text:
How to Become a Professional Mediator
Getting Ahead at Work
By Clayton Browne
Do Arbitrators Have to Be Lawyers?
How to Become a DNR Warden
How Much Do Electricians Earn Annually?
How to Begin a Career in Intellectual Property as a Paralegal
The Average Income for a Mediator
A mediator is a professional who is hired to help parties resolve disputes and avoid litigation. A mediator advises all parties during a mediation process and prepares settlement agreements for review by the relevant courts, where the agreements are typically turned into court orders. Unlike judges, mediators do not make decisions in cases; they simply help parties reach an agreement among themselves. Many mediators have legal backgrounds, but others come to the field with expertise in areas in which they can make informed decisions in settling disputes. They may help resolve conflicts involving labor and management issues; healthcare disputes or international conflicts.
Earn a bachelor's degree from an accredited academic institution. Psychology, social work, and public policy or public administration are all useful undergraduates degrees for mediators, but mediators come from all backgrounds.
Work in your chosen field for several years to gain experience. Once you are a well-established professional with a breadth of knowledge in your field, you are ready to move ahead toward becoming a mediator.
Earn a master's degree in mediation or take the coursework necessary to earn the certificates or diplomas in mediation as required by your state, county or city. Some jurisdictions also require arbitrators and mediators to be licensed.
Apply for mediator positions at city, county, state and federal courts in your area. Some mediators are also employed by professional organizations and private companies to help settle disputes, particularly in the construction and insurance industries.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: Occupational Outlook Handbook -- Judges, Mediators, and Hearing Officers
The Princeton Review: Career -- Mediator
Diane Levin LLC: Becoming a Mediator -- Training and Careers
Association for Conflict Resolution
Although you don't have to have a degree to work as a mediator in many settings, in most cases you need a bachelor's degree and some form of certification to work as a mediator in the state or federal court system.
Clayton Browne has been writing professionally since 1994. He has written and edited everything from science fiction to semiconductor patents to dissertations in linguistics, having worked for Holt, Rinehart & Winston, Steck-Vaughn and The Psychological Corp. Browne has a Master of Science in linguistic anthropology from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.
How to Become a Healthcare Mediator
How to Train to Be a Cop
How to Become a Certified Subrogation Recovery Specialist
How to Become a Mediator for Lawsuits
How to Become an Investment Counselor
How Much Does a Claims Representative Get Paid?
Bioethics Lawyer Salary
How to Become a Certified Journeyman Lineman
Can I Be a Funeral Director Without a Degree?
1 How to Become a Healthcare Mediator
2 How to Train to Be a Cop
3 How to Become a Certified Subrogation Recovery Specialist
4 How to Become a Mediator for Lawsuits


From August 29th till October 9th, on the occasion of the London Mania event, the collective London Art Wall pervades the Spring and celebrates the English Fashion Week!
Imagine an artistic road in the middle of the Printemps Fashion and Printemps Man where street artists customise the famous London cabins, as well as the pop-up store Maria Luisa and the denim space of the Printemps. Chosen for their approaches and their individual styles, the artists of the collective London Art Wall express their creative visions from the English stage. Spiros Halaris, Mateus Bailon, Kef! and Otto d' Ambra will reinvent each two phone boxes in their way.
Creations of Spiros Halaris and of Mateus Bailon will be highlighted in RDC of the Printemps Fashion, the cabins of KEF! will be displayed to the 4th floor. The Printemps Man will also take the colours of English fashion with creations of Otto d' Ambra in RDC and in 1st floor. As for Roger Molloy, he will share his own vision of English fashion by creating a wall fresco within the pop-up store so London Mania at Maria Luisa.
Artistic course will continue in the Denim space through Jo Hamilton creation, celebrates the artist known for her writings based on hook. Jo Hamilton uses the traditional technology of the hook taught when she was young by her grandmother. Once the technology controlled, it begins creating a view of the city of Portland as well as a series of portraits. Its job can resemble painting but after a second examination, the drawing of knots reveals the process. Result becomes quickly incredible: she always begins her portraits in the middle of more precisely with eyes and works around until the piece is finished. She draws inspiration only from photographs, nothing is upstream planned.


text:
How Indian CIOs are staying ahead of changing demand for skills
CIO | March 16, 2022
Technology adoption is accelerating across industries, and newer technologies are always emerging, so how can CIOs keep track of the necessary skills and ensure staff are up to speed? the same grit every day."
With competition for skilled IT workers getting tighter, it's more important than ever for enterprises to be sure they're spending on recruiting and retaining the right talent.
IT executives see talent shortage as the most significant adoption barrier to 64% of emerging technologies, ahead of implementation cost (29%) or security risk (7%), according to a September 2021 Gartner survey.
Identifying which emerging technologies will prove most useful is a challenge, though. The pace of technology has evolved so rapidly over the last few years, multiplied by the pandemic, that it's hard to keep track — and what's most in demand today may be obsolete tomorrow. With the accelerated pace of technology adoption, how are CIOs to identify the skillsets they need in their team?
CIO.com India asked IT leaders from different industries about the strategies they use to forecast which skills they will need.
For Giridhar Yasa, chief technology officer at Indian online financing company Lendingkart, it starts with reading. "We follow industry developments quite closely and do our own research. This happens through reports like those published by the Reserve Bank of India, industry consulting majors, and technology papers among others," he told CIO.com.
Rohit Kaila, vice president of Walmart Global Tech India, develops IT systems for the US supermarket chain. He identifies current skill needs by evaluating his IT inventory. "There might be 10 or 20 or 100 systems out there. What are the key technologies in those systems? That is what drives the people that I'm going to hire."
What skills are needed?
Let's take a look at where the reasoning of some of these CIOs leads them.
CSS Corp's Marri says the technical skills that will continue to drive the IT industry are AI, analytics, ML, open-source, languages such as Python, full-stack development, and niche areas such as augmented reality and virtual reality.
The IT leader at the renewable energy company says there will be most demand for data scientists who can translate data into more meaningful business language, cybersecurity experts, cloud architects and business analysts who can bridge between the business and the technology team.
Intuits' Saxena highlights the steadily increasing jobs in cloud computing as enterprises in India and globally are moving workloads and applications from traditional data centres to the cloud. The most in-demand and highest-paying talents in this group, he says, are experience with AWS, AI/ML, cloud-native technologies such as Kubernetes and containers, open telemetry, Kafka, GraphQL, and React. "Developers are in massive demand, thanks to rising demand for software and apps as the globe gets more digitally linked. Knowledge of Python, Java, R, and natural language processing tops the list of the in-demanded skills… Other than these, we're also on the lookout for top talent skilled in big data; data scientists; development managers; product managers, and designers."
Cisco's Patil says it's all about 'superskilling' as we go deeper into the digital-first world: "Organizations should implement a culture of continuous learning and upskill existing teams on critical IT skills such as cybersecurity, cloud computing, devops, AI/machine learning, data analytics, blockchain, and software/mobile development."
As you can see, while the core forecasting methods (looking at the constants, at the business environment, at customer needs) can lead CIOs to different, yet equally valid, conclusions about the skills their enterprise needs, there are still some overlaps. Short-term competition for candidates with these skills will continue to drive up costs, making it all the more important that CIOs look at the business, analytical and soft skills that will remain relevant when the current technology fads have passed.
With more patents and products, women in ..
Securing data and talent top Indian CIOs ..

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


As a rank beginner, I am learning as I go. Whether this will ever be more than a repository for the Forthright Radio show, remains to be seen.
Meanwhile, check out the Forthright Radio show archives in the directory on the right.


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text:
Josette Frank: Alone Against the Storm, Part 3
To The Sponsors of SUPERMAN
Mutual Broadcasting Company
This is written in a spirit of friendly criticism, but definitely criticism.
Your Superman Program seems to me to defeat the very purpose for which it was intended. I assume you mean to "get across" the idea of Superman as the power of Good which overcomes or frustrates all the evil in the world.
At this point let me say that I believe it is wrong to implant in a young child's mind the idea that the control of good and evil may be lodged in a being such as Superman. We should rather try to raise a generation of healthy minded youth with well-balanced emotional lives. For when people grow up mentally and emotionally in a healthy and well-adjusted way the juvenile problem will be so minor as to be practically extinct, and children are not going to achieve healthy emotional adjustments by being fed such food for emotional digestion as your program furnishes.
So began a long and well-reasoned letter from listener Margaret Linnell detailing her concerns and likely reflecting those of other parents.
"To the average child your program is emotionally exciting, the lurid and frightening events (such as gas attacks terrorizing a whole city, ape men, men with queer quirks of personality and physique, gunmen, spies) assuming such prominence as to be the one thing which remains in their minds. They mull it over and feed their imaginations with it until real harm results.
Children have unusually vivid imaginations and little sense of discernment.
My own son, aged six, perhaps a bit young for Superman, but the same experience has been true of [my] older boy became frightened to go to bed, had nightmares and finally became very upset when left in his room to go to sleep. He never had been a timid child.
I finally banned Superman and in a few days everything was back to normal."
Linnell's rational letter resonated. This wasn't a knee-jerk diatribe written by a parent with an unfocused sense of moral outrage. Moreover, the problems she had with the radio version of Superman could also be applied to the published one.
"Do you not think that instead of holding before children the evil, the undesirable ways of acting, the wrong sort of conduct, and dramatizing it, that a better approach would be to feature the normal, clean everyday goodness and fun which should be at the root of a child's life?"
Josette Frank was effectively employed to be the arbiter of Superman's moral code. Given that she had invested so much of her own belief system into his heroic persona made any such attack personal. The Child Study Association had been founded upon Felix Adler's principles that premised the Ethical Culture Movement. Its most important goal was educating children and along with that, stressing socially responsible morality. That a parent could find a character imbued with those attributes troubling was in itself troublesome. Frank's oversight of Superman had taken him from his roots as a Jerry Siegel's wisecracking, vigilante strong man, through his evolution into the virtuous Big Blue Boy Scout. A teenage fantasy re-imagined as a symbol of America itself. Was the letter-writer objecting to this personification in light of the German Übermensch that the country was fighting at the time or was it a rejection of a preternaturally powered, God-like protector in general?
Furthermore, Linnell's letter seemed to fear the effect of the, "emotionally exciting, the lurid and frightening events," would have upon children. This stance flew in the face of Frank's assurance that not all childhood reading need be "saturated with sweetness and light" and that a healthy serving of "good red meat" reading was allowable as well.
Linnell wasn't the only one expressing these complaints. Her letter was representative of other parents, of certain other concerned adults, whose voices would become increasingly louder and far less polite.
While many historians have usually viewed the controversy surrounding comic books in a vacuum, the fact is that effect that such popular mass media as radio and film had upon children was a larger battleground of which comics, initially, were just a skirmish. The brewing conflict over comic books was already being fought over children's radio programming and Frank was uniquely positioned to see both battles.
Frank and Bob Maxwell saw the Superman radio program as an opportunity. Rather than just choosing to not offend, they sought ways to set an example.
"I have given a great deal of thought to the problem we discussed the other day--the possibility that something new and fine and important can be added to the late afternoon children's radio hour," wrote Frank to Maxwell in a September 29th, 1944, letter, "And the more I think about it the more excited I am about what might be done. It seems that the time is ripe for just such an event in juvenile radio."
Frank further noted, "In a country where radio is doing such magnificent things for adults, we have really neglected our children, both in terms of their commercial potential as an audience, and--since I am concerned , after all, as an educator--in terms of offering them really fruitful, in creative, cultural entertainment."
"There is a great stirring in our educational and cultural world, and children are a part of it. I believe that some of our "best minds" are turned toward children these days and I believe could be brought to focus right now on the really rewarding business of shaping a new kind of radio entertainment for children."
At the same time, comic publisher DC was doing all it could to get on the good side of the public. Their public relations arm, Superman, Inc., was actively coordinating very visible activities that would undoubtedly garner a favorable response. In a December 20, 1944, letter to Frank, Harry Childs described some of these efforts.
"At the request of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs, we prepared a specialized History of the United States in comics continuity written with a slight emphasis on the contribution made by Spain and Portugal. This continuity was written in English and then translated into both Spanish and Portuguese. Two editions were printed for Latin-American distribution and I am enclosing copies."
"At the request of the Navy Department, we are preparing a series of graded readers for use with Navy Personnel. For sometime [sic] the Navy has been taking men who must be classified as illiterates and has undertaken the job of teaching them to read. In setting up the requirements of reading material, the Navy selected comic magazines since they are both extremely popular with service personnel and are well suited to providing reading experience--small blocks of copy supported by illustration."
Childs went on to inform Frank, "These two activities, plus many more in the work, underline the increasing recognition of the comics continuity technique. As additional material becomes available I will see that you are kept informed...".
One such widely distributed publication was the SUPERMAN WORKBOOK, which reportedly made its way into some 2,500 classrooms across the country. This effort as part of the Superman Good Reading Project contained, "...vocabulary exercises of various kinds in addition to the pictures stories.", 1 and sported Fred Ray's classic SUPERMAN #14 cover of the titular character holding a bald eagle and posing before a stars and stripes emblazoned shield on both its front and back. The choice of this cover, which featured Superman virtually wrapped in the American flag, was certainly not coincidental.
"In the meantime," Childs implored Frank, "I hope you will give some time to the thought of the potential application of "words, pictures and color in continuity." Needless to say, I will be anxious to hear your opinions, criticisms, suggestions, etc."
Even with the efforts to set the Superman program apart from the rest of the offending rabble, Frank found that not everyone saw the difference. An indiscriminating view that crossed international boundaries.
Dear Miss Grannan:
I am very much interested in the new that the question of "horror programs" is to be on the agenda of your CBC national conference. It seems a little strange that such programs as the general run of our afternoon serials should be included in that category, since when I think of horror programs I think of the more or less adult presentations such as The Shadow and The Inner Sanctum etc.
There was a growing backlash in Canada against "horror programs" aimed at children. So much so, that during 1944, the state-owned Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) recommended that local stations not renew the contracts for such shows. The Canadian Association of Broadcasters went a step further, "...endeavoring to find concrete cases of this type of program contributing to juvenile delinquency." 2
Frank's January 9th, 1945, letter to Mary Grannan, CBC supervisor of children's broadcasts, was likely a preemptive strike meant to provide some separation between Superman and legitimate horror programs. Still, Frank didn't totally disagree with Grannan's view.
"However I do think that once or twice the Superman program has gone overboard in that direction--notably when I was away on my vacation last summer, and in case you heard last Friday's Superman (which I hope you did not) it had a few touches which were done over my dead body and screams of protest. But this is not the usual thing, and as a rule I would hardly call it a horror program."
There was related matter, unaddressed by Frank, that concerned the producers of Superman. A concern detailed in a February 12th letter from Robert Maxwell to a parent.
Dear Mr. Duboff,
The production department of the Mutual Network has informed me that you called to discuss the HOUSE OF MYSTERY program on the basis that a large group of parents in your locality objected to its content. Since HOUSE OF MYSTERY is produced under my personal direction, your inquiry was referred to me.
As I understood it, you characterized HOUSE OF MYSTERY as "too much like INNER SANCTUM". I am amazed at this since the two programs are diametrically opposed. As a matter of fact, HOUSE OF MYSTERY was created to combat the so-called "unexplained" or psychological horror programs to which so many children are addicted. The main purpose of HOUSE OF MYSTERY is to explain and expose, to assure youngsters that the occult, the supernatural and the spiritualistic do not exist; to allay fears of the darkness and to show them that wherever supernatural manifestations are said to exist, they can be traced to natural phenomenon or man-made effects.
The HOUSE OF MYSTERY program is under the editorial guidance of Miss Josette Frank of The Child Study Association of America and the psychiatric guidance of Dr. Loretta Bender, Chief of the Children's Psychiatric Division of Bellevue Hospital, both of whom are convinced that in HOUSE OF MYSTERY we have the first children's entertainment vehicle possessed of therapeutic value.
Although its spooky organ music and funereal intro delivered by Roger Ellliott, "the Mystery Man", would seem to belie the difference between House of Mystery and other horror programs, Maxwell's assurance was backed by his offer to Duboff to have a meeting. The meeting, which would be attended by either Frank or Bender, was Maxwell's attempt to find a common ground.
"You have a great deal at stake as the parent; we have a great deal at stake as the creators and producers of juvenile entertainment, which, to be successful must meet with your approval."
Whether such accommodating measures were common in an attempt to placate upset parents is unknown. But it does go to the heart of the matter as it shows the level of concern felt within Superman, Inc. and by extension, throughout DC. Although Superman had originated within the pages of comics, the radio program had brought the character into virtually every home and decisions made on the show affected how he was presented in the comic book. And other than Bob Maxwell, nobody affected how he was presented on the radio program more than Josette Frank.
Novelty Press was the comic book imprint of Curtis Publishing, publishers of the venerable SATURDAY EVENING POST, influential LADIES HOME JOURNAL and JACK & JILL children's magazine. With such a respectable legacy to protect, managing editor Robert D. Wheeler hoped to show that his comics were on the side of the angels and the quickest way there was to get Frank's approval.
Dear Miss Frank:
The inclosed [sic] copy of FRISKY FABLES represents our effort to produce a magazine of the highest type in its field, a "comic" appealing to very small children.
You will notice that some of the humor will go over the heads of our tiny tots,. We don't think the story value is impaired thereby, however; and frankly our intention was to give a bonus of entertainment value to the adult who has to read the comic to the child.
As arranged in our telephone conversation, Novelty Press would like an appraisal of FRISKY FABLES by your staff, on the usual paid basis. Not a detailed analysis and study of individual strips, but a general summing up of how ell or how poorly we have accomplished our aims, with perhaps comment on anything particularly deserving praise or censure.
We appreciate greatly the fact that you have found TARGET COMICS, BLUE BOLT, and 4-MOST of a standard high enough to warrant your recommending them. I am inclosing [sic] a recent copy of BLUE BOLT to show how our Q and A feature is liked by readers, as shown by readers' letters. Note how we have sandwiched educational [material] among others.
Frank's response apparently pleased Wheeler, as a few weeks later in a letter dated March 29, she received his appreciative reply along with his acknowledgement of a recommended aid.
"All the members of our editorial staff are pleased to think that you were so favorably impressed by our new comic magazine, FRISKY FABLES.
We appreciate also your comments about the Q's and A's, and about the way in which the negro child is introduced in "Fearless Fellers". We are familiar with the booklet "How Writers Perpetuate the Stereotypes" and believe our policies generally are in accordance with the ideas expressed therein."
Wheeler's familiarity with the recently published (January, 1945) booklet is not surprising, nor is the implication that it was mentioned to him by Frank.
Produced by the Writer's War Board (the main propaganda organization for the U.S. during WWII), "How Writer's Perpetuate the Stereotypes" took a hard look at the prevailing racial stereotyping in America at the time.
The Board, chaired by famed mystery writer Rex Stout, conducted an extensive survey of current media--film, radio, advertising, theater, and the various print forms--and ranked each according to how sympathetically it treated minorities. Theater was at the top of the list, novels and motion pictures followed. More than halfway down were comics.
Frank was certainly aware of this poor showing. It follows that she would attempt to change the portrayal of minorities within comic books as it fit with her, and the CSAA's, similar efforts in children's literature.
In 1943, the CSSA had established its Children's Book Award based upon rewarding a book, "for young people that deals realistically with problems in their own world". The CSAA was especially appreciative of books that reflected its own progressive attitudes of brotherhood and social significance.
This sometimes meant that they would attempt to influence authors themselves. Frank was known to have asked writer Doris Gates to change a white character in a story to an African American 3. That she would hope to similarly influence comic book editors is understandable and it didn't end with her suggestions to Wheeler.
Dear Mr. Maxwell,
It is with the greatest of pleasure that I accept your invitation to serve as the consultant for the Superman Radio Program insofar as the subject of intergroup relations is concerned. Those of us associated with me and I are delighted that you are going ahead with this type of program because we think it can make a very important contribution to the promotion of understanding and respect among Americans of all backgrounds.
This letter from Willard Johnson, vice-president of the National Conference of Christians and Jews, was welcome news. Frank had solicited this organization for their help 4 and this confirmation of their input was just what she and Maxwell had hoped for.
Frank had long envsioned a greater purpose for Superman beyond the everyday crime-fighting limitations placed upon him by his writers. She found a sympathetic ally in Maxwell, who was able to convince W. H. Vanderploeg, president of the program's sponsor Kellogg's and its advertising agency, Kenyon & Eckhardt, that having a social conscience was commercially possible.
It didn't take long after the first installment of "The Hate Mongers Organization" broadcast on April 16th for the first reviews to come in.
"Though he did not make the headlines, Superman was news of a rather high order last week," wrote radio columnist Jack Gould, "Disregarding his conventional excursions in escapism, he set out on a new series of adventures in which he proposes to combat the more mundane evils of racial and religious intolerance, adolescent gangsterism and other related problems of the juvenile." 5
The story arc follows the efforts of Superman and his pal Jimmy Olson to thwart the Guardians of America hate group and their acts of terrorism against the multi-cultrural Untiy House. Though the malicious organization is revealed to be [SPOILER ALERT] conveniently led by a former Nazi spy, this was the show's earliest attempt at potentially controversial subject matter and its positive reception encouraged further socially conscious storylines.
The vice-president of the CSAA, Mrs. Hugh Grant Straus, took the occasion of a mention in the liberal PM daily newspaper to explain the rationale and development of the new direction of the radio program in a letter to the editor dated May 20th.
I was delighted to note your salute to the new series on the Superman radio program.
I believe your readers would be interested to know that the Radio Committee of the Child Study Association of America through Josette Frank, its staff adviser, has been consulting with the Superman program and working with its producers for a number of years. The idea of using Superman's special popularity for fighting intolerance was a composite of many consultations and was directly encouraged by a meeting called by this Association to discuss ways in which children's programs might be used to further good interracial and intercultural relations. For the present series, our Committee listened to trial recordings and called upon psychologists, psychiatrists, and propaganda specialists to advise the producers who found themselves with a challenging problem on their hands--entertainment with a purpose.
We want to join with you in applauding the sponsor (Kellogg's) and the producer (Robert Maxwell Associates) who were willing to put so much blood, sweat and tears into a risky and difficult experiment. We who watched and worked with it since the inception of the idea know what it takes.
While the next story arc concerning the corruption of poor youth from the slums by a crooked politician ("Al Vincent's Corrupt Political Machine") continued along the path of social awareness, it was the following episodes that elicited both the most praise and the most condemnation.
Beginning on June 10, "The Clan of the Fiery Cross" depicted the torments visited upon a young Chinese-American boy named Tommy Lee and his family by a group of "True American" bigots determined to drive them out of Metropolis. Clearly based upon the real Ku Klux Klan, the organization dubbed the Clan of the Fiery Cross is [SPOILER ALERT] eventually stymied and captured as Superman, once again, saves the day.
Perhaps predictably, there were threats from what Frank characterized as "the lunatic fringe" 6 and some southern U.S. radio stations protested this storyline, but the press was generally positive in their appraisal of Superman's newly formed social agenda.
Typical was Harriett Van Horne, who wrote in her September 10th column,"Kids admire him now more than ever, it would seem, because his exploits concern matters within their ken. He talks back to the governor and outwits the state police and raises funds for the needy. Along with eating bins of corn flakes, the sponsor hopes the youngsters will imbibe some of Superman's sympathy for the underdog." 7
Unmentioned, but an underlying motivation was the bedrock belief of the Ethical Culture movement to which the CSAA was dedicated: the establishment of a morality based upon socially beneficial acts free of religious dogma. It can't be overlooked that as the other-worldly Kryptonian was inherently devoid of Earthly religious ties, a being who did good deeds for the sake of goodness itself, Superman was the fictional personification of that belief.
Harry Childs was serving as editorial director of promotional comics publisher General Comics when he received a December 11, 1946 letter from Frank regarding her critique of a proposed comic he had sent her.
"My criticism had to do solely with the philosophy that was enunciated by the hero of your strip when the only advice he could offer to two quarreling children was to learn how to fight so that one of them could win. You realize of course that by this precept one of them will also lose. It seems to me that on the positive side we will do well to teach our children that there are things worth fighting for and worth fighting against in this world, and that they can find things more worth fighting about than petty personal advantage. The fight against injustice, against disease, against ignorance--all these offer a most valuable outlet for children's aggressions too."
Later that same day, Frank wrote yet another letter to Childs concerning a feature at DC.
"I have been thinking quite a lot about Johnny Everyman and the possibilities he offers for selling America to American children. In a way I think it would be a pity to take him off his international mission. All the educators right now are urging us to do something for children on the U.N. theme, and certainly you are doing it in Johnny Everyman. This idea is more wanted now than ever."
Ostensibly created in cooperation with the Pearl Buck-led East and West Association, Johnny Everyman was an attempt,"to further understanding between peoples", according to the blurb prominently displayed on the splash page of each story. Often scripted by Jack Schiff, DC editor and writer well-known for his liberal views, the feature put the lead character in situations wherein he could teach impressionable youngsters lessons in tolerance.
"It occurs to me that you might do one of two things: (1) Introduce a new character of this type in another book whose mission would be to show our children what goes on in these United States. There is plenty of wonderful material to draw from, and I would like to talk with you about this idea. Or (2) you might use Johnny Everyman in the United States to show the contributions of various nationality groups to the building of America. I have some excellent source material of this kind and this too, is an aspect of American life which is very much wanted by educators and librarians and which plays into the U.N. theme."
"Think about these two possibilities a bit, and let's talk about it further. I'd like to see you take the lead in this."
Despite Frank's enthusiasm for the feature, Johnny Everyman disappeared from the pages of DC comics within a few months, doomed, perhaps, by George E. Sokolsky's nationally syndicated column of June 29, 1946.
"Do you know what your children are reading? Do you ever pick up the comics to which they are so devoted?", he asked rhetorically.
"The other day, I picked up "World's Finest Comics" and noted a distinguished editorial advisory board," wrote Sokolsky as he dutifully listed Frank and the others, "So I thought that with such a group of advisers, this must be something extraordinary indeed. On the very next page to this listing of these great names appears a comic entitled "Johnny Everyman".
Sokolsky recounts the story of a young boy named Niikitin ("Nicky") brought before a "young people's court" in the Soviet Union on a charge of theft. The boy kept the bolt of cloth he claimed to have found since he "had his head turned" by pictures he saw in an American magazine. Johnny Everyman appears in the court and is allowed to speak in the boy's defense. "You see, Nicky, in the first place, although America is far ahead of Russia in production, not everybody in America possesses the things you saw advertised in that magazine."
This does not sit well with Sokolsky.
"Of course, Nikitin does not read that. No Russian child will read any American comic. All this is for American children."
Sokolsky finishes detailing the rest of the story and concludes that this means just one thing.
"In a word, to the child reading that strip, Americans must appear mean and hateful."
"And there is not a single thing in the cartoon to show democracy or decency in America. The question is asked, by no one answers about freedom of speech, of movement, of thought, of the press,of secret elections, of trial by jury and the privacy of one's home and possessions. Not one word of this."
"Is that what you want your children to learn about their country? Is that how you would teach them to love their country?" 8
Any dreams Frank may have had expanding Johnny Everyman's mission were never going anywhere. Having already incurred the wrath of the powerfully connected Sokolsky (he counted J. Edgar Hoover among his close friends), DC wasn't about to draw any more unwanted attention to its comics.Soon there would be attention enough coming from other quarters and Sokolsky wouldn't be among its biggest concerns.
1 "Issues Relating to the Comics", THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL JOURNAL, pg. 642, (May 1942).
2 "CBC Hits Horror Shows", BROADCASTING, pg. 24, (Dec. 25, 1944).
3 Mickenberg, Julia L., LEARNING FROM THE LEFT, pg. 329, (2005).
4 Bowers, Rick, SUPERMAN VERSUS THE KU KLUX KLAN, pg. 119 (2012).
5 Gould, Jack, "On the New Superman", NEW YORK TIMES, April 28, 1946.
6 Ohio State University, EDUCATION ON THE AIR YEARBOOK, vol. 17, pg. 158, (1947).
7 Van Horne, Harriet, "Superman's Message is For Grownups, Too", NEW YORK WORLD-TELEGRAM, Sept. 10, 1946.
8 Sokolsky, George E., "These Days: The Reading of Children", June 29, 1946.
Posted by Ken Q at 12:34 AM
Labels: Child Study Association of America, Dr. Fredric Wertham, George Hecht, Harry Childs, Josette Frank, M.C. Gaines, National Comics, Robert Maxwell, Superman
Nick Caputo February 9, 2014 at 12:39 PM
Your hard work and research in tracking down and recording information on people like Josette Frank is fascinating and noteworthy. I always look forward to learning more comic book history on your blog.
Ken Q February 9, 2014 at 1:33 PM
Thanks, Nick!
As I always look forward to reading learning from your terrific Marvel Mysteries and Comics Minutiae blog! Check it out, folks:
http://nick-caputo.blogspot.com
It feels so nice to find somebody with some original thoughts on regarding Really thankful to you for starting this.
Ken Q February 26, 2014 at 11:37 AM
Thank you, Daniel!
My hope is that this research into Josette Frank's effect on the comic book medium inspires others to look into this overlooked aspect of comics history.
Friends & Faves
Atlas Tales
Barry's Pearls of Comic Book Wisdom
Blam's Blog
Comicartville
Grand Comics Database
Jim Amash's blog
The Fabulous Fifties
Tinely-Atlas-Comics blog
Who's Who of American Comic Books


Since many times the lives of military personnel are in danger during hazardous missions and assignments they sometimes depend on survival equipment to protect them from harm. However, these survival gears also need careful maintenance. To fully support the program, the military organization hires the services of Survival Equipment Specialists. They are considered enlisted personnel in the military and their main functions are to maintain the usability of survival equipment such as aircraft life support, sea rescue gears and parachutes.
The Survival Equipment Specialists in the military work in on board ships and inland. They also travel to other military installations when the need arises.
The civilian Survival equipment specialists work in survival equipment companies, airlines, private rescue groups operated by businessmen, and several other business establishments. Their functions are only the same with that of the military.


text:
Q: JS Promises with MySQL to create org structure from flat table I've been trying to get this work for a few days now and can't seem to get it to work.
I have a MySQL table which looks like this:

    empName               empID             empManagerID
    ------------------------------------------------------------
    Alex Manager          125354            987654
    Jane Doe              223535            125354
    Floyd Guzman          654354            125354

    Irma Fletcher         325150            212335
    Toni Copeland         456842            325150
    Benjamin Pratt        231543            325150
    Cassandra Gardner     656560            325150

    Fredrick Brogdon      783487            239873
    Deangelo Glandon      823402            783487
    Geraldine Brar        *230123           783487
    Jayna Lemmond         182739            783487
    Summer Wirtz          849734            783487
    Claretha Sheffer      983787            783487

    Tanna Boelter         345623            *230123
    Charlesetta Debolt    923476            230123
    Michael Gouin         456782            230123
    Dominick Piraino      956235            125354
    Shavonne Ovellette    108934            125354

I'd like to be able to find ALL of the names of people reporting to a specific managerID by providing the manager's employeeID as the starting point.
For example:
Select * from tableName where empManagerID = '125354';
This should return:

Jane Doe              223535            125354
Floyd Guzman          654354            125354
Dominick Piraino      956235            125354
Shavonne Ovellette    108934            125354

I then need to take each one of the empID's of the result and create multiple queries using the empID as the empManagerID to find all the people reporting (if any) to the people in the result.
This needs to happen until the final query is essentially empty.
With the help of my TA from a course I took I was able to get this far:

    function getEmployees(employerID) {
        const query = `
            SELECT empName, empID, empManagerID
            FROM myTable
            WHERE empManagerID = ${employerID}
        `;

      return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
            con.query(query, (err, rows, fields) => {
                return resolve(rows);
        });
      });
    }

    getEmployees(125354)
        .then((employees) => {
            // push returned results to an array of some sort.

            const empPromises = employees.map((e) =>  {
                return  getEmployees(e.empID)
            });
        return Promise.all(empPromises);
        })

        // fs.writeFile out to a reports.json file for future reference.

The code above works, but doesn't seem to pull results recursively and I can't figure out why. The actual table has thousands of rows with many levels of employe => manager => sr manager relationships
If I attempt to chain on another .then() with another call to getEmployees it just returns a bunch of promises - not the results. If I console.log (rows) however, I can see the results.
I'm fairly new to JS and still learning...but I just cannot figure this one out.
Any help would be greatly appreciated.

A: For recursion you need a function that calls itself (or somehow causes itself to be called).
And at each iteration, you need :

*

*to find the given employee's subordinates (some or none)

*to return a list of the subordinates plus each subordinate's subordinates

Due to recursion, the same is performed at the next level resulting, eventually, in the original caller eventually being delivered a list of all subordinates, subordinates' subordinates, subordinates' subordinates' subordinates, and so on.
// modified data, expressed as a javascript object-literal
var allEmployees = [
    { 'empName':'Alex Manager',       'empID':'125354', 'empManagerID':'987654' },
    { 'empName':'Jane Doe',           'empID':'223535', 'empManagerID':'125354' },
    { 'empName':'Floyd Guzman',       'empID':'654354', 'empManagerID':'125354' },
    { 'empName':'Irma Fletcher',      'empID':'325150', 'empManagerID':'125354' },
    { 'empName':'Toni Copeland',      'empID':'456842', 'empManagerID':'325150' },
    { 'empName':'Benjamin Pratt',     'empID':'231543', 'empManagerID':'325150' },
    { 'empName':'Cassandra Gardner',  'empID':'656560', 'empManagerID':'325150' },
    { 'empName':'Fredrick Brogdon',   'empID':'783487', 'empManagerID':'239873' },
    { 'empName':'Deangelo Glandon',   'empID':'823402', 'empManagerID':'783487' },
    { 'empName':'Geraldine Brar',     'empID':'230123', 'empManagerID':'231543' },
    { 'empName':'Jayna Lemmond',      'empID':'182739', 'empManagerID':'783487' },
    { 'empName':'Summer Wirtz',       'empID':'849734', 'empManagerID':'783487' },
    { 'empName':'Claretha Sheffer',   'empID':'983787', 'empManagerID':'783487' },
    { 'empName':'Tanna Boelter',      'empID':'345623', 'empManagerID':'230123' },
    { 'empName':'Charlesetta Debolt', 'empID':'923476', 'empManagerID':'230123' },
    { 'empName':'Michael Gouin',      'empID':'456782', 'empManagerID':'230123' },
    { 'empName':'Dominick Piraino',   'empID':'956235', 'empManagerID':'125354' },
    { 'empName':'Shavonne Ovellette', 'empID':'108934', 'empManagerID':'125354' }
];

// simple filter in place of SQL
function getEmployeesOf(employerID) {
    return Promise.resolve(allEmployees.filter(emp => emp.empManagerID === employerID));
}

// recursive function (it calls itself)
function drillDown(employerID) {
    return getEmployeesOf(employerID).then(employees => {
        let promises = employees.map(emp => drillDown(emp.empID));
        return Promise.all(promises).then(emps => employees.concat(...emps)); // spreading here avoids the need to flatmap later.
    });
}

drillDown('125354').then(results => {
    console.log('Results: ', results);
});

DEMO with the modified data above, this should give a list of 12 employees.
For comparison, this is what the two functions would look like if everything was synchronous:
function getEmployeesOf(employerID) {
    return allEmployees.filter(emp => emp.empManagerID === employerID);
}

function drillDown(employerID) {
    let employees = getEmployeesOf(employerID);
    return employees.concat(...employees.map(emp => drillDown(emp.empID)));
}

DEMO with the same modified data

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


It has been a whirlwind week for Joseph Blair, who achieved a goal he set for himself after a short stint as a graduate assistant under Sean Miller from 2013-15.
Before, you could call him former Arizona Wildcats and professional basketball center Joseph Blair.
And then with his meaningful work as director of the Blair Charity Group in Tucson, you could call him community activist Joseph Blair.
Now, you can call him Coach Joseph Blair, as in the head coach of the Houston Rockets' G-League affiliate, the Rio Grande (Texas) Valley Vipers.
Right after his time with Miller's staff, Blair set out to hone his skills to become a head coach. He joined former Catalina Foothills standout and Arizona player Matt Brase — Lute Olson's grandson — as part of Rio Grande's staff. Brase had worked his way to head coach there after joining the Rockets' personnel development and scouting department in the 2011-12 season.
When Blair was part of Miller's staff, he served with former teammate Damon Stoudamire, who became Pacific's head coach two years ago. Between 2013-15, Arizona went 67-9 overall and 31-5 in the Pac-12 (winning the conference title both years).
The Wildcats advanced to the Elite Eight both seasons with players such as Nick Johnson, Aaron Gordon, T.J. McConnell, Rondae Hollis-Jefferson, Stanley Johnson, Brandon Ashley and Kaleb Tarczewski.
"The camaraderie with the team and the competition of the games were everything that I missed from my playing days," mentioned Blair, one of Olson's most fundamentally sound post players who helped the Wildcats reach the Final Four in 1994. "It became my opportunity to pass down wisdom that I had gained through my years of playing. Now, I pull from the years of being coached by many great and diverse coaches.
Still an imposing figure at 6-foot-10 and 265 pounds with a bold beard, Blair, a 13-year pro overseas who hails from nearby Houston, looks like he can still play. He certainly will get the attention of his Rio Grande players.
More promising news for Blair: Every former Vipers coach has gone on to an NBA bench job or another head coaching position.


Kids aren't the only ones allowed to have fun this Christmas.
While strategically placing the Elf on the Shelf has become an Olympic sport for moms over the past few years, there's a new game in town that parents everywhere are sure to love.
Dena Blizzard of the Off Broadway show One Funny Mother has recently created Shiraz On the Shelf, an adult-friendly twist on the popular tradition where parents repeatedly hide an elf around the house that "watches over" their kids so they're good for Santa.
If you're looking for more vino-themed products to gift this season, check out our list of the best presents for the wine lover in your life—because nothing says "Happy Holidays" like a bottle of red that doubles as an umbrella.


Please contact us at info@transformativestudies.org if you're interested in purchasing featured art.
Proceeds help us to continue our mission for education & social justice. All donations & purchases are tax-deductible.


WE ARE THE FIRE ALARM REFERENCE.
WE'RE AIMING TO IMPROVE BUILDING FIRE SAFETY.
Be aware that the fire department of all Quebec municipalities are strengthening fire protection regulations that are currently in force. Legislation, building code, installation standards, but how to get your head around this?
HAVE YOU RECEIVED A WARNING FROM THE CITY? WE WILL TAKE CARE OF IT!
Some of you have received a notice from the fire department in your municipality requiring compliance in terms of fire alarm. Groupe RoyalTech holds a specialized license in fire protection and can evaluate the interventions that will be required, in regards to the standards that are currently in force, and assist you in the compliance process.
Groupe RoyalTech accompanies you throughout the needs analysis, sales and installation process. This is for the entire life of your fire alarm system.
The building plans must indicate the fire alarm system zones and the location of each network device. Thats includes fault protection modules, the auxiliary devices and annunciators or the display and control centers.
A separate wiring diagram (schematic and column diagram) must be provided. It must indicate the connection of devices, control stations, responders, annunciators, auxiliary devices and external power supplies to control stations or responders.
Load calculation required for all integral components.
Make sure your systems are properly compliant with current standards and that the fire alarm inspection reports are complete like those produced by Groupe RoyalTech.
How do I know if the fire alarm system in my building meets the standards currently in effect?
Even if the equipment seems relatively new, it's better to have the fire alarm network inspected by the competent authorities. Indeed, the standards have been put in place to ensure your safety. It's the responsibility of the building owner to have the fire alarm systems inspected and tested annually in accordance with CAN / ULC-S536.
The annual inspection and testing of a fire alarm system shall be done by a qualified person recognized by the competent authority such as the C.F.A.A. certification. C.F.A.A.
Under regulations improving building safety, 'private seniors residences', residential buildings, care facilities and supervised residences are subject to more stringent standards than the standards in force during construction or transformation of the building.
Also note that your municipality could set higher standards for buildings located on its territory. Contact us, we can help you to see more clearly.
Why did I receive a notice from the fire department for my fire alarm system?
Owners of buildings with more than 2 floors and more than 8 units must upgrade their alarm and fire detection system. This regulation issued by the building authority, has been in effect since March 18, 2016.
The notice received by the fire department of your municipality requires compliance or you could be fined or threatened the temporary closure of your facility.
In a simple way, the upgrade of the system consists in adapting the fire alarm equipment so that it complies with the requirements and the municipal regulations in force.
Groupe RoyalTech has the necessary expertise to interpret and resolve your dispute. We will carry out the necessary work in the least costly scenario for your company.
Should the fire alarm panel be connected to a central monitoring center?
The purpose being to warn occupants in the event of a fire. As a result the fire alarm system alone cannot guarantee the safe occupancy of a building. But generally, all establishments that have sprinklers must be connected to a monitoring center according to ULC-S561.
building owners, who are non-compliant, may be fined, and / or may be ordered to temporarily shut down their facilities until work is completed?
A fire alarm system consists of what exactly?
Control panel, manual stations, smoke detectors, audible alarms, visual alarms, electrical supervision systems for sprinklered buildings, annunciator panel to indicate the source of the alarm and communication devices.
a fire detection and fire alarm system are required, among other things, in any building intended for public use with a sprinkler system and all buildings where more than 10 people sleep.
In a simple manner, a fire detection and alarm system are used to warn and protect the occupants of a residential, commercial or industrial building in case of fire.
Refer to the Régie du bâtiment (RBQ), security chapter code to better understand the requirements.
consists in adapting the existing system, to achieve requirement compliance according to the municipal regulations that are in force.
Note that the enhancement of your system may be required, even if you have made minor changes to a floor area or if you have changed the purpose of this space.
The building plans must indicate the fire zones of the alarm system and the location of each device of the network.
A separate sketch (schematic and column diagram) must be provided.
Load calculation for all components integrated in the fire alarm system.
And security lighting in all this?
Exit stairs, common corridors must be equipped with an emergency lighting system to meet the requirements of the National Building Code.
The first brand in the world of very early warning detectors by aspiration.
As integrator and installer of the VESDA by XTRALIS from Honeywell detection system, we protect your high value equipment with the best very early warning alert systems.
Integrated into your existing fire protection system, this system becomes the ideal solution reducing risks and potential impact of a sinister.
Using the latest technologies of smoke detection, this fire inhalation system detects combustible materials from the first stages, well before smoke or flames are visible. In spite of its sensibility, it presents a low rate of false alarms.
Basically, the VESDA system constantly suctions air in the piping network by means of a high efficiency vacuum. The sampled air goes thru a filter in 2 stages. The first stage eliminates dust and dirt in the absorbed air, before it is directed to the laser technology detection chamber. Exiting the filter, when the presence of smoke is identified by the ultrasensitive system, a signal is generated and transmitted to the fire detection central.
It would be useful to mention that in order to complete your fire protection file, the city will ask you for the status of your FSP (Fire Safety Plan). Usually, this request shortly follows. Be proactive because the next notification will be coming.


text:
Cheilanthes sieberi är en kantbräkenväxtart. Cheilanthes sieberi ingår i släktet Cheilanthes och familjen Pteridaceae.

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Remember these Vintage Gun Ads?
It's a blast from the past, who doesn't enjoy looking at vintage gun ads? It's funny to see how they marketed firearms back in the early to mid 20th century, not to mention the prices!
Here are 20 beautiful vintage gun ads from a bygone era. While some of these ads are from long ago, some are fairly recent. They speak to not only much cheaper pricing, but also to the changing cultural mores of the day. Here's our time machine, sit down and enjoy.
Good grief, check out these prices back in 1961!
A Colt Python for only $125!
In 1902 you could purchase a Marlin model 1892, 1893 or 1894 for $10 to $13.25 apiece from the Sears, Roebuck & Co. Catalogue.
Back in 196o you could buy a .55 caliber anti-tank gun for under $100, really?
In 1996 you could get any of these Remington guns for under $100, as this ad that ran in Boy's Life attests.
Christmas was – and in many families still is – the perfect time to give the gift of a rifle or shotgun to a youngster. I can still remember with such joy and excitement my very first .22 single shot rifle I got at Christmas time as a child.
Santa has an arsenal to deliver!
The whole family should get guns for Christmas!, make it a family event.
And heck, why not get yourself a present too?
Such as this one that promoted hunting tigers, which would raise a lot of hackles in social media today.
This one seems to put firearm handling together with alcohol consumption.
Ok, this one is just weird and dangerous!
Finally, I don't know what the heck is going on in this one. A gun turret in place of your refrigerator? I guess this one was trying to play off of WWII imagery, but boy, is this a stretch.
Just how effective is the Ballistic Helmet?


I've spent several years trying to pinpoint that one thing. The one thing that will make me happy.
The hobby that won't get buried in my closet waiting to be finished.
Something that will make a tiny dent in the world around me.
That one thing I can claim as my own.
As a mom of three, it's hard to hold onto our own sandwich without someone wanting a part of it.
So how can we find that one thing that will give us the spark of happiness we are looking for?
Through the few years that I have realized the importance of having something for me, I know this.
Check out what a Cricut machine does and why you might like it too!
I love writing despite the fact I'm not very good at it.
Even though I've discovered these things I love doing, I've failed to recognize the simplest way to find happiness.
The simplest way to find happiness is finding the person beneath the mess, the chaos, the pain.
It's saying no when we want to say yes.
And loving you for you. Even when you feel unlovable.
It's yet so simple and yet can be so complex if we let the disease of busyness enter our core.
But, if we chose to remain busy. Telling ourselves we have too much on our plate. Covering our busyness with band-aids of false accountability, we can easily lose the people we so desperately care about.
We can even lose ourselves.
Welcome to episode #14: Crafting Messes, Memories, and Masterpieces with Liz Giertz.
Do you believe messes can be turned into masterpieces?
Our very special guest is an Army wife momma that shares her passion for writing, reading, and crafting. She loves gathering women around the table to create and encourage each other.
She has a blog called My Messy Desk, her own Etsy shop, and hosts crafting workshops.
As you will be hearing Liz's story, I will be sharing my own mess and why I almost stopped podcasting.
I truly hope her ambition and creativity inspires you like it did me!
Make sure to share your thoughts in the comments below and share with your friends too!
Well, Liz might have all the secrets to moving and packing we would need or ever want to know.
Liz grew up outside of Washington D.C. and from there she joined the Army. She's lived in Virginia, New York, Germany, Illinois, Texas, Korea, Colorado, Louisiana, and this summer she's moving to West Virginia.
This momma's love story is truly unique.
She met her husband in Korea while she was still on active duty.
He was assigned to the higher headquarters and when she was visiting his office building, someone introduced them.
He even had to call her ma'am!
They dated in Virginia, got engaged in Kansas and planned their wedding from Iraq.
Now they have two boys ages 9 and 11.
Go check out her 12 FREE scripture cards!
Liz has always loved writing. When she was in Flordia cleaning out her Dad's house she found some ribbons she won from writing contests. He had kept all of her short stories she had written.
But, crafting is a new hobby for her.
And, she was exposed to it in stages. When she got out of the Army in 2007, she moved somewhere where she didn't know anybody. She kept meeting ladies that enjoyed crafting. They showed her crafts from stamping to scrapbooking.
She's picked up different skills over the years.
When she moved to Colorado, she had a friend that like this thing from Pottery Barn, but she didn't want to pay $175 for it. So she asked Liz to help her recreate it!
That's when she started having 6 or 8 ladies gather around together monthly to do a craft based on their interest.
Read the full article on the Passion Brewing Momma Blog!
Liz's last craft workshop before her big move!
Thank you for stopping by, enjoy the show!
May your day be filled with messes, beautiful and broken, and a little time for you. For we never know what goodness the day can bring until we fully love who we are.
Go fill out our new form and schedule an interview.
Welcome to Episode #13: Baby Memorial Keepsakes with Sarah Pennington. God truly designed Sarah and me to speak to you today. I hope you find hope in her story and passion of creating breathtaking baby keepsakes.
It has been a true spiritual battle getting this episode delivered.
I can't be more joyous as it is a special episode in honor of two angel babies: Noah Henry and Logan Forrest.
If her story inspires you too, make sure to comment below and share her message with your friends too!
This baby keepsake creator is no ordinary mom or wife. Sarah Pennington is a woman full of strength, passion, and hope.
Mrs. Penninton raises her family on the foothills of the Appalachian mountains.
When she's not working on her passion she's probably wrangling her rowdy two-year-old son and loving every minute of it.
She always wanted to live in the city and did for a little bit while in college studying video production. But, now she's back to the country living where she feels right at home. Her family surrounds her and her parents even live next door.
When it comes to art Sarah loves it all! She likes to crochet, doodle, and watch movies too.
Like most moms with a passion behind their business, Sarah has a story worth sharing and hearing.
Five years of being together with her husband, trying to have a baby, they found out their little peanut was growing in her womb.
Not a bad gift for Father's day!
Pregnancy brings so much joy to a mother's heart. But, when Sarah was 19 weeks pregnant they found out some troubling news.
When rushed into the ER they found out they were carrying a little boy, but there was something wrong.
Her cervix was incompetent meaning it was too weak to hold her baby.
Their little Logan was trying to come out. The doctor's planned on doing an emergency cerclage, in an attempt to prevent him coming out too early. This process involves stitching the cervix closed until the baby is ready to be born or be able to survive.
But, their little boy was already starting coming through, so there stood a risk of a life-threatening infection for both her and her baby.
Then came any mother's worst nightmare. It's when your world turns upside down in the midst of the unexpected.
They told her their son was not far enough along to survive, and if he did survive birth they would only get a few minutes with him.
In September 2013, Logan Forrest went to rest in the arms of Jesus.
When you have a pregnancy after that you're prone to extreme paranoia and anxiety, explained Sarah.
They both prayed for a baby and rested in the thought of it will happen when it will happen.
Right around Christmas, they found out they were expecting their rainbow baby.
What is a rainbow baby? Find out more here.
Sarah's mom started with making the baby keepsakes. She made the first baby keepsake for Sarah. She and her mom opened an Etsy shop before. They played around with some nature inspired art.
Sarah loved her keepsake of Logan so much, that she wanted to make these for other moms who went through the same experience.
At some point, she thought I don't know how long I can do this.
Every day she ends up talking with someone who went through the loss of a baby. When talking with others she relives what she went through.
But, through the raw emotions, God keeps giving her signs to continue.
The moms that receive her beautiful baby keepsake creations continue to tell her how much their gift means to them and how much it helps with their healing.
You can hear the strength God has given her when she talks about surrendering her passion to God.
This is yet one of the hardest passions I've interviewed because Sarah relies on God's strength for herself, and strength to spread to others going through the loss of a baby.
My bathroom is my favorite place to seep my emotions. It's often mopped with tears of frustration, hopelessness, and loneliness.
My mint green room (the one I've been wanting to re-paint for years) is my slice of New York cheese cake.
It's the place I run to when the loud angry voices from my marriage tell me we're failing.
It's where I question why I have no friends.
My mint ice cream room is my safe place when my kids touch my last nerve.
But, honestly, in the loneliness and craziness of motherhood, grace is the last thing I want to give.
So when exactly should we give grace?
Welcome to episode #12! Oh it's so good to be back! Momma's I've really had to focus giving myself a dose of grace lately. For those of you who don't follow me, I am just getting back in the groove of things after having my son.
This is my fourth child and I've somehow forgotten the added exhaustion of having a cute snuggly baby. And needless to say, the full strength of a freshly brewed coffee also slipped back into my existence.
Giving myself grace has always been hard. Giving myself grace when dinner is served through the drive-thru, or as a mixture of things in my bare cabinets.
Yes, I've prolonged going to the grocery way too many times.
Or in the moments I feel I don't deserve grace. When I can't seem to control my anger and my kids get the scolding mom I told myself I'd never be.
Listen to the Passion Brewing Momma's Part 1 of Giving Grace.
But, in the midst of my tender emotions, giving others grace is just as hard.
When others hurt me, or when I see how my relationships are not what I desire, grace is the last thing my heart wants to give.
Maybe you can relate. When we feel our husband doesn't understand us. Or, our friends aren't present in our lives when we need them to be.
Have you ever wondered what it's like when your passion turns into a Christian business?
In this episode, we talk with Leah Heffner about how her passion for writing led to a marriage course and her own shop.
The fun thing about this episode is that you don't have to be thinking of turning your passion into a business!
Leah gives great advice on friendships, balancing mom-life with marriage, and how we can make a big difference right from our cupboards.
I truly enjoyed getting to know this momma's story and I hope you do too!
Want to know what it's like to move 8 or 9 times in a seven year period? Well, you can ask Leah for some advice on how not to pull your hair out! This momma is a strong beautiful wife of seven years. She has three kids and one one the way in July.
Both Leah and her husband work at home while balancing homeschooling, 26 chickens, one duck, and a goose.
Growing up her family did musical theater together for fun. In high school, volleyball was her thing, but her speech teacher saw a different light of possibility for her. Her teacher desperately wanted her to be on the speech team.
But, God had a particular direction for her family. Her dad joined a seminary college leading them to move away. The speech team got crossed off along with the path she could have taken once she graduated. Instead, Leah finished her college degree with a French Education major.
We all have our own story worth telling. After Leah taught French for three years, with all the moves, and her second baby she started her own passion for blogging. For her, it was all about finding that community and rhythm and doing that where she was as a mom.
Her husband's first business dream started with flipping houses. He started an online business to learn about real estate. But, behind it all, he gained all the marketing information they needed to start their own Christian business.
They both love to speak and have ministry ingrained in their hearts. They are a lovely couple with excellent entrepreneur ideas, goals, and expertise.
Every business is hard to start. But, if you are thinking of turning your passion into a Christian business go into it prayerfully! If you are going into business with your husband, Leah suggests knowing what your comfort level is with each other. And, of course, pray together.
Leah and her husband launched The Red Oak Collective six months ago. It all started when Leah wrote encouraging messages on her blog. She would write something compelling and then a lightbulb went off, this would be great on a coffee mug, or a shirt. After a year of this idea brewing, she talked to a designer. Her husband nudged her into making these products for Christian encouragement.
Leah and her husband have a mindset for marketing and business. She found a very logical fix for keeping that encouragement we want to stick with us, stay with us! As she puts it, we consume so much content every day, but if you have something that really sticks out to you, don't you want to carry it around with you!
The cool thing about The Red Collective's products is that every item has a story behind it! Listen to the episode to find out more behind their creations and store!
Want to hear some more exciting news? Leah is launching her own podcast soon and her husband just launched his! It's called Our Daily Rest Podcast with Matt Heffner. His encouraging words will be added to The Red Collective's products too.
Visit the full article on When Your Passion Turns into a Christian Business on the Passion Brewing Momma Blog!
Welcome to Episode #10, where you can finally give yourself grace!
Do you ever wonder how to give yourself grace when you continually fail at everything?
If we sat down and had a cup of coffee together, you'd see how similar our struggles are.
My life is busy. Some days, I fix cereal for dinner. The clacking of my dog licking the bowl off the table quickly follows.
My feet constantly step on metal cars lined in rows. It's easier to ignore when my mind enters a state of exhaustion instead of asking my son to pick them up, once again.
I've grown accustomed to the sight of chaos in my house, but some days the weight of life, and motherhood push all the buttons around me. Then I drive myself into an extreme amount of guilt in everything I do.
Those dishes are still sitting waiting to be done. If you were a good housewife those would be finished before your husband came home.
Did you just hear yourself with that tone? If you can't control those reactions you are going to fail as a parent.
I know you've seen this form sitting here a dozen of times this week. Why can't you get it together? Now it's going to be late.
The nagging inner voice leaves me feeling discouraged. Do you hear it, too?
Why is Giving Yourself Grace Important as a Mom?
It's easy to get wrapped up into who we are not, rather than who we are. As mothers, it's easy to measure our value by what we accomplish, or by how we handle the hair-pulling, head-spinning moments.
But, when we give ourselves a dose of grace we can learn to fully love who we are. We accept to love and forgive ourselves unconditionally.
Sometimes we just need to let go of that to-do list! For some of us we need to trash those harsh criticisms we throw at ourselves. By giving ourselves grace, we learn to love the mom we are, not the mom we envy.
Visit the full article on Dear Momma, Give Yourself a Dose of Grace on the Passion Brewing Momma Blog!
Welcome to episode number 9, where we talk about the calling of healing others through the repercussions of addiction. I love Instagram and am always captured by Kimberly's beautiful graphic of a dragonfly, along with her prayer requests and #talkitovertuesday posts.
What I didn't know was the beautiful breath-taking story beneath her calling and ministry.
In this episode, Kimberly walks us through her own passions of bible journaling, Jesus, writing, and even dating her own husband.
What you don't want to miss is her story on how her passion for helping others through the pain of living with an addict blossomed! I hope you fall in love with her story and ministry like I did.
Make sure to tell us what you think in the comments below and share with your friends too!
Kimberly Dewberry is a mom of six wonderful children and three furbabies. While her children have migrated outside the home, she is an amazing wife of six years to her husband Patrick.
She's a true Texas gal who was born and raised just outside of Dallas.
This momma's ultimate passion is Jesus. Kimberly loves sharing devotions, encouragement, and hope on her blog. Writing is what makes this momma feel at home.
In the morning, you probably would see her searching for the words God has for her.
Have you ever thought of Bible journaling? Kimberly's creative side swayed her to try it and she's found a deeper connection in the verses since then.
In addition, she loves to color in stress-relief coloring books. Kimberly works as vice president of secondary mortgage operations at a North Texas bank, and when she's not working she loves going on adventures with her husband.
Visit the full article on Helping Transform Others Through the Repercussions of Addiction on the Passion Brewing Momma Blog!
Welcome to episode number 8 where we dig into 7 healthy habits for moms.
After stumbling across a momma with a passion for fitness I noticed she also encourages mompreneurs to live a healthier lifestyle. Not only is she an advocate for health and wellness, but she helps women and small families build their business brand and identity.
Let's just say I have a hard time choosing between the right food for me and purchasing a family size bag of Oreos.
How do I know if eating healthy and getting my body into exercise mode is really worth it?
Our special momma, Rosemarie Gonzalez, walks us through healthy habits to live by from her personal struggle of balancing her calling and mom-life. I truly hope you find her story as inspiring and encouraging as I do.
Make sure to share with your friends and comment below.
Rosemarie is a lovely wife and mom of four beautiful children from ages 3-12. She's a New Yorker who is foremost passionate about following Christ. After ten years of holding a passion for graphic design, a new passion emerged from her own personal experience.
After two c-sections, Rosemarie delivered her third child naturally.
She decided she wanted to educate women on finding the best choice for their child-birthing options.
As she puts it, some women don't know they have more than one option. Moms can actually interview other physicians to find the best one that suits her plan for delivery.
However, she's a strong advocate of helping women tap into their God-given instincts for a natural birth.
Not only is she a mom with a passion for graphic design and doula services, she owns another passion from another journey in her life. Through the motions of motherhood and as a business owner she lost sight of her own health.
So, that's when her passion to be a fitness coach blossomed.
Now, she's a writer and encourager on the online platform at Birth N Wellness Hub. Here you will find Rosemarie's callings wrapped together to bless many women among her. She dives into mommyhood, wellness, fitness, and birthing stories and options.
Here are 10 workouts she recommends for busy moms.
Visit the full article on 7 Healthy Habits for Moms on the Passion Brewing Momma Blog!
Welcome to episode number 7: Why Every Mom Needs Bucket List Goals.
Do you want more time to do those things pressing on your heart this year?
Feeling a little hopeless and exhausted already from those little minions running around?
So How Can We Look At Goals Differently?
I love a to-do list. I like to complete something before I move onto the next thing. But honestly, goals feel more like one more thing I have to do.
And, they are constantly reminding me of how much I fail.
And eventually, my goals get thrown in the back of my closet with my misfit clothes I'll wear someday.
So why am I blabbering about the nonsense of goals if they don't work?
If we don't have goals we are working towards absolutely nothing.
Read the full article on Why Every Mom Needs Bucket List Goals on the Passion Brewing Momma Blog!
Copyright 2016 Whitney Henry. All rights reserved.


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16 Movie Locations that will Make You Fall in Love with Europe
Pack your popcorn, we're taking you on an epic journey to some of Europe's most cinematic destinations…
Kerry, Star Wars Episode VII The Force Awakens: When scouting for locations for Star Wars The Force Awakens VII, the rugged good looks of Co. Kerry's Skellig Michael captured the imagination of producers. And the love affair didn't end there. LucasFilm was so taken with Ireland's west coast that they shot scenes for the upcoming Star Wars: Episode VIII in Cork, Kerry, Clare and Donegal.
Fly to Kerry
Dublin, Once: Once, the little Irish indie film that went all the way to the Oscars, was filmed on location around Dublin's city centre, most notably Grafton Street where the main characters meet for the first time. In 2008 Glen Hansard and Marketa Irglova won an Academy Award for their ballad "Falling Slowly."
Fly to Dublin
Girl with a Pearl Earring: Although based in the town of Delft in the Netherlands, much of 2003's Girl with a Pearl Earring was actually shot in specially constructed sets within the chocolate-box surroundings of Luxembourg.
Fly to Luxembourg
Amsterdam, The Fault in Our Stars: The cobbled streets and waterways of Amsterdam played a leading role in 2014 tear-jerker The Fault in Our Stars. Famous and not so well-known attractions have become places of pilgrimage for teenage fans of the film, not least the canal bench located at Leidsegracht 4, where the Herengracht and Leidsegracht canals meet.
Paris, Amélie: 2001's magical French comedy Amélie features over 80 locations in Paris. From Café des Deaux Moulins on rue Lepic (where Amélie worked as a waitress), to Canal Saint-Martin where she's shown skimming stones, most of the beautiful backdrops from the movie are part and parcel of real-life Paris.
Fly to Paris-Beauvais
Dordogne, Chocolat: Starring Johnny Depp and Juliet Binoche, Chocolat tells the story of a small chocolate shop and its unexpected effect on the lives of the locals in a sleepy French village. Set in the fictional town of Lansquenet-sous-Tannes, most of the filming took place in the pretty villages of Flavigny-sur-Ozerain in Burgundy and Beynac-et-Cazenac in the Dordogne region.
Fly to Brive
Bruges, In Bruges: Specially themed tours have been popping up all over Bruges ever since 2008's In Bruges put the Belgian city firmly on the map. The Belfry of Bruges, Basilica of the Holy Blood and Relais Bourgondisch Cruyce hotel are just some of the hotspots to look out for if you're planning to follow the Colin Farrell/ Brendan Gleeson trail.
Fly to Brussels
Barcelona, Vicky Cristina Barcelona: When writing the script for Vicky Cristina Barcelona, Woody Allen is quoted as saying "I wasn't thinking of anything other than creating a story that had Barcelona as a character. I wanted to honour Barcelona because I love that city very much." True to his word, the romantic comedy starring Scarlett Johansson, Javier Bardem and Penelope Cruz, pays tribute to plenty of Barcelona's best bits including Park Guell, Sagrada Familia and Casa Milá.
Fly to Barcelona
Santiago, The Way: Emilio Estevez's 2010 adventure flick, The Way shines a light on Spain's traditional Camino de Santiago pilgrimage, also known as The Way of Saint James. The film was shot on location over a 40-day period and followed the traditional pilgrim route through Northern Spain's countryside taken by thousands of walkers and hikers every year. The final scenes were recorded inside the famous cathedral in Santiago de Compostela.
Fly to Santiago
Tuscany, Under the Tuscan Sun: Showcasing the Tuscan countryside in all its beautiful, sepia-toned glory, you'd be forgiven for wanting to up sticks to Italy after watching Diane Lane make the move in 2003's Under the Tuscan Sun. In case you're wondering, Cortona, Montepulciano and Florence provided the real-life backdrops in the movie.
Fly to Pisa
Verona, Letters to Juliet: 2010's Letters to Juliet sees Amanda Seyfried solving the mystery of a love affair between two long lost sweethearts. Fancy following in her footsteps? Visit Juliet's House, the fabled home of Shakespeare's heroine, located on Via Cappello. Don't leave without getting a photo on the famous balcony.
Fly to Verona
Venice, Casino Royale: Having also appeared in From Russia With Love and Moonraker, Venice is no stranger to the Bond franchise. But in Casino Royale, Daniel Craig makes the ultimate entrance when he sweeps into the Grand Canal in a 45ft yacht. St Mark's Square and the the 17th century Palazzo Pisani Moretta also make cameo appearances.
Fly to Venice
Gladiator: Strange but true – for Ridley Scott's epic blockbuster Gladiator, Fort Ricasoli in Kalkara, Malta stood in as ancient Rome. Rather than film in the Italian capital, a replica of the Colosseum was built to around one third of the actual size and outdoor market sets were constructed around the site to give the right look and feel.
Fly to Malta
Scottish Highlands, Rob Roy: Unlike that other Scottish epic, Braveheart (which was mostly filmed in Ireland), 1995's Rob Roy was shot entirely in Scotland – Glen Coe, Glen Nevis, and Glen Tarbert are just some of the Highland settings that made the cut.
Fly to Aberdeen
Surrey, The Holiday: Cameron Diaz swaps her plush LA mansion with Kate Winslet's cute English cottage in this romantic comedy, also starring Jude Law and Jack Black. The snow covered countryside of Surrey provided the backdrop for much of the UK-based drama, especially the charming village of Shere.
Fly to London Gatwick
Kings Cross Station, London, Harry Potter: In the Harry Potter series, King's Cross Station is where the students of Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry board the Hogwart's Express. Harry and co. reach the platform by disappearing through a brick wall between platforms 9 and 10. In the actual King's Cross Station in London, platforms 9 and 10 are separated by tracks. The good news for fans is that there's a plaque marking platform 9¾ on the wall in the station. Selfie, anyone?
Fly to London Stansted
-Fiona Hilliard
Amsterdam Brussels Dublin Brive Malta Verona Luxembourg Barcelona London Kerry Venice Pisa Paris City Breaks
The best places to sunbathe in Bournemouth
8 Blue and Yellow Cities You Need to See with Ryanair
48 Hours in Vilnius
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The Hills are Still Alive in Salzburg
9 Getaways for Every Type of Budget


The validity of a ruling is not affected merely because a provision of this Part relating to the form of the ruling or the procedure for making it has not been complied with.
S 357-90 inserted by No 161 of 2005, s 3 and Sch 2 item 1, applicable to things done on or after 1 January 2006. For transitional provisions see note under Div 357 heading.


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Abhyasa means practice, or the effort towards aligning and re-aligning one's attention to the present moment. This training establishes you in the roots and rituals of Yoga through practice and presence.
We will employ the yogic practices of asana, pranayama (breath work), chanting, and various methods of meditation as our elemental practice. You will gain a profound understanding of the foundational asanas as alignment tools for safe physical practice, and for yoking the mind to the moment. Asanas are presented as elemental, sustaining, and deepening as well as a means to return to center to illuminate the path of creative sequencing.
In addition, we will consider various ethical observances to inform and sustain our choices on our mats, with our students, and in daily life.
*Part 1 of the SmartFLOW 200 Hour Teacher Training. SmartFLOW® Yoga is an intelligent marriage of mindful movement with compassionate, wakeful alignment. A SmartFLOW® practice is at once physically and mentally challenging, rooted in classical yoga, yet safe and playful, tempered by modern anatomy and community connection.


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How to Calculate the Number of Moles of Collected Hydrogen Gas
••• luchschen/iStock/GettyImages
How to Measure Hydrogen Gas
By Contributing Writer
Hydrogen gas has the chemical formula H2 and the molecular weight of 2. This gas is the lightest substance among all chemical compounds and the most abundant element in the universe. Hydrogen gas has also drawn significant attention as a potential energy source. Hydrogen can be obtained, for example, by electrolysis of the water. You calculate the amount of hydrogen in moles either from the gas mass or using the ideal gas law.
Familiarize yourself with the ideal gas law that is given as PV = nRT; where "P" represents pressure, "V" is volume, "n" is the number of moles of a gas and "T" is temperature. "R" stands for the molar gas constant, which is 8.314472. The gas constant lets you work with the standard units of Kelvins for temperature, moles of gas amount, pressure in pascals and volume in cubic meters.
Add the value 273.15 to the temperature in Celsius (C) to convert it to Kelvin (K).
For example, if the hydrogen was collected at 20C, this temperature would correspond to 293.15 (273.15 + 20) K.
Multiply the pressure commonly expressed in atmospheres (atm) by 101,325 to convert the pressure to the International System of Units pascal (Pa).
For example, if the collected gas is under the pressure of 2 atm, it will convert to 101,325 x 2 atm = 202,650 Pa.
Convert the volume of the collected gas into cubic meters.
For example, if the volume is given in liters (L) divide it by 1,000. Thus, 25 liters corresponds to 0.025 (25 /1,000) cubic meters.
Multiply the volume and pressure and divide the product by the temperature and the molar gas constant to calculate moles of the hydrogen gas.
In the example, the amount of hydrogen is 202,650 x 0.025 / 293.15 x 8.314472 = 2.078 moles.
Use the mass of the hydrogen gas to calculate the gas moles directly; divide the hydrogen weight by its molar mass of 2 g/mole.
For example, 250 grams (g) of the hydrogen gas corresponds to 250 g / 2 g/mole = 125 moles.
Avoid sparks or open flame when working with hydrogen gas, as it is flammable and explosive.
Georgia State University Physics Department
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
How to Calculate Moles From Liters
How to Calculate Volume at STP
How to Find Partial Pressures
How to Convert Specific Gravity in Weight
How to Convert Gas From a Volume Percent to a Weight Percent
How to Convert Moles to Pressure
How to Convert ATM Pressure to Celsius


Do you "know" that the Bible tells what happens to them, what is it, and if not, what do you think happens to them?
Depends on your understanding of "soul".
When David's son dies, David says that he will go to Him (in heaven).
So, presumably they are in heaven.
claysmithr wrote: When David's son dies, David says that he will go to Him (in heaven).
David's son also wasn't a woman.
God's requirements for salvation include specific understandings and acknowledgements that some humans do not have - babies, young children, those severely mentally handicapped or mentally ill (the latter if their condition is since childhood) - these cannot adequately understand the Gospel, particularly in relation to their own sin and guilt, although younger children can (depending upon their maturity level) have a simple understanding of the Gospel message. And so God places responsibility for people's response to Him, upon those who have adequate understandings. He doesn't ask people to do what they cannot. And as we know God is just, IS Love, desires ALL would come to faith, takes no pleasure in the spiritual death of anyone, and we know of His character, mercy and justice. I would say we have every reason to trust that He sees to it that those in this described category make it into Heaven. Perhaps, children or babies who die actually grow up in Heaven? At some point, they will know and understand all about Jesus. How does all of this work - I don't know. But I do trust a God with such love as Jesus showed, with such children and people.
The spirit given by Our Lord, returns to Our Lord.
No, but the logic follows. Especially since we know a fetus has a spirit and is a person.
Kurieuo wrote: David's son also wasn't a woman.
I don't understand this comment?
It was in response to Nessa's comment, "davids son was not an aborted fetus." Think on it a little.
I dont understand either? Maybe its a blonde thing.
This thread is pertaining to unborn fetuses not babies out of the womb.
Last edited by Nessa on Tue Jan 30, 2018 6:21 pm, edited 2 times in total.
If the poster meant all babies in and out of the womb, they would have specified perhaps?
Aborted fetus go to heaven.
Correct, David's son wasn't an aborted fetus, neither was his son female. I'm trying to change my posting ways to give a shorter response, but I guess I'm being too enigmatic so I'll try unpack in classical Kurieuo style.
Why is it relevant that David's son, a born baby who died, wasn't an aborted fetus (i.e., a baby who died inutero)? The only way this isn't a valid comparison is if you identify some aspect David's baby possessed which a fetus doesn't share. Yet, as with those who condone being able to kill babies inutero (i.e., abortion), your options are limited to: Size, Level of Development, Environment, Degree of Dependancy (SLED).
In pointing out David's son wasn't female, I was simply highlighting another aspect I saw as being different. You might consider it irrelevant that David's baby wasn't a girl, but given his baby was a boy can we really assume David would have been reunited with his baby had it been a girl? In all seriousness, I would agree that a gender distinction is irrelevant, just like your born/inutero distinction, because what is important is simply whether we have an individual human life present.
So then, Clay's 2 Sam 12:23 seems to be a valid comparison. Where it might become strained isn't as I see with the nature of a born baby versus one inutero (a fetus), but rather in making a hasty generalisation. That is, drawing a general conclusion that because David would be united with his baby who is presumably awaiting with God (a particular instance), that such applies to everyone who has lost a baby.
I agree with your end conclusion but I still think its a seperate issue depending on what you believe. If we lump it all together then we are assuming everyone thinks as we do.
The original posted made the seperation himself by not generalising all babies. To me, I would stay with that seperation.
Nessa wrote: I agree with your end conclusion but I still think its a seperate issue depending on what you believe. If we lump it all together then we are assuming everyone thinks as we do.
You may agree with my conclusion, but to press the matter, it seem clear to me that you see a distinction between a baby inutero vs one born. It is that which interests me for you to expand upon.
Because, really, a human baby 10 weeks in the womb is a baby just as valuable as one 20 weeks in the womb, just as valuable as one 30 weeks in the womb, just as value as a newly born baby. For value I see comes inherently in simply being a human life. And what is/isn't human life isn't found in mere belief or opinion, but rather a fact biology can inform us about. A baby at all those stages just mentioned represents an individual human life. One that is complete with their own DNA which isn't identifiable as the mother's, nor belongs to any other species except that which is human.
Fwiw, fetus is a Latin word variously translated "offspring," "young one," or "little child." U777 probably thought himself smart in how he framed his question and used the term "fetus". But, if you read this you should understand better how/why I feel U777's question was loaded.


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In descriptive set theory and mathematical logic, Lusin's separation theorem states that if A and B are disjoint analytic subsets of Polish space, then there is a Borel set C in the space such that A ⊆ C and B ∩ C = ∅. It is named after Nikolai Luzin, who proved it in 1927.

The theorem can be generalized to show that for each sequence (An) of disjoint analytic sets there is a sequence (Bn) of disjoint Borel sets such that An ⊆ Bn for each n.

An immediate consequence is Suslin's theorem, which states that if a set and its complement are both analytic, then the set is Borel.

Notes

References

 ( for the European edition)
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Descriptive set theory
Theorems in the foundations of mathematics
Theorems in topology