text:
About Boys Lax
History of Lacrosse
History YAC Lax
Murphy Tournament
Fall Open Lacrosse
Matthew Kull
Granite Knolls Fields
Lax Drills
Lax Code of Honor
Good Sportsmanship
Division & Rules
Hud Valley Rules
Fields/Directions
Harrison Apar
YAC Home
HISTORY OF YAC BOYS LACROSSE
The Yorktown High School Lacrosse Program is one of the oldest and most successful programs in the Country, having produced as many High School and Division I Collegiate All America, and Major League Lacrosse players as any other program. The tremendous tradition and pride of the Yorktown Lacrosse Program goes back to its start with the program's beloved benefactor, the late Charlie Murphy. The lacrosse culture, developed through Mr. Murph, offers unique experiences and relationships to the members of the Yorktown Lacrosse community. The YAC Youth Lacrosse Program serves as an entry to this unique culture and community, and has a responsibility to help preserve the tradition and pride established through Mr. Murph and the rest of the Yorktown Lacrosse community.
This incredible success of the Yorktown Lacrosse Program creates high expectations in parents and players, starting at the youth level and increasing as players move up through the program. All too often parents and players look to YAC to mold players into All America caliber, rather than enjoying the experience. The YAC Lacrosse Program, however, cannot be expected, and should not be used by its coaches, to create All America players. Such high status comes only through a players' physical gifts, and own love of the game that creates a desire to play and learn beyond YAC Lacrosse. It is impossible to predict high school and collegiate success at the youth level, as so many unpredictable factors such as physical maturation, skill development, and interest determine such success. The YAC Lacrosse Program therefore feels that all players should get significant playing time at all levels of its youth lacrosse program. The program is not designed to focus on select players, or give an inordinate amount of playing time to any player, including children of coaches.
The goal of the YAC Lacrosse Program is to teach its players basic lacrosse skills while allowing them all to have fun and gain a love for the game, so they want to play lacrosse on their own and come back to play next year.
All grade levels from 3 through 8 will field equally balanced teams. In addition to these balanced teams, the 5/6 and 7/8 will have a travel level (Husker) team for those players looking for a more competitive level. Further explanation of each level of YAC Lacrosse Program, including tournament play, is provided on the YAC Lacrosse website under www.yacsports.org and then click on the Boys Lacrosse link.
YAC Lacrosse also recognizes that a youth lacrosse players' skill level and commitment can change dramatically from 5th grade through high school - proficiency in elementary or middle school does not guarantee success in the future, and skills can improve dramatically over such period. Accordingly, all players at each level will be allowed to play different positions, even if this decreases team competitiveness. The focus on all levels of YAC Lacrosse is on teaching and fun, not wins and losses
To help maintain this focus throughout the YAC Lacrosse Program, the YAC believes that it is important to implement a Code of Conduct for its youth lacrosse players, coaches and players' parents, to encourage and foster appropriate behavior and values, and maintain the tradition, pride and culture begun by Charlie Murphy and fostered by the rest of the Yorktown Lacrosse family. While the attached Code of Conduct is designed to help accomplish this, it is up to each player, coach and parent to do their best to help make the childrens' youth lacrosse experience fun and instill in them the values to preserve the pride, tradition and success of the Yorktown Lacrosse Program.
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text:
E-book: 836 pages
Published: Third Edition (2005)
Buy on Amazon (Hardcopy)
There are a great many named theoretical distributions but a large proportion of them have no known justification for their existence. There are two main reasons for this. First, it is very easy to create a "new" theoretical distribution or family of distributions. For many years any such "creation" was sufficient to achieve an academic publication. Second, no one ever, to our knowledge, acted upon the most elementary principles that might afford some justification for a proposed suggestion: namely, does the new distribution provide a good fit to some observed data that cannot be fitted by the standard, better known distributions? The result is that periodicals are full of suggested theoretical distributions that in many cases are of breathtaking worthlessness. This set of two books attempts to remedy this situation:
1. A very large number of theoretical distributions is repeatedly fitted to some 200 observed distributions.
2. I do not hesitate to conclude that a distribution is without value in fitting. Examples are McKay's Bessel function distributions, Fisher's quartic exponential distribution, most of Johnson's system, a distribution due to Ramberg et al.
3. I emphasize some theoretical distributions of major usefulness in fitting which do not seem to be so well known among practitioners. Examples are the immensely powerful Kapteyn system, the Burr distribution, the Evered distribution, and the Craig system.
4. My goal throughout is to enable any practitioner to be able to recognize the most likely possibilities as theoretical distributions for his or her observed dist and to eliminate the unlikely ones without waste of time.
There are 197 real-world observed distributions that are used as examples of fitting in these two volumes. Many of them are analyzed several times, using different theoretical distributions. A mere listing of all of the 197 examples would serve no major useful purpose but the complete listing is given in vol. 2, Index #1, on pp. 783 - 787. Here is an example of this index:
absences of male employees
acceptors for TB control
accidents of London bus drivers
accidents to female workers
age at death, Quaker women
ages of Peruvian women, birth of first child
ages of women married in Copenhagen
Ameria maritima, Thomas
artillery shots at target
ash content, peat samples
authors of chemical papers
barometric heights
batting averages, best
blossom midge
bold-face listings, telephone directory
Bose's data
boys in families with three children
breaking strength of cotton
bush clover data, Beall & Rescia
Some theoretical distributions - particularly mixed and generalized distributions - have no corresponding real-world examples. For these distributions, therefore, it was necessary to construct examples. Constructed examples were also used to illustrate heterogeneity and to show some characteristics of Pearson Types VI and XI. All 39 such made-up examples are listed in vol. 2, Index #2, p. 788.
There are 69 theoretical distributions for which at least one fit is given in these two volumes. (This includes dissection, which is not a distribution but which is a method of accomplishing fits.) For these 69 distributions there are 632 fits. All of the information about these fits is given in vol. 2, Index #3, pp. 789 - 796. Here it is of obvious interest to ask which theoretical distributions had the largest numbers of fits. For the tail of the distribution with >= 10 fits we find:
exponential, Kapteyn, log series 10
Johnson's SB 11
Waring 12
Yule 13
Tripathi & Gurland, Type IV 14
dissection 16
Burr 19
Evered 23
gamma (Type III) 30
Beta (Type I) 35
Normal 37
Lognormal 38
Carver 53
Katz 62
Finally, it may be noted that the Pearson family produced 120 fits.
Quotes from the Books
The combination of reward - publication - for creating a new theoretical distribution plus no standards whatsoever of relevance produced the present glut of named but forgettable theoretical distributions. For many years any such 'creation' was sufficient to achieve an academic publication so periodicals are full of suggested theoretical distributions that are in many cases of breathtaking worthlessness. We say it is easy to 'create' such a new distribution or family. (p.558)
The important question from the point of view of this book - the only question - is whether the new distribution is needed, or is helpful, or is useful for the statistician." (p.559)
1. Section 121 of the book is on McKay's Bessel Function distributions. This Section ends with the sentence: "Therefore, we are quite confident that no one is likely to find a need for the Bessel function distribution that cannot be better met by a different theoretical distribution."
2. Discussing a theoretical distribution proposed by Ramberg et al in Technometrics, vol. 20; p. 591: "So what did the authors accomplish by showing that their proposed new distribution fits the data on the coefficients of friction? In our opinion, nothing whatsoever." "The distribution is totally outside the mainstream of useful theoretical distributions. The fact that the distribution fits some observed data means essentially nothing."
3. On Fisher's fourth-degree exponential distribution: "Seeing how different this distribution is from all the others we have dealt with perhaps makes it clearer why, on the one hand, it is strongly bimodal, and why, on the other hand, it is of little use." (p. 630)
4. "In fact, the proponents of this distribution emphasize the bimodality as the major advantage of the curve. But, as we have made clear previously, we totally and completely reject this point of view. Bimodality signifies just one thing: heterogeneity. The researcher who prepared the distribution has included different things in one distribution. In making a frequency distribution, say, of the number of seeds in fruits he has included apples, oranges, and pomegranates in one distribution and then marvels at the bi- or tri-modality. We cannot over- emphasize this point. Bimodality invariably and always means that there are two or more populations in one distribution. We leave open the distant possibility that somewhere in this fascinatingly diverse universe there is a genuinely bimodal distribution that is not the result of heterogeneity. However, this distribution, if it exists, has certainly not been presented in any publication known to us." (p. 644)
5. Section 126 discusses some data given by Matz to which he fits the quartic exponential distribution. "This is as unprepossessing a distribution as one is likely ever to see. It appears to have four modes and the long sequences of flat frequencies suggest additional heterogeneity." "Data such as these should be left in total obscurity until the researcher succeeds in defining a single population." "It is not worth wasting further time and space on these wretched data. As the physician Pauli once said about an article, 'It is not even wrong.
Coverage of the book, theoretical distributions and fits:
1. The summary statement is made in the Preface that this book covers 69 theoretical distributions, which the book illustrates by means of 632 fits to almost 200 observed real-world frequency distributions.
2. The theoretical distributions are quite thoroughly described and even specialists will find many with which they will be unfamiliar. Consider first, discrete distributions. There are ten theoretical distributions with first-order difference equations with linear coefficients. These are all discussed and illustrated with examples of their application: including the geometric, Poisson, log series, Yule, Waring, the Bardwell & Crow family, the Katz family, the Evered family, and the Tripathi & Gurland family. If you count you will find only nine. This is because there is an additional, minor, distribution that is unnamed but is covered and illustrated. I note that the Evered family was so named by T. J. Olney, then a PhD candidate and now an Associate Professor. He named it after my wife, Lisa J. Evered. It turns out that it is one of the most useful of these ten distributions with no less than 23 fits given in this book. (There are 62 fits of the Katz family, 10 of the log series, 12 of the Waring and 13 of the Yule.)
3. J. K. Ord wrote a difference equation that started at r = 0. This represents a whole family of discrete distributions which includes the hypergeometric distribution, the beta-binomial distribution, and the beta- Pascal distribution. There are 67 fits of the Ord family in this book.
4. H. C. Carver wrote a difference equation model intended to be completely analogous to Pearson's differential equation for theoretical continuous distributions. His goal was to be able to use discrete methods in calculating difficult continuous models but his model is of great importance in fitting discrete observed distributions as well. There are 53 fits of the Carver model in this book.
5. We give detailed discussions and fits for 12 generalized distributions, including Polya-Aeppli,Thomas, and Neyman Type A. In addition, we give a similar presentation for three mixed distributions, including Sichel's, Fisher's mixed Poisson, and the discrete lognormal distribution (the Poisson distribution mixed by the lognormal distribution).
6. Vol. 2 deals with continuous distributions. Chapter 8 covers theoretical lifetime distributions: exponential, Weibull, gamma, and Raleigh distributions. It also considers the problem of censored data and the use of hazard rates in identifying theoretical distributions. There are 10 fits of the exponential, 7 fits of the Weibull, and 30 fits of the gamma distribution (Pearson Type III).
7. Chapter 9 considers theoretical distributions of income and wealth. The Pareto distribution has pride of place here, mostly the first kind of Pareto distribution. In addition, the gamma distribution is often used here, sometimes called Amoroso's distribution. The lognormal distribution is also considered. We consider Champernowne's distribution and the special case called the sech2 distribution which is also a special case of the Burr distribution and is closely related to the logistic distribution. Here we use the U.S. income distribution of 1918, the distribution of incomes in Bohemia in 1933, and five different samples given by Kloek and Van Dijk (Netherlands), and the distribution of incomes for Norwegian townsmen in 1930.
8. Chapter 10 considers the central limit theorem and the normal distribution (with 37 fits). It then deals with the lognormal distribution (with 38 fits). Then there is a careful presentation of the immensely powerful system proposed by Kapteyn, an astronomer by profession. However, his comments were far more to the point than are many of the comments of professional statisticians. Thus, he proposed his system because he maintained that Pearson's system was only descriptive and he demanded explanations. He also gives one of the earliest correct remarks about multimodality, namely that it means that two or more different kinds of individuals are being included in one distribution. (We give 10 fits of the Kapteyn transformations.) Finally, in this Chapter we also present the Johnson system. It is my opinion that the Johnson system is not particularly useful except that the lognormal distribution is a member of his system. (We have 11 fits of Johnson's SB and 9 fits of his SU.)
9. Chapter 11 is devoted to the Pearson system. Each of the 12 types is discussed (not including the normal distribution, which would make 13 types). It is sufficient here to note that there are 120 fits of the Pearson theoretical distributions in this book.
10. Chapter 12 is entitled "A Miscellany of Models" and presents the powerful Burr family, McKay's Bessel function distribution, various elaborations of Pearson's basic differential equation, some Carver analogues, some error distributions (normal, Laplace's first law of error, Subottine's distribution, and Sales Valle's distribution), the quartic exponential distribution, and generalized Rayleigh distributions. We note that there are 19 fits of the Burr distribution.
11. It is important to emphasize that both in vol. 1 and vol. 2 we have given examples of the use of dissection to explain multimodality. There are 16 fits shown that are achieved by dissecting the observed distribution into two or more theoretical distributions. Section 142, the last Section of this book, is a particularly outstanding example, giving the dissection of three different distributions of human mortality. We also will note that Section 141 uses dissection into two theoretical distributions to explain the U.S. income distribution of 1972 and I have not seen such a neat explanation previously.
"David Miller has drawn from his considerable practical experience to give us a most helpful tool for understanding what frequency distributions are about. The book provides valuable insights into a large number of frequency distributions. As a scientist I found the book to be both exciting and helpful. There is some math and numerous examples which supplement the detailed verbal descriptions, but the math presented is generally enlightening rather than tedious. I found that this book provided me with what I consider to be useful understanding in a short period of time.The book is in 2 thick volumes and it is a bargain." -E. W. Johnson, Urbana, IL

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Let Carlsbad General Insurance help you choose a policy that will fit your individual needs. Protecting your assets, whether personal, business, or both, is our goal. A well-chosen policy can lessen the impact of some of life's most common, yet unforeseen perils. We're here to help when you are considering mobile home coverage.


Searching for a unique way to show your mom how much you love her? Try these fun ideas!
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Books and clothing to snag this season.


Inspired by Tucson's Nur Market on Speedway Boulevard, and by his doctoral coursework and his immigrant experience, UA second language acquisition and teaching student Christian Ruvalcaba launched the Language Capital Project and corresponding website to map where native speakers of non-national languages come together.
"Many young people who arrive in the U.S. try to fit in by talking only in English, due to some of the pressures to assimilate and the stigma around speaking a foreign language," Ruvalcaba said. "We hope that language diversity projects like this can help the Tucson community see the value in promoting and welcoming the linguistic wealth around us."
The project aims to help non-national language speakers locate where fellow speakers gather, while serving a resource for new residents to connect with established immigrants and refugees, encouraging the unity and growth of Tucson's minority language communities.
Ruvalcaba, with life and project partner Michelle Aguilera, found that Tucson boasts more than 300 locations of non-English speaking populations with 71 distinct regional language varieties — with the most common being variations of Chinese, Spanish and Arabic.
"We have been finding that people are often surprised to see there is so much linguistic diversity in Tucson. We hope that another result of mapping out these types of locations can show that multilingualism and multiculturalism is actually the norm throughout the world, even if we sometimes cannot see it or hear it around us," Ruvalcaba said.
Aguilera, a doctoral student in the Department of Teaching, Learning and Sociocultural Studies, said they view the project through a social justice lens to ensure that the work they do is rooted in collaboration with members of the community.
The locations vary as much as the languages do, but the majority of the locales are restaurants, grocery stores and doctors' offices.
Since its inception in 2015, the Language Capital Project has received a 2016-2017 Confluencenter for Creative Inquiry Graduate Fellowship, a GPSC Student Showcase community award and several travel awards to present this work to other universities.
"The work by Christian and Michelle reflects the strong relationship between people and place that has characterized the intellectual endeavors of most of Confluencenter's projects," said Confluencenter director Javier Duran. "By linking our diverse demographics to the ways in which folks use language in a variety of ways, the project creates a fascinating mapping of how Tucson operates as a complex, sociocultural community. The project captures the commitment of our center to vigorously engage research ideas with community realities."
David Malinowski, the language technology and research specialist at The Yale Center for Language Study, to start "Languages of New Haven"
Shinji Sato, the director of the Japanese Program in Princeton University's East Asian studies department, to launch "プリンストンの日本"
Hiram Maxim, a professor in Emory University's German studies department, to hold a workshop that later developed into "Mapping Atlanta's Linguistic Landscape"
"Initially, it was just a fun side-project, but we really had no idea if there was a lot of interest in it beyond our friends and other students," Ruvalcaba shared, saying that faculty supporters encouraged him to seek funding. Then, Heidi Harley, a professor in the UA Department of Linguistics, encouraged him to apply for a Confluencenter Graduate Fellowship.
"The fellowship opened a lot of doors for us. It allowed us to finance multilingual outreach materials for collaborators on and off campus, and hire an expert to develop the map application," Ruvalcaba said. "In addition to the funding, though, the fellowship in many ways legitimized the project as something useful and meaningful, and gave us a supportive relationship with Confluencenter staff and other fellows."
Reflecting on what motivated the project, Ruvalcaba said: "A lot of the inspiration was connected to needing a break from studying formal syntax."
The non-national languages spoken at Tucson's Nur Market, 3565 E. Speedway Blvd., made Ruvalcaba think that it would be interesting to see how many other languages he could find in these types of Tucson shops. Learning about sociolinguistics, second language acquisition research and the use of technology in language teaching also served as a source of knowledge and inspiration for the project, Ruvalcaba said.
The other source of inspiration was his own experience immigrating to the U.S. at the age of 6 with his family.
"When you arrive in a new country, it is really difficult to find information that seem obvious to others, like how and where to find a job, a good school or stores that have familiar foods. Some forms of information that help you survive, stay out of trouble and re-adjust to a new surrounding is communicated by word of mouth," Ruvalcaba explained.
"My parents got advice and information at church because the Spanish mass brought many of the scattered Spanish speakers in town together in one building. Even now, when I am in an unfamiliar city, I seek out Spanish speakers, or people from Mexico," he said. "Around them, I can find an island of familiarity and also information about other people of a similar background in a new place. In that way, language becomes a sort of key to these supportive networks."


text:
Kaiser Permanente Goes LEED-Gold
One of benefits of LEED certification for buildings is that over the years, the US Green Building Council has developed custom standards that apply to specific industries, such as LEED for Health Care.
Health care group Kaiser Permanente announced that all new major construction projects will be built to LEED-Gold standards – hospitals and large medical offices, for example.
That's significant because they plan to spend $30 billion over the next 10 years on new construction – 14 million square feet in over 100 buildings.
Kaiser has over 8.6 million members in nine states and the District of Columbia.
Opening in August, the Kaiser Permanente Westside Medical Center in Hillsboro, Oregon will be the first to be certified LEED-Gold. The 126-bed hospital is Kaiser's 38th hospital.
Its Napa California data center received "LEED-Platinum for Existing Buildings and two medical centers in Georgia are expected to earn LEED-Silver.
"The LEED certification system's rigorous strategies for such features as pedestrian friendliness, sustainable site development, water and energy use, indoor environmental quality and
chemical avoidance have made it one of the most influential forces in building design in the world," says Kaiser.
Kaiser has been recognized as a leader on using green materials in the health care industry for years. In 2004, it banned the use of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) in carpets and flooring, even working with manufacturers to develop PVC-free building products. It's been leading on reducing toxic chemicals and on using electronic medical records, which also has positive environmental benefits.
Kaiser also has 15 megawatts of solar on 11 hospitals and other buildings in California and has a target of cutting greenhouse gas emissions 30% by 2020, from a 2008 baseline. Kaiser purchases the solar from Recurrent Energy which owns and operates the installations.
LEED actually adds little to the cost of construction these days, especially when it is included from the beginning as an integral part of the design process, says Kaiser. It cost less than an additional 1% to build Westside Medical Center to LEED-Gold standards. And the small upfront cost will pay back five-fold in operational savings over the medical center's lifetime, they say.
Although its goal is LEED-Gold, Kaiser has been using green building practices since 2007 based on the Green Guide for
Healthcare, on which LEED for Healthcare is based.
For its continued excellence in environmental
stewardship, Kaiser Permanente earned a record 29 environmental excellence
awards this year from Practice Greenhealth, a national membership organization
for hospitals and health systems committed to environmentally responsible
operations and care.
Hospitals have huge energy costs because they operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. They use twice the energy of a typical building, costing the sector $10 billion a year on energy, or 1-3% of a typical hospital's operating budget.
The healthcare industry is responsible for 8% of US greenhouse gas emissions and is second only to the food industry in the waste it generates. producing 6,600 tons of waste a day, including large amounts of toxic chemicals.
Read, Greening Hospitals Would Cut Health Care Costs.
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On Wednesday, February, Plum Cove School had the pleasure of a visit from New England Patriot's Defensive Linebacker, Rob Ninkovich. A very interesting questions and answers assembly was enjoyed by all. Thank you Mr. Marshall for making this happen.


text:
William Birmingham Costello (1800–1867) was an Irish surgeon, alienist and medical author.

Life
Costello was born near Dublin, and was educated there. He then spent the 1820s in Paris, a student of surgery under Jean Civiale, Guillaume Dupuytren and Charles Louis Stanislas Heurteloup.

In 1829 Costello set up himself in London as a surgeon, specialising in the stone and lithotrity. He wrote journal articles, and lectured in the transient Brewer Street medical school, with John Epps and Michael Ryan. Subsequently, he became medical superintendent of Wyke House Asylum, near Isleworth.

In later life Costello lived in Paris, working mostly as a writer. He died there on 15 August 1867.

Works
Costello edited the Cyclopædia of Practical Surgery, including a copious bibliography; of which 12 parts were published in London, 1841–3. Contributors included Walter Hayle Walshe, and John Gay who wrote on "cleft palate". In his Paris years, Costello was able to complete the work in four volumes (1861), using his own English translations of articles by French surgeons.

Costello wrote also An Address to the Visiting Justices of the Hanwell Lunatic Asylum (1839), and A Letter to Lord Ashley on the Reform of Private Lunatic Asylums (1845).

Notes

Attribution

1800 births
1867 deaths
Irish surgeons
Irish psychiatrists
Irish medical writers
Medical doctors from Dublin (city)
Irish expatriates in France

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New housing for health workers, teachers and other public servants is among the priorities for Sempra Homes. As part of the delivery programme Sempra Homes will give priority to Key Workers within the Basildon Borough that wish to purchase one of Sempra's new shared ownership homes. Key Workers are those who work within Basildon's hospital, fire services, ambulance services, police, college and any of the schools within the Borough.
Maplewood Court, Basildon: Twenty, two-bedroom apartments which are due to be completed in June. This development is in a perfect location situated on the Roundacre roundabout which is in close proximity of Basildon Town Centre and Basildon Hospital.
Roman Way, Billericay: This development will provide fifteen new homes, six of which will be two-bedroom houses available for shared ownership and are due for handover in October. The homes are located outside The Billericay School and are only 10 minute walk from Billericay Town Centre.
Pound Lane Central, Laindon: This development, which will provide a total of nine new homes, will consist of two, two-bedroom houses, five, two-bedroom apartments and two, one-bedroom apartments.
Rayside, Basildon: Will consist of 3 two-bedroom houses.
Glenmere, Vange: Four, two-bedroom houses and one, three-bedroom house will be provided.
Applicants will need to satisfy the Government's Help to Buy criteria for shared ownership. To identify that you meet the eligibility criteria and to register with the Help to Buy visit: https://www.helptobuyese.org.uk/help-to-buy/shared-ownership.


text:
Tag: parkes radio astronomy
Posted on February 27, 2013 December 23, 2015
Pulsar Jackpot Scours Old Data for New Discoveries
Chalk another one up for Citizen Science. Earlier this month, researchers announced the discovery of 24 new pulsars. To date, thousands of pulsars have been discovered, but what's truly fascinating about this month's discovery is that came from culling through old data using a new method.
A pulsar is a dense, highly magnetized, swiftly rotating remnant of a supernova explosion. Pulsars where first discovered by Jocelyn Bell Burnell and Antony Hewish in 1967. The discovery of a precisely timed radio beacon initially suggested to some that they were the product of an artificial intelligence. In fact, for a very brief time, pulsars were known as LGM's, for "Little Green Men." Today, we know that pulsars are the product of the natural death of massive stars.
The data set used for the discovery comes from the Parkes 64-metre radio observatory based out of New South Wales, Australia. The installation was the first to receive telemetry from the Apollo 11 astronauts on the Moon and was made famous in the movie The Dish. The Parkes Multi-Beam Pulsar Survey (PMPS) was conducted in the late 1990's, making thousands of 35-minute recordings across the plane of the Milky Way galaxy. This survey turned up over 800 pulsars and generated 4 terabytes of data. (Just think of how large 4 terabytes was in the 90's!)
Artist's conception of a pulsar. (Credit: NASA/GSFC).
The nature of these discoveries presented theoretical astrophysicists with a dilemma. Namely, the number of short period and binary pulsars was lower than expected. Clearly, there were more pulsars in the data waiting to be found.
Enter Citizen Science. Using a program known as [email protected], researchers were able to sift though the recordings using innovative modeling techniques to tease out 24 new pulsars from the data.
"The method… is only possible with the computing resources provided by [email protected]" Benjamin Knispel of the Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics told the MIT Technology Review in a recent interview. The study utilized over 17,000 CPU core years to complete.
[email protected] screenshot. (Credit: LIGO Consortium).
[email protected]e is a program uniquely adapted to accomplish this feat. Begun in 2005, [email protected] is a distributed computing project which utilizes computing power while machines are idling to search through downloaded data packets. Similar to the original distributed computing program [email protected] which searches for extraterrestrial signals, [email protected] culls through data from the LIGO (Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory) looking for gravity waves. In 2009, the [email protected] survey was expanded to include radio astronomy data from the Arecibo radio telescope and later the Parkes observatory.
Among the discoveries were some rare finds. For example, PSR J1748-3009 Has the highest known dispersion measure of any millisecond pulsar (The dispersion measure is the density of free electrons observed moving towards the viewer). Another find, J1750-2531 is thought to belong to a class of intermediate-mass binary pulsars. 6 of the 24 pulsars discovered were part of binary systems.
These discoveries also have implications for the ongoing hunt for gravity waves by such projects as LIGO. Specifically, a through census of binary pulsars in the galaxy will give scientists a model for the predicted rate of binary pulsar mergers. Unlike radio surveys, LIGO seeks to detect these events via the copious amount of gravity waves such mergers should generate. Begun in 2002, LIGO consists of two gravity wave observatories, one in Hanford Washington and one in Livingston Louisiana just outside of Baton Rouge. Each LIGO detector consists of two 2 kilometre Fabry-Pérot arms in an "L" configuration which allow for ultra-precise measurements of a 200 watt laser beam shot through them. Two detectors are required to pin-point the direction of an incoming gravity wave on the celestial sphere. You can see the orientation of the "L's" on the display on the [email protected] screensaver. Two geographically separate detectors are also required to rule out local interference. A gravity wave from a galactic source would ripple straight through the Earth.
Arial view of LIGO Livingston. (Image credit: The LIGO Scientific Collaboration).
Such a movement would be tiny, on the order of 1/1,000th the diameter of a proton, unnoticed by all except the LIGO detectors. To date, LIGO has yet to detect gravity waves, although there have been some false alarms. Scientists regularly interject test signals into the data to see if system catches them. The lack of detection of gravity waves by LIGO has put some constraints on certain events. For example, LIGO reported a non-detection of gravity waves during the February 2007 short gamma-ray burst event GRB 070201. The event arrived from the direction of the Andromeda Galaxy, and thus was thought to have been relatively nearby in the universe. Such bursts are thought to be caused by neutron star and/or black holes mergers. The lack of detection by LIGO suggests a more distant event. LIGO should be able to detect a gravitational wave event out to 70 million light years, and Advanced LIGO (AdLIGO) is set to go online in 2014 and will increase its sensitivity tenfold.
The control room at LIGO Livingston. (Photo by Author).
Knowledge of where these potential pulsar mergers are by such discoveries as the Parkes radio survey will also give LIGO researchers clues of targets to focus on. "The search for pulsars isn't easy, especially for these "quiet" ones that aren't doing the equivalent of "screaming" for our attention," Says LIGO Livingston Data Analysis and EPO Scientist Amber Stuver. The LIGO consortium developed the data analysis technique used by [email protected] The direct detection of gravitational waves by LIGO or AdLIGO would be an announcement perhaps on par with CERN's discovery of the Higgs Boson last year. This would also open up a whole new field of gravitational wave astronomy and perhaps give new stimulus to the European Space Agencies' proposed Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) space-based gravity wave detector. Congrats to the team at Parkes on their discovery… perhaps we'll have the first gravity wave detection announcement out of LIGO as well in years to come!
-Read the original paper on the discovery of 24 new pulsars here.
-Amber Stuver blogs about [email protected] & the spin-off applications of gravity wave technology at Living LIGO.
-Parkes radio telescope image is copyrighted and used with the permission of CSIRO Operations Scientist John Sarkissian.
-For a fascinating read on the hunt for gravity waves, check out Gravity's Ghost.


The 4' project's inspiration can be traced back through a series of pre-Raphaelite paintings that were inspired by Tennyson's poem titled "The Lady of Shallot". The painting's conceptual basis is rooted in feelings of languor and the idea of the artist as a detached observer of the outside world.
The ideas of languor, artistic reflection, and contemplation behind "The Lady of Shallot" reflect the conceptual program of the space desired by the clients (both musicians and songwriters) where the programmatic elements incorporated into the 4' balcony include a sauna and a raised window room for contemplation and reflection. The window to the window room is a one-way mirror allowing the artist inside to look out, while making it impossible for anyone to look in, paralleling the ideas manifested in the Tennyson poem.


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Laura Foster
From Charing Cross to Hanover Square
MAY 17,2013 - MAY 17,2013 (1 DAYS)
From Charing Cross to Hanover Square - shopping, luxury and iconic squares:
Start: Charing Cross National Rail Station (Villers Street).
End: Oxford Circus or Bond Street tube stations.
Weather: Perfect itinerary for a rainy day.
Duration: 4-6 hours. Much depends on your shopping habits.
From Charing Cross Tube Station - take the Strand and turn right on the second turn to the right. We start with the Charing Cross Hotel. A great start location as Leicester Square, Regent Street, Covent Garden - are all walking distance:
Walk back on Villiers St toward Strand. Turn right onto the Strand and you'll see the Savoy Hotel on your right. Two luxurious hotels. See pictures of the Savoy in my blog on the Embankment and the "Let It Be" show in Savoy Theatre:
Head southwest on Strand toward Savoy Ct. Turn right onto Bedford St. Continue onto Garrick St. Garrick St turns slightly left and becomes Cranbourn St. Continue to follow Cranbourn St and after 150 m. you arrive to Leicester Square. The heart of London with no cars or buses to distract. Keep your valuables close to you around here. Since November 18 2012 a new bronze sculpture has occupied a spot at the end of Cranbourn St in London's West End – a monument to Agatha Christie. It stands at 2.5 metres high and has the sideways profile of a book, with a cut-out oval section at the centre which features a bust of Christie in profile:
Leicester Square is London's home of entertainment. At night the street performers come out to entertain. One of the signs marking the Square bears the legend "Theatreland". It is claimed that the Square contains the cinema with the largest screen and the cinema with the most seats (over 1,600). The Square is also the home for TKTS, the past Official London Half-Price Theatre Ticket Booth. Tickets for theatre performances taking place around the West End are sold from the booth for about half the usual price. The popularity of the booth has given rise to many other fraudulent booths around the Square that advertise half-price tickets for West End shows. Despite having names like 'Official Half-Price Ticket Booth', they are not official and they do not always advertise the booking fees which commonly come with purchasing tickets. The best place to get Theatre tickets from is the free standing ticket office which can offer some heavily discounted tickets to the shows.
The Square is home to several major cinemas (Odeon Leicester Square (the only working cinema in London with its organ), Odeon Mezzanine,
Odeon West End, Vue, Odeon Panton Street, Prince Charles Cinema,
Cineworld, Empire) and nightclubs (Hippodrome):
The square is the most iconic London's West End spot for shopping (the biggest candy store in the world: M&M store), culture and entertainment like nowhere else. Film premieres are held here:
Relax in luxury at a lobby of one of Leicester Square's hotels which include the: Radisson Blu, Edwardian Hampshire or the Premier Inn. The Leicester Square lies within an area bound by Lisle Street, to the north; Whitcomb Street, to the west; Charing Cross Road, to the east; Orange Street, to the south. In the middle of the Square is a small park, in the centre of which is a 19th-century statue of William Shakespeare surrounded by dolphins:
The four corner gates of the park had one bust each, depicting Sir Isaac Newton, the scientist; Sir Joshua Reynolds, the first President of the Royal Academy; John Hunter, a pioneer of surgery; and William Hogarth, the painter. Do not look for the statue of film star and director Charlie Chaplin. It Has been removed before the 2012 Olympics. The Leicester Square Park at the centre of the Square is bound by Cranbourn Street, to the north; a section of road designated simply as Leicester Square, to the west; Leicester Street, to the east; Irving Street, to the south. Since the Olympics there are now less flower beds and more grass for the public to use:
Head southwest on Leicester Square toward Leicester St. Continue onto Swiss Ct. Continue onto Coventry St. Turn left onto Piccadilly Circus. Sharp right and you face Piccadilly Circus ("British Times Square"):
This busy square is one of the major landmarks of London, full of neon lights and a lot of opportunities for people watching. It is famous for the fountain that was installed here at the end of the nineteenth century and for the neon advertising that turned the square into a miniature version of Times Square (Its far less electrically lit up as compared to its NY cousin). At the center of the Circus stands the Shaftesbury Memorial Fountain. It was built in 1893 to commemorate Lord Shaftesbury, a philanthropist known for his support of the poor. The semi-nude statue on top of the fountain depicts the Angel of Christian Charity but was later renamed Eros after the Greek god of love and beauty. The fountain was made in bronze, but the statue is made of aluminum, at the time a novel and rare material. The Circus lies at the intersection of five main roads: Regent Street, Shaftesbury Avenue, Piccadilly Street, Covent Street and Haymarket.
On the south-east direction is Regent Street. It is covered under a seperate blog. you must walk through this street ! The beautiful architecture and eye-catching window displays make every stroll down the historic street one to remember. A legendary street that offers it all; brand shopping, nice boutiques, wonderful architecture, amazing little restaurants and bars at the side streets. Many of the shops are too expensive, and yet, this is the perfect shopping experience. Stunning shops, few designer shops, the biggest toy shop in London (Hamleys). Lights and city traffic illuminate the street at night making it a picturesque London destination:
Walk in Regent Street until you come to the T junction: the Glasshouse St on your right and Vigo St on your left. Turn left onto Vigo Street and there, on the 2nd turn to the left - turn onto Old Bond Street (another way is to walk from Picadilly Cirus along the Picadilly road and turn right to the Old Bond Street. But, I prefer the picturesque Regent Sterret !). I recommend to turn left from Vigo Street to (southward) the Old Bond Street and, later, return all the Old Bond back (northward) - continuing onto the New Bond Street. Old Bond Street was built in the 1680s by Sir Thomas Bond and New Bond Street, the stretch further north, was built 40 years later. Bond Street never fails to impress, from the exclusive boutiques to the famous department stores. Bond Street competes with Knightsbridge as the ultimate luxury shopping experience in London. Things, here around, are a bit too pricey. Practically - better for for window shopping... Most shops do not have prices in the windows. Creme-de-la Creme-type brands. You can continue in the Royal Arcade and Burlington Arcade (closer to Regent Street) and other, less famous, nearby arcades.
Tip: visiting during the sales you can find a good deal.
Bronze statue of Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill sitting 'talking' together on a bench in Mayfair (exactly, where Old Bond Street meets New Bond Street). This statue by Lawrence Holofcener was unveiled in year 1995:
Louis Vuitton:
Asprey (New Bond Street):
Tiffany:
The Royal Arcade - 28 Old Bond Street: Originally called simply 'The Arcade'. The 'Royal' was added after Queen Victoria shopped in 1882 with shirtmaker Hodgson William Brettell. HW opened his shop at No12 in 1880, a year after the arcade was built to connect Brown's Hotel to Bond Street.
Rolex watches:
Sotheby - International Auction Art Sales - 34-35 New Bond Street:
Hidden above Sotheby's entrance is the oldest outdoor statue in London: the Ancient Egyptian black basalt body of the lion-goddess Sekhmet. Dates to around 1320 BC:
On number 153 (New Bond Street) (Time-Life Building) , you find various abstract figures of Henry Moore - some human, some not, arranged in a stone screen:
Do not walk until the end of New Bond Street (except of looking at Sotheby...). Turn left to the Bruton street. In the junction of these two streets watch an isolated, interesting wood house with a nice pub:
Take the Bruton street until you face the Berkeley Square. It was originally laid out in the mid 18th century by architect William Kent. The buildings around the square include several by notable architects including Robert Adam. The square features a sculptural fountain by Alexander Munro, made in 1865. A residence in Berkeley Square is highly sought after. The square, resides, actually, in Mayfair:
The Berkeley Square is surrounded by posh car showrooms and property HQs. Rools-Royce:
Bentley:
Bugati:
Return back to Bruton street. Continue onto Conduit St. Turn left onto St. George St. Slight right to stay on St. George St. Turn right onto Hanover St and then Hanover Square. We are in mayfair. The streets which converge at Hanover Square are: Brook Street, Dering Street, Hanover Street, Harewood Place and Princes Street:
St. George Church in Hanover Square:
Head northwest. Turn right onto Princes St. Turn left onto Regent St. Turn right onto Oxford St. and Oxford Circus tube station will be on the right. Bond Street tube station is 7 minutes, 500 m. further to the west on Oxford Street.
- DAYS
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text:
Пра́вила Ча́ргаффа — система встановлених правил, що описують кількісні співвідношення між різними типами азотистих основ у ДНК. Правила були сформульовані в результаті роботи групи біохіміка Ервіна Чаргаффа в 1949—1951 роках.

До робіт групи Чаргаффа панувала так звана «тетрануклеотидна» теорія, згідно з якою вважалося, що ДНК складається з повторюваних блоків по чотири різних азотистих основи (аденін, тимін, гуанін і цитозин) в кожному. Чаргаффу зі співробітниками вдалося розділити нуклеотиди ДНК за допомогою паперової хроматографії і визначити точні кількісні співвідношення нуклеотидів різних типів. Вони значно відрізнялися від еквімолярних, яких можна було б очікувати, якби всі чотири типи були представлені в рівних пропорціях. Співвідношення, виявлені Чаргаффом (описано в першому постулаті) для аденіну (А), тиміну (Т), гуаніну (Г) і цитозину (Ц), виявилися такими:

 Вміст аденіну рівний вмісту тиміну, а вміст гуаніну — кількості цитозину: А=Т, Г=Ц.
 Кількість пуринів дорівнює кількості піримідинів: А+Г=Т+Ц.
 Кількість основ з 6 аміногруп дорівнює кількості основ з 6 кетогруп: А+Ц=Г+Т (Це правило слідує з першого). Разом з тим, співвідношення частки Г+Ц (вміст ГЦ) може бути різним у ДНК різних видів. У одних переважають пари АТ, в інших — ГЦ.

Правила Чаргаффа разом із даними рентгеноструктурного аналізу, зіграли вирішальну роль в розшифровці структури ДНК Джеймсом Вотсоном і Френсісом Кріком.

Література

 Ванюшин Б. Ф. Глава 23. Молекулярная биология // История биологии с начала XX века до наших дней. М.: Наука. 1975. с. 454
 Chargaff, E., R. Lipshitz, C. Green and M. E. Hodes The composition of the deoxyribonucleic acid of salmon sperm Journal of Biological Chemistry (1951) Vol. 192. p. 223—230.

ДНК


text:
#!/usr/bin/env ruby

# +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
# |  Licensed Materials - Property of IBM                                |
# |                                                                      |
# | (C) Copyright IBM Corporation 2006, 2007,2008                        |
# +----------------------------------------------------------------------+

require 'mkmf'
WIN = RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /mswin/ || RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /mingw/

# use ENV['DB2DIR'] or latest db2 you can find
# (we need to revisit default when db2 10.x comes out)
IBM_DB_INCLUDE = (ENV['IBM_DB_INCLUDE'] or
          (Dir['/opt/*/db2/*/include'].sort_by {|f| File.basename(f)}).last )
IBM_DB_LIB = (ENV['IBM_DB_LIB'] or
           (Dir['/opt/*/db2/*/lib32'].sort_by {|f| File.basename(f)}).last )

dir_config('IBM_DB',IBM_DB_INCLUDE,IBM_DB_LIB)

def crash(str)
  printf(" extconf failure: %s\n", str)
  exit 1
end

if( RUBY_VERSION =~ /1.9/)
  create_header('gil_release_version')
  create_header('unicode_support_version')
end

unless (have_library(WIN ? 'db2cli' : 'db2','SQLConnect') or find_library(WIN ? 'db2cli' : 'db2','SQLConnect', IBM_DB_LIB))
  crash(<<EOL)
Unable to locate DB2 libraries.

Follow the steps below and retry

Step 1: - Install IBM DB2 Universal Database Server/Client

step 2: - Set the environment variables IBM_DB_INCLUDE and IBM_DB_LIB as below

             (assuming bash shell)

             export IBM_DB_INCLUDE=DB2HOME/include (eg. /home/db2inst1/sqllib/include or /opt/ibm/db2/v9.5/include)
             export IBM_DB_LIB=DB2HOME/lib     (eg. /home/db2inst1/sqllib/lib or /opt/ibm/db2/V9.5/lib32)

step 3: - Retry gem install

EOL
end

alias :libpathflag0 :libpathflag
def libpathflag(libpath)
  libpathflag0 + case Config::CONFIG["arch"]
    when /solaris2/
      libpath[0..-2].map {|path| " -R#{path}"}.join
    when /linux/
      libpath[0..-2].map {|path| " -Wl,-rpath,#{path}"}.join
    else
      ""
  end
end

have_header('gil_release_version')
have_header('unicode_support_version')

create_makefile('ibm_db')

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


It's been a pretty uneventful couple of days. Yesterday morning we had wanted to take care of a couple things in town, and when we were about to go, it started to rain. We thought we'd wait till the rain stopped since we are on foot (and dinghy), but when 6pm rolled around it was still raining.
This morning the sun greeted us along with a cold breeze. It was wonderful to see blue skies, and the clouds were feathered and beautiful.
We had a some visitors around noon who showed up in kayaks, announcing 'your home teachers are here.' They are friends from church that had kayaked over from Sombrero Beach to see Tanda Malaika and visit for a few minutes. Danny broke out the guitars with them and they played some fantastic music together.
After they left we took the dinghy to the fuel dock to fill her up, and on the way passed some posts out in the water still standing from an abandoned pier, and perched on top of one of the posts was a beautiful big iguana.
After swimming over to it, he climbed on top to sun himself and looked so relaxed.
The creatures have been so much fun. They make me laugh as they come up with the funniest comments and gestures. They continue to work hard on school work and always get their chores done without needing to be asked. Last night I sat playing Skipbo with them, and found my mind wandering off to the days when they were little, and each year that followed as they progressed and grew into these incredible individuals who I am in awe of. I am so grateful to be a mother.


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It's been less than a year since Colin Trevorrow had Star Wars IX directing duties ripped out of his hands, and he's already making an attempt to tackle the final chapter in another popular trilogy. Except he's replacing adventures in space with people-eating dinosaurs.
Steven Spielberg told Entertainment Weekly that Trevorrow is returning to the director's chair for the third installment in the Jurrasic World trilogy, which he will also be writing the film's script with Pacific Rim: Uprising's Emily Carmichael. Additionally, Spielberg announced that he would serve as executive producer on the project.
Trevorrow helped reboot the franchise by serving as co-writer and director of 2015's Jurassic World, a return to the land of Jurrasic Park. Starring, Chris Pratt and Bryce Dallas Howard, the new franchise found the dinosaurs living on island Isla Nublar as amusement at the "Jurassic World" theme park. Trevorrow did not direct the upcoming Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom, but he did work on the script with Derek Connolly, so he clearly has a stronger connection to this franchise than the Force.
As for the Star Wars of it all, J.J. Abrams took over Episode IX directing duties from Trevorrow. When Trevorrow landed the directing gig in 2015 off the strength of the successful launch of the Jurassic World franchise and Lucasfilm President Kathleen Kennedy's love of his work on Safety Not Guaranteed, according to the Star Wars press release of the announcement. Due to creative differences, though, Lucasfilm parted ways with Trevorrow in September of 2017, and Abrams landed the directing gig a week later. Concidentially, Abrams directed the first film in the new Stars Wars trilogy, The Force Awakens. Since he's returning for the third, there's an interesting little parallel to the Jurassic World franchise.
While Abrams's Star Wars film will premiere in 2019, the third Jurrasic World film isn't set to be released in 2021, so the question is whether or not Trevorrow gets the job done this time. Will he stick the landing on this franchise?
The third Jurassic World film is set for a June 11, 2021 release.


Pianist Richard Goode is undoubtedly a towering figure in American classical music. The 1980 Avery Fisher Prize winner is recognized for his excellence in collaborative performances, especially chamber music. His complete recording of the Beethoven piano sonatas, made in the early 1990s, was the first such cycle by an American pianist, and is often cited by critics as the top choice.
But at 73, Goode is not overly concerned with his status. In fact, he insists that his activities and interests are the same as they always were — except, perhaps, for an increased focus on the role of teaching.
He is on the faculty of the Mannes School of Music at New York's New School.
After making a deep impression in his 2013 appearance at Macky Auditorium as soloist with the Orpheus Chamber Orchestra, Goode returns to the CU Presents Artist Series for a solo recital on Friday, Oct. 28.
The program appears to have a solid structure — piano sonatas by Mozart and Beethoven frame small sets of shorter pieces by Leoš Janácek, Brahms, and Claude Debussy — but Goode insists any thematic connections were made unconsciously.


text:
With the rise of global users, TikTok's global commercialization process is also significantly accelerating. Last year, TikTok lowered the threshold for the link in bio, which was previously the privilege of blue V certification. Since then ordinary users and even newly registered users can put a third-party link in their profiles. Also, after the internal testing of a shopping cart in the US, TikTok has completed its first live e-commerce test in Indonesia in March 2021. The number of simultaneous online live audiences exceeded 10,000 at the peak.
These changes fully show that TikTok is adding more traffic portals and commercial values to itself, and this will inevitably attract more users with spending power to enter, thereby changing the current problem of TikTok users being too young. Obviously, this is the best time to change TikTok traffic into money now. WED2C provides a simple way for TikTok creators to monetize on TikTok. These blogs will help the creators to realize it.
Will TikTok Influencer Marketing be the New Trend?
TikTok has gone viral with its storytelling style of short videos, and influencers on TikTok are more likely to acquire public influence. Under this circunstance,will TikTok become a better venue for influencer marketing?
Making Money on TikTok through Dropshipping
As the short-video landscape is exploding, TikTok has great potential in commercialization, unlike saturated traditional social platforms like Youtube, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter. Is it the best time to do dropshipping in this new venue?
Top 4 Ways to Turn TikTok Traffic into Money
TikTok has more users than LinkedIn, Twitter, Pinterest, and Snapchat, with 1.5 billion downloads and 150 million daily active users. As long as there's traffic, there's business. What're the best ways to seize the opportunity and cash out on TikTok?
TikTok Algorithm: How It Works and 7 Tips to Hack It
In less than 4 years, TikTok has rapidly developed into a viral App with nearly 800 million monthly active users in 2021. At the same time, it also occupies most of the user's attention in free time. Why does it make you waste time unknowingly?


Renting an RV is awesome.
But for the devoted camper, owning an RV usually turns out to be even better. However, that doesn't mean there aren't some surprises along the way.
Even if you've gone on several RV trips in rental vehicles, you may find yourself dealing with a few curve balls once you're in the market to purchase. Although RV travel itself is fairly simple and accessible, there's just a lot to know about these unique vacation vehicles!
Ready to buy an RV? Not so fast! Here's what you need to know before you get out your checkbook.
Many people look to RVing as a frugal form of travel. And the growing community of full-time RVers are often drawn to the lifestyle as a way to minimize their expenses and get debt-free.
You'll also need to set aside a budget for regular maintenance as well as unplanned repairs — because if you haven't already figured it out, being on the road is all about learning to expect the unexpected.
Don't get us wrong: There are plenty of ways to make RVing a super-frugal and cost-effective travel lifestyle, whether you're on the road full time or just a weekend warrior. But you should know from the get-go that it's just as easy to drain your bank account on your new travel vehicle if you're not careful!
2. In many cases, used RVs are actually better — and not just financially.
RVs are just that: recreational vehicles. And just like your regular, around-the-town vehicle, they depreciate in value.
That depreciation is especially steep if you purchase a brand-new rig. It's not uncommon for you to lose 10-20% of the purchase price just by buying a factory-fresh vehicle off the lot. And if you're on a budget, that fact can make purchasing a used RV look a lot more attractive.
But here's the secret: used campers are often a better bet, and not just financially. Given you're looking at used campers that have been well maintained, are in good repair, and free of water damage, you often get added value from the previous owner's customizations and fixes.
Think about it. A brand-new RV could roll off the factory floor with defects that the dealership wouldn't know about, having not taken it for an extensive test run. But if you buy a rig someone's already owned for a while, they've had the time and experience with it to figure out what works and what doesn't… and to fix at least a few of those problems.
3. That said… you'd better shop around.
Don't get us wrong: it's totally possible to buy a lemon, especially if you're looking exclusively at used vehicles. And when you make a private purchase, your transaction often lacks protections that may be in place on a traditional dealership floor.
That's why it's imperative to give any RV you're seriously considering a very thorough check-out before you sign even a single paper. At the very least, you'll want to look in every single nook and cranny for any signs of water damage. In fact, if you can get a trusted mechanic to come with you to vet the rig before you make your decision, that's even better.
One of the best places to look for used campers for sale: RV Trader, which has a ton of customizable filters you can use to find the rig of your dreams. You can also check your local Craigslist page, as well as dealerships in your area, which often trade used RVs alongside new ones.
4. There are many different types of RVs.
Even if you've just started your search, you've probably realized that RVs come in a variety of shapes, styles, sizes — and, consequently, prices and levels of luxury.
While we've written an extensive deep dive on the various types of RVs available and how to figure out which one's right for you, it's pretty impossible to shop for a rig until you have some idea of the basic differences — so here's a brief overview of the main categories.
These are the big, bus-shaped motorhomes you might associate with singers or movie stars — and it's true that many of the most luxurious and well-appointed rigs on the market are Class A RVs. They can reach up to 45 feet in length and often feature multiple slide outs, as well as top-end appliances, full-sized kitchens, and a variety of sleeping surfaces for up to 8 or more passengers.
However, you can also find smaller, more modest Class As that still carry the convenience of being self-propelled and well-built. Do keep in mind though that these large, heavy vehicles are pretty serious gas guzzlers; depending on your particular model, you might get as little as 6-8 miles to the gallon.
Sometimes referred to as sleeper vans or camper vans, Class B motorhomes are definitely on the small end of the RV spectrum. But what they lack in space, they often more than make up for in flexibility.
Class B motorhomes also come in a range of price points, from relatively affordable Westfalia vans or VW conversions to top-of-the-line Mercedes Sprinters decked out with the very best miniature versions of everything. You might be surprised to learn that high-end camper vans frequently fetch $100,000 or even more — so don't think that just because the RV is small, you can expect a small price tag!
Class C motorhomes offer many of the same amenities and conveniences as their Class A cousins at a (generally) smaller price point. They're built into standard truck chassis, which makes them relatively simple to operate even for those intimidated by the idea of RV driving — and their iconic over-cockpit attic space can be used for storage, sleeping, or to house a killer home entertainment system.
Class C motorhomes do tend to be a little less luxuriously decked than Class As, and are more commonly available in smaller sizes. That means you might get more like 10-14 miles per gallon in one of these guys… while still being able to provide beds for your whole family!
But one good thing about travel trailers is that they're a whole lot more affordable than their motorhome counterparts, since you're not actually purchasing an engine. So if you don't already have a tow-capable vehicle, you'll likely save enough cash on your RV purchase to be able to afford one!
Because they don't have to devote any space to a cockpit, travel trailers boast some of the largest and most well-laid-out living floor plans out there. In fact, some fifth wheel trailers with multiple slide outs may offer as much as 500 square feet of living space — that's definitely bigger than some New York City apartments! Just keep in mind that setting up camp won't be as easy as pulling over and putting the vehicle in park; whether it's carefully leveling your fifth wheel or folding out your pop-up camper, most travel trailers do require some set-up when it's time to make or break camp.
Now that we've got some of the bare bones basics out of the way, let's get down to brass tacks. What are the best — and worst — parts of RV ownership?
We'll start with the bad news first, mostly because there aren't very many. Plus, you know the drill: always take the medicine before the spoonful of sugar!
5. RVs do require regular maintenance — which can be expensive and time-consuming.
Well, an RV has all those same regular maintenance considerations… plus the extras to do with the appliances and amenities inside the coach itself. With all their seals and seams, RVs are also particularly prone to water leakage, which can spell major trouble — water damage is one of the main things that end an RV's camping career.
You'll notice a variety of other things that can go wrong with your rig, as well. From the slide outs to the engine itself, things that rattle and shake on a regular basis break down — it's just a fact of life. And if you don't do your due diligence, you might find yourself paying an arm and a leg for a not-so-reputable RV repair service.
Fortunately, setting a regular preventative maintenance schedule can help you circumvent a lot of age-related issues, and finding a trustworthy mechanic is possible. You've just got to do a little bit of research — here's how!
6. It's easy to spend a small fortune on RV accessories!
From spare RV parts to cutesy motorhome decor, you can easily eat away at your travel budget (and beyond) by purchasing small RV accessories.
Don't be fooled: Not every piece of cutesy camping gear will actually make your life easier. And if you get too much stuff, you'll quickly find your rig turning from a cozy cabin into a claustrophobic, crowded one.
There are, however, some useful accessories and items that can make your trip more convenient. Here are some of our favorite pieces of essential camping gear.
7. Storing your RV might be easier said than done.
Here's the thing: Unless you're planning on shifting into the full-time RV lifestyle, you're not going to be camping all the time. And when your rig isn't in use, it's likely going to be put into storage… which can be an expensive logistical problem to solve if you don't have room to park it at home.
Furthermore, your RV is susceptible to dirt, dust, and age-related damage while it's cooling its heels, especially if it's not kept under cover. But covered RV storage is much more expensive than a regular old parking lot, which might already cost hundreds of dollars per month.
We'll go into more specifics about RV storage a little further on in the post, but for now, check out our archive of RV storage facilities by state and city. Even if you couldn't possibly park in your own driveway, chances are there's an RV storage option convenient to your area!
So those are the cons out of the way. Onto the pros!
8. RVing will totally change your travel lifestyle — and you'll probably do more of it as a result.
New RVers aren't necessarily — or even usually — new travelers. Chances are you're attracted to this lifestyle because you're a bit of a wandering soul.
But even if you've done your research, it's hard to understand the level of comfort and flexibility offered by even a modest RV until you've experienced it.
RV travel offers all the convenience and flexibility that draws Americans to the open road along with the comfort of having your very own private bungalow along for the ride. When you travel by RV, you never have to worry about finding a hotel room — or grimacing to find it untidy or even unclean once you enter. You always know exactly when the sheets were last changed!
9. The RVing community is tight-knit and helpful.
Whether you need a quick hand to help you ease into that back-in site or you just want some extra storytellers around the campfire, you'll find that when you're RVing, the people around you are like family — an adventuresome, rugged, handy family at that!
And even before you set out on your first camping trip, you'll benefit from the strength of the RVing community. Campers have created blogs, YouTube channels, forums, tutorials, how-tos, and all sorts of other online resources to help out newbies.
10. Yes, travel can be expensive… but there are plenty of ways to save big money on the road.
As we mentioned above, RVing isn't necessarily synonymous with minimalism. You could spend as much as a million dollars on a 45-foot Prevost, and that's before you even roll it off the lot.
For instance, there are a variety of discount camping clubs that can get you exclusive perks and savings, like Passport America, which gets you 50% off your campsite accommodation fees at almost 1900 developed campgrounds across the country (and in Mexico and Canada!). You can also save cash just by customizing your vacation — by boondocking instead of relying exclusively on resorts, for instance. Not only are wilderness campsites cheaper, but they're also often a lot quieter and prettier than developed campgrounds!
Even if you're an experienced car- or tent-camper, RV camping may come with some surprises.
11. There are lots of different styles of RV camping — from luxurious resorts to out-and-out roughing it.
Depending on the resources you've relied on thus far (and your experiences with rental RV camping), you may have a very specific idea of RV travel — be that soaking up the shore power and water at a resort-style campground, like Jellystone Park, or getting yourself as far off the grid as possible.
But in fact, on of the most attractive parts of motorhome travels is how versatile and diverse they are. You can live in the lap of luxury at a fancy, exclusive RV park… or totally unplug in a remote boondocking campsite. The choice is yours — and hey, once you own your very own RV, you'll have ample opportunity to try both.
Keep in mind, however, that different types of camping can mean wildly different expenses. Amenity-filled resorts in high-demand travel destinations could charge as much as $100 per night or even more, while boondocking is usually downright free. It's definitely worth finding a balance — both to diversify your personal travel experiences and for your bank account!
But depending on where you live, it might not be as simple as parking your RV in your own driveway. Some residential areas won't allow you to keep such a large vehicle, even if you do have the space.
Fortunately, though, there are lots of RV storage solutions. Here's what you need to know before you stow.
12. If you can't keep your RV at home, you can rent space in a storage facility.
Of course, just like the rent or mortgage you pay to keep a roof over your head, housing your RV isn't free. Depending on the specific storage location and its features (i.e., indoor/outdoor, temperature controlled or not, etc), you could pay as little as $50 per month… or as much as $450.
13. It's absolutely essential that you cover your RV while it's in storage.
Unless you're keeping your RV at an indoor, temperature-controlled facility, your rig's exterior is vulnerable to damage — dust, debris, water, and ultraviolet radiation. All of these can wreak havoc on your motorhome's finish, which can hasten the arrival of every RV owner's worst nightmare: water damage.
14. And you'll need to make some other pre-storage preparations, too.
Depending on how long your RV's going to be out of commission, you could wind up walking into a rig with unpleasant odors, an insect infestation, mold, or worse — if you don't take the time to make the correct storage preparations, that is.
Fortunately, it doesn't take too much effort to get ahead of entropy. Just be sure to give your RV a thorough cleaning both inside and outside (hint: especially don't forget anything that might be languishing in your refrigerator!).
Pre-storage is also a great time to check for signs of water damage, and to give your RV's seams and seals a thorough examination. Extend their lifetime and protect your investment by giving them a nice spray of seal conditioner and protectant, especially if your RV has a slide out.
You'll also want to ensure your rig is well-ventilated, especially if you're opting for a tarp-style RV cover. Lack of air flow can cause humidity to build up inside the cabin, which can cause mold and damage sensitive mechanical equipment.
15. Psst — there's another option for when you're RV's not in use: renting it out to others!
Seriously, though: Offering your rig up for rent is a great alternative to sticking it in storage, especially if it's going to be a while before your next trip. Not only will you save the money you would have spent on the storage facility, but you'll likely even make enough profit to offset some of the other costs of the vehicle. In fact, many RVshare owners report enough rental earnings for their RVs to pay for themselves!
How can I Rent My RV for Profit?
When you list your rig with RVshare, the private RV rental transaction is safe and easy. All your financial and communicative activities take place through the platform, so you can rest assured that your information stays secure and private.
Furthermore, RVshare takes care of all the logistical footwork that can complicate private rentals. For one thing, the company covers every rental with comprehensive and liability insurance backed by A-rated firms, and they even provide 24/7 roadside assistance to your renters, completely free of charge. And you always have total control over who, how, and when your RV is rented. We know handing over those keys can be scary, so we want you to feel comfortable throughout the process!
Purchasing an RV of your own is a rewarding way to prioritize travel in your life, and we're thrilled to be here to help you learn more and make your decision.
Looking for even more RVing tips and tricks — both during the purchase process and for your first camping excursion?
Here are just a few RVshare blog posts to help you out.
New vs. Used: Which RV Should you Buy?
You Bought a Travel Trailer: Here's What you Need Next!
Happy camping — and a pre-emptive congratulations on the big purchase!


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Comcast's Netflix Punt May Assuage Time Warner Cable Merger Skeptics
Why a deal with Netflix and Comcast further underscores positive developments in the broadband industry.
NEW YORK (TheStreet) -- Netflix (NFLX) - Get Report and Comcast (CMCSA) - Get Report have been in talks for months on a direct IP interconnection deal that will increase speeds the streaming video service has on Comcast's IP network. However, it is no surprise Comcast and Netflix announced it on Sunday. The move is likely to help Comcast in its controversial efforts to buy cable industry competitor Time Warner Cable (TWC) for $45 billion in stock.
Comcast said on Sunday its interconnection agreement will provide Comcast's U.S. broadband customers with a high-quality Netflix video for years to come. "Working collaboratively over many months, the companies have established a more direct connection between Netflix and Comcast, similar to other networks, that's already delivering an even better user experience to consumers, while also allowing for future growth in Netflix traffic," the cable giant said, while noting that Netflix will receive no preferential network treatment under the agreement.
The agreement amounts to a multi-year punt by Netflix and Comcast on a controversial network-access issue that's hung over the broadband industry for years. A punt, instead of a stand-off between Netflix and Comcast is a win for consumers and pushes a confrontation between streaming content providers and ISPs years down the line.
Read: Death of Net Neutrality in Netflix-Comcast Deal is Exaggerated
Sunday's move effectively ends speculation that Netflix service on Comcast would deteriorate as both companies stood their ground on broadband network access. When subscribers stream Netflix video there is an interchange between Netflix a subscriber's internet service provider. Whether Netflix should or shouldn't pay for that interchange has been an issue hanging over the broadband industry for a long time.
It also impacts so-called "peering" where there is a two-way connection between broadband networks. Netflix, through its Open Connect program and relationships with third parties, however, has generally accounted for about 30% of an ISP's Internet traffic in peak hours, meaning the streaming service has benefited from a one-way flow of data.
Now, after saying it wouldn't pay ISP's for that asymmetrical data flow, Netflix is doing just that. Terms of the interchange deal, however, weren't disclosed.
Comcast will interconnect directly with Netflix and terminate its IP traffic, in exchange for some form of payment, Carlos Kirjner, a Bernstein Research analyst said in a Sunday client note.
The deal is likely a win to both Netflix and Comcast consumers.
Read: Nokia Finally Joins the Android Phone Club
It forestalls the types of service issues that have historically happened in the cable industry when providers and networks dig in their heels: think of recent CBS (CBS) - Get Report and MSG Networks (MSG) - Get Report blackouts. The agreement also highlights that, contrary to general media reports, the merger of Comcast and Time Warner Cable could provide a move rational and financially viable broadband industry, whereby ISPs have the flexibility to enter in deals like Netflix's interchange deal.
"We have very little doubt that in the near- and perhaps in the medium-term this agreement means Comcast will not exert leverage over Netflix through interconnection: approval of its merger with Time Warner under the minimum number of conditions is much more important," Kirjner wrote.
The analyst said the fees Netflix will pay to Comcast aren't likely to impact the company's 2014 earnings guidance or its contribution margins. He did say that in the longer-term, Comcast could change its mind over the long-term after the expiry of Sunday's deal.
Comcast and Time Warner Cable's Merger
"We suspect the fundamental motivation for this deal is an attempt by Comcast to remove the IP interconnection issue from the regulatory review of its proposed merger with Time Warner Cable," Kirjner wrote.
The Federal Communications Commission recently lost a court decision that would have allowed it to regulate IP interconnection, however, such issues are within the regulator's purview in a merger review, the analyst noted.
Comcast, it is worth noting, will be subjected to net neutrality rules in its deal with Time Warner Cable. The FCC was interested in regulating net neutrality, but failed to prove to courts that it had the right to do so, raising some concern that ISP's would use a victory to begin charging for broadband access. If ISPs did begin charging for access, Netflix CEO Reed Hastings vowed to fight such a move in Washington.
Kirjner said he wouldn't be surprised if Sunday's agreement was conditional on an agreement by Netflix not to lobby regulators to add IP-interconnection to its Time Warner Cable merger review.
Instead of chronic standoffs that basically amount to nickel and diming of subscribers, ISPs like Comcast may be more willing to re-invest in their networks and their subscriber base.
TheStreet characterized Comcast's merger with Time Warner Cable as "good for America" because it appeared to be the least risky and most financially compelling option for subscribers in the struggling cable operator as it fielded acquisition efforts.
Read: Don't Read into Barnes and Noble's New Deal
Netflix Saw an Opportunity?
"With the prospect of Comcast buying Time Warner Cable, we suspect Netflix knew it was time to cut a deal with Comcast," BTIG Research analyst Rich Greenfield wrote in a Monday client note. He characterized the deal as a 180 degree turn for Netflix, and one that might not have been consummated were it to be a major hit to Netflix's earnings.
"Despite the new peering costs to be borne by Netflix to improve its subscribers' experience on Comcast, we have seen no release from Netflix reducing its guidance for calendar Q1 2014. We believe this speaks to the relatively small total dollars being exchanged at this point," Greenfield wrote.
Verizon Communications (VZ) - Get Report, on a Monday conference call confirmed they were in similar negotiations with Netflix and said the company was pleased with the arrangement, even if financial details were light.
"To view that we are going to be advantaging one over another really is a lot of histrionics at this point," Verizon said, while noting that heavy users like Netflix should bear some cost.
"We believe Comcast and Netflix reaching a deal illustrates how both companies were able to work out a mutually-agreeable market based solution without government intervention or regulation. We believe this bodes well for how heavy a hand the FCC and Congress have in deciding how to handle peering/interconnection policy, as well as for the approval of a Comcast/Time Warner Cable merger." BTIG's Greenfield concluded.
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A conversation, a divinely worded paragraph in a book you are reading or perhaps a random act of kindness you were fortunate to witness has you excited. The sparks are flying, ideas are flowing and you're feeling inspired to write a blog post, an article or a story to share with your readers; something that they will find value in.
You start typing, a little manically at first, afraid that you might lose your train of thought. Words, intrigue and thought bubbles spill onto the page.
Ok, it's a tad scattered but you're getting it down, translating for the muse so to speak.
The words aren't exactly the words you want to be using to describe this message, but hey, you can always go back and make those edits.
On the tip of your tongue is the expression you are after, but you can't seem to find it. The line which would capture the essence with such poetic grace, your readers would be nodding in uniform agreement.
Vague descriptions sit in place of fine-tuned statements. It feels… hollow. Something is missing. It's lacking power; the juice that gets people's heads turning.
You ask yourself: Does this even make sense to anyone else who is not in my head?
Then that impostor strides on in.
Who wants to read about this anyway? Is it even any good?
The momentum is lost. That initial high of inspiration has fizzled along with your idea. The copy joins the folder of countless unfinished drafts and random musings that sits on your laptop, and you're left feeling frustrated and unsatisfied.
Can you relate? Sounding a little too familiar? If you are a writer (or have dabbled with the world of words), I'm sure you have ridden this creative curve more than a few times. I certainly have.
Starting from a place of great vision and ending with no story to tell the tale is where unfulfillment resides, but if you take a moment to re-trace your steps, you can find out why.
Communication is the 'in between'. By 'in between,' I mean it is not you and it is not your reader – it's the space occupied between you both.
Your words are the train and your readers, the destination.
So many times we get caught up in a game of limbo. First we are in our own head, consumed by our thoughts, and then we switch. We reposition our perspective from the point of view of the reader, but somewhere along the way, the space 'in between' is lost, and frankly, it's exhausting.
It is here, in the 'in between', where your story exists. Where the right words, right feeling and right connection will speak to your reader in the way you intended, before confusion set in.
I'm guessing you, just as much as me, want to communicate your unique thoughts in a way your audience will love and connect with.
You ultimately want to have an impact, yeah?
But you want to do this minus the struggle and the push. You want it to be easy.
Here is a set of tools to help you sit comfortably (and confidently) in the space 'in between' next time inspiration strikes and you feel the urge to put pen to paper.
First things first, consult your tribe.
Your wonderful idea has great merit. The fact that you feel called to write about it is a pretty good indication that your readers will be just as excited too. But before making any assumptions (just as Miguel Ruiz says: "We make all sorts of assumptions because we don't have the courage to ask"), ask the questions.
Before writing this post, I asked my community what blocks they face when writing/blogging/telling a story. Specifically, what brings their creative process to a grinding halt. The responses ranged from finding flow when time is tight and the to-do list is too long, to frustratingly being lost for words, to identifying the crux of their message when one idea digresses into maybe two or three.
After speaking with your readers, you will no doubt be tempted to run wild with the answers and launch into a writing frenzy.
Why am I writing about ……?
Keep your answer to one statement or sentence if you can. Sit with your response for a minute. Do you believe in what you are writing about? Does it hold meaning for you?
This is the 'you' part of the communication.
Then comes the 'reader' part of the communication.
Jot down these three questions. Your answers don't have to be long. Maybe just a word or two, which encompass the direction you are heading with your words.
How do I want my reader to feel?
Or as stellar communicator Alexandra Franzen puts it: Feel. Know. Do.
This is her mantra for magnificently easy writing where you crystallise how you want your reader to feel, what you want them to know and what you want them to do after reading your words.
A few months ago, I was working with someone I truly admire on a story to be published in a publication adore. So in a nutshell, it was an incredible opportunity and the stakes were high. We worked collaboratively to define the purpose of the story (ensuring her desires for the story were also being met) and from there, I crafted the questions to tease out the gold for the story. She answered each question thoughtfully and with so much heart, and upon receiving her responses, I was giddy with excitement. I got to writing.
I was happy with the story but I knew something was missing. That 'wow' factor just wasn't there, despite my best intentions and she felt the same. I retraced my steps and while we had together decided on the purpose, I didn't take the time to consider these critical questions around the key message and my readers. Once I did, it was like I shone a spotlight on what was missing and the result? Two very satisfied ladies.
If we don't take a moment to reframe and focus, the passion can often override the purpose. What you are looking for is a fine balance of both.
Place this note pad centre stage – beside your laptop or journal – so that when your mind starts to wander, you have a map to guide you back to the original inspiration.
When you can't find the right word or phrase, remember to simplify.
This is the 'in between' part of communication.
It has become a faithful part of my creation process to leave a story once it's done. I have a good night's rest and with fresh eyes the next day, I re-read my words. I often erase whole sentences and paragraphs because I recognise they do not support my key message and in fact, detract from what I am trying to say. This is a sure-fire way to clear the clutter.
So embrace simplicity, speak straight from the heart and to the hearts of your readers and make your voice clearly visible.
We are all waiting to read your words.
I hope these tips and tools help you on your writing journey. To learn more, email hello@freethinkerco.com.
In the meantime, I would love to hear what challenges you face when writing for your readers. Maybe you have some trusty strategies of your own that get you in rhythm and rolling along with ease. Share in the comment box below.


'The treatment was great, thank you. I felt very "outside myself"'.
Another client who had problems sleeping felt after a first treatment 'very relaxed' and had 'a deeper cleep than usual' but after the second treatment 'didn't sleep well at all' and the treatment 'didn't seem to help my sleep like last time'.
Another client wrote 'after my first session I felt quite clear minded and calm' but the reported 'my rest of the week wasn't too good'.
I guess the important thing here is to note the range of experiences, and that a reiki treatment may not always provide what is expected or hoped for, but that it can also provide clients with really positive results that last longer than just during the treatment itself.