text:
#include "tensorflow/compiler/xla/service/gpu/ir_emitter.h"

#include <string>
#include <unordered_map>

#include "tensorflow/core/platform/logging.h"
// IWYU pragma: no_include "llvm/IR/Intrinsics.gen.inc"
#include "llvm/IR/BasicBlock.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Constants.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
#include "tensorflow/compiler/xla/primitive_util.h"
#include "tensorflow/compiler/xla/service/elemental_ir_emitter.h"
#include "tensorflow/compiler/xla/service/gpu/elemental_ir_emitter.h"
#include "tensorflow/compiler/xla/service/gpu/partition_assignment.h"
#include "tensorflow/compiler/xla/service/hlo_computation.h"
#include "tensorflow/compiler/xla/service/llvm_ir/fused_ir_emitter.h"
#include "tensorflow/compiler/xla/service/llvm_ir/ir_array.h"
#include "tensorflow/compiler/xla/service/llvm_ir/llvm_loop.h"
#include "tensorflow/compiler/xla/service/llvm_ir/llvm_util.h"
#include "tensorflow/compiler/xla/service/llvm_ir/loop_emitter.h"
#include "tensorflow/compiler/xla/service/llvm_ir/tuple_ops.h"
#include "tensorflow/compiler/xla/service/name_uniquer.h"
#include "tensorflow/compiler/xla/shape_util.h"
#include "tensorflow/compiler/xla/status_macros.h"
#include "tensorflow/compiler/xla/types.h"
#include "tensorflow/compiler/xla/util.h"
#include "tensorflow/compiler/xla/window_util.h"
#include "tensorflow/core/lib/core/errors.h"

namespace xla {

using llvm_ir::IrName;
using llvm_ir::SetToFirstInsertPoint;

namespace gpu {

IrEmitter::IrEmitter(const HloModuleConfig& hlo_module_config,
                     IrEmitterContext* ir_emitter_context, bool is_nested)
    : ir_emitter_context_(ir_emitter_context),
      ir_builder_(ir_emitter_context->llvm_module()->getContext()),
      bindings_(ir_emitter_context->hlo_module(),
                &ir_emitter_context->buffer_assignment(), &ir_builder_,
                is_nested),
      hlo_module_config_(hlo_module_config) {
  ir_builder_.setFastMathFlags(llvm_ir::GetFastMathFlags(
      /*fast_math_enabled=*/hlo_module_config.debug_options()
          .xla_enable_fast_math()));
}

Status IrEmitter::DefaultAction(HloInstruction* hlo) {
  ElementalIrEmitter::HloToElementGeneratorMap operand_to_generator;
  for (const HloInstruction* operand : hlo->operands()) {
    operand_to_generator[operand] = [=](const llvm_ir::IrArray::Index& index) {
      return GetIrArray(*operand).EmitReadArrayElement(index, &ir_builder_);
    };
  }
  return EmitTargetElementLoop(
      *hlo, GpuElementalIrEmitter(hlo_module_config_,
                                  ir_emitter_context_->llvm_module(),
                                  &ir_builder_, GetNestedComputer())
                .MakeElementGenerator(hlo, operand_to_generator));
}

Status IrEmitter::HandleConstant(HloInstruction* constant,
                                 const Literal& literal) {
  llvm::Constant* initializer =
      llvm_ir::ConvertLiteralToIrConstant(literal, &ir_builder_);
  llvm::GlobalVariable* global_for_const = new llvm::GlobalVariable(
      *ir_emitter_context_->llvm_module(), initializer->getType(),
      /*isConstant=*/true, llvm::GlobalValue::PrivateLinkage, initializer,
      /*Name=*/"");
  VLOG(2) << "HandleConstant: " << constant->ToString() << std::endl
          << "  emitted_value: " << llvm_ir::DumpToString(*global_for_const)
          << std::endl
          << "  its type: "
          << llvm_ir::DumpToString(*global_for_const->getType());
  bindings_.BindHloToIrValue(*constant, global_for_const);
  return Status::OK();
}

Status IrEmitter::HandleBitcast(HloInstruction* bitcast) {
  VLOG(2) << "HandleBitcast: " << bitcast->ToString();
  const HloInstruction* operand = bitcast->operand(0);
  // Bitcast is a no-op, but we still want to bind it to an llvm::Value
  // sometimes, e.g., when it's operand is a constant or a bitcast of a
  // constant.
  if (bindings_.BoundToIrValue(*operand)) {
    bindings_.BindHloToIrValue(*bitcast, GetBasePointer(*operand));
  }
  return Status::OK();
}

Status IrEmitter::HandleGetTupleElement(HloInstruction* get_tuple_element,
                                        HloInstruction* operand) {
  CHECK(bindings_.BoundToIrValue(*operand));
  bindings_.BindHloToIrValue(
      *get_tuple_element,
      llvm_ir::EmitGetTupleElement(
          get_tuple_element->shape(), get_tuple_element->tuple_index(),
          // TODO(b/26344050): tighten the alignment here
          // based on the real element type.
          /*alignment=*/1, GetBasePointer(*operand), &ir_builder_));
  return Status::OK();
}

Status IrEmitter::HandleSort(HloInstruction* sort,
                             HloInstruction* operand_instruction) {
  // TODO(b/26783907): Implement sort on GPU.
  return Unimplemented("sort");
}

Status IrEmitter::HandleSend(HloInstruction* send) {
  return Unimplemented("Send is not implemented on GPU");
}

Status IrEmitter::HandleRecv(HloInstruction* recv) {
  return Unimplemented("Recv is not implemented on GPU");
}

Status IrEmitter::HandleTuple(
    HloInstruction* tuple,
    tensorflow::gtl::ArraySlice<HloInstruction*> operands) {
  std::vector<llvm::Value*> base_ptrs;
  for (const HloInstruction* operand : operands) {
    base_ptrs.push_back(GetBasePointer(*operand));
  }
  llvm_ir::EmitTuple(GetIrArray(*tuple), base_ptrs, &ir_builder_);
  return Status::OK();
}

Status IrEmitter::EmitCallToNestedComputation(
    const HloComputation& nested_computation,
    tensorflow::gtl::ArraySlice<llvm::Value*> operands, llvm::Value* output) {
  TF_RET_CHECK(nested_computation.num_parameters() > 0);
  llvm::Function*& emitted_function =
      computation_to_ir_function_[&nested_computation];
  if (emitted_function == nullptr) {
    IrEmitterNested ir_emitter_nested(hlo_module_config_, nested_computation,
                                      ir_emitter_context_);
    TF_RETURN_IF_ERROR(
        nested_computation.root_instruction()->Accept(&ir_emitter_nested));
    emitted_function = ir_emitter_nested.GetEmittedFunction();
  }

  std::vector<llvm::Value*> arguments(operands.begin(), operands.end());
  arguments.push_back(output);
  arguments.push_back(bindings_.GetTempBufferBase());
  ir_builder_.CreateCall(emitted_function, arguments);

  return Status::OK();
}

bool IrEmitter::MaybeEmitSpecialAtomicOperation(
    const HloComputation& computation, llvm::Value* output_address,
    llvm::Value* source_address) {
  CHECK_EQ(2, computation.num_parameters());

  if (computation.instruction_count() != 3) {
    // We special-case only computations with one computing instruction for now.
    // Such computation has exactly three instructions given it has two
    // parameters.
    return false;
  }

  HloOpcode root_opcode = computation.root_instruction()->opcode();
  PrimitiveType element_type =
      computation.root_instruction()->shape().element_type();
  llvm::Value* source = ir_builder_.CreateLoad(source_address, "source");
  if (root_opcode == HloOpcode::kAdd) {
    // NVPTX supports atomicAdd on F32 and integer types.
    if (element_type == F32) {
      // F32 + F32
      llvm_ir::EmitCallToIntrinsic(llvm::Intrinsic::nvvm_atomic_load_add_f32,
                                   {output_address, source},
                                   {output_address->getType()}, &ir_builder_);
      return true;
    }
    if (primitive_util::IsIntegralType(element_type)) {
      // integral + integral
      ir_builder_.CreateAtomicRMW(llvm::AtomicRMWInst::Add, output_address,
                                  source,
                                  llvm::AtomicOrdering::SequentiallyConsistent);
      return true;
    }
  }

  // NVPTX supports atomicMax and atomicMin on only integer types.
  if (root_opcode == HloOpcode::kMaximum &&
      primitive_util::IsIntegralType(element_type)) {
    // max(integral, integral)
    auto opcode = primitive_util::IsSignedIntegralType(element_type)
                      ? llvm::AtomicRMWInst::Max
                      : llvm::AtomicRMWInst::UMax;
    ir_builder_.CreateAtomicRMW(opcode, output_address, source,
                                llvm::AtomicOrdering::SequentiallyConsistent);
    return true;
  }

  if (root_opcode == HloOpcode::kMinimum &&
      primitive_util::IsIntegralType(element_type)) {
    // min(integral, integral)
    auto opcode = primitive_util::IsSignedIntegralType(element_type)
                      ? llvm::AtomicRMWInst::Min
                      : llvm::AtomicRMWInst::UMin;
    ir_builder_.CreateAtomicRMW(opcode, output_address, source,
                                llvm::AtomicOrdering::SequentiallyConsistent);
    return true;
  }

  return false;
}

Status IrEmitter::EmitAtomicOperationForNestedComputation(
    const HloComputation& computation, llvm::Value* output_address,
    llvm::Value* source_address) {
  if (computation.num_parameters() != 2) {
    // TODO(b/30258929): We only accept binary computations so far.
    return Unimplemented(
        "We only support atomic functions with exactly two parameters, but "
        "computation %s has %lld.",
        computation.name().c_str(), computation.num_parameters());
  }

  if (MaybeEmitSpecialAtomicOperation(computation, output_address,
                                      source_address)) {
    return Status::OK();
  }

  // Other binary computations can be made atomic as following (labels are basic
  // block names used in the IR emitting code later).
  //
  // atomic_op_loop_preheader:
  //   ...
  //   source = *source_address;
  //   old_output = *output_address;
  //   do {
  // atomic_op_loop_body_entry:
  //     new_output = computation(old_output, source);
  //     (old_output, success) =
  //         atomicCAS(output_address, old_output, new_output);
  //   } while (!success);
  //
  // atomic_op_loop_exit:
  //   ...
  //
  // TODO(jingyue): Consider encapsulate the logic of emitting control flow to
  // something similar to llvm_ir::ForLoop.
  //
  // Emit preparation code to the preheader.
  llvm::BasicBlock* loop_preheader_bb = ir_builder_.GetInsertBlock();
  llvm::Type* element_ir_type =
      output_address->getType()->getPointerElementType();
  // old_output = *output_address;
  llvm::Value* old_output_location = ir_builder_.CreateAlloca(
      element_ir_type, /*ArraySize=*/nullptr, "old_output_location");
  ir_builder_.CreateStore(ir_builder_.CreateLoad(output_address, "old_output"),
                          old_output_location);
  llvm::BasicBlock* loop_exit_bb = loop_preheader_bb->splitBasicBlock(
      ir_builder_.GetInsertPoint(), "atomic_op_loop_exit");

  // Emit the body of the loop that repeatedly invokes atomicCAS.
  llvm::BasicBlock* loop_body_bb =
      llvm::BasicBlock::Create(ir_builder_.getContext(), "atomic_op_loop_body",
                               ir_builder_.GetInsertBlock()->getParent());
  ir_builder_.SetInsertPoint(loop_body_bb);
  // Change preheader's successor from loop_exit_bb to loop_body_bb.
  loop_preheader_bb->getTerminator()->setSuccessor(0, loop_body_bb);
  // new_output = computation(old_output, source);
  llvm::Value* new_output_location = ir_builder_.CreateAlloca(
      element_ir_type, /*ArraySize=*/nullptr, "new_output_location");
  TF_RETURN_IF_ERROR(EmitCallToNestedComputation(
      computation, {old_output_location, source_address}, new_output_location));

  // (old_output, success) = atomicCAS(output_address, old_output, new_output);
  llvm::Type* element_int_ir_type =
      ir_builder_.getIntNTy(element_ir_type->getScalarSizeInBits());
  // cmpxchg accetps integer only, so we bitcast the operands (old_output and
  // new_output) to integers of the same bit width, and bitcast the result
  // back to the original element type.
  llvm::Value* old_output =
      ir_builder_.CreateLoad(old_output_location, "old_output");
  llvm::Value* new_output =
      ir_builder_.CreateLoad(new_output_location, "new_output");
  llvm::Value* ret_value = ir_builder_.CreateAtomicCmpXchg(
      ir_builder_.CreateBitCast(output_address,
                                element_int_ir_type->getPointerTo()),
      ir_builder_.CreateBitCast(old_output, element_int_ir_type),
      ir_builder_.CreateBitCast(new_output, element_int_ir_type),
      llvm::AtomicOrdering::SequentiallyConsistent,
      llvm::AtomicOrdering::SequentiallyConsistent);
  // cmpxchg returns a pair. The first element is the original value at
  // output_address and the second element is whether the swap is successful.
  ir_builder_.CreateStore(
      ir_builder_.CreateBitCast(
          ir_builder_.CreateExtractValue(ret_value, 0, "old_output"),
          element_ir_type),
      old_output_location);
  ir_builder_.CreateCondBr(
      ir_builder_.CreateExtractValue(ret_value, 1, "success"), loop_exit_bb,
      loop_body_bb);

  // Restore the insertion point to the exit basic block so that the caller of
  // this method can continue emitting code to the right place.
  SetToFirstInsertPoint(loop_exit_bb, &ir_builder_);
  return Status::OK();
}

Status IrEmitter::HandleSelect(HloInstruction* select, HloInstruction* pred,
                               HloInstruction* on_true,
                               HloInstruction* on_false) {
  TF_RET_CHECK(pred->shape().element_type() == PRED);

  if (ShapeUtil::IsTuple(select->shape())) {
    llvm_ir::EmitTupleSelect(GetIrArray(*select), GetIrArray(*pred),
                             GetBasePointer(*on_true),
                             GetBasePointer(*on_false), &ir_builder_);
    return Status::OK();
  }

  // We must not call the subclass `DefaultAction` method, lest its
  // `HandleSelect` call `IrEmitter::HandleSelect` and its `DefaultAction`
  // assume no handler has already been called.
  return IrEmitter::DefaultAction(select);
}

Status IrEmitter::HandleDot(HloInstruction* dot,
                            HloInstruction* lhs_instruction,
                            HloInstruction* rhs_instruction) {
  const llvm_ir::IrArray& target_array = GetIrArray(*dot);
  const llvm_ir::IrArray& lhs_array = GetIrArray(*lhs_instruction);
  const llvm_ir::IrArray& rhs_array = GetIrArray(*rhs_instruction);

  const Shape& lhs_shape = lhs_instruction->shape();
  const Shape& rhs_shape = rhs_instruction->shape();

  if (ShapeUtil::IsScalar(lhs_shape) && ShapeUtil::IsScalar(rhs_shape)) {
    // If the operands are scalar, don't emit any loops.
    llvm::Value* lhs_value =
        lhs_array.EmitReadArrayElement(/*index=*/{}, &ir_builder_);
    llvm::Value* rhs_value =
        rhs_array.EmitReadArrayElement(/*index=*/{}, &ir_builder_);
    llvm::Value* result = ir_builder_.CreateFMul(lhs_value, rhs_value);
    target_array.EmitWriteArrayElement(/*index=*/{}, result, &ir_builder_);
    return Status::OK();
  }

  // "Scalar dot non-scalar" or "non-scalar dot scalar" is invalid. See
  // the semantics of Dot in the XLA documentation for details.
  TF_RET_CHECK(!ShapeUtil::IsScalar(lhs_shape) &&
               !ShapeUtil::IsScalar(rhs_shape));

  // Reduce along the last dimension of the LHS and the second-to-last dimension
  // of the RHS. Vectors are a special case where the reduction dimension is 0
  // for both LHS and RHS. This results in a vector dot product producing a
  // scalar.
  const int64 lhs_reduction_dimension =
      ShapeUtil::GetDimensionNumber(lhs_shape, -1);
  const int64 rhs_reduction_dimension =
      ShapeUtil::Rank(rhs_shape) >= 2
          ? ShapeUtil::GetDimensionNumber(rhs_shape, -2)
          : 0;

  // Verify the reduction dimension in the two operands are the same size.
  TF_RET_CHECK(lhs_shape.dimensions(lhs_reduction_dimension) ==
               rhs_shape.dimensions(rhs_reduction_dimension));

  // Create loop nests which loop through the LHS operand dimensions and the RHS
  // operand dimensions. The reduction dimension of the LHS and RHS are handled
  // in a separate innermost loop which performs the sum of products.
  llvm_ir::ForLoopNest loop_nest(IrName(dot), &ir_builder_);
  llvm_ir::IrArray::Index lhs_index = EmitOperandArrayLoopNest(
      lhs_array, lhs_reduction_dimension, "lhs", &loop_nest);
  llvm_ir::IrArray::Index rhs_index = EmitOperandArrayLoopNest(
      rhs_array, rhs_reduction_dimension, "rhs", &loop_nest);

  // Create the reduction loop which does the sum of products reduction.
  std::unique_ptr<llvm_ir::ForLoop> reduction_loop = loop_nest.AddLoop(
      /*start_index=*/0,
      /*end_index=*/lhs_shape.dimensions(lhs_reduction_dimension),
      /*suffix=*/"reduction");

  // The final entry in the rhs and lhs indexes is the indvar of the reduction
  // loop.
  lhs_index[lhs_reduction_dimension] = reduction_loop->GetIndVarValue();
  rhs_index[rhs_reduction_dimension] = reduction_loop->GetIndVarValue();

  // For computing the sum of products we alloca a single location to store the
  // dot product result as we accumulate it within the reduction loop. After the
  // reduction loop we load the result and store into the output array.
  llvm::Type* accum_type = target_array.GetElementLlvmType();
  llvm::Value* accum_address = llvm_ir::EmitAllocaAtFunctionEntry(
      accum_type,       // The pointee type of the alloca instruction.
      "accum_address",  // The name of the alloca instruction.
      &ir_builder_);

  // Initialize the accumulator in the preheader to zero.
  new llvm::StoreInst(
      llvm::ConstantFP::get(accum_type, 0.0),  // The value stored.
      accum_address,                           // The address.
      reduction_loop->GetPreheaderBasicBlock()
          ->getTerminator());  // The instruction this store is inserted before.

  // Emit the body of the reduction loop:
  //   accum = *accum_address
  //   updated_accum = accum + lhs_element * rhs_element
  //   *accum_address = updated_accum
  TF_RET_CHECK(!reduction_loop->GetBodyBasicBlock()->empty());
  ir_builder_.SetInsertPoint(
      &*reduction_loop->GetBodyBasicBlock()->getFirstInsertionPt());
  llvm::Value* lhs_element =
      lhs_array.EmitReadArrayElement(lhs_index, &ir_builder_);
  llvm::Value* rhs_element =
      rhs_array.EmitReadArrayElement(rhs_index, &ir_builder_);
  llvm::Value* product = ir_builder_.CreateFMul(lhs_element, rhs_element);
  llvm::Value* accum = ir_builder_.CreateLoad(accum_address);
  llvm::Value* updated_accum = ir_builder_.CreateFAdd(accum, product);
  ir_builder_.CreateStore(updated_accum, accum_address);

  // After the reduction loop exits, store the accumulator into the target
  // address. The index into the target address is the concatenation of the rhs
  // and lhs indexes with the reduction dimensions removed. The terms from the
  // rhs index are the lower dimensions in the index so we add them first.
  llvm_ir::IrArray::Index target_index;
  for (size_t dimension = 0; dimension < lhs_index.size(); ++dimension) {
    if (dimension != lhs_reduction_dimension) {
      target_index.push_back(lhs_index[dimension]);
    }
  }
  for (size_t dimension = 0; dimension < rhs_index.size(); ++dimension) {
    if (dimension != rhs_reduction_dimension) {
      target_index.push_back(rhs_index[dimension]);
    }
  }
  SetToFirstInsertPoint(reduction_loop->GetExitBasicBlock(), &ir_builder_);
  target_array.EmitWriteArrayElement(
      target_index,
      ir_builder_.CreateLoad(
          accum_address),  // The value written to the target array.
      &ir_builder_);

  // Set the IR builder insert point to the exit basic block of the outer most
  // loop. This ensures later instructions are inserted after this loop nest.
  ir_builder_.SetInsertPoint(loop_nest.GetOuterLoopExitBasicBlock());

  return Status::OK();
}

Status IrEmitter::HandleConvolution(HloInstruction* convolution,
                                    HloInstruction* lhs_instruction,
                                    HloInstruction* rhs_instruction,
                                    const Window& window) {
  if (ShapeUtil::HasZeroElements(convolution->shape())) {
    // Emit no code for an empty output.
    return Status::OK();
  }
  // TODO(b/31409998): Support convolution with dilation.
  return Unimplemented(
      "Hit a case for convolution that is not implemented on GPU.");
}

Status IrEmitter::HandleCrossReplicaSum(HloInstruction* crs) {
  // TODO(b/33011107): Support cross replica sum on GPU.
  return Unimplemented(
      "Cross replica sum not implemented on GPU. See b/33011107.");
}

Status IrEmitter::HandleParameter(HloInstruction* parameter) {
  return Status::OK();
}

Status IrEmitter::HandleReduce(HloInstruction* reduce, HloInstruction* arg,
                               HloInstruction* init_value,
                               tensorflow::gtl::ArraySlice<int64> dimensions,
                               HloComputation* function) {
  return EmitTargetElementLoop(
      *reduce,
      [=](const llvm_ir::IrArray::Index& index) -> StatusOr<llvm::Value*> {
        // Initialize an accumulator with init_value.
        llvm::AllocaInst* accumulator_addr =
            ir_builder_.CreateAlloca(llvm_ir::PrimitiveTypeToIrType(
                reduce->shape().element_type(), &ir_builder_));
        ir_builder_.CreateStore(
            ir_builder_.CreateLoad(GetBasePointer(*init_value)),
            accumulator_addr);

        // The enclosing loops go over all the target elements. Now we have to
        // compute the actual target element. For this, we build a new loop nest
        // to iterate over all the reduction dimensions in the argument.
        // AddLoopsForShapeOnDimensions will return an Index where induction
        // Value*s are placed for each dimension in dimensions, and all the rest
        // are nullptrs.
        llvm_ir::ForLoopNest loops(IrName(reduce, "inner"), &ir_builder_);
        const llvm_ir::IrArray::Index reduced_dims_index =
            loops.AddLoopsForShapeOnDimensions(arg->shape(), dimensions,
                                               "reduction_dim");

        SetToFirstInsertPoint(loops.GetInnerLoopBodyBasicBlock(), &ir_builder_);

        // Build a full index for the input argument, using reduced_dims_index
        // as the base. In reduced_dims_index only the reduction dimensions are
        // filled in. We fill in the rest of the dimensions with induction
        // Value*s taken from 'index' which iterates over the target array.
        // See the high-level description in the XLA documentation for details.
        llvm_ir::IrArray::Index input_index = reduced_dims_index;
        llvm_ir::IrArray::Index::const_iterator it = index.begin();

        for (size_t i = 0; i < input_index.size(); ++i) {
          if (input_index[i] == nullptr) {
            input_index[i] = *it++;
          }
        }
        CHECK(index.end() == it);

        // Apply the reduction function to the loaded value.
        llvm::Value* input_address =
            GetIrArray(*arg).EmitArrayElementAddress(input_index, &ir_builder_);
        TF_RETURN_IF_ERROR(EmitCallToNestedComputation(
            *function, {accumulator_addr, input_address}, accumulator_addr));

        SetToFirstInsertPoint(loops.GetOuterLoopExitBasicBlock(), &ir_builder_);
        return ir_builder_.CreateLoad(accumulator_addr);
      });
}

Status IrEmitter::HandleFusion(HloInstruction* fusion) {
  // kFusion for library calls should be handled by
  // IrEmitterUnnested::HandleFusion.
  CHECK(HloInstruction::FusionKind::kLoop == fusion->fusion_kind());

  std::vector<llvm_ir::IrArray> parameter_arrays;
  for (HloInstruction* operand : fusion->operands()) {
    parameter_arrays.push_back(GetIrArray(*operand));
  }
  GpuElementalIrEmitter elemental_emitter(hlo_module_config_,
                                          ir_emitter_context_->llvm_module(),
                                          &ir_builder_, GetNestedComputer());
  FusedIrEmitter fused_emitter(parameter_arrays, &elemental_emitter);
  TF_RETURN_IF_ERROR(fusion->fused_expression_root()->Accept(&fused_emitter));

  return EmitTargetElementLoop(*fusion, fused_emitter.GetRootGenerator());
}

Status IrEmitter::HandleCall(HloInstruction* call) {
  std::vector<llvm::Value*> operand_addresses;
  for (HloInstruction* operand : call->operands()) {
    operand_addresses.push_back(GetBasePointer(*operand));
  }
  return EmitCallToNestedComputation(*call->to_apply(), operand_addresses,
                                     GetBasePointer(*call));
}

Status IrEmitter::HandleCustomCall(
    HloInstruction* custom_call,
    tensorflow::gtl::ArraySlice<HloInstruction*> operands,
    tensorflow::StringPiece custom_call_target) {
  return Unimplemented("custom-call");
}

Status IrEmitter::HandleInfeed(HloInstruction* infeed) {
  return Unimplemented("Infeed is not supported on GPU (b/30467474).");
}

Status IrEmitter::HandleOutfeed(HloInstruction* outfeed) {
  return Unimplemented("Outfeed is not supported on GPU (b/34359662).");
}

Status IrEmitter::HandleRng(HloInstruction* random,
                            RandomDistribution /*distribution*/) {
  ElementalIrEmitter::HloToElementGeneratorMap operand_to_generator;
  for (const HloInstruction* operand : random->operands()) {
    operand_to_generator[operand] = [=](const llvm_ir::IrArray::Index& index) {
      return GetIrArray(*operand).EmitReadArrayElement(index, &ir_builder_);
    };
  }
  // Emits a single-threaded loop because the loop body generated by the element
  // generator for Rng can't be parallelized (b/32333178).
  return llvm_ir::LoopEmitter(
             GpuElementalIrEmitter(hlo_module_config_,
                                   ir_emitter_context_->llvm_module(),
                                   &ir_builder_, GetNestedComputer())
                 .MakeElementGenerator(random, operand_to_generator),
             GetIrArray(*random), &ir_builder_)
      .EmitLoop(IrName(random));
}

llvm_ir::IrArray::Index IrEmitter::EmitOperandArrayLoopNest(
    const llvm_ir::IrArray& operand_array, int64 reduction_dimension,
    tensorflow::StringPiece name_suffix, llvm_ir::ForLoopNest* loop_nest) {
  // Prepares the dimension list we will use to emit the loop nest. Outermost
  // loops are added first. Add loops in major-to-minor order, and skip the
  // reduction dimension.
  std::vector<int64> dimensions;
  const Shape& shape = operand_array.GetShape();
  for (int i = shape.layout().minor_to_major_size() - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
    int64 dimension = shape.layout().minor_to_major(i);
    if (dimension != reduction_dimension) {
      dimensions.push_back(dimension);
    }
  }

  // Create loop nest with one for-loop for each dimension of the
  // output.
  llvm_ir::IrArray::Index index =
      loop_nest->AddLoopsForShapeOnDimensions(shape, dimensions, name_suffix);
  // Verify every dimension except the reduction dimension was set in the index.
  for (size_t dimension = 0; dimension < index.size(); ++dimension) {
    if (dimension == reduction_dimension) {
      DCHECK_EQ(nullptr, index[dimension]);
    } else {
      DCHECK_NE(nullptr, index[dimension]);
    }
  }
  return index;
}

StatusOr<llvm::Value*> IrEmitter::ComputeNestedElement(
    const HloComputation& computation,
    tensorflow::gtl::ArraySlice<llvm::Value*> parameter_elements) {
  llvm::Value* return_buffer = llvm_ir::EmitAllocaAtFunctionEntry(
      llvm_ir::PrimitiveTypeToIrType(
          computation.root_instruction()->shape().element_type(), &ir_builder_),
      "return_buffer", &ir_builder_);
  std::vector<llvm::Value*> parameter_buffers;
  for (llvm::Value* parameter_element : parameter_elements) {
    parameter_buffers.push_back(llvm_ir::EmitAllocaAtFunctionEntry(
        parameter_element->getType(), "parameter_buffer", &ir_builder_));
    ir_builder_.CreateStore(parameter_element, parameter_buffers.back());
  }
  TF_RETURN_IF_ERROR(EmitCallToNestedComputation(computation, parameter_buffers,
                                                 return_buffer));
  return ir_builder_.CreateLoad(return_buffer);
}

}  // namespace gpu
}  // namespace xla


After early breakfast.Drive to Lake Nakuru for Amboseli. Arrival will be in time for lunch and you will be checked in to Lodge or Camp. The afternoon will entail a game drive as well as see Kilimanjaro if the weather is clear. In the evening you will head back to the Safari Camp or Lodge for dinner and spend the night.


During this year's Mercedes-Benz Swim Week, there was a Brazilian Invasion in Miami. Brazilian interior brand ORNARE, hosted their exclusive event entitled "Miami Hot" at their Design District showroom, where invited guests sipped champagne, enjoyed tasty treats, and listened to sounds by Brazilian DJ Jota.
ORANRE, whose high-end interiors such as closets and baths, have been featured in hot Miami properties such as Viceroy and Acqualina, also celebrated up-and-coming real estate projects such as Grove at Grand Bay and South of Fifth's Glass. Attendees included Haute-listers Pedro and David Martin of The Terra Group (who are behind the Grove project), ORANRE director Claudio Faria, amongst other developers and local VIPs.


Revocable living trusts are an important tool that can be used to protect your wealth. However, there are limitations on the ways that a living trust can keep your money and property safe. There are also alternative tools that you might wish to use to provide broader protection — but they involve giving up much more control over your wealth and losing flexibility.
Protecting your property and ensuring that your loved ones can inherit your wealth after you are gone can be a complicated process, and choosing the right trust or asset protection tool can make a huge difference in how financially secure you and your loved ones are.
The Law Office of Michael Robinson, P.C. is here to help you to make use of the legal tools you need to keep your wealth as safe as possible while balancing your need for access. To find out more about how our firm can assist you, give us a call today. You can also read on to learn about what revocable living trusts do — and do not do — in order to protect your wealth.
Revocable living trusts can protect your assets during the course of your lifetime by helping you to ensure that a trusted person is able to manage your money and property if you become incapacitated and unable to manage those assets on your own. The assets that you put into the trust can be managed by your backup trustee in the event of your incapacity, so your loved ones won't have to go to court to have a guardian or conservator named.
Having a guardian appointed takes time and the court might not appoint the person you'd have chosen, and all of this could potentially lead to financially loss. When you've transferred assets to a trust and named a backup trustee to take over management of assets when you're no longer able to do it, you avoid the problems associated with guardianship or conservatorship that could put your wealth at risk.
The creation of a revocable living trust also provides protection for your assets after you pass on. You can ensure your loved ones inherit money and property quickly outside of the probate process. Since the probate process costs money and takes time, substantial loss of the value of an inheritance can occur. The probate process costs around three percent to seven percent of the value of an estate, according to Investopedia. The process can also take around a full year to complete. During that time, there could be financial loss if the assets need to be managed by new owners, rather than just being managed by the executor of an estate.
By creating a revocable living trust to transfer assets through the trust administration process, probate is avoided, the trustee can facilitate the timely transfer of assets, the process will be much more cost-effective, and new owners can immediately take over the management of wealth.
However, there are some ways that revocable living trusts do not protect your wealth. For example, assets held in the trust could still count for purposes of determining if you can qualify for means-tested Medicaid benefits. This means if you need Medicaid to cover nursing home care costs that are not covered by other insurance, you might be unable to get covered because of your trust assets and may have to pay out of pocket. Your assets could also be subject to estate tax and aren't always protected from creditor claims. That's why it's important to talk with an attorney about what type of trust is right for you.
If you are interested in determining if revocable living trusts are the right estate planning tool for you to use, The Law Office of Michael Robinson, P.C. is here to help. We will work closely with you to evaluate all of your options for trust creation and for making use of other asset protection tools to keep your wealth safe and allow you to pass money and property on to loved ones after you are gone. We can also help you to create a legally valid trust document or other documents that you need to protect your assets.
To find out more about how our firm can assist you, join us for a free seminar. You can also give us a call at 585-374-5210 or contact us online today to get your personalized asset protection plans underway.


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Age Limit: Not exceeding 30 years as on the last date of receipt of application.
How to Apply: 1. Age relaxation is applicable only to the post under reserved category, as per Govt. of India norms.
2. Qualification and experience should be from an organization of repute.
3. Mere fulfilling the essential qualification does not guarantee for the selection.
4. Person already in regular time scale service under any Government Department/Organizations are not eligible to apply.
5. Candidates fulfilling the above qualifications and willing to apply for the posts can download the application from the VCRC website (www.vcrc.res.in) and submit the same on or before 22.02.2016 to the Director, Vector Control Research Centre, Medical Complex, Indira Nagar, Puducherry-605 006.
6. Self Attested copies of certificate in proof of Date of birth, Educational Qualification (Certificate/ Statement of marks), Experience as mentioned under essential qualification and Community certificate (SC/ST/ OBC) must be enclosed with the application.
7. The selection to the post will be made by written test only. No travelling allowance will be paid to the candidate for appearing written test.
8. The selected candidates will have no claim for regular appointments in any ICMR Institutes/Centres for continuation of his/her services in any other project.
9. Incomplete applications and the applications received after the last date will be rejected.
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Hi! Sign in to let us know how Armstrnsong Funeral Home Incorporated was?
Kelli D. May 17 .
Linda D...check about your "same owners." Jimmie Armstrong sold out to Cletis Kellione. Jimmie moved to SC. And let me tell you, Cletis is no Jimmie!! He has no people skills. He dislikes this area and the people. Talks about us and says we are inbred and that we don't pay our bills. He wants his money up front...no payments with him. Better do some checking before you sing his praises!
LINDA D. Dec 08 .
Tammy B. Nov 03 .
This is the best funeral home in our small community. The facility is very clean and the staff is courteous to all. They have helped so many families in their time of grief and offer flexible payment plans for those who can't afford final costs of funerals.
Armstrong Funeral Home is the best in our area!
If you've been to or used Armstrnsong Funeral Home Incorporated, leave a review.


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Exciting Moments is an enterprise founded in 2006 in USA. Its primary concern is to organize social events. Weddings, receptions, birthday celebrations, conferences meetings, private, events and etc. as a full service. We customized all of our events for our clients' personal preferences. We provide technical assistance in the selection of venues, accessories, makeup , bouquets for the bride, invitations, accommodation, transport ... Our goal is customer satisfaction, and fill their dreams of a most memorable moment.
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For your next event consider... Balloon decoration by Celebrity Event Décor as the way to make any event truly unique, exciting and unforgettable. Our expert balloon artists, designers and decorators can transform the most nondescript, ordinary, or even downright dull banquet hall or other venue into a very special and magical fantasy world. Events such as weddings, bridal or baby showers, holiday parties, anniversary and birthday celebrations, homecomings, proms, graduation parties, grand openings, fundraisers, corporate events and many, many others can be made truly exceptional.
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Sight & Sound Productions can recreate any place in time, anywhere in the world. Our theme event planners brought the thrill of Las Vegas, the nostalgia of the 60's, the beauty of tropical islands, and many more dreams to our clients. Sight & Sound Productions expertly combines technology with artistry to assure an impressive event. We create your style and vision into extraordinary experiences. Theme event planners skillfully execute all of the logistics -- venue, invitations, décor, entertainment, audiovisual needs, props, and catering.
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But the film is also coming with a major seal of approval. Paige O'Hara, who lent her voice to Belle in the 1991 animated film, told Buzzfeed, "If I were producing the film, I would have cast her. I think she's absolutely perfect for the role."
O'Hara, who was on hand to celebrate the film's 25th anniversary, added that she thinks Emma has "the outward beauty, but she's also got an inward beauty about her, and an old soul. Through mutual people we've sent messages, and I just basically was wishing her all the best and to have a wonderful time."
As for what she's most looking forward to seeing coming to life in the live-action remake? "It was in the snow scene of 'Something There' that we made a specific choice that it hits Belle: She's really falling in love with [the Beast]," she said about the animated film. "I want to see Emma's moment when she realizes she's fallen in love. That will be so exciting."
But lest you think that the film is only a love story, don't get confused. "She was so strong, so independent, and in this day and age she would be for women's rights — she wasn't looking for a prince, she fell in love with a man," O'Hara said about Belle. Of course, you can be a feminist and fall in love at the same time, and Emma is a natural fit for bringing that to life.


NetSuite Inc. (NYSE: N), the industry's leading provider of cloud-based financials / ERP and omnichannel commerce software suites, today announced that international food and coffee brand, Pret A Manger has selected NetSuite OneWorld for finance management. Pret A Manger will replace its existing system with NetSuite OneWorld to manage mission-critical business processes across the UK, US, France, Hong Kong and China, including procure-to-pay, credit-to-cash, global financial consolidation, multicurrency management for five different currencies, including the Euro, US dollar, and British pound, and multi-language capabilities for English, French, Cantonese and more.
Founded in 1986, with a commitment to creating handmade, natural food, Pret A Manger now counts around 390 shops in five markets, serving over 450,000 customers a day. The company sought a financial management system that could support its needs as it grew into new markets, and expanded in current markets.
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The Epcot International Flower & Garden Festival started a few weeks age here at Walt Disney World, and last weekend I finally got the chance to check it out.
For those of you who have never experienced the Flower & Garden Festival at Epcot before, it is a spring special event filled with a colorful array of flowers, gardens, topiaries, live music and educational events. It runs through March 3, 2010 – May 16, 2010.
After admiring all the fine Disney topiaries at the Epcot International Flower & Garden Festival, it made me gain a whole new appreciation for gardeners and gardening; and for a split second there, it was almost enough to make me want to go outside and do some gardening of my own… but no, far too lazy for that so I shall sit here and enjoy typing this blog… a much easier alternative to showing my appreciation.
The Outta Control Magic Comedy Dinner Show – $25 all you can eat pizza, popcorn, beer and wine plus a show… hell yes!


Error when playing back media, graphic problems and now resentment is spreading again: reports of defective keyboard on the macbook Pro are piling in the Apple forums 2016. Affected seems to be especially the 15-inch model. Owner log jammed and crunching keyboard elements and fret about not or incorrectly-responsive keys.
Pending a statement on the part of Apple. There could be that the keyboard mechanism established under the name Butterfly failed his service through dirt. Previously, Apple on his macbook Pro models had put on a different technology. For reasons of space, the manufacturer took over the mechanics used previously only for the 12-inch macbooks now but also for the particularly flat Pro variants. Is: users should be given the exorbitant prices for Apple's precious laptop little enthusiastic about, again technical problems deal with to have to.
In the official Apple Forum and various other online communities reports on new macbook Pro graphics problems piled up shortly after delivery of the first devices : The use of photo – and video applications raises display errors that manifest themselves in wild flickering and artifact formation and in the worst case resulted in the crash of the system. A restart of the computer apparently only temporarily provides relief. Believed the reports, are all models of the new series equally affected devices with an Intel-IRIS graphics chip as well as the variants with a Radeon Pro graphics card have the faulty behavior on.
Driver problem or hardware failure?
Obvious would be a driver problem that would be also and more desirable variant, because the solution through a software update to bring here. A hardware defect is also conceivable. Some users suspect that the cooling system of the very flat calculator for the failures could be responsible. Apple did not comment yet on the issues. Given the high number of complaints circulating on the net is likely did not last long let them wait on themselves. Reported in a survey of our site nearly 2,000 users, to have problems with their new macbook Pro.


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The Every Student Succeeds Act: An ESSA Overview
Every Student Succeeds Act Explainer
By Alyson Klein — March 31, 2016 7 min read
The new Every Student Succeeds Act rolls back much of the federal government's big footprint in education policy, on everything from testing and teacher quality to low-performing schools. And it gives big new leeway to states in calling the shots. That's a big change from the No Child Left Behind Act, which ESSA replaced and updated. Education Week's Alyson Klein unpacks the details of the new law and what it means for schools, educators, and students. Our full backgrounder on this issue is available here: http://www.edweek.org/ew/issues/every-student-succeeds-act/index.html. The latest news on ESSA is available here: http://www.edweek.org/topics/every-student-succeeds-act/index.html Education Week Video
The new Every Student Succeeds Act, signed into law Dec. 10, 2015, rolls back much of the federal government's big footprint in education policy, on everything from testing and teacher quality to low-performing schools. And it gives new leeway to states in calling the shots.
That's a big change from the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), which ESSA replaced and updated.
The Every Student Succeeds Act takes full effect in the 2017-18 school year. Below are key elements of the law.
Accountability Plans
States still have to submit accountability plans to the Education Department. These new ESSA plans will start in the 2017-18 school year. The names of peer-reviewers have to be made public. A state can get a hearing if the department turns down its plan.
Accountability Goals
States can pick their own goals, both a big long-term goal, and smaller, interim goals. These goals must address: proficiency on tests, English-language proficiency, and graduation rates.
Goals have to set an expectation that all groups that are furthest behind close gaps in achievement and graduation rates.
Accountability Systems
Elementary and Middle Schools
States need to incorporate at least four indicators into their accountability systems. The menu includes three academic indicators: proficiency on state tests, English-language proficiency, plus some other academic factor that can be broken out by subgroup, which could be growth on state tests.
States are required to add at least one additional indicator of a very different kind. Possibilities include: student engagement, educator engagement, access to and completion of advanced coursework, postsecondary readiness, school climate/safety, or whatever else the state thinks makes sense.
States have to figure in participation rates on state tests. (Schools with less than 95 percent participation are supposed to have that included, somehow.) But participation rate is a stand-alone factor, not a separate indicator on its own.
High schools will be judged by basically the same set of indicators, except that graduation rates will have to be part of the mix. They could take the place of a second academic indicator.
Weighing the Indicators
It will be up to the states to decide how much the individual indicators will count, although the academic factors (tests, graduation rates, etc.) will have to count "much" more as a group than the indicators that get at students' opportunity to learn and post-secondary readiness.
Low-Performing Schools
States have to identify and intervene in the bottom 5 percent of performers. These schools have to be identified at least once every three years.
States have to identify and intervene in high schools where the graduation rate is 67 percent or less.
States, with districts, have to identify schools where subgroups of students are struggling.
School Interventions
For the bottom 5 percent of schools and for high schools with high dropout rates:
Districts will work with teachers and school staff to come up with an evidence-based plan.
States will monitor the turnaround effort.
If schools continue to founder, after no more than four years the state will be required to step in with its own plan. A state could take over the school if it wanted, or fire the principal, or turn the school into a charter.
Districts could also allow for public school choice out of seriously low-performing schools, but they have to give priority to the students who need it most.
For schools where subgroup students are struggling:
Schools have to come up with an evidence-based plan to help the particular group of students who are falling behind, such as minority students or those in special education.
Districts must monitor these plans. If the school continues to fall short, the district would step in, though there's no specified timeline.
Importantly, there's also a provision calling for states and districts to come up with a "comprehensive improvement plan" in schools where subgroups are chronically underperforming, despite local interventions.
The School Improvement Grant program is consolidated into the bigger Title I pot, which helps districts educate students in poverty. States could set aside up to 7 percent of all their Title I funds for school improvement, up from 4 percent in current law.
States still have to test students in reading and math in grades 3 through 8 and once in high school, and break out the data for whole schools, plus different "subgroups" of students (English-learners, students in special education, racial minorities, those in poverty). ESSA maintains the federal requirement for 95 percent participation in tests.
States are prohibited from combining different sets of students into so-called "super subgroups" for accountability purposes.
Up to seven states can apply to try out local tests for a limited time, with the permission of the U.S. Department of Education.
Districts can use local, nationally recognized tests at the high school level, with state permission, such as the SAT or ACT.
States can create their own testing opt-out laws, and states decide what should happen in schools that miss targets.
States are required to adopt "challenging" academic standards. That could be the Common Core State Standards, but doesn't have to be.
The U.S. Secretary of Education is expressly prohibited from forcing or even encouraging states to pick a particular set of standards (including the common core).
Transition From the No Child Left Behind Act
Waivers from the NCLB law are null and void on Aug. 1, 2016, but states still have to continue supporting their lowest-performing schools ("priority schools") and schools with big achievement gaps ("focus schools") until their new ESSA plans kicked in.
In general, ESSA applies to any competitive federal grants given out after Oct. 1, 2016, so most grants are still under the NCLB version of the law for the rest of this school year.
Accountability for English-language learners moves from Title III (the English-language acquisition section of the ESEA) to Title I (where everyone else's accountability is). The idea is to make accountability for those students a priority.
States can include English-language learners' test scores after they have been in the country a year, as under current law.
During that first year, those students' test scores won't count toward a school's rating, but ELLs will need to take both of the assessments, and have the results publicly reported. In the second year, the state has to incorporate ELLs' results for both reading and math, using some measure of growth. And in their third year in the country, the proficiency scores of newly arrived ELLs will be treated just like any other students'.
Students in Special Education
Only 1 percent of students overall can be given alternative tests. (That's about 10 percent of students in special education.)
Block Grant
A new $1.6 billion block grant consolidates dozens of programs, including some involving physical education, Advanced Placement, school counseling, and education technology.
Districts that get more than $30,000 have to spend at least 20 percent of their funding on at least one activity that helps students become well-rounded, and another 20 percent on at least one activity that helps students be safe and healthy. And part of the money can be spent on technology.
The Every Student Succeeds Act was signed by President Barack Obama on Dec. 10, 2015.
Some programs live on as separate line items, including the 21st Century Community Learning Centers.
New or Existing
The ESSA enshrines the Preschool Development Grant program in law and focuses it on program coordination, quality, and broadening access to early-childhood education. But the program is housed at the Department of Health and Human Services, jointly administered by the Education Department.
A new, evidence-based research and innovation program is created, described by some as similar to the Obama administration's Investing in Innovation program.
Other highlights include a standalone program for parent engagement, along with reservations for arts education, gifted and talented education, and Ready to Learn television.
Weighted Student Funding
A pilot program will let 50 districts try out a weighted student-funding formula, combining state, local, and federal funds to better serve low-income students and those with special needs.
States will no longer have to do teacher evaluation through student outcomes, as they did under NCLB waivers.
The NCLB law's "highly qualified teacher" requirement is officially a thing of the past.
The former Teacher Incentive Fund—now called the Teacher and School Leader Innovation Program—will provide grants to districts that want to try out performance pay and other teacher-quality improvement measures. ESSA also includes resources for helping train teachers on literacy and STEM.
Funding and Other Issues
The current Title I funding formula remains intact, but there are some changes to the Title II formula (which funds teacher quality) that will be a boon to rural states.
Maintenance of effort will remain in place, requiring states to keep up their own spending at a particular level in order to tap federal funds.
Alyson Klein
Assistant Editor, Education Week
Alyson Klein is an assistant editor for Education Week.
Low Performing Schools High Stakes Testing No Child Left Behind Act Federal Policy
U.S. Department of Education's ESSA Page
Special Report: Inside the New Federal K-12 Law
Video: Education Secretary John B. King Jr. Discusses ESSA
No Child Left Behind: An Overview
Klein, A. (2016, March 31). The Every Student Succeeds Act: An ESSA Overview. Education Week. Retrieved Month Day, Year from https://www.edweek.org/policy-politics/the-every-student-succeeds-act-an-ESSA-overview/2016/03
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Every Student Succeeds Act Biden Education Department Approves One Request to Cancel State Tests But Rejects Others
Evie Blad & Andrew Ujifusa, April 7, 2021
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Every Student Succeeds Act Republicans Tell Miguel Cardona His Plan for ESSA Waivers Seems to Violate the Law
The Every Student Succeeds Act doesn't permit the education secretary to seek certain data he's asking for, the two GOP lawmakers say.
Andrew Ujifusa
White House press secretary Jen Psaki, left, listens as Education Secretary Miguel Cardona, center, speaks during a press briefing at the White House on March 17, 2021.
Andrew Harnik/AP
Every Student Succeeds Act How Will ESSA Hold Up During COVID-19? Pandemic Tests the Law's Resilience
Lawmakers designed ESSA to limit mandates covering issues like how tests are used. Will that affect how well the law survives the pandemic?
Every Student Succeeds Act Betsy DeVos Tells States Not to Expect Waivers From Annual Tests
The tests required by federal law are crucial to helping schools respond to the coronavirus pandemic and help vulnerable students, the education secretary said in a letter to chief state school officers.
Every Student Succeeds Act Top DeVos Deputy: Our 'Instinct' Is to Not Give States Testing Waivers Next Year
"Accountability aside, we need to know where students are so we can address their needs," Assistant Secretary of Education Jim Blew said during remarks at the Education Writers Association's National Seminar.
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"A Moon Shaped Pool" is the ninth studio album by the English rock band Radiohead. It was released as a download on 8 May 2016, backed by the singles "Burn the Witch" and "Daydreaming". CD and LP editions will be released on 17 June 2016 through XL Recordings, followed by a "special edition" in September containing additional artwork and two additional tracks.
Radiohead worked on A Moon Shaped Pool intermittently after finishing the 2012 tour for their previous album, The King of Limbs (2011), recording in southern France with long-time producer Nigel Godrich. It includes several songs written and performed some years earlier; "True Love Waits" dates to at least 1995, "Burn the Witch" to 2000, and "Present Tense" to 2008. The album features strings and choral vocals arranged by multi-instrumentalist Jonny Greenwood and performed by the London Contemporary Orchestra.
A Moon Shaped Pool has a score of 86 out of 100 on the review aggregator website Metacritic, indicating "universal acclaim."


If you have tried and failed to learn to read standard music notation for the mandolin or fiddle using traditional methods or you have never tried and want to, this book is for you. Learn to play from music in the mandolin- and fiddle-friendly major keys of C, G, D, A, F, and B-flat and their relative minor keys. Also learn to play in various time signatures including 4/4 (common time), 2/2 (cut time), 3/4 (waltz), and 6/8 (jig). You will also be taught to recognize and play whole notes, half notes, quarter notes, and eighth notes. Audio Available for download online.


Blair's dance party was this week, and we had to send treats for each student in her class, and I wanted to do something cute. My mom came to visit over the weekend, so we got busy! These work well with two people. Otherwise it would have taken me all day!
I melted a bag of Ghirardelli white chocolate chips with about 1/2 tablespoon of Crisco. We dipped one end of the cookie in the chocolate and sprinkled it with red sugar while wet, leaving some white for the hat rim. The sugar works better with the sifter top off so that it pours. We poured the sugar over wax paper so that we could put the extra sugar back into the bottle.
Before the chocolate dried, we took a white chocolate chip and added it to one side for the ball on the hat. For each one, I touched the flat part of the chip to the back of the cookie to get a little melted chocolate on it so that it would stick to the sugar well.
We placed them on a wire rack and set them aside to dry.
I melted another bag of white chocolate chips and dipped the bottom half of the cookie for Santa's beard. I dipped them so that there was a curve around the face.
Then we used a wooden skewer to dab white chocolate onto the cookie for the eyes and nose. We used candy ball eyes and red hot noses. I had the red hots on hand, but next time I'll use red mini M&Ms. The red hot taste doesn't go with the cookie to me.
The cookies are oh so precious and yum yummy too!
And Blair ended up running fever and not being able to go (story of our life since October!), so we are now enjoying these cute Santas at home!
Ash, those are really cool! Your Uncle Johnny would love those!!


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Riecy G
The Rickey Smiley Morning Show
DJ CASS
KrisKaylin
Ed Sheeran confirms he's married to Cherry Seaborn
Ed Sheeran has revealed that he's a married man.
The British singer-songwriter confirmed he wed his childhood friend, Cherry Seaborn, in an interview with iHeartRadio's Charlamagne Tha God about his new collaboration album.
Sheeran said the two had tied the knot while discussing the lyrics of his new song with Eminem and 50 Cent, "Remember My Name," in which he calls Seaborn his "wife."
"Watch how the lyrics in the songs might get twisted / My wife wears red, but looks better without the lipstick," the lyrics go.
Sheeran said he had written those lyrics before he and Seaborn made their marriage official.
"It was actually before me and Cherry got married, and I knew that we'd be married by the point that the song came out," Sheeran said. "Someone's gonna hear that and be like, 'Oh, they're married!' I didn't know how that would be construed, but obviously it's already come out."
The 28-year-old announced that he and Seaborn were engaged in January 2018.
The two have known each other since they were children, but they didn't start dating until Sheeran invited her to Taylor Swift's Fourth of July part in 2015, the singer told People Magazine.
The Huffington Post Responds To Ben Carson's Comparison Of African Slaves To Immigrants
The Huffington Post's Julia Craven responds to Ben Carson with an article titled "Enslaved Africans Do Not Count As Immigrants" Click here to read.
Actress Zoe Saldana Welcomes A Third Child!
The actress shared the news on her Instagram page. She had a baby boy named Zen. Click here for the story and photos!
Retired WNBA Player Candice Wiggins Says Players Hated Her Because She Wasn't A Lesbian
The former player tells the press "I would say 98 percent of the women in the WNBA are gay women." "People were deliberately trying to hurt me all of the time." Click here for the story.
Michael Jackson's Thriller Certified 33X Platinum
The RIAA (Recording Industry Of America), officially certifies Michael Jackson's album "Thriller" 33X platinum! It's the only album ever to achieve the milestone! Click here for the story.
Netflix has cut graphic suicide scene from first season of '13 Reasons Why'
Austin Butler will play Elvis in a biopic from Baz Luhrmann
'Making the Band' is coming back to MTV in 2020
Kim Kardashian West shares Saint and Psalm photo
Pink responds to criticism over her kids running through Holocaust memorial
Don't be surprised when 'Big Little Lies' isn't nominated for any Emmys this year
Come back soon to participate in our next poll!


Contact Matthew Leitch by email at matthew@workinginuncertainty.co.uk, by Skype at matthew.leitch4, or by telephone on +44 (0) 1372 815 856. Alternatively find me on Linked In.
I am always pleased to hear from people with some interests in common and will do my best to help you. If you just want to be notified of new publications then use the button below. Otherwise, the best approach is usually to email me suggesting an initial conversation by phone or Skype.


text: Q: Terraform 12 Multiple State Files for each AWS resource on multiple environments Trying to maintain Terraform configuration files in a separate directory path for each AWS resources like Network(VPC, Subnet, NACL, Route Table etc), Security Groups, EC2 Instances(Including ELB and Autoscaling), RDS and Route53. With this setup, Can someone help me with the inputs on how to get the outputs of the subnet Id and the security groups id referenced while creating the instances provided their state files will be maintained in S3 bucket on different folders. Terraform AWS Provider access key, secret key, and S3 back end parameters are passed through Jenkins while doing a plan and apply.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Serena Williams & Natalie Portman discuss their new NWSL team they will bring to L.A. #NWSLtoLA2022
Uploaded by Patricia Foley on July 26, 2020 at 6:06 am
Serena Williams & Natalie Portman discuss their new NWSL team they will bring to L.A. #NWSLtoLA2022
The NWSL has announced a new 2022 expansion team "Angel City Football Club" awarded to the City of Los Angeles. Its ownership group consists of sports and Hollywood a-listers such as Serena Williams, Mia Hamm, Natalie Portman, Abby Wambach, Alexis Ohanian, Jessica Chastain, Uzo Aduba, Joy Fawcett, Eva Longoria, Lauren Cheney Holiday, and more.
https://www.nwslsoccer.com/news/article/national-womens-soccer-league-awards-expansion-team-rights-to-los-angeles
The NWSL has announced a new 2022 expansion team "Angel City Football Club" awarded to the City of Los Angeles. Its ownership group consists of sports and Hollywood a-listers such as Serena Williams, Mia Hamm, Natalie Portman, Abby Wambach, Alexis Ohanian, Jessica Chastain, Uzo Aduba, Joy Fawcett, Eva Longoria, Lauren Cheney Holiday, and more.
Tags: &amp, #NWSLtoLA2022, bring, discuss, L.A., Natalie, NWSL, Portman, Serena, Team, their, They, Williams
Natalie Portman, Serena Williams Launching Women's Pro Soccer Team In L.A. | TMZ
by Hugh Weston
After Show: Natalie Portman on the New NWSL L.A. Team | WWHL
by Cathy Young
NATALIE PORTMAN SPEARHEADS STAR-STUDDED GROUP TO BRING WOMEN'S SOCCER TEAM TO L.A.
by Diane Robinson
eating like vegan celebrities for a week | Lizzo, Billie Eilish, Natalie Portman & more
Hilyfe Ocean says:
They won a total of 4 World Cup championships but the last two are consecutive back to back ('15 and '19).


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How Active Directory Is Being Leveraged in Phishing Attacks
The threat vector of phishing attacks continues to expand--most recently, into Microsoft AD.
Brien Posey | Nov 30, 2020
A new type of phishing attack has recently been seen in the wild, and what makes it unique among phishing attacks is that it leverages real-time Microsoft Active Directory validation of stolen credentials. In this article I will provide a brief explanation of how the attack works, and then discuss why this particular attack is so significant and what it may mean for our organizations going forward.
Phishing attacks that are designed to steal credentials are really nothing new. They've been around for years. There are any number of variations in the ways that these types of attacks work. At a high level, though, victims typically receive an email message containing a link to a site that is meant to mimic a legitimate website. The site's domain name may be misspelled or otherwise obfuscated, but the message is designed to trick recipients into thinking that the link is legitimate. When users click on the link, they are taken to a screen that asks for a username and password. This screen is often designed to look like something that the victims will be familiar with, such as the Microsoft 365 login page.
At this point, victims enter their credentials, which are added to a credential harvesting database. The site might then silently redirect victims to a legitimate login page in hopes that they will simply think they entered their credentials incorrectly and won't realize that their credentials were just stolen.
Although this particular attack method is effective, it has at least one problem (from the perspective of the attacker): There is no way of knowing if the credentials users entered are good. Users could accidentally mistype their passwords, or they might old passwords that have since been changed.
The phishing attack that was recently seen in the wild--like other phishing attacks designed to expand the threat vector--was designed to overcome this limitation. After baiting victims into entering a set of credentials, the malicious website leveraged a publicly available API and performed real-time credential validation within Azure Active Directory. In other words, the attacker was able to find out right away whether credentials were good.
There is strong evidence to suggest that the attack was highly targeted, rather than being random. At any rate, it is difficult to deny the attack's significance. In fact, there are a few things about this attack that really stick out in my mind.
First, even though this particular attack was targeted, there is no reason why it couldn't be used on a more random basis. If a user authenticates by using an email address and password, the user's email address could be used to determine the name of the domain that holds the user's credentials. It would then be relatively easy to leverage the same API that was used in the recent attack to validate the credentials submitted by the user (assuming that the organization uses Azure AD).
A bigger worry for me is that if this type of attack could be made to work at scale, it could change the way that passwords are sold on the dark web.
Consider for a moment the way spammers operated roughly 15 years ago. Back then, spammers were creating massive lists of email addresses and selling the lists to other spammers. Spammers would use various mechanisms to find out which recipients had actually opened spam emails because the act of opening such a message proved that the email address was valid and that it belonged to someone who was inclined to open spam. As such, spammers sold these addresses at a premium price.
My guess is that in the not-too-distant future we will see hackers doing something similar with passwords. Passwords have been sold on the dark web for years, but an attacker with an entrepreneurial spirit could conceivably build a database of passwords that have been verified, so that those passwords could be sold at a premium price. The attacker could even go so far as to build a mechanism that allows customers to verify at the time of purchase that the passwords are still good.
The best thing that an organization can do to mitigate this type of attack is to move away from the use of passwords and adopt some other type of authentication. If that isn't a realistic option, then consider taking more aggressive action against inbound messages. This might include automatically stripping links and attachments from messages arriving from the outside world.
TAGS: Mobile Management and Security
How AI May Finally Win the War Against Email Phishing Attacks
Office 365 Phishing Attacks Are on the Rise
Fighting Phishing in the Age of DevSecOps: How IT Pros Can Help
IT Can Learn a Thing or Two from This $100M Email Phishing Case


text:
Stéphane Augé (Pau, 6 december 1974) is een voormalig Frans wielrenner en tegenwoordig ploegleider bij het Franse Cofidis.

Carrière
De in wielerstad Pau geboren Stéphane Augé werd beroepswielrenner in 2000 bij Festina en reed vervolgens bij Jean Delatour, Crédit Agricole en Cofidis. Augé was een helper die af en toe voor zijn eigen kans ging, met name tijdens niet al te heuvelachtige wedstrijden. Augé stond er om bekend altijd in de vluchtersgroep te zitten in de eerste rit in lijn van de Tour de France.

Belangrijkste overwinningen
2000
 5e etappe Ronde van Poitou-Charentes

2002
 6e etappe Ronde van Duitsland

2006
 2e etappe Ronde van de Limousin
 5e etappe Ronde van Polen

2007
 GP Cholet

2008
 1e etappe + eindklassement Vierdaagse van Duinkerke
 7e etappe Ronde van Duitsland

2010
 Bergklassement Ronde van Picardië

Resultaten in voornaamste wedstrijden

|
|}

Externe link

Frans wielrenner
Frans wielerploegleider

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The Milken Archive of American Jewish Music (Archive) creates and preserves for posterity the fullest possible context of Jewish life in America. Working with many of the world's greatest musicians and conductors, the Archive has recorded over 600 works by more than 200 composers – a treasure available through the Archive's virtual museum website, which is organized into 20 thematic volumes and includes important oral histories based on hundreds of hours of interviews. A catalogue of 50 Milken Archive CD's on the Naxos American Classic label is now available worldwide. Producer David Frost won a GRAMMY© as Producer of the Year, Classical, for his work on five Milken Archive recordings; and a radio series, "American Jewish Music from the Milken Archive with Leonard Nimoy," continues to air. The Archive believes that virtuoso performances of great works of music- from symphonies to synagogue services, Yiddish theater to opera, chamber works to cantorial masterpieces - can touch people of all faiths and cultures while providing Jews with an invaluable link to their heritage.
"The Milken Archive, which began in 1990 with a dream and a vision, has grown exponentially. With the spiritual and worldly experiences of so many extraordinary and diverse talents, the project continues to provide new insights and meaning. These remarkable contributions will ensure that the Milken Archive will outlive my own generation and be very much alive for my children's children and on into the future."


Save the environment one adorably designed reusable shopper at a time! Never buy another grocery bag, ever! Don't miss the new shape with a tapered top! Great for buying books, groceries, wine... Just imagine the amount of straight-up respect you'll get at checkout.


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Intel wants your next PC to have no wires
Intel wants to completely eliminate wires from computers, and is working on a series of wireless technologies to make that a reality in the coming years.
PCs are on the way to a "true no-wire" experience, and Intel is working on technologies to remove the clutter of power cords, display connectors and peripheral cables, said Kirk Skaugen, senior vice president, and general manager of the PC Client Group at Intel, during a speech at the Computex trade show in Taipei.
Intel is working on new wireless charging, docking, display and data transfer technologies. Skaugen shared details of the new wireless technologies and provided demonstrations of how they would work during the keynote.
Intel's hoping for a completely wire-free PC by 2016. The company will deliver a reference design of a Core processor code-named Skylake—which will succeed the next generation Broadwell chip—that will enable wireless docking, charging, display and data transfers.
Perhaps the biggest element in Intel's vision of a wire-free computer is the wireless technology to carry display and data signals. Intel wants to eliminate all wires from desktops with WiGig technology, which is three times faster than the latest 802.11ac Wi-Fi technology.
The WiGig wireless connection will connect desktops to displays, and also enable wireless keyboards and mice, Skaugen said. Intel is developing WiGig modules for laptops, desktops and high-resolution displays. WiGig has the potential to replace HDMI and DisplayPort technologies, and wireless modules could be integrated in PCs as early as next year, Skaugen said.
Dell already offers a WiGig dock as a bridge between monitors and PCs. The next step to a dock is to get the WiGig modules inside the computers, Skaugen said.
Intel is also chasing wireless charging. Laptops and tablets will be able to recharge simply by putting them on tables or other surfaces, much like smartphones and tablets, Skaugen said. Intel is leading the development of new wireless charging specification that will support power delivery of 20 watts and more to enable magnetic resonance wireless charging of laptops.
Skaugen showed a laptop being charged wirelessly when placed on a table. The screen got brighter as the laptop got closer to the table, indicating that the PC was being wirelessly charged. Skaugen also showed a Lenovo Yoga laptop with wireless charging.
Intel also announced it had joined A4WP, a group that defines a wireless charging specifications based on magnetic resonance. PC makers like Fujitsu, Dell and others also joined the organization. Samsung and Qualcomm are already members of A4WP.
Besides a wire-free experience, Intel also wants to make computers more interactive. PCs with 3D cameras will ship by the end of this year, Skaugen said. The 3D cameras will be able to go deeper inside images and track depth, similar to how human eyes do. The depth images will help track movement, recognize human emotions, or even track down reading habits. It is part of Intel's perceptual computing effort, in which sensory input makes human interaction with the computer easier.


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Korean MMA fighter gets 10-month jail term for taking bribe in match fixing scam
South Korean mixed martial arts fighter Bang Tae-hyun was sentenced to 10 months in prison by a local court Friday for his involvement in a match fixing scam. The Seoul Central District Court said Bang was found guilty of taking a bribe of 100 million won ($92,160) from match-fixing brokers in exchange for throwing a bout at the Ultimate Fighting Championship event in South Korea in 2015. Three brokers who handed mon...
By Yonhap
Published : Nov 24, 2017 - 15:21
Updated : Nov 24, 2017 - 15:21
South Korean mixed martial arts fighter Bang Tae-hyun was sentenced to 10 months in prison by a local court Friday for his involvement in a match fixing scam.
The Seoul Central District Court said Bang was found guilty of taking a bribe of 100 million won ($92,160) from match-fixing brokers in exchange for throwing a bout at the Ultimate Fighting Championship event in South Korea in 2015. Three brokers who handed money to Bang also received jail terms for their misdeed.
"The crime of match fixing damages the credibility of sport, and in international matches, it has a bad effect on the country's credibility as well," the court said. "Bang had an obligation to play the game fairly, but he ignored it and took an important role in the scheme. But we did take into consideration that Bang won the bout and returned the money afterwards."
In this file photo taken Nov. 28, 2015, South Korean mixed martial arts (MMA) fighter Bang Tae-hyun (R) competes with Leo Kuntz of the United States during their lightweight bout at UFC Fight Night 79 at Olympic Gymnastics Arena in Seoul. (Yonhap)
According to the investigative authorities, Bang agreed to lose the first two rounds against Leo Kuntz at UFC Fight Night 79 in Seoul on Nov. 28, 2015. The scam, however, didn't succeed, as the lightweight fighter apparently changed his mind at the last moment and went on to beat Kuntz in a split decision.
Bang reportedly decided not to throw the match after UFC officials warned him about fight fixing following a sudden shift in betting patterns on gambling websites. The 34-year-old was first listed as the slight favorite against Kuntz, but just hours before the fight, UFC officials caught drastic changes in odds that made him the underdog and his American opponent the overwhelming favorite.
Bang is no longer with the UFC, the world's largest MMA promotion. After the UFC event in Seoul, Bang fought once more in Germany last year at UFC Fight Night 93, where he lost to Nick Hein by unanimous decision.
Bang became the seventh South Korean to enter the Octagon after he signed with the UFC in late 2013. He posted two wins and three losses with the US-based MMA promotion. (Yonhap)