text:
\subsection*{Note added 9 October 2009}
These notes document some experiments I did in the late 1990s to compare the
usefulness of local and well orderings for noncommutative \Gro. basis
calculations in modular group algebras of $p$-groups. They are not (or rather
no longer) intended for publication. They are provided in the hope that
the tables in section~\ref{section:results} may be of interest.

Part of the material here formed the basis for Chapter~1 of my book\footnote{%
D.~J. Green, \emph{\Gro. Bases and the Computation of Group Cohomology},
Lecture Notes in Math.\@ vol.~1828, Springer-Verlag, 2003, xii+138pp.}\@.
The system \pres. is no longer being maintained, but parts of it live
on in the $p$-group cohomology package\footnote{S.~A. King and D.~J. Green,
\emph{$p$-Group Cohomlogy Package} for the \textsf{Sage} computer algebra
system. \texttt{http://sage.math.washington.edu/home/SimonKing/Cohomology/}}
for \textsf{Sage}\@.

\section{Introduction}
Let~$G$ be a finite $p$-group.  One way to do computational homological
algebra over the modular group algebra~$\fG$ is to realise it as a finitely
presented associative algebra, together with a \Gro. basis for the relations
ideal.  There are then several methods available for computing minimal
projective resolutions~\cite{FGKK}, \cite{GSZ},~\cite{method}\@.

The algebra generators are required to lie in the Jacobson radical.
Usually one chooses generators~$g_i$ for the group, and then takes
the $a_i = g_i - 1$ as generators for~$\fG$.
See \cite{FFG}~or \cite{vorl} for an introduction to noncommutative
\Gro. bases.

The choice of word ordering is of prime importance in the design of
efficient \Gro. basis methods. This paper compares the usefulness in our
context of three word orderings, and announces a package \pres. for computing
\Gro. bases with respect to these orderings.  They are:
\begin{itemize}
\item The \textbf{length-lexicographical} ordering ($\operatorname{LL}$):
the standard ordering for homological algebra
over associative algebras.
\item The \textbf{reverse length-lexicographical} ordering ($\operatorname{RLL}$)
allows one to read off the radical layers.
Empirically, it always yields a small \Gro. basis.
\item The \textbf{Jennings} ordering (see Definition~\ref{defn:JenningsOrder})
is defined on special presentations, which are constructed using the
Jennings series and involve some redundant generators.
Broadly speaking, it is for $p$-group algebras what power-conjugate
presentations are for $p$-groups.
All \Gro. bases have the same size, and in fact the associated monomial algebra
is an invariant of the group's order.
\end{itemize}
The criteria for comparing orderings are:
\begin{itemize}
\item
Smallest size of \Gro. basis, taken over all choices of generators.
\item
How easy is it to realise a small \Gro. basis?  That is, how
sensitive is size of \Gro. basis to choice of generators?
\item
How many properties of the \Gro. basis (e.g.,~maximum length of a
reduced word) do not depend on choice of generators?
\end{itemize}

\noindent
In Sections \ref{section:LL}~and \ref{section:Jennings} we look at
the orderings one by one.  For each ordering, a method is presented
for computing the \Gro. basis for the relations ideal.
These methods were implemented in the package \pres.\@.
Data structures and other aspects of the implementation are discussed in
Section~\ref{section:implement}.  Results obtained using \pres.
are presented in Section~\ref{section:results}, where we draw conclusions
about the comparative usefulness of the orderings.

The package \pres. is written partly in \Mag. code and partly in C\@.
See the end of the paper for details of how to obtain it.

\paragraph{Acknowledgements}
This work was started while I was at the Institute for Experimental Mathematics
in Essen, Germany. I am very grateful to the Institute for the continuing use
of their computing facilities.

\section{\Gro. bases}
\label{section:LL}
First we recall the basics about \Gro. bases in free associative algebras.
Let~$M$ be the free associative monoid with~$1$ on a finite set~$A$.
That is, the elements of~$M$ are words in the alphabet~$A$.  Assume we have
an ordering on~$M$ which is admissible in the following sense (far weaker
than that
of~\cite{FGKK}):

\begin{definition}
\label{defn:admissible}
Let~$M$ be a free monoid.  An ordering on~$M$ is called admissible
if $u v_1 w \leq u v_2 w$ whenever $u,v_1,v_2,w$ are elements
of~$M$ with $v_1 \leq v_2$.
\end{definition}

\noindent
Now let~$A$ be a set of algebra generators for~$\fG$, all lying in the
Jacobson radical~$J(\fG)$.
Then $M$~is the set of monomials in the free associative
$\f$-algebra on~$A$.  Write $I$ for the relations ideal: the kernel
of projection from this free algebra to~$\fG$.
A word $w \in M$ is called a tip if it is tha largest word in the support
of some element of~$I$; if not, it is called a nontip.
That is, the nontips are the words whose images in~$\fG$ are linearly
independent of the images of their predecessors.  It follows immediately
that the images of the nontips are linearly independent in~$\fG$.

\begin{lemma}
\label{lemma:span}
With the above assumptions, the nontips form a basis for~$\fG$.
\end{lemma}

\begin{proof}
By Nakayama's Lemma, $J^N(\fG)$ is zero for some~$N$.  All
algebra generators lie in~$J$, and so only finitely many
words are nonzero in~$\fG$.  These span~$\fG$, and contain the
nontips as a spanning subset.
\end{proof}

\noindent
By admissibility, the tips form an ideal in the free monoid~$M$.
This ideal has a unique smallest generating set.  It consists of
the \emph{minimal tips}, a tip being called minimal if and only if all proper
subwords are nontips.
Define
\[ \mathcal{G} := \{ w - \nu(w) \mid \text{$w$ a minimal tip} \} \, , \]
where $\nu(w)$ is the linear combination of nontips which in~$\fG$ equals~$w$.
Then $\mathcal{G}$~and the length~$N$ words together generate~$I$.
So, in the presence of the constraint $A^N \subseteq I$, the
set~$\mathcal{G}$ is a \Gro. basis for~$I$: the unique completely reduced
\Gro. basis for this ordering.

\begin{remark}
For the length-lexicographical and Jennings orderings, the constraint
$A^N \subseteq I$ is not necessary.
\end{remark}

\subsection{The length-lexicographical ordering}
Denote by $\ell(w)$ the length of a word $w \in M$.  Putting an ordering
on the set~$A$ of algebra generators induces a lexicographical ordering
$\leq_{\operatorname{lex}}$~on $M$.  The length-lexicographical ordering $\leq_{\operatorname{LL}}$~on
$M$ is then defined as follows:
\[
\begin{tabular}{rl}
$w_1 \leq_{\operatorname{LL}} w_2$ if & $\ell(w_1) < \ell(w_2)$, \\
or & same length, and $w_1 \leq_{\operatorname{lex}} w_2$.
\end{tabular}
\]
This ordering is admissible.  Moreover, each word $w \in M$ has only
finitely many predecessors under~$\leq_{\operatorname{LL}}$.
We do not use the Buchberger algorithm to compute the \Gro. basis, because
for $p$-group algebras it takes an unreasonable amount of time to stop.
Rather, we exploit the fact that $\fG$ is finite-dimensional, which means
that it is feasible to list all the nontips.

\paragraph{Computing a \Gro. basis}
Construct~$G$ in \Mag. using a faithful permutation
representation.  Choose minimal generators $g_1,\ldots,g_r$
for~$G$,
and set $a_i = g_i-1$.  Take the~$a_i$
as the set~$A$ of algebra generators.  Record the matrix for the right
multiplication action of each~$a_i$, with basis the group
elements.

Using these matrices, each word is constructed as a linear combination of
the group elements, starting with the smallest word and proceeding in
$\operatorname{LL}$-order.  Gaussian elimination allows us to distinguish the tips from
the nontips.  We stop when we
have found all the nontips: their number is known in advance.
The list of minimal tips is deduced from the list of nontips by word
manipulation.  Change of basis gives us the matrix for the multiplication
action of each generator with respect to the basis of nontips,
and we can read off~$\nu(w)$ for each minimal tip~$w$ from these matrices.

\subsection{The reverse length-lexicographical ordering}
Again defined on the free monoid~$M$ on an ordered set~$A$, this
admissible ordering is the opposite of~$\operatorname{LL}$.  Namely,
\[ w_1 \leq_{\operatorname{RLL}} w_2 \quad \text{if and only if} \quad w_1 \geq_{\operatorname{LL}} w_2
\, . \]
Note that~$\operatorname{RLL}$ is not a well-ordering.

\begin{lemma}
The $\operatorname{RLL}$-nontips of length at least~$r$ constitute a basis for~$J^r(\fG)$.
Hence the length~$r$ $\operatorname{RLL}$-nontips are a basis for a complement
of $J^{r+1}$~in $J^r$.
\end{lemma}

\begin{proof}
The words of length at least~$r$ span $J^r$.
If a linear combination of length~$r$ words lies in~$J^{r+1}$,
then the largest length~$r$ word involved is a tip.
\end{proof}

\noindent
\Mag. can compute the smallest~$N$ such that $J^N$ is zero (using the
Jennings series, the dimensions of all radical layers can be computed).
So we could obtain the nontips by running through the words of length
at most~$N$ in $\operatorname{RLL}$ order.  But this could take forever. For example,
if $G$~is a Sylow $2$-subgroup of the sporadic finite simple group~$\text{\sl Co}_3$,
then $N=23$ and $A$~has size~$4$.  Hence the number of words of
length~$N$ is~$2^{46}$.

\paragraph{Computing a \Gro. basis}
A length~$r$ word is a tip if and only if it lies in the space spanned by its
length~$r$ $\operatorname{RLL}$-predecessors and by $J^{r+1}(\fG)$.
Using Gaussian elimination and the matrices for the algebra generators,
we can calculate a basis for~$J^{r+1}$ from one for~$J^r$.  So
we start with $r=0$ and work through to $r=N$.  All length~$r$ nontips
are words of the form $w.a$ with $a \in A$ and $w$~a length $r-1$ nontip.
We work through these words in $\operatorname{RLL}$-order.
Once we have the nontips, we proceed as for~$\operatorname{LL}$.

\section{The Jennings ordering}
\label{section:Jennings}
For $r \geq 1$, define $F_r(G)$ to be the $r$th dimension subgroup
of the finite $p$-group~$G$.  That is,
\[ F_r(G) = \{ g \in G \mid g-1 \in J^r(\fG) \} \, . \]
Clearly $G = F_1(G) \geq F_2(G) \geq \cdots$.  The~$F_r$
do eventually reach the trivial group, and they form a central series, the
Jennings series for~$G$.  This series need not be strictly decreasing, however.
These and more facts about the Jennings series are demonstrated
in Section~3.14 of~\cite{Benson:I}

\begin{definition}
Let~$G$ be a $p$-group of order~$p^n$.  Elements $g_1,\ldots,g_n$~of $G$ are
Jennings pc-generators for~$G$ if the first~$m_1$ elements~$g_i$ are minimal
generators for~$F_1 (G) / F_2 (G)$, the next~$m_2$ are minimal generators for
$F_2 / F_3$, and so on.
\end{definition}

\noindent
Jennings pc-generators do yield a polycyclic presentation for~$G$,
as we now see.

\begin{lemma}
Let $g_1, \ldots, g_n$ be Jennings pc-generators for~$G$.
For each $1 \leq i \leq n$, we have
$g_i^p \in \langle g_{i+1}, \ldots, g_n \rangle$;
and $[g_i, g_j] \in \langle g_{j+1} \ldots, g_n \rangle$
for $1 \leq i < j \leq n$.
\end{lemma}

\begin{proof}
It is known that $[F_r, F_s] \leq F_{r+s}$
and that $p$th powers of elements of~$F_r$ lie in~$F_{pr}$.
\end{proof}

\begin{example}
\label{ex:32G}
Let~$G = \langle a,b,c,\phi \rangle$
be the following semidirect product group of order~$32$: the subgroup
$\langle a,b,c \rangle$ is normal, and elementary abelian of order eight.
The order of~$\phi$ is four, and the effect of conjugation on the left
by~$\phi$ is
\[ a \longmapsto b \longmapsto c \longmapsto abc \, . \]
Then $F_2 = \langle ab, ac, \phi^2 \rangle$ and $F_3 = \langle ac \rangle$
are elementary abelian, and so
$a, \phi, ab, \phi^2, ac$ are Jennings pc-generators for~$G$.

The last three generators are Jennings pc-generators for~$F_2$.
Another family of Jennings pc-generators for~$F_2$ is
$ac, ab, \phi^2$.  This family cannot be extended to Jennings pc-generators
for~$G$,  since $[\phi, ab] = ac$.  Hence to find Jennings pc-generators
for~$G$, it is not enough to take minimal generators for~$G$ and add
on Jennings pc-generators for~$F_2$.
\end{example}

\begin{definition}
Let $g_1,\ldots,g_n$ be Jennings pc-generators for~$G$.  Then
$a_1, \ldots, a_n$ are Jennings generators for the group algebra~$\fG$,
where $a_i = g_i - 1$.  We say~$a_i$ has dimension~$r$ if
$a_i \in J^r(\fG) \setminus J^{r+1}(\fG)$, or equivalently
$g_i \in F_r \setminus F_{r+1}$.
\end{definition}

\noindent
Order the Jennings generators as follows: $a_1 < a_2 < \cdots < a_n$.
For a word~$w$ in these generators, define its dimension $\dim(w)$ in
the obvious additive way:
\[ \dim(a_{i_1} \ldots a_{i_r}) = \sum_{j=1}^r \dim(a_{i_j}) \, . \]

\begin{definition}
\label{defn:JenningsOrder}
The Jennings ordering is the following ordering on the monoid of
words in the Jennings generators:
\[ \begin{tabular}{rl}
$w_1 \leq_{\operatorname{J}} w_2$ if & $\dim(w_1) > \dim(w_2)$, \\
or & dimensions equal and $\ell(w_1) < \ell(w_2)$, \\
or & same dimension and length, and $w_1 \geq_{\operatorname{lex}} w_2$.
\end{tabular} \]
\end{definition}

\noindent Observe that the Jennings ordering is admissible; and that
$\dim(w) \geq \ell(w)$ for each word~$w$.
The next result tells us that it is straightforward to calculate
the \Gro. basis for the Jennings ordering.

\begin{proposition}
\label{prop:Jennings}
Let $a_1,\ldots, a_n$ be Jennings generators for~$\fG$.
The minimal tips are the words~$a_i^p$ and $a_j a_k$ with $j < k$.
The nontips are the words
$a_n^{e_n} a_{n-1}^{e_{n-1}} \ldots a_1^{e_1}$ with $0 \leq e_i \leq p-1$.
A nontip~$w$ lies in $J^r \setminus J^{r+1}$ if and only $\dim(w) = r$.
\end{proposition}

\begin{proof}
We just have to show that $a_i^p$ and $a_j a_k$ ($j<k$) are tips.
For then all nontips are of the form claimed, and the number of
nontips equals the number of claimed nontips.  So the nontips and
hence the minimal tips are as claimed.  The distribution in radical
layers then follows from Jennings' theorem
(Theorem 3.14.6 in~\cite{Benson:I})\@.

If $\dim(a_i)=r$ then $a_i^p$ lies in $\f F_{pr}$,
which is generated by the $a_j$ with $\dim(a_j) \geq pr$.
Hence~$a_i^p$ is a linear combination of words in these~$a_j$.
Each such word either has dimension greater than~$pr$ or has length one.
So $a_i^p$~is a tip, since it has length~$p$.

Similarly, if $\dim(a_j)=s$ and $\dim(a_k)=t$, then $c = [g_j, g_k]$
lies in~$F_{s+t}$.  Set $\gamma = c-1$, so that $\gamma \in \f F_{s+t}$.
Arguing as above, $\gamma$~is a linear combination of words smaller than
$a_j a_k$~or $a_k a_j$.  Since $g_j g_k = c g_k g_j$, we have
\begin{equation*}
a_j a_k = a_k a_j + \gamma + \gamma a_k + \gamma a_j + \gamma a_k a_j \, ,
\end{equation*}
and the right hand side is a linear combination of words
smaller than~$a_j a_k$.
\end{proof}

\begin{example}
Let~$G$ be the cyclic group of order four.  Then Jennings pc-generators for~$G$
are $g_1,g_2$ with $g_1^2 = g_2$, $g_2^2 = 1$ and $[g_1,g_2] = 1$.
The corresponding Jennings generators for~$\fG$ are $a_1 = g_1-1$ and
$a_2=g_2-1$.  The minimal tips are $a_1^2$, $a_1 a_2$ and $a_2^2$; the
nontips are $a_2 a_1, a_2, a_1, 1$ in ascending order; and the \Gro. basis is
\[
a_1^2 + a_2 \, , \qquad a_1 a_2 + a_2 a_1 \, , \qquad a_2^2 \, .
\]
\end{example}

\begin{remark}
Jennings pc-generators are usually not minimal group generators.  This means
that there are relations involving length one words.  However, the Jennings
ordering does guarantee that all tips have length at least two.
\end{remark}

\paragraph{Computing a \Gro. basis}
Get \Mag. to compute the Jennings series.  Use this to pick Jennings
pc-generators for~$G$.  The nontips and the minimal tips are known
by Proposition~\ref{prop:Jennings}.  Proceed as for~$\operatorname{LL}$.

\section{The implementation}
\label{section:implement}
In this section we provide an overview of the package \pres.,
and describe the data structures used.
Some components of \pres. are written in \Mag. code, others are written
in~C\@.  The C components use M.~Ringe's C \MA. to handle vectors and
matrices over finite fields.

Groups must be constructed in \Mag. as permutation groups.
The function \rPA. is provided to convert pc-groups (and hence matrix groups
too) into permutation groups using the regular permutation action.

\subsection{Selecting minimal generators}
\label{subsection:gsm}
To choose minimal generators for a $p$-group~$G$ in pc-presentation,
\pres. first asks \Mag. for the Frattini subgroup~$\Phi(G)$, and sets
$H = \Phi(G)$.  Then it selects an element $g \in G - H$, adds this to the
list of generators, and replaces $H$~by $\langle g, H\rangle$.  This
is repeated until $H$~is equal to~$G$.  At this point the elements~$g$
constitute a minimal generating set.

There remains the question of which element of~$G-H$ to select at each stage.
Two generator selection methods were investigated:
\begin{itemize}
\item
The most obvious method: pick $g \in G - H$ completely at random.
Minimal generators constructed in this way are called
\emph{arbitrary} minimal generators.
\item
Calculate the exponent of each element of $G-H$,
and pick~$g$ at random from amongst those with the smallest exponent.
Such minimal generators are called \emph{smallest exponent} minimal generators.
\end{itemize}
The merits of these two methods are compared in Section~\ref{section:results}\@.
By default, \pres. uses the smallest exponent method for~$\operatorname{LL}$, and
the arbitrary method for~$\operatorname{RLL}$\@.

\subsection{The nontips tree}
The group generators are passed to the C programs as a list of permutations.
For the Jennings ordering, generator dimensions are passed too.  The \Gro.
basis is now determined by the method for the chosen ordering given above.

The nontips are words, and all proper subwords of a nontip are again nontips.
Hence the most natural way to store the nontips is as a tree, in which
the children of a word~$w$ are the nontips of the form $w.a$ with $a \in A$,
the set of algebra generators.
On the other hand, the nontips constitute an ordered basis, and so we also want
to be able to address them as an array.

In \pres., the nontips are stored as a length~$|G|$ array of \pathn.s.
The class \pathn. contains
\begin{itemize}
\item the word~$w$ itself, its array index and its length
\item an array of pointers to its children, indexed by the elements of~$A$\@.
(If $w.a$ is a tip, then the corresponding pointer is null.)
\item a pointer to the parent word.  Also, which child of the parent it is.
\end{itemize}
The nontips are stored in the array in ascending order for~$\operatorname{LL}$, and in
descending order for $\operatorname{RLL}$ and the Jennings ordering.  This means that
the root of the tree is always located in the first entry of the array;
and that
the nontips tree can be built \emph{while} the nontips are being determined.

For the second point, observe that the $\operatorname{LL}$ nontips are determined in
ascending order.  Also, the number of length~$r$ $\operatorname{RLL}$ nontips is known
in advance, and they are determined in ascending order after all nontips
of smaller length have been determined.  Hence for $\operatorname{LL}$ and $\operatorname{RLL}$, the index
of each nontip is known the moment it is identified as a nontip.

Strictly, the Jennings nontips are an exception here.  They are written down
in lexicographical order, and then sorted into Jennings order.

\subsection{The components of \pres.}
The package \pres. consists of the package \MB. of \Mag. functions,
and four C programs.

The \Mag. function \mB. constructs nontips and action matrices for the
$\operatorname{LL}$ and $\operatorname{RLL}$ orderings.  A variant has a user-defined number of
attempts at finding the smallest \Gro. basis.
The function \mJB. constructs nontips and action matrices for the Jennings
ordering.  There is no need to have repeated attempts.

For each ordering, a flag allows the user to insist that the defining group
generators are used.  This eliminates the random component.

The C programs \mnt. and \mam. are invoked by the \Mag. functions to determine
the nontips and the action matrices respectively.  The program \dms.
can then be used to write out the \Gro. basis and the minimal tips.
The utility program \gi. prints out relevant statistics on the groups
by decoding the nontips file header.

\section{Results and conclusions}
\label{section:results}
The package \pres. was used to compare the orderings $\operatorname{LL}$~and $\operatorname{RLL}$.
The groups used in the comparison were: all $51$ groups of order~$32$;
all $267$ groups of order~$64$; and eight Sylow $p$-subgroups of
sporadic finite simple groups.

Define $\operatorname{LL}(G)$ to be the smallest size of a \Gro. basis for the relations
ideal with respect to the $\operatorname{LL}$ ordering.  Define $\operatorname{RLL}(G)$
similarly for~$\operatorname{RLL}$\@.  Using \pres. we can obtain empirical
approximations $\operatorname{eLL}(G)$~and $\operatorname{eRLL}(G)$ to these numbers.

By Propostion~\ref{prop:Jennings}, all \Gro. bases for the Jennings ordering
have the same size~$\operatorname{Je}(G)$.  This is $\frac12 n(n+1)$ for a group
of order~$p^n$.

\subsection{Groups of order 32}
There are 51 groups of order 32.  The smallest \Gro. basis found in twenty
attempts was recorded for each combination of: group, ordering ($\operatorname{LL}$~or $\operatorname{RLL}$)
and generator selection method (arbitrary or smallest).

For the~$\operatorname{RLL}$ ordering, the generator selection method made no difference.
For~$\operatorname{LL}$, smallest minimal generators yielded a smaller \Gro. basis in three
cases: one less element for two groups, and three less for one group.

The comparative performance of the two orderings is shown below.  The most
extreme difference was for the group with Hall--Senior number~$43$, where
$\operatorname{eLL} = 31$ and $\operatorname{eRLL} = 10$.
\[
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.2}
\begin{array}{@{}l||c|c|c|c|c|c@{}}
d := \operatorname{eLL} - \operatorname{eRLL} & d < 0 & d = 0 & 1 \leq d \leq 3 & 4 \leq d \leq 6 &
7 \leq d \leq 9 & d \geq 10 \\
\hline
\text{No.\@ of groups} & 0 & 17 & 16 & 8 & 7 & 3
\end{array}
\]

\subsection{Groups of order 64}
\label{subsection:64}
There are 267 groups of order 64.  The smallest \Gro. basis found in twenty
attempts was recorded for each combination of group, ordering
and generator selection method.

For the~$\operatorname{RLL}$ ordering, smallest minimal generators yielded a larger \Gro.
basis in $63$ cases, and a smaller \Gro. basis in one case.  Each time, the
difference was only one element.
For~$\operatorname{LL}$, smallest minimal generators yielded a smaller \Gro. basis in $97$
cases, with mean difference~$3.3$; and a larger \Gro. basis in $69$ cases,
with mean difference~$4.6$.

The comparative performance of the two orderings is shown below.  The most
extreme difference was for the group with Hall--Senior number~$187$, where
$\operatorname{eLL} = 57$ and $\operatorname{eRLL} = 10$.
\[
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.2}
\begin{array}{@{}l||c|c|c|c|c|c@{}}
d := \operatorname{eLL} - \operatorname{eRLL} &
d < 0 &
d = 0 &
1 \leq d \leq 8 &
9 \leq d \leq 16 &
17 \leq d \leq 32 &
d \geq 33 \\
\hline
\text{No.\@ of groups} & 0 & 29 & 112 & 73 & 50 & 3
\end{array}
\]

\subsection{Sylow $p$-subgroups of sporadic finite simple groups}
One of the main applications driving the development of group cohomology
software is calculating the cohomology rings of sporadic finite
simple groups.  So Sylow $p$-subgroups of these groups are
important examples for \pres..  Moreover, they are a good source of larger
$p$-groups.

The sensitivity of \Gro. basis size to generator choice was investigated
by looking at four such Sylow $p$-subgroups.
The program was run thirty times for each combination of: group, ordering
($\operatorname{LL}$~or $\operatorname{RLL}$) and generator selection method.
The results are shown in Tables \ref{table:LLsmall}~and \ref{table:RLLsmall}\@.
We give the smallest and largest sizes of \Gro. basis found, together with
mean and standard deviation.

\begin{table}
\makebox[\linewidth][c]{$
\begin{array}{l|l||r|r|r|r||r|r|r|r}
\multicolumn2{c||}{} & \multicolumn4{c||}{\text{Arbitrary}} &
\multicolumn4{c}{\text{Smallest exponent}} \\
\hline
\text{Group} & \text{Order} & \text{Min} & \text{Max} &
\multicolumn1{c|}{\mu} & \multicolumn1{c||}{\sigma}
&
\text{Min} & \text{Max} &
\multicolumn1{c|}{\mu} & \multicolumn1{c}{\sigma}
\\
\hline
\Syl2(\text{\sl HS}) & 2^9 & 128 & 338 & 261 & 50 &
104 & 127 & 114 & 5 \\
\Syl2(M_{24}) & 2^{10} & 433 & 906 & 706 & 101 &
183 & 543 & 373 & 81 \\
\Syl2(\text{\sl Co}_3) & 2^{10} & 502 & 871 & 690 & 92 &
212 & 574 & 405 & 85 \\
\Syl3(\text{\sl McL}) & 3^6 & 126 & 333 & 258 & 50 &
133 & 245 & 197 & 43 \\
\hline
\end{array}
$}
\caption{Generator selection methods compared for~$\operatorname{LL}$\@.
Each sample size: 30.}
\label{table:LLsmall}
\end{table}

\begin{table}
\makebox[\linewidth][c]{$
\begin{array}{l|l||r|r|r|r||r|r|r|r}
\multicolumn2{c||}{} & \multicolumn4{c||}{\text{Arbitrary}} &
\multicolumn4{c}{\text{Smallest exponent}} \\
\hline
\text{Group} & \text{Order} & \text{Min} & \text{Max} &
\multicolumn1{c|}{\mu} & \multicolumn1{c||}{\sigma}
&
\text{Min} & \text{Max} &
\multicolumn1{c|}{\mu} & \multicolumn1{c}{\sigma}
\\
\hline
\Syl2(\text{\sl HS}) & 2^9 & 10 & 13 & 11.0 & 1.1 &
11 & 13 & 11.9 & 0.9 \\
\Syl2(M_{24}) & 2^{10} & 15 & 22 & 17.3 & 1.5 &
15 & 20 & 17.1 & 1.0 \\
\Syl2(\text{\sl Co}_3) & 2^{10} & 13 & 21 & 15.5 & 1.7 &
13 & 21 & 16.2 & 2.0 \\
\Syl3(\text{\sl McL}) & 3^6 & 11 & 14 & 11.8 & 1.0 &
12 & 14 & 12.6 & 0.9 \\
\hline
\end{array}
$}
\caption{Generator selection methods compared for~$\operatorname{RLL}$\@.
Each sample size: 30.}
\label{table:RLLsmall}
\end{table}

In Table~\ref{table:allspor}, we compare smallest \Gro. basis sizes for
all three orderings by looking at eight Sylow $p$-subgroups of
sporadic finite simple groups.  Each empirical value is based on at least
twenty calculations.

\begin{table}
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.2}
\makebox[\linewidth][c]{$
\begin{array}{l||r|r|r|r|r|r||r|r}
& \multicolumn6{c||}{\text{Sylow $2$-subgroup of}} &
\multicolumn2{c@{}}{\text{$\Syl3$ of}} \\
& M_{22} & \text{\sl HS} & M_{24} & \text{\sl Co}_3 & \text{\sl Suz} & \text{\sl Ru} & \text{\sl McL} & \text{\sl Suz} \\
\hline \hline
\text{Order} & 2^7 & 2^9 & 2^{10} & 2^{10} & 2^{13} & 2^{14} & 3^6 & 3^7 \\
\hline
\operatorname{eLL} & 34 & 104 & 150 & 236 & 2669 & 3111 & 126 & 417 \\
\hline
\operatorname{eRLL} & 8 & 9 & 15 & 13 & 21 & 18 & 11 & 13 \\
\hline
\operatorname{Je} & 28 & 45 & 55 & 55 & 91 & 105 & 21 & 28
\end{array}
$}
\caption{Smallest known \Gro. bases.  Each sample size at least 20.}
\label{table:allspor}
\end{table}

\subsection{Conclusions}
\Gro. bases for the length-lexicographical ordering~$\operatorname{LL}$ are consistently
much larger than for the reverse length-lexicographical ordering~$\operatorname{RLL}$.
In Table~\ref{table:allspor}, the size of the smallest $\operatorname{LL}$ \Gro. basis
lies between 14\% and 33\% of the group order.  This means that
the $\operatorname{LL}$ ordering is unsuitable for $p$-group algebras.

By contrast, $\operatorname{RLL}$ consistently yields very small \Gro. bases:
the size behaving very roughly as the logarithm of the group order.  Moreover,
$\operatorname{RLL}$~allows one to read off the radical layers in the group algebra.  Hence
the $\operatorname{RLL}$ ordering is well-suited for computing
with $p$-group algebras.

The Jennings ordering also seems to be suitable for computing with $p$-group
algebras.  Finding Jennings generators is easy, and it would appear that all
Jennings generating sets are equally useful.  Many properties of a \Gro.
basis are invariants of the group's order, including the size.  \Gro. bases
are not as small as for~$\operatorname{RLL}$, but this is compensated for by the fact that
fewer multiplication operations are necessary to obtain the action of
the average minimal tip.

The smallest exponent generator selection method seems to deliver a
small $\operatorname{LL}$ \Gro. basis more often than the arbitrary method does:
see Table~\ref{table:LLsmall}.  However, there are numerous exceptions
amongst the groups of order~$64$.
For the $\operatorname{RLL}$ ordering, all evidence suggests that the smallest exponent
method should be avoided: it is no more reliable at yielding a small \Gro.
basis than the arbitrary method, and sometimes misses the
smallest \Gro. bases.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Summary: Resources for and about bisexual people.
This is a compilation of resources useful to bisexual and bifriendly people.
This document is a project of the Bisexual Resource Center <BRC@panix.com>.
Last uploaded on June 20, 1996.
Postal: POB 639, Cambridge Massachusetts 02140, USA.
numerous pamphlets, buttons, books, etc.
Bisexual Resource Centers in Boston and in Edinburgh.
entities which are sometimes confused, send mail to <brc@panix.com>.
of any version that is less than 2 months old at the time of distribution.
contributed information for this listing.
Bisexual Resource Center, P.O. Box 639, Cambridge Massachusetts 02140, USA.
Email: BRC@norn.com .  Phone: 617-424-9595.
Last uploaded on August 16, 1996.
hypermedia servers which browsers can get documents from.
searches of documents and databases.
usenet/news.answers/finding-sources" in the body.  me.
postings (like this one) made regularly to the net.
with "send usenet/news.answers/finding-sources" in the body.
A list of Frequently Asked Questions and their answers, about QRD.
Last uploaded on January 11, 1996.
MD,  4545 Park Blvd., #207, San Diego, CA 92116, USA.
BINE e.V., Postfach 619214, D-10923 Berlin, Germany.
1st, 1996:  Regular $70US, Student $50US.
EUROPRIDE:  Copenhagen 1996; Paris 1997.
Last uploaded on August 10, 1996.
Changes to the Bisexual Resource Guide, January, 1995 edition.
professionals for children age 12 and above.
body (the Subject: line is ignored).
of bisexual information from around the world.
Hands is US$16 in the US and US$20 elsewhere.
Apt 2, Hull, PQ, Canada, J8Z-1E4.
magazine in Dutch called "Bi-Nieuws".
are the keywords of the meetings.
thursdays between 13.00 and 17.00h.
Oxford OX1 2DU, UK.  Phone: (0865) 200030.
Bisexual Group, Cambridge University Bisexual Group.
Bisexuals at Partners  no longer exists.
37 Wharfdale Road, London N1 9SE, UK.
Meets every Thursday, no longer meets 3rd Saturdays.
group, who are trying to set up mixed meetings.
Postal: 60 The Pleasance, Edinburgh EH8 9TJ, UK.
no longer exists (see North East Group).
Preston Bisexual Group PO Box 375, Preston PR2 2UP, UK.
Division St, Sheffield S1 4GE, UK.
Now meets at members' houses, other details as before.
Phone: 031 557 3620, Thursdays 7:30-9:30.
marked "Reception").  Write to that address.
Dave Berry or see Bifrost for details.
Monthly bi club night  8.00pm to 2.00am on the 2nd Wednesday of each month.
of Sussex.  Open to non-students.  Phone: 0273 678152.
Campaigning and organising group for HIV prevention.
write c/o London Bisexual Group.
We meet on the 2nd and 4th Thursdays of each month.
Post Office Box 33292, Washington DC 20033, USA.
708-733-9590.  Caucus of LesBiGay United Methodists.
8601 Zuni #105, Denver Colorado 80221-7411, USA.
3801 N. Keeler Avenue, Chicago Illinois 60641, USA.
76 Clinton Avenue, Staten Island  New York 10301, USA.
Actual field work will begin, funds permitting, January 1995.
York, New York 10014-0533, USA.  Phone: 212-674-012.
For Lesbian and Gay (and now Bi!) catholics in the US.
serves the needs of lesbigay and questioning youth.
Lakemoore Drive SW, Olympia Washington 98512, USA.
California State University at Northridge.
lesbian or bisexual women under 24 years of age.
Trailer at California State University, Northridge.
Long Beach             Long Beach area bi activities: 310/669-4768.
BiNet Colorado         8601 Zuni #105, Denver Colorado 80221-7411, USA.
3352 North Paulina, Chicago, Illinois 60657, USA.
at 617-424-9595 for more info.
(612)722-5673 or Wally Swan (612)338-0209.
Phone: Rand (612)872-2241 or Tom (612)871-8410.
for meeting times and places.
self-identify as (or think they might be) bisexual.
BiRequest              A discussion group for bisexuals and bi-friendlies.
Studios, 28 Avenue A (between 2nd and 3rd Streets).
many ideas that YOU can bring.
Student Groups conference in September 1993.
ROBIN                  Richmond area.  Newsletter: Bi Lines.
list members find resources in their own communities.
BiAct-L                Announcements and discussions of bisexual activism.
available to reduce the number of mail messages.
are added to the list.
vkljuchenii v list. Dobro pozhalovat'!  Gala.
(no punctuation, no other text).
vary, but are mostly about happenings in the area.
manual or ask someone else who uses the same newsreader.
newsgroup for gays, bisexuals and lesbians.
people.  20-50 messages per day.
interest to lesbians and bi women.
alt.personals.bi      Newsgroup for personal ads by or for bisexuals.
straight people.  200+ messages per day.
loving more than one person at a time.
sub-forum of the HSX200 forum.
Forum' is a Bisexual Message Board.
send specifics to brc@panix.com for inclusion here.
#bi' command should connect you to the #bi channel.
[command]' for help with a particular command.
other issues of interest to bisexuals).
which won't fit in the monthly print newsletter.
Partners, Box 9685, Seattle, WA 98109-0685, USA.
Regular publication of articles on gay psychology.
folks or Quakers engage us elsewhere on the net.
Last uploaded on June 22, 1996.
Network.  Monthly about 15 pages $oz 20 p.a.
Subscriptions to the Australian Bisexual Network, P.O.
Box 490, Lutwyche, Australia 4030.
Network, PO Box 281, Broadway, NSW, Australia 2007.
or newsletter exchange.  Tel. 61-7-38572500.
Bisexuality - with ABN info, state & territory bi & partners groups info.
Bisexuality - with ABN info, info on ILGA.
What if My Husband or Boyfriend is Bisexual?
The Swingers Guide to Safe Fun Times - to be released in early 1996.
Men, Bisexuality and Sexual Health - to be released in early 1996.
All brochures will be released on audio cassette in early 1996.
Publishing), published by Lawrence and Wishart 1995.
Bisexual Lives         Published in London by Off Pink Publishing, 1988.
New York 13904-1580, USA.  ISBN 1-56023-033-9.
Southern Illinois University, Carbondale IL, USA.
ed. Rob Tielman, Manuel Carballo, & Art Hendriks.
3131 Western Avenue #410, Seattle, WA 98121-1028, USA.
issues relevant to lesbian and gay rights.
rev. ed. Rip Corley.  ed. by Jean Chang.  LC 89-82740.
Street, London EC1V 0DX, England. UK pounds 4.95.
International Gay/Les/Bi Student Group Directory.
request a copy or provide updates.
Open Hands             is published by the lesgay group of United Methodists.
23636, Washington, District Of Columbia 20026, USA.
originally appeared as Journal Of Homosexuality, vol.
11, nos. 1/2 (spring 1985).
071 1 (paperback); 1 85727 066 5 (hardback).
Slippery When Wet -- Bisexual.  Penetration positive. Queer.
California 94703, USA.  Email: slippery@netcom.com.
for 4 issues and a t-shirt.  Make check out to More!
Last uploaded on June 16, 1996.
onto your account.  End with "bye".
List of books with bisexual themes and/or characters.
Requests, additions, and corrections to M. S.
answers from soc.bi, the bisexual social newsgroup.
Reading list (short) for people in mixed-sexual-orientation relationships.
For more information, send mail to info@QRD.org .
(503) 221-0115.  Fax: (503) 228-1965.
Ave., Tallahasse, FL 32301.  Phone: 904-561-6336.
Lansing, MI 48909.  Phone: 517-887-2605.
US/Oregon              Support Our Communities Political Action Committee.
MCC/Knoxville, P.O. Box 2343, Knoxville, TN 37901.
Seattle, WA 98102.  Phone: 206-233-1932.
20852, USA.  Buttons and T-shirts.  Write for catalog.
Like A Diva            312-227-2588.  Call for catalog.
Don't Panic Designs    11264 Playa Ct., Culver City California 90230, USA.
Liberty Books          Austin, Texas, USA.  Phone: 800-828-1279.
Box 330, 70-A Greenwich Avenue, New York, NY 10011.
sells a number of Gay-oriented items through the mail.
Dan Kaufman Graphics   Dept I, PO Box 33714, Washington DC 20033-0714, USA.
OVERLOOK               Sells T-shirts and will soon have buttons and jewelry.
refreshingly positive light on being young and gay.
gay, lesbian and bisexual youth under 21.
Noble, WaldenBooks, BookStop and others.
We would like to make our literature available on audio tape, as well.
Audio tape/braille bi literature for people with visual impairments.
excuse of race, age, or disability.
organization in Portland, Oregon, USA.
bisexual BBS based out of Rochester, New York.
university, it is a community based group.
3325, London, Great Britain N1 9EQ.
bibliographic queries on bi-related subjects.
(University of  Western Sydney, Nepean).
Film: From Anais to Zee (not yet published).
of National Biways news magazine.


text:
Indo-French ties strengthened- French President Francois Hollande to be India's Republic Day Chief Guest
0 comments International Trade & Commerce
Since 1950, India has been following a special tradition for its Republic Day celebrations. A head of state of another country is invited to preside over the celebrations on 26 January every year. In 2015, President Barack Obama was the guest of honour at the celebrations in New Delhi. This year, India has invited French President Francois Hollande as the chief guest at India's 67th republic day parade.
"This invitation conveys the excellent quality and dynamism of the strategic partnership between India and France, which will be further strengthened on this occasion," the French Embassy in India commented in its press release.
The two countries have shared important ties for decades that have been further strengthened in recent years. There have been several diplomatic visits by leaders of both countries demonstrating an interest in trade expansion.
Indo-French Trade Ties
In 2014, there was a 73% increase in FDI inflows from France compared to the year 2013. There are at least 750 French subsidiaries employing 240,000 people in India. These French companies in India span across sectors such as technology, communications, banking, food processing and pharmaceuticals. Indian companies such as Larsen & Toubro, Mahindra & Mahindra and Crompton Greaves have invested in France.
Expanding the Strategic Partnership w/France. PM @narendramodi holds delegation level talks w/ President @fhollande pic.twitter.com/WmXOvJD3Tn
— Vikas Swarup (@MEAIndia) 25 Janvier 2016
The countries also share close ties in the space of security, defence, space and civil nuclear issues. It was with France that India first entered into civil nuclear energy cooperation in 2008. In fact, India is in its penultimate phase of sealing a crucial defence deal of buying 36 Rafale fighter jets from France. The agreement on which will be signed during the scheduled visit of the French President. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi has already visited France twice in 2015 – In April and in November for the Paris Climate Change Conference. During Modi's April visit the two countries singed 20 pacts across areas such as sustainable development, urban development, railways, space and nuclear energy. The Indian Prime minister also emphasized his 'Make in India' campaign to encourage France to source more parts from India. Francois Hollande's impending visit will be the 5th time a French leader is a guest of honour at India's republic day parade. Prime Minister Jacques Chirac was the chief guest in 1976 as well as 1998; President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing was invited in 1980, while President Nicolas Sarkozy was part of the republic day celebrations in 2008.
"I'd like once more to thank India for its welcome" says PrezHollande after being greeted by PrezMukherjee & PM Modi pic.twitter.com/IrPX1nLOfC — Ambassador Richier (@FranceinIndia) 25 Janvier 2016
Elizabeth Raj | Blogger- Arsha Consulting
Image credit: Narendramodi Official

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Sarcofahrtiopsis farri är en tvåvingeart som beskrevs av Carroll William Dodge 1965. Sarcofahrtiopsis farri ingår i släktet Sarcofahrtiopsis och familjen köttflugor.

Artens utbredningsområde är Texas. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Köttflugor
farri

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Investing Caffeine
Podcast & Books
Sidoxia
The Curious Case of Gen Y and Benjamin Button
September 14, 2010 at 11:12 pm 1 comment
If a current Gen Y-er aged backwards like Benjamin Button, he would feel right at home when it comes to investing, because acute conservatism and risk aversion have struck older and younger generations alike. The Curious Case of Benjamin Button is a story that follows the critical peaks and valleys of a boy born in his eighties, who immediately begins to reverse the aging process. Investors of all ages have suffered their peaks and valleys over the last decade, and these experiences have impacted investing attitudes and perceptions heavily during the prime earning years. For retirees, it's virtually impossible for extreme events like the Great Depression, World War II, Vietnam, Kennedy's assassination, and Nixon's impeachment to NOT have had an influence on individuals' investing behavior.
Investing Consequences on Younger Investors
If a younger Mr. Button were still alive today, there is no doubt the disheartening events experienced in his 80s would only become reinforced by the bleak occurrences in 2008-2009. His reverse aging would not only have allowed him to witness the collapse of Lehman Brothers, but also behold the demise and bailout of other gargantuan financial institutions. Today, if Benjamin wasn't busy watching the MTV Video Music Awards, he would most likely be diligently managing his bullet-proof portfolio of cash, CDs (Certificates of Deposit), Treasury bills, and maybe some tax-free municipals if he was feeling a little spunky.
The cautious stance of youthful savers was confirmed in a recent study conducted by Merrill Lynch Global Wealth Management. The report demonstrates how the recent financial crisis has had a severe dampening impact on the risk appetites of 18-34 year old "Millennials." So dramatic an effect was the recession, the nervous conservatism experienced by the 30-somethings was only rivaled by fear from 65 year olds. In fact, the 56% of young investors, who were more cautious today than a year ago, was the highest percentage registered by any age group.
Here's what Christopher Geczy adjunct associate professor of finance at University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School had to say about younger Millennials:
"We're coming off a series of financial crises that hit this young generation at points in their lives where external events shape strong opinions…Many of them have witnessed a decline in the wealth of their families and seen their parents delay retirement or even return to the workforce."
Beyond witnessing the challenges faced by their parents, the Millennials are encountering their own obstacles – such as joblessness. For those workers under age 35, the unemployment rate in August stood at more than 13% – significantly higher than the 9.6% national rate.
Note to Youths: Stocks for the Long Haul
In the typical life cycle of investing, investors flaunt a higher risk tolerance in their younger years and exhibit more risk aversion as they approach or enter retirement. Historically, this makes perfect sense because workers earlier in their careers have plenty of time to ride out the fluctuations associated with owning equities. Jeremy Siegel, professor at the Wharton University Professor, says stocks significantly outperform bonds by 6% per year over longer timeframes (see Siegel Digs in Heels).
For Gen Y-ers the larger risk is being too conservative, not too aggressive. Barry Nalebuff, a strategy professor at Yale's School of Management agrees:
"The biggest risk for this generation is that they'll live too long. With medical breakthroughs, the reality is that many of them will live beyond 100…The only way they have enough assets to last them is to invest in stocks. If they don't, a lot of people will have to keep working way past when they want to because they won't have enough money saved up."
Even for those downbeat on the domestic equity markets – rightfully so with no price gains achieved over the last decade – younger investors should not lose sight of the tremendous equity opportunities available internationally (see the Blowing the Perfect Investment Game).
For many people, reverse aging may be fun for a while, but for Benjamin Button, living through the Great Depression and multiple wars as an adult would likely dampen the mood and increase risk aversion dramatically. Millennials have persevered through difficult times too. Generation Y has survived two recessionary bubbles caused by excessive technology spending and consumer credit binging, both over a short timeframe. Becoming too conservative for these investors will feel comfortable in the short-run if uncertainty continues to prevail. But investing now with adequate, diversified equity exposure is the prudent course of action. Even a wrinkly Benjamin Button could agree, wisely investing in some equities during your earlier career sure beats working as a Wal-Mart (WMT) greeter into your 80s.
Read the full Money-CNN and Newsweek articles on the subject
Wade W. Slome, CFA, CFP®
Plan. Invest. Prosper.
www.Sidoxia.com
DISCLOSURE: Sidoxia Capital Management (SCM) and some of its clients own certain exchange traded funds and WMT, but at the time of publishing SCM had no direct position in BAC/Merrill, Lehman, or any other security referenced in this article. No information accessed through the Investing Caffeine (IC) website constitutes investment, financial, legal, tax or other advice nor is to be relied on in making an investment or other decision. Please read disclosure language on IC "Contact" page.
Entry filed under: Behavioral Finance, Themes - Trends. Tags: Asset Allocation, Benjamin Button, equities, investing, Millennials, risk aversion.
From Bearded Monks to Greek Decline	Questioning the Death of Buy & Hold Investing
1 Comment Add your own
1. Andrew | September 15, 2010 at 11:47 am
Holy crap! That photo of that kid is absolutely disgusting. Who does that and why would anyone want to do that?
Anyway, I think that I'm different than most young investors because I only invest long-term, hardly any short-term. Short-term for me is maybe five years. My investments are doing very well as we speak.
I also hear doing the whole DXD Call Trade thing is a good move.
I apologize in advance for the lack of financial terms, but I don't work in the sector. I work in publishing.
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#1--Common Stocks and Uncommon Profits (Philip A. Fisher)
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#7--The World Is Flat (Thomas Friedman)
#8--How to Make Money in Stocks (William O'Neil)
#9--How to Make Money Selling Stocks Short (William O'Neil & Gil Morales)
#10--Reminiscences of a Stock Operator (Edwin Lefèvre)
#11--Liar's Poker (Michael Lewis)
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The MAGIC Tradeshow in Las Vegas needed a video to pump people up and show how impactful going to the show can be for businesses.
Our professional video crew made a minute and a half long commercial with fast paced cuts, exciting music, and testimonials of business owners that attended the event.
Contact us today to get your own professional video!


To generate out of ordinary and innovative ideas so as to Provide exceptional services.
We strive to excel in the field of Events & Communications by constantly upgrading ourselves with the changing market needs to become a major event management firm of India.
To constantly research and develop new strategies, Technologies and skills that will help us to work with our clients for their long term benefit.


As Unitarian Universalists, we dedicate ourselves to one another, to promise our mutual trust and support in and among our congregations. It takes a high level commitment of money, time and leadership to realize our vision and sustain our ministries and programs. One of the ways we provide support is through our financial giving. Whether we commit ourselves to a proportion of our income, a weekly contribution through bill pay or make a generous contribution to the weekly offering, our giving matters.
Giving and generosity are matters of the spirit and at the heart of stewardship. Giving is a spiritual discipline, a practice that reflects one's religious values, spiritual depth and maturity. Becoming a generous person involves a lifelong developmental process, which begins in infancy and evolves with each experience of receiving and giving.


Turned power on and when throttle is pressed you hear relay click on speed controller. Used meter to test if power going to motor. Was getting 14 volts if I'll give it 20% throttle than above that voltage drops. Battery check good. Could be a failed soped controller or something else?
The Razor Crazy Cart's controllers sends pulse width modified electricity to the motor which can not be accurately read by a multimeter, so testing the controller's motor output wires is not an accurate way to troubleshoot the problem.
However since there was electricity at the controller's motor output wires that indicates that the wiring harness, fuse, and power switch are good so you can rule them out as being the problem.
One of the most common Crazy Cart problems is a broken motor wire. To check for this problem turn the power on and press the throttle while slowly turning the steering wheel back and forth all the way from left to right. If the motor runs momentarily during this test then one of its motor wires is broken under the wire insulation and that section of the wire needs to be repaired or replaced. If the motor does not run during this test then wire the motor connector directly to a source of DC power like the cart's battery pack or a car battery charger and perform the same test. If the motor continuously runs when connected directly to a DC power source and the steering wheel is turned all the way from left to right then it and its wires are good and the problem is elsewhere.
The next most common problem is a battery pack that drops too much Voltage under load. When the battery pack Voltage drops under 23 Volts the controller will not run the motor. To load test the battery pack, monitor its Voltage when the power switch is on and the throttle is fully pressed. It will not drop under 23 Volts during this test if the battery pack is good. If it drops under 23 Volts then it needs to be replaced. This load test will not work if a motor wire is broken, or another part has failed, so it is best to perform this test after testing the motor wires.
The batteries can also be load tested with a carbon pile battery load tester, or at a local battery store, for a more accurate load test without interference from possible faulty parts on the cart.
The problem could also be the controller, however there is no way to test the controller without having a test bench full of equipment specifically designed for testing controllers, so testing the other parts that are connected to the controller is the best way to diagnose the problem outside of a repair shop.
Hopefully this will help you to successfully diagnose the problem. Please let us know how if you have any questions, and how it goes.


Looking for Accent Chairs Aldis for your home??
When enhancing a living space, priority is usually offered to the sofa. That's where you wish to invest your difficult earned money and also rightfully so. But, accent chairs can additionally be a significant focal point! You desire them to be comfortable, yet also a trendy option to draw your area together. Fortunately? There appear to be extra inexpensive alternatives than ever before that fulfill both the needs. We have actually rounded up 50 of our faves (with fifty percent priced at much less than $250).
Do you have a decoration weakness as I have? Whenever I determined to decorate my space one of one of the most I like to décor with a lovely accent chair, as they are elegant as well as vivid adequate to add a fast upgrade of your living or workplace room.
Take into consideration including a set of finest accent chairs in your guestroom/office area to guarantee an exceptional look. There are couple of different kinds of accent chair available out there. So, it can be perplexing for you to choose the ideal one.
A few of them are with armrest, as well as couple of are armless accent chair. A few of them are created as a club chair. However I discovered the best design for home is the sandal accent chair. This armless models can be put at any smallest space quickly.
If you think that is difficult to pick the excellent suit chair for your residence, then I am here with the leading rated versions of the marketplace.
Modern or Vintage Accent Chairs Aldis for your Home?
Roundhill Furniture Botticelli English Letter Print Textile Armless Contemporary Accent Chair offers amazing comfort, many thanks to the seat and also back padding. The furniture material is a polyester cotton fabric and also made tightly that provides it toughness.
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1952 West Virginia inspection sticker - $20.00 : Bob Hoyts Classic Inspection Stickers, Add a Final Touch to your Restoration!
This 1952-53 WV inspection sticker was created from an old nearly illegible original.
We are looking for any stickers we do not show here or photos to correct any that we do have.
For an additional $10.00 buyer can add license plate number to this sticker.


As I prepared for my next Rhythm & Views blog, I began thinking about all of the things happening this past weekend on Maui. Slightly Stoopid was in Lahaina — and on my plane flight back from California. Jim Gaffigan was at the MACC — and on some plane flight from the Mainland to Maui. And The Reflectacles were going to play two shows — Friday night at Stella Blues and Saturday night at Charley's — apparently flying in all the way from sunny Los Angeles.
I managed to make it to the MACC and Charley's, hoping that a great blog idea would find its way into my brain before Sunday arrived.
I saw a good comedy show and several great bands between May 21-23; but the one thing that will always make the weekend stand out in my mind had nothing to do with comedy or a rock concert.
For me, the weekend — specifically, Saturday night at Charley's — will always be memorable because it was the day I first saw Willie Nelson without his long braids.
Yes, Willie cut his hair. I thought of describing it like McDonald's without the Golden Arches, Snoop Dogg not stoned or Courtney Love with a good attitude — but none of those capture the wallop upside my head when I spotted Willie without his long locks.
Maybe Bret Michaels without his bandanna would meet my needs.
As my mind processed the reality — it's just hair, Zan — I think back on the music. There was some good stuff going down Saturday night in Maui's little North Shore hippie town.
The evening opened with the Sugarcane String Band whose mix of bluegrass, country, rock, island and blues had people dancing and singing along as if they were listened to their favorite classic rock act.
Next up was Folk Uke, a duo that has not forgotten the importance of humor in music. The one song people kept telling me about, "S*#t Makes The Flowers Grow," did not disappoint. With lyrics that explore the life-purpose of less-than-desirable people in our lives — Cathy Guthrie and Amy Nelson's music has helped them carve out a niche of their own while growing up in the shadow of two very famous musician fathers, Arlo Guthrie and Willie Nelson.
You can read about The Reflectacles in my Rhythm & Views blog on Maui No Ka Oi Magazine's website. They were pretty great on their own, and rocked when Willie joined them for a set.
By the way, Willie wails on the electric guitar. Having only seen him play his acoustic "Trigger," I was delighted to see that Nelson can break out the rock chops on demand.
What a rock star, braids or no braids! His kids and their friends aren't to shabby either.
You can find more information on The Reflectacles, Folk Uke and Sugarcane String Band on their respective MySpace. Facebook and web pages.
Thanks for the pics and first hand stories!
Back at you for posting my piece on your site!
Very kind. Thanks so much.


Fashion Exchange is a one stop shop for all you fashion lovers, you name it and we have it. Discover apparel, shoes, bags, accessories to other must have fashion essentials right under one roof.
Calling out all the food aficionados and foodies, discover Food Nation, a place for all tastes. Enjoy fine dining, ethnic food outlets, fast food munchies that caters to your taste buds. May you have a belly full time!
After a successful Mall Warriors Challenge last year, season 3 is back and is bigger than ever.


text:
<?php
date_default_timezone_set('America/Sao_Paulo');
set_time_limit(0);
/**
 * This makes our life easier when dealing with paths. Everything is relative
 * to the application root now.
 */
chdir(dirname(__DIR__));

// Setup autoloading
require 'init_autoloader.php';

// Run the application!
Zend\Mvc\Application::init(require 'config/application.config.php')->run();

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Rails 4.0 store temporary CSV file I am attempting to load a CSV file through a submit_tag form. I need the CSV contents to be stored in memory so that I can use them to send emails to all of the contacts loaded in from the CSV. I then need to scrap the CSV file and forget about it.
Does anyone have a reference or tips on how to store a csv file into memory, perform some actions on it, and then forget about it?

A: In your controller action that receives the submit action from your form, your CSV file will be available as a File IO object in your params hash. So you can just load a CSV object from there, e.g.
require 'csv' # Ruby standard library

...

def create
  ...
  csv = CSV.load params[:csv_file]
  # use your in-memory csv object and forget about it afterwards
  ...
end

Check out http://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.0.0/libdoc/csv/rdoc/CSV.html for more reference.
You can also pass an IO object to CSV.open like this:
CSV.open(params[:csv_file]) do |csv|
  # do something with your csv data
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Colin Luther Powell (5. dubna 1937 New York, USA – 18. října 2021 Bethesda, Maryland, USA) byl americký politik a generál, v letech 2001–2005 ministr zahraničních věcí Spojených států amerických.

Kariéra
Colin Powell se narodil 5. dubna 1937 ve čtvrti Harlem, která patří k Manhattanu, jamajským rodičům – Maudě Arialové (za svobodna McKoyové) a Lutheru Theophilovi Powellovi. Také má skotské předky. Vyrůstal v jižním Bronxu a studoval na Univerzitě George Washingtona.

Jako generál americké armády vykonával v době vlády Ronalda Reagana v letech 1987–1989 funkci poradce pro národní bezpečnost. V letech 1989–1993 byl předsedou Sboru náčelníků a v této funkci vedl americká vojska během války v Zálivu. V roce 1993 mu Ronald Reagan udělil ocenění Ronald Reagan Freedom Award.

Ve funkci ministra zahraničních věcí byl od 20. ledna 2001 do 23. ledna 2005 v kabinetu prezidenta George W. Bushe. Prezident Bush jej do funkce navrhl 16. prosince 2000 a poté, co jej Kongres Spojených států amerických jednomyslně schválil, stal se Powell historicky nejvýše postaveným Afroameričanem v americké vládě. Ve funkci ho nahradila Condoleezza Riceová.

V závěru života trpěl Parkinsonovou nemocí a mnohočetným myelomem. Zemřel 18. října 2021, ve věku 84 let, kdy podlehl komplikacím spojeným s covidem-19.

Ministr zahraničních věcí USA
Ve funkci ministra zahraničí byl v době, kdy prezident George W. Bushe v reakci na teroristické útoky 11. září 2001 zahájil dvě války. Prezident se v té době spokojil pouze s první rezolucí Rady bezpečnosti OSN, tedy s tím, že Tálibán v Afghánistánu v roce 2001 a Husajnův režim v Iráku v roce 2003 byly označeny za hrozbu pro mezinárodní mír a bezpečnost. Ani v jednom případě prezident nepočkal na druhou větu, kterou by mu Rada bezpečnosti OSN dala "zmocnění použít všech nezbytných prostředků". Colin Powell se před válkou v Iráku, 5. února 2003, osobně obrátil přímo na Radu bezpečnosti OSN s ujištěním, že má všechny důkazy o nespolehlivosti představitele Iráku a současně potvrdil, že existuje spojení mezi Saddámem Husajnem a teroristickou organizací Al-Káida. Později vyšlo najevo, že Powell v tomto projevu pronesl několik záměrných, vědomých a prokazatelných lží, kdy argumentoval proti poznatkům vlastního týmu pro zpravodajství a výzkum (INR), a dopustil se několika argumentačních triků, včetně záměrného vynechání několika "nevhodných" skutečností či vyrábění ad hoc důkazů.

Powellův projev měl velký vliv jak na veřejné mínění v USA tak i na mezinárodní scéně. Válka v Iráku byla zahájena dne 20. března 2003.

Zbraně hromadného ničení nebyly v Iráku nalezeny, spojení Saddáma Husseina s Al-Káidou neexistovalo. Powell později uznal, že invaze do Iráku bylo špatné rozhodnutí a v otázce na jeho projev před OSN a jeho následky spíše než vinu cítí, že byl zmanipulován scestnými důkazy a projev v OSN vidí jako "nejhorší bod své kariéry".

Odkazy

Reference

Související články
 Válka v Afghánistánu (2001–2021)
 Válka v Iráku

Externí odkazy

Ministři zahraničí USA
Vláda George W. Bushe
Vláda Ronalda Reagana
Členové Republikánské strany (USA)
Američtí generálové
Osobnosti irácké války
Afroameričané
Američané jamajského původu
Američané skotského původu
Absolventi Univerzity George Washingtona
Nositelé Prezidentské medaile svobody
Komandéři Řádu čestné legie
Nositelé Zlaté medaile Kongresu
Narození v roce 1937
Narození 5. dubna
Narození v New Yorku
Úmrtí v roce 2021
Úmrtí 18. října
Úmrtí v Bethesdě (Maryland)
Zemřelí na covid-19 v USA
Muži
Američané 21. století
Nositelé Air Medal
Pohřbení na Arlingtonském národním hřbitově


Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and Chinese president, emphasized on Sunday the importance of art and cultural exchanges with the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.
Xi commended exchanges as an important, unique and traditional component in their bilateral ties as he and his wife, Peng Liyuan, met with a visiting DPRK art troupe led by Ri Su-yong, a member of the Political Bureau of the Workers' Party of Korea Central Committee.
He called the visit of the DPRK troupe an important cultural exchange for implementing the consensus reached by the two sides, as well as a significant event in the celebration of the 70th anniversary of the establishment of China-DPRK diplomatic relationship. It will be a great success in cementing the friendship between the two peoples, he added.
Xi recalled the four meetings with Kim Jong-un, chairman of the WPK and chairman of the State Affairs Commission of the DPRK, since 2018.
China stands ready to work with the DPRK to implement the consensus reached between the two sides on the development of China-DPRK relations in the new era, so as to better benefit the two peoples and contribute to world peace, stability, development and prosperity, Xi said.
He called for joint efforts in implementing the consensus on strengthening art and cultural exchanges and cooperation in order to consolidate the foundation of goodwill of the people, carry forward traditional friendship and promote the development of respective socialist cultures.
Ri, also vice-chairman of the WPK Central Committee and director of the party's International Department, told Xi that the visit and art performance represented Kim's deep feelings toward Xi and the DPRK people's profound friendship with the Chinese people.
The DPRK will earnestly implement the consensus reached by Kim and Xi, strengthen friendly cooperation and contribute to writing a new chapter in DPRK-China friendship, Ri added.
Xi and Peng watched a performance by the DPRK artists after the meeting. The performance featured songs that are famous and popular in the DPRK and China.
The visit of the DPRK troupe was at the invitation of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee.
As part of cultural exchanges between the two neighbors, a Chinese delegation of literary and art workers visited Pyongyang in November. They engaged in friendly exchanges and a joint performance with their DPRK counterparts that was seen by Kim.


All around Steve Ayers' yard there are hints of what some may consider an obsession with rainfall and irrigation.
In flower beds and under oak trees, yellow cups made for measuring rain dot the landscape. An irrigation pressure reader hides in a front yard bush, and he even has a weather station positioned at the corner of his lanai roof.
"I'm not the typical resident," Ayers admits.
As one of five ad hoc irrigation committee members for the Country Club Edgewater Village Association, Ayers is keen on solving some of the community's irrigation-related issues. The Country Club Edgewater Village Association is the homeowners association for residents in the Lakewood Ranch Community Development Districts 2 and 5 portions of the Lakewood Ranch Golf and Country Club.
With the support of Braden River Utilities, the ad hoc committee has seen improvements in using less irrigation water throughout the district.
And with rainy season in full force, supervisors are considering what can be done to minimize water usage at a time when irrigation isn't actually needed. Florida yards require about an inch of water per week — a requirement that's been satisfied naturally since late May.
Even so, in June, the districts used 47 million gallons of water, which cost the CDD $57,000.
The water usage for CDDs 2 and 5 was 35 million gallons in June 2014, then fell to 25 million gallons in June 2015. However, it doubled to 50 million gallons in June 2016 followed by the 47 million gallons this past June.
The CDDs control irrigation lines and distribution, while the HOA enforces watering restrictions.
Options being discussed by the CDD include finding ways to encourage residents to turn off their systems during the rainy season, or a more drastic measure — turning off valves that supply irrigation water to district households during the rainy season.
Turning off valves would require ample upfront communication with residents, blackout periods on plantings and other means by which the district could help ensure no property damage occurs due to lack of water.
Lakewood Ranch Inter-District Authority Operations Director Paul Chetlain said his department uses the rainy season to install plant material, so such a change, while possible, would require careful planning and, in some instances, a delay in installing replacement plant materials.
Members of the irrigation committee hope near zero-water usage during the rainy season will have a great impact. For example, if the HOA and CDDs can show the Southwest Florida Water Management District, the agency tasked with water conservation in the region, that they are serious about water conservation, the district may consider relaxing watering restrictions in the winter months, when more water is needed.
Committee member Jack Kerber said even residents who balk at the idea of turning off their irrigation systems support it knowing it could result in increased dry-season watering.
Ayers and irrigation committee members also hope the water district and Braden River Utilities will partner to sponsor a soil-moisture sensor program, like they did in mid-2013. At that time, residents could install a soil-moisture sensor device and be refunded for it through the program.
The water district has expressed a reluctance to relaunch the program because only about 250 sensors were installed compared with the 400 available, Ayers said.
All around Steve Ayers' yard, there are hints of what some may consider an obsession with rainfall and irrigation.
In flower beds and under oak trees, yellow cups made for measuring rain, dot the landscape. An irrigation pressure reader hides in a front-yard bush and he even has a weather station positioned at the corner of his lanai roof.
As one of five ad hoc irrigation committee members for the Country Club Edgewater Village Association, Ayers is keen on solving some of the community's irrigation-related issues. The Country Club Edgewater Village Association is the homeowners association for residents in the Lakewood Ranch Community Development Districts 2 and 5 portions of the Lakewood Ranch Golf and Country Club.
And with rainy season in full force, supervisors are considering what can be done to minimize water usage at a time when irrigation isn't actually needed. Florida yards require about one-inch of water per week — a requirement that's been satisfied naturally since late May.
Ayers said the monthly average for water usage between CDDs 2 and 5 continues to grow, exceeding 110 million gallons in June, compared with about 70 million gallons in June 2015 and less than 40 million gallons in June 2014.
Options being discussed by the CDD include finding ways to encourage residents to turn their systems off during the rainy season, or a more drastic measure — turning off valves that supply irrigation water to district households during the rainy season.
Committee member Jack Kerber said even residents who balk at the idea of turning off their irrigation systems, support it knowing it could result in increased dry-season watering.
Ayers and irrigation committee members also hope the Water Management District and Braden River Utilities will partner to sponsor a soil-moisture sensor program, like they did in mid-2013. At that time, residents could install a soil-moisture sensor device and be refunded for it through the program.
The Water Management District has expressed a reluctance to relaunch the program because only about 250 sensors were installed compared with the 400 available, Ayers said. CEVA now is collecting a list of names of people interested in such a program so it can provide it to the Water Management District for consideration once interest is significant enough to restart that conversation. A longterm goal could be having a community-wide soil moisture sensor installation.
CDD 2 Supervisor Donald Avoloi, who serves on the irrigation committee, said he has been working on with vendors to get a group rate on the soil moisture sensors from about $370 per system to as little as $200. Across nearly 2,800 homes, however, "It's a big number,"— probably about $750,000— if the district were to cover those costs, Avolio said.


text:
Sean Saves the World: Pleasing Your Parents
I'm sad to say it, but Sean's ringtones may be the best thing about this show. Max just isn't interesting as his boss, and Lorna gets on my nerves as his mother. I'll give it another episode, but this comedy is on my watch list... it just seems so half-hearted. There's good talent and decent storylines, but I don't think they're played up to their full potential, and more jokes could probably be written in... unless they mean for more laughs to come from the physical comedy, which could well be the case. I also take issue with Sean and his boss commiserating over their parents... it's only the fourth episode! What are they setting up by having the two drink and complain?
Chris Haston/NBC
Sean Saves the World "Shut Your Parent Trap" (S01E04): Sean has to go to Max's apartment for a late-night meeting, and his coworkers all meet there as well. [ANOTHER late-night hotel meeting?? suspicious.] Max acts as if he has killed a room service guy and needs help getting rid of the body, except it's really just a team-building exercise. [what that...?!?] Sean is blamed for his team not being ready, but he doesn't see a problem, as they are good at their jobs. Sean tries to talk to Max about it, but everyone winds up having to work the weekend. [the conflicts weren't that interesting... Liz has a date, Hunter has a gig, and Sean has plans to watch all the Iron Man movies.]
Lorna comes to the office, and Max's dad, Lee, hits on her. Sean pretends that Lorna works in accounting, then brushes off the situation in an attempt to get Lee to get Max to treat the employees better. The old man will only do it if Sean can get him a date with Lorna, unaware that she's Sean's mother. Sean manages to convince her, and then drinks with Max while complaining about trying to impress their parents. [this scene REALLY could have been written better!] They go to the restaurant where their parents are dining, and both wind up showing their emotional sides. [but what was the point of that??]
In a side story, Lorna struggles with her smartphone, and Sean asks Ellie to show her how to use it. Ellie is paranoid that the woman will text her constantly, so she gives crazy directions. [kinda funny!] Sean then helps her, and, six hours later, she is able to send a text. [the fact that she played dumb for an extra 5.75 hours was pretty disturbing, if you ask me!]
by Amy K. Bredemeyer at 4:30 PM Topics: Amy K. Bredemeyer, Sean Saves the World, television reviews


Although the agricultural sector emerged as an anchor of South Africa's economy in the second quarter of this year growing by 33.6% quarter-on-quarter, a closer observation shows that things are not all rosy. The decline in agribusinesses confidence and persistent dryness in the Western Cape province could slow the performance of the sector in the short-to-medium term.
After declining by one index point in the second quarter of this year, the Agbiz/IDC Agribusiness Confidence Index declined further by two index points in the third quarter to 54 points. A reading above 50 indicates expansion in South Africa's agribusiness activity, which means conditions were still fairly favourable in the third quarter of the year but on a declining trend.
It remains unclear whether confidence could be revitalized in the short term, given the nature of the key drivers of the recent decline. These key drivers were the unfavourable weather conditions in the Western Cape province, as well as slow white maize export activity.
Just last week, the South African Weather Services indicated that the south-western parts of the country could remain dry and warm over the foreseeable future. This does not bode well for winter crops and horticulture in the Western Cape province which urgently needs rainfall to replenish lower soil moisture and dam levels.
The water levels in the Western Cape dams averaged 35% at the beginning of this week, which is 27% lower than the corresponding period last year. This is a cause for concern, not only because it is weighing on agribusinesses confidence, but the province's contribution to the agricultural economy. Data from Stats SA shows that the Western Cape contributes roughly 22% to total agricultural GDP.
The slow pace of white maize exports was also identified as one of the factors that were weighing on agribusinesses confidence, particularly the ones operating in the northern parts of the country. Unfortunately, this too is unlikely to change in the near term. As I indicated in this column on the 17th of August, South Africa's traditional export markets for white maize are well supplied due to large harvests in those countries. This means that the country will continue to see slow white maize export activity in the near term.
I place more emphasis on the Agbiz/IDC Agribusiness Confidence Index performance because it typically signals how South Africa's agricultural GDP could perform in the succeeding quarters. Thus, a decline in confidence suggests that the performance of the agricultural sector in the coming quarters might not be as robust as was observed in the first two quarters of this year.
Apart from the aforementioned agribusiness confidence constraining factors, the northern parts of the country could receive good rainfalls in the 2017/18 summer season. The South African Weather Services indicated that between October and December 2017, the north-eastern parts of the country could receive above normal rainfall and thereafter average showers. This bodes well for summer crops as it coincides with the planting period.
Above all, the agricultural sector will maintain the current positive GDP growth throughout the year despite the aforementioned factors. However, this will be at a relatively slower pace than previously observed. The impact of Western Cape drought on a crop such as winter wheat will be clear by the end of the month when the National Crop Estimate Committee releases its second production assessment. In their first estimate, the Committee slashed production by 16% year-on-year to 1.6 million tonnes. This means that South Africa will have to increase wheat imports in the 2017/18 season in order to meet the domestic demand. For horticulture, the impact of dryness might be clear towards the end of the year, but incoming reports from industry groups such as Hortgro paint a concerning picture regarding the production outlook in the province.


Beyond the focus on minimizing environmental impact, there's a huge focus on impacting the social environment as well. Incorporating social responsibility elements into a programme enhances attendee engagement, ensuring they feel empowered and are contributing to the positive impact of the community. During a recent event, we had a group build over 300 comfort kits which were donated to the Florida Hospital for Children. The kits consisted of all of the bath time essentials - soaps, toothpaste, even colouring supplies and of course, dinosaur sponges!


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0598: Merry Quizmas and a Happy New Earful 2019
Apparently, it's Christmas time - so to mark the event, here's the now obligatory and much despised MusicalTalk festive quiz – a merry mix of quirky questions and superb songs, all helpfully hosted by that professional halfwit, Thos. It's a star studded, tuneful little oasis of musical fun in an...
0597: 2018 in Review - A Big Leap Forward
2018 saw lots of musicals open in London that explored very modern themes - so, in no order, join Antonia and Nick as they discuss Chess, Hamilton, Bring it On, Chicago, The Band, Bat out of Hell, Strictly Ballroom, Everybody's Talking about Jamie, The King and I, Tina Turner, Fanatical, Little Shop of Horrors,...
0596: Our Love Never Dies for Phantom of the Opera
Nick recently shocked Tonia with news that he would be re-visiting Phantom of the Opera for the first time in over 15 years. Listen to hear his thoughts, how it compares to Love Never Dies and what Tonia has to say about the minor flaws with the operatic accuracy the show has.
0595: Tales and Tails
The lovely David Herzog leads you a conversational journey through this summer's Edinburgh Festival Fringe in a series of chats, interviews and songs as he meets the people who worked on Bark! the Musical and Chwedl, Fairytales from Wales. And there's a most unusual conversation with a goat in a (probably) unique...


Whip butter with electric mixer (I used my Kitchen Aid). Add sugar and beat on high until light and ever so fluffy.
Add honey and cinnamon. Beat until everything is combined, fluffy and delicious.
Store in the fridge until you use it yourself or give it as a gift presented in a sweet little jar. So easy! And yummy!
This entry was posted in Autumn, Baking, Cooking, Desserts, Easy entertaining, Gluten-free, Homemade gifts, Make ahead, Project Pinterest, So simple, Thanksgiving, Thrifty, Vegetarian and tagged butter, cinnamon, cinnamon honey butter, honey, honey butter, make-ahead, Thanksgiving, Thanksgiving for Dummies. Bookmark the permalink.
Yummy, this looks so good!!!
Oh my goodness it does sound delicious! I've made a praline butter once which was so yummy and perfect on pancakes! I'll have to make this one too! Looks perfect for banana bread and pancakes too!
OMG! This looks tempting!!! Happy thanksgiving !
Fantastic! Anything that can be made ahead of time is a win in my book.
WOW! I'm Aussie so Thanksgiving is all a bit new to me….I love the look of this recipe!!! Esp the honey butter!! Going to put that on EVERYTHING!
Hehe! 🙂 will be making it today!!
Why have I not heard of this divine mixture before? Honey butter….yum, my taste buds will be in for a treat when I make this.
This looks wonderful!!! I have often made honey butter — but never with cinnamon!
Flavoured butter! What a great idea!
I'll have to try this variety! Yummy!


Horror is a special genre of modern art which frightens audience not simply with images of blood, guts, smashed brains etc. but rather with an atmosphere of suspense. Horror tattoos are of that kind which is not pleasant to see, but impossible to tear one's eyes away.
The horror genre appeared in cinema and literature at the end of 1890-s. In 1896 Georges Méliès makes the movie The Haunted Castle and leads in the world usage of special effects – stop-motion techniques, time-lapse photography, multi-exposure etc. In 1920 Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau creates a big screen version of a Bram Stocker's novel "Dracula". In this way he created the image of the vampire and makes it recognizable and "Nosferatu, a Symphony of Horror" was the movie which made this image known all over the world. In the 20-s the movie gains its sound and the genre of horror develops to the new level. In 1928 the "Terror" was shown in cinemas, where people again hear the cinematic sound. The movie gave the whole picture of the horror genre of that time, unfortunately, it is considered to be lost.
Horror stories and movies hold their audience in suspense and unbearable tension, they tickle nerves and play with imagination at the emotional edge. The plot can develop around different supernatural characters – zombies, ghosts, demons as well as different maniacs, psychos, murderers. The Good fights against Evil and it is not obliged that the first one should always win. The stories of successful horrors are peppered with some shades of psychological games they play with the audience. Such artworks prove that to terrify someone there sometimes is no need of detailed visualization of somebody getting ripped apart.
The horror is not for everybody. As Stephen King once said, the majority adores getting frightened, but the majority is not everybody and fears never disappears with age it just transforms.
The fear in front of unknown – supernatural creatures, unexplainable mystical events.
The main and the most difficult horror author's task is to create and maintain the creepy atmosphere through the whole composition. Unpredictable plot twists, imagery, chains of events – all of these are aimed at an emotional response. Unfortunately, due to the high popularity of the genre, it gained overused clichés. Plenty of second-rate creations with routine plot stories full of clichés are produced annually, so the demand on high-quality horrors only grows.
The images of the famous horror movies or some characters and pictures produced by your own imagination – all would stick to the genre as long it is at least creepy, there are no restrictions. The realistic style prevails in tattoos of this kind. Red blood flowing down the face, the frozen moment of terror on the face, creepy portraits – there are only realistic techniques capable of depicting correctly the mix of tension and disgust of these scenes. These life-like pictures can be too much for some sensitive and emotional people, so it is better not to take this risk.
Such people are inclined to overreact and sometimes, for example, religiously-minded individuals are against this kind of tattoo art, even if they love it in general. They express their negative attitude very devotedly with predictable and clear language: "How can one love this disgusting blood and flesh on their body?", "What a freaks!", "Satan's adepts!" Any who is currently thinking about making a horror tattoo, should be ready to suffer all these judgmental comments of your parents and relatives, friends and, of course, an army of strangers, who have nothing to do with you and your body art, but they will definitely become your main critics. Especially, it concerns girls with "ugly" tattoos of the genre.
Take into consideration the consequences it can cause. Remember, that people have a very bad habit to overreact to "normal" tattoo design, especially to ideas of the horror genre. And you can get bored with such a creepy picture on your body. So, you better think twice.
☠ Go to the professional tattoo shop and work only with a professional tattoo artist specialized in realistic tattoos.
It is necessary if you want your body drawing to terrify surrounding with its life-likeness but not with its awful quality, you should work with artists who had years of experience creating realistic artworks, who know what they are doing and what they are doing it for. The artists who've proven their skill level with numerous satisfied clients.
☠ Create the tattoo idea together with an artist.
The horror tattoos are made in dark and intense shades of colors. There are no small-sized horror designs. It is better to make it big and impressive once than to correct and cover this tattoo with a bigger one later.


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SHEfinds / Celebrity / Chris Pratt's Got A New Girlfriend… And You've Definitely Seen Her Before
Chris Pratt's Got A New Girlfriend… And You've Definitely Seen Her Before
January 4, 2018 by Emily Belfiore
Chris Pratt and Anna Faris shocked the world when they announced that they were divorcing back in Aug. 2017, and now we're shocked to learn that Pratt might have a new girlfriend! The Guardians Of The Galaxy star is allegedly dating actress Olivia Munn. And apparently, the two have a "genuine connection."
[Photos: Splash]
"It started as a convenient rebound but blossomed into something very real and exciting," a source tells OK! Magazine. "Chris and Olivia have a genuine connection… She and Chris really like each other. They both want to see where this goes."
So, how did this all start? The two have been great friends since their appearance on The Late Late Show with James Corden in 2016, and they've been really supportive of each other during their breakups. Like Pratt, Munn has just gotten out of a serious long-term relationship with Packers Quarterback Aaron Rodgers. The couple of three years called it quits in April 2017, and it turns out that she "leaned" on Pratt during the breakup, according to a source. Wait, that's actually so cute!
Pratt isn't the only one moving on; Faris has got a new beau, too! The actress is currently dating cinematographer Michael Barrett. They've been spotted together several times showing PDA, and he's even met her son, Jack, 5!
We're happy to see that Chris Pratt and Anna Faris are moving on! What do you think of Chris & Olivia? Let us know your thoughts on this potential new A-list couple in the comments below!
anna faris, celebrity couples, celebrity news, chris pratt, olivia munn
Author: Emily Belfiore
Emily is SheFinds' resident beauty expert and pop culture enthusiast. In addition to covering the latest trends and developments in the beauty/skincare industry and reporting the latest on your favorite celebrities, Emily also contributes to SheFinds' fashion and weight loss/wellness sections. You can reach her at [email protected]


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Chanhassen Business Celebrates 10-year Anniversary
The Transformation Club in Chanhassen is celebrating ten years in business this month.
By: The Transformation Club
CHANHASSEN, Minn. - July 8, 2019 - PRLog -- Running a successful small business is no small feat. According to the Small Business Administration, only about one-third of small businesses last more than 10 years. That's why it's exciting to announce another small business in Chanhassen that has reached the 10-year mark - congratulations to The Transformation Club!
Started in a park on July 13, 2009, by Justin Yule, The Transformation Club has grown quite a bit since then to an impressive 8400 square foot facility whose address is ironically at 1363 Park Road.
In that time, The Transformation Club has helped thousands of Chanhassen residents achieve their weight loss, health, and fitness goals.
"I'm so happy and grateful for the last ten years," said Justin Yule. "However, the fun, as they say, has just begun. We have big plans for the next ten years as we continue our mission to educate, motivate, and inspire the residents of Chanhassen to become the best version of themselves."
"The Transformation Club has become much more than just a place to workout and lose weight," adds co-owner Janell Yule. "It's become a destination for people who want to overcome their insecurities and build up their self-confidence so they can be happy, healthy, and fit to live their best life. We're going to continue to build on that over the next ten years."
To celebrate their 10-year Anniversary, The Transformation Club is offering a unique 10 Sessions for $10 special. You can claim your 10 sessions HERE.
To learn more about The Transformation Club visit www.TheTransformationClub.fitness.
Justin Yule
***@thetransformationclub.fitness
https://www.prlog.org/12778450/1
: ***@thetransformationclub.fitness
: The Transformation Club, Chanhassen, Weight Loss, Fitness, Personal Trainer, Nutrition Coach, Self-confidence, Best Version Of Yourself
: Fitness, Health, Lifestyle
: Chanhassen - Minnesota - United States
The Transformation Club PRs
Women's Empowerment Event - Saturday, January 26th at The Transformation Club
Chanhassen Body Transformation Experts Open Registration For The Transformation Project
Chanhassen Transformation Experts Start New Podcast
Local Chanhassen Author Raises Money for Dogs in Need


WONDERFUL facial moisturizer for all skin types, for daytime especially. Can also be used as a great mineral makeup primer or on its own. Ingredients used include organic aloe, organic virgin coconut oil, organic jojoba oil, organic sunflower oil, apricot kernel oil, argan oil and vegetable glycerine. Generous 4 ounces with a pump, use five or six pumps at a time. One of my personal favorite ways to use this is over my face and neck after spraying skin with rose hydrosol. UNscented product.


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Meet Jacob Wempe
October 02, 2012 | Updated: January 29, 2019
By Ramonica Jones
Powerlifting and basketball athlete, Jacob Wempe, is a National Games competitor with plenty of medals to show for his hard work and competitive spirit. A graduate of Bowie High School in Austin, Wempe volunteers at St. Vincent de Paul Society and now helps train varsity football players at Bowie. He also works as a "greeter" in a well-known local hamburger restaurant
Besides medals and ribbons, Wempe has a little extra motivation to do his best at competition, his dad is his powerlifting coach. An athlete since 2000, Wempe's family said SOTX has changed his life for the better. His social skills have improved and so has his health - he is down to a healthier weight since he joined SOTX. In his spare time, Wempe stays very active by swimming, playing golf and dancing. He also likes to watch movies and listen to music.


Home › News › Want us to bring our Cuttlefish Country documentary film to your town? Demand it!
Want us to bring our Cuttlefish Country documentary film to your town? Demand it!
If issues related to coastal and industrial development, extractive industries, pollution, governance and environmental impacts resonate with you or your community, we'd love to hear from you. In fact, we'd like you to help us plan our screening tour, starting in 2016. We invite you, wherever you may be, to click on the 'Demand it' widget below to register a request for a screening in your town. If you're in Australia, we'll do our best to deliver the screening in person and offer your community a chance to ask us questions about the making of the film and the issues it raises and attempts to address. We will also be encouraging local host communities to use the film to provide context for the discussion of local development and resource-use issues with similar themes.
Is your town being affected by the expansion of extractive industries or coastal development? Is your community divided between promises of economic opportunities and threats of social and environmental costs? If so, we look forward to sharing this timely South Australian story with you.
Buy a costume for a LEGO theme party, and help us fund our documentary film!


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Яново може да се отнася за:

 Яново, село в България, област Благоевград;
 Яново, село в Беларус, Брестка област, Барановишки район;
 Яново, село в Русия, Алтайски край, Залесовски район;
 Яново, село в Русия, Нижегородска област, Сергачски район.

 Вижте също
 Янево, село в Косово


The Weston Single Hamburger Press will allow you to create perfectly sized, pressed, and portioned burgers any time with your own ground meats! Making your burgers yourself also allows you to season them exactly to your taste! Perfectly formed burgers eliminate 'fat' burgers that are undercooked in the center, and 'thin' burgers that fall apart when you try and flip them.
Non-stick Teflon coated surface keeps patties from tearing apart.
This is the fastest, easiest way to make hamburger patties for a weekend cookout or to stock the freezer!
It creates a perfect, uniform patty every time.
Simply place ground meat on a restaurant-grade paper sheet in the press. Put another sheet of paper on top, and press down firmly.
Patty weights conveniently marked to keep your patties the same size, every time!
The spring-loaded, patty-pressing design compacts the patty tightly, so your patties will not fall apart on the grill.
Adjustable patty thickness up to 1-1/2"
Pre-made patties can go right from the freezer to the grill without thawing.
Measures 5.5 X 7 X 4.5"


If you could increase every field technician's utilization by just one additional service call per week, that incremental revenue would go right to your bottom line. By leveraging the Bing Maps integration to Microsoft Dynamics CRM 2013, your service organization can tap into additional revenues and maximize its resource utilization.
In a McKinsey quarterly report, "Improving Field Service Productivity" it states that on average, 30 to 50 minutes are wasted in a 8 hour work period due to inefficient routing and driving patterns. On an annual basis, you can be losing 15 to 24.6 days of time and revenue. Dispatching of a proper route will not only improve your profitability, moreover enable first call resolution. By dispatching the right technician, with the right skills, in the right vicinity, with the right parts, allows your field engineers to service your customer properly the first time.
How Do You Leverage Bing Maps to Minimize Loss Billable Time?
Bing Maps can be integrated to Microsoft Dynamics CRM 2013 for routing field technicians to a service call. It provides the Dispatch department with visibility into traffic data and road accident information. The Service/Dispatch department always knows how well each route is moving and they can easily make changes on the fly when needed. This information will save time and unnecessary idling which will lead to better fuel consumption. The Bing Maps Traffic Coverage API is not be available for all countries, but it does cover all of North America and most European countries. For more coverage information, refer to Bing Maps Traffic Coverage.
To manage a fleet cost money and so does routing them to a service call. You will need to get a license key to access the Bing Maps APIs. However Microsoft does provide a 90 day trial period.
The Business License is segmented into different user types. So you will need to determine who will be using it and how you will be using it.
Out-of-the-box, Bing Map Controls are only available for certain entities.
However with that being said, you can embed the controls into forms of custom entities. Please note that this is unsupported so you will need to tread with caution. You can follow these simple steps published in the Microsoft Dynamics CRM Community Blog to enable the Maps in your forms.
How Much Money Are You Loosing from Improper Routing?
Your services organization may be losing anywhere from $10-$17K per year in lost opportunities, based on improper routing. If you extrapolate that over X crews, trucks, technicians, you may be losing much more.
If you don't believe the math, then test the theory out. Download a consumer navigation app (Waze or Here Drive) and use it on your daily commute. Once it learns your patterns, it will dynamically tell you when it's time to hit the road or when to re-route. You may never drive without smart routing again!