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John Somers, 1st Baron Somers,  (4 March 1651 – 26 April 1716) was an English Whig jurist and statesman. Somers first came to national attention in the trial of the Seven Bishops where he was on their defence counsel. He published tracts on political topics such as the succession to the crown, where he elaborated his Whig principles in support of the Exclusionists. He played a leading part in shaping the Revolution settlement. He was Lord High Chancellor of England under King William III and was a chief architect of the union between England and Scotland achieved in 1707 and the Protestant succession achieved in 1714. He was a leading Whig during the twenty-five years after 1688; with four colleagues he formed the Whig Junto.

Early life

He was born at Claines, near Worcester, the eldest son of John Somers, an attorney in a large practice in that town, who had formerly fought on the side of the Parliament, and of Catherine Ceaverne of Shropshire. After being at school at Queen Mary's Grammar School, Walsall, and The King's School, Worcester he was entered as a gentleman commoner at Trinity College, Oxford, and afterwards studied law under Sir Francis Winnington, who became solicitor-general, and joined the Middle Temple.

Early political career
He soon became intimate with the leaders of the country party, especially with Lord Essex, William Russell, and Algernon Sidney but never entered into their plans so far as to commit himself beyond recall. He was the author of a pamphlet supporting the Exclusion Bill, A Brief History of the Succession, Collected out of the Records and the Most Authentick Historians (1680). Somers showed that Parliament had for centuries regulated the succession of the English crown against the arguments of those who believed that Parliament had no right to alter the succession. Before the Norman Conquest of England in 1066, the Anglo-Saxon kings had been elected, and even after it Parliament had deposed kings and kings, in turn, had confirmed their title by Act of Parliament. Somers concluded:

...it hath been the constant opinion of all Ages that the Parliament of England had an unquestionable power to limit, restrain and qualify the Succession as they pleased, and that in all Ages they have put their power in practice; and that the Historian had reason for saying that seldom or never the third Heir in a right descent enjoyed the Crown of England.

He was reputed to have written the Just and Modest Vindication of the Two Last Parliaments, which was published in April 1681 as the answer to Charles II's famous declaration of his reasons for dissolving them. The authorship of this has been disputed. According to Bishop Burnet it was "first penned by Sidney; but a new draught was made by Somers, and corrected by Jones". Lord Hardwicke saw a copy in Somers's handwriting amongst his manuscripts before they were destroyed by fire in 1752.

In 1681 Lord Shaftesbury was sent to the Tower of London without bail or recourse to a trial. In November he was charged at the Old Bailey for high treason, specifically for intending to levy war against the king. However, the grand jury of Middlesex threw out the bill against Lord Shaftesbury, and were vehemently attacked for so doing by government supporters. Somers published anonymously The Security of Englishmen's Lives, or, The Trust, Power, and Duty of the Grand Juries of England in 1681. Somers acknowledged that judges may advise but juries "are bound by their Oaths to present the Truth, the whole Truth, and nothing but the Truth, to the best of their own, not the Judges', Knowledge". The monarch must ensure that justice is carried out:

Whosoever hath learnt that the Kings of England were ordained for the good Government of the Kingdom in the Execution of the Laws, must needs know, that the King cannot lawfully seek any other benefit in judicial proceedings, than that common Right and Justice be done to the People according to their Laws and Customs.

Somers went on to argue that the monarch should hold the protection of the innocent above the punishment of the guilty:

If a Criminal should be acquitted wrongfully he may be reserved for future Justice from Man or God, if he doth not repent; but 'tis impossible that satisfaction or reparation should be made for innocent Bloodshed in the forms of Justice.

In 1683 he was counsel for the sheriffs Thomas Pilkington and Samuel Shute before the Court of King's Bench, and secured a reputation which continually increased until the trial of the Seven Bishops, in which he was junior counsel. One of the bishops objected that "too young and obscure a Man" should be retained on the defence counsel but Sir Henry Pollexfen refused to participate in the trial without him, saying that Somers was "the Man who would take most Pains, and go deepest into all that depended on Precedents and Records". In Macaulay's words: "Somers rose last. He spoke little more than five minutes: but every word was full of weighty matter; and when he sate down his reputation as an orator and a constitutional lawyer was established". In his speech Somers cited the case of Thomas v. Sorrel (1674) whereby it was ruled that no Act of Parliament could be abrogated except through Parliament. The bishops' petition had been described as a false, malicious and seditious libel. In his peroration Somers answered this charge:

My Lord, as to all the matters of fact alleged in the Petition,—that they are perfectly true we have shown by the Journals of both Houses. In every instance which the petitioners mention, this power of dispensation was considered in Parliament, and, on debate, declared to be contrary to law. They could have no design to diminish the prerogative because the King hath no such prerogative. Seditious, my Lord, the Petition could not be, for the matter of it must be seen to be strictly true. There could be nothing of malice, for the occasion, instead of being sought, was forced upon them. A libel it could not be, for the intent of the defendants was innocent, and they kept strictly within the bounds set by the law, which gives the subject leave to apply to his Prince by petition when he is aggrieved.

Glorious Revolution

In the secret councils of those who were planning the Glorious Revolution Somers took a leading part, and in the Convention Parliament was elected a member for Worcester. He was immediately appointed one of the managers for the Commons in the conferences between the houses, and in arguing the questions whether James II had left the throne vacant by abdication and whether the acts of the Convention Parliament were legal—that parliament having been summoned without the usual writs—he displayed great learning and legal subtlety.

In his maiden speech on 28 January 1689, Somers argued that James II had forfeited his claim to the allegiance of the English by casting himself into the hands of Louis XIV of France and conspiring "to subject the Nation to the Pope, as much as to a foreign prince". On 6 February Somers advocated the word "abdicate" rather than "desert" (which the House of Lords favoured) to describe James' flight to France. He concluded by stating that James' actions were a prime example of the act of abdicating:

That King James II, by going about to subvert the constitution, and by breaking the original contract between king and people, and by violating the fundamental laws, and withdrawing himself out of the kingdom, hath thereby renounced to be a king according to the constitution, by avowing to govern by a despotic power, unknown to the constitution, and inconsistent with it; he hath renounced to be a king according to the law, such a king as he swore to be at his coronation, such a king to whom the allegiance of an English subject is due.

Challenged by the Lords to produce a precedent whereby England had been without a monarch, Somers referred to a parliamentary roll from 1399 that stated that the throne had been unoccupied between the reigns of Richard II and Henry IV. Somers could not point to the interregnum of 1649–1660 because by law the reign of Charles II had started after the execution of Charles I. The Lords replied by pointing to a roll from the first year of the reign of Edward IV which showed that the roll of 1399 had been annulled. Sir George Treby supported Somers by producing the roll of the first year of the reign of Henry VII which repealed Edward IV's roll. Eventually the Lords accepted the abdication clause and that the throne was vacant at the behest of William, and passed a resolution affirming William and Mary's right to the crown.

Although some historians such as Macaulay have claimed Somers was made chairman of the committee which drew up the Declaration of Right, the committee's report was delivered to the Commons by Treby (the chairman always delivered the report to the House). However Somers did play a leading part in drawing up the Declaration, which would be passed in Parliament and become known as the Bill of Rights 1689. Although later generations exaggerated Somers' role as architect of the Bill of Rights, his biographer asserts that no one else can have a better claim to that title. Somers published anonymously A Vindication of the Proceedings of the Late Parliament of England in 1690. Here, Somers justified the war against France and the Bill of Rights:

The proceedings of the late parliament were so fair, so prudent, so necessary, and so advantageous to the nation, to the protestant interest in general, and in particular to the church of England, that all true Englishmen must needs acknowledge they owe to the then representatives of the nation, their privileges, their liberties, their lives, their religion, their present and future security from popery, slavery, and arbitrary power, had they done nothing else but enacted the rights and liberties of the subject, and settling the succession of the crown.

Somers went on to place the abolition of the dispensing power of sovereigns first in importance, then the parliamentary control of taxation, the outlawing of standing armies in time of peace unless Parliament decided otherwise, and the royal succession. Somers argued for the vital importance of the rule of law:

Our happiness then consists in this, that our princes are tied up to the law as well as we, and upon an especial account obliged to keep it up in full force, because if they destroyed the law, they destroyed at the same time themselves, by overthrowing the very foundation of their kingly grandeur and regal power. So that our government not being arbitrary, but legal, not absolute but political, our princes can never become arbitrary, absolute, or tyrants, without forfeiting at the same time their royal character, by the breach of the essential conditions of their regal power, which are to act according to the ancient customs and standing laws of the nation.

Ministerial career

In May 1689 Somers was made Solicitor General for England and Wales. He now became William III's most confidential adviser. In the controversy which arose between the Houses on the question of the legality of the decision of the Court of King's Bench regarding Titus Oates, and of the action of the Lords in sustaining this decision, Somers was again the leading manager for the Commons, and has left a clear and interesting account of the debates. He was next employed in January 1690 as chairman of the select committee of the House of Commons on the Corporation Bill, by which those corporations which had surrendered their charters to the Crown during the last two reigns were restored to their rights; but he refused to associate himself with the violent measures of retaliation which the Whigs on that occasion endeavoured to include in the bill.

Re-elected as MP for Worcester in March 1690, he gave a speech in April which carried through the lower house, without opposition, the bill which declared all the laws passed by the Convention Parliament (1689) to be valid. As Solicitor-General he had to conduct the prosecution of Lord Preston and John Ashton in 1691, and did so with moderation and humanity which were in marked contrast to the customs of the former reigns. He was soon after appointed Attorney General for England and Wales and in that capacity strongly opposed the Bill for the regulation of trials in cases of high treason. In December 1692 Somers introduced into the Commons a Bill "for the preservation of their Majesties' persons and government". The two main provisions of the Bill were severe penalties for anyone who spoke or printed asserted or implied that William and Mary were monarchs only "in fact" and not "of right", and a new oath for all who held offices of profit under the Crown in which they had to swear to defend the government against the exiled King James and his adherents. However the Bill was defeated by 200 to 175.

On 23 March 1693, the Great Seal of the Realm having meanwhile been in commission, Somers was appointed Lord Keeper, with a pension of £2000 a year from the day on which he should quit his office, and at the same time was made a privy councillor. He had previously been knighted. Somers now became the most prominent member of the Whig Junto, the small council which comprised the chief members of the Whig party. When William left in May 1695 to take command of the army in the Netherlands, Somers was made one of the seven Lords Justices to whom the administration of the kingdom during his absence was entrusted; and he was instrumental in bringing about a reconciliation between William and the Princess Anne.

In 1696 he delivered perhaps his best-known judgement in the Bankers case, a claim for compensation by several bankers who had suffered severe loss due to the Great Stop of the Exchequer of 1672 whereby the Crown had simply refused to pay its debts. The Court of Exchequer Chamber, after litigation of almost unprecedented length, found for the bankers; but Somers reversed the judgement on the technical point that the claim should have been brought by way of petition of right. Although his judgement was noted for erudition, it was much criticised for the result, in that the plaintiffs, after almost 25 years, were denied justice on a technicality. The House of Lords in turn reversed Somers's judgement in 1700.

Lord Chancellor and impeachment
In April 1697 Somers was made Lord Chancellor, and was created a peer by the title of Baron Somers, of Evesham. When the discussion arose on the question of disbanding the army, he summed up the case against disbanding, in answer to John Trenchard in a remarkable pamphlet called The Balancing Letter. In August 1698 he went to Tunbridge Wells for his health. While there he received the king's letter announcing the first Partition Treaty, and at once replied with a memorandum representing the necessity in the state of feeling in England of avoiding further war. When the king, on the occasion of the Disbanding Bill, expressed his determination to leave the country, Somers boldly remonstrated, while he dearly expressed in a speech in the Lords the danger of the course that was being taken. Hitherto Somers's character had kept him free from attack at the hands of political opponents; but his connection in 1699 with the notorious Captain William Kidd, to the cost of whose expedition Somers had given £1,000, afforded an opportunity; the vote of censure, however, proposed upon him in the House of Commons for giving Kidd a commission under the great seal was rejected by 199 to 131. The attack was renewed shortly on the ground of his having accepted grants of Crown property to the amount of £1600 a year, but was again defeated. On the subject of the Irish forfeitures, a third attack was made in 1700, a motion being brought forward to request the king to remove Somers from his counsels and presence forever; but this again was rejected by a large majority. In consequence, however, of the incessant agitation William now requested Somers to resign; this he refused to do, but gave up the seals to William's messenger. In 1701 he was impeached by the Commons on account of the part he had taken in the negotiations relating to the Partition Treaty in 1698, and defended himself most ably before the House, answering the charges seriatim. The impeachment was voted and sent up to the Lords, but was there dismissed. On the death of the King, Somers retired almost entirely into private life.

Later life
He was President of the Royal Society from 1698 to 1703. He was, however, active in 1702 in opposing the Occasional Conformity Bill, and in 1706 was one of the managers of the Act of Union 1707. In the same year, he carried a bill regulating and improving the proceedings of the law courts. He was made Lord President of the Council in 1708 upon the return of the Whigs to power, and retained the office until their downfall in 1710; while Queen Anne had long detested the Whig Junto, she came to like and admire Somers: Jonathan Swift called him "the perfect courtier" whose charm and good manners were almost irresistible. He spent his later years at Brookmans Park in Hertfordshire. Somers died on the day the Septennial Bill—which extended the maximum life of parliaments from three years to seven—passed the Commons. A story, possibly apocryphal, goes that Lord Townshend visited Somers during his last illness, with Somers saying to Townshend on his death bed:

I have just heard of the work in which you are engaged, and [I] congratulate you upon it. I never approved the Triennial Bill, and always considered it, in effect, the reverse of what it was intended. You have my hearty approbation of this business, and I think it will be the greatest support possible to the liberty of the country.

Somers never married, but left two sisters, of whom the eldest, Mary, married Charles Cocks, whose grandson, Charles became the second Baron Somers in 1784, the title subsequently descending in this line.

Legacy

Somers is immortalised in St Stephen's Hall, where he and other notable Parliamentarians look on at visitors to Parliament. In the eighteenth century, Somers was hailed as the chief constitutional architect of the Protestant succession. The achievements of Somers and other Whig lawyers defined Whiggism for those living in the reigns of King George I and George II. William Pitt the Elder stated in 1761 that "he learnt his maxims and principles" from "the greatest lawyers, generals and patriots of King William's days: named Lord Somers". For the later eighteenth-century Whig politician, Edmund Burke, Somers was of the "Old Whigs" whom he admired against the New Whigs who supported the French Revolution. Burke wrote: "I never desire to be thought a better whig than Lord Somers". The Whig historian Thomas Macaulay, writing in the nineteenth century, held Somers in high esteem:

...the greatest man among the members of the Junto, and in some respects, the greatest man of that age, was the Lord Keeper Somers. He was equally eminent as a jurist and as a politician, as an orator, and as a writer. His speeches have perished; but his State papers remain, and are models of terse, luminous, and dignified eloquence. He had left a great reputation in the House of Commons, where he had, for four years, been always heard with delight; and the Whig members still looked up to him as their leader, and still held their meetings under his roof. ... In truth, he united all the qualities of a great judge, an intellect comprehensive, quick and acute, diligence, integrity, patience, suavity. In council, the calm wisdom, which he possessed in a measure rarely found among men of parts so quick and of opinions so decided as his, acquired for him the authority of an oracle. ... From the beginning to the end of his public life he was a steady Whig.

A fire at the law offices of Charles Yorke in Lincoln's Inn Square on 27 January 1752 destroyed a large amount of Somers's surviving private papers.

The Town of Somers, Connecticut was incorporated in 1734 by the General Court of Massachusetts and named for Somers.

Notes

See also
 List of presidents of the Royal Society

References
R. M. Adams, 'In search of Baron Somers', in Perez Zagorin (ed.), Culture and Politics from Puritanism to the Enlightenment (University of California Press, 1980), pp. 165–93.
J. C. D. Clark, Reflections on the Revolution in France. A Critical Edition (Stanford University Press, 2001).
Stuart Handley, 'Somers,  John, Baron Somers  (1651–1716)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, May 2008, accessed 6 June 2009.
Henry Horwitz, Parliament, policy and politics in the reign of William III (Manchester University Press, 1977).
Michael Landon, The Triumph of the Lawyers. Their Role in English Politics, 1678–1689 (University of Alabama Press, 1970).
Thomas Babington Macaulay, The History of England from the Accession of James the Second. Popular Edition in Two Volumes. (London: Longmans, 1889).
William L. Sachse, Lord Somers. A Political Portrait (Manchester University Press, 1975)

Further reading
Richard Cooksey, Essay on the Life and Character of John Lord Somers (1791).
Henry Maddock, Account of the Life and Writings of Lord-Chancellor Somers (1812).
John Oldmixon, Memoirs of the Life of John, Lord Somers (1716).
L. G. Schwoerer, The Declaration of Rights, 1689 (1981).

External links

1651 births
1716 deaths
People educated at King's School, Worcester
People educated at Queen Mary's Grammar School
Alumni of Trinity College, Oxford
Attorneys General for England and Wales
Barons in the Peerage of England
Peers of England created by William III
Lord chancellors of England
Lord High Stewards
Lord Presidents of the Council
Members of the Privy Council of England
Presidents of the Royal Society
Fellows of the Royal Society
English MPs 1689–1690
Members of the Middle Temple
English MPs 1690–1695
Members of the Parliament of England for Worcester
Whig members of the pre-1707 English Parliament
Impeached British officials


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Who from Banburyshire has been sentenced in court?
The following cases were heard at Oxford Magistrates' Court:
Dragomir Nutu, 28, of Beatrice Drive, Banbury pleaded guilty to four cases of theft of pork loins totalling 112.6 kilos in weight and also 25 litres of diesel from his employers, DB Foods Ltd. Nutu was ordered to undertake 100 hours unpaid work for each offence. He was also ordered to pay compensation of £292.58, a victim surcharge of £85 and court costs of £85.
Oxford Magistrates Court. NNL-190219-182826009
Aaron Joines, 31, of Rochester Way, Twyford, Adderbury pleaded guilty to possession of cocaine and cannabis in Banbury on February 6. He was fined £100 in each count and was ordered to pay a £30 victim surcharge and £40 court costs. The drugs were forfeited and destroyed. Joines was fined a further £100 for offending while under a suspended sentence imposed by Banbury magistrates in July 2017 for theft and handling stolen goods.
The Banburyshire mother of a secondary school aged child was given a conditional discharge and ordered to pay a £20 victim surcharge for failing to ensure the child attended The Warriner School regularly between September and December 2018.
A Banbury mother was fined £110 and ordered to pay a victim surcharge of £30 with court costs of £176 for failing to send her child to her school, North Oxfordshire Academy, between September and December 2018.
Jemma Goater, 48, of The Plantation, Cropredy pleaded guilty to drink driving in an Audi car in Williamscote Lane, Cropredy on March 14. She had 118 microgrammes of alcohol in 100 millilitres of breath. Goater was disqualified from driving for 28 months and was ordered to work 120 hours of unpaid work. She was also ordered to pay a victim surcharge of £85 and £85 court costs.
Nicola Bee, 37, of Forgeway, Banbury pleaded guilty to drink driving in a Renault Clio in Ferriston, Banbury on March 8. Bee had 130 microgrammes of alcohol in 100 millilitres of breath. She was ordered to undergo treatment for alcohol dependency. She was disqualified for 30 months and ordered to pay an £85 victim surcharge and £85 court costs.
Jack Dennis Locker, 19, of Hampden Close, Banbury pleaded guilty to assaulting a police officer in the execution of his duty in Middleton Road, Banbury on March 10. Locker was fined £200 and ordered to pay compensation of £75 along with a £30 victim surcharge and £85 court costs.
Mark Justin Brain, 49, of Talbot Close, Banbury pleaded guilty to drink driving in a BMW car in The Fairway, Banbury on January 19. He had 42 microgrammes of alcohol in 100 millilitres of breath. Brain was disqualified for 12 months, fined £350 and ordered to pay a £35 victim surcharge and £250 costs.
Jack Storey, 22, of Foxwood Close, Banbury pleaded guilty to sending a message that was grossly offensive or of an indecent, obscene or menacing character. He was ordered to participate in a Building Better Relationships programme and to pay an £85 victim surcharge and £85 costs. A restraining order was also made against Storey.
Sikander Hayat, 46, of Merton Street, Banbury was fined £660 for failing to give information relating to the identification of the driver of a vehicle. He was ordered to pay a £66 victim surcharge and court costs of £85. Hayat's licence was endorsed with six penalty points.
Christopher Michael Orwa, 40, of Moorfield Court, West Street, Banbury was fined £153 for driving a Ford car at 46 mph in a 30mph speed limit in Banbury Road, Oxford on August 19, 2018. Orwa was ordered to pay a £30 victim surcharge and £85 costs and his licence was endorsed with five penalty points.
Kim Spencer, 61, of King's Road, Banbury was fined £660 for failing to give information relating to the identification of the driver of a vehicle. Spencer was ordered to pay £66 victim surcharge and £85 court costs. Her licence was endorsed with six penalty points.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Of all the calls the organisation received in 2016/17, 49% were related to financial health, an 11% increase year-on-yea(YOY), with low income reported as the biggest financial challenge for those working in the automotive industry.
Perhaps the most telling statistic Ben reports is the 78% YOY increase in people asking for help with their mental health and wellbeing. This is a significant statistic for the industry to be aware of and shows there are some very serious challenges being faced by people, impacting directly on businesses and, therefore, the automotive sector as a whole.
This big surge in enquiries to Ben about mental health has also perhaps been driven by increased awareness about these issues in the news and by our own awareness campaign, Hats on 4 mental health, which launched last year. Ben's mental health campaign (including Hats on 4 mental health day) is running again this year from October to December. As part of the campaign and to directly address these findings, Ben will launch a new programme of mental health training for the automotive industry. So, watch this space for more information.
During April 2016 to March 2017, the organisation has helped over 3,000 people working in the automotive industry with their financial, social, physical and mental health, which is 14% more than the previous year.
Furthermore, Ben reports 6.5% repeat cases (people requesting help with the same issue more than once) in 2016-17, compared to 32% repeat cases in 2015-16. This is an impressive 25.5% decrease in repeat cases YOY, which shows how the support offered by Ben has helped people to find long-term solutions for their problems. Historically, people kept returning to Ben with the same issues, often because the root cause of the problems wasn't being addressed. This latest set of results show how an increased focus on providing the relevant help, support and preventative advice produces meaningful and sustainable results for people. This is backed up by the feedback received from people who have been supported.
Thanks to the continued support from both companies and individuals in the industry, Ben's fundraising income increased by 10% on the previous year. These additional funds will be used to further develop our support services for the industry.


This entry was posted in My 'Using the TL' Story and tagged foreign language teaching, Instructional strategies, spanish teachers, teaching foreign language, using the target language by Señor Howard. Bookmark the permalink.
I just wanted to thank you for your wonderful blog! I'm developing a Spanish 1 course for teachers who want to focus on proficiency and global PBI, and your blog is a fabulous resource for them. I'm looking forward to the next installment.


The second round of the Norcea Women's Beach Volleyball Olympic qualifiers was officially launched last night at the Hermosa Cove in Ocho Rios, where Jamaican contenders will continue their quest for a spot in the 2016 Rio Olympics. The tournament brings together 12 countries in the three days event which serves off tomorrow morning and end on Sunday. The draw will take place this evening.


Edna's story represents just one of over 200 unique artist centered journeys within our membership. At the heart of Edna's story is a search for her own people — I'm sure as artists and art lovers we can all relate to how important it is to have our own chosen artistic family. As DVAA continues to develop, we hope to ensure that our space is accessible to a wide array of stories, just like Edna's. This year we are focusing our largest annual fundraising campaign on two areas that we hope will provide more access to our community and richer, deeper and more fulfilling engagement. By December 31, 2018 we hope to raise a total of $7,025 to launch our Membership Enrichment Program and grow our Open Dialogue Series.
Our Membership Enrichment Program will offer subsidized memberships to under-resourced artists, providing them with access to our brilliant community of makers, creatives and art-lovers ($65 per membership). It will also subsidize show entry fees to these under-resourced artist members, enabling them to submit to juried and membership shows at low or no cost. Access for one artist per year costs $120, including 6 show entry fees at $20 a piece.
If we meet our fundraising goal, in 2019 we can provide our popular Open Dialogue program, led by artist and DVAA Exhibitions Manager Bryant Girsch, every single month. This program provides a platform for our members to receive direct feedback from their peers on their artistic practice in a constructive, productive and informal environment.
I hope that you'll consider joining us on these ventures to revitalize and grow the capacity in which Da Vinci Art Alliance serves our artists and patrons. Your contribution of any size will directly support Philadelphia artists by creating space for our artists to learn from one-another and ensuring that our doors are open and truly accessible to all.
Please note: Our website takes a 3% processing fee of all transactions and donations.


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text:
La stazione di Blackheath è una stazione ferroviaria situata nel tratto in comune della ferrovia di Bexleyheath e della ferrovia del Kent settentrionale, a servizio del quartiere di Blackheath nel borgo londinese di Lewisham.

Storia
Gran parte della stazione originale, che risale al 1849 a livello di binari e al 1879 a livello di biglietteria, rimane ancora oggi. Fu costruita utilizzando i tipici "mattoni di Londra" su progetto di George Smith, progettista anche della stazione di Greenwich.

Incidenti
Il 16 dicembre 1864, sei vagoni di una risanatrice provenienti da Charlton si staccarono dalla parte posteriore e furono investiti da un treno passeggeri espresso proveniente da Maidstone, distruggendo il treno. Cinque addetti della risanatrice rimasero uccisi nella collisione e molti passeggeri rimasero feriti; un sesto addetto e il fuochista del treno passeggeri morirono in seguito per le ferite riportate.

Movimento
Blackheath è un nodo ferroviario con servizi ferroviari suburbani operati da Southeastern.

Interscambi
Nelle vicinanze della stazione effettuano fermata alcune linee automobilistiche urbane, gestite da London Buses.

  Fermata autobus

Note

Altri progetti

Blackheath

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


I am very sorry to say that one of my students had his PA system and bass rig stolen recently. The value of all the stolen equipment was well over $10,000. It was all stolen from his trailer in his driveway. Another friend lost all of his career related gear (guitars, amps, computer, textbooks from GIT) in an apartment fire a few years ago. And we've all heard stories about the musicians who suffered in the wake of Hurricane Katrina, and the benefit concerts that were given so that their instruments could be replaced.
So here's a question for you…what would happen if your music equipment was stolen, lost in a fire, or destroyed in a natural disaster? How would you replace it? Since you make your income from music, homeowners and renters insurance won't pay out to replace your equipment. I've had too many friends and co-workers who have learned this lesson the hard way!


text:
Research conducted by UCSB scientists shows that the evolution of complex bioluminescent traits may be predictable
By Julie Cohen
Swordtip squid (Uroteuthis edulis), a Japanese species used for sushi.
SABRINA PANKEY
Hawaiian bobtail squid (Euprymna scolopes).
Todd_Oakley_2014.jpg
Todd Oakley, professor and vice chair in UCSB's Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology.
A longstanding question among scientists is whether evolution is predictable. A team of researchers from UC Santa Barbara may have found a preliminary answer. The genetic underpinnings of complex traits in cephalopods may in fact be predictable because they evolved in the same way in two distinct species of squid.
Last, year, UCSB professor Todd Oakley and then-Ph.D. student Sabrina Pankey profiled bioluminescent organs in two species of squid and found that while they evolved separately, they did so in a remarkably similar manner. Their findings are published today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science.
Oakley, professor and vice chair of UCSB's Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, and Pankey, now a postdoctoral scholar at the University of New Hampshire, leveraged advances in sequencing technology and cutting-edge genomic tools to test predictability in the evolution of biological light production.
They chose to work with the Hawaiian bobtail squid (Euprymna scolopes) and the swordtip squid (Uroteuthis edulis), a Japanese species used for sushi. These distantly related species are two of five genera known to have bioluminescent organs called photophores. The photophores contain symbiotic, light-emitting bacteria, and the squid are capable of controlling the aperture of their organ to modulate how much light is produced.
The scientists wanted to know how similar the two species' photophores are in terms of their genetic makeup. To find the answer, they sequenced all of the genes expressed in these light organs, something that could not be done using older sequencing technology.
"They are much more similar than we expected in terms of their genetic makeup," Oakley said. "Usually when two complicated organs evolve separately we would expect them to take very different evolutionary paths to arrive where they are today. The unexpectedly similar genetic makeup demonstrates that these two squid species took very similar paths to evolve these traits."
More specifically, the researchers demonstrated that bioluminescent organs originated repeatedly during squid evolution and then showed that the global gene expression profiles (transcriptomes) underlying those organs are strikingly — even predictably — similar. To confirm their hypothesis and findings, Oakley and Pankey enlisted the assistance of statisticians from the University of Washington and UCLA, who developed new statistical methods to test the idea of convergent (separately evolved) origins.
"I did find some individual genes that were counter to the main pattern, which means we can no longer study just one gene anymore in order to test these questions about the genetic basis of convergence," said Pankey. "We're at the point now where we need to — and can — study all of them."
Some previous experiments have indicated that these squid use their bioluminescent capabilities for camouflage, as counterintuitive as that may seem. "If you imagine lying on your back in the deep ocean and looking up, almost all the light comes from straight above," Oakley explained. "There's no structure like walls or trees to reflect the light, so if there's something above you, it's going to cast a shadow. The squid can produce light that then matches the light from behind them so it blocks their shadow to a viewer below, which is a type of camouflage."
The team's results demonstrate that the evolution of overall gene expression underlying convergent complex traits may be predictable. This finding is unexpected and could indicate unusually strong constraints: The probability of complex organs evolving multiple times with similar trajectories should be vanishingly small, noted Oakley. Yet the team's novel bioinformatic approaches indicate the evolution of convergent phenotypes is associated with the convergent expression of thousands of genes.
"These results have broad implications for workers in the fields of evolution, genetics, genomics/bioinformatics, biomaterials, symbiosis, invertebrate zoology and evolutionary development," Oakley concluded.
julie.cohen@ucsb.edu
convergent evolution
bioluminescent organs
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text:
Bibliography on English-speaking Quebec
by Brendan O'Donnell
Whispers of the Unspeakable: New York and Montreal Newspaper Coverage of the Oscar Wilde Trials in 1895
Robinson, Greg (Author)
The author focuses on the specific language of North American newspaper reports of British playwright Oscar Wilde's 1895 trial for "gross indecency." The author believes that looked at from a distance and from places less emotionally attached to and nationally distinct from the scandal's epicenter in London, England, provides insight into "the state of everyday public knowledge and discussion of (homo)sexuality, at least west of the Atlantic." The author's research, which involves numerous newspapers -- from the elite New York Times to the New York Herald, from the Montreal Daily Star and the Quebec Daily Mercury to such French-language papers as La Presse, La Patrie, and La Minerve -- concludes that the popular press, read transnationally, offers key insights into the developing attitudes toward and levels of interest in the newly forming identity of the "homosexual" across societies.
Journal of Transnational American Studies
http://escholarship.org/uc/item/74n7c590#page-1
Originally published in the French-language journal Rue des Beaux Arts, vol. 24 (2010).
Robinson, Greg. "Whispers of the Unspeakable: New York and Montreal Newspaper Coverage of the Oscar Wilde Trials in 1895." Journal of Transnational American Studies Vol. 6, no. 1 (2015): 1–17. http://escholarship.org/uc/item/74n7c590#page-1.
http://quescren.concordia.ca/en/resource/8SI598Z5
Arts/Culture/Media
Newspapers/Journalism
Website produced by the Quebec English-Speaking Communities Research Network (QUESCREN), Concordia University:
Online interface created through a partnership of QUESCREN and ETRC:
Support for this online bibliography was provided by:
Bibliography content © Brendan O'Donnell, All Rights Reserved.


text:
Woodside Energy competes with FFI to lead green H2 project in New Zealand
The Manapōuri Power Station in Southland, New Zealand. Source: Southern Green Hydrogen.
Woodside Energy Group Ltd (ASX:WDS) and Fortescue Future Industries (FFI), both based in Australia, are the two finalists in the competitive process to select the lead developer of the Southern Green Hydrogen project in New Zealand.
Woodside Energy and the green energy business of mining giant Fortescue Metals Group Ltd (ASX:FMG) are now expected to make more detailed proposals by the end of August so that the final selection can be unveiled soon after, according to an announcement on Monday.
Southern Green Hydrogen is a joint project in Southland, New Zealand, by two competitors in the local market, namely Meridian Energy Ltd (NZE:MEL) and Contact Energy Ltd (NZE:CEN). The project revolves around the evaluation of the opportunity to produce green hydrogen in the area.
A total of four participants in the competitive process were engaged in a request for proposals (RFP) earlier this year to identify early-stage business plans and cases for a 600-MW production facility in Southland. A Japanese consortium of Mitsui & Co Ltd and Eneos, as well as gases and engineering specialist BOC, which is a Linde company, were the two participants that got eliminated in the prior round.
"This is a complex project in a relatively new global market, and both the final counterparties have given us confidence that an economic project is achievable. Both have demonstrated that global markets for green hydrogen and green ammonia are imminent, and both are engaged in discussions with customers about buying the large volumes that the Southland plant will produce," said Neal Barclay, CEO of Meridian Energy.
Contact Energy's own CEO, Mike Fuge, noted that both Woodside Energy and FFI have mapped realistic pathways for taking the project to commercial operation.
Murihiku Regeneration, representing both Murihiku Runaka and Ngai Tahu interests, will take part in the next stage of the process to make sure that the best possible outcome is achieved for both the community and the nation as a whole.
Oracle signs up potential customer for Pakistani hydrogen project
SGH2 gets nod for "greener-than-green" hydrogen plant in California
Nine hydrogen valley projects get EUR 105.4m of EU funding
EU plans pilot green hydrogen auction in autumn 2023
PNE, Omnia join forces to produce green ammonia in S Africa
Australia, Netherlands sign MoU on green hydrogen
Author Ivan Shumkov
Business Capacity
Electricity Generation Energy/Utilities
Ivan Shumkov
Ivan is the mergers and acquisitions expert in Renewables Now with a passion for big deals and ambitious capacity plans.


Can Too is the proud fitness partner of The March Charge for the fourth year.
Can Too is a non-profit training program that's professionally coached 15,000+ people just like you for running and challenge events who've fundraised $20,000,000 + for cancer research and prevention.
Can Too training programs run on the simple values of "fun, fitness, friends and fundraising". Every group is guided by an experienced and qualified running coach, supported by volunteer Team Captain and Mentors who've been in your shoes before as first-time runners and fundraisers, now giving back by supporting you through your fitness and fundraising journey.


text:
Darreh Yās (persiska: رود وار, دَرِّه ياس) är en ort i Iran.   Den ligger i provinsen Chahar Mahal och Bakhtiari, i den centrala delen av landet,  km söder om huvudstaden Teheran. Darreh Yās ligger  meter över havet och antalet invånare är .

Terrängen runt Darreh Yās är kuperad åt nordost, men åt sydväst är den bergig. Den högsta punkten i närheten är  meter över havet,  km sydväst om Darreh Yās. Runt Darreh Yās är det ganska glesbefolkat, med  invånare per kvadratkilometer. Närmaste större samhälle är Ardal,  km nordost om Darreh Yās. Trakten runt Darreh Yās består i huvudsak av gräsmarker.

Årsmedeltemperaturen i trakten är  °C. Den varmaste månaden är augusti, då medeltemperaturen är  °C, och den kallaste är januari, med  °C. Genomsnittlig årsnederbörd är  millimeter. Den regnigaste månaden är december, med i genomsnitt  mm nederbörd, och den torraste är juni, med  mm nederbörd.

Kommentarer

Källor

Orter i Chahar Mahal och Bakhtiari


Brand new pair of Adidas Falcon Chunky womens trainers(also suitable for men at their own discretion but please note the US size conversion shown is womens'). Adidas Falcon trainers featuring a black textile mesh upper with premium suede leather overlays.
Adidas branding on the tongue and side 100% genuine adidas trainers. The item "Adidas Falcon Chunky Black Light Granite Grey Pink Womens Trainers BB9173" is in sale since Wednesday, June 6, 2018. This item is in the category "Clothes, Shoes & Accessories\Women's Shoes\Trainers". The seller is "inthecloset80" and is located in LONDON. This item can be shipped worldwide.


Flex-Flash® Thru Wall/Surface Mount Flashing is a 40-mil thick product formulated with Elvaloy® Kee*. It does not drool and combines the best features of other types of flashing, making it a truly superior product.
Typical "peel-and-stick" flashings have a black, rubberized-asphalt component that can "drool" or leach out of the building in warm temperatures if not precisely installed, leaving unsightly marks that are difficult to remove. Flex-Flash® has a pressure-sensitive, clear adhesive that will not drool when exposed to UV or heat. Flex-Flash® may be used in thru-wall or surface-mount applications.
Flex-Flash® should be extended beyond the wall face and cut flush with the brick.
Optional Drip Plates may be used to effectively guide moisture to the exterior.
For maximum protection against moisture infiltration, specify the complete Flex-Flash® Flashing System, comprised of Flex-Flash®, Mortar Net™, Drip Plates and Termination Bar.
* Elvaloy is a registered trademark of the DuPont Company.
At various locations in a wall system the thru-wall flashing and a construction sealant are used together to form a weather-tight seal, i.e. relief angles, soft joints, door and window perimeters. Flex-Flash® has been tested for adhesion and compatibility by various sealant manufacturers (see below). In all cases, the sealant manufacturer's application procedure should be followed and they recommend that field adhesion testing should be continued throughout all stages of the project.
NOTE: When using with insulation, please verify the compatibility with the manufacturer.


text:
Q: null value in findcontrol of gridview, item template confusion I have Template Field for gridview as below:
<asp:TemplateField ShowHeader="False">
            <EditItemTemplate>
            <asp:TextBox ID="txtEmpName" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>
                <asp:TextBox ID="txtBonus" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>
                <asp:TextBox ID="txtID" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>
            </EditItemTemplate>
                    <EditItemTemplate>
                        <asp:LinkButton ID="LinkButton1" runat="server" CausesValidation="True"
                            CommandName="Update" Text="Update"></asp:LinkButton>
                         <asp:LinkButton ID="LinkButton2" runat="server" CausesValidation="False"
                            CommandName="Cancel" Text="Cancel"></asp:LinkButton>
                    </EditItemTemplate>
                    <ItemTemplate>
                        <asp:LinkButton ID="LinkButton1" runat="server" CausesValidation="False"
                            CommandName="Edit" Text="Edit"></asp:LinkButton>

                    </ItemTemplate>
                </asp:TemplateField>

When i am in gv_RowUpdating event, i wanted to take the value of edited field by findcontrol.
For that i am using following code:
`TextBox txtUname = (TextBox)gv.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("txtEmpName");`

But each time it is showing me null value in txtUname when i debug the code.
What can be the problem?
Full Event Code:
 protected void gv_RowUpdating(object sender, GridViewUpdateEventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {

                TextBox txtUname = (TextBox)gv.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("txtEmpName");

                float bonus = float.Parse(gv.DataKeys[e.RowIndex].Values["bonus"].ToString());

                try
                {
                    cmd = new SqlCommand("update emp set empName=@eName");
                    cmd.parameters.AddParametersWithValue("@eName",txtUname.Text);
                    cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
            }

        }

EDIT
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

            con = new SqlConnection("Data Source=192.168.51.71;Initial Catalog=WebBasedNewSoft;User ID=sa;password=prabhu");

            BindGrid();
        }
        private void BindGrid()
        {
            try
            {
                da = new SqlDataAdapter("select * from emp", con);
                DataSet ds = new DataSet();
                da.Fill(ds);
                GridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables[0];
                GridView1.DataBind();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
            }
        }
        protected void GridView1_RowUpdating(object sender, GridViewUpdateEventArgs e)
        {
            int index = GridView1.EditIndex;

            GridViewRow row = GridView1.Rows[index];

            string eName = ((TextBox)row.Cells[2].Controls[0]).Text.ToString().Trim();

            try
            {
                con.Open();
                cmd = new SqlCommand("update emp set empName='"+eName+"'",con);
                cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                con.Close();
            }
            catch(Exception ex)
            {
            }

        }

        protected void GridView1_RowEditing(object sender, GridViewEditEventArgs e)
        {
            GridView1.EditIndex = e.NewEditIndex;
            BindGrid();
        }
    }

A: refer this
http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/37207/Editable-Gridview-with-Textbox-CheckBox-Radio-Butt
also put your code for Edit command. it might be RowEditing or RowCommand

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: iOS custom UTI in UIDocumentPickerViewController initWithDocumentTypes I am trying to open .obj files from iCloud drive in my app throw UIDocumentPickerViewController. I could't find standart UTi for .obj files. So, using this https://developer.apple.com/library/content/qa/qa1587/_index.html I try to add support of this file-extension for my app.
there is info.plist sections :
<key>CFBundleDocumentTypes</key>
<array>
    <dict>
        <key>CFBundleTypeIconFiles</key>
        <array>
            <string>arrow1</string>
        </array>
        <key>CFBundleTypeName</key>
        <string>OBJ model</string>
        <key>CFBundleTypeRole</key>
        <string>Editor</string>
        <key>LSHandlerRank</key>
        <string>Owner</string>
        <key>LSItemContentTypes</key>
        <array>
            <string>com.giena.Interface.obj</string>
        </array>
    </dict>
</array>

<key>UTExportedTypeDeclarations</key>
<array>
    <dict>
        <key>UTTypeConformsTo</key>
        <array>
            <string>public.data</string>
        </array>
        <key>UTTypeDescription</key>
        <string>OBJ model</string>
        <key>UTTypeIdentifier</key>
        <string>com.giena.Interface.obj</string>
        <key>UTTypeSize320IconFile</key>
        <string>arrow1</string>
        <key>UTTypeSize64IconFile</key>
        <string>arrow1</string>
        <key>UTTypeTagSpecification</key>
        <dict>
            <key>public.filename-extension</key>
            <array>
                <string>obj</string>
            </array>
        </dict>
    </dict>
</array>

and there is UIDocumentPickerViewController call:
 UIDocumentPickerViewController *documentPicker = [[UIDocumentPickerViewController alloc] initWithDocumentTypes:@[@"public.text"]     inMode:UIDocumentPickerModeOpen];
    documentPicker.delegate = self;
    documentPicker.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationFormSheet;
    [self presentViewController:documentPicker animated:YES completion:nil];

When i am running app, i see popup view for file choosing, but .obj files is grey and not-selectable. What am i doing wrong?

A: You should use your custom UTI in the list of document types:
UIDocumentPickerViewController *documentPicker =[[UIDocumentPickerViewController alloc] initWithDocumentTypes:@[@"com.giena.Interface.obj"] inMode:UIDocumentPickerModeOpen];

A: You have to put something like this:
<key>CFBundleDocumentTypes</key>
<array>
    <dict>
        <key>CFBundleDocumentTypes</key>
        <array>
            <dict>
                <key>CFBundleTypeIconFiles</key>
                <array/>
                <key>CFBundleTypeName</key>
                <string>OBJ model</string>
                <key>CFBundleTypeRole</key>
                <string>Editor</string>
                <key>LSHandlerRank</key>
                <string>Owner</string>
                <key>LSItemContentTypes</key>
                <array>
                    <string>obj</string>
                </array>
            </dict>
        </array>
        <key>CFBundleTypeIconFiles</key>
        <array/>
        <key>CFBundleTypeName</key>
        <string>Obj file</string>
        <key>LSItemContentTypes</key>
        <array>
            <string>com.giena.Interface.document.obj</string>
        </array>
    </dict>
</array>

and
<key>UTExportedTypeDeclarations</key>
<array>
    <dict>
        <key>UTTypeConformsTo</key>
        <array>
            <string>public.data</string>
        </array>
        <key>UTTypeDescription</key>
        <string>OBJ model</string>
        <key>UTTypeIconFiles</key>
        <array/>
        <key>UTTypeIdentifier</key>
        <string>com.giena.Interface.document.obj</string>
        <key>UTTypeTagSpecification</key>
        <dict>
            <key>public.filename-extension</key>
            <array>
                <string>obj</string>
            </array>
        </dict>
    </dict>
    <dict/>
</array>

Also in your controller you have to put something like this:
let documentPicker = UIDocumentPickerViewController(documentTypes: ["com.giena.Interface.document.obj"], in: .import)

It should work


Winter Shopping – An exciting Fun!
When it comes to shopping, the first thought that strikes into our minds is the cost. But when it comes to winter shopping, offers and deals are at its best. Winters as far as I think is a peak holiday time for the work year calendar. Right from the mark of winters to the end of winters, there are uncountable numbers of festivals and occasions coming up. Diwali, Christmas, New Year, Valentine and many more occasions like cyber Monday, thanks giving, Halloween etc. And when we talk of festival season what comes into my mind is promotional offers. So it wouldn't be wrong to say, that Winter Shopping is an exciting fun.
So lets grab a look on some of the best deals and discounts offered by Online Shopping sites during the season!
Beginning with the Diwali Offer, which is one of the most famous promotional offer, available at every online store. Since the time is a winter-fall season, winter collections are out on most of the online sites. So this is one of the best time to collect all your winter clothing and apparels. In-fact gift your loved once with several items and make the start of their winter amazing.
The Diwali sale is followed by the Thanks Giving and Cyber Monday. Cyber Monday is the time with heaviest sale through online shopping and if you are a freak for shopping the time is definitely in your list for not to be missed one. And when you talk of thanks Giving it is the best time to let your beloved know how precious they are to you. So make someones day special with a thanks giving gifts through online shopping.
With the end of these comes the most awaited occasion, The Christmas Sale. A heavy discounted price is offered on most of the sites including Amazon, eBay etc during the occasion. Also the winters are at its peak during the time, so definitely this is a best time to grab all the stuffs you have been dreaming off to buy at a discounted price. Jackets, Boots, Scarfs, Heels, Shoes what not. In fact Christmas is an excellent time to dress up to your best, so keep shopping and enjoy the festivals to fullest.
Did you miss the Christmas Sale? Yes, no need to worry any more, what is more exiting is the After Christmas Sale feature on Sites like Amazon. You can now keep shopping with deals and offers even after the end of Christmas sales. That simply means no end to shopping! So plan your New year party and dress in your favorite attire, or decorate you home to the fullest, Just keep shopping as there is no end to the sale.
No No wait the sale isn't over yet. Send your Valentine with a perfect pair of gift with the Valentine day sale. In-fact make the week precious for your beloved with daily deals by sending gifts to her/him. I am sure with the list of all the sales you will agree to the point Winter sale is an exciting fun. So Keep shopping and Be a Shopaholic with the winter sales!


text:
Q: Checkbox Action Event Looking for some help with checkbox(switch type) that I have put in PHP.
These checkbox are created dynamically with data received from a MySQL Database.
The checkbox is loaded on the page depending on the condition of the checkbox placed on the database.
Now, I need help to build a code that perform some action like writing back into another database table everytime this checkbox is actioned; i.e. its inital state can be :checked or left blank(unchecked) and each of these checkbox have an ID or value on them from database. But any action that takes place either from blank to :checked or from :checked to blank, it needs to trigger an action for that particular actioned checkbox only.
Would need help on this as PHP please.
My Code Looks like this for a checkbox:
echo "<input type='checkbox' class='input-swtoggle' name='switch-box' ";
$lightStatus = $row->light_status;
if ($lightStatus == "1") {
   echo "checked>";
}
else{
   echo ">";
}

PS: I did try alot Googling and on Stackoverflow, but none of them are helping for the above condition.

A: You can bind click event to the checkbox using .on()
$(function(){
  $(document).on('click',"input:checkbox.input-swtoggle",function() {
     alert($(this).is(':checked'));
  });
});

A: <?php
// HTML code
$checkced = ($row->light_status == '1') ? 'checked="checked"' : '';
echo '<input type="checkbox" class="input-swtoggle" name="switchbox[]"' . $checkced . '/>';
// Code after form posted:
if (! empty($_POST['switchbox'])) {
  foreach ($_POST['switchbox'] as $switch) {
        // Apply your logic here.
    }
}
?>


text:
Q: The particles are blurry on a mobile screen or when i zoom in it's hosted on github https://github.com/JulianLaval/canvas-particle-network
the particles are so blurry when i zoom in or on mobile screen

// particle.min.js hosted on GitHub
// Scroll down for initialisation code

! function(a) {
  var b = "object" == typeof self && self.self === self && self || "object" == typeof global && global.global === global && global;
  "function" == typeof define && define.amd ? define(["exports"], function(c) {
    b.ParticleNetwork = a(b, c)
  }) : "object" == typeof module && module.exports ? module.exports = a(b, {}) : b.ParticleNetwork = a(b, {})
}(function(a, b) {
  var c = function(a) {
    this.canvas = a.canvas, this.g = a.g, this.particleColor = a.options.particleColor, this.x = Math.random() * this.canvas.width, this.y = Math.random() * this.canvas.height, this.velocity = {
      x: (Math.random() - .5) * a.options.velocity,
      y: (Math.random() - .5) * a.options.velocity
    }
  };
  return c.prototype.update = function() {
    (this.x > this.canvas.width + 20 || this.x < -20) && (this.velocity.x = -this.velocity.x), (this.y > this.canvas.height + 20 || this.y < -20) && (this.velocity.y = -this.velocity.y), this.x += this.velocity.x, this.y += this.velocity.y
  }, c.prototype.h = function() {
    this.g.beginPath(), this.g.fillStyle = this.particleColor, this.g.globalAlpha = .7, this.g.arc(this.x, this.y, 1.5, 0, 2 * Math.PI), this.g.fill()
  }, b = function(a, b) {
    this.i = a, this.i.size = {
      width: this.i.offsetWidth,
      height: this.i.offsetHeight
    }, b = void 0 !== b ? b : {}, this.options = {
      particleColor: void 0 !== b.particleColor ? b.particleColor : "#fff",
      background: void 0 !== b.background ? b.background : "#1a252f",
      interactive: void 0 !== b.interactive ? b.interactive : !0,
      velocity: this.setVelocity(b.speed),
      density: this.j(b.density)
    }, this.init()
  }, b.prototype.init = function() {
    if (this.k = document.createElement("div"), this.i.appendChild(this.k), this.l(this.k, {
        position: "absolute",
        top: 0,
        left: 0,
        bottom: 0,
        right: 0,
        "z-index": 1
      }), /(^#[0-9A-F]{6}$)|(^#[0-9A-F]{3}$)/i.test(this.options.background)) this.l(this.k, {
      background: this.options.background
    });
    else {
      if (!/\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|tiff|png)$/i.test(this.options.background)) return console.error("Please specify a valid background image or hexadecimal color"), !1;
      this.l(this.k, {
        background: 'url("' + this.options.background + '") no-repeat center',
        "background-size": "cover"
      })
    }
    if (!/(^#[0-9A-F]{6}$)|(^#[0-9A-F]{3}$)/i.test(this.options.particleColor)) return console.error("Please specify a valid particleColor hexadecimal color"), !1;
    this.canvas = document.createElement("canvas"), this.i.appendChild(this.canvas), this.g = this.canvas.getContext("2d"), this.canvas.width = this.i.size.width, this.canvas.height = this.i.size.height, this.l(this.i, {
      position: "relative"
    }), this.l(this.canvas, {
      "z-index": "20",
      position: "relative"
    }), window.addEventListener("resize", function() {
      return this.i.offsetWidth === this.i.size.width && this.i.offsetHeight === this.i.size.height ? !1 : (this.canvas.width = this.i.size.width = this.i.offsetWidth, this.canvas.height = this.i.size.height = this.i.offsetHeight, clearTimeout(this.m), void(this.m = setTimeout(function() {
        this.o = [];
        for (var a = 0; a < this.canvas.width * this.canvas.height / this.options.density; a++) this.o.push(new c(this));
        this.options.interactive && this.o.push(this.p), requestAnimationFrame(this.update.bind(this))
      }.bind(this), 500)))
    }.bind(this)), this.o = [];
    for (var a = 0; a < this.canvas.width * this.canvas.height / this.options.density; a++) this.o.push(new c(this));
    this.options.interactive && (this.p = new c(this), this.p.velocity = {
      x: 0,
      y: 0
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      this.p.x = a.clientX - this.canvas.offsetLeft, this.p.y = a.clientY - this.canvas.offsetTop
    }.bind(this)), this.canvas.addEventListener("mouseup", function(a) {
      this.p.velocity = {
        x: (Math.random() - .5) * this.options.velocity,
        y: (Math.random() - .5) * this.options.velocity
      }, this.p = new c(this), this.p.velocity = {
        x: 0,
        y: 0
      }, this.o.push(this.p)
    }.bind(this))), requestAnimationFrame(this.update.bind(this))
  }, b.prototype.update = function() {
    this.g.clearRect(0, 0, this.canvas.width, this.canvas.height), this.g.globalAlpha = 1;
    for (var a = 0; a < this.o.length; a++) {
      this.o[a].update(), this.o[a].h();
      for (var b = this.o.length - 1; b > a; b--) {
        var c = Math.sqrt(Math.pow(this.o[a].x - this.o[b].x, 2) + Math.pow(this.o[a].y - this.o[b].y, 2));
        c > 120 || (this.g.beginPath(), this.g.strokeStyle = this.options.particleColor, this.g.globalAlpha = (120 - c) / 120, this.g.lineWidth = .7, this.g.moveTo(this.o[a].x, this.o[a].y), this.g.lineTo(this.o[b].x, this.o[b].y), this.g.stroke())
      }
    }
    0 !== this.options.velocity && requestAnimationFrame(this.update.bind(this))
  }, b.prototype.setVelocity = function(a) {
    return "fast" === a ? 1 : "slow" === a ? .33 : "none" === a ? 0 : .66
  }, b.prototype.j = function(a) {
    return "high" === a ? 5e3 : "low" === a ? 2e4 : isNaN(parseInt(a, 10)) ? 1e4 : a
  }, b.prototype.l = function(a, b) {
    for (var c in b) a.style[c] = b[c]
  }, b
});

// Initialisation

var canvasDiv = document.getElementById('particle-canvas');
var options = {
  particleColor: '#888',
  background: 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/JulianLaval/canvas-particle-network/master/img/demo-bg.jpg',
  interactive: true,
  speed: 'medium',
  density: 'high'
};
var particleCanvas = new ParticleNetwork(canvasDiv, options);
html,
body {
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
}

#particle-canvas {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
}

what can i do to increase the resolution


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Petition Closed
I Support Pennsylvania Attorney General Kathleen Kane
This petition had 1,865 supporters
Pennsylvania Citizens for Kathleen Kane started this petition to Senator Robert P. Casey Jr. and 19 others
To the Members of the Supreme Court Disciplinary Board (and the Representatives of Pennsylvania),
Today, we the people of Pennsylvania, are collectively calling on you, the Supreme Court Disciplinary Board, to step aside and permit the judicial system to play out in the legal case surrounding Attorney General Kathleen Kane. By calling on you to step aside in the matter, we are ultimately requesting for you to grant Attorney General Kathleen Kane her right to a fair trial before making any motion to remove her from her elected position. If you remove Kathleen Kane from the AG position, you are violating her constitutional right to be presumed innocent until proven guilty, and more importantly, you will be nullifying over 3 million votes that were cast in her favor in 2012.
We, the people of Pennsylvania, spoke loud and clear on November 6, 2012 during the Attorney General election. We voted for the person that we, the citizens of Pennsylvania, wanted to be in charge of our more prestigious level of law enforcement. We wanted a non-politician who was ethical, intelligent, a fighter, an outsider of the political world, an ambassador for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, a leader, and most importantly, someone passionate about cleaning up our state. Kathleen Kane was the candidate that we, the citizens of Pennsylvania, overwhelmingly chose as the person we wanted to fulfill those roles. In fact, 3.1 million of us chose her to fulfill the role as our Attorney General. She received more votes in Pennsylvania than President Barack Obama that year because we believed in her and we still do. To suspend Ms. Kane's license and therefore nullify votes would be an injustice to the citizens of Pennsylvania who ventured out to the polls that election day to support someone we truly believed in. We the citizens of Pennsylvania choose our elected officials, the Supreme Court does not.
Kathleen Kane has been an incredible asset to the state of Pennsylvania and has never once lost focus of her main goal; making the streets of PA safer. In her short tenure, she has protected our children by making nearly 300 child predator arrests which is up almost 800% since she took office. She has helped keep drugs off the streets with nearly 3,000 drug arrests which is up almost 40% since she took office. She created a multi-state task force to combat the Commonwealth's heroin trafficking. She has rolled out one of the first mobile crime fighting units in the country which has been so effective that other states are following her lead by doing the same. She has fought to return tens of millions of dollars to Pennsylvania consumers that have been either taken advantage of or have fallen victim to false advertising. In July of 2013, Kathleen Kane was one of the first AG's in the country who made the tough, but very ethical and cost-efficient decision not to defend Pennsylvania's gay marriage ban calling it "wholly unconstitutional". The entire United States of America has since agreed with her belief that the ban was unconstitutional and thus gay marriage has been outright legalized in every single state. These facts are just a sample of the incredible work that she has done on behalf of PA. She has been and still is dedicated to our state law enforcement and she has inspired Pennsylvania citizens to get involved and make a difference within our own communities. For all of this, we are beyond thankful to her and whole heartedly continue to support her.
Again, we, the hardworking and dedicated citizens of Pennsylvania, are calling on the Supreme Court Disciplinary Board to step aside in the matter facing Attorney General Kathleen Kane and allow the courts judicial system to play out. The judicial system was implemented for the purpose of permitting all Americans to exercise their right to a fair trial and to be presumed as innocent until proven guilty. Each signature on this petition represents a citizen of Pennsylvania that requests for the Supreme Court to step aside in the matter. We want the judicial system to be fully utilized in this case, we want to grant Attorney General Kathleen Kane her right to the presumption of innocence until proven otherwise, and most importantly, we do not want our 3.1 million votes for Kathleen Kane to be nullified by the Supreme Court. It is our right to elect our officials and we ask that you respect that by stepping aside and allowing Kathleen Kane her right to due process. The Pennsylvania citizens that are chosen to be part of the jury during this case will make the informed decision as to whether Ms. Kane is guilty or not. The decision they make will be on behalf of all Pennsylvania residents. Please allow us that opportunity. Thank you.
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text:
Престон Фостер (), имя при рождении Престон Стрэттон Фостер () (24 августа 1900 — 14 июля 1970) — американский актёр театра, кино и телевидения, более всего известный ролями в фильмах 1930—1950-х годов.

За время своей кинокарьеры Фостер сыграл в таких значимых фильмах, как «Я — беглый каторжник» (1932), «Две секунды» (1932), «Леди, о которых говорят» (1933), «Зарница» (1934), «Осведомитель» (1935), «Дневник Гуадалканала» (1943), «Роджер Туи, гангстер» (1944), «Долина решимости» (1945), «Я застрелил Джесси Джеймса» (1949) и «Тайны Канзас-Сити» (1952).

На телевидении Фостер играл главную роль в 78 эпизодах телесериала «Порт» (1954-55), а в 1961 году сыграл в 12 эпизодах сериала «Стрелок».

В послевоенные годы Фостер также выступал как эстрадный композитор и певец.

Ранние годы и театральная карьера
Престон Фостер родился 24 августа 1900 года в городе Ошен-Сити, Нью-Джерси, в семье художника, он был старшим из троих детей. С детских лет Фостер выступал в церковном хоре в родном городе. Одарённый, по словам историка кино Хэла Эриксона, «сильным певческим голосом и крепким, мускулистым телом», Фостер стал одним из заметных членов Оперного театра Пенсильвании в Питтсбурге, а в конце 1920-х годов стал играть на бродвейской сцене.

В период с 1929 по 1932 год Фостер сыграл в пяти бродвейских спектаклях, среди которых комедия «Поздравление» (1929), драма «Семь» (1929-30), комедия «Все леди» (1930), драма «Две секунды» (1931) и «У Адама было два сына» (1932).

Карьера в кино в 1929—1967 годах
С 1929 года, параллельно с бродвейской карьерой, Фостер начал сниматься в кино, а в 1932 году переехал в Голливуд, чтобы полностью посвятить себя кинематографу. Первоначально Фостер играл отрицательных персонажей, таких как бунтующий заключённый камеры смертников в фильме «Последняя миля» (1932). В том же году Фостер сыграл в классической драме о заключённых «Я — беглый каторжник» (1932) с Полом Муни в главной роли. Одной из первых значимых работ Фостера стала также роль лучшего друга главного героя в криминальной мелодраме «Две секунды» (1932), которую годом ранее он исполнял в бродвейской постановке. При оценке фильма кинообозреватель Мордант Холл в «Нью-Йорк Таймс» отметил исполнителя главной роли Эдварда Г. Робинсона, который «создаёт потрясающе сильный образ», при этом высоко оценив и игру других актёров, включая Фостера. В криминальной мелодраме «Леди, о которых говорят» (1933) Фостер сыграл влиятельного проповедника и борца с коррупцией, который влюбляется в преступницу в исполнении Барбары Стэнвик. Как отметил обозреватель «Нью-Йорк Таймс» Андре Сеннвальд, «Стэнвик и Фостер умело исполняют главные роли, однако в самой их истории очень мало правдоподобия». В криминальной мелодраме «Зарница» (1934) он сыграл главную мужскую роль грабителя и убийцы, у которого когда-то был роман с главной героиней. Год спустя Фостер выдал «сильную игру в сложной роли предводителя ирландских повстанцев» в исторической драме Джона Форда «Осведомитель» (1935). Фостер не менее реалистично сыграл «рычащего, бросившего семью гангстера, который любыми средствами стремится добиться условно-досрочного освобождения», в криминальной мелодраме «Враг народа» (1935).

Помимо криминальных картин Фостер играл заметные роли и в фильмах других жанров. В частности, он исполнил главную амбициозного кузнеца, ставшего гладиатором, в исторической мелодраме «Гибель Помпеи» (1935). Как написал историк кино Джей С. Стейнберг, фильм «был сделан в период пика голливудской карьеры Фостера, и он выдал достойную работу в качестве главного героя, чей постоянный поиск искупления в конце концов достигает своей цели». Он также сыграл роль конкурента и коллегу, а также романтического партнёра главной героини в биографической драме о женщине-снайпере «Энни Окли» (1935). Андре Сеннвалд в «Нью-Йорк Таймс» высоко оценил актёрскую игру в фильме, написав, что «Стэнвик великолепна в заглавной роли, это её самая сильная игра за долгое время», а «Фостер столь же убедителен в роли не реализовавшего себя Тоби Уокера». Фостер также запомнился исполнением главной роли «героического офицера американской армии» в вестерне «Джеронимо» (1940).

Во время Второй мировой войны Фостер служил в Береговой охране США, где дослужился до звания капитана, а позднее получил почётный ранг командора Береговой охраны. В 1943 году Фостер запомнился в роли «смиренного капеллана с мягким голосом», который по-отечески проводит службу для морских пехотинцев перед атакой на Тихоокеанском фронте в военной драме «Дневник Гуадалканала» (1943). Год спустя вышла биографическая драма «Роджер Туи, гангстер» (1944), в которой Фостер сыграл заглавную роль знаменитого гангстера. Этот фильм, съёмки которого были завершены в 1942 году, по словам Эриксона, «с трудом оказался на экране лишь после того, как был серьёзно порезан и перемонтирован по требованию как ФБР, так и офиса Хейса», и всё равно получил очень ограниченный прокат.

В послевоенный период карьера Фостера пошла на спад. Он снялся в низкобюджетном фильме нуар «Преследуемая» (1948) в роли детектива полиции, который арестовывает свою возлюбленную по обвинению в ограблении, а после её выхода на свободу снова устраивает на неё охоту, подозревая в убийстве. Как написал историк кино Артур Лайонс, «одержимость копа своей бывшей подружкой предвосхищает тему сталкеров, которая станет более чем знакомой по новостным заголовкам сорок лет спустя». Год спустя вышел коммерчески успешный вестерн Сэмюэла Фуллера «Я застрелил Джесси Джеймса» (1949), который рассказывал о жизни Роберта Форда после того, как тот застрелил Джесси Джеймса. У Форда возникло соперничество из-за женщины с неким Джоном Келли (его сыграл Фостер), который в итоге и убил Форда.

Наконец, в отличном фильме нуар «Тайны Канзас-Сити» (1952) Фостер сыграл уволенного капитана полиции, который разрабатывает изощрённый план мести своим бывшим коллегам, рассчитывая ограбить банк, присвоить украденные деньги, уничтожить нанятых им грабителей и «раскрыть» ограбление, посрамив департамент полиции. Босли Краузер в «Нью-Йорк Таймс» невысоко оценил картину, отметив, что «Нэвилл Брэнд, Джек Элам и Престон Фостер не сияют в своих ролях, а смотрятся как тусклые представители мира жестокости, которая наполняет и разъедает этот жалкий фильм». С другой стороны, современный кинокритик Крейг Батлер высоко оценил актёрскую игру в фильме, написав, что режиссёру «Карлсону помогают его актёры, где Престон Фостер и Ли Ван Клиф великолепны в ролях плохих парней, а восхитительная Колин Грэй ужасно привлекательна в качестве хорошей девушки». В фильме нуар по роману Микки Спиллейна «Суд — это я» (1953) Фостер сыграл капитана отдела убийств, близко знакомого с частным детективом Майком Хаммером. Каждый из них ведёт расследование убийства армейского товарища Хаммера, при этом капитан помогает Майку, но пытается удержать его от самосуда. Хотя сам фильм был воспринят критикой скорее негативно, тем не менее актёрская игра, кроме исполнителя главной роли, получила высокую оценку. Так, по мнению обозревателя «Нью-Йорк Таймс» Говарда Томпсона, хотя назначение Биффа Элиота на роль Майка Хаммера было ошибкой, тем не менее «Престон Фостер, Пегги Кастл, Маргарет Шеридан, Алан Рид и Джон Куолен стараются изо всех сил». Современный киновед Дэвид Хоган выделил среди актёрского состава «Престона Фостера в роли невероятно услужливого копа», Майкл Кини также отметил Фостера в роли детектива отдела убийств, который «пытается удерживать Эллиота в рамках».

Музыкальная карьера
В 1948 году Фостер в качестве композитора и певца создал вместе с женой Шейлой Дарси и гитаристом Джином Лейсом музыкальное трио, с которым выступал на радио и в клубах.

Карьера на телевидении
На протяжении 1954—1955 годов Фостер играл главную роль шкипера буксира, любителя приключений и семьянина, капитана Джона Хэррика в 78 эпизодах популярного телесериала «Порт». В 1961 году вышло 12 эпизодов вестерна «Стрелок», где Фостер играл главную роль командующего гарнизоном, капитана Закари Вингейта, которому подчиняется молодой агент, осуществляющий под видом независимого стрелка правосудие на вверенной капитану территории.

Актёрское амплуа и анализ творчества
Фостер был, по словам «Нью-Йорк Таймс», настоящим «голливудским профессионалом, про которого режиссёры говорили, что работать с ним одно удовольствие». В 1930-е годы он был хорошо знаком кинозрителям, а в 1950-е годы — телезрителям, когда играл шкипера буксира капитана Джона в сериале «Порт». Здоровый и темноволосый, ростом 190 см и весом 90 килограммов, Фостер, казалось, идеально подходил на любую роль, которая связана с приключениями или демонстрацией человеческой выносливости — это могли быть и гладиаторские арены древних Помпей, и территория войны с индейцами на американском Западе, и тропические джунгли южной части Тихого океана во время Второй мировой войны. Играя на протяжении более чем двух десятилетий как героев, так и злодеев, «он был в равной степени на своём месте как в роли детективов, которые преследуют преступников, так и в роли преступников, которых преследуют детективы», но чаще ему приходилось играть отрицательные роли. Когда его однажды спросили, не возражает ли он против того, чтобы играть отрицательных персонажей, таких как его герой во «Враге народа», Фостер ответил: «Я нет, но моя мама возражает. Каждый раз, когда я играю такую роль, она пишет: "Это была хорошая картина, Престон, но обязательно ли тебе играть такие роли?"».

Личная жизнь
С 1925 по 1945 год Фостер был женат на актрисе Гертруде Уоррен, в 1939 году они удочерили девочку Стефани. Через год после развода, в 1946 году Фостер женился на актрисе Шейле Дарси. Их брак продлился в течение 24 лет вплоть до его смерти.

Смерть
Престон Фостер умер 14 июля 1970 года в Ла-Холья после продолжительной болезни в возрасте 69 лет.

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Review: BEN IS BACK (**)
HomeAll PostsAwardsReview: BEN IS BACK (**)
Awards, John, New Releases, Oscars, Reviews on December 6, 2018
From the moment I saw her in Mystic Pizza (1988) and Steel Magnolias (1989) there was no doubt Julia Roberts was going to be a major star. Not actor, not yet as she had not learned enough at the early juncture of her career, but one could not deny the camera loved her unique face and that dazzling, almost too big for her face smile. Nominated for an Oscar as Best Supporting Actress for her work as the doomed young mom in Steel Magnolias (1989), no one could have predicted what happened next.
Overnight, by the sheer force of her personality, Julia Roberts, courtesy of a modern day Cinderella story, was a household name. Pretty Woman (1990), a paint by numbers romance, caused America to fall in love with her as Richard Gere did on screen, and as they say a star was born. This time she was nominated for Best Actress and had directors lining up to work with her. Among them, Steven Spielberg who cast her in his woeful Hook (1991) just one of misfire after misfire Roberts signed on for.
Dying Young (1991), Sleeping with the Eneny (1991), the first a bomb, the second made money but was crucified by the critics. Suddenly she was in trouble, and it seemed she stayed that way for most of the nineties, only to bounce back with a vengeance in 1988.
One after one box office duds, Mary Reilly (1994), I Love Trouble (1993) until finally, she found a hit in the silly wedding film, My Best Friend's Wedding (1997) which brought her back. In quick succession she gave us Stepmom (1998) and the altogether lovely Notting Hill (1999) for which I think she should have been nominated.
Then came her Academy Award-winning performance as Erin Brokovich (2000) which seemed to tell the actress, you have arrived. Her work since has usually been very good: Closer (2004) a brilliant performance among equally great performances, a foray into the goofy Ocean's Eleven (2001) series, outstanding Emmy nominated work in The Normal Heart (2014) for HBO, and another Oscar nomination in the ensemble piece August: Osage County (2013).
And now Ben is Back.
Let me state straight off I am not among those who feel Roberts should be nominated for an Oscar as Best Actress in Ben is Back, for though she is very good, this is not a film or performance for the ages. Portraying Holly, a middle-aged mother, and wife, she arrives home from town, shocked to find her oldest son Ben (Lucas Hedges) in her driveway. As he has been away in a recovery hospital for drug addicts she is surprised though delighted to see him. Given his history of lies, deceit, manipulation, theft and so much more, she agrees to let him stay one night, to wake up Christmas morning in his house with his family. She does this over the intense objections of her husband, Courtney Vance, and her oldest daughter who remembers all too well life with Ben.
Holly issues one rule for him staying, "You are never to be out of my sight."
A visit to the local mall makes clear that Ben is home, and to some very nasty drug dealers that is music to their ears. Ben owes some truly bad people money, and they come collecting in the most personal ways.
Returning from church, the family finds their home broken into, nothing was taken but their dog who means the world to them all. Ben and Holly venture out into the night to retrieve the dog, Ben believing he knows where the animal is. Throughout the night Holly will understand just how terrible her son's addiction was, and what vile things he did for drugs or money.
Roberts does some great work in the final third of the film as she becomes increasingly aware of how badly addicted he truly was. She really had no idea and, as mothers do, takes it upon her shoulders, takes the blame, even though Ben is telling her no one could have stopped him. Hers is a powerful piece of acting, but Best Actress worthy? Seriously, um, no.
Lucas Hedges made himself known to us in the superb drama Manchester By the Sea (2016) for which he was nominated for an Oscar. Earlier this year he gave a powerful performance as a young man having the gay beaten out of him by a church organization in Boy Erased. As Ben,he is again sublime, capturing the profound regrets for bringing his family into such peril, for exposing what he is to his mother, and coming face to face with who he is in his journey through the night, into his own heart of darkness.
He is again brilliant.
Directed and written by his father Peter Hedges, a rather minor film director, Ben is Back feels like an HBO film, and I do not mean that as a negative. Noble storyline focusing its attention on a worthy cause, great performances just not quite the stuff of the big screen.
Still, tough to shake some of the searing scenes of mother and son. Grimly realistic.
Tags: Drama, John
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Friends gathering at a family cabin (Honey Hill) for a day of Christmas tree cutting ... and lots of laughing, eating, singing, and praying together. It's a great way to begin the Christmas season.
Warm fires :-) in the fireplace and the old cookstove in the kitchen.
Gotta capture these memories in photos.
Gathering for our traditional time of worship together. John blesses us with some great playing and singing while we all join in. It's so good to pray together again, too. Over the years, we've brought the Lord some weighty matters out there in the woods...and the care of our friends as we join together in prayer reminds us of HIS great love for us.
Mark, Ben, and Connor load up our tree (Tim was leading Bible studies at the Corcoran Prison and couldn't join us this year).
Thank you, Rod and Kim, for another great day at Honey Hill. We pray for God's blessing on your family as they've shared this "retreat" over several generations.
That looks so fun! Was the tree with caption timber the Myers? Jordan told me about it from the caroling.