In the heart of winter, we have time for making resolutions, looking ahead and planning for future outcomes. But is there a way to make the future less misty and undefined? At the Northern Research Station, scientists are exploring techniques that can aid natural resource professionals in how they think about the future as well as developing tools that resource managers can use to anticipate forest health and manage for a sustainable future. In the months of January and February, we feature a scientist, research, a product and partnership all focused on helping managers plan for an array of possible future forest scenarios.
Hot off the press, the Federal Government's five-year strategy for STEM education. The Plan has three goals: build strong foundations for STEM literacy; increase diversity, equality, and inclusion in the workplace; and prepare the STEM workforce for the future.
Dave Bengston's childhood was filled with long camping trips visiting national parks, national forests, and state parks all across the United States. When not camping with his family, Boy Scouts, or church groups, Bengston was often out exploring and playing in the nearby woods and fields with his brothers and friends. Time spent indoors was often filled with books – from science fiction to environmental classics – which captured his interest at an early age. His father's copy of "The Futurist" magazine, published by the World Future Society, was also always around the house and sparked an interest that led him to eventually create an individually designed undergraduate degree in "Futures Studies." An outstanding economics professor introduced him to environmental economics and Dave changed paths in graduate school.
As a research social scientist and environmental futurist with the USDA Forest Service, Bengston's research has explored connections between people and forests, from the neglected voices of Native Americans and Hmong residents to how people's values, attitudes and beliefs affect forest management and policy.
A few years ago, Bengston realized that his past interest in futures research is a perfect fit with present forest planning, management, and policy needs, and the result of that epiphany is the Northern Research Station's Strategic Foresight Group. Bengston works with a team that is developing and testing new methods to improve foresight for forestry stakeholders and decision makers.
When not pondering the future of forestry and natural resources, Bengston can often be found with his family at their "beach house" on Lake Superior or working on his growing collection of bicycles. A year-round bike commuter and hobby framebuilder, he has built cargo bikes, recumbents, a bamboo bike, and an "ice trike" for those really icy winter days.
As a Research Social Scientist who focuses on futures research, Dave Bengston points out that all decisions are about the future, not the past. And the next thing Bengston will point out is that while we learn a lot about the past and ways to consider it during our school years, instruction on thinking about the future is virtually nonexistent.
His 10 Principles guide is a slim 34 pages, but because the present may not give us enough time to read up on a framework for thinking about the future, Bengston worked with the Northern Research Station web team to create an even slimmer online version of the guide. "Distilling our science into products that are both relevant and convenient is part of what we do," Bengston said.
One way to understand how forests change over time is to spend decades observing forests and recording data. Another approach is to put data from a previous study to work. Scientists at the Northern Research Station in Rhinelander, Wisconsin, using a forest landscape model and information gleaned from an earlier climate change study called Aspen FACE made projections about forest composition in response to elevated carbon dioxide and ozone after 80 years. The study only required one year to complete.
The Aspen Free Air Carbon Experiment (Aspen FACE) was conducted from 1997-2009 and, at the time, was the world's largest climate change experiment. The study involved exposing aspen, paper birch and sugar maple growing in the field to elevated carbon dioxide and ozone to determine how these three northern tree species responded. The study concluded 12 years after it began, but aspen can grow for 80 years, leaving scientists with questions about whether changes observed in the first 12 years would persist.
Scientists used PnET-Succession, a growth and competition module of the LANDIS-II forest landscape model, to project how specific management and climate scenarios will affect future forest composition and function. PnET-Succession is unique in that it uses fundamental physiological principles to simulate the effects of carbon dioxide and ozone on photosynthesis and growth of each tree species. Results confirmed one Aspen FACE result: while ozone has a negative impact on growth, elevated carbon dioxide levels mitigate ozone impacts. However, the study also showed that short-term species growth trajectories do not always persist in the long term.
Scientists have just completed a follow-up study to implement the Aspen-FACE experiment on a Wisconsin landscape that contains many more species than the original research plot, letting the model account for seed dispersal, disturbances and climate change.
With the uncertainties associated with climate change looming, Northern Research Station scientists asked Chippewa National Forest staff to join them and university researchers in a partnership to integrate climate science into forest management decision making. A successful grant proposal to the USDA's Agriculture and Food Research Initiative provided funding to support the effort.
Scientists and managers worked together in a collaborative and iterative approach in development of a model to make predictions about future forests under a variety of management scenarios. To begin the effort, the core modelling team worked to set up and identify inputs to the basic model (i.e. such as relative growth rates of different tree species, species sensitivity to insects and disease, and species responses to different silviculture treatments). Next, modelers consulted with local experts, including silviculturalists, biologists and forest health and community specialists, to answer questions about how forests would respond under varying conditions. This occurred through a series of communications including phone-calls, emails, and face-face visits.
Finally, with the goal of learning by all parties, scientists and stakeholders designed plausible alternative scenarios and then responded to model results relative to their local knowledge and interests. In this effort management scenarios included: "Business as Usual" (current management practices), "EcoGoods" emphasizing economic return by reducing the minimum age to harvest and increasing the annual harvest, "EcoServices" focused on carbon storage and conserving forest habitat, and "CCAdapt" as a possible strategy to manage climate change by favoring species adapted to expected conditions that included planting four species not currently in the region. A "no harvest" scenario was also simulated to project what might occur if no further management actions were taken.
The research team is planning to replicate this collaborative process with other national forests in the region, thus helping land managers envision how their forests will look and function in the future given various management decisions made today.


Did Alexandria Orcasio-Cortes get banned from TWITTER? I am waiting for her comments about the 320+?
What does the L.G.B.T.Q. organization have to say about Molestation in the Boy Scouts by Bi/Gay men?
Why did this Gay teacher molest a minor male student?
Now taking Pedialyte from a syringe. Feel bad for the little guy!
Why Christians believe in Jesus? He arose on the 3rd day.?
If you suddenly have a heart attack and your heart STOPS beating but your brain is still functioning, do you tell?
Should the U.S. INVADE all of Africa and Nationalize ALL gold and diamond mines in order to pay for 'SLAVERY" reparations?
There is hope for the future of the U.S., ISN'T there?
Did Pittsburgh, Pa. city council ban AK-47 style semi-automatics ? Just curious, these dead folks weren't white killed by white!?
When will Democrats STOP chasing Trump/Russia collusion lies?
Since Pres. Trump didn't collude with Russia in 2016 to win the U.S. Presidential Election will broken Liberals join the Republican Party?
How could Robert Mueller let us down by saying NO COLLUSION?
Are any of my friends on this site that are from Russia, China and Iran going to Gay Pride week in Tel Aviv in June of 2019?
Does President Trump "Yahoo"? Perhaps someone in his Cabinet does and can ask when is it time to help those that elected you?
Is it STILL okay to be a White man in the U.S. and OWE apologies to no one?
Why are Dems/Reps so upset with things that are beyond their/our control?
Can any Progressive Liberals tell me the name of the White Conservative mass murderer @ the Pulse Nightclub?
On 6/12/16 when 49 were murdered and 53 were injured? His name escapes me. Thank-you for your HONESTY!!!
Why does Catherine Pugh, mayor of Baltimore, Md. allow mass murder of Blacks (261-270) in 2018?
Isn't great to se that ALL religions get respect in the U.S.A.?
Isn't it TIME to allow the citizens of Puerto Rico to decide if they want to remain a territory of the U.S.?


English Servicing Terms and Conditions | Tiffany & Co.
Tiffany & Co., on behalf of its retail affiliates listed above or here (collectively "Tiffany"), acknowledges receipt of the item(s) either described above or associated with the Service Order Number provided (the "Item"). We are accepting custody of the Item solely for the purpose of servicing or repairing your property, or if necessary, providing you with a price estimate for service or repair work. To the extent permitted by applicable law, we reserve the right to refuse to service, repair or accept custody of the Item. By submitting the Item to Tiffany for service, you fully and unconditionally agree to and accept these Terms and Conditions, which are final and binding in all respects.
Conditions and any applicable laws, including any applicable laws dealing with abandoned or uncollected goods, these terms and conditions will prevail to the extent permitted by law.
Our examination of the Item has been made solely for the purpose of describing the Item so that your property may be identified and so that we may, if applicable, estimate the price of service or repair work. We have not made any determination as to any of the following factors: the genuineness of the Item; any trademark affixed to the Item; the age or provenance of the Item; ownership of or title to the Item; the characteristics, nature, weight, dimensions, identity or fineness of any stone or metal contained within or comprising the Item; or the value of the Item.
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How did the construction market shape up in Q3 2019?
According to the latest Construction PMI figures, building activity in Q3 of 2019 fell at the second-fastest rate since April 2009.
It suggests that the UK construction industry is stuck in a downturn. Especially after a historically steep drop in new orders recorded, as firms scaled back employment at the fastest rate since the end of 2010 due to unfavourable demand, client hesitancy and low confidence.
Q3 at a glance
Commercial activity was the worst performing sector with civil engineering and residential building not far behind.
Buying levels declined at the joint-fastest rate since January 2010 due to lower operational requirements and increased efforts to contain costs.
Unsurprisingly, Brexit uncertainty was given as a major factor in the severe slow down of activity.
However, UK construction firms were mildly optimistic that output volumes would pick up over the coming 12 months.
Phil Harris, director at BLP Insurance, who have a wealth of experience within the construction sector, said:
"If PM Boris Johnson can carve out the legislative space to make good on the flurry of infrastructural commitments, this could provide the vital dose of confidence needed to kick-start growth. HS2 continues to serve as a litmus test of what could be. If the promised review results in cancellation then the shockwaves are likely to hurt both the residential market and general sentiment."
The Midlands, the North West and Yorkshire and the Humber saw levels of construction activity remain quite high.
Comparatively, key regions including London, the South East and parts of the East of England have seen declines in activity.
Public new housing and infrastructure output are two areas where we've seen growth.
Year on year private new housing output was 5% higher despite being slightly down on the previous three months.
Public non-residential output slipped by 9% against the previous three months but was only 2% down year on year.
Industrial and commercial sector output were 6% and 5% down on a year ago respectively.
Looking ahead within the construction sector
Looking at construction forecasts from now until 2021, infrastructure is set to be the key driver of overall construction growth. The sector is predicted to reach a record high of £26bn in 2021 compared with £20.6 billion in 2018.
This will largely be driven by a pipeline of work in the electricity, rail and water & sewerage sub-sectors, which includes main works on high-profile projects, including the Thames Tideway Tunnel, High Speed Rail and Hinkley Point C.
Marshall (Building Contractors) Ltd
Case Study: Marshall Building Contractors Ltd – Flexiscreen enclosure in office building extension
Jerram Falkus Construction Ltd
Case Study: Jerram Falkus – Hoardfast Firescreen internal welfare site rooms
Kemtile at Marston's Brewery
Case Study: Marston's Brewery – Flexiscreen for dust screen

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Home Explore Top-Ranked Industries
Best STEM Industries
Vault ranks the best industries to work in. Whether you are a recent grad or looking for a career change, use these rankings to find an industry that is right for you.
To determine our Best Career Path Rankings, we use a formula that weighs the most relevant categories for an overall quality ranking. Each path's overall score was calculated using the following formula: 25% demand (number of job openings), 25% earning potential (median salary), and 25% job satisfaction (perks, benefits, work/life balance), and 25% employment rates (unemployment).
Top Ranked Industries
Fastest Growing Industries
Best Industries for Undergraduates
Best Industries for MBAs
Best Alternative Industries for JD Degrees
Best Industries for Liberal Arts Majors
CompTIA AITA, a major information technology (IT) industry trade association defines IT as the "utilization of computing via hardware, software, services, and infrastructure to create, store, exchange, and leverage information in its various...
Overview Background Defining Events
Social media refers to user-created content (audio, text, video, multimedia) that is published and shared online. It is also the online technology that allows users to share content and communicate with one another. Social media has changed how...
The Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) defines engineering as "that profession in which knowledge of the mathematical and natural sciences gained by study, experience, and practice is applied with judgment to develop ways...
Overview Background
Accounting practices have been used ever since the first farmer kept track of the number of sheep or cows he owned and the first merchants tracked inventory and kept records of their profits and losses. From these humble beginnings, accounting...
The energy industry comprises the companies and people who locate fuel resources, harness them or remove them from the earth, and then process and distribute them for use. It is one of the largest, most dynamic, and often most controversial...
Mathematics is the science of numbers and their combinations, operations, generalizations, and abstractions. As a science of order and structure, math evolved from counting, measuring, and describing the shapes of objects around us. Mathematics...
The pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry produces drugs and other products that help people and animals live healthier lives, recover from injuries, and fight illnesses. From its humble origins in local pharmacies and apothecaries that...
Investment management is the business of investing other people's money. It is the "buy side" of the broader financial industry. Investment managers, sometimes called asset managers or money managers, put their clients' money to work in common...
Two main disciplines make up the aerospace industry: aeronautics , the study of flight, and astronautics , the study of travel beyond Earth's atmosphere. Within these divisions are a multitude of space, commercial, and military uses for moving...
Architecture is a blend of technology and art. Architects plan and design buildings, other structures, and the spaces around them. In addition, many technicians are involved in the design processes and in the construction projects that...
Best companies to work for | Best Midsize Law...
Best Utilities Companies to Work For
Best companies to work for | Best Law Firms...


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J. Harris after W. J. Shayer - Three coloured aquatints - Coaching scenes, 4.25ins x 7.25ins, in Hogarth frames and glazed Provenance: Arthur Ackermann & Son Ltd, 157a...
William Summers (19th Century), engraved by Charles Hunt - Four coloured engravings - From the series "Life in Philadelphia", various sizes, all framed and glazed
Juan Bautista Bru de Ramon (1740-1799) - Four coloured engravings - Fish identified in Spanish - "Viejo", "Breca", each 13.5ins x 8ins, and "Besugo" and "Otra Clafe de...
Juan Bautista Bru de Ramon (1740-1799) - Four coloured engravings - Fish identified in Spanish - "Chocha de Mar" and "Herrera o'Mabra", each 14.5ins x 8ins, and...
Juan Bautista Bru de Ramon (1740-1799) - Four coloured engravings - Fish identified in Spanish - "Aligote", signed "Bru", 12ins x 7.75ins, "Sargo Picudo", 13.25ins x...
Four Coloured Reprints of 18th Century Engravings of Botanical Specimens, 20th Century, each 17ins x 13.5ins, framed and glazed
Leon Danchin (1887-1938) - Limited Edition coloured etching - "English Setter Flighting Mallard", signed in pencil 13ins x 23.5ins, No 236 of 500, in Hogarth frame and...
***Charles Johnson Payne (aka Snaffles - 1884-1967) - Coloured lithograph - "The Finest View in Europe", signed in pencil, with blind stamp, 16.75ins x 26.25ins,...
***Charles Johnson Payne (aka Snaffles - 1884-1967) - Coloured lithograph - "The Informers", signed in pencil, 17ins x 21.5ins, framed and glazed
***Charles Johnson Payne (aka Snaffles - 1884-1967) - Coloured lithograph - "Oh to be in England now that April's there", signed in pencil, 20ins x 26ins, framed and...
Conway Martin (20th Century) - Two linocuts - "The Mill House", signed and titled to mount, 12ins x 9.25ins, and "Northdown Farm, Margate", paper label with pencil...
After Erte (1892-1990) - Nine coloured prints - Symbolic numerals 3, 5, 6, 8 and 0, and four symbolic alphabet A, H, L and V, each 9.5ins x 6.75ins, in modern...
***William Russell Flint (1880-1969) - Colour print - Figures by a pool, blind stamp and signed in pencil to margin, 16.25ins x 22ins, framed and glazed
***Jonathan Yeo (born 1970) - Limited edition silk screen print - "Shebah 1" - Portrait of the artist's wife, No. 10 of 75, signed, 12ins x 12ins
20th Century School - Coloured film poster - "Rio Grande", 1950, produced for the French market and distributed by Republic Pictures, 18.5ins x 13.5ins, framed and glazed
***Charlotte Ward (born 1957) - Two drawings - Pen and watercolour - "My House", signed and dated '99, 10.75ins x 15ins, and pastel - "Hedgerow", signed and titled to...
***John Ryan (1925-1992) - Pen and wash - Captain Pugwash drawing - "From Pugwash and the Fancy Dress Party", signed and dated 1982, 5.5ins x 5.375ins, framed and...
***Charles Keeping (1924-1988) - Ink drawing - "Cockney Ding Dong", signed and dated '74, 11.25ins x 9ins, framed and glazed
ARR Laurence Stephen Lowry (1887-1976) - Limited edition colour print - "The Level Crossing", signed in pencil to lower right, and Fine Art Trade Guild stamp and "FHK"...
George Alexander Cooke - "Topographical and Statistical Description of the County of ....", printed for C. Cooke, 17, Paternoster Row, London, circa 1810, twenty-one...
William Berry - "The History of the Island of Guernsey", published by Longman, Hirst, Rees, Orme & Brown, Paternoster Row, 1815, one full leather bound volume
The Times - "House of Commons 1929, 1931, 1935 and 1945", published by The Times Office, Printing House Square, EC4, four cloth bound volumes
William Darell - "The History of Dover Castle", printed for S. Hooper, 212, High Holborn, 1786, one full leather bound volume, John Lewis Roget - "Sketches of Deal,...
A Small Collection of Volumes of Nottinghamshire Coal Mining and General Interest, including - R. Page Arnot - "The Miners: One Union, One Industry. A History of the...
Parliamentary Report, 16th March 1803 - "Report from the Select Committee who were appointed to try and determine the merits of the petition of Daniel Parker Coke,...
A Collection of all the addresses and other papers which were published during a late contested election at Grantham: To which is added a correct list of the voters,...
B. Boothroyd - "The History of the Ancient Borough of Pontefract, Containing an Interesting Account of Its Castle, and the Three Different Sieges it Sustained During...
The Canterbury Cricket Week. An authentic narrative of the origin and career of the institution: including the programmes of the old stagers performances, with the...
John Kerr - "The Golf-Book of East Lothian", published by T & A Constable, 1896 (one gilt stamped and brown cloth volume)
Sixteen Books of Military History, including - D. J. L. Fitzgerald - "History of the Irish Guards in the Second World War", published by Gale & Polden Ltd., 1949 (one...


Buck Naked's all-natural vegan soaps are formulated to moisturize and cleanse all skin types. Using only the best natural oils, essential oils, botanicals and herbs, this amazing collection of soaps is hard to beat. Try every one of their natural soaps or stick to your favorites! They will leave your skin feeling soft, silky, hydrated and clean. Sometimes...bigger is better. Not only are Buck Naked bar soaps made of high quality plant based ingredients, they are substantial in size so you get more for your 'buck'.
Treat your skin to the glow and softness that provided by cocoa butter can provide. Known to reduce the appearance of scars and stretch marks, as well as brighten dull and irritated skin, this gift from nature will leave you feeling pampered.


This is the grave of William Jennings Bryan.
One of the most complicated and fascinating figures in American history, Bryan was born in Salem, Illinois in 1860 to a locally prominent political family and a father who loved Andrew Jackson and the Democratic Party. His father was the Democratic nominee for Congress but 1872 but lost to the Republican. So politics was the lifeblood of the Bryan family and this was passed down to young William. Bryan himself showed great skill. In an era where oratory was valued as a form of entertainment, young Bryan showed immediate promise, giving little speeches even as a child. He also converted to evangelical Christianity at a revival when he was 14. These two experiences defined his life.
Bryan graduated from Illinois College and then Union Law College, which later became Northwestern's law school. He married Mary Baird, who became a lawyer herself and who basically managed her husband's long and very public career. Wanting more opportunities to establish himself in law and politics than small-town Illinois offered, the young couple moved to Nebraska. He started a law firm in Lincoln and became involved in local Democratic politics. The late 1880s was a period of great political upheaval on the Plains, with the post-Civil War order of extreme partisanship based on Democrats being seen as the party of treason in defense of slavery was giving way because of the massive corruption and corporate control that defined both parties. All sorts of little third party movements were popping up and nowhere more than in the Midwest–greenbackers, the Farmers Alliance, etc. There were many questions about whether these reformers should work within the established parties or outside of them. In 1890, Bryan, who had gained a reputation for his excellent political speeches, pulled off a big upset in this Republican state, defending the incumbent congressman while running on a platform of monetary reform, a lower tariff, and legislation to rein in corporate behavior.
The Democratic Party was in the throes of turmoil (Dems in Disarray!) when Bryan entered Congress in 1891 between these reform forces and the old school southern Bourbons. Bryan was definitely with the former and he did not support his own party's presidential candidate, Grover Cleveland, in 1892. Instead, he backed the Populist James Weaver and was reelected himself with significant Populist support. He spent his time in Congress fighting unsuccessfully to save the Sherman Silver Purchase Act and for the first peacetime federal income tax. In 1894, he ran for the Senate, but this was a banner year for Republicans in response to the Cleveland administration's complete failure to deal with the Panic of 1893 and Bryan was defeated by his Republican rival when Nebraska voters elected a Republican majority to the state legislature.
By 1896, the Populist movement had reached its height and was also ascendant within the Democratic Party. The Panic of 1893 and discredited the DINOism of Cleveland and the party's financial wing. Bryan became a leading candidate to be nominated in 1896, to the horror of the Cleveland supporters. He traveled the country giving his famed speeches and raising his profile. The 1896 Democratic National Convention was a mess. There were many prominent candidates and the civil war in the party meant it was very difficult for anyone to win a majority. The financial conservatives decided to throw a wrench into the proceedings when they demanded a floor debate on monetary policy. Giving speeches for the free silver side were Pitchfork Ben Tillman and Bryan. Tillman totally bombed, littering his speech with romantic references to the Civil War. Bryan, seeing his chance, launched into what became his iconic speech–the Cross of Gold. One of the most important speeches in American history, Bryan would later give it hundreds if not thousands of times, just to entertain the masses even after it was no longer politically relevant. He galvanized the convention and became the nominee, even though he was only 36 years old.
Bryan was able to co-opt the Populists, who never recovered. They felt he was a sellout and free silver was not their top priority, but it didn't matter. On the other hand, Cleveland actually supported the Republican William McKinley over Bryan and the party elites were disgusted by the newcomer and his populist policies that favored farmers and everyday workers over financiers and capitalists. Bryan knew there was no way he could out fundraise McKinley. Republican kingmaker Mark Hanna was horrified at the idea of what he considered a wide-eyed radical taking power and he launched an unprecedented fundraising campaign to crush Bryan. The Democrat on the other hand took the road, taking a long train tour where he gave the Cross the Gold speech and rallied people around the nation. In many ways, 1896 was the first modern presidential campaign. Bryan did OK, but did not win the election. He swept the white South, won much of the Midwest, and nearly all the West. But these were small states. Moreover, Bryan's vision of America was definitely one of white Protestant farmers and so he had very little to say to the immigrants in American cities that were gaining citizenship and thus the vote. Even though Tammany and most, though not all, the urban political machines were run for Democrats, Bryan did poorly among the non-Protestant ethnic minorities and thus couldn't win the big states such as New York that he needed to defeat McKinley.
Bryan again won the nomination in 1900 and again lost. In the meantime, he became a leader against American imperialism, which had dominated McKinley's first term. He actually supported the Spanish-American War because he was a big believer in Cuban independence, but he was outraged when the U.S. took colonies, especially the Philippines. As the grave above points out, he even tried to fight in Cuba, having raised a regiment of militia, although they were still in Florida when the war ended. He became one of the leading anti-imperialist voices in the following years. But even though Bryan gained the votes for some of the anti-imperialists, he lost a lot more and did significantly worse than he had in 1896, winning only four states that did not have slavery in 1860.
In the aftermath of his defeat, Bryan was no longer the de facto leader of the Democratic Party, but he remained influential. The conservatives took back over, but were badly outflanked by Theodore Roosevelt's Progressivism. Although he and Bryan shared some policy goals, Bryan thought TR's Progressive platform to be weak and half-hearted. When the Democrats were eviscerated by TR in 1904, Bryan again became the party's leader and was the 1908 Democratic nominee against William Howard Taft. Again, he did poorly. Bryan was calling for policies farther to the left, but this was simply an era where, despite the problems within both parties and despite the upheaval in society at large, when it came to general elections, Republicans usually won based on the old loyalties. Waving the bloody shirt could still be effective and while Bryan was hardly Ben Tillman, he also most certainly did not repudiate the racial and cultural conservatism of the white South.
There was plenty of speculation that Bryan would run yet again in 1912, but he denied this. What he did do was refuse to support most of the leading candidates. In the end, it came down to Woodrow Wilson or Champ Clark of Missouri. But Bryan and Clark had battled in the past and while he was not close to Wilson either, he felt better about that. He did lead the convention to pass a resolution reading that the party was "opposed to the nomination of any candidate who is a representative of, or under any obligation to, J. Pierpont Morgan, Thomas F. Ryan, August Belmont, or any other member of the privilege-hunting and favor-seeking class." If nothing else, Bryan was going to make sure that another Grover Cleveland not rise. And of course, it was Wilson who became the nominee with his support.
After Wilson defeated the split Republican Party, he paid Bryan off big time–naming him Secretary of State. This was not a good position for him. He was very well-traveled and extremely popular, yes. But he didn't have a clue about foreign policy. In the end, he was one of the worst choices to ever hold the position, although a good bit better than Rex Tillerson! A pacifist, Bryan engineered a bunch of dispute arbitration treaties, but we saw pretty quickly with the outbreak of World War I how effective this would be. Meanwhile, Bryan was still basically fine with the U.S. invading Latin America all the time, and the Wilson administration would do more than its share, sending the Marines into Haiti, the Dominican Republic, and, most famously, Mexico. Yet, when we think of Wilsonian foreign policy, we can easily forget about Bryan, and that's for good reason. He urged Wilson to stay out of World War I but as Wilson started to move toward British support and began condemning German U-boats, Bryan resigned in protest.
Now in the political wilderness, a sort of senior figure (who wasn't that old!), Bryan turned to his pet causes–supporting Prohibition, women's suffrage, labor rights, agricultural subsidies, fights against gender discrimination throughout society, and public financing of political campaigns. In 1924, Bryan was still powerful enough that he led the opposition to Al Smith winning the nomination because Smith was a Wet, even though that led to the conservative John Davis winning instead. But banning alcohol meant more to Bryan now than financial issues. Plus Davis named Bryan's brother as his VP candidate. However, Coolidge drubbed the bland Davis that fall. Bryan was living in Florida by this time because of his wife's health, one of the first snowbirds.
This leads us to the most famous incident of Bryan's life, at least to us today, his defense of the state of Tennessee in the Scopes Trial in 1925. If it isn't for the Scopes Trial, we remember Bryan as a good man–someone who stood up against corporations and for everyday people. He had his issues for sure–racism included and he very much supported Jim Crow. But he was a man who dedicated his life to help everyday people, or at least everyday white people, which still made him better than most politicians of the era.
Instead, we remember Bryan as an aging bumbling idiot with a backward religion. And sure, Bryan was a biblical literalist, one whose blind belief meant it was pretty easy for a genius like Clarence Darrow to pick him apart and make him look like an idiot. The sad thing was that Darrow and Bryan had long been allies in many causes. And even though the state of Tennessee won the famous case, Bryan and his evangelical allies became jokes in American culture and evangelicalism did not return to a position of political prominence for several decades. And then Bryan dropped dead right after the trial, having not even left Dayton, Tennessee.
William Jennings Bryan is buried on the confiscated lands of the traitor Lee, Arlington National Cemetery, Arlington, Virginia.
If you would like this series to visit more graves in the Baltimore-DC area, you can donate to cover the required expenses here. Among those in the area I would like to see are the civil rights activist Mary Church Terrell and former Washington senator Brock Adams, who retired to an island in the Chesapeake. Previous posts in this series are archived here.


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Doggie Diaries Day 193: When the scratches are just too good 🤗🤗🤗 #domybiddinghooman #bellyrub .
The coolest and most chill pup! Kane Queso favorite spot in the house!
The love is so real!!! Boss man with his best friends, Suga KANE!
A wise man once said "why walk when you can make the human carry you" .
Looking for a bark of approval from @pups.and.me I would@love to be an ambassador for you tell all my followers about your amazing gear ❤🐶🐶 .
It's been such a lovely bank holiday weekend!
Happy Easter everyone!! 🥚 🐣 🍫 .
Grandma's house had a cool backyard!
Enjoying the sunny weather ☀ Happy T😋T friends!


For us, People are in the highest value. Both our team members and our partners (we tend to call all with whom we cooperate as our partners as we do change each other's lives for the better). And the highest for each person is to be happy. So we do our best to help to achieve the dreams and goals of all the people around us.
We say as it is. As we understand it or as we know it. And we expect it from others. So, for example at our web site you may see not only the benefits of some solutions, but also a potential threats that should be kept in mind and managed correctly.
The highest level of relations for us is to treat everyone, both our team members and our partners, as fair and good as the closest friend would do… we meet on our road as our best friends.
This is simple – to deliver top quality result we need A-level professionals. And we do have. And when you have A-level professional they attract the other A-level people, as they seek and enjoy the opportunity of working together.
Time is almost the only thing that we cannot buy or get it back. Life is short. That is why we want to spend time as efficiently as possible to achieve the same results or even higher result during the same period of time.


God promises rest to His people. This is the promise we will focus our attention on this month. God's intention is described in the image of rest. What does that mean to you? Do you ever yearn for a period of rest? Jeremiah's words depict a traveler who has lost his way, and is told to ask those who know where the old paths are… follow the good way and you will find rest.
The human experience is an ongoing need for rest. Not just physically, although that is a significant ongoing need, but for emotional and spiritual rest as well. The image and meaning of rest in the bible is rich.
A. God's rest on the seventh day of the creation week is no incidental part of that narrative. The completion of creation in 2:1 leads naturally to God's rest in 2:2, which in turn naturally leads to the sanctification of the seventh day in 2:3. It is clear, then, that Moses intended to show that the origin of the Sabbath Day law of Exodus lay in God's rest at the end of the creation week. It was an integral part of the original order of things.
1. God did not rest because He was exhausted. "the Everlasting God, the Lord, the Creator of the ends of the earth does not become weary or tired" ( 40:28).
2. Nor just because He was completely finished working. Jesus plainly said that God has been working since the creation, including on the Sabbath day ( 5:16-17). Even the Mosaic Sabbath was not a complete cessation of all activity. Rest then, is something more.
B. The last thing God did before He rested was He "created man in His own image" (1:27). Man was the conclusion of creation as only man was endowed with a spirit capable of fellowship with God who Himself is spirit.
C. Note also that immediately after the statement about God resting on the seventh day (Gen. 2:3) comes the more detailed description of the garden and God's conditions for man's sustenance and fellowship with Him. They just needed to trust in God to continue in this rest. God's intention to provide of man's fellowship with Him is the foundation of the Sabbath rest. God's rest must be understood in light of this sequence.
D. When God entered into His rest after creating the (world, it was with the intention of enjoying fellowship with the man. In such an environment God had made it possible for man to live without giving all his time, energy, and thought to staying alive. Given their circumstances, it should have been relatively easy for them to trust and rely upon God.
II. Rest for Israel: The fellowship God wished to have with man did not materialize. Adam and Eve were deceived into a distrust of God, sinned, and were expelled from Eden. No mention of the Sabbath rest until the time of the Exodus. After Israel crossed the Red Sea and entered into the wilderness, God began to lead them to Sinai where He would enter into a covenant with them, a covenant that created (and had provisions to maintain) a fellowship between them and God.
A. Israel's Rest in the wilderness: Exodus 16 – On the way to Sinai God began to feed them with manna, and with the coming of the manna came the first mention of a Sabbath rest since the creation. The command to do no work at all did not come at this time, but it certainly is foreshadowed here. God said that on the seventh day no manna would come), thus making the work of gathering manna impossible.
1. On the sixth day the Israelites were to gather twice as much as they normally needed. Only on the sixth day would the manna not rot on the next day (16:5, 19f 24). So the Israelites gathered no manna on the seventh day (for there was none to gather), and Moses records "so the people rested on the seventh day" ( 16:30).
2. There are two important things to notice from this account.
a. The Sabbath rest was a time when the Israelites were relatively free from the concerns of their physical existence. It was the day they lived by God's hand and not their own. This echoes scene in the garden of Gen. 2.
b. The manna was provided so they might not be distracted with their survival and devote their attention to God. The Sabbath was a day in which they were called upon to demonstrate faith and trust in God. This was an opportunity for Israel to live by faith in God, which was the very thing that God had desired from man since the creation.
B. Israel's Rest in worship: The Law revealed at Sinai made the connection between Sabbath and fellowship with God more explicit. While there is much about the Mosaic Sabbath regulations to notice, we will have to content ourselves with a few key considerations.
1. The Sabbath regulations in Exodus 31 come immediately after the instructions for building the tabernacle in chapters 25-30. The Sabbath was about worship, just as the tabernacle was about worship.
2. The worship character of the Sabbath is seen in the fact that the Law required additional sacrifices for the Sabbath day (Num. 28:9-10). In other words, there was "more" worship on the Sabbath day than on the other six days – Man and God enjoying each other's fellowship.
a. The opportunity to enjoy what Adam rejected was now being given to Israel. God was still seeking to enter into His rest, His fellowship with man. God was providing the means by which Israel could enter into God's rest.
3. The Sabbath regulations reached their Old Testament climax, as it were, in the instructions for the Sabbath year (Lev. 25:3) and the Year of Jubilee (Lev. 25:8-28) The Sabbath year was every seventh year, and the Jubilee came after every seventh Sabbath year (or every fifty years).
a. In the Sabbath year (every 7th year) Israel was not to plant crops. In an agricultural society, this surely was a tremendous challenge! God's promise was that the land would produce enough on its own to sustain them, and Israel was called upon to trust God and His promise (and live like it). That is, Israel was to practice for an entire year what they normally practiced for one day each week (especially as seen in the Sabbath regulation given when the manna came).
b. The Jubilee year (every 50th year) is specifically called a year of release (Lev. 25:10). Land that had been forfeited through debt was returned to the original clan that owned it, and people who had become slaves because of debt were freed from service. Also, like the Sabbath year, there was to be no planting or sowing.
c. Just as Eden provided Adam and Eve with all they needed, and just as God provided an abundance of manna on the sixth day to cover Israel's needs on the Sabbath, so would it be on a larger scale in the Jubilee cycle. We should also note that the Jubilee cycle was observed on a smaller scale in the Feast of Weeks. The fiftieth day (that is, the day after seven Sabbath days) after the harvest of the firstfruits was a special day of worship on which no work was allowed and special sacrifices were offered (Lev. 23:10-21).
C. Israel's Rest in the Promised Land. The promise of rest for Israel is also seen in the promise and reception of the land of Canaan. When God promised rest in the land, He was not promising a cessation of activity.
1. Rest in the Biblical sense does not mean a cessation of activity, but instead refers to "the ideal living condition in the promised land" (Robinson 42) where one's activity is not burdensome but is blessed by God and productive. They would still have to work, but their labors would bring bountiful harvests (see Deut. 28:2-13).
a. The character of the land itself as fertile and productive, "flowing with milk and honey," provided a measure of this rest to Israel, and God's provisions for His people in the Sabbath and Jubilee years were extraordinary demonstrations of this very idea.
b. The word rest also indicated a "settling down" or permanent dwelling. This same word for rest (nuach) is used when God speaks of Zion as His resting-place. That is, Zion was the place where God settled among His people. This passage is especially instructive, because Zion was not just the place where God Himself rested, but was preeminently the place where God and Israel met in fellowship, and the erection of a permanent structure there for God's dwelling-place indicated that God was settling down in the midst of Israel for a long-term relationship.
d. While the land and God's rest are closely connected in the Old Testament, they are not equal terms. That is, God wanted Israel to rest in the land, and the land would be the place where the rest would be achieved, but one could live in the land without necessarily entering into God's rest. As Oswalt says, "The land was a metaphor, God was the reality" (1135).
e. and enjoyment of these conditions over one's lifetime.
3. All of these aspects of rest were to be found ultimately in God. Oswalt has said it well: "What is the Biblical understanding of rest? It is the rest of faith, a life of trust, belief, and obedience in God. In him who is eternal there is permanence; in him who has no rival there is security; in him who has made us in his own image there is freedom; in him who com bines complete power, complete holiness, and complete love there is tranquility" (1135).
Conclusion: The Sabbaths of the Mosaic code were observed only periodically (once every seven days or every seven years). and were therefore simply shadows and not the ultimate expression of God's rest. God's promise of rest for His people in the OT was central to His covenant with them. He earnestly desired to share His rest with them, but they would not keep the covenant. They missed out on the rest He had provided. Tonight we will consider the picture of rest in the words of the NT, particularly Hebrews 4. There yet remains a rest for the people of God. God has provided more through Christ.
Are you in Christ? Do you find rest in Him?


No backlight after I replaced the screen?
I replaced the screen in a macbook a1181 because of the screen being cracked. Put the new lcd in and it worked great! but after I got it back together the backlight stopped working. I replaced the inverter and the inverter cable but still nothing. I also checked the the old screen with it again because even though it was cracked the backlight still worked, but that did not work either, no back light which tells me I think its not the new screen that is the problem, if anyone could help I would be very grateful.
Remington Frisbie, since there are quite a few A1181 it will help if you start off by giving us the last 3 digits of your serial number. This will help us to properly identify your computer.
Hi, you should check voltages at backlight inverter cable. If you replaced the LCD, then you know it is located at the left side of the logic board. Voltages are: pin1 (right side): 12V, pin2: ground, pin3: 5V, pin4 (left side): 3.3V. This is for early 2008 model (Penryn). Yours may have connector placed with wires coming out from left side. In that case, pin1 is the lowest one. I had similar issue that one of the zero ohm resistors got burned out.
Voltages of pins on logic board where inverter cable hooks up.
I'm not keen on Mac repair but as far as I know, the blacklight and display supplier part (I unfortunately can't remain its name) is always changed by Apple when they change displays, because it's actually really weak. You shall look after this.


text:
AP: Yankees Bring Back Gardner On 1-Year Deal
Filed Under:Brett Gardner, Local TV, New York Yankees
SAN DIEGO (CBSNewYork/AP) — Outfielder Brett Gardner is staying with the New York Yankees after the best offensive season of his career, agreeing to a one-year contract that guarantees $12.5 million, a person familiar with the negotiations told The Associated Press.
The person spoke on condition of anonymity Thursday became the agreement had not be announced.
Gardner gets a $2 million signing bonus and an $8 million salary for next season. The Yankees have a $10 million option for 2021 with a $2.5 million buyout.
Brett Gardner (Photo by Nuccio DiNuzzo/Getty Images)
He earned $7.5 million last season, when he hit .251 and set career highs with 28 homers and 74 RBIs. He is a rare left-handed bat in a Yankees lineup dominated by right-handed hitters.
Originally slated to be a fourth outfielder, Gardner saw increased playing time because of injuries to others and played center for much of the season while Aaron Hicks was injured. Hicks had Tommy John surgery after the season and is not expected to return until summer.
Gardner turned 36 in August and is the senior member of the Yankees, having spent his entire 12-year big league career in the Bronx. He has a .260 average, 124 homers and 524 RBIs.
Yankees fans took to Gardner even more last season for his antics that included repeatedly smashing his bat into the dugout roof after called third strikes.
His agreement, added to the pending $324 million, nine-year contract with pitcher Gerrit Cole, raises the Yankees' projected payroll for the luxury tax to about $257 million, $9 million above where the highest surtax starts.
(© Copyright 2019 CBS Broadcasting Inc. All Rights Reserved. The Associated Press contributed to this report.)


Today is Earth Day. April 22nd has been the prominent date to celebrate Earth Day since 1970 with its founding by Gaylord Nelson, a USA senator from Wisconsin. Nelson came up with the idea for his environmental "teach-in" following a trip he took to California right after a terrible oil spill off the coast in 1969. Nelson was very upset with the devastation of the coast and Washington, DC's lack of passion for the environment, so he proposed a national teach-in on the environment to be observed by every university campus in the U.S. Teach-ins are meant to be practical, participatory, and move people to action. In 1970, Earth Day had a participation of 20 million people in the USA; today, Earth Day is thought to be observed by 500 million people in 175 countries.
Part of Wa-Klo's mission is to "develop a girl's connection to the environment;" we are blessed with natural beauty found in the trees, underbrush, water, mountains, and wildlife. The most precious gift we can give to Wa-Klo is to preserve, protect, and tend to the earth and all living species that dwell on it. Celebrate Earth Day and remember that the future of the world is in your hands.
The symbol for Earth Day is the Greek letter "theta." The theta sign is a combination of the letters "E" and "O," which stands for the words "environment" and "organism." Egyptians used a symbol for the universe in the form of theta with a fiery circle representing the world and a snake spanning the middle representing Agathos Daimon, which means "good spirit". Think of the "O" in Wa-Klo as representing the camp, which is filled with happy and caring women. Wa-Klo girls are truly stewards of the environment.
The beauty of Wa-Klo depends on all working together in small and big ways to save our natural resources. Give special attention to the earth on April 22nd, but celebrate Earth Day every day of your life.


text:
Anne-Sophie Redisch2022-09-10T17:08:49+01:0014 March 2022|Bosnia & Herzegovina, Europe with kids|
In the southern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, about 20 km from the border with Croatia, is a little town with a peculiar story.
On 24 June 1981, on a hill ca. 3 km from the town of Međugorje, Virgin Mary allegedly appeared before six local children – Ivan, Jakov, Marija, Mirjana, Vicka and Ivanka – for the first time. Ever since, she has appeared and re-appeared for the six visionaries, together or individually; for some of them on a daily basis, sharing messages about conversion and prayer and conquering satan. Here's one:
"Do not allow satan to gain control of your hearts, so you would be an image of satan and not of me." (January 30, 1986)
Convert, or else…?
Mary is also sharing 10 secrets with the six visionaries, about what is about to happen on Earth. The last two secrets are as yet unknown, but they sound ominous; all about the sins of the world. When all the six have received all 10 secrets, Mary will stop appearing. That's when things get serious, beginning with three warning events.
Punishment is inevitable, for we cannot expect the whole world to be converted. The punishment can be diminished by prayer and penance, but it cannot be eliminated.
I find it difficult to understand that way of thinking; difficult to understand the need to push your particular set of dogma on others. And I wonder if Mary would approve. How would she feel about her name being used to intimidate people? Would she perhaps advocate acts of kindness rather than just prayer and penance? Women, as we all know, get stuff done. I like to think Mary might have agreed with the brave leader of the suffragette movement, and made Emmeline Pankhurst's simple and powerful words her own:
Deeds, not words.
Ever since that first summer day, Međugorje has been a pilgrimage site, on par with Lourdes in France and Fatima in Portugal. Since those first apparitions forty years ago, 30-40 million have visited the little town. The large majority are pilgrims; but some are curious folks like us.
At a dirt road in the little village Bijakovići outside Međugorje, begins a rocky incline known as Crnica Hill or Apparition Hill. The hike is not very strenuous; Cat, my 3-year-old manages just fine. However, it is a bit more challenging for the pilgrims who insist on scaling the rocky hill on their knees. Slow going. Knees stabbed by sharp rocks. Some bleed.
Passing the crawling pilgrims, Cat asks why. I can provide no answer that satisfies her. Or indeed, me.
At the top, we are met by Christ on the cross.
But it is his mum who is the major draw here.
Some of the pilgrims stand silent before Mary. Some cry – and I can't help but wonder if it is in some way related to what must have been a very painful slog up Apparition Hill. Some sing. Others wail. It's an unusual sight. And, I'll admit, slightly uncomfortable.
Zahvala Kraljici Mira
Also on the hill is a memorial to the six children – and a cross bearing the inscription Thanks to the Queen of Peace.
For many years, the Vatican did not approve of the divine communication that took place regularly here in Međugorje. The Holy See has later changed its mind. In December 2017, official pilgrimages were allowed, and in May 2019, they were officially authorised.
Papal seal of approval or not, that didn't seem to make a big difference to the eager worshippers when we visited. On an October Monday in 2004, the town teemed with pilgrims in various stages of emotional turmoil.
Međugorje town centre with St James Church
Back in Međugorje town centre we found a pleasant outdoor cafe for lunch. Shamelessly, I eavesdropped on a group of Americans at the next table, regaling each other with tales of miracles that had befallen them directly as a result of earlier visits in Međugorje. Cancers had disappeared, relationships repaired, financial difficulties solved. They all seemed to be in good spirits, and pleased to be here.
World at a Glance is a series of short articles here on Sophie's World, portraying curious, evocative, happy, sad, wondrous or unexpected little encounters. It's fair to say this is yet an experience that fits several of those criteria.
About the Author: Anne-Sophie Redisch
Road Trip in the Balkans 2022
11 things you'll love in Sarajevo
Walking with alpacas (Day out Oslo)
World at a Glance: The Cotton Palace at Pamukkale


This post has been updated on January 28, 2018 to include new information about maternal Tdap vaccination.
Pertussis (also known as whooping cough) is a highly contagious respiratory disease that spreads easily from person-to-person through coughing and sneezing. People of all ages can be affected by pertussis, but it is most dangerous for babies.
Since infants don't begin receiving their own series of pertussis vaccination (DTaP) until they are two months of age, they remain vulnerable to pertussis at a time when they are also the most fragile, and it is up to us to help protect them.
When adolescents, adults and pregnant women receive their Tdap booster vaccine, they not only help protect themselves, but they also help reduce the spread of the disease to young children. It's especially important for expectant women get a Tdap booster during each pregnancy (preferably between the 27th and 36th week) so that they can pass antibodies on to their unborn baby. This provides critical protection against whooping cough until that baby is able to get their own series of whooping cough vaccinations (DTaP) at 2 months of age. Tdap vaccine also protects mothers during delivery, making them less likely to transmit whooping cough to their newborn, which can easily occur.
"One of the important things to know is most babies who develop whooping cough get it from an older child or an adult in the family," said Dr. Stechenberg.
It only takes one tragedy – like that experienced by Jonathan Alcaide and Kathy Riffenburg, who lost their son Brady – to remind us that we can help protect one another from this highly contagious disease.
Brady was a healthy and happy baby when he was born on November 20, 2011. As excited as they were about his arrival, they thought they were taking every precaution with their son. They even insisted that visitors wash their hands or use hand sanitizer before they were permitted to pick him up.
But then in early January, they noticed Brady was coming down with what they assumed was a cold. When his fever spiked to 104 they brought him to the ER where they completed a multitude of tests. They finally sent him home, requesting that they keep an eye on the cold.
Kathy kept her friends and family updated on Brady's condition through her own Facebook posts.
One week later, they were back at the hospital. While the staff at BayState Medical Center worked diligently to help Brady, his condition fluctuated daily, as observed through Kathy's continued Facebook updates.
January 17: Brady is still having a high respiration rate. Not a change. I feel he's getting worse. 🙁 I guess this particular virus this is what we can expect …worse before better.
January 17: Daddy went home to be with the girls and let them sleep in their own beds. Just me Brady and the Bruins ♥ hopefully we have a quiet night… on a good note his breathing is getting better and he even gave daddy a smile before he left! Keep the prayers coming. They are being heard! High possibility no breathing tube will be needed.
January 17: A little smile he is saving them all for the nurses little flirt! — with Jonathan Alcaide.
January 20: Well 2 months ago I had my handsome little boy ♥ and today is day 5 in the pedi ICU, hopefully good news will be coming our way.
January 21: It's hard when you see everyone coming and going from this unit, seems everyone but Brady is getting better 🙁 When will it end? Just want to bring my son home.
So tired and exhausted hopefully some good news tomorrow.
January 22: Don't want to jinx but Mr Brady pants is being weaned off his oxygen flow. Dr. Duda the respiratory md says he sounds and looks great and we soon can start the feedings back up 🙂 Keeping positive my little guy will be out soon.
January 23: Brady is still doing the same. They finally after 8 days started him on antibiotics. They think its whooping cough. The min we can leave is 5 days! This is the worst experience I ever had to go through 🙁 So thankful to have Jon. We are side by side holding each other's hand balancing this and the girls. Boy, after this we need a vacation.
January 26: Just to let everyone know Brady's status is not getting better not worse but we have a team of attendings that are going to be taking on his case with the md that he has had…they are assessing him now and going to brainstorm on what is going to happen next. Just want my baby back 🙁 Healthy.
At this point there was little that Brady's parents could do but hope and pray that their precious boy would get better. However, Brady's condition grew desperate and on Juanuary 27th, Brady was transferred to Children's Hospital in Boston. He passed away the next day, just barely 2 months old.
January 27: We are now at Boston's Children Hospital. Brady is in critical condition. His heart stopped and they had to give him compressions…we are waiting to see him. They put him on a heart and lung bypass machine. They are worried about brain injury; please pray he will be a healthy boy playing baseball someday. I will try to update as much as I can.
Now Kathy and Jon are determined to educate everyone about the importance of adult Tdap boosters and the more recent recommendations for maternal Tdap vaccine that weren't in place before they lost their son. To help prevent this sort of tragedy from happening to other families, they have become regional advocates for Every Child By Two/Vaccinate Your Family and have started a Facebook page called "Brady's Cause" where they're asking people to pledge to get vaccinated.
You can take the vaccination pledge on "Brady's Cause" Facebook page here.
Let's let Kathy and Jon know how much we appreciate them sharing Brady's story. We are grateful to all our family advocates who continue to spread the word about the importance of adult and maternal Tdap boosters. Together we can hep protect babies from pertussis.
Oh my god. My heart goes out to that family. My family has had our boosters, because of stories like this.
my whole heart goes out to this family…as my family went thru the same living hell in jan 2010–loosing our precious granddaughter callie grace to pertussis—-my daughter and son in law have spoken out in newspapers, radio,television—everywhere they could and continue to do so to educate the world about the TDAP—–i just dont know why this isnt avaviable info at EVERY dr office out there!!!!!
As adults, there are so many ways we can work together to protect newborns from vaccine-preventable-diseases. By talking to our family and friends, and sharing heart-wrenching stories such as Brady's, we help to educate and highlight the importance of adult-boosters and maintaining up-to-date with immunizations. Thank you Kathy and Jon for sharing your story and making it your mission to prevent future avoidable deaths.
Since we're speculating, it's just as easy to guess that a vaccinated individual passed pertussis on to this baby. The vaccine is not known to prevent transmission. Also, since U.S. hospitals have such high mortality rates, it can also be speculated that the baby's medical care was lacking, or even detrimental. Other factors can influence disease risk in a baby, such as breastfeeding (or lack thereof), and family history of immune dysfunction.
Since we're speculating, it's just as easy to guess that a vaccinated individual passed pertussis on to this baby. The vaccine is not known to prevent transmission.
breastfeeding (or lack thereof), and family history of immune dysfunction.
The citation should be the title, journal and dates of the PubMed indexed papers, and not a website selling a book.
Kathryn, my deepest sympathies for you loss.
I also find the accusation of not breastfeeding to be despicable. While breastfeeding is helpful, it does not prevent most diseases. My fully breastfed daughter still got chicken pox when she was six months old.
It is just one of the "blame the victim not the disease" tactics I have encountered after my son had seizures on his second day of life (sorry, "researchvaccines", it was over twenty years ago, so no vaccine was involved). Usually by folks who are making a stab in the dark without any knowing us or what we had been through. They seriously have no idea that they are acting cruel and heartless.
And the CDC states that children who had never received any doses of DTaP (unvaccinated children) face odds of having whooping cough at least eight times higher than children who received all five doses.
No, it doesn't prove that a vaccinated child or teen whose immunity had waned wasn't the source of the infection, but it certainly makes it a little more than a guess that an unvaccinated child was involved somewhere.
I am so heartbroken for this family. No one should lose a child, especially to a preventable disease. I made sure anyone holding my newborn was vaccinated because this can happen and no one should have to go through that. Thank you for sharing your story, it made me cry. He was a beautiful boy. Hopefully this will save another babies life by showing the importance of vaccines for children and adults. My heart goes out to your family.
I also find the accusation of not breastfeeding to be despicable.
While breastfeeding is helpful, it does not prevent most diseases. My fully breastfed daughter still got chicken pox when she was six months old.
Way to downplay the benefits of breastfeeding using anecdotal evidence.
It is similarly cruel to blame unvaccinated individuals, when without clinical evidence, it is impossible to know which individuals are immune and which are not.
Again, please provide citations for your statements, as I asked.
This article is a reminder that adults need to get a Tdap booster, especially if they will be around babies. It is not a vehicle for you to sell a book, by authors who do not seem to be medically qualified.
I did not argue that you did not breastfeed, only that there are other factors to consider which were left out. So sorry for the loss of your little one.
Which you need to support with verifiable scientific documentation. Perhaps something like this.
As the Immunization Coordinator at our Public Health Department it makes me very sad to read your story. By sharing it you are helping other parents see why it is so very important to immunize their children and themselves to avoid what happened to your family! Thanks for your courage.
My heart goes out to you. I don't know what it's like to lose a child, but it's heartbreaking to watch them suffer and be unable to do anything to help them. I applaud you for turning your personal loss and tragedy into motivation to help others who may not understand how devastating these diseases really can be, not only to the one who suffers with them, but to those who can only watch what they have to go through while fighting it and hoping and praying they can win, which doesn't always happen.
One person dying from a disease that can easily be prevented is too many deaths from vaccine preventable disease. Nobody should have to suffer through an illness, it doesn't make anyone stronger, case and point, the permanent damage done to my lungs when I suffered through pertussis in high school. My ambitions of becoming an Olympic swimmer were destroyed with one disease. The best I can do now is make sure my children don't have to suffer through it, that is why all my children are fully vaccinated and I hope they will continue to get their boosters as they become adults and take responsibility for their own health.
my heart goes out to this poor family! I used to work in inner city family shelters and saw several cases in little ones who thankfully survived. I then ended up with pertussis while 36 weeks pregnant and am so thankful I knew to ask about it. Having seen it I was petrified at the thought of passing it on to my newborn! I am glad treatment was available but I wish that the vaccine had been more readily available as it was not funded well when it initially came out. Thank heavens it is more well paid and available now! Blessings to your sweet family.
@cia – whale.to huh? You must also believe in Chemtrails, Morgellon nanobots, FEMA camps, and AIDS denial as well…..not exactly the place to pick up rational or logical information on anything….
This was a study published in American Society for Microbiology in December 2000. It found that in the six adults of the study, the pertussis vaccine did nothing to help them kill the pertussis bacteria, and in some it had a negative effect. Since the vaccine is in itself dangerous, it's important to learn the reasons that argue for its ineffectiveness, because, obviously, if it's not even effective, why take the risk of its side effects?.
Checking PubMed for adult pertussis vaccination papers brings up lots of active research. Yes, it is recognized that it is not a perfect vaccine, but there is some immunity, and it is complicated. It is better than not vaccinating, something you seem to be advocating.
Seriously, Ms. Parker, what do you have against increasing herd immunity against pertussis? Do you have a better solution for protecting infants from pertussis?
First of all, the vaccine is not "dangerous" and it is not "ineffective".
From the introduction of the study you cited, "These vaccines are highly effective at preventing the severe manifestations of pertussis but are less effective at preventing bacterial colonization".
cia caught lying about how the vaccine is "dangerous".
The vaccine was well tolerated with no serious adverse events.
This is one of a few studies that document increased vaccine-induced OPA against pertussis in human sera after revaccination with an acellular pertussis vaccine.
In addition to OPA, the direct complement killing of the bacteria also may play a role. We have preliminary data showing that prebooster serum with low antibody levels lacks bactericidal activity, whereas after the booster a severalfold increase in bactericidal titer is obtained.
With an improved vaccine that provides long lasting immunity and that can be given to adults, pertussis could eventually be eradicated. Currently the protection conferred by the whole cell vaccine is incomplete without booster protection at 15-18 months and 5 years of age. Because reactions are thought to be more severe in older children and adults, current whole cell pertussis vaccines are not recommended for anyone older than 7 years. Due to the longer lasting protection with the acellular vaccines, eventually physicians may be able to eliminate one dose in infancy and perhaps the dose currently given in the second year of life. A fourth dose could be given at school entry and a fifth dose about 10 years later. There are clinical trials currently in progress assessing the safety and efficacy of acellular vaccines among adults.
There is no reason to believe that the acellular pertussis vaccine is safer than the whole cell vaccine, it appears to cause fewer mild reactions but just as many severe ones. This information above from Canada, including that people over seven shouldn't get the pertussis vaccine, is what was broadcast here when my daughter was little, about ten years ago, before the Tdap was released and promoted. Did they really suddenly figure out how to make it safe to give those older than twelve in 2005, or did they just think they'd see how far they could get in pushing it and denying the subsequent vaccine injury? The part about long-lasting immunity in the quote above has obviously proven to have been mistaken, though I'm sure those who wrote the article were sincere in believing that what they wrote was true.
First of all, perhaps you could provide the complete citation so we could see this quote in context? When was it written and by whom? Nevertheless, there are some obvious mistakes in your interpretation.
There is no reason to believe that the acellular pertussis vaccine is safer than the whole cell vaccine, it appears to cause fewer mild reactions but just as many severe ones.
Citation needed. The sources above disagree with your assessment.
Did they really suddenly figure out how to make it safe to give those older than twelve in 2005, or did they just think they'd see how far they could get in pushing it and denying the subsequent vaccine injury?
Yes. The vaccine was reformulated to minimize the reactions and still provide protection. The vaccine would undergo clinical trials for safety where vaccine injury was recorded and reported. This information is in the package insert as it is needed for licensing.
With an improved vaccine that provides long lasting immunity and that can be given to adults, pertussis could eventually be eradicated.
How has this been proven to be mistaken, cia? Researchers are still working on improvements to a pertussis vaccine. Acknowledgements of weaknesses of the current vaccine does not mean that the current vaccine is useless. Vaccinating with an imperfect vaccine is still better than not vaccinating at all.
What a beautiful baby boy…and what a senseless loss of this sweet innocent child. Thanks to Kathy and Jonathan for sharing your story with us.
Maternal vaccination. ACIP recommends that women's health-care personnel implement a Tdap vaccination program for pregnant women who previously have not received Tdap. Health-care personnel should administer Tdap during pregnancy, preferably during the third or late second trimester (after 20 weeks' gestation). If not administered during pregnancy, Tdap should be administered immediately postpartum.
Cocooning. ACIP recommends that adolescents and adults (e.g., parents, siblings, grandparents, child-care providers, and health-care personnel) who have or anticipate having close contact with an infant aged <12 months should receive a single dose of Tdap to protect against pertussis if they have not previously received Tdap. Ideally, these adolescents and adults should receive Tdap at least 2 weeks before beginning close contact with the infant."
The AAP as well, is about to issue a report about "cocooning" of young infants by providing Tdap vaccines to pregnant women, their partners, close household members and caregivers to decrease the chance of newborns and infants under one year of age, getting infected with pertussis.
I worked as a public health nurse and investigated cases/outbreaks of pertussis and I recall the death of a young infant from pertussis. Case surveillance and testing of close household contacts revealed that an adult within the household infected the baby.
Have you guys read about this court case in Italy in March? Judge Lucio Ardigo pronounced that it was beyond question that the MMR vaccine given to an Italian child whose name has not been disclosed on 26 March 2004 caused his autism, the first symptoms appearing the same day as the vaccination. The Health Department was ordered to pay all legal expenses (25,000 euros), and judgment for a monetary payment was made in favor of the child's family, in the Tribunale di Rimini 15 March 2012. I'm sure glad I just said no to the MMR for my daughter, I'm sure her autism (from the hep-B and pertussis vaccines) would be much worse now if I had allowed it.
CIA Parker: Do you read Italian? Perhaps you would like to offer a translation of the decision that you cite from a civil court in Italy.
You will note in the "rough translation" that the judge in Italy used some unsavory studies including the study conducted by Andrew Wakefield…which was retracted by Lancet and, which resulted in Wakefield losing his medical license in the U.K.
I used to think anti vaxxers were just misguided. After reading what Ms. Parker has had the gall to say here, I'm changing my analysis to reprehensible. Just appalled.
So sorry for your loss, this is a wonderful thing for you to do.
That is absolutely harrowing. My sympathies to this poor family.
Why didn't the doctors test Brady sooner to see if his severe cough was pertussis? Why wait until the very end? Did he catch it at the doctor's office? Was high-dose vitamin C used to treat him? It has often been the only effective treatment, as cough suppressants are both dangerous to use for pertussis, as you don't want the mucus to pool in the lungs, but rather to be coughed out. Antibiotics do nothing to help the patient, as the damage from the toxin has already been done, the cilia in the airways broken off, and the illness must run its course. Babies must be held upright through all coughing fits, to help them cough up the mucus. It was certainly a tragic death, but I'm not sure that promoting an often completely ineffective vaccine which only gives, when it works at all, short-lived immunity, reduced by almost 50% every year post-vax, and often causing many dangerous reactions and autoimmune conditions. is the best idea.
Sandra what a delightful person you are.
Typical anti vaxxer, all words, no morals, and definitely no compassion.
Thanks for the timely reminder of the sheer nastiness of your people.
@NK – I do find their tendency to "blame the victim" to be entirely reprehensible.
Car accident; Child did not have protection of seatbelt/baby seat and was flung through windshield and tragically dies as a result.
Sandra: "Why blame the lack of seatbelt for the death? Don't you know seat belts might harm some kids? And that as seat belts age, they sometimes don't work as well as they might? And why didn't the firstaiders administer high dose Vitamin C to the baby at the scene, since other medical interventions don't work?


33. By a majority of 4 to 2, we considered that there was no case for Covanta Rookery South Ltd to answer in respect of the petitions of general objection considered during our hearings from Central Bedfordshire Council and from Bedford Borough Council. We considered that there was no case to answer in respect of the petition of amendment presented by Waste Recycling Group Ltd, WRG Waste Services Ltd and Anti Waste Ltd.
34. We did consider that there was a case to answer in respect of the petitions of amendment presented by Central Bedfordshire Council and by Bedford Borough Council, but in respect only of amendments relating to the proposed Bedford to Milton Keynes Waterway. We are satisfied that the agreement reached privately on those points by the two Councils and Covanta Rookery South Ltd answers that case.
35. We duly report to both Houses the Rookery South (Resource Recovery Facility) Order 2011, without amendment.


text:
Luján Statement on New Mexico Suit Over PFAS Contamination
Congressman Ben Ray Luján (D-N.M.), the U.S. House Assistant Speaker, issued the following statement in response to the New Mexico Environment Department and the New Mexico Office of the Attorney General filing suit against the U.S. Air Force over PFAS contamination at Cannon and Holloman Air Force bases.
"Years of continued pollution near the Cannon and Holloman Air Force Bases have left the surrounding communities suffering from contaminated sources of water and severe economic losses. Today's action by Governor Lujan Grisham and Attorney General Hector Balderas is a much-needed and appropriate step toward ensuring that these communities are made whole and the Air Force is held responsible for its role in exposing our families to PFAS.
"In Curry County, PFAS contamination has gravely impacted our communities. This cannot continue. As a member of the Congressional PFAS Task Force, I am committed to working with my colleagues to enact legislation to address PFAS contamination across the country."


In ANTI—GRAVITY, Chunky Move Artistic Director Anouk van Dijk joins forces with internationally renowned multimedia artist Ho Tzu Nyen to explore the role of clouds as ethereal influences that disturb or heighten human existence.
Using Ho Tzu Nyen's extensive research as a provocation for a dance work, ANTI—GRAVITY confronts gravity-bound bodies with the ephemeral, ever-changing cloud. Performers transform from celestial creatures to terrestrial warriors. As the clouds swell and dissipate, bodies are caught between monolithic stillness and fleeting elevation, becoming the vessels of our own imagination.
Uniting the refined, highly physical choreography of Anouk van Dijk and the meticulous aesthetic of Ho Tzu Nyen, ANTI—GRAVITY is an immersive performance, an evocative world inhabited by six extraordinary dancers in various depths of control and abandon.
A Chunky Move work. Presented by Malthouse Theatre and Chunky Move in association with Asia TOPA: Asia-Pacific Triennial of Performing Arts and Dance Massive.


text:
Q: Obj-C - Dismissing all pushed view controllers causes crash? When my user taps a button, I want to return to the first view controller in my push stack. I've logged the stack, and the following is returned:
[4352:924095] HERE IT IS (
    "<MapViewController: 0x10c014800>",
    "<MUAQuestionViewController: 0x10674b4f0>",
    "<MUAQuestionViewController: 0x10953e730>",
    "<MUAQuestionViewController: 0x10674e4b0>",
    "<MUAQuestionViewController: 0x1067502f0>",
    "<MUAQuestionViewController: 0x10949e5e0>",
    "<MUAQuestionViewController: 0x109549b90>"
)

When my user taps my "Close" button, I simply want them to be returned to MapViewController. That being said, when my user taps Close, the following crash occurs:

* Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInvalidArgumentException', reason: '* -[NSDictionary
  initWithObjects:forKeys:]: count of objects (0) differs from count of
  keys (1)'

Here's my code:
- (IBAction)closeFinal:(id)sender {

    NSArray *array = [self.navigationController viewControllers];

    NSLog(@"HERE IT IS %@", array);

    [self.navigationController popToViewController:[array objectAtIndex:1] animated:YES];

    }

Why is this happening?

A: You should use popToRootViewControllerAnimated: method to close all pushed view controllers

Pops all the view controllers on the stack except the root view
  controller and updates the display.

[self.navigationController popToRootViewControllerAnimated:YES];

A: Don't retain the navigation controller's viewControllers; it is volatile (i.e. it will mutate behind your back). Just fetch out the view controller that you want. Here's a safe version:
UINavigationController* nav = self.navigationController;
if (nil != nav && nav.viewControllers.count > 0) {
    UIViewController* vc = [nav.viewControllers objectAtIndex:0];
    [nav popToViewController:vc animated:YES];
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Orahovica je naseljeno mjesto u gradu Zenici, Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine, BiH.

Povijest

Područje Orahovice naseljeno je još u prapovijesti. Nađeni su arheološki nalazi.

Naseljeno mjesot Orahovica nastalo je 1981. godine spajanjem ukinutih naseljenih mjesta: Babići, Kovačevići, Rajčevići i Spahići.

Stanovništvo

Popisi 1971. – 1991.

Popis 2013.

Izvori

Naselja u Zeničko-dobojskoj županiji
Zenica

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Housing service remains open for business
Housing service open
Richmondshire's housing service remains open for business – but with a few changes in place.
With the key priority being to protect the health and wellbeing of council staff and tenants, face-to-face contact is being avoided as much as possible – and if it must take place precautions are in place.
Key services still available are:
Only urgent and emergency repairs are being undertaken and tenants will be asked about their health before an appointment can be made. The operative will be wearing additional personal protective equipment, and in the case of home visits social distancing rules will be strictly observed.
Sheltered housing wardens and relief wardens continue to provide a service for residents and comings and goings are being kept to an absolute minimum. All properties are being deep cleaned with on-going cleaning focusing on disinfecting regularly used surfaces such as bannisters and door handles. All letting activity related to flats within sheltered housing schemes is on hold in order to minimise entry into the properties.
Rent and service charges
These can still be paid and we are urging payments to be made wherever possible. However, anyone struggling to pay rent should contact the council as soon as possible on 01748 829100.
Vacant properties
Advertising vacant properties, dealing with bids and allocating them to successful bidders will continue – but they will not be signed for as repairs to get empty properties ready for new tenants are not being undertaken.
"Our landlord service team, which looks after our council housing, remains open for business, we are just doing things differently," said Corporate Director, Colin Dales.
"Our key priority is to protect the health and wellbeing of our staff and our tenants by stopping the spread of the virus wherever we can. We have put measures in place to do just that and hope that people will respect our advice as we try to keep everyone safe."


text:
Метод схемных определителей — это символьный метод анализа электрических цепей, в котором для расчёта искомых токов и напряжений используется непосредственно схема замещения цепи с произвольными линейными элементами, минуя составление уравнений равновесия. Метод предназначен для получения оптимальных по сложности символьных выражений схемных функций, откликов, погрешностей преобразования и допусков элементов, а также параметров макромоделей подсхем и параметров неизвестных элементов в линейных электрических цепях.

Формулы выделения параметров
В основе метода схемных определителей лежат формулы Фойснера для выделения параметров двухполюсных элементов, которые могут быть представлены в схемно-алгебраической форме:

В общем случае произвольный параметр может быть выделен с помощью следующего выражения:

где χ є (R, g, K, G, H, B); Δ(χ→∞) — определитель первой производной схемы, полученной из исходной схемы в результате присвоения параметру χ значения, стремящегося к бесконечности (сопротивление удаляется, проводимость заменяется на схеме идеальным проводником (стягивается), управляемые источники заменяются на нуллоры); Δ(χ=0) — определитель второй производной схемы, которая образована в результате нейтрализации выделяемого элемента, то есть принятия χ=0 (сопротивление стягивается, проводимость удаляется, управляемые источники нейтрализуется).
В качестве определителей будем рассматривать символьные определители, то есть аналитические выражения, в которых все параметры схемы представлены символами, а не числами.
Нуллором называют схемную модель идеального усилителя Теллегена, то есть управляемый источник, параметр которого стремится к бесконечности. Нуллор является аномальным управляемым источником, поскольку ток и напряжение норатора (управляемой ветви нуллора) не определены, а ток и напряжение нуллатора (управляющей ветви нуллора) равны нулю.
При замещении управляемого источника его управляемая и управляющая ветвь заменяются на норатор и нуллатор соответственно. При нейтрализации управляемая ветвь напряжения и ветвь управляющего тока стягиваются, а управляемая ветвь тока и ветвь управляющего напряжения удаляются.
Идеальный проводник и разомкнутая ветвь являются частными случаями включения нуллора. Идеальный проводник эквивалентен однонаправленному параллельному соединению норатора и нуллатора, а разомкнутая ветвь — их встречному последовательному соединению. При изменении направления норатора или нуллатора знак определителя схемы, содержащей эти элементы, изменяется на противоположный.
Если конденсаторы задать в операторном виде ёмкостными проводимостями рС, а индуктивности — индуктивными сопротивлениями pL, то результатом разложения символьного определителя схемы по формулам (1)-(3) становится выражение, не содержащее дробей, что делает его простым и удобным в рассмотрении.
Схемные элементы по формуле (3) выделяются рекурсивно до тех пор, пока не будет получена простейшая схема, определитель которой выводится из закона Ома (например, разомкнутые сопротивление или проводимость (рис. 1,а и б), замкнутые на себя сопротивление или проводимость (рис. 1,в и г), два несоединенных узла (рис. 1,д), одиночный узел (рис. 1,е), контур с нуллором (рис. 1,ж), разомкнутая ветвь с норатором и нуллатором (рис. 1,з), контур с УИ (рис. 1,и-м)).

Рис. 1. Простейшие схемы и их определители
К описанному базису простейших схем целесообразно также добавить схемы на рис. 1,н и рис. 1,о, состоящие из двух контуров с ИНУН или ИТУТ соответственно, так как нейтрализация одного из УИ приводит к получению схемы-узла. Аналогичным свойством обладают обобщения этих схем, которые состоят из m контуров с УИ (m>2) и имеют определители Δ=K1 • K2 • … • Km+1 и Δ=B1 • B2 • … • Bm+1 соответственно.

Вырождение схем
В системном определителе (матрице) схемы возможно появление строк, которые состоят из элементов, равных нулю. Соответствующая этому определителю схема называется вырожденной. Таким образом, определитель вырожденной схемы тождественно равен нулю. С физической точки зрения принимается, что вырожденной является схема, в которой развиваются бесконечно большие токи и напряжения или значения токов и напряжений оказываются неопределёнными. Так, внутренние сопротивления управляемой ветви напряжения и ветви управляющего тока равны нулю, поэтому в контуре, содержащем только управляемые ветви напряжения и ветви управляющих токов, создаётся бесконечно большой ток. С другой стороны, внутренние проводимости управляемой ветви тока и ветви управляющего напряжения равны нулю, поэтому на элементах сечения, образованного только управляемыми ветвями тока и ветвями управляющих напряжений, появляются бесконечно большие значения напряжений.
Метод схемных определителей предоставляет возможность устанавливать вырожденность схемы непосредственно по её структуре и составу элементов во избежание излишних выкладок. Ниже приведены условия вырождения схемы и нейтрализации элементов при замыкании и размыкании ветвей (табл. 1) и в контурах и сечениях (табл. 2).

Схемно-алгебраические формулы
Любая схемная функция электрической цепи может рассматриваться как отношение N/D. Числитель N здесь является определителем схемы, в которой независимый источник и ветвь искомого отклика замещаются нуллором, а знаменатель D — определителем схемы с нейтрализованными входом и выходом.
На рис. 2 эти правила проиллюстрированы схемно-алгебраическими формулами для шести известных схемных функций: коэффициента передачи по напряжению (рис. 2,а), передаточного сопротивления (рис. 2,б), передаточной проводимости (рис. 2,в), коэффициента передачи по току (рис. 2,г), входных проводимости (рис. 2,д) и сопротивления (рис. 2,е) соответственно.

Рис. 2. Схемно-алгебраические формулы символьных схемных функций
При наличии в цепи нескольких независимых источников для применения аппарата схемных определителей следует использовать метод наложения.

Правило смены знаков в схемах с НУИ

В схемах, содержащих более одного направленного нуллора, они должны быть пронумерованы таким образом, чтобы нораторы и нуллаторы, относящиеся к одному нуллору, имели одинаковые номера:

При формулировке данного правила ориентация нораторов и нуллаторов не меняется (то есть они направлены вверх).

Приложения метода схемных определителей
Метод схемных определителей используется для решения различных задач теории цепей:
 символьного анализа линейных и нелинейных схем;
 диакоптики;
 диагностики;
 структурного синтеза;
 допускового анализа;
 аналитического решения линейных алгебраических уравнений.

См. также
 Фойснер, Фридрих Вильгельм
 Symbolic Circuit Analysis Diagnostics and Synthesis (SCADS)

Примечания

Электрические цепи
Методы расчёта цепей