The name "flirtla" has seven letters and just two syllables. Two-syllable names are very rare and highly sought after. Examples of popular two syllable names include Dropbox, Buffer and Apple.
Flirtla.com is a dot-com domain. Dot com domains are the most prestigious top-level-domain in the world, used by famous websites like twitter.com. Once secured, a dot-com all but guarantees no-one else can outrank you for your own name in the long run.


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Can Democracy Solve Society's Ailments? The Occupy Movement and the Anatomy of Populist Democracy
Hong Kong democracy in balance as Occupy Movement nears end
By YueChim Richard On 2014/11/26 · Add Comment · 3,296 views
(This essay was published in South China Morning Post on 26 November 2014)
It may be too early to predict political life after the Occupy movement ends. Commentators have mentioned further political tightening by Beijing, urgent attempts to address society's deep contradictions, political gridlock, and further polarization of the community that could lead to a rise in populism.
These are salient concerns. The future of democracy in our city may well hang in the balance, but will it follow the path of a liberal democracy or a populist democracy?
These two approaches provide different interpretations of the purpose and consequence of voting and elections.
The starting point for liberal democracy is "negative" liberty, which means the absence of coercion or interference by others, especially government, in one's activities.
The liberal fear is that the government can easily deploy force against citizens to make them support unpopular policies. The liberal hope is that officials will be restrained from such behavior out of fear of losing the next election. The defense of liberty lies in the discipline of elections.
Liberal democracy requires, firstly, a popular vote to ensure participation and equality and secondly, an election with limited tenure. It makes no claims about the quality of the candidates. The function of voting is to control officials, and no more.
A major challenge for liberal democracy is how to blunt majority rule so as to protect individual liberty and minority interests. The solution is to surround voting and elections with numerous restricting institutions, such as independence of the judiciary, freedom of the press and election rules, to curb government powers.
Populist democracy, on the other hand, embraces "positive" liberty, which is the exercise of control over one's life and destiny. A society is considered free when all its members play an active role in controlling its life and destiny through participation in democratic processes.
Populist democracy presumes every citizen shares a common view of the good and the right thing to do, and that there are no irresolvable personal concerns. The "general will" of society is discovered by consulting citizens and tallying their common interests.
The referendum is the ultimate instrument for discovering the "general will". The Occupy movement made extensive use of public consultations and an unofficial referendum to reveal the public's will.
The populist ideal requires elected governments to move swiftly to embody in law the winning election platform. Constitutional constraints and due processes, as seen in liberal democracy, are deemed intolerable because they retard the popular mandate.
But with the constraints removed, it becomes easy to change electoral arrangements. For this reason, populist democracies may revert to autocracies. Fascist Germany is an example.
Liberal and populist democracies also treat government output differently. The populist sees it as an expression of the general will, the liberal sees it as no more than the decree of legislators or judges, accepted by citizens.
Liberal democracy is non-judgmental and respects the plurality of individual values and desires. The only purpose for which state power can be rightfully exercised over an individual is to prevent harm to others.
However, it does have a psychological weakness. Since negative liberty is about not having constraints, individuals can increase their freedom by relinquishing desires that are likely to be frustrated, and cease to aspire to higher goals. For example, slaves who are treated well may cease to wish to be free.
Proponents of populist democracy, on the other hand, say you cannot increase your freedom just by shrinking your desires. Freedom involves being your own master, rather than letting someone or something else control you.
Many of these ideas were delineated by Isaiah Berlin, who worried the ideal of positive liberty might impel revolutionary movements to become totalitarian because they are only willing to tolerate their own conception of what is good and right. By contrast, negative liberty sits comfortably with pluralistic values.
Which path will Hong Kong go down? Liberal democracy seemed possible in 1997 but the Occupy movement has tilted the pendulum towards populism.
The road to democracy is likely to be gradual and hesitant, vacillating between these two ideals. But the vast diversity of values and interests among Hong Kong people can only be accommodated by a liberal system.
Still, populism will have its appeal in a society divided between haves and have-nots, where dreams and destinies are at loggerheads and the people desperately want to hear an uplifting narrative to lift them above the political mess and life's banalities.
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Question: What is the bitrate of a single player Ninjam on both inbound and outbound in addition to how much is the sample rate that Ninjam can handle?
NINJAM uses OGG Vorbis, by default at q=0.0, though perhaps at q=-.1 if a stereo stream, so that's variable bitrate. From memory it usually ends up being around 80kbps for a mono stream or 100kbps for a stereo but that's very rough and might be wrong. The samplerate should be adaptive to whatever Vorbis can take (192khz I think).


text:
Q: read event is received before the write one in kqueue I'm having an issue with my code, I'm trying to create an HTTP server using C++ 98 on MacOS, and I'm expecting the block of read to be executed before the write one, but the opposite is happening and I don't know why.
So I'm expecting to read first the request, then send a response. but the opposite is happening here,
this my code:
/************************ CONSTRUCTORS/DESTRUCTOR ************************/
webserv::Server::Server(int addr, int port)
{
    this->sock.create_socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    this->sock.bind_socket(addr, port);
    this->sock.listen_socket(__MAX_BACKLOG__);
}

webserv::Server::~Server() {}

/************************ MEMBER FUNCTION ************************/
void    webserv::Server::lunch()
{
    this->kq.create_event(this->sock.getSocket(), EVFILT_READ);
    while (1)
        this->_lunch_worker();
}

void    webserv::Server::_lunch_worker(void)
{
    int ev_count = this->kq.get_event();
    static const char* index_html = "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n" \
                                    "Content-Length: 86\r\n\r\n" \
                                    "<!DOCTYPE html>" \
                                    "Hello, world!
cdn-ish...
\r\n";
    char buf[10000];

    for (int i = 0; i < ev_count; i++) {
        int fd = this->kq.get_fd(i);

        if (fd < 0) continue;
        if (fd == this->sock.getSocket()) {

            int clientaddr_size = sizeof(this->sock.getAddress());

            int clientfd = this->sock.accept_socket();
            if (clientfd < 0) {
                perror("accept");
                close(fd);
                return ;
            }
            this->kq.create_event(clientfd, EVFILT_READ);
            if (fcntl(clientfd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK) < 0) {
                perror("fcntl");
                close(clientfd);
                close(fd);
            }
            this->kq.create_event(clientfd, EVFILT_WRITE, EV_ADD | EV_ONESHOT);
        // EXPECTING THIS BLOCK TO BE CHECKED/EXECUTED FIRST
        // BUT INSTEAD THE NEXT BLOCK (WRITE BLOCK) IS EXECUTED FIRST
        // THEN IN THE SECOND ITERATION THE READ BLOCK IS BEING EXECUTED
        } else if (this->kq.is_read_available(i)) {
            int len;
            std::cout << "READ" << std::endl;
            // memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
            if ((len = recv(fd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0)) == 0) {
                std::cout << "READ: FD CLOSED = " << fd << std::endl;
                close(fd);
            }
            else if (len > 0)
            {
            }
            std::cout << "READ: LEN = " << len << std::endl;
        } else if (this->kq.is_write_available(i)) {
            int len = 0;
            if ((len = send(fd, index_html, strlen(index_html), 0)) != 0) {
            }
            std::cout << "WRITE: LEN = " << len << std::endl;
        }
    }
}

and kqueue class:
/***********************************************************************
* FILENAME :        Kqueue.cpp
*
* DESCRIPTION :
*       This File is the implementation of the functions
*       Defined in Kqueue.hpp
*
**/

# include "./Kqueue.hpp"
# include "../../OutputColors.hpp"

/************************ CONSTRUCTORS/DESTRUCTOR ************************/
webserv::Kqueue::Kqueue()
{
    this->_kq = kqueue();
    std::cout << "KQUEUE CREATED" << std::endl;
    this->test_error(this->_kq, "Creating Kqueue :");
    this->_n_ev = 0;
}

webserv::Kqueue::~Kqueue()
{
    close(this->_kq);
}

/************************ MEMBER FUNCTIONS ************************/
void    webserv::Kqueue::set_event(int fd, int filter, int flags, void *udata)
{
    EV_SET(&this->_ev_set, fd, filter, flags, 0, 0, udata);
}

void    webserv::Kqueue::add_event(void)
{
    int ret;

    ret = kevent(this->_kq, &this->_ev_set, 1, NULL, 0, NULL);
    this->test_error(ret, "Kqueue/add_even functions");
}

int     webserv::Kqueue::get_event(void)
{
    this->_n_ev = kevent(this->_kq, NULL, 0, this->_ev_list, __EV_LIST_SIZE__, NULL);
    this->test_error(this->_n_ev, "Kqueue/get_event function:");
    return (this->_n_ev);
}

void    webserv::Kqueue::create_event(int fd, int filter, int flags, void *udata)
{
    this->set_event(fd, filter, flags, udata);
    this->add_event();
}

bool    webserv::Kqueue::isEOF(int index)
{
    if (this->_n_ev <= index)
        this->test_error(-1, "Kqueue/isEOF function:");
    return (this->_ev_list[index].flags & EV_EOF);
}

bool    webserv::Kqueue::is_read_available(int index)
{
    if (this->_n_ev <= index)
        this->test_error(-1, "Kqueue/is_read_available function:");
    return (this->_ev_list[index].filter == EVFILT_READ);
}

bool    webserv::Kqueue::is_write_available(int index)
{
    if (this->_n_ev <= index)
        this->test_error(-1, "Kqueue/is_write_available function:");
    return (this->_ev_list[index].filter == EVFILT_WRITE);
}

void    webserv::Kqueue::test_error(int fd, const std::string &str)
{
    if (fd < 0)
    {
        std::cerr << RED << str << " ";
        perror("The following error occured: ");
        std::cerr << RESET;
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
}

/************************ GETTERS/SETTERS ************************/
struct kevent   *webserv::Kqueue::get_event_list()
{
    return (this->_ev_list);
}

int &webserv::Kqueue::get_kq()
{
    return (this->_kq);
}

int             webserv::Kqueue::get_fd(int index)
{
    if (this->_n_ev <= index)
        this->test_error(-1, "Kqueue/get_ev_list function:");
    return (this->_ev_list[index].ident);
}

void    webserv::Kqueue::set_kqueue(int fd)
{
    this->_kq = fd;
}

Does anyone know why the WRITE comes before the READ in my case, I'm expecting to read the request, then sending the response

A: In order for it to be possible to read from the socket, first the other side has to detect that the connection is complete, then it has to compose its query and put it on the wire. Then your side has to receive the information and process it. Only then it is possible to read from the socket.
In order for it to be possible to write to the socket, you have to detect that the connection is complete. That's it. If the connection is complete, it's possible to write.
It's not surprising that it's possbile to write to the socket before it's possible to read from it. The question is -- why is your code checking if it's possible to write to the socket when you don't want to write to the socket? Also, why does your code write to the socket just because it's possible to do so even when you haven't even received a query from the other side?
If you have no data to write to the other side because you haven't even received a query from the other side yet, why are you checking whether or not it's possible to write on the socket? You don't want to write even if it's possible, so why check?

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text:
Has Article 2(4) Of The UN Charter Become Redundant In The 21st Century?
February 19, 2016 BY Daniyal Hassan
The principle of non-intervention in international relations is indeed deep-rooted. It would be difficult, if not impossible for there to be intercourse between states had this principle not been there. This principle has acquired the status of jus cogens in international law. However it has developed significantly over the years.
This essay aims to critically examine the applicability of Article 2(4) in the 21st century[1]. A brief history of the embodiment of the principle of non-intervention in Article 2(4) shall be stated. This will follow an explanation of the development of exceptions to this principle. The frequent use of those exceptions will then be analyzed. And finally a conclusion will be offered as to the statement in question.
I. HISTORY
During the first centuries of Christianity the principal theories on war were formed, which in the Middle Ages gave rise to the foundations of the law of war. The matter whether or not the recourse to war was legitimate was considered from two perspectives: the pacifists condemned any recourse to collective violence irrespective of its objectives and purposes; whilst the doctrine of 'just war' allowed the use of force provided that the 'cause' was 'just'. Augustine of Hippo[2] defined 'just war' as follows:
"Just wars are usually defined as those which avenge injuries, when the nation or city against which warlike action is to be directed has neglected, either to punish wrongs committed by its own citizens or to restore what has been unjustly taken by it. Further, that kind of war is undoubtedly just which God Himself ordains."
This shows that wars were fought mainly in the name of religion, whatever the social, political or economic motives of the conquests be. In fact wars were mainly conquests by one empire against another. There were hardly any rebellions in the empires from within for what we today call human rights. Rights was not a concept known to man until quite recently. The monarch was thought to be the sovereign and everyone felt obligated to show allegiance to him/her.
However as time moved on and these huge empires broke down into smaller ones and then finally into even smaller nation states by the end of the 19th century, a need to regulate the law of war was felt. The first attempt to limit the right to wage war took place at the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth centuries at the Hague Peace Conferences of 1899 and 1907. The major breakthrough took place after World War I with the creation of the League of Nations and the adoption of the General Treaty for the Renunciation of War 1928 known as the Kellogg-Briand Pact. Various heads of state are to be credited for this achievement and further development of the principles of jus ad bellum[3] and jus in bello[4].
Finally with the creation of the United Nations and the formulation of the Charter of the United Nations, these principles of 'just war' or the reasons for going to war were codified and in fact their applicability was reduced to a great extent, as compared to the time of St. Augustine. Article 2(3)[5] of the Charter makes it mandatory on nation states to resolve their disputes in a peaceful manner and Article 2(4) expressly prohibits the threat or use of force in international relations.
Having analyzed the history of the principle of non-intervention very briefly, the scope of Article 2(4) and its exceptions will be analyzed at some length.
II. SCOPE OF ARTICLE 2(4) AND ITS EXCEPTIONS
There seems to be a general prohibition on the use of force by a state outside its borders as per Article 2(4) which was analyzed by the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in the Corfu Channel Case: United Kingdom v Albania (Merits)[6]. In this case following an incident when two British warships had been struck by mines while exercising a right of innocent passage in Albanian territorial waters, the UK carried out minesweeping operations (Operation Retail) in the Corfu Channel. The UK argued her action was not in breach of Article 2(4) since it 'threatened neither the territorial integrity nor the political independence of Albania. Albania suffered thereby neither territorial loss nor any part of its political independence.' The ICJ rejected the British arguments by stating that:
"The Court can only regard the alleged right of intervention as the manifestation of a policy of force, such as has in the past given rise to more serious abuses and such as cannot, whatever be the present defects in international organization, find a place in international law… The United Kingdom Agent… has further classified "Operation Retail" among methods of self-protection or self-help. The Court cannot accept this defence either. Between independent states respect for territorial sovereignty is an essential foundation of international relations."
It is patently clear that the ICJ in an early case as the one at hand rejected the use of force by the United Kingdom which one could argue has a justification. This is because the world was at an agreement to avoid another war after the catastrophic World War II.
The meaning of the phrase 'against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state' has been disputed by writers in international law. Professor Bowett states:[7]
"The phrase "against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state" may, on one construction, mean that the element of intent is introduced into the prohibition; namely, that the use of threat of force contravenes this obligation only where intended to jeopardize the political independence or territorial integrity of another state. Or, if specific intent is not required, it may mean that at least the use or threat of force must have this effect before being in contravention of Article 2(4)."
Professor Bowett stressed on the need for there to be intent to affect the territorial integrity or political independence. It will be hard to reconcile his view with the international law today because threat or use of force against Article 2(4) is generally denounced by the international legal community.
Professor Brownlie gives a more pragmatic explanation for the phrase. He argues:[8]
"The conclusion warranted by Travaux preparatoires is that the phrase under discussion was not intended to be restrictive but, on the contrary, to give more specific guarantees to small states and that it cannot be interpreted as having a qualifying effect… The phrase "political independence and territorial integrity" has been used on many occasions to epitomize the total legal rights which a state has. Moreover, it is difficult to accept a "plain meaning" which permits evasion of obligations by means of a verbal profession that there is no intention to infringe territorial integrity and which was not intended by the many delegations which approved the text. Lastly, if there is any ambiguity by the principle of effectiveness should be applied."
Professor Brownlie's view is more pragmatic because it offers protection for smaller and weaker states. Without such a protection for these states, the economic and political giants would use international law in a way which favours their point of view and their practices. This does not mean that currently the powerful countries don't do acts contrary to international law. In fact, even today with a system of check and balance there at the international legal front, the permanent members of the Security Council, to name but a few, are not held accountable in a manner similar to that of the accountability of African states, for example.
Moving on to the discussion of exceptions to Article 2(4), there are some envisaged in the Charter while some have developed over time. Most of these exceptions will be explained and analyzed before it can be ascertained whether or not they have led to Article 2(4) being redundant in the 21st century.
Article 51 of the UN Charter[9] lays down one of the most important exceptions to the prohibition of use of force, as stated in Article 2(4). In broad it lays down self-defence as a ground to use force against another state. Self-defence in itself is a very vague idea, be it domestic law concerning individuals or international law concerning states. It is difficult to define parameters of self-defence, especially when it comes to international law and this has rather led to an abuse of this exception. It would not be wrong to state that the Charter does not mention of other exceptions explicitly. Hence the application and scope of Article 51 is to be analyzed at some length.
Although Article 51 lays down the requirement of an armed attack for there to be a right of self-defence, states have use the principle of self-defence very broadly and have engaged in armed attacks without there being a prior attack. Moreover countries like Israel and the United States have used Article 51 as a justification to avenge attacks and even failed attempts. Whether or not this is in line with the international law, is an ongoing debate. Unfortunately, the ICJ has never made an authoritative statement on the issue of pre-emptive or anticipatory self-defence. This stance of the Court has been criticized by Judge Elaraby in his dissenting opinion in the Case Concerning Oil Platforms: Islamic Republic of Iran v United States of America[10] in the following words:
"The Oil Platforms case presented the Court with the occasion to reaffirm, clarify, and if possible, develop, the law on the use of force in all its manifestations… The Court regrettably missed this opportunity. The judgment refrained from exploring refinements and progressive development of the existing doctrine. Even an obiter dictum was not contemplated. The international community was entitled to expect that the International Court of Justice, on an issue as important as the prohibition on the use of force, would take the opportunity to clarify and enhance the prohibition, and add probative value to the existing jurisprudence."
Judge Elaraby was not wrong to criticize the Court for not embarking upon the law regarding use of force in international law. However his contentions were not fully correct either. The ICJ has a very limited mandate in its Statute as well as under the Charter. The ICJ does not have a universal jurisdiction, nor does are its decisions binding on states other than the parties. There is no system of stare decisis in international law. So even if the Court had taken the opportunity to give its opinion on use of force and pre-emptive self defence, it would have been very like that the Court's take would not have been followed.
A few examples are illustrative of this. In 1976 an Air France aircraft with 251 passengers on board was hijacked by pro-Palestinians and taken to Entebbe in Uganda. The hijackers released the majority of the passengers but continued to hold some 60, most of whom were Israeli citizens. The Ugandan Government (under Idi Amin) did little to bring the hijacking to an end and shortly before a deadline set by the hijackers an Israeli commando raid took place. Commandos arrived unannounced at Entebbe where they stormed the hijacked craft, released the passengers and killed the hijackers (and some 45 Ugandan soldiers) before returning with the passengers to Israel. Israel claimed that Article 51 permitted it to use force in such circumstances in order to protect its citizens abroad if the state in which they found themselves was either unable or unwilling to protect them. International opinion was divided on this. However it has been accepted that where there is an imminent danger to a country's citizens and the host country is unwilling or unable to protect them, a rescue operation with military force being used would be justified. However was the killing of 45 Ugandan soldiers justified? Hardly anyone could make such a claim.
Another example of Article 51 being used as a justification for launching attack could occurred in 1993. An assassination attempt was made on former President of the United States, George H.W. Bush in 1993 when a car bomb was discovered in Kuwait. Almost two months later the U.S. launched a substantial cruise missile attack against Iraqi Military Intelligence Headquarters in Baghdad, causing death and destruction. Clearly this was an act of reprisal in response to the assassination attempt. However the U.S. argued that Article 51 permitted this sort of use of force and further said that the delayed response was due to the time taken for evidence collection to prove the involvement of Iraqi intelligence. Although this was supported by the Security Council at that time, this sort of application of Article 51 leaves weaker countries more vulnerable.
Collective self-defence is also permitted by the UN Charter in Article 52. However it is subject to oversight by the Security Council. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is an example of such an organization. Collective self-defence is not widely used. Currently, it can be seen in the nine nation Saudi-led coalition against the Houthi rebels in Yemen. The coalition has wide support from the Security Council and is claiming to act in self-defence. Rather it is Saudi Arabia which has argued self-defence. Whether or not it is really an issue of self-defence, cannot be discussed and concluded in the scope of this essay.
It follows from the discussion above that while Article 2(4) provides for a complete prohibition on threat or use of force with limited exceptions under Articles 51 and 52, the current international positions seems otherwise. Powerful states with resort to the use of force without exhausting peaceful means of settlement of dispute. Article 51 has been interpreted in a way to include pre-emptive self-defence which perhaps was not the purpose of the Article initially. In light of the above discussion and prevailing circumstance on the international front, it is submitted that Article 2(4) of the UN Charter has in effect become redundant in the 21st century.
Legal textbooks and articles
Kaczorowska, A. Public international law. (London: Old Bailey Press, 2005) third edition [ISBN 1858366070]
Bowett, D. W. 1958. Self-defence in International Law. (Manchester: : Manchester University Press, 1958)
Brownlie, I. International Law and the Use of Force by States. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1963)
Cases and statutes
[1949] ICJ Rep 4, Corfu Channel Case: United Kingdom v Albania (Merits)
[2003] 42 ILM 1334, Case Concerning Oil Platforms: Islamic Republic of Iran v United States of America
Covenant of the League of Nations, 1919
Charter of the United Nations, 1945
Legal databases and other websites
Lexis Nexis (https://www.lexisnexis.com/uk/legal/)
Westlaw UK (legalresearch.westlaw.co.uk/)
JSTOR (http://www.jstor.org)
HeinOnline (heinonline.org/)
New York Times (http://www.nytimes.com/)
The Economist (economist.com/)
Foreign Policy (http://foreignpolicy.com/)
Academic OneFile (http://www.gale.cengage.com/PeriodicalSolutions/academicOnefile.htm)
United Nations (http://www.un.org/en/home/)
[1] Article 2 (4) UN Charter: "All Members shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state, or in any other manner inconsistent with the purposes of the United Nations."
[2] 354 AD – 430 AD
[3] Jus ad bellum(Latin) "right to war" is a set of criteria that are to be consulted before engaging in war, in order to determine whether entering into war is permissible; that is, whether it is a just war.
[4] Jus in bello(Latin) "law of war" is what we today call International Humanitarian law or the rules of war.
[5] Article 2(3): "All Members shall settle their international disputes by peaceful means in such a manner that international peace and security, and justice, are not endangered."
[6] [1949] ICJ Rep 4
[7] p.152, Self-Defence in International Law, Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1958.
[8] p.268, International Law and the Use of Force by States, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1963.
[9] Article 51: "Nothing in the present Charter shall impair the inherent right of individual or collective self-defence if an armed attack occurs against a Member of the United Nations, until the Security Council has taken measures necessary to maintain international peace and security. Measures taken by Members in the exercise of this right of self-defence shall be immediately reported to the Security Council and shall not in any way affect the authority and responsibility of the Security Council under the present Charter to take at any time such action as it deems necessary in order to maintain or restore international peace and security."
[10] [2003] 42 ILM 1334
The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of CourtingTheLaw.com or any organization with which he might be associated.
Daniyal Hassan
The writer holds an LL.B (Hons.) degree from the University of London International Programmes and is serving as the competition coordinator for national rounds of the Philip C. Jessup International Moot Court Competition, also the world's largest international law competition. He has also been part of a focused group discussion with the UN Secretary General's Envoy on Youth, Mr. Ahmed Alhendawi. He has participated in multiple moot court competitions and won the "Best Advocate" awards at two of them. He was also one of the 25 participants from Pakistan who participated in a US State Department sponsored exchange program in 2014. On the 800th anniversary of the world's first human rights charter, The Magna Carta, he was also invited for a panel discussion on its practical significance by the British High Commission in Pakistan.
Arrested Blast Bollywood Case Chief Cng Courting The Law CourtingTheLaw Cup Day Dead Dengue Draft Law Analysis Drone Gas Gilani Govt Imran Indian Khan Killed Kp Kse Law Malik Militants Minister Na National Nawaz Not Pakistan Pakistani Pcb Prices Says Sc Shahbaz Talks Tennis Today Two United Win Zardari


Who wants to think about a healthy shopping cart in the festival season with all that delicious traditional food around? This is the time to party and enjoy. But in fact, this is the right time to start worrying about your health and waistline after the festival season. And since we tend to eat high calorie foods a lot more than our regular routine, especially at parties, get-togethers and festivals, it is very important to have healthier options available at home. So what we add to our shopping cart is very, very important. Is our trolley full of veggies and fruit, or does it contain loads of fizzy drinks, frozen snacks and chips? Often we are fascinated by attractive food packaging and misleading claims, which are mostly marketing hype. Even if we sometimes want to shop healthy, the time it takes to read food labels, as well as claims on various products which may or may not be true confuse us so much that we end up buying our regular stuff. There is an ever increasing range of food products available, making shopping all the more confusing especially if you have to juggle around 2-3 kids on the trolley and their unlimited demands. Discounts, specials and costs, all affect our grocery shopping but if we can include some of the following foods in our shopping cart, we can have healthy meals.
Dairy or milk products are very important sources of calcium and protein, and are a must on the shopping list. Opt for low fat varieties of milk and yoghurt to reduce calories and saturated fat. Cottage cheese, ricotta, or Philadelphia cheeses are better options than high fat cheese. Philadelphia cheese is excellent as a spread for sandwiches, and paneer is an excellent source of protein and calcium, especially for vegetarians. Low fat yoghurts can be used a snack as well as with a meal, or can be made into a lassi and enjoyed as a drink, instead of soft drinks. Even smoothies with low fat milk or even low fat ice cream with lots of fruits blended into it can be an excellent snack, a substitute for high calorie drinks.
Breads and grains are the main sources of energy. But go in for wholegrain breads and cereals instead of white grains. You get more fibre and other micronutrients from wholegrains than from processed foods. Avoid buns and bagels with cheese and bacon toppings as these add unnecessary calories and fats.
These provide us with most of our vitamins, fibre and minerals. Fill your cart with a variety of fruits and veggies to get the beneficial nutrients from different fruits and veggies.
Add green leafy vegetables such as spinach and mustard leaves for folate, iron, and potassium; tomatoes for lycopene; carrots and pumpkin for vitamin A; citrus fruits such as oranges and lemon for vitamin C; berries for antioxidants; and banana for potassium. Pick up carrots, celery, baby carrots for snacking and munching. Vegetables can be enjoyed as cooked veggies or in salads. Fruit is an excellent snack, and fruit chaat is an excellent entrée for parties. You can also add a few bags of frozen vegetables without sauce for times when you run out of fresh ones, so that you do not have an excuse not to eat veggies.
Meat and poultry are an important part of our diet, but these are also sources of saturated fat. Red meat is an excellent source of iron and protein, but it is very important to look for lean cuts of meat to reduce the intake of saturated fat. Chicken breast is the leanest part of the chicken and therefore an excellent choice. Try to add some fish in your menu as it is a good source of polyunsaturated or 'good' fat.
(omega-6) is found in foods such as fish, margarine, linseed, sunflower and safflower oil, pine nuts and Brazil nuts. Polyunsaturated fat (omega-3s) is found in oily fish such as tuna, salmon, sardines and blue mackerel as well as walnuts and linseeds. Avocado can be added to sandwiches, or salads and nuts can be had as a healthy snack.
A healthy diet does not have be flavourless or bland. But instead of high fat salad dressings, opt for herbs such as parsley, mint, oregano, rosemary and coriander, or lemon juice, balsamic vinegar and spices such as black pepper and cumin seeds to give that extra zing and flavour.
In a balanced diet, it is most important to include treat foods such as desserts – gulab jamuns and chocolate whichever you prefer, as long as we adhere to the portion sizes.
Always go shopping with a planned shopping list to avoid unnecessary purchases, and try not to visit the grocery shop every other day to prevent impulse purchasing through the temptation of attractive sales and discounts.


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Coronavirus contact tracking app. Canada needs to pass legislation to secure its users
Sean Banks July 13, 2020
Most people would agree that 2020 has been one of the worst years Canada has faced since the start of the 21st-century. Covid-19 has changed the way that Canadians live. We are all wondering when this is going to end and when will life get back to "normal".
Most medical professionals will agree that it is difficult for Canada to go back to the way things were before Covid-19 if there is not a widely distributed vaccine. In addition to a vaccine, it must be possible to trace transmission of the disease and take the necessary steps to enforce quarantine.
This is where contact tracing apps for mobile phones come into the picture. Contact tracing apps use Bluetooth to alert you if you are around someone who has been diagnosed with Covid-19.
There are a number of benefits that come to you as an individual from knowing that you have been around someone who is diagnosed with Covid-19, but there are also a number of privacy and cyber security issues that most Canadians don't think about.
As contact tracing apps become more popular, it's likely that we will hear more about the cultural and social consequences of this type of tracking. By then it will have been too late for many people. They will have already surrendered more of their private data to big businesses and government than they may feel comfortable with.
Ludovic Rembert from Privacy Canada advises Canadian citizens to use a reputable, no-logging VPN application in order to protect the data stored within your device, your identity, and yourself overall. With more and more hacking attempts recorded worldwide, every little security addition on your device matters. But when it comes to contact tracing apps it's not that simple. Trading your privacy for security puts you at risk since at this point there are no clear limitations to what personal data contact tracing companies and governments need to keep you safe.
What exactly does contact tracing mean for life in Canada?
Traditional contact tracing is a labor-intensive process that involves interviewing patients who have been diagnosed with Covid-19 and determining who they have come into contact with. This is an error-prone process because it relies on people remembering where they have been and requires them to be honest about who they have been around, even if this honesty leads to embarrassing situations.
Enter cell phone apps for Covid-19 contact tracing. At the outset, this seems like the ideal solution. Everyone carries a cell phone with them all of the time. If a person has been diagnosed with Covid-19, the easiest thing would be for their cell phone to transmit information that other cell phones could receive, thereby alerting people when they have come into contact with someone who has Covid-19.
However, this seemingly great idea has the potential to create a civil liberty crisis in Canada. It would require the Canadian government to allow infringement on the civil liberty rights of Canadian citizens via a government wide digital surveillance program. Many would argue that because of the enormity of the pandemic, drastic measures need to be taken.
But citizens and government agencies need to think long and hard before they make fear-based concessions where civil liberties are concerned. In Canada, both governments and private entities have a dubious history when it comes to using a supposed crisis as a way to rob the public of hard earned civil liberties.
We only need to look to our neighbors in the south to understand how slippery the slope is when it comes to changing safety for civil liberties. After the 9/11 attacks happened in the United States, the citizens were alarmed, they were afraid, and they were distrustful. The United States government responded by enacting the Patriot Act. It was not until a whistleblower revealed the extent to which the CIA and NSA were monitoring people that Americans woke up to what they had surrendered for supposed safety.
Here in Canada, the Omnibus bill C–36 was passed, and we quickly learned what government overreach could mean for our privacy. Thankfully, more than a decade later, bill C–59 was introduced to amend the Antiterrorism Act. Now, with the clear risk that Covid-19 tracing apps pose to our privacy, we have to ask ourselves, will we learn from history? Or will we allow fear to cause us to once again give up our hard earned privacy and freedom to faceless and nameless entities?
It's true that contact tracing could be the key to reopening our economy and getting our residents from Winnipeg to Québec working again. It could also be used to create a surveillance infrastructure on a scale that Canada has never seen.
Other countries are using it. Shouldn't Canada?
A number of countries across the globe are using nationally mandated mobile apps for contact tracing. Some of these are countries that we associate with democracy and freedom, like Germany and South Korea. Others have a reputation for totalitarian rule and limits on privacy, like China. Canada has to decide for itself which path it will follow.
The argument could be made that China appears to be successful in squashing the spread of Covid-19. However, they did so by using extraordinary methods, including prohibiting travel between certain areas based on a tracking app embedded in mobile phones or online payment systems. It's doubtful that most Canadians are willing to go this far.
Canada is working on a Covid-19 app with a healthcare software company, yet it is unclear how effective the system will be. Apple and Google are also partnering up and creating a contact tracing app. This app would allow for a low level operating system process to be working 24 hours a day seven days a week. The privacy and security implications of this are mind-boggling.
The Canadian Government's role in protecting citizens' privacy rights
It's easy to get swept up by the optimism and wonder of what this technology could do. It's easy for a person to allow the desire for things to get back to normal quickly to blind them to the lack of transparency that many of these apps produced by small firms or tech giants represent.
Apple, Google, Microsoft, and other tech giants have done absolutely nothing to earn the trust of the public when it comes to privacy issues. If anything, they have shown that for them, profit is more important than your privacy. Now is the time for legislators in Canada to make informed decisions on how these tracing apps will be implemented.
The Canadian public should be especially worried if these apps are being given for free. Just think about the massive amount of resources companies like Microsoft, Google, and Apple are spending in producing these apps. They are only doing it because they are going to get some financial gain. As the old saying goes, if you are not paying for the app, then you are the product that is being sold. Now is the time for Canadians to take steps to protect their personal data.


Probably the best upgrade for taking the looseness from the steering.
The fit and finish on the 7075RC products is unmatched. These parts are not only beautiful, but also incredibley strong.
Bought these for my Chimera SR. Coupled with the C-hubs, they eliminated all the knuckle slop. Everything was a perfect fit.


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Rickman Motorcycles va ser un fabricant independent de xassissos de motocicleta britànic. Fundada pels germans Derek i Don Rickman a New Milton, Hampshire, l'empresa fabricava inicialment bastidors per a motocicletes de motocròs (modalitat coneguda a l'època al Regne Unit com a scramble) i després per a algunes de velocitat. Entre el 1960 i el 1975 va fabricar també motocicletes completes, tant de motocròs com de carretera, i durant la dècada del 1980 va comercialitzar diverses sèries d'automòbils del tipus "kit car".

Història

Les Métisse de motocròs

Entre les creacions més conegudes dels germans Rickman hi ha les motos de motocròs Métisse de començaments de la dècada del 1960. Experts en tota mena de disciplines de fora d'asfalt, Don i Derek Rickman van competir amb èxit durant anys al campionat britànic i al d'Europa de motocròs. A l'abril de 1958 van obrir la seva primera botiga de motocicletes a New Milton i el 1959 van desenvolupar el seu primer model de competició, la Rickman Métisse Mark I, millorada el 1960 amb la versió Mark II. El 1962 en va aparèixer la tercera versió, la Rickman Métisse Mark III, equipada per primer cop amb un xassís propi fet amb tub Reynolds 531, amb nova tensió a la cadena i profusió de peces de fibra de vidre.

Les Rickman Métisse eren un producte de qualitat que ajuntava el bo i millor de dos mons: d'una banda, els motors de quatre temps de  britànics (, , Matchless, etc.), aleshores els dominadors de l'especialitat, i de l'altra, els fiables i estables bastidors que construïen els Rickman amb l'excel·lent tub d'aliatge Reynolds. Les suspensions i altres elements (dipòsit, fibres, etc.) provenien també dels millors fabricants, de manera que les motos resultants eren un conglomerat de procedències diverses i, per aquesta raó, s'anomenaven Métisse ("mestissa" en francès). Rickman subministrava inicialment kits de bastidors al públic, ja que cap fabricant de motocicletes britànic important no venia motors per separat (més tard, quan va poder disposar finalment de motors, l'empresa va subministrar també motocicletes completes). Aquests kits es van construir per a molts tipus de motors, entre ells els bicilíndrics Triumph i els monocilíndrics BSA i Matchless. A part dels mateixos germans Rickman, nombrosos pilots de renom van aconseguir èxits al mundial de motocròs amb les Métisse, entre ells Bill Nilsson, Sten Lundin, Hubert Scaillet, John Burton, Gunnar Johansson i Bengt Åberg.

El , els germans Rickman van entrar en contacte amb Bultaco i, juntament amb Paco Bultó, van crear un model a imatge de les anteriors Métisse de quatre temps, però aquest cop amb un motor de Bultaco Tralla de dos temps, inicialment de 196 cc () i després, de  (). Anomenada Bultaco Métisse, el  els germans Rickman la van començar a produir en sèrie en exclusiva per al Regne Unit, mentre que Bultaco la fabricava per a la resta del món. Aquesta moto obtingué un gran èxit comercial i esportiu. El  Bultaco va llançar el seu propi model de motocròs, substituint l'anterior, al qual anomenà Bultaco Pursang per contraposició ("pura sang" per comptes de "mestissa"). Tot i així, els Rickman seguiren fabricant i comercialitzant al Regne Unit les seves Métisse amb motors Bultaco.

Altres motocicletes Rickman

A mitjan dècada del 1960, els Rickman van produir també xassissos de competició per a les AJS 7R monocilíndriques de velocitat. El 1966, van desenvolupar les seves dues primeres Métisse d'aquesta modalitat en col·laboració amb Tom Kirby, Paul Dunstall i Lockheed. Amb una d'elles, Bill Ivy guanyà una cursa a Mallory Park. Aquell mateix any, es presentà a l'Earls Court Show la primera "Street Métisse", una moto de carretera matriculable equipada amb motor de Triumph Bonneville.

A finals dels seixanta, Rickman va crear una transformació a la capçalera del cilindre de 700 cc de vuit vàlvules per als motors bicilíndrics Triumph de 650 cc que va augmentar-ne considerablement la potència de sortida (fins a 60 CV o més segons l'estat de l'afinament) i va posar al descobert alguns punts febles als cigonyals i bieles de Triumph. L'ajustament de la cadena es feia mitjançant discs excèntrics en comptes de tirants per tal d'evitar desalineacions.

Al tombant del 1970, Rickman va començar a produir motocicletes de motocròs completes en tres cilindrades: 100, 125 i 250 cc. Les de 100 cc duien motors japonesos Hodaka, les de 125 en duien d'alemanys Zündapp i les de 250 cc, de catalans  (concretament del model de motocròs de la marca, la Montesa Cappra). Aquestes motos ja no es comercialitzaven sota la marca Rickman Métisse, sinó simplement com a Rickman. Moltes d'aquestes motos es van produir de 1971 a 1975, la majoria d'elles per a ser exportades a l'Amèrica del Nord.

Després que la fàbrica de Royal Enfield tanqués el 1970, poc més de 200 motors Interceptor de la sèrie II van quedar varats al moll, camí dels Estats Units per a ser lliurats al conegut preparador de motocicletes nord-americà Floyd Clymer. Com que Clymer es va morir just aleshores, els seus agents d'exportació (Mitchell's, de Birmingham), es van fer càrrec dels motors i els van demanar xassissos als germans Rickman, els quals van fabricar aleshores una sèrie limitada de 137 Rickman Interceptor.

El 1974, Rickman va rebre el Queen's Award to Industry pel seu negoci d'exportació, just el mateix any que Norton Villiers Triumph va fer fallida. Els germans Rickman van centrar la seva atenció llavors en motors japonesos més grans i van començar a vendre kits de bastidor per a motos d'aquests fabricants, entre elles l'Honda CB750 i la  Z1. Rickman va produir models com ara les Rickman Honda 750, Rickman Kawasaki Z1 i Z90, Rickman Honda Bol d'Or 10th century, Rickman Kawasaki Z1000 i Rickman Suzuki GS1000. Les seves motocicletes de carretera van ser les primeres a emprar frens de disc tant davant com darrere (una empresa conjunta amb Lockheed).

Tant les motocicletes que fabricava Rickman com els seus kits de bastidor eren coneguts pel seu bell treball de fibra de vidre i els xassissos niquelats. Entre les innovacions de la firma hi havia l'ús de forquilles telescòpiques de gran diàmetre (1-5/8", o 41,2 mm) i tubs de xassís buits que feien de dipòsit d'oli per tal d'ajudar a dissipar l'escalfor i estalviar pes.

Final de l'empresa
La companyia va deixar de produir motocicletes completes el 1975, però va continuar produint accessoris. Finalment, durant la dècada del 1980, els Rickman es van retirar i van vendre les seves peces a una empresa anomenada MRD ("Model, Replica & Design"), fins aleshores especialitzada en models d'avions. Així va néixer l'empresa 'MRD Metisse', dirigida per Pat French, un fan de les Rickman Métisse. El negoci va anar bé a fins al tombant de dècada, però a començaments de la del 1990 va començar a afluixar. El 1999 va entrar en escena un altre entusiasta que va crear una nova empresa, Métisse Motorcycles Ltd, i li va comprar el negoci a Pat French, inclosos alguns elements posteriors i els drets d'ús de la paraula 'Métisse'.

Durant tot aquest període, Adrian Moss, un altre fan de Rickman (a més de reeixit pilot de motocròs i amic personal dels dos germans), fou el primer a detectar que la Mark III seria el model més popular de tota la història de la marca. Moss, qui ja estava construint motos i recanvis Rickman alhora que hi participava en competicions (el 1981 va crear la British Bike Bonanza, una cursa anual de motocròs destinada a motocicletes anteriors a 1965 que encara s'organitza actualment), va aconseguir que el nom de l'empresa, Rickman Motorcycles, li fos cedit sota llicència i posteriorment li fou venut, cosa que va permetre que la producció de les genuïnes motocicletes Rickman continués com sempre s'havia fet, ara des de la seva empresa Rickman Motorcycles Ltd.

Derek i Don Rickman van ser introduïts al Motorcycle Hall of Fame de l'AMA el 2007.

Kit cars
El 1985, abans que els germans Rickman es retiressin, Rickman Engineering Limited es va diversificar en enginyeria general i en la producció d'una sèrie de "kit cars" (automòbils que es venen per peces per a permetre als constructors afeccionats de construir-se'ls ells mateixos), un d'anomenat Rickman Ranger, amb una versió de carrosseria en fibra de vidre similar a la del Suzuki Jeep, i un coupé esportiu Metisse, basat en peces mecàniques obtingudes de vehicles usats i altres de fabricació individual. Rickman i, més tard, l'empresa Lomax Company, van produir més de 1.000 d'aquests vehicles. El Ranger el va produir més tard a Rússia l'empresa Avtokam.

Referències

Enllaços externs

 Lloc Web oficial de Rickman Motorcycles Ltd
 Club de propietaris de Rickman Rangers i Métisse

Fabricants de motocicletes de motocròs i enduro
Fabricants de motocicletes de velocitat
Fabricants de motocicletes anglesos desapareguts
Fabricants d'automòbils desapareguts
Empreses de Hampshire

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Geotechnical Engineering Grande Prairie | D W Jensen Drilling Ltd.
The skilled engineers at D W Jensen Drilling Ltd. can help you get an understanding of geotechnical engineering. Whether you are planning to work on a new construction project or laying the foundation of a property, rely on our team in Grande Prairie to understand geotechnical engineering concepts and their implementation.
Geotechnical engineering is the study of the behaviour of soil and rock from engineering perspective. This engineering discipline covers assessing slope stability and the risk of landslides, rock fall and avalanches. The knowledge gained in this domain can be applied to the design of foundations, clay liners, retaining walls, earth dams, and geo-synthetics for waste containment.
Geotechnics includes the study of some important materials like clay, silt, rock, sand, and snow. In this study, an engineer uses various engineering methods and principles to collect and interpret the physical properties of the materials used in building and construction.
Geotechnical engineers perform geotechnical investigations to get the information about the physical properties of soil and rock. The investigation includes surface exploration and subsurface exploration of a construction site. Subsurface exploration includes in-situ testing. Examples of a few common in-situ tests are standard penetration test and cone penetration test. Surface exploration includes geological mapping, geophysical method, and more. Apart from investigation, various tests are performed to check a variety of soil samplers to ensure that the material meets the needs of engineering projects.
Why Choose a Geotechnical Engineer or a Consultant?
Geotechnical engineers are responsible for designing foundations on the basis of the characteristics of the structure and the properties of soils. Initially, an engineer estimates the magnitude and location of the loads to be supported. Further, an investigation plan is designed to explore the subsurface. Next, the geotechnical engineer determines necessary soil parameters by performing field and lab testing that includes consolidation test, standard penetration test, and more. Towards the end, the engineer designs the foundation in the safest and most economical manner.


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August 31, 2017 | By DRM In Criminal Defense
Does Law Enforcement Owe A Duty Of Care To Fleeing Suspects?
It has long been established under Utah common law that a law enforcement officer engaged in a high-speed pursuit owes a duty of care to innocent bystanders during the pursuit. Thus, injury to a bystander caused by the negligent driving of an officer during a pursuit can lead to a valid claim against the officer.
The Utah Supreme Court, however, only very recently weighed in on the issue of whether such duty of care applies to fleeing suspects themselves.
The case of the high-speed chase
In March of 2010, 16-year-old Wayne Torrie took off on a joy ride with the family car, and his mother called the local police to help track him down. During the ride, the teenager texted his mom, saying that he was afraid to go to jail and that he would try to flee from police, even if it meant getting injured in the process. After less than a minute of being pursued by police, Torrie's car veered off the road and rolled several times in a neighboring field. Torrie was ejected from the car during the crash and suffered fatal injuries. The Torrie family filed a wrongful death lawsuit shortly after the crash.
Police officer's duty of care
Under Utah law, drivers generally owe a duty of care to others, and negligent or reckless driving may be considered a breach of such duty. In the case of law enforcement officers, however, the rules can be different. For instance, Utah statutory law exempts emergency vehicles from the normal traffic laws during pursuits.
On this basis, a lower Utah court summarily dismissed the lawsuit, concluding that law enforcement does not owe a duty of care to fleeing suspects. The Utah Supreme Court, however, reversed the decision to dismiss the case and remanded the case to the lower court for further proceedings. It reasoned that the Utah statutes giving police officers broader powers to act effectively during pursuits do not relieve officers of the duty to fleeing suspects to drive in a reasonable way during the pursuit.
Reaction to the decision
In a recent news article, concern was expressed over the decision and the effect it may have on future police pursuits. As a result of the decision, police may consider potential lawsuits from criminals as they are chasing them. Others argue that the decision should not affect the mindset of the typical police officer, because in practice, courts usually defer to the judgment of law enforcement.
Wrongful death claims are typically an uphill battle, especially when law enforcement is involved, and therefore require the careful and precise assistance of an experienced attorney. The attorneys at Larsen, Larsen, Nash & Larsen are well-trained in a variety of complex personal injury claims and can assist you with your case.
escaping law officers high speed chase utah common law
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Grant in July 2012
(1981-08-13) August 13, 1981 (age 39)
West Bloomfield, Michigan, U.S.
workplace dynamics
Allison Grant
www.adamgrant.net
Adam M. Grant (born August 13, 1981) is an American psychologist and author who is currently a professor at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania specializing in organizational psychology. He received academic tenure aged 28, making him the youngest tenured professor at the Wharton School.
1 Early life and education
2 Academic career
4 Published work
Early life and education[edit]
Adam M. Grant was born in the township of West Bloomfield, Michigan on August 13, 1981 to a lawyer father and a teacher mother.[1][2] He grew up in the suburbs of Detroit, Michigan. Grant participated in springboard diving and aspired to be a professional basketball player growing up.[2] During high school, he was named an All-American in 1999 in diving.[3]
He received a B.A. from Harvard College, and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Michigan in organizational psychology.[4] He worked as a professional magician during college.[5] While in graduate school, he married his wife Allison; the couple has three children.[6]
Academic career[edit]
Grant was hired by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill to serve as an assistant professor for organizational behavior in 2007. After publishing several papers in academic journals, he was hired as an associate professor at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania in 2009, becoming the school's youngest tenured professor at age 28.[7][8] He was ranked by students the best professor at the university from 2011 to 2017.[9] In 2013, he wrote his first book, Give and Take: A Revolutionary Approach to Success.[10] As his first published book on organizational psychology, it explored the dynamics behind collaboration, negotiation, and networking in business. The book went on to be translated in twenty-seven languages.[11] Susan Dominus of The New York Times states that his book "incorporated scores of studies and personal case histories that suggest the benefits of an attitude of extreme giving at work."[2] In recognition for his work, Grant was named a World Economic Forum Young Global Leader and a Thinkers50 Most Influential Global Management Thinker in 2015.[10]
A year later his second book, Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World, was published.[12] This study looked at the benefits for pursuing artistic avocations, constantly improving rather than constantly innovating business practices, and the benefits of procrastination.[11] The book became a New York Times bestseller and inspired a TED talk on the habits of original thinkers.[13][14] Reviews of the book were mixed. While Scientific American praised Grant's work,[15] The Guardian was more critical, commenting: "At times, Grant could be accused of straying off-topic, especially when he is dispensing advice. Children taught how their bad behaviour affects others develop a moral sensibility lacking in those who are merely admonished, he writes, without providing a clear link to the concept of originality."[16] He was named to Fortune's 40 under 40 the same year.[17] In 2017, he co-authored his third book with Facebook Chief Operating Officer (COO) Sheryl Sandberg, Option B: Facing Adversity, Building Resilience, and Finding Joy. The book focused on Grant's close relationship with his co-author and her resilience after her husband's sudden death at a Mexican resort.[18]
On August 8, 2017, a software engineer from Google, James Damore, published his controversial 10-page manifesto that argued that there were a range of reasons why men were the majority demographic at Google.[19][20] Grant published a rebuff on LinkedIn which was featured on CNBC. In his rebuff, he outlined modern consensus among social scientists that believe there is "little to no" differences between the sexes in technical abilities.[20]
Business[edit]
Adam Grant is the host of the WorkLife podcast.[21]
In 2017 Grant co-founded (along with University of Michigan Professor Wayne Baker and social scientist Cheryl Baker) Give and Take, Inc.,[22] a company that makes a software called Givitas, a web-based SaaS platform designed to help organizations implement the principles from his book Give and Take.
Grant serves on the board of Lean In[23] and chairs the Creative Advisory board of EXILE Content.[24]
Published work[edit]
Books[edit]
Grant, Adam. 2021. Think Again: The Power of Knowing What You Don't Know
Grant, Adam; Sandberg, Sheryl. 2017. Option B: Facing Adversity, Building Resilience, and Finding Joy.
Grant, Adam. 2016. Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World.
Grant, Adam. 2013. Give and Take: A Revolutionary Approach to Success
Grant has written hundreds of research papers, journal articles, newspaper articles, and blog posts. He has been a contributing opinion writer for The New York Times and a World Economic Forum Young Global Leader.[25]
Awards[edit]
Grant has won numerous awards for research, speaking, writing, and teaching. He won the Class of 1984 Teaching Award, acknowledging him as the highest rated Wharton MBA professor, in 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018. He has won over a dozen other teaching awards at the Wharton School.[25]
List of Harvard College people
List of University of Michigan people
List of University of Pennsylvania people
^ "eStories". www.estories.com. Retrieved August 30, 2017.
^ a b c Dominus, Susan (March 27, 2013). "Is Giving the Secret to Getting Ahead?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
^ "1999 Mens Public School All American Divers". USA Diving. Retrieved July 12, 2017.
^ "Adam Grant - Management Department". Management Department. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
^ Give and Take - Adam Grant on YouTube
^ "Award Citation" (PDF). American Psychologist. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
^ Dominus, Susan. "Is Giving the Secret to Getting Ahead?". The New York Times. Retrieved April 2, 2013.
^ Maurer, Tim. "Are You A Complainer, Consumer Or Contributor?". Forbes. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
^ Clifford, Catherine (May 18, 2017). "Why Wharton's No. 1 professor recommends keeping a resume of your failures". CNBC. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
^ a b "Adam Grant - Thinkers 50". Thinkers 50. November 11, 2013. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
^ a b Auerbach, Brad. "Book Review: 'Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World'". Forbes. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
^ "Adam Grant, Original". whartonmagazine.com. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
^ "TED Talk".
^ "Option B".
^ Konkel, Lindsey (May 1, 2016). "Review: Originals". Scientific American. Retrieved May 13, 2020.
^ "Originals by Adam Grant; The End of Average by Todd Rose review – how to innovate and excel". Retrieved May 27, 2018.
^ "Adam Grant". Fortune. September 22, 2016. Retrieved May 4, 2017.
^ "Life After Death". TIME.com. Retrieved June 2, 2018.
^ Swisher, Kara (August 7, 2017). "Google fires employee who penned controversial memo on women and tech". CNBC. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
^ a b Clifford, Catherine (August 8, 2017). "Wharton professor eviscerates viral Google memo: Differences between men and women are slim to none". CNBC. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
^ "WorkLife with Adam Grant". itunes.apple.com. Retrieved January 22, 2019.
^ "Givitas - Knowledge Collaboration Software - Give and Take". giveandtakeinc.com. Retrieved January 22, 2019.
^ "Lean In Founders & Advisory Board". leanin.org. Retrieved March 19, 2019.
^ Ramos, Dino-Ray. "Diego Luna, Gael Garcia Bernal Join Exile's Creative Advisory Board With Chair Adam Grant". Deadline. PMC. Retrieved February 19, 2020.
^ a b "Adam Grant CV" (PDF). Wharton.
Rys, Richard. Spring 2016. "Adam Grant, Original". Wharton Magazine.
Official webpage
Adam Grant at TED
Adam Grant's Business Insider Interview 2019 [1]
SNAC: w6m62w8k
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adam_Grant&oldid=997376199"
21st-century American male writers
21st-century American non-fiction writers
Academics from Michigan
American business writers
American male non-fiction writers
American men podcasters
American podcasters
American psychologists
Harvard College alumni
People from West Bloomfield, Michigan
Organizational psychologists
University of Michigan alumni
Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania faculty
Writers from Michigan
Writers from Philadelphia
Use mdy dates from December 2020
Wikipedia articles with NKC identifiers
Wikipedia articles with NLK identifiers
Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers
Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers


Journal of "UHF-Dielectrophoresis Crossover Frequency as a New Marker for Discrimination of Glioblastoma Undifferentiated Cells" published in IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics, RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology, February 2019.
Cite all versions? You can cite all versions by using the DOI 10.5281/zenodo.2556277. This DOI represents all versions, and will always resolve to the latest one. Read more.


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text:
« Looking for a Ph.D. student to join the lab
Tree Skinks Go To School: The Complexities of Social Learning in Lizards »
By Tobias Uller
A new study on water fleas, headed by Reinder and Alex, suggests that a classic example of adaptive maternal effects is not as adaptive as we might have thought.
Some years ago, Tobias, Sinead and Shinichi did a meta-analysis that seemed to undermine the idea that maternal effects are designed to transfer information about the local environment. Reviewers and editors did not really want to hear that, and the paper proved somewhat difficult to publish (but has been well received and cited). But one 'anticipatory maternal effects' appeared well supported: water fleas exposed to toxic cyanobacteria produced offspring that were more tolerant to the toxin.
So, to understand how this maternal effect evolves, Reinder and Alex challenged water flea mothers and offspring with cyanobacteria that produce the toxin microcystin. But rather than just expose the animals throughout their lives, they also exposed mothers at different times during her life. The rationale is that maternal effects that have been selected to transmit information are expected to behave like signals – triggered and delivered by a system well designed to pass on information with limited cost to the receiver.
It turned out that offspring indeed were somewhat better able to handle the toxin when their mothers had been exposed late in their lives. In other words, tolerance or resistance can be transmitted to the next generation through non-genetic means. But there was not much to suggest that the mechanism has been selected to transmit information about the presence of cyanobacteria. Instead, our experimental evidence – along with a meta-analysis of Daphnia research – fits better with a model of passive transfer of tolerance rather than an anticipatory maternal effect. Again, reviewers and editors were not very happy to hear this, and this paper also proved somewhat difficult to publish.
We should not be too surprised of these results, however. Not all plastic responses that allow organisms to cope with stress are properly seen as adaptations to cope with the stressor. We can think of these maternal effects as – in Mary-Jane West-Eberhard terms – examples of phenotypic accommodation that have not yet been followed by genetic accommodation.
But while our results question if there really has been selection for maternal transfer of information about microcystin exposure, the study is still not quite conclusive. Two kinds of follow-up studies would be particularly informative.
The first is to contrast responses of populations of water fleas with different evolutionary histories of exposure. This kind of comparison can effectively reveal if plastic responses in naïve animals become fine-tuned over evolutionary time (see a nice example from house finches here).
The second is to reveal the mechanism of the maternal effect. This would not only tell us 'how it works', but – keeping the comparison with signals in mind – whether or not the mechanism has properties that we expect of systems designed to transmit information.
We have our ideas about what is going on, and Alex has just completed a set of experiments that can tell us more. In the meantime, we hope that this paper will inspire more studies to look at maternal effects as a window into the evolutionary transition from stress-induced responses to local adaptation. To get started, please see here and here.
November 20th, 2018 | Category: Cool Research, Publication


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Cyclist rescued by firefighters after A4 crash in Reading
The cyclist had to be rescued by fire crews before being taken to hospital after the crash in Shepherds Hill
James AldridgeReporter
A cyclist had to be rescued from underneath a van after a crash on the A4.
Emergency services had to free the man before he was taken to hospital on Tuesday, January 14.
Part of the A4 was closed for around two hours while rescue crews dealt with the collision on the Shepherds Hill roundabout near Reading , Berkshire.
A spokesman for South Central Ambulance Service said: "We received multiple 999 calls around 5.15pm all reporting a serious collision between a van and a cyclist outside the Majestic Wine Warehouse in London Road, and we were informed that the cyclist was trapped under the vehicle.
"We sent an ambulance, a paramedic team leader in a rapid response vehicle and the Thames Valley Air Ambulance critical care car to the scene.
"The cyclist fortunately only sustained what was thought to be a minor leg injury, and following initial treatment he was then taken to the Royal Berkshire Hospital for further assessment."
A spokesman for the Royal Berkshire Fire and Rescue Service added: "Crews from Wokingham Road, Caversham Road and Whitley Wood fire stations were sent to the scene.
"A cyclist had collided with a van, so firefighters worked to release the cyclist before placing them in the care of the South Central Ambulance Service.
"Crews were on scene for about 45 minutes."
The crash led to long delays on the A4 , which links East Reading to Woodley and Sonning.
It also caused tailbacks in the surrounding area as drivers were diverted away from the scene.
Closures were in place for more than two hours before the crash was cleared at around 7.44pm.
Stay up to date with all the latest traffic and travel news in the Berkshire Traffic and Travel Facebook group.
Royal Berkshire Fire and Rescue Service
East Reading
South Central Ambulance Service
Royal Berkshire Hospital


"The right to be heard would be, in many cases, of little avail if it did not comprehend the right to be heard by counsel. Even the intelligent and educated layman has small and sometimes no skill in the science of law. If charged with crime, he is incapable, generally, of determining for himself whether the indictment is good or bad. He is unfamiliar with the rules of evidence. Left without the aid of counsel he may be put on trial without a proper charge, and convicted upon incompetent evidence, or evidence irrelevant to the issue or otherwise inadmissible. He lacks both the skill and knowledge adequately to prepare his defense, even though he have a perfect one. He requires the guiding hand of counsel at every step in the proceedings against him. Without it, though he be not guilty, he faces the danger of conviction because he does not know how to establish his innocence. If that be true of men of intelligence, how much more true is it of the ignorant and illiterate, or those of feeble intellect."
For these and other reasons, the Court ruled that in capital cases, defendants are entitled to an attorney.
Ten years after the decision in Powell v. Alabama, a case regarding the defendant's right to a lawyer was again before the Court in Betts v. Brady. In this case, a man in Maryland was accused of robbery. He was too poor to afford a lawyer, so he asked the state Circuit Court to appoint one. The court denied his request so he represented himself. He was convicted and sentenced to eight years in prison. When his petition to the Maryland Court of Appeals for habeas corpus was denied, he asked the Supreme Court of the United States to review his case.
"This material demonstrates that, in the great majority of the States, it has been the considered judgment of the people, their representatives and their courts that appointment of counsel is not a fundamental right, essential to a fair trial. On the contrary, the matter has generally been deemed one of legislative policy. In the light of this evidence, we are unable to say that the concept of due process incorporated in the Fourteenth Amendment obligates the States, whatever may be their own views, to furnish counsel in every such case. . . . The states should not be strait-jacketed in this respect."
"Asserted denial [of due process of law] is to be tested by an appraisal of the totality of facts in a given case. That which may, in one setting, constitute a denial of fundamental fairness, shocking to the universal sense of justice, may, in other circumstances, and in the light of other considerations, fall short of such denial. In the application of such a concept, there is always the danger of falling into the habit of formulating the guarantee into a set of hard and fast rules, the application of which in a given case may be to ignore the qualifying factors. . . . "
In other words, poor defendants were entitled to a lawyer in "special circumstances," such as when the defendant was mentally disabled or the charges were especially complex. In other noncapital cases, states were not required to provide counsel.
Next, read the Summary of the Decision.
Create a time line of these cases. In your time line, include the year, the name of the case, and a one-sentence summary of the decision in each of the cases. What is the common thread in all of them?
In the United States, courts generally make decisions based on the precedent that has been established in earlier cases. This practice is called stare decisis, which is the Latin term for "to stand by what has been decided". Justice Brandeis once said, "In most matters it is more important that the applicable rule of law be settled than that it be settled right. . . . But in cases involving the Federal Constitution, where correction through legislative action is practically impossible, this Court has often overruled its earlier decisions. The Court bows to the lessons of experience and the force of better reasoning" (Lewis 84). In other words, the Court is sometimes justified in changing its mind. On over two hundred occasions, the Court has done exactly that when it overruled a prior decision, as it did in the case of Gideon v. Wainwright.
Why does the Court try, as much as possible, to follow the doctrine of stare decisis? What would our country be like if the Court did not follow precedents established in earlier cases?
What rationale does Justice Brandeis provide for the Court occasionally changing its mind?
Why did the Court change its mind in Gideon v. Wainwright? To what extent did it depart from its earlier decisions? Why did it do this?
What impact did the decision in Gideon v. Wainwright have on the due process rights of criminal defendants in the United States?


CMEPS students benefit from the unique set-up of the program which provides them with many opportunities. The integrated semester abroad at the partner university is a valuable opportunity for students to improve their language skills and immerse themselves in a foreign culture; joint classes facilitate personal interaction between Egyptian and German students. The program also includes a practicum module for which students complete an internship with a public or private organization in their host country to gain both practical and intercultural experiences and thus boost their job prospects and personal development.
The CMEPS program is the first Master's degree acknowledged in Germany, Egypt, and the United States. Graduates will have excellent job opportunities for academic and non-academic careers in either country. They will be qualified to work at leading universities or in governmental or private research institutions. The focus on Middle East politics and societal issues provides an excellent foundation for a career in German and international institutions concerned with development cooperation or diplomacy, NGOs, Political Foundations and Think Tanks.
If you want to apply to the CMEPS program, please visit our Apply page.


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Home Press Release Eutelsat's Konnect Africa To Provide Internet For 3,600 Schools In DR Congo
Eutelsat's Konnect Africa To Provide Internet For 3,600 Schools In DR Congo
Konnect Africa, a subsidiary of Eutelsat Communications (NYSE Euronext Paris: ETL), Schoolap and Flash Services yesterday announced a Memorandum of Understanding to connect several thousand schools across the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) to the Internet as part of the Schoolap project. It aims to provide schools with high-speed internet connectivity, giving them access to a digital platform of officially recognized educational content and high-quality teaching materials.
The first stage of the project aims to connect 3,600 private schools over the next 12 months, leveraging Konnect Africa's satellite capacity and technical expertise, notably in terms of installation.
Each school will subscribe to a "Home Unlimited or plus" package, giving it access to a high-speed internet service. At a later stage, it is planned to roll the project out to several tens of thousands more schools, thereby responding to the requirement for digital inclusion which is part of government policy.
Konnect Africa has been operating for over a year in the DRC, bringing broadband connectivity to unserved or poorly served areas, by delivering a solution that is affordable, flexible and available everywhere. Currently operating with limited capacity, Konnect Africa will see its in-orbit resources increase tenfold with the entry into service of the EUTELSAT KONNECT satellite in the autumn of 2020. With a total capacity of 75 Gbps, EUTELSAT KONNECT will be able to provide speeds of up to 100 Mbps with total or partial coverage of 40 African countries.
Konnect Africa CEO Jean-Claude Tshipama said: "This project highlights the major benefits of satellite internet in bridging the digital divide, as well as the efficiency of the solutions deployed by the Konnect Africa teams. The entry into service of EUTELSAT KONNECT in the coming months will be a milestone in our ability to better address the strong demand for connectivity from our customers, ranging from individuals to businesses and government agencies."
South African Radio Astronomy Observatory Mandated To Manage The Production Of...
SANSA CEO, Dr Valanathan Munsami joins SGAC Advisory Board


Home Woodworking Project Plans. Free Delivery on orders over £ 50.
Jun 06 · If you' ve seen a wedding website in the past year , so you' ve probably seen these tissue paper Pom- Poms. A map is a great piece of extra info to include in your wedding invites for any friends and family coming in from out of town.
This pink paper rose wedding bouquet is perfect for your big day! Do you have advice on great invitation design software or desktop publishing software?
While this map wouldn' t be impressive to a pro with professional grade software will be. Make western party invitations for birthdays farewells save the dates.
The key to DIY wedding invitations that don' t look DIY? Written by Jackie Mangiolino When it comes to formal there are entire books written on etiquette, traditional wedding invitations I' ve read nearly all of them. Wedding invitations are letters sent to invite guests to a wedding. Anna Skye Anna Skye designs and shares invitation templates on her blog Download & Print.
Learn how to make your own bouquet using our free template and simple tutorial. We have a growing photo gallery full of wedding invitations for the DIY bride Baby Shower Invitations to host a party for the mom to be, birthday party invitations for young old plus a whole heap more! Wedding Table Plan Layout Template. This post is part of a campaign I' m doing with Shutterfly on How to Make a Great Photobooth.
Inviting guests with customised invitations is sure to increase likelihood of them attending as it demonstrates you have put in a lot of time effort. Customize digital invites for kids adult birthdays, baby showers holidays & more. We went the DIY route for our wedding invitations and I absolutely LOVE the way they turned out!
They' re easy and ine. Since launching this handcrafted lifestyle site with her first paper rose in Lia , her team have developed thousands of original designs, templates, make , tutorials for those who love to learn create. As a traditional invitation designer etiquette lover it' s my job to know every obscure rule in the book. At Polka Dot Design, polka dot invitations are available online.
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Thousands of templates to jump start your project. Walking down the aisle is a momentous occasion, one that you will celebrate every day for the rest of your life.
Design signage, order custom printed marketing materials promotional products directly from your office. They were put together using a combination of pocketfold envelopes lace , ribbon, buttons twine. Hoover Web Design offers business services invitations, award certificates, custom printable business forms, pdf signs with office help secretary services.
Rett Graphics include baby soccer graphics, graduation clipart, birthday, football clipart, baseball clip art, cheer clipart, cheerleader clip art wedding. In addition to providing relevant information like the date place of the event, time the invitation sets the tone for the wedding. Track RSVPs on- the- go.
Last week we featured this DIY invitation suite that used Belluccia to create an expensive custom look for less it inspired me to round- up 50 of my favorite fonts. This includes kids birthday parties and bridal showers. Her invitation templates can be used by DIY Brides and Hostesses can make their own invitations at. Hanging from Jute twine with coordinating ribbon bow and chalk loop. The Best Free Wedding Table Planner Excel Free Download PDF And Video. Free diy wedding invitations software. Get Free Wedding Table Planner Excel: Our plans taken from past issues of our Magazine include detailed instructions cut lists and illustrations - everything you need to help you build your next arch For Free Wedding Table Planner Excel.
Weddings can be quiet an expensive affair. Y & free stationery printables for parties weddings, the home, entertaining, food, fashion & more, gifts created by Amy Moss. You are sure to find inspiration in our growing galleries of hand made invitations and cards.
Get Wedding Table Plan Layout Template: You are here. Style inspiration, D. So we have got you free wedding program pamphlet templates so that you save up on something. If you' re already planning on DIYing your invites, you' ll be happy to know it doesn' t take an expert map maker to DIY a map insert as well!
Satisfaction Absolutely Guaranteed. FREE Fonts to use on Rustic or Vintage Inspired Invitations + download a FREE Printable Wedding Invitation!
Or develop an online presence with our digital marketing services. The cost of paper then printing , getting professional designs folded the programs can run you into the hundreds of ee Wedding / Marriage Program Template. Free diy wedding invitations software. It' s fun, easy. Shop for Wedding from our Gifts range at John Lewis & Partners. Upon my niece' s ( sister- inlaw' s) approval I printed them on photo paper. Fortnite Invitations.
Over the next few weeks I' ll be giving DIY tips on how to make them. Every good party needs a photobooth! Free diy wedding invitations software. Want to create your wedding invitation yourself?
The Best Wedding Table Plan Layout Template Free Download PDF And Video. You don' t even need polka dot coupon codes or discount codes. Handmade Wedding Countdown Plaque. And a lot of patience.
Whether your event is DIY you' re just adding a few personal touches to the space JOANN carries everything you need to make the day a dream come true. Free search access too and organized database of free woodworking plans.
130+ wedding templates. Check out the editable invitations in Microsoft Word right ee Wedding Table Planner Excel. Invitations in both Microsoft Word & Photoshop formats Unlimited Downloads, All Collections!
Personalised invitations are a great way to invite your special guests to your wedding birthday, Christmas , engagement cocktail party. If you' re planning a rustic vintage- inspired wedding then I hope you' ll enjoy this FREE wedding invitation template that I created at least walk away with some. Free Wedding Invitation Templates for Word. Wedding programs can be sometimes cost more than they are budgeted for.
Polka dot patterns are the most popular theme at all parties. Wanted Cowgirl and Cowboy Invitations.


Here you can check how Radnički Niš compares to Atromitos Athinon FC by stats. The data is calculated based on matches from Europa League. This can be very useful in predicting the outcome of the next match.


Can we get married at Berwick Lodge?
Yes, the Mews is licensed for civil ceremonies and civil partnerships for up to 80 guests and a venue ceremony fee of £600 applies, in addition to registrar fee. Couples should arrange their own registrar directly with South Gloucestershire Council on 01454 863140.
How many guests can Berwick hold for a Wedding Reception?
Our beautiful restaurant Hattusa holds up to 100 guests for a sit down reception and 150 for an evening party with entertainment.
Can we have a marquee Wedding Reception at Berwick Lodge?
Yes, if you hire Berwick Lodge on an exclusive basis, we can arrange a marquee reception for you, through our trusted and reliable supplier, for up to 400 guests.
How long is Berwick Lodge ours for if we hire the venue exclusively?
Exclusive use is available from midday on the day of your wedding, with accommodation guaranteed from 2pm, with hire finishing at 11am the following day.
How many bedrooms are there are Berwick Lodge?
There are 12 bedrooms in the main hotel and 2 additional bedrooms in the Mews, totalling accommodation for 27 guests. Four extra beds are available for children at an additional cost of £25 per bed including breakfast.
How much is it to have our wedding at Berwick Lodge?
Our guide wedding pricing is defined by season; Spring/Summer (April – September) and Autumn/Winter (October to March). To receive guide prices please view our downloadable price lists.
Weddings can range from £4,000–£20,000 depending on guest numbers, time of the year, day of the week and catering choices.
We are super flexible when it comes to cost, especially during quieter times of the year and on increasingly popular midweek dates. So please don't be shy to discuss your budget – every couple has one!
Click here for current special offers.
If you'd like to discuss your budget or are thinking about booking your wedding within the next 6 months, give Simone a call on 0117 958 1590.
When can we view Berwick Lodge as a possible venue for our wedding?
Viewings can be arranged throughout the week, early evenings and weekends. We recommend allowing an hour to see the venue and to have a chat with our Wedding Coordinator. You can request your ideal viewing time online or call on 0117 958 1590 to arrange.
I've never organised a wedding before! Can Berwick help us with the organisation?
Don't worry, our Wedding Coordinator Simone is here every step of the way to help and guide you, including on the day. We've got a fantastic relationship with some of the best wedding suppliers in the area so if you want any recommendations, just ask.
Simone updates the Blog, Instagram and Berwick Weddings Facebook page with tips, advice and images. Feel free to pop on over and like the page! Even if you're not getting married at Berwick you'll find useful information and inspiration for your own wedding.
What time is Berwick licensed until?
Our bar and music license is until midnight, however a late licence until 1am can be arranged at an additional cost.
How much is the deposit for our wedding?
If you'd like to confirm your provisional Wedding booking with us, we require a £1,000 deposit along with a signed contract to secure your date, which is based on your minimum requirements for the day. We ask that the signed contract and deposit is returned within 14 days of receipt. Final payment is due in full, 1 month before the wedding itself.
Our stunning collection of bedrooms has been individually styled to offer guests a personal experience during their stay at Berwick Lodge.


The University's 1958 master plan divided academic from student activity into North and South Campuses, respectively. It established a central pedestrian area (University Plaza), suggested moving vehicular traffic to the campus's periphery, and dispersed some new construction into all areas of a 600-acre campus.
Today, University Plaza, known as the "Brickyard" is known as a central gathering spot on campus for students.