text:
Archive | January, 2014
Liam Neeson: from Angel Station to Milano
After Farringdon Station in V for Vendetta, our Islington Stations mini series bring us this time to Angel for a new movie and a new star to film in our borough.
In The Other Man (2008), Liam Neeson is Peter, a Cambridge based software engineer whose wife (Laura Linney), a shoe designer, passes away at the beginning of the movie. While grieving, Peter discovers emails she kept private and understands that he may not have been the only man in her life. Confused, he decides to get to the bottom of this and track down that other man. A quest he initiates in Islington and will take him to Milan and Lake Como.
Having discovered the emails, he gets on a train. We are left to wonder where is he off to until…we spot him walking out of Angel Tube station, head down, deep in thought.
Where is Liam Neeson heading? Will he be staying in Islington? You'll have to keep reading your favourite Islington Film Locations blog to find out!
Many buses to Angel and Islington
Tags: Angel, film, Film Location, Film Tourism, Islington, Islington Film Locations Map, Liam Neeson, London, movie, Screen Tourism, The Other Man, Tourism, Travel
Categories Angel, Islington Filmography, Islington Tube Stations
Mountgrove Road: A Vintage Sally Hawkins Lived Here
From one Islington boundary to another and yet again it is with our Hackney neighbours that we are getting cosy. No surprise here when this week's film was mainly shot in North London between Camden, Hackney, Islington as well as Southwark.
In Mike Leigh's sparkling comedy Happy-Go-Lucky (2008), Poppy (Sally Hawkins) is a cheerful and cheeky primary-school teacher whose happiness and exuberance irritate in no small measure her bitter driving instructor Scott (Eddie Marsan). Screenwriter and director Mike Leigh and his actors went on to collect countless awards and nominations for their work.
Once again ladies and gentlemen, we can proudly say that the main character of a movie 'Lived in Islington'.
Or can we? Did she really?
Poppy's house is on the corner of Finsbury Park Road (Hackney) and Mountgrove Road (Islington). Technically speaking the house's door is the last one on Finsbury Park Road but the living room and its 3 windows overlook Mountgrove Road!
Since Poppy is taking driving lessons and getting in and out of the flat, you can spot it, the street and the area many times throughout the film. In fact, this is likely to be a familiar corner to many Islington residents. What in the film is an empty orange corner shop 'To Let' has since Happy-Go-Lucky become the popular Cafe Vintage.
On another occasion, when returning from a day out to visit her pregnant sister, Poppy and her flatmate Zoe (Alexis Zegerman) can be seen driving down Canning Road, at the corner of which Scott is standing, looking at their flat. When Poppy spots him, he shoots off, up Canning road.
At her next driving lesson, Poppy confronts Scott. While walking towards the car parked on Mountgrove Road you can recognise the blue front shop of Bennet & Brown, the peculiar grey double-doors next to it and the small food market store.
Once in the car, they turn left onto Wilberforce Road, back to Hackney. Where will we next spot our heroes? Yet again another movie we'll be coming back to.
For now, and since you have made it that far, you may as well want to reward yourself with one of Cafe Vintage's yummy treats!
Mountgrove Road N5 2LT
Arsenal Tube Station (Zone 2)
Finsbury Park Station (Zone 2)
Buses to Blackstock Road and Clissold Park
Related Happy-Go-Lucky posts
On Holloway Road, Mind the Driving Instructor
At Highbury Corner, Keep Your Lane!
Tags: Arsenal, Camden, Eddie Marsan, film, Film Location, Film Tourism, Hackney, Happy Go Lucky, Holloway, Islington, London, Mike Leigh, movie, Sally Hawkins, Screen Tourism, Tourism, Travel
Categories Finsbury Park, Highbury, Islington Boundaries, Islington Filmography, Lived in Islington
Unbelievable Mr X: film blogger
A big thank you to Nicola Baird for this brilliant post on our Islington Film Locations adventures!
Islington Faces Blog
Everyone on Islington Faces Blog has a story. Xavier Gomez, 39, better know as the Unbelievable Mr X, lives off Liverpool Road, N1, and writes a wonderful blog about films that he's discovered were shot in Islington. Did you know that Chapel Street Market's McDonald's is often loving it on TV? Or that Fever Pitch, Love Actually or the classic Ladykillers were filmed in the borough? Well, maybe you did, but the Unbelievable Mr X (X for Xavier) has a way of spelling it out via words, stills and a location map. Here's your chance to catch up with Islington's lights, camera, action. Interview by Nicola Baird
What made you focus on Islington?
Amongst the reasons why I moved to Islington was the fact that in many ways, it did not feel like a big city, it still has a 'village' atmosphere, and you could find pretty much everything here without…
Tags: Film Location, Film Tourism, In the News, Islington, Islington Faces, Islington Film Locations Map, Screen Tourism
Categories Islington Filmography
Westland Place: Julia Roberts' Studio!
One of the funniest aspects of Lights, Camera…Islington! and one of the main reasons I started it, is the time spent walking around the borough discovering areas, streets and corners I did not know before, including its boundaries. Last week we stopped by Farringdon Station and were therefore within yards of Camden. Today, we stay in the southern part of Islington but head off to City Road, an area we have not yet covered.
The reason I mention Islington boundaries here is that when I was strolling along City Road towards Old Street, as I was getting closer to our destination, I realised that at some point, on one side of City Road I was in Islington, on the other Hackney… Damned! Yep, you've guessed it. Our film location was on the 'wrong' side of the road. Dilemma. What should I do?
In the end, I opted to take the picture. I mean Come on !!! Five steps before I was in Islington. Worry not dear reader, Islington has film locations galore and I will not make a habit of trespassing our boundaries to travel all over London. I may on similar occasions to this one do so when the location is within yards of the borough, and when other scenes of the same movie were shot in the borough. This point clarified, let's reveal our Islington Film Location of the Week!
Closer (2004), is Mike Nichols' adaptation to the big screen of Patrick Marber's award winning play. This drama with a stellar cast that included Julia Roberts, Natalie Portman, Clive Owen and Jude Law, tells the story of 2 couples whose relationships become, well, slightly complicated shall we say.
Early on in the movie, Dan (Jude Law) gets his picture taken by Anna (Julia Roberts) for his book. Dan's girlfriend Alice (Natalie Portman), comes to meet him at the end of the session. It is when Dan steps outside to greet Alice that we can spot that Anna's studio is in Westland Place, off City Road, in what used to be John Redman ltd & British Empire Pipe Company.
If you go there today, I am pleased to say that you will still be able to find studios. However, I am equally sad to report that, after months of keeping an eye on the door in thunder, lightning or in rain, no signs of Julia. Bet she's moved to Islington!
Westland Place N1 7LP
Old Street Station (Zone 1)
Many buses to City Road and Old Street
Tags: City Road, Clive Owen, Closer, film, Film Location, Film Tourism, Hackney, Islington, Islington Film Locations Map, Jude Law, Julia Roberts, London, movie, Natalie Portman, Screen Tourism, St Luke's, Tourism, Travel
Categories Islington Boundaries, Islington Filmography, St Luke's
Farringdon Station: Vendetta on the Way
Countless films shot in London feature its famous and instantly recognisable underground stations be it the corridors, carriages, ticket halls, exits or familiar London transport signs. Such scenes, no matter how brief they may be, allow the spectators to relate to those familiar sitesand at the same time act as 'establishing shots': in a blink of an eye, we know where we are.
I am pleased to say that Islington's tube and train stations have enjoyed their fair share of spotlight.
In the science-fiction thriller V for Vendetta (2005), by the late 2020s Great Britain is a fascist state. One freedom fighter known as V (Hugo Weaving) fights this oppressive society and threatens to blow up the Houses of Parliament on 5th November, as attempted by Guy Fawkes in 1605. In doing this, he meets a young woman called Evey (Natalie Portman).
Before Islington appears on the screen, the borough is mentioned at the very beginning of the movie. While Evey is getting ready to go out, the TV is on and presenter Lewis Prothero (Roger Allam) warns his viewers about the situation in the USA and how similar it is to the one faced by Great Britain years ago "(…) Islington, Enfield, I was there, I have seen it all (…)".
However, the first time we get to properly spot Islington is later on when Evey tells V about her childhood. While she talks about the death of her brother, her parents' political engagement, we can see her as a young Evey (Madeleine Rakic-Platt) handing leaflets out outside Farringdon Station.
Since many scenes of V for Vendetta were shot across Islington we will have the opportunity to get back to it!
Many buses to Farringdon Road
Tags: Clerkenwell, Farringdon, film, Film Location, Film Tourism, Hugo Weaving, Islington, Islington Film Locations Map, London, movie, Natalie Portman, Screen Tourism, V for Vendetta
Categories Clerkenwell, Islington Boundaries, Islington Filmography, Islington Tube Stations


Built for comfort, strength and stability, this XS-550 RIB is a unique opportunity to own a multi-role RIB which maintains high performance in even the harshest of conditions. Perfectly suited for cruising, diving or water sports, the XS-550 is powered by a single 100hp Mercury offering ample speed and control.
Often used by sailing clubs as a safety boat the XS-550 RIB combines reliability and safety, it would be well suited to a rescue role. It would also make an ideal dive boat – the added benefits of strong construction means it is extremely robust. In fair weather or rougher seas this boat will consistently deliver good performance.
The jockey seat behind the console is designed for comfort and comes with storage. There is generous space to manoeuvre around the RIB with ease. She comes fitted with a Garmin 292 Chartplotter GPS (including English Channel BlueChart) and VHF Radio.
Visit our offices at Trafalgar Wharf and see this boat for yourself. Do not miss out on this fantastic example of a quality RIB at a great price.


I used some Heidi Swapp gold mist to create my background ... usually I have such difficult doing this but did my best. Then, I die cut the bird and used my unconventional material (can you tell what it is?) I added a Modern Basics sentiment in Versafine Onyx Black ink.
To do some 'recycling' of materials, I even used a Kate Spade hot pink post card I received a while back to do the die cutting! Below you can see the unconventional material - do you recognize it?
If you guessed drywall tape, you were right! It is a great lightly sticky mesh tape that die cuts beautifully and makes a great border too!
If you have a moment, check out my gently used item sale *here*. I have stamps, ink pads and other things too ... even Papertrey products!
Cool idea! I didn't know what it was until you said. Very fun!!
Okay, I totally thought that was patterned paper!!! Great take on the challenge!!!


Chairman Pakistan People's Party (PPP), Bilawal Bhutto Zardari said people voted for change, but now they have become disappointed.
Addressing a presser in Sargodha, Bilawal Bhutto said that the government has no will to resolve masses' issues.
"We had heard that a revolution will come within 100-days, but so far no any development has been seen in this regard," he added.
PTI government will try to distort opposition from real issues of the masses, said PPP chairman.
Earlier today, Bilawal Bhutto said he is hopeful to get justice from the apex court in Benazir Bhutto murder case.
Speaking to media here, he said: "We expect the Supreme Court will deliver justice in this case." He said that no decision had been given regarding Pervez Musharraf who is currently out of the country.
Bilawal rued the officials nominated in the case had again been restored on their duties. The PPP chairman recalled the Shaheed Benazir Bhutto was facing threats during her entire election campaign in 2007, but no measures were taken to protect her.
Soon after the assassination, Bilawal said, the crime scene was washed with the person being held accountable for this act.
It's our third generation knocking the court's door to seek justice in cases of Zulfikar Bhutto's murder and the assassination of Benazir Bhutto.


Aeroflex USA, Inc. has developed Aerocel® ULP® closed-cell EPDM insulation, offering the best water vapor and water resistance in the industry.
Aeroflex USA, Inc. introduces the newest version of Aerocel® EPDM elastomeric flexible closed-cell foam insulation. This newest introduction is called Aerocel® ULP®, that delivers exceptional water and water vapor transport properties, offering a permeance value of .005 perm-inch, and a water absorption rate of .01% by volume. Aerocel® ULP has been tested using both the wet cup and dry cup methods of determining water vapor permeance detailed in ASTM E96. Aerocel® ULP® offers moisture resistance performance better than any vapor retarder on the market, and a perm rating far lower than all rigid plastic foams or other elastomeric insulations. Aerocel® ULP® is a vapor retarder, helping ensure that the insulation system remains sealed against moisture. Offering ease of installation, a high level of energy efficiency, and superior moisture resistance, Aerocel® ULP® is the ideal choice for cost-effective installations on all low-temperature system insulation jobs, especially in high humidity and high temperature climates.
Aerocel® ULP® is 38% more efficient than the next most-moisture-resistant insulation material, cellular glass. Less thickness of Aerocel® ULP® can be used, while delivering the exceptional water and water vapor resistance desired for low temperature insulation systems, delivering high-level, constant, long-term insulating efficiency. Aerocel® ULP® does not contribute to and helps prevent corrosion under insulation, will not promote metal corrosion, and is not abrasive to system components.
Aerocel® ULP® is the ideal insulation for all below-ambient mechanical systems, operating as low as -320°F, including chilled water, retail food case refrigeration, industrial refrigeration applications, glycol, brine, ammonia refrigeration, industrial gases, liquid methane, liquefied natural gas (LNG), and liquid oxygen systems.
Aerocel® ULP® delivers a excellent fire safety properties, having been rated as SELF-EXTINGUISHING , will not support micro-organisms, and does not contain CFC's, HFC's and HCFC's. This newest creation is 99+% closed-cell material, provides no food source for birds or vermin, is stable over a wide range of conditions, and contributes to sustainable building practices, including LEED® and LBC®.
Aerocel ULP is available as sheets, rolls, and the widest range of diameter and thickness combinations. With the ease of installation, the high level of energy efficiency, and the superior moisture resistance, Aerocel ULP is the ideal choice for cost-effective installations on all low and dual temperature system insulation jobs.
More information about Aeroflex USA's Aerocel® ULP can be found at: https://www.aeroflexusa.com/ulp/.
Aeroflex USA, Inc. is a leading North American producer of flexible closed-cell rubber insulation products. Aeroflex USA, Inc.'s facilities are in Sweetwater, TN, where these insulation products are produced and distributed to North, Central and South America. Aeroflex USA, Inc. started in business in 1999, and is a subsidiary of Eastern Polymer Group, Bangkok Thailand. Eastern Polymer Group is the world's leading producer and developer of EPDM rubber products used for thermal and acoustical insulation. Further contact with Aeroflex USA, Inc. may be made by e-mailing sales@aeroflexusa.com or calling 423-337-2493.


text:
The Tribune And The Guardian See The Handwriting On The Wall
(Editor's note: The Freeport News' Editor Fred Sturrup has been on the warpath for some time , having switched his tune from decidedly anti PLP to telling the FNM, it was bad public policy to buy the hotel in Freeport. We wondered what was going on. Now this week, The Tribune, headed by the journalistic wicked witch of the East Eileen Carron and the journalistic wicked witch of the West Candia Dames have found religion. In editorials on Friday 5th October, both newspapers warned the FNM that the handwriting is on the wall and if they don't pull up their breeches, the PLP is poised to come back. We present samples of both editorials)
The Tribune
Editorial 5th October 2018
"The word on the street is that the sense of disappointment with a Government that promised so much after its crushing victory in last year's election is growing by the day.
"One important issue is that after the 60 percent hike in VAT people want to know exactly how it is fulfilling its undertaking to cut public expenditure; and, as just one example, many are indignant about the large delegations that accompanied Dr Minnis at last year's Commonwealth Heads of Government meeting in London and, recently, on his trip to New York for the annual session of the United Nations General Assembly. It is hard to see the need for so many people and how such expenditure can be justified. His explanation in the House of Assembly this week was unconvincing.
"The sad fact is, after the initial euphoria, disillusion is now rife. Whether the opposition PLP will be able to reinvent itself, beginning with its upcoming party convention, remains to be seen.
"But we believe unless this FNM Government starts to show it is really working in the best interests of the Bahamian people it will become increasingly unpopular and may be in for a rude shock at the next election. That is still far off but it needs to start improving its performance now."
PrevPreviousMcAlpine Doesn't Take Any Last From Prime Minister Minnis
NextSouthern Shores Branch of The PLP Cook Out | 6 October 2018Next

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Warm or cold deck flat roof?
What can I do to make my roof more energy efficient?
September 8, 2016 in Roofing Advice.
Home roofing, repair or replacement?
September 4, 2016 in Roofing Advice.
May 5, 2014 in Roofing Advice.


On arrival we were greeted by Ellie one of the owners, she was very warm and welcoming. After a little chat she took us through the usual brief, heath and safety and got us to sign a disclaimer form which is standard practice. We were giving a box to put our things in which we were able to take in to the room us with the understanding we wouldn't access it during the game.
The room was spacious with a minimal amount of props in although this was enough to set the story line for the theme. There was a good use of sound effects and visuals which kept us on our toes throughout the game. The maximum size team for this game is 6, there would be plenty of room for a team this size.
The game was linear, which used combination and key padlocks. The game play had a good flow. Towards the beginning of the game we found a little surprise which had been left for us in the room, we thought this was a really good touch to the game which really submerged us in the theme. Every now and again we would have a video message on screen which scared us into working faster.
Clues were passed to us at various places in the game. We had never been given clues in this way but though it was very inventive, we don't want to give to much away but it added to the immersion and fit the theme.
We were very close to the end however we failed to escape this room.
Although we were a little disappointed we failed this room but this was our own doing by overthinking, we really enjoyed ourselves. The owners created a really great room and put lots of thought into the setting of the game, who would have thought this started out as a kickstarter project. They made very good use of sound effects, we loved the surprise in the room which gave it a very personal touch, it gave it a theatrical edge and really submerged you into the story's plot. We really cannot wait for the next room you are conjuring up.


text:
Julia Birkinbine Poulter
Senior Managing Editor
With more than seven years of editorial experience, Julia is passionate about bringing motherhood stories to life and providing moms with interesting and informative parenting content. As The Everymom's Managing Editor (her dream job!), Julia primarily manages the editorial team's schedules and assignments as well as plans TEM's editorial calendar.
Education: University of Wisconsin-Madison
Julia's editorial experience began in 2014 when she moved to New York City to follow her dreams of working as a celebrity news writer at In Touch Weekly and Life & Style Weekly. She was later named Online & Social Media Editor at Closer Weekly and grew the magazine's digital team from a one-woman show to a team of five writers and editors. After nearly five years at Closer, Julia left her job as Executive Editor to follow her newfound passion for parenting content and joined The Everymom team in 2019. As Managing Editor of The Everymom, Julia helps manage a team of full-time editors and contributing writers, plans the brand's editorial calendar, and project manages TEM's sponsored content.
Julia has a Bachelor's degree in Journalism from the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Though she's not a mom quite yet, Julia loves reading and writing about inspiring women, motherhood, and kids. She's currently obsessed with vanilla lattes, watching Real Housewives—especially her favorite, The Real Housewives of Potomac—and following cute babies on Instagram.
JULIA'S RECENT FAVORITES:
5 Self-Care Habits I'm Adding to My Daily Routine
One Editor's Under $100 Trader Joe's Haul for Easy At-Home Meals and Snacks
Forget $200 Facials—One Editor Swears By This At-Home Tool Instead
About The Everymom
She's the seasoned mom, the new mom, the expecting mom. She's trying to become a mom. Fierce, smart, always multi-tasking.
She is passionate about life, her family, and her own self-care. She wants to learn new things and seeks advice on everything from vacation planning to sleep training to prioritizing time for herself. She's the working mom, the stay-at-home mom.
She needs a bit of guidance, she wants to be inspired.
She is The Everymom. This is for her.
BROWSE ALL OF JULIA'S ARTICLES
NSFW: 20 Saucy Romance Novels to Read This Valentine's Day
How to Successfully Sell Clothing, Shoes & Accessories on Poshmark
Better Sleep in 2023: 10 Easy Ways to Get More Zzzs
8 Things to Tackle in Order to Organize Your Home and Life for the New Year
20 Fun New Year's Eve Crafts and Activities for Kids
The Everymom's Free, Printable Holiday Coloring Pages for Kids!
30+ Holiday Gifts for Your Royal-Obsessed Friend
Our Favorite Gift Sets and Subscriptions for Everyone on Your List
The Everymom's Free Printable Thanksgiving Coloring Pages for Kids!
The Gifts Our Editors Are Asking for This Holiday Season
The Best Holiday Gifts for Babies
The Best Holiday Gifts for Toddlers


text:
CEV EuroVolley 2023 Women
Bidding Home
#EuroVolleyW
The CEV has released the Candidature Application document for the CEV EuroVolley 2023 Women.
The EuroVolley is an outstanding celebration of our beloved sport and we believe that together with all relevant stakeholders, EuroVolley 2023 will continue the success story that started in 2019 with the revolutionary event co-hosted by Turkey, Poland, Hungary and Slovakia.
Download: Candidature Application Guidelines
The primary aim is to join forces with National Federations as well as with their respective political and sports authorities to deliver yet another exciting Volleyball event and experience for all involved. This is a truly exclusive opportunity to help us deliver the ultimate Volleyball show and to inspire the next generation of elite Volleyball players through an event featuring the top 24 women's national teams in Europe.


text:
The granny knot is a binding knot, used to secure a rope or line around an object.  It is considered inferior to the reef knot (square knot), which it superficially resembles.  Neither of these knots should be used as a bend knot for attaching two ropes together.

Etymology
Called the "granny's knot" with references going back to at least 1849, the knot was so-called because it is "the natural knot tied by women or landsmen".

Tying
When attempting to tie a reef knot (square knot), it is easy to produce a granny knot accidentally.  This is dangerous because the granny knot can slip when heavily loaded.  A tightened granny knot can also jam and is often more difficult to untie than the reef knot.  It is better to tie a reef knot in nearly all circumstances.  One way to distinguish them is that in the reef knot each loop passes completely over, or completely under (not through) the neck of the other.

The reef knot is commonly taught as left over right, tuck under then right over left, tuck under. The granny knot is the first step repeated twice, left over right, tuck under. This is a very common mistake made by people learning to tie a reef knot.

Heraldry
In heraldry, the granny knot is known as the Bourchier knot, due to being a heraldic badge of the Bourchier family.

Related knots

See also

List of binding knots
List of knots

References

External links

 "The Reef Knot Family", NotableKnotIndex.webs.com.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
WebsitePatents
Searching for patents
Applying for a patent
Law & practice
Boards of Appeal _boa_
User consultations
Unitary Patent & Unified Patent Court
BoA bibliographic file
Search decisions
2021 decisions
Enlarged Board of Appeal
President of the Boards of Appeal
About the Boards of Appeal
Boards of Appeal
Contact us using an online form
Frequently asked questions about the Boards of Appeal
Check the calendar of oral proceedings
T 1207/06 () of 7.5.2008
Date of decision:
IPC class:
G01C 21/20
Language of proceedings:
Download and more information:
Decision text in EN (PDF, 47 KB)
Documentation of the appeal procedure can be found in the Register
Bibliographic information is available in:
Title of application:
Sight-seeing tour guide system
Applicant name:
AISIN AW CO., LTD.
Opponent name:
DaimlerChrysler AG
Relevant legal provisions:
Catchwords:
Cited decisions:
Citing decisions:
Summary of Facts and Submissions
I. The appellant (proprietor of the patent) lodged an appeal, received on 1 August 2006, against the interlocutory decision of the opposition division, dispatched on 1 June 2006, on the amended form in which the European patent No. 0672890 (application No. 95103967.6) could be maintained. The fee for the appeal was paid on 1 August 2006. The statement setting out the grounds of appeal was received on 2 October 2006.
II. An opposition had been filed against the patent as a whole on the basis of Article 100(a) EPC 1973 on the grounds that the subject-matter of the patent was not patentable within the terms of Articles 52(1), 54 and 56 EPC 1973.
The opposition division held that the proprietor's main request including the claims of the patent as granted was not allowable since claim 1 did not meet the requirements of Articles 100(a) and 54 EPC 1973 in view of document D4 (EP-A-0 539 143). The division was furthermore of the opinion that the claims according to the first auxiliary request were allowable, for which opinion it considered document D6 (DE-A1-41 18 606) as disclosing the closest prior art.
III. With the letter setting out the grounds of appeal the appellant requested that the patent be maintained on the basis of the patent as granted or on the basis of claim 1 according to auxiliary request 1 or 2 filed with this letter. As a further auxiliary request it was requested to maintain the patent on the basis of the set of claims considered allowable by the opposition division. Furthermore the patent proprietor filed an auxiliary request for oral proceedings.
IV. In response to a communication of the board annexed to the summons to oral proceedings, dated 8 February 2008, the appellant filed with a letter dated 7 April 2008 a new set of five auxiliary requests replacing the prior sets of claims of the requests filed with the grounds of appeal.
V. In a letter of 7 April 2008 the respondent's representative requested to admit in the oral proceedings a technical expert in the field of navigation devices, whose contributions at the oral proceedings would be made under the supervision and responsibility of the representative. The respondent (opponent) did not file any observations as to substance.
VI. Oral proceedings were held on 7 May 2008.
At the oral proceedings the appellant requested that the decision under appeal be set aside and that the patent be maintained as granted or, in the alternative, on the basis of one of auxiliary requests 1 to 5, filed with the letter of 7 April 2008.
The respondent requested that the decision under appeal be set aside and that the patent be revoked in its entirety.
VII. The wording of claim 1 according to the main request (including the numbering of features "M1" to "M8" used by the parties) reads as follows:
" A guide system comprising:
M1 guide data storage means (3) stored with guide data relating to an object for guiding said object along a road or on a street or in an area;
M2 present position detecting means (5) for detecting and tracing a present position;
M3 reading means for reading out guide data from said guide data storage means (3);
M4 guide output means (6) for outputting the guide data relating to the object read out by said reading out means;
characterized by
M5 first search means (6a) for searching in a geographical range guide data relating to the object to be guided on the basis of the present position obtained by said present position detecting means (5);
M6 second search means (6b) for searching guide data relating to the object to be guided within a geographical range different from that of said first search means (6a);
M7 said reading out means is for reading out the guide data from said guide data storage means (3) searched either by said first search means (6a) or said second search means (6b); and
M8 means for issuing an instruction for a search operation by said second search means (6b)".
Claim 1 according to auxiliary request 1 differs from claim 1 according to the main request in that it is cast in the one-part form (leaving out the expression "characterized by") and that it includes the following amendment in feature M6:
M6 "second search means (6b) for searching guide data relating to the object to be guided within a geographical range on the basis of the present position different from that of said first search means (6a);" (emphasis added by the board).
The wording of claim 1 according to auxiliary request 2 is as that of claim 1 according to auxiliary request 1 with the following amendments in feature M7:
M7 "said reading out means is for reading out the guide data from said guide data storage means (3) searched either by said first search means (6a) or said second search means (6b); wherein
said guide output means outputs an object list, wherein the extracted objects are listed up in the order closer to the present position, obtained by said present position detecting means (5), if a plurality of guidance objects are extracted; and".
M7 said reading out means is for reading out the guide data from said guide data storage means (3) searched either by said first search means (6a) or said second search means (6b); wherein
in case a plurality of objects are searched, said guide output means (6) adds information of priority to the extracted objects, to guide and output the objects on the basis of the added priority information; and".
Claim 1 according to auxiliary request 3 is identical to claim 1 according to auxiliary request 2.
The claims according to auxiliary request 5 are identical to those allowed by the opposition division and therefore need not be reproduced for the purpose of the present decision.
VIII. The arguments of the appellant may be summarised as follows.
The opposition division had rejected claim 1 of the patent as granted under Article 54 EPC 1973 in view of document D4. The object underlying that document is a navigation system capable of easily providing the user with necessary information without the disadvantages of prior navigation systems in which all types of service facilities (restaurants, hotels etc) were always displayed with the full information. To this aim D4 discloses different embodiments in which either (i) specific types of facilities selected by the user are displayed or (ii) visual or acoustic output of limited or selected information regarding a specific facility is provided. Figure 5 of D4 shows the external appearance of input device 11 and display unit 13 as well as of key switches K1 to K15. At the start-up of the device the initial map on the screen shows a map and the current position of the vehicle without indication of the position of facilities. With the key switches K5 to K9 the user can select the type of facilities to be displayed, e.g. pressing key switch K6 results in displaying "restaurants" and switch K7 "hotels". Upon activation of the device all these data have been loaded in the working memory and therefore pressing the key switches does not start a new search, this action only selects the type of data to be displayed. In the decision under appeal it was argued, referring to the passages in col. 2, l. 50 to col. 3, l. 25 and col. 11, l. 30 to 48, that key switch K10 of input device 11 in one of its two positions would result in a certain electronic hardware connection being made whereas, when this switch was in the other position, another hardware connection was being made. Therefrom, according to the opposition division, switch key K10 constituted distinct structural features of the "first and second search means" as defined in claim 1 of the main request. This view cannot be followed. In particular, see col. 11, l. 40 to 44, "by using the key switch K10 ...a display of a remote area other than the area in which the current position is located, is called by use of a keyword of a place name, and mark information or the like is displayed thereon". Hence, the operation of the key switch K10 results in the display of a remote area, which only involves a change of display and no new search is performed. The keys K14 and K15 of this input device 11 are used for scrolling the picture plane and therefore, similarly, only involve a change of the display for which no new search is performed since all data are already in the working memory of the device. Therefore document D4 neither discloses nor renders obvious a first search or a second search or such means for guide data relating to the object to be guided. All that is disclosed in D4 is a change of the picture plane or displayed area either by scrolling or by shifting the display to a remote area, e.g. the area at a destination of a calculated route or at some other point of interest. Since neither D4 nor the further prior art discloses different searches to be performed within different geographical ranges the subject-matter of claim 1 of the patent as granted is novel and involves an inventive step.
Claim 1 according to the first auxiliary request contains the additional restriction "on the basis of the present position" in feature M6 defining the second search means. Support for this amendment may be found in, e.g., col. 4, l. 22 to 32; col. 11, l. 25 to 29; and col. 18, l. 11 et seq. of the patent specification and the corresponding passages in the original patent application. In line with the discussion of document D4 and the differences of claim 1 according to the main request to this document it is clear that D4 also fails to disclose or render obvious the performance of two independent searches for data in independent geographical ranges on the basis of the present position. In particular in col. 11, l. 41, document D4 explicitly discloses that by pressing key switch K10 a remote area other than the area in which the current position is located, is displayed.
Auxiliary request 2 contains two independent claims which is considered appropriate and reasonable in view of the proprietor's legitimate interest to achieve protection for all subject-matter not affected by the objections raised during the opposition. Claim 1 includes an additional feature in feature M7, which is supported by claim 7 of the patent as granted and by the passage in col. 7, l. 47 to 50 of the patent specification; it is furthermore supported by col. 2, l. 41 to 47; col. 4, l. 36 to 40; col. 6, l. 3 to 6; col. 14, l. 31 to 35; and claims 2 to 5 of the patent as granted. Claim 2 of this request is based on claim 2 of the original patent application or claim 3 as granted. The outputting of the extracted objects in a list in the order closer to the present position, as defined in claim 1, and the adding of priority to the extracted objects, as defined in claim 2 according to this request, limits the amount of displayed information of search results to the user, thereby enhancing the display and the visibility and thus the operability of the guide system.
Claim 1 according to auxiliary request 3 is identical to claim 1 of auxiliary request 2; claim 1 according to request 4 is identical to claim 2 of auxiliary request 2. Therefore the claims according to these requests disclose patentable subject-matter for the same reasons as explained above.
The claims of auxiliary request 5 are identical to those as considered allowable in the interlocutory decision of the opposition division. According to the established Case Law and in particular Decisions G 9/92 and G 4/93 the non-appealing party cannot challenge maintenance of the patent as thus amended.
IX. At the oral proceedings the appellant put into question the admissibility of the presentation of submissions by the person accompanying the representative of the opponent, objecting that the accompanying person tried to present the entire opponent's case, which, according to Decision G 4/95, was not allowed. Following the appellant's objection, the accompanying person made only few additional submissions, and the appellant did not repeat the objection.
X. The arguments of the respondent may be summarised as follows.
The language of claim 1 according to the main request is vague, extremely broad and technically not precise: for instance, it is not clear whether the "object... for guiding said object" in feature M1 relates to the vehicle, as would follow from feature M2 and generally from the concept of a navigation system, or to any information about points of interest near the present position. Therefore it is not clear what is "guided". Also "first" and "second search means" in features M5 and M6 are only functionally defined. Finally feature M8 apparently only refers to the second search means, the first search means not being included, and is so general that it could read on any prior art navigation system. Therefore, even if the guide system according to the patent in suit would differ from the one known from document D4 such a difference is not expressed in the independent claim and the respondent completely agrees with the reasoning in point 4 of the decision that the subject-matter of claim 1 of the main request lacks novelty over document D4.
The amendment in claim 1 according to the first auxiliary request in feature M6 that the second search means (is) for searching ...on the basis of the present position" is not supported by the description (Art. 84 EPC 1973). For instance, the passage in col. 4, l. 24 discloses this feature only in the context of the feature that the search ranges "are switched and used according to the manual key operation of the control means 1". Similarly the expression in col. 11, l. 25 - 29, specifies that the object is searched "on the basis of the present position and the advancing direction". Apart from this objection the added feature does not render the subject-matter of this claim novel, since even if the key switch K10 is pressed for displaying a remote area (col. 11, l. 41) it is implicit that when selecting a remote area the navigation system must take the present position into account, otherwise the system could not work. Therefore the claimed device is not novel.
The appellant has argued that claim 1 of auxiliary request 2 is supported by claim 7 and col. 7, l. 47 to 50 of the patent as granted. However it appears that the claim does not include the expression from claim 7 "...to guide an output a designated object from said list", therefore the claim does not meet the requirements of Article 84 EPC 1973. Furthermore since the second independent claim 2 of this request is based on claim 3 of the patent as granted and claim 1 is based on claim 7 of the patent as granted it is questionable that the requirements of unity of invention (Art. 82 EPC 1973) are respected because the independent claims are not linked by a common inventive concept. As to the considerations of patentability, to present the output in the form of an object list as defined in claim 1, for instance in the order closer to the present position is a feature well-known in navigation systems. In particular reference is made to document D6, disclosing a navigation system, in which in Figure 5A a list of objects (destinations) is shown in the order closer to the present position (for instance destinations at 0.5 km, 6 km and 52 km). Therefore the skilled person would routinely apply such a representation in a list in the system of D4 without an inventive step being involved. Furthermore, the additional feature of claim 2 according to auxiliary request 2, to add information of priority to the extracted objects in order to guide and output the objects on the basis of the added priority information, are known from document D4, where it is shown in Figure 13 and its accompanying description that the user can select the type of facilities (for instance, Japanese restaurants, Western restaurants) to be displayed on the screen according to his preference or priorities. Therefore the subject-matter of claim 2 according to auxiliary request 2 is not novel.
Claim 1 according to auxiliary request 3 and claim 1 of auxiliary request 4 are identical to, respectively, claims 1 and 2 of auxiliary request 2 and are therefore not allowable for the reasons given before.
With respect to auxiliary request 5 the appellant has argued that the claims allowed in the interlocutory decision could not be challenged by the opponent. With reference to the case law, see Case Law of the Boards of Appeal, 5th ed., VII.D.7.3.2 and Decisions T 234/86 and T 506/91, it would however appear that the opponent was adversely affected by the decision of the opposition division. Therefore it should have the possibility to have the decision reviewed.
Reasons for the Decision
1. The appeal is admissible.
2. Oral submissions by an accompanying person
2.1 At the oral proceedings the appellant questioned the admissibility of the presentation of submissions by the person accompanying the representative of the opponent, objecting that the accompanying person tried to present the entire opponent's case, which, according to Decision G 4/95, was not allowed.
2.2 According to this Decision, the following main criteria should be considered by the EPO when exercising its discretion to allow the making of oral submissions by an accompanying person in opposition or opposition appeal proceedings:
(i) The professional representative should request permission for such oral submissions to be made. The request should state the name and qualifications of the accompanying person, and should specify the subject-matter of the proposed oral submissions.
(ii) The request should be made sufficiently in advance of the oral proceedings so that all opposing parties are able properly to prepare themselves in relation to the proposed oral submissions.
(iii) A request which is made shortly before or at the oral proceedings should in the absence of exceptional circumstances be refused, unless each opposing party agrees to the making of the oral submissions requested.
(iv) The EPO should be satisfied that oral submissions by an accompanying person are made under the continuing responsibility and control of the professional representative.
2.3 With respect to criterion (i), the relevant data were included in the respondent's request of 7 April 2008 (see Section V supra). This request was filed one month before the oral proceedings, therefore, in the opinion of the board, criterion (ii) was equally fulfilled and no express request within the meaning of criterion (iii) was made.
With respect to criterion (iv), after an introduction of the respondent's representative at the oral proceedings concerning the claim language having regard to the field of navigation systems, the submissions of the accompanying person were largely restricted to explaining the interpretation of the technical terms of the claims and the corresponding features in the prior art. These submissions were made under the supervision and control of the professional representative, who also was in charge of forwarding its respective objections against the provisions of the EPC and who made the respondent's final requests (see Section X supra). In any case, subsequent to the objection, the accompanying person made only few additional submissions of a technical nature, equally under the supervision and control of the professional representative. The appellant did not repeat the objection. Therefore the board is satisfied that in the present case the criteria in Decision G 4/95 are met.
3. Main Request
Claim 1 - construction
3.1.1 At the oral proceedings the respondent had objected that the language of claim 1 of the main request, i.e. claim 1 of the patent as granted, was vague, broad and technically not precise. Since objections against a granted claim under Article 84 EPC 1973 are not within the scope of opposition or opposition appeal proceedings, such objections cannot be considered for the allowability of such a claim. In return, if a claim does not meet the conditions of clarity and conciseness of Article 84 EPC 1973 the claim drafter may not rely on the further requirement of this Article that the claim "...is supported by the description", and that for the interpretation of the claimed subject-matter for the question of patentability always resort to the description may be found. Rather, for this issue such a claim may be given any reasonable and logically consistent interpretation.
3.1.2 Indeed it appears that some expressions in claim 1 do not have the accepted, commonly used meaning of the English language. For instance the expression "...for guiding said object" in feature M1 (equally in features M5 and M6: "object to be guided") would normally imply, that an object (person, vehicle) is being lead to a predetermined destination (here: "along a road or on a street or in an area"). However, in the present context the verb "guiding" should rather be construed as "providing (any kind) of information" of an "object", which object may refer to any (still) item of interest along a road or on a street or in an area, but not a person or a vehicle. All information is stored in and retrieved from a "guide data storage means".
3.1.3 Furthermore, in feature M2 it is a priori not clear to which antecedent "a present position" refers. Apparently it is not the position of the object to be guided, but the position of an (undefined) user. Presumably, this "present position" is the same position referred to in feature M5.
3.1.4 In feature M5 the "first search means" are defined to search guide data relating to the object to be guided. To the board's understanding this "searching" implies retrieval of the data of interest "in a geographical range on the basis of the present position", wherein the positional relationship between the "geographical range" and the "present position" is only defined inasmuch as it is "on the basis of" the present position, which is not a strong restriction. Also, it is not specified in feature M5 (c.q. feature M6) where these data should be searched or retrieved, presumably it is in the guide data storage means, see feature M7.
3.1.5 In feature M6 it is not clear whether "the object to be guided" is the same object as the object in feature M5: this is in particular confusing, because, according to feature M6, the object should be in a geographical range different from that of the first search means (feature M5), therefore the antecedent appears erroneous.
3.1.6 Finally, feature M8 apparently relates to a means which may issue any instruction to the second search means for performing a search operation.
3.2 Patentability
3.2.1 Document D4 discloses a navigation system comprising a "guide" (i.e. an information storing and retrieving) system as defined in features M1 to M4 of claim 1, wherein these features are to be construed as set out in Section 3.1 supra. For the disclosure of these features in document D4 the opposition division referred in point 4 of its decision to the passage in col. 2, l. 50 to col. 3, l. 25, Figure 1, items 1 - 4 and 12. In fact it would appear that the features, defining the preamble of claim 1, are common to prior art navigation systems and their presence in the system of D4 was not controversial among the parties.
3.2.2 With respect to the "first" and "second search means" (features M5 and M6) the opposition division had identified the key switch K10 shown in Figure 5 of D4 which, with reference to col. 11, l. 40 - 48, could be in two different positions; wherein the reading out means (feature M7) was for reading out the guide data from the guide data storage means searched by either key position of switch K10; and which included means for issuing an instruction (feature M8), under reference to col. 11, l. 4 - 48 of D4. At the oral proceedings the respondent has concurred with this position.
3.2.3 The appellant has disagreed with this view of the opposition division. In particular the appellant has argued that upon activation of input device 11 in Figure 5 of D4 all data of interest (in D4 referred to as "facilities") are loaded in the working memory of the system; that pressing switches K6 or K7 only selects the type of facilities to be displayed; and that switching key switch K10 or scrolling keys K14 and K15 merely changes the display of the area, which data are, however, already in the working memory and do not require a further "search", in contrast to the system of the invention defined in claim 1.
3.2.4 The board does not concur with this interpretation of document D4. According to col. 9, starting at line 9, the system controller 5 calculates the current position data (corresponding to feature M2) and (line 22) searches the map display unit 53 related to the current position data, for example unit 53A. Then the relevant data is transferred to the buffer memory. Similarly in col. 10, starting at line 34, it is disclosed that if at the commencement of the control operation the key switch K6 is pressed the system controller drives the CD-ROM drive and transfers necessary information to the buffer memory. More particularly (col. 10, l. 42) "the system controller 5 searches the map display unit 53A related to the current position data, and identifies, by looking up the detailed data pointer 68, the address of the storage area of the CD-ROM disk DK in which restaurant data that is the detailed service data 80 is stored".
3.2.5 In the opinion of the board these passages clearly disclose that a "first search" is carried out in a geographical range (here: in one of the pluralities of map display units 53A, which are related to the standard drawing sheet management piece 50A, see Figure 2 and col. 7, l. 5 - 7) relating to the "object to be guided" (here: a type of restaurant selected by pressing key switch K6) and on the basis of the current position (one of the maps 53A related to the current position, see col. 9, l. 23) which is obtained by the present position detecting means (see Figure 1: system controller 5 with sensors 1 - 4). Therefore feature M5 is known from document D4.
3.2.6 Figure 2 of this document shows the data structure on the CD-ROM disk DK, further explained in col. 6, starting at line 36. The drawing sheet management table 50 includes a standard drawing sheet management piece 50A, managing data on small-scale maps showing narrow areas and comprising a plurality of map display units 53A; furthermore a middle drawing sheet management piece 50B managing data on middle-scale maps showing middle areas and comprising a plurality of map display units 53B; and a top drawing sheet management piece 50C managing data on large-scale maps showing wide areas and comprising a plurality of map display units 53C. According to col. 3, l. 17 - 21, the plurality of map display units 53B and 53C are configured in the same manner as the map display units 53A.
3.2.7 Each of the small-scale map display units 53A only contains and can manage data in a narrow area. Therefore, if either the present position reaches the end of the area covered by the presently selected map, or if the user activates the key switches K14 and K15 for scrolling toward a next area, or if the user wishes information of a more remote area by activating key switch K10, necessarily such an operation involves a new search by the system controller 5 in the appropriate map display unit, which might be a different unit from the plurality of units 53A (for instance an adjacent unit, in case of scrolling through a further narrow area) or, equally one of the maps in units 53B (wider areas) or 53C (large area, for instance if key switch K10 is activated for displaying a remote area). This further retrieval of "guide data" (i.e. information of facilities) in a geographical range different from the present range in the system of D4 corresponds to feature M6 of claim 1. Finally features M7 (reading out and displaying the information data) and M8 (means for issuing the instruction for a further search, which correspond to key switches K10, K14 and K15) are equally part of the system of D4.
3.2.8 Therefore, having regard to the disclosure in document D4, the subject-matter of claim 1 according to the main request is not novel.
4. First auxiliary Request
4.1 Claim 1 of this request includes the additional condition in feature M6 that the second search means is "for searching guide data relating to the object to be guided within a geographical range on the basis of the present position different from that of the first search means". The board has noted that the respondent has objected to the amendment, as well as the amendments in the claims of the further auxiliary requests. However since, as will be understood from the following, the board finds that the request is not allowable for other reasons, these objections will not be addressed here.
4.2 With reference to col. 11, l. 41 of document D4 the appellant has argued that, even if one would consider the key switch K10 as a generic "first" or "second" search means, the "second search" would in any case not search data within a geographical range on the basis of the present position, because this switch was merely for displaying a remote area other than the area in which the current position was located. The respondent has put forward the opinion that in any case, also if displaying a remote area, the present position must be taken into account by the navigation system.
4.3 With reference to col. 11, l. 34 to 37, it is observed that, when scrolling the picture planes by key switches K14 and K15, planes showing the periphery of the current position ...are scrolled. As explained before, in case the new information is not anymore available in the current small-scale map 53A showing narrow areas the system retrieves the adjacent map 53A on the CD-ROM and transfers the data to the buffer memory. As pointed out in Section 3.1.4, the expression "on the basis of the present position" is not a strong geographical restriction, rather it implies that the present position should, somehow, be taken into account. This condition is clearly met in the requirement that the new range should be at the periphery of the present position.
In addition, if the user in the system of D4 requests a display of a remote area but in a large scale display (map display unit 53C) the large-scale display of this data is still "on the basis of the present position".
4.4 Therefore the features of claim 1 of this request are anticipated by document D4.
5. Second auxiliary request
5.1 Claim 1
5.1.1 Claim 1 of this request includes, additional to claim 1 of the first auxiliary request, the further requirement for the guide output means (feature M4) that this "...outputs an object list, wherein the extracted objects are listed up in the order closer to the present position, obtained by said present position detecting means (5), if a plurality of guidance objects are extracted". Therefore the extracted objects (facilities or general: data of interest) are listed according to the distance of the present position.
5.1.2 According to the respondent, this manner of displaying data (for instance: destinations) is quite common in navigation systems. In this respect the respondent made reference to Figure 5A of document D6. In this Figure at a crossing ("Toranomon crossing") the entire stored information (col. 6, l. 33) is shown, including a list of possible destinations and the respective distances in the sequence of increasing distance (e.g. Tameike 0.5km; Shibuya 6km; Atsugi 52km). In the opinion of the respondent, the skilled person in the field of navigation devices would consider implementing this kind of presentation in the order closer to the present position equally for the display of the navigation system of document D4. The board finds this argument plausible, for instance if the user is interested in displaying possible locations of interest (restaurants, hotels) according to the distance from its present position.
5.1.3 Therefore the subject-matter of claim 1 of this request does not involve an inventive step.
5.2.1 Claim 2 of the second auxiliary request includes the additional restriction for the output means that "...in case a plurality of objects are searched, the guide output means adds information of priority to the extracted objects, to guide and output the objects on the basis of the added priority information".
5.2.2 With reference to Figure 13 of document D4 the respondent has argued that the system of document D4 already allows adding "information of priority" to the extracted objects. Indeed, according to col. 12, l. 56 - 58, the user selects a menu selection, by which desired items in the menu can be displayed (col. 13, l. 13). For instance, either art galleries or museums can be selected (col. 13, l. 9 - 10). In this case only information ("guide") of the objects on the basis of the added priority information (i.e. the selection criteria) is displayed.
5.2.3 The subject-matter of this claim is therefore not novel.
6. Auxiliary requests 3 and 4
6.1 Claim 1 according to auxiliary request 3 is identical to claim 1 according to auxiliary request 2.
6.3 Therefore, for the reasons given in point 5 above, these requests do not include patentable subject-matter.
7. Auxiliary request 5
7.1 In its communication annexed to the summons to oral proceedings, dated 8 February 2008, the board had explained that "According to this Request" (i.e. the present 5th auxiliary request) "...the patent should be maintained on the basis of the claims as held allowable by the opposition division. Since the patent proprietor is the sole appellant neither the board nor the respondent can challenge maintenance of the patent as amended (see Case Law of the Boards of Appeal, 5th Edition, VII.D.6.1)".
7.2 During the oral proceedings the respondent, referring to Section VII.D.7.3.2 and Decisions T 234/86 and T 506/91, argued that the respondent (opponent) was adversely affected by the interlocutory decision and that it should therefore have the possibility of having this decision reviewed.
7.3 It is correct that according to Section VII.D.7.3.2, which is entitled "Party adversely affected", and the cited Decisions the opponent was adversely affected by the interlocutory decision, and that it could have filed an appeal. But by not having filed an appeal the Rulings of the Enlarged Board of Appeal in G 9/92 and G 4/93 apply, where it was concluded:
"If the patent proprietor is the sole appellant against an interlocutory decision maintaining a patent in amended form, neither the Board of Appeal nor the non-appealing opponent as a party to the proceedings as of right under Article 107, second sentence, EPC, may challenge the maintenance of the patent as amended in accordance with the interlocutory decision" (G/9/92, Headnote 1).
7.4 Therefore the board finds that the request of the respondent of reviewing the decision of the opposition division in this respect has no effect.
For these reasons it is decided that:
The appeal is dismissed.
Skip navigation [Alt] + 1
Accessibility information [Alt] + 9
Write to our customer services
The EPO in social media
Facebook: News, photos, videos from the EPO
Facebook: Job vacancies, interviews, testimonials
Twitter: News and announcements from the EPO
Twitter: Job vacancies, interviews, testimonials
LinkedIn: Connect with the EPO
LinkedIn: Connect with our recruitment team
YouTube: Videos about us and about inventors, clips from key events
Instagram: Stories of inventors, inventions, events and activities at the EPO
See our learning resources about patent searching
How to apply for a patent
A step-by-step guide to the grant procedure
Official Journal email alerts
Get the latest issues delivered direct to your inbox
Continually updated information for customers, external partners and potential visitors to the EPO.
Search for events and training by topic, date, location or target audience


Do you find yourself unable to fall asleep, always hurting, having mood swings, or have lost the desire to workout?
If so, this could mean your not getting enough rest. When you put your body through exhausting workouts your actually creating micro tears to the muscle and breaking them down which is great if your muscles recover properly. Breaking down your muscle fibers will help stimulate new muscle growth and strength. During your training sessions you may feel like your muscles are growing the most, but in reality they grow when your body is actually at rest.
Sleep allows you to become stronger by healing and helping you recover from your training all while increasing your growth hormone levels. If your body is unable to recover you will store less glycogen which will lead to you having a flatter look and a decline in your energy and performance. Once you start to lose performance you may run into the risk of getting injured which will be a huge step back in strength and time away from the gym.
Remember… What is good for Bill may not be good for Dave… meaning everyone is different. We need to listen to our bodies when it tells us its time to rest. Now I'm not saying lay on your couch and eat crap all day and consider it a "rest day." You can still go outside, throw the ball around with the kids, walk the dog, and be active, but keep in mind you need to rest to progress.
Some symptoms of inadequate rest and recovery… unable to progressivly increase strength, constantly getting injured, starting to lose your appetite, or losing the desire to train. This usually happens when you have taxed your body for way to long without adequate rest (any where from weeks to months). Although everyone will recover differently, it is wise to have about 48 hours of rest to recovery between strength training sessions (ex. Monday upper body- Thursday upper body). Inadequate recovery increases the stress hormone known as cortisol which in studies is shown to increase cravings for carbohydrates, cause fatigue, increase cholesterol and triglyceride production, decrease serotonin levels causing depression, and even depletes essential vitamins and minerals in the body.
Continue to grow, continue to learn!
Thanks a million Andy fir all the helpful tips, I'm loving this blog.


Last week, 15 leaders from GA, LA, NC, CT, NY, and FL met in Atlanta for training in Gospel Coaching. I had the privilege of leading the Objectives portion of the training. Objectives are the big items that the leader believes need to be accomplished in order to achieve the God given mission.
As I was preparing, my morning Bible study took me to Hebrews 10.
He does away with the first in order to establish the second. 10 And by that will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.
As I read these verses about sanctification, the Lord was showing me that objectives are part of the sanctification process. It became clear to me that we should not think of setting goals or objectives as just the practical part of coaching; rather, it is part of the development God uses to work out our salvation.
We are not perfect, and we will never will be in this life. But the Lord uses coaching to show us objectives we need to pursue and guide us along in this work of becoming more like Christ. This new insight changes the way I approach the act of setting objectives, because I realize it is a continuation of the redeeming work Christ does in us when we yield to him, and consider how He wants to redeem our weaknesses for His glory.
You don't have to face challenges in church ministry alone. A CMM Gospel Coach can help guide you and your church through a process of identifying and implementing practical, measurable, gospel-focused ministry practices that sharpen the God given mission and improve the health of the local church. Learn more today about church coaching!
I've been in the Church Planting business my entire career. I want you to know, you don't have to plant a church alone!
At CMM, we believe every pastor, church planter, and ministry leader is created to thrive in ministry.
I suggest getting a C.R.O.S.S. Coach to help walk with you through the challenges you've never faced before. A coach will help encourage and equip you every step along the way.


text:
Fishing Forum > Virginia Fishing Forum : Virginia Fishing News >
ASMFC Votes in Favor of Striped Bass...
FishNews
Reporter (87337 posts)
ASMFC Votes in Favor of Striped Bass Conservation
Alexandria, VA - - The Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission (ASMFC) voted 10-4 to reject a proposal to increase the commercial harvest of Atlantic striped bass in state waters Tuesday. In May, the ASMFC proposed anaddendum to its current striped bass management plan, which would have increased the commercial striped bass quota by up to 50 percent. Striped bass is a popular sportfish and the nation's largest marine recreational fishery. Recreational anglers from across the country are united in opposition to this proposal, which would have had negative impacts on the striped bass fishery as well as the businesses and communities that depend on it.
"The sportfishing industry applauds the Commission's decision," said American Sportfishing Association Vice President Gordon Robertson. "After months of deliberation, state managers have voted on the side of sound science and conservation, protecting this important fishery from over harvesting and a potential repeat of the collapse of the 1980s."
A recent report by the ASMFC's Striped Bass Technical Committee predicts a steady decline of the number of adult striped bass through the year 2015, without consideration of increased commercial harvest.
In 2007, President George W. Bush issued an executive order declaring gamefish status for the striped bass and barring commercial harvest in federal waters. Despite their gamefish status, striped bass populations in the Atlantic are subject to significant and unreported poaching. Additionally, menhaden, an important prey species for striped bass, has reached its lowest abundance in recorded history as a result of commercial overharvesting.
The Atlantic striped bass fishery has experienced several declines over the past few decades. While the fishery has shown a tremendous recovery since the 1980s, numerous reports have noted decreased catches over the last several years. "This addendum angered and shocked anglers from the outset," Robertson stated. "Atlantic striped bass stocks are being threatened from several different fronts. In addition to illegal harvest in federal waters, more than 70 percent of striped bass are afflicted by the deadly disease Mycobacteriosis in the Chesapeake Bay, the stock's primary spawning ground. Any increase in commercial fishing pressure in state waters could lead to a collapse for this economically and recreationally important fishery."
"With the disease and forage fish challenges in the future of Atlantic striped bass stocks, it is important that the ASMFC continues to take a cautious approach to managing the fishery," Robertson concluded. "The ASMFC decision is the first step to ensuring the vitality of this important fishery. The sportfishing community looks forward to working with managers to conserve and strengthen Atlantic striped bass stocks."
The American Sportfishing Association (ASA) is the sportfishing industry's trade association, committed to looking out for the interests of the entire sportfishing community. We give the industry a unified voice speaking out when emerging laws and policies could significantly affect sportfishing business or sportfishing itself. We invest in long-term ventures to ensure the industry will remain strong and prosperous as well as safeguard and promote the enduring economic and conservation values of sportfishing in America. ASA also represents the interests of America's 60 million anglers who generate over $45 billion in retail sales with a $125 billion impact on the nation's economy creating employment for over one million people.
Mary Jane Williamson (703) 519-9691 x227 or mjwilliamson@asafishing.org


text:
Senior Jesuit priest in East harassed after meeting Navi Pillay
[TamilNet, Tuesday, 17 September 2013, 23:07 GMT]
60-year-old Jesuit Priest Fr Veeresan Yogeswaran, who is one of the leading human rights activists in the East, is at the receiving end of the SL government's ire after his meeting with UN Human Rights High Commissioner Navanetham Pillay during her recent visit to the island. Pamphlets decrying Fr Yogeswaran, printed in Sinhala and in erroneous Tamil – evidently not written by a Tamil – have been published in Trincomalee, some of which have been left outside his residence. Abusing Fr Yogeswaran S.J., as anti-Sri Lankan and someone who 'betrayed his country', the pamphlets also claim that he is living in a palatial house from where he was indulging in 'conspiracy activities' against the SL government.
Navi Pillay who visited Trincomalee during her trip to the island last month had met Sri Lanka's colonial military Governor of Eastern Province Rear Admiral (retd) Mohan Wijewickrama and the Sri Lankan Government Agents of the three districts in the East and the ruling UPFA's Chief Minister of the province. She also met and interacted with the general public and human rights activists from Trincomalee.
Right before her visit to Trincomalee, SL military operatives visited several so-called welfare camps and took away people known for speaking out.
Fr Yogeswaran who runs the Centre for Promotion and Protection of Human Rights has been handling human rights issues on the legal front, in the Batticaloa district since 1985. He has handled cases of forced disappearances too in the district.
After his meeting with UN High Commissioner, the SL military intelligence has sought explanation from him over telephone.
Consequently, the pamphlets have been issued on the night of September 14.
In the meantime, the SL police personnel who visited his house on September 15, removed the pamphlets from the vicinity of his residence.
Deploying intelligence operatives on one hand and showcasing the so-called rule of law through the dramas of the SL police on the other, has become the order of the day in the occupied country of Eezham Tamils, civil activists in the East commented.


text:
Another way to look at baseball's massive power increase this season
Written By Alex Novick
https://images.performgroup.com/di/library/sporting_news/81/4/30-hr-seasons-last-4-years_10sbtm7uturdw130bw81nfdq16.png?t=-1869648609&w=500&quality=80
Balls were flying out of the yard this season at nearly a record pace, and lots of guys got in on the action.
There were 38 different players who hit at least 30 homers in 2016, which is the most since 2001 and fifth-most all time. It's the only year in the top 13 on that list which doesn't fall between 1996 and 2008.
The number is even wackier when you consider there were only 11 players to hit 30 homers just two years ago, and 14 the year before that.
MORE: The worst every-day players of 2016
Of the 38 players to go deep at least 30 times in 2016, 13 of them did it for the first time.
For 23 of the 38, a career high was set. And 10 of those guys set a career high by at least 10 home runs. Those were Mark Trumbo, Kris Davis, Brian Dozier, Kris Bryant, Freddie Freeman, Rougned Odor, Adam Duvall, Yasmany Tomas, Mookie Betts and Brad Miller.
There were eight players to hit 40 in 2016, five of whom did it for the first time. That was Trumbo, Davis, Dozier, Chris Carter and Todd Frazier.
This season saw the second-most home runs ever hit per game at 1.16, way up from 1.01 in 2015 and 0.86 in 2014. It narrowly falls short of the record set in the year 2000 at 1.17.
All the long balls didn't translate into as much overall production as you might expect, with 21 of the 38 30-homer players failing to reach 100 runs batted in. This destroys the previous record for number of players with that distinction in a season, which was 16 in 2012. Two players, Curtis Granderson and Jedd Gyorko, tied to crush the previous low for RBIs in a 30-homer season with 59 apiece.
Moreover, 2016 ranks just 19th all time in cumulative slugging percentage and sits 78th for most runs scored per game, going all the way back to 1871.
Part of that must be attributed to the fact that 2016 set the all-time record for strikeouts per game at 8.03. But this isn't really a big deal at all, since that record has been set every year since 2008 .


text:
Der-fa Chen
Analyzing processing quality of machine tools via processed product: Example of ball valve processing machine
Chen, K-S., Chen, D-F., Huang, M-C. & Chang, T-C., 2020, In: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering. 234, 4, p. 331-341 11 p.
Developing a competency model for safety professionals: Correlations between competency and safety functions
Chang, S. H., Chen, D. F. & Wu, T. C., 2012 Dec 1, In: Journal of Safety Research. 43, 5-6, p. 339-350 12 p.
Safety factor
Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
Electro-oculogram control signal system for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis constructed by using labview technology
Chen, C. C., Wu, S. S., Chen, D. & Wei, J-B., 2011 Aug 1, In: ICIC Express Letters. 5, 8 A, p. 2691-2698 8 p.
Signal systems
Eye movements
Electrooculography
Hydroxychloroquine may reduce risk of Pneumocystis pneumonia in lupus patients: A Nationwide, population-based case-control study
Yeo, K-J., Chen, H-H., Chen, Y-M., Lin, C-H., Chen, D-Y., Lai, C-M. & Chao, W-C., 2020, In: BMC Infectious Diseases. 20, 1
Improvement of matrix converter drive reliability by online fault detection and a fault-tolerant switching strategy
Nguyen-Duy, K., Liu, T. H., Chen, D. F. & Hung, J. Y., 2012 Jan 1, In: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 59, 1, p. 244-256 13 p., 5772928.
Matrix converters
Synchronous motors
Improving SVD-based image watermarking via block-by-block optimization on singular values
Huang, H. N., Chen, D. F., Lin, C. C., Chen, S. T. & Hsu, W. C., 2015 Dec 22, In: Eurasip Journal on Image and Video Processing. 2015, 1, 25.
Image watermarking
Singular value decomposition
Wavelet transforms
Innovation capability configuration and its influence on the relationship between perceived innovation requirement and organizational performance: Evidence from IT manufacturing companies
Su, M. F., Cheng, K. C., Chung, S. H. & Chen, D. F., 2018 Dec 10, In: Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management. 29, 8, p. 1316-1331 16 p.
Innovation Capability
Integrating refined kano model and QFD for service quality improvement in healthy fast-food chain restaurants
Chen, K. J., Yeh, T. M., Pai, F. Y. & Chen, D. F., 2018 Jul, In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 15, 7, 1310.
Mixed modified recurring Rogers-Szego polynomials neural network control with mended grey wolf optimization applied in SIM expelling system
Chen, D. F., Shih, Y. C., Li, S. C., Chen, C. T. & Ting, J. C., 2020 May 1, In: Mathematics. 8, 5, 754.
Neural Network Control
Szegö Polynomials
Rule Learning
Nonlinear backstepping control of SynRM drive systems using reformed recurrent Hermite polynomial neural networks with adaptive law and error estimated law
Ting, J. C. & Chen, D. F., 2018 Sep, In: Journal of Power Electronics. 18, 5, p. 1380-1397 18 p., JPE 18-5-9.
Backstepping
Switching functions
Novel mingled reformed recurrent hermite polynomial neural network control system applied in continuously variable transmission system
Ting, J. C. & Chen, D. F., 2018 Sep 1, In: Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology. 32, 9, p. 4399-4412 14 p.
Permanent-magnet SLM drive system using AMRRSPNNB control system with DGWO
Chen, D-F., Shih, Y-C., Li, S-C., Chen, C-T. & Ting, J-C., 2020, In: Energies. 13, 11
Reengineering industry-oriented educational programs at senior high schools in Taiwan
Chen, D. F., Liu, H. H., Shyr, W. J., Huang, S. J. & Lu, C. H., 2018, In: Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education. 14, 7, p. 2757-2769 13 p.
SynRM servo-drive CVT systems using MRRHPNN control with mend ACO
Ting, J. C. & Chen, D. F., 2018 Sep, In: Journal of Power Electronics. 18, 5, p. 1409-1423 15 p., JPE 18-5-11.
Ant colony optimization
The influence of performance feedback frequency and affective commitment on the sunk cost effect
Chen, D. F., Chen, P. K., Chung, S. H., Cheng, K-C. & Wu, C. H., 2020 Jul 1, In: Managerial and Decision Economics. 41, 5, p. 873-882 10 p.
Performance Feedback
Affective Commitment
A fault-tolerant modulation method to counteract the double open-switch fault in matrix converter drive systems without redundant power devices
Chen, D., Nguyen-Duy, K., Liu, T. H. & Andersen, M. A. E., 2012 Dec 1, 10th International Power and Energy Conference, IPEC 2012. p. 65-70 6 p. 6523240. (10th International Power and Energy Conference, IPEC 2012).
A novel strategy of a matrix converter-PMSM drive system during lightning protection interval
Liu, T. H. & Chen, D., 2011 Dec 1, 2011 7th Asia-Pacific International Conference on Lightning, APL2011. p. 30-35 6 p. 6111068. (2011 7th Asia-Pacific International Conference on Lightning, APL2011).
Optimizing PSNR for image watermarking using summation quantization on DWT coefficients
Yang, C. T., Chu, W. C. C., Huang, H. N., Chen, S. T., Chen, D. F., Lin, C. C. & Chang, C. H., 2015 Sep 21, Proceedings - 2015 IEEE 39th Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference - Stephen S. Yau Academic Symposium, COMPSAC 2015. Huang, G., Chu, W., Hsiung, P-A., Yang, J., Chang, C. K., Ahamed, S. I. & Crnkovic, I. (eds.). IEEE Computer Society, p. 68-74 7 p. 7273294. (Proceedings - International Computer Software and Applications Conference; vol. 1).
Discrete wavelet transforms
Research on the Combination of IoT and Assistive Technology Device—Prosthetic Damping Control as an Example
Chou, Y. S. & Chen, D., 2019 Jan 1, Frontier Computing - Theory, Technologies and Applications FC 2018. Hung, J. C., Yen, N. Y. & Hui, L. (eds.). Springer Verlag, p. 1934-1938 5 p. (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering; vol. 542).
The relationships among budgetary slack, customers' relationship quality and organizational performance
Chen, D., Lu, C. H., Chang, A., Liu, H. H. & Cheng, K-C., 2016 Aug 31, Proceedings - 2016 5th IIAI International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics, IIAI-AAI 2016. Hiramatsu, A., Matsuo, T., Kanzaki, A. & Komoda, N. (eds.). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., p. 1157-1161 5 p. 7557789. (Proceedings - 2016 5th IIAI International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics, IIAI-AAI 2016).
The study on the relationships among organizational culture, strategies of the TVE Reform Project and competitive advantage of TVE Institutions in Taiwan
Chen, D. F., Liu, H. H., Chang, A. & Chen, C. C., 2017 Jan 1, Proceedings of the 45th SEFI Annual Conference 2017 - Education Excellence for Sustainability, SEFI 2017. Bernardino, J., Rocha, J. & Quadrado, J. C. (eds.). European Society for Engineering Education (SEFI), p. 1006-1012 7 p. (Proceedings of the 45th SEFI Annual Conference 2017 - Education Excellence for Sustainability, SEFI 2017).
reform of vocational education
Wavelet-domain image watermarking using optimization-based mean quantization
Huang, H. N., Chen, D., Lin, C. C. & Chen, S. T., 2014 Jan 1, Intelligent Data Analysis and Its Applications - the 1st Euro-China Conference on Intelligent Data Analysis and Applications, Proceeding. Snasel, V., Abraham, A., Corchado, E. S., Wang, S-L., Pan, J-S. & Pan, J-S. (eds.). Springer Verlag, p. 279-286 8 p. (Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing; vol. 297).


Why It Is Unique Among Biases?"
and the hail shall sweep away the refuge of lies, and the waters shall overflow the hiding place.
There is so much to say about the subject of anti-Semitism, and nothing to say. It has infamously existed since early recorded history and still aggregates worldwide.
It commonly and pervasively rears its ugly head as one of the most predominant aspects of intolerance, and, not unlike cockroaches in its enduring tenacity, represents a major failing of poor and struggling, floundering, ever suffering mankind.
The failings, of which there are many, include the significant one of the inability to rise above disunifying discrimination and intolerance based on nationalism, religion, race, denomination, gender, any differences, just being different it seems, is enough of an excuse for some to propagate intense hatred that finds a way to manifest in one cruel and violent form or another.
And it often stems from the quest for power at any cost, as we witnessed in Nazi Germany, when Hitler convincingly and hatefully railed against the Jews. Accepted and perceived then as noble by many of the German citizenry, he subsequently proceeded to pillage Jewish homes, lands, assets, and their very lives; which helped to finance the war he was about to wage on the rest of mankind. He conveniently was quite skilled at using the tools of hatred through anti-Semitism for the gain of his own personal power; and it worked, for a while. .
You shall love your neighbor as yourself. .
See, how we are Righteously Guided to be ever wary of hateful propaganda for personal power.
For example, American politics is now set a new record of indecent and inappropriate mudslinging throughout this recent and ongoing Democrat run for the nominee. As a non-partisan independent voter, voting for person rather than party, I observe that the spokespeople for the Republican party rarely, if ever, resort to that level of name calling which plays on dangerous emotions, as in the phrase : "hate George Bush" being bandied about all over the place as representative of Democrat perspective, through the media.. .
even as I have Kept My FATHER's Commandments, and Abide In His Love..
The blatant hatred that is being propagated is a dangerous and divisive display for the American public to digest. It needs to stop! For the sake of the good of the nation, elections need be campaigned through civil, truthful and decent means, by deserving parties truly representative of this great land of America.
So, we witness hatred against a person, a people or a party or a group, and we often dismayingly witness, as too often in politics, the pervasive motive and cause as a grab for power. .
Of all the diverse biases that exist and that have existed, the uniqueness of anti Semitism is of great interest.
How is it that a people whose religion has formed the basis of belief for so many internationally, are so historically, so consistently, persecuted by so many?
...Jesus, Whose Ministry was Preached to Jews, for the sake of the Jews, against the dangerous and destructive hypocrisy and corruption within the hierarchy handling the Holy and Sacred Word of GOD: Written by Jews through The Holy Ghost: .
for Salvation is of the Jews. .
Some claim that anti-Semitism stems from the attending at the trial of Jesus, of the Jewish hierarchy and their persistence for His execution.Yet it is obvious that it is not the Jewish people that assume the blame, but that not unlike most disruption of that nature, the blame is on the corrupted whose motives were to protect their own positions of power from the ONE Whom they perceived, not in Truth as a Healer, a Guide and a Savior, but who, as with blind greed and ruthlessness, perceived Him as a threat to their positions of authority.
but the Will of The FATHERwhich has Sent Me.
However, in Jesus' Resurrection, it was Made clear through His Holy Spirit that the Mission was to include the Gentiles; a subsequent and progressive building on the foundation of Judaism, worldwide; and of which Jesus Christ had Founded as a Religion and Faith with certain Principles based solely on Scripture; accentuating Jesus' Teachings in the New Testament, but consistently referring to, and not denying the foundation of the Old.
springing up into everlasting life. .
Thus, faith and belief in Jesus Christ as The Savior is widespread and worldwide, to what Godly Purpose?
that the world may believe that You have Sent Me. .
...ever seeking to create bigotry, intolerance and vicious hatred for its primary motive and cause of mankind's destructive disunion in GOD and against His Salvation: the disunity which strengthens Evil and its powers of terror and destruction.
and the waters shall overflow the hiding place. .
...the enduring Miriam; the faithful convert Ruth; the beautiful and loyal Esther, as of the Marys, etc., etc.: all extraordinary women of stature and courage; Isaiah, accurately Prophetic of the Savior, the list of the beloved Prophets and the others goes on and on that are so well loved;.....including all the good and decent, peace loving, hard working family people, now and throughout history; all of which just happen to be Jews.
Rosh Hashana, . "The Head Of The Year"
"STRAIGHTFORWARD FOR LIFE" ""The Gift Of Prophecy"
Featuring photos from the Holy Land.
"The New Jerusalem Church On The Rock"
"ONE GOD".| Religion| Streaming|- Sermons| "A Portrait of Christ"
"TRUE FAITH vs. FEAR: VIRTUE vs. EVIL" GET THE ANTIDOTE FOR FEAR!..||. "THE SAVIOR OF THE WORLD"
Join In the"Aug. 1, 06- Prayer Across America"
8/05/06 "Thousands March In Pro-Terrorist War Demonstrations"
Celebrating. - .GOD's New World Religion. - ."Magnificence". - .EIGHT Years Online-Anniversary.
Emphasizing Christ's Resurrection and Unity For Mankind.
A Ministry For Unity in GOD, In Truth.
"Visions .Of. The. Eternal. Collection"


text:
Camptosaurus
May 2, 2020 May 30, 2020 Paleontology_US
Camptosaurus is a genus of plant-eating, beaked ornithischian dinosaurs of the Late Jurassic period of western North America. The name means 'flexible lizard' (Greek καμπτος (kamptos) meaning 'bent' and σαυρος (sauros) meaning 'lizard').
Camptosaurus dispar (blue) compared in size to a human and other iguanodonts
Quick Camptosaurus Facts
Lived in what is now known as Europe and North America
As long as 1/2 the length of a semi-trailer
Weighed as much as 2 Grizzly Bears
Its name means "flexible lizard"
Was an herbivore
About Camptosaurus
Camptosaurus is a dinosaur that was first discovered on September 4th, 1879 by William Harlow Reed. It was discovered in Albany County, Wyoming. Around the same time of this discovery, Othniel Charles Marsh discovered another one and named it Camptosaurus – which means "flexible lizard." It's believed this dinosaur lived during the late Jurassic period – about 145 to 156 million years ago.
Here are some interesting facts about Camptosaurus: This dinosaur is approximately 23 feet long, 4 feet high and weighed around 2200 pounds. That would mean it weighed as much as 2 full grown Grizzly Bears combined. Judging from all of the Camptosaurus specimens that have been found, it is believed that they primarily lived in North America and Europe.
As you can probably see from the following Camptosaurus pictures, these dinosaurs were heavy built creatures with strong hindquarters and wide feet that allowed it to hold its body upright. These dinosaurs also had big snouts that had a whole lot of teeth and had a horny beak that was probably useful in tearing through tough vegetable matter.
Judging from what they can tell about these dinosaurs, it appears that they were herbivores and only dined on plants. Some of the plants that might have been in their diet include: club mosses, ginkgo, conifer needles, horsetails and ferns.
Like most herbivores, these dinosaurs probably traveled in large herds for protection from predators. While they don't have a lot of defensive features individually, if they worked together as a group they could have fended off carnivores a lot better. Especially if they were as fast as paleontologists believe them to be.
Many scientists believe that these dinosaurs could run at a top speed of about 15 miles per hour. They believe that because other iguanodonts are also believed to have fast running speeds. If that's true, then that could have made all the difference in their survival. And if they traveled in herds, then it is quite possible they moved on the ground much in the same way that birds move in the sky.
Source: Wikipedia an newdinosaurs
Also read: Megalosaurus
Giraffatitan
Struthiomimus
Sauroposeidon
June 30, 2020 June 30, 2020 Paleontology_US
June 4, 2020 June 4, 2020 Paleontology_US


My name is Ed and I'm volunteering with Classics for All before I go to study Classics at Cambridge. On 8th June, I visited Greig City Academy and had the chance to interview Adrian, a multilingual Year 9 student from Romania, about the value of learning Latin and studying classical culture more broadly.
Adrian was introduced to Latin by Charlie Andrew through her Classics Club at the school and is now working towards his Latin GCSE. He said he was originally drawn to Classics Club because he is "interested in the past and how so many languages come from Latin". We went on to discuss the legacy of the ancient world – he is interested in classical architecture, the effects of which we agreed are so ubiquitous now as to be almost imperceptible, and he expressed his admiration for the way in which "so many ancient buildings still stand today, so many years later".
Adrian also told me about how much he had enjoyed learning about war in the ancient world, "particularly Boudicca", and the training and battle tactics that produced such unparalleled armies and campaigns.
There is also, he said, something rewarding about Latin grammar: not only is it undeniably satisfying to get it right after the necessary hard work but it also, he continued, "helped with English and Spanish more than anything in other subjects".
I asked whether the attitude of his friends towards Latin were broadly positive or negative: he explained that some were initially ambivalent about the value of studying a classical language where lesson time might arguably be better spent on core subjects. (You have to miss an admittedly very small number of lessons in other subjects to study Latin at Greig City Academy until it is timetabled in Year 10.) He did imply, however, that attitudes are changing as more and more students recognise both the utility of Latin when it comes to other subjects and its intrinsic value.
Either way, this class is being inspirationally taught by Charlie Andrew and their results, in other subjects as well as Latin, will I'm sure speak for themselves.


Visibility iconic stretch cotton logo band triangle bra with Emporio Armani branding on contrast straps.
Microfiber padded triangle bra provides extra support and lift for ultimate comfort. Features contrast Emporio Armani branding on the bottom base.
Stretch cotton triangle bra features Emporio Armani branding on the straps with eagle logo on the front.
Comfortable microfiber contour bra features Emporio Armani branding on bottom band with thin straps.


text:
Suspect arrested in mall parking lot shooting that injured 3
With eight pledges in seven days, Penn State football enjoys eventful week in recruiting
LAUREN MUTHLER
Centre Daily Times (TNS)
Penn State football capped off an eventful week of recruiting Friday night by nabbing its seventh — and then eighth —commitments in the span of seven days.
Brandon Taylor, a three-star defensive end from Lima, Ohio, became the 15th member of James Franklin's 2020 recruiting class when he announced his commitment Friday night, followed less than an hour later by four-star DE Amin Vanover, of Montvale, New Jersey.
The pair join four-star DB Enzo Jennings, three-star LB Tyler Elsdon, three-star DT Fatorma Mulbah, four-star WR Jaden Dottin, four-star DT Coziah Izzard and three-star JUCO S Ji'Ayir Brown in pledging to the Nittany Lions since June 21, typically a slow period for commitments. During that same time period, four-star LB Derek Wingo, a Florida native, flipped his commitment to the Gators.
The 6-foot-4, 260-pound Vanover is ranked sixth in his state and 12th at his position by Rivals. He had offers from 21 programs, and chose the Nittany Lions over the likes of Alabama, Clemson, Georgia, Ohio State and Pittsburgh.
"The decision was not easy, but I'm blessed to say I'll be continuing my academic and athletic career at Penn State University," he wrote on TwitterFriday evening.
Taylor is a 6-foot-2, 250-pound prospect who's ranked 14th in Ohio and 19th at his position by Rivals. He had offers from 18 other programs, including Akron, Cincinnati, Kentucky, Michigan and Michigan State.
The two additions to Sean Spencer's line have moved the Nittany Lions up to No. 10 in 247Sports' 2020 recruiting rankings, jumping up five spots since Thursday and 17 since since June 21.


text:
Jessica by Jason Overby
Overby, Jason. Jessica. 2008. 28 pages.
I first heard of Jason Overby through Austin English's new 20 Questions with Cartoonists blog. Overby's website is basically an image blog of comics pages posted on Flickr. Images like this one impressed me enough to track down a copy of his latest minicomic Jessica (his website says he's sold out so I got mine from Poopsheet for $6).
Overby's drawings are unlike any I've seen in comics before. He uses a thin and frenetic line that looks like it is vibrating at a high speed. His characters often look like they are breaking apart, about to explode into a cloud of disconnected lines at any moment. Stray lines, dots, and marks pepper the panels, often like pieces of dust on a photo negative. In Jessica, these lines are tempered by areas of black which are clearly placed with deliberation for balance across the page.
The narrative in the comic is a first person narrated (probably) autobiographical vignette. The narrator is talking to a friend and ends up reminiscing about a girl he liked named Jessica. She worked at a restaurant he frequented (I think a coffee shop, though like much in this comic it is vague), and they went out a few times. Nothing really happened. Nothing really happens. I am actually let down by the story. The art is so unusual and crazy that I expected a corresponding excitement from the story being told, yet all those great images essentially tell another boring autobiographical story.
Overby works in a lot of interiority to the narration. Thought balloons, the narration itself, and visual cues in the art. For instance, in the panels above, the narrator has taken off his headphones and hears the music playing in the cafe. We later learn that it is the Talking Heads and that the cafe has been playing it "all the time." The second panel shown gives an indication of emotional state based on the even more chaotic than usual face. The panels below show the chaotic mixing of thought and speech which works really well with Overby's style.
One of the odder aspects of the book is the way Overby often shows the narrator as a floating circular shape with four circles inside it, almost like an alien skull. Word balloons narrating the story point to this shape, but I can't figure out why the narrator is represented that way, what it symbolizes (if anything). It's odd and fascinating.
At the end of the story, the narrator tells how he sits drawing in the cafe, where often a lot of girls would be, "waiting for some fuzzy potentiality to unravel itself." Fuzzy potentiality unravelling might be a great way to describe this book. The imagery has a fuzzy quality to it, and Overby is certainly filled with potential, but what unravels here is like a date that goes nowhere.
I've been following Overby's blog, marveling at the pages he posts, and I look forward to reading whatever he publishes next.
— November 9th, 2008
Newer post: Craghead is a poet
Older post: Text, image, layout, rhetoric
Tag: chaos
Tag: line
Tag: minicomics
Tag: style