For purposes of this Act, the term "Secretary" means the Secretary of the Army.
This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 99–662, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4082 , as amended, known as the Water Resources Development Act of 1986. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out below and Tables.
Pub. L. 115–270, §1(a), Oct. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 3765 , provided that: "This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as 'America's Water Infrastructure Act of 2018'."
Pub. L. 115–270, title I, §101, Oct. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 3768 , provided that: "This title [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the 'Water Resources Development Act of 2018'."
Pub. L. 114–322, §1(a), Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1628 , provided that: "This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the 'Water Infrastructure Improvements for the Nation Act' or the 'WIIN Act'."
Pub. L. 114–322, title I, §1001, Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1632 , provided that: "This title [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the 'Water Resources Development Act of 2016'."
Pub. L. 113–121, §1(a), June 10, 2014, 128 Stat. 1193 , provided that: "This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the 'Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014'."
Pub. L. 110–114, §1(a), Nov. 8, 2007, 121 Stat. 1041 , provided that: "This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the 'Water Resources Development Act of 2007'."
Pub. L. 106–541, §1(a), Dec. 11, 2000, 114 Stat. 2572 , provided that: "This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the 'Water Resources Development Act of 2000'."
Pub. L. 106–53, §1(a), Aug. 17, 1999, 113 Stat. 269 , provided that: "This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the 'Water Resources Development Act of 1999'."
Pub. L. 104–303, §1(a), Oct. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 3658 , provided that: "This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the 'Water Resources Development Act of 1996'."
Pub. L. 102–580, §1(a), Oct. 31, 1992, 106 Stat. 4797 , provided that: "This Act [enacting sections 59gg, 426i–1, 569d to 569f, 653, 1271, 2268, and 2325 to 2329 of this title, amending sections 426j, 467f, 467j to 467l, 562, 652, 1342, 1412, 1413, 1414, 1415, 1416, 1420, 1421, 2211, 2213, 2283, and 2309a of this title, section 3036 of Title 10, Armed Forces, sections 460tt, 4702, and 4711 of Title 16, Conservation, and section 1962d–16 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and sections 541, 1271, 2211, 2239, 2267, and 2281 of this title, section 9505 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code, and sections 390h–4 and 390h–5 of Title 43, Public Lands] may be cited as the 'Water Resources Development Act of 1992'."
Pub. L. 101–640, §1(a), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4604 , provided that: "This Act [enacting sections 59bb and 2316 to 2324 of this title, amending sections 579a, 652, 701n, 709a, 2213, 2215, 2232, 2238, 2281, 2309a, and 2314a of this title, section 460tt of Title 16, Conservation, and section 1962d–16 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, repealing sections 579 and 2239 of this title, enacting provisions set out as notes under this section, sections 426e, 1252, 1268, 2213, 2232, 2239, 2313, and 2317 of this title, and section 1405c of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions, and amending provisions set out as notes under sections 2294 and 2314 of this title and section 460d of Title 16] may be cited as the 'Water Resources Development Act of 1990'."
Pub. L. 100–676, §1(a), Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 4012 , provided that: "This Act [enacting sections 59j–1, 59y, 59z, and 2312 to 2315 of this title, amending sections 426j, 701b–12, 1293a, 2211, 2239, 2280, and 2291 of this title and section 1962d–5a of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, enacting provisions set out as notes under this section, sections 579a, 988, 2211, 2294, 2300, and 2314 of this title, and section 1962d–5g of Title 42, and amending provisions set out as a note under section 2294 of this title] may be cited as the 'Water Resources Development Act of 1988'."
Pub. L. 99–662, §1(a), Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4082 , provided that: "This Act [enacting this chapter and sections 59n–1, 59v, 59w, 403b, 426n, 426o, 467f to 467n, 555a, 579a, 652, 701b–12, 709b, 988a, and 1414a of this title, sections 460tt of Title 16, Conservation, sections 4461, 4462, 9505, and 9506 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code, section 483d of former Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works, and sections 1962d–11b and 1962d–20 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, amending sections 409, 414, 415, 426g, 426i, 426j, 426m, 467, 467b, 555, 557, 603a, 610, 701a–1, 701g, 701n, 701r, 701s, 984, and 1804 of this title, section 3036 of Title 10, Armed Forces, sections 460ee and 1002 of Title 16, section 4042 of Title 26, sections 1962d–5a, 1962d–5b, 1962d–5d, 1962d–5f, and 1962d–16 of Title 42, sections 390 and 390b of Title 43, Public Lands, and section 1121–1 of Title 46, Appendix, Shipping, repealing sections 1801 and 1802 of this title, enacting provisions set out as notes under this section, sections 426, 426g, 467, 661, 984, 988, 1414a, and 2294 of this title, sections 460d and 1004 of Title 16, sections 1, 4042, 4461, 9505, and 9506 of Title 26, sections 1962d–5b, 1962d–20, and 10301 of Title 42, and section 390b of Title 43, and amending provisions set out as a note under section 1962b–3 of Title 42] may be cited as the 'Water Resources Development Act of 1986'."
Pub. L. 99–662, title II, §215, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4109 , provided that: "This title [enacting subchapter II of this chapter] may be cited as the 'Harbor Development and Navigation Improvement Act of 1986'."
"(a) In General.-Subject to the availability of appropriations, the Secretary [of the Army] shall complete and submit to Congress by the applicable date required the reports that address public safety and enhanced local participation in project delivery described in subsection (b).
"(4) section 7001 [33 U.S.C. 2282d].
"(1) In general.-Subject to subsection (d), if the Secretary fails to provide a report listed under subsection (b) by the date that is 180 days after the applicable date required for that report, $5,000 shall be reprogrammed from the General Expenses account of the civil works program of the Army Corps of Engineers into the account of the division of the Army Corps of Engineers with responsibility for completing that report.
"(2) Subsequent reprogramming.-Subject to subsection (d), for each additional week after the date described in paragraph (1) in which a report described in that paragraph remains uncompleted and unsubmitted to Congress, $5,000 shall be reprogrammed from the General Expenses account of the civil works program of the Army Corps of Engineers into the account of the division of the Secretary of the Army with responsibility for completing that report.
"(1) In general.-For each report, the total amounts reprogrammed under subsection (c) shall not exceed, in any fiscal year, $50,000.
"(2) Aggregate limitation.-The total amount reprogrammed under subsection (c) in a fiscal year shall not exceed $200,000.
"(3) additional information is required from an entity other than the Corps of Engineers and is not available in a timely manner to complete the report by the deadline.
"(f) Limitation.-The Secretary shall not reprogram funds to the General Expenses account of the civil works program of the Corps of Engineers for the loss of the funds."
"(1) In general.-Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act [June 10, 2014], the Secretary [of the Army] shall establish and implement a pilot program to evaluate the cost-effectiveness and project delivery efficiency of allowing non-Federal interests to carry out feasibility studies for flood risk management, hurricane and storm damage reduction, aquatic ecosystem restoration, and coastal harbor and channel and inland navigation.
"(C) to evaluate alternatives for the decentralization of the project planning, management, and operational decisionmaking process of the Corps of Engineers.
"(i) In general.-A non-Federal interest that has entered into an agreement with the Secretary pursuant to subparagraph (A) may use non-Federal funds to carry out the feasibility study.
"(III) the project is authorized by any provision of Federal law enacted after the date on which an agreement is entered into under subparagraph (A).
"(II) additional amounts, as determined by the Secretary, from amounts made available under paragraph (8), except that the total amount transferred to the non-Federal interest shall not exceed the updated estimate of the Federal share of the cost of the feasibility study.
"(II) will comply with all applicable Federal laws (including regulations) relating to the use of those funds.
"(D) Notification.-The Secretary shall notify the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives on the initiation of each feasibility study under the pilot program.
"(E) Auditing.-The Secretary shall regularly monitor and audit each feasibility study carried out by a non-Federal interest under this section to ensure that the use of any funds transferred under subparagraph (C) are used in compliance with the agreement signed under subparagraph (A).
"(F) Technical assistance.-On the request of a non-Federal interest, the Secretary may provide technical assistance to the non-Federal interest relating to any aspect of the feasibility study, if the non-Federal interest contracts with the Secretary for the technical assistance and compensates the Secretary for the technical assistance.
"(G) Detailed project schedule.-Not later than 180 days after entering into an agreement under subparagraph (A), each non-Federal interest, to the maximum extent practicable, shall submit to the Secretary a detailed project schedule, based on full funding capability, that lists all deadlines for milestones relating to the feasibility study.
"(4) Cost share.-Nothing in this subsection affects the cost-sharing requirement applicable on the day before the date of enactment of this Act to a feasibility study carried out under this subsection.
"(ii) any recommendations of the Secretary concerning whether the program or any component of the program should be implemented on a national basis.
"(B) Update.-Not later than 5 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives an update of the report described in subparagraph (A).
"(C) Failure to meet deadline.-If the Secretary fails to submit a report by the required deadline under this paragraph, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives a detailed explanation of why the deadline was missed and a projected date for submission of the report.
"(6) Administration.-All laws and regulations that would apply to the Secretary if the Secretary were carrying out the feasibility study shall apply to a non-Federal interest carrying out a feasibility study under this subsection.
"(7) Termination of authority.-The authority to commence a feasibility study under this subsection terminates on the date that is 5 years after the date of enactment of this Act.
"(8) Authorization of appropriations.-In addition to any amounts appropriated for a specific project, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the pilot program under this subsection, including the costs of administration of the Secretary, $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2015 through 2019.
"(1) In general.-Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish and implement a pilot program to evaluate the cost-effectiveness and project delivery efficiency of allowing non-Federal interests to carry out flood risk management, hurricane and storm damage reduction, coastal harbor and channel inland navigation, and aquatic ecosystem restoration projects.
"(C) to evaluate alternatives for the decentralization of the project management, design, and construction for authorized Corps of Engineers water resources projects.
"(vi) regularly monitor and audit each project being constructed by a non-Federal interest under this section to ensure that the construction activities are carried out in compliance with the plans approved by the Secretary and that the construction costs are reasonable.
"(B) Detailed project schedule.-Not later than 180 days after entering into an agreement under subparagraph (A)(iv), each non-Federal interest, to the maximum extent practicable, shall submit to the Secretary a detailed project schedule, based on estimated funding levels, that lists all deadlines for each milestone in the construction of the project.
"(ii) expeditiously obtaining any permits necessary for the project.
"(4) Cost share.-Nothing in this subsection affects the cost-sharing requirement applicable on the day before the date of enactment of this Act to a project carried out under this subsection.
"(6) Administration.-All laws and regulations that would apply to the Secretary if the Secretary were carrying out the project shall apply to a non-Federal interest carrying out a project under this subsection.
"(7) Termination of authority.-The authority to commence a project under this subsection terminates on the date that is 5 years after the date of enactment of this Act.
"(8) Authorization of appropriations.-In addition to any amounts appropriated for a specific project, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the pilot program under this subsection, including the costs of administration of the Secretary, $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023."
"(a) In General.-The Secretary [of the Army] shall establish a pilot program to evaluate the cost effectiveness and project delivery efficiency of allowing non-Federal pilot applicants to carry out authorized water resources development projects for coastal harbor improvement, channel improvement, inland navigation, flood damage reduction, aquatic ecosystem restoration, and hurricane and storm damage reduction.
"(2) to evaluate the technical, financial, and organizational benefits of allowing a non-Federal pilot applicant to carry out and manage the design or construction (or both) of 1 or more of such projects.
"(c) Subsequent Appropriations.-Any activity undertaken under this section is authorized only to the extent specifically provided for in subsequent appropriations Acts.
"(6) regularly monitor and audit each project carried out under the program to ensure that all activities related to the project are carried out in compliance with plans approved by the Secretary and that construction costs are reasonable.
"(6) has not received Federal funding for recapitalization and modernization since the project was authorized.
"(f) Detailed Project Schedule.-Not later than 180 days after entering into a project partnership agreement under subsection (d)(4), a non-Federal pilot applicant, to the maximum extent practicable, shall submit to the Secretary a detailed project schedule for the relevant project, based on estimated funding levels, that specifies deadlines for each milestone with respect to the project.
"(2) other amounts appropriated to the Corps of Engineers, subject to the condition that the total amount transferred to the non-Federal pilot applicant may not exceed the estimate of the Federal share of the cost of construction, including any required design.
"(2) obtaining permits necessary for such a project.
"(C) not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this section [June 10, 2014], issue rules to carry out the procedures and approaches developed under subparagraph (B).
"(C) any other provision of Federal law.
"(1) In general.-Before entering into a project partnership agreement under subsection (d)(4), the Secretary shall conduct an assessment of whether, and provide justification in writing to the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives that, the proposed agreement provides better public and financial benefits than a similar transaction using public funding or financing.
"(C) determine whether the proposed project partnership agreement is in the public interest by determining whether the agreement will provide public and financial benefits, including expedited project delivery and savings for taxpayers.
"(k) Non-Federal Funding.-The non-Federal pilot applicant may finance the non-Federal share of a project carried out under the pilot program established under subsection (a).
"(l) Applicability of Federal Law.-Any provision of Federal law that would apply to the Secretary if the Secretary were carrying out a project shall apply to a non-Federal pilot applicant carrying out a project under this section.
"(m) Cost Share.-Nothing in this section affects a cost-sharing requirement under Federal law that is applicable to a project carried out under the pilot program established under subsection (a).
"(n) Report.-Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and make publicly available a report describing the results of the pilot program established under subsection (a), including any recommendations of the Secretary concerning whether the program or any component of the program should be implemented on a national basis.
"(3) a private entity with the consent of the local government in which the project is located or that is otherwise affected by the project."
Pub. L. 106–541, title II, §214, Dec. 11, 2000, 114 Stat. 2594 , as amended by Pub. L. 108–137, title I, §114, Dec. 1, 2003, 117 Stat. 1836 ; Pub. L. 109–99, §1, Nov. 11, 2005, 119 Stat. 2169 ; Pub. L. 109–209, §1, Mar. 24, 2006, 120 Stat. 318 ; Pub. L. 109–434, §1, Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3197 ; Pub. L. 110–114, title II, §2002, Nov. 8, 2007, 121 Stat. 1067 ; Pub. L. 111–120, §1, Dec. 22, 2009, 123 Stat. 3478 ; Pub. L. 111–315, §1, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3450 ; Pub. L. 113–121, title I, §1006, June 10, 2014, 128 Stat. 1212 , which related to funding to process permits and was formerly set out as a note under this section, was transferred to section 2352 of this title.
"(a) In General.-The Secretary shall conduct a monitoring program of the economic and environmental results of up to 5 eligible projects selected by the Secretary.
"(b) Duration.-The monitoring of a project selected by the Secretary under this section shall be for a period of not less than 12 years beginning on the date of its selection.
"(c) Reports.-The Secretary shall transmit to Congress every 3 years a report on the performance of each project selected under this section.
"(B) that has significant environmental benefits or significant environmental mitigation components.
"(e) Costs.-The cost of conducting monitoring under this section shall be a Federal expense."
"(a) In General.-In evaluating potential improvements for water control management activities and consolidation of water control management centers, the Secretary may consider a regionalized water control management plan but may not implement such a plan until the date on which a report is submitted under subsection (b).
"(5) a list of the members of Congress who represent a district that includes a water control management center that is to be eliminated under a proposed regionalized plan."
"(a) In General.-It is the sense of Congress that, to the extent practicable, all equipment and products purchased with funds made available under this Act [see Tables for classification] should be American made.
"(b) Notice to Recipients of Assistance.-In providing financial assistance under this Act, the Secretary, to the greatest extent practicable, shall provide to each recipient of the assistance a notice describing the statement made in subsection (a)."
"(a) Purchase of American-Made Equipment and Products.-It is the sense of Congress that, to the greatest extent practicable, all equipment and products purchased with funds made available under this Act [see Tables for classification] should be American-made.
Pub. L. 99–662, title IX, §948, Nov. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 4201 , provided that: "Any spending authority under this Act [see Short Title note above] shall be effective only to such extent and in such amounts as are provided in appropriation Acts. For purposes of this Act, the term 'spending authority' has the meaning provided in section 401(c)(2) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 [2 U.S.C. 651(c)(2)], except that such term does not include spending authority for which an exception is made under section 401(d) of such Act."
Pub. L. 115–270, title I, §102, Oct. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 3768 , provided that: "In this title [see Tables for classification], the term 'Secretary' means the Secretary of the Army."
Pub. L. 114–322, title I, §1002, Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1632 , provided that: "In this title [see Tables for classification], the term 'Secretary' means the Secretary of the Army."
Pub. L. 113–121, §2, June 10, 2014, 128 Stat. 1195 , provided that: "In this Act [see Tables for classification], the term 'Secretary' means the Secretary of the Army."
Pub. L. 110–114, §2, Nov. 8, 2007, 121 Stat. 1049 , provided that: "In this Act [see Tables for classification], the term 'Secretary' means the Secretary of the Army."
Pub. L. 106–541, §2, Dec. 11, 2000, 114 Stat. 2575 , provided that: "In this Act [see Tables for classification], the term 'Secretary' means the Secretary of the Army."
Pub. L. 106–53, §2, Aug. 17, 1999, 113 Stat. 273 , provided that: "In this Act [see Tables for classification], the term 'Secretary' means the Secretary of the Army."
Pub. L. 104–303, §2, Oct. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 3662 , provided that: "In this Act [see Tables for classification], the term 'Secretary' means the Secretary of the Army."
Pub. L. 102–580, §3, Oct. 31, 1992, 106 Stat. 4801 , provided that: "For purposes of this Act [see Short Title of 1992 Amendment note above], the term 'Secretary' means the Secretary of the Army."
Pub. L. 101–640, §2, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4605 , provided that: "For purposes of this Act [see Short Title of 1990 Amendment note above], the term 'Secretary' means the Secretary of the Army."
Pub. L. 100–676, §2, Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 4013 , provided that: "For purposes of this Act [see Short Title of 1988 Amendment note above], the term 'Secretary' means the Secretary of the Army."
Section 1. Policy. During the 20th Century, the Federal Government invested enormous resources in water infrastructure throughout the western United States to reduce flood risks to communities; to provide reliable water supplies for farms, families, businesses, and fish and wildlife; and to generate dependable hydropower. Decades of uncoordinated, piecemeal regulatory actions have diminished the ability of our Federal infrastructure, however, to deliver water and power in an efficient, cost-effective way.
Unless addressed, fragmented regulation of water infrastructure will continue to produce inefficiencies, unnecessary burdens, and conflict among the Federal Government, States, tribes, and local public agencies that deliver water to their citizenry. To meet these challenges, the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Commerce should, to the extent permitted by law, work together to minimize unnecessary regulatory burdens and foster more efficient decision-making so that water projects are better able to meet the demands of their authorized purposes.
(ii) for each such project, work together to facilitate the designation of one official to coordinate the agencies' ESA and NEPA compliance responsibilities. Within the 30-day time period provided by this subsection, the designated official shall also identify regulations and procedures that potentially burden the project and develop a proposed plan, for consideration by the Secretaries, to appropriately suspend, revise, or rescind any regulations or procedures that unduly burden the project beyond the degree necessary to protect the public interest or otherwise comply with the law. For purposes of this memorandum, "burden" means to unnecessarily obstruct, delay, curtail, impede, or otherwise impose significant costs on the permitting, utilization, transmission, delivery, or supply of water resources and infrastructure.
(b) Within 40 days of the date of this memorandum, the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Commerce shall develop a timeline for completing applicable environmental compliance requirements for projects identified under section 2(a)(i) of this memorandum. Environmental compliance requirements shall be completed as expeditiously as possible, and in accordance with applicable law.
(i) The Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Commerce shall ensure that the ongoing review of the long-term coordinated operations of the Central Valley Project and the California State Water Project is completed and an updated Plan of Operations and Record of Decision is issued.
(ii) The Secretary of the Interior shall issue final biological assessments for the long-term coordinated operations of the Central Valley Project and the California State Water Project not later than January 31, 2019.
(iii) The Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Commerce shall ensure the issuance of their respective final biological opinions for the long-term coordinated operations of the Central Valley Project and the California State Water Project within 135 days of the deadline provided in section 2(c)(ii) of this memorandum. To the extent practicable and consistent with law, these shall be joint opinions.
(iv) The Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Commerce shall complete the joint consultation presently underway for the Klamath Irrigation Project by August 2019.
(d) The Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Commerce shall provide monthly updates to the Chair of the Council on Environmental Quality and other components of the Executive Office of the President, as appropriate, regarding progress in meeting the established timelines.
Sec. 3. Improve Forecasts of Water Availability. To facilitate greater use of forecast-based management and use of authorities and capabilities provided by the Weather Research and Forecasting Innovation Act of 2017 (Public Law 115–25) [15 U.S.C. 8501 et seq.] and other applicable laws, the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Commerce shall convene water experts and resource managers to develop an action plan to improve the information and modeling capabilities related to water availability and water infrastructure projects. The action plan shall be completed by January 2019 and submitted to the Chair of the Council on Environmental Quality.
(c) investment in programs that promote and encourage innovation, research, and development of technology that improve water management, using best available science through real-time monitoring of wildlife and water deliveries.
Sec. 5. Consideration of Locally Developed Plans in Hydroelectric Projects Licensing. To the extent the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Commerce participate in Federal Energy Regulatory Commission licensing activities for hydroelectric projects, and to the extent permitted by law, the Secretaries shall give appropriate consideration to any relevant information available to them in locally developed plans, where consistent with the best available information.
Sec. 6. Streamlining Regulatory Processes and Removing Unnecessary Burdens on the Columbia River Basin Water Infrastructure. In order to address water and hydropower operations challenges in the Columbia River Basin, the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of Energy, and the Assistant Secretary of the Army for Civil Works under the direction of the Secretary of the Army, shall develop a schedule to complete the Columbia River System Operations Environmental Impact Statement and the associated Biological Opinion due by 2020. The schedule shall be submitted to the Chair of the Council on Environmental Quality within 60 days of the date of this memorandum.
(d) The Secretary of the Interior is hereby authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.


text:
Category: December 2019
Today (December 16), Rohingya victims of Burma's genocidal operations in Maungdaw, Arakan State, filed an official complaint to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) on violations of its investment guidelines by Norway's state-owned Telenor company, demanding an independent investigation into the use of Telenor infrastructure by Burmese security forces to carry out atrocities against Rohingya.
Alethankyaw killing field report cover
The victims, from Alethankyaw in southern Maungdaw township, allege that security forces used a Telenor cellular network tower to shoot at fleeing Rohingya men, women and children as they tried to escape the village during the last week of August 2017.
The high tower platform provided the Burmese forces with a unique strategic location to shoot at and terrorize Rohingya villagers in a wide radius in the sprawling village. Over a hundred Alethankyaw residents were killed during the operation.
The complainants, under the name Committee Seeking Justice for Alethankyaw (CSJA), are accusing Telenor of failing to carry out due diligence before expanding into northern Arakan, despite clear risks of complicity in the unfolding genocide against the Rohingya.
"As Telenor has been active in Myanmar since at least June 2013, its staff and senior management, which includes a former Norwegian ambassador to Myanmar Katja Nordgaard, could not possibly be unaware of the long standing apartheid-like policies and official discrimination directed at the Rohingya community as part of its campaign of genocide," stated Ramat Ullah of CSJA.
Alethankyaw still smouldering on September 7, 2017 ( photo by Jonathan Head, BBC )
After Kaladan Press documented the use of the Telenor tower by Burmese military snipers in its report "The Killing Fields of Alethankyaw" in November 2018, Telenor issued a statement expressing concern over the allegations, but denied responsibility – saying their personnel were not present in August 2017 -- and have simply called for the Burmese authorities to investigate the incident.
In fact, Telenor had pulled out its personnel from Alethankyaw once before, prior to the October 2016 "clearance operations," when atrocities by the government security forces drove out an estimated 100,000 Rohingya into Bangladesh.
"Therefore Telenor already knew the risks of the military buildup before the August 2017 "clearance operations," and the strong likelihood there would be further large scale atrocities against the Rohingya," stated Ramat Ullah of CSJA. "Thus Telenor bears significant responsibility for what took place on its tower."
The testimonies of the Alethankyaw victims have been cited by the UN Special Rapporteur for Human Rights in Myanmar, Yanghee Lee, whose March 2019 report stated that the "alleged use of the towers by snipers highlights the paramount importance of thorough and ongoing human rights due diligence being undertaken by companies and investors".
Telenor tower in Alethankyaw
CSJA's complaint also raises questions about the role of Telenor's telecommunication business partners in the Alethankyaw tower operation, including Irrawaddy Green Towers, whose investors include the governments of the UK, France, The Netherlands, Austria, Germany and Belgium as well as the World Banks' private sector arm, the IFC - The International Finance Corporation.
OECD is a forum of 36 member states with market economies. The OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises provides principles for responsible business conduct in a global context consistent with applicable laws and internationally recognised standards.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Appleton's At The Queens Head is a pub where people can enjoy a range of drinks and food.
Bow Lake Equestrian Center is an equestrian centre offering a range of horse riding lessons and horse facilities.
Evesons Fuels Ltd is a distributor of a range of fuels including oil.
Fishers Pond Garage is a garage offering repairs, fitting and other auto services.
Mark Hughes is a construction company specialising in groundwork and excavation work on both domestic and site premises.
McCormick Recovery is a vehicle recovery company which collects broken down vehicles and transports them to a suitable place for repair.
Norman Emery & Sons is a farm rearing various livestock and other animals.
Swift Embroidery is a firm of embroiders who offer an embroidery service for various different fabrics.
T J Slater is a garage offering repairs, parts, fitting and various other vehicle services.
Map showing Portsmouth Road in Eastleigh.


text:
Biosphere reserves in Latin America and the Caribbean
Cuchillas del Toa Biosphere Reserve, Cuba
Respectzone
The Cuchillas del Toa Biosphere Reserve, is located at the Greater Antilles, in the northeastern region of Cuba, and covers the mountain region of Sagua-Garacoa in the Alexander de Humboldt National Park. It extends along 208,305 hectares, of which 6,013 belongs to the marine area. Cuchillas del Toa is considered as one of the principal centers of biodiversity and endemism in Cuba and the insular Caribbean with rainy mountain forests, cloud forests and xerophytic matorral to complex coastal vegetation with mangroves and coral reefs.
Designation date: 1987
Regional network: IberoMAB
Ecosystem-based network:
Surface : 208,305 ha
Core area(s): 89,741 ha
Buffer zone(s): 49,284 ha
Transition zone(s): 69,280 ha
Location: 20°16' to 20°35'N; 74°30' to 75°08'W
Administrative Authorities
Rolando Villaverde López
Reserva de la Biosfera Cuchillas del Toa
Ministerio de Ciencias tecnología y Medio Ambiente
Tel.: (53) 21 381431
Email: villaverde@upsa.gtmo.inf.cu
Website ǀ Facebook ǀ Twitter
Ecological Characteristics
The karstic system of the great cave of Moa Head lands is one of the five natural monuments in the country and one of the great cave systems in eastern Cuba. With high biodiversity in flora and fauna, there are 928 endemic species reported, like the genus Podocarpus and Dracaena, 'botanic jewels' belonging to the most primitive species. Vertebrates as the royal carpenter (Campephilus principalis), the caguarero sparrow hawk (Chondrohierax wilsoni) and the almiqui (Solenodon cubanus) are also considered highly endangered species. Some of the world's smallest mammal species are found in the reserve.
Socio-Economic Characteristics
About 18,300 inhabitants (2002), in 498 communities, live in the buffer zone and transition area of this mountainous reserve. Engaged in forestry, traditional agriculture (coffee, coconut, and cacao) and ecotourism, they also raise cattle and participate in nickel, chromo, iron and cobalt mining explorations. These activities had increased negative impacts in the carrying capacity of the ecosystems, one of the main problems the reserve faces today. Another interesting aspect of this biosphere reserve is its history as battlefield for freedom. In the 18th and 19th centuries, black slave people 'cimarrones' struggles preceded the 20th century Cuban revolution.
Back to Biosphere Reserves in Cuba
Back to Biosphere Reserves in Latin America
Back to World Network of Biosphere Reserves
Last updated: February 2019


Listed once again as of February 4th at 8:28am, this Contemporary home was originally listed on November 5th in 2018. The property is being listed at a price of $1,148,000 , $40,000 more than its original list priceof $1,188,000. This 3 bedroom, 2 full baths residence is located on Ocean Boulevard, a prime area in .
With a total size of 1,510 square feet, this beautiful home comes in at $760.26 per square foot. That's 14.46% higher than the neighborhood average. There are also 2.00 garage spaces available for parking.


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Your Lancashire
Wyre and Garstang
How tragic Ian's story is helping keep others safe
Ian Entwistle of Newton was killed in a motorcycle accident in July 2015
Published: 14:50 Wednesday 12 April 2017
The story of a Lancashire biker killed in a crash is being used to help raise awareness of road safety.
Experienced rider Ian Entwistle came off his Suzuki while travelling from Newton to Freckleton.
Ian Enwistle's bike is being used in a safety show by Lancashire police
The 34-year-old aircraft technician had just returned from a two-day superbike riding school and was on his way to his dad's house along a short, familiar route.
Due to Ian's position as he approached a bend, he didn't see a car indicating to turn right in enough time, and was thrown from his bike as he tried to brake.
He suffered serious head and chest injuries and died at hospital later that day in July 2015.
Ian's family has bravely allowed Lancashire police to use his story and lent his beloved bike to officers who will be giving out safety advice at biker events over Easter.
The motorcycle will also be taken on a trailer to the TT races on the Isle of Man in June for further safety awareness.
PS Finn Quainton, who attended the collision and works in roads policing, said: "The tragic and needless death of Ian Entwistle has devastated his family and nearly two years on, they want to prevent any other bikers losing their lives in this way.
"Ian was very comfortable around bikes and they were one of his true passions in life. He was a very competent rider and this road was well known to him. However, familiarity with a route can lead to complacency and just because you think you know the road, doesn't mean you do. Potential hazards are everywhere.
"If Ian had positioned himself towards the centre line of the road on his approach to the bend, he would have had a much earlier view of the car giving him more braking distance and the outcome of the collision might have been different."
• Visit www.bikesafe.co.uk
Preston-M55 link road: how much will it cost?


Adjacent to Dillon County Industrial Site at exit 190 on I-95. There are no wetlands on this property. access is from Highway 34 onto Farley Road and goes around Harbor Freight to Fairfield Road and onto the Inland Port. Great industrial or commercial site!


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Cloning and sequencing of an aspergillus niger gene coding for beta-fructufuranosidase
R I Somiari, H Brzeski, R Tate, S Bieleck, J Polak
Strathclyde Institute Of Pharmacy And Biomedical Sciences
A 1.7 kb DNA fragment encoding beta-D-fructofuranosidase in a strain of Aspergillus niger was amplified by PCR, inserted into a 4.4 kb cloning vector and sequenced. Comparison of this sequence with suc1 (GenBank) showed that this invertase gene had suffered a single base deletion followed by a single base insertion 49bp further down-stream with the result that 16 amino acids are coded by a different reading frame.
Biotechnology Letters
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018454424640
protein secondary structures
fructofuranosidase
invertase
10.1023/A:1018454424640
Dive into the research topics of 'Cloning and sequencing of an aspergillus niger gene coding for beta-fructufuranosidase'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Aspergillus Engineering & Materials Science 100%
beta-Fructofuranosidase Medicine & Life Sciences 98%
Aspergillus niger Medicine & Life Sciences 85%
Cloning Engineering & Materials Science 84%
Amino acids Engineering & Materials Science 75%
DNA Engineering & Materials Science 65%
Genes Engineering & Materials Science 60%
Somiari, R. I., Brzeski, H., Tate, R., Bieleck, S., & Polak, J. (1997). Cloning and sequencing of an aspergillus niger gene coding for beta-fructufuranosidase. Biotechnology Letters, 19(12), 1243-1247. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018454424640
Somiari, R I ; Brzeski, H ; Tate, R et al. / Cloning and sequencing of an aspergillus niger gene coding for beta-fructufuranosidase. In: Biotechnology Letters. 1997 ; Vol. 19, No. 12. pp. 1243-1247.
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title = "Cloning and sequencing of an aspergillus niger gene coding for beta-fructufuranosidase",
abstract = "A 1.7 kb DNA fragment encoding beta-D-fructofuranosidase in a strain of Aspergillus niger was amplified by PCR, inserted into a 4.4 kb cloning vector and sequenced. Comparison of this sequence with suc1 (GenBank) showed that this invertase gene had suffered a single base deletion followed by a single base insertion 49bp further down-stream with the result that 16 amino acids are coded by a different reading frame.",
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Somiari, RI, Brzeski, H, Tate, R, Bieleck, S & Polak, J 1997, 'Cloning and sequencing of an aspergillus niger gene coding for beta-fructufuranosidase', Biotechnology Letters, vol. 19, no. 12, pp. 1243-1247. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018454424640
Cloning and sequencing of an aspergillus niger gene coding for beta-fructufuranosidase. / Somiari, R I ; Brzeski, H ; Tate, R et al.
In: Biotechnology Letters, Vol. 19, No. 12, 12.1997, p. 1243-1247.
T1 - Cloning and sequencing of an aspergillus niger gene coding for beta-fructufuranosidase
AU - Somiari, R I
AU - Brzeski, H
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AU - Bieleck, S
AU - Polak, J
N2 - A 1.7 kb DNA fragment encoding beta-D-fructofuranosidase in a strain of Aspergillus niger was amplified by PCR, inserted into a 4.4 kb cloning vector and sequenced. Comparison of this sequence with suc1 (GenBank) showed that this invertase gene had suffered a single base deletion followed by a single base insertion 49bp further down-stream with the result that 16 amino acids are coded by a different reading frame.
AB - A 1.7 kb DNA fragment encoding beta-D-fructofuranosidase in a strain of Aspergillus niger was amplified by PCR, inserted into a 4.4 kb cloning vector and sequenced. Comparison of this sequence with suc1 (GenBank) showed that this invertase gene had suffered a single base deletion followed by a single base insertion 49bp further down-stream with the result that 16 amino acids are coded by a different reading frame.
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Somiari RI, Brzeski H, Tate R, Bieleck S, Polak J. Cloning and sequencing of an aspergillus niger gene coding for beta-fructufuranosidase. Biotechnology Letters. 1997 Dec;19(12):1243-1247. doi: 10.1023/A:1018454424640


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Witness: Cops Beat Up Kianjokoma Brothers and Drove Them to an Unknown Place
By Richard Kamau / Wednesday, 11 Aug 2021 06:49AM / Leave a Comment / Tags: Benson Njiru Ndwiga, Emmanuel Mutura Ndwiga, Kianjokoma Brothers
An eyewitness has shed more light on the events leading to the death of two brothers in Kianjokoma area of Embu last week.
According to the witness, Benson Njiru Ndwiga, 22, and Emmanuel Mutura Ndwiga, 19, did not jump out of a moving vehicle as alleged by police in Embu.
The witness who has since recorded a statement narrated that Mutura was arrested first, PeopleDaily reports. The officers then started roughing him up prompting his elder brother, Ndwiga, to come to his defense.
"They had hit him on the head and he was lying unconscious. One officer then hit Ndwiga and he fell on the ground," the witness said.
Adding: "It appeared like they assaulted him to silence him as he had witnessed his younger brother being beaten mercilessly."
The cops then ushered the brothers into the front seat of the police pickup and drove to Manyatta police station. At the police post, the officers parked the car near the cells and ordered the other suspects to alight.
However, Njiru and Ndwiga remained in the car. The witness said they thought the police were taking the brothers to a hospital.
"We thought they were being taken to the hospital since they were injured. We, however, did not ask where they were being taken for fear of being victimised," the witness said.
Detectives from the Independent Policing Oversight Authority (IPOA) have already launched investigations into the deaths and are expected to finalise the probe next week.
Meanwhile, an autopsy conducted at Embu Level Five Hospital mortuary revealed that the brothers died of multiple head and rib injuries inflicted by a blunt object.
Pathologist Kamau Wangari observed that Mutura's head was deformed and bore bruises in the face while Njiru's ribs had been broken. Dr Wangari also noted that Njiru's brain had an injury.
"As a result of the examination, I formed the opinion that the cause of death was severe injuries due to blunt force," the pathologist said.
LIST: Water Supply Cut Off in These Nairobi Estates
Brave Woman Helps Husband Wrestle AK-47 From Robber


If you want to apply as a supplier of Dieffenbacher Group, please use our supplier questionnaire. Your information will be transferred directly to our purchasing department.
Here you can upload brochures, machine lists, images, certificates etc. If you want to upload multiple files, please pack them all in a ZIP file!


Sorry it has taken so long to put this fabulous art into a video. Ka Pai for doing a great job of your art work star seven.
We have been busy creating easter bunnies for easter. We made pom poms on the tummy to make our bunnies look fluffy. We think they are very cute!
Star Sevens week nine student of the week is Cody for being a kind and caring friend. Ka Pai Cody!
We have been working a lot on developing our number knowledge this term. Each day before we start our maths rotations, we enjoy dancing and singing this song to help us learn to count down from 20.
Star Sevens week nine student of the week is Georgie for beautiful size and shape in her handwriting. Tino Pai Georgie!
Here are some of star seven's students participating in Swimming Sports. They all did a fantastic job of demonstrating their swimming skills.
Star Sevens week seven student of the week is Jay for independently getting himself organised before the bell rings each morning. Well done Jay!
Hockey 2015 on PhotoPeach Here are some pictures taken by Sophie of our hockey sessions with Brooke. We had lots of fun, thanks Brooke! Sophie did an outstanding job of capturing this. I was very impressed by her various angles and what she decided to capture.
Star Sevens week six student of the week is Maddy for her fantastic sprinting technique. Tino Pai Maddy!
Swimming Sports at Stratford Pools. The entire school travelled to the venue to compete in a range of competitions. Everyone did an outstanding job of demonstrating a variety of the skills taught during our swimming sessions. A huge thank you to all our fantastic parent helpers. The students have been able to achieve so much more with your help. Above is our final race where the parents, teachers and students raced in a relay. The teacher team consisted of Mr Tai, Miss Nicholas, Mr Chittenden and myself. We were very happy to regain our champion title. Start training for next year now parents!


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'In the Way Guy' becomes Internet meme after wedding proposal photobombing
Proposal at Disney World gets photobombed
By Scott Stump
During a trip to Disney World earlier this month, Nick Landis got down on one knee to propose to his girlfriend when a stranger accidentally photobombed the moment and unwittingly gave birth to the latest Internet meme.
Just as Landis, 24, began to propose to girlfriend Erika Boone, 21, on July 9, an unidentified man hopped in front of the camera of a Disney staffer who was taking photos to preserve the special moment. The stranger was trying to avoid getting in the way of the moment but instead wound up smack dab in the middle of it.
It's the moment of truth for "In the Way Guy,'' (pictured to the left) who can either stop and wait for the picture or try to jump past the camera before the photo of the proposal. He goes for the photobomb. Nick Landis / Today
It wasn't until the couple from Plymouth, Minn., scoured through the collection of photos they bought on a disc from Disney that they realized a stranger had unwittingly blocked the original shot of Landis's proposal. Boone then posted the photo on Reddit, and the Internet took it and ran with it from there. The stranger is now better known as "In the Way Guy,'' a meme of him accidentally photobombing everything from the flag raising at Iwo Jima to the tanks in Tiananmen Square to the set of TODAY.
A Valentine's Day party on the set of TODAY is in full swing when it gets crashed by "In the Way Guy." Today
"Neither of us realized that it happened at the time because we were focused on one thing,'' Landis told TODAY.com. "He saw what was happening, and made split-second decision to jump in front rather than run around the camera person. We thought it was hilarious having a moment like that."
Matt Lauer was simply trying to celebrate the opening of the Freedom Tower in Manhattan when this guy got in the way. Today
The filmmaker/voice actor/writer and his fiancée, a dress consultant at David's Bridal, have not been contacted by the unidentified man or determined his identity since the photo went viral. Landis particularly enjoyed the Tiananmen Square meme, and said Boone likes one of "In the Way Guy'' in front of St. Mary's Hospital under a headline saying it's an exclusive photo of the royal baby.
The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge try to show off their new baby to the world, and this guy has to go and get in the way. Today
"The odds of him knowing this happened now are a lot larger than they were before,'' Landis said. "I just hope the guy is taking it in stride. I would feel bad if he was being ridiculed by his friends."
"In the Way Guy'' actually has been doing plenty of striding - mainly across historical events. Like the time he got in the way of the flag raising at Iwo Jima.
Or the time a sailor was about to bestow an iconic kiss on a woman in a white dress to celebrate Victory over Japan Day in 1945 before "In the Way Guy" photobombed it.


SELF F, a narrow rectangular form mirrors the human scale of a standing figure. Again a singular portal is witness to a plodding sequence of six images that run up and down the viewing viewer viewed—a self made abstraction. (See SELF ( ) series here for a more thorough description of the interplay between the individual SELF components).


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import numpy as np

# Generally, you want at least a few walkers for each dimension you may be exploring. To start with we are only using `4`, but you may want to eventually increase this to `8` or `10` if you have more cores available for computation. For the **vertical** model, there are 13 parameters.

nparam = 13
nwalkers = 4 * nparam
print(nwalkers)

# If you are fixing dparmeters, then you should change the previous line to reflect the number of parameters you will be sampling.

# Below, we create an array of starting walker positions, similar to how `emcee` is initialized. You should tweak the `low` and `high` ranges to correspond to a small guess around your starting position.

p0 = np.array([np.random.uniform(1.03, 1.05, nwalkers), # mass [M_sun]
              np.random.uniform(20., 21.0, nwalkers), #r_c [AU]
              np.random.uniform(30., 40., nwalkers), #T_10m [K]
              np.random.uniform(0.50, 0.55, nwalkers), # q_m
              np.random.uniform(110., 115, nwalkers), #T_10a [K]
              np.random.uniform(0.50, 0.55, nwalkers), # q_a
              np.random.uniform(-3.4, -3.1, nwalkers), #log10 Sigma_c [log10 g/cm^2]
              np.random.uniform(0.17, 0.18, nwalkers), #xi [km/s]
              np.random.uniform(44.0, 46.0, nwalkers), #inc [degrees]
              np.random.uniform(40.0, 41.0, nwalkers), #PA [degrees]
              np.random.uniform(-0.1, 0.1, nwalkers), #vz [km/s]
              np.random.uniform(-0.1, 0.1, nwalkers), #mu_a [arcsec]
              np.random.uniform(-0.1, 0.1, nwalkers)]) #mu_d [arcsec]

# Save the new position file to disk
np.save("pos0.npy", p0)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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2022-01-13 2022-01-13 January 13, 2022
How Panda Esports Supports Competitive Super Smash Bros
Throughout Smash's years of existence, many advocated for the game to become an esports. Panda Esports has been a force of proposition and innovation for Smash, going into 2022.
They've started picking up pro players in the early days of Super Smash Bros 4 and kept doing it throughout the Melee and Ultimate competitive seasons. Now, Panda is teaming up with Nintendo to provide official tournaments and even create a modern Gamecube Controller.
Competitive Smash
On November 18, Panda announced its partnership with Nintendo. Both of them worked on creating the first officially licensed Smash tournament circuit. For Nintendo, this is an unprecedented move. After all, the Japanese firm used to be very apprehensive about creating official circuits of any kind. In the past, all Smash Bros. tournaments came from fans and grassroots. But opinions change and points of view evolve.
Image Credits to Nintendo
This official Smash Bros. circuit features not only Super Smash Brothers Ultimate, but Super Smash Bros. Melee as well. Depending on COVID restrictions, the circuit series, which includes qualifiers and pre-qualifiers, could shift from an in-tournament format to an online one. Then, players will continue through the circuit to win higher prizes. More details about this official circuit will be available soon and the series should start sometime in 2022.
Panda Esports
Soon, Panda is going to launch its new Gamecube controller that has been completely modernized. Panda worked with professional players, casual players, and controller mod makers to make what they are arguing to be the best Gamecube controller to be ever made. At the very least, the Smash Bros. community believes in it because the controller nearly raised $2 million on Kickstarter.
Image Credits to Panda Esports
The controller is highly customizable and has several updates compared to the original Gamecube Controller released 20 years ago. There are now four shoulder buttons with adjustable heights for maximum comfort and response. The face buttons on the right-hand side of the controller are smoothed down so players can more easily transition from one button to the other, making combos a lot easier. On the controller grips, there are two additional buttons on each grip where a player's hand would naturally sit. All of these updates on the controller are customizable and mappable as well, so players have full control over their gameplay.
Creating a brand new updated Gamecube controller on top of joining Nintendo to make an official tournament circuit shows how much Panda plans on supporting the competitive Super Smash Bros. scene. Professional and casual Super Smash Bros. players have a lot to look forward to in 2022 thanks to Panda global pushing the boundaries of Smash esports.
Written by Daniel Borjas
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
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Center for Achievement in Science Education
To date, we have more than 500 alumni across the many programs of CASE. Many of our alumni are in Ph.D. programs or have graduated and gone on to work in science either in industry or as faculty/teachers. A vast majority of alumni who graduate from our programs continue to work and study in STEM fields. We believe the success of our students lies in the fact that while at Brooklyn College and in our programs they are given a solid foundation that allows them to be successful in the endeavors they pursue after leaving us.
Moses Feaster
Moses Feaster, a corporal in the Marine Corps Reserved, transferred to Brooklyn College in 2002. He majored in biology and eventually joined the Louis Stokes Alliance for Maximizing Participation (LSAMP), which supports research in the biomedical fields. He soon began working with Professor Jennifer Basil on research that investigated memory formation in freshwater crayfish.
In 2004, Moses applied to and was accepted to Brooklyn College's Maximizing Access to Research Careers (MARC) program, which offers students both an opportunity to do research in the biomedical fields with a faculty mentor and considerable financial and academic support. He also became the recipient of the Rose Goldstein Memorial Scholarship, the Mellon Mays Undergraduate Fellowships and the Dr. Mordecai Gabriel Scholarship. The following year, as a result of the MARC program, he spent his summer at Columbia University, working with Dr. Virginia Papaioannoua on the role of the gene Tbx6 in the development of the mouse embryo and with Dr. Anna-Katerina Hadjantonakis in the Sloan Kettering Fellowship National Cancer Institute CURE program, which supports cancer research.
In 2006, Moses was awarded a three-year NSF grant to pursue a Ph.D. in developmental biology in addition to several other undergraduate awards, including an honorable mention in the Ford Foundation Pre-Doctoral Diversity Fellowship program.
While in the MARC program, Moses was encouraged to apply to several of the top biomedical research programs. He was accepted to Ph.D. programs at Cornell Weill, NYU, Columbia, Rockefeller, Mt. Sinai, and Sloan Kettering. Moses eventually choose Rockefeller University to continue his education and began his studies in developmental genetics with full support, including both financial and academic, of the university. Both the LSAMP and MARC programs that Moses participated in serve to increase the number of traditionally underserved students in STEM disciplines and strongly promote research in the biomedical fields.
Ismaele Jacques
Ismaele Jacque graduated from Brooklyn College cum laude in 2003 with a B.S. in biology. As an alumna of the school's Maximizing Access to Research Careers (MARC) program, to which she was accepted into in 2001, Ismaele worked with Professor He Qi studying molecular and cellular mechanism governing the Drosophilia visual system.
Ismaele received her Ph.D. in microbiology in December 2008 at Yale University after nearly six years of study and research—quite an accomplishment for a student whose interest in science was encouraged when, as a sophomore, she decided to take three difficult science classes at Brooklyn College. These three classes, some of the toughest any student can manage, were Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, and Calculus. As a student used to overcoming challenges, Ismaele, who in a CUNY Matters article describes herself as enjoying challenges, earned two B+s and an A in those classes. What is also amazing is not only that Ismaele did so well in these classes but that she took them all in the same semester.
While at Brooklyn College, Ismaele joined the MARC program, which encourages students to become interested in research as early as their junior year. Students work with a faculty mentor on substantial research projects. Ismaele studied 2,3,7,8-Tetrachloro dibenzop dioxin (CTCDD), an element found in the infamous Agent Orange. Ismaele, who migrated to Brooklyn in 1991 with her family from Haiti and attended Martin Luther King High School in Brooklyn, attained a lifelong dream when she was granted her Ph.D. in advanced microbiology for her study of mircobial pathogenesis and will continue her work in research in the biomedical field. Ismaele is planning to further her education by pursuing a degree in medicine.
Former Programs and Projects
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Detention, Deportation, Disappearance
Asim Qureshi
'Asim Qureshi's meticulous research has produced a book which gives the widest picture yet of the impact of 9/11 on the destruction of fundamental human rights and legal norms by the most powerful of Western politicians' — Victoria Brittain, journalist, writer, and former associate editor of the Guardian
Rules of the Game Hardback £55.00
February 2010 9781850659693 220pp
Rules of the Game Paperback £19.99
In the aftermath of the suicide bombings on London's transport infrastructure in July 2005, the then Prime Minister Tony Blair said that 'the rules of the game have changed'. He referred to how his government planned to respond to the attacks, but few people at the time anticipated that counterterrorism would become synonymous with circumventing time-honoured concepts such as the rule of law. It is associated now with words such as profiling, incommunicado detention, rendition and torture. Rules of the Game investigates global counterterrorism through the perspective of those affected by such measures. Asim Qureshi's indefatigable research took him to East Africa, Pakistan, Sudan, the USA, Bosnia and Canada to record the testimonies of the victims of these detention policies. He analyses the effects of global counterterrorism not as individual policies or pieces of legislation, but rather as parts of a larger phenomenon that has uniformly changed the way governments view justice and eroded fundamental norms in pursuit of often phantom terrorists. Among the issues he discusses are profiling of Muslims by security services and concurrent mass arrests; the use of detention without charge, control orders and incommunicado detention; rendition; domestic detention policies in North America; and how the establishment of Guantánamo Bay has affected global perceptions of justice and imprisonment.
'In a panic-stricken response to the attack on the twin towers in New York on 9/11 the US government sought to allay the anger of its citizens and to exact revenge by launching a 'war on terror'. In doing so it abandoned its adherence to principles of justice developed over two hundred years. Asim Qureshi documents the tragic and shameful history of this cruel and counter-productive policy which has particularly impacted on many Muslims who have been subjected to torture and imprisonment in intolerable conditions without legal safeguards. The great importance of this well researched book is its emphasis on the experience and suffering of the victims whose voices are eloquently transcribed.' — Sir Geoffrey Bindman, QC, chair of the British Institute of Human Rights
'Asim Qureshi's meticulous research has produced a book which gives the widest picture yet of the impact of 9/11 on the destruction of fundamental human rights and legal norms by the most powerful of Western politicians. His story is a horrifying one, but his sober tone makes it possible to follow him and the tormented Muslim men he has spoken to, from Bosnia to Pakistan, from Egypt to Syria, and even further afield, into an area of lawlessness, lies, torture, and degradation that no one who has not lived it can imagine. The importance of this scholarly book and the years of recording and reporting that have gone into it, is that it tells a story of what has happened to our civilization. No one can afford not to know these things.' — Victoria Brittain, journalist, writer, and former associate editor of the Guardian
Asim Qureshi was trained in law and is currently the Senior Researcher for Cageprisoners. With his team of researchers, he has written and published many reports exposing the use of unlawful detention, rendition, and torture in the 'war on terror'.
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Above the Walloomsac River, where ramshackle farmhouses sit just downhill from tidy homes with organic gardens out back, the old ChemFab plant was, for many, a respected local employer from the days when this village's prosperity depended on industry. For others, it was an eyesore and a nuisance, its smokestacks choking their homes with an acrid smell that seemed to cause headaches, sore throats and nosebleeds. But since the plant shut down more than a dozen years ago, few had given a thought to its environmental legacy. In recent weeks, however, several private wells near the ChemFab plant have tested positive for an industrial chemical that has been linked to cancer, thyroid disease and serious complications during pregnancy, making North Bennington — better known for its bed-and-breakfasts and Bennington College — the latest in a growing list of Northeastern communities unsettled by a contaminated-water scare.


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text:
New Documentary Highlights 1991 Battle for Holmec on Austrian Border
By STA, 29 Jun 2022, 11:58 AM Made in Slovenia
STA, 28 June 2022 - A new documentary film on one of the bloodiest clashes of the 1991 ten-day independence war for Slovenia was screened in Slovenj Gradec on Monday. The film revisits the Holmec border crossing affair, in which Slovenian police and soldiers were accused and later cleared of shooting surrendering Yugoslav army personnel.
Entitled The Battle for Holmec - On the Other Side of Blame (Bitka za Holmec - na drugi strani krivde), the documentary by Slovenian film-maker and Boštjan Slatenšek sheds light on the clash that took place on 27 and 28 June 1991 on the Holmec border crossing with Austria which members of the Yugoslav army attempted to seize.
The film features footage of a meeting of the former adversaries 30 years after the incident that claimed two lives among Slovenian police officers defending the crossing with the assistance of the Slovenian Territorial Defence units, and three lives on the side of the Yugoslav army.
Slatenšek told the press that the Holmec clash, which resurfaced as a political scandal in 1999 amid speculations of a possible war crime that were later refuted, had already touched him during the independence war, during which he first served in the Yugoslav Armed Force to soon join the Territorial Defence.
When the war crime allegations began, he felt it "horrific how the state as such did not come to the defence of those subjected to them in a more determined fashion".
He also feels journalists had failed to present the story the way it deserved to be presented, which is why approaching it with a documentary seemed a logical step.
While the feature-length documentary includes a lot of footage of the developments, Slatenšek highlighted testimonies as the crucial element of the film, including "testimony by the opposite side, which I find the film proved to be credible".
A key moment, captured in footage by an Austrian cameraman, is the surrender of a group of Yugoslav soldiers during which shots can be heard. Commenting on it for the documentary, Husein Šabić, who was in charge on the Yugoslav side, said that none of the soldiers seen surrendering had been killed or hurt.
"Nobody shot at these people who were surrendering. And this is what matters .... nobody was wounded, nobody died. It is therefore not possible that a crime took place," said Slatenšek, whose role in the case is also among the topics of the film.
Ptuj Hosts Roman Games,18-21 August 2022
Over 500 Victims Excavated from Post-WWII Mass Grave Near Brežice


text:
PHP is a dying language
Friend: http://twitter.com/markscrap/status/1228353533
Me: 10 to 1 whatever kid wrote that is a ruby developer
Friend: haha
I'm just stating the obvious. When the first computer was invented, the legendary Grace Hopper created the first compiled programming language. That language is still around and is still popular today!
Programming languages don't "die," they proliferate.
And when a person makes blanket statements like, "PHP is a dying language," it allows me to a make blanket statement about that person's programming preferences and maturity.
The difference is, my statement is probably right.
Andrew MagerCOBOLdeaddyingFLOW-MATCHGrace HopperMark VaughnmaturityPHPprogramming languagesRuby
Posted on February 19, 2009 by tychay in PHP	15
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15 thoughts on "PHP is a dying language"
Andrew Mager says:
Friend == me;
Also, PHP is a LIVING language 🙂 The only thing it's killing is my brain.
Jeremy Privett says:
All I can say is "lol" …
tychay says:
@Andrew Mager: I added a mouse over at the end of this article in honor of your attempts to learn OOP in PHP. 🙂
Mark Vaughn says:
Ruby is a worthless language, PHP is on the block to be the next dying language as ASP .Net makes it's more prevalent move into the internet in the next two years. Why ASP .Net? Because you can use languages such as C# to write web apps. If you've had any experience in actual web AND software development, you'll understand why this is a huge win over languages such as PHP.
– markscrap
Keith Barrett says:
1. I bet that person is under 30.
2. I bet he is wither a web centric person, or Windows
3. I bet his father programs in smalltalk
4, In reality, I cannot think of a better language for server side manipulation of web communications.
@Keith Barrett: I agree (I hedged my bets by mentioning windows development in the mouseovers), but I do believe PHP marketshare will decline going forward. This is due to the value a templating system adds in a world where more and more view work is being done via Ajax and Javascript frameworks. Certainly large server side web frameworks (dotNet, J2EE, Ruby on Rails) have yet to make as much an impact as YUI has in its three short years of existence.
Given that COBOL has been in the top 20 most popular software languages in the world for sixty years, reports of the death of PHP at this point seem greatly exaggerated.
My central premise was that programming languages don't seem to die off, they proliferate. Smalltalk for instance, besides being viable in its own right, is here today in the form of Objective C. 🙂
@Mark Vaughn: By a coincidence I recently had to dig up my first PHP conference talk (on object oriented programming in PHP) from 2002 and it has a slide with about thirty points of discussion showing dotNET features not in PHP including a quote from Sterling Hughes about the potential of dotNET.
It's been seven years since that time, and PHP market share has only increased.
As for my "actual web and software development experience," the website I am the architect of is ranked in top 100 worldwide in traffic and the top 3 social network in the United States (in market share, time spent, and average daily users), has over 90 million registered users, and serves 190 million pages/day (or generates around 400 million dynamic pages/day depending on how you're counting). Over the last nine years, I have worked as the senior engineer (or higher) at five startups, four of which are still in business running software on the code I created.
So why don't you pull out your penis and we'll measure? 😀
Jonathon Hibbard says:
@Mark Vaughn
Actually, I think what you're saying is absolutely false. First of all, .NET has had C# as a language to write code with for a very long time now, and it has yet to do anything but lose ground. And it continues to do this. Saying that it's a "brand new concept that will take over the world" is just a lie, and an absurd exageration seeing as it has been available for years now… Nothing has changed.
Secondly, why will it continue to fail? Because the .NET framework is one of the most bloated frameworks on the net. Not to mention the fact that most of the developers who go to it will be the challenged Ruby devs who want things to be a "point, click, done" approach, requiring as little actual development as possible.
So, if ya wanna call .NET development "real" development, go right ahead. I'll just continue to laugh. TRUE development is C++, or C# without the .NET, or anything else without a framework. Frameworks, imo, make things easier, and takes away from a developer's mind. It makes you lazy, slow, and depending on that framework to do the job right.
That's why I am glad to be a PHP dev personally. I don't need Microsoft telling me to use their buggy, exploit-filled crappy code instead of my better/secure solution.
But nice try there champ.
@Mark Vaughan
"Its", not "it's".
Someone with the tag "markscrap" would do well to note the correct positioning of apostrophes.
@tychay The sad fact i that I've been a developer for over 20 years and I heard statements like this countless times, and it has nothing to do with "legacy languages" hanging on. It is always young programmers that has been raised in the Microsoft universe believing that it is the center of the world.
The first thing you need to do to gain credibility is to work outside of the Microsoft universe. You need to be able to see from the outside looking in. ervers were a lot more stable before they showed up (no one rebooted a server just to keep it from crashing until MS), and the future of web platforms will always begin with a technology (like mobile phones) that Microsoft will enter afterward. I worked with mini computers before windows, was a Linux user before version 1, was a VMS guru, A Windows Administrator, and now play in the world of Macs. When you use multiple platforms, when you write code or web sites that work under multiple platforms or browsers, especially non-Microsoft platforms, you gain an appreciation for what really does work corectly. No Microsoft centric technology will replace anything open. The technology user base will require that it be cross-platform in nature and work on Unix and Linux and Firefox/Chrome/Opera. This is especially true when you consider that phones are the patform of the future.
Are far as credentials. I was the author of 4 products (2780 PE, 3271 PE, DECmessgeQ/BEAmessagQ, and Red Hat HA Linux) that received world-wide recognition at their time. A "website" doesn't compare to thousands of lines of code and fortune 100 companies. Also note that years ago Javascript was thought to be a cying language because of PHP and ActiveX.
So don't downplay someone who has changed their primary programing language 7 times and OS 5 times through the years. I've been an internet user longer than you. I've heard it all before, especially from people that believed in SAP, SOA, Smalltalk, MS networking, C#, Lotus 1-2-3, Lotus Notes, SGI, and Novell were it. There are a lot of forces at work determining technology's future (company takeovers, new hardware, new rapid development tools). Would you have predicted Google over Microsoft? If it were based solely on the best tech, then the Amiga would be in a lot more homes or we'd all be using Macs.
Humm. I see 4 typos in my post. I apologize. I typed it al in on my mobile platform at 6am.
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Steve Sheldon says:
LOL! You guys is funny. Yup, .NET is a dying language used by idiots. Uh huh. LOLZ!
MonkeyT says:
From personal and professional observation: PHP use is going up. PHP jobs are becoming more numerous (though the economy is pushing many of these back into the "contract" realm whereas they were full-time positions last year). PHP visibility is going down. Why? Because, for the most part, the PHP4 to PHP5 transition is complete. The changes in the language led to a huge burst of published tutorials, instructions and opinion pieces about the changes to PHP. The new capabilities brought in new developers and new interest from some large companies. Lots of people talked about PHP. Now, most of the audience for those articles are using the language, most of the topics are old ground, well-covered. Tutorials are becoming tighter, less generalized, and thus, less likely to capture a broad audience.
So, how can we call attention to a widespread, easily available, mature language? PHP6 is coming up but it's deliberately aimed at being less of a sea-change than PHP5 was, and it's still a long way off from official launch. What can users and user-groups do and/or publish to keep PHP in the most-recent category of news without repeating ourselves ad nauseum or diving into esoterica? How can we trumpet PHP's timeliness without stumbling into generally uninformed holy wars with new language proponents?
@Keith Barrett: Well said.
I think you're missing a distinction in my reply—only part of it was directed at you. The part you take offense with was the part directed at Mark who imputed that I am neither a software developer nor work in the "real web." As for what you refer to, I've been programming for thirty years, but only the last ten commercially (and not all of it in PHP by a long shot). My first computer was a DEC-10, my first PC an Apple ][+, etc. Granted, it's not as prestigious as you—I didn't jump on Linux until RedHat and Corel because I was a BSD (BSD386) holdout. I blame youthful inexperience for that misstep. 😉
@Steve Sheldon: I thought dotNet was a framework? 🙂
@MonkeyT: Interesting question. I don't know the answer to that. If I had to guess I'd say that now that PHP has established itself in the consumer web world, it should look at why it has so little (relative) traction among the Fortune 500 and enterprise.
A.J. Brown says:
I would never want to work with someone who's argument against a language is "it's not as popular as X". Does a mechanic buy his car based on car sales?
Why do non PHP developers think that PHP is a dying language? Because being a LAMP shop is becoming a specialty, and those LAMP shops take pride in their software development.


text:
Az 1932–1933-as magyar férfi nagypályás kézilabda-bajnokság a hatodik nagypályás kézilabda-bajnokság volt. A bajnokságban kilenc csapat indult el, a csapatok két kört játszottak.

Tabella

* M: Mérkőzés Gy: Győzelem D: Döntetlen V: Vereség G+: Dobott gól G-: Kapott gól P: Pont

Források
Nemzeti Sport 1933.06.02. (nem végleges)
Magyar Sport Almanach 1935
Kézilabdázás 1969/6. szám (Sportmúzeum könyvtára)

F1932
Magyarferfinagypalyaskezilabdabajnoksag
Magyarferfinagypalyaskezilabdabajnoksag

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Rovnag Ibrahim oglu Abdullayev (en azerí: Rövnəq İbrahim oğlu Abdullayev; Najicheván, 3 de abril de 1965) es viceministro de Economía de la República de Azerbaiyán, expresidente de la Compañía Estatal Petrolífera de la República de Azerbaiyán, presidente de la Asociación de Federaciones de Fútbol de Azerbaiyán.

Biografía
Rovnag Abdullayev nació el 3 de abril de 1965 en la ciudad de Najicheván.

En 1989 se graduó de la Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial y Civil de la Universidad Estatal de Moscú. Desde 1989 empezó a trabajar en distintos puestos. El 31 de marzo de 2003 fue nombrado director de la Refinería de Retróleo de Bakú.

Desde 2004 hasta 2008 fue presidente del club de fútbol de Azerbaiyán, Neftchi Baku PFK. Desde 2008 es presidente de la Asociación de Federaciones de Fútbol de Azerbaiyán.

El 10 de febrero de 2022, por orden del presidente, Ilham Aliyev, fue nombrado viceministro de Economía de Azerbaiyán.

Véase también
 SOCAR (empresa petrolera)
 Asociación de Federaciones de Fútbol de Azerbaiyán

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Nacidos en Najicheván
Azerbaiyanos del siglo XX
Azerbaiyanos del siglo XXI
Diputados de Azerbaiyán
Alumnado de la Universidad Estatal de Moscú
Ganadores de la Orden Shohrat


text:
The Birth of Soul: The Complete Atlantic Rhythm and Blues Recordings is a 3-CD box set compilation by Ray Charles, released in 1991.

Critical reception
In a contemporary review, Peter Watrous of The New York Times said that the box set "tracks the progress of a figure who profoundly changed what was possible in American music." He ranked it as the twelfth best album of 1991. The Birth of Soul was voted the third best reissue of the year in The Village Voices annual Pazz & Jop critics' poll for 1991.

In 2003, the album was ranked number 54 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time, maintaining the rating in a 2012 revised list, then dropping to number 210 in a 2020 reboot of the list. In a retrospective article for the magazine, Robert Christgau wrote that, despite "caveats" such as material repeated on more "economic" releases, The Birth of Soul is "the rockingest Charles long-form you can buy" and remarked on the legacy of its recordings:

Christgau recommended Rhino Entertainment's 1994 compilation album The Best of Ray Charles: The Atlantic Years as a cheaper alternative to the box set.

Track listing

References

External links

Albums produced by Jerry Wexler
Albums produced by Ahmet Ertegun
Ray Charles compilation albums
1991 compilation albums
Atlantic Records compilation albums


The Joint Council of Nursing-Professions Supplementary to Medicine and Paramedical Services (JCNPPS) yesterday warned that it would give the Health Ministry two weeks to resolve six demands, which include clearing up discrepancies in allowances.
Joint Convener JCNPPS, Saman Jayasekara, however, said that they would first carry out a large scale awareness campaign to make the patients and public aware of the issue which had led to a series of strikes by them. Leaflets would be distributed in government hospitals countrywide to patients coming for medication. They would also hold meetings in several major hospitals to make patients and relatives aware of the true situation.
Jayasekara said that the awareness campaign of the JCNPPS would be launched on Monday (09) and would go on for two weeks.
The coalition demanded that the Health Ministry intervene, on its behalf, with the Treasury regarding disparities between several allowances received by doctors and themselves. "What we are requesting is that, several allowances and overtime payments be made proportionally parallel to those paid to doctors," he explained.
They also demanded that the Health Ministry intervene in re-starting grade one promotions to nursing PSM and paramedical categories with the Ministry of Public Administration. The situation was thoroughly unfair as grade one promotions were only given to a technical category while overlooking other health service categories. He said that nurses were given promotions after 17 years previously while PSMs and paramedics were promoted to the grade only when they had over 10 years of service.
The discrimination between the technical category and other service categories had created great discrepancies in salary scales. The Health Ministry had written to the Ministry of Public Administration with little results.
However, the Health Ministry claimed that to grant the demands of the JCNPPS, Treasury as well as Ministry of Public Administration approval was needed therefore ad hoc decisions could not be taken.