A marketing and lead-gen platform for brands or publisher to create quizzes, personality tests, polls and other interactive formats to engage their audience and acquire more customers.
As a lean, fast-growing quiz maker, Riddle supports some of the largest publishers and sports organizations on the planet. We appreciate how Chargebee lets us spend our time and energy on actually growing the business - knowing that the back-end finance and revenue collection is well in hand.
Riddle was being swamped with users on the free plan being responsible for a large portion of their expenses but never had any intention to ever upgrade.
Being a SaaS company from the EU, they had to navigate the complexities around EU-VAT and GDPR compliance.
With Chargebee's discount management as well as the ability to allow customers to checkout without entering their card details, they saw a 34% increase in new sales.
Chargebee's deeper billing automation, EU-VAT and GDPR-compliance enabled Riddle to focus more on growing their business, with a 63% decrease in manual renewals and cancellations.
Founded in 2014, Riddle had opted to go the subscriptions route right from the start. This was based on the realization that brands and businesses that relied on content, such as publishers and media companies, needed to keep coming up with new ways to create content in the form of quizzes, surveys, polls and tests. Their first issue was the ability to accept payments from different sources.
This pain was aggravated when they realized that their users on the free plan were using Riddle far more than their paying customers - all without the intention to upgrade, adding a burden on their expenses.
Compliance to EU rules exacerbated their issues as they tried to scale. Their team had also deep experience with the friction of trying to collect VAT appropriately across 27 countries, in addition to the rest of the world. This experience made them realize that as an EU-based SaaS business, it was critical to accurately and automatically collect VAT for each country. The recent requirement to GDPR compliance added an extra layer of complexity to rapidly growing the business.
They wanted to find a better way of acquiring quality customers, and scale operations without being bogged down by operational and compliance hassles.
Riddle's search for a subscription billing platform started right in the early stages of development — "We wanted a tool that supported a wide array of payment methods, was flexible with how plans are set up and most importantly supports EU VAT regulations", according to Boris Pfeiffer, Founder, Riddle. "Building that out ourselves would have taken precious time away from building our core product", he adds.
Chargebee soon became their choice of a SaaS billing platform that offered all the features that they were looking for. This including hosted payment pages, which solved their billing needs and took away all the pain of securing payment data from Riddle.
Improved acquisitions of quality customers: Riddle has been able to run several discount campaigns that brought in more users to the product — close to 34% of new user subscriptions via discount codes. Additionally, they went ahead and removed the free plan on their pricing. Instead, they started offering a no-obligation, free trial for 2 weeks without entering any credit card details. As a result, they saw a huge increase in the volume and quality of their subscription sales.
Automatic billing for increased efficiency: Riddle was able to automate processes around subscription management, including recording a customer, accepting payments with Chargebee's hosted checkout pages, and following up on failed payments with Chargebee's dunning and email reminders. They saw a spike in their efficiency with a 63% decrease in the manual effort involved in renewals and cancellations.
Better retention with Intercom integration: With Chargebee sending relevant subscription information to Intercom, it provides a complete picture of that customer's plan and account history which makes quality customer support easier. Riddle views each opportunity to message a user as a chance to highlight tips, ideas, and features and better assist each customer.
Automated EU-VAT & GDPR compliance: More importantly, Riddle was able to navigate the EU's tax and compliance laws. When they started in 2014, Chargebee was the only provider that automated EU-VAT tax management accurately; this made it easier for them to collect taxes based on their customer's destination. Riddle is also 100% GDPR-compliant, having transitioned from being incorporated in the US to a German AG with all their servers located in the EU.
We really appreciate how proactive Chargebee has been with their own process - unlike some of our other providers, we had complete confidence that your tools would allow us to be compliant in this area before the deadline.
— Boris Pfeiffer, Co-Founder, Riddle.


text:
Q: Structure allocation with binary tree It's hard to tell my problem in the title. However,
I'm programming a program that use a structure database. In this structure I have information about the database and the element of the database itself. Each element is another structure. For now I declared the elements whit a simply array of elements whit a defined size. But each element is heavy (6 long double, a char[64], some int and soon much more) and I want to make the program able to work on a lot of (possibly infinte) element simultaneously, so it's necessary to use a lot of RAM. But only sometimes the program fills the array, so the program occupies a lot of RAM and works only whit few element. So I thinked to use a binary tree, so when i want to put another element I initialize a new element structure, and when i delete it the program dealloc the structure and I can have "infintie" element. But two problems hit me:
1) If I call a function that allocs a new structure and return the pointer to it, the structure isn't automatic deallocated because the function is finished
2) The program alloc and dealloc element of the structure whitout order, so the array is perfect because is enought a boolean flag "active" or "unactive" for each structure, but in a tree, the things being more complicated, I have to delete the node, then relink his children to another node that hasn't children...
What do you think? Every suggestion is taken with thanks.

A: If I understand your question correctly, you want to have a lot of struct element, where sizeof(struct element) is quite big, and you want to add and remove them dynamically during your program.
That means you want to allocate and deallocate memory for them dynamically, so you want to use malloc() and free() and you will be working with struct elem *s. Now the data structure to keep your pointers in depends on the operations you will perform on the data.
If you don't need to search in the elements (or if you never have a lot of them at one point), if it's enough just to iterate through them, a Linked list is appropriate. It allows you to dynamically add and remove elements and it is memory-efficient.
If you need to search in the elements, but using just one variable, you can put your pointers into a binary tree (or a hash table).
Otherwise (if you need to search in the data using multiple variables), you should probably keep them in linked list and construct binary-tree or hash-table index to speed-up searches over often searched variables.
But at that point, you might consider using some existing DBMS.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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10 Reasons to Play The Last of Us Remastered
Don't miss out on one of the best games of all-time.
Published July 22, 2014, 11:04 a.m. about The Last of Us
by Bill Lavoy
It feels strange explaining to people why playing The Last of Us is in their best interest. After all, it is one of the most highly acclaimed video games of all time, with some arguing that it is the best PlayStation 3 game. Grand Theft Auto 5 fans might have something to say about that, but it's that good!
Even with the crazy reception, incredible sales numbers and word of mouth, some people don't seem interested. Oddly enough, those same people are usually the ones who haven't played it, and wonder how it could be as good as fans say it is. Well, whether you're a believer or skeptic, allow us to give you 10 reasons (we joked with our editor it could be 77) that you need to play The Last of Us Remastered on July 29.
Hits you right in the feels
We're going to do our best not to spoil anything for you, just in case you haven't had an opportunity to play this game. Still, you can expect to take a crazy ride on the emotional roller coaster that is Ellie and Joel's journey. It starts about 20 minutes into your experience and continues through just about every single mission, right up to the last moment of one of video game history's best single-player experiences.
Get terrified in HD
Given that the PlayStation 4 is a fairly new system, it's not often that players are treated to a native resolution of 1080p. In fact, the only time it seems to happen is when the game is a PS4 exclusive. Look back to Killzone: Shadow Fall or Infamous: Second Son for evidence of that. Building on that point, as gorgeous as The Last of Us was on the PS3, try to imagine how much better the experience will be when you bump up the resolution and the visuals clock in at 60 fps.
Don't be a hoarder, yo!
If you're someone who enjoys searching for collectibles, The Last of Us Remastered should definitely be in your game library. Whether it's Firefly Pendants, Comics, Artifacts or even the Optional Conversations, these hidden gems blend in perfectly with the world. Where some games make finding collectibles tedious, the ones you'll find in this post apocalyptic wasteland tell a story that makes exploring every inch of the landscape worth every minute of your time.
Get your bow on
Using a bow is a lot of fun, not to mention somewhat quieter and more economical than wasting bullets and alerting all the nearby Clickers. The best part, however, comes during the Lakeside Resort mission. In that case, Ellie not only goes deer hunting with it, but also wipes out dozens of evildoers without making a peep. For stealth players, this will be one of the most rewarding chapters of the game.
Things that go bump in the night
If you played the PlayStation 3 version, you're well aware of the terror that washes over your body when you hear the sound of a Clicker somewhere in the darkness. If you haven't, this could be the one time you regret buying a $300 gaming headset. The only thing that's worse than hearing is seeing them. Their fungal-infested faces aren't something that even a mother could love... unless of course, she's a Bloater.
Do you even multiplayer?
The Last of Us multiplayer is very underrated. Yes, it is third person, but the rounds are short, the maps are well made and since you only have one life per round, you value it. Everything depends on teamwork, and gameplay is tense from beginning to end. It's no secret that the true star of the game is the campaign, but come July 29, don't forget to give the online modes a fair shake. The first time you beat someone to death with your bare hands, you'll be hooked.
Gimme some of that DLC
Some people are against the idea of paying full retail price for a game that already released on another platform. To us, that's like saying Star Wars isn't worth buying on Blu-ray because we already own it on DVD. Fair enough, that might go too far, but our point remains valid, and even more so when you consider that your purchase will include all single-player and multiplayer DLC packages. That means you get the Left Behind single-player expansion, as well as the Abandoned Territories and Reclaimed Territories map packs.
The soothing sounds of Troy Baker
He's the man. It's as simple as that. With roles like Booker DeWitt from BioShock Infinite, or Delsin Rowe from Infamous: Second Son, his resume speaks for itself. Although, perhaps his most shining role is the one you'll experience when you play The Last of Us Remastered. Yes, Troy Baker playing the part of Joel is one of the greatest voice acting performances in video game history, and he likely occupies a few more spots on that list as well. Of course, not to be overlooked is the voice behind Ellie, Ashley Johnson. If you're not sure where you've seen her before, think back to the film What Women Want as Mel Gibson's daughter. Of course, that was in the year 2000, so we forgive you if it slipped your mind.
Melee! Melee! Melee!
It's a good thing this list isn't in order, because melee attacks wouldn't be number two on the list of reasons to pick up The Last of Us Remastered. However, that doesn't stop Joel and Ellie's respective close quarters skills from being very rewarding. In the case of Joel, when you sneak up behind one of your foes, you can choke him in a way that will make you adjust your collar. It just looks like it really, really sucks. Ellie, on the other hand, might be even worse. She frantically climbs on her victim's back like some crazy spider monkey, then proceeds to stab him in the neck (repeatedly) with her switchblade. We guess that's what you get for being a jerk in the apocalypse.
The best game of all time
We might be a little bit bias on this one, just like one or two other points, but the idea here is to tell you why we think it's worth buying, and for us, this is in the conversation for best single-player experience of all-time. In fact, if you are a fan of Metacritic, The Last of Us was the third highest ranked game of 2013, behind only Grand Theft Auto 5, which beat it out on both the PS3 and the Xbox 360.
The Last of Us isn't about reviews, though. It's about a journey that will make you care for each and every one of the characters. One minute, you'll explore the land without a care in the world, bonding with Ellie, and the next, you'll fight against near hopeless odds to save her. It's just one of those games that, 10 years from now, you'll regret having to say you didn't play it, or even play it again.
The Last of Us Remastered will release exclusively for the PlayStation 4 this July 29, and you can find in-depth coverage, including a full walkthrough and collectible guide, right here on Prima Games.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Local business owner Kathryn Genereux in her salon, Inspire Hair Design on Blanshard Street. Some merchants won't be affected by the increase in minimum wage, while others may have to raise prices. Lauren Boothby/VICTORIA NEWS
Local business owners weigh in on minimum wage increase
While the increase is favourable to workers, owners may find the change difficult
Aug. 17, 2017 1:00 p.m.
Lauren Boothby
Local business owners are conflicted on B.C.'s minimum wage hike.
Next month the increase begins in stages as part of a plan to hit $15 per hour by 2021. NDP Labour Minister Harry Bains said the rate will go up by 50 cents, to $11.35 an hour, in September. Liquor servers' wage will rise by the same amount to $10.10 per hour.
Kathryn Genereux, who owns Inspire Hair Design on Blanshard Street, thinks the change is positive, although her employees are already paid over the current minimum wage and won't be affected. However, she can understand how difficult it is for other local businesses.
"It is hard to be a small business. We don't have a lot of the (tax) breaks people think," she said. "It is hard to pay a substantial wage and make money, so I understand it is difficult. However as an owner you want your staff, your team, to thrive and they can't thrive off minimum."
Andrew Millen is one of the owners of Oscar & Libby's on Fort Street. He said there are pros and cons to the change and he can understand both sides.
He said 2021 seems like a long-way off and a reasonable time frame.
"One thing that crosses my mind is, if your new, inexperienced worker [is hired] at $15 an hour, and then your more veteran worker (is) making a little bit more than that, it's going to bump everyone up," he said.
"It's going to drive the cost of doing business up, so cost of merchandise is going to go up to some degree."
But he also understands that for those making the current wage, the cost of living is high. "It seems fair that way."
The previous BC Liberal government had pledged to boost the minimum wage by 50 cents in February, but Bains panned what he called their slow and unpredictable effort.
"We will give it a legal effect so that it will be implemented Sept. 15," said Bains.
The rate will go up by "incremental and predictable increases," he told reporters, with a "responsible, fair approach."
B.C.'s minimum wage is currently the seventh highest rate out of 10 in Canada. The jump to $11.35 will put it at the third highest. Seattle has also promised to increase its minimum wage to $15.
RELATED: B.C. NDP commits to $15 minimum wage
The province will also start a fair wage commission to help employers prepare, he said, and help minimize the impact on small businesses.
"They can actually look at their structure and costs ahead of time," Bains said. "Workers will have a few dollars more in their pockets and they will … boost our economy."
The commission will explore how to settle the discrepancy between the proposed minimum wage and what is called the living wage, or what a family of four needs to earn to cover their basic expenses. The latter differs across the province, ranging from $17/hr mid-Vancouver Island to more than $20/hr in Vancouver.
BC Federation of Labour president Irene Lanzinger said she'd like to see the gap between the minimum and liveable wage shrink.
"That is a discussion to be had after we get to $15," she said. "I'm not in favour of $15 for some and $14 for others because $15 gets you just above the poverty line."
She added she was pleased with the NDP's announcement, though she wished the changes were happening faster.
Meanwhile, the head of Surrey Board of Trade said the increase won't be easy for small business owners.
RELATED: Surrey Board of Trade says minimum wage increase will hit small businesses hard
"We were originally advocates of a minimum wage increase when the Liberals were in power because we're the lowest minimum wage in Canada as a province and we have the highest child poverty rate in Canada," Anita Huberman said.
"We were, as a business organization, very different, supporting a minimum wage increase. But the move towards a $15 minimum wage, small business has to prepare now."
For more on this issue, visit vicnews.com.
– with files from Tom Fletcher
lauren.boothby@vicnews.com
Pedestrians pass by local small business Oscar & Libby's on Fort Street. Lauren Boothby/Victoria News
Three new judges appointed in B.C., two senior judges reappointed
UPDATE: ISIS takes responsibility for Barcelona terror attack


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Lozano-Fuentes S, Hayden MH, Welsh-Rodriguez C, Ochoa-Martinez C, Tapia-Santos B, Kobylinski KC, Uejio CK, Zielinski-Gutierrez E, Monache LD, Monaghan AJ, Steinhoff DF, Eisen L. The dengue virus mosquito vector Aedes aegypti at high elevation in Mexico. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2012 Nov; 87(5):902-9. PMID: 22987656; PMCID: PMC3516267.
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Cong ritual jade
1900 BCE-1600 BCE
Ritual jade 'cong'
Qijia Culture 2300 - 1600 BCE → China
Gift of Graham E Fraser 1993
Lower Asian gallery
'Bi', a disc with a central perforation, and 'cong', a roughly square cross-section with a circular bore, are two of the most familiar jade ritual objects of ancient China. The number of 'bi' and 'cong' discovered throughout late Neolithic and Bronze Age tombs and burial sites is testimony to their significance in ancient rituals and ceremonies, although their meaning and function remain uncertain. As Western Zhou ritual texts refer to 'bi' and 'cong' as offerings to heaven and earth respectively, they have become symbols of heaven and earth. They were usually found together in tombs.
The gallery's example of a 'bi' (Acc.no. 187.1988) is a rich, opaque green. The term 'bi' has been applied to discs with small central holes. If the hole is larger in proportion to the whole area of the disc, then the jade is generally known as a 'huang' in Chinese. Like the 'bi' disc, the 'huang' ring is also a major type of ancient ritual jade, existing in China as early as the 5th millennium BCE. Two types were popular; the plain ring and the ring with a central vertical collar. The gallery's 'huang' ring (Acc.no. 289.1996) is a rich, opaque, creamy green with milkish and brown patches or veins.
The example of a 'cong' is made of brownish yellow stone with brown veins and a partially glassy polish. Unlike the richly ornamented examples from the early period, most jade 'cong' from the Western Zhou dynasty were without any decoration.
'The Asian Collections: Art Gallery of New South Wales'. pg.73
© 2003 Trustees, Art Gallery of New South Wales
Conversations through the Asian collections, Art Gallery of New South Wales, Sydney, 25 Oct 2014–13 Mar 2016
Elemental, Art Gallery of New South Wales, Sydney, 30 Jul 2022–2024
Referenced in 1 publication
Jackie Menzies (Editor), The Asian Collections Art Gallery of New South Wales , 'Bronzes and Jades', Sydney, 2003, 73 (colour illus.).
Graham E. Fraser, pre 1988-Jun 1993, United States of America, donated to the Art Gallery of New South Wales, Sydney, June 1993.


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Category: accessibility
Getting Closer to Accessible Carousels
Carousels are a popular website feature because they allow one to fit extra information within the same footprint and provide visual interest on a page. But as you most likely know, there is wide disagreement about whether they should ever be used. Reasons include: they can be annoying, no one spends long enough on a page to ever see beyond the first item, people rarely click on them (even if they read the information) and they add bloat to pages (Michael Schofield has a very compelling set of slides on this topic). But by far the most compelling argument against them is that they are difficult if not impossible to make accessible, and accessibility issues exist for all types of users.
In reality, however, it's not always possible to avoid carousels or other features that may be less than ideal. We all work within frameworks, both technical and political, and we need to figure out how to create the best case scenario within those frameworks. If you work in a university or college library, you may be constrained by a particular CMS you need to use, a particular set of brand requirements, and historical design choices that may be slower to go away in academia than elsewhere. This post is a description of how I made some small improvements to my library website's carousel to increase accessibility, but I hope it can serve as a larger discussion of how we can always make small improvements within whatever frameworks we work.
What Makes an Accessible Carousel?
We've covered accessibility extensively on ACRL TechConnect before. Cynthia Ng wrote a three part series in 2013 on making your website accessible, and Lauren Magnuson wrote about accessibility testing LibGuides in 2015. I am not an expect by any means on web accessibility, and I encourage you to do additional research about the basics of accessibility. For this specific project I needed to understand what it is specifically about carousels that makes them particular inaccessible, and how to ameliorate that. When I was researching this specific project, I found the following resources the most helpful.
Aria Example — Carousel
The Unbearable Inaccessibility of Slideshows
The basic issues with carousels are that they move at their own pace but in a way that may be difficult to predict, and are an inherently visual medium. For people with visual impairments the slideshow images are irrelevant unless they provide useful information, and their presence on the page causes difficulty for screen reading software. For people with motor or cognitive impairments (which covers nearly everyone at some point in their lives) a constantly shifting image may be distracting and even if the content is interesting it may not be possible to click on the image at the rate it is set to move.
You can increase accessibility of carousels by making it obvious and easy for users to stop the slideshow and view images at their own pace, make the role of the slideshow and the controls on the page obvious to screen reading software, to make it possible to control the slideshow without a mouse, and to make it still work without stylesheets. Alternative methods of accessing the content have to be available and useful.
I chose to work on the slideshow as part of a retheming of the library website to bring it up to current university branding standards and to make it responsive. The current slideshow lacked obvious controls or any instructions for screen readers, and was not possible to control without a mouse. My general plan in approaching this was to ensure that there were obvious controls to control the slideshow (and that it would pause quickly without a lot of work), have ARIA roles for screen readers, and be keyboard controllable. I had to work with the additional constraints of making this something that would work in Drupal, be responsive, and that would allow the marketing committee to post their own images without my intervention but would still require alt tags and other crucial items for accessibility.
Because the library's website uses Drupal, it made sense to look for a solution that was designed to work with Drupal. Many options exist, and everyone has a favorite or a more appropriate choice for a particular situation, so if you are looking for a good Drupal solution you'll want to do your own research. I ended up choosing a Drupal module called Views Slideshow after looking at several options. It seemed to be customizable enough that I was pretty sure I could make it accessible even though it lacked some of the features out of the box. The important thing to me is that it would make it possible to give the keys to the slideshow operation to someone else. The way our slideshow traditionally worked required writing HTML into the middle of a hardcoded homepage and uploading the image to the server in a separate process. This meant that my department was a roadblock to updating the images, and required careful coordination before vacations or times away to ensure we could get the images changed. We all agreed that if the slideshow was going to stay, this process had to improve.
Why not just remove the slideshow entirely? That's one option we definitely considered, but one important caveat I set early in the redesign process was to leave the site content and features alone and just update the look and feel of the site. Thus I wanted to leave every current piece of information that was an important part of the homepage as is, though slightly reorganized. I also didn't want to change the size of the homepage slideshow images, since the PR committee already had a large stock of images they were using and I didn't want them to have to redesign everything. In general, we are moving to a much more flexible and iterative process for changing website features and content, so nothing is ruled out for the future.
I won't go into a lot of detail about the technical fixes I made, since this won't be widely applicable. Views Slideshow uses a very standard Drupal module called Views to create a list of content. While it is a very popular module, I found it challenging to install correctly without a lot of help (I mainly used this site), since the settings are hard to figure out. In setting up the module, you are able to control things like whether alt text is required, the most basic type of accessibility feature, which allows users who cannot see images to understand their content through screen readers or other assistive technologies. Beyond that, you can set some things up in the templates for the modules. First I created a Drupal content type is called Featured Slideshow. It includes fields for title of the slide, image, and the link it should go to. The image has an alt and title field, which can be set automatically using tokens (text templates), or manually by the person entering data. The module uses jQuery Cycle to control which image is available. I then customized the templates (several PHP files) to include ARIA roles and to edit the controls to make them plain English rather than icons (I can think of downsides to this approach for sure, but at least it makes the point of them clear for many people).
ARIA role. This is frequently updated but non-essential page content. Its default ARIA live state is "off", meaning unless the user is focused on it changes in state won't be announced. You can change this to "polite" as well, which means a change in state will be announced at the next convenient opportunity. You would never want to use "assertive", since that would interrupt the user for no reason.
Features I'm still working on are detailed in The Unbearable Inaccessibility of Slideshows, specifically keyboard focus order and improved performance with stylesheets unavailable. However with a few small changes I've improved accessibility of a feature on the site–and this technique can be applied to any feature on any site.
Making Small Improvements to Improve Accessibility.
While librarians who get the privilege of working on their own library's website have the possibilities to guide the design choices, we are not always able to create exactly the ideal situation. Whether you are dealing with a carousel or any other feature that requires some work to improve accessibility, I would suggest the following strategy:
Review what the basic requirements are for making the feature work with your platform and situation. This means both technically and politically.
Research the approaches others have taken. You probably won't be able to use someone else's technique unless they are in a very similar situation, but you can at least use lessons learned.
Create a step by step plan to ensure you're not missing anything, as well as a list of questions to answer as you are working through the development process.
Test the feature. You can use achecker or WAVE, which has a browser plugin to help you test sites in a local development environment.
Review errors and fix these. If you can't fix everything, list the problems and plan for future development, or see if you can pick a new solution.
Test with actual users.
This may seem overwhelming, but taking it slow and only working on one feature at a time can be a good way to manage the process. And even better, you'll improve your practices so that the next time you start a project you can do it correctly from the beginning.
Author Margaret HellerPosted on August 1, 2016 July 31, 2016 Categories accessibility, usabilityTags Drupal
Accessibility Testing LibGuides 2.0
Over the summer my library began investigating potentially migrating to the LibGuides content management system from our current, Drupal-based subject guide system. As part of our investigation, and with resources from our campus' Universal Design Center 1, I began an initial review to determine the extent to which LibGuides 2.0 was accessible to all users, including users with disabilities or those using assistive technologies. Our campus, like other California State University campuses, has a strong commitment to ensuring technology is accessible to all users. The campus has a fairly extensive process for acquiring new technologies that require all departments to review the accessibility of any technology or web-based product purchased, and the Universal Design Center assists all departments on campus with these evaluations. While evaluating technology for accessibility is not typically my area of responsibility (in fact, I rarely have involvement in end-user facing technology, let alone testing for usability and accessibility), in this case I was interested in using LibGuides as an opportunity to learn more about accessibility for my own knowledge. Ensuring that web content is accessible requires a blend of skills related to using web markup, understanding user behavior, and knowledge of assistive technologies, and as a librarian I know I can benefit from a solid understanding of all of these areas.
While I am by no means an expert on accessibility, I am familiar with basic guidelines of accessibility for content creation and markup. 2 Of course, accessibility and usability in a content management system depend, in large part, on the practices followed by content creators. LibGuides authors have a significant amount of control over the accessibility of the content they create. For example, using the HTML source code editing features of LibGuides, any guide author can ensure their own markup is compliant with accessibility guidelines, and manually add elements such as alternative text, titled iFrames, or ARIA attributes. However, I was especially interested in identifying any issues that LibGuides guide authors could not easily modify themselves. While many features can be overridden via the extensive CSS customization available in LibGuides 2.0's Bootstrap Framework3, I wanted to identify those 'out-of-the-box' elements that posed accessibility problems.
The following issues identified below have been reported to SpringShare, and I was told by SpringShare support that all of these issues are being investigated and already 'on the list' for future development. As this is my first attempt to really deep-dive into web accessibility, I'm really interested in feedback about the issues identified below. I am hoping that I've interpreted the standards correctly, but I definitely welcome any feedback or corrections!
A sample guide was created in a LibGuides demo instance to evaluate all built-in LibGuides box types, content types, and various multimedia elements to determine Section 508 compliance. The following features were included on the guide that was used for testing:
LibGuides Box Types:
LibGuides Content Types:
Rich Text/HTML
Media/Widget
Book from the Catalog
Document/File
Free tools used to evaluate LibGuides accessibility include:
W3C Markup Validator : Valid markup is usually much more accessible markup. Unclosed tags or nesting problems can often cause problems with screen readers, keyboard navigation, or other assistive technologies.
WebAIM WAVE Accessibility Tool – Enter the URL of your page, and the WAVE Tool will examine the page and automatically identify accessibility errors (elements, such as form labels, that are required for accessibility that are absent or problematically implemented), alerts (potential issues that could be improved) and features (good accessibility practices).
CynthiaSays – Similar to the WAVE tool, CynthiaSays automatically reads through the markup of a URL you provide and generates a comprehensive report of problems and potential issues.
Mozilla Firefox with the following extensions (there are likely Chrome alternatives to these):
Fangs – A screen reader emulator that enables you to view a text-only version of a page the way a screen-reader would read it. Ensuring that your page is read by a screen reader the way you intend is essential for accessibility, and Fangs enables you to review the screen-readability of your page without downloading a full screen-reading desktop client such as JAWS.
WCAG Color Contrast Checker – A handy tool to quickly view the color contrast of your page in the browser. Low contrast elements, such as yellow text on a white background, can be very different to see for a variety of users.
Colour Contrast Analyser – A helpful desktop client that enables automated checking to ensure that web page elements or images contain high enough contrast to be viewed and read easily by a wide variety of users.
JAWS – JAWS is a very popular screen reading application that enables web pages to be navigated and read aloud to users. While this software has a cost, a free trial can be downloaded temporarily to preview the software's functionality.
Guidelines from the US Federal Government's Section 508 Accessibility Program, W3C's WCAG 2.0, and CSU Northridge's Web Accessibility Criteria were used in this evaluation.
These features do not conform to Section 508 and/or WCAG 2.0 compliance, and their implementation in LibGuides does not enable guide authors to easily override code to improve accessibility manually.
Polls: Lack clear labeling of form elements (Section 508 1194.22(n))
In our testing, Poll elements lack "FOR" attributes in tag labels and "ID" attributes in associated form elements. Poll forms also make use of 'implicit labels', where the form element and its associated label are contained within opening and closing label tags. For example, radio button code from a poll element is generated by LibGuides as:

<input type="radio" class="pad-left-med" name="s-lg-poll-option-13342416"
id="s-lg-poll-option-13342416_1" value="83823" >Never
More accessible code might instead look like:
Never
id="s-lg-poll-option-13342416_1" value="83823" ID="never">
Cover images from 'Books from the Catalog': Lack textual description (Section 508 1194.22(a))
In testing, whether covers were retrieved from Syndetics, Amazon, or whether default (blue or white) covers were used, all resultant "Books from the Catalog" elements lacked ALT attributes. Images do, however, have title elements. It could be interpreted that these elements are decorative and therefore do not require alternative text elements. However, the default title elements (derived from the title of the book) is not especially descriptive to help the user understand the role of the image on the page.

This code could be made more accessible with the following:
<img alt="Getting it Right for Young Children from Diverse Backgrounds
Cover Image"
src="http://syndetics.com/index.aspx?isbn=9780133017854/LC.GIF&
Gallery Keyboard Accessibility and Tab Navigation Section 508 1194.21 (a)
In testing, it was not possible to navigate through gallery images using keyboard tab navigation alone. While it was possible with tab navigation to bypass the gallery (tab into and out of it into the next page element) the user would not be able to control the movement of the gallery or tab through the gallery images to access the descriptions or captions of the gallery.
Gallery Default Label and Caption Color: Insufficient contrast and readability
FireFox's WCAG Color Contrast Checker identified the white label and caption color of the "Gallery" box type as having insufficient contrast with many images that could be used in the gallery. Because the label and captions appear directly overlaid upon gallery images, with no outline or background color to enhance the contrast of the text, these labels and captions can be difficult to read. There does not appear to be a way in LibGuides administrative settings to adjust the default caption, though custom scripting might be used to override the style.
Figure 1: LibGuides gallery feature showing white label and caption that can be difficult to read against the gallery image.
Accessible Practices for Guide Authors: A few tips
The issues identified above cannot easily be resolved through LibGuides administrative options or author controls, but there are several other important practices for guide authors to be aware of. The tips below are by no means a comprehensive guide to accessibility; there are many more aspects to ensuring content is accessible (especially concerning the use of media, tables, and other types of content), but this list provides a few examples of things content creators can be aware of when creating guides.
Media/Widget Embed Codes: Manually add title attributes to iframe elements
When embedding iframe media (such as a YouTube video, SoundCloud file, or Google Form) it is essential that Guide authors manually add a TITLE attribute to media embed codes.
Here is an example of a YouTube video's embed code:

When adding code like this to a LibGuides Media/Widget feature, guide authors should manually add in a descriptive title element to briefly describe the contents of the embedded media:
<iframe title="Video tutorial on finding a book at the Oviatt Library"
Embedded media should also always include captions for visual media and transcripts for audio and visual media.
Rich Text/HTML Content: Add alternative text to all images
When manually adding images to RichText/HTML content, guide authors should be sure to add descriptive Alternative Text in the image dialogue box:
Figure 2: LibGuides Image Properties Dialogue Box used to add images. The Alternative Text field is highlighted.
Links: Add title and aria-label attributes
When manually adding links to resources in LibGuides, ensure the purpose of the link is clear, either with title attributes or aria-label attributes. Avoid, where possible, vague link text such as 'Read More' or 'Click Here'. If link text is vague or there is no descriptive information about the link visible on the page, use a title attribute or aria-label attribute:
Link with title attribute:

The Crap Test
Link with aria-label attribute:
aria-label="Read more about evaluating sources">
Look and Feel: Ensure text is visually distinct from background colors
When designing the look and feel of LibGuides, where possible, ensure a high level of contrast between text and background colors for readability. For example, consider enhancing the text contrast on box labels, which by default have somewhat low contrast (dark grey text on light grey background).
Figure 3: LibGuides default box header, showing low contrast between text in box and background.
Figure 4: LibGuides box header with font color set to #000000 in administrative Look and Feel settings.
For any element on the page, avoid using colors that do not have high contrast with background color features.
Many LibGuides authors have created excellent guides to accessibility for guide authors at their institution, and SpringShare also provides an useful guide for best practices for LibGuides content creators that covers some accessibility practices. Here are a few resources from the LibGuides community that helped me enormously when doing this evaluation:
Section 508 & Accessibility (Melissa Cardenas-Dow, University of California, Riverside)
Waterloo LibGuides for Guide Authors (University of Waterloo)
Web Accessibility in LibGuides (Syracuse University Libraries)
LibGuides Presentation: Accessibility (Adina Mulliken, City University of New York)
The ACRL Universal Accessibility Interest Group (UAIG) is currently exploring the formation of a subcommittee to review LibGuides accessibility and potentially create a more comprehensive guide to best practices for LibGuides accessibility. You can join the UAIG through your ALA / ACRL membership to learn more about this initiative.
I would also love to hear from other who have done this kind of testing and found other issues. Do you have a guide to best practices that covers accessibility? Are you aware of other features in LibGuides that are not accessible to all users? Comment here or tweet me @lpmagnuson.
The mission of the Universal Design Center is "to assist the campus community in creating pathways for individuals to learn, communicate, and share via information technology. Part of the mission is to help the campus community design-in interoperability, usability, and accessibility into information technology so that individual learning and processing styles, or physical characteristics are not barriers to accessing information." http://www.csun.edu/universaldesigncenter ↩
For an excellent overview of web accessibility compliance, see Cynthia Ng's articles on ACRL Tech Connect at http://acrl.ala.org/techconnect/post/making-your-website-accessible-part-1-understanding-wcag, http://acrl.ala.org/techconnect/post/making-your-website-accessible-part-2-implementing-wcag, and http://acrl.ala.org/techconnect/post/making-your-website-accessible-part-3-content-wcag-compliance. ↩
For a great example of the extensive customization that can be done in LibGuides 2.0's Bootstrap framework, see http://acrl.ala.org/techconnect/post/migrating-to-libguides-2-0 ↩
Author Lauren MagnusonPosted on September 28, 2015 Categories accessibility, library


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The 25 Best Master's in Engineering Online for 2019
Click here for high resolution badge
By BCR Staff
The latest report from the Bureau of Labor Statistics suggests that occupations in engineering are on a steady incline, growing about as fast as the average for all employment categories in the United States. Pay for these positions is much higher than average, however. The median annual wage for all architectural and engineering jobs is $77,900, more than double the average for all occupations. An online master's in engineering program like the ones examined in this ranking can provide engineering students with a convenient and affordable way to advance their credentials in this promising field. For more general information regarding distance learning see our ranking of the top online colleges.
Rating and Ranking Methodology
Tuition Points:
Under $20,000—1 point
Under $15,000—2 points
Under $5,000—4 points
US News and World Report Recognition as a Top Online School for Master's Engineering Programs
Top 10— 4 points
Top 75 —1 point
Format Customizations (e.g. Hybrid/Online, Full-time/Part-Time, Accelerated, Degree Completion, etc.)—1 Point Per Customization Option
Content Customizations (e.g. Minors, Concentrations, Specializations, etc.)—1 Point Per Customization Option (5-point cap)
1 point awarded for each unique feature or program that "wowed" us
Ranking the Top Master's in Engineering Degrees Online
To identify the best online masters engineering programs available today, our editors examined the 41 accredited programs offering an engineering degree online for less than $900 per credit hour. To narrow the pool, we applied the rating and ranking methodology above, using information from College Navigator as well as from each school's website. In cases of a tie, the more affordable schools were given the higher ranking.
#25 –Clemson University
Online Master of Industrial Engineering
The master's in engineering online program from Clemson University is a Master of Engineering in Industrial Engineering designed for working professionals. The curriculum for the program is prescribed and features 10, 3-credit hour courses such as Foundations of Supply Chain and Logistics, Descriptive Analytics, Business Fundamentals for Supply Chain Management, and Foundations of Quality. The program is asynchronous, meaning students can complete their coursework at their convenience. A capstone design project is also required for this online master's in engineering option.
In-State Tuition: $8,826
#24 –Oregon State University
Online Master of Engineering in Industrial Engineering: Engineering Management
The master's in engineering online option from Oregon State University is a Master of Engineering in Industrial Engineering with a specialization in Engineering Management. The program is designed for STEM professionals and consists of required courses such as Project Management in Engineering, Advanced Engineering Economic Analysis, and Operations Management. Students also have the option of taking elective classes like Lean Manufacturing Systems, Product Development, and Legal Aspects of Engineering and Engineering Management. This 45-credit hour online master's in engineering management program can be completed within two years. A hybrid option is also available.
In-State Tuition: $12,150
#23 –University of Wisconsin- Stout
Online MS in Engineering: Manufacturing Engineering
The master's in engineering online offering from the University of Wisconsin-Stout is a Master of Science in Manufacturing Engineering. Coursework for the program can be completed entirely online or via a hybrid format. Enrolled students will take 15 credit hours of core courses such as Six Sigma Quality Improvement Methods, Manufacturing System Design and Simulation, and Planned Experiment for Quality Improvement. Elective classes include titles such as Emerging Manufacturing Materials, Polymer Engineering, Lean Enterprise, and Reliability Engineering. An independent study is also required before students can earn their engineering master's degrees online.
#22 –University of Louisville
Online Master's in Engineering
The University of Louisville offers two online masters engineering programs from its J.B. Speed School of Engineering. The 30-credit hour Master of Science in Civil Engineering is an accelerated program that can be completed in just three intensive semesters. Courses comprising the curriculum for this program include Traffic Engineering, GPS Theory and Application, Airport Planning and Design, and Building Information Modeling. The Master of Engineering in Engineering Management offering, on the other hand, takes two years to complete and features courses such as Engineering Financial Management, Decision and Risk Analysis, Intellectual Property Law for Engineers, and Effective Leadership.
#21 –Ohio State University
MS in Engineering Online: Welding Engineering
The master of science in engineering online program from Ohio State University is a Master of Science in Welding Engineering offered through the Department of Materials Science and Engineering. Courses comprising the curriculum for the program include Physical Principles of Welding Processes, Resistance Welding Processes, Engineering Analysis for Design and Simulation, and Computational Analysis of Welding Processes and Welding Materials. In addition to this online master's in engineering program, a non-degree track is also available for those students who desire a certificate in welding engineering.
#20 –Ohio University
Online MS in Engineering
Ohio University offers a fully online master's in engineering management designed to be completed in five semesters or less. The curriculum for the program is prescribed and includes course titles such as Foundations of Engineering Management, Database Information Systems, Principles of Six Sigma, Statistics for Engineering Management, and Information Systems Engineering, for example. No GMAT or GRE is required for students to begin pursuing their engineering online masters degrees.
#19 –University of Nebraska- Lincoln
Online Master of Science in Engineering Management
The University of Nebraska-Lincoln offers a 30-credit hour non-thesis online master's in engineering management through a collaboration of its College of Engineering and College of Business Administration. This offering includes an optional specialization in construction engineering management. The curriculum includes three required engineering management courses, including Analysis of Engineering Management I and II and Decision and Risk Analysis, as well as three MBA courses such as Introduction to Business Strategy, Business Analytics, Strategic Management and Business Policy, and Applied Organizational Behavior. Elective classes include Reliability Engineering, Applied Statistics and Quality Control, and Determinants of Occupational Performance, for example. Students are required to select a minor to complement their engineering master's degrees online.
#18 –University of Cincinnati
Online Master of Engineering
The University of Cincinnati offers two fully online masters engineering programs: a Master's in Engineering in Electrical Engineering and a Master's in Engineering in Mechanical Engineering. Both programs are accelerated options that can be completed in just 18 months. The electrical engineering program prepares students for top positions in software engineering, hardware engineering, system designers, electronics engineers, and research scientists. Courses include Trustworthy Embedded Systems, Effectiveness in Technical Organizations, and Electromagnetic Energy Conversion. The mechanical engineering program is a professional program for practicing engineers and includes courses such as Lean Six Sigma, Supply Chain Management, Design for Manufacturability and Assembly, and Intelligent Systems Theory. Both engineering master's programs online require a final capstone project.
#17 –University of Tennessee- Chattanooga
The University of Tennessee-Chattanooga offers one of the more targeted online master's programs in engineering in our ranking: an online master of science degree in engineering management with an optional concentration in Construction Management. Core courses comprising the curriculum for this 33-credit hour program include Strategic Management and Technology, Technology Project Management, and Advanced Engineering Economy. Construction management students will also take classes like Sustainability and LEED, Design and Construction of Tall Buildings, and Strategic Bidding and Estimating. Course delivery for this online master's in engineering option blends both synchronous and asynchronous elements.
#16 –California State University- Fullerton
Online Master of Science in Environmental Engineering
California State University-Fullerton's online master's in engineering program is a Master of Science in Environmental Engineering offered through the school's College of Engineering and Computer Science and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering. Topics studied include global warming, water reclamation and reuse, air pollution control, remediation of contaminated groundwater and soil, and potable water treatment. This offering is a two-year, cohort program comprised of four 16-week semesters and one 8-week summer session. Students who complete their online master's degrees in engineering will be prepared to sit for the professional engineering exam in environmental engineering.
#15 –Colorado Technical University
Colorado Technical University offers three top MS programs in engineering online: a Master of Science in Systems Engineering, a Master of Science in Computer Engineering, and a Master of Science in Computer Science with concentrations in Cybersecurity Engineering and Software Engineering. Each 48-credit hour program provides students with a comprehensive engineering education in their desired subfield. Courses may include titles like Modern Operating Systems, Schedule and Cost Control Techniques, Digital Forensics, and Software Systems Engineering Processes. Course content is delivered asynchronously, and students have mobile access to study materials for added convenience. CTU's online masters' in engineering students also have the opportunity to participate in online learning communities across social media channels.
#14 –Florida International University
Florida International University offers two distinct MS degrees in engineering online options: a MS in Engineering Management and a MS in Computer Engineering: Network Security. The online master's in engineering management option is a 30 credit hour program with a specialty track in Systems Engineering. Course titles include Advanced Engineering Economy, Logistics Engineering, Total Quality Management, and Marketing Management. The MS in Computer Engineering with a specialty in Network Security is an accelerated 10-month program featuring classes like Advanced Malware Reverse Engineering, Random Signal Principles, Computer Communication Networks, and Advanced Digital Forensics. Students who complete their MS programs in engineering online will be prepared to sit for professional certification exams such as Network+, Security+, and Certified Ethical Hacker.
#13 –University of Arkansas
Master's in Engineering Online
The online master's in engineering offering from the University of Arkansas is a comprehensive 30-credit hour program that covers all areas of engineering, including bioengineering, civil engineering, chemical engineering, transportation engineering, and operations management, for instance. Sample courses include Environmental Engineering Design, Finite Element Methods in Civil Engineering, Power Systems Analysis, and Introduction to Analytics for Engineering Managers. This is one of the more accelerated online master's in engineering programs, enabling students to complete their coursework in just 1 ½ years. The University of Arkansas is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission to award this degree.
#12 –New Mexico State University
New Mexico State University's College of Engineering offers two engineering online masters programs: a Master of Science in Industrial Engineering and a Master of Science in Electrical Engineering. The Industrial Engineering option features a technical project option or coursework only option. Sample course titles include Facilities Planning and Design, Survey of Operations Research, Manufacturing Economic Analysis, and Advanced Engineering Economy. The MS in Electrical Engineering is affiliated with the school's renowned Klipsch School of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Both of these top online MS programs in engineering require an on-campus final oral master's examination.
#11 –University of Illinois- Chicago
Home to one of the more versatile engineering master's programs online, the University of Illinois-Chicago offers students a generalized track as well as five specialization options: Bioinformatics, Chemical Engineering, Circuits & Electronics, Communications, and Computer Science & Engineering. Students enrolled in the program are required to take two courses: Engineering Law and Engineering Management. Additional courses include Computational Genomics, Renewable Energy Technologies, Wireless Communication Networks, and Object-Oriented Programming, for example. Coursework is completed asynchronously and fully online with the exception of exams, which are proctored at approved locations across the country. This online master's in engineering program is approved by the Illinois Board of Higher Education.
#10 –Texas A&M College Station
Texas A&M University-College Station offers a dozen different master's in engineering online programs through its College of Engineering and its distance education program. Standout programs include master's in engineering degrees in aerospace engineering, mechanical engineering, computer engineering, and electrical engineering as well as Master of Science options in Energy, Safety Engineering, and Engineering Systems Management. A Master Of Engineering Technology (MET) in Technology Management is also available. Many of TAM's online masters engineering programs offer both thesis and non-thesis options. It is important to note that some on-campus visits such as residencies, for example, may be required.
#9 –Texas A&M University- Kingsville
Online Master of Science in Industrial Engineering
The top online master's in engineering offering from Texas A&M University- Kingsville 's Frank H. Dotterweich College of Engineering and the Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering is a MS in Industrial Engineering offering. The program can be completed on a part-time or full-time basis and includes both a thesis and coursework-only track. Core courses comprising the curriculum for the program include Lean Manufacturing, Principles of Organization, Supply Chain Management, and Computational Applications of Statistical Methods in Engineering. Students may also earn an Engineering Project Management Professional Certificate while pursuing their master's in engineering degrees online.
#8 –University of California- Riverside
The University of California-Riverside offers a 36-credit hour accelerated online master's in engineering program that can be completed in as few as 13 months. The program features six areas of specialization: Bioengineering, Electrical Engineering, Data Science, Environmental Engineering Systems, Mechanical Engineering, and Materials at the Nanoscale. Core courses comprising the curriculum for the program include Engineering in the Global Environment, Technological Innovation and Strategy for Engineers, Introduction to Systems Engineering, and Principles of Engineering Management. Depending on the concentration they choose, students may also take classes like Sustainable Product Design, Introduction to Smart Grids, Physical and Chemical Separation Processes, and Cellular and Molecular Engineering. A capstone course is also required in order for students to complete their engineering master's programs online.
#7 –Mississippi State University
Mississippi State University offers a unique interdisciplinary online master's in engineering program through its James Worth Bagley College of Engineering. There is no core requirement for the program. Instead, students choose courses from a long list of offerings in various sub-disciplines of engineering to customize their own individualized curriculum. Sample course titles include Advanced Computational Aerodynamics, Engineering Environmental Systems, Sedimentation Engineering, Engineering Administration, and Engineering Law and Ethics, for example. MSU's master's in engineering online students are held to the same rigorous standards as on-campus students.
#6 –Texas Tech University
MS in Engineering Online
Texas Tech University offers an online master's in engineering program through its Edward J. Whitacre Jr. College of Engineering that is designed for practicing engineers. This versatile offering is an interdisciplinary, non-thesis option that can be completed on a part-time or full-time basis. The curriculum is flexible as well, featuring several different tracks and allowing for self-designed specializations as well. Texas Tech's students must take and pass a comprehensive final exam prior to graduation from the program. This is one of the best options for students looking for cheap online master's engineering programs.
#5 –Oklahoma State University
Online Master of Science in Engineering
Oklahoma State University offers four distinct engineering master's programs online through its Engineering Distance Education program: a MS in Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECEN), a MS in Engineering and Technology Management (ETM), a MS in Engineering Technology: Fire Safety and Explosion Protection, and a MS in Industrial Engineering and Management (IEM). Sample courses comprising the curriculum for these online graduate engineering programs include titles like Engineering Design with CAD, Introduction to Microcomputer Programming, Cost Control and Analysis for Engineering and Technology Professionals, and Principles of Industrial and Process Safety. Students can opt to complete the coursework for their master's in engineering online programs either synchronously or asynchronously.
#4 –University of Florida
The University of Florida offers several different master's in engineering online programs through its UF EDGE (Electronic Delivery of Gator Engineering) Program. These degrees are available through seven of the school's engineering departments, including the departments of Civil and Coastal Engineering, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Environmental Engineering Sciences, and Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering. Each program consists of ten 3-credit hour classes and can be completed in as few as 24 months. Master's in engineering online graduates will receive the same diploma as their on-campus counterparts.
#3 –University of Alabama
The master of engineering online program at the University of Alabama offers two fully online degree programs in engineering: a MS in Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics and a MS in Mechanical Engineering. The MS in Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics program is a 30-credit hour program that features both thesis and non-thesis options. To complete the program, students will take core courses such as Orbital Mechanics, Intermediate Fluid Mechanics, Advanced Dynamics of Flight, and Continuum Mechanics. The online MS in Mechanical Engineering is a highly flexible non-thesis program that offers students nearly two dozen focus options, including Smart Manufacturing, Heat Transfer, Vibrations, and Combustion, for example. These engineering master's programs online mirror their on-campus counterparts.
#2 –Kennesaw State University
Kennesaw State University offers six different master's in engineering online programs through the university's Southern Polytechnic College of Engineering and Engineering Technology: a Master of Science in Applied Engineering: Electrical Engineering, a Master of Science in Civil Engineering, a Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering, a Master of Science in Engineering Management, a Master of Science in Quality Assurance, and a Master of Science in Systems Engineering. Coursework is delivered primarily asynchronously, and the curriculum is the same as that of on-campus offerings. KSU is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS).
#1 –Kansas State University
Kansas State University's College of Engineering offers nine master of engineering online degrees in engineering sub-fields such as civil engineering, software engineering, chemical engineering, industrial engineering, and engineering management, for example. Specific course titles include Economics of Design and Construction, Systems Engineering Fundamentals, Engineering Entrepreneurship, and Methods of Operations Research. Graduate certificates in transportation engineering and data analytics are also available as is a stand-alone minor in nuclear engineering.
This concludes our ranking of the top online master's in engineering programs. Thanks for checking it out!
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10 Movies Of Chris Hemsworth you should Watch This Lockdown
Chistopher Hemsworth popularly known as Chris Hemsworth born August 11, 1983. He is an Australian actor.He first rose to prominence in Australia playing Kim Hyde in the Australian television series Home and Away before beginning a film career in Hollywood in 2002. Chris is mostly known for the Marvel Movies The Avengers and Thor were he cast in both as Thor. Chris is married to Hollywood actress Elsa Pataky (2010). So in this article we want to list out the top 10 best movies from Chris Hemsworth, which are
2 years ago ago
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We all know the Marvel universe as the best selling movie franchise in the world. As much as we love to see them in action with their made up spouses, they have real lives and real families. Her are some of our favourite actors and actresses in the marvel universe and their partners. 1. Chris Hemsworth (Thor) and Elsa Pataky. (Married) Chris and his beautiful wife, Elsa are happily married with 3 kids. 2. Robert Downey Jr. (Tony stark) and Susan Levin. (married) We all know how Robert life was difficult at
See beautiful pictures of Hollywood star, Chris Hemsworth with his wife and children
Chris Hemsworth is an Australian actor born on the 11 of August, 1983 . Chris rose to prominence in Australia playing the role of Kim Hyde in the Australian Television Series Home and Away, before starting a filming career in Hollywood. He's best known for playing the role of Thor in Marvel Cinematic Universe films beginning with Thor in 2011 and appearing most recently in Avengers endgame in 2019. Chris Hemsworth is married to Elsa Pataky and they're blessed with 3 children. Chris Hemsworth and Elsa Pataky
Chris Hemsworth Shares Wife's Beast Mode With Intense Workout
Those of you who have followed Chris Hemsworth for a while know that aside from 'Extraction' and his role as Thor in Marvel series, he is also a workout beast. During this pandemic, Chris has been promoting his workout sessions to help people stay at home. But you might not know is that his wife is also a workout beast! Chris recently posted a video of his wife totally slaying it with a one-hand push-up, her coach, Ross Edgley, beside her. Elsa Pataky, Chris' Spanish wife of 10 years, was on a hardcore
Hollywood Or Nollywood: Who Is More Handsome Between Chris Hemsworth And Timini Egbuson
Christopher Hemsworth is an Australian actor born on the 11th of august 1983. Hemsworth is known for his role in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films as Thor. This role established him as one of the highest paid actors in the world. Hemsworth began dating spanish actress Elsa Pataky in early 2010 and they tied the knots December 2010. Together they have three children. Hemsworth is one of the highest earning actors in the world with an estimated earning of 76.4 million dollars. Hemsworth is also known for his
Adorable Photos Of Chris Hemsworth And Beautiful Wife, Elsa Pataky Serving Relationship Goals
Hollywood actor and actress, Chris Hemsworth and wife, Elsa Pataky have the kind of romance that many of us can only dream about. The duo has been married for ten years after three-month romance and has beaten all the odds by staying in love. Spanish model, Elsa pataky started dating Australian actor, Chris Hemsworth in early 2010.
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Latest Update About Christopher Hemsworth And His Wife Elsa Pataky.
Christopher Hemsworth is a popular actor and one of the highest paid Hollywood actors.He's married to Elsa Pataky, a Spanish model and actress and they have 3 kids together. Chris Hemsworth and Elsa Pataky are starring in a content serries for swisse wellness, released as part of the brandd 50th anniversary. Christopher Hemsworth first rose to prominence in Australia playing Kim Hyde in the Australian television series 'Home And Away' (2004-2007) before beginning a film career in Hollywood. Hemsworth's late


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And he may have some more 'splainin' to do.
hikes last fall at his eastern Montana ranch.
But she continued to tell Joe that she and Letterman had a platonic relationship and she was his "best friend."
Halderman exploded when he read Birkitt's diary in December, the Post's sources said.
We have a feeling there will be even more sordid details to emerge.
According to our New York sources, Letterman's longtime affairs with staffers were common knowledge in the TV and media world.
Makes you feel a bit sorry for Joe Halderman, doesn't it?
Nothing like being cuckolded by a rich and famous celebrity to get your dander up. We're not saying extortion is the way to go.
But we can certainly understand his anger. Can you?
Woman involved in extortion plot is embarrassed.
David tries to defend bad jokes. Does he succeed?
Was David too easy on Beyonce?
David Letterman (finally) gets hitched to longtime girlfriend.
Photo: Dariya Fadeeva and Joe Halderman at the premiere of "Three Days in September." Credit: WireImage.
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The Youth > Uncategorized > Indian origin Priti Patel becomes Britain's Home Secretary, she says PM Modi is my idol
Indian origin Priti Patel becomes Britain's Home Secretary, she says PM Modi is my idol
Posted by By Sagar Abhinandan July 25, 2019
An Indian-origin British politician by the name of Priti Patel has been roped in as Britain's home secretary as a part of UK's new Prime Minister Boris Johnson's top team.
This means Priti Patel replaces Pakistani-origin Sajid Javid who has been recruited as the Chancellor of the Treasury Department. It should be noted that Sajid Javid is the first ethnic minority Chancellor of the Treasury Department.
Credits: IndiaTimes via Reuters photo
For the unversed, Priti Patel is one among the important guests at all major Indian diaspora events in the UK. She is also widely seen as a massive supporter of PM Narendra Modi in the UK.
After being appointed as Britain's home secretary, Priti Patel promised to give absolutely everything in her power to keep country and people safe and secure. She also went on to add saying that she would battle crime happening in today's world.
Patel is looking forward to facing all the hurdles and challenges ahead.
"I will do everything in my power to keep our country safe, our people secure, and also to fight the scourge of crime that we see on our streets. I look forward to the challenges that now lie ahead," Priti Patel told news agency PTI.
Priti Patel has been one of most vocal critics of Theresa May's Brexit plan including being a significant member of the "Back Boris" campaign for the Conservative party.
"It is important that the cabinet should represent modern Britain as well as a modern Conservative Party," Priti Patel added just hours before her appointment was announced on Wednesday.
The 47-year-old Priti Patel who is a Gujarati-origin politician was first elected as the Conservative Party MP in the year 2010 for Witham in Essex. The interesting part was that she gained popularity and fame from the David Cameroon-led Tory government as former PM Cameroon's Indian Diaspora Champion.
In the year 2014, she managed junior ministerial posts, treasury minister in 2014 and then her journey started as employment minister in 2015 post the general election.
Two years later, Theresa May grew from strength to strength and then promoted her to the position of secretary of the state in the Department for International Development (DfID). Later, she was forced to resign from the reputed post that she held in 2017.
"With Boris Johnson leading the Conservative Party and as prime minister, the United Kingdom will have a leader who believes in Britain, will implement a new vision for the future of the country and a roadmap to move forward and thrive as a self-governing nation that re-establishes our ties with our friends and allies around the world such as India," Patel added after Boris Johnson's landslide victory in the Tory leadership contest that happened earlier this week.
"He is committed to securing a new and improved trading relationship with our friends in India and ensuring that the values we share — the rule of law, democracy, and dynamic entrepreneurial spirit — should be at the heart of one of our most important partners on the global stage," said Patel.
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All items tagged with Measuring (34)
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September 1, 1995 by Edwin Chicken
RF tone-dip oscillator
Use this handy instrument to check out the resonance frequency of those unknown or home-brew inductor / capacitor combinations, or as a simple RF signal generator. It works like magic, without any sort of wire connection to the circuit under test, and, remarkably, uses an audible 'tone-dip' indication instead of the traditional moving coil meter.
September 1, 1995 by K. Walraven
Mains measuring aid
The mains voltage level is dangerous, and possibly lethal to touch, so that extreme caution is required whenever you work on wiring or components connected to the mains. None the less, it is sometimes required to investigate the shape of the mains voltage using an oscilloscope, for instance, if you want to measure the mains current consumption of a device, or establish the degree of mains pollution caused by a certain load. The circuit described here reduces the risks of connecting an oscilloscope input to the mains to a minimum.
July 1, 1995 by U. Werner
Liquid-level gauge
Since measuring liquids with a direct voltage quickly leads to catalysis effects and corrosion, the gauge uses a rectangular voltage. The gauge is intended primarily for measuring the level in a rainwater reservoir, but can, of course, also be used for measuring other kinds of liquid. In the prototype, eight sensors in the reservoir were used. Placing these sensors at well-thought-out locations will minimize any errors in the measurements.
December 1, 1993 by F. Hueber
RMS AF voltmeter
Since measuring alternating voltages and currents is not a straightforward matter, it is not to be wondered at that errors occur frequently. Non-sinusoidal measurands (quantities to be measured) in particular demand a fair knowledge and experience from the test engineer/technician. Most of the difficulties are caused by the fact that measuring instruments invariably only have a simple rectifier at their input. This is reasonably all right at very low frequencies, but even then, it does not take account of the shape of the measurand. Alternating voltages can be measured accurately only by a true-r.m.s. voltmeter, which unfortunately is a fairlyexpensive instrument. The instrument desribed in this article offers a viable and inexpensive alternative.
September 1, 1992 by Elektor Team
Audio/video processor (4):
The audio-video processor is constructed on four printed circuit boards: potmeter board, measuring 314.5x159.5 mm, mother board, measuring 330x198 mm, intermediate board, 232x198 mm and the switches board, 145x35 mm.
September 1, 1992 by J. Ruiters
Current-sense MOSFETs
Measuring a current without affecting the circuit in which that current is flowing is an ideal test method. Current-sense power MOSFETs are available nowadays that, with the aid of additional internal connections and output pins, enable that ideal to be approached. In these devices, a separate circuit is created in which a small current flows that is directly proportional to the much larger current flowing through the FET proper.
July 1, 1991 by P. Essek
Measuring electrolytic capacitors
Most capacitance meters have no facility for measuring large electrolytic capacitors. The circuit described here makes it possible for such capacitors to be measured with same degree of accuracy inspite of the large tolerances these components normally have.
April 1, 1991 by L. Lemon
Wattmeter
It is an unfortunate but well-known fact that measuring the active power of a mains-powered apparatus can be quite tricky. While non-reactive loads such as bulbs are mostly plain sailing, appliances that present inductive or capacitive loads force us to brush up our knowledge of waveform theory. Unless ...
December 1, 1990 by K. Walters
There are many tirnes that a designer needs to know the value of the internal resistance of a battery. There are quite a few testers that give a relative indication of the value, but this is seldom in ohms. The present tester can, in principle, provide that information.
December 1, 1990 by A. Rigby
Milliohmmeter
As you are probably aware, measuring small resistance values is difficult, if not impossible, with conventlonal digital and analogue multimeters. While only a few of these instruments have a 1-Ω range with limited practical use, the meter presented here allows very small resistances in the range from 10 mΩ to 5 Ω to be measured reliably.
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The new speedway aero-kit package for the Verizon IndyCar Series is under scrutiny following the trio of mishaps, but Castroneves, who finished second in the 500 to Ryan Hunter-Reay in a thrilling finish in 2014, isn't fazed.
"I'm confident, I'm comfortable – you guys just got to believe it because I believe it," Castroneves said after being questioned for the umpteenth time if he was worried about climbing into the cockpit on Sunday in the "Greatest Spectacle in Racing."
Castroneves didn't say he had erased the incident of hurtling down the track wrong side up from his mind, just that he has dealt with it and moved on.
"It's just natural to think about it, you can't forget it," admitted Castroneves, who will start fifth in Sunday's race for Roger Penske. "But I'm thinking about what strategy I'm going to use in the race a whole lot more. I'm consumed with that."
Castroneves isn't blaming anyone for the crash, which has Chevrolet and Honda engineers scampering about looking at the possible cause.
"I pushed it to the limit (and) went over the limit without knowing it," said Castroneves, who'll travel to the Motor City after the 500 to compete in next weekend's Chevrolet Detroit Belle Isle Grand Prix duals. "I don't think it's the aero kit that is making the car fly – it's a combination of other things, in my opinion. I'm not an engineer of course."
Castroneves is an exceptional race car driver, who went within a whisker last year of joining A.J. Foyt, Al Unser Sr. and Rick Mears as the only four-time winners of the Indianapolis 500.
Hunter-Reay's bold pass in Turn 3 on the last lap of the race last year thwarted Castroneves bid.
It hasn't weakened his spirit.
Asked what he might feel like if he can win on Sunday, Castroneves broke into a smile.
"That will be answered after the race," he grinned. "You can only imagine, only speculate … about it.
"When I do that, I don't think words will be enough. I hope I'll be able to answer you after the race about how I feel."
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