• As a "for cause" audit to investigate concerns over the control, compliance and conformance of a manufacturer.
Regulatory agency audits are often feared by pharmaceutical companies, but with appropriate, tailored preparation and management, audits can be conducted smoothly. Anticipating problems before they are highlighted by inspectors, and ensuring corrective actions to address areas of weakness have been documented and corrective actions are in place, can avoid potentially damaging regulatory action.
Self-Audits ensure companies are prepared and ready for a formal audit, they are independently performed by qualified vendors in order to assess whether the appropriate systems and processes have been implemented and are being followed to provide satisfactory pharmaceutical, biopharmaceutical, healthcare and medical devices products. These audits ensure that an organisation is following the legal and regulatory requirements as laid down by the The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the US, The European Medicines Agency (EMA) in the EU or any other relevant competent authority.
System Audits – these assess how a company operates using processes and systems. Each company has a range of systems designed for their specific business operations. These can be IT / IS systems including databases, Quality Systems, etc.
Product / Departmental Audits – these assess the wide range of departments involved in the manufacture, testing and release of a product within a pharmaceutical company. Regular auditing ensures on-going compliance to company and regulatory systems and procedures. Post-marketing surveillance for pharmacovigilance is performed to confirm that a product continues to be free from any unknown side-effects and complies with the regulations laid down by the FDA or EMA.
Compliance / Quality audits (or Self-Audits) – these allow companies to perform internal audits on their manufacturing facilities and operations in order to confirm compliance to cGMP. These audits assess all areas mandated by cGMP regulations including; Quality Systems (Change Control, OOS, Deviations, Training, etc. ), manufacturing processes, facilities, utilities, equipment, method validation, etc. These self-audits help companies prepare for Regulatory, GMP, or clinical audits, and in particular for agency Pre-Approval Inspections.
Conformance Audits or Product Conformance is the on-going maintenance of the Marketing Authorisation (MA) and the avoidance of Registration Drift. A key element to the maintenance of the MA is the robust implementation of Change Control throughout the business to ensure appropriate controls are in place for on-going product conformation. Registration Drift occurs when there is a loss of synchronicity between an MA and the manufacturing, testing and release activities.
Regulatory Audits or Regulatory Self-Audits, demonstrate adequate levels of control over Regulatory Systems, such as MA visibility, MA Change Control, Regulatory Commitments Tracking, License Variations Tracking, and other bespoke systems and procedures designed around the company's business operations.
Woodley BioReg holds and maintains its own GMP licence and provides on-going support to companies with a full range of tailored internal self-audits. WBR always works to the latest legislations and regulations and our highly experienced Regulatory Affairs and Quality Assurance consultants have a strong track record of delivering pragmatic solutions to ensure problems are quickly identified and fixed.
Woodley BioReg also provides assessment on the level of Product Conformance and Registration Drift, through Gap Analysis, offering full license remediation services and tailored sustainable maintenance solutions, to ensure on-going Conformance.
For more help and advice on Audits please contact us.


The Sims on Facebook have updated their page with a new render that shows off some never-before-seen game content. Included is a futuristic outfit, a Policeman's outfit, and a brand new Celebration Gnome who sports a "15" on his hat. The Sims' 15-year anniversary will be celebrated on February 4th, 2015.
Previous articleSimsVIP's Sims 4 Outdoor Retreat Giveaway Winners!


If Gove Really Was Going Back To The 1940s….
When Rab Butler was summoned by Churchill to be informed of his new position as President of the Board of Education, Churchill was typically forthright.
Am now getting near the end of Rab Butler's autobiography. The later chapters mostly cover his time as Chancellor and working in the Home and Foreign office. The chapter on his role as Education Minister retold his involvement in the 1944 Education Act and I thought it was worth recounting that process because of the insight it gives into the passing of education bills.
The 1944 Education Act is considered one of the most significant education reforms of the 20th century. But it was not supposed to be this way. Eight years earlier the 1936 Education Act laid down the same law now associated with the '44 act: that every child should remain in school until aged 15. With a three year lead-in period the policy was due to start on 1st September 1939. On that day, Germany invaded Poland.
The perils of war rained hard on the education system. Evacuation, loss of male teachers, the use of school buildings for war ministries, all meant countless interruption. Educational operations could at best be called 'hazy' during this time. The poverty and lack of literacy among the inner-city children bundled off to the doorsteps of the wealthier also brought a growing awareness of England's educational inequalities. Not for the first time education became the rally cry for anyone who wanted to improve these children's futures, and so it was that Butler was handed the job of preparing for a better situation once the war was won. [The idea that England would not be the ultimate victors appears never to have entered Butler's mind].
In June 1941 he published "The Green Book" – a plan for a 'multilateral' schooling system that would abolish 'extreme inequality of wealth and possessions'. The NUT responded with their own "Dark Green Book" and the Directors and Secretaries Association published an "Orange Book" giving their views on the matter. Coloured books were clearly the blogging of its day.
More inclined than later secretaries to listen, Butler took the books seriously and attempted to move his position.
Unfortunately, not everyone was pleased by his actions. Churchill sent a letter on the 13th September 1941 stating: "I certainly cannot contemplate a new Education Bill." Churchill was concerned that any quality education system threatening private schools would be a distraction right at the time he needed the elites most. He was probably right. Butler henceforth laid off the public schools (he had previously suggested integrating them) but continued writing his Bill.
A thornier problem was that of the 'provided' and 'non-provided' schools. In the 19th century most schools were operated by voluntary bodies who raised money from public subscriptions. From 1833 the State also provided funds to 'assist' the schools. By the early 1900s the largest voluntary provider, the Church of England, educated nearly two million children. However, two and a half million were also by this point educated in local government schools. If church schools needed money for new buildings, or to pay more teachers, they were given money by the state, however attending religious school was only possible if you of that faith. Taxpayers then asked: Why should the state fund schools that our child (of a different religion) cannot attend? [That it took England so long to become annoyed by this is fascinating; America had a similar debate a hundred years previously].
The debate had rumbled on, but by the 1940s Church of England schools were now the ones most in need of repair. Many had too few pupils to be economical. And the discriminatory policies the schools had towards teachers, often underpinned by racist tendencies, irked the NUT. Butler knew that in a post-WWII world, where money was tight and needs high, handing over cash for the necessary repairs to CoE schools considered discriminatory and elitist was going to split spleens.
The Roman Catholic church, however, was less concilliatory. They called the new curriculum 'Disembodied Christianity' and argued they had not spent millions building schools in the 19th century to simply hand them over to the council. It was a fair point.
Butler's next compromise bestowed two new phrases on our educational landscape. He offered Church schooles the choice of becoming either 'controlled' or 'aided'. If 'controlled' the LEA would be responsible for all the school's costs, the appointment of teachers, and the children would be taught the 'County Council Creed'. If a religious school chose the 'aided' path then the LEA was responsible for teacher salaries and the running of the school, but managers were responsible for alterations to bring the building up to standard. On the plus side aided schools could hire and fire all teachers at will, and could teach religion as they wished.
Still, the churches would not play nicely.
At least, not until Butler revealed the hard facts. Over 90% of Church Schools were 40+ years old and the Church simply did not have enough money for their upkeep. They, and Rab, knew it. Butler's deal was a solid one: the ones who shifted to the LEA got their curriculum and retained choice over their leaders but the building costs were sucked up by the LEA who could quell the baying crowds by explaining that they now had control over recruitment, admissions, etc.
All was exciting and the passing of the Act finally looked assured. It was only then that Butler got a phone call. He had finally – after years of waiting – been considered for the role of Viceroy to India, his dream job, and was asked if he might wish to take it?


What cron jobs must I enable?
There are two cron files currently available in the script (unless you had others added). They are both located in the admin/ directory.
cronPublish.php - Each time this is executed, x number of video gets published from the publish queue. In the config file, you can specify the number of videos to get published each time this is run.
xml_cron.php - This file will download videos from your added xml feeds to the approval queue.
You do not *have* to enable these crons. They are optional depending on how you want to run your site.


9/30/2004 What Can Funds Learn From BD Marketing Strategies?
9/30/2004 Attention Getting, or Just Too Much Trading?
9/27/2004 What Motivates the SEC?
9/27/2004 Is Marsico Safe From Cuts?
9/22/2004 Vanguard is Hiring, a Sign of Good Times?
9/17/2004 Seen and Heard: Did Fund Companies Experience Success at the FPA?
9/17/2004 Is There Anything to the Amvescap Sale Rumors?
9/14/2004 Are Investment Managers in the '00s Like Oil Companies in the '80s?
9/7/2004 How Low Can You (Temporarily) Go?
9/7/2004 Is the Fox Trying to Guard the Henhouse in Singapore?
9/3/2004 The Spitzer Four: Where Are They Now?
9/1/2004 More Uproar in Store for Mile High?
8/26/2004 ABN Amro? What Does That Mean?
8/25/2004 GOP Mission Accomplished at the ICI?
8/24/2004 Are Retail Investors Leaving Stock Funds?
8/24/2004 529 Plan Assets are Booming, but Why?
8/19/2004 What is the Difference Between a Broker and an Advisor?
8/6/2004 Morningstar to Evergreen: What Are You Hiding?
8/5/2004 Will the NASD Go Lightly on Piper Jaffray?
8/3/2004 Will a Rydex-Merrill Combo Result in a High IQ?
7/9/2004 What is Primecap Thinking?
7/7/2004 Can AMEX Convince Someone to Take the Leap?


Péter as a developer wins a huge amount of experience in an international company. He is mainly responsible for the support of clients from Hungary. He spends his leisure time with cycling or in CrossFit gym.


Our comprehensive roll forming services and training courses can be customized to meet your complex needs. When that isn't enough, we offer hands-on training at your facility, right on your equipment.
Our engineers use advanced simulation software to evaluate forming progression and tooling design to provide the best solution at the best cost.
We use our custom software to explore design and materials before manufacturing begins – a key step in meeting delivery requirements and first-time performance.
Our tooling setup package includes standard operating procedures, detailed tooling drawings and the roll tryout record to get your mill up and running quickly.
Our engineers offer one-on-one consultations, as well as hands-on education and training to enhance your process, equipment and productivity.


Kenya's chief justice warns President Kenyatta – Royal Times of Nigeria.
Kenya's chief justice has warned President Uhuru Kenyatta not to undermine public confidence in the judiciary.
Kenyatta had earlier responded to a court victory for the opposition against Kenya's Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC) by cautioning against any use of the court process to delay the elections.
"They are taking us for fools," he told an election rally in the western county of Baringo, referring to the judiciary.
"I want to tell those in courts, we have respected you. But do not think respect is cowardice.
Kenya experience violent clashes that killed no fewer than 1,200 people following a disputed election in 2007.
Some fear a repeat following the Aug. 8 polls in which Kenyatta is seeking a second and final five-year term.
Kenyans are also due to choose legislators and local representatives for the first time since 2013, when the elections passed peacefully after the opposition challenged the results in court.
The opposition has already brought a flurry of cases against the electoral commission, including the one settled on Friday when the high court ruled that contract to print ballot papers for the presidential poll had not been awarded transparently.
Kenyatta's chief rival is veteran opposition leader Raila Odinga, the head of the National Super Alliance, who was also the opposition candidate in both 2007 and 2013.


Made in the USA is a memorable salute to Americana, from the Big Band Era, to the turbulent '60s, and on to the 1990s. The emotions of war years are often reflected in the music of its era. It is the music that we pay tribute to in Made in the USA.


text:
Q: Highlight only one Card in Compose through selection i have a Compose LazyColumnList which shows the content (from a List) in single cards. I want to highlight the selected card only. Now when i select another card, the first card stays highlighted.
Here is the code:
...
LazyColumn(
               contentPadding = PaddingValues(horizontal = 16.dp, vertical = 8.dp)
    ) {
        items(
            items = sql_quran,
            itemContent = { SurahListItem(quran_einzeln = it, navController)
            })
    }

@Composable
fun SurahListItem(
    quran_einzeln: ItemData_quran,
    navController: NavController,
) {

var selectedCard by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }
var cardColor = if (selectedCard) Blue else White;

// var cardColor= if (selectedCard) LightGray else White
Card(
    modifier = Modifier.padding(horizontal = 8.dp, vertical = 8.dp).fillMaxWidth().fillMaxSize(),
    elevation = 2.dp,
    shape = RoundedCornerShape(corner = CornerSize(16.dp)),
    backgroundColor = cardColor,
    onClick = {
        selectedCard=!selectedCard
    }

)

A: All state changes are happening locally within your SurahListItem and nothing tells your LazyColumn to perform any updates to its item children every time you click one of them.
I can't compile your entire code, so I just assumed some parts of it resulting to the codes below. I hoisted the "selection state" that you want one level above from your SurahListItem and have the composable that contains the LazyColumn do the updates.
You can copy-and-paste all of these in a single .kt file and you'll be able to run it separately from some root composable screen/content.
data class ItemData_quran(val content: String)

@Composable
fun MyCards( sql_quran: List<ItemData_quran>) {

    var selectedItem by remember {
        mutableStateOf<ItemData_quran?>(null)
    }

    LazyColumn(
        contentPadding = PaddingValues(horizontal = 16.dp, vertical = 8.dp)
    ) {
        items(
            items = sql_quran,
            itemContent = { surah ->
                SurahListItem(
                    quran_einzeln = surah,
                    setSelected = selectedItem?.let {
                        surah.content == it.content
                    } ?: false
                ) {
                    selectedItem = it
                }
            }
        )
    }
}

@OptIn(ExperimentalMaterialApi::class)
@Composable
fun SurahListItem(
    quran_einzeln: ItemData_quran,
    setSelected: Boolean,
    isSelected: (ItemData_quran?) -> Unit
) {

    val cardColor = if (setSelected) Blue else White

    Card(
        modifier = Modifier
            .padding(horizontal = 8.dp, vertical = 8.dp)
            .wrapContentSize(),
        elevation = 2.dp,
        shape = RoundedCornerShape(corner = CornerSize(16.dp)),
        backgroundColor = cardColor,
        onClick = {
            isSelected(if(!setSelected) quran_einzeln else null)
        }
    ) {
        Box(
            modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
            contentAlignment = Alignment.Center
        ) {
            Text(text  = quran_einzeln.content)
        }
    }
}

Usage:
MyCards(
    listOf(
            ItemData_quran("Item 1"),
            ItemData_quran("Item 2"),
            ItemData_quran("Item 3"),
            ItemData_quran("Item 4"),
            ItemData_quran("Item 5"),
            ItemData_quran("Item 6"),
            ItemData_quran("Item 7"),
          )
)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


I was asked by Seb Henry-Jones to participate in group show 'EXO' showing at Tributary Projects in Canberra (AU). The exhibition ran from the 11th to the 22nd July 2018. My piece was a short comic 'Desert Alchemy' printed on silk.
All photos by Esther Carlin .


text:
'use strict';

const mongoose = require('mongoose'),
  Schema = mongoose.Schema;

var player = new Schema({
  createdAt: { type: Date, default: Date.now },
  uid: String,
  name: { type: String, index: true },
  status: String,
  room: { type: Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: 'Room' },
  friends: [{ type: Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: 'Player' }]
});

mongoose.model('Player', player);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Public health and public safety leaders gathered in Carmel to find ways to collaborate to address the opioid epidemic in Hoosier communities.
Indiana State Department of Health Commissioner Kristina Box says many are responding to the addiction crisis in Indiana.
A new report tested common school supplies like crayons and binders and finds a few products have toxins that are known to cause health problems.
Two Indiana agencies named new chief medical officers, or CMOs, to lead efforts to improve the health of Hoosiers.
More than $10 million will go to schools in Marion County to establish substance abuse prevention programs. The grants will support evidence-based prevention as well as social and emotional learning.


"Crackdown™ pushes the action-driving hybrid genre into the next generation with the first ever truly 3-D playground. Enforce justice by any means necessary in Pacific City, a crime-ridden urban center primed to explode and ready for you to explore. Enter an interactive world where anything can be used as a weapon as you clean up the streets the only way you know how. Your way."


text:
Multnomah (?)
Lower Columbia River, Washington or Oregon
Pre-Contact
elk antler
Inventory # CN4313-153
Please contact the gallery for more information.
no restoration or repair
Reportedly found at the St. John site Lower Columbia River, in 1961 by Ray Hofferber, Tigard, Oregon
Bill Henderson, Olympia, Washington
Donald Ellis Gallery, Dundas, ON
Private collection, Toronto, ON
Donald Ellis Gallery catalogue, Toronto, 2003, pg. 5
Burke Museum, No. 2-3844 – See: A Time of Gathering, Wright, University of WA Press, Seattle, 1991, pl. 77
Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Cat. No. 87603 – See: Feder, Norman. American Indian Art (shorter edition). New York: Harry N. Abrams Inc., 1973, fig. 102
Chicago Natural History Museum, No. 19693 - See: American Indian Sculpture, Wingert, Hacker Art Books, New York, 1976, pl. 61 (1) for a horn dish displaying a skeletal figure holding a wand
Some of the most elegantly simple and beautiful sculptures from the Northwest Coast originated on the Lower Columbia River in the territory of Chinookian speaking peoples. These groups include the Chinook proper, the Cathlamet, the Multnomah and others who lived below The Cascades. This intriguing bone object, said to have been found east of Sauvies Island on the Columbia River, may have originated from the Multnomah, whose territories were in that region.
The encroachment of Euro-Americans during the exploration period beginning in the late 18th century caused great distress to Chinookian peoples. Smallpox, malaria and other unfamiliar diseases took a huge toll on these cultures. The Multnomah succumbed almost entirely to malaria in the 1830's, and the few who did survive were taken in by neighboring tribes.
The true function of this object is not known, as its fragmentary state does little to describe its former purpose. It may have been the property of a shaman practitioner, perhaps part of a staff or wand. The well-defined yet shallow relief of the sculpture reveals a humanoid spirit image that appears to combine a human-like body form with a head that is equally human and amphibian in appearance. The prominent brow, eyes and central nose line is typical of Chinookian face sculpture, while the geometric treatment of the ribs and appendages has a softer, more rounded feel than many of the Columbia River artifacts from farther upriver. Perhaps it is this aspect that contributes to the lively, animated impression one receives from this elegant, yet mysterious object.
Wishram (?)
Washington State or Oregon
Grease Dish
Haida Gwaii, British Columbia
ca. 1840-60
See All Northwest Coast

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Trump signs rare bipartisan bill on criminal justice in week of acrimony over budget
WASHINGTON – President Donald Trump signed a sweeping criminal justice measure on Friday intended to reduce the number of people in prison, marking a rare legislative win for an administration otherwise ensnared in partisan gridlock.
The legislation, which Trump embraced despite concerns from some allies that it would make Republicans appear weak on crime, secured wide approval in Congress. In an unusual development, Democrats and Republicans have praised each other's work on the bill even as they have fought bitterly on issues from border security to the budget.
"Criminal justice reform – everybody said it couldn't be done," Trump said during a signing ceremony in the Oval Office.
But while the president was basking in a moment of cooperation on criminal justice, his administration was locked in a bitter fight with congressional Democrats over government funding. Facing a midnight deadline to approve a spending bill or risk a partial shutdown of federal agencies, Trump signaled he was prepared to dig in.
"It's totally up to the Democrats as to whether or not" there is a shutdown, he said.
The measure, known as the "First Step Act," would give judges more discretion in sentencing offenders for nonviolent crimes, particularly drug offenses, and strengthen rehabilitation programs for former prisoners. It would also call for placing federal prisoners closer to home – no more than 500 miles – so families could visit more often.
Criminal justice became a central issue for Trump's son-in-law and adviser, Jared Kushner, who lobbied lawmakers on Capitol Hill to secure its passage. In brief remarks in the Oval Office, Kushner praised others involved in the effort.
"This really took an army of a lot of other people," he said.
More:Criminal justice bill passes House, heads to President Trump for his signature
More:Trump says he's prepared for a long government shutdown as deadline looms
Supporters say the changes will reduce strains on the nation's crowded prisons while reducing recidivism by expanding programs that support former inmates when they return home. Advocates also say the measure will help address the disparity in sentencing that has disproportionately affected African-Americans.
Critics of the criminal justice measure called it the "jailbreak bill" and said it could increase crime by allowing too many prisoners to go free early.


text:
Definition - What does Virtual Community mean?
A virtual community is a group of people who share common interests, feelings or ideas, or pursue similar goals over the Internet or over any collaborative network. Social media is the most common vehicle for this sharing and interaction, which can potentially transcend geographical boundaries, race, culture, political views and religion when people are connected by another common interest or agenda.
Techopedia explains Virtual Community
This term is originally attributed to Howard Rheingold's book "The Virtual Community," which was published in 1993. In it, Rheingold describes the virtual community as social aggregations that emerge from the Internet when people continue discussions long enough and with enough emotion to form real human relationships within cyberspace.
For whatever other reason, virtual communities are built around certain needs and goals. Here are some common examples of virtual community types:
Forums, online chat rooms, specialized information communities, email groups
These are made up of people who either discuss or share about a common topic/theme. They may also act as a place to ask experts in a specific field for help.
The people in virtual worlds share the common interest of the world itself. These worlds are often massively multiplayer games like "World of Warcraft."
Facebook, Twitter and Google+ are the most common social networking hubs, and they all allow people to form smaller communities based on other interests. Other communities in this category, such as Pinterest and YouTube, focused on media sharing.
Electronic Mail (Email)
Social Networking Site (SNS)
Real Life (RL)
Distributed Computing System
Cloud Provider
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Storage Service Provider (SSP)
Subscription-Based Pricing
INFOGRAPHIC: Is Social Media Making Us Socially Awkward?
Social Media: How to Do It Right
Fast News Nation: Why Social Media Almost Works As a News Source
INFOGRAPHIC: Is Social Media Making Us Psycho?
Why Cloud Computing Could Mean Major Economic Growth
Twitter Fail! 15 Things You Should Never Do On Twitter
Cloud ComputingInternetSocial Media


text:
Why Teacher's Quit
Why Do Teachers Quit?And why do they stay?
LIZ RIGGS OCT 18 2013, 3:30 PM ET
Richard Ingersoll taught high-school social studies and algebra in both public and private schools for nearly six years before leaving the profession and getting a Ph.D. in sociology. Now a professor in the University of Pennsylvania's education school, he's spent his career in higher ed searching for answers to one of teaching's most significant problems: teacher turnover.
Teaching, Ingersoll says, "was originally built as this temporary line of work for women before they got their real job—which was raising families, or temporary for men until they moved out of the classroom and became administrators. That was sort of the historical set-up."
Ingersoll extrapolated and then later confirmed that anywhere between 40 and 50 percent of teachers will leave the classroom within their first five years (that includes the nine and a half percent that leave before the end of their first year.) Certainly, all professions have turnover, and some shuffling out the door is good for bringing in young blood and fresh faces. But, turnover in teaching is about four percent higher than other professions.
Approximately 15.7 percent of teachers leave their posts every year, and 40 percent of teachers who pursue undergraduate degrees in teaching never even enter the classroom at all. With teacher effectiveness a top priority of the education reform movement, the question remains: Why are all these teachers leaving—or not even entering the classroom in the first place?
"One of the big reasons I quit was sort of intangible," Ingersoll says. "But it's very real: It's just a lack of respect," he says. "Teachers in schools do not call the shots. They have very little say. They're told what to do; it's a very disempowered line of work."
Other teachers—especially the younger ones—are also leaving the classroom for seemingly nebulous reasons. I spoke with nearly a dozen public and private school teachers and former teachers around the country. (I used pseudonyms for the teachers throughout this piece so that they could speak freely.) Many of them cited "personal reasons," ranging from individual stress levels to work-life balance struggles.
"We are held up to a really high standard for everything," says Emma, a 26-year-old former teacher at a public school in Kansas who now works for a music education non-profit. "It stems from this sense that teachers aren't real people, and the only thing that came close to [making me stay] was the kids."
In my interviews with teachers, the same issues continued to surface. In theory, the classroom hours aren't bad and the summers are free. But, many young teachers soon realize they must do overwhelming amounts of after-hours work. They pour out emotional energy into their work, which breeds quick exhaustion. And they experience the frustrating uphill battle that comes along with teaching—particularly in low-performing schools.
I Almost Quit Teach for America
"What people are asked to do is only the kind of thing that somebody can do for two or three years; you couldn't sustain that level of intensity throughout a career," said Thomas Smith, a professor at Vanderbilt University's education school. He was referring specifically to charter schools, but his sentiment is one that resonates with many beginning teachers in challenging schools. "[It's] the same way that people might think of investment banking. It's something that people do for a few years out of college, but if you want to have a family, or you want to have some leisure time, you know, how do you sustain that?"
Joseph is a former Advanced Placement U.S. History teacher who loved his first years in the classroom; after a couple of years, though, he came to a saddening realization about the future of his career.
"I realized that most older men I taught with eventually felt pressured to advance into higher-level administration as their careers progressed in order to better support their family," he said. "What many of them working in high-need schools told me, however, was that being successful at school directly conflicted with being successful husbands and fathers. While this is certainly true of any occupation, most occupations don't leave your children asking you, 'Why do you go to more basketball games of the kids at school than mine?'"
Pay is also an issue that came up in my interviews. A starting teacher salary in the U.S. is $35,672.
"What is expected of great teachers and the amount they are paid is shameful," says Hayley, a former teacher from the Northwest, referring to just one factor in her decision to leave the classroom to work for an ed-tech startup. "Yes, if you love something you should do it regardless of pay, but when you take into consideration the time, the effort, the emotional toll and what teachers are asked to actually do everyday, it was painfully obvious that teaching is not a sustainable job. I really wish it had been." Hayley taught for three years before finding herself emotionally drained, physically exhausted, and interested in pursuing a career that provided more balance and financial security.
Higher pay doesn't necessarily lead to a better retention rate, though. "[Some] studies suggest that teachers are more interested in working at schools where the conditions of work are good rather than in getting paid more," Smith, the Vanderbilt professor, said. He pointed to a study by the Benwood Foundationthat offered teachers in Chattanooga large bonuses to go teach in lower-performing schools. The study found that few teachers were willing to move for this kind of offer. (In fact, according to Smith, the initiative had to be reengineered to offer bonuses to teachers already in those schools.)
With the exception of retirement, studies suggest that there are only a handful of overarching factors that push teachers out the door—family or personal reasons, other career opportunities, salary, administrative support and overall job dissatisfaction. These are largely the same issues that arose in my interviews. Some were wholly unhappy or drained and left in pursuit of another career completely, some wanted more money; some wanted both.
Another study done by the National Charter School Research Project suggests lack of job security is a factor in teachers' decision to leave public charters; however, this was not a concern of any charter teacher I spoke with. Most teachers sounded simply frustrated, overworked and underpaid—sentiments that are certainly echoed in the research.
The teacher-turnover problem has a flipside, of course: If 40 to 50 percent of teachers leave the classroom within the first five years their career, that means that 50 to 60 percent of teachers stay. Who are they? Where are they teaching? What is keeping them?
Becky is a retired teacher who taught for nearly 30 years in just about every capacity imaginable. After starting in Chattanooga in a public school, she moved all over the country, teaching in Houston in a low-income school and then Chicago in a wealthy suburb before teaching at a private school in Ohio.
She loved teaching, but even in her years before retirement, she still felt the weight of the work on her constantly.
"When you're in your early 60s and you're still coming home with 65 hours of grading over two weeks…that's very overwhelming. [But] I love working with teenagers. I love the relationships and I love being able to help them."
This overwhelming desire to help students is a common thread among all the teachers I speak with. They all cared for their students deeply, but even this couldn't keep teachers like Hayley or Emma in the classroom. Simply put: everything else—the workload, the emotional toll, the low pay—was just too much.
A range of factors influences teacher retention, according to Ingersoll's research, but he tells me that the way administration deals with both students and teachers has a "huge effect" on teacher satisfaction. He cites this as being one of the potential ways to keep teachers without spending billions of dollars increasing salaries.
"Those schools that do a far better job of managing and coping with and responding to student behavioral issues have far better teacher retention," he says. And, in both public and private schools, "buildings in which teachers have more say—their voice counts—have distinctly better teacher retention."
Ingersoll has also done extensive research on beginning teacher support and found that teachers who have even just two small initiatives in place (working with a mentor and having regular supportive communication with an administrator) are more likely to stay in the classroom.
Based on other education statistics, parental involvement, student achievement and the career entry point for teachers can also impact retention. Parental engagement and high student achievement are key factors. Where these numbers grow, teachers are more satisfied and presumably more likely to stay in the profession. And teachers who sought teaching as their first career are more likely to stay in the classroom in comparison with teachers who entered the profession mid-career.
Regardless of why teachers stay or leave, the revolving door of teacher turnover is a problem that affects students and entire schools. Ingersoll maintains that it doesn't have to be a problem that continues to spiral out of control; the revolving door can be stopped. And while there are a number of ways to fix it—from increasing salaries to mentoring young teachers—the mindset behind the solution is simple.
"Respected, well-paid lines of work do not have shortages," Ingersoll says. He adds that he is happy with his new career, but he would still be a high school history teacher had it not been for the lack of respect and low salary he experienced. For a lot of teachers I spoke with, this seems to be the common sentiment: If the overall attractiveness of teaching as a profession gets better, the best teachers will enter the profession, stay, and help increase the effectiveness of schools.
"To improve the quality of teaching," Ingersoll says, you need to "improve the quality of the teaching job." And, "If you really improve that job… you would attract good people and you would keep them."
Shannan Johnson
I think this should go to the Board and Superintendent. I honestly don't feel that it is unreasonable to honor employees enough to provide them and their families affordable healthcare in exchange for educating the youth of our community. I am a little tired of the debate that the only out of control cost in education is affordable healthcare for the employees. Something is wrong with that particular equation.


Inspired by the island of St Barths and the local jewelry - 12-15 MM white cultured south sea pearls strung on a hand rolled kangaroo leather cord. Pearls are movable for extra versatility. Can be customized with and many or as few pearls as you like - can also be made with Tahitian pearls.


text:
The Election Proved I Was Right All Along
The Pundit's Fallacy meets opportunism.
James Joyner · Friday, November 13, 2020 · 13 comments
The image is released free of copyrights under Creative Commons CC0.
Because so many people voted by mail this year, the exit polls are even less useful than usual in explaining why people voted as they did. That has not stopped pundits from analyzing the results. Miraculously, to a person, they have all reached the same conclusion: the election demonstrates that, had their pre-existing preferences been followed, their party would have done way better.
This phenomenon has played out most obviously in the Halls of Congress, as the progressive wing of the Democratic Party argues that moderation was the problems and the moderates argue the opposite. But we're definitely seeing it on the op-ed pages.
For example, Margaret White, executive director of No Labels, takes to The Hill to explain "Why Susan Collins won." I was expecting some analysis of problems in polling methodology but, alas, not so much. Her argument boils down to this:
Even as Washington conservatives lambasted her for being a "Republican in Name Only" and Washington liberals shook their fists in frustration when, in their view, she did too little to take President Trump to task, voters in Maine actually liked her brand of moderate, balanced, independent politics.
That Collins is in no meaningful way moderate, balanced, or independent—having voted to seat Brett Kavanaugh on the Supreme Court and refusing to vote to remove President Trump—is no obstacle to her case. White supports a bipartisan agenda and, if you squint really hard, Collins demonstrates its efficacy in attracting voters.
Meanwhile Bernie Sanders took to USA Today to show that the election proves we need more socialism:
The lesson is not to abandon popular policies like Medicare for All, a Green New Deal, living wage jobs, criminal justice reform and universal child care, but to enact an agenda that speaks to the economic desperation being felt by the working class — Black, white, Latino, Asian American and Native American. People are hurting, and they are crying out for help. We must respond.
Even though those policies didn't prevail in the Democratic Primary and Biden ran away from most of them during the general election, it turns out Bernie was right all along.
So, of course, was Elizabeth Warren, who was given space in the Washington Post to outline "What a Biden-Harris administration should prioritize on its first day."
Cancel billions of dollars in student loan debt, giving tens of millions of Americans an immediate financial boost and helping to close the racial wealth gap. This is the single most effective executive action available to provide massive consumer-driver stimulus.
Lower drug prices for millions by producing key drugs like insulin, naloxone, hepatitis C drugs and EpiPens at low costs using existing compulsory licensing authority that allows the federal government to bypass patents for pressing public health needs.
Issue enforceable OSHA health and safety standards for covid-19 so giant companies don't escape accountability for workplace conditions that expose workers to serious harm and even death.
Raise the minimum wage for all federal contractors to $15 an hour.
Center racial equity by building on Biden and Harris's commitment to establish a Racial and Ethnic Disparities Task Force by collecting and reporting covid-19 data and reviewing racial disparities in pandemic funding.
Declare the climate crisis a national emergency to start marshaling resources toward addressing this challenge.
Restore balance and competition by prioritizing strong anti-monopoly protections and enforcement.
As with Sanders' plan, this lost badly in the Democratic primaries. And, holy moly, this list represents neither prioritization nor something that can be tacked in a single day.
Meanwhile, #NeverTrump Daily Beast columnist Matt Lewis takes the obvious conclusion from Trump's better-than-expected performance that "Trump's Down Right Now—and Republicans Should Kick Him."
Similarly, #NeverTrump WaPo columnist Max Boot analyzes the results and determines, "Never Trumpers played a critical role in beating him. The numbers prove it."
Look, I get it. These people all have agendas to push and will use any plausible news hook to do so. But it's a bit silly.
FILED UNDER: Campaign 2020, Humor, US Politics
Sleeping Dog says:
Max Boot is at the WaPo
Pundits are victims of arrested development, sort of like the teenager who continually seeks justification for what he/she desires. Evidence is only useful when it supports the position and when there is dissonance, ignore the countervailing facts. Engage circular reasoning when useful.
My the page reloaded and the edit functions appeared as expected on this and an earlier comment. Progress.
It's one of the reasons I like Nate Silver's and his sites analysis – they report the data and let the numbers speak for themselves. They sometimes have a "hot take" round table but I rarely read it and in any case its more of a "outline a possible scenario and run it up the flag pole" type of exercise. The "Pro" person on any given scenario might be defending it because they believe it, but just as likely it's just their turn.
@MarkedMan: I should probably add that despite the above comment I'll be reading less of 538. I don't think polling is as useful as it once was, and I don't care about sports, which is the other thing they report on.
Not only that, but we're already seeing that everyone's governing "principles" on things like Executive power and federalism are switching sides now that a different party will control the White House.
Not the IT Dept. says:
The biggest advantage that the Lincoln Project brings to the fight is that they know all these Republicans they've turned against, know where all the bodies are buried, and know how GOP strategies work, and they're willing to turn that against their former allies. For them, this fight is personal and since most of them seem to be in the end stages of their careers, they have no more *bleeps* to give. Their new opponents know that, and it makes them nervous about what might come out in the new few years. The LP has said it's in for the long fight, and to eradicate any elected non-anti-Trumper in a congressional or governor position. This could be a lot of fun!
The one pundit that I'm agreeing with this morning is Ezra Klein and his proposition that our current difficulties can be solved with more Democracy.
https://www.vox.com/21561011/2020-election-joe-biden-donald-trump-electoral-college-vote-senate-democracy
Gustopher says:
@Andy: Wait until you see the deficit hawks come out of hibernation after 4 years.
@Gustopher:
Yep, that will be another big example.
And, holy moly, this list represents neither prioritization nor something that can be tacked in a single day.
Maybe you should just accept that Elizabeth Warren can get more done in a day than you can, and thus doesn't need fine grained prioritization.
Nothing on that list can get done in one day, but all of it, and more, can be started in a day.
DrDaveT says:
As with Sanders' plan, this lost badly in the Democratic primaries.
The people lost badly, not the plans. It is not at all clear what the relationship between the plans and the primary outcomes might be, and all of the OPs here have argued convincingly from time to time that nobody is voting mostly (or perhaps at all) based on policy preferences.
Just nutha ignint cracker says:
@Not the IT Dept.: I'll be interested in whether the Lincoln Project continues to attack the GOP by moving on to other Republican elites. Right now I'm guessing "no." Ding dong the witch is dead. It's time to get back to business as usual in Munchkinland.
There is no penalty for being wrong in punditry. That's the problem. No one is going to be right all the time, but if you can't hit significantly more than random dart-throwing, what use are you? Every newspaper, web site and network should have a twice a year, public reckoning.
Should NeverTrumpers Become Democrats?
Susan Collins Announces Reelection Bid
Republican Congressman Who Backed Trump Indicted On Securities Fraud Charges
On the Act of Voting
Susan Collins Faces Political Headwinds Back Home
Coming to Grips with Reality
Not as Bad as We Feared


University Council of Jamaica (UCJ) Board Member, Prof. Ronald Young (left), presents Acting President of the University of Technology Jamaica (UTech), Prof. Colin Gyles, with certificates of accreditation for six Bachelors Degree courses, during an awards ceremony hosted at the University of the West Indies (UWI), Mona Visitors Lodge and Conference Centre on Thursday, March 10. Ten tertiary institutions were awarded certificates of accreditation and three were awarded certificates of registration at the ceremony.
Twelve tertiary level institutions have been awarded certificates of accreditation for a total of 35 courses, by the University Council of Jamaica (UCJ).
Executive Director of the UCJ, Dr. Yvonette Marshall, in her remarks, congratulated the institutions who received the awards, noting that this is testament to their commitment to quality, and by extension, to nation building.
Dr. Marshall explained that the activities are being hosted to promote quality enhancement and to provide capacity building for internal and external stakeholders.
The Caribbean Graduate School of Theology, the Catholic College of Mandeville, Excelsior Community College, Jamaica Theological Seminary and Knox Community College are among those receiving accreditation for Masters, Bachelors and Associate degree courses.
Mico University College, the Montego Bay Community College, Northern Caribbean University, the St. Mary's University of Minnesota, the University College of the Caribbean, University of Technology Jamaica and the Vocational Training Development Institute (VTDI) have also received accreditation for a range of courses.
The awards ceremony was held on March 10, at the University of the West Indies (UWI), Mona Visitors' Lodge and Conference Centre.
She said the UCJ remains committed to ensuring a rigorous process, safeguarding standards and to continue to offer quality enhancement.
"We strive to be relevant and to ensure that all processes meet international standards, so that we can stand proud and know that when graduates leave, they are leaving with their accredited programmes or that their institutions are registered," she said.
The Hydel College, the International University of the Caribbean and the Sigma College of Nursing and Applied Sciences were also awarded Certificates of Registration during the ceremony. Meanwhile, Masters degree courses in Early Childhood Studies, Education and Instructional Design and Technology, and the Doctor of Education course from the Walden University, were awarded Certificates of Recognition.
The ceremony forms part of activities by the UCJ to celebrate its 11th Quality Assurance in Tertiary Education Week, from March 7 to 11. This week is being observed under the theme: 'Assuring Quality in Programme Outcomes – Imperative for Graduate Effectiveness'.
Chairman of the University Council of Jamaica (UCJ), the Hon. Burchell Whiteman (left), in discussion with (from second left), Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of Education, Youth and Information, Dr. Maurice Smith; President of the Mico University College, Dr. Asburn Pinnock; and Executive Director of the UCJ, Dr. Yvonnette Marshall, following the awarding of certificates of accreditation and registration to tertiary institutions, during a ceremony at the University of West Indies (UWI), Mona Visitors Lodge and Conference Centre, on Thursday, March 10. The Mico University College was one of 10 institutions which had courses accredited. Three institutions were awarded certificates of registration.
Dr. Marshall explained that the activities are being hosted to promote quality enhancement and to provide capacity building for internal and external stakeholders. A seminar was also hosted by the UCJ on March 10, targeting Presidents, Board Chairs, Chief Financial Officers and Bursars of tertiary institutions, to facilitate discussions on assessing and improving the financial health of universities and colleges.
She urged institutions to make it their responsibility to safeguard the reputation of the tertiary education sector and to ensure students are provided with quality education for their tuition.
"Our graduates are our ambassadors. Our graduates carry with them what we want to see as excellence and therefore we owe it to them to ensure that when they leave our institutions, they can match up with anyone, anywhere and at anytime," Mrs. Henry-Wilson said.


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Category: A-Level / IB History
IB History, AS History, A2 History
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Nixon's Foreign Policy: New study unit
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LBJ and the "Great Society"
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Eisenhower and the "New Look": Video Worksheet
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Theory of Knowledge in History: The Challenge of Source Material
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To what extent do you agree that Eisenhower's foreign policy was neither new nor successful?
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Model Essay: How did the early years of the Cold War (1946 to 1956) affect the political and social life of the United States?
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Keyword Checker – How did the early years of the Cold War (1946 to 1956) affect the political and social life of the United States?
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Děkov (deutsch Dekau) ist eine Gemeinde in Tschechien. Sie liegt zwölf Kilometer südöstlich von Podbořany und gehört zum Okres Rakovník.

Geographie
Děkov befindet sich am Rande des Naturparks Džbán im Rakonitzer Hügelland. Das Dorf liegt im Tal des Baches Zlatý potok, der westlich von Děkov in den Očihovecký potok mündet. Östlich erhebt sich der Červený vršek (422 m), im Südosten der Novoveský vrch (440 m), südlich der Pláň (425 m), im Westen der Běsenský vrch (402 m) sowie nordwestlich die Vyhlídka (434 m). Anderthalb Kilometer südlich von Děkov verläuft die Straße I/6 / E 48 zwischen Prag und Karlsbad.

Nachbarorte sind Soběchleby und Malá Černoc im Norden, Vlkov und Svojetín im Nordosten, Nová Ves im Osten, Hořesedly, Kněževes und Kolešovice im Südosten, Heřmanov, Hokov und Šmikousy im Süden, Hořovičky und Kolešov im Südwesten, Vrbice und Strojetice im Westen sowie Běsno, Blšany und Stachov im Nordwesten.

Geschichte
Den Überlieferungen nach soll die Kirche Geburt Johannes des Täufers im Jahre 1037 von den Benediktinern aus dem Kloster Insula gegründet wurden sein. Die erste schriftliche Erwähnung von Dyekowie erfolgte am 1. September 1325, als der Rakonitzer Bürger Raczko de Dyekowa und sein Sohn Raczlaw ihr gemeinschaftlich besessenes Vladikengut verkauften; die eine Hälfte erhielt Bernhard von Flöhau, die andere dessen Bruder Przech von Koleschowitz. Seit 1341 ist in Děkov ein Pfarrer belegbar. Im Jahre 1361 gehörte das Gut Bernhard von Flöhaus Söhnen Bernhard und Bubo. Die nachfolgenden Besitzer des Gutes legten sich das Prädikat von Dyekow (z Děkova) zu. 1380 wurden Zdislav und Johan Zaczek als Kirchpatrone erwähnt. Ab 1387 war der Pfarrer Johann († 1412) Besitzer des Hofes; er wurde 1390 durch Papst Bonifatius IX. zum Kaplan ernannt, 1407 verkaufte er seinen Anteil.  Ein anderer Teil gehörte einem Bech, der ohne Nachkommen blieb und ab 1397 Wenzel von Dyekow. 1392 sind Sulko von Dyekow und Katharina von Dyekow, die sich auch von Přesnicz nannte, als Besitzer weiterer Anteile nachweisbar. 1416 hatten Sulko von Dyekow, Johann von Dyekow und Johann von Sátek gemeinschaftlich das Kirchpatronat inne. Sulko von Dyekow ist noch bis 1437 nachweisbar, Johann von Dyekow bis 1463. Zwischen 1465 und 1474 war die Feste der Sitz von Prokop von Dyekow, der später das Gut Petrowitz erwarb. 1483 verkaufte er sechs Häuser einschließlich des Hofes in Kolešov an Sigismund von Boršitz und Stochov, an denen auch Elisabeth von Dyekow und Kolešov Rechte hatte.
Im Jahre 1501 wurde der Grundherr Peter Bobrowetz von Bobrowitz und Dyekow von Prokop Navrek von Černčice der Verleumdung beschuldigt.
1531 erbte sein Sohn Georg Bobrowetz das Gut, er wurde fünf Jahre später für längere Zeit im Roten Turm in Prag inhaftiert, nachdem er in Rakonitz Peter von Skal bei einem Streit schwer verletzt hatte. Nach seiner Freilassung verklagte er 1539 erfolglos seinen Pächter Johann Muchek von Muchkov wegen Misswirtschaft, sein Pachtkontrakt mit Muchek war jedoch nicht landtäflich eingetragen. Im darauffolgenden Jahr verkaufte Georg Bobrowetz das heruntergewirtschaftete Gut an Georg Charwat von Bärnstein, der es 1542 an Erhard Ritter Stambach von Stambach weiter veräußerte. Der erste Nachweis über eine Schule stammt aus dem Jahre 1550, das Schulhaus befand sich an der Ostseite des Pfarrhauses. Im Jahre 1573 teilten Erhard von Stambachs Söhne Wolf, Soldan und Adam das väterliche Erbe. Adam von Stambach, der mit Benigna Hrobschitzky von Hrobschitz verheiratet war, verstarb 1590. Seine Tochter und Universalerbin Maria überließ das Gut 1602 ihrem Verwandten Leonhard Stambach von Stambach. Am 12. September 1607 ging das Gut in den Besitz von Hans Audritzky von Audritz über. Nach dessen Tode erbte es Hans Bernklau von Schönreuth († 1618), ihm folgte sein Sohn Gideon. Dieser wurde nach der Schlacht am Weißen Berg wegen seiner Beteiligung am Ständeaufstand am 23. Mai 1623 zum Verlust der Hälfte seines Vermögens verurteilt. Das konfiszierte Gut Dekau mit Neudorf verkaufte die Hofkammer noch im selben Jahre an den kaiserlichen General Franz de Cuvier. Während des Dreißigjährigen Krieges wurde die Pfarre Děkov zu einem Zentrum der Gegenreformation, zu ihrem Sprengel gehörten bis 1707 die Dörfer Děkov, Hořovičky, Hokov, Vlkov, Kolešovice, Hořesedly, Pšovlky, Přílepy, Svojetín, Povlčín, Kounov und Oráčov. Die im Krieg zerstörte Kirche in Děkov wurde 1664 neu aufgebaut.

Das Erbe General de Cuviers fiel seinem einzigen Sohn Franz Emanuel zu, der jedoch geistig und körperlich behindert war. Seine Kuratoren verkauften Dekau 1672 an Emanuel Hildprandt von und zu Ottenhausen.
Ab 1674 verwaltete dessen Witwe Maria Barbara, geborene Freiin Fieger von Hirschberg das Gut. In zweiter Ehe heiratete sie am 15. August 1681 den kaiserlichen Regimentshauptmann Johann Lassini de Homaces (Johann von Lassie), der vier Jahre später verstarb. 1697 übernahm ihr Sohn Wenzel Ularius Hildprandt die eine Hälfte des Gutes und nach dem Tode seiner Mutter 1701 auch die andere. Er veräußerte das Gut im selben Jahre an Johann Jakob Kulhanek von Klaudenstein. Nach dessen Tode im Jahre 1708 verwaltete Wenzel Mulhardt Ritter von Milhartice das Gut für den minderjährigen Johann Josef Kulhanek, ab 1713 gehörte es Wenzel Alsterle von Astfeld. Am 14. Juli 1717 kaufte Georg Olivier von Wallis das Gut Dekau mit den zugehörigen Dörfern Dekau, Neudorf und Wilkau. Er vereinigte es mit den Gütern Koleschowitz und Hokau 1744 zur Herrschaft Koleschowitz und erklärte diese zum Familienfideikommiss. 1744 erbte die Besitzungen sein Sohn Stephan Olivier von Wallis. Er vereinigte auch das Gut Petrowitz mit der Herrschaft Koleschowitz. Das Schloss Dekau wurde bis in die 1760er Jahre von der verwitweten Gräfin Götz, geborene von Wallis, bewohnt und danach dem Verfall preisgegeben. Stephan Olivier von Wallis ließ es nach einem Brand abtragen und an seiner Stelle einen Obstgarten anlegen. 1798 wurde ein neues Schulhaus bezogen, zu dieser Zeit besuchten u. a. auch die Kinder aus Hokov, Hořovičky und Vlkov die Dekauer Schule. Drei Jahre später wurden die Kinder aus Hořovičky nach Kolešov umgeschult.
1826 wurde der neue Friedhof angelegt. 1832 erbte Stephans Sohn Rudolf Olivier Graf von Wallis den Besitz, ihm folgte 1838 dessen Sohn Friedrich Olivier Graf von Wallis. Im Jahre 1837 wurden bei einer Sturzflut Teile des um die Kirche angelegten alten Friedhofs fortgespült.

Im Jahre 1843 bestand Dekau / Dekow bzw. Děkow aus 51 Häusern mit 346 deutschsprachigen Einwohnern, darunter drei jüdischen Familien. Unter herrschaftlichem Patronat standen die Pfarrkirche Johannes des Täufers, die Pfarrei und die Schule. Außerdem gab es einen obrigkeitlichen Meierhof mit Schäferei und ein Wirtshaus. Abseits lag eine Mühle. Dekau war Pfarrort für Wilkau (Vlkov), Neudorf (Nová Ves), Hokau, Firbitz (Vrbice) und Horschowitz. Die Bewohner lebten vornehmlich vom Hopfenbau. Bis zur Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts blieb Dekau der Fideikommissherrschaft Koleschowitz untertänig.

Nach der Aufhebung der Patrimonialherrschaften bildete Dekau / Děkov ab 1850 mit dem Ortsteil Neudorf und der Einschicht Kleine Mühle eine Gemeinde im Bezirk Saaz und Gerichtsbezirk Jechnitz. Zu dieser Zeit lebten auf dem heutigen Gemeindegebiet 1072 Menschen. Im selben Jahre starben in Neudorf und Dekau 15 Personen an der Cholera. 1868 wurde Dekau dem Bezirk Podersam zugeordnet. In den Jahren 1876–1880 wurde die Dekauer Schule vergrößert, 1879 entstand in Hokau eine eigene Schule. Zwischen 1886 und 1888 wurde die Bezirksstraße gebaut. Im Jahre 1901 fand der Bauer Karl Weis beim Aushub eines Grabens auf seinem Feld eine große Menge Steinkugeln von 10 bis 20 cm Durchmesser. Im Jahre 1930 lebten in Dekau mit Neudorf 525 Personen, 1932 waren es 509. Nach dem Münchner Abkommen wurde die Gemeinde 1938 dem Deutschen Reich zugeschlagen und gehörte bis 1945 zum Landkreis Podersam. 1939 hatte die Gemeinde 432 Einwohner. Nach dem Ende des Zweiten Weltkrieges kam Děkov zur Tschechoslowakei zurück und die deutsche Bevölkerung wurde vertrieben. Der Okres Podbořany wurde 1960 aufgehoben, seitdem gehört Děkov zum Okres Rakovník.
1961 wurde Vlkov eingemeindet. Am 1. Jänner 1980 erfolgte die Eingemeindung von Děkov, Nová Ves und Vlkov nach Hořovičky; die Orte lösten sich am 24. November 1990 wieder von Hořovičky los und bildeten die Gemeinde Děkov.

Gemeindegliederung
Die Gemeinde Děkov besteht aus den Ortsteilen Děkov (Dekau), Nová Ves (Neudorf) und Vlkov (Wilkau). Das Gemeindegebiet gliedert sich in die Katastralbezirke Děkov und Vlkov u Rakovníka.

Sehenswürdigkeiten
 Kirche Geburt Johannes des Täufers in Děkov, der Barockbau entstand zwischen 1720 und 1729 aus einem 1664 errichteten Vorgängerbau. Ihre  heutige Gestalt mit großen Fenstern erhielt sie beim Umbau von 1868. In der Kirche befinden sich die Grabmale für Erhard Stambach von Stambach († 1571), Hans Audritzky von Audritz und Johann Lassini de Homaces († 1685).
 Pfarrhaus in Děkov
 Reste des Renaissanceschlosses Děkov, der Bau mit dreieckigem Grundriss entstand wahrscheinlich für Gideon Bernklau anstelle der mittelalterlichen Feste. An seiner Ostseite befand sich die Brauerei. In den 1760er Jahren wurde es dem Verfall preisgegeben und nach einem Brand abgerissen. Erhalten sind Mauerreste und der in den Fels gehauene Weinkeller.
 Denkmale für die Gefallenen des Ersten Weltkrieges in Děkov und Vlkov
 Kapelle in Vlkov
 Kapelle in Nová Ves

Weblinks

 Geschichte von Děkov

Einzelnachweise

Ersterwähnung 1325

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