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Salt Lake City United States Finland Olympic Team Germany Olympic Team United States Olympic Team Tim Burke Susan Dunklee Men's skiing Men's Nordic skiing Glaciers General news Weather Winter weather Winter Olympic games Women's Nordic skiing Women's skiing Women's sports Women's biathlon Alpine skiing Men's sports Men's biathlon Biathlon Environment and nature Environment Environmental concerns Olympic games Sports Skiing Nordic skiing
Climate change makes the future of Nordic skiing uncertain
By MARTHA BELLISLE - Jan. 18, 2022 01:08 PM EST
A cross country skier glides along the freshly groomed trails at Cabin Creek Sno Park near Easton, Washington on Dec. 19, 2021. When COVID-19 hit in the winter of 2020, many escaped cabin fever by hitting the ski trails and Nordic skis quickly became the new toilet paper – they were hard to find and sold out in stores. The ski boom has continued as the pandemic makes winter outdoor recreation appealing, but climate change means its future is uncertain. (AP Photo/Martha Bellisle)
WINTHROP, Wash. (AP) — For the first time in 32 years, organizers of the Rendezvous Cross Country Ski Festival in West Yellowstone, Montana, had to cancel November's traditional start-of-the-ski-season event due to a lack of snow.
Some 300 miles away, Soldier Hollow Nordic Center in Utah offered skiing in November by building an elaborate snow-making system while a small operation in Vermont was able to double its ski days after laying new pipe to feed the water-hungry snow-blowers. That wouldn't work at Methow Trails in northern Washington, which can't possibly cover its 200 kilometers (124 miles) of ski tracks with artificial snow; instead, they do snow dances and work on plans to move trails to higher elevation if needed.
The snow hasn't stopped falling but it is certainly not piling up as much or as far as it used to amid climate change and it is hitting a sport that saw wild growth when COVID-19 hit in the winter of 2020. Many escaped cabin fever by hitting cross country ski trails for the exercise, the fresh air and the serenity.
Nordic skis quickly became the new toilet paper – they were hard to find and sold out in stores.
"What COVID did was push people outside," said Reese Brown, executive director of the Vermont-based Cross Country Ski Areas Association. "It brought a huge number of new people to cross country skiing because it's the perfect winter sport."
Still, climate change makes the future of all skiing uncertain, from the elite World Cup circuits and sprawling resorts to the mom-and-pop operations that bustle on weekends with recreational skiers. For cross country centers, warmer temperatures mean more precipitation is falling in the form of rain instead of snow, forcing them to look to snow-making equipment to cover their trails.
The scarcity of water and costs make that option impossible for some, especially in the American West. A new study predicts that mountain states will be in a "low-to-no snow" predicament within 35 to 60 years if greenhouse gas emissions continue at current levels.
The problems have already affected top athletes who spend more time on snow than most. A lack of snow made early-season training difficult for many top cross country ski racers and biathletes as they prepared for the Winter Olympics in Beijing next month. A group of U.S. Ski Team members went to Germany in the fall to train in a ski tunnel.
"In cross country skiing, we see the impact of climate change in the towns that we go through," said Olympic gold medalist Jessie Diggins of Afton, Minnesota. "There are years where they only have manmade snow and 2 kilometers of skiing on a tiny little hamster loop."
When the team trained in a small town in northern Finland that traditionally is guaranteed snow in mid-November, the tracks were limited.
"We were skiing on a ribbon of dirty, manmade snow and there was green moss and little purple flowers blooming on the side of the trail," Diggins said. "It looks wrong and feels wrong."
Tim Burke, a retired U.S. biathlete who has competed in four Winter Games, said he has seen the impact of climate change throughout his career. Places like West Yellowstone used to have reliable snow for early season training "but that's just not true anymore."
Marine Dusser Bjornsen is a former member of the French biathlon team who now lives in Winthrop, Washington, where she runs a ski shop with her husband, retired U.S. ski team member Erik Bjornsen. She watched Nordic skiing explode after COVID-19 hit, but she's also seen how climate change depletes the snowpack.
"When I was 15, 16, we would go to glacier to ski and it was groomed," she said. "Now those glaciers don't exist anymore. It's just rock."
Nordic skiers and biathletes are made in the summer, the saying goes, but climate change has cut into offseason training.
Brian Halligan, biathlon training director at Auburn Ski Club Training Center in Truckee, California, said smoke from the wildfires that hit the Lake Tahoe area in September killed their fall season.
"We're actually thinking of implementing some training camp trips to the East Coast or maybe down in the Bay Area to basically avoid the smoke so we can continue training," he said.
West Coast wildfires even impacted training in the east, according to Olympic biathlete Susan Dunklee, who lives in Vermont.
"I could taste the smoke in the air," Dunklee said. "The change in the air quality puts a stress on your lungs."
Methow Trails, on the east side of the Cascade mountains, boasts of being the largest cross country trail system in North America, with those 124 miles of groomed track that run between the towns of Winthrop and Mazama thanks to agreements with more than 200 state, federal and private landowners.
The operation is a significant contributor to the region's economy to the tune of more than $12 million per season, said James DeSalvo, the trail system's executive director.
"There would be drastic consequences if the snow melted," he said.
Methow's operators have spent years developing contingencies for a low-snow or no-snow winter, but those plans don't include snowmaking. The trail system is just too big.
"And then there's the environmental piece — water," DeSalvo said. "There's already a moratorium on drilling wells in the county."
One option is to move the trails to higher elevations, he said, taking advantage of old logging roads.
"This is one of our strategic priorities and has been for over a decade," he said. "We are very worried about it."
While not an option everywhere, snowmaking has breathed new life into some cross country ski areas that saw the snow disappear.
"If you look at the Alpine ski industry 30 or 40 years ago, they were where we are now with cross country," Brown said. "You had some alpine areas that had some snowmaking and others that didn't have any and it was a struggle. Now virtually every alpine ski area has 50 to 100% snowmaking capacity."
Some smaller Nordic centers in Vermont were able to get set up with snow-making systems for $65,000 to $80,000, Brown said. These involve blowing snow into a pile and using front-end loaders to move the snow around the trails.
Riker Nordic Center in Ripton, Vermont, made a bigger investment and went from 70 days of skiing to 140 thanks to HKD snowmaking equipment. The initial cost topped $850,000 and it's about $40,000 every season to maintain the system, which includes labor and electricity, Brown said.
Luke Bodensteiner, general manager of the Soldier Hollow center where cross country skiing and biathlon races took place during the 2002 Salt Lake City Olympics, said climate change has reduced the snow they see each year.
"The natural winters are definitely getting shorter. No question about it," he said. "We've probably lost two to three weeks early season skiing on natural snow on both the front end and the back end of the year since this place was established."
Utah is hoping to host the Winter Olympics in 2030 or 2034. Soldier Hollow has invested in state-of-the-art snow-making equipment to make that work. It helps that they sit at an elevation of 5,900 feet (1,798 meters) with colder temperatures. Still, the changing climate has made an impact.
"We've been able to kind of keep pace with our historical opening days but we do it far less often on natural snow and far more often on manmade snow," Bodensteiner said.


Kainat Beauty asserts to make products for your body that are always natural and created from ingredients with integrity. We do not use any products that come from GMO's, nor do we support the use of GMO's in any product. We strive, whenever possible, to use local and organic ingredients, and we carefully monitor the temperature of our processes to ensure our ingredient maintain their beneficial qualities. In addition, we strongly believe in reducing animal cruelty by using as few animal by products as possible and by never using ingredients that are tested on animals. Kainat Beauty officially stance is to not test on animals.


Square Enix will soon be introducing a brand new class of ruthless combatants into the world of Nosgoth with the recently revealed Beastmasters class, the new class that wields deadly primal magic and powerful firearms to unleash huge amounts of damage on their enemies.
The Beastmasters will soon be joining the fight against the Vampires as it's the next class to be introduced to the Human faction. Greg Nichols of Psyonix today treats players to a sneak peek at the upcoming Beastmaster class in a brand new video where he demonstrates the abilities and weapons of the Beastmasters.


The XOR function is one of the logical functions. It is used to return a logical Exclusive Or of all arguments. The function returns TRUE when the number of TRUE inputs is odd and FALSE when the number of TRUE inputs is even.
where logical1 is a value entered manually or included into the cell you make reference to.
Note: you can enter up to 254 logical values.
There are two arguments: logical1 = 1>0, logical2 = 2>0. The number of TRUE inputs is even, so the function returns FALSE.
There are two arguments: logical1 = 1>0, logical2 = 2<0. The number of TRUE inputs is odd, so the function returns TRUE.


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Dr. Marty Olliff examines the history of the National Peanut Festival through archival photos.
The National Peanut Festival has been celebrated in Dothan since 1938 (except for the World War II years). This first Peanut Festival came from the long tradition of harvest celebrations and the Wiregrass' successful 20-year experiment with planting peanuts to avoid the economic calamity of the cotton boll weevil.


LONDON: Baloch Republican Party (BRP) held protests in London and Germany against the alleged enforced disappearances in Balochistan. In a statement, the Baloch Republican Party central spokesman, Sher Mohammad Bugti said that the protest in Germany's Chemnitz city was aimed at highlighting the escalation of the military operation and increased enforced disappearances in Balochistan in front of the entire world.
"Enforced disappearances are once more escalating. College, university Baloch students and those who protest these inhuman atrocities are a specific target of this practice by the armed forces of Pakistan" he added.
Bugti also said that similar demonstration was held at 10 Downing Street in London to protest against the enforced disappearances in Balochistan and stand in solidarity with the families of the victims. "BRP will continue to raise voice against the illegal abductions in Balochistan at every forum," he added.
Addressing the demonstration in Germany, BRP Germany Chapter president Jawad Mohammad Baloch said that the minorities were being targeted not only in Balochistan but across Pakistan. Meanwhile, Baloch people had been facing Pakistan army's wrath from the last 70 years, he added.
"Thousands of Baloch people detained by Pakistan army in the recent escalation in abductions in Balochistan," Baloch stated.
"Our mothers and sisters have come out in the Quetta Press Club in this cold weather for their abducted loved ones. Some of them have been abducted years back but their families are still kept unaware of their crimes," he asserted.
"There is no law in Balochistan, the State agencies do as they please. They abducted whoever they want, ask for ransom or kill and dump them. Thousands of Baloch people have been victimised by this practice of the state agencies," Baloch revealed.


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When you feel joyous over your accomplishment, you have separated yourself from the Bliss. That means, you have embraced the ego and not the Divine. If a particular action is to create a reaction in your mind, either in the form of joy or in the form of grief, it goes without saying that you have been attached to your action. If your mind is filled with sattwic virtues, you will have the power to give up the fruit of action to the Divine. But to take yourself to the height of yoga, you should have that strong sense of detachment, not the detachment from desire only, but detachment from the agency of action.


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Congratulations to the midshipmen of the King Point Automobile Club for successfully hosting the Long Island Car Club Council on Saturday at the United States Merchant Marine Academy.
The 2019 Long Island Car Club Council Meeting has been scheduled at a wonderful location-the United States Merchant Marine Academy, Kings Point The meeting will be held inside Melville Hall on Saturday, February 23, 2019 beginning at 10:00 am.
Three Long Island automobile shows have selected the 1963 Mustang III Concept Show Car as their "poster car".
The September 2015 issue of Hemmings Classic Car features Chrysler's Chrysler on its cover. Highlights of the first article are below.
There will five car shows scheduled on Long Island this Sunday.
Andy Newman reported on the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy Car Show in today's issue of the Great Neck Record.
Last Sunday, the first car show ever held at the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy was a major success. The midshipmen's Kings Point Auto Club is already planning the 2016 car show.


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Q: How can I enable smooth scrolling in Adobe Acrobat Reader DC? I just updated to the latest Adobe Acrobat Reader DC, and since then, the scrolling in the pdf documents is very poor, it is like lines are jumping on the screen.
This problem wasn't in the previous version of Adobe Reader XI. And even now other applications like chrome is having smooth scrolling normally (It is not a problem in my driver).
I did many searches, but I found no results at all!
I am running Windows 7 Ultimate - 32 bits.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Solvay process
Solvay process: translation
The Solvay process, also referred to as the ammonia-soda process, is the major industrial process for the production of "soda ash" (sodium carbonate). The ammonia-soda process was developed into its modern form by Ernest Solvay during the 1860s. The ingredients for this process are readily available and inexpensive: salt brine (from inland sources or from the sea) and limestone (from mines). The worldwide production of soda ash in 2005 has been estimated at 42 billion kilograms (92 billion pounds),Kostick, Dennis (2006). [http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/soda_ash/soda_myb05.pdf "Soda Ash"] , chapter in "2005 Minerals Yearbook," United States Geological Survey. See Table I.] which is more than six kilograms per year for each person on earth. Solvay-based chemical plants now produce roughly three-fourths of this supply, with the remainder being mined from natural deposits.
The Solvay process produces soda ash (predominantly sodium carbonate (Na2CO3)) from brine (as a source of sodium chloride (NaCl)) and from limestone (as a source of calcium carbonate (CaCO3)).cite journal | author = Kiefer, David M. | url= http://www.webcitation.org/5WGM2f75m | title = Soda Ash, Solvay Style | journal = Today's Chemist at Work | volume = 11 | issue = 2 | month = February | year = 2002 | pages = 87–88, 90 Online version archived at WebCite from [http://pubs.acs.org/subscribe/journals/tcaw/11/i02/html/02chemchron.html this original URL] on 2008-03-12.] The overall process is:
:2 NaCl + CaCO3 → Na2CO3 + CaCl2
The actual implementation of this global, overall reaction is intricate. [cite book |last=Speight |first=James |title= Chemical Process and Design Handbook |year=2001 |publisher=McGraw Hill | isbn = 0071374337 | doi = 10.1036/0071374337] [http://www.webcitation.org/5W0IxdohY "Process Best Practices Reference Document (BREF) for Soda Ash,"] report produced by the [http://www.cefic.be/templates/shwAssocDetails.asp?NID=473&HID=27&ID=60 European Soda Ash Producer's Association] , March 2004. Archived at WebCite from [http://www.cefic.be/files/Publications/ESAPA_Soda_Ash_Process_BREF3.pdf this original URL] on 2008-03-01.] [cite book |last=Moore |first=John T. Edd |title=Chemistry Made Simple |year=2005 |publisher=Broadway Books |location= |isbn = 0767917022 | pages=190] A simplified description can be given using the four different, interacting chemical reactions illustrated in the figure. In the first step in the process, carbon dioxide (CO2) passes through a concentrated aqueous solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) and ammonia (NH3).
:NaCl + CO2 + NH3 + H2O → NaHCO3 + NH4Cl (I)
In industrial practice, the reaction is carried out by passing concentrated brine through two towers. In the first, ammonia bubbles up through the brine and is absorbed by it. In the second, carbon dioxide bubbles up through the ammoniated brine, and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) precipitates out of the solution. Note that, in a basic solution, NaHCO3 is less water-soluble than sodium chloride. The ammonia (NH3) buffers the solution at a basic pH; without the ammonia, a hydrochloric acid byproduct would render the solution acidic, and arrest the precipitation.
The necessary ammonia "catalyst" for reaction (I) is reclaimed in a later step, and relatively little ammonia is consumed. The carbon dioxide required for reaction (I) is produced by heating ("calcination") of the limestone at 950 - 1100 °C. The calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in the limestone is partially converted to quicklime (calcium oxide (CaO)) and carbon dioxide:
:CaCO3 → CO2 + CaO (II)
The sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) that precipitates out in reaction (I) is filtered out from the hot ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) solution, and the solution is then reacted with the quicklime (calcium oxide (CaO)) left over from heating the limestone in step (II).
:2 NH4Cl + CaO → 2 NH3 + CaCl2 + H2O (III)
CaO makes a strong basic solution. The ammonia from reaction (III) is recycled back to the initial brine solution of reaction (I).
The sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) precipitate from reaction (I) is then converted to the final product, sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), by calcination (160 - 230 C), producing water and carbon dioxide as byproducts:
:2 NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2 (IV)
The carbon dioxide from step (IV) is recovered for re-use in step (I). When properly designed and operated, a Solvay plant can reclaim almost all its ammonia, and consumes only small amounts of additional ammonia to make up for losses. The only major inputs to the Solvay process are salt, limestone and thermal energy, and its only major byproduct is calcium chloride, which is sold as road salt.
Additional details of the industrial implementation of this process are available in the report prepared for the European Soda Ash Producer's Association.
Uses of Soda Ash
Soda ash is used in many industrial processes, and its production is sometimes used as an indicator of economic health. The principal current uses include:
*Glass making: More than half the worldwide production of soda ash is used to make glass. Bottle and window glass (Soda-lime glass) is made by melting a mixture of sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate and silica sand (silicon dioxide (SiO2)).
*Water treatment: Sodium carbonate is used to soften water (precipitates out Mg2+ and Ca2+ carbonates). This is used both industrially and domestically (in some washing powders).
*Making soaps and detergents: Often sodium carbonate is used as a cheaper alternative to lye (sodium hydroxide (NaOH)).
*Paper making: Sodium carbonate is used to make sodium bisulfite (NaHSO3) for the "sulfite" method of separating lignin from cellulose.
*As a common base in many chemical factories because it is cheaper than NaOH and far safer to handle.
*Making sodium bicarbonate: NaHCO3 is used in baking soda and fire extinguishers. Although NaHCO3 is produced in the Solvay process, heating it to remove the ammonia it is contaminated with decomposes some NaHCO3, so it is actually cheaper to react the finished Na2CO3 product with CO2.
*Removing sulfur dioxide (SO2) from flue gases in power stations. This is becoming more common, especially where stations have to meet stringent emission controls.
The name "soda ash" is based on the principal historical method of obtaining alkali, which was by using water to extract it from ashes. Wood fires yielded potash and the active ingredient potassium carbonate. The word "soda" (from the Middle Latin) originally referred to certain plants that grow in salt marshes; it was discovered that the ashes of these plants yielded the useful alkali "soda ash." The cultivation of such plants for production of soda ash reached a particularly high state of development in the 18th Century in Spain, where the plants are named "barrilla"; the English word is "barilla." [The barilla used for soda ash production refers to any of several bushy plants that are well adapted to grow in salt marshes, and that are common in Spain and Italy. The ashes of these plants can contain as much as 30% sodium carbonate. The principal species for soda ash production were the "saltworts" "Salsola soda" or "Salsola kali", but several other species could also be used.] [Pérez, Joaquín Fernández (1998). [http://www.webcitation.org/5W0IroD9s "From the barrilla to the Solvay factory in Torrelavega: The Manufacture of Saltwort in Spain,"] "Antilia: The Spanish Journal of History of Natural Sciences and Technology," Vol. IV, Art. 1. ISSN 1136-2049. Archived by WebCite from [http://www.ucm.es/info/antilia/revista/vol4-en/ant4-1-en.htm this original URL] on 2008-03-01.] [Grieve, M. (1931). "A Modern Herbal," ISBN 0-486-22798-7 & 0486227995. See section on [http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/g/glassw18.html glasswort] . Retrieved October 21, 2005.] The ashes of kelp also yield soda ash, and were the basis of an enormous 18th Century industry in Scotland. Alkali was also mined from dry lakebeds in Egypt.
By the late 1700s, however, these sources were insufficient to meet Europe's burgeoning demand for alkali for soap, textile, and glass industries.cite journal | author = Kiefer, David M. | url = http://www.webcitation.org/5WGKqjQ7q | title = It was all about alkali | journal = Today's Chemist at Work | volume = 11 | issue = 1 | pages = 45–6 Online version archived at WebCite from [http://pubs.acs.org/subscribe/journals/tcaw/11/i01/html/01chemchron.html this original URL] on 2008-03-12.] In 1791, the French physician Nicolas Leblanc developed a method to manufacture soda ash using salt, limestone, sulfuric acid, and coal. Although the Leblanc process came to dominate alkali production in the early 1800s, the expense of its inputs and its polluting byproducts (including hydrochloric acid gas) made it apparent that it was far from an ideal solution.
It has been reported that, in 1811, the renowned French physicist Augustin Jean Fresnel discovered that sodium bicarbonate precipitates when carbon dioxide is bubbled through ammonia-containing brine— which is the chemical reaction central to the Solvay process. The discovery wasn't published. As has been noted by Desmond Reilly, "The story of the evolution of the ammonium-soda process is an interesting example of the way in which a discovery can be made and then laid aside and not applied for a considerable time afterwards." [cite journal | author = Reilly, Desmond | month = December | year = 1951 | title = Salts, Acids & Alkalis in the 19th Century. A Comparison between Advances in France, England & Germany | journal = Isis | volume = 42 | issue = 4 | pages = 287–296 | url = http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0021-1753%28195112%2942%3A4%3C287%3ASA%26AIT%3E2.0.CO%3B2-6 | doi = 10.1086/349348] Serious consideration of this reaction as the basis of an industrial process dates from the British patent issued in 1834 to H. G. Dyan and J. Henning. There were several attempts to reduce this reaction to industrial practice, with varying success.
In 1861, the Belgian industrial chemist Ernest Solvay turned his attention to the problem; he was apparently largely unaware of the extensive earlier work. His solution, an 80-foot-tall gas absorption tower in which carbon dioxide bubbled up through a descending flow of brine, together with efficient recovery and recycling of the ammonia, proved effective, and by 1864, Solvay and his brother Alfred had acquired good financial backing and constructed a plant in the Belgian town of Charleroi. The new process proved more economical and less polluting than the Leblanc method, and its use spread. In 1874, the Solvays expanded their facilities with a new, larger plant at Nancy, France.
In the same year, Ludwig Mond visited Solvay in Belgium and acquired rights to use the new technology. He and John Brunner formed the firm of Brunner, Mond & Co., and built a Solvay plant at Winnington, near Northwich, Cheshire, England. The facility started up in 1874. Mond was instrumental in making the Solvay process a commercial success; he made several refinements between 1873 and 1880 that removed byproducts that could slow or halt the mass production of sodium carbonate through use of the process.
In 1884, the Solvay brothers licensed Americans William B. Cogswell and Rowland Hazard to produce soda ash in the United States, and formed a joint venture (Solvay Process Company) to build and operate a plant in Solvay, New York.
By the 1890s, Solvay process plants produced the majority of the world's soda ash.
In 1938, large natural deposits of the mineral Trona were discovered near the Green River in Wyoming. Sodium carbonate can be mined from this source less expensively than it can be produced by the Solvay process, and with the closing of the original Solvay, New York plant in 1986, there have been no Solvay-based plants operating in North America. Throughout the rest of the world, however, the Solvay process remains the major source of soda ash.
Byproducts and Wastes
The principal byproduct of the Solvay process is calcium chloride (CaCl2) in aqueous solution. The process has other waste and byproducts as well. Not all of the limestone that is calcined is converted to quicklime and carbon dioxide (in reaction II); the residual calcium carbonate and other components of the limestone becomes wastes. In addition, the salt brine used by the process is usually purified to remove magnesium and calcium ions, typically to form carbonates; otherwise, these impurities would lead to scale in the various reaction vessels and towers. These carbonates are additional waste products.
In inland plants, such as that in Solvay, New York, the byproducts have been deposited in "waste beds;" the weight of material deposited in these waste beds exceeded that of the soda ash produced by about 50%. These waste beds have led to water pollution, principally by calcium and chlorine ions. The waste beds in Solvay, New York substantially increased the salinity in nearby Onondaga Lake, which is among the most polluted lakes in the U.S. [ [http://www.onlakepartners.org/p12036.html Onondaga Lake Partnership] . Retrieved 2006-10-14.] and is a superfund pollution site. [U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, superfund [http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0203382 ID NYD986913580] . Retrieved 2006-10-14.] As such waste beds age, they do begin to support plant communities which have been the subject of several scientific studies. [Cohn, E.V.J., Rostanski, A., Tokarska-Guzik, B., Trueman, I.C., and Wozniak, G. (2001). "The flora and vegetation of an old Solvay process tip in Jaworzno (Upper Silesia, Poland)." "ActaSoc. Bot. Pol." 70(1):47-60.] [Michalenko, Edward M. (1991). "Pedogenesis and invertebrate microcommunity succession in immature soils originating from chlor-alkali wastes," doctoral dissertation, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York.]
At seaside locations, such as those at Saurashtra, Gujarat, India, [ [http://www.webcitation.org/5W0KjAKfk "Technology in the Indian Soda Ash Industry"] , Technology Status Report #148 (October, 1995), [http://dsir.nic.in Department of Scientific and Industrial Research] , Ministry of Science & Technology, India. Archived by WebCite from [http://dsir.nic.in/reports/techreps/tsr148.pdf this original URL] on 2008-03-01.] and at Osborne, South Australia, [ [http://www.penrice.com.au/company.htm "Penrice Soda Holdings Limited"] . Retrieved 2006-10-14.] the CaCl2 solution may be discharged directly into the sea, apparently without substantial environmental harm. In the "modified" Solvay process, the CaCl2 is supplanted by ammonium chloride (NH4Cl). NH4Cl, which can be used in fertilizer, may have greater commercial value than CaCl2, thus reducing the extent of waste beds.
Carbon Sequestration and the Solvay Process
Variations in the Solvay process have been proposed for carbon sequestration. One idea is to react carbon dioxide, produced perhaps by the combustion of coal, to form solid carbonates (such as sodium bicarbonate) that could be permanently stored, thus avoiding carbon dioxide emission into the atmosphere. [Huijgen, W.J.J. and Comans, R.N.J. (February, 2003). [http://www.ecn.nl/docs/library/report/2003/c03016.pdf "Carbon dioxide sequestration by mineral carbonation: Literature Review,"] Report ECN C-03-016, [http://www.edn.nl/en/ Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands] . Retrieved 2006-10-14.] [Cite journal | volume = 27 | issue = 1 | pages = 193–232 | last = Lackner | first = Klaus S | title = Carbonate Chemistry for Sequestering Fossil Carbon | journal = Annual Review of Energy and the Environment | year = 2002 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.energy.27.122001.083433] Variations in the Solvay process have been proposed to convert carbon dioxide emissions into sodium carbonates, but carbon sequestration by calcium or magnesium carbonates appears more promising.
* [http://www.cefic.be/Templates/shwAssocDetails.asp?NID=473&HID=27&ID=60 European Soda Ash Producer's Association (ESAPA)]
* [http://www.clrc.org/solvay/splsproom.htm Solvay Process Collection, Solvay (New York) Public Library.]
* [http://www.onondaganation.org/etimeline.pdf Timeline of US plant at Solvay, New York]
* [http://www.saltsense.co.uk/hist-chem11.htm Salt and the Chemical Revolution]
Spacewatch
Big Flame (political group)
Solvay process — [säl′vā] n. [developed by Ernest Solvay (1838 1922), Belg chemist] a process for making soda (sodium carbonate) by treating common salt (sodium chloride) with ammonia and carbon dioxide … English World dictionary
Solvay process — a process for manufacturing sodium carbonate whereby a concentrated solution of sodium chloride is saturated with ammonia, carbon dioxide is passed through it, and the product is calcined. [1885 90; named after E. SOLVAY] * * * or ammonia soda… … Universalium
Solvay process — /ˈsɒlveɪ ˌproʊsɛs/ (say solvay .prohses) noun a process for manufacturing sodium carbonate from sodium chloride (common salt). It consists essentially of saturating a concentrated solution of sodium chloride with ammonia, and passing carbon… … Australian English dictionary
Solvay process — noun Etymology: Ernest Solvay died 1922 Belgian chemist Date: 1884 a process for making soda from common salt by passing carbon dioxide into ammoniacal brine resulting in precipitation of sodium bicarbonate which is then calcined to carbonate … New Collegiate Dictionary
Solvay process — noun an industrial process for producing sodium carbonate from sodium chloride and ammonia and carbon dioxide • Hypernyms: ↑industrial process … Useful english dictionary
Solvay Process Company — The Solvay Process Company was a pioneer chemical industry of the United States, a major employer in central New York, and origin of the Village of Solvay, New York.The Solvay Process Company was a joint venture between the inventing chemists,… … Wikipedia
Solvay — may refer to* Solvay a Belgian pharmaceuticals, chemicals and plastics company * the Solvay process * Ernest Solvay, its inventor * Solvay Conference * the Solvay Business School * Solvay, New York … Wikipedia
Solvay, New York — Infobox Settlement official name = Solvay, New York settlement type = Village nickname = motto = imagesize = image caption = image |pushpin pushpin label position = pushpin map caption =Location within the state of New York pushpin mapsize =… … Wikipedia
Solvay , Ernest — (1838–1922) Belgian industrial chemist Solvay was born at Rebecq Rognon in Belgium. As the son of a salt refiner and the nephew of a manager of a gas plant, he was introduced at an early age to the techniques and problems of the chemical industry … Scientists
Solvay (company) — This article deals with the company named Solvay. For other meanings see Solvay. Infobox Company company name = Solvay SA company company type = Public foundation = 1863 location = Brussels, Belgium key people = Aloïs Michielsen (Chairman of the… … Wikipedia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


With increasing use of websites to communicate, it is also necessary to be able to track how effective the websites are. Simple visitor statistics can provide some insight into how websites are being used.
UCOnline has been asked to investigate the acquisition of enterprise web analysis tools, to analyse the structure and use of the University's web sites. Such a system will allow us to provide statistics on visitors to the various pages around the campus, usage patterns and so on. With proper interpretation, suitable tools will allow use to provide a better service to users of the websites, identify broken links and orphan pages (those with no links to them), and other structural and usage issues.
An enterprise-wide system is likely to cost the University $20,000 to $50,000, with annual maintenance costs of between $2,000 and $20,000. Webtrends [ http://www.netiq.com/webtrends/ ] is an example of the type of software used commercially for this purpose.


shrimp drying equipment/sea cucumber food dryer machine/hot air oven dryer. Compare ... 100kg/batch dry sea cucumber machine/fish drying equipment/mushroom dryer machine .... Hot Air Recycling sea cucumber dryer machine ... Industrial energy saving hot air 75% tray automatic delydrator machine/fish,fruit and.
Dried petfood is a new industrial production in ... to indoor drying of salted fish, cod heads, small fish, stockfish ... fish, is done in such a way that hot air is blown over the fish ..... make the cabinet very long or to recycle part of the air before. 32.
Ding-Han is Taiwan high quality Dryer manufacturer and Dryer supplier with more than 20 years manufacturing experience for ... Hot air recycle, dry evenly. 9.
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24 Air-Fish Temperature Difference with Drying Rate. 25 Drying Rates with ... Plant in Valleyfield, Newfoundland, operated by the Industrial Development Service. There were two ..... This run was carried out using temporary hot water heating system from ... Part of the range is due to changing from full to no recirculation.
applications include mercerizing, drying and finishing in textile industry; drying, dissolving ... fruits, spices, cereals, mushroom, papad, vegetables, fish, seafood etc. Hot air is ... integrated solar collectors which is sent to the recirculation drier being run on ... Vapour absorption machines are widely in use in the country for.
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Industrial Ecology Programme (IndEcol) .... Hot air driers. .... Fish meal production with excess heat at Mongstad .............................................................25 ..... heat pumps and recycling of air or steam. ..... Indirect hot air dryers offer the same advantage as the steam dryers in the sense that the .... Twin screw machines handle oily,.
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At the 65th Annual Robert R. Lazar Middle School Promotion Ceremony, 269 eighth grade students of the Class of 2022 became high school freshman. The highly anticipated event was held on Wednesday, June 20, 2018, at Montville Township High School. Lazar was named a National School of Character in May by Character.org. As the district's only middle school, it is one of seven Montville Township Public Schools. Montville Township Public Schools was also named a National District of Character.
The promotion ceremony for the Class of 2022 is the first Pasciuto has presided over since his arrival in the Montville Township Public Schools district in July 2017.
Pasciuto asked the students to always get back up when life knocks them down, noting that he is proud of the confidence with which the class handles life's hardships.
President of the Lazar Student Council Adit Terapanthi led the Pledge of Allegiance and addressed his peers.
Grace Laurito who received the The Lynette Berdej Memorial Award. This award is given in memory of Lynette Berdej, who spent many wonderful years teaching at Lazar. It is awarded to a student who embodies the qualities of compassion, determination, kindness and integrity.
The recipient of two awards, Jakub Garbien took home the Todd Perrella Memorial Award and the Lazar Determination Award. The Todd Perrella Memorial Award is presented to a student who demonstrates determination and courage in the face of adversity. The Lazar School Determination Award is given to a student who, through determination, has succeeded and demonstrated substantial improvement during the three years in attendance at Lazar.
Santina DiBenedetto received the Michelle Sullivan Memorial Award. This monetary award is given to the eighth grade girl who reflects and embodies the very special qualities of Michelle Sullivan: A gentle, good-natured individual; responsible and diligent in work habits; a sensitive, involved and helpful peer; a well-rounded school citizen who participates in all aspects of life at the Robert R. Lazar Middle School. Michelle Sullivan was also a conscientious and empathetic individual.
Sicilia Amoia-Logalbo received The Carol Lazar Snyder Memorial Award. This award is presented in memory of Carol Lazar Snyder, daughter of Robert R. Lazar, a former Montville administrator. It is presented to a student who embodies the qualities of the Lazar-Snyder family: kindness, generosity, helpfulness and well-rounded school citizenship.
Alyssa Neff and Christopher Wu each received a Heroism Award. This monetary award is presented on behalf of the Pine Brook Volunteer Fire Department to two individuals who can be described as honorable, good organizers, good leaders, and students with outstanding character who volunteer their time to help others.
Chad Berry and Annalisa Bio each received the Sportsmanship Award. Donated by the Montville Township Recreation Commission, the Sportsmanship Award is presented to a girl and a boy who consistently embody outstanding qualities of good sportsmanship.
Riya Jain received The Morris County Superintendent's Middle School Leadership Award. This award is presented to a graduating middle school student whose actions and deeds represent a model of citizenship and leadership in their school community. This individual has had a positive impact on the school environment and serves as role model for others through academic, extracurricular and community leadership activities.
Jake Cassidy and Chloe Gurin each received The Robert R. Lazar Middle School Service Award. This award is presented to two students who have made outstanding contributions in service to the Robert R. Lazar Middle School community.
Kiera McDonald is the recipient of the inaugural Lazar Principal's Leadership Award. This award is new to Lazar in 2018. It is given to the child who is a good student, a good leader, supports the school community, and exhibits the qualities of a well-rounded person. The name of each year's winner will be engraved onto a nameplate and placed on a plaque in the main lobby of Robert R. Lazar Middle School.
The rising freshmen began the ceremony by processing into the MTHS gymnasium to Elgar's "Pomp and Circumstance" as played by the Lazar Symphonic Band. Under the direction of music teacher Chelsea Stebbins, the band also played the "Star Spangled Banner" and a recessional rendition of "Trumpet Voluntary" by Clarke.
Following the awards Diane DiTizii, the Recording Secretary of the MTHS Parent Teacher Council, presented Terapanthi with $100 for the Classof 2022 treasury. Before the presaentation of awards, retiring teacher Jeanne Matuszewski was recognized for her extensive career in education at Lazar and in Montville Township Public Schools.
Class Advisors Suezette Given and Ellen Parmentier welcomed the graduates and their families.
While family members lined the bleachers on both sides of the room, additional audience members viewed the program on closed circuit monitors in the auditorium and cafeteria. The ceremony was also streamed LIVE on the Montville Township Public Schools Facebook page.
Superintendent Dr. René Rovtar, Montville Township Board of Education President Charles Grau and Principal Michael Pasciuto shook the hand of each graduate as selected members of the class read the names of their peers.


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How to Save the World with Netflix (and Sir David Attenborough!)
by The Natural History Consortium
Thu, 6 June 2019, 19:00 – 20:00 BST
Thu, 6 June 2019
RPS House
337 Paintworks
Bath Road, Bristol BS4 3AR
BS4 3AR
Join us for an evening in converation with Jonnie Hughes, Director and Producer, Silverback Films
Jonnie was an ecologist, teacher and science journalist before moving to Bristol in 2000 to join the BBC's Natural History Unit and make nature films. He's spent the last two decades working on all sorts of programmes from live shows like Springwatch, to studio shows about how clever pets are, to docs on hunter-gatherers, to landmark wildlife series. In 2012 he joined Alastair Fothergill and Keith Scholey's Silverback Films as a producer on the BBC series The Hunt. Most recently, Jonnie has worked as supervising producer on the Netflix/WWF Our Planet project, and as director of an upcoming feature film exploring how we can yet save Planet Earth with Sir David Attenborough.
How to Save the World with Netflix and Sir David Attenborough
Sir David Attenborough's series Our Planet, streaming now on Netflix, has been a phenomenon worldwide, attracting over 100 million viewers in the first month alone. It is regarded as the first landmark wildlife series to truly profile the great loss of biodiversity that this planet is experiencing, and moments in the series, such as the falling walrus, the crumbling glacier and the stranded orang-utans, have stimulated a global public outcry on social media – the world is engaged!
This is no accident. The Our Planet project was conceived from the ground up by Bristol's Silverback Films and the World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF) as a device to drive social change. The Netflix series is just one element of a wider media campaign that hopes to fan an environmental conversation, loud enough to stimulate politicians and business leaders to help the global public turn our current trajectory around. Our future can be wilder than our present, as long as we all want it to be so. Indeed, as Sir David explains, it must be if we are to build a future that our ancestors will thank us for.
In this inspiring, revealing presentation, one of the project's architects, Jonnie Hughes, offers an insider's view of the extraordinary strategy of Our Planet and predicts why, and how, we humans will get out of our current existential crisis!
SPECIAL OFFER: Free Digital Issue to BBC Wildlife Magazine!
BBC Wildlife magazine is essential reading for anyone with a passion for nature and wildlife. Each issue showcases the wonder and beauty of wildlife, fascinating features by wildlife experts and award winning photography. Enjoy a complimentary digital issue when you purchase a ticket to this event.
United Kingdom Events North Somerset Events Things to do in Bristol Bristol Appearances Bristol Community Appearances
How to Save the World with Netflix (and Sir David Attenborough!) at RPS House
337 Paintworks Bath Road, Bristol BS4 3AR, Bristol, BS4 3AR, United Kingdom
The Natural History Consortium
Stories with Yena: What it takes to be a young entrepreneur
The Square Club, Bristol
£0 - £178.99
Hawkwood's Seed Festival: Planting Big Ideas 2019
Hawkwood College, Stroud
Pinkspiration Beach Club
Harbour Drive, Cardiff
Burial Rituals and Rites with Dr Helen Frisby (as part of the Festival of Archaeology in Bath)
The Holburne Museum, Bath
South Gloucestershire Second World War Stories Film Screening
The Armadillo, Yate
Sun, 4 Aug 10:30
Nature Walk around the Three Brooks Nature Reserve
Three Brooks Local Nature Reserve, Bradley Stoke
Explore Ebbor Gorge Family Funday
Ebbor Gorge National Nature Reserve, Wookey Hole
Migration and Householding: Asian and Chinese Examples
Peel Lecture Theatre, School of Geographical Sciences, Bristol
FILM PREMIERE "The Buried Treasure of Fairyland"
BA5 3BE, Priddy
Bridging the Gap 6: Deaf people's rights
University of South Wales, Cardiff Campus, Cardiff
#Community #Conference
Browse Bristol Events


One of the best comedians in the UK is performing 3 shows at EartH's theatre.
Mon 11 March: Show 8pm. Doors 7pm. All audience must be inside the venue and seated by 7.45pm.
Tue 12 March: Show 7pm. Doors 6.15pm. All audience must be inside the venue and seated by 6.45pm.
Tue 12 March: Show 9.30pm. Doors 8.45pm. All audience must be inside the venue and seated by 9.15pm.
These shows are being filmed for future release. Please arrive in good time for the show, as latecomers will not be admitted.


Making notes is one of the most useful skills for a student. Notes help to get the hang of materials easier, not to miss important details, to the scheme, etc. However, one should take making notes seriously just like any other thing. Some people think it has no point to make notes, some find it simply difficult. Notes are neither good nor bad, they are useful.
It is one of the most effective ways to make notes. All you need is to divide a sheet of paper into two parts, the right one has to be bigger, the left one – smaller. The smaller part is to be used for writing down theses. The right part is for the notes and additions. The advantage of this method is that you are going to have a lot of information to analyze.
It does not hurt to make notes with friends. Moreover, you may feel free to do it both, on paper and by means of services like Evernote. Two heads are better than one anyway. You might get distracted and miss something important while having a few sources of notes, you are going to be prepared more.
Not in every instance, you can memorize and then restore in your memory everything your lecturer says. Which is why it is necessary to learn to catch and write down as many details as possible. To make a tape recording is an excellent way out but make sure first that your lecturer does not mind.
Far from everything you hear at the lecture is required to be written down. Therefore, before writing down, think it over whether you need it. Re-read your notes and re-write them for better consolidation of knowledge throwing unnecessary things away. Doing so, you will absorb the knowledge better and your notes might become useful for someone else too.
This piece of an advice is obvious but useful for many. You are going to be unable to make notes if you are absent. Yes, you may learn something using other people notes but it is not guaranteed that you will know all the ins and outs. The benefit is also in that you will be able to ask your lecturer exercising issues. Facing with the information you do not understand, do not say to yourself that you will solve this problem later and move on after a few short notes. Ask your lecturer to clear it up for you. Think about it, if you cannot get it now, it is going to be double difficult later when you will try to do it on your own. Do not be afraid to ask your lecturer to repeat especially if there is a feeling that s/he said something important. Hence, do not skip classes.
But I am a guy! I am not a girl to walk around with markers, some may say. Why not? Color marking will make it to where you will cope with your own notes better. Tags of sorts but on paper and do not fill your head with rubbish questions like "what others might think of me?" No one will say a word of you. You do not have to depend on other people opinion. Remember that. A color stimulates creative zone of brains making notes more interesting thus, easier to memorize and keep in mind. For example, you can make questions in red, definitions in blue, conclusions in green. Do not overdo it though.
Making notes may become a powerful tool in your process of studying. It is a great way to collect, sort out and systematize received knowledge. You will make your life easier making tones. Let alone people who are going to study when you graduate.
Listen carefully, keep it focused. Prepare a separate sheet of paper or stickers for references (if you want), put down serial numbers of your notes on both sides so you knew which statement goes where.
About the author: Melisa Marzett is the author of plenty of articles by this time and working for http://resume-writer.net/ find online essay CV services, she provides with brilliant pieces as long as the writing is what she likes doing most of all. Work comes out great if done with love and devotion and that is what Melisa puts in her works making them looking and sounding this smoothly and nice.
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Jason S. Remer, Esq.
Anthony M. Georges-Pierre, Esq.
Peter Michael Hoogerwoerd, Esq.
Nathaly Saavedra, Esq.
Rainier Regueiro, Esq.
Max L. Horowitz, Esq.
Elizabeth Carlin, Esq.
Daniel J. Bujan, Esq.
Equal Pay and Wage Discrimination
Wages & Overtime
Unpaid Overtime Wages
Minimum Wage Violations
Collective & Class Actions
Medical Leave Act
Perfil de Los Abogados
Areas de ejercicio
Discriminación laboral
Salarios y horas extra
Despido injustificado
Demandas como denunciantes
Equity Partner at Remer & Georges-Pierre PLLC
Peter Michael Hoogerwoerd is an accomplished litigator in both state and federal courts with fifteen years of experience in a broad array of civil litigation, criminal defense, transactional, and appellate matters.
Mr. Hoogerwoerd graduated from Southern Illinois University Carbondale with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Spanish and a Minor in Economics in 1993. During his undergraduate coursework, Mr. Hoogerwoerd was a member of a national championship intercollegiate debate team, for which he was awarded an academic scholarship.
He earned his Juris Doctor and Master of Business Administration degrees from the University of Miami Schools of Law and Business in 1998, where he received The University of Miami Alumni Association Award for Student Leadership.
Background & Interests
Mr. Hoogerwoerd was born in Redondo Beach, California, and raised in San Juan, Puerto Rico and Chicago, Illinois. He is fluent in Spanish and is a member of the National Association of Underwater Instructors for scuba-diving.
Labor and employment litigation: In addition to successfully representing both plaintiffs and defendants in his core areas of commercial, insurance, and labor and employment related claims, (see Giakoumakis et al. v. Maronda Homes, Inc., 2010 WL 557750 (M.D.Fla.) and Kozma v. Hunter Scott Financial, LLC, 2010 WL 724498 (S.D.Fla.), Mr. Hoogerwoerd has a proven record of success in a wide variety of litigated matters.
Civil RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act): Mr. Hoogerwoerd co-chaired a federal jury trial in a Civil RICO case in the United States Court for the Southern District of Florida winning a $13.8 million jury verdict for a business owner against former business partners alleging bankruptcy fraud, conspiracy, and theft of business profits. See, Farese v. Scherer, Case No. 9:00-cv-08950-DMM (S.D. Fla.)(D.E. 995). See also, "Reputed Mobster Wins $13.8 Million Jury Verdict," Miami Daily Business Review, Page 1, June 2, 2005.
Appellate litigation: Mr. Hoogerwoerd has appeared as appellate counsel in a variety of matters and is the Attorney of Record for two reported appellate decisions, Elite Protection v. Florida Insurance Guaranty Association, 874 So. 2d 615 (Fla. 4th DCA 2004), and Cartan Tours v. ESA Services, Inc., 833 So. 2d 873 (Fla. 4th DCA 2003).
Professional malpractice, securities, and financial services litigation: Mr. Hoogerwoerd successfully defended an accounting firm in shareholders' federal class action lawsuit in the United States Court for the Southern District of Florida alleging violations of Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. §78j(b) and Rule 10b-5 17 C.F.R., §240.10b-5, and section 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C., §78t(a), obtaining a dismissal with prejudice on all fraud counts alleged against the accounting firm. Chiarenza, et al. v. IBSG International, Inc. et al., Case No. 1:09-cv-22736-PAS (S.D. Fla.)(D.E. 82).
Insurance coverage: Mr. Hoogerwoerd has successfully prosecuted actions for declaratory relief against insurance carriers where the insurance carriers failed to meet their obligations under the insurance policies. Through vigorous litigation, Mr. Hoogerwoerd has obtained attorneys' fees for defending the underlying actions, as well as for the actions for declaratory relief. Mid-Continent Casualty Company v. Florida Contracting Construction Services, Donald Pliner and Lisa Pliner, Case No. 07-cv-21168-JLK, consolidated withFlorida Contracting Construction Services v. Colony Ins. Co., General Security Indemnity Co. of Arizona and Mid-Continent Casualty Company, Case No. 07-cv-22821-JLK (S.D. Fla.)(D.E. 32).
Construction defect litigation: Mr. Hoogerwoerd has authored several briefs in federal court on significant issues related to the ever-developing specialty of construction defect litigation, which have led to several important decisions related to surety bond issues and the indemnification of the parties to a construction contract. See, CC Aventura, Inc. v. The Weitz Company, LLC, et al., Case No. 1:06-cv-21598-PCH (2008 WL 1994807, 2008 WL 2699506, and 2008 WL 2699577 (S.D. Fla.)).
Court Admissions:
United States District Court Southern District of Florida
United States District Court Northern District of Florida
Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Bachelor of Arts
University of Miami School of Law, Juris Doctorate
University of Miami School of Business, Master of Business Administration
Should you need employment help in South Florida, contact Remer & Georges-Pierre PLLC at 305.416.5000 to schedule a free consultation.
Remer & Georges-Pierre PLLC - Miami Employment Law Attorney
44 W Flagler Street #2200,
319 Clematis Street, Suite 606
Website: https://www.rgpattorneys.com/
841 Prudential Drive, 12th Floor, Jacksonville, 32207
100 S. Ashley Drive, Suite 600, Tampa, 33602
111 N Orange Ave, 8th Floor, Orlando, 32801


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Q: How to add a placeholder to my Google Custom Searchbox? I tried with another codes I found here but nothing worked.
This is my searchbox regular code:
<script async="" src="https://cse.google.com/cse.js?cx=008573911755377469615:xhdlwjbvh7o"></script>

A: Just set the attribute when window load.
window.onload = myCustomPlaceholder;

function myCustomPlaceholder() {
    document.getElementById("gsc-i-id1").setAttribute("placeholder", "my custom search placeholder")
}


The marginalia of illuminated manuscripts is weird. When monks weren't complaining about their jobs as they hand-copied line after line, they were inserting fart jokes into the margins. But one weirdly persistent image is of knights battling snails. Why?
Who knew illuminated manuscripts contained so many fart and poop jokes?
Nor does it stop us from simply enjoying the absurdity of the images. There are more over at the Medieval Manuscripts Blog.


Eat, sleep, poop: these are the three things babies are best at. When it comes to food, little humans go through a lot of it! Free baby samples are a lifesaver when it comes to feeding baby, especially when baby hits that first growth spurt and suddenly becomes a never-ending pool of hunger!
Enfamil. Family Beginnings from Enfamil is a wonderful program that offers nutrition advice, information about your baby's growth and developments, and big savings for mom. The program offers free formula samples, coupons, and other small gifts sent to your home throughout your baby's early years.
Similac. Sign up for Similac Strong Moms and save hundreds of dollars. Their kit includes free samples of formula and coupons. The fashionable bag that comes along with these freebies make a handy diaper bag, too—it was my go-to day bag for all of my kids.
Free Nursing Pads. Way back when I was nursing my first baby, I realized I needed a way to keep from leaking in between feeds. Breast Pads became my favorite site for reliable pads, and they usually offer great savings! Until September 2017, nursing mothers in the US and Canada can use the code ENBABY to get a free order of nursing pads.
Free Nursing Pillow. As your little one gets heavier, it gets more tiring to hold him while he is nursing. As a breastfeeding mother, nursing pillows were a saving grace. Use the code ENBABY to get a free nursing pillow! This promo only applies to nursing pillows under $40. Be fast though—the offer expires in September 2017!
Free Nursing Cover. A great way to give mom and baby privacy while out and about, nursing covers often cost a pretty penny. With the code ENBABY, for a limited time, you can receive one up to $35 free of charge! Hurry and get one of these gorgeous, lightweight nursing covers while you still can!
Pampers. When you create a Pampers account, you open the door to free samples, coupons, and offers from not only Pampers, but their partner companies. The sample usually includes one diaper and a small pack of wipes, but it may be larger depending on supplies and offers at the time of enrollment.
Car Seat Cover. When your baby is still small enough for the newborn car seats, you may find yourself shooing away well-meaning folks who lean just a little too close. With a car seat cover, these well-wishers are less likely to disturb your bundle of joy. Use the code ENBABY to get yours!
Baby Book. I love looking back at my children's memory books and reliving their milestones: first words, first tooth, first steps. C'mon Get Crafty offers a beautiful, free printable baby journal for you to capture all your baby's firsts and special memories as they happen.
Bath and Body Works. Admittedly, this one takes a little work. To qualify, fill out the information and then take about ten minutes to answer a survey. Then sit back, relax, and wait for a gift card that lets you pamper yourself with your favorite scents.
Snacks. Growing another human requires extra food, and healthy food is best for mom and baby. Sign up for Graze and get your first four-pack sampler snack box delivered straight to your door. Just pay $1 for shipping to receive this $12 value. The delicious snacks include crackers, granola bars, and dried fruits.
Starbucks. Sign up for a Target Baby Registry and receive a bag full of goodies at the Target Customer Service Desk. Inside this little bag, you will find the mother of all coupons: a buy-one-get-one free to Starbucks. When my youngest was born, this little coupon was my saving grace after a sleepless night with a newborn and a sick toddler.
Pregnancy Journal. This amazing time in a mother's life goes by in the blink of an eye. Pregnancy journals allow expectant mothers to chronicle each day of their pregnancy—the emotions, happenings, learning experiences, and thoughts that will come to mean so much.
Gerber no longer offers the nutrition kit, they confirmed it was a promotion that they have ended.
I am in desperate need for any baby stuff for free please help me out .


Sheridan Faculty of Business students Shannon Crisp, Humza Imran and Brian Farquharson took the Silver Award in the exciting second round of competition at this year's Vanier BDC Case Challenge.
The Sheridan team were one of six finalists invited to the second and final round of the challenging case competition which included SAIT, Victoriaville College, College of the North Atlantic, Seneca, and St. Lawrence College. Each college was given the same Aspenware case study in isolation and asked to develop a marketing plan to address specific problems, then presented their solutions in a full-house public presentation judged by industry and academic leaders.
"These students are amazing – they practiced hard, they worked hard, and they made awesome presentations each time," said Sheridan Professor Peggy Barnwell, Vanier BDC Sheridan team coach.
Third place at The Vanier BDC Case Challenge went to Southern Alberta Institute of Technology (SAIT) and first place went to St Lawrence College, Kingston.
"Sheridan first attended The Vanier BDC Case Challenge in 2008, won The Scotiabank award for third in division in 2009, and were finalists in 2010 and 2011. The 2012 team "just missed" according to judges, the 2013 team won Scotiabank Award for third in their division, and the 2014 team finished second, the best ever result for Sheridan at the event," said David Nowell, retired Sheridan Faculty of Business professor and long-time OCMC and Vanier team coach.
This year marks the seventh year a Sheridan team has participated, the third time a Sheridan team has placed in the final round of The Vanier BDC Case Challenge and the first time that they have taken one of the top three awards. The Sheridan Faculty of Business offers congratulations to the students and coaches of the Sheridan Vanier BDC Case Challenge Team.


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Vlkov (599 m n. m.) je vrch v okrese Blansko Jihomoravského kraje. Leží asi 0,5 km severně od vsi Chlum převážně na jejím katastrálních území.

Geomorfologické zařazení
Geomorfologicky vrch náleží do celku Svitavská pahorkatina, podcelku Českotřebovská vrchovina, okrsku Hřebečovský hřbet a podokrsku Hynčinský hřbet.

Reference

Hory a kopce ve Svitavské pahorkatině
Hory a kopce v okrese Blansko
Kopce pod 1000 metrů v Česku
Kuesty v Česku
Letovice

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Canine conditioning is fortunately becoming a popular activity. However, just as with people, each dog you work with is at a different fitness level. EXERCISING THE DOG IN FRONT OF YOU is key! I would love to go to an Olympic trainer who advertises they can make me a Lindsay Vonn, but let's face it, I am nowhere near her level of fitness. If I tried to do the exercise routine she does, I would be definitely out of my league. More importantly, there is the strong possibility of an injury occurring to me and those around me since I am no where near her strength level.
Making the decision to condition and strengthen your dog is an incredible one. It is an important activity to partake in for any dog, but especially a dog involved in performance activities. Movement is life to a dog – whether an eight-week old pup or a thirteen-year-old senior. Everyone feels better with some regular movement and there are so many benefits to gain by doing some basic exercises.
Going back to my Olympic theme, Michael Phelps is a great swimmer. Part of that is definitely innate talent, but the other part is the strength and conditioning he is involved in before and after he is in the pool. There is a tremendous amount of conditioning needed to develop the strength, power and endurance required to perform his best — without it, his body may begin to break down and become injured.
Denise Fenzi teaches a class titled Train the Dog in Front of You. I could not agree more, and this principle can be carried over to exercising. There are many plans, exercises, and cookbooks out there on exercising your dog. But are all those plans right for YOUR dog? It is always important to LOOK at the dog right in front of you.
Ask yourself – what are the goals for your dog?
Is your dog able to stand still?
Does your dog have the endurance to complete the activities you are asking?
Can your dog sit to stand without deviations?
Does your dog have a long topline?
Has your dog been cleared medically to perform activity?
Is your dog at an age that is safe to perform exercise?
Do you and your dog like exercise?
One of the first exercises I begin with is standing still on a flat surface. Every dog I work with should be able to stand for at least ten seconds without moving, fidgeting, etc. If a dog cannot stand still, it may indicate many things, from discomfort or imbalance to lack of attention. Whatever the reason is, it needs to be worked through, but standing still is the first thing I will focus on. I begin with ten to thirty seconds and build up repetitions. For example, I will ask a dog to stand for ten seconds, up to ten times in one session. Once a dog can master a thirty second stand for up to ten times, we move to an unstable surface and begin again. While the dog is standing, I am looking for a level topline and any compensations in his body. Dogs place 60 to 70% of their weight on the forelimbs, and 30 to 40% of their weight on the hindlimbs. When the dog initially steps on an uneven surface, they will transfer more weight onto the forelimbs. As strength improves, the weight will balance out more.
Endurance is very important. I often hear owners mention the dog does not do any exercise during the week, but then they will run agility over the weekend. This is a typical weekend warrior, and as with people, often results in injuries. Regular endurance exercises, such as walking, are so important to every dog whether they do activities on the weekend or not. Ideally, a twenty to thirty minute walk a day is wonderful and has many health benefits inclusive of weight maintenance, cardiac, musculoskeletal, and mental stimulation.
An easy Sit-to-Stand exercise is a great method to determine if the dog has any weakness or structural issues. The sit should be slow and controlled. It is much more difficult to slowly sit with control then to sit quickly. When the dog stands, the hindlimbs should extend with control. If the dog sits with one leg kicking out to one side, it may be a sign of a hip or knee issue. This should be looked at to determine what the cause is. If the dog cannot maintain a straight topline, it may be a sign of weakness or a structural issue. This should be examined, as well.
Does your dog have a strong topline? And is it longer than normal? For example, some breeds have long toplines by nature such as the Dachshund, Basset Hound, Clumber Spaniel, and others. A long topline is a fact of life for many dogs, but strength is not always a fact. It is something that needs to be worked on. Core strength is paramount for long backed dogs, especially those involved in any sport or exercise program. Extreme jumping and weaving may not be appropriate for these dogs. I personally do not ask a long backed dog to perform certain exercises, such as sit pretty, handstands, or uncontrolled dancing. This is due to the assumed stress on the spine and problems I have seen in my clinical practice.
Some dogs may have medical reasons requiring limitations or precautions. These reasons may include anything from musculoskeletal diseases such as arthritis, endocrine diseases like Addison's disease or cardiac and pulmonary disease. Most dogs with medical conditions can be exercised with respect to the disease or condition, but do require a professional.
Age is always an issue with regard to exercise. In young dogs, the growth process needs to be respected. Growth plates do not close in many dogs until between fifteen and twenty-four months of age. Jumping, extremes of movement, and repetitive running is not advised with young dogs. Running three miles with a one-year-old Labrador retriever may seem like a good idea at the time to burn energy, but that running may catch up with the retriever when they are a bit older in the form of arthritis. It may catch up sooner with growth related problems. Older dogs, over the age of seven to ten, depending upon the breed, have special needs of their own. Musculoskeletal, cardiac, pulmonary and other systemic limitations must be considered. An older dog that loves running may need you to set the boundaries. Just because they have always done the running, does not mean they should continue at the same pace.
Some dogs are just not into exercise and activity. There may certainly be an underlying issue why they aren't and that should be explored. I have also seen dogs that are just not into activity, and have no other desire than to hang out with their owner. As long as they are happy and healthy, that is fine. I have also seen many owners not really into exercise who are just trying it with their dog because they were told it was a great thing to do. Well, it is a great thing, but if it is being forced by you onto the dog, and you really do not like it, do not bother. It can cause negative repercussions down the road.
A dog in pain should never be asked to exercise. The first step is to find out why they are in pain. Lameness, refusal of activity, decline in performance, or refusal to move are signs of pain. Very simply, if a dog is in pain, the muscles do not function properly and this will lead to more problems. It is simple – if you suspect pain – find out why and stop any activity. I always assume a physical cause rather than a behavioral with any training or performance problems.
Look at the dog you want to exercise. You may want your dog to run ten miles with you, but in reality an overweight ten-year-old Labrador retriever may not be your best running partner. There are other more suitable conditioning activities you can do with the dog besides running. A St. Bernard may not be the most appropriate dog to do sit pretty's if they cannot perform a sit to stand perfectly and in control.
Ultimately, we want our dogs to have the best quality of life for the longest time possible. EXERCISING THE DOG IN FRONT OF YOU is an important element in achieving that. IF and WHEN YOUR DOG is ready, there are all sorts of FUNctional FITness exercises that can be done with him. Read through our other TotoFit blogs for a few ideas!
« TOTO FIT – The Real Deal !!


Your time is precious, and technology changes fast. Knowing which technologies are relevant means you can focus on the skills that will benefit your career the most.
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eInternship AoE Module: Equity | Inclusion | Social Justice
Areas of Expertise Module
Expert Chats Module
FF&E Module
Sample Projects & Syllabi Module
Videos and Live Events Module
Expert Chats
IDEC has gathered professionals across the many facets of interior design who are ready and willing to help guide students through the various elements that are typically experienced in a face-to-face internship program.
Thank you to IIDA for sponsoring this year's eInternship program.
To meet with an equity/inclusion/social justice professional, please complete this survey.
Reading Materials
Luke Kelly Discusses Diversity and Inclusion as a Designer Living with HIV
Gensler – Interview with Gensler designer Luke Kelly (June 2, 2021)
This Q&A is part of a series of interviews with Gensler architects, designers, and others in the firm about their career journey, and the impact that design and architecture can have on our communities and the human experience. For those living with HIV, fear of stigma, marginalization, and discrimination can negatively impact their personal health and well-being. HIV-related stigma and discrimination can also be a barrier to the type of public action we need to raise awareness about HIV prevention. We sat down with Luke Kelly, an interior designer at Gensler London, to talk about his own journey as an HIV positive gay man, and the steps he is taking to educate others.
The HBCU Student Design Charrette: A Study in Inclusivity and Hope
Gensler – Jordan Goldstein and Joseph Lauro (May 17, 2021)
Our global society is now living through a moment of reckoning on issues of race, equity, and justice. If you believe, as we do, that design, as a practice, should serve a greater purpose — that is, beyond purely aesthetic concerns — and aim to meet the deepest needs of society, then our industry is obligated to respond to this moment by offering healing, inclusion, and equal opportunity for all.
Gensler Voices: Mustapha Williams, Gensler Chicago
Gensler – Interview with Gensler's Mustapha Williams (April 8, 2021)
This Q&A is part of a series of interviews with Gensler architects, designers, and others in the firm about their career journey, and the impact that design and architecture can have on our communities and the human experience. The conversation originated from an IGTV interview between Interior Design Magazine Editor-in-Chief Cindy Allen and Gensler Technical Designer Mustapha Williams.
Gensler Voices: Chardae Adams, Gensler Houston
Gensler – Interview with Chardae Amdames, designer, Gensler Houston (April 5, 2021)
This Q&A is part of a series of interviews with Gensler architects, designers, and others in the firm about their career journey, and the impact that design and architecture can have on our communities and enhancing the human experience.
Wellness Design at the Intersection of Equity and Sustainability
Gensler – Jason Pugh (February 24, 2021)
Design thinking has solved the world's biggest challenges, and the COVID-19 crisis — partnered with the economic and social justice movement — is no exception. Designers are trained to use challenges like this moment as catalysts to pave an optimistic, resilient, and equitable path forward that prioritizes wellness for all.
HOK's Micki Washington and Femi Oresanya Are Diversifying Architecture from Within
HOK (February 2, 2021)
Black History Month takes on special meaning in 2021 following a year marked with racial injustice. For architects Micki Washington and Femi Oresanya, that means leading by example while pushing the profession to broaden its base.
Breaking the Silence in Design: Where do we go from here?
IIDA Academy (November 19, 2020)
2020 is a threshold moment for the country, a time of awakening, and civil unrest. Fault lines along race, equity, and inclusiveness have been exposed, with reverberations being felt in the interior design industry. It's time for a frank discussion, acknowledging where we are and what the future may hold. Join IIDA Executive Vice President and CEO Cheryl S. Durst, Hon. FIIDA, in conversation with Gabrielle Bullock, IIDA, FAIA, NOMAC of Perkins & Will and Karen Compton of A3K Consulting, the hosts of the vodcast, "Breaking the Silence in Design," for a thoughtful discussion tackling the uncomfortable conversation around race and inequity in the design and construction industry.
The Slow Streets Movement Needs More Black Voices
Gensler – Elaine Asal and Brenden Jackson (October 19, 2020)
As American cities shut down to slow the spread of COVID, car traffic across the country dropped by an average of 70% at one point. All those quiet roads opened the door for municipalities to tap into the Safe Streets (or Slow Streets) ethos and rethink how their many miles of pavement could be redesigned for additional or new uses.
Equity, Interrupted: How a Return to the Office Is Needed to Rebuild Equity
Gensler – Hao Ko and Lisa Cholmondeley (September 10, 2020)
As we navigate new global challenges, working from home has become the new normal, and it has offered the opportunity to enhance workflows, implement new technologies and virtual tools, and discover new ways of connecting with our colleagues. But the question remains, is our current experience working remotely threatening the workplace equity that our physical offices have long been able to provide?
From Environmental Racism to Climate Justice
Gensler – Mallory Taub and Jim Stanislaski (July 29, 2020)
Recent events related to longstanding systemic racism and the current pandemic have caused architects and designers to consider issues of social justice and equity in the built environment with greater commitment and urgency. The first step in this effort is to recognize and understand how climate change disproportionately impacts communities of color, especially in our cities. Coordinated design and policy solutions are necessary to combat this worsening public health threat.
Podcast/Videos
Episode 58: Kimberly Dowdell, HOK – Hospitality Design: What I've Learned
Hospitality Design – Stacy Shoemaker Rauen/Interview with Kimberly Dowdell (February 17, 2021)
The former NOMA president and principal at HOK is building a more equitable and inclusive industry.
Antionette D. Carroll: Understanding Identity, Power, & Equity in Design Leadership
Antoinette D. Carroll, Elaine Asal and Brenden Jackson (August 7, 2020)
Antionette Carroll, Founder, President, and CEO of Creative Reaction Lab, believes that if inequality is by design, then it can be re-designed by us. Over the years, she has helmed multiple initiatives dedicated to solving the fundamental problems of inequity and fair representation in the design industry and expanding our roles to examine inherent biases. In this talk, she offers a framework for prioritizing equal outcomes over equal access to change the mindset of the industry.
Antionette Carroll | Designing for Social Justice
Everything around us has been designed — even systems of inequality. Equity designer and TED Fellow Antionette Carroll explains how social justice is a design decision and argues that we all have the expertise, power and responsibility to intentionally create a more just society. (May 2017)


List of Woodstock based commercial and residential property agencies offering houses, flats & commercial property for sale.
We are a local independent Estate Agent located in Woodstock High Street. We have over 26 years of combined experience in the Sales and Lettings market covering all of Oxfordshire, Buckinghamshire and Berkshire.


Smith Funeral Home, Grandview, is in charge of arrangements.
Barbara M. Oakley, 90, of Richland, died Dec. 17 at Kadlec Regional Medical Center in Richland.
She was born in New York and lived in Richland for 50 years.
She retired from Battelle Memorial Institute.
Hillcrest Memorial Center, Kennewick, is in charge of arrangements.
Rafael Rojas Pacheco, 87, of Sunnyside, died Feb. 7 in Sunnyside.
He was born in Jicalan, Michoacan, Mexico, and was a longtime Lower Yakima Valley resident.
He was a retired laborer.
Smith Funeral Home, Sunnyside, is in charge of arrangements.
Carl Lee Brown, 86, of Kennewick, died Feb. 7 in Spokane.
He was born in Rinard Mills, Ohio, and lived in Kennewick for 64 years.
He was a retired engineer for Burlington Northern Railroad.
Mueller's Tri-Cities Funeral Home, Kennewick, is in charge of arrangements.
Tri-City Herald death notices for April 24, 2019.


JOJI, a Japanese Super Smash Bros. Brawl modder, has updated BrawlEX (the Brawl Expansion Project) to support up to 242 characters.
Yes, you read that right – 242 characters. That's more than enough slots to fill up Super Smash Bros. Brawl with all kinds of modified and custom fighters no isn't it.
And here we where thinking 74 fighters, soon to be 75 and eventually 80 would be a lot. Once again as it is a mod, keep in mind we can not discuss details here as it will need a modded Wii to function. But it remains cool to see that the community can pull off.


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Eric Trump threatens MSNBC with legal action after Lawrence O'Donnell's latest Trump-Russia smear
Joe Newby
On Wednesday, Eric Trump threatened legal action over a claim made by MSNBC propagandist Lawrence O'Donnell that co-signers on Trump's Deutsche Bank loans were Russian oligarchs with close ties to Vladimir Putin.
"Deutsche Bank is in possession of loan documents that show Donald Trump has obtained loans with co-signers and that he would not have been able to obtain those loans without co-signers," O'Donnell said. "The source close to Deutsche Bank says that the co-signers of Donald Trump's Deutsche Bank loans are Russian billionaires close to Vladimir Putin."
But there was only one problem. It seems that neither O'Donnell, the alleged source nor NBC bothered to verify the claim. MSNBC Booking Producer Michael Del Moro tweeted:
Deutsche Bank is declining to comment on Lawrence O'Donnell's reporting that Russian oligarch's co-signed Trump's loans. The information came from a single source who has not seen the bank records. NBC has not seen those records and has not yet been able to verify the reporting.
— Michael Del Moro (@MikeDelMoro) August 28, 2019
O'Donnell walked it back, somewhat, saying the allegation had not been rigorously vetted and shouldn't have been reported.
Last night I made an error in judgment by reporting an item about the president's finances that didn't go through our rigorous verification and standards process. I shouldn't have reported it and I was wrong to discuss it on the air. I will address the issue on my show tonight.
— Lawrence O'Donnell (@Lawrence) August 28, 2019
O'Donnell framed it as a retraction, but still refused to say if the information he originally aired was inaccurate:
WATCH: Lawrence O'Donnell retracts his reporting about Trump loans. pic.twitter.com/JxNsIPhBNg
— MSNBC (@MSNBC) August 29, 2019
President Trump demanded MSNBC retract the story, NewsMax said.
"These statements are false and defamatory, and extremely damaging," Trump attorney Charles Harder told NBC:
New: Trump attorney Charles Harder has sent a letter to NBC demanding a retraction over @Lawrence's Deutsche Bank claim. "These statements are false and defamatory, and extremely damaging," Harder writes. pic.twitter.com/yhB2bYtFph
— Oliver Darcy (@oliverdarcy) August 28, 2019
Eric Trump, however, went even further and threatened the network with legal action.
"This was a reckless attempt to slander our family and smear a great company. Apologies are not enough when the true intent was solely to damage and cause harm. As a company, we will be taking legal action. This unethical behavior has to stop," he said.
This was a reckless attempt to slander our family and smear a great company. Apologies are not enough when the true intent was solely to damage and cause harm. As a company, we will be taking legal action. This unethical behavior has to stop. @Lawrence @MSNBC https://t.co/i4X6CcdkCm
— Eric Trump (@EricTrump) August 29, 2019
"This is some grossly irresponsible work from MSNBC and, once again, it plays right into Trump's hands that the media is out to get him," tweeted Josh Jordan.
Lawrence O'Donnell tweeted the story out as if it was vetted and now we're learning that his single source has not even seen the bank records.
This is some grossly irresponsible work from MSNBC and, once again, it plays right into Trump's hands that the media is out to get him. https://t.co/iQzfKvZSxE
— Josh Jordan (@NumbersMuncher) August 28, 2019
MSNBC, irresponsible? Say it ain't so…
Video: MSNBC guest demands 'pitchforks and torches outside' Trump donor's house
MSNBC conspiracy theorist Joe Scarborough lays blame for Epstein suicide on… RUSSIANS!
Lying liars at lying MSNBC agree all white Trump voters racist, should vote Democrat to prove otherwise
Videos Prove Lying Liars at Lying MSNBC, CNN Lying About Trump Not Being Near Ground Zero Around 9/11
Video: MSNBC propagandist Chris Hayes says Trump supporters must be 'confronted and destroyed'
If you haven't checked out and liked our Facebook page, please go here and do so. You can also follow us on Twitter at @co_firing_line. Facebook, Google and other members of the Silicon Valley Axis of Evil are now doing everything they can to deliberately stifle conservative content online, so please be sure to check out our MeWe page here, check us out at ProAmerica Only and the new social site, Hardcore Conservatives.
While you're at it, be sure to check out our friends at Whatfinger News, the Internet's conservative front-page founded by ex-military!
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Not sure how to create or expand your graphic novel collection? No problem! This panel will give you resources on how to evaluate comics for your collections, suggestions for how to increase the diversity of your collection, ideas on how to expand into multiple categories, tips for weeding your collection, and the confidence to navigate the many types of comics that are out there!


Wonderful flower! The couple kissed both the bus station ecstasy fell to the ground, others can't watch anymore.
Who left 3 meters long only to overthrow the "long hair to see this one short."
The girl married to that place in life are unable to return home where it is.


Very sturdy, longer lasting bag.
Keep your belongings dry on you commute or tour with this 25L rear pannier bag. The tough and durable fabric is waterproof and has bonded seams, so it'll stand the test of time, and has a clever lockable clip for secure fastening.
Capacity Volume: 25 litres. Max. load: 10 kg.
Waterproof Waterproof fabric, taped seams. Splash proof (IPX4).
Easy assembly / dismantling Universal mount for pannier racks. Top/bottom adjustable attachment point.
Ease of use Fixes onto the right or left of your bike. "Canyon" fastening. Carry handle.
The two width-adjustable hooks allow the bag to be attached to pannier racks with a tube diameter under 12mm. An adaptor insert is provided for tube diameters of 6 to 8mm.
A locking mechanism is integrated into the hook and prevents the bag from falling off unexpectedly.
The adjustable lower attachment system on a rail allows the bag to be securely fastened to the pannier rack, thus improving its stability in the event of a bump or impact.
This product has a hook for attaching products from the Vioo Clip range, a rechargeable LED light that can be clipped on and off anywhere in an instant.
This pannier rack bag meets IPX4 standard.
A product with IPX4 rating means that the product is suitable for all weather conditions and resistant to water splashes coming from all directions. However, it is not resistant to immersion.
an internal pocket closed with a rip-tab strip keeps sensitive items separate.
This bag's fastening mechanism can be repaired or replaced in our stores or by you.
These kits can be ordered online.
Restricted use : Completely rainproof bag. Do not submerge in water.