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How many cemeteries have there been in Sandy Hill?
April 1, 2019 June 17, 2019 admin François Bregha
François Bregha
The answer is surprisingly complicated.
We know for sure of the Sandy Hill cemeteries (sometimes referred to in the singular) that were established in 1845 to replace an older 1828 cemetery located directly south of Parliament Hill (then Barrack Hill) roughly in the block formed today by Sparks, Metcalfe, Queen and Elgin Streets. Most, but not all, of the remains of that cemetery were moved to a new burial ground on unused Ordnance land east of town. Confusingly, these Sandy Hill Cemeteries were located in what is today Macdonald Gardens Park in Lowertown, but which at the time was considered part of Sandy Hill.
Land was set aside for the Anglican and Presbyterian churches first (east of Charlotte Street), with the Catholic and Wesleyan Methodists following a few years later west of Charlotte Street. By 1872, these cemeteries too were full and the City opened two new cemeteries, further east still, at Beechwood Avenue and Notre Dame Street.
While families were encouraged to move the remains of their loved ones to the new cemeteries, not all did so and the cemeteries gradually fell into disrepair. As the years went by, the cemeteries' unkempt state became a growing public concern. In 1895, a writer to The Ottawa Journal complained that
Sandy Hill cemetery is not only an ugly spot on which to feast the eyes of citizens and visitors, but … it is made hideous in other ways. During the summer months on Sunday afternoons, numbers of boys congregate there to play football and howl and bawl among the broken headstones. And what is worse, in the evenings the cemetery is made the habitual resort of not over-particular or very respectable couples.
Seven years later, the situation had not improved. The Ottawa Journal noted that "Not infrequently the boys make excursions to the cemetery for the express purpose of unearthing remains and sculls (sic) from that place have been carried by gangs of young ruffians to different parts of the city".
Moving remains to the new cemeteries led to its own problems as not all families bothered to refill the open grave left behind. This created a hazard for walkers, particularly at night. In 1902, an old man on a stroll fell into an open grave and was not rescued for two hours.
It was not until 1909, after much controversy, that the churches transferred the cemetery land to the City to create a park. In 1912, the Ottawa Improvement Commission (the forerunner of the National Capital Commission) covered over the remaining graves and commissioned one of Canada's first landscape architects, Frederick G. Todd, to design the park that now exists and is named after Sir John A. Macdonald.
But the Sandy Hill cemeteries were not the first burial grounds to be located in Sandy Hill. Records indicate that perhaps three other cemeteries used to exist in Sandy Hill. An 1842 map shows a Roman Catholic cemetery at the southeast corner of Cumberland and Rideau Streets. In the 1830s, there may have been a cemetery where St Joseph Church now stands and there is a record of a thirty-year-old man named Fitzgerald being buried there in August 1837. That may not have been an official burial ground as in 1841 Louis-Théodore Besserer, the owner of the land, felt compelled to place a notice in the Bytown Gazette warning that he was about to launch an action to recover possession of some of his land used as a cemetery without his authorization. Even earlier, in 1830, Besserer granted the Catholic Church a cemetery along Rideau Street that was moved in 1839 because it blocked the extension of Gloucester (now Friel) Street onto Besserer's land.
However, the first recorded burial in Sandy Hill is that of John By Burrowes, the first white child born in Ottawa, the son of Thomas Burrowes (a surveyor who had worked for Colonel By) and Grace Rodgers. Sixteen years after the death of his son in 1827 when he was not yet a year old, Burrowes wrote his friend Dr. A. J. Christie:
I wish to tell you of a circumstance connected with the interment of my infant son. The spot chosen was on Sandy Hill, and was selected by John McTaggart and Self. After traversing the ground – then in a state of wilderness – poor McTaggart arrived at a healthy young beech … . McTaggart was deeply affected and, while his eyes filled with ill-suppressed tears, said to me: 'Here, Tam, we'll just lay the poor wee King's head aneath this fine young tree.' Poor ill-fated tree … — not more than five or six months afterwards, some barbarous hand cut thee down.
That grave has unfortunately been lost and is unlikely ever to be found. So, how many cemeteries have there been in Sandy Hill? The answer remains uncertain.
You can read more about Sandy Hill history at www.history.ash-acs.ca.
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CJFE condemns the detention and sentencing of Narges Mohammadi
Narges Mohammadi. PHOTO: Iranhumanrights.org.
CJFE condemns the detention and sentencing of Narges Mohammadi, a prominent Iranian human rights defender and lawyer who was arrested in 2015 for campaigning against Iran's juvenile death penalty. In September 2016, Mohammadi was sentenced to 16 years in Tehran's notorious Evin prison, a decision that has been upheld after an appeal. She was found guilty of establishing a group that illegally campaigns to abolish the death penalty in Iran. Next to China, Iran has the highest number of executions in the world, with 977 people executed in 2015.
Mohammadi suffers from a critical neurological disease that developed in 2010 during a previous detention at Evin prison where she was kept in solitary confinement, and her health is worsening due the poor conditions in the prison.
The arrest and sentencing of Mohammadi is a troubling reminder of the disregard for human rights and freedom of expression in Iran. Canadian professor Homa Hoodfar, who was also held at Evin prison, was released and returned to Canada this fall, marking a step in the right direction for Iran's treatment of unjustly arrested human rights defenders. However, Hoodfar is an exception to the rule, as other activists like Mohammadi remain in inhumane prisons.
CJFE calls on Iranian authorities to immediately and unconditionally release Narges Mohammadi, a prisoner of conscience who should not be imprisoned for exercising her right to free expression in defence of human rights. Moreover, the Iranian government must take substantive action to protect freedom of expression and immediately release all prisoners of conscience in Iran.
This letter was sent to Mr. Gholam Ali Khoshroo, Ambassador of the Islamic Republic of Iran to the United Nations
CC: Stephane Dion, Minister of Foreign Affairs
Iran Impunity Free Expression and the Law Censorship Free Expression: International Alerts type-blog_entry type-protest_letters

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Football, crisp mornings, apples and changing of the leaves can only mean one thing, fall has arrived and it's in full swing. We've been busy spending our spare time prepping the house for paint along with checking items off the never ending list of house projects like the kitchen backsplash. I promise our kitchen is nearly done!
Ok, back to the topic Fall. It's also a perfect time for wine tasting, but then when isn't it a perfect time for wine tasting? I've always wanted to go wine tasting in Monterey County. Wine, the coast and gorgeous views are kind of hard to pass up. Having a little one at home with grandparents thousands of miles away makes weekend getaway nonexistent. Instead we'll just have to bring Monterey County Wines to us.
Carmel Valley has always been on my weekend getaway list, but after hearing about Schue Love's recent trip it's moved up even higher on the list.
While I'm not sure why I've been holding onto a bottle of Sweet Love Late Harvest Sauvignon Blanc from Holman Ranch [c/o] for the last month. Yesterday, we decided it was high time to enjoy a glass. I made some Zucchini Fritters and we sat back watched some football, sipped on wine and enjoyed apps.
There's something about this quaint little winery. Tucked away in the rolling hills of Carmel Valley, Californian historic Holman Ranch provides a unique and memorable setting for weddings, special events, family gatherings, corporate retreats, and team-building events. With its charming gardens, stunning mountain views and serenity, this private estate affords old-world charm while providing modern day conveniences. This stunning Property includes a fully restored stone hacienda, overnight guest rooms, vineyards, olive grove, horse stables and more.
Holman Ranch's 21 acres of vineyards lie between 950 and 1150 feet in elevation, rich with the root stocks and soils that are most important in producing excellent fruit from the vineyards. The surrounding Santa Lucia Mountains play a crucial role in Carmel Valley viticulture, holding back the marine layer and broad breezes, which is beneficial to producing consistently good fruit.
Holman Ranch's wines are unfined and crafted to deliver the true varietal of the grape from harvest to table. Purity and passion are key ingredients in the wine-making process, and this is where Holman Ranch truly stands out. Holman Ranch is 100 percent estate vineyards and winery. I 'm happy to report they don't use chemical herbicides or pesticides on their fruit and have their sustainable and organic certification.
The Sweet Love Late Harvest Sauvignon Blanc paired perfectly with the savory Zucchini Fritters. It's ideal with appetizers or after dinner in lieu of dessert. This Sauterne inspired dessert wine is the perfect blend of sweet & tart. Only 180 cases were made!! You can purchase a bottle HERE.
Let's talk about those Zucchini Fritters! What does one do when they have more zucchini than they know what to do? Start baking. Over the weekend I made Lemon Zucchini Bread, Zucchini Oatmeal Chocolate Chip Cookies and Zucchini Fritters! Oh and I froze fours cups of shredded zucchini for a later date. Yes, I had A LOT of zucchini.
Place the shredded zucchini in a colander set over a bowl and sprinkle the zucchini lightly with salt. Allow the zucchini to sit for 10 minutes.
Squeeze out as much liquid from the zucchini as possible. Transfer the zucchini to a large bowl. Add the almond meal, eggs, sliced scallions, 1/4 teaspoon salt and 1/8 teaspoon pepper to the bowl, stir until combined.
Line a baking sheet with paper towels. Liberally coat the bottom of a large sauté pan with avocado oil and place it over medium-high heat. Once the oil is hot, scoop 1-tablespoon mounds of the zucchini mixture into the pan, pressing them lightly into rounds and spacing them at least 2 inches apart. Depending on the size of pan you should be able to cook 3-4 at a time.
Cook 2 to 3 minutes, then flip and cook an additional 2 minutes until golden brown and cooked throughout.
Transfer to the paper towel-lined sheet and immediately sprinkle them with salt. Repeat with the remaining zucchini mixture.
Serve the zucchini fritters topped with sour cream or sweet chili sauce (optional).
While I received a sample of the Sweet Love Late Harvest Sauvignon Blanc for review, all thoughts and opinions are 100% authentic. Thank you for supporting brands that help make this blog possible.
These fritters sound so delicious, and I still have some zucchini to use up, so score! The wine sounds lovely, as well!
This is SUCH a perfect pairing <3. I'm totally trying your recipe for Zucchini Fritters! I love a good white wine - I'll definitely have to give it a try.
I keep hearing about Holman Ranch. Love their label! These fritters look delicious as well. What a fantastic pairing!
These look so tasty. I love trying new wine. I'm a huge zucchini fan love finding healthy alternative recipes.


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Wild Horses (Beverly Hills, 90210), een aflevering van de serie Beverly Hills, 90210
 Wild Horses (Garth Brooks), een nummer van de Amerikaanse countryzanger Garth Brooks
 Wild Horses (Johnny Burke), een nummer van de zanger Johnny Burke
 Wild Horses (Gino Vannelli), een nummer van de Canadese zanger Gino Vannelli
 Wild Horses (Nik Kershaw), een nummer van de Britse zanger Nik Kershaw
 Wild Horses (The Rolling Stones), een nummer van de Britse rockband The Rolling Stones, eerder uitgebracht door The Flying Burrito Brothers
 Wild Horses (The Sundays), een nummer van de Britse indierockband The Sundays
 Wild Horses (Smokie), een muziekalbum van de Britse rockband Smokie
 Wild Horses (Wild Horses), een muziekalbum van de Britse rockband Wild Horses
 Wild Horses (Britse band), een Britse rockband
 Wild Horses (Amerikaanse countryband), een Amerikaanse countryband
 Wild Horses (Amerikaanse rockband), een Amerikaanse rockband
 Wild Horses (1985), een televisiefilm uit 1985
 Wild Horses (1995), een Argentijnse film uit 1995, originele titel Caballos salvajes
 Wild Horses (1998), een Amerikaanse film uit 1998
 Wild Horses (2015), een Amerikaanse film uit 2015
 Wild Horses (boek), een boek van de Britse schrijver Dick Francis

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Set in Dinjiška Studio Dinjiska 11061a provides air-conditioned accommodation with a terrace and free WiFi. The accommodation is 33 km from Novalja. The apartment is composed of a dining area a fully equipped kitchen and 1 bathroom. A TV with satellite channels is provided. Pag is 14 km from the apartment.


Kylén Financials, Inc. is dedicated to providing financial planning services to individuals and families from all walks of life. We believe that every person's opportunity to work with a financial advisor should not be limited by their accumulated wealth but instead be a dependent of their desire to build a strong financial house to accommodate their hopes and needs.
Why We PlanWe, the Kylén Financials, Inc. team, are dedicated to providinghigh quality financial planning services to local small businesses,individuals and families from all walks of life. We believe thatevery person should have the opportunity to work with a financialadvisor. At Kylén Financials, Inc., it is our duty to educate andempower clients to build a successful retirement plan thataccommodates their unique needs and allows them to achievetheir hopes and dreams.
Welcome to Kylén Financials, Inc.
What investments are you making to pursue your dreams?
How are you encouraging your employees to take control of their financial futures?
Working with Kylén Financials will help you develop a plan of action and locate the financial products and investments that match your short-term and long-term financial goals. We work to educate you and your employees on the realities of saving for retirement and making decisions that fit your particular needs and circumstances.
We think that everyone, regardless of wealth or industry, should have the tools and knowledge they need to invest in a brighter tomorrow. Our team of fnancial advisors uncovers your financial concerns, develops a plan of action, and locates products and investments that match your goals and objectives.
At Kylén Financials, we focus on helping you invest today for a brighter tomorrow.
Kylén Financials INC has provided quality financial and investment planning services to individuals and businesses for over 17 years. We believe "quality" begins with education, and ensure clients gain an understanding of the basic principles of financial planning.
As an independent brokerage firm, we offer insurance and investment products. We will uncover your financial concerns, develop a plan, and find products and investment companies to meet your objectives.
Our team of highly-skilled and service-oriented individuals strives to make sure that each client is equipped with knowledge and a plan at every service level. Our clients' objectives are first and foremost in our decision making process.


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Elise's books
My first historical romance "My Lady Governess" is published by Harlequin's Escape division!
What happens when the haughtiest man in England, Lord de Waare, meets Marina, a governess who can't help speaking her mind to him? And what happens when his very ambitious hostess decides to get her daughter a husband at all costs? Probably not what you'd expect!
My Lady Governess is the first in a series of books around a group of friends and the women they fall in love with.
Following de Waare's adventures, London's favourite Corinthian struggles to handle life when a smash-hit book depicts him as a desperate love-seeker...and then his best friend gets engaged to a completely unsuitable girl. My Lady Original sees the drop-dead gorgeous Jack Darenth struggle to stay sane, not helped by a bouncy, clever and not-very-well-behaved Scot, Lady Hermione Pargeter.
Of course Jack has an unmarried, terribly shouty younger brother who needs a wife before he goes completely out of control, but Major Darenth is still in sunny ignorance of what's coming. Meanwhile his friend Franz Kalazimiercz has landed in Bath to the disgust of Daphne Armitage, who wouldn't touch a Polish lover-boy if she was paid and wants him to get out of her husband-hunting way, while Lady Hermione's sister, Lady Annabel, has just stumbled on a skeleton in a cavalry officer's house, and alongside that is the eternal question: what did happen to Stephen Darenth in Vienna while Rachel was blowing up cellars?
There are glamorous lover-boys, Army officers, dangerous widowers and mad professors to come. There are free-thinkers, bad chemists, explorers and out-of-depth heiresses.


Michelle Laura Romero - Life Strategist. Author. Speaker.
Michelle's reputation is built on her ability to explore difficult topics with tremendous honesty, warmth, and insight. She is a thoughtful-leader, researcher, and innovator with the rare ability to both inspire audiences and provoke them with actionable life changing principles.
Welcome to the rethinking life community!
Are you building wealth, or living paycheck to paycheck? Learn the step-by-step principles to create the debt-free wealth building life you deserve.
Are you energized and inspired, or are you experiencing imbalance in your life? Extraordinary health is within your reach, but you need a plan to achieve it.
Learn how to rethink life to overcome the hurdles and come through the other side a person who is prepared to create the life you have always wanted.
Join the Community - Vegan & Raw Vegan Recipes, Debt-Free Lifestyle, Natural Health, Mindset, and More.
Submit your question in the contact form. Someone from our team will get back with you within 48 hours.
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Inspirational ideas for throwing the perfect party from L.A. interior designer and party planner Joe Nye.
Clients and friends turn to Joe Nye for his advice on gracious living, in particular how to create a smashing get-together. Flair covers three aspects of party planning that can make an event shine—flowers, paper components, and the table setting. In each section, Nye gives inspirational ideas and tips on how to make the most of these decorative elements for any type of occasion. Beautiful photographs of several diverse settings—a breezy beach cocktail gathering, a casual red, white, and blue patriotic sit-down, a pastel-hued ladies' luncheon, and an elegant black-and-white supper—show how to achieve winning possibilities that can be pulled off with ease. Nye always throws in fun, unexpected elements, such as serving soup in antique finger bowls from the flea market and personal accents that make for a truly memorable event. The book covers topics such as when to use paper napkins, how to make flowers last longer, and host/hostess etiquette. A shopping resource completes this charming guide for those who relish the joy of entertaining.
Neo-traditional interior designer Joe Nye is one of L.A.'s lifestyle gurus, whose many talents include entertaining with esprit. His interiors have appeared in many publications. Nye lectures frequently at garden clubs and women's organizations around the country. Edmund Barr is a lifestyle photographer based in Los Angeles. Caitlin Leffel is a writer and co-author of two books, including The Best Things to Do in New York.


In addition to being one of this world's most exciting and infamous hikes, it can also be one of the more logistically challenging hikes if you don't have a lot of experience backpacking, know what you need to plan, and what you will need on the trail. In this Inca Trail guide, I am going to lay out for you everything that you will need to know to make your hike of the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu a success.
I will explain what you need to plan before you make your trip, what you should bring with you on your hike, help you decide which tour group and hike is the best for you, provide you with some Inca Trail maps, provide you with some Inca Trail alternatives, and even talk about how to acclimate to the high altitudes you will experience on this trail. Inca Trail backpacking is an exciting adventure, but it doesn't have to be an intimidating hike to plan. With the right Inca Trail advice, your hike can become the trip of a lifetime.
Before you start planning your Inca Trail experience, you will want to make sure you have all of the information you will need to plan your adventure. You will want to understand the Inca Trail difficulty, the best time of year to hike the Inca Trail, and what permits you will need and what you should pack. I have answers to these questions and more laid out for you below in one easy to reference location.
Hiking the Inca Trail isn't as strenuous or as dangerous as alpine climbing can be, but that doesn't mean it isn't a challenging hike or that it doesn't have any dangers. Before you decide to hike the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu, you will need to make sure that you are in good physical condition. The hike to Machu Picchu on the Inca Trail is a 26-mile hike at high altitude, so it is more challenging than your traditional hike thru the woods.
Before you commit to making this hike, you should review the itineraries I included below to decide which hike is best for you. If you don't think you can make the full 26-mile hike or one of the longer alternatives that I provided, then the shorter 2-day hike might be more your speed. Keep in mind, you will not only have to walk the distance of the trail at altitude, but you will need to carry your pack with you when you do it.
I would also strongly suggest that you carefully read the section I have included below on how to properly acclimate to the altitude before making the hike. Of all the dangers you can experience on the trail, not properly adjusting to the altitude and dealing with altitude sickness is probably the most common and can be the most dangerous. You should take the time to acclimate before your hike and fully understand the signs of altitude sickness and how to address it should it occur.
Because Machu Picchu and the Inca Trail have become such popular tourist destinations, the country of Peru has taken recent actions to restrict access to these sites to protect them for future generations. These efforts should be commended, as one of the greatest risks to these sites is degradation by over-visitation. If you understand the limits and plan ahead accordingly, you should have no problem obtaining the necessary permits and tickets to hike the Inca Trail and visit Machu Picchu on your trip.
With the recent restrictions, the number of visitors to Machu Picchu has been limited to just 5,940 tourists a day. This number is broken up into a morning session (from 5:30 AM until 12:00 noon) and an afternoon session (12:00 noon until 5:30 PM). Visitors will also be required to have a guide with them when they tour the archeological site at Machu Picchu and will have to pick one of three circuits to take on their tour. I will be outlining the details of these circuits and other important information you will need to know in my upcoming Machu Picchu Visitor's Guide.
If you want to climb Huayna Picchu when you visit, you will need to obtain your ticket to do so well in advance because this climb is even further restricted. There are two start times where visitors with tickets are able to start climbing Huayna Picchu and the number of tickets has been limited to 250 visitors per start time per day. That means that just 500 people a day are allowed to climb to the top of Huayna Picchu to experience its amazing views. The first start time is between 7:00am and 8:00am and the second start time is between 10:00am and 11:00am. All visitors must exit Huyana Picchu by 1:00pm.
Hiking the Inca Trail without a guide has been prohibited since 2001 so you will need to arrange a guide if you want to hike the Inca Trail. Keep in mind, because of recent restrictions put on the Inca Trail to help preserve the trail, permits for hiking have been limited to 500 hikers a day.
Of those 500 permits, roughly 300 permits are reserved for guides, porters, and support staff. This leaves roughly 200 permits a day available for visitors. This means that hiking guides and tour companies have spots fill up quickly, so make sure you start researching and book a guide early.
This probably won't surprise you, but there isn't a one-size-fits-all way in which you can hike the Inca Trail. In fact, there are quite a few different ways in which you can do some hiking when you visit Machu Picchu in Peru. Below is a list of some of the factors you may want to consider when choosing the guide that is the best fit for you.
Most tour groups will supply guides, porters, and other support staff such as cooks for you. However, not all tour companies supply porters to carry some of your supplies. Depending on how much you are planning on bringing and what you are capable of carrying, this will be an important factor when picking the right tour company and guide for you.
In addition to porters, some tour companies even supply mules or llamas to assist in carrying some of your gear. With pack animals, the tour company is typically able to carry more of your gear than they would be able to with just porters, as there are laws that restrict the weight that porters can carry. If you know that you have a heavy load or aren't capable of carrying very much for a long stretch, then finding a tour company that uses pack animals might be an important factor for you to consider.
Another important factor to consider when choosing a tour company that is the right fit for you is which trail or trails the company guides hikes on. In addition to the Classic Inca Trail route, there are numerous alternative routes that you can take. I have outlined an itinerary for the classic hike as well as a number of the more popular alternative hikes for you to review below. Make sure you study the various hikes well to determine which is most appealing to you, then look for a tour company that offers to guide on that route.
The final factor that will influence which tour company is the right fit for you is the timeframe(s) that they offer for their hikes. When I say timeframe I mean how many days they schedule for completing the hike. Most tour companies will offer a number of different alternatives so that they can accommodate hikers with different skill levels and interests.
For instance, you may see the same tour company offer a 6-day, 5-night option as well as a 4-day, 3-night option for the Classic Inca Trail hike. They may even offer an abbreviated 2-day, 1-night hike that covers just the last segment of the Inca Trail before Machu Picchu. When choosing the tour company that is right for you, you will want to factor in which options they provide and how this fits with your skill level and interests. Pay attention to how far they plan to hike each day, as well as the altitude climbs each day, and determine if their schedules meet your needs.
Packing the right gear is important when you hike the Inca Trail. You don't want to be without a key piece of gear that you will need, but you also don't want to carry too much gear and over-burden yourself. In order to assist you in preparing for your hike, I have put together a very comprehensive guide on packing for hiking the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu, which I have linked below. Be sure to read this guide thoroughly as I have provided a lot of essential information that you will need to review before packing.
In case you weren't aware already, the Inca Trail is at high altitude, with parts of the trail reaching as high as 13,807 feet (or 4,227 meters). Because of the altitude, there are additional challenges to completing the Inca Trail hike that you would not encounter when hiking on other long trails at lower altitude. For an idea of just what type of altitude changes you will encounter, please refer to the Inca Trail elevation diagram I have supplied below.
One of the most dangerous aspects of being at high altitude is how your body adjusts and reacts to the lower oxygen levels that come with being at a higher altitude. If you aren't careful and do not acclimate yourself properly, you can suffer from Acute Altitude Sickness, or soroche as it is known locally.
All of these tips for avoiding altitude sickness are important, but one of the most effective ways to prevent altitude sickness is to allow your body to properly acclimate. When you arrive in Cusco on your first day, you are arriving at an altitude of 11,152 feet (or 3,399 meters). Instead of spending your first day in Cusco at that altitude, you could travel to the Sacred Valley and spend your first night or two there instead.
The cities of Ollantaytambo and Pisac in the Sacred Valley sit at a lower altitude of just over 9,000 feet (or 2,743 meters), so spending your first day or two there will allow you to acclimate to that altitude (which will be easier on your body). Then, when you travel back to Cusco your body will have a much easier time adapting to that altitude.
Another great thing you can do to alleviate some of the discomforts your body will feel as it adjusts to the higher altitude is to get a prescription for Acetazolamide before you go. Acetazolamide is used to treat the pressure buildup in your eyes caused by glaucoma, but it will also help treat the pressure buildup in your sinuses and head because of the altitude as well. This can help prevent the notorious headaches people get when they adjust to higher altitudes. If you aren't able to get Acetazolamide, bringing ibuprofen with you is the next best thing.
Before you leave for your trip, I would strongly suggest that you read this article on Lonelyplanet.com about advice from Nicholas Asheshov (www.nicholasasheshov.com), who lived in the Sacred Valley for decades and has a lot of first-hand experience with the treatment of altitude sickness in the area. He does a fantastic job of laying out the do's and don'ts of treating altitude sickness and what to do and not do should you experience altitude sickness when visiting the Cusco and the Sacred Valley in Peru.
Before you start planning your hike on the Inca Trail, you need to make sure you understand what the conditions will be like when you visit. For more information on the typical weather, trail conditions, and tourist numbers throughout the year, I have included a summary for you to review below.
For an idea of what types of temperatures you will experience on the trail throughout the year, please consult the diagram on averages temperatures I have included below.
Because the trails tend to be crowded during the dry season, and in less than stellar conditions during the wet season, the best times to make the hike to Machu Picchu on the Inca Trail tend to be during the shoulder seasons between the wet and dry seasons. During the months of May and June, as well as during the months of October and November, you will find fewer crowds on the trail than during the peak of the dry season. The trail also tends to be in much better condition than it is during the peak of the wet season.
Hiking the Inca trail to Machu Picchu is one of this world's most infamous hikes. Not only is the scenery that you encounter along the trail absolutely gorgeous, but the cultural experience of seeing some of the most well preserved Incan archeological sites makes this hike even more special. Hiking the trail to Machu Picchu is a great way to walk in the footsteps of the Incans and truly appreciate how amazing this journey was and still is.
As you read the itineraries that I have included below, please keep in mind that you can hike this trail at any pace that is comfortable for you. I have included a few different options for itineraries that you can use, but there are tour companies that extend this trip out to up to a week as well. All-in-all, the classic Inca Trail to Machu Picchu is roughly a 26 mile (or 43 kilometers) trek if you do the entire thing, so breaking that up into manageable day hikes will depend greatly on your ability and the time constraints that you are working with.
If you are looking to add a little bit of adventure to your trip to see Machu Picchu, hiking on the Inca Trail to get there is a fantastic way to enhance your trip. If you are into backpacking, beautiful vistas, and cultural experiences, then the classic Inca Trail hike will be right up your alley. I have included a popular 4-day and 3-night itinerary for you to review below. But as I said previously, this hike can certainly be done over a longer period of time if you would like to break it up into more manageable segments based on your hiking skill level.
Day one of your trip to Machu Picchu along the Inca Trail will start really early as you will have to make your way from your hotel in Cusco to the trailhead for the Inca Trail, which is near the Ollantaytambo train station in the Sacred Valley. There are several different ways in which you can get to the Ollantaytambo train station from Cusco, which I have outlined for you below.
It is a 37-mile or 60-kilometer drive on roads that wind thru the mountains and small villages so, it will take you 75-90 minutes to make the journey. Please make sure you leave yourself enough time to get to the train station by early morning. If you are hiking the Inca Trail with a tour company, chances are they will be organizing this transportation for you. Please be sure to check with them on the logistics before you arrive in Cusco.
If you would like to take a taxi to the Ollantaytambo train station, your hotel concierge or front desk will be able to arrange one for you. If you do decide to hire a taxi from the street, please make sure the taxi is a licensed taxi. The fare will cost you around $30 US for the one-way trip to Ollantaytambo train station.
If you would like to save a little money on the transportation costs to Ollantaytambo train station, a good way to do this is to take a shared taxi from the taxi terminal on Pavitos Street. These shared taxis will cost you around $3.60 US per person and leave the station between dawn and roughly 6:30pm daily. The taxis only leave once they are filled up, so you may have to wait a while before you leave. Please make sure you allow yourself extra time if you are going to choose this option.
This is far-and-away the most time consuming and complicated way to get to the Ollantaytambo train station from Cusco, so we don't recommend it. However, if you do decide to take a bus, please read the information below carefully to ensure that you don't lose time because you are unprepared.
To take the bus, you will need to catch a bus to Urubamba from the Grau Street terminal. Buses leave every 15 minutes between dawn and roughly 6:30pm, and the bus ride can take anywhere between 90-120 minutes. Fares for the bus are roughly $1.25 US. When you get to Urubamba, cross over to the other side of the terminal and take a shared minibus to the Ollantaytambo train station.
The fare for the minibusses is roughly $0.55 US and the ride typically takes around 30 minutes. This means, all together, you should plan for it to take around three hours to get to the Ollantaytambo train station from Cusco by bus.
Once you get to the Ollantaytambo train station, you will begin your hike. When you get to Kilometer 82, that is the first check-point and the official start of the Inca Trail. The hike on the first day is just shy of 7.5 miles (or 12 kilometers), so it is a decently long day of hiking on the first day. Along the way, you will get to check out the Patallacta archeological site, which will be your first taste of Incan architecture on the Inca Trail.
You will want to have a good night's rest your first night on the trail because the second day of hiking will be more challenging than the first. After breaking camp, you will hike for roughly 5 hours on the trail as you ascend to the top of mount Warmihuañusca. This is the most challenging part of the hike on day two, but you will be rewarded with some absolutely stunning views of the Andes mountains from the top. Get some good rest as you enjoy the views because you will still have a fair amount of hiking to do after reaching the top. You will make a descent from mount Warmihuañusca until you reach Pacaymayo, where you will spend your second night.
On the third day of your hike, you will make a big push towards Machu Picchu. After starting off from Pacaymayo early in the morning, you will make a gradual ascent until you get to Runkauraqay, and then descend roughly 3,700 feet (or roughly 1,130 meters) as you head to Sayacmarca. Here you will get to see another fascinating Inca archeological site. You will also want to take a break in Sayacmarca because you will be ascending back up nearly as high in the second part of the day's hike as you make a final push towards Wiñay Wayna (which translates to mean "Always Young"). You will be climbing roughly 3,200 feet (or roughly 975 meters) to make it to your campsite at Wiñay Wayna for that night.
The fourth day of your hike is the big day because you will be making your final push towards Machu Picchu. The hike is mostly a decent as you drop from 11,930 feet (or 3,636 meters) at Wiñay Wayna to the 7,875 feet (or 2,400 meters) where Machu Picchu rests. Enjoy the hike as the views of Machu Picchu and the mountains that surround it are absolutely stunning. If you get an early enough start, you can reach Machu Picchu for some absolutely breathtaking sunrise views over Machu Picchu, which I strongly recommend.
To get back to Cusco after visiting Machu Picchu, you can take the train back to the Ollantaytambo train station, and then take a taxi, shared taxi, or bus ride back to Cusco. Please make sure you save yourself enough time as the train ride typically takes a few hours to get from Machu Picchu to the Ollantaytambo train station and then you have at least a few hours to get back to Cusco from there.
If you would like to hike the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu, but you think that the classic Inca Trail hike might be a little too much for you, then you might be interested in the popular shorter hike that I outline below. This hike gives you a taste of the Inca Trail without having to make the larger commitment that the classic hike requires.
The hike takes a few days to complete and will require one overnight camping on the trail, but the hike mostly drops in elevation, so it isn't nearly as challenging as the classic Inca Trail hike. I would recommend this hike for anyone who wants to add a little adventure to their trip to Machu Picchu but isn't incredibly experienced as a hiker.
Once you arrive at the Ollantaytambo train station, you will take the train towards Machu Picchu until you get to kilometer 104. Here, you will disembark the train and begin your hike to Machu Picchu. The first part of the hike is a four-hour uphill climb to Wiñay Wayna, where you will get to enjoy the Incan archeological site and take a break before continuing on the hike.
After moving on from Wiñay Wayna, you will hike towards Inti Punku (which is translated to mean "the Sun Gate"). Here you will be able to look down and catch your first glimpse of Machu Picchu below. Take some time to enjoy the views as they are absolutely breathtaking. This is where the Inca Trail officially ends. You will camp out and prepare for your visit to Machu Picchu the next day.
Today is the big day that you visit Machu Picchu. You have the option of either hiking to Machu Picchu on the trail that leads to the site from Inti Punku, or you can take a bus to the site if you don't feel like hiking any further. I would recommend that you get up nice and early so that you can get to Machu Picchu for the sunrise. You won't regret it!
The Classic Inca Trail is an amazing trail, but depending on your goals, your experience level, and what you would like to see, it may not be the best trail for you. If you have already hiked the Inca Trail, or are looking for a different challenge, there are some alternatives to the Inca Trail that you can hike when you visit Machu Picchu. To give you some ideas, I have compiled a list of some of the more popular alternative hikes for you to review below.
If you are looking for a more challenging route to get to Machu Picchu, then the Salcantay Route is a great option that you can consider. This route takes you 15,000 feet (or 4,572 meters) up the 20,500 feet (or 6,248 meters) high Mount Salcantay, which was one of the holiest mountains to the Incas. This is higher than any point you will reach if you take the classic Inca Trail to Machu Picchu. From there you will descend down into a cloud forest where you meet up with the ancient Inca Highway that traverses the entire Inca kingdom. You will get to see the recently discovered ruins of Llactapata and get to see some amazing views of Machu Picchu as you approach Aguas Calientes, the small town at the base of Machu Picchu.
If you are looking for an easier hike that avoids the crowds of Peru's Sacred Valley, then the Lares route may be a good option for you. This hike takes you thru the Lares Valley, which sits on the Northern edge of the Sacred Valley. The Lares route takes you back in time as most of the small towns you pass thru on this route still live the traditional Andean life by raising llamas and alpacas, farming, and making their own traditional Andean clothing. The hike starts in the town of Lares and provides you with some great views of the 18,000 feet (or 5,486 meters) high Mount Veronica along the way. You will end the hike at the Ollantaytambo train station where you can catch a train to Machu Picchu or continue on the classic Inca Trail.
The Chaski Trail is another great alternative to the classic Inca Trail hike that you can consider if you are planning to visit Machu Picchu. This trail follows some of the routes that the Chaski messengers of the Inca Empire used to follow as they delivered goods and messages throughout the empire. These messengers were so fleet of foot that it is said they could deliver fresh fish from the Pacific Ocean 300 miles away. As you follow in the footsteps of these famed messengers, you will get a first-hand view of an Incan quarry and see how the Incans harvested rocks for their buildings. You will also get to stop at the gorgeous Perolniyoc waterfall, which sits near some Incan ruins. The trail concludes at the Ollantaytambo train station, where you can either take a train to Machu Picchu or continue on the classic Incan Trail to the site.
For experienced hikers that are looking for a more challenging hike than the classic Inca Trail, the Vilcabamba Traverse Route is a great option. This hike should definitely only be considered by experienced hikers who are in great physical condition as it will challenge you both mentally and physically. Hikers will traverse high mountains, cloud forests, beautiful grasslands, and low mountain valleys with river crossings on this hike that takes a week-to-two-weeks to complete. You will get to see the remote ruins of Choquequirao ("Cradle of Gold"), which has become increasingly popular in recent years because of its similarity to Machu Picchu. You will also get to see the sparsely populated Cordillera Vilcabamba, which looks much like it did when the area first started to be explored over a century ago. Finally, the trail ends just a short trek or train ride from Machu Picchu. If you are up for the adventure and capable of completing this hike, it is certainly the adventure of a lifetime.
Great and informative post. I have a milestone birthday in a couple of years and I'm considering Machu Picchu as a celebratory trip. A great starting point for planning.


Password Changing works and (lost/forgotten) Password Reset works, so I know the e-mail send functionality is working.
How can I test or verify the expiration notifications will work?
What is the 'Subject' of the notification messages? Maybe I can track them in EMS with "Get-MessageTrackingLog"?
You would need to trace the messages using Get-MessageTrackingLog to see if they are being sent. Also the CloudPanel service has a log file it keeps on errors. In the next release tomorrow you can trace message tracking logs from the CloudPanel GUI now.
If I was to use Get-MessageTrackingLog, whould I search by 'Subject'? And if so, what would the 'subject' be?
If you have a better suggestion for a search term, that would be appreciated.
I would search using that term for anything sent FROM the email address on the notifications settings in CloudPanel.
Well, your suggestion is tough for me due to the fact that we send FROM our standard 'support' e-mail address. Searching on the message 'subject' would be easier, I think.
I determined that the password expiration notification mechanism just isn't working at all, and I have insufficient knowledge and/or documentation to troubleshoot it.
For me, I guess the question is "should I just go back to my old method", or should I keep trying to get CloudPanel to do this task?
Does the new version coming out improve on this new feature?
Is there a troubleshooting method to work on this issue, beyond what is on the KB page?
There are, apparently, few users even trying to make this feature work, based on the KB page responses and the forum.
I will pay for an hour of your time for you to teach me how to troubleshoot this!
The subject is "Password will expire soon".
The first thing is you need to make sure your CloudPanel Service is actually running and you have it installed. It is included with the zip file you download. This is what actually does the work and a lot of the other work for the dashboard and pulling data from the environment.
Secondly you need to make sure on the setup page that you have support notifications enabled, you enable the notification for passwords and you provided a template under the password expires tab.
The job runs when the service is started and then runs every 1440 minutes after that. There is a log file for the service that could be looked at in more depth.
A lot of our customers email our support directly and bypass the forums. The forums and online support is mainly for the free users without a license. It is true that a lot of hosters do not use expiring passwords for emails because it has been a pain to manage, but we do use this in our own environment for certain customers that want it. It does work.


It's wrong to love a product because of its packaging isn't it? Wrong. But as I type this, I have at my side my lovely silver satin reading glasses case from Eye-Spec, a new reading glasses company.
The glasses are well priced and fold up in a manner that makes them look like they are aiming to be the the Brompton Bike of the folding glasses world. The side arms telescopically collapse to nothing, the frames fold in the centre and fit neatly into cute cases to stash into every handbag/car glove compartment/coat pocket/computer station, anywhere you might conceivably need reading glasses.
There's nothing new about folded glasses, although these are nicely made and fold up in a rather mesmerising fashion, but what works for me is the robust and very neat cases the glasses fit into, from the tiny silky-satin silver one to the flip top type. It is a small joy to fish the chic little box out from the bottom of my handbag.
Which is fair enough. There are more stylish non-folding ones available and four new designs, which will be a bit more 50s retro and feminine, are coming next year. I've been trialling mine for about a month and a lens popped out once, but it slotted back in easily and as Dominic said, they are for occasional wear and to stash around your life for those moments of panic when you realise you can't read.
They are nicely protected by the packaging and the bottom of my handbag is a tough place to survive, so I would give them the thumbs up for value (pairs start at £11.50) ingenuity and fun.
Check out the website for all the designs.
Previous articleWhat did we do before Down jackets?


IS PIONEER SERVICE FOR YOU?
1. (a) How many of Jehovah's witnesses are full-time ministers? (b) What is God's will for true Christians as shown by Jesus, and how did the early Christians respond to it?
2. What evidence is there that that spirit is yet alive?
2 That spirit has not died out; it is yet alive among the modern-day Christian witnesses of Jehovah. They take note of Jesus' prophetic declaration for our day, namely: "This good news of the kingdom will be preached in all the inhabited earth for a witness to all the nations; and then the end will come." (Matt. 24:14) In nearly two hundred lands Jehovah's witnesses devote upward of 14,000,000 hours each month to this very work that Jesus foretold. And, in addition to their preaching, they also regularly attend and participate in congregation meetings.
3. How is it true that each baptized witness of Jehovah is a full-time minister?
3 Yet the preaching of the "good news" and the attending of meetings, even along with all the personal study and reading that one may do at home, does not fill the day of each one of Jehovah's witnesses, does it? So how can it be said that they are all full-time ministers? Because every aspect of their lives is affected by their ministry. They may be secularly employed as laborers, farmers, office workers or in some other business, but they are, first of all, ministers of God. It is what they believe and teach as ministers that influences their choice of secular work, and this is what makes them conscientious workers. (Col. 3:22, 23) Their secular work may change, but not the ministry. Whatever they do is with an awareness that they are ministers of God. It influences their training of their children, their conduct when shopping in the market, when attending school, when engaging in recreation or sitting down to a meal. "Whether you are eating or drinking or doing anything else, do all things for God's glory." (1 Cor. 10:31) Not only in speech, but also in conduct, they endeavor to 'let their light shine,' that others may, as a result of what they observe, glorify God. (Matt. 5:14-16; 1 Pet. 2:12; 2 Cor. 6:3, 4) So their being full-time ministers means that they are ministers of God twenty-four hours a day, every day. Is that the way you think of yourself—as a full-time minister of God?
4. (a) Are all of us able to do the same things, and to the same extent, to advance the interests of pure worship? (b) What motive in service on our part is well pleasing to God?
4 Of course, some may be in position to do more in certain ways to advance the interests of pure worship than others. Not all qualify to be overseers, nor do all excel as public speakers, but each one does make a valuable contribution to the spiritual welfare of the congregation if he does in real earnest what he is able to do. (Rom. 12:6-8) So, too, not all are able to devote the same amount of time to the field ministry, but if we publicly praise the name of God, not grudgingly or under compulsion nor because we are seeking to please men, but because our hearts overflow with gratitude to our loving Father in heaven, this is well pleasing to God.—2 Cor. 9:7; Heb. 13:20, 21.
5. (a) On what basis may some be inclined to judge whether they are pleasing to God, and why? (b) What ought to be taken into consideration in determining how much time one can devote to the field ministry?
5 Since the preaching of the Kingdom message is a prominent part of the life of a Christian minister, and one of which he keeps a record so as to make a report to the congregation, some may be inclined to judge whether they are pleasing to God simply in terms of the hours they devote to the field ministry. It is fine that they see the importance of that work; we all should. We need to 'buy out' time from other pursuits to devote to this vital work. The apostle Paul wrote to the congregation at Ephesus: "Keep strict watch that how you walk is not as unwise but as wise persons, buying out the opportune time for yourselves, because the days are wicked." But from what should we 'buy out' the time? Are we to sacrifice our own spirituality, cutting out personal Bible study and meeting attendance in order to preach? Are fathers to neglect their families? Are mothers to neglect their responsibilities to their husbands and their children in order to preach more? No; that is not the point. It may be that these necessary things can be better organized to make more room for the field ministry, but do not forget that all these other responsibilities are part of one's life as a Christian minister. Paul goes on to say: "On this account cease becoming unreasonable, but go on perceiving what the will of Jehovah is." (Eph. 5:15-17) And then in the following verses he shows that the "will of Jehovah" includes proper attention to the physical, emotional and spiritual needs of the members of one's family. (Eph. 5:21–6:4) So, in ascertaining what one can do in the field ministry, one needs to take into consideration his entire life as a Christian and ask what course will truly result in the best spiritual condition for all in the household and so will bring the greatest glory to God.
6. (a) Why is it the right decision for most young people who have completed their secular schooling to enter the pioneer service? (b) How did one young brother recently respond to offers of scholarships for a college education, and why?
6 Some, on examining their situation, realize that the course that is truly consistent with their dedication to God is for them to be sharing in the field ministry full time, as pioneer ministers, devoting a hundred hours to preaching the "good news" each month. They have completed their secular schooling, are young, in good health and without family obligations or other responsibilities that have a prior claim on them. (Eccl. 12:1, 13) They do not choose to get established in a career in the business world, because they cannot see throwing in their lot with a system that God's Word plainly says is 'going out of business' in the near future. So how do they react to "attractive offers" from the world? During his last year of high school one young brother, just a short time ago, was offered scholarships that would have completely paid for a college education. But he knew that success he might enjoy in the world would be, at most, short-lived. He called to mind the Bible's counsel: "Do not be loving either the world or the things in the world . . . the world is passing away and so is its desire, but he that does the will of God remains forever." (1 John 2:15-17) Love for Jehovah and faith in His word of promise moved him to enroll as a pioneer.
7. (a) Why did a brother on the West Coast of the United States sell his home to enter the pioneer work? (b) What blessings have he and his wife enjoyed since then?
7 On the West Coast of the United States a married man was busy paying for his home. It required regular, full-time secular work, but he spent some time in the field ministry. Yet, being honest with himself, he realized that he was more concerned about his secular work and his home than he was with Jehovah's service. He knew that, to please Jehovah, he had to improve his spirituality. (Matt. 19:21; 5:3) After careful consideration, he sold his home and he and his wife became pioneers. They began to enjoy the service as they never had before. Soon they were invited to share in special pioneer service where the need was greater, then to the Watchtower Bible School of Gilead for missionary training, and now they are serving in Colombia. Jehovah has richly blessed them for the faith they showed in enlarging their share in the preaching work.
8. (a) Mention some of the factors that might influence a mother's decision as to whether she could pioneer and still properly care for her children. (b) What was the effect on their families in the case of two mothers who pioneered?
8 Others who have enrolled as pioneers have children to consider. In some cases it would not be possible to take on the responsibilities of a full-time pioneer minister and at the same time properly care for children. There are a variety of factors involved, including personal organization, one's health, and the ages and traits of the children. But, in examining her own circumstances along with her husband, one mother felt that her becoming a pioneer, even for a time, would be a good thing for the spirituality of their entire family, and she reported that that is the way it turned out. Her preschool-age boy went with her in the service and thoroughly enjoyed it and her seven-year-old began asking when he could pioneer. Another mother who also has pioneered said: "Knowing that pioneering doesn't excuse one from other obligations has made me a more conscientious wife and mother as well as a better housekeeper. In order to be fruitful in the ministry, pioneering has taught me that one must lean heavily upon Jehovah at all times." Having a mother who was a pioneer minister proved to be a rich blessing to these families. Would that also be true in your case?
9. How did a mother with four children to raise by herself properly shoulder that responsibility and at the same time show how she felt about pioneer service?
9 In the case of a Witness living in Ohio the situation was different. She had the desire to pioneer, all right. But she became a Witness two years after her husband had left her with four youngsters to raise. She did not sidestep that responsibility, but diligently raised all four of those children to love and serve Jehovah God. Though she could not pioneer, she instilled the desire to share in full-time preaching in each one of her children. Each one of them spent between five and seven summer vacations in that full-time service and, on graduation from school, each one became a pioneer minister. Having faithfully cared for those family responsibilities, the mother too rejoiced to have the opportunity to enroll as a pioneer.
10. After trying for two years to arrange for convenient secular work so he could pioneer, what did one brother do, and what has been his experience since then?
10 The problem facing another Kingdom publisher was different from that. He felt that he could pioneer if he could only arrange for adequate part-time secular work. For two years he tried in vain to make such arrangements with his employer. Finally, he realized that he would never pioneer if he did not put his full trust in Jehovah. He turned in his resignation; but almost immediately his boss called him into the office and said that he thought he ought to get a sizable salary increase. Determined not to let materialistic pressures curtail his service to Jehovah, he stood firm. After four years he is still pioneering, still has the needed "sustenance and covering," and has had the joy of seeing a new congregation with fifty publishers grow up in the territory where he serves.—1 Tim. 6:8.
11. How do many who are not able to pioneer nevertheless demonstrate their wholehearted devotion to Jehovah God?
11 There are many who, after honestly appraising their personal circumstances, do not find that they can be regular pioneer ministers, devoting one hundred hours each month to the field ministry. But this does not necessarily mean that they love God less. If their being ministers of God truly affects all their activities in life, they, too, are full-time ministers. When faced with pressures from the unbelieving world, they are just as firm for what is right as are their brothers and sisters who are able to devote more time to the field ministry. Their hearts are in Jehovah's service, and they have a zealous share in it every month. They, too, are grateful to God that he has counted them worthy by permitting them to have a share in the ministry, and they 'buy out the opportune time' from other pursuits to seek first God's kingdom.
12. (a) For what special service do many of Jehovah's witnesses periodically enroll, and why? (b) When may a person share in vacation pioneer service?
12 Periodically, large numbers of these zealous ministers of the good news enroll as vacation pioneers for a period of two weeks or a month or more. It takes careful planning on their part and extra effort. They cherish that month in which they are able to devote a hundred hours to the field ministry, or seventy-five hours for the month if they are two-week pioneers. They may not be able to keep that pace all the time, but their love for Jehovah moves them to do it when they can. Many share in this activity during the month of April each year, when there is much special activity in the congregation. Others may do it during their vacation time or at regular intervals all year long. What blessings they enjoy as a result!
13. (a) In the first-century Christian congregation, who were some that shared in foreign missionary work? (b) What experiences did they have, and how did they view their ministry?
14. (a) In modern times, what privilege did a missionary couple enjoy in West Africa? (b) Why did not those who are now missionaries choose easier fields in which to serve Jehovah?
15. How is some work performed by those in Bethel service like that done by Tertius and Silvanus in the first century?
15 Some who have made that decision to put first the interests of God's kingdom have been invited to serve at one of the Bethel homes, branch offices or printing plants of the Watch Tower Society. Here, too, they do work like that of their Christian brothers in the first century. Tertius was privileged to do scribal work, writing the inspired letter to the Romans at the apostle Paul's dictation. (Rom. 16:22) Silvanus also recorded part of the Bible, at the apostle Peter's direction. (1 Pet. 5:12) Today, instead of making just one copy at a time, brothers in Bethel service print and bind millions of copies of the Bible in many languages; and some are privileged to run printing presses on which Scriptural counsel provided through the "faithful and discreet slave" is turned out by the tens of thousands of copies every hour.—Matt. 24:45-47.
16. (a) In what respects is some Bethel service like that of faithful Stephen? (b) How does Bethel service prove to be a marvelous blessing for those who lay hold of it?
16 Others serving in Bethel homes do work like that of Stephen, who, as a waiter, 'distributed food to the tables' of those early Christians who were serving close together. That was no unimportant assignment, to be given to someone who could not do anything else. No, the Bible tells us that Stephen was appointed to that necessary work because he was "full of faith and holy spirit." He was a trustworthy man who could be counted on to do the job well. But at the same time, Stephen was zealous in the field ministry and a powerful defender of the Word of God. When opponents tried to dispute with him, "they could not hold their own against the wisdom and the spirit with which he was speaking." (Acts 6:1-10) Members of Bethel families around the world appreciate that fine example set by Stephen. They, too, are glad to do whatever work is assigned, and they realize that it is a great privilege to serve Jehovah and their brothers in this way. At the same time, they endeavor to have a full share in the field ministry, preaching from house to house and conducting Bible studies. Many of them are appointed servants in the congregations and public speakers. In such a theocratic atmosphere as exists at Bethel homes there is marvelous opportunity for spiritual growth. Grand privileges of service open up for willing servants. What a fine privilege to be serving in such a place during the remaining years of this old system of things!
17. Why should we encourage others in Jehovah's service, and what opportunities are there for all of us to do so?
17 It should be the earnest desire of every dedicated Christian to see Jehovah's name praised to the fullest possible extent in all the earth. We individually can have a share, and we can do much to encourage others to be praisers of Jehovah. The world is never going to offer such encouragement, because it lacks love for God. (Jas. 4:4; 2 Tim. 3:4; Matt. 24:12) But, in faithfulness to God, we owe such encouragement to others. Therefore the apostle Paul wrote to the Christians at Thessalonica: "Keep comforting one another and building one another up, just as you are in fact doing." (1 Thess. 5:11) As we study the Bible with others, we encourage them to become active praisers of Jehovah. Within the congregation, too, there are those who might have a fuller share in the service if they were given loving encouragement, perhaps in the form of an invitation to go along with you.
18. If any in our midst express a desire to pioneer, or to take up Bethel or missionary service, what should we do, and why?
18 In like manner, when there is opportunity to encourage anyone in our midst to enlarge his privileges of service, it is a matter of faithfulness to God on our part to offer such encouragement. Is someone thinking about pioneer service? By all means commend him. Is he talking about applying for Bethel service or missionary work? Build him up. Do not be like those brothers in Caesarea to whom Paul had to say: "What are you doing by weeping and making me weak at heart?" (Acts 21:13) Nor be like Peter on that occasion when Jesus turned to him and said: "Get behind me, Satan! You are a stumbling block to me, because you think, not God's thoughts, but those of men." (Matt. 16:23) Rather, rejoice that the hearts of your brothers are so filled with love for Jehovah that they are willing to be used more fully by him. Encourage them to move ahead, with full faith in Jehovah.
19. (a) To what extent should our lives be influenced by our dedication to Jehovah? (b) What evidences of advancement to maturity should we look for in ourselves?
19 If you are a baptized Christian, never lose sight of the fact that your entire life has been dedicated to God. It is not merely a few hours a week that you have vowed to devote to the doing of God's will. Your entire life ought to reflect the fact that you are a minister of God. Changes in your way of thinking and doing things were required when you became a Christian, and it was love for Jehovah that moved you to make those changes. But that was only the start. As one continues to study God's Word and personally experiences his goodness, one's own love grows and is expressed more fully. Unless he becomes 'dull in his hearing' of God's Word, he is going to press on to maturity. (Heb. 5:11, 12) Bible principles will more deeply influence all his decisions, and his desire to share to the full in the preaching of this good news of the Kingdom will grow stronger. Is this happening to you? To stay in the faith one must keep on growing spiritually. "Keep testing whether you are in the faith, keep proving what you yourselves are."—2 Cor. 13:5.
20. What attitude on our part will make possible the accomplishing of the greatest good in Jehovah's service?
20 Remember, the progress that you are able to make spiritually, and what you are able to accomplish in the service of the heavenly Father, do not depend solely on your ability. (2 Cor. 4:7) They are far more directly tied in with your willingness to be used by Jehovah. Have you learned to look to him for guidance in all that you do? Do you have full faith in his ability to sustain you as his servant? Do you appreciate fully that, while it is your privilege to plant and water in the ministry, it is God who makes it grow? (1 Cor. 3:6-9) If so, you will continue to respond to his leading. You will prove yourself to be a servant of God full time.
Celsus, whose writings are referred to in The History of the Christian Religion and Church, During the Three First Centuries (New York; 1848), by Dr. Augustus Neander, translated by H. Rose.


text:
Indigenous Communities Seek More Support to Keep Women, Children Safe
March 19, 2019 | Pulitzer Center
Brooke Stephenson
A view of Kake from the seaplane. Image by Brooke Stephenson. United States, 2019.
The back of the t-shirt for Kake's MMIW march, designed by Joel Jackson's brother, Mike Jackson. Image by Brooke Stephenson. United States, 2019.
The view from Keex' Kwaan Lodge, which Tinker manages. Image by Brooke Stephenson. United States, 2019.
Almost everyone going to or from Kake has to travel on a small seaplane. Image by Brooke Stephenson. United States, 2019.
The view of one of the surrounding islands from the seaplane into Kake. Image by Brooke Stephenson. United States, 2019.
Another view of the ABC, (Admiralty, Baranof, and Chichagof) islands off the coast of Alaska. Image by Brooke Stephenson. United States, 2019.
Kake has the tallest totem pole in the world. Image by Brooke Stephenson. United States, 2019.
Kake's only gas pump. Image by Brooke Stephenson. United States, 2019.
The salmon swim upstream from the sea into the island in the spring. Image by Brooke Stephenson. United States, 2019.
The main road leading into Kake. Image by Brooke Stephenson. United States, 2019.
The view of the center of Kake from the dock. Image by Brooke Stephenson. United States, 2019.
Heidi Vantrease doesn't let her daughter go running without her father. It's a shame, because the village of Kake, where Vantrease is the domestic violence and sexual assault program coordinator, is a surreally beautiful place to run. The village is built along a single road that parallels the coastline, with evergreens on one side and a calm ocean channel on the other, with pods of breaching orcas.
Its isolation–the indigenous community of less than 500 people is only accessible by ferry or tiny seaplane–adds to the beauty. And for for a long time people here saw this seclusion as a protection against the brutality of the outside world, even though law enforcement presence was so inconsistent they sometimes went years without it.
But over the past years, brutal crimes have rocked this small village, bringing a national problem of the lack of safety for indigenous women close to home for the people of Kake: 13-year-old year old Mackenzie Howard was murdered in 2015, and 19-year-old Jade Williams in 2017.
And so Heidi Vantrease's daughter never runs alone.
"After the death of two young girls, only within several years apart, how can it not affect a town this size," Vantrease said. "...[I'm] just trying to keep people safe."
According to the National Indigenous Women's Resource Center, indigenous women suffer from violence at a rate two and a half times higher than that of any other population in the United States. One in three indigenous women will be raped in her lifetime; four in five will be victims of a violent assault, according to the same group. The term "Missing and murdered Indigenous women" was coined to describe the disproportionately high number of these women who go missing or are killed compared to other demographics. And in Alaska, advocates say the problem is compounded by the seclusion of indigenous communities, jurisdictional complications and a lack of state funds, which leave many communities with ineffective or nonexistent law enforcement.
The state of Alaska is huge—it could fit Virginia within it 15 times—and it contains 229 of the 566 federally recognized Native American tribes. Many of those are isolated on islands or in remote villages that are often inaccessible by road, particularly when the snow starts falling in autumn, and keeps on falling through March. State and tribal officials agree in an ideal world, each village would have its own law enforcement officer, but in reality funding is short, recruitment is difficult, and many villages are still without law enforcement. Alaskan indigenous communities like Kake have to wait hours, sometimes days, for state troopers to arrive by boat or plane when there's an assault or murder.
For less serious crimes, villages have tried to fill in the gaps where they can. Joel Jackson, president of the Organized Village of Kake, answered emergency calls for free, unarmed.
"I'd go there, even though I don't have any authority," Jackson said. "They know that I'm there to make sure they're ok, and tell them you got to get along."
Not only was Jackson responding to calls and coordinating with state troopers without pay, he said he has walked into situations where weapons were involved. "But you know, if nobody else is going to do it, we can't have it just be wide open for everybody to do what they want. So I go out and do it.
He recalls one incident when someone was firing a gun repeatedly and threatening violence. Jackson called the state troopers in Juneau to let them know what was going on before he approached. "They'd go, 'Aren't you scared?'" Jackson laughs at this. "Yea, of course I'm scared. But I'm still going to go."
Although Kake, like any community, wasn't completely free of crime, Tinker (Claribel) Williams, manager of the Keex' Kwaan Lodge in Kake and no relation to Jade Williams, expressed that it seemed like they were managing.
"We thought we were living in this bubble where we all looked out for each other," Williams said. This assumption was harshly challenged in the winter of 2013, when Mackenzie Howard was raped and murdered a few weeks after her 13th birthday.
Howard was a bright, personable kid, well-liked in her hometown, interested in her native history and learning the native language from her grandmother. If she had lived, her mother says, she would be fluent by now. She was found by the pastor's wife, naked in the small white Presbyterian church across from her house. Her head had been struck so hard it could not be made recognizable for her family before her funeral. Since the village had no law enforcement, men from the village had to stand over the body for 11 hours to protect the crime scene while they waited for state troopers to fly into Kake.
"I know everyone's tired of hearing this," her mother, Marla Howard said, "but when a moose is shot," she hits the table, "they're right here. Even after Mackenzie, even after Jade, the troopers were still up the road protecting the moose while we had no law here. That was hard. It's not right."
Marla Howard is wearing a forest green sweatshirt, sitting in the conference room of the Organized Village of Kake. The walls of the room are decorated with carvings by local artists of the animals that live here, particularly eagles and ravens, which represent the two clans that live in Southeast Alaska for hundreds of years, Tlingit and Haida.
"I feel a little dizzy just sitting here," she says.
She mentions a few times that her hands are shaking, as if her emotions are too big and indescribable and she wants to anchor them with something tangible. Mid-conversation her husband, Kip Howard, joins her in the room, tall and lanky in a thick workman's jacket. He works the snowplow in the winter and keeps an eye on the clouds outside, joking that his mother was wrong when she said money didn't fall from the sky. But for the most part, he lets his wife speak about their daughter while he stares somewhere past her, occasionally nodding in agreement, letting the tears roll silently down his face.
Howard's case eventually was solved by the troopers who came in to investigate. Her attacker, a 14-year-old boy from Kake, was incarcerated for three years and now lives in Anchorage, according to Howard. The post-arrest process frustrated the Howards. They felt the judge didn't try hard enough to get the truth of the details of the crime from the boy who killed their daughter, and the court proceedings seemed to take forever.
Howard says one of her friends in state government kept asking about the case, and she kept answering, "Nothing, nothing, nothing. She said if Mackenzie were a white girl it would've been taken care of already—and she's a white lady way the heck up there."
The state sometimes provides law enforcement to tribes through a state-tribal collaboration called the Village Public Safety Officer (VPSO) program. The officers, as defined by Alaska's Department of Public Safety are "first responders to public safety emergencies" like "search and rescue, fire protection, emergency medical assistance, crime prevention and basic law enforcement." The VPSOs are hired by the regional tribal non-profit (in Southeast Alaska, that's the Central Council of Tlingit and Haida, which encompasses several communities,) using Alaska Department of Public Safety funds, and trained and overseen by the Alaska state troopers. The multiple levels of oversight leaves some people confused as to who, exactly, the VPSOs are working for.
Plus, Village Public Safety Officers aren't given the full authority of a true police officer. Jackson and Anthony Gastelum, Kake's Tribal Court Coordinator, joked back and forth about the lack of authority the state grants VPSOs. They compare them to security guards, or monitors.
"It's nothing against them, it's just the way that it is," Jackson said.
Despite the fact that the state passed a law arming VPSOs a few years ago, they remain unarmed until all 10 regional tribes in Alaska can agree on standard rules regulating officer gun use. Jason Wilson, VPSO Program Coordinator for the Tlingit and Haida tribes explains that the learning curve for the ten different tribes is also fairly steep, "You're talking about non-law enforcement entities trying to operate a law enforcement program."
Until the tribes can work out the procedures, the VPSOs are left with just a taser, pepper spray, and baton, and limited authority. Traffic stops are forbidden to officers entirely until they are armed, and they are advised to use their discretion on domestic violence calls, particularly when there's only one VPSO in a village with no back-up.
"There's two calls that are the most dangerous for any officer, DUIs—dealing with traffic stops in general, and dealing with domestic violence calls," Wilson said. "Imagine being the sole person, not having the tools, and people are in a heightened state, their minds are altered to some degree, and there's weapons in the house ... That's what they deal with on a regular basis."
While the safety of indigenous women is compromised across the country, the situation in Alaska is unique. When the U.S. settled the question of land rights in Alaska with the indigenous population in 1969, the land was given back to the people through "native corporations" the U.S. created, instead of reservations like in the lower 48. One important result is there is almost no "Indian country" jurisdiction in the Alaska–tribes don't have jurisdiction based on land boundaries like they do in the rest of the country. Alaskan tribes must exercise jurisdiction through tribal membership.
For some indigenous Alaskans, like Judge Debra O'Gara, it's important to assert that while the legal definition of "Indian Country" is concrete, the general definition is subjective.
"This concept of 'no Indian country' is a misnomer." she explains. "First off, Indian country is all around us.... If you talk to the tribal governments in the state of Alaska, the entire state is Indian country. Now if you talk to the Alaska state government, current and past, Indian country is almost non-existent. So it really is a matter of perspective."
But for most, it's enough to know that the lack of legally defined Indian Country limits several paths to a safer environment for indigenous women. It makes it harder for tribes to run their own courts and exercise the power of those courts, which could make for speedier restraining orders and sentencing time. And it makes it difficult to access federal funding for tribal-run law enforcement, both because the tribes get less money from the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) and because without reservation land, tribes cannot tax residents to raise money for public services.
Access to federal resources is also restricted by Alaska's status as a what is known as a PL-280 state. In majority of the U.S. states, tribes have jurisdiction over indigenous offenders on reservations, and the federal government has jurisdiction over non-indigenous offenders and most serious crimes. However, in 11 PL-280 states, a 1953 law (Public Law 280) gave that federal criminal jurisdiction to states.
According to Chris Foley, an attorney at the Indian Law Resource Center, "historically at least, the federal government has refused to provide any federal funding for tribes to provide justice services in PL-280 states." That makes the state the only source of law enforcement and Alaska, which is currently facing a $1.6 billion deficit, may not be prepared to carry the load.
In the other PL-280 states, if the state cannot afford law enforcement for indigenous communities, local police can still respond, Foley adds. "They may be far away, and they may in practice de-prioritize Indian country, but they are still there. In Alaska, when you have off-road communities without police officers, then there is no county sheriff or next-town over police officer who can drive in."
With law enforcement so in demand, Amanda Price, Alaska's commissioner of public safety, is trying to refocus the conversation not just on the VPSOs, but on increasing rural law enforcement more generally. That could mean a trying to push for more money from the BIA for tribal law enforcement, stationing an Alaska state trooper in area without other law enforcement, or partnering with local governments to help them develop their own police presence.
"Strengthening the VPSO program in itself is really challenging," she said. "Strengthening rural public safety response, if you look at it from that perspective and nothing is off the table, I think that we're going to come up with some innovative and creative strategies to make sure communities have law enforcement presence."
While there are some communities that have enough of an infrastructure to fund their own police departments and support systems, many small native communities can't operate those services without the assistance of the state or federal government. And, Price points out, the issue of providing rural law enforcement goes beyond funding. Cities and villages prefer to hire from within the community, but you want to hire from a group of a few hundred, the likelihood of finding someone who's interested in serving is low.
"Even if ...all of a sudden we funneled out a billion dollars and said every community can hire two law enforcement individuals, there have to be people who want to serve in that capacity," Price said.
That's part of the reason Kake is excited about their new Village Public Safety Officer, Dean Cavanaugh. Kake has had VPSOs in the past, but the turnover rate was high and the hiring process, as Price pointed out, was long and sometimes impossible. Cavanaugh is their first VPSO to have grown up in Kake, and the village is hopeful he will stay for a while. He is a tall guy, young, with dark hair and dark rimmed glasses, and is often described in Kake as quiet; a good kid who mostly kept to himself growing up. He says he does plan on staying as long as he can— he took the job to help out his community, after all—but he doesn't think he can make it a long- term career. The money ($26 an hour) isn't great, but it's fair, he says. He just can't imagine being on call 24-7 for the rest of his life. It's exhausting, particularly in Kake's current situation, where the jail has degraded and is unusable, so Cavanaugh has to stay up all night in his makeshift office with anyone he arrests.
That dilapidated jail is one example of the second barrier tribes run into with the state. Not only do tribal governments want resources, like law enforcement, for their communities, they want the authority to decide what to do with them. Jason Wilson wants to be able to use VPSO program funds to fix the jail because he knows it's critically important, but right now he can't get approval from the state. "I love the way the program's set up," Wilson said, "but I think, fund each of us individually and allow us to do what's best for our communities."
Having a bigger role in shaping their communities is a goal that crops up again and again in conversations with Alaskans.
Judge O'Gara says while legalities like Indian Country are truly important, communities can be made a lot safer just through better collaboration between that state and tribal governments.
"Our fight isn't necessarily really in resources, as much as if we cooperated, and worked together, we would be able to protect more people," she explained. "Do I want the program to be replaced with something? No, I'd much rather see the VPSO more fully funded, better trained, and given the tools that they need in order to do the job that they're asked to do, which is protect the village, protect the community, and be available for emergencies."
When Jade Williams was killed in her own home, a few years after Howard was murdered, men from the town once again stood over her body, waiting for the troopers to come in. Standing broken in that familiar scene, the people of Kake must have wondered why nothing had changed.
Williams was hanging out and drinking with three 21-year-old men when she died of blunt force trauma to the head. Almost two years later, Kake is still waiting for the case to be solved.
Jason Wilson still wonders if an officer could have made the difference between life and death for her that night.
"What if we had somebody working, would that have happened," he said. "Would somebody have said, maybe I shouldn't do this."
Nat Austin, the social services director in Kake, seems to agree. She says before Kake had VPSOs, the whole atmosphere would change when state troopers came into town. "People know when they're here, they know when they're gone, and it's always a shit storm the day that they leave," she said. She thinks that having law enforcement in town has changed a lot.
Anthony Gastelum lived next door to Williams, and said some of the young men walked into his house that night to tell he and his wife what had happened.
"I haven't had a chance to grieve yet," he said. "I'm going to continue to be assertive for where I live. And care. It's ok to care." He's very grateful to be able to work with a team of people who all have the same purpose: to be there for their big extended family. "Whatever it takes."
"It becomes very personal to everyone, because we've seen these children when they were babies, and grow up to be young teenagers, and then their lives are cut short."
Heidi Vantrease agrees. In a community as small as Kake, everyone wears several different hats, and it's easy to get to know–and care about–most everyone. "All these things, all these things, they don't just affect just a single family. It affects the whole community."
William & Mary Sharp 2018-2019 Reporting Projects
Reporting Fellow
Brooke Stephenson is a senior at the College of William and Mary, majoring in public policy and minoring in creative writing. On campus she works at the climbing wall and as outdoor trip leader with...
Culture, Politics, Public Health, Systems and Safety
Campus Consortium:


The Vision Performance Institute (VPI) is currently located in Room 129 of Scott Hall of Pacific University in Forest Grove, Ore. Additional researcher offices and clinical space are located elsewhere in Scott and Jefferson Halls.
The VPI facilities house a vast array of equipment used in vision and clinical research. Some of our research equipment can be seen in our flickr gallery.


text:
Meteorite Crash In Russia From Different Angle
February 15, 2013. A series of explosions in the skies of Russia's Urals region, reportedly caused by a meteor shower, has sparked panic in three major cities. Witnesses said that houses shuddered, windows were blown out and cellphones stopped working.
A bright flash was seen in the Chelyabinsk, Tyumen and Sverdlovsk regions, Russia's Republic of Bashkiria and in northern Kazakhstan.Lifenews tabloid reported that at least one piece of the fallen object caused damage on the ground in Chelyabinsk. According to preliminary reports, it crashed into a wall near a zinc factory, disrupting the fiber-optic connections of internet providers and mobile operators.
Witnesses said the explosion was so loud that it resembled an earthquake and thunder at the same time, and that there were huge trails of smoke across the sky. Others reported seeing burning objects fall to earth.Police in the Chelyabinsk region are reportedly on high alert, and have enacted the 'Fortress' plan in order to protect vital infrastructure.
Office buildings in downtown Chelyabinsk are being evacuated. Injuries were reported at one of the city's secondary schools, supposedly from smashed windows. No other injuries have been reported so far.An emergency message published on the website of the Chelyabinsk regional authority urged residents to pick up their children from school and remain at home if possible.
Watch Russian Car Crash Compilation http://www.youtube.com/user/CarCrashCompilation .
JOIN QUIZGROUP PARTNER PROGRAM: http://join.quizgroup.com/ .
See also Rallye de picardie #best of teddy blanc garin mitsu evo9
High Speed Street Racing | the Best of what went wrong in 2020 [take-2]
High Speed Street Racing | the Best of what went wrong in 2020
September 24, 2020 February 14, 2021
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text:
Q: High CPU usage, shutdowns and "invalid command name "26.774817104116487""? I am running a code with tk console in VMD (Visual Molecular Dynamics). The first problem I encountered was that the code took up too much of my computer's processing power and caused VMD to shut down. I think this is because I was having it print every result to the file. I really only need to look at the results where the distance is less than 20. Below is the original code that was causing VMD to close:
set seg1 [atomselect top "segname LA0 and name CA"]
set seg2 [atomselect top "segname RA0 and name CA"]

set file [open "Contact_map27.dat" w]

set list1 [$seg1 get index]
set list2 [$seg2 get index]

foreach atom1 $list1 {
    foreach atom2 $list2 {
            set index1 [atomselect top "index $atom1"]
            set index2 [atomselect top "index $atom2"]
            set resid1 [[atomselect top "index $atom1"] get resid]
            set resid2 [[atomselect top "index $atom2"] get resid]
            set resnm1 [[atomselect top "index $atom1"] get resname]
            set resnm2 [[atomselect top "index $atom2"] get resname]
 puts $file "$resnm1 $resid1 $resnm2 $resid2 [veclength [vecsub [measure center $index1] [measure center $index2]]]"
            $index1 delete
            $index2 delete
    }
}

close $file

Below is the modification I made that should only print the values if the distance is less than 20:
set seg1 [atomselect top "segname LA0 and name CA"]
set seg2 [atomselect top "segname RA0 and name CA"]

set file [open "Contact_map27.dat" w]

set list1 [$seg1 get index]
set list2 [$seg2 get index]

foreach atom1 $list1 {
    foreach atom2 $list2 {
            set index1 [atomselect top "index $atom1"]
            set index2 [atomselect top "index $atom2"]
            set resid1 [[atomselect top "index $atom1"] get resid]
            set resid2 [[atomselect top "index $atom2"] get resid]
            set resnm1 [[atomselect top "index $atom1"] get resname]
            set resnm2 [[atomselect top "index $atom2"] get resname]
    set dist [[veclength [vecsub [measure center $index1] [measure center $index2]]]]
 if {$dist < 20} {
puts $file "$resnm1 $resid1 $resnm2 $resid2 $dist"}
else {puts $file " "}
            $index1 delete
            $index2 delete
    }
}

close $file

The error message I get when I run the second code is "invalid command name "26.774817104116487""
If anyone can just give me a second pair of eyes and let me know what is going on I would greatly appreciate it! Thanks in advance!

A: You had an extra set of brackets around the call to veclength.
You can reduce the amount of CPU used by moving some code out of the inner loop and into the outer loop.  Calls that only depend on atom1 don't need to be in the inner loop.
You can also reduce the amount of CPU by using your index variables that you set. The variables aren't used and the 'atomselect' call is repeated.  I'm making the assumption that it returns the same index each time.
set seg1 [atomselect top "segname LA0 and name CA"]
set seg2 [atomselect top "segname RA0 and name CA"]

set file [open "Contact_map27.dat" w]

set list1 [$seg1 get index]
set list2 [$seg2 get index]

foreach atom1 $list1 {
    set index1 [atomselect top "index $atom1"]
    set resid1 [$index1 get resid]
    set resnm1 [$index1 get resname]
    foreach atom2 $list2 {
            set index2 [atomselect top "index $atom2"]
            set resid2 [$index2 get resid]
            set resnm2 [$index2 get resname]
    set dist [veclength [vecsub [measure center $index1] [measure center $index2]]]
 if {$dist < 20} {
puts $file "$resnm1 $resid1 $resnm2 $resid2 $dist"}
else {puts $file " "}
            $index2 delete
    }
    $index1 delete
}

close $file

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Information on RAF organistions and societies.
Battle of Britain Historical Society: In the summer of 1940, 2,944 pilots took part in an historic battle against the German Luftwaffe that was to become the only battle ever to be fought entirely in the air, this battle was to become known as the 'Battle of Britain' and the pilots as 'The Few'.
Armed Forces Memorial Appeal: The Appeal's task is to provide a National Monument of beauty, meaning and substance, to act as a lasting Memorial to the men and women of the United Kingdom Armed Forces who have lost their lives while on duty or as a result of terrorism since the Second World War.
Confederation of British Service & Ex-Service Organisations: COBSEO is established to represent, promote and further the interests of Service and ex-Service men and women of all ranks, and of their spouses and dependants by all practical, legal and proper means.
Royal Air Force Charitable Trust: The Royal Air Force Charitable Trust is an independent charity and has as its objectives the promotion of recruiting and efficiency in the Royal Air Force as well as supporting RAF charitable work.


Music & Sound Collar SmarTech's Bluetooth Headphones with enhanced bass that makes the music come alive.
-Talk/Music Time: Up to 25 hours higher quality sound with enhanced data processing.
-Bluetooth Version: 4.0 good for up to 30 ft distortion free.
-Long Battery Life fully rechargeable and recharging cable included.
-Ear-buds stores with a magnetic cling when -not in use at the tip of the headphone band.


Reading difficulties are the most common cause of academic failure and underachievement. Learning to read and write is not natural or easy for many- if not most- students, especially those with dyslexia and related language problems. Oral language is hard wired into our brains but written language has to be acquired through instruction. Although dyslexia and related reading and language problems may originate with neurobiological differences, they are mainly treated with skilled teaching.
Teaching reading effectively, especially to students experiencing difficulty, requires considerable knowledge and skill. Many studies have shown that students' gains are predicted by the interaction between teacher knowledge and amount of explicit instruction students received. Even a "good program" cannot replace teacher knowledge. According to Piasta et al. (SSE, 2009) "more code instruction by teachers with low levels of knowledge did not produce student gains", therefore even highly scripted core curricular "cannot replace the expert teaching of highly knowledgeable teachers". Teachers who undertake training in the Orton-Gillingham approach are given both the theoretical knowledge and practical skills necessary to provide effective instruction in reading and writing.


Blotch mine in leaflet of Poison Ivy (Toxicodendron radicans) in upland bur oak-shagbark hickory forest. Mine visible only on upper surface.
Moved from ID Request. Yes, good match, good call! The leaf mine caused by this species in poison ivy also appears in the photograph on page 349 in Eiseman and Charney (1).
Especially check out the comments on the images (there are only three images) which could point to information that can finalize the ID.


text:
U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom: Chinese Regime Still Harvests Organs on Large Scale
The U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) called out China as one of the world's most egregious persecutors of...
06-08-2019 | UNITED STATES
US Officials, Lawmaker Slam China Over Religious Persecution of Ethnic Uyghurs
Top U.S. officials and a U.S. lawmaker have called out China in recent days for its treatment of ethnic Uyghurs...
Canadian Foreign Affairs Minister Alarmed by Plight of Detained Falun Gong Practitioner
Foreign Affairs Minister Chrystia Freeland says Prime Minister Justin Trudeau takes "very, very personally to heart" the plight of Canadians...
12-20-2017 | GOVERNMENT/NGOS
US Compiles List of Chinese Officials Linked to Organ Harvesting of Falun Gong Practitioners
U.S. State Department officials overseeing human rights issues in the Asia Pacific region have announced that President Donald Trump has...
12-20-2017 | PUBLIC SUPPORT
Chinese Influence at All levels of Australian Politics, says Clive Hamilton
One of Australia's most prominent public intellectuals, Charles Sturt University professor Clive Hamilton, claims the Chinese Communist Party is inserting...
11-29-2017 | IN SOCIETY
United States House Resolution 343
H.Res.343 - Expressing concern regarding persistent and credible reports of systematic, state-sanctioned organ harvesting from non-consenting prisoners of conscience in...
Israeli Government
06-03-2017 | ISRAEL
06-03-2017 | AUSTRALIA
06-03-2017 | CANADA
06-03-2017 | EUROPEAN UNION