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Cannabis 101 // January 26, 2021 // UrbanAroma Staff
How Does Cannabis Affect Dopamine?
Healers have recommended cannabis in one form or another for many reasons for thousands of years. It's long been used as a medicinal plant, but in the last century its usage was made illegal. The US Congress passed the Controlled Substances Act in 1970, designating cannabis and its derivatives as Schedule I controlled substances. Under US federal law, cannabis cultivation, distribution, sale, and possession are illegal.
The reasons for cannabis being restricted were unconscionably misguided. It is a healing, medicinal plant. However, there are some things to know about how cannabis can affect the body. Here's a look at the effects of cannabis on dopamine.
What Is Dopamine?
Dopamine is a neurotransmitter. It sends signals from the brain to the body and from the body to the brain. It's most commonly associated with your body's reward system. Dopamine makes you feel pleasure with things like food, sex, gambling, and so on. When your body doesn't produce enough dopamine, your ability to feel pleasure is stunted.
Here's how the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) explains it:
THC, acting through cannabinoid receptors, activates the brain's reward system, which includes regions that govern the response to healthy pleasurable behaviors like sex and eating. Like most other drugs of abuse, THC stimulates neurons in the reward system to release the signaling chemical dopamine at levels higher than typically observed in response to natural stimuli. This flood of dopamine contributes to the pleasurable "high" that recreational marijuana users seek.
Obviously, NIDA is not pro-cannabis.
Dopamine from Cannabis Debunked
So what's the real deal? Leafly reports that we know that through cannabinoid receptors, THC does activate the brain's reward system, but it's not likely that it does so by "flooding the brain with dopamine." How do we know this? In contrast to early studies on animals, the evidence is unsupported by studies on humans.
In fact, numerous human studies suggest that at best, consuming cannabis produces only a modest amount of dopamine. While robust evidence suggests stimulants like cocaine and amphetamines do, in fact, trigger a flood of dopamine, the same cannot be said about cannabis.
In 2015, researchers at King's College London conducted a review of every published study — 25 of them, at the time — only to find that in humans, there is "little direct evidence to suggest that cannabis use affects acute striatal dopamine release or affects chronic dopamine receptor status in healthy human volunteers."
To learn more about the research being done on cannabis, check out this great roundup of studies from 2020 published on Leafly:
Improving our understanding of the endocannabinoid system
Legitimizing cannabis for chronic pain treatment
THC doesn't make you lazy
Cannabinoids may treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease
A natural THC-like cannabinoid discovered
We'll continue to bring you news and information about cannabis and science here on Urban Aroma! Stay tuned.


The only downside about working from home now is that I don't leave the village very much. It is too easy just to stay put, especially as most things are at least 30-40 minutes away. So I was very pleased when Highland Quilters in Inverness invited me to give a talk and run some workshops for them.
Luckily the weather improved on Thursday as I set off, so I had a great drive and even managed to go for a short work near Aviemore on route. I also had to have another break as I had forgotten to take shoes with me as I had put on old trainers to take the kids to school. They really were not suitable to be seen!
The talk was appreciated and on the Friday I had the group painting to music, rolling dice and sticking tissue paper. All perfectly normal quilting activities!
In the afternoon, we progressed to fabric, looking at how to recreate our designs with small pieces.
There were some lovely quilt designs as a result of this and one of the group had even managed to start stitching her piece before the next day's workshop!
As the hall Highland Quilters used was near Culloden, I managed a quick visit to the battlefield site after the workshop.
It was very quiet and beautiful and much more atmospheric than my trip to the site of the Battle of Hastings. The wind, the marshes and the lack of sight at points all added to the sense of place.
The second day, I shared my scrap piecing methods and we then painted the quilts with watery fabric paint to pull it all together. After attacking the quilts will hair dryers to speed up drying, we then added details in Markal paintstiks.
I did remember to take photos of this session, including my first ever cheesy shot of all the workshop participants holding their pieces at the end!


Closer to 28th February; Injustice and Strangeness of the Judiciary knows no Boundaries!
The Shabab of Hizb ut Tahrir are repeatedly tested in Prisons!
To the Leaders of the Global Fatwa Index: Hasten and Repent Before It's Too Late!
The Colonialist's Media Refuses to Allow Hizb ut Tahrir to Exercise its Right to Respond to the Lies and Inaccuracies that it Spreads!


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Q: Django - Days of the week (int) isn't rendering a string I have a model in my app that stores the a single day of the week as:

DAYS = (
        (0, 'Monday'),
        (1, 'Tuesday'),
        (2, 'Wednesday'),
        (3, 'Thursday'),
        (4, 'Friday')
    )

day = models.IntegerField(validators=[MaxValueValidator(4), MinValueValidator(0)], blank=True, choices = DAYS)

According to the Django Documentation,:

The first element in each tuple is the actual value to be set on the model, and the second element is the human-readable name

However, that doesn't seem to be the case for me. For instance, in this template here in the same app, when I have something like:
{{q.day}}

This gives me: 1 instead of Tuesday.
I tried some suggestions from SO, including creating your own model, and even considered passing custom functions through Jinja2, though I feel this to be unnecessarily complex. What would be the best way to go about this. Do I not understand the functionality of this clearly?
Note: I want to store the day to be int because my app is running some complex algorithms and I want to just convert it for display purposes.

A: Try:
{{ q.get_day_display }}

(without parenthesis in the template)
https://docs.djangoproject.com/fr/3.1/ref/models/instances/#django.db.models.Model.get_FOO_display

A: When you have a choice in you model field you must use {{object.get_attribut_display}} not {{object.attribut}}.
Don't forget to read documentation carefully.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


4/15/2019 -- Climatewire -- Policy. Science. Business.
Alex Flint sent the email at 5:24 p.m. on a Tuesday, but it had the tone of a middle-of-the-night manifesto. In it, the conservative climate activist attacked one of the biggest barriers to progress on global warming — the continued denial of climate science by key voices on the right.


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Bendigo man finds 624g gold nugget worth $35,000 while walking dog
A Bendigo family were walking their dog Lucky this weekend when they quite literally stumbled on a small fortune lying in the dirt.
Alexis Carey@carey_alexis
news.com.auMay 13, 20195:28pm
MAN FINDS GOLD NUGGETS ON GOLD COAST BEACH
A man has stumbled across three gold nuggets while walking along a Gold Coast beach.
A family were walking their dog on the outskirts of Bendigo when they struck gold. Picture: Google MapsSource:Supplied
A Victorian family have literally struck gold after finding a valuable gold nugget during a Mother's Day outing.
The Bendigo family, who asked to remain anonymous, were walking their dog — fittingly named Lucky — on the outskirts of town on Sunday morning when the daughter kicked something hard lying on the ground.
At first, the father and his two daughters were unsure of what they had found — but it has since been confirmed by experts as a 624 gram gold nugget with an estimated value of at least $35,000.
"I actually walked right past it but my daughter pretty much kicked it as she was walking. She then goes — dad, is this gold? I said, I think it might be," the father told the Bendigo Advertiser.
The nugget was found on the outskirts of Bendigo in Victoria. Picture: Google MapsSource:Supplied
The stunned family first took their find to an IGA supermarket to weigh it, with the rock coming in at 624 grams, or 20 ounces.
The father said he had been informed the nugget would likely be worth more than the $35,000 estimate if it was sold whole, and that he did plan to sell it eventually.
He said the unexpected windfall had come at a crucial time.
"We've come on some tough times so it's really good because we've been struggling financially. It couldn't be better timing really," he told the Bendigo Advertiser.
"Just having it at home, I've been like where do we store it? I haven't been sleeping very well and we think it's best just to sell it."
He said the "really random find" had inspired the family to return to the site and look for more gold lying beneath the surface.
"Usually when you find a nugget that big, there will be more gold around so hopefully that's the case," he told the publication.
However, it's not the first time an Aussie has struck it rich.
Greg Cooke has three gold nuggets he says he found on a Gold Coast Beach — but exactly where is top secret. Picture: Scott FletcherSource:News Corp Australia
Last September, a huge gold nugget worth at least $110,000 was uncovered by a retired prospector in remote Western Australia.
That find weighed in at a hefty 3.23 kilograms and was dubbed "Duck's Foot" because of its unique shape.
And in 2017, Surfers Paradise gold digger Greg Cooke made headlines after finding several gold nuggets on a northern Gold Coast beach over several visits.
In fact, Australia is famous for its treasure trove of gold nuggets, with eight of the world's 10 largest found in the country over the years.
The "Welcome Stranger" nugget, weighing between 2380 and 2284 ounces, is the biggest ever found on the planet and was discovered at Moliagul, near Dunolly in Victoria, in 1869.
Continue the conversation @carey_alexis | alexis.carey@news.com.au
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
The tribe's application to have the casino site taken into trust is pending with the U.S. Department of the Interior. It was filed in June 2014.
Facing no other law suits, the tribe will move forward with developing a Class II gaming casino, said John Wernet, the Sault Ste. Marie tribe's lawyer. There is still a dispute over adding Class III gaming such as slot machines, roulette and black jack.
"The case is done," Wernet said. "The Attorney General could appeal, but I'm not sure why he would. The decision is based on clear block lettering."
But it will be months, if not years, before a casino gets built, if it gets built at all.
Wernet said it is likely that casino opponents will attempt to delay the process with more injunctions as the it moves forward. If the site is taken into trust, it would take months to determine whether the land was eligible for gaming, which would include more talks with the state.
"We favor sitting down and talking with the state," Wernet said. "It would be a lot more efficient than beating each other up in court."
The Attorney General's office is currently reviewing the ruling, said Megan Hawthorne, deputy press secretary.
"It is very gratifying to see the federal court rule in our favor," said Lansing Mayor Virg Bernero in a release. "We have known from the beginning that the Lansing Kewadin casino project would face many obstacles, but we have remained confident that our great partners in the Sault Tribe have the legal right to move forward with the project."
This tribe also has plans for another casino in Huron Township, which lies southwest of Detroit.
Contact Alexander Alusheff at (517) 388-5973 or aalusheff@lsj.com. Follow him on Twitter @alexalusheff.


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text:
The RCMP logo is seen outside Royal Canadian Mounted Police "E" Division Headquarters, in Surrey, B.C., on Friday April 13, 2018. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Darryl Dyck
Manitoba RCMP officer in serious condition after being shot
Manitoba RCMP say an officer is in serious condition in hospital after being shot late Wednesday in what they call a "serious incident" near the town of Onanole.
Aug. 30, 2018 6:00 a.m.
Manitoba RCMP say an officer is in serious condition in hospital after being shot late Wednesday in what they call a "serious incident" near the town of Onanole, about 100 kilometres north of Brandon.
The Mounties have not provided any specifics about the incident, except to say shots were fired and that two or three suspects were being sought.
The RCMP say the suspects "may have split up," with some fleeing on foot and some leaving the scene in a Black 2005 GMC Sierra extended cab with Manitoba licence plate number GBX-476.
The suspects are considered armed and dangerous.
Residents in the area have been asked to ensure their doors and windows are locked and to call 911 immediately if they see anything suspicious.
The RCMP said "all possible resources are being utilized" to locate the suspects.
Related: Officers may face stress injuries after deaths of colleagues, experts say
Related: 'Multiple fatalities' as mass shooting breaks out in Florida
20 years later: Diamonds, jewels, a Picasso and cash still missing after plane crash
Advocate expects Saanich to allow tents to return to Regina Park once hazards removed
Coun. Judy Brownoff says long meetings create perception of ineffectiveness
Cyclist struck by car in Victoria, taken to hospital at Quadra and Finlayson
Traffic is moving slowly in the area


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Happy marriage between quantum mechanics and relativity
The Virgo and LIGO instruments benefit from a quantum optics technique in gravitational wave detection.
By David Larousserie Posted today at 06:00
Time to Reading 4 min.
1st In April, the three major "telescopes" that were the first to discover in September 2015 extraterrestrial signals of a new type have returned to service after a year and a half of work to double their performance. These signals are gravitational waves, space-time vibrations caused by giant astrophysical phenomena, such as the fusional rotation of a pair of black holes as large as several tens of Sun, or the violent collision between two neutron stars ( very compact stars), ten times lighter.
Even before the instruments LIGO (two telescopes in the United States) and Virgo (in Italy) were again agitated by such tremors, they performed a pretty feat: the reconciliation of the two great theories of modern physics, deemed incompatible , quantum mechanics and general relativity. The first, developed in the 1920s, describes the world of particles. The second, developed by Albert Einstein in 1915, is perfect for understanding massive objects such as stars or galaxies. But since too much matter is concentrated in a small region, like in a black hole, the two theories do not stick together …
Increase the accuracy of the detectors
Now LIGO and Virgo have made this impossible marriage possible by using quantum mechanics to identify phenomena of general relativity. "An entire branch of physics, quantum optics, has been developed to be applied to the detection of gravitational waves, underlines Antoine Heidmann, director of the Kastler-Brossel laboratory (LKB) (CNRS, Sorbonne University, Collège de France). And that as early as the 1980s. " This branch branched out into communication, computing or quantum information.
At the time, the goal was to increase the accuracy of gravitational wave detectors, because the sources of such vibrations may be enormous, they only fine lines on the surface of space-time. Arrived on Earth, they move objects less than a thousandth of the diameter of a proton. Suffice to say a lapping in a sea dismounted. But even after having dampened all the external disturbances, it remains the irreducible, the equivalent of a foam of quantum origin. That is to say the intrinsic phenomena to the material, which will disturb the measurements. For example, in a laser beam, like those used by LIGO and Virgo, the number of grains of light, the photons, is variable and random, invariably causing fluctuations in the measurements.
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AUCD works to create health promotion and public health efforts that include people who have disabilities. We focus on areas of greatest health disparity. We aim to build capacity of our network in public health and encourage public health partners to include people who have disabilities. Public health is for everyone.
We build capacity by encouraging collaboration between public health partners and AUCD's Network Centers in every state and territory. We work together with our partners to address health disparities for people who have a disability. We're currently focusing on Access to Healthcare, Developmental Monitoring and Screening, Emergency Preparedness, Nutrition and Healthy Weight, Sexual and Reproductive Health, and Wellness and Mental Health.
Support Us! Send an e-gift that supports inclusion!
Act Early Network
Since 2007 AUCD has partnered with The National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities (NCBDDD) at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Maternal and Child Health Bureau (MCHB) at the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) to implement the "Act Early" Regional Summit Project supported by the Learn the Signs. Act Early Campaign and the implementation of the Combating Autism Act.
Friends of NCBDDD
The Friends of NCBDDD (formerly the External Partners Group, EPG) is a coalition of government and private sector participants who work together to enhance the mission and activities of the National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities (NCBDDD) in promoting child development; preventing birth defects and developmental disorders/disabilities; and enhancing the quality of life and preventing secondary conditions among people who are living with mental or physical disabilities, or a combination thereof.
Health is for Everyone: Action Team (HEAT)
Health is for Everyone: Action Team (HEAT) is a collaboration of several organizations led by AUCD to include developmental disabilities in medical education at all levels of undergraduate, graduate, and continuing medical education of physicians. HEAT achieved successful adoption of the American Medical Association (AMA) resolution on including Developmental Disabilities; however, continued momentum is needed to implement specific required competencies for physicians on developmental disabilities. Learn more and check out the updated health care access resources in the Public Health is for Everyone toolkit.
Including People with Disabilities-Public Health Workforce Competencies
The Including People with Disabilities - Public Health Workforce Competencies are designed to increase the capacity of public health providers to include people with disabilities in their public health plans and efforts. Designed specifically for professionals already working in the public health field, the competencies provide foundational knowledge around the relationship between disability and public health programs and outcomes.
Inclusive Health
Inclusive Health, a collaborative national movement that mobilizes partners to influence inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities in health promotion and care - and make it the norm. AUCD collaborated with the Special Olympics International, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities (NCBDDD), to create a National Inclusive Health Movement.
Nutrition is for Everyone
Nutrition is for Everyone, a program that aims increase awareness and consumption of fruits and vegetables among people with disabilities through efforts of Nutrition Ambassadors, Deputy Ambassadors, and Community Nutrition Advocates in states with the most dire need. A monthly newsletter shares ongoing and updated program efforts, along with Nutrition Ambassador's success stories of people with disabilities who have increased their awareness and consumption of fruits and vegetables
Public Health is for Everyone is an online toolkit which serves as a one-stop resource to increase the capacity of public health professionals to create programs that benefit entire communities, including people who have disabilities. The PHEtoolkit provides public health professionals with resources to enhance their planning efforts in key issue areas.
Health Promotion Materials:
Development of health and health promotion materials for people living with disabilities
Adriane K. Griffen, DrPH, MPH, MCHES
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Public Health Program Specialist
Health Promotion Materials
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Asus replaced the touchpad on its new ZenBook Pro with a 5.5-inch touchscreen
Technically delightful, practically dubious
By Vlad Savov
on June 5, 2018 12:24 am
Unveiled at Computex 2018, the Asus ZenBook Pro is the new pinnacle of Asus' premium laptop range, and it comes with an attention-grabbing new feature: a smartphone-sized touchscreen in the place of the regular touchpad. I got to grips with the two ZenBook Pro models and their so-called ScreenPads here in Taipei, and I was pleasantly surprised by how well implemented and potentially useful this apparent gimmick feature is.
Unlike Apple's limited and unhelpful MacBook Pro Touch Bar, the Asus ScreenPad doesn't take anything useful away like physical keys. It resides exactly where the laptop's touchpad usually does, and it works exactly as a regular touchpad does. But the ScreenPad is "the world's first smart touchpad," in Asus' words, because it can also serve as a multifunctional touch-enabled display, a sort of dumbed-down smartphone that's integrated with your Windows PC.
Spanning 5.5 inches with a 1920 x 1080 resolution, the ScreenPad can be turned into your app launcher, calculator, calendar, or numeric keypad. It can also play back YouTube videos via a Chrome extension, or it can simply extend the ZenBook Pro's main display. I tried using it in all those various ways, and it wasn't terrible. I quickly adapted to the switching between modes — which is done by pressing F6, no need for hunting around settings and menus — and where something wasn't obvious, it only took a little trial and error to figure it out. Perhaps the biggest confusion stems from the extender mode: that's when I can drag a browser window directly off the main display and onto the ScreenPad. In that circumstance, I expect the ScreenPad to still be a touchscreen, but it just works as a touchpad, meaning I have to manipulate what's on it with the cursor.
I know my praise sounds faint, but given the difficulty of inventing a whole new paradigm of interaction like this, I think Asus has made a promising start with its ScreenPad. Physically, this pad has a nice matte finish that feels good to the touch and reduces glare.
Asus has worked with Microsoft to develop Office integrations for the ScreenPad, so you get access to Word, Excel, and PowerPoint shortcuts and adjustments on it. The pad can also function as a neat music and video playback controller, and Asus says it will support Spotify controls with it. The ZenBook Pro's maker is going to release a ScreenPad developer kit and is maintaining a website where all the compatible apps are listed, the majority of which will be found on the Windows Store. Knowing Asus' poor track record with developing software and the Windows Store's dire lack of popularity, I'm not brimming with confidence that this initiative will flourish, but I give Asus credit for trying.
Asus ZenBook Pro 15 (UX580) specs
CPU: Intel Core i9-8950HK or Core i7-8750H or Core i5-8300H
Display: 15.6-inch 4K (3840 x 2160) LCD or 1080p LCD; optional touchscreen
Graphics: Nvidia GeForce GTX 1050 Ti 4GB
Dimensions: 365mm x 251mm x 18.9mm
Memory: Up to 16GB
Storage: 1TB or 512GB PCIe SSD, 512GB or 256GB SATA SSD
Wireless: 802.11ac Gigabit Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 5
Ports: 2x USB Type-A, 2x USB 3.1 Gen 2 Type-C with Thunderbolt 3, 1x HDMI 1.4, MicroSD card reader
Audio: Harman Kardon-certified Asus SonicMaster Premium audio system
Battery: 71Wh, rated for 10 hours
Beside having a touchpad it deems to be the next step in adaptive computing, Asus has plenty of other good things to boast about with the ZenBook Pro. The 15.6-inch model of this laptop offers a 4K touchscreen with great color fidelity and bezels thin enough to make it the size of a more conventional 14-inch laptop. The 14-inch version, in turn, has roughly the same footprint as my 13-inch MacBook Pro. These are well built laptops, too, with aluminum on the top, bottom, and wrist rest of each. I could live without Asus' signature concentric circle design, which the company calls "classic," but I find evocative of some of the less successful models in its mobile PC range.
While testing the ScreenPad as a music controller, I was wowed by the quality of the speakers on the larger ZenBook Pro. Asus has built an audio system that produces loud, rich sound with none of the tinniness and feebleness of typical laptop speakers. The 2016 MacBook Pro that I use has very good speakers, but the ZenBook Pro is markedly better. The improvement is so obvious that I can be sure of it even after only a brief listen.
Asus says that it designed the ZenBook Pro with creators in mind. That's the big demographic that PC makers are chasing at this year's Computex: photographers, video makers, designers, basically anyone who can find use for a few extra CPU cycles. The common thread to all classes of digital creators is that they work with visuals, so Asus has tried to maximize the color accuracy of the ZenBook Pro's screen, and it's received certification from Pantone (though I couldn't get an explanation of what that mark of approval signified). The ZenBook Pro offers 132 percent coverage of the sRGB color space and 100 percent of Adobe RGB.
Asus ZenBook ProPhoto by Vlad Savov / The Verge
The smaller 14-inch ZenBook Pro has one of Asus' ErgoLift hinges, the purpose of which is solely to elevate the keyboard for a more natural typing posture. I can't say how much of a benefit that is in long-term use, though I don't see Asus sacrificing any other design element for it, so I'm fine with its inclusion. Given my preference for smaller laptops, I did find the 14-inch ZenBook Pro the much more appealing of the two. In terms of specs, it has a lower ceiling than its larger sibling, maxing out with a Core i7 CPU, a GeForce GTX 1050 Max-Q, USB-C ports without Thunderbolt 3, and an IR camera for Windows Hello instead of the fingerprint sensor of the Pro 15.
Asus is putting the ZenBook Pro 15 on sale in mid-July for a starting price of $2,299. Its 14-inch counterpart will follow in the fourth quarter of the year, offering superior battery life of up to 13 hours. Both will come in Asus' favored shade of so-called Deep Dive Blue.
Photography by Vlad Savov / The Verge
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View all stories in Tech
Didn't Razer have something like this?
By BaguetteMaster on 06.05.18 12:35am
Yes, the previous gen Razer Blade Pro had one in place of a numeric keypad. Also, Acer sort of had one in their Aspire Ethos series, and MSI showed off a concept one a few years ago.
By Seylan Naidoo on 06.05.18 1:35am
My 2002-2003 era Toshiba Satellite 5200-801 had something similar well… not exactly similar. It used a greyscale LCD screen which had built-in "apps" for calculator, quick note jotter, etc. It was a gimmick then.
http://www.toshiba.eu/discontinued-products/satellite-5200-801/
Personally… I feel these are as useful as the stupid TouchBar in the MBPs… which isn't much.
By ins1dious on 06.05.18 5:44am
I have an old Fujitsu workstation that had this.. mainly useful as a second screen or CAD shortcuts. The Japanese version was water-cooled.
By Ryan C. Dean on 06.05.18 9:05am
Project Linda, it was a phone dock:
https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2018/1/9/16866206/razer-project-linda-phone-laptop-dock-touchpad-prototype-android-concept-ces-2018
By vladsavov on 06.05.18 12:38am
I love this concept and think it's the future of computers, but I think it's going to take a company like Apple to do it with iPhones before it ever catches on.
By BatmanNewsChris on 06.05.18 1:13am
This is… actually kind of cool. But I agree, I do not trust ASUS to get this done properly. Needs Apple like you say, or Microsoft with their Surface range. Still, cautiously optimistic!
By kayzee on 06.05.18 5:31am
all hail Apple, the only company that ever did anything right in tech, ever.
By fxspec06 on 06.05.18 6:44am
Lol, I sometimes think the ridiculous size of apple's touch pad is a move to acclimatise the ifans to a possible next stage where they replace the touch pad with a touchscreen.
By Popcorn! Smiles! on 06.05.18 7:41am
Holy shit, I think you're onto something there. Like their touchpad is ludicrously large, its almost the same height as the keyboard itself. This would be genius if true.
By ElectricPheonix on 06.05.18 7:49am
How? Seriously how is that genius?! Just putting it in… is genius. Make a disposable gimmick like the touchbar first…. is pure stupidity. Riveting a keyboard in is stupidity, especially with the level of quality of said keyboard is stupidity.
Apple is not on point on ANYTHING Mac at the moment!
By BoardsParamount on 06.06.18 3:42am
Say what you want, but the masses generally don't care until Apple has done it. Plus there is many circumstances of Apple being late to market with a "feature" but, at least initially, doing it the best.
By joshrocker on 06.05.18 7:52am
did you forget /s? but there would be some fantastic magical courageous thing happening when apple does put a screen on the keypad…
By blahness on 06.05.18 10:29am
Sometimes when you innovate, you make mistakes. It is best to admit them quickly, and get on with improving your other innovations.
- Steve Ballmer
By pboardman on 06.05.18 1:20pm
Let's hope Apple walk back on the touch bar, in this case.
By onwu on 06.05.18 7:37pm
"The masses" use PCs. It is the tech blog literati that use Apple. Market share doesn't lie.
By harkening on 06.05.18 12:24pm
The primary innovation on the PC side is coming from Microsoft's various Surface lines, yet "the masses" aren't all using Surface devices either. Apple and Microsoft have provided a lot of innovations that have made their way to other manufacturers and that's okay: everybody wins.
By whlr on 06.05.18 1:03pm
That's not what @joshrocker claimed. He claimed that "the masses" only care when it's implemented by Apple. This is false. They care when the feature appears in their price range, and the vast majority of the masses are using PCs, which can be pushed by any number of manufacturers that aren't fruit companies.
By harkening on 06.05.18 1:05pm
Outside of this particular Screenpad (and that remains to be seen, though I do hope it does well), what has come out that had user traction from a manufacturer that wasn't Apple or Microsoft? Since we're talking about trackpads, PC laptops had trash trackpads for multiple generations while Apple had one that was actually very nice. And having that experience with OSX and their trackpad made a lot of the Windows 8/10 trackpad gestures second nature. Quite pleased that the Air happened so that Ultrabooks could become a thing as a successor that actually functioned to Netbooks.
Dunno, I find it weird to be upset that a particular company either originated or "perfected" a feature that then found its way into a user's preferred brand. Denying the impact of the "fruit company" on the devices we use just seems silly.
I'm not denying the impact; I'm responding specifically to the claim regarding "the masses."
what has come out that had user traction from a manufacturer that wasn't Apple or Microsoft?
Touchscreens come to mind..
By Generik420 on 06.05.18 3:50pm
Touchscreens have been around for ages, prior to the iPhone and the other phones that predated it, to the point I don't know which manufacturer was first, but it is a fair point.
I miss my Nokia 7710… and that was not at all a front of the touchscreen-pack phone.
Since we're talking about trackpads, PC laptops had trash trackpads for multiple generations while Apple had one that was actually very nice.
Chromebooks have awesome trackpads.
Actually, Chromebooks apply to your whole post. This is where you find innovation for the masses.
By mrkite on 06.05.18 9:10pm
Chromebooks came out like last week. PC laptops had shitty trackpads forever while Macbook trackpads worked great all through the 00s. Thank God that we now have plenty of good Windows laptop trackpads, as the current Macbook lineup sucks badly and it was the main reason why I couldn't switch to Windows. Now I'm a pretty happy Surface owner.
By ASEdouard on 06.06.18 4:35pm
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text:
Home » Dark Sky Places » Medicine Rocks State Park Designated as International Dark Sky Sanctuary
Medicine Rocks State Park Designated as International Dark Sky Sanctuary
Photo by Kristi Powell
The International Dark-Sky Association (IDA) has officially designated Medicine Rocks State Park as a certified International Dark Sky Sanctuary. Medicine Rocks State Park and Glacier National Park are the only certified dark sky sites in the state of Montana.
"We are proud to announce the designation of Medicine Rocks State Park as an International Dark Sky Sanctuary," said IDA Executive Director, Ruskin Hartley. "We congratulate all those involved in the process and applaud their efforts to protect the night and preserve the integral darkness within the park."
The IDA Dark Sky Sanctuary's application process was a collaborative effort between Montana State Parks, the Carter County Museum, and Visit Southeast Montana. The International Dark-Sky Association's Dark Sky Sanctuary guidelines require that "the park must provide an exceptional dark sky resource where the night sky brightness is routinely equal to or darker than 21.5 magnitudes per square arcsecond." Over the course of two years, Sabre Moore, the director of the Carter County Museum in Ekalaka, conducted sky quality measurements and concluded that Medicine Rocks State Park exceeded this benchmark.
"Medicine Rocks is known for its unique geologic formations that people have been visiting for thousands of years. Adding the IDA Dark Sky Sanctuary Designation opens the park up to a new category of visitors, dark sky enthusiasts, that we're excited to welcome to this incredible park in a beautiful corner of southeast Montana," said Medicine Rocks State Park Manager Chris Dantic.
Dantic and Moore worked with Brenda Maas, director of marketing for Visit Southeast Montana Tourism, in completing the project.
"It was a lot of work, but the long-term benefits of a significant international designation make it well worth it," Moore said.
The International Dark-Sky Association promotes night skies that are minimally impacted by human light sources. For more information on getting involved in the International Dark-Sky Association Montana Chapter, visit https://montana.darksky.ngo/. The group raises awareness about light "pollution" in Montana and co-sponsors dark sky star parties at Medicine Rocks State Park and across the state.
As a National Historic Site, Medicine Rocks carries great significance to the region's cultural and natural history and requires preservation of the landscape. Dark Sky events and astrophotography workshops conducted within the park by Carter County Museum and Montana State Parks have put the park on the map as a destination for astronomical observers in addition to history enthusiasts. This park also serves as a home for many flora and fauna species that are fundamental to the ecosystem of southeastern Montana. In addition, the IDA designation will bring outside dollars to Ekalaka, Baker, and the entire southeast Montana region, Maas said.
"Rural areas like those in Southeast Montana are perfectly positioned – literally and figuratively – to attract visitors who desire memorable outdoor activities," Maas said, adding that IDSA designation is part of a bigger destination development project focused on night skies that match a growing trend in tourism.
On Jan. 7, 2021, the Carter County Museum will kick off the first virtual dark sky program for Medicine Rocks State Park as an official IDA Dark Sky Sanctuary. The park will host additional IDA events on May 22, June 20, July 22, and Aug. 18. Visit http://stateparks.mt.gov/medicinerocks/ or http://www.cartercountymuseum.org/ for more information.
To learn more about the International Dark-Sky Association's International Dark Sky Place Program visit https://www.darksky.org/our-work/conservation/idsp/.
Next post: Pandemic Perspective
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Онлайн ТВ вещание канала zoom , Развлечения Великобритания подготовила пакет новых. Survival China Travel Tips and Tricks. These China Travel Tips, Survival Techniques, will help you get around and make your trip to China easier Deprecated: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is deprecated, use preg_replace_callback instead in /home/users/7/700701/domains/moetv.org/engine/classes/templates.class.


text:
<?php

namespace Google\AdsApi\Examples\AdWords\v201809\Remarketing;

require __DIR__ . '/../../../../vendor/autoload.php';

use Google\AdsApi\AdWords\AdWordsServices;
use Google\AdsApi\AdWords\AdWordsSession;
use Google\AdsApi\AdWords\AdWordsSessionBuilder;
use Google\AdsApi\AdWords\v201809\cm\ApiError;
use Google\AdsApi\AdWords\v201809\cm\Money;
use Google\AdsApi\AdWords\v201809\cm\Operator;
use Google\AdsApi\AdWords\v201809\rm\FirstPartyUploadMetadata;
use Google\AdsApi\AdWords\v201809\rm\MoneyWithCurrency;
use Google\AdsApi\AdWords\v201809\rm\OfflineData;
use Google\AdsApi\AdWords\v201809\rm\OfflineDataUpload;
use Google\AdsApi\AdWords\v201809\rm\OfflineDataUploadOperation;
use Google\AdsApi\AdWords\v201809\rm\OfflineDataUploadService;
use Google\AdsApi\AdWords\v201809\rm\OfflineDataUploadType;
use Google\AdsApi\AdWords\v201809\rm\OfflineDataUploadUserIdentifierType;
use Google\AdsApi\AdWords\v201809\rm\StoreSalesTransaction;
use Google\AdsApi\AdWords\v201809\rm\ThirdPartyUploadMetadata;
use Google\AdsApi\AdWords\v201809\rm\UploadMetadata;
use Google\AdsApi\AdWords\v201809\rm\UserIdentifier;
use Google\AdsApi\Common\OAuth2TokenBuilder;

/**
 * This code example shows how to upload offline data for store sales
 * transactions.
 */
class UploadOfflineData
{

    // The external upload ID can be any number that you use to keep track of
    // your uploads.
    const EXTERNAL_UPLOAD_ID = 'INSERT_EXTERNAL_UPLOAD_ID';

    // Insert the conversion type name that you'd like to attribute this upload
    // to.
    const CONVERSION_NAME = 'INSERT_CONVERSION_NAME';

    // Change the below constant to ThirdPartyUploadMetadata::class if uploading
    // third party data.
    const STORE_SALES_UPLOAD_COMMON_METADATA_TYPE =
        FirstPartyUploadMetadata::class;

    // The three constants below are needed when uploading third party data.
    // You can safely ignore them if you are uploading first party data.
    // For times, use the format yyyyMMdd HHmmss tz. For more details on formats,
    // see:
    // https://developers.google.com/adwords/api/docs/appendix/codes-formats#date-and-time-formats
    // For time zones, see:
    // https://developers.google.com/adwords/api/docs/appendix/codes-formats#timezone-ids
    const ADVERTISER_UPLOAD_TIME = 'INSERT_ADVERTISER_UPLOAD_TIME';
    const BRIDGE_MAP_VERSION_ID = 'INSERT_BRIDGE_MAP_VERSION_ID';
    const PARTNER_ID = 'INSERT_PARTNER_ID';

    // Insert email addresses below for creating user identifiers.
    private static $EMAIL_ADDRESSES = ['EMAIL_ADDRESS_1', 'EMAIL_ADDRESS_2'];

    public static function runExample(
        AdWordsServices $adWordsServices,
        AdWordsSession $session,
        $conversionName,
        $externalUploadId,
        $storeSalesUploadCommonMetadataType,
        array $emailAddresses,
        $advertiserUploadTime,
        $bridgeMapVersionId,
        $partnerId
    ) {
        $session->setPartialFailure(true);
        $offlineDataUploadService =
            $adWordsServices->get($session, OfflineDataUploadService::class);

        // Create the first offline data for upload.
        // This transaction occurred 7 days ago with amount of 200 USD.
        $transactionTime1 = new \DateTime('-7d');
        $transactionAmount1 = 200000000;
        $transactionCurrencyCode1 = 'USD';
        $userIdentifierList1 = [
            self::createUserIdentifier(
                OfflineDataUploadUserIdentifierType::HASHED_EMAIL,
                $emailAddresses[0]
            ),
            self::createUserIdentifier(
                OfflineDataUploadUserIdentifierType::STATE,
                'New York'
            )
        ];
        $offlineData1 = self::createOfflineData(
            $transactionTime1,
            $transactionAmount1,
            $transactionCurrencyCode1,
            $conversionName,
            $userIdentifierList1
        );

        // Create the second offline data for upload.
        // This transaction occurred 14 days ago with amount of 450 EUR.
        $transactionTime2 = new \DateTime('-14d');
        $transactionAmount2 = 450000000;
        $transactionCurrencyCode2 = 'EUR';
        $userIdentifierList2 = [
            self::createUserIdentifier(
                OfflineDataUploadUserIdentifierType::HASHED_EMAIL,
                $emailAddresses[1]
            ),
            self::createUserIdentifier(
                OfflineDataUploadUserIdentifierType::STATE,
                'California'
            )
        ];
        $offlineData2 = self::createOfflineData(
            $transactionTime2,
            $transactionAmount2,
            $transactionCurrencyCode2,
            $conversionName,
            $userIdentifierList2
        );

        // Create offline data upload object.
        $offlineDataUpload = new OfflineDataUpload();
        $offlineDataUpload->setExternalUploadId($externalUploadId);
        $offlineDataUpload->setOfflineDataList([$offlineData1, $offlineData2]);

        // Set the type and metadata of this upload.
        $reflectionClass =
            new \ReflectionClass($storeSalesUploadCommonMetadataType);
        $storeSalesUploadCommonMetadata = $reflectionClass->newInstance();
        $storeSalesUploadCommonMetadata->setLoyaltyRate(1.0);
        $storeSalesUploadCommonMetadata->setTransactionUploadRate(1.0);

        if ($storeSalesUploadCommonMetadataType
            === FirstPartyUploadMetadata::class) {
            $offlineDataUpload->setUploadType(
                OfflineDataUploadType::STORE_SALES_UPLOAD_FIRST_PARTY
            );
        } elseif ($storeSalesUploadCommonMetadataType
            === ThirdPartyUploadMetadata::class) {
            $offlineDataUpload->setUploadType(
                OfflineDataUploadType::STORE_SALES_UPLOAD_THIRD_PARTY
            );
            $storeSalesUploadCommonMetadata->setAdvertiserUploadTime(
                $advertiserUploadTime
            );
            $storeSalesUploadCommonMetadata->setValidTransactionRate(1.0);
            $storeSalesUploadCommonMetadata->setPartnerMatchRate(1.0);
            $storeSalesUploadCommonMetadata->setPartnerUploadRate(1.0);
            $storeSalesUploadCommonMetadata->setBridgeMapVersionId(
                $bridgeMapVersionId
            );
            $storeSalesUploadCommonMetadata->setPartnerId($partnerId);
        }

        $uploadMetadata = new UploadMetadata();
        $uploadMetadata->setStoreSalesUploadCommonMetadata(
            $storeSalesUploadCommonMetadata
        );
        $offlineDataUpload->setUploadMetadata($uploadMetadata);

        // Create an offline data upload operation.
        $offlineDataUploadOperation = new OfflineDataUploadOperation();
        $offlineDataUploadOperation->setOperator(Operator::ADD);
        $offlineDataUploadOperation->setOperand($offlineDataUpload);

        $operations = [];
        $operations[] = $offlineDataUploadOperation;
        // Upload offline data on the server and print some information.
        $result =
            $offlineDataUploadService->mutate($operations);
        $offlineDataUpload = $result->getValue()[0];
        printf(
            "Uploaded offline data with external upload ID %d and upload"
            . " status %s\n",
            $offlineDataUpload->getExternalUploadId(),
            $offlineDataUpload->getUploadStatus()
        );

        // Print any partial failure errors from the response.
        if (empty($result->getPartialFailureErrors())) {
            return;
        }
        foreach ($result->getPartialFailureErrors() as $apiError) {
            // Gets the index of the failed operation from the error's field
            // path elements.
            $operationIndex =
                self::getFieldPathElementIndex($apiError, 'operations');

            if (!is_null($operationIndex)) {
                $failedOfflineDataUpload =
                    $operations[$operationIndex]->getOperand();
                // Gets the index of the entry in the offline data list from the
                // error's field path elements.
                $offlineDataListIndex = self::getFieldPathElementIndex(
                    $apiError,
                    'offlineDataList'
                );

                printf(
                    "Offline data list entry %d in operation %d with "
                    . "external upload ID %d and type '%s' has triggered a "
                    . "failure for the following reason: '%s'.\n",
                    $offlineDataListIndex,
                    $operationIndex,
                    $failedOfflineDataUpload->getExternalUploadId(),
                    $failedOfflineDataUpload->getUploadType(),
                    $apiError->getErrorString()
                );
            } else {
                printf(
                    "A failure for the following reason: '%s' has "
                    . "occurred.\n",
                    $apiError->getErrorString()
                );
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Creates the offline data from the specified transaction time, transaction
     * micro amount, transaction currency, conversion name and user identifier
     * list.
     */
    private static function createOfflineData(
        \DateTime $transactionTime,
        $transactionMicroAmount,
        $transactionCurrency,
        $conversionName,
        array $userIdentifierList
    ) {
        $storeSalesTransaction = new StoreSalesTransaction();

        // For times use the format yyyyMMdd HHmmss [tz].
        // For details, see
        // https://developers.google.com/adwords/api/docs/appendix/codes-formats#date-and-time-formats
        $storeSalesTransaction->setTransactionTime(
            $transactionTime->format('Ymd His')
        );
        $storeSalesTransaction->setConversionName($conversionName);
        $storeSalesTransaction->setUserIdentifiers($userIdentifierList);

        $money = new Money();
        $money->setMicroAmount($transactionMicroAmount);
        $moneyWithCurrency = new MoneyWithCurrency();
        $moneyWithCurrency->setMoney($money);
        $moneyWithCurrency->setCurrencyCode($transactionCurrency);
        $storeSalesTransaction->setTransactionAmount($moneyWithCurrency);

        $offlineData = new OfflineData();
        $offlineData->setStoreSalesTransaction($storeSalesTransaction);

        return $offlineData;
    }

    /**
     * Creates a user identifier from the specified type and value.
     */
    private static function createUserIdentifier($type, $value)
    {
        // If the user identifier type is a hashed type, normalize and hash the
        // value.
        if (0 === strpos($type, 'HASHED_')) {
            $value = hash('sha256', strtolower(trim($value)));
        }
        $userIdentifier = new UserIdentifier();
        $userIdentifier->setUserIdentifierType($type);
        $userIdentifier->setValue($value);

        return $userIdentifier;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the FieldPathElement#getIndex() for the specified field name, if
     * present in the error's field path elements. If not, returns null.
     */
    private static function getFieldPathElementIndex(ApiError $apiError, $field)
    {
        $fieldPathElements = $apiError->getFieldPathElements();
        if (is_null($fieldPathElements) || count($fieldPathElements) === 0) {
            return null;
        }
        for ($i = 0; $i < count($fieldPathElements); $i++) {
            $fieldPathElement = $fieldPathElements[$i];
            if ($field === $fieldPathElement->getField()) {
                return $fieldPathElement->getIndex();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    public static function main()
    {
        // Generate a refreshable OAuth2 credential for authentication.
        $oAuth2Credential = (new OAuth2TokenBuilder())->fromFile()->build();

        // Construct an API session configured from a properties file and the
        // OAuth2 credentials above.
        $session = (new AdWordsSessionBuilder())->fromFile()->withOAuth2Credential($oAuth2Credential)->build();
        self::runExample(
            new AdWordsServices(),
            $session,
            self::CONVERSION_NAME,
            intval(self::EXTERNAL_UPLOAD_ID),
            self::STORE_SALES_UPLOAD_COMMON_METADATA_TYPE,
            self::$EMAIL_ADDRESSES,
            self::ADVERTISER_UPLOAD_TIME,
            self::BRIDGE_MAP_VERSION_ID,
            intval(self::PARTNER_ID)
        );
    }
}

UploadOfflineData::main();

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


August 1, 2014 – Residents report that Direct Energy representatives are soliciting in the borough. At this time, these persons do not have a valid solicitation permit and their activities are unlawful according to Borough Ordinance 820.01.
Residents are advised to inform the police of any door-to-door Direct Energy activities in the borough.


text:
Drive Electric DSM Car Show
Click here for a printable flier (PDF)
Public invited to Drive Electric DSM Car Show
The public is invited to get an up-close look at the variety of electric vehicles on the market during the Drive Electric DSM Car Show. The event is one of nearly 200 being held across the country for the fifth annual National Drive Electric Week.
Electric vehicles will be available for visitors to see – and ride in or test drive – courtesy of local owners and dealers. The event is from 11:30 a.m. to 1:30 p.m. Wednesday, Sept. 14, on 12th Street between Locust Street and Grand Avenue in the Western Gateway area of downtown Des Moines. Lunch will be available for purchase from local food trucks.
"For daily driving, it's just unbeatable," David Darrow of Grimes said of his dark gray Tesla Model S P85D, which he will display at the car show. "It just makes other cars feel kind of clumsy and rough. When you take out the delay of sucking air and fuel, and you take out the delay of a shifting transmission, it's amazing the difference driving an electric car."
The market for electric vehicles is growing in Iowa. Approximately 1,000 plug-in electric vehicles are already in the state, with the potential of that growing to around 100,000 vehicles by 2040. Research suggests that the carbon footprint of an electric vehicle is about half of a gasoline vehicle. Additional benefits to driving electric vehicles include the lack of tailpipe emissions, reduced maintenance costs and affordable electricity prices.
The Drive Electric DSM Car Show is one of three National Drive Electric Week events occurring in Iowa, including one in West Des Moines and one in Cedar Rapids. Details about other events are at https://driveelectricweek.org/events.php.
National Drive Electric Week is an annual celebration and outreach effort in cities around the world and is presented by Plug in America, the Sierra Club, and the Electric Auto Association. More details are at https://driveelectricweek.org/. Local sponsors of the Drive Electric DSM Car Show include the Des Moines Area MPO; the Iowa Clean Cities Coalition, a program of the Iowa Economic Development Authority; the Iowa League of Cities; and MidAmerican Energy.


text:
declare namespace Omnibar {
  // Result set
  type ListResult<T> = Array<T>;
  type ResolvedResults<T> = Promise<ListResult<T>>;
  type Results<T> = ListResult<T> | ResolvedResults<T>;

  // Extensions
  type FunctionalExtension<T> = (query: string) => Results<T>;
  type Extension<T> = FunctionalExtension<T>;

  type MouseEvent = (evt: any) => void;

  // Renderers
  type ResultRenderer<T> = (
    {
      item,
      isSelected,
      isHighlighted,
    }: {
      item: T;
      isSelected: boolean;
      isHighlighted: boolean;
    } & React.HTMLAttributes<HTMLElement>
  ) => JSX.Element;

  interface Props<T> {
    // optionally make the Omnibar autoFocus
    autoFocus?: boolean;
    // results renderer function
    children?: ResultRenderer<T>;
    // optional default value
    value?: string;
    // list of extensions
    extensions?: Array<Omnibar.Extension<T>>;
    // optional input delay override
    inputDelay?: number;
    // max items
    maxResults?: number;
    // max items to display in view
    maxViewableResults?: number;
    // optional action override
    onAction?: <T>(item: T) => void;
    // triggered when a query is made
    onQuery?: <T>(items: Array<T>) => void;
    // optional input placeholder text
    onFocus?: (evt: React.FocusEvent<HTMLInputElement>) => void;
    // optional input placeholder text
    onBlur?: (evt: React.FocusEvent<HTMLInputElement>) => void;
    // optional input placeholder text
    placeholder?: string;
    // alias of children
    render?: ResultRenderer<T>;
    // optional result list style override
    resultStyle?: React.CSSProperties;
    // optional style on the root element
    rootStyle?: React.CSSProperties;
    // optional input bar style override
    style?: React.CSSProperties;
    // optional call extension with empty input
    showEmpty?: boolean;
  }

  interface State<T> {
    // list of matching results
    results: Array<T>;
    // current selected index (applies action upon key event)
    selectedIndex: number;
    // current mouse hovered index (applies action click event)
    hoveredIndex: number;
    // display results?
    displayResults: boolean;
  }
}

declare module 'omnibar' {
  export default class Omnibar<T> extends React.Component<
    Omnibar.Props<T>,
    Omnibar.State<T>
  > {}
  export function command<T>(
    extension: Omnibar.Extension<T>,
    command: string
  ): Omnibar.Extension<T>;
  export function compose<T extends typeof Omnibar>(
    ...fns: Array<Function>
  ): (...args: Array<any>) => T;
  export function withVoice<T extends typeof Omnibar>(
    Component: T
  ): React.ComponentClass<Omnibar.Props<T>>;
  export function withExtensions<T extends typeof Omnibar>(
    extensions: Array<Omnibar.Extension<T>>
  ): (Component: T) => React.ComponentClass<Omnibar.Props<T>>;
}


text:
If you think the North American genocide of Indians was bad, the South American genocide was arguably worse. The decrease in numbers--several million to a couple hundred thousand--was roughly the same, but the South American decimation seems more calculated and cruel. Here are some of the lowlights:
Dispatch #15: The Decimation of the Amazon Indians
By Alex ShoumatoffOrganized campaigns to exterminate the Indians, sponsored by the colonial administration and carried out by Portuguese colonists, had been taking place in northeastern Brazil, to the east, since 1500, and as colonists began settling the lower Amazon in l620, campaigns were carried out there. These "ransoming" expeditions were in fact slaves raids under the pretext of rescuing captives from tribes that were supposedly planning to eat them (and in some cases actually were). In the absence of gold, the colonists went after "red gold"--the forced labor of Indians. The "ransomed" Indians were "descended" down the river and kept, packed like sardines, in riverine pens called caiçaras, sometimes for months, while the colonists were off capturing more slaves.
The Indians' only champions were the Jesuits, who gathered them into missions that were organized along military lines to keep them from being dragged off into slavery. David Putnam's film, The Mission, portrays the heroic efforts of the Jesuits to protect the Guarani Indians in the Paraná-Paraguay basin, south of the Amazon. The Jesuits in the Amazon were more exploitative, however, and the Indians in their aldeias, or mission villages, on Marajó Island, at the mouth of river, became peons who took care of their vast herds of cattle. Their wards were forcibly baptized and catechized and became detribalized "shirt Indians."
Starting in 1850 rubber became a hot new commodity in the industrializing countries of Europe and North America, and the Amazon's monopoly on "black gold" tapped from Hevea brasiliensis trees scattered in the rainforest spawned what the contemporary Brazilian writer called "the most criminal organization of labor ever devised." A Peruvian rubber baron named Julio Arana founded the Peruvian Amazon Rubber Company and grew fabulously wealthy by exploiting the Bora, Witoto, Andoke, and Ocaina Indians on the Putumayo River, which forms the border between Peru and Colombia. Reports of systematic torture, an orgy of sadism, the perverted mutilation of men, women, and children, women being kept as concubines by the Indian and Barbadian muchachos or captains, of the rubber gangs, reached Roger Casement, who had exposed similar atrocities ten years earlier in the Congo. By the time Casement got there, three-quarters of the population on the Putumayo had been wiped out in the previous six years, and there were only 8000-1000 left.
On the Amazon's southern frontier, colonists hired professional Indian killers, or bugreiros, who presented ears instead of scalps for payment, adorned their Winchester carbines with Indians' teeth, and poisoned the drinking pools in Indian villages with strychnine. By 1910 the remaining Indians had been reduced to a pathetic minority on the fringes of a burgeoning postcolonial society.Comment: Tribal organization may have been the big difference between North and South America. In North America, the Euro-American invaders faced several groups of semi-organized resistance: the Powhatan confederacy, the Haudenosaunee League, Tecumseh's Shawnee confederation, the "Five Civilized Tribes," the Great Plains tribes, the Comanche empire. In South America, the hostile geography kept tribes smaller and more dispersed.
David Grann's The Lost City of Z tells some of the rubber barons' atrocities. They sound like the equivalent of a few dozen Wounded Knees to me. While Americans were waging war on Indians in the latter part of the 19th century--which was bad enough--Brazilians were torturing, mutilating, and poisoning Indians.
Who wants an anarchy?
This reminds me of my Is the "Nanny State" Bad? posting. The above should serve as a warning to anyone who thinks a libertarian state (i.e, anarchy) would be ideal. When government is nonexistent, people slaughter people without compunction. That was the case with the conquistadors in Mexico and Peru and the rubber gangs in the Amazon.
When government is moderately strong, it's like a traffic cop. It directs the flow of people, speeding it up or slowing it down, but not really impeding it. Like a traffic cop, it tries to impose order, but since it can't arrest everyone, it's largely ineffectual.
That was the case in America for most of its Indian-eliminating history. The US signed treaties with its Indian nations but treated them like traffic lights. Initially the light was red, but then it turned green and the settler traffic resumed. The US shrugged as if it had done all it could. "We set up a stop light but no one obeys it. What are we supposed to do...enforce the law?"
Now we have a strong central government and I'm glad of it. These days the main people committing murder are lone gun nuts, not lynch mobs or armed militias or the US Cavalry. As I suggested in Name America's Golden Year, if you think the days of yore--of bigotry against women and minorities--were great, you're not thinking. You must be a white Anglo-Saxon Protestant property owner and a greedy, selfish bastard.
For more on the subject, see No "Systematic Extermination" of Indians? and Fischer Defends Pro-Genocide Column.
Posted by Rob at 12:39 PM
Labels: Amazon Indians, colonization, genocide, libertarianism, massacres, racism
Re. South America and resistance to the settlers, this might interest you: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conquest_of_the_Desert
The Spanish Wikipedia articles on this theme are rather longer and more detailed...


Heartbeat beat Pvt limited is planning to sell their products in Europe. They have many options to sell their products in Europe. The question before them is if they should manufacture the products in Europe and sell them in different areas of Europe or produce the products in Sydney and sell them in European Countries. Broadly the company can have four option of production and marketing of the product. All the options have some pros and cons which are to be evaluated with the help of the in depth analysis.
GE is the international health device manufacturers in Europe, which have created the niche in the European market. With Carrefour on number two position followed by GE at number three in the country. Therefore it becomes imperative to know the strengths and weaknesses of the competitors. The below report will give the understanding of strengths and weaknesses of GE.
GE has many manufacturing units in Europe which just deal with health care devices. The total number of units are quite large in number. Following are the strengths of the GE.
GE has become a global giant, as it is opening production unit worldwide. It is expanding by opening new units and also by acquiring the other units.
These units produce products that offer very less price on the items and especially in some of the high demand areas, where the prices are lower than the cost price. This strategy has helped them a lot in gaining the customers.
The company's public relation is deteriorating; it has been criticized not only by the customers but also by the competitors. It is believed that GE discriminates in the job.
The company has given decision making powers to their managers, therefore, leaving the company in a chaos as each company in it is a mini corporation and since the centralization of the company is missing, it is difficult to manage such giant company.
GE focuses on different brands and products of health care therefore they are not able to give full concentration on one of the services. This act as a loop hole for the competitors for specific products.
Now in this case the cost is a big constraint for the company. The company has to to bear a huge cost to open up a subsidiary in Europe and let them undertake the marketing of the product. Website marketing is the best option available to the company for the marketing of the product. Following can be a marketing option for the company.
The objective of the website marketing is to appear on the international and regional medical and health sites, covey the message of the quality of service with a promise to deliver great products and services. This will be very helpful to the distributor of the products to track order online and deliver them at right places.
The government laws and FDI regulations are quite liberal in the country except for investments in health, mass media and maritime. The FDI policies of allowing foreign investors in the country will not only increase the economy of the country but also the people of the country will be able to take the advantage of the same, as more job openings will be available for them. (Bonoma, 2004). So, politically it might not be that difficult to enter the European market and set up a manufacturing process there to increase the profitability of the company. But starting up the production unit in a new country is not that easy as it also has social and cultural effects. The government will surely take them into account before letting any foreign firm set up the production process in their country.
Conclusion: After analysing the pros and cons of each option it can be analysed that every option has some negative and positive aspects. The best and safest option available to the company is the Option 2 which provides a good stream of income without much costs of advertisement. Company can also look for other options depending upon the requirements and goals of the company.
Bonoma, T.V. (2004), Managing Marketing, The Free Press, New York, NY.
Drummond G. and Ensor J. (2001) Strategic Marketing: Planning and Control, Butterworth – Heinemann.
Dymsza, W.A. (2004), "Global strategic planning: a model development", Journal of International Business Studies, Fall, pp. 169-83.
Hopkins, D.S. (2001), The Marketing Plan, Research Report No. 80, The Conference Board, New York, NY.


You cannot use the Oghma Infinium to raise skills above 100.
The Oghma Infinium is removed from your inventory 1 second after choosing a skill and going back to the inventory. You can drop the book before it is removed and pick it up afterwards. However, this will not allow you to boost your skills again.
When reading the Oghma Infinium from a bookshelf, the number of books that can be stored in that shelf increases by one each time the book is read.
You may not always get all five points in each skill. ?
Reload an older game and alter your skill values slightly, even just gaining a few more XP in the skill, then try again.


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Annual Save a Life tour to be postponed until spring
Every year, the Plattsburgh State Student Association hosts the Save a Life tour to educate students about the dangers of distracted driving.
This year's event, originally scheduled for Oct. 15, will now be postponed until the spring semester because of the program's unavailability during that date.
SA Vice President for Student Affairs Royston Peters has been in charge of planning the event, along with Teresa Aniceto, vice president for activities.
The October event was expected to feature the same activities as last November's tour, including distracted driving simulators, guest speakers and engaging presentations that help students learn about the dangers of distracted and drunk driving.
Peters said he had been corresponding with Frank Mitidieri, a representative from The International Save a Life Tour Education Systems Support, Inc., since late August and believed the date was concrete, but because of an apparent miscommunication, the appearance fell through.
"I'm definitely disappointed," Peters said. "This is one of the most successful events that we put on, but it's not completely canceled, so it'll still happen, just next semester."
According to the Save a Life website, each event is eight hours long, including two 50-minute lecture presentations.
"Our objective is to use every method at our disposal to bring home the reality of the dangerous practice of distracted driving because it has eclipsed drunk driving as the number one safety concern of the driving public," the website said.
Peters said the Save a Life group will not be available to return to the Plattsburgh area until March 2015, which is when he would hope to plan the event.
However, each SA position ends after the fall semester, so the next vice president for student affairs will take over the planning for the event.
Last year, then VP for Student Affairs Susanne Fenton and Senator Johanceli Rojas planned the event, which took place Nov. 18.
"While we've never really seen a big issue with drunk driving here at Plattsburgh, it's still very important for us to be aware of the dangers," Fenton said in a Cardinal Points article. "I'm excited for it. And by that I just mean that I think it'll be a really good reality check for students and really everyone who decides to get involved."
Anyone interested in helping to plan the Save a Life event can head over to the Student Association office, located on the second floor of the Angell College Center.
Email Maggie McVey at news@cardinalpointsonline.com.
By Maggie McVey
Archive Maggie McVey - November 13, 2020 0


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It's Not All About Coffee With... Nolusindiso (Cindy) Madywabe
Meet Nolusindiso, otherwise known as Cindy, passionate about pastry and singing and sure that being a single-mum is what fuels her drive for excellence!
In today's "It's Not All About Coffee" blog we learn more about the other half of the Bree Street super-star cheffing duo.
ROSETTA: Introduce yourself to us and tell us what you do at Rosetta / how long have you been working there?
My name is Nolusindiso Madywabe, also known as Cindy. I stay in Khayelitsha, I'm a single parent, and I have one child; I'm a hard worker and an honest person.
ROSETTA: What are some of the best things about being a part of the Rosetta team?
CINDY: It's nice working with this team. It's the first time I've worked with many boys and one other girl — I'm happy here, though and am learning more and more, especially about coffee.
ROSETTA: Do you have any other passions, hobbies, special skills? Are you a parent? We want to know about your life outside your current job!
CINDY: My passion is cooking. I love to cook and would love to be a chef. I've never studied, but I see my current job as training. For example, I've never trained to make pastries, but I'm making pastries here; I'm also baking cakes and cookies.
My hobbies, ah? What can I say? I think I just love cooking very much! I have great confidence in my ability to do this.
I used to play netball at school. However, once I started working, I didn't play again.
ROSETTA: Has the pursuit of excellence in one passion helped you to pursue excellence in another?
CINDY: I previously worked at Col'Cacchio's for four years, I made pizza's, salads, pastas and then they promoted me as a supervisor there. I found that I'm generally an all-rounder and then left for Rosetta Roastery before I could complete my training as a barman.
Being at Rosetta has made me want to pursue excellence in my work as a chef. All of my current efforts are towards being an excellent chef.
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