One of the unique attributes of street railways in Washington was the extensive use of a conduit system to supply power to the cars. This system was used in the old downtown, generally defined as south of Florida Avenue, an east-west artery.
Large cast iron yokes, weighing 350 lbs. each, were spaced every five feet beneath the street. The yokes supported the running rails, as well as the surface "slot" rails in the center of the track. There was a concrete conduit, or trough, located beneath the slot that contained two conductor rails that supplied power to the cars. A large plow was suspended from the truck frame on the streetcar. The plow had two shoes that made contact with the conductor rails.
Photo showing side view of a conduit plow. As shown, the plow traveled left to right in the conduit slot. Electric leads at top plugged into jacks on the underside of the car. The plow rested on angle iron on the truck frame in the notches on either side just below the leads (see below). All photos by Wesley Paulson.
Photo showing plow hanger mounted on Capital 70 truck formerly used on CTCo 1053.
For many years, the goal of acquiring one or more yokes proved difficult for members at the National Capital Trolley Museum. There was early success in the 1970s with the acquisition of a complete turnout from the intersection of 6th Street and Pennsylvania Avenue. The running rails and slot rails were removed in pieces, and the resulting "kit" is stored at the Museum. Unfortunately, no yokes were obtained when the switch was removed.
Occasionally a contractor working in the city would call the Museum to offer track parts. However these usually turned out to be bits and pieces of scrap rail, damaged when the contractor was excavating the tracks. Working on a tight deadline, the contractors used jack hammers to dig out the rail. In doing so, the brittle yokes would crack into pieces that were not of much use as future interpretive objects.
Excavation of former streetcar tracks and conduit on 14th street show that contractors don't usually have time, or motivation, to remove these items intact.
Success finally came in the late 1990s when a contractor working at 4th and T Street, in the northeast section of the city, uncovered and removed from the street a large concrete "box" that completely encased two yokes and a section of the running and slot rails. It was assumed that the box was a vault that collected water draining from the slot as part of the storm drain system. There are no transit company records to tell us otherwise. For the grand sum of $600, the contractor carefully cleared away the concrete walls of the vault and delivered the piece intact to the Museum.
A side view of a preserved set of yokes. Arrows note the location of the running rails and the slot for the plow. The large oval opening in the center of the photo is the space where the power rail was suspended below the slot.
Top view (looking down at street) of preserved cross section of conduit rail showing location of the yokes. Note the rebar that was used to weld the slot closed after the track was taken out of service ca. 1960.
Close inspection revealed several cracks in the yokes, and the slot rail was welded closed at some point using a piece of rebar.
Future plans call for the piece to be installed sitting upright in a new exhibit hall. The Museum owns several plows, and has the remaining trucks from CTCo 1053. With careful planning, the truck may someday sit again on street rails and carry a plow to demonstrate Washington's conduit system.


Our Monteverde Cloud Forest Full Day Tour includes a whirlwind of adventure activities in Costa Rica's world famous cloud forest village! This tour is a 3 hour drive up to Monteverde from Tamarindo.
Hummingbird Garden: Here visitors can observe up to 14 different species of the tiny and lively birds as they amaze you with their spectacularly acrobatic aerial maneuvers.
Hanging Bridges (Sky Walk): These bridges let you observe the cloud forest from a different perspective and allows you to take take in the abundant natural richness of Monteverde and it's plentiful biodiversity.
Town Tour: Tour of the small town of Santa Elena, lunch break and a souvenir shop.
Zip Line Canopy Tour: 11 cables, the longest is 750 metres, highest is 100 metres.. These are the best zip line in Costa Rica right in the middle of the cloud forest!


Get ready to fight the evil vegetables which have infiltrated your personal candy warehouse. It's time to take your soda guns and protect your candy world against the evil vegetables. Be careful and watch the friendly fire! Features: * 20 different arenas * get the full version to play it with up to 4 players via WIFI at the same Hotspot * choose your favorite gun * 2 different control modes (slide and v-pad) * Boosters, Teleports, Speed-Shoes, Shields * bunch of enemies * Easy and fun to play! * Fight the Endboss to get some extra sweet candy. * Delicious levels made by delicious candies!


text:
<?php

namespace ByJG\Authenticate;

use ByJG\AnyDataset\Core\Enum\Relation;
use ByJG\AnyDataset\Core\IteratorFilter;
use ByJG\Authenticate\Definition\UserDefinition;
use ByJG\Authenticate\Definition\UserPropertiesDefinition;
use ByJG\Authenticate\Exception\NotAuthenticatedException;
use ByJG\Authenticate\Exception\UserExistsException;
use ByJG\Authenticate\Exception\UserNotFoundException;
use ByJG\Authenticate\Interfaces\UsersInterface;
use ByJG\Authenticate\Model\UserModel;
use ByJG\Util\JwtWrapper;
use InvalidArgumentException;

/**
 * Base implementation to search and handle users in XMLNuke.
 */
abstract class UsersBase implements UsersInterface
{

    /**
     * @var UserDefinition
     */
    protected $userTable;

    /**
     * @var UserPropertiesDefinition
     */
    protected $propertiesTable;

    /**
     * @return UserDefinition
     * @throws \ByJG\Serializer\Exception\InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function getUserDefinition()
    {
        if ($this->userTable === null) {
            $this->userTable = new UserDefinition();
        }
        return $this->userTable;
    }

    /**
     * @return UserPropertiesDefinition
     */
    public function getUserPropertiesDefinition()
    {
        if ($this->propertiesTable === null) {
            $this->propertiesTable = new UserPropertiesDefinition();
        }
        return $this->propertiesTable;
    }

    /**
     * Save the current UsersAnyDataset
     *
     * @param \ByJG\Authenticate\Model\UserModel $model
     */
    abstract public function save(UserModel $model);

    /**
     * Add new user in database
     *
     * @param string $name
     * @param string $userName
     * @param string $email
     * @param string $password
     * @return void
     * @throws \ByJG\Serializer\Exception\InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function addUser($name, $userName, $email, $password)
    {
        $model = $this->getUserDefinition()->modelInstance();
        $model->setName($name);
        $model->setEmail($email);
        $model->setUsername($userName);
        $model->setPassword($password);

        $this->save($model);
    }

    /**
     * @param UserModel $model
     * @return bool
     * @throws \ByJG\Authenticate\Exception\UserExistsException
     * @throws \ByJG\Serializer\Exception\InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function canAddUser($model)
    {
        if ($this->getByEmail($model->getEmail()) !== null) {
            throw new UserExistsException('Email already exists');
        }
        $filter = new IteratorFilter();
        $filter->addRelation($this->getUserDefinition()->getUsername(), Relation::EQUAL, $model->getUsername());
        if ($this->getUser($filter) !== null) {
            throw new UserExistsException('Username already exists');
        }

        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Get the user based on a filter.
     * Return Row if user was found; null, otherwise
     *
     * @param IteratorFilter $filter Filter to find user
     * @return UserModel
     * */
    abstract public function getUser($filter);

    /**
     * Get the user based on his email.
     * Return Row if user was found; null, otherwise
     *
     * @param string $email
     * @return UserModel
     * @throws \ByJG\Serializer\Exception\InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function getByEmail($email)
    {
        $filter = new IteratorFilter();
        $filter->addRelation($this->getUserDefinition()->getEmail(), Relation::EQUAL, strtolower($email));
        return $this->getUser($filter);
    }

    /**
     * Get the user based on his username.
     * Return Row if user was found; null, otherwise
     *
     * @param $username
     * @return UserModel
     * @throws \ByJG\Serializer\Exception\InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function getByUsername($username)
    {
        $filter = new IteratorFilter();
        $filter->addRelation($this->getUserDefinition()->getUsername(), Relation::EQUAL, $username);
        return $this->getUser($filter);
    }

    /**
     * Get the user based on his login.
     * Return Row if user was found; null, otherwise
     *
     * @param string $login
     * @return UserModel
     * @throws \ByJG\Serializer\Exception\InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function getByLoginField($login)
    {
        $filter = new IteratorFilter();
        $filter->addRelation($this->getUserDefinition()->loginField(), Relation::EQUAL, strtolower($login));

        return $this->getUser($filter);
    }

    /**
     * Get the user based on his id.
     * Return Row if user was found; null, otherwise
     *
     * @param string $userid
     * @return UserModel
     * @throws \ByJG\Serializer\Exception\InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function getById($userid)
    {
        $filter = new IteratorFilter();
        $filter->addRelation($this->getUserDefinition()->getUserid(), Relation::EQUAL, $userid);
        return $this->getUser($filter);
    }

    /**
     * Remove the user based on his login.
     *
     * @param string $login
     * @return bool
     * */
    abstract public function removeByLoginField($login);

    /**
     * Validate if the user and password exists in the file
     * Return Row if user exists; null, otherwise
     *
     * @param string $userName User login
     * @param string $password Plain text password
     * @return UserModel
     * @throws \ByJG\Serializer\Exception\InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function isValidUser($userName, $password)
    {
        $filter = new IteratorFilter();
        $passwordGenerator = $this->getUserDefinition()->getClosureForUpdate('password');
        $filter->addRelation($this->getUserDefinition()->loginField(), Relation::EQUAL, strtolower($userName));
        $filter->addRelation(
            $this->getUserDefinition()->getPassword(),
            Relation::EQUAL,
            $passwordGenerator($password, null)
        );
        return $this->getUser($filter);
    }

    /**
     * Check if the user have a property and it have a specific value.
     * Return True if have rights; false, otherwise
     *
     * @param mixed $userId User identification
     * @param string $propertyName
     * @param string $value Property value
     * @return bool
     * @throws \ByJG\Authenticate\Exception\UserNotFoundException
     * @throws \ByJG\Serializer\Exception\InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function hasProperty($userId, $propertyName, $value = null)
    {
        //anydataset.Row
        $user = $this->getById($userId);

        if (empty($user)) {
            return false;
        }

        if ($this->isAdmin($userId)) {
            return true;
        }

        $values = $user->get($propertyName);
        return ($values !== null ? in_array($value, (array)$values) : false);
    }

    /**
     * Return all sites from a specific user
     * Return String vector with all sites
     *
     * @param string $userId User ID
     * @param string $propertyName Property name
     * @return array
     * @throws \ByJG\Authenticate\Exception\UserNotFoundException
     * @throws \ByJG\Serializer\Exception\InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function getProperty($userId, $propertyName)
    {
        //anydataset.Row
        $user = $this->getById($userId);
        if ($user !== null) {
            $values = $user->get($propertyName);

            if ($this->isAdmin($userId)) {
                return array("admin" => "admin");
            }

            return $values;
        }

        return null;
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param int $userId
     * @param string $propertyName
     * @param string $value
     */
    abstract public function addProperty($userId, $propertyName, $value);

    /**
     * Remove a specific site from user
     * Return True or false
     *
     * @param int $userId User login
     * @param string $propertyName Property name
     * @param string $value Property value with a site
     * @return bool
     * */
    abstract public function removeProperty($userId, $propertyName, $value = null);

    /**
     * Remove a specific site from all users
     * Return True or false
     *
     * @param string $propertyName Property name
     * @param string $value Property value with a site
     * @return bool
     * */
    abstract public function removeAllProperties($propertyName, $value = null);

    /**
     * @param int|string $userId
     * @return bool
     * @throws \ByJG\Authenticate\Exception\UserNotFoundException
     * @throws \ByJG\Serializer\Exception\InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function isAdmin($userId)
    {
        $user = $this->getById($userId);

        if (is_null($user)) {
            throw new UserNotFoundException("Cannot find the user");
        }

        return
            preg_match('/^(yes|YES|[yY]|true|TRUE|[tT]|1|[sS])$/', $user->getAdmin()) === 1
        ;
    }

    /**
     * Authenticate a user and create a token if it is valid
     *
     * @param string $login
     * @param string $password
     * @param JwtWrapper $jwtWrapper
     * @param int $expires
     * @param array $updateUserInfo
     * @param array $updateTokenInfo
     * @return string the TOKEN or false if dont.
     * @throws UserNotFoundException
     * @throws \ByJG\Serializer\Exception\InvalidArgumentException
     */
    public function createAuthToken(
        $login,
        $password,
        $jwtWrapper,
        $expires = 1200,
        $updateUserInfo = [],
        $updateTokenInfo = []
    ) {
        if (!isset($login) || !isset($password)) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException('Neither username or password can be empty!');
        }

        $user = $this->isValidUser($login, $password);
        if (is_null($user)) {
            throw new UserNotFoundException('User not found');
        }

        foreach ($updateUserInfo as $key => $value) {
            $user->set($key, $value);
        }

        $updateTokenInfo['login'] = $login;
        $updateTokenInfo['userid'] = $user->getUserid();
        $jwtData = $jwtWrapper->createJwtData(
            $updateTokenInfo,
            $expires
        );

        $token = $jwtWrapper->generateToken($jwtData);

        $user->set('TOKEN_HASH', sha1($token));
        $this->save($user);

        return $token;
    }

    /**
     * Check if the Auth Token is valid
     *
     * @param string $login
     * @param JwtWrapper $jwtWrapper
     * @param string $token
     * @return array
     * @throws NotAuthenticatedException
     * @throws UserNotFoundException
     * @throws \ByJG\Serializer\Exception\InvalidArgumentException
     * @throws \ByJG\Util\JwtWrapperException
     */
    public function isValidToken($login, $jwtWrapper, $token)
    {
        $user = $this->getByLoginField($login);

        if (is_null($user)) {
            throw new UserNotFoundException('User not found!');
        }

        if ($user->get('TOKEN_HASH') !== sha1($token)) {
            throw new NotAuthenticatedException('Token does not match');
        }

        $data = $jwtWrapper->extractData($token);

        $this->save($user);

        return [
            'user' => $user,
            'data' => $data->data
        ];
    }

    /**
     * @param $userid
     */
    abstract public function removeUserById($userid);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Contest / Promotion
Orchard Tower murder case accused who discarded bloody shirt gets 5 months jail
Samsung Galaxy S21 Ultra 5G – Full device Specifications, Accessories, Price, and Availability
[MARK THE DATE] Get 100% cashback on any McDonald's Extra Value Meal this 18 January – here's how
BHG Singapore to open new concept store "ONE ASSEMBLY" at levels 1 and 2 of Raffles City by end of January 2021
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돈의 맛
간통을 기다리는 남자
[Movie Review] 12 Years a Slave
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12 Years a Slave is a 2013 British-American epic historical drama film and an adaptation of the eponymous 1853 autobiography by Solomon Northup, a New York State-born free negro who was kidnapped in Washington, D.C. in 1841 and sold into slavery. He worked on plantations in the state of Louisiana for twelve years before his release.
The film will be showing in Singapore cinemas from 19 December (tomorrow). I caught the preview screening last week.
Bratt Pitt and Benedict Cumberbatch (better known as Sherlock from the Sherlock TV series) both have brief roles in the movie.
In the pre-Civil War United States, Solomon Northup (Chiwetel Ejiofor), a free black man from upstate New York, is abducted and sold into slavery. Facing cruelty (personified by a malevolent slave owner, portrayed by Michael Fassbender) as well as unexpected kindnesses, Solomon struggles not only to stay alive, but to retain his dignity. In the twelfth year of his unforgettable odyssey, Solomon's chance meeting with a Canadian abolitionist (Brad Pitt) forever alters his life.
12 Years a Slave received universal acclaim by critics and audiences, for its acting, Steve McQueen's direction, screenplay, production values, and its faithfulness to Solomon Northup's account.
I am in agreement with critics that it is a very powerful movie, forcefully bringing out the evils of slavery in a subdued, everyday narrative, making it all the more real.
The story did not have a happy ending from my point of view. Yes, Northup was rescued in the end, but we know there are many others in history who didn't and we also know slavery still exists in our modern world.
I left the theatre feeling bitter about the world we live in where a human life can be treated like nothing if one was deemed as a "property".
I need to watch Quentin Tarentino's Django Unchained again to indulge in a fictitious world where justice is served and slavers are punished.
12 Years A Slave is a recommended watch. It is one of the best movie I have seen in 2013. However, be prepared to deal with some really heavy themes on humanity, slavery and the importance of freedom.
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Komaneko – The Curious Cat
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[Movie Review] Brad Pitt is so Alone in Ad Astra (2019), but it brings out the Realism in Space Travel
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Foto stock / Imagem vetorial: Caucasiano · construtor · trabalhando · jovem · em · pé / Caucasian surveyor builder holding clippboard and working with theodolite. Young surveyor standing near theodolite transit equipment. Vector flat design illustration isolated on white background.
Online desde October 19, 2017.


text:
Linnaeus NG Wiki : Multi-entryKey
Multi-access key
A multi-access key is a multiple-entry key based on a matrix of "objects" (species and other taxa) and character states. The matrix defines each object as a series of character states. For example, the definition for an object with green eyes and four legs would contain the state "green" for the character "eyes," and the state 4 for the character "number of legs."
This module has been designed to allow for multiple identification files for each taxonomic group. Thus, you could create one matrix file for basic taxonomic descriptions, one for ecological characteristics, and one for morphologic or structural information. Or it could be useful to create one matrix file for characters as seen in preserved specimens, and another for fresh specimens.
You can also create a tree-shaped hierarchy of matrix files – a "master" file with a general key for your group, leading to several other files with more detailed keys of subgroups.
When first using this module you have to create a new matrix. When there is more then one matrix in the project and you want to go to another matrix available in the project click "select another matrix".
Edit matrix
When the Multi-access key module first opens you have to create a new matrix. When there is more than one matrix in the project you can jump to another one by clicking "select another matrix".
The characters are shown in the upper left field.
To add one or more characters to the matrix, click "add new".
To edit or delete a character select the character you want to edit and click "edit/ delete selected".
A character's type is shown between brackets () to the right of its name.
You can change the order of the characters by selecting "sort characters".
You can group some characters, like all the characters dealing with the wings, the eyes, etc. To do so, click "edit character groups", create a new group, drag the characters you want to be part of this group and click save. In the web-interface (front-end) these characters will be grouped.
The states of the selected character are shown in the bottom left field.
To add a state, first select the character where you want to add the new state to, then click "add new for..."
To edit or delete a state select the state you want to edit and click "edit/ delete selected".
You can change the order of the states by selecting "sort states"
The taxa are shown in the upper right field.
All taxa in the current matrix file are listed. You can add taxa by clicking on "add new taxon" or remove taxa by clicking on "remove selected taxon".
You define a taxon by linking character states to it. First select a taxon, then a character, then select the state you want to link to the selected taxon. Click "add new" at the bottom of the "taxon states" window (bottom right). The linked states of the selected character and taxon are shown in the "taxon states" window.
To delete a link from a taxon select the state in the "taxon states" window and click "delete selected".
To see an overview of all character states linked to the selected taxon click "display current links per taxon & other matrices".
New character
Start by giving a name for the character in both the "Internal name" and the "English name" field (or any language available in the project). Then choose a "Character type" from the pop-up list. The following types are available:
• text: a textual description.
• media: for states where an image will be attached
• range: a value range, defined by a lowest and a highest value.
• distribution: a value distribution, defined by a mean and values for one and two standard deviations.
Instead, you can also use an existing character from one of the other matrices (if present). To do so, select the name from the pop-up list on the bottom of this page and click "use".
Click "save" before leaving this page. The character is added to the bottom of the list of characters (sorted in entry order). You can later change the order of the characters.
Editing character
On this page you can change the name and the type of a character or delete a character. However, you cannot change the character type of a range character, and you cannot change a text or media character to a range character. And, if you change the type of a media character, its states will no longer be linked to any media files.
On this page you can add a new state to a character.
• For a text-character: enter the name and text of the new state.
• For a media-character: enter the name and upload/attach a media file for to the new state.
• For a range-character: enter the name and lower and upper limit (inclusive) of the new state.
• For a distribution-character: enter the name, mean and standard deviation of the new state.
When finished click "save and return to matrix" or "save and add another state for "…". The new state will now be added to the bottom of the list. You can later change the order of the states.
Editing state
On this page you can change the name and data of a state or delete a state. To change the media for a media state you first have to click "delete image" to detach the current media, after that you attach a new media item. When finished click "save and return to matrix" or "save and add another state for "…".
Editing matrix: sort characters
On this page you can change the order of the characters. Drag and drop to sort, click 'save' to store the new order.
Editing matrix: sort states
On this page you can change the order of the states. Drag and drop to sort, click 'save' to store the new order.
You also can sort "alphabetically" or "numerically" by clicking these options. Sorted this way the new order is saved automatically.
Adding taxa
On this page you can add taxa to the multi-access key. Select the taxa you want to add from the list "Taxon to add". With shift you can select more than one taxon at a time. After selecting click "save and return to matrix" or "save and add another taxon".
Taxon-state links
On this page you can examine taxon-state links in the matrix. To do so select a taxon from the list "select a taxon". You now get a list of all the characters and states which are linked to the selected taxon.
Available matrices: matrices present in the project
Create a new matrix: to create a new matrix
Taxon relations: To activate the "similar species" icon in the front end
Define ranks that can appear in key
On this page you see a list of matrices that are currently defined. To edit a matrix' name, click "edit name". To edit the actual matrix, click its name. To set as default, click "set as default". In the list the default matrix has an * behind its name.
On this page you can edit the Internal name, the Dutch name and the English name of a matrix (or any language available in the project). After editing click "save".
New matrix
On this page you can create a new matrix. Enter an Internal name, a Dutch name and English name (or any language available in the project). After editing click "save".
Taxon ranks in key
On this page you can define the ranks that can be part of the key.
The taxa that are of a rank below the red line in the list are available in the key. To change the selection, move the red line up or down by clicking the ↑ and ↓ arrows. To include all ranks, move the line to the top of the list, above the first rank. As at least one rank is required to be included, the line cannot be moved below the lowest rank. When you are satisfied with your selection, click the save-button.
Please note that changing this setting will not detach any taxa already attached to an end-point of the key. Taxa that have a rank that is no longer part of the selection will remain connected to the key, until you manually detach them.
Be aware that the setting you choose here will also apply for the Single-access key.
Taxon relations
Select a taxon which you want to relate to another taxon. After you have selected a taxon a list of other taxa appears. By clicking the + behind a name you can link taxa. This activates the "similar species" icon in the web-interface (front-end).


text:
An Appeal to Heaven! adam medeiros
Medeiros For Congress
Medeiros For CongressMedeiros For CongressMedeiros For Congress
Donate/Contact
Join our movement now!
Join our movement now! Join our movement now! Join our movement now!
Help us campaign today for a better tomorrow!
...are inalienable rights that extend from the unborn to the elderly, I will do my best to be a voice for the voiceless.
Adam T. Medeiros
My name is Adam Medeiros, and I am running for California's 22nd Congressional District. I am here to represent you in Washington DC.
I'm a representative that will support your ideas, fight for the needs of your community, and earn your respect. For someone that truly cares for your community, look no further.
A vote for Adam is a vote for you & your children's tomorrow
Team Medeiros
Old Fresno Court House
The Fight for America!
Fresno State BBQ
I was privileged to stand alongside Lorna Roush, the California Women for Agriculture at the Boosters BBQ for Fresno State's Ag Science department. She was recently named the 2021 Woman of the Year.
If we join together and make our voices heard, we can fight for the change we want to see!
DaysDays
HrsHours
MinsMinutes
SecsSeconds
Voting serves all of us. Thank you for your commitment.
Values you believe in...
Get Involved - Team Medeiros
United By A Common Goal
Adam Medeiros has been part of this community for many years, working tirelessly to make it a better place.
He has been an active member, volunteer, and business owner in Hanford for nearly 40 years and is currently serving his first term on the Kings County Board of Education.
Prior to his election in 2018, Adam held a board position at
Prior to his election in 2018, Adam held a board position at Kings River-Hardwick Union School District. During his ten years with Kings River-Hardwick, the school has been a California Honor Roll School every year since 2014 and recently received the California Gold Ribbon Award.
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Adam has been a volunteer with the youth in the Jr. High ministry for decades, as well as being a mentor at Juvenile Hall and the California Youth Authority.
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Adam and his wife Amy have three (3) adult children and seven (7) grandchildren.
Adam Medeiros knows that we all share a common goal to improve the quality of life here in the San Joaquin Valley and believes he can help make that happen. That's why he's running for this position. Help him help you.
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Hawaii Land Use Law and Policy
Exploring the Intersection of Land Use Law, Policy, and Practice in Hawaii
Is the Federal Government's Ambitious Proposal to Expand the Whale Sanctuary the Right Answer?
There are many iconic images of Hawaii, and near the top of that list is the endangered Humpback whale breaching in Hawaii's waters during its seasonal migration.
Source: Pacific Whale Foundation
The Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary, was created by Congress in 1992, and approved by Hawaii's governor. The purpose of the Sanctuary is to protect humpback whales in Hawaii. It is administered by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), under the U.S. Department of Commerce. The Sanctuary currently encompasses 1,400 square miles, including the channel between the populated islands of Maui, Lanai, and Molokai.
The current Sanctuary model seems to be working. NOAA research finds that "Humpbacks are increasing in abundance in much of their range." Even with its success, the Sanctuary remains relevant. As the population of whales increases, human-whale interactions increase.
NOAA is proposing an expansion of the Sanctuary. The proposal includes expanding the federal government's regulatory oversight of uses and activities (e.g., fishing, energy, recreation, commerce, etc.) within the expanded Sanctuary boundaries. The proposal departs from the Sanctuary's purpose of protecting humpback whales that seasonally migrate to Hawaii and expands to regulating all species and habitat within its boundaries.
This additional regulatory oversight would add to existing federal regulatory requirements such as the Marine Mammal Protection Act, Migratory Bird Treaty Act, Endangered Species Act, Magnuson–Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, Clean Water Act, and Coastal Zone Management Act, just to name a few. The proposed expansion also contemplates including state waters, which are currently managed under existing local and state regulations administered by state agencies such as the Department of Land and Natural Resources, Office of Planning, and Department of Health.
Source: Hawaii Humpback Whale Sanctuary
Depending on the kind of activity proposed in Hawaii's waters, additional regulation by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) might also come into play. Most all of these existing regulations require an environmental assessment, and in most cases, an environmental impact statement under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and the Hawaii Environmental Policy Act (HEPA).
On January 18, 2011, President Obama released Executive Order 13563, Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review. The "general principles" of the regulation sums up the policy best,
Our regulatory system must protect public health, welfare, safety, and our environment while promoting economic growth, innovation, competitiveness, and job creation. It must be based on the best available science. It must allow for public participation and an open exchange of ideas. It must promote predictability and reduce uncertainty. It must identify and use the best, most innovative, and least burdensome tools for achieving regulatory ends. It must take into account benefits and costs, both quantitative and qualitative. It must ensure that regulations are accessible, consistent, written in plain language, and easy to understand. It must measure, and seek to improve, the actual results of regulatory requirements.
Is the Sanctuary proposal consistent with the President's executive order? Some might argue that adding another layer of federal regulations over proposed ocean uses in Hawaii waters does not promote "economic growth, innovation, competitiveness, and job creation."
Given the Sanctuary's success and existing state and federal environmental regulations, does the Sanctuary's expansive proposal apply the "least burdensome tools for achieving regulatory ends"? Section 4 of the President's Executive Order, entitled "Flexible Approaches," provides:
Where relevant, feasible, and consistent with regulatory objectives, and to the extent permitted by law, each agency shall identify and consider regulatory approaches that reduce burdens and maintain flexibility and freedom of choice for the public. These approaches include warnings, appropriate default rules, and disclosure requirements as well as provision of information to the public in a form that is clear and intelligible.
Besides the expanded jurisdiction and regulatory authority proposed, are there other "regulatory approaches that reduce burdens and maintain flexibility and freedom of choice for the public"?
The Sanctuary's proposal is in the last stages of the federal approval process. NOAA is accepting comments on its proposal. The deadline for public comments is June 19, 2015. Several public hearings will be scheduled in Hawaii starting on April 27, 2015. The full schedule is available at http://www.regulations.gov/index.jsp#!documentDetail;D=NOAA-NOS-2015-0028-0002.
Ultimately, any expansion into state waters must be approved by the governor.
Posted by Hawaii Land Use Law and Policy at Friday, March 27, 2015
Labels: Administrative Law, Agency Enforcement, Coastal and Marine Resources, Endangered Species Act, Energy
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Houègamey è un arrondissement del Benin situato nella città di Djakotomey (dipartimento di Kouffo) con 12.079 abitanti (dato 2006).

Note

Arrondissement del Benin

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Turtle Float Error while using dot() vs stamp() While using this function, I don't get the error -

    # Dot poulator
    def dotPlot( x, y, z):
        dots = 0
        goto((-z+pad),(z-pad))
        while x > 0:
            a = randrange((-z+pad),(z-pad), 1)
            b = randrange((-z+pad),(z-pad), 1)
            penup()
            goto(a,b)
            pendown()
            stamp()
            x -= 1

but when I change the function to make a dot instead of a stamp, I get a float error.

    # Dot poulator
    def dotPlot( x, y, z):
        dots = 0
        goto((-z+pad),(z-pad))
        while x > 0:
            a = randrange((-z+pad),(z-pad), 1)
            b = randrange((-z+pad),(z-pad), 1)
            penup()
            goto(a,b)
            pendown()
            dot()
            x -= 1

Error details:

    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File ".py", line 136, in <module>
        dotPlot(res, min, max)
      File ".py", line 115, in dotPlot
        dot()
    TypeError: 'float' object is not callable

A: Wrapped with sufficient code, a call to your dotPlot() of the form:
dotPlot(100, None, 20)

works fine for me.  My guess is you have a variable called dot whose name is conflicting with the turtle function dot().  If so, kick yourself for using a wildcard import.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Speaking about the new offering, the band's Theo Hutchcraft said, "'Voices' is a song about isolation, desperation and mania. It's also about fortitude, resilience and the power of the mind. It was written during a personal crisis and is being released into the world during a very public one. Hopefully it can provide some hope and catharsis to anyone who is struggling with their own demons."
Have a listen to 'Voices' in the player below.
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Farrah Abraham Height, Age, Wiki, Bio, Net Worth, Facts
By Jag Last updated May 31, 2019
Who is Farrah Abraham?
The American television industry has created a huge impact on the lives of Americans for several decades which has produced numerous stars to this date. It is obvious that America is acclaimed for having lots of reality shows than any other country in the world, and of course, several of them have a massive fan following. One among such reality shows was MTV series, 16 and Pregnant through which this American TV personality, Farrah Abraham achieved a huge amount of popularity. Over the years, she has been cast in several shows like Teen Mom, Couple Therapy and Marriage Boot Camp: Reality Stars Family Edition.
Farrah Abraham was born on the 31st of May 1991, in Council Bluffs, Iowa, United States of America. She is currently 28 years old.
Birth Name Farrah Lynn Abraham
Nickname Backdoor Farrah
Date of Birth May 31, 1991
Place of Birth Council Bluffs, Iowa, U.S.
Sun Sign Gemini
Profession Television Personality, Author, Singer
Ethnicity Mixed
Religion Christianity
Family and Education
Speaking about Abraham's childhood and parents, she is the daughter of Michael Abraham and Debra Danielson. She has a sister named Ashley Danielson. Her mother is also a reality TV star who has appeared on reality shows like MTV's 16 & Pregnant and Teen Mom. Her ancestry traces back to Syrian and Italian descent on her biological father's side while her mother has Debra Danish and Sicilian roots. She has a step-father through her mother's remarriage in 2017.
Farrah Abraham attended Council Bluffs Thomas Jefferson High School. She, then, furthered her studies at a community college but dropped out following her pregnancy rumor outspread like wildfire. In 2011, she enrolled at the Arts Institute of Fort Lauderdale from where she graduated with a degree in culinary arts.
Farrah Abraham Love Life
Farrah Abraham dated Derek Underwood in 2006 who died in a car accident on December 28, 2008. She was 8 months pregnant at the time of ex-boyfriend's death and gave birth to her daughter Sophia Laurent Abraham on February 23, 2009.
Thereafter, she has had dated many stars including Daniel Alvarez, James Deen, Simon Daran, and Aden Stay.
Meters – 1.7 m
Body Measurements 37-25-35
Body Shape Hourglass
Shoe Size 8.5 (US) / 4 39 (EU)
Dress Size 4 (US) / 34 (EU)
Distinctive Features Large Breasts
Curvaceous Body
Farrah Abraham released her first studio album, "My Teenage Dream Ended", on August 1, 2012. Her first single Blowin was released in 2014.
She starred in an adult film, Farrah Superstar: Backdoor Teen Mom alongside adult film star James Deen released in 2013.
Television Debut
Farrah made her first television appearance as host in the episode #2 of season 1 in MTV's series 16 and Pregnant in 209.
Brand Endorsements
Mom and Me Premium Italian Hot Pepper Sauce, Seasonal Beauty Kits, and many others.
Farrah Abraham Net Worth
Abraham has an estimated net worth of $1 million. She made a huge deal of money from reality shows and her sex tapes earned her $1.5 million dollars.
Farrah Abraham on Social Media
Facebook – FarrahAbrahamOfficial
Instagram – farrah__abraham
Twitter – F1abraham
Snapchat – @farrahabraham1
Farrah Abraham Facts
In 2012, she published her first memoir entitled "My Teenage Dream Ended" which earned a spot in The New York Times Best Seller list.
That same year, she released her debut album of the same name which received mixed reviews from critics.
She used to be cheerleader during her high school.
Farrah has released two adult films to this date namely, Farrah Superstar: Backdoor Teen Mom, and Farrah 2: Backdoor.
She launched her own pasta line called Mom & Me.
Farrah has appeared on The Doctors, Botched, Comedy Underground with Dave Attell, and The Playboy Morning Show.
She was arrested in March 2013 for driving under the influence of alcohol.
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The Supreme Court's Recent Patent Decisions from the Perspective of a New IP Associate
by: Ming Shui, MTTLR Alum
The state of patent law today has significantly changed in the two years since I graduated from law school. In fact, the changes are such that I would estimate that around half of what was taught in my patent classes is no longer good law.
Beginning in 2006 with eBay v. MercExchange,1 the Supreme Court has heard and agreed to hear a significant number of patent cases relative to recent years. eBay signaled that the Court was beginning to push back against what some would argue as too many patent-friendly decisions coming from the Federal Circuit which were beginning to stifle rather than spur innovation.
eBay was found to be infringing a patent held by MercExchange. MercExchange sought to enjoin eBay from using its product. Under the Federal Circuit doctrine prevailing at the time, an injunction was virtually guaranteed once infringement was found. The Supreme Court in eBay, however, held that courts should consider the traditional four-factor test for issuance of an injunction, and should not issue injunctions automatically.
The result is that patent holders potentially lose one of the most powerful weapons they have against infringers -- the ability to exclude. Whether this is a good result is debatable, and there are many good arguments for each side that I will not repeat here. But the effect has been that although in most cases the injunction still issues, the District Courts have greater flexibility to decide whether to issue injunctions in specific cases.
In KSR v. Teleflex,2 the Supreme Court weighed in on one of the most litigated areas in patent law: obviousness. The issue in obviousness is whether a person of ordinary skill in the art (POSITA) would have found the patented invention to be obvious. The Federal Circuit for many years used a test commonly referred to as teaching/suggestion/motivation (T/S/M) to determine if an invention that combines two or more items is obvious. The T/S/M test asks if there is some teaching, suggestion, or motivation in the prior art to combine those two items. If yes, then the invention is obvious.
The Supreme Court held in KSR that the Federal Circuit's rigid application of the T/S/M test, which Justice Scalia referred to as "gobbledygook",3 is inconsistent with the Court's holding in Graham v. John Deere.4 The Court essentially invalidated the T/S/M test and held that courts should follow Graham's "expansive and flexible framework" in determining if an invention is obvious. The "expansive and flexible framework" leaves a lot of room for lower courts to develop new tests and standards for determining obviousness. Where it will end up, nobody is exactly sure. However, one thing is clear: since KSR, a lot more patents have been found to be invalid for obviousness.
The court has also accepted for this term Quanta Computer v. LG Electronics,5 a case that questions whether a patent holder can seek royalty fees from more than one company in the supply chain that uses the patented product. This has the potential for profound impact on the possible damages in a patent case. The basic facts are LG licensed to Intel the right to produce and sell the patented chip. But license agreement Intel has with LG only authorizes Intel to combine the chips with other Intel products. Quanta uses the chip and combines it with non-Intel products. Can LG sue Quanta for infringement damages?
This was argued under the exhaustion doctrine at the Federal Circuit which is similar to the first sale doctrine in copyright law. The textbook example is if you buy a book, you are then free to resell the book to someone else without having to pay the copyright owner royalties for your sale of the book. The District Court found there to be an exhausting sale. The Federal Circuit reversed. Oral arguments are scheduled for January 16, 2008.
Finally the USPTO recently made final several changes to the way patents are prosecuted.6 Some notable changes include: an applicant may only make one request for continued examination after a final rejection, an applicant is limited to two continuing applications, and an applicant is limited to 5 independent and 25 claims total. These changes were to take effect on November 1, 2007. However, the United District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia issued an injunction on October 31, 2007 barring implementation of the rule changes.7
These cases and rule changes will have a profound effect on how patents are prosecuted, defended, and sold for the foreseeable future as practitioners adjust to the new framework the lower courts and USPTO will establish over the next few years.8
1 eBay Inc. v. MercExchange, L.L.C., 126 S. Ct. 1837 (2007).
2 KSR v. Teleflex, 127 S. Ct. 1727 (2007).
3 Transcript of Oral Argument at 41, KSR v. Teleflex, 127 S. Ct. 1727 (2007).
4 Graham v. John Deere Co., 383 U.S. 1 (1966).
5 Quanta Computer, Inc., et al. v. LG Electronics, Inc., 453 F.3d 1364 (Fed. Cir. 2006), cert. granted, 128 S. Ct. 28 (Sept. 25, 2007) (No. 06-937).
6 See Department of Commerce, Patent and Trademark Office, Changes to Practice for Continued Examination Filings, Patent Applications Containing Patentably Indistinct Claims, and Examination of Claims in Patent Applications: Final Rule (Aug. 21, 2007).
7 Tafas v. Dudas, No. 1:07cv846 (JCC), (E.D. Va. Oct. 31, 2007).
8 Microsoft v. AT&T, 550 U.S. ___, is another interesting patent case that the Supreme Court decided in 2007. While the issues and holding are important, they are less relevant to general day-to-day patent practice and so I'll simply mention that this is another case to explore if interested.
Labels: federal circuit, legal practice, legal reform, patent
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text:
Q: Java: Replace multiple strings in a file and write it to a output file I have a input file inputfile.txt with follwoing 3 lines:
REPLACE_STRING_1 is karthik
REPLACE_STRING_2 is 21
REPLACE_STRING_3 is chennai

I need to replace the replace_strings with different values and write the contents to a new file. But with the below code, I end up having 3 sets of same lines in the new file. How can I fix this? I want the final output to look like this:
name is karthik
age is 21
city is chennai

Here is my code:
try {
    File file = new File("inputfile.txt");
    BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));
    String line = "", oldtext = "";
    while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
        oldtext += line + "\r\n";
    }
    reader.close();

    String ReplaceVar1 = oldtext.replaceAll("REPLACE_STRING_1", "name");
    String ReplaceVar2 = oldtext.replaceAll("REPLACE_STRING_2", "age");
    String ReplaceVar3 = oldtext.replaceAll("REPLACE_STRING_3", "city");

    // Write updated record to a file
    FileWriter writer = new FileWriter("outputfile.txt");
    writer.write(ReplaceVar1 + ReplaceVar2 + ReplaceVar3);
    writer.close();
} catch (IOException ioe) {
    ioe.printStackTrace();
}

I appreciate any help with this.

A: You should change the new text and print only the last result.
String result = oldtext.replaceAll("REPLACE_STRING_1", "name")
                       .replaceAll("REPLACE_STRING_2", "age")
                       .replaceAll("REPLACE_STRING_3", "city");

Note that String is immutable and replaceAll returns the whole text, with the desired change.

A: try {
    File file = new File("inputfile.txt");
    BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));
    String line = "", oldtext = "";
    while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
        oldtext += line + "\r\n";
    }
    reader.close();

    System.out.println("Running ReplaceText");
    // replace a word in a file
    // REPLACE_STRING_1TENANT_ID REPLACE_STRING_1SOURCE_IP REPLACE_STRING_1USER_NAME REPLACE_STRING_1TARGET_HOSTNAME REPLACE_STRING_1MBODY_TIME
    String newText = oldtext.replaceAll("REPLACE_STRING_1", "name");
    newText = newText.replaceAll("REPLACE_STRING_2", "age");
    newText = newText.replaceAll("REPLACE_STRING_3", "city");

    // Write updated record to a file
    FileWriter writer = new FileWriter("outputfile.txt");
    writer.write(newText);
    writer.close();
} catch (IOException ioe) {
    ioe.printStackTrace();
}

I have tested this it giving me the proper output
-MacBook-Pro-2:Desktop john$ cat outputfile.txt
name is karthik
age is 21
city is chennai


text:
September 2018 – upcoming London experimental gigs – Merlin Nova, Bell Lungs and Inchindown at the Horse Hospital (21st September)
There's an interesting show coming up at the Horse Hospital in Bloomsbury next week. A wilder, more countercultural echo of the ICA, and clinging onto the fringes of the university district and the gentrification around the Brunswick Centre, the place mostly features transgressive films, performance art and sundry esoterica, but it's always worth keeping an eye on their music schedule. This particular gig is musical fringework: weird and beautiful urban and rural atmospherics, vocal hauntings, transformations of places and times, acoustic folk and electronic noise.
Am hurrying off to do something else right now, but I'll just give you the press release before I go…
"The Horse Hospital presents a night of expanded musical performance spanning adventures in sound, pop theatrics and psychedelia with Merlin Nova, Bell Lungs and Inchindown.
"Merlin Nova is sound, song and movement. Ecstatic energy blast. Clear-cut. Quick fix. Immediate. Set scene sound. Landscape, temperature and feeling. Here with you, together.
"Her debut EP, 'Protect Your Flame', celebrates determination and life, a vast and colourful human emotional landscape that explores sounds ability to excite visualisation. Each track is a scene to exist within. Vocal delivery, stripped back instrumentation and use of sound effects convey a state of being as efficient as possible. This way of making music evolved out of her weekly radio show Nova Waves, which broadcasted from Subcity Radio: on the show Merlin would create music, soundscapes and use sound effects to build imagined worlds. It was not until she was asked to DJ at Subcity's 20th Birthday Exhibition, 'pure radio sex', that she chose to combine her own soundscapes, poetry and song – thus beginning the assemblage of this music.
"Bell Lungs is a one-woman band from Scotland, where she's been building an excellent live reputation and carving out her unique post-folk sound using layered vocals, electric violin, guitar, tuned percussion, field recordings and effects pedals since 2016. Her music is atmospheric; a shifting soundscape incorporating snippets of songs with field recordings to create inherently transcendental experiences, musing upon rural idylls, post-industrial heartlands and online culture infused with psychedelic, drone, improvisational, jazz, dream pop and folk elements.
"Inchindown is a collaboration between Tim Garratt (Moon Zero) & Matthew Heywood (Bruised Skies), whose self-titled debut album Inchindown is released by Blank Editions. Their self-titled debut album portrays a powerfully mournful, but beautifully stark work. The soundtrack to walking through a storm of ash, only to realise that the city is on fire and viewing this incredible spectacle from afar. It is a dark, yet somehow hopeful record and a focussed collaboration that expands upon their ambient solo work. Although named after a small industrial town in Scotland, the record grounds itself to their hometown of Hackney. The three-part 'Ridley Road', with its waves of distorted bass, metallic synths and detuned vocals could be heard as a tone poem for the rapid gentrification that threatens to engulf the historic market street, before authentic field recordings remind us of what we stand to lose."
Merlin Nova + Bell Lungs + Inchindown
The Horse Hospital, Colonnade, WC1N1 London, United Kingdom
Friday 21st September 2018, 7.00pm – information here and here
Tags: Bell Lungs, Bruised Skies, Inchindown, listening to women, London (England), Matthew Heywood, Merlin Nova, Moon Zero, Tim Garratt
Categories 2018, a capella, ambient music, dance performances, DIY music, drone music, electro-acoustic folk, electro-acoustic music, electronic, electronica, experimental music, field recordings, folk music, folktronica, freaktronica, instrumental music, loop music, New Music, noise, performance art, plunderphonics, previews, psychedelic ambient music, psychedelic folk, sound collage, vocal music
← September 2018 – upcoming London folk gigs – Nest Collective's Campfire Club shows, part 2 – Jim Causley and Saskia Maxwell (15th September); The Hut People and Danny Peddler & Rosie Butler-Hall (21st September); Kit Hawes & Aaron Catlow and Jake Morley (28th September)
September 2018 – upcoming London experimental gigs – eight for WITCiH's 'The State of Gender?' festival (26th to 28th September) – Bishi, Chagall, Miri Kat, Di Mainstone, Lia Mice, Vicky O'Neon, Rebekah Ubuntu and Gazelle Twin →


2016 is off to a crazy start.
It began with a quick set in Sebastopol CA just after the holidays. Immediately after that it was a quick stop home, then off to Los Angeles for the NAMM show. My favorite mass event to attend. Its like a Guitar Center on Steroids. For the 2016 NAMM I was only able to attend for a single day – the first day. In hindsight, it was a good thing. I made sure to zip thru the show and make face time with all my endorsements.
I did spot a couple of new things that caught my eye. One is the StageClix wireless system. The first one to operate on the 5.8GHz band. Plus it rechargeable with 100 meter range. Oh and it's all digital.
The plugin that caught my eye was the E2 DeEsser. It appears to be a hyper intelligent DeEsser that can tell the EQ curve when to turn on and when to be off so that it is not effecting the rest of the track when it's not needed.
I'm also going to be picking up the Trim Two by Radial. I'll be sticking it inline after my Apollo Twin for my live performances going forward in 2016. In case you missed it, I've gone digital with my guitar sounds (acoustic and electric). But as I've already learned, my computer is often way too loud for PA output. Go figure! Thus the need for a highly transparent but durable direct box!
One other item I picked up was the Oasis Humidifier. Previously I've been using two humidifiers in my guitar case but they couldn't keep up with the needs of the guitar. In steps the Oasis Humidifier and for 2016 my guitar will be keeping properly hydrated. Thanks guys!
I will also be adding the Telefunken M-80 to my vocal lineup in 2016. I need a kickin mic to do some of my looping parts and this mic will fit the bill nicely.
Right after NAMM closed on Thursday I was back on the road and headed to Park City for the 2016 Sundance Film Festival.
It started with a very cool dinner put on by White Bear PR and SESAC. I got to hang with some amazing composers like John Swihart and Carla Patullo. We enjoyed some amazing food at Cafe Terigo and discussed all kinds of things from music to life.
Over the course of Sundance I did multiple performances at venues like The Spur and Flanagans. Audience reaction was favorable. To the point that I've been asked to score a film that is in the final stages of funding. I've also been asked to do some co-writing with some peers that I'd really like to write with. That's an awesome thing!
One last perk is that a manager has decided to start courting me about managing me.
I'm in the midst of working out the next video for the new single Thump Thump Thump coming soon. Thanks to Sundance I'm seeing about the particulars of making it a VR video as well.
If you haven't seen Nightwatch on A&E yet, what are you waiting for?


text:
Organizations have bad habits too (and they can be changed)
Posted on Published December 1, 2015 by Anand Damani
"Individuals have habits; groups have routines. Routines are the organizational analogue of habits", wrote Geoffrey Hodgson, who spent a career examining organizational patterns. And as we know habits can be good or bad. Not just that, they can be dangerous, because while performing routines, employees yield decision-making to a process that occurs without actually thinking, automatically – habit.
Paul O'Neill who is known to have turned around the fortunes of a company called Alcoa – Aluminum Company of America understood this really well. Alcoa was going through troubled times when it hired Paul O'Neill as CEO. Investors, executives and workers were unhappy. Quality was suffering. And competitors were stealing customers and profits.
O'Neill believed that some habits have the power to start a chain reaction, changing other habits as they move through an organization. These are keystone habits. The habits that matter the most. These are the ones that, when they start to shift, dislodge and remake other patterns.
So O'Neill figured he needed a focus that everybody – unions and executives – could agree as being important, so that he could bring people together. He said, "So I thought everyone deserves to leave work as safely as they arrive, right? You shouldn't be scared that feeding your family is going to kill you. That's why I decided to focus on: changing everyone's safety habits." So he made SAFETY his top priority and set an audacious goal for a manufacturing company of that size: zero injuries.
The approach was brilliant because unions had been fighting for safety rules for years. And managers were happy since injuries meant low productivity and low morale. What most people didn't realize was that O'Neill's plan for getting zero injuries entailed the most radical realignment in Alcoa's history.
According to O'Neill's safety plan, any time someone was injured, the unit president had to report it to him within 24 hours and present a plan for making sure the injury never happened again. The reward: people who got promoted, were those who embraced and cracked this system.
If unit presidents had to contact O'Neill within 24 hours with a plan, they needed to hear about the accident from their vice presidents as soon as it happened. So vice presidents had to be in constant communication with floor managers, who in turn needed to get workers to raise warnings as soon as they saw the problem. Meanwhile in those 24 hours everyone in the chain had to generate a list of suggestions for their immediate superior, so that there was an idea box full of possibilities for the unit president to choose from. This changed the company's rigid hierarchy as communication had to make it easy for the lowliest worker to get an idea to the loftiest executive, as fast as possible.
As Alcoa's safety patterns shifted, productivity skyrocketed, quality improved, costs came down and autonomy improved. If molten metal was injuring workers when it splashed, then the pouring system was redesigned, which led to fewer injuries. It also saved money because Alcoa lost less raw materials in spills. If a machine kept breaking down, it was replaced, which meant there was less risk of broken gear snagging an employees arm. It also meant higher quality products because, as Alcoa discovered, equipment malfunctions were a chief cause of subpar aluminum.
By the time O'Neill retired after 13 years, Alcoa's annual income was five times larger than before he arrived. Its market capitalization had risen by $27 billion. Alcoa became one of the safest companies in the world – the keystone habit that changed it all.
Source: The Power of Habit by Charles Duhigg
Behavioural EconomicsCost SavingsHabitMotivationOrganisational behaviour
« Stop planning. Start testing.	Mirroring others behaviour can get you likes »


text:
Afghan blast targets Turkish vehicle near Iran embassy
A terrorist detonates his explosive-laden car near the Iranian Embassy in the Afghan capital, Kabul, February 26, 2015.
KABUL, Afghanistan (AP) — A suicide bomber driving a car packed with explosives targeted a Turkish Embassy vehicle near the Iranian Embassy in the Afghan capital during the Thursday morning rush hour.
"The target was a Turkish Embassy vehicle. One person is wounded and the driver possibly killed," Deputy Interior Minister Mohammad Ayub Salangi told media outside the Iranian Embassy.
The blast took place outside the gate of the embassy, which is adjacent to the Turkish mission in the center of Kabul.
The Taliban claimed responsibility for the blast in a text message to media, saying the target was a "convoy of foreigners' vehicles."
Associated Press television footage showed two black armored vehicles bearing Turkish diplomatic plates and at least one wounded person being carried from a car.
It is the first known attack on a Turkish target in the Afghan capital. The last similar suicide car bomb attack in Kabul took place near the airport in January.
Insurgent attacks in the capital have been intermittent in recent months as winter has closed in, limiting access for militants who are believed to be based across the mountainous border in Pakistan.
The Afghan government hopes to open a dialogue with the Taliban's leadership in the near future, which could lead to peace talks in the coming year or two, officials and diplomats have said.
In the meantime, the insurgents are expected to intensify their attacks in order to enter any talks from a position of strength.
Afghan Deputy Interior Minister, bomb attack in kabul, Iranian embassy in Kabul, Mohammad Ayub Salangi, Quoted, Turkish Embassy vehicle	February 26, 2015
IRGC kicks off second day of major military drill
Kerry questions Netanyahu's judgment as U.S.-Israel row deepens


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Massage and Spa services include relaxation, hot stone, redwood tools, foam rolling, dry brushing, chair, pregnancy, couples/duo steam treatments, using steamy wonder canopy. Healthy organic products.


text:
News of the Weird Archives
About News of the Weird
http://www.uexpress.com/news-of-the-weird/2009/3/8
by the Editors at Andrews McMeel Syndication
University of California researchers, on a Pentagon contract, announced in January success at rigging a live flower beetle with electrodes and a radio receiver to enable scientists to control the insect's flight remotely. Pulses sent to the bug's muscles or optic lobes can command it to take off, turn left or right, or hover, according to a report in MIT Technology Review, and the insect's "large" size (up to a whopping four inches in length) would enable it to also carry a camera, giving the beetle military uses such as surveillance or search and rescue. The researchers admired the native flight-control ability of the beetle so much that they abandoned developing robot beetles (which required trying to mimic nature).
Why They Go Postal
An official of the National Association of Letter Carriers in Buffalo, N.Y., said in February that it would challenge the Postal Service's threatened suspension of a carrier who was using sidewalks to get from house to house this winter instead of walking across ice-packed, deep-snow-drift yards. Cutting across yards is required by Postal Service rules in order to speed up deliveries.
Scenes of the Surreal
(1) Allahmanamjad Barbel, 21, sought help in February at the police station in Barnstable, Mass., after his sister playfully put handcuffs on him at a birthday party and couldn't get them off. Police removed them and then, after running his name through the computer, discovered several outstanding warrants and immediately re-cuffed him. (2) Doctoral student Daniel Bennett filed a lawsuit against Britain's Leeds University in February because custodians had mistakenly thrown out research that he had been working with for the last seven years. Bennett is studying the rare Butaan lizard of the Philippines and over the years, to examine its diet, had painstakingly sifted through jungle dirt to gather over 70 pounds of its feces, which Bennett believes is worth far more than the ($720) Leeds has offered him.
The Entrepreneurial Spirit
-- A coin-operated self-service dog-washing machine ("self" meaning the dog's owner, not the dog) has been introduced in a half-dozen carwashes in the United States recently, at $10 for 10 minutes, according to a January report on one such franchise in Stuart, Fla. The "K9000" is a 3-foot-high, walk-in shower area (or push-in, for reluctant dogs) with an open top, has six separate wash cycles, conditioner and flea-and-tick options, and adjustable water pressure and dryer settings.
-- At Mannerspielplatz ("Men's Playground") near Kassel, Germany, testosterone-fueled office workers can get in touch with their "inner ditchdigger" (according to a January Wired magazine report) and frolic all day long on 29-ton backhoes, 32-ton front-end loaders, jackhammers and various other big, loud vehicles for an admission fee of about $280 a day. At the Men's Playground, the owner said, "We fulfill men's dreams."
Weird Biology
-- "Reproduction is no fun if you're a squid," said a biologist at the University of Groningen in the Netherlands, referring especially to the deep-sea squid. Finding a mate a mile down in pitch-darkness is hard enough, but the combination of males that are smaller and fearful of being overpowered and females whose reception of sperm involves being stabbed makes the insemination process especially traumatic. Sperm deposits can be extensive and burdensome to the female and are delivered by the reckless slashing of the skin by the male. In fact, according to a December report in Germany's Der Spiegel, in the darkness the male sometimes misses the female altogether and inseminates himself.
-- Princeton University scientists, reporting in January on research in Peru, said they observed aggressive, carnivorous behavior for the first time among dung beetles, which decapitated and ate millipedes. Dung beetles were not known previously to be fussy eaters (except for a 2006 study in which they seemed to prefer horse dung to camel dung or sheep dung).
Leading Economic Indicators
-- People With Too Much Money: At Tokyo's first fish auction of 2009 in January, the upscale Kyubey restaurant and the more moderate Itamae Sushi dining chain jointly purchased a single, 280-pound bluefin tuna for the equivalent of about $104,000. Kyubey said it would cut its half into slivers priced at about $22 each, while the popular Itamae planned to offer tinier, more affordable slivers.
-- In Hong Kong, according to a February Wall Street Journal report, when a feng shui master speaks on the economy, investors listen closely (especially in view of the mess quantitative analysis has made of things). Alion Yeo, an expert on the Chinese system of beliefs in stars, geography and the location of objects, and whose popular finance seminars attract high-end investors, told a group of about 170 recently that 2009 would be dismal because the U.S. economy is now in the hands of a president and a secretary of the Treasury who were both born in a Year of the Ox (1961), of which 2009 is another (and which has already started frighteningly with both a solar eclipse and a lunar eclipse).
-- Some laid-off workers may be desperate to exhibit their work skills at any available job, but February news reports highlighted two government bureaucrats who draw $250,000 a year between them yet have been prevented from doing a stitch of work for, in one case, six years, and in the other, 18 months. Randall Hinton is nominally the chief of investigations for the New York State Insurance Fund but was ostracized by his supervisors in 2002 and has taken home his $93,000 a year for zero work ever since. U.S. Labor Department official Bob Whitmore earns $150,000 but has had no work to do since July 2007 due to a clash with his supervisors.
Fine Points of the Law
(1) Drug-trafficking is a capital offense in Malaysia, and it appeared that one man would go down after being spotted by a police officer with the key to a large drug locker. However, the man has an identical twin brother who was not charged, and in February, Kuala Lumpur High Court Judge Zaharah Ibrahim ruled that because it was impossible to know which one had been seen with the key, both had to go free. (2) Jeffrey Boyle was convicted in 2006 of setting eight fires during the time he was a lieutenant in the Chicago Fire Department and is serving a six-year sentence, but in January, he filed a lawsuit against the department demanding his pension, of about $50,000 a year, on the grounds that he was off duty during the time he set the fires.
Least Competent Criminals
Recurring Themes: (1) In February, David Hampton, 23, was charged in Charlotte County, Fla., with robbing a BP gas station and became the latest such robber to run out of gas in his getaway car even though minutes earlier, obviously, he had been present at a gas station. (2) In Marseille, France, in January, a 21-year-old man became the latest bank burglar with an ambitious plan and a mediocre sense of direction, as he drilled through the outside wall of a branch of Banque Populaire but missed the room with the safe deposit boxes and wound up instead in a restroom. [WWSB-TV (Sarasota), 2-9-09] [Reuters, 2-1-09]
A News of the Weird Classic (February 1996)
A pre-trial hearing was scheduled in February 1996 in Lamar, Mo., on Joyce Lehr's lawsuit against the county for injuries suffered in a 1993 fall in the icy, unplowed parking lot of the local high school. The Carthage Press reported that Lehr claimed damage to nearly every part of her body. According to her lawsuit: "All the bones, organs, muscles, tendons, tissues, nerves, veins, arteries, ligaments ... discs, cartilages, and the joints of her body were fractured, broken, ruptured, punctured, compressed, dislocated, separated, bruised, contused, narrowed, abraded, lacerated, burned, cut, torn, wrenched, swollen, strained, sprained, inflamed and infected."
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