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Home Theoretical Perspectives Behind Role Modelling Psychology Essay
Theoretical Perspectives Behind Role Modelling Psychology Essay
Role model, hero, idol and star are just a few of the terms that can be used to describe highly influential figures in society. The term 'role model' is widely used and has been described by Spencer (1998, p.58) as "an individual whose actions are worthy of imitation." Yancy (1998, p.254) describes a role model to vary from an individual who is "perceived as exemplary, or worthy of imitation" to an individual who inspires individuals or groups of people, through personal contact and relationship (Ingall, 1997). This statement from Ingall can be considered to mean such people as teachers, parents, peers and sporting heroes may be considered as role models.
Another term which is commonly used is 'hero'. The term "hero" is frequently used in the place of, or to describe, role models and originates from the Greek word meaning, "person distinguished for courage, fortitude or deeds, its meaning is adaptable between cultures and through time" (Lines, 2001, p. 287). Andrews and Jackson (2001, p.153) state that a hero is "any person admired for given qualities or achievements."
An 'idol' is quite distinctly similar to a role model as Biskup and Pfister (1999, p.199) briefly put it "idols and models symbolize and reinforce the ideals and norms prevailing in a society or in a specific group." A 'star' is not much different to a role model, hero or idol and this is exemplified by the definition of Whannel (1999, p.258) who says sports stars are "the providers of the magic moments and golden memories that allow their elevation into the heroic and mythic."
Although role models are often excellent displays of character "performing live under unpredictable sporting conditions" (Lines, 2001, p.287), many athletes in recent times have been the subject of scandals or serious reports (Biskup and Pfister, 1999; Brookes, 2002; Hardman, Fleming, Jones and Sheridan, 2005). This means that one day they are said to be highly influential, yet the next said to be setting a poor example (Macauley, 2000; Brookes, 2002). Therefore it is important to note, that role models, heroes and idols, should not be assumed to be solely positive in nature and that the person is worthy of imitation, because they may influence non-participation or deviant behaviour (Payne, Reynolds, Brown and Fleming, 2002). This statement is supported by Whannel (1999) who suggests that this begins a knock-on effect and will increase poor behaviour and possibly even discontinued. Whannel (1999) added to this by saying:
"As surveillance and discipline have become more prominent features of top level sport, the transgressions of sports stars have encountered greater exposure and less tolerance."
(Whannel, 1999, p.261)
However, arguing this point, Bromnick and Swallow (1999) say that without role models in children's lives the effects on the child's development would be severely detrimental.
"Role models are an essential component of the socialization process" (Vescio, Wilde and Crosswhite, 2005) where Calhoun (1987, p.259) describes socialisation as "the process by which we acquire personalities as functioning members of society." This links with the observational learning theory of Bandura (1977, p.22), who explains "most human behaviour is learned observationally through modelling." Furthermore, he continues explaining the observational learning theory and the four processes that tie into this; attentional processes; retention processes; motor reproduction processes and motivational processes, this will be explored in greater depth in the coming section.
Theoretical Perspectives of Role Modelling
In attempting to understand the place of role models and how the mechanism of role modelling appears to operate, this section will discuss theoretical perspectives under three general headings. Two of these will highlight specific theories which provide logical clues as to why role modelling occurs while the third section will briefly mention a few related theories which could, in part, have some additional relevance.
2:3.1 Social Cognitive Theory
This is a theory that has evolved from the original work of Bandura (1977) who put forward a social learning theory. Bandura built on his earlier work with the help of a contemporary, Walter Mischel, who emphasised the cognitive and situational variables associated with human behaviour. It was proposed that there was intra-individual cognition which encouraged Bandura (1986) to extend his own work on observational learning and self-regulation.
Bandura (1977) noted in his earlier work, that the task of learning would be a most tedious task if there was reliance solely on the effects of the learner's own actions. Most learning is, therefore, learned from observation and hence relies to a large extent on the influence of role models. There are four processes attached to social learning Attentional process, Retention process, Motor reproduction process, Motivational process (appendix 1).
The above processes have specific and important practical applications in the sport and physical activity sphere. The communication approach by the model, the symbolic representations of words and images, and the precise processes of interpreting and observing cues plus the factors which motivate behaviour can all be applied in the understanding of individuals' subsequent involvement in physical activity see appendix 1.
2:3.2 Self-Efficacy Theory
The effectiveness of models to influence learners to actually carry out a particular type of behaviour may also be dependent on the characteristics of these models (Bandura, 1997). If a model is similar, rather than dissimilar, to a learner and demonstrates a highly skilled activity, there is more chance for the learner to be motivated. This type of behavioural mechanism can be associated with Bandura's self-efficacy theory which is a competency based theory that has been applied to over 100 studies (McCauley & Mihalko, 1998). There are three mediating factors associated with this theory, Self-efficacy expectancy, Outcome expectancy, Outcome value (appendix 2).
The above theory is particularly useful to explain the performance of motor skills but it also has relevance to physical activity involvement. Bandura (1997) has indicated that women are especially inclined to operate on their beliefs of physical efficacy and that the producers of sport videos often neglect the benefits of assumed similarity and subsequently portray superstars in examples of athletic performances.
2.3.3 Other Useful Frameworks
Several other theoretic frameworks may also have some relevance with regards to a learner's decision to model another person's behaviour. Some of these may relate to some aspect of stage theories where behaviour may be more likely to occur according to the stage at which a learner has reached (Prochaska & Marcus, 1994) (appendix 3).
Similarly, such theories as the health belief model (appendix 4) or the theory of planned behaviour (appendix 5) may also contain applicable sections to provide a further understanding of role modelling behaviour (Champion, 1984; Glanz, Rimer, & Lewis, 2002). However, Buckworth & Dishman, (2002) claim that it would be somewhat restrictive if the approach to role modelling in sport and physical activity were attacked solely from the perspective of one theory or framework. The further analysis of current perspectives may subsequently result in the development of an improved approach which is more appropriate for studying the world of physical education, physical activity, sport and recreation.
Role Models and Children
For many children, having a role model can allow them to dream and aspire to be like their favourite idol as Biskup and Pfister (1999, p.199) say role models "are the substance from which dreams are made", and White and O'Brien (1999, p.83) support this by stating "for children, heroes, with their accompanying myths and legends, are part of the material from which their dreams and drama are derived."
The role models who influence children and adolescents tend to change over time
(Glover, 1978), numerous sources have found previously that children copy not only sports persons, but family members, friends, teachers and even their peers (French & Pena, 1991;
Biskup and Pfister, 1999; Payne, Reynolds, Brown and Fleming, 2002). However, it has been argued that children are very young and thus are more vulnerable to choosing role models which are completely unsuited to them and in which their parents totally disagree with (Bromnick and Swallow, 1999). The transition from early childhood into adolescence brings about many changes, not least the children's ideals of who they see as their role model. Vescio, Wilde and Crosswhite (2005) explain that as children grow older and begin to seek independence from their family, significant others become more important to them than their parents. However French & Pena (1991) suggests that parents, friends and teachers may still be seen as role models during the adolescent and adult years, especially for females.
In direct opposition to this, it has been claimed that "regardless of the age level family members, particularly parents, were the people most identified as heroes" (White and O'Brien, 1999, p.91). White and O'Brien (1999) continue in their tirade against national figures as role models to children, and they conclude from their study that the participants they questioned, actually named people who display good morals as role models and not the famous celebrities who have made it to where they are now through the fame and fortune of the entertainment business.
Children are very often known to adopt a very different kind of role model in the form of an entertainment figure, who along with the sports hero, are evidently providing children with a good role model to idolise and someone to identify with (Virtapohja, 1998).
However, there is no doubt that sportsmen and sportswomen have an astounding effect on the way we act out our lives (House of Commons, 2004) and the sporting heroes that we, as a nation, identify with reflect how we see ourselves (White and O'Brien, 1999). Sports stars are allocated the label of role model because of their behaviour both in and out of the world of sport (Woods, 1998) and it has been said by the House of Commons (2004, p.42) that the manner in which they go about their lives can have a "strong and pervasive" influence on others around them.
Moreover, recent research from Virtapohja (1998, p.20) has suggested that "sports heroes are always seen as representatives of good values. "Teenagers, adolescents and youngsters hold sports people in very high regard and they not unexpectedly placed sporting heroes at the top of the pile with regards to who is most influential in their lives (Bromnick and Swallow, 1999) compared to music artists, film stars and the like. Sports stars are very powerful in their roles and influence children more than any other age group in society (Biskup and Pfister, 1999; Carr and Weigand, 2002; Vescio, Wilde and Crosswhite, 2005).
"the great majority of sports idols have always been male" (Biskup and Pfister, 1999, p.203), and with this comes the assumption that young males will identify with these stars more so than females, because as Vescio, Wilde and Crosswhite (2005, pp. 157-158) state "role models for teenagers were drawn mainly from certain domains: sporting heroes for boys, music artists and entertainers for girls."
Sporting Role Models and the Media
Young people are able to see sporting figures almost everywhere they look, not just on the television and in newspapers, but on the internet, advertising and feature films (Brookes, 2002, p.49). Andrews and Jackson (2005) say the media is where young people are able to identify with their heroes and role models. It is also stated that because of all the media hype surrounding the sports stars, they are often paraded on the pages of the newspapers or hailed by many public figures to be role models for young people (Andrews and Jackson, 2001). It had been said the "sports stars provide audience identification with the sporting spectacle" (Sugden and Tomlinson, 2002, p.207) suggesting that sports heroes are created and idolised because of performances seen live on television.
The media also plays a major part in constructing the sports stars as "villains, fools and heroes" (Lines, 2001, p.285) and due to the extensive coverage that the media gives to sports and the athletes taking part, they can be seen to exemplify athletes as superior to any other being, and this creates our idols and heroes (Virtapohja, 1998). Payne, Reynolds, Brown and Fleming (2002) states that sporting figures are heroes but when they receive increased media attention, more personal details are revealed and their reputation as a role model suffers as a consequence. It is also stated that although sporting personalities receive an extensive amount of recognition in the media, it has been argued by UK Sport (2003, p.5) that the "lack of media coverage remains a key issue for elite women athletes."
Biskup and Pfister (1999) found that athletes were rated last by females in terms of providing role models, while Ewens and Lashuk (1989), found that sportsmen were identified significantly more often than sportswomen as role models. Consequently girls tend to choose screen and magazines personalities as their sources for role model identification (Lines, 2001). Even these sources have limitations, as shown by Jones and Schuman (2000) who found through content analysis of 132 issues and 5874 advertisements in "Sports Illustrated" that 95.6% of the advertisements focused on men. Furthermore, the advertisements were overrepresented by the sports of football, golf and baseball. The findings of the study are credible as the sample was obtained from analysing three issues from each year of print (1955-1998).
The above evidence does seem to suggest that young people, especially males see athletes/ celebrities as role models. The next section will consider the role that sporting personalities play as role models.
Influence of Role Models on Participation in Physical Activity
"One key element to encouraging young people to get involved in sport is to have role models that will encourage them to participate" (Matheson, 2005). Many other researches and studies have been found to exclaim the same notion ( ). Vescio, Wilde and Crosswhite (2004) agrees wholeheartedly suggesting that successful athletes, such as David Beckham, Dame Kelly Holmes, Cathy Freeman and Ian Thorpe, are influential role models who can inspire young people to become or stay involved in sport and physical activity. Weigand (2000) also says that choosing a sporting role model may be far more effective than adopting a parent or a friend as a role model, and may increase motivation possibly to participate in sporting activities.
However, not all sources have the same point of view and another study, coincidentally written by the same authors, claimed that it is questionable if the success of sports stars can actually have the desired effect of enhancing participation of girls in sport and physical activity (Vescio, Wilde and Crosswhite, 2005). The source continues to state that girls who share interests with sporting personalities may be influenced, but those who do not share interests will not be influenced. Echoing this, Sugden and Tomlinson (2002, p.196) explain that "an heroism-villainy continuum provides a basis for the discussion of the social function of sports stars as inspirational role models for young people".
Coakley (2003) supports this as he explains that young people are able to watch sport on TV, listen to others discussing sport and hear about sports stars, and because then they discover the "wealth and fame" (p.130), this can influence young people to participate in sporting activities. He then states, with specific relevance to females, that because of the increased coverage in the media that female sports stars are now experiencing, and with girls able to see or read about their idols on the TV or in newspapers and magazines, this may "encourage girls and women to be active as athletes themselves" (p.244).
Further evidence of the negative actions of heroes and role models is provided by
Lines (2001), who offered a critical discussion of the ways in which sports stars are constructed as role models for young people. The notion that the media play a large role in how a hero/ role model is perceived, encouraged Lines to employ a content and discourse analysis of a range of tabloid and quality of United Kingdom newspapers to explore the actions of role models. Role models were often seen as heroes but as the media intrusion into their lives grew, more non-sporting details are provided which often damages their reputations as positive role models. The increased media attention highlights many of the social problems of everyday life and these heroes are often, "seen using and abusing drugs and alcohol, beating wives and girlfriends, and having extra marital affairs" (Lines, 2001, p. 292). Despite these actions, which failed to match the definition of a hero, sporting personalities were still considered to have an influence on young children as role models.
In contrast, sporting personalities can be negative role models through inappropriate or unlawful actions, which usually receive wide media coverage (Globus, 1998). Even though there is a belief that many sports provide a rich environment in the development of children, there is much empirical evidence which tends to counteract the attitudes and practices of sporting personalities (especially men) promoted in certain sporting cultures (Fitzclarence, Hickey, & Matthews, 1998; Messner & Sabo, 1994). In certain sports, male dominance through the support of patriarchal ideology is very obvious and through the media and other outputs, children tend to model their behaviour on the actions of these sportspeople (Bryson, 1983).
After a detailed analysis of previous research, it can be concluded that role models are an important part of society and on the whole their behaviour is commendable and worthy of idolisation (Virtapohja, 1998). The advantages of having a role model are extremely beneficial to children (Bromnick and Swallow, 1999) and it gives them the opportunity to dream about one day becoming like their favourite star (Biskup and Pfister, 1999; White and O'Brien, 1999).
Summarising the section on role models and children it can be concluded that role models are not necessarily only sporting figures but they could be family members, peers or even teachers (Biskup and Pfister, 1999; Payne, Reynolds, Brown and Fleming, 2002). For younger children their role models tend to be an immediate family member (White and O'Brien, 1999) but as children grow from their younger years into adolescence and then into adulthood, they look almost exclusively outside the family home for inspiration (Vescio, Wilde and Crosswhite, 2005), with sporting figures being a dominant choice for many teenagers in society in particular males.
It can also be concluded that the media plays a major role in how sports are perceived by the public (Andrews and Jackson, 2001) especially young children. The coverage they receive is enormous, thus producing a larger likelihood of people seeing and copying the images seen on TV, in newspapers or on the internet.
Finally, the influence that sports stars have on participation can be seen to be positive in many lights (Weigand, 2000). Considering what previous studies and previous researchers have found, it is fairly evident that a large proportion of young people identify with sporting figures and this in turn influence many people to participate in their chosen activity (Vescio, Wilde and Crosswhite, 2004).
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Oxnard to give grocery, drug store workers $1,000 from federal COVID-19 relief funds
Wes Woods II
Ventura County Star
Grocery and drug store workers will see an extra $1,000 in their wallets now that Oxnard has approved the spending of $2.5 million in federal COVID relief funds.
The Oxnard City Council voted 6-0 Tuesday to allocate the money to both full- and part-time workers.
Councilwoman Vianey Lopez called it "hero pay" for essential workers who have not been able to enjoy the safety of working from home for the past 15 months during the pandemic.
There's those in our labor workforce who have not had that option," Lopez said. "Those do include our grocery workers, our essential workers who have helped us adjust our lifestyles as we were all spending more time at home, less time out in public."
Long Beach was the first California city to approve hero pay during the pandemic, but it did so by requiring grocers to pay employees an extra $4 per hour if they have more than 300 employees nationwide and at least 15 employees in the city, setting itself up for potential lawsuits, Long Beach because of the pandemic, according to a staff report.
Lopez said city staff proposed an alternative "gratitude program" that uses American Rescue Plan Act funds rather than forcing employers to pay. The program gives money to workers in both chain stores and smaller markets.
Speakers, including grocery store workers, were unanimous in their support of the program.
Lucy Gilbertson, a single mother who works at Vons, was appreciative of the proposed payment.
More:'She wanted the American Dream:' Family members recall Oxnard mother of two
"This is awesome what they're doing for grocery workers, front-line workers, and everybody that risks their lives every day that goes to work," Gilbertson said. "It shows us that we didn't just go to work every day and risk our lives for nothing. It's gratitude, it really is."
Becky Ayala, an Oxnard resident who also works at Vons, said she gave customers great service despite being worried about her health. She was also worried about her elderly brother, who has underlying health conditions.
"I stuck with it the whole way," Ayala said. "In addition to the landlords and raising rent and financial burden we kept that smile on our face helping our customers," she said. "We gave it our best."
The original proposal was for $2 million to be distributed only to full-time grocery store workers. After a discussion, the City Council agreed to increase the relief funding to $2.5 million so part-timers and drug store workers could be included.
Mayor John Zaragoza was absent from Tuesday's meeting because of a family emergency.
The Last Temptation: Otis Williams reflects on life in the most successful singing group Controversial Reawaken America rally moved to Salem after central Oregon mask uproar More than 1,700 native trees planted on exposed lakebed next to Salton Sea Former Olympic High cheer coach pleads guilty to sexual misconduct with students
Wes Woods II covers West County for the Ventura County Star. Reach him at wesley.woodsii@vcstar.com, 805-437-0262 or https://twitter.com/JournoWes

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Politics Politics Briefing: Notley takes Trudeau to task
Politics Briefing Newsletter
Politics Briefing: Notley takes Trudeau to task
Chris Hannay and James Keller
Published September 7, 2018 Updated September 7, 2018
Alberta's premier says the federal government needs to intervene – quickly – to ensure the Trans Mountain pipeline expansion isn't left withering on the vine following a Federal Court of Appeal decision that overturned its approval.
Premier Rachel Notley has repeatedly called for bold action from Ottawa in response to the Federal Court of Appeal decision, which said the government failed to adequately consult First Nations and did not properly consider the impact of increased tanker traffic on killer whales.
The court ruling appeared to give the federal government a path forward as it seeks to get the pipeline back on track, but Ms. Notley is warning that simply following the court's direction will take too long and "keep us imprisoned on this regulatory merry-go-round." Instead, she says the federal government must use legislation to address environmental concerns over the project without launching a brand-new hearing process, though she wasn't specific.
Ms. Notley has also called for the federal government to file an appeal with the Supreme Court of Canada to settle broader issues around resource development, though she says that wouldn't proceed quick enough to save the Trans Mountain expansion.
The Liberal government has suggested it could address the court's concerns relatively quickly, and Prime Minister Justin Trudeau has ruled out using a legislative "trick" to push the pipeline through.
This is the daily Politics Briefing newsletter, written by Chris Hannay in Ottawa and James Keller in Vancouver. If you're reading this on the web or someone forwarded this email newsletter to you, you can sign up for Politics Briefing and all Globe newsletters here. Have any feedback? Let us know what you think.
For the first time ever, the Canadian government is admitting that it has conducted security screening on equipment from Huawei – a Chinese telecom giant – since 2013. National security concerns have been raised about the company, and the U.S. and Australia have banned it from supplying parts for the 5G mobile network.
Part of Prime Minister Justin Trudeau's pitch for a United Nations Security Council seat will be encouraging Canada's private sector to donate towards the UN's sustainable development goals.
Mayors across British Columbia want the provincial government to hand over at least 40 per cent of revenues from legal marijuana sales once the drug becomes legal this fall. Cities have said they need at least some of the revenue generated from the cannabis industry to pay for policing, licensing and other costs.
The new RCMP commissioner was feted with an official change of command ceremony in Regina. The ceremony marked the symbolic handover of authority to Commissioner Brenda Lucki from outgoing Commissioner Bob Paulsen.
Ottawa is giving more control over Indigenous health programs to First Nations, announcing $68-million over three years for communities in Manitoba, Ontario and Saskatchewan.
Experts are predicting record-low voter turnout in municipal elections scheduled across B.C. this fall, as a shorter campaign and constraints on party fundraising could leave many voters either uninformed or uninterested in turning out.
And the NDP is asking its members: how do you think Jagmeet Singh has been doing?
The Globe and Mail Editorial Board on rail access for Churchill, Man.: "Pretty much everything is in short supply in Canada's North, including good economic news. Last week, the community of Churchill, Man., accepted a delivery of positive tidings in the form of a deal to buy the town's port and the broken-down rail line leading there."
Debra Soh (The Globe and Mail) on the accused of #MeToo: "From my time working previously with incarcerated sex offenders in the context of rehabilitation, a major factor predicting whether someone can be reformed is his motivation to change – whether he takes responsibility for what he's done, as opposed to only feeling regretful because he was caught. It can take years for a person to gain insight into his behaviour; in some cases, this never materializes."
Paul Wells (Maclean's) on the Quebec election: "The [Coalition Avenir Quebec] exists to tap millions of Quebecers' desire for a sort of dream state between the separatists of the Parti Québécois, who are often judged too radical, and the federalists of the Quebec Liberal Party, who are almost always judged too elitist."
Don Martin (CTV) on Alberta separatism: "Albertans made a Faustian bargain to pay hefty carbon taxes in exchange for a vital pipeline connection to an coast. If that bargain is broken, the gap between Alberta alienation and separation contemplation will narrow - or disappear."
Got a news tip that you'd like us to look into? E-mail us at tips@globeandmail.com. Need to share documents securely? Reach out via SecureDrop
Follow Chris Hannay and James Keller on Twitter @channay @byjameskeller


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Tag: best of 2014
Oscar Week: Best Supporting Actresses
The Academy Awards are approaching at the end of this week, so I present to you Oscar Week! These are my own movie awards from 2014, celebrating my favorite performances and scenes of the year.
This was a weak year for Supporting Actresses and of the Academy's picks I have not seen Laura Dern in Wild, Keira Knightley in The Imitation Game, or Meryl Streep in Into the Woods but I doubt any of these I would really think are top contenders. Because of this, I think I came up with a more creative (and perhaps ridiculous) list of my favorite performances of the year.
Here are my top 10 supporting actresses of 2014:
10. Lorelai Linklater, Boyhood
The kid's have gotten a lot of grief for their acting, but I found both to be charming over their 12 year performance. Linklater isn't given a lot, but I always liked what she was adding on screen.
9. Marisa Tomei, Love is Strange
Another small performance that stuck with me, Tomei plays the niece-in-law to John Lithgow and really serves to highlight both the attachment to the central characters and the growing frustrations that come with being surrounded by people you love.
8. Patricia Arquette, Boyhood
A bit overrated in my book, but still a performance worth talking about. Arquette does get the unemotional film's most emotional scene and really does nail it.
7. Carrie Coon, Gone Girl
Coon's character brings a lot to Gone Girl, bringing in humor and emotion in a film that is cold and calculated both in production and in content.
6. Saoirse Ronan, Grand Budapest Hotel
Grand Budapest Hotel is a film I was disappointed by, but I think the part that was the most moving to me was the relationship between lobby boy Zero and Ronan's Agatha whose young love really did feel beautiful.
5. Mackenzie Foy, Interstellar
Mackenzie Foy pretty much out-acts Jessica Chastain as the younger version of Murph, Matthew McConaughey's daughter in the movie. There is so much emotion in those early scenes and Foy is a delight.
4. Emma Stone, Birdman
Perhaps the toughest performance Emma Stone has had to give–one where she doesn't have to rely on all that natural charm–Stone is aggressive here and really keeps up with Norton who is at his peak.
3. Katherine Waterson, Inherent Vice
Waterson is excellent as the mysterious and somewhat-sultry "vice" of Phoenix's Doc Sportello. She is presented as a near-apparition, being the core of the mystery that Doc attempts to uncover–Waterson is charming enough to make us believe that she really is worth chasing after, despite her lack of clear devotion.
2. Agata Kulesza, Ida
I was expecting Ida to be a serious film, perhaps overly serious, it is in fact a black and white shot Polish film about religion and the holocaust, but instead it features jokes, charm, and fun jazz songs–most of which is thanks to Kulesza. Kulesza plays Wanda Cruz, the irreverent judge polar opposite to her niece, Agata Trzebuchowska's righteous Ida. She is bitter and hedonistic, but, as we discover, has faced great pain, some of which is too great to bear.
1. Tilda Swinton, Snowpiercer
Watching Snowpiercer I convinced and unconvinced myself four different times that Mason was and was not played by Tilda Swinton. Turns out she was in an absolute riot of a performance as Wilford's assistant and the face of villainy to those living amongst the poor on the Snowpiercer train. She is an evil character, but also self-serving enough to connive her way through any scenario. Swinton really disappears here in a way that is absolutely magical.
Coming Tomorrow: Best Supporting Actors of 2014
jacobandrewwilson	Academy Awards, Best of 2014, Cinephilia	Leave a comment 17/02/2015 17/02/2015 2 Minutes
Top 15 Podcasts of 2014
This is the year that podcasts took off, well in their own corner of the internet sort of way. This is my fourth year ranking my favorites and I have listened to more than any other year of my life which is why it gets a top 15 instead of a 10.
Again I don't necessarily recommend all of these for each person, so proceed with discretion.
15. The Grantland NFL Podcast
You will only like it if you are into football, but hey that's most of this country right? Great show with really in-depth takes on the NFL season.
Check out the latest ep here
14. Filmspotting
I've been listening to this show for probably six years and even on its third different cohost it is a must listen for film fans. I usually listen after I've seen the movie they are reviewing, so I'm not always consistent, but every time I do it's such an enjoyable experience.
Check out episode 500: Top 5 Films of the Filmspotting Era
13. Improv4Humans
It's better when Matt Besser isn't ranting about his opinions, but in between when Besser and other improvisers come together to create scenarios they are able to make some of the funniest and creative material on the spot.
Check out Funky Kong
12. Hollywood Prospectus
Andy and Chris probably have my favorite podcast relationship out there, having known each other for years and years. Their pop culture show for Grantland continues to be at a high level every week.
Check out the end of the year episode
11. This American Life
This year they continued to make some of the best and most interesting stories out there. If you've never checked out this show it's about time to do so.
Check out Is This Working?
10. Rob Has a Podcast
Rob Cesternino continues to get bigger and bigger every year in his coverage of teleivsion, especially reality TV. He has now turned it into a well oiled machine bringing in great guests, many of which he has a repertoire with, having now past 1,000 episodes of RHAP.
Check out Rob with Tyson Apostal
9. Hang Up and Listen
The best sports podcast out there featuring talk that goes beyond the your typical sports journalism, focusing on social issues and advanced statistics. This year they stepped up their game further featuring mini episodes about the NCAA Basketball tournament andthe World Cup.
Check out the latest episode
8. Who Charted?
Howard and Kulap countdown the top of the charts each week, but really this show has little to do with pop culture. It's all about engaging the guest and using Kremer's personality to its greatest potential. This deserves to be on here merely for the game "Jaws is Better" in which Howard asks a guest what their favorite movie is and then argues with them as to why Jaws is better–the only way to win, say the name of the game.
Check out the Matt Gourley episode
7. The Gist with Mike Pesca
The new daily podcast from Mike Pesca, a former NPR reporter and member of Slate's Hang Up and Listen (see above), is great for its coverage of today's topics, but also because Pesca is a master podcast personality. Taking a fairly central perspective on a lot of today's issues he also is very funny and open to ideas from all his guests. Pesca is a breath of fresh air in podcast journalism.
6. The Cracked Podcast
The surprisingly eye-opening podcast from the people of Cracked.com is focused on scientific, social, and pop cultural matters all from the perspective of funny dudes who read a lot on the internet. I would take some of what they say with a grain of salt (they had an episode about obesity some of which I looked up to confirm what they said and couldn't find anything) but they would probably to tell you to do the same thing.
Check out Decisions Your Brain Makes Behind Your Back
5. Start Up
A new show that is only 10 episodes in hosted by former This American Life and Planet Money producer Alex Blumberg who created the show in order to chronicle him trying to start up his own podcast company. Not only is it a unique look at the inner world of business, but it is a strikingly transparent view of Blumberg's mind as he deals with various pressures and his own neuroses.
Check out How to Name Your Company
4. Radiolab
Radiolab is a storytelling show that focuses on science-based subjects, not only making fascinating stories, but some of the most thought provoking material out there. Their editing techniques are always incredible and this year they continued their brilliance.
Check out Outside Westgate
3. Comedy Bang Bang
Scott Aukerman's sort-of parody of an interview show reached its 300th episode this year. For those who don't know it guests come on (some real, some characters played by comedians) and Scott does his best straight man asking ridiculous questions in order to get the most out of his guests. What results is probably the most consistently funny thing out there.
Check out 2014 Holiday Spectacular
2. U Talkin' U2 to Me?
Was my favorite for a majority of the year, until the number one came around. U Talkin' U2 to Me? is the Scott Aukerman (Comedy Bang Bang) and Adam Scott (Parks and Recreation) hosted podcast in which they are supposed to talk about everything U2. While they do get around to a lot of U2 discussion the podcast is an exercise in the most laid back silly form of improv, with both hosts riffing on just about everything and teasing one another in this semi-hostile manner. Let's not forget all the shows within shows, because these too are a highlight of the show.
Check out Staind Glass
1. Serial
The podcast that escalated podcasts and made a few more people realize that podcasts are wonderful (but ultimately ask any non-NPR type person if they have heard of Serial and the answer will be no). Aside from this, Serial was a great piece of true crime storytelling with host Sarah Koenig obsessing over a 15 year old case and allowing us to obsess alongside here for 12 weeks. Her way of investigating draws you in as a listener, the story and interviews were fascinating, and the theme music may have been the best part. Was the end satisfying? Well being that it is a non-fictional story I don't think it ever could have been–at least the way that would have felt the most satisfying–but it didn't feel out of touch with the rest of the show and really the story isn't over.
Check out The Alibi
Honorable Mentions: The Sylvester Stallone Podcast, 99% Invisible, The Dissolve Podcast, The Liturgists, Pop Culture Happy Hour, The Jeff Rubin Jeff Rubin Show, Criminal, How Did This Get Made?, The Andy Daly Pilot Project, Planet Money
Three started late in the year that may have had a chance if they had been released earlier: Rembert Explains, OMFG!, With Special Guest Lauren Lapkus
jacobandrewwilson	Best of 2014, Top Ten List	1 Comment 28/12/2014 5 Minutes
Top 5 TV Shows of 2014
Alright people only three best of lists left to make before the best of the year 2014 coverage is wrapped up.
In years past I've never done a best of TV, because I figured I always watched the same shows and so it would be just the same shows over and over. This year however, there was enough new great television (that I saw) to spark a list out of me. This is filled with great seasons of old shows as well as brand new ones.
This show is in the running for my favorite of all time and season six–the penultimate–was filled with great moments, probably its best since the start of season four. It ended with one of the most unique twists in sitcom history making the wait until the finale even more unbearable.
4. True Detective
The internet's favorite show this year certainly lived up to the hype with its spectacular performances by McConaughey and Harrelson, its pessimistic philosophy, intriguing mysteries, and amazing camera work by director Fukunaga. I didn't watch it live which probably made certain moments less epic than if they were experienced with commentary from the Twittershpere, but I do think it made me like the end more than general consensus–which I really liked.
3. Survivor: Cagayan
Certainly a personal bias (I'm a superfan of the show), but anytime a franchise can put up perhaps its best season 28 seasons into the show you have to give credit where credit is due. Featuring some of the most memorable characters and moments from episode to episode, Cagayan was some of the best TV all year.
This is the show that I desperately beg each person to watch (though I think I have failed in every effort), The Americans improved from an excellent first season, raising the suspense, stakes, and character dynamics in this show that simultaneously deals in international spy affairs and personal familial dynamics with equal tension. The sheer fact that a central tension of this season was the daughter rebelling against the parents by going to church is a brilliant move by the shows creators and excites for what's to come.
1. Fargo
I checked out this show after it had received all of its hype, but figured it may have been everyone overreacting to the fact that it didn't totally do injustice to the original. What Fargo ended up being was a companion to the film that actually competes with it. This show has great characters, explores themes like justice and evil, and makes some of the best editing choices out of anything I saw all year.
Honorable Mentions: Veep, Review, Sherlock, Community, Silicon Valley
jacobandrewwilson	Best of 2014, Top Ten List	Leave a comment 21/12/2014 06/01/2015 2 Minutes
Top 75 Songs of 2014 Part II (50-21)
Part II of the top 75 songs of 2014 countdown. Apologies that there are no links to listen to each song or descriptions of certain ones, I had finished making the whole thing and then WordPress crashed without saving any of my work.
Check out Part I
(Note: Not every song is for every person, there may be some songs that you consider innapropriate; I do not recommend everything that I like for everyone. Proceed with your own discretion.)
50. U2 "Iris (Hold Me Close)"
49. Rustie w/ Danny Brown "Attack" (explicit)
48. Run the Jewels w/ Gangsta Boo "Love Again" (explicit)
47. Jenny Lewis "Head Underwater"
46. FKA Twigs "Two Weeks" (explicit)
45. YG w/Kendrick Lamar "Really Be (Smokin' N Drinkin')" (explicit)
44. The Hotelier "Your Deep Rest"
43. Sun Kil Moon "Carissa"
42. Run the Jewels "Lie Cheat Steal" (explicit)
41. Jenny Lewis "She's Not Me"
40. Parquet Courts "Black and White"
39. Young Thug and Bloody Jay "4 Eva Bloody" (explicit)
38. Ariana Grande w/Iggy Azaela "Problem"
37. U2 "Every Breaking Wave"
36. Hundred Waters "Murmurs"
35. The War on Drugs "Lost in the Dream"
34. Makthaverskan "No Mercy"
33. Nico & Vinz "Am I Wrong?"
32. The Hotelier "Dendron"
31. Twin Shadow "To the Top"
30. Parquet Courts "Instant Disassembly"
29. Banks "Brain"
28. Run the Jewels "Jeopardy" (explicit)
27. Jessie Ware "Say You Love Me"
26. clipping. "Work Work" (explicit)
25. Vince Staples "Hands Up" (explicit)
23. YG w/Schoolboy Q and Jay Rock "I Just Wanna Party" (explicit)
22. White Lung "Snake Jaw"
21. Speedy Ortiz "American Horror"
jacobandrewwilson	Best of 2014, Top Ten List	1 Comment 21/12/2014 1 Minute
Top 75 Songs of 2014 (75-51)
This is the first of a three part countdown of the best songs of the year.
75. Lupe Fiasco "Deliver"
Lupe's track about the pizza man not being willing to deliver to the ghetto is a great track for our current climate, it does lose points for all the mentioning it does of various pizza places.
74. Lost in the Trees "Rites"
73. Sohn "Artifice"
72. Norma Jean Martine "No Gold"
https://soundcloud.com/norma-jean-martine/no-gold
A great indie pop song, a singer that likely deserves more attention.
71. Mac DeMarco "Salad Days"
70. Jenny Lewis "Slippery Slopes"
69. Schoolboy Q "Collard Greens"
The best track from Q's album, which I liked not loved, it's got Kendrick who elevates just about anything he is on.
68. The Notwist "Kong"
67. Cloud Nothings "Psychic Trauma"
66. Sharon Van Etten "Taking Chances"
65. A Sunny Day in Glasgow "In Love With Useless (The Timeless Geometry in the Tradition of Passing"
Heard this band described as a bunch of school band nerds coming together to make music with a punk-tinge. That fits this sorta catchy sort of chaotic orchestral track.
64. Howler "Don't Wanna"
Howler makes great beach rock/punk for slackers everywhere. This song assures the listener that they have the autonomy to do whatever they want, the greatest line being a battle between "you don't have to listen to The Smith's if you don't want to" and "you don't even have to date girls if you don't want to".
63. Sia "Chandelier"
62. Manchester Orchestra "The Ocean" (from "Hope")
From the acoustic version of their album "Cope" which was released a few months later, the song is changed completely into a piano led ballad relying on Hull's voice entirely–which is really the best part of the band.
61. The War on Drugs "Burning"
60. White Lung "Drown With the Monster"
59. Cymbals Eat Guitars "Child Bride"
58. Sharon Van Etten "I Love You But I'm Lost"
Van Etten's album is filled with love long lost songs and this one expresses her feelings completely as she mourns her own failures in love.
57. Lykke Li "Sleeping Alone"
56. The War on Drugs "Eyes to the Wind"
55. Iceage "Forever"
54. Manchester Orchestra "Girl Harbor"
53. Cloud Nothings "Now Hear In"
52. Joyce Manor "Christmas Card"
51. Parkay Quartz "Uncast Shadow of a Southern Myth"
The side project of Parquet Courts (who you will see on plenty of upcoming lists) that features most of the original band. This song could actually fit perfectly on a Courts record, as a slow stripped down song that slowly builds.
jacobandrewwilson	Best of 2014, Top Ten List	2 Comments 14/12/2014 16/12/2014 2 Minutes
Top 10 Pop Hits of 2014
Tis the season people! No, not Christmas, for end of the year lists! Yes, the most wonderful time of the year has finally arrived and I am kicking it off as I always do, with the top 10 best pop hits of the year! This year I am planning on releasing 13 best of type lists for you, so you can look forward to that.
A quick note about eligibility, in order to qualify on this list a song had to make it into the top 10 of the Billboard charts at any point during the year. This means that a song could have been released the year prior, but as long as it was in the top 10 this year, it counts. One other note: if a song meets all of the qualifications above, but was on one of my best of lists from last year, it will not make the list.
Here it is, enjoy!
10. Charli XCX "Boom Clap"
I think Charli XCX will always be someone who is fun to listen to, but I'm not sure she will ever transcend pop or turn into a pop star. She seems to be stuck in between and this songs paints that picture perfectly.
9. Clean Bandit "Rather Be"
Well this group seemed to come out of nowhere and sometimes nowhere can come up with a pretty good song. It's pleasant, it's not filled with too much star power or personality which can be a breath of fresh air on the radio.
8. Taylor Swift "Shake it Off"
I've been up and down on it all year. At first I wasn't sure about it, then I got pretty into it, but after the release of another single my head wonders why I ever though this song was good at all? It's still pretty good though, which is why it lands here.
7. Jessie J w/Ariana Grande and Nicki Minaj "Bang Bang"
This is a great song that somehow manages to pull off this sort of 90s female power vibe while fitting in Nicki Minaj and showcasing the young talent of pop today. Jessie J and Grande are both great singers and when given a good song they can really make a gem of it. Same goes with Minaj who is also extremely talented in the right context.
6. SIA "Chandelier"
What starts off as a track that was clearly meant for Rihanna quickly turns into one of the year's best choruses and perhaps makes SIA a viable threat in the female pop star category. SIA has all the talent and this song proved that she could make a hit on her own merit.
5. Problem – Ariana Grande
Oh Ariana you could have had the number one spot. You were so close! Your voice kills it. This song is an upbeat anthem that doesn't rely on Calvin Harris to make it something. But you made two mistakes. One, Iggy Azalea. I realize that at first this might seem silly–she was probably THE pop star for most of the year (until Taylor showed up) and I actually liked the verse the first 15 times I heard it, but it already feels outdated. The second is that chorus, how much more anticlimactic can you be? A whispering Big Sean is not the direction you should have taken this song. I'm sure the kids at high school dances will find clever ways to incorporate your miscue into having a good time, but this was even worse than the end to the Lego Movie.
4. Nico and Vinz "Am I Wrong?"
I have the feeling that these types of one-hit wonder indie pop groups will continue to pop up with random singles that become huge only to rarely be heard from again ("Somebody I Used to Know", "Pumped Up Kicks"). Their songs range from being just good enough you don't change the radio when it comes on to being good enough that you seek it out and listen to it despite its constant presence on the radio. This one leans toward the latter.
3. Lorde "Team"
A song I actually liked before it became a hit and one that was released last year, but did not peak until this year. Lorde is probably the most independent minded of all the big pop stars today and I might like "Team" better than her biggest hit, "Royals". How could you not with a line like "I'm kind of over getting told to throw my hands up in the air". She has the star power of a cynic, a dirge that graced the tops of the charts despite its glorious apathy and it certainly touched my emotionless heart.
2. Taylor Swift "Blank Space"
The latest song to reach number one solidified itself the moment I watched the music video–a fun and self aware bit with Taylor torturing a lover and later welcoming a new one. Not sure if it has reached the heights of the best Taylor has ever done, but it is close.
1. Beyonce "Drunk In Love"
This song edges the line of being a cheat but does technically qualify under the (strict) guidelines I have set for myself. Released late last year in the middle of all the best of lists, "Drunk In Love" never had a chance to actually make any of these lists. While the song did eventually rise into the top 10, it wasn't a mainstay and never reached the top spot. Regardless of how many times I actually heard the song on the radio, it was by far my favorite single to reach the top 10 this year. It's a sort of sequel to Jay and Bey's "Crazy in Love", but one that takes on a far more sexual bent, featuring a far more aggressive and modern Beyonce. It's like a 2014 rendition of Song of Songs, a perhaps too revealing look into the intimacy that a married couple can have. It's so good.


text:
Shin Sung Rok 신성록 aka Royal Hotness!
By katakwasabi, May 26, 2007 in actors & actresses
empress dignity
on the way to the airport
confusedheart326 303
@katakwasabi
That pic! It hurts for some odd reason. I know he is getting what he deserves but it still hurts. At least they didn't kill our dearest Pyeha, crazy or not. You are right, these dynamic villains are super entertaining. More entertaining than the goody two shoes main leads. Also, I always had a second lead syndrome since I started watching K-dramas. I never suffered from this ailment before.
SSR you are simply amazing! Kudos to you for such a fantastic acting. You are the main lead in our eyes simply because of the range of emotions your character displayed and got the audience so involved either rooting for him or rallying for his very cruel end.
19 hours ago, confusedheart7997 said:
Hehe. The pic is from his movie with Kim Rae Won~
Enjoy some gifs from the latest TLE bts clip
Kyaaaa~SSR IG update. It is Hyuk on TLE's 6th and maybe final OST cover.
His caption (trans by google translate):
<b>New ost ... Lee hyeok looks like .... It seems to be a while ago .... While listening to ... I am sad.
To the last appearance ... To be remembered for a long time ... We will remember each other with good memories .... We will do our best ... Leehyeok .... I really do not want to end it.
I loved the gel .... a dreary guy</b>
Not sure if the 'I loved the gel' is a correct translation though
Shin Sung Rok filming Vagabond at Incheon Airport
(ctto)
SSR IG update!
Latest pic from TLE official page
SSR IG update
His caption (google trans)
Elegance of the Empress is nearing the final broadcast. Thank you for your patience. I also took pictures with props that I have always been with!
His caption (google trans)
Set last shot 2
I'm gonna miss him the most when TLE ends.
SSR IG updates
ChewyChocolate 3,229
Omg I love you so much for creating this site. Ah, the pain I feel seeing his face is mixed with joy. Peyhaaaaaaa will I ever get over theee?????
Crystal Kim 203
Guys. Isn't his new role also the villain-type? I want him to be a cute, cinnamon roll character soon lol
1 hour ago, ChewyChocolate said:
Welcome to the thread! I didn't create it, I'm just managing it now after it got deactivated . Feel free to post anything SSR related~
8 minutes ago, Crystal Kim said:
I read he is not the villain, but his character wont be fluffy considering the premise. However the recent fanpic of him did make me wonder is he one of the good guys or the bad~ huhuhu
I like SSR's IG. His emoji game is strong and he actively promotes his projects. I think he did a good job promoting TLE previously.
Here are his latest IG updates, he is promoting Vagabond that will air sometime in May.
Oppa Gangnam Style! Hahaha
#ManWhoDiestoLive
Awwww~
Geun Woo was fun to watch in Trot Lovers, he was a good CEO and in general a very nice person. His one-sided crush for Chun Hee was so endearing
SSR IG update with Vagabond cast~
Geun Woo : Trot Lovers 2014
Shin Sung Rok interview from 2010 .
Bolded some parts i like most.
Shin Sung Rok: 'Middle Aged Women Fans Have Increased'
# Entertainment 2010.07.28 View : 339
The "syndrome of younger man" has become popular again, and this time it comes from actor Shin Sung Rok's popularity (28).
Shin Sung Rok is gaining popularity in SBS TV's weekend drama "Definitely Neighbors" by playing an attractive and charismatic young chef named Gun Hee,who loves divorced older woman Ji Young (Yoo Ho Jung).
He has already become a star actor in musical performances, but he could not distinguish himself in TV dramas, but he finally attracted female viewers' eyes and became the most attractive man by appearing in the drama "Definitely Neighbors."
Shin Sung Rok was interviewed by a reporter recently in the musical hall of "Story of My Life," in which he appears. He said, "The number of my middle aged women fans has increased; most of all, I am happy because more older audience members have come to watch the musical." He smiled and continued, "Usually, female audience members in their twenties and thirties have come to see my performance so far, but, these days, they are taking their mothers with them, which is very unusual. Actually, some young women are just coming to the hall not because they are my fans, but because their mothers like me. In addition, more people recognize me on the street and, above all, middle aged women mostly recognized me on the street and sometimes some of them shyly came up to me like a little girl."
Since he made debut in 2003, he has worked in musicals, dramas, and movies all at the same time, and these days, he is appearing in both the drama "Definitely Neighbors" and in the musical "Story of My Life," and releasing his energy. The musical "Story of My Life" is a two-hander performance and it is about looking back to the meaning of friendship and our lives with the main actor and bestseller writer Thomas's visit to his old friend in his hometown.
Shin said, "I have to join the army next year, so I want to perform in as many works as possible. But, after I reach my thirties, I will never play in two different works at the same time. I want to concentrate on only one role more deeply. But, it does not necessarily mean that I have done two works with less sincerity. What I mean is that I have gratified my desire to work in many
performances in my twenties, but I want to work with more composure in my thirties."
The drama "Definitely Neighbors" has been gaining huge popularity as it has exceeded 20 percent in viewer ratings. The drama is now at its climax with the love story between Gun Hee and Ji Young. The character Gun Hee, who loves a divorced older single mother, is taking the responsibility for the high viewer ratings. Shin said, "Maybe Gun Hee is younger than Ji young, as much as eight to nine years younger. In fact, I am thirteen years old younger than Yoo Ho Jung. But, I have not felt anything regarding the age gap until now. The character Gun Hee whom I play is a very attractive man, and he is actually not a 'prince charming,' but rather a very realistic person, so I wanted to play the character. In the first part of the drama, Gun Hee had been very mean to Ji Young, and they had argued. But, Gun Hee, who has high self-esteem and ceaseless desire to do his work, found out something that he could not have from Ji Young, so he has been interested in her and finally become attracted to her. While he was paying attention to Ji Young's innate sense of taste and talent and trying to develop her ability, he ended up falling in love with her."
But the story of Gun Hee that the most attractive husband candidate loves Ji Young is more like "Fantasy" than "Reality." How does he play the character and with what kind of feelings?
Shin Sung Rok answered the question by saying, "Of course, I have to act with Gun Hee's mind, otherwise, I cannot focus on his feelings in the drama. Yoo Ho Jung is a very good actress, so I am very comfortable about acting with her, and I have not been confused about the character while acting so far maybe because there has not been a love scene. If I had to act like a completely different character from me, I might have looked awkward, but many parts of Gun Hee are actually very similar to myself. My first girlfriend, whom I had gone out in high school, was five years older than me. My blood type is A, which usually means a timid person, but I do have a disposition of the blood type B, so sometimes I throw awful tantrums like Gun Hee." He smiled.
He had wanted to become an actor since he was a high school student, but appearing in a drama or in movie was difficult. He said, "Directors were reluctant to cast a 187 centimeter-tall aspiring actor as a supporting or minor role, and finding a main actor role was even more difficult. I thought that I might be able to have a chance if I build up my acting ability, so I moved to theater acting. I started to act in the drama company Hakchon. When I acted in my third theater work "Dracula," I had been cast in the drama "Hyena," and I could finally advance to the TV drama."
After that, he acted in dramas such as "Thank You" and "My Life's Golden Years," and movies such as "Lovers of 6 Years" and "The Age of Innocence," but he could not have the "opportunity to become successful." He also had appeared on the MBC TV entertainment program "We got Married" as a couple with female comedian Kim Shin Young, but their harmony had not been enough to make them famous.
But he finally started to receive favorable responses from his musical performances. He appeared in musical works such as "Romeo and Juliet,""Finding Kim Jong Wook,"" Monte Cristo," and "My Scary Girl," and he has evolvedas a star actor on the musical stage. Then he took on his current role in the drama "Definitely Neighbors."
He finally said, "Since my debut, I have consistently appeared in many works without taking a rest. I think that I have done well as I was neither too outstanding, nor did I go unnoticed. But, as an actor, I have a desire to become more successful in my performances. I think that I have shown some degree of potential so far and I could obtain good feelings from viewers, but the more important thing is that I have to make viewers develop their good feelings and their trust towards me and make them always stand by my side."
source: http://kbsworld.kbs.co.kr/news/news_view.php?no=13121&sec=enter&lang=eng&page=150&search_tag=&writer=
I still can't find Definitely Neighbours. Be it subbed or raw . I want to watch it. Huhuhu
Kyaaaa..SSR casting news~
[Current Drama 2019-2020] Woman of 9.9 Billion, 99억의 여자 - Wed & Thu @ 22:00 KST
[Official Thread] Crystal Liu Yi Fei 刘亦菲
Park Bo Gum 박보검 朴寶劍 パク・ボゴム ♥ Debut single『Bloomin'』♥ Upcoming Movie: Seo Bok
By autumnight
Park Seo Joon 박서준 ~❤❤ [Upcoming Drama "Itaewon Class" 31.01.2020 on JTBC] | [Upcoming Movie "Dream" 2020]
By serenilmauve


Undated info from the RSU web: "RSU has initiated a $2.2 million fundraising campaign to build an off-campus equestrian center that will house the Bit by Bit Therapeutic Horseback Riding Program and the RSU Rodeo Team. The Frank and Wanda Sanders Family Trust donated 23 acres of land for the facility, which will be located just off U.S. Highway 169 five miles south of Oologah. Bit by Bit is a cooperative program between RSU and Oologah-Talala Public Schools to promote physical and mental health for disabled children and adults through horseback riding."
Linda Barron, Director of the RSU Bit-By-Bit Program, addressed the Collinsville Chamber of Commerce Sept. 7, 2006.
The new equestrian facility is located between Collinsville and Oologah on Highway 169. The drawings show what the facility will look like when all phases of construction complete.
As Linda Barron described her work with special needs children and their interaction with the horses at the Bit-By-Bit program at Rogers State University, her passion was obvious. The program has been active for over 10 years and had been on campus at RSU in Claremore in a former Oklahoma Military Acadamy building there. As RSU has transitioned from a 2-year to a 4-year University the growth on campus (fastest growing university in Oklahoma with a 67% increase in enrollment this year) had them looking for a new location for their non-traditional program. Linda thanked Wanda Sanders in particular and many others for making the new facility northeast of Collinsville a reality.
The special needs children "always succeed" at Bit-By-Bit and it has a hugh positive impact on the kids and their families. Volunteers are always needed as it takes a "team" for each rider including the horse handler and a spotter on each side of the horse to assist the child. The new facility can also host livestock shows, rodeos and other community and university events.


text:
Sedgwick County Firefighters Union pushes for higher pay for staff
by: Jessica Watson
Posted: Aug 4, 2022 / 06:01 PM CDT
Updated: Aug 4, 2022 / 07:57 PM CDT
SEDGWICK COUNTY, Kan. (KSNW) — Cause for alarm. The Sedgwick County Firefighters Union said if the staff shortage gets worse, they might have to shut down a station. The union president wants staff to get a bump in pay to address the issue.
In 2016 previous Sedgwick County Commissioners voted to take away bargaining power from the Sedgwick County Firefighters Union. Now the president of the union is asking for that power back. He said call volume is up, but staffing is not.
"Over the last few years, we've had people leave here and there. In the last few months, we've really had people voice their concerns and say they can no longer financially stay with this department," said Casey Ingalls, the president of the Sedgwick County Firefighters Union Local 2612.
Ingalls said the department has lost 29 firefighters since 2015. He said pay is partly to blame. Staff received a 4 percent raise in January, but he said it wasn't enough.
Sedgwick County Sheriff's Office receives raise to $23.50 per hour
"It's been, even before 2016, since we have seen a raise like that. It might be 2013, around that time frame. So, that 4%, more or less, it kind of held us in check with the cost of living," said Ingalls.
The starting rate is more than $14 an hour. A Wichita Fire Recruit makes more than $19 an hour and a starting pay of more than $15 an hour. Ingalls said the union needs to be brought to the table.
"That bargaining chip is important because we are able to negotiate contracts that provide a future for our firefighters. They provide a sense of security. They take care of the people that work for the fire district," said Ingalls.
The chairman of the Sedgwick County Commission said pay raises for firefighters are already underway.
"They have benefits that other employees do not have. So right now, they are not an organization that we negotiate with. We do with the fire department exactly what we do with every department. We work with the leadership to figure out what the perfect plan is," said David Dennis, the chairman of the Sedgwick County Commission.
County commissioners are talking about a pay raise during this budget season and a clear map of promotions. At least two commissioners are open to reinstating bargaining with the union.
Wichita couple charged after child shoots mom in …
Police release video of brief chase before deadly …


Child Protective Services are provided 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
Reports of abuse and neglect of children under the age of 18 are investigated with the goal of protecting children from physical, mental and medical neglect, and from sexual abuse and exploitation. Services are also provided to prevent and alleviate family crises.
To report suspected incidents of child abuse or neglect in Louisa, call 540-967-1320 or the Child Abuse and Neglect Hotline at 1-800-552-7096 toll-free after 5:00 p.m., nights, weekends, and holidays.


text:
Australian GP || March 15 || 16h10 (Local time)
Citroën already focusing on Poland
"We have asked Kris Meeke to take a step back"
By Olivier Ferret
11 June 2017 - 20:39
With Andreas Mikkelsen's eighth place ending up as the team's best result, the 2017 Rally Italia Sardegna fell short of the expectations of the Citroën Total Abu Dhabi WRT. Determined to pursue the approach begun this weekend, the team's driver line-up will feature Andreas once again at Rally Poland (29 June - 2 July). The Norwegian will be competing in Mikołajki alongside Craig Breen and Stéphane Lefebvre.
REVIEW OF RALLY ITALIA SARDEGNA
Following Thursday's ceremonial start and the evening's opening super special stage, the rally only really got underway on Friday morning. Held on roads around Olbia, the day's four stages were each contested twice, with a mid-leg service in Alghero.
Kris Meeke was immediately on form, grabbing the stage win and overall lead on SS2. Very pleased with his Citroën C3 WRC, the Northern Irishman was briefly overtaken by Hänninen before retaking first place on SS4. However, his race was not destined to go much further: on SS5, the leader rolled his car after hitting a bank. He still managed to make it to the end of the stage, losing seven minutes in the process, but was forced to retire when he reached service (roll cage damaged).
By this point, there was only one C3 WRC left in the race, since Craig Breen had retired for the day after SS3, whilst running sixth overall. The Irishman landed heavily after a jump, hitting an exposed bedrock that had not been spotted during recce. The damaged gearbox meant he was unable to continue, but the team had no problems in repairing the car so that he could return under Rally2 rules the next day.
Andreas Mikkelsen was therefore left as the team's sole representative. On his first competitive day's racing with Citroën, the Norwegian adopted a structured approach, aiming to understand the C3 WRC and acquire the various reflexes. Having been eighth overall for long periods, he lost a position in the afternoon.
The next day, Andreas continued to improve as he adjusted the set-up to suit his approach. Despite being short on luck on the famous Monte Lerno stage (a puncture in the morning and a differential problem in the afternoon), he managed to remain positive, believing that things were heading in the right direction.
Back in action on Saturday, Craig Breen produced a couple of fine performances on the Coiluna – Loelle stage, setting the third and second fastest times on each loop. The day's other stages did not go so well, the Irishman experiencing a few hairy moments related to the handling of the car.
Sunday's short final leg only featured four stages, contested with no service period. Despite being second in the running order, Andreas Mikkelsen confirmed the progress made on the opening two days of the rally, setting some encouraging times. Similarly, Craig Breen set another top-three time on SS16.
At the end of the Power Stage, Andreas Mikkelsen and his co-driver Anders Jæger concluded their first rally with Citroën Total Abu Dhabi WRT in eighth place. Craig Breen and Scott Martin also made it to the end of the rally, collecting some extra points for the Manufacturers' World Championship.
MIXED FORTUNES
Looking at the fortunes of the team at this seventh round, clearly the results vary from one crew to the next. "Before the start, we asked our drivers to make it to the end of the rally. I don't think we were wrong to think that if they managed to do that, we would end up with two cars in the top five," explained Yves Matton, Citroën Racing Team Principal. "Unfortunately, Kris was unable to adopt the pace required to have an error-free race. After the opening stages, he felt comfortable in the car and said that his pace was consistent with the targets set. Clearly, he has failed to maintain it."
"As regards Craig, his race was rapidly brought to a halt after he was caught out when landing a jump," continued Yves Matton. "His lack of knowledge of the stages proved very costly, because it's a tricky spot that is well known to the more experienced drivers on this rally. Having said that, we have noted that his retirement was similar to the one he suffered in Argentina and we need to look at whether or not we can make the car more able to withstand this type of impact."
"Andreas' approach has been constructive and positive. Following the day of pre-event testing, we knew that the C3 WRC would need to be adapted to his driving style, which doesn't involve left-foot braking at all. Clearly, that takes time and so this rally became something of a prolonged test session. More than the actual result – eighth overall – we think we did some good work together. He managed to identify the points we need to work on first and foremost, and to achieve some initial improvements."
A REVISED LINE-UP FOR RALLY POLAND
The team is already focused on the next event: Rally Poland (29 June – 2 July). Citroën Total Abu Dhabi WRT will be entering C3 WRCs in Poland, for Craig Breen/Scott Martin, Stéphane Lefebvre/Gabin Moreau and Andreas Mikkelsen/Anders Jæger.
"After a series of disappointing results, we have asked Kris Meeke to take a step back for this next rally," explained Yves Matton, Citroën Racing Team Principal. "Kris accepted that this would be in the best interests of the team and we'd like to thank him for his understanding. This break will give him the chance to recharge his batteries and release some of the pressure before preparing for Rally Finland. He won in Finland last year after producing a perfect performance, so we hope he'll come back stronger. At the same time, this change in line-up means we can keep working with Andreas. This first experience was more like a test session than a proper competitive outing. A second rally will give him the chance to use the things he has already learned to get closer to the leading guys. Moreover, he is particularly fond of Rally Poland since he won the event last year."
"We also remain committed to supporting our young drivers with Craig Breen and Stéphane Lefebvre, who will both be competing at the next round," continued Yves Matton. "They both took part in the 2016 Rally Poland, and recorded decent performances. They will therefore have a good opportunity to show what they can do. Having said that, their main target will remain to get to the finish without making any mistakes."
In order to prepare for round eight of the WRC, the team will spend four days testing in Poland. Andreas Mikkelsen, Craig Breen and Stéphane Lefebvre will take turns behind the wheel of the C3 WRC. Meanwhile, Kris Meeke and Paul Nagle will take part in recce for Rally Poland.
Consolatory podium for Hyundai in Rally Italia Sardegna
Podium for Latvala, points and fastest times for Lappi and Hänninen
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IT leaders says that using personal devices when working remotely poses the biggest safety threat to organisations.
Remote working is a rising trend around the world. Many people use their personal devices for work purposes, from checking emails on a smartphone to accessing documents on the cloud via a personal laptop.
While this can be really convenient for team members, it also presents a source of anxiety for IT leaders.
According to a survey of 100 senior IT security professionals based in the UK carried out by Duo Security, remote working is a major issue. 58pc of respondents believe that network access from non-corporate and personally owned devices is the biggest problem when it comes to managing remote users.
Remote work is on the rise in general, with 75pc of respondents saying that their users now connect remotely to work apps at least 25pc of the time. Advisory CISO at Duo, Richard Archdeacon, said that enterprise mobility is one of the biggest security puzzles at present.
Nearly half (48pc) of security professionals ranked external suppliers and service providers as the most risky, compared to internal employee departments such as the C-suite, sales and field support.
Several high-profile data breaches in recent times have originated from third-party suppliers, supporting this data. According toForrester's 2017 Global Business Technographics Security Survey, 41pc of breaches in the past 12 months were incidents within the organisation, or involved business partners or third-party suppliers.
As well as remote working, the survey found that phishing attacks resulted in twice as many breaches as malware and unpatched systems combined (48pc v 41pc). Archdeacon added: "Outdated devices are particularly vulnerable to being compromised, which can easily spiral into a full-blown, major breach.
Operating on a basis of zero trust, whereby the user's identity and device health are checked and verified every time they access an application, is a good strategy. This helps to minimise the security risks inherent in any bring-your-own-device culture.
As an Expert in High Performance Coaching, Kaitlyn brings fresh news about Wearable Techs and Sport Innovation. She is now contributor at Athis News.


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'Tales From the Darkside' Reboot Returning to the CW?
Image courtesy IMDB
It looks like the days of television horror anthologies like "The Twilight Zone" and "Tales From the Crypt" will be returning soon. While both of these shows have been long rumored to return, it appears that the CW is looking to reboot George A. Romero's 1983 series "Tales From the Darkside," a spin-off of the "Creepshow" films.
Deadline reported earlier that Alex Kurtzman, Bob Orci and Joe Hill, are partnering with the CW to bring about the return of the show. Writer Joe Hill is no stranger to the world of horror, as he made an appearance as Billy in the original "Creepshow" movie. Oh, his father is also the master of terror himself, Stephen King.
Kurtzman, Orci and Hill previously teamed up on a television adaptation of "Locke & Key" for Fox, however it never moved farther than the order for a pilot. While it's still in the very early stages of development, we here at Paranormal Pop Culture will keep you posted on this project.
Hopefully they keep the theme song, which is almost as terrifying as the show itself ...
-Nowal Massari
Labels: Creepshow, CW, George A. Romero, horror, reboot, spin-off, Stephen King, Tales From the Darkside, TV


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Spacious 3 bedroom 1.5 bath Townhome with 2 car garage and courtyard. Living room has vaulted ceilings, ceiling fan, tile flooring and formal dining area. Kitchen has lots of cabinets and separate eat in kitchenette. Power room and laundry areas down stairs. Master bedroom with walk in close. Additional bedrooms and Jack and Jill bath upstairs. Fresh paint, new carpet, clean and ready to move in. Close to schools, shopping and the strip.


Injuries resulting from a truck accident are often catastrophic and sometimes fatal since trucks are large and heavy. You will need a truck accident lawyer in order to get the compensation you deserve. Even with the specialized federal laws in place to reduce truck accidents, truck accidents still occur all too frequently. For instance, despite strict laws regulating a truck driver's time driving, truck driver fatigue is still one of the leading causes of truck accidents.
Truck drivers are not the only potential parties who could be at fault for the truck accident. In fact, other parties may include the truck driver's employer, the manufacturer and/or distributor of the truck or truck parts, and many others. A truck accident lawyer may help determine the responsible party.
Violation of traffic laws. Drivers may speed, tailgate, fail to obey traffic signs or signals, make illegal turns, drive on a no-truck road, etc.
Distracted driving. Examples include texting, talking on the cellphone, or watching a movie.
Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs. Truck drivers who suffer from fatigue often take drugs, such as amphetamines and cocaine, in an effort to help them stay awake. However, amphetamines and cocaine also cause vertigo, agitation, hallucinations and change perceptions and reactions, which negatively affects the truck driver's ability to safely operate the truck.
Driver fatigue. Truck drivers work long hours and often go hours without rest during a shift or between shifts in an effort to meet strict deadlines. Accidents due to tired truck drivers are one of the leading causes of truck accidents.
Violation of federal laws. Pursuant to 49 CFR § 395.5, truck drivers are regulated to take periods of rest both during a shift and between shifts. The length of each shift is also regulated. However, in order to meet nearly impossible deadlines, truck drivers often violate these rest periods or shift periods, which increases the chances that the driver will fall asleep at the wheel from fatigue.
Failing to properly inspect the truck. Trucks are massive vehicles that often suffer from intense wear and tear due to their long hours of constant use. Drivers must frequently inspect their trucks to ensure maintenance of brakes and tires, for example.
If the truck accident occurred while the truck driver was on duty, then the driver's employer may be held responsible for the negligence of its employee under the theory of vicarious liability. Thus, you may assert a claim against the employer for the truck driver's negligence.
If there was a defective part of the truck that caused or contributed to the accident, such as defective tires or brakes, then the manufacturer and distributor of that defective part could also be held responsible for the accident under the theory of product liability.
Design defect. The specification, or design, of the truck or component part was inherently dangerous. Thus, the defect existed from the truck or part's conception.
Manufacturing defect. The truck or component part was properly designed but it was not manufactured according to specification and therefore, the part did not perform as intended. Thus, the defect arose during the manufacturing process.
Warning or labeling defect. The truck or component part lacked adequate warnings or labels cautioning against the dangers of the product. Thus, the defect is the lack of or inadequate warning associated with the dangerous product.
These entities may be held responsible depending upon whether they had primary control or custody of the truck at or near the time of the accident.
Truck drivers fabricating or manipulating their logs to defraud inspectors. Often, drivers will have two logs, one providing the driver's real work time (generally over the mandatory hours) and given to their employers for payroll and the other showing that the driver worked within the statutory time restrictions.
If you sustained injury or know someone who died in a truck accident, call our Paducah and Hopkinsville truck accident lawyer at (270) 443-4431 or toll free (888) 530-4003 for assistance.


Adds to your maximum HP. Each point of Endurance adds 20 to your maximum HP.
Your chance of a critical hit (double damage?) is based on your Critical statistic. It seems to be approximately 0.04% per point in critical; the formula might be (0.9995^critical score)*100%.
Your chance of a dodge (damage reduced by some percentage) is based on your Block statistic. The formula is most likely the same as for Critical.
Your character's health. When this reaches 0, you're out of the battle.
The maximum number of recruits you can bring with you into battle. This stat has no effect in multiplayer dungeons, since you can't bring recruits there.
The number of troops you have with you determines your troops' hitpoints. Each of the two units that join you in battle have HP equal to (their base HP × your troop count ÷ 200), so, for example, at level 3 your level 3 lancers have (341 × 120 ÷ 200)=204.6 HP. Troop count has no effect on the damage your troops deal.
Your battle rating is determined by adding all of your battle stats together, but with Magical Attack multiplied by 1.05 (and rounded down), and HP divided by 5 (and rounded down). This value is shown to other players, and is intended to give a rough idea of how powerful you are.
Hello,so i'm an archer and i care about my critical chance,my critical is 1233 but i dont know my chance of hiting a critical strike.I dont understand your explanation right…am i supposed to do 0.04 x 1233(my critical) and than i get 49.32% chance of critical?Pls explain it.


Ample Table for Everyone, a not-for profit working in the area of food and nutrition insecurity, is seeking a curriculum editor with knowledge of nutritional eating on a budget. This is a short-term project with a deadline of June 1, 2019.
Over the years, we have funded various curricula to mitigate the four obstacles to food security that we have identified (ie, lack of money, lack of time, inaccessibility to nutritious foods, unfamiliarity with a variety of healthy ingredients, cooking methods, and recipes). Ample Table is now ready to take 4 of its curricula that span the ages from pre-natal and young children through to college students and test them for open-sourcing. However, they are not all at the same level of readiness for distribution. We are looking to hire a curriculum developer to ensure consistent quality, look and feel of all materials across the spectrum.


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Ross Campbell
"For me, the biggest thing that I've taken away from it is being able to shift my love, my trust, my happiness, my faith, from people and things to the Word and Jesus," Ross commented.
Ross Campbell teaches middle school English and has lived in Hudson for about a year and a half. He's been attending Faith Community Church (FCC) about that long, too, after a friend invited him to attend a Sunday morning worship service.
"I was initially hesitant, and I'm not sure why," Ross said. "I thought about it, then sent him a text that I'd love to go."
He attended a worship service with his friend and found it to be "an amazing experience."
The same friend also invited Ross to a Bible study with him.
"I had never been to a Bible study," Ross said. "I didn't know what to expect, but my friend explained what it was all about."
Ross started attending a Bible study led by Pastor Tim Prince, which included two other men. Although the group had to stop meeting together because of scheduling conflicts, they still try to get together.
"We're brothers, we're family," Ross said of their friendship.
Now, Ross meets one on one with Tim Prince, either at Tim's home or at FCC. Ross also spends time with the Prince family in the everyday rhythms of life, such as meals or other activities.
Tim and Ross are currently going through an inductive study of the Book of Ephesians.
"We take notes on the text and answer six main questions about the passage," Ross said. The six questions covered are:
Who is God and what is he like?
What has God done / what is he doing, especially through Jesus?
Who are we as a result?
Are there any commands or promises that we need to obey or trust in?
How would life look like if you were really trusting in this?
Why do you think the Spirit brought this to your attention today?
According to Ross, the mentoring relationship he has with Tim has helped his discipleship in a variety of ways.
"For me, the biggest thing that I've taken away from it is being able to shift my love, my trust, my happiness, my faith, from people and things to the Word and Jesus," Ross commented. "It's helped me deal with the ups and downs of life. It's helped me to be a better man and a better person to other people. I can't believe the growth that I've seen in myself over the past year."
Now, Ross finds he spends more time reflecting on Scriptures through journaling and in prayer.
"I have developed a sense of trust that if I have something that's weighing on my heart, I have an outlet in someone willing to listen who is non-judgmental," Ross said. "Tim, not only helps with certain issues, but also guides me to passages in the Word, in order to deal with the issues appropriately."
Ross encourages others at FCC to pursue a mentoring relationship, too.
"If you're hesitant, don't be," Ross said. "If you're scared, reach out to somebody. If there's something weighing on your heart, being in a small group study, or meeting with someone one on one, are great ways to resolve any issues that you're going through."
Ross also encourages others in the church to reach out to the people they know about their faith.
"You don't know the potential impact you can have on someone," Ross said. "I'm forever grateful to my friend who reached out to me. It changed life for the better. I am getting more of a direction on how to be a better person and how to positively impact others."
Ross believes his mentoring relationship with Tim is helping to equip him to mentor others in the future, too.
First published in the summer 2017 edition of "FAITH Hudson" magazine, a publication of Faith Community Church.
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Data management with livestock operations isn't a new concept. Weighing and targeting specific weights isn't a breakthrough. The importance of this however is now becoming even greater. With outbreaks of PEDv dealing huge blows to the hog market, companies like Tyson are now modifying their approach to recover from the limited supply. They are now targeting higher weight hogs. They won't be the only company that will be taking this approach. Smaller, organic producers are largely unaffected today, however there are no guarantees for them either. As the larger companies shift their weight targets, the industry will likely follow suit. As target sell weights of the animals may change, data tracking becomes more important. Producers may now be venturing into new territory as they go from roughly 5-6 months of raising the animal to a longer cycle. This may be a simple feat, however the longer the animal is on the farm, the more it will cost the producer. Keeping eyes on the data and paying attention to market conditions will be the key to maintaining profit margins as the industries settles.
Cattle producers also have a new influencer in the market. Four meat processing plants in Mexico are now able to supply beef to the Canadian market. The Canadian Food Inspection Agency has confirmed that these producers are now able to supply Canada under new export certificates. The CFIA recognizes Mexico's federal inspection system as equivalent to the Canadian system. This new relationship will take some time to establish, so Canadian producers should have time to adjust and react to this newcomer to the Canadian beef market.
All in all, these changes and challenges may require innovation and high attention to detail in livestock operations. Adopting new technologies will more than likely aid in the success for our producers as long as they're used properly and consistently.


Everyone knows how to ride a bike, but not everyone knows how to build a commercial quality recumbent bike that will provide a lifetime of cardio fitness.
Best of all, you'll ride quietly and conveniently in the comfort of your own home, and because a recumbent bike offers you a comfortable, non weight-bearing workout, you'll be able to extend the lengths of your chosen programs. The Endurance B2.5R is commercially engineered and solidly built to provide you with a lifetime of cardio fitness.
Try to find a better recumbent bike or a more comfortably efficient workout, and you'll end up at the health club. Rain or shine, when you're ready to ride, the Endurance B2.5R is always ready to roll.
THE ENDURANCE B2.5R PUTS YOU IN POSITION TO ACHIEVE YOUR CARDIOVASCULAR GOALS!
Endurance bikes are built to perform to the scrutinizing standards of commercial health club equipment. Compare the features of the Endurance B2.5R, and you\\\'ll discover how quality components, precision engineering, state-of-the-art electronics and the best warranty in the industry combine to make Endurance the premier name in home cardio fitness.
Heavy Gauge Welded Steel Construction. The Endurance B2.5R boasts a beautiful silver metallic coat finish on a frame designed to accommodate up to a 400-pound user.
Comfortable Lumbar Support. The non weight-bearing advantage of a recumbent bike is greatly enhanced by the Dura-Firm™ padding with lumbar support featured on the Endurance B2.5R. You\\\'ll be more comfortable extending the length of your workouts, thereby enhancing the cardiovascular benefits of your routines.
Quiet Performance. The 24 lb. precision balanced flywheel and super-silent poly-V belt drive system mean the Endurance B2.5R will take you for a smooth quiet ride.
Profile Matrix LED display provides you with an interactive conduit to the efficiency and monitoring of your workout, including speed, distance, time, resistance, calories, helping you keep your workout interesting and effective.
Rollaway Convenience. Front transport wheels allow you to roll the Endurance B2.5R to a convenient corner or out-of-the-way area of your home.


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Hubble finds ghost light among galaxies stretches far back in time
by NewsdeskScience January 9, 2023 January 9, 2023
The survey included 10 galaxy clusters as far away as nearly 10 billion light-years…reports Asian Lite News In giant clusters of hundreds or thousands of galaxies, innumerable stars wander like…


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Q: Relationship between brushless coil inductance and back EMF as a function of phase angle In general, does the inductance across the coils of a brushless motor have the same waveform as the back EMF? That is, if back EMF is sinusoidal, should I expect the inductance to be sinusoidal [with twice the frequency]?
My understanding is that the inductance of a coil in the stator changes with rotor position when the nearby permeable material in the rotor magnets changes the effective permeability of the inductor depending on their proximity to the rotor magnets. I am assuming that the small test signal to probe inductance doesn't saturate the magnetic material, so it stays linear and reacts identically independent of the pole orientation. However, it's beyond my introductory understanding of magnetism whether the geometry that produces a certain waveform for back EMF also varies the inductance in the same way.
So far, I've taken a crude look at the inductance of a motor with a sinusoidal back EMF signal:

The measurement circuit
I see a vaguely sinusoidal dependence on rotor angle, but this preliminary glance was exceptionally ad hoc, using the ADC of a cheap microcontroller and a tabletop function generator to get a quick look into the system. I'm seeking a theoretical relationship between the inductance and back EMF before moving much further with the idea.

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