Right now, European Union is a prosper and incredible political and economic union of several European countries, with one currency the Euro, after the Schengen agreement it was formed the Schengen Area, comprising 26 European states that have officially abolished passport and all other types of border control at their mutual borders, this had ease work for people who live in one country and work in another, tourism, of course, have been benefited with this, now you can visit several European countries with no borders control.
Travelling through Europe in train is a romantic and lovely way to do tourism, maybe because all the literature and films showing us trains surrounded by an amazing atmosphere that attract us.
1- First, you can use point-to-point tickets or a rail pass, both have advantages, tickets are for one trip only, and their prices vary depending of the distance among other considerations, if you have your trip carefully planned or if your trips are short distances, tickets are the best option since rail pass has an unique price and short distance trips are quite expensive, but in long distance trips prices with rail pass are cheaper, besides, the pass gives you a lot of freedom because you can board any train just showing it, be aware that even if you have a pass you will need to do reservation for high speed or night trains.
2- Night trains are the best option if you are going to sleep during your trip, trying to sleep in your seat is very uncomfortable and you will arrive tired, night trains have a higher cost, but they provide sleepers and couchettes which will give the comfort you need while you sleep, it really worths it.
3- Travel light, there may be some storage restriction and you surely will be happy with the low weight of your bag when you lift it, but don't forget pack the supplies you need, tablet or a reader, there are some tunnels where you will need them, pack some snacks, prices inside the train may be high and if you want to save some money or you have some diet restriction, you should buy something in a local grocery store.
4- Plan your trip, so you can be on time in the stations and you will know which trains to use, there are plenty information available for you even websites and apps, and a tow truck near you, that will give you some extra time to relax and wander around.
5- The changes of pressure when the train goes through mountains can affect you, the use of earplugs for air travels may help you, you also should take in consideration the motion sickness, if you are prone to suffer that condition, be sure to pack motion sickness medication.
This world, our planet, is blessed with beauty and majesty, the mother nature and time have worked together to shape this planet, turning it into an artwork that mesmerize our senses, the landscapes are amazing wherever you go, regardless the country, the beauty doesn't know about borders.
Humans, despite all the pollution and damage made to environment, have contributed with nature creating some beautiful and impressive landscapes too, there are stunning garden that will make you feel that you are in other world, full of magic beauty and peace.
You should visit one of that places at least once in your lifetime, so you can feel the impressive atmosphere, breathe the scent, the beauty and majesty that you find in those landscapes, you will fill yourself with peace, joy and will return home feeling renewed and free of stress, with new strength to face the world.
Encourage yourself to travel abroad and visit any of this amazing and magnificent landscapes, you will not regret it and you will enrich your life and soul.
You have seen how beautiful and magical this places can be, and you can get a piece of paradise for your home, nature can be assisted by men to produce such sceneries, and there are specialized companies that have as purpose to help you in that task, if you have some space you can transform it into a beautiful and relaxing landscape.
Make up your mind and start your project, have an idea of what you want, visit other gardens to inspire yourself and then get some specialized help, there are many companies that can be found in many ways, almost all of them render their services in a limited area, they help people in the city of Duluth in the State of Minnesota, fulfill their dreams and provide them with all they may need to create a little piece of heaven in their homes.
Find the space, get the proper and specialized help and invest in your peace and happiness.
Maybe you've already visited France and you're looking for something different from what everyone sees, or if you're one of those tourists who like to get lost in the details of the great countries, those who like to venture into the unknown and marvel at the lesser-known wonders. Here we present a list of places to visit in France apart from Paris and its Eiffel Tower.
This is undoubtedly the most important museum in the world, if you like art and science, this museum is for you. It has iconic paintings such as La Gioconda, by Leonardo da Vinci, and a lot of works that have nothing to envy to any other museum in the world. Its iconic pyramid shape is recognizable by all people who know about general culture.
One of the most beautiful castles that we will find on the Loire route, this castle located in the Loire Valley, although it is one of the many castles that are found here, is a castle that does not fail to go unnoticed by all its visitors.
One of the most visited places in France, with 3.2 million visitors every year attracted by its prodigious architecture. The abbey consecrated to the cult of the archangel San Miguel gives its name to the island. The statue of San Miguel Arcángel stands 170 meters above the shore. If you run with the luck of being able to see the sunset in one of the enclaves, you will be able to enjoy a landscape that will leave you amazed the rest of your life.
Like Mont Saint-Michel, this medieval town located in Languedoc-Roussillon is a must-see destination for all those travelers who enjoy traveling, culture and history. Its stone streets and its sunset will make you believe that you are in a fairy tale.
If you went to the city of Carcassonne you can do this route, where you can see, among others, the castle of Peyrepertuse, a castle located on a cliff that will let you see the whole landscape. But we recommend to travel this route outside the hot months, and when there are not so many tourists, as this can hinder the experience a bit, and the truth is that when we travel we want only the best.
To finish the list, but no less important, we have the Costa Azul, also known as the French Riviera, one of the world's centers of tourism, and the residence of many famous people. We can find such emblematic places as Monaco, Cannes or St. Tropez. It is also a site known for its film festival, for all those who love movies that have the opportunity to come and enjoy.
California is one of the most important tourist states in the USA, being the third largest state in the country, it offers countless activities to be done and an infinite number of sites to discover. We present the best places to go in California this 2018.
Without a doubt San Francisco is one of the most interesting cities to go on a trip, besides its climate is divine for all those who dare to travel to this city. San Francisco offers, among other things, stunning beaches that will dazzle you with their warm and beautiful sunsets, in addition to a heterogeneous culture product of the great variety of cultures that have influenced the formation of the city. The best thing for San Francisco is to get lost in its different urban areas and get to know first-hand the diversity of San Francisco.
Downtown Los Angeles offers all those interested in architecture impressive and historic buildings such as the town hall, and the Cathedral of Our Lady of Los Angeles, as well as the Walt Disney Concert Hall. Hollywood, the reason why Los Angeles is known, this city is the home of the most important film industry in the world, besides it is the city where is the famous "Walk of Fame" where are the names of all your favorite stars.
National parks are a must for all those who love nature in its wildest state. You will find that California's national parks are as different as they are fascinating, whenever you come you will feel trapped by the magic that these huge parks give off and you will always want to return to find your wild side.
The California Vineyards offer a spectacular view, along with the possibility of tasting the best wine in the United States. The best thing is to call or write in advance to the wineries that you want to visit, so they can give you all the information you need. See the wineries and taste a good wine is something that will give elegance to your trip so do not be an expert in the area.
If what you are looking for is something to enjoy with the family, California offers a great variety of theme parks with which the family will never be bored and where there is always an activity to do, no matter how many times you visit them you will always find something new and magical in them.
The water parks of California are excellent thanks to its warm climate, which makes taking a dip in the pool perfect for cooling off. Almost all aquatic parks have a special area for the smallest of the house separated from the area for adults, to avoid accidents and for fun to be appropriate for all ages. If you plan to travel with children, the water parks are excellent for children, and if not, there are no problems as they have their own area within the park separate from the adults area.
There is always an excuse to escape on a vacation trip, and what better option than to go to a paradisiacal beach in Mexico itself, with its incredible culture, spicy food and imposing ruins? We present here 5 beautiful beaches to visit in Mexico.
Located in the south of Cancun, we find this beautiful white sand beach, right under an old building called "El Castillo". You can enjoy this beach after having tons of fun in an archaeological expedition. Its crystalline waters, palm trees and numerous hotels in the area are a must to come to Mexico.
Known by the locals and tourists for its crystallines waters and white sand, North Beach on Isla Mujeres is the perfect destination for those looking to relax. Families with children who prefer calm waters that provide a great opportunity to dive.
A quiet beach that offers great emotions, activities that go from fishing to diving in deep waters. A perfect climate to relax and enjoy a day at the beach. Near an incredible shopping area where you can find restaurants, bars and old shops. Sheltered by the Sierra Madre mountains and its spectacular views this complex has everything you need including the best beaches of Mexico, you won't regret visiting them.
Easily accessible by water taxis or by climbing the rocks from Solmars Beach for the most intrepid. Known as "lovers beach" due to the mysticism and romance that its rocks give, known as the Land's End formation.
The area can be very dangerous due to its potential of currents and waves, but you can enjoy it on the small beach of golden sands and adore the landscape surrounded by rocks. You can also do activities like snorkeling. The beach is well known among lovers and comes to enjoy its crystal clear waters and its wonderful scenery is an experience that is truly worthwhile.
Excellent beach for swimming, very crowded by tourists and locals for its incredible view of the island of the Holy Spirit. The gastronomy of the place is presented through its sellers and its local products of the area. It also has a restaurant and bar where you can order all your fresh seafood delicacies from the menu. The beach has the most basic amenities for vacationers. Showers and bathrooms for which you do not need permits during your stay.


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Q: Non tiled and non stretchable background image for UIView Is there a way to create a background image for a UIView that is not stretchable and not tiled?  I want the origin and size of the image to be always the same regardless of the UIView frame size.
Thanks.

A: You need to change the contentMode property of your image view.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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A dry landslide was reported at the base of Mt Annapurna South at Narchyang VDC - 1, Nepal on February 23, 2016. The landslide occurred in the area that suffered deformation at the time of the massive Nepal earthquake in April 2015. Five people went missing.
The landslide happened on the night of February 23 (local time). A release of a large dust cloud has made a significant impact on the nearby communities in Narchyang, Dana, Bhurung, Tatopani, Shik, Ghar and Dowa VDCs. The haze reportedly caused traffic disruptions across the affected areas.
The Nepal Army and Nepal Police rescue services had difficulties in reaching the site, according to Bishworaj Khadka, Deputy Superintendent of Police. Five people who were on their way to forage for bamboo have gone out of contact, and the search and rescue attempts have been active since.
Residents of the affected areas couldn't come out of their homes due to the thick smog. The area where the landslide has hit, near the source of the Dhlemdi River, is, luckily, not inhabited.
Following the landslide the river has been blocked and full of muddy slush, according to Dirgha Prasad Gautam, the Narchyang VDC Secretary.
Annapurna is the tenth tallest mountain in the world, but it ranks as one of the most dangerous. It is located along a 55-kilometer (34-mile) ridge just east of the Gandaki River, which has carved one of the deepest river gorges in the world. The gorge separates Annapurna from Dhaulagiri, the seventh tallest mountain in the world, EO explains.
The rocks that make up Annapurna's summit, limestone formed at the bottom of a warm ocean, are a reminder of the powerful tectonic forces that pushed up the world's highest mountains. Other eight-thousanders with limestone near the summits include Everest and Dhaulagiri.


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Facebook cryptocurrency Libra skewered on Capitol Hill
Some lawmakers say Libra could threaten government-backed currencies and consumer privacy, while giving Facebook reign over an unprecedented global financial system.
David Marcus, who heads Calibra, Facebook's cryptocurrency subsidiary, testifies Tuesday during a Senate Banking Committee hearing on Capitol Hill. (Alex Wong/Getty Images)
Renae Merle
Reporter covering white-collar crime and Wall Street
July 17, 2019 at 12:07 a.m. UTC
Skeptical lawmakers on Tuesday questioned Facebook's plan to help create a global currency, arguing that the Silicon Valley giant is seeking unprecedented influence over the financial system.
"Facebook is dangerous," Sen. Sherrod Brown (D-Ohio) said during a Senate Banking Committee hearing on the cryptocurrency project. "We would be crazy to give them a chance to experiment with people's bank accounts."
Sen. Martha McSally (R-Ariz.) added: "I don't trust Facebook. … Instead of cleaning up your house, you are starting a new business model."
Facebook says the cryptocurrency, known as Libra, would bridge a gap in the financial system for people who lack access to traditional banking. The project would ultimately allow Facebook's 2.4 billion users worldwide to send and transfer money quickly — and with almost no fees, the company says.
On June 18, Facebook announced the debut of its digital currency Libra. Here's some background on how the initiative works.
But the project, unveiled last month, sparked immediate concerns from leaders around the world about whether Libra would threaten government-backed currencies, encourage money laundering and jeopardize consumers' data. On Monday, Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin said criminal misuse of cryptocurrency is a "national security issue," and last week, Federal Reserve Chair Jerome H. Powell told Congress that Libra raises "serious concerns."
Why governments around the world are afraid of Libra, Facebook's cryptocurrency
"We agree with all of the concerns," said David Marcus, head of Calibra, the Facebook subsidiary focused on cryptocurrency. Libra will not be launched until all of regulators' questions are addressed, he said.
Many lawmakers focused on whether Facebook, which has been engulfed in controversy for more than two years, should be trusted with such a potentially powerful technology. Just last week, the Federal Trade Commission approved a $5 billion settlement with the company over its privacy practices.
"Why in the world should Facebook, of all companies, given the last couple years, do this?" Sen. Brian Schatz (D-Hawaii) asked.
"We shouldn't stand back and wait [when] we have the resources and engineering talent," Marcus responded.
"Because you're so big, you think you should just get bigger?" Schatz said.
Marcus repeatedly attempted to relieve lawmakers' concerns, promising Facebook would not directly control Libra. The tech giant is one of nearly 30 members of a coalition that would control the cryptocurrency, Marcus said.
"I know that we will have to earn people's trust for a very long period of time in order to get the benefit of them wanting to use" the program, he said.
Some Republicans came to the company's defense. Libra has a lot of potential, Sen. Patrick J. Toomey (R-Pa.) said, and "to strangle this baby in the crib is premature. I think we should be exploring this and considering the benefits and concerns."
Still, Facebook faces a tough task winning over many lawmakers. Marcus is scheduled to appear before the House Financial Services Committee on Wednesday. That committee is led by Rep. Maxine Waters (D-Calif.) who has introduced legislation that could block Libra.
The bipartisan drumming of Libra could also slow efforts to sign up more corporate sponsors. The project has already received a pessimistic reception from Wall Street, which is weary of Silicon Valley encroachment on the financial industry and has questioned whether Libra would face the same strict, and often cumbersome, oversight as does a traditional bank.
"As long as it's [a] level playing field reviewed by regulators, we have no problem with what anyone does," Jaime Dimon, chief executive of JPMorgan Chase, said in a call with reporters Tuesday.
Just a few years ago, Dimon drew the ire of the crypto community when he called bitcoin a "fraud." But since then, JPMorgan, the country's largest bank, has begun preparing a pilot program for an internal cryptocurrency, JPM Coin. Its reach would be limited to internal transactions with the bank's corporate clients.
Dimon did not respond to a question about whether the bank would join the Calibra coalition backing Libra.
Correction: An earlier version of this article incorrectly attributed a quote from Sen. Brian Schatz (D-Hawaii) to Sen. Chris Van Hollen (D-Md.). The article has been updated.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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label_tri_angle
Katie Gately: Color (LP, Tri Angle, October 2016)
November 16, 2016 December 28, 2016 dograndoLeave a comment
Wow, how brilliantly bonkers is this??? Vocally, Gately ranges from chirpy pop to melodramatic cabaret and incorporates eccentric yelps and shifts of tone and basically comes over like a Kate Bush for the attention-deficit generation. Musically, it's equally full-on: synth-heavy, densely-layered, chaotic, over-the-top, and wickedly inventive. She never misses an opportunity for an extra flourish or parp or clang, and if she can squeeze a mariachi-style trumpet or a plinky little piano line in as well then all the better. To accuse this record of overshooting in its "chronic maximalism", as the normally sound Resident Advisor did, seems to be missing the point: it's like ordering an orangeade and then complaining it's too orangey. I suspect that Gately would take that as a compliment. The key thing for me is that, for all that, it never feels random: every additional element seems to add rather than subtract, which is a bloody hard thing to pull off. Listening to this feels a little bit like riding an out-of-control fairground ride while you're off-your-face drunk (probably): if you try to resist it or make sense of what's happening to you, it's probably going to be pretty unpleasant, but if you let yourself go, it's a delirious thrill.
genre_avant_pop, label_tri_angle, year_2016
Brood Ma: Daze (LP, Tri Angle, February 2016)
March 29, 2016 dograndoLeave a comment
I have to admit, this record frustrates me at times, as it doesn't seem to be making the most of the producer's obvious talents. But there are enough good bits here to make this a keeper. Presented as 13 tracks but effectively a 27 minute continuous mix, it manages to pull in grime, techno, industrial, noise, electronica, and sound effects — plus a bunch more things, probably, and that's just in the first couple of minutes. The downside of the scattergun approach is that, for the first third or so of its running time, it mostly sounds unfocused, like a kid excited to show you all their toys and not really letting you see anything properly before jumping onto the next thing. It's about track 7, Molten Brownian Motion, before things start making sense for me: at 2m58s it's the second longest track here, and manages to finally lock into a groove — and one of an impressively pummelling intensity. For me, the wait is worth it: the next seven or eight minutes are a real visceral thrill. Things do start to drift again near the end, but then the final track, the 5-minute (!) long Nrg Jynx (Daze End Version) is a big snarling monster of bassy synths, machine-gun beats, and a stonking industrial howling and clattering, and all is forgiven.
genre_electronica, genre_grime, genre_industrial, genre_noise, genre_sound_effect, genre_techno, label_tri_angle, year_2016
Sd Laika: That's Harakiri (CD, Tri Angle, April 2014)
August 11, 2014 dograndoLeave a comment
Okay, I'm not a huge dubstep fan, but there seem to be some interesting people pushing the genre boundaries out there, and in a determinedly leftfield direction. Wen's Signals would be one example, but this takes it further: there are tracks here which only seem to contain trace DNA betraying their origins. Like the Wen record, the production is excellent, and there are some jaw-dropping juxtapositions and sudden changes in direction. Take, say, You Were Wrong: it starts out with a big wobbly sublow, but then cuts to a combination of skittery drum machine and a chopped-up loop played, apparently, on an out of tune piano, and then the drums fade, leaving the piano meandering, then the bass comes back, then the drums, and the whole thing comes together in a joyful staccato syncopation. All this in three and a quarter minutes — the whole 11 tracks clock in at just over 32 minutes. It's great fun and very clever. And yet, and yet… somehow the album as a whole doesn't quite convince me, and seems destined to go down as a curiosity rather than a classic — as, in all honesty, the Wen record did. Perhaps the problem is that I'm not a huge dubstep fan, and I haven't quite found the record to convince me.
I bought this from Boomkat. They call it Grime / Fwd.
genre_dubstep, label_tri_angle, year_2014
The Haxan Cloak: Excavation (CD, Tri Angle, April 2013)
July 26, 2013 dograndoLeave a comment
The album art for Excavation consists of a painting of a noose-like rope against a blank near-black background. This gives a subtle clue what kind of a musical experience we're in for. And, indeed, the music is pretty doomtastic: deep deep bass sounds loom out of the speakers, industrial rhythms stutter and spurt, minor chords float around uncertainly, sawn-off yelps burst out. As such things go, this is quite a restrained affair (it doesn't have the over-the-top theatricality of, say, Kreng's Grimoire), and in fact I almost feel a little cheated that it doesn't deliver the I'll-eat-your-soul climax that it seems to have been threatening. But it has a good balance of moods, from the ambient to the darkly propulsive, and the editing is pleasingly crisp and precise. When I fancy something unapologetically bleak, this is a satisfying listen.
I bought this from Juno. They call it Industrial / Drone / Noise.
genre_drone, label_tri_angle, year_2013
Balam Acab: Wander/Wonder (CD, Tri Angle, August 2011)
February 5, 2012 dograndoLeave a comment
Shuffling underwater beats, swirling strings, delicate chimes — and vocals pitch-bent up to the verge of chipmunkery. Hey, what? Strangely, this works rather beautifully. The effect isn't the least bit comic. I'll admit that it took me one listen through to get over my confusion, and to forget the associations with the dafter ends of rave. But, in fact, this record drips with a loved-up psychedelia which is quite unlike anything I can think of (except, just maybe… if Alvin or one of his friends got bored of the pop career and decided to make a downtempo album, possibly produced by the Neptunes…). It is also utterly enchanting.
I bought this from Juno. They call it Dubstep / Grime, which seems kind of an odd choice to me, but what do I know?
genre_downtempo, label_tri_angle, year_2011
Ayshay: Warn-U (CD single,Tri Angle, September 2011)
January 29, 2012 dograndoLeave a comment
This record resists categorization rather brilliantly. The title track is mostly (as far as I can tell) mainly composed of three heavily processed loops of human voices, along with some gentle laptop effects (the only beat is a barely present pad). Two are wordless drones or chants, one a rumbling bass and the other a floating soprano. In between is something which appears to be the main vocal: there are words, and they sound kinda like English, but I couldn't say for sure. I find the effect rather hypnotic and pleasingly disorientating. Tracks 2 and 3 continue in the same vein, indeed seemingly using some of the same components — there's a risk of this becoming repetitive, but the tracks are short, and since she is inventing her own musical language it makes sense to hear the same phrases re-occurring. (Biographical note: This is the work of Arabic-American Fatima Al Qadiri, and the vocals are all apparently her own, pitch-shifted and autotuned all round the park. 'Ayshay' is Arabic for 'whatever'.)
The fourth track is a 'megamix' which brings in the same layered vocals over a skittering semi-acoustic breakbeat (which I am tempted to describe as a kind of north African amen). There's a definite raviness to it — by the end, she's getting busy with the pitch bender on the snares, jungle-style — but it never quite takes light for me and, at 12 minutes, somewhat outstays its welcome.
I bought this from Boomkat. They call it Electronic (which is, frankly, a cop-out… but an understandable one).


Last month, Equifax, one of the three main credit bureaus, announced that it had been hacked between May and July of this year. As a result, personal information — including names, addresses, and social security numbers — was compromised for 143 million Americans — that's nearly half of the U.S. adult population.
Unlike other large hacks that have occurred in recent years, this one is different as an enormous amount of social security numbers were compromised. Unlike when credit card numbers are stolen, the hack of social security numbers presents more and bigger problems for those affected. That's because with most credit cards, holders aren't liable for fraudulent charges, and it's usually pretty straightforward and routine to report them and get a refund.
However for social security numbers, it's extremely difficult to get a new one, and criminals may wait years before trying to use them to open fraudulent lines of credit or steal your identity. Whether or not you know for certain that your social security number was compromised, here are 4 things you should do to protect yourself moving forward.
Everyone can get a free copy of their credit report from each of the big three credit bureaus each year for free. Simply go to annualcreditreport.com and follow the instructions. Since you get one free report annually from each of the big three credit bureaus, you may want to space out your free reports to cover more of the year rather than get all three at once.
The only surefire way to make sure that criminals can't mess with your credit is to put a freeze on your credit lines with each of the major credit companies. This is an ideal move for those who don't foresee the need to open up new lines of credit in the near future. If you are in the market for a new home, a new car, or are about to take out a new loan, a freeze may not be ideal.
The other downside is that you can't freeze your credit for free (at least not yet). Fees tend to range between $5 and $15 depending on various factors, and there are fees for both freezing and unfreezing your credit. Following public pressure, Equifax is allowing consumers to freeze their credit for free, provided they do so by November 21st.
With the information stolen from Equifax, criminals could attempt to file fraudulent returns and get your tax refunds. That's why you should strive to have all of your tax-related documents sorted and ready to go, so you can file your taxes as early in the tax season as possible. For more actions you can take to protect yourself from tax-related identity theft, check out this article from CNBC.
The scariest and most frustrating part of this hack is that you might not be affected by it for years. If your social security number has been taken, criminals and other malicious entities may wait a long time before trying to do anything with it. That's why everyone needs to understand that vigilance is going to be key in the coming years. Don't let yourself become complacent and get in the habit of checking your credit reports every couple of months to make sure there isn't anything fishy going on.
If you believe that you are the victim of identity theft, check out the Federal Trade Commission's recovery plan following identity theft.


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How to Make Sure Your Spirometry Tests Are of Good Quality
Paul L Enright
Respiratory Care August 2003, 48 (8) 773-776;
Respiratory Science Center, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
For correspondence: [email protected]
Poorly performed spirometry greatly increases the risk of misinterpreting spirometry results. The most common cause of erroneous results is suboptimal patient coaching. Use exaggerated body language to demonstrate each of the 3 phases of the forced vital capacity (FVC) maneuver. The first phase of the maneuver (the maximally deep breath) is the most important and should receive the most emphasis. In the second phase (the blast) startle the patient to prompt maximum flow during the first second. In the third phase do not yell at the patient to keep blowing; instead, draw the patient's attention to the movement of the bell of the volume spirometer, the computer incentive display, or the audio tone of the flow-sensing spirometer, which shows that he or she is continuing to get some air out. Pay attention to the patient's body language as you coach him or her through the 3 phases. Facial expressions and body language are much more important than telling the patient what to do. Use the latest National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) reference equations and the ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second to forced expiratory volume in the first 6 seconds (FEV1/FEV6). Young, old, and sick patients can produce high-quality, reproducible pulmonary function test results. Grade pulmonary function test efforts with the scholastic grading system (A, B, C, D, and F). Implement a centralized spirometry quality assurance program. Test your spirometers daily. Be cautious in making corrections for bodytemperature-and-pressure-saturated.
Paul L Enright MD, University of Arizona, AHSC 2342, PO Box 245030, 1501 N Campbell Avenue, Tucson AZ 85724-3030. E-mail: lungguy{at}aol.com.
Copyright © 2003 by Daedalus Enterprises Inc.
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Danica Patrick, Tony Stewart get new crew chiefs in Stewart-Haas Racing overhaul
By Nate RyanNov 30, 2015, 11:56 AM EST
Stewart-Haas Racing reshuffled half of its crew chief lineup Monday, naming new team leaders for Tony Stewart and Danica Patrick.
Michael Bugarewicz, the lead engineer for Kevin Harvick's No. 4 Chevrolet the past two seasons, was shifted to take over Stewart's No. 14 team in the 2016 Sprint Cup season.
Billy Scott, who was a crew chief for Clint Bowyer, Brian Vickers, David Ragan and Michael Waltrip last season at Michel Waltrip Racing, was named to become Patrick's third Sprint Cup crew chief in three years.
Scott replaces Daniel Knost, who was promoted to a senior leadership position within SHR as a manager of vehicle dynamics.
Bugarewicz takes over for Chad Johnston, who left to become Kyle Larson's crew chief after two seasons with Stewart.
Bugarewicz began his NASCAR career at Roush Fenway Racing's engineering department in 2005. He was the race engineer for Matt Kenseth (2011-12) and Ricky Stenhouse Jr. ('13) before joining SHR in 2014 to help Harvick win his first Sprint Cup championship.
Bugarewicz, 33, is from Lehighton, Pa., and graduated from Penn State University with a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering ('04) and a master's in mechanical engineering ('05).
Stewart, who is entering the final season of his NASCAR career, finished 28th in the 2015 standings with a career-low three top 10s.
"We have great people at Stewart-Haas Racing and these changes prove that," Stewart said in a statement. "We were able to promote from within while also adding new talent.
"Change isn't easy, and that's particularly true when it comes to my relationship with Chad Johnston. He served as my crew chief during two very difficult seasons. He was always supportive and he's become like a brother to me. I think very highly of Chad and wish him nothing but the best in his new opportunity."
Scott, 38, graduated from the University of North Carolina at Charlotte in 2005 and worked in stock cars, sports cars and sprint cars before joining MWR in 2008. The Land O' Lakes, Fla., native worked as an engineer for the team under Rodney Childers, who has been Harvick's crew chief at SHR the past two seasons.
Scott becomes the third crew chief for Patrick since she entered NASCAR's premier series full time in 2013. She finished a career-best 24th in the 2015 points standings, her first full season with Knost.
Knost, 36, will oversee several SHR technical efforts with a focus on track simulation and race car performance. In two seasons as a crew chief, he led Kurt Busch to the 2014 Chase for the Sprint Cup through a March 2014 win at Martinsville Speedway.
The team will keep its crew chiefs intact for Harvick (Childers) and Busch (Tony Gibson). Both teams made the Chase and combined for five wins in 2015.
"We made these changes after thoroughly evaluating our program to ensure that all four of our teams are consistently strong and competitive," SHR vice president of competition Greg Zipadelli said in a release. "In this business, you can't rest and you can never be satisfied. You have to constantly improve. We feel these personnel changes enhance our strengths and shore up areas where we needed to be better."


Gorgeous Lake Junaluska has been a mountain retreat for the Methodist church since the early 1900s. Many do not realize that this lake "resort" town is open for all to enjoy with plenty of things to do and places to stay. It's at the foot of the Great Smoky Mountains near Waynesville and Maggie Valley, about 30 minutes west of Asheville.
Since the retreat's mission is to "renew the soul, mind and body," it's a perfect place to get away from the hustle and bustle of life in a very scenic setting. The town surrounds a 200-acre lake. Spend the night lakeside, explore 16 gardens, walk around the lake, play golf or take a boat tour (to name a few!).
Lake Walking Trail and Rose Walk: A scenic 3.8-mile paved path winds around the lake with resting points to relax and soak in the views. Cross the lake on the Turbeville Footbridge for a shorter 2.3-mile loop. It's wheelchair and scooter friendly, and most sections are flat. Find plenty of parking at many locations adjacent to the trail, and take a break at Junaluska Gifts & Grounds coffee shop along the way. Read more about the Walking Trail.
Kayak, Canoe & Paddleboard: Have fun on the lake from Memorial Day through Labor Day with rentals available every day.
Boat Tour: Take an excursion on Cherokee IV at 8 PM every day during the summer. Cost is just $5 per person! Tickets are available at Junaluska Gift & Grounds in the Harrell Center.
Bird Watching: A favorite location for birding, with top spots along the lake near the pool, the parking lot near Memorial Chapel, the cross at Inspiration Point, across the dam on Lakeshore Drive and the boat ramp. Pick up a checklist at the Welcome Center.
Corneille Bryan Native Garden: Features 500+ species of native plants and a haven for birdlife.
Fish: The lake is stocked with bass, catfish, crappie and others. You'll just need to have a valid North Carolina fishing license. No motor boats on the lake.
Golf: The 18-hole course offers affordable rates, spectacular views of the mountains and the lake, a layout designed for all levels, advanced tee times and PGA instruction.
Mini Golf, Tennis and Shuffleboard: Play for free with your equipment or rent some at the Soda Shop.
Labyrinth: Enter and walk this sacred path at your leisure, alone or with others.
Lodging: Lake Junaluska has a wide array of places to stay, including The Terrace lakeside hotel with scenic views and rocking chairs. Go to their Web site for more.
Charming and historic, Lambuth Inn sits on a hill overlooking Lake Junaluska with panoramic views of the mountains and lake. The recent renovation recaptured the original elegance of this stately inn, which was built in 1921 and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Rates are $95-$200/night. Go to their Web site for more.
Also find vacation rentals and economy rooms. Lodging is open to the public all year.
Restaurants: Dining options include buffet-style dining year-round at The Terrace and Lambuth Inn hotels. Junaluska Gifts & Grounds, located in the Harrell Center, offers specialty coffee, hand-dipped ice cream, smoothies and snacks. During the summer, cool down at the Lake Junaluska Soda Shop near the pool for snacks and drinks.
Camping: Find RV and tent sites, apartments and a meeting lodge with full hookups, pet-friendly campsites, picnic tables and fire rings. Open April-October.
Weddings & Reunions: The Lake Junaluska Conference and Retreat Center is the perfect location for weddings of all sizes, family reunions and friends' gatherings. Their lakeside conference facilities include a nice variety of venues for all size of events. And with plenty of dining and lodging options, your entire group can stay and play together without driving to multiple locations.
Lake Junaluska Singers: This 16-voice professional ensemble has performed nationally and internationally for conferences, dignitaries and major events. Their music ranges from classical choral and contemporary works to gospel, folk and musical theatre styles. Plan a visit during one of their concerts.
Take part in Easter egg hunts, a 5K and fun run, an outdoor sunrise service, and delicious breakfast and lunch buffets. 2-night packages are available. Go to their website for details.
Celebrate with concerts, special meals, fireworks and more. Highlights on the 4th include the parade at 11 AM, picnic 12-2 PM and fireworks at 9:30 PM. 4 night overnight packages include lodging, special meals, concerts, and fireworks special seating. Go to their website for details.
Hear traditional music and dance of the Southern Appalachian Region with fiddlers, banjo players, string bands, ballad singers, buck dancer and square dance teams. 2-night packages include lodging, continental breakfasts and access to all concerts. Go to their website for details. Go to their website for details.
Enjoy an exquisite Thanksgiving feast in the mountains. Choose and cut your own Christmas tree at a nearby farm to take home with you. Ticket to Biltmore Estate may be purchased with packages. Go to their website for details.
Purchase a 2- or 3-night package to enjoy this winter festival held at Lake Junaluska that features some of the top bluegrass and acoustic musicians in the nation. Come for music, workshops and jam sessions. Go to their website for details.
Special weekend with festive live music, hearty meals and local artistry. Events include Handel's "Messiah," the Appalachian Christmas Craft Show and a concert. 2-night package includes breakfast and dinner. Go to their website for details.
History: Lake Junaluska was founded in 1913 to provide space for fellowship, worship and recreation along the shores of a tranquil mountain lake. The name comes from Junaluska Mountain, which was named after a Cherokee Indian Chief who saved Andrew Jackson's life during a battle. The World Methodist Museum on the lake houses the largest collection of Methodist history, artifacts and memorabilia in the world.
From I-40 West, take exit 27 onto US 19-23.
Drive 3 miles and take exit 103.
Drive about 1 mile until you see Lake Junaluska gates on the right.
Bear right and follow the main road to the Bethea Welcome Center. Stop there to get a map and best places to visit on that day.
Scenic Drive: The Appalachian Medley Scenic Byway begins near Lake Junaluska. Read more!
Play by a beautiful lake in the shadows of the Great Smoky Mountains. The 18-hole course is 5,034 yards and par 68. Green fees start at only $15. Stay a few days with a variety of lodging options, from hotels to cabins. Located near Waynesville and Maggie Valley, a 30-minute drive west of Asheville.


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DISHARMONIC ORCHESTRA SPLIT WITH PUNGENT STENCH EP
2.14 | 2 ratings
Special Collaborator
Honorary Collaborator
"Disharmonic Orchestra / Pungent Stench" is a split EP release featuring the two Austrian grincore/ death metal acts Disharmonic Orchestra and Pungent Stench. Pungent Stench side of the split contains 5 tracks while Disharmonic Orchestra´s side of the split contains 7 tracks. The split was released through Nuclear Blast Records.
The music style that the two bands play on this EP is a far cry from the experimental/ avant garde metal of later releases by Disharmonic Orchestra and the Mentors influenced splatter/ gore death´n´Roll of later releases by Pungent Stench (songtitles like "Klyster Boogie" and "Splatterday Night Fever" from the later part of Pungent Stench discography says it all now don´t they?). Both bands play simple grindcore/death metal on this split release and while that style isn´t necessarily the most interesting thing in my world (unless it´s something really special) the music does have a certain primitive charm to it that I enjoy. Growling vocals, blasting drums and fast played hardcore influenced guitar and bass riffs is the order of the day. There isn´t much difference between the sound of the two acts but if I have to chose I´ll say that I find Pungent Stench output to be the most interesting part of the split. The sound quality is better on the Pungent Stench material too.
All in all this is a rather rare release if you find it in one of the limited coloured vinyl versions (500 in green vinyl, 250 in yellow vinyl and 250 in Orange vinyl). The quality of the release isn´t that high though and IMO this is mostly a fan item. It´s not really poor but not that exciting either. A 2 star rating is warranted.
UMUR | 2/5 | 2009-12-14
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Premier nubuck leather sandal with 3 colorful flower options. Single layer sole with no arch and bonded nylon thread toe construction. Toddler sizes (3/4-9/10) have a Velcro ankle strap while the Kids' sizes (11/12-4/5) have a buckle closure at the ankle. Non-slip Rainbow bottom.
Each pair includes an extra assortment pack of flowers to mix and match!


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Cave Creek Thriller 30K
Our summer is over and the race season is just beginning. Another October is upon us and I've already been completely taken over by the incredible weather and forgotten completely that it was 110 degrees just a month ago.
What miserably hot summer?
It's perfect out.
And running has never been easier.
No water bottle.
No dry mouth.
No getting back to your car after the run feeling destroyed and then five minutes later your body catches up and sweats through the cloth seats.
No more strategically planning your week of training around the sunrise because once it comes up it's like the Chronicles of Riddick...it's overbearing and ever present in the rest of the run. A monkey on your back waiting to pop you in the ear with those stupid symbols (that can't be spelled right....) I can run in the heat and I know many that actually enjoy it. Many go out at noon in August. But that doesn't mean it's smart or fun. In fact...I hate it. It's bearable through mid-July but the last month plus is always rough for me.
Now, you can run at any time of the day or night and it's perfect. I ran this morning at 5am without a shirt on, just a headlamp, shoes, shorts and the Disco Biscuits. It was incredible. Running up hills I've always walked in the past, cruising along at a solid pace without the interruption of walking to get my core temperature down to under 201 degrees. Running the the fall in Phoenix is a rejuvenation.
To test the rejuvenation I'm running my first race since the Mesquite Canyon 50K way back in March. March. Seven months ago.
It seems odd that I haven't raced since then, but I skipped Zane Grey this year, didn't run a 100 all summer and was focused on the Monster up until a few weeks ago. I ran a ton of marathon or longer training runs on the Mogollon Rim and a 85 mile jaunt on the Mogollon Monster course in May but nothing with competition.
So this will be fun. 18 miles up in Cave Creek Regional Park at the Cave Creek Thriller 30K, the first of the Aravaipa Running DRT Trail Series here in the Phoenix area. It has some trails I know, some I don't. But it's 18 miles and it'll be a good test of my fitness after putting in a couple decent runs the last couple weeks and one strong week last week. I'm still way short on training and being where I want to be in having a focused training plan but comfortable enough that I'm ready to head up north, run a few trails and hang with the fast guys. We'll see how long it lasts. Bret Sarnquist, Jay Danek, Tony Delogne, Jules Miller, Jeremy Schmuki and as usual in running and ultrarunning...a whole bunch of people that will come out of the group and crush a bunch of us. It's not a Dark Horse in running, it's a Dark Herd. So many unknowns that can pop up and put down a fast time. Which is part of the intrigue in running a race, especially one where it's around 50-100 runners. Just enough to know who is going into this with you and not so many you have zero chance of competing for a respectable place.
So I'll for the first time give it a shot up front of the pack and see where that takes me. I'll shoot for a spot in file behind Jay Danek as I know he's in the fastest shape of his life and after 10 miles see where each of us are and go from there. Eighteen miles is a perfect distance but I've never ran it without thinking I had another 13 to go. But as my races typically go, 18-20 miles is usually where I have a low spot before rebounding for the last ten miles of a 50K. Maybe for 18 I can hold a much faster pace and remain up front. If not...
I'm sure my ego will survive it.
www.aravaiparunning.com
R2R2R - 2012
November 2nd I'll be taking another trek down to the Canyon for a Bright Angel>North Rim>Bright Angel Double Crossing. I haven't done it since last fall and aside from a trip this February for a 50K route off the Tanner trail I haven't seen the Canyon since. So I'm totally oblivious again as to just how difficult and challenging this trip can be and always is. Jay Danek is going for his first go of the Double Crossing and of course Honey Albrecht who always makes it when it involves the Grand Canyon. It'll be my 5th double and probably Honey's twentieth or something. It's great to have done it and a once a year trip. Not sure I'd be up for multiple attempts in a calendar year. It's a lot like Zane Grey. Always sounds like a great idea until you hit about 30 miles and you're staring down 8 miles of switchbacks...
Either way...really looking forward to it and starting out at night Friday night we'll be up over 24 hours before we even start climbing back up. And we'll catch the sunrise which is worth a thousand gels.
Interesting Facts about Arizona!!
100 Fun & Fascinating Facts about Arizona
1. Arizona has 3,928 mountain peaks and summits—more mountains than any one of the other Mountain States (Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming).
2. All New England, plus the state of Pennsylvania would fit inside Arizona.
3. Arizona became the 48th state and last of the contiguous states on February 14, 1912.
4. Arizona's disparate climate can yield both the highest temperature across the nation and the lowest temperature across the nation in the same day.
5. There are more wilderness areas in Arizona than in the entire Midwest. Arizona alone has 90 wilderness areas, while the Midwest has 50.
6. Arizona has 26 peaks that are more than 10,000 feet in elevation.
7. Arizona has the largest contiguous stand of ponderosa pines in the world stretching from near Flagstaff along the Mogollon Rim to the White Mountains region.
8. Yuma, Arizona is the country's highest producer of winter vegetables, especially lettuce.
9. Arizona is the 6th largest state in the nation, covering 113,909 square miles.
10. Out of all the states in the U.S., Arizona has the largest percentage of its land designated as Indian lands.
11. The "Five C's" of Arizona's economy are: Cattle, Copper, Citrus, Cotton, and Climate.
12. More copper is mined in Arizona than all the other states combined, and the Morenci Mine is the largest copper producer in all of North America.
13. Clark Gable and Carole Lombard, two of the most prominent movie stars of Hollywood's Golden Age, were married on March 18, 1939, in Kingman, Arizona.
14. Covering 18,608 sq. miles, Coconino County is the second largest county by land area in the 48 contiguous United States.
15. The world's largest solar telescope is located at Kitt Peak National Observatory in Sells, Arizona.
16. Bisbee, Arizona is known as the Queen of the Copper Mines because during its mining heyday it produced nearly 25 percent of the world's copper and was the largest city in the Southwest between Saint Louis and San Francisco.
17. Billy the Kid killed his first man, Windy Cahill, in Bonita, Arizona.
18. Pioneer filmmaker, Cecil B. DeMille originally traveled to Flagstaff to make his first film but he arrived there in the middle of a storm and decided to move operations further west, to Hollywood. His film, The Squaw Man (1914), went on to be wildly successful, launching the fledgling movie industry and establishing Hollywood as the movie capital of the world.
19. Arizona grows enough cotton each year to make more than one pair of jeans for every person in the United States.
20. Famous labor leader and activist Cesar Chavez was born in Yuma.
21. In 1912, President William Howard Taft was ready to make Arizona a state on February 12, but it was Lincoln's birthday. The next day, the 13th, was considered bad luck so they waited until the following day. That's how Arizona became known as the "Valentine State."
22. When England's famous London Bridge was replaced in the 1960s, the original was purchased, dismantled, shipped stone by stone and reconstructed in Lake Havasu City, Arizona, where it still stands today.
23. Mount Lemmon, in the Santa Catalina Mountains, is the southernmost ski resort in the United States.
24. Rooster Cogburn Ostrich Ranch in Picacho, Arizona is the largest privately-owned ostrich ranch in the world outside South Africa.
25. If you cut down a protected species of cactus in Arizona, you could spend more than a year in prison.
26. The world's largest to-scale collection of miniature airplane models is housed at the library at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University in Prescott, Arizona.
27. The only place in the country where mail is delivered by mule is the village of Supai, located at the bottom of the Grand Canyon.
28. Located on Arizona's western border, Parker Dam is the deepest dam in the world at 320 feet.
29. South Mountain Park/Preserve in Phoenix is the largest municipal park in the country.
30. Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station, located about 55 miles west of Phoenix, generates more electricity than any other U.S. power plant.
31. Montezuma never visited Montezuma National Monument—he was born 100 years after the prehistoric dwelling was abandoned. The monument was misnamed for the Aztec emperor when it was rediscovered in the 1860's.
32. Oraibi, a Hopi village located in Navajo County, Arizona, dates back to before A.D. 1200 and is reputed to be the oldest continuously inhabited community in America.
33. Built in by Del Webb in 1960, Sun City, Arizona was the first 55-plus active adult retirement community in the country.
34. Petrified wood is the official state fossil. The Petrified Forest in northeastern Arizona contains America's largest deposits of petrified wood.
35. Many of the founders of San Francisco in 1776 were Spanish colonists from Tubac, Arizona.
36. Phoenix originated in 1866 as a hay camp to supply military post Camp McDowell.
37. Chino Valley's Fort Whipple was a U.S. Army post that served as Arizona Territory's first capital prior to the founding of Prescott. The post was founded in January 1864, but was moved in May 1864 to Granite Creek near present-day Prescott.
38. Prior to President Abraham Lincoln signing the Arizona Organic Act on February 24, 1863 to create Arizona Territory, Arizona was part of the territory of New Mexico.
39. Rainfall averages for Arizona range from less than three inches in the deserts to more than 30 inches per year in the mountains.
40. Rising to a height of 12,643 feet, Mount Humphreys north of Flagstaff is the state's highest mountain.
41. Roadrunners are not just in cartoons! In Arizona, you'll see them running up to 17-mph away from their enemies.
42. The Saguaro cactus is the largest cactus found in the U.S. It can grow as high as a five-story building and is native to the Sonoran Desert, which stretches across southern Arizona.
43. Sandra Day O'Connor, the first woman appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court, grew up on a large family ranch near Duncan, Arizona.
44. The city of Phoenix was named for the mythical Egyptian phoenix bird—which burst into flame and was reborn from its ashes—because the town sprouted from the ruins of a former civilization.
45. Santa Cruz County (1,237 sq. miles) is the smallest of Arizona's 15 counties, but is larger than more than 72 countries.
46. Spanish Franciscan friar Marcos de Niza was the first European to explore Arizona. He entered the area in 1539 in search of the mythical Seven Cities of Gold.
47. The best-preserved meteor crater in the world is located near Winslow, Arizona.
48. Camels were imported in the 1850s to survey the future Route 66 across northern Arizona.
49. The Arizona Cardinals are the oldest continuous franchise in the National Football League, dating back to 1898.
50. The worst range war and family feud in the West, which claimed the lives of dozens of ranchers, ironically occurred in a place called Pleasant Valley, Arizona.
51. The average state elevation is 4,000 feet.
52. The cactus wren is the official state bird. It gets its name from the fact that it likes to build nests in the protection of thorny desert plants, like the saguaro cactus.
53. The Navajo Nation spans 27,000 square miles across the states of Utah, Arizona and New Mexico, but its capital is seated in Window Rock, Arizona.
54. The amount of copper utilized to make the copper dome atop Arizona's Capitol building is equivalent to the amount used in 4.8 million pennies.
55. Between the years 1692 and 1711 Spanish missionary Father Eusebio Kino did more than just found missions in Arizona; he also taught many tribes the basics of agriculture and supplied them with cattle and seed grain.
56. The Castilian and Burgundian flags of Spain, the Mexican flag, the Confederate flag, and the flag of the United States have all flown over the land we now know as Arizona.
57. Near Yuma, the Colorado River's elevation dips to 70 feet above sea level, making it the lowest point in the state.
58. The geographic center of Arizona is 55 miles southeast of Prescott near the community of Mayer.
59. You could pile four 1,300-foot skyscrapers on top of each other and they still would not reach the rim of the Grand Canyon.
60. Nearly 5 million people visit Arizona's Grand Canyon National Park each year.
61. The hottest temperature recorded in Arizona was 128 degrees at Lake Havasu City on June 29, 1994.
62. The coldest temperature recorded in Arizona was 40 degrees below zero at Hawley Lake on January 7, 1971.
63. The Lost Dutchman, Jacob Waltz—who is alleged to be the owner of the yet-undiscovered Lost Dutchman Gold Mine in Arizona's Superstition Mountains—was actually a German.
64. Arizona's official state colors are blue and gold.
65. The Palo Verde is the official state tree. Its name means "green stick" and it blooms a brilliant yellow-gold in April or May.
66. The saguaro cactus blossom is the official state flower. The white flower blooms in May and June, opening in the middle of the night and closing the next day—surviving only about 18 hours for pollination.
67. A saguaro cactus can store up to nine tons of water.
68. The Arizona towns of Adair and Alamo Crossing are now underwater, having been swallowed up by the formation of dams that created Fool Hollow Lake and Alamo Lake (respectively).
69. The State Motto is Ditat Deus, which means "God Enriches" in Latin.
70. From 1973 to 2007, Arizona was the only state with official state neckwear, the bola tie. In 2007, New Mexico also adopted the bola tie as the official State Tie.
71. The state of Massachusetts could fit inside Maricopa County (9,922 sq. miles).
72. The westernmost battle of the Civil War was fought at Picacho Pass on April 15, 1862 near Picacho Peak in Pinal County.
73. There are 11.2 million acres of National Forest in Arizona, and one-fourth of the state forested.
74. Tubac was the first European Settlement in Arizona (1752).
75. Turquoise is the official state gemstone. The blue-green stone has a somewhat waxy surface and can be found throughout the state.
76. World War II brought many military personnel to train at Luke and Thunderbird airbases in Glendale.
77. Jerome, Arizona was named for Eugene Jerome of New York City, who never visited the town.
78. Two Arizonans have won their party's nomination for President: Barry Goldwater and John McCain.
79. Wyatt Earp was neither the town marshal nor the sheriff in Tombstone at the time of the shoot-out at the O.K. Corral. His brother Virgil was the town marshal.
80. The Navajo Nation Zoological and Botanical Park is the only tribally-owned zoo in the U.S.
81. The ringtail is the official state mammal. It is a fox-like, nocturnal animal that measures about two-and-a-half feet long.
82. The Center for Creative Photography at the University of Arizona holds more archives and individual works by 20th-century North American photographers than any other museum in the nation. Its archives contain an estimated 3.8 million items.
83. On June 6, 1936, the first barrel of tequila produced in the United States rolled off the production line in Nogales, Arizona.
84. The world's tallest Kachina doll, measuring 39 feet tall and fashioned of concrete, is located in Carefree, Arizona.
85. Once a rowdy copper mining town, Jerome's population dwindled to as few as 50 people after the mines closed in 1953.
86. The Sonoran Desert is the most biologically diverse desert in North America.
87. The Arizona tree frog is the state's official amphibian.
88. Bisbee is the Nation's southernmost mile-high city.
89. The two largest manmade lakes in the U.S. are Lake Mead and Lake Powell—both located in Arizona.
90. Arizona is the only state in the nation that elects a Mine Inspector.
91. The longest remaining intact section of Route 66 can be found in Arizona and runs from Seligman to Topock, a total of 157 unbroken miles.
92. The 13 stripes on the Arizona flag represent the 13 original colonies of the United States.
93. Thirteen species of rattlesnakes live in Arizona, more species than in any other state.
94. The University of Phoenix Stadium, home to the NFL Cardinals, retractable roof and rollout field combination is a first in North America.
95. The negotiations for Geronimo's final surrender took place in Skeleton Canyon, near present day Douglas, Arizona, in 1886.
96. Prescott, Arizona is home to the world's oldest rodeo, and Payson, Arizona is home to the world's oldest continuous rodeo—both of which date back to the 1880s.
97. Downtown Yuma, Arizona is one of only two designated National Heritage Areas west of the Mississippi.
98. Kartchner Caverns, near Benson, Arizona, is a massive limestone cave with 13,000 feet of passages, two rooms as long as football fields, and one of the world's longest soda straw stalactites: measuring 21 feet 3 inches.
99. The Litchfield Naval Air Facility (now called the Phoenix-Goodyear Airport) was the training base for the Navy Blue Angels aerial demonstration team until 1968.
100. At 221 miles long, Apache County is the longest county in the U.S., stretching from the Utah border to just south of Alpine, Arizona.
This list was compiled and researched by the Arizona Office of Tourism and the Arizona Centennial Commission staff with the assistance of Marshall Trimble, Arizona's Official State Historian


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The 2005 Tercera División play-offs to Segunda División B from Tercera División (Promotion play-offs) were the final playoffs for the promotion from 2004–05 Tercera División to 2005–06 Segunda División B. In some groups four teams took part in the play-off while other groups have only three.

The teams highlighted in yellow played the Liguilla de Ascenso to Segunda Division B.
The teams highlighted in red were relegated to Regional Divisions.

Groups A
Teams from Galicia, Asturias, Castile and León and Madrid.

Group A1
1st Eliminatory:

2nd Eliminatory:

Promoted to Segunda División B:Real Oviedo

Group A2
1st Eliminatory:

2nd Eliminatory:

Promoted to Segunda División B:Negreira

Group A3
1st Eliminatory:

2nd Eliminatory:

Promoted to Segunda División B:Valladolid B

Group A4
1st Eliminatory:

2nd Eliminatory:

Promoted to Segunda División B:Móstoles

Groups B
Teams from Cantabria, Basque Country, Navarre and Aragon.

Group B1
1st Eliminatory:

2nd Eliminatory:

Promoted to Segunda División B:Portugalete

Group B2
1st Eliminatory:

2nd Eliminatory:

Promoted to Segunda División B:Cultural Durango

Group B3
1st Eliminatory:

2nd Eliminatory:

Promoted to Segunda División B:Zalla

Group B4
1st Eliminatory:

2nd Eliminatory:

Promoted to Segunda División B:Racing B

Groups C
Teams from Catalonia, Valencian Community, Balearic Islands and Region of Murcia.

Group C1
1st Eliminatory:

2nd Eliminatory:

Promoted to Segunda División B:Sant Andreu

Group C2
1st Eliminatory:

2nd Eliminatory:

Promoted to Segunda División B:L'Hospitalet

Group C3
1st Eliminatory:

2nd Eliminatory:

Promoted to Segunda División B:Reus

Group C4
1st Eliminatory:

2nd Eliminatory:

Promoted to Segunda División B:Águilas

Groups D
Teams from Andalusia, Extremadura, and Castile-La Mancha.

Group D1
1st Eliminatory:

2nd Eliminatory:

Promoted to Segunda División B:Mérida

Group D2
1st Eliminatory:

2nd Eliminatory:

Promoted to Segunda División B:Baza

Group D3
1st Eliminatory:

2nd Eliminatory:

Promoted to Segunda División B:Villanueva

Group D4
1st Eliminatory:

2nd Eliminatory:

Promoted to Segunda División B:Cerro Reyes

External links
Segunda División B Play-Off 2004-05 on Futbolme.com

2004-05
play
2005 Spanish football leagues play-offs

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Stevia, a native species of South America, is commercially important as a source of the non-caloric diterpene glycosides stevioside and rebaudioside-A. Although it has been cultivated in southern Brazil, the production is not enough to meet the domestic market demand. This study evaluated biomass accumulation, morphological and physiological characters, and steviol glycosides yield of seven stevia accessions after two cuts. A great variation for the different plant characteristics was found between the first and second cuts. There was a positive correlation between biomass production and SGs content and productivity. The overall Principal Components Analysis results in both cuts indicate that the accessions CE7 and CE14 presented great Reb-A yield, height and lodging (%). The accessions CE4 and CE12 produced high Ste yield and accessions CE6, CE8 and CE9 the highest leaf:stem ratio and low SGs. The stevia accessions showed characteristics of the interest for crop improvement for both biomass and SGs production.


text:
import feedparser
import re

def getwordcounts(url):
    d=feedparser.parse(url)
    wc={}

    for e in d.entries:
        if 'summary' in e :
            summary = e.summary
        else :
            summary = e.description

        words = getwords(e.title+' ' + summary)
        for word in words:
            wc.setdefault(0)
            wc[word] += 1

    return d.feed.title.wc

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
List of ice hockey arenas by capacity
King Clancy
Chuck Rayner
1940–41 New York Americans season
1941–42 Brooklyn Americans season
Born in 1966, American ice hockey players, Calgary Flames players,
Houston Aeros (IHL) players
Montreal Canadiens draft picks
National Hockey League first round draft picks
New Jersey Devils players
New York Islanders players
Ottawa Senators players
Sherbrooke Canadiens players
Utica Devils players
Washington Capitals players
HC Milano players
Tom Chorske
Shoots Right
Teams Montreal Canadiens
Nationality USA
Born September 18 1966 (1966-09-18) (age 53),
Thomas P. Chorske (born September 18, 1966, in Minneapolis, Minnesota) is a former professional forward in the National Hockey League. In September 2006, he was named color commentator for New Jersey Devils radio broadcasts, a position he only held for a season before being replaced with former team color commentator Sherry Ross (who called games from 1992-1995).
Following an outstanding high school hockey career at Minneapolis Southwest High School, Chorske was named Mr. Hockey as the state's most outstanding high school player. Soon after, Tom was selected by the Montreal Canadiens 16th overall in the 1985 NHL Entry Draft.
After being drafted, Chorske played two seasons of NCAA hockey at the University of Minnesota followed by a year playing with the 1987–88 US National Team preparing for the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary. Unfortunately, Chorske was the last player cut from the team as they headed to Calgary for the Olympics. Tom returned to the University of Minnesota for the 1988–89 season and was instrumental in the team's success that year.
In 1989–90, Chorske played 14 games with the Montreal Canadiens, scoring three goals and an assist. After another season in Montreal, he joined the New Jersey Devils, playing 76 games in 1991–92, scoring 19 goals and 36 points. In 1993–94, he had his finest offensive year, scoring 21 goals and 41 points but it was the following season which was by far the most satisfying for Chorske, his teammates and fans of the Devils. After several years of being near the top of the NHL, the Devils finally put it all together in the spring of 1995, defeating the Detroit Red Wings in four straight games to claim the Stanley Cup.
In 1995–96, Chorske joined the Ottawa Senators where he played for two seasons and helped them make their first modern era playoff appearance in 1997. He then headed to New York to suit up for the Islanders where he scored 35 points, including 4 short-handed tallies. During the 1998–99 season, he was sent to the Washington Capitals but had abdominal surgery and was limited to 17 games before finally ending up in Calgary at the trading deadline. In 1999–2000, Chorske played 33 games with the Pittsburgh Penguins, his final stop in the NHL. In 2000–01, he appeared in 78 games for the Houston Aeros of the now defunct International Hockey League, scoring 27 goals and 52 points.
Chorske's NHL totals were 596 games, 115 goals, 122 assists, for 237 points. Overall, he played in 733 professional games.
Named to his high school all-conference first team in 1984–85.
Competed in 1985 U.S. National Sports Festival in Baton Rouge, La.
Played on first U.S. team to win a medal at World Junior Championships when he won the bronze medal in 1986.
Tied for Minnesota (WCHA) lead with 49 points and was All-WCHA First Team in 1988–89.
Was on Montreal team that joined Minnesota to compete in the 1990 NHL Friendship Tour in Soviet Union.
1989–90: Played on AHL regular-season champions (Sherbrooke).
Played in Italy during 1994–95 NHL lockout.
1985–86 University of Minnesota NCAA 39 6 4 10 16 -- -- -- -- --
1986–87 University of Minnesota NCAA 47 20 22 42 20 -- -- -- -- --
1989–90 Sherbrooke Canadiens AHL 59 22 24 46 54 12 4 4 8 8
1989–90 Montreal Canadiens NHL 14 3 1 4 2 -- -- -- -- --
1990–91 Montreal Canadiens NHL 57 9 11 20 32 -- -- -- -- --
1991–92 New Jersey Devils NHL 76 19 17 36 32 7 0 3 3 4
1992–93 Utica Devils AHL 6 1 4 5 2 -- -- -- -- --
1992–93 New Jersey Devils NHL 50 7 12 19 25 1 0 0 0 0
1993–94 New Jersey Devils NHL 76 21 20 41 32 20 4 3 7 0
1994–95 New Jersey Devils NHL 42 10 8 18 16 17 1 5 6 4
1994–95 Milan Italy 7 11 5 16 6 -- -- -- -- --
1995–96 Ottawa Senators NHL 72 15 14 29 21 -- -- -- -- --
1996–97 Ottawa Senators NHL 68 18 8 26 16 5 0 1 1 2
1997–98 New York Islanders NHL 82 12 23 35 39 -- -- -- -- --
1998–99 New York Islanders NHL 2 0 1 1 2 -- -- -- -- --
1998–99 Washington Capitals NHL 17 0 2 2 4 -- -- -- -- --
1998–99 Calgary Flames NHL 7 0 0 0 2 -- -- -- -- --
1999–00 Pittsburgh Penguins NHL 33 1 5 6 2 -- -- -- -- --
2000–01 Houston Aeros IHL 78 27 25 52 36 7 3 2 5 4
NCAA totals
Tom Chorske's career stats at The Internet Hockey Database
Montreal Canadiens first-round draft picks
Monahan • Chagnon • Bouchard • Myre • McCann • Plasse • Houle • Tardif • Martyniuk • Lefley • Lafleur • Arnason • Wilson • Shutt • Larocque • Gardner • Van Boxmeer • Gainey • Connor • Risebrough • Chartraw • Tremblay • McTavish • Sadler • Mondou • Lee • Schutt • Baker • Napier • Dupont • Geoffrion • D. Hunter • Wickenheiser • M. Hunter • Delorme • Ingman • Heroux • Turcotte • Svoboda • Corson • Charbonneau • Chorske • Pederson • Cassels • Charron • Vallis • Stevenson • Bilodeau • Wilkie • Koivu • Brown • Ryan • M. Higgins • Ward • Chouinard • Hainsey • Hossa • Komisarek • Perezhogin • C. Higgins • A. Kostitsyn • Chipchura • Price • Fischer • McDonagh • Pacioretty • Leblanc • Tinordi
This page uses content from Wikipedia. The original article was at Tom Chorske. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with Ice Hockey Wiki, the text of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike License 3.0 (Unported) (CC-BY-SA).
Retrieved from "https://icehockey.fandom.com/wiki/Tom_Chorske?oldid=269028"


Date Added: 12/06/2015 by C***a V.
The seller processed & shipped the necklace fast. It arrived in just a few days. The necklace is beautiful & as described in the listing. Worth the price and good quality. Recommend both necklace & doing business with seller. I am very happy with product & service!
Date Added: 09/17/2015 by C***a I.


text:
EU and Sweden pledge funds for fish fraud fight
Phil Taylor, 19-Sep-2018
The EU and Sweden have agreed to contribute €45m ($52m) to a project that aims to help protect marine biodiversity in the Pacific – and crack down on illegal activities such as fish 'laundering'.
The Pacific-European Union Marine Partnership Programme (PEUMP) – backed with €35m from the EU and €10m from Sweden's government – will try to help regional organisations tackle issues like unsustainable fishing, the impact of climate change and exploitation of people working in the sector.
It's also planning to crack down on fraudulent behaviour like laundering. That involves a process called transhipment, in which large cargo ships with legitimate fishing permits taken catches from smaller, illegal fishing vessels to bypass controls, according to a report from the Organised Crime and Corruption Reporting Project (OCCRP).
Pacific governments and non-governmental organizations have been pushing for a ban on transhipment at sea, which is a particular problem in the tuna industry.
According to the Pacific Islands Forum Fisheries Agency (FFA), transhipment at sea is most prevalent in distant water longline fisheries, enabling vessels to offload catch to a refrigerated carrier (reefer) or another fishing vessel at sea, either within exclusive economic zones (EEZs) or more commonly, the high seas.
"The rationale for doing so is to save fuel and maximise fishing time by not having to return to port for as long as around 18 months," it says, but that makes monitoring and law enforcement challenging as it rests largely with flag states, a number of which are 'flags of convenience' with limited connection or control over the vessels.
"Opportunities arise for vessels to engage in illegal activities including laundering of [illegal, unreported and unregulated] catch, human trafficking, abuse of crew and smuggling of illegal goods such as weapons and drugs."
Canada needs EU style traceability laws to fight fish fraud
Food fraud: news in brief
EU enforcers clamp down on sushi-driven glass eel smuggling
Canada's new food traceability rules 'don't go far enough'
Operation Opson nabs 3,600 tonnes of dodgy food
Fish traceability systems needed to fight fraud


text:
Martin Hosking	CEO and co-founder, Redbubble
Martin is one of the original founders of Redbubble and currently serves as Chief Executive Officer. A creative writer at heart, he started the company in 2006 after he identified a market opportunity for artists to share their creative work with the world in an online marketplace. Martin's mission is to make authentic art and design available to everyone, creating a global platform for artists and designers to sell their work more easily and more often. Under Martin's leadership, Redbubble has become one of the world's largest and most diverse online marketplaces, selling work from over 225,000 artists printed on t-shirts, hoodies, canvas prints, posters, stickers, iPhone cases and more. He has in-depth knowledge of the Internet and e-commerce and a love of art. Martin has spent the last six years growing RB globally, crafting the vision and charting the future. Based in Melbourne, Australia, Martin has over 15 years of international management experience with high-growth technology companies. He started his career as a diplomat in Egypt and Syria before joining McKinsey & Company, a global management consulting firm serving clients focusing on emerging technologies. He received his Master's in Business Administration from the University of Melbourne. Martin's personal interests include writing poems and prose as well as plumbing, welding, home electrics and the general tasks required to keep his small farm in the hills working. His favorite artists on Redbubble include GloveBox, Mel Brackstone, Paul Vanzella, Karin Taylor, Puddin Don't, Chris Wahl, thickblackoutline and Paul Villani.


E-commerce Web Designing is the foundation of your online retail business and we understand the importance of utilizing the latest technology to increase your profitability. E-commerce web designing consumers have become accustomed to a particular way of shopping, a large part of why more than half of them begin their online product search on those platforms. E-commerce web has must be also shopping destinations providing unique online experiences unparalleled by competitors or the industry at large. Our e-Commerce solutions offer the best in standard features and functionality while remaining completely customization. Our team will discuss your custom functionality needs and tailor a solution that matches your online brand and e-Commerce goals.
E-commerce designs sites to enhance functionality, improve user experience and capitalize on up-sell opportunities. The best e-commerce website on the internet, enhancing your brand and digital presence while giving your customers an easy way to access the products they need. E-commerce Web Design has become a competitive affair among enterprises to introduce innovative E-commerce web design and development strategies with features that blur the line between online and offline retail. This understands that there are several factors that contribute to the success of a consumer-friendly, e-commerce websites. E-commerce integrate important element to enhance the site's interaction with the user through chatbots and other virtual assistants, which help to personalize the buying experience.


Let Appliance Repair Spokane fix your broken appliance. We are here to serve the entire Spokane, Washington area with fast and quality service. Whether you have a broken stove, broken dryer or a broken microwave, call us up to see what we can do for you.
We offer repair services Monday thru Friday 8am to 6pm. We also offer emergency repair services on the weekends and for commercial appliances.


We possess the technology and expertise when it comes to barrel plating which can cater to a variety of industries ranging from aerospace to automotive and consumer durables for a wide range of precious metals like gold, and silver; and non-precious metals such as tin, nickel and more. We also have the capabilities to work with metal alloys such as palladium-nickel, tin-lead, and other similar ones. With a global presence that spans all continents and geographies; wherever you are located, you are probably not too far away from Eigen.
Barrel plating is a technique that is used for plating small components that are otherwise difficult to plate. In this method, the parts are tumbled slowly in a barrel-shaped cage made from a non-conducting material, which is in turn submerged in a talk containing the electrolyte. Flexible metal wires are used to make cathodic contact with the tiny parts immersed in the electrolyte. There are stationary anodes that line the inside of the tank surrounding the barrel and the parts placed within it.
We can set up an automated barrel plating assembly designed to your specifications to suit your requirements, or you can use our electro-less nickel plating services with an auto-catalytic plating technique to deposit a layer of nickel alloy on a metal or non-metal workpiece.
We are also at the forefront of new plating techniques that use lead-free whiskers and an in-line reflow, which are both state-of-the-art as well as environmentally friendly plating implementations.
Quality is paramount here at Eigen, and we make sure that all metal services we offer our customers are of the best and highest quality and meet all the required quality standards. Our quality control laboratories are equipped with state-of-the-art testing instruments such as X-ray fluoroscope to measure thickness, video microscopes for minute yet accurate visuals, steam aging, cross-sectioning equipment, salt spray test equipment, metallurgical microscopes, and more to assure consistent high-quality plating from our end.
Our plating techniques can be applied to metal products that were both stamped or formed. These techniques can also be used on slip stock. We can deliver the finished electroplated metals in the form of pancake coils and spools, wound transversely.


After a six-week vacation from the podwaves, Steve and J.C. return with a new StoryForward episode! In it, Steve regales us with tales of transmedia triumph in Colombia, and J.C. teases one of his transmedia projects that'll debut next month. This week, StoryForward also speaks with David G. Wilson, Vice President of Global Business Strategy at EON Productions (the production company behind the James Bond film & entertainment franchise) and co-founder of SEAM, a new website designed to foster creator collaboration. In our chat, David shares his passion for storytelling, and discusses some of the practical advice presented in SEAM's new ebook, Story Design.
After the interview, Steve and J.C. return to share some stories about Steve's humorous "insta-ARG," World Without Helium.


"I didn't know if I would really make any money doing this. I just knew I wanted to be excited when I woke up every day for work."
Grafting business and passion together to achieve fulfillment and satisfaction—while still paying the bills—seems a natural goal for small business owners. Troy Dorn, owner of Gorilla Mad Film Wraps, has done just that with his Redmond, Washington–based business. Troy's affinity for drawing started when he was only 2 years old, and from there, his lust for creativity only grew. Fast-forward a bunch of years, and his passion—combined with hard work, dedication, and an expectation of success—grew into a business. Not only is he the owner, but he is also the sole installer, doing every wrap from start to finish. The only other person working with him at this time is his sales associate.
Troy has wrapped cars, trucks, boats, trailers, buses, and airplanes. However, vehicle wraps are not the be-all and end-all of Troy's business. Other services include commercial graphics, signs, banners, stickers, decals, paint protection, window tint, and all sorts of creative vinyl solutions for businesses. Not bad for a ground-up business that started with a 99-cent razor blade from Home Depot and a $4 squeegee from eBay.
While the end product looks clean, natural, and almost simplistic, wrapping a vehicle is no small task. After all, it isn't your typical lick-'n'-stick venture. From vision to completion, the process requires a lot: a mastery of design to create the graphics, mechanical skill to disassemble and reassemble exterior pieces, and patience to systematically prep and apply the wrap. The end result, exemplified through this urban camo'd Ford Raptor, is well worth it.


text:
Q: Unable to start Apache and MySQL servers in Windows I am getting some issue with the installation of xampp in windows. Actually I have skype and team viewer installed in my laptop. I have uninstalled team viewer and in skype I have checked off the "use port 80 and 443 for additional incoming connections" Still I am getting this problem. which is
5:07:24 PM  [Apache]    Attempting to start Apache service...
5:07:32 PM  [mysql]     Problem detected!
5:07:32 PM  [mysql]     Port 3306 in use by ""C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\bin\mysqld" --defaults-file="C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\my.ini" MySQL"!
5:07:32 PM  [mysql]     MySQL WILL NOT start without the configured ports free!
5:07:32 PM  [mysql]     You need to uninstall/disable/reconfigure the blocking application
5:07:32 PM  [mysql]     or reconfigure MySQL and the Control Panel to listen on a different port
5:07:32 PM  [mysql]     Attempting to start MySQL service...

Both MySql and Apache are not starting. Pls help me with this.
Thanks in advance. :)

A: As the error says: you are running MYSQL from C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\bin\mysqld
You can go Windows logo > type services.msc > Search for Mysql Service and stop it. (left pannel "Stop")

NOTE: If you are going to use XAMPP, you should remove any previous installation of apache, php and/or mysql


text:
Ali Sabieh Region (, ) is a region in southern Djibouti. With a mainland area of 2,400 square kilometres (900 sq mi), it lies along the national border with Somaliland and Ethiopia, bordering also the Dikhil Region to the west and the Arta Region to the north. Its capital is Ali Sabieh. The Arrei Mountains are the highest point in the region.

History

Nomadic life in the Ali Sabieh Region dates back at least 2,000 years. During the Middle Ages, the Ali Sabieh Region was ruled by the Ifat Sultanate and the Adal Sultanate. It later formed a part of the French Somaliland protectorate in the first half of the 20th century. Considered the border with Ethiopia, the area had few permanent settlements at the turn of the 20th century. In 1904, a report notes that "when the border post of Ali Sabieh, it has the appearance of a fortress. Attached to the circle of "Gobad-Dikkil" from its inception in 1931, Ali Sabieh became the chief town of a circle autonomously 1939. It was briefly attached to the circle of Djibouti between 1946 and 1949. It is managed by the commander of the circle Dikhil between 1952 and 1958, before finally receive its own administration.

Overview

The region borders Arta Region to the north, the Dikhil Region to the west, and the nation of Somalia-(Somaliland) to the east, and the nation of Ethiopia to the south. Largely arid, the Ali Sabieh Region is noted for its bare plains of Grand Bara and its large Mountains. The Ali Sabieh region has old forts all round the region build by the French Army in the 20th century. The inhabitants of the Ali Sabieh region belong mainly to the people of Issa Somali clan. In 1963 during the first Somali-Ethiopian war a terrible massacre was perpetrated by the Ethiopian soldiers in Aysha, mainly populated by Issa Somali. Among the latter, those who succeeded in fleeing arrived at Dikhil and Ali-Sabieh. At Ali-Sabieh, the colonial administration installed them in a new area. In 1977: during the Ogaden War between Somalia and Ethiopia, a second wave of populations fleeing hostilities took refuge in Ali Sabieh. In 1984, A severe drought that struck the Aysha and Hadagalah regions and decimated thousands of people and hundreds of thousands of sheep and cattle caused a human flood, particularly towards Ali Sabieh. In 1991 during the Somali Civil War a fourth wave of populations came to take refuge in Ali Sabieh and also in Ali Adde and Holhol. The local commercial sector is centered on construction (cement) and storage of goods in transit to Ethiopia. Towns in the region have experienced significant growth with the increasing industrialization. The area has also seen some investment.

Geography

Ali Sabieh is the fourth largest Region in the country. It contains around 16.5% of the nation's landmass. In total area, it is larger than Mauritius and smaller than Samoa. The Arta lies to the north, and Dikhil to the west. Ali Sabieh Region also shares a border with the Somali Region of Ethiopia to the south, and the Awdal of Somalia to the east. Ali Sabieh's highest point is Arrei, which has an elevation of 4,268 ft (1,301 m). Other mountain ranges in the Region include the Boura Mountains, the Arrei Mountains, the Rahle Godle, and the Dagouein Mountain. Ali Sabieh Region has an extraordinarily diverse geography. The western half of the region is part of the coastal plain and has an exceedingly hot, humid and arid climate. The eastern half, however, is very mountainous, with the major peak being 1,301 m (4,268 ft) Arrei Mountain, near Guelile. These mountains trap the moisture created by an upper-level wind reversal between May and October, so that in the eastern half of the region annual rainfall increases from 150 millimetres in the foothills to probably more than 270 millimetres. The main wadis that cross are the wadis Dey Dey, Holl-Holl, Beye-Adey, Danan and Guestir. The Region of Ali Sabieh has 52 mountain summits with 3,000 feet (914 m) of prominence.

Economy

Activities oriented towards animal production (goat and dromedary farming) and agriculture in irrigated perimeters characterize the economy of the region. There is also the practice of small business and other informal activities. The proximity of the Ethiopian border, the railway activities linking Djibouti to Ethiopia, the storage of goods in transit to Ethiopia and the use of building materials (Ali Sabieh Cement) have made the city of Ali Sabieh a place for exchanges of cross flows. Its prospects for development are characterized by cross-border commercial dynamics and a process of industrialization. The entire region has been significantly affected by caravan activities to and from Ethiopia. The capital city concentrates almost all of the factors driving the economy. This is where all civil servants and other agents work in the decentralized departments of ministries, in public institutions. Most of the small business units (shops, grocery stores, taxis and internetcafes) are located in the city of Ali Sabieh.

Towns

References

Regions of Djibouti


text:
Tshwane Insulin Project (TIP)
About the Tshwane Insulin Project (TIP)
TIP Initiatives
Diabetes Publication
World Diabetes Day: UP insulin project acknowledges crucial role of nurses in managing the disease
Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. In 2019, the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) reported a diabetes prevalence of 12.8% in South African adults (20-79 years), but cautioned that this estimate is less likely to be a true reflection of the reality because diabetes in Africa remains largely undiagnosed. The growing diabetes epidemic in South Africa, especially of type 2 diabetes, is related to an increasing urbanisation and rising behavioural risk factors such as unhealthy diet and physical inactivity. South Africa has the highest levels of diabetes-related mortality on the African continent. In 2019, 89 800 of the 366 200 diabetes-related deaths in Africa occurred in South Africa. Most of these deaths (73.1%) occurred in the economically productive age group, i.e. people under 60 years old.
World Diabetes Day (WDD) was created in 1991 by the IDF and the World Health Organization (WHO) in response to growing concerns about the escalating health threat posed by diabetes. In 2006, WDD became an official United Nations Day. It is marked every year on 14 November, the birthday of Sir Frederick Banting, who co-discovered insulin along with Charles Best in 1922. WDD is a large diabetes awareness campaign reaching a global audience of over 1 billion people in more than 160 countries. The campaign draws attention to issues of importance related to diabetes and keeps diabetes firmly in the public and political spotlight. The campaign is represented by a blue circle logo that was adopted in 2007.
Every year, the World Diabetes Day campaign focuses on a dedicated theme that runs for one or more years. The theme for World Diabetes Day 2020 is The Nurse and Diabetes. The aim of the campaign is to raise awareness around the crucial role that nurses play in supporting people living with diabetes. As the number of people with diabetes continues to rise globally, the role of nurses and other health professional support staff (such as community health workers and health promoters) becomes increasingly important in managing the impact of the condition.
Traditionally, nurses play a key role in (1) diagnosing diabetes early to ensure prompt treatment; (2) providing self-management training and psychological support for people with diabetes to help prevent complications; (3) tackling the risk factors for type 2 diabetes to help prevent the condition. The IDF argues that with the right expertise, nurses can make the difference for people affected with diabetes. In South Africa, the overwhelming majority of patients are seen by nurses, especially in primary care. Nurses are often the first and sometimes only health professional that a person living with diabetes interacts with.
At the University of Pretoria, the crucial role of nurses in combatting the diabetes epidemic is already acknowledged. In 2018, the Faculty of Health Sciences launched the Tshwane Insulin Project (TIP), a 5-year translational research programme sponsored by the Lilly Global Health Partnership that brought together the School of Medicine (Internal Medicine, Family Medicine, and Physiology), the School of Health Systems and Public Health (SHSPH), the Schools of Health Care Sciences (Nursing Science, Human Nutrition). UP researchers, led by Professor Paul Rheeder, developed and piloted a model of care adapted to the local environment to address the challenges of insulin initiation and titration in primary care for people with type 2 diabetes. Nurses were empowered to play a prominent role in identifying uncontrolled patients with type 2 diabetes who were already on maximum oral therapy; to counsel those patients for insulin therapy, to liaise with family physicians through a mobile app called Vula and to initiate those patients on insulin. In the pilot project, through mentoring, including simplified protocols and training, nurses in ten primary care facilities developed the skills and knowledge to identify patients with type 2 diabetes who need insulin, counsel those patients and initiate insulin therapy with the support of a doctor or family physician through a mobile app. The success of the pilot demonstrated that nurses in South Africa are ready, able and willing to once again make a difference in the lives of persons with diabetes under their care.
Two years into the implementation of TIP, UP researchers have identified various challenges in diabetes management as well as opportunities to improve the lives of people affected by diabetes in South Africa. Consequently, the University of Pretoria Diabetes Research Centre was created to find innovative solutions to those challenges through cutting-edge research, as well as transdisciplinary and interfaculty efforts. The vision of the Centre is to be a nationally and internationally recognised leader in diabetes translational research, ultimately aspiring to better the lives of people living with diabetes in South Africa and on the African continent.
Dr Patrick Ngassa Piotie is Project Manager of the Tshwane Insulin Project and PhD Candidate at the School of Health Systems and Public Health.
World Diabetes Day is observed annually on 14 November.
- Author Dr Patrick Ngassa Piotie
Published by Hlengiwe Mnguni
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