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SCIMAR.CA
How science comes to life
Meet Dan Riskin
About SciMar
Going back to Square One
Season 1: Episode 9
Starting a story at the beginning makes sense… but what if there is a mistake in that first sentence? Does it invalidate the rest of the story? What if your experiment is based on an assumption that later turns out to be false? And how can you protect your tower of discoveries from tumbling down?
We start with an unbelievable story about New York City being buried in horse manure, and discover the solution is in Detroit. Then we witness how British doctors thought they had solved polio, but actually hadn't.
Finally Dr Wayne Lautt explains Looping Theory… and how that can mistake proof your experimental results.
These science stories from history shed light on the modern research being done on Type 2 Diabetes. Specifically, we highlight the work of SciMar as they examine the hormone HISS – Hepatic Insulin Sensitizing Substance – and the effect it has on glucose levels in people who are insulin resistant. www.SciMar.ca
This story starts a couple hundred years ago…
Back when North America was evolving from mostly rural, to become more urban.
America not so long ago was a continent of wilderness and open space.
In colonial times, Boston was the biggest city in America.
Around 1750 … it lost that status to Philadelphia.
And thirty years later – just after American independence – New York City moved into the top spot.
It's been there ever since.
When it took the title, New York was home to a whopping 30-thousand people… that's it… but a century later – around 1880 – it topped one million.
The growth rate was astronomical.
Now America is a land of mighty cities and much of our space has been transformed into Urban density.
All those people needed housing… drinking water… sanitation…. And transportation.
It is of the utmost important for us to remember that throughout most of the history of civilization man has been dependent upon animals for transportation.
In the case of New York in 1880 — those animals were horses.
Some people rode horses.
Some drove a cart that was pulled by horses.
They even invented "Horsecars" – those were trolleys that rode on rails, but were pulled by horses, too.
The rails reduced friction so two horses could pull a trolley holding 20 people. It was a masterpiece of efficiency.
But… after four hours of pulling passengers around Manhattan, those two horses would be pretty tired.
They'd have to be relieved and two fresh animals had to be put in their place. So the city had to house, feed and care for eight horses, per trolly.
And then you add in all the police horses, the delivery horses, the privately owned horses… and you've got a city with more than 150-thousand of those animals working the streets.
Have you ever walked behind a horse? Maybe seen a bunch of them in a parade? If you have, then you'll know a basic fact about horses … …They poop. They poop a lot.
How much?….I'm glad you asked… Roughly twenty-eight pounds of manure, per animal, per day. give or take.
Multiply that by the number of horses and the city of New York and you are basically looking at a city that was ankle deep in the brown stuff…
I crunched the numbers … It's more than 750-thousand tons every year falling on the roads of New York.
When it rained, the roads turned into a swamp of oozing filth. When it was hot and dry, it was almost worse. Dust storms of feces would blow through the streets. Going up your nose, and filling your eyes…
Oh and the flies. Can you imagine the flies?
Now let's get back to that explosive growth rate I mentioned earlier… New York had gone from 30-thousand people to one million in a hundred years. The number of horses was growing at the same rate… And with that, the volume of feces.
The city leaders needed a plan to save the city.
Private companies were allowed to harvest the manure and sell it as fertilizer to nearby farms… but honestly, there were only so many farms within a distance where the cost of distribution made sense. So you had way more supply and not enough demand, so those fertilizer distribution companies couldn't make enough money, and they ended up folding. That didn't work.
But then – a partial solution. The city passed a law that all horses had to be kept in a stable at night and not just left on the streets. The idea was that their nighttime droppings would have to be looked after by the animal's owner instead of falling on the street. And that would probably solve the problem? Yah it helped… a bit… … but it didn't help enough.
The piles continued to grow.
In 1898 the world's first "International Urban Planning Conference" was held right in New York. Representatives from the largest cities across North America and Europe gathered for this event – you had London, Berlin, Chicago, Montreal – they all sent representatives.
The agenda included discussions on crime, taxation, and infrastructure. But the marquee topic that everyone was really there to solve… was the topic of horse manure.
The delegates from London, England predicted that within 50 years the piles of dung in their city would be 9 feet deep. That's more than a horse deep. Sorta hard to picture how the horse poops when it is already in poop above its head.
New York's planning department said their piles would reach third floor windows in just 30 years. Again I find myself wondering how they thought this scenario would play out … but the numbers speak for themselves.
The greatest minds of the world's greatest cities discussed this problem, but they couldn't come up with a plan to save their citizens from being buried alive.
Three days into what was supposed to be a 10 day conference… they all gave up and went home. There was no point discussing any of the other topics. Because if they couldn't deal with the manure, none of those other things were gonna matter.
In 1920 – New York's horse population reached 1 million, the manure on 5th Avenue was waist deep… swarms of flies triggered an outbreak of typhoid fever… hundreds of thousands of people died. People fled the island of Manhattan to escape the plague. Within three years the city was abandoned. And to this day no one goes there.
Oh wait. That's not what happened at all. But why didn't it happen?
Well, because something happened to change the city's trajectory.
In 1903… five years after that planning conference ended without a solution… Henry Ford sold his first automobile.
Cars at that time were noisy and unreliable and not particularly fast… but for all the carbon dioxide they pump into the atmosphere every year, there is one way in which cars are magnificent for the environment… … they do not drop 28 pounds of manure on the street every day. And that is a blessing.
The transition was quick. By 1912, cars outnumbered horses in New York City. Five years after that, the last horse drawn trolley was taken out of service, and the streets of New York have been more-or-less free of manure ever since.
The motorization of our economy – so new, so powerful, so revolutionary is this force that we have hardly been able to appraise it's influence. Moreover its impact has struck every American community.
Imagine that… the most dire crisis facing America's largest and fastest growing city didn't actually need a solution.
Because, the underlying assumption – that the number of horses would continue to increase at the same rate as the population — was wrong.
I'm Dan Riskin – and this is "Inside the Breakthrough – How Science Comes to Life" – an original podcast by SciMar.
This series tells some of the best stories from the history of science… and looks for enduring lessons within them.
Along the way we get some help from vintage 1950's newsreels…
Progress is being made, and research is leading the way.
…and from Dr Wayne Lautt – the founder of SciMar – a researcher working on his own medical breakthrough… a paradigm shift in the way we view diabetes.
The biological sciences continue to take their place in the ongoing pattern of achievement by advancing man's understanding of life itself.
The city planners of New York were unable to find a solution to their manure problem… but ultimately, they were bailed out because one of their underlying assumptions … the paradigm they were invested in… was wrong.
But here's an even scarier scenario: Your assumptions might be right, and your solution might work… for a while. But if there's a piece of the puzzle out of place… something you haven't realized needs to be taken into account…. The whole house of cards can come crashing down, even though on the surface everything looked fine a few moments ago.
How? I'll show you.
This is Episode 9 – Square One.
In London England in the 1890's — while their city planners were trying to find a solution to the aforementioned horse manure problem… health officials were worried about something else: A horrible, crippling disease that was spreading through the population.
It was a mysterious illness, with horrible consequences, that struck instantly.
One day you would wake up with a headache; an hour later you were paralyzed. Maybe just one leg, maybe your arms. Some victims lost the ability to breathe.
It was horrifying.
The city was just 40 years removed from a cholera outbreak – an epidemic that killed 52-thousand people in the country…. The hero of that story was a doctor named John Snow — He's the one that figured out the illness was carried by bad water.
In a famous act, he removed the handle from a public water pump on Broad Street. That prevented people from drawing water from a well that Snow believed was contaminated.
He was right – and as soon as people started getting water from safe sources, things got better.
The people of London decided to use the same approach for this new paralytic disease.
They cleaned up the public sewers and improved the way they handled their drinking water.
The result was a stark drop in the number of cases. The medical experts of the day had defeated yet another deadly disease. People rejoiced.
Fifty years later, though, on the other side of the Atlantic, it came back with a vengeance.
As epidemics grew in community after community. A steady stream of victims was rushed to hospitals. Men, women, children. As always, especially children.
That's from 1955… a public service announcement by the March of Dimes… It's filled with images of children wearing leg braces, and people lying inside iron lungs.
It warns people of a disease … the same paralytic disease that British doctors thought they had beaten.
But now it had a name… and that name was Polio.
Medical experts preached a combination of sanitation and separation.
Deserted beaches became a sign of the cripplers presence.
No swimmers or boaters, where crowds would normally be in summertime. A children's playground with not a child in sight.
It's not hard to imagine those empty playgrounds… we've seen them ourselves in the era of COVID-19. In fact, we've approached the latest pandemic in much the same way people responded to polio.
In Wisconsin, theatres closed.
In Massachusetts, people even feared to go to shopping centers. Leaving a few lonely cars where normally there would be hundreds.
It was as though people had shut themselves up in their houses trying to hide from an unseen and deadly enemy.
But with Polio, it didn't work.
I want to go back to that moment in the 1890's when the British thought they had Polio beat, and look at it with the benefit of what we now know about the disease.
So, they thought the disease was spread through poor sanitation. That was their assumption – and their assumption was correct. Polio is not spread directly person to person – it's spread via fecal-oral transmission. So, if human waste gets into the water system and people drink it, they get sick.
They implemented better sanitation – and transmission went down. So, their solution did work.
But why then did Polio come roaring back half a century later?
Well, it's because sandwiched between their correct assumption and their correct solution… there was a mistake.
What they didn't know back then is that there are two stages to the polio infection. In the first mild stage the infection stays in the digestive system and doesn't attack the nerves. Most babies are able to fight this off because they have maternal immunity – that's the antibodies they get either in the womb or through breast-feeding.
Now, if you are exposed to polio later in childhood or as an adult – you are prone to the second, more aggressive stage of the disease… that's where it gets into your central nervous system and that leads to paralysis and death.
Here's the critical point: Exposure to that first stage – via maternal antibodies – the one that doesn't really make you sick – that gives you long-term immunity against polio. A baby who got the maternal version of the virus as a baby is immune to the deadly version later in life.
So, the unforeseen consequence of better hygiene and sanitation at the end of the 1800s was that babies in clean surroundings stopped encountering the infection in this safe way – via maternal immunity. So, those babies growing up in their new clean era failed to develop any kind of immunity. So when they encountered the disease later in life, they weren't protected
So yes, the better sanitation worked… and hey better sanitation is always a good idea… but what we didn't know is that living in cleaner areas, was robbing babies of the chance to acquire their own immunity. That short-term solution didn't work in the long-term.
Once the process was understood correctly, researchers made a vaccine. And that safely gave everyone immunity.
Just a quick aside here because I know there are a small number of people who think that somehow getting immunity 'the natural way' is better than getting it from a vaccine. But honestly, it's not. With a vaccine you get an 'inactive' version of the virus, or some part of the virus, in a way that is far, far, far safer than actually catching the disease. I just wanted to make that clear.
Trying to get immunity by purposely getting the illness itself is the opposite of a smart strategy. I mean, think of it this way, you could inoculate babies against polio by exposing them to fecally contaminated water – that's what happened in Victorian England – but is that really what you want to do? (Anyway, that's another podcast for another day. Let me get back to this.)
When the public health officials of England announced they had ended the Polio epidemic by cleaning the streets, they were engaging, unknowingly, in a psychological process called "Belief Bias."
Here's belief bias in a nutshell…
Dogs have wet noses.
Elliott – who is sitting on my lap right now – has a wet nose.
Therefore, Elliott is a dog.
Both of those initial statements are true…. Dogs do have wet noses, and Elliott does have a wet nose
The conclusion is also true. Elliott is, in fact, a dog.
(He's a 13-year-old Boston Terrier, and he's gorgeous.)
But that doesn't mean the logic of the argument holds up.
Elliott could have been a 6-year-old kid with a runny nose. He would have had a wet nose. But he wouldn't have been a dog.
And this is a problem that often comes up with experimental design… sometimes your assumptions, your observations, and your conclusions all line up perfectly… even though there is a flaw in the logic of your argument. You can get the right answer, but for the wrong reason.
And if that happens, it will haunt you down the line.
I want to bring in Dr Wayne Lautt here – he's the founding researcher behind SciMar.
Dr. Lautt understands this idea of a flawed assumption or a flawed argument leading to an invalid result…. so well that he even has a recurring nightmare about it.
It starts with him finding out that when he was in high school, he failed math.
I had apparently missed taking the final exam. But because I didn't have that, my high school certificate was invalid and therefore my undergraduate degree was invalid and therefore my masters and PhD were invalid and therefore my post-doc was invalid, and therefore my assistant professorship on up was invalid. The simple thing was that you don't have your high school, none of the rest of your life is validated. You got to go back.
(laughing) OK so, Wayne graduated high school 56 years ago, so I'm pretty sure the statute of limitations has run out on that… (assuming he even did actually miss that exam)…. so I'm going to assume all his subsequent degrees are fine.
But let's play Freud here for a second. And maybe consider the idea that Dr. Lautt's recurring dream isn't really about high school. Maybe it's a metaphor about his current work.
If you don't want your conclusion, or your solution, to be undermined by a single bad piece of data… or a single bad assumption you made back in the day…. You can't build your ideas like a tower of blocks … each stacked on top of one another.
So, Dr. Lautt says the solution is to develop your ideas as a bunch of circles instead.
That's a concept that I refer to as looping. Looping theory is a conceptual way of organizing your thoughts and your concepts around a scientific area. You start off with an observation and a knowledge background. You come up with a hypothesis. At that moment, you're starting a new point in a logic loop. You design your protocol, you do your experiments, you get results. That loops back now on that starting point line.
Each time you do an experiment to test a hypothesis, you create a new loop.
If it doesn't loop back and you don't learn something, that's a failure, as you're shooting off out in space. So it has to loop back.
Your next experiment might be a completely separate circle. That's fine… but eventually you want your circles to intersect.
And the more intersections you can get in your loops, the stronger the structure becomes, the more illumination you have. And so you can get this three-dimensional image in your mind of all of these ideas that are looping around, and when you design your experiments, you design so that they cut across as many of those loops as you possibly can.
The initial experiments test your simple self-contained assumptions:
Does having more horses lead to more manure?
Does closing schools stop the spread of Polio?
Does Elliott the Boston Terrier have a wet nose?
But answering those doesn't mean you understand the whole process….
You need to come up with experiments that cross multiple circles of knowledge.
And that's why my protocols tend to get fairly complex, that in one experiment, I may be trying to cut across three or four different lines simultaneously. And if you can design your experiments so that you can cut across several of these logic lines, you got a logic loop now that's really strong. Breaking the chain in one part isn't going to destroy the whole package.
It's basically like the traditional scientific method but it's rendered in 3D.
One more connection between the Horse poop story and the Polio story…
People wanted horses for transportation – but the pollution they produced (aka manure) made the city unliveable. The gasoline powered car is better — but it's not perfect because there is still pollution.
Well, it's the same with the British efforts to use sanitation to prevent polio… that got us part way there.. but it took a vaccine to eradicate the disease.
When you get to diabetes… Insulin was a huge step forward… it stopped people from falling into comas and dying. But it didn't cure them. So maybe for that, we need a new approach.
Thanks for indulging me on that one. It's a fun way to look at the whole "thinking like a scientist" idea we started this series with.
Speaking of this series… our next episode is the last one in the first season.
It's going to be a bit different.
We are going looking for "the blip."
Remember when Marie Curie had proven the existence of Radium… but hadn't yet isolated that one-tenth of gram?
Or remember when Urbain LeVerrier said "I know Neptune is at this location…" but noone had been able to visually see it yet.
Well, that is where SciMar is right now….
They've shown that the hormone called "HISS" is present.
They've shown that in rats… triggering the parasympathetic nerves in the liver gets their muscles to pull more glucose out of the blood stream… reversing the effects of type 2 diabetes.
And they created a synthetic version of HISS that stimulates the same activity.
But… and this is a big 'but' … they haven't yet produced a bowl of it…or a vial, or whatever you put a hormone in to keep it fresh — I don't know, Tupperware? We'll find out.
So, stay tuned for episode 10 – Seeing the Blip
It will come out … well… when they see the blip.
I'm Dan Riskin. Thanks for joining me on this, and every episode of "Inside the Breakthrough – How Science Comes to Life."
Oh, one last thing …
That whole horse manure in the city problem wasn't just a New York thing… it's been a problem for a long time.
In ancient Rome, Julius Caesar, was so annoyed by the noise, congestion, and filth that he banned horse drawn carriages for the first 10 hours of every day.
That meant pedestrians could enjoy the city in safety from sunrise until early evening… but 2 hours before sunset, anyone with an old mare and a wagon, or a pair of thoroughbreads and a chariot, would take to the streets to enjoy their brief window of mobility. It was pure anarchy. Imagine all those delivery drivers in a mad dash to get their work done before the sky went dark. Pandemonium. hundreds of people racing around, children jumping out of the way… all for fear of the onslaught of horses, and of course of the rising tide of manure that came up behind them.
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It is pretty clear that London has long used reprocessed material from the Dounreay station in the far North of Scotland to clean up spent fuel AND obtain materials for weapons of MAD destruction.
How appropriate that new Labour should help 'save the world' by bringing in many kilos of weapon ready Uranium from Georgia and then lie, saying it was to keep it OUT of weapons manufacture... as they pushed it South to Aldermaston on the next fast train to Reading!
Londons supply of weapons material will be cut off from Dounreay, the Scottish National Party will not support this lie any more.


This name is in version 1.1 of The Plant List, record kew-2711637, with some changes.
The record derives from WCSP (in review) which reports it as a synonym with original publication details: Boston J. Nat. Hist. 5: 247 1845 .
Full publication details for this name can be found in IPNI: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:130034-1.


With Top Knobs Normandy Traditional Appliance Pulls you can give your appliances (Sub-Zero) the same stylish appeal as your cabinetry. These stylish appliance handles come in 7", 8", 12"or 18" boring and 9 finishes. Not all sizes available in each finish.
Boring: 7", 8", 12", 18"


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This information may be useful to you "isis"
the International Species Information System (ISIS, www.isis.org
ISI's Web of Knowledge
ISIS: Inside the Army of Terror: Michael Weiss, Hassan Hassan: 9781941393574: Amazon.com: Books
Political and military maneuvering by the United States, Iraq, Iran, and Syria have fueled ISIS's explosive expansion. ISIS: Inside the Army of Terror (Updated Edition) and millions of other books are available for instant access.
#ISIS - Twitter Search / Twitter
#Kurdish female soldiers dancing in #Raqqa after defeating ISIS, on streets where #ISIS so called Islamic state bought and sold women. Isis King.
ISIS | Foreign Affairs
Aung San Suu Kyi's Major Speech on Rakhine State. Creating a State Department Office for American State and Local Diplomacy.
Isis: the inside story | Martin Chulov | World news | The Guardian
The jihadist, who uses the nom de guerre Abu Ahmed, entered Camp Bucca as a young man a decade ago, and is now a senior official within Islamic State (Isis) - having risen through its ranks with many of the men who served time alongside him in prison. For Isis, the relatively quiet years between 2008 and 2011 represented a lull, not a defeat.
ISIS News plus Videos, Pictures and Updates on Islamic State | Daily Mail Online
In another, Ismail Abedi points to a book about Isis at a bookshop. Elias Djelloul, 19, from east London, allegedly posted six videos, including one featuring 'Isis training', between July 24 and September 7, 2021 Westminster Magistrates' Court (pictured) heard.
What ISIS Really Wants - The Atlantic
ISIS , by contrast, is really reliving the early period.". ISIS ), follows a distinctive variety of Islam whose beliefs about the path to the Day of Judgment matter to its strategy, and can help the West know its enemy and predict its behavior.
ISIS - Live VI will be released digitally - 2.14.12 (tomorrow). Go to www.bluecollardistro.com/isis to purchase from the ISIS webstore.
Isis | Vol 110, No 2
Isis. A Journal of the History of Science Society.
ISIS Fast Facts - CNN
ISIS: The Durability of Chaos | by Scott Atran | NYR Daily | The New York Review of Books
Again ISIS has claimed credit, though this time the link to the group seems confusingly ambiguous, feeding new fears in the West about random violence by alienated or radicalized Muslims anywhere. Are we again dangerously underestimating ISIS's will to fight, and its ability to endure and expand?
Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) - The New York Times
Diane Foley, mother of James W. Foley, the first American hostage of the Islamic State to be beheaded, said she hoped the ISIS prisoners believed responsible do not escape custody as Syria plunges into a volatile new phase. Having upended Middle East policy, the president is now trying to find a way to reverse the consequences as Turkish forces bombard the Kurdish fighters who helped overpower ISIS.
The ISIS Files: When Terrorists Run City Hall - The New York Times
RUKMINI CALLIMACHI, a New York Times foreign correspondent, has covered ISIS since 2014. Paperwork littered the remains of ISIS' bombed-out Ministry of Agriculture.
ISIS: Rise of Terror (TV Movie 2016) - IMDb
Exposes the Commanders of an ISIS camp , who Indoctrinate the youth for acts of violence. A look at the lives of four British citizens who join ISIS in Syria.
ISIS Neutron and Muon Source
ISIS Neutron and Muon Source is a world-leading centre for research at the STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory near Oxford. There will be a small additional proposal round for ISIS experiments with deadline of 15 April 2020.
ISIS: How Disbanding the Iraqi Army Fueled the Extremist Group's Rise | Time
It's a jarring reminder of how a key decision made long ago is complicating U.S. efforts to fight ISIS and restore some semblance of stability to Iraq. Instead of giving Iraq a fresh start with a new army, it helped create a vacuum that ISIS has filled.
ISIS-Innovative Solutions In Space | The nanosatellite specialist
ISIS specializes in realizing innovative turn-key small satellite missions. 05-08-2020 @isis_space.
isis - Not open popup for action - Stack Overflow
I'm using Apache Isis v1.16.2. I created an edit action but when my action is invoked Isis opened the associated form into a popup.
Bob Dylan ISIS Magazine | Run By Dylan Fans - For Dylan Fans
Established in 1985, ISIS MAGAZINE is the longest running paper Bob Dylan magazine still in print. ISIS is published approximately every two months, the magazine is sold through this website and has subscribers in 32 countries.
save Save ISIS For Later. save Save ISIS For Later.
Find a reputable provider in your area with WebMD Care. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.
ISIS: A History of the Islamic State's New Caliphate in Syria and Iraq | The New Republic
ISIS almost certainly has a successor in mind. After ISIS fighters invaded Mosul and slew a dozen imams, Baghdadi led Friday prayers at the main mosque and wore all black-the regnal color of the Abbasid caliphs-as if the last eight centuries never happened.
Apache Isis
A big thank you to the Apache Isis team. With Apache Isis we can prototype a deployable application in minutes rather than days.
ISIS | Human Rights Watch
Human Rights Watch monitors actions by state security forces and international forces to ensure that their measures to counter ISIS (and other armed groups) do not violate the rights of the affected populations, including by failing to protect civilians caught in fighting, or by curtailing basic freedoms of members of civil society or ethnic, racial, or religious communities. The extremist armed group Islamic State (ISIS) has committed widespread and systematic abuses in in areas under its control in Syria, Iraq, and Libya.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Marc Veasey & A. Donald McEachin
Compare the voting records of Marc Veasey and A. Donald McEachin in 2017-18.
Marc Veasey
Represented Texas's 33rd Congressional District. This is his 3rd term in the House.
A. Donald McEachin
Represented Virginia's 4th Congressional District. This is his 1st term in the House.
Marc Veasey and A. Donald McEachin are from the same party and agreed on 93 percent of votes in the 115th Congress (2017-18).
July 11, 2018 — Strengthening Fishing Communities and Increasing Flexibility in Fisheries Management Act
June 26, 2018 — Endangered Salmon and Fisheries Predation Prevention Act
Nov. 8, 2017 — Hydropower Policy Modernization Act of 2017
July 20, 2017 — King Cove Road Land Exchange Act
Sept. 7, 2017 — Hunter of California Part B Amendment No. 77
July 26, 2017 — Esty of Connecticut Amendment No. 44
July 26, 2017 — Castor of Florida Amendment No. 38
July 19, 2017 — Tsongas of Massachusetts Part A Amendment No. 1
July 19, 2017 — Tsongas of Massachusetts Part B Amendment No. 2
July 19, 2017 — Engel of New York Part B Amendment No. 1
July 18, 2017 — Polis of Colorado Amendment No. 4
July 13, 2017 — Jayapal of Washington Part B Amendment No. 5


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A place-kicker sidelined by injury? 'I've never seen this before,' NU assistant Jovan Dewitt says | National
Barret Pickering's injury situation has been a prominent storyline during the early stages of the Nebraska football season.
The Husker place-kicker has been sidelined by a leg/hip injury for each of the first two games. For obvious reasons, place-kickers rarely suffer injuries that keep them out of action. In fact, NU special teams coordinator Jovan Dewitt said Tuesday he's never experienced such an occurrence during his two decades of coaching.
"This is the craziest thing I've ever seen before," he said. "I've never seen this before. I mean, we go through plans of how many reps (the kickers) are going to take on a week-to-week basis and how many reps they're going to take on a daily basis. We make sure they get warmed up beforehand. We do everything and anything possible. It's like a pitcher's arm. They have a kicking count, and we don't exceed it. We've never exceeded it.
"It's just one of those situations where you almost feel snakebit to a certain degree. It is what it is. We just push on through it."
A sophomore from Birmingham, Alabama, Pickering won the starting job last season as a true freshman and connected on 14 of 18 field-goal attempts, including his final 10. He also made 40 of 41 extra-point tries. He was the clear-cut starter entering the season until the injury situation cropped up late last month.
In last week's 34-31 overtime loss at Colorado, Nebraska regular starting punter Isaac Armstrong handled field-goal kicking duties, making a 26-yard attempt in the second quarter before missing from 48 yards in overtime. Dewitt said Armstrong won a competition for the starting job last week during practice.
The Lincoln Southwest graduate is listed atop the depth chart at both punter and place-kicker this week in advance of Saturday night's home game against Northern Illinois. However, Dewitt said, Pickering has been practicing with "a light kick count" since last week. That said, it's unclear if he'll be ready in time for this week's game.
Armstrong, a 5-foot-11, 215-pound senior, didn't practice field goals with a long-snapper and holder until last Thursday, two days before appearing against Colorado at sold-out Folsom Field. Keep in mind, he didn't kick field goals at all during Nebraska's preseason camp. In fact, the last time he kicked a field goal in a game occurred during his senior season at Southwest.
"It's not necessarily a whole lot different kicking now, it's just the fact that it's been awhile since I've worked with the entire operation of the snapper and holder," Armstrong said. "It's something you don't necessarily forget how to do. You've just got to knock the rust off. With time, I think that will happen for sure."
More from this section James White — Patriots Healthy and off to a strong start, Packers' Bryan Bulaga aims for full, top-flight season +6 From in control to infuriated, Huskers blow 17-point lead in OT loss to Colorado In Nebraska's 35-21 season-opening win against South Alabama, true freshman walk-on Dylan Jorgensen of Lincoln had a 31-yard attempt blocked. Dewitt said Armstrong, Jorgensen and Will Przystup competed for the starting place-kicker job in practice last week.
"We put those guys in a bunch of different competition situations, and Isaac came out on top of that competition," Dewitt said. "Like I tell you guys every week, it's always a competition every week. It just happened we ended up rolling with Isaac, and I thought he honestly did a pretty good job. That was a tough situation for a guy to be in."
Armstrong averaged 46.2 yards on his five punts against Colorado. Meanwhile, Przystup handled kickoff duties for most of the contest, booting only one that Dewitt didn't like — the fourth-quarter line drive that Laviska Shenault returned 54 yards before he was stripped from behind by Cam Taylor-Britt.
"Other than that, I thought those guys handled the situation they were put in pretty well," the coach said.


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Showcasethere's-no-place-like-home
Premedical Track
Physician Shadowing
Julia Blackburn
Class of 2020 • Chestertown, Maryland
Julia Blackburn '20 began her college studies at a small liberal arts school in Virginia, but after two years at Randolph-Macon, she decided to come home.
"I think that I transferred back to Washington College because I just missed it here," says Julia, a biology major on the premedical track who dreams of becoming an orthopedic surgeon. "It was a good two years, spent on a small campus like this, but I just missed Chestertown."
Julia's parents are both physical therapists. They own Aquafit, a local health and fitness facility in Chestertown, and they both work at the local hospital. Through those family connections, Julia has shadowed orthopedists practicing in the area.
"They want me to take over Aquafit and become a PT. I like what they do," Julia admits, "but I like more adrenaline stuff like surgery or emergency medicine.
Even though she commutes to campus to save money on room and board, she's not always a homebody. She also loves traveling, and she jumped at the opportunity last summer to shadow doctors in Croatia. Before the pandemic, she had hoped to spend a few weeks this summer for a similar experience in Greece. Now she's all about studying for the MCATs.
A Cater Fellow presents her research findings to the annual meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry.
More About Rose
For his senior capstone project, Josh Samuels '19 investigated physical exercise as an organic relief for depression. Quietly confident, Josh Samuels '19 sat down, leaned forward, and explained how he came to make the connections between psychology and the biology of brain chemistry.


BOSTON (Reuters) – A Boston city councilor's historic defeat of a 10-term Democratic congressman was the latest sign of a generational shift in the party that is strengthening the clout of women and minority candidates, inspired by anger at Republican U.S. President Donald Trump.
City Councilor Ayanna Pressley beat U.S. Representative Michael Capuano by a stunning 59-41 margin on Tuesday to secure the Democratic nod to represent a district including most of Boston. With no Republican challenger, she is poised to become the state's first black woman in Congress.
Pressley joins a growing slate of minority women Democrats running in the Nov. 6 congressional elections, including New York's Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, who scored a similar upset over a longtime incumbent, and Minnesota state Representative Ilhan Omar, set to become the first Muslim woman elected to Congress.
Ideologically, Pressley's positions differed little from her rival. They both took stances to the left of the mainstream of the Democratic Party. But her rise reflects seismic changes sweeping the party nationwide heading into November's elections, as candidates who mirror the party's dominant city-dwelling base outperform incumbents – a shift that some fear could deepen splits in the party.
Pressley and other insurgents have drawn the attention of new voters whose support Democrats will need again, said María Urbina, national political director of Indivisible, a nationwide network that formed last year to resist Trump.
"The party leadership will have to look at this crop of freshmen members coming in, many of whom have rejected corporate PAC money, many of whom have taken some of the boldest stances on immigration and immigrant justice, many of whom have made racial justice central to their campaigns," Urbina said in a phone interview on Wednesday.
Pressley, 44, has embraced expanding the Medicare federal health insurance program to cover all Americans and effectively abolishing the Immigrants and Customs Enforcement (ICE) unit of the Department of Homeland Security.
She made clear in her Tuesday night remarks that she planned to push her agenda aggressively when she takes office in January.
The success of the insurgents could set the stage for intraparty conflict between the Democrats' rising left and more moderate congressmen such as Ohio's Representative Tim Ryan and Pennsylvania's newly elected Representative Conor Lamb.
Ocasio-Cortez said the new crop of left-leaning Democrats would stick closely to their priorities, which mirror those of the minority communities they represent.
"People of all races can do that, but candidates like Ayanna and I don't have the luxury of *not* thinking and talking about criminal justice, immigration & healthcare in ways that impact us all," Ocasio-Cortez wrote on Twitter.
The success of left-leaning minority Democratic candidates has not been limited to federal races.
Liberal Democrats Andrew Gillum and Ben Jealous are vying to become the first black governors in Florida and Maryland, respectively, while Democrat Stacey Abrams would be the first black woman governor of any U.S. state if elected in Georgia.
Pressley defeated a similarly left-leaning incumbent, which could temper any potential discord around her arrival in Congress, said Joshua Dyck, a professor of political science at the University of Massachusetts at Lowell.


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text:
Genetic discovery about childhood blindness paves the way for new treatments
by Julie Robert, McGill University Health Centre
Dr. Robert Koenekoop, director of the McGill Ocular Genetics Laboratory at The Montreal Children's Hospital of the MUHC, who co-led this research
Finding genes for retinal degenerations has immediate benefits for people living with blindness and vision loss, their families, and their physicians. Establishing a genetic cause confirms the clinical diagnosis at the molecular level, helps predict the future visual prognosis, suggests therapies, and allows some patients to join clinical trials. While more than 200 genes for retinal degenerations have been identified, approximately 40-50% of cases remain a mystery.
When 11 year old Naomi Lalandec walked into Dr. Robert Koenekoop's clinic at the Montreal Children's Hospital of the McGill University Health Centre (MUHC) with blindness and dwarfism due to Oliver McFarlane Syndrome (OMS), her unknown mutation sparked an international gene hunt. Comparing her genome to others with OMS and Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA), another form of childhood blindness, uncovered a new gene that is critical for vision. What makes this breakthrough exceptional is that it opens up new treatment avenues for OMS and LCA and potentially other retinal degenerative diseases.
"It was like finding a needle in a haystack," said Dr. Koenekoop, who is also a researcher at the Research Institute of the MUHC and a Professor of Human Genetics, Paediatric Surgery and Ophthalmology at McGill University. "It was so obvious to all of us that this was big; a new gene, a possible new disease pathway, a new treatment avenue." With ongoing support from the Foundation Fighting Blindness (FFB), Canada's largest charity supporting vision research, Dr. Koenekoop has spent more than a decade searching for genes linked to blindness. This search brought together an international team of scientists, including Dr. Michel Cayouette at the Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Dr. Doris Kretzschmar at the Oregon Health and Science University, Dr. Jacek Majewski from the McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre and more than 30 others from around the world. Together, the team identified mutations in the PNPLA6 gene in families with retinal degeneration. This is the 20th gene associated with LCA and the first associated with OMS.
Although we've known about the PNLPA6 gene for more than 45 years, no one had identified that mutations in this gene can lead to retinal degeneration - until now. To better understand the role of this gene, the team studied how it functions in fruit flies. They learned that the PNPLA6 gene is expressed and located in photoreceptors (which are the light-sensing cells in the eye) and that mutating the gene causes photoreceptors to die.
To determine what PNPLA6 was doing in photoreceptors, the team did a variety of experiments. They observed that some lipids were elevated in fruit flies with the PNPLA6 mutation, which led them to conclude that PNPLA6 affects phospholipid metabolism. Phospholipids are located in our cell membranes where they influence the membrane's shape and functioning. They also influence how cells communicate with each other by determining the signals that are able to pass through cell membranes. When phospholipids stop doing what they are supposed to do, important signals get lost and cells can no longer maintain their structures or respond to their environment.
This novel insight about the role of phospholipid metabolism in photoreceptor biology paves the way for new sight-saving treatments. These potentially game-changing results were published on January 9, 2015 in the prestigious journal Nature Communications.
"We are thrilled about this new collaboration involving Dr. Koenekoop and Dr. Cayouette," said Dr. Mary Sunderland, Director of Research & Education at the Foundation Fighting Blindness. "In addition to being leading scientists, they are incredibly dedicated members of our community who are bridging the gaps between laboratory science and clinical research."
Moving forward, the team is already thinking about how they can put their new knowledge to work. They are currently generating animal models of this mutation, which will be essential to study how manipulating phospholipids could generate innovative strategies to treat blindness.
Researchers unveil novel treatment for a form of childhood blindness
Provided by McGill University Health Centre
Citation: Genetic discovery about childhood blindness paves the way for new treatments (2015, January 12) retrieved 15 January 2021 from https://medicalxpress.com/news/2015-01-genetic-discovery-childhood-paves-treatments.html
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LEGO STAR WARS fans watch out! This Millennium Falcon LED Light kit will blow away the bad guys.
Watch as your model transforms before you eyes. Should you decide to use them for some other purpose these light up kits are compatible with LEGO and other major brand bricks and base plates.


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Shaban Polluzha właśc. Shaban Mustafa Kastrati (ur. 1871 w Polluzhy k. Drenicy, zm. 21 lutego 1945 we wsi Cikatovë) – albański działacz narodowy i organizator ruchu powstańczego w Kosowie.

Życiorys
Był jednym z trzech synów Mustafy Rexhepa Kastratiego (który w 1912 został rozstrzelany przez Serbów) i Hamidy. We wczesnej młodości Shaban związał się z albańskim ruchem narodowym. W czasie I wojny światowej walczył przeciwko wojskom okupacyjnym austriackim i bułgarskim. Po zakończeniu wojny do 1924 walczył w oddziale separatystów, dowodzonym przez Azema Galicę.

W 1941 po agresji niemieckiej na Jugosławię został wraz z rodziną internowany przez Włochów w rejonie Peciu. Po uwolnieniu współpracował z Włochami dowodząc jednym z oddziałów milicji albańskiej tzw. Vullnetari. W rejonie Drenicy współpracował z Balli Kombëtar. Z czasem porzucił współpracę z Włochami, ale nadal walczył z serbskimi czetnikami, z czasem skłaniając się do współpracy z partyzantami jugosłowiańskimi. W początkach 1945 Polluzha zmobilizował oddziały albańskie, działające w Kosowie by wesprzeć partyzantów w walce z Niemcami. Wobec masakry ludności albańskiej w rejonie Skenderaju, Polluzha zerwał współpracę z partyzantami i zaczął atakować oddziały jugosłowiańskie, pacyfikujące Kosowo. 25 stycznia kilka brygad jugosłowiańskich rozpoczęło operację, zmierzającą do likwidacji oddziałów Polluzhy. Główną rolę w planowanej operacji odgrywała Brygada Kotorska, która w początkach lutego dotarła w rejon Drenicy.

W nocy 17/18 lutego 1945 powstańcy, dowodzeni przez Polluzhę zostali otoczeni przez oddziały 52 jugosłowiańskiej dywizji piechoty w rejonie Trstenika. W czasie przebijania się z okrążenia Shaban Polluzha został ciężko ranny i zmarł kilka dni później we wsi Cikatovë.

Pamięć
W 1993 prezydent Albanii, Sali Berisha odznaczył pośmiertnie Polluzhę Orderem za działalność patriotyczną I kl. W 2012 premier rządu Kosowa Hashim Thaçi nadał Polluzhy tytuł Bohatera Kosowa. Pomnik Polluzhy stanął w Prekazie. Imię Polluzhy noszą ulice w Prisztinie, Ferizaju, Dečani, Mitrovicy i Srbicy.

Przypisy

Bibliografia

Albańscy wojskowi
Bohaterowie narodowi Kosowa
Internowani w czasie II wojny światowej
Kosowscy Albańczycy
Działacze Balli Kombëtar
Kosowscy wojskowi
Odznaczeni albańskimi odznaczeniami
Urodzeni w 1871
Zmarli w 1945

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
2017 Toyota C-HR arrives Down Under from $26,990+ORC
23 Feb 2017 Isaac Bober
2017 Toyota C-HR Koba with optional black roof
The 2017 Toyota C-HR goes on-sale this week in Australia with prices starting from $26,990+ORC for the six-speed manual front-drive…
THE 2017 TOYORTA C-HR has arrived in Australia and goes on-sale priced from $26,990+ORC for the entry-level six-speed manual front-drive variant. An CVT-equipped version can be had for an additional $2000.00; on-demand all-wheel drive variants add an extra $2000.00 to the price of the CVT.
The top-of-the-range Koba variant, named after the C-HR's chief engineer Hiroyuki Koba, gets leather-accented seats, keyless entry, 18-inch alloys, LED lights and nanoe technology which offers clever filtration of the air-conditioning system; we'll explain this in greater detail in our road test later this week.
Pricing for the 2WD manual is $26,990; 2WD CVT is $28,990; 2WD CVT Koba is $33,290; AWD CVT is $30,990; and $35,290 for the AWD Koba (all plus on-roads). The C-HR is the first Toyota to offer five-years capped price servicing at $195 per service.
Toyota says its new C-HR boasts an entry point that matches many of its key competitor's second-tier models. Key features, as standard, include sat-nav, dual-zone climate control, reversing camera, active cruise control, autonomous emergency braking, blind spot monitor, rear cross-traffic alert and rain-sensing wipers.
Under the bonnet is a 1.2-litre turbocharged four-cylinder petrol that makes 85kW from 5200-5600rpm and 185Nm of torque from 1500-4000rpm. This engine is Euro 6 and drinks 95RON, consuming from 6.3-6.5L/100km combined.
According to Tony Cramb, Toyota Australia's boss of sales and marketing, "C-HR will bring new customers to the Toyota brand – typically younger, image-conscious people who take a more emotional approach to purchasing a car compared with more traditional customers."
Toyota has secured 6000 cars for the remainder of the year and claims it could sell many times more than that; it has more than a month's worth of sales in pre-orders so far. Dealer wholesale deliveries begin at the end of this week.
At the local launch of the C-HR, Toyota said development of the C-HR began in 2010 and was originally planned to sit on the company's old platform, but a decision was taken to delay development until the Toyota New Generation Architecture (TNGA) platform (the brand's global platform that will underpin everything from small cars to SUVs).
Read our first drive of the new C-HR in Australia.
Tags:SUVtoyotaToyota C-HR
Isaac,
I think the G in TNGA is for Global, not Generation.
PracticalMotoring
Reply to Allen
Thanks Allen. But, no, the G definitely stands for Generation and not Global: Toyota Next Generation Architecture. – Isaac
Reply to PracticalMotoring
Oh, just because I just went to toyota-global dot com/innovation/tnga and saw that.
and N is for New, not Next.
Yep, sorry, my bad about New and Next… was reading and thinking about two different things. This is from the press material from Thursday's launch: C-HR is built on a Toyota New Generation Architecture (TNGA) platform that offers fluent, engaging driving behaviour due to its exceptional rigidity, low centre of gravity and optimised suspension layouts.
Please have a look:
http://www.toyota-global.com/innovation/tnga/
Toyota New Global Architecture
Thanks Allen. Yep, I kept mis-writing Next instead of New. That should be corrected now. – Isaac
Toyota GR 86 delayed until late 2022 in Australia
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Brighton-based Pegasus, the UK's leading independent health communications consultancy, is pleased to be supporting Naomi's Flight - a bold and unique theatrical performance tour that highlights the impact of dementia in a visually stunning and powerful way – in its inaugural visit to the UK this week.
Brought to the UK by Dementia Care Matters, a leading dementia care organisation, and supported by sponsors Pegasus, Bupa and Brunelcare, 'Naomi's Flight' combines theatrical storytelling with daring aerial acrobatics on three suspended metal sculptures to present an intensely personal drama and often humorous perspective of a family coping with age, diabetes, and dementia. Performer, Mara Neimanis, draws on her own experience of her mother's diabetes and dementia and her 81 year old father's challenges as the primary caregiver for her mother, to reveal the enduring bonds and obligations of love as well as a world that is upside down and inside out.
The first performance of 'Naomi's Flight' forms part of the 9th UK Dementia Congress, the largest annual dementia-focused event in the UK & Europe, which is this year being hosted in Brighton. Further public performances are also being held during the course of this week. Jo Spadaccino, Director at Pegasus, commented: "We are delighted to be sponsoring such a moving and educational performance, which highlights the challenges both dementia patients and carers are facing every day.


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