The Social Change Agency is supporting UK Aid Match, a 5-year, £150 million programme run by the Department for International Development (DFID) currently changing the lives of over 3 million of the world's poorest people with UK aid.
For every £1 given by the public to a UK Aid Match charity appeal, the government adds £1 from the UK's international development budget. The first phase of UK Aid Match, launched between 2013 and 2016, funded 59 appeals run by civil society organisations (CSOs). In Jan 2017, The Social Change Agency was selected along with MannionDaniels and four other consortium partners to support the next iteration of UK Aid Match.
Over the next five years, we are aiming to support 100s more CSO's through the fund. Working with Mannion Daniels and DfID, we will be providing communication, programme and alternative fundraising support to international aid charities across the UK.
From June 2017 to May 2019 we will run a comprehensive research programme with the international development sector to help improve the communication component of UK Aid Match; looking at the levers of change around the fund alongside narrative change and support for small CSO's.
The second round of UK Aid Match opened in April 2018 with 24 CSO's awarded the fund. We are currently supporting the communications around their appeals. The third round opened on the 22 of Oct and can be found here.


Home Beauty Back To '90s!
While we are watching TV series or movies shot in the '90s, most of the time we've laughed at these pants as we are now used to wearing the ones with low-waist. But, they've taken the stage to make many fashion lovers happy.


The best fitness articles for the week ending Nov 3, 2013 as chosen by thePTDC.
From Jon: Each Sunday thePTDC will publishing a list of the top articles from around the web in 5 different categories: bodybuilding, general health, fat loss, strength training, and nutrition.
Having a man weigh in on women, body-esteem, and self-esteem might seem like a recipe for disaster, but Bret Contreras offers some significant and useful ideas for ways to change our training focus from an exercise in comparative aesthetics to an exercise in self-love.


text:
Bruce Cabot, nome artístico de Étienne Pelissier Jacques de Bujac (Carlsbad,  - Woodland Hills, ), foi um ator estadunidense, que coestrelou a primeira versão do clássico King Kong.

Vida e carreira
Cabot era neto de um embaixador da França nos Estados Unidos e antes de começar a carreira de ator foi vaqueiro, petroleiro e boxeador.

Era um homem alto, de queixo grande, e suas façanhas fora das telas foram tão variadas quanto alguns de seus papéis nos filmes; foi um parceiro de farras do Rei Farouk do Egito, e ainda de Errol Flynn e seus amigos, dentre os quais o playboy brasileiro Jorge Guinle, nos anos 1940 - com ambos saindo com atrizes como Lana Turner, Veronica Lake e Linda Darnell. Frequentava com habitualidade as estâncias de férias e de jogos europeias, e foi grande amigo de John Wayne.

Tendo começado a carreira em Hollywood no começo da década de 1930, fez sua estreia como vilão em The Roadhouse Murder; em 1933, foi o explorador que traz para Nova Iorque o gorila gigante King Kong, atuando ao lado de Fay Wray.

Atuou em vários papéis principais em filmes variados, como Glory Command, Flying Devils, Midshipman Jack, Sundown e Wild Bill Hickok Rides. Depois passou a papéis secundários, e fez um índio em The Last of the Mohicans, e aparições em Dodge City, Susan and God e Don't Gamble with Love. Ainda figurou em Angel and the Badman, Gunfighters, Fancy Pants e The Gallant Legion; um de seus últimos filmes foi Hellfighters, também com John Wayne, o amigo que lhe conseguia papéis nos seus últimos anos.

Diagnosticado com câncer de pulmão, submetera-se a um tratamento com radiação no Loma Linda University Medical Center; em janeiro de 1972 foi internado no Motion Picture Country House and Hospital, em Woodland Hills, onde morreu.

Ligações externas

Atores dos Estados Unidos
Mortes por câncer de pulmão

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Josephine Leslie (1898–1979) was an Irish writer, usually under the name R. A. Dick (taking the initials from her sea captain father, Robert Abercromby). She most famously wrote the 1945 novel The Ghost and Mrs. Muir, which was made into a 1947 film and adapted for a 1960s TV series.

She also wrote the novel The Devil and Mrs. Devine.

Selected works
 Dick, R. A. (1945). The Ghost and Mrs. Muir. London, White Lion Ltd.
 Dick, R. A. (1954). Unpainted Portrait. London, Hodder and Stoughton.
 Leslie, J. (1975). The Devil and Mrs Devine. London, Millington.

References

Sources
 Stetz, Margaret D (1996) "The Ghost and Mrs. Muir: Laughing with the captain in the house", Studies in the Novel, Vol. 28, Iss 1, (Spring 1996), pp. 93–112.

1898 births
1979 deaths
Irish fantasy writers
20th-century Irish women writers


text:
57th & 9th124
All News2766
Back To Bass Tour125
Member Exclusive44
My Songs101
On Stage Together with Paul Simon65
Rock Paper Scissors with Peter Gabriel27
Sting: 25 Years51
Summer Tour 201229
Summer Tour 20167
Symphonicity142
The Last Ship194
The Police190
Sting's Salvation: Songwriter Opens Up to Rolling Stone About Dark Obsessions, Rock Rebirth...
Sting sits on a stool in a rehearsal space on Sunset Boulevard in Los Angeles. He cradles his bass and waits for drummer Vinnie Colaiuta to count in "50,000," a rocking lament to Bowie, Prince, Lemmy and others lost this year. It's from 57th & 9th, his first rock album in 13 years. His Springsteen-esque biceps pop out of a gray T-shirt. (Those muscles made middle-age women gasp and fan themselves at a downtown acoustic show the night before.) Muffled, ungodly sounds leak through the walls. It's Kiss mucking about next door. "Do you know Gene Simmons?" asked Sting later. "An interesting guy."
Colaiuta starts the count, and an Australian camera crew filming the proceedings moves in for a close-up. Sting halts his band for a moment. He sends his fingers on a not-so-secret journey.
"OK, no boogers."
A publicist titters, but Sting gives a naughty grin and shrugs: "It's always good to check."
In the three days I spent with him, Sting played against the cliché of him as a dour rock god with an overly earnest sense of self-importance. Sometimes he failed: He humble-bragged that he received an award from BMI for "For Every Breath You Take" being played 13 million times in the United States. "That's quite a lot," he said with arched eyebrows. This was shortly after he marveled about Bob Dylan's I'm-not-there attitude toward winning the Nobel Prize.
Still, Sting now seems in on the joke that he is a tantric-sex-practicing, lute-playing semi-egomaniac. He now sends up his own exalted image with comic timing. During a break in rehearsal, he did an extended riff on his much-maligned lute album from a decade ago, Songs From the Labyrinth, which he takes pains to point out sold a million copies. "People had a go at me," he says as we sit cross-legged in the studio parking lot to try and get away from Simmons' caterwauling. "People were like, 'I don't want to listen to the fucking lute.' I'd say, 'What's wrong with the lute?'" He pauses and smiles. "I think the instrument suffers from the Monty Pythonization of the lute."
But the levity only goes so far. After a break, the band, including longtime guitarist Dominic Miller, cranks out "50,000," which contains the cheery lyric:
I'm feeling a little better today,
Although the bathroom mirror is telling me something else.
These lines of stress,
One bloodshot eye,
The unhealthy pallor of a troubled ghost.
Where did I put my spectacle case?
I'm half blind and as deaf as any post.
OK, so Sting is never gonna be the rock & roll equivalent of the office clown blowing beer out of his nose at the office Christmas party. "I think death is the most interesting subject in any art form, whether it's literature or poetry or opera," Sting told me a month earlier while talking about "50,000" in his New York home on Central Park West. He'd just shown me a 1962 photo of the street he grew up on in Newcastle in England, with a looming shipyard at the end of the block. Everything in that neighborhood has turned to dust; his house, his parents, the shipyard. Staring at the photo had put him in a melancholy mood, an emotional state that he admits he revels in a little too much.
"Pop music is supposed to be about girlfriends and cars and the color of your shoes," he says. The banality of pop music is a familiar Sting trope that has led him to be accused of taking himself way, way, way too seriously since his "King of Pain" days. He pets his dog, a pointer named Compass. "I'm 64. Most of my life has been lived already, and then, like most of us when a cultural icon dies, we're children." He stretches his palms outward. "Because you think, 'How could he or she die?'"
He cheerily admits to being a workaholic; he notoriously slept through the birth of his first child. I ask him if he thought he'd made enough time for his six children – two of whom are musicians – in between his touring and recording. "That's a good question," he says. "If my kids would ever complain about that, I would say to them, only half serious or half not serious, 'For some reason, you chose me as a parent.' Not I chose you, you chose me. Because that makes them less of a victim. They've all turned out beautifully. I give all credit to their mothers." He pauses for a moment. "Was I a perfect parent? No. I wasn't parented terribly well myself, so I didn't really have an idea."
We agree to pick up the conversation in a few weeks. On the way out of a living room lined with books, I point at a painting I liked, an abstract with a lightbulb in the middle. "Oh, that's a Basquiat," says Sting offhandedly as he sips a cup of tea. Andy [Warhol] did the lightbulb." He whispers the next bit. "My grandchildren like to come in and put their hands all over it. They don't know what it is." He grins. "It's great."
Sting named 57th & 9th after a Manhattan corner he would cross every morning on the way to the studio. He'd stop and meditate for a moment about his day to come and days past before crossing the clotted street. He spends much of his time in New York with his wife, Trudie Styler, a film producer. His kids are grown, and he and Styler are now empty nesters. He appreciates the relative anonymity Manhattan provides him. "People here are all in their own TV show," he says. "They might stop and say, 'Hey, Sting, I like your music,' or 'Hey, Sting, you suck,' but then you just go on."
Over the past decade, Sting has done everything but record a rock record. Besides that lute album, there was an orchestral version of his greatest hits, a Police reunion and the passion project of The Last Ship, a musical set in the Newcastle shipyard neighborhood of his childhood. It wasn't a financial success – Sting had to step into a lead role to goose ticket sales – but he says he cherished every moment he spent working on the project.
He has a complicated relationship with Newcastle; the new album has a song called "Heading South on the Old North Road," about escaping one's hometown, and he points out there is a reason why the best song by Newcastle's the Animals was "We Gotta Get Out of This Place." It was one of Sting's theme songs back when he was a boy delivering milk with his silent father in the predawn hours. His parents were stuck in a sullen, infidelity-infested marriage, and Sting couldn't wait to get out on his own. "I've always considered myself in exile," says Sting. "Not really from my hometown, but from my country. I live in New York, but I'm not American. Exile is a useful point of view for an artist. Look at someone like James Joyce." He quickly adds, "Not that I'm fucking James Joyce."
Unlike on his previous solo albums, where songs and arrangements would be painstakingly laid out beforehand, Sting entered the studio for 57th & 9th with nothing – no lyrics, no melodies and no concept. "We would just ping-pong lines back and forth," he says. "A bass line or something until we had a riff or a tune we liked."
Sting is a prodigious walker – you can often see him strolling through Central Park – and he'd think about the songs while moving about. But he still had to write the words. So, he would get home from a walk, pour himself a cup of coffee, put on his heavy coat, grab his guitar, and sit on his frigid balcony with gorgeous views of the Manhattan skyline. He didn't allow himself into the house until he'd written a set of lyrics. "I wrote four songs in two days," says Sting. "It was fucking cold."
Sting then brought the songs inside, usually playing them for Trudie, who Sting claims is his toughest critic. "She won't say something is awful," he says with a long-married smile. "But I can tell." Except for "Heading South on the Great North Road," Sting says he's playing a character on every song on the album. The lead single, "I Can't Stop Thinking About You," comes across on first listen as a straight-ahead love song, but it's really, according to Sting, about an artist searching for his muse. It's a standard Sting approach – going back to "Every Breath You Take," a stalker song disguised as a love ballad. "People aren't really used to songs being articulate anymore," says Sting, slipping into the mode of the schoolteacher he once was. "They're just kind of meaningless. They have the semblance of meaning, but it's not connected. I don't like that. I like songs that actually mean something."
Sting has been writing covert protest songs since the Police's "Driven to Tears," so it's not a surprise that there's a passel of slightly disguised political songs on the record. "One Fine Day" humorously deals with the quixotic hope that climate change is in fact a myth as the world melts around us. "Ishallah" tackles the refugee crisis from a humanitarian point of view, and "Empty Chair" is an ode to foreign correspondent James Foley, who was executed by ISIS in 2014. A recent interviewer recently linked Sting to Woody Guthrie, a comparison that baffles him. "Woody Guthrie, that I've never heard," says Sting with a smirk. "Woody Woodpecker, yes."
As a legal alien in America, he tried to hold his tongue on the subject of Donald Trump, but he was crestfallen by the Brexit vote in his native Britain. "The concept was introduced by Winston Churchill in 1946," says Sting, offering a brief history lesson. "He said we should have a trading group and then we won't fight. Well, sure enough, 70 years of peace on the continent. Before, we had been knocking the crap out of each other for centuries. Now what?"
Sting has been an activist for more than 30 years, but he keeps a lower profile about it these days, content to run his Rainforest Foundation Fund with Styler and a board of experts, working on smaller projects that help people in 21 countries in the subequatorial parts of the world. "Sometimes, when you're a star, the media tends to follow wherever you point your finger," he says. "I'm done with that approach."
The politics of his songs have evolved as well. We talk about "We Work the Black Seam," a 1985 lament about Thatcherism, the danger of nuclear power and the loss of coal jobs in Newcastle and other areas that were dear to Sting's childhood. Now, he is more versed in the downside of dirty coal and the necessity of nuclear power. "What we know about power, I would say my position has shifted," he says. "I think if we're going to tackle global warming, I think nuclear power is the only way you can create massive amounts of power."
Inside, the band is waiting. He wants to make one thing perfectly clear.
"But hey, I'm not a scientist."
Between our two visits, I turned 50 while Sting hit 65. He was keen to talk about the mileposts, even if, when we first met, he professed not knowing exactly how old he was. Now a senior citizen, Sting still looks, annoyingly, 38. It's not by accident. Every morning he swims laps for an hour while listening to the Bach cello concertos played by Yo-Yo Ma. He then does a Pilates class. He describes himself as "vain and disciplined." I ask if there was ever a point where he'd let himself go and put on 20 or 30 pounds post-tour. He looks at me as if I was mad: "Fuck no! I'd kill myself. I'd just die of shame. I'm a fattist when it comes to myself."
The one thing Sting has failed at is a return to vegetarianism. He swore to me by the next time we talked he'd have given up meat, but it hadn't happened. "We had a farm in England where we had livestock, so I thought, 'Well, I better eat them,'" he says with a shrug. "I know we got to stop eating meat because it's killing the environment."
With all the talk of self-preservation, you could get the idea that Sting was one of those celebrities who have convinced themselves that their exalted state in the people food chain means, just possibly, that they'll never die. Not so. The day before he turned 65, he played before a crowd of 100,000 at halftime of Australian Rules football's version of the Super Bowl, in Melbourne. He then spent most of his birthday alone at his hotel thinking about having more days behind him than in front of him.
He spends an inordinate amount of time thinking and writing about death. His parents died young, and Sting skipped their funerals, blaming touring responsibilities, but now knows it was a mistake. Still, he hasn't exactly made his peace with the end. "I have been thinking about death since I was a kid," says Sting, who was raised Catholic. "I get a kind of spiritual vertigo. I was brought up in a religious background with ideas of eternity, eternal torment or eternal heaven, which sounded just as tormented to me. I became obsessed with it, maybe morbid about it."
One of Sting's attempts to parse mortality has been through multiple experiences taking the drug ayahuasca, a psychedelic popular in South American spiritual ceremonies. "I think it's a way of rehearsing the feeling of being dead," he says, stressing it's not a pleasure drug. "Every time, I have to work up the courage to do it. You basically face your mortality, and it's as if you're dead, out of time. Your whole life passes front of you in this other realm. I can only sound vague about it. Most people die in total panic. Terror. I think there's another way. We're supposed to die. There must be a way to die peacefully and welcoming."
Listening to Sting and his band play songs from 57th & 9th, one of the first things I notice is that there is clear space between the instruments. Love him or hate him, Sting's songs are rarely cluttered with a cacophony of sound to disguise the lack of an idea. There's a touch of audio aloofness to them, as if Sting has a secret that he's not quite letting you in on. That aloofness is present in his personality as well. You get a sense that he's throwing a jab that keeps the rest of the world from grabbing him in a clinch. "I've been with him for 27 years, but I wouldn't say we are very close," says Dominic Miller, his long-time guitarist. "I remember meeting him for the first time and my instinct was saying, 'Don't get too close to this guy on a personal level' – there was an emotional distance." Miller stubs out a cigarette. "But what I can do is get very close to him on a musical level."
The loner part of Sting is largely responsible for the Police breaking up after only nine years. "A band is a democracy," says Sting. "Or the semblance of democracy. You have to pretend more in a band." While he claimed to have enjoyed the Police's 2007 reunion, Sting might be fibbing. "It was a return back to that forced democracy and reminded me just why I'm not in the band," he says. "It was Stewart's band. He started it, he named it, and it was his concept." I ask if the band was still a democracy by 1983, the time of Synchronicity and Policemania. He slyly smiles and shrugs. "No."
Sting is still friendly with ex-bandmates Andy Summers and Copeland, who he saw before a Hollywood Bowl show last year. He said the reunion tour isn't likely to be repeated again: "For me, it closed the circle. We'd never officially broke up. It was perfect timing. For me, it feels complete."
Listening in on his rehearsal with his current band, Sting seems more relaxed and forgiving. "One of us can make a mistake and he just goes with it or it opens a new avenue," says Miller. That is real growth for Sting from his earlier days. Asked about his long reputation for being a not-so-benevolent dictator, he readily nods his head. "I used to be an arrogant, feisty old fucker. I'm a better bandleader. I'm a more calm person." He pauses a second and gives a Cheshire grin. "I think."
The calmer Sting was present the night after the presidential election in New York. While the citizens of Manhattan freaked out and binge drank before a show at Irving Plaza, Sting appeared and acknowledged that many in the crowd had been "traumatized." Instead of a lecture, he led the crowd in chanting the very British slogan: Keep Calm and Carry On. Perhaps not coincidentally, he launched into "Message in a Bottle," and the well-heeled crowd sang a little louder at the chorus: "Sending out an S.O.S. Sending out an S.O.S. ..."
There was more healing to do a few days later in Paris. Sting reopened the Bataclan, where, last November, 89 concertgoers were murdered by Islamic terrorists. He addressed the crowd in French. "We will not forget them," Sting said. "Tonight we have two tasks to settle. First, to remember and honor those who lost their life in the attacks. Then, to celebrate life and music."
Ambition in the young and beautiful can leave a sour taste. Ambition in the old and beautiful can be endearing. The night before his band rehearsal, Sting did an acoustic sing-and-talk show at the Grammy Museum in Los Angeles. Sting was busy being Sting, questioning why he had to hold a microphone, barely not rolling his eyes at questions he thought banal and asking his host to guess how many years it would take to listen to all of his music that had been accessed on Spotify – just his solo work, mind you, no Police work. When the host shrugged, Sting told him, "Twenty-seven years. Imagine that."
He also reported that "I Can't Stop Thinking About You" had entered the charts at Number Four on something called the Adult Alternative airplay chart. Sting hadn't made any chart for a decade, and you could tell it meant a lot to him. But there was more to the story that he didn't share with the audience. His musician daughter, Eliot Sumner, was on the same chart, right ahead of her father.
He had told me the story earlier: "It was fantastic. She was thrilled and said, 'Ah, Dad, we're in the same chart."' He paused for a second, and the mask Sting sometimes wears fell over his chiseled face. "She actually had one more play than me."
I couldn't tell if he was serious or not. And then he broke into a toothy smile. For a moment, Sting wasn't Sting, just a proud father. It was a good look on him.
(c) Rolling Stone by Stephen Rodrick
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Trudie Styler and Sting invite you to 'Baby It's Cold Outside'...
The 2016 Revlon Holiday Concert for the Rainforest Fund with performances by Chris Botti, Sting, Bruce Springsteen, James Taylor, Darlene Love, Ronnie Spector and more holiday surprises... Wednesday evening, December 14th AT 7PM, Stern Auditorium/ Perelman Stage at Carnegie Hall. In celebration of the Holiday Season, Rainforest Fund co-founders Sting and Trudie Styler announce that they will be joined by the special guests listed above and more artists to be named shortly for the Rainforest Fund Benefit concert, "BABY IT'S COLD OUTSIDE"...
Jo Whiley - An Evening with Sting on BBC Radio 2...
Jo chats to Sting at 8pm on November 22 on BBC Radio 2 as he has released his first rock album for thirteen years. Sting named the album '57th & 9th' after the intersection in New York he went past every day when recording the album. Jo finds out what inspired his new music as Sting describes it as having a spontaneous feel, featuring "a lot of rock 'n' roll" with themes of searching, travelling, the road and the pull of the unknown.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
package org.apache.geode.cache.query.internal;

import java.io.StringReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Stack;

import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;

import org.apache.geode.cache.query.FunctionDomainException;
import org.apache.geode.cache.query.NameResolutionException;
import org.apache.geode.cache.query.QueryInvalidException;
import org.apache.geode.cache.query.QueryInvocationTargetException;
import org.apache.geode.cache.query.TypeMismatchException;
import org.apache.geode.cache.query.internal.parse.GemFireAST;
import org.apache.geode.cache.query.internal.parse.OQLLexer;
import org.apache.geode.cache.query.internal.parse.OQLLexerTokenTypes;
import org.apache.geode.cache.query.internal.parse.OQLParser;
import org.apache.geode.cache.query.internal.types.CollectionTypeImpl;
import org.apache.geode.cache.query.internal.types.MapTypeImpl;
import org.apache.geode.cache.query.internal.types.ObjectTypeImpl;
import org.apache.geode.cache.query.internal.types.TypeUtils;
import org.apache.geode.cache.query.types.CollectionType;
import org.apache.geode.cache.query.types.MapType;
import org.apache.geode.cache.query.types.ObjectType;
import org.apache.geode.internal.Assert;
import org.apache.geode.internal.InternalDataSerializer;
import org.apache.geode.internal.logging.LogService;

/**
 * Class Description
 *
 * @version $Revision: 1.1 $s
 */
public class QCompiler implements OQLLexerTokenTypes {
  private static final Logger logger = LogService.getLogger();

  private Stack stack = new Stack();
  private Map imports = new HashMap();
  private final boolean isForIndexCompilation;
  private boolean traceOn;

  public QCompiler() {
    this.isForIndexCompilation = false;
  }

  public QCompiler(boolean isForIndexCompilation) {
    this.isForIndexCompilation = isForIndexCompilation;
  }

  /*
   * compile the string into a Query (returns the root CompiledValue)
   */
  public CompiledValue compileQuery(String oqlSource) {
    try {
      OQLLexer lexer = new OQLLexer(new StringReader(oqlSource));
      OQLParser parser = new OQLParser(lexer);
      // by default use Unsupported AST class, overridden for supported
      // operators in the grammer proper
      parser.setASTNodeClass("org.apache.geode.cache.query.internal.parse.ASTUnsupported");
      parser.queryProgram();
      GemFireAST n = (GemFireAST) parser.getAST();
      n.compile(this);
    } catch (Exception ex) { // This is to make sure that we are wrapping any antlr exception with
                             // GemFire Exception.
      throw new QueryInvalidException(
          String.format("Syntax error in query: %s", ex.getMessage()),
          ex);
    }
    Assert.assertTrue(stackSize() == 1, "stack size = " + stackSize());
    return (CompiledValue) pop();
  }

  /** Returns List<CompiledIteratorDef> */
  public List compileFromClause(String fromClause) {
    try {
      OQLLexer lexer = new OQLLexer(new StringReader(fromClause));
      OQLParser parser = new OQLParser(lexer);
      // by default use Unsupported AST class, overridden for supported
      // operators in the grammer proper
      parser.setASTNodeClass("org.apache.geode.cache.query.internal.parse.ASTUnsupported");
      parser.loneFromClause();
      GemFireAST n = (GemFireAST) parser.getAST();
      n.compile(this);
    } catch (Exception ex) { // This is to make sure that we are wrapping any antlr exception with
                             // GemFire Exception.
      throw new QueryInvalidException(
          String.format("Syntax error in query: %s", ex.getMessage()),
          ex);
    }
    Assert.assertTrue(stackSize() == 1, "stack size = " + stackSize());
    return (List) pop();
  }

  /** Returns List<CompiledIteratorDef> or null if projectionAttrs is '*' */
  public List compileProjectionAttributes(String projectionAttributes) {
    try {
      OQLLexer lexer = new OQLLexer(new StringReader(projectionAttributes));
      OQLParser parser = new OQLParser(lexer);
      // by default use Unsupported AST class, overridden for supported
      // operators in the grammer proper
      parser.setASTNodeClass("org.apache.geode.cache.query.internal.parse.ASTUnsupported");
      parser.loneProjectionAttributes();
      GemFireAST n = (GemFireAST) parser.getAST();
      // don't compile TOK_STAR
      if (n.getType() == TOK_STAR) {
        return null;
      }
      n.compile(this);
    } catch (Exception ex) { // This is to make sure that we are wrapping any antlr exception with
                             // GemFire Exception.
      throw new QueryInvalidException(
          String.format("Syntax error in query: %s", ex.getMessage()),
          ex);
    }
    Assert.assertTrue(stackSize() == 1, "stack size = " + stackSize() + ";stack=" + this.stack);
    return (List) pop();
  }

  /**
   * Yogesh: compiles order by clause and push into the stack
   *
   */
  public void compileOrederByClause(int numOfChildren) {
    List list = new ArrayList();
    for (int i = 0; i < numOfChildren; i++) {
      CompiledSortCriterion csc = (CompiledSortCriterion) this.stack.pop();
      list.add(0, csc);
    }
    push(list);
  }

  public void compileGroupByClause(int numOfChildren) {
    List list = new ArrayList();
    for (int i = 0; i < numOfChildren; i++) {
      Object csc = this.stack.pop();
      list.add(0, csc);
    }
    push(list);
  }

  /**
   * Yogesh: compiles sort criteria present in order by clause and push into the stack
   *
   */
  public void compileSortCriteria(String sortCriterion) {

    CompiledValue obj = (CompiledValue) this.stack.pop();
    boolean criterion = false;
    if (sortCriterion.equals("desc"))
      criterion = true;
    CompiledSortCriterion csc = new CompiledSortCriterion(criterion, obj);
    push(csc);

  }

  public void compileLimit(String limitNum) {
    push(Integer.valueOf(limitNum));
  }

  /**
   * Processes import statements only. This compiler instance remembers the imports and can be used
   * to compile other strings with this context info
   */
  public void compileImports(String imports) {
    try {
      OQLLexer lexer = new OQLLexer(new StringReader(imports));
      OQLParser parser = new OQLParser(lexer);
      // by default use Unsupported AST class, overridden for supported
      // operators in the grammer proper
      parser.setASTNodeClass("org.apache.geode.cache.query.internal.parse.ASTUnsupported");
      parser.loneImports();
      GemFireAST n = (GemFireAST) parser.getAST();
      n.compile(this);
    } catch (Exception ex) { // This is to make sure that we are wrapping any antlr exception with
                             // GemFire Exception.
      throw new QueryInvalidException(
          String.format("Syntax error in query: %s", ex.getMessage()),
          ex);
    }
    Assert.assertTrue(stackSize() == 0, "stack size = " + stackSize() + ";stack=" + this.stack);
  }

  public void select(Map<Integer, Object> queryComponents) {

    CompiledValue limit = null;
    Object limitObject = queryComponents.remove(OQLLexerTokenTypes.LIMIT);
    if (limitObject instanceof Integer) {
      limit = new CompiledLiteral(limitObject);
    } else {
      limit = (CompiledBindArgument) limitObject;
    }
    List<CompiledSortCriterion> orderByAttrs =
        (List<CompiledSortCriterion>) queryComponents.remove(OQLLexerTokenTypes.LITERAL_order);

    List iterators = (List) queryComponents.remove(OQLLexerTokenTypes.LITERAL_from);
    List projAttrs = (List) queryComponents.remove(OQLLexerTokenTypes.PROJECTION_ATTRS);
    if (projAttrs == null) {
      // remove any * or all attribute
      queryComponents.remove(OQLLexerTokenTypes.TOK_STAR);
      queryComponents.remove(OQLLexerTokenTypes.LITERAL_all);
    }
    // "COUNT" or null
    /*
     * String aggrExpr = (String) queryComponents .remove(OQLLexerTokenTypes.LITERAL_count);
     */

    // "DISTINCT" or null
    String distinct = (String) queryComponents.remove(OQLLexerTokenTypes.LITERAL_distinct);
    List<String> hints = null;
    Object hintObject = queryComponents.remove(OQLLexerTokenTypes.LITERAL_hint);
    if (hintObject != null) {
      hints = (List<String>) hintObject;
    }

    List<CompiledValue> groupByClause =
        (List<CompiledValue>) queryComponents.remove(OQLLexerTokenTypes.LITERAL_group);

    // whatever remains , treat it as where
    // whereClause
    CompiledValue where = null;

    if (queryComponents.size() == 1) {
      where = (CompiledValue) queryComponents.values().iterator().next();
    } else if (queryComponents.size() > 1) {
      throw new QueryInvalidException("Unexpected/unsupported query clauses found");
    }
    LinkedHashMap<Integer, CompiledAggregateFunction> aggMap =
        identifyAggregateExpressions(projAttrs);
    boolean isCountOnly = checkForCountOnly(aggMap, projAttrs, groupByClause);
    if (isCountOnly) {
      projAttrs = null;
    }
    CompiledSelect select = createSelect(distinct != null, isCountOnly, where, iterators, projAttrs,
        orderByAttrs, limit, hints, groupByClause, aggMap);
    push(select);
  }

  private boolean checkForCountOnly(Map<Integer, CompiledAggregateFunction> aggregateMap,
      List projAttribs, List<CompiledValue> groupBy) {
    if (aggregateMap != null && aggregateMap.size() == 1 && projAttribs.size() == 1
        && groupBy == null) {
      for (Map.Entry<Integer, CompiledAggregateFunction> entry : aggregateMap.entrySet()) {
        CompiledAggregateFunction caf = entry.getValue();
        if (caf.getFunctionType() == OQLLexerTokenTypes.COUNT && caf.getParameter() == null) {
          return true;
        }
      }
    }
    return false;
  }

  private CompiledSelect createSelect(boolean isDistinct, boolean isCountOnly, CompiledValue where,
      List iterators, List projAttrs, List<CompiledSortCriterion> orderByAttrs, CompiledValue limit,
      List<String> hints, List<CompiledValue> groupByClause,
      LinkedHashMap<Integer, CompiledAggregateFunction> aggMap) {
    if (isCountOnly || (groupByClause == null && aggMap == null)
        || (aggMap == null && orderByAttrs == null)) {
      return new CompiledSelect(isDistinct, isCountOnly, where, iterators, projAttrs, orderByAttrs,
          limit, hints, groupByClause);
    } else {
      return new CompiledGroupBySelect(isDistinct, isCountOnly, where, iterators, projAttrs,
          orderByAttrs, limit, hints, groupByClause, aggMap);
    }
  }

  private LinkedHashMap<Integer, CompiledAggregateFunction> identifyAggregateExpressions(
      List projAttribs) {
    if (projAttribs != null) {
      LinkedHashMap<Integer, CompiledAggregateFunction> mapping =
          new LinkedHashMap<Integer, CompiledAggregateFunction>();
      int index = 0;
      for (Object o : projAttribs) {
        CompiledValue proj = (CompiledValue) ((Object[]) o)[1];
        if (proj.getType() == OQLLexerTokenTypes.AGG_FUNC) {
          mapping.put(index, (CompiledAggregateFunction) proj);
        }
        ++index;
      }
      return mapping.size() == 0 ? null : mapping;
    } else {
      return null;
    }

  }

  public void projection() {
    // find an id or null on the stack, then an expr CompiledValue
    // push an Object[2] on the stack. First element is id, second is CompiledValue
    CompiledID id = (CompiledID) pop();
    CompiledValue expr = (CompiledValue) pop();
    push(new Object[] {id == null ? null : id.getId(), expr});
  }

  public void aggregateFunction(CompiledValue expr, int aggFuncType, boolean distinctOnly) {
    push(new CompiledAggregateFunction(expr, aggFuncType, distinctOnly));
  }

  public void iteratorDef() {
    // find type id and colln on the stack

    ObjectType type = assembleType(); // can be null
    CompiledID id = (CompiledID) TypeUtils.checkCast(pop(), CompiledID.class); // can be null
    CompiledValue colln = (CompiledValue) TypeUtils.checkCast(pop(), CompiledValue.class);

    if (type == null) {
      type = TypeUtils.OBJECT_TYPE;
    }

    push(new CompiledIteratorDef(id == null ? null : id.getId(), type, colln));
  }

  public void undefinedExpr(boolean is_defined) {
    CompiledValue value = (CompiledValue) pop();
    push(new CompiledUndefined(value, is_defined));
  }

  public void function(int function, int numOfChildren) {
    CompiledValue[] cvArr = new CompiledValue[numOfChildren];
    for (int i = numOfChildren - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
      cvArr[i] = (CompiledValue) pop();
    }
    push(new CompiledFunction(cvArr, function));
  }

  public void inExpr() {
    CompiledValue collnExpr = (CompiledValue) TypeUtils.checkCast(pop(), CompiledValue.class);
    CompiledValue elm = (CompiledValue) TypeUtils.checkCast(pop(), CompiledValue.class);
    push(new CompiledIn(elm, collnExpr));
  }

  public void constructObject(Class clazz) {
    // find argList on stack
    // only support SET for now
    Assert.assertTrue(clazz == ResultsSet.class);
    List argList = (List) TypeUtils.checkCast(pop(), List.class);
    push(new CompiledConstruction(clazz, argList));
  }

  public void pushId(String id) {
    push(new CompiledID(id));
  }

  public void pushRegion(String regionPath) {
    push(new CompiledRegion(regionPath));
  }

  public void appendPathComponent(String id) {
    CompiledValue rcvr = (CompiledValue) pop();
    push(new CompiledPath(rcvr, id));
  }

  public void pushBindArgument(int i) {
    push(new CompiledBindArgument(i));
  }

  public void pushLiteral(Object obj) {
    push(new CompiledLiteral(obj));
  }

  public void pushNull() // used as a placeholder for a missing clause
  {
    push(null);
  }

  public void combine(int num) {
    List list = new ArrayList();
    for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
      list.add(0, pop());
    }
    push(list);
  }

  public void methodInvocation() {
    // find on stack:
    // argList, methodName, receiver (which may be null if receiver is implicit)
    List argList = (List) TypeUtils.checkCast(pop(), List.class);
    CompiledID methodName = (CompiledID) TypeUtils.checkCast(pop(), CompiledID.class);
    CompiledValue rcvr = (CompiledValue) TypeUtils.checkCast(pop(), CompiledValue.class);
    push(new CompiledOperation(rcvr, methodName.getId(), argList));
  }

  public void indexOp() {
    // find the List of index expressions and the receiver on the stack
    Object indexParams = pop();
    final CompiledValue rcvr = (CompiledValue) TypeUtils.checkCast(pop(), CompiledValue.class);
    CompiledValue indexExpr = CompiledValue.MAP_INDEX_ALL_KEYS;

    if (indexParams != null) {
      final List indexList = (List) TypeUtils.checkCast(indexParams, List.class);
      if (!isForIndexCompilation && indexList.size() != 1) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
            "Only one index expression supported");
      }
      if (indexList.size() == 1) {
        indexExpr = (CompiledValue) TypeUtils.checkCast(indexList.get(0), CompiledValue.class);

        if (indexExpr.getType() == TOK_COLON) {
          throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
              "Ranges not supported in index operators");
        }
        indexExpr = (CompiledValue) TypeUtils.checkCast(indexList.get(0), CompiledValue.class);
        push(new CompiledIndexOperation(rcvr, indexExpr));
      } else {
        assert this.isForIndexCompilation;

        MapIndexable mi = new MapIndexOperation(rcvr, indexList);
        push(mi);
      }
    } else {
      if (!this.isForIndexCompilation) {
        throw new QueryInvalidException(String.format("Syntax error in query: %s",
            "* use incorrect"));
      }
      push(new CompiledIndexOperation(rcvr, indexExpr));
    }

  }

  /**
   * Creates appropriate CompiledValue for the like predicate based on the sargability of the String
   * or otherwise. It also works on the last character to see if the sargable like predicate results
   * in a CompiledJunction or a Comparison. Currently we are supporting only the '%' terminated
   * "like" predicate.
   *
   * @param var The CompiledValue representing the variable
   * @param patternOrBindParam The CompiledLiteral reprsenting the pattern of the like predicate
   * @return CompiledValue representing the "like" predicate
   *
   */
  CompiledValue createCompiledValueForLikePredicate(CompiledValue var,
      CompiledValue patternOrBindParam) {
    if (!(patternOrBindParam.getType() == CompiledBindArgument.QUERY_PARAM)) {
      CompiledLiteral pattern = (CompiledLiteral) patternOrBindParam;
      if (pattern._obj == null) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
            "Null values are not supported with LIKE predicate.");
      }
    }
    // From 6.6 Like is enhanced to support special character (% and _) at any
    // position of the string.
    return new CompiledLike(var, patternOrBindParam);
  }

  public void like() {
    CompiledValue v2 = (CompiledValue) pop();
    CompiledValue v1 = (CompiledValue) pop();
    CompiledValue cv = createCompiledValueForLikePredicate(v1, v2);
    push(cv);
  }

  public void compare(int opKind) {
    CompiledValue v2 = (CompiledValue) pop();
    CompiledValue v1 = (CompiledValue) pop();
    push(new CompiledComparison(v1, v2, opKind));
  }

  public void mod(int opKind) {
    CompiledValue v2 = (CompiledValue) pop();
    CompiledValue v1 = (CompiledValue) pop();
    push(new CompiledMod(v1, v2, opKind));
  }

  public void arithmetic(int opKind) {
    switch (opKind) {
      case TOK_PLUS:
        addition(opKind);
        break;
      case TOK_MINUS:
        subtraction(opKind);
        break;
      case TOK_SLASH:
        division(opKind);
        break;
      case TOK_STAR:
        multiplication(opKind);
        break;
      case LITERAL_mod:
        mod(opKind);
        break;
      case TOK_PERCENTAGE:
        mod(opKind);
        break;
    }
  }

  private void addition(int opKind) {
    CompiledValue v2 = (CompiledValue) pop();
    CompiledValue v1 = (CompiledValue) pop();
    push(new CompiledAddition(v1, v2, opKind));
  }

  private void subtraction(int opKind) {
    CompiledValue v2 = (CompiledValue) pop();
    CompiledValue v1 = (CompiledValue) pop();
    push(new CompiledSubtraction(v1, v2, opKind));
  }

  private void division(int opKind) {
    CompiledValue v2 = (CompiledValue) pop();
    CompiledValue v1 = (CompiledValue) pop();
    push(new CompiledDivision(v1, v2, opKind));
  }

  private void multiplication(int opKind) {
    CompiledValue v2 = (CompiledValue) pop();
    CompiledValue v1 = (CompiledValue) pop();
    push(new CompiledMultiplication(v1, v2, opKind));
  }

  public void or(int numTerms) {
    junction(numTerms, LITERAL_or);
  }

  public void and(int numTerms) {
    junction(numTerms, LITERAL_and);
  }

  private void junction(int numTerms, int operator) {
    /*
     * if any of the operands are junctions with same operator as this one then flatten
     */
    List operands = new ArrayList(numTerms);
    for (int i = 0; i < numTerms; i++) {
      CompiledValue operand = (CompiledValue) pop();
      // flatten if we can
      if (operand instanceof CompiledJunction
          && ((CompiledJunction) operand).getOperator() == operator) {
        CompiledJunction junction = (CompiledJunction) operand;
        List jOperands = junction.getOperands();
        for (int j = 0; j < jOperands.size(); j++)
          operands.add(jOperands.get(j));
      } else
        operands.add(operand);
    }

    push(new CompiledJunction(
        (CompiledValue[]) operands.toArray(new CompiledValue[operands.size()]), operator));
  }

  public void not() {
    Object obj = this.stack.peek();
    Assert.assertTrue(obj instanceof CompiledValue);

    if (obj instanceof Negatable)
      ((Negatable) obj).negate();
    else
      push(new CompiledNegation((CompiledValue) pop()));
  }

  public void unaryMinus() {
    Object obj = this.stack.peek();
    Assert.assertTrue(obj instanceof CompiledValue);
    push(new CompiledUnaryMinus((CompiledValue) pop()));

  }

  public void typecast() {
    // pop expr and type, apply type, then push result
    AbstractCompiledValue cmpVal =
        (AbstractCompiledValue) TypeUtils.checkCast(pop(), AbstractCompiledValue.class);
    ObjectType objType = assembleType();
    cmpVal.setTypecast(objType);
    push(cmpVal);
  }

  // returns null if null is on the stack
  public ObjectType assembleType() {
    ObjectType objType = (ObjectType) TypeUtils.checkCast(pop(), ObjectType.class);
    if (objType instanceof CollectionType) {
      // pop the elementType
      ObjectType elementType = assembleType();

      if (objType instanceof MapType) {
        // pop the key type
        ObjectType keyType = assembleType();
        return new MapTypeImpl(objType.resolveClass(), keyType, elementType);
      }
      return new CollectionTypeImpl(objType.resolveClass(), elementType);
    }
    return objType;
  }

  public void traceRequest() {
    this.traceOn = true;
  }

  public boolean isTraceRequested() {
    return traceOn;
  }

  public void setHint(int numOfChildren) {
    ArrayList list = new ArrayList();
    for (int i = 0; i < numOfChildren; i++) {
      String hi = (String) this.stack.pop();
      list.add(0, hi);
    }
    push(list);
    // setHints(list);
  }

  public void setHintIdentifier(String text) {
    push(text);
  }

  public void importName(String qualifiedName, String asName) {
    if (asName == null) {
      // if no AS, then use the short name from qualifiedName
      // as the AS
      int idx = qualifiedName.lastIndexOf('.');
      if (idx >= 0) {
        asName = qualifiedName.substring(idx + 1);
      } else {
        asName = qualifiedName;
      }
    }
    if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
      logger.trace("QCompiler.importName: {},{}", asName, qualifiedName);
    }
    this.imports.put(asName, qualifiedName);
  }

  public Object pop() {
    Object obj = this.stack.pop();
    if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
      logger.trace("QCompiler.pop: {}", obj);
    }
    return obj;
  }

  public void push(Object obj) {
    if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
      logger.trace("QCompiler.push: {}", obj);
    }
    this.stack.push(obj);
  }

  public int stackSize() {
    return this.stack.size();
  }

  public ObjectType resolveType(String typeName) {
    if (typeName == null) {
      if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
        logger.trace("QCompiler.resolveType= {}", Object.class.getName());
      }
      return TypeUtils.OBJECT_TYPE;
    }
    // resolve with imports
    String as = null;
    if (this.imports != null) {
      as = (String) this.imports.get(typeName);
    }
    if (as != null)
      typeName = as;

    Class resultClass;
    try {
      resultClass = InternalDataSerializer.getCachedClass(typeName);
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
      throw new QueryInvalidException(
          String.format("Type not found: %s", typeName), e);
    }
    if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
      logger.trace("QCompiler.resolveType= {}", resultClass.getName());
    }
    return new ObjectTypeImpl(resultClass);
  }

  private static class MapIndexOperation extends AbstractCompiledValue implements MapIndexable {
    private final CompiledValue rcvr;
    private final List<CompiledValue> indexList;

    public MapIndexOperation(CompiledValue rcvr, List<CompiledValue> indexList) {
      this.rcvr = rcvr;
      this.indexList = indexList;
    }

    public CompiledValue getReceiverSansIndexArgs() {
      return rcvr;
    }

    public CompiledValue getMapLookupKey() {
      throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Function invocation not expected");
    }

    public List<CompiledValue> getIndexingKeys() {
      return (List<CompiledValue>) indexList;
    }

    public Object evaluate(ExecutionContext context) throws FunctionDomainException,
        TypeMismatchException, NameResolutionException, QueryInvocationTargetException {
      throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Method execution not expected");
    }

    public int getType() {
      throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Method execution not expected");
    }
  }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Alexandria, VA (June 2, 2014) – The American Diabetes Association (Association) announced the opening of a request for applications today for The American Diabetes Association and Boehringer Ingelheim Research Award: Chronic Kidney Disease and Renal Insufficiency in the Setting of Diabetes, a three-year program which will fund research that focuses on improving the clinical care of people with chronic kidney disease and diabetes. The program is made possible through $1.5 million in funding from Boehringer Ingelheim and is directed, managed and overseen by the Association.
This research effort follows recommendations from a recent American Diabetes Association Consensus Conference: "Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes" on the current status of care for people with diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD). This important conference was held in collaboration with the American Society of Nephrology (ASN) and the National Kidney Foundation (NKF). A number of critical research gaps were identified, and this initiative aims to address some of these important questions in order to improve care for people with chronic kidney disease and diabetes. Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure, accounting for more than 40 percent of new cases, and renal insufficiency complicates the care of people with diabetes.
"The American Diabetes Association is excited to open the call for applications for The American Diabetes Association and Boehringer Ingelheim Award: Chronic Kidney Disease and Renal Insufficiency in the Setting of Diabetes research grants," said Elizabeth R. Seaquist, MD, President, Medicine & Science, American Diabetes Association. "Chronic kidney disease is a serious complication for people who are living with diabetes. This research is critical in allowing us to better understand the connection between the two diseases, and to explore more effective ways that we can manage them medically, allowing people with diabetes to lead healthier lives."
Studies aimed at validation and standardization of established markers of CKD (albuminuria, UACR, eGFR, GFR), and identification and validation of non-traditional/novel biomarkers of CKD in people with diabetes, with the intent to improve diagnosis and disease characterization, identify progressors and non-progressors, and monitor treatment responses.
Investigation of the mechanisms underlying the development of microvascular kidney disease to identify targets for the development of novel therapeutic approaches; particularly systems biology approaches (metabolomics, functional genomics, proteomics, etc.) to elucidate novel factors and pathways that impact kidney function and the development of chronic kidney disease in diabetes.
Translational studies examining clinical efficacy of novel candidates for treatment of microvascular kidney disease; including studies utilizing non-traditional biomarkers or surrogate endpoints to detect early signals of potential benefit and to inform drug development decision making.
Comparative effectiveness studies examining the effects of different pharmacological treatment strategies on glycemic control, lipids, blood pressure, and other cardiovascular risk factors in patients with diabetes at various stages of CKD, up to and including ESRD/dialysis.
Epidemiological, database or clinical studies examining the rates and consequences of hypoglycemia in people with diabetic kidney disease, identifying people at highest risk for hypoglycemia and optimal treatment strategies for patients with diabetes and CKD who are at high risk for hypoglycemia.
"Boehringer Ingelheim is looking forward to high-quality proposals for this research collaboration with the American Diabetes Association which aims to close some of the important scientific gaps identified by the Consensus Conference: "Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes," said Hans-Jürgen Wörle, Vice President, Therapeutic Area Medicine Metabolism, Boehringer Ingelheim.
To learn more, visit www.diabetes.org/grants. The request for applications will be open until September 15, 2014.


Technical hubs like Bengaluru, Delhi-NCR, Mumbai, and Hyderabad are flooded with start-ups working on advanced technologies like artificial intelligence and machine learning. These technologies not only reduce the chances of error — thereby improving efficiency — but also go beyond human intelligence to offer solutions in areas such as e-commerce, fintech, healthcare, education, etc. Here's a list of three start-ups that are using advanced AI, data mining, and machine learning to disrupt their respective industries.


text:
Namitha Ragunath
In Australia, Prime Minister Scott Morrison demanded an apology from China yesterday, after a fake picture was posted on a Chinese government Twitter account. The post was made by Chinese foreign ministry spokesman Lijian Zhao. In the picture, there appeared to be an Australian soldier murdering an Afghan child, holding a bloody knife. Morrison said Beijing should be "ashamed" for sharing the image.
"It is deeply offensive to every Australian, every Australian who has served in that uniform, every Australian who serves in that uniform today. It is is utterly outrages, and it cannot be justified on any basis whatsoever. The Chinese government should be totally ashamed of this post. It diminishes them in the worlds eyes. It's a false image and a terrible slur on our great defense forces and the men and the women who have served in that uniform for over a hundred years."
In Sri Lanka, shooting took place yesterday at a high-security prison. This happened after inmates broke out of their cells to protest the rise in coronavirus infections. The shooting left at least eight dead and 55 wounded. Hundreds of police surrounded the Mahara prison just outside the capital Colombo as prison guards tried to stop the unrest.
In Indonesia, thousands of people fled their homes after a volcano erupted on Sunday. The volcano blew ash high into the air, causing large grey clouds. No one has been injured, but authorities warned people of "lava and poisonous gas". Indonesia has the world's most active volcanoes.
In France, politicians announced yesterday that they will completely rewrite part of a controversial security bill. There were huge protests across France on Saturday against Article 24 of the bill, which aimed to control how people share videos or photos of the police. There were fears the law could stop people exposing police brutality. Politicians agreed to rewrite the bill after a video was released, showing four policemen beating a black music producer in Paris.
In Moldova, soon to be president, Maia Sandu, yesterday called for Russian troops to be removed from a region at the border with Ukraine. In her first news conference as president-elect, Ms Sandu said Russian forces never had permission to be in the region. Russia rejected her comments, and said the move could cause unrest. Ms Sandu defeated president Igor Dodon, who was openly supported by Russia, in a vote earlier this month.
In Zimbabwe, rescuers yesterday found one of the bodies from a gold mine which collapsed last week. Six miners were rescued and taken to hospital within hours, but dozens of miners are still trapped. Family members of the miners have camped at the site for days. The miners federation said that heavy rains started again yesterday, shortly after the first body was found, forcing rescuers to pause for the day. Illegal mining has increased in Zimbabwe as a result of the economic problems and high unemployment.
Yesterday in Cameroon, lawyers began a boycott of all courts in protest against what they describe as police brutality. Earlier this month police officers assaulted and tear-gassed several lawyers. Those lawyer were trying to get bail for their colleagues who had been arrested over allegations of corruption. The president of the Bar Council in Cameroon said lawyers were being targeted and attacked. He said the strike would continue for the next five days.
In the United States, President-elect Joe Biden named ex-Federal Reserve chair Janet Yellen as his nominee for treasury secretary yesterday. If she is chosen for the job, she would be the first woman ever to hold that role. She was among several women chosen for other top positions. Mr Biden has promised to build a diverse administration.
"I said at the outset, i wanted to represent this campaign to represent and look like America. We've done that, now thats what i want the administration to look like and act like, for all those of you ."
An indigenous leader from the Ecuadorean Amazon won a Goldman environmental prize yesterday. Nemonte Nenquimo was chosen for her success in protecting 500,000 acres of rainforest from being dug for oil. Last year Nenquimo and the members of the Waorani indigenous group took the Ecuadorean government to court over its plans to sell their land. Their case won legal protections of indigenous rights.
Soft Story
And finally, an overweight elephant, once known as the world's loneliest elephant, arrived in Cambodia yesterday. Kaavan was rescued from a Pakistani zoo, where he lived in isolation for 35 years, after his only friend died in 2012. In Cambodia he will live in a wildlife sanctuary in open space with a large group of other elephants. Among those who welcomed Kaavan, was pop star Cher, who paid for a legal team to fight for his release. The singer even performed a song for Kaavan.
Cher sings


text:
Search Caselaw Online
Court Case Prediction
Litigation Strategy Support and Funding
CHEAH NGUN YING VS 1. LOW CHEONG & SONS SDN BHD 2. LOW SEOW HAR @ LOW SOW HAR 3. LOW LEE KING 4. WOO KAM INN 5. WOO KAM NIN
DALAM MAHKAMAH TINGGI MALAYA DI KUALA LUMPUR
(BAHAGIAN DAGANG)
GUAMAN NO: D1-22-1161-1993
CHEAH NGUN YING – PLAINTIF
(sebagai wasi dan pentadbir harta pusaka
Low Lai Kui @ Low Lye Kooi, si mati)
1. LOW CHEONG & SONS SDN BHD
2. LOW SEOW HAR @ LOW SOW HAR
3. LOW LEE KING
4. WOO KAM NIN
(sebagai pemegang amanah Low Chee Yeong,
Low Chee Yew dan Low Chee Keong)
(sebagai pemegang harta pusaka Low Cheong
@Low Yuen Cheong) – DEFENDAN-DEFENDAN
GROUNDS OF JUDGMENT
Enclosure 70 is the applicant's application for leave to intervene in this suit pursuant to Order 15 rule 6 of the Rules of Court 2012 (ROC 2012) and that the judgment dated 30th September 2009 be set aside pursuant to Order 42 rule 3 of the ROC 2012 on the ground that the proposed intervener's name had been wrongly referred to in the endorsement or the penal notice of the judgment even though the proposed intervener was never a party to this suit.
[2] Issue: –
(a) Whether the proposed intervener can be allowed to intervene after the judgment was obtained and perfected ;
(b) Whether the proposed intervener's name was correctly endorsed in the penal notice of the judgment although he was not a party to the suit; and
(c) Whether the judgment can be set aside under Order 42 rule 13 of the ROC 2012.
[3] Whether the proposed intervener can be allowed to intervene after the judgment was obtained and perfected.
a. Order 15 rule 6 ROC provides as follows:
(1) A cause or matter shall not be defeated by reason of the misjoinder or non-joinder of any party, and the Court may in any cause or matter determine the issues or questions in dispute so far as they affect the rights and interests of the persons who are parties to the cause or matter.
(2) Subject to this rule, at any stage of the proceedings in any cause or matter, the Court may on such terms as it thinks just and either of its own motion or on application-
(a) order any person who has been improperly or unnecessarily made a party or who has for any reason ceased to be a proper or necessary party, to cease to be a party;
(b) order any of the following persons to be added as a party, namely-
(i) any person who ought to have been joined as a party or whose presence before the Court is necessary to ensure that all matters in dispute in the cause or matter may be effectually and completely determined and adjudicated upon; or
(ii) any person between whom and any party to the cause or matter there may exist a question or issue arising out of or relating to or connected with any relief or remedy claimed in the cause or matter which, in the opinion of the Court, would be just and convenient to determine as between him and that party as well as between the parties to the cause or matter.
(3) An application by any person for an order under paragraph (2) adding him as a party shall, except with the leave of the Court, be supported by an affidavit showing his interest in the matters in dispute in the cause or matter or, as the case may be, the question or issue to be determined as between him and any party to the cause or matter.
b. Order 15 rule 6 had been discussed by the Federal Court in Hong Leong Bank Bhd ( formerly known as Hong Leong Finance Bhd ) v Staghorn Sdn Bhd & Other Appeals [2008] 2 MLJ 622, and it had been held inter alia also as follows:
i. (per Abdul Hamid Mohamad Chief Justice) The words 'At any stage of the proceedings…' necessarily mean that there is a proceeding pending. Once the judgment is entered, the proceeding has come to an end. Furthermore, O 15 is concerned with the very early stage of a proceeding, to have all the necessary parties in before the trial begins (see paras 21 & 27).
ii. (per Abdul Hamid Mohamad Chief Justice) An application for leave to intervene in order to set aside an order for sale by a party not already a party to the proceedings must be made under O 15 r 6 of the RHC. The application may be made 'at any stage of the proceedings' meaning before judgment, otherwise the proceedings have concluded and there is no longer a proceeding in existence for the party to intervene in.The judge had also become functus officio. Even then, the application must be made promptly. Order 15 r 6 of the RHC applies to all civil proceedings whether commenced by a writ, motion or summons etc (see para 55-56 & 60).
c. It is therefore clear that the words " at any stage of proceeding …" provided under Order 15 rule 6 (2) must necessarily mean that there is a proceeding pending. Once a judgment is entered, the proceeding comes to an end. In this instance, the judgment was entered after a full trial on 30th September 2009. It had been perfected and served on the 1st defendant on 02nd March 2010. The 1st defendant had appealed against the judgment and the Court of Appeal had dismissed the appeal on 09th April 2012. The proposed intervener was again served with the judgment on 29th January 2014. Hence it is obvious that the said judgment had been perfected and extracted. Therefore I view, there is no proceeding pending as envisaged by Order 15 rule 6 of The ROC 2012 for the proposed intervener to intervene. Although the proposed intervener now argues that there is a proceeding pending as there is committal proceeding "pending", I am of the view that committal proceeding is actually a form of enforcement of judgment. Refer to Order 45 rule 1 ROC 2012.
[4] Whether the proposed intervener's name was correctly endorsed in the penal notice of the judgment although he was not a party to the suit.
a. The said judgment was entered against the 1st defendant, a company. It is not disputed that the proposed intervener was a director of the 1st defendant.
b. Order 45 rule 5 of the ROC 2012 provides, inter alia, as follows:
" Enforcement of judgment to do or abstain from doing an act (O. 45 r. 5)
(1) Where-
(a) a person required by a judgment or order to do an act within a time specified in the judgment or order refuses or neglects to do it within that time or, as the case may be, within that time as extended or abridged under Order 3, rule 5; or
(b) a person disobeys a judgment or order requiring him to abstain from doing an act, then, subject to these Rules, the judgment or order may be enforced by one or more of the following means:
(A) with the leave of the Court, an order of committal;
(B) where that person is a body corporate, with the leave of the Court, an order of committal against any director or other officer of the body;
(C) subject to the provision of the Debtors Act 1957, an order of committal against that person or, where that person is a body corporate, against any such officer."
c. The endorsement is provided for by Order 45 rule 7 in Form 83(c) (previously Form 87(c) under the Rules of High Court 1980 enforced at the time of the judgment being entered). Hence, I agree with the respondent that the applicant's contention that he was not a party to the suit is devoid of merit as he was cited in the penal notice as a director of the 1st defendant; a company and that is allowed by the law as cited earlier.
[5] Whether the judgment can be set aside under Order 42 rule 13 of the ROC 2012
a. This issue had also been discussed by the Federal Court in Hong Leong's case (Supra) where it was held that to set aside an order of judgment, there must be a provision in the rules that can be relied on for that purpose. Examples of such provisions are Order 13 rule 8, Order 14 rule 11, Order 70 rule 18(6) and 20(9), and Order 81 rule 7. In other cases, setting aside may only be done by a fresh action. There is no such provision applicable in the instant case.
[6] Based on the above, after considering submissions made by the parties, I dismiss enclosure 70 with cost.
DATO' ZALEHA BINTI YUSOF
HIGH COURT OF MALAYA
Dated: 20th April 2015
For the plaintiff: Lee Chuen Tiat ; Messrs Ros Lee & Co
For the Defendant: Parvinder Kaur Sandhu; Messrs Jasbeer Nur & Lee
Posted in: 2015, Banking and Insolvency, DATO' ZALEHA BINTI YUSOF, High Court, Jasbeer Nur & Lee, Lee Chuen Tiat, Malaysia, Parvinder Kaur Sandhu, Ros Lee & Co, Setting aside judgment
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Molleindustria and Harry Giles make free games designed to cure boredom and sometimes raise your level of social consciousness. Given the rise of global protests, they created a series of games to be played during marches and rallies. Try this one next time you take to the streets.
The richest player provides a banknote of the lowest value in your currency (e.g. a $1 bill). All the players then pinch the bill using only the thumb and index finger.
The richest player shouts "go," and each player tries to pull the bill his or her way. You can only use your thumb and index finger to touch the banknote, and you can't grab or push other players. If you lose grip, you are out of the game. If the bill rips, keep pulling until all players are out of the game or hold an uncontested piece. The player who ends with the bill (or the biggest piece of the bill) wins.


text:
University Archives Holdings Fine Arts and Applied Arts School of Music Hymn Tune Index Records Finding Aid
Hymn Tune Index Records
Hymn Tune Index Data
Research Notes & Research Correspondence
Email us about these papers
Finding Aid for Hymn Tune Index Records, 1964-2007 | The Sousa Archives and Center for American Music
By Ryan Chaglasian, Mikael Fox, Eden Irwin, Xochitl Quiroz, Hailey Vasquez, and Nolan Vallier
[Printer Friendly] | [ Email us about these papers]
Title: Hymn Tune Index Records, 1964-2007
ID: 12/5/81
Primary Creator: Temperley, Nicholas (1932-2020)
Extent: 4.75 cubic feet
Arrangement: Materials are arranged into four series: Series 1) Hymn Tune Index Data, Series 2) Research Notes and Research Correspondence, Series 3) Administrative Records, and Series 4) Digital Content. Series 1 is arranged into two sub-series, Sub-Series 1) Data Input Cards and 2) Data Source Information and Research Files. This material follows the original order of the files, which are arranged by Generic Code, Title Code, and Compiler Code and Alphabetically therein. Series 2 is arranged into 5 subseries: 1) Correspondence, 2) Bibliographies, 3) Articles, 4) Material from other Institutions, and 5) Parodies. This material follows the original order. Series 3 is arranged into two subseries 1) Internal and 2) Publication, both follow the original order. Series 4 is arranged into two subseries 1) Computer Storage and Disks and 2) Paper copies.
Date Acquired: 06/21/2021
Subjects: Choral music, Church music, Vocal music
Scope and Contents of the Materials
This collection contains the Hymn Tune Index and the research that went into it, including handwritten data entry cards, HTI entries, photocopies of newspaper articles, advertisements and books, professional correspondence, a photograph, floppy disks, a CD, typed and handwritten pages of notes, newspaper subscriber lists, genealogies, library catalogs, and sheet music.
Collection Historical Note
The Hymn Tune Index was a project founded by Nicholas Temperley after the publication of his 1979 book, The Music of the English Parish Church. Temperley, who sought to compile a list of historic sources of hymns, won a three-year grant from the National Endowment of the Humanities to fund the project. The Index includes a comprehensive census of English-language hymn tunes, except for tunes found within single manuscripts and barrel-organs, from 1535 up to 1820. Many of the sources were gathered by Temperley himself, while others were gathered by Carl Manns and graduate assistant Joseph Herl. The team gathered as many original sources as possible in the form of photocopies, microfilm, and handwritten indexes for sources that could not be duplicated. Between 1982 and 1985, the HTI team compiled their index in a database created by George Chaltas, which was written in FORTRAN 77. Due to the limits of the technology, tune citations were initially limited to 80 characters, including source code, tune incipit, text code, tune name, attribution, voice setting, and key. Attribution was limited to 15 characters, which resulted in a loss of information about the composer that has never been remedied. In 1988, the database was transfered to a Unix operating system and further programming was done by Eric Loeb, Jehng-Jung Kao, and Joseph Herl. In 1993, the database was transfered again to Paradox, which ran under Microsoft Windows 3.1.
The first printed edition of the Hymn Tune Index was completed in 1998 and published by Oxford University Press in four volumes. Two years later Joseph Herl redesigned the Online Index interface. On June 30, 2007, the management of the interface was transferred to the University of Illinois Library.
Nicholas Temperley (1932-2020) was born in Beaconsfield, England on August 7, 1932. His parents were Arthur Cecil Temperley, a Major-General of the British Army who served as a representative at the League of Nations, and Joyce van Oss, a Dutch musician and author. Temperley began his musical studies at the age of five, performing on piano and studying composition. After his father died in 1939, he was admitted to an all-boy's boarding school. In this same year he published his first composition entitled "Elegy," which appeared in a British publication called The Young Musician. In 1945, Temperley won a Foundation Scholarship to study at Eaton College, where he received further musical instruction until 1951. In 1948, his mother married a German refugee named Donald von Hirsch, who would go on to lead the German Institute in London. Temperley then earned his associate degree in piano performance at the Royal College of Music in 1952 as well as a certificate in organ performance at the Royal College of Organists in 1954. Following this, he earned another Foundation Scholarship to study music at King's College, Cambridge University where he earned a bachelor of arts degree (Double First in Music) in 1955, a bachelor's of music degree in 1956, and both his master's and doctoral degrees in 1959. While at King's College, Temperley specialized in the history of English music during the Classical and Romantic periods and he took additional courses in composition and organ performance.
Following his graduation from King's College, Temperley moved to the United States, becoming a post-doctoral fellow at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. It was here that Temperley met Mary Dorothea Sleator, an assistant professor of English who was also an active singer in Urbana. The two were married a year later in Ann Arbor, Michigan. While in Urbana, Temperley published several early articles on the influence of Handel, Beethoven, Mozart, and Mendelssohn upon English composers; founded an amateur carol group called the "Temperley Singers"; and served as a music critic for the Champaign-Urbana Courier.
In 1961, he and Mary moved to the UK, Temperley having accepted a position as an assistant lecturer at Cambridge University and the Director of Studies in Music at Clare College, Cambridge. In addition to his teaching responsibilities, Temperley edited and revised both the entrance exams and the "Musical Tripos" final exams for graduate students. Two of Temperley's children were born during this time, Lucy (1962) and David (1963). During this period, Temperley began publishing short articles on the history of English Parish Church music and Victorian opera. He also combined his historical research with his interest in composition, arranging new editions of Victorian operas. While at Cambridge in 1966, he resurrected the Victorian-era composer Edward Loder's opera Raymond and Agnes. Soon after, Temperley accepted a position as an assistant professor at Yale University, where he taught for a year.
In 1967, Temperley returned to the University of Illinois as an associate professor in musicology. On the first day of school, his third child, Sylvia, was born. Temperley was promoted to full professor in 1972, at which point he had already written nearly two dozen articles about English music in the Victorian era. Temperley published his first book, Jonathan Gray and Church Music in York, 1770-1840 five years later in 1977. Two years later he received the Otto Kinkeldey Award from the American Musicological Society for his book, The Music of the English Parish Church. Building upon his research on hymns and church music, Temperley founded the Hymn Tune Index at the University of Illinois in 1982. As a research center, the Hymn Tune Index compiled an archive of hymns printed in English texts up to 1820 and published a reference book of their findings in four volumes begininng in 1998.
In 1981, Temperley published The Romantic Age: 1800-1914, a groundbreaking book on the music of the Victorian era. He would go on to edit several other books related to Victorian music including the 20-volume series The London Piano Forte School 1766-1860. Tied to his research on this era, Temperley also completed critical editions of both Berlioz's Symphonie fantastique (1971) and Haydn's The Creation (1988); a revised edition of John Gay's the Beggar's Opera (1984); and arrangements of two unfinished operas, George Friedrich Handel's Hercules (1985) and Mozart's L'Oca del Cairo (1991).
After serving two terms as department chair of the Musicology Division and being named a University Senior Scholar between 1986 and 1989, he retired in 1996. Temperley continued to research and publish in the areas of English church music and Victorian-era opera. For instance, in 2007, Temperley served as the co-editor alongside Sally Drage for a critical edition of 18th-Century English church music for the Musica Britannica series. In 2016, he published his twelfth book, Musicians of Bath and Beyond: Edward Loder (1809-1865) and His Family. In 2018, he and Beth Quitslund published the first critical edition of the Elizabethan era congregational book The Whole Book of Psalms, Collected into English Metre.
During his retirement, Temperley remained connected to the Musicology Division at the University of Illinois, establishing a dissertation prize in 2003 and a research prize in 2017. Temperley also spent his retirement staging Gilbert and Sullivan operettas in Urbana and in 2009 he published Christmas is Coming, a collection of original and arranged carols. Temperley died on April 19, 2020 in Urbana Illinois.
Repository: The Sousa Archives and Center for American Music
Acquisition Source: School of Music
Acquisition Method: Transfer.
Related Materials: Nicholas Temperley Music and Papers 12/5/80
Box and Folder Listing
Browse by Series:
[Series 1: Hymn Tune Index Data, 1976-2009],
[Series 2: Research Notes & Research Correspondence, 1954-2020],
[Series 3: Administrative Records, 1982-2000],
[Series 4: Digital Content, 1985-2002],
Series 2: Research Notes & Research Correspondence, 1954-2020
Contains correspondence pertaining to the Hymn Tune Index. Also contains newspapers, their subscriber lists, and biblioraphies of other collections of hymns used to locate hymns for the index.
Sub-Series 1: Correspondence, 1981-2020
Contains correspondence pertaining to the construction and administration of the Hymn Tune Index as well as correspondence to and from researchers seeking to make use of the completed HTI. The Benson Collection Princeton folders contain correspondence regarding a group, which is why it falls out of the alphabetical order the other correspondence folders containing material regarding individuals subscribe to.
Folder 118: Dating (Correspondence) (1 of 2), 1985-1991
Folder 119: Dating (Problems) (2 of 2), 1995
Folder 120: ECSTC Search, undated
Folder 121: HTI Correspendence 2 Search Questions, 2006-2020
Folder 122: Requests for Information (1 of 11), 1981-1983
Folder 126: Requests for Information (5 of 11), 1988
Folder 131: Requests for Information (10 of 11), 1995-1997
Folder 133: Adey, 1994
Folder 134: Cooke, Nym, 1996
Folder 135: Crawford, Richard, 1992
Folder 136: Drage, Sally, 1997
Folder 137: Holman, Peter, 1996
Folder 138: Kroeger, Karl, 1991
Folder 139: Leaver, Robin A. (The Reverend), 1982-1987
Folder 140: Newman, WIlliam S., 1964-1968
Folder 141: Rootley, Eric, 1982
Folder 142: Sams, Eric, 1971
Folder 143: Tringham, Nigel, 1999
Folder 144: Benson Collection Princeton (1 of 3), undated
Sub-Series 2: Bibliographies, 1954-1993
Consists of newspapers, newspaper subscriber lists, and biblipgraphies of hymn collections used for researching the hymns found in the index.
Folder 1: Database Records, undated
Folder 2: Newspapers (1 of 2), undated
Folder 3: Newspapers (2 of 2), undated, 1993
Folder 4: Subscriber Lists (1 of 2), undated
Folder 6: Publishers, undated
Folder 7: Reviews, undated
Folder 8: Stationers' Hall, undated
Folder 9: "A" List, undated
Folder 10: A Preliminary Survey of Roman Catholic Hymns, undated
Folder 11: Cowan: A Bibliography of the Book of Common Order and Psalm Book of the Church of Scotland, 1556-1644, undated
Folder 12: Lowens: "Checklist of American Tunebooks", 1954
Folder 13: DAH Denomination Codes, 1984
Sub-Series 3: Articles, 1966-1990
Consists of advertisements and articles used as research for hymn tunes and their locations.
Folder 14: Advertisements, undated
Folder 15: Froot's Notes, undated
Folder 16: Crawford arts, undated
Folder 17: Hicks-Mormon Hymnology, undated
Folder 18: D. Hunter's Paper (1 of 2), 1987-1990
Folder 20: Illing, Robert (Barley), 1968
Folder 21: K. Kroeger Arts, undated
Folder 22: Leaver "A Chritmas Service in Dutch", undated
Folder 23: N. Temperley, "Organ Music in Parish Churches, 1660-1730", undated
Folder 24: HSGBI Bulletin, undated
Sub-Series 4: Material from other institutions, 1966-1988
Consists of indexes and catalogues of hymns from other institutions and publications.
Folder 25: Other Indexes of Hymn Tunes, 1981
Folder 26: National Library of Ireland, undated
Folder 27: National Library of Scotland, undated
Folder 28: UCLA Card Catalog, undated
Folder 29: Dr. Williams's Library (1 of 2), undated
Folder 31: Lowens Colleciton of Tune Books, undated
Folder 32: University of Iowa Music Library, undated
Folder 33: Western Kentucky University, undated
Folder 34: Warrington Collection, 1966
Folder 35: Sternhold and Hopkins Psalms (16.B.2-4 Series), 1987-1988
Folder 36: Sternhold and Hopkins (in Rare Book Room at UIUC), 1974
Sub-Series 5: Parodies, 1993-1996
Consists of correspondence with other institutions and sheet music used to understand which hymns were parodies of other songs.
Folder 37: Parodies: Various, undated, 1993, 1996
Folder 38: Parodies: Correspondence, 1993
Folder 39: Anfossi, 1993
Folder 40: Arne, 1993
Folder 41: J.S. Bach, 1993
Folder 42: CPE Bach/Graun, 1993
Folder 43: Beethoven, undated
Folder 44: Bononcini, 1993
Folder 45: Boyce, 1993
Folder 46: Corelli, 1993
Folder 47: Cramer, 1993
Folder 48: Croft, 1993
Folder 49: Greene, 1993
Folder 50: Handel, 1993
Folder 51: Hasse, 1993
Folder 52: Mozart, 1993
Folder 53: Haydn, 1993
Folder 54: Pleyel, undated
Folder 55: Purcell, 1993
Folder 56: Frost/Pidoux, undated


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text:
Demystifying Net Neutrality
Peter Suderman | 2.9.2010 12:40 PM
In a write-up following a debate with Chris Riley of the pro-Net neutrality group, Free Press, the Progress and Freedom Foundation's Barbara Esbin succinctly captures the essence of the Net neutrality debate:
I argued, as I have in the past, that net neutrality remains a solution in search of a problem, and Riley argued, as Free Press has, that it is required to ensure a fair and open Internet. In my presentation, I focused on the lack of evidence of a market problem or consumer harms to be redressed by this regulatory remedy; the FCC's lack of "ancillary" jurisdiction to impose the proposed net neutrality mandates; and the possibility that the rules would be found to infringe on the First Amendment rights of broadband Internet service provider. Similarly, Riley, in his presentation, argued that broadband ISPs have the incentive and ability to engage in harmful discrimination in the carriage of Internet traffic; that we should not permit ISPs unbounded discretion to decide what traffic gets priority treatment; that the government need not wait for harm to occur but may be proactive in protecting consumers and competition; and that net neutrality would protect the free speech rights of consumers, as Free Press has maintained.
Interestingly, one area where both Esbin and Riley agreed was on the issue of "unbounded agency authority"—ie: regulatory overreach—which both agreed presented a problem. Given the FCC's history of power grabs and the new chairman's declared intention to institute a case-by-case, I-know-it-when-I-see-it standard for neutrality violations, I certainly agree. Of course, as Esbin points out, despite agreement on the existence of a potential problem, the two sides have wildly differing ideas about how to restrain the FCC:
Our remedies for the problem of unbounded agency are quite different. Riley argues that the FCC needs to adopt strict non-discrimination rules to avoid the problem of a later FCC deciding, in its unbounded discretion, that a practice like that engaged in by Comcast in the infamous Le Affair BitTorrent is in fact a form of reasonable discrimination. My solution is that the FCC stick to exercising the regulatory authority that Congress has explicitly delegated to it over common carriers, television and radio broadcasters, and cable service providers without extending its reach to improbable lengths by resort to the amorphous doctrine of implicit or ancillary jurisdiction, and that Congress determine whether and how the government can best preserve the "open Internet."
The choice offered here is between clearly defining a new FCC power in advance in hopes of preventing abuse and refusing to give it a new power altogether. As ways to limit FCC overreach go, it strikes me that the latter offers a far more robust protection.
I wrote about the war over Net neutrality here.
Peter Suderman is features editor at Reason.


text:
Son of dictator poised for the presidency as the Philippines goes to the polls
https://edition.cnn.com/2022/05/06/asia/philippines-election-presidency-marcos-profile-dst-intl-hnk/index.html
What is going on in Shanghai: Horror as elderly man taken to morgue in body bag — while still alive
https://edition.cnn.com/2022/05/03/china/shanghai-morgue-care-home-resident-intl-hnk/index.html
Under the Patronage of H.S.H Elizabeth Princess Lobkowicz and Hon. Mustafa Kamal Kazi, former Under-Secretary of State, Pakistan and Ambassador to the Russian Federation
By alex | Event
The "Briefing on Ukraine" was held at Princess Lobkowicz's residence to discuss the ongoing Military, Supply Chain, Economics and Humanitarian flashpoints that are currently…


Obviously, the individual circumstances are important, but I think it is also important to know that some politician put a tax of $5.85 on a pack of cigarettes, so that [drove] cigarettes underground by making them so expensive.
But then some politician also had to direct the police to say, 'hey we want you arresting people for selling a loose cigarette.' And for someone to die over breaking that law… there really is no excuse for it.
Paul's voice on this issue is not at all the most important one. The heart of this issue is racism, and progressives are right to feel that we need to focus on keeping that fact at the forefront. The most important voices are from the people that are waging that battle. And despite the fact that Paul's comments have been grossly misrepresented by people like Stewart, I do think that Paul should have addressed racism explicitly. He is willing to do it when talking about criminal justice reform, so I am unsure why he did not in this case.
But racist policing will not disappear overnight. The point of Paul's remarks is that we can do something about it in the meantime. The police are given a massive space of discretion in how to handle resisting arrest. As long as that space remains intact, and as long as laws continue to create an adversarial relationship between black communities and white police, there will be more deaths of black Americans at the hands of white police. So what can we do in the meantime? There are two ways to interpret Paul's comments. The first is to remove some of those laws that throw police and citizens into conflict – yes, laws such as egregious cigarette taxes. The second and more to the point is to remove or constrict the space of discretion surrounding resisting arrest. Paul basically said this: "Why did we give police the power to kill someone over selling a legal product?" The power to arrest is the power to kill if one resists the arrest. What reason is there to initiate violence in a nonviolent situation? Why do we allow police to use violence in arrest of people who have committed no violent crime? So what if they run away! They are humans and are frightened. Send them a goddamn citation in the mail.
So, Mr. Stewart, I suggest asking your staffers for the full clip. Senator Paul was talking about a "flawed system." We can't rid people's hearts of darkness through law. But we can remove or constrict the space in which we give that darkness power.
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