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Wilfred Lucas est un acteur, réalisateur et scénariste américain, d'origine canadienne, né Norman Wilfred Lucas, le  en Ontario (Canada) et mort le  à Los Angeles (Californie).

Biographie

D'abord comédien au théâtre, il fut engagé dans la compagnie cinématographique Biograph, à une époque où le cinéma était encore fortement dénigré dans le milieu théâtral. David W. Griffith lui proposa parfois des premiers rôles, comme, dans Enoch Arden (1911).

Il prit la nationalité américaine peu après son mariage.

Filmographie

comme acteur

Années 1900

 1908 : The Greaser's Gauntlet, de D. W. Griffith : Jose
 1908 : La Brute (The Girl and the Outlaw), de D. W. Griffith
 1908 : Ingomar (Ingomar, the Barbarian), de D. W. Griffith
 1908 : Le Vœu du vaquero (The Vaquero's Vow), de D. W. Griffith
 1908 : La Mégère apprivoisée (The Taming of the Shrew), de D. W. Griffith
 1909 : The Honor of Thieves, de D. W. Griffith
 1909 : The Girls and Daddy, de D. W. Griffith
 1909 : La Pièce d'or (The Golden Louis), de D. W. Griffith
 1909 : The Renunciation
 1909 : A Strange Meeting
 1909 : With Her Card
 1909 : Les Rénégats de 1776 (The Hessian Renegades), de D. W. Griffith

Années 1910

 1910 : The Rocky Road
 1910 : The Man
 1910 : The Marked Time-Table : Office Doorman 1910 : The Passing of a Grouch 1910 : Winning Back His Love : Frederick Wallace
 1911 : The Two Paths : Le mari de Nellie 1911 : Le Roman de Manon 1911 : The Midnight Marauder 1911 : His Trust : George
 1911 : His Trust Fulfilled : George 1911 : Three Sisters : Curate
 1911 : Heart Beats of Long Ago : L'amoureux 1911 : What Shall We Do with Our Old? : Prisonnier en colère
 1911 : Fisher Folks : Steve Hardester 1911 : The Diamond Star : John Wilson
 1911 : His Daughter
 1911 : The Heart of a Savage
 1911 :  de D. W. Griffith
 1911 : Conscience
 1911 : Was He a Coward? : Norris Hilton 1911 : La Télégraphiste de Lonedale (The Lonedale Operator), de D. W. Griffith : Le pompier
 1911 : The Spanish Gypsy : Jose 1911 : The Broken Cross 1911 : Madame Rex 1911 : His Mother's Scarf : Will
 1911 : In the Days of '49 : À la gare 1911 : The New Dress : Jose
 1911 : The White Rose of the Wilds : First Outlaw 1911 : Enoch Arden: Part I : Enoch Arden
 1911 : Enoch Arden: Part II : Enoch Arden 1911 : The Primal Call : Le pêcheur
 1911 :
 1911 : The Thief and the Girl : The Thief 1911 : The Indian Brothers : Frère du chef indien
 1911 : The Ruling Passion : Le père de Billy 1911 : The Sorrowful Example : Le mari
 1911 : The Rose of Kentucky : The planter 1911 : Swords and Hearts : Hugh Frazier
 1911 : The Old Confectioner's Mistake : Old Daddy Dodson 1911 : The Squaw's Love 1911 : Dan the Dandy : The Tramp / A Clubman
 1911 : The Making of a Man : À la seconde audience 1911 : Italian Blood 1911 : The Long Road : Un policier
 1911 : Love in the Hills : The Manley Suitor 1911 :  : First Crook
 1911 : A Woman Scorned : Le docteur 1911 :  de D. W. Griffith : L'homme
 1911 : As in a Looking Glass : Le mari 1911 : A Terrible Discovery : The District Attorney
 1912 :  de D. W. Griffith : Mike 1912 : A Sister's Love 1912 : La ruse de Billy (Billy's Stratagem) de D. W. Griffith : Le père de Billy
 1912 :  de D. W. Griffith : Joe 1912 :  de D. W. Griffith : Jack, Railroad Express Agent
 1912 :
 1912 :
 1912 : Fate's Interception : L'américain 1912 : Just Like a Woman : The Wealthy Friend
 1912 : His Lesson
 1912 :  de D. W. Griffith : The King of Romanda 1912 :  de D. W. Griffith : The Blacksmith
 1912 :  de D. W. Griffith : Un Indien 1912 :  1912 : An Indian Summer 1912 : Man's Genesis : Bruteforce
 1912 : The Sands of Dee
 1912 :  de D. W. Griffith : The Indian Girl's Great Brother 1912 : In the North Woods : Extra
 1912 :
 1912 : A Sailor's Heart : Le faux mari 1913 : Three Friends, de D. W. Griffith : Dans la seconde usine
 1913 : Below Stairs
 1913 : The Massacre de D. W. Griffith : Stephen 1913 : Bred in the Bone 1913 : The Smuggler's Daughter 1913 : Cohen's Outing 1913 : A Tender-Hearted Crook 1914 : The Desert's Sting 1914 : The Trap 1914 : Dolores D'Arada, Lady of Sorrow 1914 : Brute Force : Brute Force
 1914 : The Magnets
 1915 : A Woman's Debt
 1915 : Smouldering Fires
 1915 : Their Hour
 1915 : The Spanish Jade : Osmund Manvers 1915 : Le Lys et la Rose (The Lily and the Rose) de Paul Powell : Jack Van Norman
 1916 :  de Paul Powell : Fred Arnold 1916 : Acquitted, de Paul Powell : John Carter
 1916 : Macbeth, de John Emerson : Macduff 1916 : A Wild Girl of the Sierras : Jim Hamilton
 1916 : Intolérance (Intolerance: Love's Struggle Throughout the Ages), de D. W. Griffith : Extra 1916 : Hell-to-Pay Austin : Hell-to-Pay Austin
 1916 : The Rummy : The Rummy 1916 : The Microscope Mystery : Doc Arnold
 1917 : Jim Bludso : Jim Bludso 1917 : A Love Sublime : Philip
 1917 : Hands Up! : John Houston 1917 : Souls Triumphant, de John O'Brien : Robert Powers
 1917 : Her Excellency, the Governor, d'Albert Parker : James Barclay 1917 : The Food Gamblers, d'Albert Parker : Henry Havens
 1917 : Sins of Ambition : Andrew Maxwell 1917 : The Co-respondent : Richard Manning
 1917 : The Judgement House : Rudyard Byng 1919 : What Every Woman Wants : Horace Lennon
 1919 : The Hushed Hour : Robert Appleton Jr. 1919 : The Westerners : Jim Buckley
 1919 : Girl from Nowhere : Diamond Terry 1919 : A Woman of Pleasure : Sir John Thornbull
 1919 : Le Dictateur (Soldiers of Fortune) d'Allan Dwan : Président Alvarez Années 1920

 1920 : The Man from Kangaroo : Red Jack Braggan
 1920 : The Jackeroo of Coolabong : John MacDonald 1921 : The Shadow of Lightning Rydge : Sir Edward Marriott
 1921 : The Breaking Point : Mortimer Davidson 1921 : Par l'entrée de service (Through the Back Door) d'Alfred E. Green et Jack Pickford : Elton Reeves
 1921 : The Fighting Breed : John MacDonald 1921 : The Shadow of Lightning Ridge : Edward Mariott
 1921 : The Better Man : Red Jack Braggan 1921 : The Beautiful Liar : Gaston Allegretti
 1922 : The Barnstormer : Leading Man 1922 : Across the Deadline : Aaron Kidder
 1922 : Flesh and Blood : Le policier 1922 : Paid Back : Ship Captain
 1922 : Un derby sensationnel (The Kentucky Derby) de King Baggot : Capt. Wolff 1922 : Barriers of Folly : Wallace Clifton
 1922 : Heroes of the Street
 1923 : Jazzmania de Robert Z. Leonard : Julius Furman
 1923 : Can a Woman Love Twice? : Franklyn Chase 1923 : The Girl of the Golden West : Ashby
 1923 : The Greatest Menace : Charles W. Wright 1923 : Trilby : The Laird
 1923 : Why Women Remarry, de John Gorman : . Compton 1923 : Innocence : Collingwood
 1924 : The Mask of Lopez : Richard O'Neil 1924 : North of Nevada : C. Hanaford
 1924 : Dorothy Vernon (Dorothy Vernon of Haddon Hall), de Marshall Neilan : Earl of Rutland 1924 : Daughters of Pleasure de William Beaudine : Mark Hadley
 1924 : Valley of Hate : Old Jim Darley 1924 : The Fighting Sap : Charles Richmond
 1924 : Girls Men Forget : Michael Shayne 1924 : Passion's Pathway : Richard Stanton
 1924 : A Fight for Honor : Tom Grady 1924 : Cornered de William Beaudine : Updike 1924 : Racing for Life : Hudford
 1924 : The Fatal Mistake
 1924 : The Price She Paid : James Presbury 1924 : Lightning Romance : Richard Wade
 1924 : On Probation : Detective Reilly 1925 : Easy Money 1925 : Le Sans-Patrie (The Man Without a Country) de Rowland V. Lee : Maj. Bissell
 1925 : Tom le vengeur () de Lynn Reynolds : Oldring 1925 : A Broadway Butterfly : Stage Manager
 1925 : The Snob Buster : John Pendergast 1925 : How Baxter Butted In : R.S. Falk
 1925 : Youth's Gamble : Harry Blaine 1925 : The Bad Lands : Col. Owen
 1925 : The Wife Who Wasn't Wanted : Juge Bledsoe 1925 : Was It Bigamy? : Attorney
 1925 : Cyclone Cavalier : Hugh Clayton 1926 : Her Sacrifice : Edwin Ramsey
 1926 : The Sorrows of Satan : Ministre 1927 : The Nest : Howard Hardy
 1927 : Burnt Fingers : Lord Cumberly Années 1930

 1930 : Hello Sister :  Saltus
 1930 : Cock o' the Walk : Señor Vallejo 1930 : Those Who Dance : Big Ben Benson
 1930 : Le Tigre de l'Arizona (The Arizona Kid) d'Alfred Santell
 1930 : Madame Satan (Madam Satan), de Cecil B. DeMille : Sénateur romain
 1930 : Looser Than Loose
 1930 : L'Amour en l'an 2000 (Just Imagine) de David Butler : X-10 1931 : Millie : Millie's elderly escort
 1931 : Men Call It Love
 1931 : Agent X 27 (Dishonored) : Gen. Dymov 1931 : Cracked Nuts : Minister
 1931 : Son gosse (Young Donovan's Kid) de Fred Niblo : Duryea 1931 : Politics : Edgar - un mari
 1931 : Homicide Squad
 1931 : Caught
 1931 : Pardon Us : Warden 1931 :  de Robert F. McGowan : Doctor
 1931 : The Galloping Ghost : Sportscaster [Chs. 1, 12] 1931 : Graft : Candidate Louis
 1931 : The Age for Love : Rôle indéfini 1931 : The Phantom : Dist. Atty. John Hampton
 1931 :  de Christy Cabanne : Captain Hammond 1931 : Rich Man's Folly 1931 : Sa femme 1932 : The Tabasco Kid : Député
 1932 : Cross-Examination, de Richard Thorpe : Juge Hollister 1932 : Red Noses : . Lucas
 1932 : The Midnight Patrol de Christy Cabanne
 1932 : The Silver Lining : Yacht Captain 1932 : The Tenderfoot : Patterson
 1932 : Week-End Marriage : Juan 1932 : The Dark Horse : Debate Chairman
 1932 : What Price Hollywood? : Bill, Replacement Director 1932 : Stranger in Town 1932 : Devil and the Deep : Juge à la Cour Martiale
 1932 :  : Jury foreman 1932 : Big City Blues : Policeman
 1932 : Free Wheeling : The specialist 1932 : Apache, cheval de la mort (The Devil Horse) : Whitney [Ch. 1]
 1932 : À tour de brasses () de Lloyd Bacon : Official 1932 : Call Her Savage : Child Welfare official
 1932 : No More Orchids : Banquier 1932 : The Unwritten Law : Capitaine Kane
 1932 : Le Signe de la croix (The Sign of the Cross)
 1932 :  : Political Crony 1932 : Lucky Larrigan : John Larrigan
 1932 : Secrets of Wu Sin : Pharmacien 1932 : Sister to Judas : Mike O'Flanagan
 1933 : Lawyer Man : Second Jury Foreman 1933 : Racetrack : . Ryan
 1933 : Phantom Thunderbolt : Eaton (railroad president) 1933 : The Intruder : . Wayne
 1933 : Les Trois Mousquetaires : El Shaitan (voix)
 1933 : Lost in Limehouse : Tom Wilson
 1933 : The Big Cage : Bob Mills 1933 : Le Long des quais (I cover the Waterfront) : Randall
 1933 : The Sphinx : Prosecuting Attorney
 1933 : Strange People : John Davis 1933 : The Mayor of Hell : Bill, a Guard
 1933 : Midnight Mary : Nightclub Bouncer 1933 :  de William Beaudine : Doorman
 1933 : Mary Stevens, M.D. : Barry, avocat d'Andrews 1933 : Notorious but Nice : Juge
 1933 : Turn Back the Clock : 1921 Spokesman 1933 : Day of Reckoning : Guard
 1933 : From Headquarters : Intake officer 1933 : Advice to the Lovelorn : Reporter
 1933 :  de Robert Florey : Prosecuting Attorney 1933 : Gallant Lady : Butler
 1933 : Air Fright de Gus Meins : Airport Manager 1934 : The Moth : John Gale
 1934 : La Maison des Rothschild (The House of Rothschild) : Page 1934 : The Lost Jungle : Circus ring announcer
 1934 : Upperworld : Boat Captain 1934 : L'Agent n° 13 (Operator 13) : Juge
 1934 :  d'Harry Beaumont : Conducteur du train 1934 :  d'H. Bruce Humberstone : Sergent de Police
 1934 : Le Comte de Monte-Cristo (The Count of Monte Cristo) : Détective 1934 : Peck's Bad Boy 1934 : Une nuit d'amour (One Night of Love) : Homme
 1934 : The Return of Chandu : Capt. Wilson [Chs. 4-12] 1934 : Cléopâtre : Roman greeting Antony
 1934 : Madame DuBarry : Servant on Lawn Keeping Score 1934 :  de Benjamin Stoloff : Policier au Dock
 1934 : Love Time : Dignitary 1934 : The Firebird : Acteur
 1934 : Shrimps for a Day : . Wade, the sponsor 1934 : The Secret Bride : Bailiff
 1934 : The Chases of Pimple Street : . Lucas, patron de Charley 1935 : Angkor : Wilfred Lucas, game hunter
 1935 : Charlie Chan in Paris : Doorman at the 'Singe Bleu' 1935 : La Fugue de Mariette (Naughty Marietta) : Announcer
 1935 : Les Misérables : Onlooker 1935 : Vagabond Lady : Dock official
 1935 : Alibi Ike : Umpire 1935 : Bureau des épaves : Pat, a Welfare Worker
 1935 : Aimez-moi toujours : Bit Role 1935 : The Arizonian de Charles Vidor : Townsman with Mayor
 1935 :  de Ford Beebe et B. Reeves Eason : Frank Hammond 1935 : Navy Wife : Pedestrian
 1935 :  d'Erle C. Kenton : Gazette Editor 1935 : Stormy : Mack's Horse Trainer
 1935 : Rip Roaring Riley : Police Chief 1935 : La Femme traquée (I Found Stella Parish) : Custom's Official
 1935 : Another Face de Christy Cabanne : . Jerome, screenwriter 1935 : La Vie de Louis Pasteur (The Story of Louis Pasteur) : Reporter
 1935 : Émeutes () de Lloyd Bacon :
 1935 : Show Them No Mercy! : Druggist 1935 : Un bienfait dangereux (Kind Lady) : First Scotland Yard Man
 1936 : Chatterbox, de George Nichols Jr. : Lui-même
 1936 : Les Temps modernes (Modern Times) : Juvenile officer 1936 : The Lady Consents :  Rand
 1936 : Je n'ai pas tué Lincoln (The Prisoner of Shark Island) : Colonel Testifying at Trial 1936 : Preview Murder Mystery : Director
 1936 : Love on a Bet : Homme au meeting de Hutchinson 1936 : The Country Doctor : Proprietor
 1936 : Midnight Blunders : Professeur Edwin Millstone 1936 : Sa majesté est de sortie (The King Steps Out) : Driver, Von Kempen Carriage
 1936 : Human Cargo : Police Chief 1936 : Hearts Divided : Footman Announcing Guests
 1936 : The White Angel : Raglan Staff Officer 1936 : High Tension : Businessman
 1936 : Les Poupées du diable (The Devil-Doll) : Off-Screen Voice (voix)
 1936 : Mary Stuart (Mary of Scotland) : Lexington
 1936 : Dimples : Creditor 1936 : La Charge de la brigade légère (The Charge of the Light Brigade) : Captain
 1936 : California Mail : Sheriff Jeff 1936 : Give Me Liberty : His Excellency, Permitting Henry's Arrest
 1936 :  de D. Ross Lederman : Jailer 1937 : We Who Are About to Die de Christy Cabanne : Prison yard captain
 1937 : Black Legion : Bailiff 1937 : Criminal Lawyer : Brandon's Assistant
 1937 :  de Christy Cabanne : Albert, un gardien de prison 1937 : Les Démons de la mer (Sea Devils) de Benjamin Stoloff : Coast Guard officer
 1937 :  : . Vance [Ch. 10] 1937 : The Super Snooper 1937 : Circus Girl : Doctor
 1937 : The Romance of Louisiana : Cabinet Member 1937 : Land Beyond the Law : Rancher Jim Blake
 1937 : Dizzy Doctors : Patient 1937 : Motor Madness : Police Captain
 1937 : Mile a Minute Love : Drexel 1937 : Femmes marquées (Marked Woman) : First Trial Jury Foreman
 1937 : I Promise to Pay : Police Sergeant 1937 : Blazing Sixes : Sheriff Tom
 1937 :  de Christy Cabanne : Announcer Introducing Jimmy 1937 : Empty Holsters : John Ware
 1937 : Talent Scout : Director 1937 : Varsity Show : Police Commissioner
 1937 : Prairie Thunder : Nate Temple 1937 : Une riche famille : Customer in Drugstore
 1937 : Life Begins with Love : Director 1937 : Conquest : Major Domo
 1937 : Un homme a disparu (The Perfect Specimen) : Deputy Sheriff 1937 : Les Cadets de la mer (Navy Blue and Gold) : Ship's captain
 1937 : The Man Without a Country : Lincoln's secretary 1937 : Checkers : Race Judge
 1937 : Missing Witnesses : Judge, Wagner case 1937 : She Loved a Fireman : Fire tug captain
 1938 : Sergeant Murphy : Mule Boat Captain 1938 : Daredevil Drivers : Race Judge
 1938 : The Baroness and the Butler de Walter Lang : Member of Parliament 1938 : Over the Wall : Cell Block Keeper
 1938 : Accidents Will Happen : Bailiff 1938 : Rascals 1938 : Safety in Numbers : Councilman
 1938 :  d'Otto Brower : Paddock Steward 1938 : Rêves de jeunesse (Four Daughters) : Doctor
 1938 :  de Frank McDonald : Prof. Ullrich 1938 : Down on the Farm : Wheeler
 1938 : Brother Rat : Ballfield Doctor 1938 : Les Anges aux figures sales (Angels with Dirty Faces) : Police sergeant
 1938 : The Declaration of Independence : John Dickinson 1939 : Arizona Legion : . Fisher, Defense Attorney
 1939 : Almost a Gentleman : Dog Show Director 1939 : Les Conquérants (Dodge City) : Bartender
 1939 : Women in the Wind : Burbank Offical 1939 : Deux bons copains (Zenobia) : Bit Part
 1939 : Sons of Liberty : Physician 1939 : Racketeers of the Range : Steve (cattle rancher)
 1939 : 6000 Enemies : Deputy 1939 : À chaque aube je meurs (Each Dawn I Die) : Bailiff
 1939 : The Day the Bookies Wept : Bill, Man Outside Racetrack 1939 : The Marshal of Mesa City : Marshal Andy Thompson
 1939 : Nick Carter, Master Detective : Police Detective Randall 1939 : Four Wives : Stationmaster
 1939 : Raffles, gentleman cambrioleur (Raffles) : Bobby Années 1940

 1940 : Legion of the Lawless : East Ivestown leader
 1940 : The Fighting 69th : Doctor checking eyes 1940 : Les As d'Oxford (A Chump at Oxford) : Dean Williams
 1940 : Women Without Names : Roomer 1940 : La Caravane héroïque (Virginia City) : Southerner
 1940 :  : un policier
 1940 : La Vie de Thomas Edison (Edison, the Man) : Broker 1940 : La Valse dans l'ombre (Waterloo Bridge) : Elderly huntsman at estate dance
 1940 : Pony Express Days : St. Louis Mayor Jeff Thompson 1940 : Brother Orchid : Brother MacDonald
 1940 : Women in Hiding : Policeman 1940 : The Man Who Talked Too Much : Chaplain #2
 1940 : Une femme dangereuse (They Drive by Night) : Bailiff 1940 : Triple Justice : Constable Herb at Tule Mesa
 1940 : Ragtime Cowboy Joe : Sam Osborne 1940 : Une dépêche Reuter (A Dispatch from Reuter's) : Board Member
 1940 : La Piste de Santa Fe (Santa Fe Trail) : Weiner 1941 : Back Street : Congratulator at Race
 1941 : Le Vaisseau fantôme (The Sea Wolf) : Helmsman comme réalisateur
 Années 1910

 1912 : An Outcast Among Outcasts 1912 :  1912 : With the Enemy's Help 1912 : A Sailor's Heart 1913 : Pirate Gold 1913 : Gold Is Not All 1913 : At Midnight 1913 : Below Stairs 1913 : Bred in the Bone 1913 : The Smuggler's Daughter 1913 : The Honor of the Regiment 1913 : Cohen's Outing 1913 : Baby Day 1913 : Billy Dodges Bills 1913 : The Janitor 1913 : Fatty's Day Off 1913 :  1913 : Mabel aux courses (The Speed Kings)
 1914 :  1914 : A Glimpse of Los Angeles 1914 : The Desert's Sting 1914 : A Quiet Day at Murphy's 1914 : The Severed Hand 1914 : The Love Victorious 1914 : The Trey o' Hearts 1915 : The Human Menace 1915 : The Spanish Jade 1916 : The Mother Instinct 1917 : Jim Bludso 1917 : A Love Sublime 1917 : Hands Up! 1918 : Morgan's Raiders 1918 : Le Retour du cœur (The Red, Red Heart)
 1918 : The Return of Mary 1918 : Le Roman de Tarzan (The Romance of Tarzan)
 1918 : The Testing of Mildred Vane 1919 : Girl from Nowhere Années 1920

 1920 : The Man from Kangaroo 1920 : The Jackeroo of Coolabong 1921 : The Shadow of Lightning Rydge 1921 : The Fighting Breed 1921 : The Shadow of Lightning Ridge 1921 : The Better Man 1924 : Le Boute-en-train (Girls Men Forget)
 1924 : The Fatal Mistake 1926 : Her Sacrifice Années 1930

 1932 : The Unwritten Law 1933 : The Sphinx comme scénariste
 Années 1910

 1910 : Sunshine Sue 1911 : The Ruling Passion 1912 :  1912 :  1912 :  1916 : The Rummy 1917 : A Love Sublime 1917 : Hands Up! 1918 : Morgan's Raiders Années 1920

 1921 : The Fighting Breed 1924 : Racing for Life''

Notes et références

Liens externes

Naissance en Ontario
Naissance en janvier 1871
Acteur américain
Réalisateur américain
Scénariste américain de cinéma
Décès en décembre 1940
Décès à Los Angeles
Réalisateur de films burlesques
Décès à 69 ans


Stella photographs eight naked men. They tell fragments of stories, revealing details of their lives and emotions within the privileged confines of an artist studio. Later in the story the roles are reversed - the women in the studio do some of their own storytelling and offer a different point of view.


Each year, CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) reviews the recommended childhood and adolescent immunization schedule to ensure that it is current with changes in manufacturers' vaccine formulations and contains revised recommendations for the use of licensed vaccines, including those newly licensed. The recommended childhood immunization schedule for 2003 has remained the same in content and format since January 2002 (Figure 1). The recommendations and format have been approved by ACIP, the American Academy of Family Physicians, and the American Academy of Pediatrics.


But I don't like faces on book covers nor do I like the cut-off woman in period dress on historical fiction covers, so. . .what did you all do, self-publishers, about your covers?
And in the other mind stream--and on a much more personal note--my maternal grandfather died this past Saturday. He was 89 years old, had been ill for some time, and we knew it was coming very soon, so the family had time to prepare. We were at the house as he/just after he passed. You can't ask for a more peaceful and family-filled end. Still sad, though.
Sorry about your grandfather. I only had one growing up. He died at 77 about 13 years ago, but it was very sad. It was one of those, slipped very quickly kind of things.
But really though, I think picking out a cover would be my most favorite part. :) I play around with mock covers a lot already. If I remember my conference panel that I went to on this on last year, I think they said you can get a really good custom cover for around $150.
I don't want to spend a ton on the cover, you know, which is why I've been looking at pre-made ones. No dice yet.
Sorry about your loss :( I can't imagine how that must feel. In a way I know it's inevitable, but it still makes me sad to think about it.
So sorry for your loss. Glad you could be there though. Sometimes that is the greatest blessing when you know it's time for a loved one to move on.
Good luck for your cover search. I don't write historical so I don't have any advice.
I'm sorry for your loss, Michelle.
Maybe think about a different aspect of your story that you can highlight on the cover. Like if it's pioneer times, a photo of a covered wagon instead of a pioneer woman. Maybe try something more symbolic.
Errr...well, it's late Georgian England. So we have ships. We have Bristol, England. Pearl buys new gloves toward the end of the story. I'm trying to decide, I think, what says "historical fiction" to people.
Sorry to hear of your grandfather passing.
As for historical and diverse, have you thought about an old time plantation style mansion? To me, that conveys historical!
It definitely says historical, but only a bit of it takes place on a plantation. I've never put this much thought into a cover before. It's different when it's yours!
Thank you Anna--that looks fantastic. I'll definitely look at it more closely.
Glad your novella is going so well. I don't know very much about cover art myself but I'm sure you'll find something good.
Thank you. My copyeditor says she'll have it back by the weekend.
Sorry to hear about your grandfather, but it sounds like he passed peacefully.
Oh yeah---I think you mentioned this in the Facebook group, right? Thank you for this.
So sorry about your grandfather, Michelle. But he live a nice long time! Am sure many memories were made.
Sorry that your grandfather has passed. It's good to be around family during those times.
For your cover, I like hands. They could be doing something that represents the piece, and sleeves that depict the times.
I sort of had an idea of maybe the character's arms with her hands clasped, wearing gloves. Or something. I'll have to look around at the resources and links all of you have left!
I'm so sorry to read about your loss. It's good to read that the family had time to prepare and were present as he/just after he passed. I'm sure that was very comforting for everybody.
With regards to the book cover, I don't have much experience with that. Yet. I'll get there. One day.
Seems like some good advice in the comments above.
Congrats on the progress with your novella! Awesome!
I'll definitely post about what happens with the cover situation, since I have a few places to look into now. And thank you so much!
Thank you very much, Sandra. Hard to believe it's now been a week.


If the reward appears to be small and the risk so great, why do many people battle the Earth's elements for glory?
For all of his eventual entrepreneurial swagger and ruthless accumulation of wealth, Ted Turner has always been, deep inside, just another history nerd. When, as a teenager at Brown University, he informed his dad that he wanted to major in classics rather than business, the elder Turner savaged him in an eloquent note.
This was in 1957. Twenty-two years later, Turner had yet to create CNN, but he had purchased the Atlanta Braves and Hawks, a 5,000-acre plantation in South Carolina, and a fistful of radio and TV stations. An obsessive sailor — he was captain of the team in college — he had won an America's Cup and been featured on the cover of Sports Illustrated (headline: "Terrible Ted Takes Command") in a sweater embroidered with his ship's name, Courageous. In 1979, Turner skippered another ship, this one called Tenacious, in the biennial Fastnet ocean race up the English Channel and across the Celtic Sea.
Most ships gave up, waiting to be rescued by military and commercial fleets. Dozens sunk or were abandoned. Tenacious not only finished the race, it took first place in handicap-adjusted time. "I was more afraid of losing than I was of dying," Turner said, more than once, about that long dark night — but that wasn't even the most callous of his frank postrace remarks.
Standing on a dock, he then launched into a verse from the 1842 poem "Horatius," about an ancient military officer unafraid to sacrifice his life to prevent the sacking of Rome. Turner may have eventually changed his major at Brown back to economics, but he became a history-worshiping jackass nonetheless.
"We give up, why?" the interviewer said.
Turner is far from the only unapologetic ultracompetitor in the history of yacht racing, nor is he the only business magnate captivated by the high speeds to be found on the high seas. Dennis Conner, a renowned sailor known as "Mr. America's Cup," also competed in the 1979 Fastnet race, and he had a similar reaction as Turner to the deadly storm.
Oracle founder Larry Ellison, who bankrolled the America's Cup–winning syndicate just last year, is, like Turner, both a rich eccentric and a longtime yachting enthusiast. He, too, endured a night of squall-fueled terror during a major ocean race. In 1998, he was at the helm of the 78-foot-long Sayonara for the famed Sydney-Hobart, an excursion from Australian to Tasmania that was struck that year by a storm reminiscent of the one that hit Fastnet in 1979.
Ellison, unlike Turner, didn't scoff at the storm Lieutenant Dan style or seem to value winning over survival, though he did point out that "you're so busy doing your job that there's no time to think about dying." He never sailed that race again, preferring to remain closer to shore. But he did remember the "incredible" feeling of crossing the finish line first.
It's a beautiful sunrise. The sky is pink and amber and Prussian blue. It's gorgeous. There's heather on the hills. It's a Scottish community. A small boat pulls up next to you, and with bagpipes, greets the winner. Incredibly somber bagpipe music is playing. Gorgeous sunrise. Beautiful. Tough guys crying. It's something I'll never forget in my entire life. The glory, the wonder of being alive.
What forces folks to risk so much on something that, from the outside looking in, rewards so little? It's a question that comes up often, and not just regarding water sports. We glimpse men and women — husbands and wives; sons and daughters; parents of little children — hurling themselves off cliffs in flying-squirrel suits, or skiing down chutes so narrow that one walnut-size piece of debris could lead to death, or launching themselves high into the sky on tiny little bikes. We wonder what on earth they're thinking, whether they've even thought at all.
It's easy to gasp and easier to judge, but so often these types — these "thrill seekers," as they are commonly known — have found the sort of personal clarity that many people spend thousands upon thousands of dollars on therapy bills or yoga classes to achieve. They know who they are and what they want and what it takes to get it.
If you don't know these types, you may find them frivolous; if you do, you know just how serious they are. They spend more time assessing snowpack and evaluating the safety of the conditions than they do blazing down a hill. They spend their every waking hour honing survival instincts and muscle memories so, should something go awry, they can best react. "You're supposed to have a strong vessel with crew and equipment for any condition," Turner explained. "I feel a little like Noah. I knew that the flood was coming, and I had a boat ready that would get me through it." That's good risk management, even if it comes across a bit like Goldman Sachs executives praising themselves for surviving the financial crisis.
Grouping Ted Turner with the Shane McConkeys of the world is giving the man too much credit, to be clear. He's far too outwardly competitive for that; his high comes not from the sailing, but from the winning; not from the race, but from the finish line. But there is an overlap in the calculation of their recklessness, in the precision of their abandon.
It's hard to explain and uncomfortable to justify, for sure; it's like Minnie Driver telling Matt Damon that when she looks at a piano she sees chopsticks. Most people look at an expanse of white snow or blue sky or churning ocean and see fear or risk. Others see a blank canvas to be painted, a God-given wonder to be honored, the only way to live. When Turner stood on the dock spouting off the words of Lord Macaulay, it was, as his father had once feared, an utterly pretentious show. But even he probably wouldn't have memorized all of those words unless they had some inner resonance.
This piece has been updated to correct the name of the sea the Tenacious traversed in 1979.


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It's a really big book written by a guy who really know's what he's talking about. Check out the About Us section above to get all the nitty gritty info.
Martin Atkins, author, CEO, drummer, and so many other things (read more) spends 75% of the year on the road speaking about helping bands and artists. We try as best we can to make all these events FREE (and when they aren't free, we usually have discount codes floating around). Follow us on Twitter for up to the minute news. We have events booked now worldwide. Click on that handy Events button above.
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Anne Arundel County Executive Laura Neuman has announced the appointment of Meredith L. Thompson to the position of Public Information Officer. Thompson previously served as Public Affairs Specialist, where she assisted the Public Information Officer with communication efforts.
Prior to joining the county earlier this year, Thompson was the assistant editor of the Severna Park Voice, Arundel Voice and Pasadena Voice newspapers in Anne Arundel County. She holds a bachelor of science in Business Communication from Stevenson University.
A resident of Arnold, Thompson is an active member of and volunteer at Bay Area Community Church in Annapolis.
Thompson replaced Linda West who resigned earlier in the year.


Affiliate programs are one of the most successful methods to drive sales for a Web site. So why not? Why can't Google start an affiliate program for its AdWords and AdSense programs?
Currently, forum coverage at Search Engine Watch.


But only 20 of weight loss surgery patients get body contouring, says John Morton, MD, president of the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery. A big reason for that is the expense. A total body lift can cost 30, 000.
Five Belly Toning Exercises to Tighten Skin after Weight Loss. Fitday Editor Fitness.
Toning. There are a number toning exercises that can help tighten skin on your belly after a significant weight loss. Extra loose skin is common after losing a large amount of weight and belly fat is always tough to get rid of.
May 03, 2012 20 Ways To Tighten Skin After Weight Loss 20 Ways To Tighten Skin After Weight Loss. By JimmyGotSLEEVED, April 9 great for your heart, and theyre even great for tightening skin after weight loss! Add a round of calisthenics to your weekly routine, three or four times a week, and enjoy the jumping jacks, push Help for Excess Skin After Weight Loss Excess skin left after a major weight loss can be unsightly and uncomfortable.
But if youve lost a lot of weight in a short period of timeas can occur after weight loss surgerythe excess skin may be bothering you. Body contouring surgery is a way to remove excess skin so that you can feel better about your looks. Can You Bind the Tummy to Tighten Loose Skin? to wear a belly wrap. Some women, especially those who have just had surgery, may not be able to wear compression garments. Warnings Never wear a compression garment during pregnancy. Lose Weight. Feel Great! How to Do a Weight Loss Body Wrap at Home. Seaweed Dr. Jack Zamora performs the procedure, which involves some liposuction followed by the use of plasma energy to tighten tissue. He says the plasma helps to tighten the skin after fat removal. The procedure is followed by wearing a compression garment for a The best ways to tighten loose skin after weight loss include adding protein to your diet, cutting back on sugar, increasing your muscle tone, and drinking more water.
Find out about the options for tightening excess skin. To get rid of the loose skin, exercise helps, a little.
Jasmin Maldonado, a 36yearold living in Brooklyn who lost 130 pounds after weightloss surgery nearly a decade ago, says a daily routine of squats, situps and pullups has made a difference. But shes still embarrassed about the way she looks. Please contact the OSU Department of Plastic Surgery to schedule a consultation for afterweight loss body contouring surgery.
Once you have lost weight, you may be experiencing an unpleasant side effect: extra skin folds and fat deposits forming in a variety of body regions. This is very common after losing Comments Off on 20 Ways to Tighten Skin after Weight Loss!
# 1. LOSE WEIGHT NOW! A weekly massage therapy session can help tighten skin during and after weight loss or the DIY solution, get your partner to massage and gently scratch you all over once per week and see what happens.
This thread is much better jacked. All it needs now is a breakfast pastry. Or a dozen.


NASA's Keplar probe has discovered a white dwarf star tearing apart a rocky planet in what could be a preview of Earth's fate.
In much the same way the Death Star destroyed Alderaan in Star Wars (OK, minus the superlaser), NASA's Keplar probe has found a similar star causing the death of a planet in a system far, far away.
A white dwarf forms when a relatively low-mass star, such as the Sun, runs out of fuel. After first expanding into a red giant and engulfing the inner planets (which in the Solar System could include Earth), the star sheds its outer layers to leave a small and very dense core. Heavy elements are pulled towards the center of the dead star under its strong gravity.
What made this find so interesting was that there were irregularities in the flickers of light, meaning that scientists were observing long streaks of debris trailing behind the orbiting body. "The white dwarf was ripping it apart by its extreme gravity and turning it into dust," Andrew Vanderburg, a graduate student at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, told The Smithsonian.
Scientists speculate that the massive gravity pull would start to destroy orbits of surrounding planets and asteroids, sending them careening into each one another. Other bodies would just be pulled apart. In the case of WD 1145+017, scientists speculate that as many as six bodies are orbiting the star, each with their own distinctive dust trail. Further tests indicate that , instead of just the hydrogen and helium that should be in the white dwarf, there are also indications of calcium, iron and aluminium, which are likely being pulled into the star from the shattered orbital debris.
"I cannot overstate how cool this result is," said John Debes, an astronomer at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, Maryland. "For a long time, we've had a good hypothesis about how white dwarfs get dusty, but to directly observe planetesimals (rocky objects the size of dwarf planets or smaller) evaporating before our eyes is very exciting."
If you are into analyzing highly scientific graphics about light, check out the gallery.
So if the Earth survives the Red Giant phase of our sun's demise, it will likely be pulled apart and vaporized - millions of years from now.


text:
Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) based-ultrasonic electrostatic actuators on a flexible substrate
Sangpyeong Kim, Xu Zhang, Robin Daugherty, Ed Lee, George Kunnen, David Allee, Eric Forsythe, Junseok Chae
Global Security Initiative (GSI)
Connection One (C1)
Flexible Electronics and Display Center (FEDC)
Knowledge Enterprise (KE)
Nano-Electronics, Arizona Institute of (AINE)
Solid State Electronics Research Center (CSSER)
Applied Nanoionics, Center for (CANi)
We present a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)-based electrostatic actuator on a flexible substrate, made of polyethylene naphthalate, which emits acoustic waves at ultrasonic frequencies. The actuator has a suspended diaphragm, made of parylene, of 2-6-mm diameter and a 6-μ gap between the diaphragm and substrate. The actuator is driven by hydrogenated amorphous silicon integrated circuits. The driving circuits consist of voltage-controlled oscillator and buffer chain, which can tune the output voltage from 3 to 32 V with 35-V supply. A single actuator emits ultrasonic waves at 25 kHz and pressure of 27-dB sound pressure level (SPL), and a 1 × 2 array emits up to 34.6-dB SPL at 1-cm distance.
IEEE Electron Device Letters
https://doi.org/10.1109/LED.2012.2195630
Electrostatic actuator
microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)
ultrasonic actuator
10.1109/LED.2012.2195630
Dive into the research topics of 'Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) based-ultrasonic electrostatic actuators on a flexible substrate'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Electrostatic actuators Engineering & Materials Science 100%
Acoustic Impedance Chemical Compounds 83%
MEMS Engineering & Materials Science 60%
Acoustic waves Engineering & Materials Science 51%
Actuators Engineering & Materials Science 49%
Diaphragms Engineering & Materials Science 47%
Sound Property Chemical Compounds 46%
Kim, S., Zhang, X., Daugherty, R., Lee, E., Kunnen, G., Allee, D., Forsythe, E., & Chae, J. (2012). Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) based-ultrasonic electrostatic actuators on a flexible substrate. IEEE Electron Device Letters, 33(7), 1072-1074. [6204318]. https://doi.org/10.1109/LED.2012.2195630
Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) based-ultrasonic electrostatic actuators on a flexible substrate. / Kim, Sangpyeong; Zhang, Xu; Daugherty, Robin et al.
In: IEEE Electron Device Letters, Vol. 33, No. 7, 6204318, 2012, p. 1072-1074.
Kim, S, Zhang, X, Daugherty, R, Lee, E, Kunnen, G, Allee, D, Forsythe, E & Chae, J 2012, 'Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) based-ultrasonic electrostatic actuators on a flexible substrate', IEEE Electron Device Letters, vol. 33, no. 7, 6204318, pp. 1072-1074. https://doi.org/10.1109/LED.2012.2195630
Kim S, Zhang X, Daugherty R, Lee E, Kunnen G, Allee D et al. Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) based-ultrasonic electrostatic actuators on a flexible substrate. IEEE Electron Device Letters. 2012;33(7):1072-1074. 6204318. doi: 10.1109/LED.2012.2195630
Kim, Sangpyeong ; Zhang, Xu ; Daugherty, Robin et al. / Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) based-ultrasonic electrostatic actuators on a flexible substrate. In: IEEE Electron Device Letters. 2012 ; Vol. 33, No. 7. pp. 1072-1074.
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title = "Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) based-ultrasonic electrostatic actuators on a flexible substrate",
abstract = "We present a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)-based electrostatic actuator on a flexible substrate, made of polyethylene naphthalate, which emits acoustic waves at ultrasonic frequencies. The actuator has a suspended diaphragm, made of parylene, of 2-6-mm diameter and a 6-μ gap between the diaphragm and substrate. The actuator is driven by hydrogenated amorphous silicon integrated circuits. The driving circuits consist of voltage-controlled oscillator and buffer chain, which can tune the output voltage from 3 to 32 V with 35-V supply. A single actuator emits ultrasonic waves at 25 kHz and pressure of 27-dB sound pressure level (SPL), and a 1 × 2 array emits up to 34.6-dB SPL at 1-cm distance.",
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author = "Sangpyeong Kim and Xu Zhang and Robin Daugherty and Ed Lee and George Kunnen and David Allee and Eric Forsythe and Junseok Chae",
note = "Funding Information: Manuscript received January 6, 2012; revised March 9, 2012; accepted March 25, 2012. Date of publication May 24, 2012; date of current version June 22, 2012. This work was supported by the Army Research Laboratory under Cooperative Agreement W911NG-04-2-0005. The review of this letter was arranged by Editor A. Flewitt.",
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N1 - Funding Information: Manuscript received January 6, 2012; revised March 9, 2012; accepted March 25, 2012. Date of publication May 24, 2012; date of current version June 22, 2012. This work was supported by the Army Research Laboratory under Cooperative Agreement W911NG-04-2-0005. The review of this letter was arranged by Editor A. Flewitt.
N2 - We present a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)-based electrostatic actuator on a flexible substrate, made of polyethylene naphthalate, which emits acoustic waves at ultrasonic frequencies. The actuator has a suspended diaphragm, made of parylene, of 2-6-mm diameter and a 6-μ gap between the diaphragm and substrate. The actuator is driven by hydrogenated amorphous silicon integrated circuits. The driving circuits consist of voltage-controlled oscillator and buffer chain, which can tune the output voltage from 3 to 32 V with 35-V supply. A single actuator emits ultrasonic waves at 25 kHz and pressure of 27-dB sound pressure level (SPL), and a 1 × 2 array emits up to 34.6-dB SPL at 1-cm distance.
AB - We present a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)-based electrostatic actuator on a flexible substrate, made of polyethylene naphthalate, which emits acoustic waves at ultrasonic frequencies. The actuator has a suspended diaphragm, made of parylene, of 2-6-mm diameter and a 6-μ gap between the diaphragm and substrate. The actuator is driven by hydrogenated amorphous silicon integrated circuits. The driving circuits consist of voltage-controlled oscillator and buffer chain, which can tune the output voltage from 3 to 32 V with 35-V supply. A single actuator emits ultrasonic waves at 25 kHz and pressure of 27-dB sound pressure level (SPL), and a 1 × 2 array emits up to 34.6-dB SPL at 1-cm distance.
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text:
Case Reports in Clinical Medicine
10.4236/crcm.2017.64010
Severe Pubic Symphysis Diastasis Managed Conservatively: A Case Report and Review
Vijay Palvia1, Susan Kim2, Holli Warholic1, James Anasti1
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
2Temple School of Medicine, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
Received: February 23, 2017; Accepted: April 27, 2017; Published: April 30, 2017
Background: Pubic symphysis diastasis (PSD) is an uncommon complication of labor and delivery. Common risk factors of PSD include precipitous labor, rapid second stage of labor, intense uterine contractions, prior pelvic pathology, multiparity and macrosomia. Diagnosis is made clinically and confirmed by imaging. Management of PSD depends on the severity of symptoms and degree of symphysis separation. Standard therapy is conservative, but surgery may be needed in severe cases. Case Report: A 25-year-old female at term pregnancy presented in active labor and had a rapid second stage of labor without intravenous oxytocin or an epidural. She was subsequently diagnosed with severe PSD with a 5.5 cm separation. Her management included a pelvic binder, pain management, physical therapy, and serial imaging to monitor improvement. Discussion: In severe cases, surgery can be avoided in favor of conservative measures for the management of PSD. Multidisciplinary involvement with orthopedic surgery, radiology, physical therapy, and anesthesiology can play a vital role in optimal management. PSD may recur in future deliveries, but this does not preclude vaginal birth.
The pubic symphysis is a midline joint which helps to stabilize the left and right halves of the pelvis while resisting tension, shearing, and compression forces. It is also the weakest point along the pelvic ring and subject to physiologic changes, particularly during pregnancy. Whereas symphyseal pain is a common occurrence, varying from 3% - 20% of pregnancies [1] , symphyseal rupture is uncommon with estimates ranging from 1:500 to 1:30,000 pregnancies [2] . This acute event most commonly occurs during the second stage of labor upon delivery of the newborn [3] . The implications of pubic symphysis diastasis (PSD) are serious and can result in long term complications if not immediately recognized.
PSD is a rare occurrence in obstetrics. A review of the current literature of the past 25 years using the PubMed database with key search terms ("pubic symphysis diastasis" and "vaginal delivery") returned only 12 case reports. In this report, we describe a patient who presented in spontaneous labor and later developed severe PSD. Informed consent was obtained from the patient to report this case. All necessary measures were taken to avoid reporting of any protected health information in accordance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA). Her labor course, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management will be discussed here.
A 25-year-old female, gravida 4 para 0212presented to her routine prenatal appointment complaining of contractions and leakage of fluid at 38 weeks and 3 days gestation. Upon further evaluation she reported leakage of clear fluid since 6:00 am, contractions every 2 minutes, and decreased fetal movement. On initial presentation, her vitals were stable, fetal heart tones were reactive with a baseline of 120 beats per minute, and contractions were every 3 to 5 minutes on to cometry. Cervical exam consisted of 5 to 6 centimeters (cm) dilation, 70% effacement, −1 station of fetal head. Ferning and nitrazine tests were negative.
Her pregnancy was significant for group beta streptococcus (GBS) colonization of the genital tract, two prior preterm vaginal deliveries, anemia, and O negative blood type. Her past medical history is uncomplicated but her surgical history is significant for omphalocele repair (1990), exploratory laparotomy for small bowel obstruction (1998), cholecystectomy (2003), and appendectomy (1990).
Upon admission to the labor and delivery unit, routine labs were ordered and intravenous penicillin was started for indication of GBS infection. Her hemoglobin on admission was 9.9 g/dL(reference range 11.5 to 15.4 g/dL). She was then monitored for expectant management of her labor. At 10:00 pm, her cervical exam indicated she was only 6 cm dilated. She subsequently underwent amniotomy with clear fluid during this exam. She was reexamined at 12:30 am and was found to be significantly uncomfortable during her contractions. Her cervical exam showed minimal change at only 6 to 7 cm dilation. She declined an epidural for pain management and oxytocin for augmentation. Over the next 2 hours, she continued to demonstrate significant discomfort during her contractions.
At approximately 2:00 am, she reached complete cervical dilation with obvious fetal descent and had a strong urge to push. During her second stage of labor, there was difficulty with patient positioning and compliance with coordinated pushing. Further descent of the fetal head occurred rapidly over the next few minutes. Upon crowning of the fetal head, an audible sound was appreciated likely originating from the patient's right hip. There was obvious concern for hip injury. The baby delivered spontaneously without difficulty weighing 6 pounds and 14 ounces. The placenta was delivered without difficulty and bleeding was well controlled. Estimated blood loss at delivery was 300 mL.
Shortly after delivery, a neurovascular exam of the patient's lower extremities showed inability of bilateral hip flexion, pain on palpation of hip joints, and severe vulvar edema. She had appropriate dorsiflexion and plantar flexion of feet, intact sensation, and 2+ dorsalis pedis pulse. A Foley catheter was inserted for concern of urinary retention in light of recent trauma and vulvar edema. An anterior-posterior hip x-ray showed a 5.5 cm diastasis of the pubic symphysis along with mild widening of the sacroiliac joints (Figure 1). No other degenerative changes, dislocations, or fractures were noted on x-ray, however, prominent soft tissue swelling of the vulva and vagina was present. Orthopedic surgery recommended pelvic binder placement with serial tightening, serial hip X-rays, physical therapy, enoxaparin for deep venous thromboembolism prophylaxis, and pain management. The T-POD Pelvic Stabilization Device (Pyng Medical) was employed as the pelvic binder. The possibility of surgery was considered if conservative measures failed.
On postpartum day 1, pain was well controlled and serial tightening of the pelvic binder was tolerated by the patient. Repeat hip x-rays showed gradual reduction of the pubic symphysis diastasis from 5.5 cm to 1.6 cm by postpartum day 1 (Figure 2). She had marked improvement in mobilization and ambulation with physical therapy by post partum day 2. By postpartum day 3, her pain, mobility, and vulvar edema further improved. She was discharged on postpartum day 3 with the pelvic binder and was to follow up as outpatient with her obstetrician and orthopedic surgeon.
Figure 1. Marked pubic symphysis diastasis of 5.5 cm with mild widening of the sacroiliac joints.
Figure 2. Dramatic improvement in diastasis with serial tightening of pelvic binder.
Our patient is a rare but classic presentation of severe pubic symphysis diastasis. Her prenatal and antepartum care provided no clear indication of being considered an at-risk patient for this rare obstetrical complication. Her risk factors for PSD, discussed below, became evident after her diagnosis. Subsequent management required consultation with Orthopedic Surgery to determine best route of care. Fortunately, conservative management proved to be an adequate approach for her recovery. Proper care of this patient requires a detailed knowledge of the anatomy, biophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic testing, and therapeutic approaches for pubic symphysis diastasis.
Anatomically, the pubic symphysis is a vital component of the bony pelvis anatomy. It is a non-synovial fibrocartilaginous joint, which connects the superior rami of the bilateral pubic bones. The pubic symphysis consists of an interpubic disc with an articular surface that connects to both pubic bones. Further support is provided by four variable ligaments: the anterior, inferior, superior, and posterior ligaments. Collectively, the ligaments support the pubic symphysis and allow for its multidirectional movement. Vascularity to the pubic symphysis is supplied by branches of the obturator artery, inferior epigastric arteries, internal pudendal arteries, and medial circumflex femoral artery. Innervation comes from the branches of the pudendal, genitofemoral, iliohypogastric, and ilioinguinal nerves [1] . Fortunately, there was no evidence of neurovascular trauma in our patient.
The width of the pubic symphyseal joint is between 2.6 mm and 4 mm. It can widen by 3 to 4 mm during the course of pregnancy. A healthy joint is highly resistant to separation and requires significant exacerbation in order to rupture. Multiparous women undergo weakening of their ligamentous support, which further worsens during the course of pregnancy. Ligamentous laxity is mediated by relaxin and progesterone, which cause collagen degradation and remodeling by inducing expression of matrix metalloproteinases. The risk of rupture further increases during childbirth due to variable stress on these ligaments. In our case, it is evident that these ligaments underwent significant stress during the conclusion of the second stage of labor [1] .
Multiple risk factors for symphyseal rupture have been identified. The most common factors being fetal macrosomia and cephalopelvic disproportion. Other associated factors include rapid descent of the fetal head, precipitous labor, short second stage of labor, forceful abduction of the thighs, or difficult forceps delivery [4] . Degenerative joint disease due to prior pelvic trauma, arthritis, osteomalacia, chondromalacia, and congenital dysplasia has also been associated with rupture [5] . Although the majority of patients are multiparous, this is not a consistent finding as primigravida separations have occurred [6] . In regard to our patient, she was multiparous and her labor course was notable for rapid descent of the fetal head, short second stage of labor, and uncoordinated positioning and pushing.
Finally, epidural anesthesia can be a risk factor, but the correlation is less clear. An epidural can increase time of labor, which contradicts with the risk factor of precipitous labor. Theoretically, the anesthesia may cause numbness to the point where the patient will forcefully abduct her thighs further or bear down stronger during contractions to increase joint load. In contrast, lack of regional anesthesia can result in severe pain and discomfort during the second stage of labor, which can result in uncoordinated positioning and pushing [5] .
Clinical manifestations of pubic symphysis diastasis are often immediately apparent with acute onset of symptoms. Patients commonly experience a sharp, tearing pain localized to the pubic symphysis with or without an audible click or snap. Patients will often be unable to walk or have abnormal gait. Although less common, there may be associated injuries such as hemorrhage, hemodynamic instability, sacroiliac dislocation, sacral fracture, lumbosacral plexopathy, bladder injury, and death [7] . A pathognomonic feature of symphyseal rupture is the presence of severe pubic pain with compression of both greater trochanters towards the midline. The patient may also have an inability to flex the hip joint. Less commonly, the patient may have a palpable gap between the pelvic bones [8] .
PSD is generally a clinical diagnosis. In instances where a practitioner may be uncertain whether the patient is experiencing pubic symphyseal dysfunction versus actual rupture, the diagnosis may be supplemented by either radiograph or ultrasound [5] . Diastasis is considered severe if symphyseal separation is greater than 2.5 cm on imaging. Notably, the width of separation does not correlate with severity of symptoms [9] . If there is high suspicion for injury to vasculature, soft tissues, adjacent organs, or additional bony structures, then a computed tomography (CT) scan should be performed [7] . A pelvic x-ray was ordered for our patient to confirm PSD, however, a CT scan was not needed based on her clinical presentation.
Routine management of pubic symphysis diastasis is largely conservative. However, select patients may be considered for surgical management: patients with severe diastasis (>25 mm), failed conservative management, or pelvic instability (hemorrhage, open rupture, soft tissue damage). Despite a separation of 5.5 cm, a conservative approach was pursued after consulting with the orthopedic surgical team. If surgery was needed, the patient would have been a candidate for open reduction and internal fixation. In most cases, surgery is rarely required [10] .
Conservative management includes pain analgesia, bed rest, pelvic support with a binder, ambulation with a walker or crutches, and a gradual physical therapy regimen. A pelvic binder can be placed around the hips and tightened gradually to allow for reduction of the pubic symphysis separation. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents and opiates are the most common medications for pain analgesia. Physical therapy is a major component of timely recovery. A graded exercise regimen and proper evaluation by a physical therapist will help obtain pain-free ambulation. Walkers and crutches maybe helpful in these circumstances for assisted ambulation [5] . Involving the orthopedic surgeon and physical therapist was critical in our patient's quick recovery.
Most patients have resolution of their symptoms by 6 months but some may have persistent chronic pain for 12 months or beyond. Repeating a hip x-ray is appropriate 6 - 10 weeks after the injury to assess proper healing and approximation of the pubic bone. For symptomatic patients, continued physical therapy will benefit the patient for pain relief, muscle strengthening, and quicker return to activities of daily living. Patients should be encouraged to reduce non-essential weight bearing and to rest when possible.
Appropriate follow up with an obstetrician regarding pain management and counseling for future pregnancy is recommended. Prior history of pelvic fracture does not preclude trial of labor or vaginal delivery. Nonetheless, these patients have a higher incidence of subsequent cesarean delivery based on history [7] .
This case presents multiple learning points regarding management of severe pubic symphysis diastasis. Understanding the major risk factors and clinical manifestations of PSD can help ascertain a diagnosis. Precautions such as pain management, coordinated positioning and pushing, careful forceps delivery, and identifying cephalopelvic disproportion can mitigate these risks. This case involved a conservative approach to management of severe pubic symphysis diastasis and demonstrates the importance of prompt assessment of the patient's clinical condition to optimize her recovery. Another learning point includes the value of a multidisciplinary approach to the patient's management. We believe our case will benefit other clinical teams by placing confidence in non-surgical management, especially in scenarios of severe PSD.
Palvia, V., Kim, S., Warholic, H. and Anasti, J. (2017) Severe Pubic Symphysis Diastasis Managed Conservatively: A Case Report and Review. Case Reports in Clinical Medicine, 6, 120- 126. https://doi.org/10.4236/crcm.2017.64010
1. Becker, I., Woodley, S.J. and Stringer, M.D. (2010) The Adult Human Pubic Symphysis: A Systematic Review. Journal of Anatomy, 217, 475-487.
2. Schwartz, Z., Katz, Z. and Lancet, M. (1985) Management of Puerperal Separation of the Symphysis Pubis. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 23, 125-128.
3. Rustamova, S., Predanic, M., Sumersille, M. and Cohen, W.R. (2009) Changes in Symphysis Pubis Width during Labor. Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 37, 370-373.
https://doi.org/10.1515/JPM.2009.051
4. Shnaekel, K.L., Magann. E.F. and Ahmadi, S. (2015) Pubic Symphysis Rupture and Separation during Pregnancy. Obstetrical & Gynecological Surgery, 70, 713-718.
https://doi.org/10.1097/OGX.0000000000000247
5. Jain, N., Sternberg, L.B. (2005) Symphyseal Separation. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 201, 1229-1232.
https://doi.org/10.1097/01.AOG.0000149744.82912.ea
6. Valsky, D.V., Anteby, E.Y., Hiller, N., Amsalem, H., Yagel, S. and Hochner-Celnikier, D. (2006) Postpartum Pubic Separation Associated with Prolonged Urinary Retention Following Spontaneous Delivery. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 85, 1267-1269.
7. Amorosa, L.F., Amorosa, J.H., Wellman, D.S., Lorich, D.G. and Helfet, D.L. (2013) Management of Pelvic Injuries in Pregnancy. Orthopedic Clinics of North America, 44, 301-315.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocl.2013.03.005
8. Leadbetter, R.E., Mawer, D. and Lindow, S.W. (2006) The Development of a Scoring System for Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 26, 20-23.
9. Owens, K., Pearson, A. and Mason, G. (2002) Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction—A Cause of Significant Obstetric Morbidity. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 105, 143-146.
10. Osterhoff, G., Ossendorf, C., Ossendorf-Kimmichi, N., Zimmermann, R., Wanner, G.A., Simmen, H.P., et al. (2012) Surgical Stabilization of Postpartum Symphyseal Instability: Two Cases and a Review of the Literature. Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation, 73, 1-7.
https://doi.org/10.1159/000331055
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08 Jul 2016 by TSZ
Next England Manager – The Candidates
Following the recent departure of Roy Hodgson as the 17th England Manager, the search has begun for his successor. Are there enough English candidates or are we going to see another foreign manager of the national team? This article will be looking into the amount of English and foreign managers currently in the top four divisions of English football to find the reason behind there being a lack of quality English candidates. Following this we will take a closer look at some of the previous England managers before comparing the candidates for the vacant England manager's role.
English Managers in England
It is no secret that English football has seen a huge influx of foreign players into the game which has inevitably seen an increase in the amount of foreign managers as well. This graph below shows how many managers in each division are English.
We see that as you go down the leagues, the amount of English managers increases massively from just five in the Premier League down to 19 out of the 24 teams in League 2. It is also worth noting that the other five managers in League 2 consist of two Scottish, one Welsh, one Irish and one from Northern Ireland. From the five English managers in the Premier League, two are newly promoted teams Burnley and Hull City with the others being Crystal Palace (Alan Pardew), Bournemouth (Eddie Howe) and Sunderland (Sam Allardyce), who finished in the lowest spots possible without being relegated last season, 15th, 16th & 17th respectively. But, given the high standard of football on show in the Premier League, is having a lack of English managers in English football something that has to be sacrificed for quality? Apparently not. When comparing the amount of managers from the same country managing in the top flight across Europe we see some interesting results.
The Premier League is by far the worst with this at just 25% with the next lowest being the Bundesliga in Germany on 61% with 11 out of the 18 Managers being German. The other four leagues shown in this graph (France, Italy, Spain and Germany) all have well established international teams, with four out of the last five World Cups being won by each of these four nations (the other one being Brazil). It seems as though the Premier League might be missing a trick here, and instead of looking to bring in 'quality' should look closer to home which may in turn help the national team. You would assume the huge amount of foreign managers in English football would be because they are better, So we took a look at the average win percentage of the English and foreign managers in each division.
With the exception of the Championship, the foreign managers all have a better win ratio than the English managers meaning that Premier League clubs having the idea of improving their success through a foreign manager might be correct. However, as we saw in the graph before, this may well come at the sacrifice of the national team. But is this a concern of a league club? Do they have a duty to produce and use English players and managers for the sake of the national team which may in turn risk their own success?
There are 15 foreign managers in the Premier League, but only 11 of those have actually managed teams abroad. Is it important for our new England manager to have experience of coaching abroad as well as in England or is international team management experience more important?
If the new manager needs to have had International management experience, as well as experience in English football then this will narrow down the numbers to just four people in the Premier League (Antonio Conte, Claudio Ranieri, Slaven Bilic and Mark Hughes). It seems as though finding someone who can tick all the boxes might be a lot harder than it seems as there are a limited number of English managers in the Premier League and none of them have had experience either abroad or at International level. Where do you turn to next and who do they have to follow in the footsteps of?
Previous England Managers
To get a better look at what the new manager will be compared against, we looked at the previous England managers and how they got on during their time in charge. Being an international manager is a much different role to that of a club manager as there is very little room for error and dips in form. The tournament qualifications often consist of 10 games, compared to the Premier Leagues 38 so losing a couple of these games can have a much bigger impact than it would in a domestic league. They are also spread out over a longer period of time meaning that it can be hard to gain any rhythm in these stages. Then, once the tournament finals come around, it is often win or go home meaning the stakes increase drastically. It is for this reason we have looked at the win percentage of each of the previous managers (excluding caretaker managers).
Fabio Capello tops the list quite comfortably here, even beating World Cup winning manager Alf Ramsey. The only other foreign manager, Sven-Goran Eriksson, also appears in the top five with a win percentage of 59.7%. Roy Hodgson was only 8% behind top place with the recently departed manager winning 33 out of the 56 games he was in charge for, losing just eight. To break this down into the more important games, the next table shows the win percentage of each manager in both Euro and World Cup qualifying games.
Here we see Roy Hodgson and Walter Winterbottom joint top having never lost a qualifying game with Sven-Goran Eriksson and Fabio Capello only losing one. Bobby Robson also only lost one, however, he drew 10 out of a total of 28 games which is what brought down his win percentage massively. It seems that for these managers, getting to the Euro and World Cup tournament finals was not a problem, but as every England manager knows, it's carrying on this winning streak that is the problem and being able to handle the pressure of the big occasion. In the tournament finals games, Roy Hodgson and Walter Winterbottom drop from top to bottom.
There is a massive dip all round in the win percentages when looking at just tournament finals games with 10 out of the 11 being at 50% or less, with the only person going above that being World Cup winner Alf Ramsey who won eight out of the 12 Euro & World Cup tournament games he was in charge of England for. We did see Alf's problems in qualification games in the previous table though, with his win percentage in qualifiers being less than it was in a tournament finals situation.
If you take a look at the top five in each of the previous three tables to get an overall view there is one name that appears in all three, Sven-Goran Eriksson. Although he struggled in tournament finals, all but one of the previous managers has had the same problem, with Sven seeming to be the best of a bad bunch. It seems as though what we need is someone who is able to lead a team to victory in the pressure filled, must win games. Time to look at the potential candidates to see if any of those can provide the answer.
The Candidates
There are currently a lot of names being thrown around in relation to the England job but we have narrowed it down to the eight most likely candidates. There is a great mixture here of all the things we have previously talked about including experience managing in England, abroad and at international level, as well as both English and foreign managers with a varying range of years in the management business.
An experienced list, so to see how they have done in their time as managers we delve into the win percentages once again, looking at both their club and international management. With all the candidates having experience at club level, we see some huge differences in their success rates.
As mentioned earlier, Laurent Blanc has had great success in France, winning titles with both Bordeaux and PSG. The interesting thing about this table is that out of the eight candidates, four are English and all four are at the bottom with a sizeable gap between them and the foreign candidates. As we saw earlier with the stats on domestic football in England, foreign managers also had a bigger win ratio there. Club and international management is a different game though, so out of the six candidates who have had international experience, how do they compare?
Thankfully here we see a switch around with the top two being English. Not only are they both English, but both these win percentages have been achieved with the England team (Southgate at U21 and Hoddle with the Senior team). Laurent Blanc once again makes an appearance just behind Hoddle following his work with the French team.
It seems as though the England manager problem might not be something which can be solved in one move. English football as a whole needs to see an improvement on the amount of English managers being brought through, which will in turn eventually improve the performance of the national team. Our top English managers finished in the lowest places possible in the Premier League without being relegated last season whilst the other English candidates on this list are not currently involved in English domestic football. When looking at previous England managers, it seemed as though Sven-Goran Eriksson was the best of a bad bunch which once again failed at the final hurdle – tournament football. Glenn Hoddle appeared in the top five of each table we showed and with his dismissal from the job being about comments he made, rather than his performance, if the selection panel have their heart set on an Englishman, he has got to be one of the favourites. He is 3rd in the all-time win percentage standings of previous England managers, winning 60.7% of games including being 2nd best in the tournament win percentage department, winning 50% of the time. Gareth Southgate is close behind with his England U21's experience, having the best international management win percentage of all the candidates, winning 21, drawing 5 and losing 5 in his 31 games in charge. Having worked with a lot of the current and future England players, his knowledge of the current England setup is second to none. The best of the foreign candidates, despite having fewer years' experience than some of them, is Laurent Blanc, who has achieved a lot and seems to have success running through his veins. He has won two thirds of all club games he has managed (66.7%) and nearly 60% of the games he was in charge of with the French team. He has also had success at international level as a player winning both the European Championships and the World Cup.
It seems a very good list of candidates has been put together which comprises of a huge amount of experience at all levels and an argument can be made both for and against every one of them. One thing is for sure, whoever is picked is going to have the weight of a nation on their shoulders, and will need to prove to that they can get England to start to produce the goods when it really matters.
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Q: Maven dependency issue for upgrading Neo4j from 2.2.3 to 2.3.3 I have a spring boot application which has rest call to the neo4j. I am using following maven dependency -
<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-data-neo4j-rest</artifactId>
        <version>3.3.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-data-neo4j</artifactId>
        <version>3.3.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-rest</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-data-commons</artifactId>
        <version>1.10.2.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

With Neo4j 2.2.3, Rest App was working fine. After i upgraded Neo4j to 2.3.3, Rest App is not woking. I am getting dependency issue. Maven is not able to download Neo4j 2.3.3 jars, even though i tried with latest version of artifacts for spring-data-neo4j-rest (3.4.4.RELEASE) and spring-data-neo4j(4.0.0.RELEASE).
Please let me know which artifact version of spring-data-neo4j-rest and spring-data-neo4j to use for Neo4j 2.3.3.
Here is the errors which i am getting -
org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextException: Unable to start embedded container; nested exception is org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedServletContainerException: Unable to start embedded Tomcat
at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.onRefresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:133)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:474)
at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:118)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:686)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:320)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:957)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:946)
at com.tpgsi.marvin.graph.neo4j.SampleGraphApp.main(SampleGraphApp.java:37)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
at org.springframework.boot.maven.RunMojo$LaunchRunner.run(RunMojo.java:418)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.createEmbeddedServletContainer(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:157)
at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.onRefresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:130)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.data.neo4j.core.TypeRepresentationStrategy]: Factory method 'nodeTypeRepresentationStrategy' threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'typeRepresentationStrategyFactory' defined in class com.tpgsi.marvin.graph.neo4j.Neo4jAppConfiguration: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.data.neo4j.support.typerepresentation.TypeRepresentationStrategyFactory]: Factory method 'typeRepresentationStrategyFactory' threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.RuntimeException: Error reading as JSON ''
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:189)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:588)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'typeRepresentationStrategyFactory' defined in class com.tpgsi.marvin.graph.neo4j.Neo4jAppConfiguration: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.data.neo4j.support.typerepresentation.TypeRepresentationStrategyFactory]: Factory method 'typeRepresentationStrategyFactory' threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.RuntimeException: Error reading as JSON ''
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:599)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1119)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1014)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:504)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:476)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:303)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:299)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer$BeanMethodInterceptor.intercept(ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java:322)
at com.tpgsi.marvin.graph.neo4j.Neo4jAppConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$41e66ef0.typeRepresentationStrategyFactory(<generated>)
at org.springframework.data.neo4j.config.Neo4jConfiguration.nodeTypeRepresentationStrategy(Neo4jConfiguration.java:146)
at com.tpgsi.marvin.graph.neo4j.Neo4jAppConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$41e66ef0.CGLIB$nodeTypeRepresentationStrategy$8(<generated>)
at com.tpgsi.marvin.graph.neo4j.Neo4jAppConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$41e66ef0$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$f1f67914.invoke(<generated>)
at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invokeSuper(MethodProxy.java:228)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer$BeanMethodInterceptor.intercept(ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java:309)
at com.tpgsi.marvin.graph.neo4j.Neo4jAppConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$41e66ef0.nodeTypeRepresentationStrategy(<generated>)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Error reading as JSON ''
at org.neo4j.rest.graphdb.util.JsonHelper.readJson(JsonHelper.java:57)
at org.neo4j.rest.graphdb.util.JsonHelper.jsonToSingleValue(JsonHelper.java:62)
at org.neo4j.rest.graphdb.RequestResult.toEntity(RequestResult.java:104)
at org.neo4j.rest.graphdb.RequestResult.toMap(RequestResult.java:113)
at org.neo4j.rest.graphdb.query.CypherRestResult.<init>(CypherRestResult.java:36)
at org.neo4j.rest.graphdb.RestAPIImpl.query(RestAPIImpl.java:756)
at org.neo4j.rest.graphdb.RestAPIImpl.query(RestAPIImpl.java:796)
at org.neo4j.rest.graphdb.query.RestCypherQueryEngine.query(RestCypherQueryEngine.java:50)
at org.springframework.data.neo4j.rest.SpringRestCypherQueryEngine.query(SpringRestCypherQueryEngine.java:48)
at org.springframework.data.neo4j.support.ReferenceNodes.executeQuery(ReferenceNodes.java:75)
at org.springframework.data.neo4j.support.ReferenceNodes.getReferenceNode(ReferenceNodes.java:79)
at org.springframework.data.neo4j.support.typerepresentation.SubReferenceNodeTypeRepresentationStrategy.isStrategyAlreadyInUse(SubReferenceNodeTypeRepresentationStrategy.java:95)
at org.springframework.data.neo4j.support.typerepresentation.TypeRepresentationStrategyFactory.chooseStrategy(TypeRepresentationStrategyFactory.java:52)
at org.springframework.data.neo4j.support.typerepresentation.TypeRepresentationStrategyFactory.<init>(TypeRepresentationStrategyFactory.java:35)
at org.springframework.data.neo4j.config.Neo4jConfiguration.typeRepresentationStrategyFactory(Neo4jConfiguration.java:151)
at com.tpgsi.marvin.graph.neo4j.Neo4jAppConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$41e66ef0.CGLIB$typeRepresentationStrategyFactory$2(<generated>)
at com.tpgsi.marvin.graph.neo4j.Neo4jAppConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$41e66ef0$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$f1f67914.invoke(<generated>)
at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invokeSuper(MethodProxy.java:228)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer$BeanMethodInterceptor.intercept(ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java:309)
at com.tpgsi.marvin.graph.neo4j.Neo4jAppConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$41e66ef0.typeRepresentationStrategyFactory(<generated>)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
Caused by: java.io.EOFException: No content to map to Object due to end of input
at org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper._initForReading(ObjectMapper.java:2775)
at org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper._readMapAndClose(ObjectMapper.java:2718)
at org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper.readValue(ObjectMapper.java:1863)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


VAYU. [Source: Dowson's Classical Dictionary of Hindu Mythology] 'Air, wind.' The god of the wind, Eolus. In the Vedas he is often associated with Indra, and rides in the same car with him, Indra being the charioteer. The chariot has a framework of gold which touches the sky, and is drawn by a thousand horses. There are not many hymns addressed to him. According to the Nirukta there are three gods specially connected with each other. "Agni, whose place is on earth; Vayu or Indra, whose place is in the air; and Surya, whose place is in the heaven." In the hymn Purushasukta Vayu is said to have sprung form the breath of Purusha, and in another hymn he is called the son-in-law of Twashtri. He is regent of the north-west quarter, where he dwells.
According to the Vishnu Purana he is king of the Gandharvas. The Bhagavata Purana relates that the sage Narada incited the wind to break down the summit of Mount Meru. He raised a terrible storm which lasted for a year, but Vishnu's bird, Garuda, shielded the mountain with is wings, and all the blasts of the wind-god were in vain. Narada then told him to attack the mountain in Garuda's absence. He did so, and breaking off the summit of the mountain, he hurled it into the sea, where it became the island of Lanka (Ceylon).
Vayu is the reputed father of Bhima and of Hanuman, and he is said to have made the hundred daughters of King Kusanabha crooked because they would not comply with his licentious desires, and this gave the name Kanyakubja, 'hump-backed damsel,' to their city.
Other names of Vayu (wind) are Anila, Marut, Pavana Vata, Gandhavaha, 'bearer of perfumes;' Jalakantara, 'whose garden is water;' Sadagata, Satataga, 'ever-moving,' etc.
ANILAS. [Source: Dowson's Classical Dictionary of Hindu Mythology] A gana or class of deities, forty-nine in number, connected with Anila, the wind.


The Mendip Hills are one of England's most attractive landscapes. The distinctive limestone ridge rises from the flat Somerset Levels and Chew Valley just south of Bristol. The windswept plateau is punctuated by spectacular dry valleys and gorges, ancient sink holes and impressive rocky outcrops.
On the hilltops there are hundreds of ancient monuments yielding evocative tales of ancient peoples, while on the steeper slopes flower rich grasslands and wooded combes offer a variety of habitats for a wide diversity of wildlife. The hill tops also provide spectacular far reaching views across to Wales, the Quantocks and Glastonbury Tor. Hidden beneath the hills are the famous Mendip caves - Cheddar and Wookey cave attractions but there are many less accessible caves, together with on going cave exploration making this a popular area for caving. The area also offers sailing and fishing on the reservoirs, cycling, horse riding, walking and host of other activities that are referred to in this Guide.
I have lived in Cheddar for over 40 years and walk every day in the Mendip Hills with my dogs. Charterhouse is a particularly special place to me– remnants of the Roman and Victorian lead mining – 'gruffy' ground, lead slag and lead flues now provide an important wildlife habitat. The tranquillity in the early morning and the opportunity to spot a variety of birds, adders and other wildlife here in the heart of the AONB is second to none.
The Mendip Hills AONB Partnership works to conserve and enhance this special landscape, and we have produced a visitor guide on what to see and do in the area.
The Mendip Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, just south of Bristol, is a magnificent, varied landscape, a dramatic scene of open wild plateau and undulating hills interrupted by deep gorges, prehistoric hilltop settlements, serene lakes and dense woodland. Beyond the well-known attractions of Cheddar Gorge and Wookey Hole the area remains relatively unaffected by high tourist numbers, making it a haven for walkers, cyclists and lovers of the great outdoors. With everything from eco-minded B&Bs and farm shops selling fresh, local produce to activity centers and Archeology festivals, the Mendip Hills has something to offer everyone.
Paul Bloomfield test-tramps a new series of wildlife walks in the Mendip Hills that are designed to showcase the natural treasures of this easily accessible area, ranging from just a couple of miles to more testing leg-stretchers.
As part of our celebration of the most beautiful protected areas in the UK, we have produced a video promoting the Mendip Hills in Somerset, highlighting the stunning scenery, as well as fantastic places to stay, eat and things to see and do in this glorious part of England.


"Joy spellbound the audience at Bar LunÁtico, fronting a stellar New York City brass ensemble. They played the entire record ~ an ambitious undertaking which was rendered impeccably. The title track is simply unstoppable. We made them play it twice."


Anonymous Ads uses amount of globally unique impressions as a major metric to determine publisher's share of advertising budgets.
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Arts workers have lifted the veil on the secrecy surrounding sexual harassment in the arts, revealing the extent and impact of the issue in hundreds of comments through a survey by Arts Professional. AP's Liz Hill reports.
a-n blogger Fiona Masterton is this month's featured member on the a-n Instagram. The London-based artist talks to Richard Taylor about responding to place, and how this stretches her gaze both compositionally and geographically.
The London-based, Jerusalem-born artist has been announced as the winner of the tenth Film London Jarman Award for artists working in film.
The Berlin and Beirut-based artist, who until recently was partly based in London, is one of six artists shortlisted for this year's Film London Jarman Award. Fisun Güner talks to him about the importance of sound, politics, and why he doesn't consider himself an activist.
A group of artists in Bristol has coordinated a united front in the face of an Arts Council England visual arts review in which they feel they weren't offered an equal seat at the table. They outline their intervention in a recent public consultation event while proposing a new approach for the city's art ecology.
The London-based artist will receive a £10,000 bursary from disability-led arts organisation Shape Arts and undertake a three month residency at Pallant House Gallery and the University of Chichester in 2018.
The recent 'What Should White Culture Do? Art, Politics, Race' brought academics and artists together for a day-long symposium at the Royal College of Art. Sonya Dyer contends that, judging by the approach of some of those talking at the event, the answer to the question is, 'Much more than this'.
Five visual artists have received 'no-strings-attached' individual awards of £60,000 each in the annual Paul Hamlyn Foundation Awards for Artists.
The artist Helen Cammock's exhibition 'Shouting in Whispers' at Cubitt Gallery, includes an hour-long film of the same title that features historical footage of protest and explores the idea of multiple histories. Fisun Güner talks to her about photography, the importance of words in her work, and discovering the writing of James Baldwin.
In the exhibitions 'Queer Art(ists) Now' and 'Notes on Queerness', the idea of queer art is presented in an artist-led context, with work ranging from painting to film. Alistair Gentry speaks to some of those featured and explores what the amorphous, contested term 'queer' might mean for artists in the UK.


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Drama (1) Romance (2) Western (17)
FN (5) FN+ (5) FN/VF (5) VF- (2) VF (3)
1931 - 1940 1941 - 1950
$1 - $100 (15) $101 - $1000 (5)
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Whirlpool (Columbia, 1934). Lobby Card Set of 8 (11" X 14"). Columbia's 1934 drama stars Jack Holt as a shifty carnival prom...
Auction 633 | Lot: 28023 | Mar 17, 2006
Mr. Lucky (RKO, 1943)....
Best of the Badmen (RKO, 1951). Italian 2 - Foglio (39.5" X 55"). Western.
Auction 161540 | Lot: 51044 | Oct 4, 2015
Best of the Badmen (RKO, 1950). Italian 2 - Foglio (38" X 54"). Western.
Auction 161427 | Lot: 54036 | Jul 6, 2014
Best of the Badmen (RKO, 1950). One Sheet (27" X 41"). Western.
Best of the Badmen & Other Lot (RKO, 1950). Fine/Very Fine. Lobby Card Set of 8 & Lobby Cards (7) (11" X 14"). Western.
Best of the Badmen (RKO, 1950). Very Fine-. Lobby Card Set of 8 (11" X 14"). Western.
Best of the Badmen (RKO, 1950). Lobby Card Set of 8 (11" X 14"). Western.
Auction 161805 | Lot: 51052 | Feb 4, 2018
Best of the Badmen & Others Lot (RKO, 1951). Italian Locandinas (3) (13" X 27.5"). Western.
Best of the Badmen (RKO, 1950). One Sheet (27" X 41"). Western. Starring Robert Ryan, Claire Trevor, Jack Buetel, Robert Pre...
Auction 57021 | Lot: 26066 | Feb 4, 2007
Auction 161145 | Lot: 50040 | Nov 6, 2011
Best of the Badmen and Others Lot (RKO, 1950). Lobby Cards (4) (11" X 14"). Western.
Best of the Badmen (RKO, 1951). Insert (14" X 36"). Western. Starring Robert Ryan, Claire Trevor, Jack Buetel and Robert Pre...
Auction 57053 | Lot: 25024 | May 20, 2007