The reason for these episodes is to give you enough information to be able to enjoy Jazz at a higher level.
Recently I've been reading this book ~ Sync: How Order Emerges from Chaos in the Universe, Nature, and Daily Life by Steven Strogatz. Its how synchronization happens in nature. At different levels and species. How oscillators can sync up together.
Everything In Jazz is about being in synchronized time. This happens at a very granular level when you're listening to a beat ~ and there is a certain pulse.
And there are rhythmic movements against that pulse. Then it happens at larger units when you are going to units of four bars, or eight bars or twelve bars.
In this particular episode we're going to focus on one simple thing that is probably at the real foundation of Jazz. And that is the Blues form.
The Blues form is very simple. All I want at the end of this episode is to be able to count to 12. Very simple and very practical because this will allow you to recognise the Blues form wherever you hear it.
When you hear it in a Jazz setting, when you hear it in Rock and Roll, when you hear it in old Delta Blues, when you hear it in any form of Blues that is the building block of so much of the music we listen to in everything up to current music.
So the main thing you have to understand about the Blues it its form. Blues is built of (and again I'm not going into the history ~ I want you to research that on your own) but I want you to just think about the form of the Blues.
The form of the Blues is basically three lines if you think about it or three units of four bars. So what's a bar. You've all been in some high school band or something and you know how to count up to four.
You know that a musical bar is a synchronized rhythm of four beats a bar. That means you count to four and then you start counting again. And units of four bars can be put together. So 4 units of 4 bars in 4/4 rhythm would essentially be 1, 2, 3, 4 and multiply that 4 times. And then repeat the unit of 4, which is one bar then each unit of 4 bars get repeated 3 times.
So you're looking at two rhythms, or two frequencies of rhythm. One is at the single bar level. One is at the 4 bar level. And then you have 3 of those and that repeats the form. And so the form is the slowest moving unit and all we want to do in this video is to learn how to count the form.
And why is this important ~ because this is the first step to not feeling lost in a Jazz context. If you can count the form ~ if you can recognise groups of 4 bars ~ if you can recognise when an 8 bar grouping ends, you can recognise a Blues form. Then you're already familiar, you feel like there is something that is repeating. There is something that you can connect to when you're listening to it. And it's an endless array of beats and bars and one is coming here and the two is coming there and you're not sure what's happening then you feel lost.
But when you can count the rhythms and you know when things are starting and ending then you have a much greater chance of keeping track of the music and staying in focus on what people are doing.
So we're going to start really simple with a 12 bar Blues, and in this 12 bar Blues there's not going to be any soloists. So that is going to make it much easier to count and all we are going to focus on is counting the bars. Counting within the bars and counting the bars. So here we go.
Three rows of 4 bars. You always hear the 'One' at the beginning of the 12 bar.
So you're beginning to see how this counting works for the Blues. 3 systems of 4 bars each creating together a cycle of 12 bars. And that's how all Blues works in general.
And you can follow along with any Blues, whether it's slow or fast. Whether it's somebody singing, whether its somebody playing and we'll get to that in a minute.
By the way if you are a musician and you looked at the chords there, those were not exactly the chords being played in the backing track, but let's ignore that at the moment.
So let's talk for a moment about historical Blues and certainly the Blues you hear being sung and all the forms of Rock and Roll and so on.
So the form always stays the same. The 3 lines or 3 groupings of 4 bars. But what you see is that the lyrics typically have a different structure.
The lyrics are basically a repeat of the same line once. Then the second time is the same as the first in most cases. And then the third is sort of like a punchline. So it's almost like the format I wouldn't a joke as some of them are very, very sad and serious.
They basically have a format of a question, a repeat of the question and then an answer. Some kind of conclusion. It's like a short story in a way.
That is the way it works. The first two systems are repeated and then you get the third one that resolves it, usually in a surprising way. So let's see how that system of lyrics works together with the 12 bar form.
Ok you see how that worked. The lyrics and the form worked together to create this unique creation that we call the Blues.
Now what is important is for you to do some background research. Go back to some Blues songs you know and Rock and Roll songs you know and try and do this counting.
And of course if you're listening to Jazz and find this Blues try to apply this counting.
We heard some backing tracks that didn't have a soloist and we heard some tracks with lyrics. Now we are going to hear some real Jazz Blues. And in this case its Oscar Peterson and his famous trio and this is going to be a lot harder to keep track of. Number one because it's going to be much faster, and number two because you're going to see that the trio is working against the rhythm.
You're counting and as you're trying to keep track of all the form you're going to see what you've probably heard of the syncopation and all sorts of games with against the time really give that feel we call the 'jazzy feel'.
But again in order to know where you are in the form. In order to know what it is they are referencing you have to keep track of this form. If you're not keeping track of the form then you're kind of missing out on the Bluesy historical element of this whole performance and you're just hearing the very first level of intelligence that's going on here.
There's a whole other level about how they're dealing with the chords, about how they're dealing with the reharmonisation. What they are doing with the rhythm. All of these things ~ there are many, many layers going on here. And there's areas of interplay and how they relate to each other and how a phrase on the piano is suddenly reflects itself on the bass. A bass note then pushes Oscar Peterson into another direction. How the drums are interacting and all of these things are aspects and different layers on top of each other.
But the very basic layer is knowing what the form is, you are able to track and keep counting 12 bar forms. So I'm going to try to count with you and them I'm going to ask you to do is find some Blues on your own. There's a million on YouTube and Jazz Blues on Youtube.
Just try to count it out. Stay with the soloists, stay with the different players and just try to keep the form and know where you are at any moment in the Blues form.
So this concludes the second episode of Active Listening in Jazz for Non-Musicians and I hope you are starting to get some understanding of the form in Jazz and we'll talk a lot more about that and different forms.
See my Active Listening in Jazz for Non-Musicians Youtube Playlist with the first three episodes already recorded. Subscribe to the playlist to catch new episodes.


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Can You Gentrify America's Poorest, Most Dangerous City?
Peter Moskowitz
Filed to: GENTRIFICATION
AMERICA'S POOR
There are two narratives about Camden, New Jersey that media outlets like to rely on. One is of a city so dangerous and poor that its salvation is near-hopeless. That narrative can be seen in Matt Taibbi's Rolling Stone article "Apocalypse, New Jersey," in The Nation's "City of Ruins" and in NBC's "America's 'Invincible' City Brought to Its Knees."
Then there's the narrative of rebirth—writers argue that despite its long odds, Camden's resilient spirit will resuscitate its lifeless downtown, turning it into, if not quite what it was at its peak, something better than it is now. "Is Camden on the Cusp of Revival?" Philadelphia magazine questioned last month. "Camden Turns Around With New Police Force," the New York Times proclaimed over the summer (the statistics contained within that story are extremely misleading, as they only go back two years, beginning in 2012 when the new police force arrived in Camden).
The problem with these narratives isn't that they're wrong. It's that they are both simultaneously right. Camden is indeed one of America's poorest and most violent cities. Its poverty rate is high and stagnant, hovering around 40 percent year after year. But it is also experiencing an infusion of cash and high-paying jobs. More and more people are visiting the city's revitalized waterfront district each year. More townhomes at prices unheard of just a few years ago are being built and sold.
These two Camdens rarely interact with each other. Will they continue to coexist side-by-side?
Gallery Eleven One is run by William and Ronja Butler. It's housed in a converted firehouse, on the corner of one of the city's prettiest blocks in Cooper Grant. The area is mostly comprised of red brick townhouses tucked behind Rutgers University's Camden campus—just a few blocks from the city's waterfront.
From here, you can get to the center of Philadelphia in 10 minutes by car, 20 minutes by train, and 45 minutes by walking over the Ben Franklin Bridge, which can be seen from nearly everywhere in the city.
The Butlers moved to Camden three-and-a-half years ago from Des Moines, Iowa. As William Butler tells it, they were looking for not only a cheap space to produce and showcase art, but a space in which they felt they could help create a sense of community.
"When we first came here, we saw a void," Butler said as he stood amid his own paintings hanging in the front of the gallery. "I'm one who believes that if you go to a place and you are doing it for good, people feel that authenticity. People feel the revitalization. It leaches out into other neighborhoods."
To that end, the Butlers open their gallery to the public one Thursday each month, and coordinate with other local artists and businesses to create tours of the limited arts and music venues in Camden.
In cities where gentrification is an ever-present threat to long-time residents, gentrifiers are often too nervous about being labeled gentrifiers to talk honestly about their plans for moving to a neighborhood or city (with the exception of the seemingly never-ending font of Williamsburg residents featured in the New York Times.) But Butler didn't strike me as ignorant as much as honest. He's keenly aware of the role artists like him play in the process of gentrification. He just doesn't know what to do about it.
"You don't want to drive people out, but I also don't think you can leave things empty," he said. "But if you bring in galleries and restore old buildings, does that raise the rents? Of course it does."
Down the street from Butler's gallery, sandwiched between downtown and the waterfront, is the The Victor, a converted loft building. Camden's downtown looks similar to any other medium-sized American city downtown: wide streets, parking garages, and hardly any people. But Camden's is more empty than most. On a weekday afternoon, I spotted maybe three other pedestrians near The Victor. The streets were so quiet I could hear a construction worker hammering something from blocks away.
Rent for a one-bedroom at The Victor is about $1,200 a month, a bargain compared with New York prices, but steep when you consider Camden's average income is under $13,000.
As a writer writing about a changing Camden, you couldn't hope for better symbolism: For most of the 1900s, the building housed an RCA stereo factory, which provided hundreds of jobs to Camden residents. After General Electric bought RCA, production in Camden was shut down in 1992 and the building was left vacant, often prone to vandalism. In 2003, a mega-developer from Philadelphia came in, bought the property, and rebranded it as a luxury loft destination for adventurous professionals.
"Come see the changing face of Camden," the area's economic development website says.
This is where Stephen Danley lives. Danley, who is a public policy professor at Rutgers, took me through the patchouli-scented, doorman-guarded lobby of The Victor, up its elevator (which has to be unlocked by a doorman via a button behind the front-desk), and to the roof. Here, with the Philly skyline ahead of us, he pointed out what some deem Camden's biggest success, and others its biggest boondoggle: the waterfront.
The office of Camden Mayor Dana Redd would not return calls for this story. Neither would Coopers Ferry, the economic development organization that oversees most of the development on the waterfront. But it's no secret that Camden's leaders are looking to the waterfront to revitalize the city.
"I could not be more grateful today. I am elated for my city," Mayor Redd said at the announcement of a new practice facility for the Philadelphia 76ers. The basketball organization was lured to Camden with the promise of millions in tax breaks. Redd called the facility a "catalyst for change."
Camden's waterfront is where nearly all the money that gets spent on Camden is allocated. But almost no longtime residents live or work there. The waterfront and downtown are cut off from the rest of Camden by I-676, which brings commuters from New Jersey's more affluent suburbs straight past the city and over the Ben Franklin bridge into Philadelphia every morning. Unless you have a loft at The Victor, or a house in Cooper Grant, the waterfront is out of reach.
"This is the new trickle-down economics," Danley said. "But it's really hard to swallow this idea that the waterfront could make people's lives better when their basic needs aren't being met."
The Victor's developer, Dranoff Properties, just last week put the building up for sale. The company refused to comment, but if the other building Dranoff owns in Camden is any indication, their development strategy isn't working.
That building is located down the street from The Victor, away from the waterfront and towards the rest of Camden. Dranoff has promised to develop The Radio Lofts for the last four years. It's unclear why they remain vacant, though some speculate that there's not enough demand for upscale housing in the city to justify renovating the building. Right now, the building sits gutted with three huge banners hanging vertically near the top. Each banner contains one word. Together they read: "CONDOMINIUMS COMING SOON."
Politicians have poured hundreds of millions of dollars into redeveloping the waterfront area. In 2002, Gov. Jim McGreevey allocated $175 million in loans and bonds on Camden. But, according to an investigation by the Philadelphia Inquirer, less than five percent of that money was spent on improving services important to Camden's 75,000 residents—such as job training, schools, and reducing crime. Over $100 million, however, went to the city's waterfront and downtown to help build a law school, redevelop industrial piers into pathways, and build a privately-owned aquarium.
In exchange for the millions, Camden gave over control of much of its city government to a state board. Many of the city's biggest municipal responsibilities are still controlled by the state, including its school system.
That kind of lopsided investment continues today. The school system remains chronically underfunded. This year, Camden's superintendent Paymon Rouhanifard announced that hundreds of jobs could be eliminated to make up for a $75 million budget shortfall. As a result, many public schools are being turned over to charters (schools that receive public funding but are owned by nonprofits or corporations).
Camden's poverty rate is 39 percent, about quadruple the state of New Jersey's. Its per capita income is $12,869. Only 7.6 percent of Camden residents have a bachelor's degree. Further adding to the burden among the city's poor: in 2011, Camden's property tax was raised by 23 percent to help pay for additional police.
Yet money continues to pour into development for the waterfront. Within the last year, the state has announced deals to bring big companies to Camden's waterfront district. Holtec, a nuclear power plant parts manufacturer that is slated to construct a factory within city limits, could potentially bring thousands of jobs. But Holtec is only required to bring in 235 workers in order to receive a $260 million tax break from the state. The Philadelphia 76ers are building a practice facility in Camden, but only 50 jobs will be created from that, at the cost of $82 million in tax breaks. Thanks to Gov. Chris Christie's tax break bonanza—he's given away $4 billion in tax breaks since he became governor in 2010—companies like Lockheed Martin have threatened to vacate the state completely unless they receive tax breaks to relocate downtown.
The problem, according to many residents, is that most of the jobs at these newly arrived companies will be for highly skilled workers, and therefore out of reach for nearly all Camden residents.
"These people are not prepared for these jobs," said Angel Cordero, one of Camden's most prominent community activists. "No one is talking about those issues. Camden is booming right now but residents are left picking up the leftovers."
Camden's outer neighborhoods don't look as apocalyptic as Matt Taibbi's "Apocalypse, New Jersey" might suggest. Some neighborhoods, like Fairview, resemble the outskirts of Minneapolis, or Detroit's tonier suburbs: century-old brick houses sit on small, manicured lawns. Those manicured lawns sit on tree-lined streets where grass medians with benches divide one stream of traffic from another.
The city's more bustling sections mirror immigrant neighborhoods in distant cities, but in miniature. On Federal Street, the sidewalks are crowded, the one-story buildings are occupied by stores, Mexican restaurants, pharmacies—normal stuff.
But on closer inspection, Camden's decay begins to show.
Three activists from one of the city's biggest nonprofits, Camden Churches Organized for People (CCOP), drove me around Camden's outer neighborhoods recently. The streets are in such bad shape that you often feel like you're driving on cobblestones.
From the back seat, lifelong resident Carlos Merced pointed out the open-air drug markets (there were many), the blocks with more abandoned houses than occupied ones, and the former public spaces that the city government left to die: a tennis court with weeds growing through, a baseball field with no baseball diamond, a library that closed years ago and is only now being turned into something else, though no one is sure what.
"The investments being made—is it to better Camden or better themselves?" Merced said, referring to Camden's notoriously corrupt politicians. "You only get 50 jobs but, oh that's great, you made our waterfront look nice."
Merced is currently looking for a job.
Driving around Camden, it's hard to imagine the city gentrifying in the same way that New York or San Francisco are gentrifying. With so many abandoned houses, there seems to be a lot of space for wealthy individuals to move in without displacing lower-income residents.
But The Victor and the Cooper Grant neighborhood prove that white, monied folk are willing to move to Camden. And as real estate prices rapidly rise in Philadelphia, Camden may seem ever-more attractive and comparatively affordable. "Philadelphia Could Help Make Camden The Next Brooklyn," a recent article proclaimed.
The two-tiered development strategy that's often associated with gentrified cities—bikes lanes here, but not there, increased police presence in some places but not others—is already taking place in Camden. The potholes in Merced's neighborhood make that clear.
One thing I heard over and over again from residents is that Camden is small. The city is nine square miles. For context, Philadelphia is about 135 square miles. Cherry Hill, which is right next door to Camden and has about the same population, is 24 square miles. That means that every development decision the city makes matters.
Camden is starting an ambitious "blight removal" program. The city plans to knock down 600 abandoned homes this year. That means there will be less space for poor residents to move into if the city's population begins to expand again. That coupled with the state giving away money for corporations like Holtec and the 76ers to take land near Camden's waterfront means the city is simultaneously shrinking and filling in its blank canvas.
At a recent press conference organized by CCOP, about two dozen activists gathered to pressure the city's politicians to sign the "Contract for Camden," a one-page document listing seven pledges elected officials could make to ensure job creation and development benefits Camden residents.
The press conference was held in an empty parking lot that will one day be home to the new Holtec nuclear parts plant. On the west side of the lot is Camden's waterfront, which has already been developed into lofts, a minor league baseball field, an aquarium, and a concert arena. To its north is Cooper Grant, where William Butler's gallery and the Rutgers University campus are located. To its east and south is the rest of Camden.
"You have nine square miles," Raymond Lamboy, another Camden activist said. "Once you build all this out in a way that's not going to benefit the guy on the corner, that's it. You've painted yourself into a corner."
Peter Moskowitz is a writer based in Brooklyn. He's currently writing a book about gentrification.
[Photos via the author]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Does reincarnation really exist?
Belief in reincarnation traverses many cultures and spiritual systems. You may have come to this page out of simple curiosity or perhaps because you experienced a particularly potent past life dream or had a "deja vue" occurrence. Or, perhaps you strongly disbelieve in the possibility and hope that none of these books will be able to sway you, resulting in stronger enforcement of your disbelief. Then again, maybe you came here because you hope that it is true, but have been taught otherwise, and hope the evidence relayed within these books will push you to what you would like to believe.
Naturally those of us who have created this website believe in reincarnation. But whether we believe or not, does not make it true or false in the larger sense or for your own personal beliefs. I've always liked Seth's reply to one who disbelieved in reincarnation, "However, you will reincarnate whether or not you believe that you will. It is much easier if your theories fit reality, but if they do not, then you do not change reality one iota," The Seth Material, Jane Roberts pg. 146, 2001.
Reincarnation: The Phoenix Fire Mystery
by Joseph Head - S.L. Cranston
This classic anthology offers ancient and modern perspectives on Job's question: If a man die, shall he live again? Spanning over 5,000 years of world thought, the selections invite consideration of an idea that has found hospitality in the greatest minds of history.
Reliving Past Lives
by Helen Wambach
Helen Wambach, a noted psychologist, professor, and therapist, assembled over 1,000 subjects in small workshops and under hypnosis regressed them to specified time periods in the past. Each subject was given a posthypnotic suggestion that enabled him or her to fill a data sheet documenting the experiences of that past life, and pinpointing the place on the map in which it was lived.
The data sheets provided the most of the verifiable evidence in Wambach's study. These lives were lived in different parts of the world, and the distribution agrees with the known population densities of these areas at the appropriate historical times. Because each recall is individual, there would be no way that telepathy, fantasy, or chance alone could determine the way in which the cumulative statistics emerged when the data was evaluated. These data build an impressive case for the existence of past lives.
Exploring Reincarnation: Classic Guide to The Evidence for Past-Life Experiences
by Hans Ten Dam
Written by one of the world's leading authorities, Exploring Reincarnation examines the full range of explanations for past-life recall. This definitive study includes case histories from around the world, as well as intriguing theories about the relationship between body and soul—from general social beliefs about past lives to detailed questions about karma and past-life regression therapy. It is an outstanding introduction to reincarnation from a historical, scientific, and philosophical point of view.
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What is the Law of Attraction?
How important are dreams?


We believe everyone who eats meat loves steaks. They not only taste fantastic, but also give this great feeling of consuming valuable, filling meal. Today, we introduce you a delicious, easy to make and rich sandwich. The key ingredients of our dish is steak and all-green sauce.
Our sandwich with steak is good for any time of the day, both for the breakfast and dinner. In fact, the two basic ingredients that will give your sandwich this amazing taste are: marinated meat and all-green sauce. Do you have more ingredients that you'd like to add? That's excellent!
Take a look at our recipe.
Marinate the meat at least a few hours before you want to prepare sandwich.
Cut all ingredients as fine as possible and mix together. Spread the marinade over the meat. You can do it earlier at home or during camping.
All-green sauce is simple to prepare. You can either cut fine all ingredients with a knife or use a blender to do it. Mix all ingredients, but add crushed nuts at the very end.
This sauce is delicious and taste great with all kinds of meals, so you can make it at home and always keep it in a jar.
Grill the steaks for around 6 minutes per side. Set aside for another 15 minutes to let them rest.
Cut mushrooms in thick slices and grill them.
Cut buns in half and apply green sauce on both.
Put on one side of the bun: the steak, grilled mushrooms, tomato sauce and add as much arugula as you can eat. Cover with the other half of bun.
Eat for breakfast, lunch or dinner.
If you prepare ingredients at home (marinade and all-green sauce) it will be very fast to make outdoors and may be even more delicious because the taste will intensify with time. Enjoy your meal!


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Q: Out-of-nowhere ClassCastException in android This morning I woke up on this strange exception:

java.lang.ClassCastException:
  org.apache.harmony.luni.lang.reflect.ImplForVariable cannot be cast to
  java.lang.Class

It happens when I try to get a Type argument Class.
Example:
public static Class getTypeParameterClass(Object o, int index) {
    return (Class)
            ((ParameterizedType)o.getClass()
                    .getGenericSuperclass())
                    .getActualTypeArguments()[index];
}

As you can see, this method gets one of the type parameter for a given object's class.
It's been working for months now but today, it stopped.
Usage example:
Collection<Object> foo = new ArrayList<Object>();

Class<?> fooClass = Utils.getTypeParameterClass(foo, 0);

And it crashes.
Is there a curse on me for blaming java too many times;) ?
Thanks !

A:
As you can see, this method gets one of the type parameter for a given object's class.

So what you are doing is specifically not allowed because of the generic type erasure.  You are trying to investigate the generic parameter of your ArrayList but when the code is running, the specific generic type is no longer visible.
Your superclass hack (and it is a hack) would work if you were dealing with a superclass.  It would work if you defined your ArrayList like:
Collection<Object> foo = new ArrayList<Object>() {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -594043150300376049L;
};

In this case foo is a class which extends ArraryList.  For some reason with the superclass the generic type parameter is available.

A: So, first of all, let me address a huge "thank you" to Gray for his patience.
I finally figured what was wrong.
I was focusing on the wrong field.
So, as Gray points out, because of type erasure you can't get a type parameter that is not explicitly given at compile time.
I was so persuaded that the error was on a Collection field that I totally forgot about other fields.
So, because my data come from webservices, and because the JSON mapper can't directly get a list as root, I had to define models containing a Collection of objects, a date (for caching) and few other things related to paging.
So, because writing all these similar classes was a nonsense, I tried to generalize the process, like so:
public abstract class ModelList<T> {

        [ paging and caching stuffs ]

        @ForeignCollectionField
        Collection<T> collection;

        [ constructor, getters, setters ]

}

and then only have subclasses like:
@DatabaseTable(tableName = "category_list")
public class CategoryList extends ModelList<Category> {

}

So I could have less verbose classes, and so I could generalize the caching process using ObjectPersister from Robospice.
What I couldn't understand (because of a lack of knowledge), is that the  parameter would not be found at run time !
What confused me even more is that the tests I ran to try to reproduce the bug, WERE producing the bug ! but they were wrong too.
So, note to self (and others that may face complete nonsense like I did):

*

*don't lose faith in the language (it's not buggy, it's not buggy, it's not buggy ...)

*don't blame the language (not too much)

*always attach sources to jars and set breakpoints

At the end the solution was quite simple, just move the collection from the ModelList to the sublasses, and keep the getters and setters as abstract methods in ModelList (for the generic ObjectPersisters).
I think it all got a little too complicated, if someone knows a better solution for this case using ormlite/jackson/robospice I'd be glad to hear it.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Cover Reveal: Lady Midnight (The Dark Artifices #1) By Cassandra Clare
Friday, October 09, 2015 Books No comments
While everyone is engrossed in the ongoing New York Comic-Con, author Cassandra Clare didn't let slip this opportunity to present her next novel. The new series, The Dark Artifices, has long been announced but the cover of the first book in the series has just been unveiled.
Her new book, Lady Midnight, will once again dive into her imaginary world, where demons and angels and other cosmic or supernatural creatures roam the world and parade as regular humans or avoid being seen entirely. Every fan can't get enough of her novels and this one, hopefully is not an exception. Her books are that good, believe me.
Check out the official cover of Lady Midnight by Cassandra Clare.
The Shadowhunters of Los Angeles star in the first novel in Cassandra Clare's newest series, The Dark Artifices, a sequel to the internationally bestselling Mortal Instruments series. Lady Midnight is a Shadowhunters novel.
It's been five years since the events of City of Heavenly Fire that brought the Shadowhunters to the brink of oblivion. Emma Carstairs is no longer a child in mourning, but a young woman bent on discovering what killed her parents and avenging her losses.
Together with her parabatai Julian Blackthorn, Emma must learn to trust her head and her heart as she investigates a demonic plot that stretches across Los Angeles, from the Sunset Strip to the enchanted sea that pounds the beaches of Santa Monica. If only her heart didn't lead her in treacherous directions…
Making things even more complicated, Julian's brother Mark—who was captured by the faeries five years ago—has been returned as a bargaining chip. The faeries are desperate to find out who is murdering their kind—and they need the Shadowhunters' help to do it. But time works differently in faerie, so Mark has barely aged and doesn't recognize his family. Can he ever truly return to them? Will the faeries really allow it?
Glitz, glamours, and Shadowhunters abound in this heartrending opening to Cassandra Clare's Dark Artifices series.
Lady Midnight by Cassandra Clare will be released on March 8, 2016.


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Liza's Ghost: An Unpleasant Encounter
Download High-res video
A former abortionist's niece is harassed by unseen forces in a house where a woman died. Produced in 2008.
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National churches in many Latin American countries have become strong enough to sustain their own ministries and reach their own people.
Deploying The Light
An Alliance church in Eagle River, Alaska, considered the escalating number of military personnel in its community and determined to fold them into its family. Find out more about Alliance work at www.cmalliance.org/resources/missions
John Soper, VP for Church Ministries, tells of the unique qualifications and position of The Alliance to reach all the earth with the gospel. Produced in 2007.
Marcia's Story
Marcia thought her life was a mistake and that she was too dirty for a relationship with God. But once she gave her life to Christ, she found her life's purpose.
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Erwen, a Chilean Alliance pastor serving in Paraguay, unpacks his vision to plant a multiethnic church and a training center for cross-cultural missions. Erwen is an example of the Chilean Alliance sending its own workers beyond its borders. Produced in 2012. Erwen, un pastor aliancista chileno que sirve en Paraguay, explica su visión de plantar una iglesia multiétnica y un centro de preparación para misiones transculturales. Erwen es un ejemplo de los obreros enviados por La Alianza de Chile fuera de sus fronteras. Producido en 2012.
GC Sunday 2008: John and Lisa Sappia
Alliance workers John & Lisa Sappia speak about their calling to serve God overseas in Paraguay. Produced in 2008.
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A couple in Paraguay gives the testimony of how their third child was born healthy despite a devastating prognosis from doctors.
John and Lisa Sappia Update
John and Lisa Sappia and their family have arrived in Paraguay.
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Tried by Fire
Alliance Pastor Jean Pierre Moukingui is empowered by the Holy Spirit when he cries for God to forgive the men who doused him and two other church leaders in diesel fuel and lit their feet on fire. After receiving medical treatment, the men returned to their village church, where they joined their church family to sing and praise the Lord.
The Mission of Hope
Impacted by the Ebola crisis, the Hope Clinic in Guinea resolves to serve those around them and show Christ's love.
From Darkness Into Light: True Security
After having turned to Shamans and fetishes to protect him from the murderous bandits that ravage the region, Célestin encounters Jesus, his true Protector, in an Alliance church in northern Congo.
God is calling the people of Burkina Faso back to Himself. As the Holy Spirit spoke to members of the new congregation, they became determined to spread the gospel among their own people. Watch as workers and nationals share the story of broken strongholds and a powerful Savior.
More from this genre: Testimony
President John Stumbo admonishes us to focus on what is good, true, right, lovely, and peace giving in the midst of life's noise.
A young woman in Chile shares her testimony of how God brought her to the House of Hope that has given her a future.
No Matter Where
Evelyn Mangham shares the story of her decision to return to Vietnam following furlough in the United States.
Rufina experiences life-changing love and forgiveness when she accepts Christ into her life. Produced in 2008.


text:
Benjamin and Sarah Brown of Hampton, NH
Benjamin Brown was born in about 1647 in Hampton, New Hampshire. He was the son of John and Sarah (unknown) Brown. John, his father, was one of the first settlers in Hampton, arriving there by 1640. His mother, Sarah, died in 1672. His father did not appear to remarry.
Benjamin grew up in a large family with lots of brothers to share the workload. His father was one of the largest landowners in the town and played an important role in town government. Benjamin most likely lived at home and worked with his father until his marriage. Children were a necessary component of farm labor. Some men would hire farm workers until their own sons were old enough and able to work. Boys would begin doing farm work at around age eight. By their early teens, they were working a full day of hard labor.
Children, did attend school, but only when they weren't needed on the farm. When Benjamin and his brothers Jacob and Thomas signed a deed, they each made a mark instead of writing their signatures. Jacob's mark looks like a 'J', but Benjamin's looks like backwards '7'.
In addition to farm work and some schooling, all able bodied men were expected to help in the defense of their towns and province. Boys began training for the militia at about age 16. It is believed that Benjamin and his brothers all served in the militia during the conflict known as King Philip's war. This conflict brought New England to it's knees in 1675/1676. The New Hampshire militia marched to the defense of towns in Massachusetts, some of which are now in Maine. King Philip and his Abenaki Warriors wiped whole towns off the face of the map. Despite the death of King Philip, raids by Indians continued. The incursions in and around Hampton were on a smaller scale than elsewhere, but there was some death and destruction in Hampton. In April of 1677 a farm was torched in Greenland and the owner killed. About two months later an attack occurred in Hampton and four men were killed. On 21 June 1677, Captain Benjamin Swett was ordered to muster his men and head for a rendezvous at Blackpoint in Maine. Benjamin Brown's youngest brother, seventeen year old Stephen, marched off to Maine with Swett and his men. He did not come home. He was killed in an ambush alongside Captain Swett.
marriage and children
In 1679 he married Sarah Brown, daughter of William Brown and Elizabeth Murfurd Brown of Salisbury. He was thirty two, she was twenty one. They had ten children, all but one survived to adulthood.
Benjamin settled on a part of his father's farm in Hampton near the Salisbury, Massachusetts border. It was common for a father to allow a son to establish a separate home on his, the father's, land, not deeding the land to his son until the bitter end. The area where the farm was located became part of Seabrook. Benjamin petitioned to have a road built to his farm, the road was known as Rocks Road and still is apparently. He was given land in Hampton Falls to compensate for land lost in building the road. There is not much to see on a satellite map of the area other than a Walmart and a power plant. Seabrook was not incorporated until 1768, so all his life, Benjamin lived in Hampton.
Benjamin and Sarah had the following Children:
1.William b. June 5, 1680 m. Anne Heath d. Sept 1725, age 45
2.Sarah b. Sept 11, 1681, d. October 1684
3.Benjamin b. Dec. 20, 1683 m. Sarah Gove, lived in South Hampton d. 1766, 83
4.Elizabeth b.July 16, 1686 m. Benjamin Green, lived in Hampton Falls, d. 1769
5.John b. March 18, 1688 m. Abbey Johnson, lived in Seabrook, d. 1765, age 77
6.Jacob b. March 1691 m. Mary Green, Jemima Rowell, Hampton Falls, d. 1762, age 71
7.Stephen b. July 17, 1693 m. Mary Chase, lived in Kingston, d. 1723, age 30
8.Mary b. 1696 m. Thomas Cram, d. 1756, age 60
9.Thomas b. May 21, 1699 Mehetible Towle, lived in Seabrook, d. 1765, age 66
10.Jeremiah b. Nov. 20, 1701 m. Mary Weare, lived in Seabrook, d. 1758, age 57
In 1708 Benjamin and his brothers, Thomas and Jacob, drew up a land deed splitting up the land that had belonged to their brother John. John died unmarried and childless, so they were his heirs. Each of the three brothers made a mark in place of a signature, they did not know how to write their names. In 1713 Jacob sold his brother Benjamin his share of this land.
Benjamin really began buying and selling land in about 1715. He was buying with his son's futures in mind. In 1720 he started the process of transferring his land to his sons. He gave William a deed to the land that he was already living on, including his house. He also gave him some marsh land. Benjamin gave his son Stephen land that he bought in the plantation of Kingston. Benjamin Jr. got the land that was once in Salisbury, MA but because of a shift in the border, was in Hampton. Sons, John, Thomas and Jeremiah split the land that had made up "John Brown's Farm". There were two houses on the land, one lived in by John and the other was Benjamin Sr. house. Thomas and Jeremiah were left this house. They had to work out how to split it up themselves.
In 1723 Benjamin gave away the last of his cow common rights and in a final deed gave away all his stock, farm implement and household goods to Thomas and Jeremiah. He probably lived in his house with Thomas and Jeremiah until he died.
In the bottom left corner of this map you can see Rocks Road and in the middle is Browns River. Brown's Farm would have been somewhere around there.
civic stuff
Benjamin was a signer of Weare's Petition in 1683. This petition was taken by Nathaniel Weare, a leading Hampton citizen, to London and presented to the King. It was a complaint which resulted in the removal of the then Governor Cranfield.
Benjamin was chosen as a selectman in 1696-1705 and 1711. He was also chosen as a Representative from Hampton in 1697.
Sarah is said to have died around 1730 and Benjamin around 1736. I have no idea where these dates come from or on what document they are based.
Kulikoff, Allan. From British Peasant to Colonial American Farmer. Chapel Hill: U of North Carolina, 2000. Print.
Rockingham County, NH Deeds
Dow, History of Hampton
Labels: New Hampshire
William Brown and Ann Heath Brown of Hampton, New ...
John Brown of Hampton, New Hampshire
Nathan Longfellow and Mary Green of Hampton, New H...


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text:
Panda Rescue Efforts in China
Over a month has passed since the devastating earthquake ripped through China, toppling schools, uprooting families, and destroying entire towns. And while the citizens of Sichuan Province begin to piece together their lives, the conservation community has begun work to restore the World Heritage panda breeding sanctuaries and hundreds of historic relics that were damaged and destroyed (you can watch a video about some of the efforts here). The Friends of World Heritage, a group that has partnered with UNESCO to promote awareness of the sites, has identified four locations affected by the quake, and with the help of the UN Foundation and Fauna & Flora International, they've now implemented a new Rapid Response Facility program to help bring funds and aid workers in to quickly begin restoration efforts.
Three of the four damaged sites were the popular panda sanctuaries, which are visited by thousands of tourists each year. (The fourth site, Mount Qingcheng, was located just 30 miles from the epicenter, and the 2,000-year-old Er-wang "Temple of Two Kings" collapsed during the quake.) Though many visitors actually worked to rescue the pandas in the immediate aftermath, pulling them out of collapsed breeding facilities, for two weeks following the quake the roads leading to the sanctuaries were blocked, meaning the condition of the animals was largely unknown. China's primary focus had obviously been to provide aid for the humanitarian crisis, says Kate Dodson, the Deputy Director of Sustainable Development for the United Nations Foundation, but now, as roads have been cleared, conservationists have managed to reach the sanctuaries, and are uncovering the extent of the damage.
"The majority of the physical infrastructure was destroyed including all of the 32 panda breeding facilities in the Wolong sanctuaries," said Dodson. Right now, the Chinese government is working to rebuild the infrastructure, while the Rapid Response Facility teams are work to replace the computers, GPS devices and other equipment used to monitor the pandas and hundreds of other species that live at the sites.
The Rapid Response Facility is a relatively new program that quickly funnels donations to conservation teams on the ground; their aim is to be up and operating all in a week's time. Local conservationists are on call to respond to incidents that threaten the World Heritage sites, be it an emergency, natural disaster, or rebel incursion. Since creating the program, they've allocated ten grants, which have helped to restore security at Virunga National Park (the site of last year's mountain gorilla killings), and thwart poaching efforts in India's Manas National Park. But now, with the scope of the Chinese earthquake, their efforts are in overdrive.
"We have a team of conservationists liaising on the ground," says Dodson. "We are getting our information from them and they're developing proposals" to determine how the money raised through their ongoing fund-raising drive should best be spent.
As of right now, the conservationists are working with local communities to do rapid assessments of the damage. They're also looking at the earthquake's impact on the other species, and, on a larger scale, what impact it will have on the communities that relied on the tourists. Like the earthquake, its aftermath too is a ripple effect. "The micro-economies that sprout up around these sites that are obviously destroyed right now," says Dodson.
To send donations for the conservation efforts, visit the Friends of World Heritage website here, or Fauna & Flora International here.
Photo: Local conservationists evacuated pandas from the Wolong Nature Reserve, one of the world's prime sites for panda research and conservation, by Zhang Hu.


text:
You searched for 'JANET FRAME'. 6 results were found.
In the Memorial Room (MP3)
Humphrey Bower
Unabridged MP3 CD Audio Book
Fiction; Literary Fiction
Winner AudioFile Earphones Award 2017
'[T]his book is marvelous experimental fiction ... Frame's sentences are marvels, winding like narrow alleys through hill towns: They open spectacular vistas. Brilliant.'
Kirkus Reviews, starred
In the Memorial Room is a brilliant black comedy, by the celebrated author of An Angel at My Table.
Harry Gill, a moderately successful writer of historical fiction, has been awarded the annual Watercress-Armstrong Fellowship – a 'living memorial' to the poet, Margaret Rose Hurndell. He arrives in the small French village of Menton, where Hurndell once lived and worked, to write. But the Memorial Room is not suitable – it has no electricity or water. Hurndell never wrote here, though it is expected of Harry. Janet Frame's previously unpublished novel draws on her own experiences in Menton, France as a Katherine Mansfield Fellow. It is a wonderful social satire, a send-up of the cult of the dead author, and – in the best tradition of Frame – a fascinating exploration of the complexity and the beauty of language.
'This short, funny and often beautifully written novel – completed in the early 1970s but just now being published – provides an excellent occasion for remembering the weird wisdom and genuine talent of Janet Frame.'
'[T]he story is also a beautifully crafted artistic and philosophical creation that explores the nature of communication and exposes Frame's love of language ...'


text:
Learn About ASHA Certification
Find an ASHA-Certified Professional
View the Photo Gallery
ASHA-Certified Audiologists and Speech-Language Pathologists are the Gold Standard
The Certificate of Clinical Competence of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) is a nationally recognized credential for audiologists and speech-language pathologists. Those who earn this credential are certified by a program with a sixty-five year history of fostering professional excellence.
What does it take to be ASHA-certified?
Graduate Degree
from an accredited program
of supervised clinical experience
Passing Grade
on national examination
of 30+ hours every three years
Extensively trained and dedicated to improving lives, ASHA-certified professionals are committed to excellence and adhere to the highest ethical standards. Only those who complete a rigorous academic program, pass a national examination and pursue continuing education are eligible to be ASHA-certified.
ASHA Career Center
Need to Hire an ASHA-Certified Audiologist or Speech-Language Pathologist?
Visit the ASHA Career Center to post open positions, search resumes and more. It's the premier place to connect with ASHA-certified professionals in the job market.
ASHA Members
Grow your network and explore all ASHA has to offer.
Visit the members page
Looking For An Expert?
Seeking Professional Treatment?
Use ASHA ProFind to contact an ASHA-certified professional near you.
Meet Asha's Certified Audiologists and Speech-Language Pathologists
Speech-Language Pathologist • Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools • Charlotte, NC • Practicing Over 25 Years
"Helping a student with a stutter who is also learning English as a second language is no small feat. By building the skills and confidence he needed, I helped to bridge social and cultural barriers."
Find an ASHA-Certified SLP Like Alexis
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Alexis Alston, CCC-SLP, Schools
Speech-Language Pathologist • Woodbridge Middle School • Washington, DC • Practicing Over Four Years
"Working with very young kids means connecting with them on their level. There's a piece of myself in every game, picture, word and gesture I use to help them communicate."
Find an ASHA-Certified SLP Like Jaclyn
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Jaclyn Woodyatt, CCC-SLP, Schools
Audiologist• Center for Healthy Hearing, White Plains, NY • Practicing Over Five Years
"Technology plays a vital role in my field. By treating patients with the latest innovations, I restore more than hearing; I restore hope. "
Find an ASHA-Certified Audiologist Like Ikechi
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Ikechi Iheagwara, CCC-A, Private Practice
Speech-Language Pathologist • MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC • Practicing Over 11 Years
"Whenever I see a mother's relieved face after I help her preterm infant feed safely, I realize I protect more than babies—I protect families."
Find an ASHA-Certified SLP Like Melissa
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Melissa Bloomer, CCC-SLP, Hospitals
Speech-Language Pathologist • University of Maryland, College Park, MD • Practicing Over 30 Years
"The most satisfying part of my job is working on fluency disorder cases that have stumped others. I delve into the unknown and chart new treatments, leaving paths others can follow."
Find an ASHA-Certified SLP Like Vivian
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Vivian Sisskin, CCC-SLP, University
About ASHA
The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) is the national professional, scientific, and credentialing association for 204,000 members and affiliates who are audiologists; speech-language pathologists; speech, language, and hearing scientists; audiology and speech-language pathology support personnel; and students.
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text:
Q: aiohttp: rate limiting requests-per-second by domain type I have already looked here. But still can't get my head around it.
Here is how I am currently accomplishing this:
urls_without_rate_limit =
    [
       'http://httpbin.org/get'
       'http://httpbin.org/get',
       'http://httpbin.org/get',
       'http://httpbin.org/get',
       'http://httpbin.org/get'
    ]

urls_with_rate_limit =
    [
       'http://eu.httpbin.org/get'
       'http://eu.httpbin.org/get',
       'http://eu.httpbin.org/get',
       'http://eu.httpbin.org/get',
       'http://eu.httpbin.org/get'
    ]

api_rate = 2
api_limit = 6

loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
    loop.run_until_complete(
        process(urls=urls_without_rate_limit, rate=0, limit=len(url_list)))

    loop.run_until_complete(
        process(urls=urls_with_rate_limit, rate=api_rate, limit=api_limit))

async def process(urls, rate, limit):
    limit = asyncio.Semaphore(limit)

    f = Fetch(
        rate=rate,
        limit=limit
    )

    tasks = []
    for url in urls:
        tasks.append(f.make_request(url=url))

    results = await asyncio.gather(*tasks)

As you can see it will finish the first round of process then start the second round for rate limits.
It works fine but is there a way I could start both rounds at the same time with different rate limits?
tvm

A: I'll elaborate on what I commented. So you can try to work on you own solution (even though I'll give the complete code here).
You can have a dictionary defining some rules (api -> rate limit per second):
APIS_RATE_LIMIT_PER_S = {
  "http://api.mathjs.org/v4?precision=5": 1,
  "http://api.mathjs.org/v4?precision=2": 3,
}

Which you can then use to decide which semaphore to pick according to the request URL (in practice you would have to do some parsing to get the endpoints you want to control). Once you have that it's just a matter of using the semaphore to make sure you limit the number of simultaneous process executing your request. The last piece to the puzzle is obviously to add a delay before releasing the semaphore.
I'll get for a different version of what is suggested here, but it's basically the same solution. I just made it so you can modify the session object so each call to session.get will automatically apply rate limit control.
def set_rate_limits(session, apis_rate_limits_per_s):
    semaphores = {api: asyncio.Semaphore(s) for api, s in apis_rate_limits_per_s.items()}

    @asynccontextmanager
    async def limit_rate(url):
        await semaphores[url].acquire()
        start = time.time()
        try:
            yield semaphores[url]
        finally:
            duration = time.time() - start
            await asyncio.sleep(1 - duration)
            semaphores[url].release()

    def add_limit_rate(coroutine):

        async def coroutine_with_rate_limit(url, *args, **kwargs):
            async with limit_rate(url):
                return await coroutine(url, *args, **kwargs)

        return coroutine_with_rate_limit

    session.get = add_limit_rate(session.get)
    session.post = add_limit_rate(session.post)
    return session

Notice that using add_limit_rate you could add rate limit control to any coroutine that has an API endpoint as first argument. But here we will just modify session.get and session.post.
In the end you could use the set_rate_limits function like so:
async def main():
    apis = APIS_RATE_LIMIT_PER_S.keys()
    params = [
        {"expr" : "2^2"},
        {"expr" : "1/0.999"},
        {"expr" : "1/1.001"},
        {"expr" : "1*1.001"},
    ]
    async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
        session = set_rate_limits(session, APIS_RATE_LIMIT_PER_S)
        api_requests = [get_text_result(session, url, params=p) for url, p  in product(apis, params)]
        text_responses = await asyncio.gather(*api_requests)
        print(text_responses)

async def get_text_result(session, url, params=None):
    result = await session.get(url, params=params)
    return await result.text()

If you run this code you wont see much of what is happening, you could add some print here and there in set_rate_limits to "make sure" the rate limit is correctly enforced:
import time

# [...] change this part :
    def add_limit_rate(coroutine):

        async def coroutine_with_rate_limit(url, *args, **kwargs):
            async with limit_rate(url):
                ######### debug
                global request_count
                request_count += 1
                this_req_id = request_count
                rate_lim = APIS_RATE_LIMIT_PER_S[url]
                print(f"request #{this_req_id} -> \t {(time.time() - start)*1000:5.0f}ms \t rate {rate_lim}/s")
                ########
                r = await coroutine(url, *args, **kwargs)

            ######### debug
            print(f"request #{this_req_id} <- \t {(time.time() - start)*1000:5.0f}ms \t rate {rate_lim}/s")
            #########
            return r

If you run this example asyncio.run(main()), you should get something like:
request #1 ->        1ms     rate 1/s
request #2 ->        2ms     rate 3/s
request #3 ->        3ms     rate 3/s
request #4 ->        3ms     rate 3/s
request #1 <-     1003ms     rate 1/s
request #2 <-     1004ms     rate 3/s
request #3 <-     1004ms     rate 3/s
request #5 ->     1004ms     rate 1/s
request #6 ->     1005ms     rate 3/s
request #4 <-     1006ms     rate 3/s
request #5 <-     2007ms     rate 1/s
request #6 <-     2007ms     rate 3/s
request #7 ->     2007ms     rate 1/s
request #7 <-     3008ms     rate 1/s
request #8 ->     3008ms     rate 1/s
request #8 <-     4010ms     rate 1/s

It seems rate limit is respected here, in particular we can have a look at the API with a rate limit of 1 request per second:
request #1 ->        1ms     rate 1/s
request #1 <-     1003ms     rate 1/s
request #5 ->     1004ms     rate 1/s
request #5 <-     2007ms     rate 1/s
request #7 ->     2007ms     rate 1/s
request #7 <-     3008ms     rate 1/s
request #8 ->     3008ms     rate 1/s
request #8 <-     4010ms     rate 1/s

On the other hand, this solution is not very satisfying as we artificially add a 1s ping to all our requests. This is because of this part of the code:
await asyncio.sleep(1 - duration)
semaphores[url].release()

The problem here is that we are waiting for the sleep to finish before giving out control back to the event loop (scheduling another task, another request). That can easily be solved using this piece of code instead:
asyncio.create_task(release_after_delay(semaphores[url], 1 - duration))

With release_after_delay simply being:
async def release_after_delay(semaphore, delay):
    await asyncio.sleep(delay)
    semaphore.release()

The asyncio.create_task function makes the coroutine "run this in the background". Which means in this code that the semaphore will be released later, but that we don't need to wait for it to give control back to the even loop (which means some other request can be scheduled and also that we can get the result in add_limit_rate). In other words, we don't care about the result of this coroutine, we just want it to run at some point in the future (which is probably why this function used to be call ensure_future).
Using this patch, we have the following for the API with rate limit set to one request per second:
request #1 ->        1ms     rate 1/s
request #1 <-      214ms     rate 1/s
request #2 ->     1002ms     rate 1/s
request #2 <-     1039ms     rate 1/s
request #3 ->     2004ms     rate 1/s
request #3 <-     2050ms     rate 1/s
request #4 ->     3009ms     rate 1/s
request #4 <-     3048ms     rate 1/s

It's definitively closer to what we would expect this code to do. We get each response from our API as soon as we can (in this example the ping is 200ms/37ms/46ms/41ms). And the rate limit is respected too.
This is probably not the most beautiful code, but it can be a start for you to work with. Maybe make a clean package with that once you have it working nicely, I guess that's something other people may like to use.


In the humidity of the Colombian jungle, a rebel fighter known as Davidson shows more than 100 fellow insurgents how to build an anti-personnel landmine from a plastic canister, a syringe, a battery, and what he calls "a few secret ingredients".
Davidson is an explosives expert for the National Liberation Army (ELN), Colombia's largest rebel army following last year's landmark peace deal and demobilisation of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (Farc).
At its peak, the Farc was present in almost a third of Colombia's territory, but the ELN has historically been a smaller group and currently has an estimated 2,000 fighters. In the regions where it holds sway, however, the ELN remains a powerful actor.
Although the group has been involved in a halting dialogue with the Colombian government since February 2017, there is a yawning gulf between the government's position and the ELN's demands for radical social and economic change.
A temporary ceasefire that came into force in October is due to end on 9 January â€" and although negotiations are due to restart this month, both sides are preparing for conflict.
According t o Estacio and other rebels, armed resistance is one of the ELN's core principles and expecting them to give that up without the changes they are fighting for is pointless.
Estacio belongs to the Ernesto Che Guevara Front, which dominates the south of Chocó, an impoverished Pacific coast region of dense jungles and rivers.
One of the unit's commanders, who goes by the nom de guerre "Uriel", says that, unlike the Farc, which now says it will seek change as a legal political party, the ELN are still seeking a peace deal which attacks the root cause of the conflict: poverty.
"If the enemy's objective is to demobilise us, we are wasting our time. We have tried to convince the government on several occasions that if they want to stop the guerrilla, they need to take away the arguments for our existence," he says.
Chocó is one of the country's poorest regions: riverbanks are lined with wooden shacks, many on stilts to protect them from floodin g. Poverty is endemic, and the region's mostly Afro-Colombian and indigenous population depends on subsistence agriculture.
Community leaders complain that so far they have seen no benefits of the peace process. Residents bathe, wash their pots and go to the toilet by the side of the river. Electricity is rationed to just a few hours each evening and at 10pm, the river falls dark.
But in contrast to the surrounding poverty, the San Ju an river is a key part of a multi billion-dollar industry: the vast waterway is a strategic route for drug traffickers, linking coca production zones to the Pacific coast from where shipments of cocaine are dispatched to the market.
The Farc demobilisation created new criminal opportunities for the ELN to expand their role in the drugs trade. But they have competition from a network of former rightwing paramilitaries and urban gangs known as the Gaitanista Self-Defence Forces, or AGC.
The AGC, also known as the Urabeños, the Gulf Clan and the Úsugas, control the north of the San Juan, where they keep a permanent armed guard at a stronghold a few hours upriver . Their camouflage and rifles are visible from the vessels that pass by.
The central section of the river belongs to the ELN; but in the southern delta the ELN and AGC fight for control.
Caught in the crossfire are the riverside communities. In Chocó, 60 % of the population are registered as victims of the conflict, according a 2017 report from Amnesty International.
On 25 October, the ELN murdered the indigenous community leader Aulio Ismará, causing 309 members of his community to flee their homes. The rebels claim Ismará had links to military intelligence and they had planned to interrogate him, but he ran away.
The ELN has been accused of several other infringements of the ceasefire since it came into force â€" all of them against the civilian population or other criminal groups rather than the military.
In March, five members of the same family were murdered in the small village of Carra by men with ELN armbands. Four victims were shot dead; another reportedly drowned while trying to escape.
The attack happened shortly after an AGC unit had spent the night in Carra, and witnesses said the rebels accused their victims of collaborating with the paramilitaries.
Just three days later, two A GC gunmen turned up in the community of Cab eceras on the opposite side of the river. They wanted to permanently station a 10-man patrol in the village, but the community refused.
The village's 119 residents fled to the city of Buenaventura, where since April 2017, they have lived in the city's sports hall, and relying on handouts from the local council.
"All communities in San Juan are under threat," says the resident, who asked not to be named. If you talk to the ELN or the paramilitaries, the other accuses you of being an informant.
The San Juan river communities voted overwhelmingly in favour of peace in the 2016 referendum called by the president, Juan Manuel Santos, to ratify the deal with Farc â€" and they feel betrayed that the government did not make better preparations for the vacuum it has created.


Don't pay $500+ for a Night Guard at the Dentist!
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Here at Easy Teeth Guard, we stand firm in our belief that fixing teeth grinding and teeth clenching shouldn't cost an arm and a leg. We believe that a dental night guard should be easily accessable and affordable for anyone who needs one. That's the concept we have built our business and store on. We have set up an online store for customers to order online directly from a producer to increase the accessability and affordability of our night mouth guards.
You may be asking yourself how it is possible to get the same quality as the ones from the dentist for a fraction of the price. The answer is simple, we also make the night guards that the dentists use. Easy Teeth Guard has been owned and operated by a dental lab for over 10 years located in the Bay Area in California. Because we are operated by the dental lab, you get the exact same FDA-approved product that you would get if you were to go to a dentist.
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Teeth grinding or bruxism (scientific terms) is something that usually occurs while you sleep at night. Stress or anxiety have been found to be factors that can increase the frequency or intensity of bruxism. The result of long term, frequent grinding and clenching of teeth is worn tooth enamel. The tooth enamel is the exposed hard outer layer of your tooth. Worn enamel can lead to major and costly oral and health issues if not addressed. The symptoms for bruxism include pain in the jaw muscles and joints (also known as TMJ) from pressure, gum recession, headaches, as well as damage to your teeth such as fracturing or the complete loss of a tooth. In extreme cases, the damage can lead to expensive dental work to correct the issues such as surgery, bridges, crowns, root canals and implants.
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The common OTC(Over the counter) variant. These are the one size fits most solution that people commonly see. They come ready to wear straight out of the box and are very affordable. The downside is that because they are pre-molded, it is impossible to adjust their fit to match your teeth and they are typically big and bulky. This makes it uncomfortable to wear while sleeping and on occasions, can even make breathing difficult. They are not optional and typically not recommended by dentists because they only offer limited protection against teeth grinding.
The more customizable boil and bite mouth guards. These are redily available in most pharmacies and will offer a better and more precise fit. The process is simple to fit these night guards, but they don't guarentee a good fit and are still bulky compared to the custom-fitted solution. These guards are placed into hot water in order to soften the material. After the material becomes soft, it is then placed in your mouth and molded onto your teeth using the pressure of your fingers and tongue. While this type of night guard is better than the OTC premolded night guards, there are still better alternatives.
A Custom-fitted dental night guard is the best solution out of the three avaliable. They are made to fit your unique mouth utilizing a dental impression and designed specifically for teeth grinding and teeth clenching. Most dentists out there will recommend this solution if you have bruxism. These night guards may be significantly more expensive than the other solutions when purchased through a dentist, but they offer the best comfort and protection against abrasion and muscle strain due to clenching. These custom-fitted night guards typically cost $400 or more after mark ups when purchased from a dental office.
Can you really put a price on your personal health? For most people, they would be willing to pay the $400 to correct this issue because they see it as an investment. Without a night guard, the teeth grinding and clenching can lead to severe oral damage requiring thousands of dollars in the form of dental surgeries in order to repair the damage and restore your teeth. Don't pay thousands of dollars down the line when you can invest in a dental night guard now and save yourself from the pain and costly repairs. With EasyTeethGuard.com, you can get the exactly same high quality, durable, and comfortable custom-fitted night mouth guard directly from the professional dental labs that make them for dentists without the mark ups.
Order: Place your order at EasyTeethGuard.com and we'll send you one of our easy to use home impression kit with instructions.
Mail: Take an impression of your teeth utilizing the kit and instructions that you received. If done correctly, the putty will harden and capture the exact shape and position of all of your teeth. Send your impression back to us using the the prepaid label included in the kit.
Receive: When we receive the impression, we will begin work and deliver the professional custom-fitted night guard to your address based on the impression that we received.
You will be purchasing a custom made mouth guard from the exact professional dental labs that many dentists use. We have been in business for over 20 years and have created thousands of perfectly fitted mouth guards and dentures to local dentists. That's why we're confident enough to offer a 100% Satisfaction Guarantee. If your mouth guard does not perfectly or comfortably fit with impression of your mouth, we will offer a full refund on your purchase!
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Sad news today, as Universal has officially dropped Guillermo del Toro's Pacific Rim 2 off their slate.
Variety reports that the studio has removed the sequel to the awesome mech v kaiju movie from its 4 August 2017 release date, but that it has not been cancelled.
Word that Pacific Rim 2 might not be moving ahead as planned surfaced a few days ago, although del Toro maintained that he was moving ahead with delivering a script and a budget. While we were thrilled about the idea of a sequel, it's always been in a slightly precarious position due to its non-stellar performance at the US box-office (despite doing extremely well worldwide).
So what's next for del Toro? In an interview with Variety, it's stated that his next film will be "a small, independently financed movie that he is keeping under tight wraps." So, probably not The Haunted Mansion then. Or Hellboy 3. For the love of God, someone please let him make Hellboy 3.
Crimson Peak is released on 16 October in the UK. Read our interview with Guillermo del Toro about Crimson Peak in the new issue of SciFiNow.


text:
Carli Lloyd & Jill Ellis Named FIFA World Player & World Coach of the Year For Women's Soccer
U.S. WNT MIDFIELDER CARLI LLOYD NAMED FIFA WOMEN'S WORLD PLAYER OF THE YEAR; JILL ELLIS NAMED WORLD...
Denise J. Saul January 12, 2016
Abby Wambach's farewell
Abby Wambach said goodbye to the game she loves. Wambach, the leading goal scorer in international history,...
Jessica/WSEN December 21, 2015
Carli Lloyd named 2015 Female Soccer Player of the Year
Houston Dash Midfielder Wins her Second Player of the Year Award; Lloyd Previously Won in 2008 CHICAGO...
A Look Back…Abby Wambach WSENetwork's 2011 Female Athlete of the Year
Abby Wambach made history during the 2011 Women's World Cup when she 'headed' a goal in he...
Denise J. Saul December 16, 2015
U.S. Soccer Cancels Dec. 6 Match against Trinidad & Tobago in Hawaii Due to Field Conditions
CHICAGO (Dec. 5, 2015) – U.S. Soccer has cancelled the U.S. Women's National Team Victory Tour match scheduled for Sunday, Dec. 6, at Aloha Stadium in Honolulu, Hawaii, after a determination that the artificial turf surface is not suitable to hold an international soccer match. Upon testing the playing surface during the...
Denise J. Saul December 7, 2015
VIDEO: 2015 World Championships – Women's Team Final (HD)
The USA has now won the last three women's World team titles (2011, 2014, 2015) and the...
Denise J. Saul October 28, 2015
USA wins third straight Women's Team Gymnastics Title at 2015 World Championships
GLASGOW, Great Britain, Oct. 27, 2015 – The U.S. women made U.S. gymnastics history by winning the...
VIDEOS: U.S. Soccer Legend Abby Wambach
ABOUT ABBY… Mary Abigail Wambach grew up in Rochester, N.Y., the youngest of seven children and excelled at soccer from the beginning, scoring 27 goals in her first three games at the age of five, necessitating a switch to competing against boys. ~Wambach retires having played in four Women's World Cup tournaments,...
Soccer Legend Abby Wambach Announces Retirement
WORLD'S ALL-TIME LEADING SCORER ABBY WAMBACH ANNOUNCES RETIREMENT U.S. Legend Will Play Final National Team Match on...
Abby Wambach on "Live with Kelly & Michael" (10/07/2015)
Abby Wambach, soccer legend and Captain of the Women's World Cup team that won the 2015 World...
Denise J. Saul October 8, 2015
Dalilah Muhammad Named World Female Athlete of the Year November 23, 2019
Shields vs Habazin…It's On!!! November 19, 2019
Joyciline Jepkosgei and Manuela Schär Win 2019 TCS New York City Marathon Titles November 4, 2019
Rewind: The Women's Sports Foundation's 40th Annual Salute to Women in Sports October 17, 2019


text:
Best Of The Web World
The Evolution of Royalty
Staff, The Week | PUBLISHED Jun 17, 2019 |
"Most modern monarchies are constitutional: While the monarch is still the official head of state, the constitution imbues an elected legislature with actual power and the duties of government. The monarch holds a symbolic role intended to provide an unbroken link to the past and a sense of national pride and unity among a country's populace. Today's royals, however, not only have far less political power than their forebears, they also live more modern lives. Akihito, for example, was the first Japanese emperor to marry a commoner. Dutch King Willem-Alexander revealed in 2017 that he'd secretly been co-piloting Dutch Royal Airline flights for 21 years. "You cannot take your problems from the ground skyward," he explained. "You can completely switch yourself off and focus on something else. That's the greatest relaxation for me."
Will monarchies last? Most seem to be on a strong footing. In the Middle East, the absolute monarchs have been able to buy public acquiescence — and the support of powerful allies such as the U.S. and Britain — by controlling their countries' mammoth oil revenues. But even in more modern and democratic societies, monarchies remain popular with the public. "Presidents come and go," said Kenneth W. Gunn-Walberg, head of the International Monarchist League's chapter for the Eastern U.S. "There's continuity, a sense of history with a monarchy."
More than mere figureheads: Despite seeming to be anachronisms, most monarchies actually provide effective governance, according to Wharton School of Business management professor Mauro Guillen. He studied 137 countries from 1900 to 2010 and found that monarchies — especially constitutional ones — generally provide a higher standard of living and are better at protecting property rights than even republics. Monarchies are usually dynastic, he said, and thus likely to "focus on the long run," protecting the foundations of society and curbing potential abuses of power. And even though many of today's kings and queens are figureheads, monarchies act as a check on the egos of elected chief executives. "If you're the prime minister and you know there is a higher authority," Guillen said, "you are a bit more subdued." Finally, monarchies are better at navigating periods of uncertainty, because they provide a stable connection to a nation's history — as the British monarchy is now doing amid Brexit turmoil"
https://jewishjournal.com/newsroom/world/the-evolution-of-royalty/


text:
FIFNA
Letter From England
By Stephen Trott
It is very difficult for an outsider really to comprehend what is happening to the last vestiges of Christendom here in England, when such great efforts are made by the Church of England to sustain the illusion of continuity of influence in public life and even numbers in the pews. Church House employs a statistician to crunch the numbers and a considerable cadre of very senior journalists to keep up the relentless good news in the media. It is difficult for those who actually live in England to comprehend the situation as a result.
Still, church authorities have acknowledged that the declining numbers point to the disappearance of the Christian faith from public life, for most practical purposes, by the middle of the present century. Great efforts are being made to address the trajectory of decline, with mission the buzzword on almost every publication and pronouncement. But even as the priorities for spending and deployment are being turned around, much like a supertanker on a great ocean, the statistics make grim reading for almost every denomination, not just the Church of England, which has lost 50% of its Sunday attendance in just 30 years.
What has gone wrong? Why, with all the apparent advantages of being the official religion of the State since Anglo-Saxon times, has Christianity suddenly lost its savour in the hearts and minds of English people and institutions?
The clue is precisely that Christianity bet the farm on having the full authority of the state for its mission in England. The state is a fickle partner for the Church, even in the most theocratic of ages such as the Tudor era in which the framework for future church-state relations was formed and remains in place, largely unaltered since it was designed by our late King Henry VIII. His reforms resulted in a Constantinian Church rather than a Christian State.
When the King espouses the Christian faith and privileges it above all other faiths and ideologies, lavishing the spending power of the state on its churches and universities and cathedrals and seminaries, the influence of the Church at every level of society is unrivalled – and indeed for several centuries after the Reformation it was able to suppress rivals from any quarter, excluding both dissenting Christians and other expressions of faith (or lack of it) from public life until the Nineteenth century.
With that said, when the Church relies for its influence on its social and political status, as Newman observed in the first of the Tracts for the Times, it becomes a hostage to secular opinion. And that is precisely what Establishment in the English legal system has meant for the Church of England, and for the other mainstream denominations here who follow in its political slipstream.
Owen Chadwick charted very thoroughly the loss of the Church's power and prestige in The Victorian Church (1970), as Parliament and the Universities were opened up first to non-Anglican members and ultimately to atheism along with many of the key institutions which were formerly the province of the Church.
The dramatic decline which we are experiencing now stems from two profoundly significant Acts of Parliament in the Twentieth century, which have combined to create a profoundly secularised society unimaginable even thirty years ago.
The first is the 1944 Education Act, by which Church and Parliament agreed to transfer control of the large number of Church of England schools which existed at that time, perhaps one-third of the national total, to the State, in return for what proved to be unenforceable promises about maintaining Christian education and worship.
The inevitable downward slope commenced, with each succeeding generation more and more detached from any experience or knowledge of Christendom. A subsequent policy decision within the Church, to secularise all the Church of England's teacher training institutes, inevitably reduced the number of teachers qualified to teach Christian religious studies, and sharply accelerated the decline.
The second is the Human Rights Act of 1998, the beloved brainchild of Prime Minister Tony Blair, at that time a practising Anglican, by which the provisions of the European Convention on Human Rights were incorporated into UK law. Unlike the USA, England does not have a written Constitution, but relies on a common law tradition, augmented by Acts of Parliament, which has evolved since the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England were converted one by one and adopted biblical standards as the basis of their legal decision making.
Accordingly, the law of England reflected the choices and preferences of its rulers, the Crown and later its Parliament. Christendom was perhaps the pinnacle of all choices and decisions, and was given a privileged place at every level, from Parliament to Parish. The Archbishop of Canterbury remains the most senior member of the (unelected) House of Lords.
The Human Rights Act was imposed in such a way that it took priority over the entirety of our legal and political and social history and inheritance, including our place in Christendom. Its outworking over the course of the past twenty years, based on both political and legal appeals to abstract notions of human rights, rather than to the historical identity of English law and politics, has to date effectively excluded the Church of England and other Christian denominations from many of the positions of influence which remained, by requiring equality at every level of public life and administration.
The Churches hitherto almost all depended on the privileged place of the Church of England in the Establishment - it was not only a weakness of the Established Church - and on the provision of Christian education within the national school system. The loss of both has pulled the rug from under the collective feet of Christendom in the UK.
The burgeoning cultural Marxism of the media, of many universities and of the Left, and the failure of the Churches to find leaders capable of effective apologetics in the chilling climate of the brave new world, have rendered evangelism perhaps many times harder than it was in the days of St Augustine of Canterbury. The raw materialism of a society several generations away from a world in which concepts such as sin, repentance and eternal life were readily understood, requires a whole new grammar for communicating the gospel which the Church has not yet effectively designed.
The speed of change has taken many by complete surprise, including most church leaders and Christians in public life. It is, after all, a world view which is profoundly alien to that in which most were nurtured and have continued to minister.
Perhaps the statistics reveal a reality which was there all along, that the number of committed, converted Christians has always been a faithful remnant, augmented by the presence of a cultural Christianity which has all but disappeared, except for the elegant Tudor façade imposed by Henry Tudor, in which the surviving Establishment of the Church remains imprisoned in a Ruritanian cage of delusion about its status and influence in what has already become a profoundly secular state.
Fr. Stephen Trott is Rector of Pitsford with Boughton and Rural Dean of Brixworth in the Diocese of Peterborough. He has been a member of General Synod since 1995 and a Church Commissioner since 1997.
Proclaiming the Faith and Order of the Church, given to us by Christ.
Forward in Christ is the magazine of Forward in Faith North America, asserting catholic orthodoxy for our part of God's Church.
Follow Forward in Christ by email.
Christmas Tidings in The Darkness
Hope in The Not-So-Silent Night
ACNA And The Ordination Of Women, FIFNA And The Diocese of Fort Worth Respond
Copyright © 2015 Forward in Christ Magazine


François d'Orléans, prince de Joinville, was born 14 August 1818 in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France to Louis Philippe of Orléans (1773-1850) and Maria Amelia delle Duo Sicilie (1782-1866) and died 16 June 1900 in Paris, France of unspecified causes. He married Francisca of Brazil (1824-1898) 1 May 1843 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Notable ancestors include Gustav I of Sweden (1496-1560), Henry II of England (1133-1189), William I of England (1027-1087), Charlemagne (747-814), Hugh Capet (c940-996), Alfred the Great (849-899), Willem van Oranje (1533-1584), Robert I of Scotland (1274-1329). Ancestors are from France, Germany, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Spain, Italy, Belgium, Russia, Ukraine, Denmark, England, Austria, Portugal, Hungary, the Netherlands, Czechoslovakia, the Czech Republic, Poland, Switzerland, Lithuania, Belarus, Bohemia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Israel, Ireland, Scotland, Turkey, the Byzantine Empire.


This tasty seasoning is great on thick potato wedges, but don't stop there! Use it on other types of potatoes, side dishes, snacks or anything else you can think of. Try it on meats or partner it with your breading to create a unique blend. However you decide to use it, we know it will make your foods taste delicious.
Salt, Paprika, Onion*, Garlic*, Spices, Corn Starch, Hydrolyzed Corn Protein, Sugar, Soybean Oil, Disodium Inosinate, Disodium Guanylate, Less Than 2% Silicon Dioxide (Prevents Caking). *Dried.


text:
Der Heilige Stuhl und das Fürstentum Liechtenstein unterhalten diplomatische Beziehungen.

Geschichte

Nach dem Ergebnis der Volkszählung im Jahr 2015 waren 27'576 von 37'622 Einwohnern (73 %) des Fürstentums katholisch.
Nachdem am 2. Dezember 1997 Papst Johannes Paul II. mit der Apostolischen Konstitution «Ad satius consulendum» das Erzbistum Vaduz errichtet hatte, um den umstrittenen Bischof Wolfgang Haas aus dem Bistum Chur, zu dem das bisherige Dekanat Liechtenstein gehört hatte, dorthin zu befördern, ist der Erzbischof von Vaduz für das ganze Fürstentum zuständig.

Die Schaffung des Erzbistums Vaduz wurde Anfangs zu einem Belastungspunkt für das religiöse und politische Leben in Liechtenstein – nicht zuletzt auch weil diese ohne vorherige Konsultierung der Regierung und des Landtags durchgeführt worden war. Dies zog auch eine Diskussion über die Trennung von Kirche und Staat nach sich.

Diplomatie
Der erste Versuch der Errichtung einer diplomatischen Vertretung Liechtensteins beim Heiligen Stuhl, der 1927 von der Volkspartei gemacht wurde, scheiterte an Bedenken des Fürstenhauses hinsichtlich möglicher negativer Auswirkungen auf die Beziehungen mit der Schweiz und der Tschechoslowakei. Erst am 8. Januar 1986 ernannte Liechtenstein Prinz Nikolaus von Liechtenstein zum nicht residierenden bevollmächtigten Botschafter und nahm damit diplomatische Beziehungen auf. Seit 1987 ist der Apostolische Nuntius in der Schweiz auch für Liechtenstein zuständig.

Einreisebestimmungen
Bürger Liechtensteins können wie alle Mitglieder des Schengen-Raums visafrei in die Vatikanstadt einreisen.

Einwohner des Vatikans können für maximal 90 Tage innerhalb einer 180-Tage-Periode visafrei nach Liechtenstein einreisen.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Two months ago, we launched space environments a feature requested by many a development team. Today, we are extending space environments with two additional features: making webhooks and user roles aware of environments. These changes provide a more comprehensive coverage of our customer needs, improving the productivity of developers and managers alike.
One of the things we regularly do at Contentful is study our most successful customers to understand how they differ from the rest. As we were going through this exercise back in the winter of 2016, we were running into a lot of blind alleys. We had analyzed many variables - from number of API calls and published entries to traffic volume and team size - but none of these metrics could predict with certainty whether a new signup would turn into a successful customer.
Just when we were almost at the end of our wits, we've noticed there was one metric which correlated closely with the success of our customers—that metric was the number of spaces. Not the number of projects, mind you, but actual spaces. Companies that were more innovative or had more experienced development teams tended to have a bigger appetite for spaces. So we set out to investigate what feeds this appetite.
Talking to customers was eye opening—many of them said that migrating to Contentful has changed the way they think about digital projects. Suddenly, they found themselves capable of using latest web technologies, launching new projects ahead of time, and directing their efforts at customer-facing features rather than spending their budgets on backend maintenance.
So where did spaces come into the play, we asked? Turns out that launching a new project is just part of the equation. Every successful project begets a steady stream of requests: companies need to react to changes in customer preferences, work on seasonal promotions, and look for ways to to alleviate the load of the editorial team. The challenge that development teams face is how to satisfy these requests quickly while reducing the risks of accidental errors or production downtime to a minimum.
One solution to this problem, explained the developers we interviewed, was to mimic their tried-and-tested approach of working with software changes. Continuous delivery (CD) / continuous integration (CI) workflow specifies that any software changes, to be introduced to the customer-facing application, must first go through a series of steps where they are developed, tested, and previewed in isolated environments which look like carbon copies of the live application. Once the development team is certain that the changes are safe, they are released into the live application.
The multiple spaces provisioned by our successful customers was an ingenious way in recreating the CD/CI workflow in the context of the Contentful platform.
We were impressed with the creativity of our customers—they were taking the concept of the content infrastructure to its logical conclusion faster than we've anticipated. When we realized this, we kicked off an internal project to help them get there faster and more comfortably.
Swapping an existing production space with a new space risked introducing changes that broke the customer-facing application.
The introduction of environments and Migration DSL addresses all the points above, offering businesses that use Contentful a fast, reliable, and transparent way to work on changes to their content structure. A carbon copy of your live content can now be provisioned in less than a minute, while migration scripts offer a clearly documented, step-by-step methodology to apply changes to your content model and populate thousands of entry fields with the right data. Once the changes are integrated into master environments, development environments can be deleted without any risk to your live data. And when teams collaborate within the same space, it's easier to set and enforce access permissions.
The workflow for updating the website at the Nordic Choice Hotels (NCH) shows how this process works in practice. The development team at the NCH manages a portfolio of digital properties that includes a booking website, partner portal, and a mobile app for guests. Even a minor hiccup can throw a spanner into day-to-day business operations, so the team runs a barrage of automated tests on every website update. These are designed to flag potential bugs, missing content, and longer-than-usual response times.
Migration scripts, used to update the content model, also provide a natural audit trail; since every change is documented and stored in the project repository. If the team needs to revert them at some later point, they can easily do so by examining the script that introduced the stray update.
While space environments are available since mid-May, there are two important additions we are introducing today. You told us that limiting access to environments to space administrators is unnecessarily restrictive. So from now on, space administrators can bestow access to environments to any role within the space; though, as the CMS as Code article makes it clear, we do not recommend letting editors, authors, or translators author content within environments.
Secondly, we worked to add more granular filtering options to space webooks. This enables development teams to send notifications to third-party services and trigger desired responses based on the actions happening within the space environments. For example, you can configure content model changes to be automatically promoted to a staging environment if they pass automated tests.
Our developer evangelist team has put together a handy tutorial on how to integrate environments into a CD/CI pipeline, in case you are curious to get started with it right away.
For managers, the key advantage lied in the reduced overhead: with the entire team working in the same space, they could be certain the editorial team would continue working in the right place and development teams could avoid mistakes.
It's not difficult to see how these benefits ultimately produce a faster, more reliable, and scalable way of evolving your content. We hope the introduction of this feature will help more development teams out there become quick at shipping digital projects and good at avoiding downtime.
How can I start using space environments?
Space environments are automatically included in your space for all new customers. If you are on the legacy plan, contact our support team to check the availability of space environments.


This formula, developed by Nobel Laureate Bill Sharpe, tries to quantify how a fund performs relative to the risk it takes. Take a fund's returns in excess of a guaranteed investment (a 90-day T-bill) and divide by the standard deviation of those returns. The bigger the Sharpe ratio, the better a fund performed considering its riskiness.


Medical informatics; applications and apps for diagnosis, control and medical visualization.
Juan Rodriguez, José M. Sabater-Navarro, Jose Luis Ruiz, Ana Soto, N. Garcia, "iProstate. A mathematical predictive model-based, 3D-rendering tool to visualize the location and extent of prostate cancer" International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery. Print ISSN: 1478-5951. DOI: 10.1002/rcs.331 Volumen: 7 pp: 71-84, March 2011, John Wiley & Sons, England.
J. Rodriguez, José M. Sabater-Navarro, N. Garcia, F.J. Amoros. "Ultrasound based application for intraglandular mapping of breast cancer" Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine.