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Correlation of imaging and histopathology of thrombi in acute ischemic stroke with etiology and outcome: a systematic review
Waleed Brinjikji1,
Sharon Duffy2,
Anthony Burrows1,
Werner Hacke3,
David Liebeskind4,
Charles B L M Majoie5,
Diederik W J Dippel6,
Adnan H Siddiqui7,
Pooja Khatri8,
Blaise Baxter9,
Raul Nogeuira10,
Matt Gounis11,
Tudor Jovin12,
David F Kallmes1
1Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
2Department of Engineering, Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology, Galway, Ireland
3Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
4Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
5Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
6Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
7Department of Neurosurgery, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
8Department of Neurology, University of Cincinatti, Cincinatti, Ohio, USA
9Department of Radiology, University of Tennessee Medical Center, Chatanooga, Tennessee, USA
10Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
11Department of Radiology, New England Center for Stroke Research, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
12Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
Correspondence to Dr Waleed Brinjikji, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Brinjikji.waleed{at}mayo.edu
Background and purpose Studying the imaging and histopathologic characteristics of thrombi in ischemic stroke could provide insights into stroke etiology and ideal treatment strategies. We conducted a systematic review of imaging and histologic characteristics of thrombi in acute ischemic stroke.
Materials and methods We identified all studies published between January 2005 and December 2015 that reported findings related to histologic and/or imaging characteristics of thrombi in acute ischemic stroke secondary to large vessel occlusion. The five outcomes examined in this study were (1) association between histologic composition of thrombi and stroke etiology; (2) association between histologic composition of thrombi and angiographic outcomes; (3) association between thrombi imaging and histologic characteristics; (4) association between thrombi imaging characteristics and angiographic outcomes; and (5) association between imaging characteristics of thrombi and stroke etiology. A meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model.
Results There was no significant difference in the proportion of red blood cell (RBC)-rich thrombi between cardioembolic and large artery atherosclerosis etiologies (OR 1.62, 95% CI 0.1 to 28.0, p=0.63). Patients with a hyperdense artery sign had a higher odds of having RBC-rich thrombi than those without a hyperdense artery sign (OR 9.0, 95% CI 2.6 to 31.2, p<0.01). Patients with a good angiographic outcome had a mean thrombus Hounsfield unit (HU) of 55.1±3.1 compared with a mean HU of 48.4±1.9 for patients with a poor angiographic outcome (mean standard difference 6.5, 95% CI 2.7 to 10.2, p<0.001). There was no association between imaging characteristics and stroke etiology (OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.32 to 4.00, p=0.85).
Conclusions The hyperdense artery sign is associated with RBC-rich thrombi and improved recanalization rates. However, there was no association between the histopathological characteristics of thrombi and stroke etiology and angiographic outcomes.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/neurintsurg-2016-012391
Prior studies have suggested that studying thrombus composition can provide insights into stroke etiology, predict recanalization success following both intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy, and assist in the development of new technologies aimed at retrieving specific types of thrombi.1–6 In fact, recently published in vitro studies have suggested that clot composition can affect the ideal choice of techniques used during clot retriever and does, in fact, play a role in device/clot interaction.7 ,8 Because stent-retriever and aspiration thrombectomy technologies which allow us to retrieve and study fresh thrombi in patients with acute stroke have only recently been developed, the current body of literature on the association between imaging and histopathological characteristics of clot and their association with recanalization outcomes and stroke etiology is primarily limited to small single-center case series. Because of this, it is difficult to make any definitive conclusions regarding the importance of imaging and histopathological characteristics of thrombi and outcomes and etiology of acute stroke.
In order to update the neurointerventional community on the current status of thrombus research in acute ischemic stroke secondary to large vessel occlusion, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of research on thrombi in acute ischemic stroke aimed at studying the following five outcomes: (1) the association between histologic composition of thrombi and stroke etiology; (2) the association between thrombus histologic composition and angiographic outcomes; (3) the association between imaging and histologic characteristics of thrombi in stroke; (4) the association between imaging characteristics of thrombi and angiographic outcomes; and (5) the association between imaging characteristics of thrombi and stroke etiology.
We identified all studies published between January 2005 and December 2015 that reported findings related to the histologic and/or imaging characteristics of thrombi in patients with acute ischemic stroke secondary to large vessel occlusion. A comprehensive literature search of the databases PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE and Ovid EMBASE was designed and conducted by a librarian with 30 years of experience in systematic reviews and meta-analysis with input from the authors. The keywords clot, thrombus, embolus, stroke, ischemic stroke, large vessel occlusion, mechanical thrombectomy, CT, MRI, pathology and histology were used in both 'AND' and 'OR' combinations. Studies were selected using the following inclusion criteria: (1) patients with large vessel occlusion; (2) either imaging or histologic characteristics of clots in acute stroke patients were reported; (3) the study examined at least one of the five outcomes listed above; (4) retrospective or prospective articles or conference abstracts with at least five patients; and (5) published in English or an English translation was available. Abstracts had to clearly report results such as number of patients, means and SDs for continuous variables, proportions for continuous variables or provide content in table form. Large vessel occlusion was defined as occlusion of the vertebral, basilar carotid terminus, middle and anterior cerebral arteries as determined by MR angiography, CT angiography or digital subtraction angiography. Exclusion criteria were the following: (1) studies which did not report large vessel occlusion patients or did not stratify results by large and small vessel occlusion; (2) studies which did not report imaging or histologic characteristics of stroke, or reported outcomes in the subacute phase; (3) autopsy studies; and (4) studies with <5 patients. For the systematic review and meta-analysis examining the association of imaging characteristics of thrombi and angiographic outcomes, studies which only reported outcomes of intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV-tPA) were excluded.
Two authors independently searched the database and selected potentially relevant articles based on the title and abstract and obtained the full text for detailed review. We searched the reference lists of retrieved articles and published review articles for additional studies. We also screened duplicate publications that drew on the same datasets (ie, data overlapped with that in other included studies). In cases of duplication or overlapping patient populations, only the publication with the most complete data was included. Data overlap was determined if the patients included in two different studies were from the same institution and overlapping time periods. The most complete set of data was defined as the set of data with the largest number of patients or most amount of detail in terms of results reporting. We contacted authors of some studies to request incomplete or unpublished data.
We studied five different outcomes in this study. First, we studied the association between the histologic composition of thrombi (ie, red blood cell (RBC) content and fibrin content) and stroke etiology. Stroke etiology was generally defined as large artery atherosclerosis or cardioembolic. The second outcome studied was the association between the histologic composition of thrombi and recanalization outcomes. For this, histologic composition was defined by the RBC and fibrin content. Recanalization outcomes were defined as good if the Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) score was ≥2 or if the Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction (TICI) score was ≥2b. For the third outcome we studied the association between the imaging and histologic characteristics of thrombi in stroke. For this, both CT and MRI were used. CT outcomes were evaluated using Hounsfield unit (HU) measurements and MRI characteristics were defined using the presence or absence of the susceptibility vessel sign (SVS) (ie, low signal on susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI)). Histologic characteristics were analyzed by RBC and fibrin content. Fourth, we studied the association between imaging characteristics (on MRI and CT) of thrombi and angiographic outcomes. Again, for this, good angiographic outcome was defined as a TIMI score of ≥2 or TICI score of ≥2b. For this analysis we also performed a subgroup analysis on the association between HU and outcomes by including only those articles which reported the use of techniques such as aspiration thrombectomy and stent-retrievers. Lastly, we studied the association between imaging characteristics of thrombi on CT and MRI (ie, HUs and SWI characteristics) and stroke etiology (cardioembolic and large artery atherosclerosis).
Histologic and imaging characteristics
The histologic characteristics of thrombi studied included the proportion of RBCs, white blood cells (WBCs), and fibrin in retrieved thrombi. In some cases we were able to study the histologic composition as a categorical variable (ie, RBC-rich, RBC-poor, fibrin-rich, fibrin-poor, etc); however, in many cases the studies only reported the mean proportion of RBCs, WBCs, and fibrin between groups. In cases where the association between stroke etiology and histologic and imaging characteristics of thrombi were studied, the etiology was categorized as large artery atherosclerosis or cardioembolic.
Data from included studies were extracted independently by two authors using a standardized form and any disagreement was resolved by consensus. Histologic analysis was generally performed using H&E staining. Imaging characteristics of thrombi studied included the presence or absence of a hyperdense artery sign (HAS) and/or thrombi HUs on non-contrast CT or the presence/absence of SVS on MRI at the time of presentation. Details of the staining and imaging methods used in each study are provided in table 1.
Summary of included studies
All included studies were comparative. Meta-analysis results were expressed as an OR for binary outcomes using random effects meta-analysis.9 Random effects meta-analysis was also used to study continuous outcomes with outcomes reported using the mean standard difference (MSD). For all outcomes, we quantified between-study heterogeneity using homogeneity by calculating the I2 statistics.10 A formal statistical meta-analysis was used whenever there were at least three studies examining any given outcome. In cases where data from studies were not presented in an easily extractable manner or fewer than three studies examined a specific outcome, data were summarized in the form of a systematic review.
Risk of bias assessment
Risk of bias assessment was performed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. This tool is used for assessing the risk of bias of non-randomized studies included in systematic reviews or meta-analyses. Each study is judged on eight items categorized into three groups: (1) selection of the study groups; (2) comparability of the study groups; and (3) ascertainment of the outcome of interest.11
Literature search and risk of bias assessment
The initial literature search yielded a total of 338 studies. Of these, 297 were excluded based on title and abstract alone. Sixteen additional articles were excluded due to insufficient available data. In total, 25 articles were included in the final systematic review and meta-analysis. All studies were retrospective and all studies were at high risk of bias using the Newcastle–Ottawa criteria. Nine articles including 322 patients examined associations between histology and etiology, four articles including 158 patients examined associations between thrombi histopathology and outcome, eight articles including 250 patients examined associations between histology and imaging characteristics, eight articles with 658 patients examined associations between imaging and revascularization with intra-arterial therapy, and seven articles with 738 patients examined the association between imaging and etiology. A summary of the included studies is provided in table 1 and figure 1 summarizes the search strategy.
Search strategy results.
Histologic composition of thrombi and stroke etiology
Nine articles including 322 patients examined the association between thrombi histology and etiology.5 ,12–19 Of these nine studies, five (55.5%) found no association between thrombi histology and etiology. Two studies (22.2%) found that cardioembolic strokes were associated with RBC-rich thrombi, one study (11.1%) found that large artery atherosclerosis was associated with RBC-rich thrombi, and one study (11.1%) found that cardioembolic strokes were associated with WBC-rich thrombi.
Four studies had data available for extraction for purposes of a meta-analysis. There was no significant difference in the proportion of RBC-rich thrombi between cardioembolic and large artery atherosclerosis etiologies (OR 1.62, 95% CI 0.1 to 28.0, p=0.63). The mean RBC composition for cardioembolic strokes was 39.3% and 29.5% for large artery atherosclerosis (MSD 9.8, 95% CI −15.9 to 35.5, p=0.45). The mean fibrin composition for cardioembolic strokes was 28.4% and 40.0% for large artery atherosclerosis (MSD −11.6, 95% CI −41.8 to 18.7, p=0.46). I2 values were >50% for all outcomes, indicating substantial heterogeneity.
Clot histologic composition and angiographic outcomes
Four articles with 158 patients examined the association between thrombi histology and angiographic outcomes.5 ,12 ,14 ,20 In three studies (75.0%) there was no association between thrombi histology and outcome and in one study WBC-rich thrombi were associated with less favorable recanalization rates. No meta-analysis for this outcome could be performed.
Imaging and histologic characteristics of thrombi in stroke
Eight articles including 250 patients examined associations between thrombi histology and imaging characteristics.1 ,5 ,12 ,13 ,15 ,18 ,21 ,22 Six of six articles (100%, 6/6) examining the association between RBC and fibrin content and HAS demonstrated that hyperdense thrombus indicated a high RBC content. Two of two articles (100%, 2/2) examining the association between RBC and fibrin content found that the presence of the SVS indicated the presence of RBC-rich thrombi.
Three articles had data available for extraction for purposes of a meta-analysis. HAS was associated with RBC-rich thrombi. Patients with HAS had a higher odds of having RBC-rich thrombi than those without a HAS on CT (OR 9.0, 95% CI 2.6 to 31.2, p<0.01). I2 for this estimate was 0%, indicating no substantial heterogeneity in the analysis of this outcome. The mean RBC% for patients with a HAS was 45.2% compared with 23.3% for those without a HAS (MSD 24.5, 95% CI 17.4 to 31.7, p<0.01). I2 for this estimate was >50%, indicating substantial heterogeneity (figure 2).
Forest plot comparing mean attenuation of clots in patients with good angiographic outcome versus those with poor angiographic outcome. Mean difference calculated as difference in the mean attenuation of patients with good angiographic outcome subtracted from the mean attenuation of patients with poor angiographic outcome. The positive value of the mean difference indicates that patients with a good angiographic outcome had a higher clot attenuation than those with a poor outcome. Good angiographic outcomes were defined as Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) score of ≥2 or Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction (TICI) score of ≥2b.
Imaging characteristics of thrombi and angiographic outcomes
A total of eight studies with 658 patients examined the association between thrombi imaging characteristics and angiographic outcomes following mechanical thrombectomy.3 ,5 ,23–32 As mentioned in the Methods section, IV-tPA studies were excluded from this analysis. Seven studies examined outcomes with mechanical thrombectomy with or without IA-tPA and one study examined outcomes with IA-tPA alone. Five studies used modern techniques including stent-retrievers and aspiration thrombectomy, two studies reported outcomes of Merci clot retrieval alone, and one study included patients receiving IA-tPA alone. Of the eight studies, six examined the correlation between clot density on CT and outcomes, one examined the correlation between clot signal on MRI and outcomes, and one study examined the correlation between clot characteristics on both CT and MRI and outcomes.
Of the studies examining the association between CT attenuation of thrombi and outcomes, five (71.4%, 5/7) found that the presence of a HAS was associated with successful recanalization, one study (14.3%, 1/7) found no association between the HAS and recanalization, and one study (14.3%, 1/7) found a negative association between the HAS and recanalization. Of the two studies examining recanalization rates with MRI, both (100%, 2/2) found a positive association between the SVS and recanalization.
Five articles had data available for meta-analysis on the correlation with thrombi density on CT and angiographic outcomes. Patients with a good angiographic outcome had a mean HU of 55.1±3.1 compared with a mean HU of 48.4±1.9 for patients with a poor angiographic outcome (MSD 6.5, 95% CI 2.7 to 10.2, p<0.001). Our subgroup analysis of the association between clot density and angiographic outcomes including only case series which reported the use of modern techniques also demonstrated that patients with a favorable angiographic outcome had a significantly higher mean clot HU than those with a poor angiographic outcome (MSD 6.7, 95% CI 1.7 to 11.8, p=0.009). I2 values for these estimates were >50%, indicating substantial heterogeneity.
Imaging characteristics of thrombi and stroke etiology
Seven articles with 738 patients examined the association between thrombi imaging characteristics and stroke etiology.3 ,4 ,23 ,28 ,31 ,33 ,34 Six studies examined CT findings and two studies examined MRI findings. Two CT studies (33.3%, 2/6) found an association between the HAS and a cardioembolic etiology and four studies (66.6%, 4/6) found no association. Both MRI studies found a positive association between the SVS and cardioembolic etiology.
Four studies had data available for meta-analysis examining the association between etiology and HAS. There was no association between imaging characteristics and stroke etiology (OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.32 to 4.00, p=0.85). I2 values for this estimate were >50%, indicating substantial heterogeneity.
Our systematic review and meta-analysis of imaging and histopathologic characteristics of thrombi in acute ischemic stroke secondary to large vessel occlusion demonstrated a number of relevant findings. First, as the literature currently stands, the current characteristics of thrombi as determined by conventional staining techniques (ie, H&E) do not reveal any information on stroke etiology. In addition, there appear to be only a few studies examining the association between the histologic composition of thrombi and revascularization outcomes. We found that patients with HAS had a higher odds of having RBC-rich thrombi than those without a HAS on CT (OR 9.0, 95% CI 2.6 to 31.2, p<0.01). Furthermore, the increasing vessel density on non-contrast CT was associated with increased recanalization with both IV-tPA and IA recanalization. Lastly, we found no association between thrombi imaging characteristics, including vessel density on CT and susceptibility on MRI, and stroke etiology. These findings suggest that, while imaging characteristics of thrombi in acute stroke can tell us important information regarding composition and potential revascularization outcomes, many important questions regarding the histopathologic characteristics of thrombi in acute ischemic stroke remain unanswered.
Understanding the histologic characteristics of thrombi in acute ischemic stroke is important for a number of reasons. First, in many cases, patients with acute ischemic stroke present with risk factors for both a large artery atherosclerotic and cardioembolic etiology for their ischemic event. While in many cases the etiology can be sorted out with a high degree of reliability, in cases of cryptogenic stroke—which comprise up to 30% of strokes depending on the population—the exact etiology remains uncertain.35 With improved understanding of the association between thrombi composition and etiology, thrombi composition could potentially provide an important clue regarding stroke etiology and thus affect secondary stroke prevention strategies. Half of the included studies in our systematic review found no association between thrombus composition and etiology while the remaining studies all yielded variable results.5 ,12–19
All of the included studies used H&E staining to evaluate thrombi composition.5 ,12–19 Based on these results, it is clear that H&E staining characteristics do not provide enough information regarding stroke etiology and further research examining cell subtypes using immunostaining methods are likely required to further understand the association between stroke etiology and thrombi composition. For example, some prior studies have suggested that vulnerable carotid plaques have high percentage areas of CD3-positive T cells and CD68- and CD11c-positive macrophages.36 ,37 With improved immunostaining methods it may be possible to create a profile of thrombi by their origins.
An understanding of the histologic characteristics of thrombi and recanalization outcomes is also potentially important in improving device selection and device development.3 ,6–8 When engaging a thrombus with a stent-retriever or suction catheter, optimal outcomes are likely best achieved when the entirety of the thrombus is able to be retrieved in one pass. Multiple passes probably indicate that the thrombus is adherent to the vessel or fragmented, which could put the patient at risk for distal emboli and less than optimal recanalization outcomes.3 Furthermore, it is possible that the mechanical characteristics of a thrombus (soft vs stiff) affect the ability of a stent-retriever device or suction catheter to engage it.2 ,6–8 By understanding the distribution of thrombi phenotypes and their association with recanalization outcomes, we can arrive at a better understanding of why it is that successful recanalization is only achieved in 70–80% of cases and develop technologies that can be used to successfully retrieve these difficult thrombi. Our review found only three studies which examined the association between thrombi composition and outcome. Thus, it is clear that further research in this field is needed.
Ultimately, if histopathological studies of thrombi composition prove to be successful in demonstrating their association with etiology and recanalization outcomes, the importance of thrombi imaging will only increase. Based on findings from this review, it is clear that a HAS or SVS is a marker of an RBC-rich thrombus while the absence of these imaging findings is associated with a more fibrin-rich thrombus.4–6 ,8 ,11 ,14–16 If, indeed, thrombus composition is shown to be associated with improved outcomes with certain techniques or devices, or if certain thrombi are shown to be associated with higher rates of fragmentation and distal embolization, imaging can then be used to guide device selection and at least provide the operator with a sense of what to expect during the revascularization procedure (ie, stiffness of thrombi or device/clot interaction). However, further understanding of the association between imaging characteristics and etiology could be useful to help determine stroke etiology in cases in which revascularization was either not performed or unsuccessful.
Our study has substantial limitations. First, there are relatively few studies in the literature examining many of the outcomes included in this study. A major finding of this analysis is the fact that much work remains to be done in examining the histologic and imaging characteristics of thrombi in acute stroke. In general, there was a lack of uniformity in the histopathologic descriptions of retrieved thrombi. Definitions included old versus fresh, RBC-rich versus fibrin-rich, serpentine versus laminated, and WBC-rich versus WBC-poor. Given the lack of standard nomenclature in thrombi characterization, this limits the generalizability of our results. It is also important to point out that some of the studies included in this analysis were performed prior to the advent of stent-retrievers and aspiration thrombectomy; technologies which now allow us to extract clots in their entirety rather than in fragments. This might affect sampling of clot histology. Stroke etiology was generally evaluated by a neurologist in the series that reported it. However, the details of this investigation were not always included in the included studies. Imaging techniques were variable across studies and imaging outcomes were generally not evaluated by an independent core laboratory.
There is inherent bias in assessing histologic characteristics of thrombi and angiographic outcomes as patients with poor outcomes presumably have no thrombi retrieved for analysis. There was a lack of uniformity in how many outcomes were reported, as some studies characterized imaging and pathological characteristics of thrombi using categorical variables while others used continuous variables. Most of the studies included in this systematic review and meta-analysis were retrospective single-center studies and at risk of selection bias. Nevertheless, this systematic review and meta-analysis provides important information regarding the current state of the literature on thrombi imaging and histology which can be further built upon in future studies.
Our systematic review and meta-analysis of thrombi imaging and histologic characteristics demonstrated a number of interesting findings. First, imaging characteristics including the HAS and SVS are associated with RBC-rich thrombi and HAS is associated with improved recanalization rates. Second, there were no definitive associations between clot histology using H&E staining and clot origin. Clearly, much work remains to be done in understanding the association between thrombi composition and stroke etiology as well as revascularization outcomes. Further research in the field of thrombi research in acute ischemic stroke is needed to address these questions and should focus on determining if certain device classes are better suited to treat different thrombi types, the role of immunostaining and other histologic classification techniques, and whether preoperative imaging can be used to guide device selection and revascularization techniques.
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. Macrophage subtypes in symptomatic carotid artery and femoral artery plaques. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2012;44:491–7. doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2012.08.005
Cho KY,
Miyoshi H,
Kuroda S, et al
. The phenotype of infiltrating macrophages influences arteriosclerotic plaque vulnerability in the carotid artery. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2013;22:910–18. doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2012.11.020
Contributors All authors participated in drafting the article and revising it critically for important intellectual content. These authors made substantial contributions to conception and design, acquisition of data, and analysis and interpretation of data. All authors provided final approval of the version to be published. Waleed Brinjikji M.D. and Sharon Duffy contributed equally to this work.
Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; internally peer reviewed.
Data sharing statement Please contact the corresponding author for data sharing requests.


Nice little fair, I would recommend the venue for little ones. No so big that you are overwhelmed as a parent?! As with all fairs these days bring your wallet, entrance fees, ride fees, the all the extra stuff. Pack a picnic and eat in the square at the end of the fairway.


If you have a Facebook page with a URL like this: https://www.facebook.com/smashballoon then the Page ID is just smashballoon.
If your page URL structured like this: https://www.facebook.com/smashballoon-1234567890 then the ID is 1234567890.
If your page URL is structured like this: https://www.facebook.com/pages/smashballoon/123654123654123 then the Page ID is actually the number at the end, so in this case 123654123654123.
Due to recent changes to the Facebook API it is unfortunately no longer possible to display a feed from a Facebook Group.
Once you have your ID you can copy and paste it into our Pro version demo to try it out.
If you have any trouble figuring out your Page ID then just shoot us a message and we'll help you out.


text:
It has been proposed that Australia seek membership of ASEAN, a political and economic union of 10 member states in Southeast Asia. While the Australian Government has never formally applied for membership, Australia maintains a high level of bilateral relations with ASEAN and its member states.

Australian participates in the East Asia Summit and the ASEAN Regional Forum.

Support
Indonesian President Joko Widodo has publicly expressed his support for Australia to join ASEAN, as has former Australian Prime Minister Paul Keating.

Due to Australia's large role in Southeast Asia and being geographically situated near Southeast Asia, Graeme Dobell of the Australian Strategic Policy Institute (ASPI), an independent think tank, wrote in 2015 that it was necessary for Australia to join the organisation. In February 2018, the ASPI recommended that Australia and New Zealand join ASEAN by 2024.

Opposition

See also

 Enlargement of ASEAN

References

Foreign relations of Australia
Australia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Why is /dev/sda1 not recognized as a windows bootable by boot-repair? In an older configuration I had a sata SSD drive with windows and linux working both with grub (/dev/sda)
Later I added a faster ssd card (/dev/nvme0) and installed a more recent version of Ubuntu on it and made that faster ssd card the first boot.
For a while I could still dual boot but to get to Windows I always had to change in the BIOS the first boot to that /dev/sda drive (annoying) because the grub installed on /dev/nvme0 never could make my windows run, only the older grub installed on /dev/sda could run it.
Today I wanted to recuperate the unused partitions (my older linux still on the /dev/sda) so I changed its type, zeroed its content and since then I never could boot in Windows.
http://paste.ubuntu.com/p/wc6C7CQghZ/
I used boot-repair but it does not consider /dev/sda1 as a bootable windows partition but it should... what's going on?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Jackie Baillie
Policy Commission: Economy, Business and Trade Policy Commission
jackie.baillie.msp@scottish.parliament.uk
Jackie Baillie MSP has represented Dumbarton Constituency in the Scottish Parliament since 1999. She was the first woman to represent the constituency when she was elected and the only Labour MSP to hold the same seat continuously since then. Jackie has served as a Cabinet Minister and opposition spokesperson in a number of different roles, including Health, Finance, the Economy, and Fair Work. Twitter: @jackiebmsp

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
The Battle Plan
Denton Ryan QB could give Texas big edge in Oil Bowl
Nick Gholson
If the 66th Oil Bowl game goes down to the wire Saturday night, Texas will have a big advantage.
That advantage is named James Battle.
No high school quarterback in the state of Texas was better at crunch time in big games the last three years than this kid from Denton Ryan.
Turn back the clock to 2000 and the Class 4A Division I quarterfinals. Battle's quarterback sneak on the last play of the game beat Corsicana 33-29.
The next year Battle threw a 19-yard touchdown pass in the final minute of the game to let Ryan escape Waxahachie 28-24 in the first round of the playoffs. A few weeks later in the state championship game, he directed a late 67-yard touchdown drive to send it to overtime, where Ryan won 42-35 over Smithson Valley.
Last season with Ryan trailing Aledo by seven points in the quarterfinals, Battle threw three touchdown passes in the fourth quarter to rally his team to a 34-27 victory. The next week, the Raiders scored 15 points in 45 seconds late in the fourth quarter for an 18-14 win that snapped Ennis' 16-game playoff win streak.
"The biggest intangible that you never read about him is he's a great, great kid and a great, great leader," said Glen West, the head coach for Texas in the Oil Bowl and a guy whose Brenham team fell victim to Battle and Ryan, 38-8, in the last year's Class 4A Division II state championship game.
"Football is still a game that is played from the heart and the brain, two assets never talked about except by his own high school coach."
Strength, speed, accuracy and athleticism are talked about a lot, and Battle also has all of the above.
The year before Battle became the starting quarterback, football was a joke at Denton Ryan. In 1999, the Raiders were 1-9. In the three years with Battle, Ryan was 42-4, went to three straight state championship games and won the last two.
As a senior, Battle completed 192 of 313 passes for 2,989 yards and 31 touchdowns and carried the ball 196 times for 872 yards and 19 TDs. He was voted the Class 4A Player of the Year in Texas.
Now add humility to the list of overlooked traits.
Instead of bragging on himself – which he very well could – for the huge turnaround at Ryan, Battle credited head coach Joey Florence and his staff for making it all happen.
"After you've been losing like we had, you start getting that 'we can't win' attitude. But the coaches came in and got us back ready to play with a lot of heart and a little talent," he said.
Battle credits Kevin Atkinson for helping him become the quarterback he is today. Atkinson was Florence's offensive coordinator in 2000 and 2001 before moving on to be head coach at Keller.
"I had been an option quarterback my whole life and didn't know how to throw, but coach Atkinson came in and taught me my fundamentals," Battle said. "The first year was a learning process, and we lost in the state championship game. The next year I knew the offense more and we won the state championship. He helped me develop as a player."
Now it looks like Battle will once again be an option quarterback. While still playing his senior season, he committed to TCU after just one visit.
"Coach (Gary) Patterson and his coaching staff are the mirror of coach Florence and his staff. That's why they have won back-to-back bowls. It's just like Denton Ryan. Everybody is a leader and not just one person," he explained.
"That's what I was looking for. The first place that I found that was like the place I was at, there was where I was going to go."
Before playing for TCU, Battle will play in a couple of summer all-star games. Both times he will be on the same roster with the Class 5A Player of the Year and a guy who plays the game much like he does – Chase Wasson of Southlake Carroll.
Southlake Carroll head coach Todd Dodge, the offensive coordinator for the Texas Oil Bowl team, said he would probably alternate Wasson and Battle every two series.
"I don't have a problem with it. He (Wasson) is good, that's all there is to it. If I was a whole lot better, it might be different," Battle said.
Strangely, when the two get together again late next month at the North-South All-Star Game in Fort Worth, their coach will be Battle's old head coach, Joey Florence. Like Dodge, he will find some way to utilize the talents of both of these player of the year quarterbacks.
But if things are close late in the game, both of these coaches might want to use the same battle plan – put the ball in Battle's hands. Odds are he will win it for you.
Sports Editor Nick Gholson can be reached before 4 p.m. weekdays by calling (940) 720-3447 or 1-800-626-1646 (ext. 447). Or you can e-mail him at gholsonn@timesrecordnews.com.
Posted in 2003, Press Release


text:
Astronomia
 514 Armida – asteroide della fascia principale

Letteratura e teatro
 Armida –  personaggio del poema Gerusalemme liberata (1581) di Torquato Tasso che ha ispirato più di cento opere liriche e balletti tra il XVII e i primi anni del XX secolo, con titoli come Armida, Rinaldo, Armida e Rinaldo, Armida abbandonata e Armida al campo d'Egitto. Tra questi si ricordano le opere:
Armida di Claudio Monteverdi (1627); opera perduta, nota grazie a un carteggio
Armide di Jean-Baptiste Lully (1686)
Armida di Philippe Quinault (1686)
Armida di Tommaso Traetta (1761)
Armida di Giuseppe Scarlatti (1766)
Armida abbandonata di Niccolò Jommelli (1770)
Armida di Antonio Salieri (1771)
Armida di Antonio Sacchini (1772)
Armida di Johann Gottlieb Naumann (1773)
Armida di Christoph Willibald Gluck (1777)
Armida di Franz Joseph Haydn (1784)
Armida di Gioachino Rossini (1817)
Armida di Antonín Dvořák (1904)
Armida di Judith Weir (2005)

Onomastica
 Armida – nome proprio di persona femminile

Persone
 Armida – attrice, cantante e ballerina messicana (1911-1989)

Pagine correlate
Armide


In my earlier post about hair colouring I had mentioned that I won a hair styling session at Jean Claude Biguine from Grazia. And what timing. This winter, I have a lot of weddings/engagements to attend. And have decided to use the voucher for my cousin's engagement. I am wearig a Seagreen Mysore silk saree (the same one that I had bought from Bangalore) with a dull gold blouse and statement red and turquiose necklace. (I know I sound really excited. But, I love dressing up for weddings and plan my looks weeks in advance:p).
So getting back to the hair styling, I'm thinking I should try something different and not the regular blow dry (which Ive tried zillion times, and why go to Biguine for that when your local parlour wali can do that, right?). So after looking up for some hairstyles on the net I've zeroed in on the side swept ponytail with curls. My hair has grown pretty long ( about 5 inches from the shoulder). So i think the curls will look good.
Will update this post with my own pic when I get the styling done. Do leave your suggestions in my comment box. Also, links to your own post in case you have tried something similar (or different). I would love to know.
Here's how it looked on me. gave the first pic as refernce to my stylist at Jean Claude Biguine . Was really happy with the outcome. What say you?
Not very clear. But you can see the hair.
I loved the look of the 1st one and the 3rd one.
Such a nice change from regular blow drys!
will update once I get it done. Hope it looks good on me.
Lovely pics n perfect for a fresh girly look. Share yur pics if possible.
wow, you looks so pretty!
Hey lovely style girl!!! Looks very nice on you.
Cupcakes - Can't get enough of them!
TV shows for the girly girl!


text:
$900 worth of electronic cigarettes stolen from Evansville gas station
Suspects wearing bandannas and brandishing a knife allegedly stole a stockpile of electronic cigarettes from a gas station on US 41 in Evansville.
$900 worth of electronic cigarettes stolen from Evansville gas station Suspects wearing bandannas and brandishing a knife allegedly stole a stockpile of electronic cigarettes from a gas station on US 41 in Evansville. Check out this story on courierpress.com: http://www.courierpress.com/story/news/crime/2018/07/22/900-worth-electronic-cigarettes-stolen-evansville-gas-station/816176002/
Noah Stubbs, Evansville Courier & Press Published 2:02 p.m. CT July 22, 2018
Smoking electronic cigarettes, or "vaping," is a growing trend among adolescents. Experts say many people first become exposed to drugs like nicotine as adolescents, and substance use can become a lifelong behavior.(Photo: Brian M. Wells/Times Herald)
EVANSVILLE, Ind. — Two men walked away from a gas station with a stockpile of electronic cigarettes, according to authorities.
A Vanderburgh County Sheriff's Office release said two male suspects meandered into the Windmill Bakery Circle K convenience store on US 41 and Petersburg Road early Sunday morning.
The two men were wearing bandannas covering their faces and brandished a knife.
Instead of looting fresh donuts, investigators said the suspects stole $900 worth of electronic cigarettes.
Sheriff deputies arrived to the convenience store shortly before 4 a.m.
An Evansville Police Department K-9 team tracked the two men, but couldn't locate them.
Here's a description of the two men from sheriff detectives. They're still investigating:
"The suspects are described as one white male, thin build, approximately 5 foot 8 inches tall and one black male thin build approximately 5 foot 10 inches tall."
Noah Stubbs is a reporter for the Courier & Press.
More: Three Evansville-area men are still waiting on Indiana's death row | Webb
More: Youth baseball coach charged with battery after altercation with umpire
Read or Share this story: http://www.courierpress.com/story/news/crime/2018/07/22/900-worth-electronic-cigarettes-stolen-evansville-gas-station/816176002/


text:
A White Teacher Starts a Black Lives Matter Club in a Trump-Friendly Long Island District. What Happens Next?
July 26, 2018 July 26, 2018 Guest Blogger (via Vivett Dukes)
Mark Jackett is a high school special education teacher on Long Island. He lives in Port Jefferson with his wife, two daughters, two cats, and eight chickens.
It's not easy being Black in one of Suffolk County's big, predominantly white high schools. So when one of the handful of Black students at the high school where I teach asked me to start a Black Lives Matter club, I couldn't say no.
I began the 2016-2017 school year wearing a small Black Lives Matter button on my lanyard. I also had a Shakespeare button, a poetry button, and a rainbow ribbon on the same lanyard. I wore this button for the first twelve days of school without incident, until I was finally confronted about it by one of our high school's security guards. Not a student, not a parent, not an administrator or fellow teacher, but a security guard. We had a brief, tense, but civil conversation, after which I think he was surprised to find that I did not agree to remove the button.
To jump to the payoff: about fifteen minutes later, one of our assistant principals relayed a message from the principal telling me to remove the button, saying there had been "several" complaints. This, of course, was nonsense: there had been one complaint, and I knew who it was from. The administrators must have seen this as a very serious issue, as I was originally given the directive by phone, but then about twenty minutes later the assistant principal came to the library where I was working to make sure I had complied. (Let me repeat that I was also wearing a rainbow ribbon; apparently the powers that be are OK with supporting LGBTQ+ kids but not Black students.) Nonetheless, my purpose had been achieved: I had identified myself, a white teacher, as an ally to our Black students. The student, Lauren, who approached me about starting the club, was eager to address the racism that she and other students of color experience at our school and in our community.
While there have not been any major racial incidents that I'm aware of during my time in this school district, the community tends to be very conservative. Many students wore Trump T-shirts and MAGA hats during and after the most recent presidential election. I know of one Black family, two brothers, who chose to leave and attend another high school after one-too-many incidents that they felt were racially-motivated (about which I do not know details).
After some discussion, Lauren and I settled on the name "Social Justice Club," and our club was soon approved by the school and school board. Lauren crafted a mission statement that reads: "This group recognizes the numerous acts of injustice all over the United States and we will spread the news to our peers and do our best to take action to help stop the violence and prejudice." She went on to write that "this club will provide a safe place for students of any and all nationalities to come together and discuss the injustices that take place in our school and we can help things like racial slurs and harassment come to an end at [our school]."
We had a few meetings in spring 2017, and then the club began in earnest in the fall. I'd love to say we had a revolutionary impact on the school, but that is not the case. Our meeting attendance averaged in the single digits, with some meetings having as few as three students. We never held any events throughout the year, never created the T-shirts we had talked about, bearing the names of victims of police violence like Eric Garner and Philando Castile. But the club did provide a place for students of color, and a few white peers, to share stories of their experiences with racism and prejudice in our school and community.
Probably the biggest moment of the year for our club was our meeting with several district-level administrators. Last year our assistant superintendent created a district-wide Equity Team, composed of teachers and administrators from all grade levels, to explore issues of equity within the district. I was able to arrange for a small group from the Equity Team to come to one of our Social Justice Club meetings to hear first-hand from our students what it's like to be a student of color in our district and community. An Asian girl told how a fellow patron at IHOP commented that she was so surprised that the girl and her mother could speak English. A "friend" of our founder, Lauren, made a reference at lunch to Lauren being a cannibal. (I don't remember the exact details, but it was in a context such that the comment was clearly a reference to the fact that Lauren is Black.) Another Asian girl talked about how painful it was to hear racial jokes in the hallway that would have been unthinkable at her previous, more racially-diverse school. The stories were difficult to hear, but I was also awed by the strength of my students, and it was a tremendous learning opportunity for the administrators.
Our club has three big challenges next year. First, we need new leadership, as Lauren has graduated. Fortunately, we have some strong incoming juniors who should be up to the task. Second, we need to get more boys involved with our club. Our membership is almost exclusively female, though Lauren's younger brother did consistently attend our last few meetings of the year. We are, of course, open to any students joining us, but it would be nice to get some of the Black males off the basketball court behind the school and into our club meetings. Finally, we need to better define ourselves as a club. How will we present ourselves in the school? What actions will we take? How much controversy are we willing to engender for the sake of creating a more equitable environment within our district?
These are difficult questions. I hope that we can find answers that allow us to lead our fellow students, teachers, and administrators to a place where all students feel welcome and supported.
#Black Lives Matter Donald Trump Long Island Special Education Students of Color Teacher Voices
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text:
Franz Meier (born 16 September 1956) is a Swiss hurdler. He competed in the 400 metres hurdles at the 1980 Summer Olympics and the 1984 Summer Olympics.

References

1956 births
Living people
Athletes (track and field) at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Swiss male hurdlers
Olympic athletes of Switzerland
World Athletics Championships athletes for Switzerland
Place of birth missing (living people)


The Electric Imp is a WiFi enabled development platform powered by a Cortex-M3 processor core embedded into an SD card package. In essence, the Imp provides an easy, integrated way to connect almost any hardware device both to other devices and to internet services. It is an integrated platform that deals with the drudgery of connectivity, allowing you to concentrate on the application instead of the mechanics.
Every Electric Imp boards or "device" are equipped with its own unique "agent" that is a fully programmable cloud-hosted micro-server dedicated to supporting the hardware device. The agent is the device's personal assistant and gatekeeper rolled into one. The agent manages communication with the wider Internet (it speaks HTTP and HTTPS). As a security guard, the agent protects the device from harm. It authenticates every request using your preferred technology, secures the data passing to and from the device, and shields your product from attacks.
The Electric Imp class "TheThingsAPI" allows you to access the most common services of the thethings.iO cloud. This object uses the REST API of the thethings.iO which you can consult for further reference.
In this post, we will explain how to use it through a simple example. Please notice that, this tutorial assumes basic programing knowledge with Electric Imp.
Every time the button is pressed, the program will write the current number of pulsations to the thethings.iO cloud.
Also, the Electric Imp agent will retrieve this number from the cloud every 5 seconds and will turn on the led if the value it's an pair number or off if it's an odd number.
The following code fragments configure the behaviour just described.
This is the code running on the device (Electric Imp).
// Callback function for button, just call agent.
// and turn on or off the led.
// turn on the led. if not, turn it off.
numClicks = 0; // Initialize number of clicks.
device.on("button", button);// Register "button" function.
Create the thing's object to access the theThings.iO services.
To create your thing's object it's possible to use an already activated thing or activate a new one. A thing is identified by its unique token. With the thing token we can access the cloud's services. To get the token we have to activate the thing. The activation can be done through the thethings.iO web site, this class or directly using the REST API. To activate a thing we need the activation code which can be obtained from the thethings.iO web site. The activation of a thing only needs to be done once per thing.
Notice that numClicks is named as "button" in the cloud, but any name could be used here.
The addVar function can be called any number of times to add more values.
Also, It's optional to add a geographical location or a custom timestamp bounded to a specific value. Calling addGeo(lat, long) or addTimeStamp(time) just after adding a specific value with addVar will do so respectively. A default time stamp will be added if anyone has been specified.
From now on, the queue has been flushed and it's possible to start again.
data.value: Actual value of the retrieved variable.
data.geo.lat and data.geo.long (optional): geographic coordinates of the value if specified when wrote.
Therefore, the wanted value is found into data.value.
It's also possible to retrieve up to 100 of values in one call. Additionally, the query can be delimited between dates. The date is specified as "YYYYMMDDHHmmss". In the following example, 5 values are retrieved starting from 19/05/2015, 8:30:00 to 19/05/2015, 15:30:00.
Currently it's not possible to subscribe a thing using Electric Imp due a problem regarding how Electric Imp and thethings.iO manage TCP connections.
If you are connecting your devices to the Internet with Electric Imp and need to store real-time data, don't doubt to use thethings.iO cloud solution.


text:
Q: How to use integers and booleans as input parameters in a jni function? I want to call in my java code a jni function with some integer parameter
JAVA Code
invokeNativeFunction(integer1, integer2, boolean1);

C code
jstring Java_com_any_dom_Eservice_invokeNativeFunction(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj,
                                                    jint integer1, // is it correct to put jint?
                                                    jint integer2,
                                                    jbool boolean1) {
}

How to use integers and booleans as input parameter in a jni function?

A: This the way you write native functions
Java
private native void func(int length, boolean flag)

Now using the javah, generate .h file. It will have auto generated function declaration for you
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_com_lgc_gstream_client_client_func (JNIEnv *, jobject, jint, jboolean);

Include this header file in some file and write the definition of the function. You can use jint and jboolean in code like normal int and bool in C++


text:
'''Container nodes that don't have any logic.
'''

from __future__ import print_function

from grit.node import base
from grit.node import include
from grit.node import message
from grit.node import misc
from grit.node import node_io
from grit.node import structure

class GroupingNode(base.Node):
  '''Base class for all the grouping elements (<structures>, <includes>,
  <messages> and <identifiers>).'''
  def DefaultAttributes(self):
    return {
      'first_id' : '',
      'comment' : '',
      'fallback_to_english' : 'false',
      'fallback_to_low_resolution' : 'false',
    }

class IncludesNode(GroupingNode):
  '''The <includes> element.'''
  def _IsValidChild(self, child):
    return isinstance(child, (include.IncludeNode, misc.IfNode, misc.PartNode))

class MessagesNode(GroupingNode):
  '''The <messages> element.'''
  def _IsValidChild(self, child):
    return isinstance(child, (message.MessageNode, misc.IfNode, misc.PartNode))

class StructuresNode(GroupingNode):
  '''The <structures> element.'''
  def _IsValidChild(self, child):
    return isinstance(child, (structure.StructureNode,
                              misc.IfNode, misc.PartNode))

class TranslationsNode(base.Node):
  '''The <translations> element.'''
  def _IsValidChild(self, child):
    return isinstance(child, (node_io.FileNode, misc.IfNode, misc.PartNode))

class OutputsNode(base.Node):
  '''The <outputs> element.'''
  def _IsValidChild(self, child):
    return isinstance(child, (node_io.OutputNode, misc.IfNode, misc.PartNode))

class IdentifiersNode(GroupingNode):
  '''The <identifiers> element.'''
  def _IsValidChild(self, child):
    return isinstance(child, misc.IdentifierNode)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Grammy Nominated Artist Todd Dulaney Partnering with Industry Veteran Q Parker to Launch R&B Arm of DulaneyLand Music
The Official Maleeka Group, LLC.
November 25, 2021, 08:08 GMT
Grammy-nominated artist and DulaneyLand Music CEO Todd Dulaney
Music Industry Veteran Q Parker in partnership with DulaneyLand Music
The expansion seeks to create a more inclusive opportunity for all genres interested in the DulaneyLand Music imprint
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, USA, November 25, 2021 /EINPresswire.com/ -- Launched in the summer of 2021, the DulaneyLand Music turnkey system helps users create an entirely produced song in less than a week with subscription rates for three songs per month starting at $1500. Primarily working with Gospel artists, DulaneyLand Music is excited to partner with R&B sensation Q Parker to launch the R&B arm of DulaneyLand Music.
"Before meeting Todd personally, I admired his gift. After meeting him, I began to see his passion for music and his passion for PEOPLE. Joining the DLM team is a dream come true. I get to work alongside someone I admire but also someone who shares a vision of CHANGE. DLM will innovate the way artists navigate this entertainment industry. Legacy work!" Q Parker, Artist
Unlike anything available on the market today, DulaneyLand Music's on-demand subscription service offers help with song production, creative, marketing, distribution, and coaching. This process makes it able to mass-produce high-quality music for a fraction of what it would cost to hire a team of professional music producers, background vocalists, musicians, and mix masters.
Even with the most experienced team on your side, DulaneyLand music understands that the production process can be long and arduous, but they're here to help. The new Dulaneyland Music on-demand production subscription service created by Grammy-nominated musician and former pro-baseball player Todd Dulaney lives by the motto that "Everything Starts With a Song."
"When I was younger, I played songs by 112 on any and every romantic occasion with a young lady, not knowing that one day I would work alongside one of the brilliant minds of that group. So when I shared the DLM vision with Q, he didn't just nod his head; he added to my ideas, and that let me know that he was doing more than just listening; he began dreaming with me!" Todd Dulaney, Founder & CEO
Both Q and Todd understand they have a unique opportunity to alter the way the game is played in the music business and believe their work can have a more significant impact with multiple power players on one team for generations to come.
Along with this partnership, DulaneyLand Music is offering unparalleled deals for Black Friday.
For more information on DulaneyLand Music subscription services, please visit https://dulaneylandmusic.com/
For press inquiries, media interviews, or features for Todd Dulaney, please get in touch with Maleeka Hollaway at Maleeka@theomg.biz or 404-795-6040.
ABOUT DULANEYLAND MUSIC
DulaneyLand Music is the first of its kind to offer subscription-based, turnkey music production services for new and experienced artists. Led by Grammy-Nominated Gospel Recording Artist & Songwriter Todd Dulaney, DulaneyLand Music aims to be a creative hub for all things music and beyond. For more information, please visit https://dulaneylandmusic.com/.
Maleeka Hollaway
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text:
How Successful Climate Pressure Tactics Paved The Way For Gun Control Bullying
Just like the climate change cabal, powerful gun control interests hide behind the façade of children to promote their policy agenda.
The gun control lobby is borrowing the playbook from one of the most effective propaganda campaigns in history: anthropogenic global warming.
From engaging celebrity activists to bullying private industry to portraying opponents as murderers, the well-funded and highly-orchestrated gun control lobby is copying the same approach that has been successfully deployed by the international climate change movement to sell the dubious claim that humans are causing global warming.
Indoctrination and Exploitation of Children
Textbooks are filled with bogus scientific "studies" about global warming and dire warnings about its consequences. Schools commemorate environmental holidays like Earth Day, so they can push climate dogma. Teachers are encouraged to tag climate change in every subject area from science to health to history. And whoever disagrees, or even mildly objects, is portrayed as a child-hating monster. After all, who wants to deny a safe future for our kids? Climate crusaders are even using children as litigants in lawsuits to sue the federal government for violating "the youngest generation's constitutional rights to life, liberty, and property, as well as fail[ing] to protect essential public trust resources."
Gun control activists are now seizing on that strategy. They are shamefully capitalizing off the shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School last month, turning teen victims into celebrities and peddling these kids to news outlets as if they were candidates for public office. Just like the climate change cabal, powerful gun control interests will hide behind the façade of children to promote their policy agenda.
Despite early assurances that the Parkland students' uprising was purely organic, we now know that it was not: Deep-pocketed powerbrokers including former New York City mayor Michael Bloomberg, former Democratic National Committee chairwoman Debbie Wasserman Schultz and the country's largest teachers' union began funding and coordinating the campaign mere hours after the massacre ended.
Last week, millions of schoolchildren — with the approval of their parents and educators — defied normal rules and walked out of class in an act of fealty to the gun control lobby. The walk-out was strongly supported by the National Education Association:
Since the horrific shootings in Parkland, Florida, students across the country have launched an inspired movement to demand long overdue action on school safety and gun control. NEA, its affiliates, and members throughout Florida and the nation, support these calls to prevent further school massacres. Educators may also wish to discuss school safety and gun violence issues with their students.
The pile-on continues this weekend. Children will gather this Saturday in Washington, D.C. and around the country to participate in the March For Our Lives, the latest protest purportedly organized by kids to demand that adults enact strict gun control laws: "March For Our Lives is created by, inspired by, and led by students across the country who will no longer risk their lives waiting for someone else to take action to stop the epidemic of mass school shootings that has become all too familiar. School safety is not a political issue. The mission and focus of March For Our Lives is to demand that a comprehensive and effective bill be immediately brought before Congress to address these gun issues."
Marc Morano, the head of Climate Depot, a website devoted to exposing the climate cabal's phony science and shady tactics, writes about how children are weaponized by adult activists in his latest book, "The Politically Incorrect Guide to Climate Change:
If you can't convince adults, who is a more willing and pliable audience than children? Kids from kindergarten through college are prime targets for the climate change fear promoters' propaganda. Politicians, academia, Hollywood, and global warming activists have focused on kids, feeding them a steady diet of fear and doom, using vulnerable children to promote climate fears. The media amplifies these tactics.
Since Feb. 14, the gun control lobby has closely emulated the winning game plan of the climate change movement. Here are a few examples:
Recruiting A-list Celebrities
Several Hollywood titans are supporting the March For Our Lives. George Clooney and his wife, Amal, contributed $500,000, an amount that was quickly matched by Oprah Winfrey. Other benefactors include Steven Spielberg and wife Kate Capshaw, and producer Jeffrey Katzenberg. Celebrities such as Reese Witherspoon, Kim Kardashian, Justin Bieber, and Jessica Alba are busy one-upping each other on social media with posts and tweets demanding gun control legislation.
And, just like the hypocritical climate celebrities who fly private jets and cruise on pricy yachts powered by fossil fuels, these folks all benefit from armed bodyguards and live in gated mansions. As Morano writes about climate celebrities: "Stars regularly harangue Americans to sacrifice in order to save the planet. They call for more austerity for the rest of us, but are they willing to walk the walk in their own lives? I think you already know the answer."
Would Oprah, Clooney, et. al. be willing to forsake their private security detail? No chance.
Threatening corporations: The climate mob has long targeted fossil fuel companies for their alleged role in causing global warming, filing nuisance lawsuits to inflict debilitating financial damage. (A hearing in the nation's first climate science lawsuit was held on March 21 in San Francisco. The defendants are being blamed for rising sea levels.)
Since gun makers don't have the same deep pockets as Exxon-Mobil, the gun control lobby took a different route. Almost immediately after the shooting, activists began coercing companies to abandon their support for the National Rifle Association; several did. Dick's Sporting Goods, United Airlines, and Enterprise Holdings were among the businesses bullied into submission. The move backfired on one company: The Georgia legislature revoked $40 million in scheduled tax credits for Delta Airlines after it publicly ended a discount program for NRA members.
Reviling the Opposition
If you oppose either gun control or climate change, you are a killer. Republican lawmakers, NRA members, and regular citizens who oppose stringent gun control laws are accused of having "blood on their hands."
Alleged comedian Chelsea Handler summed it up with this tweet:
We have to elect candidates that are not funded by the NRA in November. We have an opportunity to elect candidates who won't allow kids to go to school and get shot. It is disgusting how many times this has happened and Republicans do nothing. You all have blood on your hands.
— Chelsea Handler (@chelseahandler) February 14, 2018
Climate change deniers and gun control detractors are also denounced as industry shills, bought off by special interest groups. Activists routinely post the amount of money politicians have accepted from the NRA or fossil fuel companies and attempt to intimidate lawmakers into rejecting those blood-soaked contributions. Parkland student-activist David Hogg warned: "We're going to hold these sick politicians who prefer the murder of children to [losing] their reelection. We're going to hold them accountable. And that's what we're doing."
Their animus for anyone who disagrees with them goes so deep that they hope the Grim Reaper will lend a hand. Bill Nye the Science Guy last year said the only way for the climate change movement to advance is for older climate deniers to die. Twitter tough guys have heinously targeted the children of NRA spokeswoman Dana Loesch:
You are one sick, twisted bitch. I hope one day you feel the pain and loss that these families feel, and have someone tell you to "toughen up." @DLoesch
— Cpt. Kathryn Janeway (@CptJaneway2017) March 16, 2018
Their venality has no boundaries.
The end-game of both the climate change and gun control movements are the same: subverting individual rights and choices while empowering the state. It has nothing to do with "the children," no matter how many phony marches and scripted interviews they organize.
Julie Kelly is a senior contributor to American Greatness and writer from Orland Park, Illinois. She's also been published in the Wall Street Journal, Chicago Tribune, Forbes, and The Hill.
Chelsea Handler Climate Change community organizing environmentalism gun control Hollywood Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School National Rifle Association political activism school shootings


text:
The 'Trinko' Decision
On Jan. 13, the U.S. Supreme Court overturned the 2d U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Verizon Communications v. Law Office of Curtis V. Trinko LLP , a case that has narrowed some of the boundaries of antitrust liability�especially for regulated monopolists. The unanimous ruling raised the bar for plaintiffs seeking redress for aggressive competitive behavior by monopolists. The court's reasoning also signaled a reluctance to apply � 2 of the Sherman Act in certain circumstances.
By Janet L. McDavid and Mary Anne Mason | February 16, 2004 at 12:00 AM | Originally published on National Law Journal


I can't figure out what is going on in this photo.
Ollie Johnston and Milt Kahl are looking into a mirror during production of Lady and the Tramp.
Ollie is presenting a pretty bad illustration featuring Alice in Wonderland. What on earth is going on?
This photo is a mystery to me, but any pic featuring Disney's masters of animation is worth looking at.


text:
<?php

use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;

class AddProfileImageToAccounts extends Migration {

	/**
	 * Run the migrations.
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	public function up()
	{
		Schema::table('accounts', function(Blueprint $table)
		{
            $table->string(('profileimage'));
		});
	}

	/**
	 * Reverse the migrations.
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	public function down()
	{
		Schema::table('accounts', function(Blueprint $table)
		{

		});
	}

}


text:
Orlando Rehabs
JW Andrassy
Do People Always Go to Rehab After Medical Detox?
Addiction, Detox, Inpatient 0
The time has come to go to rehab, regardless of the reason, it's a major step towards better days. Of course, there are many TV shows that don't provide the best insight into what it's like. Much less, what it's like to go through medical detox prior to entering a rehab facility. That's exactly why we're here, to help make the process as effective and painless as it can be.
Whether you're looking to go into rehab directly or you want to stop by a detox center on your way, it's always best to go through a legit medical detox program first. This will help you overcome the withdrawals while ensuring your safety.
The short answer is no, it all depends on that person's situation and whether they're required to go to rehab to fulfill certain obligations. However, going to rehab after detox seems to be the safest solution of all. The reason for this is that while detox does get you off drugs, the rehab can take that a step further and ensure a more comprehensive treatment plan is followed.
With rehab, you get access to professionals, resources, and tools dedicated to helping you stay sober for the long-term. It's a more solid approach that's focused on getting you in a position to where you can embrace society for the long-term (and hopefully the rest of your life). For those who want a more dependable fix to sobering up, it's the way to go.
What exactly is medical detox and what does it entail?
Medical detox is where a recovering addict stays anywhere from 3-10 days in a medical facility staffed 24/7 by doctors and nurses. Addictions to both alcohol and benzodiazepines are a couple of the different types of addictions that require detox. Due to the body having the risk of medical conditions (cardiac arrest, pain, and seizures to name a few) if it suddenly stops having an input of the substance suddenly which happens when one quits "cold turkey."
Some of the side effects that medical detox provides a solution for includes but isn't to be limited to:
Bone/Joint Pain
Increased Physical Sensitivity
The overall purpose of medical detox is to aid in rehabilitation in the most comfortable manner. This is done by administering medications meant to replace the substance over time, slowly being tapered off to prevent adverse reactions associated with withdrawals. Many people ignore sobering up due to the pain and negative effects of withdrawal, which is what medical detox was developed to aid them with.
The Different Types of Medical Detox
There isn't a one-size-fits-all approach that can be taken when it comes to detox. Every addiction requires a different way of helping one get away from it. Below you'll see the different types of detoxes and what they consist of. That way you're well-prepared when it comes to knowing what's in store for you.
Inpatient Detox VS Outpatient Detox
The most popular form of this is with methadone clinics. It's rare that this option is recommended, as inpatient detox does provide a stronger solution in which medical professionals monitor the withdrawal stage closer, Not to mention, it's a safe environment whereas outpatient could have significant chances of relapsing.
For those able to do inpatient detox, it is the better option if you want assurance that you're going to be somewhere the beginning stages of sobriety will take place without doubts. However, if things prevent you from going inpatient there may be outpatient options available.
With alcohol detox, the most common medication used to treat withdrawals is Benzodiazepine. It helps reduce the symptoms with alcohol detox and prevents the body from going into shock due to the lack of alcohol. Over time you'll find the use of this medication is tapered off by your provider, but the amount of time depends upon your level of addiction.
Usually, after alcohol detox, it's extremely encouraging to pursue an inpatient rehab program. The reason for this is simple. Alcohol addiction can be one of the toughest addictions to overcome. It is easy to get your hands on alcohol, therefore the risk of relapse is higher than it is with other types of addictions where finding it can be more difficult at times.
Heroin and prescription painkillers have caused an epidemic in our society, and the FDA (Food & Drug Administration) has been forced to approve creative solutions. Since the abuse of opioids is so widespread, many different treatment options have been made available. Buprenorphine and Methadone are the two most common drugs used in opioid detox.
Those with this type of addiction are usually recommended no other option than inpatient care until they at least eliminate drug usage in its entirety. The risks involved with withdrawals from Heroin and painkillers requires constant medical supervision to ensure immediate response should there be a medical emergency that arises during the process.
What should I look for when I choose a medical detox facility?
We could end up writing a book on this, but we're not going to put you through that. Instead, it all boils down to a few critical points you should address when choosing a detox to go to. The level of experience their staff has, the quality of care, what level of services they can provide, the experiences others have had there, and what they do to make it as comfortable as it can be.
Are you ready to take a step in the right direction? Give us a call at (866) 840-6411 and we'll be more than happy to see what your options are. After all, it's why we're here and we love it when we get the opportunity to change lives for the better. Who wouldn't?
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What Can You Expect From Withdrawal During Your Heroin Detox?
What Qualities Make Up a Good South Orlando Detox Program?
Alcohol Treatment Centers in Florida
Congratulations on taking an important step in building a lasting recovery. When it comes to finding the best Florida alcohol treatment centers, you'll need to take a close look at the facility's programming and treatment options. But how do you know what addiction treatments really work? And what kind of care do you need?
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What Does Alcohol Withdrawal Look Like When It Peaks Around 5 Days?
What Are Some Of The Lessons Learned After 28 Days In Rehab?
What Are the Most Common Inhalants Withdrawal Symptoms to Watch Out For?
How Can Anxiety and Alcohol Withdrawal Negatively Influence Each Other?
How Does a Medical Detox Center Provide Alcohol Withdrawal Treatment?
Is Confusion a Serious Symptom of Alcohol Withdrawal?
Is Alcohol Withdrawal Brain Fog a Sign of Serious Illness?
What Is a Typical Stimulant Withdrawal Treatment to Manage Symptoms?
What Are Some Unusual Withdrawal Symptoms from Stimulants?
What Does a Typical Day Look Like at Just Believe Recovery?
How Do You Cope with Fatigue During Withdrawal from Stimulants?
Can I Get Free Rehab in Orlando if I'm On Welfare?
What Resources Are There to Help with Detoxes in Orlando?
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Can You Undergo Rapid Detox in Orlando to Avoid Missing Work?
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text:
Ödeshög is een Zweedse gemeente in Östergötland. De gemeente behoort tot de provincie Östergötlands län. Ze heeft een totale oppervlakte van 672,1 km² en telde 5520 inwoners in 2004.

Plaatsen

Odeshog


Conferences, comedy, clouds and contracts.
Continuing my attempts to bring Shakespeare into as many posts as I can….
A couple of weeks ago, I presented at the HR Technology Conference in Chicago, the topic being SaaS Contracts: how not to get ripped off. I made an animation to start the presentation, as talking about contracts can be a bit dry.
If the embedded version doesn't behave, watch it here. My goal was to show the naivete of the typical buyer when dealing with a smooth salesperson. In the space of about 2 minutes, the buyer makes at least 9 major blunders. See if you can spot them. It is supposed to be funny, but I'll let you be the judge of that.
A week or so after the event I did a podcast on the Bill Kutik Radio Show, where I go into a bit more detail. Have a listen here. I'm not a lawyer, so this doesn't constitute legal advice, but I'm saddened by the ignorance on the side of the buyer, and the willingness of the seller to exploit that. That is business, I guess.
You pay a great deal too dear for what's given freely.
Also we have a lot of research on how to buy cloud/SaaS solutions. Gartner clients should definitely check out Alexa Bona's research. Whether buying or selling, getting a fair contract is best in the long run.
(I'm very impressed with the Xtranormal tool for animation. I checked with their legal folks on usage, what a pleasure to deal with them).
Author Thomas OtterPosted on October 30, 2012 Categories compliance, Finance related, HR Technology, Law, Law relatedTags cartoon, cloud, contracts, HCM, HR, SaaS, Shakespeare3 Comments on Conferences, comedy, clouds and contracts.
Running, Heisenberg and flight risk.
Readers of this blog will know that I am an avid but plodding cyclist. It gets me away from the desk, and means I can bore for Germany on components, frames, cadence, altitude and the like.
I sometimes run, and recently an old school friend bet me that I couldn't run 10K under 50 minutes by the end of September. Not being one to ignore a challenge, I took him on.
a) my minimalist five fingers running shoes.
f) the right spotify play list.
Measurement has changed running. I know exactly what heart rate to run at and at what pace per minute. It takes me at least 10 minutes to get out the door.
Heisenberg's uncertainty principle is one of the most abused scientific principles, but it applies here. My efforts to measure running has changed my running.
What has this got to do with HR systems?
I have noticed a trend from vendors to include a field called Flight Risk into their talent management systems. I reckon this isn't a good idea.
2. The data to really predict flight risk isn't in the HR system.
3. Telling someone who isn't a a flight risk that the system thinks they are one will make them into one.
4. Managers will react differently to the same data.
5. It will taint other, more accurate results.
To assume you can build an algorithm to predict whether a person is likely to leave their job or not based on the shoddy data in a talent management application is arrogant and irresponsible. Vendors' crude attempts to measure human intentions will create unintended consequences, most of them bad.
Author Thomas OtterPosted on October 3, 2012 Categories SAPTags HR, running., Talent management3 Comments on Running, Heisenberg and flight risk.
What is Germany getting right?
Andrew McAfee recently posted on the dire state of graduate employment in the US. His work on the impact of technology on employment is well worth a read, I reviewed his book here.
Here in little old Germany, the graduate job market is rather different.
Unemployment among graduates in Germany one year after leaving their institution is at 4% and below, compared with a seasonally adjusted national unemployment rate of 5.9%, according to a survey by HIS-HF, a higher education statistics agency.
So what is Germany doing right? Despite Euro doom and gloom talk, the German economic fundamentals are in relatively good shape. Exports are up again, and domestic spending is less anemic than before. But the answer isn't just in the short term economy.
There is a broader HR and societal issue at play too. As a foreigner living in Germany, I have been stuck by the strength of the apprentence culture here, and not just in the traditional trades. It seems to me that the universities and industry work more closely together than in many other countries to produce the sort of graduates that the labour market requires, while still giving space for studying those things that make you a better human being. It is as if there is some sort of social contract between corporations, academia and society. Most organizations have strong graduate recruitment and development programmes. Interns are paid a reasonable cost of living sum, and intern work is aligned with university study. When I worked for that large German software company I co-supervised a masters student, who worked part-time in my department. We then hired her, and she is now a very successful consultant. This model is common throughout German industry, with an especially strong tradition in manufacturing. Have a look at Porsche, for instance.
Building a sustainable workforce requires corporations to focus on the long term development of the workforce, and not merely short termist hiring. German companies often have someone with the job title HR Marketing, and their role is to build a long term employment brand to attract candidates early. Check out the work of Armin Trost for more about this.
It also requires universities to develop programmes that align with the longer term needs of business and society. While US universities dominate the rankings, I'm not sure that they have everything right, if the recent reports from Florida are anything to go by.
Author Thomas OtterPosted on April 24, 2012 Categories Germany, life in generalTags HR, jobs, unemployment, university5 Comments on What is Germany getting right?
LinkedIn and HR Data. A short thought.
LinkedIn has over 100 million users, and a market cap today of over 7 Billion USD. If the market is prepared to give LinkedIn that sort of valuation for what is essentially data that should be in your HRMS, then it tells me that your people data is a lot more valuable than you probably imagine it is. Time to think about employee master data quality….
Author Thomas OtterPosted on June 15, 2011 Categories SAPTags data, HR, linkedin3 Comments on LinkedIn and HR Data. A short thought.
Not just for journos. Poring over data, and a bit of Google's HR practice.
My regular reader(s) will probably know that I'm a fan of the Guardian newspaper and its on-line efforts. It does a fine job with data, both in terms of sourcing it and visualizing it. Have a look at the website and data blog here. I've also ranted about the need for more numeracy in HR on a number of occasions. This post will be more of the same.
Leading newspapers are making effective use of visualization today. As an example, the US treasury bond ownership graphic is far more impactful than a simple listing.
It goes deeper than just a nice graph though, at a recent lecture at Leeds Trinity College, Guardian Data Blog editor Simon Rogers presented with Tim Berners-Lee about data journalism.
Data journalism involves visualising or scrutinising often complex amounts of statistical information.
TBL had this to say.
"Journalists need to be data-savvy. It used to be that you would get stories by chatting to people in bars, and it still might be that you'll do it that way some times.
"But now it's also going to be about poring over data and equipping yourself with the tools to analyse it and picking out what's interesting. And keeping it in perspective, helping people out by really seeing where it all fits together, and what's going on in the country."
It seems to me that most professions could do with a solid dose of data visualization and the accompanying scrutiny. I'm not talking here about expensive tools, but about the love of data, and the joy of finding stuff out, getting stuck into the numbers.
I've given a couple of lectures on HR topics, and I've been hammering home on the analytics topic, but I think next time, I'll bring some more data visualization to the party. I strongly believe that we need to see more focus on data visualization across all areas of business, but the HR department needs serious help.
I was pleased to read that Google came up with its 8 rules of management. At first sight they seem a typical list that one would find in any airport management book, but they are rooted in an empirical study. Google has built its business on analysing data, so it is not surprising that they decided to root around in their own HR data. I do wish more HR departments would fall in love with data.
I think it is possible to be "people-centric" and "data driven" at the same time. Using numbers to inform decisions and drive buy in isn't treasonable.
Author Thomas OtterPosted on March 28, 2011 Categories HR Technology, IT RelatedTags analytics, google, HR1 Comment on Not just for journos. Poring over data, and a bit of Google's HR practice.
(Cross posted on my Gartner blog).
Atlassian is an Australian software vendor, active in the social software and developer tools space. I'll leave the product evaluations to folks like Nikos Drakos, Tom Austin and Jeff Mann but I would like to call them out for something else.
I have been watching the company from afar for a number of years. I've been consistently impressed with how they manage recruitment, and I think a lot of IT departments and larger software companies could learn from what they do.
1. consistent use of twitter, youtube, flickr and blogs to position Atlassian as a cool employer.
2. Posts and video from current employees about working there. No complicated HR speak.
3. Engaging and dynamic careers page. with a strong graduate offering, including international placement, coding festivals etc.
7. Excellent alignment of marketing and employer brand.
8. Effective use of their own software to help manage the process.
I've done a bit of research over the last couple of years on employer branding, and I plan to step it up in 2011. I'll be on the look out for more examples like this.
Dan Pink picked up on Atlassian's "Fed-ex" days in a recent TED talk. You should watch the whole talk. It raises some important challenges for HR and HR technology. What are you doing to attract and motivate your employees?