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Anti-D�hring by Frederick Engels 1877
Part II: Political Economy
I. Subject Matter and Method
Political economy, in the widest sense, is the science of the laws governing the production and exchange of the material means of subsistence in human society. Production and exchange are two different functions. Production may occur without exchange, but exchange — being necessarily an exchange of products—cannot occur without production. Each of these two social functions is subject to the action of external influences which to a great extent are peculiar to it and for this reason each has, also to a great extent, its own special laws. But on the other hand, they constantly determine and influence each other to such an extent that they might be termed the abscissa and ordinate of the economic curve.
The conditions under which men produce and exchange vary from country to country, and within each country again from generation to generation. Political economy, therefore, cannot be the same for all countries and for all historical epochs. A tremendous distance separates the bow and arrow, the stone knife and the acts of exchange among savages occurring only by way of exception, from the steam-engine of a thousand horse power, the mechanical loom, the railways and the Bank of England. The inhabitants of Tierra del Fuego have not got so far as mass production and world trade, any more than they have experience of bill-jobbing or a Stock Exchange crash. Anyone who attempted to bring the political economy of Tierra del Fuego under the same laws as are operative in present-day England would obviously produce nothing but the most banal commonplaces. Political economy is therefore essentially a historical science. It deals with material which is historical, that is, constantly changing; it must first investigate the special laws of each individual stage in the evolution of production and exchange, and only when it has completed this investigation will it be able to establish the few quite general laws which hold good for production and exchange in general. At the same time it goes without saying that the laws which are valid for definite modes of production and forms of exchange hold good for all historical periods in which these modes of production and forms of exchange prevail. Thus, for example, the introduction of metallic money brought into operation a series of laws which remain valid for all countries and historical epochs in which metallic money is a medium of exchange.
The mode of production and exchange in a definite historical society, and the historical conditions which have given birth to this society, determine the mode of distribution of its products. In the tribal or village community with common ownership of land—with which, or with the easily recognisable survivals of which, all civilised peoples enter history—a fairly equal distribution of products is a matter of course; where considerable inequality of distribution among the members of the community sets in, this is an indication that the community is already beginning to break up.—Both large- and small-scale agriculture admit of very diverse forms of distribution, depending upon the historical conditions from which they developed. But it is obvious that large-scale farming always gives rise to a distribution which is quite different from that of small-scale farming; that large-scale agriculture presupposes or creates a class antagonism—slave-owners and slaves, feudal lords and serfs, capitalists and wage-workers—while small-scale agriculture does not necessarily involve class differences between the individuals engaged in agricultural production, and that on the contrary the mere existence of such differences indicates the incipient dissolution of smallholding economy.—The introduction and extensive use of metallic money in a country in which hitherto natural economy was universal or predominant is always associated with a more or less rapid revolutionisation of the former mode of distribution, and this takes place in such a way that the inequality of distribution among the individuals and therefore the opposition between rich and poor becomes more and more pronounced.—The local guild-controlled handicraft production of the Middle Ages precluded the existence of big capitalists and lifelong wage-workers just as these are inevitably brought into existence by modern large-scale industry, the credit system of the present day, and the form of exchange corresponding to the development of both of them—free competition.
But with the differences in distribution, class differences emerge. Society divides into classes: the privileged and the dispossessed, the exploiters and the exploited, the rulers and the ruled; and the state, which the natural groups of communities of the same tribe had at first arrived at only in order to safeguard their common interests (e.g., irrigation in the East) and for protection against external enemies, from this stage onwards acquires just as much the function of maintaining by force the conditions of existence and domination of the ruling class against the subject class.
Distribution, however, is not a merely passive result of production and exchange; it in its turn reacts upon both of these. Each new mode of production or form of exchange is at first retarded not only by the old forms and the political institutions which correspond to them, but also by the old mode of distribution; it can secure the distribution which is suitable to it only in the course of a long struggle. But the more mobile a given mode of production and exchange, the more capable it is of perfection and development, the more rapidly does distribution reach the stage at which it outgrows its progenitor, the hitherto prevailing mode of production and exchange, and comes into conflict with it. The old primitive communities which have already been mentioned could remain in existence for thousands of years—as in India and among the Slavs up to the present day—before intercourse with the outside world gave rise in their midst to the inequalities of property as a result of which they began to break up. On the contrary, modern capitalist production, which is hardly three hundred years old and has become predominant only since the introduction of modern industry, that is, only in the last hundred years, has in this short time brought about antitheses in distribution—concentration of capital in a few hands on the one side and concentration of the propertyless masses in the big towns on the other—which must of necessity bring about its downfall.
The connection between distribution and the material conditions of existence of society at any period lies so much in the nature of things that it is always reflected in popular instinct. So long as a mode of production still describes an ascending curve of development, it is enthusiastically welcomed even by those who come off worst from its corresponding mode of distribution. This was the case with the English workers in the beginnings of modern industry. And even while this mode of production remains normal for society, there is, in general, contentment with the distribution, and if objections to it begin to be raised, these come from within the ruling class itself (Saint-Simon, Fourier, Owen) and find no response whatever among the exploited masses. Only when the mode of production in question has already described a good part of its descending curve, when it has half outlived its day, when the conditions of its existence have to a large extent disappeared, and its successor is already knocking at the door — it is only at this stage that the constantly increasing inequality of distribution appears as unjust, it is only then that appeal is made from the facts which have had their day to so-called eternal justice. From a scientific standpoint, this appeal to morality and justice does not help us an inch further; moral indignation, however justifiable, cannot serve economic science as an argument, but only as a symptom. The task of economic science is rather to show that the social abuses which have recently been developing are necessary consequences of the existing mode of production, but at the same time also indications of its approaching dissolution,-and to reveal within the already dissolving economic form of motion, the elements of the future new organisation of production and exchange which will put an end to those abuses. The wrath which creates the poet [Juvenalis, Satirae, 1, 79 (si nature negat, facit indignatio versum).—Ed.] is absolutely in place in describing these abuses, and also in attacking those apostles of harmony in the service of the ruling class who either deny or palliate them; but how little it proves in any particular case is evident from the fact that in every epoch of past history there has been no lack of material for such wrath.
Political economy, however, as the science of the conditions and forms under which the various human societies have produced and exchanged and on this basis have distributed their products—political economy in this wider sense has still to be brought into being. Such economic science as we possess up to the present is limited almost exclusively to the genesis and development of the capitalist mode of production: it begins with a critique of the survivals of the feudal forms of production and exchange, shows the necessity of their replacement by capitalist forms, then develops the laws of the capitalist mode of production and its corresponding forms of exchange in their positive aspects, that is the aspects in which they further the general aims of society, and ends with a socialist critique of the capitalist mode of production, that is, with an exposition of its laws in their negative aspects, with a demonstration that this mode of production, by virtue of its own development, drives towards the point at which it makes itself impossible. This critique proves that the capitalist forms of production and exchange become more and more an intolerable fetter on production itself, that the mode of distribution necessarily determined by those forms has produced a situation among the classes which is daily becoming more intolerable—the antagonism, sharpening from day to day, between capitalists, constantly decreasing in number but constantly growing richer, and propertyless wage-workers, whose number is constantly increasing and whose conditions, taken as a whole, are steadily deteriorating; and finally, that the colossal productive forces created within the capitalist mode of production which the latter can no longer master, are only waiting to be taken possession of by a society organised for co-operative work on a planned basis to ensure to all members of society the means of existence and of the free development of their capacities, and indeed in constantly increasing measure.
In order to complete this critique of bourgeois economics, an acquaintance with the capitalist form of production, exchange and distribution did not suffice. The forms which had preceded it or those which still exist alongside it in less developed countries, had also, at least in their main features, to be examined and compared. Such an investigation and comparison has up to the present been undertaken, in general outline, only by Marx, and we therefore owe almost exclusively to his researches [65] all that has so far been established concerning pre-bourgeois theoretical economics.
Although it first took shape in the minds of a few men of genius towards the end of the seventeenth century, political economy in the narrower sense, in its positive formulation by the physiocrats and Adam Smith, is nevertheless essentially a child of the eighteenth century, and ranks with the achievements of the contemporary great French philosophers of the Enlightenment, sharing with them all the merits and demerits of that period. What we have said of the philosophers a is also true of the economists of that time. To them, the new science was not the expression of the conditions and requirements of their epoch, but the expression of eternal reason; the laws of production and exchange discovered by this science were not laws of a historically determined form of those activities, but eternal laws of nature; they were deduced from the nature of man. But this man, when examined more closely, proved to be the average burgher of that epoch, on the way to becoming a bourgeois, and his nature consisted in manufacturing and trading in accordance with the historically determined conditions of that period.
Now that we have acquired sufficient knowledge of our "layer of critical foundations", Herr D�hring, and his method in the philosophical field, it will not be difficult for us to foretell the way in which he will handle political economy. In philosophy, in so far as his writings were not simply drivel (as in his philosophy of nature), his mode of outlook was a distortion of that of the eighteenth century. It was not a question of historical laws of development, but of laws of nature, eternal truths. Social relations such as morality and law were determined, not by the actual historical conditions of the age, but by the famous two men, one of whom either oppresses the other or does not—though the latter alternative, sad to say, has never yet come to pass. We are therefore hardly likely to go astray if we conclude that Herr D�hring will trace political economy also back to final and ultimate truths {D. Ph. 2}, eternal natural laws, and the most empty and barren tautological axioms; that nevertheless he will smuggle in again by the backdoor the whole positive content of political economy, so far as this is known to him; and that he will not evolve distribution, as a social phenomenon, out of production and exchange, but will hand it over to his famous two men for final solution. And as all these are tricks with which we are already familiar, our treatment of this question can be all the shorter.
In fact, already on page 2, [66] Herr D�hring tells us that
his economics links up with what has been "established" in his Philosophie, and "in certain essential points depends on truths of a higher order which have already been consummated [ausgemacht] in a higher field of investigation" {D. C. 2}.
Everywhere the same importunate eulogy of himself; everywhere Herr D�hring is triumphant over what Herr D�hring has established and put out [ausgemacht]. Put out, yes, we have seen it to surfeit—but put out in the way that people put out a sputtering candle. [In German an untranslatable play on words: ausmachen means consummate and also put out.—Ed.]
Immediately afterwards we find
"the most general natural laws governing all economy" {4} —
so our forecast was right.
But these natural laws permit of a correct understanding of past history only if they are "investigated in that more precise determination which their results have experienced through the political forms of subjection and grouping. Institutions such as slavery and wage bondage, along with which is associated their twin-brother, property based on force, must be regarded as social-economic constitutional forms of a purely political nature, and have hitherto constituted the frame within which the consequences of the natural economic laws could alone manifest themselves" {4-5}.
This sentence is the fanfare which, like a leitmotif in Wagner's operas, announces the approach of the famous two men. But it is more than this: it is the basic theme of Herr D�hring's whole book. In the sphere of law, Herr D�hring could not offer us anything except a bad translation of Rousseau's theory of equality into the language of socialism, such as one has long been able to hear much more effectively rendered in any workers' tavern in Paris. Now he gives us an equally bad socialist translation of the economists' laments over the distortion of the eternal natural economic laws and of their effects owing to the intervention of the state, of force. And in this Herr D�hring stands, deservedly, absolutely alone among socialists. Every socialist worker, no matter of what nationality, knows quite well that force only protects exploitation, but does not cause it; that the relation between capital and wage-labour is the basis of his exploitation, and that this was brought about by purely economic causes and not at all by means of force.
Then we are further told that
in all economic questions "two processes, that of production and that of distribution, can be distinguished". Also that J. B. Say, notorious for his superficiality, mentioned in addition a third process, that of consumption, but that he was unable to say anything sensible about it, any more than his successors {7-8} and that exchange or circulation is, however, only a department of production, which comprises all the operations required for the products to reach the ultimate consumer, the consumer proper {11-12}.
By confounding the two essentially different, though also mutually dependent, processes of production and circulation, and unblushingly asserting that the avoidance of this confusion can only "give rise to confusion", Herr D�hring merely shows that he either does not know or does not understand the colossal development which precisely circulation has undergone during the last fifty years, as indeed is further borne out by the rest of his book. But this is not all. After just lumping together production and exchange into one, as simply production, he puts distribution alongside production, as a second, wholly external process, which has nothing whatever to do with the first. Now we have seen that distribution, in its decisive features, is always the necessary result of the production and exchange relations of a particular society, as well as of the historical conditions in which this society arose; so much so that when we know these relations and conditions we can confidently infer the mode of distribution which prevails in this society. But we see also that if Herr D�hring does not want to be unfaithful to the principles "established" by him in his conceptions of morality, law and history, he is compelled to deny this elementary economic fact, especially if he is to smuggle his indispensable two men into economics. And once distribution has been happily freed of all connection with production and exchange, this great event can come to pass.
Let us first recall how Herr D�hring developed his argument in the field of morality and law. He started originally with one man, and he said:
"One man conceived as being alone, or, what is in effect the same, out of all connection with other men, can have no obligations; for such a man there can be no question of what he ought, but only of what he wants, to do" {D. Ph. 199}.
But what is this man, conceived as being alone and without obligations, but the fateful "primordial Jew Adam" {110} in paradise, where he is without sin simply because there is no possibility for him to commit any?—However, even this Adam of the philosophy of reality is destined to fall into sin. Alongside this Adam there suddenly appears—not, it is true, an Eve with rippling tresses, but a second Adam. And instantly Adam acquires obligations and—breaks them. Instead of treating his brother as having equal rights and clasping him to his breast, he subjects him to his domination, he makes a slave of him—and it is the consequences of this first sin, the original sin of the enslavement of man, from which the world has suffered through the whole course of history down to the present day—which is precisely what makes Herr D�hring think world history is not worth a farthing.
Incidentally, Herr D�hring considered that he had brought the "negation of the negation" sufficiently into contempt by characterising it as a copy of the old fable of original sin and redemption {see D. K. G. 504}—but what are we to say of his latest version of the same story? (for, in due time, we shall, to use an expression of the reptile press, [67] "get down to brass tacks" on redemption as well). All we can say is that we prefer the old Semitic tribal legend, according to which it was worth while for the man and woman to abandon the state of innocence, and that to Herr D�hring will be left the uncontested glory of having constructed his original sin with two men.
Let us now see how he translates this original sin into economic terms:
"We can get an appropriate cogitative scheme for the idea of production from the conception of a Robinson Crusoe who is facing nature alone with his own resources and has not to share with anyone else... Equally appropriate to illustrate what is most essential in the idea of distribution is the cogitative scheme of two persons, who combine their economic forces and must evidently come to a mutual understanding in some form as to their respective shares. In fact nothing more than this simple dualism is required to enable us accurately to portray some of the most important relations of distribution and to study their laws embryonically in their logical necessity... Co-operative working on an equal footing is here just as conceivable as the combination of forces through the complete subjection of one party, who is then compelled to render economic service as a slave or as a mere tool and is maintained also only as a tool... Between the state of equality and that of nullity on the one part and of omnipotence and solely-active participation on the other, there is a range of stages which the events of world history have filled in in rich variety. A universal survey of the various institutions of justice and injustice throughout history is here an essential presupposition" {D. C. 9-10} ....
and in conclusion the whole question of distribution is transformed into an
"economic right of distribution" {10}.
Now at last Herr D�hring has firm ground under his feet again. Arm in arm with his two men he can issue his challenge to his age. But behind this trinity stands yet another, an unnamed man.
"Capital has not invented surplus-labour. Wherever a part of society possesses the monopoly of the means of production, the labourer, free or not free, must add to the working-time necessary for his own maintenance an extra working-time in order to produce the means of subsistence for the owners of the means of production, whether this proprietor be the Athenian [aristocrat], Etruscan theocrat, civis Romanus [Roman citizen], Norman baron, American slave-owner, Wallachian Boyard, modern landlord or capitalist" (Marx, Das Kapital, Vol. I, 2nd edition, p. 227).
When Herr D�hring had thus learned what the basic form of exploitation common to all forms of production up to the present day is—so far as these forms move in class antagonisms—all he had to do was to apply his two men to it, and the deep-rooted foundation of the economics of reality was completed. He did not hesitate for a moment to carry out this "system-creating idea" {D. Ph. 525}. Labour without compensation, beyond the labour-time necessary for the maintenance of the labourer himself—that is the point. The Adam, who is here called Robinson Crusoe, makes his second Adam — Man Friday—drudge for all he is worth. But why does Friday toil more than is necessary for his own maintenance? To this question, too, Marx step by step provides an answer. But this answer is far too long-winded for the two men. The matter is settled in a trice: Crusoe "oppresses" Friday, compels him "to render economic service as a slave or a tool" and maintains him "also only as a tool". With these latest "creative turns" {D. K. G. 462} of his, Herr D�hring kills as it were two birds with one stone. Firstly, he saves himself the trouble of explaining the various forms of distribution which have hitherto existed, their differences and their causes; taken in the lump, they are simply of no account—they rest on oppression, on force. We shall have to deal with this before long. Secondly, he thereby transfers the whole theory of distribution from the sphere of economics to that of morality and law, that is, from the sphere of established material facts to that of more or less vacillating opinions and sentiments. He therefore no longer has any need to investigate or to prove things; he can go on declaiming to his heart's content and demand that the distribution of the products of labour should be regulated, not in accordance with its real causes, but in accordance with what seems ethical and just to him, Herr D�hring. But what seems just to Herr D�hring is not at all immutable, and hence very far from being a genuine truth. For genuine truths {D. Ph. 196}, according to Herr D�hring himself, are "absolutely immutable". In 1868 Herr D�hring asserted—Die Schicksale meiner sozialen Denkschrift etc.—that
it was "a tendency of all higher civilisation to put more and more emphasis on property, and in this, not in confusion of rights and spheres of sovereignty, lies the essence and the future of modern development".
And furthermore, he was quite unable to see
"how a transformation of wage-labour into another manner of gaining a livelihood is ever to be reconciled with the laws of human nature and the naturally necessary structure of the body social".
Thus in 1868, private property and wage-labour are naturally necessary and therefore just; in 1876 both of these are the emanation of force and "robbery" and therefore unjust. And as we cannot possibly tell what in a few years' time may seem ethical and just to such a mighty and impetuous genius, we should in any case do better, in considering the distribution of wealth, to stick to the real, objective, economic laws and not to depend on the momentary, changeable, subjective conceptions of Herr D�hring as to what is just or unjust.
If for the impending overthrow of the present mode of distribution of the products of labour, with its crying contrasts of want and luxury, starvation and surfeit, we had no better guarantee than the consciousness that this mode of distribution is unjust, and that justice must eventually triumph, we should be in a pretty bad way, and we might have a long time to wait. The mystics of the Middle Ages who dreamed of the coming millennium were already conscious of the injustice of class antagonisms. On the threshold of modern history, three hundred and fifty years ago, Thomas M�nzer proclaimed it to the world. In the English and the French bourgeois revolutions the same call resounded—and died away. And if today the same call for the abolition of class antagonisms and class distinctions, which up to 1830 [68] had left the working and suffering classes cold, if today this call is re-echoed a millionfold, if it takes hold of one country after another in the same order and in the same degree of intensity that modern industry develops in each country, if in one generation it has gained a strength that enables it to defy all the forces combined against it and to be confident of victory in the near future—what is the reason for this? The reason is that modern large-scale industry has called into being on the one hand a proletariat, a class which for the first time in history can demand the abolition, not of this or that particular class organisation, or of this or that particular class privilege, but of classes themselves, and which is in such a position that it must carry through this demand on pain of sinking to the level of the Chinese coolie. On the other hand this same large-scale industry has brought into being, in the bourgeoisie, a class which has the monopoly of all the instruments of production and means of subsistence, but which in each speculative boom period and in each crash that follows it proves that it has become incapable of any longer controlling the productive forces, which have grown beyond its power, a class under whose leadership society is racing to ruin like a locomotive whose jammed safety-valve the driver is too weak to open. In other words, the reason is that both the productive forces created by the modern capitalist mode of production and the system of distribution of goods established by it have come into crying contradiction with that mode of production itself, and in fact to such a degree that, if the whole of modern society is not to perish, a revolution in the mode of production and distribution must take place, a revolution which will put an end to all class distinctions. On this tangible, material fact, which is impressing itself in a more or less clear form, but with insuperable necessity, on the minds of the exploited proletarians—on this fact, and not on the conceptions of justice and injustice held by any armchair philosopher, is modern socialism's confidence in victory founded.
Anti-D�hring Table of Contents | Marx-Engels Archive


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Crime Stoppers of Cuyahoga County
Wanted Suspects
Unsolved Homicides
Crime of the Week
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Join Crime Stoppers
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Tip Follow-Up
If you have any information about these crimes or any person(s) involved, you are urged to call Crime Stoppers at 216 252-7463 or submit a Web Tip . You do not have to give your name. CRIME STOPPERS will pay a cash reward of up to $2,500 and you can remain anonymous.
Aggravated Murder (Antonio Johnson)
On Wednesday, November 24,2021 at 12:50 pm, University Heights Police were dispatched to Scholl Rd. for a report of shots fired and a car that had crashed into another car in the same area. Officers responded to the area and found 19 y/o Antonio Johnson (pictured below) of Euclid, OH, in a car that had crashed into a parked car on the street. Further investigation revealed that Johnson had been shot multiple times in the chest. The University Heights Fire Department Rescue Squad transported Johnson to an area hospital where he succumbed to his injuries. A witness reported seeing what appeared to be two males fleeing on foot westbound immediately after the gunshots. The only description given was that they appeared to be teenagers and were wearing dark colored, possibly navy, hooded sweatshirts. Officers searched the area with the assistance of a Cleveland Heights K-9, but did not locate anybody. Preliminary on-scene investigation indicates that this was not a random act of violence and that the victim may have known his assailant(s). The Ohio Attorney General's Office Bureau of Criminal Identification & Investigation (BCI) will be the lead investigative agency in this incident. Anyone with any information should contact the University Heights Police Detective Bureau at 216-932-8799. Crime Stoppers is offering a reward of up to $5000.00 for any information that may lead to the arrest/conviction of any suspects in this case. Tipsters can call them at 216-25CRIME and remain anonymous.
Homicide (Winbush)
Unsolved Murder
Damon Winbush Jr.
On Monday March 29, 2021 DAMON WINBUSH Jr. was found shot to death. Around 4:30 in the morning, Cleveland Police responded to a call of a body in the field at 10011 Adams Avenue. WINBUSH was found with multiple gunshot wounds to his body; he was pronounced dead at 5:00 a.m.
Crime Stoppers will pay a reward of up to $5000 for information leading to the identity and prosecution of anyone involved in this murder.
Tipsters remain anonymous.
MURDER (HENRY)
VICTIM: ESSIE HENRY
On November 4, 2021 ESSIE HENRY was found murdered. Her body was located in shrubbery at Warrensville Center and Colony Roads in South Euclid, Ohio. 91 year old ESSIE HENRY was beaten to death. Her body was found at 4:30 p.m.
Crime Stoppers of Cuyahoga County is offering up to $5000 in cash to any tipster who provides information that leads to the identity and prosecution of anyone involved in this murder.
Tipster remain anonymous.
Homicide (WAGONER)
Christian Martin Wagoner
Gladstone and Warrensville Center Road
Christian Martin Wagoner was found shot on July 3rd, 2021 at Gladstone and Warrensville Center Road. He was found at
1:00 A.M. Shortly after being taken to Metro General, he passed away. Christian Martin Wagoner was shot multiple times and left on the street to die. Warrensville Heights Police are asking for the public's help in solving this case. Crime Stoppers is offering a cash reward of up to $5000 for information leading to the identity and prosecution of anyone involved in this crime. Tipsters remain anonymous.
Homicide (Thomas)
Crime Stoppers is offering a reward up-to $5,000 for any information leading to the identity, location, and prosecution of the person(s) responsible for the murder of Antwoine Thomas. Thomas was shot on July 20, 2021, at 105 Adams in Cleveland, Ohio. Antwoine Thomas succumbed to his injuries at University Hospital on Euclid Avenue.
Any information provided to Crime Stoppers is considered anonymous.
Crime Stoppers is offering a reward up-to $5,000 for any information leading to the identity, location, and prosecution of the person responsible for the murder of Kyler Bland. Kyler Brand was walking on Goodnor Road near Berkshire in Cleveland Heights when he was approached by an unknown male. The unknown male shot three rounds striking Bland in the arm and torso with one bullet. Bland was transported to the hospital were he succumbed to his injuries. Any information provided to Crime Stoppers is considered anonymous.
Tipster can call the Tip Line: (216) 291-5010, or the Cleveland Heights Detective Bureau: (216) 291-3883.
Tipster can also contact Crime Stoppers at (216) 252-7463.
Homicide (Maurice Barber)
MAURICE BARBER, 33 year old Black Male
Friday October 1st, 2021 MAURICE BARBER was shot and killed at East 123 and Parkway Avenue. MAURICE BARBER was an innocent victim of gun fire intended for another person at 927 East 123rd Street.
C Stoppers will pay up to $5000 for information leading to the identification and prosecution of anyone involved in this killing.
Homicide (Jefferson)
VICTIM: Chiffion C. Jefferson
On Saturday September 11, 2021 Chiffion C. Jefferson was found shot to death at 7511 Garden Valley, Cleveland, Ohio. The 28 year old female was found with a gun shot wound around 7:30 a.m.
WANTED: Cierra Nicole Mack, 30 year old Black Female is wanted in connection with this murder. Mack lives at 7051 Garden Valley, Cleveland, Ohio. She is 5-2 inches tall and weighs 145 lbs.
Any information that leads to the location and prosecution of CIERRA NICOLE MACK MAY PRODUCE A REWARD OF UP TO $5000.
Homicide (Jackson)
Victim: FRANK Q. JACKSON
ON Sunday September 19, 2021 Cleveland Police found Frank Q. Jackson shot to death around 9:10 PM. He was found at 6955 Anita Kennedy Drive on the side lawn. This location is in the Garden Valley Estates.
Anyone with information on this murder is asked to contact Cleveland Homicide at 216-623-5464. Tipsters may contact Crime Stoppers and remain anonymous. Cash reward up to $5000 for tips that result in the identity and prosecution of anyone involved in this killing.
Homicide (Philip Hall)
On Saturday September 18, 2021, around 9:00PM Police responded to a "shots fired" call. The officers found Philip Hall at East 102nd Street and Raymond Avenue. He was shot in the back. EMS transported Philip Hall to University Hospital, where he died.
Tipsters that provide information leading to the identity and prosecution of anyone involved in this killing may receive a cash reward of up to $5000. Tipster remain anonymous.
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In the Bible, the son of Isaac and grandson of Abraham. His 12 sons became the progenitors of the 12 tribes of Israel.
a son of Isaac and Rebekah, younger twin of Esau, and father of the 12 patriarchs. Gen. 24:24–34.
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Srinagar -- In occupied Kashmir, signaling the increased cooperation between India and Israel on how to suppress genuine freedom struggles in Palestine and Kashmir, Israeli chief of ground forces, Major General Yakov Barak, visited the Indian Army's Northern command headquarters in Jammu and interacted with army commander and other senior officers.
Information Security Magazine by InfoSecurity Russia met with Yakov Grodzensky, Head of Information Security Products Department at "Syssoft", one of the leading system integrators and distributors on the Russian market.
The five Solomon siblings grew up on a kibbutz in the Jordan River Valley, under the relatively neglectful eyes of their parents, Yakov and Vivienne.
Ganchev was agent Zhorzh for the Second General Directorate, while Paramov was resident Yakov with the border military.
The neighborhoods affected are Gilo with 89 units, Har Homa with 130, Pisgat Ze'ev with 68 and Neve Yakov with 36.
It gained its popular name from Sergeant Yakov Pavlov, who commanded the platoon that seized the building and defended it during the long battle.
Yakov Amihud, New York University, "The Pricing of the Illiquidity Factor's Systematic Risk"
Written by Rory Young and Yakov Alekseyev, not only does A Field Manual for Anti-Poaching Activities lay out a desperately-needed clear, comprehensive and thorough approach, but finally the ranger in the field has a complete guide to refer to; from investigations, to pursuit, to apprehension, to prosecution and everything in between.


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epaselect AUSTRALIA TENNIS AUSTRALIAN OPEN GRAND SLAM
epaselect epa09690503 Rafael Nadal of Spain plays Marcos Giron of the United States in their first round match on Day 1 of the Australian Open tennis tournament, at Melbourne Park, in Melbourne, Australia, 17 January 2022. EPA/DAVE HUNT AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND OUT
epaselect epa09690503 Rafael Nadal of Spain plays Marcos Giron of the United States in their first round match on Day 1 of the Australian Open tennis tournament, at Melbourne Pa...
NEPAL BELIEF TRADITIONS
epa09690553 Nepalese Hindu devotee attends the first day of the Madhav Narayan festival at Salinadi River, a sacred place, in Sankhu, an ancient village of near Kathmandu, Nepal, 17 January 2022. The month-long festival includes religious fasting, holy bathing and the study of the Swasthani book, a chapter or story of which is read each evening by priests or householders to the gathered family. More than 100 married and unmarried women and dozens of male devotees started their month-long fast for better life and peace at temple premises. Unmarried women take the fast to get a good husband and married women for their families' prosperity. The festival is dedicated to Lord Shiva, the god of creation and destruction. EPA/NARENDRA SHRESTHA
epa09690553 Nepalese Hindu devotee attends the first day of the Madhav Narayan festival at Salinadi River, a sacred place, in Sankhu, an ancient village of near Kathmandu, Nepal...
JAPAN POLITICS PARLIAMENT
epa09690549 Japan's Prime Minister Fumio Kishida (R), delivers a policy speech at the lower house of the parliament in Tokyo, Japan, 17 January 2022. Prime Minister Fumio Kishida made a policy address before parliament members pledging to control the COVID-19 spreading in Japan generated by the Omicron variant. EPA/FRANCK ROBICHON
epa09690549 Japan's Prime Minister Fumio Kishida (R), delivers a policy speech at the lower house of the parliament in Tokyo, Japan, 17 January 2022. Prime Minister Fumio ...
INDONESIA PANDEMIC CORONAVIRUS COVID19
epa09690543 A man receives a Covid-19 booster using Pfizer vaccine injection at a vaccination program drive for local people in Banda Aceh, Indonesia, 17 January 2022. The Indonesian government has started the booster dose or the third vaccine for local people in Aceh. EPA/HOTLI SIMANJUNTAK
epa09690543 A man receives a Covid-19 booster using Pfizer vaccine injection at a vaccination program drive for local people in Banda Aceh, Indonesia, 17 January 2022. The Indon...
CAMBODIA ASIAN DIPLOMACY
epa09690535 A handout photo made available by Agence Kampuchea Press (AKP) shows Secretary-General of ASEAN Dato Lim Jock Hoi (L) meeting with Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen (R) at Peace Palace in Phnom Penh, Cambodia , 17 January 2022. Lim is on an official visit to Cambodia from 15 to 19 January. EPA/KOK KY / AKP HANDOUT HANDOUT EDITORIAL USE ONLY/NO SALES
epa09690535 A handout photo made available by Agence Kampuchea Press (AKP) shows Secretary-General of ASEAN Dato Lim Jock Hoi (L) meeting with Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen (...
AUSTRALIA TENNIS AUSTRALIAN OPEN GRAND SLAM
epa09690532 Rafael Nadal of Spain (L) celebrates his win over Marcos Giron of the United States (R) in their first round match on Day 1 of the Australian Open tennis tournament, at Melbourne Park, in Melbourne, Australia, 17 January 2022. EPA/DAVE HUNT AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND OUT
epa09690532 Rafael Nadal of Spain (L) celebrates his win over Marcos Giron of the United States (R) in their first round match on Day 1 of the Australian Open tennis tournament,...
CHINA OLYMPIC WINTER GAMES 2022
epa09690495 Parents with their children wearing face masks stand next to a countdown display showing days left for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, on a shopping street in Beijing, China, 17 January 2022. Weeks before the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, the capital reported its first locally transmitted case of the Omicron variant of the Sars-Cov-2 virus on 15 January. China is battling the new wave of Covid-19, with millions across the country placed in lockdowns and harsh travel restrictions. The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics are scheduled to start on 04 February. EPA/ROMAN PILIPEY
epa09690495 Parents with their children wearing face masks stand next to a countdown display showing days left for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, on a shopping street in Beij...
SRI LANKA BELIEF BUDDHISM
epa09690482 Sri Lankan Buddhist devotees take part in a religious observance on the first full moon Poya day of the new year at a temple in the Kelaniya suburb of Colombo, Sri Lanka, 17 January 2022. Buddhism is the official religion of the South Asian island nation and the majority of the island's population traditionally engages in religious observances on full moon days. EPA/CHAMILA KARUNARATHNE
epa09690482 Sri Lankan Buddhist devotees take part in a religious observance on the first full moon Poya day of the new year at a temple in the Kelaniya suburb of Colombo, Sri L...
JAPAN POLITICS PARLIAMENT EMPEROR
epa09690471 Japan's Emperor Naruhito (L) delivers an address for the opening of a Diet session at the upper house of parliament, in Tokyo, Japan, 17 January 2022. Japan's Emperor Naruhito made an opening address before parliament members. EPA/FRANCK ROBICHON
epa09690471 Japan's Emperor Naruhito (L) delivers an address for the opening of a Diet session at the upper house of parliament, in Tokyo, Japan, 17 January 2022. Japan...
CAMBODIA ASEAN DIPLOMACY
epa09690465 Secretary-General of ASEAN Lim Jock Hoi (C-L) attends a meeting with Cambodia Foreign Minister Prak Sokhonn (C-R) at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation in Phnom Penh, Cambodia , 17 January 2022. Lim is on an official visit to Cambodia from 15 to 19 January. EPA/KITH SEREY
epa09690465 Secretary-General of ASEAN Lim Jock Hoi (C-L) attends a meeting with Cambodia Foreign Minister Prak Sokhonn (C-R) at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Internationa...


Life is full of decisions and challenges that require directions. As Christians, we do not just need directions but we need divine directions. People are always willing and ready to give advice and directions for our lives whether they are asked or not. It is important that we acknowledge God, even in the 'simple' things in our lives.
It is so very easy for us to decide what we are going to do about things that we think we have control over or things that we think we can handle. However, God wants us to acknowledge Him in all things. God should be the one in control of our lives.
Have you ever been in a situation where you are faced with a decision, you did not pray about it or ask God what you should do, but made your own decision; and then when things did not work out as you planned you cried out to God? Some of us even go as far as asking God why this or that happened, when in essence if we had sought Him and acknowledge Him and ask His opinion, He would have told us to do the opposite of what we did. Of course there are those who do their own thing and go their own way and when trouble comes ask God how He could allow this or that to happen to them. To sum this all up its like 'When all else fails, ask God'. When we operate like this, it is living our live in the reverse.
The devil is already on a mission to kill, steal and destroy every child of God. He is not after us. He is after the gifts in us and the anointing on us. If we decide to live our lives, leaning on our own understanding and doing things our way instead of God's way, all we do is help the devil to keep us out of our divine destiny and hinder the blessings of God from coming to us.
A lot of times we blame the devil for a lot of things that we are responsible for. We get ourselves in a lot of things that really could be avoided if we had only acknowledged God. God speaks to us in so many different ways; by the Holy Spirit, through His Word, the preached Word, Prophetic Words etc. The problem is that it is not that we do not hear what God is saying at times, but it is that what we hear is not what we want to hear so we do the opposite. In the natural, if you go to a function and they acknowledge the presence of someone, this is only done if the person is present. When we acknowledge God, we are saying that He is present in our live and in our decisions. When we acknowledge God, He brings us joy and He blesses us. "Thou wilt shew me the path of life: in thy presence is fulness of joy; at thy right hand there are pleasures for evermore." Psalm 16:11 God never leads us in the wrong path.
A lot of Christians are intrigued with the prophetic and prophets. Prophets and the prophetic have their place in the body of Christ. Yet, God never told us to trust the prophets or acknowledge the prophets. He told us to seek him with all our might and to acknowledge Him. So many people are from place to place and state to state, following from one prophet to another seeking to get a 'Word'. Many have itching ears and are just looking to hear that God is gonna give them a new car, a house, a lot of money, etc although they are not living right. In 1 John 4:1 we are warned with these words "Beloved, believe not every spirit, but try the spirits whether they are of God: because many false prophets are gone out into the world." Yet many Christians never take time out to test the spirits, they just take in, believe and act upon every 'Word' that is given them whether it witnesses in their spirit or lines up with the Word of God or not. Christians beware of false prophets and false prophecies that go against the Word of God or that are from the flesh.
The psychics are a counterfeit of the true prophetic. Yet, many Christians who are blessed with the gift of prophecy or who are called to be prophets try to operate the gift of prophecy as if it is a psychic hotline. Some 'prophets' even have people pay for personal prophecies. I won't go there today, that is another devotional altogether. They constantly give people 'Words' just because the people ask and they do not prophesy from the Spirit of the Lord, and are not led by the Spirit of the Lord, but from their flesh. Remember that anything from the flesh reaps corruption and acting on false prophecies is no exception. This has led many well meaning Christians astray. God has already given us His Word from Genesis to Revelations. As I said before the prophetic and the true prophets of God have their rightful place in the body of Christ. But beware that you do not get caught up in living your life waiting to hear 'a Word' and ignoring the Word and voice of the Lord. If someone gives you 'a Word' and it does not witness in your spirit, seek God about it before you decide to act on it. If someone gives you 'a Word' that does not line up with the Word of God, you do not have to seek God, you know automatically that it is not a word from the Lord.
Saints of God, we are living in serious times. If ever a time we need to acknowledge God, it is now. Seek the face of God, seek the heart of God and talk to God about every area of your life. Remember, that as long as King Uzziah sought the Lord, God caused him to prosper. God wants you to prosper today, even as your soul prospers. Acknowledge God in all your ways.
Remember, if you do not acknowledge God, He cannot direct your path.


Membership is free for professional game developers. Click here to join.
The New Zealand Game Developers Conference is a one-day action-packed conference for professional and indie game developers.
Video games continue to be a fast-growing export sector for New Zealand, with several Kiwi developers gaining global recognition. We've had 7 top 10 iPhone games in the last 9 months, not to mention PC and other smartphone successes. Kiwis game devs are at the top of their game, so come along and learn from some of the best.
The conference features New Zealand and Australia's leading game developers sharing real experiences and the knowledge that has made them global successes.
Download a PDF of the conference programme here.
Conference attendees can pick up tickets to attend the Serato After-Party at Rakinos on High St. Auckland software-company Serato are the makers of the world's best and most popular DJ software, Scratch Live, so they know how to bring up the right tunes. Drinks on arrival.
Are you passionate about the future of game development in New Zealand? The NZ Game Developers Association Annual General Meeting and committee elections will be held at 6pm, Thursday 27 June at Level 5, Media Design School, 92 Albert St. All NZGDA members are welcome to attend.


Five Stages of Human Evolution: the Ultimate Convenience!
Home > Five Stages of Human Evolution: the Ultimate Convenience!
So the overall pattern of similarities do not have to be explained by common-ancestry evolution. Therefore, the particulars of lactation have evolved to fit the diverse reproductive and environmental demands of distinct species. Two species can have homologous anatomy though they aren't related at all.
Deficiency needs arise because of deprivation and are believed to motivate people when they're unmet. Around 7 million decades before, humans and chimpanzees began to evolve in their individual directions. The cortex is similar to an upgraded tectum.
There's some dispute as to the best way to deal with the development of usability. Similarly, effective administration required some level of understanding of different cultures. Basically, the experimenters became part of the analysis and influenced its outcome.
Suppose you were in the bridge-building organization, and you were interviewing two or three engineers to pinpoint whom you wished to hire. The two of these are able to be done with the help of a therapist https://www.popsci.com/google-search-tips-and-tricks or a healer. Unlike modern science, true religion isn't continuously refined on specific points to wholly alter the truthfulness of prior statements.
Questions such as these are what developmental psychologists attempt to reply. To begin with, it might be argued that biographical analysis for a technique is extremely subjective as it's based entirely on the opinion of the researcher. Due to this, psychoanalytic theory doesn't have substantial research readily available to support its ideas.
Naturally, there's plenty of opportunity when the data is collected and stored. At this point you realize that you're a co-creator and possess the capability to become whatever you need to be and do whatever you would like to do. Left alone, separated from their very own family or community, Infant-souled people are very likely to develop into feral.
Many aspects of contemporary society are made to delay rewards until some point later on. The exact same is achieved by formulation of particular strategies and execution of the very same, which is accomplished by the HR department. These developments happened in a broader context.
Drug molecules are heated to penetrate into the kidneys in this manner, the individual can acquire direct and adequate therapy. Fertilization happens in the fallopian tube. Human fertilization starts with a woman's menstrual cycle.
At this phase of a youngster's development they need to be able to learn initiative without taking on an excessive amount of guilt. We've seen their usage in applications like cancer diagnosis. Those undergoing the very first stage of reincarnation are called infant souls.
Taking a couple of minutes to look online could yield you a few really rewarding outcomes. Although people achieve self-actualization in their own distinct way, they have a tendency to share certain characteristics. See link to find out more on Piaget.
As their bodies wear out, individuals face the reality they won't be around forever. The Pinker-Jackendoff article is quite suitable for review, if you're interested in these problems. If these needs aren't satisfied the body can't function optimally.
Because the very first taste of physical life can be quite so unusual and terrifying, many will choose to have a string of early deaths till they find their feet as human beings. The accession of rhythmic music stipulates a boost. The very first overall look of art was during this moment.
When they take a peek at the years that passed, they will either truly feel proud or feel as a failure. Let's pretend for a moment that you're a giraffe. If you conserve money now, you will have enough for retirement later.
A standard designer is another interpretation which makes sense of the exact same data. A frog has a very good simulation of itself. But there isn't any such structure.
The scientific way is to be put to use as a guide that could be modified. These data reveal an array of heterodimer-assembly defects brought on by the TUBB8 mutations. It's correct that in order to accomplish optimization, you need to have a great toolset, excellent data, and great skills.


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Imagine a city boasting the charm of rural Australian life mixed with rich textured Victorian colonial history… and the expansive wonder of an African safari. Yes, you read that right. Dubbo is a place that refuses to be boxed in so it's no surprise it's one of the country's fastest-growing inland cities. It also plays host to over half a million travellers per year, each coming from across the globe to enjoy the easily accessible family entertainment, tantalising farm-to-table restaurants and awe-inspiring nature. Don't believe us? Six visits from the British royal family since the 1920s can't be wrong.
Here's a guide to get you started on your first Dubbo adventure…
Getting to Dubbo
Getting to Dubbo is all part of the fun. It's approximately five hours drive from Sydney, which means you can either smash out the journey in one day or take your time, stopping for scones and vintage shopping in the romantic Blue Mountains town of Leura. Followed by a touch of wine tasting in the acclaimed foodie town of Orange.
NSW TrainLink also runs daily services from Sydney's Central Station directly to Dubbo, perfect for those who prefer to let someone else take the wheel and simply sit back and enjoy the scenery.
There are also direct flights to Dubbo from Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Newcastle and Canberra.
Things To Do in Dubbo
6 of the best things to do in Dubbo
Imagine a city boasting the charm of rural Australian life mixed with rich textured Victorian colonial history… and the expansive wonder of an Afric...
Wildlife Encounters
We know lions, tigers, and sun bears aren't exactly something you would normally equate with many rural Australian cities but Dubbo doesn't play by the rules. Taronga Western Plains Zoo has been inspiring visitors for over 40 years, showcasing hoards of elephants, cheetahs, zebras and even Sumatran tigers along wide expansive enclosures that feel as close to their natural habitat as possible. What makes it so special though is that it's also been designed for maximum close contact (as safely and humanely as possible, of course), fulfilling guest's wildest safari dreams without ever needing to leave the country.
Looking to linger longer? Book a Zoofari Lodge experience to really up the wild factor with a choice of 15 luxurious tent-style accommodations offering animal and bushland views.
Getting to the heart of Australian history doesn't get quite as affecting (and sometimes spooky) as it does at Old Dubbo Gaol. This heritage-listed structure once housed some of the country's most notorious male and female prisoners but now stands as a monument to a bygone early settler era. Twilight Tours introduce the harsh and dark moments of life in the 19th century with an added immersive theatrical twist. Meanwhile, those with a soft spot for the supernatural are invited to join a Beyond The Grave Tour (for 16 year-olds and over), using EMF readers to communicate with spirits of condemned prisoners.
To shake off some of the goal's eerie energy, visit to Dundullimal Homestead, one of the oldest and best-preserved homes from the mid-1800s. The formerly isolated property is open to the public and provides an insight into rustic Australian life, complete with blacksmithing forge, sunken 'cool room' and sandstone stables.
A taste of Africa in Dubbo: the safari experience with heart
Dreaming about going on an ethical African safari? Here's how to experience one in style, in your own backyard. With its large open plain...
Best Time To Visit Dubbo
Dubbo enjoys pleasant weather all year round, however late winter and spring is when the city shines.
The annual DREAM (Dubbo Regional Entertainment Arts and Music) Festival runs each October, providing the stage for a diverse range of curious, quirky and creative events. Travellers to Taronga Western Plains Zoo will appreciate the milder temperate heat from late August to late November.
Choosing Where To Stay in Dubbo
Review: Zoofari Lodges at Western Plains Zoo
Overnight stays at zoos are becoming popular for humans, too. Laura Boness finds out why... A panic button is not a feature of most hotel bathrooms. ...
Much like Dubbo itself, the accommodation options here range from the quaint and historic, such as Ranelagh Bed and Breakfast, to all-out zoological adventures straight from Out Of Africa, at Taronga Western Plains Zoo. Both offering their own takes on luxury experiences, with Ranelagh serving up traditional colonial-inspired décor and lush country gardens. While, Zoofari has priceless views of free-roaming giraffe and antelopes directly from your deck.
Hotels and self-contained
Families looking for that perfect mix between offbeat safari experience and the flexibility a self-contained apartment will love the Savannah Cabins at Taronga Western Plains Zoo. Each cabin sleeps up to 6 people and contains a full kitchen ready for cooking at home. The best part? Most Savannah cottage packages include zoo entry in the price so you can come and go as freely as the animals.
Quest Serviced Apartments provides a relaxed well-appointed haven for those keen to enjoy everything the centre of town has to offer, with Old Dubbo Gaol, Dubbo Regional Theatre and Japanese Gardens situated close by.
Camping and Glamping
Taronga Western Plains Zoo offers an affordable camping option but not as you know it. Billabong Camp on the zoo's new 'Pride Lands' has everything a couple or family could need to feel off-grid without roughing it too much. Each three-man tent includes all bedding, welcome drinks, dinner and supper, buffet breakfast and two day entry to the zoo. Extra excitement comes at dusk with the lions roaring at the sky as the soundtrack.
Dubbo Tours and Packages
While there's plenty to enjoy in Dubbo, if you're up for short half-hour drive you'll be rewarded with a mysterious calcite cave system in the town of Wellington. Wellington Caves and Phosphate Mine runs daily exploration tours through Cathedral Cave, the Gaden Cave and Phosphate Mine, which also houses ancient megafauna fossils.
On completely the opposite end of the scale Dubbo Observatory Tour invites budding astronomers on an entertaining 75-minute guide to the galaxies and planets often not visible to the naked eye.
Top Places To Eat in Dubbo
A full days safari calls for a hot breakfast and according to locals the best place in town to fuel up is Press located on Bultje Street and famous for its deluxe bacon, blue cheese and avocado roll. Though it's not just about the food, here a lush jungle-inspired seating area awaits, setting the scene for a perfect morning.
Eager to finish see the day off in style? After a long walk through the zoo you definitely deserve it. Book a table at Veldt Restaurant, also on Bultje Street. Veldt is often regarded as Dubbo's top eatery thanks to its artfully presented dishes and second-to-none service.
Other places worth exploring in NSW's central west


Share A.C. with another school in your area on the same day. A.C.'s fee is cut nearly in HALF for your school if you share A.C. with another school. He can speak at your school in the morning, a neighboring school in the afternoon and then catch a flight home. When A.C. speaks to more students, you save money. It's a win for everyone. He is super easy to promote to other schools and decision makers...just forward them a link to www.acspeaks.com and share your plan.
Check with your school administration for funding from the Associated Student Body fund. For teacher in-service programs, ask about Staff Development -- Title VI funding.
Plan to integrate and highlight A.C. into a major theme such as cultural awareness week, health day, Red Ribbon Week, etc. Depending on your theme, federal grant money might be available. For example, Safe and Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act (SDFSCA) might approve a funding request for a speaker who addresses alcohol and drug prevention, sexual abstinence, tobacco use, teen pregnancy, gangs, crime and violence prevention. Check with your school district or federal government office to find out who is dispensing these funds in your state. Request an application form.
Apply for other grant monies from your state by contacting your State Department of Human Services and State Department of Education. They can direct you to the correct office -- for example, the Alcohol and Drug Abuse Division. Contact other local agencies in your county that already have grant monies from state agencies. For example, the Criminal Justice Department or Department of Public Safety might have distributed funds into mental health agencies or programs for mentoring youth, etc.
Contact your school's PTO/PTA. Share your plans with them. They are more likely to contribute funds if your plan is well thought out.
Have student leaders contact local business organizations: Rotary Club, Kiwanis, Lions Club, Elks, Chamber of Commerce. Present your plan and request their sponsorship.
Create a win-win situation. Contact several of your larger local businesses, especially those related to services for teens and their families. Ask for the owner, CEO or Community Services Department. If they are willing to help sponsor the speaker, you can exchange the favor by announcing their support to your students and parents.
Invite multiple clubs on campus to participate and help in a fund raising project. A cooperative effort helps students collaborate and learn about the realities of time and effort in acquiring funding in the real world.


The 2001 Season contains 21 episodes that have an average rating of 89.4%.
B-TV explores the topic of obedience with sketches about the biblical characters Gideon, Naaman, and Moses.
To compete with the new Novacom Kids Center, Whit experiments with a massive overhaul to Whit's End and its attractions.
Jack Allen and Whit tell Connie the story of how Whit met his wife in college.
As construction on the new Whit's End nears completion, Whit finds his time stretched to the limit.
Jason Whittaker returns to a missions project he set up months before and finds that things have gone terribly wrong.
OT Action News reports on the story of Deborah and Barak and their battle against the Canaanites.
Mandy Straussberg and Sarah Prachett go camping far from Odyssey and run into an old friend--Jared DeWhite! But Jared's explanation of his disappearance from Odyssey makes them wonder whether or not to believe him.
A S.M.I.L.E. convention at the Timothy Center falls apart when the S.M.I.L.E. leader has a heart attack in the middle of the festivities.
This page was last edited on 14 September 2013, at 13:37.


Tonight in Montreal, Referee Marc Joannette will be celebrating his 1,000th Regular Season NHL Game at the Bell Center when the Detroit Red Wings will be visiting the Montreal Canadiens. Tonight's game is actually Marc's NHL Regular Season Game #1,006 as he worked his official 1,000th game last season on April 4th 2014 in Boston.
Having the privilege of working this assignment with Marc will be Referee Dave Jackson and linesmen Michel Cormier and Pierre Racicot.
The NHLOA would like to congratulate Marc on this achievement and wish him many more.


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palm springs artist tim shockley Archives
Tweaking the Nature of Things
There's more to Tim Shockley's sculpture than its clever twists.
Steven Biller October 2, 2017 Arts & Entertainment
ART You could easily describe Tim Shockley's sculpture as clever and playful, but the closer you get to the art and the artist, the more clearly his ideas reflect a lifelong connection to where he is from: a 5-acre ranch in Indio Hills. "It has everything to do with who I am and how I approach art," he says as
artpalm springs artist tim shockley


Despite a jump in the number of children participating in summer meal programs, Texas still lags when it comes to feeding children at risk of food insecurity when they're not in school, according to a report released Monday.
Despite a significant jump in the number of children participating in summer meal programs, Texas still lags when it comes to feeding children at risk of food insecurity when they're not in school, according to a report released Monday by the Food Research and Action Center, a nutrition-focused nonprofit based in Washington, D.C.
Last year, about 11 percent of Texas children who participated in free and reduced-price meal programs during the school year also did so in the summer, with more than 685,000 Texas children who were eligible missing out on free and reduced-price meals during the summer. Although 17 percent more children participated in the summer meal program than in 2011, according to the report, Texas' participation rate still ranked behind the national average, 14.3 percent.
"The need is just so immense because there are so many low-income kids in our schools," said Rachel Cooper, a policy analyst at the Center for Public Policy Priorities, a left-leaning think tank.
In the school year, children can usually receive free and reduced-price meals at schools. But once schools close for the summer, it is often harder for those same children to access healthy meals, said JC Dwyer, the senior director of policy and communications for Texas Food Bank Network, in a media conference call Monday.
Local agencies that serve those meals in the summer can receive federal reimbursement for each child served. But often those agencies struggle with "the logistics of the program," Dwyer said, making it difficult for them fund and serve summer meals.
"These are not simple federal programs to deal with," he added.
The 17 percent increase in Texas' participation rate was the fifth-greatest of any state mentioned in the report: only Arizona, Indiana, Oklahoma and Vermont had larger increases in summer program enrollments. Oklahoma ranked the lowest in terms of overall child enrollment in summer free and reduced meal programs.
About 2.36 million children in Texas participate in free and reduced-price meal programs in the school year, according to the report. Children from "food insecure" families — families that regularly worry about being able to find enough food — face greater risk of obesity and other health problems, because unhealthy foods are cheaper, according to the report. Children who receive free and reduced meals in the school year but not in summer can gain weight two or three times faster in the summer than they do in the school year, according to the report.
About 18.7 percent of Texas families struggle to afford food, according to a report released Monday by Feeding America, a nonprofit aimed to combat hunger. The national average is 16.4 percent.
Funds for free and reduced meals come from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, which distributes the money to the Texas Department of Agriculture. TDA then licenses and reimburses any local agencies that sponsor summer meal programs.
Children can sometimes get food at summer schools, which typically go through June, but once those end, "participation drops off," Cooper said in the same media call. "Sites close, and there's no place for our kids to go to get help, even though they desperately need it."
The lack of summer programs for children makes it harder to set up distribution sites for free and reduced meals, Cooper later told the Tribune.


text:
Die Stadtkirche Drebkau ist das Kirchengebäude der Stadt Drebkau im Landkreis Spree-Neiße in Brandenburg. Es gehört der Kirchengemeinde Drebkau-Steinitz-Kausche im Kirchenkreis Cottbus, der Teil der Evangelischen Kirche Berlin-Brandenburg-schlesische Oberlausitz ist, und steht unter Denkmalschutz.

Architektur und Geschichte
Die Stadt Drebkau hatte im Laufe ihrer Geschichte verschiedene Kirchengebäude, die jeweils durch Brände zerstört wurden. Im Jahr 1805 erhielt die damalige Kirche, ein Bau im Stil des Spätbarock, einen Westturm mit quadratischem Unterteil und einem achteckigen Glockengeschoss. Der Aufsatz ist mit einer Doppelhaube mit Laterne bekrönt. Das Kirchenschiff wurde in den Jahren 1809 und 1810 unter Einbeziehung des vorhandenen Turms neu gebaut. Das Kirchenschiff ist durch Putzvorlagen gegliedert und hat einen Dreiachtelschluss. Die Fenster sowie die Eingangsportale sind korbbogig.

Der Innenraum der Kirche ist flachgedeckt, in der Kirche befindet sich eine Hufeisenempore. Auf der Westempore steht ein Orgelprospekt aus der Bauzeit. Im Jahr 1909 baute der Sorauer Orgelbauer Gustav Heinze eine neue Orgel unter Beibehaltung des alten Prospekts. Die zweimanualige Orgel hat 16 Register. 1952 wurde das Instrument von der Firma Alexander Schuke Potsdam Orgelbau restauriert, 2005 wurde die Orgel erneut überarbeitet. Der ursprüngliche Altar wurde während des Zweiten Weltkrieges durch Kriegseinwirkung zerstört.

Literatur
 Georg Dehio: Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler: Brandenburg. Bearbeitet von Gerhard Vinken und anderen, durchgesehen von Barbara Rimpel. Deutscher Kunstverlag, München/Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-422-03123-4, S. 259.

Weblinks

 Kirchengemeinde Drebkau-Steinitz-Kausche

Einzelnachweise

Kirchengebäude in Drebkau
Baudenkmal in Drebkau
Kirchengebäude des Evangelischen Kirchenkreises Cottbus
Saalkirche
Barockbauwerk in Brandenburg
Barocke Kirche
Erbaut in den 1800er Jahren
Kirchengebäude in Europa

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


LOUGHBOROUGH Outwoods U13 came up 12 runs short in an exciting encounter with Barrow.
Bowling first Outwoods' bowlers were in amongst the wickets early on, with Boath bowling a very fiery opening spell.
A good contest followed, with Outwoods fielding well and Danny Bates picking up 3 for 10, in a tidy spell.
Barrow reaching a competitive 96 for 7 at the end of their 20 overs, thanks mainly to 19 not out from Nightingale.
In reply Outwoods lost both openers early as Jack Bassford caught at gully and Bates was unfortunately run out – Boath being dropped, the fielder recovered excellently to return a throw over the stumps.
Boath made the best of his luck, and continued with some superb drives, to retire on 28.
On his departure, runs were hard to find for the Outwoods middle order due to tight bowling from Barrow's Lodhia and Hughes.
Some lusty blows from Aaron Laver late in the day gave Outwoods hope, but it was not quite enough with the home side falling just 12 runs short.


WOAPA is a part-time Theatre School in Witney Oxfordshire for children aged 4–16 years from areas Faringdon, Witney, Burford, Carterton, Chipping Norton, Oxford, Eynsham, Woodstock and Abingdon, which operates at evenings and weekends during the standard academic term. Providing quality tuition in the three disciplines of Singing, Dance and Drama classes in Witney, our classes ensure that each child receives the individual attention they deserve.
*For children across all areas of Oxfordshire, including Faringdon, Burford, Carterton, Eynsham and beyond.
Our Performing Arts Classes in Witney are led by experienced and enthusiastic tutors whose skills in working with young people enable our students to develop at their own pace, and encourage them to reach their true potential.
Each week, students attend three, 1-hour sessions of drama, singing and dance classes in Witney.
We offer dance sessions for kids from Enstone, Eynsham, Faringdon, Fawler and Fifield as well as areas such as Filkins and Broughton Poggs, Finstock, Freeland and Fulbrook. WOAPA students may also come from Glympton, Grafton and Radcot, Great Tew, Hailey and Hanborough, as well as Hardwick with Yelford, Heythrop and Holwell, with Idbury, Kelmscott, Kencot, Kiddington with Asterleigh.
If you live in or around the Oxfordshire areas of Witney, Burford, Faringon, Carterton, Chipping Norton, Oxford, Eynsham, Woodstock and Abingdon, WOAPA is for you!


Your pal built a treehouse in his backyard and started a club called The Treehouse Gang. To become a member, you must learn the six gestures of the club's secret signal. If it takes you too long, you'll be grounded for missing your "be home before the streetlights come on" curfew.
Fortunately…it won't be dark for a while.
Can you learn the club signal to become a member?


text:
Hitman 2 Elusive Target 4 allows players to take out a dodgy politician
Adam Speight Friday, March 08, 2019
Hitman 2 Elusive Target 4 is out now. IO Interactive's fourth entry into the Elusive Target series is available to all for free and entrusts players with taking down a politician. Players who download the Free Starter Pack are amongst those who will gain access to the target. The Free Starter Pack includes the map Hawke's Bay, set in New Zealand, the location of the Elusive Target 4.
The Hitman 2 Elusive Target 4 is named Dame Barbara Elizabeth Keating (aka The Politician). Dame Barbara is a former New Zealand Minister of Trade and Foreign Affairs but was forced to resign when it was discovered she was using her charity to launder funds to offshore bank accounts. Dame Barbara managed to divert blame onto the director of the charity and is now looking to rebuild her reputation. The player will have to tangle with Dame Barbara's use of a body double to protect herself. Players get one opportunity to "permanently put her deceptive ways to an end" between today and March 18.
Hitman 2's Elusive Target series gained significant popularity upon its inception. This was mainly due to the inclusion of Sean Bean as Elusive Target 1. Sean Bean voiced and lent his likeness to Mark Faba (aka The Undying). The mission featured a ton of references to Sean Bean's movie career, with a scene in the mission itself being about all the ways someone could kill Faba.
Hitman 2 was released on November 13, 2018, and IO Interactive continues to release content for the title. A bonus episode at the end of January saw players return to Hokkaido, a mission from the 2016 installment of Hitman. An update was launched alongside the bonus episode and included a whole raft of changes to the Agent 47 sequel.
Hitman 2 Elusive Target 4 is available now on the PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and PC. You can watch a trailer for the new Dame Barbara-centric mission below.
Tags: hitman 2, io interactive, PC, PS4, Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment, Xbox One


text:
futurist forum
You Won't Recognize Your Dinner In 50 Years (But Don't Worry, It's Still Food)
Echoes of Soylent. But more colorful.
By Adele Peters 2 minute Read
Scientists have already proven it's possible to grow a burger in the lab using a few cells from a cow. Someday, it might also be possible to grow food from fake plastic cells–and get all of the nutrition we need without relying on nature or a farm.
A new project from designer Johanna Schmeer imagines what that food might look like in the future. She designed seven different products to provide everything we theoretically need to survive: water, vitamins, fiber, sugar, fat, protein, and minerals. Bioplastic cells filled with enzymes would mimic natural cells and pump out lovely delicacies like protein paste.
The designs were inspired by scientific research published earlier this year that showed, for the first time, that it is possible to make a plastic cell that can carry out a chemical reaction. Eventually, the authors of the study think they'll be able to create a bioplastic cell that looks and works pretty much like the real thing.
That's not to say any of this is a sure thing yet. "It's a purely conceptual project, and it's not technically possible today to make this concept a reality," says Schmeer. "But the project is based on scientific research that is happening today, and it is something that might be possible in 40 to 50 years."
The designer wanted to show what it might be like to eat fake food–and what might make the experience potentially as good as eating the real thing.
"What we perceive as the taste of food is actually a combination of what we see, touch, smell, and taste," Schmeer explains. "So instead of trying to imitate traditional food, which might not be possible in a satisfactory way, maybe a new, artificial sensuality would need to be found for this type of food–by, for example, placing an emphasis on the visual and tactile senses."
In one of her products, a set of bright green nozzles drizzles syrup from a spongy white shape that looks a little like a giant peanut. Another device sprays out a cloud of red vitamins, while a third product squirts out protein from a tiny pouch. Each of the products are shown in action in this video:
At a time when we need to figure out how to feed billions more people by 2050–and increase global food production by 70%–maybe there are reasons to consider fake food. Still, the designer says she isn't advocating for it; she just wanted to get people to think about the possibilities.
"I am not proposing this as a solution or something that should happen," she says. "Instead the project aims at creating discussions about the possible future use of bio-functional materials in domestic products and about potential applications, like the production of food."
"Producing food is just one example of what enzyme-enhanced products with biological functions could do," she adds. "Other functions could be producing biological light, or improving air quality."
Adele Peters is a staff writer at Fast Company who focuses on solutions to some of the world's largest problems, from climate change to homelessness. Previously, she worked with GOOD, BioLite, and the Sustainable Products and Solutions program at UC Berkeley.


text:
Урдарі () — село у повіті Горж в Румунії. Адміністративний центр комуни Урдарі.

Село розташоване на відстані 225 км на захід від Бухареста, 26 км на південь від Тиргу-Жіу, 66 км на північний захід від Крайови.

Населення
За даними перепису населення 2002 року у селі проживали  осіб, усі — румуни. Усі жителі села рідною мовою назвали румунську.

Примітки

Села повіту Горж


text:
SSG Michael W. Hosey - 3rd Battalion, 1st SFG (A)
Thread starter Ravage
in Wonderland, with my Alice
http://www.soc.mil/UNS/Releases/2011/September/110919-01.html
JOINT BASE LEWIS MCCHORD, Wash.(USASOC News Service, Sept. 19, 2011) – A Soldier assigned to the 1st Special Forces Group (Airborne), Joint Base Lewis-McChord, Washington, was killed in action in Afghanistan on Sept. 17.
Staff Sgt. Michael W. Hosey, assigned to 3rd Battalion, 1st SFG (A) was killed in a firefight with insurgents.
Hosey, 27, a native of Ala., joined the Army in 2001 as a communications intelligence specialist.
Hosey is survived by his mother, Condi Hosey and father Michael Fred.
For more information, the media may contact the 1st Special Forces Group (Airborne) Public Affairs Office at 253-967-2817.
well preserved
Rest In Peace, young warrior. Prayers to his family.
Nasty-Dirty-Canuck
Land of Swine and Maple Syrup
RIP.
MilkTruckCoPilot
SOT-A & fries
That's the 2nd SOT-A lost from 3/1. Blue skies brother.
Paratrooper
Wrong side of heaven, righteous side of hell
R.I.P. warrior.
I am sure you gave them hell before you left us brother. DOL! RIP!
Rest in peace, Staff Sergeant.
R.I.P Warrior
Rest in peace SSG Hosey
Blue Skies.
Ft. lewis
Mike, was a good man I had the pleasure of knowing him. RIP Bro.
gits said:
My condolences Gits.
RIP, Warrior.
SSSO 1&2/Plank Owner
Red dot in a blue state
Rest in Peace SSG Hosey, we shall not forget your sacrifice. Condolences to your Brothers and your family.
ÉIREGOBRÁCH1922
Cill Chainnigh - Kilkenny, Éire.
May He Rest In Peace!
moobob
Capsizing islands...
murica
Catalyst.
in the ebb and flow.
RIP, Godspeed, PBS....
Warchief
The Lone Star State
RIP Warrior. Prayers out to Family and Teammates.
Red Flag 1
Rest In God's Peace Warrior.
Teammates remember caring Soldier
Staff Sergeant Michael Wesley Hosey was the type of guy that could always make you smile.
That's how friends and Family remembered him at a memorial at North Fort Chapel last Wednesday. The 3rd Battalion, 1st Special Forces Group Soldier died on Sept. 17 in Uruzgan Province, Afghanistan when insurgents attacked his unit with small arms fire.
He is survived by his parents, Michael and Condi Hosey, and his sister, Laurie Brookshire.
Hosey, 27, from Birmingham, Ala., joined the Army immediately after graduating high school in 2001. He'd always wanted to join the military, a high school classmate told the Birmingham News, and would come to school in uniform on days when students were allowed to wear costumes.
After basic training, Hosey attended the Defense Language Institute's Korean program at the Presidio of Monterey, Calif. and then advanced individual training at Goodfellow Air Force Base in San Angelo, Texas before being assigned to the 304th Military Intelligence Battalion, 111th Military Intelligence Brigade at Fort Huachuca, Ariz.
He came to 1st SFG in 2005 where he served as a team member on Special Operations Team-Alpha 1302.
His teammates remember him as intelligent and caring — dedicated to his job but always able to lighten the mood.
"I've known Mike a long time and had the privilege of having him on my team during Iraq and Afghanistan rotations and couldn't ask for anyone better to be a part of our team," Sgt. 1st Class Michael Erb said at the memorial.
Erb particularly remembered being the victim of Hosey's extended hugs.
"Those hugs would last forever, until somebody got uncomfortable," he said. "Usually it was the other person."
Others recalled his artistic outlet — SOT-A's tradition of "trashing" outgoing Soldiers with what Sgt. 1st Class Andrew Scott called "the most disgusting substances we can find" — or finding their berets frozen in blocks of ice moments before formation.
"Mike would get you, and he would get you good, but you could never be mad at his smiling face for long," Staff Sgt. Brian Garoutte said.
In remarks sent from downrange, Sgt. 1st Class Ed Brooks remembered a stiflingly hot day in Sinjar, Iraq when the tempers were high. The team had decided to make an extra effort to be nice to each other.
"Hosey woke up like a kid on Christmas, zoned in on our interpreter and started saying over-enthusiastically, 'You look great, Dave! I'm so glad to be working with you! Is that a new deodorant? You smell great!'" Brooks wrote.
"Five hours later Hosey was following Dave and Aaron around with a permanent smile on his face, raining compliment after compliment until Aaron starts shouting, 'Enough Nice Day! This was a terrible idea!'" he said. "Hosey responds, 'You really sound manly when you yell. You're such a good leader, and you smell so clean!'"
Hosey planned to get out of the Army and become a paramedic — an ambition Erb said exemplified his compassion.
"He would have made an excellent paramedic, but I guess he had one more mission to accomplish in being with his buddies on the front lines before he could move on," he said. "None of us will ever forget him."
Hosey's awards and decorations include the Army Commendation Medal with two oak leaf clusters, the Army Achievement Medal with one oak leaf cluster, the Army Good Conduct Medal with bronze clasp (two loops), the National Defense Service Medal, the Afghanistan Campaign Medal with campaign star, and the Iraq campaign medal with campaign star.
He was posthumously awarded the Meritorious Service Medal, the Purple Heart and the Bronze Star Medal. This was his fourth deployment.
Hosey was the third 1st SFG Soldier to be killed during this deployment to Afghanistan.
US Army identifies Green Beret killed in Afghanistan
Gordus
Sgt. 1st Class Eric Michael Emond 1/3rd SFG
Master Sergeant Luis F. Deleon-Figueroa 1/7 SFG (A)
MikeDelta
MSG. Michael B. Riley 10th SFG(A)


GREAT LOCATION, BEAUTIFUL UPGRADED KITCHEN, NEW FLOORING AND LOTS OF SUNLIGHT MAKE "AFTER DUNE DELIGHT" A TOP CHOICE FOR YOUR BEACH VACATION!
"After Dune Delight" is a spacious beach home perfect for your family vacation, reunion or even a corporate/church retreat. Enjoy ocean views from the front decks and fantastic "never forgotten" sunsets over the landscape of the wildlife refuge behind the house. The upper level great room, with its wall of windows and vaulted ceilings, is ideal for large gatherings. The bright and open kitchen has stainless steel appliances, two dishwashers and a center island to make preparing meals easy and fun. A second gathering area/family room on the ground floor offers a 50 inch Flat Screen TV and a selection of games. It's the ideal place to cool off after an exciting day at the beach.
This home has 9 bedrooms (5 with private bath), an indoor jacuzzi tub, and many large open and covered decks. We've added "dolphin and bird watching" chairs to the decks for incredible glimpses of playful dolphins and migratory birds. (Bird and dolphin watchers, bring your binoculars!). There is plenty of space in this 3800 sq. ft. home to gather as a group or to find your own cozy retreat. The fourth row location grants privacy for enjoying the afternoon sun around the large fenced in-ground swimming pool. Conveniently located adjacent to shops and the general store, and with direct access to a lifeguarded beach, you won't need your car once you arrive! There is ample parking to accommodate 6 to 8 cars for your convenience!
CAC, 32 inch Flat Screen TVs in EVERY BEDROOM! stereo/CD, DVD's, wireless internet access (bring your laptop), 2 dishwashers, 2 refrigerators, 2 microwaves, inground pool, enclosed hot and cold shower, gas grill. Memory foam mattresses in all bedrooms, except bunk beds.
Bed Sizes: Br1- King, Br2 - 2 Twins, Br3 - King, Br4 - 2 Bunksets (Twin/Twin), Br5 - Queen, Br6 - Queen, Br7 - 2 Twins, Br8 - Queen, Br9 - Queen"


text:
Q: Saving redux store to localstorage - with lit-element Currently I'm trying to store a subset of my redux-state to localstorage. I was using the documentation from PWA Starter Kit to implement a basic storage, which works fine for now, but this only saves the complete state to the localstorage.
This isn't exactly what I want, because as mentioned, I only want to store a subset, like some specific action results (e.g. state.settings instead of state).
Every documentation and examples only store the complete state, I haven't found any comment that fits my need.
My current implementation
redux-store.js
import {
  createStore,
  applyMiddleware,
  compose as origCompose,
  combineReducers
} from 'redux';
import thunk from 'redux-thunk';
import { lazyReducerEnhancer } from 'pwa-helpers/lazy-reducer-enhancer';
import { loadState, saveState } from './redux-localstorage';

import applicationReducer from './reducers/application-reducer';

export const store = createStore(
  (state, action) => state,
  loadState(),
  compose(lazyReducerEnhancer(combineReducers), applyMiddleware(thunk))
);

export default store;

store.addReducers({
  applicationReducer
});

store.subscribe(() => {
  saveState(store.getState());
});

redux-localstorage.js
const STORAGE = '__RDX_STORAGE_TEST__';

export const saveState = state => {
  const json = localStorage.getItem(STORAGE) || '{}';
  const stringifiedNewState = JSON.stringify(state);

  if (stringifiedNewState !== json && stringifiedNewState !== '{}') {
    localStorage.setItem(STORAGE, stringifiedNewState);
  }
};

export const loadState = () => {
  const json = localStorage.getItem(STORAGE) || '{}';
  const state = JSON.parse(json);
  return state || undefined;
};

So, my question is: is this even possible? If yes, how can I achive this?
Thanks a lot.

A: Using the basic PWA Starter Kit as a base, if for example you wanted to store the shop state and the counter state but not the app state, you could do something like this:

const STORAGE = '__RDX_STORAGE_TEST__';

export const saveState = state => {
  const json = localStorage.getItem(STORAGE) || '{}';
  // take only the parts we need
  const {shop, counter} = state;
  const stringifiedNewState = JSON.stringify({shop, counter});

  if (stringifiedNewState !== json && stringifiedNewState !== '{}') {
    localStorage.setItem(STORAGE, stringifiedNewState);
  }
};

export const loadState = () => {
  const json = localStorage.getItem(STORAGE) || '{}';
  const state = JSON.parse(json);
  return state || undefined;
};

This way only those two sections will be written to localStorage

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


"Dear Spices of India, I placed my 1st order with you recently to the value of £30 and i was really pleased with your service. Everything I ordered was of excellent quality and next time I need a big order I will definitely be shopping with you again. I was so impressed with your service that i have recommended you to all my friends and relatives and told them what a great, professional and easy to use site you have. Thanks for your great quality and efficient service."


text:
Saffron Walden
Tim Roper
Councillor for Writtle (Chelmsford City Council)
Tim is married, with three daughters, and has lived in Writtle for the past 26 years having spent his early life in Ingatestone, then part of Chelmsford Rural District Council. Education at Brentwood School was followed by National Service in the Royal Army Service Corps.
Retired, he spent most of his working life in the agricultural industry starting in the Corn & Agricultural Merchanting business of Hasler & Co. Ltd. (later absorbed into RHM Ltd.) and, for the last 26 years, as Senior Group Secretary for the Chelmsford, Maldon & Southminster Branches of the National Farmers' Union. This work brought him into contact with a number of departments in local government.
He has been a member of the Cabinet on Chelmsford City Council since 2007 and previously served as Vice Chairman of the Planning Committee.
He is a Rotarian, member of the Writtle Society and the Friends of Hylands House. Having lived and worked in the area for most of his life, Tim believes he can use his experience, local knowledge and common sense for the benefit of the Writtle community.
John Galley
Councillor for Boreham & The Leighs (Chelmsford City Council)
John has lived in Boreham for thirty three years, is married to Jackie and they have two grown up children and two grandchildren. For twenty eight years he worked in banking for both Coutts and NatWest.
Nicolette Chambers
Councillor for Chelmsford Rural West (Chelmsford City Council)
Nicolette Chambers has lived in Chelmsford Rural West for many years. She was elected to Chelmsford Borough Council in 2003. For the last eight years Nicolette has served on the Planning committee, Development Policy committee, the Constitution Panel and the Standards committee. She became a cabinet member in 2008 acquiring the portfolio for Corporate Services.
Barry Knight
Councillor for Broomfield & The Walthams (Chelmsford City Council)
Mike Steel
James Raven
Malcolm Watson
Help us take action on local issues and build a better Britain.
tim.roper
@chelmsford.gov.uk
Saffron Walden Constituency Conservative Association
Promoted by Anthony Russell on behalf of Saffron Walden Constituency Conservative Association, both of The Old Armoury, 3 Museum Street, Saffron Walden, CB10 1JN
Copyright 2020 Saffron Walden Constituency Conservative Association . All rights reserved.


text:
using System;
using System.Linq;
using UISleuth.Messages;
using UISleuth.Networking;
using UISleuth.Reflection;
using UISleuth.Widgets;

namespace UISleuth.Reactions
{
    internal class GetObjectReaction : GetPropertiesReaction
    {
        protected override void OnExecute(UIMessageContext ctx)
        {
            if (ctx.Request == null) return;

            var req = ctx.Get<GetObjectRequest>();
            if (req == null) return;

            var props = GetUIProperties(req.WidgetId, true, req.Path);

            if (!props.Any())
            {
                return;
            }

            var prop = props[0];
            if (prop.UIType.Descriptor.HasFlag(UIPropertyDescriptors.Enumerable))
            {
                if (prop.UIType.Descriptor.HasFlag(UIPropertyDescriptors.Enumerable))
                {
                    // grab index value; if null, return without creating an ObjectResponse.
                    var index = ReflectionMethods.GetIndexerValue(req.Path[0]);
                    if (index == null) return;

                    var item = ReflectionMethods.GetItem(prop.Value, index.Value);
                    prop.Value = GetUIProperties(item);
                }
            }

            prop.Path = req.Path?.Union(prop.Path)?.ToArray();
            var cantCast = SetPath(prop.Value, req.Path);

            ctx.SetResponse<ObjectResponse>(res =>
            {
                res.UnknownCondition = cantCast;
                res.Property = prop;
                res.WidgetId = req.WidgetId;
                res.ObjectName = UIProperty.GetLastPath(req.Path);
            });
        }

        private bool SetPath(object value, params string[] path)
        {
            try
            {
                var properties = (UIProperty[])value;

                if (properties != null)
                {
                    foreach (var p in properties)
                    {
                        p.Path = path?.Union(p.Path)?.ToArray();
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (InvalidCastException)
            {
                return false;
            }

            return true;
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub