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The Century Illustrated Monthly Magazine, 38 tomas
A compromise, to be effective, must be made either with those who control the rebel army, or with the people first liberated from the domination of that army by the successes of our own army. Now, allow me to assure you that no word or intimation from that rebel army, or from any of the men controlling it, in relation to any peace compromise, has ever come to my knowledge or belief. All charges and insinuations to the contrary are deceptive and groundless. And I promise you that if any such proposition shall hereafter come, it shall not be rejected and kept a secret from you. I freely acknowledge myself the servant of the people according to the bond of service,-the United States Constitution, and that as such I am responsible to them.
But, to be plain, you are dissatisfied with me about the negro. Quite likely there is a difference of opinion between you and myself upon that subject. I certainly wish all men could be free, while I suppose you do not. Yet I have neither adopted nor proposed any measure which is not consistent with even your view, provided you are for the Union. I suggested compensated emancipation, to which you replied you wished not to be taxed to buy negroes. But I had not asked you to be taxed to buy negroes, except in such way as to save you from greater taxation to save the Union exclusively by other means.
You dislike the Emancipation Proclamation, and perhaps would have it retracted. You say it is unconstitutional. I think differently. I think the Constitution invests its commander-in-chief with the law of war in time of war. The most that can be said-if so much—is that slaves are property. Is there, has there ever been, any question that by the law of war, property, both of enemies and friends, may be taken when needed? And is it not needed whenever taking it helps us or hurts the enemy? Armies, the world over, destroy enemies' property when they cannot use it, and even destroy their own to keep it from the enemy. Civilized belligerents do all in their power to help themselves or hurt the enemy, except a few things regarded as barbarous or cruel. Among the exceptions are the massacre of vanquished foes and non-combatants, male and female.
But the proclamation, as law, either is valid or is not valid. If it is not valid it needs no retraction. If it is valid it cannot be retracted, any more than the dead can be brought to life. Some of you profess to think its retraction would operate favorably for the Union. Why better after the retraction than before the issue? There was more than a year and a half of trial to suppress the rebellion before the proclamation issued, the last one hundred days of which passed under an explicit notice that it was coming, unless averted by those in revolt returning to their allegiance. The war has certainly progressed as favorably for us since the issue of the proclamation as before.
I know, as fully as one can know the opinion of others, that some of the commanders of our armies in the field, who have given us our most important successes, believe the emancipation policy and the use of the colored troops constitute the heaviest blow yet dealt to the rebellion, and that at least one of these important successes could not have been achieved when it was but for the aid of black
soldiers. Among the commanders holding these views are some who have never had any affinity with what is called "Abolitionism" or with "Republican party politics," but who hold them purely as military opinions. I submit these opinions as being entitled to some weight against the objections often urged that emancipation and arming the blacks are unwise as military measures, and were not adopted as such in good faith.
You say you will not fight to free negroes. Some of them seem willing to fight for you- but no matter. Fight you, then, exclusively to save the Union. I issued the proclamation on purpose to aid you in saving the Union. Whenever you shall have conquered all resistance to the Union, if I shall urge you to continue fighting, it will be an apt time then for you to declare you will not fight to free negroes. I thought that in your struggle for the Union, to whatever extent the negroes should cease helping the enemy, to that extent it weakened the enemy in his resistance to you. Do you think differently? I thought that whatever negroes can be got to do as soldiers leaves just so much less for white soldiers to do in saving the Union. Does it appear otherwise to you? But negroes, like other people, act upon motives. Why should they do anything for us if we will do nothing for them? If they stake their lives for us, they must be prompted by the strongest motive, even the promise of freedom. And the promise, being made, must be kept.
The signs look better. The Father of Waters again goes unvexed to the sea. Thanks to the great North-west for it. Nor yet wholly to them. Three hundred miles up they met New England, Empire, Keystone, and Jersey, hewing their way right and left. The sunny South, too, in more colors than one, also lent a hand. On the spot, their part of the history was jotted down in black and white. The job was a great national one, and let none be banned who bore an honorable part in it. And while those who have cleared the great river may well be proud, even that is not all. It is hard to say that anything has been more bravely and well done than at Antietam, Murfreesboro', Gettysburg, and on many fields of lesser note. Nor must Uncle Sam's web-feet be forgotten. At all the watery margins they have been present. Not only on the deep sea, the broad bay, and the rapid river, but also up the narrow, muddy bayou; and wherever the ground was a little damp, they have been and made their tracks. Thanks to all. For the great Republic - for the principle it lives by and keeps alive - for man's vast future-thanks to all.
Peace does not appear so distant as it did. I hope it will come soon, and come to stay; and so come as to be worth the keeping in all future time. It will then have been proved that among free men there can be no successful appeal from the ballot to the bullet, and that they who take such appeal are sure to lose their case and pay the cost. And there will be some black men who can remember that with silent tongue, and clenched teeth, and steady eye, and well-poised bayonet they have helped mankind on to this great consummation; while I fear there will be some white ones unable to forget that with malignant heart and deceitful speech they strove to hinder it.
Still let us not be over sanguine of a speedy, final triumph. Let us be quite sober. Let us diligently
Among all the state papers of Mr. Lincoln from his nomination to his death this letter is unique. It may be called his last stump speech, the only one made during his Presidency. We find in it all the qualities that made him in Illinois the incomparable political leader of his party for a generation. There is the same close, unerring logic, the same innate perception of political conduct, the same wit and sarcasm, the same touch of picturesque eloquence, which abounded in his earlier and more careless oratory, but all wonderfully heightened, strengthened, and chastened by a sense of immense responsibility. In this letter, which the chairman took only ten minutes to read, he said more than all the orators at all the stands. It was, like most of his speeches, addressed principally to his opponents, and in this short space he appealed successively to their reason, to their sympathies, and to their fears. By a succession of unanswerable syllogisms he showed them how untenable was their position. He appealed to their generosity, to their sense of duty, to their patriotism, even to their love of glory, and in the end he held out to them with dignified austerity the prospect of shame and self-reproach which lay before them if they continued their hostility to the sacred cause of humanity and nationality. The style of this letter is as remarkable as its matter; each sentence, like a trained athlete, is divested of every superfluous word and syllable, yet nowhere is there a word lacking, any more than a word too much. Modest as he was, he knew the value of his own work, and when a friend called to ask him if he was going to Springfield he replied, "No, I shall send them a letter instead; and it will be a rather good letter."2 The Springfield convention, taking up the gauntlet thrown down by the disloyal mass meeting of June, resolved "that we will lay aside all party questions and forget all party prejudices and devote ourselves unreservedly to the 1 Lincoln to James C. Conkling, Aug. 26, 1863. 2 Nothing he ever uttered had a more instantaneous success. Mr. Sumner immediately wrote to him: "Thanks for your true and noble letter. It is a historical document. The case is admirably stated, so that all but the wicked must confess its force. It cannot be answered." Henry Wilson wrote him: "God Almighty bless you for your noble, patriotic, and Christian letter. It will be on the lips and in the hearts of hundreds of thousands this day." Among the letters which the President most appreciated was one from the venerable Josiah Quincy, then ninety-one years of age, who wrote: "Old age has its privileges, which I hope this letter will not exceed; but I cannot refrain from expressing to you my gratification and my gratitude for your letter to the Illinois timely, conclusive, and effective. What you say concerning emancipation, your proclamation, and your course of VOL. XXXVIII.-20.
support of our Government, until the rebellion shall be finally and forever crushed": they resolved that "whatever else may die, the Union shall live to perpetuate civil liberty; whatever else may perish, the Government shall survive in all its constitutional integrity; whatever else may be destroyed, the nation shall be preserved in its territorial unity; and to this end we pledge anew our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor."3
In this spirit the campaign was fought through to its victorious close, and on the night of the 3d of November the President, sitting in the War Department, had the pleasure of learning from all the clicking wires about him that the cause of nationality and freedom was triumphant from one end of the Union to the other; that the people had come up fully abreast of him on the question of emancipation, and that the nation was now substantially united in the resolute purpose to prosecute the war to its legitimate conclusion. These victories at the polls made sure the good results of this summer of battles; the Administration felt itself confirmed anew and strengthened for the work before it. To those members of the Administration who had formerly acted with the Democratic party there was a certain sense of humiliation and disappointment. Mr. Stanton said, "The disheartening thing in the affair was that there seemed to be no patriotic principle left in the Democratic party, the whole organization voting solidly against the country."4 Mr. Seward, on the contrary, came back from Auburn, where he had gone home to vote, in the highest spirits. He considered the political attitude of New York absolutely safe in the present and future. He thought "the crowd that follows power had come over to the Republicans; the Democrats had lost their leaders when Toombs and Davis and Breckinridge forsook them and went South; the inferior Northern Democrats who succeeded to the leadership had proved their incompetency; the best and most energetic portion of the rank and file of the party were now voting shoulder to shoulder with the Republicans. 5 proceeding in relation to it was due to truth and to your own character, shamefully assailed as it has been. The development is an imperishable monument of wisdom and virtue." After discussing the question of emancipation, he continued: "I write under the impression that the victory of the United States in this war is inevitable; compromise is impossible. Peace on any other basis would be the establishment of two nations, each hating the other, both military, both necessarily warlike, their territories interlocked with a tendency of never-ceasing hostility. Can we leave to posterity a more cruel inheritance, or one more hopeless of happiness and prosperity?" Mr. Lincoln answered this letter in a tone expressive of his reverence for the age and illustrious character of the writer.
3 " History of Sangamon County," p. 315. 4 J. H., Diary, Nov. 3. MS.
5 Ibid., Nov. 8. MS.
No party," he said, "can survive an opposition to a war. The Revolutionary heroes were political oracles till 1812, and afterwards the soldiers of the late war' succeeded to their honors. But we are hereafter a nation of soldiers. These people will be trying to forget years hence that they ever opposed this war. I had to carry affidavits to prove I had nothing to do with the Hartford Convention. Now the party that gained eminence by the folly of the Federalists in opposing the war have the chalice commended to their own lips. I told the Democratic leaders," he said, with his habitual subacid good nature, "how they might have saved themselves and carried the next Presidential election, by being more loyal and earnest in support of the Administration than the Republican party. The Lord knows that would not have been hard."
Although in this memorable contest the Republicans presented a united front to the common enemy, within their own organization there were those bitter differences of opinion which always arise among men of strong convictions. The President's anteroom was thronged with earnest men who desired to warn him in person against the machinations of other men equally earnest, and his mail was encumbered by letters from every part of the country, and every shade of faction, filled with similar denunciations and warnings. The pure and able Senator Dixon of Connecticut wrote: "The heresies of Sumner are doing immense harm in a variety of ways. If his doctrine prevails, this country will be ruined. I do hope you and Mr. Seward will stand firm." From the other wing of the party came the most passionate denunciations of Seward and those who were associated with him in the popular mind; and after the election Senator Chandler of Michigan, one of the most powerful of the Republicans who had by this time assumed to themselves the title of Radicals, having seen in the newspapers a paragraph that Mr. Thurlow Weed and Governor Morgan had been in consultation with the President in regard to his message, wrote a vehement letter to the President, telling him there was a "patriotic organization in all the free and border States, containing over one million voters, every man of whom is your friend upon the Radical measures of your Administration; but there is not a Seward, Weed, or Blair man among them. How are these men," he asked, "to be of service to you in any way? They are a millstone about your neck. You drop them and they are politically ended forever. Conservatives and traitors are buried together. For God's sake do not exhume their remains in your message. They will smell 1 Chandler to Lincoln, Nov. 15, 1863. MS. 2 Lincoln to Chandler, Nov. 20, 1863. MS.
worse than Lazarus after he had been buried three days." There was no man slower than Mr. Lincoln to take personal offense at even the most indiscreet advice or censure; but he answered this letter of Mr. Chandler in a tone of unusual dignity and severity. "I have seen," he said, "Governor Morgan and Thurlow Weed separately, but not together, within the last ten days; but neither of them mentioned the forthcoming message, or said anything, so far as I can remember, which brought the thought of the message to my mind. I am very glad the elections this autumn have gone favorably and that I have not by native depravity, or under evil influences, done anything bad enough to prevent the good result. I hope to stand firm' enough to not go backward, and yet not go forward fast enough to wreck the country's cause." 2
In the month of October Mr. Hood, the postmaster at Chattanooga, wrote to the President a letter setting forth the particulars of a scheme which Emerson Etheridge, Clerk of the House of Representatives, had entered into to give control of the next House to the opposition. Etheridge was a member of Congress from Tennessee before the war, and his sincere attachment to the Union in the face of much obloquy and persecution at home had endeared him to the Republicans in Congress and caused him to be given the post of Clerk of the House; but in the course of two years of war he had become separated from his former political affiliations and now sympathized with the opposition. Mr. Hood, who wrote apparently with great regret as a personal friend of Etheridge, claimed to have become aware of Etheridge's intention to leave off the rolls of the House the names of all members whose certificates did not bear on their face the statement that they had been elected "according to the laws of the State or of the United States." He based this action upon the provisions of a law which had been hurriedly passed during the last day of the Thirty-seventh Congress. At the same time it was understood that he had intimated to the Democratic members what his action would be, so as to allow them to provide themselves with certificates in the form required. The President, on the receipt of this news, put himself confidentially in communication with leading Republicans in all the loyal States, requesting them, without publicity, to have prepared duplicate certificates meeting the objection which it was thought that Etheridge would raise to the ordinary ones. This was in most cases attended to, but not in all, so that when the members began to arrive in Washington a few days before the day fixed for the opening of Congress, a general impression of the contemplated action of Etheridge
had transpired and there was some uneasiness in regard to the issue. The President had done what he could to meet the legal requirements of the case; but, that having been done, he was not inclined to rely exclusively upon moral force. In view of the threatened outrage he sent for some of the leading members of Congress and told them the main thing was to be sure that all the Union members should be present. "Then," he said, "if Mr. Etheridge undertakes revolutionary proceedings, let him be carried out on a chip, and let our men organize the House."1 This practical solution of the trouble had occurred to others, and the Rev. Owen Lovejoy, disregarding for a moment the etiquette of his sacred calling, announced that he was quite ready himself to take charge of Etheridge, and was confident of his muscular superiority to the Tennesseean.
There was not so much uncertainty in regard to the issue as to prevent an animated contest among the Republicans for the caucus nomination for the speakership. The prominent candidates were Mr. Schuyler Colfax of Indiana and Mr. Elihu B. Washburne of Illinois. Mr. Cox of Ohio was the principal candidate for the barren honor of the caucus nomination among the Democrats; though for some time before the meeting of Congress there was a good deal of not very practical talk in regard to the nomination of General Frank P. Blair of Missouri as a compromise candidate to be supported by the Democrats and by a few of the so-called Conservative Republicans. General Blair, while one of the earliest and ablest Republicans of the border States, one who had distinguished himself equally in politics and in the field in the cause of freedom and of progress, had, through the vehemence of the factional fight which had so long been raging in Missouri, been gradually forced, partly by the denunciations of his enemies, and partly by his own combative instincts, into an attitude almost of hostility to the Republican party of the nation. Mr. Lincoln saw this with great regret. He had a high personal regard for Blair, and deplored the predicament into which his passionate temper and the assaults of his enemies were gradually crowding him. In the autumn of 1863 the PostmasterGeneral, in conversation with the President, said that his brother Frank would be guided by the President's wishes as to whether he should continue with his command in the field or take the seat in Congress to which he had been elected from Missouri. The President answered in a letter, dated 2d of November, saying:
Some days ago I understood you to say that your brother, General Frank Blair, desired to be guided by my wishes as to whether he will occupy his seat
in Congress or remain in the field. My wish, then, is compounded of what I believe will be best for the country and best for him; and it is that he will come here, put his military commission in my hands, the nominations, help elect the nominees, and thus take his seat, go into caucus with our friends, abide aid to organize a House of Representatives which will really support the Government in the war. If the result shall be the election of himself as Speaker, let him serve in that position. If not, let him retake his commission and return to the army. For the country this will heal a dangerous schism; for him it will relieve from a dangerous position. By a misunderstanding, as I think, he is in danger of being permanently separated from those with whom only he can ever have a real sympathy- the sincere opponents of slavery. It will be a mistake if he shall allow the provocations offered him by insincere time-servers to drive him from the house of his own building. He is young yet. He has abundant talent-quite enough to occupy all his time without devoting any to temper. He is rising in ment to the command of a corps, by one so compemilitary skill and usefulness. His recent appointtent to judge as General Sherman, proves this. In that line he can serve both the country and himself more profitably than he could as a member of Congress upon the floor. The foregoing is what I would say if Frank Blair were my brother instead of yours.2
In pursuance of this letter Blair came to Washington, though before Congress assembled his candidacy for the speakership had passed out of sight. He took his seat, served for some months, and went back to the army in command of a corps, as the President had promised. This relinquishment of and restoration to a high command in the army occasioned much feeling and a violent attack upon the President on the part of the Radical Republicans, which continued even after he had submitted in a message to Congress the entire correspondence, which reflected nothing but credit upon all parties.
The canvass for Speaker closed on Saturday night, the 5th of December, Washburne withdrawing from the field, and Colfax being nominated by acclamation. All the next day there was great excitement at the hotels frequented by politicians in regard to Etheridge's proposed course of action, which was now no longer a secret to any one. The comments he everywhere heard upon his conduct had its effect upon his nerves, and he began to talk in a complaining and apologetic tone, saying he was simply obeying the law and there was no reason why Republicans should regard him vindictively. The next day, when the House opened, while he did not flinch from the position he had occupied, he did nothing arbitrary or revolutionary. He left off the roll the names of all those members whose certificates
were not, in his opinion, in due form, but readily
1 J. G. N., MS. Memoranda.
2 MS.
entertained a motion to restore them. This met with a hot protest from some of the proslavery members, but a vote was taken showing a majority of twenty for the Government. Mr. Washburne nominated Mr. Colfax, and he was elected by the same majority in a total vote of 181, the Democratic vote being scattered among many members, Mr. Cox receiving more than any other.
As soon as Congress came together Mr. Fernando Wood renewed his furtive overtures with the Government for the appointment of peace commissioners from what he called his wing of the Democratic party, making no secret of his belief that he himself was the most appropriate choice which could be made for such a function. He urged the President to publish some sort of amnesty for the Northern sympathizers with the rebellion which would include Mr. Vallandigham and permit him to return to the country. He promised that in that case there should be two Democratic candidates in the field at the next Presidential election. The President declined his proposition, but he would not take no for an answer. He called again on the morning of the 14th of December and the President refused to see him, merely sending word by a servant that he had nothing further to say to him. Later in the day Mr. Wood offered, in the House of Representatives, a resolution "that the President be requested to appoint three commissioners, who shall be empowered to open negotiations with the authorities at 1 J. G. N.. MS. Memoranda.
THE WESTERN SOLDIER.
HEN General Sherman said to General Grant, "Your belief in victory I can compare to nothing but the faith of the Christian in the Saviour," he specified one of the leading characteristics of the typical Western soldier. At no time, from Sumter to Appomattox, did that devoted servant of the demands of courage and fortitude doubt the success of the Union cause. It was a part of his temperament, of his philosophy, to look for triumph. Not that he was simply a goodhumored optimist, unregardful of adverse conditions, nor yet a victim of blind superstition, political or theological, but that heredity and experience had equipped him with a sense of confidence in himself, in his country, and in the force called fortune that was alike heroic
Richmond to the end that this bloody, destructive, and inhuman war shall cease, and the Union be restored upon terms of equity, fraternity, and equality under the Constitution." This resolution was laid upon the table by a party vote, and Mr. Green Clay Smith of Kentucky offered resolutions opposing "any armistice, or intervention, or mediation, or proposition for peace from any quarter so long as there shall be found a rebel in arms against the Government; and we ignore," the resolutions continued, "all party names, lines, and issues, and recognize but two parties in this war-patriots and traitors." Second: "That we hold it to be the duty of Congress to pass all necessary bills to supply men and money, and the duty of the people to render every aid in their power to the constituted authorities of the Government in the crushing out of the rebellion and in bringing the leaders thereof to condign punishment." The third resolution tendered the thanks of Congress to the soldiers in the field. The first resolution was passed by a party vote of ninety-three to sixtyfive; the second and third were passed unanimously, with the exception of Mr. B. G. Harris of Maryland. Several times during the session this battle of resolutions was renewed, but always with the same result; the Democratic party constantly favoring negotiations for peace while as constantly declaring their devotion to the Union, and the Republicans repudiating every suggestion of negotiation or compromise so long as the enemies of the Republic bore arms against it.
and logical. He came of a stock that had conquered the frontier wilderness through a long and hard discipline of toil, vigilance, and sacrifice, and in so doing had exalted self-reliance as the first of virtues. His idea of duty had its root in a deep growth of previous endurance, which was also a present possession of honor and practical advantage. The past appealed to him at a short distance and in voices that were personally familiar; the Union meant to him a tangible daily blessing, purchased for him by the direct efforts of his father and grandfather in the founding of new States; and he scorned to think for a moment that he could not repeat such service with similar results upon the field of battle.
In the beginning, to be sure, he misjudged the proportions of the undertaking; but when the whole truth was made plain to him it only served to emphasize his loyalty and confirm


text:
package org.keyboardplaying.mapper.engine;

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * A utility to get the default value of a class.
 *
 * @author Cyrille Chopelet (https://keyboardplaying.org)
 */
final class DefaultValueProvider {

    private boolean bool;
    private byte b;
    private char c;
    private short s;
    private int i;
    private long l;
    private float f;
    private double d;

    private final Map<Class<?>, Object> defaults;

    /**
     * Creates a new instance.
     */
    DefaultValueProvider() {
        Map<Class<?>, Object> values = new HashMap<>();
        values.put(boolean.class, bool);
        values.put(byte.class, b);
        values.put(char.class, c);
        values.put(short.class, s);
        values.put(int.class, i);
        values.put(long.class, l);
        values.put(float.class, f);
        values.put(double.class, d);
        defaults = Collections.unmodifiableMap(values);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the default value of an object based on its type.
     * <p/>
     * A non-null value will only be returned for primitive types.
     *
     * @param klass the type we need the default value of
     * @return the default value for the supplied type
     */
    Object getDefaultValue(Class<?> klass) {
        return defaults.get(klass);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Octoberstone Blog
Contact Octoberstone
Avoid the pitfalls of changing your website to a new domain name
Published on October 13, 2015 by Tony Brennan Leave a Comment
Changing your website name? Learn how to avoid the pitfalls
Changing the domain name of your website is not a decision that should be taken on a whim. If you do decide to do it there are some simple but vital steps that you need to follow – if not, the effect on your online strategy can be extremely damaging. A few days ago a phone call enquiry from a local organisation led us to uncovering one such example!
The manager contacted us requesting a quotation for an app to complement their new website. They explained that the business was a charity established more than 10 years ago, and provides very useful services to local, medium and large sized business in Northern Ireland. They are partly public funded and have proven to its funders over the years that the services it provides are useful and are being used. Due to the demand for these services, it has expanded into other geographical areas in Northern Ireland. On the back of this expansion it was decided a name change was required.
They have now renamed the organisation, purchased a new domain name and created a new website.
The manager emailed the link to the new website. When I clicked this link I was greeted with a 'this domain has expired' notice! I immediately realised that they must have mistakenly sent me a link to their old website.
This confusion raised a few questions in our minds, and required a little investigation. We ran a whois search on this domain name. The whois results showed that it had expired in the past 20 days. On contacting the business again a different link was provided which worked and displayed a functioning website.
A whois search on this working domain name showed that it had been registered in the past 10 days.
We ran a Google site search (type site:www.yourdomainname.com into Google) on the first domain. It showed that a considerable number of pages had been indexed (recorded on the Google search engine) and displayed in its search results but of course these links no longer worked as the domain had expired.
We ran the same Google search on the live domain. It showed that only 2 pages had been indexed. An examination of the site indicated that it had 10 pages and so in theory 10 pages would be expected to have been indexed.
As the organisation has changed its domain name, they assumed that they no longer required the original domain and duly let it expire. They registered the new domain name, built a new website using a free website builder and expected that the site would be picked up by search engines and their audience would just find them. They didn't realise that this would not happen and they now had a major problem.
The old site was gone and the new site could not be found. How are their clients going to find them?
They had taken the cheap option of using a free website builder that was not search engine friendly, which explained why so few of their site web pages were appearing on any search engine.
It was wrong for them to assume that they no longer required the original domain name. They didn't stop to think how they were going to inform all that knew them or used their services in the past that they had changed their name and website. They were not knowledgeable of the fact that since the original domain was registered in 2005, it had earned much valued history – age history, content history, search engine ranking and much valued backlinks (links to other websites). Now they are starting back to where they were in 2005 – all that effort, over all those years, lost.
It is possible to get a new domain to the same position in a period of months if a good search engine strategy is put in place, but in this instance we are talking about a charity with public funding that has a responsibility to be prudent with its finances.
What they should have done
They were not aware how important this history and search engine ranking was to them, to their customers and to their budget. They did not realise that this history and ranking could very easily be transferred to the new domain.
Audit the old web site
They should have got in touch with a reputable web company that would have carried out an audit of the old website and recorded the following information:
the number of daily, weekly and monthly visits;
the top pages visitors landed on first (top landing pages);
any websites linking to the site;
all internal links (site pages linking to other pages within the site);
the top keywords; and
all pages and images recorded (indexed) on the Google search engine.
This information is vital, as it gives a true picture of the status and performance of the website. It also creates a benchmark to compare the old site with the new site.
Two of the tools to find this information is Google Analytics and Google Webmaster Tools which the web company would set up and install with the correct tracking code on the old site.
Set up and redirect traffic to the new website
After buying the new domain and creating the new website the following would be carried out:
inform Google that the website name has changed using their change of address tool which "manages the transition needed by Google to index your new URLs at the new address, while minimizing impact to your current ranking in Google Search results.";
ensure the new site is built to be search engine friendly;
move all content from the old site to the new site;
redirect all traffic going to the old site pages to an equivalent page on the new site;
check for any broken links or missing pages; and
inform any organisations who have website links to the old site of the site name change.
If these steps are followed correctly:
all visitors to the old website will be automatically redirected to the new site;
Google will eventually index all the pages on the new site, and in time the old site can be closed down along with the domain name; and
it will save substantial costs informing all that know them or have used their services that there is a new domain name and organisation name change.
When site traffic is analysed, there should be no noticeable drop in website visitors when compared to the old site. It will be as if there was never a website change.
How your website is listed on any search engine and how visitors find your site is very important for all website owners to understand.
There is a place for free website builders but they do not suit all websites, especially those that have been established for some time and need to change to a new domain name.
Local web design companies will know the local market and more than likely, will have worked with businesses and organisations that you, yourself will know. Talk to them, find out who they have worked with, if they have a good reputation and can help. Avoid the free option.
By the way… we advised the charity not to create an app – we suggested they to use the money instead to get their website working correctly!
About Tony Brennan
Tony is designer and company director at Octoberstone. He is responsible for SEO (search engine optimisation), web design and construction.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Footbridges were once built to provide a great path over challenging obstacles and are increasingly being created with thrill-seekers in mind. Read on to find out some of the most incredible footbridges in destinations across the globe.
Peak Walk by Tissot (Bernese Oberland, Switzerland)
The bridge was opened in October 2014 to connect two mountain peaks in Switzerland's Bernese Oberland. The 351 feet (107-meter) bridge connects Scex Rouge peak with ViewPoint peak. Famed alpine peaks Jungfrau, Mouch, Eiger, the Matterhorn, and Mount Blanc can be viewed from the bridge's deck.
Sochi SkyBridge (Sochi, Russia)
Sochi SkyBridge is regarded as one of the world's longest pedestrian bridges features a 700-meter-long zip wire. The brief comes with two observation platforms and offers incredible views of the Black sea. Also, there is a bungee jumping platform that emanates from the center of the tower.
Aiguille Du Midi Bridge (Mont Blanc Massif, France)
The bridge links the south and north peaks of the Aiguille Du Midi is located 12,604 feet above sea level. To get here, someone has to take a ride on a vertical ascent cable vehicle. Another exciting thing is that visitors can see into Italy, Switzerland, and France from the top.
Tigbao Hanging Bridge (Bohol, Philippines)
Although this structure looks flimsier than what it shows; however, the fact is that it is designed with a metal material, but a bamboo top layer was integrated with the structure to make it authentic depending on your outlook. It hangs 82 feet above the river.
Taman Negara National Park Bridge (Titiwangsa Mountains, Malaysia)
At 1650 feet (530 meters long), this suspension bridge is popular in Malaysia. The narrow bridge can be viewed across the top of the trees in Taman Negara. Note that the ropes are checked daily to eliminate the fears of visitors.
Capilano Suspension Bridge (Vancouver, Canada)
The Capilano suspension bridge stretches 450 feet across and 230 feet above Vancouver's Capilano River. Though it was originally built in 1889 but was completely remodeled in 1956. It is Vancouver's most popular and oldest attraction, which receives more than 600,000 visitors per year.
We have provided a list of the highest footbridges worldwide, including Capilano Suspension Bridge, Taman Negara National Park Bridge, Tigbao Hanging Bridge, Aiguille Du Midi Bridge Sochi SkyBridge, and Peak Walk by Tissot. A wonderful experience awaits you as you visit any of these footbridges, but first be sure to fortify yourself with supplements from DesBio and Vital Nutrients.
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The Gin Doc
From Medicine to ... Gin ...
Medicine to Gin…
Due to COVID-19 most of the customers from The Herbal Gin Company are local to the Newton Aycliffe area. As a result, most people know that I was a General Practitioner until recently and I changed jobs from being a medical doctor to setting up a gin distillery.
Why..?
Some people, if not many, ask this question with a degree of 'challenge'. Why change from being a doctor, with five years at university, one year as a houseman (olden days folks - 100+ hour working weeks) another five years for post-graduate qualifications to become a qualified GP, then a Masters degree in Sports & Exercise medicine, studied for in my own time after coming home from a full time job? Not to mention training 40+ junior GP's over 23 years. All whilst spending 16 years in the Army as a Regimental Medical Officer and 16 years in the NHS as a GP.
Many people are interested in my reasons for change and the vast majority of people have been amazingly supportive and complementary towards my change of path, Inevitably, a small number I have met since leaving medicine have been openly critical of my decision. C'est la vie.
The answer isn't so simple - or is it?
The Author - Jordan 1998
When I was serving in the Army, there seemed to be two sorts of people leaving 'the firm'. One would loudly moan and groan about how 'hard done to' they were, the difficulties they had encountered and how the grass was always greener on the other side of the fence.
On the other hand - there were the people who I admired . These were people who, when asked about leaving, said they were doing it, in order to "do something" / "achieve something" / "aim for something" / "explore something" - you get the drift.
Perhaps too, it can be understood that these were the people who seemed to have a fun life, who were enjoying challenges and looked for projects and different things to do.
Bottom line - I wanted some of that. It was easy to moan about things (don't get me wrong - I have done my fair share of moaning in my time - and I'm enormously good at it - to which many people will jump forward to testify!) but the adventure, the challenge, the novelty of the positive approach to life, had become increasingly enticing.
In my career as a doctor I was witness to an enormous number of life events, some were inspiring, some saddening, some amazing, some tragic. All were important.
The people I was lucky enough to help, as their doctor, taught me a vast array of lessons and I am forever grateful. Practicing medicine was an honour and undoubtedly a true privilege. Military service also afforded me the luxury of travelling the world and meeting people and seeing sights that will live with me forever.
We talk currently of front-line heroes, and quite rightly so, well done all our front line staff, a celebration of your skills and commitment is massively important to us all.
...and all the other front line guys too !
In addition, my job has shown me that there are unsung heroes in every decade of our lifetime. For some, we are aware of their history, for most, we are unaware. That 'old lady' or 'old man' passing us quietly in the street, (or currently isolated at home during lockdown) minding their own business, likely has a story to tell.
Always trying to keep an 'ear out' for past experiences, I am humbled to have been the doctor to someone: who witnessed the last cavalry charge of the British Army into battle in WW1; who survived Dunkirk, who survived the Norwegian campaign as a Royal Marine Commando; who was a prisoner of war in the infamous Changi Prison in Singapore and another POW in Berlin who had to literally run from the conquering Russian forces when the prison gates were opened in order to survive (yes they were on the 'same side'!); who landed on the beaches on Day 1 of D-Day; who was a tail-end-Charlie gunner in a Lancaster bomber; who sailed in the Atlantic Convoys; who was sent to Korea at the age of 17, (arriving by the time he was 18 so he could fight),;who fought in Malaysia, the Falklands and many who fought in Iraq & Afghanistan.
LtCol Arthur Martin-Leake RAMC VC and bar Captain Noel Chavasse RAMC VC and bar
Two of the only three men ever awarded the Victoria Cross twice.
True heroes and both doctors in the Royal Army Medical Corps


Come and see how all the Holy One Blessed Be He's creations borrow from each other. The day borrows from the night, and the night from the day, and they do not litigate against each other as men do. … The moon borrows from the stars and the stars from the moon …. Light borrows from the sun, and the sun from light …. The Holy One Blessed Be He's creations borrow from each other and make peace with each other without taking interest. But with man, one lends to another and seeks to swallow him up with interest and theft.
A person who lends with interest, the Maggid explains, is the type of person who will not do anything for someone else unless he will gain some benefit in return. In the heavenly court, they deal with him in the same way, in line with our Sages' teaching that "with the same kind of measure that a person measures with, they measure out for him" (Mishnah Sotah 1:7). The angels could help him and raise points in his defense, but they hold back from providing him a benefit for free, just as he was unwilling to provide someone else a benefit for free.


Lane Deaver singled to center field.
Ty Comer walked; Lane Deaver advanced to second.
Hank Parsley walked; Ty Comer advanced to second; Lane Deaver advanced to third.
Casey Naff reached first on a fielding error by 3b; Hank Parsley advanced to second; Ty Comer advanced to third; Lane Deaver scored, unearned.
Chris Rollins reached first on a fielding error by 3b.
Z Arima hit by pitch.
Ty Comer singled to left field.
Taryn Hayden doubled to right field.
Paul Phillips doubled to left field.
Chris Rollins doubled to right center, RBI; Paul Phillips scored.
Z Arima singled to center field, RBI; Chris Rollins scored.
Will Carlton hit by pitch; Z Arima advanced to second.
Matt Reynolds advanced to second on a wild pitch.
Lane Deaver singled to center field, RBI; Matt Reynolds scored.
Josh Motto to p for Javin Metz.
Justin Cox to cf for Casey Naff.
Scott Gillespie doubled to left field; Will Cleland advanced to third.
Perry Rigby struck out swinging, Perry Rigby reached first on a wild pitch.
Paul Phillips hit by pitch, RBI; Perry Rigby advanced to second; Scott Gillespie advanced to third; Will Cleland scored.
Chris Rollins flied out to cf, sacrifice fly, RBI; Scott Gillespie scored.
Paul Phillips stole second; Perry Rigby stole third.
Jared Talley to p for Jeffery Swoope.
Justin Cox reached first on a throwing error by 3b.
Clay Massie singled to center field; Justin Cox advanced to second.
Taryn Hayden reached on a fielder's choice, SAC, bunt, Taryn Hayden advanced to third; Clay Massie scored; Justin Cox advanced to third, Justin Cox scored on a throwing error by p, unearned.
Matt Reynolds singled to third base, RBI; Adam Duncan advanced to second; Taryn Hayden scored, unearned.
Ty Comer flied out to cf, sacrifice fly, RBI; Matt Reynolds advanced to third; Adam Duncan scored, unearned.
Taylor Davis pinch hit for Jared Talley.
K.C. Simons doubled down the rf line.
Will Cleland singled to first base; K.C. Simons advanced to third.
Manny Torres to p for Taylor Davis.
Scott Gillespie doubled to left center, 2 RBI; Will Cleland scored; K.C. Simons scored.
David Lockwood flied out to cf, sacrifice fly, RBI; Scott Gillespie scored.
Paul Phillips singled to first base.
Chris Rollins reached first on a fielding error by 3b, Chris Rollins advanced to second; Paul Phillips scored, unearned.
Clay Massie singled to shortstop.
Taryn Hayden singled to right field; Clay Massie advanced to third.
Will Carlton reached first on a fielding error by ss.
K.C. Simons singled to left field; Will Carlton advanced to second.
K.C. Simons advanced to second on a wild pitch; Will Carlton advanced to third.
Perry Rigby reached on a fielder's choice; Will Cleland advanced to second; K.C. Simons advanced to third; Will Carlton out at home 3b to c.
David Lockwood doubled to center field, 3 RBI; Perry Rigby scored, unearned; Will Cleland scored, unearned; K.C. Simons scored, unearned.
Luke Harvey to cf for David Lockwood.


GW-01 - Found on a now disappeared website, but still available at http://newgon.com/CPP/index.htm.
See Alex's story in Rage of Consent (excerpt) by Heather Corinna in Soapbox Girls, July 2001.
A young woman talks about the relationship she had with an adult woman as a teenager.


"Alternative methods, such as self-reports are fraught with problems as people conform their responses to their own values and expectations," said Dr. Jacek Dmochowski, lead author of the paper and a postdoctoral fellow at City College during the research. However, brain signals measured using electroencephalography (EEG) can, in principle, alleviate this shortcoming by providing immediate physiological responses immune to such self-biasing. "Our findings show that these immediate responses are in fact closely tied to the subsequent behavior of the general population," he added.
In the study, participants watched scenes from "The Walking Dead" TV show and several commercials from the 2012 and 2013 Super Bowls. EEG electrodes were placed on their heads to capture brain activity. The reliability of the recorded neural activity was then compared to audience reactions in the general population using publicly available social media data provided by the Harmony Institute and ratings from the "USA Today's" Super Bowl Ad Meter.
"Brain activity among our participants watching "The Walking Dead" predicted 40% of the associated Twitter traffic," said Professor Parra. "When brainwaves were in agreement, the number of tweets tended to increase." Brainwaves also predicted 60% of the Nielsen Ratings that measure the size of a TV audience.
"Interesting ads may draw our attention and cause deeper sensory processing of the content," said Dr. Bezdek, a postdoctoral researcher at Georgia Tech's School of Psychology.


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Aiolština je souhrnný název pro skupinu nářečí starořečtiny používaných zhruba v letech 800–330 př. n. l. Jmenuje se podle Aiólů a nářečími z této skupiny se mluvilo především v Bojótii a na Lesbu, ale i v Thesálii a na západním pobřeží Malé Asie severně od Smyrny.

Nejvýznamnější autoři píšící v tomto nářečí byli Alkaios a Sapfó.

Reference

Starořečtina
Jazyky starověké Malé Asie

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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David Dobbins Receives Award from MFY Legal Services, Inc.
On October 16, MFY presented their Matthew G. Leonard Award for Pro Bono Achievement to David Dobbins. Their citation read: "Dave is recognized for his outstanding Pro Bono work for MFY on two interconnected cases. Two years ago, he began working with MFY attorneys on a challenge to the MTA's refusal to permit persons with mental disabilities to obtain the half-fare on the subway. After determining that a class action was the most efficient way to proceed, he learned that the federal Legal Services Corporation had imposed restrictions on MFY and all other recipients of federal LSC funding in 1996, barring them from bringing class actions. Dave became so offended by the notion that a lawyer could be barred from using important legal remedies on behalf of the poor that he became the named plaintiff on a test case challenging those restrictions, Dobbins v. LSC. He was joined by a number of members of the MFY Board of Directors who provided affidavits in support of what is now called the Dobbins case. "When MFY gave up the federal LSC funding in January 1, 2003, Dave co-counseled with MFY on the first MFY class action. The pressure brought by that suit has forced the MTA to change its discriminatory practices and thousands of mental health consumers can access half-fare benefits enabling them to visit their doctors, enjoy a visit with family and friends and begin the journey back to being active in the community through work and volunteer activities."


Swingers Keeping In Shape. | The Aussie Swingers. We Swing Around the World!
We are very excited to be heading away to Desire Resort in 3 weeks time. We've been eating right and exercising, trying to look and feel our best for the up coming vacation. Not only that, but to get the fitness and stamina to be able to go all night, every night and then front up for water volleyball each day – heck we have 8 nights / 9 days to endure! We love all of the daily water activities, and generally join in for the land based ones as well.
It made me think about what everyone else is doing (or usually does) in preparation. So, being an exercise physiologist, I thought I'd share with you some of the home and gym based exercise programs on the market. As a general rule, we don't actively exercise much on vacation, so we prepare ourselves before we go. We know swingers come in all shapes and sizes and that fitness is not high on some people's priorities, but it's far easier to lose a few pounds and get in shape before vacation, than trying to lose it after you get back home (or whilst you are there).
Ladies first. You don't need a lot of equipment or a gym membership to get in better shape before vacation, and the latest product released to the market is 'Venus Factor'. My lady is a personal trainer and trialled the product, which she says is so much more than just an exercise program. It sets out workouts for you and it's really clever in that if you can't remember how to do an exercise, you just click it and a demonstration video will be shown.
The great thing about it is that it also teaches you about nutrition and women's issues, like hormones to help you learn more about your body. And so you're never alone, you also get access to an online forum where you can discuss issues and get motivation from other users.
See a video preview of this here: Venus Factor System.
And guys, if you're heading towards your 40's (like me!), or are over the 40's age bracket, then 'Old School, New Body' is a great way to get fit and stay in shape in only 90 minutes a week. The recommendation is that this product will suit both men and women, so you can exercise together as a couple and keep each other motivated, or exercise with a friend.
The great thing about both of these programs is that they come with a 60 day money back guarantee so there's no risk to purchase. But don't use that as an excuse to bail out early; commit to the full program before you go and have more energy and stamina for all your sexual activities.
Make sure you keep an eye out for our next post which will be from Desire in the form of a video trip report. We can't wait to share it with you!
« Desire Los Cabos Is Closing.


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Stillness Is the Key Audiobook
Greek & Roman Philosophy, Philosophy
by Ryan Holiday
GRAB THE AUDIOBOOK NOW
http://www.audioliterate.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/107.mp3
The best-selling writer Ryan Holiday made ancient wisdom wildly popular with a modern generation of leaders in sports, politics, and technology in The Obstacle Is the Path and Ego Is the Enemy. Holiday uses timeless Stoic and Buddhist theory to explain that slowing down is the secret weapon for those pushing ahead in his new book, Stillness Is the Answer.
An indelible quality is shared by all great leaders, thinkers, artists, athletes, and visionaries. This makes it possible for them to control their tempers. To avoid distraction and to find great insights. To be happy and do the right thing. Ryan Holiday calls it to be still-to be still as the universe rotates around you. He outlines a course in this book to achieve this ancient yet urgent way of living. Based on a wide range of the greatest thinkers of history, from Confucius to Seneca, Marcus Aurelius to Thich Nhat Hanh, John Stuart Mill to Nietzsche, he argues that silence is not merely inactivity, but the doorway to self-mastery, discipline, and focus.
Holiday also explores figures that exemplified the power of silence: baseball player Sadaharu Oh, whose study of Zen made him the greatest home run hitter of all time; Winston Churchill, who managed to save the world from extinction in his Chartwell property by combining his busy public life with time spent laying bricks and painting; Fred Rogers, who taught generations of children Citizens were stressed more than ever. We are faced with challenges, egos and rivalry. Silence Is the Key provides a simple but motivating solution to 24/7 news and social media pressure. The quietness we all seek is the path to meaning, satisfaction, and excellence in a world that needs more than ever before.
We will be awarded some small Amazon Associates commissions on certain audiobook sales Privacy Policy


Comments: Never give up hope! Admissions will come!
Institution: Texas A&M University Economics Decision: Admitted Funding: will be notified tomorrow Notification date: 3/6/2012 Notified through: E-mail Posted on GC: no Comments: Never give up hope! Admissions will come!
There were 5 accepted out of 7 applicants.Of those accepted, average GPA was 3.70, average GREQ was 770.0.


The charm of Padanaram, a coastal enclave on Apponagansett Bay, enchants visitors with its rich seafaring history past and small town appeal. Sloping gently down to the harbor, the homes of this seaside town reflect a rich history that dates back more than 350 years. It's no wonder then, that those lucky enough to call Padanaram home, endeavor to keep this small village quaint and serene – no urban hustle and bustle here.
Padanaram and the other historic villages that comprise South Dartmouth, Massachusetts, are primarily residential. The area offers a variety of neighborhoods, each of which provides the foundation for a picture perfect, coastal lifestyle. In the summer months, homeowners, summer residents and visitors flock to nearby beaches while boaters take to the ocean, possibly for a quick jaunt to the nearby Elizabeth Islands. Some are lucky enough to keep their boats at the exclusive New Bedford Yacht Club, one of the oldest yacht clubs in America. While Padanaram's harbor and its variety of restaurants and boutiques cater to visitors, overall, commercialism and summer traffic don't distract from homeowners' relaxed way of life.
The ocean has always been an important part of Padanaram's history. In the 1700's, ship building was the village's main industry, then in later years, whaling and salt mining brought prosperity to the area. Evidence of this prosperity can be seen in the beautiful and varied architecture of local seaside homes, nearly all of which have been restored to their former glory. Federal style colonials, ornate Victorians, and coastal Capes are located throughout the village which has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Summer rentals also offer a respite for visitors to slow down and enjoy the best of a quintessential New England summer.
Despite its small-town ambiance, Padanaram and the other historic villages in the South Dartmouth area offer families a selection of beautiful coastal real estate. In addition to Padanaram, home buyers looking for charming villages or neighborhoods, may find their dream home in Mishaum Point, Nonquitt, Round Hill or Barney's Joy. Westport and the popular Horseneck State Beach is also just a short drive away.
If you're interested in finding a home in the South Dartmouth area, count on the professionals at Kinlin Grover. They can help you find the house of your dreams.


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Jeanette Ragland
Prince Harry's grandmother is known to be among the most famous and wealthiest women in the world. However, Megan Markle's grandmother didn't have the opportunity to grow in riches, but she was spectacular in her ways. It is said that she played a significant role in raising her granddaughter, Megan, and she was a single mother in most of her children's lives.
Where did Jeannette Ragland grow up? And more importantly, how did she contribute to the upbringing of the tough woman we know to be Prince Harry's wife? Please stick with me as we find out, among many other details, about Megan Markle's grandmother.
Jeanette Ragland's Bio
Real name: Jeanette Ragland
Birthdate: 1929
Father: James Arnold
Mother: Netty
Profession: Nurse
Spouse: Joseph Johnson
Alvin Azell Ragland
Children: Doria Loyce Ragland(Megan Markle's mother)
Joseph Johnson Jnr
Jeannette was born in1929 to James and Netty Arnold. She was raised and schooled in Cleveland. Even though we can't tell her education level, Ragland must have gained excellent life skills from her parents.
She was introduced to married life at the age of 19, to Joseph Johnson, Snr, who was also a Cleveland resident. With Johnson, Ragland had two children, namely, Joseph Jnr and Sandra.
Unfortunately, the couple went their separate ways a few years later. Consequently, Jeannette was forced to raise his two children single-handedly. But a few years later, she gave love another try.
This time, she got married to her second husband, Alvin Azell Ragland. With Alvin, Jeannette had her third child, Doria Loyce. Doria is mother to Prince Harry's wife, Megan Markle. Nonetheless, this union didn't last long either. After the divorce from her second husband, Jeannette didn't enter another relationship. She raised her children as a single mother, which must have demanded immense sacrifice and hard work.
While raising her children, she was strict in instilling vital life skills and virtues, such as compassion. Fortunately, her children were keen to learn, which they later transferred to their children. It is no wonder that Megan is a humanitarian and always performing acts of grace.
Besides raising her children, she played a significant role in raising her granddaughters. For instance, while Doria, Megan's mother, was far away, dealing with her career, Jeanette raised Megan.
Jeannette suffered a stroke in the year 2000, which claimed her life later. During her illness, her granddaughter was close to her, offering any needed assistance. Megan didn't only give her the required company but also fed her, among other duties she performed.
Jeannette Ragland was the grandmother to the widely known Duchess Megan Markle, Prince Harry's wife.
Besides, being a single mother of three kids, nothing could stop her from giving her children the best she could afford.
Joel Michael Singer
Cordell Richards


Property Location A stay at Montreal Marriott Chateau Champlain places you in the heart of Montreal, within a 15-minute walk of Bell Centre and Christ Church Cathedral. This 4-star hotel is 1 mi (1.6 km) from Notre Dame Basilica and 3.4 mi (5.4 km) from Saint Joseph's Oratory.Rooms Make yourself at home in one of the 611 air-conditioned rooms featuring LCD televisions. Complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and cable programming is available for your entertainment. Private bathrooms with shower/tub combinations feature complimentary toiletries and hair dryers. Conveniences include phones, as well as safes and desks.Amenities Pamper yourself with a visit to the spa, which offers massages and facials. You can take advantage of recreational amenities such as a health club and an indoor pool. This hotel also features complimentary wireless Internet access, concierge services, and gift shops/newsstands.Dining For lunch or dinner, stop by Samuel de Champlain, a restaurant that specializes in French cuisine. Dining is also available at the coffee shop/café, and room service (during limited hours) is provided. Wrap up your day with a drink at the bar/lounge. Buffet breakfasts are available for a fee.Business, Other Amenities Featured amenities include complimentary wired Internet access, a 24-hour business center, and express check-in. Planning an event in Montreal? This hotel has 35765 square feet (3323 square meters) of space consisting of a conference center and meeting rooms. Self parking (subject to charges) is available onsite.


KISAN 2018 - This year it will be the 28th event in the KISAN series. You can go through our 'Facts and Figures' to get an idea of our visitors in the previous years. We hope that your constant love and support will help us organize the forthcoming 28th KISAN Fair on an even larger scale.
A forum which helps farmers realize new ideas, technology & innovative concepts. Together, we will make KISAN 2017 a fruitful forum for our farmers.


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Q: slack-incoming-webhook: How to detect if a slack authorization has been revoked/removed? Is there a clean way to detect if the permissions of a slack app have been revoked?
When a team revokes my app and I attempt to send a message I get a 500 response:
{
  "status": "fail",
  "statusCode": 500,
  "headers": {
    "content-type": "text/html",
...
  },
  "response": "No service"
}

In some other cases, which I can't reproduce yet, I also get a 404 message.
A clean response would very helpful, as I can't really distinguish between a server failure and revoked token.

A: Response from Slack Support:

A "No service" respond indeed means that the hook has been revoked,
  you can safely delete the webhook URL and prevent any future calls.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


You know how certain foods, just like certain songs, can transport you back to a certain moment in time? For me, Baseball Nut ice cream is one of those foods. I didn't plan such a perfectly round number, but it was exactly 20 years ago this summer that I didn't go home from college for the summer for the first time. It was the summer after my sophomore year, and really, the next step in exercising my independence.
I rented the tiniest room known to man in a house rented by some of my friends who were already living out of the dorms. Seriously, it should have been a closet. My twin bed was just able to squeeze in between 3 of the walls, my other stuff in boxes stacked high against the fourth wall. I didn't have any room to walk, only enough room to open and close the door. After about a week or two, there was no hot water in the house and it was filthy (my housemates were all guys)—but I was on my own.
I didn't have a car, but it was the mid-90's, which meant that I rollerbladed everywhere. I lived in East Lansing, but worked in Okemos, which was about a 3 mile treck. I had pretty much the same meal every day: a sleeve of saltines, a tin of tuna fish, and an orange. Once a week I'd walk to Subway and order a Subway Club with light mayo and salt and pepper. And every once in a while I'd treat myself by popping in to Baskin-Robbins and ordering a double-scoop of Baseball Nut Ice Cream. Only that, never anything else.
If you've never tried Baseball Nut before, it's vanilla ice cream with cashews and a black raspberry ribbon. I'm not sure how cones I actually had that summer, but I've only been back to Baskin-Robbins a handful of times since...and really I can't remember the last time. Recently, I caught a status update of a friend on facebook who had just gotten two scoops of B-R ice cream, one being Baseball Nut—I haven't stopped thinking about it since.
Sure, I could've rollerbladed...okay, driven...to the nearest Baskin-Robbins to squash my craving, but instead I thought I'd try my hand at making a copycat version at home. I think I succeeded. It tastes like independence.
This copycat recipe of my favorite Baskin-Robbins ice cream, Baseball Nut, contains vanilla bean ice cream studded with cashews and swirled with a black raspberry ribbon. Every scoop is a grand slam.
Combine all of the ingredients for the black raspberry ribbon in medium saucepan over medium-high heat and bring to a boil. Reduce to a steady simmer and cook, stirring and pressing the berries against the side of the pan to release juices often, for about 8 minutes or until slightly thick. Pour into a metal strainer set over a small bowl and press on the solids to get as much sauce as possible; discard solids. Cover and refrigerate until cold, then proceed with the recipe.
Place heavy cream in a large mixing bowl and beat until stiff peaks form. Scrape the condensed milk mixture into the cream and gently fold in.
Pour 1/3 of the mixture into a 9 1/2" x 5 1/2" loaf pan. Scatter 1/3 of the cashews over the top, then drizzle 1/3 of the black raspberry mixture over it. Scoop another 1/3 of the ice cream mixture, followed by another 1/3 of the cashews and black raspberry mixture. Scoop the remaining ice cream mixture on top, followed by the remaining cashews and black raspberry mixture. Use a rubber spatula or the back of a spoon to gently smooth the top, pressing lightly to submerge any cashews.
Place a piece of plastic wrap directly on the surface of the ice cream, then slide the pan into the freezer for at least 6 hours or until firm before serving.
I'm excited to share this ice cream with the Progressive Eats Ice Cream Social this month!
Welcome to Progressive Eats, our virtual version of a Progressive Dinner Party. This month's theme is an Ice Cream Social and is hosted by Barbara Schieving who blogs at Barbara Bakes. With summer in full swing, now is the time to get outside and enjoy some ice cream with friends and family!


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Q: Coq Z_3 group definition left id theorem I am trying to prove that Z3 is a group.
Class Group G : Type :=
{
    e : G;
    mult : G -> G -> G;
    inv : G -> G;
    left_id : forall x:G, mult e x = x;
    left_inv : forall x:G, mult (inv x) x = e;
    assoc : forall x y z:G,
        mult x (mult y z) = mult (mult x y) z
}.

Record Z_3 : Type := Z3
{
  n :> nat;
  proof : n < 3
}.

(* Inhabitants of Z_3 type *)

Proposition lt_0_3 : 0 < 3.
Proof.
  repeat constructor.
Qed.

Definition z3_0 : Z_3 := (Z3 0 lt_0_3).

Proposition lt_1_3 : 1 < 3.
Proof.
  repeat constructor.
Qed.

Definition z3_1 : Z_3 := (Z3 1 lt_1_3).

Proposition lt_2_3 : 2 < 3.
Proof.
  repeat constructor.
Qed.

Definition z3_2 : Z_3 := (Z3 2 lt_2_3).
(* End of inhabitants definition *)

Proposition three_ne_0 : 3 <> 0.
Proof.
  intro. discriminate.
Qed.

Definition Z3_op (x y: Z_3) : Z_3 :=
  let a := (x + y) mod 3 in
  Z3 a (Nat.mod_upper_bound _ 3 three_ne_0).

Lemma Z_3_inv_lemma (k: nat) : (3 + k) < 3 -> False.
Proof.
  intro. inversion_clear H. inversion_clear H0. inversion_clear H. inversion_clear H0.
Qed.

Lemma void {t : Set} : False -> t.
Proof.
  intro. contradiction H.
Qed.

Definition Z_3_inv (x : Z_3) : Z_3 :=
  match x with
  | Z3 0 pf => Z3 0 pf
  | Z3 1 pf => Z3 2 lt_2_3
  | Z3 2 pf => Z3 1 lt_1_3
  | Z3 (S (S (S k))) pf => void (Z_3_inv_lemma k pf)
  end.

Proposition Z3_left_id : forall x: Z_3, (Z3_op z3_0 x) = x.
Proof.
  intro. unfold Z3_op. destruct x. inversion proof0.
  -

Here I am stuck:
1 subgoal (ID 46)

  n0 : nat
  proof0 : n0 < 3
  H0 : n0 = 2
  ============================
  {|
  n := (z3_0 + {| n := n0; proof := proof0 |}) mod 3;
  proof := Nat.mod_upper_bound
             (z3_0 + {| n := n0; proof := proof0 |}) 3
             three_ne_0 |} = {| n := n0; proof := proof0 |}

rewrite H0. doesn't work. Sorry, it's too hard for me to move further when these records are involved.

A: You should first create and apply a separate lemma, which lets you prove equalities between Z3 elements. Then you're reduced to having an equality of sigma types, for which you can e.g. follow
https://stackoverflow.com/a/27080869/53974.
In your case, however, axioms can be avoided — you don't need functional extensionality, and you can avoid the axiom of proof irrelevance by storing a type of proofs that is provably proof-irrelevant; it might be that z < 3 already is proof-irrelevant, because < is written to admit a unique inhabitant.
But otherwise, you can replace z < 3 with z <? 3 = true, which is proof-irrelevant by Hedberg's theorem.


Proposed probate court fees increase – scrapped for now!
In a surprise U-turn last night the Ministry of Justice have scrapped for now the proposed increase in probate fees. They have stated that there is not enough time for the proposed legislation to go through parliament ahead of the general election.
Nothing has been said as yet on whether scheme will be brought back if the government are re-elected.
During a marriage, particularly a lengthy marriage, it is very possible that one or other spouse may have received significant monies from the death of a parent which have been put towards reduction of the mortgage on the home, purchase of buy to let investment property or maybe a holiday villa in Spain.
In short the answer is not necessarily. The ability to "ring fence" an inheritance will depend upon when it was received, how much it amounted to, what the other assets that are available for division, and what the respective financial needs of the parties are particularly for rehousing.
Whether you are trying to protect an inheritance upon divorce or claim against inheritance wealth, legal advice is certainly worthwhile.
Angela Moores says "a High Court case published during August 2011 known as AR v AR examines this topic once again. The principle of fairness is referred to throughout that case. What however amounts to fairness will vary from one case to another and from one person's perspective to another".
There is no mathematically exact calculation that can be done and each case is different- hence the need for expert family law advice at the outset to set everyone on the right track as to their expectations.
An asset cannot be considered to form part of the assets for division on divorce unless and until it actually belongs to one or other of the spouses. Therefore something that may or may not happen in the future (such as the receipt of an inheritance) cannot be taken as certain and cannot be taken into account. The parent may need to utilise their monies for residential care prior to their demise. Similarly the parent may determine to spend spend spend on cruises, high living and enjoying their final years. Generally, an inheritance has no certainty or entitlement until a person dies.
In answer to the question posed, it may be if a death is anticipated in the short term, that some form of contingent payment could be built into a settlement. If a settlement is not a "clean break" settlement (ie there are ongoing financial responsibilities between the spouses such as maintenance payments) then once an inheritance falls in, such ongoing issues can be revisited. However the benefit of a "clean break" deal is that each party is free to go forward in life without the risk of further claim from the other and that includes on any future inheritance.
What's domicile? And why does it matter?
The question of domicile is fundamental to how a person's worldwide assets are taxed in the UK during their lifetime and on their death. It is particularly important that the issue of domicile is considered whilst the client is alive and able to arrange their financial affairs tax efficiently.
A person domiciled in the UK is subject to inheritance tax (IHT) on their worldwide assets. A person who lives in the UK but is not domiciled here will only be subject to UK IHT on their assets situated in the UK.
Sometimes it is easy to make assumptions about a person's domicile position but because of the complexities of law those assumptions may not be correct.
A child usually obtains their domicile from their father, regardless of where the child is born or lives. A child born in the UK to a father domiciled in India will have a domicile of origin in India. However, if the father changes his own domicile before the child reaches the age of 16 then the child's domicile also changes.
Therefore, you may find you have to establish your client's father's domicile before you are able to establish your client's domicile with any degree of certainty.
However, to counter potential tax avoidance HMRC have a concept of 'deemed domicile'. If an individual is in the UK for 17 out of 20 tax years HMRC will deem them as domiciled in the UK and their worldwide estate will be subject to UK tax.
This means it is usually difficult to do any IHT planning based on a person being non UK domiciled if they have been in the UK for 17 or more of the last 20 years.
A few countries, including India, Pakistan, France and Italy, have double tax treaties with the UK that were written before 'deemed domicile' was introduced. The treaties with India and Pakistan offer the most scope for effective IHT planning and you don't need to have been born there to make use of this.
If your client has lived in the UK for many years but their father was domiciled in India or Pakistan and they can illustrate that they don't have any permanent intention to stay in the UK, you could save them a considerable amount of money through effective estate planning.
Importantly they must have an English Will for their UK assets and a non-UK Will to ensure their non-UK assets don't pass through the UK Will. This must be done correctly and professional advice should be taken to ensure that one Will is not revoked by the other.
The Government announced in the budget yesterday that the tax-free nil-rate band for IHT, which currently stands at £325,000 (£650,000 for married couples & civil partners), will be frozen until 2017/18. This supersedes their announcement in the Autumn Statement last year that increased the level to £329,000 in 2015/16.
In addition the Chancellor announced plans to further stamp down on IHT avoidance schemes. HMRC will change the existing treatment of liabilities, setting new rules on when deductions would be allowable or restricting the deduction altogether so as to avoid any possible tax advantage. This measure is in support of the government's anti-avoidance strategy.
Despite Chancellor George Osborne's Autumn Statement pledge to raise the inheritance tax (IHT) threshold by 1% – to £329,000 for individuals and £658,000 for couples – in 2015/2016. It is now being reported that the government will freeze the IHT threshold – at £325,000 for individuals and £650,000 for couples – until 2019.
The extended freeze is expected to part-fund the government's plans for a cap on elderly care fees.
Further to our news story in February 2012, HMRC has successfully appealed the tribunal's decision in which a holiday lettings business was granted business property relief from inheritance tax.
The original tribunal ruled that a holiday let was too active an operation to be an investment and must be regarded as a business asset.
The Upper Tribunal has now reversed this, accepting HMRC's argument that the business was 'mainly' one of holding the property as an investment. The business is therefore not entitled to any relief from inheritance tax.
George Osborne revealed in his Autumn statement yesterday that the tax free nil-rate band for inheritance tax (IHT) will increase to £329,000 in year 2015/16.
The current nil-rate of £325,000 has been in place since 2009.
The increase in the nil-rate band means that as of 2015/16 a married couple/civil partnership will be able to leave £658,000 before IHT is payable.


The Kawasaki KLR 600 E is a 4 stroke, Enduro bike with a Liquid cooled 564.00 ccm (34,25 cubic inches) Single cylinder, 4 Valve type of engine. This engine then gets the power to the rear wheel with a Chain driven transmission.
If you are looking for Kawasaki KLR 600 E Tyres then you will need to look for the right sizes. On this model the Front Tyre size is 90/90 - 21 and the Rear Tyre size is 130/80 - 17 so before going ahead and purchasing a tyre, double check that it is the right size.
To stop this bike you will need decent brakes. The Kawasaki KLR 600 E comes with Single disc brakes on the front and Expanding brake brakes on the rear to ensure you will stop quickly if you need to.
Are you looking for a specific part for the Kawasaki KLR 600 E? Leave a message and our other users may be able to help!


The California 300 will mark Cole Custer's second NASCAR Xfinity Series start at his hometown track, Auto Club Speedway in Fontana, California.
Custer was born and raised in Ladera Ranch, California, where he began his racing career turning laps at local short tracks including Orange Show Speedway in San Bernardino and I-10 Speedway in Blythe.
Custer is no stranger to winning at California tracks where he has never competed. In 2012, Custer won his first start at I-10 Speedway in the Late Model Stock Car division.
In 2005, Custer won six races in the Jr. Novice Series at Pomona Valley on his way to winning the Quarter Midget championship in the Jr. Novice Series. Custer would go on to win Quarter Midget championships in the Senior Honda and Senior Stock divisions four years later.
In 2011, Custer became the United States Auto Club National Young Gun champion, winning 15 of 22 races.
Custer has earned two top-10 finishes this season – earned consecutively at Atlanta Motor Speedway and Las Vegas Motor Speedway.
In Custer's only Xfinity Series start at Fontana, he ran consistently inside the top-10 until he was involved in an accident on lap 106.
Custer is 11th in the Xfinity Series championship standings with 100 points.
The No. 00 Haas Automation Mustang will run a special check donation decal on the deck lid this weekend. The Gene Haas Foundation announced a $7 million dollar Scholarship donation to STEM CNC machining schools Tuesday.
During the week leading into the California 300 at Fontana, Custer's scheduled included a visit to Loma Linda Children's Hospital, racing at the K1 Speed Go Karting complex with students from the Lefty's Kids Club, and joining fans during a hauler parade at 6 p.m. Thursday at the track.
Custer will be welcomed home with a special ticket package. The Welcome Home Cole Custer ticket package includes a $10 ticket to the California 300, a free No. 00 hat and signed hero card, and admission to a Q&A with Custer in the Fan Zone. Tickets can be purchased by visiting AutoClubSpeedway.com/Cole.
Haas Automation, the largest CNC machine tool manufacturer in North America and sponsor of Custer's No. 00 Ford Mustang, is headquartered just two hours from Auto Club Speedway in Oxnard, California. Gene Haas, founder of Haas Automation Inc., first opened for business in Sun Valley, California, in 1983 machining parts for the electronics and aerospace industries.
Are you excited to return to your home track with some experience under your belt?
How cool is it to have a ticket package named after your return home to California?
You were a part of a huge donation to STEM CNC machining schools with the Gene Haas Foundation. What was that like?
Talk about growing up in Ladera Ranch, California, where racing wasn't exactly on the main stage.
Do you attribute your success to growing up around the local tracks in California?
Besides racing, what was life in California like?
Are you more confident this time around heading to Cole's home track?


text:
Q: PANDAS tricky groupby using multiple groups in a list within a single column Stumped. Imagine a dataframe with a column that contains multiple product category "tags", some of which are in a list, like so.
import pandas as pd

raw = {
    'Products' : ['Rock On Leather Journal',
                  'Beats Earbuds In Ear Timer',
                  'Garmin 25mm Wristwatch'
                 ],
    'Product Cost': [55,163,200],
    'Product Category' : [['Music','Journals','Paper'],
                          ['Headphones','Music', 'Clocks'],
                          ['Watches','Clocks']]
}

data = pd.DataFrame(raw)

What's the best way to get a count of how many Products within each Category, and to average the costs for each category? For example,
Music: Count-?, Avg Price-?
Normally this would be a straightforward process using a map or a groupby. But the presence of lists in the category column adds a tricky twist.

A: Source DF:
In [21]: data
Out[21]:
              Product Category  Product Cost                    Products
0     [Music, Journals, Paper]            55     Rock On Leather Journal
1  [Headphones, Music, Clocks]           163  Beats Earbuds In Ear Timer
2            [Watches, Clocks]           200      Garmin 25mm Wristwatch

First lets transform (flatten) it into the following DF:
In [22]: lst_col = 'Product Category'
    ...:
    ...: x = pd.DataFrame({
    ...:     col:np.repeat(data[col].values, data[lst_col].str.len())
    ...:     for col in data.columns.difference([lst_col])
    ...: }).assign(**{lst_col:np.concatenate(data[lst_col].values)})[data.columns.tolist()]
    ...:

In [23]: x
Out[23]:
  Product Category  Product Cost                    Products
0            Music            55     Rock On Leather Journal
1         Journals            55     Rock On Leather Journal
2            Paper            55     Rock On Leather Journal
3       Headphones           163  Beats Earbuds In Ear Timer
4            Music           163  Beats Earbuds In Ear Timer
5           Clocks           163  Beats Earbuds In Ear Timer
6          Watches           200      Garmin 25mm Wristwatch
7           Clocks           200      Garmin 25mm Wristwatch

Now we can easily "count of how many Products within each Category, and to average the costs for each category":
In [25]: x.groupby('Product Category')['Product Cost'].agg(['size', 'mean']).reset_index()
Out[25]:
  Product Category  size   mean
0           Clocks     2  181.5
1       Headphones     1  163.0
2         Journals     1   55.0
3            Music     2  109.0
4            Paper     1   55.0
5          Watches     1  200.0

Some explanations:
number of list elements in each row:
In [7]: data[lst_col].str.len()
Out[7]:
0    3
1    3
2    2
Name: Product Category, dtype: int64

using this information we can replicate all non-list columns as follows:
In [3]: x = pd.DataFrame({
   ...:     col:np.repeat(data[col].values, data[lst_col].str.len())
   ...:     for col in data.columns.difference([lst_col])
   ...: })

In [4]: x
Out[4]:
   Product Cost                    Products
0            55     Rock On Leather Journal
1            55     Rock On Leather Journal
2            55     Rock On Leather Journal
3           163  Beats Earbuds In Ear Timer
4           163  Beats Earbuds In Ear Timer
5           163  Beats Earbuds In Ear Timer
6           200      Garmin 25mm Wristwatch
7           200      Garmin 25mm Wristwatch

now we can add flattened list column:
In [8]: np.concatenate(data[lst_col].values)
Out[8]:
array(['Music', 'Journals', 'Paper', 'Headphones', 'Music', 'Clocks', 'Watches', 'Clocks'],
      dtype='<U10')

In [5]: x.assign(**{lst_col:np.concatenate(data[lst_col].values)})
Out[5]:
   Product Cost                    Products Product Category
0            55     Rock On Leather Journal            Music
1            55     Rock On Leather Journal         Journals
2            55     Rock On Leather Journal            Paper
3           163  Beats Earbuds In Ear Timer       Headphones
4           163  Beats Earbuds In Ear Timer            Music
5           163  Beats Earbuds In Ear Timer           Clocks
6           200      Garmin 25mm Wristwatch          Watches
7           200      Garmin 25mm Wristwatch           Clocks

and finally we simply select columns in the original order:
In [6]: x.assign(**{lst_col:np.concatenate(data[lst_col].values)})[data.columns.tolist()]
Out[6]:
  Product Category  Product Cost                    Products
0            Music            55     Rock On Leather Journal
1         Journals            55     Rock On Leather Journal
2            Paper            55     Rock On Leather Journal
3       Headphones           163  Beats Earbuds In Ear Timer
4            Music           163  Beats Earbuds In Ear Timer
5           Clocks           163  Beats Earbuds In Ear Timer
6          Watches           200      Garmin 25mm Wristwatch
7           Clocks           200      Garmin 25mm Wristwatch

A: This depends on your case. If it's this size, you might want to create a boolean column for each element - e.g.
unique_products = set(chain(*data['Product Category']))
for product in unique_products:
    data['product_{}.format(product) = data.Products.apply(lambda x: product in x)

Alternately, if you've got a large pool of products, go ahead and use data.Product.apply(lamba x: product in x) as necessary.  You can also use data.Product.isin([product_one, product_two]) to perform a a similar check.
Once you have a synthetic column, you can use that for merging.