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The DNS Privacy solutions presented here ensure that DNS queries made by an individual end user can't be observed by eavesdroppers as they pass across the Internet. Only the operators of DNS privacy servers have access to the details of the queries. For operational reasons such as monitoring server performance or detecting and mitigating attacks operators need to keep logs of the DNS queries they see; in some circumstances they may need to share those logs with other operators. To preserve end user privacy, as RFC697317 observes it is important that the data in these logs limits the identifiability of end users; more generally, that the data in the logs is kept to the minimum required for purpose, a process the RFC terms data minimisation.
Data minimising a trace or logs of network traffic therefore includes ensuring the recorded data does not contain privacy-sensitive information. This is typically personal data, or data that can be used to link a record to an individual, but may also include revealing other confidential information, for example on the structure of an internal corporate network. In the case of identifiability, this means that if individual user identifiers cannot be omitted altogether, pseudonyms should be used instead.
The problem of effectively ensuring that DNS query logs do not contain privacy-sensitive information is not one that currently has a generally agreed solution. This page gives an overview of current approaches to identifier pseudonymisation. As RFC762616 makes clear, the big privacy risk in DNS is connecting DNS queries to an individual, so at present the main focus is on pseudonymising client IP addresses (though, of course, the MAC address, VLAN identifier and ARP data may be useful in particularly localised environments).
Pseudonymising a dataset is generally done using either anonymisation or pseudonomysation. This discussion uses the definitions from RFC697317 Section 3, with additional observations from van Dijkhuizen et al.1
Anonymisation. To enable anonymity of an individual, there must exist a set of individuals that appear to have the same attribute(s) as the individual. To the attacker or the observer, these individuals must appear indistinguishable from each other.
Pseudonymisation. The true identity is deterministically replaced with an alternate identity (a pseudonym). When the pseudonymisation schema is known, the process can be reversed, so the original identity becomes known again.
In practice there is a fine line between the two; for example, how to categorise a deterministic algorithm for pseudonymisation of IP addresses that produces a group of pseudonyms for a single given address?
Awareness of the need for pseudonymising data, so that significant corpuses of captures could be shared for research purposes, sparked research into particularly IP address pseudonymisation in the late 1990s/early 2000s. Several techniques reflecting different requirements for the pseudonymised addresses and different performance/resource tradeoffs emerged over the course of the decade. Developments over the last decade have been both a blessing and a curse; the large increase in size between an IPv4 and an IPv6 address, for example, renders some techniques (in particular TSA) impractical, but also makes available a much larger amount of input entropy. Pseudonymised IPv6 addresses are therefore much better placed to resist brute force re-identification attacks than IPv4 addresses. Several authors (e.g. Brenker & Arnes11) have observed that today any IPv4 address pseudonymisation is vulnerable to a brute force attack, particularly if an attacker is capable of ensuring packets are captured by the target and the attacker can send forged traffic with arbitrary source and destination addresses to the target thus permitting an attack along the lines of a cryptographic chosen plaintext attack.
Categorising techniques for anonymising logs
The ways in which data may be pseudonymised can be classified into some broad categories.
Replacement. A one-to-one replacement of a field to a new value of the same type, for example using a regular expression.
Filtering. Removing (and thus truncating) or replacing data in a field. Field data can be overwritten, often with zeros, either partially (grey marking) or completely (black marking).
Generalisation. Data is replaced by more general data with reduced specificity. One example would be to replace all TCP/UDP port numbers with one of two fixed values indicating whether the original port was ephemeral (>=1024) or non-ephemeral (>1024). Another example, precision degredation, reduces the accuracy of e.g. a numeric value or a timestamp.
Enumeration. With data from a well-ordered set, replace the first data item data using a random initial value and then allocate ordered values for subsequent data items. When used with timestamp data, this preserves ordering but loses precision and distance.
Reordering/shuffling. Preserving the original data, but rearranging its order, often in a random manner.
Random substitution. As replacement, but using randomly generated replacement values.
Cryptographic permutation. Using a permutation function, such as a hash function or cryptographic block cipher, to generate a replacement de-identified value.
This list is derived from RFC6235 and van Dijkhuizen et al.1
A pseudonymising technique may also have properties desirable in a particular application:
Format-preserving encryption. Normally when encrypting, the original data length and patterns in the data should be hidden from an attacker. Some applications of data minimisation, such as network capture pseudonymisation, require that the pseudonymised data is of the same form as the original data, to allow the data to be parsed in the same way as the original.
Prefix preservation. Values such as IP addresses and MAC addresses contain prefix information that can be valuable in analysis, e.g. manufacturer ID in MAC addresses, subnet in IP addresses. Prefix preservation ensures that prefixes are pseudonymised consistently; e.g. if two IP addresses are from the same subnet, prefix preserving pseudonymising will ensure that their pseudonymised counterparts will also share a subnet. Prefix preservation may be fixed (the length of the prefix to be preserved must be set by the user in advance), or general (if two addresses share any length of prefix bits in common, their pseudonymised counterparts will also have the same length of prefix bits in common).
Notable pseudonymising techniques
Google Analytics non-prefix filtering
Since May 2010, Google Analytics has provided a facility that allows website owners to request that all their users IP addresses are pseudonymised within Google Analytics processing. This very basic pseudonymisation simply sets to zero the least significant 8 bits of IPv4 addresses, and the least significant 80 bits of IPv6 addresses. The level of pseudonymisation this produces is perhaps questionable. There are some analysis results13 which suggest that the impact of this on reducing the accuracy of determining the user's location from their IP address is less than might be hoped; the average discrepancy in identification of the user city for UK users is no more than 17%. Anonymisation: Format-preserving, Filtering (grey marking).
dnswasher
Since 2006, PowerDNS have included a data minimisation tool dnswasher14 with their PowerDNS product. This is a PCAP filter that performs a one-to-one mapping of end user IP addresses with an pseudonymised address. A table of user IP addresses and their de-identified counterparts is kept; the first IPv4 user addresses is translated to 0.0.0.1, the second to 0.0.0.2 and so on. The de-identified address therefore depends on the order that addresses arrive in the input, and running over a large amount of data the address translation tables can grow to a significant size. Anonymisation: Format-preserving, Enumeration.
Prefix-preserving map
Used in TCPdpriv2, this algorithm stores a set of original and pseudonymised IP address pairs. When a new IP address arrives, it is compared with previous addresses to determine the longest prefix match. The new address is pseudonymised by using the same prefix, with the remainder of the address pseudonymised with a random value. The use of a random value means that TCPdrpiv is not deterministic; different pseudonymised values will be generated on each run. The need to store previous addresses means that TCPdpriv has significant and unbounded memory requirements, and because of the need to allocated pseudonymised addresses sequentially cannot be used in parallel processing. Anonymisation: Format-preserving, prefix preservation (general), replacement, random substitution.
Cryptographic Prefix-Preserving Pseudonymisation
Cryptographic prefix-preserving pseudonymisation was originally proposed as an improvement to the prefix-preserving map implemented in TCPdpriv, described in Xu et al3 and implemented in the Crypto-PAn tool4. Crypto-PAn is now frequently used as an acronym for the algorithm. Initially it was described for IPv4 addresses only; extension for IPv6 addresses was proposed in Harvan & Schönwälder5 and implemented in snmpdump6. This uses a cryptographic algorithm rather than a random value, and thus pseudonymity is determined uniquely by the encryption key, and is deterministic. It requires a separate AES encryption for each output bit, so has a non-trivial calculation overhead. This can be mitigated to some extent (for IPv4, at least) by pre-calculating results for some number of prefix bits. Pseudonymisation: Format-preserving, prefix preservation (general), cryptographic permutation.
Top-hash Subtree-replicated Anonymisation
Proposed in Ramaswamy & Wolf7, Top-hash Subtree-replicated Anonymisation (TSA) originated in response to the requirement for faster processing than Crypto-PAn. It used hashing for the most significant byte of an IPv4 address, and a pre-calculated binary tree structure for the remainder of the address. To save memory space, replication is used within the tree structure, reducing the size of the pre-calculated structures to a few Mb for IPv4 addresses. Address pseudonymisation is done via hash and table lookup, and so requires minimal computation. However, due to the much increased address space for IPv6, TSA is not memory efficient for IPv6. Pseudonymisation: Format-preserving, prefix preservation (general), cryptographic permutation.
ipcipher
A recently-released proposal from PowerDNS8, ipcipher is a simple pseudonymisation technique for IPv4 and IPv6 addresses. IPv6 addresses are encrypted directly with AES-128 using a key (which may be derived from a passphrase). IPv4 addresses are similarly encrypted, but using a recently proposed (and confusingly closely named) encryption ipcypher9 suitable for 32bit block lengths. However, the author of ipcrypt has since indicated10 that it has low security, and further analysis has revealed it is vulnerable to attack. At the time of writing, progress on ipcipher appears to have stalled. Pseudonymisation: Format-preserving, cryptographic permutation.
Bloom filters
van Rijswijk-Deij et al15 have recently described work using Bloom filters to categorise query traffic and record the traffic as the state of multiple filters. By this means, it is possible to determine with a high probability if, for example, a particular query was made, but the set of queries made cannot be recovered from the filter. Similarly, by mixing queries from a sufficient number of users in a single filter, it becomes practically impossible to determine if a particular user performed a particular query. Large numbers of queries can be tracked in a memory-efficient way. As filter status is stored, this approach cannot be used to regenerate traffic, and so cannot be used with tools used to process live traffic. Anonymisation: Generalisation.
Other data minimisation considerations
(A placeholder list).
TTL/Hoplimit (if present) can be used to fingerprint client OS.
MAC address/VLAN.
DNS ID lack of randomisation ditto.
All queries down a single TCP stream must come from the same host.
Niels van Dijkhuizen and Jeroen van der Ham. 2018. A Survey of Network Traffic Anonymisation Techniques and Implementations. ACM Comput. Surv. 51, 3, Article 52 (May 2018), 27 pages. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3182660
G. Minshall, Ipsilon Networks, Inc., TCPDRIV, Oct 2005. http://ita.ee.lbl.gov/html/contrib/tcpdpriv.html
J. Xu, J. Fan, M. Ammar, and S. B. Moon, Prefix-Preserving IP Address Anonymization: Measurement-Based Security Evaluation and a New Cryptography-Based Scheme, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols, 2002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2004.03.033. http://an.kaist.ac.kr/~sbmoon/paper/intl-journal/2004-cn-anon.pdf
CryptoPan page at Georgia Tech. https://www.cc.gatech.edu/computing/Telecomm/projects/cryptopan/
M. Harvan and J. Schönwälder. Prefix- and lexicographical-order-preserving IP address anonymization. In Proceedings of the 10th IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium 2006 (NOMS'06). 519–526. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/NOMS.2006.1687580. http://mharvan.net/talks/noms-ip_anon.pdf
J. Schönwälder, snmpdump, 2004, https://github.com/schoenw/snmpdump
R. Ramaswamy and T. Wolf, "High-Speed Prefix-Preserving IP Address Anonymization for Passive Measurement Systems," in IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 26-39, Feb. 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TNET.2006.890128. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.84.7417&rep=rep1&type=pdf
A. Hubert, PowerDNS, Feb 2018. https://github.com/PowerDNS/ipcipher. See also On IP address encryption: security analysis with respect for privacy, Medium.com, May 2018 by the same author.
J.-P. Aumasson, Mar. 2015, https://github.com/veorq/ipcrypt
J.-P. Aumasson, Re: [Cfrg] Analysis of ipcrypt?, Feb. 2018. https://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/cfrg/current/msg09494.html. See also J. Donenfeld, Feb. 2018. https://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/cfrg/current/msg09495.html
T. Brekne and A. Årnes. "Circumventing IP-address pseudonymization." Communications and Computer Networks (2005). https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/7b34/12c951cebe71cd2cddac5fda164fb2138a44.pdf
IP Anonymization in Analytics, https://support.google.com/analytics/answer/2763052?hl=en
Huiyan, Anonymize IP Geolocation Accuracy Impact Assessment (blog posting), May 2017.https://www.conversionworks.co.uk/blog/2017/05/19/anonymize-ip-geo-impact-test/
dnswasher - A PowerDNS nameserver debugging tool, 2006
R. van Rijswijk-Deij, M. Bomhoff and R. Dolmans, Let a Thousand Filters Bloom: DNS-Based Threat Monitoring That Respects User Privacy, TNC18, June 2018, https://tnc18.geant.org/core/presentation/127
S. Bortzmeyer, DNS Privacy Considerations, RFC7626, https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/rfc7626/
A. Cooper, H. Tschofenig, B. Aboba, J. Peterson, J. Morris, M. Hansen and R. Smith, Privacy Considerations for Internet Protocols, RFC6973, https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/rfc6973/


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Home AFL 2021 Trade News & Rumours REPORTS: Ryder linked with Saints move
REPORTS: Ryder linked with Saints move
Paddy Ryder is being linked with a move back to Victoria.
August 23, 2019 - 10:25am
ADELAIDE, AUSTRALIA - AUGUST 10: Paddy Ryder of the Power celebrates a goal during the 2019 AFL round 21 match between the Port Adelaide Power and the Sydney Swans at Adelaide Oval on August 10, 2019 in Adelaide, Australia. (Photo by James Elsby/AFL Photos via Getty Images)
According to 'SEN Drive' host Andy Maher, Paddy Ryder is believed to be on the move back to Victoria, with St Kilda leading the way for his services.
Former club Essendon is also being linked with some interest in the 31-year-old ruckman.
"Paddy Ryder to the Saints, that's what I'm hearing," Maher told SEN's Bob and Andy.
The Saints are said to be in the market for a more experienced ruckman to help out and provide assistance for emerging young star Rowan Marshall, with North Melbourne's Todd Goldstein and Essendon's Sam Draper also being previously linked with the Saints.
"He (Rowan Marshall) needs some help, he can't keep going on his own the young fella.
"He needs a veteran hand to assist. That's what I'm being told."
It has been an inconsistent season thus far for Ryder, with the big man being dropped in Round 14 after a string of poor performances, but was recalled after five games in the SANFL.
Ryder, who will become a free agent at season's completion, has been offered a one-year deal from Port Adelaide to remain with the team, but Ryder is holding out for a longer contract.
AFL 2021 Trade News & Rumours
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johnhdavis / inundation records
Musician / educator / activist / record label: all original content © John Davis 2011 – 2022
About Inundation Records
Thank You Kickstarter Supporters!
19 9 Tease Releases
Remembering Thich That Hanh
Today I would like to pay respects to Thay. His books had a big impact on me when my mom started having them around the house in the mid 80's, which was how I started to get interested in Buddhism. Thay gave me the Dharma name Great Patience of the Heart during a 3 week […]
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Buddhism, Cambridge Insight Meditation Center, Diamond Sutra, Gender, Heart Sutra, Insight Meditation Center, Karl Marx, Larry Rosenberg, mental health, Patriarchy, Plum Village, Robert McNamara, Sutra On the Full Awareness of Breathing, Thich Nhat Hahn, Vietnam, Vietnam War, Vipassana, Zen
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There's an hour left on the first day of 2022 in my time zone. Enough time left to get started on one of my new year's resolutions: to write shorter posts on this blog, and to write them more often. Here goes. There are very few times these days when I feel like I'm missing […]
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Top 40 Over 40.31: Oumou Sangare's Massive "Seya"
This album made a big impression on me when it came out in 2009. At the time, I was mostly listening to music on the car radio, and WERS in Boston played it frequently. I wasn't going to record stores or shows or playing instruments much at that time, though I was writing a lot […]
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Early Bird Gets T Worm
I been working hard but not in this website format so by the time I got around to posting about this limited edition Folk Implosion T Shirt…it's gone! But we're not, anymore. Folk Implosion are working on two songs for a new single and hope to continue with more than that after… We are corresponding […]
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Folk Implosion, Reunion
Top 40 Over 40.30: Duke Ellington, 1962
One of the things I admire about the jazz tradition is the fluidity with which musicians move from being leaders to sidemen. Take an album like Conference of Birds by Dave Holland. I mostly knew Dave as a sideman for Anthony Braxton and Miles Davis. But then Braxton turns around and plays sideman for Holland's […]
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New Subscription Available On Bandcamp
I've started a subscription option on Bandcamp. Here's the description you'll find there – consider joining or telling a friend: https://jdsoundbite.bandcamp.com/subscribe The great improvisational trumpet player Bill Dixon once said in an interview that he was more interested in seeing other musicians rehearse than he was in seeing them perform. The reason? He was more […]
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I have a new record coming out on 11/20/20 that I made with my friend Dennis Callaci at his house in July of 2019, fresh off a fun tour of New Zealand and Australia. It comes out on Friday but you can stream the whole thing via Magnet Magazine online, right now. It was mixed […]
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Outside A Small City: Instrumental E-Release out now
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text:
North Carolina/
NC Ct. App./
CHERNEY v. NORTH CAROLINA ZOOLOGICAL PARK
CHERNEY v. NORTH CAROLINA ZOOLOGICAL PARK (2004)
Court of Appeals of North Carolina.
Tinya CHERNEY, Plaintiff, v. NORTH CAROLINA ZOOLOGICAL PARK, Defendant.
No. COA03-1615.
Knott, Clark, Berger & Whitehurst, L.L.P., by Joe Thomas Knott, III, Michael W. Clark, and Bruce W. Berger, Raleigh, for plaintiff appellant. Attorney General Roy Cooper, by Special Deputy Attorney General William H. Borden, for defendant appellee.
Tinya Cherney ("plaintiff") appeals the opinion and award entered 28 July 2003 by the North Carolina Industrial Commission.
The facts and procedural history pertinent to the instant appeal are as follows: On 18 July 1998, plaintiff visited the North Carolina Zoological Park ("the Zoo") in Asheboro as a business invitee. While plaintiff was inside the Zoo's African Pavilion, a thirty-four-foot-tall ficus benjamina tree ("ficus tree") broke from its support cables and fell onto a nearby thirty-eight-foot-tall Traveler's tree, a portion of which broke off and struck plaintiff. Plaintiff sustained multiple injuries, including a fractured right femur, fractured vertebrae, and fractured ribs. She subsequently underwent surgery and incurred medical expenses exceeding $80,000. 00.
On 7 September 1999, plaintiff filed a claim for damages against the Zoo pursuant to the Tort Claims Act, N.C. Gen.Stat. § 143-291, et seq. In the affidavit in support of her claim ("the affidavit"), plaintiff alleged her injuries and damages resulted from the negligence of Zoo employees Ron Ferguson ("Ferguson") and Virginia Wall ("Wall"). Ferguson served as Chief Gardener for the Zoo and Wall was the Curator of Horticulture for the Zoo. Plaintiff's affidavit contained the following allegations:
That the injury or property damage occurred in the following manner: Mrs. Cherney was in the enclosed African Pavilion near the center when a large ficus tree fell hitting a palm tree. Both trees then fell on her pinning her to the floor of the walkway in the African Pavilion. The impact caused vertigo, broke her right femur, cracked three ribs, caused compression fractures to three vertebra[e] and wrenched her knee. The injury occurred because the ficus tree which was indoors had been permitted to grow too large for its roots or alternatively had not been properly maintained to prevent it from becoming unsafe. The ficus tree was under the exclusive control of the Zoo personnel and not subject to wind or any natural force.
On 21 December 1999, defendant filed an answer denying the allegations of the affidavit. Defendant asserted that plaintiff failed to properly "allege a negligent act or omission on the part of the alleged employees of defendant" and failed to properly "state a claim over which there is jurisdiction over the person and subject matter and ․ upon which relief may be granted."
On 13 August 2001, Deputy Commissioner Richard Ford ("Deputy Commissioner Ford") heard arguments and received evidence from both parties. In an order filed 30 October 2001, Deputy Commissioner Ford ordered that defendant pay plaintiff $500,000.00 in compensatory damages.
Defendant appealed Deputy Commissioner Ford's opinion and award, and on 29 April 2002, the matter came before the Full Commission for review. In an opinion and award filed 28 July 2003, a majority of the Full Commission reversed Deputy Commissioner Ford's prior opinion and award. The majority made the following pertinent findings of fact:
3. There was no evidence that the first of the two named employees, Ron Ferguson had any involvement with the tree that fell on plaintiff.
18. The greater weight of the evidence indicates that Ms. Wall neither knew or should have known that the ficus tree was likely to fall. There is no showing that Ms. Wall violated any applicable standard of care in her management of the horticulture department and supervision of the horticulture staff.
Based upon these findings of fact, the majority made the following pertinent conclusions of law:
2. Pursuant to N.C. Gen.Stat. § 143-291, plaintiff must show that the injuries sustained were the proximate result of a negligent act of a named state employee acting within the course and scope of his employment.
4. The greater weight of the evidence shows that Ms. Wall's practices and management of her staff in the care of the ficus benjamina were reasonable and met or exceeded the standards for monitoring, record keeping, pruning, watering, fertilizing, cabling, syringing and soil mixture in her field. Plaintiff has failed to prove that either of the named employees of defendant, Ron Ferguson and Virginia Wall breached any applicable standard of care. Therefore, plaintiff has failed to prove negligence and is not entitled to recovery.
Commissioner Bernadine S. Ballance ("Commissioner Ballance") dissented from the Full Commission's decision and order. Plaintiff appeals.
The issues on appeal are: (I) whether the Full Commission applied the correct legal standards in its decision; and (II) whether the Full Commission's findings of fact support its conclusions of law.
Under the Tort Claims Act, "jurisdiction is vested in the Industrial Commission to hear claims against the State of North Carolina for personal injuries sustained by any person as a result of the negligence of a State employee while acting within the scope of his employment." Guthrie v. State Ports Authority, 307 N.C. 522, 536, 299 S.E.2d 618, 626 (1983). On appeal from a decision by the Full Commission, this Court reviews the decision for errors of law "only under the same terms and conditions as govern appeals in ordinary civil actions, and the findings of fact of the Commission shall be conclusive if there is any competent evidence to support them." N.C. Gen.Stat. § 143-293 (2003).
N.C. Gen.Stat. § 143-297(2) (2003) requires that a plaintiff filing suit against a state agency provide by affidavit "[t]he name of the department, institution or agency of the State against which the claim is asserted, and the name of the State employee upon whose alleged negligence the claim is based [.]" This Court has previously noted that "[t]he purpose of requiring a claimant to name the negligent employee of the State agency is to enable the agency to investigate the employee involved and not all employees." Davis v. N.C. Dept. of Human Resources, 121 N.C.App. 105, 111, 465 S.E.2d 2, 6 (1995), disc. review denied, 343 N.C. 750, 473 S.E.2d 612 (1996).
Here, plaintiff alleged that Ferguson and Wall were negligent both individually and in their supervision of staff maintaining the ficus tree which fell on plaintiff.
In the case sub judice, a review of the record shows that the Commission examined Ms. Wall's supervision of her department and all its personnel in the performance of their duties. During her deposition, Ms. Wall identified the staff members who performed the various tasks associated with this ficus tree. The plaintiff never moved to amend her complaint to identify any other employee as negligent even though the failure to do so may be fatal to her case. Laughinghouse v. State ex rel. Ports Railway Comm., 101 N.C.App. 375, 376-77, 399 S.E.2d 587, 589, disc. review denied, 328 N.C. 732, 404 S.E.2d 871 (1991), cert. denied, 502 U.S. 1029, 112 S.Ct. 866, 116 L.Ed.2d 772 (1992).
Here plaintiff had to establish that the State as a landowner breached its duty to exercise reasonable care in the maintenance of its premises, the Zoo. Nelson v. Freeland, 349 N.C. 615, 632, 507 S.E.2d 882, 892 (1998), reh'g denied, 350 N.C. 108, 533 S.E.2d 467 (1999).
The duty of care depended upon the procedures for monitoring the ficus tree in question. There is no evidence that any of the staff members deviated from the guidelines Ms. Wall set to accomplish these goals.
The Commission made the following finding of fact:
It then made the following conclusion of law:
4. The greater weight of the evidence shows that Ms. Wall's practices and management of her staff in the care of the ficus benjamina were reasonable and met or exceeded the standards for monitoring, record keeping, pruning, watering, fertilizing, cabling, syringing and soil mixture in her field. Plaintiff has failed to prove that either of the named employees of defendant, Ron Ferguson and Virginia Wall breached any applicable standard of care. Therefore, plaintiff has failed to prove negligence and is not entitled to recovery. Bolkhir, 321 N.C. at 709, 365 S.E.2d at 900, N.C. Gen.Stat. § 143-291.
(Emphasis added.) In each, the actions of the staff are necessarily encompassed in the applicable finding and conclusion. The Commission concluded that Ms. Wall's actions were not negligent and that plaintiff failed to prove that her procedures, policies or staff management breached any standard of care. There is no evidence that any of her staff failed to follow any of her procedures. Thus it is clear that the Commission considered the actions of the unnamed staff in concluding that Ms. Wall was not negligent and properly applied the standard of review required by Davis.
The Nelson case properly sets forth the duty of care owed to members of the public by landowners where our Supreme Court stated:
In so holding, we note that we do not hold that owners and occupiers of land are now insurers of their premises. Moreover, we do not intend for owners and occupiers of land to undergo unwarranted burdens in maintaining their premises. Rather, we impose upon them only the duty to exercise reasonable care in the maintenance of their premises for the protection of lawful visitors.
Nelson, 349 N.C. at 632, 507 S.E.2d at 892. The Bolkhir case cited by the Commission, although it predates Nelson, is consistent with the standard set forth therein.
We thus hold that the Commission utilized the proper legal standards in its review of the Deputy Commissioner's award.
We must next consider whether the findings of fact are supported by competent evidence and whether the Commission's findings of fact justify its conclusions of law. Simmons v. N.C. Dept. of Transportation, 128 N.C.App. 402, 405, 496 S.E.2d 790, 793 (1998).
Competent evidence in the record shows that the ficus tree had been monitored under the existing protocol for over 10 years without incident, that the tree appeared healthy, that the number of cables supporting the tree was double the recommended minimum, and that the care provided exceeded industry standards for monitoring, record keeping, pruning, watering, cabling and the like.
Given the evidence as briefly summarized above, these facts do support the Commission's conclusion of law that Ms. Wall was not negligent as stated in Conclusion of Law No. 4, although there was evidence to the contrary.
As Bolkhir v. N.C. State Univ., 321 N.C. 706, 710, 365 S.E.2d 898, 900-01 (1988), cited by the Commission states:
With regard to the second element, this Court has defined proximate cause as
"a cause which in natural and continuous sequence, unbroken by any new and independent cause, produced the plaintiff's injuries, and without which the injuries would not have occurred, and one from which a person of ordinary prudence could have reasonably foreseen that such a result, or consequences of a generally injurious nature, was probable under all the facts as they existed."
Hairston v. Alexander Tank & Equipment Co., 310 N.C. at 233, 311 S.E.2d at 565 (citations omitted). Foreseeability is thus a requisite of proximate cause. Id. To establish foreseeability, the plaintiff must prove that defendant, in the exercise of reasonable care, might have foreseen that its actions would cause some injury. Id. at 234, 311 S.E.2d at 565. The defendant must exercise "reasonable prevision" in order to avoid liability. Id. The law does not require a defendant to anticipate events which are merely possible but only those which are reasonably foreseeable. Id.
Having concluded that plaintiff failed to prove that Ms. Wall's procedures or staff management was negligent in any manner and it was unforeseeable that this ficus tree would fall, the Commission denied recovery. Based on the evidence supporting this determination, we cannot substitute a different judgment. Therefore, the decision of the Commission is affirmed.
Because I conclude that the Industrial Commission erred in its opinion and award, I respectfully dissent.
"Under the Tort Claims Act, jurisdiction is vested in the Industrial Commission to hear claims against the State of North Carolina for personal injuries sustained by any person as a result of the negligence of a State employee while acting within the scope of his employment." Guthrie v. State Ports Authority, 307 N.C. 522, 536, 299 S.E.2d 618, 626 (1983). On appeal from a decision by the Full Commission, this Court reviews the decision for errors of law "only under the same terms and conditions as govern appeals in ordinary civil actions, and the findings of fact of the Commission shall be conclusive if there is any competent evidence to support them." N.C. Gen.Stat. § 143-293 (2003). Nevertheless, "[i]f the [F]ull Commission applied an incorrect standard of review to the deputy commissioner's findings, this Court could reject the [F]ull Commission's findings and conclusions as errors of law." Hummel v. University of N.C., 156 N.C.App. 108, 112-13, 576 S.E.2d 124, 127, disc. review granted, 357 N.C. 459, 585 S.E.2d 757 (2003), disc. review improvidently granted, 358 N.C. 130, 591 S.E.2d 518 (2004).
This Court has previously noted that "[t]he purpose of requiring a claimant to name the negligent employee of the State agency is to enable the agency to investigate the employee involved and not all employees." Davis v. North Carolina Dept. of Human Resources, 121 N.C.App. 105, 111, 465 S.E.2d 2, 6 (1995), disc. review denied, 343 N.C. 750, 473 S.E.2d 612 (1996). However, "although the Tort Claims Act is strictly construed, the rule of strict construction should not be replaced by one of 'technical stringency.' " Id. (quoting Northwestern Distributors, Inc. v. Dept. of Transp., 41 N.C.App. 548, 550, 255 S.E.2d 203, 205, cert. denied, 298 N.C. 567, 261 S.E.2d 123 (1979)).
In Davis, this Court concluded that the plaintiff's affidavit "gave sufficient notice to defendant to allow it to narrow its investigation to those involved[,]" in that the affidavit "named the correct state agency, as required by section 143-297, the specific division of that agency, as well as the [location] where the alleged negligence took place." 121 N.C.App. at 111, 465 S.E.2d at 6. Despite the affidavit's failure to name the specific employee found negligent by the Full Commission, we affirmed the Full Commission's ruling, noting that "the objective of section 143-297 was achieved." Id.
Our decision in Davis was consistent with previous determinations by this Court, including Northwestern Distributors, Inc. In Northwestern Distributors, Inc., plaintiff's affidavit named only one of the two employees whose "negligence combined and concurred" to injure plaintiff. 41 N.C.App. at 552, 255 S.E.2d at 206. However, we determined that "[t]he name of Joe Bill Moxley, the driver of the truck, and other information in plaintiff's affidavit gave to defendant sufficient notice of which employee or employees were involved so that defendant could properly confine its investigation." Id. Similarly, in Smith v. N.C. Dep't of Transp., 156 N.C.App. 92, 576 S.E.2d 345 (2003), the plaintiff named the Secretary of Transportation, two division managers, and "unknown employees" as the individuals directly responsible for the safety of a particular railroad crossing. This Court determined that the "names and information [provided in plaintiff's affidavit] gave defendant sufficient information to 'enable the agency to investigate the employee actually involved rather than all employees.' " Id. at 100, 576 S.E.2d at 351 (quoting Northwestern Distributors, Inc., 41 N.C.App. at 551, 255 S.E.2d at 206). We thus concluded that the plaintiff was not required to name the specific employee responsible for placing a sign at the railroad crossing.
In the instant case, the Full Commission's decision reversed the opinion and award of Deputy Commissioner Ford, who had previously found that defendant's employees had been negligent in their duties with respect to plaintiff's injuries. Deputy Commissioner Ford had concluded that both Wall and the personnel under her supervision were negligent in their care and maintenance of the tree. However, on appeal, the Full Commission based its denial of plaintiff's claim upon its determination that plaintiff had failed to demonstrate that either of the two employees named in the affidavit were negligent. Specifically, the Full Commission found that "[t]here was no evidence that ․ Ron Ferguson had any involvement with the tree that fell on plaintiff," and that "[t]here is no showing that Ms. Wall violated any applicable standard of care in her management of the horticulture department and supervision of the horticulture staff." Thus, because the Full Commission determined that "[plaintiff] failed to prove that either of the named employees of defendant, Ron Ferguson and Virginia Wall[,] breached any applicable standard of care," the Full Commission concluded that "plaintiff has failed to prove negligence and is not entitled to recovery." I conclude that the Full Commission erred.
Plaintiff's affidavit contains a detailed depiction of how her injuries occurred and specifically states that the injuries occurred inside the African Pavilion. The affidavit names Ferguson and Wall as negligent employees and contains reference to their supervisory titles. The affidavit alleges that "[t]he injury occurred because the ficus tree which was indoors had been permitted to grow too large for its roots or alternatively had not been properly maintained to prevent it from becoming unsafe[,]" and it states that "[t]he ficus tree was under the exclusive control of the Zoo personnel." I conclude that plaintiff's affidavit provides "sufficient notice to defendant to allow it to narrow its investigation to those involved" in the maintenance of the ficus tree, including the personnel supervised by Wall. Davis, 121 N.C.App. at 111, 465 S.E.2d at 6.
However, there is no indication that the Full Commission considered whether any of Wall's personnel were negligent in their duties. The Full Commission's own findings of fact and conclusions of law indicate that it confined its review to the two employees named in the affidavit. By placing emphasis on the words "management" and "supervision" contained within the Full Commission's finding of fact number eighteen and conclusion of law number four, the majority concludes that the Full Commission considered the actions of Wall's staff in its opinion and award. I would not make such a leap. Although I recognize that the Full Commission serves as an appellate committee and is given the authority to reverse the decision of a Deputy Commissioner, I conclude that the Full Commission's decision in the instant case involved the application of a "technical stringency," and thus runs counter to the legislative purpose of the Tort Claims Act. I would therefore hold that the Full Commission erred in failing to consider the negligence of the personnel supervised by Wall, and, accordingly, I would reverse and remand the case.
McCULLOUGH, Judge.
Judge HUNTER concurs. Judge TIMMONS-GOODSON dissents.


With their supporters energized in opposition to Donald Trump, Democrats hold their widest advantage in midterm election vote preferences since 2006, when they seized control of both houses of Congress.
Rebounding from a tighter contest in the spring, Democratic House candidates now lead their Republican opponents nationally by 52-38 percent among registered voters in a new ABC News/Washington Post poll – a lead that holds up across a range of likely voter models.
Surpassing that Democratic lead in vote choice, 60 percent of registered voters say they'd rather see the next Congress controlled by the Democrats, as a check on Trump, than by the GOP, to support Trump's agenda. Preference for Democratic control is up 8 points from a year ago.
The Democrats' advantage reflects Trump's broad unpopularity. As reported Friday, 36 percent of Americans approve of his job performance, the lowest approval rating for a president heading into his first midterms in polling dating to 1954. Next closest were Jimmy Carter's 42 percent in 1978; Barack Obama and Bill Clinton at 46 percent in 2010 and 1994, respectively; and Ronald Reagan's 48 percent in 1982.
Most of those are not good omens for the Republicans: The parties in control of the White House lost 63 House seats in Obama's first midterms, 52 in Clinton's and 26 in Reagan's (but fewer, 15, in Carter's). And in 2006, when the Democrats last held pre-election leads as high theirs now, they gained 31 seats.
Underscoring Trump's potential role, 59 percent of registered voters say it's highly important to them to support a candidate who shares their opinion of the president. Essentially equal numbers of Trump's supporters and opponents say so. The difference is that his critics outnumber his backers by a 22-point margin in this survey, produced for ABC by Langer Research Associates.
Notably, far fewer, 34 percent, strongly seek a candidate who shares their view of Nancy Pelosi, the House Democratic leader and GOP election foil.
• While 51 percent of Americans say the Democratic Party is out of touch with most people's concerns, that's down 16 points since April 2017. And many more, 63 percent, say both Trump and the Republican Party are out of touch, with no gain for either.
• Sixty-five percent of registered voters say it's more important to them to vote compared with past midterm elections. Among those who approve of Trump's work in office, 56 percent say so. But among the much larger number who disapprove of Trump, many more, 73 percent, say it's more important to them to vote this year.
• The number of self-reported registered voters who say they're certain to vote this year has grown from 62 percent in January to 67 percent in April to 75 percent now. Those gains have occurred disproportionately in more Democratic groups – up 24 points among blacks since April, up 17 points among 18- to 29-year-olds and up 11 points among Democrats and moderates alike, for example.
• The shares of Democrats, Republicans and independents in the survey is typical of their long-term levels -- 34, 27 and 33 percent, respectively, among registered voters. But more independents are now leaning toward the Democratic Party rather than the Republican Party -- 46 percent, vs. 36 percent in April.
A broad 72 percent of registered voters think the Democrats will try to impeach Trump if they take control of the House -- a line the Republicans have been using to push against voting for Democratic candidates. But the approach has its challenges.
The reason is that, among those who support Democratic candidates, 72 percent in fact favor impeachment proceedings against Trump. Support for impeachment plummets among GOP voters, to just 12 percent. As such, the GOP may motivate more of its voters to turn out in opposition to impeachment – but in so doing, it risks motivating Democratic voters to turn out for precisely the opposite reason.
There's a middle group, not currently supporting either side, in which most expect a Democratic House to impeach but fewer like the idea. The Republicans could fish for anti-impeachment voters there -- but it's a very small pond.
Turnout is key, particularly in midterms, when it typically favors the GOP. The party's risk is that motivated opposition to Trump may swamp its traditional advantage. The Democrats' risk, in turn, is that the anti-Trump vote could end up to be more talk than action in the final event.
Other issues could help turn the screw, in either direction. The economy may offer the Republicans their greatest hope. Fifty-eight percent of Americans say it's in excellent or good shape, up -- albeit just by 7 points -- since Trump took office. The public divides evenly on how Trump is handling the economy, not a good score but a far better one than his approval overall.
At the same time, more Americans oppose than support Trump's tariffs on some imported goods, 50-41 percent, with strong opposition exceeding strong support by 11 points.
Results on tariffs are highly partisan, as are views on immigration, another issue the GOP has been pressing for election advantage. It could help in some districts; if the Democrats took control of the House, 43 percent of Americans say they wouldn't be tough enough on immigration. At the same time, more, 56 percent, say Trump is "too harsh" in dealing with illegal immigration. For them, the Democrats may in fact be a welcome counterweight.
A third item, the nomination of Brett Kavanaugh to the U.S. Supreme Court, is an unlikely election factor on two grounds. One, judicial nominations rarely rate highly among voters' concerns. And two, as reported separately, Kavanaugh's public support is among the lowest on record for a high court nominee.
Results in House vote preference include some sharp changes from an ABC/Post poll in April, when Trump was in better shape and the overall contest had narrowed to a scant 4-point Democratic lead. It looks now more like it did in polling last January and November, with 12- and 11-point Democratic advantages, in line with today's 14 points.
The shifts include a dramatic falloff for the Republicans in one of their core support groups, non-college white men. They backed GOP candidates by a 43-point margin in April; it's a much tighter 10 points today. That's moved the race among men overall to a dead heat, 45-44 percent, Democratic-Republican.
The Democrats, at the same time, have achieved growth in one of their key groups, college-educated white women, up from a 24-point lead last spring to 38 points now. The Democrats now lead by a wide 25 points among women overall.
The poll finds an even race among whites, 45 percent for Democratic House candidates, 46 percent for Republicans. The Democrats then push ahead with a vast 50-point lead among nonwhites, including 89-4 percent among blacks.
A 1-point result among whites would be an extraordinary result in these midterms; Republican House candidates won whites by 22 points in 2014 and 23 points in 2010. But it was a scant 4-point race among whites in 2006, the race the Democrats hope will be analogous to this year's.
Another result would be even more remarkable if it held through to Election Day: Americans age 65+, a typically more Republican group in recent elections, backed GOP candidates for House by a 16-point margin in 2014 and 21 points in 2010, narrowing to a dead heat in 2006. In this poll, surprisingly, Democrats lead among seniors by 22 points, 57-35 percent -- enough for a midterm record, by a long shot, if it holds. Notably, Trump's job approval rating among seniors is just 38 percent in this survey, 10 points below his peak in this group in spring 2017.
Also worth examining are sometime swing voters. Independents are the prime example; they typically vote with the winner, for example, favoring Republican House candidates by 12 points in 2014 and 19 points in 2010, but Democrats by 18 points in 2006. Today they back Democrats by just that margin, 18 points.
White Catholics also are potential swing voters; they backed Republicans by 22 points in 2014 and 20 points in 2010, compared with a +1-point Democratic outcome in 2006. Today, white Catholics are back in dead-heat mode, +3 Democratic -- again just about exactly matching the 2006 race that the Democrats hope to repeat, and the Republicans to avoid.


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Q: Visual Studio 2012 mouse flicker In Visual Studio 2012, any time the mouse is over a Debug "Watch" or "Autos" Window, OR if the mouse is over a String Table, it flickers horribly on every update.  Trying to scroll down through the String Table is so painful - you can watch each item get repainted with the mouse flickering the whole time (I have to move the mouse out of the window and then page up and down with the keyboard).
This didn't happen with Visual Studio 2008.
Interestingly, it also does not happen when I Remote Desktop to the exact same computer, same Visual Studio 2012 install, and even the same project.
The "Use hardware graphics acceleration if available" setting has no affect one way or the other.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Large multi-element radio telescopes are frequently used in a special way. This mode of operation is known as 'tied-array' and the way that it works is that signals from separated antennas (or arrays of antennas) are added coherently. The sensitivity of coherently combined stations should increase by the square-root of the number of stations compared with the incoherent station sum. Instead of working as multiple stations, they work as if they are just a single station. The output sum signal can be used in experiments such as very long baseline interferometry, pulsar and transients observations, extra-terrestrial intelligence signal detection.
Within each LOFAR station, the signals from the antennas are phased to create a single output. However, on the 7th February, LOFAR announced that they had successfully combined the first data coherently from not just the antennas of a single station, but the antennas of multiple stations. The stations used were the 12 HBA fields of the so-called 'superterp' — a large collection of small LOFAR stations, grouped together in the north of the Netherlands.
clustered together on a moated circle of land.
This new development has greatly improved the sensitivity of the LOFAR system. The EISCAT_3D system will also make use of this technique to improve sensitivity.
A lot has been happing with the LOFAR array lately. It is great to hear about all these new developments.


One of the reasons people enjoy playing Boavista is that it's always in first-rate condition. Another is the attractiveness of the course with its far reaching views of the Bay of Lagos to the east and the Monchique mountains to the north. Designed in 2002 by Howard Swan the golf course uses the natural contours of the terrain and as a result it presents plenty of challenge - especially on holes six and eight where you have to hit your ball across a ravine!
With two distinctive sections the course offers a variety of holes commencing with the welcoming first hole, a meandering downhill par-4, bordered by beautiful sub-tropical landscaping leading to harmoniously designed properties. The first nine, in general, climb to the highest point of the resort, where a pause at the eighth tee will allow one to experience panoramic views. Subsequent holes descend to an area where water features, streams, lakes and arched bridges, reminiscent of landscaped gardens abound.
If you would like to brush up on your game there is always a friendly golf professional on hand to give you expert tuition. The resort has an exclusive short game practice area with three beautifully maintained course size greens: one for putting, one for chipping and the other surrounded by bunkers. Practice facilities also include a driving range.
If you want to freshen up after your game we have spacious locker rooms and showers available to members and guests.


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It's how we get there
About TDA
Just Fix It Wisconsin
Wisconsin Transportation
Executive Directors Bio
TDA Fact Sheet
On the Go Podcast
Wisconsin State Journal Editorial Board: Don't skimp on Beltline interchange 9/8/2018
9/5/18 – Wisconsin State Journal
Wisconsin is wisely expanding Interstate 39-90 from four to six lanes from Madison south to the Illinois border.
The much improved and roomier highway will allow people and products to get where they need to go faster and safer as south-central Wisconsin and its economy continue to grow.
Unfortunately, because of Gov. Scott Walker's poor management of Wisconsin's transportation system, the state Department of Transportation doesn't have enough money to do the project right.
The DOT is considering drastic — and irresponsible — changes to its original plans for rebuilding the busy intersection of Madison's Beltline with I-39-90. One option, according to the DOT, is to build only two lanes each way on I-39-90 through the core of the intersection, rather than three lanes each way, for a total of six lanes.
The result would be a bottleneck of traffic at one of the region's busiest interchanges.
The DOT has delayed its recommendation for the interchange, which is aging and unsafe because of a poorly designed ramp, which pushes slower vehicles into the fast lane before they exit the interstate for the Beltline. Rather than putting savings over safety, the DOT should recommend a rebuilt interchange with six lanes, mirroring the broader expansion of the interstate to the south.
Gov. Walker's transportation secretary, Dave Ross, is trying to save money on the project because his boss, for political reasons, has refused to increase reasonable fees on motorists to maintain a solid transportation system.
Opposing higher fees to cover inflation and rising construction costs has stalled road projects across the state while increasing state debt.
We're all for trying to minimize expenses. But Ross thinks the DOT can revamp this major intersection of the Beltline and interstate for less than $100 million — when the original price tag was $550 million.
The dramatic difference in cost suggests the DOT isn't just shaving expense where it can. It's gutting the project. And the result will be traffic jams and much greater expense to travelers and businesses because of delays and crashes over time.
Gov. Walker has spent less money on roads than his predecessor, according to Politifact.com, and it shows. Wisconsin ranks 44th among the 50 states for road quality.
A modest increase in the state's gas tax of 32.9 cents per gallon, which has been flat since 2006, is the simplest solution. The state's other major source of income for roads, a $75 vehicle registration fee on most vehicles (though hybrids pay more), hasn't increased since 2008.
It's time to put public safety and the economy ahead of stale campaign rhetoric about not raising taxes. Rebuild the Beltline interchange and do it right — without skimping for short-term savings.
The Buzz About TDA
More and more we all realize that transportation, in all its different modes, is at the foundation of strong community and economic development. TDA exists to bring diverse transportation interests together so that decisions are made to help Wisconsin continue to be the most attractive state in the nation in which to live and work.
Chuck Kamp
Madison Metro
TDA Member
Transportation Development Association of Wisconsin
10 East Doty Street, Suite 201 | Madison, WI 53703
(608) 256-7044 | general@tdawisconsin.org
Contact TDA
Website development by wisnet.com LLC


Being a once-in-a-life event, weddings are always attached much attention to and the brides will rack their brains to make the big day special. Of course the bridal appearance will always be the first priority and the wedding shoes are really one of the most important accessories that will take into account. It not only reflects the theme color of your wedding, sometimes it even tells people your personality.
Dreaming of a beach wedding? The color blue is really a great choice that you wouldn't miss since it matches the surrounding color perfectly. That;s why blue wedding shoes will bit a bit hit these days.
For most brides, no mistakes are allowed in the big day, and that;s why ivory wedding shoes have its charm. Ivory is a safe choice that may help to make your big day a big success.
It is no doubt that most brides are dreaming of having a wedding as elegant as a princess. In that case, ivory wedding shoes will save you much trouble because it can match any white wedding dresses you will wear that day.
If you are a girl that want to be very flashy and want to attract more attention, you will never miss purple wedding shoes.
If you are looking for something that is subtle and classic, white wedding shoes, instead of white wedding shoes are more suitable for you. It symbolizes the beautiful love between you and your future husband and it works well with many colors like black, blue and pink.
Considering adding a touch of fun in your big day? Red wedding shoes will not disappoint you. The red really works against a white wedding gowns, but you should be careful do not to make the red too bright.
Holding a wedding is really money-consuming and if you want to make save up a little, gold wedding shoes will help. It not only add sparkles on the big day but also you can reuse it on many other occasions.
Pink is a fabulous color that can enhance any wedding day. Besides, being married does not mean that you cannot be a girlie-girl. Choosing a pink wedding dress may be a little bit over, but having a pair of pink wedding shoes will anyway makes you happy.
Lace wedding shoes are absolutely a good choice for brides who have rhinestones on their lace dress.
Looking for a beach wedding shoes is different to shopping for traditional wedding shoes.Find below that will help you to choose the right wedding shoes for that special occasion on the beach.
I would love to know where to buy those blue wedding shoes???- the ones pictured first on the white chair.
I would like to know where to purchase the glitter red shoes? Thanks.
Honey please anyone know where I can get the glass all crystal and wire beach wedding shoes in the last pic????
Where can I find the ivory and lace shoes?
Where can I find the baby blue glittered heels with the white ribbon tie?
Please please please where can i find those white lace wedding shoes, the ones with the ribbons??
Reading your content is pure pleasure for me.


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This is going to be a good test to see if anyone ever reads my blogs!!
I told you recently that I'm all atwitter and discombobulated because I'm putting together a Power Point presentation for my local NHRWA chapter in March and then for the New England (NECRWA) Chapter in April and I'm learning (slowly) the ins and outs of the PP program.
That's fine. No worries there.
I need a little help from my romance writer and reader friends. Who ( what author) do you read who writes romance with heroines and heroes OLDER than 45 years old? I'm not looking for writers who write about the fabulous 20 somethings or terrific thirty-year-olds. I want romance titles and books written about folks in their middle years. If you read romance books concerning this age group, please send me book titles or the authors who write them.
I have a few in mind, but I want to explore more. Please.
I'll say thank you in advance.
Diana Palmer writes about older people in some of her stories. I'm not sure if it's in that age range, but having read a lot of her books, I know that she writes some.
Interesting note: Many of the novels I read featuring older protagonists are more women's fiction or mystery without romance.
JOanne _ I sent you a private email. Thank for the help!
Jacquie – I forgot about her! Thanks for the reminder.
My older readers ask me to write about older couples all the time. I think from my unscientific research that it is the same readers (80% femaie/20% male, mostly college educated) aged 40 -70+. In other words, just lop off the bottom on the age demographic and I think you are there.
Madison – thanks so much for this info. Bless you.


On behalf of Laurie Maschek of Laurie W. Maschek, Attorney at Law, LLC posted in Workers' Compensation on Monday, April 23, 2018.
Louisiana companies and others that use the Safety Performance Evaluation Process, or STEP, can make their workplaces up to 670 percent safer. This is according to the 2018 Safety Performance Report issued by Associated Builders and Contractors. According to the report, companies that used the STEP system saw a drop in reportable safety accidents of 85 percent. Associated Builders and Contractors also found that STEP was more effective when both managers and employees were trained.
On behalf of Laurie Maschek of Laurie W. Maschek, Attorney at Law, LLC posted in Workers' Compensation on Wednesday, April 11, 2018.
All Louisiana workers are at risk of sustaining injuries at work, and the types of workplace injuries that they may experience vary depending on the job. For example, radiologists are at risk for suffering lower back pain and other musculoskeletal injuries. According to the American College of Radiology, approximately 33 percent of radiologists report lower back pain.


Image Title: Polished Nickel Cabinet Pulls Hardware 3 For Idea 10. Filename: polished-nickel-cabinet-pulls-hardware-3-for-idea-10.jpg. Image Dimension: 605 x 590 pixels. Images Format: jpg/jpeg. Publisher/Author: August Kertzmann. Uploaded Date: Monday - June 11th. 2018 23:12:14 PM. Category: Architecture. Image Source: zillow.com.
Tap The Thumbnail Bellow to See Related Gallery of "Polished Nickel Cabinet Pulls Hardware 3 For Idea 10"


If you have Thrivent Investments, you have Choice Dollars® available to direct. If you have Thrivent Choice Dollars to designate (to the recipient you choose), you can designate by logging in online to https://www.thrivent.com or by calling 1-800-847-4836. When prompted, say, "Thrivent Choice." Be sure to have your nine-digit Member Identification number available.
You may also stop by the Brookings Thrivent office at 337 8th Street and Michele Smith will assist you with the process of designating your dollars. If you have any questions about Thrivent Choice Dollars please call Michele at 1-605-692-6643. For general information here at Grace, talk to Wendy (Email Wendy) or Charlie (Email Charlie).


how to find → If you drive from Chojna (Königsberg/Nm.) direction Szczecin (Stettin) than about 10 km after Lisie Pole look carefully for the road left direction Rynica.
Old German cemetery. Well cleaned and restored. Located in small woods near by the village in guiet place. Many well preserved graves.


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Αρχική » Επιστημονικές Συναντήσεις » Συνέδριο "Πανέλληνες στη Μεθώνη"
Συνέδριο "Πανέλληνες στη Μεθώνη"
Centre for the Greek Language International Conference:
Panhellenes at Methone:
graphe in Late Geometric and Protoarchaic Methone, Macedonia
(ca 700 BCE)
Thessaloniki, June 8-10, 2012
Pavlos Zannas Hall, Olympion Theatre, 10 Aristotelous Square
Jenny Strauss Clay, University of Virginia
Antonios Rengakos, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Yannis Tzifopoulos, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Recent excavations, ongoing since 2003-04, have begun to bring to light ancient Methone in
the southern tip of the Haliacmon River Delta, immediately north of modern-day
Agathoupolis, ca 35 kilometers south of Thessaloniki. Methone was established, according to
the ancient sources, by colonists from Eretria in Euboea during the second colonization (800-
500 BCE) and is the oldest colony of the southern Greeks on the northern shores of the
Aegean. By the end of the 8th century, with the safest harbor in the Thermaic Gulf, Methone
became a chief commercial and industrial centre.
Methone occupies two hills, which were located by the sea before sedimentations of
the rivers Axios, Loudias, and especially nearby Haliacmon pushed the coastline ca 500 meters
away from the site. On the eastern, lower hill habitation starts already by the late Neolithic
(5200 BCE) and continues throughout the Bronze Age (3000-1050 BCE), while a Late Bronze
Age (1400-1050 BCE) cemetery has been located on the western, higher hill. During the Early
Iron Age (1050-700 BCE) habitation extends on both hills, and the finds from the eastern hill
confirm that colonists from Eretria settled in Methone around 733 BCE.
Unique and so far unprecedented for Macedonia are the pots and potsherds
unearthed from a rectangular pit of 3.50x4.50 meters in plan and 10.50 meters in depth,
apparently used as an apothetes. The greatest majority of these sherds dates to ca 700 BCE, and
191 of them, recently pieced together, bear inscriptions, graffiti, and (trade)marks inscribed,
incised, scratched and rarely painted, which are published by Matthaios Bessios, Yannis
Tzifopoulos, and Antonis Kotsonas (http://ancdialects.greeklanguage.gr). The Conference will
be devoted to the significance of these finds for archaeology, ancient history, literature, and
the study of the Greek dialects.
For further information please contact: Yannis Tzifopoulos (tzif@lit.auth.gr); Maria Chriti
(glossologia@komvos.edu.gr).
Live Streaming: June 8-10, 2012, 9.00-14.00 & 17.00-20.00
http://www.filmfestival.gr/default.aspx?lang=el-GR&page=1046
Methone Conference Invitation
Methone Conference Program
Methone Conference Poster


Location, Photography, and Investment. New things on the Avenue!
It's a big day for us here at Empire Avenue; today we add two new and very important mobile channels to our suite of social media connections, foursquare and Instagram.
Rather than buying a fancy zeppelin or, say, a tank full of diamond-clad singing sharks, Empire Avenue will use the investment to grow its team and further expand its platform, which is already generating strong revenue thanks to sales of virtual goods, currency and partnerships for branded virtual items and Achievements.
Though, I do kinda covet a zeppelin, this financing helps put in place the solid and robust framework that will let us continue to add new channels (like foursquare and Instagram), as well as work harder to grow our community.
So if you've not already done so, point your mobile devices at foursquare and Instagram, get accounts, then hook them up to your connections tab in Empire Avenue.
Then get busy growing and connecting with these new channels -- they're very cool! And don't forget to join the Instagram and foursquare interest communities and hook up with others!
August 16 – Edmonton, AB, Canada. Virtual investment economy begets not-so-virtual economic investment as Empire Avenue locks in $1.2 million in funding. The investment round is led by the exceptionally savvy team at San Francisco-based Crosslink Capital, whose portfolio includes Pandora, Bleacher Report and Carbonite, and also features iNovia Capital, with prior investments like Collective, Tynt and Well.ca, as well as BioWare co-founders Drs. Ray Muzyka and Greg Zeschuk.
Empire Avenue is the world's only social stock market, where you are the "company" and your product and value is determined by what you do online and the networks you create. A social platform centered on your social currency, the site allows everyone to embrace and grow their personal brand, make new value-based connections online and get the most out of social media. Empire Avenue offers a range of metrics to show users the value of their networks on sites like Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, LinkedIn and Flickr. To coincide with today's investment news, Empire Avenue has also added scoring for Foursquare and Instagram, solidifying its position as the most comprehensive measurement of network value.
Additional investors in this round carry a tremendous level of experience and expertise in the games and social spaces. Ben Narasin and TriplePoint Capital (who incubated Empire Avenue in Silicon Valley), former THQ and Take-Two executive Jeff Lapin, as well as Kevin Swan and Dr. Boris Wertz of Vancouver-based W Media Ventures, round out the investors in Empire Avenue, which now has users in more than 190 countries.
"We're really excited to be backed by such a respected group of investors, who've all shown that they believe in the long-term potential of our socially-driven economy," said Duleepa Wijayawardhana, CEO of Empire Avenue. "We will be leveraging the experience and involvement of all our incredible investors to grow the company and explore new ideas, platforms and connections to further develop Empire Avenue.
Start building social capital to invest in people and brands around the world at http://empireavenue.com.


DPS has chosen to hire only Staff Pro for campus security this school year.
The new addition focuses on how schools can help students deal with crises.
The Pasadena-based chain will offer three hot dogs unique to the Coliseum.
The device on Catalina Island and in Parkside Gardens will collectively produce 3,700 plants and 80 pounds of fish.
The janitor's union is asking USC to support them during negotiations with their subcontractor, Aramark.
The school is currently looking for students to serve on the inaugural electoral board.
Renovations to the library include new carpeting, paint and furniture.
The additional staff will increase mental health resources for students.
Groups are encouraging behavioral changes on campus to fight waste.


Softened water still contains all the natural minerals that we need. It is only deprived of its calcium and magnesium contents, and some sodium is added during the softening process. So in most cases softened water is perfectly safe to drink. It is NOT recommended that softened water is consumed by small babies, people on low sodium diets or people with heart problems.


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Oregon Coast History Videos: Shipwreck Facts, Volcano, Joe the Sea Lion
Published 07/27/2017 at 6:03 PM PDT - Updated 07/28/2017 at 5:03 PM PDT
(Oregon Coast) – Sometimes, knowing the history behind a spot on the Oregon coast can add much to your experience there. It fires up the imagination and helps you take in the vibe that much more, soaking up the sense of the place from all sorts of angles. (Above: a secret shipwreck at Rockaway Beach).
This shoreline's history is full of surprises – some of which you can still see and touch at times. These three videos cover such subjects and shed light on aspects of the past that will amaze, helping you to dive into these beaches in a whole new way.
First, there is the crazy yet cute (and yet sad) story of Joe the Sea Lion in Lincoln City.
(Historical photos courtesy North Lincoln County Historical Society).
Back in the early '30s, the Oregon coast was still fairly inaccessible to many as a tourist destination. Parts of 101 were still being built and the roads to the beaches were not traversable when it got really rainy.
Yet one kooky sea lion changed that for a week or so.
They called him Joe, after this fairly-scarred male sea lion was found just flopping around the beaches of what was then a village called Nelscott (Lincoln City wouldn't be founded until the '60s, made up of little villages around this one).
One local managed to get him into a pen, where Joe quickly became as enamored of his human captors as much as they were of him. He loved getting his back scratched with a broom, getting hosed down – but most of all he loved escaping. Each night he'd get out and – while presumably thinking these were caves – he'd be found in the doorway of a home, or even inside one.
One article on the goofy beast and all of a sudden Nelscott was dealing with hundreds upon hundreds of tourists. Sadly, the neighboring burgh of Taft got jealous and complained to local authorities, which took him away and released him back into the wild.
Now, however, we realize this was the right thing to do, whatever the motives of Taft really were.
See the full story on Joe the Sea Lion here – and you can see a statue of him at the SW 35th access in Lincoln City.
Three Amazing Oregon Coast Shipwreck Facts You Didn't Know. There are definitely more than three shipwreck tales that are amazing and astounding on these shores, and in fact there is this deeper insight into Five Amazing Shipwreck Facts that is truly full of surprises.
But did you know?....
The wreck of the Peter Iredale at Fort Stevens nearly bit the big one in World War II? That infamous (yet not very well known) bit of history where a Japanese sub fired upon the U.S. mainland carries the unusual snippet of trivia that the wreck was nearly destroyed by the volleys. There's another fun factoid in the video as well.
The video also makes note of the J. Marhoffer shipwreck that not only gave Boiler Bay its name (near Depoe Bay), but the flaming ship set some of the trees of the bay on fire. (Historical photos courtesy Lincoln County Historical Society in Newport).
Also in this little movie: the secret shipwreck of Rockaway Beach and how to find it.
Scary Pre-History of Yachats and Its Volcanoes. Imagine a fiery, hellish landscape of molten lava covering your favorite beach and plunging into the nearby ocean. Imagine that area filled with toxic gasses and plumes of burning objects shooting into the air from a volcano right near you.
This was what would be the Yachats area around the Oregon coast about 50 million years ago, and that volcano was the beginnings of the famed Cape Perpetua. Granted, the actual shoreline was more than 80 miles east at this point and the volcanic Perpetua had likely sprung up from beneath the waves, however.
This and other volcanic action around this area is why there are so many layers of basalt. The video says more, but even more details are found at Yachats Geology: Wonders and Frights of Central Oregon Coast. - Oregon Coast Hotels in these areas - Where to eat - Maps - Virtual Tours


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Stanley Kubrick: The Exhibition. Design Museum, Holland Park
Jack's Typewriter from The Shining part of The Kubrick Exhibition at The Design Museum Picture Ed Reeve - Credit: Archant
An extraordinary treasure trove of props and production work from the master auteur's iconic films is a pleasure to see
Alex's costume from A Clockwork Orange part of The Kubrick Exhibition at The Design Museum Picture Ed Reeve - Credit: Archant
There are numerous reasons why, twenty years after his death, the influence and reputation of film director Stanley Kubrick are even bigger than when he was alive.
A lot of it is down to his independence and perfectionism which are an easy stick to beat modern movie makers with.
Plus he is massive with the Fake News Nutters who believe that he filmed the fake moon landing and was murdered because his final film Eye Wide Shut revealed the truth about how the Illuminati run the world.
Just as when you get hit by Mike Tyson, you stay hit; when Kubrick made a film, it stayed made.
The entrance to The Kubrick Exhibition at The Design Museum picture by Ed Reeve - Credit: Archant
His films really stand apart, they brush off the passing of time. Whatever their flaws, they are definitive statements.
Which other filmmaker could be the subject of a show like this which takes up a floor in the Design Museum in Holland Park?
Stanley Kubrick: The Exhibition finally arrives in the country where he spent most of his working life after having done something of a world tour.
It's an extraordinary treasure trove of pre-production art, props, memos and filmmaking paraphernalia, organised into eleven rooms.
The first room is an overview and the remainder covers the last ten of his thirteen films, from Paths of Glory onwards.
The exhibition, which runs until September 15th attempts to show the extremes of his perfectionism.
In the Eyes Wide Shut section, there are six composite photos of the Commercial Road in the East End, all shot by nephew Manuel Harlan who, to get the angle Kubrick demanded, stood on a twelve-foot ladder that he had to keep moving down the entire road.
Predominantly though, the pleasure is seeing all those great toys up close. It's all here: the typed pages of "All work and no play make Jack a dull boy" from The Shining, the Born To Kill helmet from Full Metal Jacket, Ken Adam's model of the war room from Dr Strangelove. The only thing missing is the monolith from 2001. I wonder who nabbed that?


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Afrodite Sevasti
Home » Eb Profiles » Afrodite Sevasti
Greek Research and Education Network SA
Dr. Afrodite Sevasti holds the position of Chief Technology Officer at the Greek Research and Technology Network (GRNET) S.A. where she is currently leading next-generation network and cloud infrastructure and service development. She has also worked for a period of 20 years within GÉANT, the pan-European Research and Education Network both as an engineer and as a Senior Project Manager on SDN and automation/orchestration solutions for data networking. Prior to joining GRNET, she worked as an R&D Computer Engineer at the RA Computer Technology Institute (Greece).
Afrodite also currently serves as an Independent Expert within Horizon2020 of the European Commission and is a member of the Working Group on the National Cloud Policy in Greece. She is also a deputy General Assembly representative in GÉANT on behalf of Greece. Her expertise relevant to the WG lies in network and cloud service modelling and delivery, including business agreements, especially in multiple provider environments. Also in acquisition and operational cost management for network/cloud/storage eInfrastructures. She has participated in the EOSCpilot project and has worked on the technical liaison between GÉANT and the EOSCHub project. Afrodite graduated from the Computer Engineering and Informatics Department of Patras University, Greece, where she also received her PhD in the field of QoS enhancements on IP-based networks. She also holds an MSc degree in Information Networking from the Information Networking Institute of Carnegie Mellon University.


Board Policy 6.7 delegates to the chancellor authority to acquire, develop, and sell real property and to contract for the development of real property owned by other parties in conjunction with technical college carpentry programs. M.S. 136F.36, Subd. 2, requires the development of policies for leasing requirements and construction supervision.
Part 2. Approval for the Acquisition of Real Property.
Subpart A. Approval for the Acquisition of Real Property. The college shall submit to the Vice Chancellor - Chief Financial Officer as soon as possible a description and anticipated costs of the real property the college is planning to acquire for use in its student carpentry program. The college may proceed with the acquisition after receiving a written memorandum from the Vice Chancellor - Chief Financial Officer approving the acquisition. The approval memorandum will include delegation authority to the president of the college to execute all legal documents required to acquire the specific property, a copy of which will be forwarded to the Attorney General's Office. All legal documents must be reviewed by the Attorney General's Office.
Funds needed may be obtained from any authorized source including, but not limited to, General Fund appropriations for instructional expenditures, non-instructional expenditures, money carried forward, and non-Treasury sources of money.
Real property may be acquired by any authorized means, including gift or purchase. A college may, at its discretion, determine if purchase acquisition should be by quit claim deed, warranty deed, or limited warranty deed. Acquisitions may not be made by contract for deed. A college may, however, enter into a written agreement giving the college an option to acquire a parcel of land within a specified time period.
All documents related to an acquisition or acquisition option shall be prepared or approved by the Office of the Attorney General.
All taxes and special assessments constituting a lien on any real property received and accepted as a gift, grant, bequest, devise, or endowment shall be paid in full by the landowner before title is transferred to the State.
The college may locally purchase title insurance.
A title review must be undertaken by the Office of the Attorney General before title to any property passes to the State.
The college may mandate that environmental assessments or other environmental investigations be done prior to any or all acquisitions of real property for instructional construction.
Part 3. Approval for Selling a Student Constructed Structure on Real Property Purchased by the College or Student Construction Improvements to Real Property Owned by a Party Other than the College. All student constructed structures to be sold on real property purchased by the college (see Part 2 for obtaining approval to acquire real property) or student construction improvements to real property owned by a party other than the college (including real property owed by a college foundation) require the written approval of the Vice Chancellor - Chief Financial Officer. The approval memo will include a paragraph delegating to the president of the college the authority to sign all legal documents for that particular structure and, if a part of the sale, the real property. A copy of the approval memorandum will be forwarded to the Attorney General's Office which will serve as official notice of delegation of authority for the property or improvements cited in the memorandum.
b. A statement that the college either carries insurance which specifically covers the warranties or has encumbered the amount necessary to cover the maximum liability under the warranties until the warranties expire.
The college must have the proposed purchase agreement or other appropriate legal document prepared or approved by the Office of the Attorney General.
A list (if known) of the co-contractors and/or subcontractors and a description of their work.
The college must have the proposed contract or other appropriate legal document prepared or approved by the Office of the Attorney General.
Part 4. Requirements for the Sale of Houses or Improvements Made to Real Property Owned by a Party other than the College.
Houses or improvements must be sold at fair market value. The college may obtain an appraisal to assist in determining fair market value.
Real property acquired under an instructional construction program may be sold upon the terms and conditions established by the college, in accordance with applicable law. "For sale by owner" sales may be conducted by the college. All documents related to sales of houses or improvements shall be prepared or approved by the Office of the Attorney General.
Where sale is by public auction, the auction must, unless special approval is received from the chancellor, be conducted by a duly licensed auctioneer. The contract with the auctioneer shall be prepared or approved by the Office of the Attorney General. Sale shall be to the highest responsible bidder. The auction may not be held unless at least two weeks' notice has been provided in at least one newspaper of general circulation in the area where the property is located. The notice shall state the name(s) address(es), and license number(s) of the auctioneer(s) conducting the sale. The auctioneer fees and other administrative costs of the auction may be included in the sale price, paid from the proceeds of the sale, or paid from any other available funds not otherwise restricted or encumbered. A list of the conditions of sale must be available to potential bidders before or at the auction. The college must state in the conditions of sale whether it reserves the right to reject any bid or to withdraw the property from sale.
Where sale is by sealed bid, sale may not be made unless at least two weeks' published notice has been provided in at least one newspaper of general circulation in the area where the property is located. The notice shall state the time and place for receiving bids and shall contain a brief description of the real property for sale. The real property shall be sold to the highest responsible bidder. The college may at its discretion refuse to sell real property where no acceptable bid is presented.
Where sale is by a real estate agent, sale shall be conducted only by a duly licensed agent. The contract with the agent shall be prepared or approved by the Office of the Attorney General. The real estate agent's fees and other administrative costs of the sale may be included in the sale price, paid from the proceeds of the sale, or paid from any other available funds that are not otherwise restricted or encumbered.
Sale may, in the discretion of the college, be with or without warranties similar to those which appear in MS Chapter 327A. The college may modify the warranties which appear in Chapter 327A. Should warranties not be offered, the college shall give clear notice of this fact to the buyer. If warranties are offered, the college must obtain insurance which specifically covers the warranties or must encumber the amount necessary to cover the maximum liability under the warranties until the warranties expire.
Net proceeds of the sale of real property through instructional construction programs will be retained by the college.
Where real property acquired through an instructional construction program cannot be sold for fair market value the college may at its discretion lease the real property under the terms and conditions it prescribes, in accordance with applicable law. Proceeds from the lease of real property will be retained by the college.
Part 5. Development and Construction Supervision.
The college may contract with any responsible person, firm, corporation, association, or governmental agency as necessary for the instructional construction program. Contracts must be prepared or approved by the Office of the Attorney General.
The college may specify in its instructional construction contract that supervision and control of instructional construction shall lie exclusively with the college.
Instructional construction shall be conducted subject to the State and local building codes.
In contracts for sale of improvements or real property, the college may, at its discretion, offer warranties similar to those which appear in MS Chapter 327A. The college may modify the warranties which appear in Chapter 327A. Should warranties not be offered, the college shall give clear notice of this fact to the buyer or landowner. If warranties are offered, the college must obtain insurance which specifically covers the warranties or must encumber the amount necessary to cover the maximum liability under the warranties until the warranties expire.
The college must require that those providing services to the college during the construction of a house must comply with all applicable licensing requirements, including MS Chapter 326.
The college may require the escrowing of funds or the posting of performance and payment bonds in connection with any or all instructional construction contracts.
The college may require that any or all subcontractors involved in instructional construction waive their right to place a lien on the property.
The college must collect and keep on file lien waivers, on forms prepared or approved by the Office of the Attorney General, for all materials, labor, skills, and machinery paid for by the college in connection with an instructional construction project.
The college should normally competitively bid contracts related to instructional construction, but may negotiate contracts without competitive bidding when it deems appropriate.
The college will pay any building permit fees and surcharges customarily imposed by the municipality in which the construction takes place.
The college may, using forms prepared or approved by the Office of the Attorney General, choose to conduct an inquiry into the creditworthiness of a landowner before entering into a contract for use of the landowner's property for an instructional construction project.
11/18/05 - Formerly procedure 6.5.2; re-numbered procedure adopted.
06/21/00 - Contains language formerly in system procedure 7.9.1.


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Alex on Film
Film Commentary by Alex Good
*. I (foolishly) went into Leprechaun: Origins with high hopes. After having them shattered by what was probably the worst Leprechaun movie to date (you might want to write it off as LINO, or Leprechaun In Name Only) I adjusted my expectations accordingly for Leprechaun Returns. Sure this wasn't a WWE Studios production, but Syfy? Was that any better?
*. Well, maybe it's because my expectations were so low but I really enjoyed Leprechaun Returns. It's not exactly a sequel or a reboot, as it dismisses all of the previous Leprechaun movies except the first, which it follows up on directly, albeit twenty-five years later.
*. So now we have Lila Redding (Taylor Spreitler) the daughter of Tory Redding, returning to the house the Leprechaun had attacked in the original. As you will have guessed, he's still down the well he had been sent into at the end of that movie. Just waiting to be revived.
*. Tory Redding had been played by Jennifer Aniston in the first movie. The producers tried to get Aniston to come back for at least a cameo here, but no dice. Warwick Davis also bowed out as the Leprechaun. Instead all they got was Mark Holton to return as Ozzie. Who comes to a messy end but at least has his moments of heroism.
*. Everything here works well enough. Linden Porco does a perfectly adequate job filling in for Davis as the Leprechaun. The comic bits, mostly revolving around Rip Van Winkle-style jokes about waking up twenty-five years later, are funnier than anything in the other movies. There are some good bits about the kids using cell phones to take selfies of themselves with the little guy. The Leprechaun marvels at their phones being both a camera and a Walkman, which leads to one of the kids asking "What's a Walkman?" Also, as a connoisseur of fine footwear he tosses a pair of Crocs in the garbage, figuring it's time to kill that fashion trend.
*. So there are some decent jokes. Not belly laughs, but as I've said before the series has never been as funny as I think it should have been and here it's at least amusing. Also an improvement is the gore, including two really enjoyable kills (a postman having his head crushed in a mailbox and a doofus being sliced in two by a solar panel). There's some stuff making use of a drone that doesn't work that well, but those scenes are among the few misfires. And by the standards of most of what you see on the Syfy channel (just think of all those ghastly Sharknado movies) it all looks pretty darn good.
*. Even the basic plot is actually OK. A gang of young women are turning the old Redding place into an eco-friendly (and way, way off-campus) sorority house. They are described at one point as the nerdiest sorority ever but quite surprisingly they don't all play as clichés and their defeat of the Leprechaun doesn't turn into a tired statement of female empowerment. It's just fun. In the words of director Steven Kostanski, "a goofy, ridiculous horror romp."
*. So full credit to Kostanski (who also did The Void), writer Suzanne Keilly, and all the rest of the cast and crew. Sure we're judging by really low standards, but this is one of the best Leprechaun movies, and one of the best Syfy channel movies I've seen. Colour me green, surprised, and entertained.
This entry was posted in 2010s on January 11, 2021 by Alex Good.
← Leprechaun: Origins (2014) North by Northwest (1959) →
15 thoughts on "Leprechaun Returns (2018)"
fragglerocking January 11, 2021 at 4:51 am
Excellent. I'm very glad the wee fellow has been redeemed in a better cinematic vehicle.
Alex Good January 11, 2021 at 5:03 am
This one was pretty good, especially coming after the awfulness of Leprechaun: Origins. And that's a wrap!
Onwards to critters?
Alex Good Post author January 11, 2021 at 5:27 am
Critters might not be for a little while yet. I have a bunch of other stuff to get through!
tensecondsfromnow January 11, 2021 at 5:17 am
Is it over? Can I come out now?
There are no more leprechauns. And I think you're going to miss them now that they're gone!
What next? The complete Police Academy? All the Ernest movies?
Spies in the Sixties!
Matt Helm? Bulldog Drummond?
Both! And Bond. Palmer. Flint. It's a full month of stuff.
Actual normal films that can be watched without illness?
Lots of good ones. But a few turkeys.
Flint as in James Coburn??
Looking forward to that! Loved the In like Flynn movies.
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