text:
The Latin Recording Academy
Latin GRAMMY Cultural Foundation
Latin GRAMMY History
Awards Process
GRAMMY Winners
CALENDAR | THE PROCESS | THE CATEGORIES | CATEGORY DEFINITIONS | SPECIAL AWARDS
Eligibility Year for the 21st Annual Latin GRAMMY® Awards:
June 1, 2019 through May 31, 2020
GENERAL FIELD
1. RECORD OF THE YEAR - SINGLES OR TRACKS ONLY
A record is any type of audio and/or audiovisual sound recording of musical interpretations or performances for subsequent reproduction, regardless of the medium on which it is recorded, provided that it is widely used, and that is released during the eligibility period.
The musical recording must be a song considered a single or a track that has been recorded to promote discographic material, even if it has not been previously commercially released. The recording must in no case have been recorded more than three years before the release date.
Commercial or promotional launches of singles or tracks of new recordings, whether vocal or instrumental, may be entered in this category. Tracks from an album from the previous year may be entered, provided that said tracks have not been submitted previously (including as part of an album) and that this recording has not won a Latin GRAMMY.
The statuette is presented to the artist(s), producer(s) of the album, recording engineer(s), mixing and mastering engineer(s), if other than the artist.
Winner's Certificates are presented to arranger(s), composer(s), and mastering engineer(s); musicians and background singers, when applicable.
Unless otherwise noted, songs entered to compete for record of the year must contain at least 51% lyric content in Spanish or Portuguese, or in languages, dialects or idiomatic expressions recognized in Ibero-America, and accepted by the respective committees by majority vote.
2. ALBUM OF THE YEAR - ALBUMS ONLY
An album (or record) is a group of new songs that have been selected and recorded in a recording studio or using a recording system, and that have subsequently been released commercially for their sale.
The album will be analyzed by the membership, allowing voters to rate elements such as composition, interpretation, production, mixing, mastering, package design, release and marketing resulting in a new product that is ready to complete in music, radio and digital platform markets.
For vocal or instrumental recordings.
The album must contain at least 51% playing time of new material and a minimum of five (5) tracks and a total playing time of at least 15 minutes.
The statuette is presented to solo artists, duos or groups. (For groups of more than 10 members, the statuette will be presented to the "leader" of the group.)
The statuette is also presented to Songwriter(s) of new material, Producer(s), Engineer(s), Mixer(s), and Mastering Engineer(s) credited with at least 33% playing time of the album, if other than Artist, will receive the award.
Winner's Certificates are presented to the producer(s), engineer(s) and Pro Tools engineer(s) of less than 51% of the recording.
Albums of previously released recordings (reissues, compilations and "Best of" packages) are not eligible.
3. SONG OF THE YEAR - SINGLES OR TRACKS ONLY
A song is a new poem or group of words that communicate or are accompanied by musical notes, harmonies, rhythms and movements of unique beauty.
The song entered must bring together predominantly Ibero-American rhythmical elements, instrumentations, lyrics and genres, possibly including a variety of musical styles, arrangements, singers and performers.
To be entered in this category, the song must contain at least 51% of lyrics in Spanish or Portuguese (or accepted languages or dialects) and must be a new song.
Cover songs do not qualify.
The statuette is presented to the Songwriter(s).
A Publisher's Certificate is presented to the music publisher(s).
NOTE: Not eligible: instrumental recordings and cover songs.
4. BEST NEW ARTIST - ALBUMS, SINGLES/TRACKS
A Best New Artist is defined as any performing artist/group who has not reached a prominent level of recognition at a regional level (that is, at a Latin regional level, whether because their recording was not been released in some of the major markets or because the recording has been successful in a few markets but is not known in a wider major region). A minimum of three (3) singles/tracks or one (1) album released during the current eligibility period, are needed to be eligible. Albums, including EPs, must have at least five (5) different tracks and a total playing time of at least 15 minutes.
The Selection and Classification Committee is the body that decides who may enter and compete in this category; always using an inclusive rather than an exclusive criterion. In case of doubt, the decision will be made by majority vote.
The statuette is presented to the artist; whether an individual or a group; and if it is a group, the statuettes are presented to the artists who represent the group and who participated in the recording process of the entered album and who are credited in the label copy.
Not eligible:
• Orchestras or choruses.
• Albums containing less than five (5) different tracks.
• An artist may not compete in this category more than three (3) times, including as a performing member of an established group.
• When the recording artist participated in a prominent role as part of a group that received a Latin GRAMMY Nomination.
• An artist who has released three (3) albums or less than 3 singles/tracks.
• If the recording artist was also the songwriter on a nominated recording in any song category and the song gained its prominence by the songwriter as primary artist.
• A recording artist or group that establishes his/her/its public identity in a language other than Spanish or Portuguese.
• Recording artists or groups that have received a Latin GRAMMY Award.
POP FIELD
Only recordings in Spanish or languages/dialects of Hispano-America are eligible.
5. BEST POP VOCAL ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
Pop Music is considered to be any style of popular music that, even if it has basic rock influences, due to its varied characteristics, is easily promoted and becomes widely known.
This genre falls under the Pop genre when a significant part of the instrumentation is made up of electric instruments (e.g., synthesizers, guitar, electronic drums, etc.).
For albums containing 51% or more playing time of newly recorded (previously unreleased) material and 51% Pop Music.
Albums must also contain 51% or more vocal tracks and a minimum of 5 tracks.
The statuette is presented to solo artists, duos or groups (for groups of more than 10 members, the statuette will be presented to the "leader" of the group), to the producer(s), recording engineer(s) and mixing engineer(s) of 51% or more of the total playing time of the album.
Winner's Certificates are presented to producer(s) and engineer(s) of less than 51% of the total playing time (if not the artist), mastering engineer(s) and Pro Tools engineer(s).
6. BEST TRADITIONAL POP VOCAL ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
Traditional Pop music is considered to be any musical style with influence not directly linked to Rock and that uses more classic rhythms, more traditional arrangements and a good quantity of instruments that are acoustic or, if electric, have a conservative base.
Traditional Pop uses simple standards in long-lasting and popular songs with can't-miss qualities, such as easy-to-remember melodies, along with the charm of the lyrics (examples: balada, bolero, vals, trova, and romantic music).
For albums containing 51% or more playing time of newly recorded (previously unreleased) material and 51% Traditional Pop music. Albums must also contain 51% or more playing time of vocal tracks and include a minimum of 5 tracks.
7. BEST POP SONG - SINGLES OR TRACKS ONLY
Best Pop Song is for singles or tracks from the genres that make up this field, and that contain at least 51% of the lyrics in Spanish and is a completely new song.
Not eligible: instrumental recordings and cover songs.
Publisher's Certificates are presented to the music publisher(s).
URBAN MUSIC FIELD
Music performed in Spanish, Portuguese and languages of Ibero-America
8. BEST URBAN FUSION/PERFORMANCE - SINGLES OR TRACKS ONLY
New vocal or instrumental recordings (singles or tracks only) that have been recorded by solo artists, duos or groups (individually or in collaboration) presenting a recording that is urban in nature (including subgenres such as rap, reggaetón, hip hop, R&B, Brazilian funk, trap, dancehall, etc.).
Mixtures of urban genres that are combined or fused with other music genres are allowed, as long as the urban tendency predominates. This allows the incorporation of "samples" and/or elements of other artists' and/or previous recordings.
For commercial releases that have at least 51% playing time of newly recorded (previously unreleased) material and at least 51% music whose rhythm, melody and performance are urban in character.
The statuette is presented to solo artists, duos or groups (for groups of more than 10 members, the statuette will be presented to the "leader" of the group).
Winner's Certificates are presented to producer(s), engineer(s) and composer(s).
NOTE: Recordings entered in this category also qualify in the Record of the Year category. If one wins in the Record of the Year category, the statuette is presented to producer(s), recording engineer(s), mixing engineer(s) and mastering engineer(s).
9. BEST REGGAETON PERFORMANCE - SINGLES OR TRACKS ONLY
For commercially released singles or tracks (vocal or instrumental) of recordings that contain 51% or more playing time of newly recorded (previously unreleased) material, and 51% playing time of Reggaeton music (as defined by the Urban Committee). It may include a fusion mix of urban styles with other genres as long as "Reggaeton" predominates as the main music character. For solo artists, duos or groups.
10. BEST URBAN MUSIC ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
An album made up of urban music songs (including subgenres such as rap, reggaetón, hip hop, R&B, Brazilian funk, trap, dancehall, etc.).
For vocal or instrumental Urban music albums containing at least 51% playing time of newly recorded material.
The statuette is presented to solo artists, duos or groups (for groups of more than 10 members, the statuette will be presented to the "leader" of the group), producer(s), sound engineer(s) and mixing engineer(s) of 51% or more of the total playing time of the album.
11. BEST RAP/HIP HOP SONG - SINGLES OR TRACKS ONLY
Includes the genres of Trap and Dancehall Songs. A song must contain at least 51% of the lyrics in Spanish or Portuguese and must be a new song.
Award to the Songwriter(s).
Not Eligible: Instrumental recordings, sampling and cover songs.
A song must contain at least 51% of the lyrics in Spanish or Portuguese and must be a new song. Award to the Songwriter(s).
12. BEST URBAN SONG - SINGLES OR TRACKS ONLY
Songs in Spanish and Portuguese are eligible
An Urban song is a group of words performed by the human voice whose phrasing, rhythm, melody and accompaniment (arrangement and/or programming) are of a musical nature belonging to the urban genre (rap, reggaetón, hip hop, R&B, Brazilian funk, trap, dancehall, etc.).
A song must contain at least 51% of the lyrics in Spanish or Portuguese and must be a new song. Award to the Songwriter(s). Not eligible: instrumental recordings and cover songs.
ROCK FIELD
Only recordings in Spanish or languages/dialects of Hispano-America are eligible
13. BEST ROCK ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
A Rock album is one that stands out more for its irreverent/rebellious attitude than for following rules or standards and includes styles and sub-styles such as: Blues, Rock and Roll, Metal, Punk, Hard Rock and Grunge, among others.
For vocal or instrumental Rock albums containing at least 51% playing time of newly recorded material performed by a solo artist, a duo or a group.
The statuette is presented to solo artists, duos or groups (for groups of more than 10 members, the statuette will be presented to the "leader" of the group), producer(s), recording engineer(s) and mixing engineer(s) of 51% or more of the total playing time of the album.
14. BEST ROCK SONG - SINGLES OR TRACKS ONLY
Best Rock Song is for singles or tracks from the genres that make up this field, such as Rock and that contain at least 51% of the lyrics in Spanish and is a completely new song.
A Rock song deals with powerful or profound issues, commonly accompanied by musical instruments typical of the genre such as electric guitars, drums, keyboard and electric bass.
15. BEST POP/ROCK ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
A Pop/Rock album is one that stands out for combining Pop-related melodies/words with Rock elements or vice versa. The appeal of this genre lies in the addition of Pop melodies that, when combined with riffs typical of Rock, create a combination that is classified as Pop/Rock, but where the former predominates in terms of general themes.
The majority of songs must be new, with melodic and instrumental lyrics that respect the characteristic elements of both genres.
For vocal or instrumental Pop/Rock albums containing at least 51% playing time of newly recorded material.
The statuette is presented to solo artists, duos or groups (for groups of more than 10 members, the statuette will be presented to the "leader" of the group), producer(s), recording engineer(s) and mixing engineer(s) of 51% of the total playing time of the album.
16. BEST POP ROCK/SONG - SINGLES OR TRACKS ONLY
ALTERNATIVE FIELD
17. BEST ALTERNATIVE MUSIC ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
An Alternative Music album is one that stands out for its avant-garde and experimental approach, and may use new technologies and new production techniques, such as elements of Rock, Pop, R&B, Dance, Folk, Reggae, Ska, Electronica, Hip-Hop and even Classical music styles.
This category is intended for recordings that exist (at least initially) outside of mainstream music consciousness. For performances by solo artists, duos and groups.
For vocal albums in Spanish or instrumental Alternative albums containing at least 51% playing time of newly recorded music.
18. BEST ALTERNATIVE SONG - SINGLES OR TRACKS ONLY
Best Alternative Song is for singles or tracks that fulfill the conditions described in the Alternative Music Album definitions.
A song must contain at least 51% of the lyrics in Spanish and must be a new song.
TROPICAL FIELD
19. BEST SALSA ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
A Salsa album is one that ranges across such varied Afro-Cuban genres as guaguancó, son montuno, guaracha, son and other more recent rhythms, such as timba. The genre gained strength and became more international in New York City, thanks to the intercultural interaction of musicians from different regions. It later spread to other countries, which adapted it as their own and added variations.
In general, salsa is an interaction between a soloist, choruses and an orchestra of metal instruments, rhythmic bases and percussion. The key is the instrument that marks the beat of this rhythm.
For vocal or instrumental Salsa albums containing at least 51% playing time of newly recorded material and a minimum of five (5) tracks (songs) with different titles. For performances by solo artists, duos or groups.
20. BEST CUMBIA/VALLENATO ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
A Vallenato album is one derived from the genre that was born on the Caribbean coast of Colombia, that includes rhythms such as paseo, puya, merengue, vallenato and son, accompanied by percussion instruments such as the caja and the guacharaca, which help define this genre, and that have also been performed on the guitar and other instruments.
A Cumbia album is the rhythm born on the banks of the Magdalena River in Colombia, that includes autochthonous instruments such as the flauta, the tambora and other basic percussion instruments. For the purposes of this award, it also includes other folk rhythms, such as chandé, mapalé, porro, chirimía, currulao, son, corrido, bullerengue and chalupa. The rhythm spread throughout Latin America and was adapted in each region, and new elements and contemporary instruments have also been identified within this category.
For vocal and/or instrumental Cumbia/Vallenato albums containing at least 51% playing time of newly recorded material and a minimum of five (5) tracks (songs) with different titles. For performances by solo artists, duos or groups.
21. BEST MERENGUE/BACHATA ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
An album which contains established tropical music styles such as Merengue or Bachata.
For vocal and/or instrumental music albums of all the genres mentioned above that contain at least 51% of the total recording time of new material and a minimum of five (5) tracks (songs) with different titles. For performances by solo artists, duos or groups.
22. BEST TRADITIONAL TROPICAL ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
Best Traditional Tropical Album brings together classic tropical genres such as son, danzón, bolero, chachachá, bomba, plena, danza, rumba, joropo and mambo in which the original style of performance and interpretation predominates.
For vocal and/or instrumental albums of Traditional Tropical music above that contain at least 51% of the total recording time of new material and a minimum of five (5) tracks (songs) with different titles. For performances by solo artists, duos or groups.
23. BEST CONTEMPORARY / TROPICAL FUSION ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
Best Tropical Fusion Album is characterized by the mixture (in the same track) of tropical rhythms and avant-garde elements, such as electronic technology, loops, samples, pop, rock or other world styles, provided that the tropical music tendency predominates.
A Contemporary Tropical album brings together established tropical music styles such as merengue, bachata, tropical pop, cueca, candombe, ska, Haitian kompa, socca, zouk, bomba, plena and their derivatives.
For vocal and/or instrumental albums that contain at least 51% total recording time of new material and a minimum of five (5) tracks (songs) with different titles, based on the fusion of the tropical rhythms mentioned above. For performances by solo artists, duos or groups.
24. BEST TROPICAL SONG - SINGLES OR TRACKS ONLY
Best Tropical Song is for singles or tracks in genres that make up this area: salsa, cumbia, vallenato, contemporary tropical, traditional tropical and/or tropical fusion, and that have at least 51% of the lyrics in Spanish and are completely new songs.
To be eligible, a song must contain at least 51% of the lyrics sung in Spanish and must be new. Its style must be based on one of the genres considered tropical and mentioned above in the tropical field.
Not eligible: instrumental recordings or songs that have been previously recorded by other artists or the same artist ("covers").
SINGER-SONGWRITER FIELD
For music performed in Spanish, Portuguese and the languages of Ibero-America
25. BEST SINGER-SONGWRITER ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
A singer-songwriter is a troubadour and lyricist who writes, composes and performs his or her own material, including lyrics and melodies. They generally emphasize the contents of the lyrics over the vocal arrangement or the musical base. Both compositions and arrangements are written primarily as solitary vehicles, where the singer-songwriter uses his or her own world view to extend and promote it, generally in relation to social, political, personal, philosophical, romantic or even protest issues.
They may compose/perform some songs with a colleague, but only if the required participation percentages are observed. In the case of a singer-songwriter album, singer-songwriters must compose and perform in the album to be eligible. "Live" albums may be eligible with 51% new material.
The purpose of creating this field/category was to provide a niche that recognizes authors who have a specific style, who do not always figure on popularity charts and who maintain a very high level of poetic and musical standards.
If the product is entered and reviewed in the Singer-Songwriter category, it may not participate in any other category (except the four general categories and the Packaging, Engineering and Production categories).
The statuette is presented to solo artists or duos, producer(s), recording engineer(s) and mixing engineer(s) of 51% or more of the total playing time of the album.
Winner's Certificates are presented to producer(s) and engineer(s) of less than 51% of the total playing time (if not the artist), as well as mastering engineer(s) and Pro Tools engineer(s).
REGIONAL-MEXICAN FIELD
Only recordings in Spanish are eligible.
26. BEST RANCHERO/MARIACHI ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
A Ranchero/Mariachi album is one whose musical base is performed by a group of at least four dominant/essential instruments of the genre: vihuela, guitarrón, violins, trumpets, guitar or harp, which maintain the style's musical structure.
For vocal or instrumental Ranchero or Mariachi albums that contain at least 51% of total playing time of new material. For performances by solo artists, duos or groups.
27. BEST BANDA ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
A Banda album is performed by a group with at least four of the genre's dominant/essential instruments: tuba, saxores, clarinets, trumpets, trombones, tambora or tarolas, which maintain the rhythmic structure of the banda style.
28. BEST TEJANO ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
A Tejano music album is one in Mexican-American or Tejano style, which could be a hybrid between the Mexican norteño sound and sounds, and styles that have been developed mainly in Texas, which may also incorporate some elements of ranchera, cumbia, polka and swing, and with the prominent presence of the accordion.
For vocal or instrumental Tejano albums that contain at least 51% of total playing time of new material.
29. BEST NORTEÑO ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
A Norteño album is one performed by a group with at least three of the genre's dominant/essential instruments (bajo quinto/bajo sexto, accordion, drum set or redoba, bass or tololoche), that maintain the rhythmic structure of the norteño style. Additional or substitute instruments, for example, tuba instead of bass, or guitar(s) instead of bajo quinto or bajo sexto, in combination with one or more of the genre's dominant/essential instruments, qualify in this category.
For vocal or instrumental norteño albums that contain at least 51% of total recording time of new material.
30. BEST REGIONAL-MEXICAN SONG - SINGLES OR TRACKS ONLY
Best Regional-Mexican is for singles or tracks in genres that make up this field, such as ranchero, mariachi, banda, tejano and/or norteño.
A Regional-Mexican song must be a new poetic composition sung with the sound support of musical accompaniment, and it must be backed by rhythm and style from within the assorted Regional-Mexican genres, such as ranchero, mariachi, norteño, banda, corrido, etc.
The song must contain at least 51% Spanish lyrics and must be a new/unreleased song. Not eligible: instrumental recordings or cover songs.
Statuette presented to Songwriter(s).
INSTRUMENTAL FIELD
31. BEST INSTRUMENTAL ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
An instrumental album is one recorded exclusively with musical instruments. It may include not more than 49% of the total playing time of singing or voice performances.
For an album to belong to this category, it must, in the judgement of the Latin Recording Academy, A) have recognized Latin rhythms such as genres that participate in the annual Latin GRAMMY awards, or B) be performed by a performer of Latin heritage, or C) have been composed by someone of Ibero-American heritage and does not lend itself to confusion (for example, a song that has Greek elements but was composed/interpreted by a Latino may not be accepted, because the nature of the work does not correspond to any Latin genre).
For albums containing 51% or more of instrumental tracks. Includes all Latin instrumental recording genres.
TRADITIONAL FIELD
For albums recorded in Spanish, Portuguese or any dialect or language of any out of the countries of Ibero-American and approved by the Ad Hoc Committee.
32. BEST FOLK ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
A folk music album includes dialects, customs or performers who help reflect the traditions of communities, populations cultures or diverse social groups.
In many cases, instrumentations themselves or the use of specific instruments may determine whether the music is folk or not. Examples include gaitas, the Paraguayan harp, the berimbau, the teponaztli, the zampoña or charangos.
These compositions are based on the specific melody, instrumentation, harmony and rhythm belonging to the region of origin of the artists under consideration. Fusions with other musical styles such as pop, pop rock, tropical, etc., are eligible.
For vocal or instrumental folk albums that contain at least 51% of total playing time of new material. For performances by solo artists, duos or groups.
33. BEST TANGO ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
A Tango album is one that derives from the musicality that originated in the River Plate region and its area of influence. This genre highlights the fusion of Afro-River Plate roots with gaucho, Spanish, Italian, and other general European influences, a result of the great immigration that gave way to Argentina and Uruguay.
These performances must have a recognizable influence in melody, instrumentation, harmony and rhythm from the assorted River Plate genres commonly known as Tango.
Tango is not exclusive to a particular region: it is defined by its musicality. Musically, it typically has a binary form (theme and refrain) or ternary (two parts, to which a third is added). It can be performed by a wide variety of musical groups, classically with preponderance of orchestra and the sextet of two bandoneones, two violins, piano and double base. While not an absolutely essential requirement, the bandoneón occupies a central place.
Many of the songs' lyrics may be written in a local Rive Place slang (lunfardo) and express the emotions and sadness that men and women feel, especially in matters related to love.
For vocal or instrumental albums that contain at least 51% of total play time recorded with new material or material by traditional authors. Fusions with other musical genres will be eligible, provided that the Tango genre is substantially maintained in the judgement of the Ad Hoc committee.
For performances by solo artists, duos or groups.
Winner's Certificates are presented to producer(s) and engineer(s) of less than 51% of the total playing time (if not the artist), as well as mastering engineer(s) and Pro Tools engineer(s)
34. BEST FLAMENCO ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
A Flamenco album is one that results from the mixture of rhythms and cadences from Spanish, Gypsy, Arab, Jewish and assorted other Mediterranean ethnicities and which spread across the Iberian Peninsula, mainly in the area of greatest Mudéjar influence (al-Andalus).
It consists of two fundamental elements: the "cante" (the action or effect of singing, which can be divided into "cante flamenco" and "cante jondo") and "toque," (the technique of flamenco guitarists, who are called tocaores, which is different from that used by classical guitar performers). Tocaores use techniques such as alzapúa, picado, rasgueo and trémolo, among others. The use of the pickguard as a percussion element adds great strength to the performance.
Accompaniment and the solo toque of flamenco guitarists are based on both modal and tonal harmony systems, although a combination of the two is most frequent. Some flamenco songs are performed "a palo seco" (a capella), without guitar accompaniment. Normally guitars are accompanied by cajón and clapping.
For vocal or instrumental albums containing at least 51% of the total recording time with new material based on typical flamenco rhythms and harmonies. Fusions with other musical genres are eligible, provided that the flamenco genre is substantially maintained. For performances by solo artists, duos or groups.
JAZZ FIELD
Music performed in Spanish, Portuguese and languages of Ibero-America.
35. BEST LATIN JAZZ/JAZZ ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
For instrumental or vocal albums containing at least 51% of total play time of new material. For performances by solo artists, duos or groups, including recordings in Spanish, Portuguese or languages of Ibero-America.
Recordings accepted in this category shall be those considered Latin Jazz (including variations of Afro-Cuban jazz, filin, bossa nova, samba, etc.), jazz (fusion or smooth), jazz (straight-ahead or bebop) and contemporary jazz, as well as other jazz movements or jazz-style performances that contain Latin rhythmic elements or a significant Latin connection.
To be admitted, all productions entered shall undergo review and voting by a specific committee.
CHRISTIAN FIELD
36. BEST CHRISTIAN ALBUM (SPANISH LANGUAGE) - ALBUMS ONLY
For vocal or instrumental albums that contain at least 51% of total playing time of new material inspired by the Christian faith, dedicated to God, Jesus Christ and/or based on experiences, stories and/or teachings of the Bible.
A Christian album is one that includes not only concepts of praise, but also messages inspired by the Bible, including messages of a Cristian and Catholic nature, or spiritual music that spreads evangelical messages of love, tolerance and acceptance.
37. BEST CHRISTIAN ALBUM (PORTUGUESE LANGUAGE) - ALBUMS ONLY
For vocal or instrumental Christian albums in Portuguese that contain at least 51% of total playing time of new material. For performances by solo artists, duos or groups.
PORTUGUESE-LANGUAGE FIELD
38. BEST PORTUGUESE-LANGUAGE CONTEMPORARY POP ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
A Contemporary Pop album can derive from rock, pop-rock or other movements, including romantic genres; has commercial goals; and has become widely known or pursued that aim using conventional individual or mass marketing strategies, including the use of social networks and digital diffusion.
For vocal or instrumental Portuguese-language contemporary pop albums containing at least 51% of total playing time of new material.
39. BEST PORTUGUESE-LANGUAGE ROCK OR ALTERNATIVE ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
A Rock album is one that stands out more for its irreverent/rebellious attitude than for following rules or standards, and includes styles and sub-styles such as: blues, rock and roll, metal, punk, hard rock and grunge, among others.
For vocal albums in Portuguese or instrumental Rock or Alternative albums containing at least 51% playing time of newly recorded music.
40. BEST SAMBA/PAGODE ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
A Samba album is one whose typical music with African roots comes principally from certain parts of Brazil and is used as a means of expression in generally oppressed areas. It's most typical instruments are the cavaquinho and the tamborim.
Pagode is a variant of Samba. It is an encounter between Samba players to a more rhythmic beat, typical of Carnaval, when one song follows another in random order.
For vocal or instrumental Samba/Pagode albums that contain at least 51% of total playing time with new material. For performances by solo artists, duos or groups.
41. BEST MPB (MÚSICA POPULAR BRASILEIRA) ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
Música Popular Brasileira (MPB) is a Brazilian musical genre that emerged beginning in the 1960s following (but including) bossa nova. It incorporated elements from rock, pop and samba-pop, which also was the origin of samba-rock.
For vocal or instrumental Música Popular Brasileira albums containing at least 51% of total play time of new material.
42. BEST SERTANEJA MUSIC ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
Sertaneja, commonly known as Brazilian Country, is a type of music that originated in southeastern Brazil and quickly became the most popular genre at the national level. It includes the birth of a new sub-genre called Sertanejo Universitario, which is done in a more acoustic and contemporary manner,
For vocal or instrumental Sertaneja music albums that contain at least 51% of total playing time of new material.
43. BEST PORTUGUESE-LANGUAGE ROOTS MUSIC ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
To be considered a Portuguese-language roots music song, all the production elements that comprise it; that is, songs, putting them to music, performance, etc., must incorporate most of music with typical Brazilian roots sounds, bringing together elements of formal and unwritten traditions and resuming the fusion of European, indigenous and/or African influences, all of which form part of Brazilian and Portuguese culture.
For vocal or instrumental Portuguese-language roots music albums that contain at least 51% of total playing time of new material.
44. BEST PORTUGUESE-LANGUAGE SONG - SINGLES OR TRACKS ONLY
Best Portuguese-language song is for singles or tracks in genres that make up this area, such as Contemporary Pop, Rock, Alternative, Samba, Pagode, Música Popular Brasileira, Sertaneja and Brazilian Roots.
A Portuguese-language song is a new song whose lyrics are based principally in Portuguese.
A song must contain at least 51% Portuguese-language lyrics and be a new song in the Pop, Rock, Alternative, Samba/Pagode, MPB, Sertanejo or Brazilian roots genres.
Not eligible: instrumental recordings or cover songs.
Statuette awarded to Songwriter(s).
CHILDREN'S FIELD
45. BEST LATIN CHILDREN'S ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
Children's music entered in this category must be used as an educational resource that aids intellectual, musical, motor and language development in children without having the performer's personality as an essential feature. The music becomes a fundamental part of education through the rhythm and harmonization of the songs' lyrics.
For a Spanish- or Portuguese-language album that has been created especially for children. The album must be aimed at an audience of children eight (8) and under. Even if the music is performed by children, the songs, arrangements, compositions and additional elements related to general production must also be aimed at a young audience.
Songs that retell historical religious episodes with artistic, literary and musical contributions will be accepted in this category. However, pieces that aim to teach or indoctrinate about those same issues may be reclassified, and in religious cases, will have to move to the Christian category, which equally includes songs from different religions.
Christmas records will be included in the Children's category provided that their arrangements, compositions and additional production elements are aimed at children, because being sung by children does not guarantee that the product is a children's album.
Audiobooks will be evaluated by the material/discographic content and not by their accompanying book.
Content is key. Entries submitted by children/adolescent singers WILL NOT qualify if the content is not appropriate for children 8 and under.
Portuguese-language recordings are included. Award to artist(s) with more than 51% participation in the playing time of the album. (If no artist is credited with 51%, the award will go to the Producer.)
CLASSICAL MUSIC FIELD
46. BEST CLASSICAL ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
Classical music is the type of music that brings together traditions of musical composition and styles originating in Europe beginning in the second half of the 17th Century, using acoustic standards. One of its characteristics is that its main interpretation is quite close to the composers' original scores.
It encompasses movements of works that include from opera to compositions for symphony orchestras, instrumental or vocal soloists, chamber ensembles, choral music, electroacoustic music, etc. For the Latin Recording Academy, Classical Music albums are those in which participants are predominantly Latino composers, directors or performers in any of its forms: composition, performance, direction.
For an album to belong in the category, the soloist, director, composer, orchestra or the instrumental/vocal group must be Ibero-American.
The statuette is presented to solo artists, duos or groups, director, conductor, established orchestra/ensemble, producer(s), recording engineer(s) and mixing engineer(s) of 51% or more of the total playing time of the album.
47. BEST CLASSICAL CONTEMPORARY COMPOSITION - SINGLES OR TRACKS ONLY
This category recognizes and promotes works composed by an Ibero-American composer that have classical elements, whether traditional or contemporary.
For new vocal and instrumental recordings of original works or compositions that have been composed within the last twenty-five (25) years (a work/composition IS NOT eligible if it was composed before 1995), and that were released for the first time during the Eligibility Period.
A composer may not be submitted more than twice in one year in the Best Classical or Contemporary Composition category if the artist is the same.
For an album to be registered, it must comply with the submittal of recording credits in a clear, complete way. The recording date of the album in question must also be listed, and a copy of the composition's score must be submitted. Because of the nature of the genre, works recorded in German, Italian, Latin or French may, at the discretion of the Committee, be admitted when the composer is of Ibero-American origin.
If the album is a complete work/composition, it is eligible.
The statuette is presented to the Composer(s).
ARRANGEMENT FIELD
48. BEST ARRANGEMENT - SINGLES OR TRACKS ONLY
An arrangement is the design of the structure, rhythm, dynamics, counter-melodies, harmonies and orchestration of different orchestra and/or virtual instruments and voices that accompany a pre-existing musical composition, other than those for which it was composed. Vocal arrangements must be recorded at least 51% in the following languages: Spanish, Portuguese or in languages or dialects in Ibero-America or any combination of these languages. An arrangement may be a broadened development, an improved adaptation or a substantial re-working of a composition, and it may include the use of dynamics, modulations, re-harmonization, counter-melodies, tempo variations, instrumentation, style and/or genre, as well as improvisation. An arrangement allows an existing musical composition to be presented in a different way without the loss of the artistic and musical essence of the original work.
Eligible:
Singles or Tracks only.
An arrangement including instruments and vocals, instrumentals, and a capella, in any type of genre, being pop, jazz or classical.
An arrangement must be new, released for first in any recording during the current eligibility year.
If an album is one complete work (composition) it is eligible.
Encompasses original arrangements written for recordings during the last three (3) years.
NOTE: An arranger should not be listed more than twice in the Best Arrangement category, whether for instrumental or vocal arrangement (a Capella) included, if the artist is the same.
Singles or Tracks from a previous year's album.
Programmed, sampled or electronic genres do not qualify.
Award to the Arranger(s).
No special certificates awarded.
PACKAGE DESIGN FIELD
49. BEST RECORDING PACKAGE - ALBUMS ONLY
For graphic design, quality and concept recording packages, in any configuration, released for the first time during the Eligibility Year; even if contents were previously released and providing the packaging is new. Only original artwork is eligible. Also eligible are digital recording packages providing proper credits and supporting material are received.
Not eligible: If the cover, content, etc. of the package has not changed, but only the CD itself has a new design, then the package IS NOT eligible. The category is for the entire package, not for a portion of the packaging.
The statuette is presented to the Art Director(s).
Winner's Certificates are presented to designer(s), illustrator(s) and photographers(s) when applicable.
PRODUCTION FIELD
50. BEST ENGINEERED ALBUM - ALBUMS ONLY
For newly recorded albums released for the first time during the current Eligibility Year.
Award to eligible credited recording engineer(s), mixing engineer(s) and mastering engineer(s). Winner's Certificates are not awarded in this category.
Not eligible: Albums with previously released material do not quality. Engineers credited as "assistant," "additional," "second engineer," etc. are not eligible. Product submitted in Vinyl format.
Recording engineer is defined as the person with technical knowledge responsible for the operation of recording systems with the aim of achieving the artistic objectives required by the production in the best possible way.
Mixing engineer is defined as the person with technical knowledge responsible for the operation of mixing systems, with the aim of achieving a master (final mix) starting from a multichannel recording and being attentive to the artistic objectives required by the production.
Mastering engineer is defined as the person with technical knowledge responsible for the operation of mastering systems, with the aim of generating the phonograms that make a production master, starting from the final mixes, optimized for the different reproduction formats.
51. PRODUCER OF THE YEAR - ALBUMS, SINGLES or TRACKS
For a producer whose recordings were released for the first time during the current eligibility period and that consistently represent an extraordinary example of creativity in the area of recording production.
One album credit: must have eligible producer credit for at least 51% playing time of an album.
Credit on six (6) tracks or singles. Must have eligible credit as a producer on at least six individual tracks or singles. These tracks or singles may not be from albums released outside the current eligibility period, even if the track from the album was later released as a single during the eligibility period.
The maximum number of tracks or albums that may be listed as a body of work for each Producer or Group of Producers on the list that accompanies the ballots is nine (9).
NOTE: Submit producers as a group only if they have worked exclusively together during the current eligibility period.
Solo credits from an artist self-producing his/her discs. If an artist has produced his/her own recordings, or the recordings of the group to which he/she belongs, he/she must also submit one or more entries of at least one track or single that he/she has produced for another artist and that was released during the current eligibility period in order to qualify.
Recordings released outside the current eligibility period
Re-edited recordings
Re-mixed recordings
Executive producers, associate producers and producers credited as "additional."
The statuette is presented to producer(s).
Winner's Certificates are not awarded in this category.
MUSIC VIDEO FIELD
52. BEST SHORT-FORM MUSIC VIDEO
For music videos containing only one song.
Award to artist(s), video director(s) and producer(s) of the video.
Winner's Certificate awarded to Audio Producer(s), Audio Mixer(s) and Video Editor(s).
ELEGIBLE:
Music videos released for sale to the public for the first time during the eligibility period
Music video programs that were broadcast for the first time on television, cable or the Internet during the Award's eligibility period that are synchronized or predominantly synchronized with the commercial release of the recording
Individual track of a compilation or albums with video clips from several artists that have been released for the first dime during the eligibility period.
Non-musical programs.
Any short-form video or promotional clips that were eligible in previous years.
53. BEST LONG-FORM MUSIC VIDEO
For music videos containing more than one song or track.
Award to artist(s), video director(s) and video producer(s) with 51% or more total collaboration with the video.
Winner's Certificates are presented to audio producer(s), audio mixer(s) and video editor(s).
Music videos by several artists, such as tributes or live recordings. (The award will go only to the artistic director and/or producer.)
Documentaries about musicians, provided that music has a substantial part in the video.
Compilations of individual videos of a song or clips of music videos composed by several artists.
Films that are or have been released to the general public.
Any long-version video or promotional clips that were eligible in previous years.
Music videos under twenty (20) minutes in length.


Citroen plans to launch the C-Zero electric car in Europe before the end of the year.
The first mass-market electric cars will start debuting in Europe later this year. For example, PSA/Peugeot-Citroen launches the Citroen C-Zero and Peugeot iOn four-door electric car. This factbox contains details about some of the electric cars coming to Europe later this year.


Cleaning your tile and stone requires routine maintenance. Some stone and specialty products, in fact, may need special attention. In general, you'll want to clean up any spills immediately using only mild detergent and warm water. Never use acidic or abrasive cleaners.
Ceramic tiles can be cleaned with common household cleaner or we recommend EzyClean by Aqua Seal. EzyClean is a everyday neutral ph Cleaner developed specifically for Natural Stone, Grout, Porcelain Tile, Ceramic Tile, Terazzo, Quarry Tile, Sealed Terracotta, Concrete, Masonry surfaces and other water safe surfaces.
Routine maintenance for stone includes sweeping or vacuuming to remove dirt, similar to wood floors or carpet. The Tile Palette recommends using EzyClean to remove residue. Reseal your stone as necessary—when water no longer beads on its surface. Resealing frequency will depend on traffic and use. Stone, like any other natural product, will age and patina, adding to its beauty and character.


toddler fleece blanket kids pattern canada.
toddler fleece blanket image 0 wearable.
toddler fleece blanket green yellow pinks turtles hover to zoom wearable.
toddler fleece blanket no sew canada.
toddler fleece blanket cars throw lightning coral taking the race for children size.
toddler fleece blanket place pajama canada.
toddler fleece blanket kids animal blankets pattern wearable.
toddler fleece blanket children official kids cartoon characters soft size tie.
toddler fleece blanket skulls and swirls ultra cuddle baby quilted travel boy.
toddler fleece blanket cute plush backpack with coral animal backpacks pillow tie.
toddler fleece blanket soft blankets velvet baby children fit sofa bed plane travel plaids canada.
toddler fleece blanket hover to zoom pattern.
toddler fleece blanket fuzzy or fluffy for baby girl boy soft warm cozy coral infant newborn receiving crib stroller travel wearable bla.
toddler fleece blanket fire truck carters printed coral by diy.
toddler fleece blanket full size polar 6 per case no sew how much do i need to make a blanke.
toddler fleece blanket kids brand baby cartoon coral children thick cover for bed sofa boys girls quilt autumn winter in swaddling from pattern canada.
toddler fleece blanket carters jungle size tie.
toddler fleece blanket baby kids double side wear hooded cape cloak poncho hoodie diy.
toddler fleece blanket princess girls coral super soft for children birthday gift twin size boy.
toddler fleece blanket paw patrol with gray satin edge sizes baby oversize and throw.
toddler fleece blanket kids new barbie princess printed girls blankets twin tie.
toddler fleece blanket throw by on canada.
toddler fleece blanket blankets paw patrol image nick jr all paws on deck silky plush wearable.
toddler fleece blanket there is no batting in this light weight 2 layer which makes it ideal for use year round boy.
toddler fleece blanket emergency trucks baby with crochet edging crib cover size.
toddler fleece blanket premium collection textured for baby and tie.
toddler fleece blanket baby badgers with chenille crochet handmade cuff bracelets novelty more women tie.
toddler fleece blanket i like to use a pattern plain color am making an diy.
toddler fleece blanket sheets bed flannel soft throws twin full queen king size tie.
toddler fleece blanket new carters baby toddlers blue with snowmen sleeper wearable.
toddler fleece blanket mouse crib bedding set baby nursery image of cool mickey pieces diy.
toddler fleece blanket bees baby with crochet edging crib cover car seat size tie.


text:
Q: RSpec Shared Examples - Passing Data to Shared Specs I've tried multiple ways of getting the data I need within my shared specs, however I always get undefined values.
I am doing something similar to the following:
require 'spec_helper'

describe UserAnalyticsService do

  before(:each) { @user = FactoryGirl(:user) }

  let(:user_query) { UserAnalyticsQuery.build(@user) }
  let(:totals) { UserAnalyticsService.new(user_query) }

  it_should_behave_like "an array of hashes" # What I want
end

I've tried the following:
Nested let()
shared_examples "an array of hashes" do
  it { expect(array).to be_an_instance_of(Array) }
  it "each element should be an instance of Hash" do
    array.each { |element| expect(element).to be_an_instance_of(Hash) }
  end
end

And doing:
using a let()
it_should_behave_like "an array of hashes" do
  let(:array) { totals.inactive_users }
end

using instance variable
before(:each) { @array = totals.inactive_users }

Then
it_should_behave_like "an array of hashes" do
  let(:array) { @array }
end

Block Params
shared_examples "an array of hashes" do |array|
  it { expect(array).to be_an_instance_of(Array) }
  it "each element should be an instance of Hash" do
    array.each { |element| expect(element).to be_an_instance_of(Hash) }
  end
end

Then
it_should_behave_like "an array of hashes", @array

All of the following results in nil pointer exceptions and undefined variables.
Any advice, suggestions or recommendations are welcomed, thanks in advance.
EDIT
Okay, so I've been looking deeper into let() and am realizing that data passed to a shared example has to existing before the transactional block.
I'm pretty sure this was my issue as I was using before(:each) and let() to pass data, however those are both undefined until we reach the example group.
Input is still very much welcomed, especially on alternatives or perspectives to help get these common specs into a shared example.

A: I must admit I was confused by use of rspec shared_examples and gave up on them the last time I tried to work with them, but your question inspired me to have another look.
Surprisingly it actually turned out to be very straightforward and didn't take too long at all to knock up some tests that passed - I'm either missing something fundamental in your question or the following should give you some hint at what you need to do.
The tests themselves should be self-explanatory:
require 'rails_helper'

RSpec.describe Array, type: :class do
  shared_examples 'an array of hashes' do
    it { expect(array).to be_an_instance_of(Array) }

    it 'each element should be an instance of Hash' do
      array.each { |element| expect(element).to be_an_instance_of(Hash) }
    end
  end

  describe 'with an array of hashes' do
    context 'with predefined array' do
      let(:hash) { Hash.new(name: 'hash', value: 'value') }
      let(:array) { [hash, hash, hash] }

      context 'without using shared examples' do
        it { expect(array).to be_an_instance_of(Array) }

        it 'each element should be an instance of Hash' do
          array.each { |element| expect(element).to be_an_instance_of(Hash) }
        end
      end

      context 'using shared examples' do
        it_should_behave_like 'an array of hashes'
      end
    end

    context 'when passing array to shared example' do
      let(:hash) { Hash.new(name: 'hash', value: 'value') }
      let(:myarray) { [hash, hash, hash] }

      it_should_behave_like 'an array of hashes' do
        let(:array) { myarray }
      end

      context 'with use of before(:each) block' do
        before(:each) do
          @myarray = myarray
        end

        it_should_behave_like 'an array of hashes' do
          let(:array) { @myarray }
        end
      end
    end
  end
end

There should be no reason why the following shouldn't work either:
it_should_behave_like 'an array of hashes' do
  let(:array) { totals.inactive_users }
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor is inactivated in patients with von Hippel-Lindau disease, an inherited cancer syndrome, and in most sporadic clear cell renal carcinomas (ccRCC). VHL-inactivated tumors over-express hypoxia-responsive gene products, including the pro-angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Re-expression of wild type VHL in ccRCC cell lines results in down-regulation of expression of these gene products. A long-term goal of our work is to understand the mechanisms through which VHL controls expression of hypoxia-responsive angiogenic growth factors and how VHL inactivation leads to tumorigenesis.
The VHL protein is in an E3 ubiquitin ligase in a Cullin-RING ligase (CRL) complex. VHL controls protein levels of the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF) alpha subunits. Under normal oxygen conditions, VHL binds to prolyl-hydroxylated HIF alpha subunits and targets them for ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation. Under hypoxic conditions, pVHL levels are reduced and HIF alpha subunits are stabilized, resulting in induction of a robust HIF-mediated transcription response. The absence of functional VHL in ccRCC results in constitutively elevated HIF alpha levels even in the presence of normal environmental oxygen levels.
Our ongoing studies focus on VHL activity and the effects of VHL inactivation in two areas. We are working to understand (1) mechanisms of regulation of hypoxia-responsive gene products, such as VEGF, at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, and (2) the role for VHL in cell cycle regulation, and in particular mitotic checkpoint controls.
1. Liu, W., Xin, H., Eckert, D.T., Brown, J.A., and Gnarra, J.R. Hypoxia and cell cycle regulation of the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor. Oncogene, 30, 21–31, 2011.
2. Nielsen,S.M., Rubinstein, W.S., Thull, D.L., Armstrong, M.J., Feingold, E., Stang, M.T., Gnarra, J.R., and Carty, S.E. Genotype-phenotype correlations of pheochromocytoma in two large von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) type 2A kindreds with different missense mutations. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 155, 168-173, 2011.


text:
Providing the highest quality home pet sitting service in the Prospect area.
Major Music Label Targets Cats
October 27, 2016 /in Cats, Pet News /by Joseph Bianca
One of the three largest record labels in the world, Universal Music, is releasing an album for cats. The album is not of cats. Nor does the album feature cats. The album is for cats. Is this a sign of the apocalypse for the music industry or simply clever marketing?
https://prospectpetsitting.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/catpiano.jpg 446 704 Joseph Bianca https://prospectpetsitting.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/pps_logo_final_v1.2-300x148.png Joseph Bianca2016-10-27 20:40:072016-11-01 18:51:51Major Music Label Targets Cats
Meet Tom The Cat
What type of animal typically comes to mind when you think about service pets? For many of us, dogs come to mind when we think of animals that aid people with therapy or other services. Well, Tom is a cat with very special gifts he shares in providing care and compassion to our ailing veterans.
https://prospectpetsitting.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Tom.jpg 402 538 Joseph Bianca https://prospectpetsitting.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/pps_logo_final_v1.2-300x148.png Joseph Bianca2016-10-25 13:54:572016-11-01 18:51:10Meet Tom The Cat
Why Are Millennials Opting For Pets Over Parenthood?
October 19, 2016 /in Pet News /by Joseph Bianca
Forbes Magazine online recently published a story featured by Pet Sitters International News titled "Why Are So Many Millennials Opting For Pets, Not Parenthood?"
https://prospectpetsitting.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Baby-Dog.jpg 398 718 Joseph Bianca https://prospectpetsitting.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/pps_logo_final_v1.2-300x148.png Joseph Bianca2016-10-19 14:22:212016-10-19 14:22:21Why Are Millennials Opting For Pets Over Parenthood?
Cats Are Happier When They Work for Food
The fact that many domesticated cats are kept strictly indoors, does not change the reality they are natural predators and foragers which can lead to a host of health issues both physically and psychologically. Indoor housing has been linked to a variety of health problems including urinary tract issues, obesity and diabetes as well as behavioral issues including house soiling, seeking attention and aggression.
https://prospectpetsitting.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Cat-Work.jpg 402 719 Joseph Bianca https://prospectpetsitting.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/pps_logo_final_v1.2-300x148.png Joseph Bianca2016-10-18 20:26:212016-10-18 20:26:21Cats Are Happier When They Work for Food
America's Top Dog
October 13, 2016 /in Dogs, Pet News /by Joseph Bianca
The American Kennel Club (AKC) categorizes and tallies the totals of more than 150 registered purebred breeds ranging in size from the 34-inch tall Great Dane to the 6-pound Affenpinscher. Americans purchase nearly 1 million purebred dogs each year. Americans' taste in dogs has changed dramatically over time.
https://prospectpetsitting.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Lab.jpg 389 705 Joseph Bianca https://prospectpetsitting.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/pps_logo_final_v1.2-300x148.png Joseph Bianca2016-10-13 18:22:562016-10-13 18:22:56America's Top Dog
ECG's for Cats and Dogs
AliveCor is a company that produces an electrocardiograph (ECG) smartphone app and device for dogs and cats called the AliveCor Veterinary Heart Monitor.
https://prospectpetsitting.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/ECG.jpg 540 720 Joseph Bianca https://prospectpetsitting.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/pps_logo_final_v1.2-300x148.png Joseph Bianca2016-10-11 23:21:492016-10-11 23:21:49ECG's for Cats and Dogs
Make Your Cat Fall In Love With Your House
October 7, 2016 /in Cats, Pet News /by Joseph Bianca
Happy cats are cats that are not bored and have access to scratching posts, catwalks and an enclosed outdoor area. Cats with such amenities tend to be less aggressive and less destructive. Spaces that provide this type of environment for cats are known as catios.
https://prospectpetsitting.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Cat-Crazy.jpg 351 467 Joseph Bianca https://prospectpetsitting.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/pps_logo_final_v1.2-300x148.png Joseph Bianca2016-10-07 13:41:362016-10-07 13:41:36Make Your Cat Fall In Love With Your House
World's First Identical Twin Dogs
October 4, 2016 /in Dogs, Pet News /by Joseph Bianca
Scientists recently discovered the first known case of identical dog twins named Cullen and Romulus.
https://prospectpetsitting.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Dog-Twins-3.jpg 424 633 Joseph Bianca https://prospectpetsitting.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/pps_logo_final_v1.2-300x148.png Joseph Bianca2016-10-04 23:48:352016-10-04 23:48:35World's First Identical Twin Dogs
© Prospec t Pet Sitting, LLC 2020 | All Rights Reserved.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


43yo Aussie Guy. I am a huge fan of pop culture. I love movies. Gaming. Music. 6"5' (195 cms). Brown Hair. Blue Eyes.
I'm looking for A best friend. A partner in crime. Someone that I can share some interests with but not all, everyone needs there alone time. Someone I can laugh with. Someone that will hold me when I'm sad and I can hold when they are. Someone I can have fun with, have a conversation with - the silly ones are just as important as the serious ones. Someone I can trust with my heart, and who will trust me with their's. Someone who smiles when they think of me, hear my voice or see me. Probably way to much to ask and expect. But there it is.
Conservative and Practical Dress - Pop Culture T-Shirts. Aberage appearance. Tall. Solid.
Love experiencing and learning anout other culrures and languages as well as sharing mine.
Either beachside or in a rainforest with a room with a view.mspend time isolated from th rest of the world so my partne felt like the complete focus of my attention.
A hirl that is into pop culture. Maybe a little bit of a geek.


User Experience is one of those things that is often overlooked or over-engineered. Believe it or not, your users want as simple an experience as possible, and this means finding familiarity between unrelated systems. Look for patterns that work elsewhere and copy them. Don't reinvent the wheel.
Standard patterns are a valuable concept within the world of User Experience. A standard pattern is a simple layout or interaction that a user has come to expect of and looks for in any system. A good example of the standard pattern in web design is the navigation bar at the top of the window.
Standard patterns give users the ability to quickly identify where they are, what they're looking at, and what they're meant to do next.
These three questions are all you need to ask in order to provide users with a list of hotels available in that location on those dates. Simple. What is interesting about this example is that there are so many other questions you could ask the users to return more accurate results, but these are always in the "advanced search" section. Why is this?
There are two principles at play here. First of all, the less opportunity you give a user to get frustrated, the more likely they will be to stick around. By removing any non-mandatory questions you're getting them to your listings sooner and reducing the likelihood of your user encountering any frustration. The sooner they're browsing your listings, the sooner they will have the opportunity to book a hotel.
Second is the idea that users are lazy and they have become accustomed to only being asked those three questions. If you ask 5 questions and your competitors only ask 3 questions, it is only logical that the user will opt for the easier experience. The user might not even take the chance to see whether your hotel listings are better than your competition because the barrier is simply too high. If your booking site relies on asking two more questions than every other booking site, make explicit mention of this and help the user understand why they should take the leap of faith.
So, don't reinvent the wheel for the sake of it. Spend the time to discover how other companies are already solving the problem. If you have an opportunity to make a dull experience more engaging, go for it. Just don't do it for the sake of it.
We send occasional emails with interesting insights, things to click on, and ideas your business should be thinking about.


Lee Hyori is a singer and actress from South Korea. Is she one of the celebrities who've had plastic surgery to enhance the looks?
She is said to have had double eyelid surgery which is a popular procedure in South Korea and a nose job and breast implants as well. If these are true though great job in picking a surgeon who managed to leave her with natural looks despite the operations.
Do you think Lee Hyori had plastic surgery? Which ones do you think she had? Share with us your answers by posting them below.


text:
Law would have blocked public information about child abuse
June 7, 2015 by Alexander Douglas 419 Comments
By Alexander Douglas |Staff Writer|
The California Department of Child Services attempted to pass the "trailer bill," a bill that would prevent the public from looking at the case files of children who were killed by their parents' boyfriends or girlfriends, according to the Los Angeles Times.
This bill would also negate the effects of a law passed in 2008 that allowed reporters to access social workers' case notes among other files that allowed them to show social services' inadequacies and negligence, according to the Los Angeles Times.
The bill was turned down unanimously by committee members who also gave the bill a negative review.
Reporter of the Bakersfield Californian, Lois Henry, said, "the State Department of Social Services planned to sneak a measure into a budget trailer bill that would have increased secrecy regarding the deaths of children who die of abuse or neglect."
Congress had passed the 1974 Child Abuse and Treatment Act that defined child abuse but neglected important measures such as serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse or exploitation, or an act or failure to act which present a risk of serious harm, according to the Los Angeles Times.
"It's sad to see how people don't open their eyes to something small that could eventually turn into something big. They [child services] made it towards their benefit," said student David Lopez.


text:
Stargate Universe - "Malice"
Dr. Rush (Robert Carlyle) attends to a restrained Dr. Park (Jennifer Spence).
Photo Credit: Syfy
Review by Paul Steven Brown
'Stargate Universe'
Season 2 - Episode 8
"Malice"
Anger is a powerful emotion. If produced due to tragic events, it can cause someone to almost become a different person. With the death of Ginn and Amanda at the hands of Lucian Alliance creep, Simeon, We get to see some very unpleasant sides to Eli and Dr. Rush.
Granted Eli and Ginn's relationship was only at the beginning, but that doesn't make the emotions that Eli felt for her any less powerful. David Blue does an excellent job of portraying Eli's anger and utter confusion as to how to channel it. He wants to go down to the planet to chase after Simeon, but even as he's arguing with Col. Young, it's evident that even he realizes that it's not a practical idea. While he works on the bridge with the science team, Eli snaps and chastises every little move or mistake the others make. He's dismissive of Chloe, whom he pined for before meeting Ginn, when she offers to put her new found alien brains to work with finding a way to control Destiny better.
Rush wants revenge. He doesn't care that Simeon may or may not have information about the supposed planned attack by the Lucian Alliance on Earth. Rush has blood on his hands due to deaths that have resulted from some the decisions he has made (most recently Riley), but he's no killer. Still, I have to admire the way he took out Simeon with the stampede of alien creatures. It was nicely set up, too. If I understand my Chekhov, if you introduce an alien cow in the first act, it has to come into play by the end of the play.
At the beginning of the episode we were treated to Young's attempts at getting along with Rush. Last week, the pair realized that they need each other if they are to keep everyone alive and complete Destiny's mission. Here, Young seems down right nice to Rush and apologizes for calling to a meeting with the science team when they really didn't need him. I don't expect or want hand-holding or singing, but this is a nice change of pace.
I sound like a broken record, but I'm loving the attention that Brody, Park, and Volker have been getting this season. Volker and especially Park had some very scary moments with Simeon. I was half expecting Simeon to shoot Volker before he left with Park. Luck for Park, the writers felt it necessary to reintroduce Rush's wire-repaired glasses, or she would have gone up with the explosive that Simeon attached to her back.
Varro pops up again, but continues to fell like a completely underused, if not useless character. Maybe he'll come into play now that the two other noteworthy Lucian Alliance characters are dead. However, I'm not too thrilled about this off screen presumed attack on Earth subplot. I wasn't too thrilled about the introduction of the LA to this show, but three-parter that bridged the first and second seasons was exciting and well-executed. However, their addition to the Destiny crew and cast seems to bit too brief and at times ineffective. Varro hasn't done anything. Simeon the troublemaker made his play fairly quickly and is now dead. Ginn, who the most potential of the three as a recurring character, was unceremoniously murdered. I think that there was a lot more that the writers could have done with these characters. And it just continues the pattern of interest I have in this show. The bench is more engrossing than the starting players.
'Stargate Universe' has been on a roll for about three weeks after a few pretty dull episodes. With "Malice" it feels as if we've come to the conclusion of an arc. However, we have only two more episodes until the mid-season hiatus (I still don't understand this practice Syfy), and it looks like Rush's recent revelations about Destiny's true mission and TJ's experience during the season opener might become intertwined.
Labels: Stargate Universe, Stargate Universe Season Two, SyFy
The Walking Dead - "Wildfire"
Stargate Universe - "Visitation"
The Walking Dead - "Vatos"
Fringe - "The Abducted"
The Walking Dead - "Tell It to the Frogs"
Fringe - "6995 kHz"
Stargate Universe - "The Greater Good"
Cultural Wormhole Presents: The Merc Report Episode 2
The Walking Dead - "Guts"
Fringe - "Amber 31422"
Stargate Universe - "Trial and Error"
The Walking Dead – "Days Gone Bye"


As Palm Springs guide Robert Imber pulls his minivan into the driveway of the Kaufmann House, the mid-century modernist masterpiece designed by Richard Neutra and once owned by Barry Manilow, two Chicagoan sisters in the back — who each paid $85 for the three-hour tour — pummel him with questions. When was it built? Who owns it now? How many bathrooms? Imber, a self-taught expert on modernism, rattles off the answers: 1946; the husband of a couple who are now divorced; five.
For 15 years, Imber has been hauling people around twice a day, six days a week, showcasing the work of Albert Frey, Donald Wexler, John Lautner and other modernist masters who transformed Palm Springs from a desert sanctuary for Hollywood jetsetters into a modern oasis for design enthusiasts. The pool-laden destination located 60-odd miles from the Pacific Ocean in the desert boasts the U.S.'s densest concentration of bold, angular modernist architecture.
Palm Springs' status as a modern design hub is a turnaround from the 1980s, when it was known as a sleepy retirement community overseen by then-mayor Sonny Bono, who infamously banned G-strings and pushed the rowdy Spring Breakers out. But times are changing, again. The popularity of the Coachella Valley Music & Arts Festival, as well as the openings of the glamorous Parker Palm Springs resort and the more hipster Ace Hotel, have brought pleasure seekers and a few celebrities back to the desert. Leonardo DiCaprio has now taken over the mantle from Liberace as Palm Springs' most famous homeowner.
And with these new residents come new ideas. Several so-called "adaptive re-use" projects, for instance, have helped revitalize the city's modernist structures. The Palm Springs Visitors Center North was once a gas station co-designed by Frey, while the Architecture and Design Center was a former bank created by architect E. Stewart Williams.
The city's revival is also inspiring unparalleled new development in the walkable Downtown and Uptown Design Districts, including a $400 million complex across from the Palm Springs Art Museum, set to open this year. The area will feature a 50,000-square-foot public park and a six-story Kimpton Hotel with the city's first rooftop pool, as well as scads of retail space designed by Chris Pardo, the creative force behind such trendy local hot spots as the Bootlegger Tiki bar, Ernest Coffee and Arrive hotel.
"Palm Springs is truly the epicenter of modern design, but it still has to evolve if it wants to survive," says Pardo during a poolside break from work at the Arrive hotel. At the age of 37, he's become the face of a generation carving out a place for itself among the city's golf courses and tennis courts.
Here, we meet a few of the Palm Springs innovators with designs on moving modernism into the next century.
Matt Naylor practically has chlorine in his blood, having worked for his father's pool-cleaning business as a boy. Now, as the owner of design firm Architectural Blue, he uses high-end materials like custom-cut tile and fiber-optic lighting to fashion modern waterscapes.
the desert sun depending on the time of day.
While growing up in nearby Indio and Palm Desert, Lance O'Donnell didn't appreciate being surrounded by the work of such notable modern architects as Albert Frey and Donald Wexler, with whom O'Donnell collaborated, beginning in 2001, after Wexler closed his architecture practice. With an unwavering emphasis on eco-conscious modernism, he's now building a legacy of his own.
"I definitely wouldn't call myself a historicist," says O'Donnell, who currently lives in a platinum LEED-certified home he designed in the boulder-covered neighborhood of Little Tuscany.


Discussion in 'Installation/Configuration' started by mikey3521, Aug 18, 2006.
Hello, So after some fiddling around with DNS my server now recieves the mail being sent to it, but I have a feeling the Maildir isn't working correctly.
i see files in there, but when using outlook or webmail I see "No New E-mails", now i've gone and checked off the "Maildir" under the management settings alright so I know it's not that, any ideas?
which pop3 daemon do you have installed?
The howto lists two options.
ipopd and UW-IMAP will then be replaced.


Daisy Mae is a 25" Lop eared bunny. She is made of Muslin with a grungy osnaburg dress. Her apron is a piece of Coral check homespun with a hand-embroidered basket of spring flowers. Each flower is a vintage white button that has been hand stitched on. Her face is embroidered. Daisy Mae can either sit or be hung up. Very sweet primitive bunny to display this spring or all season long. Daisy Mae is also available as a pattern. See my Pattern page. $34.50. FREE SHIPPING IN 48 U.S. Others E-Mail me for shipping costs.


locust split rail fence split rail fencing.
locust split rail fence split fence 3 rail split rail fencing decorative with wire fence to keep dogs in yard split fence split rail.
locust split rail fence locust fence posts large size of wire rail fence with black wire mesh split rail fence.
locust split rail fence 3 rail locust hemlock split rail with black vinyl coated wire mesh.
locust split rail fence locust split rail.
locust split rail fence black locust fence posts fantastic split rail fence black locust split rail split rail fence post.
locust split rail fence types of wood fence designs luxury locust split rail.
locust split rail fence boards.
locust split rail fence locust split rail fence split rain fence ac use with permission only locust split rail fence.
locust split rail fence untreated 4 3 rail split rail fences pioneer fence company.
locust split rail fence rural log or split log fencing.
locust split rail fence he said the folks who split the rails have homemade hydraulic that make quick work of it these are also locust.
locust split rail fence organic beef farm all black locust fence.
locust split rail fence split rail fence home depot fence panels green fence panels home depot wood privacy fence ornamental split rail fence.
locust split rail fence used split rail fence for sale split rail fencing prices locust split rail fence sale.
locust split rail fence 4 rail hemlock locust split rail fence with weld wire attached.


The Diamante 555 is a 55-foot catamaran built entirely of aluminium. [Please be advised that this boat has gone back to Italy until further notice... please get in touch for other options.] It is a new-concept sailing catamaran with modern innovative features, long waterlines, functional design and excellent high speed capabilities. The generous living space is 35 sq. meters of uninterrupted space between the cockpit and the salon, ensures plenty room for all above deck. Below deck the cabin space is cleverly laid out, with the luxurious en-suite forward cabins enjoying stunning panoramic views. A third double en-suite and fourth en-suite double cabin, best used for crew with single beds are located at the stern. The Diamante 555 offers flexibility in chartering options. For week charters, we recommend for up to 6 guests with skipper and hostess. Available for day charter, subject to availability, before 18 June and after 18 September, for up to 11 guests with skipper.
NOTE: Guide Prices are per week and include skipper and hostess.


People are touring every each day, from one place to another. Going for holidays, meeting relatives abroad. Some businessmen are having their agencies deployed all around the country or even Europe.
Sales Force Automation is an application that will collect in one program all the things connected with your store. You will be able to start longer vacation and because of internet network, you will be aware which items are sold in each store, and what you need to order. To run SFA software you can use your computer or smart phone, it does not matter. Even if you aren't conversant in new technologies, you wouldn't get any problems to use it. The screen is intuitive, all things are categorized in another files. Thanks to custom application, you will be able to gather in one folder data from all of your agencies, to predict future costs and incomes!
You will find there recommendations of satisfied customers, and possibly even complains of others, dissatisfied buyers. Choose one with the best note. But first, check out it website. You will see there portfolio with all past works of it. Also you have to see there a list of services they provides, with approximate costs. You may buy from them licence for application they already made, it will be cheaper option. But if you like to get the best possible design, better ask for custom SFA software. It will require a lot of money, but it will payoff in the future. Program like this will be build specifically for your company, so it will be working very well for a long period of time.
If you own couple stores in different towns in Poland, SFA software will be very useful for you. You will be aware what is happening in each departments, which products you need to buy, and what to do to reduce some future costs.
This entry was posted in web_cat, Electronics and tagged in agency, app, computer.


EMA follow SOLAS-74 Convention line.
SBM for EPIRBs can be done only by service company,which is Authorized by EPIRB manufacturer.
If EPIRB is elderthan10 years, it is not allowed to change battery, EPIRB should bereplaced.
All EPIRBs should be coded with MMSIprotocol.
All EPIRBs should be registered in EstonianMRCC.
Service companies should be licensed by EMA.
Previous Circular, issued13.12.2002 is not valid any more.


In light of festival season being in full swing now and with the summer quickly approaching, I wanted to share with y'all festival trends I've been loving lately! Last year, I had the opportunity to experience one of the most amazing 3 days of my life in Las Vegas for Electric Daisy Carnival. As ridiculous as it sounds, it was honestly a life changing experience and something that will be sure to go down in the books. We actually loved it so much, that we reasoned dropping another grand to make our way out to Vegas for round 2 in June. Vegas in itself is a beast of its own. Now picture 500,000 people flying in from around the world for one ridiculous week in June full of DJ's 24/7, pool parties, crazy outfits, good vibes, warm weather, and enough dancing to put you out of commission for a whole week.
This festival is truly unlike any other. Now, one thing to note is that EDC festival style is VERY different than Coachella festival style for example. That being said, I'll share some trends that could honestly swing any way. See below for my top picks!
Festival on a Budget: $20 and under!!


text:
Select VIP Preview
Thursday, August 10, 2023 — 5:00pm to 6:00pm
Exclusive Entry for Select VIPs
Opening Evening
Exclusive Entry for Fair Pass Holders & Select VIPs
Public Hours
Friday, August 11, 2023 — 11:00am to 7:00pm
Saturday, August 12, 2023 — 11:00am to 7:00pm
Sunday, August 13, 2023 — 11:00am to 6:00pm


Statement regarding leaf vacuuming: Rock River Disposal has notified the City that the leaf vacuuming program has ended for the 2018 season, due to the earlier than normal snowfall. Sometime in the Spring of 2019, Rock River Disposal will conduct a two week long Spring clean-up, which will include the continuation of leaf vacuuming. When this date is determined, the City will make every effort to notify Rock River Disposal's customers. Please keep in mind, the City of Loves Park is not the provider of the garbage service or leaf vacuuming program. Please direct any customer questions, comments and concerns to Rock River Disposal at 815-965-2489.


TEAN is committed to the health and safety of every program participant. We continually monitor the safety and security of our study abroad program locations as well as popular student travel destinations. We advise students of the safety and health risks associated with studying and traveling abroad based on information and guidance from the U.S. State Department, OSAC (Overseas Security Advisory Council), our insurance provider, local law enforcement, the World Health Organization, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention and other experts in the education abroad community. We also draw from the expert support of our host universities, which provide comprehensive services to all TEAN participants.
All TEAN students are guided through program-specific health and safety training, which begins with tailored pre-departure communications and concludes with a comprehensive orientation onsite which is facilitated by TEAN staff as well as staff from the host university. Students are given local emergency contact information and are guided through TEAN communication plans. TEAN staff members conduct phone drills early in each program to ensure students are reachable and responsive during the course of the program in case of emergency. All TEAN students are registered with the U.S. State Department through the Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP). Through STEP, local embassies will notify students of safety concerns and provide resources and support in cases of natural disaster, civil unrest, or other emergencies. Friends and family members are also able to subscribe to receive updates and alerts for their student's host location.
TEAN has an Emergency Response Plan for all of our study abroad locations that is implemented by both our Resident Director staff in Asia Pacific and our U.S.-based staff in Chicago, Illinois. In conjunction with this plan, TEAN has implemented a critical incident reporting structure and communication plan to ensure all stakeholders have access to relevant information in a timely manner. Our staff will work with students, parents, and study abroad staff at both the student's home and host institutions to provide the most up-to-date information regarding situations that may arise while studying abroad.
Program participants are given contact information for onsite staff members who are available 24/7 in cases of emergency. Students in need of urgent assistance should first contact local TEAN staff. If the person reporting an emergency does not know the TEAN onsite staff contact information, they may reach the TEAN U.S. office at 800.585.9658 or 312.239.3710 during regular hours (Mon – Thurs: 8:30 am – 5:00 pm CST, Fridays: 8:30 am – 4:00 pm CST). After hours, students in need can reach the TEAN Emergency Phone in Chicago at 574.239.6545.
Upon receiving an emergency call, TEAN will activate our emergency response protocol which will include communications with relevant stakeholders, typically including the participant's emergency contact/s and home university staff. In the event that medical care is required, TEAN can assist the affected participant through insurance protocols.
The cultural and legal context surrounding Title IX issues in host countries may be different from what students are used to in the U.S. Many behaviors considered to be harassing or discriminatory in the U.S. may be more common, or even socially tolerated, in other countries. While many U.S. institutions have developed sophisticated structures of support and judicial process surrounding sexual and interpersonal misconduct, universities abroad are generally less involved at an administrative level. Although TEAN cannot control the local environment, TEAN staff will do as much as possible to support students as they navigate through this unfamiliar territory. TEAN strives to provide relevant resources onsite and works collaboratively with students' home universities to provide additional remote support.
In the case of sexual assault or sexual misconduct, TEAN strives to empower its student participants and support their rights as much as possible. In some instances, students' home institutions may require TEAN to report Title IX incidents to designated officials at their home institutions, including the names of those involved. In these cases, the home institution may launch a judicial process to adjudicate the alleged assault or misconduct. Upon learning of an incident of sexual assault or misconduct, TEAN may need to share some details with other program participants to protect their safety. TEAN will make every effort to do so while upholding the confidentiality of the reporting individual and others who may be involved.
TEAN strongly recommends that any program participant who experiences a sexual assault or incident of harassment communicate with a trusted friend or family member for emotional support and report the incident to TEAN onsite staff. If the student does not wish to discuss the incident directly with TEAN, we urge them to contact the local U.S. embassy or consulate for assistance. The embassy/consulate can provide a list of trustworthy medical facilities and other local resources. For more information about U.S. State Department resources, visit the website.
Additionally, a student's home university likely has an extensive web page devoted to Title IX violations and resources, and likely has a list of trained advisors who are equipped to provide resources and support.
Any student taking regular prescription medications should discuss travel plans with their regular doctor, and develop a plan for the duration of the student's time abroad. Certain countries may have customs restrictions prohibiting the postal delivery of medications sent from the U.S. It may also be difficult or impossible to fill U.S. prescriptions at the host location. When possible, students should bring enough medications to last for the duration of the program. Students should always bring a copy of their current prescription with them as well as contact information for their U.S.-based doctor.
Students should never travel with any amount of marijuana in their possession. Marijuana is illegal in many countries. Even students carrying a U.S. prescription for marijuana can be arrested, prosecuted and deported if in possession of any illegal substance. Airports and airplanes are federal jurisdictions. You can be detained and arrested when going through security. Federal authorities do not recognize the medical marijuana laws or cards of any state.
Emergency Contacts: Students designate a parent or guardian as their Emergency Contact in their Virtual Application to ensure that information regarding an emergency situation will automatically be passed on to their parents.
Communication Information: Students provide TEAN with the most up-to-date contact information including their telephone, mobile phone, address and email address. We also encourage students to notify their parents and Resident Director in case of an emergency.
Keep Others Informed: When students travel while abroad, it is critical that they inform others (roommates, parents, Resident Director) of their travel plans. Keeping others informed will make it easier to locate all students in case of an emergency.
Stay Informed: We provide as much information as we can and we strongly encourage all of our students to research the political, cultural, and social climate of their study and travel abroad destination before heading overseas. While abroad, students should pay attention to local news sources for developments that may affect their health and safety, as well as stay in touch with their Resident Directors. For any questions, please contact an TEAN staff member either in the U.S. or abroad.
All Education Abroad Network participants receive an overseas health insurance policy included in the cost of the program. Policies do vary by country. This chart provides a quick summary of coverage with more details below.
The basic medical and health insurance policy, or Overseas Student Health Coverage (OSHC), fulfills the mandatory insurance required by the government for international students in Australia. The country has excellent medical and health systems available to international students. The Australian government required OSHC can be administered by WorldCare, Medibank Private, BUPA and AHM, as all are government insurance providers.
The cost for OSHC is included in TEAN program fees.
OSHC provides free or discounted access to the University Health Service and to public hospitals.
Enrollment in OSHC is finalized during students' university orientation program at which time they will receive a membership card and detailed instructions on how to use their OSHC plan.
TEAN includes a supplemental insurance policy from CISI Insurance for medical evacuation and repatriation, as well as military, political, personal threat and natural disaster security evacuation, as those important coverages are absent from the standard Australian Government OSHC policies.
Dental care and optical care are NOT covered by OSHC; we recommend students schedule any necessary examinations before they depart as they are likely to be considerably more expensive in Australia.
There are some limitations to OSHC. If students have any existing health concerns, they should contact their current insurance provider before they leave for Australia. Higher level coverage, such as access to private hospitals and dental services, is also not included in OSHC. Medical insurance for higher level medical needs is the student's individual responsibility.
There are some limitations to Student Safe Insurance. If students have any existing health concerns, they should contact their current insurance provider before they leave for New Zealand. Medical insurance for higher levels of need is the student's individual responsibility.
TEAN provides health insurance as part of the program fee. We will enroll students in advance of their departure so that they have health coverage before they leave their hometown.
TEAN highly recommends the purchase of extra travel insurance through STA Travel for any unexpected mishaps that can occasionally occur while you are traveling. Travel insurance is optional and is not included in TEAN program fee. Students can purchase travel insurance for approximately $400 for six months of coverage through the reputable student travel agency, STA Travel. Smaller lengths of coverage are also available online at www.statravel.com.


Race Tech is in the development stage of creating Gold Valve Kits, RT Hi-Performance Springs Kits and G3-S Custom Shocks specifically for snowmobiles.
Race Tech has been working extensively with Todd Topper from Mission Cycles in Ontario, Canada. TT has been testing with top-level Snowmobile racers with great results! Special thanks to Todd T.
Products include Gold Valve Kits and Hi-Performance Springs. Shock Service is also available. We are making new G3-S Custom Series Shocks too.
Todd Topper from Mission Cycles can be contacted at 705.424.1515.
Check out Team Rider Mike Island in action.
This one gives a new meaning to "water crossing."
Race Tech specializes in Custom Suspension Setup! Whatever your requirements are, we can get you handled.


text:
Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr (Isayevich)
(b. Dec. 11, 1918, Kislovodsk, Russia [U.S.S.R.]), Russian novelist and historian, who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature for 1970 and was exiled from the Soviet Union in 1974.
Solzhenitsyn was born into a family of Cossack intellectuals and brought up primarily by his mother (his father was killed in an accident before his birth). He attended the University of Rostov-na-Donu, graduating in mathematics, and took correspondence courses in literature at Moscow State University. He fought in World War II, achieving the rank of captain of artillery; in 1945, however, he was arrested for writing a letter in which he criticized Joseph Stalin and spent eight years in prisons and labour camps, after which he spent three more years in enforced exile. Rehabilitated in 1956, he was allowed to settle in Ryazan, in central Russia, where he became a mathematics teacher and began to write.
Encouraged by the loosening of government restraints on cultural life that was a hallmark of the de-Stalinizing policies of the early 1960s, Solzhenitsyn submitted his short novel Odin den iz zhizni Ivana Denisovicha (1962; One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich) to the leading Soviet literary periodical Novy Mir ("New World"). The novel quickly appeared in that journal's pages and met with immediate popularity, Solzhenitsyn becoming an instant celebrity. Ivan Denisovich, based on Solzhenitsyn's own experiences, described a typical day in the life of an inmate of a forced-labour camp during the Stalin era. The impression made on the public by the book's simple, direct language and by the obvious authority with which it treated the daily struggles and material hardships of camp life was magnified by its being one of the first Soviet literary works of the post-Stalin era to directly describe such a life. The book produced a political sensation both abroad and in the Soviet Union, where it inspired a number of other writers to produce accounts of their imprisonment under Stalin's regime.
Solzhenitsyn's period of official favour proved to be short-lived, however. Ideological strictures on cultural activity in the Soviet Union tightened with Nikita Khrushchev's fall from power in 1964, and Solzhenitsyn met first with increasing criticism and then with overt harassment from the authorities when he emerged as an eloquent opponent of repressive government policies. After the publication of a collection of his short stories in 1963, he was denied further official publication of his work, and he resorted to circulating them in the form of samizdat ("self-published") literature--i.e., as illegal literature circulated clandestinely--as well as publishing them abroad.
The following years were marked by the foreign publication of several ambitious novels that secured Solzhenitsyn's international literary reputation. V kruge pervom (1968; The First Circle) was indirectly based on his years spent working in a prison research institute as a mathematician. The book traces the varying responses of scientists at work on research for the secret police as they must decide whether to cooperate with the authorities and thus remain within the research prison or to refuse their services and be thrust back into the brutal conditions of the labour camps. Rakovy korpus (1968; Cancer Ward) was based on Solzhenitsyn's hospitalization and successful treatment for terminally diagnosed cancer during his forced exile in Kazakhstan during the mid-1950s. The main character, like Solzhenitsyn himself, was a recently released inmate of the camps.
In 1970 Solzhenitsyn was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature, but he declined to go to Stockholm to receive the prize for fear he would not be readmitted to the Soviet Union by the government upon his return. His next novel to be published outside the Soviet Union was Avgust 1914 (1971; August 1914), a historical novel treating Germany's crushing victory over Russia in their initial military engagement of World War I, the Battle of Tannenburg. The novel centred on several characters in the doomed 1st Army of the Russian general A.V. Samsonov and indirectly explored the weaknesses of the tsarist regime that eventually led to its downfall by revolution in 1917.
In December 1973 the first parts of Arkhipelag Gulag (The Gulag Archipelago) were published in Paris after a copy of the manuscript had been seized in the Soviet Union by the KGB. (Gulag is an acronym formed from the official Soviet designation of its system of prisons and labour camps.) The Gulag Archipelago is Solzhenitsyn's attempt to compile a literary-historical record of the vast system of prisons and labour camps that came into being shortly after the Bolsheviks seized power in Russia (1917) and that underwent an enormous expansion during the rule of Stalin (1924-53). Various sections of the work describe the arrest, interrogation, conviction, transportation, and imprisonment of the Gulag's victims as practiced by Soviet authorities over four decades. The work mingles historical exposition and Solzhenitsyn's own autobiographical accounts with the voluminous personal testimony of other inmates that he collected and committed to memory during his imprisonment.
Upon publication of the first volume of The Gulag Archipelago, Solzhenitsyn was immediately attacked in the Soviet press. Despite the intense interest in his fate that was shown in the West, he was arrested and charged with treason on Feb. 12, 1974. Solzhenitsyn was exiled from the Soviet Union on the following day, and in December he took possession of his Nobel Prize.
In 1975 a documentary novel, Lenin v Tsyurikhe: glavy (Lenin in Zurich: Chapters), appeared. Subsequently, Solzhenitsyn traveled to the United States, where he eventually settled on a secluded estate in Cavendish, Vt. The second and third volumes of The Gulag Archipelago were published in 1974-75. Solzhenitsyn produced two books of nonfiction in 1980: The Oak and the Calf, which portrayed literary life in the Soviet Union, and the brief The Mortal Danger, which analyzed what he perceived to be the perils of American misconceptions about Russia. In 1983 an extensively expanded and revised version of August 1914 appeared in Russian as the first part of a projected series, Krasnoe koleso (The Red Wheel); other volumes (or uzly ["knots"]) in the series were Oktyabr 1916 ("October 1916"), Mart 1917 ("March 1917"), and Aprel 1917 ("April 1917").
In presenting alternatives to the Soviet regime, Solzhenitsyn tended to reject Western emphases on democracy and individual freedom and instead favoured the formation of a benevolent authoritarian regime that would draw upon the resources of Russia's traditional Christian values. The introduction of glasnost ("openness") in the late 1980s brought renewed access to Solzhenitsyn's work in the Soviet Union. In 1989 the Soviet literary magazine Novy Mir published the first officially approved excerpts from The Gulag Archipelago. Other works were also published, and Solzhenitsyn's Soviet citizenship was officially restored in 1990. He ended his exile and returned to Russia in 1994.
Copyright (c) 1995 Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. All Rights Reserved