text:
The Faces were formed in England out of the remains of the Small Faces when Jeff Beck Group singer Rod Stewart and guitarist Ronnie Wood joined bassist Ronnie Lane, keyboardist Ian McLagan and drummer Kenney Jones. They didn't last long, but the handful of albums they made have been an influence on bands looking for a little bluesy, boozy sway to go with their Stones-like crunch. Hopes for a reunion over the years were dimmed after the deaths of Lane (in 1997) and McLagan (in 2014). In addition to playing on their own records, like the classic 'A Nod Is as Good as a Wink ... to a Blind Horse,' the band backed Stewart on his hit LP 'Every Picture Tells a Story.'
Selected Discography: 'Long Player' (1971), 'A Nod Is as Good as a Wink … to a Blind Horse' (1971), 'Ooh La La' (1973)
Related Artists: Rod Stewart, Ronnie Wood, Small Faces
Further Reading: Top 10 Faces Songs, The Faces Split Up, Looking Back on 'Ooh La La'
Ron Wood Year by Year: 1967-2019 Photos
A look at the life of Ron Wood with more than 50 years' worth of photos of the affable guitarist.
Revisiting the Faces' 'A Nod Is As Good As a Wink ... ' Album
When they entered the studio to record their third studio album, the Faces were really gathering momentum.
45 Years Ago: The Faces Release Their Second Album, 'Long Player'
After introducing themselves with 1970's appropriately titled First Step, the Faces sought to build on that success with their follow-up effort — and they pulled it off in a big way with Long Player.
When the Faces Played Their Final Concert
A stop in Minneapolis marked the official end of a group whose live shows were a joyous, often-inebriated celebration.
Dave Swanson
Rod Stewart Reunites With the Faces for First Non-Awards Concert in 40 Years
The surviving members of the Faces performed for charity last night (Sept. 5).
Win the Faces' New Career-Spanning Box Set
Want a chance to win a copy of 1970-1975: You Can Make Me Dance, Sing or Anything, a new box set featuring all four of the Faces' studio albums plus another disc of rarities?
Nick DeRiso
Hear the Faces' Previously Unreleased 'Whole Lotta Woman' From New Box Set
Faces fans who are somehow still undecided regarding whether to purchase the band's comprehensive new box set may find themselves reaching for their wallets after hearing "Whole Lotta Woman."
Rod Stewart and Faces Reuniting for Charity Show
Looks like Rod Stewart will be reuniting with his surviving former bandmates in the Faces next month, even if it's just for a one-time charity concert.
Michael Gallucci
The Faces to Release 'You Can Make Me Dance' Vinyl Box
The Faces' entire studio output will be released on vinyl in a boxed set on Aug. 28.
Ron Wood Says Rod Stewart's Management Is Holding Up the Faces Reunion
The surviving former Faces have dithered about getting back together for years, and even now that their ranks have been further thinned by the death of Ian McLagan, it seems that progress toward a reunion is slow.
Rockers They Tried to Erase
Top 100 '80s Albums
Exploring the Touring History of Rush: Exclusive Interview
How the 'Baretta' Premiere Echoed Robert Blake's Dark Future
Surviving Doors Members to Stage Rare Reunion at Charity Show
55 Years Ago: Charlie Watts Publishes 'Ode to a Highflying Bird'
Kaleidoscope Co-Founder Chris Darrow Dead at 75
Rush Music Sales Rise by More Than 2,000 Percent
How the Biggest Bands Were Named
Top 100 Classic Rock Artists
Famous Musicians Who Correctly Predicted Their Own Death
Disturbing Songs


English at our school aims to create an inclusive and positive learning environment via collaborative learning. We aim to promote independence and confidence through reading a variety of texts, literacy based tasks and spoken language. We utilise whole school initiatives including the accelerated reader programme to develop vocabulary, focus and imagination.
During Key Stage 2 English, the emphasis is on the development of a positive student approach towards core English competencies; Reading, Writing, Speaking and Listening. We ensure that our teaching of the national curriculum is both creative and engaging to enable students to make the necessary subject progress and develop a sound foundation in English, which in turn underpins their learning and time at Insights.
As part of the Key Stage 3 English curriculum, we study a wide range of texts including Charles Dickens novels, Shakespeare, Victorian monsters and poetry from other cultures. We focus on spelling and grammar throughout all key stages as well as development of speaking and listening abilities to promote confidence and learn key skills via spoken language.
The Key Stage 4 English Department offers entry 1,2,3, level 1 and level 2 Functional Skills, which focuses on giving students practical skills for the modern world and helps them get the most from life, learning and work. This specification aims to ensure students have good communication skills in reading, writing, speaking and listening. This course can be used in preparation for GCSE English.
GCSE English focuses on reading a wide range of texts from the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries, including literature and literary non-fiction. Students will evaluate texts critically and make comparisons between texts, summarise and synthesise information or ideas from texts. Students will learn a new set of terminology and linguistic conventions for reading, writing and spoken language.
We also offer English Literature which focuses on challenging and inspiring students via texts such as Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, Robert L. Stevenson's Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, Poetry and the modern play The Blood Brothers. Students explore the different characters and how they are portrayed as well as learning how to interpret texts and discuss their social context.


text:
Pottsgrove School board to vote on $14 tax hike…
Pottsgrove School board to vote on $14 tax hike Tuesday
By Evan Brandt | ebrandt@pottsmerc.com | The Pottstown Mercury
PUBLISHED: May 9, 2016 at 6:01 p.m. | UPDATED: September 24, 2021 at 12:46 p.m.
LOWER POTTSGROVE >> The Pottsgrove School Board will be asked tomorrow night to approve a proposed $66 million budget for the 2016-17 school year that raises taxes by .32 percent.
This would result in a $14 tax hike for a home assessed at the district's median value of $120,000.
Thanks to the school district's adoption of an electronic agenda system called Board Docs, which allows the public to look at supporting material for things to be discussed and decided at the meeting, the proposed budget is now available for public view.
The $66,125,829 budget plan will not be final until June and adjustments can be made up until final adoption.
Although Business Manager David Nester told the board last month it might be possible to adopt a budget for next year without raising taxes, the current plan calls for a slight hike due to several factors.
One of the larger factors is the elimination of $859,000 in anticipated revenue for state reimbursement for school construction.
Nester warned the board previously that although the new state budget – adopted nine months late – does include payments from that fund, called PlanCon, the money has to be borrowed and Nester does not anticipate it arriving before the end of this budget year.
That is a contributing factor to the 2015-2016 budget's $599,000 shortfall.
The district already planned to use $375,000 in 2015-2016 from a special fund set aside to cover increased pensions costs, leaving a deficit of $124,000.
News out of Harrisburg was not all bad, however.
The budget that was finally put into place provided about $200,000 more in state aid for the current 2015-2016 budget than was anticipated.
The proposed 2016-2017 budget calls for using fully $900,000 from the district reserve for increasing pension costs and anticipates better collection rates for property taxes and earned income taxes.
The proposed .32 percent tax hike represents a millage increase of .119 mills, according to the information posted in Pottsgrove's Board Docs site.
That would result in a total millage of 37.8345 mills and leave an estimated uncommitted fund balance for 2016-2017 of approximately 5.6 percent.
Evan Brandt | Reporter
Evan Brandt is a reporter for The Mercury
ebrandt@pottsmerc.com

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Finger monkeys, also called "pocket monkeys" and "pygmy marmosets," are tiny monkeys that typically are 5"-6" in size. They are one of the few species of monkey that are allowed to live as domesticated pets in some states.
Typically, finger monkeys cost $1,500-$4,000 each. For example, Pic 'a' Pal Pet Store sells primates for $2,600 each, and includes a cage and a starter kit of supplies. Poggi's Animal House sells primates for $3,000 apiece.
Cages for pocket monkeys generally cost $150-$400, depending on the size, construction and complexity of the cage. For example, Petsmart sells small animal cages for $170-$250.
Adult finger monkeys require a specialized diet, comprised mostly of fruits and vegetables, but can also eat cooked meats (such as chicken or turkey) and rice. Some insects are also a part of the pocket monkey diet. Petco sells live crickets for $17-$25 per 250.
A pocket monkey should come in a travel cage, or have one available. Many primates are sold with cages and starter kits, to help new owners.
Swings and other toys are needed for the interior of the monkey's cage. The primates can generally have any plastic toys approved for human use.
Branches are recommended for the cages, similar to those used in parrot cages. Dragon wood perches cost about $10-$20 per piece, depending on size. For example, Golden Cockatoo sells perches for about $17.
Many pocket monkeys are leash trained. Typically, a small reptile harness costs about $10.
Veterinary care for pocket monkeys varies on the need for the visit. In general, it is likely to cost more than standard pet care because of the specialized nature of the animal. Monkey Pro provides a list of veterinary resources for primates .
Discounts are typically not available for pocket monkeys because they are both rare and exotic.
Pet supply stores often offer discounts on items. For example, PetSmart has a clearance page for small pet items.
Born Free USA, an animal advocacy nonprofit, lists the laws on exotic animal ownership in each state.
Poggi's Animal House provides information about the care and feeding of primates.
Are they legal in new york?
All these AR folks spewing propaganda. Sadly these little monkeys can't "live in the wild" because their is no wild left. Deforestation has stripped many of these little guys of their home land. Their is an estimated 400 cotton top tamarins left in the wild because of habitat loss and over hunting (sadly many villagers kill monkeys because they blame them for any and all disease). There are however thousands of cotton top tamarins kept as pets throughout the world. I suppose the AR folks would rather these cute beings just go extinct like the Rhino. A monkey kept proper in captivity lives over twice as long as their wild counterparts. They don't worry about finding food or shelter. They live in a climate controlled area and never get too hot, too cold or wet. They get veterinarian care when sick or injured. They aren't hunted for food or the false premise they are responsible for all sickness.
I always wanted a finger monkey i waould take good care of it and give it all the attention......( who have a finger monkey they don't want !?
I love in Burleson, Texas and searching for a pet store or breeder (prefer a breeder) near the Fort Worth, Texas area that has a finger monkey a/k/a pygmy marmoset.
My 13 granddaughter would love this. I simply can't think of anything she would love more. She has been having a difficult time since her mother walked away from being get mom.
People trying to spend less than 3 grand will never have one. Mine cost over 5 grand and will be arriving monday. Just his flight cost 1200 and he was another 3800 plus 650 for bundle with diapers, cage food and lots more. If your serious about it you will find one. For 50$ your not serious.
I'm obsessed w/finger monkeys. ❣ And I would like to know if anyone around the Murfreesboro/Nashville area in Tennessee has any.?
I would like to know where I can purchase one near Waco, to? Also what are requirements?
Monkeys are my favorite animal in the entire world, have been since I was a kid. I've recently moved out and now have the ability to finally get a finger monkey, I'm in South Carolina but willing to travel if need be. Anyone know where I can find one??
Adorable pygmy marmoset babies for affordable sale.
My wife has been wanting one for years now & I'm really wanting to get her one, so if this pet store would please contact me and let me know the full amount about the animal please and what all it comes with for first timers thank you and I really do appreciate it.
Is there any breeders in VA?
I bought four finger monkeys and turned a whole room into a real forest and they love it.
CAN SOMEONE PLEASE TELL ME WHERE I CAN GET MY HANDS ON ONE OF THESE CUTE CREATURES!!
First of all people they arent selling on this website so stop trying to ask people who came here for the same reason you did. Second these animals are to be in groups of AT LEAST 6. These animals cannot survive emotionally or physically without other marmosets with them. Human interaction is NOT enough for these animals. Please get educated and stop getting so caught up in the cuteness when you wouldn't even be able to take care of them properly. Unless you can afford at least 6 of these monkeys and have a big yard. DO NOT EVEN THINK OF BUYING THEM.
I Agree With Annie H. As Cute As They Are, These Beautiful Creatures Belong In Their Own Natural Habitat And Not In Captivity. God Bless.


text:
Q: PHP dynamic object property is there a way to make it work? So I know I can do something like this in PHP:
<?php

    $x = 'a';
    $a = 5;
    echo $$x;

Which will output 5;
But it doesn't work with objects/properties. Is there a way to make this code work?
<?php

class FooBar
{
 public $foo;
 public $bar;

 public function __construct()
 {
  $this->foo = 'foo';
  $this->bar = 'bar';
 }
}

$FooBar = new FooBar();

$str = 'FooBar->foo';

echo $$str;

A: class FooBar
{
 public $foo;
 public $bar;

 public function __construct()
 {
  $this->foo = 'foo';
  $this->bar = 'bar';
 }
 public function getFoo()
 {
  return $this->foo;
 }
}
$fb = new FooBar();
$classname = "fb";
$varname = "bar";

echo call_user_func(array($fb, "getFoo")); // output "foo"
echo call_user_func(array($$classname, "getFoo")); // same here: "foo"
echo $$classname->{$varname}; // "bar"

See call_user_func manual. Also you can access properties like this: $fb->{$property_name}.
Also there is magic method __get which you can use to work with properties that do not even exist.

A: This might be close:
class FooBar
{
 public $foo;
 public $bar;

 public function __construct()
 {
  $this->foo = 'foo';
  $this->bar = 'bar';
 }
}

$FooBar = new FooBar();

$str = 'FooBar->foo';
list($class,$attribute) = explode('->',$str);

echo $$class->{$attribute};

A: It is not possible to do
$str = 'FooBar->foo'; /* or */ $str = 'FooBar::foo';
echo $$str;

because PHP would have to evaluate the operation to the object or class first. A variable variable takes the value of a variable and treats that as the name of a variable. $FooBar->foo is not a name but an operation. You could do this though:
$str = 'FooBar';
$prop = 'foo';
echo $$str->$prop;

From PHP Manual on Variable Variables:

Class properties may also be accessed using variable property names. The variable property name will be resolved within the scope from which the call is made. For instance, if you have an expression such as $foo->$bar, then the local scope will be examined for $bar and its value will be used as the name of the property of $foo. This is also true if $bar is an array access.

Example from Manual:
class foo {
    var $bar = 'I am bar.';
}

$foo = new foo();
$bar = 'bar';
$baz = array('foo', 'bar', 'baz', 'quux');
echo $foo->$bar . "\n";
echo $foo->$baz[1] . "\n";

Both echo calls will output "I am bar".

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Iowa motorists will start getting new license plates next week. It's been 15 years since Iowa switched from the plain, dark blue plate with white letters and numbers to the current skyline design, and that design is sticking around for at least another decade.
LaVonne Short, executive officer of Iowa D.O.T.'s Office of Vehicle Services, says it's time to swap out the old and bolt on the new.
The new plates will look almost the same, with the blue-on-white city skyline and farm-scape, but the sharp eye will notice a few differences. "Earlier this year, we changed the font on the plate from blue to black and we've also made a change with the zeroes," Short says.
"They're no longer just a zero but it's a circle-slash zero on the plate. Later on this summer, when we run out of the current alpha-numeric structure, we will do a switch. Instead of the 111-AAA, the plates will be AAA-111." Iowa does not plan to change up the city/farm design, Short says, as there are already so many other specialty plate options, including collegiate, military and other designs.
While there are just over three-million Iowans, we own 4.1-million registered vehicles.


Ford is kicking off the new year be announcing seven new electrified vehicles that the Blue Oval plans to introduce in the next five years. While the hybrid versions of the Mustang and F-150 will be the heavy hitters of the group, they'll be just part of the $4.5 billion investment in electrified vehicles in the near future. The firm will also develop wireless charging technology that reportedly "makes recharging an electric vehicle as easy as pulling into a parking spot" and EV fleet management technology.
"Our investments and expanding lineup reflect our view that global offerings of electrified vehicles will exceed gasoline-powered vehicles within the next 15 years," said Ford President and CEO Mark Fields.
Ford will tackle the burgeoning crop of electric crossovers by launching one of its own in 2020. According to the Blue Oval, the CUV will have a range of at least 300 miles and will be available in North America, Europe, and Asia. Production will take place after a $700-million expansion of the firm's Flat Rock Assembly Plant in Michigan.
The same factory will build a new hybrid vehicle that Ford will specifically engineer for autonomous ride hailing. This service will start first in North America. A new law in Michigan allowing these services will make the state a potential site for the self-driving models.
Police forces in the United States will also get a more fuel-efficient option from two new pursuit-rated hybrid models for law enforcement. The company will build one of them in Chicago.
Europeans will get a plug-in hybrid of the Transit Custom in 2019, and they'll begin testing there later in 2017. Meanwhile, a fleet of 20 hybrid taxis based on the Transit Connect will test in New York and other major cities in the U.S.
According to Ford, there will also be six more still-undisclosed electrified models coming in the next five years. This total of 13 models will represent a major addition to the automaker's lineup.
FLAT ROCK, Mich., Jan. 3, 2017 – Ford today detailed seven of the 13 new global electrified vehicles it plans to introduce in the next five years, including a plug-in hybrid Transit Custom van in Europe, hybrid versions of the iconic F-150 pickup and Mustang in the US, and a fully electric SUV with an expected range of at least 300 miles for customers globally.
In addition, Ford announces that its global utility lineup will be the company's first hybrids powered by EcoBoost®rather than naturally aspirated engines, furthering improving performance and fuel economy.
The company also plans to be as aggressive in developing global electrified vehicle services and solutions. These include EV fleet management, route planning and telematics solutions.
To support the new era of vehicles, Ford is adding 700 direct new US jobs and investing $700 million during the next four years, creating the new Manufacturing Innovation Centre at its Flat Rock Assembly Plant. Employees there will build the all-new small utility vehicle with extended battery range as well as the fully autonomous vehicle for ride-hailing or ride-sharing – along with the iconic Mustang and Lincoln Continental.
Ford today announced it is cancelling plans for the new plant in San Luis Potosi, Mexico. It also announced that, to improve company profitability and ensure the financial as well as commercial success of this vehicle, the next-generation Focus will be built at an existing plant in Hermosillo, Mexico. This will make way for two new iconic products at Michigan Assembly Plant in Wayne, Michigan, where Focus is manufactured today – safeguarding approximately 3,500 US jobs.
Building on two decades of experience, Ford is applying knowledge and expertise to deliver patented technology, software and services to appeal to all customers including SUV owners, performance enthusiasts, high-volume commercial fleets and truck customers.
In addition, in New York and several major US cities, Ford is testing a fleet of 20 Transit Connect hybrid taxi and van prototypes in some of the world's most demanding traffic conditions.
These Transit Connects build on the success of the world's first hybrid taxi – the Ford Escape Hybrid – which was also the world's first hybrid SUV and the first North American-built hybrid.
Today, Ford is America's top-selling plug-in hybrid brand and second in overall US electrified vehicle sales.
Ford also is piloting wireless technology on company EVs in the US and Europe that make recharging as easy as pulling into a parking spot so drivers never forget to recharge. Wireless recharging extends electric-only range for short distance commuters, even during quick stops. FordPass®also can help consumers reserve charging times.


Protea Pincushions in orange add a touch of whimsy to any DIY arrangement. This extremely popular tropical flower is a splash of orange with hints of green and white on a long leafy stem. A very exotic choice, this flower is guaranteed to draw attention.
Suggestions: This tropical treasure works wonderfully in DIY bouquets with roses or calla lilies and succulents. Use smooth-textured flowers and solid colors to accent this dynamic bloom.
This tropical treasure works wonderfully in DIY bouquets with roses or calla lilies and succulents. Use smooth-textured flowers and solid colors to accent this dynamic bloom.


You may remember that a while back pictures of 50 Cent looking like a skeleton emerged online, with some people assuming it was a hoax/some random crackhead lookalike; refusing to believe that it was the rapper, in any case. It turned out that he was filming a new movie, in which he had to drop over 60 pounds in order to play the role.
The flick, which is called 'Things Fall Apart' and was written, produced and financed by the man himself, stars – you guessed it – Fiddy as an up and coming American Football star, who is diagnosed with cancer just as he makes it into the NFL. If the trailer below is anything to go by, it looks like a super cheesy victory-against-the-odds sports flick, and runs with the amusing line 'in his most critically acclaimed role to date', as though any of 50's role have had any critical acclaim.
Still, it stars Ray Liotta, who's always good value, and Mario Van Peebles, who we assumed was dead, so it can't be all bad. Check it out.


text:
Cross Site Nav
DPRC
CPHA
Population Sciences at Duke
Population Training and Mentoring
Computational Resources
Center Grant Acknowledgements
DUPRI
Filter events by year - All -2023202220212020201920182017201620152014201320122011201020092000
Demography of Health and Aging Seminar: Garrett Baker, Predoctoral Student, Duke Departments of Sociology and Public Policy, presents, "What Parents Want: Families, Inequality, and the Cross-Generational Consequences of Sibling Criminal Justice Contact"
This paper aims to unite three distinct literatures in considering how siblings may exacerbate life course disparities. First, recent calls to expand the one-parent one-offspring model of intergenerational inequality have been met primarily by extending analyses vertically, to a three-generation model that incorporates grandparents. To more fully understand how complex intra-familial dynamics contribute to the transmission of (dis)advantage, however, a nascent literature suggests that we must incorporate siblings into the theoretical and analytic framework. Second, Torche (2015, p. 346) laments that existing literature reveals "very little about causal processes and mechanisms for the persistence of advantage" and urges researchers to start "moving beyond these specific factors to assess how institutional contexts shape intergenerational opportunity". A robust collection of research illuminates the consequences of criminal justice contact for youth, but has developed largely independently of the scholarship on intergenerational transmission. And third, a spirited literature in cultural sociology investigates children's own expectations and aspirations for the future—yet little contemporary work scrutinizes parents' expectations and aspirations for their children. Therefore, in this work in progress, I expand the familial transmission of inequality model to consider how sibling criminal justice system impact children both directly and indirectly (via their influence on parent expectations and aspirations). Using data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN), my initial results suggest fairly large deleterious effects of sibling troubles on parent expectations and aspirations, and these effects seem to be concentrated primarily among focal children who have higher levels of behavioral issues.
Gross Hall, Room 270
Herman Pontzer, Associate Professor of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, presents, "Effects of Lifestyle and Aging on Human Energy Expenditure"
How many calories do you burn each day? How does our daily energy expenditure change with age and exercise? In this talk, we'll discuss new research investigating human metabolism. Dr.
Demography of Health and Aging Seminar: Ruth Wygle, Predoctoral Student, Duke Department of Sociology, presents, "Variation in mortality risk while incarcerated by confinement facility type and hold status"
Jail leasing is the practice by which states enter into contractual agreements with local governments and rent beds in jails to house individuals who would normally be confined in state-operated prisons. In this paper, I examine differences in mortality risk for individuals experiencing incarceration in jails as the result of a leasing agreement compared to the broader jail and prison populations. I do so by describing the deaths of individuals from the jail, prison and leasing population in the US between 2013 and 2019, and calculating the crude and standardized mortality rates for these populations. I find a lower mortality risk for the leasing population compared to the prison population and the general jail population, largely driven by the fact that individuals subjected to leasing agreements are simultaneously insulated from the long sentences experienced by the prison population and from the deaths of despair experienced by the unconvicted jail population.
Robert Apel, Professor, School of Criminal Justice, Rutgers University, presents, "Mass Incarceration, Aging, and the Life Course"
Mass incarceration is a term that describes a historically, comparatively, and demographically unique situation in the United States. It is historically unique because the incarceration rate—especially the prison incarceration rate—grew fourfold in just 30 years, after a long period of relative stability. It is comparatively unique because the U.S. leads the world in incarcerating its citizens. And it is demographically unique because the burden of incarceration is borne disproportionately by men of color. The objective of this study is to document the ways that the experience of incarceration reverberates across many life course domains: employment, education, marriage, fertility, mortality, and health.
Jamie Justice, Assistant Professor of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, presents, "Breaking Ground in Translational Geroscience: from biomarkers to clinical trials"
The geroscience hypothesis posits that common biological mechanisms of aging drive susceptibility of aged individuals to functional decline, multi-morbidity, and death. This seminar will review how we are creating new translational frameworks to test the geroscience hypothesis. Specific examples will include evaluating biomarkers and interventions on cellular senescence, developing aging outcomes and feasible biomarker strategies for clinical trials testing pharmacologic and lifestyle interventions, and re-envisioning existing translational resources to accelerate the pace of geroscience.
Jennifer Dowd, Professor of Demography and Population Health, University of Oxford, presents, "Demographic insights into the COVID-19 pandemic"
Demography has been key to understanding COVID-19 data since the early days of the pandemic. This talk will take stock of demographic insights across the pandemic, with a focus on the impact of COVID-19 on mortality in the US and UK and on the future of population health.
Carmen Gutierrez, Assistant Professor of Public Policy, UNC, presents, "Community Supervision and Health among Latina Women: Understanding Gendered and Racialized Patterns"
The combination of extra-carceral surveillance by the US criminal legal system and the US immigration system may have unique consequences for Latina women in the United States. Rates of community supervision by the criminal legal system (through probation or parole) have grown disproportionately among women and Latinx people in recent decades, and rates of community supervision by the US immigration system (through mechanisms like Alternative to Detention programs)—which have always targeted Latinas—have grown exponentially since the mid-2000s. These forms of community supervision may have distinct and significant consequences for the health and health care of Latinas in the US as they face varying concerns about their immigration status and criminal legal status.
Brielle Bryan, Assistant Professor of Sociology, Rice University, presents, "Maternal Wealth Implications of Child Incarceration"
Qualitative research suggests that mothers play a critical role in supporting adult children both during and after experiences of incarceration, yet the implications of incarceration for the parents of incarcerated individuals have been relatively unexplored in existing research. Wealth research has also largely overlooked questions of how adult children influence parental wealth, tending to instead focus on downward intergenerational processes and transfers from older generations to younger generations. Using mother-child linked data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 and the NLSY79 Child and Young Adult cohort, we investigate whether child incarceration appears to influence maternal wealth, what mechanisms play the largest role in driving this relationship, and, finally, whether accounting for child incarceration history helps to explain the racial wealth gap among American women.
Jenny Trinitapoli, Associate Professor of Sociology, University of Chicago, presents, "Ten years in Balaka, Malawi: An excerpt from in-progress book manuscript, An Epidemic of Uncertainty."
Ten Years in Balaka outlines the main contours of population change in Balaka, Malawi between 2009-2019. This includes rapid population growth, urbanisation, the introduction and proliferation of mobile phones, educational expansion, the arrival of new technologies for treating HIV and a series of three distinct policies for rationing treatment in an environment of high-demand and limited resources. This is a decade of significant social transformation and uncertainty is a predictable accompaniment of change. Dr Jenny Trinitapoli will introduce the Tsogolo La Thanzi (TLT) study, describing its origins, design, procedures, epistemological underpinnings and limitations.
Charles Nunn, Gosnell Family Professor in Global Health & Professor of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, presents, "Shining Evolutionary Light on Human Health in Madagascar"
In this presentation, I will discuss my efforts to connect evolutionary medicine and global health through research in Madagascar. Working with Malagasy partners, we are investigating human and animal health in a rural village in northeastern Madagascar. I will discuss two major groups of projects. One set of projects considers how Malagasy lifestyles – and the ways these lifestyles are changing – influences health and disease. The other projects consider how human land use influences human-animal interactions and zoonotic disease risk.
Duke University Population Research Institute
Duke University, Box 90989
contactdupri@duke.edu


This is a very versatile product that can be used for numerous applications. This is an excellent putting surface that provides a very realistic roll with natural speed. This is also a great product for use on undulated surfaces and portable applications. This product can be installed indoors or outdoors on concrete or a compacted aggregate base and comes in 12′ wide rolls.


I loved the monochrome armchair. Whenever we manage to get somewhere with a little more space, I'd love to add an accent armchair into the mix.
This one was our favourite of the sofas, it was huge though! But sooo comfy. I really like the beds that Made do. Secretly (or probably not so secretly to be honest…) I'd really like to get a new bed. Our bed is only about 3 years old, but it's been through 2 moves, and I'm not entirely sure if it'll make another one..! I'm exaggerating of course, but it's just getting a bit tired. Basically I'm making up an excuse as to why we need a new one… 😀 I really love the fabric bed frames though. They have a touch more of a luxury look and feel to them than a wooden bed and I'm assuming they would be much comfier to sit up against too. Funnily enough, when we moved into our first flat we looked at getting this table ^^ (the smaller version of course) it's beautiful and the square version we looked at still extended out quite far. I'm glad we didn't in the end though, as ALOT of our furniture is white, and I think it would've been a bit too much to have a white dining table too. Our wooden one brings in a bit of texture and colour which I think works quite well. I would eventually quite like to get a smaller table though, but an extending one. Our table is a great size, but much too big for just the two of us, and we rarely use it, so having one that would extend when we have guests over would be much more useful. But I digres..! The showroom was great, I'm so glad I finally went, although I did think they would have home accessories there too to buy, but it was predominantly focussed on the actual furniture. Pretty useful if you're considering buying a sofa or bed though as I know I wouldn't buy a sofa without sitting on it first!
What do you think of Made.com?
This looks like IKEA but cooler and probably more expensive! I love the hexagonal chair in the 4th photo. I've always wanted to have my own library with a reading nook and something like that would be perfect for it.


text:
You are on: Egofelix Magazine - Earth secrets - Spider silk research
Spider silk research
Leave a Comment / Earth secrets / By Andrew C
There are over 35,000 species of spider — and most make spider silk. So there's a dazzling array of silks to choose from for making better bulletproof vests, medial sutures or fishing lines.
Spider silk is incredibly strong — it's stronger than steel at the same weight and thickness. Someday, it could be used in a wide range of products from biodegradable fishing lines to medical sutures to bulletproof vests.
But different spiders make different kinds of silk — and even one spider has different types of silk for different purposes. Cheryl Hayashi is a biologist at the University of California, Riverside studying spider silk.
Cheryl Hayashi: I think that by studying these different silks and by looking at their silk genes, we'll be better able to design these biomaterials that we can use. So for instance, spider silks vary in how stretchy they are, how strong they are, how long they last in the environment. . . And I think differences like that will make for different kinds of products that we can use.
Hayashi was recently awarded a three-year research grant to classify different kinds of spider silks. She'll also search for the genetic codes responsible for silk production. Some of those genetic codes might eventually be put into other animals or plants so that they can produce spider silk.
There are over 35,000 species of spider — and most of them produce silk fibers. So there may be many different forms of silk spun by different spiders. And even within one spider species, there are different types of silk for different purposes. Scientists would like to know which types of spider silk are best for which kinds of applications.
Cheryl Hayashi — a biologist at the University of California, Riverside — was recently awarded a three year research grant to classify different kinds of spider silks based on their strength, stretchiness and durability. She'll also search for the genetic codes responsible for producing silks. Hayashi says the study might even help her understand how the ability to create silk evolved in spiders.
Excerpts from interview with Dr. Cheryl Hayashi:
You've just gotten this new grant to do a project over the next 3 years. What are you hoping to accomplish with this project?
CH: My goals for this project are to try to identify and characterize a variety of silks that are spun by spiders. I want to characterize them both in terms of their performance properties and also identify the genes that are used to code for the proteins in the silk fibers. And, I want to better understand how silk genes have evolved in spiders. And, part of this work will also involve understanding the evolution of the spider themselves.
So, spiders make several types of silk?
CH: Oh yes, spiders make a whole variety of silks. The exact number of silks that spiders can make, well we don't know the answer to that. That's part of what in the long term I hope to try to understand. Individual spiders can spin more than one kind of silk, and different species of spiders can spin different kinds of silks from other species of spiders. So, the diversity of silks out there could be enormous.
So, are you going to be looking at specific silks or are you going to be categorizing many of them?
CH: Actually, both. I'm going to be trying to do both of those kinds of things. Because, since we need a better understanding of the categories of spider silks, I would need to first of all try to identify what are the different varieties of silks out there. There are some silks that have been pretty well characterized, such as the dragline silk. So for instance, I could look at the dragline silks from a whole variety of spider species. But, on the other hand, I would also want to find out, you know, exactly what are the different types of silks that are used by an assortment of species.
So, what is a dragline silk?
CH: Dragline silk is the trailing safety line that almost all spiders leave behind them. So for instance, you know when spiders drop down from, for instance, the edge of your roof or they drop down from a branch on a tree, they are always suspended by a little trailing safety thread, and that's called the dragline. And, the dragline is also used by spiders to make the frame of their webs. So for instance, a spider that makes an orb web, the typical sort of circular, wagon-wheel web. All those webs have a frame that's also made by the same dragline silk.
The orb web is the one that you said looks like a wagon wheel?
CH: Yeah, it's a circular web with a capture spiral on it. If you think back to Charlotte's Web, Charlotte was an orb weaving spider.
You said you were going to identify the genes that code these silks. How are you going to go about doing that?
CH: The way I do that is I take spiders and I remove their silk glands. And in the silk glands, the genes that encode the silk proteins are very highly expressed, because that's, you know, the part of the spider that's actively making, synthesizing silk protein. And so, by taking the silk glands from the spider, I can then using a variety of genetic techniques, I can actually look for spider silk protein gene sequences in those silk glands.
What does highly expressed mean?
CH: Highly expressed means the gene is actually activated, and the gene is actually turned on and is being used by the organism to make the specific protein. So for instance, you know, all our cells have the same genes in them, but depending on where the cell is in your body it's making a different suite of proteins.
So, then the ones in the silk glands are going to be highly expressed because they are being used by the silk glands.
CH: Exactly, well for instance genes for venom proteins will be highly expressed in the venom glands of spiders.
Why do you think the average person should care about the project?
CH: Well, there are several reasons why I think the average person should care. First of all, there has been a lot of interest in spider silks as a novel biomaterial. So, in the future I fully expect to see a whole line of products out there made from spider silk — things like biodegradable fishing lines, medical sutures, different kinds of rope, and also things like bullet proof vests. People have been saying that spider silks might have a really good application there. So I think that in the near future we're going to start seeing these spider silk products out there. And, basically, there's a whole diversity of spiders out there and they are all doing something a little bit different. [10:25] I think that by studying these different silks and by looking at silk genes we'll be better able to design these biomaterials that we can use. So for instance, spider silks vary in by how stretchy they are, how strong they are, how long they last in the environment-do the spiders use them on the order of one day and then replace the silk line or are they using them for years? And I think differences like that will make for different kinds of products that we can use.
So what are the advantages of using spider silk over other traditional materials for these products?
CH: Well, it turns out that the spider silks that have been looked at tend to have greater strength and toughness for the amount of material you have. So, basically by weight, spider silk, for instance, is much stronger and tougher than high tensile steel. And that has to do with the properties of spider silks when you account for how fine and light they are. A typical spider silk is one to two orders of magnitude thinner than human hair.
But it has a strength that's greater than the same size in steel?
CH: Yes. If you could scale steel down to size of spider silk, spider silk is far superior. And similarly, if you could scale spider silk up to the size of a steel bar, it could be amazing what you could do with such a material. So people are looking into applications of what we call recombinant spider silk — spider silk that's not made by spiders but we put spider silk into other organisms to mass produce spider silk. So the potential for spider silk for commercial technology I think is one of the main reasons why the average person should care about this. And, also all the research that I will be doing — all the genetic information, all the performance information-that will all be put on public databases, so other scientists, high school students could have access to all this data.
And, what do you think this field of research will look like in 20 years?
CH: That's where I think things get really exciting. So right now it's pretty time-consuming and also pretty expensive to clone each of these spider silk genes. I think that those techniques will just get better and more streamlined. So I expect that within the next ten years it will be very easy and routine to say catch a spider and characterize its silk properties and silk gene sequence. So, I hope that will be much easier, so for instance I could look at hundreds of spiders rather than about ten spiders in the period of a couple of years. Also, if you look forward to 20 years, you know if you think about how spiders use their silk, it's one thing to study how the genes that make the silk proteins but I could hand you a blob of silk and we couldn't really do too much with it. It would just be a blob of silk. And similarly for a spider they need to not only make silk proteins, but they need to be able to spin the silk into a fiber and then spin that fiber into the various kinds of web that they use. And so, in twenty years people might be looking at the genetics of web spinning behaviors. That would be a completely new avenue of research that right now is not accessible.
So it's not just the components of the silk, it's how it is spun.
CH: Exactly. When we look at the evolution of spiders and the evolution of how they use silk, there are three major components there. One is that spiders have to have the silk proteins, sort of the raw material for the silks. Second, spiders have to have the machinery to actually spin the silk proteins into a usable fiber. So, that would be their spinnerets and the different types of nozzles and tubes associated with those spinnerets that actually turn silk proteins into fibers. And the third thing is the behaviors. For instance, if you think about an orb web, it's an amazing structure. What are the behavioral sequences used to construct such architecture? And what are the genes underlying those behaviors? And how have those genes changed over time?
CH: The biodiversity of spiders is really quite enormous. We have over 35,000 described species. That means species that have been named and that people have drawn pictures of in the scientific literature. So, that means there are far more spiders out there that have never been described. So if you just think about the biodiversity of spiders and the fact that they live in all terrestrial environments, you start realizing just how interesting this could be to look at the diversity of their silk genes. There are all kinds of spiders out there, they live in pretty much all terrestrial habitats, and they all do something a little different from each other.
Carbon Below
Carbon dioxide, or CO2, makes up a tiny fraction of Earth's atmosphere, and yet CO2 can have a big effect on long-term warming of our…
Cady Coleman – Astronaut Life
When Cady Coleman went to college to study chemistry, she never dreamed she'd end up becoming an astronaut. A conversation with Cady Coleman Cady Coleman…
Dancing the Light Fantastic
"A miniature green machine" may one day stockpile energy for later use, perhaps by splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen. One of the two main…
Why does the sky turn a strange color before a tornado?
One warning that a serious storm or a tornado is approaching comes from the color of the sky. A reader's question about changes in sky…
Andrew C
Everything is changing and transient from one moment to another. In this life I have the opportunity to change something by telling everyone something about truth, nature, love, universe, peace and tranquility, balance and respect we should have for nature around us.


Join Whiteboy Stew & Slayton as we bring you another jammed packed show here at the 10 FOR 10 U!!! We will talk all the biggest stories and scores from another crazy weekend of college football!! Here at the 10 for 10 U we also get you ready for the weekend coming up!! We give you our WHATS UP & WHATS DOWN in college football, along with who was looking fresh while on the college gridiron with UNIFORM OF THE WEEK!! We will give you our picks for this weekends games and our LOCKS OF THE WEEK!
ITS TIME TO GO TO CLASS HERE AT THE 10 FOR 10 U!!!
DOWNLOAD THE PODCAST ON IPHONE & ANDROID ANYTIME!!!


text:
Home / News / Maumee / Social Media Threat At Maumee High School Leads To School Shutdown
Social Media Threat At Maumee High School Leads To School Shutdown
Maumee High School students and staff were sent home today following a threat that was made against the school on the social media platform Snapchat. A 14-year old MHS freshman has been arrested in connection to the incident. MIRROR PHOTO BY MIKE MCCARTHY
BY NANCY GAGNET | MIRROR REPORTER — Maumee police have arrested a 14-year old Maumee High School freshman for posting social media threats that led to the shutdown of both Maumee High School and St. John's Jesuit High School today.
Third-degree felony charges are pending against the youth that include "making terroristic threats" against both districts. He will be charged in juvenile court.
Maumee police arrested the student this afternoon, hours after the post was made, said Maumee police Lt. Jeff Siebenaler. There was no evidence indicating that an actual attack was being planned or that an attack was imminent at either school.
While the youth who was arrested attends MHS, some of his friends attend St. John's, which was his connection to that school, the lieutenant said.
"It's a bad prank, a very serious prank that has some very serious consequences," Siebenaler said,
Maumee school district superintendent Dr. Todd Cramer released a statement indicating that Maumee High School would be in session tomorrow. He also encouraged continued vigilance when it comes to situations like this.
"Because we always have and will continue to put student safety first, we encourage students, staff and parents to say something whenever they become aware of a potential threat. Thank you for your continued support of our students," he said.
Shortly after 7:00 a.m. this morning the parent of a high school student notified police that a threat had been made against the school on Snapchat.
While officers immediately contacted school officials about the situation several students and staff were already en route to school.
After the students and staff arrived, the school went into a security lockdown before being dismissed without incident.
St. John's had already canceled classes today.
Previous Anthony Wayne Area Adds 245 New Homes In 2017
Next Waterville Gas Co. Donates Two Buildings To Historical Society


Snap-on stud welder with slide hammer, hand puller, rivens, studs and the types of heads. Great dent pulling tool Used but in great working order. Text me at show contact infoif interested.
Brand new. ball joint master set, bolt-grip puller set and slide hammer. $850 for all 3.


text:
GENRES & TAGS
Tag Results for MOBA
Paladins – Champions of the Realm
Paladins is a free to play 3d shooter available on steam where you enter a fantasy world of ancient technology, a team-based first person shooter with strategy elements and deep character customization. Through a unique collectible card system, you can amplify and increase your character's core set of abilities to …
Clash Royale is a real-time multiplayer battle arena from the creators of Clash of Clans staring the Royales, your favorite Clash characters and much, much more. Collect and upgrade dozens of cards featuring the Clash of Clans troops, spells and defenses you know and love, as well as the Royales: …
Dragons and Titans
Independent developer Wyrmbyte, in partnership with indie publisher Versus Evil, today announced that their new MOBA, Dragons and Titans, which delivers fast matches and unique and fun gameplay options, has received several important updates, including the implementation of an improved control scheme. After listening to community feedback, the developer decided …
Merc Elite: Open Beta starts in Europe
Bigpoint announced the open beta launch for Merc Elite in Europe. The world's first military-themed MOBA game (Multiplayer Online Battle Arena) is set to hit the market in the fall of 2013 as a free-to-play browser title. "After a successful close beta phase, we are delighted to grant access to …
Merc Elite Reaches Closed-Beta
Bigpoint new MOBA title Merc Elite will enter closed beta today. Merc Elite, the world's first military-themed MOBA game, will be released as a free-to-play title in summer 2013. To coincide with the launch of the invite-only test phase, Bigpoint is also releasing the first Merc Elite video, which provides …
Universal Monsters Online
Universal Monsters Online in a new free-to-play Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) game, that brings together all of Universal's iconic monsters into one competitive experience. Players will be able to raise terror as legendary characters like Dracula, Frankenstein, The Wolf Man, and many more. Published by BigPoint in partnership with …
Realm of The Titans
Realm of the Titans or RotT, is a new MOBA (Multiplayer Online Battle Arena) styled action game published by Aeria games. It features top notch 3d graphics and fast paced gameplay, it can be downloaded and played for free online. In RotT, you control a team of up to five heroes …
LOCO: Evolution Update
The free-to-play MOBA game LOCO: Evolution now provides its players with an additional hero. The machine creature Crassus causes devastation on the battlefield with spectacular melee attacks. Moreover, this update improves the skills of LOCO heroine Minity Grey. The latest LOCO addition, Crassus, is a real heavyweight. Measuring more than …
Prime World is a cross-platform, social strategy game, which fuses the intense action of competitive multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) sessions with the fun, social pleasures of castle building and hero recruiting. Welcome to Prime World, where you reign as ruler of your castle, assemble a personal army of imposing …
Rise of Immortals, New Immortal – KAOS has arrived!
Overview Kaos is an energy based range character who excels at dealing constant damage from a relatively safe distance with his skills. Once the teams are fully committed to combat Kaos sneaks in during the havoc to deal tremendous damage. Background "I was running. But I wasn't scared. Me and …
Subscribe our Daily Newsletter.
Online Games List
ANDROID GAMES LIST
Facebook Games List
Free MMORPG List
Free Online Games Directory
MMO Sports Games List
Online Shooter Games List
Online Strategy Games list
Top Online games - We give you the best Online Games List, you can find the best MMORPG, Browser, Facebook and mobile Games in our Online Games List, to help you decide what to play.
Free Games for Girls
Free-To-Play Racing Games
Free-To-Play Shooter Games
Online Sports Games
Suggest a game
Social Games List
Il Tempio dei Giochi
Copyright © 2011-2017 OnlineGamesList.org


text:
Q: Changing the look of form buttons With this little bit of CSS, my form buttons now look flattened (2D) and I quite like the look:
input {
  border: 1px solid #999;
}

However, for file fields (select file to upload), the button is still 3D. And then the border goes all around that button and the text next to it.
I tried fixing this problem by renaming input to .input, and then only applying it to my Submit/Cancel buttons, but now they look like how the file field looks. So how do I fix this so they all look flattened/2D?
Also, is there a way to create these form buttons as normal links? I quite like how they look. I'm programming in Rails so it would be nice if you could post the helper function for that if it's available.

A: This article explains nice tricks to style the file input button

A: http://extjs.com/forum/showthread.php?t=29032
This thread uses the ExtJS library to create an input button that can be styled. I wouldn't necessarily use ExtJS for this one reason alone, but if you really want to get fancy look at the code for his file button. Instead of positioning the file button on top of your image and tweaking it till it works nicely, this piece of Javascript actually centers the button wherever your mouse is. Allowing you to create extremely fancy looking buttons of all shapes and sizes.

A: To create the submit button as a normal text link you could attach an onclick events with Javascript instead to a single word instead of using the submit button.


19-Feb-19 • Michelle Howarth • Comments Off on Exciting News – We Now Supply a Large Range of Ambient Goods!
13-Nov-18 • Michelle Howarth • Comments Off on 16 years of holding an accreditation!
2-Jul-18 • Michelle Howarth • Comments Off on Cold, Cold Snow to Hot, Hot Sun!
18-Jun-18 • Michelle Howarth • Comments Off on Catch Up Time!
15-Feb-18 • Michelle Howarth • Comments Off on Sam's Journey to a Healthier and Happier 2018 Part 2 – Week 3 & 4.
1-Feb-18 • Michelle Howarth • Comments Off on Sam's Journey to a Healthier and Happier 2018 – Week 1 & 2.
25-Jan-18 • Michelle Howarth • Comments Off on Childrens Health – looking after the next generation.
18-Jan-18 • Michelle Howarth • Comments Off on Yorkshire Forced Rhubarb Loved in London!


text:
\section{Introduction}

With the advent of the Hubble Space Telescope and
large optical telescopes, planetary nebulae (PNe) came to be known to possess
complex structures including multiple shells and collimated outflows, of which
the origins still remain puzzling (e.g. Gurzadyan 1997). In addition,
PNe display various nebular morphology ranging from elliptical to spherical,
bipolar (or of butterfly shape), point-symmetrical and irregular. However, the
physical explanation for the morphological diversity is not found
(e.g. Corradi \& Schwarz 1995).

Noting that symbiotic stars, widely known to be binary systems of a cool
giant and a hot white dwarf or a main sequence star, exhibit
bipolar emission nebulae, Soker (1998) advocated the view that the bipolar
morphology in planetary nebulae is attributed to the binarity in the central
star system. Evolutionary links between symbiotic
stars and PNe have been also proposed by a number of
researchers (e.g. Corradi 1995). Currently one of the most controversial
issues is the existence of an accretion disk in symbiotic stars and bipolar
PNe. According to the recent SPH computations by
Mastrodemos \& Morris (1998), in a detached binary system consisting of
a mass losing giant and a companion star, the slow and dusty stellar
wind from the giant may induce the formation of an accretion disk
around the companion star (see also Theuns et al. 1996).

Circumstantial evidence supporting this scenario was provided
by Lee \& Park (1999), who proposed that a disk type emission model
can naturally explain the main characteristics of the profiles and
the polarized fluxes of the Raman-scattered 6830 and 7088 \AA\ features
in the symbiotic star RR Tel.
The Raman scattering process by atomic hydrogen has been introduced by
Schmid (1989), who identified the 6830 and 7088\ \AA\ bands
in symbiotic stars as the Raman scattered O~VI 1032, 1038 doublet.
A thick H~I component around the giant companion in a symbiotic star
is believed to act as the Raman-scatterer which converts the UV continuum
around Ly$\beta$ into the optical continuum.

The young and compact PN IC~4997 is particularly interesting in that it
also displays a hint of bipolar morphology, as is revealed in the radio
image presented by Miranda \& Torrelles (1998).
Miranda et al. (1996) presented spectroscopy of IC~4997 which shows
very broad wings around H$\alpha$ with FWHM $5375\ {\rm km\ s^{-1}}$.
IC~4997 is not the only PN showing the broad H$\alpha$ wings.
The bipolar planetary nebula M~2-9 is also known to exhibit
extremely broad wings with width $\sim 10^4\ {\rm km\ s^{-1}}$ in H$\alpha$
(Balick 1989, see also Torres-Peimbert \& Arrieta 1998).

Patriarchi and Perinotto (1991) used the IUE data of 159 planetary nebulae
to find that about 60 per cent of central stars have a stellar wind
with a measured edge velocity ranging 600 to $3500\ {\rm km\ s^{-1}}$.
Feibelman (1982) presented IUE spectroscopy  of IC~4997  and found no
evidence of P-Cygni profile in C~IV 1550 doublet, which strongly implies
the absence of strong stellar winds around the central star. This makes
it difficult to attribute the broad wing around H$\alpha$ in IC~4997
to the kinematics associated with the fast stellar wind.

Electron scattering has been often invoked to explain the wing
formation in luminous blue variables (Bernat \& Lambert 1978).
However, it does not appear to be the case in IC 4997 since
the Thomson scattering cross section is independent
of wavelength and therefore broad wings should be present around other
emission lines. Furthermore, in a planetary nebula,
it is difficult to incorporate an electron scattering component
with the electron temperature $T_e > 10^6\ {\rm K}$ and a sufficient
scattering optical depth.

An interesting observation of IC~4997 is provided by Altschuler et al. (1986),
who reported the detection of H~I in IC~4997 by observing the 21 cm absorption
dip (see also Schneider et al. 1987). With a large amount of atomic hydrogen,
the broad wings around H$\alpha$ can be formed by Rayleigh-Raman
scattering, where the incident radiation in the
vicinity of Ly$\beta$ converted to the radiation around H$\alpha$ with a
width broadened by a factor of $\lambda_{H\alpha}/\lambda_{Ly\beta} = 6.4$
due to the incoherency of the scattering process.  In this Letter, we
investigate the broad H$\alpha$
wing formation through the Rayleigh-Raman scattering process and discuss the
implications on the astrophysics of bipolar planetary nebulae.

\section{Model}

\subsection{Wing Formation from the Rayleigh-Raman Process}

In this work, we adopt a simple model to investigate the wing formation
through the Rayleigh-Raman process. We assume that the
scattering region is in the form of a finite slab
with the column density $N_{HI}$ with the solid angle $\Omega_s$ with
respect to the radiation source, which coincides with the central star
of the planetary nebula. We discuss the Ly$\beta$ line radiation source
in the next subsection and now we assume that the scattering region
is illuminated by a far UV radiation source with intensity $I_\lambda$.

A UV photon around Ly$\beta$ is incident on a hydrogen atom in the ground
state $1s$, which subsequently de-excites either to the $2s$ state
re-emitting an optical photon around H$\alpha$ (Raman scattering) or to
the $1s$ state resulting in an outgoing UV photon with the same frequency
(Rayleigh scattering). Depending on the scattering optical depth,
a UV photon may suffer a number of Rayleigh scatterings followed by a
Raman scattering and escape the scattering region, because the $2s$ state
is usually populated negligibly compared with the ground state.

The incident wavelength
$\lambda_i$ and the wavelength $\lambda_o$ of the Raman-scattered radiation
are related by the energy conservation,
$\lambda_i^{-1} = \lambda_o^{-1} + \lambda_{Ly\alpha}^{-1}, $
which yields the conversion of the wavelength interval
\begin{equation}
\Delta\lambda_o/\lambda_o= (\lambda_o/\lambda_i)
(\Delta\lambda_i/\lambda_i).
\end{equation}
Because of the factor $\lambda_o/\lambda_i$, UV photons
with a width $\Delta V_i$ centered at Ly$\beta$ are spread around
H$\alpha$ with a broadened width $\Delta V_o = 6.4 \Delta V_i$.

The number of UV photons incident on the scattering region per unit time
per unit wavelength interval is given by
$I_{\lambda_i}(T_*) \pi R_*^2\Omega_s /(hc/\lambda_i)$.
We introduce the parameter $C_R(\lambda_i)$, which is the conversion factor
from UV to optical through the Rayleigh-Raman scattering process.
The conversion factor $C_R(\lambda_i)$ depends sensitively on the wavelength
and the column density  as well as the detailed geometry of the scattering
region, and can be computed using a Monte Carlo technique
(see Lee \& Yun 1998).

The number of Raman-scattered photons coming out from
the region per unit time per unit wavelength interval is given by
\begin{equation}
N_{H\alpha}=[I_{\lambda_i}(T_*) \pi R_*^2\Omega_s /(hc/\lambda)]C_R(\lambda)
\lambda_i^2/\lambda_o^2.
\end{equation}
Therefore, the Raman-scattered flux is
\begin{eqnarray}
F^{Ram}(\lambda) &=& N_{H\alpha}(hc/\lambda)/r^2 \nonumber \\
&=& F^{UV}(\lambda_i)\times C_{eff}
\end{eqnarray}
where $F^{UV}(\lambda_i)\equiv [I_{\lambda_i}\pi R_*^2/ r^2]$
is the flux that would be observed from the radiation source with
a size $R_*$ located at a distance $r$  and
$C_{eff}\equiv
[\Omega_s C_R(\lambda_i)\lambda_i^3/\lambda^3]$ is the effective Raman
conversion efficiency.

\subsection{Conversion Efficiency}
In Fig.~1, we present the Raman conversion efficiency $C_R(\lambda)$ for
H~I column densities $N_{HI}=10^{19}, 10^{20}$, and $10^{21}\ {\rm cm^{-2}}$,
using the Monte Carlo code developed by Lee \& Yun (1998).
In the optically thin regime, the single scattering approximation holds so
that
\begin{equation}
C_R(\lambda) = \tau_{tot} (\sigma_{Ram}/\sigma_{tot}).
\end{equation}
In the optically thick limit, the conversion rate is investigated by
Lee \& Lee (1997), who proposed an empirical relation
\begin{equation}
C_R(\lambda)=\sum_n r_{\sigma}f(n)/\sum_n[(1-r_{\sigma})\beta(n)+r_{\sigma}]
f(n),
\end{equation}
where $r_{\sigma}\equiv \sigma_{Ram}/\sigma_{tot}$. Here,
$\beta(n) \simeq {1\over2}e^{-\sqrt{n}}$ is the escape probability from the
$n$th scattering site, and $f(n)$ is the photon number flux scattered no
less than $n$ times which is obtained recursively by
\begin{equation}
f(n+1)=(1-r_{\sigma})[1-\beta(n)]f(n).
\end{equation}
A direct substitution with $r_{\sigma}=0.11$ near the line center
yields $C_R(\lambda)=0.6$, which is in excellent agreement with the
result shown in Fig.~1.

\subsection{Photoionization Structures of the Emission Nebula}

In this subsection we discuss the Ly$\beta$ flux that may enter the
scattering region.
Hyung et al. (1994) performed a photoionization computation to conclude
that the observed emission lines are reproduced approximately using
a model consisting of a thin shell of density $n\sim 10^7\ {\rm cm^{-3}}$
surrounded by a much larger shell with a much lower density $\sim 10^4\
{\rm cm^{-3}}$. They also noted that the N~III] $\lambda1754/\lambda1749$
ratio may indicate the existence of a much denser region with
$n\ge 10^9\ {\rm cm^{-3}}$ (e.g. see Czyzak et al. 1986).

We use the photoionization code `CLOUDY 90.05' developed by
Ferland (1996) to obtain the Ly$\beta$ flux that is expected around
a central star of a PN. We fix the temperature and radius of the central star
to be $T_*=6\times 10^4\ {\rm K}$, $R_*=R_\odot$ and compute the hydrogen
emission line fluxes for densities $n=10^{6}-10^{10}\ {\rm cm^{-3}}$.
According to Hyung et al. (1994) the observed H$\alpha$ luminosity is
$4\times 10^{35}\ {\rm erg\ s^{-1}}$ assuming the distance $d=2.4\ {\rm kpc}$
to IC~4997 and the interstellar extinction parameter
$C$ =  log I(H$\beta$)/F(H$\beta$) = 0.8
where the observed flux F(H$\beta$) in H$\beta$ = 2.95$\times 10^{-11}$
ergs~s$^{-1}$~cm$^{-2}$.

In Table~1, we show the result. This shows that the observed H$\alpha$ flux
is obtained from a region of density $n\sim 10^7\ {\rm cm^{-3}}$, for
which we get a much smaller Ly$\beta$ flux. However, when $n\sim
10^{9-10}\ {\rm cm^{-3}}$, a much larger Ly$\beta$ flux is obtained.
Therefore, if there exists an emission region of density $n\sim 10^{9-10}\
{\rm cm^{-3}}$, we may have a sufficient number of Ly$\beta$ photons
to fill the H$\alpha$ wings. Furthermore, this region is plausibly located
much closer to the central star than other emission regions are.
Hence assuming that the distance is $\sim 0.1\ {\rm AU}$, we may expect
that there is a high velocity dispersion of order $100\ {\rm km\ s^{-1}}$
in the region.

\section{Result}

In Fig.~2, by the dotted lines we show the H$\alpha$ wings expected from
the Rayleigh-Raman processes. For the incident Ly$\beta$ flux we use
$L_{Ly\beta} = 6\times 10^{35}\ {\rm erg\ s^{-1}}$, which is expected
to be obtained from an unresolved core of high density $n\sim 10^{9-10}\
{\rm cm^{-3}}$ near the central star.
We tested two types of profiles for
the incident Ly$\beta$ flux, that is, a top-hat profile with a width
of $300\ {\rm km\ s^{-1}}$ and a Gaussian with the same velocity width.
We present the results for the best-fitting column density of
the scattering region which is $N_{HI} =2\times 10^{20}\ {\rm cm^{-2}}$
for the incident top-hat profile and $N_{HI} =4\times 10^{20}\ {\rm cm^{-2}}$
for the Gaussian profile.  In this work, we concentrate only on the wing
parts farther than $300 \ {\rm km\ s^{-1}}$
($\Delta \lambda > 6.5 \ {\rm \AA}$ around H$\alpha$) from the line center.

Because the top-hat profile for the incident Ly$\beta$ provides an
excellent fit to the observed H$\alpha$ wing profile,
we expect that other types of input profiles can also produce
a good fit
except for some extreme cases. This is illustrated by another good fit
using a Gaussian profile shown in Fig.~2(b).
However, we realize the much higher column
density, i.e. by a factor of 2, is required in the latter case.

In this work, the incident
Ly$\beta$ flux was computed with a highly simplified assumption. An
introduction of a velocity field in the emission region may alter drastically
both the strength and the profile of the emergent line flux. Furthermore
the scattering region is complex and consists of a number of components
differing in column density and geometrical shape.
Therefore, a better fit can  be
assured  from composite scattering region models and more complicated
radiative transfer, which are
deferred to a future investigation. Since the extreme wings are formed by the
scatterers located in the equatorial region, we
predict stronger polarization in these regions than in the near center regions
that are formed by scatterers distributed nearly spherically.

\section{Discussion}

The exact location of the scattering region with $N_{HI}= 10^{20}\ {\rm cm^{-2}}$
is not well-constrained from this analysis.
If the bipolar morphology has originated from a binary central
star system as in symbiotic stars advocated by Soker (1998),
 the binary companion of IC~4997
may provide a scattering site in the form of
an extended stellar atmosphere or a slow and probably dusty stellar wind.
This situation is often met in symbiotic stars, where a slow and thick
wind from a giant companion may act as a Raman scattering site. In this
picture, the column density of $\sim 10^{20}\ {\rm cm^{-2}}$ is more
plausibly attributed to the slow stellar wind.

In the bipolar planetary nebula M2-9, Balick (1989) observed  the spectrum
similar to that of the symbiotic star RR Tel.
M2-9 might be the case of a binary central star system. Since there exists
a thick circumstellar region in M2-9, the extremely wide
H$\alpha$ wings with a width $11000\ {\rm km\ s^{-1}}$
are likely to be formed through the Raman process in a scattering region
of column density $N_{HI}\sim 10^{21}\ {\rm cm^{-2}}$.

Broad H$\alpha$ wings are found in a number of post-AGB stars
according to a recent report by Van de Steene et al. (1999), who
excluded several theoretical possibilities as the wing formation
mechanism including Thomson scattering and Rayleigh
scattering. Considering that in post-AGB stars much H~I can be found
in the stellar wind region and/or in a dense torus surrounding the central
star, it is very convincing that the broad H$\alpha$ wings in these systems
are also attributable to Rayleigh-Raman scattering.
So far the Raman-scattering is unique to symbiotic stars and the only
exception appears to be the young planetary nebula NGC~7027, from which a
Raman-scattered He~II line has been identified (P\'equignot et al. 1997).
From this study broad H$\alpha$ wings are expected to be found in
a hot and dense H~II region surrounded by an H~I region, where the
conditions may be met in objects including symbiotic stars,
supernova remnants, and galactic supershells.

Since the Rayleigh-Raman scattering provides a strong constraint on the amount
of H~I in the nebula, it can be an important tool in studying the mass loss
process in the late stage of AGB evolution. Through high quality spectra
around Balmer emission lines, the physical parameters of the central star
can be estimated, which is complementary to the information obtained by
other methods such as the Zanstra method. We also note that spectropolarimetry
can provide more detailed structural information as mentioned in section 3.

\acknowledgments

HWL is grateful to Chul-Sung Choi and Hwankyung Sung for helpful comments and
discussion. He also thanks the hospitality during his visit to the
Korea Institute for Advanced Study. This  research was supported in part
by Star Research Grant through No. Star~99-2-500-00  to the
KAO/BOAO sponsored by the Korea Ministry of Science and Technology.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


On September 17, 2018, Triumph Real Estate Investment Fund acquired Triumph Carling Plaza located at 1657-1673 Carling Avenue in Ottawa, ON. This is the first acquisition in the Ontario market and it was acquired for $5,250,000 and appraised at $5,700,000. The property is fully leased with mixed-use retail on the main floor and offices on the second floor. The Carling acquisition brings the total portfolio to nine properties, 4 in Canada and 5 south of the border. This acquisition also represents the last property that will be acquired by Triumph Real Estate Investment Fund.


text:
At 100, Herbert Douglas can still see his impact on Olympians, Black business — Andscape
Herbert P. Douglas Jr. doesn't move as swiftly despite once being a world-class athlete. Mounting years and a heart valve replacement three years ago have all contributed to the change.
"I get up each morning, drink a Glucerna because it has all of the vitamins in it, and watch some TV," Douglas said. "I might read the newspaper, but it has become so thin that you can see right through it."
On Saturday, all eyes will be on Douglas as he celebrates his 100th birthday at an event hosted by the Senator John Heinz History Center in Pittsburgh.
More than 100 local and national celebrities and athletes will honor Douglas, the oldest living U.S. Olympic medalist. He won a bronze medal in the long jump at the 1948 Games in London. He also became one of the first African American men to attain vice president of a national company and created a yearly award to honor fellow Olympic great Jesse Owens.
"I've been blessed with a wonderful family, and they've all catered to this young old man," Douglas said of his wife Minerva, son Herbert III, daughter Barbara and grandchild Christopher. "God has seriously wanted me to have a comfortable life."
Douglas has made such an indelible impact on so many Olympians that they consider him a second father, such as John Carlos ( 1968, 200 meters), Tommie Smith ( 1968, 200 meters), Cynthia Stinger ( 1984, 1988, 1992, handball) and Charles Jenkins Jr. ( 1992, 4×400 meters).
"We call him 'Daddy Herb,' " said Roger Kingdom, a speed and conditioning coach with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers since 2019 who won gold in the 110-meter hurdles at the 1984 and 1988 Olympics. "My biological father wasn't into athletics and he didn't know much about business, but Mr. Douglas was right there for me while I was in school in Pittsburgh. He answered the tough questions and paved the way for me."
Edwin Moses, who won Olympic gold medals in the 400-meter hurdles in 1976 and 1984 and bronze in 1988, said Douglas has been a great adviser.
"He advised me at the end of my career to get an MBA and to learn business," said Moses, now a consultant and public speaker. "Because of Herb, I also learned about public relations and he introduced me to the world of philanthropy. His support helped me to do things I'm doing today."
Herbert Douglas Jr., pictured at the 2017 Cleveland Summit, has been a mentor to many Black athletes during and after their careers.
Duane Prokop/Getty Images for Hennessy
Growing up in the Hazelwood section of Pittsburgh, Douglas received support and developed his drive from his father, Douglas Sr., who owned an automobile repair shop. At 41, Douglas Sr. suffered a heart attack and went blind, but he went on to open and run three parking garages. According to an article in Ebony magazine, he also became the first African American to obtain a guide dog from Seeing Eye Inc.
"My dad was able to do a remarkable job despite being sightless," Douglas said. "He taught me how to be positive in everything, and that's how I was able to succeed in corporate America. He taught me the four principles of life: to analyze, organize, initiate and follow through."
Douglas' ascension in sports began when he enrolled at Xavier University of Louisiana in New Orleans. In 1942, he helped Xavier become the first historically Black college and university to win at the Penn Relays in Philadelphia.
A homesick Douglas withdrew from Xavier and returned to Pittsburgh to help his father in the business. Douglas enrolled at the University of Pittsburgh in 1945 following World War II and won four intercollegiate championships in the long jump and one in the 100-yard dash. He also captured three national Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) championships in the long jump.
Douglas was also one of the first African Americans to play football for Pittsburgh and was inducted into the inaugural Pittsburgh Hall of Fame in 2018.
In 1948, Douglas made the Olympic team and competed in the London Olympic Games, where he won a bronze in the long jump at 24 feet, 9 inches.
But like many African American Olympians then, including the legendary Owens, Douglas couldn't cash in on his Olympic success. He stopped competing and returned to school, earning a master's degree in education in 1950. Douglas became a sales representative and eventually a special markets manager for the Pabst Brewing Co. shortly after graduation. There were few African American salespeople during the 1950s and 1960s, but Douglas managed to thrive.
Success at Pabst Brewing landed Douglas at premium wine and spirits importer Schieffelin & Somerset Co., which eventually became Moet Hennessy. From 1977 to 1980, he worked as vice president of urban market development, one of the first African Americans in that position in the country.
"He answered the tough questions and paved the way for me."
Olympic gold medalist Roger Kingdom on Herbert Douglas' impact on him while in college
Douglas became one of the first African American officers of a major U.S. company, following former major leaguer Jackie Robinson, named vice president of Chock Full o'Nuts coffee in 1957; Harvey C. Russell, named vice president of Pepsi-Cola in 1962; and former MLB pitcher Joe Black, named vice president of special markets for Greyhound Lines Inc. in 1967.
In his role with the importing company, Douglas helped popularize Hennessy Cognac. He said many African Americans who traveled overseas were treated well and were introduced to cognac, and expected the same premium brandy options when they returned home.
"I picked up on that and pushed it here in the States," Douglas said.
Douglas started another push in the early 1970s to honor his hero when the idea of the Jesse Owens Award and Jesse Owens Global Peace Award was born.
Herbert Douglas (center), with former NFL wide receiver Brandon Marshall (left) and movie director Spike Lee (right) at the 2017 Jesse Owens International Athlete Trophy Gala in New York City, worked to create the Jesse Owens Award for the outstanding male and female athletes each year in U.S. track and field, as well as the Jesse Owens Global Peace Award.
Brian Killian/WireImage
Owens achieved world fame by winning four gold medals ( 100 meters, 200 meters, long jump and 4×100 meter relay) at the 1936 Games in Berlin. Owens' achievements defied German dictator Adolf Hitler, who had hoped to use the Games to promote the Nazi Party's belief in Aryan supremacy.
In the early 1970s, Douglas talked to Owens about the AAU James E. Sullivan Award, given to the nation's best amateur athlete. Douglas learned that Owens remained disappointed that he never won the award.
"I knew I had to rectify that," Douglas said.
Since 1981, the Jesse Owens Award is USA track and field's highest accolade, presented annually to the outstanding U.S. male and female track and field athletes.
The Jesse Owens Global Peace Award has been given to dignitaries such as South African president Nelson Mandela, media mogul Ted Turner and President George H.W. Bush.
"They all had significant backgrounds in sports and did something indelible for peace," said Douglas, the organization's honorary chairman.
Now, on Saturday, many men and women touched by Douglas will celebrate his incredible life.
"It would have to be something major for me not to be there to celebrate Mr. Douglas' birthday," Kingdom said. "I've been to his 80th, 85th, 90th, 95th and now 100th birthday. Like everyone else, I'm extremely looking forward to seeing 'Daddy Herb' again."
Branson Wright is a filmmaker and freelance multimedia sports reporter.


Ever craving for authentic Korean cuisine but staying away from the Korean food chains? Myung-Ga is the right place to go! Strategically located near Bukit Raja Shopping Centre, Myung-Ga is no longer a new icon around the neighbourhood.
Operating for less than a year, the business has now flourished with patrons in large groups especially during weekends. A pleasant atmosphere with unique contemporary interior to dine in.
As a tradition in Korean restaurants, our starter is preceded by the side dishes (more precisely known as "Pan Tan"). It comes in 8 generous choices, and their waiters are more than pleased to refill each time we finish it.
I've sampled some with really pungent smell, but Myung-Ga's homemade kimchi is pleasantly sweet and sour, not too strong in taste, which I personally love it!
The owner is so generous to give us few bottles of liquor to try on. Akin to Japanese Sake, its alcohol level is 19.8%, and tastes smoother when goes with some fruit juices.
The starter of the evening begins with Gun Man Du, essentially the same as Chinese pot sticker or Japanese gyoza: a pan-fried and steamed dumpling stuffed with pork. The dumpling itself is a trifle bland, but this is made up for the dipping sauce, salty with strong aroma of green onions.
This is my first experience with some pan-fried sweet pumpkin pancake, I feel as if I'm starting off the meal with some dessert. Nevertheless, it is rich in the goodness of pumpkin.
One of the thinnest yet rich version I've tried. It is very crispy on the bottom, with the rich preserved cabbage lying in it and sprinkled with generous amount of sesame.
I'm a fanatic of Korean rice cake, and I have to admit that this platter of Rice Cake and Vegetables Simmered in Red Hot Pepper Paste is done really well with thick, piping hot sauce! Particularly good for spicy food lover.
I'm delighted when this hot stone pot is served with a bowl of soup, as not many places do the same. This vegetarian delight of mixed vegetables is bland in natural, but when mixed in the sauce, it turns out to be a flavourful pot with a good ratio of sweet and spicy taste.
Grilled into golden brown perfection, it is crispy outside and tender inside, retaining the fresh, juicy flesh of the fish. Highly recommended when served with a zest of lemon.
Myung-Ga self-claims as a specialist in BBQ meat, so I must sample their signature Kalbi! Let's see what is done to these pieces of marinated pork ribs.
The waiter does a good job at the built-in grill on a separate table, so that the smoke doesn't pollute the entire room while the aroma tickles out nose.
In a double-bite size, the grilled pork ribs are soft and chewy with minimal greasy fats. There you go for quality meat and marinade!
It is served with spicy sweet sauce, chilli cuts and garlic.
And the spicy chopped lettuce sprinkled with sesame is the healthy way to go for!
I rarely take swine, but knowing that this is the Chef's recommendation, how can I resist it? Very nicely done for the firm meat, and it is not fatty as well! Best to wrap the meat and kimchi in lettuce and it will keep the flavours going.
The hot pot of Chicken Ginseng Soup is served piping hot from the kitchen, best to be taken after the liquor. A very light broth with hints of Korean ginseng, delicious!
1. Everything from service, to presentation, to quality of meat, reminds me of a Japanese BBQ place, and that's a good thing.
3. Most dishes are quite light, not so rich in taste. Some may not like it, but it's for the goodness of health.
Oh my, I love Korean food esp for the little plates of sides served. Ok, Bukit Raja is quite close to where I stay and now I have to get my other half to take me here.
are Koren food spicy ?
I'm not a big fan of Korea cuisines but once I saw the grilled pork ribs, directly my saliva dropping. Hahaha..
We like Korean foods but sometime feel their price a bit high as they just use very normal ingredients..
Everything looks so good and so fresh. I've become such a fan of Korean food!
U're reminding me of my trip to Korea........ Dang, my Korean Chicken Ginseng Soup!!
and I ask them to refill the small dishes and they told me that it is all finish..
seems reluctant to refill for us..
I love it when restaurants give complimentary first dishes.
DROOL!!! I love Korean food and all dishes are something that I'd love to order too! Unfortunately there is no good Korean restaurant that I like around here....40 mins away then there is Korean town. I need to go there this weekend. YUM!!
Not sure my family would have the courage to try our Korean cuisine. Thanks for sharing, anyway. Your photo shooting skills made the food looks really good.
It's been so long since the last time i had wine... XD btw dear if you dont mind i have one question, what digital camera you use to snap all this yummylicous food??????


Are you looking to set up Facebook, Twitter or Instagram for your business?
Social media is such a huge part of our lives and for small businesses, it's a great way to engage with your customers and tell the world what you do.
A huge 66% of the UK population were social media users according to data from Statista from January 2018 and despite the Cambridge Analytica data scandal earlier this year it's showing no signs of slowing down.
So if you don't have a presence, you're missing out!
The average person checks Facebook and Instagram 80 – yes 80 – times a day and spends between three to four hours on their phone.
Running pages on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram can be time consuming, so if you're looking to outsource your social media, I can help.
Whatever your business, I offer affordable solutions to your social media management, freeing you up to get on with your work.
I'll look at what you hope to achieve through social media, the ethos of your company and what interests your customers.
You may only be looking for a few hours each week or have a very specific communications strategy you'd like putting in place.
We'll discuss ways to engage with your customers, making sure your feed is in synch with any other marketing strategy you might have in place.
My experience in PR means I'm prepared for a crisis so you have the assurance that no matter what happens, your reputation will be managed online.
If you feel like you're missing out on social media, then please get in touch to discuss your needs.