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Where are we, what still needs to be done? Stevan Harnad on the state of Open Access
The interview below is the second in a series exploring the current state of Open Access (OA) and what the priorities ought to be going forward. It is with self-styled archivangelist Stevan Harnad, who is currently Canada Research Chair in cognitive science at Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM) and professor of web science at the University of Southampton.
In 1994 Harnad posted an online message calling on all researchers to archive their papers on the Internet in order to make them freely accessible to their peers — a strategy that later became known as Green Open Access, or self-archiving. The message — which Harnad headed "The Subversive Proposal" — initiated a series of online exchanges, many of which were subsequently collected and published as a book in 1995.
Harnad was also one of the small group of people who attended the 2001 Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI). It was in Budapest that the term Open Access was coined, and a definition first agreed upon.
The first interview in this series was with palaeontologist and computer programmer Mike Taylor, and can be read here.
Stevan Harnad
Q: What in your view have been the major achievements of the OA movement since you posted the Subversive Proposal on a mailing list in 1994?
A: The creation of institutional OA repositories and the adoption of mandates by institutions and funders to deposit in them — the Liège model mandate especially, and, if it is adopted, the proposed HEFCE/REF mandate.
A: Growth of mandates is still too slow, and it is still too often not the most effective mandate (Liège/HEFCE) that is adopted. (The Finch Committee recommendation to downgrade Green OA self-archiving and finance Gold OA fee payment also set things back, in the UK at least. Disappointing because the UK had been in the worldwide lead previously, on OA.)
Repeated setbacks have also come — and are still coming — from "Gold Fever" (the mistaken notion that OA means Gold OA publishing, and that the goal of OA is not OA, but OA publishing, because Green OA is not "real" OA, or not OA enough) and from "Rights Rapture" (the mistaken impression that "Gratis OA" — free online access — is not important enough to focus on getting OA first: we must have "Libre OA" — free online access plus various re-use/re-mix-re-publication rights — at all costs, even if the cost is not having Gratis OA till we can get Libre OA).
Gold Fever and Rights Rapture have both been holding us back from OA in exactly the same way: They have held us back from grasping the Gratis, Green OA that is already fully within reach of mandates, and kept us over-reaching instead for still more, which is still beyond our grasp. Worst of all: (1) Neither Gold OA nor Libre OA are urgently needed today (the latter perhaps only by a few specialty fields) whereas Gratis OA has been urgently needed by all for decades. (2) And if only the Gold OA and Libre OA enthusiasts could set aside their impatience long enough to let 100% Green Gratis OA prevail thanks to mandates, they would have their Gold and Libre OA more quickly and surely that way then if they keep on over-reaching for it pre-emptively now, at the expense of Green Gratis OA.
A: Green OA should be effectively and globally mandated by institutions and funders worldwide first, rather than pre-emptively double-paying (essential subscription journals + Gold OA fees) for today's vastly over-priced Gold (and even allowing hybrid Gold publishers to double-dip). In my view, all that pre-emptive Gold today is Fools Gold.
Only after Green OA has prevailed worldwide and thus made it possible for institutions to cancel subscriptions should (a fraction of) the institutional subscription savings be used to pay (not double-pay) for the much lower-priced, affordable, sustainable Fair Gold that universally mandating Green will have made possible:
Universal Green makes all articles OA, thereby making subscriptions unsustainable, forcing publishers to cut needless costs and downsize to managing peer review alone. No more demand for a print edition. No more demand for an online edition. All access-provision and archiving offloaded onto the global network of institutional OA repositories.
A: A waste of money (and time). Subscription journals price their hybrid OA in such a way as to keep their total subscription + Gold OA revenue constant (or increasing, if they double-dip). If we bought into this, it would protect them from ever having to do the downsizing that would be by far the cheapest and best for research, researchers, their institutions, their funders, and the public that funds the research.
Hybrid Gold is double-paid, over-priced, unnecessary and potentially also double-dipped Fools-Gold. It delays reaching 100% OA by holding it hostage to publishers' current revenue streams.
You didn't ask about publishers' embargoes on Green OA, but it's time that everyone understood that those embargoes (now gratuitously given new gravitas by Finch/RCUK's folly) — far from being natural or necessary in order to prevent catastrophic collapse of journal publishing and peer review, as publishers keep pretending, in performances worthy of Chicken Little — are in reality publishers' ploy to keep holding research-access hostage to publishers' prevailing revenue streams for as long as possible, and to prevent online publishing from evolving naturally to the post-Green Fair Gold, that the online medium itself has made possible.
A: Compared to where it might have reached since the early 1990's, OA's current state is needlessly, shamefully retarded, worldwide. But the transition to the optimal and inevitable seems to be accelerating, at long last.
The UK, which has led with both institutional and funder mandates since the early 2000's, was soon joined by the EU and the US (especially the Harvard and OSTP mandates). Last year, the UK lost its lead with the Finch fiasco and the RCUK ruckus, but HEFCE/REF may now be remedying that. Australia and Canada have been coming along too. Asia has been slow to awaken, despite some hopeful signs from India, Indonesia and China.
Once the funder mandates are adopted, optimized and effectively implemented worldwide, the next really big wave will come from the slumbering giant of OA, the institutions (universities and research institutes worldwide), for they are the universal providers of all research output, funded and unfunded, across all disciplines. Once they are up to speed too, we will have the 100% OA we could (and should) have had two decades ago.
A: Research funders all need to mandate (require) that the final, refereed, accepted draft of every journal article must be deposited in the fundee's institutional repository immediately upon acceptance for publication (whether or not access to the article is made immediately OA) as a condition for research funding. Publisher embargoes on making access to the deposit OA, if allowed at all, should not be allowed to be longer than six months — and during any OA embargo, the repository's eprint request Button should be implemented to provide individual copies to users who request them.
Funder mandates should on no account require institution-external deposit. Metadata (or full-text) can be automatically harvested, imported or exported where needed. Institutional deposit engages institutions in monitoring and ensuring timely compliance with funder mandates, and it also gives institutions a strong incentive to adopt complementary institutional mandates of their own, for all their research output not covered by funder mandates. Institutions and funders should also designate repository deposit as the sole mechanism for submitting publications for institutional performance review or national research assessment, as in the Liège model and the proposed HEFCE/REF model.
A: The creation of institutional OA repositories and the adoption of mandates by institutions and funders to deposit in them – the Liège model and HEFCE/REF models.
A: Exactly the same thing it offers the developed world — maximal research access, uptake, usage, applications, impact, productivity and progress — except that the Have-Not nations need it all the more desperately.
Let us not forget, though, that there are plenty of Have-Not institutions in the developed world too — and that even the Harvards cannot afford access to all the journals their users mi ght need; nor does the research output of Harvard authors reach all of its potential users, in either the developing or the developed world.
OA is win-win for the entire global research community.
A: I've long exhausted my expectations across the past two and a half decades; all I have left is the hope that the worldwide research community will at long last come to its senses and realize that 100% OA is (and has been) fully within their reach, so all they need do is grasp it.
A: Yes, I do think it will be much cheaper, because it will just be the cost of managing peer review. Researchers do all the rest for free already. Journals will continue to manage the peer review, but the costs of print and PDF will be gone, and the costs of access-provision and archiving will have been offloaded onto the distributed network of institutional OA repositories. (And peer review, being a service, not a product, will be provided and paid for per round of review, regardless of outcome — acceptance, revision or rejection — instead of wrapping the cost of rejected articles into the price of accepted articles.)
But I have to remind everyone that OA means Open Access. It is about refereed research access, not about journal affordability. The accessibility problem and the affordability problem, though not entirely unconnected, are not the same problem. So once we reach 100% Green OA, my OA work is done. I am confident it will soon lead to a transition to Fair-Gold OA, copyright reform, publishing reform, Libre OA and all the re-use rights users need and authors wish to provide. But OA is OA, even if universal Green does not make subscriptions unsustainable — it will just make affordability no longer a life or death issue for institutions and their researchers.
But first the research community needs to grasp what is already within its reach: The creation of institutional OA repositories and the adoption of mandates by institutions and funders to deposit in them — the Liège model and HEFCE/REF models.
A longer 2007 interview with Stevan Harnad can be read here.
This and the Mike Taylor piece yesterday aren't 'interviews', they're puff pieces free of the critical analysis of your other (real) interviews. Balance please.
Thanks for the comment. I am hoping that I can get other people with different views to contribute as well, including publishers.
As it happens, this anonymous message appears to have been posted by someone who works for a large scholarly publisher. Why not step into the limelight and answer 10 questions yourself?
After all, some would argue that a complete picture of the current situation can only be properly arrived at if everyone joins the debate and diversity of opinion is achieved. Let everyone have their own puff piece I say.
I should add that publishers often ask me why most of my interviews are with OA advocates and not publishers. The answer is that when I invite publishers to do interviews they are generally reluctant. When they do agree, they usually want to talk about their products, not about the issues, which makes for a far less interesting interview.
Dear anonymous large-publisher employee,
It's strange that you would complain about lack of balance when the two interviews in this series so far seem to disagree on virtually every detail of how to proceed towards OA.
Unless by "balance" you mean you want to hear an anti-OA voice. But it would take courage for anyone who was anti-OA to step forward and make his or her opinions public.
+1 for @MikeTaylor. In these interviews Richard asked for opinions - e.g. "what have been the majr disappointments"? This can only be subjective.
Stevan Harnad says "(1) Neither Gold OA nor Libre OA are urgently needed today (the latter perhaps only by a few specialty fields)". For me as a practising scientist full rights of re-use are critical. Stevan regards this as marginal and that I should sacrifice this for the greater good of 100% Green OA - and only then should we address rights.
This are sociopolitical views - we differ strongly and absolutely. Stevan has promoted Green-over rights for at least 5 years. I am equally strongly insisting on rights as fundamental. Given Stevan's consistent adherence to his views (after he diverged from full BOAI compliance) I don't expect to convert him - I and associates am aiming to influence others that rights (such as CC-BY/0) really matter.
I shall be blogging on Mike's points (which I think are completely compatible with my own views) but which need expanding at http://blogs.ch.cam.ac.uk/pmr/2013/07/02/mike-taylors-brilliant-analysis-of-openaccess/ and following.
Peter Murray-Rust said...
"Unknown" in last comment is Peter Murray-Rust - the wordpress login dropped my credentials
Practical Priorities
(Actually I've been archivangelizing for Gratis Green OA (free online access) for over 20 years. But Peter and I go back about 8.)
@Peter Murray-Rust: "For me as a practising scientist full rights of re-use are critical. Stevan regards this as marginal and that I should sacrifice this for the greater good of 100% Green OA - and only then should we address rights… I and associates am [sic] aiming to influence others that rights (such as CC-BY/0) really matter."
Peter is of course entitled and welcome to try to influence others that Libre OA (i.e., free online access + re-use rights) really matters. But I think he is rather overstating the case when he says "as a practising scientist" that re-use rights are "critical":
I don't doubt that in Peter's field (crystallography) they are critical.
But in all fields of science and scholarship?
And more critical or urgent than online access to research for all users, rather than just subscribers?
Because the fact is that Libre OA is a good deal harder to get than Gratis OA; and that Gratis OA is part of Libre OA. And athat fter 20 years we don't yet have Gratis OA.
Gratis OA can be mandated (by institutions and funders), because all authors want to provide it (even if they daren't do so unless mandated) and all users need it.
Libre OA cannot be mandated, because not all authors want to provide it; nor do all users need it.
But since Gratis OA is a necessary component of Libre OA, it is likely that the surest and fastest way to get all the Libre OA that users need and that authors want to provide is by mandating Gratis OA first.
Peter is free to find a surer and faster way, if he knows one. I don't.
Stevan Harnad - "Because the fact is that Libre OA is a good deal harder to get than Gratis OA; and that Gratis OA is part of Libre OA. And athat fter 20 years we don't yet have Gratis OA."
Hardly. It is easier to get [Libre] OA, than public [free] access - providing you are prepared to pay for it.
"Gratis OA can be mandated (by institutions and funders), because all authors want to provide it (even if they daren't do so unless mandated) and all users need it."
Technically, you can issue any mandate you like. But mandates can not supersede the law - so self-archiving can only exist to the extent that copyright holders are willing to accept, regardless of what mandates may be in place.
"Libre OA cannot be mandated, because not all authors want to provide it; nor do all users need it."
Anybody willing to pay the APCs - and certainly any funder willing to pay the APCs can certainly mandate [libre] OA. Whoever is paying for the research has the right to set the terms, including how the outputs should be delivered.
It doesn't matter whether all users need open rights. They all benefit from having free, immediate access. And it only takes one person to add value to the content from having open rights, for everyone to benefit - even if they aren't making use of the open rights themselves.
"Technically, you can issue any mandate you like. But mandates can not supersede the law - so self-archiving can only exist to the extent that copyright holders are willing to accept, regardless of what mandates may be in place."
This is true. But remember that authors are the copyright holders until they gift the copyright to a publisher. So a mandate can certainly say "authors, do not give your copyright to publishers who don't allow immediate CC By-licenced posting on institutional repositories".
Under such conditions, publishers would either have to accept donated manuscripts on the funders' prescribed terms; or, in a fit of pique, decline these donations altogether. That outcome would hurt no-one but the publisher in question, who would be getting exactly what they deserve.
The bottom line is the funders hold the purse-strings, and therefore the power. I want to see them wielding it more strongly. http://svpow.com/2013/06/19/funders-have-all-the-power-in-oa-negotiations-so-why-arent-they-using-it/
Immediate-Deposit Mandates
Reply to Anonymous:
1. Yes, anybody can pay APCs for Libre Gold OA. But not everybody has the money, and not everybody wants to spend it on paying to publish, especially while research money is so scarce and so much already has to be spent on paying publishers for subscriptions to Must-Have journals. (Nor do all authors wish to choose a journal for its business model rather than its track-record for peer-review standards.)
2. Yes, some copyright agreements are designed to prevent or embargo Green Gratis OA, but all authors can comply with immediate-deposit mandates, at least 60% can provide immediate OA even if they elect to comply with a publisher embargo, and the remaining 40% can provide Almost-OA during any embargo via their institutional repository's email eprint request Button. (And around 100% of high-energy physicists and astrophysicists have been providing immediate Green Gratis OA irrespective of copyright agreements for nearly a quarter century, uncontested.)
3. Mandates requiring authors (a) to pay APCs for Gold OA, (b) to give up their freedom to choose journals, or (c) to provide re-use rights they don't want to provide all invite author resistance, as the sorry saga of the Finch/RCUK policy is showing. In contrast, there is no author resistance to cost-free immediate-deposit plus the optional use of the eprint-request Button, while retaining both journal choice and the prerogative to comply or not comply with publisher embargoes as well as the prerogative to provide or not provide further re-use rights. (And this compromise immediate-deposit mandate is also the surest and fastest way to reach 100% Green Gratis OA, which in turn makes possible a transition to Fair-Gold OA and as much Libre OA as authors wish to provide, and users need, instead of double-paying for pre-Green Fool's Gold pre-emptively today.)
"(And around 100% of high-energy physicists and astrophysicists have been providing immediate Green Gratis OA irrespective of copyright agreements for nearly a quarter century, uncontested.)"
High energy physics are rather an outlier here. Plus, the vast majority is pre-print, and NOT updated to even include the publication's citation details, let alone the post-print.
It's completely wrong equate pre- and post- prints. They often have very different ownership.
http://www.councilscienceeditors.org/files/presentations/2009/Ingoldsby.pdf
"retaining both journal choice and the prerogative to comply or not comply with publisher embargoes as well as the prerogative to provide or not provide further re-use rights."
1. There is no prerogative here. You might choose to not comply with an embargo, but you do not have any right to do so.
2. You can not grant any re-use rights beyond the rights that you have retained.
"It's completely wrong equate pre- and post- prints. They often have very different ownership."
Only after we give away postprints. That's why it's important to deposit them under a specific irrevocable licence before signing all rights over to the publisher.
"2. You can not grant any re-use rights beyond the rights that you have retained."
Right. Which is why it's important not to give all your right away to barrier-merchants.
Ad Anonymous (Publisher, Obviously)
1. Arxiv depositors deposit both unrefereed preprints and refereed, revised postprints, and have been doing so all along (since 1991). (Not the publisher's PDF, but who cares?)
Authors in other disciplines (varying from 5% to 35%+) do likewise, in their own institutional repositories and websites (Gargouri et al 2012).
2. Yes, authors may choose not to comply with publisher OA embargoes or rights restrictions. But if they choose to comply, that's what the immediate-deposit mandates and the eprint-request Button are for.
Gargouri, Yassine, Lariviere, Vincent, Gingras, Yves, Carr, Les and Harnad, Stevan (2012) Green and Gold Open Access Percentages and Growth, by Discipline. In: 17th International Conference on Science and Technology Indicators (STI), 5-8 September, 2012, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, Montréal. http://arxiv.org/abs/1206.3664
Harnad, Stevan (2013) Comments on HEFCE/REF Open Access Mandate Proposal. Open access and submissions to the REF post-2014 http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/349893/
Sale, A., Couture, M., Rodrigues, E., Carr, L. and Harnad, S. (2012) Open Access Mandates and the "Fair Dealing" Button. In: Dynamic Fair Dealing: Creating Canadian Culture Online (Rosemary J. Coombe & Darren Wershler, Eds.) http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/18511/


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Press releases from: January 2023
Senator Hassan Recognizes Kaylee Richard of Manchester and Samantha Grenier of Goffstown as January's Granite Staters of the Month
White House Hosts Event to Mark Removal of Barriers to Addiction Treatment
Senator Hassan, Colleagues Reintroduce Bill To Crack Down On Undisclosed Foreign Influence
Hassan, Colleagues Re-Introduce Bill to Help First Responders Cope with Stresses of Serving Communities in Moments of Crisis
Union Leader Senator Hassan Hosts Discussion On Her New Bipartisan Law to Support Veterans' Mental Health
Senator Hassan Statement Ahead of the 50th Anniversary of Roe v. Wade Decision
Military Times Solid Start Program Advocated by Senator Hassan Shows Success in New Report
Conway Daily Sun Senator Hassan Visits Career & Technical Center at Kennett High School and Tours Memorial Hospital in North Conway
Hassan-Requested GAO Report Demonstrates Success of the Solid Start Program, Senator Hassan Calls for Additional Improvements to Further Support Veterans
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Following Senator Hassan & Colleagues' New Law, Administration Removes 'X-Waiver' for Medication-Assisted Treatment
Girl Scouts of the Green and White Mountains Senator Hassan Meets with Girl Scouts in Nashua
Legislation From Senators Hassan, Collins, Manchin & Colleagues to Help Severely Disabled Veterans Purchase Adaptive Automobiles Signed Into Law
Senator Hassan Discussed Her New Medication-Assisted Treatment Law with NH Health Leaders at Visit to Farnum Center
Senator Hassan Statement on the Anniversary of January 6th Attack
WCAX Hassan Bills on Human Trafficking Prevention, De-Escalation Training Signed into Law
2020 Mom Senator Hassan's Bipartisan Bill to Improve Maternal Mental Health Now Law; Supported by Leading Maternal Health Advocacy Group
U.S. Senator Maggie Hassan Sworn in for 2nd Term
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DETROIT BRANCH NAACP ANNOUNCES KAMILIA LANDRUM ITS NEW EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
Kamilia Landrum is the new Executive Director for the Detroit NAACP
DETROIT – Rev. Dr. Wendell Anthony, President, Detroit Branch NAACP, announced at his recent installation, beginning a historic 14th term, the appointment of the Branch's new Executive Director.
"Our search committee was appointed in July of 2018." Said Rev. Anthony. "They held several meetings and now the work is completed. Nearly 70 applications were received, locally and nationally. After a review of all the applicants, it was narrowed down to four and of that four, three were interviewed. After much deliberation, conference calls, and discussion, the search committee brought forth a recommendation to our board for the new executive director for the Detroit Branch NAACP.
Today, we wish to announce that the new director, following the likes of former Executive Director's:
· Rev. Joann Nichols Watson, former Detroit City Council Member and now professor at Wayne County Community College District;
· John E. Johnson, Jr., former City of Detroit Corporation Counsel, now Executive Director for Michigan Legislative Black Caucus;
Heaster Wheeler, former Assistant Executive for Wayne County and now Assistant Secretary of State;
· Donnell White, now the Chief Diversity Officer and Director of Strategic Partnerships for Chemical Bank.
Our new Executive Director, as recommended and accepted by the Board is, Ms. Kamilia Landrum."
Kamilia is a child of the NAACP. She was a leader in our Youth Council. She served on the national board of directors for the NAACP. She is also involved in several community organizations. Most recently she organized our Take Your Soles To The Polls campaign for voter registration and mobilization, Back to School initiatives for Detroit Public School students, and our Second Chance Initiative for non-violent offenders seeking to have their records expunged in the criminal justice system.
She has a Bachelor of Applied Science in Business Administration and Management from Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, and a Master of Public Administration from Wayne State University. She is a proud member of the Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc."


TMZ just released video footage taken by first responders the night of Tekashi 6ix9ine's infamous video shooting with Kanye West. Although the clip is by definition "a video," the most revelatory piece of information takes place away from the camera - as a noticeably scared Tekashi 6ix9ine is heard in the background "sweating it out," while cops suss out the situation. As his handler surveys the action, Tekashi can be heard jumping the queue to insist upon his innocence: "ID me? I can't... I'm on probation ... tell (the cops) I'm not here."
Before it comes to that, we hear cops sharing their findings with Tekashi 6ix9ine and his handler: a 9mm handgun and a rifle abandoned in the alleyway precisely where the stray bullets rang off. As you might recall, just two weeks prior to the "video shooting incident," Tekashi caught a break in his sexual misconduct case when the judge sentenced him to 4 years probation in lieu of a lengthy prison bid - but on one condition: he avoid all "gang-related activities" as ambiguous as that may seem.
As history would have it, things would only get worse in the coming days, as Tekashi 6ix9ine was eventually indicted on those racketeering charges, only 9 days after the recording of this deed. From the sound of it, Tekashi was well aware of those pre-existing conditions, better than anybody I would suspect, let alone the forces working against him.


This month's challenge for the NCC is "Around the World" and this week's EcoPolo challenge is Neon, so I'm being oh-so-very-clever and combining the two.
I started off with a base coat of white, and then started laying on Candy Lacquer Granny Smith. I think it took 3-4 thick coats to get it this opaque, so I think I'll use a different undie next time.
It definitely reminds me of those Salon Perfect neons I used earlier in the summer. I'm pretty sure Granny Smith came out first, I just hadn't used it before now.
I was inspired by the 'around the world' challenge to do my first Tribal mani.
I'm guessing there are no neon tribes. That would be something, though. They're the radioactive people.
Bottle shot: Milani White on the Spot, Candy Lacquer Granny Smith, and stripers in dark blue, teal, and orange.
If you'd like more information about Candy Lacquer, she can be found on Facebook, and her BigCartel store.
Ready to join the neon tribe?
Thanks! It's my first "tribal" mani!
It's so colorful!! I'm mesmerized by the colors.


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Gigwalk and IRI Partner to Deliver New Level of Retail Intelligence
In Press by gigwalk September 1, 2015
Data alliance combines syndicated and crowdsourced data to give joint customers a comprehensive, real-time view into retail execution
CHICAGO and SAN FRANCISCO – September 1, 2015 – Gigwalk, the leader in distributed workforce management, today announced a new alliance with Information Resources, Inc. (IRI™), the global leader in innovative solutions and services for consumer, retail, media and over-the-counter health care companies. The joint integration combines the power of the IRI Liquid Data™ technology platform with insights from Gigwalk's Mobile Crowdsourcing solution to form rich data sets CPG brands can use to support their retail strategy and in-store execution efforts. Now, customers can get a real-time, comprehensive view into retail operations to ensure that initiatives at the store level are being executed correctly and delivering maximum ROI for the business.
"Our alliance with IRI is critical to the industry — our combined data capabilities give customers a more accurate, immediate and broader understanding of the impact their retail marketing spend is having on their overall business," said David Hale, CEO of Gigwalk. "Consumer brands can now make educated business decisions based on what's happening in the store in real-time, recouping potentially lost revenue."
Gigwalk offers enterprise-level organizations two distinct offerings: Mobile Crowdsourcing – a network of 750,000+ mobile-enabled independent contractors ("Gigwalkers") – and Gigwalk Enterprise, a private distributed workforce management solution. The IRI Liquid Data platform is a sophisticated data management tool that offers real-time predictive analytics and insights on a mobile technology platform.
Through one or a combination of both of these offerings, companies can manage and deploy an on-demand workforce to collect data and intelligence, anytime, anywhere, and on any specific job or task. With this alliance, IRI is now Gigwalk's preferred syndicated data analytics partner, and Gigwalk is IRI's preferred partner for the collection of retail execution data, providing joint customers access to:
Enhanced Audit Services –including the option to conduct flash audits that can be executed within 48 hours
Analytics Integration – measuring and optimizing brand lift by feeding Gigwalk retail execution data into the IRI Advantage Platform
Consumer and Shopper Marketing Intelligence – providing the ability to conduct custom surveys, such as new-trier Surveys, mobile panels, etc.
"Obtaining immediate and actionable data is the key to understanding how your brand is faring at the retail level," said Andrew Appel, president and CEO of IRI. "Through our strategic alliance with Gigwalk, we'll continue to provide the critical insight that leads to informed action and drives businesses forward. By joining forces, we will give our customers real-time visibility into their daily operations so they can derive maximum return from their retail marketing activities."
About Gigwalk
Gigwalk is a mobile platform for managing large distributed workforces, connecting the right people with the right work, anytime, anywhere. Gigwalk maximizes business efficiency and gives workers greater control and flexibility to make work better. Based in San Francisco, California, Gigwalk is backed by August Capital, Harrison Metal, Nokia Growth Partners, Randstad Innovation Fund, SoftTech, and Greylock. For more information, visit www.gigwalk.com.
About the IRI Partner Ecosystem
IRI fundamentally believes that delivering differentiated growth for clients requires deep, highly integrated partnering with a variety of best-of-breed companies. As such, IRI works closely with a broad range of industry leaders to create innovative joint solutions, services and access to capabilities to help its clients more effectively compete in their various markets and exceed their growth objectives. IRI is committed to its partnership philosophy and continues to actively enhance its ecosystem of partners through alliances, joint ventures, acquisitions and affiliations. The IRI Partner Ecosystem includes such companies as BlueKai (an Oracle company), The Boston Consulting Group, comScore, Datalogix (an Oracle company), Experian, GuestMetrics, GfK, Ipsos, Kantar, MaxPoint, Millward Brown Digital, Mu-Sigma, Oracle Social Cloud, Rentrak, SPINS, Univision, MasterCard Advisors and others.
About IRI
IRI is a leader in delivering powerful market, consumer and media exposure information, predictive analytics and the foresight that leads to action. We go beyond the data to ignite extraordinary growth for our clients in the CPG, retail and over-the-counter health care industries by pinpointing what matters and illuminating how it can impact their businesses. Move your business forward at www.iriworldwide.com.
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After many years of planning, the Sandburg Hall renovation project will be underway this summer. The renovation will start in August, and will continue over the next three years as work is completed in each of the three traditional towers (South, North, and West).
Once into the construction phase, University Housing will be adjusting its building occupancy strategy to accommodate as many students as possible.
During this time, RiverView Residence Hall will revert to its original status as a building open to first-year students. In addition, unaffected areas of the Sandburg Traditional Towers (North, South, West) will have limited availability for upper-level students.
Therefore, continuing students will mostly live in the following buildings: Sandburg East, Kenilworth Square Apartments, and Cambridge Commons. New first-year students will mostly live in: Sandburg North, Cambridge Commons, Sandburg West, and RiverView Residence Hall.
Meanwhile, as with all construction projects, some amount of noise and disruption to traffic is to be expected. UWM will be doing as much as possible to limit the affect of this project on our community.
University Housing will have agreements in place related to when work will be done. This is done primarily to accommodate the sleep/study cycles of our residents while also dampening noise for the neighborhood immediately surrounding the residence halls.
Both staging areas are north of the Sandburg Complex, with the primary entrance being the driveway closest to the intersection of Maryland Ave. & Newport Ave. Frequent truck and equipment traffic will be on that block for the duration of the project.
For more information about the renovation project, visit www.uwm.edu/housing/renovation. If you have questions about the project, please call or email University Housing at (414) 229-4065 or university-housing@uwm.edu.


text:
https://cswgs.rice.edu/
Helena Michie
Program Director (fall 2022)
michie@rice.edu
Lora Wildenthal
Program Director (spring 2023)
wildenth@rice.edu
The undergraduate major, minor, and the graduate certificate program take an interdisciplinary approach in their exploration of women's lives and histories and the role that ideas about sexual differences and sexual identities have played in human societies.
Areas of inquiry include women's participation in social and cultural production; the construction of heteronormative gender and sexuality as well as lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender identities; the relationship between ideas about gender and concepts inherent in other social, political, and legal structures; and the implications of feminist and sexuality studies for philosophical and epistemological traditions. Students acquire an understanding of how adopting gender as a significant category of analysis challenges existing disciplines. They gain proficiency in the methods used to study and compare cultural constructions of gender and sexuality, and they become familiar with the ongoing fundamental debates in women's, gender, and sexuality studies.
Bachelor's Program
Bachelor of Arts (BA) Degree with a Major in the Study of Women, Gender and Sexuality
Minor in the Study of Women, Gender and Sexuality
Certificate in the Study of Women, Gender and Sexuality
Center Director and Director of Graduate Studies
Helena Michie (fall)
Lora Wildenthal (spring)
Associate Center Director and Director of Undergraduate Studies
Emily Houlik-Ritchey
Associate Center Director
Brian Riedel
José F. Aranda, Jr.
Tani E. Barlow
Kathleen M. Beckingham
Elias K. Bongmba
Elizabeth Brake
Jenifer L. Bratter
Marcia Brennan
Joseph A. Campana, Jr.
Kathleen Canning
Krista Comer
April D. DeConick
Elaine Howard Ecklund
James D. Faubion
Eugenia Georges
Beatriz González-Stephan
Bridget K. Gorman
Michelle "Mikki" R. Hebl
Rosemary Hennessy
A. Cymene Howe
Betty Joseph
Rachel Tolbert Kimbro
Eden B. King
Anne C. Klein
Jeffrey J. Kripal
Brett Ashley Leeds
Caroline F. Levander
Susan Keech McIntosh
Deborah Nelson-Campbell
Kirsten Ostherr
Nanxiu Qian
Sonia Ryang
Paula A. Sanders
Leslie A. Schwindt-Bayer
Kamala Visweswaran
Fay Yarbrough
Andrea Ballestero
Scott S. Derrick
Sophie Esch
Julie Fette
Deborah A. Harter
Lacy Johnson
Moramay López-Alonso
Susan Lurie
Nancy A. Niedzielski
Diana O'Brien
Julia Saltz
Nicole Waligora-Davis
Kerry Ward
Rossella Calvi
Margarita Castroman
Amarilys Estrella
Alden Marte-Wood
Victoria Massie
Vida Yao
Olivia Young
Professor in the Practice
Diana Strassmann
Adjunct Assistant Professor
Tesla Cariani
Women, Gender & Sexuality (SWGS)
SWGS 101 - INTRODUCTION TO WOMEN & GENDER
Short Title: INTRO WOMEN & GENDER
Department: Stdy of Women, Gender, & Sxlty
Description: Introduction to the Study of Women, Gender, and Sexuality- An introductory survey of issues in the study of gender, such as women's social, political, and legal status in the US and globally; feminist perspectives on sexuality, race, the body, globalization, labor, culture; and the implications of these perspectives for social and critical theory. The course also introduces the concept of engaged research and the public service components of feminist activity.
SWGS 201 - INTRODUCTION TO LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, AND TRANSGENDER STUDIES
Short Title: INTR LESBIAN, GAY, BISEX&TRAN
Description: Introduction to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, & Transgender Studies - An introduction to the interdisciplinary examination of sexual desires, sexual orientations, and the concept of sexuality, with a focus on the construction of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender identities. The course looks at how identities interact with other social phenomena such as government, family, popular culture, scientific inquiry, and especially gender, and highlights the complexity and variability of sexualities of both across historical periods and in relation to race, class, ethnicity and nation. The course also introduces the concept of engaged research and the public service component of LGBT activity.
SWGS 205 - LANGUAGE AND SOCIETY
Short Title: LANGUAGE AND SOCIETY
Distribution Group: Distribution Group II
Description: This course treats language as a social phenomenon to show how language, personal identity and institutions of social control inter-relate. The course focuses on linguistic interaction in daily life and how gender, ethnic, class, activity, and geographic variation affect language use. Cross-list: LING 205.
SWGS 238 - SPECIAL TOPICS
Course Type: Internship/Practicum, Laboratory, Lecture, Lecture/Laboratory, Seminar, Independent Study
SWGS 247 - SEX AND THE CITY
Short Title: SEX AND THE CITY
Description: Sex literally shapes the city, both structurally and in our social imaginations. City governments regulate sexually oriented businesses, and not just through zoning. Specific urban sites become known as "that part of town." Urban planners look to "gayborhoods" as economic growth engines. This interdisciplinary seminar explores these and other dynamics at work in the past and the present of urban landscapes.
SWGS 250 - SEX, MONEY, AND POWER AROUND THE WORLD
Short Title: SEX, MONEY, AND POWER
Description: An interdisciplinary course exploring lives and well-being in the context of gendered international and domestic politics and economic processes. Emphasis on the implications of power relations at levels from the household to the global for women and men around the world (with particular attention to Asia). Cross-list: ASIA 251, POLI 250.
SWGS 273 - MEDICINE AND MEDIA
Short Title: MEDICINE AND MEDIA
Course Type: Lecture/Laboratory
Description: An interdisciplinary exploration of the role of imaging technologies in the practice of medicine, and the role of mass media in shaping our understandings of the body, health, and disease. This course examines visual media structure "ways of seeing" for physicians and for the public. Emphasis will be placed on developing media literacy skills. Cross-list: ENGL 273.
Course URL: www.english.rice.edu
SWGS 301 - ARTHURIAN LITERATURE
Short Title: ARTHURIAN LITERATURE
Description: A survey of the origins and development of the Arthurian legend from the earliest chronicles in the sixth century and later medieval French, Welsh, Irish, and English Arthurian poems to modern adaptations of Arthurian material, including films. Cross-list: ENGL 317, MDEM 317.
SWGS 303 - GENDER AND SCIENCE
Short Title: GENDER AND SCIENCE
Description: This course introduces students to the historical, philosophical and social dimensions of science and technology through the lens of feminist and gender studies. It will explore the ways in which science has factored in producing cultural norms for gender and race, how gender figures in the authority of science, and the role of gender in scientific institutions.
SWGS 305 - CHAUCER
Short Title: CHAUCER
Description: An introduction to Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales, Middle English, and the political and cultural climate of the fourteenth century. Cross-list: ENGL 316, MDEM 316.
SWGS 306 - HUMAN SEXUALITY
Short Title: HUMAN SEXUALITY
Description: This course is designed to explore the physiological, psychological, and sociological parameters of human sexuality, while providing accurate information and helping students develop healthy attitudes toward sexuality. Cross-list: HEAL 306.
SWGS 315 - GENDER AND ISLAM
Short Title: GENDER AND ISLAM
Description: Explores the lives of Muslim women in Asia, the Middle East, Europe, and North America; analyzes constructions of gender in the Islamic world overtime; the challenges faced from such diverse quarters as colonial administrators, Western feminists, and states; as well as movements and individuals within the Muslim world. Cross-list: ASIA 315, RELI 315.
SWGS 317 - TRANSGENDER STUDIES
Short Title: TRANSGENDER STUDIES
Description: This course surveys the evolving category of transgender in global context with a specific focus on the United States. Drawing on medicine, history, law, anthropology, cultural studies, women's studies, and sexuality studies, participants will explore the contested meanings of "transgender" and related terms like "non-binary" and "gender non-conforming." Instructor Permission Required. Recommended Prerequisite(s): SWGS 101 or SWGS 201.
SWGS 318 - ISRAELI WOMEN WRITERS
Short Title: ISRAELI WOMEN WRITERS
Description: In the last 25 years there has been an explosion of women's poetry and fiction in Israel. In this course we will explore Israeli women's writing since the inception of the state of Israel and examine what the work of contemporary women writers means for Israeli culture, society, and politics. Cross-list: JWST 318.
SWGS 324 - SOCIOLOGY OF GENDER
Short Title: SOCIOLOGY OF GENDER
Description: Relationship between gender and social role. Development of the contemporary sexual division of labor and process of socialization with reference to family, education, media, and occupations. Cross-list: SOCI 306.
SWGS 325 - SOCIOLOGY OF THE FAMILY
Short Title: SOCIOLOGY OF THE FAMILY
Description: This course will teach students the important influences and consequences of American family life. We will consider issues such as sex and sexualities, marriage and cohabitation, divorce, family structure, same-sex marriage, domestic violence, and household labor. We will also examine the role of social institutions and social inequality in shaping family norms and constraints on family behaviors. Cross-list: SOCI 334.
SWGS 327 - TOPICS IN WOMEN WRITERS
Short Title: TOPICS IN WOMEN WRITERS
Description: A variable topics course that focuses on women from various traditions. Cross-list: ENGL 381. Repeatable for Credit.
SWGS 329 - THE AMERICAN WEST AND ITS OTHERS
Short Title: THE AMERICAN WEST & ITS OTHERS
Description: Survey of a body of literature, film, and critical theory about the American West and the concept of regionalism. Explores region in relation to the nation and its borders, global media, coloniality, indignity and race, gender, and an ethics of place. Cross-list: ENGL 369.
SWGS 331 - PSYCHOLOGY OF GENDER
Short Title: PSYCHOLOGY OF GENDER
Description: Overview of research and theory on gender in psychology. Cross-list: PSYC 331.
SWGS 332 - SEX, SELF, AND SOCIETY IN ANCIENT GREECE
Short Title: SOCIETY IN ANCIENT GREECE
Description: An introductory venture into conducting fieldwork in the past. The course treats a wide range of artifacts, from philosophical essays to vase paintings. It derives its focus from a rich corpus of recent research into the ancient problemization of desire and self-control. Cross-list: ANTH 325.
SWGS 333 - MASCULINITIES
Short Title: MASCULINITIES
Description: This course deals with masculinities in the West, concentrating on concepts of masculine protagonism and personhood. Readings explore identities constructed in realms such as law, politics, finances, art, the home, and war. Cross-list: ANTH 311.
SWGS 336 - THE ANTHROPOLOGY OF THE HISTORICAL IMAGINATION
Short Title: THE HISTORICAL IMAGINATION
Description: Explores ideas of history and attitudes toward the past as culturally conditioned phenomena. Emphasizes history as a statement of cultural values as well as conceptualizations of cause, change, time, and reality. Cross-list: ANTH 308.
SWGS 338 - 19TH CENTURY WOMEN'S NARRATIVES
Short Title: 19TH C. WOMEN'S NARRATIVES
Description: This course examines the experiences of women in the United States during the nineteenth century through first-hand accounts and scholarly readings. Students will ready a variety of materials to explore the social and legal status of women and consider the impact of race on women's lives. Cross-list: HIST 338.
SWGS 343 - JANE AUSTEN'S WORLDS
Short Title: JANE AUSTEN'S WORLDS
Description: An exploration of Jane Austen as Regency writer and contemporary icon. The course will focus both on Austen's writing her novels, her juvenilia and her letters and on visual and textual adaptations of her work. Cross-list: ENGL 343.
SWGS 345 - HISTORY OF FEMINISM
Short Title: HISTORY OF FEMINISM
Description: Explores feminism as political thought and social movement in various times and places. Readings will include classic as well as non-canonical texts. We will consider the historical contexts of feminist action, and examine controversies over and within feminisms. Cross-list: HIST 340.
SWGS 348 - SEX AND GENDER IN MODERN JEWISH CULTURE
Short Title: SEX & GENDER IN JEWISH CULTURE
Description: How has Jewish identity historically been constructed as gendered, and how has that affected Jewish self-perception and -representation as well as the representations of others? This course explores the intersection between gender and Jewishness from several different historical and cultural perspectives, using literature, film, and philosophy. Cross-list: JWST 348. Mutually Exclusive: Cannot register for SWGS 348 if student has credit for RELI 347/SWGS 347.
SWGS 353 - ILLNESS, DISABILITY, AND THE GENDERED BODY
Short Title: DISABILITY AND GENDERED BODIES
Description: This course draws on critical disability studies and medical anthropology to explore how gender and sexuality matter in contexts of illness and disability across a range of institutional, social, and national contexts. We pay particular attention to the ways illness and disability expose, disturb, or retrench normative arrangements of gender. Cross-list: ANTH 354. Graduate/Undergraduate Equivalency: SWGS 554. Mutually Exclusive: Cannot register for SWGS 353 if student has credit for SWGS 554.
SWGS 354 - CHICANO/A LITERATURE
Short Title: CHICANO/A LITERATURE
Description: A mixed-genre course focusing on the Chicano movement, the Chicano renaissance, and alternative literary and mythic traditions associated with them. Cross-list: ENGL 371, SPAN 396. Repeatable for Credit.
SWGS 361 - NEW GERMAN FILM: HITLER'S CINEMATIC CHILDREN
Short Title: NEW GERM FILM: HITLER'S CINEMA
Description: From the 1960 to 2000, Germany has developed a very distinct auteur cinema with independent filmmakers such as Fassbinder, Herzog, Wenders, Adlon, Trotta, Sander, Brueckner, Doerrie, Garnier, Tykwer, and others. The first 20 years of German film were oriented on coming to terms with the fascist past; the second 20 years focused on more contemporary issues. Film, critical reading and class discussion in English. All films are subtitled in English and will be assessed with podium technology. Taught in English. Cross-list: GERM 338, HUMA 373.
SWGS 364 - QUEER LITERARY CULTURES
Short Title: QUEER LITERARY CULTURES
Description: An introduction to queer literary theory by reading works in several genres, from Sappho to the present day, including Shakespeare, Dickinson, Tennyson, Whitman, Proust, Stein and Woolf. Cross-list: ENGL 354.
SWGS 370 - AFRICAN AMERICAN LITERATURE
Short Title: AFRICAN AMERICAN LITERATURE
Description: A course that traces, through various genres and themes, African American literary history from the late eighteenth century to the present. Attention is given to theories and critiques of African American literature and culture. Cross-list: ENGL 370.
SWGS 372 - SURVEY OF VICTORIAN FICTION
Short Title: VICTORIAN FICTION
Description: A survey of the many genres of the 19th-century novel, this course will try to come to terms with some of the insistent questions posed by and through the fiction of the period. Cross-list: ENGL 342.
SWGS 380 - FEMINIST THEORY
Short Title: FEMINIST THEORY
Description: A course focusing on concepts that drive and divide social movements centered on gender equality, women's issues, and sexual identity in the two-thirds and one-third world, among them feminism; the body; race; labor; rights, needs, and desires. Cross-list: ENGL 382.
SWGS 384 - MODERN GIRL AND ASIA IN THE WORLD
Short Title: MOD GIRL & ASIA IN THE WORLD
Description: Using the textbook "The Modern Girl Around the World," this course examines the phenomenon of the so-called modern girl in Asia and the world, 1890-1949. Topics include: modernity, consumer culture, sexuality, and liberation. Cross-list: ASIA 328, HIST 384.
SWGS 385 - SEXUAL DEBATES IN THE U.S.: SOCIAL AND CULTURAL CONTEXTS OF SUPREME COURTS DECISIONS
Short Title: SEXUAL DEBATES IN U.S.
Description: How do sex acts and sexualities enter public conversations over time? This course surveys a variety of sexual debates in the United States with a focus on the social and cultural contacts and the legacies of those debates. Topics vary, but examples include miscegenation, obscenity, abortion and sodomy.
SWGS 389 - YOUTH STUDIES
Short Title: YOUTH STUDIES
Description: A variable topics course exploring the cultural productions of youth, their social geographies, and youth as a critical field important to the theorization of activism, technology, law and incarceration, reproductive politics, sexuality, consumerism, citizenship, environment. Previous topics: Generation X, Third Wave Feminism, Obama and the Youth Vote, Harry Potter & Gen Y, Power, Politics, and Reading Issues of Access. Cross-list: ENGL 389.
SWGS 390 - HISPANIC CINEMA
Short Title: HISPANIC CINEMA
Description: This course examines the ways in which films in both Spain and Latin America have represented the cultural contexts of their countries. Focus is on the theme of power, and the consequences on social and individual lives. Previously offered as SPPO 390. Mutually exclusive. Credit cannot be earned for SPAN 390 if student has previously taken SPPO 390. Cross-list: SPAN 390. Recommended Prerequisite(s): Third-year Spanish or permission of instructor.
SWGS 399 - WOMEN IN CHINESE LITERATURE
Short Title: WOMEN IN CHINESE LITERATURE
Description: This course examines women's roles in Chinese literature as writers, readers, and characters, focusing particularly on the tension between women's lived bodily experiences and the cultural experiences inscribed on the female body and how, in the process, women have contrarily gendered patriarchal culture into their own. It will also touch on Chinese women's incorporation of the Western Tradition. All readings in English translation. Cross-list: ASIA 399, MDEM 379.
SWGS 407 - FEMINIST STUDIES
Short Title: FEMINIST STUDIES
Description: A variable topics course designed to build on student knowledge of feminist theory gained earlier in the curriculum. Past topics have included sexualities, Marriage and Its Others, and Third Wave Feminism. Cross-list: ENGL 481. Repeatable for Credit.
SWGS 415 - SOCIOLINGUISTICS
Short Title: SOCIOLINGUISTICS
Prerequisite(s): LING 301 or ANTH 301 or LING 311 or ANTH 323 or LING 501 or ANTH 501 or LING 511 or ANTH 523
Description: This course covers contemporary sociolinguistic theory and methodologies. We examine the linguistic consequences to speakers of their group memberships such as gender, race, class and sexuality. Cross-list: LING 415.
SWGS 424 - WOMEN IN FRANCE
Short Title: WOMEN IN FRANCE
Description: This course studies women in education, the workplace, politics, and in social and cultural institutions in French society. The class explores the history of the French women's movement and analyzes French concepts of gender and feminism in comparison to American models. Effective May 15, 2019, this course does not carry D1 credit. Taught in French. Cross-list: FREN 424. Recommended Prerequisite(s): Completion of one 300 level course or permission of instructor.
SWGS 434 - SEEING SEX IN EUROPEAN ART, 1400-1700
Short Title: SEEING SEX IN EUROPEAN ART
Description: This course will examine the visual history of sexuality from 1400-1700. It will explore how imagery structured sexual desire; the role of erotic sacred art; the rise of pornography; the intersection of spatial topography and sexuality; the linkage of licit and illicit sexualities; and the sexuality of artist and patrons. Cross-list: HART 434, MDEM 434. Graduate/Undergraduate Equivalency: SWGS 534. Mutually Exclusive: Cannot register for SWGS 434 if student has credit for SWGS 534.
SWGS 449 - CULTURES OF SEXUALITY
Short Title: CULTURES OF SEXUALITY
Description: What is "sexuality" across cultural milieux? This course analyzes understandings and practices of sexuality from a global, comparative perspective, including different social configurations of gender and intimacy, reproduction, sensuality and the erotic. Case studies explore the complex relationships between sexuality and gender, ethnicity, nationalism, globalization, commodification, politics, media, health and medicine. Cross-list: ANTH 449.
SWGS 465 - GENDER AND HEALTH
Short Title: GENDER AND HEALTH
Description: This seminar explores the relationship between gender and health (longevity, physical illness and functioning, mental health, and health behavior). Specific topics include masculinity, disease expression, medical research, health care use, stress and social relationships, and intersectionality (race/ethnicity and sexuality) as they relate shaping health outcomes among men and women. Cross-list: SOCI 465.
SWGS 466 - LATIN AMERICAN WOMEN'S CULTURE
Short Title: LATIN AMERICAN WOMEN'S CULTURE
Description: Studies the cultural production (literary, artistic, cinematic) of intellectual women in Latin America. Examines the struggles for interpretive power in works by women from the colonial period to the present. Previously offered as SPPO 456. Mutually exclusive. Credit cannot be earned for SPAN 456 if student has previously taken SPPO 456. Cross-list: SPAN 456. Recommended Prerequisite(s): Advanced Spanish or permission of instructor.
Course Type: Internship/Practicum, Lecture, Seminar, Laboratory
SWGS 493 - FEMINIST RESEARCH WORKSHOP
Short Title: FEMINIST RESEARCH WORKSHOP
Course Type: Research
Prerequisite(s): SWGS 101 or SWGS 201
Description: This capstone course, required for the SWGS minor, will introduce students to the theory and practice of feminist research methods, culminating in individual research projects.
SWGS 494 - PRE-SEMINAR IN ENGAGED RESEARCH
Short Title: PRE-SEMINAR: ENGAGED RESEARCH
Grade Mode: Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory
Credit Hour: 1
Description: This course prepares students for the Spring semester and practicum sequence (496 and 497) by establishing a baseline of skills in research design and filing paperwork with the Institutional Review Board at Rice and elsewhere as needed.
SWGS 495 - INDEPENDENT STUDY
Short Title: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Description: Open to SWGS majors only. Instructor Permission Required.
SWGS 496 - ENGAGED RESEARCH PRACTICUM
Short Title: ENGAGED RESEARCH PRACTICUM
Course Type: Internship/Practicum
Description: An applied research complement to the Seminar consisting of six hours/week participating in a research-based project at a local public service agency that addresses the needs of women or is focused on gender and/or sexuality related work. Planning for the practicum takes place during the previous fall semester in consultation with the SWGS Director. Practicum projects are presented to a public audience. Permission of the instructor and some background in the study of women, gender or sexuality required.
SWGS 497 - ENGAGED RESEARCH SEMINAR
Short Title: ENGAGED RESEARCH SEMINAR
Description: Taken in conjunction with SWGS 496, the Seminar develops students' research skills and situates the practicum project within a range of perspectives on feminist theory and practice, grassroots organizing, and policy-making around the issues of women, gender, and sexuality, for example, domestic violence, gender and the prison industry, reproductive freedom, the feminization of AIDS. Permission of the instructor and some background in gender or sexuality studies are required.
SWGS 498 - RESEARCH IN THE STUDY OF WOMEN GENDER SEXUALITY
Short Title: RES STUDY WOMEN GENDER SXLTY
Description: Research seminar for SWGS seniors to fulfill capstone requirement. Open to SWGS majors only.
Description: Research seminar for SWGS seniors to fulfill capstone requirement. Open to SWGS majors only. Instructor Permission Required.
SWGS 501 - FEMINIST DEBATES
Short Title: FEMINIST DEBATES
Description: This course identifies and traces three streams of thought by debates about major issues in women's studies. While the content of these streams will vary-the course will always be attentive to the historical and theoretical context of the debates in question and to the intersection of these debates with others. Topics might include: public and private spheres; the relation between the local and the global links between gender and sexuality; the problem of identity; the relation between activist and academic feminism.
SWGS 502 - GENDER, THE DISCIPLINES, AND INTERDISCIPLINARITY
Short Title: GENDER, DISCIPL, & INTERDISCIP
Prerequisite(s): SWGS 501
Description: Structured as a workshop, this course offers SWGS certificate students critically to engage cross-disciplinary feminist scholarship as they integrate the study of women, gender and/or sexuality into their doctoral writing by transforming existing papers into works that are of publishable quality.
SWGS 503 - DIRECTED READING
Description: Directed reading under the supervision of a SWGS faculty member with permission of the instructor. May count only once toward major requirements. Instructor Permission Required.
Description: For each lecture, Graduate Students will be assigned additional readings. They will write an annotated bibliography of all these readings to be turned in at the end of the semester. We will meet for an additional every two or three weeks to discuss interpretive and methodological problems and ideas associated with the readings. Graduate Students will be expected to complete all the requirements of the class in addition to writing a substantial research paper due at the end of the semester. Cross-list: HART 534. Graduate/Undergraduate Equivalency: SWGS 434. Mutually Exclusive: Cannot register for SWGS 534 if student has credit for SWGS 434.
SWGS 542 - VICTORIAN FICTION
Description: A variable topics course. Please consult the English department website for additional information. Recent topics have included "The Victorian Marriage Plot", "The History of the Novel, Part II"; and "Victorian and Modern Sexualities". Cross-list: ENGL 542. Repeatable for Credit.
SWGS 546 - SPECIAL TOPICS: 20TH CENTURY BRITISH LITERATURE
Short Title: SP: 20TH CENTURY BRITISH LIT
Description: A variable topics course. Cross-list: ENGL 546. Repeatable for Credit.
SWGS 581 - CULTURAL STUDIES: CONTEMPORARY LITERATURE, CULTURE AND POLITICS
Short Title: CONTEMP.LIT., CULTURE & POLI
Description: A variable topics course. Please consult the English department website for additional course information. Recent topics have included Contemporary Issues in U.S. Culture and Studies in Sexuality: Thinking Sex Under Neo-Liberalism. Cross-list: ENGL 581. Repeatable for Credit.
SWGS 585 - POSTCOLONIALISM AND BEYOND
Short Title: POSTCOLONIALISM AND BEYOND
Description: A course that serves both as an introduction to postcolonial theory and as a reevaluation of its political and ethical ends vis-a-vis recent debates around globalization and cosmopolitanism. For additional course information please consult the English department website. Cross-list: ENGL 585.
Course Type: Internship/Practicum, Laboratory, Lecture, Seminar, Lecture/Laboratory, Independent Study
Course offerings/subject code: SWGS
Department (or Program) Description and Code
Center for the Study of Women, Gender and Sexuality: SWGS
Undergraduate Degree Description and Code
Bachelor of Arts Degree: BA
Undergraduate Major Description and Code
Major in the Study of Women, Gender and Sexuality: SWGS
Minor in the Study of Women, Gender and Sexuality: SWGM
Graduate Certificate Description and Code
Certificate in the Study of Women, Gender and Sexuality: WGS
SWGS Major/Program: CIP Code/Title: 05.0207 - Women's Studies
SWGM Minor: CIP Code/Title: 05.0207 - Women's Studies
WGS Certificate: CIP Code/Title: 05.0207 - Women's Studies


What is the EPA/DGLA Ratio (Genova)?
Leave a Comment on What is the EPA/DGLA Ratio (Genova)?
The fatty acid profile shows the balance of fats and their metabolites in plasma. Your overall balance of omega-3 and omega-6 fats is represented by the ratios of AA/EPA (arachidonic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid) and EPA/DGLA.
The balance of eicosanoic fatty acids is critical for proper supply of the prostanoid and leukotriene 1-, 2-, and 3-series local hormones that control a host of cellular functions and responses.
The EPA:DGLA ratio can help fine tune intake of series-1 and -3 eicosanoid precursors.
The EPA/DGLA ratio will be low when DGLA is elevated relative to EPA, indicating a need for EPA sources like Algae oil. You do not have to use fish oil. Keep in mind that fish get it from the algae they consume.
When the ratio is high, sources of DGLA (black currant or evening primrose oil) are indicated.
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text:
stallan-brand
hoxton securities
Build to rent developers appeal Speirs Wharf decision
Developers have lodged a bid to overturn the rejection of a major build to rent development on the banks of the canal near Speirs Wharf in Glasgow.
20/00455/FUL
Stallan-Brand (architect), Hoxton Securities (developer)
Glasgow City Council's planning committee voted in February 11:4 against an application by Hoxton Securities for 182 flats on a gap site between Sawmillfield Street and Farnell Street.
Planning officials had recommended approval for the Stallan-Brand-designed development but councillors' refusal related to over-massing, having a residential development in an industrial-use area, and lack of green/play space.
Hoxton Securities now hopes the Scottish Government's planning and environmental appeals division will overturn the decision.
Its appeal statement argued: "It is submitted that the application in terms of its approach to design, scale and open space is appropriate for the site, the development type and surrounding area.
"In coming to that conclusion, weight has been given to the wider townscape with its varying building heights, the rising topography towards Dundashill, the flexibility encouraged for build-to-rent developments by Scottish Government guidance and the accessibility of the site to the city centre, canal embankment and sustainable modes of transport.
"In terms of the other material considerations, the proposed development will reuse a longstanding vacant brownfield site, catalyse wider regeneration, deliver jobs and enhance pedestrian access to the canal towpath (including for wheelchair users).
"The north tower will also act as a landmark in a rejuvenated part of North Glasgow and the connections to the canal and surrounding spaces will transform the character of the streetscape. These material considerations are compelling and, it is submitted, outweigh the committee's concerns.
"This is further supported by the weak, and in cases invalid, reasons for refusal contrary to the officer's recommendation. The officer recommendation was arrived at based on extensive and positive co-operation and genuine engagement."
It continued: "Should this development not proceed, at least £50 million (and potentially significantly more) of direct and indirect investment in the area and the resultant regeneration benefits will be lost; in such event the site is likely to remain vacant for the foreseeable future."
Described as the first step towards regeneration of the Garscube industrial area, Hoxton Securities had said the project will deliver a "national best practice example of canalside regeneration". Two buildings were proposed — one with 20 floors, the other with 12 — either side of a landscaped central access ramp giving level access to the canal towpath.
Both buildings were to have roof gardens and would have contained a mixture of studio, one, two and three-bedroom flats.
A commercial unit, gym and a rehearsal space, as well as public realm improvements, were also to be included.


When choosing vegetable varieties for a small space garden, identifying varieties that will live, in your garden's soil and local climate, to produce good food, is essential. You can read Part 1, the previous post, to learn one way to find reliable crop varieties to grow. This post, Part 2, offers another, less formal way.
Why Did My Radishes Split?
There are two main reasons for my salad radishes to split apart. Both reasons, though, are related to my not paying enough attention to the crop.
Some background — I planted the first salad radishes, several kinds, in late September, but more seeds have gone into the ground since then. Until now, all the radishes have been whole, unsplit, but a few have been a bit spongy, which means some radishes definitely stayed in the ground too long.
Of the five radishes in the nearby picture, only one has split, but the split is huge. The texture and flavor of this radish, the fourth from the left, was fine, but the little veggie was hard to clean. Dirt really stuck tight to that white, inner part of the root.
Pull radishes when they are of usable size (usually starting when roots are less than 1 inch in diameter) and relatively young. Radishes remain in edible condition for only a short time before they become pithy (spongy) and hot.
I haven't done any watering this fall/winter. I haven't needed to, because rain keeps falling and the soil never dries out. In the past week or so, though, the sky has dumped even more enormous quantities of water on north Georgia.
Radishes from my garden harvested on the 17th, just a week before that last batch, were not split. A couple of radishes harvested on the 26th were split. I am thinking that the massive rainfall contributed as much as age to the splitting.
You can probably guess the logical solution to the split-radish problem: harvest early and put your garden in a less rainy location. That first part of the solution is reasonable, but it can be impossible to move your garden to a less-rainy location.
It is possible, though, to block some of that rainfall with a row cover. A non-woven row cover will let some rainfall through, but not all of it. If I had been thinking more about my radishes, I would have set up a cover for them, to prevent the excessive rainfall from soaking their planting bed.
My spring-planted radishes grow faster than my fall-planted radishes. In fall and winter, I think I have oodles of time to harvest those little roots. They stay crisp and sweet much longer in fall than in spring! However, the amount of time they can stay in the ground, even in fall/winter — and still be delicious — is limited.
There is one variety that hasn't split, in any year, in my garden: 'French Breakfast'. Maybe its longer, narrower shape protects it from splitting. This variety is a little spicier than some of the round types, but 'French Breakfast' is great on an open-face butter sandwich.
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When a garden hasn't been doing well, one of the first conditions to check is the soil's pH, its acid-alkaline balance. The pH scale goes from 0 to 14; 7 is the neutral pH, measurements below 7 are acidic, and measurements above 7 are alkaline.
For reference, distilled salad vinegar has a pH in the range of 2 to 2.5 (acidic), and cold-process soap has a pH in the range of 9 to 10 (alkaline).
Soil pH influences how well plants can take in nutrients from the soil, so getting a garden's soil into the best pH range for your plants will help them be healthier and more productive.
What is less well-known is that correcting a pH that is either too high or too low takes time. Testing soil pH should be done now, or soon, for gardens that have not done well in the past year.
What pH is good for gardens?
Blueberry plants prefer a soil pH near 5.
Most garden veggies need a soil pH of between 6 and 7. Where I live, northwest of Atlanta, the natural soil pH is lower than that range — it is naturally acidic. With that acidity in mind, many people here routinely add lime to their lawns and gardens without checking the soil pH first, and end up with a soil pH that is too high.
When I worked at the local Extension office and managed the soil samples that went to the soil lab at University of Georgia (UGA), it was not unusual to see some samples with soil pH around 5, but others with pH higher than 8. Those higher pH soil samples were from lawns and gardens that had been limed pretty much every year.
Once, a friend who decided to plant blueberries in the space where she had originally kept a vegetable garden sent a soil sample in to the lab at UGA. The lab found that the pH of her soil was 7. This pH level was not a surprise because she had been spreading ashes from her fireplace on the garden. Wood ashes are a good source of potassium, but they raise the soil pH.
For many veggies, a soil pH of 7 is fine, but the blueberries she hoped to plant in that space prefer a pH closer to 5. That soil needed some work before it would make a good home for blueberries.
How can I find the pH of my garden soil?
Example of easy to use soil pH test kit for home gardeners.
The most reliable method of finding your garden's soil pH is to send a soil sample to your state's soil lab. Call your local county Cooperative Extension office to find out how to take a representative soil sample, how to package it, and the lab fee for this service.
Another option is to purchase a pH test kit at a local garden center. One I have used (pictured nearby) includes a container with color chart for comparison, capsules of pH-indicator-powder to add to the container, and instructions.
mix the parts together by shaking the container until color develops.
You find the pH by comparing the color of your sample to the chart on the front of the container.
Sample in pH test kit shows pH of soil in my upper flower bed to be about 6.5.
The UGA soil lab sent information to my friend about how much aluminum sulfate (the cheapest option) to add in order to bring the pH down to a better level for blueberries. If you know that the pH of your garden soil is too high, but don't have a lab-recommendation for how to lower it, the amount of elemental sulfur (my preferred option) needed can also be found in a table by Clemson University Extension, in its Changing the pH of your soil publication.
There is a note, too, that a very high pH (over 8) is hard to bring down. When the local Plant-a-Row-for-the-Hungry garden (one of my volunteer groups/projects) was at a location that had a high-pH soil, we added the recommended amount of sulfur several years in a row before the pH started to come down.
The Iowa State University publication How to change your soil's pH includes a table showing how much ground limestone will be needed to raise soil pH. If you have hydrated lime handy, and think it might be a "quicker fix" for a too-low pH, please don't try it. The risk of raising the pH too high with this product, by accident, is large. Lowering the pH after over-liming is difficult and can take a long time. Use ground limestone instead of quick lime or hydrated lime.
It takes more lime to raise pH in a clay soil than in a sandy soil. In general, according to the table in the Iowa State publication, for 100 square feet of clay-soil garden, it takes 5 to 6 pounds of limestone mixed into the top six inches of soil to raise the pH by 0.5.
When is the best time to adjust the soil pH?
For my friend's blueberries, the UGA lab report recommended that the bushes shouldn't be planted until 6 months after applying the sulfur. If she added the sulfur in October, that means blueberry-planting should — for best effect — wait until April. That is pushing the boundary for good planting time for woody plants like blueberries; as spring progresses and the weather warms, newly planted bushes are less likely to do well. They need time in the soil for their root systems to become established before being stressed by the heat of a Georgia summer.
What this means is that soil testing should be done now, if it hasn't already been done, so adjustments to pH can be made soon enough to benefit plants that will be planted in spring.
What soil pH is best for my plants?
This list may help other gardeners in planning what to plant where, but it is comforting to remember that plants will still grow and produce in soil that is slightly outside their preferred pH range.
This is lucky, since most of us grow many of these plants mixed all together in our gardens. However, for peak production, planting in soil that is actually the preferred pH for each crop works best.
When I plant Irish-type potatoes in the spring, I will have added some sphagnum peat to their soil to bring the pH down a bit, but not all the way down to 5. Knowing the pH preferences of other crops helps me know what to plant after the potatoes in that space. For example, cabbages in that space would likely be a total bust, because their pH preference is so much higher (7 to 7.5!).
After potatoes are harvested, a better option than cabbages would be to let a nearby vining crop, like melons, sprawl across that space. Another option would be to plant a crop there that prefers a lower pH range, like beans or cowpeas that thrive at pH 5.75-6.5.
Food growing in the yard might not count as "convenience food," but it can be mighty convenient. Sometimes, when I am putting supper together and missing an ingredient, a decent substitute is out in my organic garden.
Most recently, the needed ingredient was cooked spinach. Some years, I have plenty of spinach in the garden, but the local wild bunnies demolished this year's spinach patch. The good news is that greens are probably the easiest veggie to substitute from the garden.
I have a little patch of kale, which would work as a spinach-substitute if there were more of it. You may remember, though, my patch of chicory, defended from the bunnies by a blockade of sticks. The blockade, after I added a lot more sticks, did work, and the 'Magdeburg' chicory, selected for its roots used in making chicory coffee, grew.
Chicory to the left shows the bunny-damaged chicory patch before I beefed-up the stick blockade.
Because I have not yet dug up any of the roots to make chicory coffee, there are plenty of large leaves on the plants.
I harvested about a third of the leaves from the patch, to use as a spinach substitute, in my recent vegetable lasagna.
Picture to the right shows the successfully-defended chicory patch, with taller sticks still visible, poking up around the plants.
Some of the roots are finally large enough that I will dig them up in the next few weeks to make my coffee. This is a benefit of living in the South: the ground will not be frozen anytime soon. Digging up roots is still possible.
I will say, though, that the leaves of the 'Magdeburg' chicory, chosen for its roots, are not as tasty as the leaves of some other chicories I have grown in the past, like the 'Italiko rosso' in the picture to the left.
The problem with the 'Magdeburg' chicory leaves is an intensified bitterness. I had to boil and drain the 'Magdeburg' leaves a couple of times to get to an acceptably-low level of bitterness. 'Italiko rosso' is mildly bitter, but I have never had to do the boil-then-drain thing with that variety.
Another convenient plant in the garden right now is oregano. In a few weeks, the oregano patch will lose a lot of its leaves, but — here in early December — it still looks great. The patch is thick with fresh, fragrant leaves.
We use our fresh herbs pretty frequently in cooking. I hadn't thought, though, about using oregano to make an herbal tea until I read about it last week.
Since I like to use crops-in-the-yard as fully as possible, oregano tea seemed like a thing to try.
An old (2017) article on Livestrong.com tells about some potential benefits of oregano, especially oregano oil, but is very careful to not make a lot of overblown health claims for the tea. I appreciate the cautious approach!
I made tea using fresh oregano leaves on two separate days last week. The first day, I added honey and lemon, and the tea was good enough that I made another cup the next day. The second time, though, I drank it "straight", without any additions. Let me just say that the first version, with honey and lemon, was MUCH better than the second.
If anyone is curious — oregano tea tastes pretty much like oregano. I shouldn't have been surprised, but finding it out in person made me laugh.
I am having oregano tea again today, with local honey and a squeeze of a lemon-like fruit that was grown by my friend Eddie.
Which "convenient foods" are you using from your garden this month?


text:
"There's a lot of heart on this team," Leake said. "You have a lot of young guys that want to win and they want to play the game right. It shows. Even though we're a back-and-forth team, it shows that there's some heart in this team."
Mallex Smith homered for the second time in three games for the last-place Mariners, a day after they traded AL home run leader Edwin Encarnación to the New York Yankees. Seattle traded Jay Bruce to Philadelphia on June 2.
The Mariners trailed 3-2 when Lou Trivino (2-5) issued a one-out walk. Domingo Santana followed with a fly that bounced off right fielder Mark Canha's glove for his first error in 153 games, putting runners at first and second.
"I lost it in the sun for a second," Canha said. "It was like the ball was falling faster than I could run. It was just a brutal play. Brutal. You have to make that play."
After Daniel Vogelbach walked to load the bases, Kyle Seager ended a 2-for-20 funk with a go-ahead double. Tom Murphy added a sacrifice fly and Dee Gordon hit an RBI triple.
Roenis Elías pitched the ninth for his seventh save.
"We've moved on from a few veteran players so giving opportunity to young guys," Servais said. "But more importantly, the team (is) starting to realize OK, this is our team now moving forward. Certainly we had a rough night, but I think this thing settled down here with our roster. Hopefully we play a little bit better together."
Khris Davis hit his 15th home run for Oakland and Ramón Laureano also went deep.
Oakland starter Tanner Anderson allowed two runs over 5 1/3 innings.
WHO'S ON FIRST
Austin Nola made his major league debut and started at first base for Seattle after being called up from Triple-A Tacoma before the game. The Mariners plan to use a rotation at first base to replace Encarnación. Vogelbach will get the majority of starts there. Ryon Healy, who is currently on the injured list, will figure in the mix when he returns. Nola, the older brother of Philadelphia Phillies pitcher Aaron Nola, spent seven-plus years in the minors before getting called up. He singled in his first at-bat.
Mariners: Healy (lower back) will have an epidural in the coming days and will be out longer than originally anticipated. ... Felix Hernandez (shoulder stiffness) will be seen by a doctor after the right-hander pulled himself out of a rehab start Friday night because of fatigue.
Athletics: LHP Sean Manaea threw 45 pitches in a simulated game at the team's practice facilities in Arizona as he attempts to come back from shoulder surgery. Manager Bob Melvin said Manaea will throw about 60 pitches in another simulated game before heading out on a rehab assignment.
Mariners: Seattle plans to use an opener Monday against Kansas City, although Servais has not said who that will be. LHP Tommy Milone is expected to come in after the opener.
Athletics: RHP Mike Fiers (6-3, 4.63) pitches against the Orioles at the Coliseum on Monday. Fiers is 4-0 in his previous seven starts dating to his no-hitter against Cincinnati on May 7.
Seattle Mariners' Kyle Seager watches his two-run double hit off Oakland Athletics' Lou Trivino in the eighth inning of a baseball game Sunday, June 16, 2019, in Oakland, Calif. (AP Photo/Ben Margot) Ben Margot AP
Mariners manager Servais on Narvaez's career day, disappointing 7-4 loss to A's
Servais on Mariners' 8-2 win over Royals: 'Marco pitching well and we're hitting homers. That's a good formula for us'
Topped by A's again, Mariners will return home on 6-game losing streak
Homer Bailey shook off a rocky start to go six innings, Mark Canha and Jurickson Profar both homered twice and the A's beat the Seattle Mariners 10-2 on Wednesday.
MORE SEATTLE MARINERS
Mariners still winless since All-Star break after getting thumped by A's in opener
Mariners promote Negron, Swanson as team approaches season record for players used
Welcome back, Sam. Mariners reliever Tuivailala activated after 11 months on IL
Mariners' Kikuchi attempts to build momentum after an up-and-down first half of the season
Trout, Pujols power Angels to victory over Mariners
You probably remember the 3-error game. The Mariners remember how Dylan Moore moved on from it


text:
Tag Archives: Shattered Sun
We Sold Our Souls To Metal Tour Review – Knoxville
By Fist | November 3, 2015 - 2:53 am | November 7, 2015 Tour Reviews
Comments Off on We Sold Our Souls To Metal Tour Review – Knoxville
Max Cavalera of Soulfly
Soulfly is usually always touring with amazing bands. Even a Cavalera family reunion is a great touring package aka Maximum Cavalera Tour from the past. The family tree has amassed several kick ass bands. On this particular night we would be partaking in not on Soulfly, but Swedish metal legends Soilwork, Shattered Sun, Earthside and local Knoxville natives Scent of Remains. There was a couple downfalls on this night that led to some heartbreak. First and foremost it was very disappointing that Decapitated was unable to get their visas and thus not being able to get onto U.S. soil. So can we all please raise our middle fingers to the guy in immigration that wanted to be a douche and prevent them from making the tour. We were highly looking forward to banging our heads to their particular brand of metal. With an already early start time newcomers to the tour package Earthside and Scent of Remains played before we even made it to Knoxville's premiere music venue The International. Those bands got a start a little sooner than even listed for the event. Although we missed those bands I will tell you now that Scent of Remains is a brutal band that will be a nationally touring act in their own time. So get your ass to one of their shows you will thank me later. Continue reading →
Tagged Bjorn, Decapitated, Knoxvile, Max Cavalera, Scent Of Remains, Shattered Sun, Soilwork, Soulfly, The International, The Ride Majestic, We Sold Our Souls For Metal, Zyon
Soulfly Release Lyric Video From New Album [Video]
By Fist | July 1, 2015 - 11:49 am | July 1, 2015 News
Comments Off on Soulfly Release Lyric Video From New Album [Video]
"Archangel" will be the 10th studio album by Max Cavalera's band Soulfly since forming in 1997. They have released a lyric video for the track "We Sold Our Souls To Metal" which is also the name of the upcoming tour they will headline. Archangel was produced and mixed by Matt Hyde (Slayer, Behemoth, Children of Bodom).
Max stated via Faceebook:
"I feel it is my most mystic album since Prophecy. The guest collaborations have always been a trademark of SOULFLY and Archangel is no different! We can't wait to play this live for the worldwide tribe!"
"Archangel" track listing:
01. We Sold Our Souls To Metal
02. Archangel
03. Sodomites (feat. Todd Jones of NAILS)
04. Ishtar Rising
05. Live Life Hard! (feat. Matt Young of KING PARROT)
06. Shamash
07. Bethlehem's Blood
08. Titans
09. Deceiver
10. Mother Of Dragons (feat. Richie Cavalera of Incite, Igor Cavalera of Lody Kong)
The We Sold Our Souls To Metal 2015 Tour kicks off in Los Angeles, California on September 30th. with Soilwork, Decapitated, and Shattered Sun. This will be an amazing tour that you will not want to miss. We will be catching this tour in Knoxville, Tennessee on October 22nd at The International. Expect a review of the show to follow. See you there!
Tagged Archangel, Decapitated, Knoxville, Max Cavalera, Nuclear Blast, Shattered Sun, Soilwork, Soulfly, Tennessee, The International, Tour, We Sold Our Souls To Metal


The bad boy of tennis is back. In his bestselling 2002 memoir You Cannot Be Serious, John McEnroe — known as Superbrat for his on-court tirades — detailed his rise to sports stardom and tempestuous marriage to his first wife, the actress Tatum O'Neal. Now 58 and long-married to musician Patty Smyth, he's written a follow-up, But Seriously.
It's no tell-all. McEnroe does do a lot of name-dropping to cement his celeb cred (he's skied with Arnold Schwarzenegger, hung out with Tom Hanks, smoked a joint with Mick Jagger — you know, stuff we've all done). He also spills plenty of ink on his many pet peeves (don't say "sorry to bother you," when you are clearly not sorry, for one). But he's most frank about his thoughts on his fellow tennis legends.
He's still obsessed with his old nemesis, Ivan Lendl.
He can't bear to watch — or listen to — Maria Sharapova play.
He admits — finally — that if he played Serena Williams he might lose.


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My daughter is sick. One of those not-really-still-winter, but not-quite-spring sinus infections that makes the rounds when the weather can't make up its mind. She's slogging through life in general and school in particular, but she's feeling pretty miserable.
A sick teenager is different from a sick toddler. When they're little, you and the doctor are in charge. You call the shots and your child follows your lead...mostly. Teenagers, on the other hand, want input into the process.
This sinus infection, for example, began with a headache -- a headache that my daughter had for four days before she decided it was important enough to mention. By the time I pulled rank and insisted that she take something for the headache, the infection was nearly a done deal.
When you have a sick toddler, you keep her home, and there's very little discussion. With a teenager who's going to miss ten periods of schoolwork that need to be made up, it's a negotiations process. You turn off her alarm. She complains. You promise to wake her in the morning as usual so she can make a decision, and you hope it's the one that's in her best interest, knowing that morning drowsiness will be in your favor.
She makes the decision to stay home, after first planning to go in late...then planning to go in later. You ask about making a doctor's appointment and she shrugs.
The doctor prescribes an antibiotic, hoping to head the infection off at the pass and not give it any more traction. You take the prescription to the pharmacy knowing your teenager heard only the part where it wasn't absolutely necessary for her to take the medicine just yet. She digs in her heels and you draw your final parental guideline, telling her she's got 24 hours to kick this thing before the antibiotic becomes a done deal.
Why not just pull rank from the very beginning? I am, after all, still the parent, the one paying for the doctor's appointment and the antibiotic and the one who has some idea of just how miserable she (the child) will be if she procrastinates when it comes to taking the medication. The one who's been tasked with looking out for her health and well being for the past 17 years.
If you've been reading this blog for any length of time, you know I'm a big picture kind of parent. You may also know that this philosophy has to do with starting this parenting game late in life and wanting to raise a child who can think for herself.
And so this, too, is a part of big picture parenting. My daughter is in high school. She knows how she feels better than I do, and in a couple of years, she'll be the one deciding whether or not to go to the infirmary at college, whether or not to fill the prescription and whether or not to take the medication. She'll form her own opinions about the necessity of medication throughout her life, based on what I did without asking for her input when she was a toddler and based on what she did following my guidelines when she was a teenager.
Teaching her to listen to her body has ramifications beyond this sinus infection. It will affect how far she pushes herself when she runs or plays sports, and how far she will let boyfriends push things in other arenas. She is the owner of her body, and at 16, she has a right to some input. And if she doesn't learn to listen to her body and her feelings, if she always relies on someone else to call the shots….well, that scares me a lot more than whether or not she decides to take an antibiotic when she's sick.
So for now, I will take her input into account, but will retain veto power over anything that impacts her health and safety. I'll let her argue the merits and demerits of medication with me, but I won't let her make a decision that I feel won't be in her best interests.
Today, she's feeling even more miserable than she did last week. As she got out of the car after school, I asked her if she thought it might have helped to have started the medicine sooner. This time, the challenge lay in asking the question in a voice that betrayed no hint of superior knowledge, and no sense of "I told you so," but merely posed a question to raise in future situations. Am I above "I told you so"? Hardly.
But in the end, that sort of interaction runs counter to everything I've been trying to accomplish.
And so it is with raising teenagers -- one simple tug on the thread can cause the whole fabric to unravel. The shrug she gave me in response was noncommittal -- proof enough that she hadn't read an "I told you so" into my response, but still not an acknowledgement that the question had done more than float in one ear and out the other.
Kid on the mend? Check. Fabric intact for one more day? Check.
I'll take my successes where I can find them.
Having just spent a weekend with my sick 6 year old, I read this with great interest, Lisa. He was compliant about medicine and napping, and so adorable I almost felt guilty for enjoying the more mellow, snuggly version of him that emerges when he's a little under the weather.
I hope to have your patience when he and his sister are older. Letting them make their own decisions - and mistakes - makes life's lessons stick so much better than just telling telling telling.
I hope she's back to full speed soon!