text:
Q: Pandas dataframe: Calculate ratios within a group I have a dataframe of the following structure:
df = pd.DataFrame(
    {
        "Farm ID": ["1", "2", "2", "3", "3"],
        "Crop": ["Type A", "Type A", "Type B", "Type B", "Type B"],
        "Plot ID": ["A", "A", "B", "A", "B"],
        "Plot area": ["8", "4", "2", "3"],
        "More values": ["101", "215", "13", "0.6"],
        "More text": ["foo", "bar", "foobar", "barfoo"],
    }
)

For each plot I now want to know the ratio, the plot area has on the total farm area in case there are different crops on the plots. I then also want to combine plots with the same crop. So the output should look like this:
                 Plot ID    Plot area  area share More values   More text
Farm ID Crop
1       Type A   A          8          1          101           foo
2       Type A   A          4          0.66       215           bar
        Type B   B          2          0.33       13            foobar
3       Type B   AB         35         1          0.642     barfoonothing

I know, that I can use dfNew = df.groupby(["Farm ID", "Crop"]).sum() to get the correct structure, and FarmArea = df.groupby(level=0).sum() to get the farm area, but I cannot figure out how to get area share. Any suggestions?

A: You can use transform:
df = pd.DataFrame(
    {
        "Farm ID": ["1", "2", "2", "3"],
        "Crop": ["Type A", "Type A", "Type B", "Type B"],
        "Plot ID": ["A", "A", "B", "A"],
        "Plot area": [8, 4, 2, 3],
        "More values": ["101", "215", "13", "0.6"],
        "More text": ["foo", "bar", "foobar", "barfoo"],
    }
)
dfNew = df.groupby(["Farm ID", "Crop"]).sum()

dfNew["Area share"]=dfNew["Plot area"] / dfNew.groupby(["Farm ID"])["Plot area"].transform("sum")

dfNew

output:
        Plot area   Area share
Farm ID     Crop
1   Type A  8   1.000000
2   Type A  4   0.666667
    Type B  2   0.333333
3   Type B  3   1.000000

Please note that I loaded Plot area as numeric, if that is not the case you may need to convert it before using transform.


Not bad choices but I would put Legends of the Fall over dances and Pulp fiction over gone.
Doctor Zhivago and I agree with the original post Dances with Wolves is very well done, plus a Beautiful Mind. All excellent.
CGI has turned action movies into derp galore!
For me, it is far better to grasp the Universe as it really is than to persist in delusion, however satisfying and reassuring. -Carl Sagan.
Humor and truth, and lots of gold.
I'm curious. I love Dancing With Wolves; it's in my top 64 movies of all time. Why is it number 1 with you, if you don't mind.
Geesh! So hard to choose!
How about two favorite film makers?
Don't know about best but the movie I re-watched more often than others is "Battle of Midway". These guys were real heroes.


Home / Uncategorized / Welcome to the new Manchester Gin!
Welcome to the new Manchester Gin!
Sorry it has been so long since we put a blog out but it has been one hell of a few months! Well this is a part of a whole load of awesome projects we're pushing out before this christmas!
Welcome to the new Manchester Gin rebrand! More slender and sexier than its predecessor with all those little shiny bits you guys will just love! However it is still the same quality unique Manchester Gin as it always has been!


Creating a budget can seem overwhelming.
The categories often used to classify our expenses are too numerous to count — transportation, utilities, business, education, entertainment, financial expenses, food, gifts, and so on, plus all the subcategories within them.
Having trouble saving money for a big vacation? A cartoon mouse and a brainy pig want to help you get it done.
If a Disney vacation is on your wish list, you might want to consider the Disney Vacation Account program, which lets guests budget for an upcoming trip and schedule automatic contributions into an FDIC-insured savings fund.
Account holders can cash in their savings for a vacation at a Disney theme park, Disney Cruise Line, Adventures by Disney or at Aulani, Disney's plush resort in Hawaii.
Chris Skinner has been blogging, about banking and technology, speaking at conferences, running the Financial Services Club, in London and other cities, consulting with bankers and getting to know just about everybody innovating in banking in the US, Europe and a number of more remote spots in the world.
He has pulled it all together provocatively in his book Digital Bank — strategies to launch or become a digital bank.
Warning — becoming a digital bank won't be easy.
Think pig: Social Money President Scott McCormack promotes social-banking system SmartyPig.
WEST DES MOINES, Iowa — A 2008 start-up called SmartyPig has combined social networking and banking to offer a new way to save, and in four years has helped people reach almost $3 billion in savings goals.
The business was created by Des Moines natives Michael Ferrari and Jon Gaskell in 2008 as a high-tech way to encourage people to save for specific goals. Ferrari came up with the idea when his first son was born and he needed to save money for his son's college education.


text:
Healthy Aging | Pumping Irony
PUMPING IRONY: Home Sweet Home
The move to repeal DACA doesn't just throw 700,000 "dreamers" into limbo; it threatens the future of millions of homebound elderly.
By Craig Cox | Experience Life
Geezers who are more, well, strategic than I am have already finalized their wills, drafted their healthcare directives, and long ago began investing in their long-term-care insurance plans. I'm more of a take-every-day-as-it-comes kind of guy, which can frustrate My Lovely Wife, whose well-intentioned attempts to begin a conversation about nursing-home scenarios I promptly derail by stubbornly declaring that I'm never moving again.
I like to assume, given the limitless zeal with which American business chases a buck, that there will always be home healthcare services available to lend a hand when I reach the point where I'm too decrepit to handle stuff myself. Recent events, however, have raised some doubts about this.
When the Trump Administration last week announced that it was ending the popular Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program unless Congress rescued it with legislation in the next six months, some 700,000 immigrants were thrown into limbo. The move elicited a predictable uproar among a wide swath of folks sympathetic to the plight of these young "dreamers," but few recognized the effect this would have on older Americans.
As Noam Scheiber and Rachel Abrams note in the New York Times, about one in five DACA beneficiaries currently work in the healthcare and education sectors. Deporting them, or driving them into hiding, would mean losing "tens of thousands of workers from in-demand job categories like home health aide and nursing assistant," they write.
This at a time of ever-increasing demand for these services — especially in rural areas. Scheiber and Abrams cite government projections showing that "the economy will need to add hundreds of thousands of workers in these fields over the next five to 10 years simply to keep up with escalating demand, caused primarily by a rapidly aging population,"
And it could have a destabilizing effect throughout the entire home-healthcare industry, upon which some 5 million elderly Americans depend. More than a quarter of all home health aides are immigrants. And, as Robert Espinoza, vice-president for policy at the advocacy group PHI, explains, when you threaten a large segment of this workforce with deportation, the quality of service is bound to suffer. "If you are seeing family members, children, neighbors being deported, threatened, and so on, the ability to be present on the job is undermined."
This won't simply affect the quality of care elderly Americans will receive; it may drive thousands of them out of their homes and into long-term care facilities, where the cost of care is significantly higher.
Hard-line anti-immigration folks often argue that immigrants are stealing American jobs, but as Michelle Chen points out in a recent essay in Mic, life as a home healthcare worker comes with some serious challenges.
"Both immigrant and non-immigrant workers face high risk of injury and exploitative working conditions," Chen writes. "With median incomes of about $15,600 (and even less for the sector as a whole), roughly 20 percent of immigrant home-care workers live in households below the poverty line. Over a quarter of their households survive on federal nutrition assistance programs; a third are themselves Medicaid recipients."
The upshot, of course, is that Trump's continued tough line on immigration will have unintended consequences on another already vulnerable population, Chen notes. "The people who will really have it tough are the grandmothers whose caregivers may soon vanish from their lives, and with them, the one critical human bond that keeps them connected to their communities."
I'm encouraged by the pushback the White House received after last week's announcement and hope Congress will come together to offer some assurances to dreamers — and the elderly Americans who depend on them for their in-home care. If all goes well on the legislative front, there's a good chance I may never have to move again after all.
Craig Cox is an Experience Life deputy editor who explores the joys and challenges of aging well.
PUMPING IRONY: The Cholesterol Conundrum
By Craig Cox
Despite obsessing for nearly a half century over the role of lipoproteins in heart disease, researchers seem to be more conflicted than ever.
PUMPING IRONY: Algae for Arthritis?
New research holds promise for the millions of geezers with creaky joints, but I'm more inclined to follow a less invasive protocol.
Family/Friends/Kids | Healthy Aging
PUMPING IRONY: Par for the Course
An afternoon on the links brings two old friends with disparate views back together.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


There is so much confusion on what to eat nowadays. With so much negative attention around our food supply we sometimes forget the foods we eat have the incredible potential to give us all the positive energy needed to live our life in an abundance of health and happiness!
In this insightful talk and q and a's we will look at how to eat what nature provides, Let's start connecting the dots and acknowledge this: nature knows best. Nature is what we come from, what we are made of, and therefore…. Also what we are designed to eat. Deliciously simple as that.You can't help but be radiant, energetic and healthy. The focus will be on local, seasonal and raw foods.
Shamanic Constellation is a great experience to release old family and cultural patterns. Allowing us to step into our unique path, which is what our souls chooses when we decided to incarnate.
Family constellations connects us to the clan from where we originate, to heal the flow of love and abundance.
Shamanic constellations, besides recovering the strength of our ancestors, allows us to realign with the power of the elements, animals and all the ancestral forces, that existed since time began.
For those of you who wish to travel deeper into the spirit world and find your own power animal.
A power animal is a spirit guide to teach and help you in life. The task of a power animal is to receive you healthy -physically, emotionally, mentally and spiritually, by providing guidance and support or warn you.
There will be an introduction before shamanic drumming and then you travel into the world of the animal spirits. Your animal is waiting when we make the shamanic session. When you have contact with your power animal in the shamanic journey you can have a very deep connection with your new friend. Every, animal, even the smallest and most seemingly insignificant, can you be the power animal, the animal spirit helpers, the messenger of the goddess!
Linda Erbe will be introducing you to the world of animal communication. She teaches how to learn the telepathic way to speak with animals.
Animal communication is working with every animal, an ant or an elephant. It is not important to see the animal in front of you a picture is enough to make contact. When we use telepathy we can speak to any animal anywhere. Are you curious, then visit Linda in the Gaia Temple.
The geobiology is the study of the impacts of the earth on the human, animal or vegetable life.
How to heal yourself with Mother EarthLucia uses techniques that are all natural and without any substance that enters the body, therefore lack of interaction with any other treatment. Take this opportunity to learn a natural method to relieve your pain and a way to help many people feel better.
- Food, Stress, Emotions, Oxygen Deficit, Electromagnetic Radiation, Contamination, Poor quality of rest.
* The workshop is intended for all people who want to improve their quality of life. All resources to be used for treatment of pain are natural and safe.


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Dermal filler injections are one of the most popular non-invasive cosmetic treatments today. This is due to their ability to reduce wrinkles, boost volume and contour facial features. But their rise in popularity has also resulted in a rise in myths and misconceptions due to misleading information, advertising and media.
A common concern for many people is that dermal fillers are permanent and the area that is treated will stay altered indefinitely. This is not true. The majority of dermal fillers will start to wear off after about six months and often, within one to two years, the treated area goes back to its original appearance. Results can also be reversed at any time with an injection of hyaluronidase, which dissolves the product instantly.
Dermal filler and anti-wrinkle injections are often identified as the same product. While both can help treat fine lines and wrinkles, they are actually very different treatments. Dermal filler contains hyaluronic acid and is designed to plump the skin, aiding areas with volume loss by adding fullness to the area. In contrast, anti-wrinkle injections contain a muscle relaxant called botulism toxin type A. This product smooths out the skin by being injected into the muscles to temporarily restrict their movement. They are both highly successful treatments when administered by our qualified doctors and nurses.
3. I will look weird and people will notice a change.
We understand clients do not want to look weird or have people notice when they have had dermal filler treatments. However, when being injected by a highly trained, qualified and experienced practitioner, the results are very subtle and natural. At Artisan, our team is focused on ensuring you feel confident, so meeting your needs is our main priority. Our doctors and nurses will work with you to create a look that is right for you.
Dermal fillers are one of the least invasive cosmetic treatments available. There is minimal downtime involved as the needle used is very thin. Often, clients will return to work straight away or within one to two hours of dermal fillers.
What is most important with dermal filler treatments is not always the product itself but rather the skills and expertise of the person injecting. When it comes to your personal appearance, it is essential to have a skilled practitioner apply the correct techniques and amount of product that are appropriate for your facial structure. At Artisan, our cosmetic injectors are experts in understanding what is right for you.
Book a consultation with our masters today to learn more about our skin tightening and dermal filler treatments and how they can help you to master the artistry of you™.


Interstate 465 is now officially the "USS Indianapolis Memorial Highway." A Tuesday ribbon cutting took place at the USS Indianapolis war memorial, in front of one of numerous signs that will grace the highway. Retired Navyman Donald McCall survived the disaster.
State Representative John Bartlett, D-Indianapolis, authored the law to rename the highway. He says there was no opposition amongst Indiana lawmakers to the proposal.
Bartlett says it is a fitting tribute to the hundreds of navy personnel lost their lives in the sinking of the ship when it was torpedoed by a Japanese submarine on July 30, 1945. The ship sank in twelve minutes. Survivors were spotted by a patrol aircraft three days later.
Air and surface rescue crews were dispatched to the scene and the surrounding waters were thoroughly searched for survivors. Upon completion of the day and night search on August 8, 316 men had been rescued out of the crew of 1,199.


text:
$50 #Giveaway Excerpt Dating the It Guy by Krysten Lindsay Hager @KrystenLindsay 7.23
June 26, 2017 By Mary
Dating the It Guy by Krysten Lindsay Hager
Emme is a sophomore in high school who starts dating, Brendon Agretti, the popular senior who happens to be a senator's son and well-known for his good looks. Emme feels out of her comfort zone in Brendon's world and it doesn't help that his picture perfect ex, Lauren seems determined to get back into his life along with every other girl who wants to be the future Mrs. Agretti. Emme is already conflicted due to the fact her last boyfriend cheated on her and her whole world is off kilter with her family issues. Life suddenly seems easier keeping Brendon away and relying on her crystals and horoscopes to guide her. Emme soon starts to realize she needs to focus less on the stars and more on her senses. Can Emme get over her insecurities and make her relationship work? Life sure is complicated when you're dating the it guy.
The next day, I went to the newspaper office to drop off my story. I hoped I wouldn't run into Lauren, Brendon's perfect ex, but she was there with her feet up on her desk, talking on the phone. She put up her finger to signal me to wait. There was no place to sit so I stared at the posters on the wall. Lauren was wearing a blue zip-up sweatshirt and sweatpants. Her shiny hair was pulled back in a ponytail (a bouncy one of course), which showed off her diamond earrings. She had some pearly lavender lipstick on, the kind that makes most people look like a corpse, but on her it showed off her flawless complexion and rosy cheeks. Plus, she didn't need any other makeup with those gray eyes. I had spent forty-five minutes on my hair and makeup and wore a pair of designer jeans I got on sale and a cute fitted sweater I borrowed from Margaux, yet Lauren was hotter in her sweats and ponytail with hardly any makeup on.
"Sorry, talking to the assistant editor at the Post," she said.
Stupid namedropper—wait the Post? Where I had gotten the internship—the same one taken away from me?
"I'm interning there," she said.
"That's nice." Get me out of here. She got my position?
"This is my second time there. I started in the summer, but they wanted me to stay on for the fall. So what can I do for you?" she asked as I tried to keep myself from howling over the unfairness of the universe.
"Here's the Halloween party story. I e-mailed it to the submission address, but Brendon said you also needed a hard copy."
"Oh, I thought Brendon was going to write this," she said.
"He asked me to…is it okay?"
"I guess." She dropped it in a box and began typing furiously on her laptop.
"You're welcome." I hated her. I can't believe she got my internship at the Post and moved in on my ex-boyfriend. I could just imagine her and Brendon's life together—it would be like a glossy, preppy perfume ad. Their house would be in a magazine where they'd praise her for her good taste. Then their two perfect children Brendon Jr. and Lily (or whatever rich people name their daughters) would be dressed in perfect little outfits that matched the furniture. Meanwhile, I'd still be trying to work at the Post and wearing designer clothes from the final markdown sale rack at some bargain-basement store.
Praise for Dating the It Guy:
"Dating the It Guy is an entertaining story that is as absorbing as it is hilarious." Reviewed by Arya Fomonyuy for Readers' Favorite
"A satisfying YA romance that is really about growing up and learning how to deal with life." Writing Pearls book review blog
"There is so much to love about this book. Krysten Lindsay Hager knows how teens think and speak, and she understands why Emme would feel overwhelmed by everything about Brendon – his looks, his popularity, his feelings for her, his exes, his family." Vox libris: the voice of books book review blog
Author Krysten Lyndsay Hager
Besides mining her teen years and humiliating moments for her novels, Krysten is also a book addict who has never met a bookstore she didn't like. Krysten writes about friendship, self-esteem, fitting in, frenemies, crushes, fame, first loves, and values. She is the author of True Colors, Best Friends…Forever?, Next Door to a Star, Landry in Like, Competing with the Star (The Star Series: Book 2), and Dating the It Guy. Her debut novel, True Colors, won the Readers Favorite award for best preteen book and the Dayton Book Expo Best Sellers award. Krysten's work has been featured in USA Today, The Flint Journal, the Grand Haven Tribune, the Beavercreek Current, the Grand Blanc View, the Bellbrook Times and on Living Dayton.
Website * Facebook * Twitter * Pinterest * Instagram
$50 Amazon Gift Card or Paypal Cash Giveaway
By Krysten Lindsay Hager
$25 #Giveaway Excerpt Competing with a Star by Krysten Lindsay Hager @KrystenLindsay 6.12
Krysten Hager says


FUCHS Lubrication is continuing its £10 million investment in its Stoke-on-Trent facility with the construction of a new 4,000 pallet raw materials warehouse. In the last 12 months the company has opened a new state-of-the-art head quarters building and improvements to the Research and Development Technical Centre.
Richard Halhead, managing director at FUCHS Lubricants UK, said: "This is a hugely significant project which will have fantastic benefits for the business.
"It will elevate FUCHS Lubricants to a unique position as the only lubricant manufacturer in the UK with this type of facility, firmly placing us at the forefront in the R&D, manufacture and distribution of lubricants in the UK, and maintains our pledge to continually build for the future.


text:
Members of Mars Mission Project Prepared for Experiments
An international team of researchers climbed into a set of windowless steel capsules Thursday to launch a 520-day simulation of a flight to Mars intended to help real space crews of the future cope with confinement, stress and fatigue of interplanetary travel.
The six-member, all-male crew of three Russians, a Frenchman, an Italian-Colombian and a Chinese will follow a tight regimen of experiments and exercise under video surveillance, The Associated Press informs.
"This isn''t a joke. It will give a lot of useful information, not just about Mars but also for Earth," said Dr Christer Fuglesang, a Swedish astronaut with the human space flight directorate of the European Space Agency (ESA).
He rejected suggestions that the experiment, named Mars 500, was more Red Dwarf than red planet, TopNews reports.


text:
Сюзанн Сомерс (, урожд. Сюзанн Мари Махони (); род. 16 октября 1946) — американская актриса, писательница, певица и предприниматель. Известна по роли Кэрол Ламберт в сериале «Шаг за шагом» и Крисси Сноу в сериале «Трое — это компания». Сомерс также является автором ряда бестселлеров, таких как «Голая правда о биоидентичных гормонах» (2006) и «Книга о биоидентичной заместительной терапии гормонами». Она также выпустила две автобиографии, четыре книги о диетах, книга со стихами «Touch Me» (1980). В настоящее время ведёт своё ток-шоу на канале ShopNBC.

Она подверглась критике за свои взгляды на некоторые медицинские темы, например за поощрение альтернативных методов лечения рака.

Личная жизнь
Сюзанн Мари Махони родилась в Сан-Бруно (Калифорния). Она была третьим из четырёх детей в ирландской католической семье. Её мать, Марион Элизабет (урождённая Тёрнер) была медицинским секретарем, а отец Френсис Махони был рабочим. Сюзанн училась в «Capuchino High School», потом была принята в колледж для женщин в Сан-Франциско на факультет музыки. На втором курсе вышла замуж за Брюса Сомерса. 8 ноября 1965 года она родила ему сына Брюса Сомерса-младшего. Через три года ушла от мужа и стала моделью. В 1971 году её сына сбил автомобиль, в результате чего он был тяжело ранен. В 1968 году Сомерс встретила своего будущего мужа Алана Хомеля. Они поженились в 1977 году, и Амель стал её коммерческим директором. В 2001 году Сюзанн заявила, что у неё рак молочной железы, но она решила отказаться от химиотерапии и лампектомии в пользу альтернативного лечения. 9 января 2009 года газета «Associated Press» сообщила, что пожар в Южной Калифорнии уничтожил дом Сюзанн Сомерс.

Примечания

Ссылки

Актрисы США
Деятели альтернативной медицины
Телеведущие США
Актрисы телевидения США
Женщины-комедианты
Выпускники Университета Сан-Франциско

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
from __future__ import (absolute_import, division, print_function)
__metaclass__ = type

ANSIBLE_METADATA = {
    'metadata_version': '1.1',
    'status': ['preview'],
    'supported_by': 'certified'
}

DOCUMENTATION = '''
---
module: nso_config
extends_documentation_fragment: nso
short_description: Manage Cisco NSO configuration and service synchronization.
description:
  - This module provides support for managing configuration in Cisco NSO and
    can also ensure services are in sync.
requirements:
  - Cisco NSO version 3.4.12 or higher, 4.2.7 or higher,
    4.3.8 or higher, 4.4.3 or higher, 4.5 or higher.
author: "Claes Nästén (@cnasten)"
options:
  data:
    description: >
      NSO data in format as | display json converted to YAML. List entries can
      be annotated with a __state entry. Set to in-sync/deep-in-sync for
      services to verify service is in sync with the network. Set to absent in
      list entries to ensure they are deleted if they exist in NSO.
    required: true
version_added: "2.5"
'''

EXAMPLES = '''
- name: Create L3VPN
  nso_config:
    url: http://localhost:8080/jsonrpc
    username: username
    password: password
    data:
      l3vpn:vpn:
        l3vpn:
        - name: company
          route-distinguisher: 999
          endpoint:
          - id: branch-office1
            ce-device: ce6
            ce-interface: GigabitEthernet0/12
            ip-network: 10.10.1.0/24
            bandwidth: 12000000
            as-number: 65101
          - id: branch-office2
            ce-device: ce1
            ce-interface: GigabitEthernet0/11
            ip-network: 10.7.7.0/24
            bandwidth: 6000000
            as-number: 65102
          - id: branch-office3
            __state: absent
        __state: in-sync
'''

RETURN = '''
changes:
    description: List of changes
    returned: always
    type: complex
    sample:
        - path: "/l3vpn:vpn/l3vpn{example}/endpoint{office}/bandwidth"
          from: '6000000'
          to: '12000000'
          type: set
    contains:
        path:
            description: Path to value changed
            returned: always
            type: str
        from:
            description: Previous value if any, else null
            returned: When previous value is present on value change
            type: str
        to:
            description: Current value if any, else null.
            returned: When new value is present on value change
        type:
            description: Type of change. create|delete|set|re-deploy
diffs:
    description: List of sync changes
    returned: always
    type: complex
    sample:
        - path: "/l3vpn:vpn/l3vpn{example}"
          diff: |2
             devices {
                 device pe3 {
                     config {
                         alu:service {
                             vprn 65101 {
                                 bgp {
                                     group example-ce6 {
            -                            peer-as 65102;
            +                            peer-as 65101;
                                     }
                                 }
                             }
                         }
                     }
                 }
             }
    contains:
        path:
            description: keypath to service changed
            returned: always
            type: str
        diff:
            description: configuration difference triggered the re-deploy
            returned: always
            type: str
'''

from ansible.module_utils.network.nso.nso import connect, verify_version, nso_argument_spec
from ansible.module_utils.network.nso.nso import State, ValueBuilder
from ansible.module_utils.network.nso.nso import ModuleFailException, NsoException
from ansible.module_utils.basic import AnsibleModule

class NsoConfig(object):
    REQUIRED_VERSIONS = [
        (4, 5),
        (4, 4, 3),
        (4, 3, 8),
        (4, 2, 7),
        (3, 4, 12)
    ]

    def __init__(self, check_mode, client, data):
        self._check_mode = check_mode
        self._client = client
        self._data = data

        self._changes = []
        self._diffs = []

    def main(self):
        # build list of values from configured data
        value_builder = ValueBuilder(self._client)
        for key, value in self._data.items():
            value_builder.build('', key, value)

        self._data_write(value_builder.values)

        # check sync AFTER configuration is written
        sync_values = self._sync_check(value_builder.values)
        self._sync_ensure(sync_values)

        return self._changes, self._diffs

    def _data_write(self, values):
        th = self._client.get_trans(mode='read_write')

        for value in values:
            if value.state == State.SET:
                self._client.set_value(th, value.path, value.value)
            elif value.state == State.PRESENT:
                self._client.create(th, value.path)
            elif value.state == State.ABSENT:
                self._client.delete(th, value.path)

        changes = self._client.get_trans_changes(th)
        for change in changes:
            if change['op'] == 'value_set':
                self._changes.append({
                    'path': change['path'],
                    'from': change['old'] or None,
                    'to': change['value'],
                    'type': 'set'
                })
            elif change['op'] in ('created', 'deleted'):
                self._changes.append({
                    'path': change['path'],
                    'type': change['op'][:-1]
                })

        if len(changes) > 0:
            warnings = self._client.validate_commit(th)
            if len(warnings) > 0:
                raise NsoException(
                    'failed to validate transaction with warnings: {0}'.format(
                        ', '.join((str(warning) for warning in warnings))), {})

        if self._check_mode or len(changes) == 0:
            self._client.delete_trans(th)
        else:
            self._client.commit(th)

    def _sync_check(self, values):
        sync_values = []

        for value in values:
            if value.state in (State.CHECK_SYNC, State.IN_SYNC):
                action = 'check-sync'
            elif value.state in (State.DEEP_CHECK_SYNC, State.DEEP_IN_SYNC):
                action = 'deep-check-sync'
            else:
                action = None

            if action is not None:
                action_path = '{0}/{1}'.format(value.path, action)
                action_params = {'outformat': 'cli'}
                resp = self._client.run_action(None, action_path, action_params)
                if len(resp) > 0:
                    sync_values.append(
                        ValueBuilder.Value(value.path, value.state, resp[0]['value']))

        return sync_values

    def _sync_ensure(self, sync_values):
        for value in sync_values:
            if value.state in (State.CHECK_SYNC, State.DEEP_CHECK_SYNC):
                raise NsoException(
                    '{0} out of sync, diff {1}'.format(value.path, value.value), {})

            action_path = '{0}/{1}'.format(value.path, 're-deploy')
            if not self._check_mode:
                result = self._client.run_action(None, action_path)
                if not result:
                    raise NsoException(
                        'failed to re-deploy {0}'.format(value.path), {})

            self._changes.append({'path': value.path, 'type': 're-deploy'})
            self._diffs.append({'path': value.path, 'diff': value.value})

def main():
    argument_spec = dict(
        data=dict(required=True, type='dict')
    )
    argument_spec.update(nso_argument_spec)

    module = AnsibleModule(
        argument_spec=argument_spec,
        supports_check_mode=True
    )
    p = module.params

    client = connect(p)
    nso_config = NsoConfig(module.check_mode, client, p['data'])
    try:
        verify_version(client, NsoConfig.REQUIRED_VERSIONS)

        changes, diffs = nso_config.main()
        client.logout()

        changed = len(changes) > 0
        module.exit_json(
            changed=changed, changes=changes, diffs=diffs)

    except NsoException as ex:
        client.logout()
        module.fail_json(msg=ex.message)
    except ModuleFailException as ex:
        client.logout()
        module.fail_json(msg=ex.message)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Bazak International Corp. v. Tarrant Apparel Group
378 F.Supp.2d 377, 2005 WL 1705095, 58 UCC Rep Serv 2d 612 (S.D.N.Y., July 18, 2005)
Email Can Satisfy Requirements For A Writing Under The Statute Of Frauds
Court holds that an e-mail sent by one merchant to another purporting to confirm an agreement to purchase goods is sufficient to satisfy the requirements for a writing contained in the Statute of Frauds, as set forth in NY UCC § 2-201(2), known as the merchant's exception. The e-mail in question was sent to defendant by a third party on behalf of plaintiff, and had attached as a pdf file a letter on plaintiff's letterhead which closed with the typed signature of plaintiff's president. The attached letter recited that the parties had an agreement, and set forth a quantity of items to be purchased, but not the price to be paid therefore. The court nonetheless held that issues of fact existed as to both the existence of a contract between the parties for the purchase of the goods at issue, and its enforceability under the Statute of Frauds, which precluded the grant of defendant's motion for summary judgment, or dismissal of plaintiff's complaint.
Bazak Confirms Purported Agreement To Purchase Jeans Via Email And Letter
Plaintiff Bazak International Corp. ("Bazak") and defendant Tarrant Apparel Group ("Tarrant") are both merchants. In September, 2003, Bazak's president met with Tarrant's chief executive officer concerning 1,600,000 pairs of jeans Tarrant had for sale. According to Bazak, at this meeting, the parties reached an agreement pursuant to which Bazak would purchase all of these jeans at a price between $3 and $3.50 per pair, subject to Bazak's receipt of a written inventory and visual inspection of the goods.
During its inspection, Bazak learned that approximately 700,000 pairs of the jeans it wanted had been sold to a third party, and that the remaining inventory varied from the description previously provided by Tarrant.
Bazak nonetheless offered to buy the remaining inventory, consisting of 912,714 pairs of jeans, for $2.40 a pair. According to Bazak, this offer was orally accepted by Tarrant's Chief Executive Officer, Gerrard Guez ("Guez").
According to Bazak, its President, Tuvia Feldman, sent a letter to Tarrant confirming the parties' oral agreement. The letter, after noting the parties' agreement, stated that Bazak had purchased the 912,714 remaining pairs at a price of $2.40 per jean, for a total of $2,190,513.60. The letter was signed by Feldman. Tarrant denied receiving this letter, and disputed its authenticity.
Feldman also caused a third party to send Tarrant an e-mail on his behalf. Attached to this e-mail was a pdf file which contained a letter that also noted the parties' agreement, and stated that Bazak had bought 687,896 pairs of jeans. The purchase price was not included in this attachment. The letter appeared on Bazak's letterhead, and bore the typed signature of Bazak's President, Feldman. While Tarrant acknowledged receipt of this e-mail, the recipient claimed neither to recall seeing nor opening it or its attachment.
According to Bazak, it did not receive any objection from Tarrant to either its letter or e-mail.
Subsequently, Tarrant sold the jeans at issue to a third party for a higher price. This lawsuit followed, in which Bazak asserted claims that Tarrant had breached the parties' agreement.
Email Can Satisfy Requirements Of A Writing Under The Statute Of Frauds
Tarrant moved for summary judgment dismissing the complaint on the ground that Bazak's claim was barred by the Statute of Frauds. Alternatively, Tarrant claimed that Bazak's claims failed because the contract alleged by Bazak lacked essential prerequisites necessary for the formation of an enforceable contract. The Court denied Tarrant's motion, holding that issues of fact precluded it from determining at this time whether the parties had an enforceable contract.
Under New York's Statute of Frauds, contracts for the sale of goods for a price of $500 or more must, in most circumstances, be evidenced by a writing signed by the party against whom enforcement is sought, or by his authorized agent or broker. NY UCC § 2-201(1). An exception to this rule exists if both parties to the transaction are merchants. In such circumstances, a writing signed by the sender, and sent to, but not signed by, the party against whom enforcement is sought, can be sufficient. Thus, under the UCC's merchant's exception, UCC § 2-201(2):
Between merchants if within a reasonable time a writing in confirmation of the contract and sufficient against the sender is received and the party receiving it has reason to know its contents, it satisfies the requirements of subsection (1) against such party unless written notice of objection to its contents is given within ten days after it is received.
The court held that an e-mail containing the typed signature of the sender, sent to the party against who enforcement was sought, is a "writing in confirmation of the [parties' contract]" sufficient to satisfy the requirements of the UCC's merchant exception to the Statute of Frauds. Said the Court:
E-Mails Can Satisfy the "Writing" Requirement
Tarrant contends that Bazak's October 3 e-mail cannot satisfy UCC Section 2-201(2)'s "writing in confirmation" requirement because the statute does not specifically mention e-mail as a recognized form of writing. However, the October 3 e-mail does, as a matter of law, satisfy this element. The UCC states that "'written' or 'writing' includes printing, typewriting or any other intentional reduction to tangible form." … Although e-mails are intangible messages during their transmission, this fact alone does not prove fatal to their qualifying as writings under the UCC. Aside from posted mail, the forms of communication regularly recognized by the courts as fulfilling the UCC "writing" requirement, such as fax, telex and telegraph, are all intangible forms of communication during portions of their transmission. Just as messages sent using these accepted methods can be rendered tangible, thereby falling within the UCC definition, so too can e-mails. Additionally, because "[u]nder any computer storage method, the computer system 'remembers' the message even after being turned off," whether or not the e-mail is eventually printed on paper or saved on the server, it remains an objectively observable and tangible record that such a confirmation exists. Consequently, there appears to be little distinction between e-mails and other forms of communication regularly recognized under the Statute as adequate "writings."
The Court held that such a result furthers the public policy behind the Statute of Frauds, which "aims to guard against fraud and perjury by requiring some proof of a contract." An e-mail, noted the Court, "suffices as much as a letter, a telegram or a fax to provide such an objective indication of an existing agreement."
The Court further held that the presence of Feldman's typed signature on the e-mail attachment rendered it "sufficient against the sender" (i.e. signed) for the purposes of Section 2-201(2).
The Court upheld the adequacy of the confirmatory e-mail and its attachment notwithstanding the fact that it only contained an inaccurate statement of the quantity of goods to the purchased, and did not set forth the price to be paid.
Issues Of Fact As To Whether Parties Entered Into An Enforceable Contract Preclude Award Of Summary Judgment
Notwithstanding its determination that the e-mail and its attachment constituted a writing sufficient for the Statute of Frauds, issues of fact existed as to whether the parties had entered into an enforceable contract which precluded a grant of summary judgment.
On this motion, the Court held that issues of fact existed as to the applicability of the merchants exception to the parties' contract, and thus whether the Statute of Frauds rendered the contract unenforceable. The defendant's claim that the recipient of the e-mail had no recollection of opening it, created issues of fact as to whether Tarrant had "reason to know of its contents," a prerequisite to the applicability of the merchant's exception. Issues of fact also existed as to whether Tarrant objected to these communications, which also prevented the court from rendering a determination as to UCC 2-201(2)'s applicability on this motion.
The Court further held that issues of fact as to the possibility of performance of the contract (apparently Tarrant sold some of the goods to a third party that Bazak was to buy before Bazak sent its October e-mail), as well as to the existence of mutual assent by the parties to enter into a contract, prevented the Court from rendering a determination as to whether the parties had in fact entered into an enforceable contract.
Finally, the Court held that issues of fact as to the authenticity of the October 3 letter precluded the Court from determining at this time whether it was a writing sufficient to satisfy the merchant's exception to the Statute of Frauds.
As a result, the Court denied defendant's motion for summary judgment, leaving the ultimate question of the existence of an enforceable contract between them to be resolved at trial.


text:
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module.exports = function(config) {
    config.set({
        basePath: '',
        frameworks: ['mocha', 'sinon-chai'],
        webpackMiddleware: {
            noInfo: true
        },
        coverageReporter: {
            type: 'html',
            dir: 'coverage/'
        },
        reporters: ['progress', 'coverage'],
        port: 9876,
        colors: true,
        logLevel: config.LOG_INFO,
        autoWatch: true,
        browsers: ['PhantomJS'],
        singleRun: false
    });
};


>> Click through the slideshow to see images from the 2017 Faxon Law New Haven Road Race.
Jordan Hasay dominated the women's race, running to a first-place finish in 1:06:35, Monday, September 4, 2017, at the 40th annual New Haven Road Race USATF 20K Championship in New Haven, Connecticut.
Fans and participants cheer on runners at the finish line, Monday, Sept. 4, 2017, at the 40th annual New Haven Road Race and 20K Championship in New Haven, Connecticut.
Runners cruise through the streets of New Haven, Monday, September 4, 2017, at the 40th annual New Haven Road Race and USATF 20K Championship in New Haven, Connecticut.
Fans and runners cheer on runners at the finish line, Monday, September 4, 2017, at the 40th annual New Haven Road Race and 20K Championship in New Haven, Connecticut.
Runners cruise through the streets, Monday, September 4, 2017, at the 40th annual New Haven Road Race and USATF 20K Championship in New Haven, Connecticut.
Runners cruise through the streets, Monday, September 4, 2017, at the 40th annual New Haven Road Race and 20K Championship in New Haven, Connecticut.
Spectators keep a close watch at the finish line at the 40th annual New Haven Road Race and USATF 20K Championship, Monday, September 4, 2017, in New Haven, Connecticut.
New Haven Register photojournalist Peter Hvizdak, Monday, September 4, 2017, at the 40th annual New Haven Road Race and USATF 20K Championship in New Haven, Connecticut.
Becky Wade placed fourth with a time of 1:08:05 in the women's USATF 20K Championship, Monday, September 4, 2017, at the 40th annual New Haven Road Race and in New Haven, Connecticut.
The defending champion in the women's 20K, Aliphine Tuliamuk places second in 1:07:49, Monday, September 4, 2017, at the 40th annual New Haven Road Race and USATF 20K Championship in New Haven, Connecticut.


text:
From Black Wall Street to George Floyd, the echoes of trauma shape Black Americans' reality
Josh Dulaney
Oklahoman
Editor's note: The following first-person accounts of the 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre contain graphic depictions and antiquated racial terminology. We have chosen not to edit these survivor accounts to leave their stories unencumbered by interpretation or exclusion.
TULSA — From a small office inside the Greenwood Cultural Center on a recent Saturday afternoon, Tiffany Crutcher could look south and see a Black Wall Street mural under a freeway, then east and see Vernon African Methodist Episcopal Church, the only Black-owned building that remains from the Tulsa Race Massacre of 1921.
A short walk would lead to old railroad tracks that historically divided the predominantly Black north side of Tulsa from the south part of the city.
But Crutcher doesn't need to look at artwork, landmarks or relics to be reminded of the racially motivated destruction of Black prosperity.
Her family's past is marked by the massacre, which sparked what some experts in Oklahoma and across the country refer to as "transgenerational trauma," or the concept that people who experience traumatic events can pass negative emotional and mental symptoms from the event, as well as coping behaviors, to future generations of their family.
Tulsa events:100th anniversary observances of 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre
Crutcher said her great-grandmother, Rebecca Brown Crutcher, fled the Greenwood District for Muskogee when arson fires destroyed Black livelihoods and bullets killed Black lives 100 years ago in a two-day massacre.
Crutcher also said she was an adult before she learned anything about the massacre.
Across the country when she told other Black people she was from Tulsa, some responded by mentioning Black Wall Street and the deadly rampage.
Finally, she asked her father about it.
"My dad didn't learn about it until he got back from Vietnam right when Martin Luther King was assassinated and riots broke out," Crutcher said. "That's when she whispered to him — she whispered — 'something like that happened here.'"
Like many Black Americans who have lost loved ones in recent years, Crutcher sees a link between violent acts of white supremacism in America's past and deadly incidents today.
"What was she thinking, having to get away from racial terror, violence and mobs of white rioters?" Crutcher said about her great-grandmother. "When I think about that, I can't help but fast forward and think about what happened to my twin brother when police officers were coming up on him with guns, and helicopters were looming, and he had his hands up just like the Black men in the massacre had their hands up."
Her twin brother was Terence Crutcher.
On Sept. 16, 2016, he was 40 years old when he was shot and killed by former Tulsa police officer Betty Shelby, while he was next to his SUV in the middle of a road.
Video from a police helicopter and patrol car dashcam showed Crutcher had his hands in the air.
More:Skewed view of Tulsa Race Massacre started on Day 1 with 'The Story That Set Tulsa Ablaze'
Shelby testified in court she was scared, Crutcher wasn't obeying commands and he appeared to be reaching into his vehicle. Crutcher was unarmed. An autopsy revealed he had PCP in his system.
A jury found Shelby not guilty of first-degree manslaughter.
For Tiffany Crutcher — an activist in the local community — Tulsa and the Greenwood District provide inspiration for what can be, and heartache over what is done.
"That's my story, and I'm going to stop because I'm about to bust out in tears," she said.
Black Wall Street:15 books to help you learn about the Tulsa Race Massacre
Repairing worlds
For Black descendants of historical trauma, not only do thoughts of what happened to their families haunt them, but the places in which those tragedies occurred also can be triggers for pain, grief and continued fear.
Mark A. Davis, chief programs officer of Mental Health Association Oklahoma, grew up in north Tulsa and was well-aware of the massacre.
More:In pursuit of reparations, Tulsa Race Massacre survivors ask city to 'do the right thing'
"Those stories of property being burned, bombings, people's kids being killed and murdered, those stories are passed down, and to know that one is still existing within feet or miles of where this unfortunate traumatic event occurred in 1921, just being in that area could also provoke or invoke feelings of anger, sadness, depression, stress, worry, concern," Davis said.
'A conspiracy of silence': Tulsa Race Massacre was absent from schools for generations Black Wall Street wealth lost in Tulsa massacre spans generations, experts say 'Dodging bullets' and coming home to 'nothing left': An illustrated history of the Tulsa Race Massacre. 100 years after Black Wall Street burned, Greenwood continues rebuilding from Tulsa massacre
Indeed, the stories echo today in Black culture and shape Black thought, some said.
Brandon Jones, a Minnesota-based behavioral health consultant, said trauma is what links events like Tulsa and the Black experience today.
"The mindset in the Black community is, we hear 'pull yourself up by your bootstraps,' but at any time that can be taken away, so that's a constant fear in the Black community," Jones said. "'Just keep your head down and get a job' doesn't work anymore ... due to economic oppression and racial tension, you live in fear that at any time your life can be taken. We are a narrative people who share stories. That instills fear."
An emerging field of research supports those claims, with some experts concluding the emotional and psychological impact of a single traumatic event can have a ripple effect through subsequent generations of a survivor's family.
Researchers have studied such impacts among the offspring of those who have survived some of history's deadliest events, from the Nazi Holocaust and the atomic bombs in Japan, to the killing of nearly 1.5 million Armenians in Ottoman Turkey and the Khmer Rouge genocide in Cambodia.
More:'We survived it, thank God.' Tulsa Race Massacre survivor discusses tragedy 100 years later
Brent Bezo, at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, examined the intergenerational impact of the early 1930s Holodomor genocide — a famine orchestrated by Soviet dictator Josef Stalin that killed millions — on three generations in 15 Ukrainian families.
After 45 interviews with first-generation survivors, second-generation adult children and third-generation adult grandchildren of the same line, Bezo concluded that a "constellation of emotions, inner states and trauma-based coping strategies" were not only found in the survivors during the genocide period, but were also transmitted into the second and third generations.
Those emotions included horror, fear, mistrust, sadness, shame, anger, stress, anxiety and decreased self-worth.
The findings were published in a 2015 article for the journal "Social Science and Medicine," with one conclusion being the need for "multi-framework approaches for studying and healing collective trauma."
Skeptics of such research — which often raises the controversial question of whether trauma can be inherited through biology — say the work is rife with red flags like small sample sizes and misguided claims of causality.
More:The Tulsa Race Massacre was covered up for years. The Oklahoman is committed to changing that.
Still, those who study the issue say common themes have emerged, mainly with regard to how the offspring of trauma survivors form their own identities, and how they cope with what has happened in their families.
"You're speaking about a new way of writing history, in the sense of what we are working with is lived history," said Yael Danieli, founder and director of the New York-based International Center for Multigenerational Legacies of Trauma. "History is being lived in people's lives, not just how we write in books."
Editor of the "International Handbook of Multigenerational Legacies of Trauma," Danieli says trauma is transmitted in word, writing, body language and the "conspiracy of silence" after the event.
'Here is where the healing must begin':OKC council condemns Tulsa Race Massacre coverup
Danieli said that's one of several coping strategies trauma survivors and their children use — to behave as though the event never happened.
In Tulsa, Mount Zion Baptist Church was another place of worship destroyed in the massacre. The church was rebuilt in the decades that followed, but Pastor Leroy Cole said younger generations experience fear passed down.
And, Cole said, there is reluctance among some to discuss the massacre.
"It's just the idea that if you have a traumatic event that is so traumatic you don't want to remember it, and so what happens is that sometimes when we discuss the massacre now, you'll have some pushback, and the pushback comes from the idea of we really don't want that tag, but it is history," Cole said.
100 years later:Stacey Abrams to be keynote speaker at 'Remember & Rise' centennial event
The offspring of trauma survivors exhibit other commonalities.
Danieli, the researcher, said descendants often are confused about their place in the world, which they see as dangerous and indifferent to their family's suffering.
Depression and post-traumatic stress are common experiences.
"I believe profoundly that children of survivors of all kinds, their most profound commitment is to repair the world for their parents, their forebears and themselves," Danieli said.
'Racial battle fatigue'
Against the backdrop of slavery, Jim Crow laws, racial massacres and modern police shootings involving African Americans, some in the Black community say the constant work of repairing their families and culture is undertaken in a system that is inherently against them.
"Whether it's limited access to medical services, being forced to live in certain subpar neighborhoods, poor resources in regards to educational systems, being excluded from various employment opportunities, when you're brought up in a system like that, then it makes it very difficult for people to really have a healthy of quality of life," Davis said.
Symptoms of what Davis calls "race-based traumatic stress" include depression, anger, recurring thoughts of a negative experience, sleeplessness, hyper-vigilance and low self-esteem.
Jones, the behavioral consultant, suggested such stress can manifest in a Black person's daily interactions with those outside the Black community.
Racial trauma:Breonna Taylor, George Floyd and the racial trauma of Black death
What has been handed down from previous generations who learned to survive is the concept of conforming to what "polite society" expects, Jones said, which really means white standards for social interaction.
This teaching, on top of daily interactions with non-Black people who scrutinize, fear, ignore or patronize Blackness, leads to mental and emotional burnout, Jones said.
"We think about it before the interaction comes up," he said. "It's a psychological Olympics. Racial battle fatigue. When Black people go into spaces, we are going in with psychological exhaustion. Oftentimes we are not ourselves. We have to fit a paradigm and adjust."
Lloyd Ware, a 63-year-old Black man who recently came from Tennessee to revisit Greenwood, having played sports at Oral Roberts University in the early 1980s, suggested that, for Black people, the paradigm can change throughout a single day.
"You have to probably speak three different languages — ghetto-neighborhood, common language and upper class," Ware said. "So you have to be able to navigate in all three of those fluently."
Story continues below.
In Greenwood, Ware took time to tour John Hope Franklin Reconciliation Park, which, with artwork and plaques, tells the story of the massacre.
He recalled not knowing anything about the deadly event until attending ORU and touring historic Black towns across Oklahoma.
He suggested that navigating the language maze is only a part of how Black people move about in American society.
"When you're pulled over, you're wondering, 'OK, is this going to be my last day on this Earth?'" he said. "You're tense, you're nervous, you make sure you don't say the wrong thing, don't tick nobody off, make sure you follow all the commands. Keep your hands visible and be very polite and respectful. That's a part of it and something you've got to endure and live with. I don't get a fair shake. Sometimes you've got to be better than the other person just to be on the same level."
Annette Lawrence, 62, also visited Reconciliation Park. Part of the Black experience, she said, is making younger Black people aware of the biases some police officers bring to their job.
"You have to be mindful and careful of every move you make, so you are not stereotyped for some other incident that you had nothing to do with," Lawrence said.
Davis said the concept is reasonable when seen through the lens of historical trauma.
"When you reflect back on the fact that people have lost family members, they've lost their property, they lost their sense of foundation, there's a tendency which is very much understandable, to where there's a lack of trust (of) public entities, governments, local, state that is carried down," he said.
While Black people are working through these issues, they must also endure calls by some — typically of the "bootstraps" kind — to move on from past events. Or, get over it.
Davis is aware of the sentiment.
But with some Tulsa Race Massacre victims still not accounted for and a city digging for mass gravesites, Davis said the "get over it" mentality strips people of their humanity, dignity and justice.
More:Led by modern-day 'Moses,' Tulsa's Mount Zion Baptist rose from ashes after race massacre
Remembering what happened is not about race or politics but about doing what is right and being respectful, Davis said.
"If that was your grandmother or your grandfather that was shot and murdered, and their property and everything that they owned was burned to the ground, and if these were your kids that were killed out in the streets, in Greenwood, would you still have that sentiment?" he said. "Would you still have that perspective? If this was your family, would you feel the same knowing that your grandfather is buried somewhere out there? Why don't you forget about it?"
From 2020: Visitors to Tulsa's Greenwood District left to wonder what could have been
'History is repeating itself'
In front of the Black Wall Street mural, a colorful homage to Greenwood's rich history, Ethan Levy, dressed in a graduation robe, posed for photos.
He tossed a football from one hand to the other.
Levy played at Will Rogers College High School. His father, Tony Levy, was a standout athlete at Wynnewood High School who went on to play defensive back for the University of Oklahoma Sooners.
Levy said he has studied the Tulsa Race Massacre and read about the 1992 Los Angeles riots that erupted after four police officers charged with excessive use of force in the beating of Rodney King were found not guilty.
"It seems like history is repeating itself," Levy said, reflecting on recent police shootings and protests that have turned volatile at times.
At the Greenwood Cultural Center, Tiffany Crutcher was busy organizing events for the massacre anniversary. She heads the Terence Crutcher Memorial Foundation and is spearheading the move to build a Tulsa Race Massacre memorial in Greenwood.
Crutcher pointed to the Vernon African Methodist Episcopal Church across the street, where a funeral was being held and elderly Black visitors walked in and out of the sanctuary.
"I played right across the street at that church, on that playground, as a little girl, because my parents are ministers and gospel musicians and they would do musical workshops in the church, and me and my brothers would play on that sacred land and we didn't know it was sacred land," she said. "We didn't know it was blood-stained."
At 311 N Greenwood Ave., work on the church began in 1919. When the massacre unfolded two years later, some Black worshipers hid in the church's basement.
Crutcher regrets not asking her great-grandmother about the massacre. But she said her great-grandmother was forced into silence and had to deal with internalized grief because of the fear that if she said anything, something similar would happen again.
"The same racist culture that burned down Black Wall Street was the same culture that killed my brother with his hands in the air," Crutcher said. "It's the same culture that killed my twin brother. And when we talk about the continued harm, all you have to do is open up your eyes and see the continued effects of what happened 100 years ago."


A dependent care flexible spending account (DCFSA) is a pre-tax benefit account used to pay for eligible dependent care services.
The COBRA payment process is subject to various rules in terms of grace periods, notification, premium payment methods, and treatment of insignificant shortfalls.
A health flexible spending account (FSA) is a pre-tax account used to pay for out-of-pocket health care costs for a participant as well as a participant's spouse and eligible dependents.
The Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985 (COBRA) allows qualified beneficiaries who lose health benefits due to a qualifying event to continue group health benefits.
On June 22, 2017, the U.S. Senate released a "Discussion Draft" of the "Better Care Reconciliation Act of 2017" (BCRA), aimed at "repealing and replacing" the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA).
The Department of Labor is requesting comment on a draft model form to request information regarding nonquantitative treatment limitations.
The rule amends standards relating to special enrollment periods, guaranteed availability, and the timing of the annual open enrollment period in the individual market.
A Summary of Benefits and Coverage (SBC) is four page (double-sided) communication required by the federal government. It must contain specific information, in a specific order, and with a minimum size type, about a group health benefit's coverage and limitations.
Entities such as employers with group health plans that provide prescription drug coverage to individuals that are eligible for Medicare Part D have two major disclosure requirements that they must meet at least annually.
On February 17, 2017, the Department of Health and Human Services' Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) issued a proposed rule to stabilize the health insurance market and address risks to the individual and small group markets.
On December 20, 2016, the Department of Labor, Department of Health and Human Services, and the Treasury issued FAQs About Affordable Care Act Implementation Part 35. The FAQ covers a new HIPAA special enrollment period, an update on women's preventive services that must be covered, and clarifying information on qualifying small employer health reimbursement arrangements.
On October 31, 2016, the U.S. Department of the Treasury, Department of Labor, and Department of Health and Human Services issued final regulations regarding the definition of short-term, limited-duration insurance, standards for travel insurance and supplemental health insurance coverage to be considered excepted benefits, and an amendment relating to the prohibition on lifetime and annual dollar limits.
A Summary of Benefits and Coverage (SBC) is two-and-a-half page (double-sided) communication required by the federal government. It must contain specific information, in a specific order, and with a minimum size type, about a group health benefit's coverage and limitations.
In a tri-agency proposed rule, the Department of Labor (DOL), Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), and Department of Treasury (Treasury) have published guidance discussing expatriate health plans (expat plans), excepted benefits, and essential health benefits (EHBs).
Answers question on coverage of preventive services, rescissions of coverage, out-of-network emergency services, clinical trial coverage, cost-sharing limitations, the Mental Health Parity Act, and the Women's Health and Cancer Rights Act.
Form 1094-C is used in combination with Form 1095-C to determine employer shared responsibility penalties.
IRS Form 1095-C will primarily be used to meet the Section 6056 reporting requirement. The Section 6056 reporting requirement relates to the employer shared responsibility/play or pay requirement.
The 2017 Benefit and Payment Parameters (BPP) rule is an annual rule that sets policies relating to the ACA.
In December 2015, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) issued a final rule that clarifies various topics relating to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) and premium tax credit eligibility provisions. The rule finalizes regulations that were proposed years earlier.
President Obama has signed the omnibus legislation that includes the Consolidated Appropriations Act for 2016 and a tax extenders package. The agreement will keep the federal government running through September 2016. Within the legislation is language that significantly impacts provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), largely through delays of upcoming taxes.
On December 16, 2015, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and other federal agencies released IRS Notice 2015-87, which is a "potpourri" update that covers many different topics relating to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), including some relating to market reforms.
Federal agencies have released the proposed rule for the 2017 Benefit Payment and Parameters. Among other items, it provides updates and annual provisions relating to risk adjustments, reinsurance, and risk corridors programs; cost-sharing parameters and cost-sharing reductions; user fees for Federally-Facilitated Exchanges (FFEs); the standards for open enrollment for the individual market for the 2017 benefit year; updates to the Small Business Health Options Program (SHOP); definitions of large and small employer; guaranteed availability; and the medical loss ratio (MLR) program.
Following delays in the DOL regulation, the "Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015" which was signed by President Obama on November 2, 2015, repealed the auto-enrollment requirement. Employers are still free to use default or negative elections for employee enrollment.
In October 2015, the Department of Labor (DOL) provided an informational FAQ relating to the Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act (MHPAEA) and Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) market reform provisions.
The U.S. Senate, following the House of Representatives, has passed House Resolution 1624, the "Protecting Affordable Coverage for Employees Act" or "PACE Act" which will be sent to President Obama's desk for signature. It is anticipated the President will sign the Act into law.
6055 Reporting, HRAs, and "Supplemental Coverage"
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) implemented section 6055 of the Internal Revenue Code, which requires IRS reporting from any entity that provides "minimum essential coverage" (MEC) to individuals. Employers who are applicable large employers (ALEs) have related reporting obligations under section 6056.
Under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), individuals are required to have health insurance while applicable large employers (ALEs) are required to offer health benefits to their full-time employees. In order for the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to verify that (1) individuals have the required minimum essential coverage, (2) individuals who request premium tax credits are entitled to them, and (3) ALEs are meeting their shared responsibility (play or pay) obligations, employers with 50 or more full-time or full-time equivalent employees and insurers will be required to report on the health coverage they offer.
The Supreme Court issued its opinion in King v. Burwell, holding that the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) may issue regulations to extend tax-credit subsidies to coverage purchased through Exchanges established by the federal government under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA).
After a few quiet months, regulatory agencies have picked up steam, leaving employers with a significant amount of new information to digest and work through.
The employer shared responsibility (i.e., "play or pay") requirements went into effect in 2015 for large employers only (those with 100 or more full-time or full-time-equivalent employees). Even though they generally will not be liable for penalties until 2016, mid-size employers (employers with 50 to 99 full-time or full-time-equivalent employees) will need to report on the coverage they offered for 2015, so long as they meet the maintenance requirements for transition relief.
On May 26, 2015, federal agencies, including the Department of Labor (DOL), issued a short five-question FAQ on two PPACA-related issues: limitations on cost-sharing and provider discrimination.
In order for the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to verify that (1) individuals have the required minimum essential coverage, (2) individuals who request premium tax credits are entitled to them, and (3) applicable large employers (ALEs) are meeting their shared responsibility (play or pay) obligations, employers with 50 or more full-time or full-time equivalent employees and insurers will be required to report on the health coverage they offer. Reporting will first be due early in 2016, based on coverage in 2015.
Guidance on identifying full-time employees in order to comply with the employer-shared responsibility (play or pay) requirements of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA).
Regulatory agencies were quiet during the month of April. The most significant guidance came from a variety of federal agencies that issued various documents regarding wellness programs.
Employers that do not meet the requirements of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) need to be concerned about several potential penalties. Two significant penalties include the excise tax, which can be as much as $100 per affected individual per day, and the penalties that larger employers must pay if they do not meet their employer-shared responsibility/play or pay obligations.
On April 20, 2015, federal agencies released a Proposed Rule to amend regulations and provide guidance on implementing Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) as it relates to employer wellness programs.
The Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) was signed in 1974. The U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) is the agency responsible for administering and enforcing this law. For many years, most of ERISA's requirements applied to pension plans.
Health plan sponsors would be permitted to offer wraparound coverage to employees purchasing individual health insurance in the private market, including the Marketplace, in limited circumstances, under a new Final Rule issued by the Department of Labor (DOL) and other federal agencies.
On March 4, 2015, the U.S. Supreme Court heard oral arguments in King v. Burwell, a case that centers on the meaning of statutory language in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA).
Regulatory agencies were busy during the month of February, providing information on a variety of topics including: (1) reporting, (2) premium payment arrangements, (3) single benefit products and excepted benefits, (4) and benefit parameters. More information was also released on the "Cadillac tax" and on the definition of "spouse" as it relates to the Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA).
The regulatory agencies have recently issued guidance that may affect employers that have been reimbursing premiums for individual health coverage or Medicare Part B, Part D or Medigap premiums for active employees.
The excise tax on high cost plans (also referred to as the Cadillac tax and the 4980I tax) is scheduled to take effect in 2018. To date, regulations have not been issued, so many of the details about how the tax will operate are unclear.
During the month of December Congress passed a temporary increase to the transit pass and vanpooling benefit and the regulatory agencies released several cost-of-living increases, proposed relatively minor revisions to the Summary of Benefits and Coverage (SBC) requirement, and updated the list of counties in which foreign language versions of the SBC and other benefits notices may be required.
The month of November brought a new delay in reporting required from self-funded plans. It also brought several new notices and regulations that may affect sponsors of group health plans and an updated employer guide and health plan compliance checklist from the Department of Labor (DOL).
The transitional reinsurance fee (TRF) applies to fully insured and self-funded major medical plans for 2014, 2015, and 2016.
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has extended the deadline for group health plans to complete their 2014 transitional reinsurance fee (TRF) submission.
The upcoming employer-shared responsibility ("play or pay") requirements have spawned a number of different approaches to meeting the requirement that large employers offer coverage or pay penalties.
2015 Annual Limits Card includes 2014 and 2015 limits for contributions and benefit limits, compensation amounts, social security, health Plan limits, Medicare, and more.
During the month of October, there were developments in the courts and new information from the regulatory agencies that may affect sponsors of group health plans.
On Friday, October 31, 2014, the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) quietly updated its Health Plan Identifier information page to delay the requirement that insurance carriers and self-funded health plans obtain a health plan identifier (HPID).
In the past few weeks, the regulatory agencies have issued details on a number of items of interest to sponsors of group health plans.
August 2014 brought a court case that will be of interest to employers that apply significant penalties to those who choose not to participate in wellness programs. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) has now provided an additional way for religious organizations that object to covering contraceptives to receive an exemption and has offered some insight into how it will allow closely-held for-profit organizations that object to covering contraceptives to receive an exemption.
The month of July brought court cases, draft forms, and a FAQ of interest to group health plans.
The following is a summary of draft forms. Some of this information may change when final forms, and the instructions, are released.
On July 22, 2014, two Courts of Appeals issued decisions that address whether only people who live in states that have state-run Marketplaces (which are also called exchanges) are eligible to receive premium tax credits or subsidies under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA).
As was the case last year, insurers with medical loss ratios (MLRs) that were below the prescribed levels on their blocks of business must issue rebates to policyholders. Insurers must pay rebates owed on calendar year 2013 experience by August 1, 2014. The rules for calculating and distributing these rebates are largely the same this year as they were last year.
June 2014 During the month of June, rules and decisions that potentially affect some or all group health plans were issued by the regulatory agencies and the Supreme Court of the United States.
Most of the major rules that affect 2014 and 2015 requirements under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) have been issued, so the regulatory agencies have begun addressing some of the details that need additional clarification. A number of notices were released during the month of May that address a wide range of open items that affect group health plans.
As we approach the month of April, employers should be taking steps to ensure they are prepared to meet the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) requirements that begin in 2014 and in 2015. In many instances, employers will need to begin tracking employees' hours in the next month or two. In addition, while some requirements vary based on employer size, other requirements apply to all employers. The most significant upcoming requirements and options for an employer include the following.
The regulatory agencies issued a number of documents during the month of March, as they have tried to provide needed information with respect to 2014 and 2015 obligations under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA). Many employers will need to provide reporting on the coverage they offer during the 2015 calendar year; the IRS has now issued final regulations that provide details on this requirement.
In order for the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to verify that individuals and employers are meeting their shared responsibility obligations and that individuals who request premium tax credits are entitled to them, employers and issuers will be required to provide reporting on the health coverage they offer. The reporting requirements are in two separate sections of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) -- sections 6055 and 6056. Reporting will first be due early in 2016, based on coverage in 2015.
In order for the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to verify that individuals and employers are meeting their shared responsibility obligations and that individuals who request premium tax credits are entitled to them, employers and issuers will be required to provide reporting on the health coverage they offer.
On March 5, 2014, the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) released a Bulletin that allows state insurance departments to permit the renewal through October 1, 2016, of individual and small group policies that do not meet the "market reform" requirements of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA).
On February 20, 2014, the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), the Department of Labor (DOL) and the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) released final regulations on the eligibility waiting period requirements.
On February 10, 2014, the IRS issued final regulations on the employer-shared responsibility requirements, often known as "play or pay." This is the requirement that large employers offer adequate coverage to their full-time employees or pay penalties. The final regulations follow the proposed regulations (which were issued in January 2013) in many respects, but also contain some surprises.
On January 9, 2014, the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), the Department of Labor (DOL) and the Department of the Treasury (IRS) issued Frequently Asked Questions - Part XVIII that provides additional information about requirements in several areas.
Employers that issued 250 or more W-2s in the prior calendar year must include the value of "employer-sponsored group health coverage" on their employees' W-2s. This means that an employer that issued 250 or more W-2s during 2012 must include the value of employer-sponsored coverage on the employee's 2013 W-2 (to be issued in January 2014).
On December 12, 2013, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) released an Interim Final Rule that formally extends some of the marketplace (also known as the exchange) deadlines and encourages insurers to provide additional extensions if possible.
The wellness program rules provide an exception to the general rule that employers may not take a person's health status into account with respect to eligibility, benefits, or premiums under a group health plan. Wellness programs, therefore, are allowed if they are designed to help employees improve their health; if they are primarily punitive they will not be allowed.
The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) have recently issued several final and proposed rules of interest to employers.
The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) published Final Regulations on the Additional Medicare Tax (AMT) on Nov. 29, 2013, and an updated and comprehensive FAQ on Dec. 2, 2013. There are few changes from the proposed requirements.
On Nov. 14, 2013) the White House announced that insurers will not be required to meet most of the provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) if they renew individual or small group policies that were in effect on Oct. 1, 2013.
On Oct. 30, 2013, the Internal Revenue Service issued a notice that liberalizes the "use it or lose it" rule that applies to health flexible spending accounts (HFSAs) and clarifies that employers of all sizes may choose to amend their Section 125 plan to essentially treat the availability of the health marketplaces/exchanges as a one-time change in status event.
On Sept. 13, 2013, the IRS issued Notice 2013-54, which includes details on permissible health reim-bursement arrangements (HRAs), provides some clarification on minimum essential, minimum value and affordable coverage, and addresses payment of individual premiums through an employer-provided plan.
Open enrollment is scheduled to begin in the health marketplaces (also called the exchanges) on Oct. 1, and many employers and employees have questions about eligibility for coverage through the marketplace and premium subsidies. UBA has prepared a FAQ to address some of those questions.
PPACA brings numerous responsibilities and options to employers. Below is a summary of the PPACA provisions that apply to group health plans and whether the provision applies to insured large group plans.
PPACA brings numerous responsibilities and options to employers. Below is a summary of the PPACA provisions that apply to group health plans and whether the provision applies to insured small group plans provided inside and outside the SHOP exchange.
PPACA brings numerous responsibilities and options to employers. Below is a summary of the PPACA provisions that apply to group health plans and whether the provision applies to self-funded plans.
Very small employers with a high percentage of employees who earn low wages are eligible for a tax credit for employer contributions made to purchase health insurance. Non-profit organizations also are eligible - they will receive the credit as an offset to their payroll taxes. Governmental entities are not eligible unless they qualify as 501(c) organizations.
PPACA requires employers covered by the Fair Labor Standards Act to provide a notice about the upcoming health marketplaces (also called exchanges) to their employees. The notice is due Oct. 1, 2013. On Sept. 11, 2013 the Department of Labor (DOL) announced that it will not penalize employers that do not provide this notice.
On Sept. 5, 2013 the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) released the long awaited rules that describe the reporting that plans, employers and insurers will need to provide in support of the individual shared-responsibility and employer shared-responsibility requirements of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA). The rules are proposed, so some changes may occur when the rules are finalized.
This FAQ is based on Department of Labor (DOL) Technical Release 2013-02, which does not provide specific guidance on many issues. Consequently, some of the answers in this FAQ are based on agency guidance provided in similar situations. The answers in this FAQ assume the employer is completing the model notice that applies to employers that offer coverage.
Most employers must give a notice about the upcoming health exchanges/marketplaces to all existing employees by Oct. 1, 2013. Employees hired after that date must receive the notice within 14 days following their start date.
Although the employer shared responsibility requirements have been delayed to 2015, the individual responsibility requirement (also known as the individual mandate) is still scheduled to take effect in 2014.
UBA has prepared a Q&A to address recurring questions about the PCORI fee.
On May 29, 2013 the Department of Health and Human Services, the Internal Revenue Service and the Department of Labor jointly issued a final rule that addresses how wellness programs must operate under PPACA beginning in 2014. In many respects the final rules carry forward the rules that have been in effect for wellness programs since 2006, and most of the updates that were proposed last November have been adopted.
UBA has created an overview of the employee's responsibility to purchase coverage under PPACA (the individual mandate) and on the basics of the exchanges. The information in this piece is basic, but should provide a starting place for employers who want to educate their employees on this law.


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Science professor whose talk was cancelled by MIT over diversity views takes Princeton speech offer
Abbot's will talk about climate change. His opinions for which MIT canceled its event were about diversity, equity inclusion initiatives
(Williams B. Plowman / Getty Images)
By Sophie Mann
In the wake of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology canceling a planned guest lecture by a University of Chicago associate professor of geophysical science, Princeton University's James Madison Program in American Ideals & Institutions has stepped in to pick up the invite.
Professor Dorian Abbot's planned lecture on climate and the potential for life on other planet was canceled by the school because of comments he has had made about diversity, equity and inclusion.
The Princeton event is scheduled for Thursday, the same day as the canceled MIT event.
Abbot has made the case that introducing and subsequently mandating diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) efforts in collegiate departments and beyond was introducing bias as opposed to eliminating it.
Abbot also has spoken publicly about his belief that college campuses and academic departments have embraced an orthodoxy around DEI initiatives and the logic behind them that, if and when challenged, tends to result in significant and brutal punishment for the challenger.
"Nearly every decision taken on campus, from admissions, to faculty hiring, to course content, to teaching methods, is made through the lens of DEI. This regime was imposed from the top and has never been adequately debated. In the current climate it cannot be openly debated: the emotions around DEI are so strong that self-censorship among dissenting faculty is nearly universal," wrote Abbot in a Newsweek op-ed over the summer.
MIT's earth, atmospheric and planetary sciences department, in cancelling the lecture that had been on the books since 2020, invited him to speak at the university to fellow scientists (instead of the general public, who would have been the audience at the original address) at a later date. Abbot says he has accepted the follow up invitation. He will address members of the MIT academic community on May 4, 2022.
L. Rafael Reif, the president of MIT, wrote in a mass email to the university on Monday that "there is no doubt that this matter has caused many people inside and outside our community to question the institute's commitment to free expression. Some report feeling that certain topics are now off limits at MIT."
He also said: "Let me say clearly what I have observed through more than 40 years at MIT: Freedom of expression is a fundamental value of the institute."
Princeton professor Robert George said about the event: "I'm delighted to report that we've expanded the ZOOM quota for Dr. Dorian Abbot's Princeton lecture – the one shockingly and shamefully canceled by MIT – and literally thousands of people have registered."
Abbot said in an email to Inside Higher Ed of the situation: "People can judge my character for themselves based on how I've handled this situation. I also encourage everyone to attend my lecture on Thursday and see for themselves whether I am fit to give a public-facing lecture."


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Archival quality Giclée prints available to buy through Milksok. These prints are A2 (420 X 594mm) and £45 each with Free Shipping World Wide.
A double page spread of Nobrow Issue 2: The Jungle. The artwork was later used by Comme Des Garcons as part of a mail out to promote a spring/summer collection - The illustration was morphed into the artwork of Otomo Katsuhiro.
Drawings that never find a home go to Instagram.
Scrawled and shipped out using The Royal Mail in 2018.


Thank you for your interest in advertising with us, we'd be happy to customize an effective campaign to your company's specific needs. Below, you'll find general information to help answer some common questions about advertising on SpeedGuide.
SpeedGuide.net attracts technically advanced audience, interested in optimizing computer operating systems and tuning software for achieving the best possible performance and stability. Our main focus is Broadband Internet connection optimization, and the Windows platform. Both novice and advanced users can benefit from the large pool of original unique information on SpeedGuide.
Currently we serve over 6 Million pages monthly to about 1 Million unique users, and the site is growing daily, both in content and audience. SpeedGuide.net was found in 1999, it has been recognized by numerous online and printed news sources, such as Business Week, The Washington Post, Maximum PC, PC Magazine, ZDTV/TechTV, etc. SpeedGuide.net presents an unique opportunity for you to reach a technically aware audience at a competitive price.
Highly Targeted Audience Reach - Broadband related, Networking, Wireless, Security, PC Hardware/Software Internet advertising campaigns will all have the advantage of reaching technically aware individuals, very likely of buying technology and network related products and services.
SpeedGuide.net has established as one of the leading sources of Broadband information on the net. If your target is broadband users, buyers, or the DSL/Broadband industry in general, advertising with us would provide the most concentrated audience for your advertising budget.
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Advertising based on pageviews, not hits which can be misleading. You only pay for the actual number of banners viewed.
Advanced Ad Serving - We use state-of-the-art industry standard ad-serving and tracking platforms to allow for precise targetting, limiting exposure of particular ad to any user, tracking of views/performance, equal spread throughout the campaign period, geo-targetting, delivery caps, and many additional features, all designed to maximze reach and campaign performance.
Flexible Creatives - We can accomodate various standard IAB display ad units, as well as various media formats, sponsored text links, etc.
SpeedGuide is exclusively represented by PubGalaxy, specializing in Web and Mobile ad space monetization.
We also participate in the Google AdSense program for displaying contextual remnant banner inventory throughout the site. This form of advertising does not guarantee placement or volume, however it may work well for testing and lower volume/budget campaigns. To use this alternative, you can sign-up for Google AdWords and simply choose SpeedGuide.net as your target placement.
We may at any time revise our advertising policies without notice. SpeedGuide.net reserves the right to refuse any advertisement request. Adult, gambling and any advertising found offensive at our sole discretion will not be allowed on the site. All Advertising shall also be subject to the SpeedGuide.net Standard Advertising Terms and Conditions, incorporated herein by reference and can be found here.
Advertising policy & rates effective February 1st, 2019.


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Home Sports World Cup: Wales Supporter Dies In Qatar
World Cup: Wales Supporter Dies In Qatar
A Wales supporter has sadly died while visiting Qatar to watch his country's team in the 2022 World Cup.
Kevin Davies, 62, from Pembrokeshire, was in Doha with his son and friends and is believed to have died from natural causes.
The Welsh Fan Embassy tweeted on Saturday: "Unfortunately we have lost one of the Red wall yesterday in Qatar, our sincere condolences go out to his son here in Doha and his family back in Wales. May he rest in peace."
READ ALSO: World Cup: Africa Records First Win As Senegal Defeat Hosts Qatar
The Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office has confirmed it is 'supporting the family of a British man who has died in Qatar'.
Football Supporters Association Cymru's Paul Corkrey said: 'He was part of the Red Wall and we're all devastated for him and his family.
'We're all like one big family and we lost one of our family members today.'
Mr. Corkrey also paid tribute to Mr Davies's son and friends, saying they had been very 'brave' in the way they had handled the situation.
The British Embassy, Qatari authorities and the Football Association of Wales (FAW), as well as travel company Wonky Sheep, are said to be helping the man's son to make all the necessary preparations and fly home.
Noel Mooney, chief executive of the FAW, wrote on Twitter: 'So sorry to hear that one of our supporters has passed away here.'
He added: 'Our condolences go to the family and of course we are here to support however we can.'
FA Wales said in a statement: 'Our deepest condolences from everyone at the Football Association of Wales.
'Our thoughts are with Kevin's family and friends at this sad time. The FAW is in contact with Kevin's family to help in whatever way we can.'
Wales Supporter
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Q: Impala query returning incorrect results in Pyspark I am trying to get count of an Impala table from pyspark. But I am getting improper results in spark.
The impala table is a partitioned table. It is partitioned on year and month (EX: 201906).  I am even doing a Invalidate metadata,alter table recover partitions and refresh table after updating the table. But I still dont get proper results in spark.
Executing
select count(*) dbname.tablename where timestamp>='2019-06-01' and timestamp<='2019-06-15'

returns
10931

and
spark.sql("select count(*) dbname.tablename") where timestamp>='2019-06-01' and timestamp<='2019-06-15'

returns
0

A: The tables it's parquet one and write the rows from Impala?
If yes, the answer is here.

Missing results in Hive, Spark, Pig, Custom MapReduce jobs, and other Java applications when filtering Parquet data written by Impala

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Aftab Shivdasani is an actor and a producer born in Mumbai. He is born to a Hindu father and a British mother and has an older sister. He started out in the industry as a child actor. Well known movies include Mast and Awara Paagal Deewana and Darna Mana Hai. He has a production company, Rising Sun Entertainment. In 2000, Aftab won the Zee Cine Award in the Best Male Debutant category for his film, 'Mast', directed by Ram GopalVerma. Same year he received the Star Screen Award for the Most Promising New Comer (Male) for 'Mast'.-Next up, in 2002, he was awarded the Zee Cine Award for the Best Actor in Negative Role category for 'Kasoor'. Same year, he also got nominated for the Filmfare Best Villain Award for the same film.
Jun 25, 1978 (age 43)


Dr. Daher's Biography — Dr. Iyad Daher, MD is a Cardiology Specialist who practices in Houston, TX. He is 44 years old and has been practicing for 20 years. Dr. Iyad Daher, MD is affiliated with HCA Houston Healthcare West.
Dr. Al-Adli's Biography — Dr. Naim Al-Adli, MD is an Interventional Cardiology Specialist who practices in Sugar Land, TX. He is 64 years old and has been practicing for 40 years. Dr. Naim Al-Adli, MD is affiliated with HCA Houston Healthcare West.
Dr. Mohammed's Biography — Dr. Shujauddin Mohammed, MD is a Cardiology Specialist who practices in Houston, TX. He is 65 years old and has been practicing for 43 years. Dr. Shujauddin Mohammed, MD is affiliated with HCA Houston Healthcare West.