text:
Warning Signs That Your Mac Has Malware
June 12, 2019 | by Gideon Ford
Macs have a reputation for being virus-proof, which can cause people to be lax about their security measures. While cybercriminals develop far less malware for Mac OS than Windows, these computers are still at risk. Here are warning signs to look out for from your end users:
1. Sudden Performance Drops
Workstations that have never had issues suddenly run into performance problems. End users may complain that their systems are slow, applications are crashing, and input is sluggish. Malware can take up a lot of resources and interfere with normal operations, which leads to the performance degradation.
2. Ads Everywhere
Adware places advertising everywhere it can access, which can result in pop-up windows and browsers that are practically unusable due to these disruptions.
3. XProtect Prevents File Access
If XProtect detects malware in a file, it stops the end user from opening it. When you have multiple people reaching out to you about file access issues, take a look to see if malware is the root cause.
4. Browser's Default Search Engine Changes
Another adware related symptom is the web browser's default search engine getting switched. When the end user goes to search, they may end up using a site that's compromised by the cybercriminal. Trying to go back to the previous search engine may prove difficult, or that functionality could be entirely locked down.
5. Unexplained Website Redirects
Some malware intercepts web traffic and sends it to a different destination. The hacker may use this as part of a phishing attempt. They can attempt to get login information, security question answers, and other personal information.
6. Files Get Locked Down and Encrypted
Mac OS ransomware takes control of the computer and encrypts all of the files on that system (or the entire network). The end user can't access this data or normal system functions. The attacker demands a payment, typically in Bitcoins, for the encryption key. You may have a timer counting down until additional fees are requested or the data is deleted.
7. What to Do if Macs are Infected
If users start to send in tickets and requests with these warning signs, start investigating immediately. You don't want a virus to get a foothold on someone's workstation or for it to reach the rest of the network.
Anti-virus, anti-malware, and advanced threat detection solutions can identify and respond to this malicious software. Once you neutralize the immediate threat, it's time to look at Mac OS virus prevention.
8. Addressing Mac OS Malware Proactively
You can put several measures in place to reduce the Mac-based attack surfaces in your business network. Have staff members go through cybersecurity awareness training so they can help you identify these warning signs before an infection becomes a much larger problem.
Routine maintenance, such as scanning the systems for malware and applying the latest operating system and firmware updates, reduce the exploits that attackers use.
Macs may have fewer malware threats than Windows, but that doesn't mean that proper cybersecurity measures should be overlooked. Keep a sharp eye out for early warning signs to keep your organization safer.
About Gideon Ford
Gideon Ford is a Professional Services Help Desk Technician for Office1 working to solve all issues related to IT. Gideon has worked with IT for nearly a decade and is familiar with Information Systems Security, Networking, SMB and Mobile Technologies, and providing remote support for those users. He has also worked with and supported a Department of Defense Aviation Contractor providing Network and Security support. Provided Mobile device technical support for a wireless carrier and most recently was part of AppleCare's Senior Technical support team. Gideon Received his Bachelor of Science in 2012 from Westwood College in Denver in Information Systems Security. In addition to his degree specialty, he has trained in the areas of A+, Network+, and Security+ to name a few.


It is all about the charm. Step into this adorable home and fall in love. HOT WOODBINE!! 10 min to downtown, Vandy or Mid Town. New Kitchen, Bath, hardwood and much more. Full basement with lower ceiling and concrete floor perfect for the workshop or storage. Large finished attic rooms with multi uses. Bonus Room or office or man cave. Large level lot ready for the spring garden. All brick home newer roof.


Today on the NH Business Show we speak with Kari Lord, owner of Embellished Bamboo, about her passion for sewing and embroidery. We also learn how she makes her own clothing and sell them in NH.
We're passionate about business! The purpose of this channel is to give people a look behind the scenes of different businesses. Everyone knows that the point of running a business is to make money but there are so many other driving factors behind them. What is the real why?


text:
https://www.barrons.com/articles/goldman-sachs-and-apple-card-are-pairing-to-release-a-credit-card-should-we-care-51551096000
Does the Goldman Sachs-Apple Card Matter?
Goldman Sachs CEO David Solomon Illustration by Joel Arbaje: Photograph by Paul Morigi/Getty Images
This newsletter started out by asking what exactly fintech is, so in a sense it has just been waiting to answer the question "why exactly is a new credit card with an app fintech?"
Goldman Sachs and Apple are introducing a credit card with some app features, and that is fintech in part because Goldman Sachs is finance and Apple is tech. They could create a beef jerky brand and the thing would somehow involve maturity transformation, chamfered aluminum, and a graphical user interface.
The core offerings of the new card are not, at least as reported so far by The Wall Street Journal, that earth shattering: The credit card will be very much a normal credit card and it will have features that work in the Apple Wallet app that help customers set budgets, track spending, and mange payments.
Break that thing into its component parts – a credit card and an app – and you're left with products that are entering two incredibly crowded and competitive fields. Everyone, it seems, has a credit card, from big banks to white-label offerings from retailers. And personal finance trackers abound, with those same big banks rolling out increasingly well-designed and sophisticated online and mobile experiences. In addition, a whole separate set of third-party vendors like Intuit have built all-in-one products like Mint that integrate all your accounts into one budgeting system.
But a big part of the news here is about the partnership and what it says about the strategic position that these two storied companies find themselves in. Goldman's consumer lending push comes after more than a century of often scoffing at the idea of doing business with ordinary people and Apple's drive is part of an effort to make a lot more money off more than just selling iPhones.
That's another way of saying that the Goldman Apple card is very important to Goldman and Apple, but it is unlikely to be a terribly important moment in either finance or technology.
More links!
"Apple teams with Ant Financial, banks for interest-free iPhone financing in China," Reuters reports.
"Once ailed as unhackable, blockchains are now getting hacked," the MIT Technology Review writes.
"Fintechs help boost U.S. personal loan surge to a record $138 billion," CNBC reports.
" LendingClub forecasts bigger-than-expected first-quarter loss," Reuters reports.
Write to Ben Walsh at ben.walsh@barrons.com

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Webinar: "Holistic Health Approaches And Tick-Borne Conditions With Dr. Bill Rawls"
Blog Webinar: "Holistic Health…
Jennifer Platt, DrPH
Join TBC United CoFounders, Dr. Jennifer Platt And Beth Carrison As They Discuss Holistic Health Options For Tick-Borne Conditions With Dr. Bill Rawls
When: Jan 28, 2021 07:00 PM Eastern Time (US and Canada)
Dr. Rawls is an OB-GYN and leading expert in Lyme disease, integrative health, and herbal medicine. In the middle of his successful medical career, Dr. Rawls' life was interrupted by Lyme disease. In his journey to overcome it, he explored nearly every treatment possible – from conventional medicine to a range of alternative therapies.
In the more than 10 years since his recovery, Dr. Rawls has helped thousands of patients find their path to healing from Lyme disease and chronic illness.
He is the author of the best-selling book Unlocking Lyme, and Suffered Long Enough. He is also the Medical Director of RawlsMD.com and Vital Plan, an online holistic health company and Certified B Corporation®.
Questions can be sent in advance to via our contact page.
Limited seats (100) available for the LIVE event. Recording will be made available at TBCUnited.org.
Register in advance for this webinar!
Beth and Jennifer
Beth Carrison, INHC
CoFounder and Director of Advocacy
CoFounder and Director of Programs
Webinar Speakers/Panelists
Dr. Bill Rawls
Medical Director and Best-selling Author at RawlsMD.com and VitaPlan
Bill Rawls, MD, graduated from Bowman Gray School of Medicine at Wake Forest University in 1985. He holds his medical license in North Carolina.
Dr. Rawls has shared his groundbreaking approach to overcoming chronic illnesses like Lyme and fibromyalgia on numerous websites and podcasts, as well as in his two books, Suffered Long Enough and Unlocking Lyme, a best-seller.
Learn more at RawlsMD.com
CoFounder and Director of Programming at Tick-Borne Conditions United
Dr. Jennifer Platt has decades of experience in public health and environmental program development. She has led the creation of nationally recognized, award-winning education programs and has spoken extensively to audiences of all sizes.
While working on her doctorate in public health from the University of North Carolina in 2011, Dr. Platt contracted Ehrlichiosis. She was later confirmed to also have Lyme Disease and Babesia.
Dr. Platt's personal experience with tick-borne illness led her to create TickWarriors in 2016, which provides eco-friendly tick protection for people, pets, and property. The pervasive need for education and awareness led Dr. Platt to co-found Tick-borne Conditions United in 2018 with Beth Carrison.
CoFounder and Director of Advocacy at Tick-Borne Conditions United
Beth Carrison has 30+ years of experience in business and healthcare patient advocacy. Since 1996, she has managed over 30 different food allergies within her family unit; in addition, two family members were diagnosed multiple times with Lyme Disease. Being diagnosed herself with two tick-borne conditions – Lyme Disease and Alpha-gal Syndrome (also known as the "Red Meat Allergy") unfortunately gave Ms. Carrison a firsthand perspective on both tick-borne conditions and anaphylaxis. Since her diagnosis, she has passionately given her time to others in the Alpha-gal community thorough individual connections and numerous speaking engagements across the country.
In 2018, Ms. Carrison Co-founded Tick-Borne Conditions United, with Dr. Jennifer Platt. In 2019 Ms. Carrison was appointed as a patient advocate to the federal 2020 Alpha-gal Syndrome Subcommittee, which serves the federal Tick-Borne Disease Working Group (TBDWG) under the Department of Health and Human Services.
Alpha-gal SyndromeCOVID-19Lyme disease
Cofounder, TBC United, CEO and Founder, TickWarriors
Join us for the Feb 28-March 1 Tick-Borne Disease Working Group Meeting
Next week the federal Tick-Borne Disease Working Group (TBDWG) will…
Tick-borne Disease Working Group (TBDWG) Public Meeting: 6/21/18
Registration is open for the 6/21/18 Tick-borne Disease Working Group…
Alpha-gal Syndrome Symposium
Have you registered for the Alpha-gal Syndrome Symposium? Event: Alpha-gal…
Alpha-gal Syndrome (26) Anaplasmosis (6) Babesiosis (1) COVID-19 (3) Ehrlichiosis (7) Encephalitis (1) Lyme disease (18) Powassan Virus (1) Rickettsias (1) Rickettsiosis (1) Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (7)
Archives Select Month January 2023 May 2022 April 2022 March 2022 February 2022 January 2022 August 2021 July 2021 February 2021 January 2021 June 2020 April 2020 March 2020 January 2020 November 2019 October 2019 July 2019 January 2019 June 2018 May 2018
TBCUnited.org is a nonprofit 501 (c)(3) corporation and a community that supports health care providers, affected patients and their families, and employers with the latest research, science-based knowledge, and innovations to diagnose and treat tick-borne diseases.
TBC United is also a patient advocacy organization. We contribute to, and help promote, the creation of new public policies and legislation that can improve the lives of people with tick-borne illnesses.
Get engaged with us.


text:
No Messes In Texas
For a guy who started out working out of a 10'x12' shack in back of a motorcycle plant, Dick Ensweiler hasn't done too badly for himself.
This week he will preside over the Texas Credit Union League's annual meeting not just as its president, but also as the first league president to serve as CUNA chairman since the trade group implemented its Renewal Project. For Ensweiler, it just the latest in what has been a long and storied history within the credit union movement.
"It all started 40 years ago when I was looking for a summer job, and I worked as a teller at a credit union," Ensweiler recalled. "I hit it off with the CEO, and he told me that when I finished college and fulfilled my military obligation I should come back to the credit union, and he'd have a job for me."
But there was a catch. When Ensweiler returned to State Central CU in Milwaukee, he was told he indeed had a job-but only for two years.
"There were five guys ahead of me, all in line for the CEO's job, so he told me I had two years to learn all I could about credit unions and then I was out," he related. "It was really the first management trainee position. It was a unique education."
And it's an education that has served him well. From SCCU, Ensweiler moved on to take over Harley Davidson's credit union.
"The position opened up, and because I was the cheapest I got the job," he laughed, noting the credit union was under regulatory suspension and his job was to resurrect it, if he could.
"On my first day I walked into Harley Davidson and they took me through the plant. I had been interviewed for the job at a hotel, you see, so I hadn't seen the credit union offices yet," he told The Credit Union Journal. "We walked all the way through the plant, and then they took me out the back door, and I was wondering where they were taking me. As we headed out the door, I saw a guard shack, no more than a 10'x12' space, and that was the credit union office. At 8 a.m., a terrible rumbling started up, and it just kept going and wouldn't stop, so I asked what it was.
"It turns out that when you buy a Harley Davidson motorcycle, one in four are actually taken out on the road and test driven-and I often thought that sounded like a job I'd like to have, test driving the Harleys-but the other three out of four, the engine is mounted on a frame, and they start it up and run it to make sure it's working properly. And it just so happens the engines were tested right under the windows of the credit union."
In what would become characteristic of Ensweiler's career, he helped get the credit union out of regulatory suspension and got it back into good shape-but where was the fun in that?
"Once we had it running well, I got bored," he said, so it was time to find another challenge. It came in the form of the Michigan Credit Union League, where Ensweiler helped rebuild the then troubled league. Not long after getting things ship-shape in Michigan, Ensweiler "got bored" again, so when he heard about an opening at the Minnesota league, he jumped at it.
From there, he headed to the Illinois CU League, which was having troubles of its own at the time. Ensweiler spent 10 years at the league before "getting bored" once more with how well things were going again. Ensweiler left the Illinois league and moved to Madison, Wis., in July of 1994 to take a position as vice president of the Plan America program. He moved onto become executive VP-corporate and public relations.
But in 1995, while still in Madison, Ensweiler heard about the embattled Texas Credit Union League. "The annual meeting the year before I came on board was highly contentious. The league was in severe financial difficulties, and they had to sell off some of their most important assets-their building and the item processing operation," he commented. "Morale was low among league staff, the member credit unions' confidence in the league was low."
For a man who is easily bored when things are running too well, the TCUL job was a dream come true, and iheonce again pulled up roots and headed to the Lone Star State.
"We have really come alive. Last year was the league's most profitable year ever, and we had phenomenal legislative success, truly a superb year," he offered. "We were told we weren't going to get anywhere legislatively, but we did, and we did that even though our senior vice president of advocacy walked out mid-session and I had to take that over personally until we could bring Buddy Gill on board. I'm very proud of what we've done at the Texas Credit Union League."
Not Bored This Time
But, with 10 years under his belt at TCUL and all that success, isn't Ensweiler starting to get a little, well, bored? "No, no, no," he chuckled. "I made a commitment to my family and to the board. I like living in Texas, and I want to retire in Texas. I am enjoying this very much."
Over the years, Ensweiler has become known as something of a Mr. Fix-It, having been called in to resurrect troubled credit unions and leagues alike, and Ensweiler has a ready answer for how he earned that reputation.
"Opportunities generally become available when there's something wrong, when there's an issue that needs to be addressed," he suggested. "Rare is the opportunity to take over something in good shape. So, these were the opportunities that came to me."
After spending much of his career in the credit union/organization repair business, Ensweiler has developed three primary strategies for approaching an organization in need. "The first thing I do is establish honest, open and forthright communication with the directors," he commented. "The board will have lots of communication and will know what's expected and will have the information they need to make good decisions.
"Second, I'm the type of guy who likes to get out with credit unions a lot. I need to know what their needs are. I like talking to them. When you are responsive to your members, good things happen," he continued. "Third, I am committed to the bottom line. You have to have the resources to make things happen."
Although Ensweiler sort of "fell into" credit unions initially, he has made a point of staying with the CU movement for four decades. "I was hooked the moment I got there," he said, referring to that very first credit union job. "I like the idea that what you do makes a difference in people's lives every day. I like every day knowing my job is to serve members. When we help credit unions, we help them help the people of the United States. I can't think of anything I'd rather do. I like the credit union purpose, the credit union structure. I like contributing to the financial well-being of my fellow citizens."
And he's passed that passion along to his sons, both of whom have worked in credit union land. Mike is vice president of new business development at Mid States Corporate-the corporate Ensweiler helped create during his tenure with the Illinois league. Jeff just recently left Texans CU in Dallas, but is still working with credit unions, just on the vendor side as a printing broker.
And though his wife, Judy, doesn't work for a credit union, she's had to learn more about the credit union community than most. "My wife of 30 years is a very special person with her own career, and she has been a real trouper," Ensweiler said. "I have been truly blessed."


John Zmirak, senior editor at The Stream, called for the federal government to end contractual relationships with Catholic Church-affiliated nonprofits in response to revelations of senior Catholic officials' involvement in sexual abuse and related cover-ups.
Pope Francis is under fire for "apparently" lying about not being fully informed that a Chilean priest he elevated to the role of bishop had allegedly "witnessed and took part in the sexual abuse of a child and covered it up," said John Zmirak on Tuesday.
"This is like patriotic Nazis coming over to America trying to form more branches of the German-American Bund," said John Zmirak of the admission of millions of "orthodox Sunni Muslims" into America and the broader West.
In his 2018 wish list, John Zmirak, Senior Editor of The Stream and author of the new Politically Incorrect Guide to Catholicism, writes that he hopes Pope Francis "repents or else resigns" this year.


text:
<?php

class ExternalDocumentationTest extends SwaggerGen_TestCase
{

	protected $parent;

	protected function setUp(): void
	{
		$this->parent = $this->getMockForAbstractClass('\SwaggerGen\Swagger\AbstractObject');
	}

	protected function assertPreConditions(): void
	{
		$this->assertInstanceOf('\SwaggerGen\Swagger\AbstractObject', $this->parent);
	}

	/**
	 * @covers \SwaggerGen\Swagger\ExternalDocumentation::__construct
	 */
	public function testConstructorUrl(): void
	{
		$object = new \SwaggerGen\Swagger\ExternalDocumentation($this->parent, 'http://example.test');

		$this->assertInstanceOf('\SwaggerGen\Swagger\ExternalDocumentation', $object);

		$this->assertSame(array(
			'url' => 'http://example.test',
				), $object->toArray());
	}

	/**
	 * @covers \SwaggerGen\Swagger\ExternalDocumentation::__construct
	 */
	public function testConstructorFull()
	{
		$object = new \SwaggerGen\Swagger\ExternalDocumentation($this->parent, 'http://example.test', 'Descriptive text');

		$this->assertInstanceOf('\SwaggerGen\Swagger\ExternalDocumentation', $object);

		$this->assertSame(array(
			'url' => 'http://example.test',
			'description' => 'Descriptive text',
				), $object->toArray());
	}

	/**
	 * @covers \SwaggerGen\Swagger\ExternalDocumentation::handleCommand
	 */
	public function testCommandUrl()
	{
		$object = new \SwaggerGen\Swagger\ExternalDocumentation($this->parent, 'http://example.test', 'Descriptive text');

		$this->assertInstanceOf('\SwaggerGen\Swagger\ExternalDocumentation', $object);

		$object->handleCommand('url', 'http://other.test');

		$this->assertSame(array(
			'url' => 'http://other.test',
			'description' => 'Descriptive text',
				), $object->toArray());
	}

	/**
	 * @covers \SwaggerGen\Swagger\ExternalDocumentation::handleCommand
	 */
	public function testCommandDescription()
	{
		$object = new \SwaggerGen\Swagger\ExternalDocumentation($this->parent, 'http://example.test', 'Descriptive text');

		$this->assertInstanceOf('\SwaggerGen\Swagger\ExternalDocumentation', $object);

		$object->handleCommand('description', 'Some other words');

		$this->assertSame(array(
			'url' => 'http://example.test',
			'description' => 'Some other words',
				), $object->toArray());
	}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Home > Net News
Bridge Ratings Find Radio Missing Out On Streaming Hits
July 1, 2019 at 3:48 AM (PT)
Radio Missing Out On Streaming Hits
In the latest BRIDGE RATINGS "Navigate the Future" blog, "Radio Continues To Miss the Hits," DAVE VAN DYKE compares radio adds to streaming activity and finds that it's missing or underplaying 47% of the most popular songs, compared to 40% last year.
In a survey conducted JUNE a year ago and the same month this year, four formats -- Hot AC, Mainstream Rock, Top 40 and Urban -- have added to their playlists more eventual chart winners than losers, while Alternative (from 40%-20%) and Country (from 70% to 60%) are down.
And while indications are radio programmers are starting to pay more attention to the streaming services, there is still a reluctance on their part to fully use this valuable data.
As the blog concludes, "Before the potent research data of on-demand streaming, radio programmers used to 'pick the hits'. They listened to songs and determined for listeners what deserved to be heard on the radio.
"Today, though, the listener is in command and radio programmers who heed the data are seeing improved station loyalty, more frequent listening occasions and longer time-spent-listening. "


text:
11 Lesser Known Facts About Bajirao Mastani That Are Beyond Intriguing
AllBollywoodCelebscoopHollywoodOriginals
5 K Shares
Isha SharmaUpdated on Jul 15, 2015, 14:53 IST
Ranveer Singh and Deepika Padukone are back together to sizzle on the big screen, and yet again, it's for Sanjay Leela Bhansali. After a block-buster film like Ram Leela, Deepika and Ranveer have got us really excited about Bajirao Mastani. The period drama also has Priyanka Chopra in a pivotal role. And although the first look of the film with the looks of the trio has been released online, there is a lot more that happened behind, before Ranveer-Deepika-Priyanka were roped in for the film. Read on and you'll see what we mean!
1. The original choice for the roles of Bajirao and Mastaani were Salman Khan and Aishwarya Rai. But they officially broke up and Bhansali couldn't cast them together.
The film was first announced in 2003. Sanjay Leela Bhansali initially wanted to cast Salman Khan and Aishwarya Rai (his lead pair from Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam) for the titular roles, but could not cast them together after their highly publicised break-up
2. Bhansali also had Kareena Kapoor and Rani Mukerji in mind for the roles, but things again got jinxed.
YRF
3. Bhansali took over a decade to finalise the cast of Bajrirao Mastani.
All through the last 10 years, the media kept speculating about the production and casting of Bajirao Mastani. A long list of actors were rumored to be a part of the film, including Shahrukh Khan, Ajay Devgn, Hrithik Roshan and Katrina Kaif.
4. Bhansali approached Daksha Sheth to train the actors in Kalaripayattu, an ancient Indian martial art.
Sheth also trained Deepika Padukone in Kathak. Apart from this, Ranveer Singh has also taken Marathi horseback riding and horse riding lessons for the movie.
5. Ranveer Singh shaved his head for the role of Bajirao.
Ranveer has also gained a lot of weight for the film to play the character of Pehswa Bajirao.
6. In preparation for her role of Kashibai, Priyanka Chopra underwent an extensive 15-day coaching course to learn the dialect of Marathi spoken during the time of the ascension of the Peshwas.
7. Bhansali's first few choices for the role of Bajirao's mother were Shabana Azmi, Dimple Kapadia, and Supriya Pathak. However, Tanvi Azmi was finalised.
In September 2014, Bhansali confirmed that Tanvi Azmi would be playing the role. She also went bald for the same.
8. The movie will mark the Bollywood comeback for actors like Mahesh Manjrekar and Milind Soman.
Mahesh Manjrekar will play the role of Maratha king in the film. Both Mahesh Mankrekar and Milind Soman are underrated but very talented actors. It would be interesting to see them on the big screen again!
8. Deepika Padukone will be seen doing physically tough scenes, such as sword fighting, sporting 20 kg armour in the movie.
Deepika successfully managed to carry off a 30-kg lehenga in her previous movie Ram Leela. But her challenge for Bajirao Mastani is tougher! According to media reports,Deepika will be seen doing wielding a sword in a 20-kg-armour suit! Kudos to Padukone yet again!
9. Eros International acquired exclusive rights for Bajirao Mastani for approximately Rs. 125 crores.
This was way before the final shooting of the film began!
10. According to Priyanka Chopra, her role in Bajirao Mastani had been the most mentally exhausting role of her life. Yes, even her roles in Barfi and Mary Kom were easier for her!
"I am mentally affected… As a character it is something I haven't experienced. There is so much emotional turmoil. It is a 17th century film and the most difficult film I have ever done," Priyanka said. Priyanka Chopra also claimed in the media that the period drama and romance in Bajirao Mastani is like poetry in motion.
11. Killer dialogues are in store for us.
Like Bhansali's earlier films which always had superb dialogues, Bajirao will have killer dialogues!
Like Bhansali's previous films, this one will have superb dialogues as well. Here's an example - 'Bajirao Ne Mastani Se Mohabbat Ki Hai...Ayyashi Nahi.'
I bet we're all dying for the film to come out now!


text:
\section{Introduction}

The theory of time scales was introduced in 1988 at
Stefan Hilger's PhD thesis, with the primary goal to unify and extend the continuous and discrete analysis \cite{Hilger90,Hilger97}.
Since then, the theory has been growing up and applied to many
different fields of mathematics \cite{Agarwal,livro,advance}.
We refer the reader to \cite{livro} for all the
basic definitions and results on time scales necessary to this work (\textrm{e.g.}, delta differentiability, rd-continuity,
exponential function and its properties).

It is well known that inequalities play an important role in the
study of differential and difference equations \cite{inesurvey,HLP,RachidDelfim}.
Among many types of important
inequalities is Gronwall inequality and their nonlinear extensions, namely Bihari type ones \cite{Beesack,deo,og}. These and many other types of inequalities have
been derived for the more general setting of time scales \cite{inesurvey,Pach,Bihary,Deepak,AFT,Gronwall}.

Motivated by the recent paper
\cite{motivacao}, we establish here some new nonlinear integral
inequalities on time scales. Our inequalities differ from those
found in the literature by the introduction of new kind of nonlinearities. In \cite{inesurvey,livro,Bihary} the assumption
\begin{equation}
\label{ineq:gi}
u(t)\leq a(t)+\int_a^t f(s)u(s)\Delta s
\end{equation}
is considered with respect to Gronwall's inequality (see \textrm{e.g.}, \cite[Theorem~5.6]{inesurvey});
the assumption
\begin{equation}
\label{ineq:bi}
u(t)\leq a(t)+\int_a^t f(s)g(u(s))\Delta s
\end{equation}
with respect to Bihari's inequality (see \textrm{e.g.}, \cite[Theorem~5.8]{inesurvey}).
Here we relax both hypotheses \eqref{ineq:gi} and \eqref{ineq:bi}
by adding to their right-hand sides new nonnegative terms (\textrm{cf.} \eqref{eq0} and \eqref{eq8}, respectively).
In Section~\ref{sec:mainResults} we state and prove our results; in Section~\ref{aplic} one of them is used to estimate the solution of a nonlinear dynamic equation.
We employ the concepts of delta-derivative and delta-integral; analogous results can be easily obtained using the so called nabla-derivative and nabla-integral (for definitions, see \cite{advance}). To the best of our knowledge, the
results are new even for the discrete time case, when the time scale is chosen to be the set of integers.

\section{Main Results}
\label{sec:mainResults}

Throughout we use the notation
$\mathbb{R}^+_0=[0,\infty)$. Let $\mathbb{T}$ be a time scale.
For $a,b\in\mathbb{T}$ with $a<b$, we define the time scales interval by $$[a,b]_{\mathbb{T}}=\{t\in\mathbb{T}:a\leq t\leq b\}.$$ Lemma~\ref{lemimp} is a useful tool for the proofs of the next theorems.

\begin{lemma}
\label{lemimp} Let $a,b\in\mathbb{T}$, consider the time scales interval $[a,b]_{\mathbb{T}}$, and a delta differentiable function $r:[a,b]_{\mathbb{T}}\rightarrow(0,\infty)$ with
$r^\Delta(t)\geq 0$ on $[a,b]_{\mathbb{T}}^{\kappa}$. Define
\begin{equation*}
G(x)=\int_{x_0}^{x}\frac{ds}{g(s)},\ x>0,\ x_0>0 \, ,
\end{equation*}
where $g\in C(\mathbb{R}^+_0,\mathbb{R}^+_0)$ is positive and
nondecreasing on $(0,\infty)$. Then, for each
$t\in[a,b]_{\mathbb{T}}$ we have
\begin{equation*}
G(r(t))\leq
G(r(a))+\int_{a}^{t}\frac{r^\Delta(\tau)}{g(r(\tau))}\Delta\tau.
\end{equation*}
\end{lemma}

\begin{proof}
Since $g$ is positive and nondecreasing on $(0,\infty)$, we have,
successively, that
\begin{equation}
\label{seila8}
\begin{gathered}
r(t) \leq r(t)+h\mu(t)r^\Delta(t) \, ,\\
g(r(t)) \leq g(r(t)+h\mu(t)r^\Delta(t)) \, ,\\
\frac{1}{g(r(t)+h\mu(t)r^\Delta(t))} \leq\frac{1}{g(r(t))} \, ,\\
\int_0^1\frac{1}{g(r(t)+h\mu(t)r^\Delta(t))}dh \leq\int_0^1\frac{1}{g(r(t))}dh=\frac{1}{g(r(t))} \, , \\
\left\{\int_0^1\frac{1}{g(r(t)+h\mu(t)r^\Delta(t))}dh\right\}
r^\Delta(t) \leq\frac{r^\Delta(t)}{g(r(t))} \, ,
\end{gathered}
\end{equation}
for all $t\in[a,b]_{\mathbb{T}}^{\kappa}$ and $h\in[0,1]$.
By $\Delta$-integrating the last inequality in (\ref{seila8}) from $a$ to $t$ and
having in mind that the chain rule \cite[Theorem~1.90]{livro}
guarantees that
\begin{align}
(G\circ r)^\Delta(t)&=\left\{\int_0^1
G'(r(t)+h\mu(t)r^\Delta(t))dh\right\}r^\Delta(t)\nonumber\\
&=\left\{\int_0^1
\frac{1}{g(r(t)+h\mu(t)r^\Delta(t))}dh\right\}r^\Delta(t)\nonumber,
\end{align} we obtain the desired result, except at $t=b$ in the
case that $\rho(b)<b$. To handle this case, we just need to
integrate the last inequality in (\ref{seila8}) from $a$ to $b$ and use \cite[Theorem~1.77, item (ix)]{livro}.
\end{proof}

\begin{theorem}
\label{thm1} Let $u(t)$ and $f(t)$ be nonnegative rd-continuous
functions in the time scales interval
$\mathbb{T}_\ast:=[a,b]_{\mathbb{T}}$ and $\mathbb{T}_\ast^{\kappa}$,
respectively. Let $k(t,s)$ be defined as in \cite[Theorem~1.117]{livro}
in such a way that $k(t,s)$ and $k^{\Delta_1}(t,s)$ are nonnegative for
every $t,s\in\mathbb{T}_\ast$ with $s\leq t$ for which they are
defined (it is assumed that $k$ is not identically zero on
$\mathbb{T}_\ast^{\kappa}\times\mathbb{T}_\ast^{\kappa^2}$). Let $\Phi\in
C(\mathbb{R}^+_0,\mathbb{R}^+_0)$ be a nondecreasing, subadditive
and submultiplicative function, such that $\Phi(u)>0$ for $u>0$ and let $W\in C(\mathbb{R}^+_0,\mathbb{R}^+_0)$ be a nondecreasing
function such that for $u> 0$ we have $W(u)>0$. Assume that $a(t)$
is a positive rd-continuous function and nondecreasing for
$t\in\mathbb{T}_\ast$. If
\begin{equation}
\label{eq0} u(t)\leq a(t)+\int_a^t f(s)u(s)\Delta
s+\int_a^tf(s)W\left(\int_a^s
k(s,\tau)\Phi(u(\tau))\Delta\tau\right)\Delta s,
\end{equation}
for $a\leq\tau\leq s\leq t\leq b$, $\tau, s, t\in\mathbb{T}_\ast$,
then for all $t\in\mathbb{T}_\ast$ satisfying
\begin{equation*}
\Psi(\zeta)+\int_a^{\rho(t)} k(\rho(t),s)\Phi(p(s))\Phi\left(\int_a^s
f(\tau)\Delta\tau\right)\Delta s\in Dom(\Psi^{-1})
\end{equation*}
we have
\begin{multline}
\label{eq11}
u(t)\leq p(t) a(t) \\
+ p(t) \int_a^t f(s)W\left[\Psi^{-1}
\left(\Psi(\zeta) +\int_a^sk(s,\tau)\Phi(p(\tau))
\Phi\left(\int_a^\tau
f(\theta)\Delta\theta\right)\Delta\tau\right)\right]\Delta s \, ,
\end{multline}
where
\begin{gather}
\label{p} p(t) = 1+\int_a^t f(s)e_{f}(t,\sigma(s))\Delta s \, ,\\
\zeta = \int_a^{\rho(b)} k(\rho(b),s)\Phi(p(s)a(s))\Delta s \, , \nonumber \\
\label{p1}\Psi(x) = \int_{x_0}^x\frac{1}{\Phi(W(s))}ds,\ x>0,\ x_0>0 \, ,
\end{gather}
and $\Psi^{-1}$ is the inverse of $\Psi$.
\end{theorem}
\begin{remark}
We are interested to study the situation when
$k$ is not identically zero on
$\mathbb{T}_\ast^{\kappa}\times\mathbb{T}_\ast^{\kappa^2}$.
That comprise the new cases, not considered previously in the literature. The case $k(t,s) \equiv 0$ is studied in
\cite[Th.~3.1]{Pach} and is not discussed here.
\end{remark}
\begin{proof}
Define the function $z(t)$ in $\mathbb{T}_\ast$ by
\begin{equation}
\label{eq1} z(t)=a(t)+\int_a^tf(s)W\left(\int_a^s
k(s,\tau)\Phi(u(\tau))\Delta\tau\right)\Delta s \, .
\end{equation}
Then, (\ref{eq0}) can be restated as
\begin{equation*}
u(t)\leq z(t)+\int_a^t f(s)u(s)\Delta s.
\end{equation*}
Clearly, $z(t)$ is rd-continuous in $t\in\mathbb{T}_\ast$. Using
Gronwall's inequality \cite[Theorem~2.7]{Pach}, we get
\begin{equation*}
u(t)\leq z(t)+\int_{a}^t f(s)z(s)e_f(t,\sigma(s))\Delta s \, .
\end{equation*}
Moreover, it is easy to see that $z(t)$ is nondecreasing in
$t\in\mathbb{T}_\ast$. We get
\begin{equation}
\label{eq2} u(t)\leq z(t)p(t),
\end{equation}
where $p(t)$ is defined by (\ref{p}). Define
$$v(t)=\int_a^t k(t,s)\Phi(u(s))\Delta s,\ t\in\mathbb{T}_\ast^{\kappa}.$$
From (\ref{eq2}), and taking into account the properties of $\Phi$, we observe that
\begin{equation*}
\begin{split}
v(t)&\leq\int_a^t
k(t,s)\Phi\left[p(s)\left(a(s)+\int_a^sf(\tau)W(v(\tau))
\Delta\tau\right)\right]\Delta s\\
&\leq\int_a^t k(t,s)\Phi(p(s)a(s))\Delta s+\int_a^t
k(t,s)\Phi\left(p(s)\int_a^sf(\tau)W(v(\tau))\Delta\tau\right)\Delta
s\\
&\leq\int_a^{\rho(b)} k(\rho(b),s)\Phi(p(s)a(s))\Delta s\\
& \qquad +\int_a^t
k(t,s)\Phi\left(p(s)\int_a^sf(\tau)\Delta\tau\right)
\Phi(W(v(s)))\Delta
s\\
&=\zeta+\int_a^t
k(t,s)\Phi\left(p(s)\int_a^sf(\tau)\Delta\tau\right)
\Phi(W(v(s)))\Delta s \, .
\end{split}
\end{equation*}
Define function $r(t)$ on $\mathbb{T}_\ast^{\kappa}$ by
$$r(t) = \zeta+\int_a^t
k(t,s)\Phi\left(p(s)\int_a^sf(\tau)\Delta\tau\right)
\Phi(W(v(s)))\Delta s \, .$$ Since $p$ and $a$ are positive functions, we have that $\Phi\left(a(s)p(s)\right)>0$ for all $s\in\mathbb{T}_\ast$. Since
$k^{\Delta_1} \geq 0$, we must have $\zeta>0$, hence
$r(t)$ is a positive function on $\mathbb{T}_\ast^{\kappa}$.
In addition, $r(t)$ is delta differentiable on $\mathbb{T}_\ast^{\kappa^2}$ with
\begin{align}
r^\Delta(t)&=k(\sigma(t),t)\Phi\left(p(t)\int_a^t
f(\tau)\Delta\tau\right) \Phi(W(v(t)))\nonumber\\
&\ \ \ +\int_a^t
k^{\Delta_1}(t,s)\Phi\left(p(s)\int_a^sf(\tau)\Delta\tau\right)
\Phi(W(v(s)))\Delta s\nonumber\\
& \label{eq4}\\
&\leq\Phi(W(r(t)))\Biggl[k(\sigma(t),t)\Phi\left(p(t)\int_a^t
f(\tau)\Delta\tau\right)\nonumber\\
&\ \ \ +\int_a^t
k^{\Delta_1}(t,s)\Phi\left(p(s)\int_a^sf(\tau)\Delta\tau\right)\Delta
s\Biggr].\nonumber
\end{align}
Dividing both sides of inequality (\ref{eq4}) by $\Phi(W(r(t)))$, we obtain
\begin{equation*}
\frac{r^\Delta(t)}{\Phi(W(r(t)))}\leq\left[\int_a^t
k(t,s)\Phi\left(p(s)\int_a^sf(\tau)\Delta\tau\right)\Delta
s\right]^\Delta.
\end{equation*}
Let us consider the function $\Psi$ defined by (\ref{p1}).
Delta-integrating this last inequality from $a$ to $t$ and
using Lemma~\ref{lemimp}, we obtain
$$\Psi(r(t))\leq\Psi(r(a))+\int_a^t
k(t,s)\Phi\left(p(s)\int_a^sf(\tau)\Delta\tau\right)\Delta s,$$
from which it follows that
\begin{equation}
\label{seila5} r(t)\leq\Psi^{-1}\left(\Psi(\zeta)+\int_a^t
k(t,s)\Phi(p(s))\Phi\left(\int_a^s f(\tau)\Delta\tau\right)\Delta s\right),\
t\in\mathbb{T}_\ast^{\kappa}.
\end{equation}
Combining (\ref{seila5}), (\ref{eq2}) and (\ref{eq1}), we obtain
the desired inequality (\ref{eq11}).
\end{proof}
If we let $\mathbb{T}=\mathbb{R}$ in Theorem~\ref{thm1}, we get
\cite[Th.~2.1]{motivacao}. If in turn we consider
$\mathbb{T}=\mathbb{Z}$, then we obtain the following result:
\begin{corollary}
Let $u(t)$ and $f(t)$ be nonnegative functions in the time scales
interval $\mathbb{T}_\ast:=[a,b]_{\mathbb{Z}}$ and
$[a,b-1]_{\mathbb{Z}}$, respectively. Let $k(t,s)$ be defined as
in \cite[Theorem~1.117]{livro} in such a way that $k(t,s)$ and
$k^{\Delta_1}(t,s)=k(\sigma(t),s)-k(t,s)$ are nonnegative for
every $t,s\in\mathbb{T}_\ast$ with $s\leq t$ for which they are
defined (it is assumed that $k$ is not identically zero on
$[a,b-1]_{\mathbb{T}_\ast}\times[a,b-2]_{\mathbb{T}_\ast}$). Let
$\Phi\in C(\mathbb{R}^+_0,\mathbb{R}^+_0)$ be a nondecreasing,
subadditive and submultiplicative function such that $\Phi(u)>0$
for $u>0$ and let $W\in C(\mathbb{R}^+_0,\mathbb{R}^+_0)$ be a
nondecreasing function such that for $u> 0$ we have $W(u)>0$.
Assume that $a(t)$ is a positive and nondecreasing  function for
$t\in\mathbb{T}_\ast$. If
\begin{equation*}
u(t)\leq a(t)+\sum_{s=a}^{t-1}
f(s)u(s)+\sum_{s=a}^{t-1}f(s)W\left(\sum_{\tau=a}^{s-1}
k(s,\tau)\Phi(u(\tau))\right),
\end{equation*}
for $a\leq\tau\leq s\leq t\leq b$, $\tau, s, t\in\mathbb{T}_\ast$,
then for all $t\in\mathbb{T}_\ast$ satisfying
\begin{equation*}
\Psi(\zeta)+\sum_{s=a}^{t-2}
k(t-1,s)\Phi(p(s))\Phi\left(\sum_{\tau=a}^{s-1} f(\tau)\right)\in
Dom(\Psi^{-1})
\end{equation*}
we have
\begin{equation*}
u(t)\leq p(t)\left\{a(t)+\sum_{s=a}^{t-1} f(s)W\left[\Psi^{-1}
\left(\Psi(\zeta)+\sum_{\tau=a}^{s-1}
k(s,\tau)\Phi(p(\tau))\Phi\left(\sum_{\theta=a}^{\tau-1}
f(\theta)\right)\right)\right]\right\},
\end{equation*}
where
\begin{eqnarray*}
p(t)=1+\sum_{s=a}^{t-1} f(s)e_{f}(t,s+1) \, ,\\
\zeta=\sum_{s=a}^{b-1} k(b-1,s)\Phi(p(s)a(s)) \, ,\\
\Psi(x)=\int_{x_0}^x\frac{1}{\Phi(W(s))}ds,\ x>0,\ x_0>0 \, ,
\end{eqnarray*}
and $\Psi^{-1}$ is the inverse of $\Psi$.
\end{corollary}

For the particular case $\mathbb{T}=\mathbb{R}$,
Theorem~\ref{thm2} generalizes the result obtained by Oguntuase in \cite[Th.~2.3, 2.9]{og}.

\begin{theorem}
\label{thm2} Suppose that $u(t)$ is a nonnegative rd-continuous
function in the time scales interval
$\mathbb{T}_\ast=[a,b]_\mathbb{T}$ and that $h(t)$, $f(t)$ are
nonnegative rd-continuous functions in the time scales interval
$\mathbb{T}_\ast^{\kappa}$. Assume that $b(t)$ is a nonnegative
rd-continuous function and not identically zero on
$\mathbb{T}_\ast^{\kappa^2}$. Let $\Phi(u)$, $W(u)$,
and $a(t)$ be as defined in Theorem~\ref{thm1}. If
\begin{equation*}
u(t)\leq a(t)+\int_a^t f(s)u(s)\Delta
s+\int_a^tf(s)h(s)W\left(\int_a^s
b(\tau)\Phi(u(\tau))\Delta\tau\right)\Delta s,
\end{equation*}
for $a\leq\tau\leq s\leq t\leq b$, $\tau, s, t\in\mathbb{T}_\ast$,
then for all $t\in\mathbb{T}_\ast$ satisfying
$$
\Psi(\xi)+\int_a^{\rho(t)} b(\tau)\Phi(p(\tau))\Phi\left(\int_a^\tau
f(\theta)h(\theta)\Delta\theta\right)\Delta\tau\in Dom(\Psi^{-1})
$$
we have
\begin{multline*}
u(t)\leq p(t) a(t)\\
+p(t) \int_a^t f(s)h(s)W\left[\Psi^{-1}
\left(\Psi(\xi)+\int_a^sb(\tau)\Phi(p(\tau))\Phi\left(\int_a^\tau
f(\theta)h(\theta)\Delta\theta\right)\Delta\tau\right)\right]\Delta s \, ,
\end{multline*}
where $p(t)$ is defined by (\ref{p}), $\Psi$ is defined by
(\ref{p1}), and
\begin{eqnarray*}
\xi=\int_a^{\rho(b)} b(s)\Phi\left(p(s)a(s)\right)\Delta s.
\end{eqnarray*}
\end{theorem}

\begin{proof}
similar to the proof of Theorem~\ref{thm1}.
\end{proof}

For the remaining of this section, we use the following class of
$S$ functions.

\begin{definition}[($S$ function)~~]
A nondecreasing continuous function
$g:\mathbb{R}^+_0\rightarrow\mathbb{R}^+_0$ is said to belong to
class $S$ if it satisfies the following conditions:
\begin{enumerate}
    \item $g(x)$ is positive for $x>
    0$;
    \item $(1/z)g(x)\leq g(x/z)$ for $x\geq 0$ and $z\geq 1$.
\end{enumerate}
\end{definition}

\begin{remark}
For a brief discussion about this class of $S$ functions, the
reader is invited to consult \cite[Sect.~4]{Beesack}.
\end{remark}

\begin{theorem}
\label{thm:nr:3.6} Let $u(t)$, $f(t)$, $k(t,s)$, $\Phi$ and $W$ be
as defined in Theorem~\ref{thm1} and assume that $g\in S$. Suppose
that $a(t)$ is a positive, rd-continuous and nondecreasing
function. If
\begin{equation}
\label{eq8} u(t)\leq a(t)+\int_a^t f(s)g(u(s))\Delta
s+\int_a^tf(s)W\left(\int_a^s
k(s,\tau)\Phi(u(\tau))\Delta\tau\right)\Delta s,
\end{equation}
for $a\leq\tau\leq s\leq t\leq b$, $\tau, s, t\in\mathbb{T}_\ast$,
then for all $t\in\mathbb{T}_\ast$ satisfying
$$G(1)+\int_a^t f(\tau) \Delta\tau\in Dom(G^{-1})$$
and
$$\Psi(\bar{\zeta})+\int_a^{\rho(t)} k(\rho(t),\tau)\Phi(q(\tau))\Phi\left(\int_a^\tau
f(\theta)\Delta\theta\right)\Delta\tau
\in Dom(\Psi^{-1}),$$ we have
\begin{multline*}
u(t)\leq q(t) \max\{a(t),1\}\\
+ q(t) \int_a^t f(s)W\left[\Psi^{-1}
\left(\Psi(\bar{\zeta})+\int_a^s
k(s,\tau)\Phi(q(\tau))\Phi\left(\int_a^\tau
f(\theta)\Delta\theta\right)\Delta\tau\right)\right]\Delta s \, ,
\end{multline*}
where $\Psi$ is defined by (\ref{p1}),
\begin{eqnarray}
G(x)=\int_{\delta}^{x}\frac{ds}{g(s)},\ x>0,\ \delta >0, \nonumber\\
\label{seila4} q(t)=G^{-1}\left(G(1)+\int_a^t f(\tau) \Delta\tau\right),\\
\bar{\zeta}=\int_a^{\rho(b)}
k(\rho(b),s)\Phi\left(q(s)\max\{a(s),1\}\right)
\Delta s, \nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
and $G^{-1}$ is the inverse function of $G$.
\end{theorem}
\begin{proof}
Define the function
$$z(t)=\max\{a(t),1\}+\int_a^tf(s)W\left(\int_a^s
k(s,\tau)\Phi(u(\tau))\Delta\tau\right)\Delta s.$$ Then, from
(\ref{eq8}) we have that
\begin{equation*}
u(t)\leq z(t)+\int_a^t f(s)g(u(s))\Delta s.
\end{equation*}
Clearly, $z(t)\geq 1$ is rd-continuous and nondecreasing. Since
$g\in S$, we have
\begin{equation*}
\frac{u(t)}{z(t)}\leq 1+\int_a^t
f(s)g\left(\frac{u(s)}{z(s)}\right)\Delta s,
\end{equation*}
or
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:li} x(t)\leq 1+\int_a^t f(s)g(x(s))\Delta s,
\end{equation}
with $x(t)=u(t)/z(t)$. If we define $v(t)$ as the right hand side
of inequality (\ref{eq:li}), we have that $v(a)=1$,
$$v^\Delta(t)=f(t)g(x(t)),$$
and since $g$ is nondecreasing,
$$v^\Delta(t)\leq f(t)g(v(t)),$$
or
\begin{equation}
\label{eq9} \frac{v^\Delta(t)}{g(v(t))}\leq f(t).
\end{equation}
Being the case that $v^\Delta(t)\geq 0$, $\Delta$-integrating
(\ref{eq9}) from $a$ to $t$ and applying Lemma~\ref{lemimp}, we
obtain
$$G(v(t))\leq G(1)+\int_a^t f(\tau)\Delta\tau,$$
which implies that
$$v(t)\leq G^{-1}\left(G(1)+\int_a^t f(\tau)\Delta\tau\right).$$
We have just proved that $x(t)\leq q(t)$, which is equivalent to
\begin{equation*}
u(t)\leq q(t)z(t).
\end{equation*}
Following the same arguments as in the proof of
Theorem~\ref{thm1}, we obtain the desired inequality.
\end{proof}

If we consider the time scale
$\mathbb{T}=h\mathbb{Z}=\{hk:k\in\mathbb{Z}\}$, where $h>0$, then
we obtain the following result.

\begin{corollary}
Let $a,b\in h\mathbb{Z}$,  $h>0$. Suppose that $u(t)$, $f(t)$,
$k(t,s)$, $\Phi$ and $W$ are as defined in Theorem~\ref{thm1} and assume that $g\in S$. Suppose that $a(t)$ is a positive and
nondecreasing function. If
\begin{equation*}
u(t)\leq a(t)+\sum_{s\in[a,t)_{\mathbb{T}_\ast}}
f(s)g(u(s))h+\sum_{s\in[a,t)_{\mathbb{T}_\ast}}
f(s)W\left(\sum_{\tau\in[a,s)_{\mathbb{T}_\ast}} k(s,\tau
)\Phi(u(\tau ))h\right)h,
\end{equation*}
for $a\leq\tau\leq s\leq t\leq b$, $\tau, s,
t\in\mathbb{T}_\ast=[a,b]_{h\mathbb{Z}}$, then for all
$t\in\mathbb{T}_\ast$ satisfying
$$G(1)+\sum_{\tau\in[a,t)_{\mathbb{T}_\ast}} f(\tau)h\in Dom(G^{-1})$$
and
$$\Psi(\bar{\zeta})+\sum_{\tau\in[a,t-h)_{\mathbb{T}_\ast}} k(t-h,\tau )\Phi\left(q(\tau )\right)\Phi\left(\sum_{\theta\in[a,\tau)_{\mathbb{T}_\ast}}
f(\theta)h\right)h\in Dom(\Psi^{-1}),$$ we have
\begin{multline*}
u(t)\leq q(t)\Biggl\{\max\{a(t),1\}\\
+\sum_{s\in[a,t)_{\mathbb{T}_\ast}} f(s)W\left[\Psi^{-1}
\left(\Psi(\bar{\zeta})+\sum_{\tau\in[a,s)_{\mathbb{T}_\ast}}
k(s,\tau )\Phi\left(q(\tau
)\right)\Phi\left(\sum_{\theta\in[a,\tau)_{\mathbb{T}_\ast}} f(\theta
)h\right)h\right)\right]h\Biggr\},
\end{multline*}
where $\Psi$ is defined by (\ref{p1}),
\begin{eqnarray*}
G(x)=\int_{\delta}^{x}\frac{ds}{g(s)},\ x>0,\ \delta >0,\\
q(t)=G^{-1}\left(G(1)+\sum_{\tau\in[a,t)_{\mathbb{T}_\ast}} f(\tau)h\right),\\
\bar{\zeta}=\sum_{s\in[a,b-h){\mathbb{T}_\ast}}
k(b-h,s)\Phi\left(q(s)\max\{a(s),1\}\right)h,
\end{eqnarray*}
and $G^{-1}$ is the inverse function of $G$.
\end{corollary}

\begin{theorem}
Let $u(t)$, $f(t)$, $b(t)$, $h(t)$, $\Phi$ and $W$ be as defined
in Theorem~\ref{thm2} and assume that $g\in S$. Suppose that
$a(t)$ is a positive, rd-continuous and nondecreasing function. If
\begin{equation*}
u(t)\leq a(t)+\int_a^t f(s)g(u(s))\Delta
s+\int_a^tf(s)h(s)W\left(\int_a^s
b(\tau)\Phi(u(\tau))\Delta\tau\right)\Delta s,
\end{equation*}
for $a\leq\tau\leq s\leq t\leq b$, $\tau, s, t\in\mathbb{T}_\ast$,
then for all $t\in\mathbb{T}_\ast$ satisfying
$$\Psi(\bar{\xi})+\int_a^{\rho(t)} b(\tau)\Phi(q(\tau))\Phi\left(\int_a^\tau
f(\theta)h(\theta)\Delta\theta\right)\Delta\tau\in Dom(\Psi^{-1}),$$ we
have
\begin{multline*}
u(t)\leq q(t) \max\{a(t),1\}\\
+ q(t) \int_a^t f(s)h(s)W\left[\Psi^{-1}
\left(\Psi(\bar{\xi})+\int_a^sb(\tau)\Phi(q(\tau))\Phi\left(\int_a^\tau
f(\theta)h(\theta)\Delta\theta\right)\Delta\tau\right)\right]\Delta s,
\end{multline*}
where $\Psi$ is defined by (\ref{p1}), $q(t)$ is
defined by (\ref{seila4}) and
$$\bar{\xi}=\int_a^{\rho(b)} b(s)\Phi\left(q(s)\max\{a(s),1\}\right)\Delta s,$$
\end{theorem}

\begin{proof}
similar to the proof of Theorem~\ref{thm:nr:3.6}.
\end{proof}

\section{An Application}
\label{aplic}

In this section we use Theorem~\ref{thm2} to the qualitative
analysis of a nonlinear dynamic equation.
Let $a,b\in\mathbb{T}$ and consider the initial value
problem
\begin{equation}
u^\Delta(t)=F\left(t,u(t),\int_a^t K(t,u(s))\Delta s\right)\, , \quad t\in\mathbb{T}_\ast^{\kappa}\, , \quad u(a)=u_a \, ,\label{ivp}
\end{equation}
where $\mathbb{T}_\ast=[a,b]_{\mathbb{T}}$, $u\in$
C$_{\textrm{rd}}^1[\mathbb{T}_\ast]$, $F\in$
C$_{\textrm{rd}}[\mathbb{T}_\ast\times\mathbb{R}\times\mathbb{R},\mathbb{R}]$
and $K\in$
C$_{\textrm{rd}}[\mathbb{T}_\ast\times\mathbb{R},\mathbb{R}]$.

In what follows, we shall assume that the IVP (\ref{ivp}) has a
unique solution, which we denote by $u_\ast(t)$.

\begin{theorem}
Assume that the functions $F$ and $K$ in (\ref{ivp}) satisfy the
conditions
\begin{align}
|K(t,u)|&\leq h(t)\Phi(|u|)\label{cond1},\\
|F(t,u,v)|&\leq |u|+|v|\label{cond2},
\end{align}
where $h$ and $\Phi$ are as defined in Theorem~\ref{thm2}. Then,
for $t\in\mathbb{T}_\ast$ such that
$$\Psi(\xi)+\int_a^{\rho(t)} \Phi(p(\tau))\Phi\left(\int_a^\tau
h(\theta)\Delta\theta\right)\Delta\tau\in Dom(\Psi^{-1}),$$ we have the
estimate
\begin{equation}
\label{seila3} |u_\ast(t)|\leq p(t)\left\{|u_a|+\int_a^t
h(s)\Psi^{-1} \left(\Psi(\xi)+\int_a^s
\Phi(p(\tau))\Phi\left(\int_a^\tau
h(\theta)\Delta\theta\right)\Delta\tau\right)\Delta s\right\},
\end{equation}
where
\begin{eqnarray*}
p(t)=1+\int_a^t e_{1}(t,\sigma(s))\Delta s,\\
\xi=\int_a^{\rho(b)} \Phi(p(s)|u_a|)\Delta s,\\
\Psi(x)=\int_{x_0}^x\frac{1}{\Phi(s)}ds,\ x>0,\ x_0>0 \, .
\end{eqnarray*}
\end{theorem}
\begin{proof}
Let $u_\ast(t)$ be the solution of the IVP (\ref{ivp}). Then,
we have
\begin{equation}
\label{seila1} u_\ast(t)=u_a+\int_a^t F\left(s,u_\ast(s),\int_a^s
K\left(s,u_\ast(\tau)\right)\Delta\tau)\right)\Delta s.
\end{equation}
Using (\ref{cond1}) and (\ref{cond2}) in (\ref{seila1}), we have
\begin{align}
|u_\ast|&\leq|u_a|+\int_a^t
\left(|u_\ast(s)|+\int_a^s|K(s,u_\ast(\tau))|\Delta\tau\right)\Delta
s\nonumber\\
&\leq|u_a|+\int_a^t
\left(|u_\ast(s)|+h(s)\int_a^s\Phi\left(|u_\ast(\tau)|\right)\Delta\tau\right)\Delta
s\label{seila2}.
\end{align}
A suitable application of Theorem~\ref{thm2} to (\ref{seila2}), with $a(t)=|u_a|$, $f(t)=b(t)=1$ and $W(u)=u$, yields (\ref{seila3}).
\end{proof}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


The shooting was reported shortly before 9 p.m. Tuesday at a home in the 4300 block of North 65th Street.
A 37-year-old man was shot to death after breaking into a home on Milwaukee's northwest side, police said Wednesday.
The shooting was reported shortly before 9 p.m. Tuesday at a home in the 4300 block of North 65th Street, according to a news release.
Police believe the man broke into the home and stole items before an occupant returned and the shooting occurred, according to the release.
Police were searching for the shooter Wednesday. No additional information on the killing was available.


I don't know about you but my skin plays havoc this time of year. It gets dry, flaky and dull looking. It seems the winter draws out all my moisture and so I have to pay extra attention to look after my skin. Liz Earle have a Brightening Face Mask which contains camphor oil and toning witch hazel which gives the skin an extra jet of 'Umph' so to speak! These ingredients amongst others are just what tired dull looking skin needs.
This mask is very easy to apply like the majority of masks you must be careful and not apply to your eye & lip area. The mask is suggested that sensitive skins give this one a miss as the mask gives the skin a slight 'tingling sensation' which is perfectly fine but not for the sensitive skin types. I would suggest you opt for their Intensive Nourishing Treatment Mask.
I have to say I enjoyed the slight tingling sensation and it didn't last long, this is great as a quick pick me up. My skin literally drank the mask and I left this on for 2 minutes and then used the muslin cloth as suggested with hand-hot water to clean away the mask.
The mask comes available as a starter kit £12.75 which is what I was kindly sent. This includes a handy zip bag, 50ml Brightening Treatment Mask and a muslin cloth. The starter kit is great for storing your mask and muslin cloth in for travelling. This would also make a great christmas present or stocking filler.
What is your skin like in the winter? How to you keep it looking healthy and radiant? Please share I would love some tips!


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Catastrophic floods cause mass displacement and escalate humanitarian crisis in South Sudan
Aerial view of a household on a small island in the middle of the Sudd swamps, near Old Fangak. South Sudan, June 2022.
© Florence Miettaux
Catastrophic floods cause mass displacement and humanitarian crisis
Project Update19 December 2022
Refugees, IDPs and people on the move
A small makeshift raft made from plastic sheeting and filled with dry grass is drifting along the Nile river. Upon it, sits a family of eight people – the youngest just a baby.
On this small raft is everything they own: some clothes, and a few pots to cook with, which are mostly filled with waterlilies they pluck from the water. Behind them, their village is almost fully submerged by floodwaters.
The family had to leave quickly before the water got too high to wade through. They travelled by makeshift rafts or canoes dugout from tree trunks to get to safer land.
As many countries in Eastern Africa suffer the worst drought in four decades, South Sudan sits uneasily on the opposite end of the spectrum – saturated by years of intense flooding that has affected more than one million people in the country.
To make matters worse, the response to the devastation of the flooding has fallen far short of satisfactory. Humanitarian organisations, UN agencies and governments must step up to address the scale of the crisis and the overwhelming need for food, shelter, medical care and other basic essentials for people impacted by the floods.
Flooding in South Sudan
Four consecutive years of flooding have left about two-thirds of the country under water, with Jonglei, Northern Bahr El Ghazal, Upper Nile, Unity, Warrap, Western Equatoria, and Lakes States in South Sudan and Abyei Special Administrative Area, all experiencing severe floods in the past few months.
Seasonal flooding of the Nile river and tributaries is typical, however, the flooding in the past few years has been unprecedented. Residents say that the rainy season has been starting earlier and lasting longer. Even the intensity of the rain has been significantly higher than in the past.
The water levels have been so high and the soil so waterlogged that the waters have not fully receded in the intervening dry seasons. Consequently, there has been rapid inundation during the rains, compounding the crisis each consecutive year since 2019.
Nyanyieth Bang, displaced by floods in Doma in Ulang "The water came in the morning. Everyone went to add some mud on the dyke. We were working on it all the night but by the next morning it was out of our control. We just ran for our lives."
Aerial view of flooded villages, near Old Fangak. South Sudan, June 2022.
Communities prepare themselves for the rainy season by building dykes – walls made from soil to hold back the water from their villages. But this year, contingency preparations were not sufficient to hold back the deluge of water. In Ulang County, for instance, entire villages were submerged in October when dykes broke due to heavy rains. Health facilities, schools and many houses were all flooded.
"The floods displaced everyone. It flooded all the villages and the livestock drowned as well. Our house collapsed in the flood. It was a huge disaster for us," says Nyanyieth Bang, displaced by floods in Doma in Ulang.
From one day to another, villages became separated from each other, with many communities finding themselves marooned on "islands" and cut off from services, which are now only accessible by boat or canoe. Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) teams are running outreach services and mobile clinics to ensure healthcare is available for the most vulnerable people in remote areas. However, reaching some communities remains a huge challenge.
"Flooding impacts our capacity to deliver aid and reach communities in need," says Aline Serin, MSF head of mission in South Sudan. "Many roads across the country are rendered impassable by the flooding. In a number of locations where we operate, our planes have been unable to land due to flooding of the airstrips," she says.
"This lack of access inhibits our ability to bring in medical supplies and other essential items, which puts lives at risk. It also impacts our ability to transfer patients who require emergency treatment."
Large swathes of stagnant floodwater have also become the perfect breeding ground for mosquitoes, leading to an explosion of malaria cases. Between July to September this year, MSF treated 81,104 patients with malaria.
patients with malaria treated by MSF (July-September)
children treated for malnutrition by MSF (January-September)
of people in South Sudan are in need of food assistance
The floods have displaced hundreds of thousands of people, killed millions of animals and destroyed thousands of acres of crops, compounding an escalating food security crisis in the country. The UN World Food Programme estimates that more than 75 per cent of people in South Sudan are in need of food assistance.
Our teams are witnessing a worrying increase in rates of moderate to severe acute malnutrition. Between January to September this year, more than 4,200 children were treated for malnutrition across our medical facilities in South Sudan.
With nowhere else to go, tens of thousands of people have resorted to living in displacement camps. The lack of shelter, safe drinking water and sanitation facilities in the camps are resulting in outbreaks of infectious and water-borne diseases and other health risks. The result has been a humanitarian disaster for people who already endure far too many of them.
Tut Chuol, a sub chief for Pahkor in Fangak County "Before the floods, we used to cultivate cattle, but now all the cows have died because of flooding and the land we used to cultivate is no longer there. Now there is no food – we just eat waterlilies. If no solution is found, we are going to die."
A young bull looks for pasture in the water near Old Fangak. Cattle are the cornerstone of people's livelihoods in rural South Sudan. Hundreds of thousands of cattle have died in the flooding, leaving people extremely food insecure. South Sudan, June 2022.
Although the country is now entering the dry season, there appears to be no reprieve on the horizon. The devastating impact of the loss of crops and livestock are expected to result in rising rates of malnutrition. With the majority of people in South Sudan being pastoralists, there is also an increased risk of cattle raids to regain animals lost during the floods, leading to flare ups of inter-communal violence.
Despite the urgent and increasing humanitarian needs in South Sudan, international aid cuts are resulting in diminishing responses to people who have very few resources after experiencing consecutive crises. The humanitarian response needs to be scaled up urgently to ensure people who remain in extremely precarious conditions have access to basic essentials, including food, healthcare and shelter.
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text:
Q: How do I submit an address to Paypal Express Checkout? I'm in the process of writing some code that will submit an order to Paypal Express Checkout. Unforunately I can't seem to get the whole address thing to work, and I also can't seem to find much info on it in the API docs. Here's my code so far.
$config = array (
    'mode' => 'sandbox' ,
    'acct1.UserName' => '****removed*****',
    'acct1.Password' => '******removed*******',
    'acct1.Signature' => '*********removed***********'
);

$paypalService = new PayPal\Service\PayPalAPIInterfaceServiceService($config);
$paymentDetails= new PayPal\EBLBaseComponents\PaymentDetailsType();

// Dummy shipping address
// Obviously, in the final version, this would be passed in from a form
$shipping_address = new PayPal\EBLBaseComponents\AddressType();
$shipping_address->Name = "John Smith";
$shipping_address->Street1 = "123 Market Street";
$shipping_address->Street2 = "";
$shipping_address->CityName = "Columbus";
$shipping_address->StateOrProvince = "OH";
$shipping_address->PostalCode = "43017";
$shipping_address->Country = "US";

// A dummy item
// Once again, in a final version this would be passed in
$itemDetails = new PayPal\EBLBaseComponents\PaymentDetailsItemType();
$itemDetails->Name = 'Electro Lettuce Feeders';
$itemAmount = 1250.00;
$itemDetails->Amount = $itemAmount;
$itemQuantity = 1;
$itemDetails->Quantity = $itemQuantity;

// Add all items to the list
$paymentDetails->PaymentDetailsItem[0] = $itemDetails;

// The company is in NYS, so in the final version the
// sales tax rate will be passed in (NYS is destination-based)
$sales_tax_rate = 0.07;

// Order sub-total
$itemTotal = new PayPal\CoreComponentTypes\BasicAmountType();
$itemTotal->currencyID = 'USD';
$itemTotal->value = ($itemAmount * $itemQuantity);

// Shipping total
$shippingTotal = new PayPal\CoreComponentTypes\BasicAmountType();
$shippingTotal->currencyID = 'USD';
$shippingTotal->value = 2.00;

// Tax total
$taxTotal = new PayPal\CoreComponentTypes\BasicAmountType();
$taxTotal->currencyID = 'USD';
$taxTotal->value = $itemTotal->value * $sales_tax_rate;

// Order total
$orderTotal = new PayPal\CoreComponentTypes\BasicAmountType();
$orderTotal->currencyID = 'USD';
$orderTotal->value = $itemTotal->value + $taxTotal->value + $shippingTotal->value;

$paymentDetails->TaxTotal = $taxTotal;
$paymentDetails->ItemTotal = $itemTotal;
$paymentDetails->ShippingTotal = $shippingTotal;
$paymentDetails->OrderTotal = $orderTotal;
$paymentDetails->PaymentAction = 'Sale';

// ***** Is the address from this object passed to Paypal?
$paymentDetails->ShipToAddress = $shipping_address;

$setECReqDetails = new PayPal\EBLBaseComponents\SetExpressCheckoutRequestDetailsType();
$setECReqDetails->PaymentDetails[0] = $paymentDetails;
$setECReqDetails->CancelURL = 'https://devtools-paypal.com/guide/expresscheckout/php?cancel=true';
$setECReqDetails->ReturnURL = 'https://devtools-paypal.com/guide/expresscheckout/php?success=true';

// ***** Or is this the address that will be passed to Paypal?
$setECReqDetails->Address = $shipping_address;

// ***** And can you choose to not pass in the billing address? Or is it required? *****
$setECReqDetails->BillingAddress = $shipping_address;

// ***** If this is set to 0, will the previously provided shipping address be shown
// ***** at all? Or will it just be "modify-able" unless you set this to 1?
$setECReqDetails->AddressOverride = 1;

$setECReqType = new PayPal\PayPalAPI\SetExpressCheckoutRequestType();
$setECReqType->Version = '104.0';
$setECReqType->SetExpressCheckoutRequestDetails = $setECReqDetails;

$setECReq = new PayPal\PayPalAPI\SetExpressCheckoutReq();
$setECReq->SetExpressCheckoutRequest = $setECReqType;

$setECResponse = $paypalService->SetExpressCheckout($setECReq);

//var_dump($setECResponse);
$redirect_url = "https://www.sandbox.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_express-checkout&token=".$setECResponse->Token;

return $app->redirect($redirect_url);

Summed up...
You'll see my questions distributed throughout the code, but here they are all summed up.

*

*Both PaymentDetailsType() and SetExpressCheckoutRequestType() have address-ish properties. Which one will be passed on to Paypal?

*Does the API require that you pass in a billing address if you pass in a shipping address?

*If you don't set AddressOverride to 1, should it show the address that you passed in at all?

But in the end, I most importantly just want to know how to get address passing to work. =). Right now I can't seem to get any address to pass to Paypal no matter what I try.

A: It would help more to see the raw API requests getting generated as opposed to the code generating the requests.  The library you're using should give you some way to see that.  Then you just need to make sure the address parameters are getting passed correctly in DoExpressCheckoutPayment.
If you like, you might want to take a look at my PHP class library for PayPal.  Might kinda suck to start over with another library, but it makes it very quick and easy.  It has files prepared with all the parameters and everything ready to go so all you need to do is fill in the values and it'll work every time.  :)

A: After some furious research, I was able to figure out the problem using Paypal's API explorer. As it turns out, setting ->Address on the SetExpressCheckoutRequestType() object is deprecated. The correct method is to set ->ShipToAddress for your PaymentDetailsType() object.
In my case, however, the reason that nothing was working was because I had my address wrong [slaps palm into forehead]. My zip, while in the region of Columbus, OH is technically in Dublin, OH. So, Paypal was generating an error.
Paypal wasn't showing me error information, however, so I had no way to know what in particular was causing the error. This is where the API explorer came in handy; I filled in the API explorer and tried my request--and it gave me detailed error information.
Since then, I've also found out that I can see detailed error information simply by using:
var_dump($setECResponse);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Giovanni Mazzoni (1848-1918) – politico italiano
 Giovanni Mazzoni (1886-1941) – presbitero e militare italiano, morto sul fronte russo
 Giovanni Mazzoni (1904-...) – calciatore italiano, centrocampista del Parma
 Giovanni Mazzoni (1903-...) – calciatore italiano, attaccante del Prato e del Bologna

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


I love shape-shifters. I love the idea of a person being able to change from a human into an animal. Werewolves are the most commonly seen shape-shifter, but I've also read about tigers, bears, leopards, even a sparrow once. In Shana Abé's novel The Smoke Thief, I was introduced to the wonderful world of dragon shape-shifters, called drákon, and I must say, I'm now completely, head-over-heels in love with the drákon.
Dubbed the Smoke Thief, a daring jewel thief is confounding the London police. His wealthy victims claim the master burglar can walk through walls and vanish into thin air. But Christoff, the charismatic Marquess of Langford, knows the truth: the thief is no ordinary human but a "runner" who's fled Darkfrith without permission. As Alpha leader of the drákon, it's Kit's duty to capture the fugitive before the secrets of the tribe are revealed to mortals. But not even Kit suspects that the Smoke Thief could be a woman.
Clarissa Rue Hawthorne knew her dangerous exploits would attract the attention of the drákon. But she didn't expect Christoff himself to come to London, dangling the tribe's most valuable jewel–the Langford Diamond–as bait. For as long as she could remember, Rue had lived the life of a halfling–half drákon, half mortal–and an outcast in both worlds. She'd always loved the handsome and willful Kit from the only place it was safe: from afar. But now she was no longer the shy, timid girl she'd once been. She was the first woman capable of making the Turn in four generations. So why did she still feel the same dizzying sense of vulnerability whenever he was near?
From the moment he saw her, Kit knew that the alluring and powerful beauty was every bit his Alpha equal and destined to be his bride. And by the harsh laws of the drákon, Rue knew that she was the property of the marquess. But they will risk banishment and worse for a chance at something greater. For now Rue is his prisoner, the diamond has disappeared, and she's made the kind of dangerous proposition a man like Kit cannot resist….In this bewitching novel, Shana Abé transports us into a world of exhilarating romance and magic.
A strong, powerful, race the drákon avoid humans so they won't be discovered. As a half drákon, half human, Rue was an outcast in her world, so she faked her own death on her seventeenth birthday and fled to London. That's why I adore her so much: she knew she would never be accepted and instead of mopping around about it, she took control of her life. In London, she was able to support herself (being stronger than any human man gave her a huge advantage) and stay hidden for nine long years before she was discovered by none other than Kit, the Alpha.
Kit is an alpha in every sense of the word: strong, determined, smart, handsome – the list goes on and on. He didn't ask for or want the position of Alpha, but he sucked it up and did his job anyway. Only once he found Rue did he act selfish in pursuing her single-mindedly and damning the consequences.
The plot itself was as strong as the characters. Stunningly written, vividly descriptive, a fast-paced plot that twists and turns like one of the drákon flying through the night air, and a seductive, captivating love that blossoms between Rue and Kit – The Smoke Thief has everything. Shana Abé has instantly become one of my favorite authors.
Excellent review. I'm getting ready to read this one after letting it sit on my shelf for over a year (shame on me).
Thanks for teh review. I hadn't heard of this book before and it sounds interesting.
How have a missed this one? I love dragon shifters. Thanks for the review, I'm definitely going to have to add this book to my wishlist.


text:
Puakea Ranch draft Environmental Assessment finds no impact
By Elizabeth Pitts West Hawaii Today epitts@westhawaiitoday.com | Monday, September 23, 2019, 12:05 a.m.
A draft environmental assessment was published by the applicant Christie Cash for Puakea Ranch, a 32.4-acre property in North Kohala on Akoni Pule Highway that's listed on the State Register of Historic Places. (Courtesy photo)
KAILUA-KONA — A Hawi property that has been the subject of more than $100,000 worth of fines and a lawsuit by Hawaii County has applied for a special permit from the county to host events such as weddings and to increase vacation rental occupancy.
A draft environmental assessment was published by the applicant Christie Cash for Lot #1 of Puakea Ranch, a 32.4-acre property in North Kohala on Akoni Pule Highway that's listed on the State Register of Historic Places.
According to the draft EA, the special permit would allow the maximum occupancy of the vacation rentals on the property to increase from 18 to 38, and guests and non-guest events with attendees up to 100 would be permitted, as would two events a year at 350 attendees.
Comments on the draft EA are due today.
Cash said the draft EA was done to show the historical aspects of the ranch and the environment would not be impacted by the changes the property is seeking with the special permit.
The county sued Puakea Ranch last November for weddings, concerts and other events being held at the property without a permit. The county had sent warning letters and notices of violations since 2016 that recreational activities are not allowed at the property, which is zoned as agriculture land and not commercial, without a special permit.
The lawsuit sought more than $197,500 in fines, attorneys' fees and costs, and injunction to prohibit unauthorized activities and the demolition of an open recreational pavilion that was built without a county permit.
The draft EA states the special permit would have no impacts to significant archaeological features and normal operational traffic is not expected to have significant impact on the area.
"A biological survey found no threatened or endangered plant species on the property, which hosts a variety of introduced species found in landscaping," the draft EA states. "The only endangered animal is the Hawaiian hoary bat, which forages and roosts at low densities throughout the entire Island of Hawaii. The precautionary measure of restricting vegetation removal to dates outside June 1 to Sep.15 will avoid impacts to these bats."
For neighbors, the list of grievances against Puakea Ranch goes beyond fees and permits.
A neighbor who lives at Puakea Bay Ranch, a gated community on Akoni Pule Highway across from Puakea Ranch, but did not want to giver her name for the article, said her and her neighbors almost all have the same concerns about Puakea Ranch hosting large-scale events.
Among the neighborhood concerns are traffic levels, noise levels and having a commercial business in an agricultural community. They said they have seen guests from events at Puakea Ranch cross the highway and try to trespass into the Puakea Bay Ranch neighborhood.
The neighbor said even if Puakea Ranch pays its fines and is approved for a special permit, it doesn't change the neighborhood stance on the property's activities.
"It has nothing to do with the fines," they said. "Living opposite from a major wedding venue and major conference center is not what any of us signed on to do. This is not why we moved here."
Cash purchased the property in 2006 with her partner, James Nelson. The draft EA states that hours for all events on the property would be limited to 9 a.m. to 8 p.m. Sundays through Thursdays and 9 a.m. to 10 p.m. Fridays and Saturdays.
Cash told West Hawaii Today that the property needed the EA to get the permit, but declined to talk about the permit itself or the fines.
The neighbor said they are also concerned about the property's use of fire while the area is under a drought and susceptible to wildfires. They said use of fire by Puakea Ranch has included firework displays, sky lantern releases, sparklers and bonfires.
Info for Planning Department: http://www.hiplanningdept.com/ or 323-4770.
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KTA CEO Barry Taniguchi dies at 72
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This course will prepare you to work in a palliative/hospice setting regardless of your current/previous specialty experience.
This course is very comprehensive and thus provides much of the content to help you prepare for the certification.
I developed the RN certificate in palliative care course, and then I also teach in the APRN course. I think the reason that it's so powerful is, number one, nurses want the knowledge about palliative care. But, number two, they want to have it on a time that's convenient for them, and most nurses are busy, they're working, they have families, they have lots of commitments in their lives. So, to be able to take time away to go to a class is difficult. But, you take something and put it in an online format, they can access it whenever they want, and it's not just a self-paced course, it's a course where you actually have an instructor in the course with you. So, you're interacting with your instructor, and you're also interacting with the other students in the class. I think probably the biggest myth is that it's very complicated, and it's very difficult, but it's not, at all.
It's actually very simple. It's very intuitive.
Once you make it through the first week, it's a breeze. I think the biggest difference, as an instructor, is that I'm much more interactive with students in an online format. If I stand up and do a lecture, I may have maybe a handful of students that will ask me questions or interact with me. But, put it in an online format, every single student I have an interaction with, plus I know about each individual student. They tell me who they are, where they're from, what they do. So, I can tailor my education directly to that student. I think because we have palliative care programs popping up in hospitals all over the place, and there's a lot of nurses that may have an idea what palliative care is, but they don't know how to interact with their palliative care program. Or, maybe they're a new nurse that's just been, taken a job with a palliative care program, and they don't have the background. So, they want to learn, they want to know what it is.
And then, family members. They have family members who are chronically ill, they've heard about palliative care, they're the nurse in the family, they're kind of expected to know about everything, and maybe they don't know, and they want to learn a little bit more. Well, I think it makes them be more holistic. It doesn't matter if you're a nurse working in dialysis. Actually, I've had a couple of nurses that work in dialysis, and they see these chronically ill patients all the time, but they don't know what to do with them, and how to have those conversations about what next.
And so, I think no matter what kind of nurse you are, and what area, you're going to see patients who could access palliative care, and it's not something we were necessarily taught in nursing school. The focus is on telling nurses what hospice and palliative care is, and then we talk about pain management and symptom management. That's really the bulk of the course, really looking at, how is management of these patients maybe a little bit different than another patient? And then, we talk a little bit about the ethics of palliative care, how we bring in spirituality, social work, the entire team. Just your RN. It could be a BSN, or an ADN. As long as you're a nurse. Actually, technically, even an LPN could take this course. Hi, I'm Carma Erickson-Hurt, and I'm one of the faculty for the RN certificate course and the APRN course that are offered online through Cal State. Very excited to be one of the faculty members. I think these programs are very innovative. They're very exciting. They're easy to access, very interactive. I invite you to go check out the website, and take a look and see if it's what you need.
For Registered Nurses who want an in-depth review to prepare for certification, this course is a great way to review and refresh your knowledge.
Course work includes activities designed to enhance learning through question/answer sessions, interactive case studies, opportunities for students to apply knowledge in virtual palliative care contexts, and the ability to interact with fellow participants in an online community cohort. Participants will be expected to complete one module each week, with the entire program taking a total of eight weeks.
The program is asynchronous, which allows participants to complete the course work on their own time with assignments due at the end of each week. Students can expect to spend eight to ten hours a week on the reading and assignments for the course.
All participants who proficiently complete the course work will receive a certificate of completion from the CSU Institute for Palliative Care.
The program of study is designed to benefit Registered Nurses (RNs) involved in or interested in the field of palliative care. The only formal prerequisite for taking this program is proof of licensure as a Registered Nurse. If you're new to online technology, don't let that keep you away! We have a variety of ways to support you in making your online learning experience successful.


Annmarie undertakes readings using mediumship and her psychic ability. This capability enables her to connect with peoples energy, even when they are not in the same room, or part of the world as her.
Please note the reading will last 1 hour.
Please note Full amount must be paid at time of booking.
Please select from availability a date and time that suites you.


Hara Museum of Contemporary Art in Shinagawa was established in 1979 on the heels of a nationwide boom in art museums. Hara Museum Arc in Gunma Prefecture opened in 1988, making this year its 30th anniversary. This exhibition focuses on these two pivotal years with works from the Hara Collection created during them. Highlights include Lee Ufan's "From Point" and "From Line" representing the Mono-ha movement of the 1960s and 1970s, as well as works by artists such as Anselm Kiefer, Shinro Ohtake, Christo, Tatsuo Miyajima, and Lai Chi-man.
Open on Jan. 3. Closed Dec. 4–Dec. 7, Dec. 11–Dec. 14, and Jan. 1.
Anselm Kiefer, Shinro Ohtake, Christo, Tatsuo Miyajima, Lai Chi-man et al.


Nikolai Ivanov sits on a sofa looking desolate as the Lebedevs' party swirls around him. He's heading towards 40, he has no money, his relations give him grief, he's given up on his marriage and he's drawn to a girl half his age. Oh, and his wife is dying and her doctor blames him for hastening things. Naturally this is a comedy.
As Ivanov (Ewen Leslie) tells Sasha (Airlie Dodds), the young woman who passionately and naively wants to save him from himself, "comedy is tragedy sped up". True, he's a wildly self-dramatising man but that doesn't detract from the truth of what he's saying. Everyone in this backwater is going hell for leather, trying to extract some purpose and meaning from life while flailing around and behaving ridiculously. It's just that Ivanov's skin is much thinner than everyone else's and his capacity for self-disgust – well-earned, it must be said – much greater.
Director and adapter Eamon Flack sets Ivanov, the playwright's first completed full-length play, in something that resembles contemporary Russia, what with the photo of Vladimir Putin on the wall, but it's also very much a version of Australia today. Not a flattering one, it must be said, but punchy and provocative. What do we value in life, what do we have to offer and does any of it matter anyway?
While Ivanov wrestles with his demons, family and friends take a less resistant line. His uncle Matvei Shabelsky (John Bell) could potentially be persuaded to marry widow Marfa Babakina (Blazey Best) in an exchange of valuables: access to his American passport for her; access to her pig-based fortune for him. Sasha's brittle, try-hard mother, Zinaida Lebedev (Helen Thomson), is no pushover in the money-lending business and places a lot of store by appearances. Pavel Lebedev (John Howard) just goes along with whatever his wife wants. It's easier.
Ivanov's cousin Misha Borkin (Fayssal Bazzi) has flexible morals and is a buffoon likeable in limited doses. Even Sasha, in whose shining youth one can see some tiny hope for the future, babbles on about "active love", a label to rival "conscious uncoupling" as a way of describing the complexities of intimacy.
They do little more than pontificate about money and politics, talk themselves up, gossip cruelly, sing a few songs and get a skin full should the occasion merit. Their uselessness is grotesque and very, very funny. The only people somewhat spared are Ivanov's wife Anna (Zahra Newman), an intriguing woman "from another country" who shares outsider status with Doctor Yevgeny Lvov (Yalin Ozucelik), who is Turkish. Covertly (Anna) and overtly (Lvov) their judgment hangs over the group. It's a big cast and a wonderful one, not forgetting the Lebedevs' hired help, Gabriella, played by Belvoir assistant stage manager Mel Dyer in a performance of pure comedy gold.
Leslie's Ivanov is, of course, insanely attractive despite the flaws he describes so vividly and exhaustively and he is, of course, doomed. He goes in for some meta-theatrical posturing about Hamlet, which goes down exceptionally well given Leslie's history with the Dane (Melbourne Theatre Company in 2011, Belvoir in 2013), and seems to be very much in love with the idea of being the lost soul. Ivanov is a man of poses – the thwarted intellectual, the failed man of action – but Leslie also makes one see the horror of such emptiness as well as its absurdity. "I am in disgrace with myself," he says, and nothing could be more despairing. He stands outside himself, can see what he is and can do nothing to alter his course.
Needless to say Flack doesn't allow a drop of sentimentality to intrude. Chekov tried a couple of endings for the play and Flack chooses the one that shows our man as the plaything of fate rather than creator of his own destiny. The joke's on him.
Ivanov ends on November 1.
Bell Shakespeare, Playhouse, Sydney Opera House, March 5.
"A SAD tale's best for winter. I have one of sprites and goblins," says the boy Mamillius, through whose eyes John Bell filters Shakespeare's late, great fable. Mamillius's bedroom, bathed in a fairy-world pastel light and hung with stars, is where everything will happen, a reflection of the lad's experiences, imagination and desires.
Amidst the child-size chairs, tumble of toys and a dress-up box, Leontes, king of Sicily, launches into a bewildering denunciation of his wife Hermione and orders the deaths of those closest to him, Mamillius dies and his new-born baby sister is abandoned in Bohemia. Sixteen years pass and, magically, harmony is restored after scenes of bucolic simplicity, assumed identities and sweet romance.
Bell's decision to put Mamillius at the centre is a touching one. The child who was supposedly the image of his father and presumably heir to his throne – where is he at the joy-filled ending? Has the sensitive boy who, "conceiving the dishonour of his mother, he straight declined", been utterly forgotten?
Not here he hasn't, and this brings a set of memorable images (a terrific solution to the "exit, pursued by a bear" problem) along with questionable emphases. Bell's production lacks weight and deep resonance, a situation underscored by the laughter too often elicited where horror or disgust would be more effective. Not all the text is delivered with clarity, either – too often there are long strings of sounds that fail to make sense – although a big bouquet goes to Michelle Doake's wonderfully centred Paulina. I also very much liked Felix Jozeps who doubles as a courtier in the first half and Prince Florizel in the second.
The production smooths over the two very different halves of The Winter's Tale, but this isn't a play that seeks stylistic unity. The first part is hell, or should be, and without strong distinction between Sicily and Bohemia the latter's trippy flower-power vibe registers as goofy rather than the radiant relief of a world where love and peace may be found.
Myles Pollard's hearty Aussie bloke reading of the part blunts the extremities of Leontes's jealousy. He's one of those vigorous touch-feely men, pummelling and punching, exerting his physical strength. It sets up the picture of a man who doesn't think very much. That's a possible way of looking at Leontes's inexplicable actions, but a reductive one. The Winter's Tale, as Bell's production stresses, is a story; something of which to take heed. It's not one of those all-too-frequent, terribly sad reports of domestic violence we read about every day in the paper, destined to be repeated in a never-ending loop of unreason. A Leontes such as this fails to convince of his profound sorrow, and he is rather sidelined in his reconciliation with Helen Thomson's poised Hermione – potentially one of the most heart-cracking scenes in all theatre. This production has made it all about the boy.
But what a boy. At Wednesday's opening Mamillius was played by Rory Potter (he shares the role with Otis Pavlovic). Potter, 13, is already remarkable. His qualities of keen watchfulness, alert intelligence and ability to be still but highly engaged are gold dust.
To have him as observer and at times orchestrator of the drama – he is a mini-Prospero if you will – is not a wildly off-kilter idea but it is limiting. The immense, soul-tearing themes of reconciliation, unswerving commitment to the truth, unalloyed goodness and the power of forgiveness in the face of appalling wrong are diluted. Bell gives us the story of a boy who wants his mummy and daddy to love each other and to be together. It doesn't seem the best use of The Winter's Tale.
The Winter's Tale ends March 29.
A version of this review appeared in The Australian on March 7.


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Horný Vadičov este o comună slovacă, aflată în districtul Kysucké Nové Mesto din regiunea Žilina. Localitatea se află la , se întinde pe o suprafață de  și în 2017 număra 1.619 locuitori.

Istoric
Localitatea Horný Vadičov este atestată documentar din 1386.

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Legături externe

Localități din Slovacia


Research by Santander Mortgages suggests that changes to Stamp Duty will enable millions to move up the property ladder.
Buyers of homes worth the national average of £275,000 will make a saving of £4,500 under the new rules. Estate agents predict a cash injection into the housing market leading to higher prices as buyers put their savings into improving their bids. First-time buyers will most likely not benefit from the changes.