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El Salvador Extends Bitcoin Bond Launch Amidst Human Rights Abuse Charge
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El Salvador's finance minister fears that the continuous price volatility of Bitcoin will delay the debut of the much-anticipated "Bitcoin bond." In the meantime, the country is experiencing a "human rights crisis."
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El Salvador's Finance Minister, Alejandro Zelaya, has announced that the country will postpone the launch of its planned billion-dollar Bitcoin (BTC) bond due to price volatility and unpredictable market conditions caused by the ongoing Russian-Ukrainian conflict.
The announcement comes as Amnesty International has accused the Salvadoran government of "flagrant abuses of human rights and criminalizing those in poverty."
In a Wednesday interview with the local news program "Frente a Frente" (Face-to-Face), When asked if the situation with the $1 billion Bitcoin bond offering from "a few months ago" had altered, Zelaya said that it had not.
"No, not yet. The [Bitcoin] price continues to be disturbed by the situation in Ukraine. The variances are constant in the short term but it always tends to gain in value in the long term. There is a future and an economic innovation [in Bitcoin] on which we must stake our claim."
El Salvador's president, Nayib Bukele, first unveiled the bond plan in November of 2021. Half of the $1 billion planned would be used to build a Bitcoin City near a volcano, with the hope that geothermal energy will be used to power it.
Crypto Discussion Group
Bitcoin miners could benefit from it. The remaining half of the assets will be invested in Bitcoin.
The $1 billion bond was supposed to go on sale in mid-March 2022, but Zelaya postponed it due to price volatility in a March interview, giving a June debut date and a timeline that extends until September 2022.
The country's $800 million bond is due in January 2023. El Salvador's government has been buying Bitcoin since September 2021, with Bukele stating on May 9 that the Government had bought another 500 BTC. El Salvador is thought to have lost tens of millions of dollars.
Extending Bitcoin Bond Launch Amidst Human Rights Crisis.
Meanwhile, Amnesty International, a human rights organization, accused El Salvador's government of "gross human rights breaches" such as arbitrary arrests, ill-treatment, and torture of detainees.
President Bukele proclaimed a state of emergency (SOE) on March 27 in response to an increase in homicides, which the administration blamed on gangs and organized crime. Since then, it has been extended twice more.
The State Of Emergency, according to the human rights group, modified legislation and legal procedures that jeopardize the right to a fair trial, the assumption of innocence, effective judicial redress, and access to an impartial judge.
More than 35,000 people have been arrested in less than three months as a result of the crackdown, putting 1.7 percent of the country's population over the age of 18 in detention, resulting in prison overcrowding of more than 250 percent of capacity.
Irrespective, many El Salvadorians support Bukele's harsh tactics, as seen by polls showing his popularity. There is a near 87 percent approval rating, according to a poll reported by local media on Wednesday.
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Related Topics:bitcoinblockchainblockchain adoptioncryptocryptocurrencyEl SalvadorHuman Rights AbuseLightblocksNews
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Gamic Guild: Why You Should Join Africa's Biggest Play To Earn Guild.
Onyeka is a multiple google ranked content writer. Loves to cover stories on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency and write in a way that is captivating and understandable.


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Biografia
Bisnipote di Bernardino Drovetti, benché fosse nato a Sesto San Giovanni, nella sua autobiografia dichiarò di essere nato a Chieri. Trascorse l'infanzia cambiando frequentemente residenza a causa del lavoro del padre, impiegato nelle ferrovie, che girò l'intero Piemonte; dopo la prematura scomparsa del padre, si installò in un alloggetto all'ultimo piano di via Montebello, dove iniziò la sua vita da bohemièn

Tra il 1935 e il 1950 diresse una Compagnia filodrammatica

Opere
Drovetti fu un autore poliedrico: scrisse spaziando dalla narrativa alla poetica e alla saggistica; fu apprezzato autore teatrale in italiano e in piemontese e soggettista cinematografico.

Narrativa
 Fra nevi e statue (romanzo per giovinetti) in dieci capitoli illustrazioni di Attilio Mussino.
 A l'alpeggio. Bozzetti di frontiera ...
 I selvaggi di Jesso 1924
 Gambalesta e Cicca-Cicca
 I cavalieri della terra, Torino, 1928, con Giovanni Bertinetti.
 Le novelle dell'altoparlante, Tip. Gallardi (Vercelli) 1936 - Brevi racconti con implicazioni di trasmissioni radiofoniche.
 Riflessi di vita. Novelle. Tip. Gallardi (Vercelli)1936, Rarissimo, censito in 2 bibl. (FI, TO).
 Armonie (narrativa per ragazzi), Libreria Editrice Internazionale 1913
 La nota d'oro (narrativa per ragazzi), Libreria Editrice Internazionale 1915

Poesie
 Campana di San Giusto (musicata da Columbo Arona)
 Baci al buio (musicata da Giulio De Micheli)
 Rusticanella, canzone per pianoforte e canto (musica di Domenico Cortopassi) Editore Beltramo Moncalieri circa 1925

Commedie
 1º aprile (commedia in due atti)- G.B. Paravia & c., Torino 1932 - 40 pagine
 Il barbiere di Siviglia (commedia lirica in tre atti, musica di Leopoldo Cassone)
 La leggenda dello smeraldo: operetta in 3 atti e 4 quadri (musiche di Gaspare Bona), Torino: Tip. Lit. Amprimo, 1930

Soggetti cinematografici
 Champagne caprice, 1919
 Il mostro di Frankenstein1920 da Frankenstein di Mary Shelley Produzione Albertini Film

Miscellanea
 'L Piemont e i sò poeta, (con L. Collino) [ www.hakeillah.com ]
 Come vissi e cosa scrissi (con lo pseudonimo di Pôncin), Associazione Culturale Progresso Grafico, Torino 1954 - (con lista delle opere: teatro, critica musicale e teatrale, soggetti per film, conferenze, romanzi ecc.
 Storia del teatro piemontese, Editore Rattero. Torino, 1956
 I bevitori di stelle -studio bibliografico - Novara
 Mario Leoni: il poeta, il commediografo, il romanziere. Casanova, Torino 1935

Commedie in Piemontese
 Lë scòpo
 La prima mëssa
 La lòdola
 Sui nòstri brich
 Ël curà 'd Ròca Brusà
 Tutt per mia fija! Comedia en 3 att. Copione di scena formato protocollo a righe. (manoscritto di G. Drovetti, primo '900 con 10 pagine di testi di canti senza musica)
 La fontan-a dij Sospir! Commedia in tre atti e cinque quadri. (con Salvator Gotta), Torino inizi 900 copione dattiloscritto Compagnia Mario Casaleggio

Note

Collegamenti esterni

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The ancient Greek poet Hesiod is credited with first observing that "moderation is best in all things." For one member of Long Cove Club on Hilton Head Island in the South Carolina Lowcountry, that sage advice rings true—about everything but golf.
Kenny Walker was born in Massachusetts in 1936but spent much of his youth in the textile town of Anniston, AL. Always a good student with an interest in the sciences, he earned a degree from girl who would become his wife.
"Hila and I got married in Greenville in 1960," Walker says, "and after a stint in the military, we were living there when a neighbor's boss very graciously let us use his new house in Sea Pines. Back then, you knew you were in the Lowcountry from about an hour out, driving on the narrow roads with the big, mossy oaks hanging over them. Even after you crossed over to the island on the old two-lane bridge, it was like that all the way to Coligny Circle on the south end. It was just beautiful.


Below is a list of our regularly scheduled programs by day.
There are also Soul Care Group meetings throughout the week at various times and locations; for spiritual growth, Bible study and fellowship in a small group setting. For further information, please contact Pastor Dan.


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Jennet may be a girl's name, similar to Janet, or may refer to:

 The jennet, a historic type of riding horse
 The Spanish Jennet Horse, a developing new horse breed in the United States
 A female donkey, also written "jenny" (the pronunciation is identical in some dialects of English)
 A female hinny, also written "jenny"


MMPA wanted to build a new butter production plant connected to their current facility. Production was to remain uninterrupted during the construction and transition processes. The primary focus of this project was to equip MMPA with a facility and process equipment that enables all of the cream being produced in the milk drying operation to be processed under one roof.
The nearly 6,000 square foot plant addition and 4,300 square foot renovation includes a new processing area, a robot palletizing area, a control room, salt room, and silo alley, five new 50,000 gallon refrigerated storage silos, a new cream receiving bay, and increased cooler capacity.
Significant upgrades were made to the building infrastructure, including: incorporating a new electrical switchgear room, installing new HEPA filtered air handling units with UV lights. In addtion, installing a new state-of-the-art CIP system with inlet and outlet mix-proof valve clusters that were added to allow for the cleaning of filling and discharge lines separately, signifcantly reduced cleaning turnaround times.
This major upgrade provides enough additional capacity to also receive cream from outside sources to process into butter. With the addition of the new continuous butter churn, MMPA will be able to process 2.5 times (15,000 PPH) the amount of butter previously produced at this plant, achieving 100 million lbs./year capacity. With the addition of a third filler head, the capacity increases to 4.5 times (27,500 PPH).


REHMAT AZIZ CHITRALI AWARDED BY WIKIPIDIA.
A chitrali writter, poet, researcher, TV host the inventer of khowar vertual keyboad have been awarded by wikipidia foundation as "The Pakistan Barnstar of National Merit" on his work specially on promoting Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Chitral related topics on Wikipedia wiki.
Rahmat Aziz chitrali born in khot valley chitral in 25 April 1970. He receive his basic education in khot valley chitral after Matriculation he get admission in Government Inter College Booni were he passed FA and for Higher Education he went to karachi and get degree in Islamic studies specializing on Quraan and Tafseer and LLB.
In 1996 he started working for the promotion of khowar language with Khowar Academy. Rehmat Aziz chitrali have worked to promote khowar and other languages of nothern areas and gilgit internationally. He work perticularly made khowar with computer and solved computer writing problem by inventing khowar vertual keyboad which is avalable free on the internet.
His work on khowar and grammer for childrens and other books related to poetry and literature have played a vital role in promoting khowar internationally. He has written different books as Guldaan-e- Rahmat, Guldasta-e-Rahmat, Gulzokh,Gul Afshaniat-eIqbal, Khowar language Vocabulary, Urdu Vocabulary, Khowar Keyboard, khowar Dictionary, Khowar Words, khowar Grammar, Brahui Primer, Balochi Primer, Chitrali- Urdu Conversation and some are in progress.


Can dyslexia be a handicap?
Can dyslexia be a handicap if not corrected?
That is an excellent question, but the answer may vary from one dyslexic person to the next. Since there are no two individuals displaying the same show of symptoms, the variety of solutions is equally high. The dyslexic adults I see in my practice certainly have not "outgrown" their dyslexic tendencies or found an adequate solution; otherwise they wouldn't seek my help. They would certainly agree that the perceived handicap has to be corrected to stop influencing their lives in a negative way. Others have found "their niche" and successfully avoided having to perform in a profession that doesn't suit their big-picture mind. Richard Branson couldn't be called handicapped by his dyslexia, but being in his position, he wouldn't be required to delve into literacy, write letters himself or read his own legal documents. I have talked to many dyslexics who admitted to having made sure to be successful enough to be able to afford staff or at least a secretary to deal with the areas they'd be struggling with.
Categories: Uncategorized | Tags: #sydneydyslexia, Dyslexia Correction, dyslexia handicap | Permalink.
It's rather boring to read, but at least it showed how effective phonics are to learn nonsense words. Did you know that?
I'm sure you always wanted to read those too.
Categories: Uncategorized | Tags: #sydneydyslexia, phonics | Permalink.
I know your child may be Dyslexic, not Autistic, but if you know anyone who might benefit from this, it's worth passing on the informaiton. The lady coming out of Christchurch to give the talk on Tuesday, 29 April at 7 pm has more knowledge on the Davis Autism Approach than anyone apart from Ron Davis himself. Please register, although the talk is free.
Nurturing the Seed of Change is a workshop designed to enable parents, family members and support persons on the autism spectrum or autistic individuals looking for a self development program to help a person with autism through the Davis Autism Approach.
This information evening will give futher information on the Davis Autism Approach, how the program works should you work with a facilitator or how this workshop will help you.
grandparent, therapist, tutor, relative) if other than yourself.
Categories: Uncategorized | Tags: Davis Autism, Free Autism Talk | Permalink.
PHONICS: Even in England they have the same approach as here in Australia – and judging by the many teachers I have seen lately who complain that dyslexic kids still don't seem to get it – they have the same small margin of success. According to the article, synthetic phonics leave a staggering 52 % of the children behind. How can they claim, that research shows very clearly that this method (systemic phonics) has the highest success rate?
Every single child I see, who has been objected to this approach got worse, got nauseous or got left behind. I don't doubt that there are children who have benefitted from this method – but they were not visual learners! It is those who need our help, though. They are the ones labelled as dyslexic, SLD (Special learning difficulties) or some other label like auditory processing disordered etc.
WOW, that does my head in – no wonder they are confused!
You should see my current client – and the progress this 9-year-old has made after only three days, getting away from sounding out and reading nicely. This is still only the beginning, he will keep improving daily. He had been labelled too severely dyslexic to be taught, the mum had been asked if anything went wrong at birth and none of the intervention in the past few years (and they tried EVERYTHING) made any impact. His teachers all said that they had never taught anyone quite like him before – yet he turned out to be a real pleasure to teach, eager to learn, has great visual ability and remembers his words that way.
Categories: Uncategorized | Tags: #sydneydyslexia, Dyslexia and phonics, education for dyslexics, not again phonics | Permalink.
Guess what – Australia is further behind in that matter than NZ. Dyslexia isn't acknowledged nor dealt with by our government, by our education system nor taught to our teachers.
Letter to Fairfax NZ: Between 20-25 per cent of children in any classroom suffer from dyslexia to some degree. Without being able to read, each dyslexic child's education is fraught. Many of these children are highly intelligent and simply fall by the wayside. And they have been doing this for years because it appears that successive governments haven't cared.
It is not a difficult issue to address. Where schools are creating successful programmes, such as Kenakena School in Paraparaumu and Raumati Beach School, the results are wonderful from both reading and comprehension perspectives and for each child's feeling of accomplishment and self-worth. And the way they go about it is astonishingly simple and effective.
For years dyslexic children have had no voice. Please help give them one.
Categories: Uncategorized | Tags: #sydneydyslexia, Dyslexia and schools, Dyslexia Australia | Permalink.
Not surprisingly, really, President Barrack Obama is mildly Dyslexic and affected by ADD.
Categories: Uncategorized | Tags: #sydneydyslexia.com, Dyslexia and President Obama | Permalink.
How many people in Australia are illiterate?
A study from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (2007) has rated the literacy and numeracy skills of 9,000 Australian's on a five-point scale.
46% of Australians DON'T have the literacy and numeracy skills to participate effectively in present-day Australia, testing on Levels 1-3.
17% of them score on band 1, which makes them illiterate or very poor readers.
When testing their "life-skills," Level 3 is considered the minimum needed to effectively cope in today's life in Australia. The participants had to read financial documents (like workplace agreements), health instructions, newspaper articles and similar everyday numeracy tests: calculating change, understanding percentages of a sales item or the interest they are paying on the mortgage.
In no way is the result skewed by non-English speaking migrants; in fact, they are generally placing a higher value on learning and putting more effort and money into their offspring's education. If you think, this statistic rates us poorly, you are wrong. Australia rated pretty well, being placed fifth in an overall worldwide PISA ranking.
I have read a more recent study that suggests that we have sunken far further on the international PISA ratings scale.
Is there a link between literacy and income?
As mentioned before, dyslexics are found outside the box, so their level of income is often well above the average, but in many cases well below.
Statistically, there is a $200 income difference per week just between a level 1 and a level 2 reader. An improvement in a child's reading skill might be a rewarding investment.
Categories: Uncategorized | Tags: #sydneydyslexia, illiterate, literacy | Permalink.


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News Courier News Home News Tribune Sports Obituaries CN E-Edition HNT E-Edition Legals
41 apartments proposed for Front Street in downtown Scotch Plains
Mike Deak
MyCentralJersey.com
SCOTCH PLAINS - A proposal to build 41 apartments on Front Street will be heard by the township planning board this moth.
1805 Front Street LLC is scheduled to appear before the board for site approval on Dec. 13. The meeting will be held virtually; details how to access it can be found on the township's website.
The plan calls for the construction of an L-shaped, three-story building on the 1.39-acre property west of Park Avenue. The ground floor footprint will be 25,571 square feet.
No use variance is required because the property, which used to contain two houses, is in the township Business Zone with the Downtown Affordable Housing Overlay Zone.
A design variance is needed, however, because the proposed height of the building is 40.8 feet where the ordinance allows 40 feet maximum. No other variances are required.
Related: 'Bringing new vibrancy to our downtown': Scotch Plains unveils ambitious redevelopment plan
In his review of the project, Board Engineer Paul Ferriero expressed concern about the proposed stormwater management system.
"It is not clear that the stormwater management system as designed is feasible," Ferriero wrote in his report to the board.
The engineer also noted that the parking area is below the flood hazard elevation, which means the plan may need the approval of the state Department of Environmental Protection.
The proposal calls for the removal of all but two trees on the property. The two largest trees on the rear property line will remain.
The property is one block to the west of Park Avenue and next to the township's redevelopment area for downtown, which was unveiled this summer.
That plan, overs 9.5 acres of municipally owned properties, plus the Scotch Plains Rescue Squad lot on Bartle Avenue, calls for the construction of 350 residential units spread across the redevelopment area, a minimum of 15,000 square feet of commercial space for restaurants and stores, and two major public open space plazas for a total of approximately 13,500 square feet for outdoor events and activities.
The centerpiece of the plan is a new public library and municipal offices combined in a single building, replacing the out-of-date library on Bartle Avenue and municipal building on Park Avenue.
Email: mdeak@mycentraljersey.com
Mike Deak is a reporter for mycentraljersey.com. To get unlimited access to his articles on Somerset and Hunterdon counties, please subscribe or activate your digital account today.
© 2022 www.mycentraljersey.com. All rights reserved.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


ISA Healthcare Solutions has been awarded the contract for the planning stage of the Regional eHealth Project, a joint eHealth initiative between the Cairns and Hinterland Hospital and Health Service (CHHHS) and Torres and Cape HHS (TCHHS).
The project plans for MMEx, ISA's integrated point-of-care clinical record, to be rolled out across 58 sites covering primary, community and some acute care settings in the region as part of an overall $35 million project.
For more information, please contact Chris Pearson or Jisun Lim at ISA Healthcare Solutions on 08 6250 9170.


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L'Eroica 2018 a Gaiole in Chianti
Jump back in time to live the charm of the thrilling vintage bike ride
Bookable services
Tours & Activities Transfer
On the gravel roads of Siena, in the Chianti area, near Val D'Orcia and Crete Senesi, one of the highlights of biking in Tuscany is back on October 7th: the Eroica, with departure from Gaiole in Chianti. It is a fascinating Italian cycling race which is completed using vintage bikes by 'heroes', dressed up in line with the vintage theme. It is like jumping back to the past, both for those who will do the pedalling and for those who simply decide to admire the picturesque view of cyclists riding by. The Eroica race in Gaiole animates the whole village not only with the buzz of the race but also with the collateral events such as photo and book exhibitions and, as expected, also with the 'heroic bikes'! Not forgetting the long trail of cars and motorcycles - these too are vintage – that are there to help the race and cyclists. A real jump back in time to return to real and clean cycling, embodied by the likes of Coppi and Bartali. Cycling isn't 'scientific and aseptic' like it is today, but rather it comes with dust, mud and fatigue, and above all it is driven by an incredible lust for adventure. Just take a look at some Eroica Gaiole photos to realize that one of the added values of this race lies in the wonderful Tuscan landscape that unfolds along the dirt roads that make up the track of the Eroica.
HISTORY OF THE EROICA BIKE RACE IN GAIOLE
The idea of the Eroica bike ride was conceived by Giancarlo Brocci in 1997, when he invited a small group of enthusiasts to go for a ride on dirt roads. He was motivated by the desire to return to a genuine type of cycling which could also safeguard and promote the beauty of the area from the viewpoint of the characteristic dirt roads that cross the wonderful Chianti area. In these lands you cycle through vineyards, followed by sunflower fields dotted by ancient castles, villages and rows of cypresses. The success of the event has grown exponentially, so much so that the famous 'Strada Bianca race' (Italian for dirt roads) has more than 7,000 members, and more than 15,000 people flock to Gaiole in Chianti on the first Sunday in October. For now, the trend seems to be promising even for the 22nd edition of the Eroica!
EROICA: BIKE RULES
Without wanting to go too deep in detail we'd like to tell you some of the features that make the Hero of Gaiole so special. But if any of you readers are aspiring heroes, we advise you to take a look at the details on the event website. Let's start from the bicycle that must be a real heroic bike. The Eroica is a vintage bike ride, so you must ride a vintage bike or a vintage-inspired bike. To be more precise, you must exclusively use road racing bikes that were built up to the year 1987, both with and without a gearbox, in steel frame like the ones built at the end of the 1800s or at the beginning of the 1900s. The bikes for the Eroica in vintage ride style, however, can be produced more recently but must have similar characteristics to the Eroica bikes of the past. Naturally, you can't ride such bikes if not with vintage cycling clothing! It would be a sacrilege to wear the latest technical clothing! Even the Eroica clothing must be adequate and follow precise characteristics, one of which stands out above all the others: no lycra! Participants must wear sweaters and shorts made of wool and every accessory from gloves, shoes, bottles to glasses must follow the theme of the Chianti vintage bike race. It's a beautiful show to see them pass by! The Tuscany vintage bike race is not competitive and the various routes start French-style, that is, in dribs and drabs.
EROICA 2018: ROUTE
The itinerary crosses some of the most beautiful roads in the province of Siena: only cycling on dirt tracks can recreate the atmosphere of times gone by. Upon completing the Eroica Gaiole registration, which can be done conveniently online, you can also choose the route that best suits your athletic preparation! In short, what matters is your spirit, you don't have to be a hero at all costs! One of the most beautiful things of this race is the atmosphere at the refreshment points: between one snack and another, the agonism definitely fades into the background! That having been said, here are the routes:
Promenade (46 km): it is the easiest way to enjoy the spirit of the Eroica Italian bike race and not only as spectators, but without exaggerating by engaging in too demanding performances. The route takes about three hours and is characterized by a difference in height of 691 meters.
Short route (75 km): It lasts about 4 hours and is considered the 'gateway to the Eroica, Italy'. It has a height gain of 1522 m but the Lamole restaurant at the end promises a lavish reward with the 'ribollita', typical cured meats and excellent wine.
Medium route (135 km): this is when things heat up and enter into the realm of heroic cycling, with an itinerary that takes 10-12 hours to complete, obviously with some breaks, but still the number of kilometres is high! Even the difference in height, and consequently the number of steep sections, is no joke: 2.300 meters.
Long route (209 km): this route takes at least 15 hours to complete, so the departure is before sunrise and the arrival in Chianti in Gaiole will be at around 22.00. It is very a charming spectacle to see cyclists arrive in the darkness of the night, especially when they pass by the Castle of Brolio. After 3,251 meters of altitude and 15 hours on the saddle, those who complete it are true heroes. Heroes with the kick and passion of times gone by!
The Eroica Gaiole 2018 route can be followed independently all year round, perhaps it is best to split it into several stages. It is indicated by special signposting and you can find it in Eroica maps. You can also buy the Road Book where you can place all the stamps you collect at authorized shops. Once you have them all you can also request the 'Hero' certificate! Apart from this, traveling along these itineraries is an incredibly fascinating way of experiencing Tuscany by bike: wonderful landscapes and excellent local products! Much better than doping! In these areas the fuel is cured meats, pecorino cheese and wine!
Keep yourselves free for October 7th and go to Gaiole for the Eroica 2018, the most fascinating bike route ever. Whether you are a cyclist or a mere spectator, Chianti during the harvest period will be simply magical: warm weather, pleasant temperatures and beautiful autumn colors. Explore it with our fantastic tours in Chianti... if you really cannot get off the saddle, there is one even by bike!
Period: 07 October 2018
Event location: Gaiole in Chianti
Contacts: more info & registrations www.eroicagaiole.com
Chianti on a Vespa with traditional lunch and wine tastings: guided tour from Florence by minibus
Location: Florence
Food and wine bike tour around Chianti: departure from Florence by minivan
Duration: approx. 6 hours
Chianti castles tour from Siena with typical Tuscan lunch and wine tasting


These videos provide an on-line Jazz Course, based on a two-day in-person course. (This section is a work-in-progress: more videos are being developed). Start with Set Up, and then The Jazz Language. As you view these videos you should use Jazz and experiment with it. Don't rush. Take your time to understand what the video is showing you.
Click here to show/hide the current list of these videos.


Farm Tour Pricing: $14/person or $50/family, whichever is less. Ages 0-2 are free.
Public Farm Tours: Ideal for smaller groups. Complete sign-up form below or call (609) 651-5991 to schedule in advance (preferably 7 days before your desired tour date). This allows us to have enough staff available to give you the time and full attention you deserve on your visit. Tours start promptly at 2:30 pm every 2nd and/or 4th Saturday of the month Spring through Fall. Public tour dates are offered on pre-scheduled dates, see available tour dates in sign up box.
Private Farm Tours: Complete sign-up form below so we may personalize your visit depending on your groups' interests. Private farm tours require a minimum of 15 people (or $210) to schedule. Seeing cows being milked is not guaranteed for a private tour and is dependent on the time of your visit.
Please select the preferred date for your farm tour.
Farm tours are every 2nd and/or 4th Saturday of the Month @ 2:30 pm! Please select your preferred date.
I fully understand and acknowledge that there are inherent risks and dangers involved in the participation in a Farm Tour. The activities and use of any equipment related to such activities could result in injury, illness, death or damage to personal property. I understand that other participants, accidents, and forces of nature may cause these risk and dangers and I hereby accept these risk and dangers.
Each planned participant is in good health and is fully able to participate.
I HAVE READ THE ABOVE AND BY SIGNING IT, I AGREE IT IS MY INTENTION TO PARTICIPATE IN A FARM TOUR AND I UNDERSTAND AND ACCEPT THE RISKS INVOLVED.
I AGREE THAT BY SUBMITTING THIS FORM THAT I HAVE READ AND AGREE TO THE TERMS AS DECLARED ABOVE. IT IS MY INTENTION TO PARTICIPATE IN A FARM TOUR AND I UNDERSTAND AND ACCEPT THE RISKS INVOLVED.
Public Farm Tours are best for small groups/families. Scheduling a Private Farm Tour is recommended for groups of 15 or more people. Registration is required…preferably 7 days before your desired tour date. This will allow us to have enough staff available to give you the time and full attention you deserve on your visit. Space fills up quickly!


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Tarnawa-Góra – wieś w Polsce położona w województwie świętokrzyskim, w powiecie włoszczowskim, w gminie Moskorzew. Leży 5 km na zachód od Moskorzewa, 27 km na południe od Włoszczowy, 71 km na południowy zachód od Kielc.

W latach 1975–1998 miejscowość administracyjnie należała do województwa częstochowskiego.

We wsi w 1921 urodził się August Kowalczyk – polski aktor teatralny, filmowy i telewizyjny, reżyser.

Miejscowość leży w obszarze Natura 2000,Dolina Górnej Pilicy oraz Dolina Białej Nidy.
We wsi ma początek ścieżka rowerowa Tarnawa-Góra – Mękarzów

Przypisy

Moskorzew (gmina)


simin6747 Great buyer! Polite and reliable, plesant transaction!
junwei360 Reliable buyer, great communication! Thanks a lot!!
@rm91ka is on Carousell - Follow to stay updated!
Shiatsu Plus Neck & Shoulder Massager with Heat Very comforting for Neck and Shoulder pain. Easy to use Made in Germany Almost in new condition.
Wine red High pile Rug Size: 130x190 cm.


The Chauncey Group International and AmEnglish.com have collaborated in the development of Pronunciation in American English, a dynamic and practical language-learning CD-ROM that is part of the Tools for T'EIC series. The interactive multimedia program improves pronunciation skills for non-native speakers of English at the intermediate level and above. It can be used by individual learners, in classroom training environments, and can be adapted for distance learning courses. The program provides learners with both visual and oral simulations for help with the Test of English for International Communication (T'EIC). In addition, the pronunciation and other language exercises portrayed in the program are set in a meaningful workplace context, allowing learners to practice and improve their communication skills in a realistic way. The product focuses on the key areas of stress, intonation and rhythm. The Chauncey Group International, Princeton, NJ, (609) 720-6500, www.chauncey.com.


Antique Rainaud Bent Panel Slag Glass Lamp c. 1910 Signed Art Nouveau Handel. Antique Rainaud Bent Panel Slag Glass Lamp, circa 1910. We feature a growing selection of Oriental, Chinese and Ethnic antiques. FREE PICK-UP IN THE CHICAGOLAND AREA. Up for your consideration is a fine signed Rainaud slag glass lamp, in the Art Nouveau style, c. The lamp has caramel slag glass panels, that are bent outward near the bottom perimeter, which features an original painted filigree in green and red. The lamp base is signed "Rainaud", and the lamp shade (and all other parts) are original to the lamp. It has been professionally rewired with a cloth cord, and is ready for immediate use. The piece is 17.5″ in diameter and 8″ tall, the bace base is 23 tall from base to finial. Overall, the lamp is in excellent condition. The shade is free of cracks, chips, restorations, or missing filigree. The base is complete, intact, and stands straight, but has lost much of its original polychrome decoration (paint). Also, the base is made of cast iron, and the underside shows rust. This quote is for the Continental U. International Buyers Please Note. These charges are the buyers responsibility. FREE scheduling, supersized images and templates. Get Vendio Sales Manager. Make your listings stand out with FREE Vendio custom templates! Over 100,000,000 served. Get FREE counters from Vendio today! The item "Antique Rainaud Bent Panel Slag Glass Lamp c. 1910 Signed Art Nouveau Handel" is in sale since Monday, March 3, 2014. This item is in the category "Collectibles\Lamps, Lighting\Lamps\ Electric\Table Lamps". The seller is "thesapphiregallery" and is located in Chicago, Illinois. This item can be shipped worldwide.


This large garden memorial complex was built on a 1/2 acre adjacent to the largest WSP detachment in the state. The memorial honors those Troopers "who made the ultimate sacrifice in in the line of duty". The Blue Pearl pedestal and badge-shaped base are in the center surrounded by three benches (not shown). The pedestal features a quote by their Chief as well as actual silver memorial coins recessed into the top. Nine Troopers who have previously lost their life in the county are all individually memorialized with plaques placed around the large lush garden. These plaques are in the shape of a police badge, attached to 36" SS poles. Each plaque feature the Troopers name, photo, E.O.W dates and the appropriate coins based on type of service. The large garden area with walkways and exhibits draws visitors in with a large mural painted on a large window. The private dedication ceremony was attended by over 300 Troopers and their families.


Not everyone who operates a snowmobile is qualified to ride one, especially with alcohol involved. Snowmobile accident injuries are often severe and avoidable. If you've been injured in a snowmobile accident, contact our Buffalo injury attorneys for a free consultation.
We get calls from potential clients who are injured in snowmobile accidents. These cases are a bit trickier because it's a recreational activity. There are certain laws on the books in New York state that will prevent, for example, trail owners and operators from negligence for injuries or accidents sustained by somebody using that trail because it is deemed often to be inherently part of that sport or recreation. There are exceptions to that rule though, these impose further obligations on the property owner if they did something in a negligent matter. For example, they may have created a trail that was too dangerous for people that were participating.
Just sustaining an injury without it being somebody else's fault, will not give rise to a claim for negligence. Even if there is some, then your attorney has to do an analysis under the General Obligations Law to see if you potentially have a claim against that property owner or the trail maintainer.
Attorney Richard Nicotra is a partner with Andrews, Bernstein, Maranto & Nicotra, PLLC and has achieved the highest rating of 10 on Avvo. Attorney Nicotra has won million dollar verdicts and settlements and is the current President of the New York State Trial Lawyers – Western Region Affiliate.


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Skidrow Game Reloaded » Games PC » Adventure Games » Page 3
Asterix and Obelix XXL Romastered Build 5676589 (upd.23.10.2020)
Full game FREE DOWNLOAD First Release TORRENT
Asterix and Obelix XXL Romastered — is an updated version of the 2004 3D platformer that tells the story of the adventures of Gallic warriors and is based on the popular comic book series. Unlike the original game developed by Etranges Libellules, the remaster was produced by OSome Studio under the direction of Microids. Similarly, they have updated other games from the Asterix & Obelix XXL series earlier. The game begins with Asterix and Obelix returning to the village after a successful day of boar hunting. But their family home caught fire, and their friends went missing. The heroes learn that it was the army of the Roman Empire, and decide to go with their faithful dog Idfix to help the kidnapped villagers, visiting Gaul, Egypt, Greece or Rome itself.
This game has been updated 15-01-2021, 10:33 to the latest version Build 5676589 (upd.23.10.2020).
Games PC / Adventure Games
Admin from 15-01-2021, 01:33
Bloodstained Ritual of the Night v1.20 (upd.14.01.2021) - CODEX
CODEX Full game FREE DOWNLOAD Latest version TORRENT
Bloodstained Ritual of the Night — when beautiful Miriam regains consciousness, she feels incredible pain and suffering. It turns out unknown creatures resembling demons were able to destroy the early environment and intervened in a direct battle for the future. Now the heroine, in which you act, will have to fight with every creature, deliver a direct blow in the hope that humanity will surely bow its head and help it overcome obstacles and withstand. But the place where she woke up is really damned and uncertain, which means there are every chance to believe that your world has long been destroyed.
This game has been updated 14-01-2021, 16:15 to the latest version v1.20 (upd.14.01.2021).
WanderWoods v0.2.5 (upd.14.01.2021)
Early Access FREE DOWNLOAD Latest version TORRENT
WanderWoods — is a relaxing game about calm exploration of a beautiful procedurally generated forest. Take a relaxing walk, explore the bush or ride a horse along the forest's many paths. During the 2020 COVID pandemic, the developer of this game spent a lot of time walking the dogs in the forest near his home. He saw how he changed at different times of the day and depending on the season. He was comfortable walking along familiar paths, there was excitement when looking for new ones.
This game has been updated 14-01-2021, 16:11 to the latest version v0.2.5 (upd.14.01.2021).
Skigameco from 14-01-2021, 16:11
Down in Bermuda v1.0 (upd.14.01.2021) - DARKZER0
DARKZER0 Full game FREE DOWNLOAD First Release TORRENT
Down in Bermuda — has added a new island, making the project longer. The game is a puzzle game filled with lots of strange characters and tons of lava. The main character, Milton, is called upon to solve puzzles and you must help him. The main goal is to revive the comet god to life. This is a stylish isometric adventure game in which you play as a pilot named Milton, who, like many other famous people, gets lost in the Bermuda Triangle. The game originally started with three separate islands to explore, and one of the best parts of Down in Bermuda was the variety of puzzle types you had to solve as you progress through the adventure.
This game has been updated 15-01-2021, 12:36 to the latest version v1.0 (upd.14.01.2021).
ENCHAIN v0.1.1 (upd.14.01.2021)
ENCHAIN — a wide range of cool weapons awaits you. And even if they do not look realistic, they shoot and destroy enemies is very, very spectacular. Enemies' bodies scattering to pieces will not let you doubt it. Plus, as you progress through the game, you will acquire a whole bunch of additional weapons and gadgets. A well-thought-out combo system is waiting for you, allowing you to combine attacks and a variety of types of powerful weapons. Otherwise, ENCHAIN is a typical shooter with a touch of platforming. Explore the vast expanses of a mysterious mysterious crypt, destroy the undead in every possible way, kill bosses and mini-bosses, solve puzzles that you will meet at every step, jump on platforms and just survive, slowly and confidently reaching your goal.
Chinatown Detective Agency upd.14.01.2021 (Pre-Alpha 2)
Chinatown Detective Agency — is a mixture of quest and adventure detective, in which you have to go to the noir version of the future and investigate the case of a conspiracy that fell into the hands of the main character. The events of the game take place in 2032, in the world of the future, in which real chaos is happening. There is practically no justice, all the cases that the police previously dealt with remain uninvestigated, and now all hope is only for private detectives. Well, you just play the role of such a detective. You will have to play the role of Amira Darma. She is a former agent of Interpol, and now decided to go to private detectives in Singapore.
This game has been updated 14-01-2021, 08:40 to the latest version upd.14.01.2021 (Pre-Alpha 2).
The Call Of Paper Plane v1.0 (upd.12.01.2021) - DARKSiDERS
DARKSiDERS Full game FREE DOWNLOAD First Release TORRENT
Fascinating adventures have always been especially popular. The game project The Call Of Paper Plane — provides an opportunity for everyone to go on an extraordinary journey. The plot of the project tells and shows us a simple paper airplane as it travels in the natural environment and climate of nature. It may seem to you that this project requires a minimum of activity, but it is not. The player needs to learn how to navigate and contact with the outside world. Therefore, you need to be very attentive, notice changes in time and react to them. Since the outcome of the game will depend on your reaction and decisions.
The Waylanders v0.30 (upd.11.01.2021)
The Waylanders — is your typical adventure game series. The main action will take place during enlightenment and a meeting between two gods. However, during the negotiations, something went wrong and the main character turns out to be practically dead. At the same time, the whole earth was captured by magical creatures who made the remains of civilization into a minefield, where battles for power are constantly taking place. Moreover, the player will have to choose a side for which he will fight in this merciless war. Very soon, the main character will notice that he is not dependent on time, and from here his main journey will begin.
PixARK v1.117 (upd.11.01.2021) + DLC Skyward
Full game FREE DOWNLOAD Latest version TORRENT
The action PixARK takes place in the universe of ARK Survival Evolved. The game stands out voxel style — all characters, buildings and monsters consist of a huge number of blocks. A kind of a mixture of «Arch» and «Meincraft.» As in many other projects to survive in the open world, PixARK offers to create its own unique hero (promise an advanced development system), build a dwelling and other buildings, unite with other players and go to perform various tasks in procedurally generated worlds. However, there will be a single-player campaign in PixArk. Developers have worked over 100 unusual creatures, which can be tamed and used as mounts.
This game has been updated 11-01-2021, 16:01 to the latest version v1.117 (upd.11.01.2021) + DLC Skyward.
Craftopia upd.06.01.2021
Craftopia — is an open world RPG. The game features multiplayer, co-op, hunting, fishing, construction, survival elements, the ability to drive vehicles, pumping, a character editor and a Hack-and-slash combat system. Gamers will be able to study magic, farm, hunt monsters, craft items and weapons, and build various objects. For Craftopia, the creators have collected the best features from all the existing craft games and combined them into one fantastic survival game. Players will have to go to an unknown planet and not only survive, but also do everything to return home. However, you can change your mind and return.
This game has been updated 11-01-2021, 05:22 to the latest version upd.06.01.2021.
Factorio v1.0 + ModPack
Euro Truck Simulator 2 v1.39.2.4s + DLC
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My Summer Car v14.01.2021
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Stationeers v0.2.2724.13197
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18/10/2019 Kerbal Space Program 2
13/10/2019 Tom Clancys Ghost Recon Breakpoint
06/10/2019 House Flipper City
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MYC-IG rearrangements are negative predictors of survival in DLBCL patients treated with immunochemotherapy: a GELA/LYSA study
Christiane Copie-Bergman, Peggy Cuillière-Dartigues, Maryse Baia, Josette Briere, Richard Delarue, Danielle Canioni, Gilles Salles, Marie Parrens, Karim Belhadj, Bettina Fabiani, Christian Recher, Tony Petrella, Nicolas Ketterer, Frederic Peyrade, Corinne Haioun, Inga Nagel, Reiner Siebert, Fabrice Jardin, Karen Leroy, Jean-Philippe Jais, Herve Tilly, Thierry Jo Molina and Philippe Gaulard
Blood 2015 126:2466-2474; doi: https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2015-05-647602
Christiane Copie-Bergman
Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Henri Mondor–Albert Chenevier, Département de Pathologie, Creteil, France; Universite Paris-Est, Faculté de Médecine, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 955, Créteil, France; INSERM, Unité 955, Creteil, France;
Peggy Cuillière-Dartigues
Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France;
Maryse Baia
INSERM, Unité 955, Creteil, France;
Josette Briere
Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Department of Pathology, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Paris, France;
Richard Delarue
Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker, Department of Hematology, Paris, France;
Danielle Canioni
Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker, Department of Pathology, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France;
Gilles Salles
Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, Service d'Hématologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5239, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Lyon, France;
Marie Parrens
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux, EA2406, Bordeaux, France;
Karim Belhadj
Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Unité Lymphoïde, Créteil, France;
Bettina Fabiani
Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Department of Pathology, Paris, France;
Christian Recher
Service d'Hématologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer, Toulouse, France;
Tony Petrella
Department of Pathology, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montreal, Canada;
Nicolas Ketterer
Pluridisciplinary Center for Oncology, University Hospital–Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland;
Frederic Peyrade
Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer de Nice, Nice, France;
Corinne Haioun
Inga Nagel
Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany;
Reiner Siebert
Fabrice Jardin
Centre Henri Becquerel and INSERM Unité 918, Institut de Recherche et d'Innovation Biomédicale, Rouen, France;
Karen Leroy
Jean-Philippe Jais
Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker, Department of Biostatistics, Paris, France;
Herve Tilly
Thierry Jo Molina
Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker, Department of Pathology, Université Paris Descartes, EA 7324, Paris, France
Philippe Gaulard
MYC-IG translocation partner gene is a negative predictor of survival in DLBCL patients.
Publisher's Note: There is an Inside Blood Commentary on this article in this issue.
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with MYC rearrangement (MYC-R) carries an unfavorable outcome. We explored the prognostic value of the MYC translocation partner gene in a series of MYC-R de novo DLBCL patients enrolled in first-line prospective clinical trials (Groupe d'Etudes des Lymphomes de l'Adulte/Lymphoma Study Association) and treated with rituximab-anthracycline–based chemotherapy. A total of 774 DLBCL cases characterized for cell of origin by the Hans classifier were analyzed using fluorescence in situ hybridization with BCL2, BCL6, MYC, immunoglobulin (IG)K, and IGL break-apart and IGH/MYC, IGK/MYC, and IGL/MYC fusion probes. MYC-R was observed in 51/574 (8.9%) evaluable DLBCL cases. MYC-R cases were predominantly of the germinal center B-cell–like subtype 37/51 (74%) with no distinctive morphologic and phenotypic features. Nineteen cases were MYC single-hit and 32 cases were MYC double-hit (MYC plus BCL2 and/or BCL6) DLBCL. MYC translocation partner was an IG gene in 24 cases (MYC-IG) and a non-IG gene (MYC-non-IG) in 26 of 50 evaluable cases. Noteworthy, MYC-IG patients had shorter overall survival (OS) (P = .0002) compared with MYC-negative patients, whereas no survival difference was observed between MYC-non-IG and MYC-negative patients. In multivariate analyses, MYC-IG predicted poor progression-free survival (P = .0051) and OS (P = .0006) independently from the International Prognostic Index and the Hans classifier. In conclusion, we show in this prospective randomized trial that the adverse prognostic impact of MYC-R is correlated to the MYC-IG translocation partner gene in DLBCL patients treated with immunochemotherapy. These results may have an important impact on the clinical management of DLBCL patients with MYC-R who should be routinely characterized according to MYC partner gene. These trials are individually registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00144807, #NCT01087424, #NCT00169143, #NCT00144755, #NCT00140660, #NCT00140595, and #NCT00135499.
MYC is an oncogene involved in the pathogenesis of Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).1 MYC transcription factor plays a dual role as gene amplifier but also downregulates tumor cell proliferation by regulating the P53 apoptotic pathway.2,3 According to published studies, MYC rearrangement (MYC-R) is observed in 7% to 21% of DLBCL cases.4⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓-15 MYC break may occur de novo as a sole genetic event or in combination with BCL2 and/or BCL6 translocations defining so-called "double-hit" (DHL) or "triple-hit" lymphomas (THL).16 Most MYC-R DLBCL have a germinal center B-cell–like (GCB) phenotype as defined by the Hans immunohistochemical classifier.16,17 In contrast to BL where MYC is classically translocated within the immunoglobulin (IG) loci, either the IG heavy chain gene (IGH) or more rarely the Ig light chain genes κ (IGK) or λ (IGL), up to half of MYC-R DLBCL involve non-IG translocation partner genes including BCL6, PAX5, BCL11A, or IKAROS.17⇓⇓⇓-21
When considering the clinical relevance of MYC-R in DLBCL, there remain several unresolved issues. First, many groups have focused on the prognostic value of MYC gene deregulation in a variety of "aggressive" B-cell lymphomas with controversial results. In DLBCL, most studies have reported MYC-R as a strong adverse prognostic factor,4⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓-10,22 whereas others failed to demonstrate any significant impact of MYC-R alone on survival.11,12,19,20 Secondly, DHL have been reported to have an extremely poor prognosis, but most studies were based on the retrospective analysis of patients presenting with very aggressive clinical features, thereby precluding their inclusion in any prospective clinical trials.16,17,23⇓⇓⇓⇓-28 Finally, the potential role of the MYC translocation partner gene has been addressed in a few recent studies. Interestingly, although heterogeneous in terms of histologies and therapy, they suggested a possible prognostic impact of an IG partner gene.17,19,20
This prompted us to investigate the prognostic value of the MYC translocation partner gene (IG vs non-IG) in de novo DLBCL patients enrolled in first-line prospective Groupe d'Etudes des Lymphomes de l'Adulte (GELA)/Lymphoma Study Association (LYSA) clinical trials, and treated with rituximab and anthracycline-based chemotherapy. In this study, we also focused on the clinical relevance of MYC-R–associated parameters such as single-hit (SH) or double-hit (DH) status in this clinical context.
A total of 1696 patients with previously untreated de novo CD20+ DLBCL were enrolled in the GELA/LYSA LNH01-5B and LNH03-B clinical trials. LNH01-5B was a randomized trial initiated in 2001 that included de novo CD20+ DLBCL patients (age-adjusted International Prognosis Index [aaIPI] = 2 to 3, age 60 to 65 years) randomly assigned to treatment with R-CHOP or rituximab plus doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vindesine, bleomycin, and prednisone (R-ACVBP). The LNH03-B trial initiated in 2003 was dedicated to patients with de novo previously untreated CD20+ DLBCL. Patients were stratified according to age and aaIPI, and were assigned to the following randomized trials: LNH03-1B (aaIPI = 0, <60 years), LNH03-2B (aaIPI = 1, <60 years), LNH03-3B and 39B (aaIPI = 2 to 3, <60 years), LNH03-6B (aaIPI = 0 to 3, age 60 to 80 years), and LNH03-7B (>80 years). Details regarding the design and data management of the LNH03-2B, 03-3B, and 03-7B trials have been published.29⇓⇓-32 Treatments included R-CHOP21/14 (03-6B, 03-2B, 01-5B), R-mini-CHOP21 (03-7B), and R-ACVBP or ACVBP (03-1B and 03-3B, 03-39B) regimens. The trials are individually registered at clinicaltrials.gov as noted previously. For the purpose of the current study, only patients with DLBCL treated with rituximab-associated chemotherapy were selected. These studies complied with all provisions of the Declaration of Helsinki and were conducted in accordance with good clinical practice guidelines. All patients gave written informed consent to participate and to provide tissue material for biological studies.
Tumor samples from CD20+ DLBCL patients enrolled in the trials were centrally reviewed by at least two hematopathologists from LYSA to confirm the diagnosis of CD20-positive DLBCL according to the World Health Organization classification.1 Tissue microarrays (TMA) containing 3 representative 0.6-mm cores of routinely processed tissues from DLBCL cases were prepared (Beecher Instruments, Silver Spring, MD). Only patients with large tumor samples were selected for TMA (excluding needle biopsy). Among patients with available tissue blocks, 854 were subjected to TMA. The quality of each tissue core was evaluated for morphology using hematoxylin and eosin staining and for the percentage of CD20+ tumor cells. Only tissue cores with more than 50% CD20+ tumor cells were considered evaluable for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemical studies. Consequently, the eligible population included 774 patients with a pre-analytical validation of TMA cores.
Paraffin tissue sections from TMA blocks (3 μm thick) were subjected to antigen retrieval and immunostained on a BenchMark Ultra automated stainer (Roche Ventana, Tucson, AZ) for CD20, CD5, CD10, BCL6, and MUM1 as previously described.33 In addition, Mib1 (Ki67), BCL2 (clone 124; Dako Cytomation, Glostrup Denmark) and MYC (Epitomics, Burlingame, CA) were performed on full slides of MYC-R DLBCL. The cell of origin classification was based on the Hans algorithm.34 A detailed additional pathological review of all MYC-R cases was performed by 4 expert hematopathologists (C.C.B., T.J.M., J.B., and P.G.) with additional immunostainings for Ki67, BCL2, and MYC, and with the knowledge of FISH results to search for any specific pathological features (ie, cytological appearance, starry sky pattern, Ki67 proliferative index, and level of MYC protein expression).
Interphase FISH analysis
FISH analysis was performed on 3 µm TMA tissue sections using break-apart FISH DNA probes for cMYC/8q24, BCL2/18q21, and BCL6/3q27 (probes Y5410, Y5407, and Y5408; Dako A/S) as previously described.35 All cases with MYC-R were further analyzed using Vysis LSI IGH/MYC/CEP 8 Tri-Color Dual Fusion Probes (Abbott Laboratories, Chicago, IL) and IGK and IGL break-apart FISH DNA probes (Y5416 and Y5412; Dako A/S). In cases where FISH with break-apart probes suggested breakpoints affecting the MYC locus as well as one of the IG light-chain loci, IGK or IGL, interphase FISH was performed using IGK-MYC and IGL-MYC double-color fusion assays.4,36 Slides were evaluated under a fluorescence microscope (Zeiss, Göttingen, Germany) equipped with appropriate filter sets.
Patients' characteristics and response rates were compared using the χ2 or Fisher's exact tests (depending on the number of observations) for categorical parameters and the Mann–Whitney test for continuous parameters. Overall survival (OS) was measured from date of randomization to death from any cause and progression-free survival (PFS) from the date of randomization to the date of disease progression, relapse, or death from any cause. Survival analyses were performed using the log-rank test and expressed as Kaplan–Meier plots with appropriate 95% CIs. Multivariate analyses were performed with a Cox proportional hazards regression model. Differences between the results of comparative tests were considered significant if the 2-sided P value was < .05. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS 9.2 software (SAS Institute, Cary, NC).
Clinical characteristics and outcome of the global population
Of the 774 DLBCL patients treated by R-chemo and with evaluable TMA tissue cores, 574 (74%) had interpretable FISH signals using a MYC break-apart probe and constituted our study population (Figure 1). The clinical characteristics of the patients are listed in Table 1. The median age was 62 years (range, 18 to 93 years). The median follow-up was 43 months (range, 0.3 to 83.2 months). The response rate at the end of the treatment was 80.5% (complete remission/unconfirmed complete remission). The 5-year PFS for the 574 patients was 64% and the 5-year OS was 72.3%. The majority of the patients (63.2%) received R-CHOP (319) or R-mini-CHOP (44), and 211 patients (36.8%) received R-ACVBP. The clinical features of the 574 patients of this study were similar to those of the entire cohort of patients (n = 1696) included in the LNH-01-5B and LNH03 trials (data not shown).
Flow-chart of LNH03-B and LNH01-5B cohort, case selection, and FISH results. BCL2-R, DLBCL with BCL2 gene rearrangement; BCL6-R, DLBCL with BCL6 gene rearrangement; MYC-R, DLBCL with MYC gene rearrangement; MYC-IG, MYC gene rearrangement with IG partner gene; MYC-non-IG, MYC gene rearrangement with non-IG partner gene.
Clinical features of MYC-R vs MYC-neg, MYC-SH vs MYC-DH, and MYC-IG vs MYC-non-IG partner gene
FISH results
BCL2/18q21, BCL6/3q27, and MYC/8q24 gene rearrangements were observed in 21.2% (122/574), 27.4% (157/573), and 8.9% (51/574) of the cases, respectively (Figure 1). Fifteen cases harbored both BCL2 and BCL6 gene rearrangements (15/573 = 2.6%).
MYC-R cases were subdivided into MYC-SH (19 cases) when there was no concomitant rearrangement of both BCL2 and BCL6, and MYC-DH (32 cases) when concurrent BCL2 and/or BCL6 breakpoints were observed. For simplification, the term "double-hit" was used for all cases with MYC-R and additional breakpoints, including triple-hit cases. In total, MYC-DH included 19 MYC/BCL2, 7 MYC/BCL6, and 6 MYC/BCL2/BCL6 cases.
MYC-R tumor samples were evaluable for MYC Ig partner genes using MYC/IgH/CEN8 fusion probe, and IGK and IGL break-apart probes: 23 cases showed MYC/IGH fusion signals and 5 cases IGK (n = 3) or IGL (n = 2) breaks. In order to demonstrate whether these IGK or IGL were fused to the MYC gene, 4 of these 5 cases with sufficient material available were further evaluated with MYC-IGK or MYC-IGL fusion probes. Only 1 of these 4 cases with IGK or IGL breaks displayed MYC-IGL fusion signals. Therefore, the other 3 were assigned to the non-IG-MYC group.
Altogether, among the 50 MYC-R DLBCL evaluable for MYC-IG partner gene, MYC translocation partner genes involved IG loci in 24 cases (23 IGH and 1 IGL) and were called MYC-IG, whereas the partner gene was a non-IG gene in 26 cases (MYC-non-IG).
Pathological features of MYC-R DLBCL cases
To search for potential peculiar morphologic and phenotypic features, the 51 MYC-R DLBCL cases were re-reviewed with additional immunostainings for Ki67, MYC, and BCL2 performed on full slides, and the FISH results were as follows: 47 cases were confirmed as DLBCL not otherwise specified (DLBCL NOS) and included 43 centroblastic variants and 4 immunoblastic variants of DLBCL (3 MYC-IG and 1 MYC-non-IG), 2 DLBCL NOS were associated with a minor focal follicular lymphoma component, whereas only 4 cases could retrospectively be considered as having some features of B-cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, or intermediate between DLBCL and BL (BCLu) (Table 2). Among the 51 cases, only a minority showed high numbers of apoptotic bodies (8/49 = 16.3%), or mitosis (13/49 = 26.5%) and a starry sky pattern (7/49 = 14.3%). No significant differences based on these morphologic criteria were observed between SH/DH or IG/non-IG subgroups.
Pathological features of the 51 MYC-R DLBCL cases according to the SH/DH or IG/non-IG status
According to the Hans algorithm, the majority of MYC-R cases were of the GCB subtype (74%). MYC-SH lymphomas included 12 GCB and 7 non-GCB cases. MYC-DH lymphomas included 25 GCB (18 MYC/BCL2, 6 THL, and 1 MYC/BCL6) and 6 non-GCB cases (6 MYC/BCL6). A proliferative index ≥80% evaluated with Ki67 immunostaining was significantly more frequent in MYC-SH compared with MYC-DH tumors (78.9% vs 50.0%; P = .043).
BCL2 protein (50% or 70% threshold) was expressed in 37/50 (74%) of MYC-R evaluable cases. High BCL2 expression (>50% or 70%) was significantly more frequent in MYC-DH compared with MYC-SH DLBCL (83.9% vs 57.9%; P = .042), whereas no significant differences were noted between MYC-IG and MYC-non-IG subgroups (64.3% vs 86.4%; P = .077).
MYC protein expression in virtually all tumor cells (≥90%) was observed in 23/50 (46%) of evaluable cases. No significant difference was observed between the SH and DH subgroups (57.9% vs 38.7%; P = .186), whereas high MYC protein expression was significantly more frequent in the MYC-Ig subgroup compared with MYC-non-IG DLBCL (62.5% vs 32%; P = .032).
Clinical features of MYC-R DLBCL patients
Comparison of the clinical characteristics of MYC-R vs MYC-negative, MYC-SH vs MYC-DH, MYC-IG vs MYC-non-IG DLBCL patients are presented in Table 1. Compared with MYC-negative DLBCL patients, MYC-R patients presented with higher International Prognosis Index (IPI) score (P < .001), aaIPI (P = .015), Ann Arbor stage (P = .005), number of extranodal sites (P = .004), and frequency of bone marrow involvement (P = .011). There were no significant clinical and biological differences between MYC-SH and MYC-DH subgroups of patients. MYC-IG compared with MYC-non-IG patients were significantly older (median age, 69 vs 60.5 years; P = .027) and presented a higher number of extranodal sites involvement (P = .042), whereas conversely, MYC-non-IG patients showed a higher frequency of B symptoms (P = .019).
Patient outcome
By univariate analysis, high IPI and non-GCB subtype were significantly associated with shorter PFS and OS (IPI: PFS and OS, P < .0001) (Cell of origin: PFS, P = .0001; OS, P = .0004). BCL2 and BCL6 gene alterations did not significantly predict survival (PFS and OS) (see supplemental Table 1A, available on the Blood Web site).
MYC-R, MYC-SH, and MYC-DH were associated with shorter OS in the global population (P = .0058; P = .0339; and P = .0457, respectively) (Figure 2; supplemental Table 1A). MYC-R, MYC-SH, and MYC-DH were associated with shorter PFS and OS in GCB DLBCL (PFS: P = .0014, P = .0269, and P = .0078, respectively; OS: P = .0001, P = .0153, and P = .0007, respectively), a finding that did not reach the level of significance in the non-GCB subtype (supplemental Figure 1; supplemental Table 1B). Interestingly, all but one GCB MYC-DH consisted of MYC/BCL2 cases (18 MYC/BCL2, 6 THL, and 1 MYC/BCL6), whereas all non-GCB MYC-DH were MYC/BCL6 cases.
Univariate analysis of MYC-R for OS. (A) The global population, (B) SH, and (C) subgroups of DLBCL patients.
The outcome of DH-BCL2 (including THL) (n = 25) and DH-BCL6 (n = 7) were compared. A trend toward a lower PFS and OS for DH-BCL2 was noted (supplemental Figure 3), which did not reach statistical significance within the limits of the number of cases in each subgroup (PFS: P = .1966; OS: P = .2839).
When considering the MYC translocation partner gene, MYC-IG patients had a significantly shorter PFS (P = .0023) and OS (P = .0002) when compared with MYC-negative DLBCL patients, whereas no significant differences were observed between MYC-non-IG and MYC negative patients on PFS (P = .9661) and OS (P = .6526) (Figure 3; supplemental Table 1A). A similar impact of MYC-IG on OS was observed in the MYC-SH (P = .0175) and MYC-DH (P = .0023) subgroups. MYC-IG translocations had an adverse prognostic effect on PFS (P < .0001) and OS (P < .0001) in GCB DLBCL, which did not reach statistical significance in the non-GCB subtype (supplemental Figure 2; supplemental Table 1B). A similar poor impact of MYC-IG partner gene on OS was observed in GCB SH/DH DLBCL subgroups (supplemental Figure 2; supplemental Table 1B). No interaction was found between MYC-R and treatment regimen (R-CHOP vs R-ACVBP) (data not shown).
Univariate analysis of MYC-IG for OS. (A) The global population, (B) SH, and (C) DH subgroups of DLBCL patients compared with MYC-non-IG and MYC-negative DLBCL patients.
In a multivariate analysis incorporating IPI, Hans score, and MYC-R, MYC-R remained statistically significant on OS (P = .0089) (supplemental Table 2A). In a multivariate analysis incorporating IPI, Hans score, and MYC-SH or MYC-DH status, only MYC-SH remained an independent prognostic factor on PFS (P = .0482) and OS (P = .0139) in addition to IPI and Hans score (supplemental Table 2B). However, when excluding MYC/BCL6 DH cases from the MYC-DH group, MYC/BCL2 DH status (including THL) had an independent poor prognostic impact on both PFS (P = .027) and OS (P = .0055) (supplemental Table 2C).
When considering the MYC translocation partner gene, MYC-IG predicted a poor PFS (P = .0051) and OS (P = .0006) in addition to IPI and the Hans score (supplemental Table 2D). Because the median age of MYC-IG patients was almost a decade older than MYC-non-IG patients, age was evaluated by multivariate analysis and remained an independent prognostic factor (data not shown).
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study addressing the impact of the MYC partner gene in a large series of unselected patients with de novo DLBCL and treated with rituximab-anthracycline–based chemotherapy in the setting of prospective clinical trials. In this series of 574 DLBCL patients, we show that MYC-IG had a significant negative impact on outcome (PFS and OS), whereas no significant difference in PFS and OS was observed between MYC-non-IG and MYC-negative DLBCL. These results may have an important impact on the clinical management of DLBCL patients with MYC-R who should be characterized according to MYC partner gene, because non-IG MYC partner genes appear to have little influence on survival.
The prognostic impact of the MYC partner gene in DLBCL associated with MYC-R is currently a major issue but has remained controversial.37 Indeed, this issue has been discussed in only 3 previous studies that included B-cell lymphoma patients with heterogeneous lymphoma entities, patients at diagnosis and at relapse, and/or patients treated before the era of rituximab resulting in discrepant results. Johnson et al were the first to point out the potential relevance of IG as a MYC partner in a retrospective series of 54 patients with DH MYC/BCL2 BCLs diagnosed between 1991 and 2007, selected on the basis of availability of karyotypic analysis.17 Histologies were variable including only 17 de novo DLBCL patients (n = 17) and the prognosis impact of the MYC partner gene could be evaluated in 40 patients including 11 patients receiving rituximab-based chemotherapy. The study by Pedersen et al was based on a prospective cohort comprising all patients diagnosed with DLBCL or BCLu in a single institution between 2009 and 2011.20 Histopathological subtypes included de novo DLBCL (n = 162), transformed DLBCL (n = 65), and relapse (n = 25). Treatment regimens were variable with 14% of patients not receiving rituximab. MYC translocation was observed in 51 cases but, unexpectedly, showed no correlation with OS, whereas MYC translocation with an IG partner gene was reported to correlate with a worse prognosis. However, in addition to the above limitations, the data presented in this study were also controversial because the authors considered 21 cases with concurrent MYC and IGK or IGL rearrangements detected using break-apart probes as MYC-IG cases, which most likely represents an overstatement since these cases were not investigated for MYC-IGK or MYC-IGL fusions with appropriate probes. Indeed, in our study, among the 4 cases showing concurrent MYC and IGK or IGL light chain rearrangements using break-apart probes, only 1 proved to be a "real" MYC-IG case with the MYC-IGL fusion probe and the remaining cases were assigned to the non-IG subgroup. Finally, Aukema et al focused on 80 MYC-R B-cell lymphomas of various histopathological subtypes and found no significant difference between MYC-SH vs MYC-DH and MYC-IG vs MYC-non-IG lymphoma subgroups regarding the molecular cytogenetic, array-CGH, mutational, gene-expression profiles, and survival.38 Overall, it can be speculated that the discrepancies observed between the above mentioned reports are related to the heterogeneity of the populations studied (which comprised various histopathological subtypes), making the results difficult to compare.
We observed an overall incidence of MYC-R of 8.9%, which is consistent with the literature by using a commercially available probe that covers most breakpoints commonly involved in MYC translocations, and similar to the majority of previous published series.10,17⇓-19,34,39,40 We corroborate previous reports on the adverse prognostic impact of MYC-R in DLBCL, which remained an independent prognostic factor for OS in multivariate analysis incorporating IPI and the Hans score.4⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓-10,14,22 However, we show that this prognostic impact is related to the MYC-Ig partner gene.
In this prospective study of de novo unselected DLBCL, the incidence of MYC-SH was 3.3% (19/574) and MYC-DH was 5.6% (32/574). In univariate analysis, MYC-SH and MYC-DH were associated with poor OS, but in multivariate analysis, only MYC-SH retained a poor prognostic significance on OS. These results might appear in contrast to a previous study by Hummel et al reporting "MYC-simple" aggressive B-cell lymphomas including BLs, as having a favorable outcome.4 However, our series differs from the previous study as we excluded BLs. In addition, "MYC-simple" according to Hummel et al was defined by the presence of MYC-IG fusions, a low chromosomal complexity score using array-based comparative genomic hybridization and absence of BCL2 or BCL6 breaks. The FISH approach adopted in our study explored 3 major oncogenic loci (BCL2, BCL6, and MYC) but did not address the genetic complexity of the tumor, and therefore does not preclude the presence of additional cytogenetic abnormalities.
Concerning MYC-DH, the absence of prognosis significance by multivariate analysis may appear unexpected as the majority of published reports describe DHL as highly aggressive tumors with poor outcome and resistance to conventional chemotherapy.16,17,23⇓⇓⇓⇓-28,41 Although further studies are needed to understand such differences, it is noteworthy that MYC-DH patients in our series probably differ from DHL patients of previous reports because we included only patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL enrolled in controlled clinical trials in contrast to all aforementioned studies, which were a retrospective series of aggressive BCLs. In addition, patients enrolled in clinical trials are usually biased toward more healthy patients. Moreover, most studies did not perform FISH for BCL6 and may have missed MYC/BCL6 DHL and THL. Interestingly, when excluding the MYC/BCL6 tumors from the MYC-DH group in the multivariate analysis, MYC/BCL2 DH status retained its independent poor prognosis significance on both PFS and OS, suggesting that the poor prognosis of DHL is most likely related to MYC/BCL2 DHs. In this respect, when comparing the outcome of MYC/BCL2 and MYC/BCL6 DHL patients, we observed a trend toward a worse PFS and OS for MYC/BCL2 patients, although this remained nonsignificant probably due to the limited number of cases. International efforts with large cohorts of de novo DLBCL patients enrolled in clinical trials would be needed to explore this issue. Altogether, de novo DHL DLBCL probably represents a heterogeneous group of diseases with variable outcomes, including patients with aggressive presentation and a very poor outcome, and a group of DLBCL NOS without major distinct clinical and pathological features.
The pathological review of MYC-R DLBCL showed that most cases were GCB DLBCL (74%) in keeping with previous studies.8,9,16,17 Interestingly, the features usually believed to be associated with aggressiveness as apoptotic bodies, starry sky pattern, and mitosis were not prominent. The proliferative index evaluated with Ki67 immunostaining was variable and found to be ≤80% in 40% of the cases, indicating that immunostaining for Ki67 is not relevant to prescreen for MYC-R DLBCL as already reported.14,42 BCL2 overexpression was significantly more frequent in MYC-DH than MYC-SH patients, which may be explained by the large number of MYC/BCL2 DHL in this series. MYC protein expression in virtually all tumor cells (≥90%) was observed only in 46% of MYC-R cases, suggesting that immunostaining for MYC may not be an efficient surrogate to detect MYC-R DLBCL. Altogether, there were no clear pathological features in routine practice that may indicate that a DLBCL may harbor MYC-R.
The biological basis for the dismal outcome of MYC-IG DLBCL patients needs to be clarified. We show that a high level of MYC protein expression (≥90%) correlated with the MYC-IG subgroup, in agreement with a higher level of MYC transcripts in MYC-IG cases compared with MYC-non-IG cases observed in previous reports.21,38 These findings suggest that a full "MYC-program" may not be reached with a non-IG promoter. However, MYC related oncogenesis is probably not sufficient to explain these differences, and additional genetic and environmental factors probably interact.
In conclusion, our study shows that MYC-Ig rearrangements are negative predictors of survival in DLBCL patients in the setting of prospective controlled clinical trials. Because immunostaining for MYC is not a robust approach to prescreen for DLBCL patients with MYC breaks, we believe that primary DLBCL patients should be investigated for MYC breaks by FISH, at least in the GCB subtype. In addition, MYC-R patients should be screened for the IG MYC partner gene. We also show that MYC-R predicted a worse prognosis with no interaction with treatment arm and chemotherapy regimen suggesting that conventional chemotherapy, such as R-CHOP or intensive R-ACVBP regimens are not the optimal approaches for these patients, and that potential targeted therapy acting on the MYC oncogenesis pathway should be investigated.
Contribution: C.C.-B., G.S., C.H., F.J., K.L., J.-P.J., H.T., T.J.M., and P.G. were responsible for the conception and design of the study; C.C.-B., G.S., C.H., F.J., K.L., J.-P.J., H.T., P.C.-D., M.B., J.B., R.D., D.C., M.P., K.B., B.F., C.R., T.P., N.K., F.P., I.N., R.S., T.J.M., and P.G. performed the data analysis and interpretation; C.C.-B., P.G., F.J., and T.J.M. wrote the manuscript; and all authors provided administrative support, provided study materials or patients, collected and assembled data, and approved the final manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest disclosure: C.C.-B. had an advisory role for Celgene and had travel accommodations provided by Celgene. G.S. received honoraria for advisory boards or meetings from Amgen, Celgene, Gilead, Janssen, Mundipharma, and Roche. K.M. had an advisory role for Celgene and received honoraria from Janssen, Roche, and Celgene; travel accommodations were provided by Amgen, Celgene, and Janssen. C.R. had an advisory role for Celgene and Sunesis; received research funding from Celgene and Chugai; had intellectual property interest with Affichem; and had travel accommodations provided by Amgen and Novartis. C.H. received honoraria from Roche, Amgen, Janssen, and Gilead; and had an advisory role for Janssen, Gilead, Takeda, and Roche. I.N. had travel accommodations provided by Affymetrix. F.J. received honoraria from Celgene, Roche, and Janssen. K.L. received honoraria from Astra-Zeneca and Boehringer Ingelheim. H.T. received honoraria from Celgene, Roche, and Janssen; had an advisory role for Takeda; and received research funding from Celgene. T.J.M. received travel accommodations from Amgen, Mundipharma, and Gilead; and had an advisory role for Merck. P.G. had an advisory role for Takeda and had travel accommodations provided by Zenyaku Kogyo. The remaining authors declare no competing financial interests.
Correspondence: Christiane Copie-Bergman, Département de Pathologie Hôpital Henri Mondor, 51 avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94010 Créteil, France; e-mail: christiane.copie{at}hmn.aphp.fr.
The authors thank the entire staff of the Lymphoma Study Academic Research Organization (LYSA) for managing the study, coordinating the clinical trials, and especially the LYSA platform for their expert assistance with histologic techniques and statistical analyses, and reporting. The authors also thank Laurence de Leval and Catherine Thieblemont for their critical review of the manuscript.
This study was supported in part by research funding from: Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AOM 03060), the Association pour la Recherche Thérapeutique, Génétique et Immunologique dans les Lymphomes, INSERM U955 eq9, and an Institut National du Cancer grant through the Institut National du Cancer/Directorate-General for Healthcare (DGOS) Genetic HEterogeneity of DIffuse large B-cell lymphoma (GHEDI) Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte (GELA) project. R.S. is supported for research on MYC-positive lymphomas through the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung via the Molecular Mechanisms in Malignant Lymphomas Driven by MYC (MMML-MYC-SYS) project (0316166B).
↵* T.J.M. and P.G. contributed equally to this study.
Presented in part as an oral presentation at the 54th annual meeting of the American Society of Hematology, Atlanta, GA, December 8-11, 2012.
Presented as a poster at the 12th International Conference on Malignant Lymphoma, Lugano, Switzerland, June 19-22, 2013.
The online version of this article contains a data supplement.
The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. Therefore, and solely to indicate this fact, this article is hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 USC section 1734.
Submitted May 23, 2015.
Accepted September 2, 2015.
© 2015 by The American Society of Hematology
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Pages: 2466-2474
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2015-05-647602
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Christiane Copie-Bergman, Peggy Cuillière-Dartigues, Maryse Baia, Josette Briere, Richard Delarue, Danielle Canioni, Gilles Salles, Marie Parrens, Karim Belhadj, Bettina Fabiani, Christian Recher, Tony Petrella, Nicolas Ketterer, Frederic Peyrade, Corinne Haioun, Inga Nagel, Reiner Siebert, Fabrice Jardin, Karen Leroy, Jean-Philippe Jais, Herve Tilly, Thierry Jo Molina, Philippe Gaulard
Blood Nov 2015, 126 (22) 2466-2474; DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-05-647602
Copie-Bergman, C., Cuillière-Dartigues, P., Baia, M., Briere, J., Delarue, R., Canioni, D., Salles, G., Parrens, M., Belhadj, K., Fabiani, B., Recher, C., Petrella, T., Ketterer, N., Peyrade, F., Haioun, C., Nagel, I., Siebert, R., Jardin, F., Leroy, K., Jais, J., Tilly, H., Molina, T. J., & Gaulard, P. (2015). MYC-IG rearrangements are negative predictors of survival in DLBCL patients treated with immunochemotherapy: a GELA/LYSA study. Blood, 126(22), 2466-2474. Accessed July 18, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2015-05-647602.
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Christine L. Borgman, Distinguished Research Professor and Director of the Center for Knowledge Infrastructures at UCLA, is the author of more than 250 publications in information studies, computer science, and communication.
These include three books from MIT Press: Big Data, Little Data, No Data: Scholarship in the Networked World, winner of the 2015 American Publishers Award for Professional and Scholarly Excellence (PROSE Award) in Computing and Information Sciences; Scholarship in the Digital Age: Information, Infrastructure, and the Internet (2007); and From Gutenberg to the Global Information Infrastructure: Access to Information in a Networked World (2000). The latter two books won the Best Information Science Book of the Year award from the Association for Information Science and Technology (ASIST).
Professor Borgman is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and of the Association for Computing Machinery. Her current research addresses scientific data practices and policy, including open science, open data, and open access; data sharing and reuse; and sustainability of knowledge infrastructures.
Her activities in information policy include service on the Advisory Board of the Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC); the University of California Privacy and Information Security Initiative; UC Academic Computing and Communications Committee (Vice Chair / Chair); UC Cyber Risk Governance Committee; UCLA Board on Privacy and Data Protection; and UCLA Data Governance Task Force (Co-Chair).
Prof. Borgman earned a PhD in Communication from Stanford University, an MLS in information science from the University of Pittsburgh, and a B.A. in mathematics from Michigan State University. She also holds the title of University of California Presidential Chair in Information Studies, Emerita.


text:
Endeavor Energy Eyes Potential $10 Billion-Plus Sale
in Closing Bell Story / E&P by— Bevo Beaven, Editor
October 24, 2018	Share Print
Permian explorer Endeavor Energy eyes potential $10 billion-plus sale
From Reuters
Endeavor Energy Resources LP is exploring a sale that could value the Texas-based privately held oil producer at more than $10 billion, a source familiar with the matter said on Tuesday.
The firm, which holds more than 300,000 net acres in the highly sought-after Permian Basin, has selected JP Morgan Chase & Co (JPM.N) and Goldman Sachs Group Inc (GS.N) to arrange the potential sale, the source said, speaking on condition of anonymity as the information is not public.
The source added the sale process was at an early stage.
Endeavor declined to comment, as did representatives for both JP Morgan and Goldman Sachs.
Endeavor's sale plan was first reported on Tuesday by the Wall Street Journal, citing people familiar with the matter.
Should a sale happen, it would be the latest transaction involving a Permian Basin-focused oil explorer after deals in 2018 for RSP Permian and Energen Corp (EGN.N) – bought by Concho Resources Inc (CXO.N) for $8 billion and Diamondback Energy Inc (FANG.O) for $9.2 billion respectively.
The area, which covers West Texas and the eastern part of New Mexico, has become the leading shale play in the United States when the country is pumping more crude than at any time since the 1970s, because of the low cost of production.
Endeavor, which is primarily focused on the Midland Basin portion of the Permian, said in August its second-quarter production was up 64 percent over a year ago to 64,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day. It also said it was operating 10 horizontal rigs and four fracking fleets in the quarter to complete wells.
During that quarter, Endeavor contracted with a pipeline operator to move 30,000 barrels per day of oil to the Corpus Christi, Texas, oil export hub beginning in the fourth quarter of 2019.
The company has had drilling partnerships with an Ares Management LP subsidiary and with Exxon Mobil Corp's XTO Energy subsidiary.