Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi has started cashing in politically on the victory over the Islamic State (ISIS) in Mosul even though he knows very well, just as everyone else does, that the terrorist organisation is alive and well in alternative forms and sizes within Mosul's flanks in Tal Afar and in al-Hawija at Kirkuk and in western Anbar.
As he sees members of his party and friends from outside his party frantically trying to benefit politically from the victory at Mosul, it is perfectly legitimate for Abadi to use all means at his disposal to pursue the same objective. The state has tremendous political, military and security capabilities that he can harness to convince the Iraqi public that he is the right man to lead the country after the next elections.
Abadi, however, knows very well that he cannot use the victory at Mosul as a springboard to jump over the tremendous challenges ahead. These are many. Mosul's inhabitants have a tonne of demands. They want to retrieve their children held under the suspicion of belonging to ISIS in internment camps very much like camps during the Nazi period. They want to go back to their homes, even though the homes are in ruins because of the bombardment by Iraqi and coalition forces. They want the government to account for the 40,000 dead and thousands of injured from these bombardments. Abadi must deal with accusations of human rights violations committed by members of the Iraqi armed forces and related militias in Mosul and the other liberated zones.
Abadi is under pressure while leaders of the other Shia parties have it easy. Fortunately, the Iraqi military redeemed itself in Mosul and recaptured the former glory and fighting spirit of the Iraqi soldier. Still, Abadi seems to think that his party is his private hunting ground and that he is the best qualified politically to lead Iraq.
The victory in Mosul is going to have ground-shaking reverberations inside Iraq and in the region. It is not surprising therefore to witness the preparation frenzy that has gripped the local political forces. Some have skipped the current stage and jumped to the next. For example, Ammar al-Hakim's initiative of forming a new political party was not enthusiastically welcomed by Shia groups that have seen their military might increase in the last three years.
Not to be outdone, the Sunni camp went, without great conviction, through the motions of preparing for the post-ISIS phase. They had meetings in Turkey and Baghdad with circles from the Arab world concerned about the fate of the Sunni Arabs in Iraq.
Old habits die hard, however, and the Sunni political forces reverted to protecting their own petty interests and had no solutions to offer to the myriad of problems plaguing the Sunni community in Iraq.
Abadi might see himself the best fit for this role. The war against ISIS is unfinished and, the coalition leadership warned, will require a long time. For this reason, Abadi said that the objective of "military victory" should take precedence over all other considerations, demands and political needs. He goes as far as questioning the legitimacy of Iraqi circles and individuals demanding an end to all abuses and more protection for the Sunnis.
Abadi seems more intent than his colleagues on preserving sectarianism in Iraq. He seems to have forgotten that he can no longer postpone his responsibilities towards the urgent problems of the Iraqi people.
What does he intend to do about the rampant dangerous criminality in Baghdad? Is he going to do something to alleviate the frequent power outages in Baghdad? Does he have a project for stamping out the real causes behind the rise of ISIS?
The usual litany of blaming everything on former members of the Ba'ath Party simply will not do anymore. What has Abadi done to guard against ISIS's return in other forms?
The window of opportunity is there for Abadi to assume the role of a truly nationalistic leader genuinely concerned about Iraq's future. Iraq needs fewer political auctions and settlements and more sacrifices and non-sectarian fairness.


text:
Author: Robert P. George (Robert George)
Robert P. George is McCormick Professor of Jurisprudence and Director of the James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions at Princeton University. He has served as Chairman of the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom and as a member of the President's Council on Bioethics and the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights. He also served as the U.S. member of UNESCO's World Commission on the Ethics of Scientific Knowledge and Technology. His honors include the U.S. Presidential Citizens Medal, the Honorific Medal for the Defense of Human Rights of the Republic of Poland, and Princeton's President's Award for Distinguished Teaching. A graduate of Swarthmore College, he holds the degrees of MTS and JD from Harvard University and the degrees of DPhil, BCL, DCL, and DLitt from Oxford University, as well as twenty-one honorary degrees.
October 27, 2020October 27, 2020Marriage, Religion, Sexuality
Pope Francis, Civil Unions, and Moral Truth
By Ryan T. Anderson and Robert P. George
More deeply understanding the truth about marriage and human sexuality will help all of us flourish. And that is what a pastor like Pope Francis desires. We can understand—indeed we share—the frustration of our fellow Catholics with the ways in which the Holy Father conducts interviews and the ways in which the media distorts them, but we must not do anything to undermine the truth that sets us free.
April 7, 2020July 28, 2020Bioethics, Coronavirus, Culture, Economics, Healthcare, Science
The COVID-19 Pandemic: What Do and Don't We Know
By Robert P. George and Nicholas Christakis
This is a fundamental human experience that we're having. Plagues have been described for a very long time. It's just that we ourselves are not used to having it. I would happily stay at home for three months if it meant that my neighbors are not going to die.
This interview is adapted from the Webinar conversation "Pandemic! What Do and Don't We Know? Robert P. George in Conversation with Nicholas A. Christakis."
January 5, 2020January 7, 2020Marriage, Politics, Religion and the Public Square, Sexuality
Courage, Love, and Sacrifice in the Fight for Marriage Reality
By Robert P. George
Every time we fail to muster the courage to do what's right, what God is calling us to do, there is behind that failure a still deeper failure: a failure of love.
December 8, 2019July 28, 2020Sexuality, Transgender
Physical Interventions on the Bodies of Children to "Affirm" their "Gender Identity" Violate Sound Medical Ethics and Should be Prohibited
Rather than teaching children to identify based on how well they fit prevailing cultural expectations on sex, we should be teaching them that the truth of their sexual identity is based on their bodies, and that sometimes cultural associations attached to the sexes are misguided or simply too narrow. There is a wonderfully rich array of ways of expressing one's embodiment as male or female.
June 3, 2019July 28, 2020History, Religion
Immoral Conduct and Moral Witness
By Rev. Eugene F. Rivers and Robert P. George
Does the sexual depravity of Martin Luther King, Jr. negate his work and witness in the cause of racial justice?
June 17, 2018July 11, 2018Marriage, Religion, Sexuality
Fr. James Martin, Friendship and Dialogue, and the Truth about Human Sexuality
It is not merely that we "reject the sin, but love the sinner," though we do that; we reject the sin because we love the sinner—radically love him, willing his good for his own sake, affirming the teaching of the Church in all its richness because we recognize that it is liberating and life-affirming.
October 19, 2017July 10, 2020Bioethics
Embryos and Five-Year-Olds: Whom to Rescue
By Robert P. George and Christopher O. Tollefsen
Both human embryos and human five-year-olds are human beings equal in fundamental worth and dignity. But there are differences between the embryos and five-year-olds that are or can be morally relevant to the decision concerning whom to rescue.
October 5, 2017July 24, 2018Marriage, Religion and the Public Square, Sexuality
Fr. James Martin on Marriage, Sexual Morality, and the Church's Teachings: A Solution to the Puzzle
Does Fr. James Martin in fact reject the Church's teachings on sex and marriage? If so, why does he insist that he does not?
May 2, 2017July 10, 2020Philosophy
The Soul: Not Dead Yet
By Patrick Lee and Robert P. George
The traditional philosophical and theological concept of the soul allows us to integrate what the empirical sciences reveal with what we know about ourselves as rational and moral beings.
February 16, 2016July 24, 2018Constitutional Law
Antonin Scalia: An American Originalist
With the death of Antonin Gregory Scalia the nation has lost one of its greatest jurists and a man who embodied the principle of fidelity to the Constitution.
January 11, 2016July 10, 2020Conscience Protection, Politics, Sexuality
Liberty and SOGI Laws: An Impossible and Unsustainable "Compromise"
Big Business and Big Law are using Big Government to impose their cultural values on small businesses and ordinary Americans. Indiana does not need to create new laws on sexual orientation or gender identity for people who identify as sexual minorities to be treated justly. The best way to protect all Hoosiers is for Indiana not to adopt a SOGI policy at all.
November 19, 2015July 24, 2018American Founding, Religion and the Public Square
Could America Survive without Religion?
Can freedom survive in a society in which most citizens believe that human beings, who are supposed to have inalienable rights, are merely material beings inhabiting a universe of purely material and efficient causality?
August 21, 2015July 24, 2018Culture
Amy Kass: Teacher, Truth-Teller, Defender of Dignity
The loss of Amy Kass is incalculable. But what cannot be taken from us are the lessons she taught, not only by precept, but by the splendid example of the life she led.
August 18, 2015July 20, 2020Abortion, Bioethics
Marco Rubio Is Right: The Life of a New Human Being Begins at Conception
By Patrick Lee, Christopher O. Tollefsen and Robert P. George
Senator Rubio is on the firmest possible scientific ground when he says that science shows that the child in the womb, from the very point of successful fertilization, is indeed a human being.
May 1, 2015July 24, 2018Constitutional Law, Marriage
Marriage and Equal Protection
For the Court to strike down laws defining marriage as the conjugal union of husband and wife would be to abolish the idea that men and women matter—equally—in the lives of the children they create. And it would be both a judicial usurpation of legislative authority and a federal intrusion into a matter left by the Constitution in the hands of the states.
April 3, 2015July 10, 2020Religion and the Public Square
Now Is the Time to Talk About Religious Liberty
By Charles J. Chaput, Robert P. George, William E. Lori, R. Albert Mohler, Jr., and Russell Moore
Religious liberty is precisely what allows a pluralistic society to live together in peace.
March 17, 2015July 10, 2020Marriage, Natural Law
Natural Law and the Unity and Truth of Sexual Ethics: A Reply to Gary Gutting
By John Finnis and Robert P. George
Catholic sexual ethics are as fully reasonable today as they were in the time of St Paul. In fact, the natural law understanding of human fulfillment is inherently intelligible even without a theistic framework.
March 2, 2015July 10, 2020Constitutional Law, Foreign Affairs
President Obama's Dishonest and Unconstitutional De-Authorization
By Michael Stokes Paulsen and Robert P. George
President Obama's "authorization" request is designed to curtail existing legal authority to wage war on ISIL and to handcuff future presidents in the exercise of their constitutional authority as commander in chief.
February 11, 2015July 24, 2018Book Reviews, Conscience Protection
The Oldest Trick in the Book Reviewer's Book: On Misreading Conscience and Its Enemies
James M. Oleske's "review" of my new book is no review at all. It's an intellectually dishonest hit piece.
January 6, 2015July 24, 2018Culture, Politics
The Mario That Might Have Been
With his intelligence and his oratorical gifts, Mario Cuomo could have been the true champion of the little guy—the littlest of all—if he had kept the Democratic Party from becoming captive to the abortion interest.
October 15, 2014November 8, 2018Marriage, Religion and the Public Square
Has the Catholic Church Changed Its Teaching on Sex and Marriage?
Amid reports of "earthquakes" and "seismic" shifts, we ought to remember the Catholic Church's moral teachings in their wholeness, which have not shifted.
July 25, 2014August 4, 2020Marriage
Contrasting Views of Marriage: Civil Debate on a Serious Issue
By Jameson W. Doig and Robert P. George
Although we disagree with each other about the nature of marriage, we are united in the conviction that it is an issue on which reasonable people of good will can and do reach divergent conclusions.
Contrasting Views of Marriage, Round Two: The Destructive Logic of Marriage Revisionism
Part four of a continuing exchange between Doig and George on the meaning and purpose of marriage.
Contrasting Views of Marriage: The Need for a Defining Principle
George replies to Doig's criticisms of George's arguments regarding marriage. The second in a week-long exchange.
December 2, 2013July 29, 2020Marriage
What Makes a Marriage? Love, Sex, or Comprehensive Union
By Sherif Girgis, Ryan T. Anderson and Robert P. George
Prof. Charles Reid thinks love makes a marriage. He claims we think sex makes a marriage. In truth, comprehensive union makes a marriage. And getting marriage right matters for everyone.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Submitted 4 months 3 weeks ago by Victoria Hume.
The BMJ's Medical Humanities Journal has just published the first English-language special issue to deal exclusively with work on and about Medical and Health Humanities (MHH) in Africa. Edited by Carla Tsampiras (UCT), Nolwazi Mkhwanazi (WiSER) and Victoria Hume (WiSER), the special issue is showcasing the work of new and established academics and practitioners working in the field in the December 2018 special issue – with an accompanying series of blogs and podcasts.
The special issue is an initative of the Medical and Health Humanities Network Africa - a collaboration between universities and individual practitioners across Africa, and was developed at a WiSER workshop, co-funded by the University of Cape Town, with participants from South Africa, Zimbabwe, Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania, Malawi, Swaziland, the UK and Canada.


The members of Random Access Music performer/composer collective are pleased to have received several proposals from new music ensembles for the 2018 Queens New Music Festival (www.queensnewmusicfestival.org). The call closed on Monday, January 15, 2018.
Random Access Music (www.ram-nyc.org) will present live concerts of new music during the week of May 16-20. RAM will offer performance space and logistical help to ensembles and individual performers that will help RAM further our mission of bringing new music to new audiences. Any ensemble that specializes in performing new music for the concert hall will be considered. Any genre or style will be accepted. The only requirement is that the proposed program must be comprised entirely of music written in the last 50 years or by living composers. Six proposals will be selected by the panel of judges, which consist of the member composers and performers of Random Access Music.
All concerts will take place at the Secret Theatre, Main Stage, 44-02 23rd Street, Long Island City, NY. The Secret Theatre Main Stage space is located just 3 blocks from the PS1 Art Museum and 4 blocks from the N, Q, R, E, V, G and 7 trains. Long Island City has a burgeoning arts scene, with the Fisher Landau Center for Art, the Dorsky Gallery, the Noguchi Museum, the SculptureCenter, the Flux Factory, the Secret Theatre, and a dozen other arts groups and venues all located nearby. The Secret Theatre will provide box office services for the concerts, as well as light refreshments for purchase by the audience.
RAM is accepting proposals from all groups and all genres of concert hall new music. While jazz-themed ensembles are acceptable, the festival's emphasis will be on "concert hall" music (sometimes referred to as "classical"). Jazz-themed ensembles should include in their proposal how their work bridges those boundaries. Proposals with electronic and digital instruments/equipment will be accepted. (Access to certain amenities, such as video projection, special lighting, etc. at the venue is available, but has been subject to change and a possible rental charge from Secret Theatre, which RAM does not cover; we will confirm what is available when we announce the winning proposals.) Ensembles chosen for the festival will be given approximately 60 minutes of technical rehearsal time in the venue during May 14-17, depending on the performance date. Set-up time during the festival will be approximately 30 minutes. Performances will be limited to approximately 75 minutes—including applause, change-over, or non-performance related activity.
The agreement between RAM and the performing ensembles will stipulate that all ticket sales will be given to the performing group or soloist (100%). RAM will provide the venue, marketing of the festival as a whole, and logistical support for each act. No performers' fees will be offered by RAM. No travel expenses will be provided by RAM. No cartage fees will be provided by RAM. No sound, video or stage engineers will be provided by RAM. However, a house manager will be available. Simple tasks like pressing a playback or project button during the performance can be accommodated, however.
All proposals must be submitted via email to [email protected].
• A short description (1 or 2 paragraphs) of the proposed concert, including the titles, composers, and approximate lengths of the works to be performed. Programs must contain a minimum of 1 hour of performance time (including applause, etc.). For ensembles that specialize in improvisatory styles/genres, the description of your intended program should include the kinds of works you will present. (For example, is there a theme to the improvisatory works? Is there a unifying thread? Is there a technical or musical approach to the proposed concert? Describe the feel/look/form of the concert so that the panel can judge the kind of program we should expect to hear and to present with the other festival performers.) Also, include any unique technical needs required by the performance.
• 2-5 online links to audio/video of the performing ensemble. If links are not available, please submit 1 or 2 mp3 clips of representative performances–no more than 10 megabytes TOTAL. Do not send multiple files totaling more than 10 megabytes. The judges will listen to the audio clips to verify artistic quality.
• 1 paragraph detailing recent concert attendance (include number of established audience, the actual audience size along with the name of a specific venue, or a reasonable estimate of the size of the audience that might attend your performance at the Queens New Music Festival).
Preference will be given to proposals with a well-planned program and to performers who show past success or strong future potential to build an audience for new music concerts.
The call closed on Monday, January 15. Decisions will be made soon.


She's going to kill me - the boss that is (who happens to be my wife). When she finds out I'm offering this diamond for this price, she'll tell me I'm nuts!
What happened is this: a cutter who's a great friend of ours finished this stone. It's quite imperfect, but the color... wow. He "gave" it to us at a price which is unrelated to the value, once we send it to GIA.
It could easily be worth double, even triple, depending on what GIA calls the color. The imperfections are all the sort that "blend in" - in other words, no black spots. Nor do the imperfections pose a durability risk.
So get it while the getting's good- because we will be sending it off, toots sweet. BTW - you're free to buy it and we'll be happy to submit it to GIA on your behalf.


Spotting scope - what is a good one to see .223 holes in a target at 300 yards?
I don't want to break the bank, but I don't want to have to shoot the scope to remove frustration with it.
I was looking at the Vortex Diamondback 20-60x80 and the Leupold 20-60x80. Only problem is, I can't "test" them in the store to see if it will do what I want. I do know that the Diamondback 20-60x60 does NOT have enough eye relief for me.
They are each around $500. Do I need to spend the 900 on a viper or 1500 on the Razor to see these holes?
What do you think about the 500 ones? What would you recommend - or what would you stay away from?
I was looking at the Vortex due to the warranty. I have their scopes and range finder and like both.
Re: Spotting scope - what is a good one to see .223 holes in a target at 300 yards?
You are really going to be pushing it. I have the razor and seeing 223 at 300 is doable under the right conditions but not ideal. Your best bet may be a target camera system. In my experience, the difference between a $100 spotter and a $500 one are minimal. Even when you step up in price, seeing 223 holes are going to be tough and require the right lighting and outside temperature. Just a hair of mirage will ruin your view completely. I have a vortex razor 60x and can see 308 holes out to 400 on shoot n sees. That's about it's limit.
My solution is not practical for most shooters, but I will tell you about it anyway. I set up a video receiver and 7" video monitor at the shooter position and a video camera at the target with output to a transmitter. This was maybe five years ago and there are many commercially available systems out now with more transmitter range and better video resolution using HDMI camera output to the transmitter. This also gets away from the mirage problem as the target camera can be a short distance from the target. I don't recommend a fixed focal length camera at the target. I use a $200 Canon consumer grade camcorder (same one I use for pistol videos but with the transmitter), place it on a cheap tripod with a ball head, just off the bullet path in a stable position, adjust the camera zoom to show the target area of interest, turn it on record and drive back to the shooting line. I've used it to 500 meters and video the shots as they hit the target as well as view what the target camera is seeing real time as I am shooting. No need for a scope.
Here is an example of a .308 at 547 yards.
Gopro and bluetooth is probably the cheapest as an older version would work fine. Gopro or almost any digital camera and wireless system to any size monitor probably next. Even the super cheap wireless systems from China work well in line of sight situations. RC type batteries for power eliminates lead acid battery use or cheap gell battery. All systems work well on 8-12 volts and donte draw much so small batteries work fine and are much easier to lug to targets.
I would probably hit a GoPro if it was close enough to show .223 holes and a 6"x12" target. Lens is very wide angle of view. I haven't "shot" a Canon camcorder yet!!
Joe that's a great setup and some fine shooting!
I don't get to shoot the rifle much, but I love it. 20 rounds and I'm done!! That is a Savage .308 with no changes except an XLR chassis.
Thanks to all who answered!
I've never used a spotting scope, so it is good to have advice from folks who have.
Been there, done that, said a lot of bad words.
You are going to need a very high end spotting scope to see that smaller of hole at 300. Even then it can be iffy. Best option is camera or steel target. If those aren't an option by the best you can afford but realistically you need to be up in the really good glass and large objective range likely at least the razor in the largest if not even higher end like meopta/swaro/hensoldt.
Thanks to all who replied! I really appreciate the input.
For now I am getting the Vortex Diamondback 20-60x80 scope. B&H photo has it for $459 and it includes the a vortex tripod.
I borrowed a 20-60 scope this past weekend and it did OK, but was a cheaper scope. I'd rather not fork out $1500+ for a great scope since it isn't something I'll be using a lot. I'd rather use the "extra" money for other things - the 97B, ammo, bullets, powder, tires for the truck, etc. I might look into the camera systems later.
Could you please elaborate on both?
Why Leupold, what have you liked about them? What models are you referring to and what about them is better than other scopes that you have tried? Have you compared these to other brands besides Vortex?
"no good experience with vortex optics" - again, please elaborate. Just one of their models or several? What types of optics have you had trouble with - rifle, spotting, binoculars? What were the issues? If possible, were you able to attempt to resolve the issues?


text:
SAS Suspended Most…
SAS Suspended Most Operations
As an effect of the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak, and the measures that authorities have taken, the demand for international air travel is essentially non-existent. Therefore, SAS has made the decision to temporarily halt most of its traffic starting Monday March 16 until there are yet again conditions to conduct commercial aviation.
SAS will within the next few days, as far as it is possible maintain certain traffic in order to enable return flights from different destinations.
"We will be at the disposal of the authorities to on their behalf take home stranded citizens or maintain infrastructure important to society, as far as possible," said in the statement.
SAS is forced to temporary work reductions which comprises up to 10 000 employees, which is equivalent to 90 percent of the total workforce. The reductions will be implemented through all parts of the operation, according to national regulations.
SAS is carrying out these measures for the purpose of return to normal operation as soon as possible.
Tags: SAS virus
American Airlines to Reduce International Capacity by 75%
Qantas and Jetstar Offer Free Flight Cancellations


A750-A960E Toyota-Lexus transmission extension housing bushing from Omega Machine & Tool Inc.
Omega Machine & Tool Inc. is pleased to announce a new extension housing bushing. Sometimes called a tailshaft bushing or slip yoke bushing. This one fits the A750E/A760E/A761E and A960 Toyota trannsmissions.
If you are looking for the complete A750E/A760E/A761E bushing kit, here it is.
The complete A960E transmission bushing kit is available here.


Finally, what is the business communication?
communication involves sharing of ideas in common.
Two business colleagues shaking hands and communicating during a meeting.
Transfer of information takes place through the process of communication in order to get the desired result from the receiver. Communication is a two-way channel for transmitting idea plan report suggestion etc.
which directly influence the attitude toward the business objective. The goal of communicators is to convey the message or idea meaningfully without any distortion.
The success of any leader of any business organization depends on the adequacy of the communication.
It is the duty of the managers and the higher authority to maintain the communication channel in a good manner so as to convey the message, policy, thinking to their subordinate and can get their feedback and account of their problem.
Business communication is the communication where the activities are related to the business purpose such as providing good and services to the customer and on return earning a profit.
Thus, the Communication related to management purpose, legal purpose, administration, etc. of a business organization can be covered under 'Business Communication'.
The success of any business organization directly depends on the good communication. Effective communication always removes the hindrance while achieving the business target. Ineffective communication will always lead any business toward the loss in revenue, time, energy, profit and many more aspects.
As in this era of competition success of any big or small organization depends on the effect of information on the customer delivered by them.
Usually through an effective communication customer knows about our company and the product or the services we are providing to them which is an important part of business communication.
Subject matter that is transmitted by the sender also known the body/content in a message.
This might be feeling, order, idea, suggestion etc.
The person he/she intend to deliver the message while making a meaning full understanding of it.
The person he/she receives the message through sender and understands the message.
Information is transmitted through various media channel such as T.V, radio, e-mail, etc.
these channels are selected by the sender keeping the message in mind.
Action and signs used by the sender while communicating with the receiver.
it is the message that is delivered back by the receiver to the sender after understanding the message that was delivered to him.
Factors that differ in business communication and the normal communication.
Effective business communication has the practical aspect involved within it such as how, why, and when also involve queries.it totally avoids imaginary unnecessary information which saves our time and energy and holds high importance to the receiver.
time and location, which makes it easily understandable.
The message should be clear and brief in nature, by avoiding unnecessary data and information.
should have some figures in it.
Business communication should be persuasive in nature which should motivate an employee to perform its duty in a well-organized manner.
The communication process where the management conveys the information in a very adequate manner it could be order, information or policy. it also involves the feedback part or any suggestion from the subordinate.
as our profit and the revenue totally depends on the communication. So, communication is a part and parcel of the management function.
Communication is always a two-way process. which involve the sender and the receiver. the one who delivers a message and one who receives it now we can say the communication is done but it is not said to be the two-way communication process.
In two way communication process we also receive the feedback of the receiver. so a man should not always intend to spear rather should also listen to another person than only an effective communication process can take place.
The process of communication generates the mutual understanding between the employes. which helps them in the better understanding of each other.
eventually, they start working in the more effective manner toward the growth of the business.
As the communication involve a wide range in the subject matter regarding all the department in business such as sale, marketing, hr, finance, production and it also moves in every direction saying side by side, upward to downward, and vice vera so the communication should always be pervasive in nature.
Any organization cannot hold longer without a proper communication plays a vital role in business operation so it should always be in a contentious process break down in any communication will always result in the loss to the company.
Business communication should always be specific in nature it should always avoid the unnecessary information or any such information that is not be delivered yet. the information should be crisp and clear to every on the sender and the receiver.
Business communication always plays both roles internal as well as external role . in internal role the communication is done within the company among the employee and the staff member which allows them to perfume their duties in a well-organized manner on the other hand external role means communication with the dealers and the customer directly which decides the profit and loss to the company .
A communication can never be completed by without feedback . as it plays a vital role in communication, only by the proper feedback we can know the actual impact of our message and also allows us to know was the message clear and understandable to the receiver exactly same as we intend to deliver it.
You make it entertaining and you still care for to stay it smart. I can't wait to read much more from you.
No doubt this is very simple way to understand about business comm. and it's aspects. And also very helpful for everyone.
Previous Previous post: WHAT IS MARKETING MIX AND ELEMENTS OF MARKETING MIX.


adidas Originals Womens Falcon Trainers in Hi Res Yellow. Specially built for all-day wearing pleasure, this 1990's-inspired streetwear runner reflects that decade's cultural art, music and fashion. Wide fitting with stabilising Torsion system.


The West Africa Property Investment (WAPI) (www.WAPISummit.com) is the region's largest and most premier real estate event. It connects the most influential local and international Africa property stakeholders, driving investment and development into a wide range of real estate and infrastructure projects and developments across the region.
API Events delivers Africa's most renowned events in real estate investment and development. Our events across the continent have become the ultimate meeting places for Africa's property market to learn, network and most importantly to do deals. The company also hosts the API Awards – these prestigious awards provide a platform for distinguished developers, suppliers and owners in the African real estate industry, to showcase their best projects and services.


As a subconsultant to Silvester Tafuro Design Inc., Burns & McDonnell provided mechanical and electrical services for Delta Air Lines' master plan at LaGuardia.
Burns & McDonnell provided architectural and engineering design for several renovations at the Delta main terminal at LaGuardia. These projects included a detailed energy use study, which preceded a complete HVAC controls replacement project and a central plant heating and cooling upgrades project which saved the terminal approximately $425,000 annually.
In order to determine if the electrical distribution equipment was adequately sized to handle the future concessions and HVAC loads, a load study and metering effort was performed for the Delta terminal. People and equipment loads for the future concessions were analyzed based on the information from the LaGuardia Airport Tenant Handbook published by PB Aviation Inc.
This project involved the installation of two 500-ton electric centrifugal chillers to replace two direct gas-fired absorption units. Electrical design support included new feeders for boilers, cooling towers and pumps. Controls were also installed on the project.
This project provided a complete retrofit of the HVAC controls for the air handling system and central heating and cooling plant in the facility. This included the installation of an energy management system and a direct digital control system which included an access computer with graphical interface that allowed the monitoring and controlling of all points in the control system from an off-site location. This project also involved the testing and replacement of the majority of the fire alarm and life safety components in the facility.
This project included adding air curtain heaters to the jet bridges and the addition of infrared heaters to the outbound baggage areas.


text:
Book > Academic Books > South Asia Studies
Microfinance India
State of the Sector Report 2009
N Srinivasan - Independent researcher, journalist and consultant, New Delhi
Development Economics | Macroeconomics | South Asia Studies
October 2009 | 176 pages | SAGE India
Microfinance India: State of the Sector Report 2009 is a part of a series of annual reports on the microfinance sector in India which seeks to document developments, clarify issues, publicize studies, stimulate research, identify policy choices, generate understanding, and enhance support for the sector. It highlights recent developments under each of the two main models of microfinance in India – the SHG and MFI models. The book highlights recent developments in Self Help Groups (SHGs) and SHG Bank Linkage Programme (SBLPs), and focuses on microfinance with regard to the investment scenario in India.
It contains extensive original material, and yet draws widely on the findings of other recent studies and reports, thereby emerging as a complete, detailed analysis of the status and the future of the microfinance sector in India. It will be of interest to various players in the sector including practitioners, bankers, insurance companies, venture capitalists, regulators, donors and academics.
Overview-signs and pains of maturity
SHG-bank linkage programme-continuing with consolidation
Microfinance institutions-coming of age
The tough classrooms in Karnataka-lessons on customer protection and competition
Policy environment of microfinance-need for change
Human resources and capacity building
Micro-insurance in a macro market
Technology in microfinance and inclusion
Future agenda-dealing with challenges of growth
N. Srinivasan
N Srinivasan has been involved with the Development Finance and Rural Development sectors for three decades. He has been associated with several policy and strategy initiatives during his tenure with the RBI and NABARD, of which he was Chief General Manager for seven years. He has also authored the Microfinance India: State of the Sector Report 2008 and 2009 brought out by ACCESS Development Services and published by SAGE Publications. He is presently a leading consultant engaged with the World Bank, CGAP, IFAD, ADB, UNDP, UNOPS, GTZ, Microsave and the Government of India. As an advisor, he is on the boards of institutions in the... More About Author


What is 1646153 Ontario? Many internet users thought that this Toronto-based company provided domain registering, as well as search engine optimisation services. And why would they think this? Because 1646153 Ontario told them this was so, and even sent them invoices for service rendered.
Many, believing that their internet service may be interrupted if they did not pay, came up with the cash. Recently, a federal court judge in the United States found that the defendants were liable for misrepresenting their services.
US District Judge Robert M. Dow, Jr., of Illinois, issued his decision that the company, as well as four of its employees, had extorted money from consumers by misleading them and misrepresenting their services. 1646153 Ontario sent consumers unsolicited mail which implied an existing business relationship. They claimed to have performed a number of services, including SEO. These letters indicated that if the consumer did not pay for these services, they would lose their domain names. By 2008, when the FTC brought charges against the Canadian company, they had managed to bilk consumers of almost $4.3 million, or over £2.7 million.
Judge Dow's order bars the company from claiming that they provide SEO and/or domain name registration, that they have existing relationships with consumers, that the consumers owe them money for these services. While Judge Dow found the company responsible for the entire sum, the defendants were unable to pay. The settlement figure is, instead, only $10,000.
The company falsely claimed to be able to drive "massive" amounts of traffic to these sites; not surprisingly, they did not see results. Reputable SEO, on the other hand, is undertaken with a site owner's consent and cooperation.


text:
AUGUST 15 (2004). INDIA WILL "CELEBRATE" HER WORST EVER DEFEAT AND SURRENDER
....... BESTIAL PARTITION OF BLEEDING HINDUSTAN (1947)
(Useless and timid Sikh leaders never told their ignorant following the truth about 1947. The "Panth" was, therefore, ASKING for the massacre and destruction during Operation "Blue Star" in 1984.)
The little child from another world*** saw the sub continent ablaze with fireworks, hilarious with parties, wild singing and dancing, families & friends eating "laddoo, julaibi & burfi" and congratulating one another.
"Mum what are they celebrating?"
"Son, you look down there. There is a line between Lahore and Amritsar that is the ideological divide between fire and water, between Islam and Secularism.
"When you were just three weeks old, I wanted to cross it, clutching you close to my bosom.
"On one side they are celebrating the birth of Pakistan and on the other side they are celebrating their own defeat and surrender.
"Mum, don't they, I mean the Hindus and Sikhs, have brains?"
"No son, BANDIT Jawaharlal Nehru, their autocratic imperialist ruler, who was to found his own ruling, fooling and plundering (Hindu bashing and Sikh killing) Dynasty, collected all their brains and put them in a freezer (deep freeze).
"After more than HALF A CENTURY a slight thaw is beginning. Someone has asked his fellow Indian, "Why don't' we recall the vast territory SURRENDERED and the two million KILLED and the thousands of our daughters and sisters ABDUCTED?"
"Son, that is the sign of thaw."
............--------------------------------------
*** the little child was, in fact, a tiny baby then, who was in its mother's arms. She was walking with the survivors of her Hindu family from Lyallpur to Ferozepur in the now ENEMY territory of West Punjab in a 10-kilometer long foot convoy.
Along the way he witnessed the old and the sick, including several pregnant females dying of fatigue, exhaustion, starvation and terror due to frequent attacks by Muslim gangsters and girl snatchers who yelled "Allah hu Akbar" for each grab and kill they scored.
The Hindu/Sikh refugees could snatch only a few hours' sleep at night, lying on rough earth while keeping an eye on the boxes and bundles that were all their worldly possessions. One could hear the cries of the ill and the thirsty, the groans of those with bleeding feet covered in blisters, and the wailing of widows and orphans.
To our leaders and rulers, tens of millions of these wretched Hindus and Sikhs, fleeing their hearths & homes, meant nothing, ABSOLUTELY NOTHING.
The little infant and its mother never made it. On hearing wild cries of "Kill the Kafirs!" the family ran out for safety. They joined the others and had to wade a river to get to safety on the other side.
The mother clutching the infant tightly in her arms, slipped, and the fast current carried both of them downstream. They were never seen again. Now their abode is up in heaven.
Crossing the agonising pain of death, they saw the radiant glow of heaven.
..............A COMMENT ON THAT TREACHEROUS PARTITION OF 1947.
(India was divided between the Muslims and the Hindus, SACRIFICING THE SIKHS.)
COMMENT by a patriot: I think the truth of partition on 14.8.1947 and what followed is not very well known to people of India and it is a huge task but the loot, plunder, rape, gang rapes of women and girls of minority communities must be told and retold in all the languages of India so that it reaches the common man.
According to a B.B.C. documentary shown in 1984 over two million Hindus, Sikhs and Muslims were killed during partition of India and many millions were made homeless refugees and lost their belongings but "bastard" Nehru, the "Mahatma", their All-India Congress Party and the All-India Muslim League with their Maulana Abul Kalam AZAD, Hassain Shahid Suhrawardi and Liaqat Ali Khan, etc., were all engaged in scheming to destroy the Unity of Nation.
Hussain Shahid Suhrawardi, then C.M. of West Bengal, incited bloody riots in NOAKHALI District of Bengal in August 1946.
Hindu and Sikh girls and women were paraded naked in several towns and cities of Pakistan and many were molested and raped in the open while Gandhi and Nehru were chanting the slogan of "Hindu-Muslim Bhai Bhai!" They had no shame.
On independence day when refugees were streaming into Delhi, Bandit Nehru was kissing the foot of Lady Edwina Mountbatten and her daughter at Red Fort, Delhi, at midnight on August 14/15,1947.
India was independent on 15.8.1947 but he made Lord Mountbatten the first Governor General of free India so that he could continue his romance with Lady Mountbatten, a disgrace to his Congress Party and the nation. The time is fast approaching when Nehru's oil painting in India's Parliament in New Delhi will be destroyed and the event celebrated across the nation.
On the first day of independence India's Head was Lord Mountbatten that was a bad start for India. The nation will one day uproot the "Samadhi" of coward Gandhi at Raj Ghat and throw the contents of Nehru's residence at Trimurti Bhawan, New Delhi, in the gutter of history.
...............============================
What's wrong if Nathuram Godes killed MK Gandhi (30 Jan, 1948)?
Nathuram Godse and Nana Apte were among the GREATEST patriots that India has ever produced. But in a land where TREASON is accepted with the ease of breathing things are upside down. PARTITION is called INDEPENDENCE. To the subjugated human sub specie of brainwashed Hindus and Sikh morons, DEFEAT & SURRENDER are VICTORY.
Mohammed Ali Jinnah was born in India to which he swore utmost loyalty like Jawaharlal Nehru and MK Gandhi. But while one attacked his own land of birth, the other two did nothing to stop him.
Nehru and Gandhi, both BARRISTERS at Law from London, could not put forth even ONE argument in favour of Unity of Land, or SECULARISM.
Even an IMBECILE at those negotiations would have confronted JINNAH with some questions like "What ought PARTITIONED INDIA (BROKEN BHARAT) to do to the MUSLIMS who will stay back after the creation of Pakistan?"
"How is it that you lived peacefully under the British but cannot tolerate to live with the non Muslim majority in United India?
What about the Sikhs who are crying, "KHALISTAN BECAUSE THERE IS PAKISTAN."?
What about Srinagar if you surrender Lahore on that criterion?
"If you expect the Hindu minority to feel safe in ISLAMIC Pakistan, why can the Muslim minority not feel safe amidst Hindu majority?" etc. The Sikh voice was either TOO FEEBLE or not heard at all. Baldev Singh, the Sikh "leader" at the time said to Bandit Nehru, "Sir, I am your poodle. You are my master. I will accept what you say and do on behalf of the Sikhs."
When Mr. Jinnah THREATENED civil war, our two barristers (Nehru and Gandhi) could not muster guts to utter the words in the ears of Marathas, Rajputs, Gurkhas, Jats and Sikhs, "RISE, AND GO FOR THEM! OUR LAND AND WAY OF LIFE ARE UNDER ATTACK."
They accepted the BREAK UP (FRAGMENTATION) of India without argument, challenge or FIGHT.
They also had the means and MEDIA to SUPPRESS, and brainwash, the nation at once to beat the drums of "independence" in our ears while our own revered "nishkam sewak" SGPC started beating the drums of "Rehat Maryada", a bit too late and a bit out of tune, I should think.
The new (INFERIOR native) rulers of India declared within weeks, "There are NO refugees in India," though at that time refugee camps were full of grieving widows and crying orphans from West Punjab. Please note that for these official "swine" in charge of Hindustan, including Abdul Kalam and Sonia Khan, there are still NO refugees from SOUTH Kashmir.
Nehru chose the soil of EAST Punjab to hang Patriot Nathuram Godse, not his own State of Maharashtra. It was total disrespect to him. Then he suppressed Godse's statement that he made before the judge. The nation never got to know it. Nehru refused to consider LIFE IMPRISONMENT but insisted on hanging to death.
MK ("Mouse") Gandhi, the apostle of non violence, was a MASS MURDERER, too. How?
Till the last moment before the day of Partition, Hindu and Sikh leaders in the threatened areas across Western India had been sending fervent appeals and requests to him, "Gandhiji, will you accept Partition?" They wanted to pack up and leave SINDH, W. PUNJAB, BALUCHISTAN, NWFP AND EAST BENGAL in case Partition suddenly STRUCK the land like LIGHTENING and DEATH.
But lo and behold! The "Bapu" kept on saying, "Stay where you are. India will be cut upon my dead body."
Even AFTER the axe fell on August 15, 1947, Gandhi never showed guts and courage to declare to his nation, "I HAVE FAILED YOU. I COULD NOT KEEP INDIA UNITED. I HAVE FAILED SECULARISM IN LAHORE. NOW EACH ONE OF YOU IS FOR HIMSELF. FLEE OR STAY AS YOU WISH, AND FACE THE CONSEQUENCES."
TENS OF MILLIONS of Hindus and Sikhs trusted him because they regarded him a holy man, or "mahatma", at par with Guru Tegh Bahadur ji, and then, putting faith in him, fell in the DEATH TRAP of Pakistan that did not have any love lost for Secularism and the non Muslim.
Then the BUTCHERY, abduction, loot, arson and rape started in full earnest. Nehru did not let the full story come out, nor issue any WARNING to his friend JINNAH to stop the carnage or else face consequences. (Let us cast our cowardly eyes at IRAQ right now, to see how the USA are following up on their warning to Saddam Hussein!)
At that moment, and one must VISUALISE the misery of the bereaved, those who had lost their parents, sisters and every possession, wanted to GO FOR THE BAPU'S THROAT who just went silent when the borders broke and BLOOD FLOWED IN RIVERS.
Out of those MILLIONS who wanted to get their hands on the necks of Nehru and Gandhi, ONLY TWO brave sons of India rose, to strike on OUR BEHALF, on behalf of United India, on behalf of Secularism, on behalf of our abducted, abused and degraded females, on behalf of our Lahore, Gujranwala and Sri Nankana Sahib, and on behalf of our DEAD.
To top it all, Gandhi insisted on transferring CRORES of rupees to Pakistan on the day when INVADERS from her soil were rapidly advancing in Kashmir, killing, raping and plundering. Now in North Kashmir not one Hindu or Sikh can be found living alive.
Nehru did not tell the nation the full story of his own HIGH TREASON.
An honourable nation must wait for the day when all the statues of Gandhi are smashed and replaced by those of NATHU RAM GODSE and NANA APTE, as well as of those brave Sikhs who despatched the Evil Witch of Hindustan on October 31, 1984 (Halloween).
The enslaved nation must wait for the day when all the INSTITUTES AND INSTITUTIONS in the names of one Gandhi or another, are closed down or renamed as GURU GOBIND SINGH INSTITUTE, BANDA SINGH BAHADUR INSTITUTE, MAHARAJA RANJIT SINGH INSTITUTE, MATA BHAGO INSTITUTE, BIBI SUNDRI INSTITUTE, SHIVAJI INSTITUTE, and so on.
Nathu Ram and Nana Apte, and those who assassinated the next TWO Gandhis (Indira and Rajiv), are the shining stars in the galaxy of Indian martyrs. Let there be NO doubt about it. Our source of knowledge cannot be the treacherous Congress Party of India who call ONE FRAGMENT (out of three) "INDIA" and that bogus bloody Partition "Independence".
All-India Congress Party had to be outlawed in 1947 for FAILING totally in its task. What did the honourable Germans do to their beloved NAZI Party after their defeat and division in 1945?
For their collapse over that bogus PARTITION and bringing death, misery and suffering to the millions, and division to the country, Congress Party and Germany's NAZI Party are one and the same thing.
...........................000000000
[_private/ftarc.htm]


Ear candling is an ancient form of earwax removal called 'ear coning' practiced more than 3000 years ago. It is used to soothe the ears, relieve pain and itching from infections, and to extract wax as drying fluid builds up in the ear canal.
Ear candling uses disposable hollow candles made from unbleached cotton dipped in paraffin or beeswax. The burning candle creates a gentle flow of warmth and smoke. The smoke flows into the ear, drying the canal, softening earwax, and soothing pain and discomfort.
The procedure is completely non-invasive. As the candle burns, the ash is removed, and the wick is cut. The entire process takes approximately 20 minutes per candle. Ear candling helps with swimmer's ear, ear infections, sinus trouble, hearing impairment due to impacted earwax, and infection in the sinus area.
Choose a blend and add to any massage – muscle soreness, relaxation or detox.


A high productivity at all costs and you'll be fielding a steady flow of emergencies. This type of work exposes you to a wide range of experience. You will be learning on your feet and be taking charge of decisions to best handle all situations.
In the beginning I was hired to run the offices essential needs and accounts payable management. Currently I am mostly doing just the project management and accounts payable. The office is a small environment for a large company. As long as you stay focused and continue to the best you can do here, that's what important.
Ask a question about working or interviewing at Cemrock Concrete & Construction. Our community is ready to answer.


We know times are tough when eight New Jersey cities, famous for their independence, are looking to consolidate services and share resources. In fact, all along the East Coast, cities, towns, and villages that have been independent for hundreds of years are staring down the barrel of the financial crisis and asking if more efficient use of government resources can save them.
Which is a great question – but it's also one that they could have asked years ago, when real estate prices where high, resources were plentiful, and there were no financial crises limiting their options.
That's a head slapping fact for their residents, but it's also a problem that anyone who's worked in organizations is familiar with: they only prepare for the next crisis after it's already hit.
Can we do better? Is there a way that organizations can look at ways to improve themselves before there's a crisis?
It's difficult to be on the lookout for ways to avert the crisis of the future, or at least make good contingency plans, Burgess says, when you're constantly focusing on the present – a condition that most organizations, from big businesses to small non-profits to local governments see as standard practice.
The key, Burgess suggests, is to make worst case scenarios a routine part of long-term planning: don't just plan for what you think is going to happen, create "what if?" scenarios, and figure out how you could get through them. Some of the ideas that emerge might be good enough to implement even if there isn't an emergency – like potentially consolidating services and sharing resources with other communities.


text:
BobHopegettingOsca.jpg
Although he never won an Oscar for any of his movie performances, the comedian Bob Hope received one honorary Oscar for his contributions to cinema.
Oscar_Award.gif
Oscar Award
The Academy Awards, commonly known as The Oscars, are the most prominent film awards in the world. The Awards are granted by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, a professional honorary organization which as of 2003 had a voting membership of 5,816. Actors (with a membership of 1,311) make up the largest voting bloc. The most recent awards were the 77th Academy Awards.
The official name of the Oscar statuette is the "Academy Award of Merit." The Academy Award statuette was allegedly nicknamed Oscar when Academy librarian Margaret Herrick saw it on a table and said, "it looks just like my uncle Oscar!" The nickname stuck and is used almost as commonly as Academy Award, even by the Academy itself. In fact, the Academy's domain name is oscars.org and the official website for the Academy Awards is at oscars.com. The awards were first given at a banquet in the Blossom Room of the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel on May 16, 1929 but there was little suspense since the winners of the awards had already been announced three months earlier on February 18. To qualify, a film had to open in Los Angeles during the twelve months ending on July 31 of the preceding year. The 1934 and later awards have all been based on openings in the previous calendar year. The 1932–33 awards were based on a 17-month qualifying period. The "opened in Los Angeles" clause allowed Charlie Chaplin to win his only voted Oscar for Limelight which was made in 1952, but did not open until 1972. The rules have changed since then so films more than two years old are not eligible.
The awards night itself is an elaborate extravaganza, with the invited guests walking up the red carpet in the creations of the most prominent fashion designers. The ceremony and extravagant afterparties, including the Academy's Governors Ball, are televised around the world.
The members of each branch determine the nominees in their respective category, after which the entire membership votes for the winner in all categories. The ballot itself contains just the title of a work – not the persons involved – for all categories except acting.
Less subjectively, it is clear that movie studios spend large amounts of money on campaigning for their films. Around nomination and voting time, film trade publications are filled with ads headed "for your consideration". Miramax has been the most widely discussed (and arguably successful) studio to use this technique. An award can give a film a huge boost at the box office and make an artist an industry "power player" overnight. In the past few decades, the advent of VHS and DVD have given Academy Awards a new level of importance, as the attachment of a win or even nomination in a prominent category can dramatically increase sales and rentals. The Academy has made a public effort to crack down on these campaigns, but the results have been mixed. Such influence is nothing new: for example, it is widely believed William Randolph Hearst ran a campaign to ensure that Citizen Kane – a film regarded by many as the greatest of all time – did not receive any Academy Award nominations. The film ended up receiving only one trophy despite nominations in nine categories.
Academy Award rules are reviewed annually. Recent rule changes include the following:
For 2003, the category names for the writing awards were simplified. The "Screenplay Based on Material Previously Produced or Published" category was renamed the "Adapted Screenplay" category. The category of "Screenplay Written Directly for the Screen" was renamed "Original Screenplay."
For 2002, a new category, Best Animated Feature, was established.
As of 2001, a film cannot appear on the Internet before its theatrical release and be eligible for an Oscar.
In 2000 (and again in 2003), rules were tightened to restrict Best Picture nominations and awards to producers who actually functioned as producers. Up to three producers are allowed per film. The 1998 Best Picture Oscar went to five producers for Shakespeare in Love.
The "Best Original Score" category has been continually tweaked. In the mid 1990s, it was split into two ("Best Dramatic Score" and "Best Comedy or Musical Score"), then merged back into one. The rules as to how much of the score has to be "original" (as opposed to derived from other scores in the series, as with leitmotifs, for example in the Star Wars or Lord of the Rings films) has also been changed many times.
The greatest number of Academy Awards won by a film is 11, this distinction is shared by 3 films: Ben-Hur, Titanic, and The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King.
The "Academy Award of Merit" is given in many categories, including the following:
Best Picture – 1928 to present
Best Actor – 1928 to present
Best Actress – 1928 to present
Best Supporting Actor – 1936 to present
Best Supporting Actress – 1936 to present
Best Animated Feature – 2001 to present
Best Art Direction – 1928 to present (also called Interior or Set Decoration)
Best Assistant Director – 1933 to 1937
Best Cinematography – 1928 to present
Best Special Effects
Comedy Direction – 1928 only
Costume Design – 1948 to present
Best Dance Direction – 1935 to 1937
Directing – 1928 to present
Documentary Short Subject
Engineering Effects – 1928 only
Film Editing – 1935 to present
Best Foreign Language Film – 1947 to present
Original Music Score
Animated Short Film – 1931 to present
Live Action Short Film
Best Short Film - Color – 1936 and 1937
Best Short Film - Live Action - 2 Reels – 1936 to 1956
Short Film - Novelty – 1932 to 1935
Sound Effects Editing – 1963 to present
Best Story – 1928 to 1956
Best Title Writing – 1928 only
Unique and Artistic Production – 1928 only
Writing Adapted Screenplay – 1928 to present
Writing Original Screenplay – 1940 to present
Academy Award, Scientific or Technical – 1931 to present at three levels
Special Awards, which are voted on by special committees, rather than by the Academy membership as a whole, include:
Academy Juvenile Award – 1934 to 1960
Academy Honorary Award – 1928 to present
Academy Special Achievement Award
The Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award – 1938 to present
The Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award
Gordon E. Sawyer Award
List of Academy Awards ceremonies
List of movies that have won eight or more Academy Awards
List of people who have won an Emmy, a Grammy, an Oscar and a Tony Award
Films that have been considered the greatest ever
Official site (http://www.oscars.com/) of the Academy Awards
Official site (http://www.oscars.org/) of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
Cinemovie.Info (http://www.cinemovie.info/Febbraio05_Notiziario.html) Winners of the 77th Academy Awards Oscar Ceremony
Annual backstage coverage (http://www.digitalhit.com/academy/) of the Academy Awardsbs:Oskar
bg:Оскар ca:Premi Òscar cs:Oscar da:Oscar-uddeling de:Oscar es:Premios Oscar eo:Oskar-premio fr:Oscar du cinéma ko:아카데미상 hr:Oscar he:פרס האוסקר id:Oscar it:Premio Oscar nl:Academy Award ja:アカデミー賞 pl:Nagroda Akademii Filmowej fi:Oscar-palkinto sv:Oscar (filmpris) zh:奥斯卡金像奖
Retrieved from "https://ns50.academickids.com:443/encyclopedia/index.php/Academy_Award"
Categories: Movie awards | Academy Awards


Small Victory is one of my favourite spots to grab a coffee, lunch or a beautiful baked good. From the moment you walk in the door, you're surrounded by amazing aromas. It really doesn'tmatter what you order, everything is made with careful attention to detail. And I love to bring a friend to Small Victory just to see the pure delight in their eyes when they taste the delectable French pastries. From a perfect latte to the sweet and flaky butter croissants, I haven't found anything quite like it in Yaletown. I hope you'll stop in, and then let me know if it's your new favourite too.
I've yet to experience it myself, however I am hearing fabulous reviews about Kissa Tanto. I'm anticipating that it will be a real gem, considering it is the Japanese-inspired sister restaurant to the Bao Bei Chinese Bistro – one of my all-time favourites in the city. I'm excited to try it. Let me know if you have been, I'd love to get the insider scoop on the best dishes. With descriptions like tomato wakame granita and miso besciamella, I am looking at their online menu and having a hard time imagining paring my order down to a few dishes. Perhaps, it will demand a few visits– you know, to get the full experience.


text:
Home » Headlines » Science » Study shows why cockroaches are almost impossible to kill
Study shows why cockroaches are almost impossible to kill
By Stephanie La Rosa / Friday, 23 Mar 2018 04:23PM
A study published in the journal Nature Communications, called 'The genomic and functional landscapes of developmental plasticity in the American cockroach," found that cockroaches have a unique set of genes that gives them the capacity to thrive almost anywhere.
The several types of cockroaches used by the team from the South China Normal University had their essential building blocks drilled down. After the animal's DNA was sequenced, the researchers observed that the American cockroaches, Periplaneta americana, have the second most significant known genome sequence of all insects.
These American cockroaches were found to be more genetically alike to some termite species than to other cockroach species.
Among other types, the DNA of the Australian cockroaches and smoky-brown cockroaches were sequenced as well. The team proceeded to compare them with already existing genetic informati0n from German cockroaches and termites.
The American Cockroach
Also called the ship cockroach, kakerlac, or waterbug, this species of insect is often considered a pest. Its origin dates back to the Carboniferous period, about 300 million years ago. It is mostly considered by the science community that its emerge occurred on the Pangea, or maybe in Gondwana. As it is a highly adaptative animal, it overcame the changes on Earth in those years, making it able to survive the massive extinction that other species did suffer.
The cockroaches' DNA is vital to understand their complexity. Image credit: AP
Nevertheless, like many other species, the cockroach had to evolve to survive over the years, meaning its organism is a thoroughly modern developed one. This happened during the Quaternary period.
The cockroach is divided into three sections. The first part, the body, is a flat, broad oval, with a shield-shaped pronotum that covers its head. The second one is the pronotum, a plate-like structure which includes all or part of the dorsal surface of the thorax. The third and last section is the abdomen.
Besides a chewing mouth, long, segmented antennae, and leathery forewings with delicate hind wings, it also has a pair of large compound eyes, and each of them has over 2000 individual lenses. Compound eyes have reduced image resolution. However, the view angle is substantial, and they allow to have the capability to detect swift movement and the polarization of light.
The American cockroach is one of the fastest running insects. An experiment studied the record speed of one cockroach, and it reached 5.4 km/h (3.4 mph) – which translates into 50 body lengths per second. This was then estimated on human speed, which would represent a human being running at 330 km/h (201 mph).
Dissecting the cockroaches
The team found that the cockroaches had nearly as twice as many olfactory receptors (OR) as other insect species, making them have an incredible sense of smell. This, according to the study, represents a more accessible detection of traces of food, especially fermenting foods, which are the ones preferred by the Periplaneta americana.
The beginning of the American cockroach is dated to Pangea. Image credit: AP
The researchers explained that the examination showed that the American cockroach had over 500 gustatory receptors, which gives them the ability to withstand a more diverse diet, eventually helping the species to adapt.
The cockroaches adapted quickly as well when living in urban environments, considering the team found that the insects had several genes that allow them to face toxic environments. They also described how these cockroaches had more enzymes, making them capable of breaking down toxins and helping their immune stronger. In the research, the team explained:
"Our genomic and functional analyses in the American cockroach provided insights into its success in the adaptation to urban environments and the biology of developmental plasticity in cockroaches. Our study may shed light on both controlling and making use of this insect."
The final characteristic the team was able to found in the cockroach's DNA was the genes that are responsible for re-growing broken limbs. The researchers amputated, systematically, the insects' limbs and observed they were, in most cases, able to regrow. However, it also depended on the severity of the injury.
The researchers need further study to understand the animal. Image credit: Getty
This inspiring and hope-giving trait delighted the science community, as the found-DNA immediately started a process of healing and tissue regrowth – which later led the scientists to open a new path to further research, which will be studying how the cockroaches generate new tissue.
The team expects to discover the full potential of the healing properties of the cockroaches' DNA, especially the "growth factor." In the traditional Chinese medicine, these insects are ground up and use for several kinds of treatments because of this overwhelming regenerative power.
"We've uncovered the secret of why people call it 'xiao qiang'. Now we want to know the secrets of Chinese medicine," claimed the led author of the study, Sheng Li.
Source: Nature
Bomber at Austin left a confession video on phone
Chrissy Metz opens up about abusive stepfather


Magic Johnson's short-lived run as Lakers president was a mess.
For someone who once saw passing lanes the rest of us never knew existed, Magic had a terrible eye for talent.
He traded D'Angelo Russell for Brook Lopez and the 27th pick, before letting Lopez walk the following year.
He let Julius Randle go and traded Lou Williams for Corey Booker and a late first-rounder.
There was also the Ivica Zubac for Mike Muscala deal, for which there will never be enough Jackie Chan WTF memes.
By landing LeBron James while screwing everything else up, Magic hit one of the greatest home runs of recent history while missing on every other swing he took.
And sure, Rob Pelinka was the actual GM through it all. But those two were a team, and Magic had the final say.
Then there was the managerial side of things. Johnson helped create a situation where almost every coach and young player working under him thought their marching orders were imminent. The team was emotionally cooked as a result.
Meanwhile, Johnson's demeanour behind the scenes reportedly lay in stark contrast with his charismatic public persona. He's been depicted as a demanding figure who admonished his staff, including head coach Luke Walton.
And despite demanding everyone around him did whatever it took to deliver immediate results, Magic never fully committed to the job himself. That's according to Woj, who today reported Johnson put in limited hours, did very little scouting and was often away from the team.
Worse still, he pulled the pin just two years after taking over and told the media before he told Jeanie Buss, who fired her own brother to make space for Magic.
We shouldn't be surprised by any of this. Johnson had no relevant experience whatsoever. It was almost as if the Lakers actually believed the sheer star power of a big-name saviour could single-handedly fix their broken front office (now where have I seen that before?).
Magic was never going to fix things.
And any time the guy making your team's most important decisions does things like resigning in impromptu fashion without telling his own boss, you're probably not in a great place.


Such have been the vagaries of the weather lately that it was only this week that I got round to fishing a pair of proper winter tights out of the old Lycra mine. After less than half an hour of rummaging, I came across just what I was looking for.
Black, naturally, with zips on the ankles, a nice high bib, just the right thickness of fleecy-backed fabric, nothing cow-related adhering to them from last winter, and a pad with a pleasing lack of crispiness that suggested they might even have been washed at some point since 2011. Perfect. I pulled them on, and I sallied forth.
As soon as my arse hit the saddle, I remembered. I do this every year. "I'll get some tights," I say, and I pick out this pair because they look so nice. And the instant I sat down, I recalled the reason why I once christened them my 'crabs' tights.
Not because of anything along the lines of the incident at a cycle jumble sale a couple of years back when my friend Bernard bought a pair of tights that had seen just a bit too much of the world; but rather because instead of providing the caress that was promised by the tag that came with the garment, two of the very hi-tech-looking ridges on the chamois pad seized my perineum with a grip reminiscent of half a dozen little crustaceans hanging on with their claws.
I can remember every little foible of every bike I have ever owned. For instance, my winter bike has a cassette that, for some perverted reason, goes straight from the 14t sprocket to the 16t, meaning it's a little difficult to find a comfortable gear on a flat road on a calm day. And my spare winter bike (shut up at the back) has overly rigid carbon handlebars (again, shut up) that make my wrists hurt slightly on rides over four hours. Every detail of every bike is in there.
But can I manage to remember from one year to the next that to wear this particular pair of tights is to all intents and purposes to affix a bulldog clip to a place where no bulldog clip should ever be affixed? No, I cannot.
Even when I'd had my memory refreshed, did I go home and exchange them for something else? Of course not. If any aspect of my bike had been that much of a failure I'd have turned round, gone home, and sorted it out — slightly dubiously attached bar tape would have been something I wouldn't have put up with for an instant. But the discovery that I had clad my loins in the tights of Satan? "Ah well, I'm sure I'll get used to it," I thought, and continued on my way.
Something else I'd forgotten was that the tights had a seam just behind the knees. The garment tag that had promised my rear end the time of its life had gone on to describe it as an 'anatomical' seam. It was clearly inspired by the work of the kind of 18th century 'anatomists', who dug bodies out of graveyards and cut them up with rusty saws.
With every pedal stroke, the seam cheese-wired its way through a little more of my leg. Normally it was the kind of thing that I'd have found quite annoying. As it was, it provided a useful distraction from what was going on a bit further north.
When I finally got home, hobbling yet unable to actually sit down, I took great pleasure in removing the tights and hurling them aside. But then, upon reflection, I carefully washed them, dried them, and put them away for next year. After all, it would be a shame to waste what was clearly an expensive piece of cycling kit.


text:
Exterior Building Services in Houston, Texas
Building Restoration Services
Building Maintenance Services
Building Cleaning Services
Window Glass Restoration Services
Metal Window Frame Restoration Services
Precast Stone Restoration Services
Aluminum Composite Panel Restoration Services
Waterproofing Restoration Services
Caulking & Sealants Services
Limestone Cleaning & Restoration Services Houston, Texas
Our limestone restoration service technicians can perform limestone restoration services effectively. Since limestone is a relatively soft stone, it is important to use the proper cleaning techniques in order to present a uniform appearance. Limestone restoration requires a very careful mix of pressure and chemical in order to remove discoloration and staining without damaging the material.
After performing limestone restoration procedures, we recommend applying a special protective treatment to the limestone in order to protect it from future staining.
Our varied experience in limestone restoration, cleaning, and maintenance have made us the limestone restoration company of choice for many prestigious properties. Limestone restoration services are delicate and it is important that a qualified limestone restoration contractor is chosen to complete the job. Presto Property Services has the knowledge and experience to provide some of the best limestone restoration services available. For an expert in building restoration services and limestone restoration, visit our building restoration consulting page for more information about gathering the information you need to make sound decisions.
View Our Additional Stone Restoration Maintenance & Cleaning Services in Houston, Texas
View our Additional Pressure Washing and Cleaning Services in Houston, Texas.
View Our Commercial Building Services Houston TX
Glass Sealer Glass Stain Removal
Historic Building Restoration and Preservation
Silicone Elastomeric Coating Services
Urethane Caulking
Aldine, TX
Clear Lake City, TX
Elmgrove, TX
Jersey Village, TX
Long Point, TX
Longpoint, TX
Meadows Place, TX
Pasdena, TX
Rosenburg, TX
Shenandoah, TX
Southside Place, TX
Sunny Side, TX
Woodlands, TX
77001, 77002, 77003, 77004, 77005, 77006, 77007, 77008, 77009, 77010, 77011, 77012, 77013, 77014, 77015, 77016, 77017, 77018, 77019, 77020, 77021, 77022, 77023, 77024, 77025, 77026, 77027, 77028, 77029, 77030, 77031, 77032, 77033, 77034, 77035, 77036, 77037, 77038, 77039, 77040, 77041, 77042, 77043, 77044, 77045, 77046, 77047, 77048, 77049, 77050, 77051, 77052, 77053, 77054, 77055, 77056, 77057, 77058, 77059, 77060, 77061, 77062, 77063, 77064, 77065, 77066, 77067, 77068, 77069, 77070, 77071, 77072, 77073, 77074, 77075, 77076, 77077, 77078, 77079, 77080, 77081, 77082, 77083, 77084, 77085, 77086, 77087, 77088, 77089, 77090, 77091, 77092, 77093, 77094, 77095, 77096, 77097, 77098, 77099, 77201, 77202, 77203, 77204, 77205, 77206, 77207, 77208, 77209, 77210, 77212, 77213, 77215, 77216, 77217, 77218, 77219, 77220, 77221, 77222, 77223, 77224, 77225, 77226, 77227, 77228, 77229, 77230, 77231, 77233, 77234, 77235, 77236, 77237, 77238, 77240, 77241, 77242, 77243, 77244, 77245, 77246, 77247, 77248, 77249, 77250, 77251, 77252, 77253, 77254, 77255, 77256, 77257, 77258, 77259, 77260, 77261, 77262, 77263, 77265, 77266, 77267, 77268, 77269, 77270, 77271, 77272, 77273, 77274, 77275, 77276, 77277, 77278, 77279, 77280, 77282, 77284, 77285, 77286, 77287, 77288, 77289, 77290, 77291, 77292, 77293, 77294, 77296, 77297, 77298, 77299, 77520, 77521, 77522, 77523


campbell hausfeld air compressor pump cast iron pump w flywheel campbell hausfeld vt4923 3 hp cast iron air compressor pump buy campbell hausfeld air compressor pump.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump air compressor pump motor assembly kit campbell hausfeld air compressor pump parts campbell hausfeld 5hp air compressor pump.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump 8 gallon oil free air compressor air compressors make it easy to do it like a pro this 8 gallon c campbell hausfeld air compressor pump rebuild kit buy campbell h.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump vertical two stage stationary electric air compressor campbell hausfeld air compressor piston kit campbell hausfeld 5hp air compressor pump.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump cast iron air compressor pump flywheel buy campbell hausfeld air compressor pump campbell hausfeld air compressor pump parts.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump air comssor pump motor kit campbell hausfeld air compressor pump rebuild kit campbell hausfeld vt4923 3 hp cast iron air compressor pump.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump air compressor pump repair parts for the model portable oil bath campbell hausfeld 5hp air compressor pump campbell hausfeld air compressor pumps.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump campbell hausfeld air compressor piston kit campbell hausfeld air compressor pumps.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump air compressor pump parts brand buy campbell hausfeld air compressor pump campbell hausfeld 60 gallon air compressor pump.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump parts campbell hausfeld air compressor pump rebuild kit buy campbell hausfeld air compressor pump.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump air compressor pump campbell hausfeld 5hp air compressor pump buy campbell hausfeld air compressor pump.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump air compressor pump parts campbell hausfeld 5hp air compressor pump campbell hausfeld vt4923 3 hp cast iron air compressor pump.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump air compressor pump rebuild air compressor piston kit campbell hausfeld air compressor pump parts buy campbell hausfeld air compressor pump.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump campbell hausfeld vt4923 3 hp cast iron air compressor pump campbell hausfeld air compressor pumps.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump desiccant dryer buy campbell hausfeld air compressor pump campbell hausfeld air compressor pump parts.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump campbell hausfeld air compressor pump rebuild kit campbell hausfeld air compressor piston kit.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump air compressor pump replacement campbell hausfeld vt4923 3 hp cast iron air compressor pump campbell hausfeld air compressor pumps.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump air compressor pump gasket set 1 of 5 available campbell hausfeld vt4923 3 hp cast iron air compressor pump campbell hausfeld air compressor piston kit.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump air compressor workhorse gallon air air compressor pump rebuild kit campbell hausfeld air compressor pump parts campbell hausfeld air compressor pump rebuild kit.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump 2 stage air compressor pump brand new model campbell hausfeld air compressor pumps campbell hausfeld air compressor piston kit.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump air compressor hp oil lubricated pump model campbell hausfeld air compressor pump rebuild kit campbell hausfeld air compressor pump parts.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump parts click to enlarge buy campbell hausfeld air compressor pump campbell hausfeld vt4923 3 hp cast iron air compressor pump.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump 2 cylinder compressor pump and electric motor campbell hausfeld air compressor piston kit campbell hausfeld air compressor pump rebuild kit.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump compressor pump campbell hausfeld air compressor pump rebuild kit campbell hausfeld air compressor pumps.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump complete rebuild kit for air compressor pump with 2 compressor source campbell hausfeld air compressor pump parts campbell hausfeld 5hp air compressor pump.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump air compressor 8 gallon horizontal campbell hausfeld 60 gallon air compressor pump campbell hausfeld air compressor pump rebuild kit.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump air compressor pump air filter housing by buy campbell hausfeld air compressor pump campbell hausfeld air compressor piston kit.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump commercial 5 2 stage air compressor model brand new campbell hausfeld air compressor pump rebuild kit campbell hausfeld air compressor piston kit.
campbell hausfeld air compressor pump compressor on is for sale 2 cylinder air compressor pump cast campbell hausfeld 60 gallon air compressor pump buy campbell hausfeld air compressor pump.


How to become a travel blogger?
September 7, 2017Comments are closed.
We love to travel, I've lived in the Caribbean and the Mediterranean. Matthew and I met in the Virgin Islands while we were both having a wild adventure. We've climbed mountains, swam with sea lions, and sailed in regattas. We moved to Hilton Head Island for our daughter Piper to go to real school. Our roots are growing, but our travel itch is still there. So the next step for me logically is to learn to travel blog. It's exponentially more difficult because we have a middle school schedule, soccer games, and two toddlers in tow but it's not impossible. Recently we've done our first real travel blog for Go RVing and it was so much fun. I'm hooked. We have a couple more trips in the near future planned.
We are going for it, winging it mostly but we did do a few essential steps that you MUST do to become a travel blogger – three to be exact!
PASSPORTS! Get those travel documents in order. We were recently up for a campaign in Costa Rica (dream campaign) and couldn't move forward because the babies did not have passports. My heart broke, it's better now but for a few days I was super bummed. Travel Bloggers need to be Boy Scout ready. You can be offered a trip that leaves in two weeks, seriously. Passports are so easy too. Most local United States Post Offices also process passports. So get those birth certificates and tiny awful drugstore photos ready, and head to your nearest Post Office. Bonus points if you stop by the state department website and print out the forms first! September is Passport Awareness Month and there are passport pop ups happening all over the country.
Blog about your home town. This is so simple. You don't need a budget or even much extra work. Dig through your hard drive and post on fun things that happen in your home town. I did Hilton Head Island here. It was a fun simple post on 15 things to do in my home town. It gets so many web clicks a day from people visiting my island. It also serves as a great example of the type of travel post I want to do – Fun Family Friendly Travel Blogging!
This is my best tip and one I just learned about. Search any nearby town to you and plan a weekend trip! Then locate the travel website or visitors guide for that town. Look for the Media Page for that town and request a Media Visit. They will help you with VIP tourist destination tickets, complimentary accommodations, discounted meals and more. For example, my favorite weekend trip is Charleston, and they have a media page where you fill out all of your information and they email you back right away with help! It's really the best insider tip I have for you to become a travel blogger. Start with fun weekend trips and build your travel following. Soon you will have bigger destinations offering you wonderful vacations for posts.
Full disclosure: I'm just starting the transition from mom blogger to travel mom blogger, but I thought these tips may help some of you wondering how to travel blog!


text:
Wednesday 7 January 2009
Give Your Salary To Gaza
A student website in Iran reports that state employees have been asked to give a portion of their salaries to the Palestinian people.
Shi'a, Sunnis See Common Cause
Shi'ite Muslims turned out to mark one of their holiest days, Ashura, amid signs that the political divide has narrowed between Islam's main branches. Events in Gaza and Shi'a-led Iran could be at the heart of the change.
'Death To Palestine, Wait, I Mean Israel'
This video doing the rounds is from an unnamed city in Iran on Quds Day, where the government organizes anti-Israeli demonstrations. (Ayatollah Khomeini designated the last Friday of the month of Ramadan as Quds Day.)
Fellow Nobel Winner Urges 'Serious' Protection Of Ebadi
Iran says that there was no need for any international concern over Shirin Ebadi's safety and that the government will protect her, as it protects each and every Iranian citizen. This followed widespread international concern over Ebadi's safety following several incidents -- including the closure of her center in Tehran and accusations by hard-liners that she has an Israeli bias regarding the Gaza crisis. Fellow Nobel Peace Prize laureate Jody Williams, who along with Ebadi and several other Nobel Peace laureates established the Nobel Women's Initiative, tells RFE/RL's Golnaz Esfandiari that she remains concerned about the safety of her Iranian colleague.
Closure Of Nobel Winner's Office A Legal Issue, Iran Says
Iran has said the closing of the office of Nobel Peace Prize winner Shirin Ebadi was a legal matter and the authorities would provide security for her if she needed it.
Iran Tells Egypt It Is Ready To Help Gaza Wounded
Iran has told Egypt it is ready to treat people wounded in the Israeli assault on Gaza and is seeking permission to set up a field hospital nearby, the Iranian Foreign Ministry has said.
'Treacherous' U.S. Breaks Pacts, Iran Tells Iraq
Iran has warned Iraq that an "intensely treacherous" United States habitually breaks pacts like the one it recently concluded on American troops quitting Iraq by 2011.
Israel Presses Gaza Assault, As France Seeks Truce
At least three children were among a dozen Palestinian civilians killed on January 5 as Israeli troops pressed home a ground assault on Hamas militants in the face of French-led diplomatic efforts to broker a cease-fire.
Cut Oil Sales To Israel Backers, Iranian Official Says
An Iranian military commander has called on Islamic countries to cut oil exports to Israel's supporters in response to the Jewish state's offensive in Gaza, the official IRNA news agency reported.
U.S. Condemns Harassment Of Iranian Nobel Laureate
The United States has criticized the harassment in Iran of Nobel laureate Shirin Ebadi and said such actions were part of an "increasingly hostile campaign" that targeted activists.
Hopes Rise Amid Signs Of New Stability
After five years of fighting and with Iraqi authority now at unprecedented levels since the launch of the U.S.-led invasion to oust Saddam Hussein, the level of violence appears to have finally eased to the point that citizens can again plan for the future.
Protesters Accuse Iran Nobel Laureate Of Israeli Bias
Some 150 protesters stood outside the home and office of Iranian Nobel Peace Prize laureate Shirin Ebadi on January 1, accusing her of sympathy for Israel, the Islamic state's foe, a member of her human rights group said.


What made you choose to participate in HIV research?
The interviewer knows there are many areas of research. This question is an opportunity for him to get to know you. For instance, if you know someone who has HIV and want to help find the cure, share that. There is no right or wrong answer to this question.
"For me, HIV research is a personal challenge. I used to work with pediatric patients and one of the most difficult things for me was seeing babies who were born to HIV+ mothers. When I realized how many people are affected, I wanted to become part of the effort to find a cure."
"I spent some time working in an HIV clinic. Although the care we provided was great, I wanted to do something that made me feel like I was contributing to finding a cure. I love the feeling of finding something new that gets us closer to a cure."
Do you have an understanding of 'HIV reservoir'?
When it was first shown that triple combinations of antiretroviral (ART) drugs could suppress HIV replication, there were hopes that long-term ART would eventually lead to the clearance of all HIV-infected cells from the body. However, scientists discovered that HIV persists in an inactive, latent form in certain immune system cells. They discovered that some of these cells can become active when ART is interrupted. The latent HIV that persists despite ART is described as the HIV reservoir, and it is considered the major barrier to achieving a cure. Researchers seeking to find a cure for HIV are vigorously trying to discover the cause of these latent cells becoming active after such a long time of inactivity. Share any knowledge you have regarding HIV reservoir.
"I followed a case study of a patient who had been diagnosed with HIV. He participated in ART therapy faithfully for a few years and the progression of HIV appeared to slow. However, he experienced some emotional issues and stopped the ART therapy. He unfortunately experienced a rapid decline as the latent memory CD4 T cells became active again."
"When I first began to study HIV therapy, the researcher I worked with was doing a study on latent memory CD4 T cells. I was able to follow his research and study the comparisons of patients who participated in aggressive ART therapy and those who stopped the therapy and experienced the effects of those cells becoming active again."
What do you feel is one of the most challenging obstacles to HIV research?
There are many challenges involved with HIV research. The interviewer is asking your opinion. So, don't feel like you have to give an elaborate, 'medically correct' answer. What are your thoughts?
"I think one of the most challenging things with regard to HIV research is that, in order to determine that treatment is effective, patients must be followed for long periods of time. It is challenging because once patients begin to feel better, they don't want to have to see physicians all the time."
"One of the things that is very challenging or frustrating to me is when babies born to HIV+ mothers are not given their medications as prescribed. I believe we would be able to track the effects of treatments and prognosis more efficiently if these children were given their medications from birth, as they should, and possibly find a way to stop the progression of the disease."
While the term "functional cure" has been widely used, do you know why many researchers now prefer to say that patients are in remission rather than experiencing a functional cure?
There are rare examples of individuals who have been able to stop ART and maintain undetectable or low levels of HIV viral load for extended periods of time. A term that has been applied to these cases is 'functional cure', intended to mean that HIV is still present in the body but not causing harm. However, in some of these cases HIV viral load has rebounded to high levels after a long period of being undetectable. Share your understanding of why researchers prefer to say that these patients are in remission rather than cured.
"When someone is in remission, it is understood that there is always a chance of a 'rebound' or 'recurrence' of a disease. Some people have stopped ART and been able to maintain undetectable or low levels of HIV viral load. However, because there is always a chance that the viral load may rebound, many researchers feel the term 'remission' is more appropriate."
"One reason researchers prefer to use the term remission is that it is difficult to know for sure whether even very low levels of HIV might eventually damage the immune system and cause illness."
If you could choose a research area other than HIV research, what would your next preference be?
Sharing your interests with the interviewer will give him a chance to offer you opportunities in a different area if an immediate position in HIV research is not available. Also, having broader interests implies to the interviewer that you want to learn. Share your interests and why they are appealing to you.
"I love HIV research, but I also have an interest in chromosomal abnormalities. If I were to choose a second option of study, I believe I would like to focus on something related to these disorders."
"I understand that Company ABC has several areas of research. While HIV research has been my first choice, I am not opposed to 'spreading my wings' and learning to navigate through another area. If I were to have a second choice, I believe I would choose stem cell research. I believe there is so much more to learn about the benefits of stem cell use and would love to have a chance to be a part of that."