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Youth Code Jam Scales For Greater Coding Impact
Inspiring young people to learn how to code can be a challenge, but that did not stop Debi Pfitzenmaier and many volunteers over the years from organizing fun, free family events to introduce children to computer coding. That effort became Youth Code Jam, a nonprofit organization Pfitzenmaier founded in 2016 to inspire students to do more than play on computers—they learn new skills like Java, Scratch, and how to program robots.
At free events and paid camps, children aged 7 to 17 learn to "talk" to computers and get them to do what they want them to do. Youth Code Jam's goals are twofold: to teach each computational thinking as a problem-solving methodology and to inspire students to pursue computer science and science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) education. Pfitzenmaier organized the first jam in San Antonio in 2012 and soon recognized the need to develop Youth Code Jam into a program that could be scaled across Texas and nationally.
In February, Pfitzenmaier pitched and won $50,000 in cash awards at the Philanthropitch San Antonio social-impact pitch competition for nonprofit organizations. The money has been helping Youth Code Jam develop a sustainable model to make coding accessible to more young people.
Read more: Youth Code Jam Pitch Perfect at Philantropitch San Antonio
During Youth Code Jam's first year in 2012, it would cost $120 to $130 per child to organize, according to Pfitzenmaier. Because of the program's success, its ability to generate donations, and growth in supporting stakeholder relationships, the cost is down to about $17 per student. Pfitzenmaier aims to get that number even lower while extending the program's reach beyond San Antonio.
Since walking off the Tobin Center stage in February with the Philanthropitch checks, Pfitzenmaier has developed relationships with advocates in Austin, with a jam held in February and another planned for February 2019. Youth Code Jam has also been training teachers across the state of Texas, with about 70 percent expressing an interest in hosting their event, according to Pfitzenmaier.
"Some of those teachers we trained will put on their own jams – like the one planned in San Benito," Pfitzenmaier said. "But we are also collaborating with ESC Region 1 to host a community-wide jam in Edinberg in April 2019."
The pitch event provided Youth Code Jam exposure that continues to yield benefits, according to Pfitzenmaier. Attendees who witnessed her pitch became new advocates inspired to go back to their companies to recruit volunteers for the nonprofit organization. More importantly, the cash infusion gave the nonprofit the ability to develop sustainability and infrastructure, unlike other grants and awards that are so often focused on adding programs.
The Philanthropitch funding helped Youth Code Jam specifically with their revenue model for the community-wide and school-based jams. The organization can provide three levels of support.
"We can provide a 'jam-in-a-box' where we run the jam on behalf of a client," Pfitzenmaier said. "We can also offer mentorship support for those who just want consulting along the way, but are planning on running the jam themselves, and our website has materials for a DIY jam."
Next steps include hiring an operations manager to oversee the growing program and volunteers and a curriculum specialist to develop more educational resources for teachers in more districts. To date, Youth Code Jam has trained more than 100 teachers on how to run their jams, and at least a third of them have committed to hosting an event at their school.
STEM jobs are growing much faster than other types of employment. STEM skills can also apply in a wide variety of careers. With more technology in the workplace, future workers will need the critical thinking and technical skills that come with STEM training. As Youth Code Jam continues to scale, the nonprofit is filling a critical need to make coding skills accessible to more students.
"Computational thinking and understanding how to give a computer instructions and make it return what you want to return is a fundamental skill," Pfitzenmaier said. "We are right at that point where the need for that skill is beyond our capacity to fill it."
All tickets have been issued for the September 29 San Antonio Youth Code Jam; one can sign up for the waitlist.
Volunteer slots are still open for the seventh annual community-wide jam, sign up for a volunteer position here.
Featured image is from a Youth Code Jam in San Antonio, where students and their families can learn how to code for free. Photo credit: Open Book Studios.
Tagged in Debi Pfitzenmaier, Philanthropitch, Sean Wood, STEM education, Youth Code Jam
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Law school is generally a haven for the enormously keen but there are those amongst us who take excitement for the law to new heights. They are even doing things previously unseen in my undergraduate classes, such as the kids who ask questions ONE MINUTE before classes end, and then ask a follow up question! I am trying to get to the library to attack my mountain of reading, how dare you cut into that time?
The final keener is the student involved in everything; law show, LSA, energy law, intramural sports, the list goes on. If there is a club for it, they are involved. Additionally, they always want to sell you on their pet club today. The joke is on them, however. Come February, when all their involvements catch up with them, they are going to resemble the walking dead.
I'll be the first to admit that my worldview isn't ubiquitous. frankly, nor should it be. I'm a grouchy old coot, but If you're reading this chances are you're either living your 1L experience or reminiscing about it. I'm sure we can agree on this: in the flurry of garbage being thrown at you, the people you meet, the things you see, there are just some of them that absolutely rub you the wrong way. I humbly present for your consideration: the 1L bleeding heart.
Oh, so you want to go out and make completely selfless positive change in the world? You want to save poor starving kids in Africa or Honduras from neoliberalism and disease? You want to swoop down and help those poor souls who can't afford legal advice purely out of the goodness of your heart? Let me tell you, that illusion shatters (not that anyone believed you anyway) when you start pushing people out of the way to talk to biglaw lawyers at Career Day. Do us a favor: stop floating around on your cloud of self-righteousness because at the end of the day, you came to law school for a job, just like the rest of us.
However, I can't hate on you too much. After all, I was idealistic too at some point. What happened to me? I wanted to be an astronaut pioneering space travel for future generations. Now I'm in law school. See how far I fell? You might want to gingerly step down.


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Oakwood Cemetery (Syracuse, N.Y.)
Cemeteries -- New York (State) Syracuse
Dee, John, 1527-1608
United States -- History Revolution, 1775-1783 Prisoners and prisons
Affichage (Technique)
Folkscanomy: A Library of Books
NASA Network Resource and Training Site
eBooks and Texts
alexander, larry, 1951-
beach pneumatic transit company
collin de plancy, j.-a.-s. (jacques-albin-simon), 1794-1881
cooper, henry s. f
don malarkey
Biggest brother : the life of Major D. Winters, the man who led the band of brothers
Feb 21, 2019 02/19
by Alexander, Larry, 1951-
Includes bibliographical references p. (p. 290) and index
Topics: Winters, Richard D, United States. Army. Parachute Infantry Regiment, 506th. Company E, United...
Illustrated Description of the Broadway Pneumatic Underground Railway, with a Full Description ...
by Beach Pneumatic Transit Company
Book digitized by Google from the library of the University of Michigan and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb.
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Source: http://books.google.com/books?id=C5IgAAAAMAAJ&oe=UTF-8
Dictionnaire infernal; répertoire universel des êtres, des personnages, des livres, des faits et des choses qui tiennent aux esprits ..
by Collin de Plancy, J.-A.-S. (Jacques-Albin-Simon), 1794-1881
Topics: Occultism, Magic, Superstition, Demonology
Imaging Saturn : the Voyager flights to Saturn
by Cooper, Henry S. F
"Most of this book originally appeared in slightly different form in the New Yorker"--T.p. verso
Topics: Voyager Project, Saturn probes, Imaging systems in astronomy
The Getty Alchemy Collection
A true & faithful relation of what passed for many yeers between Dr. John Dee ... and some spirits : tending (had it succeeded) to a general alteration of most states and kingdomes in the world : his private conferences with Rodolphe Emperor of Germany, Stephen K. of Poland, and divers other princes about it : the particulars of his cause, as it was agitated in the Emperors court, by the Pope's intervention : his banishment and restoration in part : as also the letters of sundry great men and princes (some whereof were present at some of these conferences and apparitions of spirits) to the said D. Dee : out of the original copy, written with Dr. Dees own hand, kept in the library of Sir Tho. Cotton ... : with a preface confirming the reality (as to the point of spirits) of this relation, and shewing the several good uses that a sober Christian may make of all
by Dee, John, 1527-1608; Casaubon, Meric, 1599-1671; Kelly, Edward, 1555-1595
The initials E. K., which appear throughout the text, stand for Edward Kelly, Dee's associate
Topics: Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor, 1552-1612, Stefan Batory, King of Poland, 1533-1586, Spiritualism,...
The private diary of Dr. John Dee, and the catalogue of his library of manuscripts : from the original manuscripts in the Ashmolean Museum at Oxford, and Trinity college library, Cambridge
by Dee, John, 1527-1608; Halliwell-Phillipps, J. O. (James Orchard), 1820-1889
Camden society reports, lists of members, etc.: p. [1]-35 at end
Topic: Manuscripts
Easy Company soldier
by Don Malarkey
Topics: Malarkey, Don, -- 1921-, United States. -- Army. -- Parachute Infantry Regiment, 506th. -- Company...
Recollections of the Jersey prison-ship; taken, and prepared for publication, from the original manuscript of the late Captain Thomas Dring ... one of the prisoners
by Dring, Thomas, 1758-1825; Greene, Albert G. (Albert Gorton), 1802-1868
Topics: Jersey (Prison-ship), United States -- History Revolution, 1775-1783 Prisoners and prisons
History of Jefferson County, New York
by Durant, Samuel W; Peirce, H. B. (Henry B.)
Introduction signed: Samuel W. Durant and Henry B. Peirce
John Dee (1527-1608)
by Fell-Smith, Charlotte
The metadata below describe the original scanning. Follow the "All Files: HTTP" link in the "View the book" box to the left to find XML files that contain more metadata about the original images and the derived formats (OCR results, PDF etc.). See also the What is the directory structure for the texts? FAQ for information about file content and naming conventions.
Topic: Dee, John, 1527-1608
Special effects : creating movie magic
by Finch, Christopher
Bibliography: p. 244
Topics: Cinematography, Film, Spezialeffekt
The adventures of Ebenezer Fox
by Fox, Ebenezer, 1763-1843. [from old catalog]
Topic: Protector (Ship)
Growth of a Century : as illustrated in the history of Jefferson County, New York, from 1793 to 1894
by Haddock, John A. 1823-
The growth of a century: as illustrated in the history of Jefferson county, New York, from 1793-1894 ..
by Haddock, John A., b. 1823-
Atlas of legal medicine
by Hofmann, Eduard, ritter von, 1837-1897; Peterson, Frederick, 1859-1938; Kelly, Aloysius O. J. (Aloysius Oliver Joseph), 1870-1911
Elementary astronomy; a beginner's text-book
by Holden, Edward Singleton, 1846-1914
Book digitized by Google from the library of Harvard University and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb.
Topic: Astronomy
Source: http://books.google.com/books?id=UWUYAAAAYAAJ&oe=UTF-8
Magic; stage illusions and scientific diversions, including trick photography
by Hopkins, Albert A. (Albert Allis), 1869-1939; Evans, Henry Ridgely, b. 1861
"Bibliography of natural magic and prestidigitation, compiled with notes, by Henry Ridgely Evans": p. [539]-550
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Topic: Magic tricks
Dr. John Dee: Elizabethan mystic and astrologer
by Hort, Gertrude M
by James, M. R. (Montague Rhodes), 1862-1936
Topic: Ghost stories, English
Source: http://books.google.com/books?id=bmXF2VRmYjIC&oe=UTF-8
Vol 19: The Private Diary of Dr. John Dee
by John Dee, James Orchard Halliwell -Phillipps
Book digitized by Google from the library of the University of California and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb.
Source: http://books.google.com/books?id=H5c8AAAAIAAJ&oe=UTF-8
Picturesque Oakwood : its past and present associations
by Maltbie, Annie C., ed
Topics: Sepulchral monuments -- New York (State) Syracuse, Cemeteries -- New York (State) Syracuse, Oakwood...
Principles of interactive computer graphics
by Newman, William M., 1939-; Sproull, Robert F
Topics: Interactive computer graphics, Infographie, Systèmes conversationnels (Informatique),...
348,102 348K
Newton's Principia : the mathematical principles of natural philosophy
by Newton, Isaac, Sir, 1642-1727; Chittenden, N. W. Life of Sir Isaac Newton; Adee, Daniel, ca. 1819-1892. (1846) bkp CU-BANC; Motte, Andrew, d. 1730; Hill, Theodore Preston. Early American mathematics books. CU-BANC
eye 348,102
Topics: Newton, Isaac, Sir, 1642-1727, Mechanics -- Early works to 1800, Celestial mechanics -- Early works...
The history, incorporation, rules and regulations of Oakwood Cemetery, at Syracuse, N.Y. : together with dedication odes and addresses : with other papers
by Oakwood Cemetery (Syracuse, N.Y.)
Topics: Oakwood Cemetery (Syracuse, N.Y.), Cemeteries -- New York (State) Syracuse
Pliny's Natural history. In thirty-seven books
Jul 6, 2018 07/18
by Pliny, the Elder; Wernerian Club; Holland, Philemon, 1552-1637
Topic: Natural history
The Medical Heritage Library
The astrologer of the nineteenth century
by Raphael, pseud., 1795-1832; Anglicus, Merlinus, junior, Gent
The so-called 6th ed. of this title, published earlier in 1825, is in fact a reissue with t.p. added of unsold copies of 'The straggling astrologer', a weekly periodical published by Wright 3 June-30 Oct. 1824 with Smith as editor from late July (see Periodl. Suppl.)
Topics: Astrology, Occultism
Memoirs of Andrew Sherburne; a pensioner of the navy of the Revolution, written by himself
by Sherburne, Andrew, 1765-1831
Topics: United States -- History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives, United States -- History...
History of Oakwood cemetery
by Smith, H. P. (Henry Perry), 1839-1925. cn
Topic: Oakwood Cemetery (Syracuse, N.Y.)
Martyrs to the revolution in the British prison-ships in the Wallabout Bay
by Taylor, George, b. 1820; Martyrs' Monument Association
Topic: United States -- History Revolution, 1775-1783 Prisoners and prisons
Parachute infantry : an American paratrooper's memoir of D-day and the fall of the Third Reich
by Webster, David Kenyon, d. 1961
"Introduction by Stephen E. Ambrose" -- Cover
Topics: Webster, David Kenyon, d. 1961, Webster, David Kenyon, d. 1961, United States. Army. Parachute...
How the other half lives : studies among the tenements of New York
"With illustrations chiefly from photographs taken by the author."
Topics: Tenement houses, Poor
Illustrated description of the Broadway underground railway : with explanatory details and engravings ...
Topics: Local transit, Subways
Materials from the Research Library, Getty Research Institute located in Los Angeles, CA. The Getty Alchemy Collection includes books from the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries dealing with the art and science of alchemy. Its core is formed by the Manly Palmer Hall collection, acquired in 1995 from the estate of the Los Angeles theosophist, who founded the Philosophical Research Society in Los Feliz. Originally acquired for its contribution to the history of visual symbolism, alchemy is now...
Topic: Books
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Total Items 194

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text:
Bessarabia
Bukovyna
Carpathians
Halychyna
Naddniprianshchyna
Podillia
Podniprovia and Zaporizhzhia
Polissia
Poltavshchyna
Pryazovia
Prychornomoria
Sivershchyna
Slobozhanshchyna
Zakarpattia
National Minorities
Space Transformation
Opishne – Life Originated in Clay
They say that clayware – a jug, a kumanets (a ceramic vessel for water and wine that is common in Ukraine) or anything else – is like a living creature. Potters themselves referred to their wares as if they were alive, using the word "soul" for counting. They would say something of the kind, "I have made twenty souls of pots, forty souls of jars…".
Creation of ceramic wares is an ancient craft associated both with the material and artistic culture of many nations. The flourishing of the pottery art in Ukraine was encouraged by the availability of high-quality deposits of red, red-brown, and light grey clay.
Nowadays when crockery is a mass production item, there are few private homesteads that keep making pottery and even fewer of those that turn it into their lifework. However, in the old-established and indigenous Ukrainian pottery centres there are craftspeople who create traditional pottery, preserve and perpetuate this tradition.
Pottery of Opishne
Pottery has been thriving on the territory of Ukraine since the times of the Cucuteni-Trypillia culture (a Neolithic–Eneolithic archaeological culture (c. 5200 to 3500 BC) in Eastern Europe). This craft has been constantly developing since it has always been in demand. In the 16th century, there were over ten big centers of pottery. Till now the village of Opishne* *To find out more about the history of Opishne, the Poshyvailo family and the National Museum and Reserve of Ukrainian Pottery, read our story: https://ukrainer.net/opishne/, in Poltavshchyna, has been one of the biggest and the most famous among them.
Ceramics from Opishne has been to a number of international exhibitions and has been exported to most of the continents.
Clayware preserves traditions and evolves through centuries. Great variety of dishes in Ukrainian cuisine and rich ceremonial culture of Ukrainians encouraged the appearance of various crockery of different size and shape.
Floral motifs – flowers, bunches of grapes, spikelets and branches – prevail in paintings on traditional ceramics from Opishne. Warm hues of red and brown are combined with speckles of green and blue.
Opishne is a place where they create painted crockery of any kind, be it jars, plates, kumanets, baryltse (a vessel that resembles a barrel), zoomorphic crockery (stylised animalistic images), fine figurines and toys. The latter is what makes Opishne so famous.
Opishne zoomorphic crockery comes in shapes of bulls, goats, horses, birds and alike, though a sheep and a lion are the most popular with Opishne craftspeople. They also make whistle toys or zozulytsias, (a zozulytsia is an instrument used on the territory of Ukraine in the times of the Cucuteni-Trypillian culture) that may resemble a horse, a rider, a rooster, a ship, a goat, or a deer.
Craftspeople of Opishne do not draw sketches of their creations. It is believed you will not find two alike items among a variety of clay works. The variety of shapes and functionality of those goods – either tiny toys or 25-30-litre-vessels – are a topic of another long story.
Pottery and Painting
Long preparation work foreruns the creation of clayware. At first, a craftsman retrieves the clay from its deposits that are called clay pits. After that, he piles clay in a fenced spot where it is left to mature and stirs it from time to time. Clay matures in natural weather conditions: soaks with rain, dries under the sun, freezes during frosty weather. Next, clay is hammered and chipped, then soaked in water and left to settle down. After that, it is filtered and dried out. All this process is conducted to remove all particles and solids that can change the quality of the final product. A potter can start working with well-settled, wetted and well-mixed clay.
The final product is formed either on a potter's wheel or manually. Nowadays there is an opportunity to use plaster molds. Just like it used to be years ago, small elements are created manually and then they are glued to the main product with liquid clay. After molding, clay has to dry in natural conditions without drafts. After that, the product is annealed in an oven, gets covered with the glaze or painted and annealed in the oven one more time at a higher temperature.
The technology of painting the product before the first annealing is called "painting on raw pottery". This technology is typical of the Opishne tradition of pottery painting.
Engobes, the clay slips coatings, are used for painting. At first, the product is covered with a slip that creates an even tone. After second drying, they are painted with the help of a rubber bulb with a straw on the tip. What makes this style so complex is that the final color of engobe does not reveal itself under the glaze until it has been annealed.
Ornament painting with engobes is conducted using such ancient techniques as rizhkuvannia (creating a contour of an ornament with the help of a rubber bulb) or fliandrivka (putting paint on the pottery and dragging a special copper hook through it while the potter wheel is rotating and a pattern is being created like that). Rizhkuvannia is used for straight and wavy lines, dots, leaves and other ornament elements. Fliandrivka is characterized by accurate zigzag fibrous lines that are symmetrically placed on both sides of the product.
There was no strict divide between everyday and festive crockery in Ukraine. The quantity of crockery in a household depended on prosperity and number of family members. For instance, a family with moderate means used about 15 pots of different size and proportion. Pots with wide sides were called "pukatyi" (chubby) and narrow ones were called "ploskun" (flat ones). Less prosperous families did not have separate crockery for festivities, so they used everyday dishes for all purposes. That is why it is common to differentiate Ukrainian clayware according to its shape rather than its applicability.
In Opishne, besides pots, they produce different kinds of plates, such as a rynka (a flat pot that resembles a frying pan), a makitra (a big clay bowl with a rough surface for battering eggs and sugar or poppy seeds), jugs, frying pans, bowls, covered pans and things alike.
Notions "pot" and "jar" are often confused. A pot is a round vessel of chubby shape which is used for cooking food, while a jar is tall and is used for storing liquids.
A sloik (a glass jar) is a tall glass vessel for confiture, jam, honey, melted pork fat, and pickled vegetables. Liquids can be kept in such vessels as tykwa (a vessel with wide walls and narrow to the neck), barylo (a vessel that has two bottoms and barrel-like walls), kumanets (a circle-shaped decanter for alcohol drinks) and pleskanets (also a circle-shaped vessel but without an opening in the middle).
For baking an Easter paska (traditional Ukrainian sweet Easter bread), they produce special baking cups that are called a tazok and a stavchyk, also known as paskivnyk.
Opishne Craftsmen
Vasyl Omelianenko
This year Vasyl Omelyanenko turns 93 years old. He took clay into his hands when he was nine years old. He saw rooster-toys at his neighbor's home.
— My brother and I begged my mother to bring us some clay. We started making whistles but nothing came out at first. First roosters were rather bad, lopsided. The clay demands diligence, otherwise nothing will come out. We kept modeling and soon learned to make pretty good rooster-whistles. Then we figured out that there were other living creatures in nature. So we started making fish, dogs, sheep. We went on with this hobby.
Vasyl and his brother modeled their first hundred whistles and sold them to their neighbor that used to go to Poltava to sell things. That's how boys made their first money. They considered themselves very rich. Back in 1934 when poor village family of Omelianenko was trying to get out of hunger, they survived thanks to money they got by selling clay whistles.
Неймовірний Василь Омеляненко з Опішні вже 82 роки працює з глиною. Він - найстаріший гончар в Опішні, і каже, що тільки творчість й досі робить його молодим та щасливим. Глина відповідає йому взаємністю, оживаючи в руках майстра. Василю Онуфрійовичу - 91 рік. . . . . #українер #експедиція #україна #мандри #туризм #кийавіа #кийавіа_експ #полтава #полтавщина
Допис, поширений UKRAЇNER (@ukrainer_net) 12 Лис 2016 р. о 4:44 PST
Before the World War II, Vasyl Omelianenko was in 7th grade. He continued his education in an evening school. In 1950 he started working at the factory "Hudozhnii Keramik" (Art Ceramics).
— They assigned me to make clay sheep at the factory. I had never done it before. A daily stint was to produce four sheep figurines, but I could hardly struggle through one. Later on, I learned how to make them and started to produce not just a daily stint but to think over some other shapes, such as a lion, a bull, a horse. I created products for exhibitions. There were supervisors at the factory, but I could make more than they were able to show. What kind of a supervisor did I need then? But if you were considered a junior worker you were dependent on him (supervisor — ed.), he showed you how to do things.
Vasyl does not make simple clayware, like jars or plates, they are not interesting to him. Though he is considered as a master craftsman of minor forms, he is also the author of large park sculptures. The most famous among them is the Lion with Two Heads. Though it is easier to anneal such sculptures piece by piece, the craftsman annealed it in one piece, having built an oven around it. He considers the lion to be a symbol of courage and strength of Ukrainians: it has two heads to see friends and enemies in the West and in the East. The sculpture the Lion with Two Heads and other creations of the craftsman are located on the territory of the National Museum and Reserve of Pottery in Opishne.
— There are many of my works in the museum. If I have some new work, they want to buy it. The pottery craft survived by virtue of the museum in Opishne. Oles (the head of the museum) managed to attract visitors from abroad. The museum boasts a variety of exhibits that cannot be seen anywhere else: one can come, take a look and learn. It has never crossed my mind to copy somebody's work. I look and think what to add, what to remove so that it looks better.
Vasyl Omelianenko's works have been exhibited in Bulgaria, Germany, Great Britain, China, the USA, etc. He has many students all over Ukraine. Some of them became really great craftspeople. Vasyl Omelianenko did not give up on pottery after he had retired. He organized a workshop in his quite small house. His wife died 14 years ago. Nowadays, Vasyl considers clay craft as his second life:
I am so used to clay that I cannot live without it. I perceive clay as a living being. Here is a piece of clay which I can use to make a new creation. It can whistle; sometimes it seems to be talking. I talk to it in my thoughts. I tell it that I have poor health though I am not old, not 100 years old yet. I still want to create something great, to make a human soul happy.
Oleksandr Shkurpela
Oleksandr Shkurpela was born in Opishne, so it comes as no surprise that he decided to engage with pottery. Having received a professional education of pottery production engineer, Oleksandr worked at the factory of "Hudozhni Keramik" (Art Ceramics). It was the rule that a junior worker had to observe the work of a senior craftsman. Trohym Demchenko was Oleksandr's supervisor. At first, he worked at the art guild and then at the factory for 45 years.
— He (Trokhym Demchenko — ed.) has been engaged in pottery since childhood and turned out to be a very good industrial engineer. He developed the production from a zero level. Imagine the men who just returned from the World War II. They had not seen women for a while, they had not had any alcohol. They had all the freedom in the world. But they had to be held on a leash. Trohym was able to do it. He also gave them an opportunity to get high salaries.
From the beginning of the 2000s, Oleksandr Shkurepa has been working as an entrepreneur: he creates and sells pottery. His wife helps him to decorate and sell ceramics. They are bringing up five sons. The eldest one is already dealing in pottery professionally. Younger sons Maksym, Artem, Andrii, and Mykola are studying along with making pottery and painting.
— When I look at my elder one, I get inspired and have a strong wish to do something myself. He is an extension of my hands and thoughts. Despite the young age, he knows the technology better than I used to know at his age. He has a good sense of how to heat up the oven correctly. A skill is something one has to learn and still you will not embrace everything.
Oleksandr shows us how this workshop is organized. In the basement, there is clay that has been stored since the fall. There are several kinds of it, and each of them is suitable for certain type of pottery. All the clay is extracted in Opishne. There is a huge oven in the yard, which is bigger than the workshop.
— We start the oven once a month. We prepare products and then load it. My son helps me because it's hard to support fire in the oven for 24 hours. You cannot abandon it even for a second. The temperature has to be raised gradually, otherwise, the products will crack.
In the attic, they store the ready-made products. Oleksandr and his son are working on electric potter wheels that they made themselves.
— Pottery knowledge includes awareness of many details: how to find clay, how to prepare it for work, how to make a glaze, how to take care of the product. However, each process is interesting in its own way.
There was a pretty formidable school of pottery in Opishne. People know about it and still remember it. If a person starts learning about pottery from ground zero, it is very hard. There are so many details to consider. I think we managed to survive and save this craft because our whole family is in it.
Mykola Varvynskyi
Mykola Varvanskyi is one of not many potters who are private entrepreneurs. His wife helps him by selling the products, and his elder daughter is studying with a major in pottery design. The younger daughter studies in the Arts Collegium. Mykola's ancestors on both mother's and father's lines used to be potters.
— I have been making pottery for 30 years. I finished the middle school and entered the Opishne professional school at the factory of art pottery. Since that time my life has been connected to pottery. At first, I was taught at the professional school, then I was taught by the whole factory until they succeeded. Back then it was prestigious to be at the factory and to have an opportunity to take a look at how the master craftsmen work. There used to be many great craftsmen.
Mykola tells us that there are few pottery households in Opishne that work for themselves and make their living from it. There is a dozen of those that produce pottery from time to time.
— It's clear that there were none private productions in the USSR. There had been handcrafters before that. I don't remember it well, but they say that taxation made people quit handicraft and go work at the factory. There was a factory of art pottery and of simple pottery. The latter one was producing mostly mass consumption goods. I worked at both factories, and since the middle of the 90s, I have been working at home. Since the 2000s, I have been a private entrepreneur.
Mykola Varvanskyi recalls how he used to go to the Hudozhniy Keramik (Art Ceramics) factory workshop and how he got inspired right away to create something more daring and complex.
— Nowadays, when I see something interesting at exhibitions or in museums, a wish to create something kicks in.
Routine work can be different. Sometimes it's just an order that has to be fulfilled. Creative work is not about order but about inspiration. To be inspired you need certain conditions: not to worry about what your children have to eat, to have more freedom. And a wish, wish to create plays a crucial role!
How we shoot
The material is prepared byAuthor:Natalia PonedilokAuthor:Bogdan LogvynenkoEditor:Yevheniia SapozhnykovaPhotographer:Serhiy KorovaynyProducer:Natalka PanchenkoCameraman:Dmytro OhrimenkoCameraman:Pavlo PashkoFilm editor:Oleksii SobchukFilm editor:Mykola NosokDirector:Mykola NosokVideo editor:Karina PiliuginaPhoto editor:Oleksandr KhomenkoTranscrioptionist:Maks KenigTranscrioptionist:Nazar OmelyanovychTranscrioptionist:Svitlana BorshchTranslation:Victoria Sorochuk
Ukrainian guitars for the world market
Baikovetska hromada: big enterprise and an observatory
Support: Fundacja Euromaidan-Warszawa
FOLLOW THE EXPEDITION
Use of materials is only permitted upon providing the source: Ukrainer.net
Design by — Artem Zubkevych
Devepoled by — Yedynka DGTL


Above fees apply to day visitors and those sleeping on boats and using camp facilities. Rates include boat usage. Arrival before 3:30pm or departing after 1:30pm must be arranged with the manager, excluding weekly school groups.
Please cross all cheques a/c Payee only and payable to CAMP BENTZON TRUST A/C. Payment to be made before departure. Deposit - $700 or $950 is requested to confirm your booking.
List of clean up duties is available. For $225 incl GST the clean up is done for you but does not include pillows/mattresses, kitchen dishes and utensils, and grounds which remain the responsibility of the group.
Group to meet with Manager.
The building is to be vacated 1 HOUR PRIOR to the pick up time. Your group will be charged for breakages and damage.


text:
#include <aws/iotwireless/model/LoRaWANSendDataToDevice.h>
#include <aws/core/utils/json/JsonSerializer.h>

#include <utility>

using namespace Aws::Utils::Json;
using namespace Aws::Utils;

namespace Aws
{
namespace IoTWireless
{
namespace Model
{

LoRaWANSendDataToDevice::LoRaWANSendDataToDevice() :
    m_fPort(0),
    m_fPortHasBeenSet(false)
{
}

LoRaWANSendDataToDevice::LoRaWANSendDataToDevice(JsonView jsonValue) :
    m_fPort(0),
    m_fPortHasBeenSet(false)
{
  *this = jsonValue;
}

LoRaWANSendDataToDevice& LoRaWANSendDataToDevice::operator =(JsonView jsonValue)
{
  if(jsonValue.ValueExists("FPort"))
  {
    m_fPort = jsonValue.GetInteger("FPort");

    m_fPortHasBeenSet = true;
  }

  return *this;
}

JsonValue LoRaWANSendDataToDevice::Jsonize() const
{
  JsonValue payload;

  if(m_fPortHasBeenSet)
  {
   payload.WithInteger("FPort", m_fPort);

  }

  return payload;
}

} // namespace Model
} // namespace IoTWireless
} // namespace Aws

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Reading a .dat file as "rb" read binary I have a folder \folder\ above the webroot that contains .php, .inc, .dat files

*

*the .php can access the .inc no problem

*but when the .inc tries to access the .dat using fopen('mydat.dat', "rb"); it gives an error that it can't find mydat.dat inside \folder\myinc.inc
Of course it can't find it since .inc is a file not a folder. Why is php treating it as such?
Any ideas why php is trying to find the .dat inside the .inc?
or any other alternatives to fopen($filename, "rb")?

A: Learn filesystem basics.
your working directory is still in the webroot. it doesnt change it to the \folder\ (although it seems new versions of PHP do look files within current file location).
Anyway if you want to open a file in the same directory, dirname(__FILE__) is always for you
in the myinc.inc you can use
fopen(dirname(__FILE__).'/mydat.dat', "rb");

A: After reading your comments, I think you expect fopen to use the include_path.
fopen() doesn't use the include_path by default(unlike include). It's an option. See the manual.
http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.fopen.php

A: Sounds like you have safe_mode enabled, but don't have a value for open_basedir, or have the file outside it. Put the .dat file in a path given to that option.

A: When ever we deal with files in php. It is necessary to give path+file name to avoid such type of errors.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Nothing is more frustrating, especially for employees who are in the Millennial Generation, than to feel like you are spinning your wheels. But how can you create opportunities for younger employees while at the same time flattening out your organization?
Nothing is more frustrating, especially for employees who are in the Millennial Generation, than to feel like you are spinning your wheels. Motivating yourself to get up, get in to the office and do your best work when you know that you aren't going anywhere is an uphill battle. Older generations often mistake this desire for career advancement opportunities as a symptom of the Participation Trophy generation; they aren't willing to put in the hard work to advance up the corporate ladder like previous generations did. But this is a fundamental misunderstanding: It isn't about seeking quick advancement, it's about learning new skills, being able to participate in new ways and keeping your skills fresh in a world where many organizations are flattening out.
When layers of bureaucracy are removed from an organization lots of good things can happen. You can have more transparency in how the organization works, and if done properly you can gain efficiencies in spades. But there is also an unintended side effect. You are removing many of the opportunities for advancement from younger employees or employees who are further down the ladder. One of the biggest motivators for us younger employees is career development: We have to be able to contribute in new ways and keep our skills fresh, and when you remove rungs from the corporate ladder by flattening the organization, you put us in a situation where it's easier to find a new job outside the organization to learn new skills. I have several friends who have changed jobs for this very reason: there was no where for them to go where they were.
Business Insider recently pointed out that the recent Global Millennials Survey found that nearly 2/3 of respondents plan to leave their current positions by 2020, and 71% of those who plan to leave within the next two years cite lack of opportunity to develop their leadership skills as the major factor in this decision. But how can you create opportunities for younger employees while at the same time flattening out your organization?
One of the best ways would be to develop a cross-training program. Allow your employees to shadow different departments, or even rotate through different departments. This will let them see different areas of operation from a whole new perspective, and get a better sense of business operations overall. It also has the side benefit of breaking down information silos within your organization and facilitating the free flow of information and data. Who doesn't want the opportunity to increase employee loyalty and improve your operations through this kind of program?
But what about those of you who are stuck in organizations who are still operating in a hierarchical model and who do not have opportunities to cross train or to advance? If it's not possible to work out arrangements with your current employer, I would recommend finding outside opportunities to increase your skill set. Have you thought about volunteering for a non-profit organization? I know from personal experience that non-profits are always in need of skilled volunteers, and it can be the perfect solution in this case. You can also take on some career expanding education on your own through programs like Udacity, Lynda or even videos and educational programs available via YouTube like TedED, Crash Course or any of the other numerous channels dedicated to education in certain subjects like technology, business or the like. Added bonus: it may lead you to your next big opportunity!
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text:
/*!
 * @module storage
 */

'use strict';

var extend = require('extend');

/**
 * @type {module:storage/bucket}
 * @private
 */
var Bucket = require('./bucket.js');

/**
 * @type {module:common/streamrouter}
 * @private
 */
var streamRouter = require('../common/stream-router.js');

/**
 * @type {module:common/util}
 * @private
 */
var util = require('../common/util.js');

/**
 * Required scopes for Google Cloud Storage API.
 * @const {array}
 * @private
 */
var SCOPES = ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/devstorage.full_control'];

/**
 * @const {string}
 * @private
 */
var STORAGE_BASE_URL = 'https://www.googleapis.com/storage/v1/b';

/*! Developer Documentation
 *
 * Invoke this method to create a new Storage object bound with pre-determined
 * configuration options. For each object that can be created (e.g., a bucket),
 * there is an equivalent static and instance method. While they are classes,
 * they can be instantiated without use of the `new` keyword.
 *
 * @param {object} options - Configuration object.
 */
/**
 * To access your Cloud Storage buckets, you will use the `bucket` function
 * returned from this `storage` object.
 *
 * The examples below will demonstrate the different usage patterns your app may
 * need to connect to `gcloud` and access your bucket.
 *
 * @alias module:storage
 * @constructor
 *
 * @param {object} options - [Configuration object](#/docs/?method=gcloud).
 *
 * @example
 * var gcloud = require('gcloud')({
 *   keyFilename: '/path/to/keyfile.json',
 *   projectId: 'my-project'
 * });
 *
 * var gcs = gcloud.storage();
 */
function Storage(options) {
  if (!(this instanceof Storage)) {
    return new Storage(options);
  }

  options = options || {};

  if (!options.projectId) {
    throw util.missingProjectIdError;
  }

  this.makeAuthorizedRequest_ = util.makeAuthorizedRequestFactory({
    credentials: options.credentials,
    keyFile: options.keyFilename,
    scopes: SCOPES,
    email: options.email
  });

  this.projectId = options.projectId;
}

/**
 * Google Cloud Storage uses access control lists (ACLs) to manage object and
 * bucket access. ACLs are the mechanism you use to share objects with other
 * users and allow other users to access your buckets and objects.
 *
 * This object provides constants to refer to the three permission levels that
 * can be granted to a scope:
 *
 *   - `gcs.acl.OWNER_ROLE` - ("OWNER")
 *   - `gcs.acl.READER_ROLE` - ("READER")
 *   - `gcs.acl.WRITER_ROLE` - ("WRITER")
 *
 * For more detailed information, see
 * [About Access Control Lists](http://goo.gl/6qBBPO).
 *
 * @type {object}
 *
 * @example
 * var gcs = gcloud.storage({
 *   projectId: 'grape-spaceship-123'
 * });
 *
 * var albums = gcs.bucket('albums');
 *
 * //-
 * // Make all of the files currently in a bucket publicly readable.
 * //-
 * albums.acl.add({
 *   scope: 'allUsers',
 *   role: gcs.acl.READER_ROLE
 * }, function(err, aclObject) {});
 *
 * //-
 * // Make any new objects added to a bucket publicly readable.
 * //-
 * albums.acl.default.add({
 *   scope: 'allUsers',
 *   role: gcs.acl.READER_ROLE
 * }, function(err, aclObject) {});
 *
 * //-
 * // Grant a user ownership permissions to a bucket.
 * //-
 *
 * albums.acl.add({
 *   scope: 'user-useremail@example.com',
 *   role: gcs.acl.OWNER_ROLE
 * }, function(err, aclObject) {});
 */
Storage.acl = {
  OWNER_ROLE: 'OWNER',
  READER_ROLE: 'READER',
  WRITER_ROLE: 'WRITER'
};

Storage.prototype.acl = Storage.acl;

/**
 * Get a reference to a Google Cloud Storage bucket.
 *
 * @param {object|string} name - Name of the existing bucket.
 * @return {module:storage/bucket}
 *
 * @example
 * var gcloud = require('gcloud')({
 *   projectId: 'grape-spaceship-123',
 *   keyFilename: '/path/to/keyfile.json'
 * });
 *
 * var gcs = gcloud.storage();
 *
 * var albums = gcs.bucket('albums');
 * var photos = gcs.bucket('photos');
 */
Storage.prototype.bucket = function(name) {
  return new Bucket(this, name);
};

/**
 * Create a bucket.
 *
 * @throws {Error} If a name is not provided.
 *
 * @param {string} name - Name of the bucket to create.
 * @param {object=} metadata - Metadata to set for the bucket.
 * @param {function} callback - The callback function.
 * @param {?error} callback.err - An error returned while making this request
 * @param {module:storage/bucket} callback.bucket - The newly created Bucket.
 * @param {object} callback.apiResponse - The full API response.
 *
 * @example
 * var callback = function(err, bucket, apiResponse) {
 *   // `bucket` is a Bucket object.
 * };
 *
 * gcs.createBucket('new-bucket', callback);
 *
 * //-
 * // Create a bucket in a specific location and region. See the
 * // Official JSON API docs for complete details on the `location` option.
 * //
 * //-
 * var metadata = {
 *   location: 'US-CENTRAL1',
 *   storageClass: 'DURABLE_REDUCED_AVAILABILITY'
 * };
 *
 * gcs.createBucket('new-bucket', metadata, callback);
 *
 * //-
 * // Enable versioning on a new bucket.
 * //-
 * var metadata = {
 *   versioning: {
 *     enabled: true
 *   }
 * };
 *
 * gcs.createBucket('new-bucket', metadata, callback);
 */
Storage.prototype.createBucket = function(name, metadata, callback) {
  var self = this;
  if (!name) {
    throw new Error('A name is required to create a bucket.');
  }
  if (!callback) {
    callback = metadata;
    metadata = {};
  }
  var query = {
    project: this.projectId
  };
  var body = extend(metadata, {
    name: name
  });

  this.makeReq_('POST', '', query, body, function(err, resp) {
    if (err) {
      callback(err, null, resp);
      return;
    }
    var bucket = self.bucket(name);
    bucket.metadata = resp;
    callback(null, bucket, resp);
  });
};

/**
 * Get Bucket objects for all of the buckets in your project.
 *
 * @param {object=} query - Query object.
 * @param {boolean} options.autoPaginate - Have pagination handled
 *     automatically. Default: true.
 * @param {number} query.maxResults - Maximum number of items plus prefixes to
 *     return.
 * @param {string} query.pageToken - A previously-returned page token
 *     representing part of the larger set of results to view.
 * @param {function=} callback - The callback function.
 * @param {?error} callback.err - An error returned while making this request
 * @param {module:storage/bucket[]} callback.buckets - List of all Buckets.
 * @param {?object} callback.nextQuery - If present, query with this object to
 *     check for more results.
 * @param {object} callback.apiResponse - The full API response.
 *
 * @example
 * gcs.getBuckets(function(err, buckets) {
 *   if (!err) {
 *     // buckets is an array of Bucket objects.
 *   }
 * });
 *
 * //-
 * // To control how many API requests are made and page through the results
 * // manually, set `autoPaginate` to `false`.
 * //-
 * var callback = function(err, buckets, nextQuery, apiResponse) {
 *   if (nextQuery) {
 *     // More results exist.
 *     gcs.getBuckets(nextQuery, callback);
 *   }
 *
 *   // The `metadata` property is populated for you with the metadata at the
 *   // time of fetching.
 *   buckets[0].metadata;
 *
 *   // However, in cases where you are concerned the metadata could have
 *   // changed, use the `getMetadata` method.
 *   buckets[0].getMetadata(function(err, metadata, apiResponse) {});
 * };
 *
 * gcs.getBuckets({
 *   autoPaginate: false
 * }, callback);
 *
 * //-
 * // Get the buckets from your project as a readable object stream.
 * //-
 * gcs.getBuckets()
 *   .on('error', console.error)
 *   .on('data', function(bucket) {
 *     // bucket is a Bucket object.
 *   })
 *   .on('end', function() {
 *     // All buckets retrieved.
 *   });
 *
 * //-
 * // If you anticipate many results, you can end a stream early to prevent
 * // unnecessary processing and API requests.
 * //-
 * gcs.getBuckets()
 *   .on('data', function(bucket) {
 *     this.end();
 *   });
 */
Storage.prototype.getBuckets = function(query, callback) {
  var that = this;
  if (!callback) {
    callback = query;
    query = {};
  }
  query.project = query.project || this.projectId;
  this.makeReq_('GET', '', query, null, function(err, resp) {
    if (err) {
      callback(err, null, null, resp);
      return;
    }
    var buckets = (resp.items || []).map(function(item) {
      var bucket = that.bucket(item.id);
      bucket.metadata = item;
      return bucket;
    });
    var nextQuery = null;
    if (resp.nextPageToken) {
      nextQuery = extend({}, query, { pageToken: resp.nextPageToken });
    }
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/**
 * Make a new request object from the provided arguments and wrap the callback
 * to intercept non-successful responses.
 *
 * @private
 *
 * @param {string} method - Action.
 * @param {string} path - Request path.
 * @param {*} query - Request query object.
 * @param {*} body - Request body contents.
 * @param {function} callback - The callback function.
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Storage.prototype.makeReq_ = function(method, path, query, body, callback) {
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  this.makeAuthorizedRequest_(reqOpts, callback);
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/*! Developer Documentation
 *
 * This method can be used with either a callback or as a readable object
 * stream. `streamRouter` is used to add this dual behavior.
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streamRouter.extend(Storage, 'getBuckets');

module.exports = Storage;


Brand Premiums are an EquipmentWatch proprietary metric for evaluating the relative price strength of a brand in used equipment markets either at a given time, or as an average over a period time. The analysis involves comparing thousands (or millions) of observations from the equipment Resale and Auction channels, holding constant significant factors like equipment age, equipment type, and market. The end result is a ratio comparing the given manufacturers, brands, or models against the entire market.
For example, consider the randomized sample data below.
The horizontal axis (0%) represents the average price level for the entire market. Model 2 consistently shows a brand premium of 2%, meaning that holding all other factors equal, this model has an estimated 2% price premium over the market average in the specified time period.
Note that brand premiums are different from normal price trends. Price trending typically contains a great deal of noise in the data, stemming from differences in equipment age, location, condition, and market. Brand premiums cancel out that noise, allowing for a very accurate analysis of the impact of one factor on price. Brand premiums are also only relevant for the given time period; unlike residual values, brand premiums should be interpreted solely with respect to the time period in which they were calculated.


text:
Councilmember Allen introduces bill to expand access to justice by allowing DC government attorneys to offer pro bono services
"As long as the vast majority of people facing eviction, debt collection, violence in their relationships, employment issues, and other life-changing legal problems are alone in the courtroom, we don't have a fair and just legal system," said Councilmember Allen.
In the District of Columbia, outdated regulations prevent D.C. government lawyers from providing pro bono services to the public in almost all cases. Considering more than 90 percent of residents appear pro se – without an attorney – in probate, domestic violence, landlord-tenant, and housing conditions cases at the D.C. Superior Court. This disparity almost guarantees an unequal outcome for lower-income residents and a missed opportunity to use the resources of capable, local attorneys to move closer to a fair and just legal system.
D.C. Councilmember Charles Allen (Ward 6), along with eight of his colleagues, has introduced the Pro Bono Legal Representation Expansion Amendment Act of 2021 to allow barred attorneys who work for the D.C. government to offer pro bono services in District and federal agencies and courts, with certain conflict of interest protections.
The bill will expand access to justice by helping more lower-income residents secure competent representation when they otherwise would not be able to afford to do so.
In the context of the Council weighing how to scale back the current eviction moratorium in place during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is highly likely that thousands of District residents will find themselves fighting eviction proceedings without any support – a challenge this bill could help overcome.
"As long as the vast majority of people facing eviction, debt collection, violence in their relationships, employment issues, and other life-changing legal problems are alone in the courtroom, we don't have a fair and just legal system," said Councilmember Allen. "All too often, successful outcomes in our legal system depend on who can afford a lawyer and navigate a very complicated process. The right to counsel exists in criminal cases, but it doesn't in civil cases. This bill takes a simple, yet important step in the right direction toward a full right to counsel in civil cases by expanding pro bono opportunities and recognizing all the skills the District's attorneys have to offer."
The bill was crafted in consultation with the Washington Council of Lawyers, the District's public-interest bar association and a leader in advancing access to justice in the legal system, with a careful eye toward including protections for conflict of interest circumstances.
In 2017, Councilmember Allen worked with his colleagues on the Council to create and fund the D.C. Bar Foundation's Civil Legal Counsel Projects Program, which provides legal representation to District residents in eviction cases. At the time, more than 9 out of 10 landlords were represented by counsel, compared to fewer than one in 10 tenants. He has continued to champion funding for civil legal services, increasing the District's budget for access to justice grants every year during his time as Chair of the Council's Committee on the Judiciary and Public Safety.
The bill was co-introduced by Council Chair Phil Mendelson, and Councilmembers Mary Cheh, Christina Henderson, Janeese Lewis George, Kenyan McDuffie, Brianne Nadeau, Brooke Pinto, and Robert White, Jr.


text:
Esquerra Nacionalista Valenciana (en castellano: Izquierda Nacionalista Valenciana) es un partido político español cuyo ámbito de actuación es la Comunidad Valenciana. Adscrito inicialmente al proyecto político conocido como blaverismo, fue la única formación de carácter progresista o soberanista dentro de esta tradición política. Su ideología se basaba en la existencia de una Nación Valenciana como proyecto político propio, con una lengua diferenciada del catalán, si bien a partir de los años 90 sus miembros evolucionarán a posiciones alejadas del anticatalanismo.

El partido fue fundado en 1977 como Unió Regional Valencianista (URV), cambiando de denominación en 1979, cuando el sector progresista y nacionalista forzó un cambio ideológico y de nombre en el partido.

Actualmente se declara como un partido independentista y partidario de la creación de un Estado valenciano, llegando a acuerdos electorales con Esquerra Republicana del País Valencià (ERPV) o República Valenciana-Partit Valencianista Europeu.

Historia
Tras la celebración del I Congreso de Unió Regional Valencianista (URV) en octubre de 1979, en el partido se impuso la tendencia progresista y nacionalista frente a la regionalista y centrista o centro-derechista, refundándose el partido y cambiándose el nombre por el de Esquerra Nacionalista Valenciana. Esto provocó el abandono de los sectores más regionalistas y conservadores con figuras como Vicente González Lizondo o Vicente Ramos Pérez. Este grupo que abandonó el partido en 1979 fundará Unión Valenciana (UV) en 1982.

En la década de 1980, el partido fundó una editorial con el nombre Editorial Nova Valéncia (ENV) en la que editó varios títulos relacionados en el nacionalismo valenciano y el valenciano. El libro más conocido y que tuvo una mayor repercusión fue Bases per al Nacionalisme Valencià (1986), escrito colectivamente por Josep Velasco Santamaría, Josép Ynat Marques, Joan Salvador López, Mercedes Soler, Rodolfo Pérez Iranzo y Tarsilo Tarín Tortosa. Este libro tenía el objetivo de contribuir a fijar las bases y la teoría del nacionalismo valenciano a finales del siglo XX.

No obstante, el partido apenas obtuvo rédito electoral, a la vez que la irrupción de Unió Valenciana supuso una considerable absorción estructural y de militancia. En el II Congreso Extraordinario de ENV, celebrado en 1990, el partido entra en un estado de hibernación como consecuencia de sus limitados resultados electorales. Solo un par de años después el partido se reactiva, a raíz de la afiliación al mismo de Miquel Ramon i Quiles (senador expulsado de Unió Valenciana) y de Francesc Martínez León (concejal del Ayuntamiento de Valencia).

En 1993 se produce un acercamiento al Partit Valencià Nacionalista (PVN), con quien firmaría un protocolo de actuación conjunta, si bien no llegarían a presentarse juntos a las elecciones. En este momento, ENV llegó a afirmar públicamente la unidad de la lengua catalano-valenciana.

Elecciones

En 1989 participó en las Elecciones al Parlamento Europeo con un único miembro, listado en última posición por Unió Valenciana.

En las elecciones autonómicas de 2007 concurrió en coalición con Opció Nacionalista Valenciana en la coalición Units x Valéncia, aunque abandona la misma antes de su conversión en partido político. En las elecciones generales españolas de 2008 formó parte de la coalición Per la República Valenciana, junto a las formaciones Estat Valencià y República Valenciana-Partit Valencianista Europeu.

Anunció su intención de participar en las elecciones al Parlamento Europeo de 2009 en coalición con Estat Valencià-Sobirania Valenciana, República Valenciana-Partit Valencianista Europeu, Tierra Aragonesa, Estau Aragonés y Bloc d'Esquerra Català, hecho que finalmente no se consumó. De cara a las elecciones europeas de 2014 intentó reeditar la coalición Per la República Valenciana, con República Valenciana-Partit Valencianista Europeu, acreditado la coalición ante la Junta Electoral Central, pero sin conseguir formalizar finalmente la candidatura.

Referencias

Bibliografía
 Flor, Vicent: L'Anticatalanisme al País Valencià: Identitat i reproducció social del discurs del blaverisme, Universitat de València, 2009 (en valenciano).

Enlaces externos
 Página web de Esquerra Nacionalista Valenciana (en valenciano)

Partidos políticos de la Comunidad Valenciana
Partidos políticos de la Transición española
Partidos políticos de España posteriores a la Transición
Partidos nacionalistas valencianos
Partidos independentistas de España

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


As many as seventy percent of young people, involved in the juvenile justice system, may have a serious mental health condition. Yet only eight percent of these youth received treatment within 6 months after entering detention. High rates of youth with mental illness in the juvenile justice system are due, in part, to the failure of other child-serving systems to provide appropriate and timely mental healthcare. The result: juvenile detention centers across California and around the country have become de facto mental institutions.
Incarceration instead of treatment doesn't make sense as a health care practice. Providing intensive mental health treatment to youth when needed ensures that young people are developing the social and emotional skills they need to be positive members of our communities. A service array in California, called 'Katie A.' services, could meet this critical need for care and better support the State's most vulnerable youth. To date, these intensive home and community-based services have only been available to child welfare-involved youth. Last month, the Department of Health Care Services (DHCS) publicly acknowledged, for the first time, that Katie A. services must be provided to all Medi-Cal beneficiaries under the age of 21 for whom these services are medically necessary, including juvenile justice-involved youth.
Even prior to the state's recent recognition that these services must be available to all eligible youth based on need, Young Minds Advocacy, with the support of the Zellerbach Family Foundation, set out to evaluate what it would take to expand access to intensive home and community-based services. The resulting report, Fulfilling Medi-Cal's Promise: Extending Home and Community-Based Mental Health Services to Juvenile Justice-Involved Youth in California, finds that not only could thousands of all juvenile justice-involved youth in California be eligible for these services, but delivering them to this population could greatly improve the lives of young people.
Incarceration rather than treatment doesn't make fiscal sense. Because the federal government reimburses about half of the cost of Medi-Cal, providing Katie A. services to juvenile justice-involved youth is less expensive than business as usual. As our report highlights, costs per beneficiary to deliver Katie A. services averaged $4,586 annually. Without Medi-Cal, counties shoulder the full cost of providing treatment and services to incarcerated young people, costs that can add up to $18,800 for each young person who has a mental health condition.
Overall, the report estimates it would cost $20.7 million annually to deliver Katie A. services to every juvenile justice-involved youth who needs treatment. California's actual cost would be lower because the federal government pays half the cost. Moreover, full participation by eligible youth is unlikely. If enrollment in the program mirrored existing child welfare participation, total costs would be about $2-3 million annually statewide.
The expansion of intensive home and community-based services to all Medi-Cal eligible youth, including those involved in the juvenile justice system, offers a rare opportunity to reduce youth incarceration, improve our communities, and save money. But in order to capitalize on this opportunity counties need to build service capacity. That means counties need to include Katie A. growth to accommodate all Medi-Cal eligible youth in their budgets and provider contracts for FY 16-17.
Join Young Minds Advocacy in urging county Administrators and Supervisors to fulfill Medi-Cal's promise and do right by California's youth and families. Together, we can make quality mental healthcare equally accessible to all young people.
Fact Sheet 2 : What are Katie A. services and Why are they critical?
Media inquires should be directed to Patrick Gardner, President, Young Minds Advocacy.


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text:
Q: HTML tags in Google Spreadsheet
I am experiencing issues with Google Spreadsheet.
The thing is that me and my colleagues are using one spreadsheet as a table for translations, there is a column for English and then German and French and we have specific piece of text in each row for translation.
The thing is that we need to translate pieces of text with HTML tags like
Translate this please
There are actually more HTML tags than that and my colleagues are not really "HTML compatible" so my question is if there is some possibility to hide those html tags for them and make them only visible to me or well any method that would make it easier. Of course there is a possibility to copy those pieces of text without HTML formatting and then just format the final translation again, but it would take an awful lot of time.

I am kindly open to all suggestions and thank you in advance!

A: Here is how to remove the HTML tags with Google Spreadsheets:

*

*=RegexReplace( A1, "<\/\w+>|<\w+.*?>", "" )
where A1 is a cell containing HTML

Note

*

*For every HTML tag in A1, A1 must have both the open < and the close >

*The plaintext (non-HTML) should avoid < and > because it could cause false positives.

Without doing a word-for-word translation, it is unlikely that you can take the translated text and inject the original HTML programmically. This is because some words translate into multiple words and sentence structure can change when translating.


These single tracks consist of music I have worked on in the past. Favorites are 'Invictus', a poem set to music in honour of Nelson Mandela. Another favourite is a recitation on Kahlil Gibran's poem 'On Marriage' accompanied by a spontaneous piano piece! Enjoy!
shall be illumined by its reflection.
in the loftiness of their heavenly station."


What is Assault & What is Self-Defense in California?
Everyone in the country is guaranteed the right to life, liberty, and "the pursuit of happiness," which includes protection from undue harm. Along this line of legal thinking, you have the right to try to stop violent acts against you or someone else, even if you have to act violently in return. This is a legal gray area, though, and you have to be certain of your actions and motivation. Otherwise, what you think is self-defense could be interpreted by a court as assault or murder, depending on the details of the situation.
You have the right to "stand your ground" in California when presented with danger, which means you do not have any legal obligation to try to escape first. It is up to you to decide if the threat of violence should be returned with violent self-defense.
However, proving that the threat was real is where the line can get blurry in self-defense or assault cases. In California, you can only use self-defense actions of violence when you "reasonably believed" that you or someone else was in "imminent danger" of injury, maiming, sexual assault, or death due to the actions of the offender. You must also have reason to believe that force was the only possible way to ensure the feared violent consequences would not happen. Lastly, you may never use more force than needed to stop an offender from harming you or someone else. It is also worth noting that self-defense in California does not include defense of your property, no matter how valuable it may be.
A man is approached in a dark alleyway by a stranger, who wields a knife. The stranger demands his "wallet or else." Upon denying the robbery attempt, the stranger takes a step forward. The man draws a pistol, takes a shot, and kills the robber. This action would likely be seen as lawful self-defense since the man was alone, saw a weapon, and was threatened.
A man is approached by a stranger, who immediately begins to assault him with his bare hands. The man manages to knock down the stranger, who is stunned and cannot stand up. Instead of running away or seeking help, the man continues to strike the stranger, beating him unconscious and causing him to suffer severe wounds. This situation could be considered assault by the man who tried to defend himself, as it could be argued that it was no longer reasonable to use violence to stop violence after the stranger was incapacitated.
Did you use self-defense to protect yourself from harm but ended up being the one charged with assault or another violent crime? Our Riverside criminal defense attorneys from Hanson, Gorian, Bradford & Hanich can come to your aid to stand up for your rights, clear your name, and shield you from the misplaced judgement of the criminal justice system. Call 951.687.6003 to add a free initial consultation with our team to your calendar.


text:
Information for Debaters
T HE STONY LAKE HERITAGE FOUNDATION
STONY vs. STONEY: LET'S DEBATE IT!
The Pavilion, July 19, 2016 2:00 p.m.
Selected background materials
(prepared by Blair Mackenzie, updated with additional reference material located following the debate)
1. Early references
1. In 1835 the Federal government commissioned N. H. Baird to carry out a survey of the waterways from Rice Lake to Lake Simcoe, with a view to establishing a route for what would eventually be the Trent Canal system. I have not seen a copy of this survey, but the references I have seen to it are consistent that in it, Mr Baird referenced 'Stoney Lake'.
2. In 1836, "Backwoods of Canada" by Catharine Parr Traill was published. On page 147, a map appears which references 'Stoney Lake'. A scanned copy of the original 1836 edition is available online at Library and Archives Canada (collectionsccanada.gc.ca). One cannot be sure whether the 'Stoney' spelling reflected a choice made by the author, or her publisher, or both.
3. In 1848 Sanford Fleming (later Sir Sanford Fleming) prepared a map of what is today Peterborough County and more. In it we find 'Salmon Trout Lake' and 'Upper Stoney Lake'.
4. In 1852, "Roughing it in the Bush" by Suzanna Moodie was published. Suzanna Moodie was the sister of Catherine Parr Traill. In Suzanna Moodie's book, chapter 5 is devoted to 'A Trip to Stony Lake'. A scanned copy of most of the original 1852 edition is available online at Library and Archives Canada (collectionsccanada.gc.ca). Here as well, one cannot be sure whether the use of 'Stony' reflected a choice made by the author, or by the publisher, or both.
5. In 1853, "27 Years in Canada West" was published by Samuel Strickland. Samuel Strickland was the brother of Catherine Parr Traill and Suzanna Moodie, and a leading citizen of Lakefield. In chapter XIV the book references 'Stony Lake'. A scanned cop of the original 1853 edition is available online at Library and Archives Canada (collectionscanada.gc.ca).
6. In 1873, Ontario deputy surveyor general Thomas Devine issued a map referencing Stony Lake.
7. In 1882, "Picturesque Canada" was published. This was a scholarly work, edited by G.M. Grant, then the Principal of Queen's College, Kingston. One of the many illustrations in it is of 'Stony Lake, near Peterborough' and there are multiple references in the text to Stony Lake.
8. In 1883, George M. Roger and E. B. Edwards, both Peterborough lawyers, jointly purchased Island 18 (i.e. Juniper Island) from the Crown. The deed referred to Island 18 as located in 'Salmon Trout Lake or Stoney Lake'.
9. During the period that surveying and construction work on the Trent-Severn Waterway took place in the Buckhorn, Burleigh Falls and Fenelon Falls sector (roughly 1882-1887), there were multiple references to 'Stony Lake' in the Parliamentary record (Hansard and supplementary estimates) but none that I could find to Stoney Lake.
10. In 1907, Messers Roger and Edwards conveyed the lands that are today owned by the ASLC to James Acton, Henry Sutherland and Samuel Henderson without charge, in trust for a corporation to be incorporated as "The Stony Lake Cottagers Association". The deed references 'that part of the Island in Stony Lake known as Juniper Island…opposite the Township of Dummer in Stony Lake according to the Map or Plan of The Otonabee River and its Lakes prepared by J. J. Hazlett of record in the Department of Indian Affairs…'
It can be argued from the above and other early references that the Stoney spelling predominated in the years roughly before 1850 and was gradually displaced thereafter by the Stony spelling.
2. The official name of the Lake
Q: Does the Lake have an official or government-approved name?
A: Yes: Stony Lake. This name officially applies to all of what is locally called Clear Lake, Stony Lake or Stoney Lake, and Upper Stoney Lake.
Official Canadian place names are determined by government. In Ontario, official place names are determined by the Ontario Geographic Place Names Board, subject to the approval of the Minister of Natural Resources. The Ontario registry of place names is available online at the Government of Ontario / Ministry of Natural Resources website. Board decisions are used by government ministries and agencies in the preparation of maps and other documents. The Canadian Permanent Committee on Geographical Names accepts the decisions of the Provinces and enters these into the Gazetteer of Canada. The official name (i.e. Stony Lake) was adopted by the Place Names Board in 1953. Prior to that time, the lake did not have an officially sanctioned name.
Q: What if anything compels individuals, businesses or other non-government entities to use officially approved place names or officially approved spellings?
A: In principle, nothing compels individuals to use officially approved place names. (Certain specific contexts, such as identifying where you live on a passport application, might require otherwise.) It would be routine for an individual, if asked where he or she lives, to say that he or she lives in (e.g.) Rockliffe Park, rather than Ottawa, or The Beach or The Beaches, rather than Toronto. Neither Rockliffe Park nor The Beach / The Beaches has any official status in Ontario as a place name. Curve Lake First Nation prefers to refer to Petroglyphs Provincial Park as Kinomaage-Waapkong ("The Rocks That Teach"). The same principle would hold true for officially adopted spellings.
Q: Was the Ontario Geographic Place Names Board justified in choosing Stony Lake as the official name?
A: It depends on who you consult. Edwin Guillet believed it to be a mistake. Alan Rayburn has a somewhat different take on it:
EDWIN GUILLET
The distinguished historian Edwin Guillet was the author of The Valley of the Trent (1957) along with many other works. In 1969 he wrote a letter to the editor of the Globe & Mail as follows:
[Regarding the above letter, please also see also Note 1, page 9.]
ALAN RAYBURN
Alan Rayburn is the former Executive Secretary of the Canadian Permanent Committee on Geographical Names, and the author of Naming Canada (1994). He has written extensively for Canadian Geographic Journal on Canadian place names. He is the author of Place Names of Ontario (1997). In that book, he had this to say about Stony Lake:
3. The name of the Association
Q: What is the official name of the ASLC?
A: Association of Stoney Lake Cottagers Inc.
Q: Has that always been its official name?
A: No. The Association was originally incorporated in 1907 as The Stony Lake Cottagers Association, Limited. It was incorporated as a corporation having share capital. In 1950 the Association was re-incorporated as a corporation without share capital, under the name of Association of Stoney Lake Cottagers Inc.
Q: Was the original choice of spelling ('Stony') inadvertent?
A: The available evidence suggests the spelling was a deliberate choice. As noted above, in 1907 the owners of Juniper Island donated a portion of the Island to the founders of the ASLC. The donors of the land, G. M. Roger and E. B. Edwards, were both Peterborough lawyers. Mr Roger had served as Mayor of Peterborough and was later appointed as a County Court Judge. Mr Edwards had served as the Peterborough City Solicitor. Messers Acton, Sutherland and Henderson, representing the ASLC, were senior local businesspeople. The donors would have known (see p. 2 above) that the deed they received in 1883 referenced Salmon Trout Lake or Stoney Lake, and the gentlemen who incorporated the ASLC would presumably all have had direct experience of the Stoney Lake Navigation Company and its steamboats including the Stoney Lake. In the circumstances, it unlikely that their collective choice in 1907 of the 'Stony' spelling in both the deed and the incorporation documents was accidental. It is far more likely to have been deliberate, and to have reflected prevailing usage as they perceived it.
Q: Was the switch to the 'Stoney' spelling in 1950 inadvertent?
A: It was no accident. There was a heated debate, chronicled in "From Burleigh to Boschink" by Kay Hooke and Christie Bentham. It is interesting to note that just a few years later, ASLC board minutes were once again being kept using the 'Stony' spelling.
Q: Is there any need for the spelling used in the name of the Association ("Stoney") to match the spelling ("Stony") used in the Canada and Ontario registries of approved place names?
A: None whatever. The name of the Association is a matter for the members to decide, within certain broad limits none of which are likely to be relevant here.
Q: Has the issue of the spelling come up at membership meetings since 1950?
A: It appears to have been raised during at least three annual meetings held since 1950:
Undated notes from an ASLC annual meeting indicate that Edwin Guillet attended that year's meeting and discussed the origin of the name of the Lake. (Sue Dutton speculates that the meeting might have followed publication of his book, "The Valley of the Trent", in 1957.) Mr Guillet contended that the preferred spelling was Stoney. The meeting notes continue as follows: "A lively discussion ensued and it was finally resolved that those that want to spell it with an e may and those without an e may do so too. The meeting ended at 12:00 o'clock. This being the largest turnout at a meeting in recent years."
The minutes of the ASLC AGM held in July 1963 record that there was 'a spirited discussion with respect to the spelling of the name of the Lake – whether it should be Stony or Stoney'. The minutes of the meeting record that many of those present favoured Stony, but the matter was resolved by pointing to the incorporation documents from 1950.
By 2000, the ASLC 's by-laws were so out of date that they had to be replaced. This necessarily brought the issue of the spelling of the name of the Association back before the members. A lively debate ensued. Jack Matthews moved that everything stay as it then was. The name of the Association would remain Association of Stoney Lake Cottagers Inc.; the signage on Juniper Island, which uses the Stony spelling, would not change; the Association would use its formal legal name in those circumstances where by law it was required to do so; and everywhere else, the Association could use its discretion. This motion was seconded and carried with a substantial majority, and the new (and current) by-laws were adopted on that understanding.
4. Dictionaries
Q: Is 'stoney' recognized as a dictionary word?
A: In all but two of the dictionaries I have consulted, 'stony' is either the preferred spelling or the only recognized spelling. One dictionary that unequivocally accepts 'stoney' is the official Scrabble dictionary. The Scrabble dictionary does not give citations for the words it accepts. The Dictionary of Canadian English (1967) accepts "Stoney", but only when capitalized and used as an alternative term for native Canadians of the Assiniboine nation, based in Western Canada.
Q: What if you consult a dictionary from the 1800s?
A: A fascinating question. The best known dictionary in English prior to 1800 was Samuel Johnson's dictionary, published in various editions starting in 1755. In the 1792 and 1828 editions, scanned original copies of which are available online, only 'stony' is accepted and the references given include Milton, Dryden, Spencer and Swift. Two leading English-language dictionaries of the 19th century were Webster's in the United States and the Oxford English Dictionary in England. In the 1828 edition and the 1848 edition of Webster's American Dictionary of the English Language, scanned original copies of both of which are available online, only 'stony' is accepted. In 1857, Richard Chenevix Trench published a devastating critique of the dictionaries of the day and initiated a movement in England that led to a complete re-examination of the language from Anglo-Saxon times onward. The result, the extraordinary Oxford English Dictionary (OED), was published in ten volumes in stages between 1884 and 1928. The OED only accepts 'stony'. The extensive entry in the OED under 'stony' lists many earlier spellings including stoni, stonie, stoany, stanie and stoney. The 'stonie' spelling, for example, can be found in the 1611 version of the King James Bible, an scanned original copy of which is available online.
Q: How significant is it that 'stoney' is not the preferred spelling in standard dictionaries?
A: The significance, if any, is debatable. A great many place names are not dictionary words. Montreal, Toronto, Ottawa and Banff are simple examples from an extremely long list. Note that place names that are not dictionary words often have some form of historical derivation, e.g. Vancouver commemorates Capt. George Vancouver, Montreal comes ultimately from Mount Royal, and so on. There is some evidence to suggest that Stoney Creek, Ont. was named after an early settler by that name. I have not heard of any similar association which might explain the 'stoney' spelling in our context. It seems more likely that 'stoney' is simply an alternative spelling of 'stony', an adjective which would easily come to mind when contemplating the Lake, especially before water levels were raised. The 'stoney' spelling was clearly still in use, although very likely in decline, at the time confusion started to become evident.
A preference for using the 'Stoney' spelling today can be seen in part as a way of commemorating those early settlers and writers who chose (or whose publishers chose) to use the 'Stoney' spelling. It also commemorates some of the more romantic aspects of the history of the Lake, such as the Stoney Lake and other steamboats operated by the Stoney Lake Navigation Company. A preference for using the 'Stony' spelling can be seen in part as a way of commemorating those who established the ASLC in 1907 and through whose efforts and foresight we today enjoy the lands at Juniper, the Pavilion, the Store and the Boathouse. Arguably, each spelling celebrates and draws attention to different but important aspects of our common heritage.
5. Other usage
Q: What spelling have other organizations around the Lake adopted?
A: The Upper Stoney Lake Association clearly favours the Stoney spelling. I understand that both St. Peter's on the Rock and the Stony Lake Yacht Club have consistently used the 'Stony' spelling. The Stony Lake Heritage Foundation has consistently used the 'Stony' spelling. The Stoney Lake Sprint prefers 'Stoney'. I am unable to supply a list of other organizations that have been active on the Lake over the years or to confirm what spelling (or spellings) they respectively used.
6. Historical Atlas of Peterborough County
One resource to be treated with a bit of care is the Historical Atlas of Peterborough County. It has the appearance of being an early atlas of the County, but it actually dates from 1975. The Forward to the Historical Atlas explains that in the 1870s and 1880s, illustrated historical atlases were prepared for many of the counties in Ontario. Unfortunately, none was ever prepared for Peterborough. The Historical Atlas of Peterborough County was sponsored by the Peterborough County Historical Society as a Centennial project in an attempt to fill that gap. In the Atlas, every effort was made to write the history of the area as it would have been written a century earlier. However, the Historical Atlas is ultimately the product of modern hands.
Note 1: In his 1969 letter to the Globe & Mail, Edwin Guillet cites the Gazetteer of Canada in support of the 'Stoney' spelling. This is difficult to understand. I have a copy of the Gazetteer as published in 1974, and for our lake, it accepts only 'Stony'. The Ontario place names directory (being the basis for Ontario place names in the Gazetteer of Canada) is available online and the online database shows only 'Stony', giving 1953 as the official adoption date. Mr Guillet's letter references, without explanation, "the Toronto Public and University of Toronto Libraries'. That too is difficult to understand, as libraries rarely take positions on issues like this on, but instead act as neutral repositories. Finally, Mr Guillet's letter references the spelling used in a book by Catherine Parr Traill, with no mention made of the fact that in books written just a few years later by her sister (Suzannah Moodie) and by her brother (Samuel Strickland) the 'Stony' spelling is used. All in all, it is hard to see Mr Guillet's letter to the Globe & Mail as a balanced piece of historical research.