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The Kabuliwala of Kolkata: Photo exhibition about a community longing for Afghanistan that once was home
Author: Nazes Afroz
Kabuliwala. Two members of the community. These two live in Kolkata for nearly 60 years. Photo: Nazes Afroz and Moska Najib
In the suburbs of Kolkata, India, lives, in seclusion, a little known community of migrants who once came from Afghanistan – the first of them around the year of 1840. Kabuliwala they are called, and the today 5000 people have managed to preserve the way of life they brought from Paktia, Paktika and Ghazni. Inspired by Indian historic literature about the community, Moska Najib and Nazes Afroz, two journalists and photographers, searched for and found the Kabuliwala of Kolkata and documented their lives in photographs over the course of two years. Their work (supported by Goethe Institute) can now – and until 1 April – be seen in an exhibition in the Afghanistan Center at Kabul University (ACKU). On Wednesday, 25 March, Nazes Afroz will official open it with a lecture and a discussion from 2 to 4 pm. For AAN, he summarises what he and Moska Najib found out about the Kabuliwala and some of their very personal encounters.
It was a day in October 2012, and we had taken the local commuter train to go to Titagarh in the suburbs of Kolkata. It was supposed to be our first visit in a community local Indians had once known as the Kabuliwala. Our main contacts with the community, Amir Khan and another 'Khan', were waiting for us at a teashop just outside the station. Tea was offered to us – we tried to pay, but in true Afghan fashion Amir Khan brushed aside our attempt.
We then rode along on their motorcycles to a "Khan Kothi" – a local name for residences of Kabuliwala. A group of elderly Kabuliwalas had already gathered to meet us. As we entered the living room, we experienced a slice of Afghanistan. The red carpet, the reclining sitting arrangements on the floor along the walls, the flask of tea, and the presence of a few aged bearded men in typical Afghan attires and loose turbans – every element of an Afghan setting was there in that room in the northern suburbs of Kolkata. Much later I realised that it was a jirga for which they had assembled to discuss and decide if they wanted to participate in the photographic project about their community that we had proposed.
Our first meeting ended with an Afghan style meal of bread, rice, meat and yogurt, everyone eating from the same platter. They had accepted us.
A famous short story
The first time, I had heard about the Kabuliwala was as a child. The Bengali writer, poet, philosopher, educationist and Asia's first Nobel laureate in literature, Rabindranath Tagore, had published a short story called Kabuliwala in 1892. As a Bengali, I grew up with Tagore's writings, and Kabuliwala was a must read for any child. It still is. The story revolves around the friendship between the five year-old daughter of a Bengali writer, Mini, and a middle-aged Afghan, Rahmat, who used to visit the house to sell dry fruits. Rahmat was a Kabuliwala. The story of this friendship has transcended time and cultures and was translated into dozens of foreign languages including Farsi. It was also made into two hugely successful films both called "Kabuliwala" – one in Bengali and one in Hindi, in 1959 and 1961 respectively.
Through this story, Tagore introduced the Afghan community in Kolkata to the Bengalis and subsequently to other Indians. They now vaguely understood the geography of Afghanistan and also created an image of the Afghan people. In the eyes of many Indians, they were all like Rahmat. The story made them feel close to Afghans, and they still look at them with a lot of sympathy. Tagore must have had many encounters with the community, otherwise a story like Kabuliwala would not have been possible. There will be hardly any reader who will not feel a lump in the throat finishing the story.
Piecing together history
After the first meeting and meal together, I went back to the community many times, learning more about their lives. Every time I entered their homes, I felt how they had created a little Afghanistan not only in their living rooms but also in their mind space – although many of them were born in Kolkata.
There is no written documentation of the community, no research has been done on the Kabuliwala of Kolkata. They themselves did not keep any documents either. The only written reference is the story of Tagore. By piecing together from what they told me, and by reading some history, this is what I have been able to conclude.
Even though they are called Kabuliwala (here, the suffix 'wala' indicates the origin of a person from Kabul) many of the men in the settlement never even set foot in Kabul. They, all Pashto speakers, were mostly hailing from two provinces from the south of Afghanistan – Paktia and Paktika. A few had come from Ghazni (or their ancestors had).
The community possibly started arriving in Kolkata from the middle of the 19th century. This also fits with the first Anglo-Afghan war happening from 1839. As Kolkata was the headquarters of the British Indian Army, it is quite likely that some Afghans from the south of the country, along with the army (the military campaign went not via the eastern Jalalabad route, but the southern route) made their way to Kolkata in search of livelihood. Kolkata, at the time, was the biggest and the most thriving city of British India, so the Kabuliwala found opportunities of doing business there. They brought local produce – mainly dry fruit and hing (asafoetida, dried latex exuded from an herbal plant native to Afghan mountains) to sell them to middle class Bengali homes.
Kabuliwalas hawking their merchandise in the residential quarters of Kolkata and other small towns nearby became a familiar sight for the Bengalis through most of the 20th century. This is also how the community started to feature in Bengali literature, particularly after the publication of Tagore's Kabuliwala. By then, the Kabuliwala also started lending money, with a government license or without.
The formation of Pakistan in 1947 had an impact on their regular visits to their homeland as they used the land route through the North West Frontier Province. Many of the older men we met had come to Kolkata around that time, as young boys with their fathers and uncles, and could never go back to their villages because their travel route was now severed by two international borders and they did not have any travel documents. So they made Kolkata their home, took Indian wives and had families with them. As they would be in Afghanistan, the wives are rarely seen outside the home, though.
We also found another lot of Kabuliwala who made it to Kolkata through their family connections during the years of the civil war starting from 1979. Afghan relatives of the Kabuliwala visit Kolkata up until today in search of work or medical treatment. This younger lot uses the air route to Delhi from Kabul and then travels by train to Kolkata.
Meanwhile, the breakdown of the large family structures among the Bengali middle class into smaller families from the 1970s onwards and changes in their consumption patterns also meant that the demands for Afghan dry fruits, hing and other merchandise that the Kabuliwalas used to bring to their doorsteps reduced to a great extent. Fewer and fewer Kabuliwala were seen visiting residential areas in their traditional dresses.
Still speaking Pashto, still dancing the attan
When we stared our research in 2012, we were unsure if we would find any Kabuliwalas in the city. To our great surprise, we found almost 5000 of them. Many of them are still involved in the money lending business but also other professions.
For the next two years, during our visits for photo shoots, I realized how this community is still pining for its homeland. This is evident in the way they live, they eat, they dress. They still celebrate dancing the attan, they still speak Pashto among themselves. We also understood how this little, secluded community had been able to create a sense of belonging with the city through marriage and by making friends in Kolkata. Through our photography, we have tried to capture all this: their distinctiveness, their longing and memories of their homeland, and the sense of new belonging.
Tagged with: India, Kabuliwala, Kolkata, migrants, Pashtun
Thematic Category: Context & Culture
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Shakeology is one of the few successful supplement programs that have enjoyed massive marketing in the fitness industry. It is one among the top five meal replacements shakes. It isn't just an ordinary product but instead one that boasts multi-functional purposes and benefits. Despite the fact that Shakeology boasts many positives, it can be quite expensive for some people.
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It's tempting to want to minimize feelings of social shyness for kids, in an attempt to divert attention elsewhere. However, remember children may need some comfort before thinking about other alternatives. Realize that there are different levels of social anxiety and can be a cause for physical symptoms. The best thing to do is to validate their experience and provide comfort.
It's OK to want to protect our kids from distressing experiences, like not encouraging them to be involved in social activities. But if we do this too long, this takes away their ability to leave their comfort zone, which is an important skill. Anxiety tends to lessen when we do the very thing that makes us anxious. The more practice your child gets in learning to confront nervousness, fear, and anxiety, it becomes less difficult the next time.
If your child has anxiety about a certain event—perhaps a classmate's birthday party—an effective strategy is to help him prepare. This can include arming him with background and knowledge about the event and even role-playing can help practice. Sometimes it's the fear of the unknown that can induce anxiety for children, so if you can talk through everything that is likely to happen, there will be less surprises, if he feels emotionally prepared.
It's important to ensure your child feels safe to deal with her anxiety. Explain that by experiencing feelings of anxiety is not a dangerous thing, but rather something she can cope with. Let her feel comfortable to talk about her feelings, especially since many anxious kids can find it difficult to express strong emotions. We need to make it safe for children to feel that a situation is anxiety-inducing and support them so they can stand back and reassess things and create a new game plan or be thoughtful about what happened. Failing—safely—can be the best way to develop resiliency.
There are some children that don't feel comfortable in letting you know they have anxiety about certain social situations. Perhaps they are embarrassed or fearful their parents will be disappointed. There are physical symptoms to be on the lookout for if you suspect anxiety could be an issue. A child in a state of anxiety could be sweating, have a change in breathing pattern, or have trembling hands or legs. A disruption in sleep and frequent nightmares may also be present. He may also seem to be missing a lot of school due to illness, especially headaches or stomach aches.
Social anxiety plagues adults as well. Thanks for the tips. These are great for calming oneself before social events. BP hope is chock full of helpful tips!


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You are here: Home › journalism › Reading notes: Churchill's insight and the willful ignorance The Times of London
Reading notes: Churchill's insight and the willful ignorance The Times of London
By Jim Stovall on June 4, 2018 in journalism
Author William Manchester called it "unfathomable."
Manchester's magisterial three-volume biography of Winston Churchill (The Last Lion) contains an interesting description of the attitude of The Times of London toward the rise of Adolph Hitler in volume 2, Alone. While Churchill in the mid-1930s was the single voice among the upper reaches of the British ruling class to sound the alarm against the rise of Hitler, The Times stood firmly on the side of appeasing the German leader.
Editor Geoffrey Dawson was adamant in insisting that the newspaper print nothing that would offend Hitler. The Times' editorial columns were filled with praise of Hitler's reasonableness and his wish for peace while rebuilding his country.
Manchester points out that Dawson followed this policy despite having a first-rate correspondent in Berlin who filed dozens of reports about Hitler's erosion of civil liberties, his persecution of Jews and dissidents, and his military buildup.
Norman Ebbutt, the paper's Berlin correspondent, filed accurate, perceptive dispatches on Nazi Germany for over three years until the summer of 1937 until the Nazis . . . expelled him. Ebbutt's editors read his stories; they knew what was happening in the Third Reich, though their readers often did not; his dispatches were often re-written or suppressed by Dawson . . . (p. 144)
Dawson changed his tune, finally, in March 1939 and called for military preparations for war. He remained editor of The Times until 1941 and died in 1944.
Manchester is right — the actions of The Times editor were "unfathomable" — and the peace-at-any-price aura that infected the era provide only a partial explanation. The evil of Naziism broke forth early and often when Hitler came to power. It took a staunchly willful ignorance, combined with a contempt for his profession, to do what The Times editor did.
About Jim Stovall
Jim Stovall, a retired journalism prof, is now a novelist, self publisher, watercolorist, gardener, woodworker and beekeeper -- among others things.
View all posts by Jim Stovall →
Carver's rules for life, dethroning King Apostrophe, the author that Agatha Christie 'remembered': newsletter, July 12, 2019
George Washington Carver's rules for living a good life
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Antonia Fraser's writing day
Book counterfeiting: it happened before Amazon came into existence.
Adolph Hitler, Geoffrey Dawson, Norman Ebbutt, The Times of London, Winston Churchill
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New Revised Standard Version, Anglicised Catholic Edition (NRSVACE)
Judges 8:29-31
New Revised Standard Version, Anglicised Catholic Edition
Death of Gideon
29 Jerubbaal son of Joash went to live in his own house. 30 Now Gideon had seventy sons, his own offspring, for he had many wives. 31 His concubine who was in Shechem also bore him a son, and he named him Abimelech.
New Revised Standard Version Bible: Anglicised Catholic Edition, copyright © 1989, 1993, 1995 the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved.
New Revised Standard Version Catholic Edition Holy Bible: NRSV
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Give Me That Bill Mzansi: The weirdest bills you ever did see
Check out these crazy bills and see if your bill story can top them.
It's all happening this weekend, your final chance to get on Mzansi Magic's Give Me That Bill and get your outstanding bill paid. We want the whackiest, craziest, weirdest stories as to how you got that bill! Auditions will take place at the Randburg Towers on 18th & 19th October 2014. Remember, all you have to do is download this entry form to stand a chance of being part of the Give Me That Bill Mzansi studio audience
Address: Cnr. of Main Avenue and Republic Street, Ferndale, Randburg. Auditions begging at 08h30 to 17h00.
We want to see you there, do you think you can match these bizarre bills?
Weird tattoo bill
Latoya wanted to immortalise her mom in the form of a tattoo, a kind of "thanks" for all mom's hard work in raising her and her three siblings. She got her mom's name tattooed on her left shoulder, but she went to a fly-by-night tattoo artist, proving cheap is not always better, as mom's name is missing an 'e'. She sent her bill to Give Me That Bill Mzansi because she'd really like to use the money to get the tattoo remodelled by a professional tattoo artist.
Expensive telephone
Thabiso has acquired an incredible telephone bill as a result of being in a long distance relationship. His girlfriend of three years was posted to Saudi Arabia and to keep the spark alive, Thabiso calls Meisi at least once a day to hear her voice. However, there is a 'but' here, Thabiso has a habit of not cutting the call at the end of the conversation, unluckily Meisi doesn't always cut the call either; do you see where this is going? Thabiso has now been lumped with a massive phone bill which he has sent in to Give Me That Bill Mzansi.
Outstanding gym subscription
Siphokazi was super excited when she first joined her local gym, she wanted to tone up for her holiday and get that perfect bikini body. Siphokazi has had a busy year and she had moved house; to save her travel time, she moved to a gym closer to home. Little did she know that she would end up changing gyms to one closer to home. With all the admin of moving, Siphokazi forgot to cancel her first gym subscription. Ouch! That resulted in a fat bill for a slim Siphokazi, her contract worked on an annual basis, not month to month as she'd thought. She sent her bill to Give me That Bill Mzansi in the hope of getting it settled on the show.
We'll be sharing more wild bill stories tomorrow, so keep an eye on our social media pages and we look forward to seeing you this weekend. Don't miss this opportunity to cover that bill by Give Me That bill Mzansi!
Join the Give Me That Bill Mzansi conversation and like us on Facebook and Twitter.
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With sadness we announce the death of Allan Cook of Parksville, B.C. on Thursday, May 7, 2009, surrounded by family. Beloved husband of Lola for 52 years. Al was born in Winnipeg, Man. on March 22, 1931, second of four siblings, and spent formative years in the farming area of Dugald, Man. He graduated from George Williams College, Chicago, in training for the professional YMCA. He held positions in the "Y" in Vancouver, Toronto & Montreal then returned to Vancouver and held positions in the Federal Gov't. After early retirement he worked with First Memorial Funeral Services for a number of years. In retirement Al and Lola moved to Parksville, Vancouver Island and enjoyed 12 years in various activities with many friends. Al leaves a loving family; son Bruce (Laurel) of Los Angeles; daughter Nancy Marshall (Don) of Qualicum Beach; son Andrew (Patti) of North Vancouver; and 7 grandchildren – Steven (Stephanie); Andrea (Matt); David; Brandon; Nicholas; Deacon and Jackson.
with Rev. Ron Macluskie officiating.
First Memorial Funeral Services in charge of arrangements.
In lieu of flowers, donations may be made to Nanaimo Hospital Palliative Care Unit.


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James Arthur Flesher, 1865–1930
The photograph shows James Flesher in mayoral regalia, although it is not clear whether the photo was taken when he was mayor of New Brighton (1915–17) or Christchurch (1923–25). James Flesher lived in Richmond; the Flesher family owned Avebury House and land between the house and the river.
Biographical data based on information on the Christchurch City Libraries website:
James Arthur Flesher was born in Christchurch on 13 August, 1865, the son of William and Dorothy Flesher, who owned Avebury House. James was educated at Christ's College and became a lawyer; he was admitted as a solicitor in 1898, and when he started his own legal firm the following year, he was admitted as a barrister.
In 1893 he was elected to the Christchurch City Council, representing the Richmond Ward. In 1900 he married Margaret Lucy England. They had two children. From 1915 to 1917 he was Mayor of New Brighton Borough. He was appointed borough solicitor in 1918, a position he held until his death.
In 1918 he was again elected to the Christchurch City Council and he became Chairman of the By-laws & Finance Committee. He remained a councillor till 1920, and in 1923 he was elected Mayor of Christchurch, a position he held for two years. In 1928 he was again elected to council and remained a councillor until his death in 1930. He was also elected to the Christchurch Tramway Board in 1906, was Chairman from 1913–1916, and was still a member of the board at the time of his death.
James was also a member of many other local boards and organisations. His obituary stated: "It was not the length of his public service, long as that was, or the number of positions he occupied, many as they were, that gave him his conspicuous place among the public men of the city, but the force and capacity that he constantly exhibited. He had the command of fact and the clear view of his object which keeps discussion to the direct and useful line."
James died in 1930 aged 65 years and was buried in the Avonside Anglican Cemetery. He was survived by his wife, Margaret, son, Herbert, and daughter, Mrs F. M. L. Sheppard. Flesher Avenue, which runs through the property once owned by the Flesher family, is named after him.
Here is a previous post about the Flesher family photo album covering the years 1909-11.


This is the time of year where we not only give thanks, but also reflect on the year that is almost over. In my case, I am very thankful for all the support I've received over the years from many mentors, CEOs, directors, colleagues and friends. I've been particularly blessed to have worked with some very dedicated professionals on the Board of MAHCE over the last 11 years and the last two years as President. I'm particularly reflective right now, as I've retired from active healthcare administration and moved out of the State of Maryland, both for the first time since 1980.
Unfortunately, the MAHCE programming year ended on a down note as we had to cancel the Orioles Park at Camden Yards, Networking Night on November 15th due to low pre-registration. However, we will be working to add another program to replace this early next year.
There are several initiatives that MAHCE has undertaken this fall. We awarded two scholarships in memory of Doug Shepherd, Past Governor/Regent/chapter President. We also awarded cash awards to three Maryland nonprofit agencies for their services in the health field (Madison House Autism Foundation, MERIT Baltimore, and Friends of Patients at the NIH).
At our all-day educational event on October 11th, we heard from 4 expert panels on Innovations in Healthcare. I was particularly excited to be a moderator for rural panelists to discuss their efforts in care coordination, population health and reorganization of care, outside the Baltimore/Washington corridor. Many thanks to Megha Kachalia and her committee who did an incredible job of pulling together a truly massive event which offered 6 FACE to FACE credits to the attendees.
The Board is also working on creating scholarships to assist with the high expense of attending ACHE's annual Congress which is held in March in Chicago.
A new advancement to Fellow program has been established by ACHE with a new updated exam. For a number of years MAHCE has sponsored a Board of Governor's Exam review course. The Board is debating how to continue our locally based educational session in an inexpensive manner. The alternative would have Maryland (and nearby state chapter members) ACHE Members sign up for ACHE's programming for exam review at considerable expense.
ACHE has a national initiative on Diversity and Inclusion. At the Chapter Leaders Conference in September, Alan Weisman, Regent and I were proud to accept an award from ACHE for Diversity and Inclusion for MAHCE. We are continuing to look at Diversity and Inclusion efforts through the Membership Committee, headed by Jan van Londen.
Also special thanks to departing Board members, Christina Farias, Frank Rath, Ray Dudley. Ray served many years as the Development Director securing sponsorships for MAHCE to reduce the cost of regular membership events for members to less than the cost of the food at the events. Christina has been a stalwart in Operations for the last 2 years, organizing all the logistics for every event that MAHCE conducted. Also, thanks to my predecessor, Bernie Poindexter for setting up a solid Board for me to work with and showing me the ropes in my two years as President – Elect.
I will always cherish my evenings with MAHCE, despite long drives from Cumberland, Waldorf and then Chestertown. The comradery and support that gain from others is irreplaceable and the friendships are lifelong. Thank you.
From South Carolina – best to you and yours this holiday season and Happy New Year!


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by Buddy · Published February 11, 2012
Watch the exclusive Breaking Dawn Part 2 Trailer here!!
Rumor has it that the trailer will not launch until March! Soooo…Watch the new Breaking Twilight trailer below! From the people who saw it first! Enjoy! Trailer starts at 4:24


text:
Q: How can i share same ViewModel between two views in WPF? I have this view:
<Window x:Class="Ohmio.Client.PruebasView"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="clr-namespace:Ohmio.Client"
    Title="Pruebas" Height="284" Width="626">
<Window.DataContext>
    <local:PruebasViewModel/>
</Window.DataContext>
<Grid>
    <Grid.RowDefinitions>
        <RowDefinition Height="40"/>
        <RowDefinition Height="40"/>
        <RowDefinition Height="*"/>
    </Grid.RowDefinitions>
    <Label Content="Create View"/>
    <Button Grid.Row="1" Content="Create child View" Click="Button_Click_1"></Button>
    <ContentPresenter x:Name="ContentPrt" Grid.Row="2" Margin="5"></ContentPresenter>
</Grid>

My idea is to load a second view(child view) in the content presenter. Just for testing i'm doing this from code-behind:
this.ContentPrt.Content = new ModalViewModel();

So my question is: How can I make the new view(the one load on contentPresenter) share the same dataContext with PruebasView? (In this case, PruebasViewModel)
Thanks!

A: If I understood your question correctly, it's simple. Just pass PruebasViewModel to ContentPresenter as the data context.
<ContentPresenter x:Name="ContentPrt" DataContext={Binding} Grid.Row="2" Margin="5"></ContentPresenter>

A: I suppose that ModalViewModel is your child view class. So when you add it to the content presenter, your View becomes a part of your Visual Tree, so it automatically shares the DataContext of the main window.
Pratically WPF makes of the job for you: the content presenter's content will "see" the PruebasViewModel by its own.
EDIT
I did not read that you are using Caliburn Micro, but the idea does not change.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The human mind operates in terms of constraints. We use constraints as a way of making sense of the world around us. They help us to categorize information so that we can process it more efficiently. Unfortunately, this often provides a false view of reality. This can be especially true when you're faced with having to maximize business resources.
As a business owner, it's easy to see constraints as limitations. When you only have a small amount of resources, you figure that you only have minimal opportunities for growth. This, however, isn't necessarily true.
Running a small business is all about learning to maximize business resources. It's about doing more with less. By heeding the following advice, you can thrive within your constraints.
When you don't have a ton of resources, you have to put your money to work for you. That means investing in solutions that continue to add value. It means avoiding ones that rapidly depreciate. Machine learning technology falls into the former category.
Machine learning is the very definition of resource maximization. You invest something on the front end and it grows into something bigger and more valuable over time.
Instead of investing a ton of your time and money into growing your client base, be on the lookout for opportunities to upsell your existing clients. This will save you a ton of resources over the long haul.
As a business owner, you have plenty of responsibilities and tasks on your plate. Perhaps it's true that they all need to get done eventually. However, the key is to get better at prioritizing which tasks need to be completed first (and using which resources).
When you have limited resources, you can't afford to say yes to every request. In fact, you have to become good at saying no.
Learning to say no is challenging for people who want to be helpful. However, it's a skill you need to master if you're going to stand any chance of maximizing the limited resources you have at your disposal.
It's a fallacy that the business with the greatest amount of resources always outperforms the business with fewer resources. Study the history of your industry and you'll see multiple instances where a small business with minimal resources entered the industry and overtook a larger competitor through creativity, innovation, and resource maximization.
While it helps to have resources on hand, it's not necessary. What's important is that you leverage the resources you do have. In other words, you need to learn to focus on doing more with less. In most cases, learning to maximize business resources sparks greater innovation. It will help you find new opportunities that you otherwise wouldn't have stumbled upon.


How does the import work?
I have more questions. Can I talk with someone?
Which Email Service Providers do you support?
How are estimates handled for custom projects?
Which ESPs are you compatible with?
How do I set up email delivery service?
Do I need to bring by own Email Service Provider (ESP)?
How are you different from ESPs?


text:
#include <gmock/gmock.h>
#include <gtest/gtest.h>
#include "jni_bind.h"
#include "jni_test.h"

namespace {

using ::jni::Array;
using ::jni::Class;
using ::jni::Id;
using ::jni::IdType;
using ::jni::JniType;
using ::jni::kDefaultClassLoader;
using ::jni::Method;
using ::jni::OverloadRef;
using ::jni::Params;
using ::jni::test::JniTest;
using ::testing::_;
using ::testing::Eq;
using ::testing::InSequence;
using ::testing::StrEq;

template <const auto& class_loader_v, const auto& class_v, size_t I>
using MethodRefT_t = OverloadRef<
    Id<JniType<jobject, class_v, class_loader_v>, IdType::OVERLOAD, I, 0>>;

TEST_F(JniTest, MethodRef_DoesntStaticCrossTalkWithTagUse) {
  static constexpr Method m{"FooV", jni::Return<void>{}, Params{jint{}}};
  static constexpr Class kSomeClass{"someClass", m};

  const jclass clazz{reinterpret_cast<jclass>(0XAAAAA)};
  const jobject object{reinterpret_cast<jobject>(0XBBBBBB)};

  MethodRefT_t<kDefaultClassLoader, kSomeClass, 0>::Invoke(clazz, object, 123);
}

TEST_F(JniTest, MethodRef_CallsGetMethodCorrectlyForSingleMethod) {
  static constexpr Method m1{"FooV", jni::Return<void>{}, Params<>{}};
  static constexpr Class c{"SimpleClass", m1};

  InSequence seq;
  const jclass clazz{reinterpret_cast<jclass>(0XABABA)};
  const jobject object{reinterpret_cast<jobject>(0XAAAAAA)};

  const jmethodID fake_jmethod_1{reinterpret_cast<jmethodID>(0XBBBBBB)};
  EXPECT_CALL(*env_, GetMethodID(Eq(clazz), StrEq("FooV"), StrEq("()V")))
      .WillOnce(testing::Return(fake_jmethod_1));
  EXPECT_CALL(*env_, CallVoidMethodV(object, fake_jmethod_1, _));

  MethodRefT_t<kDefaultClassLoader, c, 0>::Invoke(clazz, object);
}

TEST_F(JniTest, MethodRef_ReturnWithObject) {
  static constexpr Class c2{"someClass2"};
  static constexpr Method m1{"FooV", jni::Return{c2}, Params<>{}};
  static constexpr Class c{"someClass", m1};

  InSequence seq;
  const jclass clazz{reinterpret_cast<jclass>(0XABABA)};
  const jobject object{reinterpret_cast<jobject>(0XAAAAAA)};

  const jmethodID fake_jmethod_1{reinterpret_cast<jmethodID>(0XBBBBBB)};
  EXPECT_CALL(*env_,
              GetMethodID(Eq(clazz), StrEq("FooV"), StrEq("()LsomeClass2;")))
      .WillOnce(testing::Return(fake_jmethod_1));
  EXPECT_CALL(*env_, CallObjectMethodV(object, fake_jmethod_1, _));

  MethodRefT_t<kDefaultClassLoader, c, 0>::Invoke(clazz, object);
}

TEST_F(JniTest, MethodRef_ReturnWithNoParams) {
  static constexpr Method m1{"FooV", jni::Return<void>{}, Params<>{}};
  static constexpr Method m2{"BarI", jni::Return<jint>{}, Params<>{}};
  static constexpr Method m3{"BazF", jni::Return<jfloat>{}, Params<>{}};
  static constexpr Class c{"someClass", m1, m2, m3};

  InSequence seq;
  const jclass clazz{reinterpret_cast<jclass>(0XABABA)};
  const jobject object{reinterpret_cast<jobject>(0XAAAAAA)};

  const jmethodID fake_jmethod_1{reinterpret_cast<jmethodID>(0XBBBBBB)};
  EXPECT_CALL(*env_, GetMethodID(Eq(clazz), StrEq("FooV"), StrEq("()V")))
      .WillOnce(testing::Return(fake_jmethod_1));
  EXPECT_CALL(*env_, CallVoidMethodV(object, fake_jmethod_1, _));

  const jmethodID fake_jmethod_2{reinterpret_cast<jmethodID>(0XCCCCCC)};
  EXPECT_CALL(*env_, GetMethodID(Eq(clazz), StrEq("BarI"), StrEq("()I")))
      .WillOnce(testing::Return(fake_jmethod_2));
  EXPECT_CALL(*env_, CallIntMethodV(object, fake_jmethod_2, _));

  const jmethodID fake_jmethod_3{reinterpret_cast<jmethodID>(0XDDDDDD)};
  EXPECT_CALL(*env_, GetMethodID(Eq(clazz), StrEq("BazF"), StrEq("()F")))
      .WillOnce(testing::Return(fake_jmethod_3));
  EXPECT_CALL(*env_, CallFloatMethodV(object, fake_jmethod_3, _));

  MethodRefT_t<kDefaultClassLoader, c, 0>::Invoke(clazz, object);
  MethodRefT_t<kDefaultClassLoader, c, 1>::Invoke(clazz, object);
  MethodRefT_t<kDefaultClassLoader, c, 2>::Invoke(clazz, object);
}

TEST_F(JniTest, MethodRef_SingleParam) {
  constexpr Method m1{"SomeFunc1", jni::Return<void>{}, Params<jint>{}};
  constexpr Method m2{"SomeFunc2", jni::Return<jint>{}, Params<jfloat>{}};
  constexpr Method m3{"SomeFunc3", jni::Return<jfloat>{}, Params<jfloat>{}};
  static constexpr Class c{"someClass", m1, m2, m3};

  InSequence seq;
  const jclass clazz{reinterpret_cast<jclass>(0XAAAAAA)};
  const jobject object{reinterpret_cast<jobject>(0XBBBBBB)};
  const jmethodID fake_jmethod_1{reinterpret_cast<jmethodID>(0XCCCCCC)};

  EXPECT_CALL(*env_, GetMethodID(Eq(clazz), StrEq("SomeFunc1"), StrEq("(I)V")))
      .WillOnce(testing::Return(fake_jmethod_1));
  // There is no clear way to test variable vaargs type arguments using Gmock,
  // but at least we can test the correct method is called.
  EXPECT_CALL(*env_, CallVoidMethodV(object, fake_jmethod_1, _));

  const jmethodID fake_jmethod_2{reinterpret_cast<jmethodID>(0XDDDDDD)};
  EXPECT_CALL(*env_, GetMethodID(Eq(clazz), StrEq("SomeFunc2"), StrEq("(F)I")))
      .WillOnce(testing::Return(fake_jmethod_2));
  EXPECT_CALL(*env_, CallIntMethodV(object, fake_jmethod_2, _));

  const jmethodID fake_jmethod_3{reinterpret_cast<jmethodID>(0XEEEEEE)};
  EXPECT_CALL(*env_, GetMethodID(Eq(clazz), StrEq("SomeFunc3"), StrEq("(F)F")))
      .WillOnce(testing::Return(fake_jmethod_3));
  EXPECT_CALL(*env_, CallFloatMethodV(object, fake_jmethod_3, _));

  MethodRefT_t<kDefaultClassLoader, c, 0>::Invoke(clazz, object, 1);
  MethodRefT_t<kDefaultClassLoader, c, 1>::Invoke(clazz, object, 1.234f);
  MethodRefT_t<kDefaultClassLoader, c, 2>::Invoke(clazz, object, 5.6789f);
}

TEST_F(JniTest, MethodRef_ReturnsObjects) {
  static constexpr Class c1{"Bazz"};
  static constexpr Class kClass{
      "com/google/ReturnsObjects",
      Method{"Foo", jni::Return{c1}, Params<jint>{}},
  };

  const jobject local_jobject{reinterpret_cast<jobject>(0XAAAAAA)};

  // Note, class refs are not released, so Times() != 2.
  EXPECT_CALL(*env_, NewObjectV).WillOnce(testing::Return(local_jobject));

  jni::GlobalObject<kClass> global_object{};
  jni::LocalObject<c1> new_obj{global_object("Foo", 5)};
}

TEST_F(JniTest, MethodRef_PassesObjects) {
  static constexpr Class c1{"com/google/Bazz"};
  static constexpr Class kClass{
      "com/google/PassesObjects",
      Method{"Foo", jni::Return<jint>{}, Params{c1}},
  };

  const jobject local_instance{reinterpret_cast<jobject>(0XAAAAAA)};
  const jobject global_c1_instance{reinterpret_cast<jobject>(0XBBBBBB)};

  jni::LocalObject<c1> local_object{local_instance};
  jni::GlobalObject<kClass> global_object{global_c1_instance};

  EXPECT_CALL(*env_,
              GetMethodID(_, StrEq("Foo"), StrEq("(Lcom/google/Bazz;)I")));

  global_object("Foo", local_object);
}

TEST_F(JniTest, MethodRef_PassesAndReturnsMultipleObjects) {
  static constexpr Class c1{"Class1"};
  static constexpr Class c2{"Class2"};
  static constexpr Class c3{"Class3"};
  static constexpr Class c4{"Class4"};

  static constexpr Class class_under_test{
      "com/google/PassesAndReturnsMultipleObjects",
      Method{"Foo", jni::Return{c1}, Params{c1, c2, c3, c4}},
  };

  const jobject fake_jobject{reinterpret_cast<jobject>(0XAAAAAA)};

  jni::LocalObject<c1> obj1{fake_jobject};
  jni::LocalObject<c2> obj2{fake_jobject};
  jni::LocalObject<c3> obj3{fake_jobject};
  jni::LocalObject<c4> obj4{fake_jobject};
  jni::LocalObject<class_under_test> object_under_test{fake_jobject};

  jni::LocalObject<c1> obj5{object_under_test("Foo", obj1, obj2, obj3, obj4)};
}

TEST_F(JniTest, MethodRef_SupportsForwardDefines) {
  static constexpr Class kClass1{
      "kClass1",
      Method{"m1", jni::Return<void>{}, Params{Class{"kClass1"}}},
      Method{"m2", jni::Return<void>{}, Params{Class{"kClass2"}}},
      Method{"m3", jni::Return{Class{"kClass1"}}, Params{}},
      Method{"m4", jni::Return{Class{"kClass2"}}, Params{}},
  };

  static constexpr Class kClass2{
      "kClass2",
      Method{"m1", jni::Return<void>{}, Params{Class{"kClass1"}}},
      Method{"m2", jni::Return<void>{}, Params{Class{"kClass2"}}},
      Method{"m3", jni::Return{Class{"kClass1"}}, Params{}},
      Method{"m4", jni::Return{Class{"kClass2"}}, Params{}},
  };

  const jobject fake_jobject{reinterpret_cast<jobject>(0XAAAAAA)};

  jni::LocalObject<kClass1> c1_obj1{fake_jobject};
  jni::LocalObject<kClass1> c1_obj2{fake_jobject};

  jni::LocalObject<kClass2> c2_obj1{fake_jobject};
  jni::LocalObject<kClass2> c2_obj2{fake_jobject};

  c1_obj1("m1", c1_obj1);
  c1_obj1("m2", c2_obj1);
  c1_obj1("m1", c1_obj1("m3"));
  c1_obj1("m2", c1_obj1("m4"));

  c2_obj1("m1", c1_obj1);
  c2_obj1("m2", c2_obj2);
  c2_obj1("m2", std::move(std::move(c2_obj2)));

  c1_obj1("m2", std::move(c2_obj1));

  // c2_obj1("m1", c1_obj1); // illegal! triggers warnings (post move read).
  // c2_obj1("m2", c2_obj2); // illegal! triggers warnings (post move read).
  // c2_obj1("m2", std::move(c2_obj2));  // illegal! triggers warnings (post
  // move read).
}

TEST_F(JniTest, MethodRef_SupportsStrings) {
  static constexpr Class class_under_test{
      "com/google/SupportsStrings",
      Method{"Foo", jni::Return<void>{}, Params<jstring>{}},
      Method{"Bar", jni::Return<void>{}, Params<jstring, jstring>{}},
      Method{"Baz", jni::Return<jstring>{}, Params<>{}},
  };

  const jobject fake_jobject{reinterpret_cast<jobject>(0XAAAAAA)};

  jni::LocalObject<class_under_test> obj1{fake_jobject};
  obj1("Foo", "This is a method.");
  obj1("Bar", "This is a method.", "It takes strings");
  obj1("Baz");
}

TEST_F(JniTest, MethodRef_SupportsArrays) {
  static constexpr Class kClass{"kClass"};
  static constexpr Class class_under_test{
      "com/google/SupportsArrays",
      Method{"Foo", jni::Return<void>{}, Params{Array{kClass}}},
      Method{"Bar", jni::Return<void>{}, Params<int>{}}};

  const jobject fake_jobject{reinterpret_cast<jobject>(0XAAAAAA)};

  jni::LocalArray<jobject, 1, kClass> local_array{nullptr};
  jni::LocalObject<class_under_test> obj1{fake_jobject};
  obj1("Foo", local_array);
}

}  // namespace

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


WATERBURY--A school bus crash has left two dead on Tuesday afternoon. The incident occurred near 351 Watertown Ave. around 4 p.m.
There were no children on the school bus at the time of the accident. Police say a Dodge Dakota pickup truck crossed over the center line and collided with the bus. The bus driver only suffered minor injuries. The two people inside the pickup were pronounced dead at the scene.
We are sad to confirm there was an incident this afternoon involving a Durham school bus and a passenger vehicle that resulted in two fatalities. We extend our sympathies to the families and friends of the deceased. The incident is currently under investigation and we are working with local law enforcement officials. There were no students on board the bus at the time of the incident.
Watertown Ave was closed between Bunker Hill Avenue and Robbins Street while police investigated.
People who live in the area say speeding is often a problem. The speed limit is 35 mph. "Most people go, I want to say about 45-50. A lot of cops don't really patrol this area, this street. So you can really go as fast as you really wanted to," said Harold Garcia, who lives around the corner from the accident.
Longtime Waterbury resident Charlie Mahoney concurred. "Lot of times I have a hard time 'cause speeding when I get in this section -- coming this way -- because they come flying," said Mahoney.
As of Tuesday night, investigators haven't said if speeding was a factor in the crash, nor did they release information on why they believe the truck crossed the center line.


Increasingly, disruptive technology is playing a critical role in transforming finance capability. In response to this, business leaders are recognising the opportunities and challenges a digital transformation of their business can deliver.
Robotic Process Automation (RPA) is software that can be easily programmed or instructed by end users to perform high-volume, repeatable, rules-based tasks. It automates the logical transfer of data within processes quickly and accurately, freeing up valuable resources from mundane tasks.
The benefits of adopting RPA in finance go way beyond cost reduction bringing improved control, faster processing speed, better data quality and happier finance team members freed up from mundane tasks for interesting and value-add work.
Fear of technological change is nothing new, and whilst RPA can lead to role displacement this is more than counter-balanced by the creation of new roles and the removal of remedial, boring tasks away from employees. This creates new learning and career opportunities, and helps create the appropriate cultural transformation needed in the finance team to successfully adopt and scale the technology.
It's beneficial to have a clear plan showing the impact on employees both short term and long term, as RPA is scaled as part of a wider automation strategy.
There is still significant runway for further adoption of RPA technology in finance. Less than half of all respondents surveyed have deployed RPA, however certain markets are leading the way in terms of adoption rates and unsurprisingly many large organisations are already benefiting from RPA application across finance. This suggests however, that significant opportunity is currently being missed to drive efficiencies in finance through this technology.
The benefits of RPA adoption are multifaceted, and typically underestimate the non-labour benefits that come with it.
Running an initial 'proof of concept' has been found to be a critical step during which benefits to the business can be demonstrated and the approach to implementation can be refined.
Organisations who have implemented RPA successfully follow a number of key steps during implementation.
"Access to high quality data is the foundation on which finance teams can look to transform the value they deliver."
Read stories from companies with first-hand experience of what the implementation of robotics has to offer.


We are seeking a Machine Learning Researcher (Gaussian Processes, Modelling) for our globally acting company; we are currently looking to build a Team of Researchers with experience in Bayesian Inference or Probabilistic Programming. We are a best known for revolutionising the Gaming Industry and developing virtual worlds.
As a Machine Learning Researcher you will join a newly formed team of Learning Researchers with the aim of bringing a Research product to a niche market. Our long term goal is a general purpose probabilistic model. As a Machine Learning Researcher you will be working within Bayesian Inference, Probabilistic Programming, Probabilistic Programming Libraries, Big Data Analysis and Bayesian Nets.
We are looking for someone who is passionate and motivated to work on our mission. You don't have to have a background in Machine Learning for this position as a Machine Learning Researcher, but you should be ambitious, motivated and able to think out the box.
A chance to be a part of some exciting work whilst being part of a company with more job security than a startup.


What's a good shoe store/website for womens size 11?
http://funadvice.com/r/3lr7fmivad. Betts is one of the best shoe shops here & they have pretty much every size. If you want to go for something a little pricy but worthy then it's perfect for you.
Theres also: http://funadvice.com/r/bg93d2jadad. Designer shoes offers a variety of different shoes - casual to formal and you can choose what brands you want and search for sales.
What are some good skate shoes?
Good kind of running shoe?
Why are women and men's shoe sizes different?
what is a good teen store that has small sizes?
what are some good online stores that are cheap and sell womens clothing?
Why are no good stores in Lincoln, Nebraska?
What are some good websites or even stores for strange/odd/unique body jewelry?
What are good Canadian online shops for shoes?


text:
DOJ Confirms Reports That Trump-Ukraine 'Whistleblower' Has a Political Bias
FREDERIC J. BROWN/AFP/Getty Images
Joshua Caplan
The Department of Justice on Wednesday confirmed that the Office of Intelligence Community Inspector General ruled the so-called "whistleblower" who issued a complaint regarding President Donald Trump's discussions with foreign leaders possessed a "political bias" that was "in favor of a rival political candidate."
According to a memo released by the Justice Department Office of Legal Counsel on Wednesday, the inspector general stated that it received a complaint of "urgent concern," though the OLC determined the matter "does not involve an 'urgent concern'" or require that the national intelligence director send the complaint to House and Senate intelligence committees.
The OLC memo reads that the so-called "whistleblower" exhibited signs of "political bias," yet the inspector general still found the still-anonymous individual to be credible.
"Although the ICIG's preliminary review found 'some indica of an arguable political bias on the part of the Complainant in favor of a rival political candidate,' the ICIG concluded that the complaint's allegations nonetheless appeared credible," reads the opinion.
Fox News correspondent Ed Henry was first to report on the allegations of "political bias" in favor of a Trump rival on Tuesday evening.
Further, the inspector general for the intelligence community wrote to the director of national intelligence in August that he believed the conversation between President Trump and Ukraine's leader could have been a federal campaign finance violation because the president could have been soliciting a campaign contribution from a foreign government, a Justice Department official said.
The whistleblower — a member of the intelligence community — said in their complaint that they had heard the information from "White House officials," but did not have firsthand knowledge of the call, the Justice Department official said.
Prosecutors from the department reviewed a transcript of the call and determined the president did not violate campaign finance law. The determination was made based on the elements of the allegation, and there was no consideration of the department's policy that a sitting president cannot be indicted, the official said.
Justice Department spokeswoman Kerri Kupec said the attorney general was first notified of Trump's conversation with the Ukrainian president "several weeks after the call took place," when the department received the referral about potential criminal conduct.
"The president has not spoken with the attorney general about having Ukraine investigate anything relating to former Vice President Biden or his son. The president has not asked the attorney general to contact Ukraine — on this or any other matter," the spokeswoman said.
Lawmakers have been demanding details of the whistleblower's complaint, but the acting director of national intelligence, Joseph Maguire, has refused to share that information, citing presidential privilege. He is to testify Thursday before the House, and lawmakers are expected to have access to details of the complaint beforehand in a classified setting.
The complaint has set off a stunning turn of American political events, leading House Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-CA) to yield to mounting pressure from fellow Democrats on the impeachment inquiry.
Congress' probe focuses partly on whether President Trump abused his presidential powers and sought help from a foreign government to undermine Biden and help his own re-election. Pelosi said such actions would mark a "betrayal of his oath of office" and declared, "No one is above the law."
Meanwhile, the White House released a transcript Wednesday of a phone call between President Trump and Zelensky that's at the center of the impeachment investigation.
House Democrats are examining the call to determine whether President Trump threatened to withhold aid to Ukraine in exchange for Zelensky's government investigating the family of 2020 Democratic presidential candidate Joe Biden. Tens of millions in military aid was ultimately released to Ukraine this month, but investigators want to know what prompted Trump to threaten to withhold payment.
According to the five-page transcript, there were several references to Biden, but neither President Trump nor Zelensky discussed authorized military aid payments. They did discuss Biden's son, Hunter, who worked for a Ukraine gas company between 2014 and early this year.
As Breitbart News reported earlier this year, Biden forced out former Ukrainian prosecutor Viktor Shokin as he was investigating an energy company called Burisma Holdings, which was paying Biden handsomely as a member of its board. The former vice president even boasted to the Council of Foreign Relations last year that he had threatened to withhold $1 billion in U.S. aid unless the prosecutor was fired. (He did not tell the audience about his son's role.) Conservatives claim Biden obstructed justice to protect his son — who enriched himself using his father's prestige.
"There's a lot of talk about Biden's son, that Biden stopped the prosecution and a lot of people want to find out about that so whatever you can do with the attorney general would be great," President Trump told Zelensky. "Biden went around bragging that he stopped the prosecution so if you can look into it … it sounds horrible to me."
Following the transcript's release, the president mocked Democrats in a tweet, writing: "Will the Democrats apologize after seeing what was said on the call with the Ukrainian President? They should, a perfect call – got them by surprise!"
The Associated Press and UPI contributed to this report.
PoliticsDOJDonald TrumpimpeachmentJustice DepartmentUkraine


text:
Carlos Barahona Angulo (born January 20, 1980) is a Colombian goalkeeper. He currently plays for San José in the Liga de Fútbol Profesional Boliviano.

He was a member of the Colombian U-19 and U-21 National Teams. He is the older brother of Julián Barahona who plays midfield for Patriotas FC.

1980 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Valle del Cauca Department
Colombian footballers
Cortuluá footballers
Deportivo Pasto footballers
Atlético Nacional footballers
Envigado F.C. players
Cúcuta Deportivo footballers
Club San José players
Categoría Primera A players
Bolivian Primera División players
Colombian expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Bolivia
Association football goalkeepers

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: jquery - Change CSS based on scroll position I am designing and developing a template similar to duolingo
And now I'm asking you to help me change the appearance of the h1 tag and style the topbar
The code I wrote for this topic is as follows, but it's not a recipe and does not work well with the sample website.
setInterval(function() {
                var height = $(window).scrollTop();
                if (height >= 0 && height < 120) {
                    $('.long-header-label').css('font-size', "34px");
                    $('.btn-start-index').css({
                        'visibility': 'visible',
                        'opacity': '1',
                        'display': 'inline-block'
                    });
                    $('.btn-start-header').css("display","none");
                    $('.cta-container').css({
                        'position':'relative',
                        'display':'block'
                    });
                }
                if (height > 119 && height < 200) {
                    $('.long-header-label').css('font-size', "29.5px");
                    $('.btn-start-index').css({
                        'visibility': 'hidden',
                        'opacity': '0',
                        'display': 'none'
                    });
                    $('.cta-container').css({
                        'position':'relative',
                        'display':'block'
                    });
                    $('.btn-start-header').css({
                    "margin-left": " 10px",
                    "display": " inherit"
                    });

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With picturesque views overlooking the Romney Marsh, Waypost Farm Glamping is the ideal opportunity to get away from modern life and go back to basics! With 3 unique properties, all sleeping 2 people in total seclusion of each other, thereby offering total privacy, you can completely relax in this stunning location.
The Strawberry Shepherd's hut is a truly secluded vintage glamping hideaway. Situated in a five-acre smallholding, the Shepherd's Hut has been lovingly restored to comfortably accommodate 2 people for a real countryside break. The vintage styling of the hut is a delight, with curtains made from floral fabric and a beautiful patchwork quilt covering the bed. Everything has been thought of to ensure you enjoy your time in the countryside and have a comfortable stay. The hut has a small table and chairs outside, and there is plenty of storage for clothes in a chest of drawers. There is a log burner inside to make tea and coffee and ensures the hut is cosy all year round.
For a true glamping experience with a difference, stay in the fun, quirky and vintage Horsebox suitably called 'The Strawberry Roan'. You will sleep in a comfy and cosy double bed, tucked up into framework at the far end of the Horsebox. Two stable doors open from the side of the box so you can take in beautiful views of the rolling countryside and breathe in the country air. Complete with a wood burner, the Horsebox will stay warm and you can boil a kettle for hot drinks from the wood burner or gas hob too. With storage and amenities, everything has been thought of in the Horsebox to ensure you have an enjoyable stay. You have access to a flushing toilet a short walk from the horsebox.
The Showman's Wagon is an extensively restored original wagon making for a cosy, quirky and charming stay in vintage circus style. It is set in a secluded clearing offering a romantic setting for 2. There is a cabin style double bed with a Kissing Booth sign overhead, a small kitchen, an outside fridge, a toilet a short walk away, and fire pit, and BBQ outside. To keep cosy inside light the log burner. A homely and unique space in beautiful surroundings.
When night falls upon these gorgeous properties and the stars start to pop out, lanterns, candles and torches provide all the light that you need. You can cook up a storm on the fire pit outside and stay warm as you stargaze at the countryside night skies, toasting marshmallows. You'll sleep soundly in the comfy double beds and awaken to the sound of the birds singing and animals in the neighbouring fields! A picnic breakfast hamper is available to enjoy, which includes homemade freshly locally baked bread and will be delivered directly to your door!. Or you might like to enjoy a campers breakfast using the BBQ!
The Ferry Inn pub is just a short 5 minutes walk away or trek further afield to the towns of Tenterden and Rye for plenty of pubs and restaurants. There are hours of walking and cycling routes from the site through the Kent and East Sussex countryside or enjoy the historic close by towns of Tenterden or Rye. Owners Sam and Leon Coates specialise in renovating vintage accommodations and it is their passion to create comfortable and quirky living spaces to share with you. If you have any questions about the locality, please don't hesitate to ask!
All properties cost £90 a night with reduction for 3 nights or more. 2-night minimum stay requirement on weekends between March -September.
For more information and images If wishing to make a booking please make a Booking Enquiry once you have checked the calendar.


There are many types of plasma that are researched for their applications in medicine; they have in common that they can all be categorized as cold atmospheric pressure plasmas (CAPs) that do not deliver significant current to the treated surface (dielectric, culture, biofilm, tissue).
The first steps in the field of biomedical applications of cold atmospheric pressure plasmas have only been taken recently, approximately a decade ago. Yet, in this short time this field of research has rapidly grown due to incredible results CAPs have in killing bacteria of all types, deactivation of spores and fungi, in vivo studies have shown success in (chronic) wound healing, even cancer treatment in types of cancer that are resistant to chemotherapy, with minimal damage to normal (host) tissue. In addition, plasmas are being explored for other applications, such as skin rejuvenation, hair follicle treatment and similar.
In EPG we focus on all aspects of experimental research of CAPs, from fundamental to application-specific properties. In order to understand the biomedical part of the research, extensive amount of diagnostics is applied to CAPs to obtain information about virtually all plasma constituents which can potentially effect directly or indirectly living tissue. This includes radicals (OH, NO, O,...), UV radiation, electrical fields, ions and electrons. This experimental research will also yield basic physical insights in the rather exotic operating mechanisms of cold atmospheric pressure plasmas and is complemented by ongoing numerical modelling efforts. A special part of the EPG group comprised of biologists also works on biological experiments using CAPs. The work on plasmas for biomedical applications currently focuses on the following few topics.
In this application-driven topic we explore the properties of a device designed in EPG aimed for disinfection of skin with minimal skin damage. The project will result in a product used in a clinical setting.
Using the treated tissue as an electrode, plasmas created in this device will feature delivery of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species as well as electrical charge to the tissue. We are currently exploring properties of the plasma produced in this device.
The plasma-cell/wound interaction is investigated by a multi-disciplinary team of researchers including plasma physicists, microbiologist and medical doctors in collaboration with the Dutch Burn Wound Centre.
A fundamental topic, yet essential for any possible use of a plasma jet in biomedical applications - how much charge do we deliver to the treated surface and what consequences does this have on the biological experiments?
A complex fundamental topic, researched in collaboration with other groups, and one of the key bottlenecks in the plasma medicine research. Just like working with the Pockels method, here we have to erase some of the boundaries of a single discipline and push beyond the current state-of-the-art.


STUNNER OR BUMMER: Aishwarya Rai Bachchan, Jhanvi Kapoor, Chitrangda Singh, Karisma Kapoor Or Vidya Balan?
The city was abuzz with star power as some of them attended few events and some were spotted leaving the city.
Aishwarya Rai Bachchan was at Manish Malhotra's house for dinner with hubby Abhishek Bachchan. Jhanvi Kapoor was snapped with her co-star, Ishaan Khattar as they were lunching together at a city's restaurant.
Chitrangda Singh and Karisma Kapoor were at the airport, while Vidya Balan was in New Delhi to launch a jewellery store.
AISHWARYA RAI BACHCHAN- BUMMER- Aishwarya's denim look is a bit too drab and those block heels, quite hideous!
JHANVI KAPOOR- STUNNER- Jhanvi's dress is quite cool but I would have skipped those furry slippers.
CHITRANGDA SINGH- BUMMER- The printed maxi is quite unflattering.
KARISMA KAPOOR- BUMMER- Why Wrap Around A Jacket, Karisma? This Look Is A Total 'NO-NO'.
VIDYA BALAN- STUNNER- Now, that's how you drape a beautiful saree.
Varun Dhawan, Arjun Kapoor, Alia Bhatt & Parineeti Chopra Are TROUBLED!
STUNNER OR BUMMER: Kareena Kapoor, Deepika Padukone, Alia Bhatt, Zareen Khan Or Bhumi Pednekar?
STUNNER OR BUMMER: Tiger Shroff, Alia Bhatt, Shraddha Kapoor, Malaika Arora Or Sidharth Malhotra?
STUNNER OR BUMMER: Kareena Kapoor, Suhana Khan, Gauri Khan, Katrina Kaif Or Shanaya Kapoor?
STUNNER OR BUMMER: Mira Rajput, Sonam Kapoor, Katrina Kaif, Sangeeta Bijlani Or Malaika Arora?
STUNNER OR BUMMER: Deepika Padukone, Ananya Pandey, Suhana Khan, Sussanne Khan Or Gauri Khan?
STUNNER OR BUMMER: Katrina Kaif, Aishwarya Rai Bachchan, Kareena Kapoor, Sussanne Khan Or Twinkle Khanna?


This year Mozambique commemorates the 25th anniversary of the death of its first president, Samora Machel, who was killed, along with 34 others, in a plane crash that many Mozambicans believe was a South African act of sabotage. A giant statue of Machel in his characteristic pose–commanding with his finger pointed rigidly upwards–was unveiled in October at Maputo's Praça da Independência, and smaller versions are being mounted in all of Mozambique's provincial capitals. The crowd at the Maputo unveiling was smallish and lifeless and I was disappointed, or maybe I just felt a chill at the presence of Robert Mugabe among the VIPs. In any case, not all the celebrating of Samora has been pomp. A couple of months ago, in a hidden-away gallery space downtown, my friends and I came across a Machel exhibit that put objects from his less-public moments on display. Like this one. I guess he used it a lot, or not at all.
This entry was posted in Maputo, Mozambique and tagged exercise equipment, samora machel. Bookmark the permalink.


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← See it, want it: window food displays
Truth in Menu →
"Every luxury the markets afford"
In the 1840s and 1850s, when Russell W. Allen ran restaurants in Richmond VA, newspaper advertising for eating places employed pat phrases such as the one that serves as this post's title. Allen advertised frequently in the papers and, judging from descriptive blurbs, he attracted affluent men looking for fine liquors and cigars, as well as top quality duck, seafood, oysters, and game.
In 1843 he opened The Alhambra which, like most eating places then also served as a hotel. His aim was to have the foremost eating place in Richmond.
The son of a Providence RI cabinet maker, Russell was 24 years old in 1835 when he married. He and Agatha moved to Richmond a few years later. In 1840 he was employed as a decorative painter whose business included hand painting custom window shades. Agatha ran a boarding house for Virginia legislators.
Although it was open to the public, it would seem as though Russell's eating saloon developed as an extension of the boarding house. His first advertisements make a direct appeal to legislators whom he offered three meals a day, promising to have on hand fine oysters from nearby rivers and bays "fresh three times a week." He also imported live lobsters from the North, a practice which he said was highly unusual since most lobsters in Richmond were brought there pre-cooked. [bill of fare, 1844]
The Alhambra was located on the main thoroughfare, 14th street, near the bridge that crossed the James River. Outside was a sign of a deer visible in the day but eclipsed after dark by the standard candlelit red balloon that identified oyster houses. In 1846 the establishment moved two doors closer to the bridge and installed private dining rooms. A new and sensational feature was a fountain with a statue of a Greek goddess bearing a flowing cup, surrounded by swans. The spouting water held aloft a golden ball.
After a Richmond newspaper advised that "those who wish to see a pretty fountain should pay one visit at least," the normally all-male sanctum was besieged by women wanting a peek inside. The result was a ladies' night advertised in May of 1846 with Agatha Allen on hand to reassure visitors that the goings on would remain cake & lemonade respectable.
Perhaps due to the death of his father in 1848, Russell sold his business in 1849 and the family moved to New York City, where he also ran an eating place. In 1852 he returned to Richmond, bought out the Rough and Ready on the corner of 12th and Main, renamed it The Arbour, and kept it going until 1858. He tried to equal The Alhambra's reputation as an epicurean eating place, though I can't tell how well he succeeded. In 1852 he ran an advertisement for quick eats at reduced prices as shown above. It contains something I've never seen before, "domestic pie," which I'm guessing is another way of saying homemade. Also, sora, a marsh bird.
After he gave up the restaurant and hotel business, Russell Allen returned to his earlier career as a painter and earned the rank of Captain in the Civil War.
Filed under proprietors & careers
Tagged as 1840s, 1850s, game, ladies' night, oysters, restaurant proprietors, Richmond VA, The Alhambra
4 responses to ""Every luxury the markets afford""
The Writing Waters Blog
This is a wonderful article! What is "do" in the first menu of the Alhambra House?
Thomas Byg
Always interesting…can't figure out the cost relationships however…Oysters@25 vs.Partridge@25 vs. scrambled eggs@25 …
They tended to have set price categories then, not directly aligned with costs. But who knows what the costs were?


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FIGURE OF A TIGER BITING ITS CUB
Works from the Donald Friend Collection
MADE JOJOL (DJODJOL)
born c.1951, Balinese
polished waru wood, carved in the style of Cokot
33.0 cm length
Sold for $9,000 (inc. BP) in Auction 31 - 27 October 2013, Sydney
Donald Friend's Bali, an exhibition arranged inconjunction with the Donald Friend Retrospective, Art Gallery of New South Wales, Sydney, 9 February – 25 March 1990
Donald Friend's Bali, Art Gallery of New South Wale and The Beagle Press, Sydney,1990, cat. 83, p. 58 (illus.)
Catalogue text
Djodjol was born in the mountain village Taro in the north of the Regency of Gianjiar. The name of the village (Taro) means 'sacred tree' in Balinese. Taro has a rich and ancient heritage. There is proof that the village existed before AD 1000. Djodjol was in his mother's womb when his father was killed during political troubles in the early 1950s. The mother and baby were brought up by concerned neighbours and relatives. Djodjol means forever moving from place to place. It was during this period of moving from house to house that he came under the influence of the famous sculptor Cokot, who lived in the neighbouring village of Jati, and that he began to carve wood. Djodjol cameto Donald Friend's attention on one of the Australian artist's trips to the curio-rich village of Taro. Friend became his sponsor and encouraged his artistic development. Djodjol, with his wife and children, now lives near the central Gianjar village of Batubulan.
1. Darling, J., in Donald Friend's Bali, Art Gallery of New South Wales and The Beagle Press, Sydney, 1990, p. 57


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LRH Providing Free "Let's Get Cooking" Program in March
Post Date: February 12, 2021
February 12, 2021 – Lakes Regional Healthcare (LRH) will launch the "Let's Get Cooking" program in March. The free program consists of several resources to eat delicious, affordable meals throughout the month, including:
Family-friendly meals for the month of March
Recipes and estimated cost per serving for each meal
Comprehensive guide of 28 food budgeting tips and local low- and no-cost food resources
Weekly Facebook Live cooking events
List of staple ingredients
LRH Registered Dietitian Nutritionist Beth Samuelson said the program officially runs from February 28 through March 27, and during that time she'll host Facebook Live cooking events every Monday at 5:30 pm. "We'll have recipes you probably haven't tried before. They are easy to make, delicious, and affordable. Each meal costs under $2 per serving."
The "Let's Get Cooking" meal plan and recipes guide, 28 Food Budgeting Tips, and Staples List can be found on LRH's website at www.lakeshealth.org/resources-forms/. "They're listed in the Resources section alphabetically by title," said Samuelson. "We hope people find the information useful and join us on the Facebook Live events. We would like to engage our community by putting nutrition information into actionable culinary behaviors."
Those interested in attending the Facebook live events are encouraged to follow Lakes Regional Healthcare on Facebook and purchase items from the staples list and Monday's meal beforehand.


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All Spiritual Blogs
Space Force is a Go as Congress Gives its Approval 12/15/2019
Posted by rev.joshua skirvin on December 16, 2019 at 4:21am
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Space Force is a Go as Congress Gives its Approval
12/15/2019 By Stillness in the Storm Leave a Comment
(Dr. Michael Salla) A major hurdle was passed in the creation of a United States Space Force when a Congressional conference committee comprising members of both branches of Congress, meeting to resolve conflicting congressional bills, agreed to the legislative language authorizing its creation. The "National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020", contains the agreed language for Space Force's creation, which will be voted on by both houses of Congress, and then signed by President Donald Trump.
Related Do We Need Space Force to Protect us from Space Pirates?
Source – Exopolitics
by Dr. Michael Salla, December 11th, 2019
The Secretary of the Air Force, Barbara Barrett, issued a statement after the Congressional conference committee gave its approval and said:
We certainly appreciate the hard work and bipartisan support of the Congress and the administration that is bringing a separate service for space closer to reality. We are reviewing the draft legislation and look forward to moving out smartly once legislation is passed by the Congress and signed by the President.
President Trump tweeted his approval of the agreement that had been reached and said he was ready to sign the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) that will formally create Space Force.
The House of Representatives was scheduled to vote on the NDAA today, and will be quickly followed by the Senate before being sent to President Trump for his signature to enact it into federal law.
In the NDAA, which is nearly 3500 pages long, the agreed-upon language for Space Force appears under Title IX – Department of Defense Organization and Management.
Buy Book PROJECT BLUE BEAM – The Quest For A New World Order And The Rule Of The Antichrist
Subtitle D discusses how Space Force will be set up and run. It asserts that the relevant sections in the NDAA (Title IX, Subtitle D) authorizing Space Force's creation will be known in the future as the United States Space Force Act. (sec.951).
The Space Force Act re-designates "Air Force Space Command" as the United States Space Force (USSF). Space Force will be located with the Department of the Air Force. This will mirror how the US Marine Corps is embedded within the Department of the Navy but remains a separate military branch to the US Navy.
The composition of Space Force is described as follows:
(b) COMPOSITION.—The Space Force shall be composed of the following:
(1) The Chief of Space Operations.
(2) The space forces and such assets as may be organic therein.
The Chief of Space Operations (CSO) will report directly to the Air Force Secretary and one year after the passage of the Space Force Act will become a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
The present head of the U.S. Space Command, General John Raymond, will also be allowed to serve as the CSO of Space Force for the first year of its operations. This will enable Raymond to oversee the smooth transition of Air Force Space Command, which he also currently heads, into the new Space Force.
CONTINUE READING @ exopolitics.org
Books by Dr. Michael Salla:
Buy Book Insiders Reveal Secret Space Programs & Extraterrestrial Alliance
Buy Book Kennedy's Last Stand: Eisenhower, UFOs, MJ-12 & JFK's Assassination
Buy Book Galactic Diplomacy: Getting to Yes with ET
Buy Book Exopolitics: Political Implications of Extraterrestrial Presence
Buy Book US Navy's Secret Space Program & Nordic Extraterrestrial Alliance
Buy Book Antarctica's Hidden History: Corporate Foundations of Secret Space Programs (Secret Space Programs Series)
NEW Buy Book US Air Force Secret Space Program: Shifting Extraterrestrial Alliances & Space Force (Secret Space Programs Book 4)
Stillness in the Storm Editor: Why did we post this?
According to several respected researchers, alleged insiders and whistleblowers, the Deep State has been advancing secret space programs for decades, developing technology that most would consider otherworldly. The preceding information alerts the public to the fact these programs likely exist, by providing documents, testimony, and conjecture in support. This information is helpful to dispel the false reality pushed by the Deep State as well as catalyzing the mind for truth-seeking.
Comment by rev.joshua skirvin on December 16, 2019 at 4:47am
Finally, with this act of congress the Space force is created and no longer kept a secret and the Disclosure finally begins. enjoy, copy and send. Adonai


The food is good, but kind of pricy for what you get. I don't go often because they hassle me when I request a gluten free bun. The first time I made the request, the employee asked loudly, "ARE YOU GLUTEN?" which doesn't even make sense. On another occasion, an employee asked me if I'm truly gluten free or I just like the taste of the gluten free bun better. I think in both cases, the employees were trying to figure out if they could just make my sandwich without cross-contamination procedures or if I needed them to change their gloves and wipe off the counter. They do seem to know which precautions to take to avoid contamination, but only if they've questioned you enough to determine you qualify for them.
This Erbert & Gerbert location is located on the 3rd floor of the Univ of Mich - Flint University Center. (AND IS CLOSED BETWEEN APRIL 30TH AND LABOR DAY) Their gluten free sandwiches, like all other locations, are served on Udi's gluten free sub buns. When I asked them how they were made, the gentleman immediately started to address all the precautions they take to prevent cross-contamination. My husband was immediately impressed, and he doesn't even have to eat gluten free! An important point of note- no curbside parking. But it is SO SO worth the trip while they are open!
The last time I was in they said that their soups are no longer gluten-free. They also did not seem knowledgeable about cross-contamination, so I will not be going back. I left without eating because I was not comfortable even though the last time I had eaten there everything seemed fine.
The Udi's GF buns are actually not bad! If you tell them its for an allergy, they will automatically make it from the back with fresh, untouched ingredients, change their gloves, and even put it in separate bags as the rest of your sandwiches. I always get the Girf and its really good.
They have an Udis gluten free roll that is the best I've had on a sub. Have a separate cooking area and will ask you if you are an allergy or a preference. Even though he was the only one in the shop, and really busy, he took the time to use the separate counter and change his gloves, highly recommended.
Have eaten there and never once had a problem. The only reason I'm not giving it 5 stars is the menu is incredibly limited (ask the employees which sandwiches are good for celiac people, the nutritional information online doesn't match what they say in the restaurant).
Gluten free sub bread is a bit sweet but very good. Great place for a quick lunch and friendly staff. A couple Gf soups also.
Several gluten free menu items. They will prepare your sandwich in a separate area, change gloves when you tell them it's an allergy related need. Menu says they have gluten friendly bread, for cya needs.
They prepare your sandwich in a dedicated area, change gloves and avoid cross contamination with separate toppings. They are knowledgeable about which sandwiches and soups are gluten free.
Such a relief to have a fast AND safe lunch here. This location has a safe prep space and knowledgeable staff! Cashier recommended that ham and turkey based sandwiches were safest, asked if allergy or preference, and spoke to the staff making my sandwich to prepare it safely. So happy!
awesome food, super easy and they also have gluten free soups!
Hopkins, MN location - Staff was friendly and knowledgeable about Cross contamination. Bread was delicious.
Very friendly staff and changed gloves when they made my order. Meats and veggies taste very fresh. They do warn that cross contamination may occur, but I didn't seem to have any problems.
they have gluten free bread, but the employees were not able to actually make my sandwich gluten free.
Food is prepped in a separate area, gloves changed, fresh ingredients, etc. I ordered a GF sandwich and a giant pickle- the guy making my non-celiac family members' food went to package it up, and upon realizing I'm celiac, went and got a new one with fresh gloves. Very knowledgeable on cross-contamination and how to avoid it. Did not get sick!
Very diligent staff who asking about my gluten free needs. Good options for me!
We love the bread and they have safe handling of food.
Great staff and always uses proper precautions when making the sandwich. Great GF bread.
They changed their procedures, they are no longer safely gluten free. They now make the sandwiches on the regular line, without changing gloves, without cleaning the table, they put the gluten free bread right onto the line. They didn't notify me when they took my order, when I clarified that it was an allergy they said oh yeah we changed we are "gluten friendly now" didn't you see the sign posted on the wall over there... well no I didn't read all the signs in the building before ordering from a place that has been safely gluten free for years. They seemed irritated when I said I could not accept the sandwich and would need a refund, and that I obviously couldn't come back any longer. Sad change.
Started carrying gluten free bead again. Wish they would advertise it more. My 9 year old son is very excited to be able to enjoy a sub sandwich again. He was very disappointed when they stopped offering the gluten free option. They have a dedicated work space in the back where they prepare the gluten free subs so they can minimize the risk of cross contamination. Staff seems knowledgeable and ask if it is for an allergy, etc.
Slightly limited in what subs you can order, but served on very good gluten free bread.
They use a separate, dedicated area with separate, dedicated equipment and separately held meats/cheese/toppings to avoid cross-contamination for their gluten-free customers. They use certified gluten free sub buns that are delicious and not too doughy (not sure of the brand?). Good understanding of our gluten free needs, made sure to switch gloves, and super friendly staff too!
They were very friendly and very accommodating! I had the best restaurant experience I've had in years!
No longer carry gluten free bread. Disappointing.
I previously would have given more stars but recently I went in and ordered soup that used to be gluten free. Luckily I told them I have a gluten allergy and they informed me that none of their soups are gluten free now. You can still get a sandwich but dang I really liked getting a soup and sandwich. Why change to soups that contain gluten? I'm so mad for our celiac community.
Delicious and dedicated gluten free area!! Make sure you request an "allergy" if you have celiac!
Only have one GF soup. Ever other GF option removed from menu! They need to update their menu online... staff discouraged us from eating there GF. Would not even give it a 1!
They know what they are doing. Have soups and sandwhiches.
They no longer carry gluten free bread. It's such a bummer.
What an awesome score in DTMadison - right by Kohl Center!! They have amazing GF bread and a separate sandwich making area. My boys asked for a second sub cuz it was THAT GOOD!
Was great but no longer offer gluten free bread.
No longer have gluten free bread or a separate area for making subs. Majorly disappointed since this was my go to for a sub.
Excellent sub sandwich. Separate counter and server for GF. Took pride in careful food prep. Also GF cheddar soup with GF red labeled server to prevent contamination. Great!
Nice to have a GF option in Hibbing; wish other restaurants would follow suit!
Tried ordering lunch with a group of friends and was disappointed when I was told all they had was French Bread and no gluten free bread or soups available.. should offer at all times if you advertise that you have gluten free items!!!
They have a separate gluten free sandwich making station in the back. No cross contamination concerns!!
I haven't had a sub sandwich in the 14 years since I was diagnosed as a celiac. This was the most amazing sandwich served on a gluten-free sub roll.
Very careful to avoid cross contamination. Change gloves. Get fresh ingredients. Gluten free bread.
Quick service and a reasonable menu. Server told me that while the sub buns are GF they couldn't guarantee the sandwich ingredients are. GF buns are pretty tasteless but not offensive. May visit again and try a different menu item.
Erbert and Gerbert's does an excellent job of training their people and provide an excellent sandwhich. Their buns are edible and very satisfying along with tasting like real bread. They also offer gluten free soups that are very decent.
They offer Gluten Free Bread and Soups. The bread is packed in single sealed bags and they use a separate prep station and utensils.
Delicious gluten free French roll. They use a dedicated prep area for the gluten free sandwiches and not all the ingredients are over there. Reg bins of ingredients can be cross contaminated so they recommend just turkey/ham/lettuce/tomato/cheese/avo/mayo that are in the GF area. That still made for a great sandwich!
They were clearly trained in cross-contamination. So nice to have a quick sandwich option!
staff was knowledgeable and the bread was amazing!
Awesome subs!! Great to be able to eat something fast with no worries. I have eaten here three times and no problems. They get GF. I am very sensitive to gluten and no cross contamination. New lunch spot for me. The bread is spectacular.
Absolutely amazing to be able to have a gluten free sub! Bread was great. The staff was amazing and knew which subs were totally safe and which ones were questionable based on ingredients changing. Separate area for preparing the subs. I wish I lived here. I'd come all the time.


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Black Minister Arrested After Confronting| Anti-Obama Protestors
April 15, 2010 Jacqueline J. Holness
BRUNSWICK, Ga. (CN) – A black minister says a Brunswick police officer threatened him with a Taser, forced him to the ground and arrested him on a bogus charge of demonstrating without a permit, because he told protesters who were calling President Obama a "granny killer" and a "liar" that he disagreed with them.
The protesters, some of them dressed in military garb, stood in front of the city's main post office on Aug. 26, 2009, according to the Rev. Zack Lyde's federal complaint.
They were "shouting or holding signs" stating they were "taking their country back" and "taking their flag back," in addition to calling the president a granny killer and a liar, Lyde says. Police officers were stationed near the permitted protest.
Lyde, a military veteran who had to pass the demonstration to get to the post office, said he felt "compelled to express a contrary viewpoint. He was the only individual expressing a contrary viewpoint and was not required to have a permit under Brunswick's permit ordinance."
The minister says an officer told him to be quiet and leave, because he had no permit. Lyde says he told the officer that he did not need a permit "to speak freely and without government interference on a public sidewalk."
He says the officer threatened him with the stun gun, and "unnecessarily and excessively forced [him] to the ground, arrested, cited, and jailed [him] for violating the City of Brunswick's 'disrupting a lawful meeting' ordinance."
Lyde says he contested the constitutionality of the ordinance, and the charges against him were dropped.
He seeks damages for constitutional violations, unlawful arrest and imprisonment, malicious threatening, and other charges.
He sued the City of Brunswick and Brunswick police Officer Philip Popwell.
Lyde is represented by Gerald Weber of Atlanta.
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