text:
E.ON welcomes first of 1,000 smart metering apprentices as it opens new national electrical skills training academy in Kingswinford
"The government-led transition to smart meters represents one of the biggest infrastructure changes to the energy industry in years. Recruiting and training technicians is an essential part of our ongoing activities to ensure the safe and successful rollout of smart meters, helping to boost the service we're able to provide to our customers.
Michael Lewis, E.ON UK CEO
E.ON's new and bespoke national electrical skills training academy has been officially opened by Councillor Dave Tyler, Mayor of Dudley, and E.ON's CEO Michael Lewis, HR Director Dave Newborough and the first of 1,000 recruits who will enrol at the academy over the next couple of years.
E.ON's new smart metering 'Academy of Excellence' has opened its doors to its first 30 trainees who are undertaking a year-long apprenticeship in smart meter installation. Once they successfully complete their apprenticeship, the fully qualified Smart Metering Technicians will be visiting E.ON customers' homes and businesses to fit smart meters as part of a government-led nationwide rollout which will help make estimated energy bills a thing of the past.
The company is recruiting a further 750 Smart Metering Technicians over the course of the next 18 months in support of the upgrade of the nation's energy infrastructure.
Michael Lewis, CEO of E.ON UK, said: "The government-led transition to smart meters represents one of the biggest infrastructure changes to the energy industry in years. Recruiting and training technicians is an essential part of our ongoing activities to ensure the safe and successful rollout of smart meters, helping to boost the service we're able to provide to our customers.
"We've a large number of smart metering roles to fill as we continue our nationwide installation programme and our new dedicated national smart metering Academy of Excellence will allow us to bring together the expertise needed to offer outstanding training opportunities for anyone willing and able to learn these exciting new skills. This new facility will support over 1,000 trainee technicians over the next two years and then beyond who'll then be able to play a full role in this major industry transformation."
E.ON was one of the first suppliers to start installing smart meters for its customers and so far has installed more than 750,000 meters into customers' properties. For more information on E.ON's smart meter installation programme please visit the website at eonenergy.com/smart.
Photos show: (1) L-R E.ON's CEO Michael Lewis, Councillor Dave Tyler, Mayor of Dudley and Michael Murray, an E.ON Meter Technician who won a competition to name the new academy and (2) and (3) show current E.ON trainees enrolled at the academy.
Jane Branscombe, 02476 183 681, jane.branscombe@eon-uk.com


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Buying of the President
Published — June 17, 2016 Updated — June 20, 2016 at 8:23 am ET
Donald Trump's big money bait-and-switch
John Minchillo/AP
Presumptive GOP nominee embracing super PACs, megadonors he once decried
This story was co-published with TIME and Public Radio International.
When it comes to raising money, Donald Trump is morphing into the very kind of bootlicking presidential candidate he's insisted — over and again — that he wasn't, isn't and wouldn't become.
On one hand, it's hard to blame Trump.
The real estate mogul, after all, is sprinting headlong into the buzz saw that is Hillary Clinton's big-money machine — a machine composed not only of her own moneyed campaign, but allied political committees, super PACs and nonprofit groups that are together raising hundreds of millions of dollars, sometimes from billionaires (such as George Soros) who are even more billionaire-y than The Donald.
Consider that last week alone, Team Clinton aired about 3,400 ad spots — mostly eviscerating Trump — on broadcast and national cable television, according to a Center for Public Integrity analysis of data from media tracking firm Kantar Media/CMAG. The Trump campaign aired no such TV ads at all, while a supportive super PAC managed fewer than 100.
How 'Citizens United' is helping Hillary Clinton win the White House
On the other hand, Trump's turn toward fueling his White House ambitions with cash from special interests and political megadonors undermines what's been one of his most effective marketing messages: that he's beholden to no one and can't be bought because he's a rich man who's self-funding his campaign.
Now Trump is no longer spurning super PACs and eschewing tony private fundraisers tailor made for 1 percenters. Rather he's tolerating, if not embracing, the post-Citizens United era of cash-flush politics that, until recently, Trump considered anathema to his largely anti-establishment presidential bid.
That may surprise some likely voters, who in a recent Center for Public Integrity/Ipsos poll ranked Trump well ahead of Democratic rival Hillary Clinton — an avowed campaign finance reformer — on the question of which candidate, if elected president, would do the most to make elections less reliant on big money.
Trump's campaign refused to answer questions about how Trump's attitude toward political money has shifted. But an analysis of Trump's statements on the matter demonstrates how it most certainly has.
Trump on self-funding his presidential campaign:
"Part of the beauty of me is that I'm very rich. So, if I need $600 million, I can put up $600 million myself. It's a huge advantage." — interview with ABC News in March 2011 ahead of aborted 2012 presidential run
"I don't need anybody's money. It's nice. I don't need anybody's money. I'm using my own money … I'm not using donors. I don't care. I'm really rich." — announcement speech on June 16, 2015
"You know the nice part about me? I don't need anybody's money." — from an interview in August 2015 in Iowa
"I'm self-funding my own campaign. It's my money." — during a speech in Iowa on Feb. 1, 2016
"I don't believe I have been given any credit by the voters for self-funding my campaign, the only one. I will keep doing, but not worth it!" — from a tweet Feb. 2, 2016
The reality:
Trump is not exclusively self-funding his campaign.
Make no mistake: He has personally invested an eight-figure sum into his push to Make America Great Again — more than $43 million and counting, according to Trump's most recent round of federal campaign finance disclosures.
But almost immediately after announcing his presidential bid, Trump began passively accepting contributions from his growing legion of supporters. The dollars began adding up, and as May arrived, federal records indicate Trump's supporters had together given his campaign about $14 million.
Donald Trump's new finance guru: once a Clinton donor, Soros employee
Trump at the time stood poised to vanquish Ted Cruz and John Kasich, the last of his Republican primary opponents. His securing the GOP presidential nomination appeared imminent. Perhaps coincidentally, perhaps not, Trump's self-funding talk changed.
"I mean, do I want to sell a couple of buildings and self-fund? I don't know that I want to do that necessarily, but I really won't be asking for money for myself, I'll be asking money for the party," Trump said during an interview on MSNBC's "Morning Joe" on May 4.
The same day, in an interview with the Wall Street Journal, Trump said that he'd personally "be putting up money, but won't be completely self-funding" as the campaign moved forward.
Trump's prediction that he'd dump $600 million of his own money into his campaign therefore seems remote.
Trump in early May hired private investor Steven Mnuchin as his national finance director. On May 25, Trump's campaign formally tethered itself to the GOP establishment. It teamed with the Republican National Committee and 11 state-level Republican Party committees to form Trump Victory, a joint fundraising committee that may collect large contributions from wealthy donors and spread the money among its member committees.
The same day, Trump conducted his first major fundraiser of his presidential campaign — an ultra-exclusive affair at the southern California home of borderline billionaire real estate investor Tom Barrack. The event reportedly raised $6 million.
And last week, Trump huddled in New York City with "some of the Republican Party's biggest fundraisers and wealthiest donors," the Washington Post's Matea Gold reported. Among those offering Trump financial support he said he didn't need: billionaire roofing executive Diane Hendricks, New York Jets owner Woody Johnson and investor Ray Washburne.
He followed it up with a tony fundraising affair in Boston, with lunch and a photo with Trump selling for $10,000, according to the Boston Herald's Jennifer Miller. Trump today is in the midst of a fundraising swing through Texas.
But Trump has even bigger political paydays in mind.
Charles Koch in 2015.
(Patrick T. Fallon/The Washington Post via Getty Images)
Trump on billionaire industrialists Charles and David Koch:
"I really like the Koch Brothers (members of my P.B. Club), but I don't want their money or anything else from them. Cannot influence Trump!" — from a tweet July 29, 2015
"I wish good luck to all of the Republican candidates that traveled to California to beg for money etc. from the Koch Brothers. Puppets?" — from a tweet on Aug. 2, 2015
"Little Marco Rubio, the lightweight no show Senator from Florida, is set to be the "puppet" of the special interest Koch brothers. WATCH!" — from a tweet on Feb. 28, 2016
Today, Trump thinks so little of the Koch brothers' money that the Trump campaign recently requested a meeting with Charles Koch's political lieutenants.
That's according to Charles Koch himself, a Trump skeptic who on June 8 told USA Today's Fredreka Schouten: "We are happy to talk to anybody and hope they understand where we're coming from, and they will have more constructive positions than they've had."
When Schouten asked Koch whether Trump was fit to be president — Koch has flirted with openly opposing Trump and even supporting Democrat Hillary Clinton — he replied: "I don't know the answer to that."
The Kochs' massive political fundraising network, which says it plans to spend $750 million on politics this election cycle, could very well avoid the presidential race altogether. The Kochs have already declined to contribute money to the Republican National Convention next month in Cleveland.
For now, the Koch network is focusing its efforts on helping like-minded Republican candidates win U.S. Senate races.
Las Vegas Sands Corp. Chairman and CEO Sheldon Adelson speaks in Las Vegas on May 5, 2015. (John Locher/AP)
Trump on casino magnate and GOP megadonor Sheldon Adelson:
"Sheldon Adelson is looking to give big dollars to Rubio because he feels he can mold him into his perfect little puppet. I agree!" — from a tweet on Oct. 13, 2015
Trump is now billionaire besties with Adelson.
Adelson never did intervene in the Republican presidential primary — in contrast with his tack in 2012, when he backed Newt Gingrich, and then Mitt Romney, with tens of millions of dollars.
Rubio's Adelson windfall never materialized, and the junior U.S. senator from Florida quit the race after Trump thumped him in his home state's primary.
Trump's pursuit of Adelson's money began just weeks after accusing Adelson of being Rubio's puppeteer.
Adelson confirmed he met with Trump in December, telling Reuters' Farah Master he found the fellow billionaire "charming."
By February, Adelson signaled to colleagues that he was open to supporting Trump, even if he wasn't yet ready to endorse him.
And in early May, as the White House hopes of Cruz and Kasich finally flamed out, Trump and Adelson met again.
On May 13, the New York Times reported that Adelson said he's willing to contribute more than $100 million to boost Trump's candidacy.
"An incredible honor to receive the endorsement of a person I have such tremendous respect for. Thank you, Sheldon!" Trump tweeted that day.
Trump on super PACs:
"This whole Super PAC scam is very unfair to a person like me who has disavowed all PAC's & is self-funding." —from a tweet on Oct. 26, 2015
"All Presidential candidates should immediately disavow their Super PAC's. They're not only breaking the spirit of the law but the law itself" — from a tweet on Oct. 26, 2015
"I see Marco Rubio just landed another billionaire to give big money to his Superpac, which are total scams. Marco must address him as 'SIR'!" — from a tweet Oct. 30, 2015
"They're in total cahoots with their [super] PACs, which they're not allowed to be. They're all in total cahoots. They put their friends in there. One good thing about me: I'm not." — to the Washington Post in October 2015, regarding other presidential candidates
"PACs are a horrible thing." — interview with CNN on Jan. 17, 2016
"These Super PACs are a disaster by the way, folks, very corrupt. It's going to lead to a lot of disasters … There is total control of the candidates. I know it better than anybody that probably ever lived … I know the system far better than anybody else, and I know the system is broken. I'm the only one up here that's going to be able to fix that system because that system is wrong." — at a Republican presidential debate on March 10, 2016
Trump has effectively embraced these "total scams," squelching his criticism of them.
Most notable is super PAC Rebuilding America Now, which formed June 2.
Miramax Chairman Tom Barrack (left), poses with Harvey Weinstein of the Weinstein Company and Julia Roberts on Dec. 16, 2013, at the Los Angeles premiere of "August: Osage County." John Shearer/AP via Invision for The Weinstein Company
It's led by Tom Barrack, chairman of movie studio Miramax and the same man who feted Trump at a multi-million-dollar fundraiser May 25. Barrack this month told CNN's Erin Burnett that he's already secured $32 million in financial commitments for his super PAC. If true, the figure would rival what Trump himself has so far given to his presidential campaign.
To date, Rebuilding America Now has sponsored more than $1 million worth of anti-Clinton ads, according to federal disclosures. By law, it isn't required to release the names of its donors, or the amounts they've given, until mid-July.
Like all other super PACs, Rebuilding America Now may raise and spend unlimited amounts of money to advocate for and against candidates — a power obtained by such political committees thanks to the Supreme Court's Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission decision and a lower court ruling in SpeechNow.org v. Federal Election Commission.
Great America PAC is another pro-Trump super PAC, run by Ed Rollins, who ran former Arkansas Gov. Mike Huckabee's 2008 presidential campaign and served as finance chairman for the 2012 presidential bid of former Republican House Speaker Newt Gingrich.
Formed in February as "TrumPAC" — it changed its name under FEC pressure — the group has recently sponsored hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of pro-Trump TV and digital advertisements as well as promotional phone calls.
If you're in the market for a cut-rate engagement ring, take note: Great America PAC's top patron is William Doddridge, CEO of the Jewelry Exchange. The California-based Goldenwest Diamond Corporation, parent company of the Jewelry Exchange, loaned Great America PAC $250,000 on March 17, federal records show.
Yet another potentially active pro-Trump super PAC is the Committee for American Sovereignty, formed April 8 and led by Doug Watts, former communications director for retired neurosurgeon Ben Carson's presidential campaign. Watts says the group plans to raise $20 million by July; the group must file its first financial disclosure by Monday night.
And the biggest Trump-backing super PAC of all could be one that doesn't yet exist: Adelson is now considering funding a pro-Trump super PAC.
Earlier in the presidential race, Trump's campaign sent cease-and-desist messages to some such groups that traded on his name.
It also wrote letters to the FEC, systematically disavowing supposedly pro-Trump super PACs, many of which have raised little or no money and largely appear to exist only on paper.
But the Trump campaign hasn't written such messages — not that they were binding in the first place, as super PACs don't need the candidates they support to authorize them — since early May.
Trump on lobbyists:
"I'm not using the lobbyists."— announcement speech June 16, 2015
"I am not controlled by my donors, special interests or lobbyists. I am only working for the people of the U.S.!" — Facebook post on Sept. 5, 2015
"They say I'm too truthful. And, no, I don't lie. I don't lie. I'm self-funding my campaign. I tell the truth … It's my money. It's not money from an electric company. It's not money from a lumber company. It's not money from Johnson & Johnson and pharmaceutical companies." — interview Feb. 19, 2016, with Fox News' Greta Van Susteren
As with megadonors, Trump is now cozying up to professional government influencers.
Trump's campaign itself is run in part by Paul Manafort — one of the subjects of a 1992 Center for Public Integrity report, "The Torturers' Lobby," which detailed how American lobbyists aided foreign governments that violated their citizens human rights. Manafort has since worked for a variety of other foreign interests as an influence broker and political consultant.
Earlier this month, the Trump campaign asked top defense industry lobbyists to travel to New York City and brief Trump personally, which they did.
And lobbyists themselves are beginning to band together to raise cash for Trump — something to which Trump has not objected.
The ultimate question is this: Will Trump's financial flip-flopping alienate the anti-establishment voters who help him clinch the Republican presidential nomination?
Trump has less than five months to convince them that they haven't been misled — if they care in the first place.
Koch-backed 'dark money' groups fined for failing to disclose donors
Three conservative organizations agree to pay FEC combined $233,000
Car dealer-congressman subject of ethics probe
Republican Rep. Roger Williams submitted amendment that would benefit his business

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
PrevPreviousFinancial Times Front Page 23rd of November 2021
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Daily Telegraph Front Page 21st of January 2022
The Daily Telegraph splashes on the news schools are defying the government over face coverings in the classroom by insisting children continue to wear them – despite official guidance being changed.
Daily Telegraph Front Page 20th of January 2022
The Daily Telegraph leads with Boris Johnson's refusal to resign as prime minister.
Boris Johnson is set to announce the lifting of Plan B restrictions on Wednesday, according to The Daily Telegraph.
Magistrates will be given powers to jail criminals for up to a year in an attempt to clear the courts backlogs, according to the paper.
The Prime Minister has been questioned by civil servant Sue Gray over "partygate" allegations and has "shared what he knows," the paper reports.
Boris Johnson is set to lift Plan B COVID restrictions as he plots a leadership fightback, according to The Daily Telegraph.
The Duke of York has been "exiled" from royal life, as he loses all patronages, military roles, and his HRH title leads the Daily Telegraph.
The Daily Telegraph writes that Chancellor Rishi Sunak declined to fully endorse Boris Johnson until he had seen the results of the investigation into allegations of lockdown-breaking parties in Downing Street. He instead issued a...
The Daily Telegraph splashes on how support for embattled Boris Johnson is ebbing away – as Conservative MPs say he should quit if he broke lockdown rules.
Health bosses have been accused of misleading Cabinet ministers in a bid to justify COVID rules, The Daily Telegraph reports.
Chancellor Rishi Sunak is among Cabinet ministers backing calls to cut the COVID isolation period to five days amid growing pressure for the UK to shift to living with the virus, The Daily Telegraph reports.
Daily Telegraph Front Page 8th of January 2022
The government's scientific advisers have said fourth COVID jabs are not currently needed, reports The Daily Telegraph.
More than a million people could be dragged into the higher rate tax band by 2026, The Daily Telegraph reports, with economists predicting the country faces the biggest cost of living crisis for a generation.
The Telegraph says four Black Lives Matter activists who admitted toppling the statue of Edward Colston in Bristol walked free from court after a jury "agreed they had committed no crime".
People who test positive on lateral flow tests but have no symptoms will no longer have to wait to confirm the result with a PCR – meaning they can immediately start their seven-day isolation, the...
The Daily Telegraph leads with a warning from the head of Britain's vaccine body that fourth COVID jabs should not be offered to people until there is more evidence they are effective.


Evaluation of Candidate Genes Related to Neuronal Apoptosis in Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease.
Moreno-Grau S1, Barneda B, Carriba P, Marín J, Sotolongo-Grau O, Hernández I, Rosende-Roca M, Mauleón A, Vargas L, Espinosa A, Alegret M, Rodriguez O, Ortega G, Fernández MV, López-Arrieta J, Tárraga L, Boada M, Antúnez C, López J, Ruiz A, Comella JX.
The objective of this study was to identify genetic variation in genes encoding death receptors and signals that modulate their activity. After conducting a meta-analysis with five previous genome-wide association studies and aggregated data, the most significant signals, (TNF locus: rs2395488, rs2534672, and rs9267445; and FASLG locus: rs730278), were replicated in 1,046 cases and 372 controls. The rs2395488 and rs2534672 markers showed a modest protective effect (OR = 0.849, p = 0.49780;OR= 0.687, p = 0.11335), in contrast to rs730278 marker (OR = 1.146, p = 0.17212), which did not follow the previous effect direction; in any case it reached the significance level. Final meta-analysis, adding the replication sample, confirmed these observations. We concluded that FASLG marker is not etiologically linked to Alzheimer's disease. However, single nucleotide polymorphisms around TNF locus require further analyses in order to explain the association between Alzheimer's disease and human leukocyte antigen.


I had never heard of Diverticulitis until a few months ago when a friend of mine wound up in the hospital seriously ill. I decided to google it and realized quickly how many articles there were from sources of all kinds: doctors, hospitals, nutritionists, people living with the disease and many more. So who do you listen to? Especially if what your doctor is telling you to do is not working or you have a lack of insurance.
-Diverticulitis is small, bulging sacs or pouches of the inner lining of the intestine (diverticulitis) that become inflamed or infected. Most often, these pouches are in the large intestine (colon).
-No one knows exactly what causes the sacs, or pouches of Diverticulitis to form. Eating a low-fiber diet is one of the most likely causes.
-People who eat mostly processed food, as many Americans eat, do not get enough fiber in their diet. Processed foods include white rice, white bread, most breakfast cereals, crackers, and pretzels.
-As a result, constipation and hard stools are more likely to occur – causing people to strain when passing stools. This increases the pressure in the colon or intestines and may cause these pouches to form.
-Diverticulitis is very common. It is found in more than half of Americans over age 60.
-Diverticulitis is caused by small pieces of stool (feces) that become trapped in these pouches, causing infection or inflammation.
Most of us know how blurry the lines can get during the 'in between' time of figuring out what the problem is and trying different options to feel better and get healthy. These are hard, difficult periods where some days it feels like relief will never come, but every morning you wake up hoping today is the day that it will. At least that's I how I felt before and after being diagnosed with Celiac Disease. The 6 months following diagnosis I continued to accidentally gluten my body with 'hidden wheat' and the damaging side effects were worse than before.
The third is from a Diverticulitis support group..
There are plenty more articles all over the Internet but I figured these were four great starters. I hope these articles are filled with information that can help my friend and maybe some others who are searching for some kind of relief.
What does Celiac Awareness Mean to Me?


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The Deep Flaw In All Neural Networks
Written by Mike James
Recently a paper reported the information that neural networks seem to have a fundamental problem in recognizing things now we have another twist on the same basic idea. In this case you can construct an image that looks nothing like what it is supposed to be and yet it is still classified with high confidence.
The paper "Intriguing properties of neural networks" from a team that includes authors from Google's deep learning research project that we reported on in May (see The Flaw Lurking In Every Deep Neural Net) discovered something surprising and disturbing.
If you have a Deep Neural Network DNN that is trained to correctly recognize photos of different things then close to any correctly classified image there is an image that is incorrectly classified. For example if you have a photo of a car and the DNN classifies it with a high probability as a car then it is possible to find a set of small perturbations to the image that don't change how it looks to a human but which cause the DNN to classify it as something else - even though to a human there is possibly no detectable change in the image.
Put simply - very close to any correctly classified image there is an incorrectly classified image, an adversarial image, that to a human looks very little different.
Notice that this isn't a theorem, just an observation based on a practical examination of a relatively small number of DNNs. Even so, the fact that these DNNs exhibit the effect and the adversarial images seem to be incorrectly classified by other DNNs suggest that there is something deep and universal going on.
The changes are small and distributed across all the pixels and yet they move the "data point" outside of the boundary that separates all cars from other types of things. In the original paper these adversarial images were found by an optimization algorithm that applied perturbations that moved the image away from its correct class.
Now we have a new demonstration of this effect. In this case Anh Nguyen, Jason Yosinski and Jeff Clune made use of the genetic algorithm to "breed" images that were correctly classified with a high probability or confidence and yet, to a human, looked nothing like the the object they were supposed to be.
Indeed the images that the DNN classified so confidently were more like white noise to a human. for example the diagram below shows "digit" images that are classified with a 99.99% confidence by the DNN LeNet:
A slight tweak of the algorithm can generate more regular looking images that are classified as digits with a 99.99% certainty but still look nothing like the digits according to most humans:
The same technique was then applied to the Imagenet database with similar results the following were recognized with a mean confidence of 99.12% :
In this case you can occasionally see that there is some similarity in features - the nematode, spotlight and pole for example. However it seems that what is happening is that the images are stimulating the low level feature detectors, but not in an organized way. If a localized image stimulates the DNN then an image that includes repeated copies increases the total stimulation. To test this, some of the images that include repeats were edited to reduce the repeats and the confidence did drop.
The genetic algorithm approach isn't essential in constructing such examples. The team also used a standard optimization method to produce images that were mostly unrecognizable, but still classified with a high confidence.
All this suggests that the DNNs are learning low and medium level features and not making use of how these relate to one another. For example, a face would be recognized if it had two eyes, nose and mouth irrespective of where they occurred in the image.
It also seems that there is a generalization - images bred to be classified with high confidence on one DNN seem to be classified with a high confidence by another.
So what is going on?
The authors suggest that it is problem with the way that the discrimination is being performed. The DNN assigns each class a large volume in the image space and confidence is proportional to how far away from the boundary an image is - how close it is to other images in the class isn't taken into account. There is so much available space that it is possible to find images that are in the class but are far from images that look like the class.
This sounds very much like the arguments that resulted in the invention of the Support Vector Machine. Perhaps DNNs need to optimize something other than pure classification performance?
At the end of the paper the authors raise the interesting question of how these finding affect the use of DNNs in real applications. A security camera, for example, could be fooled by "white noise" designed to be classified as a face. Perhaps the right background wallpaper could influence visual search classifiers. The possibilities are there waiting to be exploited. The idea that a driverless car could swerve dangerously to avoid something that looked nothing at all like a pedestrian is currently very possible - either by accident or design.
Deep Neural Networks are Easily Fooled: High Confidence Predictions for Unrecognizable Images
Anh Nguyen, Jason Yosinski and Jeff Clune
The Flaw Lurking In Every Deep Neural Net
Neural Networks Describe What They See
Neural Turing Machines Learn Their Algorithms
Learning To Be A Computer
Google's Deep Learning AI Knows Where You Live And Can Crack CAPTCHA
Google Uses AI to Find Where You Live
Deep Learning Researchers To Work For Google
Google Explains How AI Photo Search Works
Google Has Another Machine Vision Breakthrough?
The Triumph Of Deep Learning
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Last Updated ( Wednesday, 10 December 2014 )


A fuel channel for a nuclear power boiling water reactor is configured to include a bundle of fuel rods with nuclear fuel. The fuel channel is made of a sheet material and has a plurality of sides which have an elongated shape and which are connected to each other such that a corner with an elongated shape is formed where two adjacent sides meet. In one or more corners, the sheet materials from the two adjacent sides overlap with each other such that there is a corner region with double sheet material consisting of the overlapping sheet material from one of the two sides and the overlapping sheet material from the other of the two sides.
18. A fuel channel for a nuclear power boiling water reactor, the fuel channel being configured to include a bundle of fuel rods with nuclear fuel, the fuel channel comprising: a sheet material and wherein the fuel channel has an elongated shape and defines a longitudinal direction; a plurality of sides which have an elongated shape in said longitudinal direction and which are connected to each other such that a corner with an elongated shape is formed where two adjacent sides meet; wherein the sides are connected to each other such that the fuel channel has as many corners as sides; wherein each side defines an inside, in the fuel channel, and an outside, at the outside of the fuel channel; and in at least one of said corners the sheet materials from the two adjacent sides overlap with each other such that there is a corner region with double sheet material consisting of the overlapping sheet material from one of the two sides and the overlapping sheet material from the other of the two sides.
19. The fuel channel according to claim 18, wherein in at least two of said corners, the sheet materials for the respective corner have two adjacent sides that overlap with each other.
20. The fuel channel according to claim 18, wherein in all of the corners, the sheet materials for the respective corner have two adjacent sides that overlap with each other.
21. The fuel channel according to claim 18, wherein each of said one or more corner regions with overlapping sheet materials extends along at least 25% of the length of the fuel channel.
22. The fuel channel according to claim 18, wherein each of said one or more corner regions with overlapping sheet materials extends along at least 50% of the length of the fuel channel.
23. The fuel channel according to claim 18, wherein each of said one or more corner regions with overlapping sheet materials extends along substantially the entire length of the fuel channel.
24. The fuel channel according to claim 18, wherein in said at least one corner, or in more than one of or in all of said corners, the sheet materials from the two adjacent sides overlap with each other in such a manner that in the overlapping region a space is formed between the overlapping sheet material from one of the two sides and the overlapping sheet material from the other of the two sides.
25. The fuel channel according to claim 24, wherein each of said one or more spaces is open at both ends, as seen in said longitudinal direction.
26. The fuel channel according to claim 24, wherein in at least one corner, the inner one of the two overlapping sheet materials is substantially straight, while the outer one of the two overlapping sheet materials is bent in order to form the outer corner shape, such that said space, as seen in a cross section of the fuel channel, has substantially the shape of a triangle, wherein one corner is bent, or the shape of an arc which is limited by a straight line.
27. The fuel channel according to claim 18, wherein in each corner which has a corner region with overlapping sheet materials it is the case that the inner overlapping sheet material, as seen in a cross section of the fuel assembly, extends from a first point at a first side to a second point at a second, adjacent, side, wherein the first side defines a first plane, or a first line if a cross section is considered, and the second side defines a second plane, or a second line if a cross section is considered, wherein the distance between the first point and the second plane, or the second line, is 10-25 mm, and the distance between the second point and the first plane, or the first line, is 10-25 mm.
28. The fuel channel according to claim 18, wherein in each corner which has a corner region with overlapping sheet materials it is the case that the inner overlapping sheet material, as seen in a cross section of the fuel assembly, extends from a first point at a first side to a second point at a second, adjacent, side, wherein the first side defines a first plane, or a first line if a cross section is considered, and the second side defines a second plane, or a second line if a cross section is considered, wherein the distance between the first point and the second plane, or the second line, is 13-19 mm and the distance between the second point and the first plane, or the first line, is 13-19 mm.
29. The fuel channel according to claim 18, comprising, for each of said one or more corner regions with overlapping sheet materials, two weld joints, which each extends in the longitudinal direction, wherein one weld joint connects the two overlapping sheet materials at one end of the corner region with the overlapping sheet materials, or at a corner of the space, and the second weld joint connects the two overlapping sheet materials at the other end of the corner region with the overlapping sheet materials, or at another corner of the space.
30. The fuel channel according to claim 18, wherein each corner in the fuel channel comprises one of said corner regions with overlapping sheet materials, wherein the fuel channel is formed by a number of sheets, which is equal to the number of sides, wherein all sheets have substantially the same shape, wherein each sheet has a first edge, configured such that it constitutes the inner one of the two overlapping sheet materials of one corner, and a second edge configured such that it constitutes the outer one of the two overlapping sheet materials of another corner.
31. The fuel channel according to claims 18, wherein each corner in the fuel channel comprises one of said corner regions with overlapping sheet materials, wherein the fuel channel is formed by an even number of sheets, which is equal to the number of sides, wherein half of the sheets have substantially the same shape, wherein each of these sheets has a first edge, configured such that it constitutes the inner one of the two overlapping sheet materials of one corner, and a second edge configured such that it constitutes the inner one of the two overlapping sheet materials of another corner, wherein the second half of the sheets has another shape than that of the sheets of said first mentioned half, wherein the sheets of the second half have substantially the same shape, wherein each of these sheets of the second half has a first edge, configured such that it constitutes the outer one of the two overlapping sheet materials of one corner, and a second edge configured such that it constitutes the outer one of the two overlapping sheet materials of another corner.
32. The fuel channel according to claim 18, wherein each side is provided with a plurality of elongated bulges and/or indentations, which extend substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fuel channel, and which contribute to increasing the stiffness of the fuel channel.
33. The fuel channel according to claim 32, wherein at least the majority of said bulges and/or indentations have a length of 30-80 mm.
34. The fuel channel according to claim 32, wherein at least the majority of said bulges and/or indentations have a length of 40-60 mm.
35. The fuel channel according to claim 32, wherein at least the majority of said bulges and/or indentations have a width of 4.0-13.0 mm.
36. The fuel channel according to claim 32, wherein at least the majority of said bulges and/or indentations have a width of 5.0-8.0 mm.
37. The fuel channel according to claim 32, wherein all bulges and/or indentations have a length of 30-80 mm.
38. The fuel channel according to claim 32, wherein all bulges and/or indentations have a length of 40-60 mm.
39. The fuel channel according to claim 32, wherein all bulges and/or indentations have a width of 4.0-13.0 mm.
40. The fuel channel according to claim 32, wherein all bulges and/or indentations have a width of 5.0-8.0 mm.
41. The fuel channel according to claim 32, wherein at least the majority of said bulges and/or indentations bulge out and curve in, respectively, between 0.50-1.50 mm from the main surface of the outside and the inside, respectively.
42. The fuel channel according to claim 32, wherein all of said bulges and/or indentations bulge out and curve in, respectively, between 0.50-1.50 mm from the main surface of the outside and the inside, respectively.
43. The fuel channel according to claim 32, wherein each side comprises at least 50 of said bulges and/or indentations.
44. The fuel channel according to claim 32, wherein each side comprises at least 80 of said bulges and/or indentations.
45. The fuel channel according to claim 32, wherein at least 50% of said bulges and/or indentations are bulges.
46. The fuel channel according to claim 32, wherein 100% of said bulges and/or indentations are bulges.
47. The fuel channel according to claim 18, wherein the sheet material which forms the sides of said fuel channel has substantially a constant thickness, except for at the places where the thickness has been modified by deformation when forming the fuel channel, such as at said corners or said bulges and/or indentations, or at the corner regions where the sheet materials overlap, and where therefore a total thickness of two sheets is the case, but where each sheet has substantially the same thickness as the sheets have at the sides between the corner regions.
48. The fuel assembly for a nuclear power boiling water reactor, comprising the fuel channel of claim 18 and a plurality of fuel rods with nuclear fuel material arranged such that the fuel channel surrounds the fuel rods.
 The present invention concerns a fuel channel for a nuclear power boiling water reactor. The fuel channel is configured to include a bundle of fuel rods with nuclear fuel. The fuel channel is made of a sheet material and has an elongated shape and thus defines a longitudinal direction. The fuel channel has a plurality of sides which have an elongated shape in the longitudinal direction and which are connected to each other such that a corner with an elongated shape is formed where two adjacent sides meet. The sides are connected to each other such that the fuel channel thus has as many corners as sides, wherein each side defines an inside, in the fuel channel, and an outside, at the outside of the fuel channel. The invention also concerns a fuel assembly for a nuclear power boiling water reactor.
 A boiling water reactor (BWR) which is used at a nuclear power plant is known to a person with knowledge within the field. In a BWR the core consists of a large number of fuel assemblies. Each fuel assembly contains, inter alia, a bundle of fuel rods, which contain the fissile nuclear fuel material. The bundle is surrounded by a fuel channel. When such a fuel assembly is used in a BWR, water flows through the fuel channel. The water is brought to boiling by the heat which is generated through the nuclear reaction. Through this process a relatively high pressure is formed in the fuel channel. The walls of the fuel channel may therefore tend to bulge outwards. This can have negative consequences. Between several fuel assemblies, control rod blades are inserted in order to control the nuclear reaction. If the walls of the fuel channel bulge outwards, the walls may press against such an inserted control rod blade. It may therefore become difficult to pull out the control rod blade when desired.
 A further problem which can be mentioned is that which is called shadow corrosion. Shadow corrosion is a phenomenon within this technical field. Shadow corrosion may occur in a nuclear reactor. In particular, shadow corrosion may occur on components of Zr or Zr-based alloys when such components come into contact with (or are positioned at a very short distance from) components of other materials, such as of stainless steel. The fuel channel is normally made of a Zr-based alloy, while the control rod blades often are made of stainless steel. If the fuel channel bulges outwards, a larger area of the walls of the fuel channel may thus come into contact with (or be positioned very close to) the control rod blades, which can cause shadow corrosion to potentially occur on the fuel channel.
 U.S. Pat. No. 5,253,278 describes a fuel assembly which comprises a fuel channel which surrounds a bundle of fuel rods. The fuel channel is provided with a number of "reinforcing tabs".
 U.S. Pat. No. 4,749,543 describes a fuel assembly with a fuel channel which may be provided with longitudinal or transversal grooves. The fuel channel can also have particularly thick corner sections.
 Japanese Patent Document No. JP 9-145 874 shows fuel assemblies with a fuel channel which may have an L-shaped piece which is attached by welding in a corner.
 International Patent Publication No. WO 2010/110721 A1 describes a fuel assembly with a fuel channel which is provided with a number of protrusions on the side. The document also describes the problem with shadow corrosion.
 An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel channel which has improved stiffness in order to prevent the walls of the fuel channel from bulging outwards. A further object is to achieve such a fuel channel with relatively simple means. A further object is to achieve such a fuel channel which is relatively simple to produce.
 These objects are achieved with a fuel channel in which at least one or more of the corners, the sheet materials from the two adjacent sides overlap with each other such that there is a corner region with double sheet material consisting of the overlapping sheet material from one of the two sides and the overlapping sheet material from the other of the two sides.
 Because of the overlapping sheet materials, the stiffness of the fuel channel is increased. The fuel channel is thus strengthened. Thereby the risk is reduced that the sides of the fuel channel bulge outwards. Such a fuel channel is also relatively simple to produce since an overlap from the two adjacent sides is used. Furthermore, a thinner sheet material can be used, since the desired stiffness is achieved by the fact that the sheet materials overlap in the corner region. Previously, in cases where the fuel channel had thicker corner regions, usually a thicker sheet has been used, which has then been worked in order to remove material where the sheet should be thinner than in the corners. As used herein, the terms "stiff" or "stiffness" primarily mean that the sides of the fuel channel are stiff in such a manner that outward bulging of the sides is prevented.
 According to an embodiment of the fuel channel according to the invention, in at least two of the corners, preferably in all corners, the sheet materials of the for the corner of two adjacent sides overlap with each other. Preferably the fuel channel is thus configured such that all corners have a corner space with overlapping sheet materials. Thereby the fuel assembly is strengthened over all its sides. A very stiff fuel assembly is thereby obtained.
 According to a further embodiment of the fuel channel, each of the one or more corner regions with overlapping sheet materials extends along at least 25% of the length of the fuel channel, preferably along at least 50% of the length of the fuel channel, most preferred along substantially the entire length of the fuel channel. It is possible that the corner region or the corner regions with overlapping sheet materials only extend over a part of the fuel channel, where the risk for bulging is highest. The risk for bulging is highest in the lower part of the fuel channel. However, preferably the corner regions extend along the entire length of the fuel channel.
 According to a further embodiment of the fuel channel, in the at least one corner, or in more than one of or in all of the corners, the sheet materials from the two adjacent sides overlap with each other in such a manner that in the overlapping region a space is formed between the overlapping sheet material from one of the two sides and the overlapping sheet material from the other of the two sides. The inner one of the two overlapping sheet materials thus extends such that the space is formed. Since the sheet material has such a configuration, the stiffness of the fuel channel is further increased. Such a fuel channel is also relatively simple to produce. The space can also be used, for example, as a channel for non-boiling water. The space may, for example, have a cross-sectional area which is at least 20 mm2, or at least 35 mm2. It should however be noted that according to an alternative embodiment (which is described in connection with FIGS. 6 and 7) there is substantially no space between the overlapping sheet materials.
 According to a further embodiment of the fuel channel, each of the one or more spaces is open at both ends, as seen in the longitudinal direction. It is thereby made possible that water can flow in the space which is formed in the corners. Water that flows through the spaces also contributes to some degree to the moderation of the neutrons in the nuclear power reactor. When it is said that the space is open at the ends, this includes the possibility that the space at the ends is open sideways: outwards and/or inwards. The space can of course also be open straight upwards and straight downwards. It should in this context also be mentioned that according to an alternative embodiment, the space may be closed at both ends, such that a closed space is obtained.
 According to a further embodiment of the fuel channel, in at least one corner, preferably in more than one corner, or most preferred in all corners, the inner one of the two overlapping sheet materials is substantially straight, while the outer one of the two overlapping sheet materials is bent in order to form the outer corner shape, such that said space, as seen in a cross section of the fuel channel, has substantially the shape of a triangle, but where one corner is bent, or the shape of an arc which is limited by a straight line. By such a design, the strengthening of the fuel channel is achieved in a simple manner. It should however be mentioned that the overlapping sheet materials also can have another shape. For example, also the inner one of the two overlapping sheet materials may be bent, either in a convex or concave manner, as seen from the interior of the fuel channel.
 According to a further embodiment of the fuel channel, it is the case that in each corner which has a corner region with overlapping sheet materials, the inner overlapping sheet material, as seen in a cross section of the fuel assembly, extends from a first point at a first side to a second point at a second, adjacent, side, wherein the first side defines a first plane, or a first line if a cross section is considered, and the second side defines a second plane, or a second line if a cross section is considered, wherein the distance between the first point and the second plane, or the second line, is 10-25 mm, preferably 13-19 mm and the distance between the second point and the first plane, or the first line, is 10-25 mm, preferably 13-19 mm. It has appeared that the mentioned distances are very suitable in order to obtain an optimal stiffness of the fuel channel without using too much sheet material or without "stealing" (e.g., occupying) too much space in the fuel channel. A fuel assembly with such a fuel channel can have a reduced number of fuel rods (compared to a situation when the fuel channel does not have any strengthening in the corners), wherein the number of fuel rods with which the fuel assembly has been reduced is equal to the number of corners, which means that one fuel rod has been "removed" in each corner. The advantage with a fuel assembly with a stiff fuel channel is thus achieved without any need for reducing the number of fuel rods to any higher degree.
 According to a further embodiment, the fuel channel includes for each of the one or more corner regions with overlapping sheet materials, two weld joints, which each extends in the longitudinal direction, wherein one weld joint connects the two overlapping sheet materials at one end of the corner region with the overlapping sheet materials, or at a corner of the space, and the second weld joint connects the two overlapping sheet materials at the other end of the corner region with the overlapping sheet materials, or at another corner of the space. By welding together the sheet materials in this manner, the fuel channel according to the invention is achieved in a relatively simple manner, at the same time as it is ensured that the fuel channel is designed to be very durable.
 According to a further embodiment of the fuel channel, each corner in the fuel channel includes one of the corner regions with overlapping sheet materials, wherein the fuel channel is formed by a number of sheets, which is equal to the number of sides, wherein all sheets have substantially the same shape, wherein each sheet has a first edge, configured such that it constitutes the inner one of the two overlapping sheet materials of one corner, and a second edge configured such that it constitutes the outer one of the two overlapping sheet materials of another corner. This embodiment has inter alia the advantage that all sheets can be made in the same manner, since they have substantially the same shape. A fuel channel according to the invention can thus be achieved in a simple manner by the fact that a number of substantially identical sheets are joined. If the fuel channel has a square shape, only four such sheets are thus needed.
 According to a further embodiment of the fuel channel, each corner in the fuel channel comprises one of the corner regions with overlapping sheet materials, wherein the fuel channel is formed by an even number of sheets, which is equal to the number of sides, wherein half of the sheets have substantially the same shape, wherein each of these sheets has a first edge, configured such that it constitutes the inner one of the two overlapping sheet materials of one corner, and a second edge configured such that it constitutes the inner one of the two overlapping sheet materials of another corner, wherein the second half of the sheets has another shape than that of the sheets of said first mentioned half, wherein the sheets of the second half have substantially the same shape, wherein each of these sheets of the second half has a first edge, configured such that it constitutes the outer one of the two overlapping sheet materials of one corner, and a second edge configured such that it constitutes the outer one of the two overlapping sheet materials of another corner. The fuel channel according to this embodiment has the advantage that each sheet is symmetric relative to a centre line. Also a fuel channel according to this embodiment can be produced in a simple manner.
 According to a further embodiment of the fuel channel, each side is provided with a plurality of elongated bulges and/or indentations, which extend substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fuel channel, and which contribute to increasing the stiffness of the fuel channel. Through such bulges or indentations the stiffness is further increased. Through the combination of the design of the corners and such bulges or indentations a very stiff fuel channel is obtained. It is thereby in an efficient manner prevented that the sides of the fuel channel bulge outwards. The bulges/indentations may have a certain angle relative to the perpendicular direction, but preferably the bulges/indentations extend completely perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fuel channel.
 According to a further embodiment of the fuel channel, at least the majority of the bulges and/or indentations, preferably all bulges and/or indentations, have a length of 30-80 mm, preferably 40-60 mm, and a width of 4.0-13.0 mm, preferably 5.0-8.0 mm. The inventors of the present invention have realised that such a size of the bulges or indentations is optimal in order to increase the stiffness of the fuel channel. The distance between the bulges or indentations may vary. A suitable distance, at least in the lower part of the fuel channel where the stresses are the highest, is 6-18 mm, preferably 9-15 mm, most preferred 10-14 mm. The bulges may suitably be arranged that close at least at the lower meter of the fuel channel. Of course the same distance may also be the case over the whole length of the fuel channel. By distance is here meant the distance in the longitudinal direction of the fuel channel between the centre of one bulge/indentation and the centre of the next bulge/indentation.
 According to a further embodiment of the fuel channel, at least the majority, preferably all, of the bulges and/or indentations bulge out and curve in, respectively, between 0.50-1.50 mm from the main surface of the outside and the inside, respectively. Such a size of the bulges or indentations has appeared very suitable in order to achieve optimal stiffness of the fuel channel. The main surface is preferably flat and consists of the part of the sheet which has not deformed in order to form for example the bulges.
 According to a further embodiment of the fuel channel, each side comprises at least 50, preferably at least 80, of the bulges and/or indentations. Suitably, each side may comprise at least 200 bulges and/or indentations. Such a number of bulges or indentations has appeared to be suitable in order to achieve desired stiffness of the fuel channel.
 According to a further embodiment of the fuel channel, at least 50%, preferably 100%, of the bulges and/or indentations are bulges. Bulges have the advantage that they ensure a certain distance between the main surface on the outside of the fuel channel and a possible control rod blade. Through such bulges it becomes easier to push in and pull out the control rod. Furthermore, shadow corrosion on the main surfaces of the fuel channel is prevented, since a shadow corrosion now basically only can occur on the bulges themselves.
 According to a further embodiment of the fuel channel, the sheet material which forms the sides of the fuel channel has substantially a constant thickness, except for at the places where the thickness has been modified by deformation when forming the fuel channel, such as at the corners or the bulges and/or indentations, or at the corner regions where the sheet materials overlap, and where therefore a total thickness of two sheets is the case, but where each sheet has substantially the same thickness as the sheets have at the sides between the corner regions. In order to obtain a sufficient stiffness it has previously often been necessary to either use a relatively thick sheet material or to vary the thickness of the sheet material such that an increased stiffness is achieved at the most vulnerable places. However, according to the present invention the stiffness is achieved through other means, such as has been described above, and it is therefore not necessary to use a sheet material with varying thickness. The production of the fuel channel is thereby simplified. Furthermore, a relatively thin sheet may be used for the fuel channel according to the present invention. Suitably a sheet is used which is thinner than 2.50 mm, preferably thinner than 2.00 mm.
 A further object of the present invention is to provide an improved fuel assembly for a nuclear power boiling water reactor. Such a fuel assembly is achieved in that it comprises a fuel channel according to any of the previous embodiments and a plurality of fuel rods with nuclear fuel material arranged such that the fuel channel surrounds the fuel rods.
 Such a fuel assembly thus has a fuel channel with the advantages which have been described above.
 FIG. 7 is a detailed view of a corner region of the embodiment according to FIG. 6.
 FIG. 1 is a side view of an embodiment of a fuel assembly according to the invention for a nuclear power boiling water reactor. The fuel assembly comprises a fuel channel 10. The fuel channel 10 is made of a sheet material, preferably of a Zr-based alloy. The fuel channel 10 has an elongated shape and thus defines a longitudinal direction L. The fuel channel 10 may for example be about 4 m long.
 In FIG. 1 an upper and a lower part of a fuel channel 10 are shown. The fuel channel 10 has a number of sides, usually four sides 11, 12, 13, 14 (see also FIGS. 2-5). Preferably the fuel channel 10, as seen in a cross-section (see FIGS. 3 and 4) has a square shape. The sides 11, 12, 13, 14 of the fuel channel 10 are thus elongated and extend in the longitudinal direction L. The width of the side may suitably be 120-180 mm, for example 140 mm. The sides 11, 12, 13, 14 are connected to each other such that a corner 21, 22, 23, 24 with an elongated shape is formed where two adjacent sides meet. The fuel channel 10 thus has as many corners as sides.
 Each side defines an inside 11a, 12a, 13a, 14a in the fuel channel 10 and an outside 11b, 12b, 13b, 14b on the outside of the fuel channel 10.
 In FIG. 1 a part of the side 12 is shown removed in order to illustrate that the fuel assembly contains a plurality of fuel rods 15 with nuclear fuel material. The fuel channel 10 thus surrounds a bundle of fuel rods 15. The fuel assembly may of course also contain other normal design parts, such as spacers for holding the fuel rods 15 at a distance from each other.
 FIG. 1 also shows that the fuel assembly includes a handle 16 at the top and a connecting piece 17 at the bottom of the fuel assembly.
 With reference to in particular the FIGS. 2-5 embodiments of a fuel channel 10 according to the invention will be described more closely.
 In the corners 21, 22, 23, 24 the sheet material from two adjacent sides overlap with each other such that in the overlapping region a space 31, 32, 33, 34 is formed between the overlapping sheet material from one of the two sides and the overlapping sheet material from the other of the two sides. This is shown in more detail in FIG. 5, which shows one corner 21, but the design is analogous for all corners 21, 22, 23, 24.
 FIG. 5 thus shows that the sheet material from the side 11 overlaps with the sheet material from the side 12 such that the space 31 is formed. The overlapping sheet material 11c from the side 11 and the overlapping sheet material 12c from the side 12 thus form the space 31. The space 31 is open at both ends, as seen in the longitudinal direction L. The space 31 is thus open at the top and at the bottom of the fuel assembly.
 As can also be seen in FIG. 5, the inner one 11c of the two overlapping sheet materials is substantially straight, while the outer one 12c of the two overlapping sheet materials is bent in order to form the shape of the corner 21. The space 31 thus has, as seen in the cross-section according to FIG. 5, substantially the shape of a triangle, but where one corner is bent, or rather the shape of an arc which is limited by a straight line.
 The sheet material from the side 11 has been joined to the sheet material from the side 12 through a weld joint 36 which extends in the longitudinal direction L and which connects the two overlapping sheet materials at one corner of the space 31 and a second weld joint 37, which also extends in the longitudinal direction L, which connects the two overlapping sheet materials at another corner of the space 31. The weld joint 36 may suitably be welded from the outside of the fuel channel 10. The weld joint 37 may be welded from the inside of the fuel channel 10, but it is also possible to weld the weld joint 37 from the outside of the fuel channel 10, by welding through the side 12, 12c.
 The spaces 31, 32, 33, 34 suitably extend over substantially the entire length of the fuel channel 10, but it is also conceivable that the spaces 31, 32, 33, 34 only extend over a part of the length of the fuel channel 10.
 The inner overlapping region 11c extends from a first point P1 (approximately at the weld joint 36) at the side 11 to a second point P2 (approximately at the weld joint 37) at the side 12. The first side 11 defines a first plane, or a first line 41 if the cross-section shown in FIG. 5 is considered. In a similar manner, the second side 12 defines a similar plane or line (not shown in the figures). The distance D2 between the second point P2 and the first line 41 is suitably 15-17 mm. In a corresponding manner, the distance D1 between the first point P1 and the second plane or the second line (which are not shown in the figure) is suitably 15-17 mm.
 A fuel channel 10 with a square cross-section is suitably produced from four sheets. The sheets are suitably made of a Zr-based alloy. In order to distinguish the sheets from each other, every second sheet is shown with a broken line in FIGS. 3 and 4.
 FIG. 4 shows an embodiment where four identical sheets are used. For, for example, the sheet 11 it is the case that it has a first edge configured for constituting the inner one 11c of the two overlapping sheet materials of the corner 21 and a second edge 11d which is configured such that it constitutes the outer one of the two overlapping sheet materials of another corner 24.
 FIG. 3 shows another embodiment where the sheets 11 and 13 have the same shape. The sheet 11 here has a first edge 11c configured such that it constitutes the inner one of the two overlapping sheet materials of the corner 21. The sheet 11 also has a second edge 11d configured such that it constitutes the inner one of the two overlapping sheet materials of the corner 24.
 The sheets 12 and 14 have however another shape than the sheets 11 and 13. The sheets 12 and 14 have the same shape. For example the sheet 12 has a first edge 12c which is configured such that it constitutes the outer one of the two overlapping sheet materials of the corner 21. The sheet 12 has a second edge 12d which is configured such that it constitutes the outer one of the two overlapping sheet materials of the corner 22.
 Each side of the fuel channel 10 is also provided with a plurality of bulges 50 (for the sake of simplicity, the bulges are not shown in FIGS. 3-7). The fuel channel may instead have indentations, or both bulges and indentations. However, bulges 50 are preferred, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. These bulges 50 extend substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L of the fuel channel 10. The bulges 50 contribute to increasing the stiffness of the fuel channel 10. The bulges 50 may for example have a length l of 50 mm and a width w of 6 mm. The distance d (from centre to centre) between the bulges 50 may for example be 12 mm. The bulges 50 may for example bulge out about 1.0 mm from the main surface on the outside 11b, 12b, 13b, 14b of the side 11, 12, 13, 14.
 Each side 11, 12, 13, 14 may for example have about 300 bulges 50.
 The sheet material which form the sides 11, 12, 13, 14, including the edges 11c, 11d, 12c, 12d etc. has substantially a constant thickness, except for at the places where the thickness has been modified by the deformation when forming the fuel channel 10.
 Since the design of the fuel channel 10 according to the invention makes the fuel channel very stiff, a relatively thin sheet material can be used. The thickness of the sheet material may for example be 1.90 mm.
 FIGS. 6 and 7 show a further embodiment of the invention. This embodiment corresponds to the embodiments which have been described above, inter alia, in that in each corner (for example in the corner 21 which is shown more in detail in FIG. 7) the sheet materials from the two adjacent sides 11, 12 overlap with each other such that there is a corner region with double sheet material consisting of the overlapping sheet material 11c from one 11 of the two sides and the overlapping sheet material 12c from the other 12 of the two sides. However, this embodiment differs from the previously described in that the inner overlapping sheet material (11c in FIG. 7) is bent such that it follows the curvature of the outer overlapping sheet material 12c. That is, according to this embodiment there is no space 31, or at least no substantial space 31, between the overlapping sheet materials 11c and 12c.
 In order to prevent water from penetrating into a possible gap between the overlapping sheet materials 11c and 12c, the sheet materials ought, according to this embodiment, suitably be connected, suitably by a sealing weld joint, at the top and at the bottom (with regard to the longitudinal direction L) in the corner region with overlapping sheet materials.
 As for the rest, a fuel channel according to this embodiment may be designed in a similar manner as has been described in the previous embodiments.
 The invention is not limited to the described embodiments but may be varied and modified within the scope of the following claims.


Learn WREATHE from sentences of classic books. The app collects 10,000 middle or hard words; input your word, you not only get its meaning and example, but also have sentences and their contexts from classic literatures.
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Hoops were out now, and the new styles were charming with the skirts pulled back from the front and draped over bustles, and on the bustles were wreaths of flowers and bows and cascades of lace.
I add, as the climax, that I have seen an Englishwoman dancing in a wreath of roses and blue spectacles.
Magic power which we should find it difficult to understand were we to read in a book these conversations which are made to be borne away and dispersed like smoke wreaths by the breeze beneath the leaves.
Cosette wore over a petticoat of white taffeta, her robe of Binche guipure, a veil of English point, a necklace of fine pearls, a wreath of orange flowers; all this was white, and, from the midst of that whiteness she beamed forth.


text:
Another victim of incendiary devices sold on the high street
Posted on 08/07/2018 by gambba • Posted in anti-social behaviour, Environment, Environmental, Everyday life, Government, lincolnshire county council, litter and fly tipping, local government, public sector, refuse & recycling, South Holland, Spalding • Tagged death from the sky, fire bomb, incendiaries, Sky lanterns • Leave a comment
Copied for Sunday Telegraph online 8 July 2018
New calls for ban after stray Chinese lantern sets horse alight
Sarah Sladen with Bastante. The chestnut bay was hit by a Chinese lantern, setting its tail on fire
By Helena Horton
AN MP, farmers and the RSPCA have issued warnings over Chinese lanterns after a horse was set on fire and lost part of its tail.
Bastante, a seven-year-old point-to-point racehorse, was also left with a foot-long gaping wound on its leg after it bolted through a wire fence in shock after being hit by a lit lantern.
Sarah Sladen, Bastante's owner, said it was disgusting that the lanterns were still allowed and called for a ban. "These things should be outlawed, it is as simple as that," she said.
"The biggest problem is for the animals, because, if it falls into grass, [the lantern is] wire. Grass gets made into hay. You then end up with animals injured through eating the wire that gets into the bales of hay. It's all of that. They should be got rid of, end of."
The horse was seen by a vet, and is recovering.
Many have argued that the lanterns endanger wildlife, as they can cause fires, especially during hot weather.
Ruth George, MP for High Peak, had called for a lantern festival happening near her constituency in the Peak District to be cancelled over fire fears.
Remains of the lantern that hit Bastante
The event, which has since been called off, was to be held at Buxton Raceway, Derbys, on July 28, with thousands of lit lanterns to be sent into the sky over the Peak District, which has already been subject to fire warnings because of the dry conditions.
Sarah Fowler, chief executive of the Peak District National Park, said: "We welcome the decision by Buxton Raceway to cancel the Manchester/Birmingham Lights Fest at Buxton on the doorstep of the Peak District National Park, which would have put our valuable landscapes, wildlife and farming livelihoods at risk… I share the public's frustration that the organisers did not consider the impacts of sky lanterns before planning this event so close to the UK's first National Park, and not least in light of recent wild fire incidents."
Mike Thomas, a spokesman for the National Farmers' Union, said: "There is plenty of evidence that shows they can harm animals. We continue to campaign for an outright ban."
Dr Mark Kennedy, equine specialist at the RSPCA, described the incident with Bastante as "very distressing". He said horses can be burned by lanterns, and "further injury can be caused as they panic and attempt to escape." He added: "Even stabled horses are at risk from these devices; the consequence of a burning lantern drifting into a stable or barn full of highly combustible straw and hay are obvious and horrifying."
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The annual Scorrier and Chacewater District Horse Show & Gymkhana is held at Higher Callestick Farm, Penhallow, Truro TR4 9NG by the kind permission of Mr J Trenerry. Please note that the date for this year's show has been brought forward, as it usually occurs in June.
Scorrier and Chacewater was originally two shows – and combined at the end of the 1980's. They have been on their present ground for some 20 years now. The show is affiliated to the British Showjumping Association, and runs 4 rings – one for British Showjumping, one for unaffiliated jumping, one for showing of horses and ponies, and the fourth is for fun classes and gymkhana – the Handy Pony is always popular.
The show likes to make a donation to local charities, the Cornwall Air Ambulance has been a recent one for a few years.
There is a First Aid Paramedic on site. Please note £1 surcharge to each competitor for First Aid.
Ring 2 – Clear round jumping 9.00am-10.30am.


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Fergie Hanging Tough
April 29, 2006 By red devil
Sir Alex Ferguson takes his team to the capital knowing failure to become the first side to beat Chelsea on their own patch in the Premiership since Jose Mourinho arrived at the club will give the Blues back-to-back championships.
Having recognised their opponents' first title success in 50 years by applauding them onto the pitch at Old Trafford last year, the last thing the Red Devils squad want is to be an unwitting guest at yet another Chelsea celebration party.
Ferguson knows victory cannot be guaranteed against a side who have won an incredible 17 of their 18 home matches in the league this season. So, while the Scot would like to delay the champagne guzzling at least until Chelsea visit Blackburn on Tuesday, he is wise enough to extol the virtues of his developing side while emphasising the actual result tomorrow will have no bearing on what happens next term:
'Our aim tomorrow is to get the win which would eke the whole thing out a bit longer,' said Fergie to the Sun.
'But our form over the last two or three months has told me, and my players, and all the other teams about us that we will be there next year. There is no doubt about it. I am very optimistic about the future. In terms of our overall squad, it is as strong as I have ever had. If we get a reasonable bill of health, we must have a massive chance because I have no doubt, had we not suffered so many injuries at the start of the season, we would have been there this season.'
Given his near 20-year stint at United includes two double-winning campaigns and the momentous treble in 1999, the Scot's assessment of his squad strength is telling. With Roy Keane now at Celtic and both Ryan Giggs and Paul Scholes the wrong side of 30, Ferguson will spend the summer searching for midfield reinforcements, although a run of 10 wins from 11 matches suggests there is not too much wrong with the Red Devils just now.
Ironically though, it is the one game in that sequence his side did not win, the incredible goalless draw with Sunderland at Old Trafford on Good Friday, which the United boss believes will have the most telling impact.
After grinding out victories against Bolton and Arsenal, to immediately throw away all the hard work by failing to beat the worst team in Premiership history was galling indeed. But for Wayne Rooney and Cristiano Ronaldo – both singled out on the night by Ferguson for producing their worst performances of the season – it is hoped the match provided an important pointer in their footballing education.
'Sometimes young players just need that final lesson before it really gets through and the Sunderland game was a reminder for everyone of what can happen. Winning games against Sunderland is just as important as winning games against Arsenal, Liverpool or Chelsea. Each carries the same value. But we were too individualistic. Hopefully, we can benefit from that next year.'
With Louis Saha back to full fitness again, Ferguson once again faces a selection dilemma up front after Ruud van Nistelrooy started the last three games. Gabriel Heinze will not be involved after sustaining a minor groin injury on reserve team duty in midweek, although the Argentinian should be available for Monday's home encounter with Middlesbrough.
While Ferguson accepts United have little option other than to go all out for victory, he concedes Chelsea may adopt a more pragmatic approach, falling back on the defensive solidity which has brought them to the brink of following the Red Devils as the only club to retain the title in the Premiership era.
'Chelsea need a point and it doesn't matter how they get it,' he said to MUTV.
'The strongest aspect of their team is defence, so they may set out with a system designed to get the point. Their main priority will be to get it over with as quickly as possible.'
To catch the latest news on Man Utd., visit the hottest soccer fan site on the net right now, with its dedicated RSS feed.
Filed Under: Gossip, News, Premiership


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The Open Book, An Avon-Washington Public Library Publication, Avon, Indiana
September 2005 Volume 8 Issue 8 www.avon.lib.in.us
Always a Blessing in the End: The Chronicles of the Four Ancestral Lineages of Ben Ivy & Ruth Thompson – While the United States Government ignored protests to end slavery or to deal effectively with emancipation's aftermath of racial inequality and bigotry, Avon author Paulette Ivy Harris' African American ancestors were enduring a society that tried to discourage them.
However, by researching her family history, she discovers the depth of her ancestors' faithfulness and perseverance and reveals the ways their lives were blessed.
Anyone who is seeking to write their own family history will also be encouraged by the author's research methods and narrations. – end
–By Susie Grover, Reference Librarian
Hendricks County Flyer, Avon, Indiana, June 2, 2005
Book is a 'blessing in the end'
AVON – Every time she smells a Noisette rose, Paulette Ivy Harris says she gets a whiff of her past.
After spending 14 years researching her lineage, a rose named after her ancestor, Frenchman Philippe Noisette, who came to South Carolina via Haiti, is one of many stories Harris is passing on to her family and others in her book Always A Blessing In The End: The Chronicles of the Four Ancestral Lineages of Ben Ivy and Ruth Thompson.
"It is a tremendous reward," Harris says of the completion of her book. "This is the blessing that was the end of a long spiritual journey of sifting through data, looking through dusty files."
When Harris began her research in 1990, she said she didn't have the convenience of surfing the Internet for information, but rather had to search through microfilm and sound decks [Soundex], among other things.
"I began with ordering birth and death certificates from the states where everyone was from and where they died." She said. "I used oral histories. I used census data."
Eventually, she said, she came up with a genealogical data book with names and dates, but no real detail about the lives of people and she felt that there was more to tell.
"I searched more, I got more data, and I wanted to tell a story," Harris said.
The book is in five parts. The first explores the history and the evolution of slavery, and then the last four tell a story of each of her grandparents' lineage. And, she said, she tries to keep each story individualized to each grandparent so the stories don't get mixed.
By piecing together the information she gathered, she said, she describes what they did for a living, the children they had, how they endured, how the laws of the nation have impacted their lives, how they struggled, and how they were blessed.
"The theme that runs through my book is, yes, they persevered, but they were blessed," she said.
With perseverance from God, Harris said her blessing was the spiritual connection she formed with her ancestors. And now a rose, a book about slavery, or learning about sharecropping are all things she can relate to.
But she said her book isn't just for African-Americans or member of her family. She's hoping the book will encourage others who are on a journey to find where they came from. – end
–By Carly Nation


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'Dear Baby Boomers, stop complaining'
8 Jun, 2019 08:43 PM 5 minutes to read
Libby Hill has penned a message to Baby Boomers. Photo / Instagram
By Libby Hill
Dear Baby Boomers.
Ageing is a privilege. Please stop complaining about it.
This isn't an attack. You're a wonderful lot and we millennials adore you. You've loved us and taught us and given us life and we're so grateful. Truly, we are.
But I'm compelled to ask: How grateful are you?
Because I'm hearing a lot of complaining from your generation and it's mostly about getting older. Everything from hot flushes and cataracts to wrinkles and stiff joints.
I know it's not all boomers — but it's a lot of you.
I bet even if you're not one of them, you know the kind of over-55 I'm talking about who seems to love to complain.
Me at 33. Didn't I do good? 🖤
A post shared by L I B B Y R O L F E H I L L (@justadlib) on Dec 16, 2017 at 10:52pm PST
We often come across them in waiting rooms and in Facebook groups. They love Facebook. It's a kind of millennial-given gift for Baby Boomers who like to whine.
The universal downside of getting older is that our bodies start to deteriorate.
Boob freckles are going viral
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Mum's unusual comments about her newborn's appearance
Aren't we fortunate then, to live in a wealthy country with one of the world's very best healthcare systems? The treatment options available to us have never been better.
Struggling with the symptoms of menopause? There are supplements, medications, herbs, exercises, essential oils, books and even apps that can help with that.
Feeling less than agile? Pilates and yoga are fabulous, accessible and suitable for everyone. As far as hair loss and wrinkles go, is it so ridiculous to suggest we embrace these symbols of a long life well lived?
Because a long life is a thing to be appreciated and celebrated. Just ask any person facing the alternative.
My friend Caitlin Moorhouse was 34 and had just given birth to her first child when she was diagnosed with incurable, stage 4 bowel cancer.
At that time, she had a 5 per cent chance of living another five years. Unsurprisingly, she's thought a lot about getting older and what it means to her.
"I'm constantly surrounded by older people at treatment," she said.
"As a society our narrative around ageing is one of loss. And there are certainly losses that come with ageing but there are also incredible benefits — to have seen your children grow up being a significant one.
"Those of us who are sick are experiencing those losses associated with age but without the benefits of getting older.
"We're juggling parenting young children alongside the loss of our career, our looks, our fertility, our sense of agency, our earning capacity and our cancer friends as one-by-one they fall.
"And unlike older people, we are dealing with these losses largely alone as our peers are still in the prime of their lives."
It's been three-and-a-half years since Caitlin was diagnosed and she continues to live with hope, enthusiasm and gratitude.
There are thousands of young Australians with cancer — some curable and some not — who endure dreadfully invasive, painful and risky treatments just to get more time.
They're bargaining for life: trading their hair, breasts, reproductive organs, limbs, eyebrows, in the hope of a longer life. Or a slower death.
The blessing of a long life is one that shouldn't be taken for granted. We don't need to look too hard to see that young people die tragically and horrifically every day.
Everyone knows of a young person whose life was heartbreakingly terminated by illness, accident or violence. It happens too frequently but it's our reality. There's simply no guarantee any of us get to grow old.
It's time to reframe the conversation about ageing. And perhaps that starts with how we talk to ourselves.
Instead of saying, "I have to have cataract surgery," try saying, "I get to have a procedure to treat a condition that once could have made me blind."
Let's stop cursing our bodies and worrying about the changes we see in the mirror and start appreciating the gift of life.
Australians over 55 have a lot to be grateful for. This land of plenty and has been kind to your generation.
You were raised in good economic times. You could buy a home when the average house price was five times the average earning income.
For young people today, it's almost out of reach.
By many measures, the generations that follow you are set to have a rougher time.
The burden of chronic diseases is rapidly increasing worldwide, we're facing serious economic uncertainty and an environment which desperately needs to be rescued.
Baby Boomers, you are the lucky generation. You are living the dream of many, many young people for whom what you have seems entirely out of reach.
Please be grateful for it.
This article was first published on news.com.au.


People caring for someone with dementia in East Antrim are being offered the chance to learn more about the condition and how it affects the individual in a series of courses being run by Alzheimer's Society.
This training programme coming to an end in December so this is a final chance to participate.
The courses in Larne, Newtownabbey and Carrick aim to help carers understand more about the condition and its symptoms, including the sort of behaviours that people may display which can at times be challenging. By understanding more about dementia the courses help people to cope better with caring for the individual.
Course dates for the four week course are: Thursday, November 2 from 10am-1pm , Larne Community Development Project, Ledcom Industrial Estate; Wednesday, November 8, from 2-5pm, in Carrickfergus Community Forum, Lancasterian Street; and Thursday, November 9 from 6-9pm in Monkstown Village Centre.


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Turbo Prop
Mid Size Jets
Charter Airliner
The Gulfstream G500 – The First Flight
by Amanda | Jul 19, 2015 | Private Jets
Photo by Mike Burdett on Foter.com / CC BY-SA
The Gulfstream G500 first flight took off at 10:39 a.m. May 18, 2015 from Savannah-Hilton Head International Airport, with Gulfstream experimental test pilots Scott Martin and Kevin Claffy at the controls.
Flight Test engineer Bill Osborne provided on-board support.
The Gulfstream G500, a variant of the G550, was certified by the FAA in 2003. It was introduced into service in 2004 and is a very popular private jet for a good reason, it's got a fabulous reputation for being a luxurious and reliable private aircraft.
As a shorter range version of the Gulfstream G550, it has the same exterior appearance, as well as the PlaneView cockpit, but does not have the Enhanced Vision System (EVS) as standard equipment, although it is available as an option.
It has a lower fuel capacity than the G550 for a range up to 5,800 nautical miles (10,700 km). The G500 was designed for an emerging market of customers who require the reliability of the G550, but neither the range nor the level of interior customization. There are other private jet options that are more high end, but when it comes down to it, the G500 is the perfect private plane for efficient business travel.
Gulfstream G500 PERFORMANCE
Maximum Range: 5,000 nm
High-Speed: Mach 0.90
Long-Range: Mach 0.85
Maximum Operating Mach Number: Mach 0.925
Takeoff Distance: 5,200 ft
Landing Distance: 3,100 ft
Initial Cruise Altitude: 41,000 ft
Maximum Cruise Altitude: 51,000 ft
* NBAA IFR theoretical range. Actual range will be affected by ATC routing, operating speed, weather, outfitting options and other factors. All performance is based on preliminary data and subject to change.
Gulfstream G500 WEIGHTS
Maximum Takeoff: 76,850 lb
Maximum Landing: 64,350 lb
Maximum Zero Fuel: 52,100 lb
Basic Operating: 46,600 lb
Maximum Payload: 5,500 lb
Payload with Maximum Fuel: 1,800 lb
Maximum Fuel: 28,850 lb
** Stated weights are based on theoretical standard outfitting configurations. Actual weights will be affected by outfitting options and other factors.
Gulfstream G500 EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS
Overall Span: 87 ft 1 in
Height: 25 ft 6 in
Gulfstream G500 INTERIOR
Total Interior Length: 47 ft 7 in
Cabin Length: 41 ft 6 in
Cabin Height: 6 ft 4 in
Cabin Width: 7 ft 11 in
Cabin Volume: 1,715 cu ft
Usable Baggage Volume: 175 cu ft
Gulfstream G500 DESIGN STANDARDS
Avionics: Gulfstream Symmetry Flight Deck™
Engines: Two Pratt & Whitney Canada PW814GA
Rated Takeoff Thrust: 15,144 lb
Passenger Capacity (Typical Outfitting): Up to 18
For a personalized quote on the Gulfstream G500 for your next executive trip, or any other occasion, contact us or call the West Palm Jet Charter Flight Team 24/7 at (888) 507-8582.
Request A Charter Quote
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Stunning mid century modern just minutes from the Arboretum and White Rock Lake! No detail was spared in remodeling this 4 bed, 2 and a half bath sophisticated open floor plan home in Hillridge. New windows, wood floors, quartz countertops, stainless appliances, fresh paint, and lighting fixtures are just the beginning! Newer roof, AC, water heater, garage door, and landscaping as well. From the huge walk in master shower, to the plentiful storage in the massive kitchen island, your pickiest buyers will not be disappointed!
Offered by Art Carrillo of Texas Urban Living Realty.


The honors curriculum challenges highly motivated students through advanced study courses, develops interest in research and scholarly activity, and provides students with an opportunity to work with renowned faculty and advanced graduate students. Departmental Honors is open to students seeking the Bachelor of Science in Computer Science degree. Interested students should contact their CS departmental advisor to learn more about the program and how the courses fit into their plan of work. If a student has declared a major in computer science prior to entering the Honors College, then a new declaration of major request must be completed to add Departmental Honors to the degree program.
Must establish and maintain a cumulative 3.3 overall GPA.
Complete at least one Honors 4200-level seminar (typically taken in junior year).
Complete CSC4999: Honors Thesis (three or six credits).
The thesis is a paper presenting the results of the student's independent research. The length of the thesis may vary according to the nature of the topic and method of approach.
Registration for Honors Thesis must be made a minimum of two semesters prior to the student's expected graduation date. A minimum of two semesters should be allowed for completion of all of the thesis requirements.
Download the registration form for CSC 4999.
Complete an additional three to six credits in honors-designated coursework to meet the minimum requirement of 12 credits, which includes CSC4999, and the Honors Seminar listed above.
Visit the Honors College website for information about additional honors-designated course work available each semester, and download the Honors Option Form to earn Honors credit for a course.
*Please note: these requirements are in addition to other computer science major requirements. They may be incorporated into the Major Plan of Work. Please meet with your computer science academic advisor for further information about the Department of Computer Science Honors program.


Speed passed the competition, or master your skills during training, in the performance ready Revolve Splice One-Piece swimsuit.
Energy Back construction features thinner straps, a more open back, and sits slightly higher and closer to the shoulder blades.
PowerFLEX Eco fabric is made from regenerated nylon from pre- and post-consumer waste. It retains shape up to 10X longer than traditional swimwear, and is 4X more compressive.
Brand hit at left hip.


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text:
New Zealand: Where Men Are Men (And So Are the Women!)
By Joseph Curl
Apr 3, 2017 DailyWire.com
A transgender woman who was born male has won a women's weightlifting competition.
Shocker.
Laurel Hubbard, 39, won in just her first try.
She broke four national records.
"Kiwi weightlifter Laurel Hubbard has dominated her first major competition, taking out the Australian International in Melbourne on a night she made history as the first transgender athlete to represent New Zealand," the New Zealand Herald reports.
Hubbard, 39, won the women's over 90kg division at the Melbourne event, setting four unofficial national records in the process. Hubbard lifted a combined total of 268kg – 19kg better than silver medallist Iuniarra Sipaia of Samoa.
Australia's Kaitlyn Fassina claimed the bronze medal with 223kg.
Hubbard looked visibly emotional as she lined up behind dais awaiting the official medal presentation. But she kept the tears at bay, smiling and waving as she stood atop the podium.
Earlier this month the Herald revealed Hubbard had been selected to make her international debut at the competition after usurping Rio Olympian Tracey Lambrechs at the top of the division.
Hubbard's selection was a considered a pioneering moment in sport for the LBGT community. Further ground could yet be broken, with tonight's performance in Melbourne expected to go a long way to securing Hubbard's place in the team for the Gold Coast Commonwealth Games next year.
Hubbard's emergence as an international-calibre lifter last year forced Lambrechs to drop to a lower weight division, shedding 17kg in order to meet the 90kg class. Lambrechs, who won bronze at the Glasgow Commonwealth Games in 2014, admitted she was initially upset by being knocked off the top rung in the rankings by Hubbard, but she is trying to take a positive approach to her competitive future.
Making her debut in the 90kg division, Lambrechs had a promising start, taking out the silver with a combined total of 206kg.
Who ever thought a woman who was born a man could win a women's weight-lifting competition. We live in amazing times.
The Daily Wire > Read > New Zealand: Where Men Are Men (And So Are the Women!)