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Brian Blackburn
Clinical Professor, Medicine - Infectious Diseases
Dr. Brian Blackburn specializes in the treatment of infectious diseases. He has practiced for over a decade and a half in this specialty, and has a special interest in travel and tropical medicine, and in infections in patients with compromised immune systems
Tropical Medicine
Affiliate, Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment
Member, Infectious Diseases / EIS Joint Fellowship IDSA National Steering Committee (2021 - Present)
Committee Member, ACGME Infectious Diseases Milestones Development National Committee (2018 - 2022)
Committee member, Infectious Diseases Society of America Training Program Directors' Committee (2017 - 2022)
Faculty Fellow, Stanford Center for Innovation in Global Health (2015 - Present)
Fellowship Program Director, Stanford University Division of Infectious Diseases & Geographic Medicine (2014 - Present)
Director, Scholarly Concentration in Global Health, Stanford University School of Medicine (2010 - Present)
Affiliated Faculty Member, Stanford Univ. Woods Institute for the Environment (2009 - Present)
Associate Chief for Clinical Affairs, Stanford Univ Division of Infectious Diseases (2008 - 2011)
Committee member, Stanford Quality Initiative on Sepsis (2008 - 2009)
Committee member, Stanford Surgical Care Improvement Project (2007 - 2007)
Affiliated Faculty Member, Stanford Center for African Studies (2006 - Present)
Committee member, Stanford Pharmacy and Therapeutics Antibiotic Subcommittee (2005 - Present)
Committee member, Stanford Internal Medicine Residency Review Commitee (2005 - 2010)
Committee member, Stanford Internal Medicine Intern Selection Committee (2005 - 2009)
Alwin C. Rambar-James B.D. Mark Award for Excellence in Patient Care, Stanford University School of Medicine (2021)
Fellow, Infectious Diseases Society of America (2018)
Vosti Award - Excellence in Teaching, Stanford Division of Infectious Diseases & Geographic Medicine (2013, 2012, 2010, and 2007)
Infectious Diseases Division Teaching Award, Stanford University Department of Internal Medicine (2013, 2012, 2010, and 2007)
Dean's Award for Excellence in Teaching, Stanford School of Medicine (2008)
Distinguished Service to Housestaff Education, Stanford Dept of Medicine, Chief Residents (2008)
Exceptional Preceptor Award, Ambulatory Medicine Clerkship, Stanford University Dept of Medicine (2007)
Amstrong Award - Excellence in Patient Care, Stanford Dept of Medicine (2000)
Chicago Medical School Alumni Association Award, Chicago Medical School (1997)
Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Society, AOA chapter - Chicago Medical School (1995)
American Society of Clinical Pathologist's Award, ASCP (1995)
McGraw-Hill Academic Achievement Award, McGraw-Hill - Chicago Medical School (1994)
Graduation with Departmental Honors, UCLA Dept. of Biology (1992)
Fellowship: Stanford University Infectious Disease Fellowships (2002) CA
Residency: Stanford University Internal Medicine Residency (2000) CA
Internship: Stanford University Internal Medicine Residency (1998) CA
Medical Education: Rosalind Franklin University The Chicago Medical School (1997) IL
Certificate of Knowledge, American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Trop Medicine, Travelers Health (2010)
EIS, Centers for Disease Control, Epidemiology (2005)
Board Certification: American Board of Internal Medicine, Infectious Disease (2002)
Fellowship, Stanford University, Infectious Diseases (2002)
Internship, Residency, Chief Res, Stanford University, Internal Medicine (Chief Resident 2002-03) (2000)
Medical Education (MD), Chicago Medical School, Medicine (1997)
BS, UCLA, Biology (1992)
Community and International Work
Clinical and programmatic work, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Partnering Organization(s)
Yale, Johnson & Johnson
Opportunities for Student Involvement
Research collaboration, Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya
Clinical and programmatic work, Monrovia, Liberia
Evaluating and Financing ITNs in India, Orissa State, India
Malaria, filariasis, economics
Duke Univ, Center for Microfinance, BISWA
Rural poor of India
Integration of insecticide-treated bednet distribution and mass drug administration in Nigeria, Nigeria
Control of vector-borne parasitic diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa
CDC, The Carter Center
Children under 5, pregnant women
Schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis: presumptive treatment among Sudanese Lost Boys and Somali Bantus, Sudan, Kenya, Phoenix
Treatment of parasitic diseases in US refugees and immigrants
CDC, AZ Dept of Health Services, Maricopa County Dept. of Public Health
US refugees and immigrants
University - Academic staff Department:&nbspMedicine - Med/Infectious Diseases Position: Clinical Professor
Clinical Infectious Disease Clinic 211 Quarry Rd Ste 202 MC 5988 Palo Alto, CA 94304
Curriculum Vitae DOC
My interests include parasitology and global health; I've investigated cryptosporidium and angiostrongylus outbreaks; schistosoma/strongyloides seroprevalence in refugees, and the distribution and impact of ITNs for malaria and filariasis prevention in Nigeria and India. I have done clinical and programmatic work at teaching hospitals in Liberia and Bangladesh and have opportunities for research in Bangladesh and Kenya, in collaboration with ICDDR,B and CDC, Kenya
Directed Reading in Medicine
MED 299 (Aut, Sum)
Early Clinical Experience in Medicine
Medical Scholars Research
MED 199 (Sum)
Graduate and Fellowship Programs
Infectious Diseases (Fellowship Program)
Medicine (Masters Program)
Virtual Recruitment Is Here to Stay: A Survey of ID Fellowship Program Directors and Matched Applicants Regarding Their 2020 Virtual Recruitment Experiences. Open forum infectious diseases Rockney, D., Benson, C. A., Blackburn, B. G., Chirch, L. M., Konold, V. J., Luther, V. P., Razonable, R. R., Tackett, S., Melia, M. T. 2021; 8 (8): ofab383
Background: Graduate Medical Education training programs transitioned to all-virtual recruitment in 2020. Limited data have been published regarding the consequences of this transition. We aimed to understand (1) infectious diseases (ID) fellowship programs' recruitment efforts and the effect of virtual recruitment on application and interview numbers and (2) the number of programs to which matched applicants applied and interviewed and applicants' perspectives on virtual recruitment.Methods: In 2020-2021, we surveyed all US ID fellowship program directors (PDs) and matched applicants. Descriptive data analysis was performed on quantitative survey items. Free-text responses were analyzed through a quantitative content analysis approach.Results: The PD response rate was 68/158 (43%); the applicant response rate was at least 23% (85/365). PDs reported a 27% increase in mean number of applications received and a 45% increase in mean number of applicants interviewed compared with the previous year. Applicants especially valued the online program structure information, PD program overview videos, didactic and curriculum content, and fellow testimonials and profiles. Most applicants preferred interviews lasting no more than 40 minutes and interview days lasting no more than 5 hours. Nearly all (60/64, 94%) PDs adequately learned about candidates; most (48/64, 75%) felt unable to showcase their program as well as when in-person. Most PDs (54/64, 84%) and applicants (56/73, 77%) want an option for virtual recruitment.Conclusions: Virtual recruitment enabled programs to accommodate more applicants and highlighted applicants' preferences for programs' augmented online presences and time-limited interview days. Most programs and applicants want an option for virtual interviews.
View details for DOI 10.1093/ofid/ofab383
Reactivation of Chagas Disease in a Patient With an Autoimmune Rheumatic Disease: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Open forum infectious diseases Czech, M. M., Nayak, A. K., Subramanian, K. n., Suarez, J. F., Ferguson, J. n., Jacobson, K. B., Montgomery, S. P., Chang, M. n., Bae, G. H., Raghavan, S. S., Wang, H. n., Miranti, E. n., Budvytiene, I. n., Shoor, S. M., Banaei, N. n., Rieger, K. n., Deresinski, S. n., Holubar, M. n., Blackburn, B. G. 2021; 8 (2): ofaa642
Reactivation of Chagas disease has been described in immunosuppressed patients, but there is a paucity of literature describing reactivation in patients on immunosuppressive therapies for the treatment of autoimmune rheumatic diseases. We describe a case of Chagas disease reactivation in a woman taking azathioprine and prednisone for limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis (lcSSc). Reactivation manifested as indurated and erythematous cutaneous nodules. Sequencing of a skin biopsy specimen confirmed the diagnosis of Chagas disease. She was treated with benznidazole with clinical improvement in the cutaneous lesions. However, her clinical course was complicated and included disseminated CMV disease and subsequent septic shock due to bacteremia. Our case and review of the literature highlight that screening for Chagas disease should be strongly considered for patients who will undergo immunosuppression for treatment of autoimmune disease if epidemiologically indicated.
View details for DOI 10.1093/ofid/ofaa642
Concurrent Trypanosoma cruzi and Cytomegalovirus Reactivation in an Immunosuppressed Patient With Limited Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis. The American Journal of dermatopathology Chang, M. S., Bae, G. H., Almazan, T., Raghavan, S. S., Wang, J. Y., Czech, M. M., Wang, H., Banaei, N., Blackburn, B. G., Novoa, R. A., Rieger, K. E. 2020
Chagas disease, a multisystem infection caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, is primarily found in Latin America. In recent years, prevalence has increased in the United States, where reactivation is the most common clinical scenario. Here, we describe cutaneous reactivation of T. cruzi in a patient with limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis on immunosuppression therapy who simultaneously presented with cytomegalovirus reactivation. Histopathology showed parasitized histiocytes in the superficial and deep dermis. Occasional epidermal keratinocytes were also parasitized, and rare organisms were also seen in the walls of blood vessels. Also noted were viral cytopathic changes within the vascular endothelium, and immunostaining confirmed cytomegalovirus. In this report, we describe the difference in cutaneous findings between reactivated and acute Chagas disease, and we also review the histopathologic features that help distinguish T.cruzi from other intracellular organisms.
View details for DOI 10.1097/DAD.0000000000001842
Use of Remdesivir for Pregnant Patients with Severe Novel 2019 Coronavirus Disease. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology Igbinosa, I., Miller, S., Bianco, K., Nelson, J., Kappagoda, S., Blackburn, B. G., Grant, P., Subramanian, A., Lyell, D., El-Sayed, Y., Aziz, N. 2020
View details for DOI 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.08.001
The Struggling Infectious Diseases Fellow: Remediation Challenges and Opportunities. Open forum infectious diseases Melia, M. T., Paez, A., Reid, G., Chirch, L. M., Luther, V. P., Blackburn, B. G., Perez, F., Abdoler, E., Kaul, D. R., Rehm, S., Harik, N., Barsoumian, A., Person, A. K., Yun, H., Beckham, J. D., Boruchoff, S., Cariello, P. F., Cutrell, J. B., Graber, C. J., Lee, D. H., Maziarz, E., Paras, M. L., Razonable, R. R., Ressner, R., Chen, A., Chow, B., Escota, G., Herc, E., Johnson, A., Maves, R. C., Nnedu, O., Clauss, H., Kulkarni, P., Pottinger, P. S., Serpa, J. A., Bhowmick, T., Bittner, M., Wooten, D., Casanas, B., Shnekendorf, R., Blumberg, E. A. 2020; 7 (3): ofaa058
Remediation of struggling learners is a challenge faced by all educators. In recognition of this reality, and in light of contemporary challenges facing infectious diseases (ID) fellowship program directors, the Infectious Diseases Society of America Training Program Directors' Committee focused the 2018 National Fellowship Program Directors' Meeting at IDWeek on "Remediation of the Struggling Fellow." Small group discussions addressed 7 core topics, including feedback and evaluations, performance management and remediation, knowledge deficits, fellow well-being, efficiency and time management, teaching skills, and career development. This manuscript synthesizes those discussions around a competency-based framework to provide program directors and other educators with a roadmap for addressing common contemporary remediation challenges.
Compassionate Use of Remdesivir in Pregnant Women with Severe Covid-19. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America Burwick, R. M., Yawetz, S. n., Stephenson, K. E., Collier, A. Y., Sen, P. n., Blackburn, B. G., Kojic, E. M., Hirshberg, A. n., Suarez, J. F., Sobieszczyk, M. E., Marks, K. M., Mazur, S. n., Big, C. n., Manuel, O. n., Morlin, G. n., Rose, S. J., Naqvi, M. n., Goldfarb, I. T., DeZure, A. n., Telep, L. n., Tan, S. K., Zhao, Y. n., Hahambis, T. n., Hindman, J. n., Chokkalingam, A. P., Carter, C. n., Das, M. n., Osinusi, A. O., Brainard, D. M., Varughese, T. A., Kovalenko, O. n., Sims, M. D., Desai, S. n., Swamy, G. n., Sheffield, J. S., Zash, R. n., Short, W. R. 2020
Remdesivir is efficacious for severe COVID-19 in adults, but data in pregnant women are limited. We describe outcomes in the first 86 pregnant women with severe COVID-19 who were treated with remdesivir.Reported data span March 21 to June 16, 2020 for hospitalized pregnant women with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and room air oxygen saturation ≤94% whose clinicians requested remdesivir through the compassionate use program. The intended remdesivir treatment course was 10 days (200mg on Day 1, followed by 100mg for Days 2-10, given intravenously).Nineteen of 86 women delivered before their first dose and were reclassified as immediate "postpartum" (median postpartum day=1; range 0-3). At baseline, 40% of pregnant women (median gestational age 28 weeks) required invasive ventilation, in contrast to 95% of postpartum women (median gestational age at delivery 30 weeks). By Day 28 of follow-up, the level of oxygen requirement decreased in 96% and 89% of pregnant and postpartum women, respectively. Among pregnant women, 93% of those on mechanical ventilation were extubated, 93% recovered, and 90% were discharged. Among postpartum women, 89% were extubated, 89% recovered, and 84% were discharged. Remdesivir was well tolerated, with a low incidence of serious adverse events (16%). Most adverse events were related to pregnancy and underlying disease; most laboratory abnormalities were Grades 1 or 2. There was one maternal death attributed to underlying disease and no neonatal deaths.Among 86 pregnant and postpartum women with severe COVID-19 who received compassionate use remdesivir, recovery rates were high, with a low rate of serious adverse events.
View details for DOI 10.1093/cid/ciaa1466
Tuberculosis and Parasitic Infections of the Genitourinary Tract Campbell-Walsh-Wein Urology Chang, A. H., Blackburn, B. G., Hsieh, M. H. Elsevier. 2020; 12: 1305–37
Pathogenic Intestinal Parasites in Transplant Recipients Emerging Transplant Infections Rosser, J. I., Blackburn, B. G. Springer. 2020; 1: 1–55
View details for DOI 10.1007/978-3-030-01751-4_57-1
Free Living Amebae Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases Koshy, A., Blackburn, B. G., Singh, U. Elsevier. 2020; 9: 3287–98
Diagnosis of Chagasic Encephalitis by Sequencing of 28S rRNA Gene EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES Multani, A., Meer, A., Smith, D. S., Kheraj, M. N., Plowey, E. D., Blackburn, B. G. 2019; 25 (7): 1370–72
We report a case of chagasic encephalitis diagnosed by 28S rRNA sequencing. The diagnosis of chagasic encephalitis is challenging, given the broad differential diagnosis for central nervous system lesions in immunocompromised patients and low sensitivity of traditional diagnostics. Sequencing should be part of the diagnostic armamentarium for potential chagasic encephalitis.
View details for DOI 10.3201/eid2507.180285
Soil-Transmitted Helminths: Ascaris, Trichuris, and Hookworm Infections In: Selendy J (ed.) Water and Sanitation Related Diseases and the Environment: Challenges, Interventions and Preventive Measures Yu, A. T., Blackburn, B. G. Wiley Blackwell. 2019; 2nd: 95–110
Parasitic Infections in Transplant Patients: Toxoplasmosis, Strongyloidiasis, and Other Parasites Principles and Practice of Transplant Infectious Diseases Blackburn, B. G., Montoya, J. G. edited by Safdar, A. Springer-Verlag. 2019; 1: 775–92
View details for DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-9034-4
Role of Toxoplasma IgA as part of a Reference Panel for the Diagnosis of Acute Toxoplasmosis During Pregnancy. Journal of clinical microbiology Olariu, T. R., Blackburn, B. G., Press, C., Talucod, J., Remington, J. S., Montoya, J. G. 2018
This study evaluated the usefulness of adding the Toxoplasma gondii IgA antibody ELISA test to the serologic panel of tests done for the diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in a reference laboratory in the United States. We conducted a retrospective study of 690 consecutive pregnant women with positive T. gondii IgG antibody test results who also had T. gondii IgA and IgM antibody tests performed. Patients were defined as acutely or chronically infected with T. gondii based on a panel of serologic tests performed at the Palo Alto Medical Foundation - Toxoplasma Serology Laboratory (PAMF-TSL). Among the 81 women who were positive by T. gondii IgA antibody ELISA testing, 61 (75.3%) were acutely infected with T. gondii, while of the 547 who were negative by IgA testing, only 24 (4.4%) were acutely infected (p<0.001). Among the 71 women who were positive by both IgA and IgM antibody tests, 61 (85.9%) were acutely infected, compared to 24 (19.2%) of the 125 women who were positive by only the IgM ELISA (p<0.001). These results demonstrate that pregnant women with T. gondii IgA antibodies are more likely to have had a recent infection with T. gondii compared to pregnant women without T. gondii IgA antibodies. Toxoplasma IgA antibody testing can therefore improve the accuracy of a serologic panel for the diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis during pregnancy. Physicians who ordered testing only for T. gondii IgG and IgM should also request additional testing for IgA and IgG avidity, if both IgG and IgM are positive. This further testing should be ideally performed in a reference laboratory.
Central Nervous System Infections Scientific American Critical Care of the Surgical Patient Finley Caulfield, A., Blackburn, B. G. Hamilton (ON): Decker Intellectual Properties. 2017; 1: 1–23
View details for DOI 10.2310/7800.8036
Serious Bacterial Infections Acquired During Treatment for Purported Chronic Lyme Disease – United States Morbid Mortal Weekly Report Marzec, N., Nelson, C., Waldron, P., Blackburn, B., Hosain, S., Greenhow, T., Green, G., Lomen-Hoerth, C., Golden, M., Mead, P. 2017; 66: 607-9
Tuberculosis and Parasitic Infections of the Genitourinary Tract Campbell-Walsh Urology Chang, A., Blackburn, B., MH, H. Elsevier. 2016; 11: 421–46
First case of infectious endocarditis caused by Parvimonas micra. Anaerobe Gomez, C. A., Gerber, D. A., Zambrano, E., Banaei, N., Deresinski, S., Blackburn, B. G. 2015; 36: 53-55
P. micra is an anaerobic Gram-positive cocci, and a known commensal organism of the human oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract. Although it has been classically described in association with endodontic disease and peritonsillar infection, recent reports have highlighted the role of P. micra as the primary pathogen in the setting of invasive infections. In its most recent taxonomic classification, P. micra has never been reported causing infectious endocarditis in humans. Here, we describe a 71 year-old man who developed severe native valve endocarditis complicated by aortic valvular destruction and perivalvular abscess, requiring emergent surgical intervention. Molecular sequencing enabled identification of P. micra.
View details for DOI 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2015.10.007
Comparison of community-wide, integrated mass drug administration strategies for schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis: a cost-effectiveness modelling study. The Lancet. Global health Lo, N. C., Bogoch, I. I., Blackburn, B. G., Raso, G., N'Goran, E. K., Coulibaly, J. T., Becker, S. L., Abrams, H. B., Utzinger, J., Andrews, J. R. 2015; 3 (10): e629-38
More than 1·5 billion people are affected by schistosomiasis or soil-transmitted helminthiasis. WHO's recommendations for mass drug administration (MDA) against these parasitic infections emphasise treatment of school-aged children, using separate treatment guidelines for these two helminthiases groups. We aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of expanding integrated MDA to the entire community in four settings in Côte d'Ivoire.We extended previously published, dynamic, age-structured models of helminthiases transmission to simulate costs and disability averted with integrated MDA (of praziquantel and albendazole) for schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis. We calibrated the model to data for prevalence and intensity of species-specific helminth infection from surveys undertaken in four communities in Côte d'Ivoire between March, 1997, and September, 2010. We simulated a 15-year treatment programme with 75% coverage in only school-aged children; school-aged children and preschool-aged children; adults; and the entire community. Treatment costs were estimated at US$0·74 for school-aged children and $1·74 for preschool-aged children and adults. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was calculated in 2014 US dollars per disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) averted.Expanded community-wide treatment was highly cost effective compared with treatment of only school-aged children (ICER $167 per DALY averted) and WHO guidelines (ICER $127 per DALY averted), and remained highly cost effective even if treatment costs for preschool-aged children and adults were ten times greater than those for school-aged children. Community-wide treatment remained highly cost effective even when elimination of helminth infections was not achieved. These findings were robust across the four diverse communities in Côte d'Ivoire, only one of which would have received annual MDA for both schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis under the latest WHO guidelines. Treatment every 6 months was also highly cost effective in three out of four communities.Integrated, community-wide MDA programmes for schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis can be highly cost effective, even in communities with low disease burden in any helminth group. These results support an urgent need to re-evaluate current global guidelines for helminthiases control programmes to include community-wide treatment, increased treatment frequency, and consideration for lowered prevalence thresholds for integrated treatment.Stanford University Medical Scholars Programme, Mount Sinai Hospital-University Health Network AMO Innovation Fund.
View details for DOI 10.1016/S2214-109X(15)00047-9
Free Living Amebae Mandell, Bennett, and Dolin's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases Koshy, A., Blackburn, B. G., Singh, U. Elsevier Saunders. 2015; 8: 3059–69
Comparison of community-wide, integrated mass drug administration strategies for schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis: a cost-effectiveness modelling study Lancet Global Health Lo, N. C., Bogoch, I. I., Blackburn, B. G., Raso, G., N'Goran, E. K., Coulibaly, J. T., Becker, S. L., Abrams, H. B., Utzinger, J., Andrews, J. R. 2015: e629-38
Micro-Loans, Insecticide-Treated Bednets, and Malaria: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial in Orissa, India. The American economic review Tarozzi, A., Mahajan, A., Blackburn, B., Kopf, D., Krishnan, L., Yoong, J. 2014; 104 (7): 1909-41
We describe findings from the first large-scale cluster randomized controlled trial in a developing country that evaluates the uptake of a health-protecting technology, insecticide-treated bednets (ITNs), through micro-consumer loans, as compared to free distribution and control conditions. Despite a relatively high price, 52 percent of sample households purchased ITNs, highlighting the role of liquidity constraints in explaining earlier low adoption rates. We find mixed evidence of improvements in malaria indices. We interpret the results and their implications within the debate about cost sharing, sustainability and liquidity constraints in public health initiatives in developing countries.
Insecticide-Treated Bednets and Malaria Control: Strategies, Implementation, and Outcome The Global Challenge of Malaria: Lessons of the Past and Future Prospects HV, F., E, M., BG, B. edited by FM, S. G., R, B. World Scientific Press. 2014; 1st: 143–87
Eosinophilic Meningitis Attributable to Angiostrongylus cantonensis Infection in Hawaii: Clinical Characteristics and Potential Exposures AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE Hochberg, N. S., Blackburn, B. G., Park, S. Y., Sejvar, J. J., Effler, P. V., Herwaldt, B. L. 2011; 85 (4): 685-690
The most common infectious cause of eosinophilic meningitis is Angiostrongylus cantonensis, which is transmitted largely by consumption of snails/slugs. We previously identified cases of angiostrongyliasis that occurred in Hawaii from 2001 to 2005; the highest incidence was on the island of Hawaii. We now report symptoms, laboratory parameters, and exposures. Eighteen patients were evaluated; 94% had headache, and 65% had sensory symptoms (paresthesia, hyperesthesia, and/or numbness). These symptoms lasted a median of 17 and 55 days, respectively. Three persons recalled finding a slug in their food/drink. Case-patients on the island of Hawaii were more likely than case-patients on other islands to consume raw homegrown produce in a typical week (89% versus 0%, P < 0.001) and to see snails/slugs on produce (56% versus 0%, P = 0.03). Residents and travelers should be aware of the potential risks of eating uncooked produce in Hawaii, especially if it is from the island of Hawaii and locally grown.
View details for DOI 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-0322
Antiparasitic Therapy MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS Kappagoda, S., Singh, U., Blackburn, B. G. 2011; 86 (6): 561-583
Parasitic diseases affect more than 2 billion people globally and cause substantial morbidity and mortality, particularly among the world's poorest people. This overview focuses on the treatment of the major protozoan and helminth infections in humans. Recent developments in antiparasitic therapy include the expansion of artemisinin-based therapies for malaria, new drugs for soil-transmitted helminths and intestinal protozoa, expansion of the indications for antiparasitic drug treatment in patients with Chagas disease, and the use of combination therapy for leishmaniasis and human African trypanosomiasis.
View details for DOI 10.4065/mcp.2011.0203
West Nile virus encephalitis acquired via liver transplantation and clinical response to intravenous immunoglobulin: case report and review of the literature. Transpl Infect Dis Rhee C, Eaton EF, Concepcion W, Blackburn BG. 2011; 13: 312-7
Soil-Transmitted Helminths: Ascaris, Trichuris, and Hookworm Infections In: Selendy J (ed.) Water and Sanitation Related Diseases and the Environment: Challenges, Interventions and Preventive Measures, 1st Ed. Blackburn BG, Barry M 2011: 81-93
High Prevalence of Wuchereria bancrofti Infection As Detected by Immunochromatographic Card Testing in Five Districts of Orissa, India, Previously Considered to be Non-Endemic Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg Foo PK, Tarozzi A, Mahajan A, Yoong J, Krishnan L, Kopf D, Blackburn BG 2011; 105: 109-14
Parasitic Infections in Cancer Patients: Toxoplasmosis, Strongyloidiasis, and Other Parasites In: Safdar A, ed. Principles and Practice of Cancer Infectious Diseases, Current Clinical Oncology Series. 1st ed. Blackburn BG, Montoya JG 2011; 1: 469-80
Free Living Amebae. In: Mandell G, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds., Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 7th ed. Koshy, A., Blackburn, B. G., Singh, U. 2010; 7: 3427-3436
Travel Medicine In: Bope ET, Rakel RE, Kellerman RD (eds). Conn's Current Therapy 2010. Chary A, Singh U, Blackburn BG 2010; 62: 155-68
Commitment Mechanisms and Compliance with Health-Protecting Behavior: Preliminary Evidence from Orissa, India 121st Annual Meeting of the American-Economic-Association Tarozzi, A., Mahajan, A., Yoong, J., Blackburn, B. AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC. 2009: 231–35
View details for DOI 10.1257/aer.99.2.231
Commitment Mechanisms and Compliance with Health-Protecting Behavior: Preliminary Evidence from Orissa, India. The American economic review Tarozzi, A., Mahajan, A., Yoong, J., Blackburn, B. 2009; 99 (2): 231-5
Review of Travel Medicine, 2nd Ed. Keystone JS, Kozarsky PE, Freedman DO, Nothdurft HO, Connor BA (eds) Clin Infect Dis Barry M, Blackburn BG 2009; 49: 1461
Gram Negative Rods, Gram Positive Organisms, and Pneumonia chapters Practical Guide to the Care of the Surgical Patient (in press) Pang PS, Blackburn BG, Eckburg PB 2009; 1st Ed: 92-7, 98-100, 102-5
Severe Encephalomyelitis in an Immunocompetent Adult with Chromosomally Integrated Human Herpesvirus 6 and Clinical Response to Treatment with Foscarnet plus Ganciclovir Clin Infect Dis Troy SB, Blackburn BG, Yeom K, Finley Caulfield AK, Bhangoo MS, Montoya JG 2008; 47: e93-6
Schistosomiasis Health Information for International Travel 2008 (The Yellow Book) Maguire J, Blackburn B, Montgomery S 2007: 297-301
High prevalence and presumptive treatment of schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis among African refugees Clin Infect Dis Blackburn BG*, Posey DL*, Weinberg M, Flagg EW, Ortega L, Wilson M, Secor WE, Sanders-Lewis K, Won K, Maguire JH 2007; 45: 1310-15
Distribution of Eosinophilic Meningitis Cases Attributable to Angiostrongylus cantonensis, Hawaii Emerg Infect Dis Hochberg NS, Park SY, Blackburn BG, Sejvar JJ, Gaynor K, Chung H, Leniek K, Herwaldt BL, Effler PV 2007; 13: 1675-1680
Full recovery from Baylisascaris procyonis eosinophilic meningitis Emerg Infec Dis Pai PJ, Blackburn BG, Kazacos KR, Warrier RP, Begue RE 2007; 13 (6): 928-930
Microarray detection of human parainfluenzavirus 4 infection associated with respiratory failure in an immunocompetent adult CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES Chiu, C. Y., Rouskin, S., Koshy, A., Urisman, A., Fischer, K., Yagi, S., Schnurr, D., Eckburg, P. B., Tompkins, L. S., Blackburn, B. G., Merker, J. D., Patterson, B. K., Ganem, D., DeRisi, J. L. 2006; 43 (8): E71-E76
A pan-viral DNA microarray, the Virochip (University of California, San Francisco), was used to detect human parainfluenzavirus 4 (HPIV-4) infection in an immunocompetent adult presenting with a life-threatening acute respiratory illness. The virus was identified in an endotracheal aspirate specimen, and the microarray results were confirmed by specific polymerase chain reaction and serological analysis for HPIV-4. Conventional clinical laboratory testing using an extensive panel of microbiological tests failed to yield a diagnosis. This case suggests that the potential severity of disease caused by HPIV-4 in adults may be greater than previously appreciated and illustrates the clinical utility of a microarray for broad-based viral pathogen screening.
Successful integration of insecticide-treated bed net distribution with mass drug administration in Central Nigeria AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE Blackburn, B. G., Eigege, A., Gotau, H., Gerlong, G., Miri, E., Hawley, W. A., Mathieu, E., Richards, F. 2006; 75 (4): 650-655
In Africa anopheline mosquitoes transmit malaria and lymphatic filariasis (LF); insecticide-treated bed nets significantly reduce transmission of both. Insecticide-treated bed net provision to children under 5 (U5) and pregnant women (PW) is a major goal of malaria control initiatives, but use in Africa remains low because of cost and logistics. We therefore integrated insecticide-treated bed net distribution with the 2004 LF/onchocerciasis mass drug administration (MDA) program in Central Nigeria. Community volunteers distributed 38,600 insecticide-treated bed nets, while simultaneously treating 150,800 persons with ivermectin/albendazole (compared with 135,600 in 2003). This was subsequently assessed with a 30-cluster survey. Among surveyed households containing U5/PW, 80% (95% CI, 72-87%) owned > or = 1 insecticide-treated bed net, a 9-fold increase from 2003. This first linkage of insecticide-treated bed net distribution with mass drug administration resulted in substantial improvement in insecticide-treated bed net ownership and usage, without adversely affecting mass drug administration coverage. Such integration allowed two programs to share resources while realizing mutual benefit, and is one model for rapidly improving insecticide-treated bed net coverage objectives.
Urban lymphatic filariasis in central Nigeria ANNALS OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PARASITOLOGY Terranella, A., Eigiege, A., Gontor, I., Dagwa, P., Damishi, S., Miri, E., Blackburn, B., McFarland, D., Zingeser, J., Jinadu, M. Y., Richards, F. O. 2006; 100 (2): 163-172
Wuchereria bancrofti and the other mosquito-borne parasites that cause human lymphatic filariasis (LF) infect over 120 million people world-wide. Global efforts are underway to stop transmission of the parasites, using annual, single-dose mass drug administrations (MDA) to all at-risk populations. Although most MDA to date have been in rural settings, they are also recommended in urban areas of transmission. It remains unclear whether there is significant urban transmission in West Africa, however, and the need for urban MDA in this region therefore remains a matter of debate.Clinic-based surveillance, for the clinical manifestations of LF, has now been used to identify areas of urban transmission of W. bancrofti in Jos, the major urban population centre of Plateau state, Nigeria. The eight clinics investigated were all located in slum areas, close to vector breeding sites, and were therefore considered to serve at-risk populations. Over a 1-month period, selected providers in these clinics sought hydrocele, lymphoedema, elephantiasis, or acute adenolymphangitis among the patients seeking treatment. The consenting patients who were suspected clinical cases of LF, and a cohort of patients suspected to be cases of onchocerciasis, were tested for W. bancrofti antigenaemia. All the patients were asked a series of questions in an attempt to determine if those found antigenaemic could only have been infected in an urban area. During the study, 30 suspected clinical cases of LF were detected and 18 of these (including two patients who were found to be antigenaemic) lived in urban areas. Of the 98 patients with exclusively urban exposure who were tested for filarial antigenaemia, six (6.1%) were found antigenaemic. Clinic-based surveillance appears to be a useful tool for determining if there is W. bancrofti transmission in an urban setting.
View details for DOI 10.1179/136485906X86266
Schistosomiasis and Strongyloidiasis chapters The Red Book Blackburn B 2006; 27th Ed.: 587-88; 629-631
Outbreak of Cryptosporidiosis Associated with Consumption of Ozonated Apple Cider Emerg Infec Dis Blackburn BG, Mazurek J, Hlavsa M, Park J, Tillapaw M, Parrish M, Salehi E, Franks W, Koch E, Smith F, Xiao L, Arrowood M, Hill V, da Silva A, Jones J 2006; 12: 684-686
Emergency survey methods in acute cryptosporidiosis outbreak EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES Fox, L. M., Ocfemia, M. C., Hunt, D. C., Blackburn, B. G., Neises, D., Kent, W. K., Beach, M. J., Pezzino, G. 2005; 11 (5): 729-731
In August 2003, a communitywide outbreak of cryptosporidiosis occurred in Kansas. We conducted a case-control study to assess risk factors associated with Cryptosporidium infection by using the telephone survey infrastructure of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Using existing state-based infrastructure provides an innovative means for investigating acute outbreaks.
Schistosomiasis Health Information for International Travel 2005-2006 (The Yellow Book) Blackburn B, Maguire J 2005: 266-270
Surveillance for waterborne-disease outbreaks associated with recreational water--United States, 2001-2002. Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C. : 2002) Yoder, J. S., Blackburn, B. G., Craun, G. F., Hill, V., Levy, D. A., Chen, N., Lee, S. H., Calderon, R. L., Beach, M. J. 2004; 53 (8): 1-22
Since 1971, CDC, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists have maintained a collaborative surveillance system for collecting and periodically reporting data related to occurrences and causes of waterborne-disease outbreaks (WBDOs) related to drinking water; tabulation of recreational water-associated outbreaks was added to the surveillance system in 1978. This surveillance system is the primary source of data concerning the scope and effects of waterborne disease outbreaks on persons in the United States.This summary includes data on WBDOs associated with recreational water that occurred during January 2001-December 2002 and on a previously unreported outbreak that occurred during 1998.Public health departments in the states, territories, localities, and the Freely Associated States are primarily responsible for detecting and investigating WBDOs and voluntarily reporting them to CDC on a standard form. The surveillance system includes data for outbreaks associated with both drinking water and recreational water; only outbreaks associated with recreational water are reported in this summary.During 2001-2002, a total of 65 WBDOs associated with recreational water were reported by 23 states. These 65 outbreaks caused illness among an estimated 2,536 persons; 61 persons were hospitalized, eight of whom died. This is the largest number of recreational water-associated outbreaks to occur since reporting began in 1978; the number of recreational water-associated outbreaks has increased significantly during this period (p<0.01). Of these 65 outbreaks, 30 (46.2%) involved gastroenteritis. The etiologic agent was identified in 23 (76.7%) of these 30 outbreaks; 18 (60.0%) of the 30 were associated with swimming or wading pools. Eight (12.3%) of the 65 recreational water-associated disease outbreaks were attributed to single cases of primary amebic meningoencephalitis caused by Naegleria fowleri; all eight cases were fatal and were associated with swimming in a lake (n = seven; 87.5%) or river (n = one; 12.5%). Of the 65 outbreaks, 21 (32.3%) involved dermatitis; 20 (95.2%) of these 21 outbreaks were associated with spas or pools. In addition, one outbreak of Pontiac fever associated with a spa was reported to CDC. Four (6.1%) of the 65 outbreaks involved acute respiratory illness associated with chemical exposure at pools.The 30 outbreaks involving gastroenteritis comprised the largest proportion of recreational water-associated outbreaks during this reporting period. These outbreaks were associated most frequently with Cryptosporidium (50.0%) in treated water venues and with toxigenic Escherichia coli (25.0%) and norovirus (25.0%) in freshwater venues. The increase in the number of outbreaks since 1993 could reflect improved surveillance and reporting at the local and state level, a true increase in the number of WBDOs, or a combination of these factors.CDC uses surveillance data to identify the etiologic agents, types of aquatics venues, water-treatment systems, and deficiencies associated with outbreaks and to evaluate the adequacy of efforts (e.g., regulations and public awareness activities) for providing safe recreational water. Surveillance data are also used to establish public health prevention priorities, which might lead to improved water-quality regulations at the local, state, and federal levels.


WCRE is proud to have exclusively represented Jordan Reses Prescription Center, Inc in the leasing of 1,600 square feet of office space at Five Greentree Centre, Marlton, New Jersey.
Jordan Reses Prescription, Inc is dedicated to providing the highest quality national Pharmacy Benefit Management service to the Workers Compensation and Automobile Insurance industries. Jordan Reses has an existing location in Philadelphia and has just expanded their company to the Southern New Jersey Market.
Five Greentree Centre, owned and operated by Tequesta Properties is a Class "A" mid-rise office building prominently located in the heart of the Marlton business district. The building offers several amenities including a café, glass-walled elevators, indoor fitness and 24-hour monitored security system.
Chris Henderson, Associate of WCRE exclusively represented the tenant in this transaction.


text:
Govt taking steps to boost MSMEs, says Nirmala Sitharaman
By Press Trust of India
MSME is the sector which can function normally and strongly face impact of recession.
Speaking at an event at Jaipur , Commerce and Industry minister Nirmala Sitharaman said MSME sector can strongly face the "impact of recession" and the government is taking all necessary steps to support and promote micro, small and medium units.
Efforts are needed for the promotion of the sector and the government is taking all required actions in this direction, she said. She said that women should be encouraged to come forward in this sector.
In Rajasthan, I can see that there many women engaged in the MSME sector and the number of women entrepreneur should be increased further, she said.
Union Minister for Chemical and Fertilizers Ananth Kumar, who was also present at the event, said that the government is working on a MSME policy which will address the interest of the sector. He also said that the government will set up a plastic park on a 100-acre land provided by the State government in which plastic units will be set up.
20,000 youths will get jobs in the units to be set up in the proposed park, he said.
Also read : MSMEs need Rs 5.15 lakh cr to tide over financial crunch: Crisil-Assocham study
Earlier in the day, while addressing a seminar on GST, BJP National General Secretary and MP Bhupendra Yadav said that the government has given its nod to constitute a GST council, which will decide on the tax rate, exempted goods and the threshold under the new taxation regime. The GST is a new concept for the country and will benefit the nation, he said.
GST is for economic justice. Simplification of taxes will benefit the nation and the citizens. This will bring more transparency, he added.
Recently, Finance Minister Arun Jaitley had launched a databank to gather information about micro, small and medium enterprises. Besides this Online Finance Facilitation Centres were set up to provide collective funding options for MSMEs.
Commerce and Industry Minister
GST council
Ananth Kumar
Bhupendra Yadav

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
1. INFORMATION FOR THE USER
COMERCIAL QUÍMICA MASSÓ, S.A. group, hereafter THE RESPONSIBLE PARTY, is the Party Responsible for the treatment of the personal data of the User and informs him or her that these data will be treated in accordance with the provisions of the active regulations in the protection of personal data, the (EU) Regulation 2016/679 of 27 April 2016 (GDPR) relating to the protection of physical persons with regard to the processing of personal data and the free circulation of these data, for which the following data handling information is provided:
Purpose of data handling: maintain a commercial relationship with the User. The operations planned to carry out the data handling are:
Dissemination of commercial advertising communications, provided that it has been previously authorized, by email, fax, SMS, MMS, social communities, or any other electronic or physical means, present or future, that enables commercial communications. These communications will be made by the RESPONSIBLE PARTY and related to its products and services, or to its collaborators or suppliers with whom this party has reached a promotional agreement. In this case, third parties will never have access to personal data.
Conduct statistical studies.
Process commissions, orders, or any type of request that is made by the user through any of the contact forms that are made available to them.
Disseminate the website's newsletter.
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Communication of the data: Comercial Química Massó group will share the data between them and will not be communicated to third parties, except legal obligation.
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Right to file a claim with the Control Authority (agpd.es) if the user considers that the treatment does not comply with current regulations.
Contact information to exercise your rights:
Mailing Address: COMERCIAL QUÍMICA MASSÓ, S.A.. C/ Viladomat, 321 5º 08029 BARCELONA (BARCELONA). Email: datos@cqmasso.com
COMERCIAL QUIMICA MASSÓ S.A. group companies:
COMERCIAL QUÍMICA MASSÓ S.A. c/Viladomat, 321 - 5º 08029 Barcelona CIF: A08109365
PETE ESPECIALITATS, S.L.U. c/Viladomat, 321 - 4º 08029 Barcelona CIF: B64382922
S.Q. FUTUR QUÍMICA S.L.U. c/Viladomat, 321 - 3º 08029 Barcelona CIF: B20454963
SAEQUIM ESPECIALIDADES S.L. c/Viladomat, 319 - 3º 08029 Barcelona CIF: B08310203
CHEMITAL SAU c/Viladomat, 321 - 5º 08029 Barcelona CIF: A58312380
COMERCIAL QUIMICA MASSO, S.A. SUCCURSALE ITALIA Fulvio Testi, 59 20092 Cinisello Balsamo (MILANO) ITALY VAT: IT05140770966
COMERCIAL QUIMICA MASSO, S.A. SUCCURSALE FRANCE Cap 9, 4ème étage-31, rue Gorge de Loup 69009 Lyon FRANCE VAT : FR 71443360474
COMERCIAL QUIMICA MASSO, S.A. Organizacni Slozka Baarova, 1542/48 14000 Praha 4 CZECH REPUBLIC VAT: CZ26748622
COMERCIAL QUIMICA MASSO, S.A. Magyarországi Fioktelepe Máriássy u. 7 1095 Budapest HUNGARY VAT: HU 21515482
COMERCIAL QUIMICA MASSO SPOŁKA AKCYJNA ODDZIAL W POLSCE Ul. Ostrobramska, 101 04041 Warszawa POLAND VAT: PL1132393161
MEDMATEC, S.A.R.L. Cap 9, 4ème étage-31, rue Gorge de Loup 69009 Lyon FRANCE RCS:831326038
COMERCIAL QUIMICA MASSO TURKEY KIMYA TICARET LTD. STI. Gayrettepe mahallesi, Yıldız Posta caddesi, Akın sitesi 2.Blok No:8 D:22 34349 Beşiktaş Istanbul TURKEY CIF: 2110657424
MASSO GUANGZHOU TRADING Co., ltd. Room No. 801, West Tower of Hua Pu Plaza No. 9, Hua Ming Lu, Tianhe Dist. 510623 Guangzhou Post Code: 510623 China NIF: 440101400118803
COMERCIAL QUÍMICA MASSÓ PERÚ, S.A.C. Av. La Encalada Nº 1388, Oficina 601 Centro Empresarial Polo Hunt I Santiago de Surco, Lima 33 PERÚ CIF (R.U.C): 20553549362
CHEMITAL DE MEXICO S de RL de CV Av. De las Partidas 7, Col. Isidro Fabela, Modulo 5, Parque Industrial Lerma,Municipio de Lerma C.P. 52004 Estado de Mexico MEXICO NIF (R.F.C.): CME091007LGI
COMERCIAL QUIMICA MASSO SA. BARCELONA SUCURSALA BUCURESTI
Bucureşti Sectorul 1, Strada Barbu Stefanescu Delavrancea, Nr. 15, Etaj 1 Ap. 3. CP 011351, Romania
COMERCIAL QUIMICA MASSO SOCIEDAD DE RESPONSABILIDAD LIMITADA
Ciudad de San José, Curridabat, seiscientos metros al sur y cincuenta al oeste de la Pops, Edificio Jurexlaw. COSTA RICA
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Users, by marking the corresponding boxes and entering data in the fields marked with an asterisk (*) in the contact form or presented in downloadable forms, expressly, freely, and unequivocally accept that their data are necessary to meet their request from the provider, being voluntary the inclusion of data in the remaining fields. The User guarantees that the personal data provided to the RESPONSIBLE PARTY is true and is responsible for communicating any modification thereof.
The RESPONSIBLE PARTY informs and expressly guarantees users that their personal data will not be transferred in any case to third parties, and that whenever they make any kind of transfer of personal data, the User's express, informed, and unequivocal consent will be requested in advance. All data requested through the website or other means, are mandatory, as they are necessary for the provision of optimal service to the User. In the case that all the data are not provided, it is not guaranteed that the information and services provided will be completely tailored to your needs.
That in accordance with the provisions in the active regulations on personal data protection, the RESPONSIBLE PARTY is complying with all the provisions of the GDPR regulations for the treatment of personal data under its responsibility, and manifestly, with the principles described in article 5 of the GDPR, for which they are handled in a lawful, loyal, and transparent manner in relation to the interested party and are adequate, pertinent, and limited to what is necessary in relation to the purposes for which they are handled.
The RESPONSIBLE PARTY guarantees that it has implemented the appropriate technical and organizational policies to apply the security measures established by the GDPR in order to protect the rights and freedoms of the Users and has communicated the appropriate information so that the users can exercise them.
INFORMATION SOCIETY SERVICES LAW (LSSI)
COMERCIAL QUÍMICA MASSÓ, S.A., responsible for the website, hereinafter DATA PROTECTION OFFICER, makes this document available to users, which is intended to comply with the obligations set out in Law 34/2002, of 11 July, Services of the Information Society and Electronic Commerce (LSSICE), BOE No. 166, and to inform all users of the website about the conditions of use.
Any person who accesses this website assumes the role of user, committing to the observance and strict compliance with the provisions set forth herein, as well as any other legal provision that may be applicable. COMERCIAL QUÍMICA MASSÓ, S.A. reserves the right to modify any type of information that may appear on the website, without any obligation to notify or inform users of such obligations, it being understood that publication on the website of COMERCIAL QUÍMICA MASSÓ, S.A. is sufficient.
1. IDENTIFICATION DATA
Trade Name: COMERCIAL QUÍMICA MASSÓ, S.A.
Company Name: COMERCIAL QUÍMICA MASSÓ, S.A.
NIF: A08109365
Registered office: Viladomat, 321, 5º 8029 BARCELONA
e-mail:datos@cqmasso.com
Registered in the Register (Commercial / Public): Barcelona, in Volume 1034, Folio 9, Page Number 5815
2. INTELLECTUAL AND INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
The website, including but not limited to programming, editing, compilation and other elements necessary for its operation, designs, logos, text and/or graphics, are the property of the DATA PROTECTION OFFICER or, if applicable, has been expressly licensed or authorized by the authors. All the contents of the website are duly protected by intellectual and industrial property laws and registered in the corresponding public registers.
Regardless of the purpose for which they were intended, the total or partial reproduction, use, exploitation, distribution and marketing, requires in any case the prior written authorization of the responsible. Any unauthorised use is considered a serious breach of the author's intellectual or industrial property rights.
The designs, logos, text and/or graphics outside the DATA PROTECTION OFFICER and that may appear on the website belong to their respective owners, being themselves responsible for any possible controversy that may arise with respect to them.
THE DATA PROTECTION OFFICER acknowledges in favour of their owners the corresponding intellectual and industrial property rights, and their mere mention or appearance on the website does not imply the existence of any rights or liability whatsoever, nor does it imply any endorsement, sponsorship or recommendation on their part. To make any kind of observation regarding possible breaches of intellectual or industrial property rights, as well as any of the contents of the website, you can do so via e-mail datos@cqmasso.com
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THE DATA PROTECTION OFFICER disclaims any liability for information published on its website whenever this information has been manipulated or introduced by a third party.
This website may use technical cookies (small information files that the server sends to the
computer of the person accessing the page) to perform certain functions that are considered essential for the proper functioning and display of the site. The cookies used are, in any case, temporary in nature, with the sole purpose of making navigation more efficient, and disappear at the end of the user's session. Under no circumstances do these cookies themselves provide personal data and will not be used for the collection of such data.
Through the use of cookies, it is also possible that the server where the website is located may recognize the browser used by the user in order to make navigation easier, allowing, for example, access by users who have previously registered to the areas, services, promotions or contests reserved exclusively for them without having to register on each visit. They can also be used to measure audience, traffic parameters, monitor the progress and number of entries, etc., in these cases cookies are technically dispensable but beneficial to the user. This website will not install cookies without the prior consent of the user.
The user has the possibility of configuring his browser to be alerted of the reception of cookies and to prevent their installation on his computer. Please consult your browser instructions for further information.
From the website, you may be redirected to third-party content. Given that the DATA PROTECTION OFFICER cannot always control the contents introduced by third parties in their respective websites, he or she does not assume any type of responsibility with regard to said contents. In any case, it will immediately remove any content that may contravene national or international legislation, morality or public order, and will immediately remove the redirection to this website, informing the competent authorities of the content in question.
The DATA PROTECTION OFFICER is not responsible for the information and content stored, including but not limited to, in forums, chats, blog generators, comments, social networks or any other means that allows third parties to publish content independently on the website of THE DATA PROTECTION OFFICER. However, and in compliance with the provisions of Articles 11 and 16 of the LSSICE, it is made available to all users, authorities and security forces, actively collaborating in the withdrawal or, where appropriate, blocking of all content that may affect or contravene national or international legislation, the rights of third parties or morality and public order. In the event that the user considers that there is any content on the website that could be subject to this classification, please notify the website administrator immediately.
This website has been reviewed and tested to ensure that it functions properly. In principle, proper operation can be guaranteed 365 days a year, 24 hours a day. However, the DATA PROTECTION OFFICER does not rule out the possibility that certain programming errors may exist, or that force majeure, natural disasters, strikes or similar circumstances may occur that make access to the website impossible.
For more information, please contact our head office in C/ Viladomat, 321, 5th floor - 08029 Barcelona, Spain or request via e-mail or phone
masso@cqmasso.com
Copyright© Group Comercial Química Massó


text:
#include "rodsClient.h"
#include "reFuncDefs.hpp"
#include "rods.h"
#include "reGlobalsExtern.hpp"
#include "rsGlobalExtern.hpp"
#include "rcGlobalExtern.h"
#include "irods_server_properties.hpp"

extern "C" {

    /**
     * \fn msiobjput_slink(msParam_t*  inMSOPath, msParam_t*  inCacheFilename,  msParam_t*  inFileSize, ruleExecInfo_t* rei )
     *
     * \brief Puts an SLINK object
     *
     * \module msoDrivers_slink
     *
     * \since 3.0
     *
     *
     * \usage See clients/icommands/test/rules/
     *
     * \param[in] inMSOPath - a STR_MS_T path string to external resource
     * \param[in] inCacheFilename - a STR_MS_T cache file containing data to be written out
     * \param[in] inFileSize - a STR_MS_T size of inCacheFilename
     * \param[in,out] rei - The RuleExecInfo structure that is automatically
     *    handled by the rule engine. The user does not include rei as a
     *    parameter in the rule invocation.
     *
     * \DolVarDependence none
     * \DolVarModified none
     * \iCatAttrDependence none
     * \iCatAttrModified none
     * \sideeffect none
     *
     * \return integer
     * \retval 0 on success
     * \pre none
     * \post none
     * \sa none
     **/

    int msiobjput_slink(
        msParam_t*      inMSOPath,
        msParam_t*      inCacheFilename,
        msParam_t*      inFileSize,
        ruleExecInfo_t* rei ) {

        RE_TEST_MACRO( "    Calling msiobjput_slink" );

        /*  check for input parameters */
        if ( inMSOPath ==  NULL ||
                strcmp( inMSOPath->type , STR_MS_T ) != 0 ||
                inMSOPath->inOutStruct == NULL ) {
            return USER_PARAM_TYPE_ERR;
        }

        if ( inCacheFilename ==  NULL ||
                strcmp( inCacheFilename->type , STR_MS_T ) != 0 ||
                inCacheFilename->inOutStruct == NULL ) {
            return USER_PARAM_TYPE_ERR;
        }

        if ( inFileSize ==  NULL ||
                strcmp( inFileSize->type , STR_MS_T ) != 0 ||
                inFileSize->inOutStruct == NULL ) {
            return USER_PARAM_TYPE_ERR;
        }

        /*  coerce input to local variables */
        char * str = strdup( ( char * ) inMSOPath->inOutStruct );
        char * reqStr = strstr( str, ":" );
        if ( reqStr == NULL ) {
            free( str );
            return USER_INPUT_FORMAT_ERR;
        }
        reqStr = reqStr + 1;

        dataObjInp_t dataObjInp;
        memset( &dataObjInp, 0, sizeof( dataObjInp_t ) );
        rstrcpy( dataObjInp.objPath, reqStr, MAX_NAME_LEN );
        addKeyVal( &dataObjInp.condInput, FORCE_FLAG_KW, "" );
        free( str );

        rsComm_t * rsComm = rei->rsComm;
        int outDesc = rsDataObjCreate( rsComm, &dataObjInp );
        if ( outDesc < 0 ) {
            printf( "msiputobj_slink: Unable to open file %s:%i\n", dataObjInp.objPath, outDesc );
            return outDesc;
        }

        /* Read the cache and Do the upload*/
        char * cacheFilename = ( char * ) inCacheFilename->inOutStruct;
        int srcFd = open( cacheFilename, O_RDONLY, 0 );
        if ( srcFd < 0 ) {
            int status = UNIX_FILE_OPEN_ERR - errno;
            printf( "msiputobj_slink: open error for %s, status = %d\n",
                    cacheFilename, status );
            return status;
        }

        int single_buff_sz_in_mb = 0;
        irods::error ret = irods::get_advanced_setting<int>(
                               irods::CFG_MAX_SIZE_FOR_SINGLE_BUFFER,
                               single_buff_sz_in_mb );
        if ( !ret.ok() ) {
            irods::log( PASS( ret ) );
            close( srcFd );
            return ret.code();
        }
        size_t single_buff_sz = single_buff_sz_in_mb * 1024 * 1024;

        size_t dataSize  = atol( ( char * ) inFileSize->inOutStruct );
        if ( dataSize > single_buff_sz ) {
            dataSize = single_buff_sz;
        }

        openedDataObjInp_t dataObjWriteInp;
        memset( &dataObjWriteInp, 0, sizeof( dataObjWriteInp ) );
        dataObjWriteInp.l1descInx = outDesc;

        openedDataObjInp_t dataObjCloseInp;
        memset( &dataObjCloseInp, 0, sizeof( dataObjCloseInp ) );
        dataObjCloseInp.l1descInx = outDesc;

        char * myBuf = ( char * ) malloc( dataSize );
        bytesBuf_t writeBuf;
        writeBuf.buf = myBuf;

        int bytesRead;
        for ( bytesRead = read( srcFd, ( void * ) myBuf, dataSize ); bytesRead > 0;
                bytesRead = read( srcFd, ( void * ) myBuf, dataSize ) ) {
            writeBuf.len = bytesRead;
            dataObjWriteInp.len = bytesRead;
            int bytesWritten = rsDataObjWrite( rsComm, &dataObjWriteInp, &writeBuf );
            if ( bytesWritten != bytesRead ) {
                free( myBuf );
                close( srcFd );
                rsDataObjClose( rsComm, &dataObjCloseInp );
                printf( "msiputobj_slink: Write Error: bytesRead %d != bytesWritten %d\n",
                        bytesRead, bytesWritten );
                return SYS_COPY_LEN_ERR;
            }
        }
        free( myBuf );
        close( srcFd );
        return rsDataObjClose( rsComm, &dataObjCloseInp );
    }

    // =-=-=-=-=-=-=-
    // plugin factory
    irods::ms_table_entry*  plugin_factory( ) {
        // =-=-=-=-=-=-=-
        // instantiate a new msvc plugin
        irods::ms_table_entry* msvc = new irods::ms_table_entry( 3 );

        // =-=-=-=-=-=-=-
        // wire the implementation to the plugin instance
        msvc->add_operation( "msiobjput_slink", "msiobjput_slink" );

        // =-=-=-=-=-=-=-
        // hand it over to the system
        return msvc;

    } // plugin_factory

} // extern "C"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
CONGRATULATIONS TO OUR 2021 GRANT WINNERS
Zukiswa Pakama
Hamburg-Ikhaya lam ngakumlambo iXesi –(Hamburg, my home along the Keiskamma River)
Zukiswa Pakama is a Journalism graduate and an award-winning author who writes youth and children's novels in her mother tongue, isiXhosa, and English. She has published seven books in isiXhosa of which four have won literature awards between 2013 and 2018.
Some of her book titles include: "Hamburg, my home along the Keiskamma River" a non-fiction young adult book that is still in the production process, including "Akulahlwa Mbeleko Ngakufelwa" which was selected by IBBY SA for the IBBY Honour List in 2018 and "Ubuhlobo buka Zazi noLili which is a CAPS approved book and designed for Grade 8 learners.
She has worked as a researcher, language adviser, and translator for various documentary films all over the country.
The book talks about a significant way of life and cultural norms including historical events that took place in this small, beautiful village of Hamburg, which lies along the banks of the Keiskamma river.
Shams Essack
Against the Odds: Memories and insights of 14 of the original shop owners of the Oriental Plaza
Shams Essack is a Johannesburg-born non-fiction writer and corporate communications and digital marketing consultant. She has a Bachelor of Social Work (UB), a Bachelor of Arts (Hons) in Drama and Film and a Master of Arts in Journalism and Media Studies from the University of the Witwatersrand. Shams is a co-founder of the Rosebank Writers Group Jo'burg. She is an editor of the book, Memories of Maru-a-Pula: The First 20 Years, 1972 - 1992. Shams has an interest in capturing institutional and business histories and learnings from first-person stories, interviews and photographs to inform current and future generations. Shams' proposed book is Against the Odds: Memories and insights of 14 of the original shop owners of the Oriental Plaza. The Oriental Plaza is in Fordsburg, Johannesburg and was established in 1971 by the apartheid government to accommodate traders of Indian origin after forcibly removing them from Fietas, Pageview. This book will be a collection of stories and photographs which will pay homage to and capture the poignant history of this unique retail, historical and cultural space and its resilient business owners. It will also be a repository of knowledge and insights from the front-line of retail and veterans of business on how to survive and thrive through on-going uncertain and challenging times.
Richard Conyngham
All Rise: Resistance and Rebellion in South Africa – 1652 – 1910 (Prequel volume)
Richard Conyngham is a writer, researcher and teacher. Originally from Pietermaritzburg, he studied at the universities of Cape Town and Cambridge before working for civil-society organisations Equal Education, The Bookery and Ndifuna Ukwazi, as well as the London publisher Slightly Foxed and the climate-action-training organisation MakeTomorrow. He has written Safety, Justice and People's Power (2016), an illustrated companion to the O'Regan-Pikoli Commission of Inquiry into policing in Khayelitsha, and the collaborative graphic history All Rise: Resistance and Rebellion in South Africa (1910-1948). All Rise: Resistance and Rebellion in South Africa is a collaborative graphic history series, based on little-known court and archival records, that revives stories of resistance by marginalized South Africans against the colonial authorities. The first volume, which spans the 'Union period' of 1910-48, was published by Jacana Media and Catalyst Press in 2021/22 and has since received a star-rating by Kirkus Reviews. Each story is illustrated by a different South African artist and combines a variety of universal issues related to justice and human rights. In a forthcoming follow-up 'prequel' volume, Richard Conyngham seeks to revive six acts of resistance and rebellion from the early colonial period (1652 to the turn of the twentieth century), exploring themes of land dispossession, enslavement, detention without trial and discriminatory tax, among others.
Nangamso Ka NomaHlubi Koza
The History of Kamastone - Ikhaya LoMoya
Koza Nangamso Ka NomaHlubi - Koza is an independent Education Development Strategist, Author, Publisher, Communications Consultant and Community Engagement Practitioner. Ka NomaHlubi - Koza co-published 'South Africa's Great Teachers' (Bookstorm 2011). She published 'UQengwa utyelela ezilalini' through Ingomso (2019), a think tank specialising on strategic development, research, capacity building, and multi-media production she founded. She has since authored 11 children's books for the Nelson Mandela Institute. Ka NomaHlubi- Koza has received many accolades, over years which include but are not limited to being a Mail &Guardian Top 200 South African (2011), Mandela Washington Fellow (2015), Graca Machel Trust Women Leading Africa Network (2019), Atlantic Fellow for Health Equity based at Tekano (2022). This book in centred on interrogating how the establishment of a missionary church in Hewu played a key role in the overall development of the community of villages while contributing significantly to the dispossession of their land. The Methodist Church of Southern Africa in the Hewu (now made up of just under 45 villages) community was established officially in 1851 by a missionary minister, Rev. William Shepstone, and the first traditional leader to convert to Christianity, Chief Khama. This book will investigate the "interactive factors and various forces (religious frontiers, cultural frontiers, political frontiers that were instrumental in the evolution of the race relations" in Hewu with links to Komani. The output will highlight the significant role played by oral historians and traditional archivists who have kept the stories and memories alive.
Nomvuyo Lerato Mzamane
Our Baobabs
Nomvuyo Lerato Mzamane serves as a school start-up specialist and children's multimedia edutainment practitioner. She has written TV and radio scripts for the young, poetry, and short stories. An award-winning educator, leader, professional development expert, children's literature critic and human rights activist with a career spanning three decades across over twenty countries, Nomvuyo's deepest interests are for initiatives that serve the disadvantaged and fragile communities. She is multilingual and holds various degrees in education, business and African Studies. Our Baobabs is a creative nonfiction book about baobab trees, intended mainly for tweens, 10–13-year-olds. The book's subgenres are travel, nature writing, literary journalism, biography, and love letter. The African baobab tree is in a state of crisis; they are perishing, and no one is exactly sure why. Thousand-year-old trees, especially those in southern Africa, have been speedily dying since just the turn of this century. The aim of the book is to entertain and educate young readers, to revolutionise the way children think about trees, and to positively impact how they will act to save anything from extinction. Ultimately, the book invites and guides children into far less conflictual relationships with the natural world, asking adults to either empower them or get out of their way! The author has loved baobab trees since childhood and journeyed to several African countries just to visit baobab trees.
Recces & Repressors: Argentine Influences on Apartheid
Michael Schmidt is a veteran investigative journalist – focusing primarily on African affairs – and the
best-selling author of six non-fiction books on history and political science, the last three of which cover the troubled transitions to democracy in Southern Africa. He has worked in 47 countries on six
continents, producing uniquely ground-breaking and challenging studies on topics ranging from military doctrine to anarcho-syndicalism. He is also a nascent novelist, songwriter, and documentary film-maker. Schmidt's acclaimed book Death Flight: Apartheid's Secret Doctrine of Disappearance (Tafelberg, 2020) detailed how an ultra-secret Special Forces unit murdered perhaps an estimated 420 anti-apartheid detainees and dumped their bodies in the oceans from light aircraft, Argentine style – and how the ANC protected the perpetrators from prosecution. This led to him being appointed by the human rights offices within the Argentine ministries of Defence and Foreign Affairs to run a research project on how the Argentine Junta of 1976-1983 influenced the apartheid state. One of the projected outcomes of this self-funded project is a book, Recces & Repressors: Argentine Influences on Apartheid, which will examine the military, political, religious, economic, and social ties between these two pariah states at the height of their hubris. The book will be based on archival research and face-to-face interviews with military and other veterans which the ANFASA grant will enable.
Lorato Trok
The quest to preserve a dying language: The Ouma Katrina Story, The Katrina Esau Story
Lorato Trok is an early literacy expert in developing reading for pleasure books for young children and teens. She has more than 20 years' experience in publishing, writing, editing, translation and story development in children's and young adults' literature. Lorato is on the Executive Committee of IBBY South Africa responsible for membership drive, IBBY South Africa Reviews Chair and a board member of the Pan South African Language Board (Setswana National Language Body). In July 2022 she was appointed to the National Book Policy Task Team by the Minister of Sport, Arts and Culture (South Africa) on a two-year term.
The story of Ouma Katrina Esau is a compelling story of an 89-year-old who never wavered in ensuring that her almost extinct language was saved. With no formal literacy skills, she opened a school in her neighbourhood, teaching young children her language and the cultural practices of the Khoi people in order to preserve her Nluu language through the next generation.
Gopolang Botlhokwane
We Built This City: A Memoir /Biography/Portrait of Motswako
Gopolang Botlhokwane is a Journalist and Cultural Critic, with an interest in social justice, migration, and culture. Botlhokwane's journalism has appeared in the Mail and Guardian and The Daily Vox. Botlhokwane was a 2022 North West Vodacom Journalist of the Year Regional Nominee for his depiction of the lives of homeless and unemployed men in his hometown of Mahikeng. He has written and continues to write extensively about Motswako and the legacies of the subgenre. Lucas Mangope's Bophuthatswana's powerful state sponsored cultural and sporting programs made it possible for many working-class youths in and around the North West Province to defy the limitations of their environments. Through Bophuthatswana cultural programs many would come to be respected professionals in their various sporting and arts fields. But the collapse of Bophuthatswana and the failure to maintain many of those programs – and the corruption that came with the transition to democracy in 1994 meant that young people were effectively robbed of platforms to harness their talents and express themselves. It was out of a frustration with Neoliberal state policies that failed to maintain the effectiveness of whatever was left of those programs and safeguard the aspirations of the youth in the democratic dispensation that the social movement and hip hop sub-genre known as Motswako was born. In We Built This City: A Memoir/Biography /Portrait of Motswako, Botlhokwane traces the rise of the movement and considers the socio-political context that made it a possibility and its implications on the lives of the men and women who shaped it's sound.
Mathene Mahanke
The Sesotho short story: Definition, Development and Deployment
Mathene Mahanke was born in Qwaqwa, in the Free State, where he grew up and taught at the Qwaqwa campus of the University of the Free State. He is currently the Head of Language Services in the Free State provincial government. He has written 5 books, contributed chapters in 3 books and has, also, written 3 radio plays. He co-authored a proposal that earned the late Dr KPD Maphalla an Ikhamanga Award (in gold). Dr Mahanke holds an MA (cum laude) and a PhD degree in Language Studies from the University of the Free State. He is an accredited professional translator.
The work, Sesotho short stories, is a PhD thesis studying the Sesotho short story defining characteristics, development and use as a vehicle for social comment. A polysytemic approach has been employed in the discussion of themes; intertextuality in the explanation of the origin of Sesotho short story, and the 'three worlds' approach to show how stories are translated into moral lessons. We find that the Sesotho short story as an offshoot of the folktale and the culture of the preliterate era breaks away, in the fifties, to address matters of immediate importance to man, like freedom and death. This pattern goes on into the nineties. Moving away from art for art's sake, the Sesotho short story has shown that it avails itself for use as a tool for social comment, thus contributing to social cohesion and nation building.
Bonita Bennett
Memory, heritage, and spaces between a District Six Museum Biography
Bonita Bennett has been active in the memory and museum sector for over 20 years and holds a Doctorate in Historical and Heritage Studies. She currently works as independent consultant, with her last fulltime position having been as Director of the District Six Museum in Cape Town where she remains engaged as a research associate and as a member of its board of trustees. This book is a biographical account of the origins, growth and ongoing development of District Six Museum (D6M) in Cape Town, South Africa. It locates the museum's work at the intersection of activism and public history and presents it as a significant example of how a community has been empowered through the mobilisation of its memory. It affirms the value inherent in memory work, demonstrating that it can create empowering pathways through which to activate personal, community and by extension, national healing – the latter being a constant underlying theme of South Africa's journey to deepen its rights-based democracy. This organisational biography is framed within the contexts of the post-apartheid commitments to land restitution, as well as the recommendations of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission that memorialisation be considered as one of the country's tools of symbolic reparations.
Dr Maria Suriano
A rare gift to the struggle: Ma Vesta Smith and the everyday politics of liberation
I am a social, cultural and intellectual historian of Africa and I am based at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. My research interests include life history writing, the national and transnational dimensions of the anti-apartheid struggle, popular culture and print cultures. I have published various essays in peer-reviewed edited books and in leading journals such as the Journal of Southern African Studies and Africa: Journal of the International African Institute.
This project charts the life of Vesta Smith (née Mpama; Johannesburg, 1922-2013), fondly known as Ma Vesta or Ma Vee, a brave and feisty activist whose Christianity was the driving force behind her constant search for social justice. She underwent forced removals to the coloured area of Noordgesig (Soweto), participated in the Women's March, supported the Black Consciousness Movement and the Soweto uprising, was a political prisoner in 1976 and 1986, worked at the Legal Resources Centre and remained a community worker (she refused to be called 'community leader') until late in her life.
In seeking to expand our understanding of the liberation struggle beyond the experiences of prominent men and the organisations they led, the project suggests that looking at Ma Vesta as an "unsung hero" is not the most productive way to do justice to her contributions. She should be characterised as having been in the background by choice, and as someone whose constant presence as a facilitator of connections kept alive key networks of support, enabled intergenerational dialogue and made progressive organisations work.
Mkutaji wa njia
Capha – Part 1: Mama
Mkutaji wa njia is a multidisciplinary being who uses art as a tool to dance with her curiosity. Currently, she can be described as a writer, creative producer and movement artist. Her most recent projects include EmBody (2021/22), supported by the British Council SSA Cultural Exchange and a research fellowship with the Visual Arts Network of South Africa (VANSA). She was a recipient of the Good Story Grant awarded by the Good Story Company (US) and a curatorial residency with Instituto Inclusartiz, Rio de Janeiro (2022). mkutaji currently lives and works in Johannesburg, South Africa. A number of ancient origin stories recount the beginning of all creation to primordial waters. For the Bantu of Kongo in Central Africa, Nommo is the embodiment of the fertile fluid that created all living things. Water is used in many African and indigenous communities as a transmitter into individual and collective healing, ritual performance and channelling connections with the unknown. My curiosity into the connections between water as a sacred body and our dependence on it as the human community has led me to this project. Capha is a performance and literary project that explores the creative and regenerative power of water and how it influences human beings not only on the physical plane, but as a cosmic and spiritual channel that indigenous and contemporary communities use to connect to the Divine. In this project I tap into collective indigenous knowledge systems to further
understand the embodied wisdom of water.
Carlos Mesquita
Being! becoming! Belonging! (My lived experience as homeless man as a contribution to ending chronic homelessness)
Carlos Mesquita, former SAMA award winning record company owner becomes homeless and lives on the streets of Cape Town for 6 years.
Covid-19 meant Strandfontein, Cape Town's now notorious camp for the homeless.
With 7 others, he fought the City of Cape Town and won on behalf of the homeless.
Emerging from homelessness, he made a commitment to pay forward the blessing bestowed upon him that saw him leave the streets.
He has during the past two and a half years become a sought after speaker and contributor to many a discussion and convention on homelessness both in South Africa and abroad.
He opened two independent living spaces for the homeless, conceptualised the in Homeless Action Coalition which advocates for the homeless and whose board includes 50% homeless individuals.
Carlos was also appointed Cape Town's leading newspaper, The Cape Argus' weekly columnist on homelessness two years ago.
He reserves most of his time to developing new projects and programs to uplift, empower and employ those still living on the streets and a portion of what he earns as a consultant goes directly into funding dignified accommodation for people living on the streets.
His every action is also aimed at changing the public's perception of people living on the streets and ensuring we all work together towards ending chronic homelessness.
"I am hoping the book, Being! Becoming! Belonging! (My journey into homelessness and beyond) will, by virtue of my lived experience, make a positive contribution towards ending chronic homelessness.
I see the book as yet another blessing that has come my way in order for me to reach more people with my story and in so doing, contribute to a change in public opinion about those that live on the streets and that that it will lead us to one day ending chronic homelessness.
The book is a collection of some of my columns written over the past two years for the Cape Argus, which I have blended in and added narrative to, in order to tell not only my story but the story of thousands of other people living on our streets.
I also share information that the public often lacks in terms of current policies and strategies on homelessness in a manner that will hopefully entice the reader to read this very important information.
I also share the road that I and others have traveled since leaving the streets and hopefully manage to show how important it is for society as a whole to become aware of the theory of Being, Becoming, Belonging in relation to a homeless person transitioning back into society and making that transition successful and sustainable.


"Your resting brain CAREs about your risky behavior" by Christine Cox, Kristin Gotimer et al.
Background: Research on the neural correlates of risk-related behaviors and personality traits has provided insight into mechanisms underlying both normal and pathological decision-making. Task-based neuroimaging studies implicate a distributed network of brain regions in risky decision-making. What remains to be understood are the interactions between these regions and their relation to individual differences in personality variables associated with real-world risk-taking. Methodology/Principal Findings: We employed resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (R-fMRI) and resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) methods to investigate differences in the brain's intrinsic functional architecture associated with beliefs about the consequences of risky behavior. We obtained an individual measure of expected benefit from engaging in risky behavior, indicating a risk seeking or risk-averse personality, for each of 21 participants from whom we also collected a series of R-fMRI scans. The expected benefit scores were entered in statistical models assessing the RSFC of brain regions consistently implicated in both the evaluation of risk and reward, and cognitive control (i.e., orbitofrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, lateral prefrontal cortex, dorsal anterior cingulate). We specifically focused on significant brainbehavior relationships that were stable across R-fMRI scans collected one year apart. Two stable expected benefit-RSFC relationships were observed: decreased expected benefit (increased risk-aversion) was associated with 1) stronger positive functional connectivity between right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and right insula, and 2) weaker negative functional connectivity between left nucleus accumbens and right parieto-occipital cortex. Conclusions/Significance: Task-based activation in the IFG and insula has been associated with risk-aversion, while activation in the nucleus accumbens and parietal cortex has been associated with both risk seeking and risk-averse tendencies. Our results suggest that individual differences in attitudes toward risk-taking are reflected in the brain's functional architecture and may have implications for engaging in real-world risky behaviors.
Cox, C.L., Gotimer, K., Roy, A.K., Castellanos, F.X., Milham, M.P., & Kelly, C. (2010). Your resting brain CAREs about your risky behavior. PLoS One, 19, e12296.


text:
Bonaldo: Peanut B, 10 years of real comfort - Press Agency - Ergo Online
Communication in
#design, #lifestyle and #architecture
Bonaldo: Peanut B, 10 years of real comfort
Posted in Furniture, Bonaldo on Thursday, 26 July 2018
Tags: 10 years | 10th anniversary | Bonaldo | design | furniture | Italian design | Made in Italy | Mauro Lipparini | Peanut Air | Peanut B | sofa
Peanut B by Bonaldoimage 1 of 22
Peanut B by Bonaldoimage 10 of 22
Peanut Air by Bonaldoimage 12 of 22
Bonaldo@Courtyard by Marriott® Brnoimage 15 of 22
Bonaldo@Elle Decor style consultancy_photo by Ben Andersimage 17 of 22
Bonaldo@Grande Fratello 2018image 19 of 22
Bonaldo@KAO Goldwell_Amsterdam_project by Guy Sarlemijnimage 21 of 22
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www.bonaldo.it
Ten years ago, the Italian brand Bonaldo launched Peanut B sofa, which this year celebrates its 10th anniversary.
Actually, it was in 2006 that architect Mauro Lipparini began to design this modular sofa. After approximately two years of studies, in 2008 Peanut B was officially presented by Bonaldo and it has become one of the brand's most popular products, with over 4,000 pieces sold so far.
The Peanut B collection comprises many elements that can be freely combined, including three poufs, thus making possible the most varied compositions. Indeed, it is owing to this modularity that the sofa blends in seamlessly with any space or style, allowing the user to choose the best option, the final aesthetic look and the function, giving great freedom of customisation. The result is a "socialising" sofa, capable of creating collective spaces.
You can find more information about Peanut B in the press release.
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