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Bengal Engineering and Science University, Shibpur - 13th Annual Convocation
11:30:00 AM BESUS, Convocation No comments
Bengal Engineering and Science University, Shibpur
Howrah-711 103
Annual Convocation
The 13th Annual Convocation of the University will be held at 10.30 hrs. on Wednesday, the 16th February 2011 at the University premises. Recipients of the degrees for the year 2010 willing to receive their degrees/medals/prizes in person may apply in prescribed form, which may be downloaded from www.becs.ac.in or collected from the Office of the Controller of the Examinations.
The form duly filled in has to be submitted by 7th February 2011 along with a D.D for Rs. 500/- drawn in favour of 'Registrar, BESUS' payable at Kolkata.
Degree recipients may further note the dress code for Boys will be White Shirt, Black Trousers with Shoes & for Girls Sky Blue Saree/Salwar Kamiz. Candidate will have to compulsorily participate in a rehearsal on 15th February 2011 at 16.00 hrs, failing which they will not be permitted to attend the Convocation.
For more details, visit: www.becs.ac.in
AUAT 2011 - Aliah University Admission Notice - 2011
11:24:00 AM Aliah University, AUAT, Integrated MBA, M.Sc, MA No comments
21, Haji Md. Mohsin Square, Kolkata-700 016.
Saltlake Office: DN - 47, Sector - V, Salt Lake, Kolkata - 700 091.
Phone: 033 - 2367-1434/35, 2706-2271
Admission Notice for 2011-2012
Aliah University, established by the Govt. of West Bengal through Aliah University Act XXVII of 2007, declared as a minority institution and approved by UGC, announces the following programmes for the academic session 2011-12:
Gr. A: (1) 5-yr. integrated M.Sc. in (a) Computer Sc., (b) Chemistry (with specialization in Medicinal Chemistry), (c) Physics (with specialization in Engineering Physics), (d) Mathematics & Computing, and (e) Statistics & Informatics; (2) 5-yr integrated MCA; (3) 4-yr. B.Tech. /5-yr. dual degree M.Tech. in (a) Computer Sc. & Engg., (b) Electronics & Communication Engg., (c) Electrical Engg., (d) Civil Engg. and (e)Mechanical Engg.
Gr. B: (1) 5-yr. integrated MBA with specialization in Hospital, Retail, and Financial Management.
Gr. C: (1) 5-yr. integrated M.Sc. in (a) Economics and (b) Geography; (2) 5-yr. integrated M.A. in English.
Gr. D: (1) 2-yr. M.A. in (a) English, (b) Bengali & (c) History; (2) 2-yr. M.Sc. in Geography & (3) 2-yr. M.A./M.Sc. in Journalism & Mass Communication(MJMC).
NB: To be selected for admission to Gr. A & B Courses qualifying in the AUAT-2011 is mandatory. The courses MCA, MBA, and MJMC introduced from the academic session 2008-09 in collaboration with Techno India Group will continue to run in collaboration with them during 2011-12 also.
Eligibility: Gr. A & Gr. B: Passed/appearing in the final examination of 10+2 securing at least 50% (5.5 point in a 10-point scale) marks. In addition, candidates for Gr. A courses have to secure at least 50% (5.5 point in a 10-point scale) marks in Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics in aggregate. Gr. C: Passed/appearing in the final Examination of 10+2 securing at least 45% marks in aggregate and 50% marks in the relevant Subject. Gr. D: Honours/ Major degree in relevant subject with at least 45% marks from any UGC recognized University. For item (3), candidates with at least 45% marks in any other Honours/Major subject may also apply. For Physically Disadvantaged (PD) candidates eligibility criteria is relaxed by 5%.
Age limit: Maximum age limit is 22 years for Gr. A, B & C and 25 years for Gr. D Courses as on 01-01-2011.
Application Form & Information Brochure of AUAT-2011 for admission to Gr. A & B Courses can be obtained from the designated Branches of SBI from 20.12.10 to 28.01.11 and from AUAT office from 20.12.10 to 04.02.11 on payment of Rs. 400/- in cash. Separate Application Forms are to be submitted for Gr. A & Gr. B. Last date of receiving completed Application Form for Gr. A & B is 04.02.11. Information regarding admission to Gr. C & D Courses will be notified in due course of time through the Notice Board and Website.
Date of Admission Test: 15.05.2011 (for Groups A & B)
Designated Branches of State Bank of India: Burdwan - Burdwan Branch, Court Compound, Pin-7131010, Ph-03253257235 & Asansol Branch, Pin-713301, Bijaypal sarani, beside Rebindra Bhawan, Ph-0341-2250385. North Dinajpur - Raiganj Branch, near Raiganj Rly. Station, Pin-733134, Ph-03523-242665. Darjeeling - Siliguri Branch, Pin- 734401, Ph-0353-2539241/7476. Coochbihar - Coochbihar Branch, Pin- 736101, Ph-03582-222306. Kolkata - Park Street Branch, 12B Park Street, Pin-700071, Ph-033-22299307/8869 & Wellesley Park Branch, 1, Haji Md. Mohsin Square, Pin-700016, Ph-033-22658914. North 24-Pgs - Basirhat Branch, Pin-743411, Ph-03217-2658085. Nadia - Krishnanagar Branch, 5B, D.L.Roy Road, Pin-741101, Ph-03472-252802. Purulia - Purulia Branch, P.O. - Purbasthali, Pin-723101, Ph-03252-224800/2391. Birbhum - Suri Branch, near Suri Bus Stand, Pin-731101, Ph-03462-255245. Hooghly - Arambagh Branch, Link Road, Pin-712601, Ph-03211-255040. East Midnapur - Panskura Branch, Station Bazar, Panskura, Ph-03228-253204. West Midnapur - Medinipur Town Branch, near Medinipur Main Post Office, Pin-721101 Ph-03222-297535. Murshidabad - Berhampore Branch, near Laldighi, R. N. Tagore Road, Pin-742101, Ph-03482-274429/252565. Malda - Malda Branch, Malda, near Malda Court, Pin-732101, Ph-03512-252961. South 24-Pgs - Baruipur Branch, Pin-743302, Ph-033-24338307/9285. Dakshin Dinajpur - Balurghat Branch, Municipal Complex, Pin-733101, Ph-03522-255660. Bankura – Bankura Main Branch, Machantala, Pin-722101, Ph-03242-243359
For more details, visit: www.aliah.ac.in
MBA Programme 2011-2013, NIT Durgapur
11:13:00 AM MBA, NIT Durgapur 1 comment
National Institute of Technology, Durgapur
West Bengal - India - 713209
Tel: +91 343 2546397 | Fax: +91 343 2547375
Admission Notice 2011 - 12
Notification for Admission in MBA Programme 2011-2013
No. of Seats: 92
Eligibility: Graduate in any discipline with minimum 60% marks both in 10th and 10+2 and minimum 55% marks in graduation
Last date to apply 11th March 2011
For application form and other details, visit: www.nitdgp.ac.in
MA in Environment and Development
11:06:00 AM Jain University, MA No comments
Kolkata-700032
Jadavpur University Offers a Masters Degree Course via online web based distance-learning mode
Course Fees Rs 16,275/- for four semesters (this will include course material) to be submitted in one installment at the time of admission.
Intake: 25 students
Eligibility Honors/Major graduate in any discipline or Technical/ Professional degree (with completed result only) from a recognized Indian University. Preference will be given to persons with relevant work experience of at least two years. Competence in English, computer literacy and access to computer and Internet facilities are required. By taking this course the student can study alongside regular employment to enhance his/her career prospects, develop his/her skills, knowledge and research expertise or upgrade his/her existing commitment to environment and developmental concerns.
Application Application forms (Price Rs 50/-) are available at the University Information counter between 11 am & 4pm from Monday to Friday (except holidays) or from Jadavpur University website www.jaduniv.edu.in
Application deadline: 25th February 2011
For more details, visit: www.jaduniv.edu.in
1-year Career Oriented Certificate Course on Stress Management 2011
11:03:00 AM Certificate Course, Jadavpur University No comments
Centre for Counselling Services and Studies in Self-Development
UGC approved 1-year Career Oriented Certificate Course on Stress Management 2011
Applications are invited for admission to the UGC approved 1-year Career Oriented Certificate Course on Stress Management 2011 to commence from 10th February, 2011 under the Centre for Counselling Services and Studies in Self-Development, Jadavpur University.
Eligibility: Current Undergraduate & Postgraduate students are eligible
Course Fees: Rs. 6,000/-
Last date of submitting application is 21st January, 2011. For application form and detailed information contact Information section of Jadavpur University.
The Last Date of Submitting Applications is Extended to January 31,2011.
P. G. Diploma in Counselling Psychology
10:55:00 AM PG Diploma, University of Calcutta No comments
University of Calcutta
Admission Notice P. G. Diploma in Counselling Psychology
Applications are invited for admission to the P. G. Diploma in Counselling Psychology in the Department of Applied Psychology, C.U. for the Academic session 2010-2011.
Eligibility: Honours Graduates in Psychology /Education / Social Work/ Sociology / Physiology / Human Development / Physical Education /Degree in Medical Science/ Diploma in Rehabilitation Psychology. Final Selection of candidates will be made on the basis of interview.
Sponsored candidates with at least Graduate level of education in any discipline and work experience of at least two years in relevant professional area, can also apply.
The duration of the Course is 1 year including the completion of final exam.
How to Apply : Visit news and announcement section of the university website www.caluniv.ac.in and www.caluniv-ucsta.net. Forms are available on the website. Application fees of Rs.200/- (for general candidates) and Rs.100/- (for SC/ST/PH candidates) may be deposited either by DD in favour of "Calcutta University" payable at Kolkata or by Cash in C.U. challan deposited at Calcutta University cash counter (92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata – 700009). Cash counter remains open on all working days (Monday to Friday) till 2.30 P.M. Please write on the reverse of the D.D. or C.U. Cash Challan Name of the candidate and course applied for.
Last date of submission of application form : 08.02.2011
Date & Time of Interview of Interview : 15.02.2011 from 12 Noon
Venue of Interview : Room No.6, Office of the Secretary
UCSTA, C.U. 92, A.P.C. Road
Kolkata - 700009
For more details, visit: www.caluniv.ac.in
Convocation 2011, The University of Burdwan
10:48:00 AM Convocation, University of Burdwan No comments
The University of Burdwan
Rajbati, Bardhaman - 713 104
Phone : (91)-342-2533913, 2533914, 2533917, 2533918, 2533919
The next Annual Convocation of the University has been scheduled to be held on 11th February, 2011 in the University Auditorium at Golapbag, Burdwan. Students who passed M.Phil./M.B.A/M.L.I.S./M.Ed. examinations in 2009 and M.A./M.Sc./M.Com.(both regular and extwrnal)/M.C.A./M.Tech.in ECE(Microwaves)/LL.M. examinations in 2009 and 2010 are eligible to attend the Convocation.
Students who passed B.A./B.Sc./B.Com. and Under-graduate vocational and professional courses examinations in 2010, B.L.I.S/ LL.B. Examinations in 2009, B.Ed.(Sc.)/ B.P.Ed../Bachelor of Visual Art/ Diploma in Visual Art (Craft & Design) Examinations in 2009 and 2010,B.Ed. and B.E. Examinations 2010,Post Graduate Diploma in Population Education in 2009, Certificate courses in German/French/Russian in 2010, Advance Diploma in French in 2010 will also be conferred degrees/diplomas/certificates at the Convocation. Such students will, however, not be required to attend the Convocation and will collect theirs rolls of the Degrees/Diplomas/Certificates from the concerned colleges/Departments of the University.
Medallists of 2009 and 2010 examinations and for B.A./B.Sc./B.Com & B.E.examinations 2010 and also the Ph.D. Degree awardees up to 31st January, 2011 will be eligible to attend the Convocation.
For more details, visit: www.buruniv.ac.in
B.P.Ed Course 2011-12, University of Kalyani
10:39:00 AM B.P.Ed, University of Kalyani No comments
University of Kalyani
Phone No. 091 033 2582 8690 (O)
FAX: 091 033 2582 8282
email: vckalyani@yahoo.com
vckalyani@klyuniv.ac.in
Joint Admission to the B.P.Ed Course 2011-12
Applications are invited for the B.P.Ed Course 2011-12 at Department of Physical Education
Eligibility: Bachelor's Degree in Physical Education with 50% marks or Bachelor Degree with Physical Education as an Elective Subject with 50% marks or Bachelor Degree with 45% marks and having participated in National or State or Inter University Sports or Games or Athletes
Last date to apply 31st January 2011
For detailed notice, visit: www.klyuniv.ac.in
One-day State-Level Conference on Issues in Global Capital Flows and Development
10:36:00 AM University of Kalyani No comments
One-day State-Level Conference on Issues in Global Capital Flows and Development Department of Economics, University of Kalyani
Dated 4th February 2011 (Friday)
Venue: Acharya Prafulla Chandra Sabhagriha, Administrative Building
Registration: 10.30 – 11.00 am
Inaugural Session: 11.00 – 11.30 am
Inauguration of the conference by Professor Alok Kumar Banerjee, Hon'ble Vice Chancellor, University of Kalyani
Chief Guest: Professor Ashok Sengupta, Dean, Faculty of Arts & Commerce, University of Kalyani
Please confirm your participation to the convener at the number 9433031486 by 31st January 2011. Registration Fee: Rs. 100/-
For more details, visit: www.klyuniv.ac.in
M.Phil, Ph.D, LL.D. Degree Programmes - 2011, The WB National University of Juridical Sciences
10:23:00 AM LL.D, M.Phil, Ph.D, WBNUJS No comments
The WB National University of Juridical Sciences
Dr. Ambedkar Bhavan
12, LB Block, Sector III, Salt Lake City
Tel:(+91)33-2335 0534/ 7379/ 0765/ 2806/ 2809/ 2811/ 2812
Fax:(+91)33-2335 7422/ 0511 GRAM: JURAVARSITY
E-mail: nujs@vsnl.com , nujs@cal3.vsnl.net.in
Admission To M.Phil,/ Ph.D /LL.D. Degree Programmes - 2011
Applications are invited in plain paper for admission to M.Phil (Masters of Philosophy), Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy) and LL.D. (Doctors of Laws) Degree.
The last date for submission of the application is 30th January 2011.
Date of entrance test for enrollment to Ph.D/M.Phil course is scheduled on 2nd March 2011.
Applicants should note:
1. The syllabus of the said entrance examination is Constitution & Constitutional Law and Jurisprudence.
2. The test will of 50 marks and questions will be of subjective type.
For more details, visit: www.nujs.edu
NCIE-2011, West Bengal University of Technology
10:16:00 AM Conference, WBUT No comments
West Bengal University of Technology
BF 142 , Sector-1, Salt Lake City,
Kolkata 700064,
The 1st National Conference on Industrial Engineering (NCIE-2011) is being organized by the Department of Industrial Engineering & Management at West Bengal University of Technology, Kolkata India. The focus of the conference is on recent advances in the area of Industrial Engineering & Management in improving the productivity of industrial firms.
Publications: All paper submissions will be peer reviewed. Accepted papers will be published in the conference proceedings which will be available at the time of conference and selected papers will be published in
International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN: 0976-4259,
published by IPA India
Paper Submission Deadline: 5th February 2011
Registration Deadline: 12th February 2011
Conference Date: 17th and 18th February 2011
For more details, visit: http://nciep2011.p4o.net/
NIMCET - 2011, MCA Admission Detailed Notice, Information Brochure, Syllabus, How To Apply
10:03:00 AM MCA, NIMCET No comments
NIMCET - 2011
Applications are invited from eligible candidates for admission to the 3-year full time Master of Computer Applications (MCA) programme offered by the NITs located at Agartala, Allahabad, Bhopal, Calicut, Durgapur, Jamshedpur, Kurukshetra, Raipur, Surathkal, Tiruchirappalli and Warangal.
Admissions to the MCA programme will be made through NIT MCA Common Entrance Test 2011 (NIMCET 2011) organized jointly by eleven NITs and being conducted by MANIT Bhopal . Admission will be based on the rank obtained in the NIMCET2011 only.
Eligibility: Indian Nationals securing 60% marks or 6.5/10 CGPA (55% or 6.0/10 CGPA for SC/ST) in each of the examinations of
12th level with Mathematics and
Bachelor's Degree of full time 3 year duration from a recognized University with any one of the following as one of the subjects
Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science
Candidates are required to read the instructions carefully before filling the online application form. They are also required to take a print out of the online filled in online application form and send it by speed post along with copies of mark sheets of Matriculation, High School and Graduation and a demand draft of Rs. 1500/- for open /OBC and Rs.750/- for SC/ST candidates in favor of "NIMCET2011" payable at SBI, MANIT Branch Bhopal at the following address so as to reach on or before Monday, April 11, 2011.
The Chairman/Secretary
NIMCET2011
Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology
Bhopal-462051 (MP)
Applications received after due date or received without demand draft will not be considered. Rights are reserved by NIMCET2011 for any change. P-9826757654,9893835357
For detailed notice regarding information brochure syllabus, how to apply, etc. visit: www.nimcet2011nitb.in
Bengal Engineering and Science University, Shibpur...
AUAT 2011 - Aliah University Admission Notice - 20...
1-year Career Oriented Certificate Course on Stres...
One-day State-Level Conference on Issues in Global...
M.Phil, Ph.D, LL.D. Degree Programmes - 2011, The ...
NIMCET - 2011, MCA Admission Detailed Notice, Info...


text:
Morciano di Leuca è un comune italiano di  abitanti  della provincia di Lecce in Puglia.

Situato nell'estremo lembo meridionale della penisola salentina, comprende anche la frazione di Barbarano del Capo e Torre Vado, quest'ultima situata sulla costa. Fa parte dell'Unione dei comuni Terra di Leuca. Dal 2016 fa parte dell'associazione Borghi Autentici d'Italia.

Geografia fisica

Territorio
Il comune di Morciano di Leuca è situato nella parte meridionale del Capo di Leuca. L'abitato si sviluppa a 130 metri sul livello del mare sulle ultime propaggini delle serre salentine che nel comune raggiungono l'altezza massima di 165 m s.l.m. e prendono il nome di Serra Falitte. La natura carsica del territorio favorisce la creazione di inghiottitoi generati da infiltrazioni nel sottosuolo di acque superficiali. È il caso delle due vore di Barbarano, Vora Grande e Vora Piccola, la cui profondità massima è rispettivamente di 34 e 25 metri.Il litorale si presenta basso con insenature sabbiose intervallate da piatti scogli.
Il territorio comunale, che si estende su una superficie di 13,39 km², confina a nord con il comune di Alessano, a est con i comuni di Castrignano del Capo e Patù, a sud con il mare Ionio, a ovest con il comune di Salve.

 Classificazione sismica: zona 4 (sismicità molto bassa), Ordinanza PCM n. 3274 del 20/03/2003

Clima
Dal punto di vista meteorologico Morciano di Leuca rientra nel territorio del basso Salento che presenta un clima prettamente mediterraneo, con inverni miti ed estati caldo umide. In base alle medie di riferimento, la temperatura media del mese più freddo, gennaio, si attesta attorno ai +16,8 °C, mentre quella del mese più caldo, agosto, si aggira sui +28,5 °C. Le precipitazioni medie annue, che si aggirano intorno ai 321 mm, presentano un minimo in primavera-estate ed un picco in autunno-inverno.Facendo riferimento alla ventosità, i comuni del basso Salento risentono debolmente delle correnti occidentali grazie alla protezione determinata dalle serre salentine che creano un sistema a scudo. Al contrario le correnti autunnali e invernali da Sud-Est, favoriscono in parte l'incremento delle precipitazioni, in questo periodo, rispetto al resto della penisola.

 Classificazione climatica di Morciano di Leuca:
 Zona climatica: C
 Gradi giorno: 1105

Origini del nome
Il nome potrebbe derivare con molta probabilità dal termine latino murex con riferimento al tipo di terreno di natura rocciosa e collinare sul quale sorge l'abitato. Altre ipotesi suggeriscono una derivazione dal nome latino di persona Murcius o al fatto che in passato fosse un luogo per il deposito della merce.

Storia
Morciano di Leuca, come tutta l'area della provincia, ha origini legate alla preistoria, perché l'intera Puglia presenta insediamenti umani sin dal periodo paleolitico.
La nascita del primo insediamento abitativo di Morciano di Leuca risale al IX secolo ad opera dei profughi della vicina città di Vereto distrutta dai Saraceni. Con l'avvento dei Normanni, il feudo venne donato nel 1190 da Tancredi d'Altavilla a Sinibaldo Sambiasi, i cui discendenti ne detennero il possesso fino al XIII secolo. In epoca angioina il casale passò a Riccardus Murchano al quale subentrò nel 1316 Guiscardo Sangiorgio che lo cedette nel 1335 a Gualtieri VI di Brienne.

Nel 1486 Giacomo Antoglietta (Natoli), barone di Fragagnano, Ruffano, Altavilla, Casalecchio, Santa Digna, Casavecchia, Francavilla e Monteiasi, marito di Margherita Ruffo, figlia del Conte di Sinopoli, cedette il feudo di Morciano a Ruggero Sambiasi in cambio di Vaste.
Ai Simbiasi succedettero i Capece, i D'Enghien e i Castromediano (1642). Nonostante l'abolizione della feudalità fosse stata decretata nel 1806, il casale venne acquistato nel 1848 da Giuseppe Valentini.

Aggregato in un primo momento al comune di Patù, ottenne l'autonomia amministrativa il 1º agosto 1838. Nel 1894 guadagna la frazione di Barbarano del Capo amministrata fino a quel momento dal comune di Salve.

Monumenti e luoghi d'interesse

Architetture religiose

Chiesa madre di San Giovanni Elemosiniere
La Chiesa madre, dedicata a San Giovanni Elemosiniere, risale al XVI secolo e fu edificata su una preesistente struttura del tardo Medioevo. L'esterno presenta uno stile romanico con aggiunte barocche riscontrabili principalmente nel portale d'ingresso, ultimato nel 1576, e nel campanile del 1775, successivamente arricchito da un orologio. L'interno è a tre navate divise da pilastri; gli ultimi due sorreggono l'arco trionfale che separa l'area presbiterale dalla navata centrale. Le navate laterali ospitano pregevoli altari barocchi in pietra leccese sormontati da tele seicentesche e da statue. Interessante, dal punto di vista artistico, è il catino absidale nel quale i recenti restauri hanno riportato alla luce le originarie decorazioni cinquecentesche e gli affreschi raffiguranti la Vergine col Bambino e San Michele Arcangelo.Nell'area prospiciente l'edificio sacro sono state individuate numerose tombe, risalenti ai secoli XIII-XIV, appartenenti molto probabilmente ad un'unica necropoli.

Chiesa del Carmine

La Chiesa del Carmine, conosciuta anche come chiesa del Rosario per essere la sede dell'omonima Confraternita, fu edificata intorno al 1486 come riscontrabile nell'epigrafe posta sul lato nord dell'edificio. Voluta dal feudatario Ruggero Sambiasi, nel 1507 venne affiancata dal convento dei Carmelitani ingenuamente abbattuto nel 1967. La chiesa subì un radicale intervento di restauro nel 1597.Presenta un prospetto barocco diviso in due ordini da una cornice e terminante con un frontone curvilineo. Il primo ordine, scandito da lesene con capitelli corinzi, accoglie il portale d'accesso elegantemente sormontato da un fregio raffigurante l'Annunciazione. Nel secondo ordine si apre, in asse col portale, un ampio finestrone. L'interno è a navata unica scandita da arcate ospitanti altari barocchi con relative tele seicentesche. La chiesa conserva un antico organo e statue in legno e in cartapesta di varie epoche.

Cappella della Madonna di Costantinopoli
La Cappella della Madonna di Costantinopoli risale alla seconda metà del XVI secolo e appartiene alla serie di edifici edificati in seguito alla Battaglia di Lepanto la cui vittoria fu attribuita alla Vergine. Presenta un semplice prospetto rettangolare, con portale e finestra centrali, sormontato da un campanile a vela. L'interno è costituito da un piccolo vano e custodisce un monolite rinvenuto a seguito di un intervento conservativo effettuato negli ultimi anni del Novecento. Sul monolite è raffigurata una cinquecentesca Madonna col Bambino a sua volta realizzata su un affresco databile al X secolo.

Altre strutture religiose
 Cappella di Santa Lucia – XIX secolo
 Cappella della Natività – XVII secolo situata nell'area cimiteriale

Architetture civili

Frantoi ipogei
Numerosi sono i frantoi ipogei sparsi su tutto il territorio di Morciano di Leuca. Nel solo centro storico se ne contano diciotto e testimoniano la rilevante economia olearia di cui il paese viveva in passato. Alcuni di essi possono essere datati al IX secolo e molti furono ricavati mediante la semplice rottura dei granai di epoca messapica. Gran parte dei granai sono stati così distrutti ma alcuni sono ancora intatti e conservano la lastra originaria di chiusura.

Architetture militari

Castello Castromediano – Valentini

Il castello, uno tra quelli della provincia di Lecce, fu voluto da Gualtieri VI di Brienne nella prima metà del XIV secolo per scongiurare le mire espansionistiche di Francesco della Ratta, Conte di Caserta, che per matrimonio si era imparentato ai Conti Aunay di Alessano.Presenta una pianta quadrangolare ai cui spigoli erano disposti quattro torrioni dei quali ne resta visibile solo uno in quanto due sono inglobati nelle murature esterne realizzate nel Cinquecento e il terzo fu abbattuto per far posto alla costruzione del Convento dei Carmelitani. La torre è di forma cilindrica suddivisa in tre piani: piano terra e primo piano sono divisi da un cordolo, mentre Beccatelli dividono il primo dal secondo, quest'ultimo caratterizzato dalla presenza di feritoie essenziali alla difesa con armi, olio bollente e bombarde. Il tutto termina con un altro cordone cilindrico e un tamburo rientrante.Elementi caratterizzanti del castello sono i merli della cortina di coronamento la cui forma è quella del giglio di Francia. Il portale d'ingresso, difeso da una piombatoia, è sovrastato da cinque stemmi gentilizi che fungono da ornamento. Attraverso il portone si accede ad un ampio cortile interno intorno al quale sono distribuiti grandi stanzoni adibiti a fienili, scuderie, legnaia, cucine, officine, botteghe artigianali, forno e deposito d'armi. Sul lato destro è addossato uno scalone che conduce ai piani superiori occupati dagli alloggi degli ospiti e dalle stanze del feudatario. L'attuale denominazione si deve alle ultime famiglie che lo hanno abitato.

Torri costiere di avvistamento

Torre Vado è una delle numerose torri di avvistamento costiere fatte costruire nel XVI secolo da Carlo V d'Asburgo per difendere il territorio salentino dalle invasioni dei pirati saraceni. La torre di guardia si trova sulla costa a pochi metri dal mare ed è circondata da edifici costruiti in epoche più recenti. Per la sua vicinanza con il centro abitato di Salve era stata adibita a torre cavallara, cioè era dotata di un messaggero a cavallo che in caso di pericolo partiva per avvertire i paesi dell'entroterra.
La torre, a base circolare, si sviluppa su due piani e presenta finestre e feritoie nella parte superiore. È servita da una scala di accesso interna.
Con il disarmo delle torri costiere, avvenuto intorno al 1846 su disposizione di Ferdinando II sovrano delle Due Sicilie, la torre è stata adibita a stazione di controllo doganale. Nel 1930 venne acquistata da privati e poi restaurata nel 1935.

Società

Evoluzione demografica

Etnie e minoranze straniere
Al 31 dicembre 2017 a Morciano di Leuca risultano residenti 80 cittadini stranieri. La nazionalità principale è:
 Romania - 49

Lingua e dialetti
Il dialetto parlato a Morciano di Leuca è il dialetto salentino nella sua variante meridionale. Il dialetto salentino, appartenente alla famiglia delle lingue romanze e classificato nel gruppo meridionale estremo, si presenta carico di influenze riconducibili alle dominazioni e ai popoli stabilitisi in questi territori nei secoli: messapi, greci, romani, bizantini, longobardi, normanni, albanesi, francesi, spagnoli.

Cultura

Istruzione

Biblioteche
 Biblioteca Comunale del Centro interesse giovanile CIG.

Scuole
Nel comune vi sono due scuole dell'infanzia, una scuola primaria e una scuola secondaria di primo grado.

Eventi
 Festa di San Giovanni Elemosiniere
 Periodo: 23 gennaio e ultima decade di luglio
 Carnevale
 Periodo: febbraio o marzo
 Sagra de li Diavulicchi
 Periodo: prima decade di agosto
 Fiera di Santa Lucia
 Periodo: 13 dicembre

Economia
L'economia di Morciano è storicamente legata all'agricoltura e, anche se non è più la fonte principale di reddito, il settore dell'ulivo finalizzato alla produzione di olio d'oliva rimane importante. In ambito regionale si converte gradualmente verso attività legate a piccole imprese, iniziative commerciali e turismo; quest'ultimo è  localizzato nella sottile fascia costiera ed è limitato solitamente al periodo estivo.

Infrastrutture e trasporti

Strade
I collegamenti stradali principali sono rappresentati da:
 Strada statale 101 (Gallipoli – Lecce)
 Strada statale 274 (Santa Maria di Leuca – Gallipoli)

Il centro è anche raggiungibile dalle strade provinciali interne: SP190 Torre Vado-Morciano di Leuca-Barbarano del Capo-Montesardo, SP326 Morciano di Leuca-Litoranea SP214, SP351 Salve-Morciano di Leuca-Patù.

Ferrovie
Il comune è servito da una stazione ferroviaria, situata nella frazione di Barbarano del Capo, posta sulla linea Novoli-Gagliano del Capo delle Ferrovie del Sud Est.

Amministrazione
Di seguito è presentata una tabella relativa alle amministrazioni che si sono succedute in questo comune.

Note

Bibliografia
 L. A. Montefusco, Le successioni feudali in Terra d'Otranto, Istituto Araldico salentino, Lecce, 1994
 D'Aquino Cesare, Morciano di Leuca, Capone L., 1988
 Ciurlia Antonio, Morciano di Leuca. Alle radici della storia, Capone L., 1993

Voci correlate
 Salento
 Serre salentine
 Terra d'Otranto
 Torre Vado
 Barbarano del Capo
 Vore carsiche di Barbarano
 Diocesi di Ugento-Santa Maria di Leuca
 San Giovanni l'Elemosiniere
 Capo di Leuca

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

 Morciano di Leuca Notizie storico culturali, foto e video del Comune di Morciano di Leuca, frazioni e marine.

Comuni della provincia di Lecce

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


When you were growing up, you proberbly thought your parents and teachers was being a pain for insisting that you eat your fruits and vegetables. You may not have realized it then, but they were doing you a great favor. It turned out that fruits and vegetables are an essential part of our diet, providing a wide range of vitamins and minerals that serve numerous important functions in the body.
For years U.S. Department of Health has recommended including at least five portions of fruits and vegetables in our daily diet.
Many people, however, are still not getting the message they remain delinquent in their fruit and vegetable intake. Regretfully only one in seven does achieve this quota. In fact, a full 33% of American adults eats only two servings of fruits and vegetables a day and are more likely to opt for an unhealthy snack instead. On a daily basis, about half the population eats no fruit at all.
A Ton of Reasons: There are a tons of reasons to eat a variety of colors from the produce dept. Fruits and vegetables are basically fat free, low in salt and an excellent source of fiber.
Some fruits and vegetables, such as bananas and spinach, contain potassium, which supports proper nerve and muscle functioning. Other fruits and vegetables, such as carrots and cantaloupe, supply Vitamin A, which maintains eye health and immunity. Green vegetables such as broccoli and asparagus provides Vitamin B, which is necessary for converting food into energy.
All fruits and vegetables are loaded with phytonutrients, the health-promoting components of plants. Studies have shown that phytonutrients can help protect seven key organs, including the heart, liver, eyes and skin.
Antioxidant Properties: Researches that measured the total antioxidant power of various foods, placed fruits and vegetables at the top of the list.
Antioxidants are known to protect our bodies from free radicals that can cause damage to cellular membranes. Antioxidants also help to make our muscles stronger, boost our immunity, and support bone and skin health.
Colorful fruits and vegetables derive their antioxidant properties from the chemical that causes their various colors. It is therefore very beneficial to consume fruit and vegetables from all the different color groups.
The seven food color groups and their properties.
Tomato, tomato juices, watermelon, pink grapefruit, red plum: Produces Lycopene which has shown to inhibit cancer cell growth in laboratory test.
Grapes, strawberries, cranberries, raspberries, blueberries, prunes, red apples. Proanthocyanidins protect against urine infections.ellagic acid inhibits cancer cell growth.
Broccoli, Brussel Sprouts, Cabbage, Bok Choy. Produces Isothio-cyanates which increases liver proteins for defending against carcinogens.
Spinach, corn, collard greens, kale, avocado, mustard greens. Lutein protects vision, the heart, and inhibits cancer cell growth.
Carrots, cantaloupe, pumpkin, mangos, apricots. Beta carotene protects vision and immune function.
Oranges, lemons, papaya, peaches, nectarines, pineapple. Flavonoids inhibit tumor growth and repair DNA. Limonoids in the skin of oranges and lemon inhibit tumor growth.
Garlic, onion, celery, chives, pears, leeks. Allyl sulfides inhibit tumor cell growth.
Exactly how fruits and vegetables lower cholesterol is still something of a mystery. It just may be that eating more fruits and vegetables result in eating less meat and dairy products, and thus less cholesterol-boosting saturated fat. Soluble fiber in fruits and vegetables may also block the absorption of cholesterol from food.
The next time you feel the urge for a snack why not try a half a cup of fresh or frozen blueberries. Blueberries are one of the best antioxidant-rich foods, they have been so effective in retarding aging in laboratory animals that they can block brain changes leading to decline and even reverse failing memory.
If you are having difficulty eating the recommended daily servings of antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables, you may want to add dietary supplements to your diet. Dietary supplements can provide you with the powerful phytonutrients and antioxidant benefits found in seven servings of colorful fruits and vegetables. It also supports your body's vital organs by providing them with key nutrients.
By making the effort to follow your mom's advice by eating plenty of fruits and vegetables each day, you may be doing your body one of the biggest favors ever.
Jerry Gunning is a Personal Wellness Coach who teaches clients that good nutrition is vital to wellness and support the overall quality of life.


Come take advantage of the many opportunities available to grow and manage your small business! Find these sessions on the Vistaprint stage, inside the Marketplace located in Exhibit Hall 2.
Join us for this amazing opportunity to pitch your product idea to Tory Johnson, of Good Morning America's Deals and Steals, and receive LIVE feedback on stage! Be sure to visit the Vistaprint booth between 7:30 am and 12:00 pm to register for your pitch time!
Featuring an open forum to ask questions about branding, marketing, email marketing, finding and targeting customers and much more!
Be sure to visit the BiGAUSTIN booth. They will have complimentary one-on-one counseling for business plan development, financial analysis & forecasting, business structures & partnerships, operations, loan application packaging and access to capital – they can help you figure it out. BiGAustin will also be hosting mini-sessions in their booth. Stop by for a list of topics and times. Support our women-owned small businesses by shopping the exhibits available here all day!


Jerry Wolowicz and his distributors heard the question often from retailers purchasing Europa International's high-quality eyewear and sunwear.
In 2012, seeing the untapped demand for high-quality eyewear that's "Made in America," Europa's executive team made a bold decision. They would pursue the market themselves, doing what numerous vendors and industry professionals told them was impossible: Launching an American-manufactured luxury eyewear brand.
It started with a vision, as you might expect from a company that specializes in eyewear.
For 35 years, Europa was in the business of distributing high-quality eyewear and sunwear to retailers from its hub in the Northwest suburbs of Chicago, first to the Midwest and eventually across the United States and internationally to 20 countries. Husband-and-wife team Alan and Cynthia Shapiro founded Europa International out of their garage in 1977, and as the company name implies, it imported all its products.
In 2010, Alan and Cynthia Shapiro's son, Scott – Europa's current COO – joined the company and brought new focus to answer the question, 'Why aren't eyeglasses typically made in America?' What he discovered was a labor-intensive process to create quality frames.
Because it is lightweight yet strong, cellulose acetate is the material of choice for high-quality eyewear. The material must be imported, and so must the equipment used to mold it into a fashionable frame. Due to these market conditions, frame creation was not a commonly learned skillset in the United States.
Some of Europa's overseas contacts also were skeptical of the economics. They cautioned that an American workforce couldn't produce luxury frames at a price point that American consumers would embrace. The process is costly and time consuming and there was no precedent of success to which anyone could point.
Its partners abroad didn't seem especially interested in exporting their expertise, either.
"We felt like we were striking out," Wolowicz says.
The breakthrough arrived unexpectedly – not from overseas, but in California. At a trade show, Wolowicz and Scott Shapiro met entrepreneurs Marc Franchi and Jason Stanley, a couple of self-proclaimed "gearheads" who had taught themselves how to make frames and were in the infancy of creating a small brand in Ventura, California, known as "Frieze Frames." After several meetings and much discussion, Franchi and Stanley decided to relocate their families and two of their factory workers to the Chicagoland area and join forces with Europa. In 2014, the partners founded State Optical Co., a new, U.S.-manufactured luxury eyewear brand under the Europa umbrella.
The phrase "Made in America" is stamped on every State Optical Co. frame made in the Vernon Hills, Illinois, factory. And Europa's goal from day one has been for that phrase to signify quality.
The blueprint for the frames, which run in the high $300s to low $400s price range, comes from Blake Kuwahara, a renowned American designer. Each style is named after a location or landmark in Chicago, and a pyramid of 21 drilled holes is located on the tip of the frame's temple to signify Illinois' status as the 21st state in the nation.
Beyond the sense of style is a sense of place, says Wolowicz.
When Franchi and Stanley were building their company in California, they were able to manufacture a few hundred frames per month at the most. For the large-scale operation envisioned for State, they would need a factory filled with skilled craftspeople to shave down and carve the 6-millimeter thick acetate, secure the tiny hinges and hand polish and bevel the frames for the company's eyewear. There are approximately 75 steps involved in manufacturing one pair of State Optical Co.'s glasses, and about half of those steps are done by hand.
After purchasing equipment from overseas, rewiring it to operate on the U.S. power grid and gaining occupancy of its factory in April 2015, Europa held working interviews on the factory floor to interview CNC operators and other applicans who had experience working with their hands. About 40 percent of applicants didn't make it past this stage, demonstrating the difficulty of the task.
Today, State Optical Co. employs 50 workers who have mastered the complex handiwork. The handmade portion of the process takes about three days to complete.
Due to the size and scope of the initial investment, it will take time for Europa to reap the rewards of this venture. The State Optical Co. brand is financially protected by Europa's 40 years of relationships built up in the distribution of imports, which is "still paying the bills," Wolowicz says.
Still, the initial success of State Optical Co. is encouraging. And that success may provide a model that others in the eyewear industry will want to follow.
The company never intended to be the lone manufacturer of American-made luxury frames, says Wolowicz. In fact, it sees the benefits of a scenario in which multiple factories spring up across the country, which might increase the incentive to produce the raw acetate and metal parts in the United States.
With its State Optical brand produced in the Chicago area, Europa International has upended the notion that luxury eyewear cannot be made in America. But doing so required an initial capital investment that would not have been possible without Huntington.
"We had this wild idea," Europa President Jerry Wolowicz says. "It was really viewed as such, as far as manufacturing frames in the United States. But the bank was there for us." Europa had a solid balance sheet, but not the kind of excess cash flow it would take to build a factory and import the expensive equipment needed to manufacture high-quality glasses.
"We needed outside participation," Wolowicz says.
Europa executives presented their plan to Huntington passionately and with precision – and the bank believed Europa could deliver. The now 3-year-old State Optical Co. brand has become a model for quality and risk taking in the eyewear industry, and it has Huntington to thank for the financial support to make it happen.
For more information, visit www.europaeye.com.


Have you ever received a wedding invitation in the mail that left you completely clueless about the wedding guest dress code? Between "black-tie optional" and "semiformal," the language can be tricky to decipher. But we've got you covered. Here are the most common wedding guest dress codes explained so that you arrive appropriately—and stylishly!—dressed to the celebration.
This the most formal wedding attire possible (think: White House state dinners).
Women should wear a formal floor-length evening gown, no exceptions. Pair your dress with jewelry, heels and an elegant clutch.
Men are required to wear a tuxedo with tails, a formal white shirt, white vest and bow tie, white or gray gloves, and formal footwear, such as derby shoes or oxfords.
Women have options — they can go a bit dressier and wear a formal floor-length gown, or they can choose a dressy cocktail dress, paired with heels or dressy flats. Dressy pants suits are also acceptable.
Men must wear a tuxedo. A black bow tie, black vest or cummerbund, and patent leather shoes are also suggested. For summer weddings, a white dinner jacket and black tuxedo trousers are also acceptable.
The wording here indicates something slightly less formal than black tie is acceptable. So, a tuxedo isn't required, but the event is still formal enough for one to be appropriate.
The choices are the same as with black-tie: a floor-length gown, a fancy cocktail dress, or a dressy pants suit. As far as women are concerned, there's no difference between black-tie attire and black-tie option attire. The "optional" part comes in for the men.
Men have the option of wearing a tuxedo or a formal dark suit, white shirt, and conservative tie.
Part of dressing for a semi-formal or dressy casual wedding is taking the time of the wedding into account. Wear darker, more formal colors for an evening wedding; opt for light colors and fabrics for a daytime event.
Try a cocktail dress or a dressy skirt and top. An elegant pantsuit is also appropriate. Floor-length gowns, however, would be inappropriate. Pair with heels, nice wedges or elegant flats. Note: If the ceremony is being held outdoors, and you'll be walking across lawn, avoid traditional heels that will likely get stuck in the grass!
Men should wear a suit and tie, dark or light depending on the time of day.
This dress code is relatively new, and will leave many guests scratching their heads. Basically, guests are given the go-ahead to have fun and play with their look. Opt for cocktail-party attire featuring bolder colors and playful accessories.
Women should wear a cocktail dress or party dress in a fun color, paired with playful accessories and heels or dressy flats.
Men should sport a suit, jazzed up with a bright tie or creative pocket square.
This indicates the wedding will likely be held outdoors or on the beach, meaning the event will be much more laid-back, especially when it comes to attire. That said, jeans, shorts, and tank tops are probably not appropriate unless they're specifically noted as acceptable.
A summer sundress is appropriate (just make sure the fabric isn't overly formal). Wedges or dressy sandals are perfect footwear for a casual wedding, but sandals and sneakers are not.
Wear dress pants or khaki pants with a collared shirt tie. You can add a tie or sport jacket if you'd like, but it's not required. If it's chilly, feel free to add a sweater, as well. Steer clear of any t-shirts or tennis shoes.
Tropical weddings are usually humid and hot affairs, and you have to dress accordingly. Remember, always err on the dressier side of caution. If you're not sure if what you're planning to wear is dressy enough, it's probably not. Upgrade it a notch and you're certain to be just fine.
As with a casual wedding, look for cotton sundresses and nice sandals or wedges. If the wedding is being held outside and the weather is blazing, consider topping the look off with a sunhat.
Guayabera shirts almost always count as appropriate wedding attire in the tropics. Known more commonly as "Mexican wedding shirts," these short-sleeved, button-down shirts usually have decorative square pockets, and often have embroidery. They're available in a huge variety of colors and styles. Most designer labels also have their own version of the guayabera, if you're looking for something a little fancier.
Although linen shirts and pants are also appropriate for a tropical wedding, be cautious in selecting them when you're travelling. Linen usually wrinkles easily, and there may not be a dry cleaner to press it back out in a more remote destination. Don't wear shorts unless specifically instructed to do so.
There are a few rules that apply to all dress codes across the board. Whether you're wearing casual or black-tie attire, avoid all of the following faux pas.
Pick any other color to wear to the wedding. Wearing white will just have heads turning in your direction for all of the wrong reasons. Plus, it will most likely upset the bride, who won't want to feel anything but pleased by her guests throughout the night. The only exception, of course, is if the couple has specifically asked all the guests to wear white — in which case, respect their request and find yourself a white outfit (here are tips for what to wear to a wedding with an all-white dress code!).
Whether or not the dress code is black tie, try not to under-dress for the wedding. Unless it was stated that wearing jeans is okay, try to at least wear clothes that you would feel comfortable wearing to a formal office party.


For those who love our green and pleasant land, This England takes you on a seasonal journey across the country. Each issue is packed with fascinating articles and beautiful photographs from around the country reflecting England's unique and world-famous heritage and history.
Be the first person to tell us what you think about This England and you'll save £2.50 on your next purchase!
For quarterly titles please allow up to 4-6 weeks for your first delivery. Your subscription will begin with the next available issue.


text:
Q: How to directly open the Desktop in a Live Ubuntu image? I put Ubuntu on a USB stick using LinuxLiveUSB
It works great, but upon start-up a dialog box for installing Ubuntu comes up asking if one wants to install it or to just continue to use it.  It stops the start-up process, and if you click it closed it then shows you the desktop.
Can anyone advise me how to just boot straight into the desktop by getting rid of this dialog box?
This is definitely after the start-up, so I think it must be in an init.d script someplace.

A: For what I believe, editing the bootloader file will work out, because from there you can choose wether to try or to install.

A: If I understand well, you are trying to use a LiveUSB as a full installation of Ubuntu inside a USB stick.
Concepts:

*

*The LiveUSB is used to try Ubuntu and to install Ubuntu in a HDD.

*The USB stick with a full Ubuntu installation can be booteable and is
used to run Ubuntu daily.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Right, so about me. I've had a thing for writing for as long as I can remember. Writing brings out a side of me that I absolutely love!
I write when I'm happy, I write when I am bored and I write when I'm upset! (You get the gist) But, I write only when I want to write! Forcing myself to write at a specific time never gives me something that I am proud of!
So that's about me and writing!
I've been lucky enough to get the chance to write different kinds of articles in school, college, university and my stint as a content writer at an ad agency! And I am glad for all that, and for everything that it has given me!
So if you're interested, here's my take (which admittedly is more often, Weird and different, than not) on absolutely everything and anything I can think of.
I would love to hear any feedback you can throw at me!


text:
Is this the end for Boris Johnson?
Three ways Boris Johnson's premiership could end – and three scenarios that could see him cling on.
By Tim Ross
Photo by JUSTIN TALLIS/POOL/AFP via Getty Images
Boris Johnson stood in the House of Commons today and admitted to attending a party in the Downing Street garden during the first lockdown. After months of denials, this is the first confirmation we have had that the Prime Minister himself was at odds with his own Covid guidance, and perhaps with the law. So is Johnson toast? Or will he cheat political death yet again?
Three ways Boris Johnson goes
He resigns. It all gets too much for a man who loves to be loved. Assailed on all sides by people telling him they think he's toxic and needs to resign, a demoralised PM begins to believe them, loses heart and gives up. The shame of being forced out in a scandal is softened by the relief of no longer having to struggle miserably on.
Why the government's plan to use the Navy against Channel migrants sounds familiar
In the Commons on Wednesday, Johnson said he wasn't resigning – for now. Told repeatedly to quit, by Labour, the SNP, the Lib Dems and others, a deflated and downbeat PM advised them all to wait until the senior civil servant Sue Gray completes her investigation into various parties and gatherings. "I will certainly respond as appropriate," he said.
Tories oust him. Sick of their inboxes being clogged up with rage-fuelled emails from constituents, Conservative MPs put pen to paper themselves and send letters of no confidence to Graham Brady. Their calculation will be that it's better to get rid of Johnson quickly than to wait to pay the price themselves at the next general election. If the chair of the 1922 committee of backbench MPs receives 54 of these letters, a confidence vote is then triggered among Tory MPs. If the PM loses that vote, he's out and an election begins for a new leader. There are signs patience is wearing thin on the Tory back benches, and on 12 January, the Scottish Tory leader Douglas Ross became the first major party figure to call on Johnson to resign.
Sue Gray and the police force him out. Scotland Yard has apparently been in touch with the Cabinet Office amid questions over whether the 20 May 2020 garden party drinks broke lockdown laws. If it turns out the PM breaks the law, it becomes difficult for him to continue. If he attends or hosts a lawbreaking party, it's essentially just as hard to carry on. Johnson has put a lot of faith in Sue Gray, a top official in the Cabinet Office and former internal ethics enforcer. Yet she has her own reputation for rigour to uphold and is unlikely to do him too many favours. She's seen prime ministers come and go and is said to be fearsome and fearless. There are other regulators, including the parliamentary standards commissioner, who may also take an interest.
Three ways Johnson stays
Time. It's the best healer, and the Christmas break gave MPs the chance to cool off, after a dismal few weeks of Johnson's unforced errors. The wound has now reopened but Gray's inquiry isn't yet complete and Johnson will be hoping that his apology buys him the time he needs to make it at least to the point when she delivers her findings. Then he'll be hoping that no civil servant – not even the formidable Gray – will be brave enough to stick the knife into the PM. If her report sticks to the facts – and the facts go no further than the PM himself has admitted – he could find the pressure eases. The news agenda moves fast, the threat from the Omicron variant appears to be receding and Johnson may be given a reprieve yet again by some good news on the waning of the pandemic.
Timing. Even Tories who think Johnson must go will be wary of moving too soon. There is currently no clear and obvious successor. David Cameron quit in 2016 because he couldn't stand the Brexit result. Theresa May was eventually eased out but only when it was clear to everyone that Johnson was the preferred replacement. The mechanics of removing a prime minister require clarity and determination from the Conservative Party. If Tories trigger a vote of no confidence in Johnson's leadership, and he wins it, he will be safe from another challenge for 12 months, under party rules. They would be stuck with him for another year, taking them closer to an election and making a decision to switch leaders even more perilous. If he loses a confidence vote, a bloody leadership contest with a crowded field of rivals could follow, and the party could be badly split as a result. Some believe May's local elections will be key. If the Tories do well, it could help Johnson cling on.
Stalemate. Johnson can be stubborn. Until relatively recently, he has been reluctant to offer up sacrificial scalps when scandals have engulfed his government. He will be even more unwilling to offer up his own. There may be little point appealing to him to do the honourable thing. Many of his critics and some of his friends regard him as almost impossible to shame. It may be conventional for a minister to resign if they mislead the Commons, but Johnson was elected as a leader who defies convention. He may choose stubbornly to tough it out.
Tory MPs, equally, may struggle to unite behind a clear alternative. Would Rishi Sunak, Liz Truss or Jeremy Hunt really have the star quality to keep the red wall blue? Or is it better to allow Johnson the chance to prove he still has powers to win elections in parts of the country other Tories can't reach? The result of these calculations could be disgruntled MPs and a hollowed out PM forced to cohabit unhappily at Westminster for a while yet.
Topics in this article: Boris Johnson, Downing Street Party, PMQs
Tim Ross
Tim Ross is executive editor, politics, of the New Statesman.
TimRoss
Who could replace Boris Johnson as Prime Minister?
Rishi Sunak's slow support of the PM shows naked ambition

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


A social network and book discovery tool for K-8 students to share their love of reading with friends. Students connect with peers to share book reviews and find their next favorite book through friends' recommendations or their curated book lists. It's like Goodreads made just for young readers with teaching tools such as online book reports and reading logs.


text:
#include "xvSSDMain.h"

class XVSSDPyramidTrans: public XVSSDMain {

    typedef XVPyramidStepper<XVTransStepper< IMAGE_TYPE > >  STEPPER_TYPE;
    typedef XVSSD< IMAGE_TYPE, STEPPER_TYPE > TRACKER_TYPE;
    typedef TRACKER_TYPE::SP STATE_PAIR_TYPE;
    typedef STEPPER_TYPE::STATE_TYPE STATE_TYPE;

public:

    TRACKER_TYPE *ssd;
	STEPPER_TYPE *stepper;
	STATE_PAIR_TYPE current_state;

	int no_of_levels;
	double scale;

	XVSSDPyramidTrans(const ParamType *xv_params = NULL,
               int no_of_levels=2, double scale=0.5):
        XVSSDMain(xv_params) {
					  this->no_of_levels=no_of_levels;
					  this->scale=scale;
					  name="pyramid_trans";
		}

    void initTracker() {
        //printf("Using Pyramidal Trans SSD Tracker with:\n\t");
		printf("\tno_of_levels=%d\n\t",no_of_levels);
		printf("scale=%f\n\t",scale);

		stepper=new STEPPER_TYPE(init_template, scale, no_of_levels);
		ssd=new TRACKER_TYPE;
		ssd->setStepper(*(stepper));
		ssd->initState((STATE_TYPE)(*init_pos));
		template_img = ssd->getTarget();
    }

	double updateTrackerState() {
		current_state=ssd->step(*xv_frame);
		warped_img=ssd->warpedImage();
		return current_state.error;
	}
	void updateCorners(){
		current_state=ssd->getCurrentState();
		for(int i=0; i<NCORNERS; ++i)
			corners[i] = points[i] + current_state.state;
	}

	void getTransformedPoints(vector<XVPositionD> &in_pts, vector<XVPositionD> &out_pts){
		for(int i=0;i<in_pts.size();i++){
			out_pts[i]=in_pts[i] + current_state.state;
		}
	}
	void resetTrackerPosition(double pos_x, double pos_y){
		ssd->initState(STATE_TYPE(pos_x, pos_y));
	}
	void resetTrackerTemplate(IMAGE_TYPE *img, double pos_x, double pos_y,
		double size_x, double size_y){
			updateTemplate(img, pos_x, pos_y, size_x, size_y);
			ssd->setStepper(STEPPER_TYPE(init_template, scale, no_of_levels));
			resetTrackerPosition(pos_x, pos_y);
	}
};
#endif

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


This is a sequel to The Reaction Hand.
Coming this Summer .... Stop. Drawing. Your. Fist. To. Your. Hip.
I can punch really hard. I don't need to draw my other hand (The Reaction Hand) to my body for me to hit you. Do I have to explain it again? The reaction hand isn't the primary way for you to generate striking power.
Here's a video I uploaded on how to hit the makiwara or striking post. This is the way to learn how to strike with great power.
When you do practice The Reaction Hand, I'd like the reaction hand to be pulled smartly back, in balance with the strike, and held tightly next to the body. I don't want it inching past your ribs and I certainly don't want to see the elbow floating away from your body.
When you are not told to practice the reaction hand and you are engaged in combat or self defence moves ... if you pull your hand away from covering your face, your centre-line, or that part of your head or neck vulnerable to attack, you will get into trouble. If not from me, then from your opponent.
Next year, wait for it ... The Reaction Hand-er.


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Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency admission for patients with stroke: a time series study in Japan
Takuaki Tani1,2,
Shinobu Imai2,3 &
Kiyohide Fushimi ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-1894-02901,2
Neurological Research and Practice volume 3, Article number: 64 (2021) Cite this article
Appropriate treatment of stroke immediately after its onset contributes to the improved chances, while delay in hospitalisation affects stroke severity and fatality. This study aimed to determine the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on emergency hospitalisation of patients with stroke in Japan.
This was an observational study that used nationwide administrative data of hospitalised patients diagnosed with stroke. We cross-sectionally observed patients' background factors during April and May 2020, when the COVID-19 pandemic-related state of emergency was declared; we also observed these factors in the same period in 2019. We also modelled monthly trends in emergency stroke admissions, stroke admissions at each level of the Japan Coma Scale (JCS), fatalities within 24 h, stroke care unit use, intravenous thrombolysis administration, and mechanical thrombectomy implementation using interrupted time series (ITS) regression.
There was no difference in patients' pre-hospital baseline characteristics between the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. However, ITS regression revealed a significant change in the number of emergency stroke admissions after the beginning of the pandemic (slope: risk ratio [RR] = 0.97, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.95–0.99, P = 0.027). There was a significant difference in the JCS score for impaired consciousness in emergency stroke, which was more severe during the pandemic than the pre-pandemic (JCS3 in level: RR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.29–2.33, P < 0.001). There was no change in the total number of fatalities with COVID-19, compared with those without COVID-19, but there were significantly more fatalities within 24 h of admission (fatalities within 24 h: RR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.29–2.33, P < 0.001).
The infection prevalence of COVID-19 increased the number of fatalities within 24 h as well as the severity of illness in Japan. However, there was no difference in baseline characteristics, intravenous thrombolysis administration, and mechanical thrombectomy implementation during the COVID-19 pandemic. A decrease in the number of patients and fatalities was observed from the time the state of emergency was declared until August, the period of this study.
The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been characterised by rapid spread of infection, necessitating the implementation of various preventive measures worldwide [1]. With various countermeasures in place against the COVID-19 infection, hospitalisation rates have decreased in overseas emergency hospitals, and a similar trend has been reported across urban areas in Japan [2,3,4].
Stroke is the second most common cause of death worldwide, the fourth most common cause of death in Japan, and a common cause of emergency hospitalisation.
The most common neurological manifestations in COVID-19-infected patients are cerebral infarction and mortality. Therefore, the prevalence of COVID-19 infection may have an impact on the severity of stroke in patients [5, 6].
Healthcare delivery for stroke can be considered to be strongly influenced by COVID-19 infection [7]. Appropriate treatment, such as administration of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and implementation of mechanical thrombectomy (MT), immediately after the onset of stroke can contribute to the improved chances of survival; however, the time of access to the hospital from the onset of stroke is critical [8,9,10,11]. Therefore, since the delay in hospitalisation from the onset of stroke may affect severity and fatality, it is important to understand the emergency hospitalisation status of patients with stroke due to COVID-19 infection.
The Japanese government has implemented various strategies to prevent the spread of COVID-19, among which was the declaration of a state of emergency from 7 April to 25 May 2020. The public was requested to take care to prevent the spread of infection at medical institutions or when travelling, and the government instructed people to contact medical institutions before seeing a doctor if they had fever or other symptoms of COVID-19 [12].
Previous studies focusing on COVID-19 have shown a highly significant decrease in the number of visits to emergency cardiology departments during lockdowns [2, 3]. The fear of a pandemic may have led to changes in patient behaviour, such as avoiding hospitalisation, even when symptoms are present [13]. According to Japanese regional ambulance activation data, the proportion of emergency calls in the first half of 2020 was lower than that during the same period in 2019 [14]. It is possible that the COVID-19 infection has reduced the rate of access to medical care for patients with stroke in Japan [15]. One previous study aimed to clarify the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in a comprehensive stroke centre in Japan; the results showed that true emergencies appear to be associated with fewer emergency hospital visits and hospitalisations for stroke [15].
In this context, the purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the admission of patients with stroke to emergency hospitals and the resulting changes in stroke severity and fatality throughout Japan.
This observational study used nationwide administrative data from patients with stroke who had been admitted to emergency departments between April 2018 and August 2020. Interrupted time series (ITS) regression analysis was conducted; the interrupted time was from April to May 2020, when the state of emergency was declared.
We extracted data from inpatients who were diagnosed with cerebral infarction at the time of admission from April 2018 to August 2020. The International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD‐10) codes were used for the identification of cerebral infarction (I63). Patients who visited the emergency room were included in our study, as well as patients who visited an emergency hospital and were hospitalized.
Data source and variables
All data were obtained from the Diagnosis Procedure Combination, which is a national database of acute care inpatients in Japan. Details of the database are presented in the cited literature [16,17,18,19].
The database encompasses hospital ID, patient ID, age, sex, weight and height, diseases, comorbidities according to ICD-10 codes, length of stay (LOS), Barthel Index, Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at discharge, admission and discharge destination, Japan Coma Scale (JCS) at admission, onset days (four categories: ≤ 3 days, 4–7 days, ≥ 8 days, asymptomatic), and ambulance use.
We divided patients into the following six groups as the probability of lifestyle-related diseases increases from approximately 40 years of age: 0–44, 45–54, 55–64, 65–74, 75–84, and ≥ 85 years [20]. Body mass index at admission was categorised based on the modified World Health Organization classification: < 18.4 kg/m2, 18.5–24.9 kg/m2, 25.0–29.9 kg/m2, 30.0–34.9 kg/m2, > 35.0 kg/m2, and missing values [21].
The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was calculated using Quan's protocol [22, 23], with patients' comorbidity conditions classified into 17 categories. Each condition had a weighted score of 1, 2, 3, or 6 depending on the mortality risk associated with the case. Individual scores were summed up to obtain the total CCI scores. We divided the total CCI scores into the following four groups: 0, 1, 2, and ≥ 3. The JCS is a unique Japanese method of assessing the level of consciousness, similar to the Glasgow Coma Scale. A JCS code of 0 denotes a lack of consciousness, while a code of 1–3 represents being awake without stimuli. A code of 10–30 signifies the ability to be roused by some stimuli, and 100–300 signifies the state of not being roused [24]. We divided the JCS into four groups according to the number of digits: 0, 1, 2, and 3. We extracted the data as follows: using stroke care unit (SCU), IVT administration, and MT implementation.
To study the impact of COVID-19 infection, we considered the pandemic period to be from 1 April to 31 May 2020 even though the state of emergency was from 7 April to 25 May 2020 because of the reliance on monthly hospitalisation data. The average number of new infections per day in Japan was 475.7 between 1 April and 31 May, and 505.7 between 7 April and 25 May [1]. It should be noted that the data used in this study are hospitalisation data, not epidemiological data on stroke [25].
The requirement for informed consent was waived because of the use of anonymised data. Study approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of Tokyo Medical and Dental University.
Continuous variables were expressed as mean and standard deviation and categorical variables as the number of subjects and percentages. The chi-square test and t-test were used to analyse differences in the characteristics of patients with stroke between April and May 2019, as well as April and May 2020, for discrete and continuous variables. Because of the large number of subjects in this study, the standardised mean difference (SMD), which is unaffected by the number of subjects, was calculated, and the significant difference in the test was examined. The baseline characteristics were compared with an absolute standardised difference of < 10% considered to denote negligible imbalances between the pandemic and pre-pandemic periods [26].
We used ITS regression to model monthly trends in the number of emergency stroke admissions, number of stroke admissions at each level of the JCS (0, 1, 2, and 3), number of fatalities within 24 h or otherwise, SCU admission, administration of IVT, and implementation of MT [27,28,29]. The interrupted time was April to May 2020, when the state of emergency was declared.
The Poisson distribution was used as the link function for all models, with the months of April and May 2020 being points in the equation to verify the difference in the impact of the declaration of the state of emergency. All months from the declaration of the state of emergency were entered into the ITS as trend points in order to see the impact from the declaration of the state of emergency onwards. In the ITS equation excluding hospital admissions, the number of hospital admissions for that point was log transformed and put in as an offset term to adjust for the effect of the overall number.
We hypothesised a level change model considering the slope change. All outcome variables used in the ITS regression were examined for a unit roof using the Dickey–Fuller test [30]. We included fixed effect terms for the year and trend effect. We adjusted the seasonal trend if there was autocorrelation in the model. After checking and adjusting the model for seasonality and trends, autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation were plotted to check for autocorrelation of residuals. All tests were two-tailed, and the threshold for significance was set at P < 0.05. Statistical analyses were performed using R statistical software (version 3.3.2; R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria).
Figure 1 shows that a total of 261,332 eligible patients were identified between April 2018 and August 2020. During the state of emergency, there were 8,351 admitted patients in April, and 8,624 in May. In 2019, 9,795 and 9,914 patients were admitted in April and May, respectively.
Flowchart of the study cohort
Table 1 shows the preadmission baseline characteristics of patients admitted in April 2019 and May 2020. There was no difference in any of the preadmission baseline variables, age, gender, mRS, or CCI between the pandemic and pre-pandemic periods.
Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients with stroke
In BMI, admission pathway, onset category of stroke, and use of ambulance, there was a significant difference in the pandemic and pre-pandemic periods, but the effect size was not significant.
Table 2 shows the impact of the pandemic period on healthcare utilisation and severity of stroke in emergency hospitalisations.
Table 2 Mean JCS score, LOS, fatalities, fatalities in 24 h, mRS, and discharge during the COVID-19 pandemic period
SCU and MT were not significantly different under the COVID-19 emergency declaration; for IVT, there was a significant difference [pandemic (IVT): 1,096(6.5%) vs pre-pandemic (IVT): 1,125(5.7%), diff = 0.8, SMD = 0.031, P < 0.001].
There was a significant difference in the JCS disorientation score between the pandemic and pre-pandemic periods: more patients were hospitalised with severe disorientation during the pandemic [pandemic (JCS0, JCS1, JCS2, JCS3): 7,896 (46.5%), 6,897 (40.6%), 1,425 (8.4%), and 757 (4.5%) vs pre-pandemic (JCS0, JCS1, JCS2, JCS3): 9,813 (49.8%), 7,540 (38.3%), 1,621 (8.2%), and 735 (3.7%), respectively; SMD = 0.071, P < 0.001].
There was no significant difference in fatality in the pandemic and pre-pandemic periods, but there was a significant difference in 24-h fatality upon admission [pandemic: 37 (0.2) vs. pre-pandemic: 66 (0.4), SMD = 0.038, P < 0.001]. There was also a significant difference in the category of discharge destination, with more patients being transferred to other hospitals [pandemic (home, facility, hospital, others): 9,050, 1,375, 5,661, and 889, respectively vs pre-pandemic (home, facility, hospital, others): 10,666, 1,706, 6,252, and 1085, respectively; SMD = 0.038, P < 0.004].
Table 3 shows the results of the ITS regression for the number of patients with stroke from April 2018 to August 2020. There was a significant change in the slope of the number of emergency stroke admissions assessed by ITS regression between t the pandemic and pre-pandemic periods (slope: risk ratio [RR] = 0.97, 95% confidence interval[CI]: 0.95–0.99, P = 0.027).
Table 3 Interrupted time series analysis for the number of patients with stroke from April 2018″ to 31 August 2020
There was a significant difference in JCS levels 0, 1, and 3, and impaired consciousness in emergency stroke was more severe during the pandemic period than in the pre-pandemic (JCS level 3: RR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.29–2.33, P < 0.001) period. During the pandemic period, the number of fatalities within 24 h of admission was significantly higher than the number of fatalities more than 24 h after admission. However, there was no change in total number of fatalities compared with the pre-pandemic period (Fatalities within 24 h: RR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.29–2.33, P < 0.001; Fatalities: RR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.80–1.13, P < 0.6). After the onset of the pandemic, although the number of fatalities was significantly higher within 24 h of hospitalisation, the overall number of fatalities was slightly decreased compared with the pre-pandemic period (slope: fatalities within 24 h: RR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.04–1.27, P = 0.004; fatalities: RR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88–0.98, P < 0.017).
There was no significant effect on IVT, MT, and SCU during the pandemic. However, SCU was slightly increased after the onset of the pandemic (slope of SCU: RR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.04–1.08, P < 0.001).
Although no unit root was found for all the variables used in the ITS regression, no autocorrelation or partial autocorrelation was observed in the adjusted model.
Figure 2 shows the plot of ITS for the number of patients admitted, f total number of fatalities, and fatalities within 24 h with predicted numbers for ITS regression.
Interrupted time series analysis of emergency stroke admissions in the COVID-19 pandemic
In this study, we revealed that stroke severity and the number of fatalities within 24 h of admission increased. However, there was no change in the treatment (IVT and MT), total number of fatalities, and patient characteristics, such as age, sex, and dependency. This suggests that under the declared state of emergency during the COVID-19 pandemic, there was no problem in the provision of medical care for stroke, from emergency transport to treatment. On the other hand, after the declaration of the state of emergency, the number of patient admissions and post-hospitalization fatalities showed a downward trend, indicating an increase in the number of patients who were not admitted.
In this study, the authors evaluated the changes in the severity of stroke emergencies during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. We found that the number of fatalities within 24 h of admission and the number of patients with a high level of consciousness at admission increased during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period. However, the overall fatality rate was not affected, suggesting that a group of patients with originally-fatal severity may have died within 24 h as the severity of the disease increased [31].
We found no difference in the rates of IVT and MT compared with the pre-pandemic period. Since IVT and MT have a time limit from the onset of treatment, the change in these rates was an indicator of the change in transport status from the onset of the treatment to reaching the hospital [32]. In a German study that compared the implementation rates of IVT and MT during the COVID-19 pandemic, there was no change in the implementation of the former but a decrease in the implementation rate of the latter [5]. In Japan, as the number of infected people was about 1/20th the number in Germany at the time of the study, it was believed that the pandemic did not have an effect on transport status; however, if COVID-19 spreads, it could have an impact on transport.
The number of emergency hospital admissions of stroke patients during the pandemic period did not change compared to the pre-pandemic period. However, hospital admissions showed a decreasing trend in the number of patients from the pandemic hroughout the month of August in the observation period. A cross-sectional comparison between the results for 2020 and 2019 during the pandemic gives the impression of a decrease, but the number of patients in 2019 increased when looking at the time series. Further, there was no difference in the level of change when looking at the ITS results. However, a difference in the ITS slope was observed, and the number of patients had been decreasing in August, since the pandemic. These results were not consistent with those of a previous study conducted in Japan.
The previous study aimed to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in a comprehensive urban stroke centre. The results showed that the number of emergencies caused by COVID-19 showed a decreasing trend [15]. There were two major possible reasons for this. First, the previous studies were conducted at a single institution and in an area with a relatively high number of COVID-19 infections, which might have been strongly affected by the COVID-19 epidemic. Because this study used data that encompassed about half of the total population of Japan and looked at the impact after the declaration of the state of emergency, when COVID-19 infections were increasing throughout Japan, there might have been changes in the COVID-19 impact in different regions of Japan [33].The second reason was that the previous study had a short observation period of a few months and thus did not take into account such factors as yearly variations. In the present study, the period used was approximately two years of data from April 2018 to August 2020, and the analysis was adjusted to account for yearly variations. It was known that the number of stroke patients fluctuates seasonally, and therefore, it was necessary to consider long-term variations, which led to different results between this study and previous studies [34].
This study revealed a decreasing trend in the number of patients hospitalized for cerebral infarction from the time after the declaration of the state of emergency until August, the month studied in this paper, although we could not confirm a decrease in the number of patients hospitalized for cerebral infarction under the declaration of the state of emergency. This may have been due to the fact that the number of infected people in Japan had been on an increasing trend since late July 2020, exceeding the maximum number under the declaration of the state of emergency [1].
The overall number of fatalities and new patients did not decrease under the declaration of a state of emergency based on the results of the ITS analysis but trended downward after the declaration of a state of emergency. A previous study examining the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to emergency hospitals found an increase in the number of critically-ill hospitalized patients and a decrease in the number of new patients. The aforementioned study found an increase in the number of critically ill patients in hospitals and a decrease in the number of new patients. The aforementioned studies indicated that the number of hospitalized patients decreased because patients avoided hospitalization for fear of COVID-19 infection [3, 5]. This study revealed that the number of patients and associated fatalities in Japan has been on a downward trend since the declaration of the state of emergency. This suggests that hospitalized patients with high severity of illness may not have been hospitalized because they died at home.
Despite the importance of the findings, this study has certain limitations. In this study, we looked at changes in outcomes in a cross-sectional observation comparing April and May of 2020 with April and May of 2019 under a declared state of emergency and a time series from 2018 to 2020. In the cross-sectional comparison, there was no change in effect size even though the difference in JCS and 24-h mortality was significant with little impact on outcomes under the declaration of emergency. However, the results of the time series analysis were combined with the cross-sectional analysis to assess the impact of COVID-19. The data are related to hospitalisation and are not epidemiological data on stroke. Therefore, this study does not capture changes in patients with stroke who were not hospitalised. Second, while the state of emergency was from 7 April to 25 May, the pandemic period in this study was from 1 April to 31 May because of the reliance on monthly hospitalisation data. The average number of new infections per day in Japan was 475.7 from 1 April to 31 May and 505.7 from 7 April to 25 May; thus, the impact of the pandemic may appear to be slightly less severe in this study.
The results showed that the COVID-19 pandemic increased the number of fatality and severity of hospitalization within 24 h in Japan, while a decreasing trend in the number of patients and fatalities was observed after the declaration of the emergency. However, baseline characteristics and time-dependent treatments, such as MT and IVT, were not altered. These results suggest that there were no problems with health care delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic. On the other hand, it was possible that patients who died or were mildly ill were not treated or hospitalized gradually after the declaration of the state of emergency; the persistent prevalence of COVID-19 infection may have influenced patients' behaviour to seek medical attention. During large outbreaks of infectious diseases, patients should be encouraged to seek medical attention at the onset of stroke, and such patients should be carefully monitored.
The datasets supporting the conclusions of this article are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
CCI:
Carlson Comorbidity Index
IVT:
Intravenous thrombolysis
JCS:
Japan Coma Scale
LOS:
Length of hospital stays
mRS:
Modified Ranking Scale
RR:
Risk ratio
SCU:
Stroke care unit
SMD:
Standardised mean difference
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This study was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Research on Policy Planning and Evaluation from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan (20AA2005) and a Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS KAKENHI, 21K10299). The Foundation has had no influence on the design of the study, data collection, analysis or interpretation of data, publication of results, or writing this manuscript.
Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
Takuaki Tani & Kiyohide Fushimi
Clinical Research Center National Hospital Organization, 2-21 Higashigaoka, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8621, Japan
Takuaki Tani, Shinobu Imai & Kiyohide Fushimi
Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachiozi-shi, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
Shinobu Imai
Takuaki Tani
Kiyohide Fushimi
TT analysed all the data and was a major contributor to the manuscript preparation. TT, SI, and KF interpreted the data. All authors approved the final manuscript.
Correspondence to Takuaki Tani.
This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Tokyo Medical and Dental University. The need for informed consent was waived owing to the use of anonymised data.
Tani, T., Imai, S. & Fushimi, K. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency admission for patients with stroke: a time series study in Japan. Neurol. Res. Pract. 3, 64 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s42466-021-00163-8
Emergency admission