text:
// Copyright (c) .NET Foundation. All rights reserved.
// Licensed under the MIT License. See License.txt in the project root for license information.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace Dashboard.Data
{
    public class ConcurrentMetadataText : IConcurrentText
    {
        public ConcurrentMetadataText(string eTag, IDictionary<string, string> metadata, string text)
        {
            if (eTag == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("eTag");
            }
            else if (metadata == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("metadata");
            }
            else if (text == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("text");
            }

            ETag = eTag;
            Metadata = metadata;
            Text = text;
        }

        public string ETag { get; private set; }

        public IDictionary<string, string> Metadata { get; private set; }

        public string Text { get; private set; }
    }
}


US Mobile is a prepaid wireless carrier that offers fully customizable rate plans. 100% contract free, customers create their own custom plan by choosing any combination of Talk, Text and 4G LTE data. Plans start at $5/month.
is it locked or unlocked?


text:
package datafactory

// Copyright (c) Microsoft and contributors.  All rights reserved.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
//
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
//
// Code generated by Microsoft (R) AutoRest Code Generator.
// Changes may cause incorrect behavior and will be lost if the code is regenerated.

import (
	"context"
	"github.com/Azure/go-autorest/autorest"
	"github.com/Azure/go-autorest/autorest/azure"
	"github.com/Azure/go-autorest/autorest/validation"
	"github.com/Azure/go-autorest/tracing"
	"net/http"
)

// RerunTriggersClient is the the Azure Data Factory V2 management API provides a RESTful set of web services that
// interact with Azure Data Factory V2 services.
type RerunTriggersClient struct {
	BaseClient
}

// NewRerunTriggersClient creates an instance of the RerunTriggersClient client.
func NewRerunTriggersClient(subscriptionID string) RerunTriggersClient {
	return NewRerunTriggersClientWithBaseURI(DefaultBaseURI, subscriptionID)
}

// NewRerunTriggersClientWithBaseURI creates an instance of the RerunTriggersClient client.
func NewRerunTriggersClientWithBaseURI(baseURI string, subscriptionID string) RerunTriggersClient {
	return RerunTriggersClient{NewWithBaseURI(baseURI, subscriptionID)}
}

// Cancel cancels a trigger.
// Parameters:
// resourceGroupName - the resource group name.
// factoryName - the factory name.
// triggerName - the trigger name.
// rerunTriggerName - the rerun trigger name.
func (client RerunTriggersClient) Cancel(ctx context.Context, resourceGroupName string, factoryName string, triggerName string, rerunTriggerName string) (result RerunTriggersCancelFuture, err error) {
	if tracing.IsEnabled() {
		ctx = tracing.StartSpan(ctx, fqdn+"/RerunTriggersClient.Cancel")
		defer func() {
			sc := -1
			if result.Response() != nil {
				sc = result.Response().StatusCode
			}
			tracing.EndSpan(ctx, sc, err)
		}()
	}
	if err := validation.Validate([]validation.Validation{
		{TargetValue: resourceGroupName,
			Constraints: []validation.Constraint{{Target: "resourceGroupName", Name: validation.MaxLength, Rule: 90, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "resourceGroupName", Name: validation.MinLength, Rule: 1, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "resourceGroupName", Name: validation.Pattern, Rule: `^[-\w\._\(\)]+$`, Chain: nil}}},
		{TargetValue: factoryName,
			Constraints: []validation.Constraint{{Target: "factoryName", Name: validation.MaxLength, Rule: 63, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "factoryName", Name: validation.MinLength, Rule: 3, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "factoryName", Name: validation.Pattern, Rule: `^[A-Za-z0-9]+(?:-[A-Za-z0-9]+)*$`, Chain: nil}}},
		{TargetValue: triggerName,
			Constraints: []validation.Constraint{{Target: "triggerName", Name: validation.MaxLength, Rule: 260, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "triggerName", Name: validation.MinLength, Rule: 1, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "triggerName", Name: validation.Pattern, Rule: `^[A-Za-z0-9_][^<>*#.%&:\\+?/]*$`, Chain: nil}}},
		{TargetValue: rerunTriggerName,
			Constraints: []validation.Constraint{{Target: "rerunTriggerName", Name: validation.MaxLength, Rule: 260, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "rerunTriggerName", Name: validation.MinLength, Rule: 1, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "rerunTriggerName", Name: validation.Pattern, Rule: `^[A-Za-z0-9_][^<>*#.%&:\\+?/]*$`, Chain: nil}}}}); err != nil {
		return result, validation.NewError("datafactory.RerunTriggersClient", "Cancel", err.Error())
	}

	req, err := client.CancelPreparer(ctx, resourceGroupName, factoryName, triggerName, rerunTriggerName)
	if err != nil {
		err = autorest.NewErrorWithError(err, "datafactory.RerunTriggersClient", "Cancel", nil, "Failure preparing request")
		return
	}

	result, err = client.CancelSender(req)
	if err != nil {
		err = autorest.NewErrorWithError(err, "datafactory.RerunTriggersClient", "Cancel", result.Response(), "Failure sending request")
		return
	}

	return
}

// CancelPreparer prepares the Cancel request.
func (client RerunTriggersClient) CancelPreparer(ctx context.Context, resourceGroupName string, factoryName string, triggerName string, rerunTriggerName string) (*http.Request, error) {
	pathParameters := map[string]interface{}{
		"factoryName":       autorest.Encode("path", factoryName),
		"rerunTriggerName":  autorest.Encode("path", rerunTriggerName),
		"resourceGroupName": autorest.Encode("path", resourceGroupName),
		"subscriptionId":    autorest.Encode("path", client.SubscriptionID),
		"triggerName":       autorest.Encode("path", triggerName),
	}

	const APIVersion = "2018-06-01"
	queryParameters := map[string]interface{}{
		"api-version": APIVersion,
	}

	preparer := autorest.CreatePreparer(
		autorest.AsPost(),
		autorest.WithBaseURL(client.BaseURI),
		autorest.WithPathParameters("/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/{resourceGroupName}/providers/Microsoft.DataFactory/factories/{factoryName}/triggers/{triggerName}/rerunTriggers/{rerunTriggerName}/cancel", pathParameters),
		autorest.WithQueryParameters(queryParameters))
	return preparer.Prepare((&http.Request{}).WithContext(ctx))
}

// CancelSender sends the Cancel request. The method will close the
// http.Response Body if it receives an error.
func (client RerunTriggersClient) CancelSender(req *http.Request) (future RerunTriggersCancelFuture, err error) {
	sd := autorest.GetSendDecorators(req.Context(), azure.DoRetryWithRegistration(client.Client))
	var resp *http.Response
	resp, err = autorest.SendWithSender(client, req, sd...)
	if err != nil {
		return
	}
	future.Future, err = azure.NewFutureFromResponse(resp)
	return
}

// CancelResponder handles the response to the Cancel request. The method always
// closes the http.Response Body.
func (client RerunTriggersClient) CancelResponder(resp *http.Response) (result autorest.Response, err error) {
	err = autorest.Respond(
		resp,
		client.ByInspecting(),
		azure.WithErrorUnlessStatusCode(http.StatusOK),
		autorest.ByClosing())
	result.Response = resp
	return
}

// Create creates a rerun trigger.
// Parameters:
// resourceGroupName - the resource group name.
// factoryName - the factory name.
// triggerName - the trigger name.
// rerunTriggerName - the rerun trigger name.
// rerunTumblingWindowTriggerActionParameters - rerun tumbling window trigger action parameters.
func (client RerunTriggersClient) Create(ctx context.Context, resourceGroupName string, factoryName string, triggerName string, rerunTriggerName string, rerunTumblingWindowTriggerActionParameters RerunTumblingWindowTriggerActionParameters) (result TriggerResource, err error) {
	if tracing.IsEnabled() {
		ctx = tracing.StartSpan(ctx, fqdn+"/RerunTriggersClient.Create")
		defer func() {
			sc := -1
			if result.Response.Response != nil {
				sc = result.Response.Response.StatusCode
			}
			tracing.EndSpan(ctx, sc, err)
		}()
	}
	if err := validation.Validate([]validation.Validation{
		{TargetValue: resourceGroupName,
			Constraints: []validation.Constraint{{Target: "resourceGroupName", Name: validation.MaxLength, Rule: 90, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "resourceGroupName", Name: validation.MinLength, Rule: 1, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "resourceGroupName", Name: validation.Pattern, Rule: `^[-\w\._\(\)]+$`, Chain: nil}}},
		{TargetValue: factoryName,
			Constraints: []validation.Constraint{{Target: "factoryName", Name: validation.MaxLength, Rule: 63, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "factoryName", Name: validation.MinLength, Rule: 3, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "factoryName", Name: validation.Pattern, Rule: `^[A-Za-z0-9]+(?:-[A-Za-z0-9]+)*$`, Chain: nil}}},
		{TargetValue: triggerName,
			Constraints: []validation.Constraint{{Target: "triggerName", Name: validation.MaxLength, Rule: 260, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "triggerName", Name: validation.MinLength, Rule: 1, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "triggerName", Name: validation.Pattern, Rule: `^[A-Za-z0-9_][^<>*#.%&:\\+?/]*$`, Chain: nil}}},
		{TargetValue: rerunTriggerName,
			Constraints: []validation.Constraint{{Target: "rerunTriggerName", Name: validation.MaxLength, Rule: 260, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "rerunTriggerName", Name: validation.MinLength, Rule: 1, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "rerunTriggerName", Name: validation.Pattern, Rule: `^[A-Za-z0-9_][^<>*#.%&:\\+?/]*$`, Chain: nil}}},
		{TargetValue: rerunTumblingWindowTriggerActionParameters,
			Constraints: []validation.Constraint{{Target: "rerunTumblingWindowTriggerActionParameters.StartTime", Name: validation.Null, Rule: true, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "rerunTumblingWindowTriggerActionParameters.EndTime", Name: validation.Null, Rule: true, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "rerunTumblingWindowTriggerActionParameters.MaxConcurrency", Name: validation.Null, Rule: true,
					Chain: []validation.Constraint{{Target: "rerunTumblingWindowTriggerActionParameters.MaxConcurrency", Name: validation.InclusiveMaximum, Rule: int64(50), Chain: nil},
						{Target: "rerunTumblingWindowTriggerActionParameters.MaxConcurrency", Name: validation.InclusiveMinimum, Rule: 1, Chain: nil},
					}}}}}); err != nil {
		return result, validation.NewError("datafactory.RerunTriggersClient", "Create", err.Error())
	}

	req, err := client.CreatePreparer(ctx, resourceGroupName, factoryName, triggerName, rerunTriggerName, rerunTumblingWindowTriggerActionParameters)
	if err != nil {
		err = autorest.NewErrorWithError(err, "datafactory.RerunTriggersClient", "Create", nil, "Failure preparing request")
		return
	}

	resp, err := client.CreateSender(req)
	if err != nil {
		result.Response = autorest.Response{Response: resp}
		err = autorest.NewErrorWithError(err, "datafactory.RerunTriggersClient", "Create", resp, "Failure sending request")
		return
	}

	result, err = client.CreateResponder(resp)
	if err != nil {
		err = autorest.NewErrorWithError(err, "datafactory.RerunTriggersClient", "Create", resp, "Failure responding to request")
	}

	return
}

// CreatePreparer prepares the Create request.
func (client RerunTriggersClient) CreatePreparer(ctx context.Context, resourceGroupName string, factoryName string, triggerName string, rerunTriggerName string, rerunTumblingWindowTriggerActionParameters RerunTumblingWindowTriggerActionParameters) (*http.Request, error) {
	pathParameters := map[string]interface{}{
		"factoryName":       autorest.Encode("path", factoryName),
		"rerunTriggerName":  autorest.Encode("path", rerunTriggerName),
		"resourceGroupName": autorest.Encode("path", resourceGroupName),
		"subscriptionId":    autorest.Encode("path", client.SubscriptionID),
		"triggerName":       autorest.Encode("path", triggerName),
	}

	const APIVersion = "2018-06-01"
	queryParameters := map[string]interface{}{
		"api-version": APIVersion,
	}

	preparer := autorest.CreatePreparer(
		autorest.AsContentType("application/json; charset=utf-8"),
		autorest.AsPut(),
		autorest.WithBaseURL(client.BaseURI),
		autorest.WithPathParameters("/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/{resourceGroupName}/providers/Microsoft.DataFactory/factories/{factoryName}/triggers/{triggerName}/rerunTriggers/{rerunTriggerName}", pathParameters),
		autorest.WithJSON(rerunTumblingWindowTriggerActionParameters),
		autorest.WithQueryParameters(queryParameters))
	return preparer.Prepare((&http.Request{}).WithContext(ctx))
}

// CreateSender sends the Create request. The method will close the
// http.Response Body if it receives an error.
func (client RerunTriggersClient) CreateSender(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
	sd := autorest.GetSendDecorators(req.Context(), azure.DoRetryWithRegistration(client.Client))
	return autorest.SendWithSender(client, req, sd...)
}

// CreateResponder handles the response to the Create request. The method always
// closes the http.Response Body.
func (client RerunTriggersClient) CreateResponder(resp *http.Response) (result TriggerResource, err error) {
	err = autorest.Respond(
		resp,
		client.ByInspecting(),
		azure.WithErrorUnlessStatusCode(http.StatusOK),
		autorest.ByUnmarshallingJSON(&result),
		autorest.ByClosing())
	result.Response = autorest.Response{Response: resp}
	return
}

// ListByTrigger lists rerun triggers by an original trigger name.
// Parameters:
// resourceGroupName - the resource group name.
// factoryName - the factory name.
// triggerName - the trigger name.
func (client RerunTriggersClient) ListByTrigger(ctx context.Context, resourceGroupName string, factoryName string, triggerName string) (result RerunTriggerListResponsePage, err error) {
	if tracing.IsEnabled() {
		ctx = tracing.StartSpan(ctx, fqdn+"/RerunTriggersClient.ListByTrigger")
		defer func() {
			sc := -1
			if result.rtlr.Response.Response != nil {
				sc = result.rtlr.Response.Response.StatusCode
			}
			tracing.EndSpan(ctx, sc, err)
		}()
	}
	if err := validation.Validate([]validation.Validation{
		{TargetValue: resourceGroupName,
			Constraints: []validation.Constraint{{Target: "resourceGroupName", Name: validation.MaxLength, Rule: 90, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "resourceGroupName", Name: validation.MinLength, Rule: 1, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "resourceGroupName", Name: validation.Pattern, Rule: `^[-\w\._\(\)]+$`, Chain: nil}}},
		{TargetValue: factoryName,
			Constraints: []validation.Constraint{{Target: "factoryName", Name: validation.MaxLength, Rule: 63, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "factoryName", Name: validation.MinLength, Rule: 3, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "factoryName", Name: validation.Pattern, Rule: `^[A-Za-z0-9]+(?:-[A-Za-z0-9]+)*$`, Chain: nil}}},
		{TargetValue: triggerName,
			Constraints: []validation.Constraint{{Target: "triggerName", Name: validation.MaxLength, Rule: 260, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "triggerName", Name: validation.MinLength, Rule: 1, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "triggerName", Name: validation.Pattern, Rule: `^[A-Za-z0-9_][^<>*#.%&:\\+?/]*$`, Chain: nil}}}}); err != nil {
		return result, validation.NewError("datafactory.RerunTriggersClient", "ListByTrigger", err.Error())
	}

	result.fn = client.listByTriggerNextResults
	req, err := client.ListByTriggerPreparer(ctx, resourceGroupName, factoryName, triggerName)
	if err != nil {
		err = autorest.NewErrorWithError(err, "datafactory.RerunTriggersClient", "ListByTrigger", nil, "Failure preparing request")
		return
	}

	resp, err := client.ListByTriggerSender(req)
	if err != nil {
		result.rtlr.Response = autorest.Response{Response: resp}
		err = autorest.NewErrorWithError(err, "datafactory.RerunTriggersClient", "ListByTrigger", resp, "Failure sending request")
		return
	}

	result.rtlr, err = client.ListByTriggerResponder(resp)
	if err != nil {
		err = autorest.NewErrorWithError(err, "datafactory.RerunTriggersClient", "ListByTrigger", resp, "Failure responding to request")
	}

	return
}

// ListByTriggerPreparer prepares the ListByTrigger request.
func (client RerunTriggersClient) ListByTriggerPreparer(ctx context.Context, resourceGroupName string, factoryName string, triggerName string) (*http.Request, error) {
	pathParameters := map[string]interface{}{
		"factoryName":       autorest.Encode("path", factoryName),
		"resourceGroupName": autorest.Encode("path", resourceGroupName),
		"subscriptionId":    autorest.Encode("path", client.SubscriptionID),
		"triggerName":       autorest.Encode("path", triggerName),
	}

	const APIVersion = "2018-06-01"
	queryParameters := map[string]interface{}{
		"api-version": APIVersion,
	}

	preparer := autorest.CreatePreparer(
		autorest.AsGet(),
		autorest.WithBaseURL(client.BaseURI),
		autorest.WithPathParameters("/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/{resourceGroupName}/providers/Microsoft.DataFactory/factories/{factoryName}/triggers/{triggerName}/rerunTriggers", pathParameters),
		autorest.WithQueryParameters(queryParameters))
	return preparer.Prepare((&http.Request{}).WithContext(ctx))
}

// ListByTriggerSender sends the ListByTrigger request. The method will close the
// http.Response Body if it receives an error.
func (client RerunTriggersClient) ListByTriggerSender(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
	sd := autorest.GetSendDecorators(req.Context(), azure.DoRetryWithRegistration(client.Client))
	return autorest.SendWithSender(client, req, sd...)
}

// ListByTriggerResponder handles the response to the ListByTrigger request. The method always
// closes the http.Response Body.
func (client RerunTriggersClient) ListByTriggerResponder(resp *http.Response) (result RerunTriggerListResponse, err error) {
	err = autorest.Respond(
		resp,
		client.ByInspecting(),
		azure.WithErrorUnlessStatusCode(http.StatusOK),
		autorest.ByUnmarshallingJSON(&result),
		autorest.ByClosing())
	result.Response = autorest.Response{Response: resp}
	return
}

// listByTriggerNextResults retrieves the next set of results, if any.
func (client RerunTriggersClient) listByTriggerNextResults(ctx context.Context, lastResults RerunTriggerListResponse) (result RerunTriggerListResponse, err error) {
	req, err := lastResults.rerunTriggerListResponsePreparer(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return result, autorest.NewErrorWithError(err, "datafactory.RerunTriggersClient", "listByTriggerNextResults", nil, "Failure preparing next results request")
	}
	if req == nil {
		return
	}
	resp, err := client.ListByTriggerSender(req)
	if err != nil {
		result.Response = autorest.Response{Response: resp}
		return result, autorest.NewErrorWithError(err, "datafactory.RerunTriggersClient", "listByTriggerNextResults", resp, "Failure sending next results request")
	}
	result, err = client.ListByTriggerResponder(resp)
	if err != nil {
		err = autorest.NewErrorWithError(err, "datafactory.RerunTriggersClient", "listByTriggerNextResults", resp, "Failure responding to next results request")
	}
	return
}

// ListByTriggerComplete enumerates all values, automatically crossing page boundaries as required.
func (client RerunTriggersClient) ListByTriggerComplete(ctx context.Context, resourceGroupName string, factoryName string, triggerName string) (result RerunTriggerListResponseIterator, err error) {
	if tracing.IsEnabled() {
		ctx = tracing.StartSpan(ctx, fqdn+"/RerunTriggersClient.ListByTrigger")
		defer func() {
			sc := -1
			if result.Response().Response.Response != nil {
				sc = result.page.Response().Response.Response.StatusCode
			}
			tracing.EndSpan(ctx, sc, err)
		}()
	}
	result.page, err = client.ListByTrigger(ctx, resourceGroupName, factoryName, triggerName)
	return
}

// Start starts a trigger.
// Parameters:
// resourceGroupName - the resource group name.
// factoryName - the factory name.
// triggerName - the trigger name.
// rerunTriggerName - the rerun trigger name.
func (client RerunTriggersClient) Start(ctx context.Context, resourceGroupName string, factoryName string, triggerName string, rerunTriggerName string) (result RerunTriggersStartFuture, err error) {
	if tracing.IsEnabled() {
		ctx = tracing.StartSpan(ctx, fqdn+"/RerunTriggersClient.Start")
		defer func() {
			sc := -1
			if result.Response() != nil {
				sc = result.Response().StatusCode
			}
			tracing.EndSpan(ctx, sc, err)
		}()
	}
	if err := validation.Validate([]validation.Validation{
		{TargetValue: resourceGroupName,
			Constraints: []validation.Constraint{{Target: "resourceGroupName", Name: validation.MaxLength, Rule: 90, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "resourceGroupName", Name: validation.MinLength, Rule: 1, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "resourceGroupName", Name: validation.Pattern, Rule: `^[-\w\._\(\)]+$`, Chain: nil}}},
		{TargetValue: factoryName,
			Constraints: []validation.Constraint{{Target: "factoryName", Name: validation.MaxLength, Rule: 63, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "factoryName", Name: validation.MinLength, Rule: 3, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "factoryName", Name: validation.Pattern, Rule: `^[A-Za-z0-9]+(?:-[A-Za-z0-9]+)*$`, Chain: nil}}},
		{TargetValue: triggerName,
			Constraints: []validation.Constraint{{Target: "triggerName", Name: validation.MaxLength, Rule: 260, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "triggerName", Name: validation.MinLength, Rule: 1, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "triggerName", Name: validation.Pattern, Rule: `^[A-Za-z0-9_][^<>*#.%&:\\+?/]*$`, Chain: nil}}},
		{TargetValue: rerunTriggerName,
			Constraints: []validation.Constraint{{Target: "rerunTriggerName", Name: validation.MaxLength, Rule: 260, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "rerunTriggerName", Name: validation.MinLength, Rule: 1, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "rerunTriggerName", Name: validation.Pattern, Rule: `^[A-Za-z0-9_][^<>*#.%&:\\+?/]*$`, Chain: nil}}}}); err != nil {
		return result, validation.NewError("datafactory.RerunTriggersClient", "Start", err.Error())
	}

	req, err := client.StartPreparer(ctx, resourceGroupName, factoryName, triggerName, rerunTriggerName)
	if err != nil {
		err = autorest.NewErrorWithError(err, "datafactory.RerunTriggersClient", "Start", nil, "Failure preparing request")
		return
	}

	result, err = client.StartSender(req)
	if err != nil {
		err = autorest.NewErrorWithError(err, "datafactory.RerunTriggersClient", "Start", result.Response(), "Failure sending request")
		return
	}

	return
}

// StartPreparer prepares the Start request.
func (client RerunTriggersClient) StartPreparer(ctx context.Context, resourceGroupName string, factoryName string, triggerName string, rerunTriggerName string) (*http.Request, error) {
	pathParameters := map[string]interface{}{
		"factoryName":       autorest.Encode("path", factoryName),
		"rerunTriggerName":  autorest.Encode("path", rerunTriggerName),
		"resourceGroupName": autorest.Encode("path", resourceGroupName),
		"subscriptionId":    autorest.Encode("path", client.SubscriptionID),
		"triggerName":       autorest.Encode("path", triggerName),
	}

	const APIVersion = "2018-06-01"
	queryParameters := map[string]interface{}{
		"api-version": APIVersion,
	}

	preparer := autorest.CreatePreparer(
		autorest.AsPost(),
		autorest.WithBaseURL(client.BaseURI),
		autorest.WithPathParameters("/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/{resourceGroupName}/providers/Microsoft.DataFactory/factories/{factoryName}/triggers/{triggerName}/rerunTriggers/{rerunTriggerName}/start", pathParameters),
		autorest.WithQueryParameters(queryParameters))
	return preparer.Prepare((&http.Request{}).WithContext(ctx))
}

// StartSender sends the Start request. The method will close the
// http.Response Body if it receives an error.
func (client RerunTriggersClient) StartSender(req *http.Request) (future RerunTriggersStartFuture, err error) {
	sd := autorest.GetSendDecorators(req.Context(), azure.DoRetryWithRegistration(client.Client))
	var resp *http.Response
	resp, err = autorest.SendWithSender(client, req, sd...)
	if err != nil {
		return
	}
	future.Future, err = azure.NewFutureFromResponse(resp)
	return
}

// StartResponder handles the response to the Start request. The method always
// closes the http.Response Body.
func (client RerunTriggersClient) StartResponder(resp *http.Response) (result autorest.Response, err error) {
	err = autorest.Respond(
		resp,
		client.ByInspecting(),
		azure.WithErrorUnlessStatusCode(http.StatusOK),
		autorest.ByClosing())
	result.Response = resp
	return
}

// Stop stops a trigger.
// Parameters:
// resourceGroupName - the resource group name.
// factoryName - the factory name.
// triggerName - the trigger name.
// rerunTriggerName - the rerun trigger name.
func (client RerunTriggersClient) Stop(ctx context.Context, resourceGroupName string, factoryName string, triggerName string, rerunTriggerName string) (result RerunTriggersStopFuture, err error) {
	if tracing.IsEnabled() {
		ctx = tracing.StartSpan(ctx, fqdn+"/RerunTriggersClient.Stop")
		defer func() {
			sc := -1
			if result.Response() != nil {
				sc = result.Response().StatusCode
			}
			tracing.EndSpan(ctx, sc, err)
		}()
	}
	if err := validation.Validate([]validation.Validation{
		{TargetValue: resourceGroupName,
			Constraints: []validation.Constraint{{Target: "resourceGroupName", Name: validation.MaxLength, Rule: 90, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "resourceGroupName", Name: validation.MinLength, Rule: 1, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "resourceGroupName", Name: validation.Pattern, Rule: `^[-\w\._\(\)]+$`, Chain: nil}}},
		{TargetValue: factoryName,
			Constraints: []validation.Constraint{{Target: "factoryName", Name: validation.MaxLength, Rule: 63, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "factoryName", Name: validation.MinLength, Rule: 3, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "factoryName", Name: validation.Pattern, Rule: `^[A-Za-z0-9]+(?:-[A-Za-z0-9]+)*$`, Chain: nil}}},
		{TargetValue: triggerName,
			Constraints: []validation.Constraint{{Target: "triggerName", Name: validation.MaxLength, Rule: 260, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "triggerName", Name: validation.MinLength, Rule: 1, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "triggerName", Name: validation.Pattern, Rule: `^[A-Za-z0-9_][^<>*#.%&:\\+?/]*$`, Chain: nil}}},
		{TargetValue: rerunTriggerName,
			Constraints: []validation.Constraint{{Target: "rerunTriggerName", Name: validation.MaxLength, Rule: 260, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "rerunTriggerName", Name: validation.MinLength, Rule: 1, Chain: nil},
				{Target: "rerunTriggerName", Name: validation.Pattern, Rule: `^[A-Za-z0-9_][^<>*#.%&:\\+?/]*$`, Chain: nil}}}}); err != nil {
		return result, validation.NewError("datafactory.RerunTriggersClient", "Stop", err.Error())
	}

	req, err := client.StopPreparer(ctx, resourceGroupName, factoryName, triggerName, rerunTriggerName)
	if err != nil {
		err = autorest.NewErrorWithError(err, "datafactory.RerunTriggersClient", "Stop", nil, "Failure preparing request")
		return
	}

	result, err = client.StopSender(req)
	if err != nil {
		err = autorest.NewErrorWithError(err, "datafactory.RerunTriggersClient", "Stop", result.Response(), "Failure sending request")
		return
	}

	return
}

// StopPreparer prepares the Stop request.
func (client RerunTriggersClient) StopPreparer(ctx context.Context, resourceGroupName string, factoryName string, triggerName string, rerunTriggerName string) (*http.Request, error) {
	pathParameters := map[string]interface{}{
		"factoryName":       autorest.Encode("path", factoryName),
		"rerunTriggerName":  autorest.Encode("path", rerunTriggerName),
		"resourceGroupName": autorest.Encode("path", resourceGroupName),
		"subscriptionId":    autorest.Encode("path", client.SubscriptionID),
		"triggerName":       autorest.Encode("path", triggerName),
	}

	const APIVersion = "2018-06-01"
	queryParameters := map[string]interface{}{
		"api-version": APIVersion,
	}

	preparer := autorest.CreatePreparer(
		autorest.AsPost(),
		autorest.WithBaseURL(client.BaseURI),
		autorest.WithPathParameters("/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/{resourceGroupName}/providers/Microsoft.DataFactory/factories/{factoryName}/triggers/{triggerName}/rerunTriggers/{rerunTriggerName}/stop", pathParameters),
		autorest.WithQueryParameters(queryParameters))
	return preparer.Prepare((&http.Request{}).WithContext(ctx))
}

// StopSender sends the Stop request. The method will close the
// http.Response Body if it receives an error.
func (client RerunTriggersClient) StopSender(req *http.Request) (future RerunTriggersStopFuture, err error) {
	sd := autorest.GetSendDecorators(req.Context(), azure.DoRetryWithRegistration(client.Client))
	var resp *http.Response
	resp, err = autorest.SendWithSender(client, req, sd...)
	if err != nil {
		return
	}
	future.Future, err = azure.NewFutureFromResponse(resp)
	return
}

// StopResponder handles the response to the Stop request. The method always
// closes the http.Response Body.
func (client RerunTriggersClient) StopResponder(resp *http.Response) (result autorest.Response, err error) {
	err = autorest.Respond(
		resp,
		client.ByInspecting(),
		azure.WithErrorUnlessStatusCode(http.StatusOK),
		autorest.ByClosing())
	result.Response = resp
	return
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Contact representation of structure interactions for finite element models is nowadays of great interest in the industry. Two contact modellig strategies exist in the literature, either based on a perfect contact with no interpenetration of structures at contact points, or based on functional laws releasing the contact constraint through pressure-penetration relationships. Both strategies require very different and rarely documented numerical implementations, making difficult any objective comparison. This paper presents a benchmark between ideal contact and a functional law of the exponential type applied to squeal simulations by complex mode analysis of an industrial railway brake.


text:
Home > Definitions
Anonymized Data Previously identifiable data (indirectly or individually identifiable) that have been de-identified and for which a code or other link no longer exists. An investigator has NO means for linking anonymized data back to a specific subjects.
Anonymous Data Data that was collected without identifiers and that were never linked to an individual. Coded data are not anonymous. See also de-identified data.
Clinical Trial A research study in which one or more human subjects are prospectively assigned to one or more interventions (which may include placebo or other control) to evaluate the effects of the interventions on biomedical or behavioral health-related outcomes.
Coded Data are separated from personal identifiers through use of a code. As long as a link exists, data are considered indirectly identifiable and not anonymous, anonymized or de-identified.
The Federal Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects or the "Common Rule" was published in 1991 and codified in separate regulations by 15 Federal departments and agencies. The Health and Human Services (HHS) regulations, 45 CFR Part 46 [1], include four subparts:
subpart A, also known as the Federal Policy or the "Common Rule";
subpart B, additional protections for pregnant women, human fetuses, and neonates;
subpart C, additional protections for prisoners; and
subpart D, additional protections for children.
See the HHS website [2] for more information.
Confidentiality refers to the researcher's plan to handle, manage and disseminate the participant's identifiable private information. Researchers should only collect identifiable information when needed (see minimum necessary).
Investigators should ensure that information is not made available or disclosed to unauthorized individuals, entities or processes. Protection of confidentiality is an ethical standard of the health professions.
The voluntary agreement of an individual or their legally authorized representative (informed and competent) for participation in a study.
See IRB consent guidance [3] for more information on the consent process and documentation of informed consent.
Covered Entity Refers to three types of entities that must comply with the HIPAA Privacy Rule: health care providers; health plans; and health care clearinghouses. For purposes of the HIPAA Privacy Rule, health care providers include hospitals, physicians, and other caregivers, as well as researchers who provide health care and receive, access or generate individually identifiable health care information.
Data Use Agreement An agreement between the investigator (recipient) and the covered entity that the investigator will protect the protected health information in a Limited Data Set and use it for the agreed upon purposes.
De-identified Data
A record in which identifying information is removed.
Under the HIPAA Privacy Rule [4], data are de-identified if either:
an experienced expert determines that the risk that certain information could be used to identify an individual is "very small" and documents and justifies the determination, or
the data do not include any of the 18 identifiers (of the individual or his/her relatives, household members, or employers) which could be used alone or in combination with other information to identify the subject. Note that even if these identifiers are removed, the Privacy Rule states that information will be considered identifiable if the covered entity knows that the identity of the person may still be determined.
Directly Identifiable Any information that includes personal identifiers. To determine what data may be considered identifiable, please see items that must be removed under the HIPAA Privacy Rule's [4] definition of de-identified [5].
Department or agency head The head of any Federal department or agency, for example, the Secretary of HHS, and any other officer or employee of any Federal department or agency to whom the authority provided by these regulations to the department or agency head has been delegated.
Disclosure The release, transfer, provision of access to, or divulging in any other manner of protected health information outside the entity holding the information. Requires a specific authorization under HIPAA except if disclosure is related to the provision of health care, payment or operations of the entity responsible for the PHI or under a limited set of other circumstances, as for public health purposes.
Federal department or agency Refers to a federal department or agency (the department or agency itself rather than its bureaus, offices or divisions) that takes appropriate administrative action to make this policy applicable to the research involving human subjects it conducts, supports, or otherwise regulates (e.g., the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the U.S. Department of Defense, or the Central Intelligence Agency.
Health Information Any information, whether oral or recorded in any form or medium, that: (1) Is created or received by a health care provider, health plan, public health authority, employer, life insurer, school or university, or health care clearinghouse; and (2) Relates to the past, present, or future physical or mental health or condition of an individual; the provision of health care to an individual; or the past, present, or future payment for the provision of health care to an individual.
HIPAA The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996. The HIPAA section [4] of this site has more information.
Human Subject
A human subject means a living individual about whom an investigator (whether professional or student) conducting research
(1) Obtains information or biospecimens through intervention or interaction with the individual, and uses, studies, or analyzes the information or biospecimens; or
(2) Obtains, uses, studies, analyzes, or generates identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens.
Top of page [6]
Identifiable biospecimen A biospecimen for which th eidentity of the subject is or may be established by the investigator or associated with the biospecimen.
Identifiable private information Private information for which the identity of the subject is or may be established by the investigator or associated with the information.
Indirectly Identifiable Data that do not include personal identifiers, but link the identifying information to the data through use of a code. These data are still considered identifiable by the Common Rule. To determine what data may be considered identifiable, please see de-identified.
Individually Identifiable
Any information that includes personal identifiers (18 HIPAA Identifiers or any subset of health information that identifies the individual or can reasonably be used to identify the individual).
Institution Any public or private entity, or department or agency (including federal, state, and other agencies.)
An IRB is chartered under the Common Rule [7] to protect human research subjects. The IRB at UCSF also serves the HIPAA Privacy Board [8].
Limited Data Set
A set of data in which most of the protected health information has been removed. The following identifiers of the individual or of the individual's relatives, employers or household members must be removed:
1. Names;
2. Addresses, other than town or city, state, and zip code;
3. Telephone numbers;
4. Fax numbers;
5. Electronic mail addresses;
6. Social security numbers;
7. Medical record numbers;
8. Health plan beneficiary numbers;
9. Account numbers;
10. Certificate / license numbers;
11. Vehicle identifiers and serial numbers (including license plate numbers);
12. Device identifiers and serial numbers;
13. Web universal Resource Locators (URLs);
14. Internet Protocol (IP) address numbers;
15. Biometric identifiers, including finger and voice prints; and
16. Full face photographic images and any comparable images.
See coded.
Minimal Risk
The probability and magnitude of harm or discomfort anticipated in the research are not greater in and of themselves than those ordinarily encountered in daily life or during the performance of routine physical or psychological examinations or tests.
Minimum Necessary
A HIPAA Privacy Rule [4] standard requiring that when protected health information is used or disclosed, only the information that is needed for the immediate use or disclosure should be made available by the health care provider or other covered entity.
This standard does not apply to uses and disclosures for treatment purposes (so as not to interfere with treatment) or to uses and disclosures that an individual has authorized, among other limited exceptions. Justification regarding what constitutes the minimum necessary will be required in some situations (e.g., disclosures with a waiver of authorization and non-routine disclosures).
Need to Know A security principle stating that a user should have access only to the data needed to perform a particular function.
Privacy concerns people, whereas confidentiality concerns data. Privacy refers to a person's wish to control the access of others to themselves.
Privacy Rule
The HIPAA [4] regulations that protect the privacy of health information.
Private Information Information about behavior that occurs in a context in which an individual can reasonably expect that no observation or recording is taking place, and information that has been provided for specific purposes by an individual and that the individual can reasonably expect will not be made public (e.g., a medical record).
Protected Information Health (PHI)
Protected health information (PHI) is any information in the medical record or designated record set that can be used to identify an individual and that was created, used, or disclosed in the course of providing a health care service such as diagnosis or treatment.
See the IRB's HIPAA guidance [4] for more information about what is PHI and what is not PHI.
Here is the list of 18 identifiers under HIPAA:
Names;
All geographical subdivisions smaller than a State, including street address, city, county, precinct, zip code, and their equivalent geocodes, except for the initial three digits of a zip code, if according to the current publicly available data from the Bureau of the Census: (1) The geographic unit formed by combining all zip codes with the same three initial digits contains more than 20,000 people; and (2) The initial three digits of a zip code for all such geographic units containing 20,000 or fewer people is changed to 000.
All elements of dates (except year) for dates directly related to an individual, including birth date, admission date, discharge date, date of death; and all ages over 89 and all elements of dates (including year) indicative of such age, except that such ages and elements may be aggregated into a single category of age 90 or older;
Phone numbers;
Fax numbers;
Electronic mail addresses;
Social Security numbers;
Medical record numbers;
Health plan beneficiary numbers;
Account numbers;
Certificate/license numbers;
Vehicle identifiers and serial numbers, including license plate numbers;
Device identifiers and serial numbers;
Web Universal Resource Locators (URLs);
Internet Protocol (IP) address numbers;
Biometric identifiers, including finger and voice prints;
Full face photographic images and any comparable images; and
Any other unique identifying number, characteristic, or code (note this does not mean the unique code assigned by the investigator to code the data)
Public health authority An agency or authority of the United States, a state, a territory, a political subdivision of a state or territory, and Indian tribe, or a foreign government, or a person or entity acting under a grant of authority from a contract with such public agency, including the employees or agents of such public agency or its contractors or persons or entities to whom it has granted authority, that is responsible for public health matters as part of its official mandate.
Research A systematic investigation, including research development, testing and evaluation, designed to develop or contribute to generalizable knowledge.
Written (or "in writing") For purposes of the Common Rule, refers to writing on a tangible medium (e.g. paper) or in an electronic format.
Source URL: https://irb.ucsf.edu/definitions
[1] http://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/humansubjects/guidance/45cfr46.html
[2] http://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/humansubjects/commonrule/index.html
[3] https://irb.ucsf.edu/consent-guidance-gescr
[4] https://irb.ucsf.edu/hipaa
[5] http://www.research.ucsf.edu/chr/about/Definitions.asp#deidentified
[6] http://www.research.ucsf.edu/chr/about/Definitions.asp#top
[7] http://www.research.ucsf.edu/chr/about/Definitions.asp#common_rule
[8] http://www.hhs.gov/ocr/privacy/hipaa/understanding/special/research/index.html

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


This weekend I attended WriteOnCon which is an online writer's convention. I got to pitch My Mother Road to several agents, and received positive feedback on my novel's concept as well as my query.
There were several panels on diversity in writing that I participated in, and I am excited to put what I've learned into action.
The only real problem I had with the event was that it was difficult to navigate on my phone. I usually don't sit down at my computer unless I'm writing.
The convention also allowed me to network with authors, agents, and others within the publishing world, and hopefully I've made a connection that gets me one step closer to publishing My Mother Road.


text:
Q: How to remove elements of an array based on value fast and efficiently (VBA) I want to remove elements of a 2D array(1 to n,1 to 1) based on a value. in order to do that systematically we should create a function like RemoveElementsFromArray_ByValue(Arr As Variant, value As Variant). My question is how to efficiently code this function in order to perform fast even for big arrays and in other main subs easily.
Note that there could be more than one element with that value that should be removed.
Assume we want to use this function in the following Sub to remove elements of arrays Xi,Yi that respectively have the values equal to any of the elements of the arrays Xi_Inf,Yi_Inf and put the results in arrays Xii,Yii and print the pairs(Xii,Yii):
Sub Test()

    Dim Xi(1 To 5, 1), Yi(1 To 5, 1 to 1) As Long
    Dim Xii(), Yii()
    Dim Xi_Inf(1 To 2, 1), Yi_Inf(1 To 2, 1 to 1) As Long
    Dim i, j As Long

    Xi(1, 1) = 1: Yi(1, 1) = 2
    Xi(2, 1) = 2: Yi(2, 1) = 5
    Xi(3, 1) = 6: Yi(3, 1) = 20
    Xi(4, 1) = 10: Yi(4, 1) = 7
    Xi(5, 1) = 15: Yi(5, 1) = 45

    Xi_Inf(1, 1) = 6: Yi_Inf(1, 1) = 20
    Xi_Inf(2, 1) = 15: Yi_Inf(2, 1) = 45

    n = UBound(Xi, 1): m = UBound(Xi_Inf, 1)
    ReDim Xii(1 To n, 1 To 1): ReDim Yii(1 To n, 1 To 1)

    For i = 1 To n
        Xii(i, 1) = Xi(i, 1): Yii(i, 1) = Yi(i, 1) 'start with Xi,Yi
    Next

    For i = 1 To n
        For j = 1 To m
            If Xi(i, 1) = Xi_Inf(j, 1) Then
                Xii = RemoveElementsFromArray_ByValue((Xii), (Xi_Inf(j, 1)))
                Yii = RemoveElementsFromArray_ByValue((Yii), (Xi_Inf(j, 1)))
            Else
                'do nothing to Xii,Yii
            End If
        Next j
    Next i

    For i = 1 To n - m
        Debug.Print "(" & Xii(i, 1) & "," & Yii(i, 1) & ")"
    Next
End Sub

I expect this result:
(1,2)
(2,5)
(10,7)

Assume we defined a function RemoveElementFromArray_ByIndex(Arr1 As Variant, Index As Long) that removes an element from an array based on an index as following:
Function RemoveElementFromArray_ByIndex(Arr1 As Variant, Index As Long)
    Dim UB1, LB1 As Long
    Dim Arr2() As Variant
    Dim i, k As Long

    UB1 = UBound(Arr1, 1): LB1 = LBound(Arr1, 1)

    ReDim Arr2(LB1 To UB1 - 1, 1 To 1)

    If Index < LB1 Or Index > UB1 Then
        MsgBox "The index is out of range!", vbExclamation
    ElseIf Index = LB1 Then
        k = LB1
        For i = LB1 To UB1 - 1
            Arr2(k, 1) = Arr1(i + 1, 1)
            k = k + 1
        Next i
    ElseIf Index > LB1 And Index < UB1 Then
        k = LB1
        For i = LB1 To Index - 1
            Arr2(k, 1) = Arr1(i, 1)
            k = k + 1
        Next i
        k = Index
        For i = Index To UB1 - 1
            Arr2(k, 1) = Arr1(i + 1, 1)
            k = k + 1
        Next i
    ElseIf Index = UB1 Then
        k = LB1
        For i = LB1 To UB1 - 1
            Arr2(k, 1) = Arr1(i, 1)
            k = k + 1
        Next i
    End If
    RemoveElementFromArray_ByIndex = Arr2
End Function

Should we make use of that function here or basically seek another different idea?!.
Please help me to find the best function RemoveElementsFromArray_ByValue.

A: You could use a dictionary to achieve this. Below example will paste all matching values from colA and colB to colC but you can easily inverse the logic, add blanks instead of skipping the value and convert to a function.
    Sub DictMatch()
        Dim Arr, Arr2, j As Long, i As Long, dict As Object
        Set dict = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary") 'create dictionary lateB
        With dict 'used because I'm to lazy to retype dict everywhere :)
            .CompareMode = 1 'textcompare
            Arr = Sheet1.Range("A1").CurrentRegion.Value2 'load source
            For j = 1 To UBound(Arr) 'traverse source
                If Not .exists(Arr(j, 1)) Then 'set key if I don't have it yet in dict
                    .Add Key:=Arr(j, 1), Item:=Arr(j, 1)
                End If
            Next j
            ReDim Arr2(1 To UBound(Arr), 1 To 1)  'size the target array, just 2 cols
            i = 1
            For j = 1 To UBound(Arr)
                If .exists(Arr(j, 2)) Then 'matching happens here, compare data from target with dictionary
                    Arr2(j, 1) = Arr(j, 2) 'write to target array if match
                End If
            Next j
        End With
        With Sheet1
            .Range(.Cells(1, 3), .Cells(UBound(Arr2), 3)).Value2 = Arr2 'dump target array to sheet
        End With
    End Sub

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Harvard Berkman Klein Center Logo
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Berkman Klein Center Announces 2020-2021 Community
The Breakdown: A video series from BKC
Tim Hwang
This is a Berkman Klein alum page. The information below may be out of date.
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Education, Libraries, & Digital Humanities Governance of Technology & the Internet Media, Democracy, & Public Discourse Ethics and Governance of AI Technology & the Law
http://www.timhwang.org
https://twitter.com/timhwang
Tim Hwang is Director of the Ethics and Governance of AI Initiative at the Berkman-Klein Center and the MIT Media Lab. Formerly, he was the global public policy lead on AI and machine learning for Google.
Dubbed the "The Busiest Man on the Internet" by Forbes, his work has appeared in the New York Times, the Washington Post, Wired Magazine, The Atlantic, and the Wall Street Journal, among others. Previously, he led the Intelligence & Autonomy Project, a two-year research initiative on AI/ML supported by the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation. He is on Twitter @timhwang.
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A long time ago, in the bad old days of the 2000s, debates about the internet were dominated by two great tribes: the Optimists and the Pessimists... More
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What should newsrooms do about deepfakes? These three things, for starters
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Deepfakes
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Can fake doctored videos — known as "deepfakes" — impact elections?
Diagramming Platform Moderation Dilemmas
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Dream of battlefields no more.
To thy home thou'rt gone at last.
The remains of Katherine Stickler, his wife, are at his side, Mrs. Myers having died in 1861, at the age of ninety-six years. A son, William Myers, died in Toronto, April 19, 1899, aged eighty-eight years, and his wife, Cynthia Myers, died two months later. The Myers estate possesses the very venerable long rifle which did much execution in the hands of its owner. This rifle is a prototype of the weapon used not only by the Indian fighters, but by the riflemen who won distinction in the Revolutionary War. This weapon was unknown in what was, and what is now, called the "tidewater" regions, where the inaccurate musket and shotgun were employed. The long rifle was brought to the Pennsylvania frontier by the Swiss Germans, and of course found its way to Virginia, and Carolinas; and the bold men of the mold of Myers who ventured into the Indian country previous to the Revolutionary War, coming, as they did, from Pennsylvania or the Virginia Valley (including Maryland), had this most effective arm. While the long rifle was very heavy, the physical training of the pathfinders enabled them to handle it as readily as the light breechloader of today. The great advantage of the rifle to the pioneer was its accuracy, thus saving ammunition, which was of vast importance. Even the young sons of the pioneers learned to bring in a piece of game for each bullet discharged so unerring was the aim demanded. This was the effective weapon which gave the Americans more than one victory in the Revolutionary War. The Myers rifle, which was called "Limber Jennie," is six feet in length.
The ancestor of the McClellan family, Robert McClellan, a cousin of Robert, the noted scout who was with Wayne, was among the first settlers of Knox Township, coming from Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, in 1808. Descendants still occupy the land.
On Monday, April 3, 1802, the electors of the township met at the house of Henry Pittenger, at which James Pritchard was chosen chairman, and the following officers elected; Township clerk, John Sloane; overseers of the poor, Thomas Robertson, Jacob Nessley; trustees, William Campbell, Isaac White, Jonathon West; fence viewers, Peter Pugh, Henry Cooper, Alexander Campbell; appraisers of houses, John Johnston, J. P. McMillan; lister of taxable property, Isaac West; supervisors of roads, John Robertson, Calvin Moorehead, Richard Jackman; constable, Joseph Reed. On April 4, 1803, sixty-four voters being present, an election was held, Sloan was re-elected clerk; trustees, William Stokes, Thomas Bay (who was with Williamson at Gnadenhutten, and a squatter on Yellow Creek territory in 1785), and Henry Pittenger; fence viewers, Joseph Reed, William Campbell, William Sloan; appraisers of houses, Robert Partridge, Thomas Robertson; lister of taxable property, Isaac West; supervisors of roads, Peter Pugh, James Latimer; constable, David Williamson; justices, J. L. Wilson, James Ball.
In dividing the county into civil townships little or no attention was paid to the township surveyed lines, Smithfield Wayne, Cross Creek and Salem being the only civil townships identical with those numbered by the government surveys, and consequently several of the civil townships embraced fractional parts of the numbered townships.
As already indicated, Toronto, as first laid out, was entirely within the boundaries of Knox Township, occupying the southern corner. New Somerset, however, is the oldest hamlet in the township It is in the northwest corner of the township and was laid out by Baltzer Culp in February, 1816. The lots were 60x150 feet and the streets fifty feet wide. It never grew yond [sic] the proportions of a hamlet, showing a population of seventy-seven in 1870, the only year it obtained separate mention in the census reports, and is no larger now. Knoxville, in the center of the township, was laid out by Henry Boyle in March, 1816, with lots 60x120 and the main street sixty feet wide. Located back from the railroad, like New Somerset, it has remained stationary, showing 168 inhabitants in 1850, 131 in 1860, and 165 in 1870. Like New Somerset, the only public buildings in the town are the churches mentioned below.
When we came down to the river front, a different state of thins exists, and we find a recent development of marked activity. Three miles above the Toronto railway station stands the village of Empire, an old settlement, but a young town, which has had a greater variety of names than any other place in the county. It is located at the mouth of Jeremy's Run, the origin of whose name is forgotten. In 1821, Alexander Stewart, Sr., bought from a man named Buttenburg all that part of Empire lying above Stewart Street, while Lewis K. McCoy subsequently, through a lucky investment in a lottery ticket, secured a large tract on the south side. A fine grove of sugar maples furnished one of the most famous camps in the county, and when this was cleared away the place was called Stumptown. Capt. James Young, a sailor, came here in 1850, bringing with him a collection of Shanghai chickens, probably the first in the county, from which the little took the name Shanghai. His house stood close to the present C. & P. depot, and was surrounded by a spacious yard, but was moved east a short distance, when the railroad came, and has since been extensively altered. W. Stanley occupied it as a dwelling, followed by Abraham Peters as a tavern keeper, in 1855. The town was called Olive City for a while, in honor of the youngest daughter of Lewis K. McCoy, who afterwards laid out the place. Capt. James Young kept the first store and Alexander Zook had the first blacksmith shop. Reference has been made to an early boatyard operated by Frank Shane, and a sawmill owned by Moses Campbell. The fall of 1856 brought the Cleveland & Pittsburgh Railroad, and for some reason the railway officials, not fancying the name Shanghai, or perhaps desiring to compliment McCoy, who had given them a right of way through his property, named the station after him. The next year Mr. McCoy laid out a town with lots 50x100 feet and streets sixty feet wide, which was afterwards made an election precinct, under the old name Shanghai. Samuel Henry was the first to build on the new town plat. The introduction of fire brick making brought business to the place, and it being also the railway station for New Cumberland and the territory across the river, made it a place of some importance, but its marked growth came after 1885, mainly as a result of the establishment of the Empire sewer pipe plant. That company offered the town sufficient bricks to erect a public building on condition that it be renamed Empire City. This suited the people, and steps were taken to incorporate it into a hamlet under that name, with the following officers: Trustees, Samuel P. Berry, president, A. P. Culp and B. Whitcomb; clerk and treasurer, James Stone, Jr.; marshal, Henry Chambers. The hamlet first appears in the census of 1890 with a population of 441, which had increased to 509 in 1900. The increasing population calling for advancement from hamlet to village, on December 4, 1896, a petition was presented to the trustees asking that this be accomplished. An election held on December 26 resulted favorably, and on June 7, 1897, the secretary of state officially proclaimed Empire as a village, the word "city" being dropped. The first village officers elected on april 4, 1899, were as follows: Mayor, E. S. Minor; councilmen, M. O. Gillespie, George Knisely, T. R. Griffith, Frank Culp, E. H. Vandyke, H. H. Beardsmore; treasurer, James Stone; clerk, F. W. Stone; marshal, Gus Whitcomb. Mayor Minor was succeeded by Birch Whitcomb, and he by Thomas Griffith, the present incumbent. The present population of the place is about 800. Immediately above Empire is the flourishing suburb of Ekeyville, laid out and named by James Ekey about twenty-two years ago. It has a population of about 400 people, and there has been more or less talk of consolidating it with Empire. A feature of the latter place is the neat municipal building in a small park full of flowers and shrubbery, the ground being the gift of Mr. McCoy.
Previous to 1862 the residents of this place had to go to Port Homer, two miles above, for their mail and it is not so very many years when they, as well as the Sloane's people voted at Knoxville, three miles distant. In the year named, however, a post office was established here and named McCoy's to, to correspond to the railway station. Prior to the opening of the railroad Shanghai was a relay station for stages carrying the mail, but this does not seem to have given any postal facilities. John Atkinson was the first postmaster, but enlisting during the War of the Rebellion, he was killed in battle and was succeeded by his deputy, M. O. Peters. Mr. Peters, after a long service, was succeeded by Mrs. L. S. Atkinson, widow of the first postmaster, who served until early in 1899, when she was succeeded by George Johnson, who, in turn, was succeeded by Pharaoh Bell and R. Whitcomb, the present incumbent. When the name of the town was changed to Empire, the post office and railroad station were changed to correspond, so that uniformity now prevails. Between here and Toronto are the hamlets of Calumet and Freeman's.
There were numerous thrilling incidents at Shanghai during the "dark and bloody days" of its early history, but the occurrence which attracted more attention than any other, owing to the prominence of the parties, was the shooting of Joseph McDonald by Lewis K. McCoy on Saturday evening, April 6, 1867, at 6:30 o'clock. There had been an old feud between the parties, and on the day named McDonald, who was a resident of New Cumberland, across the river, had been to Steubenville on business. He started for home on the C. & P. evening train, and when it arrived at Shanghai McCoy was there with a carbine. McDonald started towards the ferry landing but had not gone far when some words ensued, and McCoy fired his gun, killing McDonald almost instantly. He at once surrendered to the authorities, and was tried for murder in the first degree at the November term of court following. The best legal talent, both local and foreign, was engaged in his behalf. The trial lasted a week, and the jury, after an all night session, brought in a verdict of murder in the second degree. McCoy was sentenced to life imprisonment, but was pardoned a few years after, and lived quietly at home until his death. He had been a wealthy man, but the expense of his trial and subsequent mismanagement dissipated most of his fortune. It is worth noting that notwithstanding some of the happenings at Shanghai and Newburg during their earlier history these hamlets became among the most law-abiding places in the county with a population above the average type; a position they have since maintained. Empire was one of the first places in the county to be voted "dry."
Fraternal orders have been represented in Empire by Knights of Pythias No. 352, Heptasoph Conclave No. 184, and Junior American Mechanics No. 38.
School was held at Sugar Grove about 1800, but records of pioneer schools are scarce. There was also a school at Shelly's farm near Osage about the same time, and there is a graveyard here supposed to be older than the school. The first schoolhouse at Empire was built in 1858, Casterman Quinn being the teacher. The village now has two good school buildings with six rooms, one of which is the high school. At Knoxville there is a good two-story frame building, containing, with one exception, the only township high school in the county. The other schools are located as follows: Section two, Warren farm; seven, Campbell; ten, Berry; nineteen, Shelly; twenty-one, Edminston; thirty-four, Yellow Creek. Also a large school at Ekeyville.
Sugar Grove M. E. church justly claims to be the pioneer religious organization of the township. It stands very near the Saline Township line, four miles below the mouth of Yellow Creek, and two miles from Empire. The society was organized by James B. and John Finley between 1800 and 1802, the first class including Jacob Nessley, Randall Hale, John Hale, Charles, Hale, James Pritchard, Nathan Shaw, Joseph Elliott, Benjamin Elliott, Robert Maxwell, John Sapp, John Clinton, Jacob Buttenberg and John Herrington, with Charles Hale as leader. The first services were held in a house of round logs, 20x25 feet, which in a few years was replaced by a hewn log building, 25x30. This was burned in 1841, and replaced by the brick structure still standing. The burying ground which was in use before the church was built is one of the oldest in the county, and contains the graves of numerous pioneers whose records have been obliterated. Many of the stones have sunk beneath the surface, and have themselves become entombed while vegetation flourishes luxuriantly above. Preachers were supplied from New Somerset and Knoxville.
One of the oldest religious organizations not only in the township but in the county is the good Hope Lutheran Church at Bowling Green or Osage in Section twenty-five. It was organized by Rev. John Stanch, a Lutheran missionary, on September 12, 1806. For six years he looked after the Germans of that locality, preaching in their own language from house to house, and had thirty-five baptisms and thirty-five confirmations. He was succeeded by Rev. John Rheinhart, another traveling missionary, in 1812, preaching from house to house for four years, this charge being part of quite a large circuit which he supplied. In 1816 the sum of $371.25 was raised with which a frame church was built on the present site, among the early communicants being the Reinharts, Stonebrakers, Easterdays, Grimes, Smiths, Culps, and others. Rev. Rheinhart remained until 1836, the preaching meanwhile being changed from German to English, and was succeeded by Rev. James Manning, who also had charges at Jefferson, Annapolis and Yellow Creek. Rev. Alexander Pope served from 1838 to 1848 and was succeeded by Rev. Amos Bartholomew, and he in turn by Rev. J. Sparks in 1849, who remained ten years. In 1852 a new church was built, costing $500. The old building was dragged to an adjoining lot and used for awhile as a stable. The new one was placed on the same foundation, and with some alterations still stands. Mr. Manning returned in 1859, but the Civil war coming on he seems to have been too ardent to suit some of his congregation, so he did not remain long. Rev. J. Singer served from 1865 to 1867, when there was a vacancy for eleven years, during which time Rev. J. K. Melhorn and others acted as temporary supplies. While rev. Dr. Geberding was in charge of Jewett congregation he proposed separating Bowling Green and Bethel from Salem and Jefferson, which was done, and on June 30, 1878, Rev. A. H. Kennard accepted the double charge, the services being held partly in German and partly in English. He left in 1882 and Rev. J. N. Wolfly supplied the next year. Rev. c. S. Halloway was installed July 1, 1884, and left October 7, 1886. The congregation at Bethel or Yellow Creek had become so small that services were abandoned, and the church was used for a number of years by a UnionSunday School, which also died out, and the building is now an abandoned wreck, with Mr. And Mrs. J. Culp sole survivors of the congregation. On March 1, 1887, Osage was united with Annapolis, but shortly after was transferred to Jewett. Rev. J. F. Booker served two years, then Rev. Kimerer supplied until Rev. O. Reber took charge December 14, 1890, and remained until 1892. Supplies were furnished until 1903 when Mr. Groff, a student of the Chicago seminary, held regular services; Rev. Methorn in 1905, and J. J. Myers the next year. C. E. Read, from the seminary, served the next year and into 1907, and received a permanent call in the spring of 1908, taking charge on may 31. He alsohas a mission at Wellsville, and the the two places now have regular services. The centennial of the church ws observed September 10-12, 1906, by a meeting of the Western Conference of the Pittsburgh Synod and a general reunion with a most interesting programme.
The Knoxville M. E. Church started in 1830 with services in a schoolhouse, Henry Cooper, class leader. Shortly they removed to an unfinished brick building occupied by the Presbyterians. The building ws destroyed by a storm, when services were discontinued, but were revived in 1857, using a house built by the joint efforts of the Methodists, Presbyterians and United Presbyterians. Differences arose, ending in a lawsuit, and the building was abandoned. The Methodists then built a frame church, 32x53 feet, which ha since been occupied when there were services, which have been irregular.
New Somerset M. E. Church was organized by Rev. Joshua Monroe about 1836, J. B. Finley probably preaching the first sermon. The original class was composed of Mary Hartman, Susan Hartman, Catherine Saltsman, Martin, Jane, Philip and Delila Saltsman, Solomon Hartman, William and Hannah Barcus. A schoolhouse was used for a place of worship until the building of a frame church, 30x40 feet. It is at the north end of the village, fourteen miles from Steubenville. The first ministers were Joshua Monroe, John Minor, Dr. Adams, Philip Green, David Merryman, Simon Lock, Harry Bradshaw, J. C. Kent, Thomas Winstanly, Walter Athy, George McCaska, William Divinna, Edward Taylor, william Knox, A. H. Thomas, Samuel Longden, J. E. McGaw, J. Shearer, William Tipton, S. F. Minor, Theophilus Nean, Chester Morrison, George Crook and R. L. Miller. After them came R. Boyd, W. H. Tibbetts and John Chrisman in 1856-7; John Wright, J. F. Nessley, 1858-9; J. M. Bray, S. N. Nesbitt, T. M. Stevens, 1860-62; P. K. McCue, J. Hollingshead, 1863; W. S. Blackburn, 1864-5; S. H. McCall, W. B. Grace, R. M. Freshwater, 1866-8; G. D. Kinner, J. R. Keys, 1869-71; J. Q. A. Miller, 1872; G. W. Dennis, 1873-5; A. J. Lane, 1876; J. H. Rodgers, 1878; J. E. Hollister, 1878; F. Huddleson, 1886-8; M. J. Ingram, 1889; since supplied from other points.
Rev. Samuel Taggart and John Donaldson organized the Knoxville United Presbyterian Church in 1837 with seventeen members. Isaac grafton, Samuel White and Gilead Chapman were chosen ruling elders, and Dr. Watt, J. Stokes and Isaac Grafton, trustees. Rev. Wm. Larrimer became pastor on April 1, 1838, and continued until 1848, when he was succeeded by rev. C. Campbell, who remained until 1854. Rev. J. H. Peacock took charge in September, 1859, and remained until April, 1867. On July 1, 1871, Rev. J. B. Borland began serving it along with his Richmond charge until 1887. It ws separated in 1888 and was served by J. W. Best to 1891; J. B. Goudy, 1894-8; L. L. Gray, 1898-1906; R. B. Fulton, 1907-9, and now by R. A. Kingan. The present church edifice was erected in 1875 at a cost of $3,600 and was dedicated by Rev. S. J. Stewart, of Steubenville. It is a fram building, 32x48 feet.
The Disciples Church of New Somerset was organized September 19, 1840, by Elder John Jackman, with the following members; Joseph Marshall and wife, Matthias Swickard and wife, G. H. Puntius and wife, Daniel Householder and wife, John Billman and wife, Hannah Leatherberry, Jeanette McGhee, Emily Coffman and Mary Householder. The first officers were Joseph Marshall, G. H. Puntious [sic] and Matthias Swickard, elders; and Daniel and Peter Householder, deacons. Chas. E. Von Vorhis was the first regular preacher at $37.50 for one-fourth of his time. His immediate successors were John Jackman, Marlow Martin, Eli Regal, Cornelius Finney, Thomas Dyal, J. M. Thomas, J. D. White, Mason Terry, J. A. Wilson, Robert Atherton, D. O.Thomas, A. Skidman, M. P. Hayden and others. A brick church, 28x40 feet, was erected in 1841, which was replaced by a larger structure about 1890.
Although Rev. J. M. Bray held M. E. services at Empire many years ago the Methodist Protestants had the first organization, Rev. F. A. Brown having formed a class in June, 1873, composed of James Stone and wife, Levi Henry and wife, M. O. Peters and wife, Geo. H. Hinkle and wife, Bernard Herron and wife, John Adams and wife, Margaret Mushrush, Letitia Atkinson, Nancy J. and Elizabeth Hinkle, Lena Bell, Jennie Wherry, Nancy Maxwell and Wm. H. Jones. Trustees, J. C. Maxwell, Bernard Herron, Geo. H. Mushrush, James Stone, John Adams, M. O. Peters and Wm. Jones. A frame church was erected, 32x50 feet, and dedicated December 28, 1873. The first pastors were F. A. Brown, J. B. McCormick and John Daker; later, Rev. J. W. Rice.
The M. E. congregation organized about 1890 and built a neat frame church, holding 300 people. It is served in connection with sugar Grove. The recorded pastors are S. B. Salmon, 1893-5; H. F. Patterson, 1896-9; A. H. Loomis, 1900; N. B. Stewart, 1901-2; W. W. Burton, 1904-5; C. E. King, 1906-7; Ellwood D. Scott, 1908-9.
There is a good sized congregation of Free Methodists at Ekeyville, which meets in McGaffrick's Hall.
Reference has already been made to tunnel mill, one of the old landmarks in the northwest corner of Knox Township. The tunnel by which this mill was fed was dug in the year 1815 by Abner Moore. It is seventy yards in length, cut through a sold rock with a decline of fourteen and one-half feet, equal to about twenty-five horsepower. The creek from where the tunnel starts makes a bend in horseshoe shape of one mile, coming round and passing within thirty yards of the mill.


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HomeEntertainment Pam Grier on Why Her Performance in Quentin Tarantino's 'Jackie Brown' Left Her "Exhausted"
Pam Grier on Why Her Performance in Quentin Tarantino's 'Jackie Brown' Left Her "Exhausted"
When working on Jackie Brown, Pam Grier admitted that her performance left her "exhausted."
In an interview with Yahoo Entertainment for Jackie Brown's 25th anniversary, Grier reflected on starring in the 1997 film in which she portrayed a flight attendant caught smuggling money for an L.A. crime kingpin Ordell Robbie (portrayed by Samuel L. Jackson) and explained how the biggest issue for her during filming was pace.
"Quentin told me that Sam[uel L. Jackson] had a metronome-like quality that's really fast, but that I'd have to slow down for Robert [Forster]," she said. "He warned me that not all actors can do that, so I had to learn."
In the film, Grier's character executes a plan to escape with the smuggled cash, going against Jackson's Ordell and enlisting help from bail bondsman Max Cherry (the late Forster).
"Quentin said to slow my pace down to avoid revealing that I'm planning a scheme," Grier said. "Max knows people inside and out, and knows when they're fooling him — he can smell me if I'm lying. But I also need him, so it's not cut-and-dried. That's why you're exhausted when you work with Quentin Tarantino and his characters!"
When Grier learned that Tarantino crafted the leading character of the film with the actress in mind, Grier admitted to thinking she was "in trouble" because she knew she'd have to "work really hard," as she didn't want to be fired.
After reading the Jackie Brown script for the first time, which was an adaptation of Elmore Leonard's crime thriller Rum Punch, Grier explained that there was a misunderstanding on who would reach out about the project.
"He was waiting for me to call him, and I was waiting for him to call me," she remembered of Tarantino. "He was getting worried, and told [producer] Lawrence Bender, 'What if she doesn't like it? We don't have anyone else!' He was concerned, and rightfully so."
After a few weeks, Grier realized the reason Tarantino didn't contact her was because he had actually left her a note to call him: "I read the note he had written on the back of the script and realized I was supposed to have called him weeks ago! I figured that he had probably recast the role, but I called him and said, 'I love the script. What character am I?' And he said, 'You're Jackie Brown.'" Grier said the director knew so much about her personally that he "brought a lot to that script for me."
Jackie Brown marked Grier's first major leading role at the time since starring in blaxploitation films in the '70s including Foxy Brown and Coffy. Forster earned a nomination for the Academy Award for best supporting actor, with both Grier and Jackson also nominated for Golden Globes.
Amid the film's 25th anniversary on Dec. 25, Grier described working on the film as a "master class in filmmaking" and reignited her interest for directing. "Quentin shared a lot with me that I'm going to be applying to my own work," Grier said, also sharing that she has completed a script for a World War II film.
During an interview on Bill Maher's Club Random podcast, Tarantino also reflected on the film and shared a time when a film financier questioned the director on his Jackie Brown casting decision, asking whether he wished he cast "bigger stars" instead.
"And I go, 'Well, we made $30 million dollars with a movie starring Pam Grier and Robert Forster. I thought that was actually pretty fucking good,'" Tarantino recalled. "His point, though, he goes, 'That's all you' — well, great! I can make a movie with them, and it can do well because I made it? That's the reason to be fucking famous."
When Maher questioned what "stars of the day" in 1997 could he have cast instead, Tarantino listed Angela Bassett and Robert De Niro (De Niro was ultimately cast in the supporting role of Louis Gara).
Should a prequel to Jackie Brown ever come to fruition, Grier said that though the casting choice would ultimately be up to the director, she'd prefer someone who embodies the "blueprint" of the character. However, she would be involved in the casting decisions should her 2010 autobiography, Foxy: My Life in Three Acts, be adapted into a film or television series: "There are going to be little Pams, middle-aged Pams and the Pam that meets Quentin."
Source : HollywoodReporter
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news7.asia Pam Grier on Why Her Performance in Quentin Tarantino's 'Jackie Brown' Left Her "Exhausted"


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text:
Website for North Dakota Growth Fund Launches
FARGO, N.D.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--50 South Capital Advisors, LLC, the general partner of the newly-formed North Dakota Growth Fund (NDGF or the Fund), recently launched its interactive website for the Fund. The Fund was created, with the support of the State Investment Board, to further advance innovation and private markets investments in the state by seeking investments that provide strong risk-adjusted returns and support the growing entrepreneurial ecosystem in the state.
50 South Capital is a leading alternatives investment firm and a wholly owned subsidiary of Northern Trust, a leading, global financial services firm.
The NDGF website can be found at www.NDGrowthFund.com. The dedicated site is designed as a tool for entrepreneurs, business owners and private fund managers to learn more about NDGF, including its investment strategy, eligibility requirements, investment policy statement and investment portfolio.
The site also enables private business owners, fund managers and entrepreneurs to confidentially submit their interest in connecting with 50 South Capital and NDGF's fund managers and underlying portfolio companies.
"North Dakota has a tremendous number of funding resources for entrepreneurs across investment stages and industries," said 50 South Capital Co-Founder & Managing Director Bob Morgan. "We look forward to the Growth Fund's website serving as a helpful tool for the state's world-class founders and business owners looking to identify and review such resources in one dedicated space."
"With the support of the State Investment Board, we have moved expeditiously to form the Fund, launch the website and establish our North Dakota presence, as the equity capital needs for entrepreneurs in the state are significant and we see a tremendous opportunity ahead of us," said 50 South Capital Managing Director Trey Hart. "We greatly appreciate the opportunity to work with state officials in meeting the equity capital needs of entrepreneurs, business owners and private fund managers."
About 50 South Capital Advisors, LLC
50 South Capital Advisors, LLC is an alternatives asset management firm designed to meet the core strategic needs of investors seeking access to private equity, private credit and hedge funds. Its highly experienced team works closely with a wide range of investors to fulfill specific investment objectives and create lasting relationships. 50 South Capital's investment philosophy focuses on providing access primarily to small-to-mid sized managers that offer unique and differentiated sources of return. 50 South Capital is a wholly owned subsidiary of Northern Trust Corporation. Visit www.50SouthCapital.com for more information.
About Northern Trust
Northern Trust Corporation (Nasdaq: NTRS) is a leading provider of wealth management, asset servicing, asset management and banking to corporations, institutions, affluent families and individuals. Founded in Chicago in 1889, Northern Trust has a global presence with offices in 22 U.S. states and Washington, D.C., and across 23 locations in Canada, Europe, the Middle East and the Asia-Pacific region. As of June 30, 2021, Northern Trust had assets under custody/administration of US$15.7 trillion, and assets under management of US$1.5 trillion. For more than 130 years, Northern Trust has earned distinction as an industry leader for exceptional service, financial expertise, integrity and innovation. Please visit their website or follow them on Twitter.
Northern Trust Corporation, Head Office: 50 South La Salle Street, Chicago, Illinois 60603 U.S.A., incorporated with limited liability in the U.S. Please read their global and regulatory information.
Tom Pinto
Tom.Pinto@ntrs.com
http://www.northerntrust.com
https://www.50southcapital.com


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Theatrical Review: Funny Games
"Fiction is as just as real as reality – because you can see it."
This line, spoken by one of the main characters of Funny Games, Michael Haneke's 2008 remake of his own 1997 film, sums up the message of the film pretty nicely.
I had pretty high expectations walking into the theater. The original was fantastic, and forced me to consider the way I view media, which no film I had ever seen did before. I was thrilled when I sat in the back row, in my favorite seat, with about 8 other people in the theater with me. No screaming children, no one on cell phones. Because of this, I was really able to get into and enjoy the movie.
I'll preface the rest of the review by saying this: This movie is definitely not for everyone. Four of the eight other people in the theater with me walked out within the first 45 minutes of the film. It definitely polarizes its audience.
Funny Games is about a upper middle-class family who are accosted by a pair of Abercrombie and Fitch psychopaths at their summer home and forced to play humiliating "games" in order to stay alive. The opening scene, to most people's surprise, is extremely serene. Ann (Naomi Watts) and George Farber (Tim Roth) are driving with their son George Jr. (Devon Gearhart) to their summer house. They play guessing games with opera CDs, and then, abruptly, John Zorn's song "Bonehead" blasts over the soundtrack, and in red, block-style lettering the title of the film is emblazoned onto the screen.
The film's a scene-for-scene remake of the original, so it's not treading new ground as far as the direction. The sets look exactly as they did in the 1997 version, and everything's essentially the same. Where this film truly shines over the original is the casting. Naomi Watts and Tim Roth play the traumatized parents brilliantly, and the pairing of Michael Pitt and Brady Corbet as the perfectly polite psychopaths Paul and Peter is awesome. Their innocent looks contrast their sociopathic tendencies.
There's a cloud of nihilism that overcasts the entire film. There's nothing wrong with the Farbers. They haven't committed any real crimes, and they have a great familial bond. Paul and Peter chose them because they were next door. There's an interaction that occurs between Paul and George Sr. just after the "games" begin. George asks, "Why?" and Paul replies quickly, "Why not?". This is indicative of the message the film is trying to portray.
Funny Games is putting a mirror to the faces of the viewers, using the tropes of the genre to manipulate our feelings towards the film. Paul's breaking of the fourth wall throughout the movie indicates this more than anything else. When Ann is searching for the family dog, Lucky, playing the 'cold, warm, hot' game with Paul, he looks at the camera and smirks. This fazed me the first time I saw the film, and took me out of the movie for a moment, forcing me to review what I'd watched so far, and more specifically, why I was watching it. What motivated me to come and watch this particular movie?
These are the questions Haneke is evoking when Paul acknowledges the film, saying things to the camera like "You're on their side, aren't you?", making the audience look at who they were really behind. They came to a thriller to see the protagonists go through hell and come out the other side, so in a way, the viewer wants the villain to torture and harass the protagonists. His objective is to show you that by enjoying the film, you're a part of it. The viewer is helping turn violence into entertainment, and Haneke delights in making his audience uncomfortable about watching his film.
My biggest problem with Funny Games is that I've seen it before. The message hasn't changed at all. Although it's still relevant today, it's lost some of its force in the ten years between the films (especially with the success of the Saw series and its stance towards violence). Haneke's retreading old ground here, and the question I kept asking was "Why?" There's no reason, in my eyes, to remake this film. He's said what he wanted to say already.
I enjoyed this movie pretty much from start to finish, but the message has been told before, by Michael himself in the original, as well as Kubrick in A Clockwork Orange. He's not doing anything fresh, and as a fan of his work, I'm a bit disappointed that he isn't putting his energy into new and more interesting projects. This is the only flaw I saw in this film, and were it not a remake, I would give it my full and uncompromising support.
20. March 2008 by Jake Moore
Categories: Text Reviews, Theatrical Review	| Leave a comment
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Nearby Cities: South Glens Falls Hudson Falls Queensbury Fort Edward Lake George
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Cell structure and worksheets on pinterest. Cell analogy structure and function worksheet centwardstosar32s worksheet. Cell structure biology and the ojays on pinterest this is a set of three quizzes that i use with my unit function each quiz consists fill in blank questions f. Cell structure and function 8th 9th grade worksheet lesson planet. Cell structure function organelle worksheet.


text:
package cn.aezo.algorithms.sec;

public class App {

    /**
     * 找到最早出现bad开头的字符串
     * input: null output: null
     * input: [] output: null
     * input: ["good1", "good2", "good3", "bad1", "bad2", "bad3"] output: "bad1"
     * input: ["good1", "good2", "bad1", "bad2", "bad3"] output: "bad1"
     * input: ["good1"] output: null
     * input: ["good1", "bad1"] output: "bad1"
     */
    public static void main( String[] args ) {
        System.out.println("ret = " + findFirstBadCommit(new String[]{"good1", "bad0", "good2", "good3", "good3", "bad1", "bad2", "bad3"}));
        System.out.println("ret = " + findFirstBadCommit(new String[]{"good1", "good2", "good3", "good3", "bad1", "bad2", "bad3"}));
        System.out.println("ret = " + findFirstBadCommit(new String[]{"good1"}));
        System.out.println("ret = " + findFirstBadCommit(new String[]{"good1", "good2"}));
        System.out.println("ret = " + findFirstBadCommit(new String[]{"bad1"}));
        System.out.println("ret = " + findFirstBadCommit(new String[]{"bad1", "bad2"}));
        System.out.println("ret = " + findFirstBadCommit(new String[]{"good1", "good2", "good3", "bad1", "bad2", "bad3"}));
    }

    private static String findFirstBadCommit(String[] commits) {
        if(commits == null || commits.length == 0) return null;
        int index = findBad(commits, 0, commits.length - 1);
        return index <= commits.length - 1 && isBad(commits[index]) ? commits[index] : null;
    }

    private static Integer findBad(String[] commits, int start ,int end) {
        if(start == end) {
            return isBad(commits[start]) ? start : start + 1;
        }
        if(isBad(commits[start])) {
            return start;
        }

        int mid;
        int len = end - start + 1;
        if(len % 2 == 0) {
            // 偶
            mid = len / 2;
            int left = findBad(commits, start, start + mid - 1);
            int right = findBad(commits, start + mid, end);
            return Integer.min(left, right);
        } else {
            // 奇
            mid = (len - 1) / 2;
            if(isBad(commits[mid])) {
                return findBad(commits, start, mid + start - 1);
            } else {
                return findBad(commits, mid + start + 1, end);
            }
        }
    }

    // return true if it is bad
    private static boolean isBad(String commit){
        return commit.startsWith("bad");
    }

}