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US20160053946A1 - Apparatus and method for generating air pressure in eco-friendly vehicle - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for generating air pressure in eco-friendly vehicle Download PDF
US20160053946A1 US14/932,360 US201514932360A US2016053946A1 US 20160053946 A1 US20160053946 A1 US 20160053946A1 US 201514932360 A US201514932360 A US 201514932360A US 2016053946 A1 US2016053946 A1 US 2016053946A1
Sanghyu Lee
Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Corp
Kia Motors Corp
2012-09-19 Priority to KR1020120104000A priority Critical patent/KR20140037625A/en
2012-09-19 Priority to KR10-2012-0104000 priority
2012-11-29 Priority to US13/688,322 priority patent/US9206793B2/en
2015-11-04 Application filed by Hyundai Motor Co, Kia Motors Corp filed Critical Hyundai Motor Co
2015-11-04 Priority to US14/932,360 priority patent/US20160053946A1/en
2016-02-25 Publication of US20160053946A1 publication Critical patent/US20160053946A1/en
Status Abandoned legal-status Critical Current
239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
230000001603 reducing Effects 0.000 description 2
230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000003247 decreasing Effects 0.000 description 1
230000001419 dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
230000002708 enhancing Effects 0.000 description 1
230000003287 optical Effects 0.000 description 1
238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
B60K17/28—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or type of power take-off
F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
F17D1/065—Arrangements for producing propulsion of gases or vapours
F17D1/07—Arrangements for producing propulsion of gases or vapours by compression
B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
B60W10/24—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means
F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
F04B17/05—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by internal-combustion engines
F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
F04B35/002—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for driven by internal combustion engines
F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
F04B41/06—Combinations of two or more pumps
Disclosed herein is an apparatus for generating air pressure in an eco-friendly vehicle that includes an engine driven air compressor operated by an engine, an electric air compressor operated by a battery, and an air tank connected to an outlet of the engine driven air compressor and to an outlet of the electric air compressor so as to store air which is pressurized. A method for generating air pressure in an eco-friendly vehicle includes an operation start air pressure determination step to compare air pressure in the air tank with operation start air pressure, an engine drive determination step to determine whether or not the engine is being operated when the air pressure is less than the operation start air pressure, an electric air compressor operation step to operate the electric air compressor, and an engine driven air compressor operation step to operate the engine driven air compressor accordingly.
This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2012-0104000, filed on Sep. 19, 2012, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for generating air pressure in an eco-friendly vehicle; and, particularly, to an apparatus and a method for generating air pressure in an eco-friendly vehicle that is configured to allow an engine driven air compressor and an electric air compressor to be optionally or alternately operated depending on a traveling state of a vehicle and whether or not a voltage system is operating normally in an eco-friendly vehicle equipped with an engine and a high voltage battery.
Often times a vehicle, particularly a commercial vehicle such as a bus, a truck, or a special purpose vehicle, is mounted with an air compressor which is operated by an engine, to provide air pressure required for operation of additional auxiliary devices in the vehicle.
In the vehicle driven by an engine as described above, since the engine is always driven during traveling of the vehicle, the air compressor can only be operated when the engine is currently being operated. In recent years, however, eco-friendly vehicles have begun to emerge in which the engine is not always running, such as a hybrid vehicle. In hybrid vehicles, the vehicle is provided power from both an engine and an electric motor.
As more and more research is conducted on hybrid vehicles, the running time of the engine continually decreases whereas operating time of the motor increases, due to development in technologies for a battery and charging thereof. Also, given the development of plug-in hybrid vehicles, vehicles are becoming even less dependent upon the engine to provide a drive force. Accordingly, a phenomenon has occurred in which air pressure which is required by a variety of devices of the vehicle has decreased due to reductions in operating times of an engine.
Since a decrease of air pressure causes limitations on operations of a variety of special devices including the brakes and the suspension, which are necessary component in order to operate the vehicle, engine is often operated merely to provide air pressure to these components even when operation of the motor alone would suffice.
Such a problem is also an issue even in an RE-EV (Range Extended Electric Vehicle) equipped with a charging-dedicated engine to increase a traveling range while being operated by electric power charged to mainly a high voltage battery among electric vehicles, besides the hybrid vehicle.
An exemplary embodiment of the present invention is directed to an apparatus and a method for generating air pressure in an eco-friendly vehicle having installed an engine driven air compressor operated by an engine and an electric air compressor operated by a motor, and allowing the engine driven air compressor and the electric air compressor to be optionally/alternatively operated depending on a traveling condition of a vehicle, thereby enhancing fuel efficiency of the vehicle together with reducing a drive time of the engine conventionally necessary to generate air pressure.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention can be understood by the following description, and become apparent with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Also, it is obvious to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains that the objects and advantages of the present invention can be realized by the means as claimed and combinations thereof.
In accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus for generating air pressure in an eco-friendly vehicle includes an engine driven air compressor configured to be operated by an engine, an electric air compressor configured to be operated by a battery, and an air tank configured to be connected to an outlet of the engine driven air compressor and to an outlet of the electric air compressor to store air pressurized generated by the engine driven air compressor and the electric air compressor, wherein the engine driven air compressor is operated when the engine is driven, and wherein the electric air compressor is operated when the engine is not being driven.
The apparatus for generating air pressure in an eco-friendly vehicle may further include check valves configured to be respectively provided at an outlet side of the engine driven air compressor and at an outlet side of the electric air compressor to control the air pressurized by the engine driven air compressor or the electric air compressor supplied to the air tank.
In accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a method for generating air pressure in an eco-friendly vehicle includes determining operation start air pressure to compare air pressure in an air tank with operation start air pressure which is configured so that an engine driven air compressor or an electric air compressor is operated, determining engine drive to determine whether or not an engine mounted to a vehicle is driven when the air pressure in the air tank is less than the operation start air pressure, operating the electric air compressor when the engine is not being driven at the determining engine drive, operating the engine driven air compressor when the engine is being driven at the determining engine drive, and determining operation completion air pressure to compare the air pressure in the air tank with operation completion air pressure which is configured so that an operation of the engine driven air compressor or the electric air compressor is stopped after operating the electric air compressor or the operating the engine driven air compressor accordingly.
The method for generating air pressure in an eco-friendly vehicle may further include determining an electric air compressor error to determine whether or not the electric air compressor is operating normally after determining that the engine is not being driven, wherein the electric air compressor may be operated when the electric air compressor is operating normally, and the engine driven air compressor may be operated when the electric air compressor is operating abnormally.
The method for generating air pressure in an eco-friendly vehicle of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention may further include determining a high voltage system error to determine whether or not a high voltage system of the vehicle is normally operating once the electric air compressor is determined as being normally operating. More specifically, the electric air compressor may be operated when the high voltage system is operating normally, and the engine driven air compressor may be operated when the high voltage system is operating abnormally.
The method for generating air pressure in an eco-friendly vehicle of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention may further include determining a low voltage system error to determine whether or not a low voltage system of the vehicle is operating normally when the high voltage system is determined as being operated normally. More specifically, the electric air compressor may be operated when the low voltage system is operating normally, and the operating the engine driven air compressor may be executed when the low voltage system is operating abnormally.
The operation of the engine driven air compressor or the electric air compressor may be stopped when the air pressure in the air tank is equal to or greater than an operation completion air pressure; and the process may return to the determining whether the engine is being driven when the air pressure in the air tank is less than the operation completion air pressure.
Additionally, the operation completion air pressure may be configured to be higher than the operation start air pressure.
The above and other features of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to certain exemplary embodiments thereof illustrated the accompanying drawings which are given hereinbelow by way of illustration only, and thus are not limitative of the present invention, and wherein:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus for generating air pressure in an eco-friendly vehicle in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a method for generating air pressure in an eco-friendly vehicle in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention may, however, be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art. Throughout the disclosure, like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the various figures and embodiments of the present invention. The drawings are not necessarily to scale and in some instances, proportions may have been exaggerated in order to clearly illustrate features of the embodiments.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It is understood that the term "vehicle" or "vehicular" or other similar term as used herein is inclusive of motor vehicles in general such as passenger automobiles including sports utility vehicles (SUV), buses, trucks, various commercial vehicles, watercraft including a variety of boats and ships, aircraft, and the like, and includes hybrid vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, and other vehicles which include both an engine and a motor to power the vehicle. As referred to herein, a hybrid vehicle is a vehicle that has two or more sources of power, for example both gasoline-powered and electric-powered vehicles.
Additionally, it is understood that the below methods are executed by at least one controller. The term controller refers to a hardware device that includes a memory and a processor. The memory is configured to store the modules and the processor is specifically configured to execute said modules to perform one or more processes which are described further below.
Furthermore, the control logic of the present invention may be embodied as non-transitory computer readable media on a computer readable medium containing executable program instructions executed by a processor, controller or the like. Examples of the computer readable mediums include, but are not limited to, ROM, RAM, compact disc (CD)-ROMs, magnetic tapes, floppy disks, flash drives, smart cards and optical data storage devices. The computer readable recording medium can also be distributed in network coupled computer systems so that the computer readable media is stored and executed in a distributed fashion, e.g., by a telematics server or a Controller Area Network (CAN).
Hereinafter, an apparatus for generating air pressure in an eco-friendly vehicle in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The apparatus for generating air pressure in an eco-friendly vehicle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes an engine driven air compressor 12 operated by an engine 11, an electric air compressor 13 which is operated independently of the engine driven air compressor 12 and is operated by a battery mounted in the vehicle, an air tank 15 to store air pressurized by the engine driven air compressor 12 and the electric air compressor 13, and check valves 16 a and 16 b which are installed on outlet sides of the respective engine driven air compressor 12 and electric air compressor 13.
The engine driven air compressor 12 is operated by the engine 11 to generate air pressure required by components installed in the vehicle. An air compressor installed in a typical vehicle may be utilized as the engine driven air compressor 12. The engine driven air compressor 12 is mechanically connected to the engine 11. Accordingly, when the engine 11 is operated, the engine driven air compressor 12 is operated by the engine 11 and discharges the pressurized air.
Unlike the engine driven air compressor 12, the electric air compressor 13 is operated by electric power supplied from the battery independently of operation of the engine 11 so as to generate the air pressure. That is, since the electric air compressor 13 is operated regardless of the operation of the engine 11, the electric air compressor 13 may generate the air pressure required for operations of a variety of components within the vehicle by discharging the pressurized air even while the engine 11 is not being operated.
The air tank 15 stores the pressurized air which is supplied from the engine driven air compressor 12 and the electric air compressor 13. The air tank 15 is connected to the engine driven air compressor 12 and the electric air compressor 13 through pipes, thereby allowing the air pressurized by the engine driven air compressor 12 and the electric air compressor 13 to be introduced into the air tank 15. That is, the pipes, which are connected to the outlet sides of the respective engine driven air compressor 12 and electric air compressor 13, are joined to each other and connected to the air tank 15.
In this case, the check valves 16 a and 16 b are provided at the outlets of the engine driven air compressor 12 and the electric air compressor 13, respectively, in order to optionally/alternatively transfer the pressurized air to the air tank 15. That is, the check valve 16 a is provided at the outlet side of the engine driven air compressor 12, whereas the check valve 16 b is provided at the outlet side of the electric air compressor 13. The check valve 16 a which is connected to the engine driven air compressor 12 is opened so that the engine driven air compressor 12 communicates with the air tank 15 during discharge of the pressurized air by an operation of the engine driven air compressor 12. On the other hand, the check valve 16 b which is connected to the electric air compressor 13 is opened so that the electric air compressor 13 communicates with the air tank 15 during an operation of the electric air compressor 13, resulting in pressurized air being collected in the air tank 15 so as to maintain a proper air pressure.
The check valves 16 a and 16 b are opened when a pressure is equal to or greater than a preset value is applied. Thus, each of the check valves 16 a and 16 b may be provided to be mechanically opened when the engine driven air compressor 12 or the electric air compressor 13 is operated.
In addition, the check valve 16 a or 16 b may also be opened by a controller, for example, an HCU (Hybrid Control Unit) 17 when the engine driven air compressor 12 or the electric air compressor 13 is operated.
Meanwhile, the air tank 15 may be provided, at a front end thereof, with an APU (Air Pressure Unit) 14 to remove moisture contained in the pressurized air which is introduced into the air tank 15. Furthermore, the APU 14 also may be configured to adjust a pressure of and remove impurities from the pressurized air, in addition to removing the moisture of the pressurized air.
The engine driven air compressor 12, the electric air compressor 13, and the check valves 16 a and 16 b may all be controlled by a controller installed in the vehicle. The controller controls operation of the engine driven air compressor 12 and the electric air compressor 13 based on the current operational state of the vehicle (i.e., whether or not engine is being operated or not, whether the battery is operating normally, etc.).
For example, the HCU 17 may be utilized as the controller in the illustrative embodiment of the present invention. The HCU 17 may be configured to allow the operation of the engine driven air compressor 12 or the electric air compressor 13 based on the current operational state of the vehicle by executing one more continuously running processes embedded as logic and executed by a processor.
Hereinafter, a method for generating air pressure in an eco-friendly vehicle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The method for generating air pressure in an eco-friendly vehicle in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes an operation start air pressure determination step S110 that compares air pressure in the air tank 15 with operation start air pressure which is set so that the engine driven air compressor 12 or the electric air compressor 13 is operated accordingly. An engine drive determination step S120 determines whether or not the engine 11 mounted within the vehicle is currently being driven when the air pressure in the air tank 15 is less than the operation start air pressure. Then an electric air compressor operation step S160 operates the electric air compressor 13 when the engine 11 is not being driven/operated, and an engine driven air compressor operation step S170 operates the engine driven air compressor 12 when the engine 11 is being driven/operated. Next, an operation completion air pressure determination step S180 compares the air pressure in the air tank 15 with operation completion air pressure which is set so that an operation of the engine driven air compressor 12 or the electric air compressor 13 is stopped after executing the electric air compressor operation step S160 or the engine driven air compressor operation step S170.
During the operation start air pressure determination step S110, the air pressure in the air tank 15 is compared with the operation start air pressure which is set so that the engine driven air compressor 12 or the electric air compressor 13 are operated as a result of the air pressure in the tank falling below a certain value. If the air pressure in the air tank 15 measured at the operation start air pressure determination step S110 is less than the operation start air pressure, the air pressure to operate the various devices of the vehicle would be insufficient. Accordingly, since the air pressure in the air tank 15 should be increased by supply of the pressurized air into the air tank 15, the processes described below are executed to operate the engine driven air compressor 12 or the electric air compressor 13. When, however, the air pressure in the air tank 15 measured at the operation start air pressure determination step S110 is equal to or greater than the operation start air pressure, there is no need to supply the air into the air tank 15. Therefore, the process is not initiated.
The engine drive determination step S120 determines whether or not the engine 11 is being operated in order to determine whether the engine driven air compressor 12 or the electric air compressor 13 should be operated. That is, when the engine 11 is being operated, the air pressure is generated using power of the engine 11, whereas when the engine 11 is not being driven, the air pressure is generated using electric power charged to the battery instead of the engine 11. Therefore, the electric air compressor operation step S160 and the engine driven air compressor operation step S170 to be described later are optionally/alternatively executed depending on whether or not the engine 11 is being operated or not.
The electric air compressor operation step S160 is executed when the engine 11 is not currently being operated. In a state where the engine 11 is not being operated, the electric air compressor 13 is operated using the electric power supplied from the battery of the vehicle. Thus, the air pressure is generated by the electric air compressor 13 even while engine 11 is not operating.
Furthermore, in some exemplary embodiments of the present invention it may be preferable to ascertain whether or not a state of the electric air compressor 13 and high and low voltage system of the vehicle are operating normally before operating the electric air compressor 13 at the electric air compressor operation step S160. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, an electric air compressor error determination step S130, a high voltage system error determination step S140, and a low voltage system error determination step S150 may be executed between the engine drive determination step S120 and the electric air compressor operation step S160.
In particular, the electric air compressor error determination step S130 determines whether or not the electric air compressor 13 is operating normally before operating the electric air compressor 13 mounted to the vehicle. The air pressure in the air tank 15 is generated through the electric air compressor 13 only when the electric air compressor 13 is a operating normally state based on the determined state of the electric air compressor 13.
When the electric air compressor 13 is determined as being in an abnormal operational state, the air pressure in the air tank 15 can not be increased via the electric air compressor 13. Therefore, the engine driven air compressor operation step S170 to be described later is executed to operate the engine driven air compressor 12.
The high voltage system error determination step S140 determines whether or not the high voltage system of the vehicle is operating normally, which is used to supply an electric source to a motor used for the drive of the vehicle. That is, it is determined whether or not the high voltage system, for example, a high voltage battery, a high voltage battery managing system, an LDC (Low DC/DC Converter), an inverter, or the like, which supplies the electric source to the motor used for the traveling of the vehicle in the eco-friendly vehicle is operating normally. The electric air compressor 13 is operated via a high voltage so normal operation of these systems is quintessential. Accordingly, when the electric air compressor 13 is to be operated while the engine 11 is not running, there is a limitation on the amount of time the electric air compressor 13 can be operated effectively without over utilizing the power from the battery. Accordingly, the operation time of the electric air compressor 13 may be sufficiently secured by determining whether or not the high voltage system is operating normally.
If the high voltage system is determined to be operating normally at the high voltage system error determination step S140, the process to operate the electric air compressor 13 is continually performed. When the high voltage system is determined to be operating abnormally at the high voltage system error determination step S140, the engine driven air compressor operation step S170 is executed because it is difficult to operate the electric air compressor 13 under these conditions.
The low voltage system error determination step S150 determines whether or not the low voltage system of the vehicle is operating normally. Here, the low voltage system represents an electric system of the typical vehicle driven only by the engine, and is understood to include the entire electrical system except for the high voltage system.
The electric air compressor 13 may be operated when the low voltage system is determined as being operating normally at the low voltage system error determination step S150. However, if the low voltage system is operating abnormally, the engine driven air compressor operation step S170 is executed since the electric air compressor 13 should not be operated under these conditions.
The engine driven air compressor operation step S170 is executed when the engine 11 is determined as being driven at the engine drive determination step S120. Moreover, the engine driven air compressor operation step S170 is executed when the electric air compressor 13 is determined as being operating abnormally at the electric air compressor error determination step S130, the high voltage system of the vehicle is determined as being operating abnormally at the high voltage system error determination step S140, or the low voltage system of the vehicle is determined as being operating abnormally at the low voltage system error determination step S150. In this step 170, the engine may either be turned back on to supply power to the engine driven air compressor or the process may wait until the engine is operating again in due course to supply the air to the pressurized air tank. However, it is preferable that the engine be turned back on instantaneously.
At the engine driven air compressor operation step S170, the engine driven air compressor 12 is operated using the power from the engine 11 which is being driven, thereby generating the air pressure using a portion of the power drawn from the engine 11 which is being driven without using the electric power provided from the battery.
The operation completion air pressure determination step S180 determines whether or not there is sufficient the air pressure in the air tank 15 which is increased depending on the operations of the electric air compressor 13 and the engine driven air compressor 12. When the air pressure in the air tank 15 is sufficient, the operation of the electric air compressor 13 or the engine driven air compressor 12 is stopped. On the other hand, when the air pressure in the air tank 15 is insufficient, it ascertains whether or not the air pressure in the air tank 15 is sufficient since the electric air compressor 13 or the engine driven air compressor 12 should be continually operated so that the air pressure in the air tank 15 is sufficiently increased.
At the operation completion air pressure determination step S180, the air pressure in the air tank 15 is compared with the operation completion air pressure which is set so that the operation of the electric air compressor 13 or the engine driven air compressor 12 is stopped. When the air pressure in the air tank 15 is equal to or greater than the operation completion air pressure, the operation of the electric air compressor 13 or the engine driven air compressor 12 is stopped because the air pressure in the air tank 15 is sufficiently increased. Since the air pressure in the air tank 15 is already sufficiently pressurized to stably operate the various devices of the vehicle, the operation of the electric air compressor 13 or the engine driven air compressor 12 is terminated because the air pressure in the air tank 15 need not be increased any more.
On the other hand, when the air pressure in the air tank 15 is less than the operation completion air pressure, the operation of the electric air compressor 13 or the engine driven air compressor 12 is continually operated since the air pressure in the air tank 15 insufficiently pressurized. That is, when the air pressure in the air tank 15 is less than the operation completion air pressure, the process returns to the engine drive determination step S120 and the above-mentioned processes are repeated so that the electric air compressor 13 or the engine driven air compressor 12 is operated to increase the air pressure in the air tank 15.
In this case, the operation completion air pressure is set to be higher than the operation start air pressure, thereby maintaining the air pressure in the air tank 15 between the operation start air pressure and the operation completion air pressure.
In accordance with an apparatus and a method for generating air pressure in an eco-friendly vehicle according to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, an engine driven air compressor and an electric air compressor are optionally/alternatively operated depending on a traveling state of a vehicle and whether or not a high voltage system and a low voltage system are operating normally, and thus does not unnecessarily operate an engine in order to merely operate the engine driven air compressor due to a decrease in air pressure unless absolutely necessary.
In addition, since the engine can be run less, fuel efficiency of the vehicle may be enhanced. Furthermore, since the air pressure of the vehicle may be always maintained above a certain level, a variety of devices of the vehicle may be stably operated.
While the present invention has been described with respect to the specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
1. An apparatus for generating air pressure in an eco-friendly vehicle, comprising:
an engine driven air compressor configured to be operated by an engine;
an electric air compressor configured to be operated by a battery; and
an air tank configured to be connected to an outlet of the engine driven air compressor and to an outlet of the electric air compressor to store air pressurized by the engine driven air compressor and the electric air compressor,
wherein a controller operates the engine driven air compressor when the engine is being operated, and operates the electric air compressor when the engine is not being operated.
2. The apparatus for generating air pressure in an eco-friendly vehicle of claim 1, further comprising:
check valves configured to be respectively provided at an outlet side of the engine driven air compressor and at an outlet side of the electric air compressor to control the air pressurized by the engine driven air compressor or the electric air compressor supplied to the air tank.
3-8. (canceled)
9. A non-transitory computer readable medium containing program instructions executed by a controller, the computer readable medium comprising:
program instructions that compare an air pressure in an air tank with an operation start air pressure;
program instructions that determine whether an engine is being operated or not in response to determining that the air pressure in the air tank is less than the operation start air pressure;
program instructions that operate the electric air compressor in response to determining that the engine is not being operated;
program instructions that operate the engine driven air compressor in response to determining that the engine is being operating;
program instructions that determine whether an operation completion air pressure has been reached by comparing the air pressure in the air tank with operation completion air pressure; and
program instructions that terminate operation of either the engine driven air compressor or the electric driven air compressor, depending upon which was previously operating, in response to the air pressure in the air tank reaching the operation completion pressure.
US14/932,360 2012-09-19 2015-11-04 Apparatus and method for generating air pressure in eco-friendly vehicle Abandoned US20160053946A1 (en)
KR1020120104000A KR20140037625A (en) 2012-09-19 2012-09-19 Apparatus and method for generating air-pressure in eco-friendly vehicle
KR10-2012-0104000 2012-09-19
US13/688,322 US9206793B2 (en) 2012-09-19 2012-11-29 Apparatus and method for generating air pressure in eco-friendly vehicle
US14/932,360 US20160053946A1 (en) 2012-09-19 2015-11-04 Apparatus and method for generating air pressure in eco-friendly vehicle
Related Parent Applications (1)
US13/688,322 Division US9206793B2 (en) 2012-09-19 2012-11-29 Apparatus and method for generating air pressure in eco-friendly vehicle
US20160053946A1 true US20160053946A1 (en) 2016-02-25
US13/688,322 Active 2033-09-30 US9206793B2 (en) 2012-09-19 2012-11-29 Apparatus and method for generating air pressure in eco-friendly vehicle
US14/932,360 Abandoned US20160053946A1 (en) 2012-09-19 2015-11-04 Apparatus and method for generating air pressure in eco-friendly vehicle
Family Applications Before (1)
KR (1) KR20140037625A (en)
DE (1) DE102012222538A1 (en)
EP2708429B1 (en) * 2012-09-12 2015-08-26 KNORR-BREMSE Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH Compressed air system for a motor vehicle
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JP4533761B2 (en) * 2005-01-19 2010-09-01 ナブテスコオートモーティブ株式会社 Compressed air supply device and compressed air supply method
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JP2010236711A (en) 2009-03-30 2010-10-21 Osaka Gas Co Ltd Power generating-air conditioning system
KR20100115643A (en) 2009-04-20 2010-10-28 고상오 Method and system for controlling vehicle air conditioner
CN102358168A (en) * 2011-09-05 2012-02-22 斯养武 Aerodynamic system of automobile
2012-09-19 KR KR1020120104000A patent/KR20140037625A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
2012-11-15 JP JP2012250875A patent/JP6272641B2/en active Active
2012-12-07 DE DE102012222538.2A patent/DE102012222538A1/en not_active Withdrawn
2015-11-04 US US14/932,360 patent/US20160053946A1/en not_active Abandoned
KR20140037625A (en) 2014-03-27
DE102012222538A1 (en) 2014-03-20
US20160053946A1 (en) 2016-02-25 Apparatus and method for generating air pressure in eco-friendly vehicle
US10266067B2 (en) 2019-04-23 Method and system for controlling voltage of fuel cell in stop-mode of fuel cell vehicle
US20140121870A1 (en) 2014-05-01 System for controlling e-4wd hybrid electricity vehicle and method thereof
US9379568B2 (en) 2016-06-28 Method and apparatus for controlling charge of a low-voltage battery
US9667081B2 (en) 2017-05-30 Battery charging system using charger and driving control method of the charger thereof
US20120187919A1 (en) 2012-07-26 Battery charging system for a hybrid electric vehicle
US20140148991A1 (en) 2014-05-29 Method and system for diagnosing failure of oil pressure sensor
US9475490B2 (en) 2016-10-25 Method and system for controlling hybrid vehicle
US9180785B2 (en) 2015-11-10 System and method of controlling low-voltage DC/DC converter for electric vehicle
US10913375B2 (en) 2021-02-09 Apparatus and method for power demand distribution in fuel cell vehicle
JP2009166532A (en) 2009-07-30 Vehicular power source system
US20150005999A1 (en) 2015-01-01 System and method for controlling driving mode of hybrid vehicle
US9242575B2 (en) 2016-01-26 Method and system for controlling a fuel cell vehicle
US9929579B2 (en) 2018-03-27 Method and apparatus for controlling charging of low voltage battery
US10272797B2 (en) 2019-04-30 Method and system for controlling charging of low-voltage battery
CN106208178B (en) 2020-09-11 Battery charging apparatus and method for electric vehicle
CN106274894B (en) 2020-02-18 Apparatus and method for controlling operation mode of hybrid vehicle
EP3103694B1 (en) 2020-03-18 Apparatus and method for controlling mode change of hybrid electric vehicle
CN105730434B (en) 2020-01-10 System and method for controlling charging of hybrid vehicle
US11135926B2 (en) 2021-10-05 System and method for controlling charging of plug-in vehicle
US20140176081A1 (en) 2014-06-26 Boost control method and system for boost converter
US9579984B1 (en) 2017-02-28 Control method of low voltage DC-DC converter for hybrid vehicle
CN107640032B (en) 2021-10-01 Restart system, controller and restart method for fuel cell vehicle
US20200369156A1 (en) 2020-11-26 Braking control system and method for vehicle
2017-08-21 STCB Information on status: application discontinuation
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION


text:
Q: Getting a 404 error with THREE.ImageUtils.loadTexture and three.js I'm trying to load a 3D model and use three.js for the first time.  I keep running into an error loading the textures.
loader.load('models/asteroid_OBJ/asteroid OBJ.js', function (geometry, materials) {
  var material = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({
    //map: THREE.ImageUtils.loadTexture('models/asteroid_OBJ/Map__4_Mix.tga'),
    //map: THREE.ImageUtils.loadTexture('models/asteroid_OBJ/Map__12_Cellular.tga'),
    //map: THREE.ImageUtils.loadTexture('models/asteroid_OBJ/Map__15_Noise.tga'),

    colorAmbient: [0.480000026226044, 0.480000026226044, 0.480000026226044],
    colorDiffuse: [0.480000026226044, 0.480000026226044, 0.480000026226044],
    colorSpecular: [0.8999999761581421, 0.8999999761581421, 0.8999999761581421]
  });

If I comment out the loadTextures the image loads properly, and functions.  If I don't, the image does not show up.  Either way, I get this error:
GET http://localhost:8080/models/asteroid_OBJ/-bm%200.800000%20Map__4_Mix.tga 404 (Not Found)

As far as I can tell the textures are in the correct directory aside asteroid OBJ.js

A: When i get this error, it is because i have forgotten to register .tga as a file extension in my Web.config file. Your Web.config file should look something like this:
<system.webServer>
             <staticContent>
                    <mimeMap fileExtension=".obj" mimeType="application/octet-stream" />
                    <mimeMap fileExtension=".tga" mimeType="application/octet-stream" />

             </staticContent>
</system.webServer>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
Missing the ' look at ' verb so much that it actually hurts (a bit) Why?
By kringel, January 26, 2014 in DFA: Discussion and Feedback
kringel
Because I want to know what my character thinks. For example, I want to "look at" Vella's parents and I want to hear what she thinks about them. What her thoughts and feelings are. Not always direct interaction. This is not some nostalgia about the interface. It's really about character's depth (ok, which it achieved otherwise in Broken Age, but could have been so much more).
The "look at" verb had been the source of tons of tons dialogue/monologue lines. A "look at" verb is hard work. I hope it hadn't been ditched because there wasn't enough time left.
Also I want to get stuck in adventure games. When I got stuck I had a good time with the "look at" verb examining the world and getting little hints and getting to know my character better. It always felt like really diving into a world. Frustration was little, because there was always something new to discover. Thanks to the "look at" verb. It was a strategy of: "Don't rush. You're doing it wrong. Why not REALLY discover this fantastic world and your character a bit more?"
However I appreciate that Broken Age is not as difficult as e.g. "Grim Fandango", because back in the days I was too quick looking for online solutions and walkthroughs. I still hate myself because I did that. So let's say I want to get stuck in adventure games _sometimes_. By the way this is where the "nostalgia" came from. It's not about the game itself that much, it's about that we remember the times, when we were sitting at school and thinking about how to solve this damn puzzle. That is why we related to the old school adventure games so much.
Congratulations to this great game from a slacker backer! This has been a presentation of costructive criticism and feedback.
PS: Hey, how about implementing the "look at" verb afterwards? There's still time. (Now I really hope that Elijah Wood also misses this verb.) A compromise just for tablets, compromising the main platforms as Windows, Mac and Linux, this thought really makes me sad a little bit. Tablet user could easily tab a verb grid (like an even simplified versions of the verbs in "Full Throttle") and then they could easily click on one of the 1-2 or 3 verbs. Agan, this is not about verbs, it's about I want to get to know my character much *more*!
serjay
Yep, spot on.
I hope my English is ok enough. Otherwise you can read something about this here:
http://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2014/01/16/wot-i-think-broken-age/
A single-click interface strips out so, so many options for imaginative ideas. It's a game designed to be tapped on by a finger, not clicked on with a two-buttoned mouse, and with that goes an enormous amount of potential. And most problematic is the loss of "look at". Taking this away, and replacing it with a single cursor that might pick something up, use something, talk to it, or perhaps look at it, is very detaching. It takes away a big part of what point and click adventures are about, and it's a loss I felt heavily as I played.
And a very well done review in German. Let me translate the best line:
But to be honest: F*** interaction/interface! F*** too easy puzzle design! If a games feels and looks SO good as Broken Age does!
http://superlevel.de/spiele/broken-age/
Nicht jeder Abschied von Genre-Konventionen ist im ersten Akt von Broken Age so gut gelungen. Der Cursor etwa kennt für Interaktionen nur einen Zustand, eine "Betrachten"-Funktion gibt es nicht. Das verkürzt nicht nur die Spielzeit, es sorgt auch schnell für Enttäuschung. Schließlich gibt es hier so viel zu entdecken und zu bestaunen, über das ich gerne mehr wüsste. Außerdem bleibt mir so die Gedankenwelt von Shay und Vella weitgehend verschlossen. Zum Beispiel wüsste ich gerne, was Vella über ihre Mutter oder ihren Vater denkt. Immerhin wollen die beiden ihre eigene Tochter in den Tod schicken. Doch das Anklicken von Personen führt sofort zum Dialog statt zur Reflexion aus der Distanz. Über Shays und Vellas Haltung und Motivation kann ich deshalb oft nur spekulieren, trotz schöner Dialoge und einer liebevollen Charaktergestaltung bleiben beide ein bisschen seelenlos.
It says: "Not all good-byes to the old school conventions of the genre work out that well. The cursor only recognizes one single option for interaction, there is no "look at" option. This not only reduces playtime, it also leads to some disappointment. Because ultimately there is so much to discover, so much to be amazed at, to marvel by, ... about all of which I would like to know so much more [but can't]. As well this prevents me as a player (to a large degree) from really entering Shay's and Vella's world of thoughts. As an example I really would like to know about what Vella is thinking about her Mom or her Dad, after all they want to sent her own daughter to her death. BUT the clicking with the cursor on characters leads ultimately to dialogue only, instead of an option of hearing my character's reflection and thoughts out of a certain distance. [where the "look at" option did so well] That's why often I can only speculate about Vella's and Shay's motives and attitude. And despite of all the beautiful and nicely done dialogue and the really fondly/lovingly character design, both characters sadly remain *somewhat* soulless because of that."
clumpster
Since I wouldn't imagine a situation where you'll choose first the "Use" verb over the "Look" verb in a 2-verb interface, you could narrow-down the verb to the bare "Interact" verb IF it had the following behaviour:
if use_verb available in hotspot
look hotspot then execute use_verb function automatically and on any subsequent clicks.
But right now, I too feel that the interaction with the environment is minimal... on par with the Syberia 1/Still Life 1 games (and that's not a good thing) so with just a single verb you get a feeble feeling of interactivity.
Just my opinion.
I do miss the look button. I don't really care about the other verbs, I always thought they were overrated, but look is a nice one to have.
2 thoughts...
1) I do think there are more custom dialogue responses for using items on things than I remember from the old game. Every item at least had a generic response of its own (no 'I can't use those two things together' and a whole lot of the time trying something would result in a joke or a bit of dialogue that would otherwise be hidden, much more frequently than I remember from the old games. I'm getting a lot of mileage out of just doing that in the game.
2) I wonder if it's not too late to add 'look'. I know it's something that so many people want, and it seems to me it could be easily achievable in the interface, perhaps by having a look icon in the inventory screen, and optionally the ability to bind it to a mouse button or key. Obviously new dialogue would need to be written, but they'll be recording more anyway (and lots of items and things in the environment already have look responses), so I really think that it's a change that would be achievable as part of the Act 2 update. It might be too much to ask, but it just seems like something that is a relatively small change that could make a big improvement.
taumel
I'm sure if you a) really want to and b) invest some research (a few days) you can come up with a kick ass interface which gives you both complexity and comfort. Obviously you need to feed it with enough content as well.
But i also wouldn't have minded an old skool interface at all.
http://img5.fotos-hochladen.net/uploads/ix2vft1ejo9.png
I mentioned this earlier but perhaps some kind of `Looking like` item would help explain world better. Think of Bound Heart from Dishonored. It had a good function of highlighting runes and giving explanations. Though to be honest, playing Broken age and clicking everything gave me a lot of the feedback like going through a menu in Monkey Island... In fact it was easier.
Maybe getting some kind of permanent item that serves to highlight stuff AND give explanations of how you feel about certain people/stuff.
Optionally you could just make long presses or something count as look at.
RonJeno
I think "The Longest Journey" perfected the interface. The pointer was still context sensitive, so if the action is just "Look" all you have to do is click and you get April's comment about what she's looking at. But, if the object had other actions, like speak or use, it would present an icon that you right click, immediately revealing an eye (look), a mouth (speak), and a hand (use). This same interface was used to interact with items as well and using the right action on the right item could be part of the puzzle.
Super Action Beard
Missing the 'look at-option' as well, for all the reasons mentioned by Kringel. I'm afraid though it will be too much work to change that.
And yes, trying different items on each other and on people bring a lot of hidden jokes to light. I examined the inhibitor-thing while I was still standing next to Marek, and to my surprise got a funny little dialogue (probably it also works when you're somewhere else since Marek can hear what Shay says).
I really think it would be surprisingly little work for a couple of reasons that I mentioned before but will elaborate on here.
1) There already essentially is a look at verb for in-inventory items, which is made clearer by the new interface icon.
2) For a lot of the stuff in the world, look dialogue is already recorded - pretty much anything that you can click on in the game that you don't pick up, use or talk to has a 'look' type response when you click on it.
So with 1 and 2 in mind, the only extra dialogue they'd have to write and record is 'look' responses for
a) Characters
b) Stuff in the world where the click response is to 'use' (e.g. doorways, ladders, other such junk - most of it actually isn't that interesting to look at but a few jokes could be inserted) or stuff like the controls in Marek's room where you'd want to differentiate between looking at and ATTEMPTING to use.
Since they'll be recording more dialogue anyway, it might not be too bad to add that to the list and re-insert it into Act I, and write all the look dialogue for Act 2.
As for the interface, I think there is an easy potential solution - just have the look icon as an icon in the inventory popup, next to the character portrait, and have it work like any other inventory item. Maybe also make it able to bind to a key or mouse button, for those who want ready access to it. Maybe also have the cursor change to the 'look' icon by default if the interaction is going to be a look response, so the player doesn't waste time.
It's not a trivial amount of work, but I suspect it might be a good value for money change.
Yep. It's actually my one major gripe with the game, much more than the puzzles, which I've since softened on. "Looking at" things has provided me with some of my favourite comedic moments in adventure games, a recent one that comes to mind is Wilbur in the Book of Unwritten Tales where you keep "looking at" a chair many times over and he keeps telling you "it's a chair", "it's still a chair" et al, until finally he gets fed up and tells you "alright, it's not a chair. It's an elephant. A great, big white elephant." (Wilbur also has one of the most adorable accents ever, if people are still wondering why I liked that bit so much)
Moments like that I like, and there were some in this game too, with objects that you could ONLY look at, but there could have been SO MUCH more with the characters, and the interactable objects, and even some of the more interesting background items that are useless but would be great to just get a comment about.
I dunno...Many have complained that the simple puzzles have ruined the whole "old-school adventure game" factor for them, but I think having a "look at" button would have gone a long way to the game feeling MORE like an old-school game, even with the simpler puzzles.
That said, it's the perfect interface for anyone who has never- or hasn't in a long while- played an adventure game outside of Telltale. So I guess Double Fine made their choice in that regard.
Exploring a room and being able to look a stuff is part of the point & click adventure DNA.
As I mentioned above, I do agree that it'd be nice to have a 'look' (and potentially easier to add-in than it sounds)
However, I do think it's important not to exaggerate the problem.
I would say most items in the game you can already look at. Everything you can pick up, everything in the environment that is scenery or not directly usable, and even a lot of non-scenery objects (like the blow up doll after you put it into the bed). Windows, stuff on walls, loads of scenery and unusable objects, signs, inventory items, all of these things have 'look' style descriptions.
What's left are: Characters (who you'll talk to), objects that you want to use/pick up but are being prevented from for some reason (the sap on the ground, the perfume bottle, the computers in Marek's command room, the art piece on Curtis' wall and so on), and doors/ladders/exits to other areas.
It would be really lovely to have look descriptions for those too, and I'd kind of like an on-screen indicator or when you are 'looking' rather than interacting, when you hover over something. But there's less missing here than it initially appears.
As soon as you know what you would like to support, such as general purpose use and look at (with this comment character where you explicitly need to select an object to get some further personal insight) functionality, it's not a big deal coming up with a great interface for it as well. And the more items you have, the more variety and natural feeling this can add to the game, you shouldn't flood the player with items though, just a little bit more carefully selected ones.
I too miss the look at out. For PC it could be left click use / right click look at.
For tablet there could be a button in bottom right for "look at" - and of course as it is now, the whole game could be played without NEEDING that button. But totally agree that it's part of the experience.
Also wish there were more objects to look at. I was surprised even from the opening that I couldn't look at pictures on the wall in Vella's house, etc.
Total Action Forum Master
Kaptain Brawe works with a 1-click interface, where if you click an object, you can select "use" or "look at" with a 2nd click. Similar to the verb coin, but instead of hold->release it's click->click, which should work quite well on touchscreens.
tuluse
Action Newbie
Syberia also has a 1 click interfac where click 1 is look/select and click 2 is interact.
The game DESPERATELY needs at least a Look verb.
I'm pretty sure they decided on one-click autointeraction in order to make the game palatable to tablet users. I can think of other solutions, so I don't know why they decided on the shallow route.
It barely feels like an adventure game if the entirety of your interaction is CLICK->GAME TELLS YOU WHAT YOU DO.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Ian Henderson Black (27 March 1924 – 13 December 2012) was a Scottish professional footballer who made over 260 appearances in the Football League for Fulham as a goalkeeper. He also played for Southampton and was capped by Scotland at international level.

Club career
A goalkeeper, Black's early career with Aberdeen was disrupted by the Second World War, during which he made guest appearances for both Southampton and Chelsea and he won the South Final of the Football League War Cup with the latter. In December 1947 he was transferred to Second Division club Southampton for a £1,000 fee. In three seasons as a contracted player at The Dell, Black made 104 appearances.

In July 1950, Black transferred to First Division club Fulham, in exchange for Hugh Kelly and made 282 appearances for the club. In July 1959, he moved down to the Southern League to play for Bath City, with whom he won the Premier Division championship and the Somerset Premier Cup in 1959–60. After making 143 appearances, Black moved to Canterbury City and retired in 1964. After his retirement from football, Black served as youth team manager (and in 1966, as caretaker manager of the first team) at Brentford, as an advisor to Redhill and secretary at Tolworth.

International career
Black was capped once by Scotland, in a 2–0 defeat to England on 10 April 1948.

Personal life
Black served in the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers during the Second World War. After leaving football, Black ran a sports shop in Tolworth with former teammate Eddie Lowe and represented Surrey at bowls.

Statistics

Player

Manager

Honours
Bath City

 Southern League Premier Division: 1959–60

References

External links

1924 births
2012 deaths
Footballers from Aberdeen
Scottish footballers
Association football goalkeepers
Aberdeen F.C. players
Bath City F.C. players
Canterbury City F.C. players
Chelsea F.C. wartime guest players
Fulham F.C. players
Southampton F.C. players
Southampton F.C. wartime guest players
Scotland international footballers
English Football League players
Southern Football League players
Scottish Football League players
English Football League managers
Brentford F.C. managers
Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers soldiers
British Army personnel of World War II
Scottish football managers
Military personnel from Aberdeen

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Weekend rains a 'godsend' for some Weld farmers
Nate Miller
LaSalle-area farmer Glen Fritzler didn't hesitate to explain what this past weekend's rain meant to him.
"It was a godsend," he said. "It was absolutely the miracle we've been waiting for. It's obviously given us some much-needed moisture."
Between Friday night's storm and the rain that fell Saturday, the LaSalle area saw nearly 2 inches of rain, according to data compiled by the Community Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow Network. Precipitation totals varied widely across the county between the two storms, however, enough rain fell Saturday night near Dacono to prompt authorities close parts of Interstate 25 near Dacono. Colorado Department of Transportation crews reopened the southbound lanes early Sunday, and had the northbound lanes open late Saturday.
For farmers who have battled hot and dry conditions this spring and summer, the rain storms have offered welcome relief.
"It's filled the river and restored our surface water, temporarily," Fritzler said. "It did amazingly good things. The cooler temperatures allowed the crops not to consume as much water as they normally would have. There's so many benefits and absolutely no drawbacks."
However, many farmers, including Fritzler, already have had to abandon large parts of their acreage because of lack of water earlier in the year. In some cases, farmers have had to take as much as 65 percent of their crops out of production in an effort to ensure there is sufficient water to save the rest, Fritzler said.
Dave Eckhardt, who farms south of LaSalle, said he already has had to take about 400 acres of corn out of production. The weekend storms won't offer help to those crops.
"It will have a little bit of moisture when it finally dies," he said. "No matter what amount of water we put on it, it's dead.
Eckhardt said the rain will help his onions and sugar beets.
"Anything that was green when you drove by it before the rain came is going to love this," he said. "The biggest benefit is, if it was alive, you've built up some moisture in the soil again."
Fritzler and Eckhardt said the rain doesn't necessarily need to fall on their farms to help their crops. As long as it rains along the Front Range or in the mountains and helps keep the South Platte River full, that's virtually as good as a rain storm in the LaSalle area.
Jim Kalina, a meteorologist with the National Weather Service, said the chances for more rain in Weld diminish today and during the rest of the week, though temperatures will remain cool until Thursday and Friday, when they're likely to hit the mid-90s.
"Most of the wet weather is pretty much over with," he said. "It's definitely going to get hotter."
Long term, he said, it's difficult to say whether July will be wetter than usual or dry.
"The Climate Prediction Center, they give us an equal chance, it could go either way," he said.
Fritzler said while the weekend rain is welcome, more is needed.
"We're not home yet," he said. "The race isn't over. We've still got a long ways to go, and we can use some more timely rains."
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Police stopped Ulshen in Canton on Wednesday after he picked up a large shipment from a shipping company. Investigators executing a search warrant say they found 100 vacuum sealed bags of pot in the vehicle.
ASTORIA, Ore. (AP) — The cash-strapped Port of Astoria is considering charging fees to passing ships to raise money to maintain its aging infrastructure despite objections from the shipping industry.
PORTLAND, Maine (AP) — The head of Icelandic shipping company Eimskip is leaving that job to lead the company's North American division in Canada and the United States.
The company said Gylfi Sigfússon will move to the United States after stepping down from his current post at the end of the year. Andrew Haines will stay on as head of Eimskip USA.
Sigfússon ran the Eimskip's American and Canadian operations before he was tapped to restructure the company after the 2008 global financial crisis.
TRAVERSE CITY, Mich. (AP) — The U.S. Senate approved a compromise policy Wednesday on dumping ship ballast water in coastal ports and the Great Lakes, a practice blamed for spreading invasive species that damage the environment and the economy.
The company said a brewing trade war between the two had created uncertainty and could "reduce global container trade by 0.5 to 2.0 percent during 2019-2020".
Maersk's share price was down 1 percent in afternoon trading in Copenhagen.
PORTLAND, Maine (AP) — A federal judge has ordered a shipping company that illegally discharged wastewater to pay a $3.2 million criminal fine and institute an environmental compliance plan.
GENEVA (AP) — A Swiss shipping company said Monday that 12 crew members of a bulk carrier who were abducted by pirates more than five weeks ago near Nigeria have been released, as Polish authorities confirmed a new hostage-taking off the West African country's coast.
Massoel Shipping said the seven Filipinos, a Slovenian, a Ukrainian, a Romanian, a Croatian and a Bosnian who were abducted in September were freed on Saturday in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, and were in Switzerland before returning home.
BERLIN (AP) — A new island in Lake Constance. A river in Berlin flowing backward. Dead fish on the banks of lakes and ponds. Barges barely loaded so they don't run aground.
COPENHAGEN, Denmark (AP) — Denmark's A.P. Moller-Maersk, the world's biggest shipping group, said Friday that one its cargo vessels has successfully passed through the Russian Arctic on a one-off trial journey as a result of melting sea ice.
Palle Laursen, Maersk's chief technical officer, says "the trial allowed us to gain exceptional operational experience," adding the Venta Maersk and all systems aboard performed well in the unfamiliar environment.
BERLIN (AP) — A Swiss shipping company says it is in contact with pirates who have been holding hostage 12 crew members of a bulk carrier following a weekend attack off Nigeria's coast.
Massoel Shipping says "it is understood" that the MV Glarus crew members are together, well and unharmed.
A senior Russian diplomat has denounced the latest U.S. sanctions as baseless, saying they are based on "malicious insinuations."
LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) — A union representing UPS aircraft mechanics says it has won big pay raises, protected health benefits and improved retirement security in a tentative contract deal with the shipping company.
The union said Tuesday that the proposal sets "a new bar" for aircraft mechanics in the U.S. airline industry. The proposed contract covers 1,300 workers represented by Teamsters Local Union No. 2727, based in Louisville, Kentucky.
BISMARCK, N.D. (AP) — Attorneys for North Dakota and the federal government are asking an appeals court to reject the state of Missouri's challenge to a massive upstream Missouri River water project.
MEMPHIS, Tenn. (AP) — Federal prosecutors in Tennessee say three former FedEx employees have been charged with stealing mail intended for religious organizations.
Court records show Tiara Williams, Crystal Berry and Kimberly Smith have pleaded not guilty to mail theft charges. The U.S. attorney's office in Memphis says they face up to five years in prison if convicted.
LANSING, Mich. (AP) — A Canadian energy company is the latest to sue the shipping company whose tugboat anchor allegedly dented an aging oil and gas pipeline in Michigan earlier this year.
HOUSTON (AP) — A $1 million bond has been set for a 47-year-old Houston shipping and logistics business owner charged with hiring a hitman to kill a police officer who gave him repeated citations.
Prosecutors say Mohammed Mohamed was upset because of the costs incurred as the officer, part of a police team enforcing ordinances governing quality-of-life issues like unkempt lots, kept ticketing him for keeping too many vehicles at his company.
BOSTON (AP) — U.S. Rep. Seth Moulton is teaming up with U.S. Sen. Cory Booker on a bill aimed at protecting endangered North Atlantic right whales.
The bill would create a grant program to fund collaborative projects between states, non-governmental groups, and members of the fishing and shipping industries to reduce the impacts of human activities on right whales.
COPENHAGEN, Denmark (AP) — Danish shipping group A.P. Moller-Maersk says its first-quarter revenue increased by 30 percent to $9.3 billion, but also noted increased uncertainties due to geopolitical risks, trade tensions and other factors impacting freight rates, bunker prices and rate of exchange.
Chief Executive Soeren Skou says that the group's results in its key ocean business was "unsatisfactory" in the short term. The group posted a $239 million deficit.
PORTLAND, Maine (AP) — As many as 60 Finnish-built speedboats are being imported to the U.S. through Portland as Maine pushes to encourage trade with Europe and the North Atlantic.
ANCHORAGE, Alaska (AP) — The Alaska Railroad used to ship some of its 45 passenger cars on barges to Seattle every year, then put them back on tracks for a long chug to the Midwest for repairs and paint jobs.


Parlanti has perfected a ready to wear boot that has no break in time that fits and looks like a custom boot.
insures that you'll be comfortable walking around the barn or showgrounds all day in comfort.
Please take a look at the measuring charts. If for some reason you do not understand it or find it intimidating please email me with any questions and I will return your email or text promptly.
Measurement around the largest part of the calf in centimeteres or inches.
Height measurement: Barefoot, from the floor to the crease of the back of the knee. ( Remember if your going to do this yourself, always account for the drop in the boot. Measure adding an inch higher from the crease at the back of the knee.
Use the US to EU conversion to figure out your foot size correctly.
Measure the circumference of the widest part of your calf (in CM). – allow for stretch panel.
Measure the back height of your calf from the ground (barefoot) to the back of your knee crease (in CM) allow for drop.
Use these three measurements to find your size using the Size Charts below.
Parlanti mesurements are in centimeters, if you do not have a measuring tape for centimeters. 2 1/2 centimeters = 1 inch.


Hours: Box Office Hours: During Performance Weeks Monday noon-4pm, and Tues-Sat noon-4pm and 6-8pm; During Non-Performance Weeks Monday to Friday noon to 4:00 pm. Closed Sundays and statutory holidays. Summer hours in July and August Monday to Friday 10am-noon.
Langham Court Theatre is an intimate 177 seat theatre in the historic residential Rockland neighbourhood, just minutes from downtown Victoria, BC. The 2018 2019 Season is Langham's 90th, making it the longest running Community Theatre in Western Canada. We are fully equipped with a rehearsal room, dressing rooms, green room and a licensed lounge. We rent props and furniture and The Costume Loft @ Langham offers affordable costume/clothing rentals in a wide variety of periods and styles for parties and special events, stage, film, photography, and school productions. From September to June we put on 6 main stage shows that run for 3 weeks.
Parking NotesFREE Parking is available on neighbourhood side streets. Some suggestions: Pentrelew Place, Moss Street, Linden Avenue and Fort Street. Please abide by the parking signs; DO NOT park where it is posted Resident Only – you may be ticketed.


. Even if there are myriads of present Designs that 1 can think of, it still remains a truth that none of them can surpass the plenty of splendor things that diamond jewelry elements can offer.
Frequently, diamond bracelets are reserved for girls, though diamond cuff back links appears least difficult for men. The 1st issue that the website will enable you in the direction of do is toward purchase a listing of jewelers that are within just your fixed guiding distance.
) into awareness towards make sure that your self choose the great ring at the suitable charge.


The Geeks Cookbook Easy Recipes Inspired by Pokemon Harry Potter Star Wars and More!
The Last Mrs Parrish An Addictive Psychological Thriller with a Shocking Twist!
The 9 Dimensions of Conscious Success Its All About You!
Free-Motion Designs for Allover Patterns 75+ Designs from Natalia Bonner Christina Cameli Jenny Carr Kinney Laura Lee Fritz Cheryl Malkowski Bethany Pease Sheila Sinclair Snyder and Angela Walters!
Pinkie Pie And The Rockin Ponypalooza Party!
Terrific Timelines Cars Press out put together and display!
Mary Engelbreits 5-Minute Fairy Tales Includes 12 Nursery and Fairy Tales!
The Angel A Shocking New Thriller - Read If You Dare!
Ultimate Expeditions Deep-Sea Diver Includes 63 pieces to build 8 ocean animals and a removable diorama!


Commelina banghalensis is a member of the Commelinaceae family. It is an annual or a perennial, low creeping plant, or ascending to 30cm hign, hairy or smooth. The leaves are elliptic-ovate, hairy, measuring 2.5 -7.5cm long, 1.25-2.5cm wide with parallel veins. The base is narrowed into a petiole of 0.6cm long fringed with short and long red hairs. The spathes 1-3, funnel-shaped, measure 1.25cm long, shorely pedunculate. They are closed down the upper side to the point of attachment to the stalk. The flowers 2-4 per spathes, the first one long-pedunculed, the otheres being sessile. The pale reduced flowers often produced on underground stems. The fruits are 3-locular capsule, 5-seeded. The seeds are black in colour with a wrinkled surface, sometimes appearing sugar-coated, measuring 2mm long.
C. benghalensis is considered a bitter, emolient, demulcent, refrigerant, laxative.
The Nepalese extracted juice from the roots of C. benghalensis is given in cases of indigestion.In southern Africa they made use of the decoction of the root to relieve stomach disorder. In Tanzania a solution made from pounded leaves soaked in warm water is used to treat diarrhoea. The whole plant is a useful laxative.
The sap of the leaves and stems is good for ophthalmia and is used by the people of East Africa. The people of Zanzibar on the other had made used of the liquid found in the flowering spathe to treat eye complains.
The whole plant is useful in sores, infant oral thrush and even leprosy. In southern Nigeria the plant is made into a poultice and applied on sores of the feet. In India it is used with great benefit in the treatment of Leprosy.
Leaves are used in fever, scorpion sting and wounds. The roots treat liver complaints, fever. In Uganda and southern Africa the plant is used to counter fertility in women.
All above ground parts are astringent and contains hydrocyanic acid.


1775-	May 2nd- The Americans gain support from King Louis XVI of France. France and Spain gave America $185,000 to buy munitions.
July 4th- Thomas Jefferson presents the Declaration of Independence. Meaning they gained independence from Great Britain.
1778- January 7th- Treaty of Armity and commerce. Another major turning point for America because it ended American isolations.
1781- Articles of Confederation went into effect providing legal framework for the first government of the United States.
This event convinced France to enter the war.
1780-	August 16th- Battle of Camden This battle was a British victory and it was here when Gates's (American commander) reputation was destroyed. Three times more American men died.
1782-	November 10th- Battle of Fort Cumberland This was the final battle altogether of the Revolutionary War.
Paul Boyer, Clifford Clark Jr., Joseph Kett, Neal Salisbury, Harvard Sitkoff, Nancy Woloch, The Enduring Vision: Sixth Edition, (Bostiion) 161-199.


text:
Q: How to create a ternary relationship that has a weak entity? I am developing a system where there are doctor , patient and diagnosis.
I made diagnosis a weak entity because without a doctor or a patient there will not be a diagnosis.
now I want to make a relationship called treatment between doctor and patient and diagnosis where a specific doctor will treat a specific patient that has a specific diagnosis.
how to make the relationship given that diagnosis is a weak entity that will not have it's own primary key.

A: I think your fundamental understanding of weak entities and primary keys is flawed.
You seem to think that because the weak entity table "includes" the primary keys of two other tables, that means it can't have a primary key of its own.
This is not the case.   A Primary Key can be the combination of multiple columns, as long as that combination is Unique for all rows.
Based on what you describe you should have something like this:
Table Doctor
Primary Key:  DoctorID

Table Patient
Primary Key:  PatientID

Table Diagnosis
Primary Key:  DoctorID, PatientID (or an Identity column to form an artificial PK)
Foreign Key:  DoctorID References Table Doctor
Foreign Key:  PatientID References Table Patient

So finally,

Table Treatment
Primary Key:  DoctorID, PatientID (, Identity column of Table Diagnosis if you created one)
Foreign Key:  DoctorID References Table Doctor
Foreign Key:  PatientID References Table Patient

This is sufficient if a doctor can only diagnose each patient once, and also can only suggest one treatment per patient.   If either of these combinations can have more than one instance, then you should add some third "Line Number" type column to the PK of the Diagnosis and/or Treatment table to include in the PK for that table and make it unique.


text:
Johann Evangelista Ehrlich (* 10. November 1819 in Wiesent; † 19. Februar 1860 in Landshut) war ein deutscher Orgelbauer.

Leben und Werk
Johann Ehrlich, ein Mitglied der weit verzweigten Orgelbauerfamilie Ehrlich, wurde als Sohn von Georg Adam Ehrlich d. Ä. (* 30. Dezember 1777 in Lauingen; † 30. Dezember 1848 in Passau) geboren. Sein älterer Bruder war Anton Ehrlich. Mit dem Umzug der väterlichen Firma kam er nach Passau und lernte bei seinem Vater das Orgelbauhandwerk. Er übernahm 1843 die Firma des kinderlosen Orgelbauers Joseph Schweinacher in Landshut. Dort heiratete er am 22. April 1845 in der St.-Martins-Kirche die Apothekerstochter Walburga Hofbauer (geb. 1824). Das Ehepaar wohnte in der Herrengasse Nr. 374. Seine Frau starb früh. Obwohl auch Johann Ehrlich bereits im Alter von 40 Jahren verstarb, konnte er zahlreiche Orgeln mit mechanischer Traktur in Niederbayern, Oberbayern und in der südlichen Oberpfalz erbauen, von denen verhältnismäßig viele Instrumente noch erhalten sind. Er baute die Prospekte meist mit dreiteiligen Flachfeldern, wobei das Mittlere überhöht ist. Neben einigen Neugotischen Aufbauten sind die nachklassizistischen Varianten eher für Ehrlichs Stil typisch. Der Klang der Instrumente ist zeitgemäß brillant, die Register zeichnen sich durch eine ausgeprägte Charakteristik aus. Seine Arbeit beeinflusste auch Martin Hechenberger. Um seine Firma bewarben sich nach seinem Tod Franz Strauß und sein Verwandter Johann Rödl Ehrlich. Die Werkstatt übernahm Franz Strauß, aber auch Johann Rödl Ehrlich erhielt in Landshut eine Konzession als Orgelbauer in Landshut.

Werkliste (Auszug)

Literatur

 Eberhard Kraus: Historische Orgeln in der Oberpfalz. Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 1990, ISBN 3-7954-0387-1.

Weblinks

 Organ index: Johann Ehrlich

Einzelnachweise

Orgelbauer (19. Jahrhundert)
Orgelbauer (Deutschland)
Orgellandschaft Niederbayern
Deutscher
Geboren 1819
Gestorben 1860
Mann


The new teaser trailer for the upcoming live-action remake of Aladdin has released.
The new trailer gives us a glimpse at a blue Will Smith as the Genie.
Disney's 1992 animated film Aladdin will make a return and this time its live-action, directed by Guy Ritchie and produced Walt Disney Pictures. The movie stars Mena Massoud as Aladdin, Will Smith, Naomi Scott, Marwan Kenzari, Navid Negahban, Nasim Pedrad, Billy Magnussen, and Numan Acar.
The movie will release in cinemas on 24 May 2019.


This Nelson 34 boat, introduced in 1962, was build by Halmatic Ltd Southhampton under the heavy specifications of Lloyds and was originally intended for professional use by the Royal Navy, such as rescue, piloting and port company. It is renowned troughout the world for its unrivaled quality and perfect seagoing properties.The Blue Hunter, build in 1996, is the last Nelson 34 yacht ever made. Full featured and presented in superb condition, with a comprehensive inventory and equipped with 2 large 135hp Perkins-Sabre diesel engines, this ship defines surely comfortable displacement cruising. With "Blue Hunter" you can safely explore both the coastal areas and the inland waterways. For more information see attached pdf.


I have this fascination with men who crochet. I had a Great Aunt Pearl that crocheted beautiful tablecloths, bedspreads, doilies, and jackets, just to name a few things. They were mostly made with the Size 10 crochet thread. She gave all of her sisters one of her bedspreads, and she ONLY had eight sisters--can you imagine? I have made one bedspread, and I think that's enough for me. Anyway, her husband, Uncle Chet, also crocheted, knitted, embroidered, and I'm not sure what all. But when we would go to visit them, he would be sitting there crocheting, and I was just fascinated to see that. I'm sad I don't have a picture of him crocheting.
When my new BF (Biggest Fan, Barbara) joined Crochet Soiree, she told me how her husband, Leroy, had been crocheting for 20 years, and she had only been crocheting for several months. I was so interested in finding out more about this man. Come to find out, he is a Viet Nam vet and has crocheted lots of things including afghans (some of which he has designed himself), granny squares (made these into many things), houseshoes (slippers), hats, dishcloths, and towel toppers.
Barbara said that he had recently put his crocheting away and had been helping her out with learning to crochet, but he had been so inspired by Crochet Soiree and that he wanted to pick it up again.
Barbara and I have started a contest under the groups here on Crochet Soiree, and Leroy wants to make a cup cover and use his own twist to my cup cover pattern. He is using crochet thread for the first time, and maybe we have inspired him enough to take crocheting back up. I can't wait to see what he comes up with and some of his designs. Hopefully, he has some more pictures of his projects he can share with us.
Here is a picture of the afghan that Leroy made. I just love the colors he chose. I would also love to hear about what all of the men out there are making and what inspires them.


text:
'use strict';

angular.module('workingRoom')
    .controller('CreateTicketCtrl', function ($scope, $mdDialog, Ref, Module, User, Toasts, Upload, $timeout) {
        var vm = this;

        var defaultStatus = getDefaultStatus();
        vm.groupsQuery = Ref.child('groups').once('value', function(snap){vm.groups = snap.val();});
        vm.getLocale = getLocale;
        vm.getAttribution = getAttribution;
        if(User.groups){
          vm.ticket = {
              user: {
                  id: User.$id,
                  name: User.name,
                  group : User.groups
              },
              lang : getLocale(),
              status: defaultStatus
          };
        }
        else if (!User.groups) {
          vm.ticket = {
              user: {
                  id: User.$id,
                  name: User.name,
              },
              lang : getLocale(),
              status: defaultStatus
          };
        }

        vm.module = Module;

        vm.cancel = cancel;
        vm.hide = $mdDialog.hide;
        vm.deleteFile = deleteFile;
        vm.getPattern = getPattern;
        vm.upload = upload;
        vm.required = true;

        vm.getSubCat = function (cat, subcats) {
            var ret = [];
            if (cat) {
                for (var i = 0, len = subcats.length; i < len; i++) {
                    if (subcats[i].name === cat) {
                        ret = subcats[i].data;
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
            return ret;
        };

        function getAttribution() {
          for (var objet in vm.groups){
            if(vm.groups[objet].name.slice(0, 3).toLowerCase() == vm.ticket[5].first.slice(0, 3).toLowerCase()){
              vm.attributed = vm.groups[objet];
              vm.ticket[6] = vm.attributed;
              console.log(vm.ticket);
            }
          }
        }

        function cancel(event) {
            event.preventDefault();
            $mdDialog.cancel();
        }

        function getDefaultStatus() {
            if (Module.status) {
                for (var i = 0; i < Module.status.length; i++) {
                    if (Module.status.default) {
                        return Module.status.name;
                    }
                }
                return Module.status[0] ? Module.status[0].name : 'A traiter';
            }
            return 'A traiter';
        }

        function deleteFile() {
          vm.newFile = null;
          Toasts.simple('Fichier supprimé');
        }

        function getLocale()
        {
          var lang = moment.locale();
          return lang;
        }

        function upload() {
          vm.newFile = [];
          var files = document.getElementById('file').files;
            if (files) {
              for (var i = 0; i < files.length; i++) {
                (function(file) {
                  var reader = new FileReader();
                  reader.onload = function(readerEvt) {
                      var binaryString = readerEvt.target.result;
                      vm.newFile.push({
                          name: file.name,
                          data: 'data:' + file.type + ';base64,' + binaryString.substr(binaryString.indexOf('base64,') + 'base64,'.length)
                      });
                  };
                  reader.readAsDataURL(file);
                })(files[i]);
              }
              vm.ticket.file = vm.newFile;
            }
        }

        function getPattern(minSize) {
                  if (minSize) {
                      return '.{' + minSize + ',}';
                  } else {
                      return '.{0,}'
                  }
        }

});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
The ultimate non-traditional Christmas playlist
Christmas music you haven't heard on repeat every December.
Dec 5, 2019 Words By Chantelle David
December has come around yet again, which means the Yuletide season is now in full swing, and everyone knows it comes with an overplayed festive soundtrack. We're unable to leave a shopping centre, taxi or even our apartment lobbies without a traditional holiday jingle stuck repeating inside our head. But what would Christmas be without music? No need to lose your holiday spirit—we've conjured a list of alternative Christmas tunes to get you through the month. From indie to hip hop, these old school reinventions of Christmas songs will warm your festive heart.
'Christmas Was Better In The 80's'—The Futureheads
The English post-punk band have taken us on a nostalgic trip to our childhood with their single 'Christmas was better in the 80's'. Rock music fans will be pleased to know the song features Futureheads' usual angular guitars and harmonies.
'Ludacrismas'—Ludacris
A soundtrack from the family comedy movie Fred Claus, 'Ludacrismas' is a fan favourite in the category of hip-hop Christmas songs, and in our opinion, should be up there with the overplayed classics. The best part? The double-threat rapper/actor Ludacris, appears in the film as a tiny badass elf.
'Black Christmas'—Poly Styrene
For the Grinch's out there who loathe the idea of merry sing-a-long Christmas tunes, we found a song for you. 'Black Christmas', by punk rock artist Poly Styrene, is based on a man who went on a killing spree dressed as Santa Claus. In spite of its dark back story, the song features an enjoyable reggae dub groove.
'Oi to the World'—No Doubt
From back before No Doubt turned into an 80's band, and well, well, before Gwen Stefani became an international pop-star, is 'Oi to the World'. The single was made popular by their music video filmed in india, a unique ska-punk scene that must be seen to be believed.
'Player's Ball'—OutKast
Hip-hop prides itself on being integral in bittersweet reality, which is no secret in this song. 'Player's Ball' is the debut single from hip-hop duo Outkast, the title referring to a traditional gathering of pimps in Atlanta. The lyrics feature a depiction on what it is like to live in the South of the United States, growing up in hip-hop culture.
'Dear Mrs Claus'—The Barr Brothers
Montreal based folk group the Barr Brothers have a different idea of what Mrs Claus is up to while Santa's off delivering toys, and we're here for it. The soulful track 'Dear Mrs Claus' features a soft harp throughout, making it the perfect song to chill out to during the crazy holiday season.
'Millie Pulled a Pistol on Santa'—De La Soul
Based on a true story, 'Millie Pulled a Pistol on Santa' is one of the all-time great storytelling rap records. Dave and Posdnuos, members of De La Soul, illustrate a disturbing tale of a high school friend who is abused—let's say it's not for the faint hearted. They were inspired to write the song just from being so disturbed themselves, and decided to create something that would raise awareness while simultaneously making art.
'It's Christmas, But It's Not White Here In Our Town'—Kishi Bashi
'It's Christmas but it's not white here in our town'—finally, something we can relate to in humid Singapore. The song by Kishi Bashi was written for a close friend of his from Florida, who doesn't get to experience the snow that he does in Brooklyn.
I'm Gonna Lasso Santa Claus—Brenda Lee
Country vocalist Brenda Lee was inspired by her 9 year old self when she wrote 'I'm Gonna Lasso Santa Claus', as every child dreams of catching the magical gift-giving being. The up-beat, merry tune provides a whimsical take of kidnapping with a water pistol gun, to give toys to children who are without.
'Sleigh Ride'—TLC
The trio of TLC reworked every part of Celine Dion's 'Merry Christmas and Happy New Year', and the result is far beyond recognition. The cheer of jingle bells and church chimes can still be heard in the background, but their unique spin on the song is a joyous modern creation, even though it was produced in 1993.
Hot new music: St. Vincent, Super Whatevr, and Tame Impala
The Path Ahead: a speculation on Singapore's future


text:
title: AesiUtils.locationToOffset - aesi-eclipse
---

[aesi-eclipse](../../index.html) / [com.virtlink.aesi.eclipse](../index.html) / [AesiUtils](index.html) / [locationToOffset](.)

# locationToOffset

`open static fun locationToOffset(location: Location, document: IDocument): `[`Int`](https://kotlinlang.org/api/latest/jvm/stdlib/kotlin/-int/index.html)