How do CVBs and DMOs calculate the total value of hosting a certain meeting? By focusing on those factors you can't count, such as prestige, reputation, and public image, as much as those you can.
'Economic impact' has never had so many components.
Compared with some of the multimillion-dollar events that Albuquerque was bidding on last year, the 300-attendee, three-night meeting was simply 'medium-sized' – but Dale Lockett, president and CEO of the Albuquerque Convention & Visitors Bureau, couldn't have been more excited.
This was no ordinary business conference, it was Boyd Group's 16th Annual International Aviation Forecast Summit. Airline executives, industry leaders, and the press would be flying in from across the world to discuss the latest economic projections and market data.
The possibilities for meeting professionals to activate, lobby, and educate stakeholders are endless.
"Priceless" meetings are a difficult concept to communicate during city budget reviews. It may not be possible to quantify the benefits of national press coverage and future business opportunities, but for Lockett, it was important to articulate the total impact of the aviation summit on the city.
It's especially challenging when you realize that while meetings and conventions are big business – worth more than $260 billion a year, according to the Convention Industry Council's (CIC) landmark Economic Significance of Meetings to the U.S. Economy study released last year – the value they bring to a destination is more than just monetary. Yes, with the right metrics, a CVB or DMO can show city officials exactly how raising hotel taxes affects sales at the local convention center. Or how a high-profile trade show can generate the equivalent of millions of dollars in advertising for local hotels and attractions with a relatively small direct spend. The possibilities for meeting professionals to activate, lobby, and educate stakeholders are endless, said Gregg Talley, CAE, chief strategy officer for CIC and president and CEO of Talley Management Group, as long as you have the right data.
But many events – such as Albuquerque's aviation summit – have a value that goes beyond direct economic impact, with opportunities that can't be quantified by any tool. They are, to use Lockett's word, priceless. Pittsburgh, for example, had a chance to show off its transformation from blue-collar steel capital into a thriving, eco-friendly metropolis when the city hosted the G-20 Summit of world leaders in 2009. The media coverage alone was worth at least $100 million to the city, according to Craig Davis, president and CEO of VisitPittsburgh. "We were able to say, 'If Pittsburgh is good enough for the leaders of the free world to meet in, then it's certainly good enough for your meeting,' " Davis said. That strategy worked. Pittsburgh has already booked at least five major events as a direct result of the G-20, Davis said, including a gathering of global leaders for the United Nations' World Environment Day in April 2011.
Charlotte, N.C., hopes to see a similar boost in future bookings after it hosts the 2012 Democratic National Convention, which will bring more than 30,000 delegates and 15,000 members of the media to town this September. Hosting an event of this magnitude and prestige shows that the Queen City can confidently handle citywide events with ease, according to Mike Butts, executive director of Visit Charlotte.
There's also the question of the ultimate intangible: reputation. How a destination is perceived – in terms of hospitality, friendliness, business and cultural relevance, prominence, physical attractiveness, and any number of other subjective measures. It's difficult to calculate the value of a good reputation and even more difficult to buy one, because a good reputation is a tapestry of many different interwoven threads – and it's not always apparent where each one is coming from. But that's not to say a destination can't earn a good reputation.Indeed, Cincinnati has found that some of the best returns on the multicultural events it hosts have nothing to do with money. Instead, these events are helping overcome a negative image that was set in April 2001, when racial tensions sparked a four-day riot in city streets. Cincinnati's attraction as a meeting destination for minority and multicultural groups was devastated by images of looting and unrest. The solution was Operation Hospitality, a campaign launched by the mayor's office to win back convention business by involving local stakeholders such as the Chamber of Commerce, the chief of police, and community groups and associations.
Branson, Mo., has its own image problem to deal with, but for vastly different reasons. The city is the self-proclaimed "Live Entertainment Capital of the World," with more theater seats than Broadway, according to Bill Tirone, CMP, CEM, assistant general manager of the Hiltons of Branson complex, which includes the Branson Convention Center, the 290-room Hilton Branson Convention Hotel, and the 242-room Hilton Promenade at Branson Landing. From the 1950s onward, bus tours and military reunions contributed to most of the demand, Tirone said, but both segments have shown significant declines over the last four or five years as a new generation of travelers has entered the market.
The survey showed that meeting and convention attendees contribute nearly $16 million annually to the local economy, and that 25 percent of them spend money at attractions and businesses outside the convention-center area. Last year, the center booked nearly 100 more event days than expected, Tirone said, and is "two to three good corporate-type meetings or conventions away from breaking even" – two to five years ahead of schedule.
The survey showed that meeting and convention attendees contribute nearly $16 million annually to the local economy, and that 25 percent of them spend money at attractions and businesses outside the convention-center area.
Because even when you're talking about intangibles that are beyond dollar-based value, in the end you're still talking about money. A positive image attracts some serious capital investment – as Albuquerque recently learned. While the city's aviation leaders had attended the Boyd Aviation summit before, they'd never participated as hosts. It made a world of difference. And with airlines having suffered in the economic downturn, the timing " couldn't have been more perfect," said Jim Hinde, director of the City of Albuquerque Aviation Department, to show off the city's aviation history and New Mexico's future as a commercial spaceport.
As the country and the world continue their slow emergence from recession, CVB and DMO leaders will need to continue identifying different economic opportunities and fight for every line item of funding – which is where bottom-line, dollar-driven value truly becomes part of the equation. Even in good economic times, the importance of articulating and quantifying the overall impact of meetings and conventions to local stakeholders remains constant.
For years, Denver measured the value of its meetings and events by the size of the room blocks they generated, according to Rachel Benedick, vice president of sales and services for Visit Denver. But as Internet deals flourished, attendees increasingly began booking rooms outside contracted hotels, and businesses would report strong sales without linking the increase to convention attendees. Something had to be done, Visit Denver realized, to connect the dots between meetings and the local economy.
Since moving to Boston in 2010, the PAX East gaming conference has become the second-biggest convention the city hosts. And this past February, PAX East extended its contract with the Massachusetts Convention Center Authority (MCCA) through 2023, which will keep the conference at the Boston Convention & Exhibition Center for at least 11 more years.
Even a quick back-of-the-napkin calculation – multiplying PAX East's annual 70,000 attendees, times two to three room-nights per year, times 11 years – shows that the contract will bring millions of dollars, if not billions, to Boston's meetings and hospitality industry. Organizers project that PAX East attendance will reach 100,000 over the next decade, making the deal even sweeter.
But the traditional way of measuring the impact of an event – in terms of its economic effect on the hospitality industry – just "gets at the tip of the iceberg," said James Rooney, MCCA's executive director. The impact of an event like PAX East, he said, is much broader, not just in terms of commerce, but in the transfer of knowledge between conference participants and the community. Hosting events such as PAX East can and should be part of a larger economic-development strategy.
PAX East is a good fit for Boston in more ways than just room-night capacity. The Boston area, home to premier academic institutions including Harvard University and MIT, is known for intellect and innovation. "If you look at the industries that we do most of our business in," Rooney said, "it's the knowledge-based industries." The $65-billion global video-game industry fits that description, attracting technology companies, game developers, and venture capitalists, as well as gaming enthusiasts.
PAX East's long-term commitment helps to secure Boston's reputation as a hotbed for video-game innovation, Rooney said. And in what appears to be an industry first, the contract made the tie between the gaming conference and Boston's knowledge base explicit, by including an annual $25,000 donation from PAX East to the Massachusetts Digital Games Institute (MassDIGI), based at Becker College.
Learn more about DMAI's Event Impact Calculator.
Corrie Dosh was formerly a contributing editor of Convene.


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Q: How does #include  work in C++? I have read from a codeforces blog that if we add #include <bits/stdc++.h> in a C++ program then there is no need to include any other header files. How does #include <bits/stdc++.h> work and is it ok to use it instead of including individual header files?

A: #include <bits/stdc++.h> is an implementation file for a precompiled header.
From a software engineering perspective, it is a good idea to minimize the include. If you use <bits/stdc++.h> it actually includes a lot of files, which your program may not need, thus increase both compile-time and program size unnecessarily. [edit: as pointed out by @Swordfish in the comments that the output program size remains unaffected. But still, it's good practice to include only the libraries you actually need, unless it's some competitive competition ]
But in contests, using this file is a good idea, when you want to reduce the time wasted in doing chores; especially when your rank is time-sensitive.
It works in most online judges, programming contest environments, including ACM-ICPC (Sub-Regionals, Regionals, and World Finals) and many online judges.
The disadvantages of it are that it:

*

*increases the compilation time.

*uses an internal non-standard header file of the GNU C++ library, and so will not compile in MSVC, XCode, and many other compilers

A: Unfortunately that approach is not portable C++ (so far).
All standard names are in namespace std and moreover you cannot know which names are NOT defined by including and header (in other words it's perfectly legal for an implementation to declare the name std::string directly or indirectly when using #include <vector>).
Despite this however you are required by the language to know and tell the compiler which standard header includes which part of the standard library. This is a source of portability bugs because if you forget for example #include <map> but use std::map it's possible that the program compiles anyway silently and without warnings on a specific version of a specific compiler, and you may get errors only later when porting to another compiler or version.
In my opinion there are no valid technical excuses that explain why this is necessary for the general user: the compiler binary could have all standard namespace built in and this could actually increase the performance even more than precompiled headers (e.g. using perfect hashing for lookups, removing standard headers parsing or loading/demarshalling and so on).
The use of standard headers simplifies the life of who builds compilers or standard libraries and that's all. It's not something to help users.
However this is the way the language is defined and you need to know which header defines which names so plan for some extra neurons to be burnt in pointless configurations to remember that (or try to find and IDE that automatically adds the standard headers you use and removes the ones you don't... a reasonable alternative).

A: That header file is not part of the C++ standard, is therefore non-portable, and should be avoided.
Moreover, even if there were some catch-all header in the standard, you would want to avoid it in lieu of specific headers, since the compiler has to actually read in and parse every included header (including recursively included headers) every single time that translation unit is compiled.

A: It is basically a header file that also includes every standard library and STL include file. The only purpose I can see for it would be for testing and education.
Se e.g. GCC 4.8.0 /bits/stdc++.h source.
Using it would include a lot of unnecessary stuff and increases compilation time.
Edit: As Neil says, it's an implementation for precompiled headers. If you set it up for precompilation correctly it could, in fact, speed up compilation time depending on your project. (https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Precompiled-Headers.html)
I would, however, suggest that you take time to learn about each of the sl/stl headers and include them separately instead, and not use "super headers" except for precompilation purposes.

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Search Records by Subject: SHIEL, MATTHEW PHIPPS
A Primate of Pure Prose (With: The Short Stories of M. P. Shiel: A Chronological Listing)
Barrett, Mike
in: Shiel in Diverse Hands: A Collection of Essays. Cleveland, OH: Reynolds Morse Foundation, 1983. pp.133-143.
Subjects: SHIEL, MATTHEW PHIPPS
A Prolegomenon (Introduction to The Lord of the Sea, 1924)
in: Shiel in Diverse Hands: A Collection of Essays. Cleveland, OH: Reynolds Morse Foundation, 1983. pp.15-21.
A Reluctant Monarch
Wynne-Tyson, Jon
Algebraic Fantasies and Realistic Romances: More Masters of Science Fiction
Stableford, Brian M.
San Bernardino, CA: Borgo Press, 1995 128pp.
Subjects: ADAMS, DOUGLAS; DONALDSON, STEPHEN R.; FAWCETT, EDGAR; GLOAG, JOHN; JACKSON, MICHAEL; SHAW, BOB; SHIEL, MATTHEW PHIPPS
An Uncrowned Lord of Language (1924)
Tytheridge, Alan
in: Shiel in Diverse Hands: A Collection of Essays. Cleveland, OH: Reynolds Morse Foundation, 1983. pp.1-14.
Construction of Race and the Representation of Ethnic Difference in American and British Science Fiction, The.
Martinez, Javier A.
Ph. D. Dissertation, Ohio State University, 1998. 351pp. (DAI-A 59(5): 1566. Nov. 1998.)
Subjects: ANDERSON, POUL; BRADBURY, RAY; BUTLER, OCTAVIA E.; DELANY, SAMUEL R.; DOONER, PIERTON; ETHNICITY; EUGENICS; FUTURE WAR; GERNSBACK, HUGO; GODWIN, TOM; GOMEZ, JEWELLE; GREAT BRITAIN; GRIFFITH, GEORGE; HAGGARD, H. RIDER; HEINLEIN, ROBERT A.; HISTORY OF SF AND FANTASY;
Dancing on a Volcano: Subverting Catastrophe in M .P. Shiel's The Purple Cloud.
Linthicum, Kent
Nineteenth-Century Context 40(2): 149-163. May 2018
Subjects: PURPLE CLOUD, THE (NOVEL); SHIEL, MATTHEW PHIPPS
Early Apocalyptic Novel, The: Dissolving Space Between the Human and the Natural.
Kaplan, James
Master's Thesis, University of Colorado at Boulder, 2022. 74 p. (MAI 83(12)(E).)
Subjects: AFTER LONDON, OR WILD ENGLAND (NOVEL); APOCALYPSE; CIVILIZATION; GREAT BRITAIN; JEFFERIES, RICHARD; LAST MAN, THE (SHELLEY) (NOVEL); NATURE; PURPLE CLOUD, THE (NOVEL); SHELLEY, MARY; SHIEL, MATTHEW PHIPPS; SUPERNATURAL
From Decadence to Racial Antagonism: M. P. Shiel at the Turn of the Century
Svitavsky, William L.
Science Fiction Studies 31(1): 1-24. March 2004.
Subjects: RACE; RACISM; SHIEL, MATTHEW PHIPPS
From Holocene to Anthropocene and Back Again: A Deep Ecological Critique of Three Apocalyptic Eco-Narratives in the Long Nineteenth Century.
Lovelle, Taylor P.
Master's Thesis, University of Colorado at Boulder, 2018. 80 p.
Subjects: AFTER LONDON, OR WILD ENGLAND (NOVEL); APOCALYPSE; ECOLOGY; JEFFERIES, RICHARD; LAST MAN, THE (SHELLEY) (NOVEL); PURPLE CLOUD, THE (NOVEL); SHELLEY, MARY; SHIEL, MATTHEW PHIPPS
Gleanings,
Smith, Louis C.
The Fantasy Fan 2(6): 82-84. February 1935. (Whole No. 18)
Hartwell, D. G.
in: Shiel, M. P. The Purple Cloud. Boston: Gregg, 1977. pp. v-xviii.
Introduction to The Purple Cloud
Hartwell, David G.
Jaunting on the Scoriac Tempests and Reeling Bullions of Hell: Shapes of the Fire,
Stableford, Brian
in: Stableford, Brian. Jaunting on the Scoriac Tempests and Other Essays on Fantastic Literature. s.l.: Borgo/Wildside, 2009. p. 13-21.
John Gawsworth...on M. P. Shiel: A Selection
Eng, Steve
Lord of Language, The: Matthew Phipps Shiel (1865-1947)
Lindner, Oliver
In: Petzold, Dieter, ed. Owen Barfield: Visions and Revisions: Internationales Symposium vom 19. bis 21. Mai 2006 in Leipzig. Band 24. (Inklings : Jahrbuch fur Literatur und Aesthetik, 24. Bd., 2006.) Moers: Brendow, 2006. p. 214-221.
M. P. Shiel
Bleiler, Everett F.
in: Bleiler, E. F., ed. Science Fiction Writers. New York: Scribners, 1982. pp. 31-37.
Bloom, Harold
in: Bloom, Harold, ed. Modern Fantasy Writers. New York: Chelsea House, 1995. pp.137-150.
Bleiler, E. F.
In: Bleiler, Richard, ed. Science Fiction Writers. Second Edition. New York: Scribner's, 1999. p. 697-704.
M. P. Shiel 1865-1947
M. P. Shiel and Arnold Bennett: Passing in Review
Andor, I. M.
Fantasy Commentator 5(4):280-282. Fall 1986.
Subjects: BENNETT, ARNOLD; SHIEL, MATTHEW PHIPPS
M. P. Shiel and Arthur Machen
Subjects: MACHEN, ARTHUR; SHIEL, MATTHEW PHIPPS
M. P. Shiel and Secret Societies
M. P. Shiel and the Love of Pubescent Girls: The Other Love That Dare Not Speak Its Name
MacLeod, Kirsten
English Literature in Transition, 1880-1920 51(4): 355-380. 2008.
M. P. Shiel in Diverse Hands
Morse, A. R.
Dayton, OH: J. D. S. Books, 1983. 491 p.
M. P. Shiel is EQMM.
No authors listed.
Fantasy Times No. 72:3. December 1, 1948.
M. P. Shiel the Author--Still Unknown
Morse, A. Reynolds
M. P. Shiel.
in: Bleiler, E. F., ed. Supernatural Fiction Writers. New York: Scribner's, 1985. pp.361-368.
M. P. Shiel: A Biography of His Early Years.
Billings, Harold
Austin, TX: Roger Beacham, 2005. 2001 p.
M. P. Shiel: Humorist?
in: Shiel in Diverse Hands: A Collection of Essays. Cleveland, OH: Reynolds Morse Foundation, 1983. pp.132.
M. P. Shiel: Right Royal Fantasist
M. P. Shiel: The Middle Years, 1897-1923.
Austin, TX: Roger Beacham, 2010. 384 p.
Madness, Unreliable Narration, and Genre in The Purple Cloud.
Morgan, Monique
Science Fiction Studies 36(2): 266-285. July 2009.
Man Abroad Chapter IX 'Henrygeorgia'
My Search for Elusive Shiel Material (With: Magazines Containing Works of M. P. Shiel)
Lofts, W. O. G.
New Atlantis: A Narrative History of Scientific Romance, Vol. 2, The Emergence of the Scientific Romance,
Holicong, PA : Wildside Press, 2016. 243 p.
Subjects: BERESFORD, JOHN DAVYS; CROMIE, ROBERT; DOYLE, ARTHUR CONAN; GRIFFITH, GEORGE; HINTON, C. H.; HISTORY OF SF AND FANTASY; HODGSON, WILLIAM HOPE; HYNE, C. J. CUTLIFFE; JANE, FRED T.; SCIENTIFIC ROMANCE; SHIEL, MATTHEW PHIPPS; WELLS, H. G.
New Atlantis: A Narrative History of Scientific Romance, Vol. 3, The Resurgence of the Scientific Romance.
Subjects: BELL, NEIL; BERESFORD, JOHN DAVYS; BURDEKIN, KATHARINE; CLOUSTION, J. STORER; GLOAG, JOHN; JAEGER, MURIEL; LEWIS, C. S.; MITCHELL, JAMES LESLIE; PHILLPOTTS, EDEN; SHIEL, MATTHEW PHIPPS; STAPLEDON, OLAF; WELLS, H. G.; WRIGHT, S. FOWLER
On Digging Shiel
Ferguson, Malcolm
On Printing
Shiel, M. P.
On Reading (First Version, 1909)
On Reading and Writing (Revised Version, 1950)
Politics of Evolution: Philosophical Themes in the Speculative Fiction of M. P. Shiel
Foundation 27: 35-60. February 1983.
Subjects: PHILOSOPHY; SHIEL, MATTHEW PHIPPS; THEMES
Posthuman Ecology and Immersive Materiality in M. P. Shiel's Purple Cloud
Pasquini, Robert
Victorian Review: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Victorian Studies 48(1): 91-106. Spring 2022.
Prince Zaleski and Count Stenbock
Foster, Stephen W.
Publications and Revisions of M. P. Shiel's The Purple Cloud
Squires, John D,
New York Review of Science Fiction 19(3): 13-15. November 2006. (No. 219)
Purple Cloud, The
in: Magill, Frank N., ed. Survey of Science Fiction Literature, Vol. 4. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Salem Press, 1979. pp. 1735-1738.
Rediscovering M. P. Shiel (1865-1947)
Squires, John D.
New York Review of Science Fiction No. 153: 12-16. May 2001.
Representing the World Instead of Reproducing It: M. P. Shiel's The Purple Cloud
Fumagalli, Maria C.
Ariel 33(1): 62-82. January 2002.
Romps with Ransom�s King: Fans, Collectors, Academics, and the M. P. Shiel Archives
English Studies in Canada 30(1): 117-136. March 2004.
Subjects: LIBRARY COLLECTIONS OF SF AND FANTASY; SHIEL, MATTHEW PHIPPS
Shapes and Sounds: The Short Fiction of M. P. Shiel
New York Review of Science Fiction 19(5): 1, 6-11. January 2007. (No. 221)

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Record Funding Available for Cleaner, Stronger Communities
Communities across British Columbia will be receiving record investments in critical projects to reduce pollution, increase health and expand opportunities in response to a changing climate.
The governments of Canada and British Columbia have committed a combined investment of as much as $134 million for the third intake of the CleanBC Communities Fund, bringing the total investment to date to more than $240 million for local projects that increase clean energy and energy efficiency in buildings, transportation and other community-owned infrastructure.
"Investments in clean, efficient energy help support climate action and a healthy environment, while making life more affordable for families. They also contribute to the building of stronger, more resilient communities," said Jonathan Wilkinson, federal Minister of Natural Resources, on behalf of Dominic LeBlanc, federal Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs, Infrastructure and Communities. "The Government of Canada is pleased to contribute $73 million toward the CleanBC Communities Fund and partner with B.C. to promote energy-efficient infrastructure, create high-quality jobs and ensure a cleaner, more resilient future for communities across the province."
The third intake will be open to projects that manage renewable energy, improve access to clean-energy transportation, improve energy efficiency of buildings or generate clean energy to reduce community reliance on fossil fuels.
"With communities across the province stepping up as leaders in the fight against climate change, our government is increasing supports to build a more resilient future for everyone," said George Heyman, B.C.'s Minister of Environment and Climate Change Strategy. "With more funding than ever before, we're backing clean community infrastructure that will benefit people, provide good jobs and address the climate crisis head on."
The third intake of the CleanBC Communities Fund will support actions in the CleanBC Roadmap to 2030 and add to previous rounds of funding. Applications for Round 3 funding opportunities open on Jan. 26 to local governments, Indigenous communities and not-for-profit and for-profit organizations. It also works to support initiatives outlined in the federal government's Healthy Environment and Healthy Economy climate action plan, contributing to the success of national climate goals.
"As we continue to face the impacts of climate change together, increasing the amount of funding for communities to continue innovating with clean infrastructure projects is absolutely the right thing to do," said Josie Osborne, Minister of Municipal Affairs. "Many local governments, Indigenous communities and organizations are leading the way on climate action with breakthrough initiatives that are reducing greenhouse gases and creating healthier, more sustainable communities."
The first round of program funding supported 16 community projects, including:
waste heat recovery systems for Vancouver's False Creek neighbourhood and Richmond's Oval Village community;
clean hydropower to reduce Nuxalk Nation's reliance on diesel;
electric vehicle charging network expansions across the province; and
energy-efficient building upgrades for aquatic centres in Kamloops and Prince George.
"The CleanBC Communities Fund supported the City of Kamloops with funding for significant energy-efficiency upgrades to the Canada Games Aquatic Centre, an important community resource," said Arjun Singh, member of B.C.'s Climate Solutions Council and City of Kamloops councillor. "This new round of funding is the largest offering yet from the provincial and federal governments and is an incredible opportunity for more communities to build better low-carbon infrastructure."
The CleanBC Roadmap to 2030 is B.C.'s plan to expand and accelerate climate action by building on the province's natural advantages – abundant and clean electricity, innovative technology and a highly skilled workforce. It sets a path for increased collaboration to build a British Columbia that works for everyone.
NB Power Seeks Public Input for Long-Term Energy Supply Plan
NB Power is seeking public input from New Brunswickers on their priorities regarding clean energy, affordability and customer options as the utility maps out its energy supply plan for the next 25 years…
Read More NB Power Seeks Public Input for Long-Term Energy Supply PlanContinue
Government of Canada Helping Remove Barriers to Training and Employment for Women
The COVID-19 pandemic has had significant impact on Canadian workers; but women have been disproportionately affected, and their economic recovery has been slower. The Government of Canada recognizes the importance of investing in new training and employment supports for women.
Read More Government of Canada Helping Remove Barriers to Training and Employment for WomenContinue
IVRY Technologies, an IDEAL INDUSTRIES company, Launches VR Platform to Train the Next Generation of Electrical Students
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) and the National Electrical Contractors Association (NECA), the United States is expected to have a shortage of electricians in the near future.
Read More IVRY Technologies, an IDEAL INDUSTRIES company, Launches VR Platform to Train the Next Generation of Electrical StudentsContinue
Nominate Someone for a Darryl Cruickshank Red Seal Industry Award
To recognize important contributions to the Red Seal program, the Canadian Council of Directors of Apprenticeship (CCDA) seeks nominations for The Darryl Cruickshank Red Seal Industry Award.
Read More Nominate Someone for a Darryl Cruickshank Red Seal Industry AwardContinue
E2 Inc Online Training: The Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Training Program
The Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Training Program (EVITP™) provides training and certification for the installation and maintenance of electric vehicle infrastructure such as EV supply stations and systems.
Read More E2 Inc Online Training: The Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Training ProgramContinue
Amendments Proposed to Bill C-275 on Income Deductions for Tradespeople
MP Scott Duvall has introduced an amendment to the Income Tax Act regarding travel expenses for tradespeople.
Read More Amendments Proposed to Bill C-275 on Income Deductions for TradespeopleContinue


1. Maybe the Chinese commentators are right. Maybe he is an alien (wàixīngrén 外星人), and that's why he swims so fast (he does have slightly webbed toes I'm told).
2. What a lot of work someone went to, translating ALL these people's names into hanzi characters (there are over 10,000 athletes at the Beijing games).
As the only major world language that refuses to use an alphabet, Chinese requires that every single foreign proper noun (names of people, countries, films, etc.) be crammed into one or more hanzi characters.
Sometimes they try to translate the meaning of the original name. I've heard from ever so many Chinese how proud they are of the translation of "Gone with the Wind" into a single character in Chinese: piāo 飘.
But most often, and this is certainly the case for these Olympics, names of people get pseudo-transliterated into Chinese based on the sound of the original name. Phelps is pronounced: "fēi ěr pǔ sī" and the characters that go along with that are supposedly 菲尔普斯. (For the record, I don't think that sounds very much like "Phelps").
1. What's the process for choosing the characters? The countries have all been done for a long time, but you've got to imagine a bunch of people's names came up for this session of the Olympics that no one had ever hanzified before (Hungarians, for example). There's got to be some governmental bureau dedicated solely to this sort of thing, right? Anyone know how it's done?
2. What about single letters? Is there a standard "pinyin" way of saying English letters? Some are obvious, like "A" is pronounced "ei1" in pinyin. But what about other letters that don't easily fit into the pinyin system? Like CJ Bruton. His Chinese name is "CJ·布鲁顿." What's the pinyin for THAT? Xī Jiē Bùlǔdùn?
They (whoever THEY are) didn't hanzi-fy the "CJ" part of his name. That means they're just going to pronounce it like "see jay" (in English), right? (Like CCTV, they alwasy say something that sounds like, "see see tee way.") Well, if they can learn to pronounce the "C" and "J" without having a hanzi-character holding their hand, why do they hanzify everything else? What are the pinyin-izations for the 26 letters of the alphabet? They've got to be codified somewhere, right? I think they're all first tone. Anyone?
As to which characters to be used, it is all arbitary at the very beginning, but in the end some are habitually used and become preferred thereafter.
Thanks for the comment. I'm wondering exactly HOW it's arbitrarily assigned at the beginning. How decides? Is it a process? Can I myself be the first one to pick some hanzi for a name that's never been hanzified and then everyone will use MY version?
Tom, when you say Chinese native speakers can tell from where in the world people come by their name, can you give some examples?
I'm guessing it's like Icelandic names ending in "son" or "dottir" (I guess that would be something like 森 and 都特). Thing is though, there seems to be a limited number of characters used for transliteration (斯, 普, 兰 etc), so I would have thought foreign names all end up looking similar?
There are in fact pinyinized names for the English letters. I don't have them here in my office but when I get home I can get them to you. I have them in a textbook.
My pet peeve is city names. Sometimes, for fun, when talking with Chinese speakers, I'll mention Peking, Shanghai (with a flat A) and Canton. If I get so much as a raised eyebrow, I ask them why they say "niu yue" instead of New York when they're speaking Chinese, or "san fan shi" instead of San Francisco, and so on. They have their own names for our cities, so why shouldn't we have our own names for theirs?
When I'm teaching English to Chinese students, I always say Chinese names in the fourth tone. This accomplishes two things, I think. First, it gets them used to hearing the names the way most westerners will say them, and second, it gets me used to those "Who is this idiot" stares.
I think the pronunciation of pinyin letters may vary from place to place, especially the vowels. In Guangxi, for example, "A" sounds like the English "I", or "ai".
What about the word "China" for that matter?
I looked all over my house and couldn't find it. I swear I saw it in my son's 1st grade textbook (he goes to a public primary school). I'll try calling his teacher tomorrow. I asked some kids in my class today (I run an English school) and *one* of them said they had heard of what I was talking about and learned about it in their Chinese composition class.
There are actually two things. One is something you can find in the back of any Chinese dictionary, but it's pre-pinyin (and therefore not really expressible in pinyin). The roman letters are given "names" in zhuyin fuhao (the Taiwanese bopomofo system [well, Taiwanese because they still use it]). The thing I'm sure I saw in a textbook was a pinyinized approximation of this.
But that's not what newscasters are using when they pronounce English (etc) initials.
The reporters use a pinyinized system which I've never seen written down, but I'll try to give you here from memory based on what I hear over the radio and from people spelling things to each other. Bear in mind that there is some variation in what people say.
I also hear people say kiu (or kiur) for q, but that's not standard pinyin. Also aichi for h.
Go to a place where they do those name seals for tourists. They should have a book for transliteration of names etc, at least the japanese used to have one.
I've been wondering about this myself. If I read someone like 菲尔普斯 in Chinese I can tell from the context who they are talking about. However if I wanted to translate a name like Phelps into Chinese for the first time, how do I know which Chinese characters to use?!
However this isn't very useful for transliteration of names.
Translated names often have the same characters so there must be some standard for transliterating. Maybe we can decipher it from examples. It's not going to depend on single letters tho, like a character for the alphabet letter 'l' etc. It's a combination of English letters that relate to a Chinese character. For example if the English name contains the letter span 'lan' then the Chinese is 兰.
Also you can use translation software to transliterate (like Google translate) with pretty impressive results.
I think the word "China" comes from the State of Qin (秦, pronounced 'chin') which conquered the other Warring States to form a unified Chinese empire.
Thanks for the little list of hanzified English syllables. That's EXACTLY what I'm talking about in Question 1. That's got to be written down somewhere because it seems to be consistently used. Why should we go to all the trouble when it's already been done? Now…if we only knew how to find it.
Great off-the-cuff rendering of the English alphabet in pinyin. That's EXACTLY what I'm talking about in Question 2. But, again, that's got to be written down somewhere too, right? How do we get our hands on these things?
All I mean is: as long as we're saying "China" (and not "Zhongguo") when we speak English, then don't they get to say "Niuyue" instead of "New York" when they're speaking Chinese?
I just posted an article on Chinglish, and in the article I reveal something interesting I found that answer's Albert's question #1 (how Chinese transliterate foreign names). The item in question is in the second part of the article, but I'm sure you'll all like to read the whole article. I posted it on Beijing Sounds.
Albert says that Chinese is the only language refuses to use Alphabets.
First, it is not the case of only. There is a language in 丽江、云南 called Dongba language which uses a more pictographic character system.
Second, the Chinese language does refuse to use an alphabetal system completely. Instead, it employs them as an affiliation to its own system, which is known as Pinyin, thanks to which we Chinese today can not only keep pace with the modern world but remain closely connected to our ancestors. I have been reading a book named 山海经 directly, which was written at least 3000 thousand years ago by our ancestors.
Generally speaking, Chiness characters and Dongba characters don't refuse to use alphabets for the sake of refusal but because they feel and have proved it UNNECESSARY TO DO SO.
Wouldn't my name, Benjamin, be Hanzi-fied as "Bianjiamin" (I am not familiar with tone numbers/marks, yet; the "a" in "Bian" is pronounced like the English short "e" sound corresponding to the first syllable of my name; in most cases the Pinyin "e" is actually pronounced like the schwa sound, "uh")?


Ashley's was a great find in Ann Arbor. I've been there twice and I will probably always go there if in that town. They have a large number of tap handles behind the bar and specialize in their assortment. They also serve beer flutes so you can sample a greater variety of beers.
Despite being in a college town, actually directly on campus, I highly recommend stopping in and taking a look through their assortment!
This is a great place right on UofM's college campus. Instead of cheap beer they have a very large selection of microbrews. I think Ashley's would benefit from having a larger selection of small local microbrews, that way it could build even more character and stand out from other places.
The service is fairly good, especially with how packed it can get, plus the food is good. Unfortunately, the atmosphere can easily be mistaken for any other college bar. There is outdoor seating, but not very much.


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text:
from django.conf import settings

"""
Check reconciliation import workflow incantations
"""

STATUS=settings.IMPORT_STATUS

# Populate temporary table A
TMP_VOID_A = """
    SELECT
        gltr_rec.gltr_no as gltr_noa, gle_rec.jrnl_ref, gle_rec.doc_id as
        cknodoc_ida, gle_rec.doc_no as cknodoc_noa, gltr_rec.subs, gltr_rec.stat,
        gltr_rec.recon_stat
    FROM
        vch_rec, gle_rec, gltr_rec
    WHERE
        gle_rec.jrnl_ref = 'CK'
    AND
        vch_rec.amt_type = 'ACT'
    AND
        gle_rec.ctgry = 'VOID'
    AND
        gle_rec.jrnl_ref = vch_rec.vch_ref
    AND
        gle_rec.jrnl_no = vch_rec.jrnl_no
    AND
        gle_rec.jrnl_ref = gltr_rec.jrnl_ref
    AND
        gle_rec.jrnl_no = gltr_rec.jrnl_no
    AND
        gle_rec.gle_no = gltr_rec.ent_no
    AND
        gltr_rec.stat IN('P','xV')
    AND
        gltr_rec.recon_stat = 'O'
    ORDER BY
        cknodoc_noa
    INTO TEMP
        tmp_voida
    WITH NO LOG
"""

# select * from temporary table A for testing
SELECT_VOID_A = """
    SELECT
        *
    FROM
        tmp_voida
    ORDER BY
        cknodoc_noa, gltr_noa
"""

# Populate temporary table B
TMP_VOID_B = """
    SELECT
        gle_rec.doc_id as cknodoc_idb, gltr_rec.gltr_no as gltr_nob,
        gle_rec.jrnl_ref, gle_rec.jrnl_no, gle_rec.descr as GLEdescr,
        gle_rec.doc_no as cknodoc_nob, gle_rec.ctgry, gltr_rec.amt,
        gltr_rec.recon_stat
    FROM
        vch_rec, gle_rec, gltr_rec, tmp_voida
    WHERE gle_rec.jrnl_ref = 'CK'
        AND vch_rec.amt_type = 'ACT'
        AND gle_rec.jrnl_ref = vch_rec.vch_ref
        AND gle_rec.jrnl_no = vch_rec.jrnl_no
        AND gle_rec.jrnl_ref = gltr_rec.jrnl_ref
        AND gle_rec.jrnl_no = gltr_rec.jrnl_no
        AND gle_rec.gle_no = gltr_rec.ent_no
        AND gltr_rec.stat IN('P','xV')
        AND gltr_rec.recon_stat = 'O'
        AND tmp_voida.cknodoc_noa = gle_rec.doc_no
        AND tmp_voida.cknodoc_ida = gle_rec.doc_id
        AND tmp_voida.subs = gltr_rec.subs
        AND tmp_voida.stat = gltr_rec.stat
        AND tmp_voida.recon_stat = gltr_rec.recon_stat
    ORDER BY
        cknodoc_nob
    INTO TEMP
        tmp_voidb
    WITH NO LOG
"""

# select * from temporary table B and send the data to the business office
SELECT_VOID_B = """
    SELECT
        *
    FROM
        tmp_voidb
    ORDER BY
        cknodoc_nob, gltr_nob
"""

# Set reconciliation status to 'v'
UPDATE_RECONCILIATION_STATUS = """
    UPDATE
        gltr_rec
    SET
        gltr_rec.recon_stat = '{}'
    WHERE
        gltr_rec.gltr_no
    IN  (
            SELECT
                tmp_voidb.gltr_nob
            FROM
                tmp_voidb
        )
    AND
        gltr_rec.recon_stat = 'O'
""".format(settings.REQUI_VICH)

# Find the duplicate cheque numbers and update those as 's'uspicious

# select import_date and stick it in a temp table, for some reason
SELECT_CURRENT_BATCH_DATE = """
    SELECT
        Min(ccreconjb_rec.jbimprt_date) AS crrntbatchdate
    FROM
        ccreconjb_rec
    WHERE
        jbimprt_date >= '{import_date}'
    INTO TEMP
        tmp_maxbtchdate
    WITH NO LOG
""".format

# select the duplicate cheques
SELECT_DUPLICATES_1 = """
    SELECT
        ccreconjb_rec.jbchkno, tmp_maxbtchdate.crrntbatchdate,
        Max(ccreconjb_rec.jbimprt_date) AS maxbatchdate,
        Min(ccreconjb_rec.jbimprt_date) AS minbatchdate,
        Count(ccreconjb_rec.jbseqno) AS countofjbseqno
    FROM
        ccreconjb_rec, tmp_maxbtchdate
    WHERE
        ccreconjb_rec.jbimprt_date >= '{import_date}'
    GROUP BY
        ccreconjb_rec.jbchkno, tmp_maxbtchdate.crrntbatchdate
    HAVING
        Count(ccreconjb_rec.jbseqno) > 1
    INTO TEMP
        tmp_dupcknos
    WITH NO LOG
""".format

# select cheques for updating
SELECT_FOR_UPDATING = """
    SELECT
        ccreconjb_rec.jbseqno, ccreconjb_rec.jbchkno,
        ccreconjb_rec.jbchknolnk, ccreconjb_rec.jbimprt_date,
        ccreconjb_rec.jbstatus, ccreconjb_rec.jbaction,
        ccreconjb_rec.jbaccount, ccreconjb_rec.jbamount,
        ccreconjb_rec.jbamountlnk, ccreconjb_rec.jbstatus_date,
        tmp_dupcknos.crrntbatchdate, tmp_dupcknos.maxbatchdate,
        tmp_dupcknos.minbatchdate, tmp_dupcknos.countofjbseqno
    FROM
        ccreconjb_rec, tmp_dupcknos
    WHERE
        ccreconjb_rec.jbimprt_date >= '{import_date}'
    AND
        ccreconjb_rec.jbchkno = tmp_dupcknos.jbchkno
    AND
        ccreconjb_rec.jbstatus = '{status}'
    ORDER BY
        ccreconjb_rec.jbchkno, ccreconjb_rec.jbseqno
    INTO TEMP
        tmp_4updtstatus
    WITH NO LOG
""".format

# select the records to be updated and send to the business office
SELECT_RECORDS_FOR_UPDATE = """
    SELECT
        *
    FROM
        tmp_4updtstatus
    ORDER BY
        jbchkno, jbseqno
"""

# update cheque status to 's'uspicious
UPDATE_STATUS_SUSPICIOUS = """
    UPDATE
        ccreconjb_rec
    SET
        ccreconjb_rec.jbstatus = '{}'
    WHERE
        ccreconjb_rec.jbseqno
    IN  (
            SELECT
                tmp_4updtstatus.jbseqno
            FROM
                tmp_4updtstatus
        )
    AND
        ccreconjb_rec.jbstatus = '{}'
""".format(settings.SUSPICIOUS, STATUS)

# send the results to the business office
SELECT_DUPLICATES_2 = """
    SELECT
        ccreconjb_rec.jbseqno, ccreconjb_rec.jbchkno, ccreconjb_rec.jbchknolnk,
        ccreconjb_rec.jbimprt_date, ccreconjb_rec.jbstatus,
        ccreconjb_rec.jbaction, ccreconjb_rec.jbaccount,
        ccreconjb_rec.jbamount, ccreconjb_rec.jbamountlnk,
        ccreconjb_rec.jbstatus_date, tmp_dupcknos.crrntbatchdate,
        tmp_dupcknos.maxbatchdate, tmp_dupcknos.minbatchdate,
        tmp_dupcknos.countofjbseqno
    FROM
        ccreconjb_rec, tmp_dupcknos
    WHERE
        ccreconjb_rec.jbimprt_date >= '{import_date}'
    AND
        ccreconjb_rec.jbchkno = tmp_dupcknos.jbchkno
    ORDER BY
        ccreconjb_rec.jbchkno, ccreconjb_rec.jbseqno
""".format

# Find the cleared CheckNos and update gltr_rec as 'r'econciled
# and ccreconjb_rec as 'ar' (auto-reconciled)

SELECT_CLEARED_CHEQUES = """
    SELECT
        ccreconjb_rec.jbimprt_date, ccreconjb_rec.jbseqno,
        ccreconjb_rec.jbchkno, ccreconjb_rec.jbchknolnk,
        ccreconjb_rec.jbstatus, ccreconjb_rec.jbaction,
        ccreconjb_rec.jbamount, ccreconjb_rec.jbamountlnk,
        ccreconjb_rec.jbaccount, ccreconjb_rec.jbstatus_date,
        ccreconjb_rec.jbpayee, gltr_rec.gltr_no, gle_rec.jrnl_ref,
        gle_rec.jrnl_no, gle_rec.doc_id as cknodoc_id, gltr_rec.amt,
        gle_rec.doc_no as cknodoc_no, gltr_rec.subs, gltr_rec.stat,
        gltr_rec.recon_stat
    FROM
        vch_rec, gle_rec, gltr_rec, ccreconjb_rec
    WHERE
        gle_rec.jrnl_ref = 'CK'
    AND
        vch_rec.amt_type = 'ACT'
    AND
        gle_rec.ctgry = 'CHK'
    AND
        gle_rec.jrnl_ref = vch_rec.vch_ref
    AND
        gle_rec.jrnl_no = vch_rec.jrnl_no
    AND
        gle_rec.jrnl_ref = gltr_rec.jrnl_ref
    AND
        gle_rec.jrnl_no = gltr_rec.jrnl_no
    AND
        gle_rec.gle_no = gltr_rec.ent_no
    AND
        gltr_rec.stat IN('P','xV')
    AND
        ccreconjb_rec.jbchknolnk = gle_rec.doc_no
    AND
        ccreconjb_rec.jbamountlnk = gltr_rec.amt
    AND
        ccreconjb_rec.jbstatus NOT IN("{suspicious}","s","{auto_rec}","ar","er","mr")
    AND
        gltr_rec.recon_stat NOT IN("{requi_rich}","{requi_vich}","r","v")
    AND
        ccreconjb_rec.jbimprt_date >= '{import_date}'
    ORDER BY
        gle_rec.doc_no
    INTO TEMP
        tmp_reconupdta
    WITH NO LOG
""".format

UPDATE_RECONCILED = """
    UPDATE
        gltr_rec
    SET
        gltr_rec.recon_stat = '{}'
    WHERE
        gltr_rec.gltr_no
    IN  (
            SELECT
                tmp_reconupdta.gltr_no
            FROM
                tmp_reconupdta
        )
    AND
        gltr_rec.recon_stat = 'O'
""".format(settings.REQUI_RICH)

UPDATE_STATUS_AUTO_REC = """
    UPDATE
        ccreconjb_rec
    SET
        ccreconjb_rec.jbstatus = '{}'
    WHERE
        ccreconjb_rec.jbseqno
    IN  (
            SELECT
                tmp_reconupdta.jbseqno
            FROM
                tmp_reconupdta
        )
    AND
        ccreconjb_rec.jbstatus = '{}'
""".format(settings.AUTO_REC, STATUS)

# Display reconciled checks
SELECT_RECONCILIATED = """
    SELECT
        *
    FROM
        tmp_reconupdta
    ORDER BY
        tmp_reconupdta.cknodoc_no
"""

# Display any left over imported checks whose status has not changed
SELECT_REMAINING_EYE = """
    SELECT * FROM ccreconjb_rec where jbstatus = '{}'
""".format(STATUS)

# This selects the non-reconciled import records and finds
# the CX original transaction

SELECT_NON_RECONCILDED = """
SELECT
    ccreconjb_rec.jbimprt_date, ccreconjb_rec.jbchkno,
    ccreconjb_rec.jbstatus, ccreconjb_rec.jbamount,
    ccreconjb_rec.jbstatus_date, gle_rec.doc_no AS cknodoc_no,
    gle_rec.doc_id AS cknodoc_id, gle_rec.jrnl_ref, gle_rec.jrnl_no,
    vch_rec.jrnl_date, gltr_rec.amt, gle_rec.ctgry, gltr_rec.stat,
    gltr_rec.recon_stat
FROM
    ccreconjb_rec
LEFT JOIN
    gle_rec ON (ccreconjb_rec.jbchkno = gle_rec.doc_no
AND
    gle_rec.jrnl_ref = 'CK')
LEFT JOIN
    vch_rec ON (gle_rec.jrnl_ref = vch_rec.vch_ref
AND
    gle_rec.jrnl_no = vch_rec.jrnl_no
AND
    gle_rec.ctgry in('CHK','VOID')
AND
    vch_rec.amt_type = 'ACT')
LEFT JOIN
    gltr_rec ON (gle_rec.jrnl_ref = gltr_rec.jrnl_ref
AND
    gle_rec.jrnl_no = gltr_rec.jrnl_no
AND
    gle_rec.gle_no = gltr_rec.ent_no
AND
    gltr_rec.stat IN('P','xV'))
WHERE
    ccreconjb_rec.jbimprt_date >= '{import_date}'
AND
    ccreconjb_rec.jbstatus IN("{suspicious}","{status}","i")
ORDER BY
    gle_rec.doc_no
""".format

"""
Check Matching SQL incantations
"""

MATCHING_CARTHAGE_CHEQUES = """
    SELECT gle_rec.doc_no as check_number, gltr_rec.amt as amount,
        trim(id_rec.fullname) as fullname,
        TO_CHAR(vch_rec.pst_date,'%Y-%m-%d') as post_date
    FROM
        vch_rec, gle_rec, gltr_rec, id_rec
    WHERE
        vch_rec.vch_ref = gle_rec.jrnl_ref
    AND vch_rec.jrnl_no = gle_rec.jrnl_no
    AND vch_rec.vch_ref = "CK"
    AND gle_rec.doc_id = id_rec.id
    AND gle_rec.jrnl_ref = gltr_rec.jrnl_ref
    AND gle_rec.jrnl_no = gltr_rec.jrnl_no
    AND gle_rec.gle_no = gltr_rec.ent_no
    AND (gltr_rec.recon_stat != "r" AND gltr_rec.recon_stat != "v")
    AND gltr_rec.stat = "P"
    ORDER BY
        check_number DESC
"""

MATCHING_JOHNSON_CHEQUES = """
   SELECT
        jbchkno as check_number, jbamount as amount, jbaction,
        jbstatus, TO_CHAR(jbstatus_date,'%Y-%m-%d') as cleared_date,
        jbpayee, jbaccount, jbseqno
   FROM
        ccreconjb_rec
   WHERE
        (jbstatus = "I" OR jbstatus = "s")
   AND
        jbimprt_date > "{}"
   ORDER BY check_number DESC
""".format(settings.IMPORT_DATE_FIRST)

MATCHING_UPDATE_GLTR_REC = """
    UPDATE
        gltr_rec
    SET
        recon_stat = "r"
    WHERE gltr_no in (
        SELECT gltr_rec.gltr_no
        FROM vch_rec, gle_rec, gltr_rec
        WHERE vch_rec.vch_ref = gle_rec.jrnl_ref
          AND vch_rec.jrnl_no = gle_rec.jrnl_no
          AND vch_rec.vch_ref = "CK"
          AND gle_rec.jrnl_ref = gltr_rec.jrnl_ref
          AND gle_rec.jrnl_no = gltr_rec.jrnl_no
          AND gle_rec.gle_no = gltr_rec.ent_no
          AND gltr_rec.stat = "P"
          AND gle_rec.doc_no = {CarthageNumber}
    )
""".format

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


How to buy Hawaiian tropical flower arrangements?
A few years back, the only tropical flowers you could have in the US were the Hawaii and Bird of Paradise. From the year 1980, more categories of tropical flowers found their way in the flower shops.
Tropical Flower Arrangements Copyright © 2019.


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text:
Q: Need help with mercurial branching structure We have just switched from SVN to HG and discussing on branching structures. We have came up with the following structure, need some reviews and want to know if this structure cause problems in the future.
                  * Tag v1.2.0
                  |
                  * Merge Branch v1.2.0 into Default
                 /|
                / |
               *  |
               |\ |
Merge v1.1.2   | \|
 fixes into    |  * Tag v1.1.2
 v1.2.0 branch |  |
               |  * Merge Branch v1.1.2 into Default
               |  |\
               |  |  \
   Commit code *  |   * Commit a bug fix
               |  |   |
               |  |   |
Merge v1.1.1   *  |   * Branch v1.1.2
 fixes into    |\ |  /
 v1.2.0 branch | \| /
               |  * Tag v1.1.1
               |  |
               |  * Merge Branch v1.1.1 into Default
   Commit code *  |\
               |  |  * Commit a bug fix
               |  |  |
 Branch v1.2.0 *  |  * Branch v1.1.1
                \ | /
                 \|/
                  * Tag v1.1.0

*

*Each tagging represents a version release.

*Bug fixes happen only on v0.0.x branches

*Minor improvements and minor new features (cosmetic updates to the UI, etc.) happen only on v0.x.x branches

*The default branch (center) has always stable and tested code

Questions:

*

*After merging v1.2.0 into default branch, will we able to create a branch for v1.1.3 from tag v1.1.2 and relase/tag v1.1.3?

*Does this structure a valid structure or are we trying to come up something absurd and there is already a solution/answer to this?

UPDATE: After discussing the solution provided by Lasse V. Karlsen, we have finally agreed that we won't need to release v1.1.3 after releasing v1.2.0. Our users should update to v1.2.0 line if they want to receive updates and v1.1.2 will be the last update for v1.1.x line. So, this way the first question is eliminated. Thanks for the great advise and tip Lasse.
Thank you all!

A: You would not be able to retroactively introduce 1.1.3 as a changeset along the default timeline, the best you can hope for is as follows:

*

*Update back to default at the point where you released 1.1.2

*Branch out for 1.1.3 and commit

*Merge this with the 1.1.2 tag in default, this will create another head on default branch, parallel to the 1.2 timeline you're now working on

*Tag for 1.1.3 and release

*Merge this new head into previous head, getting the bugfix into 1.2.x

Caveat: One thing that I discovered when I tested this is that .hgtags had to be merged when I merged the 1.1.3 default content into the 1.2.0 default content. Since tags are always read from the tipmost changeset (I could be wrong here), this might indicate that this is not the best way to do this. At the very least I would perhaps wait with the tagging until I had merged 1.1.3 into the 1.2.0 timeline (ie. topmost merge in diagram below.)
My test repository can be found here: https://lassevk.kilnhg.com/Repo/StackOverflow/answers/SO6071322
It would look something like this:

                  * Merge Branch 1.1.3 into Default
                  |\
                  | \
                  |  * Tag v1.1.3
                  |  |
                  |  * Merge Branch v1.1.3 into 1.1.x Default
                  |  |\
                  |  | \
Tag v1.2.0        *  |  * Commit a bug fix
                  |  |  |
                  |  |  |
Merge Branch      *  |  * Branch v1.1.3
v1.2.0 into      /|  | /
Default         / |  |/
               *  |  +
               |\ | /
Merge v1.1.2   | \|/
 fixes into    |  * Tag v1.1.2
 v1.2.0 branch |  |
               |  * Merge Branch v1.1.2 into Default
               :  :

Whether or not this is a good idea, not sure, I've yet to manage a project with lots of parallel releases like this in Mercurial.


The research group has developed a method to construct a biohybrid system that incorporates Vorticella. "Harnessing microorganisms requires that a batch assembly method be applied to the movable components in a microchannel. It is necessary to pattern a water-soluble sacrificial layer and confine the movable components in a microchannel," says Moeto Nagai, a lecturer at Toyohashi University of Technology and the leader of the research team. Vorticella cells were placed around blocks in the channel by applying magnetic force. These processes were applied to demonstrate how Vorticella converts the motion of a movable component.
"The concept of harnessing a component to a microorganism seems simple, but it is difficult for even a microfabrication expert to make harnesses that can follow the motions of microorganisms. Hazardous chemicals should be avoided, and a multidisciplinary approach should be taken," says Nagai. His group is familiar with microfabrication and has conducted considerable research in the field of microbiology. They found a biocompatible approach for making and releasing harnesses in a microchannel.
This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI (Grant Number 22810012, 25820087), the Ebara Hatakeyama Memorial Foundation, and The Foundation for the Promotion of Ion Engineering.
Moeto Nagai, Kohei Tanizaki, Takayuki Shibata (2019). Batch Assembly of SU-8 Movable Components in Channel Under Mild Conditions for Dynamic Microsystems: Application to Biohybrid Systems, IEEE/ASME Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, 10.1109/JMEMS.2019.2907285.


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text:
Q: Error: installation of audiostream - kivy on Linux/win r: exit status error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1 Trying to install audiostream https://github.com/kivy/audiostream on windows/Linux Ubuntu but getting below error .. ANyone have any idea ?
On Windows installed using following way ::
D:\Programming\Installers\python\Programming_Related_installers\Python re
lated Installer\audiostream-master\audiostream-master>C:\Kivy-1.8.0-py2.7-win32\
Python27\python.exe setup.py install

Hello i am from site pakages
running install
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build\lib.win32-2.7
creating build\lib.win32-2.7\audiostream
copying audiostream__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\audiostream
creating build\lib.win32-2.7\audiostream\sources
copying audiostream\sources__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\audiostream\sourc
es
creating build\lib.win32-2.7\audiostream\platform
copying audiostream\platform__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\audiostream\plat
form
running build_ext
cythoning audiostream\sources\thread.pyx to audiostream\sources\thread.c
building 'audiostream.sources.thread' extension
creating build\temp.win32-2.7
creating build\temp.win32-2.7\Release
creating build\temp.win32-2.7\Release\audiostream
creating build\temp.win32-2.7\Release\audiostream\sources
C:\Kivy-1.8.0-py2.7-win32\MinGW\bin\gcc.exe -mno-cygwin -mdll -O -Wall -I/usr/in
clude/SDL -I. -I/usr/include/SDL -IC:\Kivy-1.8.0-py2.7-win32\Python27\include -I
C:\Kivy-1.8.0-py2.7-win32\Python27\PC -c audiostream\sources\thread.c -o build\t
emp.win32-2.7\Release\audiostream\sources\thread.o -ggdb -O2
audiostream\sources\thread.c: In function __pyx_pf_11audiostream_7sources_6thre ad_12ThreadSource___init__': audiostream\sources\thread.c:903: warning: dereferencing type-punned pointer wil l break strict-aliasing rules audiostream\sources\thread.c:903: warning: dereferencing type-punned pointer wil l break strict-aliasing rules audiostream\sources\thread.c:903: warning: dereferencing type-punned pointer wil l break strict-aliasing rules audiostream\sources\thread.c:903: warning: dereferencing type-punned pointer wil l break strict-aliasing rules audiostream\sources\thread.c: In function__Pyx_FindPy2Metaclass':
audiostream\sources\thread.c:2408: warning: dereferencing type-punned pointer wi
ll break strict-aliasing rules
audiostream\sources\thread.c: In function `__Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue':
audiostream\sources\thread.c:3268: warning: dereferencing type-punned pointer wi
ll break strict-aliasing rules
audiostream\sources\thread.c:3269: warning: dereferencing type-punned pointer wi
ll break strict-aliasing rules
writing build\temp.win32-2.7\Release\audiostream\sources\thread.def
C:\Kivy-1.8.0-py2.7-win32\MinGW\bin\gcc.exe -mno-cygwin -shared -s build\temp.wi
n32-2.7\Release\audiostream\sources\thread.o build\temp.win32-2.7\Release\audios
tream\sources\thread.def -LC:\Kivy-1.8.0-py2.7-win32\Python27\libs -LC:\Kivy-1.8
.0-py2.7-win32\Python27\PCbuild -lSDL -lSDL_mixer -lpython27 -lmsvcr90 -o build\
lib.win32-2.7\audiostream\sources\thread.pyd
C:\Kivy-1.8.0-py2.7-win32\MinGW\bin..\lib\gcc\mingw32\3.4.5........\mingw32
\bin\ld.exe: cannot find -lSDL
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

On Linux :
kivy@kivy-VirtualBox:~/python_installers/audiostream-master$ sudo python setup.py install
[sudo] password for kivy:
running install
running build
running build_py
creating build/lib.linux-i686-2.7
creating build/lib.linux-i686-2.7/audiostream
copying audiostream/init.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.7/audiostream
creating build/lib.linux-i686-2.7/audiostream/sources
copying audiostream/sources/init.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.7/audiostream/sources
creating build/lib.linux-i686-2.7/audiostream/platform
copying audiostream/platform/init.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-2.7/audiostream/platform
running build_ext
skipping 'audiostream/sources/thread.c' Cython extension (up-to-date)
building 'audiostream.sources.thread' extension
creating build/temp.linux-i686-2.7
creating build/temp.linux-i686-2.7/audiostream
creating build/temp.linux-i686-2.7/audiostream/sources
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/usr/include/SDL -I. -I/usr/include/SDL -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c audiostream/sources/thread.c -o build/temp.linux-i686-2.7/audiostream/sources/thread.o -ggdb -O2
gcc -pthread -shared -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro build/temp.linux-i686-2.7/audiostream/sources/thread.o -lSDL -lSDL_mixer -o build/lib.linux-i686-2.7/audiostream/sources/thread.so
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lSDL
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lSDL_mixer
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
kivy@kivy-VirtualBox:~/python_installers/audiostream-master$

A:
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lSDL

On Linux:
sudo apt-get install libsdl1.2-dev


Security services have prevented 13 potential terror attacks since June 2013, the UK's most senior counter-terrorism police officer has revealed.
Assistant commissioner Mark Rowley also said there were 500 live counter-terror investigations at any time.
He disclosed the figures as he launched an appeal, Action Counters Terrorism, for the public to report suspicions.
Information from the public has helped police in a third of the most high-risk investigations, figures show.
It has also contributed to stopping some of the 13 attacks - a figure one higher than the last update, given in October.
Police have not detailed what the 13 incidents since 2013 were, but a number of them have already been through the courts.
Describing the public's contribution as "extraordinary", Mr Rowley said: "Some of that information is a change in someone's behaviour, some of that's about suspicious activity.
"Sometimes that public information has actually started an investigation.
"Other times it's part way through and it corroborates some things or adds to things we already know."
He told BBC Radio 4's Today programme that despite the public already playing a big part, some people said they were "slightly reluctant" to come forward and not sure of the help that police needed.
Mr Rowley urged the public to "trust your instinct" and "don't be cautious" when thinking of reporting anything of concern.
The new police appeal includes a podcast of untold stories of how terrorist attacks were foiled, featuring accounts from detectives, bomb disposal and surveillance officers.
One example involved a visiting lecturer, who taught a self-radicalised student and raised concerns about his behaviour.
"He was asking me which sort of different bacteria could be used to kill people. It was a fairly long conversation but there were quite specific questions he was asking me and I really evaded giving the answers.
"Almost immediately I thought 'oh this is just a bit of an odd thing to ask someone'. It was at that point I thought it was prudent to report what I heard to the management of the college."
Other reports from members of the public led to the 19-year-old's arrest. To hear the full podcast click here.
Andrew Ibrahim was jailed for 10 years in 2009 after planning an attack on a Bristol shopping centre.
Investigators have been making arrests at a rate of close to one a day since 2014.
The official threat level for international terrorism in the UK has stood at severe - meaning an attack is "highly likely" - for more than two years.
Much of the threat is posed by so-called Islamic State, but senior detectives said al-Qaeda remained a danger, as did far-right terrorism.
Mr Rowley said police faced a range of threats and challenges, including encrypted communication methods, propaganda and various possible attack methods.
"Now we worry about everything from fairly simple attacks with knives or using vehicles, all the way through to the more complex firearms attacks," he said.
"All of that means that our job remains difficult."
In the year to March, the anti-terrorist hotline received more than twice the number of calls - 22,000 - compared with the previous 12 months.
A survey of 2,198 adults across Britain found that most respondents believed it was important for communities to work with police to defeat terrorism.
However, a quarter of respondents to the police survey said they might not report their suspicions because of fears over wasting police time and almost two in five were unsure about what suspicious behaviour might look like.
Mr Rowley said: "If it turns out to be a call where you made it with good intent but actually there was no problem at the end of it, that's fine.
"We'd rather have many calls like that, rather than miss out on the critical one that helps us stop an attack."
Audio Why is MI6 so open about the threat of terrorism?


Impartial, speaks of truth. Conceited and modest - sometimes think I'm better, sometimes think I'm not.
Anyone who has studied abroad will be familiar with Hong Kong societies. I'd heard of them before starting university in Britain, but I was disappointed when I found out what they were really like.
Most universities in the West have societies based on nationality; for example, the Malaysian society, Korean society, etc. They act as a support system for students studying abroad, in particular by hosting events in which students can bond and feel a bit more at home.
However, my experience of Hong Kong societies has taught me that they push an idea of isolationism. Participants in them have a strong tribal identity, and this influences their entire experience abroad.
All their activities are based on self-seclusion from British life. There are no signs of embracing, assimilating, or even trying to get to learn about the culture of their host country.
As a result, their beliefs, attitudes, and philosophies of life are not stimulated in the slightest sense. It's the sense of "let's pretend we're still in Hong Kong" that makes me uncomfortable.
There are no thought-provoking, intellectual discussions of racial/ethnic identity in a British context; there are no guest-speakers coming in to talk about integration and intersectionality; there are no debates or any formal support sessions.
Instead, there are only hot pots, shopping sprees, and karaoke nights that cater to the minority's superficial needs. While they're sometimes fun and necessary, the narrowness of these activities is tiring.
These societies, which were really meant to help students integrate, now discourages students from integrating. They are also very exclusive to the point of being snobbish – you either fit into the customary formula or you're not welcome.
While British universities celebrate diversity and inclusion, these societies serve as an opponent to anything inclusive.
In future, I hope that these societies will consider ways to improve, to make use of our cultural identity for more than superficial, momentary enjoyment – and to form a community of true belongingness.


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It's been a while since I've posted one of these, I know. It's something that I intended to keep up on with a weekly posting, but I came to realize how time consuming it actually could be. I've decided to try and be more intentional about this but I only want to share thoughts that are really meaningful to me.
Here is a scripture that has been singing in my head lately.
I love that word, "pile". I picture myself picking up heaps of my own worries and problems and tossing them into a huge pile on God's shoulders. Boy, do I have a lot of things weighing on my mind. I have a lot of thoughts that try and take me away from where I need to be in life.
Don't we all get sidetracked by life's reality from time to time?
And do you know where else I find myself at times? I find myself knee deep in other peoples problems too. It's not enough that I take on my own worries and frustrations to solve on my own. Oh, no. I need to be there in that mess (that doesn't even belong to me) too.
God wants me to help others, but He never asked me to solve their problems. That's HIS job. So, instead of trying to be the one with all of the answers, I can be a part of an assembly line of sorts. When I see a need or have one of my own, I can simply "heave-ho" it up to God and let Him handle it.
Anyway, He manages things much better than I can. It's great to know I can trust Him with everything in my world.
How about you? Are you like me? Or have you found your way to the other side of this?


text:
Q: Loading JSON from Dojo JsonRest into object variable According to this post Remove String from JSON, I want to fill a Dojo Selectbox with JSON Data. The Problem is that I have to change the JSON Data before I can handout the data to the dijit.form.select Box.
I get the data via JsonRest. The question if, how I can load the Json Data into a normal object variable? I tried this here but it did not work.
var processStore = new JsonRest({
            target: "http://cnwin.ebusiness.local/activiti-rest/service/repository/process-definitions?startableByUser=kermit",
            headers: {"Authorization": "Basic a2VybWl0Omtlcm1pdA=="},
            allowNoTrailingSlash: false
            });

var processes = processStore.query("",{});

I simply want to load the JSON data from the JsonRest store in a normal variable.
Thank you

A: The JsonRest store only accepts an array, so you're not able to retrieve the data, because your store is not able to read that data for you.
If you're only interested in reading the data (so no updating/creating/deleting has to be done), the easiest way is to retrieve that data using an AJAX request and manually put it inside a dojo/store/Memory store, for example:
require([ "dojo/request/xhr", "dojo/store/Memory" ], function(xhr) {
    var url = "http://cnwin.ebusiness.local/activiti-rest/service/repository/process-definitions?startableByUser=kermit";

    xhr(url, {
        handleAs: json
    }).then(function(data) {
        if (data.data !== undefined) {
            var myStore = new Memory({
                data: data.data
            });
            // Do something with "myStore"
    });
});

If you're interested in the full capabilities of the JsonRest store, you will have to extend it by yourself. If you look at the code you can see several AJAX requests, in:

*

*get()

*put()

*remove()

*query()
Now you can write your own store and extend those methods.


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While classical aminopolycarboxylates (NTA, EDTA and DTPA, etc.) provide outstanding performance in terms of cost effectiveness and versatility, they may not always fulfill all customer needs regarding performance, properties and health, safety and environmental considerations.
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GREENWOOD, SOUTH CAROLINA — 27 NOVEMBER, 2017 – GOLDCOIN, the cryptocurrency for the opportunist, has undertaken a major upgrade of its network which will make it safer and better-performing.
GOLDCOIN is already one of the fastest-growing cryptocurrencies, having climbed from near-zero/USD in 2014 to $0.16 today.
Traders have confidence in GOLDCOIN, because it is 'hard money:' GOLDCOIN stays on the path that was pioneered by Satoshi Nakamoto when he or she first created Bitcoin.
"While the current management of Bitcoin has strayed from that path with its 'hard forks' – creation of Bitcoin Gold and Bitcoin Cash – GOLDCOIN sticks to blockchain basics," explains GOLDCOIN Systems Administrator Greg Matthews.
"By convention, the first transaction in a block is a special transaction that starts a new coin owned by the creator of the block. This adds an incentive for nodes to support the network, and provides a way to initially distribute coins into circulation, since there is no central authority to issue them. The steady addition of a constant of amount of new coins is analogous to gold miners expending resources to add gold to circulation,"  Nakamoto wrote in 2008.
"GOLDCOIN adds value in just the same way, but our improved network speeds up the process and makes it even safer than the original one at Bitcoin," Matthews continues.
"This is why traders trust GOLDCOIN, and they know that we will continue to evolve in this way," he adds.
Traders already value GOLDCOIN's strong performance and solid infrastructure. GOLDCOIN is already faster than both Bitcoin's and Ethereum's in terms of confirmation times.
Now GOLDCOIN is adding three new developers to its team led by renowned cryptocurrency expert Amir Eslampanah – a colleague of Ethereum's creator Vitalik Buterin. Telecoms industry veteran Brett Walling, innovative application developer Maverick Peppers, and seasoned Bitcoin programmer Lee Irvine. Together with GOLDCOIN's mobile expert Eric Britten, they are a formidable group of thinkers who will make GOLDCOIN even stronger.
GOLDCOIN will soon have IOS wallet to go along with the Android wallet already available.
GOLDCOIN's GoldenRiver algorithm improves network performance, and provides an impregnable defense against ASIC and 51% attacks. Other defense systems (DGW/KGW and their variants) use something akin to a weighted moving average, but Golden River uses median and average times in accordance with various pre-defined clauses to provide near-best case movement without a pre-determined curve. The result is that Golden River vastly outperforms them in cases where the difficulty needs to drop quickly.
And GOLDCOIN's roadshow will kick off in the Spring of 2018, with a World Conference Tour that will allow the team to showcase our technology and new software to the cryptocurrency industry.


1) What is the deployment zone?
2) I assume high dice roll goes first or does that allow you to chose?
3)I take it who deploys first takes first turn?
4) Is there a set number of turns like 40K?
3)Yes, whoever deploys first takes the first turn. There is no roll to steal initiative.


Edwards of Manchester, the independent shoe shop that has held pride of place in Barton Arcade since 1830, has been forced to close its doors to customers for the first time in nearly 200 years. The iconic retailer, which supplies made-to-measure shoes to its well-heeled customers, entered into company insolvency just last week.
Although the shop's immediate future looks bleaker than its illustrious past, there is hope that the retailer can be saved from liquidation and allowed to trade again. An insolvency firm is currently busy exploring the firm's options.
The city centre store, which is the oldest independent shoe shop outside of London, has been located on the same site since it opened in the 1800s. Unfortunately, the store closed suddenly last week, with no information on the store's website, Facebook or Twitter page to explain why it's no longer trading, or whether it's likely to be open again.
The store was emptied of all its stock more than a week ago due to the ongoing changes in market conditions. The proliferation of online shoe retailers and a significant decline of footfall in Manchester city centre are thought to be responsible for the company's demise.
Edwards is famed for selling classic men's and women's shoes produced using traditional techniques. This included brands such as Barker, Loake, Church, and Crockett & Jones, all of which originated from the historical shoemaking centre of Northamptonshire.
Despite the store's closure for more than a week, there is still hope one of the country's oldest retailers could be saved after a team of company rescue experts were called in by Edwards' director Steve Fitzsimmons.
The first steps taken by the team of insolvency practitioners were to launch an investigation into why the retailer was forced to close, and to call a creditors' meeting to be held later this month. A senior practitioner at the insolvency firm, said: "Edwards is one of the oldest retailers in London and has enjoyed a buoyant position in the city for many years, catering for all types of clients, including well-known footballers.
"Unfortunately, due mainly to a change in the market perspective and a significant drop in footfall in Manchester, the business has diminished to the extent that in its current format and location, it is simply no longer viable.
What are the options for Edwards?
When attempting a company rescue, there are several options the insolvency practitioners will consider to turn the company's situation around. A company voluntary arrangement (CVA) is one option. A CVA can be used to effectively ring-fence the company to protect it from creditor pressure and any aggressive legal processes, such as a winding-up petition, which could be used to force the closure of the company. A CVA can be used when a company is overwhelmed by debts but has good long-term prospects if it is given the time it needs to repay its creditors.
Other options include an administration and pre-pack administration, as well as specific creditor negotiations with HMRC or other major trade creditors to arrange suitable repayment terms that allow Edwards to continue to trade.
If you are worried about the future of your business, seeking professional insolvency assistance immediately will give your business the very best chance of survival. Call 08000 746 757 for a no-obligation discussion of your circumstances.


text:
Very Affordable Micromax Mobiles Features
Is the operation is worth spending all your hard earned funds on the latest mobile phone technology when it seems to change every period. Sure you can all around for exercise deals do not contract deals lock you into long contracts. And whenever your stuck in a deal and the latest mobile arrives a couple weeks or months later that's when you to be able to regret everything.
This gizmo includes many messaging features through the fact that user can interact individuals without even calling these kind of. By this way, the communication process becomes more unique by itself. An individual can send, create and receive wording via Text messaging. With the help of multimedia messaging service, copious amounts of data could be shared without problems. One can chat with kith and kins through email, push email and IM when they are the internet. The mobile user can be in touch using friends without having to spend much funds.
The distinct.3 megapixel camera uses a better resolution than one year old Nokia 6630 smartphone. The resolution for that Features of Xiaomi 11 Ultra Nokia 6125 is 1280 x 1024 pixels and this is ideal for a mid-range cell phone.
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The HTC One S is designed to by the mid range device provides improvements over the One V in most areas. A more impressive 4.3 Super AMOLED screen is present on this model moreover offers increasing your resolution of 540 x 960 p. This means that the pixel density of the model is 256PPI. The handset uses an even more powerful processor than the basic model which will appeal to many consumers. A dual core 1.5Ghz Krait processor helps to ensure that the phone is ideal people who desires to multi task while a superb Adreno 225 graphics processing unit means that the model can easily handle the most demanding of games game titles. An 8 megapixel camera is fitted on the model which in addition be record HD footage on the maximum resolution of 1080P.
Sony Ericsson W380i is not a 3G phone and neither it comes with WLAN. Option to a WAP browser which enables for you to browse Best mid-budget phones the web pages of internet with no difficulty. Carrying simple functions with this phone like SMS, MMS, EMS, Email and Instant messaging is quite fun and easy. There is a Bluetooth support for wireless file transfer and USB port to talk with other devices like printers, computers and laptops.
Both phones come with cameras which powerful enough to suit your multimedia needs. The Me comes with a 3.15 MP camera and additional image enhancing features since autofocus and geotagging. The Chic consists of more superior 5 MP camera with image enhancing capabilities. With these cameras, you could upload multimedia on your favorite social network as soon as the done capturing and audio recording.
The Samsung i600 is equipped with poor content . mobile technology integrated into one section of hardware. Cell phone supports HSDPA, WCDMA, WIFI, Bluetooth in conjunction with a QWERTY keyboard to maximize productivity. Together with of https://www.cheeryo.net , it supports Podcasting and comes by using a RSS Birdfeeder. Measuring only 11.8mm and weighing just a 99g, the Samsung Ultra Messaging i600 is the earth's thinnest 3G smartphone along with a full QWERTY key panel. The QWERTY keyboard with wheel key allows easy navigation and typing of email.