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Harold W. Bauer
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Lieutenant Colonel Harold William "Joe" Bauer (November 20, 1908 – November 14, 1942) was a United States Marine Corps air group commander, fighter pilot and flying ace credited with destroying 11 Japanese aircraft during World War II. He was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions as a fighter squadron commander during the crucial struggle for the control of the Solomon Islands at the Battle of Guadalcanal.[1]
Harold William Bauer
Lieutenant Harold W. Bauer in the early 1930s
"Indian Joe", "Coach"
Woodruff, Kansas, United States
November 14, 1942(1942-11-14) (aged 33)
Near Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands
Service/branch
Marine Fighter Squadron 212
Battle of Guadalcanal †
1 Early years
2 Military career
2.1 Early career
3 Medals and decorations
3.1 Medal of Honor citation
Early yearsEdit
Harold William Bauer was born in Woodruff, Kansas on November 20, 1908 and grew up in North Platte, Nebraska. He was the son of Volga German immigrants and had two brothers and two sisters. In high school, he played football, track and baseball.
Military careerEdit
Early careerEdit
Bauer entered the United States Naval Academy in 1926 and was appointed a Marine second lieutenant upon graduation in 1930. Bauer's two younger brothers also followed him into the Academy.[1] Following his commissioning, Bauer attended the Officers Basic School at Quantico, Virginia. He was then assigned as a company officer with the 1st Battalion, 6th Marines at Quantico.
In 1932, he became assistant basketball and lacrosse coach at the Naval Academy and an instructor in marksmanship, until his assignment to the San Diego Naval Base, where he was the Assistant Range Officer. He was promoted to first lieutenant on May 29, 1934.
VMF-221 insignia
He was then assigned to the Naval Air Station Pensacola, Florida, in December 1934 where he earned his wings of gold as a naval aviator in February 1936. He was promoted to captain on June 30, 1937 and served with several squadrons at Quantico including Marine Scouting Squadron 1 (VMS-1) and Marine Fighting Squadron 1 (VMF-1). Bauer was transferred to the Naval Air Station San Diego, California, in June 1940 where he served as executive officer of Marine Fighting Squadron 221 (VMF-221). While stationed at San Diego, he participated in carrier group exercises on the USS Lexington (CV-2) and USS Saratoga (CV-3). The December 7, 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor found Bauer and VMF-221 preparing to embark aboard the Saratoga for transport to Hawaii.
World War IIEdit
Bauer, at right, explains his technique to two ground crewmen.
Following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Bauer and VMF-221 were transported to Hawaii and were slated to reinforce Wake Island, but were diverted to Midway after Wake fell. Transferred to Hawaii in February 1942, Bauer took command of Marine Fighting Squadron Two Eleven, stationed at Marine Corps Air Station Ewa, and on March 1, 1942 commissioned and took command of Marine Fighting Squadron Two Twelve (VMF-212). Promoted to major on April 29, 1942, Bauer and VMF-212 were deployed to the South Pacific and were stationed at New Caledonia, and later Efate, Vanuatu. Although still the commanding officer of VMF-212, Bauer was also responsible for the operation of the airfield the squadron operated from and was utilized to select possible sites for additional airfields in the South Pacific. Bauer's promotion to lieutenant colonel, after only three months as a major, was effective August 7.
On September 28, 1942, Bauer performed the first feat cited for the Medal of Honor. His squadron was attacked by a superior force of Japanese planes. He engaged the enemy and shot down one of their bombers. Again attacking a superior force on October 3, 1942, he shot down four of the enemy and left a fifth badly damaged.
While leading a reinforcement flight on October 16, 1942, from Espirito Santo, Vanuatu to Guadalcanal, 600 miles (970 km) away, Bauer was about to land at Henderson Field when he noticed a squadron of Japanese planes attacking the USS McFarland (DD-237) offshore. Though the long flight from Espirito Santo had almost exhausted his fuel and he knew no friendly planes were able to assist him, he immediately proceeded alone to attack the enemy and succeeded in destroying four of them before lack of gasoline forced him to return to Henderson Field.
On November 14, 1942, he was shot down over water after downing two enemy aircraft in an attack 100 miles (160 km) off Guadalcanal. He was seen in the water in his Mae West water flotation device as light was fading. He did not appear to be seriously hurt. The following morning began days of intense searching by planes and Russell Island natives, but no further trace of him was found.[2]
The squadron under his command at Guadalcanal was officially credited with downing 92 Japanese planes and helping to sink two destroyers. Lieutenant Colonel Bauer was commended for his action in the South Pacific by commanders of Army, Navy and Marine Corps units including Admiral William F. Halsey, Jr., then Commander of the South Pacific Area and South Pacific Force.
Bauerfield International Airport in Port Vila, Vanuatu is named in his honor.
Medals and decorationsEdit
Bauer's medals and decorations include:[1]
Naval Aviator Badge
Letter of Commendation Ribbon Purple Heart Navy Presidential Unit Citation
American Defense Service Medal Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal w/ 1 service star World War II Victory Medal
Medal of Honor citationEdit
The President of the United States takes pride in presenting the MEDAL OF HONOR to
LIEUTENANT COLONEL HAROLD W. BAUER
for service as set forth in the following CITATION:
For extraordinary heroism and conspicuous courage as Squadron Commander of Marine Fighting Squadron TWO TWELVE in the South Pacific Area during the period May 10 to November 14, 1942. Volunteering to pilot a fighter plane in defense of our positions on Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands, Lieutenant Colonel Bauer participated in two air battles against enemy bombers and fighters outnumbering our force more than two-to-one, boldly engaged the enemy and destroyed one Japanese bomber in the engagement of September 28 and shot down four enemy fighter planes in flames on October 3 leaving a fifth smoking badly. After successfully leading twenty-six planes in the over-water ferry flight of more than six hundred miles on October 16, Lieutenant Colonel Bauer, while circling to land, sighted a squadron of enemy planes attacking the USS McFarland. Undaunted by the formidable opposition and with valor above and beyond the call of duty, he engaged the entire squadron and, although alone and his fuel supply nearly exhausted, fought his plane so brilliantly that four of the Japanese planes were destroyed before he was forced down by lack of fuel. His intrepid fighting spirit and distinctive ability as leader and an airman, exemplified in his splendid record of combat achievement, were vital in the successful operations in the South Pacific Area.[3]
/S/FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT
List of Medal of Honor recipients for World War II
NotesEdit
^ a b c Who's Who in Marine Corps History
^ Seal, Jon and Michael Ahn. ""An Interview with Joseph Jacob 'Joe' Foss."". Archived from the original on February 9, 2006. Retrieved 2012-10-22. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link) Microsoft Games Studios, March 2000. Retrieved: August 3, 2011.
^ Marines Awarded the Medal of Honor
This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Marine Corps.
"Lieutenant Colonel Harold William Bauer, USMC". Who's Who in Marine Corps History. History Division, United States Marine Corps. Retrieved October 20, 2007.
"Medal of Honor – LtCol Harold W. Bauer (Medal of Honor citation)" (PDF). Marines Awarded the Medal of Honor. United States Marine Corps. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 3, 2007.
Kent B. Brown. "Harold W. Bauer". AcePilots.com.
"Lieutenant Colonel Harold W. Bauer, USMC, (1908–1942)". nebraskahistory.org.
"Harold William 'Indian Joe' Bauer". veterantributes.org. Archived from the original on 2011-09-11.
"Harold W. Bauer". marine-family.org.
"Harold W. Bauer". Claim to Fame: Medal of Honor recipients. Find a Grave. Retrieved December 8, 2007.
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text:
I've been writing for television for the past twenty years, starting with the old pre-school favourite, Playdays. When the show came to an end, I went on to join the scripting teams for many well-known animated and live action series – including The Tweenies, The Hoobs, Jellykins, Fimbles, Angelina Ballerina, Postman Pat – and was Story Editor and writer on the seventh series of Thomas the Tank Engine. With writing partner Mellie Buse, we wrote for the new Magic Roundabout, Fireman Sam and the Australian puppet animation series, Five Minutes More. We also head-wrote on the first series of Postman Pat spin-off Guess with Jess. There were many other shows that have come and gone – literally hundreds of episodes. Looking back, I don't know how I did it. Although I did end up with a WRULD, or Work Related Upper Limb Disorder so I must have spent most of my adult life tapping away at a keyboard.
Ten years ago, Mellie and I formed Adastra Creative with the aim of "enriching children's imagination with fantastic characters and stories that will live with them forever." In 2008 we were commissioned to make the first series of Grandpa in my Pocket for the BBC CBeebies channel and last year we delivered our 118th episode – all of which we wrote and produced. Grandpa has been nominated in the BAFTA Pre-School Live Action category four times and won a BAFTA Cymru for Best Children's Programme. The series has been sold to over a hundred international territories. And then we wrote a stage show – Teamwork – which was commissioned by Nottingham Playhouse and went on national tour.
As part of Adastra, we also created, wrote and produced a mixed content preschool show called Ha Ha Hairies for Cartoon Network's Cartoonito Channel. The series went into over a hundred million homes across Europe, the Middle East and Africa and has been a particular hit in Italy. The show was nominated twice for a children's BAFTA and won a BAFTA Cymru for Best Visual and Graphic Effects, created by Cloth Cat Animation.
I learnt a tremendous amount about my craft from the "gun-for-hire" work, but Grandpa in my Pocket and Ha Ha Hairies are my babies and I'm very fond of them. They are still growing up and we hope to have more news of their adventures soon.
INTERESTED IN WRITING FOR CHILDREN'S TELEVISION?
I will be blogging about this in the months to come so do come and find me.
If you'd like more specific help from me as a children's television consultant then please get in touch. I can give you feedback on scripts and give advice on preparing pitch documents.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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abstract: Temperature, salinity, current direction, and taxonomic data were collected using moored current meter casts in the Gulf of Mexico from August 18, 1979 to January 21, 1981. Data were submitted by Texas A&M University as part of the Brine Disposal project. Data has been been processed by NODC to the standard NODC standard F005- Current Meter Data and F132- Benthic Organisms formats. Full format and format code descriptions are available at http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/General/NODC-datafmts.html. The F005 format is used for time series measurements of ocean currents obtained using moored current-measuring instruments, principally Aanderaa current meters (manufactured by Aanderaa Instruments Inc.). These data represent the Eulerian method of current measurement, i.e., the meters are deployed at a fixed mooring point and measure flow past the sensor. Position, water depth, and sensor depth are reported for each station. The data record comprises values of current direction and speed at specified date and time. Data values may be subject to averaging or filtering and are typically reported at 10-15 minute time intervals. Other environmental parameters may also be reported. These include: water temperature, salinity, conductivity, and transmissivity; wind direction and speed; and dominant wave direction, height, and period. A text field is available for optional comments. The F132 format contains data from field sampling or surveys of bottom dwelling marine organisms. The data provide information on species abundance, distribution, and biomass; they may have been collected by point sampling (grab or core), by tow (dredge, trawl or net), by photographic surveys, or by other methods. Cruise information such as vessel, start and end dates, investigator, and institution/agency; station numbers, positions and times; and equipment and methods are reported for each survey. Environmental data reported at each sampling site may include meteorological and sea surface conditions; surface and bottom temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen; and sediment characteristics. Number of individual organisms and total weight of organisms is reported for each species. A text record is available for comments.
otherConstraints: Cite as: Texas A&M University (2011). Current direction, temperature, salinity, and taxonomic code data from moored current meter casts in the Gulf of Mexico during the Brine Disposal project, 1979-08-18 to 1981-01-21 (NCEI Accession 8100502). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/8100502. Accessed [date].
supplementalInformation: Note: Metadata for this accession were extracted from a legacy database maintained by the U.S. National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC). The design of the database did not exactly reflect the FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (CSDGM). Principal Investigator (PI) and organization contact information accurately represents all available information from the legacy database at the time that this description was created. However, proper attribution of a PI to a specific institution or the role (submitting or collecting) taken by an institution may not be correct due to inexact mapping between fields in the legacy database and the CSDGM. Due to this uncertainty, the contact information was initially recorded in the Supplemental Information element of the CSDGM description. To develop more accurate metadata, the NODC reviews metadata for all accessions on an ongoing basis. Points of contact for this data set include: Contact info: Agency: TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY PI: N/A Address: address: NOT AVAILABLE city: COLLEGE STATION state: TX postal: 77843-3146 country: UNITED STATES In this accession, NCEI has archived multiple versions of these data. The latest (and best) version of these data has the largest version number.
description: NCEI Accession 8100502 v1.1 was published.
description: NCEI Accession 8100502 was revised and v2.2 was published.
maintenanceNote: NCEI Accession 8100502 was revised and a new version of the archival package was published. Updates to existing archival packages may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. The latest version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession. Please see journal.txt in the /about directory for additional details on changes made.


text:
Q: Spark submit with master as yarn-client (windows) gives Error "Could not find or load main class" I have installed Hadoop2.7.1 with spark 1.4.1 on windows 8.1
When I execute below command
cd spark
spark-submit --class org.apache.spark.examples.SparkPi  --master yarn --deploy-mode client lib/spark-examples*.jar  10

I get below error in JobHistoryServer log
Error: Could not find or load main class '-Dspark.externalBlockStore.folderName=spark-262c4697-ef0c-4042-af0c-8106b08574fb'

I did further debugging(along searching net) and could get hold of container cmd script where below sections(other lines are omitted) are given
...
@set CLASSPATH=C:/tmp/hadoop-xyz/nm-local-dir/usercache/xyz/appcache/application_1487502025818_0003/container_1487502025818_0003_02_000001/classpath-3207656532274684591.jar
...
@call %JAVA_HOME%/bin/java -server -Xmx512m -Djava.io.tmpdir=%PWD%/tmp '-Dspark.fileserver.uri=http://192.168.1.2:34814' '-Dspark.app.name=Spark shell' '-Dspark.driver.port=34810' '-Dspark.repl.class.uri=http://192.168.1.2:34785' '-Dspark.driver.host=192.168.1.2' '-Dspark.externalBlockStore.folderName=spark-dd9f3f84-6cf4-4ff8-b0f6-7ff84daf74bc' '-Dspark.master=yarn-client' '-Dspark.driver.appUIAddress=http://192.168.1.2:4040' '-Dspark.jars=' '-Dspark.executor.id=driver' -Dspark.yarn.app.container.log.dir=/dep/logs/userlogs/application_1487502025818_0003/container_1487502025818_0003_02_000001 org.apache.spark.deploy.yarn.ExecutorLauncher --arg '192.168.1.2:34810' --executor-memory 1024m --executor-cores 1 --num-executors  2 1> /dep/logs/userlogs/application_1487502025818_0003/container_1487502025818_0003_02_000001/stdout 2> /dep/logs/userlogs/application_1487502025818_0003/container_1487502025818_0003_02_000001/stderr

I check relevant files for CLASSPATH, looks OK. The main class org.apache.spark.deploy.yarn.ExecutorLauncher is available in spark assembly jar which is part of container jar
So, what could be the issue here? I searched net and found many discussions, but are for unix variants, but not many for Windows. I am wondering whether spark submit really works on Windows (yarn-client mode only, standalone cluster mode works) without any special setup!!!
BTW, if I run the above java command from cmd.exe command prompt, I get the same error as all command line arguments are quoted with single quote instead of double quotes(making these double quotes work!!), so is this a bug
Note spark-shell also fails (in yarn mode) and but yarn jar ... command works

A: Looks like it was a defect in earlier version. With latest Hadoop 2.7.3 with spark 2.1.0, it is working correctly.!!! Could not find any reference though.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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If you walk into any random home where there is tile, either on the walls or on the floors, indoors or outdoors, chances are the grout used for the majority of those tile projects will feature cement-based grout. Grout made from cement has been in use for many decades and continues to be a go-to choice for contractors today. This is baffling when you take into consideration that there are other options on the market that make using cement grout obsolete. There are arguments for using cement grout, but even in situations where some contractors insist this type of grout is the best option, epoxy grout is still a better choice.
Cement grout is a particularly fluid type of concrete used to fill gaps between tiles and to seal tile joints. Cement grout is a mixture of water, cement, and sand. Cement grout contains pigments. Due to the nature of cement, grout made of this material is porous in nature, which makes it prone to cracking, staining, water damage, and even breaking away. Cement grout comes in sanded and un-sanded varieties. Which of these you choose depends upon the size of the joints. Un-sanded grout is typically used for the smaller width between joints.
Why Are We Still Using Cement Grout?
One reason is human nature. Contractors who have had a long career may be accustomed to using cement grout because they have been using it for so long. Also, there is a misconception that epoxy grout is harder to work with than cement grout. This used to be true, but newer epoxy grout products, and in particular, products like the The Tile Doctor's Starlike grout, have come a long way. Starlike Grout is easy to mix and non-corrosive. It also contains no toxic chemicals, making it safe for installers and easier to use. Cost is a factor as well. Cement grout is less expensive than epoxy grout. In the long run, however, this isn't such an advantage, given the durability of epoxy grout, which is much longer lasting than cement grout. It is also resistant to stains, moisture, and doesn't require sealing for these features. If you seal your cement grout, as is recommended to keep it from staining, after a few applications you will have spent more on sealer than simply using epoxy grout from the start, so with epoxy grout you save money and you save time because it never requires sealing. That really makes the difference in cost nominal when taken into consideration over the long run. When there are so many issues associated with cement grout, it's easy to wonder why it's still being used.
Cement grout is mixed with water. This opens the door for human error because any batch of grout can differ from the next, even within the same project. Adding too much water can reduce the strength of the grout and impact its color consistency. This is one of the reasons why cement grout is not the best choice for high-quality, consistent work. Another reason is the porous nature of the grout, which makes it easy for cement grout to pick up stains and hold on to mold and mildew.
There are health concerns associated with cement grout as well. The sand in the mix, when mixed with the dust created during application, can cause severe eye and skin irritation as well as burns. For someone who works with cement grout on a regular basis, inhalation of the dust can lead to scarring of the lungs.
Another hazard associated with concrete grout, and often undetected, is black mold and mildew. Since the cement grout is so porous and easily absorbs moisture, it's easy for mold to form and become embedded in the grout lines. In many cases, this goes unnoticed and untreated, leading to concerns for the health of the people and pets living in the home. Bathrooms, kitchens, and outdoor areas are especially at risk for this type of contamination. This being the case, inhalation of the mold spores, or even touching it outside and transferring it to the eyes or mouth, presents problems that range from mild irritation to severe allergic reactions or respiratory issues. The older the tile installation is, the more likely it is that mold contamination is present.
Ready-to-Use Grout Products: Ready-to-use grout are often mentioned as an alternative to cement grout. A lot of people immediately think it is easier to use because it comes pre-mixed. These grout products can be a bit easier to use than cement grout, but they can be much more expensive and don't yield enough difference in results to warrant the higher cost. One of the things to look out for with these grouts is shrinkage, which can cause grout to pull away from tile and allow moisture penetration when you are doing tile work in wet environments. In addition, these ready-to-use grouts can have extensive curing times and be very sensitive to moisture and humidity during the curing process.You end up paying a lot more for something that is only marginally easier to apply than cement, making many of these ready-to-use products an unwise choice in the long term.
Another thing to remember about many ready-to-use grouts is that a lot of them are acrylics. Many are based on glue formulations, which makes them very difficult to work with on a lot of today's wood look and real stone tiles because they can be sticky. Some even require chemicals to remove haze. Acrylics are also known to be a food source for mold, and to offset this, they typically contain pesticides to retard mold growth. These pesticides dissipate over time, leaving the grout susceptible to mold and bacterial growth.
Epoxy Grout: Epoxy grout is another alternative to cement grout, it's also the best. Many contractors feel that epoxy grout is far superior to cement grout for a number of reasons. Epoxy grout, made from epoxy resins and filler powder, is durable and will last the lifetime of a tile product. Epoxy grout is stain resistant, weather resistant, resistant to cracking, chipping, and peeling, and ideal for high traffic areas or areas where there is excessive moisture. Unlike cement grout, epoxy grout requires no sealing and uses a quartz aggregate, which means there are no pigments. This greatly reduces any chance of operator error, ensuring that the color consistency is even throughout. In many cases, the grout between the tiles is stronger than the tiles themselves, which makes epoxy grout the best choice for tile and mosaic projects.
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text:
This Artist Is Celebrating The Beauty Of Braids
Story from Hair
Meet The Artist Who's Turning Braids Into Fine Art
Taylor Bryant
Photo: Courtesy of Shani Crowe.
There are a lot of places to find some damn good-looking braids. You can start in your local salon, hit up Pinterest, or even find the style on the red carpet. But until recently, you were probably pretty unlikely to find them on museum walls. Chicago-based artist Shani Crowe is looking to change that. As she states in the notes for her photography exhibit, "Braids," which is on display at MoCADA (the Museum of Contemporary African Diasporan Arts) in Brooklyn through July, braiding is universal — but it strikes a particularly intimate chord with African-American women. That's to whom she's dedicated this series.
The collection of images highlights insanely detailed and intricate braided 'dos, which Crowe created after years and years of practice. "As a child, I would get my hair braided every two weeks by one of my aunts or an older cousin," she tells us. "I picked up the skill from watching my relatives braid, and practicing on dolls. When I was around 11, and my aunts couldn't execute the designs I wanted, I began braiding [on] my own. I was a walking advertisement for myself, and ended up attracting clientele."
In addition to plaiting, Crowe also makes ink illustrations, collages, plush items, and experimental videos. But until recently, she made it a point to keep her cosmetic and artistic endeavors separate, the former being something of which she grew to be ashamed. "I realized that I had let societal misgivings about my culture mar my own perspective of its validity as an art form," Crowe reflects. "That's why this project is important. It's an unapologetic assertion of my pride in my braid art, my culture, and my African ancestry."
Who could ignore the Black-girl magic that radiates from every work in the 10-piece exhibit? This sort of representation is important to Crowe, and so is the underlying message of finding that magic within yourself. "Self-love is important for every person, especially women, and especially Black women because oppressed people suffer the systemic, cyclical effects of that oppression," she says. "As long as you look for truth, contentment, or love outside of yourself, you may never find them. That's not to say you can't receive these things from other sources, but life is full of changes and you must be motivated, autonomously, from the inside."
As for all the recent frustration surrounding the cultural appropriation of traditionally Black braided hairstyles, she understands: "It's strange when the source of your shame adopts the qualities you were shamed for, receives praise for these qualities, and is heralded as a trendsetter. Add the mistrust from centuries of pillaging and displacing millions of people from their native lands. If you have learned from experience to be wary of trusting someone, you are much less inclined to trust them with something as sacred as your culture."
But she's also quick to say she's grown weary of the conversation — simply because you feed things that you give energy to. "I've learned that spending efforts to change someone's opinion is often mute, as that person has to choose to change their minds or see new perspectives when they're ready," she says. "The only person I control is me, and I choose to create and photograph beautiful braids to honor Black women and hopefully foster connectivity and Black unity."
Ahead, check out a selection of Crowe's exquisite creations.
Shani Crowe Braids Art Exhibit
Hair • Beauty • Braids • The Latest
written by Taylor Bryant
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text:
class Master

  def start_loop
    loop do
      select_scene
      set_playlist
      set_lights
    end
  end

  def set_scene(scene_name)
    @scene = Scene.new(scene_name)
    set_playlist
    set_lights
  end

  def vlc_error
    @vlc_error ||= begin
      vlc
    rescue => error
      error.to_s
    else
      nil
    end
  end

  def hue_error
    @hue_error ||= begin
      hue
    rescue => error
      error.to_s
    else
      nil
    end
  end

  private
  attr_reader :scene

  def vlc
    @vlc ||= begin
      client = VLC::Client.new(VLC_RC_IP, VLC_RC_PORT)
      client.connect
      client
    end
  end

  def hue
    @hue ||= Hue::Client.new
  end

  def select_scene
    scenes = Scene.all

    puts "\nSelect scene:"
    scenes.each_with_index do |scene, i|
      puts "#{i+1}) #{scene}"
    end

    input = STDIN.getch
    name = scenes[input.to_i-1]
    puts "Selectd: #{name}"
    @scene = Scene.new(name)
  end

  def set_playlist
    puts "Clearing playlist"
    vlc.clear

    scene.audio_absolute_paths.shuffle.each do |audio_path|
      puts "Adding to playlist #{audio_path}"
      vlc.add_to_playlist(audio_path)
    end

    puts "Play!"
    vlc.next
    vlc.play
  end

  def set_lights
    puts "Setting Hue light config:"
    p scene.light_config
    hue.lights.each do |light|
      light.set_state(scene.light_config, LIGHT_TRANSITION_TIME)
    end
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


On deadline and on holiday? How is a writer to cope?
Thanksgiving is here and my desk, which is usually covered with story notes and research books is now also covered with cookbooks and shopping lists. My laptop windows range from comic book scripts to "how to cook a turkey in 45 minutes" articles. Needless to say, it is a confusing time for a writer. When you are on deadline and on holiday, how is a writer to cope?
First off, take a step back. Plan your meal or your trip or whatever holiday obligation awaits. Scale back on the last minute panic that avoidance will trigger. And then do your shopping. Set the turkey in the fridge to thaw and, while you prep, contemplate your story. It has never occurred to me to imagine my characters' Thanksgiving traditions. Probably because I've not written a "Thanksgiving" story. But imagine what you can learn from sitting down to someone else's table for the holiday. Who shows up? What do they eat? What are the stories behind the dishes (both food and actual flatware—my dishes were handed down from my mother's wedding china)? Do they have anywhere to go, or food to eat? Why not ask them as you work? From cleaning the house (which rooms of theirs are the dirtiest) to how the day goes (who fights over what? Who watches the game?), you can learn something.
Even if you are writing speculative fiction, there's no reason you can't apply the same questions to an analogous holiday in your created world. Human or humanoid, the rituals still evoke the same echoes. In fact, it might make them even more relatable to your muggle/mundy readers.
And memoir? Don't get me started! Every family meal is a rich opportunity for memoir writers. The expectations around Thanksgiving only thicken the sauce.
For screenwriters and graphic novelists, take a moment to turn on your mental camera. Snapshots of unexpected beauty—from the way the soap bubbles catch the fading light in a crowded sink, to the way the sunlight limns the side of a loved one's face—grab it and put it in your kit for future reference.
In short, pull up your writing mind to the table, and let it feast.
And that night, when everyone else is sleeping it off, or the next day while the hordes attack the Black Friday sales, use the quiet to write down what you remember most. That's all. You'll feel better for it. Come morning, visit your favorite independent bookstore for Small Business Saturday and make sure they get to know you. You'll be signing your own book in that store someday. Do you know how I know? Because you worked on your writing this holiday, even if you never wrote a word.
Enjoy Thanksgiving. We'll see you in the new year.
Parle français? Read English? ¿Una palabra a la vez? Oy.
Imagining a family's "mundane" humdrum of a Thanksgiving holiday in a fantasy world sounds like a pretty great writing prompt. Gah, I wish I had read this post earlier!!!


text:
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At Rubin Thomlinson, Martin investigates complaints of discrimination, harassment, and other workplace offences. He also provides workplace training to both employers and employees that helps them to identify issues that might exist within their office culture and provides them with tools to build and maintain healthy workplaces
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Prior to law, Martin worked as a primary/junior teacher with the Toronto District School Board, where he prepared lesson plans covering various subjects in line with the curriculum expectations. Martin is also an avid sports fan and player who loves both basketball and soccer. While attending law school, he served as the Sports Editor for Obiter Dicta, the Official Newspaper of Osgoode Hall Law School.
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Featured Post: PLEASE READ: CHANGE YOUR PASSWORD!
My pics are now up on photobucket.
Where are all the Reno photos?
Is our favorite announcer gone?
Hey Wayne, check this out!
Anyone camping at the church yet?
Unlimited Gold Race Sunday 2013 video archived on Ustream.
Who would have won if Voodoo & Strega started 1 & 2 with best ot 5-10 races?
Is Live Airshow Tv streaming today?


Regarding inflatables, the Exped Pump sleeping pad does have a built-in hand pump that works better than the first impression you get. Nonetheless, we highly recommend an airbag inflation system that doubles as a larger stuffsack — much less work.
Louie and Lou's tent in real life, Expeds and Fourty Below on the floor, Louie catching a snooze.
The beauty of the Forty Below floor cover is multi faceted. Mainly, once the sun hits your tent you end up quite a bit warmer (sometimes too warm) because you're insulated from the ice block underneath. Another nice thing is that you don't have the clammy condensation covered nylon that you have with a regular tent floor. You can throw gear around anywhere and it stays drier, and if you have electronic stuff the foam floor is a much better (drier and warmer) place for such things than setting them on a thin sheet of nylon over ice. The Fourty Below tent floor is white, which makes it much easier to find small items of gear in dim light than it would be on our black tent floor.
As for our Exped Downmat 7 pads. These things really are impressive and highly recommended, though again, if you sleep warm and use a tent floor cover, you should try something a bit more minimalist and see if it works so you're not carrying extra weight. But if in doubt just bring something like the Exped.
A bit about sleeping bags. While I'm still a fan of synthetic, and can honestly say that some of the modern synthetics are nearly the same warmth as down per unit weight, it's true that synthetics are more difficult to pack and in a warm/thick bag you do start to incur a noticeable weight penalty over down (at least when the down is fresh and dry, not after it's absorbed moisture during sleeping).
It turns out that during a normal Denali expedition, you get enough solar heating in your tent to keep a down bag dry. That is unless you spend a lot of time camping high and receive more than your share of storms (and possibly end up in a snow cave or igloo). In that case, you might begin to see your down bag start to loose loft due to moisture retention and lack of drying time. That said, the vast majority of climbers up here do use modern down bags, sometimes with vapor barrier liners, and everyone seems to do ok.
So, what sleeping bags in particular? Louie and I are both using The North Face Climashield bags (Tundra model), mine with a down liner bag which I customized to tie in with a bunch of small sewn-in tabs. The Tundra bags are rated by North Face to 20 below zero F, but we found that to be optimistic. After a few 15 to 20 below zero nights up at 14,200 feet here on Denali, I'd give the Tundra more of a 10 degree above zero rating for my cold sleeping cuerpo, and a zero or 5 below rating for Louie, who sleeps warm. To remain comfortable at 15 below, we zipped our North Face Himalayan expedition parkas together into a quilt and threw that over us, which worked nicely.
As for the other guys, we've got a few sleeping in Marmot down bags, and a few in Feathered Friends models. Of any bag out there, it's my feeling that the Feathered Friends over-deliver in warmth and performance, and getting set up with one for Denali would be a very good idea if you're uncertain about what to bring. The company rents their sleeping bags, so that's a good option if you don't need to invest in a sub-zero down bag (the Feathered Friends bags we have on this trip are rentals, and they're working fine).
Some sleeping bag tips: Many models have a complex system of Velcro and drawstrings to operate the hood, zipper closure and draft collar. I you tend not to use a draft collar, just cut the dang thing out or at least cut the velcro off. Otherwise, practice using this stuff at home. I don't use a draft collar and found the collar velcro kept sticking to other stuff while I was sleeping, including my hat. Nothing like being half asleep and feeling your head stuck to your sleeping bag. After that fine experience, the draft collar velcro was removed with my swiss knife sissors and I'm now a much happier camper.
One advantage of synthetic bags is that if you tend to a dry throat after sleeping (I do), you can just throw the hood over your head and re-breath your warm moist air. Doing so with a down bag is not a good idea, as the down around your head will become quite saturated with moisture and be difficult to dry. With this in mind, if you tend to not use your sleeping bag hood in the conventional sense, consider covering any velcro hook you don't use with a chunk of fuzzy velcro, that way you won't have the danged stuff grabbing your hat all night, or even your socks as you exit the bag.
Sleeping bag ratings are always a laugh. You wonder, are they rated for what minimum temp you could survive in? Or are they rated for where you'll sleep comfortable? And what about the incredibly wide range of folk's metabolisms? My advice for Denali sleeping bag selection would be to first know your sleeping metabolism. Most outdoors people know if they sleep warm or cold compared to other folks, so just keep that in mind as you configure your system, and don't get too optimistic. Your metabolism can only produce so much heat at high altitude, and sleeping warm and comfy is key to staying strong while doing any sort of alpinism.
I'm certain many of you winter camping vets out there have something to add or disagree with. Please comment and share your wisdom.
As a rep for Marmot bags I'm glad to hear they weren't the bags that inspired the most feedback from you. I am curious as to who uses velcro near the face? I can't imagine Feathered Friends doing that either as they may a top notch bag for sure.
Also while I agree with some potential for discomfort with poorly designed draft collars they do factor in with a bags temp rating so cutting them out will hurt the bags rating and negatively offset any weight gains by doing so.
I'm also a fan of some sort of insulated floor of sorts for any winter type scenario where you'll be living in it for awhile. I do like the idea of it being white though. That would make life easier.
Thanks for all the info and safe travels to you and your crew.
Ryan, I was speaking mostly from my own experience, and used the TNF bag as well as dealing with Feathered Friends to get their rental bags. I think the velcro issue for me was caused more by my style of sleeping, but any bag with velcro in the head/shoulder area should probably have some way of covering up the hook side. I find the draft collars to be too claustrophobic and confining, and don't feel they add very much warmth if the hood is used. If the hood isn't used, the collar does add quite a bit of warmth. As for the Marmot bags, as Jordan says they worked well.
What seems to be a more effective sleeping bag shell up on the glacier: G***-tex to get the down dry from condensation etc, or nylon/micro-fiber to help the bag breath and not get soaked from perspiration? Or plain nylon with a bivy sack? Both schools of thought seem to share quite a few advocates. Also, while I've slept in my current bag with my boot liners to dry them, its rather tight and unpleasant. Did you guys get extra long bags for liner drying or just do the ski boot snuggle? Thanks!
Mike, I think it depends a lot on your type of shelter. If you're using a roomy tent, you'll have less of a problem with shaking frost down on your bag after a night's sleep. Also, if you're using synthetic bag (which I still recommend though down does work when properly cared for) I wouldn't worry about it.
Down or synthetic, my method would still be to use a bag with plain nylon shell so it breaths and is easier to dry out in the wind/sun. Along with that, I'd still carry a super lightweight bivy sack made with one of the more breathable semi-waterproof membrains, such as Windstopper. Hard to find those. I usually make my own.
Most people on Denali get away with fairly random combos of sleeping gear, since everything is so good these days. Where it hits the fan is if you choose to camp up at 17,000. That's a whole different world than 14,000.
With my age and skinny body, I sleep cold. My combination of synthetic outer bag and down inner worked really well on Denali. I did sew a bunch of attachment points to keep the down bag from getting all twisted up.
I'm curious how you used the Forty Below tent floor. The floor foam is 40″ wide according to their website, and the Nammatj is 52″ wide. In the photos it looks like you have wall to wall coverage. Did you piece two floors together to fit? I recently purchased a Nammatj, and like the idea of using a floor vs multiple pads.
Hi Brent, yep, we got a bunch of the foam and just taped it together with Gorilla Tape. Worked super well. Leave a little space under the tape and you've got a hinge for folding up the floor. I thought the tent floors made a huge difference in comfort. Ours was especially appreciated when my modified air pad sprung a leak at the 14,000 foot camp. I'll admit that scared me. Small things have big consequences on Denali.
Thanks for the quick reply! I'm tempted to do the same with the floor. We spend our time below below 14k, mostly in Colorado and New Mexico, but this would eliminate the ridge rests we use under our inflatables now. Great blog, btw!
hey Lou, what did you use for a down liner for your sleeping bag?


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A simple colorimetric method for estimation of tramadol hydrochloride in pure and tablet dosage forms
Scaria P Thomas1, Hari K. N. Sankar2
1 Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
2 Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Kottayam, Kerala, India
Date of Submission 09-May-2016
Date of Acceptance 04-Aug-2016
Date of Web Publication 16-Sep-2016
Dr. Scaria P Thomas
Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala
Objective: The objective of this study was to develop and validate a simple method for estimation of tramadol hydrochloride (TH) in pure and pharmaceutical dosage forms using a colorimeter.
Materials and Methods: TH on reaction with Eriochrome Black T in the presence of acetate buffer at pH 3.5 forms a colored complex. This complex was extracted with a fixed volume of chloroform. The optical density of this colored complex was measured against reagent blank using a colorimeter at 520 nm.
Results: Beer's law was obeyed with a good correlation coefficient (0.999) in the concentration range of 2.5 μg/ml to 10 μg/ml. Drug content estimation and recovery studies carried out on commercial tablet dosage forms demonstrated the accuracy of the method and that excipients do not cause interference. Precision and robustness were measured and found to be acceptable (% relative standard deviation <2%).
Conclusion: The proposed method can be used for the rapid determination of TH content in tablets at a health-care provider level using already available staff and equipment.
Keywords: Colorimetry, Eriochrome Black T, tramadol
Thomas SP, Sankar HK. A simple colorimetric method for estimation of tramadol hydrochloride in pure and tablet dosage forms. Indian J Pharmacol 2016;48:550-4
Thomas SP, Sankar HK. A simple colorimetric method for estimation of tramadol hydrochloride in pure and tablet dosage forms. Indian J Pharmacol [serial online] 2016 [cited 2021 Jan 17];48:550-4. Available from: https://www.ijp-online.com/text.asp?2016/48/5/550/190746
Tramadol hydrochloride (TH) is the salt of tramadol which is a centrally acting analgesic that acts as a weak agonist at the μ-opioid receptor. A part of its analgesic effect is produced by inhibition of uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin. It is used in the management of moderate to moderately severe pain. Its respiratory depressant effect is less than that of morphine. The oral bioavailability of tramadol after a single oral dose is 68%. [1] Tramadol undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism by a number of pathways, including CYP2D6 and CYP3A4, as well as by conjugation with subsequent renal excretion. The primary O-demethylated metabolite is two to four times more potent than the parent drug and may account for part of the analgesic effect. The elimination half-life is 6 h for tramadol and 7.5 h [1] for its active metabolite. The important adverse effects include seizures and risk of serotonin syndrome. Tramadol-induced analgesia is not entirely reversible by naloxone, but tramadol-induced respiratory depression is reversed by naloxone. [1] The chemical name for TH is 2-(dimethylaminomethyl)-1-(3-methoxyphenyl) cyclohexanol hydrochloride. [2] Its molecular formula is C 16 H 25 NO 2 . The structural formula [2] is given in [Figure 1].
Figure 1: Structure of tramadol hydrochloride
TH is a white, crystalline, bitter, and odorless powder with a molecular weight of 299.8. It is readily soluble in water and ethanol and has a pKa of 9.41. [3] There are more than 35 commercial formulations of TH and are available as tablets containing 50 mg or 100 mg, capsules containing 50 mg or 100 mg, injections containing 25 mg or 50 mg per ml and 100 mg suppository.
Literature review reveals that several analytical methods have been reported for the estimation of TH alone or in combination with other drugs which include spectrophotometry, [4],[5],[6],[7],[8],[9],[10],[11],[12] spectrofluorimetry, [13],[14],[15] high-performance thin-layer chromatography, [16],[17],[18] high-performance liquid chromatography, [19],[20],[21] and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. [22],[23] Even though these methods are accurate, they require costly equipments, costly reagents, and trained technicians for the operation of these equipments. The proposed study aims to develop and validate a method which overcomes these limitations and to utilize this method for estimating the TH content in tablet dosage forms.
The concept of colored complex formation with Eriochrome Black T (EBT) and its extraction into chloroform layer employed in this study is based on an extractive spectrophotometric method for TH estimation. [4] Significant differences from the spectrophotometric method [4] include the use of a colorimeter and glass cuvettes, different wavelength, elimination of time and resource-consuming drying process, using magnetic stirrer for better mixing, and numerous modifications to ensure accurate and precise results even in the hands of a first-time user. These modifications also ensure that this method is economical and provide results in a shorter span of time. Additional validation parameters were also evaluated.
» Materials and Methods
Instruments and Reagents
The measurements were made on a Photochem-Micro Digital 8 Filter Colorimeter (Photo Electric Instruments, Jodhpur, India) using glass cuvettes of 1 cm path length. The pure standard of TH was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, India. EBT was purchased from Spectrum Reagents and Chemicals Pvt, Ltd, Cochin, India. Commercially available tablet dosage forms of TH were used in the study. All glassware used for measuring volumes were Class A. Electronic balance with 0.1 mg sensitivity (Shimadzu, Japan) was used. Eutech CyberScan pH meter was used to measure the pH of buffer solution. Analytical grade chemicals and distilled water (DW) were used. Personal protection equipment used include super nitrile gloves, apron, goggles (3M India), and half face respirator (3M India).
Preparation of Standard Solution
One hundred milligrams of TH was dissolved in 100 ml of DW in a volumetric flask and sonicated for 10 min. From this, 10 ml was taken and made up to 100 ml to obtain a standard solution containing 100 μg/ml.
Preparation of Sample Solution
Twenty tablets of commercially available TH 100 mg tablets were weighed and powdered. Tablet powder equivalent to one tablet was weighed and dissolved in 100 ml DW. This solution was sonicated and filtered through 0.4 μ nylon filter using a vacuum pump. Tramadol, being readily soluble in water, [3] gets completely filtered while the particulate matter gets trapped by the nylon filter. A volume of 10 ml filtered drug solution was made up to 100 ml and analyzed.
Preparation of Eriochrome Black T Solution and Acetate Buffer
One hundred milligrams of EBT was dissolved in 100 ml DW. To this solution, 25 ml of chloroform was added and stirred well to remove any impurity soluble in chloroform. This was allowed to stand for 10 min to allow the layers to separate. The upper layer of EBT solution was used in the analysis. One gram of anhydrous sodium acetate was dissolved in 230 ml of DW; pH adjusted to 3.5 using diluted glacial acetic acid and made up to 250 ml in a measuring cylinder to obtain the buffer solution.
Assay Procedure
To a series of labeled 10 ml volumetric flasks, 250 μl, 500 μl, 750 μl, and 1000 μl of standard solution were added with a micropipette. To each of these, 0.5 ml of acetate buffer and 1.5 ml of EBT solution were added. The drug-buffer-EBT sequence was followed always. The volume was made up to 10 ml with DW. The contents of volumetric flasks were transferred to a series of labeled 100 ml beakers. To each of these beakers, 10 ml of chloroform was also added. The colored aqueous and colorless chloroform layers thus formed were mixed well for 2 min using a magnetic stirrer to let the colored complex move from the aqueous to chloroform layer. After mixing, the contents of the beakers were transferred into a series of labeled separating funnels with glass stopcocks and mounted on stands. The mixed solutions were allowed to stand for 10 min for separation of the aqueous and colored chloroform layers. The latter could be seen in the bottom layer and was drained into labeled 50 ml beakers. The optical density (OD) of these colored chloroform layers was read on a colorimeter with the filter set to 520 nm and using glass cuvettes against a reagent blank treated similarly. Calibration curve was plotted with OD values (Y-axis) against the concentration of the drug (X-axis). OD of the sample solution was also measured in a similar manner and the drug content in the tablet was calculated.
Method Validation
The developed method was validated according to the ICH guidelines, [24] in terms of linearity, accuracy, recovery, precision, and robustness. The accuracy of the method was assessed by spiking a sample solution, the mean concentration of which was estimated in the previous step to be 100.8 μg/10 ml, with a known quantity of standard (25 μg added to 10 ml of sample) and the analysis was performed six times. The percentage recovery was then calculated. Precision was determined by intraday variability (repeatability) and interday variability (intermediate-precision) studies. For intraday variability testing, a fixed concentration (100 μg/10 ml) of standard solution was prepared and analyzed six times a day. For interday variability testing, a fixed concentration (100 μg/10 ml) of the standard solution was prepared and analyzed two times a day on 3 consecutive days by different analysts. Robustness, which provides an indication to the reliability of the method, was assessed by making small changes in the method,i.e., changing pH of the buffer by ±0.1 and measuring the effect on OD of a fixed concentration of standard (100 μg/10 ml). Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were determined mathematically based on standard error and slope of calibration curve values. LOD is the lowest amount of analyte in a sample which can be detected but not necessarily quantitated as an exact value. LOQ is the lowest amount of analyte in a sample which can be quantitatively determined with suitable precision and accuracy.
The chloroform layer can be seen to take up the colored complex from the aqueous layer after stirring and the intensity of color increased as the concentration of drug increased. This trend was confirmed on measuring the OD [Table 1]. The linearity of the data can be inferred from the calibration curve plotted with the concentration of drug solution on X-axis and OD at 520 nm on Y-axis [Figure 2].
Figure 2: Calibration curve
Table 1: Linearity table
The Beer's law limits, regression equation, correlation coefficient, LOD, and LOQ were calculated [Table 2]. The linearity of calibration curve can also be appreciated by the high value of correlation coefficient. The mathematically calculated LOD and LOQ values showed that the method is sensitive and that even lower concentrations could be estimated using this method.
Table 2: Optical and validation parameters
Accuracy and Recovery
The amount of drug found in the commercial pharmaceutical tablet formulation was found to be in good agreement with the labeled amount [Table 3]. Spiking with 25 μg pure drug yielded a recovery of 99.5% [Table 4]. This indicates that the method is accurate and unaffected by excipients in the tablet.
Table 3: Assay of tablet
Table 4: Percentage recovery
Intraday precision (repeatability) estimated after six measurements of a fixed concentration of the standard solution on a single day was within 2% relative standard deviation (RSD) [Table 5]. Intermediate precision calculated after estimating six times the drug content in a fixed concentration of the standard solution on different days by different analysts was also within 2% RSD. These results demonstrate the precision of the method and its reproducibility in varying settings.
Table 5: Intra- and inter-day precision
Small changes in pH of acetate buffer (±0.1) did not significantly affect the OD readings. This indicates the reliability of the method.
The principle of this method is that a solution of TH on reaction with EBT in the presence of acetate buffer at pH 3.5 forms an ion-pair complex (colored) which was extracted using chloroform. The OD of this chloroform layer was proportionate to the quantity of TH in the solution. The method used in this study can complete the estimation of TH content in tablet dosage forms in <3 h. All other methods described in the references mentioned above except spectrophotometry and spectrofluorimetry require more than 6 h for completing the estimation (including initialization of equipment and shutting down procedures) and need costly reagents. Since the method involves the use of chloroform, it is essential that proper personal protection equipment (mentioned in materials and methods) are used. Glassware containing chloroform should always be kept closed. The experiment should be done in a spacious and well-ventilated room. The glassware used, especially which come into contact with the colored complex, should be properly washed immediately after the experiment to prevent staining of the glassware. All the steps involved have been well optimized and details provided include the use of glassware and equipment for easy implementation in a health-care provider set-up with minimal investment.
The validation parameters discussed above show that the proposed method is reliable, repeatable, reproducible, accurate, and is not affected by excipients in tablet formulation. The results also demonstrate that the proposed method is ideal for the estimation of TH in pure drug form and tablet dosage form utilizing minimum resources and time. The added advantage is that it can be performed using a colorimeter which is available in all laboratories and hospitals, thereby facilitating the quality assessment of TH tablets dispensed.
We express our heartfelt gratitude to the faculty, nonteaching staff, and junior residents in the Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Kottayam, Kerala, for their whole-hearted cooperation. The authors are thankful to the State Board of Medical Research - Institutional Review Committee, Kottayam, Kerala, for funding this study.
The study was funded by the State Board of Medical Research, Kerala, India.
Yaksh TL, Wallace MS. Opioids, Analgesia and Pain Management. In: Brunton LL, Chabner BA, Knollmann BC, editors. Goodman and Gilman′s The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 12 th ed. United States: The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc.; 2011. p. 508.
Gu J, Qin W, Chen F, Xia Z. Long-term stability of tramadol and ketamine solutions for patient-controlled analgesia delivery. Med Sci Monit 2015;21:2528-34.
World Health Organization Expert Committee on Drug Dependence. Tramadol Update Review Report. Geneva; 2014.
Rajitha B, Prashanthi S, Reddy RK, Rani TG. Extractive spectrophotometric determination of tramadol hydrochloride in pure and pharmaceutical dosage forms. Int J PharmTech Res 2011;3:114-7.
Rathore GS, Basniwal PK, Suthar M, Gupta RN. Spectrophotometric estimation of tramadol hydrochloride in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Asian J Chem 2009;21:6111-5.
Gogulammudi L, Sujana K. Development and validation of UV spectroscopic method for determination of tramadol hydrochloride in bulk and formulation. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2012;4:275-9.
Setty KN, Ramachar T, Chakravarthy IE, Prabhavathi K. A simple spectrophotometric estimation of tramadol hydrochloride in pharmaceutical formulations. Chem Sci Trans 2012;1:317-20.
Setty KN, Prabhavathi K, Chakravarthi IE, Gayathri MM. Spectophotometric determination of tramadol hydrochloride in pharmaceutical formulations. Chem Sci Rev Lett 2013;1:168-71.
Srinivasan KK, Alex J, Shirwaikar AA, Jacob S, Sunilkumar MR, Prabu SL. Simultaneous derivative spectrophotometric estimation of aceclofenac and tramadol with paracetamol in combination solid dosage forms. IJPER 2007;69:540-5.
Toral IM, Rivas J, Saldias M, Soto C, Orellana S. Simultaneous determination of acetaminophen and tramadol by second derivative spectrophotometry. J Chil Chem Soc 2008;53:1543-7.
Puranik M, Hirudkar A, Wadher SJ, Yeole PG. Development and validation of spectrophotometric methods for simultaneous estimation of tramadol hydrochloride and chlorzoxazone in tablet dosage form. Indian J Pharma Sci 2006;68:737-9.
Abdellatef HE. Kinetic spectrophotometric determination of tramadol hydrochloride in pharmaceutical formulation. J Pharm Bioed Anal 2002;29:835-42.
Abdellatef HE, El-Henawee MM, El-Sayed HM, Ayad MM. Spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric analysis of tramadol, acebutolol and dothiepin in pharmaceutical preparations. Spectrochim Acta A 2006;65:1087-92.
Smith AA, Manavalan R, Kannan K, Rajendiran N. Spectrofluorimetric determination of tramadol in formulation and biological fluids. Int J Chem Sci 2008;6:789-99.
Padmaja D, Leeja K, Rajpandi R, Babu G. Development of validated spectrofluorimetric method for the quantitative estimation of tramadol hydrochloride in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. Int J Appl Pharm Sci Biol Sci 2013;2:101-11.
Desai P, Captain A, Kamdar S. Development and validation of HPTLC method for estimation of tramadol hydrochloride in bulk and in capsule dosage form. Int J Pharm Tech Res 2012;4:1261-5.
Apshingekar PP, Mahadik MV, Dhaneshwar SR. Validated HPTLC method for simultaneous quantitation of paracetamol, tramadol and aceclofenac in tablet formulation. Der Pharm Lett 2010;2:28-36.
Ebrahim ZA, Balalau D, Baconi DL, Guttu CM, Ilie M. HPTLC method for the assay of tramadol and pentazocine from mixtures. Farmacia 2011;59:381-7.
Kucuk A, Kadioglu Y. Determination of tramadol hydrochloride in ampoule dosage forms by using UV spectrophotometric and HPLC-DAD methods in methanol and water media. Il Farmaco 2005;60:163-9.
Kartinasari WF, Palupi T, Indrayanto G. HPLC determination and validation of tramadol hydrochloride in capsules. J Liq Chromatogr Relat Technol 2004;27:737-44.
Brahmbhatt KD, Bapna M, Shah SR, Patel RA, Patel CM. Method development and validation of paracetamol and tramadol hydrochloride by RP-HPLC in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. Pharma Sci Mon 2013;4 Suppl 1:79-89.
Belal T, Awad T, Clark CR. Determination of paracetamol and tramadol hydrochloride in pharmaceutical mixture using HPLC and GC-MS. J Chromatogr Sci 2009;47:849-54.
El-Sayed AA, Mohamed KM, Nasser AY, Button J, Holt DW. Simultaneous determination of tramadol, O-desmethyltramadol and N-desmethyltramadol in human urine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013;926:9-15.
International Conference on Harmonization, Q2(R1), Validation of Analytical Procedures: Text and Methodology, 2005.
[Table 1], [Table 2], [Table 3], [Table 4], [Table 5]


text:
Home Board of Trustees Minutes Board of Trustees minutes, 1954 Feb. 26
SPECIA.L MEETING OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE TRUSTEES OF   PURDUE UNIVERSITY
Executive Building
I.    NOTICE OF MEETING.
February 26,   1954
The Board of Trustees of The Trustees of Purdue University convened in special meeting in the Trustees' Room of the Executive Building of Purdue Uni¬ versity at 11:06 a.m,  on Friday,  Febrviary 26,   1954, pursuant to action of the Board at a meeting held February 18, .1954, and further pursuant to the following notice sent to each member of the Board by the Secretary on February 23,   1964:
In accordance with the action of the Board of Trustees at the meeting held Thursday,  February 18,  1954, there will be a special meeting of the Bcjard of Trustees of The Trustees of Purdue University on Friday,  February 26.   1954,  convening at 11:00 a. na.  in the Trustees' Room of the Exeaitirve Building of the. Univecs ity, in order to:
1. Receive, open, consider and act upon bids for the sale, of Union-Hall of Music Ann*x bond issue in the amount of $10,250,000. 00, and to
2. Consider and act upon any other matter or business which may come before said meeting.
II, ROLL CALL.
President Hanley called the meeting to order at 11:06 a.m.   All naembers of the Board except three were present as follows:   Mrs.  Crooks,  Messrs. Branigin, Hanley,  Lynn,  Thompson and Wilson.    The absences of Messrs. Anderson, Kettler and Teetor were excused by consent of the Board.   Also present were President Hovde,  Treasurer Stewart, Assistant Treasurer Kettler,  Legal Counsel Schilling,  Comptroller Freehafer, Secretary Hockema and Assistant Secretary Skinner.
III. RECEPTION OF BIDS FOR SALE OF STUDENT UNIONS-HALL OF MUSIC BONDS OF 1964.
Treasurer Stewart reported that,  in accordance with direction of the Board on February 18,   1954,  MinuteXIV,  he had sent the letter appearing below to the following:
Mr.  J.   Dwight Peterson,  City Securities Corporation,  Indianapolis,  Indiana;
Mr.  Walter Cleave,  Blyth and Company,  Chicago, Illinois;
Mr.  Warren S.  Yates,  Merrill Lynch,  Pierce,  Fennerand Beane,  Chicago,
Illinois; Mr.  Raymond V.  Condon,  B.  J.  Van Ingen & Co. , Inc. ,  Chicago,  Illinois; Mr.  O.  V. Cecil,  Merrill Lynch,  Pierce,  Fenner and Beane, New York
City; Mr.  James G.  Copper, B.  J.  Van Ingen & Co. , New York City.
(see next page)
Purdue Identification Number BOTM19540226
Volume Number 16
Capture Device Bookeye 3
Capture Details ImageGear7.0.1
Title Board of Trustees minutes, 1954 Feb. 26
Subjects Purdue University. Board of Trustees
Purdue University--History
Creators Purdue University. Board of Trustees
Repository Purdue University Libraries, Archives and Special Collections
Collection Board of Trustees Minutes
Rights Statement Copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved.
Color Depth 1 bit
Title on Piece Special meeting of the Board of Trustees of the trustees of Purdue University
URI ark:/34231/c670809q
Purdue Identification Number BOTM19540226_page 1
Transcript 456 SPECIA.L MEETING OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE TRUSTEES OF PURDUE UNIVERSITY Executive Building I. NOTICE OF MEETING. February 26, 1954 The Board of Trustees of The Trustees of Purdue University convened in special meeting in the Trustees' Room of the Executive Building of Purdue Uni¬ versity at 11:06 a.m, on Friday, Febrviary 26, 1954, pursuant to action of the Board at a meeting held February 18, .1954, and further pursuant to the following notice sent to each member of the Board by the Secretary on February 23, 1964: In accordance with the action of the Board of Trustees at the meeting held Thursday, February 18, 1954, there will be a special meeting of the Bcjard of Trustees of The Trustees of Purdue University on Friday, February 26. 1954, convening at 11:00 a. na. in the Trustees' Room of the Exeaitirve Building of the. Univecs ity, in order to: 1. Receive, open, consider and act upon bids for the sale, of Union-Hall of Music Ann*x bond issue in the amount of $10,250,000. 00, and to 2. Consider and act upon any other matter or business which may come before said meeting. II, ROLL CALL. President Hanley called the meeting to order at 11:06 a.m. All naembers of the Board except three were present as follows: Mrs. Crooks, Messrs. Branigin, Hanley, Lynn, Thompson and Wilson. The absences of Messrs. Anderson, Kettler and Teetor were excused by consent of the Board. Also present were President Hovde, Treasurer Stewart, Assistant Treasurer Kettler, Legal Counsel Schilling, Comptroller Freehafer, Secretary Hockema and Assistant Secretary Skinner. III. RECEPTION OF BIDS FOR SALE OF STUDENT UNIONS-HALL OF MUSIC BONDS OF 1964. Treasurer Stewart reported that, in accordance with direction of the Board on February 18, 1954, MinuteXIV, he had sent the letter appearing below to the following: Mr. J. Dwight Peterson, City Securities Corporation, Indianapolis, Indiana; Mr. Walter Cleave, Blyth and Company, Chicago, Illinois; Mr. Warren S. Yates, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fennerand Beane, Chicago, Illinois; Mr. Raymond V. Condon, B. J. Van Ingen & Co. , Inc. , Chicago, Illinois; Mr. O. V. Cecil, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Beane, New York City; Mr. James G. Copper, B. J. Van Ingen & Co. , New York City. (see next page)
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1) Lifecycle: constructor -> createChildren -> commitProperties ->measure -> updateDisplaylist.
2) The constructor and the createChildren is called only once.
3) Invalidation: invalidateProperties, invalidateSize, invalidateDisplaylist each calls a corresponding commit event to be fired from Flex.
5) I have never used the BitmapAsset class. Need to look at what that is.
6) In the updateDisplayList call [instance].move(x,y) rather than [instance].x = [value] since move fires additional functions that let flex layout stuff correctly.
7) Measure doesnt get called if width,height are declared explicitly.
8) You can access unscaledwidth, unscaledHeight in the updateDisplaylist functions to layout your stuff. Call the children's setActualSize function accordingly.
[Flash8] CacheAsBitmap your masker and maskee to get smooth 8bit alphas.
Thats it so far. More stuff as it happens.
Previous Previous post: Next Gen Apps: Really Good or RRRReally Bad !


text:
«Don't Believe Her» es una canción de la banda alemana de hard rock y heavy metal Scorpions, publicado como el segundo sencillo del álbum Crazy World de 1990 por Mercury Records. Fue escrita por Klaus Meine, Herman Rarebell, Matthias Jabs y Jim Vallance, cuyas líricas tratan de no creer en lo que te prometen las mujeres.

Se puso a la venta en los principales formatos de audio de la época, incluso Vertigo Records y solo para el mercado europeo publicó una edición limitada de 5000 copias en vinilo de 12", que incluyó además como lado B el tema «Crazy World».

Tras su lanzamiento se incluyó en el listado de canciones de la gira Crazy World Tour, de donde se tomaron algunas imágenes para crear un vídeo musical que se puso al aire en 1991. Tras ello, no fue tocada en vivo en años hasta que en 2004 se interpretó en la gira Unbreakable World Tour. De dichos tour además se registró para los álbumes en video Crazy World Tour Live...Berlín 1991 y Live At Wacken Open Air 2006.

Lista de canciones

Posicionamiento en listas

Músicos
 Klaus Meine: voz
 Rudolf Schenker: guitarra rítmica
 Matthias Jabs: guitarra líder
 Francis Buchholz: bajo
 Herman Rarebell: batería

Referencias

Sencillos de Scorpions
Sencillos de 1990
Sencillos de Mercury Records
Sencillos de hard rock
Canciones de Scorpions
Canciones de 1990
Canciones en inglés

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
<?php

/*
 * This file is part of Sulu.
 *
 * (c) MASSIVE ART WebServices GmbH
 *
 * This source file is subject to the MIT license that is bundled
 * with this source code in the file LICENSE.
 */

namespace Sulu\Bundle\ContentBundle\Tests\Controller;

use Doctrine\ORM\Tools\SchemaTool;
use PHPCR\SessionInterface;
use Sulu\Bundle\ContactBundle\Entity\Contact;
use Sulu\Bundle\ContactBundle\Entity\Email;
use Sulu\Bundle\ContactBundle\Entity\EmailType;
use Sulu\Bundle\SecurityBundle\Entity\Permission;
use Sulu\Bundle\SecurityBundle\Entity\Role;
use Sulu\Bundle\SecurityBundle\Entity\User;
use Sulu\Bundle\SecurityBundle\Entity\UserRole;
use Sulu\Bundle\TestBundle\Testing\SuluTestCase;

/**
 * This is in preview group because it causes Jackrabbit to lock-up
 * (this is not a bug here, but some bug in Jackrabbit).
 *
 * @group preview
 */
class PreviewControllerTest extends SuluTestCase
{
    /**
     * @var array
     */
    protected static $entities;

    /**
     * @var SchemaTool
     */
    protected static $tool;

    /**
     * @var SessionInterface
     */
    public $session;

    protected function setUp()
    {
        $this->purgeDatabase();
        $this->initOrm();
        $this->initPhpcr();
    }

    protected function initOrm()
    {
        $this->em = $this->getContainer()->get('doctrine')->getManager();

        $contact = new Contact();
        $contact->setFirstName('Max');
        $contact->setLastName('Mustermann');
        $this->em->persist($contact);

        $emailType = new EmailType();
        $emailType->setName('Private');
        $this->em->persist($emailType);
        $this->em->flush();

        $email = new Email();
        $email->setEmail('max.mustermann@muster.at');
        $email->setEmailType($emailType);
        $this->em->persist($email);
        $this->em->flush();

        $role1 = new Role();
        $role1->setName('Role1');
        $role1->setSystem('Sulu');
        $this->em->persist($role1);

        $user = new User();
        $user->setUsername('admin');
        $user->setPassword('securepassword');
        $user->setSalt('salt');
        $user->setLocale('de');
        $user->setContact($contact);
        $this->em->persist($user);
        $this->em->flush();

        $userRole1 = new UserRole();
        $userRole1->setRole($role1);
        $userRole1->setUser($user);
        $userRole1->setLocale(json_encode(['de', 'en']));
        $this->em->persist($userRole1);
        $this->em->flush();

        $permission1 = new Permission();
        $permission1->setPermissions(122);
        $permission1->setRole($role1);
        $permission1->setContext('Context 1');
        $this->em->persist($permission1);
        $this->em->flush();
    }

    public function testRender()
    {
        $client = $this->createAuthenticatedClient();

        $data = [
            'title' => 'Testtitle',
            'template' => 'default',
            'tags' => [
                'tag1',
                'tag2',
            ],
            'url' => '/test',
            'article' => 'Test',
        ];

        $client->request('POST', '/api/nodes?&webspace=sulu_io&language=de_at', $data);
        $response = json_decode($client->getResponse()->getContent());

        $client->request('GET', '/content/preview/' . $response->id . '/render?webspace=sulu_io&language=de_at');
        $response = $client->getResponse()->getContent();

        $this->assertHttpStatusCode(200, $client->getResponse());
        $this->assertTrue(strpos($response, '
Hello Hikaru Sulu
') > -1);
    }

    public function testRenderHtml5()
    {
        $client = $this->createAuthenticatedClient();

        $data = [
            'title' => 'Testtitle',
            'template' => 'html5',
            'tags' => [
                'tag1',
                'tag2',
            ],
            'url' => '/test',
            'article' => 'Test',
        ];

        $client->request('POST', '/api/nodes?webspace=sulu_io&language=de_at', $data);
        $response = json_decode($client->getResponse()->getContent());

        $client->request('GET', '/content/preview/' . $response->id . '/render?webspace=sulu_io&language=de_at');
        $response = $client->getResponse()->getContent();

        $this->assertHttpStatusCode(200, $client->getResponse());
        $this->assertTrue(strpos($response, '
Hello Hikaru Sulu
') > -1);
        $this->assertTrue(strpos($response, '') > -1);
        $this->assertTrue(strpos($response, '') > -1);
    }

    public function testRenderInvalidHtml()
    {
        $client = $this->createAuthenticatedClient();

        $data = [
            'title' => 'Testtitle',
            'template' => 'invalidhtml',
            'tags' => [
                'tag1',
                'tag2',
            ],
            'url' => '/test',
            'article' => 'Test',
        ];

        $client->request('POST', '/api/nodes?webspace=sulu_io&language=de_at', $data);
        $response = json_decode($client->getResponse()->getContent());

        $client->request('GET', '/content/preview/' . $response->id . '/render?webspace=sulu_io&language=de_at');
        $response = $client->getResponse()->getContent();

        $this->assertHttpStatusCode(200, $client->getResponse());
        $this->assertTrue(strpos($response, '
Hello Hikaru Sulu
') > -1);
        $this->assertTrue(preg_match('/^\
This is a fabulous test case!\s*\<\/p\>/', $response) > -1);
        $this->assertTrue(strpos($response, '') > -1);
        $this->assertTrue(strpos($response, '') > -1);
    }
}


text:
Cybersecurity Tech Accord discusses threat posed by state-sponsored cyberattacks and the importance of cooperation during RightsCon 2021
As part of our efforts in support of the Paris Call for Trust and Security in Cyberspace, the Cybersecurity Tech Accord hosted a workshop, "Playing by the Rules: working together to reign in nation-state cyberattacks," at the RightsCon conference in June. Over the last decade, RightsCon has brought business leaders, human rights advocates, governments, technologists and journalists together to address critical issues existing at the intersection of human rights and technology. To add to this discussion, the Cybersecurity Tech Accord's workshop included a panel of experts who examined the evolving threat posed by state-sponsored cyberattacks, their impact on businesses and society and the government's role in addressing this pressing issue in cyberspace. The session provided an opportunity to bring together the multistakeholder community forming around the Paris Call Working Group 3, co-chaired by the Tech Accord, which is tasked with exploring ways to make future UN discussions on cybersecurity more inclusive.
The RightsCon panel brought together speakers with a wealth of cybersecurity experience from government, industry and civil society, including:
Kaja Ciglic – Senior Director, Digital Diplomacy, Microsoft
Stéphane Duguin – CEO, The CyberPeace Institute
Isaac Morales – Coordinator for Multidimensional Security, Multilateral Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Mexico
Sheetal Kumar – Senior Programme Lead, Global Partners Digital
Jon Ford – Managing Director, FireEye
As the panel explained, state-sponsored cyberattacks aren't a new phenomenon, but they have increased in frequency, sophistication and impact in recent years. A report from HP Inc. found a 100 percent increase in significant state-sponsored cyber incidents between 2017 and 2020, and that enterprises are the most common targets. The Cybersecurity Tech Accord also examined the evolving nature of the threat from nation states and its implications. Earlier this year, our study in partnership with the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) found that businesses from all sectors see these attacks as a major threat. During the panel, Jon Ford examined these trends and stressed the importance of collaboration. He focused on the 2020 SolarWinds cyberattack that impacted thousands of organizations across the globe and multiple sections of the U.S. Government. He emphasized that information sharing between partners, countries and organizations in response to the attack was a perfect example of how multistakeholder involvement can mitigate these threats moving forward.
Kaja Ciglic followed by elaborating on one of the key findings from the Cybersecurity Tech Accord's study: while there is widespread concern, a clear majority of companies surveyed in the study believe that they are themselves nevertheless prepared to handle threats posed by nation-state cyberattacks. In this regard, Kaja noted that although cybersecurity practices have improved in the last few years, there is still much to be done, and some are likely experiencing a false sense of security in the face of these challenges.
And it's not just private organizations that are impacted by these increasingly sophisticated and dangerous cyberattacks, it's also society more broadly. Stéphane Duguin spoke about how the frequency of cyberattacks targeting the healthcare sector increased sixfold during 2020 and how the CyberPeace Institute called on governments to limit the space for malicious actors to operate and to protect healthcare industries from being victimized.
Sheetal Kumar spoke about how attacks on healthcare, critical infrastructure and other areas undermine human rights and noted that nation-states have an obligation to promote and protect those rights.
During the second half of the session, it was made clear that greater international political cooperation in this space is essential to mitigating the threat posed by state-sponsored cyberattacks. Isaac Morales joined in the discussion to communicate how important it is for as many voices to engage in this conversation as possible. He added that this would lead to the international community – including governments and the private sector – becoming more conscious of the number and impact of the threats and attacks referred to by the rest of the speakers.
The panellists expanded on this topic by discussing the accomplishments and shortcomings of the United Nation's first Open-Ended-Working Group (OEWG) on information security. The OEWG recently concluded its deliberations and provided a critical first step in catalysing international discussions of ICT security, though it lacked more regular industry and civil society inclusion throughout. Panelists also touched on the proposal introduced by France, in collaboration with more than 40 other UN member states, to establish a permanent UN forum for discussions on international cybersecurity. This proposed standing body, the "Programme of Action," could conceivably replace the series of ad-hoc working groups of member states that have traditionally engaged on these issues, and do so in a way that is more inclusive of regional organizations and other stakeholders.
The Cybersecurity Tech Accord is looking forward to continuing to facilitate the dialogue about multi-stakeholder approaches to discussions on international ICT security. To learn more about our efforts in this area, see our work chairing the Paris Call Working Group 3 on Supporting the Continuation of UN Negotiations with a Strong Multi-Stakeholder Approach.
Posted in Tech Accord


In an interview to Outlook during the calamitous Nandigram and Singur agitations, Ashok Mitra, economist and West Bengal finance minister during Jyoti Basu's rule, declared that he was unhappy with the way his party, the CPI(M), was functioning. He did not specifically mention Basu's successor Buddhadeb Bhattacharya, only the 'leadership'. "Instead of developing the public sector, they open up Bengal to private industries. I disapprove," he had stated.
At the core of Mitra's discontent was the apprehension that the CPI(M)'s disintegration had begun and Bengal, with Buddhadeb's drastic shift from Left economic ideology to right, was leading the way. Eight years on, a party that was in agitprop mode during Singur-Nandigram is so comfortably ensconced in power in West Bengal—having been re-elected with a greater majority just this summer—that no prospect of a Left revival seems on the cards. "Buddhadeb sounded the death-knell for the CPI(M) in Bengal," thunders Abdur Rezzak Mollah, a prominent Left MLA and minister, and now with the Trinamool Congress (again as MLA and minister).
Mollah, a peasant's son who had joined the Left movement early and has never lost an election since 1972, does not mince his words. "He single-handedly destroyed the party not simply with his revisionism but with his arrogance. He set his industrial agenda on his own terms and refused to listen to reasoning from his comrades. I personally tried to dissuade him from going ahead with the land acquisition in Singur and Nandigram. But he dismissed me. Eventually, I was expelled from the party." Mollah insists he joined the TMC precisely because he stayed steadfast to Left ideology, unlike the Communists. "Mamata Banerjee proved to be more committed to the rights of the peasants than my former comrades," he says.
Buddhadeb is unavailable for comment; his home landline goes unanswered. "He rarely comes in the mornings anymore," is the refrain at CPI(M)'s Calcutta HQ on Alimuddin Street. "He often skips the afternoon visits too," one of them adds gloomily. After the Left's dramatic loss to the TMC in 2011, Buddha had turned into a sort of recluse, rather than throwing himself into rebuilding the party. Having led the party to a humiliating defeat in its citadel of 34 years, it seemed he only had signs of trauma and exhaustion to offer. This changed briefly in 2016, as he was again plonked at the head of a combined battle formation (with an informal tie-up with old foe Congress)—only to lapse into his safe obscurity after another sound drubbing.
Buddha is blamed for forfeiting the Left platform to Mamata. And in Nandigram, he may have yielded the argument to the extreme Left.
It's a weekday morning at Alimuddin Street. News of the apex court judgement has just come in. Mamata's government, which had been fighting a court battle to give the land back to its original owners, has won a moral victory—though it too had toyed with the idea of a rail coach factory there. In earlier times, the CPI(M) office would be buzzing--party members would drop by, a slew of television crews would seek soundbites. Perhaps Buddha himself would be one of the earliest to arrive. Now, more often than not, the corridors are empty. And the rooms they lead to mostly vacant. Would the ex-CM drop in at all? "Kono theek nei," (no surety), says one.
In his heyday, Buddha had attained traction even beyond Left circles as the 'do-it-now' CM. Even L.K. Advani had taken a shine to him. That was between 1999 and 2006, Buddha's first term in office, the pre-Singur, pre-Nandigram days. If there was a shift in purist Left economics, it was too gradual to be easily noticed. Murmurs of discomfort amongst hardliners would be heard now and then. Basu had dissuaded Buddha from going ahead with an Indonesian land deal, for instance.
And yet, the economic reforms he was trying to usher in had many takers in industry-starved Bengal. The state's biggest newspaper house ABP, run by Aveek Sarkar, was supporting him. In a glowing tribute to his first term, ABP's English daily, The Telegraph, carried a full-page interview brimming with the new CM's fresh ideas. He was on the road to going down in history as the man who would return to Bengal a mythical golden age.
Then Singur happened. Followed closely by Nandigram. Buddha's proactive industrialisation plans began first to be seen as impatient, then as aggressive. Ironically, one of the strongest charges against him has been that, with those two mass agitations, he forfeited the left-wing platform to Mamata. And also, in the adivasi boondocks of Nandigram and Jangalmahal, to a movement of Maoist persuasion.
Indeed, Kabir Suman, former Trinamool MP, publicly declared a kindred spirit at that stage between the Trinamool Congress and the far-left rebels.
Sources claim Buddha has had a strained relationship with the Left unions. The late Chittabrata Mazumdar, firebrand general secretary of CITU, was allegedly shunted out of Calcutta and moved to Delhi because of his differences with the former CM. Singur provided an interesting dilemma for Communist trade unions, however. Shyamal Chakraborty, head of CITU in Bengal, points out, "Trade unions are generally in favour of setting up of factories. It ensures employment. But it should not come at the cost of peasants' rights. It goes against the grain of our ideology." Chakraborty declines to comment whether he was amongst those who supported the manner in which the land was acquired.
Mollah corroborates this. "He was too proud for anything...to listen to anyone, address dissent, even go to meetings. He had become larger than life in his own vision." That self-same characteristic—the 'hubris' that has spelt the doom of many a tragic hero in literature—has often enough been ascribed to the literature-loving, cultured Buddhadeb Bhattacharya. His fall from grace has not been any less remarkable than that of any overreaching epic hero.