Our acute medical unit (AMU) is a 54 bedded unit with its own discharge lounge, linked with the fastest-growing project at University Hospital Southampton: the ambulatory emergency care unit. Our staff work across both areas to admit patients from the emergency department, GP practices and other local clinics.
We have a number of different areas within our AMU, from a seven bedded high observation area caring for the most unwell patients, to dedicated male and female areas each with five private side rooms. Ambulatory emergency care is a nurse-led clinic supported by our medical team and is a combined area caring for deep vein thrombosis and cellulitis patients, as well as patients referred from other clinics.
Our staff are offered opportunities to develop both clinically and professionally within a supportive environment, providing the chance to develop skills in specific areas such as acute care skills, physical examination and history taking, mentorship, venesection, cannulation, immediate life support and catheterisation.
Audiology is an attractive option for anyone looking to work in a scientific profession but have direct contact with patients whose care and management they are responsible for. There are opportunities to train as an undergraduate or to use the knowledge gained from a scientific degree and train as a postgraduate.
paediatric assessment and rehabilitation (assessing children's hearing from newborn stage up to teenagers, with fitting and management of hearing aids as appropriate).
There are also opportunities to work within hearing therapy or auditory implants, such as cochlear implants.
It's possible to train as an audiologist through the PTP undergraduate degree, which will usually initially lead to a band 5 job working predominantly with adults, or through the postgraduate STP programme which leads to registration as a band 7 and working in all areas of audiology.
The Southampton Oncology Centre is based at Southampton General Hospital, providing medical oncology, IP clinical oncology and malignant haemotology. Radiotherapy services are provided at a new centre onsite.
The centre serves a population of 1.75 million people across Hampshire, Wiltshire, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Wight. It offers a regional and supra-regional service throughout its combined and peripheral clinics. Providing a broad based non-surgical oncology service, and treating patients with all types of cancer, it provides expert specialist care to cure patients whenever possible, enhancing quality of life.
Specialist palliative care is provided by Countess Mountbatten House, based at Moorgreen Hospital, West End, Southampton. The House also provides accommodation for those patients who live too far to travel to the Southampton Oncology Centre for radiotherapy.
Our cardiovascular and thoracic care group is a regional centre providing specialist care and treatment for people requiring cardiac surgery, cardiology management and intervention, thoracic surgery, vascular surgery and adult congenital heart disease management on both the elective and emergency pathway. This makes managing the client population consistently interesting and challenging.
We have a national and international reputation for the delivery of expert care as one of the largest and most successful cardiac units in the UK. Clinical expertise is at the forefront of making sure all patients have the best evidence-based care.
All staff are committed to ensuring that the patients and their carers receive a high quality experience during their hospital pathway. Treating patients as individuals, with the privacy and dignity that they expect, ensures that we continue to uphold the reputation we have for delivering quality care.
We have three adult intensive care wards in Southampton General Hospital. Our general, neurological and cardiac intensive care units (ICUs) are involved in the treatment of patients who are seriously ill.
Our 25-bed general ICU (GICU) admits around 1800 to 2000 people per year, delivering excellent results. Patients have one-to-one or one-to-two care from a nurse, and the unit prides itself on its highly trained multidisciplinary team. Physiotherapists, dietitians, consultants, nurses and administrative staff all work together to deliver the highest possible level of care to patients. The latest national data shows that survival rates for patients treated in our GICU are among the highest in the country, and we pride ourselves on the calibre and dedication of all the staff that help us to achieve this.
The unit is monitored by ICNARC (the Intensive Care National Audit and Research Committee) an organisation that keeps a record of every patient passing through intensive care and what happens to them.
Our cardiac unit is one of only a handful of dedicated cardiac ICUs in the country, and has excellent patient outcomes for all types of cardiac surgery. It's a purpose built 15-bed unit and has been specially designed with intensive care patients in mind. As a centre of excellence, we treat patients from the Wessex region and beyond, averaging 1400 patients per year.
Our neurosciences intensive care unit (NICU) provides specialised intensive care for patients who have a severe illness or injury affecting their brain, spinal cord or peripheral nerves. While admitted, our patients receive care from a consultant intensivist on a day-to-day basis, which is overseen by a consultant neurologist or neurosurgeon.
Providing high-quality care to around 95,000 patients a year, this fast-paced department offers the chance to rapidly develop your skills as you take on a hugely rewarding role. As part of a major trauma centre and large teaching hospital, every member of the team has a responsibility to safeguard and protect both adults and children.
The delivery of a brand new, purpose-built children's emergency department is part of a development within our bespoke children's hospital: a groundbreaking ambition that will have a monumental impact nationwide. The new department will bring the hospital firmly into the future, with innovative space and equipment allowing our staff to provide levels of care above and beyond what is currently possible.
We have a reputation for innovation and are committed to both developing our staff and welcoming their fresh ideas. We offer learning opportunities to support professional development, with a strong leadership network of matrons, consultant nurses and advanced practitioners who are there to guide and support you.
Our gastrointestinal medicine services care for a wide variety of patients with a variety of illnesses. We have links with the newly refurbished endoscopy unit, and multidisciplinary teams provide round-the-clock care, working collectively in the patients' best interests. Our teams are offered a range of education programmes – Trust-wide, local to the area or provided by our partners at the University of Southampton.
Work in gastrointestinal medicine is fast-paced, and we ensure that we are always looking at improving the facilities and services offered to patients, which means that exciting initiatives are always on the horizon.
With approximately 5900 births annually, the maternity service at UHS is a fantastic place to gain experience. It's a large tertiary provider of the most complex maternity services, including high risk maternal and fetal medicine and the delivery of infants who are extremely premature or have complex medical and surgical needs from birth.
Maternity services at UHS span both the acute hospital and the community setting including the New Forest Birth Centre in Ashurst. Care is delivered across the continuum of antenatal, intrapartum and postnatal periods. 75% of care is delivered within a community setting, GP surgery, children's centre or home environment, with approximately 56,000 antenatal contacts. Our birth rate at 24.2% remains well below the England rate of 27.1% for 2015-16. Our normal birth rate was 60.3% in 2016 which is higher than the national average. One of the key factors in any service's caesarean rate is the degree of successful outcome of those women who are supported to have a vaginal birth following a previous caesarean birth. In 2016 our rate of successful VBAC was 69.3%, and will have significantly contributed to the overall low caesarean rate.
Together with Hampshire, Isle of Wight and Portsmouth (SHIP), the Trust is proud to have been selected as one of the seven 'National Maternity Choice and Personalisation Pioneer Sites' as a result of the national maternity 'Better Births' initiatives. This means that as a network we work collaboratively and have an established maternity network with a multi-professional maternity academy to deliver multi-professional training together.
Medicine for older people is a multifaceted care group comprised of six wards, with three different settings. We have four acute wards, managing the care of a variety of patients over the age of 80. We have a transition ward, managing patients who are fit for discharge but would benefit from additional therapy or functional support while they wait for their discharge. We also have an enhanced care dementia unit, supporting patients with dementia that requires higher level nursing support.
Multi-professional teams work closely to provide around-the-clock care with our services driven by cutting-edge research. Our staff manage complex patients and their families, working with members of the extended older person's mental health and enhanced care teams, as well as linking with our partners in the community.
As one of the UK's largest and busiest neuroscience units, the Wessex Neurological Centre provides an integrated 24 hour acute neurosurgical assessment, investigation and treatment service to a population of more than three million people. In addition to outpatient care, our team treats around 4,000 inpatients each year.
The centre also houses a large state-of-the-art intensive care unit. For ambitious clinical physiologists specialising in neurophysiology, this offers a hugely diverse and challenging working environment. There are opportunities to gain experience in a wide range of procedures within this busy centre including electroencephalography (EEG), evoked potentials (EPs) and nerve conduction studies (NCS), building a solid foundation for future career progression into more specialist techniques such as intra-operative monitoring (IOM) and video-telemetry (VT).
We have two areas dedicated to treating and aiding recovery from strokes: our hyper acute stroke unit and stroke rehab ward. Our stroke outcomes are among the best in the country, and with plans to expand the hyper acute stroke unit over the next few months, we hope to soon become a regional centre for mechanical thrombectomy.
Southampton Eye Unit is a tertiary referral centre receiving patients from across the south, the Channel Islands and further afield for specialist eye treatment. Our unit is one of a small number of units nationally that has been commissioned by NHS England to deliver innovative treatment such as corneal collagen cross-linking. We have recently appointed an orbital specialist and are developing our ocular-plastics services further. Our new cataract pathway is in line with our patient improvement framework and Trust values.
Per year, we see on average 24,000 eye casualty attendances with 6000 admissions to our day case and inpatient ward. Currently we have around 90,000 outpatient attendances, however, with our innovative mobile retinal unit, this number is set to increase when we take our service to our patients in the community. We will be providing high level treatment to patients closer to their homes, working hard to provide a 'hospital without walls' approach to some of our most vulnerable patients.
Southampton Children's Hospital is one of the UK's biggest children's hospitals and caters for the widest range of paediatric specialties in the country. We can offer you a diverse range of clinical experience within one hospital.
The children's hospital has 150 beds across eleven specialty wards including general medicine, paediatric intensive care, high dependency, neonatal intensive care, neurology and neurosurgery, general surgery, cardiac surgery, orthopaedic surgery, nephrology, urology, paediatric oncology and day ward. The hospital also has a paediatric assessment unit and an outpatient department, which provide paediatric services in allergy, endocrinology, immunology and rheumatology. Clinical practice is also supported by our outreach team, who help staff in the care of complex and acutely unwell children. We also have one of the most extensive teams of specialist nurses in the UK, offering direct clinical support and formal education to ward nurses.
At Southampton Children's Hospital, we are currently entering an exciting stage of our development. Our vision is to build a dedicated state-of-the-art children's hospital, which will bring all of our paediatric services under one roof for the first time. The Trust has a proud history of delivering world class healthcare for children in the region, and the new £70 million building will make the highest quality hospital environment available to our young people, from babies to teenagers. It will also enable our staff to have state of the art facilities in which to work and carry out their care.
We have one of the largest radiology services in the country, providing a wide range of diagnostic imaging and interventional radiology services, within 16 departments and specialist sub-departments. Our equipment management service ensures we use the latest technology available.
As both a major trauma centre and a tertiary treatment centre for a range of specialist pathways, we deliver specialist services to the Trust and region, including: neuro-radiology, paediatrics, cardiothoracic, cardiology, oncology, vascular, musculoskeletal and trauma – as well as the standard surgical and medical pathways of a general hospital. Our specialist interventional departments provide cutting-edge services in hepatobilary, vascular, neuro and cardiac image-guided surgery and therapy, including a brand new state-of-the-art hybrid lab with robotic imaging.
As a radiologist, you can specialise in any of these areas and as a radiographer, your career pathway can take you through any of these departments to specialise in a specific modality or pathway. This can lead you towards advanced practice in ultrasound, radiography reporting and specialist clinical practice, as well as service management and beyond.
This thriving department has two wards, an HDU and a respiratory centre. We offer a comprehensive respiratory education programme, which runs three times a year, to ensure our teams have high levels of knowledge and the skills required to provide excellent specialist care.
We work closely with the multidisciplinary team, which includes nurses, therapists, doctors, discharge officers and nurse specialists, utilising a collaborative approach to work, which results in innovative problem-solving and proactive steps made in the journey of our patients.
Opportunities to get involved with respiratory research are available, alongside clinical duties, and ideas for projects and developments are always welcomed throughout all of our departments.
C5 is a 14-bed isolation area, of which all rooms are en-suites and under negative pressure to enable effective isolation of patients with infectious diseases. Our main patient groups on IDU are patients with TB, HIV and cystic fibrosis. We also care for patients with infectious diseases such as avian flu, tropical diseases such as malaria or dengue fever, and hospital acquired infections such as MRSA.
The Southampton adult cystic fibrosis service is a regional specialist centre, providing care for approximately 180 full care patients across the central south coast, from the age of 16 and upwards. These patients are cared for by a large multidisciplinary team, all with different specialist areas of expertise, including physiotherapy and dietetics.
Situated at the Royal South Hants, our dermatology department is an acute centre, dealing with high volumes of referrals alongside clinics in the south central area.
Our endoscopy department serves both inpatients and outpatients, with various procedures being undertaken for the diagnosis and treatment of various gastric conditions, including the treatment of bleeding ulcers or taking samples of tissue for biopsies.
There is also a recovery area where patients who are sedated for their procedures are monitored.
Rheumatology is a rapidly evolving medical specialty, with advancements owing largely to new scientific discoveries relating to immunology of rheumatic diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, vasculitis and inheritable connective tissue disorders.
Our rheumatology department works collaboratively with the team at Victoria House and a range of professionals across the Trust, including physiotherapists, occupational therapists and researchers.
The infusion unit delivers treatment to patients with long term medical conditions. Patients attending the unit are given complex pharmacological treatment, including biologic and cytotoxic therapy.
Specialties covered are: gastroenterology, rheumatology, hepatology, immunology, respiratory, dermatology and neurology. The unit also administers blood transfusions and iron infusions, as well as immunoglobins and replacement infusions of saline, magnesium and albumin.
This integrated department is comprised of dietitians, speech and language therapists, nutrition nurse specialists, assistants and administrative staff.
Our speech and language therapy team works in the acute hospital setting, while our dietetic team works across both acute and community services.
We operate across a range of clinical specialties, providing both inpatient and outpatient care, taking a proactive and imaginative approach to delivering a patient and family-centred service.
We care for over 20,000 emergency and elective inpatients each year, as well as over 60,000 outpatients. We're a specialist centre for services such as urology, hepatobiliary and head and neck surgery.
Our theatres department comprises 27 centre block and neurosciences theatres in five locations, providing a range of services from cardiac (four theatres) to paediatrics (seven theatres), and all specialties in-between.
Our major trauma theatres and elective orthopaedic theatres are innovative and groundbreaking within the trauma orthopaedic field, and our neurosciences team are at the forefront of their specialty with surgeons who are recognised by fellow professionals as leaders in their field.
Our paediatric service cares for children in all specialties including cardiac, neurosciences, spinal corrective surgery, oncology and paediatric orthopaedics. Our adult services include upper GI and colorectal services, where we have begun a programme of intra operative radiotherapy (IOERT), new to the colorectal service. Our laparoscopic theatres have been newly refurbished and have state of the art facilities.
We also supply anaesthetic services across the Trust and to many satellite areas including radiotherapy and interventional radiology.
We have a combined therapy workforce of over 240 whole time equivalent staff, or approximately 280 people. We employ occupational therapists, physiotherapists and therapy support staff to provide a seven day service working 365 days a year.
We've been a combined department since 2007, which means that all of our therapists work closely together within their clinical area, sharing information and delivering therapy as a combined team to benefit our patients.
Our therapists are grouped into specialist clinical teams and offer a range of specialist assessments and interventions on the wards, in some clinics and therapy outpatients and in our local hospice. We have services available to all age groups and specialties.
Our occupational therapists work with adults and children of all ages who suffer from a wide range of clinical conditions, most commonly those who have difficulties due to a mental illness or physical or learning disabilities. They provide practical support to facilitate recovery and overcome any barriers preventing them from doing the activities (occupations) that matter to them.
Physiotherapists working in our Trust help people affected by injury, illness or disability through movement and exercise, manual therapy, education and advice. They maintain health for people of all ages, helping patients to manage pain and prevent disease. A physiotherapist helps to encourage development and facilitate recovery, enabling people to stay in work while helping them to remain independent for as long as possible.
Trauma and orthopaedics have just completed the first phase of a refurbishment to create a dedicated orthopaedic major trauma ward here at UHS, allowing us to improve the work we do as a major trauma centre and provide our patients with the best possible care.
The care group serves a diverse range of patient groups, from treating the acutely unwell to expert falls management and dementia care, supporting its staff to deliver effective high standard care at all levels. Dedicated staff work cohesively and always in the best interest of our patients. Mortality rates and length of stay continue to reduce, which is a testament to staff expertise and an expression of our drive to be always improving.
Women's services, based at the Princess Anne Hospital, include both breast and gynaecology services, also encompassing a wide range of sub-specialties such as oncology, early pregnancy, and urogynaecology, as well as a number of cancer screening services. We take pride in delivering a high standard of nursing care and working as part of a close multidisciplinary team. There are many opportunities within the unit to expand your knowledge and skills through a rich breadth of experience.
We have an expert team of subspecialists in breast cancer and gynaecological oncology who see local women, as well as providing a regional service to women with more complex needs. These services are usually accessed through a rapid access diagnostic clinic, with the service users supported by a multidisciplinary team, including a team of specialist nurses, over the course of their treatment.


Can someone tell me the torques specs for the clutch case cover bolts and the springs?
10Nm, 7.2 ft-lbs or 86in-lbs for both.
Thank you all. Are tusk clutch plates worth buying.
I didn't know since they was cheaper than the ebc ones. I'm a fan of there stuff so far. 12,000 miles and fried the stock ones.


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text:
Vaccination Against Influenza - Facts You Should Know
On January 13th 2011 newspapers carried headlines telling readers that the death toll from flu had more than doubled and had risen to 112. There were calls for compulsory vaccination against swine flu. In fact, these figures show that less people than usual were dying from flu for the time of the year. On the following day doctors and journalists described the incidence of flu as `a pandemic' and called for all children to be vaccinated immediately (despite the fact that it was mainly elderly people who were dying). Scaremongering, vaccine-promoting supporters of the planned vaccination programme pointed out that the vaccine cost only £6 per person.
Up until a year or two ago the World Health Organisation used to describe a pandemic as a disease which (among other things) killed large numbers of people.
This definition was changed in 2009 so that a disease which spread across national borders (but didn't necessarily kill many people) could be described as a pandemic.
Shortly after the definition was changed swine flu was officially declared a serious level 6 pandemic. And countries all over the world had little choice but to start buying up huge stocks of H1N1 flu vaccine. The financial cost was enormous. And the profits for the drug companies flogging the vaccines were enormous too.
When the swine flu vaccine was first introduced it was said that it would prevent the disease. Then it was announced that it would shorten the duration of the disease. It was said that 159 deaths had occurred in Mexico as a result of the flu but this was later corrected to just seven deaths. Independent doctors warned that for children the side effects of the drug far outweighed the benefits and that one in twenty children was suffering from nausea or vomiting (severe enough to bring on dehydration) and also nightmares. The disease was being diagnosed on the NHS telephone line (provided as an alternative to a disappearing GP service) by telephone operators who were, presumably, happy their diagnostic skills enabled them to differentiate between flu and early signs of other, more deadly disorders such as meningitis. (Making diagnoses on the telephone is a dangerous business even for a doctor.)
Senior politicians in Europe subsequently called H1N1 a faked pandemic and accused pharmaceutical companies (and their lackeys) of encouraging a false scare. Limited health resources had been wasted buying millions of doses of vaccine. And millions of healthy people had been needlessly exposed to the unknown side effects of vaccines that in my view had been insufficiently tested.
As always, vaccinations were given with greatest enthusiasm to children and the elderly - the most immunologically vulnerable and the easiest to damage with vaccines.
We don't develop immunity to influenza and the common cold because the viruses that cause these diseases are constantly mutating and changing. And for the same reason the anti-flu vaccine will be useless within months, weeks or days. For the drug companies this is great news because it means they can insist that everyone who is vaccinated needs re-vaccinating regularly.
The strains of influenza virus used are the available strains which the drug company and the authorities guess might be the ones which will hit in the current year. The chances are, of course, that the strains of flu which will spread will be quite different.
Because the flu virus is constantly changing, scientists have to try to predict which strains are likely to produce an epidemic a year ahead. This is a bit like forecasting the weather a year ahead. Actually, it's not a bit like that. It's exactly like that.
Moreover, for the sake of economic convenience, drug companies, politicians and doctors often talk about `this year's flu vaccine' as though the flu virus mutates just once a year. This, of course, is nonsense. Viruses don't take any notice of the calendar. They change as much as they like and as often as they can. The idea of giving anti-flu jabs on an annual basis is arbitrary and entirely unscientific. Once the drug companies have got hooked on an annual financial bonanza they will suggest that vaccines be given biannually. And doctors, who also make huge sums out of giving flu vaccinations, will be equally enthusiastic.
The vaccination programme is all about money.
I wonder how many people who have the flu jab know just what they are allowing their doctor (or, more likely, a nurse) to dump in their arm? How many know that a pretty standard influenza vaccine contains: different strains of influenza viruses propagated in chicken embryos; formaldehyde (used as a preservative); polyethylene glycol (used to stimulate the immune system); gelatin (made from cows bones) and thimerosal (which contains mercury).
In 2011, studies suggested that innate immunity is vital to flu resistance and that alveolar macrophages help to clear the flu virus out from the lungs. University of Texas researchers announced that enhancing this natural action would increase the body's resistance to flu infection. The obvious thing to do, therefore, is to encourage people to improve their natural immunity by avoiding things which are bad for the immune system and by eating foods which help the immune system. In contrast, the whole principle of vaccination is to encourage fake immunity. But does multiple vaccination increase or lower the body's general immunity? Personally, I believe vaccination could well lower real immunity. I don't think I'm the only doctor who worries about this. When I was in practice as a GP I don't think I ever met a doctor who had an anti-flu vaccination himself (or gave one to members of his family). To be honest, I would be most unwilling to trust the judgement of such a doctor if I ever found one.
The big question which no one answers (and hardly anyone asks) is: could the widespread use of flu vaccine be spreading flu, encouraging the developing of more potent viruses and, therefore, be responsible for the fact that a surprising number of relatively young, and healthy, individuals are now dying from the disease? I don't know. And I don't believe anyone else does, either. What I do know is that flu jabs don't have any useful effect on preventing hospitalisation, death or time off work.
Copyright Vernon Coleman 2011
Taken from Vernon Coleman's book Anyone Who Tells You Vaccines Are Safe And Effective Is Lying. Here's The Proof. For details of how to purchase a copy of the book see the shop on this website.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Stoke by Nayland
open pub
also traded as Victoria Inn
5 closed premises
also traded as White Horse (Polstead)
Crosse Keyes
Population (2011) of Stoke by Nayland: 682.
population graph
Local authority for Stoke by Nayland is Babergh
Set in the heart of Constable Country, this village is notable for its many fine buildings, including the 16th century timbered Guildhall and Maltings (now houses). The village was recorded in Domesday as "Stokes" and appears on John Speed's 1610 map as "Smalebridge Stoke". The 1856 OS map shows it as "Stoke Beauchamp".
The west tower of the church can be seen for miles around and houses one of John Constable's paintings. Four protestant martyrs from the village were burnt in Bury in 1558.
Tendring Hall was owned by the Howard family (Dukes of Norfolk) until it was confiscated by Elizabeth I, who also executed Thomas Howard for trying to clandestinely marry Mary, Queen of Scots whilst she was in captivity. The hall was rebuilt in the 18th century and finally used as a POW camp in WW2 before it was demolished.
The Hare & Hounds and Plough in Leavenheath were in Stoke by Nayland until boundary changes in 1863, so may appear here in older documents…
The 1844 White's Directory also lists John Bouttell [Leavenheath?] and John Crooks (shopkeeper) as beer house keepers.
The 1855 White's Directory also lists Daniel Hardy (thatcher) and John Crooks (shopkeeper) as beer house keepers.
The 1865 Kelly's Directory also lists John Deaves and Charles Gordon as beer retailers.
The 1874 White's Directory also lists John Deaves as a beer house keeper.
A report in the Bury & Norfolk Post & Suffolk Herald** on 13 Jan in 1885 references the licensed premises of Alfred BARTON, Beer house keeper, Stoke by Nayland.
The 1891-92 White's Directory also lists …


text:
NASCAR Illustrated (formerly Winston Cup Illustrated) was a monthly magazine about NASCAR stock car racing. Established in 1982, it was closed by publisher American City Business Journals in mid-2016.

History
NASCAR Illustrated began publication in 1982. It was described as a "niche magazine".

In 2010, NASCAR Scene was shuttered and merged into Illustrated.

ACBJ notified employees of the magazine's stoppage of circulation via email in June 2016.

Staff
Liz Allison
Kelly Crandall
Cindy Elliott
Jim Fluharty
Claire B. Lang
Steve Waid
Ben White

References

Magazines established in 1982
Magazines disestablished in 2016
Defunct magazines published in the United States
Magazines published in North Carolina
Mass media in Charlotte, North Carolina
NASCAR magazines
Sports magazines published in the United States
Monthly magazines published in the United States

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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The story that you're about to read is not based on a true story but still it gives value in life that you should manifest in your daily lives.
least you will have made the world a better place – And, after all, isn't that what life is all about?
The most valuable experiences are often the most difficult experiences. The biggest challenges bring out the best in you, and compel you to make your best even better.
Difficult situations are not much fun. Yet by working your way through them, you create great strength and value.
Even when your hard work is not fully appreciated or immediately rewarded, it still brings important value to your life. The experience of dealing with challenge can produce a lifetime of beneficial dividends.
When you know you have done it in the past, you also know you can do it again. That is the essence of true confidence.
The difficult experiences give you the opportunity to practice persistence. And persistence is a quality that is always in demand.
Though your efforts may not pay off immediately, they will pay off. Persist, and know that you are growing stronger and stronger.
I think, I can now find time to share my thoughts! You will hear a lot from me from now on and what some of the things that are happening to me.
I have been busy and neglectedmy blog a lot and honestly it really hurts me.


Bank of Baroda (BoB) is an Indian state-owned banking and financial services company headquartered in Vadodara (earlier known as Baroda) in Gujarat, India. It is the second-largest bank in India, after State Bank of India, and offers a range of banking products and financial services to corporate and retail customers through its branches and through its specialized subsidiaries and affiliates. During FY 2012-13, Its total business was 8,021 billion.In addition to its headquarters in its home state of Gujarat, it has a corporate headquarters in the Bandra Kurla Complex in Mumbai.
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sir, bob bank security guard is not joining notification nov2016.


Automobile Club d´Italia (ACI) launched the Think Bikes campaign on 3 October 2015 in Reggio Emilia, Italy with an event entitled '2 Ruote Sicure/Safe Bike'. The event opened with more than 200 children who experienced how to cycle safely in a city square.
The children, after a lesson on road safety, passed from theory into practice on a circuit set up on the site. At the end, they received a symbolic 'driving license' after passing the test. Over 1,000 Think Bikes stickers were distributed to the adults accompanying their children.
The event ended with a conference on cyclists and road safety. Speakers analysed the increasing use of this means of transport in Italy and the relative increase of cyclists involved in road accidents, often fatal. The cause of these accidents is often driver distraction: in many cases, in the chaotic traffic of some cities, it proves to be hard for drivers to see the cyclists. The conference was attended by local and national institutions and the Italian cycling champion Gilberto Simoni.
In this regard, ACI highlighted the aim of the campaign Think Bikes promoted by the FIA: a sticker for the side-view mirrors as a reminder to drivers that there are also cyclists and motorcyclists on the road.


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Last week we tried something new.
We cooked pound of spaghetti, set the tables for our first ever Spaghetti Dinner Youth Fundraiser, and somehow managed to squeeze 200 people into half of Jubilee hall.
The youth told stories about last summer's mission trips, how they are looking forward to the Scotland Pilgrimage, and the reasons they love our church.It was a holy night and I could not have been more proud of our students.
In the last week I have had countless people tell me how wonderful dinner was. They have offered compliments on the high energy, the intergenerational connection, and for providing them with hope for the future. None of that could have happened without y'alls help! To the parents who showed up early to prep food- thank you.
To the families and youth who decorated tables, greeted by the door, and told their stories- thank you.
And to those of you who donated to the cause- thank you. Together we raised just over $3,000 for the Montreat bus. What a gift it is to be a part of this community of faith!


In this series, we have seen that fear is a powerful force in our lives. It can keep us cornered and cause us to cower. Too often, it drives us away from experiencing the path God has for us. And one of the most devastating fears we have is our fear of commitment. In this message, we look at the dangers of shying away from commitment and get an in-depth look at the areas of our life that could use more commitment. When we commit the way God wants us to, we experience the blessings God has in store for us.


America's natural foods movement is a varied, multi-faceted, and continually evolving forum of beliefs, a true meeting of different minds, cultures, and values. Below are some of the major and notable contributors to the conversation—worth reading whether or not you ultimately agree with their particular angle.
Michael Pollan, The Omnivore's Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals, Penguin, 2007.
Joel Salatin, Holy Cows and Hog Heaven: The Food Buyer's Guide to Farm Friendly Food, Polyface, 2005.
Wendell Berry, Bringing It to the Table: On Farming and Food, Counterpoint 2009.
Food Inc., Magnolia Home Entertainment, 2009.
Fresh: New Thinking About What We're Eating, Docurama, 2009.
Ingredients: The Local Food Movement Takes Root, 2009.
Fast Food Nation , Twentieth Century Fox, 2006.
King Corn, Mosaic Films, 2007.
We are providing these links for your convenience. Please note we do not make any money from them.


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Increased carotid IMT in overweight and obese women affected by Hashimoto's thyroiditis: an adiposity and autoimmune linkage?
Hashimoto's thyroiditis is the most important cause of hypothyroidism. It is a systemic disease that can even affect the cardiovascular system, by accelerating the atherosclerotic process. Aim of this study was to examine whether autoimmune thyroiditis has an effect on the intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery (IMT-CCT), independently of the thyroid function and well-known cardiovascular risk factors. Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a systemic disease. The aim is to examine whether autoimmune thyroiditis and adiposity can effect carotid IMT independently of thyroid hormones and cardiovascular risk factors.
A total of 104 obese women (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m-2), with FT3 and FT4 serum levels in the normal range and TSH levels < 4.5 μU/ml, were investigated. None of these patients was taking any kind of drug influencing thyroid function. Measurements were made of the IMT-CCT, BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure levels, as well as fasting TSH, FT3, FT4, anti-thyroid antibodies, insulin, fasting glycemia, triglycerides, total and HDL-cholesterol serum concentrations.
Of the 104 women, 30 (28.8%) were affected by autoimmune thyroiditis. Significantly higher values of IMT-CCT (p < 0.05), TSH (p < 0.05), and triglycerides (p < 0.05) were obtained, and significantly lower values of FT4 (p < 0.05), in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis as compared to those with a normal thyroid function. When examining the whole group together, at multiple regression analysis Hashimoto's thyroiditis maintained a positive association with the IMT (p < 0.001), independently of age, hypertension, BMI, and the fasting serum levels of TSH, FT3, FT4, insulin, fasting glycemia, triglycerides, total and HDL-cholesterol levels.
The present study shows that Hashimoto's thyroiditis is associated to an increased IMT only in overweight and obese, independently of the thyroid function, BMI and cardiovascular risk factors. These results suggest that Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a marker of evolution of the atherosclerosis if combined to adiposity.
Although published data [1–3] clearly indicate that there is a close relationship between even sub-clinical thyroid dysfunction and an increased cardiovascular risk, the underlying pathogenic process is still unknown. Researchers have so far concentrated on demonstrating the existence of the correlation and evaluating the extent to which different degrees of thyroid dysfunction increase the risk [4–6], but the study populations have rarely been subdivided on the basis of the type of thyroid disease. We believe that this second approach could highlight the close relationships between the two organs, allowing us to study the natural pathogenic mechanisms underlying the impact of thyroid dysfunction on cardiovascular risk, rather than the effects of the secreted hormones on the cardiovascular system in general .
Aim of this study was therefore to investigate whether autoimmune Hashimoto's thyroiditis increases the intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery (IMT-CCA), regardless of thyroid dysfunction or traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
A total of 104 overweight or obese women (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2) attending the Obesity Clinic of the Institute of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, and the Emergency and Organ Transplant Department of Bari University General Hospital, were enrolled in the study, inclusion criteria being normal blood FT3 and FT4 concentrations, and TSH levels of <4.5 μU/ml.
Exclusion criteria were smoking habit, thyroid or other known endocrine diseases, cardiovascular diseases (coronary heart disease, arrhythmia, heart failure), vascular brain diseases (stroke or a transient ischemic attack), peripheral obstructive artery disease (claudicatio intermittens, delayed or absent peripheral pulses), documented diabetes mellitus, a family or personal history of severe dyslipidemia (triglyceride or total cholesterol levels of >300 mg/dl), chronic liver disease, known kidney disease or any other chronic severe disease. Women taking any kind of medication other than anti-hypertensive drugs, including β-blockers, were also excluded.
Of the 104 enrolled subjects, 30 had Hashimoto's thyroiditis (serum anti-thyroglobulin [Tg-Ab] and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies [TPO-Ab]; the remaining 74 did not have positive serum auto-antibodies and were therefore considered free of autoimmune thyroiditis: these were taken as the controls. All patients had serum fasting glucose levels of <126 mg/dl.
High blood pressure was present in 30% of the women with, and 31% of those without autoimmune thyroiditis. Arterial hypertension was diagnosed on the basis of pre-existing treatment with antihypertensive drugs or the criteria of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) Final Report : i.e. systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) levels of ≥130 and ≥85 mmHg. Blood pressure was evaluated using a mercury sphygmomanometer with an appropriate-sized cuff with the patients in sitting position, and the average of three measurements was recorded.
Patients were instructed not to change their dietary habits or practice more sport during the study period.
All patients and controls underwent to an ultrasound assessment of their thyroid morphologies.
The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Bari University General Hospital and carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration; all patients gave informed consent before entering the study.
The following anthropometric parameters were evaluated: weight (kg), height (cm), body mass index (BMI) expressed as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in metres (normal < 24.9 kg/m2; overweight 25-29.9 kg/m2; obese ≥ 30 kg/m2), and waist circumference (cm).
Blood samples were taken fasting at 8.00 a.m., and used to measure fasting glycemia (mg/dl), serum insulin (μUI/ml; normal values [n.v.] 4.3-19.9 μU/ml), FT3 (pg/ml; n.v. 2.2-4.2 pg/ml), FT4 (pg/ml; n.v. 8.1-17.1 pg/ml), TSH (μUI/ml; n.v. 0.3-3.6 μU/ml), total cholesterol (mg/dl), HDL cholesterol (mg/dl), triglycerides (mg/dl), Tg-Ab (UI/ml; n.v. < 50 UI/ml) and TPO-Ab (UI/ml; n.v. < 10 UI/ml). Blood glucose was measured using the glucose-oxidase method (Sclavo, Siena, Italy); serum insulin by radio-immune assay (Behring, Scoppito, Italy); FT3, FT4 and TSH using a competitive photometric method based on the solid phase antigen-linked technique (LIASON FT3, LIASON FT4, LIASON TSH, DiaSorin, Saluggi, Italy); total and HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels using an enzymatic method (Boehringer Mannheim, Diagnostica Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany); auto-antibodies by radio-immune assays (Tg-Ab IRMA, Biocode, Sclessin, Belgium; TPO-Ab RIA, Sorin Biomedica, Saluggia, Italy).
All patients underwent a two-dimensional echo-colour Doppler examination of the carotid arteries using a high-definition vascular echograph (Philips Sonos 5500 Ultrasound Scanner) and a 7.5 MHz linear electronic probe. They were placed in supine position with their neck in extension and rolled contralaterally by about 45°. The common carotid arteries were examined in the long axis view using a lateral projection and 2.5× image enlargement; bulbar dilation was considered to identify the border between the distal common carotid artery and carotid bulb [9–13]. None of the patients had atherosclerotic plaques, localised lesions ≥2 mm thick, or stenoses.
The images were focused on the intima-media complex of the arterial wall, frozen, and recorded on a videotape. IMT was measured using a digital device (Hewlett Packard, Borthell, Washington) according to Pignoli : i.e. the distance between the principal border of one echogenic line and the principal border of a second, separated by a relatively hypoechoic space ("the double line pattern"). Three measurements were made 1 cm proximally from the carotid bulb on each side, and the average of the six measurements was recorded. Each scan was made by the same investigator, who was blinded to the patients' clinical history and characteristics.
The data are expressed as mean values ± standard deviation except for the category-specific variables, which are expressed in percentages. Between-group differences were analysed using Student's test for independent samples; frequencies were compared using the chi-squared exact test. The correlations between parameters were analysed using Pearson's linear correlation coefficient. The determinants of the independent IMT-CCA variable were assessed by multiple regression analysis. All the analyses were made using STATISTICA 6.1 for Windows software (StatSoft Inc., Tulsa, OK, USA), and p values of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Table 1 shows the anthropometric, biochemical and IMT data on the population. There were no significant between-group differences as to demographic and anthropometric variables, but the patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis had significantly higher IMT (Fig. 1; Panel A), TSH (Fig. 1; Panel B) and triglyceride levels, and significantly lower FT3 levels than the controls.
Panel A: IMT values in Hashimoto patients and controls; Panel B: TSH values in Hashimoto patients and controls.
Subclinical hypothyroidism (normal serum concentrations of FT3 and FT4, and THS ≥ 3.6 μUI/ml) was detected in three of the 74 patients without auto-immune thyroiditis (4.05%) and seven of the 30 patients with Hashimoto' thyroiditis (23.3%).
Table 2 shows Pearson's linear correlation coefficients for simple regression analysis of the IMT with the other parameters in the two groups and in the population as a whole. In the population as a whole, IMT was significantly and positively correlated with age, waist circumference, fasting glycemia, total cholesterol, triglycerides and hypertension; in the thyroiditis group, it was correlated with age (Fig. 2; Panel A), fasting glycemia (Fig. 2; Panel B), total cholesterol and triglycerides.
Panel A: Simple linear correlation of age and IMT in Hashimoto patients and controls; Panel B: Simple linear correlation between fasting glycemia levels and IMT in Hashimoto patients and controls.
Table 3 shows the multiple regression analysis coefficients for the population as a whole, with the IMT as the dependent variable and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, age, BMI (Model 1) or waist circumference (Model 2), fasting glycemia, fasting insulin, FT3, FT4, TSH, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and hypertension as independent variables. The two models showed a good fit (R2 = 0.41, P < 0.001 in each case) and the IMT-CCA retained its independent and positive association with age and the reference group (Hashimoto thyroiditis vs controls). The explanatory contribution of the other variables was not significant. Moreover, including in the analysis a dichotomic variables to take in account the presence of TSH lower than 3.5, age and Hashimoto remain positively associated with IMT in model 1 (respectively, p < 0.001 and p = 0.048) and model 2 (respectively, p < 0.001 and p = 0.049).
Hashimoto's thyroiditis is one of the most popular thyroid disease. The diagnosis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis was defined on the basis of the presence of high serum thyroid peroxidase antibody concentrations and of the ultrasound examination, showing a hypoechogenic thyroid. Serum thyroid peroxidase antibodies were considered high whether their concentrations were higher than 40 UI/ml, and they were high in 100 percent of patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Moreover, serum thyroglobulin antibodies were considered high whether their concentrations were higher than 125 UI/ml, and these antibodies were high in less than 50 percent of the patients.
The importance of this study is that Hashimoto' thyroiditis per se increases the intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery regardless of thyroid function. Actually, Stamatelopoulos et al.  just underlined the positive effects of Hashimoto's thyroiditis on arterial stiffness, regardless the intima-madia thickness. But only overweight and obese women were enrolled in our study and the differences in study group may partly explain the different results between the Stamatelopoulos and our study.
All of the subjects we included in our study had normal serum FT3 and FT4 levels and, although patients with subclinical hypothyroidism were also included, there was no linear correlation between IMT and serum TSH levels. The correlation between IMT and Hashimoto thyroiditis is therefore independent of TSH and thyroid hormone values.
As smoking, diabetes mellitus and severe or familial hyperlipidemia were exclusion criteria , and the other atherogenic factors such as abdominal obesity, hypertension, fasting glycemia and insulin levels, and lipidemia typifying the study population did not influence the association between auto-immune thyroiditis and IMT, it can be said that Hashimoto's thyroiditis seems to be an independent cardiovascular risk factor. If this is true, all patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (including euthyroid patients) may benefit from L-thyroxin. Besides, Monzani et al. have clearly shown that six months of thyroid-replacement therapy in patients with hypothyroidism are sufficient to reduce carotid intima-media thickness [16, 17].
Although Hashimoto's thyroiditis is related to the IMT regardless of TSH and thyroid hormone levels, we found that our patients with thyroiditis had higher mean serum TSH and triglyceride levels, and lower mean blood FT3 concentrations than the controls. Furthermore, although only a minority of the enrolled women suffered from subclinical hypothyroidism, the percentage was higher among those with auto-immune thyroiditis (23.3% vs 4.05%). For this reason, a first hypothesis is that Hashimoto thyroiditis, by reducing the thyroid function, is per se responsible for increasing the IMT even in subjects with normal FT3 and FT4 levels.
As expected, the IMT was directly correlated with age, waist circumference, hypertension, fasting glycemia, and total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, thus confirming the findings of previously published studies [21–23]. The correlation between the IMT and fasting glycemia is particularly interesting because none of the patients had fasting glycemia levels of >110 mg/dl, which suggests a second hypothesis, namely that defective glucose homeostasis may also be per se a cardiovascular risk factor in non-diabetic subjects [24–27].
We did not find a significant association between the IMT and fasting insulin levels, although high insulin concentrations are considered a surrogate marker of insulin resistance . However, this is in line with the findings of previous studies that have not demonstrated a clear relationship between insulin concentrations and the angiographically-assessed severity of coronary disease [28, 29]. Nevertheless, it is possible that determining fasting insulin concentrations by means of an immuno-assay is only an indirect measure of insulin resistance and cannot be compared with measures of in vivo hormone sensitivity indicating an independent association between insulin resistance and the IMT-CCA.
Finally, Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an auto-immune disease, and it is well-known that a number of auto-immune diseases are associated with arteritis, accelerated atherosclerosis progression and an increased cardiovascular risk (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome...) , and so it cannot be excluded that Hashimoto's thyroiditis may in itself be responsible for auto-immune or inflammation-based arteritis. We have no firm evidence supporting such a hypothesis, but it could be an interesting issue to be addressed in future research. Such a consideration come from even from Taddei and al. study  in which they demonstrate the endothelial dysfunction coming from Hashimoto's thyroiditis, independently from others cardiovascular risk factors and rather associated with the autoimmune process by itself. For this reason Taddei et al. pointed out the beneficial use of anti-inflammatory drugs in reducing impaired endothelial function in patients with such a disease.
Besides, even though TSH levels were higher in the group with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, BMI and waist circumference were not different between thyroiditis and control groups, thus possibly excluding that higher TSH in the thyroiditis group is due to obesity itself.
In conclusion, our findings show that Hashimoto's thyroiditis is associated with increased arterial wall IMT regardless of thyroid function and well-known cardiovascular risk factors, such as abdominal obesity, hypertension, fasting glycemia, serum insulin and lipid levels. This seems to suggest that auto-immune thyroiditis is in itself a marker of evolution of the atherosclerotic process, particularly in overweight and obese subjects. It seems due to the linkage between the auto-immune process end the endocrinal state consequence to overweight and obesity.
MMC and GDP conceived and designed the study, analysed and interpreted the data, drafted the article and critically reviewed its intellectual content, and finally approved the version to be submitted for publication. MTP measured and calculated IMT data, reviewed the article's intellectual content, and finally approved the version to be submitted for publication. PS, PC, MI and PG. analysed the data, reviewed the article's intellectual content, and finally approved the version to be submitted for publication. FG contributed towards designing the study, interpreting the endocrinological data, critically reviewing the article's intellectual content, and finally approving the version to be submitted for publication. SF contributed towards designing the study, interpreting the cardiological data, critically reviewing the article's intellectual content, and finally approving the version to be submitted for publication. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.


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S1S2S3S4S5S6S7S8S9S10
Adventure Time: 2x23
Video Makers
After discovering government warnings prior to movies for their film club, Finn and Jake decide to make their own, but get into a fight over the direction of their film.
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It Came from the Nightosphere Oct. 11, 2010
The Eyes Oct. 18, 2010
Loyalty to the King Oct. 25, 2010
Blood Under the Skin Nov. 01, 2010
Story Tellin Nov. 08, 2010
Slow Love Nov. 15, 2010
Power Animal Nov. 22, 2010
Crystals Have Power Nov. 29, 2010
The Other Tarts Jan. 03, 2011
To Cut a Woman Jan. 10, 2011
The Chamber of Frozen Blades Jan. 17, 2011
Her Parents Jan. 24, 2011
The Pods Jan. 31, 2011
The Silent King Feb. 07, 2011
The Real You Feb. 14, 2011
Guardians of Sunshine Feb. 21, 2011
Death in Bloom Feb. 28, 2011
Susan Strong Mar. 07, 2011
Mystery Train Mar. 14, 2011
Go with Me Mar. 28, 2011
Belly of the Beast Apr. 04, 2011
The Limit Apr. 11, 2011
Video Makers Apr. 18, 2011
Mortal Folly May. 02, 2011
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A German-Scandinavian Art Project in the Belzig Landscape Fields.
"QUARTZ DE LUX" 2015 A INSTALLATION 7-8 AUG. IN BAITZ GERMANY.
Microprocessor programmed Quartz Chrystal's with LED lights, Arctic plants, ceramic pots, wooden tray, water, sand, stones and casted concrete sculptures.
"QUARTZ DE LUX" is a combination of created, collected and found artefacts from my journey following the traces from the ice northerly from the Glacial Valley of Baruth as starting point. The Installation is presented as a temporary Art work in a custom made container.When I first saw this sandy dune landscape with the smell from resin from pine threes close the bicycle road stretched from Calais to St Petersburg and follows the Glacial Valley of Baruth with sand formations created during the last two ice ages.
When looking out over the landscape its easy to imagine the melting water from ancient glacial river throwing out chrushed Scandinavian mountains as sand and gravel.
This experience made a strong impression on me and I didn't know that I was going to spend the summer following and thinking about the traces from the ice through Sweden up to Torneå see and through Norway and back to Baitz.
"QUARTZ DE LUX" is the out come from my journey. The collected and displayed objects and materials connect for me different parts of our cultural history after the last ice age.
In the Art project ERRATIKER in Beitz and the confrontation with the overwhelming of sand and gravel quartz get stucked in my mind and I came to see glimps oft he cultural history since the last ice age through the mineral quartz.
In the installation I have chosen to use quartz chrystals with integrated LED light´s in a installation with quartz, plants, pottery, and wooden trays.
Quartz is a major component in sand and together with bedrock the first settlement for living organisms after the ice age.
Sunlight, water and sand are the conditions what were needed for plants to grow and to create the condition, needed for the wild animals grassing.
That´s made it possible to create a culture from hunters and collectors.
Quartz is used since the stone age as flint and quartz shards used for tools.
In the bronze age, quartz sand and clay was mixed together for creating pots for melting bronze and later for burned bricks and glass production, today it´s used in electronic equipment as watches, radios, computers, and sonars. Quartz is today also used in all kind of construction work as concrete and production of hightech glass and ceramics.
A thought that follows me, we define our culture in categories as stone age, bronze and iron age. We now must be living in the sand age, thinking on all new megacities made from glass, concrete, metal and plastic, operated with advanced electronic systems.
The installation "QUARTZ DE LUX" is my contribution to work with the landscape around Baitz, initiated from the Curators: Susken Rosenthal and Otmar Sattel.
Through my journey along the landscape created from the ice in mind.
I have travelled from Baitz through Sweden up to Kiruna, crossing the polar circle and driving along Torneå see over to Narvik and through Norway down to Baitz again. During the travel I have been collecting plants, rocks and the artefacts later used in the installation. My intention is to interact with the surrounding landscape and different time periods and use of the Container as a diorama the visitors can enter.
During my research I have noticed that during our history we have moved from a wood- and stone- to a sand culture.
Quartz is central in our culture and is used for concrete, glass and ceramics and an important content of our soil where we grow our food.
"QUARTZ DE LUXE" is displayed inside a white container placed beside the European bicycle road R1, which passes Belziger meadows in the region of High Fläming in Brandenburg, formed about 25.000 years ago during the last two glacial periods.
The glacier streams drove masses of ice and rocks from Scandinavia and carved the today existing landscape, now waiting to be trans formed through future ice ages to come.


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anticipate risk and sense opportunity timeously for competitive advantage.
We use this terminology to highlight our approach of facilitating solutions during the education process.
have application to their unique environment.
management. We also find that members of strategy, innovation and long-term project units find benefit.
All programmes are typically delivered as 1 or 2 day engagements, although longer modules are possible.
designed around the emerging needs of the client.
unique context in terms of content, method and level.
A selection of modules appear below.


Marc Vands is our YWPDK profile of the month for February 2018. Marc has been the regional representative for Fyn, since he was elected during the last general assembly in Aarhus. Marc organizes events for the memberbase while working as a consulting engineer at the consulting company Rambøll. Read more about Marc below and feel free to contact him at odense@ywp.dk for more information on the regional Fyn branch of YWPDK.
Lorenzo Pugliese is our profile of the month for december. Lorenzo originates from Italy, but he has lived and worked in Denmark since 2010. Lorenzo works as a postdoc at Aarhus University with mitigation of nutrient pollution of water bodies.
Karoline Edelvang is our YWPDK profile for November 2017. Karoline works as an environmental consultant at EKJ Consulting Engineers AS where she is involved in groundwater assignments and contamination investigations. She has been a part of the YWPDK network since 2015. Karoline recently hosted a YWPDK Copenhagen event at EKJ, where she presented the work that she is doing in the Copenhagen Metro construction and took the participants on a tour down into the metro tunnel.
Anna Grudinina is our YWPDK profile for October 2017. Anna works as a project manager at the utility company Herning Water A/S. She leads projects related to storm water management and has been a part of the YWPDK network since 2015.
Janne Møller is our YWPDK profile for September 2017. Janne works as an environmental engineer at the consultancy Rambøll in Odense. Janne is part of the YWPDK regional group for Fyn. Her daily work is within water management and climate adaption and she has been a member of YWPDK since 2015.


Agree, long hair lapis needs to be a thing.
Aaaaah, she's so cuuuuute !!!
Omg, she looks so cute! Love your art!
Omg! This is so good! I can see how much time and effort you put into this drawing. Good job!
Chibi lapis is so !!!
ahh she looks super adorable!!
i'm am also gay for lapis.
Im dying how the heck can one being so beautiful.
I also like her wearing the sweater.
I love this so much! The colors all match perfectly! I love the color scheme! You're such a great artist!
I love it, the colors look fantastic!


Do make the person feel that the gift means a lot to you. A well-crafted thank you letter is as important as the donation itself. A gift thank you letter can be written for a person or an organization that has sent you a gift.
The purpose of a thank you letter for a memorial donation is not only to demonstrate gratitude and respect, but also to acknowledge receipt of a donation made in memory of someone. Memorial donations help organizations as well as provide comfort to the family that has chosen to establish the fund. Stuck on what to write in a thank you card. Thank You Letter For Gift Template. You can actually use a small piece of wood sticking out as a reference as to where your shots will hit, however it isnt always accurate. Acknowledge that you received the gift and what the gift is. For a thank you letter in an academic context, you should try not to open with such a personal salutation.
Through appreciation, you can change peoples perspectives about you. You even get more helping hands when you say thank you. The memorial is a gift that keeps on giving. How to Write the Perfect Thank You Letter.


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Methods To Increase Sales Using Facebook Advertising
The Goals & Objectives For The Social Advertising Campaign
Stage 1: Top of Funnel (Organic)
Stage 2: Middle of Funnel
Stage 3: Bottom of Funnel
In July 2016 a manufacturing company of lighting and decor came to Boomtown seeking to redesign their entire website in hopes to diversify sales. At this point, the majority of the sales were solely from vendors. The website had low, flatlining sales from after the redesign. The was no website SEO optimization on-page or off-page. In May 2017, the retail company initially commissioned Boomtown to post organic posts for their Facebook feeds, to create brand awareness and cause traffic to the website. There was no traffic going to the website from organic posts, and as a result, they were flatlining sales. The company's Facebook page had less than 500 followers with less than a 40 viewer reach. Boomtown suggested to increase sales using Facebook Advertising was the best option with the least risk.
To drive brand awareness & exposure.
To build credibility & authority both in the industry and in the minds of consumers.
To increase all social media traffic to the website (referrals, direct, and organic searching after seeing an ad).
To increase conversions.
Visits to the site.
Placing an item into a shopping cart and purchasing.
Create three different types of Facebook Ad campaigns directed at different stages in the buying process. This will create brand awareness and increase the traffic to the site, leading to an increase in purchases for those further in the sales. In order to build credibility, for the beginning stages of the sales funnel, periodically posting relevant articles that are also share-worthy from news sites. For those viewers in the mid-cycle of the funnel, creating seasonal ads with coupons. The viewers further in the sales process/funnel, there post remarking ads to all those viewers that visited the website and all that put items in their shopping cart.
Posting articles that were relevant to the season and attaching recommended products to the articles. The intention is to cause brand-association with interesting news topics.
Ads were created to advertise seasonal specials and coupons advertising to the geographic locations that were of highest concentration to the website and the audience to the Facebook page with the highest engagement. This created further brand awareness and exposure to audiences that had the highest conversion rates (purchases and site traffic).
Once the mid-cycle conversions successfully led traffic to the website, Facebook tracked these viewers and remarked to them. – In addition to the ads that were still being seen from Phase 2.
There was an overall increase in all KIPs across the board after a 90-day test period of ONLY using Facebook ads to advertise for the e-commerce company. Not only did the Facebook page-follows increase from 435 followers to 1,278 followers, but the website traffic also increased by 40%. There was a significant increase in gross sales over the period due to the Facebook Advertising, with a $1,244 ad-spend the company saw $14,577 in gross sales from online purchases. (in 7 months prior to the social media advertising the company had a total of $7,696 in gross sales, averaging $1,099 per month).
If you want to learn more about how to increase sales using Facebook advertising contact us today!


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Q: Date encoding through Righ Shift >> and Left Shift << bitwise operation I am trying to solve a C programming problem, which is date encoding in 2 bytes using bit shifting operations and decoding back to date, month and year. While I could also use bitwise & and | operation, I want to use just bit shifting.
The issue is: even though everything seems to be right the output of date and month has no effect of dual bit shifting operation. The year is okay because there is only one operation. Meaning that the dual operation of bit shift is somehow not behaving as required.
I have used unsigned char so last sign bit is definitely not the issue. The Showbits function is just to show the bits. I am using gcc g++ compiler with VSCode in Windows 10.
//  Date encoding in 2-byte number

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>

typedef unsigned int uint;

Showbits(int n)
{
    int i, k, mask;

    for (i = 15; i >= 0; i--)
    {
        mask = 1 << i;
        k = n & mask;
        k == 0 ? printf("0") : printf("1");
    }
}

int main()
{

    uint encd_date, date, month, year;

    year = 2022;
    month = 9;
    date = 15;
    encd_date = 512 * (year - 1980) + 32 * month + date;

    printf("\nEncoded date:%u\n", encd_date);
    printf("\nencd_date: ");
    Showbits(encd_date);

    year = (1980 + (encd_date >> 9));
    month = (encd_date << 7);
    month = (month >> 12);
    date = (encd_date << 11);
    date = (date >> 11);

    printf("\ndate: ");
    Showbits(date);

    printf("\nmonth: ");
    Showbits(month);

    printf("\nyear: ");
    Showbits(year);

    printf("\nDecoded date %u month %u year %u", date, month, year);

    return 0;
}

A: I change the data type suitable for 16-bit as suggested by Fe2O3 and it works as expected.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <inttypes.h>

typedef uint16_t uint;

void Showbits(int n)
{
    int i, k, mask;

    for (i = 15; i >= 0; i--)
    {
        mask = 1 << i;
        k = n & mask;
        k == 0 ? printf("0") : printf("1");
    }
}

int main()
{

    uint encd_date, date, month, year;

    year = 2022;
    month = 9;
    date = 15;
    encd_date = 512 * (year - 1980) + 32 * month + date;

    printf("\nEncoded date:%u\n", encd_date);
    printf("\nencd_date: ");
    Showbits(encd_date);

    year = (1980 + (encd_date >> 9));
    month = (encd_date << 7);
    month = (month >> 12);
    date = (encd_date << 11);
    date = (date >> 11);

    printf("\ndate: ");
    Showbits(date);

    printf("\nmonth: ");
    Showbits(month);

    printf("\nyear: ");
    Showbits(year);

    printf("\nDecoded date %u month %u year %u", date, month, year);

    return 0;
}

A: It's seems the carry-out of the left shift is being dragged back in on the right shift operations.
A bridging 'fix' is to use an intermediary variable that seems to "clear up" the problem. This seems to work(around) for whatever reason.
int main() {
    uint16_t y = 2022;
    uint16_t m = 9;
    uint16_t d = 15;
    uint16_t u;

    uint16_t encd_date = (y-1980)*512 + m*32 + d;

                            y = (encd_date >> 9) + 1980;
    u = encd_date <<  7;    m = u >> (7+5);
    u = encd_date << 11;    d = u >> 11;

    printf( "\nDecoded year %d month %d date %d", y, m, d );

    return 0;
}

/* Output
Decoded year 2022 month 9 date 15
*/

EDIT Coming back to this...
The OP sought to use << (with >>) to clear high-order bits.
Here is an alternative that does not left-shift bits into oblivion.
Instead, 3 smallish values are put into an unsigned 16 bit buffer, then extracted again, using shift and +/- (which is effectively like bitmasking).
And an alternative version of Showbits() for a 16 bit value
void Showbits( uint16_t n ) {
    uint16_t cpy = n;
    char buf[ 16 ] = { '0' };
    for( int i = sizeof buf; i-- && cpy; cpy >>= 1 )
        buf[ i ] = "01"[ cpy & 1 ];
    printf( "\n%04X = %.16s\n", n, buf );
}

int main() {
    uint16_t yb = 1900; // 7 bit range: 1900-2027

    uint16_t d = 15, m = 9, y = 2022; // 15 Sept 2022

    // Initial values
    printf( "\n:::: == day %02d month %02d year %d (%d+%d)", d, m, y, yb, y-yb );

    // squeeze into 16 bits: 7+4+5 : yyyyyyymmmmddddd
    uint16_t enc = ((y-yb<<4)+m<<5) + d;
    Showbits( enc );

    // output directly
    // demonstrates right to left processing of function call parameters
    // y is assigned before used to calc m and
    // m is assigned before used to calc d
    printf( "\n%04X == day %02d month %02d year %d",
        enc, (enc-(y<<9))-(m<<5), m=(enc-(y<<9))>>5, yb+(y=(enc>>9)) );

    // or, first decompose
    y =  enc >> 9;
    m = (enc - (y << 9)) >> 5;
    d = (enc - (y << 9)) - (m<<5);
    y += yb;

    // output values
    printf( "\n%04X == day %02d month %02d year %d", enc, d, m, y );

    return 0;
}

Output
:::: == day 15 month 09 year 2022 (1900+122)
F52F = 1111010100101111

F52F == day 15 month 09 year 2022
F52F == day 15 month 09 year 2022

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


P.G. Diploma in Travel Tourism & Cultural Heritage - Travel and tourism is the largest service industry in India. It provides heritage, cultural, medical, business and sports tourism. The main objective of this sector is to develop and promote tourism, maintain competitiveness of India as tourist destination and improve and expand existing tourism products to ensure employment generation and economic growth. In this section, we provide information about various tourist destinations, modes of travel, accommodation and approved travel agents.culture management programme is a part-time or full-time Masters or Postgraduate Diploma course design to meet the needs of practicing and aspiring arts managers. Taught primarily in block release format, the course is design to facilitate the involvement of working professionals and students from other provinces.
This page was last modified on 16 April 2014 at 11:04.


text:
Mustafa Aydoğan (born 1 June 1964) is a Turkish poet and writer.

Life and career
He graduated from Karamanlı Primary School in 1975 and Kahramanmaraş Imam-Hatip High School in 1982. He had his university education in Ankara. He graduated from Gazi University, School of Business Administration, in 1989. In 1990, he entered the Ministry of Finance as an Accounting Trainee Controller. He became Accounting Controller in 1993 and Accounting Chief Controller in 2000. He still continues to work in the same ministry.

In 1981, he published a literature magazine named Esra Yazları with his friends. His first poems and writings were published in this magazine. In the same years, he wrote on the art pages of some local newspapers published in Kahramanmaraş. In 1981, he corresponded with Cahit Zarifoğlu and sent his poems to him. One of the first poems he sent was published in Mavera magazine in 1982 and received letters of praise from Zarifoğlu.

He started to live in Ankara in 1984. His poems and writings have been published in many literary magazines. His works appeared in important literary magazines of his period such as Mavera, Yedi İklim, Dergâh, and Hece.

In 1997, he became one of the founders of Edebiyat Ortamı magazine. The magazine's publication stooped after one year of operation. In March 2008, Edebiyat Ortamı magazine started to be published again with Aydoğan as the editor-in-chief. In 2010, he published the Edebiyat Ortamı Poetry Yearbook as a supplement to the magazine. He continued to prepare this yearbook for five years. He led the preparation of the Edebiyat Ortamı Story Yearbook and had the yearbook published as a supplement to the magazine from 2011. He left the editorial staff of the magazine in early 2015.

In 2006, he published reviews in the book supplement of Yeni Şafak newspaper. He worked as a columnist for Yeni Söz and Milat newspapers for a short time.

His first poetry book Kendini Aynalarda Çoğaltan Şehir was published in 1997.

Bibliography

Poetry
 Kendini Aynalarda Çoğaltan Şehir (1997)
 Bir Dolu Bakır Yaz (1999)
 Bahar Köpüğü (2004)
 Az Önce (2012)
 Bugün Konuştuklarımız (2012)
 Güneşin Ayak İzini Takip Et (2014)

Essays
 Yazma Sevinci (2014)
 Kitabın Kimliği (2015)

Assessments
 Yüzdeki Leke (2014)
 Aşk Yolcuları (2015)

Biography
 Yalnızlık Mahşeri Alaeddin Özdenören (2015)
 İnancın Parıltısı Nuri Pakdil (2018)

Anthology
 Kırk Şairden 40 Aşk Şiiri (2016)

Prepared for publication
 Şiir Beni Korkutmuştur- Alâeddin Özdenören'in Söyleşileri (2017)

Further reading
 Gedikli, Özgür (2018). Mustafa Aydoğan'ın Poetikası. Retrieved 1 June 2020.

References

1964 births
Turkish writers
Living people


text:
Secular Pro-Life (SPL) is an American secular anti-abortion organization. SPL argues against abortion and conducts advocacy, including on university campuses.

History

Secular Pro-Life was founded in 2009 by Kelsey Hazzard, who serves as the Board President. Hazzard identifies as an atheist, and attended law school at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, Virginia. In 2021, Secular Pro-Life announced its first Executive Director, Monica Snyder. Snyder, who also identifies as an atheist, studied chemical biology at University of California, Berkeley and forensic science at University of California, Davis.

Secular Pro-Life ran a stall at the 2012 American Atheists conference. Their presence there caused some controversy within the atheist community.

In February 2014, Hazzard gave a talk at the University of Georgia titled "Pro-Life Without God". In the run up to the event, SPL posters were repeatedly torn down in an attempt to thwart Hazzard's presentation.

References

Organizations established in 2009
Anti-abortion organizations in the United States
Irreligion in the United States


text:
Home » Startup Portfolio
Over the years we have been fortunate to have worked with some incredible startups, witnessed a great level of success along the way, but most of all, made some great friends. Here are a small selection of those companies we have been lucky to work with since 2007.
Get The Shifts
With a background in hospitality and a member of several family businesses, Hannah Wrixon spotted an opportunity when it came to running events. The lack of supply for skilled, reliable hospitality staff. From humble beginnings supplying the staff to a local festival, Get the Shifts now provides fully trained hospitality staff…
Mother Bee was founded in 2014 by Cheryl McWilliams. Her first product was named after her mother, who had passed on a secret family recipe to her. The recipe was originally put together by Cheryl's great grandfather Thomas Wright a smallholder in County Tyrone, Ireland - who as well as keeping…
A startup company with two female co-founders, who were determined to make a difference, Elemental is changing the way we deal with the provision of social prescribing - in Ireland, UK and Dubai. Their team has been at the forefront of mobilising communities towards better health, education and employment for…
Peppup Sauce
A startup story of meaning, family and storytelling. A native of Italy, Luca Montario back in 2014 found himself combining two passions - his love for Italian food and a drive to start his own company. A simple, yet authentic sauce recipe handed down from his Grandfather Giuseppe, led him…
Islander Seafood
This is a startup story of legend, the ocean and community. Ocean Veg Ireland are growing kelp just off Church Bay in Rathlin Island. Rathlin is synonymous with clean, cold waters due to the mix of Irish Sea and Atlantic currents. This makes it ideal for growing and harvesting of…
Adoreboard
Kicked off in 2012 by CEO Chris Johnston, startup Adoreboard has grown to be a global player in emotional analysis and can boast clients including Press Association, EasyJet and Havas Helia. With a background in media management and PR, Chris began to witness first-hand the challenges faced by brand managers…
HugeRugby
Working from a young age in his family's bricks and mortar sports store, Jonny Small could see that to continue 30 years of tradition, they had to get online. With an initial ecommerce site dealing with the current product range and client base, Jonny quickly started to identify an underserved…
With a background in web design, brothers Eoin and Kevin McGrath formed Beacon in 2013 to help businesses do more in-house. Beacon is a next generation content marketing platform. The product enables companies to generate professional marketing content in a simple to use and intuitive manner. The product also allows…
Cyberlytic
Commissioned in 2013 by GCHQ and the UK Ministry of Defence, Cyberlytic is a cybersecurity company that uses artificial intelligence to combat the most sophisticated of web application threats. The company protects against some of the most common cyberattacks threatening businesses, including cross-site scripting and SQL injection attacks detection. The…
Fieldmotion
Fieldmotion Ltd was founded in 2012 by CEO Jim Finnegan and Managing Director Jerome Finnegan. After running a business that had field based engineers carry out installations and service visits, the team tried numerous mainstream CRM systems, but like many small to medium businesses most were too costly and over…
The Present Tree
The Present Tree is an award-winning company that specialises in beautifully wrapped, organic tree gifts. After considering her idea to wrap and send a baby tree to one of her friends as her gift, Catherine wondered if there was potential to build a new business. That was back in 2012.…
Inflyte
Paul Hamill has worked in the music industry for over 20 years in various roles including international DJ, record producer, broadcaster, record label owner. Importantly he is one of businesses highly regarded tastemakers – an individual who labels ask their opinion on the latest recordings. The music business is hyper…
Rotor Videos
Rotor saw a problem, and set out to build the solution. They knew their product idea had to be built. Simply put, it was too expensive, too time-consuming and too painful to keep up with the constant demand for creating promotional videos and music videos. Diarmuid Moloney, their co-founder and…
QUBIZM
One-time school teacher Franz Schlindwein taught at secondary level for more than 25 years before turning his passion for teaching maths into a career in business. His Izak9 interactive learning tool aims to inject fun into learning mathematics. Izak9 is a unique, radical and innovative maths resource from Qubizm, a…
See.Sense
See.Sense is a cycling technology and data company that helps make cycling safer and cities smarter. It's patented, connected products use cutting-edge technology to improve cyclist safety, while crowdsourcing real-time environmental and transport data and insights for cities. Established in 2013, the company has been built from the ground up…
Farmvet
The Farmvet app VetIMPRESS provides insights and intelligence for farm vets and precision farmers. Established in 2009 by vet George Brownlee, we witnessed the development of a solution based on a real life problem. And George was the perfect guy to kick off this business idea. Farmvet, in use by…


Over the years, the Union of South Africa altered the way it which it displayed the denominations of its coins.
Below you seen how the expression of the denomination of the halfpenny was altered.
The halfpenny depicted a ship. South Africa's halfpenny of 1923 to 1926 showed the denomination as "½PENNY½".
From 1928 to 1931, the denomination changed to simply "½ PENNY".
From 1931 onwards, the denomination was given simply as "½D". Note that the legend "½ PENNY" also occurs on some halfpennies of 1931.
2] This coin commemorates Charles II, who became king of England in 1660. He made two visits to the island during the English Civil War.
3] This coin celebrates the 900th anniversary of the Norman Conquest.
Jersey also issued a "ONE FOURTH OF A SHILLING" with an altered legend in 1966.
"ONE FOURTH OF A SHILLING": 1966.
Standard 12-sided coin of 1964.
Jamaica altered the legend on its halfpenny and penny to commemorate the Jamaican Coinage Centennial.
When the Solomon Islands issued its first coinage in 1977, a 50 cents coin was not included. However, in 1988 a commemorative 50 cents coin was issued. After 1988, the commemorative legend was removed and the denomination became a standard circulation coin. The coat of arms should have been expanded to fill more of the coin's surface, in my opinion, but this did not happen.
Some more from Jamaica, where the obverse design has been amended.
Hungary made the transition from communism to democracy in 1989. The first coins of the new republic were issued in 1990. Above you can see examples of the old and new 50 filler coins (dated 1986 and 1990) side by side. "Magyar Népköztársaság", the People's Republic of Hungary, was changed to simply "Magyar Köztársaság", the Republic of Hungary. The designs remained the same.
Hungary 50 forint 1994 and 2014.
Since the 1st January 2012, Hungary's official country name no longer includes the word "republic". Its name on the coinage was changed in 2012 to appear as MAGYARORSZÁG, instead of "Magyar Köztársaság".
Kenya, 5 shillings, 1973. Independence commemorative.
Below you see the standard reverse (coat of arms side).
Numismaster considers the side that shows the country name as the obverse. Some coins show it on both sides, though.
Tanzania, 5 shilingi, 1976. Bank of Tanzania: 10th anniversary.
Tanzania has occasionally added a special obverse legend for bank commemoratives.
See the standard obverse below.
Tanzania, 25 shilingi, 1991. Bank of Tanzania: 25th anniversary.
Vanuatu used this special obverse legend on its 50 vatu and 10,000 vatu coins of 1981.
Here you see the standard obverse, used from 1983 onward.
Zambia, 5 shillings coin, 1965. First anniversary of independence.
Zambia, 50 ngwee, 1969. Fifth anniversary of independence.
The Zambian coat of arms was sometimes given a special legend.
I asked Google translate to guess which language is "ripablik blong vanuatu". It came up with Hindi: रिपब्लिक ब्लोंग वानातू. Wikipedia says the indigenous official language of Vanuatu is Bislama, a creole language derived from English.


The standalone TrackBack tool serves two purposes: 1) it allows non-Movable Type users to use TrackBack with the tool of their choice, provided they meet the installation requirements; 2) it serves as a reference point to aid developers in implementing TrackBack in their own systems. This tool is a single CGI script that accepts TrackBack pings through HTTP requests, stores the pings locally in the filesystem, and can return a list of pings either in RSS or in a browser-viewable format. It can also be used to send pings to other sites.
It is released under the Artistic License. The terms of the Artistic License are described at http://www.perl.com/language/misc/Artistic.html.
The first four are core modules as of perl 5.6.0, I believe, and LWP is installed on most hosts. Furthermore LWP is only required if you wish to send TrackBack pings.
Installation of the standalone TrackBack tool is very simple. It's just one CGI script, tb.cgi, along with two text files that define the header and footer HTML for the public list of TrackBack pings.
You'll need to edit the script to change the $DataDir, $RSSDir, and $Password settings.
BE SURE TO CHANGE THE $Password BEFORE INSTALLING THE TOOL.
$DataDir is the path to the directory where the TrackBack data files will be stored; $RSSDir is the path to the directory where the static RSS files will be generated; $Password is your secret password that will allow you to delete TrackBack pings, when logged in.
After setting $DataDir and $RSSDir, you'll need to create both of these directories and make them writeable by the user running the CGI scripts. In most cases, this means that you must set the permissions on these directories to 777.
After editing the settings, upload tb.cgi, header.txt, and footer.txt in ASCII mode to your webserver into a directory where you can run CGI scripts. Set the permissions on tb.cgi to 755.
where http://yourserver.com/cgi-bin/tb.cgi is the URL where you installed tb.cgi. Fill out the fields in the form, then press Send.
You'll need to change http://yourserver.com/cgi-bin/tb.cgi to the proper URL for tb.cgi on your server. And, depending on the weblogging tool that you use, you'll need to change [TrackBack ID] to a unique post ID. See the conversion table below to determine the proper tag to use for the tool that you use, to generate a unique post ID.
TrackBack uses RDF embedded within your web page to auto-discover TrackBack-enabled entries on your pages. It also uses this information when building a threaded list of a cross-weblog "discussion". For these purposes, it is useful to embed the RDF into your page.
As above, the tags that you should use for [TrackBack ID], [Entry Title], and [Entry Permalink] all depend on the weblogging tool that you are using. See the conversion table below.
Thanks to Rael for this list of conversions.
Like Movable Type's TrackBack implementation, this standalone script can be used to power a distributed content repository. The value of the tb_id parameter does not necessarily have to be an integer, because all it is used for is a filename (note that this is not true of most other TrackBack implementations). For example, if you run a site about cats, and want to have a way for users to ping your site with entries they write about their own cats, you could set up a TrackBack URL like http://www.foo.com/bar/tb.cgi?tb_id=cats, then give that URL out on your site. End users could then associate this URL with a Cats category in their own blog, and ping you whenever they wrote about cats.
You can use this simple implementation as a building block, or a guide, for implementing TrackBack in your own system. It illustrates the core functionality of the TrackBack framework, onto which you could add bells and whistles (IP banning, password-protected TrackBacks, etc).
This TrackBack tool requires that the end user have the ability to run CGI scripts on their server. For many users (eg BlogSpot users), this is not an option. For such users, a centralized system (based on this tool, perhaps) would be ideal.