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'F*ck You, Nora': How Jayne Houdyshell Conquered Broadway
In 'A Doll's House, Part 2,' Tony Award-winning actress Jayne Houdyshell has originated a catchphrase—the latest distinction in an acting journey that began more than 50 years ago.
Tim Teeman
Senior Editor and Writer
Updated Aug. 21, 2017 12:07AM ET / Published Aug. 21, 2017 1:00AM ET
As she is walking down the street, the Tony Award-winning actress Jayne Houdyshell smiles broadly when people shout at her, "Fuck you, Nora."
It is one of the most memorable lines in Lucas Hnath's play A Doll's House, Part 2, and it is delivered by Houdyshell's character Anne Marie—the taciturn and wry family retainer—to her former mistress Nora Helmer in what is intended as a sequel to Ibsen's classic 1879 play, A Doll's House.
"I can't imagine ever tiring of saying 'Fuck you, Nora' eight times a week," Houdyshell said, laughing. "People say it to me, it's been put on tote bags. It's become a catchphrase."
The modern language, design, and characterization of Hnath's one-act, 90-minute, critically acclaimed play—directed with characteristic ingenuity by Sam Gold—are at playful odds with its 1894 setting and period dress. (Full disclosure: One of its producers is Barry Diller, chairman of IAC, which owns The Daily Beast.)
The play is set 15 years after Ibsen's original, and sees Nora returning to the marital home she found so constraining to finish a last bit of business. She, her estranged husband Torvald, daughter Emmy, and Anne Marie all have their own say about what Nora's bid for independence has meant. It is funny, savage, moving, and everyone's points of views are taken as equal and valid: a multi-focused deconstruction of feminism, marriage, parenting, and freedom unfolds.
Over a bowl of gazpacho at New York theater haunt Joe Allen's, the 63-year-old actress laughed heartily at the line she delivers with such relish. In loose-fitting blue shirt and tousled tumbling hair, she couldn't look more different from the hatchet-faced Anne Marie.
"I never thought in a million years that a simple little line could give me so much pleasure," Houdyshell said. "It never ceases to be deeply pleasurable to say." A huge laugh and applause greets it every time. "People's responses are so spontaneous. I guess I'm saying what they're thinking."
She doesn't toy with saying it differently.
"Never. You can't mess with something that works like that. It makes me very happy to hear that response: It's that moment you feel validated as a character. 'They're on my side.'"
Later, fans at the stage door tell her that they found the play surprising, that it wasn't what they were expecting: after all, a soundtrack of '80s punk ushers them to their seats.
"At the stage door, people say, 'You're so funny,' and 'I'm absolutely in your corner.' Either response is good. I don't think there is any one response to any of the characters."
Houdyshell has performed in nine plays on Broadway, since her first (of four) Tony acting nomination for Lisa Kron's autobiographical play Well in 2006. (Other nominations came for Follies in 2012 and The Humans in 2016, which Houdyshell won the Tony for Best Featured Actress in a Play for, and A Doll's House, Part 2 this year.)
All four members of the Doll's House, Part 2 original cast, including Houdyshell, were nominated for Tonys this year (Laurie Metcalf, who played Nora won Best Actress in a Play), and now a second cast has taken up the roles, with Houdyshell the sole remaining original player.
She had loved watching Metcalf—who found fame as Jackie in Roseanne—in the brilliant and dark nursing home drama-comedy Getting On, and Metcalf had loved Houdyshell in The Humans.
Six months after both women told each other they wanted to work together, the offer came for A Doll's House, Part 2. "Fate. She's such great gal," said Houdyshell. "I'd follow her down stairs to get to the stage every night. Watching the train of her dress, she always looked like praying mantis to me." Houdyshell laughed.
It wasn't difficult to decide to stay in the mix of the play's second cast: Houdyshell didn't have another show to go to, and loves performing this one. In the early 1980s she did summer stock with Julie White, the new Nora, and Stephen McKinley Henderson, the second Torvald.
While her castmates' "energies" are different—White has a "softer edge" to her personality than Metcalf, noted Houdyshell—she feels similarly at ease with them. The difference is that she was there at the beginning, watching the production and characters assume their shape. Now everything is set down.
Anne Marie herself looks like a stern black and white-clad servant from the canvas of an Old Master. Houdyshell carries her greatest tragedy—that she had a child out of wedlock and had to give it up—within the character; and that informs her responses to Nora who gave up being a parent to pursue self-fulfillment, or for self-salvation, or both.
The critical response to A Doll's House, Part 2 and its eight Tony nominations (including for Best Play) left the production team "thrilled in a way that we didn't know what we had," said Houdyshell. Producer Scott Rudin wanted to mount it on Broadway without any performances off Broadway or out of town, after a preliminary reading in his office which Houdyshell attended.
"I purposely don't read reviews," Houdyshell confessed, good or bad. "I used to read when them when I was younger until I had a few painful ones. I thought, 'Why am I subjecting myself to this? It's not helpful. If they're good, one's ego can can blow up in an uncomfortable way. Either way, it can be hampering. I don't find anyone's particular opinion of my work useful unless it's the director, stage manager, or a handful of very trusted friends who know how to say things to me in a helpful, constructive way."
'I sat under a tree and wrote a little manifesto about why I wanted to act'
Houdyshell has performed many plays and musicals in a career that first saw her as an itinerant performer but never the original A Doll's House.
She grew up in Topeka, Kansas, the youngest of four sisters. Her siblings Mary Lou, Ann, and Sue were respectively 15, 10, and 8 years older than her. Houdyshell's real first name is Jaynie. Her parents thought she would be a boy, and when she turned out to be a girl they asked her sisters to name her.
Acting was all Houdyshell ever wanted to do. Her father Buzz had aspirations to be a performer, and as a young man had tried to break into vaudeville in Kansas City.
"But it was 1929," Houdyshell noted, "so when the Stock Market died vaudeville died almost literally overnight. He had a performer's impulse. He was a singer. He had acted in some summer stock companies in the Midwest. I heard him talking about that as a child. I remember him feeling disappointed about it."
The family was musical, and sang old standards like "Down By The Old Mill Stream" around the piano. From 12, Houdyshell played the guitar.
Her sister Ann, then 21, died the same year of Hodgkin's disease, also known as Hodgkin's lymphoma, which was "very hard," Houdyshell said.
Her sister Mary Lou belonged to record clubs, so Houdyshell would hear the scores of Broadway musicals. "I wore the grooves off those records, imagining what all those productions were like," she recalled. She loved singing and performing and became a member of a community theater.
At 14, Houdyshell started in a high school with a huge music and theater department. "I loved the big performative elements of doing musical theater, but the psychological examination of the human condition of plays appealed to me. I really loved doing it all."
When the first play she performed in at 14 closed, she was heartbroken. "I sat under a tree and wrote a little manifesto about why I wanted to act and why it was the best use of myself. I still have it and look at it once in a while. It cuts to the core of why I still love doing it."
In the manifesto, Houdyshell wrote that she "wanted to make people feel something that was meaningful for them. I wanted to evoke feeling. I think I perceived myself to have a lot of deep feelings about things life and didn't always feel free to express them. I was able to find myself on stage. People told me when I moved them.
"There was meaning in sharing another character's feelings with other people, a connectedness I longed for in my own life, and the stage was a really great way to connect with people."
Houdyshell came of age in the late 1960s and early '70s, "a time of much turmoil and activism. For my parents that was all very confusing. To them the world was kind of a threatening place for young people. I chose to go to school away from home in Detroit, which for my parents meant riots."
She studied acting at Oakland University in Rochester, Michigan, and in 1974 fell in love and married fellow actor Steve Shaffer. They set up the Old Creamery Theatre Company in Garrison, Iowa, converting a condemned old stone structure to a mini-arts wonderland. (It still exists in Amana, Iowa.)
New York or Los Angeles never held an appeal for her as a young actor. "Working in regional theater was a highly respected career for actors. There were a lot of beautiful regional theaters across the country in cities large and small. I was intimidated by New York at that point. I didn't feel it was for me. L.A. had no curiosity for me. There was no theater out there, and"—she laughed—"theater actors were snooty about people who did film and TV."
For years, Houdyshell did an enormous range of roles (more than 200 in fact, including three separate productions of The Importance of Being Earnest), not wanting to be pigeonholed. She moved to New York in 1980—setting up home first in a studio apartment in Inwood—but didn't work in the city until 2000.
Her parents lived to see her do a few productions in the Midwest (her two surviving sisters who live in Kansas and Virginia respectively, have watched her ascent with pride).
Houdyshell's mother Lou's ill health prevented her from seeing her daughter in many productions, but she and Houdyshell's father were proud of her, the actress said.
"My father was also very nervous about it because of the instability of the job. He felt a little better when I got married but when my marriage didn't work out and then I moved to New York City for god sakes." She laughed.
"And this for a man who had never been east of Cincinnati. He was very worried. It seemed a big bad world. He didn't know what I was doing or who I was with. Given some of the adventures in my life he was right to worry, but I survived." She laughed again.
"Eventually the itinerant lifestyle wore on me emotionally," Houdyshell said. "It felt like I was forever saying goodbye to people. I was tired of going into a place and bonding, and then having to go through continual farewells. I felt bereft a lot of the time. I felt really untethered. It was no longer something I was willing to do." She wanted to originate roles too, not just play familiar, already well-known ones.
'I can honestly say working on Broadway was never a goal'
Houdyshell's first years professionally based in New York (from 2000) were tough, as she tried to find her acting perch. The four-year process of working on Well provided her not only with great material, and a meaty original part she so wanted, but a route (it played off Broadway, then San Francisco and then Broadway) to meeting other actors and producers she wanted to work with.
"I can honestly say working on Broadway was never a goal. I thought, if it happens it would be nice, and if it doesn't I'll be OK."
She laughed. "Broadway wasn't the brass ring for me, but we went to Broadway. It was relatively short, six weeks, but I really liked it. I loved the building, the ratty dressing rooms, the people on staff. There was a toughness about the professionals I was working with that I really appreciated."
There have been Drama Desk, Obie, and other prestigious acting award nominations and wins (Houdyshell's first Obie was for Well). Receiving her Tony nominations, regardless of winning, felt like "winning the Lotto." The rest of the process feels "chance-y," and not something she particularly enjoys.
The first time Houdyshell was Tony-nominated for Well, she did not want to win—she insists this emphatically—because "getting up in front of people speaking as myself terrified me to the point of paralysis. Because I was so new to the Broadway community and scene then I didn't feel I belonged.
"I was very excited and flabbergasted by the nomination. But I can't tell you the depth of relief when Frances de la Tour's name was called (for The History Boys). I was so happy she won. I thought, "It's good to get to be here, but I don't have to get up there.'"
Her second Tony nomination for Follies she didn't see coming at all, the nomination was "icing on the cake" for having the "very small role" of Hattie Walker delivering the show-stopping "Broadway Baby."
Houdyshell was immensely proud to win the featured actress Tony for playing the much put-upon matriarch Deirdre Blake in The Humans, as the play had been so intensely enveloping to perform. "After the show people would come up to me really crying about how they had treated their moms. People got so rattled because it said something universal about family, and addressed anxieties living in our society right now so beautifully."
Then there is her most recent best featured actress nomination for A Doll's House, Part 2. "More icing on the cake," Houdyshell said. "The play is the reward. Being able to say 'Fuck you, Nora' is reward enough."
Houdyshell's marriage to Shaffer ended in 1980, and she has been single ever since. "Initially after I divorced I thought I needed to find somebody else to get married to. But I was entrenched in an itinerant lifestyle, and it was very hard to have relationships. I would battle with it from time to time. At this point in my life, it would nice not to be alone all the time."
She has had short-term relationships over the years, and has not been "devoid of love or interest or romance, but at some point I realized I valued the autonomy and freedom I felt in a single lifestyle more than the fantasy of being with someone. So I gave up the fantasy and got on with the business of doing what I liked. Anybody who lives the single life goes through the same thing. If something comes along, great, if not I'll be fine. I've been fine a very long time."
Had Houdyshell ever wanted to have children? "I thought I did. Certainly by the time I was 40 I realized it was very good that I hadn't. I am so career-centric. You never know until you have a child, but I can't imagine making space for a child in my life. I feel that I live a very deeply selfish life in many ways, and I like it. I don't bother taking responsibility for anyone apart from myself or my cats." (One of these felines, Roo, as in A.A. Milne's character from Winnie-the-Pooh, is Houdyshell's screen image on her cellphone.)
'If I have any fame it's right-sized, it's just enough'
Houdyshell said it would be "weird" for herself to apply the word "fame" to herself because she doesn't feel that she possesses it, at least as it conventionally understood. Becoming as well-known, awarded, and respected as she has means she and her agents can pick and choose roles, although she still auditions for roles too.
"Being known and recognized has been fun," she said. "If I have any fame it's right-sized, it's just enough. I welcome it. It surprises me. It feels nice because the people are friendly. I've never been in this industry for celebrity or fame. The obsession with celebrity is just off the charts, and so unhealthy in so many ways."
Houdyshell will not say what she will be doing next, though "a huge Anglophile," she said, "What I want to do more than anything before I die is to work in London."
When I suggest "lead actress," rather than featured, might be a good new category to occupy, Houdyshell laughed. "That would be great. From your mouth to God's ears. If you could just write that in black and white for me, Tim. I have no problem with that idea."
She does have dream, as-yet-undone, roles. Until Sally Field played her in Gold's controversial production of Tennessee Williams' The Glass Menagerie (which this critic very much enjoyed; others did not), Houdyshell wanted to play matriarch Amanda Wingfield. "But the day after I saw Sally do what she did in that production, I said to Sam, 'Damn you, now I have to cross that off from my list.' It was just so of this time, and of this moment."
At 14, a friend gave her the script of Brecht's Mother Courage. "I remember reading and not understanding a word of it, but I was fascinated with it. It's a hard play to do successfully, not many theaters are willing to take it on. I'm fascinated by it still."
Aging is "the best thing I could possibly do," said Houdyshell. She said she had always played older than herself ever since she was a child. Never having been "a leading lady in the traditional sense of that word," there have been a lot of roles for her as she gets older.
"The only sexism I have experienced was always being aware that there are far more roles for men than women. But now, at least in the theater, there are more doors opening for women, as female playwrights come into their own, and more female directors also lead to more roles for women."
She's noticed that her playing one kind of character leads to a number of offers for similar roles, which she "nips in the bud, I need to do something different."
Her priorities have changed as she has gotten older, Houdyshell said. "I like making money at this point. For many years I was OK with not making money and working for next to nothing, robbing Peter to pay Paul to pay the bills. That is no longer acceptable to me as I get older. I really value financial security. That dictates my choices for me."
Houdyshell has just filmed Downton Abbey creator Julian Fellows' latest project, The Chaperone, adapted from Laura Moriarty's best-selling novel.
PBS and Masterpiece's first feature film, directed by Michael Engler, it stars Elizabeth McGovern (Cora from Downton) as the chaperone who accompanies a 17-year-old Louise Brooks (played by the wonderful Julia Goldani Telles of The Affair fame) to New York. Houdyshell plays a mother superior—another severe black and white uniform to follow Anne Marie's in A Doll's House, Part 2.
Despite this role (and past appearances in shows including Law & Order and Third Watch) Houdyshell is still mostly resistant to TV and film. "I still love theater in the same way as I did when I was 14. Humanity fascinates me, human nature fascinates me. I never get tired of stepping into someone else's shoes and figuring out what makes them tick. That responsibility to connect with the audience still stimulates me."
The era of Trump means theater has a political responsibility too, Houdyshell added. "It feels so to me, and everyone I talk to in the business feels like that. The theater has been known for this since the Greeks. It's a magnificent, civilizing power we have. God knows we need civility as much as possible these days. It's eroding in so many other aspects of our lives, and theater is about acknowledging our humanity and our fears."
'The parolees rehabilitate the pit bulls and the pit bulls rehabilitate the parolees. It's a beautiful synergy'
Houdyshell does not take her roles home with her, which might seem surprising to all those crying and congratulatory fans at the stage door. "But that's my job," she said smiling at how immersed she appears in her roles. "I've never had issues with the separation between my own life and the one I live on stage."
She is content, "communing" with her two cats in the ground floor apartment of a brownstone in Harlem where she has lived since 2007.
To unwind, Houdyshell watches "a lot of junky TV," including HGTV shows like Stone House Revival. Her favorite show is Animal Planet's Pit Bulls & Parolees.
"Oh my god Tim, it's a brilliant show. If yo}ure an animal lover you have to see this show. Tia Torres and her biker chick daughters run a rescue for pit bulls and to rehabilitate them they hire parolees just out of jail. The parolees rehabilitate the pit bulls and the pit bulls rehabilitate the parolees. It's a beautiful synergy watching this happen. It's a win, win, win in every sense, and it's where I find my heart and hope in this world."
Before she headed off to the theater for that night's performance, I asked what Houdyshell made of Nora's last line in Hnath's play, forecasting why the situation for women will change; she just hopes she lives to see it.
Like me, Houdyshell sees that as a darkly posed rhetorical question, given the continued struggle for gender equality. "But that doesn't make me want to quit," said Houdyshell. "In fact the opposite is true." And, she added, just as A Doll's House, Part 2 shows, "What better alternative is there to explore courage than exploring our willingness to give up?"
A Doll's House, Part 2 is at the Golden Theatre, 252 West 45th St., NYC. Book tickets, till Jan. 7, here.


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Buddy Guy, The Blues Is Alive And Well
George "Buddy" Guy is an American blues guitarist and singer. He is an exponent of the robust Chicago blues scene and has influenced eminent guitarists including Eric Clapton, Jimi Hendrix, Jimmy Page, Keith Richards, Stevie Ray Vaughan, Jeff Beck and John Mayer. In the 1960s, Guy played with Muddy Waters as a house guitarist at Chess Records and began a musical partnership with the harmonica player Junior Wells. Guy was ranked 23rd in Rolling Stone magazine's "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time." His song "Stone Crazy" was ranked 78th in the Rolling Stone list of the "100 Greatest Guitar Songs of All Time." Clapton once described him as "the best guitar player alive."
Guy was born and raised in Lettsworth, Louisiana. He began learning to play the guitar using a two-string diddley bow he made. Later, he was given a Harmony acoustic guitar, which, decades later in Guy's lengthy career, was donated to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Guy's discography is a vast documentation of his vivid career ranging from 1967, I Left My Blues in San Francisco to his most recent recording, and recent Grammy win for The Blues Is Alive and Well.
"A Few Good Years," was co-penned by drummer and producer Tom Hambridge and Richard Fleming. Guy sings the lyrics with beautiful reverence. His voice is stunning and at 81 years old the lyrics have stinging truth about them. Guy sings and wails with blazing depth, his words drip with honesty and he instantly binds the listener to the lyrics. His guitar playing is filled with soulful colorizations that add to the emotional depth. Keyboardist, Kevin McKendree supports Guy with well-placed commentary under his vocals, while bassist Willie Weeks and drummer Hambridge lock tightly for loping and magical blues ballad.
"Ooh Daddy," also co-written by Hambridge and Fleming is a barnburner, Guy is on fire and he brings the heat. An elongated note after the first form sets the tone that Guy means business. The tune cooks and percolates, you cannot help but feel your body move. The tune builds and ends with a good old-fashioned punctuated ending. While "End of the Line," sits in the middle lane with a mid-tempo feel with supporting horn lines that add a recalcitrant vibe to the tune. Guy lays it out "I won't behave." Damn good thing, his guitar playing is smoking hot on this one and he serves it up with blues attitude.
The Blues Is Alive and Well is everything avid Guy fans will adore. At 81 years old this bluesman is not showing any signs of slowing down. The album is filled with Guy's trademark, searing electric guitar solos that pack enough punch to rattle the rooftops. It is easy to see why Guy's guitar heroics are celebrated by many avid guitar fans beyond the blues. His voice remains buoyant and supple as he navigates each tune with mastery. Its easy to see why this one won a Grammy.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


A week and a half off to spend time with Suzy has left me feeling disconnected from the road. Today I will ride. I will likely get rained but that is ok. A cleanse. A day of redemption. A time to hunker down and reflect on my latest insights. A time to forgive. A time to heal. Having spent so many years in search of my emotional self, knowing how there is triumph through pain and suffering, on and off the bike, looking inwards — I've found it. Off I go.


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FIS Junior World Championships
Swiss Gold for U-23 Men and Women
Fri, Mar 16, 2007 - By FIS
Silvana Bucher won gold in the U-23 ladies' 10 km race in the free technique and Dario Cologna in the men's 15 km race.
Burke 27th in World Cup Sprint Final; US Men 10th in Nations Cup
Fri, Mar 16, 2007 - By US Biathlon Association
Khanty Mansiysk, Russia, March 15. Tim Burke, with two penalties, finished 27th in this evening's World Cup Sprint Final, leading the US men to 10th place in the Nations Cup for the first time ever.
On the Road with the US Nordic Team
Thu, Mar 15, 2007 - By Aaron Saari
The nordic teams are in Lahti, Finland right now and we're heading to Oslo, Norway today, closing up the season in the next couple of weeks.
Newell 12th in Drammen Classic Sprint
Thu, Mar 15, 2007 - By US Ski Team
Andy Newell finished 12th Wednesday in the annual classic technique sprint World Cup race through Drammen, a village about 25 miles west of Oslo. Torin Koos was 15th.
FIS Junior World Ski Championships
Gold times two for Finland, once for Sweden
Thu, Mar 15, 2007 - By FIS
Wednesday was a Nordic day in Tarvisio: while Finland took gold in both the men's 10km race in the free technique and in the Nordic Combined Gundersen event, Sweden claimed gold in the ladies' 5km race. The US's Elizabeth Stephen takes 7th.
US Men in Russia for Biathlon World Cup Final
Wed, Mar 14, 2007 - By US Biathlon Team
Khanty Mansiysk, Russia, March 14. Tim Burke heads a contingent of four US biathletes who will compete in the World Cup Final starting here on Thursday.
Michigan Cup 2007
Michigan Cup Standings Through Final individual Races
Wed, Mar 14, 2007 - By Ken Dawson
Here's the preliminary results for all Michigan Cup individual races and team standings before the Michigan Cup Relays.
Where to Run in St. Thomas USVI
Wed, Mar 14, 2007 - By Mike Muha
So what's a Nordic Ski Racer to do when he's on vacation on St. Thomas in the US Virgin Islands in the middle of ski racing season? Why train of course!
Why We Race with Vauhti Waxes
Wed, Mar 14, 2007 - By Rick Weier
When we returned from our trip we knew it was time to make some sense out of our wax box. If we were going to drive or fly all over the countryside to attend ski races, it just made sense to make an effort to have the right wax when we got there.
First U-23 Medal Won by a U.S. Women
Tue, Mar 13, 2007 - By US Ski Team
Valaas' medal is the first won by an American woman. Valaas joined the new CXC team from the Central Division this winter and has teamed with Caitlin Compton to dominate the domestic racing.
Laura Valaas Takes 2nd in U23 Worlds Sprint
Tue, Mar 13, 2007 - By Mondiali Juniores & FIS
In the ladies' race, staged in the classical technique, the victory went to Alena Prochazkova of Slovakia. The 22-year-old Slovak was followed by Laura Valaas (USA) and Piret Pormeister of Estonia.
Results from the 2007 Boyne Highlands Freestyle 10K
Tue, Mar 13, 2007 - By John Goble
Team NordicSkiRacer's Hugh Pritchard wins his second race of the weekend while Strait Strider Jean VanDam was top women at the Boyne Highlands 10K Freestyle.


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Show Related Q&As Business Management Majors: Salary and Career Facts Masters in Business Management: Career and Salary Facts Master's Certificate Programs in Business Management Online Associate Degree in Business Management
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Where Can I Earn a Business Management Degree in Honolulu, Hawaii?
Learn about schools in Honolulu, Hawaii that offer business management degrees. Get information about degree options, program requirements and courses to make an informed decision about your education. Schools offering Business Management degrees can also be found in these popular choices.
Do you want to find out more about degree options in business management in the Honolulu area? Read here to learn about graduate and undergraduate degree programs, coursework and tuition costs for schools in the area.
Students interested in earning a business management degree near Honolulu may complete a bachelor's, master's, or doctoral degree program. Schools offering such programs near Honolulu include four-year, public and private institutions. Bachelor's and doctorate degrees in business administration and management usually take about four years to complete; a master's degree in the field may be earned following 18-21 months of schooling, depending on the program. Graduate degrees, including a doctorate, are open only to students possessing a bachelor's degree.
Bachelor's Degrees in Business Management in Honolulu, Hawaii
Chaminade University of Honolulu
As a business administration major at Chaminade University, you'll take 12 courses worth 36 credits that teach you about management, business strategy, finance and marketing. The management program is only offered through the school's Adult Evening and Online Programs format. For this major, Chaminade requires the completion of 11 core classes worth 33 credits that involve organizational design, negotiations and legal issues. Both of these programs have pre-major coursework requirements that you will complete during the first two years of your program.
Program Name: Bachelor of Arts in Business Administration, Bachelor of Arts in Management
Program Length: 4 years, full time
Tuition and Fees: $21,780 per year (2015-2016)
School Type: 4-year, private, not-for-profit; approximately 2,100 undergraduates and 700 graduate students
Hawaii Pacific University
Hawaii Pacific University offers many concentrations within its business administration major, including management. To earn this degree, you will need to complete 124 semester credits. You will complete a pre-major curriculum that includes topics in accounting, statistics and economics. Your core classes in the management concentration will include courses in business law, business finance and managerial economics.
Program Name: Bachelor of Science in Business Administration
Specializations: Accounting, business economics, computer information systems, entrepreneurial studies, finance, general business, human resource management, international business, management, marketing, public administration, travel industry management
School Type: 4-year, private, not-for-profit; around 4,800 undergraduate and 900 graduate students
As a management major within the Bachelor of Business Administration program, you'll need to earn 120 credits to graduate. Your core business classes will cover marketing, finance, legal issues and global business. By taking five management courses, you'll gain an understanding of how to develop business plans, promote efficiency in the workplace and properly assess businesses. A business minor is also available.
Program Name: Bachelor of Business Administration
Specializations: Accounting, entrepreneurship, finance, human resource management, international business, management, management information systems, marketing
Tuition and Fees: $11,164 per year for in-state students, $31,216 per year for out-of-state students (2015-2016)
School Type: 4-year, public; approximately 14,100 undergraduate and 5,300 graduate students
Master's Degrees in Business Management in Honolulu, Hawaii
Chaminade University's Master of Business Administration (MBA) program offers three concentration areas, as well as online and evening programs. The eight core courses will teach you about economics, finance management, human resource management and leadership. If you choose a concentration, you'll be required to complete specific electives. If you opt for the traditional MBA program, you will be able to choose electives from a range of topics.
Program Name: Master of Business Administration
Program Length: 18-21 months, full time
Tuition: $17,640 per year (2015-2016)
Prerequisite: Bachelor's degree
Admissions Requirements: Transcripts, resume, personal statement, interview (in some cases), 3.0 GPA and at least three years of professional experience preferred
School Type: 4-year, private, not-for-profit; approximately 700 graduate and 2,000 undergraduate students
The 48-credit MBA program will build on your professional business experience and teach you management and leadership skills to function in the global business society. You'll learn about accounting, finance, ethics and management. This program also includes a three-month summer internship. Other amenities offered include professional development courses and a business plan competition.
Program Length: 21 months, full time
Tuition: $15,072 per year for in-state students, $35,160 for out-of-state students (2015-2016)
Admissions Requirements: Minimum 3.0 GPA, GMAT scores, two years of work experience
School Type: 4-year, public; approximately 5,400 graduate and 14,120 undergraduate students
Doctorate Degree in Business Management in Honolulu, Hawaii
The Ph.D. program at the University of Hawaii at Manoa offers five concentration areas that require you to take up to four theory classes. You will complete these theory courses in your first two years before advancing to work on your dissertation. Additionally, you'll take research classes that focus on statistics and economics. Teaching opportunities are available if you're interested in an academic career.
Program Name: Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in International Management
Areas of Concentration: International accounting, Asian finance, global information technology management, international marketing, international organization and strategy
Program Length: Four years, full time
Admissions Requirement: GRE/GMAT scores, resume, statement of purpose, three recommendation letters
In Honolulu, business management bachelor's degrees can be found at Chaminade University, Hawaii Pacific University and the University of Hawaii at Manoa; where Chaminade also offers a master's degree, and the University of Hawaii at Manoa offers a master's degree and a doctorate in the field.
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Ashford University
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Herzing University
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text:
The Kyoto Protocol: The Undermining of American Prosperity--the ..., Volume 4
By United States, United States Government Printing Office, United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business
THE KYOTO PROTOCOL: THE UNDERMINING OF AMERICAN PROSPERITY-THE SCIENCE
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,
COMMITTEE ON SMALL BUSINESS,
Washington, DC. The Committee met, pursuant to notice, at 10:35 a.m., in room 2360, Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. Jim Talent (Chairman of the Committee) presiding.
Chairman TALENT. I call the Committee to order.
Today the Committee on Small Business will be holding its third hearing on the impact of the Kyoto Protocol, in which the United States agreed to reduce its production of greenhouse gases to below 1990 levels. Our previous hearings established that this is equivalent to raising the cost of energy to the American economy by 30 to 50 percent.
For Americans, this would mean: Gasoline prices would increase by as much as 65 cents per gallon; natural gas prices for industry would increase by 90 percent; the gross domestic product would decline by 242 percent. The proponents of the Kyoto Protocol justify this effect on the American economy by the need to prevent what they describe as a catastrophic warming of the Earth's temperature.
I called this hearing with scientific witnesses to determine whether and to what extent the Earth is actually warming. My research into this subject suggests that the catastrophic global warming predictions of the Kyoto Protocol are based primarily on the pretense of a consensus within the scientific community, when in fact no such consensus exists; highly selective and misleading use of data; and failure to confront the body of evidence suggesting that the Earth's warming trend is natural and beneficial.
We have a number of distinguished scientists here today, several of whom will attempt to disabuse me of these views. The Committee is grateful for the time of these witnesses. I am especially grateful that several of the witnesses postponed important personal trips to be here today, and I am also grateful to all the witnesses for understanding why, in our grief over the death of Officers Chestnut and Gibson, the ranking member and I decided to postpone this hearing for several days.
I want to introduce the witnesses later. But right now I want to recognize our ranking member, the distinguished gentlelady from New York, Ms. Velazquez, for whatever opening comments she may wish to make. Ms. VELAZQUEZ. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
Today's hearing is another in a series that the Committee has held to examine the effects of global warming. Last month we examined the Kyoto Protocol and its effect on small business. Today we turn our attention to the signs of global warming.
While there may be question over how and in what way global warming exists, the effects of greenhouse gases on our environment are now becoming more and more evident. In the last century the Earth's temperature rose by 1 degree Fahrenheit. In fact, recent data not only shows that this is the warmest century on record, but also that the 1990's are shaping up to be the warmest decade ever.
The forecast is not any better. Scientists estimate that over the next century temperatures will continue to rise another 1.8 to 6 degrees. We already are witnessing severe weather patterns occurring with greater frequency. The resulting damage to our ecosystem has drastically escalated. Shifts in our agricultural growth conditions are beginning to rob regions of their ability to produce food.
The threat to human health has also increased. There is a reduction in the availability of fresh water. We have also seen an increase in the range and instances of disease. Estimates show that by the year 2100 we may see $50 to $80 million more cases of malaria alone.
Today's hearing on the science behind Kyoto will hopefully shed some light on how global warming will affect regional weather patterns and the rate of climate change. Furthermore, I hope we will hear what effect higher temperatures will have on health, the ecosystem, and socioeconomic conditions. Today's hearing should also provide some insight into possible solutions to address these problems.
Let me close by once again thanking the Chairman, Mr. Talent.
Chairman TALENT. I appreciate the comments of the gentlelady.
I will introduce each witness as he testifies. The first witness today is Dr. Robert T. Watson, who is the Chairman of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. He resides in Washington, DC.
Dr. Watson, I want to thank you for being here today, and especially for postponing a trip that you had planned in order to attend. It was very kind of you. Please proceed with your testimony.
STATEMENT OF ROBERT T. WATSON, CHAIRMAN, INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE Mr. WATSON. Thank you. Mr. Chairman, Members of the Committee, it is a pleasure to be here today to discuss what is really a very important issue for both this and future generations. I am testifying in my capacity as the new Chair of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
Despite what you will hear from several members of this particular panel, there is in my opinion no doubt that the overwhelming majority of scientific experts, while recognizing that scientific uncertainties do exist, still believe that human-induced climate change is inevitable. There are a number of questions, however: What will be the rate of climate change, the magnitude of climate change, and where specifically will climate change occur?
The large majority of scientists also believe that, on balance, there will be a number of adverse effects: human health, heatstress mortality and increase in vector-borne diseases such as malaria; changes in ecological systems, particularly forested systems and coral reefs; and, indeed, changes in socioeconomic sectors such as agriculture, forestry, fisheries, water resources, and human settlements.
What I will testify today is not my own work but indeed the careful work of thousands of experts: climatologists, modelers, oceanographers, meteorologists, chemists, biologists, technologists, economists, and social scientists. These experts come from universities, government laboratories, the private sector, and from industry.
What decisionmakers should take into account is that the atmospheric residence time of carbon dioxide is extremely long, more than a century; and hence, if indeed policy formulation waits until all scientific uncertainties are resolved, and if indeed greenhouse gases are responsible for changing the Earth's climate, as projected by all climate models, the time to reverse that damage would actually be centuries to millennia.
I have a Figure 1 which actually shows that if you doubled atmospheric CO2 over the next 70 years in the atmosphere and then kept it absolutely level for the next 1,000 years, sea level would continue to increase almost monotonically for the next 600 years and a long time thereafter.
So a key question for policymakers is, what level of information do you need to make policy? A decision to act or not to act will indeed have profound implications.
Simply stated, however, greenhouse gases have increased in the atmosphere due to human activities. There is no doubt that carbon dioxide has increased by nearly 30 percent since the preindustrial era, the mid 1880's; and indeed this is due largely to changes in land use, deforestation, and due to the use of fossil fuels, coal, oil,
and gas.
The Earth's atmosphere has indeed warmed over the last 100 years about half a degree centigrade, slightly more on land, slightly less in the oceans. The 1980's and the 1990's are shaping up to be the two hottest decades of the last 600 years. Precipitation changes are occurring. Tom Karl's work at NOAA has shown there were changes in both the spatial patterns and the temporal patterns of precipitation, with more precipitation falling in heavy precipitation events.
The theoretical models, when we try to compare them to the observations, are in fairly good agreement between theory and observation in spite of what you will hear from several other witnesses. If you take into account all the changes occurring, that is to say, changes in greenhouse gases and aerosols, there is indeed reasonable agreement in the Max Planck model, the U.S. Met Office model, and the GFLD model in Princeton, there is reasonable agreement between theory and observations.
If we take into account what is likely to occur over the next 100 years due to economic growth, population growth, one will expect a significant increase in the emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide. This is projected to lead to a temperature increase of somewhere between 1 and 342 degrees centigrade by the year 2100.
Indeed, that is a very wide range. As Pat Michaels points out quite correctly, there are a significant number of uncertainties. That is why we do not take a single point. That is why we take a range.
The question is, why should we care? I have already alluded to it. Not only will there be changes in temperature but changes in precipitation patterns and sea level. We project that sea level will also increase by between 15 and 95 centimeters by the year 2100.
What are the implications? As I have already said, there will be implications for natural ecological systems, especially forests and coral reefs, as a sustained temperature increase in the ocean will clearly have adverse effects on the viability of many coral reefs around the world. Forested systems will also be threatened, even after you take into account the positive effects of carbon dioxide fertilization. We go into some detail of this in the IPCC report.
With respect to food, we believe that globally there may not be any adverse effects of climate change on global food production, but a significant decrease in the tropics and subtropics where people are already hungry today, and an increase actually in production in the high northern latitudes of the USA, Canada, and Siberia. This takes into account the positive CO2 effect. If we did not take the positive CO2 effect into account, we would actually project a decrease in productivity globally. So we do take into account what is mentioned by some of the other witnesses, the so-called beneficial effects of carbon dioxide.
We have to recognize that more than a billion people across the world today do not have adequate supplies of fresh water. Nineteen countries today are water scarce or water stressed, many of them in Africa and the Middle East. Most of the projections would suggest that these arid and semiarid areas will become even more arid and semiarid in the future under the climate change scenarios that we project.
Sea level is projected to increase, as I stated earlier, 15 to 95 centimeters. This could lead to a significant loss of land in lowland deltaic areas in Egypt, Bangladesh, and China, with tens of millions of people being displaced if we do not build seawalls. Countries such as Bangladesh do not have the financial or institutional infrastructure to take care of their defense against sea level rise. In addition, many small island states will be completely threatened.
The issues on human health are indeed vexing in diseases such as malaria. There are currently 200 million cases of malaria per year. Two million people die per year from malaria, primarily in the tropics. There would be a projected increase in the incidence of malaria, once again primarily in places where there are not good health care facilities. This is not a major threat to the United States, but it is a threat to places such as Africa.
What are the social costs of inaction? There is a range from the IPCC of 1 to 242 percent of gross domestic product across the world, with a number of 5 to 9 percent for developing countries. These numbers are very, very soft and very squishy. But the key point is there is a cost of inaction. Unfortunately, developing coun


We are committed to providing timely, relevant, and interesting research on marketing and strategic management through an open online submission and open access process. Please feel free to browse our site and register as a reader or author first. If you wish to upload a manuscript please go ahead. Those papers which were accepted at the Academy of Management Annual Conference and American Marketing Association Winter and Summer Educators' conferences are wellcome. Please provide the acceptance letters together with your manuscripts.Editorial Board has the final decison.
ANNOUNCEMENT FROM THE EDITOR-IN-CHIEF/ Now, we are a registered member of The Publishers International Linking Association, Inc. We will start to give a digital object identifier (DOI) to each article starting for the 2017 issue. This will serve as an actionable identifier for intellectual property online as well as the increase the citations of published articles.


text:
Q: How to send a file using PHPMailer I just went through this answer, as how to send a file in PHP using PHPMailer. I have the following HTML code:
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              <input type="file" name="files" id="filer_input" multiple="multiple">
              <input type="submit" value="Submit">
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PHP code as below:
require_once('class.phpmailer.php');

$email = new PHPMailer();
$email->From      = 'gautam@webmunky.com';
$email->FromName  = 'Your Name';
$email->Subject   = 'Message Subject';
$email->AddAddress( 'gautam@webmunky.com' );

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I believe I am making a mistake in the below two lines of code:
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but I am not sure. How can I send my file using the above PHP code?

A: Pretty sure this is a syntax error
<?php
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This is an HTML comment, when you want a PHP comment.
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Or even
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Can digital signage improve your environmental footprint?
Benefits of digital signage don't only include improved efficiency and brand recognition. Compared to print-based advertising, digital signage is much more environmentally friendly. The environmental impact of large corporations has become a big issue among world leaders in recent years, by opting for eco-friendly processes, your business can help save the earth, while simultaneously keeping money in your pocket.
To start with you need to consider your signages production and implementation impact. Print methods immediately raise environmental concerns due to the number of trees that need to be cut, transported to mills, processed and made into paper. Additionally, the transportation logistics to each individual signage location will be greatly contributing to your carbon footprint.
Secondly, anything that reduces your post production footprint is obviously a huge plus. Poster communication has a very short shelf life and the waste generated from monthly multi-location print campaigns, has much more substantial implications than setting up a digital signage network. Digital signage messaging can be updated easily, eliminating the need to print new signs over and over as messaging necessities change. Posters on the other hand end up in a landfills only a few weeks after circulation (or even shorter if a printing mistake is spotted!). That's one serious waste of paper.
According to the Environmental Protection Agency, 246 million tons of trash were created in the U.S. in 2008.
The consideration is not just for the paper but also for the chemicals, inks, solvents and adhesives, all of which are necessary for the remainder of the printing process. Greenhouse gas emissions are ever increasing, fueled by incineration, methane gas released from landfill decomposition and the transportation logistics of paper products throughout the paper signage cycle.
Case Study: A Fast Food chain with 500 outlets is using posters to display their promotions in each outlet. A call comes in from head office, saying "We're adding new seasonal items to the menu and our posters need changing." That's a lot of paper to dispose of and a whole lot more being used to replace them. Consider how often this scenario occurs? It could be every month or even every week. Regardless the frequency, can you envision the huge amount of paper used in a year simply by replacing posters on a weekly or monthly basis? Based on this example alone, digital signage holds the upper hand in the eco-friendly stakes by instantly eliminating paper wastage, reducing CO2 transport emissions, and the prevention of increasing numbers of paper, plastic, ink, chemicals, and paint going into landfills.
But doesn't digital signage use lots of energy? Obviously digital signage consumes energy, which contributes to your business's carbon footprint, but it's far less than the environmental impact of print. There are also several things you can do to conserve energy and help the environment. Technological advancements have seen energy efficient LED screens introduced to the market as an eco-friendly alternative LCD. These screens use less electricity and tend to have a longer lifespan, meaning they avoid the landfill for considerably longer. Many screens today also have automatic brightness control, which means they adjust their brightness to coincide with the level of ambient light around them, which conserves energy and keeps the screen working longer. Another way to reduce unnecessary energy usage is to opt not to go with touch screen solutions, as these require significantly more energy to process the touch sensitive information.
Even though digital signs consume energy, they are by far a greener option than printed signs. So despite incurring a large expense upfront, their eco-friendly benefits give you a quick return on your investment and put a big tick next to you Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSR)!


SUMMARY: This position works in close partnership with the Director of AEST to accomplish the goals of Agriculture Education Services and Technology, Inc. (AEST) and other agriculture education initiatives. This position will be responsible for assisting with all activities to promote AEST certifications and develop curriculum, training items and reference materials to support certifications. This position is also responsible for coordinating with the webmaster to maintain the AEST websites. This position serves as the primary management contact for industry partners as it relates to the Hire.Ag job board. Excellent organizational, communication and project management skills are essential, as are critical thinking and effective team working skills.
Assist with the daily operations of AEST and the testing platform including, but not limited to, user account maintenance, technical support and fielding program questions.
Proctor certification exams to various audiences as needed.
Create and deliver press releases, media relations content, success stories, newsletter content, social media content and speeches.
Promote and market AEST certifications to various audiences. This requires a strong understanding of AEST certification exams and includes developing creative and appropriate promotional materials, participating in industry trade shows and meetings, and establishing effective industry partnerships.
Develop sound and engaging curriculum, training items and reference materials. Experience writing and editing the work of others is preferred.
Coordinate with webmaster to maintain AEST websites—Certify.Ag, Verify.Ag and Hire.Ag.
Attend meetings and/or make presentations to various audiences. This includes developing audience appropriate engaging presentation materials. Excellent presentation, facilitation and listening skills are necessary.
Assist in identifying opportunities pertaining to endorsements, certification areas and grants.
Develop, manage and execute Hire.Ag marketing activities in an effort to build the program and drive industry participation.
Provide input for planning to increase brand awareness using excellent analytical, critical thinking and decision-making skills.
QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS: To perform this job successfully an individual must be able to perform each essential duty satisfactorily. The requirements listed are representative of the knowledge, skill and/or ability required. Reasonable accommodations may be made to enable individuals with disabilities to perform essential functions.
COMPUTER SKILLS: Advanced knowledge of computers to include Microsoft Word, Outlook, PowerPoint, Publisher and Internet usage are required. Preferred candidate will possess graphic design skills and have a working knowledge of Word Press, Adobe Photoshop and Adobe Illustrator.
EDUCATION AND/OR EXPERIENCE: Bachelors' degree from a four-year college or university with 1 to 3 years related experience or equivalent combination of education and experience. An agricultural education or agricultural communications background is preferred.
LANGUAGE SKILLS: Ability to read, analyze and interpret general business periodicals, professional journals, technical procedures or government regulations. Ability to effectively write reports, business correspondences and procedure manuals. Ability to effectively present information and respond to questions from groups of managers, clients, customers and the general public. Will provide a two page-writing sample and a self-created promotional flyer.
REASONING SKILLS: Ability to solve practical problem situations where only limited information exists. Ability to interpret and follow a variety of instructions furnished in written, oral, diagram or schedule form. Analytical ability, including the ability to exercise judgement and make sound recommendations. Ability to multitask and manage multiple tasks through strong organizational and time management skills.
LICENSES: Must possess a valid State of Florida driver's licenses. A current Florida Teaching Certificate is preferred.
PHYSICAL DEMANDS: The physical demands described here are representative of those that must be met by an employee in order to successfully perform the essential functions of this job. Reasonable accommodations may be made to enable individuals with disabilities to perform the essential functions.
While performing the duties of this job, the employee is regularly required to sit; while using their hands to finger, handle, or feel objects, tools, or controls; talk and hear. The employee is occasionally required to stand and walk. Duties may require day and/or overnight travel within state by auto and occasional out of state air travel.
The employee must regularly lift and/or move up to 10 pounds and occasionally lift and/or move up to 40 pounds. Specific vision abilities required by this job include close vision.
WORK ENVIRONMENT: The work environment characteristics described here are representative of those an employee encounters while performing the essential functions of this job. Reasonable accommodations may be made to enable individuals with disabilities to perform the essential functions. Ability to work independently to accomplish goals and meeting deadlines.
The above statements are intended to describe the general nature and level of work being performed. They are not intended to be construed as an exhaustive list of all the essential duties, responsibilities and requirements of personnel.
and a drug free workplace.


text:
Brian Dawkins reveals career-long battle with depression
Shalise Manza Young
Set to be enshrined in the Pro Football Hall of Fame this weekend, defensive back Brian Dawkins recently revealed to an NBC Sports Philadelphia reporter that he battled depression, including thoughts of suicide, throughout his career.
'I went through a real deep, dark depression'
Reporter Derrick Gunn spent some time with Dawkins, who spent 13 years of his 16-year NFL career with the Philadelphia Eagles, at his home in Colorado, and wrote that Dawkins' shared his struggle.
It began, he said, in his rookie year. He was a newlywed, a new dad to a colicky son, and a new NFL player who was constantly being pushed by his position coach.
Former Eagles and Broncos safety Brian Dawkins, center, revealed he's battled depression for much of his adult life. (AP)
"When you're a newlywed, that's tough in itself. You have your way of doing things and your spouse has their way, and there are some things that clash in between," Dawkins said. "But I also had issues growing up period with my anger issues. Not being able to deal with some of the things like the extra energy I had.
"I had troubles channeling that anger in the right direction. They would come out in outbursts, and because I'm a quiet individual, and as men, we don't talk … anyway, I talked even less, and so all that stuff was bounding up. When you don't have answers, it comes out in different ways. During that first year, I had a lot of pressures from family members, being a newlywed, my son, Brian, was born.
"We're new parents with a colicky baby, so there's no sleep, and then, there were pressures on the job. Emmitt Thomas (his defensive coordinator) was constantly on me pushing me to be better because he saw more in me than I was putting out, to be honest.
"Overall, I didn't have any outlets, and so I began to drink a little more than I needed to, and that quickly spiraled down into depression. I went through a real dark, deep depression. Alcohol was a tremendous crutch. There were times I didn't even want to be around my family, didn't want to be around my son.
"I just wanted to be in a dark room by myself with nobody. My room, I won't say was a frequent occurrence, but it was something I would do. My faith back then wasn't that strong, so I listened to the other voice in my head, and that's where suicidal thoughts came in, and then actually planning out how I would go about it in such a way that Connie (his wife) and my son would get the money from my insurance policy."
'The pain was tremendous'
It was his wife, Connie, and Thomas who nudged Dawkins to get help, and eventually he began seeing a therapist and taking medication for depression. They helped, but Dawkins ultimately needed something more.
"The pain I was feeling was tremendous," Dawkins said. "But then, I found a way to control it. I rededicated my life. Being able to deal with that through my renewed faith. Going to more and more bible studies. Giving my life over to the Lord, completely helped me go on to become the athlete I became and the person I became."
Dawkins continues to lean heavily on his faith, he said, to help him push aside those times when he's feeling sorry for himself.
Rare safety in the Hall of Fame
Just the ninth career safety to be selected for the Hall (others, like Ronnie Lott and Rod Woodson, began their careers as cornerbacks and shifted to safety), Dawkins was a nine-time Pro Bowler and was chosen first-team All-Pro five times.
He spent the final three years of his career with the Broncos.
The Class of 2018 enshrinement ceremony takes place on Saturday in Canton, Ohio.
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• NFL reportedly tells Jerry Jones to pipe down on anthem talk
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White supremacists who attacked Black DJ sentenced
Republicans confront bitter divide; no clear path forward
Complicating Trump's 2024 bid: 'Trump fatigue'


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Брестский городской парк — городской парк в Бресте. В 1906 году его построили русские солдаты либавского гарнизона, находившиеся в Брест-Литовске. Первоначальная площадь была 4 гектара. Сегодня она составляет более 20 гектар, это самый большой городской парк в городе. Парк включает десятки видов деревьев, редких в этой части Европы, например, платан, тамариск, вяз, ель и серпентин.

В 2006 году парк отметил своё столетие. Парк претерпел тотальную реконструкцию к своему юбилею, которая длилась два года и началась в 2004 году. 16 октября 2004 года парк был открыт после завершения первого этапа реконструкции. В 2006 году реконструкция была полностью завершена, и в парк стали снова приходить посетители. В качестве своего официального имени Парк имени Первомая, он был открыт 1 мая.

Ссылки

 Фотографии и события парка на фотоблоге Бреста
 Фото парка

 Фото с открытия парка

Примечания

Сады и парки Белоруссии
Брест
Появились в 1906 году в Белоруссии

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Incrementum Quality Solutions can help you establish or improve your current Risk Management situation. Below are just a few areas that IQS can provide consulting or contract services for.
For a more in-depth and tailored solution for your specific Risk Management needs, please visit the IQS Contact Us page. An IQS Representative will get in contact with you to discuss your company's needs.


About Us: The year was 2006 when two gentlemen that had been in the spa and pool industry for over 15 years decided that it was time to open Spa and Pool HQ. They had a brick and mortar spa and pool retail store in Des Moines, Iowa but with the changes in technology and the desire to save customers even more money they decided to open an online store. With the same principles they had with the retail store: customer first approach, excellent product knowledge, and industry-leading products, Spa and Pool HQ has flourished into an international business.
The customer first approach has led to an average response time to customer emails of 40 minutes. With consistent product training for all employees, they pride themselves in the ability to answer any question about any product anytime a customer asks. As an authorized dealer for the industry-leading products from LA Spas, Dimension One Spas, ProTeam Spa and Pool, Spa Pure. Spa and Pool HQ. guarantees every product they sell because every company should guarantee every product they sell.


The University will be closed on Friday, March 30, 2018.
Classes will resume on Monday, April 2, 2018.
From 1:00 pm – 1:50 pm, students will be taught about what they should or should not post online at the J.D. Boyd Medgar Wiley Evers' Library Auditorium.
Registration for the Fall 2018 semester begins on April 9, 2018.
University clearance begins for graduating seniors on April 9, 2018.
On April 11, 2018, there will be a Multicultural Festival held all day in the James L. Bolden Campus Union.
On April 11, 2018, the Global Rhythms section of the Multicultural Festival will be held from 1:00 pm – 4:30 pm in the James L. Bolden Campus Union in the Grand Ballroom.
There will be a Health and Wellness Fair in the Davey L. Whitney HPER Complex from 9:00 am – 12:00 pm on April 12, 2018.
April 13, 2018 will be the last day to officially withdraw from the university.


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Q: Java Spring -- identify syntax errors at compile-time (in Eclipse) I am new to Spring and just now learning to use it in a piece of legacy code. If I use bad syntax (as in I mistype a bean name or I use the wrong syntax to construct things like enums) then the code will compile fine.
This makes sense, since they're just XML files loaded at run-time.
For me, this is a big issue because my service can take up to 5 minutes to run, even though it compiles instantly. And there is no need for this, because all of the syntax errors can be known before the service is run. I shouldn't need an exception to know about it.
In Eclipse, is there a plugin or feature I can use to have compilation fail if my Spring syntax is invalid?

A: Sure. Take a look at STS (Spring Tool Suite) - it is a n Eclipse special bundle for working with Spring. It has the context XML validation plugin and many other goodies.


A woman has given thanks to one kind person who paid for her father's shopping.
An elderly man forgot his pin code and accidentally blocked his card when attempting to pay for his shopping in Booths in Penwortham on Tuesday morning (June 27).
The kind woman, who hasn't come forward at the time of writing, then stepped in to pay for the shopping.
Patricia Swarbrick, posting on Facebook, said: "Were you in Booths Penwortham this morning? Are you the lovely lady who paid for my Dad's shopping when he unfortunately locked his Pin in the card machine?
A spokesperson for Booths said: "The shopper was a regular and elderly customer called Jack.
"He sadly couldn't remember his pin number and ended up accidentally blocking his card and a kind [person] paid for his shopping.


Phil Emer has spent more than 25 years working at the intersections of data communications, research, academia and business – splitting time between the public and private sectors. In the private sector, Phil worked as an engineer with IBM, as a technology executive with venture-backed Carolina Broadband and as a technology director with not-for-profit MCNC. In the public sector, Phil directed voice, video, and data communications at NC State University and now serves as Director of Technology Planning and Policy at the Friday Institute, where he leads the NC Education Cloud initiative funded under the NC Race to the Top grant. Phil serves on the Architecture Review Board of the Smarter Balanced Assessment Consortium and on the board of the Wireless Research Center of NC. Phil holds a B.S. in electrical engineering from Virginia Tech and an M.S. in computer engineering from NC State University.
In 2006, Education Week gave North Carolina a "D" on its report card for Internet access. The problem was not a lack of world-class Internet resources.
NC EdCloud provides a highly reliable, highly available server infrastructure supporting the K-12 education enterprise statewide.


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Serverless on Public Cloud: The Ultimate Showdown
Cloud Services / Serverless / Sponsored / Contributed
17 Sep 2020 12:00pm, by Emrah Samdan
Thundra sponsored this post.
Emrah Samdan
Emrah is VP of Product at Thundra. He is enthusiastic about serverless, observability and chaos engineering.
With so many serverless offerings available, making the right choice can be problematic. Getting a straight feature comparison is challenging, as the actual operational characteristics of each serverless platform can vary significantly — from how the serverless functions are invoked, to how they are billed. In this article, we'll discuss the serverless offerings of each of the three major cloud service providers: Amazon Web Services, Google Cloud and Microsoft Azure. We'll compare each one against the others and determine a winner based on four criteria: cost, ease of integration, the number of integrable services, and industry adoption metrics.
Reviewing the Landscape
There are three major serverless players we'll be discussing. The first is AWS Lambda, which was released in 2014 and was the first serverless offering available. It provides trigger integration with numerous AWS products, from simple HTTP-driven events to S3 executions based on file upload characteristics. For many companies, choosing AWS to drive their serverless functions means keeping all of their infrastructures in one place, as by some accounts AWS runs approximately 40% of the cloud market.
The next service we'll examine is Google Cloud Functions, which runs on the Google Cloud platform and reached general availability on July 24, 2018, after a lengthy beta period. As with AWS, a number of triggers are available for Google Cloud Functions, from simple HTTP triggers to workflows driven by Cloud Scheduler and Cloud Tasks.
The final service of interest is Microsoft Azure Functions, which was released to general availability in 2017. This was after a long beta period, during which Microsoft continued to enhance the ties between Azure Functions and the rest of the Microsoft Azure platform. Microsoft's offering has extensive notes and documentation, and depending on the version you are running, will allow multiple different services as triggers, input sources, or output sources.
Comparing Microsoft and Google
To begin our comparison, we'll start by pitting Microsoft Azure Functions against Google Cloud Functions. Both offer scalable function infrastructure that can grow to meet the capacity needs of your serverless application. Let's look at a few specifics: function execution times, ease of setup/integration, and pricing.
The infrastructure-based execution times for most public cloud services are comparable. Microsoft Azure Functions and Google Cloud Functions both have similar cold start times, with similar amounts of overhead, and since 2017 the gap has only grown smaller. Where Google Cloud Functions had an advantage over Microsoft Azure Functions was in ease of setup. While Microsoft Azure Functions features great flexibility in configuring new items, Google's UI showcases its origins as a web-first company, with intuitive user interface flows and easily understood options.
Thundra is an Application Observability and Security Platform for serverless, container, and VM workloads. Thundra helps to boost developer productivity by quickly pinpointing issues with distributed tracing and production debugging.
As for pricing, Microsoft and Google bill similarly by resources used. Each has a generous free tier that can easily fill the needs of a hobbyist developer. With usage-based billing, both Microsoft and Google billaround $0.000016 per GB-sec and GHz-sec. So ultimately the choice of platform is going to be driven by the degree to which you consume related services. Each offers a similar number of service integrations, so unless you are looking to pursue a multi-cloud approach, making the right choice here may be as simple as choosing the option that exists on your current infrastructure provider's platform.
Comparing Microsoft and AWS
Next, we compare Microsoft Azure Functions against AWS Lambda. Microsoft Azure Functions, like AWS Lambda, offers a number of different run-times and machine configurations that determine the final resources dedicated to your application. With similar cost structures (both services target $0.000016-$0.000017 per GB-second), there's not much to distinguish the two services on an operational basis. In user interface, Microsoft has a bit of an edge as well, as their flexible configuration file format gives you more control over the containers running your functions than you would have received on a similar Lambda function in AWS.
AWS Lambda, however — being the oldest player in the game — has a number of benefits that Microsoft Azure simply can't match. While function execution times and cold-start delays are roughly equivalent, the benefit of the platform's age is evident in the comparable maturity of the toolchain. Tools like provisioned concurrency and AWS SAM provide a layer of configuration and complexity management that greatly eases the challenge of working with a serverless application, at no additional cost. While Microsoft has arguably done a better job of presenting its functions as part of a larger application, leading to more efficient organization, the progress AWS has made in this realm has mostly closed the gap.
Comparing Google and AWS
We'll round out the direct comparison portion of our article by pitting Google Cloud Functions against AWS Lambda. As we've observed in our other comparisons, these three platforms are roughly equivalent in execution environments, tertiary-service integrations, and even cost levels. Thus, we are best served by looking at secondary characteristics of the ecosystem, as this will point us to the true differentiators.
While Google's configuration flow is arguably more user-friendly than the AWS approach, this user-friendly approach makes some assumptions about how a platform should be used. While Google Cloud Functions prefers you to spend time in user interfaces, AWS Lambda leverages tools like CloudFormation to give your developers the option to take an infrastructure-as-code approach, improving ownership and maintainability of your application architecture.
The final differentiator in this comparison is third-party support. Because AWS has such a large user base, the type and variety of third-party tools available is simply greater in the AWS ecosystem than it is for Google Cloud. Without adequate third-party tooling, your dashboards and monitoring efforts will be limited to the tools available in your provider's stack, some of which can be complex to decipher. Third parties like Thundra (working only on AWS for now) add an additional layer on top of these provider-specific interfaces, filling holes in the information flow that would otherwise require custom pipelines to fix.
Our Recommendation: AWS
What we've seen above is that most of the serverless cloud providers have reached a kind of feature parity. Execution statistics are similar for each of the three serverless function services, and on a cost basis there's not much to differentiate the offerings from one another. Thus, for most serverless applications, choosing the "right" provider may simply be a question of how deeply you are already tied into an infrastructure services platform. If your application is already running on Microsoft Azure, it would make sense to look to Azure functions as a potential first option when building your serverless functionality.
For those applications for which you have the flexibility to choose a serverless function provider, tertiary characteristics take precedence in choosing the "right" platform. In such cases, we recommend AWS Lambda as your serverless function provider. AWS Lambda's maturity and surrounding ecosystem gives it a distinct advantage in terms of usability when compared to Microsoft and Google, and the third-party ecosystem sets it above the rest.
Using AWS, you can leverage tools like Thundra to get a comprehensive view of your serverless application, providing insights beyond the native dashboards that can be critical when monitoring your application's behavior. Coupled with a significant market share and the ease of integration with services like Route 53, API Gateway and S3, AWS is a clear winner in the third-party ecosystem department and it can help take your application to the next level.
Amazon Web Services is a sponsor of The New Stack.
At this time, The New Stack does not allow comments directly on this website. We invite all readers who wish to discuss a story to visit us on Twitter or Facebook. We also welcome your news tips and feedback via email: feedback@thenewstack.io.
Essential DevOps Principles for 2021
re:Invent 2020 Liveblog: Werner Vogels Keynote


text:
Martin Joseph Walsh (1967. április 10. –) bostoni politikus, aki az Egyesült Államok munkaügyi minisztere. A Demokrata Párt tagja, 2014 és 2021 között Boston polgármestere. Korábban tagja volt Massachusetts Képviselőházának, 1997 ás 2014 között a 13. Suffolk választókerületből. 2021. január 7-én Joe Biden bejelentette, hogy jelölni fogja Walsht az Egyesült Államok munkaügyi miniszteri pozíciójára. 2023-ban le fog mondani, hogy az NFL játékos-szakszervezetének elnöke legyen.

Választási eredmények

Magánélete
Walsh Dorchesterben lakik élettársávál, Lorrie Higginsszel. A New England Patriots rajongója, 1994 óta bérlete van a csapat mérkőzéseire. Római katolikus, angol mellett írül is beszél.

Források

1967-ben született személyek
Bostoniak
Amerikai demokrata politikusok
Élő személyek
Joe Biden kabinetjének tagjai