Read more at Raleigh Commuters blog, from where I stole this photo.
That's one opinion, Christian. I ride a similar bike–a fixed-gear SE Lager with bullhorn handlebars–and I love it.
Too, this Raleigh reminds me of the Redline 925 single speed (which I saw someone riding down Commonwealth Ave in Boston recently). Other than the dropdowns, it's outfitted similarly.
There are many different preferences for position on commuter bikes. I personally find the upright position uncomfortable and really dislike flat handlebars for there lack of variety in hand positions. To me, this bike is just what I am looking for in a commuter. It just needs a rack, bags, lights and bottle cages.
Cada uno a su gusto.
If it's anything like my Lager, Miguel, I'd recommend it. I think it's got a flip-flop hub in the back, and I'd recommend fixie–lots of fun.
I ride my 925 in slacks all the time, there's no need for me to be completely upright.
Christian: the One Way is definitely not a racing bike, and drop bars don't mean "hunched over," it just means more hand positions. Ivan has his bars lower than his seat, but on my One Way the bars and seat are at the same level. There's nothing to stop you from raising the bars even higher if you want.
And last I checked, Basso's home country of Italy makes him a European. The photo also doesn't show him in any cycling clothes.
I love my One Way too… but I loved it even more after I ditched the boat anchor tires (heaviest tire I have ever seen in that width), with some 28c GatorSkins. Unfortunately, I also had to get some narrower fenders because the stock ones act like a sail with 28c tires on there.
Sympathizing with Christian, except that people don't **need** a European commuting bike… but… where do I put my anything that I'm carrying? Where are the lights? Forget chain guard. And no turn signals, either 😉 – And I bet it comes at a dear price.
Not necessarily hunched over, but I'm also not a dropped-bar girl. It's got lots of positions – but none of 'em comfortable as my hybrids… but that's a personal preference thing.
City riding, perhaps… commuter? Not quite.
Consider the distance. I like the uprights for the easy ride to the grocery around the corner, but give me the drops for my 12 mile forty-five minute commute.
Drops are perfectly good on commuters if that is what you prefer. I happen to prefer 'flared' drops, especially with my hilly 10-mile commute. Im sure after decades in the drops, Basso feels most comfortable there as well.
To voice another opinion on the whole upright versus aggressive geometry bicycles: I rode a very upright bike, got around, and it was okay. I rode aggressively for what that bicycle was capable of, but I didn't like riding in traffic or dealing with rain and wind. Then I got a road bike, which I ride mostly in the drops, and that all changed.
Having a bicycle with the option of an aggressive position gives you a whole slew of available options. I can sprint and keep up with traffic in the city, including from a full and proper stop, dodge potholes, hop, lose traction and recover with my low center of gravity. On a MUP I almost never get passed.
It's a personal preference, sure, but if one has any real desire to go fast (18 – 22 mph cruising speed), a low, aggressive geometry is wonderful for city riding.
Plus good mess bags distribute the weight in a way that is compatible with the hunched over position, not the more upright one.
Bike is fantastic. There are a few great, new bikes from Raleigh but it's virtually impossible to find a dealer that has any in their store in So Cal. It's all about the usual brands and carbon this and massive suspension downhill that.
It is a very nice bike. Has a nice vintage look. Looks like something cyclocross bike from many years ago. I however wouldn't survive a Canadian winter riding in those clothes:-). So while you are taking the bus in winter or are cleaning your bike in summer, I'll take my Dutch bike for a ride to the supermarket. Riding upright helps me to watch traffic better and makes me more visible, instead of weaving through downtown traffic like a madman pretending to be a courier. A bike downtown is a means of transportation not a mode of exercise. (And you are just a few seconds faster if you ride like crazy). Ride safe and civilized, don't give people a reason to complain about cyclists. I would like to ride fixie once, but there is probably a reason why you only see them outside in summer.
I've bought a Raleigh One Way in 2008 and I've been riding it very happily ever since. It looked identical to the one in the photo when I bought it. I put 5-6000 commuting miles on it in Chicago each year and it's held up well. I put a bigger chainring on the front (48), and I have a second wheel set with studded tires for the snow and ice. I love that Basso rode one, or at least posed with one. It goes fast enough when it needs to, especially with my summer tires (25s). And it's solid enough for the snow and for hauling my computer and clothes in panniers. I had it set up the same as my road bike, which only gets a couple of thousand miles a year. So the Raleigh is my main bike.


What are we playing for?
How many strokes are you giving me?
A few laughs and jokes are shared then we grab our driver and swing to loosen up as we wait for the next foursome to make it to the green and open up the fairway. As we talk on the tee box, the golf course scorecard sits alone in the cart with so much more to tell us. It knows it will be discarded after the round but its greatest heartache comes at the beginning of the round as its wisdom and insight into the course is ignored.
Not all scorecards are created equal. It depends on the course manager and the level of players that define what the scorecard can tell you. There is information that can help set your expectations of your performance.
We will look at each of these in coming articles but let's address the simple ones now.
If you are new to a course, getting a overview of the hole before hitting your first shot is crucial. A good pictorial description of the course may be simplified but it will show you doglegs, bunker locations, water hazards, and green shape.
Pictorial description of hole layout including location of bunkers and prominent trees along with shape of green.
This scorecard shows a clear picture of what the hole has in store for you incase a hill blocks your vision.
Good courses will rotate pin placement to help the green not get trampled. The course will divide each green into three to six sectors. The start will tell you the pin place is "2" today. The scorecard will then tell you where zone 2 is for each green. This will help your depth perception from 150 yards out.
Depth of green measurement with pin placement locations. Also pictorial description of hole layout.
The scorecard above shows the six various locations of the pin. The pro shop or starter should tell you what the pin position of the day is. As a bonus, it also includes the depth of the green.
You ever look at a green from 160 yards out and try to think you can hold it. What if they is only 10 yards beyond the flag? Nothing worse that hitting the green and rolling off the back. This will usually leave you with a downhill putt back to the hole. Green depth will tell you how many yards deep a green. This knowledge will help you decide how aggressive to be going for the green and the pin.
Pin placement based and green dimensions of width and depth.
This scorecard gives the width and depth of the green for an added level of awareness.
Which holes have drop areas beyond environmental hazard area?
Local yardage markers or stake locations.
Which stakes are water hazard or lateral hazards?
What are the references for distance posted on sprinkler heads?
Golf course local rules including environmental ares and reference for distance calculations.
Golf course rules along with notice of drop area on #6 and all Par 3s are cart path only.
These two scorecards have useful information about the course including drop area and measurement reference points.
Does peer pressure ever get you to play from the wrong set of tees? Knowing where to play from leads to a more enjoyable game. Playing the course in longer format doesn't win you more points just more strokes.
The scorecard above gives recommendations based on handicap for which tee box to play from. Basically, they want you to be shooing in the mid 80s to play form the blues.
So on your next round, prop your feet up on the golf cart and give the scorecard a good once over. There is probably some information that will be useful to know before your first tee shot.
What do you find useful on scorecards? What would you like see added to scorecards?


text:
<?php

namespace Symfony\Component\Serializer\Normalizer;

use Symfony\Component\Serializer\SerializerInterface;

/*
 * This file is part of the Symfony framework.
 *
 * (c) Fabien Potencier <fabien.potencier@symfony-project.com>
 *
 * This source file is subject to the MIT license that is bundled
 * with this source code in the file LICENSE.
 */

/**
 * Abstract Normalizer implementation
 *
 * @author Jordi Boggiano <j.boggiano@seld.be>
 */
abstract class AbstractNormalizer implements NormalizerInterface
{
    protected $serializer;

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function setSerializer(SerializerInterface $serializer)
    {
        $this->serializer = $serializer;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function getSerializer()
    {
        return $this->serializer;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Encyclopedias almanacs transcripts and maps
Mahr is a gift that the Muslim bridegroom offers the bride upon marriage. It is also called sadaq, an Arabic term that implies "friendship." In English, mahr has commonly been translated as "dower." Mahr is an integral part of every Islamic marriage contract: there can be no marriage without it. It becomes the exclusive property of the bride after marriage, and she can dispose of it in whatever way she wishes. The exact amount of mahr is often agreed upon prior to marriage and is specified in the contract—mahr al-musamma (definite mahr). If the amount is not specified, the bride is entitled to mahr al-mithl (average mahr), which is determined on the basis of her personal qualities, her family position, and the prevailing mahr among her people. Mahr can also be divided into two portions, the "prompt" portion, which is paid at the time of marriage, and the "deferred" portion, which is payable only if the husband divorces his wife, or dies. If a man dies without paying his wife's mahr, it is considered as a debt to be paid from his estate.
There is a general and implicit agreement among the different schools of Islamic law that mahr is a corollary of the exchange element of the marriage contract. Classical jurists often speak of it as a price/compensation (˓awad, sometimes ˓iwad) that the man pays for the exclusive right to the sexual and productive faculties of a woman, analogous to the price paid in the contract of sale. Modern writers, however, regard mahr as an expression of honor for a woman's worth and as a means of providing her with economic security during and after marriage. The rules regulating mahr negate this view: It is linked merely to the act of consummation, not to any other aspect of the marriage contract. For example, a woman becomes entitled to mahr only after the consummation of the marriage; at the same time, she can refrain from sexual submission unless she receives her mahr in full.
Despite the uniformity among all schools of Islamic law on the definition of mahr and the rules governing it, Muslim societies vary greatly as to its practice. In some countries, like Morocco, the bulk of the mahr is paid to the father of the bride, who uses it to provide her with a trousseau for her wedding, and the deferred portion is nominal. In other countries, like Iran, no transfer of wealth takes place at the time of marriage and mahr becomes payable only if and when divorce occurs: It is seen as a safeguard, and a woman can effectively use her mahr as a negotiating card to obtain either a divorce or custody of her children in the event of the breakdown of the marriage. The value and practice of mahr also varies with social class, and with the wealth of the families. As marriages are usually arranged by the parents of the spouses, they often agree on the amount of mahr. In many cases, a woman has no control over her mahr, as the entire amount is received by her father who might use it to secure brides for his sons. Throughout the Muslim world, moreover, there are a number of customary payments and exchanges made on the occasion of marriage, which bear little or no relation to the formal legal requirement of mahr.
See alsoDivorce ; Law ; Marriage .
Maghniyyah, Muhammad Jawad. Marriage According to FiveSchools of Islamic Law. Tehran: Department of Translation and Publication, Islamic Culture and Relations Organization, 1997.
Mir-Hosseini, Ziba. Marriage on Trial: A Study of IslamicFamily Law; Iran and Morocco Compared. London: I. B. Tauris, 1993.
Ziba Mir-Hosseini
Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World
"Mahr ." Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World . . Encyclopedia.com. 20 Jan. 2020 <https://www.encyclopedia.com>.
"Mahr ." Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World . . Encyclopedia.com. (January 20, 2020). https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/mahr
"Mahr ." Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World . . Retrieved January 20, 2020 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/mahr

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Ilford residents could be fined for using black bin bags as part of new anti fly-tipping trial
Ellena Cruse
Residents in the selected area must use red bin bags and put out rubbish between 7pm and 7am. Picture: Jim Anderson
Ilford residents will be fined for not putting out their rubbish in red bin liners
No, we are not leading you down the garden path, occupants of flats on Woodlands Road will face up to a £400 penalty if they use the traditional black plastic sacks.
Redbridge Council introduced this new rule on Monday (September 24) as part of a three-month test to whittle out the perpetrators of fly-tipping.
The pilot was thought up after it was discovered that one of the most reported types of fly-tipping were "sightings of black bags grouped together."
The local authority wants to investigate if these reports are actually just residents putting out their trash for collection or if something more sinister is at play.
Each property in the trial, which are all flats above shops, has received a supply of five red bags per week.
Occupiers have been told to place their red bags out Monday to Friday between 7pm and 7am to ensure that waste is not left out all day.
If residents put out their rubbish at any other times they will be fined and if they use another colour plastic bag they will be fined.
A letter has been sent to households in the trial and officers visited each property before the scheme started to ensure all residents were aware of the new arrangements.
Cllr John Howard, cabinet member for civic pride, said fly-tipping has decreased across the borough as a whole and this initiative will help identify the source of the rubbish.
"Grime crime has no place in our borough and we have made it very clear that we will do everything in our power to stamp it out," he said.
"This scheme aims to stop people spoiling their neighbourhoods by dumping their rubbish in the street which attracts further fly-tipping, littering and illegally dumped commercial waste from adjacent shops.
"All residents in the scheme have been fully informed of the new arrangements and should now dispose of their rubbish responsibly or they can expect to face on the spot fines or prosecution."
The pilot will be reviewed after three months and a decision on whether to roll out the scheme more widely will be taken following resident feedback and evidence collected.
Redbridge Council


Lynn demonstrates how to make a Southern Dish -- White Cheddar Grits. This is a delicious dish to serve at breakfast or a brunch. It would be wonderful served during the holidays.
In a saucepan, combine water, half and half, salt and white pepper and bring to a boil. Slowly pour grits into boiling water while whisking the entire time. This splatters and is very hot, so be careful. Reduce to low heat and continue to whisk often, until thick and completely smooth, about 10 minutes.
Add cheese and stir gently until cheese melts. Whisk again to combine. Turn heat off and allow grits to rest 5 minutes. Add butter and stir until completely smooth, silky and shiny.


(1)	The figures for the full year 2012 and at December 31, 2012 have been restated following the adoption of IAS 19 Revised.
The CNH Industrial Group reported 2013 net revenues of €25.8 billion, in line with 2012; on a constant currency basis revenues increased 4.3%.
Agricultural and Construction Equipment reported revenues of €16.0 billion for the year, in line with 2012 (up 4.7% on a constant currency basis) as strong demand for Agricultural Equipment continued to offset a challenging business environment in the Construction Equipment business. The geographic distribution of industrial net revenues for the year was 43% NAFTA, 28% EMEA, 18% LATAM, and 11% APAC.
Agricultural Equipment full-year net revenues were up 3.6% over 2012 (up 9% on a constant currency basis) driven by positive net pricing, increased volumes and favorable product mix. All geographic regions except APAC reported increased revenue on a constant currency basis. Worldwide Agricultural Equipment market share performance was substantially flat for both tractors and combines. Worldwide Agricultural Equipment production was in line with retail sales during 2013 but 17% below retail sales for the fourth quarter, as the CNH Industrial Group implemented the scheduled production slowdown to reduce company and dealer inventory to target year-end levels.
Construction Equipment net revenues decreased 16.4% over 2012 (down 11% on a constant currency basis), as continued weakness in most geographic regions was only partially offset by strength in LATAM. Worldwide Construction Equipment market share was substantially flat for both heavy and light equipment. Worldwide Construction Equipment production was 4% below retail sales for 2013, reflecting actions taken in the fourth quarter to realign dealer inventory to retail demand.
Trucks and Commercial Vehicles reported full-year revenues of €8.8 billion, an increase of 1.5% on a constant currency basis (-1.9% on a reported basis). A modest recovery in demand in Europe, mainly in the fourth quarter of 2013, and a sustained increase in LATAM were largely offset by the negative market mix of products sold, as well as reduced activity in the parts and services business.
Powertrain reported 2013 revenues of €3.3 billion, an increase of 13.6% over the prior year (up 14.6% on a constant currency basis) with higher volumes recorded for both CNH Industrial Group companies and external customers. For 2013, sales to external customers accounted for 34% of total revenues, in line with 2012.
The CNH Industrial Group reported trading profit for the year of €1,985 million (trading margin of 7.7%), down €78 million largely as a result of negative exchange rates. On a constant currency basis, trading profit was in line with 2012 as higher volumes and positive mix in the Agricultural and Construction Equipment Segment and higher revenues and better capacity utilization for Powertrain compensated for Euro VI transitional costs and a less favorable product mix and pricing environment in the Trucks and Commercial Vehicles Segment.
(1)	The figures for the full year 2012 have been restated following the adoption of IAS 19 Revised.
Agricultural and Construction Equipment trading profit increased to €1,783 million for the year, up €229 million (+14.7%) from the prior year, with a trading margin of 11.1% (9.7% in 2012), reflecting positive pricing, mix and industrial productivity compared to 2012.
Trucks and Commercial Vehicles closed the year with a trading profit of €101 million, compared to €466 million for 2012. Negative market and product mix and tight price competition continued to affect margins primarily in Southern Europe. In LATAM, new product launch costs and unfavorable foreign exchange rate impacts more than offset positive market trends and pricing.
Net financial expense totaled €463 million for 2013, compared to €467 million for 2012.
Income taxes totaled €590 million, representing an effective tax rate of 39% for the year, slightly above full year CNH Industrial Group expectations mainly due to one-time merger related impacts. For 2014, CNH Industrial Group expects an effective tax rate between 35% and 38%.
CNH Industrial Group net profit was €917 million for 2013 (€900 million for 2012), or €0.63 per share (€0.65 for 2012).
Profit attributable to owners of the parent was €789 million for 2013 compared to €791 million for 2012.
Equity attributable to owners of the parent of CNH Industrial at December 31, 2013 was €5,504 million compared to €4,628 million at December 31, 2012.
Net debt at December 31, 2013 came to €16,888 million (€15,994 million at December 31, 2012). Net industrial debt of €1,592 million at December 31, 2013 was €50 million lower than year-end 2012.


text:
Q: Error using additive blending in WebGL I'm developing a game engine in JavaScript and webgl and using the forward rendering technique, one pass for each light source in the scene.
I'm using additive blending for the second pass and it works quite well except when I need to light objects with transparent textures. In this case, I get the nasty artifact you can see in the picture below. Keep in mind objects in the scene are sorted by z (from far to near) and transparent objects are rendered after the opaque ones. I'm using the blend function gl.ONE - gl.ONE but, to be honest I tried randomly almost every possible combination that could make sense.
Anyone can give me an hint of how to fix this problem?

A: I am debugging what I think is a similar issue. What I discovered is that the underlying page is showing through on pixels that have alpha less than 1. I seem to be getting this even when blending is disabled, or whatever blending mode is set. One way to debug this is change the background color on your page and see if it changes the result.
Check when you create your WebGL context if you are specifying true for 'alpha'. If so, try changing to false. This means that the browser will treat your canvas as completely opaque.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Oracle making one to one join I want to make one-to-many join from many-to-many. Two tables samples:
PRODUCTION:

ORDER
PRODUCED_AMOUNT
PRODUCT_ID

Order1
1000
ProductID1

Order1
1000
ProductID1

Order1
5000
ProductID2

ORDERS:

ORDER
AMOUNT_TO_PRODUCE
PRODUCT
PRODUCT_ID

Order1
600
Product1 - note1
ProductID1

Order1
600
Product1 - note2
ProductID1

Order1
600
Product1 - note3
ProductID1

Order1
5000
Product2
ProductID2

If I write a sample query like
SELECT ORDERS.ORDER, ORDER.AMOUNT_TO_PRODUCE, SUM(PRODUCTION.PRODUCED_AMOUNT), ORDERS.PRODUCT
FROM ORDERS JOIN PRODUCTION ON ORDERS.PRODUCT_ID = PRODUCTION.PRODUCT_ID
GROUP BY ORDERS.ORDER, ORDER.AMOUNT_TO_PRODUCE, ORDERS.PRODUCT

I get

ORDER
AMOUNT_TO_PRODUCE
PRODUCED_AMOUNT
PRODUCT

Order1
600
2000
Product1 - note1

Order1
600
2000
Product1 - note2

Order1
600
2000
Product1 - note3

Order1
5000
5000
Product2

But I want

ORDER
AMOUNT_TO_PRODUCE
PRODUCED_AMOUNT
PRODUCT

Order1
600
2000
Product1 - note1

Order1
600
0
Product1 - note2

Order1
600
0
Product1 - note3

Order1
5000
5000
Product2

A: It looks like you want to find the total amount produced and join it to the first row in the orders table per order and product id. If that's the case, you should:

*

*sum the production rows before joining them

*identify the first row in the orders table per order and product id, which you can do by using the row_number() analytic function

*join both together, which will involve an outer join of the summed production rows to the orders table

You can do this like so:
WITH production AS (SELECT 'Order1' order_num, 1000 produced_amount, 'ProductID1' product_id FROM dual UNION ALL
                    SELECT 'Order1' order_num, 1000 produced_amount, 'ProductID1' product_id FROM dual UNION ALL
                    SELECT 'Order1' order_num, 5000 produced_amount, 'ProductID2' product_id FROM dual),
         orders AS (SELECT 'Order1' order_num, 600 amount_to_produce, 'Product1 - note1' product, 'ProductID1' product_id FROM dual UNION ALL
                    SELECT 'Order1' order_num, 600 amount_to_produce, 'Product1 - note2' product, 'ProductID1' product_id FROM dual UNION ALL
                    SELECT 'Order1' order_num, 600 amount_to_produce, 'Product1 - note3' product, 'ProductID1' product_id FROM dual UNION ALL
                    SELECT 'Order1' order_num, 5000 amount_to_produce, 'Product2' product, 'ProductID2' product_id FROM dual),
    -- end of mimicking your tables; main query below
    prdctn_amts AS (SELECT order_num,
                           SUM(produced_amount) total_produced_amount,
                           product_id
                    FROM   production
                    GROUP BY order_num,
                             product_id),
     order_dets AS (SELECT order_num,
                           amount_to_produce,
                           product,
                           product_id,
                           row_number () OVER (PARTITION BY order_num, product_id ORDER BY product) rn
                    FROM   orders)
SELECT o.order_num,
       o.amount_to_produce,
       NVL(p.total_produced_amount, 0)
       total_produced_amount,
       o.product
FROM   order_dets o
       LEFT OUTER JOIN prdctn_amts p ON o.order_num = p.order_num
                                        AND o.product_id = p.product_id
                                        AND o.rn = 1
ORDER BY o.order_num,
         o.product_id,
         o.rn;

which produces the following output:
ORDER_NUM AMOUNT_TO_PRODUCE TOTAL_PRODUCED_AMOUNT PRODUCT
--------- ----------------- --------------------- ----------------
Order1                  600                  2000 Product1 - note1
Order1                  600                     0 Product1 - note2
Order1                  600                     0 Product1 - note3
Order1                 5000                  5000 Product2

N.B. You wouldn't need the first two subqueries in the with clause; I've added them so I could mimic your two tables, whereas you would just reference the two tables directly. Also, as ORDER is a reserved word in Oracle, I avoided having to use " to encapsulate the column name every time I needed to reference it by changing the column name to ORDER_NUM.


DS1990A iButtons pre-installed in keyfobs (also known as keytabs), ready to use. Also available: more iButton and keyfob models and custom printing.
Building your own iButton device? We have a variety of iButton probes and receptors with and without LEDs, all of which are operated by iButtons.
Use your iButtons as "keys" to secure important spaces. Two different models are available. Also available: iButton Readers with USB interfaces!
We offer 14 models of high-quality Demiurg RFID readers, some with 1-Wire outputs, some with RS-232 outputs; some with LEDs and some without.
When you make a purchase on this web site, the moment you click the Buy Now button you are transferred to a secure site run by Volusion, Inc. Volusion is an ecommerce provider that has vast experience handling personal information. If you make a purchase at the site, no one at TimePilot ever sees your credit card number.


Hygen dust mop with fringe is made with high-pile, 100 percent microfiber that collects and holds dust and dirt mechanically and electrostatically for superior dusting results. Looped fringe construction grabs and holds larger dust particles and debris. Dense, 3 to 5 micrometer, quality fiber removes more dust, dirt and microbes than conventional cleaning products. Advanced hook-and-loop backing holds up under harsh laundering conditions and attaches pads more securely. Double-finished edges retain mop shape with use over time.


Shades of aqua are such a favorite around here, and these tiny beads are a jewel in our collection. The pastel finish gives the clear aqua color a pearly gleam. You'll find so many uses, from spacers to beadweaving. There are endless ways to use this gorgeous little treasure. True2 Czech fire polish beads are more consistently sized than other 2mm fire polish beads. Their precision cut facets sparkle like tiny crystals, but are completely lead-free. The generous .8mm hole will accommodate many passes of thread in beadweaving, and Tuff Cord #2, Superlon D or Micro C-Lon will easily go through twice to ladder or weave.


After the rough coast to coast road trip that saw Kansas City go 1-1, the team returns home for the first of three straight at home on Saturday night against the Portland Timbers.
Portland comes into the game after spending the last two weeks playing the San Jose Earthquakes home and away. The home match was marred by situations on and off the field. Off the field it was from attacks and confrontations from fans that prompted the Earthquakes to make a statement regarding their supporters. On the field, it was Alan Gordon's homophobic slur that drew a lot of people's attention. In the return leg the next week in San Jose, things were quite tame in comparison. The Timbers have looked like a much improved side under Caleb Porter and currently sit on 10 points with a 2-1-4 record. Will Johnson has really been a key for them since coming over from Salt Lake in the offseason. Former Wizard, Michael Harrington has also been making the most of his return to a starting position.
With the frustrations of LA now behind them, Kansas City will hope to put the performance behind them quickly with a solid performance against the Timbers. The question is whether Peter Vermes will stick with the same lineup that's gotten them through their recent unbeaten run, or switch things up. Oriol Rosell had a very poor game against LA and was replaced at half time by Peterson Joseph, does Vermes throw Joseph his first start of the season over the Spaniard? Another option would be to let Soony Saad or Bobby Convey get a start in place of CJ Sapong. In the end though I'd be surprised if Vermes changes up the lineup, unless there is an injury.
Number to Remember - 1 - Last year Portland ended KC's 7 game winning streak to start the season with a 1-0 win at Jeld-Wen Field last year. The lone goal in that game a Chance Myers own goal that allowed Portland to grab the win.
Key Match Up Graham Zusi vs Michael Harrington - Harrington's played both wingback positions for Portland this season since his move up there, recently he's played on the left which would match him up with KC's Zusi. It'd also force him to be mindful of the overlapping runs of Myers that have caused trouble for teams.
PREDICTION - Back at home Kansas City hasn't been lighting up the score board, but are really controlling play and getting results. The shutout streak may be over, but the team is still very well off defensively. The Timbers are one of the few teams left in the league that haven't been shutout yet this season, so KC's defense will need to find a way to shut them down. Meanwhile KC's attack really could use a game to just break out and get their confidence up.


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text:
UT Austin bans TikTok on campus, citing security concerns
Friday, January 20, 2023 by: Ramon Tomey
Tags: banned, big government, Big Tech, CCP, China, data collection, government devices, Greg Abbott, Kristi Noem, national security, privacy watch, public schools, South Dakota, Spencer Cox, surveillance, Texas, TikTok, UT Austin, Utah
(Natural News) The University of Texas at Austin (UT Austin) has banned the use of Chinese video app TikTok on campus networks, following security concerns brought up by state and federal officials.
UT Austin announced in Jan. 17 that it is permanently blocking TikTok's access on its systems. Devices connected to the campus network via Wi-Fi or wired connections will be prohibited from accessing the app. The move was in line with an order by Texas Gov. Greg Abbott banning all state employees and officers from downloading or using TikTok on government-issued devices.
"The university is taking these important steps to eliminate risks to information contained in the university's network, and to our critical infrastructure," wrote Jeff Nyland, adviser to the UT president for technology strategy.
"As outlined in the governor's directive, TikTok harvests vast amounts of data from its user's devices – including when, where and how they conduct internet activity – and offers this trove of potentially sensitive information to the Chinese government."
Nyland wrote that "legitimate uses of TikTok to support university functions … will be considered." However, an exemption must first be requested through UT's Information Security Office. The said exemption must ultimately be reviewed and approved by the university president, university chancellor and the governor's office.
Once approved, any exemptions will require TikTok to be accessed on "an isolated, single-purpose university-issued device not connected to the university's Wi-Fi or wired network."
UT Austin is not the only higher education institution that banned TikTok.
In December 2022, the University of Oklahoma announced it would ban internet access to TikTok. This followed an executive order by Oklahoma Gov. Kevin Stitt banning government networks and devices from accessing the video-sharing app.
Boise State University also blocked access to TikTok on its networks following an order from Idaho Gov. Brad Little. It said students who want to access the app may do so using their own mobile data plan. Auburn University also blocked the app on its network after a similar edict by Alabama Gov. Kay Ivey. (Related: Alabama, Utah ban TikTok on state-owned devices over security concerns.)
TikTok now banned in several states
State and federal officials are concerned about whether the Chinese government can access data from American users through TikTok. At least 25 states have announced prohibitions on TikTok, citing national security concerns.
In December 2022, Utah Gov. Spencer Cox announced a ban on TikTok. His edict ordered that state employees may not download the app, access it or visit any TikTok website on state-owned devices. Cox's order applies to all agencies under the executive branch in the Beehive State.
"China's access to data collected by TikTok presents a threat to our cybersecurity," thbige governor said in a statement. "As a result, we've deleted our TikTok account and ordered the same on all state-owned devices. We must protect Utahns and make sure that the people of Utah can trust the state's security systems."
In late November 2022, South Dakota Gov. Kristi Noem announced a ban on TikTok on state-owned devices through an executive order that immediately took effect.
"South Dakota will have no part in the intelligence-gathering operations of nations who hate us," she said in a press release. "The Chinese Communist Party uses information that it gathers on TikTok to manipulate the American people, and they gather data off the devices that access the platform."
Watch this G News report about Maryland Gov. Larry Hogan banning TikTok on state devices.
US lawmakers unveil bipartisan bill to ban TikTok.
Indiana sues Tiktok over consumer data access and sexual content.
Taiwan bans TikTok from government devices, mulls nationwide prohibition.
South Dakota Governor Kristi Noem bans TikTok on state-owned devices, citing app's intelligence gathering operations.
SCMP.com
IT.UTexas.edu
MSN.com=
Previous :CHURNING OUT DEATH: Moderna CEO wants mRNA vaccine factories on every continent
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https://www.naturalnews.com/2023-01-20-ut-austin-bans-tiktok-access-on-campus.html
UT Austin bans TikTok on campus, citing security concerns


text:
Contact/information
Early Years books
Christian Teaching
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Primary Computing Resources
weebee Reading Scheme Series 2
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Christianity has been intimately connected with education since its beginning and like Martin Luther, Crossbridge Books believes in education so "that there will always be preachers, jurists, pastors, writers, physicians, schoolmasters, and the like, for we cannot do without them."
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This book has more than a hundred different ideas for creative activities to do with children roughly aged between three and five years, although younger and older children can enjoy many of these open-ended activities at their own level. Most of the materials used will cost you nothing as they can be recycled from everyday household objects and supermarket supplies. For some of the activities materials can be gathered from the garden or park. All the activities have been tried and tested as evidenced by the wealth of photographs that illustrate the activities.
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For fans of the book 'The Long Walk; The True Story of a Trek to Freedom', or fans of books about the Eastern Front of the Great War, this book will not disappoint.
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ISBN: 978 1 913946 91 3 Price £16.00
Release date: March 15th 2023


text:
Rediff.com » News » SC asks Guj HC to hear plea for SIT to probe Ishrat killing
SC asks Guj HC to hear plea for SIT to probe Ishrat killing
Source: PTI
September 06, 2010 16:44 IST
The Supreme Court asked the Gujarat High Court to consider and pass appropriate order for constituting a separate Special Investigation Team (SIT) for probing the case relating to killing of Ishrat Jahan in an encounter.
A bench comprising Justices B Sudershan Reddy and S S Nijjar also asked the High Court to consider the application filed by apex court-appointed SIT, headed by former CBI director R K Raghvan, expressing inability to probe the case. The bench issued notice to Ishrat Jahan's mother Shamina Kausar on the petition filed by the Gujarat government seeking that the probe of the case be entrusted to the SIT, recently constituted by the state government.
The Gujarat government has also challenged the partial acceptance of Tamang Committee report of September 7, 2009 which had held the encounter as "fake"
and sought prosecution of the officers responsible for it. Mumbai-based Ishrat, was killed in an encounter along with Javed Ghulam Sheikh alias Pranesh Kumar Pillai, Amjad Ali alias Rajkumar Akbar Ali Rana and Jisan Johar Abdul Gani by crime branch officials near Ahmedabad on June 15, 2004.
The Gujarat Police at the time of encounter had claimed that Ishrat and three others were Lashkar-e-Tayiba operatives on a mission to kill Chief Minister Narendra Modi. It had also claimed that the encounter was carried out based on specific inputs from the Central Intelligence that Lashkar-e-Taiba was planning to carry out attacks on various parts of the country.
The apex court had earlier stayed all further proceedings in Gujarat High Court relating to the killings after Ishrat's mother approached it challenging the stay granted by the single judge.
Source: PTI© Copyright 2020 PTI. All rights reserved. Republication or redistribution of PTI content, including by framing or similar means, is expressly prohibited without the prior written consent.
Related News: Gujarat High Court, Ishrat Jahan, SIT, director R K Raghvan, Supreme Court
Ishrat Jahan encounter probe too goes to SIT
Gujarat opposes CBI probe in Ishrat encounter case


text:
RAW NEWS
"The 17th April will be remembered in the history of the Inner West as the day the anti-people NSW Government sold us out. The day that a Minister couldn't bring himself to put his name to the approval document for Stage 3 of WestConnex, but could only manage an illegible childish scrawl."
"We only heard about it on Friday although it was signed 10 days prior in secret and kept under wraps. The biggest infrastructure deal in NSW, 9 times the budget of the Snowy scheme and the death warrant is delivered without so much as a whimper."
"Why? Because it is on the nose. And they know it. It's toxic. A Ponzi scheme. A house of cards that threatens to topple and bring Berejiklian's Government crashing down around her ears."
"To describe it in terms of death is no exaggeration. It is impossible to import 50 tonnes of carcinogenic particulate matter via the four unfiltered exhaust stacks into Rozelle annually and not have people die."
"To build any underground tollway without filtration is criminal. Berejiklian said as much in parliament when it was proposed by the Labor Party a few years back."
"Taking toll money from those who can't afford it in Sydney's least affluent demographic just so Abbot can get from the north shore to the airport without seeing a traffic light, is a long way from a fair go."
"Privatising the roads to line the pockets of multinationals is equally abhorrent. Politicians using infrastructure projects as stepping stones to secure their futures with those same companies surely stretches the limits of legality."
"We vow to press on with our campaigns to encourage Super funds not to invest, to push for filtration if all else fails, to expose the fallacious claims by the RMS that they adopt world's best practice and their statement that filtration doesn't work – and to encourage the Labor Party to not only continue their anti-toll campaign but to also come out strongly in opposition to both Stages 3 and 4."
"A world class public transport system is not just a solution. It is the only solution to our traffic chaos."
Convenor RAW
Rozelle Against WestConnex
← 'We're doomed': Mayer Hillman on the climate reality no one else will dare mention
Westconnex Stage 3 Snap Rally →


text:
/*

    SBIGUDRV.H

    Contains the function prototypes and enumerated constants
    for the Universal Parallel/USB/Ethernet driver.

    This supports the following devices:

        ST-7E/8E/9E/10E
        ST-5C/237/237A (PixCel255/237)
        ST-1K, ST-2K, ST-4K
        ST-L Large Format Cameras
        ST-402 Family of Cameras
        AO-7, AOL, AO-8
        CFW-8, CFW-9, CFW-10, CFW-L
        ST Focuser
        STX Cameras
        ST-8300 Cameras
        ST-8300B Cameras (Preliminary)
        ST-i Cameras
        STT Cameras (Preliminary)
        Differential Guider Accessory (Preliminary)
        FW5-8300, FW8-8300

    Version 4.72B17 - June 1, 2011
    (c)1995-2011 - Santa Barbara Instrument Group

*/
#ifndef _PARDRV_
#define _PARDRV_

/*

    SBIG Specific Code

*/
#ifndef TARGET
 #define ENV_WIN        1               /* Target for Windows environment */
 #define ENV_WINVXD     2               /* SBIG Use Only, Win 9X VXD */
 #define ENV_WINSYS     3               /* SBIG Use Only, Win NT SYS */
 #define ENV_ESRVJK     4               /* SBIG Use Only, Ethernet Remote */
 #define ENV_ESRVWIN    5               /* SBIG Use Only, Ethernet Remote */
 #define ENV_MACOSX     6               /* SBIG Use Only, Mac OSX */
 #define ENV_LINUX      7               /* SBIG Use Only, Linux */
 #define ENV_NIOS       8               /* SBIG Use Only, Embedded NIOS */
 #define TARGET         ENV_WIN         /* Set for your target */
#endif

/*

    Enumerated Constants

    Note that the various constants are declared here as enums
    for ease of declaration but in the structures that use the
    enums unsigned shorts are used to force the various
    16 and 32 bit compilers to use 16 bits.

*/

/*

    Supported Camera Commands

    These are the commands supported by the driver.
    They are prefixed by CC_ to designate them as
    camera commands and avoid conflicts with other
    enums.

    Some of the commands are marked as SBIG use only
    and have been included to enhance testability
    of the driver for SBIG.

*/
typedef enum {
    /*

        General Use Commands

    */
    CC_NULL,

    /* 1 - 10 */
    CC_START_EXPOSURE=1, CC_END_EXPOSURE, CC_READOUT_LINE,
    CC_DUMP_LINES, CC_SET_TEMPERATURE_REGULATION,
    CC_QUERY_TEMPERATURE_STATUS, CC_ACTIVATE_RELAY, CC_PULSE_OUT,
    CC_ESTABLISH_LINK, CC_GET_DRIVER_INFO,

    /* 11 - 20 */
    CC_GET_CCD_INFO, CC_QUERY_COMMAND_STATUS, CC_MISCELLANEOUS_CONTROL,
    CC_READ_SUBTRACT_LINE, CC_UPDATE_CLOCK, CC_READ_OFFSET,
    CC_OPEN_DRIVER, CC_CLOSE_DRIVER,
    CC_TX_SERIAL_BYTES, CC_GET_SERIAL_STATUS,

    /* 21 - 30 */
    CC_AO_TIP_TILT, CC_AO_SET_FOCUS, CC_AO_DELAY,
    CC_GET_TURBO_STATUS, CC_END_READOUT, CC_GET_US_TIMER,
    CC_OPEN_DEVICE, CC_CLOSE_DEVICE, CC_SET_IRQL, CC_GET_IRQL,

    /* 31 - 40 */
    CC_GET_LINE, CC_GET_LINK_STATUS, CC_GET_DRIVER_HANDLE,
    CC_SET_DRIVER_HANDLE, CC_START_READOUT, CC_GET_ERROR_STRING,
    CC_SET_DRIVER_CONTROL, CC_GET_DRIVER_CONTROL,
    CC_USB_AD_CONTROL, CC_QUERY_USB,

    /* 41 - 50 */
    CC_GET_PENTIUM_CYCLE_COUNT, CC_RW_USB_I2C, CC_CFW, CC_BIT_IO,
    CC_USER_EEPROM, CC_AO_CENTER, CC_BTDI_SETUP, CC_MOTOR_FOCUS,
    CC_QUERY_ETHERNET, CC_START_EXPOSURE2,

    /* 51 - 60 */
    CC_SET_TEMPERATURE_REGULATION2, CC_READ_OFFSET2, CC_DIFF_GUIDER,

    /*

        SBIG Use Only Commands

    */
    CC_SEND_BLOCK=90, CC_SEND_BYTE, CC_GET_BYTE, CC_SEND_AD,
    CC_GET_AD, CC_CLOCK_AD, CC_SYSTEM_TEST,
    CC_GET_DRIVER_OPTIONS, CC_SET_DRIVER_OPTIONS,
    CC_FIRMWARE, CC_BULK_IO, CC_LAST_COMMAND} PAR_COMMAND;

/*

    Return Error Codes

    These are the error codes returned by the driver
    function.  They are prefixed with CE_ to designate
    them as camera errors.

*/
#ifndef CE_ERROR_BASE
 #define CE_ERROR_BASE 1
#endif

typedef enum {
    /* 0 - 10 */
    CE_NO_ERROR, CE_CAMERA_NOT_FOUND=CE_ERROR_BASE,
    CE_EXPOSURE_IN_PROGRESS, CE_NO_EXPOSURE_IN_PROGRESS,
    CE_UNKNOWN_COMMAND, CE_BAD_CAMERA_COMMAND, CE_BAD_PARAMETER,
    CE_TX_TIMEOUT, CE_RX_TIMEOUT, CE_NAK_RECEIVED, CE_CAN_RECEIVED,

    /* 11 - 20 */
    CE_UNKNOWN_RESPONSE, CE_BAD_LENGTH,
    CE_AD_TIMEOUT, CE_KBD_ESC, CE_CHECKSUM_ERROR, CE_EEPROM_ERROR,
    CE_SHUTTER_ERROR, CE_UNKNOWN_CAMERA,
    CE_DRIVER_NOT_FOUND, CE_DRIVER_NOT_OPEN,

    /* 21 - 30 */
    CE_DRIVER_NOT_CLOSED, CE_SHARE_ERROR, CE_TCE_NOT_FOUND, CE_AO_ERROR,
    CE_ECP_ERROR, CE_MEMORY_ERROR, CE_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND,
    CE_DEVICE_NOT_OPEN, CE_DEVICE_NOT_CLOSED,
    CE_DEVICE_NOT_IMPLEMENTED,

    /* 31 - 40 */
    CE_DEVICE_DISABLED, CE_OS_ERROR, CE_SOCK_ERROR, CE_SERVER_NOT_FOUND,
    CE_CFW_ERROR, CE_MF_ERROR, CE_FIRMWARE_ERROR, CE_DIFF_GUIDER_ERROR,
    CE_NEXT_ERROR  } PAR_ERROR;

/*

    Camera Command State Codes

    These are the return status codes for the Query
    Command Status command.  Theyt are prefixed with
    CS_ to designate them as camera status.

*/
typedef enum { CS_IDLE, CS_IN_PROGRESS, CS_INTEGRATING,
    CS_INTEGRATION_COMPLETE } PAR_COMMAND_STATUS;
#define CS_PULSE_IN_ACTIVE 0x8000
#define CS_WAITING_FOR_TRIGGER 0x8000

/*
    Misc. Enumerated Constants

    QUERY_TEMP_STATUS_REQUEST - Used with the Query Temperature Status command.
    ABG_STATE7 - Passed to Start Exposure Command
    MY_LOGICAL - General purpose type
    DRIVER_REQUEST - Used with Get Driver Info command
    CCD_REQUEST - Used with Imaging commands to specify CCD
    CCD_INFO_REQUEST - Used with Get CCD Info Command
    PORT - Used with Establish Link Command
    CAMERA_TYPE - Returned by Establish Link and Get CCD Info commands
    SHUTTER_COMMAND, SHUTTER_STATE7 - Used with Start Exposure
        and Miscellaneous Control Commands
    TEMPERATURE_REGULATION - Used with Enable Temperature Regulation
    LED_STATE - Used with the Miscellaneous Control Command
    FILTER_COMMAND, FILTER_STATE - Used with the Miscellaneous
        Control Command
    AD_SIZE, FILTER_TYPE - Used with the GetCCDInfo3 Command
    AO_FOCUS_COMMAND - Used with the AO Set Focus Command
    SBIG_DEVICE_TYPE - Used with Open Device Command
    DRIVER_CONTROL_PARAMS - Used with Get/SetDriverControl Command
    USB_AD_CONTROL_COMMAND - Used with UsbADControl Command
    CFW_MODEL_SELECT, CFW_STATUS, CFW_ERROR - Used with CFW command
    CFW_POSITION, CFW_GET_INFO_SELECT - Used with CFW Command
    BIT_IO_OPERATION, BIT_IO_NMAE - Used with BitIO command
    MF_MODEL_SELECT, MF_STATUS, MF_ERROR, MF_GET_INFO_SELECT -
        Used with Motor Focus Command
    DIFF_GUIDER_COMMAND, DIFF_GUIDER_STATE, DIFF_GUIDER_ERROR -
        Used with the Diff Guider Command

*/
typedef enum { TEMP_STATUS_STANDARD, TEMP_STATUS_ADVANCED, TEMP_STATUS_ADVANCED2 } QUERY_TEMP_STATUS_REQUEST;
typedef enum { ABG_LOW7, ABG_CLK_LOW7, ABG_CLK_MED7, ABG_CLK_HI7 } ABG_STATE7;
typedef unsigned short MY_LOGICAL;
#define FALSE 0
#define TRUE 1
typedef enum { DRIVER_STD, DRIVER_EXTENDED, DRIVER_USB_LOADER } DRIVER_REQUEST;
typedef enum { CCD_IMAGING, CCD_TRACKING, CCD_EXT_TRACKING } CCD_REQUEST;
typedef enum { RM_1X1, RM_2X2, RM_3X3, RM_NX1, RM_NX2, RM_NX3, RM_1X1_VOFFCHIP,
    RM_2X2_VOFFCHIP, RM_3X3_VOFFCHIP, RM_9X9 } READOUT_BINNING_MODE;
typedef enum { CCD_INFO_IMAGING, CCD_INFO_TRACKING,
    CCD_INFO_EXTENDED, CCD_INFO_EXTENDED_5C, CCD_INFO_EXTENDED2_IMAGING,
    CCD_INFO_EXTENDED2_TRACKING } CCD_INFO_REQUEST;
typedef enum { ABG_NOT_PRESENT, ABG_PRESENT } IMAGING_ABG;
typedef enum { BR_AUTO, BR_9600, BR_19K, BR_38K, BR_57K, BR_115K } PORT_RATE;
typedef enum { ST7_CAMERA=4, ST8_CAMERA, ST5C_CAMERA, TCE_CONTROLLER,
  ST237_CAMERA, STK_CAMERA, ST9_CAMERA, STV_CAMERA, ST10_CAMERA,
  ST1K_CAMERA, ST2K_CAMERA, STL_CAMERA, ST402_CAMERA, STX_CAMERA,
  ST4K_CAMERA, STT_CAMERA, STI_CAMERA, ST8300B_CAMERA, NEXT_CAMERA, NO_CAMERA=0xFFFF } CAMERA_TYPE;
typedef enum { SC_LEAVE_SHUTTER, SC_OPEN_SHUTTER, SC_CLOSE_SHUTTER,
     SC_INITIALIZE_SHUTTER, SC_OPEN_EXT_SHUTTER, SC_CLOSE_EXT_SHUTTER} SHUTTER_COMMAND;
typedef enum { SS_OPEN, SS_CLOSED, SS_OPENING, SS_CLOSING } SHUTTER_STATE7;
typedef enum { REGULATION_OFF, REGULATION_ON,
    REGULATION_OVERRIDE, REGULATION_FREEZE, REGULATION_UNFREEZE,
    REGULATION_ENABLE_AUTOFREEZE, REGULATION_DISABLE_AUTOFREEZE } TEMPERATURE_REGULATION;
#define REGULATION_FROZEN_MASK 0x8000
typedef enum { LED_OFF, LED_ON, LED_BLINK_LOW, LED_BLINK_HIGH } LED_STATE;
typedef enum { FILTER_LEAVE, FILTER_SET_1, FILTER_SET_2, FILTER_SET_3,
    FILTER_SET_4, FILTER_SET_5, FILTER_STOP, FILTER_INIT } FILTER_COMMAND;
typedef enum { FS_MOVING, FS_AT_1, FS_AT_2, FS_AT_3,
    FS_AT_4, FS_AT_5, FS_UNKNOWN } FILTER_STATE;
typedef enum { AD_UNKNOWN, AD_12_BITS, AD_16_BITS } AD_SIZE;
typedef enum { FW_UNKNOWN, FW_EXTERNAL, FW_VANE, FW_FILTER_WHEEL } FILTER_TYPE;
typedef enum { AOF_HARD_CENTER, AOF_SOFT_CENTER, AOF_STEP_IN,
  AOF_STEP_OUT } AO_FOCUS_COMMAND;
typedef enum { DEV_NONE, DEV_LPT1, DEV_LPT2, DEV_LPT3,
  DEV_USB=0x7F00, DEV_ETH, DEV_USB1, DEV_USB2, DEV_USB3, DEV_USB4 } SBIG_DEVICE_TYPE;
typedef enum { DCP_USB_FIFO_ENABLE, DCP_CALL_JOURNAL_ENABLE,
    DCP_IVTOH_RATIO, DCP_USB_FIFO_SIZE, DCP_USB_DRIVER, DCP_KAI_RELGAIN,
    DCP_USB_PIXEL_DL_ENABLE, DCP_HIGH_THROUGHPUT, DCP_VDD_OPTIMIZED,
    DCP_AUTO_AD_GAIN, DCP_NO_HCLKS_FOR_INTEGRATION, DCP_TDI_MODE_ENABLE,
    DCP_VERT_FLUSH_CONTROL_ENABLE, DCP_ETHERNET_PIPELINE_ENABLE, DCP_FAST_LINK,
    DCP_OVERSCAN_ROWSCOLS, DCP_PIXEL_PIPELINE_ENABLE, DCP_LAST } DRIVER_CONTROL_PARAM;
typedef enum { USB_AD_IMAGING_GAIN, USB_AD_IMAGING_OFFSET, USB_AD_TRACKING_GAIN,
    USB_AD_TRACKING_OFFSET, USB_AD_EXTTRACKING_GAIN, USB_AD_EXTTRACKING_OFFSET,
    USB_AD_IMAGING2_GAIN, USB_AD_IMAGING2_OFFSET } USB_AD_CONTROL_COMMAND;
typedef enum { USBD_SBIGE, USBD_SBIGI, USBD_SBIGM, USBD_NEXT } ENUM_USB_DRIVER;
typedef enum { CFWSEL_UNKNOWN, CFWSEL_CFW2, CFWSEL_CFW5, CFWSEL_CFW8, CFWSEL_CFWL,
    CFWSEL_CFW402, CFWSEL_AUTO, CFWSEL_CFW6A, CFWSEL_CFW10,
    CFWSEL_CFW10_SERIAL, CFWSEL_CFW9, CFWSEL_CFWL8, CFWSEL_CFWL8G,
    CFWSEL_CFW1603, CFWSEL_FW5_STX, CFWSEL_FW5_8300,
    CFWSEL_FW8_8300 } CFW_MODEL_SELECT;
typedef enum { CFWC_QUERY, CFWC_GOTO, CFWC_INIT, CFWC_GET_INFO,
               CFWC_OPEN_DEVICE, CFWC_CLOSE_DEVICE } CFW_COMMAND;
typedef enum { CFWS_UNKNOWN, CFWS_IDLE, CFWS_BUSY } CFW_STATUS;
typedef enum { CFWE_NONE, CFWE_BUSY, CFWE_BAD_COMMAND, CFWE_CAL_ERROR, CFWE_MOTOR_TIMEOUT,
                CFWE_BAD_MODEL, CFWE_DEVICE_NOT_CLOSED, CFWE_DEVICE_NOT_OPEN,
                CFWE_I2C_ERROR } CFW_ERROR;
typedef enum { CFWP_UNKNOWN, CFWP_1, CFWP_2, CFWP_3, CFWP_4, CFWP_5, CFWP_6,
                CFWP_7, CFWP_8, CFWP_9, CFWP_10} CFW_POSITION;
typedef enum { CFWPORT_COM1=1, CFWPORT_COM2, CFWPORT_COM3, CFWPORT_COM4 } CFW_COM_PORT;
typedef enum { CFWG_FIRMWARE_VERSION, CFWG_CAL_DATA, CFWG_DATA_REGISTERS } CFW_GETINFO_SELECT;
typedef enum { BITIO_WRITE, BITIO_READ } BITIO_OPERATION;
typedef enum { BITI_PS_LOW, BITO_IO1, BITO_IO2, BITI_IO3, BITO_FPGA_WE } BITIO_NAME;
typedef enum { BTDI_SCHEDULE_ERROR=1, BTDI_OVERRUN_ERROR=2 } BTDI_ERROR;
typedef enum { MFSEL_UNKNOWN, MFSEL_AUTO, MFSEL_STF } MF_MODEL_SELECT;
typedef enum { MFC_QUERY, MFC_GOTO, MFC_INIT, MFC_GET_INFO, MFC_ABORT } MF_COMMAND;
typedef enum { MFS_UNKNOWN, MFS_IDLE, MFS_BUSY } MF_STATUS;
typedef enum { MFE_NONE, MFE_BUSY, MFE_BAD_COMMAND, MFE_CAL_ERROR, MFE_MOTOR_TIMEOUT,
                MFE_BAD_MODEL, MFE_I2C_ERROR, MFE_NOT_FOUND } MF_ERROR;
typedef enum { MFG_FIRMWARE_VERSION, MFG_DATA_REGISTERS } MF_GETINFO_SELECT;
typedef enum { DGC_DETECT, DGC_GET_BRIGHTNESS, DGC_SET_BRIGHTNESS } DIFF_GUIDER_COMMAND;
typedef enum { DGE_NO_ERROR, DGE_NOT_FOUND, DGE_BAD_COMMAND, DGE_BAD_PARAMETER } DIFF_GUIDER_ERROR;
typedef enum { DGS_UNKNOWN, DGS_IDLE, DGS_BUSY } DIFF_GUIDER_STATUS;
typedef enum { FS_OFF, FS_ON, FS_AUTOCONTROL } FAN_STATE;
typedef enum { BIO_READ, BIO_WRITE, BIO_FLUSH } BULK_IO_COMMAND;

/*

    General Purpose Flags

*/
#define END_SKIP_DELAY          0x8000       /* set in ccd parameter of EndExposure
                                               command to skip synchronization
                                               delay - Use this to increase the
                                               rep rate when taking darks to later
                                               be subtracted from SC_LEAVE_SHUTTER
                                               exposures such as when tracking and
                                               imaging */
#define START_SKIP_VDD          0x8000      /* set in ccd parameter of StartExposure
                                               command to skip lowering Imaging CCD
                                               Vdd during integration. - Use this to
                                               increase the rep rate when you don't
                                               care about glow in the upper-left
                                               corner of the imaging CCD */
#define START_MOTOR_ALWAYS_ON   0x4000      /* set in ccd parameter of StartExposure
                                               and EndExposure commands to force shutter
                                               motor to stay on all the time which reduces
                                               delays in Start and End Exposure timing and
                                               yields higher image throughput.  Don't
                                               do this too often or camera head will
                                               heat up */
#define ABORT_DONT_END          0x2000      /* set in ccd parameter of EndExposure
                                               command to abort the exposure completely
                                               instead of just ending the integration phase
                                               for cameras with internal frame buffers
                                               like the STX */
#define EXP_WAIT_FOR_TRIGGER_IN 0x80000000  /* set in exposureTime to wait
                                               for trigger in pulse */
#define EXP_SEND_TRIGGER_OUT    0x40000000  /* set in exposureTime to send
                                               trigger out Y- */
#define EXP_LIGHT_CLEAR         0x20000000  /* set to do light clear of the
                                               CCD */
#define EXP_MS_EXPOSURE         0x10000000  /* set to interpret exposure time
                                               as milliseconds */
#define EXP_TIME_MASK           0x00FFFFFF  /* mask with exposure time to
                                               remove flags */

/*

  Capabilities Bits - Bit Field Definitions for the
    capabilitiesBits in the GetCCDInfoResults4 struct.

*/
#define CB_CCD_TYPE_MASK            0x0001          /* mask for CCD type */
#define CB_CCD_TYPE_FULL_FRAME      0x0000          /* b0=0 is full frame CCD */
#define CB_CCD_TYPE_FRAME_TRANSFER  0x0001          /* b0=1 is frame transfer CCD */
#define CB_CCD_ESHUTTER_MASK        0x0002          /* mask for electronic shutter type */
#define CB_CCD_ESHUTTER_NO          0x0000          /* b1=0 indicates no electronic shutter */
#define CB_CCD_ESHUTTER_YES         0x0002          /* b1=1 indicates electronic shutter */
#define CB_CCD_EXT_TRACKER_MASK     0x0004          /* mask for external tracker support */
#define CB_CCD_EXT_TRACKER_NO       0x0000          /* b2=0 indicates no external tracker support */
#define CB_CCD_EXT_TRACKER_YES      0x0004          /* b2=1 indicates external tracker support */
#define CB_CCD_BTDI_MASK            0x0008          /* mask for BTDI support */
#define CB_CCD_BTDI_NO              0x0000          /* b3=0 indicates no BTDI support */
#define CB_CCD_BTDI_YES             0x0008          /* b3=1 indicates BTDI support */
#define CB_AO8_MASK                 0x0010          /* mask for AO-8 detected */
#define CB_AO8_NO                   0x0000          /* b4=0 indicates no AO-8 detected */
#define CB_AO8_YES                  0x0010          /* b4=1 indicates AO-8 detected */
#define CB_FRAME_BUFFER_MASK        0x0020          /* mask for camera with frame buffer */
#define CB_FRAME_BUFFER_NO          0x0000          /* b5=0 indicates camera without Frame Buffer */
#define CB_FRAME_BUFFER_YES         0x0020          /* b5=1 indicates camera with Frame Buffer */

/*

    Defines

*/
#define MIN_ST7_EXPOSURE    12  /* Minimum exposure in 1/100ths second */
#define MIN_ST402_EXPOSURE   4  /* Minimum exposure in 1/100ths second */
#define MIN_ST3200_EXPOSURE  9  /* Minimum exposure in 1/100ths second */
#define MIN_ST8300_EXPOSURE  9  /* Minimum exposure in 1/100ths second */
#define MIN_STX_EXPOSURE    12  /* Minimum exposure in 1/100ths second */
#define MIN_STU_EXPOSURE    1   /* Minimum exposure in 1/1000ths second since has E Shutter */
#define MIN_STT_EXPOSURE    12  /* ||| Minimum exposure in 1/100ths second */

/*

    Command Parameter and Results Structs

    Make sure you set your compiler for byte structure alignment
    as that is how the driver was built.

*/
/* Force 8 Byte Struct Align */
#if TARGET == ENV_MACOSX || TARGET == ENV_LINUX
 #pragma pack(push,8)
#else
 #pragma pack(push)
 #pragma pack(8)
#endif

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* CCD_REQUEST */ ccd;
    unsigned long exposureTime;
    unsigned short /* ABG_STATE7 */ abgState;
    unsigned short /* SHUTTER_COMMAND */ openShutter;
    } StartExposureParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* CCD_REQUEST */ ccd;
    unsigned long exposureTime;
    unsigned short /* ABG_STATE7 */ abgState;
    unsigned short /* SHUTTER_COMMAND */ openShutter;
    unsigned short readoutMode;
    unsigned short top;
    unsigned short left;
    unsigned short height;
    unsigned short width;
    } StartExposureParams2;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* CCD_REQUEST */ ccd;
    } EndExposureParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* CCD_REQUEST */ ccd;
    unsigned short readoutMode;
    unsigned short pixelStart;
    unsigned short pixelLength;
    } ReadoutLineParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* CCD_REQUEST */ ccd;
    unsigned short readoutMode;
    unsigned short lineLength;
    } DumpLinesParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* CCD_REQUEST */ ccd;
    } EndReadoutParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* CCD_REQUEST */ ccd;
    unsigned short readoutMode;
    unsigned short top;
    unsigned short left;
    unsigned short height;
    unsigned short width;
    } StartReadoutParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* TEMPERATURE_REGULATION */ regulation;
    unsigned short ccdSetpoint;
    } SetTemperatureRegulationParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* TEMPERATURE_REGULATION */ regulation;
    double ccdSetpoint;
    } SetTemperatureRegulationParams2;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* TEMP_STATUS_REQUEST */ request;
    } QueryTemperatureStatusParams;

typedef struct {
    MY_LOGICAL enabled;
    unsigned short ccdSetpoint;
    unsigned short power;
    unsigned short ccdThermistor;
    unsigned short ambientThermistor;
    } QueryTemperatureStatusResults;

typedef struct {
    MY_LOGICAL coolingEnabled;
    MY_LOGICAL fanEnabled;
    double     ccdSetpoint;
    double     imagingCCDTemperature;
    double     trackingCCDTemperature;
    double     externalTrackingCCDTemperature;
    double     ambientTemperature;
    double     imagingCCDPower;
    double     trackingCCDPower;
    double     externalTrackingCCDPower;
    double     heatsinkTemperature;
    double     fanPower;
    double     fanSpeed;
    double     trackingCCDSetpoint;
    } QueryTemperatureStatusResults2;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short tXPlus;
    unsigned short tXMinus;
    unsigned short tYPlus;
    unsigned short tYMinus;
    } ActivateRelayParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short numberPulses;
    unsigned short pulseWidth;
    unsigned short pulsePeriod;
    } PulseOutParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short dataLength;
    unsigned char data[256];
    } TXSerialBytesParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short bytesSent;
    } TXSerialBytesResults;

typedef struct {
    MY_LOGICAL clearToCOM;
    } GetSerialStatusResults;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short sbigUseOnly;
    } EstablishLinkParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* CAMERA_TYPE */ cameraType;
    } EstablishLinkResults;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* DRIVER_REQUEST */ request;
    } GetDriverInfoParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short version;
    char name[64];
    unsigned short maxRequest;
    } GetDriverInfoResults0;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* CCD_INFO_REQUEST */ request;
    } GetCCDInfoParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short mode;
    unsigned short width;
    unsigned short height;
    unsigned short gain;
    unsigned long pixel_width;
    unsigned long pixel_height;
    } READOUT_INFO;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short firmwareVersion;
    unsigned short /* CAMERA_TYPE */ cameraType;
    char name[64];
    unsigned short readoutModes;
    struct {
        unsigned short mode;
        unsigned short width;
        unsigned short height;
        unsigned short gain;
        unsigned long pixelWidth;
        unsigned long pixelHeight;
        } readoutInfo[20];
    } GetCCDInfoResults0;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short badColumns;
    unsigned short columns[4];
    unsigned short /* IMAGING_ABG */ imagingABG;
    char serialNumber[10];
    } GetCCDInfoResults2;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* AD_SIZE */ adSize;
    unsigned short /* FILTER_TYPE */ filterType;
    } GetCCDInfoResults3;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short capabilitiesBits;
    unsigned short dumpExtra;
} GetCCDInfoResults4;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short command;
    } QueryCommandStatusParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short status;
    } QueryCommandStatusResults;

typedef struct {
    MY_LOGICAL fanEnable;
    unsigned short /* SHUTTER_COMMAND */ shutterCommand;
    unsigned short /* LED_STATE */ ledState;
    } MiscellaneousControlParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* CCD_REQUEST */ ccd;
    } ReadOffsetParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short offset;
    } ReadOffsetResults;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short offset;
    double rms;
    } ReadOffsetResults2;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short xDeflection;
    unsigned short yDeflection;
    } AOTipTiltParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* AO_FOCUS_COMMAND */ focusCommand;
    } AOSetFocusParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned long delay;
    } AODelayParams;

typedef struct {
    MY_LOGICAL turboDetected;
    } GetTurboStatusResults;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short  deviceType;     /* SBIG_DEVICE_TYPE, specifies LPT, Ethernet, etc */
    unsigned short  lptBaseAddress; /* DEV_LPTN: Windows 9x Only, Win NT uses deviceSelect */
    unsigned long   ipAddress;      /* DEV_ETH:  Ethernet address */
    } OpenDeviceParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short level;
    } SetIRQLParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short level;
    } GetIRQLResults;

typedef struct {
    MY_LOGICAL  linkEstablished;
    unsigned short baseAddress;
    unsigned short /* CAMERA_TYPE */ cameraType;
    unsigned long comTotal;
    unsigned long comFailed;
    } GetLinkStatusResults;

typedef struct {
    unsigned long count;
    } GetUSTimerResults;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short port;
    unsigned short length;
    unsigned char *source;
    } SendBlockParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short port;
    unsigned short data;
    } SendByteParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* CCD_REQUEST */ ccd;
    unsigned short readoutMode;
    unsigned short pixelStart;
    unsigned short pixelLength;
    } ClockADParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short testClocks;
    unsigned short testMotor;
    unsigned short test5800;
    unsigned short stlAlign;
    unsigned short motorAlwaysOn;
    } SystemTestParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short outLength;
    unsigned char *outPtr;
    unsigned short inLength;
    unsigned char *inPtr;
    } SendSTVBlockParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short errorNo;
    } GetErrorStringParams;

typedef struct {
    char errorString[64];
    } GetErrorStringResults;

typedef struct {
    short handle;
    } SetDriverHandleParams;

typedef struct {
    short handle;
    } GetDriverHandleResults;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* DRIVER_CONTROL_PARAM */ controlParameter;
    unsigned long controlValue;
} SetDriverControlParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* DRIVER_CONTROL_PARAM */ controlParameter;
} GetDriverControlParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned long controlValue;
} GetDriverControlResults;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* USB_AD_CONTROL_COMMAND */ command;
    short data;
} USBADControlParams;

typedef struct {
    MY_LOGICAL cameraFound;
    unsigned short /* CAMERA_TYPE */ cameraType;
    char name[64];
    char serialNumber[10];
} QUERY_USB_INFO;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short camerasFound;
    QUERY_USB_INFO usbInfo[4];
} QueryUSBResults;

typedef struct {
    MY_LOGICAL cameraFound;
    unsigned long ipAddress;
    unsigned short /* CAMERA_TYPE */ cameraType;
    char name[64];
    char serialNumber[10];
} QUERY_ETHERNET_INFO;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short camerasFound;
    QUERY_ETHERNET_INFO ethernetInfo[4];
} QueryEthernetResults;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short rightShift;
} GetPentiumCycleCountParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned long countLow;
    unsigned long countHigh;
} GetPentiumCycleCountResults;

typedef struct {
    unsigned char address;
    unsigned char data;
    MY_LOGICAL write;
    unsigned char deviceAddress;
    } RWUSBI2CParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned char data;
    } RWUSBI2CResults;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* CFW_MODEL_SELECT */ cfwModel;
    unsigned short /* CFW_COMMAND */ cfwCommand;
    unsigned long cfwParam1;
    unsigned long cfwParam2;
    unsigned short outLength;
    unsigned char *outPtr;
    unsigned short inLength;
    unsigned char *inPtr;
} CFWParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* CFW_MODEL_SELECT */ cfwModel;
    unsigned short /* CFW_POSITION */ cfwPosition;
    unsigned short /* CFW_STATUS */ cfwStatus;
    unsigned short /* CFW_ERROR */ cfwError;
    unsigned long cfwResult1;
    unsigned long cfwResult2;
} CFWResults;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* BITIO_OPERATION */ bitOperation;
    unsigned short /* BITIO_NAME */ bitName;
    MY_LOGICAL setBit;
} BitIOParams;

typedef struct {
    MY_LOGICAL bitIsSet;
} BitIOResults;

typedef struct {
    MY_LOGICAL  writeData;
    unsigned char data[32];
} UserEEPROMParams, UserEEPROMResults;

typedef struct {
    unsigned char rowPeriod;
} BTDISetupParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned char btdiErrors;
} BTDISetupResults;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* MF_MODEL_SELECT */ mfModel;
    unsigned short /* MF_COMMAND */ mfCommand;
    long mfParam1;
    long mfParam2;
    unsigned short outLength;
    unsigned char *outPtr;
    unsigned short inLength;
    unsigned char *inPtr;
} MFParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* MF_MODEL_SELECT */ mfModel;
    long mfPosition;
    unsigned short /* MF_STATUS */ mfStatus;
    unsigned short /* MF_ERROR */ mfError;
    long mfResult1;
    long mfResult2;
} MFResults;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* DIFF_GUIDER_COMMAND */ diffGuiderCommand;
    unsigned short spareShort;
    unsigned long diffGuiderParam1;
    unsigned long diffGuiderParam2;
    unsigned short outLength;
    unsigned char *outPtr;
    unsigned short inLength;
    unsigned char *inPtr;
} DiffGuiderParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* DIFF_GUIDER_ERROR */ diffGuiderError;
    unsigned short /* DIFF_GUIDER_STATUS */ diffGuiderStatus;
    unsigned long diffGuiderResult1;
    unsigned long diffGuiderResult2;
} DiffGuiderResults;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short bRedEnable;
    unsigned short bIREnable;
    unsigned short nRedBrightness;
    unsigned short nIRBrightness;
} DGLEDState;

typedef struct {
    unsigned short /* BULK_IO_COMMAND */ command;
    MY_LOGICAL isPixelData;
    unsigned long dataLength;
    unsigned char *dataPtr;
} BulkIOParams;

typedef struct {
    unsigned long dataLength;
} BulkIOResults;

#pragma pack(pop)   /* Restore previous struct align */

/*

    Function Prototypes

    This are the driver interface functions.

    SBIGUnivDrvCommand() - Supports Parallel, USB and Ethernet
                           based cameras.

    Each function takes a command parameter and pointers
    to parameters and results structs.

    The calling program needs to allocate the memory for
    the parameters and results structs and these routines
    read them and fill them in respectively.

*/
#if TARGET == ENV_WIN
  #ifdef __cplusplus
    extern "C" short __stdcall SBIGUnivDrvCommand(short command, void *Params, void *Results);
  #else
    extern short __stdcall SBIGUnivDrvCommand(short command, void *Params, void *Results);
  #endif
#else
  #ifdef __cplusplus
    extern "C" short SBIGUnivDrvCommand(short command, void *Params, void *Results);
  #else
    extern short SBIGUnivDrvCommand(short command, void *Params, void *Results);
  #endif
#endif

#endif /* ifndef _PARDRV_ */


CASTLETON, Vt. – In a game that was closer than the final score indicates, Castleton University played with Husson University until the Eagles made a run in the second half, to pull away from the Spartans, 89-74, Saturday afternoon in a North Atlantic Conference men's basketball game at Glenbrook Gym.
Nathaniel Kingsley shot 7-for-10 from the field as he scored a season-high 17 points, plus he tied his season best with a team-high eight rebounds. Ben Mrowka started to find his shooting stroke, hitting three three-pointers for 11 points, and Jordan Nelson dished out a game-high seven assists.
Castleton jumped out to a 9-2 lead in the first two-and-a-half minutes, but Husson quickly erased its deficit with an 11-2 scoring run to pull ahead, 13-11, seven minutes into the game. The Spartans responded with six straight points, including a three-pointer by Pavin Parrish to put Castleton back on top 29-27 with six minutes left in the opening half.
Mrowka hit a three-pointer with three minutes to go before halftime, but Husson again responded, holding Castleton scoreless the rest of the half to rally for a 38-37 halftime advantage. The two teams continued to trade baskets through the first five minutes of the second half before the Eagles took the lead for good.
Husson (6-1, 4-0 NAC) put the game away with a 17-3 scoring run, featuring three-pointers early in the run by Mitch Worcester and DJ Bussey. The Eagles hit over half of their field goal attempts throughout the game at 52.3 percent (34-for-65), including 9-for-19 from behind the three-point line, and 66.7 percent (12-for-18) from the free throw line.
Five Husson players reached double figures in scoring, led by Raheem Anderson with 24 points and eight rebounds. Bussey scored 13 points off the bench, and Worcester, Kyanti Blyden, and Corey Kaiser all finished with 10 points apiece.
The Spartans shot 45.5 percent (30-for-66) from the field, including 10-for-31 from behind the three-point line, but just 36.4 percent (4-for-11) from the free throw line. Castleton won the rebounding battle, 42-34, including 18 offensive rebounds that led to 14 second-chance points. However, the home team committed 20 turnovers that led to 24 Husson points.
Castleton (4-6, 2-3 NAC) wraps up the first part of the season with a non-conference game at Pine Manor College Wednesday, Dec. 13, at 6 p.m. Husson heads to Ft. Lauderdale, Fla., next Sunday and Monday, Dec. 17-18, to face St. Mary's (Maryland) and Simpson.


text:
Der Stadtfriedhof Seelhorst () ist ein kommunaler Friedhof der Stadt Hannover im Stadtteil Seelhorst, der 1920 eröffnet wurde. Mit 68,5 ha ist der Friedhof heute flächenmäßig der größte Friedhof Hannovers.

Geschichte
Der Friedhof Seelhorst entstand als dritter Stadtfriedhof (nach dem Stadtfriedhof Engesohde 1864 und dem Stadtfriedhof Stöcken 1891) ab 1919. Erforderlich wurde er durch die Eingemeindungen von Döhren und Wülfel. Beim Bau wurden die früheren Dorffriedhöfe dieser Gemeinden – der Alte Wülfeler Friedhof und der Alte Döhrener Friedhof – mit rund 2,7 ha in den neuen Seelhorster Friedhof mit einbezogen.

Der Friedhof ist symmetrisch gegliedert, alle Wege sind rechtwinklig angeordnet. Auch die einzelnen Friedhofsabteilungen sind streng geometrisch gestaltet. Bei der Planung der Friedhofsanlage übernahm Stadtgartendirektor Hermann Kube die Prinzipien der beiden großen Vorgängerfriedhöfe Engesohde und Stöcken. Es war der Stil eines architektonisch gestalteten Parkfriedhofs mit einer axialen Gestaltung. Dabei entspricht die über den Friedhof führende Lindenallee in den Abmessungen einer Allee im Berggarten in Herrenhausen. Die gärtnerische Gestaltung stammt von Hermann Kube und die Hochbauten entstanden nach Entwürfen von Paul Wolf. Seinem Gesamtcharakter nach repräsentiert er als Paradebeispiel zeitgenössischer Planung einen typischen Reformfriedhof in Deutschland.

Der Haupteingang mit zwei Torgebäuden und einem Durchlass lag ursprünglich am Hohen Weg. Von hier aus führt eine 400 m lange, vierreihige Lindenallee in den Friedhof hinein. Daran liegen die vom Architekten Konrad Wittmann entworfenen Bauten (zwei Kapellen, Krematorium, Betriebsgebäude), die er im expressionistischen Klinkerstil (Backsteinexpressionismus) der 1920er Jahre anlegte. Diesem Baustil entsprechen das Anzeigerhochhaus in Hannover und das Chilehaus in Hamburg. Der Friedhof erhielt ein Krematorium, da wegen veränderter Bestattungsbräuche bereits damals die Zahl der Feuerbestattungen stieg. Die erste Bestattung erfolgte bereits ein Jahr nach Baubeginn 1920. Der erste Bauabschnitt mit den Hauptgebäuden des Friedhofs war 1924 fertiggestellt. Beeindruckend an der Friedhofsgestaltung sind die Alleen mit Kastanien, Buchen und Eichen, die den formalen Charakter der Anlage unterstützen. Auffallend sind auch die vielen auf 1,5 m Höhe geschnittenen Hecken zur Abgrenzung der Gräberfelder.

Seit 2006 existiert ein Friedhofsmuseum.

Kriegsverbrechen 1945
Gegen Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs kam es auf dem Friedhof zu einem Endphaseverbrechen. Am 6. April 1945 trieben Angehörige der Gestapo-Dienststelle Ahlem vorwiegend sowjetische Kriegsgefangene und Zwangsarbeiter auf den Seelhorster Friedhof und töteten 154 Menschen. Am 2. Mai 1945 wurden "belastete Nazis" von der US-Armee gezwungen, das Massengrab auszuheben, bei dem 526 Leichen entdeckt wurden. 386 wurden in einem Trauerzug zum Maschsee gefahren und am Nordufer bestattet.

Umgestaltung 1960er Jahre

Anfang der 1960er Jahre wurde der Haupteingang Hoher Weg verlegt zu einem neuen Eingang an der Garkenburgstraße, wo der Friedhof einen Straßenbahnanschluss erhielt. Nach Plänen des Architekten Edgar Schlubach entstanden ein großzügiger Eingangsbereich mit Parkplatz und neue Gebäude der Friedhofsverwaltung. Das Krematorium erhielt eine weitere Kapelle. Mit Einführung einer neuen Friedhofssatzung 1963 mit strengeren Auflagen zur Beetgestaltung veränderte sich das Grabraster. Die Grabbeete wurden kleiner, was den Einsatz von Maschinen erleichterte. Es entstand der heutige Typ eines Rasenfriedhofes. Nach 1963 gab es zwei Geländeerweiterungen in Richtung der nördlich gelegenen Peiner Straße.

Belegung
Der Friedhof Seelhorst verfügt im Vergleich zu den Stadtfriedhöfen Engesohde und Stöcken über weniger Grabstätten bekannter Personen. Es gibt Abteilungen für Urnengräber, darunter eine buddhistische, sowie Reihen- und Wahlgräber für Sargbeisetzungen. Zentral in der Achse des Friedhofs liegt ein großes Wasserbecken.

2005 wurde in einem naturbelassenen Waldstück am östlichen Rand des Friedhofs der erste Bestattungswald im Stadtgebiet von Hannover eröffnet. Um einen Baumstamm sind je vier Urnengrabstätten angeordnet. Im Eingangsbereich des Seelwaldes sind Baumstämme aufgestellt, an denen durch einen Holzbildhauer ein Gedenkzeichen in Form eines Schrift- oder Mäanderbandes angebracht werden kann. Die individuelle Kennzeichnung der Grabstätten durch Grabsteine, Kreuze, Grabschmuck oder Bepflanzungen ist im Seelwald nicht gestattet.

Sonderanlagen des Friedhofs sind drei Abteilungen mit Kriegsgräbern. Die Kriegsopfer wurden erst nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg mit Unterstützung des Volksbundes Deutsche Kriegsgräberfürsorge nach hier umgebettet. Es sind 4.148 Kriegsopfer, darunter 1.763 Deutsche (davon 1.304 Opfer von alliierten Luftangriffen) und 2.385 Opfer aus zwölf Nationen. Außerdem verfügt der Friedhof seit Anfang der 1950er Jahre über eine Gedenkstätte für die Opfer des Ersten und des Zweiten Weltkrieges in Form einer Säule an der zentralen Lindenallee.

Am Eingang Hoher Weg befindet sich eine Gedenkstätte für 390 Opfer der hannoverschen Außenlager Mühlenberg, Ahlem, Stöcken (Continental) und Stöcken (Akkumulatorenwerke) des Konzentrationslagers Neuengamme.

Auf einer nordöstlich gelegenen Gräberanlage des Friedhofs befinden sich die Gräber von und eine Gedenkstätte für annähernd 300 Säuglinge und Kleinkinder, die an den Folgen von Mangelversorgung und Vernachlässigung starben. Mütter dieser Kinder waren verschleppte ausländischen Zwangsarbeiterinnen, die in dem Wöchnerinnenlager in Godshorn untergebracht waren und sofort nach der Geburt unter Zurücklassung ihrer Kinder wieder an den Ort ihrer Zwangsarbeit zurückgebracht wurden.

Eine Friedhofsabteilung beherbergt eine niederländische Ehrenanlage. Zu ihr gehören Gräber von 417 niederländischen Kriegsopfern, die nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg von mehreren Friedhöfen in Niedersachsen nach hier überführt wurden. Hier steht ein Denkmal für die 1.900 niederländischen Gefangenen, die im KZ Bergen-Belsen umkamen.

Auf dem Friedhof befindet sich lediglich ein Ehrengrab der Stadt Hannover für das NS-Opfer Wilhelm Fahlbusch (1907–1933). Es ist ohne Markierung oder Grabstein.

Siehe auch
Friedhöfe in Hannover

Literatur
 Eva Benz-Rababah: Leben und Werk des Städtebauers Paul Wolf …, Dissertation, 1993
 S. Jörn und K. Stamm: Der Seelhorster Friedhof – ein Ort des Friedens?. In: U. Poblotzki (Hrsg.): Von großen Plätzen und kleinen Gärten, 1992
 Karljosef Kreter, Herbert Obenaus u. a.: Die Erschießungen auf dem Seelhorster Friedhof 1945, in der Reihe Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter, Beiheft 3, hrsg. von der Landeshauptstadt Hannover, Hannover: Stadtarchiv Redaktion, Hannover: Hahn, 2005, ISBN 3-7752-5956-2
 Die Erschießungen auf dem Seelhorster Friedhof. In: Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter, Neue Folge 59 (2005), Beiheft 3
 Janet Anschütz, Stephanus Fischer, Irmtraud Heike, Cordula Wächter: Gräber ohne Namen. Die toten Kinder Hannoverscher Zwangsarbeiterinnen. VSA-Verlag, Hamburg 2006, ISBN 3-89965-207-X und ISBN 978-3-89965-207-9
 Peter Schulze: Stadtfriedhof Seelhorst. In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (Hrsg.) u. a.: Stadtlexikon Hannover. Von den Anfängen bis in die Gegenwart. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9, S. 588.
 Helmut Knocke, Hugo Thielen: Garkenburgstraße. In: Hannover Kunst- und Kultur-Lexikon, S. 108
 Karin Schwartzenberg (V.i.S.d.R), Beate Räckers (Text), Cordula Wächter, Silke Beck: Broschüre oder herunterladbar als PDF-Dokument

Weblinks

 Stadtfriedhof Seelhorst auf hannover.de
 Multikulturelle Bestattungen auf den Friedhöfen der Stadt Hannover
 Friedhof Seelhorst als Kriegsgräberstätte
 Seelhorst: Ein Reform-Friedhof in Hannover bei hannover-bestattung.de

Einzelnachweise

Seelhorst
Baudenkmal in Hannover
Seelhorst (Hannover)
Hannover

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Close-up of the land mine field in the water/ice test bin, with Millitech/Telaxis Building I is in the background. Snowstorms have negligible effect on passive millimeter wave images at 95 GHz.
Circular metal calibration plates were interspersed throughout the mine field. The three targets in a horizontal line midway in the bin, and the two at either corner in the back, are calibration targets. All others are land mines provided by special ops. Credit: Photo courtesy of Doc Ewen.


Maybe it's hard to fit the curves with one rule because it's more than one rule. It's possible that elephants do get an evolutionary advantage from grandparents remembering where that hidden water hole was 70 years ago in that last big drought. While maybe geriatric worms are getting some entirely diferent advantage like food buffering, preditor evasion, etc. Trying to force these curves to fit one answer may feel right, but isn't necessarily good science.
The title of this article is misleading. What it should say is that the evolutionary model for aging is incomplete. Clearly some organisms follow the standard model while others. This means there is a "factual" gap in the theory and not that theory as a whole has issues.
Interesting. I'll have to read the papers as I'm likely missing something, but generalizing how evolutionary pressures are going to influence different organisms into "breed quick and then die" seems to leave out a lot of other potential explanations. Ok, so worms provide no parenting and have a long post-fertile life span? Perhaps the limiting factors for worm populations simply isn't availability of resources. This would result in the long-life characteristic simply not being selected against. It could be a fluky trait that is neither beneficial or detrimental. Definitely an interesting article.


text:
IMF cuts global growth outlook; warns sharp slowdown may require coordinated stimulus
By Reuters •et; last updated: 09/04/2019
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) headquarters building is seen ahead of the IMF/World Bank spring meetings in Washington, U.S., April 8, 2019. REUTERS/Yuri Gripas -
YURI GRIPAS(Reuters)
By Jason Lange
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - The International Monetary Fund on Tuesday warned that global economic growth was slowing more than expected and that a sharp downturn could require world leaders to coordinate stimulus measures.
The global lender cut its global economic growth forecasts for 2019 and said key risks included a U.S.-China trade war and a potentially disorderly British exit from the European Union.
The IMF said it still expects that a sharp slowdown in Europe and some emerging market economies will give way to a general re-acceleration in the second half of 2019.
But chances of further cuts to the outlook are high, the Fund said in its World Economic Outlook report. Already some major economies, including China and Germany, might need to take short-term actions, the IMF said.
"This is a delicate moment for the global economy," IMF chief economist Gita Gopinath said in a news conference.
Gopinath said a sharp downturn might require synchronized fiscal stimulus "across economies" as well as loose monetary policy.
The IMF and World Bank are holding their spring meetings in Washington this week. In its third downgrade since October, the IMF said the global economy will likely grow 3.3 percent this year, the slowest expansion since 2016. The forecast cut 0.2 percentage point from the IMF's outlook in January.
The projected growth rate for next year was unchanged at 3.6 percent.
More than two-thirds of the expected slowdown in 2019 owes to trouble in rich nations.
"In this context, avoiding policy missteps that could harm economic activity should be the main priority," the IMF said its report.
One potential misstep lies in Britain's indecision over how to leave the EU. Despite looming deadlines, London has not decided how it will try to shield its economy during the exit process. The IMF's new forecast assumes an orderly "Brexit," but the Fund said a chaotic process could shave more than 0.2 percentage points from global growth in 2019.
The IMF said the Bank of England should be "cautious" on its interest rate policy, an apparent tip to wait before hiking borrowing costs.
The EU's economic growth is already slowing substantially, and the slowdown accounted for much of the reduction in the global growth forecast.
Germany's outlook suffered from weaker demand for its exports, softer consumer spending and new emissions standards that have depressed car sales.
Germany may have to quickly turn to fiscal stimulus measures, the IMF said, also calling on the European Central Bank to keep stimulating the regional economy. The IMF also cut Japan's growth outlook following a string of natural disasters.
The U.S. economy, while seen outperforming other rich nations, also got a downgrade on signs that a fiscal stimulus fuelled by tax cuts was producing less activity than previously expected.
U.S. Treasury yields slid on concerns about the global economic outlook while the S&P 500 index <.SPX > and the Dow Jones Industrial Index were down more than half a percent amid worries that a U.S. threat to slap tariffs on hundreds of European goods would be a further economic drag.
BOOST FROM FED PAUSE
The IMF said it supported the U.S. Federal Reserve's decision to pause its rate-hiking cycle, which the global lender said would support the U.S. and world economies this year by easing financial conditions. The IMF raised its forecast for U.S. growth in 2020 by a tenth of a percentage point to 1.9 percent.
The global lender said it was slightly boosting its outlook for Chinese growth this year - to 6.3 percent - in part because an expected escalation in the U.S.-China trade war did not materialise.
Still, America's ongoing tensions with China and other major trading partners remain a risk for the global economy.
U.S. tariffs on Chinese imports are hitting Chinese growth and also weighing on Latin America and other areas dependent on Chinese demand for commodities.
In a World Economic Outlook chapter released last week, the IMF said an escalation of the U.S.-China trade war would drive manufacturing away from both countries and cause job losses, but would do little to change their total trade balances.
If 25 percent tariffs were imposed on all trade between the world's two largest economies, U.S. GDP would fall by up to 0.6 percent and China's would fall by up to 1.5 percent, the IMF said.
The IMF also cut its 2019 growth forecasts for Canada and Latin America as well as for the Middle East and North African countries.
China was trying to rebalance its massive economy away from investment and exports when U.S. President Donald Trump ordered higher tariffs on Chinese imports beginning in 2018. China responded with retaliatory tariffs on U.S. goods.
In an ominous sign, the IMF said Beijing might need to unleash fiscal stimulus "to avoid a sharp near-term growth slowdown that could derail the overarching reform agenda."
But Gopinath, the IMF chief economist, said the Chinese economy was already showing some signs of recovered growth, which she described as "green shoots."
(Reporting by Jason Lange; Editing by Andrea Ricci, Paul Simao and Tom Brown)
euronews provides breaking news articles from reuters as a service to its readers, but does not edit the articles it publishes. Articles appear on euronews.com for a limited time.
Hong Kong's proving it's the place to be for high tech start-ups
Irish parliament calls on government to thwart EU-Mercosur deal
Ryanair sees risk to 2020 growth if 737 MAX grounded beyond November


Halloween symbols, customs, and practices undoubtedly have had a variety of influences upon Western culture throughout history. However, in early American history, Halloween was not celebrated due to America's strong Christian heritage. It was not widely observed until the twentieth century. Initially, it was practiced only in small Irish Catholic settlements, until thousands of Irish migrated to America during the great potato famine and brought their customs with them. To some degree, our modern Halloween is an Irish holiday with early origins in the Celtic winter festival. Interestingly, in American culture, the rise in popularity of Halloween also coincides roughly with the national rise in spiritism that began in 1848.The carved pumpkin may have originated with the witches' use of a collection of skulls with a candle in each to light the way to coven meetings. But among the Irish, who, as noted, prompted the popularization of Halloween in America, the legend of "Irish Jack" explains the jack-o'-lantern. According to the legend, a stingy drunk named Jack tricked the devil into climbing an apple tree for an apple, but then cut the sign of a cross into the trunk of the tree to prevent the devil from coming down. Jack then forced the devil to swear he would never come after Jack's soul. The devil reluctantly agreed.


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