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< Case studies
Healthy Start Discovery
How we introduced a team to user centred design and agile ways of working, whilst helping them set the direction for a new digitally enabled service that would work for even the most vulnerable families.
Healthy Start is a scheme funded by the Department of Health that provides financial support to pregnant women and families with young children by sending them paper vouchers which can be exchanged for healthy foods in shops.
The Healthy Start team believed that the scheme could be improved, and efficiency savings made, by making better use of digital technology.
But what would a digital service look like? And how could they be sure that families most in need of support would benefit from switch to digital and not be left behind?
The DH team commissioned us to run a Discovery phase to answer these questions and make the case for proceeding to Alpha.
We ran the Discovery over a six week period in the late summer of 2016.
Members of the DH team were located in London, Bristol and Leeds, so we began by creating a shared Google Drive and setting up Slack and Trello as means of ad hoc communication.
After a brisk pedal through Hyde Park we arrived for the inception workshop.
Then we brought the team together in London for an Inception Workshop to clarify goals, share what we knew already and agree roles and ways of working.
We agreed to work as one team and created a shared backlog of tasks which we prioritised in sprints.
Gathering Insight
Next we began researching. On one track we focused on user research. We recruited and spoke to end users across a range of sub-groups (including those low on the digital inclusion scale and/or with English as an additional language). We also spoke to health professionals such as the midwives and health visitors who talk to families about the scheme.
Meanwhile on the second track we did 'desk research'. This involved reviewing analytics and the substantial body of existing research into the scheme and its impact. We spoke to subject matter experts like Dan Sheldon the Head of Strategy for DH about shared government platforms, and Serco call centre staff about the queries they received. And we looked at examples of how other government and charity services were handling similar problems like eligibility checking, fraud protection and digital vouchering.
Assembling the picture
We captured insights on our shared Trello board as we went along, and played back highlights at our fortnightly Show & Tells.
Experience map showing the journey parents take to apply for, and receive, Healthy Start vouchers. For privacy reasons we cannot enlarge the image.
Then at the end of the research phase we built an Experience Map, showing what happens at each step in the existing user journey, highlighting pain-points and opportunities to better meet user needs.
Mapping out a new service
Having created a shared understanding of user needs and the opportunities to improve the existing journey, and having understood what's feasible within technical and policy constraints, we began to explore new solutions.
We gathered the team to work through potential solutions in a workshop, then we helped our Product Owner to create a digital version of our new User Story Map which details what we believe users need at each step in a new (to be) journey.
Each card on the map represents a user story and potentially a suggested solution. Sketches and other attachments can be added to each card as it is worked on and eventually the data can be exported to a task tracker such as Jira.
The User Story Map shows user stories at each step in the new envisaged journey from Apply to Use to Leave, giving the team a sense of scope. We mapped it out in a workshop (left) then created a more detailed digital version (right).
Planning for the Alpha Phase
Having outlined a potential solution, we then ran a workshop to identify and prioritise assumptions that would need to be tested during the Alpha. These ranged from assumptions about our ability to tweak policy, to those about our ability to technically integrate with HMRC, to those about the usability of a using a plastic card linked to an online account instead of paper vouchers.
Then we devised ways to test our most risky assumptions during the Alpha phase - for example through further technical discussions with HMRC or by prototyping and testing the card activation process or checkout interaction.
Handing over
Finally we worked with the product owner to create a Discovery Pack which included all the documents we had created along the way and a summary report. We also gave a summary presentation to key stakeholders, giving them a chance to ask questions.
At the end of the discovery phase, the team had developed:
A deep understanding of user needs and a sense of empathy with the people they serve
An understanding of the shape and scope of a new service that would work for everyone
A list of hypotheses to test at the Alpha stage and an understanding of the team required.
The initiative was approved to continue into the Alpha Phase and after an open tender involving some major public service IT providers, we were commissioned to lead that. More on that shortly!
"The project has been delivered to a very high standard, and we've all very much enjoyed working with Alastair and Darwin over the last six weeks.
The tangible deliverables will of course be very valuable to us as we move forwards, but we've also received a great deal of additional benefit in terms of skills and knowledge transfer for which we're very grateful."
— John Cockburn, Programme Manager, Department of Health
We used customer insight to develop a content strategy for a new website that's delivered a 38% increase in conversation rate.
We helped this team at Ovo find and prioritise opportunities to solve problems for users and prototype solutions in just two weeks.
Pilot works, 8 Upper Belgrave Road, Bristol, England, BS8 2XH, United Kingdom+44 7899 956 395hello@pilot.works
All rights reserved - Pilot Works Ltd, 2017


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How to immigrate to Canada from India?
Get Inspired What's Hot
June 4, 2021 June 4, 2021 6 min read Saurabh Rathore
After the Covid crisis hit India, a lot of Indians are contemplating moving to other countries like Canada, Australia, Qatar, New Zealand. Any person would want to live in a place where there is a better and economical healthcare system and a better quality of life for you and your kids. There might be other reasons to shift your base too- for instance, better education, safety, or business opportunities.
For long, Canada has been one of the prime locations for Indians to consider moving abroad. In fact, since 2016, the number of Indians moving to Canada has more than doubled. Canada sees a number of immigration requests from citizens of south Asian countries like India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Srilanka, and even African and European countries. Let's take you through the process of moving to Canada.
There are different options via which you can apply for Canada immigration. These options are-
Federal Skilled Program
Provincial Nominee Program
Quebec Skilled Worker
Business Immigration, including the Start-Up Visa Program
Temporary Residence First, Then Transition To Permanent
Basic requirements to apply to Canada are
ECA (Educational Credentials Assessment) by sending transcripts to WES(World Education Services) or other evaluators like IERF, AES, or CES
Sufficient proof of funds (Rs. 8-10 lakh and above)
IELTS test score (Ideal score is 8,7,7,7 in Listening, Reading, Writing, Speaking respectively)
Funds for applying to WES
Funds for appearing in IELTS
Other documentation charges
Medical and Police Verification
Steps to follow for your immigration
Canada follows a point-based system. One needs to score 67 points based on age, education, work experience, language skills, etc. First, you need to check your points using this Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS)
You need to create a WES profile and submit your credentials, pay their fee and send education transcripts (which is done by your university)
Apply online through an electronic portal called Express Entry, get selected based on your ranking
Make the final application along with requisite documents and applicable fees.
How many points are required to calculate residency requirement?
You must score 67 points out of 100 to meet Canada residency requirements. If you are accompanied by your spouse, his/her points will also be taken into consideration for PR application.
Canada operates its federal class immigration system using Express Entry. Express Entry requires candidates to submit a profile, with the highest scoring profiles issued an Invitation to Apply to one of the above immigration programs. Under Express Entry, candidates score Comprehensive Ranking System points for core factors such as age, education, work experience and language ability.
You can also consider provincial stream to apply for immigration. There are different provinces in Canada that run their own immigration program based on specific demand of labour in their territory. These provinces are Ontario, Quebec, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Saskatchewan, Prince Edward Island, Yukon.
There are two processes to apply under PNP- Paper based and Online. In paper-based process, you need to apply to a province under non-express entry program after meeting the eligibility criteria. Once you have been nominated, you submit a paper application for permanent residence. Application processing time are longer than through Express Entry.
In the online process, you create an Express Entry profile and show the province you're interested in. If the province sends 'Notification of Interest' and you contact the province for further process. Alternatively, you can contact the province first, and if the province agrees to nominate you then you can create the Express Entry profile and show you have been nominated.
Quebec Skilled Worker (QSW)
The province of Quebec runs its own skilled worker immigration program. The Quebec Skilled Worker Program (QSW) is an immigration program for candidates who have skilled work experience and will be able to make lasting contributions to Quebec's economy as members of the workforce. Similar to Express Entry, candidates are ranked using a points system and then certain candidates are invited to apply.
Business immigrants are people who can invest in, or start businesses in Canada and are expected to support the development of a strong and prosperous Canadian economy. There are two categories of Business Immigration- Start-up Visa Program and Self employed
The Start-up Visa Program targets innovative entrepreneurs and links them with private sector investors in Canada who will help establish their start-up business. You can either be an Angel Investor(must invest $75,000 in the business), Venture Capitalist(must invest $200,000 in the business) or Business Incubator.
Under the Self-employed program, the candidate must make a significant contribution to cultural or athletic life in Canada; or you must intend to and be able to buy and manage a farm in Canada.
People with Temporary Resident Permits who are looking to move to Permanent Resident Status can do that too. They will need to do it using the Canadian Experience Class where they need to have either two years of work in Canada or completed one year of post-secondary studies as well as one year of work. This is a popular option for those temporary workers who do not meet the points required by the federal skilled worker program.
To immigration to Canada, family sponsorship is one of the fastest and most popular ways to gain permanent residence in Canada and is expected to boom again as international travel restrictions ease up this year.
Your relatives can live, study and work in Canada if they become permanent residents of Canada. You can sponsor certain relatives to come to Canada if you're at least 18 years old and a:
Canadian citizen or
person registered in Canada as an Indian under the Canadian Indian Act or
permanent resident of Canada
Top reasons to move to Canada
Medical treatment is mostly free and funded by government taxes.
Kids have access to free public education from the time they are five to around the age of 19
Work life balance is better as Canadians generally work only 40 hours a week.
There is paid maternity leave of 15-17 weeks. The extended parental benefits are paid for as long as 61 weeks.
You also get an Unemployment Benefit up to 45 weeks when you lose your job and if you're eligible for it
Canada is safer for immigrants and more tolerant towards them than any other developed country.
It has huge business opportunities for investors and entrepreneurs
You can get more information about moving to Canada here- https://bit.ly/2S5zx9n
ALSO READ: What factors influence our career choices?
canada immigration, canada immigration from india, move to canada from india, points required to move to canada, requirements to move to canada, top reasons to move to canada, What's Hot
Celebrate Pride Month with these seven LGBTQ+ Books | June 2021
Watch: Licious new campaign featuring Anil Kapoor and Arjun Kapoor

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Bleach Blonde Post Acoustic Version of "Sea Mint Pastel"
February 6, 2013 Nick
Self Titled EP Out Now on Rise Records
LP Expected Later This Year
Denver, CO alt-rockers Bleach Blonde have posted an acoustic version of their song "Sea Mint Pastel" at: http://www.youtube.com/bleachblondetv.
Recently signed to Rise Records, the band released their self-titled EP last month.
A full-length is expected later this year.
To purchase the EP digitally, visit:
iTunes – https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/bleach-blonde-single/id592917199
Amazon – http://www.amazon.com/Bleach-Blonde/dp/B00AZSM3WA/ref=sr_1_1?s=music&ie=UTF8&qid=1358866926&sr=1-1&keywords=bleach+blonde
Timing is everything and Bleach Blonde is fast on the path to success. After officially founding the band less than six months ago (in August of 2012 to be exact), the group, featuring Danny Stillman and Danny Cooper of Drop Dead Gorgeous, came together when frontman Stillman (aka "Stills") began writing via email with guitarist David Barella and Cooper, who lived in LA at the time. A month later, the trio joined forces with guitarist Michael Payne and bass player Coty Eikenberg. The five members officially formed Bleach Blonde, a name reminiscent of shared memories in Venice Beach and an homage to Nirvana.
Stills says the group has found inspiration for their "mainstream sound with an underground twist. We aim to think outside of the box and strive for a sound that we can call our own."
Bleach Blonde plans to record their debut full length (due out next summer) with Kris Crummett (Drop Dead Gorgeous, Dance Gavin Dance) and "take over the world," jokes Stills.
The band is also now being represented by The Working Group Artist Management (Never Shout Never, The Ready Set).
Cover art:
Bleach Blonde EP Track List:
1. Sea Mint Pastel
2. Play Catch Up
3. This Is Instrumental
Bleach Blonde is:
Danny Stillman-Vocals
Danny Cooper-Drums
Michael Payne-Guitar
David Barella-Guitar/Vocals
Coty Eikenberg-Bass
www.facebook.com/thebleachblonde
www.riserecords.com
News Bleach Blonde, Rise Records, Sea Mint Pastel permalink
LEGION ISSUE STUDIO UPDATE
Cyclopean EP out 2/12


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How Far Is Too Far?
By dc_stacey
March 5th, 2006 @ 10:17 PM Uncategorized
I met someone this weekend that said "oh, I live around here," when I asked where they lived (we were near where I live, about a mile and a half outside the city to the west). I inquired as to the specifics and he responded, "well, Purcellville." PURCELLVILLE?!? For real? Isn't that almost West Virginia? Well, Mapquest says it's over 43 miles from where I live, which is even outside the city.
I'm all for the suburbs – that's not a secret. I even have fits of wanting to move out to Reston, Herndon, and the like. But it got me wondering: how far is too far? Let's even take the issue of the commute out of the picture, but how far is too far to honestly say "oh, I live in DC," when you are, for example, across the country and want to give the general area in which you live. I have a co-worker that drives in to the city from Fredericksburg, VA every day. He leaves before dawn (the last I heard, typically by 5 or 5:30 am) and it only takes an hour with little or no traffic. Is Fredericksburg "the DC area?"
How far is too far in our ever-growing metropolitan area to truly be DC?
tj (unregistered) on March 6th, 2006 @ 5:39 am
heh, i only live in fairfax and don't even say i live in DC … i usually say "i live in northern virginia, outside DC". i guess it's a person's perception of where they WANT to live.
Tom Bridge (unregistered) on March 6th, 2006 @ 7:26 am
I'll admit to claiming to DC status even though I live in south arlington, some four miles from the border. I figure, if the suburb, city, or county you're in is literally touching the District you can claim DC Area. If you're the next ring out, it's Greater DC, other than that it's Maryland or Virginia.
But I'm willing to bet there's a lot of variance on this issue.
wayan (unregistered) on March 6th, 2006 @ 9:01 am
Today's Geography Lesson:
If your permanent residence is inside the boundaries of the District of Columbia, you are from "DC".
If you're inside the Beltway, you are from "the DC Area".
If you are outside the Beltway, stop fronting – you're from whatever in the hell is out there.
rosemary (unregistered) on March 6th, 2006 @ 9:51 am
i live about 30 min north of dc (ashton, md) and since no one seems to know where the hell that is in relation to anything, i call it "near dc-ish". or maryland. that always seems to piss people off for some odd reason.
jen m. (unregistered) on March 6th, 2006 @ 3:06 pm
it totally depends on the context: who's asking, why, etc… when asked where i'm from, in various circumstances i've given every conceivable answer from "DC" to "right outside DC" to "the DC area" to "maryland" to plain old "takoma park."
but unless you have a reason you need to know whether someone lives within the legal geographical boundaries of DC (e.g., if you are the registar of voters), i think it's dumb to care whether someone who lives outside DC proper says "i'm from DC."
for one thing, "DC" is more than just a geographic location defined by lines on a map, it's a community (actually a whole host of communities) that many of us are a part of even if we do live a few miles outside the city line (or 0.4 miles, in my case).
for another, if one's sense of identity is so fragile that it depends on excluding others who wish to identify themselves similarly, that's pretty shallow. as stacey notes, it might be silly for someone to say "i live around here" if he is from west virginia, but if anyone is "fronting" it's the person being pedantic about who is a part of our community.
close enough for government work, is what i always say.
Don (unregistered) on March 7th, 2006 @ 12:11 am
When I tell people "around here" or "the DC area" rather than "Sterling" it's because I either don't think they're going to know where the hell I mean or I don't want to get into an extended discussion about how god-awful far people feel like I am from Civilization. Maybe that dude didn't want to have his umpteenth conversation of the day about how far he commutes….
Xian (unregistered) on March 7th, 2006 @ 11:38 am
My parents live in F'burg, and dad slugs to DC every morning. He says he lives in F'burg. I have friends living in Sterling who say they live in Sterling. Basicaly, unless your address says 'Washington, DC', you don't live in DC. Pretty simple.
For what it's worth, I live in Virginia Beach.


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RNR #274: The Unchaperoned Edition! 0
It's a hostile takeover! Bill Lack and Jason Linden eliminated Chad from the equation and took the reins for an Unchaperoned Edition of the World's Most Dangerous Podcast. The guys discussed Cincinnati's recent winning streak and Cincinnati's recent losing streak and tackled a bunch of Listener Mail, as they called it. (If Chad isn't back on the mic next week, someone please call 911.)
RNR #273: Reds are on a roll; will they be buyers at the trade deadline? 0
Chad Dotson and Doug Gray react to the recent news that the Reds are looking for a bat at the trade deadline. Also: Pujols or Votto, Doug's updated Top 25 prospect list, and much, much more.
RNR #272: We're Number Four! 0
Chad Dotson and Bill Lack got together to discuss the current state of the Reds: fourth place! We talked about recent results, and whether the Reds will ever start looking like the team we expected on a consistent basis. Plus, an exceptionally rousing edition of Viewer Mail.
RNR #271: Treading Water 0
Chad Dotson and Jason Linden tried to work up some enthusiasm over the current version of the Reds, who seem to insist on treading water for the moment. We discussed when and whether the Reds were actually going to hit a hot streak, and what that streak might look like. The conversation then moved on to many other topics, including Joey Votto's recent resurgence, who are the top candidates to represent the Reds in the All-Star Game, and why Bruce Springsteen is the most overrated musician of all time.
RNR #270: MLB Draft (day one) Special Edition -- Reds draft Nick Lodolo and Rece Hinds 0
It's a surprise edition of the podcast! Doug Gray joined Chad Dotson to analyze Cincinnati's first two picks in the 2019 draft, pitcher Nick Lodolo and SS Rece Hinds. Immediately after the Reds' second round selection on the first day of the draft, we talked about how excited Reds fans should be about Lodolo, his makeup, and how quickly he can make it to the big leagues. Also, Hinds has one big-time skill, and we discussed whether that's a big enough draw to pick a high school shortstop so early in the draft.


I submitted a request for help on February 18th, and I sent a few followed up emails to the Schoology customer service department. However, nobody from their team has emailed me back. I am very disappointed on how Schoology has been handling customer support, and I really hope they can fix this soon.
Since I could not get help from Schoology customer service, I am reaching out to the Schoology community. I have a student that left my school district, so I would like to delete his account to free this spot, so I can give it to a new student that recently joined my class.
Could someone please explain me how to delete a student's account, and how to add a new student to one of my courses?
I thank you in advance for taking the time to help me with this.
Thank you for reaching out in the Schoology Community! I'm sorry for the delay in response to your inquiry.
As an Enterprise instructor, you can manage the enrollments for your courses from the Members page of each course. Learn more: Add Members to Course.
What about those who aren't enterprise?
How would we delete a students account?
A Basic student would have to delete their own account. Please see this article for instructions and details: How do I delete my account?


It's that time again when we celebrate our most awaited event to celebrate the effort of our teams and players. The 2019 Crown and Shield Gala and Player of the Year will be held Saturday, February 23, 2019 at the DoubleTree Hotel located at 2500 W Cypress St, Tampa, FL 33607 from 6:00 pm-11:00 pm for boys and girls in age groups U9-U12. Get ready to enjoy dinner, the awards and great music for all the Ranger families!
Our Galas reach over 1,000 attendants and are filled with fun, enthusiasm and encouragement to all our athletes. We also have multiple sponsorships available in our ticket section and donations are welcome to our non-profit organization.


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Wilfred Kirochi (Kenia, 12 de diciembre de 1969) fue un atleta keniano, especializado en la prueba de 1500 m en la que llegó a ser subcampeón mundial en 1991.

Carrera deportiva
En el Mundial de Tokio 1991 ganó la medalla de plata en los 1500 metros, con un tiempo de 3:34.84 segundos, llegando a meta tras el argelino Noureddine Morceli y por delante del alemán Hauke Fuhlbrügge.

Referencias

Atletas de Kenia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Q: python, better syntax with multiprocesses I have the following method:
def GetMarketData(fr, cr, dct1, dct2, dict3, dct5, dct5):
    md = MarketData()

    q1 = Queue()
    q2 = Queue()
    q3 = Queue()
    q4 = Queue()
    q5 = Queue()
    q6 = Queue()
    q7 = Queue()
    p1 = Process(target=md.GetMD1, args=(q1,))
    p2 = Process(target=md.GetMD2, args=(q2,))
    p3 = Process(target=md.GetMD3, args=(q3,))
    p4 = Process(target=md.GetMD4, args=(q4,))
    p5 = Process(target=md.GetMD5, args=(q5,))
    p6 = Process(target=md.GetMD6, args=(q6,))
    p7 = Process(target=md.GetMD7, args=(q7,))
    p1.start()
    p2.start()
    p3.start()
    p4.start()
    p5.start()
    p6.start()
    p7.start()
    fr.append(q1.get())
    dct1.update(q2.get())
    dct2.update(q3.get())
    dct3.update(q4.get())
    cr.append(q5.get())
    dct4.update(q6.get())
    dct5.update(q7.get())
    p1.join()
    p2.join()
    p3.join()
    p4.join()
    p5.join()
    p6.join()
    p7.join()

    #print "good"

Is there a good way to rewrite this in a few line as possible. If I would need to open the same process over each queue that would not be a problem, but I need to run several different programs in parallel and do not see how to rewrite this in a fewer lines...
Thanks !!!

A: As a first simplification, I'd use lists:
def GetMarketData(fr, cr, dct1, dct2, dict3, dct5, dct5):
    md = MarketData()

    ques = [Queue() for _ in range(7)]
    procs = [Process(target=getattr(md,'GetMD%d'%(i),args=(q,))
             for i,q in enumerate(ques,1)]
    for p in procs:
        p.start()

    fr.append(ques[0].get())
    dct1.update(ques[1].get())
    dct2.update(ques[2].get())
    dct3.update(ques[3].get())
    cr.append(ques[4].get())
    dct4.update(ques[5].get())
    dct5.update(ques[6].get())

    for p in procs:
        p.join()

A: Instead of:
q1 = Queue()
q2 = Queue()
q3 = Queue()
q4 = Queue()
q5 = Queue()
q6 = Queue()
q7 = Queue()

You can instead write:
queues = [Queue() for i in xrange(7)]

Now your queues are queues[0] through queues[6]. You can do the same thing with your processes:
processes = [Process(target=getattr("md.GetMD%d" % (i+1)), args=(queues[i],))
             for i in xrange(7)]

And then start them using a loop:
for process in processes:
    process.start()

Similarly for joining later:
for process in processes:
    process.join()

That leaves this section:
fr.append(q1.get())
dct1.update(q2.get())
dct2.update(q3.get())
dct3.update(q4.get())
cr.append(q5.get())
dct4.update(q6.get())
dct5.update(q7.get())

Which could be loopified in a similar manner just by accepting any number of arguments in your function rather than named arguments; then we can loop over the arguments:
for queue, result_dict in zip(queues, result_dicts):
    result_dict.update(queue.get())

Then we can also just make it so we pass in any number of dictionaries, so rather than using the magic number of 7 we just create as many queues and processes as arguments. The function doesn't need to know that some dictionaries are different from others because in fact they are all processed identically anyway.
Putting it together, we get:
def GetMarketData(*result_dicts):

    queues = [Queue() for item in result_dicts]

    processes = [Process(target=getattr("md.GetMD%d" % (i+1)), args=(queues[i],))
                 for i in xrange(len(result_dicts))]

    for process in processes:
        process.start()

    for queue, result_dict in zip(queues, result_dicts):
        result_dict.update(queue.get())

    for process in processes:
        process.join()

(Unrelated note: I've not done much with multiprocessing, but wouldn't you want to join the processes before reading from the queues, to make sure the results in the queues are complete?)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Listing Courtesy of THE EXCELLECORE GROUP, INC.
Looking for a new home in East Suwanee Heights? It is a great time to buy real estate in East Suwanee Heights and our site is a great place to begin your search. You can check out East Suwanee Heights schools, market statistics, the latest listings and more. Whether you are a first-time home buyer or you are already familiar with the home buying process, you can be assured that you have the best tools and the perfect agent available to help with your East Suwanee Heights home search.
There are currently 6 Homes for sale in East Suwanee Heights. The average price for East Suwanee Heights properties is $316,583which is 21% lower than all Homes within a 20 mile radius. The highest priced property in East Suwanee Heights is $499,900 while the lowest priced Home is listed at $169,900. Most of the properties available in East Suwanee Heights are Homes while there are other property types as well. Compared to last month, the average price of real estate in the area has gone up 100%.


text:
Printed from https://fyi.org.nz/request/14670-number-of-foreign-citizens-that-entered-nz-on-a-6-month-visitor-visa-in-the-last-6-months on February 09, 2023 21:48
Number of foreign citizens that entered NZ on a 6 month visitor visa, in the last 6 months?
Mr M P Ross made this Official Information request to Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment
From: Mr M P Ross
Dear Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment,
Recently it was reported that Green Party MP Ricardo Menendez March's partner has come to New Zealand to visit, on a 6 month visitor visa, during a worldwide pandemic.
https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/green-part...
Under the Official Information Act 1982, I ask the following;
1) How many foreign citizens in the last 6 months have been granted a 6 month visitor visa and have now entered New Zealand as of 13/02/2021?
2) How many foreign citizens on a 6 month visitor visa issued before the 8th August 2020 are still in the country as of 13/02/2021?
3) How many foreign citizens on a 6 month visitor visa issued between 08/08/20 and 13/02/21 have now left New Zealand?
Mr M P Ross
From: Ministerial Services
Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment
Ref: 2021-1508
Dear M P Ross,
On behalf of the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment I
acknowledge your email of 13^th February 2021 requesting under the
Official Information Act 1982 (the Act), the following:
1) How many foreign citizens in the last 6 months have been granted a 6
month visitor visa and have now entered New Zealand as of 13/02/2021?
2) How many foreign citizens on a 6 month visitor visa issued before the
8th August 2020 are still in the country as of 13/02/2021?
3) How many foreign citizens on a 6 month visitor visa issued between
08/08/20 and 13/02/21 have now left New Zealand?
Your request is being processed in accordance with the Act and a response
will be sent to you in due course.
Please note, due to ongoing COVID-19 response work, requests are currently
being triaged and those relating to Covid-19 processed as a priority.
Remaining requests are being assessed as per the Ombudsman's guidance
(which can be found here:
[1]www.ombudsman.parliament.nz/news/chief-ombudsmans-statement-official-information-response-times-during-covid-19-emergency)
and processed accordingly.
If you have any enquiries regarding your request, or its urgency, feel
free to contact us via email at [2][MBIE request email].
Nâku noa, nâ
Corporate, Governance and Information
Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment
Level 4, 15 Stout Street, PO Box 1473, Wellington 6140
NZBN 9429000106078
[3]www.govt.nz - your guide to finding and using New Zealand government
1. http://www.ombudsman.parliament.nz/news/...
2. mailto:[MBIE request email]
3. http://www.govt.nz/
From: Anna McLachlan
Dear Mr M P Ross
Thank you for your request for information under the Official Information Act 1982 (OIA).
I am in the process of gathering the data you have requested, but I want to clarify/confirm your request to ensure you will receive the data that will are looking for.
As you will be aware the New Zealand border is currently closed to most people apart from New Zealand citizens and residents, and those who meet certain exceptions. The COVID-19 Border Exceptions process came into effect in March 2020. The Immigration New Zealand (INZ) website sets out the critical purpose reasons to travel here: https://www.immigration.govt.nz/about-us....
Only those individuals who meet the exceptions are invited to apply for visa to travel to New Zealand, under the visa category 'Critical Purpose Visitor Visa'. If an individual already holds a visa, they may be invited to apply for a Critical Purpose Variation of Conditions instead. The Critical Purpose exception categories include:
Critical health worker
Humanitarian reasons
Tongan or Samoan national requiring essential travel to NZ
Partner of a student or work visa holder
Dependent child of a student or work visa holder
Partner of a NZ citizen or resident
Dependent child of a NZ citizen or resident
Legal guardian of a NZ citizen or resident
Australian citizen or permanent resident that normally resides in NZ
Replacement cargo ship crew
Approved class of individual - PhD and designated post-graduate students
Approved class of individual - priority returning degree and post-graduate students
Approved class of individual - Pacific essential traveller
Work visa holder who normally lives and works in NZ - must be on the list of Critical Purpose reasons to travel provided above
Additionally some individuals were in New Zealand on visitor visas before the border restrictions were introduced, and may still be in New Zealand if their visas were extended. From your request it appears you are only interested in those who have entered New Zealand since the border restrictions were introduced.
As such, I have interpreted your request as follows:
1) How many foreign citizens in the last 6 months have been granted a 6 month Critical Purpose visitor visa or 6 month Critical Purpose Variation of Conditions and have now entered New Zealand as of 13/02/2021?
2) How many foreign citizens on a 6 month Critical Purpose visitor visa or 6 month Critical Purpose Variation of Conditions issued before the 8th August 2020 are still in the country as of 13/02/2021?
3) How many foreign citizens on a 6 month Critical Purpose visitor visa or 6 month Critical Purpose Variation of Conditions issued between 08/08/20 and 13/02/21 have now left New Zealand?
If my interpretation is not correct, please be in touch to discuss your request further.
Anna McLachlan (she/her)
Operations Support, Border and Visa Operations Branch
Immigration New Zealand, Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment
[email address]
From: Lautalie Leausa Vaa
2021 1508 OIA extension letter.pdf
Please find attached letter from Immigration New Zealand regarding your
Official Information Act request, reference: DOIA 2021-1508.
Lautalie Leausa Vaa
Operations Support, Border & Visa Operations, Immigration New Zealand
[1][email address] | Telephone: +64 (0)4 896 5342
Level 1, 15 Stout Street, PO Box 1473, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
Dear Lautalie Leausa Vaa,
My apologies, I thought I had sent a response saying the clarification/interpretation of the questions was correct.
2021 1508 DOIA response letter.pdf
Dear M P Ross
Please see attached the response to your recent request for information.
Anna McLachlan ([1]she/her)
[2][email address]
My working hours are Monday, Tuesday, and Friday 8:30am to 3:30pm
Sent: Wednesday, 10 March 2021 9:54 AM
To: [3][FOI #14670 email]
Cc: Anna McLachlan <[4][email address]>
Subject: DOIA 2021-1508 - M P Ross - Due date Extension
[IN-CONFIDENCE:RELEASE EXTERNAL]
1. https://www.publicservice.govt.nz/our-wo...
Mr M P Ross only:
Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment only:
Border Exemption Criteria for Partners of New Zealanders from Non-Visa Waiver Countries
To Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment by Ziyun(Evan) Wang March 30, 2021
Humanitarian reasons for Other Critical Workers to travel to New Zealand.
Humanitarian reasons to enter NZ
To Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment by Wendy Yang February 27, 2021
Immigration New Zealand
To Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment by Ali Khan December 07, 2021
Copies of Data Sharing MOU's
To Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment by Shane Gibson July 03, 2020
Border exceptions for other critical workers
To Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment by Annie Weston October 21, 2020
ADEPT User Guide for Processing Visa Applications
To Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment by Hendrick November 15, 2022
Information Regarding Border Exemptions for Other Critical Workers
To Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment by Ziyun(Evan) Wang January 27, 2021
Border Exemptions - Status of Clients
To Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment by Beth July 12, 2020
Cabinet decision - Three year Refugee Quota Programme 2019/20 to 2021/22
To Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet by Saska Hayes August 17, 2022


text:
Taxi Tangier
Taxi Marrakech
Ourika Valley
Taxi Casablanca
Taxi Fes
19 JunTangier Airport to Chefchaouen
Written by Morad
Categorised Chefchaouen, Tangier
Tangier Airport to Chefchaouen
Getting from Tangier Airport to Chefchaouen takes about 2.5 hours and is popular with visitors who want to avoid the hustle and bustle of Tangier city and head for the magical blue village straight away. Our taxi transfers from Tangier Airport to Chefchaouen are the same price as our transfers from Tangier City to Chefchaouen, so you don't have to worry about additional fees or airport surcharges.
Once you have booked your transfer from Tangier Airport to Chefchaouen through our website, you will receive confirmation by e-mail and the phone number of your driver (in case of emergencies). At this point, we will make a note of your flight number, so that we can make sure that a driver will be waiting for you at the airport, even if your flight is delayed.
Getting from Tangier Airport to Chefchaouen
Upon arrival at Tangier Ibn Battouta Airport, one of our English-speaking drivers will be waiting for you. You will be able to identify him easily because he will be holding a sign with your name. At this point he will take you to your air-conditioned vehicle and your journey from Tangier Airport to Chefchaouen will begin.
After leaving the airport, you will join the peripheral motorway of Tangier, before connecting to the main road between Tangier and Tetouan. As you continue south-east, the scenery will slowly become more mountainous. After about 1 hour of driving time, you will reach the city of Tetouan, at which point you will join the Tetouan – Chefchaouen road. This is a smaller road, but is a significant artery connecting the towns and villages of the Rif Mountains with the extreme north of Morocco. During the winter, the road can be blocked due to flash flooding, although this is a rare occurrence.
Stunning scenery from Tangier Airport to Chefchaouen
This is where the trip gets interesting. Be prepared for breathtaking views as you follow the winding road through the foothills of the Rif Mountain range. This road slaloms the valleys and hillsides, and is an important trade route for Northern Morocco. There are also regular police checks due to the illegal transport of hashish which is grown in the hills near Chefchaouen.
At this point of your transfer from Tangier Airport to Chefchaouen, you will notice that people in Morocco can drive quite erratically. Our drivers appreciate that driving standards in Morocco may not be to the standard of your home country, which is why all of our vehicles are equipped with seat belts. Additionally, our drivers are cautious, and do not speed. We want you to be comfortable in your taxi to Chefchaouen!
Although you can go directly from Tangier Airport to Chefchaouen with our door-to-door transfer service, why not spend a night in Tangier City first? There is a lot to see and do! Our Tangier Airport transfers take about 25 minutes and drop you off at your hotel.
chefchaouen, chefchaouen grand taxi, grand taxi tangier airport, grand taxi tangier to chefchaouen, tangier airport taxi, tangier airport taxi price, tangier airport to chefchaouen, tangier ibn battouta airport to chefchaouen
Get Transfer Prices
Departure Origin Tangier (Incl. Airport) Casablanca (Incl. Airport) Fes (Incl. Airport) Asilah Cabo Negro Ceuta Chefchaouen Ifrane Larache Marrakech Meknes Rabat Tangier-Med Port Tetouan Volubilis
Destination * Destination Tangier (Incl. Airport) Casablanca (Incl. Airport) Fes (Incl. Airport) Asilah Cabo Negro Ceuta Chefchaouen Ifrane Larache Marrakech Meknes Rabat Tangier-Med Port Tetouan Volubilis
Ten things you need to know about the Moroccan Sahara
Merzouga travel guide 2022
5 Best Places to Visit in Morocco
Is Morocco Safe? Updated Travel Guide 2022
Is Tangier Worth Visiting?
© Copyright 2017 TangierTaxi - All Rights Reserved


text:
package org.apache.pig.piggybank.evaluation;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.pig.EvalFunc;
import org.apache.pig.PigWarning;
import org.apache.pig.data.DataType;
import org.apache.pig.data.Tuple;
import org.apache.pig.impl.logicalLayer.schema.Schema;

/**
 * This UDF is used to check whether the String input is a Long.
 * Note this function checks for Long range.
 * If range is not important, use IsNumeric instead if you would like to check if a String is numeric.
 * Also IsNumeric performs slightly better compared to this function.
 */

public class IsLong extends EvalFunc<Boolean> {
    @Override
    public Boolean exec(Tuple input) throws IOException {
        if (input == null || input.size() == 0) return false;
        try {
            String str = (String)input.get(0);
            if (str == null || str.length() == 0) return false;
            Long.parseLong(str);
        } catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
            return false;
        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
            warn("Unable to cast input "+input.get(0)+" of class "+
                    input.get(0).getClass()+" to String", PigWarning.UDF_WARNING_1);
            return false;
        }

        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public Schema outputSchema(Schema input) {
        return new Schema(new Schema.FieldSchema(null, DataType.BOOLEAN));
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Do you have the garden blues? Looking for something unique for your garden? Well, if you are searching for blue-colored flowers for your Texas garden, then you probably are singing "the blues, 'cause there just ain't much too choose from!" There is plumbago, and then there is plumbago, and not really anything else. A few years back, we received Laurentia 'Avante-Garde' to trial at the Dallas Arboretum. The producer claimed that the fern-like mounds of foliage would be liberally dusted with star-shaped flowers all summer long. Any annual with soft feathery foliage that comes in pastel shades of blue, pink or white is usually fodder for the compost pile the first hot day in April. We were so surprised at how well 'Avante-Garde' did for us that we tried our best to kill it again the next year during one of our hottest summers on record. Once again it was a shining star in our trials.
This seed-grown annual will quickly grow from a 4-inch-pot size in early April to an 18-inch-wide mound dusted with 1-inch wide flowers that top out at 12 inches tall. We have found that it really prefers full sun and well-drained soil. If you live on sandy soils, then you have it made, but if you are like the Trial Garden and have sticky clay, I highly recommend searching for some expanded shale to till into your soil. Trust me, once you've amended your garden with that product, you'll be addicted to it!
These plants also don't seem to have any issues with alkaline soils; the foliage is just as green as those grown in acidic gardens. 'Avante-Garde' hasn't shown any pest or disease problems for us during the last three years of trials. Like all fast-growing annual plants, it should be fed regularly with a high-nitrogen fertilizer (organic or not is your choice). Though I list this plant as an annual, if you live in Zone 9 south or have a mild winter, it just may overwinter for you.
The attractive foliage and flowers of this plant make it a natural to showcase in containers or planters, especially since it can tolerate drier, well-drained soils. The blue variety of this plant is a perfect contrast for terracotta pots. I prefer it planted solo in pots to show off the natural ball shape of the plant. In ground plantings, I like to use this in masses, or dotted into perennial borders to fill in holes. In combinations. I like to pair this plant with bolder textured foliage, such as the silvery white leaves of Plectranthus 'Silver Shield' or a bright chartreuse-foliaged coleus. Try the contrasting color of the orange-peach leaves of 'Orange King' coleus. Another favorite is the silvery, strap-like foliage of Elymus glaucus 'Blue Dune' grass. Its growing requirements and color perfectly complement this annual. Whichever plant you pair it with, choose one that wants well-drained soils, as well.
Laurentia 'Avante-Garde' may look soft and frail, but it can stand up to a Texas summer and keep on flowering. This is a plant I know you'll want to bring home with you to soften the heat of your garden. Whether you choose the pink, white or blue (to which I'm most partial), all will thrive equally well for you. This plant should be available in local garden centers in 4-inch or larger containers. If not, you can grow it easily with seed from Thompson-Morgan Seeds (www.thompson-morgan.com).


FEATURE – I have found that I spend as much time in the clinic dispelling incorrect beliefs as I do educating my patients about their specific condition. There are so many myths and legends surrounding health care, and if you try to look for answers on the internet, it is very difficult to know where to look.
The web is absolutely overflowing with untrue, partially true and outdated information. Simply doing a Google search of a medical subject you want to learn about can leave you more confused than when you started.
There are an enormous number of suggestions and remedies on social media or YouTube video blogs that range from the completely unstudied and unproven to the outright absurd or dangerous.
If something seems too good to be true, too easy or just simply too strange, the odds are that it probably isn't true.
These should all give you very similar, up-to-date evidence-based information and are in general very user-friendly. They offer consensus opinions, which help eliminate outliers and extreme positions. You will find, as you study these, that many things publicly perceived as fact are actually much less clear than we thought.
There are brilliant minds in academic medicine that approach every problem from every conceivable angle. I won't say that modern medicine gets it right every time, because they don't. But through the use of the scientific method to validate or refute practices and beliefs, medicine does work to improve and modify all the time.
Knowledge is power. Take the time to research and educate yourself, and take an active role in your health care. You'll be glad you did.
Dr. Sean Lynn practices at St. George Women's Health Center in St. George | Telephone: 435-218-7770.
Dr. Sean F. Lynn is board-certified in obstetrics and gynecology with over 20 years of clinical experience in the field. He has twice been awarded the Golden Starfish Award, an award for which he was nominated by staff and actual patients for goting above-and-beyond in patient care. He has delivered over 7,500 babies in his career and currently focuses his practice at St. George Women's Health Center, 965 E. 700 South, St. George, Utah, on offering surgical and general health care for women.


text:
Uncertainty and variability in human exposure limits: a chemical-specific approach for ciprofloxacin and methotrexate
Rik Oldenkamp*, Mark A.J. Huijbregts, A.M.J. Ragas
Research Line Learning (part of LIRS program)
Academic Field Science
Critical Reviews in Toxicology
Oldenkamp, R., Huijbregts, M. A. J., & Ragas, A. M. J. (2016). Uncertainty and variability in human exposure limits: a chemical-specific approach for ciprofloxacin and methotrexate. Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 46(3), 261-278. https://doi.org/10.3109/10408444.2015.1112768
Oldenkamp, Rik ; Huijbregts, Mark A.J. ; Ragas, A.M.J. . / Uncertainty and variability in human exposure limits : a chemical-specific approach for ciprofloxacin and methotrexate. In: Critical Reviews in Toxicology. 2016 ; Vol. 46, No. 3. pp. 261-278.
@article{21dcaf94480840ad83fda17e21a76484,
title = "Uncertainty and variability in human exposure limits: a chemical-specific approach for ciprofloxacin and methotrexate",
author = "Rik Oldenkamp and Huijbregts, {Mark A.J.} and A.M.J. Ragas",
journal = "Critical Reviews in Toxicology",
Oldenkamp, R, Huijbregts, MAJ & Ragas, AMJ 2016, 'Uncertainty and variability in human exposure limits: a chemical-specific approach for ciprofloxacin and methotrexate', Critical Reviews in Toxicology, vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 261-278. https://doi.org/10.3109/10408444.2015.1112768
Uncertainty and variability in human exposure limits : a chemical-specific approach for ciprofloxacin and methotrexate. / Oldenkamp, Rik; Huijbregts, Mark A.J.; Ragas, A.M.J. .
In: Critical Reviews in Toxicology, Vol. 46, No. 3, 2016, p. 261-278.
T1 - Uncertainty and variability in human exposure limits
T2 - a chemical-specific approach for ciprofloxacin and methotrexate
AU - Oldenkamp, Rik
AU - Huijbregts, Mark A.J.
AU - Ragas, A.M.J.
JO - Critical Reviews in Toxicology
JF - Critical Reviews in Toxicology
Oldenkamp R, Huijbregts MAJ, Ragas AMJ. Uncertainty and variability in human exposure limits: a chemical-specific approach for ciprofloxacin and methotrexate. Critical Reviews in Toxicology. 2016;46(3):261-278. https://doi.org/10.3109/10408444.2015.1112768


text:
Mojżesz Eliasz Halpern, także Moszek Ela Halpern (ur. 1872 w Lublinie, zm. 25 kwietnia 1921 w Łodzi) – rabin łódzki od 1914, działacz i honorowy prezes Agudat Israel, poseł z ramienia tej partii do Sejmu Ustawodawczego. Proponowano mu stanowisko rabina w Londynie, które jednak odrzucił. Pochowany został na Nowym cmentarzu żydowskim w Łodzi.

Zobacz też
 Żydzi w parlamencie II RP

Przypisy

Bibliografia

Ludzie urodzeni w Lublinie
Pochowani na nowym cmentarzu żydowskim w Łodzi
Politycy Agudat Israel
Politycy związani z Łodzią
Posłowie na Sejm Ustawodawczy (1919–1922)
Rabini łódzcy
Urodzeni w 1872
Zmarli w 1921
Żydowscy parlamentarzyści II Rzeczypospolitej


text:
Perinatal outcomes of spontaneous and medically-indicated late preterm infants
Cristina C TRILLA
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (C.T, M.M, J.A), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Department of Pediatrics (G.G, J.B), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Spain
Maria C MEDINA
Gemma GINOVART
Jocelyn BETANCOURT
Josep A ARMENGOL
Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the perinatal results of spontaneous and medically-indicated late-preterm infants.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study including all singleton late-preterm infants born at our University Hospital between January 2009 and December 2010 (n=171). Neonates with congenital infections, major congenital malformations and chromosomal abnormalities were excluded. Late-preterm infants were classified into two groups, spontaneous and medically-indicated, according to delivery indication. Obstetric complications and short-term neonatal outcomes were investigated.
Results: 145 late-preterm infants were eligible for analysis. Obstetric complications were more frequent in medically-indicated late-preterm infants. However, when neonatal results were compared no differences were found between groups. Both spontaneous and medically-indicated late-preterm infants were at risk to develop respiratory morbidity (14.5% vs 24.2%, p=0.195), hyperbilirubinemia (15.7% vs 11.3%, p=0.478), excessive weight loss (2.4% vs 4.8%, p =0.651), infectious complications (1.2% vs 8.1%, p =0.084) and central nervous system morbidity (2.4% vs 0%, p=0.507). Only length of hospital stay was significantly higher among medically-indicated late-preterm infants.
Conclusions: Both spontaneous and medically-indicated late-preterm infants are at risk for perinatal morbidity. Obstetric management of pregnancies at risk for late-preterm prematurity should be clarified, and specific strategies of care for these infants need to be improved.
indicated delivery, late preterm birth, neonatal outcome, obstetric complications, prematurity
Neonates born between 34 0/7 and 36 6/7 weeks' gestation, also referred as late-preterm infants, represent nearly three-quarters of premature infants [1]. Over the past decade several countries have observed a significant increase in late-preterm birth rates, these births accounting for about 8% of all births [2-5]. The majority of late-preterm deliveries are due to spontaneous onset of labour (SoL) or preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM), while only less than one third of these births occur as the result of a medical indication to terminate the pregnancy [6]. It has been argued that the increase in late-preterm births has been mostly due to the increase of medically-indicated births [7].
Late-preterm infants have poorer neonatal results when compared to term neonates. Multiple studies have already stated that late-preterm birth is associated with significantly higher rates of respiratory morbidity, neonatal jaundice, feeding difficulties, and other severe morbidities such as intraventricular haemorrhage or sepsis [8-10]. Long-term neurodevelopmental outcome and mortality rates are also worse in this group of neonates [11,12]. Several obstetric morbidities have also been linked to poorer perinatal results. Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and preeclampsia have been related with both short-term and long-term morbidities [13]. These findings have encouraged the obstetric community to reduce late-preterm prematurity rates, and preventive actions have mainly focused on elective deliveries. However, late-preterm births are not easily avoidable [14].
Late-preterm medically-indicated deliveries are the result of a maternal or obstetric condition that will benefit from ending the pregnancy. Pregnancies with preterm SoL or PPROM are usually actively managed beyond 34 weeks to avoid unnecessary risks from continuing the pregnancy. However, infants born late preterm are usually equally managed, and differences between the neonatal results of spontaneous and medically-indicated late-preterm infants remain unknown. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to compare the perinatal results of late-preterm infants according to cause of prematurity.
We performed a retrospective cohort study of all singleton infants delivered between 34 0/7 and 36 6/7 weeks' gestation at Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau in Barcelona, a tertiary university hospital, between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2010. This study was approved by the ethics committee of the Institutional Review Board at Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau.
Eligible cases were identified from the delivery room logbook, and maternal and neonatal data were reviewed. Well-dated and well-controlled singleton pregnancies with a live fetus at hospital admission were included in the study. Only pregnancies with first-trimester ultrasound assessment of gestational age were considered well-dated. Exclusion criteria were major anatomic malformations, chromosome abnormalities and congenital infections.
Data were extracted from patient's medical records, and information on maternal age and parity was recorded. Presence of obstetric complications was reviewed. Pregnancy-related complications analysed were hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (gestational hypertension and preeclampsia), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, gestational diabetes, and bleeding in the second half of pregnancy (abruptio placentae, placenta previa). Other obstetric complications (e.g. urinary tract infections, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, alterations in the quantity of amniotic fluid, maternal anemia) were considered as "others" for the analysis. We also recorded maternal antenatal care requirements such as admission to the High Risk Obstetric Unit, antenatal corticosteroid and tocolytic treatment. Finally, indication for delivery and mode of delivery were noted.
For comparative purposes late-preterm infants were classified into two groups according to cause of prematurity. We considered the birth was spontaneous when PPROM or SoL occurred between 34 0/7 and 36 6/7 weeks, as in these cases our protocols recommended immediate delivery. Women admitted to hospital for SoL or PPROM in the late preterm period were included in the spontaneous group even if other obstetric complications were present. We considered the birth as medically-indicated when delivery occurred following an obstetric or maternal complication. In cases where PPROM occurred before 34 0/7 week's gestation and no infection criteria were found, conservative management was adopted until 34 weeks. If 34 weeks were reached, labor was induced and prematurity was thus classified as medically-indicated.
We recorded immediate neonatal information on sex, birth weight, APGAR score and umbilical artery pH. Trained neonatologists collected data on neonatal outcome. We analysed respiratory morbidity (defined as the occurrence of respiratory distress, transient tachypnea of the newborn or hyaline membrane disease), need for respiratory support methods (defined as the use of oxygen therapy, nasal continuous positive pressure (nCPAP), nasal intermittent mandatory ventilation (nIMV) or endotracheal intubation), neonatal jaundice and need for phototherapy treatment. Other morbidities such as small-for-gestational age (SGA), central nervous system morbidity (seizure or intraventricular haemorrhage), neonatal infection (defined as clinical signs of infection with positive blood culture) and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were also investigated. Our admission to NICU criteria are: gestational age at delivery less than 35 0/7 weeks, birth weight less than 2000g and occurrence of one or more neonatal complication (respiratory distress symptoms, jaundice, feeding difficulties and infection suspicion or diagnose). We created a composite variable to measure neonatal results. This variable, composite neonatal outcome, was defined as the presence of one or more adverse neonatal outcome. We recorded information on mortality, length of hospital stay and readmissions to hospital within the neonatal period (0-28 days). Neonatal results were also analysed according to gestational age at birth.
By institutional protocol, infants born in the late-preterm period have a different discharge policy from those born at term, and discharge is only considered when weight gain is established. Our institution also benefits from a follow-up program for late-preterm infants after hospital discharge. This program is based on two conditions. First, a specific website designed to evaluate the wellbeing of the infant and to support the parents for a well-adapted breastfeeding [15]. Second, a trained nurse performing home visits and follow-up in selected cases. Data on neonatal evolution after hospital discharge were thus obtained from this program.
All uncertainties or discrepancies in the patient's medical record were jointly resolved by at least two study investigators. A specific database was created, and a spreadsheet format was used for statistical analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using SPPS (version 17.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago IL). Associations between categorical variables were evaluated using either Chi-square or Fisher's exact test. The Mann–Whitney U test was used for ordinal variables, and continuous variables were compared using the Student's t-test. For further evaluation of respiratory morbidity, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed. This analysis included both the variables that were statistically significant in the univariate analysis and the variables that were considered clinically relevant.
During the study period, there were 3545 singleton live births at our hospital, including 6.43% (n=228) premature births. Of these, 74.9% (n=171) were late-preterm births, but only 145 cases met selection criteria and were thus considered for analysis. Among the 145 late-preterm births included in the study, 57% (n=83) were spontaneous late-preterm births, and 43% (n=62) were medically-indicated late-preterm births. There were no differences in the distribution by gestational age at birth between the two groups. In the spontaneous group, 13 (16%) infants were born at 34 weeks, 27 (32%) at 35 weeks, and 43 (52%) at 36 weeks; in the medically-indicated group, 15 (24%) infants were born at 34 weeks, 13 (21%) at 35 weeks, and 34 (55%) at 36 weeks (p=0.207).
Results concerning maternal and obstetric characteristics of late-preterm births are presented in Table 1. Women with a medically-indicated delivery were older and more frequently nulliparous than women with a spontaneous late-preterm birth. All pregnancy-related complications were more frequent in the group of medically-indicated births, and hypertensive disease, IUGR and intrahepatic cholestasis accounted for more than 70% of the obstetric conditions complicating these pregnancies. However, both groups had equal requirements of maternal antenatal care such as admission to the High Risk Obstetric Unit, tocolysis treatment and corticosteroid therapy for fetal lung maturation. As for mode of delivery, caesarean section rate was significantly higher in the medically-indicated group (74.2% vs 19.3%, p<0.001).
Table 1. Maternal and obstetric characteristics of the spontaneous and medically-indicated late-preterm infants
Maternal and Obstetric characteristics
Spontaneous Late Preterm (n=83)
Medically-indicated Late Preterm (n=62)
Maternal age, ya
Nulliparity, n (%)
Maternal admission to the High Risk Obstetric Unit, n (%)
Corticosteroid therapy, n (%)
Tocolytic therapy, n (%)
Obstetric complications
Hypertensive disease, n (%)
<0.001b
Intrauterine growth restriction, n (%)
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, n (%)
Gestational diabetes, n (%)
Bleeding in the second half of pregnancy, n (%)
Other, n (%)
Cesarean section, n (%)
aData are given as mean ± SD
bp < 0.05
Medically-indicated late-preterm infants had lower scores in the Apgar test at 1 minute, but these differences were no longer observed at minute 5. Mean value of umbilical artery pH was also similar in both study groups. With regard to neonatal outcome, we found comparable frequency rates between groups for all morbidities analysed in the study, and no significant differences in admission to NICU were either noticed. 34.9% and 46.8% of infants in the spontaneous and medically-indicated groups, respectively, presented at least one neonatal complication (p=0.172). Table 2 illustrates these results. Neonatal morbidities more frequently observed in both groups were respiratory complications and neonatal jaundice. However, the occurrence of these morbidities significantly decreased with advancing gestational age at birth: 46.4% of infants born at 34 weeks presented respiratory difficulties, but only 11.7% of infants born at 36 weeks developed this complication; 28.6% of infants born at 34 weeks presented neonatal jaundice, compared to 7.8% of infants born at 36 weeks (data not shown in tables).
Obstetric complications, antenatal corticosteroid treatment, gestational age at delivery, mode of delivery and birth weight were included in the multivariate regression analysis to further assess respiratory morbidity among late-preterm infants. The only variable significantly associated with respiratory morbidity in this model was gestational age at delivery, and the association was the highest at 34 weeks (OR=6.54; CI: 2.37-18.11) (data not shown in tables).
Table 2. Neonatal results of the spontaneous and medically-indicated late-preterm infants
Neonatal results
Late Preterm
(n = 83)
Medically-Indicated
Birth weight, ga
Apgar ≤ 7 at 1 minute, n (%)
Apgar ≤ 7 at 5 minutes, n (%)
Umbilical artery pH a
7.21 ± 0.1
Admission to NICU
Respiratory morbidity, n (%)
Need for respiratory support
Jaundice, n (%)
Phototherapy treatment, n (%)
SGA, n (%)
Excessive weight loss, n (%)
Central nervous system morbidity, n (%)
Infectious morbidity, n (%)
Composite neonatal outcome, n (%)
Length of hospital stay a
Readmission to hospital, n (%)
Length of hospital stay was significantly longer in medically-indicated late-preterm births than in spontaneous late-preterm births (8.4 days vs 5.2 days, p=0.001). As for readmission to hospital, no differences were found between groups, but all cases occurred in the spontaneous group (6% vs 0%, p=0.071). Indications for readmission were mainly neonatal jaundice and infectious complication.
Previous studies have shown that late-preterm infants have more neonatal complications than term infants [8-10]. Even infants born at term (between 37 0/7 weeks and 42 0/7 weeks) have heterogenous results, with poorer outcomes at 37 weeks compared to 39 or 40 weeks [16]. It has thus been advised that the definition of term pregnancy should be redefined [17,18], and the risks of prematurity at the late-preterm period have mainly been attributed to a physiologic immaturity of several organ systems [19].
In our study, we found that spontaneous and medically-indicated late-preterm infants were at similar risk for neonatal morbidity, regardless to the higher rate of obstetric complications observed in the medically-indicated group. This contrasts with previous studies suggesting that the underlying cause for prematurity might be responsible for the higher rate of morbidities observed in some of these infants, such as IUGR infants [20]. This suggests that, even though the subjacent cause for prematurity has probably an influence on neonatal outcome at this stage of gestation, prematurity itself is the most important risk factor for morbidity among these infants. Pregnancy-related complications might have a more important role at lower gestational ages.
Our findings are consistent with previous studies reporting respiratory morbidity and jaundice as the most frequent complications in late-preterm infants [8,9,11]. Our results also suggest that, within the late-preterm period, the risk for these morbidities is higher at lower gestational age. As regards of hospitalization length, previous data showed that late-preterm infants had longer hospital stays than full-term neonates [21]. In the present study we found that length of stay in medically-indicated late-preterm infants was longer than in spontaneous late-preterm infants, although neonatal results were similar between groups. Considering that the rate of IUGR was significantly higher among medically-indicated deliveries (32.3% vs 2.4%, p<0.001), birth weight was subsequently lower among these infants compared to spontaneous late-preterm infants. Weight being a discharge criteria, our result might be attributable to lower birth weight in the medically-indicated group rather than to other neonatal factors. We also found that all readmissions to hospital after discharge occurred in the spontaneous late-preterm group, although these differences were not statically significant. This suggests that discharge criteria for late-preterm infants should be carefully considered both in medically-indicated and spontaneous deliveries. Factors affecting length of stay in late-preterm infants have previously been evaluated [22]. Aly et al. showed that both demographic and clinical factors may affect length of stay in late-preterm neonates. These associations were not specifically assessed in our study, but its evaluation might help to determine other factors affecting length of stay in medically-indicated late-preterm infants as compared to spontaneous late-preterm infants.
The rate of medically-indicated late-preterm deliveries in our study (43%) tended to be slightly higher than the rate reported by other authors (approximately 32%) [23]. Our center is a tertiary referral hospital for high-risk pregnancies, which might explain this result. However, indications for delivery were only recorded for the study, and no further evaluation was performed. Better knowledge of the specific obstetric conditions that led to medically-indicated births might contribute to a better evaluation of the indication of the delivery.
Whether or not late-preterm deliveries are avoidable is a highly controversial topic [14,23]. The concern about the neonatal results of late-preterm infants has led to evaluate the indications for delivery in the late-preterm period. It has been suggested that several conditions such as isolated oligohidramnios or mild preeclampsia might not justify an early delivery in most cases [24]. Our study shows that the results of spontaneous late-preterm infants should also raise concern, as they do not differ from those of infants born as a consequence of a pregnancy-related complication. It has been observed that obstetric practice can influence the rate of late-preterm births [25]. PPROM and preterm SoL are usually expectantly managed until 34 weeks. Would it be possible to continue this management beyond this stage of the pregnancy if conditions are stable? Several paediatric societies have adopted specific protocols of care for late-preterm infants, considering the particular risks this neonates are at [26,27]. Obstetric protocols should also consider the management of pregnancy-related complications at this gestational age.
To our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating the neonatal results of late-preterm infants according to the indication of the delivery. We believe our results can contribute to define and improve the obstetric management of pregnancies at risk for a late-preterm birth. The chart review of all cases included in the study allowed a more precise data assessment than abstraction from large databases. Additionally, data concerning the evolution after discharge of these infants was obtained from a follow-up program specifically designed for late-preterm births. This contributed to obtain reliable on the neonatal period.
However, our study has also some limitations. Data regarding hypoglycaemia were not available for most of the infants, and this neonatal complication could not be assess for the outcome evaluation. This constitutes an important limitation for the study, as hypoglycaemia is a common complication in late-preterm infants. Another possible limitation is the size of the study groups. It might be of interest to confirm our findings with larger and prospective studies. Finally, the medically-indicated group constitute an heterogenous group that included several pregnancy-related complications, some of which might have greater impact on the neonatal outcome than others. This heterogeneity could thus be considered as a confounding factor. However, the aim of the study was not to evaluate the impact of a specific obstetric condition in the neonatal outcome, but to compare the neonatal results of medically-indicated and spontaneous births.
Prematurity is the main contributor to neonatal morbidity in the late-preterm period. Spontaneous late-preterm infants does not seem to have a better outcome than infants born at this gestational age following pregnancy-related complications. This study highlights the need of evidence-based protocols for the management of pregnancies complicated by SoL or PPROM, as well as other obstetric complications, at this gestational age. Future research on late-preterm prematurity should focus on elucidating whether or not a conservative management of obstetric complications in the late-preterm period would reduce neonatal morbidity without increasing maternal or fetal risks.
Declaration of interest statement
The authors report no declarations of interest.
Loftin RW, Habli M, Snyder CC, Cormier CM, Lewis DF, et al. (2010) Late preterm birth. Rev Obstet Gynecol 3: 10-19. [Crossref]
Public Health Agency of Canada. Canadian Perinatal Health Report, 2008 Edition. Ottawa: PHAC; 2008. Available fromt: http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ publicat/2008/cphr-rspc/pdf/cphr-rspc08-eng.pdf.
[Last accessed 2014 Nov 11].
González-González NL, Medina V, Jiménez A, Arias JG, et al. (2006) National perinatal database 2004. Prog Obstet Ginecol 49: 645-655 [in Spanish].
Langhoff-Roos J, Kesmodel U, Jacobsson B, Rasmussen S, Vogel I (2006) Spontaneous preterm delivery in primiparous women at low risk in Denmark: population-based study. BMJ 332: 937-939. [Crossref]
McIntire DD, Leveno KJ (2008) Neonatal mortality and morbidity rates in late preterm births compared with births at term. Obstet Gynecol 111: 35-41. [Crossref]
Laughon SK1, Reddy UM, Sun L, Zhang J (2010) Precursors for late preterm birth in singleton gestations. Obstet Gynecol 116: 1047-1055. [Crossref]
Lisonkova S, Sabr Y, Butler B, Joseph KS (2012) International comparisons of preterm birth: higher rates of late preterm birth are associated with lower rates of stillbirth and neonatal death. BJOG 119: 1630-1639. [Crossref]
Engle WA, Tomashek KM, Wallman C; Committee on Fetus and Newborn, American Academy of Pediatrics (2007) "Late-Preterm" infants: a population at risk. Pediatrics 120: 1390-401. [Crossref]
Teune MJ, Bakhuizen S, Gyamfi Bannerman C, Opmeer BC, van Kaam AH, et al. (2011) A systematic review of severe morbidity in infants born late preterm. Am J Obstet Gynecol 205: 374.e1-9. [Crossref]
Celik IH, Demirel G, Canpolat FE, Dilmen U (2013) A common problem for neonatal intensive care units: late preterm infants, a prospective study with term controls in a large perinatal center. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 26: 459-462. [Crossref]
Kalyoncu O, Aygün C, Cetinoğlu E, Küçüködük S (2010) Neonatal morbidity and mortality of late-preterm babies. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 23: 607-612. [Crossref]
Vohr B (2013) Long-Term Outcomes of Moderately Preterm, Late Preterm, and Early Term Infants. Clin Perinatol 40: 739-751. [Crossref]
von Beckerath AK, Kollmann M, Rotky-Fast C, Karpf E, Lang U, et al. (2013) Perinatal complications and long-term neurodevelopmental outcome of infants with intrauterine growth restriction. Am J Obstet Gynecol 208: 130.e1-6.
Joseph KS, D'Alton M (2013) Theoretical and Empirical Justification for Current Rates of Iatrogenic Delivery at Late Preterm Gestation. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 27: 2-6. [Crossref]
Isetta V, Lopez-Agustina C, Lopez-Bernal E, Amat M, Vila M, et al. (2013) Cost-effectiveness of a new internet-based monitoring tool for neonatal post-discharge home care. J Med Internet Res 15: e38. [Crossref]
Reddy UM, Bettegowda VR, Dias T, Yamada-Kushnir T, Ko CW, et al (2011) Term pregnancy: a period of heterogeneous risk for infant mortality. Obstet Gynecol 117: 1279-1287. [Crossref]
Spong CY (2013) Defining "term" pregnancy: recommendations from the Defining "Term" Pregnancy Workgroup. JAMA 309: 2445-2446. [Crossref]
ACOG Committee Opinion No 579 (2013) Definition of term pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 122: 1139-1140.
Sahni R, Polin R (2013) Physiologic underpinnings for clinical problems in moderately preterm and late preterm infants. Clin Perinatol 40: 645-663. [Crossref]
Rocha CO, Bittar RE, Zugaib M (2010) Neonatal outcomes of late-preterm birth associated or not with intrauterine growth restriction. Obstet Gynecol Int 2010: 231842. [Crossref]
Rojas P, Pavón A, Rosso M (2011) Complicaciones a largo plazo de los recién nacidos pretérmino tardíos. An Pediart (Barc) 75: 169-174. [in Spanish]
Aly H, Hoffman H, El-Dib M, Said L, Mohamed M. Factor affecting length of stay in late preterm infants: an US national database study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2014:1-7. [Crossref]
Gyamfi-Bannerman C, Fuchs KM, Young OM, Hoffman MK (2011) Nonspontaneous late preterm birth: etiology and outcomes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 205: 456.e1-6. [Crossref]
Gyamfi-Bannerman C (2012) Obstetric decision-making and the late and moderately preterm infant. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 17: 132-137. [Crossref]
Meloni A, Antonelli A, Deiana S, Rocca A, Atzei A, et al. (2010) Late preterm: obstetric management. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 23(S3): 113-115. [Crossref]
Hurtado JA, Garcia M, Calvo MJ, Galiana GG, Moya AJ, et al. (2014) Recomendaciones para el manejo perinatal y seguimiento del recién nacido prematuro tardío. An Pediatr (Barc) 81: e1-327.e7. [in Spanish]
RM Phillips, M Goldstein, K Hougland, Nandyal R, Pizzica A, et al. (2013) Multidisciplinary guidelines for the care of late preterm infants. J Perinatol 33: S5-22. [Crossref]
Received: March 18, 2019
Accepted: April 02, 2019
©2019 TRILLA CC. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
TRILLA CC, MEDINA MC, GINOVART G, BETANCOURT J, ARMENGOL JA (2019) Perinatal outcomes of spontaneous and medically-indicated late preterm infants. Clin Obstet Gynecol Reprod Med 5: DOI: 10.15761/COGRM.1000249
Cristina Trilla
Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, C/Sant Quintí 89, 08025, Barcelona, Spain


text:
Grab.com Acquired By Recent Rebranded GrabTaxi
March 9, 2016 Jamie Zoch Branding, Domain Name Sales, Domain News 1 Comment
The premium domain name Grab.com has been acquired by Grabtaxi Holdings PTE LTD of Singapore according to domain name whois records this morning.
GrabTaxi announced in January 2016 that they would be rebranding to simply Grab, as they now offer much more than just taxi services. At the time of the rebranding announcement, the company was using the domain name Grab.co
According to the linked TechCrunch article above, Grab is valued at over $1 Billion based on funding.
The Grab.com domain name was on a developed website for many years prior for Grab Games and remained that way until very early March 2016 (about the 5th) when the domain suddenly started redirecting to GrabGames.com.
One would have to expect that a substantial offer was made to acquire the domain name from a company that was using the domain name for its main website, likely email and more. How high that number was, I'm not sure (likely 7 figures), but the more zero's the more likely the past owners thought it was worth to switch domains.
The new Grab.com is a booking app, similar to the popular service Uber and didn't resolve yet at the time of this article but I'm sure will very soon.
Congrats to both parties as it's not an easy task to acquire a really great domain name like Grab.com from a company that was already using it and I'm sure was very happy to own it!
app, domain name, grab, grab.co, grab.com, grabtaxi, premium domain name, startup, taxi booking app
One Response to Grab.com Acquired By Recent Rebranded GrabTaxi
NameYouNeed March 21, 2016 at 8:46 am	Reply
Wow, just goes to show with Venture funding anything is possible.


It's not always easy to think of enjoying your life when you're struggling to get through another day sober, but you should. Finding moments of peace and happiness is a crucial step in the process of personal reinvention, and now's the time to take it, with summer bringing plenty of warm weather and clear skies to lift your spirits.
What keeps you in a state of brain fog is your thoughts that take up space in your mind. If you could look into your mind, it probably would resemble a cobweb - one thought inter-twined with another, connected to another. Who would feel clear with all of that going on? The more you think about what to do, where to step, what direction to take, the less clear you become.
Yes, living with anxiety is not easy. Almost, all of us have experienced or gone through a period in our lives when we felt anxious, stressed or feel like life has become unmanageable. It is normal to feel anxious during certain times in your life: before an exam, first date, difficult conversation or when in high-pressure situations such as graduate school.


text:
Trump Launches NFT Collection & A Chance To Dine With Ex-US President
Warrens Coins December 23, 2022 3 min read
Trump's Surprising Initiative
Although crypto isn't according to the taste of Donald Trump yet Non-Fungible Tokens have been able to attract ex-US President's attention.
Throughout his election campaigns and during his tenure as the US President, Trump carried the slogan 'Let's make America great again'.
Even after his failure to resume office for the second term, he is still carrying along with the slogan. Recently, on 15th December, Trump announced the launching of his exclusive collection of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs).
The initiative seems more surprising than commendable as Trump is not fond of an asset that is 'digital'. On several occasions in the past and even today, he criticizes cryptocurrencies and particularly has a disliking for Bitcoin.
Irrespective of his peculiar stance against digital assets, Trump has made an announcement of launching his very own collection of NFTs.
He has launched the collection at the web portal called 'collecttrumpcards.com'.
Partners with Polygon Blockchain
For the purposes of launching Trump's NFT collection, the task was gladly taken by Polygon blockchain.
So if anybody is interested in obtaining Trump-exclusive NFTs, the person can mine collectible versions of Trump-cards from the Polygon network.
There is a reason behind Trump partnering with the Polygon network instead of utilizing other networks. Polygon is considered to be one of the best networks environmentally because it claims to be carbon-free and eco-friendly.
The launch was also verified by the Truth Social account held by Trump.
In the announcement, Trump revealed that he is ready to go digital and has been launching his NFT collection. He further said that the cards have rare properties and are unique in the sense that they comprise limited edition cards.
He further described that the NFTs contain some Art taken out from his social life and business career.
Trump further revealed on Truth Social that one NFT card collection would cost $99 only. He said that he is hopeful that his debut collection would be acquired by the Americans within no time.
Amazing Prizes
Trump-NFT collection also comes with several amazing surprises which shall be won by the buyers through a lottery system.
However, the buyers would not need to register for post-buy rewards. Instead, they would be automatically put into a draw.
The exclusive prize a lucky winner can earn is once in a lifetime opportunity of becoming Trump's guest at a dinner.
The dinner shall be hosted by Trump himself at the globally popular resort owned by Trump, 'Mar-A-Lago' situated in Miami, Florida.
The second best prize is an hour-long Golf playtime with the 45th US President at Mar-A-Lago.
The website from where the NFT collection can be minted also features that for participating in the contest, the purchase is not mandatory.
Trump-NFT Collection Uplifts Crypto Supporters' Morale
Trump's initiative of launching his exclusive NFT collection also uplifted the morale of the majority of crypto supporters.
Soon after the announcement of the Trump-NFT launch, several crypto supporters appreciated Trump on social media platforms.
One of the commentators was The Wolf of All Streets himself namely Scott Melker. Melker responded to the NFT launch by saying that at first he disbelieved and then frustrated but later he was hopeful for the new beginning.
Guaranteed Reward for Exclusive Buyers
If someone buys a total of 45 cards, then the person will earn a ticket to join Trump at Gala Dinner automatically.
This entry into Gala Dinner would be rewarded to the person without the formality of entering into any contest.
The former president is eager to fight against Joe Biden in the mid-term elections. He is going to make sure that he wins back his position at the office.
Donald Trump has always been in the public and has always caught the attention of people. It will not be difficult for him to move people to his side this time around as well.
Previous What Are NFTs And How Do They Work?
Next Most Anticipated Shanghai Hard Fork In Ethereum Blockchain May Happen In March 2023


text:
Q: Lenovo T520 overheating when playing Counter-Strike: Source. What can I do about it? GPU seems to heat to over 93C when playing Counter-Strike: Source (at 1600x900 resolution). After a while ThinkPad shuts down on its own. Should I lower my graphics settings? I tried that, but it didn't seem to  What exactly should I lower?

A: First, do you have the T520 with the optimized graphics, the NVidia NVS 4200m?  Because even if you do, it's not a gaming video chipset...

The NVIDIA NVS 4200M (or NVIDIA Quadro NVS 4200M) is a business graphics card for laptops which is most likely based on the same core as the GeForce GT 520M. According to the Nvidia Homepage, the 4200M is allowed to be clocked up to 810MHz, compared to the 550MHz of the GT 520M. However, the clock rates of the NVS 4200M in the Dell Latitude 6420 is similar to the GT 520M.
The NVS series is optimized for business applications and stability and may therefore perform a bit worse in games due to the special drivers and BIOS optimizations.

From Notebook Check.
Otherwise, that laptop comes with an Intel HD 3000 IGP.
Either way, the T520 isn't a gaming laptop.  It doesn't matter if it meets the game specifications or not.  It wasn't built for the punishment that games deliver.  It is a business class laptop that was made to run in that type of environment, under that expected type of load.
Why is it overheating?  As mentioned in the comments, the cooling channel might need to be cleaned... as in there might be a layer of dust and debris (like dryer lint will look like) between the internal fan and the heat sink.  You might also be using the laptop on a soft surface, causing the fan intake to be blocked.  For all we know, the original power adapter failed or was broken, and you have replaced it with a less-than-adequate power supply that is providing almost the wattage necessary.
There are multiple reasons why your laptop could be overheating, and we just don't know enough about your specific circumstances to be able to say exactly why.  However, at the very least, using a business class laptop as a gaming laptop will make it run hotter than normal.


text:
Q: how to change the style of togglebutton in ribbon split button i have made a ribbonsplitbutton. But i have no idea how i change the background color of the togglebutton used in ribbon split button.
The code i have done so far is this
<Custom:RibbonSplitButton LargeImageSource="Images\folder.jpg" Label="Open" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Top" >
            <Custom:RibbonMenuItem  Header="find" ImageSource="Images\find.png"/>
            <Custom:RibbonMenuItem  Header="copy" ImageSource="Images\copy.png"/>
            <Custom:RibbonMenuItem  Header="calculator" ImageSource="Images\calculator.png"/>
            <Custom:RibbonMenuItem  Header="setting" ImageSource="Images\Setting.png"/>
            <Custom:RibbonMenuItem  Header="calender" ImageSource="Images\calender.png"/>
            <Custom:RibbonMenuItem  Header="print" ImageSource="Images\print.png"/>

</Custom:RibbonSplitButton>

Can someone help me to create a style for togglebutton.

A: you can change the style of toggle button in ribbon split button by changing the style of the part_toggle button
the sample code of style is
<Border x:Name="UnderlayBorder" Background="{Binding MouseOverBackground, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}" Opacity="0.5" Visibility="Collapsed"/>
                                            <Custom:RibbonToggleButton x:Name="PART_ToggleButton" BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" Background="Transparent" ToolTipService.BetweenShowDelay="0" CheckedBackground="{TemplateBinding CheckedBackground}" ClickMode="Press" CornerRadius="0,2,2,0" CheckedBorderBrush="{TemplateBinding CheckedBorderBrush}" FocusedBackground="{TemplateBinding FocusedBackground}" FocusedBorderBrush="{TemplateBinding FocusedBorderBrush}" FocusVisualStyle="{x:Null}" HorizontalContentAlignment="{TemplateBinding HorizontalContentAlignment}" ToolTipService.InitialShowDelay="900" IsChecked="{Binding IsDropDownOpen, Mode=TwoWay, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}" Label="{TemplateBinding Label}" MouseOverBackground="{TemplateBinding MouseOverBackground}" MouseOverBorderBrush="{TemplateBinding MouseOverBorderBrush}" PressedBorderBrush="{TemplateBinding PressedBorderBrush}" Padding="{TemplateBinding Padding}" PressedBackground="{TemplateBinding PressedBackground}" Custom:RibbonTwoLineText.PathData="M0,0L2.5,3 5,0z" Style="{x:Null}" ToolTipService.ShowDuration="20000" ToolTipDescription="{TemplateBinding DropDownToolTipDescription}" ToolTipFooterDescription="{TemplateBinding DropDownToolTipFooterDescription}" ToolTipImageSource="{TemplateBinding DropDownToolTipImageSource}" ToolTipFooterTitle="{TemplateBinding DropDownToolTipFooterTitle}" ToolTipFooterImageSource="{TemplateBinding DropDownToolTipFooterImageSource}" ToolTipTitle="{TemplateBinding DropDownToolTipTitle}" VerticalContentAlignment="{TemplateBinding VerticalContentAlignment}">
                                                <Custom:RibbonToggleButton.ControlSizeDefinition>
                                                    <Custom:RibbonControlSizeDefinition IsLabelVisible="False" ImageSize="Collapsed"/>
                                                </Custom:RibbonToggleButton.ControlSizeDefinition>
                                                <Custom:RibbonToggleButton.Template>
                                                    <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Custom:RibbonToggleButton}">
                                                        <Grid x:Name="MainGrid" SnapsToDevicePixels="True">
                                                            <Border x:Name="OuterBorder" BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" CornerRadius="{TemplateBinding CornerRadius}"/>
                                                            <Border x:Name="MiddleBorder" BorderBrush="Transparent" BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" Background="Transparent" CornerRadius="{TemplateBinding CornerRadius}">
                                                                <Border x:Name="InnerBorder" BorderBrush="Transparent" BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" Background="Transparent" CornerRadius="{TemplateBinding CornerRadius}" Padding="{TemplateBinding Padding}">
                                                                    <StackPanel x:Name="StackPanel" HorizontalAlignment="{TemplateBinding HorizontalContentAlignment}" VerticalAlignment="{TemplateBinding VerticalContentAlignment}">
                                                                        <Image x:Name="PART_Image" RenderOptions.BitmapScalingMode="NearestNeighbor" HorizontalAlignment="{TemplateBinding HorizontalContentAlignment}" Height="32" Margin="{DynamicResource {ComponentResourceKey ResourceId=LargeImageMargin, TypeInTargetAssembly={x:Type Custom:Ribbon}}}" Source="{TemplateBinding LargeImageSource}" VerticalAlignment="Center" Width="32"/>
                                                                        <Grid x:Name="Grid" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Top" >
                                                                            <Custom:RibbonTwoLineText x:Name="TwoLineText" Custom:RibbonTwoLineText.HasTwoLines="{TemplateBinding Custom:RibbonTwoLineText.HasTwoLines}" HorizontalAlignment="Center" LineStackingStrategy="BlockLineHeight" LineHeight="5" Margin="1,1,1,0" PathFill="{TemplateBinding Foreground}" Custom:RibbonTwoLineText.PathData="{TemplateBinding Custom:RibbonTwoLineText.PathData}" TextAlignment="Center" Text="{TemplateBinding Label}" VerticalAlignment="Top"/>
                                                                        </Grid>
                                                                    </StackPanel>
                                                                </Border>
                                                            </Border>
                                                        </Grid>


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Located in Omaha, Nebraska, Astro Buildings builds post frame buildings throughout Kansas, Iowa, Nebraska, Missouri, South Dakota, Minnesota and parts of Colorado. Through our local dealers and sales staff, Astro Buildings strives to meet the unique needs of each customer. Astro Buildings works with you throughout the phases of your building's construction – from design to completion. We are dedicated to seeing that your Astro building meets your expectations.
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