text:
In China's Push For High-Tech, Hackers Target Cutting-Edge U.S. Firms
Manuel Balce Ceneta
A Justice Department poster shows two Chinese citizens suspected of carrying out an extensive hacking campaign directed at dozens of U.S. tech companies. U.S. law enforcement says such cases are on the rise as China seeks to become a world leader in advanced technologies by 2025.
To understand China's espionage goals, U.S. officials say, just look at the ambitious aims the country set out in the plan "Made in China 2025."
By that date, China wants to be a world leader in artificial intelligence, computing power, military technology, as well as energy and transportation systems. And that's just a partial list.
"It's guidance to the rest of government and the rest of their companies and to their people, that this is what we want to be the best in class at, and therefore you should organize your activities, whether they're legal or illegal, to achieve that," John Demers, assistant attorney general for the the National Security Division at the Justice Department, said in recent testimony before the Senate Judiciary Committee.
He said the recent legal cases against China show the country is aggressively trying to steal technology directly related to its stated goals.
"We don't begrudge them their efforts to develop technologically, but you cannot use theft as a means to develop yourself technologically, and that's what they're doing in a number of areas," said Demers.
This battle has been been going on for years and is heating up again, according to U.S. officials and analysts. It's playing out across a broad landscape that involves most every tech industry.
A different approach
This Chinese approach to espionage doesn't follow the traditional spy vs. spy battles that largely focus on acquiring government and military secrets.
China's targets cover a broad spectrum and even include things like genetically modified crops, according to Dean Cheng of the Heritage Foundation.
"People were stopped at U.S. airports, their luggage was examined and they had acquired seeds, seedlings, plants, literally the plants themselves," Cheng told the Senate committee.
This is just one example, he says, of why U.S. corporations, universities and research labs all need to be aware of China's broad aims.
"The Chinese see food security as part of comprehensive national power and comprehensive national security. We don't tend to think about food security. They do," he said.
The U.S.-China relationship is complex web of collaboration and competition.
Before the trade war, the Chinese were big buyers of American soybeans and other crops. Toys made in China were stacked high under American Christmas trees.
More than 300,000 Chinese students study at U.S. universities — about a third of all foreign students and far more than any other country.
Many are in cutting-edge fields like artificial intelligence, or AI, notes David Edelman, who heads a project at MIT that looks at the intersection of technology, the economy and national security.
"We have a critical gap in the United States of AI expertise," Edelman said. "Companies from Silicon Valley and elsewhere cannot hire enough trained AI experts, experts in machine learning, and foreign graduate students come to U.S. universities because they're the best."
Edelmen is well aware of the risks. He was in charge of cybersecurity at the National Security Council during President Barack Obama's administration. Yet he warns against putting up too many barriers to keep out Chinese students.
"The vast majority these graduate students that are coming to the U.S. for technical training, if they could, they would stay here," he said. "They would stay here and found a business or join a business in what is still the most thriving, open, technologically advanced innovative economy in the world and one that frankly, cannot be matched in China."
Legal investments
As China races to catch up, Chinese companies are investing openly in Silicon Valley startups. This is above board, but still raises concerns in the national security community.
"We also need to be looking at activity that is perfectly legal, but still presents a national security threat," said Demers, the Justice Department official.
The U.S. and China signed a 2015 agreement that called for an end to intellectual property theft.
Chinese hacking of U.S. companies did go down for a while, according to analysts. But it's on the rise again, and the U.S. is responding with high-profile prosecutions, even though there's no prospect that China will extradite suspects to the U.S.
Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein held a press conference on Thursday to announce charges against two Chinese citizens who allegedly hacked their way into more than 45 U.S. tech companies as well U.S. government agencies.
Rosenstein said the private company the two men worked for was under the direction of China's main intelligence agency, the Ministry of State Security.
David Edelman expects to see more of this naming-and-shaming.
"If there's one thing that, in my personal experience, really drove some in Beijing nuts, it was the allegation that they were behind every act of cyber theft."
Greg Myre is a national security correspondent. Follow him @gregmyre1.


text:
Claire Elisabeth Cottrill (ur. 18 sierpnia 1998 w Atlancie), znana profesjonalnie jako Clairo lub DJ Baby Benz – amerykańska piosenkarka i twórczyni tekstów, opisująca siebie jako artystkę alternatywną.

Mając 13 lat zaczęła udostępniać swoją muzykę m.in. na platformach Bandcamp, Soundcloud i Youtube. W 2017 roku jej teledysk do piosenki "Pretty Girl" zdobył ogromną popularność w serwisie YouTube, a Claire Cottrill zyskała rozpoznawalność w mediach. Po sukcesie "Pretty Girl" Clairo podpisała kontrakt z wytwórnią FADER Label, której nakładem w 2018 roku ukazał się jej EP, "diary 001". W 2019 roku światło dzienne ujrzał jej pierwszy album zatytułowany "Immunity", 18. na liście 50 najlepszych albumów 2019 według amerykańskiego magazynu muzycznego Pitchfork. W 2021 Clairo wydała swój drugi studyjny album zatytułowany "Sling".

Kariera

Początki
Claire Cottrill, wychowana w domu pełnym muzyki i od dziecka widziała, że to jest coś, co kocha. Już w wieku 13 lat zaczęła udostępniać swoje wykonania w Internecie. Cover piosenki "Duet" Frankie Cosmos z 25 grudnia 2014 roku i cover "Boys Don't Cry" zespołu The Cure to jedne z jej najwcześniejszych wykonań. Już na początku swojej drogi zauważona przez MTV, Clairo została zaproszona do stworzenia utworu, który służyłby jako tło dla programów Music Television, jednak do dziś pozostaje on w archiwach MTV.

4 sierpnia 2017 roku Clairo udostępniła na Youtube teledysk, który zmienił jej całe życie. "Pretty Girl" dzięki algorytmowi serwisu niedługo po premierze osiągnęła ponad milion wyświetleń (dziś to ponad 80 mln). Po ogromnym sukcesie swojego singla dostała wiele propozycji od największych wytwórni muzycznych, jednak ostatecznie podpisała kontrakt na 12 utworów z wytwórnią FADER Label, założoną przez Jona Cohena, zaprzyjaźnionego z jej rodziną. Ale współpraca Claire z wytwórnią FADER nie zakończyła się na 12 utworach.

diary 001
Jak napisał The New York Times, "»Pretty Girl« Clairo stała się hitem. Potem musiała udowodnić swoją wartość". Dlatego też 28 maja 2018 roku Clairo wydała EP diary 001. W recenzji magazynu Pitchfork diary 001 otrzymało notę 7 w skali na 10. "Clairo na pierwszej płycie prezentuje beztroską, niewymagającą dużych nakładów estetykę, ale po czasie jej piosenki ujawniają głębię jej umiejętności" - jak napisano w tej właśnie recenzji.

Tego samego miesiąca Clairo ogłosiła trasę po Ameryce Północnej i daty koncertów, na których była supportem dla Duy Lipy. W 2018 roku wystąpiła na festiwalu Lolapalooza, a w 2019 na festiwalu Coachella. Tego samego roku Khalid zaprosił Clairo, aby pojechała wraz z nim w trasę koncertową "Free Spirit World Tour" jako support w Ameryce Północnej.

Immunity
24 maja 2019 roku Claire ogłosiła datę wydania Immunity, pierwszego swojego LP, współprodukowanego przez Rostama Batmanglij. Udostępniła  też pierwszy singiel z albumu, czyli "Bags", po których później ukazały się "Closer To You" i "Sofia". Album miał swoją premierę 2 sierpnia 2019 roku.

Immunity zawiera 11 piosenek o łącznej długości 40 minut i 39 sekund. To utwory dotyczące osobistych doświadczeń Claire; jej przemyślenia przekute w dopracowane kilkuminutowe historie. Alewife jest jedną z najbardziej osobistych historii, które Claire zawarła w swoim debiutanckim albumie. Jej znaczenie wytłumaczyła na antenie podcastu Song Exploder w odcinku z 22 listopada 2019.

Immunity zostało umieszczone na wielu listach najlepszych albumów 2019, m.in. na 10. miejscu rankingu NME, 18. miejscu zestawienia portalu Pitchfork, 20. miejscu klasyfikacji gazety The Guardian i 22. miejscu podsumowania przygotowanego przez Billboard.

Clairo jesienią 2019 roku pojechała w trasę "Immunity Tour" po Ameryce Północnej. Trasa trwała od 28 października do 19 marca 2019 z przerwą między 20 listopada a ostatnim koncertem trasy.

Sling
13 kwietnia 2020 roku Clairo na swoim profilu na Twitterze udostępniła zdjęcie folderu "Album 2" z dopiskiem w nawiasie "demo jak dotąd". W lutym na jej koncie na Soundcloud pojawiły się utwory Claire zatytułowane "february 15, 2020 london, uk (demo)" oraz  "Everything I Know", zawarty w ramach "humble compilation vol. 1" na profilu humble records. 22 września 2020 Clairo prowadząc drugą audycję w radiu NTS wykonała "Favoritism", również do znalezienia m.in. na platformie Soundcloud. Tego samego roku powstał także nowy project Clairo nazwany Shelly; współtworzą go z nią jej przyjaciele Claud, Josh Mehling i Noa Frances Getzug. 30 października 2020 grupa wydała singiel zawierający utwory "Steeeam" i "Natural". Jeszcze przed ogłoszeniem albumu Sling Clairo wraz z Phoebe Bridgers pojawiła się jako głos wspierający na singlu Lorde "Solar Power".

11 czerwca 2021 Clairo wydała singiel ze swojego nowego LP – "Blouse" z wokalem Lorde jako głos wspierający. Tego samego dnia wykonała go w programie "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon".

Sling ukazał się 16 lipca 2021 roku wydany przez FADER Label, Polydor Records i Republic Records. Zawiera on 12 utworów o długości 44 minut i 33 sekund. Pracując nad albumem, który współprodukował Jack Antonoff, Claire wróciła do ważnych dla niej lat 70. Na albumie główne role grają pianino, gitara akustyczna i harmonie wokalne, współgrając m.in. z saksofonem i gitarą elektryczną. Większość utworów z albumu napisała zaczynając od pianina właśnie. Poszczególne utwory tak jak wcześniej mają różne aranżacje - tak jak "Amoeba" i "Bambi" -  i jak nigdy wcześniej rozbudowane wątki w swoich tekstach, ukazujące kunszt pisarski Clairo. "Wade", będące jak historia, podzielone na rozdziały, z których każdy różni się od siebie muzycznie i aranżacyjnie, pokazuje, że wraz z dorastaniem Claire dojrzały nie tylko jej teksty, ale i umiejętności kompozytorskie.

Sling to rozważania Claire o macierzyństwie i rodzinie, co widać między innymi w "Reaper", chronologicznie pierwszym utworze albumu, napisanym przez Claire po adoptowaniu psa Joanie. Artystka w piosenkach z albumu porusza także temat biznesu muzycznego i bycia artystką, przede wszystkim w utworze "Management": Complain to the management / About my lack of self-respect / Fast forward to when I'll have friends / And men who don't interject. W piątym w kolejności utworze na Sling, "Blouse", Clairo bierze głos w sprawie seksualizacji kobiet, dochodząc do wersu If touch can make them hear, then touch me now, całym utworem nawiązując do swoich osobistych doświadczeń.

Sling otrzymał uznanie krytyków tuż po swoim wydaniu. Jak napisano o albumie w recenzji Pitchforka: "[to] dzieło starej duszy, wychowanej na Carole King, Joni Mitchell i The Carpenters". W recenzji dodano także: "jej wokal potrafi być [...] wyjątkowo ładny, pęczniejąc w perłowe »ochy« i złote harmonie". Rolling Stone nazwał Sling: "zajmującym, bardzo skoncentrowanym i muzycznie śmiałym". The Observer określił Sling jako "filmową rozkosz".

Sling pojawił się na 29. miejscu na przygotowanym przez The Guardian zestawieniu najlepszych albumów 2021. W recenzji NME Sling otrzymał ocenę 5 w pięciostopniowej skali. Rolling Stone i The Observer przyznały albumowi notę 4 w skali do 5. Portal Metacritic ocenił Sling na 84/100, a magazyn Pitchfork przyznał mu ocenę 7.4/10.

Od 16 lutego 2022 do 16 kwietnia Clairo wraz z Arlo Parks była w trasie "Sling North America Tour". 19 września zaczyna trasę europejską, w którą razem z nią pojedzie Jonah Yano; zakończy się ona 4 października 2022.

Inspiracje
Clairo w wieku 13 lat zaczęła grę na gitarze, której lekcje rzuciła, aby uczyć się sama z tutoriali w Internecie. To od gitary najczęściej zaczyna pisanie i, jak mówi, to na 100% jej ulubiony instrument. W pracy nad albumem Sling zaczęła jednak "bawić się trochę pianinem".

Pierwszym albumem, który naprawdę zachwycił Claire to, jak powiedziała w wywiadzie z magazynem FADER, Wincing the Night Away zespołu The Shins. Inspiracją dla niej jest także Joni Mitchell, na cześć której nazwała swojego psa. "You've Got a Friend" Carole King, której cover nagrała w 2020 roku, to utwór, który "naprawdę kocha", podobnie jak piosenkę Paula Simona "Still Crazy After All These Years".The Carpenters mieli na Claire duży wpływ, szczególnie w pracy nad albumem Sling. O utworze ich autorstwa, "Calling Occupants Of Interplanetary Crash", Clairo powiedziała: "Uwielbiam ten utwór, ponieważ w tak dziwny sposób łączy w sobie elementy takie jak smyczki, wokale i melodie". I, jak dodała, myśli, że "Karen Carpenter jest jedną z najlepszych wokalistek ever".

Życie prywatne
Claire Cottrill urodziła się w Atlancie w stanie Georgia, jednak wychowała się w Carlisle, małym miasteczku w stanie Massachusetts. Jest córką Geoffa Cottrilla, dyrektora ds. marketingu, pracującego niegdyś w firmach takich jak Coca-Cola, Proctor&Gamble i Converse. Aktualnie jest on dyrektorem ds. marketingu w firmie Topgolf. Jej mama, Allie Cottrill, studiowała grafikę na Uniwersytecie Georgii i przez 15 lat pracowała w jako dyrektor ds. sztuki i designu w kilku agencjach reklamowych. Zajmuje się dziecięcą fotografią modową.

W 2017 roku zaczęła uczęszczać na Syracuse University na kierunku Music Business (biznes muzyczny), jednak nie ukończyła studiów, skupiając się na swojej muzyce.

Clairo ma psa, Joanie Cottrill, mieszankę rasy chow chow i pirenejskiego psa górskiego, którego nazwała na cześć amerykańskiej folkowej wokalistki i instrumentalistki Joni Mitchell. Joanie zamiast Joni, "żeby nie było całkiem creepy" jak powiedziała w wywiadzie z NME z 16 lipca 2021. Imieniem Joanie Clairo nazwała akustyczną kompozycję z albumu Sling.

Obecnie Claire Cottrill mieszka z Joanie w domu przy lesie w małym górskim miasteczku w Stanach Zjednoczonych. Jak mówi, zawsze marzyła o przeprowadzce w góry i cieszy się, że udało jej się to zrobić zamiast czekać na lepszy moment.

W wieku 17 lat u Claire zdiagnozowano młodzieńcze reumatoidalne zapalenie stawów. Jak mówiła, nawet zejście po schodach było dla niej wyzwaniem, ale "Internet dał mi wolność" - to jej własne słowa. Mówiła też, że jej choroba zajmuje tak dużą część jej życia, że chciała "ukryć ją przed ludźmi, którzy słuchają mojej muzyki". Jednak 13 października 2018 w tweecie podzieliła się tą stroną swojego życia ze swoimi fanami.

Clairo w swoim tweecie z 29 maja 2018 roku napisała, że identyfikuje się jako osoba biseksualna.

Dyskografia

Nagrody i nominacje

Kontrowersje
W związku z koneksjami ojca Clairo, Geoffa Cottrilla, w wytwórni FADER, w jej stronę wysuwano oskarżenia o to, że jest "industry plant", artystką, za której sukcesem stoi wytwórnia i znajomości jej ojca. Claire komentuje te zarzuty, mówiąc: "Niemożliwe jest zaplanować coś takiego jak stworzenie wideo, które zyska taką popularność". Wydając drugi album, który okazał się sukcesem, Clairo udowodniła, że to jej talent i ciężka praca, a nie działania ludzi z wytwórni, budują jej sławę i rozpoznawalność.

Clairo - oficjalna strona i profile
 Oficjalna strona Clairo
 Facebook
 Instagram
 YouTube
 Soundcloud
 Bandcamp

Źródła

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Read the poem (Word 137Kb) written for our 'We care' film.
We are among the UK's busiest and most successful foundation trusts, with a long history of clinical excellence and high quality care.
Our Trust comprises two of London's best known teaching hospitals – St Thomas' Hospital and Guy's Hospital.
It also includes Evelina London Children's Hospital and both adult and children's community services in Lambeth and Southwark.
We are part of King's Health Partners, one of only six academic health sciences centres in the UK.
We provide a full range of hospital services for our local communities in Lambeth, Southwark and Lewisham. We also provide specialist services for patients from further afield, including cancer, cardiovascular, women's and children's services, kidney care and orthopaedics. See our services section for more information.
We have one of the largest critical care units in the UK and one of the busiest A&E departments in London.
Our five-year strategy (2018-2023) identifies three overall priorities for our organisations - patients, people and partnerships.
See the latest facts and figures (PDF 290Kb) for 2017/18.


Don't Buy A Pop Up Stand Without Talking To Us First. We will ensure you make the best possible choice in terms of model, quality, size and fit!
We want to make sure you choose the right display for you! So Don't Buy a Pop UP Stand Until You have Spoken to Us!
1. What size is the area you need to cover?
2. What shape of Backwall is required?
3. What type of print media would you like to use?
4. How often will your display need to be refreshed or re-branded?
5. Does your Backwall display need to be reconfigurable?
6. How portable does your backwall display need to be?
7. Will lighting be required for your display?
8. How will your Backwall be transported?
Vanilla Is Not Right For Everyone! Just Look at These Options!
a sophisticated display in minutes! Multiple frames can be joined together to create larger seamless.
providing a simple and portable framework which can be dressed with a tensioned fabric graphic.
the frame using graphic magnetic strips. Single or double-sided graphic option available and can be accessorised with lights and cases that convert to counters.
This is a simple lightweight, collapsible frame with magnetic locking arms and push-fit fabric graphics. Coming in a variety of shapes and sizes, it is designed to be portable and durable and it can be set up and packed down quickly and easily.
This great range of adjustable tension backwalls have telescopic poles for adjusting the height and width, so they can fit all spaces and graphic sizes. Composed of lightweight aluminium tubes which the graphics slide onto.


Enjoy a stroll outside with an amazing book. Explore the library's outside spaces while reading the pages of a storybook along the way. Leave your mark on the last post to let others know you enjoyed the book!


This entry was posted in Re-Release. Bookmark the permalink.
8 Responses to Batch Downloads!
yay! now if I lose all of those chapters somehow from my laptop I can get them all again instantly right here!
Coincidentally, my birthday is on ninth of april. I see this as a birthday present.
Does the batch have any changes?
Sweet. I'll be fixing up my archives tonight.
As always, thank you very much. Looking forward to the upcoming release.


Nigerians have continued to react to President Muhammadu Buhari's assent to the 2018 Appropriation Bill on Wednesday at the Presidential Villa in Abuja, the Federal Capital Territory.
However, six months after it was presented, precisely on May 16, 2018, the lawmakers increased the proposal by N508 billion to N9.12 trillion, and passed it.
Flanked by Vice President, Yemi Osinbajo, Minister of Budget and National Planning, Udoma Udo Udoma, and other top government officials present, President Buhari signed it into law on June 20.
Some economic experts had expressed worry over the likely impact such delay could have on the nation's economy.
"When I submitted the 2018 Budget proposals to the National Assembly on 7th November 2017, I had hoped that the usual legislative review process would be quick, so as to move Nigeria towards a predictable January-December financial year. The importance of this predictability cannot be overemphasised," President said, on Wednesday.


text:
Thread Size 6/0 8/0 12/0
Thread Color Beige Black Brown Brown Olive Chartreuse Cornflower Dark Mocha Brown Fluoro Green Fluoro Orange Fluoro Pink Fluoro Red Fluoro Yellow Green Grey Hot Orange Medium Olive Navy Olive Dun Orange Pale Grey Pale Olive Pink Purple Red Rust Primrose Shell Pink Steel Tan Violet White Yellow Claret
6/0 / Beige - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Black - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Brown - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Brown Olive - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Chartreuse - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Cornflower - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Dark Mocha Brown - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Fluoro Green - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Fluoro Orange - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Fluoro Pink - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Fluoro Red - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Fluoro Yellow - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Green - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Grey - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Hot Orange - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Medium Olive - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Navy - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Olive Dun - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Orange - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Pale Grey - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Pale Olive - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Pink - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Purple - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Red - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Rust - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Primrose - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Shell Pink - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Steel - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Tan - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Violet - $3.85 USD 6/0 / White - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Yellow - $3.85 USD 6/0 / Claret - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Beige - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Black - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Brown - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Brown Olive - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Chartreuse - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Cornflower - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Dark Mocha Brown - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Fluoro Green - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Fluoro Orange - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Fluoro Pink - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Fluoro Red - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Fluoro Yellow - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Green - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Grey - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Hot Orange - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Medium Olive - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Navy - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Olive Dun - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Orange - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Pale Grey - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Pale Olive - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Pink - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Purple - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Red - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Rust - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Primrose - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Shell Pink - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Steel - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Tan - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Violet - $3.85 USD 8/0 / White - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Yellow - $3.85 USD 8/0 / Claret - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Beige - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Black - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Brown - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Brown Olive - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Chartreuse - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Cornflower - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Dark Mocha Brown - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Fluoro Green - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Fluoro Orange - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Fluoro Pink - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Fluoro Red - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Fluoro Yellow - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Green - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Grey - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Hot Orange - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Medium Olive - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Navy - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Olive Dun - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Orange - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Pale Grey - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Pale Olive - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Pink - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Purple - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Red - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Rust - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Primrose - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Shell Pink - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Steel - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Tan - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Violet - $3.85 USD 12/0 / White - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Yellow - $3.85 USD 12/0 / Claret - $3.85 USD
(see color photos at bottom of page)
Semperfli Classic Waxed Thread 6/0 , 8/0 , 12/0
More VALUE for your money!! with 240 yards per spool
Superb color range and higher strength than Uni threads.
What Is Semperfli Classic Waxed Thread?
A single core, classic polyester thread designed specifically for fly tyers. With 8/0 & 6/0 traditionally used by fly tyers and a 12/0 targeted for smaller dry flies and Euro nymphs. With the 3 sizes these threads & lightly pre-waxed will appeal to fly tyers world-wide. Laying flatter than other threads this makes Classic Waxed Thread better for bodies, will grip materials more with flatter profile and also tie off better. As a polyester thread it has approx. 20% stretch.
Manufactured from single core, lightly twisted polyester this means Classic Waxed Thread is both easier to split for dubbing and importantly will lay flatter than rounder core, tighter twisted threads available today. Strength of thread is important, breaking strains are 6/0 938gm 33.01oz, 8/0 754gm 26.6oz (300gm or 67% stronger than market leading Uni, Source Global Fly Fisher *1) and 12/0 489gm 17.25oz.
Classic Waxed Thread COLORS:
Back to Fly Tying Thread

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Nazi Forced Labour in Leipzig
Nazi Forced Labour in Leipzig - Research and Archive
NS Forced Labour in Leipzig
NS Forced Labour at the "Hugo-Schneider-Aktiengesellschaft" Company
Concept of the Memorial
Neighbourhood Walks
Offerings for School Children and Youth Groups
Research and Archive
Abtnaundorf Memorial
A look into the library of the GfZL, 2016
The memorial has a reference library, which is currently stocked with almost 700 books. The focus is on publications related to the topic of forced labour in the National Socialist state (history, state and regional studies, recollections, post-war history). In addition, it comprises publications and reference books on related topics and fields of research. The inventory is supplemented with unpublished scientific theses and a multimedia collection.
The library is available for on-site use only.
The archive was established, when the memorial was founded in 2001. It preserves documents from former forced labourers or their relatives as well as a variety of reproductions from different archives. The collection includes written documents, historical photographs, blueprints, objects, and newspaper articles.
The archive grants personal and factual data to former forced labourers and their relatives, enables scientific research of Nazi forced labour in Leipzig and serves the educational work in the memorial.
Survivors, relatives, academics, students, school children and other interested persons can use the archive upon prior consultation. The terms of use of the memorial apply.
Opening Hours and Inquiries
The library and the archive are available during the opening hours of the memorial. Please contact us in advance.
If you have an inquiry for the library, the archive or about former forced labourers call us or write an e-mail to our staff.
› Call for Donations


text:
Q: Non-English characters are garbled in file name on file uploading to Web API 2 I am using dropzone.js to upload files to Web API 2 service. Reading multipart stream gives garbled Russian characters. For example, when I upload file with name Русское название - Russian characters it gives ????? ?????? - Russian characters.
I'm sure that dropzone.js works fine and it is just a Web API problem.
Here is GetStream method.
public override Stream GetStream(HttpContent parent, HttpContentHeaders headers)
        {
            // For form data, Content-Disposition header is a requirement
            ContentDispositionHeaderValue contentDisposition = headers.ContentDisposition;
            if (contentDisposition != null)
            {
                // We will post process this as form data
                _isFormData.Add(String.IsNullOrEmpty(contentDisposition.FileName));

                return new MemoryStream();
            }

            // If no Content-Disposition header was present.
            throw new InvalidOperationException(
                string.Format("Did not find required '{0}' header field in MIME multipart body part..",
                              "Content-Disposition"));
        }

A: It is probably bad encoding on js side imo. As you have posted instead of "Русское название - Russian characters" you get "????? ?????? - Russian characters", which means that file is readen with suport of English characters but without russian ones.  Try changing encoding to one that supports cyrylic characters.
This might be helpfull: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Character_encoding.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Wisconsin News
Decades-long quest to honor Civil War hero Alonzo Cushing nears success
Push started with letter to William Proxmire in the 1980s
First Lt. Alonzo Cushing of Delafield (middle, standing) was among Union officers at Antietam in 1862. At Gettysburg the next year, a wounded Cushing refused to abandon his post and was killed. A group has been pushing to honor him. Credit: Library of Congress
Alonzo Cushing of Delafield was killed at the Battle of Gettysburg and may now be close to receiving the Medal of Honor.
By Meg Jones of the Journal Sentinel
Margaret Zerwekh thought Alonzo Cushing deserved the Medal of Honor.
So she wrote a letter to her congressman to correct what she thought was an injustice.
That was more than three decades ago. Zerwekh is now 93, and Cushing appears to be on the verge of receiving the nation's highest honor for valor.
Tucked deep in the defense bill passed late last week is a provision to posthumously award the Medal of Honor to Cushing, an artillery officer from Delafield killed at the Battle of Gettysburg. Zerwekh can't remember when she wrote her first letter on behalf of Cushing to then-Sen. William Proxmire, but it was sometime in the 1980s.
"I didn't think it would take this long. I thought it would go much faster because he was a real hero," said Zerwekh, who lives on property in Delafield once owned by Cushing's father.
Recommendations for the Medal of Honor, which dates back to the Civil War, normally must be made within two to three years of the heroic action, and the medal must be awarded within three to five years. It takes an act of Congress to waive the time limits.
A few hurdles remain in Cushing's way. Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel must recommend him for the medal and President Barack Obama must agree. In 2010, the secretary of the Army approved the request, but last year House-Senate negotiators dropped the provision to honor Cushing from the final defense bill.
Since Proxmire retired from the Senate, other members of Wisconsin's congressional delegation have picked up Cushing's cause. The provision approved in last week's defense bill was authored by Reps. Ron Kind and Jim Sensenbrenner with support from Wisconsin's senators, Ron Johnson and Tammy Baldwin.
"It's never too late to do the right thing, especially when it comes to honoring our war heroes," Kind said.
Added Sensenbrenner: "Lieutenant Cushing was a courageous leader who gave his life to protect our country and deserves to be recognized for his bravery."
Among the many men who died in the nation's bloodiest battle was Cushing, a first lieutenant in charge of an artillery battery of six cannons and 110 men.
On July 3, 1863, the third and final day of the Battle of Gettysburg, Cushing and his soldiers in Battery A, 4th U.S. Artillery, were stationed near a small grove of trees in a spot known as "the Angle" because of a nearby stone fence.
The Angle bore the brunt of the tragic and misguided gamble known as Pickett's Charge. Before Confederate soldiers were sent to their deaths in the charge, Confederate artillery launched a ferocious bombardment that decimated Cushing's unit. When it stopped, Cushing had only two working cannons and a few soldiers still standing.
In the cannonade, a shell fragment pierced Cushing's shoulder and shrapnel tore through his abdomen and groin. Holding his intestines with one hand, Cushing refused to leave his cannons and his men.
Battery A moved the two remaining guns to a stone wall and blasted away at the charging Confederates. A few seconds after he yelled "I will give them one more shot," Cushing was struck in the mouth by a bullet that killed him instantly.
Cushing's body was returned to his family in Delafield, and they buried him at West Point beneath a tombstone inscribed "Faithful until death."
Now Zerwekh believes it's finally time to recognize Cushing for his heroism.
"Who thought it would take this long? I certainly didn't," said Zerwekh, who was active in the auxiliary of Sons of the Union Veterans of the Civil War. "It was something that had to be done. He was a hero. Why shouldn't he be recognized as a hero?
About Meg Jones
Meg Jones is a general assignment reporter who specializes in military and veterans issues. Meg was part of a team that was a Pulitzer Prize finalist in 2003, and is the author of "World War II Milwaukee."
@MegJonesJS
mjones@journalsentinel.com
More Wisconsin News
Three of Wisconsin's billionaires sometimes pay zero state income tax
Man killed in Rock County crash identified
Johnson campaign gets fundraising boost, but still lags Feingold
Walker wants to greenlight east-west I-94 project
Man fatally shoots neighbor in Eau Claire


'Mania' is the new track from Jay Summer. The vocals are really stunning and are marvellously complemented by the unique synth production. We loved the soft sounds combined with the sharp vocal layers and hard hitting percussion and drums.
Make sure you listen all the way through as it's not the same all the way through, the vibe transitions as the instrument levels vary before cutting back down to the very first synth.


Below are some sample results that some may find interesting. Submit your findings to: developer@biblecalculator.com for consideration here.
Note: The bulk of this website's time calculations of Biblical interest are covered in the work, Creation, the Flood, and Our Modern Calendar, which includes a summary timechart of findings.
The midpoint of the 7000 years between flood and world's end is 1490 BC. It was in this year that Aaron (Moses' elder brother by 3 years) was 40 years old. Aaron represents the Law and 40 means testing.


An executor is a key component in an estate plan. In the state of Florida, we formally refer to that person as the Personal Representative. He or she is entrusted with safeguarding the property of a deceased person until all taxes and liabilities have been paid, and then disbursing the rest to the designated and/or eligible heirs.
Executors do not have to be experts in the law or financial matters, but they do need to be honest, diligent, and impartial, because they have a fiduciary duty, or a duty to act honestly and in good faith on behalf of others.
Finding and managing the decedent's assets until they are distributed to the heirs. To settle outstanding financial obligations such as taxes, for example, they may be required to sell real estate holdings and other disposable assets.
Using estate funds to pay ongoing expenses such as utility bills and mortgage payments.
Terminating leases, credit cards, and other obligations and notifying government agencies and banks of the person's death.
Determining who the heirs are. If a will was left, the executor will use it as a guideline to determine who gets what. If not, they will have to determine who the heirs are according to Florida law. Be aware that the surviving spouse is not necessarily entitled to 100% of the decedent's estate without a will.
Filing the original will with the probate court.
Determining if probate court proceedings are necessary. Most jointly owned assets, such as real estate and bank accounts, will go to the surviving owner if rights of survivorship have been established.
Setting up an estate bank account to receive money owed to the decedent, such as stock dividends.
It may be preferable for the executor to live in the same state as you, though this is not necessarily a requirement. Likewise, it does help if they have experience managing money and dealing with lawyers and accountants. They should also be willing to commit to the time needed to settle your estate, which can take up to two years.
Most people choose relatives or close friends to act as their executor, but because the job can be fairly complex, it's important to select someone who is responsible and competent. If you have no one close to you who could successfully manage your estate, professionals such as attorneys or accountants can be hired for a fee, which is usually derived from the estate. It may be worthwhile to explore this option, as such parties have the training to interact with legal and tax professionals and can help your heirs receive their inheritance on a timely basis.
If you've got questions about this matter or about estate planning in general, we are always happy to help. Please reach out to us today!


Oberstleutnant (German pronunciation: [ˈʔoːbɐstlɔʏtnant]) is a German Army and German Air Force rank equal to lieutenant colonel, above Major, and below Oberst.
There are two paygrades associated to the rank of Oberstleutnant. Paygrade A14 is the standard level paygrade whereas A15 is assigned to senior Oberstleutnant personnel.
Oberstleutnant of the General Staff or Reserve have the words "im Generalstabsdienst" (i.G.), "der Reserve" (d.R.) after their rank—thus: "OTL i.G.", "OTL d.R."
Oberstleutnant who are definitely retired are described as "außer Dienst" (a.D.).
Contrary to (unofficial) practice in many English-speaking militaries, a German Oberstleutnant is never referred to as an Oberst, neither to shorten the address nor as a form of courtesy.
During World War II, the SS maintained an equivalent rank known as Obersturmbannführer.
On the shoulder straps (Heer, Luftwaffe) there are two silver pips (stars) in silver oak leaves.


At the CNBP translational urgency and addressing commercial industry needs are central to our technology development.
We are committed to providing deployable solutions through successful translation of our 'light-based' sensing, imaging and discovery expertise.
At the CNBP, we are here to facilitate the effective and efficient adoption of our research outcomes into products and services that can create a commercial return and positively impact society.
Our process is simple—to engage early with industry partners, to fully understand their market needs and to then provide solutions which will positively impact on the bottom line.
Areas of application include next-generation tools that can Sense and Image at a molecular level—in the longer term to create clinical point-of-care diagnostics, particularly in our focus research program areas of Reproductive Success, Vascular Health and Persistent Pain.
However, our approaches have broad applications across the veterinary, animal healthcare, agriculture, manufacturing and food production sectors as well.
At the CNBP we want to engage early with our commercial partners, to cultivate a collaborative approach, to develop solutions together, to increase knowledge and to have a meaningful and real-world impact.
For us, the commercialisation process starts on the very first day of our projects.
We engage proactively with industry from the paddock to the plate, and from the factory floor to the boardroom to identify information gaps within systems.
We then deliver the measurement solutions that support decision making processes—that add to business efficiency, creating commercial return and impact.
Below. A new smart needle to let surgeons see at-risk blood vessels during biopsies.


text:
Q: Calculator keypad layout with flexbox I am building a calculator with flexbox. I want one of its keys twice the height and another key twice the width.
I googled much about it but couldn't find both cases together.
For twice height key, only answers I found was to make flex-direction as column. But in that case I will not be able to make double width key.
Here is my code (on codepen.io). Please help.

$(function() {
  var curr = "",
    prev = "";
  var updateView = function() {
    $('#curr').html(curr);
    $('#prev').html(prev);
  };
  $('.keysNum').on('click', function(e) {
    curr += $(this).html();
    console.log(this);
    updateView();
  });
  $('.keysOp').on('click', function(e) {

  });
});
.flexBoxContainer {
  -webkit-touch-callout: none;
  -webkit-user-select: none;
  user-select: none;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-around;
  align-items: center;
  width: 100%;
  min-height: 100vh;
}

.calculator {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: center;
  align-content: center;
  width: 100%;
  min-height: 100vh;
}

@media (min-width: 321px) {
  .calculator {
    width: 320px;
  }
}

.calculator .keys {
  border: #d3d2cb 0.5px solid;
  background: #fefdff;
  color: #33393d;
  height: 50px;
  height: 14.2857142857vh;
  width: 25%;
  line-height: 14.2857142857vh;
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 1.4rem;
  font-weight: bold;
  transition: background 0.2s linear;
}

.calculator .keysOp {
  background: #f1f1ef;
}

.calculator .keysC {
  color: #f94913;
}

.calculator .keys:hover {
  background: #d3d2cb;
  transition: background 0s linear;
}

.calculator .keys:focus {
  outline: none;
}

.calculator .keys:active {
  background: #93938E;
}

.calculator .screen {
  background: #e9e8e5;
  height: 14.2857142857vh;
  width: 100%;
  line-height: 14.2857142857vh;
  direction: rtl;
}

.calculator .screen:last-child {
  font-size: 4rem;
}

.calculator #anomaly-keys-wrapper {
  display: flex;
  width: 100%;
}

.calculator #anomaly-keys-wrapper>section:first-child {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  width: 75%;
}

.calculator #anomaly-keys-wrapper>section:first-child>div.keys {
  flex: 1 0 33.33%;
}

.calculator #anomaly-keys-wrapper>section:first-child>div.long {
  flex-basis: 66.67%;
}

.calculator #anomaly-keys-wrapper>section:last-child {
  width: 25%;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.calculator #anomaly-keys-wrapper>section:last-child>.tall {
  background: #f94913;
  color: #fefdff;
  width: 100%;
  line-height: 28.5714285714vh;
  flex: 1;
}

.calculator #anomaly-keys-wrapper>section:last-child>.tall:hover {
  background: #c73a0f;
}

.calculator #anomaly-keys-wrapper>section:last-child>.tall:focus {
  outline: none;
}

.calculator #anomaly-keys-wrapper>section:last-child>.tall:active {
  background: #8b280a;
}
<link href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/ionicons/2.0.1/css/ionicons.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />

C

&divide

&times

7

8

9

-

4

5

6

+

1

2

3

0

.

=

A: Wrap the uneven keys in their own flex containers and go from there...

* { box-sizing: border-box; }                                      /* 1 */

.flexBoxContainer {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-around;
    align-items: center;
    width: 100%;
}

.calculator {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: center;
    align-content: center;
    width: 100%;
}

.calculator .keys {
    border: red 1px solid;
    height: 50px;
    width: 25%;
    break-inside: avoid;
}

.calculator input {
    height: 100px;
    width: 100%;
    direction: rtl;
}

#anomaly-keys-wrapper {                                            /* 2 */
    display: flex;
    width: 100%;
}

#anomaly-keys-wrapper > section:first-child {                      /* 3 */
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    width: 75%;
}

#anomaly-keys-wrapper > section:first-child > div {                /* 4 */
    flex: 1 0 33.33%;
}

#anomaly-keys-wrapper > section:first-child > div:nth-child(4) {   /* 5 */
    flex-basis: 66.67%;
}

#anomaly-keys-wrapper > section:last-child {                       /* 6 */
    width: 25%;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

#anomaly-keys-wrapper .tall {                                      /* 7 */
    width: 100%;
    flex: 1;
}

@media (min-width: 321px) {
    .calculator {
        width: 320px;
    }
}

        <input />

Revised Codepen (with compiled CSS)
Notes:

*

*Include padding and borders in width / height calculations.

*Wrap uneven keys in a separate flex container (with defaults flex-direction: row and flex-wrap: nowrap)

*Wrap long key in a separate flex container with wrapping enabled (and take enough siblings to create equal height with tall key).

*Force three keys per row max.

*Make long key twice the width of siblings. (Didn't use simpler long class selector due to weaker specificity.)

*Wrap tall key in a separate flex container with vertical orientation.

*Make tall key consume all available width and height of container.

UPDATE
From the comments:

Hi, 1. Can you explain me how flex basis works? and why did you use it instead of giving width to long button. 2. Why is it necessary to give flex: 1; to tall button, as i have read it is the default value.

Question #1:
The keys in the first sub-section container (containing .long) are sized with flex: 1 0 33.33%.
This is shorthand for flex-grow: 1, flex-shrink: 0, and flex-basis: 33.33%.
For the .long key we are simply overriding the flex-basis component with 66.67%. (there's no need to re-declare the other two components).
Also, there's really no difference in this case between width and flex-basis, but since we're overriding flex-basis, I used flex-basis.
Using width would leave the original flex-basis: 33.33% intact, creating two width rules which may, therefore, fail to expand the .long key, depending on which rule prevails in the cascade.
For a complete explanation of flex-basis vs. width, see What are the differences between flex-basis and width?
Question #2:
Because the initial value of the flex-grow component is 0 (source).

A: There isn't a generic answer I can come up with, but this is as close as I can get.
I have modified your code to use floating instead of the flexbox layout model. This is less modern, but seems to be a viable workaround to this particular problem, with little to no negative effects.

Please note that I have also modified the width of the buttons to actually take up all the space they can, and gave them a box-sizing of border-box. More on this here.

https://codepen.io/anon/pen/VjOKGX
.calculator {
    // Required to keep the buttons inside
    overflow: hidden;
    width: 100%;
    @media #{$gtphone} {
        width: 320px;
    }
    .keys {
        // Changes the box model so that width includes the borders too
        box-sizing: border-box;
        border: red 1px solid;
        height: 50px;
        // The width is modified to take up all the space
        width: 25%;
        // Floating is defined
        float: left;
        break-inside: avoid;
    }
    .long {
        // This one needs float to be set to right,
        // so that other elements may be on its left in multiple rows
        float: right;
        height: 100px !important;
    }
    .big {
        // Again, width is modified
        width: 50% !important;
    }
    input {
        height: 100px;
        width: 100%;
        direction: rtl;
    }
}


text:
Dael Orlandersmith
written and performed by Dael Orlandersmith
directed by Neel Keller
22–27 July, 8pm
Matinees 25 & 27 July 2pm
Mick Lally Theatre
1 hour 10 minutes approx. No interval
Until the Flood is the latest riveting theatrical event from acclaimed writer and performer Dael Orlandersmith.
Based on extensive interviews following the 2014 shooting of black teenager Michael Brown by white police officer Darren Wilson, this tour–de–force show gives voice to a community haunted by injustice and a country yearning for change.
Awarded a Critic's Pick by The New York Times and hailed as 'a must see show that will have a profound effect on everyone who views it' by Broadway World, Until The Flood explores the dark forces of American history, race and politics that exploded in the streets of Ferguson, Missouri and sent shock waves across the nation. Pulitzer Prize nominee Dael Orlandersmith [Yellowman, Forever, The Gimmick] brings the voices and emotions of the people who lived through these raw events to the stage.
Don't miss Dael Orlandersmith's First Thought Talk, Theatre and the Personal, on Sunday 28 July at 10am.
Eye opening and quietly moving Variety
What Can We Do About Climate Change? | Mary Robinson
Jerry Fish
Druid Debuts
Lights in the Distance: Hope or Despair? | Daniel Trilling


It may be Monday morning, so to help with that, here's a nice preview of the DCS MiG-15bis Landing Tutorial using EDGE at the NTTR map.
This is a tutorial of how to land the MiG-15bis. This video is recorded using unreleased, work-in-progress builds of DCS: MiG-15bis, DCS World 2, and the NTTR map.
I am *so* excited for the MiG-15bis – such an iconic piece of jet fighter history, and it just looks so beautiful, inside and out.
The fact that Belsimtek has been doing a fantastic job with DCS modules isn't hurting my enthusiasm, either!
Yeah, it is looking so beautiful! Going to be some fun time conducting dogfight sessions online with the community. It will feel so different; not quite WW2, not quite modern jet fighting with missile tactics, totally different feel. Be curious to see what theater does come out catering to both this plane and the Sabre.
I actually enjoy flying the MiG-15bis much more than the Sabre.
Does it feel a bit lighter or nimble?
Indeed, and I can be more aggressive with it at low speeds.
No Kidding , Man that looks like its a lot of fun to fly..
I bought the Mig 15 for my Birthday so I am hoping it is out on the 9th, hint, hint. I am looking forward to driving the Mig. For some reason the Russian fighters have always peeked my interest. Can't wait, it sure looks fantastic.


text:
Q: Error while attempting to simulating an http post containing XML on localhost I'm sure this is simple, but I'm missing the forest for the trees...
I need to simulate an HTTP Post to my localhost so I can test some response and request routines to ensure that I'm receiving and sending the XML required correctly. After some research, I thought it would be a good idea to use WebClient.UploadString to accomplish this.
Basically, I need to send an HTTP Post in which the InputStream contains an XML document.
The method code I'm using is:
public static void SendPunchOutSetupRequestTest()
  {
    string xml = File.ReadAllText(
                @"C:\blah\blah\blah\Sample XML\PunchoutSetupRequest.xml");

    string url = new UriBuilder("http", "localhost", 2020,"Account\\CCLaunch").ToString();

    using (WebClient client = new WebClient())
      {
          client.UploadString(url, xml);
      }
 }

When I hit the client.UploadString() portion, I'm getting the error:
"Unable to read data from the transport connection: An existing connection was forcibly closed by the remote host."
I'm not exactly sure what is happening or why. I should mention that I'm running the method above within the same web app that I'm trying to debug (the post is going to localhost:2020/Account/someView). Is the problem the fact that I'm calling a page (using client) from within the same application that the page exists?
If I'm NOT going about this correctly, can anyone make any suggestions as to how I can send an HTTP Post to Localhost where the inputstream contains a static (for now) XML?


Recently Sold Homes in 30802 have a median listing price of $148,700 and a price per square foot of $113. There are 25 active recently sold homes in 30802, which spend an average of days on the market. Some of the hottest neighborhoods near 30802 are Belair, Summerville, West Augusta, Lake Aumond, Montclair. You may also be interested in recently sold homes in popular zip codes like 30809, 30813, or in neighboring cities, such as Appling, Evans, Grovetown, Augusta, Lincolnton.


text:
Acute Myeloid Leukemia Immunotherapy Shows Efficacy
By Laurie Toich, Assistant Editor
Novel immunotherapy shows promise treating patients with leukemia at high-risk of relapse.
Investigators recently announced positive results from a small study involving a novel immunotherapy used in patients with acute myeloid leukemia who were at high-risk of relapse.
In the trial, patients received genetically engineered immune cells following a bone marrow transplant. Results from the study were presented at the American Society of Hematology annual meeting, and could potentially guide targeted treatments for these patients.
Of the 12 patients included in the trial, all achieved remission, and are still in remission after more than 2 years, according to the study. Investigators believe that this experimental therapy may prevent patients who are at a high-risk of relapse from experiencing relapse in the future.
These findings were the direct opposite of the outcomes in patients who received a stem cell transplant around the same time, but did not receive genetically engineered T cells. In these patients, all experienced remission initially, but more than 25% experienced remission within 10 months, according to the study.
To create the engineered T cells, the researchers altered the cells to create receptors to recognize the target molecule WT1. This molecule is 10 to 1000 times more common in leukemia cells compared with healthy cells, making an excellent target for these treatments, according to the authors.
Since it was the first use of this treatment strategy, patients enrolled were diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia, were undergoing bone marrow transplant, and also had genetic or disease characteristics that reduced their change of long-term remission following transplant.
Each of the 12 patients received personalized, genetically modified T cells, and certain cells were given the genetic instruction to produce a receptor that reacts to WT1, according to the study.
A month after the blood stem cell transplant, researchers discovered that there were no traces of the cancer in any of the patients' bone marrow. After this discovery, patients then received an infusion of up to 10 billion engineered donor T cells.
If this method proves to be as successful in a larger group of patients, those at high-risk of relapse after a stem cell transplant may have an alternative treatment option that will prevent disease relapse.
Lead study author Aude Chapuis said that she has seen many patients undergo bone marrow transplants, which is what drove her and the team of researchers to work towards a more effective treatment.
"That's my source of inspiration. I'm always horrified by the intense treatment that we inflict on bone marrow transplant patients and the hardship that we make them go through. And I really think we can do better," Dr Chapuis concluded. "That's why I'm doing this."


For the latest weather updates from our Emergency Management Department, please check https://www.weather.gov/rah/. If you are on FACEBOOK please go to https://www.facebook.com/NWSRaleigh . This will be the latest forecasts and updates from the National Weather Service, Raleigh Office. Just put your city name or ZIP code in the block on the upper left. This is the most timely and accurate information and is updated multiple times each day. This is one of the services we also use to make decisions when it comes to severe weather concerns.
For severe weather preparedness information and information we are sharing with the public and media please go the READYFORSYTH site at http://www.readyforsyth.org/. If you are on FACEBOOK go to https://www.facebook.com/ReadyFORSYTH.
As of this morning we may see possible Tropical Storm Conditions here in Forsyth County starting Thursday evening. This include high-winds and possibly 5-7 inches of rain. This is subject to change.


text:
Remington Williams is an American fashion model. She has been on the cover of Vogue Italia.

Career
Williams was discovered while working at a Chipotle Mexican Grill in Austin, Texas–10 days later she debuted at Calvin Klein.  She has also walked for Sies Marjan, Marc Jacobs, Missoni, Moschino, Chanel, Rick Owens, Christopher Kane, Erdem, Maison Margiela, Miu Miu, Sacai, Schiaparelli and Coach New York (which she closed).

Williams was on the cover of the March 2018 issue of Vogue Italia and has appeared in editorials for Dazed, W, Interview and Love.

For the F/W 2018 season, models.com listed her as a "Top Newcomer."

References

Living people
People from Austin, Texas
Female models from Texas
American female models
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century American women


Milan: G. Ricordi, n.d. Plate P.R. 1385.
#388187 This score includes measure numbers.
Leipzig: C.F. Peters, n.d.(ca.1870). Plate 4956.
London: Boosey & Co., n.d.(ca.1875).
Milan: G. Ricordi, n.d. Plate 41684.
New York: Schirmer, No.2253, n.d. Plate 44001.
Paris: E. Gérard et Cie., n.d. Plate C.M. 5287.
Leipzig: C. F. Peters, n.d.(ca.1894). Plate 7995.
Paris: Heugel, n.d.. Plate H.4640(1).
Paris: Heugel, n.d.. Plate H.4648(9).
Leipzig: C.F. Peters, n.d. (ca.1870s). Plate 5268.
Paris: Schonenberger, n.d.[1841ca]. Plate S.816.
St. Petersburg: Magasin S. Dufour (Brandus), n.d. Plate 1855.
Leipzig: Friedlein & Hirsch, n.d. Plate 20.
London: Mori & Lavenu, n.d.(ca.1833-37). Plate 3191, 3977.
New York: C. Fischer, 1922. Plate 02497.
Leipzig: C.F. Peters, n.d. (ca.1895). Plate 8634 (pp.70-77).
Vienna: Universal Edition, n.d. (ca.1903). Plate U.E. 455. 621.
Madrid: A. Romero, n.d.. Plate A.R. 2552.
The source contains Damas' arrangements of Marta and Norma; splitted here.
Leipzig: Schuberth, n.d. Plate 2290.
New York: Carl Fischer, 1912. Plate 12096.
London: Chappell, n.d. Plate 5699.
London: Duncan Davison & Co., 1863. Plate 1267.


A Happy Healthy Mummy: Bendy, stretchy children for summer!
If you have kids, you'll have noticed how they can't sit still. And how they like to use the living room as an assault course. While keeping active is to be encouraged it can be a little disconcerting when you see your little ones springboard off the sofa. Bumped heads and worse are every parents' nightmare - and a trip to A&E pretty low down on the list of ways you want to spend your summer holidays. But if you want to keep them active without any injuries, what's the solution?
My girls both attend a ballet school - and take part in an 'acro' lesson each week. Since I'm about as flexible as a Reebok Step, I truly have no idea how to help them maintain their flexibility and balance safely in-between class. Which is why I loved getting my hands on the 'Head over heels about...Gymnastics' book by Head Coach Gemma Coles. It's a cardboard, spiral-bound, flip chart kinda book - divided into sections, with stacks of clear images and lots of 'how-to' tips and insider info.
The guidebook starts with warm-up stretches, and through its 36 pages, goes on to demonstrate posture and 'shapes' and takes budding gymnasts through jumps, skills (like cartwheels), rolls and leaps. Finally it puts together a few routines to try out and provides a judging sheet to record development. For an idea of the layout of the book - and a sample of the warm ups click here.
Let's hope it doesn't start raining again!
The guide certainly sounds useful. My kids are a teensy bit young for proper gymnastics but my little girl is certainly getting more adventurous. I also share the 'how do you make sure they don't snap on two' concern watching her at times. I'm sure a helpful guide would come in handy in the coming months.
Glad I'm not the only paranoid mum out there!!!! Thanks for commenting.
Looks like a fun book - like the easy-to-understand picture instructions too! My son would probably enjoy this! A good idea.


In case you are coming into this info on behalf of A different unique, you signify you are legally licensed to deliver consent on behalf of that unique.
[fourteen] It is crucial to grasp, nonetheless, that it's the air tension, rather than the motion of your air, that prevents the apneas. In the event the device is turned on, but previous to the mask being put on The pinnacle, a move of air comes from the mask. Once the mask is put on The top, it is actually sealed to your facial area along with the air stops flowing. At this stage, it is only the air force that accomplishes the desired final result. This has the extra advantage of minimizing or reducing the extremely loud snoring that occasionally accompanies sleep apnea.


text:
module ReturnHook
  module FormTagHelper
    private
    # This method overrides the rails built in form helper's action setting code
    # to inject a return path
    def html_options_for_form(url_for_options, options)
      options.stringify_keys.tap do |html_options|
        html_options["enctype"] = "multipart/form-data" if html_options.delete("multipart")
        # The following URL is unescaped, this is just a hash of options, and it is the
        # responsibility of the caller to escape all the values.

        ## OVERRIDDEN HERE:
        html_options["action"] = forward_return_hook(url_for(url_for_options))

        html_options["accept-charset"] = "UTF-8"

        html_options["data-remote"] = true if html_options.delete("remote")

        if html_options["data-remote"] &&
           !embed_authenticity_token_in_remote_forms &&
           html_options["authenticity_token"].blank?
          # The authenticity token is taken from the meta tag in this case
          html_options["authenticity_token"] = false
        elsif html_options["authenticity_token"] == true
          # Include the default authenticity_token, which is only generated when its set to nil,
          # but we needed the true value to override the default of no authenticity_token on data-remote.
          html_options["authenticity_token"] = nil
        end
      end
    end
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Home » » General Escobedo, Nuevo León: Police Discover Extermination Camp Linked To Comandante Cano
General Escobedo, Nuevo León: Police Discover Extermination Camp Linked To Comandante Cano
Video translation is as follows:
About 520 meters away from the Municipal Palace, one of the largest clandestine graves that has been recently found in the metropolitan area is located. The site, an abandoned property surrounded by weeds and irregular dwellings has been occupied since a week ago by an army of ministerial agents seeking traces of buried corpses.
The bodies found are still in the process of identification. These people had been allegedly murdered by orders of Alan Ervey also known as Cano or Commander Cano. Authorities have identified him as being a member of the Sinaloa cartel. He was arrested on January 18 by the Attorney General's Office in the municipality of Guadalupe.
So far 10 bodies have been found on the site. The Attorney General the State assembled an operations camp in this place. The terrain of about 5 hectares has been searched since January 25. Holes, earth removed, or heaps of dirt are being analyzed by agents.
On the road to San José de los Sauces, which is a dirt road, 2 companies are located there. Along with at least 20 irregular and dispersed homes. Among them is located a warehouse or tractor trailer motor pool in which people were allegedly murdered and afterwards buried in shallow holes.
Located about 200 meters away in distance is the Los Rosales soccer field. This site adjoins the Rio Pesquería and is full of small garbage debris. Currently police work is far from over. And the site can still have more victims of organized crime.
Grupo Reforma
Mexico has definitely turned into a country of killing fields like Cambodia.
Mrhotdog February 3, 2022 at 1:28 PM
Mexico is a shot hole country. Worst than Syria, Afghanistan, Iraq, Iran and Somalia and Yemen. Those are places to avoid early withdrawal from earth
Did you forget Saudi Arabia? Saudi Arabia and Yemen are among the worst. Iran isn't bad at all.
Mr. Wiener dog your blaming all of Mexico and it's people that it's no good, in your brain all of Mexico is bad. Well I say go eat your wiener.
Not known February 3, 2022 at 3:55 PM
They killed a mother and her under age daughter in veracruz. In guanajuato like 17 minors have disappeared in 2 days. Mexico is a shithole.
That hotdog wieriner I talking smack.
Mrhotdog February 4, 2022 at 12:19 PM
I guarantee you Of all country Mexico has the highest murder rate per year for the last 10 yrs. That's not including unaccounted missing people in Mexico. And tell me if you are proud of that.
Mexicos problem can also blame American for that since Americans heavily into drugs.
No wonder everyone is running to Texas especially the rich and some establish she'll companies like coffee shops ? Give me a break? Despistala.? Puro.money laundromats.IRS watching you.
Sinaloa Cartel is en Nuevo Leon? Didn't know that. Are they fighting for plazas or been there a long time?
I'm no expert like all you.
They're allied to the Independent Cartel of Nuevo Leon.
ElGrandeRojo February 3, 2022 at 8:59 PM
Rumors say that CDN and CDS are cliqueing up in Nuevo Laredo, and Nuevo Leon to compete with the CDG/CJNG alliance. Gonna keep getting ugly. CDS needs border routes.
Billy Jean February 3, 2022 at 11:50 PM
Cds has been supplying fetty and glass to Cdn for support in Zac it's a win win for both Cdn is making big 💰 already crossing thru NL how you think they financing the intrusion on la frontera chica CanCun and Morelos
toppz462 February 4, 2022 at 11:23 AM
What the hell kinda Hispanic name is Alan??
I ask myself too what type of call is this
"Big nuts truther"
Does not even make sense
He is really called...
"Little nuts truther".
There are evil men who are motivated by demons. Mexico is not a sh!t hole. It's a beautiful country with mostly God fearing people. Great food. Great culture.It is tragic this evil has painted the entire country as a $h!t hole.


Recent Posts. Anushasan essay in sanskrit; news · News · Hello world! Recent Comments. Archives. October 2017 · November 2016 · April 2016. Categories. category · Uncategorized. Meta. Log in · Entries RSS · Comments RSS · WordPress.org. Home; Privacy; Sitemap; Terms & Conditions.


Looking for a parking space for sale in Belgium? Find the parking space of your dreams for sale with our city search directory. Select the province in which you want to find a parking space for sale. For fast browsing, also refer to the top 5 of cities with the most parking spaces for sale.
Information on the top 5 cities per province in Belgium with the largest figure of parking spaces for sale were generated on 2019-04-21 at 06:24.


Bolo Bhi has filed Right to Information (RTI) requests to inquire about surveillance and web filtering equipment reportedly acquired by the Government of Pakistan. The RTI seeks information regarding specific laws under which surveillance & filtering equipment has been acquired. We have asked for information such as purchase orders, cost of equipment, gazette notifications, and takedown procedures.
Specifically, the requests seek an official response on the alleged presence of Finfisher, a digital surveillance software, and Netsweeper, a URL filtration system as reported by the Toronto-based Citizen Lab (there has been no official confirmation or denial so far by the government). According to media reports, the Netsweeper system that the government has installed costs millions of dollars. Bolo Bhi has also written to the Canadian Government about Canada based company Netsweeper that has reportedly sold filtration equipment to Pakistan, and we are currently in correspondence with them too.
(1) Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, and subject to the provisions of this Ordinance, no requester shall be denied access to any official record other than exemptions as provided in section 15.
Apart from it being the citizens right to know, it is also important to note that web filtration systems affect internet connectivity and speed, and speech, access and privacy rights. Such equipment has, and can be used by the government to suppress social and political speech. Further, surveillance systems invade the privacy of citizens. In the past, various agencies have been known to tap phones and emails of political leaders, including Members of National Assembly.
Bolo Bhi has filed this complaint because the Government of Pakistan, as a democratically-elected government, must practice transparency and be accountable to its citizens. Any steps the government takes that directly impact citizens and are paid for by the taxpayers' money, need to be public knowledge.


Does our Horse Rearing look familiar?
If you're a fan of F1, you're sure to instantly recognise our Horse Rearing as a replica of the famous Prancing Horse!
The famous symbol of the Ferrari race team is the Cavallino Rampante ("prancing horse") black prancing stallion on a yellow shield, usually with the letters S F (for Scuderia Ferrari), with three stripes of green, white and red at the top. The road cars have a rectangular badge on the hood, and, optionally, the shield-shaped race logo on the sides of both front wings, close to the door.
All our life-size models are the perfect addition to your themed areas, zoos, theme parks, crazy golf course or to promote your business.
These eye-catching displays are a real attention grabber and are sure to garner interest and attention which make them fantastic to use as advertisements. All products come with amazingly realistic features with high quality finish and detail. They are also superbly robust and durable with a water proof construction from Resin and Fibreglass which makes them suitable for indoor and outdoor use.
Take a look and be inspired by our huge range of amazing life-like products. There are over 500+ various types of quirky and innovative stock to browse through.
ALBAshed are constantly coming up with new and exciting products and designs and will most definitely have something that you are looking for.
To deliver, ALBAshed uses Pallet courier for delivery of larger items to most central postcodes or Parcel Force for smaller items. Please inquire for a quote as we ship worldwide, although costs do vary. Of course, you are welcome to come and collect your masterpiece from us for free.
If you would like more information about any of our products or any other matter, please do not hesitate to contact us!


Visit the lookup of a Baby Kougra under 59 days old. If you know of any baby Kougras under 59 days old, please submit their names to us so we can list them!
Please inform us if these pets are no longer eligible to give the avatar.


Houston's award season is here! And this year, 12 Axiom projects have been selected as finalists in the 2017 American Marketing Association (AMA) Houston Crystal Awards.
Axiom's work has been recognized across 9 different categories, ranging from print and digital, to branding and marketing research. See the full list of project finalists below.
For an inside look into the award ceremony, follow us on Facebook and Twitter and Instagram.
The AMA Houston chapter is recognized as the largest in the nation—as well as one of the most competitive—with national marketing professionals serving as jury members. To be nominated, firms must submit an essay addressing five criteria: situation/challenges; objectives; strategy/tactics; message alignment; and results. For this award show, measurable and impactful results are key to winning a coveted Crystal Award.
The award gala will be held on May 11th at the Bayou City Event Center, where the Axiom team, along with Houston's most accomplished marketing and communication firms, will gather to celebrate the year's most influential work.


text:
from __future__ import print_function
from setuptools import setup, find_packages
from setuptools.command.test import test as TestCommand
import io
import os
import sys

here = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))

def read(*filenames, **kwargs):
    encoding = kwargs.get('encoding', 'utf-8')
    sep = kwargs.get('sep', '\n')
    buf = []
    for filename in filenames:
        with io.open(filename, encoding=encoding) as f:
            buf.append(f.read())
    return sep.join(buf)

long_description = read('README.md')

class PyTest(TestCommand):
    def finalize_options(self):
        TestCommand.finalize_options(self)
        self.test_args = []
        self.test_suite = True

    def run_tests(self):
        import pytest
        errcode = pytest.main(self.test_args)
        sys.exit(errcode)

setup(
    name='xcessiv',
    version='0.5.1',
    url='https://github.com/reiinakano/xcessiv',
    license='Apache License 2.0',
    author='Reiichiro Nakano',
    tests_require=['pytest'],
    install_requires=[
        'bayesian-optimization',
        'Flask>=0.11.0',
        'gevent>=1.1.0',
        'numpy>=1.12.0',
        'redis>=2.10.0',
        'rq>=0.7.0',
        'scikit-learn>=0.18.0',
        'scipy>=0.18.0',
        'six>=1.10.0',
        'SQLAlchemy>=1.1.0',
        'TPOT>=0.8'
    ],
    cmdclass={'test': PyTest},
    author_email='reiichiro.s.nakano@gmail.com',
    description='A web-based application for quick and '
                'scalable construction of massive machine learning ensembles.',
    long_description=long_description,
    packages=find_packages(),
    include_package_data=True,
    platforms='any',
    test_suite='xcessiv.tests',
    classifiers = [
        'Programming Language :: Python',
        'Programming Language :: Python :: 2',
        'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7',
        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3',
        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5',
        'Programming Language :: JavaScript',
        'Natural Language :: English',
        'Intended Audience :: Developers',
        'Intended Audience :: Science/Research',
        'License :: OSI Approved :: Apache Software License',
        'Operating System :: Unix',
        'Topic :: Scientific/Engineering :: Artificial Intelligence',
        ],
    extras_require={
        'testing': ['pytest'],
    },
    entry_points={
        'console_scripts': [
            'xcessiv = xcessiv.scripts.runapp:main'
        ]
    }
)


10 Cal Bike or Row Sprint!
Finish an Entire Round before switching for part 1!
Part 2 you may split however you like!
6 x 4 Bench Press: 3 sec 'negative' (down) 1 sec 'pause' (at your chest) 1 sec UP!
(Kind of like a "hang SDHP." Aim for a weight you get 15-20 reps with.
Just More Awesome Sunday SWEAT!


text:
To check for dependency updates run **dependency update.bat**

Currently all updates are done manually and the new dependency versions are shown as below.

```
  The following dependencies are using the latest milestone version:
   - com.android.support:appcompat-v7:28.0.0-rc01
   - com.android.support:cardview-v7:28.0.0-rc01
   - com.android.support:design:28.0.0-rc01
   - com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:28.0.0-rc01
   - com.android.support:support-v4:28.0.0-rc01

  The following dependencies have later milestone versions:
   - com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout [1.1.2 -> 2.0.0-alpha2]
       http://tools.android.com
   - com.android.tools.lint:lint-gradle [26.1.4 -> 26.3.0-alpha05]
       https://developer.android.com/studio

  Gradle updates:
   - Gradle: [4.9 -> 4.10-rc-1]
```

To customise the output, edit **dependency update.bat**

- Current config:
```
  call ./gradlew dependencyUpdates
  pause
```

- Example config change:
```
  call ./gradlew dependencyUpdates -Drevision=release -DoutputFormatter=json
  pause
```

For more options visit https://github.com/ben-manes/gradle-versions-plugin

## Firebase and Maps API setup
To build and successfully run this app you will need to set it up with Firebase and the Google Maps API.

- Firebase:
  - Create a new project on Firebase and download the **google-services.json** file
  - Place this file in **/GeoShare_Android/mobile**

- Maps Api
  - Enable the Maps API on Google Cloud Platform and set up an Android key
  - Create a new resouce file in Android Studio, place it in **/res/values** and call it api.xml
  - Paste the API key from Google Cloud into a new entry in this file. The end result should look like this

  ```xml
    <resources>
      <string name="api_key">api_key_goes_here</string>
    </resources>
  ```


text:
Argument: The Catholic Church has long opposed the death penalty
Revision as of 17:21, 22 April 2010; Lenkahabetinova (Talk | contribs)
Debate: Death penalty
"A Culture of Life and the Death Penalty, A Statement of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops Calling for an End to the Death Penalty". 2005. - While complex, the teaching of the Universal Church is clear. It has developed over time and has been taught most powerfully in the words and witness of Pope John Paul II. Catholic teaching on the death penalty is clearly articulated in the encyclical The Gospel of Life, the Catechism of the Catholic Church, and the Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church. In Catholic teaching the state has the recourse to impose the death penalty upon criminals convicted of heinous crimes if this ultimate sanction is the only available means to protect society from a grave threat to human life. However, this right should not be exercised when other ways are available to punish criminals and to protect society that are more respectful of human life (ie. life without parole).
Catholic New Servic. "Church opposes abortion, death penalty -- but experts see difference". 2004 - Regarding capital punishment, [the Catholic Church] says that in today's world 'the cases in which the execution of the offender is an absolute necessity 'are very rare, if not practically nonexistent.' The quote within the quote is from Pope John Paul II's 1995 encyclical, 'The Gospel of Life'. Both teachings originated early in church history, with opposition to capital punishment growing stronger in the 1990s under the current pope, said Dominican Father Kevin O'Rourke, bioethics professor at Loyola University in Chicago. 'Pope John Paul II has developed it more firmly to where it is almost never justified,' he said.
Washington State Catholic Conference, "A Call for the Abolition of the Death Penalty", 2005 - Even in the fifth century, teachers like St. Augustine cautioned that executions were a last resort saying, '…our desire is rather that justice be satisfied without the taking of lives.'
Retrieved from "http://www.dbp.idebate.org/en/index.php/Argument:_The_Catholic_Church_has_long_opposed_the_death_penalty"


text:
Spatial distribution of the sibling species of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (Diptera: Culicidae) and malaria prevalence in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Amawulu Ebenezer1,2,
Aline Edith Mekeu Noutcha1,
Peter I Agi1,
Samuel N Okiwelu1 &
Thomas Commander3
Much of the confusing ecophenotypic plasticity of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato is attributable to the differential biological traits of the sibling species, with their heterogeneous geographical distribution, behavioral dissimilarities and divergent population dynamics. These differences are critical to their roles in malaria transmission. Studies were, therefore, undertaken on the spatial distribution of these species and malaria prevalence rates in Bayelsa State, September, 2008-August 2010.
Mosquito sampling was in 7 towns/villages in 7 Local Government Areas (LGAs) in 3 eco-vegetational zones: Fresh Water Swamp Forest (FWSF): Sagbama, Yenagoa, Kolokuma-Opokuma LGAs; Brackish Water Swamp Forest (BWSF): Ogbia, Ekeremor, Southern Ijaw LGAs; Mangrove Water Forest (MWF): Nembe LGA. Adults were collected twice quarterly by the Pyrethrum Spray Catch (PSC) technique. Anopheles was separated morphologically and the sibling species PCR- identified. Simultaneously, malaria prevalence rates were calculated from data obtained by the examination of blood smears from consenting individuals at hospitals/clinics.
An. gambiae s.s. was dominant across the 3-eco-vegetational zones. Spatial distribution analyses by cell count and nearest neighbor techniques indicated a tendency to clustering of species. An. gambiae s.s. and An. arabiensis clustered in Ekeremor LGA while these 2 species and An. melas aggregated in Nembe. The gonotrophic (physiological) status examination revealed that 34.3, 23.5, 23.1 and 18.4% of the population were fed, unfed, gravid and half gravid respectively. The highest malaria prevalence rates were obtained at Kolokuma-Opokuma and Nembe LGAs. Variation in prevalence rates among LGAs was significant (t = 5.976, df = 6, p-value = 0.002, p < 0.05). The highest prevalence rate was in the age group, 30-39 yrs, while the lowest prevalence was in the 0-9 yrs group.
High malaria prevalence rates were associated with An. gambiae s.s. either in allopatry or sympatry across eco-vegetational zones. In areas where the sibling species clustered, they probably formed nidi for transmission. Socio-economic conditions might have contributed to reduced prevalence in Yenagoa, State Capital.
Much of the confusing eco-phenotypic plasticity of An. gambiae s.l. is the differential biological traits of the sibling species, their heterogeneous geographical distributions, behavioral dissimilarities and divergent population dynamics [1]. These differences are critical to the transmission of malaria in different zones of Nigeria [2–5]. Human malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites and transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes. In Africa, the most efficient vectors are the Anopheles gambiae complex and Anopheles funestus group. An. gambiae is a complex of seven sibling species varying in their vectorial ability and ecological niche [6, 7]. The sibling species are: the Freshwater An. gambiae s.s., An. arabiensis, An. quadrianulatus A, An. quadrianulatus B; the salt water-breeding An. melas and An. merus, and An. bwambae found in hot springs in Uganda. The differences in the biology of the sibling species of An. gambiae s.l. have highlighted the need for mapping their spatial distribution and malaria prevalence patterns in order to enhance effective implementation of integrated control approaches [8]. Maps have been produced at continental and sub-regional scales [9]. The present study is aimed at developing a GIS- based overlay on the spatial patterns of PCR-identified sibling species of An. gambiae complex and Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
The study was conducted in 7 Local Government Areas (LGAs), Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Bayelsa State is located (5°22′E, 6°45′E and 4°15′N, 5°23′N) in the lower Delta plain formed during the Holocene of the quaternary period by the accumulation of sedimentary deposits [10]. The vegetation comprises three eco-vegetational zones: fresh water swamp forest, brackish water swamp forest and mangrove coastal water forest. The topography of study area is characterized by a maze of creeks and swamps criss-crossing the low-lying plain. The study LGAs were Yenagoa (4°53′N and 5°17′E), Sagbama (5°09′N and 6°14′E), Kolokuma-Opokuma (5°09′N and 6°14′E) in the fresh water swamp forest; Ogbia (4°53′N, 6°22′E), Southern Ijaw (4°07′N, 6°08′E) Ekeremor (5°02′N and 5°48′E) in the brackish water swamp forest and Nembe (4°27′N and 6°26′E) in the mangrove coastal water forest. All LGAs were rural, with the exception of semi-urban Yenagoa, the State capital. Many houses had traditional architectural design with mud walls and thatched roofs while few were built with blocks and roofed with corrugated iron sheets. The major occupations of the people were fishing, farming and petty trading.
Ethical consideration
Before the commencement of the study, consent was obtained from the Ministry of Health, Bayelsa State, through the Primary Health Care (PHC) department, the village and household heads.
Sampling of the study population involved successive selection of new participants who presented at the Out-Patient Department of the 7 selected General Hospitals/ Clinics (Okolobiri, Olobiri, Sagbama, Amasoma, Ekeremor, and Kaiama) in each LGA until a sample size as described in Daniel [11] was obtained. These were individuals of all ages who had lived for at least 6 months and planned to stay for a further 6 months in the study areas. A total of 6321 individuals presented at the hospital, September, 2008- August, 2010.
Blood sample collection
EDTA bottles were labeled following entry into the routine register with data on sex, occupation, and location of participants. A 2 ml-volume of intravenous blood was collected from each individual and transferred to a labeled EDTA bottle. Grease-free slides were labeled using patients' details from the EDTA bottles. An aliquot of the blood was measured with a 1 ml-micropipette and dropped on a labeled slide to prepare thick and thin blood films following WHO standard procedures [12]. Preparations were air-dried and fixed with methanol for 30 seconds then stained with 4% Giemsa in phosphate buffer (7.2) for 30 minutes. Microscopy was used to examine the smears for the presence of malaria parasites under X1000 objective (Olympus, Japan) in oil immersion. Preliminary examination was carried out at the hospital where the blood was collected. The presence of malaria parasites in sexual and asexual stages was considered a positive diagnosis. The second and third examinations were at The Parasitology Research Laboratory, Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, University of Port Harcourt for quality assurance. Slides were reported as negative for malaria parasites after examining at least 50 fields and no parasites were detected. Prevalence rates were calculated.
Mosquito collection
Collection of mosquitoes was undertaken in 7 villages/towns in the 7 LGAs. Their co-ordinates were obtained by geographic positioning system (GPS). The villages were randomly selected based on accessibility and availability of supporting staff. Selection of houses was based on their similarity in architectural designs. Six houses were used in each town/ village; these houses were utilized throughout the study. There were 1–2 rooms in each house.
Adult mosquitoes were collected by the Pyrethrum Spray Catch (PSC) method [13]), 0600-0730 hrs twice in each quarter, September, 2008- August, 2010. Selected rooms had at least one person sleeping overnight. Prior to spraying, the floors were covered with clean white sheets, outlets were closed and pyrethroid sprayed; the sheets were removed 15 min post-spray. Knocked down mosquitoes were picked up with pointed tip forceps and placed in labeled plastic cups. The gonotrophic (physiological) stages were determined as per WHO [14] and Noutcha and Anumudu [4]. Based on abdominal conditions, they were grouped as: unfed, fed, half gravid and gravid. Unfed females had a dark and flattened abdomen; fed had a dark red abdomen with blood occupying most of the abdomen; in half gravid, blood occupied only 3–4 segments of the ventral surface and 6–7 segments of the dorsal surface of the abdomen; in gravid females, most blood was digested and the abdomen was whitish and distended. Subsequently, the mosquitoes were taken to the laboratory for morphological identification using keys by Gilles and de Meillon [15]. An. gambiae s.l. adults were preserved dried in Eppendorf tubes containing desiccated silica gel for molecular characterization.
PCR- Identification of the members of an. gambiae complex
Extraction method had been extensively discussed [16].
Map processes
A scanned administrative map (1:500.000) of the State was geo-referenced and digitized using Arc View GIS software (version 3.29 ESRI CA, USA) [17, 18]. Separate layers were created for the Plasmodium falciparum malaria prevalence rates and PCR- identified An. gambiae complex from each site. Spatial maps were displayed and classified using a specific identifier of Arc View Spatial Extension [13].
Spatial analyses
The cell count and K-nearest neighbor analyses in Dave and Uriel [19] were adapted to describe the spatial distribution patterns. The, Mean Variance Ratio (MVA) and near-neighbor (Rn) values were calculated. When MVA or Rn was <1, the spatial pattern is described as clustered (aggregated); when they are equal to 1, the spatial pattern is random and when it is >1, the spatial pattern is even (uniform).
Five culicid species (Culex quinquefasciatus (46.5%), Anopheles gambiae s.l. (31.3%), Aedes aegypti (13.8%), Anopheles funestus (6.1%) Anopheles nili (2.3%) were identified during the survey. Differences in species abundance were significant (F = 21.64; df = 4, p-value = 0.00, p < 0.05).
Species composition of An. gambiae complex
Three species (Anopheles gambiae s.s., An. arabiensis, An. melas) were identified. An. gambiae s.s. was dominant across eco-vegetational zones. Detailed data appear in Ebenezer et al.[16].
Spatial distribution of An. gambiae complex and P. falciparum
The spatial patterns of An. gambiae sibling species across the study locations showed a tendency to clustering or aggregation (MVA = 0.57, Rn = 0.57) (Table 1). An. gambiae s.s. and An. arabiensis were sympatric in Ekeremor, while the 3 species (including An. melas) were sympatric in Nembe (Figure 1). The gonotrophic (physiological) status examination revealed that 34.3, 23.5, 23.1 and 18.4% of the population were fed, unfed, gravid and half gravid respectively. The highest malaria prevalence rates were obtained at Kolokuma-Opokuma and Nembe LGAs and least in Yenagoa LGA (Table 2). Variation in prevalence rates among the LGAs was significant (t = 5.976, df = 6, p-value = 0.002, p < 0.05). Classifications of the P. falciparum-malaria endemicity were: Hypoendemic (PR ≤ 10 < 40%) in Yenagoa, Ekeremor Sagbama and Ogbia LGAs; Mesoendemic (PR ≥ 40% ≤50%) in Southern Ijaw LGA and Hyperendemic (PR > 50%) in Nembe and Kolokuma-Opokuma LGAs (Figure 2). The highest prevalence rate was recorded in the 30-39 yrs age group, and the lowest prevalence was recorded in the 0-9 yrs group (Table 3).
Table 1 Summary of nearest neighbour analysis
Spatial distribution of Anopheles gambiae sibling species across LGAs.
Table 2 Malaria prevalence rates in study LGAs
Spatial distribution of Falciparum - malaria prevalence rates across LGAS.
Table 3 Age-specific prevalence rates of malaria infection, 2008-2010
The clustered spatial patterns among the An gambiae sibling species were similar to results obtained by Sogoba et al.[20] and probably reflected variation in the favorability of the environment [21]. Sympatric occurrence of the An. gambiae complex had been documented [5]. These clusters may serve as nidi of transmission; they may also serve as refugia, where pathogens, vectors and hosts persist during unfavorable periods [22]. The Anopheles gambiae s.l. population was virile, with approximately 35% fed and about 40% half gravid or gravid.
Breman [23] provided a list of intrinsic and extrinsic determinants of the malaria burden. The intrinsic factors include: host genetic susceptibility and host immunological status. The extrinsic factors are: parasite species, mosquito species and environmental conditions. Environmental conditions are climatic conditions, and availability of breeding sites. The socio-economic component consists of education, social, behavioural, political and economic status of host populations. Parasite and host populations were apparently not responsible for the variation in malaria prevalence across the State. There were no differences in species of parasites. It was unlikely that genetic susceptibility and immunological status of human hosts varied significantly across the ecovegetational zones and the semi urban/rural divide in the State. Warm temperature, high rainfall and humidity were pervasive across the State; breeding sites were also available because adults were collected throughout the year.
The low malaria prevalence rates in Yenagoa LGA, the State capital and the only semi-urban location in the study area was probably due to the higher living standard (better housing, knowledge of disease, community participation in malaria prevention and control) [24, 25]. One of the factors that might have contributed to the high prevalence rates in Nembe LGA, might be attributable to the clusters of the 3 sympatric An. gambiae sibling species that formed nidi for transmission [22]. The high prevalence rates in Kolokuma-Opokuma, where An. gambiae s.s. was abundant and allopatric could be attributed to the high density and vectorial competence of the efficient An. gambiae s.s. as a malaria vector [1, 6, 16, 20, 26]. This efficiency may also explain the relatively high prevalence rates in Sagbama and in the area of Southern Ijaw LGA, contiguous with Sagbama where An. gambiae s.s. was allopatric. Although the literature indicates that annual deaths from malaria are mainly in infants and young children [27, 28]; these results show the highest prevalence rate in the 30-39 yrs age group. It is apparent that the source and composition of sample populations have a significant impact on the pattern of malaria prevalence rates across age groups.
High malaria prevalence rates were associated with An. gambiae s.s. either in allopatry or sympatry across eco-vegetational zones. In areas where the sibling species clustered, they probably formed nidi for transmission. Socio-economic conditions might have contributed to reduced transmission in Yenagoa, State Capital.
White GB: Anopheles gambiae complex and disease transmission in Africa. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1974, 68: 278-298. 10.1016/0035-9203(74)90035-2.
Samdi IM, Anyanwu GI, Molta NB, Awolola TS, Oduola AO, Obansa J, Watula IM, Oguche S: Determination of malaria vectorial status of Anopheles mosquitoes of the Sahel, North-Eastern Nigeria. J Life Env Sc. 2006, 8 (1): 442-448.
Oyewole O, Adejoke C, Oduola AA, Judith BO, Awolola TS: Molecular identification and population dynamics of the major vectors in a rain forest zone of Nigeria. Biokemistri. 2005, 17 (2): 171-178.
Noutcha MAE, Anumudu CI: Entomological indices of Anopheles gambie s.l. at a rural community in Southeast Nigeria. J Vector Borne Dis. 2009, 45: 43-51.
Oduola AO, Otubanjo JH, Olojede JB, Oyewole IO, Awolola TS: Malaria transmission risk indices of three Anopheles species in selected rural communities in Oyo State South-West Nigeria. Int J Trop Med. 2012, 7 (1): 42-48. 10.3923/ijtmed.2012.42.48.
Coetzee M, Craig M, Le Sueur D: Distribution of African malaria mosquitoes belonging to the Anopheles gambiae complex. Parasitol Today. 2000, 16: 74-77. 10.1016/S0169-4758(99)01563-X.
Coluzzi M, Sabatini A, della Torre A, Di Deco MA, Petrarca V: A polythene chromosome analysis of Anopheles gambiae complex. Science. 2002, 298: 1415-1418. 10.1126/science.1077769.
Touré YT, Oduola AM, Morel CM: The Anopheles gambiae genome. Next steps for malaria vector control. Trends in Parasitol. 2004, 439: 576-579.
Levine RS, Peterson AT, Benedict MO: Geographic and ecological distributions of the Anopheles gambiae complex predicted using a genetic algorithm. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2004, 70: 105-109.
Alagoa EJ: The land and people of Bayelsa State Central Niger Delta. 1999, Port Harcourt, Nigeria: Onyema Research Publications, 167-
Daniel WW: Practical issues in calculating the sample size for prevalence studies. In Naing WT and Rusli BN. Medical Statistics. 2006, 1: 9-10.
World Health Organisation: World Report of Tropical Diseases. 1990, Geneva: World Health Organisation feature. No 139
World Health Organization: Vector control for malaria and other mosquito-borne diseases. 1995, Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Technical Report series 857, World Health Organization
World Health Organization: GIS and Public Health Mapping. 2003, World Health Organization, http://www.who.int. Accessed 19 July, 2013
Gillies MT, De-Meillon B: Anohelina e of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian Zoographical Region) publ. South Afr Inst Med Res. 1968, 54: 37-41.
Ebenezer A, Okiwelu SN, Agi PI, Noutcha MAE, Awolola TS, Oduola AO: Species composition of the Anopheles gambiae complex across eco-vegetational zones in Bayelsa State, Niger Delta region, Nigeria. J Vector Borne Dis. 2012, 49: 164-167.
Martin C, Curtis B, Fraser C, Sharp B: The use of a GIS-based malaria research and control in South Africa. Health and Place. 2002, 8: 221-236. 10.1016/S1353-8292(01)00036-3.
Ekpo UF, Mafiana CF, Adeofun CO, Solarin ARJ, Idowu AB: Geographic Information System (GIS) and risk maps of urinary schistosomiasis in Ogun State, Nigeria. Nig J Parasitol. 1998, 28 (1): 42-49.
Dave DE, Uriel K: Spatial and temporal pattern of imported malaria cases and local transmission in Trinidad. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1999, 61 (1): 513-517.
Sogboba N, Vounatson P, Bagayoko MM, Doumbia S, Dolo G, Gosonu G, Traoré SF, Touré YT, Smith T: The spatial distribution of Anopheles gambiae stricto sensu and An. arabiensis (Diptera. Culicidae) in Mali. Geospat Health. 2007, 2: 43-22.
Mboera LEG, Seukoro KP, Mayala BK, Rumisha SF, Rivegoshora RT, Mlozi MRS, Shaya E: Spato-temporal variation in malaria transmission intensity in five agro- ecosystem in Mvomero district, Tanzania. Geospat Health. 2010, 4 (2): 167-178.
Reisen WK: Landscape epidemiology of vector-borne diseases. Ann Rev Entomol. 2010, 55: 461-483. 10.1146/annurev-ento-112408-085419.
Breman JG: The ears of the hippopotamus: manifestations, determinants and estimates of the malaria burden. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2001, 64 (1): 1-11.
Gamage-Mendis AC, Carter R, Mendis C, De Zoysa AP, Harath PR, Mendis KN: Clustering of malaria infections within an endemic population: risk of malaria associated with type of house construction. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1991, 45: 77-85.
Yazuome Y, Hoshen M, Louis V, Seraphin S, Traore I, Saurerborn R: Housing conditions and Plasmodium falciparum infections: protective effect of iron-sheet roofed houses. Malar J. 2006, 5: 8-14. 10.1186/1475-2875-5-8.
Gempeli A, Vounatson P, Sogoba N, Smith T: Malaria mapping using transmission models, application to survey data from Mali. Am J Epidemiol. 2006, 163: 289-297.
Cattani J, Davison D, Engers H: Malaria in tropical disease research: Progress. 1991–1992. Pp 15–27. 1993, Geneva: WHO, 134-
Collins FH, Paskewitz SM: Malaria: current and future prospects for control. Ann Rev Entomol. 1995, 40: 295-219.
The collaboration of communities at study towns and villages is gratefully acknowledged.
Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, University of Port-Harcourt, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
Amawulu Ebenezer, Aline Edith Mekeu Noutcha, Peter I Agi & Samuel N Okiwelu
Department of Biology, Isaac Jasper Boro College of Education, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Amawulu Ebenezer
Department of Biological Sciences, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Thomas Commander
Aline Edith Mekeu Noutcha
Peter I Agi
Samuel N Okiwelu
Correspondence to Samuel N Okiwelu.
AE was the doctoral student responsible for the fieldwork and laboratory analyses. MAEN designed the molecular component of the doctoral proposal and supervised the morphological identification of Anopheles gambiae s.l. PIA was the Co-Supervisor of AE's doctoral project. SNO was the Principal Supervisor of AE's doctoral project and corresponding author. TC facilitated field collections at the communities in Bayelsa State. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
Ebenezer, A., Noutcha, A.E.M., Agi, P.I. et al. Spatial distribution of the sibling species of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (Diptera: Culicidae) and malaria prevalence in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Parasites Vectors 7, 32 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-7-32
An. gambiae s.l
Sibling species
Malaria prevalence
Bayelsa- State


Image Title: Bar Stool Height Chairs 23253 Pertaining To Popular Property Bar Height Stool Remodel. Filename: bar-stool-height-chairs-23253-pertaining-to-popular-property-bar-height-stool-remodel.jpg. Image Dimension: 585 x 329 pixels. Images Format: jpg/jpeg. Publisher/Author: Giles Orn. Uploaded Date: Monday - January 21st. 2019 02:49:09 AM. Category: Inspired. Image Source: houseandgarden.co.uk.
Tap The Thumbnail Bellow to See Related Gallery of "Bar Stool Height Chairs 23253 Pertaining To Popular Property Bar Height Stool Remodel"