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Preschoolers | S.5 Ep.4
April 29, 2021 Iowa State University Extension and Outreach Season 5 Episode 4
Embrace your preschooler's growing confidence by giving them some responsibilities—like putting away toys and pulling on their own socks.
Mackenzie Johnson: 1:17
Welcome to The Science of Parenting podcast where we connect you with research based information that fits your family. We're going to talk about the realities of being a parent and how research can help guide our parenting decisions. I'm Mackenzie Johnson, parent of two littles with their own quirks, and I'm a parenting educator.
Lori Korthals: 1:32
And I'm Lori Korthals, parents of three in three different life stages. One is launched, one is in college, and one is in high school. And I am also a parenting educator. And today we are going to be talking about the research and reality around preschoolers.
And I live with one. I got things to say, guys. And stories to tell. Yes, so we are going to be looking at, you know, this season, we're really digging into this idea of the developmental milestones, and what's it like to parent kids of different ages. And so again, those milestones are things that are typically expected of kids by a certain age, and we're going to be talking about them in general, but do know that. I should say know and remember that each kid develops at their own pace. I can say, even in my house, I had one that was pretty early, and one that was a little later. So every kid kind of develops at their own pace, whether early, right on time, or a little later, and that you're the expert on your kids. And so our role is just to provide you with some research based information about your kids' development. You get to decide what's best for them and your family.
You do and also recognize that there are many factors that affect the rate of development in children. Of course, there's temperament which you can listen to in season three, the episodes where we shared about how temperament affects our parenting, well, it also affects children's development. Other things that impact development could include the environment that children are living in, the genetics, and so much more. So if you do have concerns about your child's development, we recommend that you talk to your family healthcare provider, or your local Area Education Agency.
Yes, because we're giving the general, right, but if you've got questions, there's great resources. Exactly, exactly.
So in the meantime, let's talk about the definition of preschoolers. According to CDC, who says that this is the ages between three and five.
Yes. Which sounds right, like pretty straightforward. We talked about in our previous episodes, there was some debate around toddlerhood versus infanthood. That's still kind of the case. Right? Some people say it's about the age of three to five and others say it's about more about like the stage of well, it's really once a child starts preschool.
Exactly, exactly. And as we think about the ages of preschool, you know, you said you live with a child who's this age. So what do you think is great and tough about this stage?
There's a lot of both. Okay, one thing that I think is great I talked about in the episode on infants, Oh, we love our babies, but they like need a lot from us. I am really enjoying the independence part of having a preschooler, right? They can get themselves dressed in the morning most of the time and you're hungry, you can grab a snack kind of stuff. And so I'm really enjoying a little more of that. I think that's great. And also, I just feel like they get funny in preschool. Like they understand things a little more. So they've got a good sense of humor. And so I do, I think that's great about preschool. What do you think's great about preschoolers?
So I taught preschoolers and I have to say that before I had children, I would tell you that this is my favorite thing ever. Preschoolers are my favorite thing. And, you know, one of those things that you said was, you know, their humor, they're learning more. But some of the best stories that I have about my children are from their preschool age, and that might be phrases that they've said. So one phrase that my older daughter said was, we want to go to the swimming cool, right, Mommy? Isn't she right? It's where you get cool.
Yeah, cool down.
Great. Exactly. And then, you know, another phrase she would say is the phrase, I need my glip gloss. Okay, she's kind of right. You know, it makes us glittering and glitzy. It's our glip gloss. And then the last one was, we always ate girl cheese for grilled cheese. You know, so those things they're learning and they're like deadpan serious.
We need to have some girl cheese, mommy. Anyway, that's one of my favorite things about this age is just that they're learning and what they're learning comes out in so many different ways that yes, lots of great stories.
There is. Also, there are some tough things too, right? You know, just like every stage, it's got some things that are great and some things that are challenging. Yes, I think for me, one of the tougher things is there's so much energy and interest and curiosity for my daughter at this age, about what other people are doing, and how society and norms and roles. And she talks so much about traditions. She must have picked up that word at preschool, but this is our tradition in our family. This is our tradition. Which maybe is a little bit of her less adaptable temperament if I'm honest. But I think some of that is like, I feel like there's so much to teach around the context of things. Okay, well, the reason that so and so is doing this is because, right? When you're doing this with your friends, and so I do, I just feel like there's a lot of, which is great, but like, gotta be on my game.
It's a different kind of being on your game with preschoolers, absolutely 100%. So well, let's look at some of those different changes and challenges and great things that happen during this kind of age area. And we're going to speak about it in terms of categories or domains. And, again, as you think about these, you know, there are different parts of development across the board in general.
Absolutely. And so we're kind of leaning on a textbook by Patterson for our episode today that gave us some great overarching ideas about those developmental domains or categories. But if you'd like more specific information on the really nitty gritty, specific tasks that preschoolers work on, the Center for Disease Control has a great app that I could go on and on about, but it's called the Milestone Tracker by the CDC. It's research based, and it's great. You can check little boxes of like, yes, my child does this, does this, but it helps you track their development, as well as keep an eye out for red flags if you do have concerns. But for today, speaking in general terms, let's open up talking about this physical domain or category. With our preschoolers, we know that they're working on a lot more of their fine motor and gross motor, right? They've mastered most of the walking and that kind of stuff for a typically developing child. But more of the nitty gritty of, you know, using scissors and picking up chalk or crayons to write, you know, a lot of those fine motor things, but also, mastering more of the gross motor. It's been a big deal in our house, my daughter learning to like gallop versus skipping, right? The difference between those and mastering them, and doing jumping jacks, like more specific gross motor and fine motor stuff. So that and then we also see in preschool, that's where we really start to figure out more of which, you know, we say handedness, but like you have a lefty or right handed child. And so that also tends to appear in preschool because they've been mastering that fine motor.
Absolutely. They've been starting to utilize utensils as toddlers. And then as preschoolers, those utensils turn into crayons and pencils and scissors. And I literally remember thinking, finally in preschool, okay, like my daughter actually is left handed. You know, she wasn't just playing around with the spoon and the fork in her left hand. She's learning to write left handed. Okay, yeah. I need to think about things differently because I'm right handed. So yeah, that is definitely one of those things I remember about preschool. Okay, so how about cognitive or thinking, that part of our brain or the category that will specifically think about envisioning the brain, neurons and pathways in the head, you know, coming together or whatever, right, word picture? What are the things that are happening on those pathways with children? So in the cognitive development or the thinking or intellectual development, we talk about pretend play, and this idea of exploring role playing and kind of playing out, how does this happen? How does this happen? You might hear children say, okay, you say, or you might hear them verbally launching through the script during their pretend play. They're putting things in sequence and in order. And another thing to think about during this stage is that they're still very egocentric. Or they're really only capable of thinking about themselves. Yes, they're playing more with their friends and they can think about their friends. But those internal things that drive them are very centered on themselves. They're not necessarily able to take the perspective of their friend, even though they're playing right next to their friend. And so, as we think of that, we'll learn to think of others, but not just yet.
Mackenzie Johnson: 11:37
Yes. And actually, there's two kind of E words that come to mind as I think about the cognitive development of a preschooler, and it's egocentric and empathy. So egocentric being where the kind of natural you're at, but empathy being the skill that we're helping them develop. You know, we do this by modeling like, oh, how might you feel if someone hit you, or if someone took this away. We help them practice and learn about that empathy, but the reality is, their brain is still not ready to do that very abstract thing of like, I understand what this other person might be experiencing. That's like a very hard thing. And even when they can practice empathy, you know, sometimes you're like, Oh, good job, that was so sweet. But it's not happening all the time. Right? They're still working on it.
Lori Korthals: 12:28
They are so what about maybe we can quickly run through a couple of strategies for how we can help children learn about their empathy or their egocentrism. So when I think of egocentrism, I think of sharing. So as we talked a lot about toddlers, you know, this idea of sharing, and it's still there as preschoolers. When we're asking them to share, we are still asking them to give away something that is very important to them, even though to us as the adults, it may seem like something trivial. They're still at preschool age not able to share regularly. They might share one day, but not the next. What do you do at home with your preschooler and sharing?
Well, I can say one, even when someone has a background in child development, realizing that kids aren't really mastering and getting a lot better at that ability to share until like, older four, you know, so really, at the end of this stage is when they really can get pretty good at it consistently. But realizing that was like, Okay, I need to figure out what else we're gonna do. So one thing we do is, you know, my daughter, there's something she just doesn't want to share, right? She has a little stuffed animal that's her favorite stuffed animal. And I can say that I have stuff that I'm not gonna, like, I don't want to share. It's mine and I'm an adult.
This is my cheesecake, you may not have it.
But so I do, especially if my daughter would have friends coming over, or I can anticipate a situation where she might be expected to share, I sometimes, you know, like, are there some things that are special? You know, like, if she just had a birthday and a brand new toy she's really excited about? Yeah, I'm like, is there something you're not ready to share? And if so, let's go ahead and let's put that away. Let's put it in your room, let's set that aside so that it doesn't cause conflict. So that's one thing that we can do. Another one is thinking about opportunities for maybe turn taking instead of sharing. Thinking about it as we both need to use this, or I need to give it away. And instead, I can see that you're really invested in this block tower that you're making and there's not a lot of blocks. What if, how much time do you need to finish working on this, you know, and then finding a way to engage her younger sibling or friend. And we set a timer for that amount of time. And so it is sharing, right? We're building those skills, but not in the way of like, you need to share that at the same time with another child.
I love that and you really talk about essentially, how can we solve this problem? How can we solve this issue? And it is an issue or it is a problem to the preschooler because they're not able to take on that other person's role. And so that other E word, egocentric, you know, we have to teach them and model how to feel what someone else feels. They aren't just naturally going to feel it. So if we see that maybe our friend hit another friend, we might say something like, Oh, do you see that Jimmy is crying? Oh, what do you think we could do to help Jimmy feel better? And maybe the children can come up with more ideas on how to help Jimmy feel better, but what the children learned was, Oh, Jimmy's crying. Gosh, I cry, too. This is what makes me feel better. And we've seen children share their own stuffed animal with Jimmy because it made me feel better. But Jimmy is crying. And this is what I do when I cry so just that idea of modeling and teaching and helping children give them the words. Well, how can I make them feel better? Yes.
Yes, I think that hints right into another thing. So we talk about sharing a lot in preschool. Right? There's a lot of social development happening, which we'll get to. But also this idea of when there's conflict, which happens when you're playing with a friend or sibling, having kids say, Sorry, right. But I love the idea of how can we make it better. Because as adults, we're able to put ourselves in somebody else's shoes. Like, I did this, I stepped on your toes, I'm sorry, that must have hurt. But a preschooler is thinking like, well, I'm just playing, I wasn't trying to hurt them. It's that idea of an apology. That's one way to help make things better. But yeah, there's lots of other ways too.
There definitely are. And again, remembering that their brains are making connections. Their brains are learning how to solve problems. And as adults, we have all of this history to fall back on. But those little brains, they actually really don't have all that history.
Yeah, they don't have as much experience as we do with those kinds of things. So that brings us to our next domain, which is language. And so right, we know that language explosion, we talked about that happens in toddlerhood, but we see that preschoolers have a much wider vocabulary, right? They're learning and understanding more about the grammar and the structure of language that they speak. I think of hold versus held. I holded this. I held this. And so they're learning a lot more about that. They're kind of exploring with that language a little bit. And we know that our preschoolers, you know, we talked about talk to your babies, help your toddlers find words? Well, same thing with preschoolers. Have conversations with them, explain, use interesting words, and explain them, right? Like, are you familiar with this word? Okay, if not, here's an explanation for it. Our kids really benefit and it helps them get ready to be school aged kids and to read since they'll be learning to read. It's one of the other things that I love about a preschooler, when it comes to language, is they can now use their words to persuade people.
Oh, yes.
I hear so much of the phrase all the time in our house is like, I have an idea. I have an idea? Why don't we? And then after that, Mom, you could. Mom, you can have coffee, and I'll do this other thing. And it's like, I see you here. I see you trying to convince me. But it's a new ability that they have. I can explain what I want to you. And I can maybe even encourage you to go along with it.
Exactly, exactly. And then the other thing about this age is now that they have all these new words, they like to test him out. And I love the way that Barb Dunn Swanson was sharing with us the idea of how do they know which words are appropriate and which words aren't. Because they honestly just hear us using all these words. So, you know, maybe we might accidentally slip in a word or two that is more appropriate for adults than children. I can think of a few words that I might use, you know, to express myself when I drop something on my toe. And then we don't really express maybe at that time to our child, how these words have impact. And children are just testing words at this age. And I always think about questions I would get as a preschool teacher, you know, the idea of when they use these words that are maybe not as appropriate for young children, what should I do? What should I say? And one strategy that we can use is to think about the reactions we give to all words. So we have physical, facial, body reactions to all words, right? Sometimes we laugh at their words, sometimes we frown at their words. And so these new words that they're testing, maybe these four letter words that they're testing as preschoolers, we actually think about our reactions. And so I know that sometimes I maybe snickered or giggled when I heard these words unexpectedly. And that was a reaction I had and so children watch us all the time for our reactions to their behaviors, to their movements, to their words, and and so I think one strategy to use when we have these language surprises, is the idea of no reaction. So as hard as it might be to stifle that snicker or to, you know, crinkle those eyebrows, how can we in this preschool age, really give zero reaction to those surprising words that come out so very unexpectedly? And often in the right context.
Like, okay, that is how you would grammatically and structurally use that. I don't know that I want you to.
So the language, but then in the emotional, right, you want to walk us through a little bit of that?
Yeah, absolutely. So this emotional category then talks about the idea of developing self concept or having more fear at this age. I know that my middle daughter was very afraid of clowns and puppets at this age. Even though when we think about the long running television show that had puppets, live puppets, on that's very much for preschoolers. But in person, those puppets are a very different thing. They definitely have some self regulation and impulse control abilities, but it is not consistent. It is more consistent than with toddlers, but it is not consistent. And for us to expect 100% control is really pretty unrealistic. You know, we're talking maybe 60/40, depending on their temperament, right?
And the day.
And the day. Did they get enough sleep? Or are they hungry? Right?
Absolutely. And okay, so one of the things I love about emotional development that fascinates me both as a parent and as someone interested in child development, this idea that preschoolers aren't really yet able to differentiate between fantasy and reality. And so that's why sometimes movies can feel scary, right? Movies or television shows can be scary to kids. Or even in our house, we recently talked about mermaids, and it's like, mermaids are a fun idea but mermaids are pretend. There's a lot of conversation in the preschool age. And actually, it's one of the reasons why kids can have a lot of fear, right? We talked about kids having more fears, preschoolers, and it's related to, I don't know if this idea of a monster, is that real? Or is that pretend? Exactly. Maybe there's animals that seem scary. Are those real? Are those pretend? And so navigating all of that, we do a lot of explaining to our kids. Real or fake, Mom? I hear a lot of that like, Okay, this idea, real or fake?
Yes. Yes.
So and then the last area is social development. So that's the last domain we're looking at. And we know tons of this with preschoolers. When they were toddlers, they maybe played side by side with another child. In preschool, we can really see them work cooperatively, right? There might be several kids playing a game of house or, you know, playing something outside. And yeah, like we talked about, lots of role taking, right? They're practicing. What does it look like around my house, lots of house roles. That's why the kitchen set and all that stuff are such classic toys. We also see that they're learning and exploring gender roles and norms. Totally typical and awesome for kids to be exploring that. And that can also, as they think about these gender norms, they can tend to prefer similar gendered peers and friends. And so yeah, there's a lot of great development. Kids are exploring the roles in the world and how society works. And it's great to see them kind of start, right, not always getting it, but they actually start to cooperate and play with others. It's just such a good point. And that's totally something, you
Exactly. And one other thing in this whole social arena comes in this idea of teasing. And so preschoolers are actually not very good at differentiating because of what you also talked about, or what we also talked about in the fantasy, what's real and what's not real, that whole idea of teasing. So in the social realm of playing with children w o are older or even adults, th y don't actually understand when someone says, I'm gonna ake your teddy bear and throw t away. To the preschooler, th t's super real. And, you know, t this age, they can, depending n their temperament, be ome very emotional about that social teasing. know, I have a preschooler, that's something we're navigating with family and friends. And it is a way some people try to show affection and get along and play with a kid. And yeah, sometimes, you know, teaching my daughter the words of it's okay to say, I don't like that. I don't like when you tease me about that. But it is, it's a real reaction. Because why would you do that? Why would you say that?
So in your own experience, you know, I know you have experience as a preschool teacher, and raising preschoolers, you know, having had preschoolers yourself, what stands out to you about the stage?
I loved teaching preschool. I love the preschool brain. Of course, you know, I was gonna say that I love teaching preschoolers about their temperament and how to work with things that they got genetically. And the thing I had to always remind myself about preschoolers was this, their brains are four years old, 48 months, four years, which means that they actually have 21 more years that those brain neurons are going to connect and make pathways and roadways in their heads, which helps me oftentimes to lower that expectation bar. And remember that, you know, at some points in time, just because a child had all this language, did not mean that their control or self-control was ever going to be 100% or 80%, or 70%. It was really dependent on all these other factors. Just because their age numbers said three, or four, or five, didn't mean that their brain was three, or four or five, or their language was three, or four or five. So that is really my favorite thing that stands out to me about preschoolers is, they still have so much learning and growing to do.
Oh, yeah. And mine is actually pretty similar. So we talked in the first episode of the season about having an expectation gap, when we think our kids are able to do things that they're not yet. And so that's frustrating for us, because like, come on, you should be able to do this. And it's frustrating for them, because they're like, I'm trying. Not consistently yet.
My fingers won't do this!
And like, I know I shouldn't hit but I don't have great impulse control yet. Like Yes, yes. And so you're getting that they have more time to develop, maybe we need to check our expectation gap. But also, the thing that goes along with that for me is, for a lot of their stuff, they're so much better at things than toddlers are.
I have to remind myself like, just because you can do that sometimes doesn't mean I can always expect to do that. And I'm actually pretty sure I stole that from you. I'm pretty sure that is something you said to me in passing. And, like, okay, yeah, sometimes you can get yourself dressed in the morning with no hassle. Not always. Yes. And it's not because you're being difficult to me right now. Right? Seems to me that they are having trouble getting dressed. It's like, sometimes, but not always. Yeah, in this preschool age is very much that way. There's so much you can do sometimes. And other times, you're gonna need some help.
Yeah, I definitely needed help this morning. Yes, yeah. Alright, so this is The Science of Parenting podcast, right?
Mm hmm. So we're gonna look at the parenting component of this, right? It's great to hear about and understand where kids are at developmentally. But ultimately, we want some practical stuff. We're like, okay, but I live with a preschooler like I'm raising one. What am I gonna do about that? So we got to partner with Iowa State professor, Dr. Diana Lange, who gave us access to her online open access textbook called Parenting in Diverse Contexts. And she has these really great one liners. And so her one liner for parenting a preschooler is to utilize creative and individualized strategies to guide children's desirable behavior patterns to become typical interactions. Okay, it's like a little long with a little bit of jargon. But to use individualized to our kids and to be creative in how we do that, right? We're going to be flexible and what works for our child. Yes. And so we're going to be creative and individualized in our strategies in order to help them have, I mean, we say desired behavior, but really, yes. I mean, a lot of times people call it good and bad, but we know that what each parent thinks is good or bad varies. So what behavior you specifically desire for your kids. In preschool they're learning so much about those norms and rules, we're gonna use those strategies to help turn that good or desired behavior into what normally happens for them. That's what we're really working on. We want those desired behaviors to become those typical interactions they have, with friends, with us, with siblings, with people in the world.
Yes. Because as they grow, they're not going to be with us 100% of the time so we want those behaviors to happen when we're not there to. So I kind of think of this as if I think about the toddler types of parenting behaviors I had, then as a preschool parent, my goal honestly, my task or my role during this time is to create some rules that effectively guide them, but also give them some space and opportunity to learn their own rules or like love and limits, right? So they get to practice their limits. They get to practice making their own rules within my limits, essentially. Yes.
It does go back to Ellen Galinsky's Stage of Parenting, right? Yes. And we talked about that in the first episode this season of authority, that both toddlers and preschoolers, our job as parents is authority. But I think it's different to parent a toddler than a preschooler, but both related to authority. Like how would you differentiate them for people.
I think with my toddlers, my authority was based on that safety area, like keeping them safe. And then as they grew into preschoolers, my authority was really more in that area of, I'm going to set the end boundary, and be okay with your choices in between because I really want you to practice making choices. And I really want you to have a safe space to practice your limits. And so, you know, I might make sure that I have you in a fenced in area on the playground, but I'm going to let you climb up the steps to the slide without me standing right next to you. Because I want you to practice those skills and be able to climb up and down the steps of the slide or the play set with ease, and those are things that you practice in preschool. So I think that's that different authority, where I might set the end boundary, and know that you have all of these opportunities in between that space to find success.
Totally. And I think of with my toddler, I have to proactively, you know, I know toddlers benefit from choices and preschoolers, too, but I really proactively do that with my toddler like, okay, we're having a hard moment. Do you want to put your shoes on? Or do you want me to help you? Right? And I have to really, because I'm used to them being a baby and me just doing all of it for you. So in toddlerhood, I think a lot more proactively about those choices. And then yeah, versus in preschool, I think a lot more about the guidance of guiding their behavior and like you said, the wider boundary that you choose within. So the choices do look a little different.
They do, they do. Okay, so should we share some quick strategies?
Yes, we've got some great strategies from the Center for Disease Control, the CDC has great positive parenting tips, and we're not going to cover all of them from there. We're gonna choose a few that we think are really great just to share with you. Got to get practical here, right, for your reality, some strategies for you. Yes. So my favorite one, one of my favorite ones, I can never pick just one of my favorite ones, is actually about how we guide and discipline our kids. We know that discipline is about teaching. And so we want to be clear and consistent in our expectations and our guidance with our preschoolers. We want to explain and show the behavior that we expect from them. And so when we do need to tell them no for something, right, we do need to set that limit, set that boundary, keep them safe, or whatever the reason might be, we want to follow up with what we expect and what we do want them to do instead. Absolutely.
Okay, so one of my favorite is letting them do simple chores, even if it's not the perfect way that we like it. Okay, so we have to step back as a parent and say, okay, they can match the socks, and even if they don't fold or ball them or whatever, your way of matching slacks happens, we're gonna be okay with that because they're working on matching socks. So they can help us with simple chores and we have to recognize that it might not be perfect. And we can go back and do it later as long as they don't see us, but allowing them the opportunity to practice those things.
And then my other two favorites that I really liked. One is a lot of problem solving with preschoolers, right? Yes. Especially when they're upset, like helping them navigate, like you might be feeling. And sometimes it's asking like, are you feeling frustrated? Or disappointed? Are you jealous, right? Some of those more complicated feelings that preschoolers can have, but that we're helping them problem solve and come up with ideas to do that. And then also, another really simple one, which again, we did with toddlers, is giving them a limited number of choices, right? Like maybe two to three, deciding what to wear, deciding when to play, what to play with, what to eat for snack, right? There's two choices, you can choose one of these. And so we're still offering lots of those choices because they're going to continue on this path as they gain more independence from us into school and stuff. I want them to be able to practice making those choices themselves.
Absolutely, absolutely. And one resource that we want to share with you and the other strategie , we'll put those on our blog ite. We'll put these reso rces on our blog site as well But we love that we have been a le to share the Just in Time arenting newsletters with you. emember, they're free, they ome straight to your inbox there's research on child devel pment and practical strat gies for you to use. They' e super pretty, and they just re right there at your finge tips. You can get those at Just n Time Parenting, so it's jitp. nfo. And they come each month And we also wanted to let you k ow about an Iowa State resou ce called Ages and Stages. And t ese publications are from Iowa tate Extension. And we menti ned these on the first episo e, but we want to really put t ese in our blog for this parti ular week. They're wonde ful, concise, written by one o our fabulous colleagues, and t ey look at some of the miles ones of your children. And so ta e an opportunity to go downloa those. They're great because you can actually hand them out to others as gifts. Maybe hey're gifts for your own fa ily as they learn about the a es and stages of your child. ut we just want to make sure th t we always share resourc s available to you.
Absolutely, yeah. And you can find all of those on our website. If you forgot scienceofparenting.org. Along that right hand column, you can click right into preschoolers and get the Ages and Stages, information from Just in Time Parenting and lots of other great stuff. So I think this brings us to our Stop. Breathe. Talk. moment with our producer. This is a portion of our podcast that's based on our flagship parenting strategy of stop, taking a breath before we react. And instead, we respond and speak with intention in our parenting.
Mackenzie DeJong: 38:43
Hi Kenz.
Alright, so I am here to ask a question that was asked in a workshop that we recently had. So Lori has actually already answered this question. And she had a really fabulous answer for it. So I actually wanted to ask that question and have her share her answer to it. So as a workshop participant, she asked the question that she has a preschooler, I think she said three or four. Every time that they go to the store, her preschooler wants everything and anything, right? She wants this. She wants that and anything that she can't have she throws a fit about. And I think if any of us have ever been in a store with a child, we've seen this happen, right? So do you have any advice on what a parent can do in that situation when my kid just wants everything and I can't give them everything? And they're throwing a fit? Because they can't do everything?
And they have an intense temperament, right? So we've talked several different times given a couple different strategies. And these strategies are based on that idea of practice. And so the answer that I gave was based on going to a store. So we're going to call this store Tangos, right? And so I said, well, you have the great brain availability of this top of this three year old, okay, so better than a toddler in terms of more connections in the brain, right? But still that not consistent emotional control. So you can say to your child, we're going to go to Tangos and at Tangos, we're going to buy some towels, let's say towels. So we're going to Tangos to buy towels, and your preschooler, they have enough brain connections to be like, Oh, I remember Tangos. It's got that big T. Yeah, T, tuh, tuh, tuh. You can do all kinds of right with that. So practicing. Okay, I actually know that I don't have to go to Tangos to get towels right this very minute. So we're gonna practice just in case I actually have to leave Tangos without the towels. And so you can practice with the child. We're going to go to Tangos to get towels remember, what are we going to get there? We're going to get towels. Yes, that's right. Right. So only towels. Yes, only towels. Okay, and you just had this conversation the whole way there. You get to the store and the child sees toys, right? And so the child says, I want these toys. Oh no. Remember, we are going to Tangos to get towels, not toys. I love that. And you can just have this dialogue over and over. And essentially depending our child's temperament, right? If they are able to stick to the towels at Tangos, you had practice and you got to leave with towels and you needed them, but maybe not just this moment, just in case, right? Or you can say and we've talked about this in one of our season one episodes, you can begin to say, mmm, I can tell that you really want these toys. But remember, we were just coming to get towels. Now you can choose to walk on your feet, instead of throwing a tantrum on the floor. Walk on your feet so we can go get towels or we have to leave without towels. Okay, we're not even talking about the toys. We're going to talk about getting up on our own two feet, walking to get the towels and exiting the store with the towels. Or not even maybe getting to walk on our own two feet because mom might have to pick you up and carry you back to the car with no towels, let alone no toys. But the idea behind that is practice. Practice when you know you don't need the necessity, practice the conversation. Mackenzie talks about having the housekeeping area for her preschooler to play with. Practice it at home in your house area. Now we're going to pretend that we go to Tangos to go get towels, what happens if you see a toy? What do you say? Just towels, Mommy, just towels. And so that's, you know, just that idea that you as a parent have permission to practice. You don't have to get it right the first time, we don't expect our children to get it right the first time. So you as a parent have the right to practice.
And you're kind of practicing it together. It's practice for your kid, but also for you to like, know how to navigate those situations, too.
Another one that we do at our house to kind of, I try to get my preschooler and I on the same team regarding where we're going. And so we talked a little bit about how advertisements on like a video or on something. They're trying to give us the gimmies, right, they want us to buy stuff, they want us, they want us to spend our money. And so we talked about that in the store that sometimes they'll set something up to try to give us the gimmies. So we get on the same team of playing this little game of, you know, before we go into the store, like oh, you know, I know sometimes I see my favorite section in the store. And they have it set up to try to give me those gimmies to get me to buy stuff so then if we get to that moment in the store, if there's a toy display or a certain food, if we're in the grocery store or something. It's like, oh, tiptoe. Be careful for those gimmies. They'll try to get you. But it gets us kind of on the same team and there are times it doesn't work, right? There are times when it's like Mom, Mom, you know, please, or if dad's with us, or dad's there. And it's like, I could just, it's like, Oh, you know what we came to the store to get today? Towels. You know, we aren't here to buy snacks today. Be careful. Like I think those gummies might be getting you and then sometimes it's almost a little defensive, you know of like they gotta show like, they're not. The gimmies are not getting me. I was just talking about it. I did it. I'm proud of myself.
And that's great. I love it.
Yeah, and there are always lots of gimmies for some reason, at the best stores, they put the best clothes, right close to the register. And there's always candy in the register.
I think the other thing that helps us is, when if my daughter would choose to come to the store with me, it also helps us practice a little bit of money sense of like, but having a consistent expectation of, if you'd like to help me buy some groceries or like to help me choose one thing, but less than this, right? And then specialize to your family, right? Everybody's resources look a little different. But trying to have that consistent, because one time I can expect my mom to say, sure we're having a fun day. I'll buy that. And the next time I'm with dad and dad's like, No, we're not. And then the next time mom says, why would you ask? You know, and so a little bit of consistency on like, if you're coming to the store, you can expect to either not buy anything, right? I'm going to be really clear with you about whether or not you can expect to get something extra.
Yes. Awesome.
All right, thank you for sharing.
Great question. Yes.
Love that question. And from a real parent, that's what I was gonna say.
And if anyone out there listening has questions, be sure to send them in to us because I might use it on the podcast to stump my hosts and who doesn't want to stump our hosts.
Absolutely. Well, thanks, Kenz. That's our little Stop. Breathe. Talk. space. Slow down, think about the topic at hand and kind of speak with some intention. So today, we got to talk about preschoolers and parenting them. We know they have so much development, like every stage, right, so much going on. Learning a lot about kind of the norms and the rules of how things work. They're getting better with their body, right, fine motor, gross motor, so much emotional and social development. And we know that, you know, we can set like you said, loving limits. Give them some choices, some independence, but also helping guide them and problem solve.
Yes, so next, we're going to talk about that school age, the elementary age or what is sometimes referred to as middle childhood. But in the meantime, thanks for joining us today on The Science of Parenting podcast and remember to subscribe to our weekly audio podcast on Apple, Spotify or your favorite podcast app. Watch the show on video each week and join us on Facebook and Twitter @scienceofparents and see the content in your feed.
Absolutely. Please do come along with us as we tackle the ups and downs, the ins and outs, and the research and reality all around The Science of Parenting.
Anthony Santiago: 47:45
The Science of Parenting is hosted by Lori Korthals and Mackenzie Johnson, produced by Mackenzie DeJong, with research and writing by Barbara Dunn Thompson. Send in questions and comments to parenting@iastate.edu and connect with us on Facebook and Twitter. This institution is an equal opportunity provider. For the full non-discrimination statement or accommodation inquiries, go to www.extension.iastate.edu/diversity/ext.


text:
local utils = require "kong.tools.utils"
local Errors = require "kong.dao.errors"
local schemas_validation = require "kong.dao.schemas_validation"
local validate = schemas_validation.validate_entity

return setmetatable({}, {
  __call = function(_, schema)
    local Model_mt = {}
    Model_mt.__meta = {
      __schema = schema,
      __name = schema.name,
      __table = schema.table
    }

    function Model_mt.__index(self, key)
      if key and string.find(key, "__") == 1 then
        local meta_field = Model_mt.__meta[key]
        if meta_field then
          return meta_field
        end
      end

      return Model_mt[key]
    end

    function Model_mt:validate(opts)
      local ok, errors, self_check_err = validate(self, self.__schema, opts)
      if errors ~= nil then
        return nil, Errors.schema(errors)
      elseif self_check_err ~= nil then
        -- TODO: merge errors and self_check_err now that our errors handle this
        return nil, Errors.schema(self_check_err)
      end
      return ok
    end

    function Model_mt:extract_keys()
      local schema = self.__schema
      local primary_keys_idx = {}
      local primary_keys, values, nils = {}, {}, {}
      for _, key in pairs(schema.primary_key) do
        -- check for uuid here. not all dbs might have ids of type uuid however
        if schema.fields[key].type == "id" and not utils.is_valid_uuid(self[key]) then
          return nil, nil, nil, self[key].." is not a valid uuid"
        end
        primary_keys[key] = self[key]
        primary_keys_idx[key] = true
      end
      for col in pairs(schema.fields) do
        if not primary_keys_idx[col] then
          if self[col] ~= nil then
            values[col] = self[col]
          else
            nils[col] = true
          end
        end
      end
      return primary_keys, values, nils
    end

    function Model_mt:has_primary_keys()
      local schema = self.__schema
      for _, key in pairs(schema.primary_key) do
        if self[key] == nil then
          return false
        end
      end
      return true
    end

    return setmetatable({}, {
      __call = function(_, tbl)
        local m = {}
        for k,v in pairs(tbl) do
          m[k] = v
        end
        return setmetatable(m, Model_mt)
      end
    })
  end
})

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The 21st century is the era of continuous development in technical and electronic items which become possible due to some advancement seekers brands. Smartphones and laptops, notebook considered as a top-selling electronic item that performs some computing task in a well-organized way and replaces the habit of using traditional computers and telephone. The smartphones are not only simple calling device due to some updated feature which justified with its every single penny. These features make it an essential item in daily routine to make life easier and calm.
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There isn't any boundary for the brand conscious smartphone lovers who were eagerly looking for something classier in Pakistan. They can purchase any models of OnePlus Mobile in Pakistan which fits with their need and overcome their thrust to become the owner of an advanced smartphone.
If you are suspicious about the availability of your favorite OnePlus then you don't need to be worried at all. You can get the electrifying range of OnePlus Mobile Phone from our online store which was not available at different outlets. You can compare price, feature, and design of different models of OnePlus with the help of provided descriptive details and shop the favorite one with full confidence.
The Pakistan Telecommunication Authority restricted smartphone users to register it for the verification through particular steps. This law sometimes irritates smartphone users but now our customer doesn't need to face that frustrating situation anymore. We took the responsibility to provide already registered smartphone by PTA with the company warranty. Our particular step makes our good reputation among online smartphone dealers and shows our passion for satisfying our customers.
We believe to follow the latest trend of shopping in Pakistan and offer a genuine variety of branded products which is not conveniently existing in the local market. We also enrich our online store with a different model of OnePlus. Our collection definitely ends your search for latest smartphone and you can also get complete information through our product page. The complete detail will help you to catch the right one from the vast collection. You just need to place your order as per your convenience to purchase any model of OnePlus and pay through our any secure payment. We will dispatch it to you in a dedicated time frame and keep you update about the delivery schedule.


Poster with an illustrated alphabet, to make it easier to learn the letters, on a turquoise background. Ideal for your children's room.
If you like this style, we want to show you more posters by ANNABOYE . Find even more kids posters favourites!


Limestone waiting to become the new retaining wall.
The walls are taking shape!
Limestone wall is built up against the backerboard to keep moisture out!
The first of several steps coming of the existing patio.


Kevin Stewart is a promising defender who joined Liverpool's Academy in July 2014 after leaving Tottenham Hotspur.
He is a full-back who can play on either flank and teams up again with Alex Inglethorpe who knows him well from his Tottenham days.
Stewart was born in Enfield, London, and joined the Spurs Academy in July 2010. In March 2013 he was given the experience of going out on loan to Crewe Alexandra.
He started the 2014-15 season with the U21 squad and then joined League Two outfit Cheltenham Town on a month-long loan in January 2015 before returning to Anfield on February 2.
The defender was on the move again at the end of March, heading to Burton Albion for another spell of first-team football.
Stewart scored a dramatic winning goal against Cambridge United on the final day of the 2014-15 season which saw Burton Albion seal the League Two title.
In July 2015, Kevin agreed a loan switch to League One outfit Swindon Town. He was recalled by Liverpool on January 8 2016.


text:
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HomeNewsKawartha Lakes OPP Seize More Than $2 Million In Cannabis Plants
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Kawartha Lakes OPP Seize More Than $2 Million In Cannabis Plants
By Pamela Vanmeer
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0/
KAWARTHA LAKES-2,274 cannabis plants were seized by OPP while executing a search warrant that interrupted the illegal production of cannabis at a local property.
Police say on August 8, 2021, City of Kawartha Lakes OPP Community Street Crime Unit (CSCU), with assistance from Haliburton Highlands, Peterborough and Northumberland CSCU along with Office of the Fire Marshal (OFM) and local fire, executed a Cannabis Act related warrant at a property on Morton Lane in Sebright. The plants seized were the equivalent of 2 dump trucks full and worth a total estimated value of $2,274,000 according to police. Two ounces of Cannabis resin (approximate estimated value of $560) and 7 grams of cocaine (approximate estimated value of $700) were also seized. Along with, an RV mobile home, an ATV and a prohibited weapon.
Two persons were located and charged as a result of this investigation;
Nick ELLIOTT, 46 years of age of Norwood has been charged with;
Cultivate, propagate or harvest any cannabis plant at a place that is not their dwelling-house (or offer to do so)
Possession for the purpose of distributing.
Donald HALL, 59 years of age of Centre Hastings, has been charged with;
Unauthorized Possession of a weapon
Possession of a schedule I substance – Cocaine
The accused are scheduled to appear in the Ontario Court of Justice in Lindsay on September 9, 2021.
&nbsphttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0/
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Pamela Vanmeerhttps://www.kawartha411.ca/
Pamela VanMeer is a two time winner of the prestigious Radio Television Digital News Association (RTDNA) Award. Her investigative reports on abuse in Long Term Care Homes garnered international attention for the issue and won the Ron Laidlaw Award. She is a former reporter and anchor at CHEX News, now Global Peterborough and helped launch the New CHEX Daily, a daily half hour talk show. While at CHCH News in Hamilton she covered some of the biggest news stories of the day.
Weather Advisory Issued Warning Of Up To 14 Cm Of Snow Overnight, Possibly Freezing Drizzle
Pamela Vanmeer - January 18, 2022
Peter Graham: The Fenelon Falls Man Behind Peddl'n Pete
411 Staff - January 18, 2022
East Region OPP Responded To 247 Collisions During Height Of Monday Snow Storm
COVID-19 Outbreak At Central East Correctional Centre In Lindsay Grows To 51 Cases
© 2022 Kawartha411.ca

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Welcome to The Alliance for GLBTQ Youth
The Alliance for Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender and Questioning Youth coordinates a full range of quality services through partnerships with many Miami-Dade County service organizations. We serve youth, families and their communities while advocating for equal rights and status of all youth regardless of their real or perceived sexual orientation or gender identity/ expression.
The Alliance for GLBTQ Youth was founded in 2006 due to the lack of service provision and resources for GLBTQ youth in Miami-Dade County. In 2008, we implemented a comprehensive service continuum for prevention and early intervention to protect the development of self-identity for all adolescents. Today, The Alliance successfully provides innovative services that respond to the individual and family level crisis, in addition to the societal and policy marginalization of GLBTQ youth.
Our programming is designed to support GLBTQ youth, families, and their communities. We provide care coordination services; family advocacy and support; education and awareness activities; practice and evidence-based research development; youth enrichment activities for GLBTQ youth; and oversight of a service partnership composed of mental health, education/training and advocacy community-based organizations invested in the holistic well-being of GLBTQ youth.
Identifying as gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning one's sexual orientation or gender identity can be hard! We're working on making our communities safer, but people and organizations need resources, information, and training to ensure GLBTQ youth are protected. The Alliance can help! Our coordinated services further develop and sustain the evolving coalition efforts throughout our communities to serve, nurture, and empower GLBTQ youth.
BE A PART OF THE ALLIANCE
CONNECT TO YOUTH SERVICES
© 2013 The Alliance for GLBTQ youth • Design & Web: JACOBER CREATIVE


text:
Wiggle Wight Winter Sportive
30/11/2014 - Yarmouth, Isle of Wight - Sportive
Rating: 100.0% based on 1 review -
Winter doesn't mean that you should stop riding so we've put together a sportive that will light up your imagination, fill you with Christmas cheers and keep you riding deep into the full grip of winter. With a short ferry ride from the mainland, mince pies, indoor feed stations, and hot drinks, this is an end of season must!
So put away your turbo trainers, delay in the madness of the Christmas shopping and head out to the Isle of Wight for an enchanting festive sportive. "The Wight Winter" consists of 2 shorter route options to reflect the time of year.
The event will start and finish from just outside Yarmouth ferry terminal and riding couldn't be any easier. There is a ferry ticketed option which includes entry, return ferry crossing and free parking on the Lymington side of the ferry. For those already on the Island we have a non-ferry ticked option, which includes entry to the event and limited parking in Yarmouth.
The route: From Yarmouth you'll be heading in an anticlockwise direction towards the colourful cliffs of Alum bay and the Needles before making your way south. Here you'll pick up the military road with its dramatic cliff side views and you'll make your way up 2 of the biggest climbs on the route......oozing breath-taking views over the English Channel.
After completing the south of the island, you'll be head north west straight through the centre of the picturesque island with its rolling hills, and in some places sea views on both sides!
With 2 festive feed stations on route you'll have the time to top up on energy levels and get into the Christmas spirit with Mince pies and hot drinks (sorry no mulled wine!!) Warning - limited spaces available due to ferry restrictions, so book early to avoid disappointment.
Event video: http://www.ukcyclingevents.co.uk/videos/wiggle-wight-winter-sportive-2012-video/
http://www.ukcyclingevents.co.uk/events/wiggle-wight-winter-sportive/
Yarmouth Primary School,
PO41 0RA
Wiggle Wight Winter Sportive Video
UK Cycling Events Announce Two New Events in the Wiggle Super Series
Wiggle Wight Winter - The Last Of The 2012 Super Series
Wiggle Wight Winter Sportive 2012
The Rutland Border Epique Weeks to go until event: less than 18 weeks


With state of the art technology at our disposal, we know that visual effects in feature films are pretty much always going to look good. That's why the bad special effects seem to stick out even more like a sore thumb nowadays.
But in the world of television, smaller budgets still make it a little difficult to create convincing special effects, even on bigger budget, sci-fi shows that require effects to immerse the audience in the story properly. That's why it's impressive to see how good many of Marvel's Agents of SHIELD visual effects have turned out to be on the small screen.
Check out a VFX breakdown from the show after the jump, but beware of potential spoilers since this is from the second season of the show. Watch below!
For my money, I've always been rather impressed by the visual effects that bring "The Bus" that our heroes fly around in to life. It looks just as good as any digitally created vehicle we've seen in more expensive movies, and even better than some CGI planes we've seen before.
A majority of this particular breakdown is spent on the sequence where The Bus is blown up, which is the kind of action sequence that wasn't possible on television, even 10 years ago. And while it may not be quite as intricate as some big screen action sequences, the fact that it's able to exists on TV is an impressive feat in itself.
On another note, that opening sequence where Skye uses her powers to throw a soldier across the room, you definitely cannot tell that the solider was created entirely with visual effects, which is pretty incredible.
Agents of SHIELD returns to ABC this fall on September 29th.


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Birds of Paradise Public Relations is a full-service public relations agency.
Strategic media relations and strong, targeted pitching to share your story, secure coverage in traditional and new media outlets, and generate maximum exposure for your brand.
Identification of influencers to collaborate on unique, engaging campaigns that expand your reach and increase your brand awareness.
Social media management and collaboration with your marketing team to create and share content that keep your audience engaged and loyal to your brand.
Blog posts, website copy, e-newsletters, let's create original content that tell your brand story and draw your target audience in.
Let us maximize your product launch with an effective PR strategy shares your news endeavor with the right audience.
Let us help you identify and negotiate opportunities for sponsored engagements and brand collaborations. From sponsored blog posts and social media posts, to product reviews, brand ambassadorships and speaking engagements.
We produce integrated PR campaigns for established companies and startups alike.
TRENDS, TACTICS, AND TALES OF OUR ENTREPRENEURIAL JOURNEY.


empowerment - Wisdom is the retention of innocence through adversity.
Think positively about yourself. Don't let other people bring you down. Remember, you are special. Imagine yourself being successful ten years from now. Put on a pair of rose-coloured glasses, and believe what you want, even if it might conflict with reality now and then. You are to credit for all the good things that happen in your life. Don't let anyone tell you, "You did not build that!" Lay down, be subservient, be depressed - no! "You are a child of the Universe, you have a right to be here." Convince others to like you. This is what you need to do to undepressify yourself.
Think positively about yourself. Don't let other people bring you down. Remember, you are special. Imagine yourself being successful ten years from now. Put on a pair of rose-coloured glasses, and believe what you want, even if it might conflict with reality now and then. You are to credit for all the good things that happen in your life. Don't let anyone tell you, "You did not build that!" Lay down, be subservient, be depressed - no! "You are a child of the Universe, you have a right to be here." Convince others to like you. This is what you need to do to become a narcissist.
To do #1, you must only be sadly detached, at first.
To do #2, you must have psychopathic tendencies.
To do #3, i.e., become a crazed genocidal leader, you must have lots of monetary support from banks and corporations and expensive expensive gnnns. POWER SINK.
(It comes down to who is being empowered, doesn't it? Which group or class. The soulless rich, or the hapless poor. Truth is POLITICS).


You have the ability to customize templates to fulfill your wedding personality. The template involves a lot of unique views, but it's easy to create your own. The templates are easily downloaded and the packages are easy to assemble. Once it is loaded in Microsoft Word, you can use the available fields to make your plans. The templates are fully editable, which means that you can change the graphics, tables, fonts and text to suit your nature and requirements. A completely free PSD template is going to be a superior suite for individual blog sites. Each design consists of several photo areas with many sizes.
There are always several cards in the current market, but it is much better to opt for custom designs. Therefore, make sure your card is synchronized with the rest of your wedding. Personalized cards allow you to personalize the cards according to your recipient and occasion. People who like the design of cards have a great perception about what element can be used with which and where the contrasts should appear to create the wedding invitation.
Wedding invitations are a brilliant idea for people to know more about their type of wedding, theme and place. You can use the original wedding invitation for the event with an image of the true wedding couple along with a recent one. It is possible to make the ideal kit for practically any occasion, while it is a birthday, a specific holiday, training camp or maybe a holiday survival kit. Because it is a very special occasion and requires a lot of planning and organization. Also, if possible, receive a wedding planner from the wedding planner to make sure you do not miss any of the critical ceremonies.
Weddings are joyful occasions that you want to celebrate your loved ones. Or maybe as you can about another person's routine or maybe the Wedding Template. Marriage vows are the most important part of the nuptial ceremony. Regardless of the option you choose, by making your own marriage vows, you will move away from the normal version of traditional vows.
Weddings are always a fantastic way to collect and celebrate your loved ones. They often involve many customs and traditions that you are expected to follow. You have planned every component of your wedding to the smallest detail. If you want to create personalized wedding vows, you do not need to settle for the exact same votes your grandmother used.
Paper planners allow you to simplify the search for commitments and meetings with the naked eye, but it can often be expensive to buy them. Discover how to calculate your break-even point and how information can help your planning. Learn the latest images of the wedding planning template here, and that means you can get the image here simply. It's a wedding in Nigeria is no small thing, whether it's a big or small celebration. Therefore, you must prepare a well-defined plan so that, at each phase of the implementation of your network, the corresponding teams can communicate and obtain updated information on the status of the project. For a small-scale project with achievable goals within a couple of weeks, and involving only a few men and women, it may not require a communication plan. It is particularly useful if you are focusing on an important project that you do not want to lose sight of.
Get together with a couple of neighbors and learn what date works best for everyone. This photo of the wedding calendar template was published. In case the event is two days, make sure everyone has rooms to spend the night.


If you're too impatient to wait for the painkillers to kick in, try this out!
YouTuber Kamil K. Wawrzyszko has a video which has racked up millions of views, with a trick he says has been quite effective to getting rid of headaches or migraines.
And all it requires is three questions to ask yourself.
Where is your headache? What colour is it? What shape is it?
He then asks you to visualise these answers before he repeats these sets of questions over and over again.
After the fourth time, he says the headache should have gone, but if it doesn't - you may need to rewatch it a few more times.
Does it work for you? Give the video a try above.


text:
Brexit: Corbyn's Labour Party Vows To Oust PM Johnson as Parliament Goes Into Recess
EU undermines Britain further by tapping known Brexit-hater to lead talks.
Posted by Vijeta Uniyal Tuesday, September 10, 2019 at 03:00pm 31 Comments
The United Kingdom is heading towards an uncertain future since Prime Minister Boris Johnson and Members of Parliament (MP) still cannot agree on Brexit. Parliament just entered a five-week-long suspension ahead of the October 31 Brexit deadline.
Ahead of the parliament's shutdown, Johnson hoped to call a snap election for mid-October but failed twice to secure the required two-thirds majority in the Lower House of Commons. Instead, the MPs passed a bill designed to delay the Brexit deadline beyond October if the UK failed to reach a deal with the European Union.
Johnson has had a tough few weeks. He lost the Conservative majority in the House of Commons last Tuesday after one of his MPs defected to the pro-EU Liberal Democrats. Now he faces a string of anti-Brexit resolutions in the Commons and the House of Lords.
The leader of the opposition Labour Party, Jeremy Corbyn, wants to use the month-long forced break to prepare the ground for ousting Johnson. Corbyn has long been trying to unseat the Conservatives and install himself as the leader of a caretaker government.
The UK Daily Telegraph disclosed the Labour party's game plan of toppling "Johnson with confidence vote" when parliament reconvenes on October 14:
With Parliament now prorogued for five weeks, allies of Jeremy Corbyn are now focusing their efforts on bringing down the Government when MPs return next month.
Under plans being considered by Mr Corbyn's inner circle, Labour could table a confidence vote 24 hours after the Commons holds a series of votes on the Government's legislative programme.
Johnson is aware that some pro-EU Conservative MPs are more than willing to sell-out the British voters to do Brussels' bidding. He recently accused them of "collaborating" with the Brussels.
"There's a terrible collaboration, as it were, going on between people who think they can block Brexit in parliament and our European friends," the Johnson revealed in a televised address mid-August.
Despite the willingness of some rebel Conservative MPs to undermine Johnson's government over a no-deal Brexit, the prospect of backing Corbyn, whom many on the right see as an old-school Marxist, has so far prevented them from making nice with the Labour Party.
With parliament bitterly divided, the EU has appointed a known Brexit-hater to lead the talks. The newly-elected EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen has tapped former EU Agriculture Commissar Phil Hogan to head the bloc's Brexit negotiations. The Daily Telegraph described Phil Hogan as an "Irish politician with a hatred of Brexit."
By tapping Commissar Hogan, Germany's von der Leyen, a long-time confidant of Chancellor Angela Merkel, is pursuing her predecessor Jean-Claude Junker's policy of punishing Britain for voting to leave the EU.
London-based The Independent newspaper reported the appointment of "EU attack dog" Hogan to the post of chief Brexit negotiator:
Ireland's EU commissioner, an arch-critic of Brexit and Boris Johnson, is to be put in charge of negotiating trade deals for the bloc, Brussels has announced.
The appointment of Phil Hogan to the role of EU trade commissioner for the next five years will see him go up against the UK's negotiators in talks – if the Brexit process gets that far.
Mr Hogan earlier this year rubbished the UK government's "global Britain" plan, warning that Britain would become a "medium-sized" nation with reduced bargaining power. (…)
During Brexit talks he has developed a reputation as the Commission's attack dog: In June last year he said the tide was going out on the "high priests of Brexit", suggesting the British public were finally seeing through the "deception and lies" of politicians like Michael Gove and Nigel Farage, who he named.
The Brexiteers clinched a temporary victory when they forced the House of Commons Speaker John Bercow to step down on Monday. Bercow voted 'Remain' in the 2016 EU referendum and made no secret of where his sympathies lay. Some Conservative MPs challenged his neutrality as the Speaker of the House (the Speaker of the House in Britain carries out a different function than the one in the US Congress) for driving a car with the bumper sticker: "b—-cks to Brexit, it's not a done deal."
The ouster was not without theatrics, with Bercow nearly tearing up before leaving the chair. Conservative Brexiteers "slammed 'biased' John Bercow as 'nauseating' after the Speaker broke down in tears as he announced he was quitting," UK daily The Sun reported.
The Speaker played a crucial role in preventing the government from pushing a no-deal Brexit.
"Bercow has angered the Conservative government by repeatedly allowing lawmakers to seize control of parliament's agenda to steer the course of Brexit." the left-wing daily Guardian reported.
Given the existing power constellation in the house, the victory could be short-lived. The pro-EU MPs are likely to elect another Remainer to replace Bercow.
With the UK government and parliament reaching a deadlock, the prospect of a fresh election looks likelier than ever.
"[A] general election more likely and is seen as a positive move by Brexiteers," the leading Brexit campaigner, Nigel Farage, predicted last month in The Telegraph.
However, both the Conservative and the Labour MPs will have a tough time if they returned to the voters without a clean Brexit after three years of fruitless debates and deliberations. As British magazine The Spectator points out: "406 constituencies voted to Leave, 242 to Remain; and nine regions voted to Leave, and just three to Remain" in the July 2016 referendum.
The spectacular rise of the Brexit Party in the UK European election held in May 2019 shows the widespread dissatisfaction with the mainstream, pro-EU parties. The Farage-led anti-EU party came out as the most significant force in those elections, winning 32 percent of the vote, compared to the Conservative party's measly 9 percent.
This time around, Farage has agreed to "put country before party" by offering to pull out all Brexit Party candidates in favor of the Conservative contestants in a snap election scenario. In a lead editorial, British tabloid The Sun, urged the Conservatives to join forces with the rival Brexit Party. "If [Farage] and Boris's pro-Leave Tories cannot join forces, they will wreck Brexit. And Farage's life's work will be for nothing," the tabloid warned. Johnson has yet to take the Brexit Party up on this offer.
[Cover image YouTube]
31	31 Comments Boris Johnson, BREXIT, Britain, European Union, Jeremy Corbyn
Boris Johnson, BREXIT, Britain, European Union, Jeremy Corbyn
JusticeDelivered | September 11, 2019 at 2:10 pm
I am hoping that the EU ends up just as sore a loser as Hillary.


What would be a normal hcg level at 4 weeks pregnant?
Dani, did you have your levels checked yet? i am waiting on my results today and very nervous!!!
http://www.conceivingconcepts.com/learning/articles/hcg.html This is a site that gives general numbers. I had a blood test on 10 or 11 dpo (4-18-05) so I will ask what it was when I go for another blood test tomorrow and share it. They just told me my progesterone level was 13. Hope this helps. I am just 5 weeks myself!
Why is the # so low and it increases to a huge #. 4 weeks goes anywhere from 4-426. Just curious.
well i just spoke to my doctor and found out that my progestorone is 33 and my HCG levels are 274. I just got back from getting another blood test to make sure the levels are going up? i am wondering if these are good numbers??
At 4 weeks my HCG level was 1,943. I was initially supposed to go back after 48 hours from taking the first test but they said that with that high a level there was no need.
Wow, that doesn't make me feel very comfortable with hcg level. The dr. did say that it's not so much what the number is, as long as it's going up, but I am very concerned. I will just pray that the next test is twice as much!!
Dani, how is everything going with you?? did you get your second hcg results back yet?? I am waiting on my second test.
Lenore, I will find out tomorrow my 2nd set of hcg levels. Your dr. said it's not the # that counts, but that's it's going up? I will let you know tomorrow...also keep me posted too..
Lenore, how many weeks are you again?? I'm 4 weeks and 3 days today.
hi girls... i had a lot of hCG scares when I first got pregnant so i know what you are going through. it IS most important that your levels are doubling every 2 days. If they aren't close to doubling, then you can have a problem. As for the low levels, don't give up - mine were a 2 the first day, then a 12 two days later, and then just jumped from there and now I'm 8w3d with twins and have seen their heartbeats twice! Also, you can't really have a "normal" hcg level at a certain time in your pregnancy because they vary so much - the range is SO big. So just let your doctors check for the doubling and then once you get to 6 weeks ask for a v____al ultrasound and they can figure out your dates then (I happened to ovulate 11 days late!). GOOD LUCK and don't give up hope!
I am 4 weeks and 2 days today. It's still very early, I have had every other symptom, except for nausea, have any of you been sick yet? Thanks for all the support! I will keep you posted on my results today and you do the same!
At 5 weeks into my pregnancy my blood tests showed an HCG LEVEL of 2726mIU/ml. I was told that was a good reading for that time.
Hi gurls, I was just tested for only profesterone yesterday. They dont do HVG unless you are bleeding. It was 17.6 from 13 last week. She said it was fine. How many weeks are you Lenore? Just 4 weeks and your progesterone is 33. Hmmmm, they told me as long at they stay in the teens it is okay. She said some woman go up to 40 then drop as they should when placenta takes over. I wish I knew what my HCG level was now just for the heck of it.


The Ephrata Public Library is pleased to announce it has received an $80,000 grant from the Dart Foundation to be paid in three annual installments for the continued renovation of the Exploratorium Community Commons building, located just south of the Library on South Reading Road. The Exploratorium contains almost 10,000 square feet of measurable value to the community. It accommodates library program expansion and increases community meeting space.
Before the Library bought the building, it contained an auto shop, an ice cream parlor, and low-income housing. The Library purchased the building in 2002 for the purpose of generating revenue through rental income. It was leased to Curves Fitness until 2014. Due to the size and the scope of the work the building needed in order to generate further income, the Library planned a five-phase renovation.
The first phase of the renovation was completed in September 2016. The street-facing section of the building now includes a meeting room, a catering kitchen, and storage. Space is regularly utilized by the United Way of Lancaster County's Volunteer Income Tax Assistance (VITA) program. In 2018, VITA completed 2,130 tax returns at no cost to local residents, saving them nearly $600,000 in tax preparation fees. Outside of the tax season, the Literacy Council of Lancaster-Lebanon uses the same space for English as a Second Language instruction for adult learners, who develop the capacity to increase their annual income by $10,000 for every 100 hours of instruction they complete.
Phase II of the renovation was completed in May 2018, providing offices, restrooms, and a laboratory for a social services partnership. Phase III is scheduled for completion by October 2018 and will convert an existing garage bay into mixed-use meeting space for programs and events.
Future phases may convert the second floor of the Exploratorium into a demo kitchen, a podcasting studio, quiet study rooms, and networking spaces for public and private use. A final phase would include decorative enhancements to the front.
The Ephrata Public Library is a physical and virtual community center. Its mission is to provide resources and to promote opportunities for everyone seeking to improve, change, enrich, and enjoy their lives. The library offers free access to information reflecting differing viewpoints in order to support an open and democratic society.


During the summer we have a regular programme of Field Trips throughout Northern Ireland that are led by subject experts. There is at least one long Field Trip of general interest to a region of Ireland (and occasionally beyond) each summer.
A special Members' Night in late spring provides an illustrated review of the previous Summer Programme and a look forward to the coming season.
We also run a series of evening Winter Lectures usually on the 2nd Tuesday of the month in the lecture theatre at the Ulster Museum, Stranmillis.
Following the Annual Fungus Foray, the Conversazione in October gives members an opportunity to display items of their own - photographs, sketches, specimens, etc. - for which two prizes (Junior and Senior) are awarded.
We occasionally run introductory courses and workshops on such topics as archaeology, plant identification,botany, fossils, rocks, and minerals, etc.
The Sectional Secretaries record club activities and accounts are published each year in the Annual Proceedings. Field Trip Reports are available on the website.
A dinner is held every two years, (with a guest speaker).
Bushmills, Dundarave 6th April 2014 - Botany/Zoology, led by David McNeill.
June 2014, Long Field Trip to North Mayo.
Field trip to County Kildare.


text:
#include <FalconEngine/Input/MouseButtonState.h>

#include <vector>

namespace FalconEngine
{

/************************************************************************/
/* Constructors and Destructor                                          */
/************************************************************************/
MouseButtonState::MouseButtonState() :
    mButton(MouseButton::Unknown),
    mPressed(false),
    mDown(false),
    mUp(false)
{
}

MouseButtonState::MouseButtonState(MouseButton button) :
    mButton(button),
    mPressed(false),
    mDown(false),
    mUp(false)
{
}

/************************************************************************/
/* Constructors and Destructor                                          */
/************************************************************************/
MouseButtonStateMap::MouseButtonStateMap()
{
    static std::vector<MouseButton> sButtons = { MouseButton::LeftButton, MouseButton::RightButton, MouseButton::MiddleButton };

    int buttonNum = int(sButtons.size());
    for (int buttonIndex = 0; buttonIndex < buttonNum; ++buttonIndex)
    {
        auto button = sButtons[buttonIndex];
        insert({ button, MouseButtonState(button) });
    }
}

}


Faculty of Philosophy, University of Sarajevo, is responsible for educating - through teaching, scientific and research processes - capable, creative and internationally competent experts in all areas of interest for the entire Bosnia and Herzegovina in order to be able to execute, professionally and accurately, the demanding tasks of the contemporary economy in the European and global political, social, humanistic and cultural context.
Faculty of Philosophy, University of Sarajevo, will - through a teaching process based research, innovation, and academic excellence – educate the primarily bearers of development of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and will initiate the creation of new solutions and creative ideas, contributing thus to the knowledge-based sustainable development in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The Faculty will act as part of the University of Sarajevo and as part of the integrated European Higher Education Area through the implementation of the common standards established in the Bologna Declaration, and will also reflect intensive cooperation with other universities in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the area of former Yugoslavia, the European Union and worldwide.