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Simon's Incoherent Blog
Random writings on TV, film and politics
The Superior Spin Off
The most surreal line of the week award continues to be won by Robin Hood. Last week, after an encounter with an ingratiating underling, Keith Allen's Sheriff harrumphed, "Why do you never kiss my ring, Gisburne?" This week, pursuing a troublesome carrier bird, he was heard to loudly declare, "We have to catch the pigeon. Catch the pigeon!" Which presumably means the ever-cheery Gisburne is Muttley.
Those aware of my TV tastes are presumably baffled by my lack of comment on Doctor Who spinoff The Sarah Jane Adventures. Well, don't worry, I did watch it! After all, being on Children's BBC, it was a sight more adult than Torchwood.
With ten episodes comprising five two-part stories, it was the inevitable mixed bag, but some good stuff was to be found within. I was somewhat downhearted to see the return of Russell T Davies' uninspiring blobby aliens in Revenge of the Slitheen, but pleasantly surprised to find them in an actually rather well-written story. Gareth Roberts, who is shaping up as a rather good TV writer, followed up his pilot script Invasion of the Bane with a sort of reboot of the show. Gone is annoying teenage girl Kelsey, replaced by somewhat less annoying teenage boy Clyde. Otherwise the format remains the same, but Gareth's script deftly re-introduced the characters and situations for those who might have missed the pilot.
In a nutshell, ex-companion Sarah Jane Smith has adopted alien-created teenager Luke, hangs out with him and neighbour Maria, who's really the show's main character. Appealing though Sarah Jane us to us old fanboys, a children's drama can't really have a woman in her fifties as the star of the show. So Sarah acts as a sort of Gandalf/Doctor figure to the kids, involving them in the alien mysteries she solves with her convenient super computer Mr Smith (K9 being busy sealing off a black hole until his copyright owners see sense).
Of the stories, inevitably Gareth's were the standouts. Revenge of the Slitheen had the alien Del-boys hanging around in a school, and they seemed to fit better in a children's show than in Doctor Who itself. By far the standout of the entire series was Gareth's Whatever Happened to Sarah Jane?, which was a well-written time paradox story that addressed some complex, adult themes far better than any amount of gratuitous swearing in Torchwood. The story dealt sensitively with issues like death, guilt and divorce in a sensitive way that didn't talk down to its audience of children, without alienating them.
True, Maria's awful mum does seem rather like a cartoon character and her dad is just too good to be true, but the show didn't shy away from showing the devastating effects divorce can have on kids. It also confronted the issue of whether you would sacrifice your best friend to survive yourself, as a time paradox enabled Sarah's friend Andrea to cheat her own death at thirteen years old by switching places with the teenage Sarah. As Andrea, the too-little seen Jane Asher gave a knockout performance as a woman haunted by the realization of what she's done but still unwilling to undo it.
Indeed, the show had a remarkable quality of guest stars in some surprisingly challenging roles. Old stalwart Phyllida Law popped up in Phil Ford's alien nun epic Eyes of the Gorgon, playing a woman adventurer deliberately reminiscent of an older Sarah Jane, now afflicted with Alzheimer's. Children's TV campaigner Floella Benjamin turned up herself in season finale The Lost Boy, instantly recalling Play School for those of us of a certain age.
Probably the weakest story was Philip Gladwin's Warriors of Kudlak, in which a laser tag franchise was actually a recruiting ground for soldiers in an alien war. It had a couple of neat twists, such as the alien computer hiding the fact that the war had been over for years, but overall was reminiscent of nothing so much as The Tomorrow People. And I'm pretty sure the basic plot was filched from 1984 movie The Last Starfighter…
The show had a pretty good regular cast, headed of course by the reliable Elisabeth Sladen. Lis played Sarah Jane exactly as she had from the 70s onward, but therein was a bit of a problem. The character has never really been too complex, so Lis's range of emotions seemed rather… well, limited. It was revealing that in Whatever Happened to Sarah Jane?, Jane Asher gave a far more subtle performance as a character who was in many ways an analog of Sarah. Still, with this new show casting Sarah pretty much in the role of the Doctor, range is necessarily going to be limited.
The kids were good, though. Yasmin Paige as Maria had the lion's share of character development and gave a good performance as a girl struggling to deal with a broken home while concealing her involvement with all sorts of alien shenanigans with her neighbour. Tommy Knight, as Sarah's adopted son Luke, was basically the Spock/Data of the piece, constantly puzzled by the everyday banalities of life. His wide-eyed innocence was rather sweet, and very much in keeping with the tone of the character. Heaven help him when puberty finally hits him… Lastly, new boy Daniel Anthony gave a charismatic turn as the cocky, streetwise Clyde, though his character was too often used as comic relief to be truly convincing.
The final story, The Lost Boy, brought the series to a satisfying conclusion with the revelation that Sarah's oh-so-convenient supercomputer Mr Smith was actually an alien entity bent on the destruction of Earth to free his people from its core. It's a brave move to introduce a sympathetic alien computer, then reveal that it was the bad guy all along; rather as if Tomorrow People computer Tim had suddenly revealed himself to be Hannibal Lecter. Still, Mr Smith was easily despatched by a few blasts from K9, conveniently reappearing as if copyright were never a problem. It was great to see him again, with the ever-excellent John Leeson again providing the voice.
It's been a fun series, and if Torchwood can get a second run, surely this can. The quality of writing and directing parallels Doctor Who easily, with many of the same people involved. True, there are quibbles; Sarah may not be as magnetic a character as the Doctor, and that sonic lipstick's just plain silly. But it satisfyingly recalls the glory days of children's drama when it was producing some of the most imaginative fantasy shows on British television. The only real puzzler is with the Doctor, Torchwood and Sarah Jane all preventing the destruction of the planet on a weekly basis, how come they don't bump into each other more often?
"Oh, I'm sorry, Captain Jack, I thought I was preventing the alien meteor destroying the Earth."
"No, Miss Smith, it's an alien sex meteor. That's Torchwood's remit."
Perhaps that's why…
Author Simon FernandesPosted on December 6, 2007 Categories Uncategorized
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But who does Tom Shales look like?
Ever-annoying reviewer of TV, movies and style Tom Shales poses punditry on the important aspects of the State of the Union Speech: tie colors, camera angles, and how on TV, some people look like other TV people.
Kennedy looked hale and robust, though one couldn't help notice a certain resemblance to SpongeBob SquarePants, the popular Nickelodeon cartoon character….As for Bush, when smiling he looks a little like Paul Newman (though too much of the smiling last night seemed self-congratulatory in nature), while his physical stature suggests a folksier version of Dick Cavett.
I'll confess. I'd never heard of SpongeBob, but when I read this, I had to see for myself. You decide, is Tom Shales correct? Do you also notice that certain resemblance?
I must admit, I find myself in the unusual position of agreeing with Tom Shales. So much so, I had to compare his other two TV people who look alike. What do think, could the President and Paul star together in the movie Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Old Guy?
Wow, that Tom Shales really has an amazing ability to see resemblences where I'd never see one. But I'm inspired. I think I'll try just one:
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These CT breweries have added kitchens so you can have pizza, wings, nachos, even cheese, with your beer
Police arrest three men after they stole $250,000 worth of comic books
Todt family murders in Florida reverberate in Colchester, where friends, neighbors and clients try to square the horrific crime with the family they knew
Police: Man Tries Swallowing Drugs As Officers Attempt To Enter Home
From Jail To Yale: Ex-Offender Graduates With Law Degree 10 Years After Release
UConn athletic department lost $42 million in 2019 after decline in ticket sales and league revenue
Tales of the tick patrol: Scientists track deadly Lyme Disease across Connecticut
How Much Is Ned Lamont Worth? Here's What We Learned From His Taxes
Dish 'n Dat has opened in its new Canton address with the same fun diner food and funky atmosphere
By Leeanne Griffin
Nov 26, 2019 | 8:07 AM
The "Mile High" turkey club and onion rings are one of Dish 'n Dat's best-selling sandwiches, which range from $10 to 17. (Lindsay Bukowinski / Hartford Courant)
Set your GPS accordingly: Dish 'n Dat, the "modern day diner" by the owners of Dish Bar & Grill and Sorella in Hartford, has a new address in Canton, just a fraction of a mile down the road from its original location.
The restaurant, which first opened at the Shops at Farmington Valley in 2009, closed its doors there in October and debuted in its new space at 144 Albany Turnpike in Nov. 16. The building on Route 44 was home to Margaritas for 28 years, and most recently was occupied by La Familia, a Bolivian restaurant.
"We knew our lease was coming up. In discussions, we decided it was time to look for another alternative. We liked the idea of being out on 44 ... Everybody knows this building," says Danny Keller, who owns and operates the restaurant with his partners in Dish Restaurant Group, Bill Carbone and Dr. Paul Bocciarelli. The group also runs the Tavern at Keney Park in Windsor.
There have been "a lot of skeptics" regarding the move, Keller says, as the Albany Turnpike building has seen significant restaurant turnover since Margaritas' departure in 2009. Char Koon 1800 and Tacos Dorados followed, and La Familia lasted about six months in 2018.
Our happy hour of the month: Tavern at Keney Park »
But Keller and his partners are confident their concept is the right one for the building, and that their built-in Canton customer base, cultivated over 10 years, will help them succeed.
"Down the street, we were serving 2,500 meals a week. Just because [we're] not in the mall, they're not going to stop coming."
Dish 'n Dat's upstairs dining room is decorated with vinyl records and geometric carpeting. (Lindsay Bukowinski / Hartford Courant)
THE ATMOSPHERE: The owners met the challenge to put their "funky diner" into a historical, old colonial house with seating on two floors, using nostalgic decor like decoupaged Life magazine covers, old newspaper articles, vintage decorative aluminum tin signs and vinyl records to adorn the walls of the three dining rooms. They'd also like to add a deck or outdoor patio to the space, Keller says.
FEATURED/NOTEWORTHY DISHES: Dish 'n Dat retains its voluminous menu, with indulgent starters, scratch-made soups, salads, chicken wings, specialty burgers, sandwiches, hot dogs, tacos, macaroni and cheese and blue plate special-style entrees like meatloaf and chicken pot pie.
[From CTNow] Small Bites: dining news and events »
"We've always told people unless you're in the mood for pizza or sushi, we've got it," Keller says.
The Killer "B's" Burger topped with bacon, bleu cheese and crunchy onions. (Lindsay Bukowinski / Hartford Courant)
In diner tradition, Dish 'n Dat also offers breakfast all day, every day, and it's not unusual to see customers having pancakes in the evening with a glass of wine, he says, as breakfast foods are about 20 percent of dinner sales.
Starters like fried dill pickles, Tex Mex egg rolls and double stacker nachos are $8 to $16 (including a "ridiculous trash can" appetizer sampler with four items.) Soups and salads are $5 to $15. Wings and boneless chicken tenders, with an array of sauces, are $9 to $28. Build-a-burger options, with choice of beef, turkey, bison, chicken or black bean patties, start at $10. Sandwiches, including a best-selling "mile high turkey club," are $10 to $17.
Tacos, with fillings like seared mahi-mahi, fried buffalo chicken, taco-seasoned beef, smoked brisket and garden vegetables and choice of side dish, are $15 to $18. Gourmet macaroni and cheese, with options like blackened chicken and Maine lobster, are $16 to $22. Blue plate specials, like an open faced turkey platter, Guinness battered fish n' chips and home style meatloaf, are $16 to $18.
Fall harvest omelette filled with roasted Brussel sprouts, goat cheese, and sweet potatoes. (Lindsay Bukowinski)
The all-day breakfast menu ($9 to 17) features breakfast burritos, chicken and waffles, a bagel and lox platter, pancakes, French toast and a variety of three-egg omelettes.
Keep up with news from the Connecticut food scene, delicious recipes, and restaurant and bar reviews
The restaurant also offers daily specials: kids eat free Mondays with purchase of an adult meal, Tuesday's "burger mania" features $8 "All-American" burgers and Wednesday and Thursday are "lobster fest" nights, with six different lobster dishes available for $17 apiece.
[From CTNow] These CT breweries have added kitchens so you can have pizza, wings, nachos, even cheese, with your beer »
THE BAR: Dish 'n Dat's full bar offers draft beer, wine and cocktails: margaritas, mojitos, martinis, sangria, mules and boozy lemonades. If the diner atmosphere has you craving a milkshake, consider an adult version, spiked with Maker's Mark or Kahlua.
Latest Food & Drink
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An all-night happy hour runs daily, starting at 3 p.m. Monday through Saturday, and it's available all day on Sunday, starting at noon. Discounted appetizers and snacks are $5 to $10, and drink specials feature deals on beers, house wine, sangrias, chilled shots and SKYY martinis. Daily barside specials also include deals on burgers, hot dogs and bar sandwiches; 64-ounce pitchers and $7.50 mixed drinks.
HOURS AND DETAILS: Dish 'n Dat, at 144 Albany Turnpike in Canton, is open from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. Monday through Thursday, 9 a.m. to 10 p.m. Friday and Saturday and 9 a.m. to 8 p.m. Sunday (bar open later.) 860-693-4927, dishbarandgrill.com/dishndat.
Leeanne Griffin can be reached at lgriffin@courant.com
The new location for Dish 'n Dat is located on Route 44 in Canton. (Lindsay Bukowinski / Hartford Courant)
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Varian Johnson
Faculty, MFA in WCYA
Varian Johnson is the author of several novels for children and young adults, including The Parker Inheritance, which won both Coretta Scott King Author Honor and Boston Globe/Horn Book Honor awards; The Great Greene Heist, an ALA Notable Book for Children and Kirkus Reviews Best Book; and the graphic novel Twins, illustrated by Shannon Wright, which won a BCALA Children & Youth Literary Award for best graphic novel and was named an Eisner Award nominee.
Originally from South Carolina, he received an MFA in Writing for Children & Young Adults from Vermont College of Fine Arts and is honored to now be a member of the faculty. Varian currently lives outside of Austin, Texas, with his family.
MFA - WCYA | VCFA
BS - Civil Engineering | University of Oklahoma
To Catch a Cheat, by Varian Johnson
Faculty, MFA in Writing for Children & Young Adults
The Great Greene Heist, by Varian Johnson
Saving Maddie, by Varian Johnson
My Life as a Rhombus, by Varian Johnson
Louise Hawes
Alex Sanchez
Kekla Magoon
Faculty, MFA in WCYA; Alumnx Mini-Residency
Cory McCarthy
Liz Garton Scanlon
Faculty Co-Chair, MFA in WCYA
Jasmine Warga


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Home News Armorer, 24, in charge of firearms on the set of Rust 'once gave an 11-year-old actress a gun without checking it': Described by co-worker as 'green and inexperienced' while working Alec Baldwin's western before fatal accident
Armorer, 24, in charge of firearms on the set of Rust 'once gave an 11-year-old actress a gun without checking it': Described by co-worker as 'green and inexperienced' while working Alec Baldwin's western before fatal accident
The 24-year-old armorer who worked on Rust gave a child actress a gun without checking it on a previous film set, two production sources who worked with her said.
The two sources told The Daily Beast that Hannah Gutierrez-Reed had allegedly given an 11-year-old actress a gun without checking it properly while on the set of the Nicholas Cage film, The Old Way.
'There were a couple times she was loading the blanks and doing it in a fashion that we thought was unsafe,' one of the sources said.
'She was a bit careless with the guns, waving it around every now and again.'
A search warrant released Friday said that Gutierrez-Reed laid out three prop guns on a cart outside the filming location, and first assistant director Dave Halls grabbed the gun from the cart and brought it inside to Alec Baldwin, unaware that it was loaded with live rounds.
'Cold gun!' shouted Halls before handing the gun to Baldwin, using the phrase to signal to cast and crew that the gun was safe to fire for the scene, the warrant said.
Seconds later, filming a scene inside an Old West-style church, Baldwin apparently aimed towards the camera and pulled the trigger, accidentally killing Halyna Hutchins as she filmed him, and injuring director Joel Souza, who stood behind her.
Sources on the set of Rust said the incident that killed cinematographer Halyna Hutchins could be tied to the armorer, Hannah Gutierrez-Reed
The colt pistol accidentally went off and pierced Halyna Hutchin's chest on Thursday
An inconsolable Alec Baldwin is shown outside the Santa Fe County Sheriff's Office after accidentally shooting and killing the cinematographer
Sources on the Rust set have said the fatal incident that killed Hutchins, 42, and injured Souza, 48, was a result of production failings from top to bottom.
They added that assistant director Halls, who handed the gun to Baldwin and told him it was safe, should have checked the weapon.
'He's supposed to be our last line of defense and he failed us,' one of the sources on set said. 'He's the last person that's supposed to look at that firearm.'
A Rust production source told The Daily Beast that there were at least two previous incidents of guns being accidentally discharged by other crewmember on set before Thursday's tragic incident.
The source described Gutierrez-Reed as 'inexperienced and green.'
Gutierrez-Reed had previously admitted she wasn't sure she was ready for the job on The Old Way in an interview before filming started.
Hannah Gutierrez-Reed, the 24-year-old head armorer in charge of guns on Alec Baldwin film said she 'wasn't sure she was ready' for the job in an interview before filming began
An aerial view of the Bonanza Creek Ranch in Santa Fe, where the movie was being filmed. Workers had been protesting over the fact production wouldn't pay for them to stay in hotels and motels in Santa Fe, instead forcing them to drive an hour to Albuquerque
A search warrant released Friday said that Gutierrez-Reed laid out three prop guns on a cart outside the filming location, and first assistant director Dave Halls (pictured) grabbed the gun from the cart and brought it inside to Alec Baldwin, unaware that it was loaded with live rounds
'I almost didn't take the job because I wasn't sure if I was ready, but doing it, it went really smoothly,' Hannah Gutierrez-Reed said in a podcast interview last month after leading the firearms department for The Old Way, starring Nicolas Cage - her first time as head armorer.
She also admitted in the podcast interview she found loading blanks into a gun 'the scariest' thing because she did not know how to do it and had sought help from her father, legendary gunsmith Thell Reed, to get over the fear.
It comes as the film crew revealed they walked off set hours before the fatal accident over safety fears after firearms were accidentally discharged three times - including once by Baldwin's stunt double who had been told the gun was not loaded, and twice in a closed cabin.
Neither Halls nor Gutierrez-Reed immediately returned messages from DailyMail.com late on Friday. Neither has been charged or named as a criminal suspect in the case, though a police investigation is ongoing.
Why WAS a gun on Alec Baldwin movie set loaded with live ammo? Mystery over events that led to actor killing cinematographer
The deadly chain of events on set that led to Alec Baldwin being handed a gun with live ammunition and accidentally shooting and killing cinematographer Halyna Hutchins have become clearer after it emerged last night the actor fired a live round, believing it to be a blank.
Experts yesterday told DailyMail.com safety on set is usually extremely tight with live bullets never used in filming and it remains unclear why a firearm loaded with live ammunition was on the Rust set at all.
Baldwin was handed a gun loaded with live ammunition
First assistant director Dave Halls picked up one of the firearms - a vintage-style Colt revolver laid out by armorer Hannah Gutierrez-Reed - unaware it was loaded with live bullets.
'Cold gun!' shouted Halls before handing the gun to Baldwin, using the phrase to signal to cast and crew that the gun was safe to fire for the scene, a search warrant released on Friday said.
Baldwin, filming a scene inside an Old West-style church, then fired a live round towards the camera, accidentally killing Hutchins as she filmed him.
Hutchins was airlifted to the hospital but was pronounced dead. Souza was taken to the hospital by ambulance but was released on Thursday evening.
Why was live ammunition used on set in the first place?
Live ammunition is never usually used on film sets and Baldwin's shooting and killing of a cinematographer a 'total mystery', a Hollywood armorer has said.
Mike Tristan, 60, who has provided guns for movie sets for over 30 years, said the injuries sustained by Hutchins should not have been possible.
Tristan, who has worked with Baldwin before, said any professional armorer would have checked the weapon, which he believes was a Western, before handing it to the 63-year-old.
'There should have been blanks in the gun, the on-set armorer's job is to check that before handing the weapon over,' Tristan told Dailymail.com.
'They then make sure that the actor stands on a mark and never points the gun at the crew or cast, you give them an aim to point at and the editing makes it seem like they were pointing at their co-actor.
'That's why everyone in the industry is very confused, how this happened is a total mystery at the moment.'
Union members had walked off set hours earlier over safety concerns
Unionized members walked off set on Wednesday, hours before the tragedy, complaining of safety concerns.
They complained about long hours, shoddy conditions and another safety incident days earlier involving 'two misfires' of a prop weapon.
Deadline cites an unnamed source who said a gun had gone off 'in a cabin' while someone was holding it, days prior to the shooting that killed Hutchins.
'A gun had two misfires in a closed cabin. They just fired loud pops – a person was just holding it in their hands and it went off,' they said, apparently referring to unintentional discharges.
Baldwin's stunt double also accidentally fired two rounds after being told the firearm was 'cold'.
When they turned up to set to clear their things on Thursday, they found they'd been replaced by locals.
It begs the question of who those local workers were, what their training was and to what extent did they check the weapon before it was handed to Baldwin.
The gun that fired the fatal shot was a vintage-style Colt revolver, DailyMail.com has exclusively learned.
After the shooting, the armorer took possession of the gun and a spent casing, which were turned over to police, along with other prop guns and ammunition used on the set.
Baldwin also changed out of the Western costume he was wearing, which was stained with blood, and turned it over to police.
The warrant does not reveal the model or caliber of the prop gun that fired the fatal bullet, but the film is set in the Old West of the 1880s and DailyMail.com has learned it was a Colt.
The warrant was obtained Friday so that investigators could document the scene at the ranch where the shooting took place.
Unionized workers had walked off the set hours before the fatal shooting, after they complained about long hours, shoddy conditions and another safety incident days earlier involving 'two misfires' of a prop weapon.
A yet-unnamed prop master who oversaw the gun used in the fatal shooting was a non-union worker who was 'just brought in' to replace the workers who left over safety concerns, a source involved in the movie told the New York Post.
It's unclear whether Gutierrez-Reed, the armorer, had recently joined the production, or was one of the crew members who stayed behind after the walk-off.
However, a link in her Instagram bio points to an article about Rust from May, suggesting she had been attached to the production for some time.
Unionized employees had been complaining about the fact they had to stay overnight in Albuquerque - an hour's drive from the set - and not Sante Fe because production wouldn't pay for their hotels, according to sources cited by The Los Angeles Times and multiple social media posts by film and TV insiders.
Deadline also cites an unnamed source who said a gun had gone off 'in a cabin' while someone was holding it, days prior to the shooting that killed Hutchins.
Rust Production LLC did not respond to repeated requests for comment from DailyMail.com on Friday about the incident, but members of the union that represents many of the crew who were involved in the production said they had expressed fears about on-set safety.
Baldwin first addressed the tragedy on Twitter Friday: 'There are no words to convey my shock and sadness regarding the tragic accident that took the life of Halyna Hutchins, a wife, mother and deeply admired colleague of ours. I'm fully cooperating with the police investigation to address how this tragedy occurred and I am in touch with her husband, offering my support to him and his family. My heart is broken for her husband, their son, and all who knew and loved Halyna.'
He then tweeted a Variety article titled Alec Baldwin Was Told Prop Gun Was Safe Before Fatal Shooting, Affidavit Says.
He was pictured doubled over in grief on Thursday after speaking to the Santa Fe County Sheriff's Department immediately following the shooting.
Hutchins' husband shared a touching tribute to his wife on Twitter on Friday. Matthew Hutchins tweeted a photo of his wife and their 9-year-old son Andros on Friday captioned: 'Halyna inspired us all with her passion and vision, and her legacy is too meaningful to encapsulate in words.
'Our loss is enormous, and we ask that the media please respect my family's privacy as we process our grief. We thank everyone for sharing images and stories of her life.'
His Facebook profile picture is a photo of the couple who had been married for 16 years. His bio now reads: 'We miss you, Halyna.'
A private memorial was held in Santa Fe last night with Matthew, Andros, and Baldwin in attendance, according to ShowBiz411. It was reported that grief counselors were present at the service.
The grieving husband told DailyMail.com on Friday morning that he had spoken with the actor. 'I have spoken with Alec Baldwin and he is being very supportive,' he said.
Baldwin and Hutchins (circled) are pictured together on the set of Rust, in an image that she uploaded to Instagram two days ago saying the crew of the film were supporting a strike by the IATSE union
Hutchins' husband Matthew told DailyMail.com on Friday exclusively: 'I have spoken with Alec Baldwin. He is being very supportive' Zak Knight, a pyrotechnic and special effects engineer who is a member of Local 44, told DailyMail.com on Friday: 'There should have never been live rounds on a movie set, that's number one. Number two is every single person on a movie set has a right to inspect a weapon before it's fired. And number three is, there is no reason to ever put a person in front of a weapon that's firing.
Legal experts tell DailyMail.com lawsuits naming Alec Baldwin are a virtual certainty, but that any potential criminal charges are more likely to center on whoever loaded the gun
'Anytime you see a movie where the barrel is pointed down the camera lens, there should not be an operator behind it. It's obvious that the considerations of this resulted in that gun being pointed directly at two people.
'We would have additionally had a barrier between them. A large number of people failed to do our protocols... every accident is a cascade of events,' he said.
Whatever happened in the moments leading up to her death, Knight said it was caused by a 'cascade of failures' by multiple people. 'We have a hard and fast rule that no live ammunition ever goes into a prop truck or set at any time. We just don't do it.
'If you see bullets on set they are complete dummy rounds and are in no way functional. This goes back to Brandon Lee. There's protocol.' Lee was killed in a similar incident when another actor shot him with a prop gun that was loaded with live ammunition while filming The Crow in 1993.
Knight added that different gun laws between New Mexico and California may have also contributed to the accident. In California, both a trained armorer and a prop master is required on a film set and those are the standards the union adheres to as well.
'You will find the best and most well-trained individuals in Los Angeles. You can't guarantee that as you go across the country,' he told DailyMail.com on Friday.
'Kind and loving' cinematographer killed in Alec Baldwin tragedy: Ukraine-born married mother Halyna Hutchins, 42, was raised on a Soviet military base surrounded by nuclear submarines, trained as a journalist and was tipped as a rising star in Hollywood
Sun streaming from above, cinematographer Halyna Hutchins smiles into the camera as she films herself riding off into the New Mexico desert on horseback.
This was the last Instagram post shared by the married mother-of-one before she was accidentally killed by actor Alec Baldwin when he fired a prop gun while filming a scene for an upcoming Western on a ranch near Santa Fe.
Born in Ukraine and raised on a Soviet military base 'surrounded by reindeer and nuclear submarines', Halyna, 42, had trained as a journalist and spent time in Europe working on British documentaries before making the move to Los Angeles, where she had established her career - and started a family.
Born in Ukraine and raised on a Soviet military base 'surrounded by reindeer and submarines', Halyna had recently wrapped on a project in Ireland and was tipped for a bright future in Hollywood when her life was so tragically cut short. Pictured, in 2018
Her social media profiles also paint a clear image of a free-spirited, much-loved friend, many of whom have been paying tribute. Pictured, a touching post by close friend Stephanie
Remembered by friends as a 'kind' and 'loving soul', Halyna lived in Venice Beach, California, with her husband Matthew, a lawyer, and their son Andros, known affectionately as her 'little man' and thought to be around nine years old.
'Halyna loved him so much and enjoyed watching him grow into the handsome boy he is today,' one friend wrote in a moving Instagram tribute. 'I know she is looking after him and Matt in this horribly scary time.'
Social media photos capture a playfulness and sense of adventure, with Halloween costume parties, road trips with friends and days out exploring all lit up by Halyna's smile.
She was also highly regarded by her peers and had been tipped as a 'rising star' by other cinematographers. 'She was somebody who was absolutely dedicated to art and integrity,' director, colleague and friend Adam Mortimer told GMB this morning. 'I can tell already she was going to be a genius.'
Halya (right) on a visit back to Kiev in December 2018. She was raised on a military base in the country and later attended the National University of Kyiv, studying International Journalism
Remembered by friends as a 'kind' and 'loving soul', Halyna lived in Venice Beach, California , with her husband Matthew, a lawyer, and their son Andros, pictured in an old Facebook photo
Baldwin, 62, was filming a scene for new film Rust when the gun went off around 1.50pm, fatally wounding Hutchins and leaving writer-director Joel Souza, 48, injured. The incident took place at at Bonanza Creek Ranch.
Hutchins was rushed to the University of New Mexico Hospital in an air ambulance but was pronounced dead a short time after.
Souza was taken by ambulance to the Christus St Vincent Regional Medical Center. He has since been released although his exact condition is unclear.
Will Stewart, Daily Mail's Moscow correspondent, told how Halyna had worked for him in the mid-2000s.
'This is devastating and incomprehensible news about the death of Halyna Hutchins. She worked for my news agency from Kyiv for several years in the mid-2000s after graduating from a local university in International Journalism.
'Halyna was involved in many stories for British newspapers and magazines, but she showed a special talent for documentaries, perhaps her first taste of film in which she went on to be so successful in America.
'At this time while she was with us, in 2006, she was Associate Producer on a documentary for Discovery Channel on Ukrainian icon Leonid Stadnyk called World's Tallest Man, made by British company Wild Pictures.
'She was instrumental in Mr Stadnyk feeling at ease taking part in the documentary which focused on the problems of being exceptionally tall.
'The film, made by leading British director Richard Denton, with former BBC Head of Documentaries Paul Hamann as executive producer, would not have happened without her.
'Mr Stadnyk, a shy man, trusted Halyna after refusing many other film offers, and thanked her afterwards.
'Pictures ahead of the film shows him towering over Halyna at his home in the village of Podoliantsy.
'She later went to the US with her husband Matt and accomplished great things through her huge talent and creativity but also her relentless determination to study and learn.
'She once told my Russian colleagues that she felt she was a perpetual student in America, but her efforts paid off and she achieved the success she thoroughly deserved.
'It is tragic that she died in such a cruel and inexplicable way while doing the job she so loved.
'Our thoughts and prayers are with Matt and their son, and Halyna's family in Ukraine.'
Richard Denton, producer behind Shakespeare Uncovered and many films in the former USSR, said today: 'Halyna was the most wonderful, vital, lively and positive person to work with.
'She was friendly and enormously helpful. She handled everything from translating interviews to making Leonid's horse move in the right direction.
'She was completely unpretentious and incredibly professional.'
Her death was 'senseless and stupid.'
'We have two people shot': 911 call from Alec Baldwin movie
Armorer, 24, in charge of firearms on the set of Rust 'once gave an 11-year-old actress a gun without checking it': Described by co-worker as 'green and inexperienced' while working Alec Baldwin's western before fatal accident Reviewed by free heip on October 24, 2021 Rating: 5


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Michael Bradley has minor procedure performed on his foot
It's not great to hear that anyone is having medical treatment that forces them to miss time this close to the World Cup, but Michael Bradley should be just fine.
By Kim McCauley@lgbtqfc Apr 25, 2014, 10:27am PDT
Share All sharing options for: Michael Bradley has minor procedure performed on his foot
Russ Isabella-USA TODAY Sports
Michael Bradley is going to have to miss a bit of time due to a foot injury. Scary, right? Well, you can rest assured that this isn't a major problem. The Toronto FC and United States star is going to have to sit out for a bit, but he should be back to full fitness in no time.
The procedure that Bradley is undergoing has been described as 'minor' and for a foot injury 'that has been bothering him for some time' by the Toronto Star. His coach, Ryan Nelsen, talked about the injury.
"It just means he's just got to get off it (the foot) for a week. This was always planned, to do it at this time when we have a couple of weeks off."
As Nelsen noted, Toronto FC are off this week. Bradley didn't train Thursday and won't train for a few days, but if everything goes according to plan, he'll be ready for Toronto's game on May 3 against the New England Revolution.
If Bradley's been dealing with a foot problem for some time and the fix will only require a one- or two-week layoff, it's probably good that he's getting it done now, and it probably means he'll be even healthier come the World Cup.


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Posted on November 19, 2012 by Paul Mirengoff in Sports
University of Maryland to leave ACC for Big Ten
The University of Maryland announced today that its sports program will leave the Atlantic Coast Conference and join the Big Ten. The move will take effect in 2014.
Maryland has been part of the ACC for nearly 60 years. However, it has sound reasons for wanting to join the Big Ten. First and foremost is money. Maryland athletics have been financially strapped to the point that earlier of this year it eliminated seven of its varsity teams. The Big Ten is much stronger financially than the ACC. However, Maryland must somehow deal with the hefty exit fee imposed by the ACC on departing members.
The Big Ten is also a better fit for Maryland. It is mostly populated by state universities comparable to Maryland in size and academic quality. The ACC doesn't quite fit the same profile.
For traditionalist, though, the move is problematic. In particular, ACC basketball, which produced the Terps' great rivalries with Duke, North Carolina, and Virginia, holds a big place in the heart of Terps fans.
As a Maryland fan for 50 years, I would not favor leaving the ACC if it were still an 8 or 9 team league in which we played Duke, North Carolina, and Virginia at home every year. But the ACC has changed. This year, it consists of 12 teams. In two years, who knows? In any case, the old system in which Maryland played each team twice every year in basketball is long gone (but not forgotten).
I hope that Maryland will still be able to schedule Duke, North Carolina, and Virginia in basketball and Virginia in football. But if not, we'll still play the likes of Indiana, Michigan State, and Michigan in basketball and Ohio State, Nebraska, and Penn State in football (a bit daunting, that). New rivalries are certain to emerge.
In fact Penn State is a former rival. For decades, Maryland and Penn State played every year in football (maybe we can be a bit more successful this time around). The Nittany Lions are as much a natural rival for Maryland as the Cavaliers of UVa.
In any event, the college sports landscape is changing rapidly. The University of Maryland should be commended for adapting.
JOHN adds: Maryland a member of the Big Ten Fourteen? What's next, Oregon joining the SEC? If the Big 14 is going to expand, they should at least try to bring in teams that the Gophers can beat. Like…hmmm…


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Environment / Fukushima / Radiation
Japanese Government Admits First Fukushima Radiation Death
by ZeroHedge · Published September 8, 2018 · Updated September 8, 2018
Japanese Government Admits First Fukushima Radiation Death from ZeroHedge
Over seven years after the devastating earthquake and tsunami that crippled Japan's Fukushima nuclear power plant, the Japanese government has admitted that a former plant worker has died as a result of radiation exposure.
While the 2011 earthquake and tsunami killed approximately 19,000 people, as NPR's Elise Hu reported, and "most drowned within minutes," this is the first radiation-exposure-based death since the incident (the radiation plumes caused by Fukushima's meltdowns spread up to 25 miles away)
A radiation monitoring post next to one of the temporary homes. It indicates 0.276 micro sv/h, which is three to four times higher than the normal level.
NPR reports that the country's health and labor ministry has said the man's family should be paid compensation, according to state broadcaster NHK.
It's not clear precisely when the man died. He was in his 50s, NHK said, and his duties included "measuring radiation levels at the plant immediately after the severe nuclear accident."
He left his job there in 2015, and was diagnosed with lung cancer before his death.
The ministry said that he "developed cancer due to total radiation exposure of around 195 millisieverts," NHK reported.
According to Reuters, exposure to 100 millisieverts of radiation in a year "is the lowest level at which any increase in cancer risk is clearly evident."
While this is the first fatality that was attributed to radiation, NHK says four workers who have cancer have been deemed eligible for compensation (while at least five applications for compensation have been denied).
One of them, who is suffering from leukemia, was awarded compensation last December, according to The Asahi Shimbun.
He "was engaged in emergency operations to send water to cool the reactor containment vessels and assess the extent of damage," the newspaper said, and did so for months after the disaster started.
We suspect there will be considerably more to come as NPR notes that Nature reported in 2012, two assessments by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation and the World Health Organization, showed that "167 workers at the plant received radiation doses that slightly raise their risk of developing cancer."
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/content/us/en/destinations/flights-to-doha/from-delhi https://www.qatarairways.com/en-us/search-results
Design my vacation
Book flights from Delhi to Doha with Qatar Airways
Flying from Delhi
Indira Gandhi International Airport serves Delhi and the surrounding region. This is the busiest airport in India and one of the primary air network hubs in the world, connecting to international destinations across the globe.
It has achieved a cluster of prestigious awards including being voted best airport in the world in the 25–40 million passengers category in 2015 by Airports Council International. It also achieved two awards for The Best Airport in Central Asia/India and Best Airport Staff in Central Asia/India at the Skytrax World Airport Awards 2015.
Passengers flying from Delhi with Qatar Airways can be assured that they are travelling from one of the best airports in the world.
Delhi is a heaving city that's packed with transport options. However, the best way to travel to and from the airport is by the Metro, which connects directly with Terminal 3. This takes approximately 18 minutes from the centre of the city, avoiding Delhi's notorious traffic jams.
Buses (Route 4) operated by the Delhi Transport Corporation run 24 hours a day, and taxis and rickshaws are plentiful. Hotels in the city are also able to arrange limousine services for VIP passengers.
Short and long-term car parking is available at each terminal, with a large multi-storey car park at Terminal 3 with space for more than 4,000 cars.
Arriving in Delhi
Passengers flying from Delhi with Qatar Airways depart from Terminal 3. Departures is located on the upper floor, and there are five executive lounges in T3 offering a full range of relaxation and business facilities for First Class and Business Class travellers. Allow at least two hours prior to your flight's departure time to check in and clear customs.
Facilities and amenities
Delhi International Airport is a relatively new complex and as such offers excellent facilities for passengers. The food court in Terminal 3 offers an outstanding selection of snacks, drinks, local Indian dishes and high quality international cuisine from a variety of outlets, while an entire mall of retail outlets provides travellers with everything they could possibly need.
Wi-Fi is available throughout the airport and is free for the first 20 minutes. Terminal 3 also has various lounges, shower facilities and even nap rooms for travellers who may have to wait between transfers.
When you check in for flights from Delhi to Doha with Qatar Airways you'll be in for a treat. Our focus is on making your passenger experience as comfortable and relaxing as possible, so you'll enjoy generous seat space for relaxing, and dine on fine cuisine. Our attentive and friendly cabin crews offer a quality selection of award-winning services during the flight, and by the time you land in India's capital you'll be ready to take on the world.
Delhi is India's answer to New York, a vision in glass and concrete that is constantly thrusting out in all directions. Its exotic modern skyline is accentuated by old dhows in the bay area, and bustling street markets carry on their immemorial trade alongside glittering new shopping malls and Michelin-starred restaurants. There's never a dull moment in Delhi, whether you fly here with Qatar Airways for business or pleasure.


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HomeSecrets From the Sky
Secrets From the Sky
Secrets From the Sky is a TV show on British national television from ITV1 with an average rating of 3.0 stars by TelevisionCatchUp.co.uk's visitors. We have 6 episodes of Secrets From the Sky in our archive. The first episode of Secrets From the Sky was broadcast in November, 2014. Did you miss an episode of Secrets From the Sky but don't you wan't that to happen in the future? Please set an alarm and add Secrets From the Sky to your favourites, so we can remind you by email when there's a new episode available to watch. For free!
Rating:3.0 of 5Total number of episodes:6Last broadcast:21/11/2014 at 20:00
History series, Britain from the air. Bettany Hughes and Ben Robinson head to Scotland to investigate the Antonine Wall, perhaps the finest Roman frontier ever constructed.
Bettany Hughes and Ben Robinson are at Sutton Hoo in Suffolk to investigate Britain's very own Valley of the Kings, a mysterious landscape of royal Saxon burials.
Historical series with Bettany Hughes and Ben Robinson. In this edition, they visit Dorset and the massive ancient monument known as Maiden Castle, later captured by the Romans.
Series in which historian Bettany Hughes takes to the air to unlock secrets hidden in the landscape. Today, a visit to Stonehenge probably our most iconic and mysterious monument.
Series in which historian Bettany Hughes takes to the air to unlock secrets hidden in the landscape. Today in Wiltshire, the story of the ghost town of Old Sarum or old Salisbury.
Series in which historian Bettany Hughes takes to the air to unlock secrets hidden in the landscape. Today, she is above the Cornish coast to unravel the legend of King Arthur.
EmmerdaleCatch Up on Emmerdale and watch online. Missed an episode of Emmerdale, broadcast by ITV1? We give you an overview of all the latest episodes, so you can pick and watch your favourite episode.
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Long Lost FamilyCatch up tv on Long Lost Family. Davina McCall and Nicky Campbell present the documentary series which aims to reunite family members after years of separation, and offers a lifeline for people who are desperate to find long-lost relatives.
The Voice KidsCatch Up on The Voice Kids and watch online. Missed an episode of The Voice Kids, broadcast by ITV1? We give you an overview of all the latest episodes, so you can pick and watch your favourite episode.


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East New Market é uma cidade  localizada no estado americano de Maryland, no Condado de Dorchester.

Demografia
Segundo o censo americano de 2000, a sua população era de 167 habitantes.
Em 2006, foi estimada uma população de 245, um aumento de 78 (46.7%).

Geografia
De acordo com o United States Census Bureau tem uma área de
0,6 km², dos quais 0,6 km² cobertos por terra e 0,0 km² cobertos por água. East New Market localiza-se a aproximadamente 8 m acima do nível do mar.

Localidades na vizinhança
O diagrama seguinte representa as localidades num raio de 16 km ao redor de East New Market.

Ligações externas

Cidades de Maryland

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Home	Lifestyle	'Homeward' depicts Ukraine's generational and cultural conflicts
'Homeward' depicts Ukraine's generational and cultural conflicts
The Envelope Live Screening series hosted the Ukrainian Oscar nominee "Homeward"To Montalbán in Hollywood.
The film conveys an emotional journey for father and son after the death of the other son of man in the border conflict between Ukraine and Russia. The film portrays generational and cultural conflicts, especially involving the Tartars, a people who suffered severely under previous Russian rule. The Times's Mark Olsen moderated the conversation with director Nariman Aliev and producer Vladimir Yatsenko.
Yatsenko said of the blunt description of corruption in the film in his country: "After the Dignity Revolution, the new cops … they made an example of the American cops. So they wore the same uniform, behave – sometimes it's like a comedy, but take pride in themselves, do not accept bribes – at least for several years – so people and nature get stronger.
"But anyway, sometimes in Ukraine you can find the solution, provide bribes… you can get the result. So it's good and bad, it's complicated, to be honest. "
Homeward director Nariman Aliev and producer Vladimir Yatsenko during a Q&A session of the Envelope Live Screening Series.
Olsen asked the director if the generational conflict between father and son in the film was important to him.
"Of course, because that's all I know," said Aliev. "I grew up in Crimea, I grew up in a family that tried to explain to me who I am. Many conflicts that I tried to show, I saw. Not all the time in my family, but in my relatives 'families, my friends' families. For them it is very important.
"We have many problems in our country, but the first step to follow is to understand our culture and discuss it."
"Homeward" director Nariman Aliev on the questions and answers from the Envelope Live Screening series.


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DiscoverReligionThe glorious story of the Kykkos Monastery
The glorious story of the Kykkos Monastery
Kykkos Monastery which lies 20 km west of Pedoulas, is one of the best-known monasteries in Cyprus. The Holy Monastery of the Virgin of Kykkos was founded around the end of the 11th century by the Byzantine emperor Alexios I Komnenos (1081–1118). The monastery lies at an altitude of 1318 meters on the north west face of Troodos Mountains.
There are no remains of the original monastery as it was burned down many times.
The first President of Cyprus, Archbishop Makarios III started his ecclesiastical career there as a monk in 1926. He remained fond of the place and returned there many times. His request to be buried there materialised after his death in 1977. His tomb lies 3 km west of Kykkos monastery and remains a popular visitor destination.
According to tradition, a virtuous hermit called Esaias was living in a cave on the mountain of Kykkos. One day, the Byzantine governor of the island, doux Manuel Boutoumites, who was spending the summer at a village of Marathasa because of the heat of the season, went into the forest to hunt.
Having lost his way in the forest he met Monk Esaias and asked him to show him the way. The hermit who was not interested in the things of this world would not answer his questions.
Boutoumites got angry at the monk's indifference and called him names and even maltreated him. Not long after, when the doux returned to Nicosia, he fell ill with an incurable illness by the name of lethargia. In his terrible condition he remembered how inhumanly he had treated the hermit Esaias and asked God to cure him so that he might go to ask the hermit personally for forgiveness. And this came to pass.
But God had appeared in front of the hermit and revealed to him that the very thing that had happened had been planned by the divine will and advised him to ask Boutoumites to bring the icon of the Virgin, that had been painted by the Apostle Luke, to Cyprus.
The icon was kept in the imperial palace at Constantinople. When Boutoumites heard the hermit's wish he was taken aback because he considered such a thing impossible. Then Esaias explained to him that it was a matter of divine wish and they agreed to travel together to Constantinople for the realization of their aim.
Time was passing and Boutoumites could not find the right opportunity to present himself in front of the emperor and ask for the icon. For this reason he provided Esaias with other icons and other necessary things and sent him back to Cyprus, at the same time placating him that he would soon see the emperor.
By divine dispensation the daughter of the emperor had fallen ill with the same illness that had struck Boutoumites. The latter grasped the opportunity and went to see the Emperor Alexios III Angelos. He recounted to him his personal experience with the monk Esaias and assured him that his daughter would be cured if he sent to Cyprus the holy icon of the Virgin.
In his desperation the emperor, seeing that he had no other option, agreed. His daughter became well instantly. The emperor, however, not wanting to be parted from the icon of the Virgin, called a first-class painter and ordered him to paint an exact copy of the icon with the aim of sending this one to Cyprus.
In the evening the Mother of God herself appears in a dream of the emperor's and tells him that her wish is for her icon to be sent to Cyprus and for the copy to be kept by the emperor. On the following day the royal boat with the icon of the Virgin departed for Cyprus where Esaias was awaiting for it. During the procession of the icon from the coast to the Troödos Mountains, according to legend, the trees, participating in the welcoming ceremonies, were piously bending their trunks and branches. With patronage provided by the emperor Alexios Komnenos a church and monastery were built at Kykkos, where the icon of the Virgin was deposited.
According to another tradition, still preserved by the people, a bird with human voice was flying around the area singing:
Kykkou, Kykkou, Kykkos' hill
A monastery the site shall fill
A golden girl shall enter in
And never shall come out again
The "golden girl" is, without a doubt, the icon of the Virgin while the monastery is the Holy Royal and Stauropegial Monastery of Kykkos which has been sheltering the icon for over nine hundred years.
The icon of Virgin Mary
Throughout the centuries locals have revered the icon and have attributed miracles to its presence. In 1760 a success in the struggle against locust devastation, a frequent problem of the time, was believed to be the work of the icon.The icon has also served as a template for other paintings depicting the Madonna in eastern Orthodoxy.
The icon is never looked at, and its top half remains hidden behind a protective covering as it is said that whoever looks at it will be blinded. The last person to have seen the icon is the Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria Gerasimos, in 1669. The icon is rarely uncovered, although this happens on occasion. In recent years there had been a drought affecting Cyprus, in response to which the fathers took the icon to her throne, and read special supplications for rain, whilst looking away from the uncovered icon.
Other relics
There are placed to the right of the icon a bronze arm, and a sword fish saw. Regarding the arm, this serves as a reminder the story of a Turk who tried to light a cigarette using one of the vigil lamps and he was cursed and suffered a gangrenous arm. The saw from the sword fish represents the gratefulness of sailors who prayed to Our Lady of Kykkos to save them from the storms of the sea.
Metochion Kykkou
Kykkos monastery maintains separate grounds Engomi, Nicosia called Metochi tou Kykkou (Μετόχι του Κύκκου). The land on which it lies was acquired over the years by the monastery through bequests. With the city's rapid expansion, the area which once used to be in the outskirts has now become prime property. Despite this, much of it is still used for agricultural purposes. Up until the construction of its purpose built premises, the Cyprus State Fair was held on these grounds.
In 1974, whilst Archbishop Makarios was under pursuit by the military junta, he headed for refuge here. As a result, the building was hit by tank fire and part of it collapsed.
Kykkos Monastery in nowadays
Today, the monastery produces Zivania spirit and other alcoholic drinks, organic nuts, herbs and honey, and holds religious fairs on September 8th (Birth of the Virgin) and August 15th (Dormition of the Virgin). There is also a museum on the grounds, whilst it is noteworthy for being the monastery that the first President of Cyprus, Archbishop Makarios III served at as a novice.
Monastery of Kykkos – Audio Guide
Region: Troodos area [Lefkosia (Nicosia) district]
Address: Marathasa Valley, 13km from Pedoulas village
GPS coordinates: Lat: 34.98334 Lon: 32.741299
Contact No: Tel: +357 22 942 742, Fax: +357 22 942 384
Operating Hours: November – May: 10:00 – 16:00
June – October: 10:00 – 18:00
Operating Period: All year round.
Entrance Fee: €5,00 / Groups €3,00
Website: www.kykkos.org.cy
Opening and closing times as well as entrance fees, are subject to alterations without notice. Visitors are advised to check before visiting.
Main photo:
Klaus D. Peter, Wiehl, Germany
By In Cyprus
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The village of Klirou: beautiful landscapes and glorious past
Kykkos Monastery: the miracle in the mountains
Magnificent church of St. Lazarus that lies over the tomb of the saint
Picturesque fjords and ancient chapels of Liopetri village


Paris Saint-Germain are ready to offer Raheem Sterling a 200% pay rise in order to lure him away from Liverpool, according to the Independent.
The England starlet has been Liverpool's strongest performer in 2014, helping them to second place in the Premier League last season, while he already has three goals in seven league appearances this term.
The 19-year-old has been locked in contract negotiations with Liverpool for some time now, and the lack of progress over an agreement has started to cause concern amongst the club's fans.
It was previously reported that Real Madrid were contemplating a surprise swoop for the Liverpool youngster, but according to reports it is Paris Saint-Germain who are now the most keen.
The French giants are said to be willing to offer him a massive pay rise, from his current £43,000-per-week pay packet to an eye-watering £129,000-per-week in order to persuade him to move to the Parc des Prince.
Sterling is in no rush to commit his future to Liverpool which has put his suitors on alert, while also causing concern amongst the powers that be at Anfield. There is no suggestion that he's unhappy, and he has two years remaining on his current contract.
One issue could be that Liverpool boss Brendan Rodgers is unwilling to hand young players huge new contracts straight away, preferring to reward their performances with incremental increases over time.
That approach is admirable but it could well end up costing him, with Europe's biggest clubs sniffing around Sterling, who is amongst the most talented youngsters around.
Sterling may be looking on enviously at some of his fellow young England team-mates such as Calum Chambers and Luke Shaw - both of whom moved clubs this summer and signed deals reportedly worth £60,000 and £90,000-per-week respectively.
Liverpool bagged a much-needed 2-1 win against West Brom yesterday, with goals coming from Jordan Henderson and Adam Lallana.


Items where Author is "Upadhyay, G P"
Murphy, S T and Subedi, N and Jnawali, S R and Lamichhane, B R and Upadhyay, G P and Kock, R A and Amin, R (2013) Invasive mikania in Chitwan National Park, Nepal: the threat to the greater one-horned rhinoceros Rhinoceros unicornis and factors driving the invasion. Oryx, 3. pp. 361-368.
This list was generated on Thu Apr 25 07:16:28 2019 BST.


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\section{INTRODUCTION}
The study of the earliest phase of star formation, especially around the prestellar core and Class 0 phases, is essential to understand star formation.       This period includes the important phases such as the prestellar core phase, first adiabatic core phase, and the subsequent formation of the protostar (Larson 1969; Masunaga \& Inutsuka 2000, Bate 1998; 2010; Machida et al. 2006; Saigo et al. 2008; Schoneke \& Tscharnuter 2011). Studying prestellar cores would provide clues for understanding the initial conditions of star formation.
First adiabatic cores are able to launch outflows (Tomisaka 1998; 2002; Machida et al. 2006; Tomida et al. 2010a), and may be related to the formation of binary systems (Bonnell 1994; Matsumoto et al. 2003; Commercon et al. 2010). In the protostellar phase (i.e., after 2nd collapse), substantial mass accretes onto
the central star. Hence this phase would be a key to determine the final stellar mass. However, candidates of this youngest stage of protostars are still very limited in number, and theoretical models are not well constrained as yet.

The Orion Molecular Cloud-2/3 is located at the northern part of the Orion giant molecular cloud A ($d{\approx}414$ pc; e.g., Menten et al. 2007), and is one of the nearest active star forming regions (OMC-2/3; e.g., Aso et al. 2000; Chini et al. 1997; Lis et al. 1998; Johnstone \& Bally 1999; Nielbock et al. 2003;
Takahashi et al. 2006; 2008a,b 2009; Peterson \& Megeath 2008). Previous studies identified approximately 50 individual star-forming sites. Detected sources are deeply embedded within the molecular filaments and most of these detected sources are identified as prestellar cores or protostellar cores (e.g., Chini et al. 1997; Lis et al. 1998; Johnstone \& Bally 1999; Nielbock et al. 2003; Takahashi et al. 2006; 2008a, b; Peterson \& Megeath 2008).

With interferometric continuum observations, Matthews et al. (2005) and Takahashi et al. (2009) found a bright continuum peak (hereafter \hbox{MMS 6-main}), which  has at least a factor of five larger flux density at (sub)millimeter wavelengths as compared to all the other \hbox{OMC-2/3} sources (Takahashi et al. 2009). However, no star formation signatures such as a clear CO outflow, a radio jet, or an infrared source \hbox{(${\leq}$8 $\mu$m)}, have been detected at the source center in the previous studies (Matthews et al. 2005; Takahashi et al. 2009). The core density profile suggests a power-law structure with an index of -2.0.  This power-law index suggests that the core still retains the density structure of the prestellar phase (Takahashi et al. 2009).  The bolometric luminosity and core mass of MMS 6, as derived from the previous single-dish millimeter to far-infrared data, are \hbox{$<$60 L$_{\odot}$} and \hbox{36 M$_{\odot}$}, respectively (Chini et al. 1997).  These parameters are approximately one order of magnitude higher than the values derived in typical low-mass star-forming regions such as the Taurus molecular cloud (c.f., Myers \& Benson 1983). Therefore, MMS 6 would be one of the first cases for the detailed study of the intermediate-mass star forming core at the earliest evolutionary stage (c.f., Beltran et al. 2008; Fuente et al. 2007; Takahashi et al. 2009; Enoch et al. 2009).

In order to study the physical properties and the evolutionary stage of \hbox{MMS 6-main} more accurately, we have obtained the highest angular resolution image possible with the SMA, utilizing all the configurations at  \hbox{850 $\mu$m}. Our observations have achieved approximately 10 times better angular resolution in terms of beam area, as compared to that of the previous SMA observations by Takahashi et al. (2009).  We compare our results with the theoretically predicted star forming core models such as the prestellar core
model, the protostellar core plus central disk model, and the first adiabatic core model. We make our comparisons in the visibility-amplitude domain and also in terms of the spectral energy distributions (SEDs).

We describe the observations in \hbox{Section 2}. Observational results including sub-arcsecond images, physical properties, and core internal structures, will be presented in \hbox{Section 3}.  Comparisons between the observed core density structures and the theoretical models, as well as the evolutionary stage of MMS 6-main, will be discussed in Section 4. Section 5 summarizes the paper.

\section{OBSERVATIONS AND DATA REDUCTION}
The observations have been performed with the SMA (Ho et al. 2004), utilizing the sub-compact, compact, extended, and very extended configurations.  The \hbox{850 $\mu$m} continuum data were taken with seven antennas in the extended configuration (EX; projected baseline ranging between 40 and \hbox{240 k$\lambda$}), and the very extended configuration (VEX; projected baseline ranging between 90 and \hbox{580 k$\lambda$}) on February 9 and September 2, 2010, respectively. The typical system noise temperatures in DSB mode were between \hbox{200--350 K} for both the EX and VEX configurations at the observed elevations.  Both the LSB and USB data were obtained simultaneously with the \hbox{90$^{\circ}$} phase switching technique by the digital spectral correlator, which has a bandwidth of \hbox{4 GHz} in each sideband. After subtracting the channels where molecular lines might be expected within the band, the LSB and USB continuum data separated by \hbox{10 GHz} RF were combined to improve the sensitivity.  The effective bandwidth for the continuum emission is approximately \hbox{7.5 GHz}.  The phase and amplitude calibrator, 0423-013 (\hbox{1.5 Jy} for EX and \hbox{2.9 Jy} for VEX), was observed every \hbox{18 minutes}.  Observations of Callisto (for EX) and Vesta (for VEX) provided the absolute scale for the flux density calibrations.      The overall flux uncertainty was estimated to be \hbox{$\sim$20\%}.  The passband across the bandwidth was determined from observations of \hbox{3C 454.3} with a \hbox{$\sim$30 minute} integration. The EX and VEX configuration data were combined with the similar wavelength continuum data taken with the SMA sub-compact and compact configurations. Detailed observing settings of the sub-compact and compact configurations are described in Takahashi et al. (2009; 2012).

The raw data were calibrated using MIR, originally developed for the Owens Valley Radio Observatory (Scoville et al. 1993) and adopted for the SMA. After the calibration, the data from all the configurations were combined using the AIPS task \hbox{``DBCON''}, and final CLEANed images were made using the DIFMAP task. In order to reduce residual phase errors and improve the dynamic range of
the images, self-calibrations have been applied. This improved the maximum dynamic range by a factor of 4.  The resulting synthesized beam sizes of the
combined data set were \hbox{0$''$.35$\times$0$''$.30} (or \hbox{145 AU $\times$ 124 AU} at the adopted distance of \hbox{414 pc}) with a position angle of \hbox{32$^{\circ}$} for the uniform weighting image, and \hbox{1$''$.9$\times$1$''$.7} (or  \hbox{787 AU $\times$ 704 AU}) with a position angle of \hbox{76$^{\circ}$} for the Gaussian tapered image \hbox{(FWHM=60 k$\lambda$)}. The achieved rms noise levels were \hbox{2.7 mJy beam$^{-1}$} for the uniform weighting image and \hbox{12 mJy beam$^{-1}$} for the Gaussian tapered image.  Note that the self-calibrated images lose their absolute positions. The positional offsets between the non-self-calibrated image and the self-calibrated images (i.e., \hbox{Figure 1$a$, $b$}) are ${\sigma_{\rm{SL}}}{\sim}$0$''$.048, and 0$''$.12 for the uniformly weighted and the tapered images.

In addition, the positional accuracy is mostly determined by the phase drift due to the baseline error, (${\sigma_{\rm{BS}}}{{\approx}0.1{\lambda}}{\approx}$0$''$.1) of the non-self-calibrated image \footnote{The baseline error is also measured using the primary calibrator (0423-013) against the secondary calibrator (0530+135).  Both calibrators are located ${\sim}18^{\circ}$ from MMS 6-main, and the separation between two calibrators is $\sim$23$^{\circ}$. The positional shift from the phase center of the secondary calibrator was measured to be ${\sim}0''.1$,
which is consistent with the expected baseline error of the SMA, 0.1$\lambda$.}.
Finally the positional accuracies of the final CLEANed images are estimated to be ${\sigma}_{\rm{total}}{\approx}{\sqrt{{\sigma_{\rm{BS}}}^2+{\sigma_{\rm{SL}}}^2}}{\approx}0''.11$ for the uniform weighted image and ${\approx}0''.16$ with the Gaussian tapered image.

\section{RESULTS}
\subsection{Subarc-second 850 $\mu$m Continuum Image}
Figure 1 $a$ and $b$ show the \hbox{850 $\mu$m} continuum images, which are predominantly thermal dust emission (Takahashi et al. 2009), obtained with the SMA.  As denoted by crosses in \hbox{Figure 1$a$}, five infrared sources
(i.e., IRS1--5; protostellar and young stellar objects) are located around \hbox{MMS 6-main}, but none of them are associated with the peak position of the \hbox{850 $\mu$m} continuum emission of \hbox{MMS 6-main}.  Note that the positional shift between MMS 6-main and the closest infrared source, IRS 3, is 2$''$.
As discussed in Section 3.1.2 in Takahashi et al. (2009), the accuracy of the positional alignment between the infrared image and 850 $\mu$m image is on the order of 0$''$.3, which was estimated from a common compact continuum source obtained in the same region and during the similar observational period. In addition, the positional accuracy of MMS 6-main obtained with the SMA 850 $\mu$m (uniformly weighted image) is 0$''$.11. These comparison show that the positional shift between MMS 6-main and IRS 3 is most likely real.

In order to derive the peak flux, flux density, and source size, a 2D-Gaussian fit with two components, was applied to the MMS 6-main map. The derived properties for a compact and an extended component, are reported in Table 1. The residuals after the two-component fit are the 20\% level at most as compared to the peak flux. The non-uniform gas distribution, with substructures as described in the later part of this Section as well as non-Gaussian shaped envelope structures, are the causes of the residuals.  The total flux and the peak intensity of the compact component are measured as 1.1 Jy and 0.56 Jy beam$^{-1}$, respectively.  The brightness temperature is estimated to be 52 K from the peak intensity within the beam size. The gas temperature is equal to the brightness temperature when the gas is optically thick \hbox{($T_b=T_{\rm{gas}}$ for ${\tau}{\geq}1$)}, while the gas temperature is larger than \hbox{52 K} when the gas is optically thin \hbox{($T_b={\tau}T_{\rm{gas}}$ for ${\tau}<<1$)}.  Assuming the gas temperature is \hbox{52 K}, \hbox{$\tau$=1}, the gas-to-dust ratio of 100, the column density is estimated to be \hbox{$N_{H_2}$=(2.0${\pm}$0.4)${\times}$10$^{25}$ cm$^{-2}$}. This gives us the source mass of \hbox{M=0.28$\pm$0.06 M$_{\odot}$}, and the mean number density of \hbox{$n_{H_2}$=1.4${\pm}$0.3${\times}$10$^{10}$ cm$^{-3}$}, with the assumption of a spherically symmetric structure \footnote{Fitting errors of the deconvolved size and flux as well as the 20\% absolute flux uncertainty described in Section 2 were considered in order to estimate the error of physical parameters.}.
For these estimates, the dust emissivity index of \hbox{$\beta$=0.93} (Takahashi et al. 2009) and the dust absorption coefficient of \hbox{$\kappa_{\lambda}$=0.027 cm$^{2}$ g$^{-1}({\lambda}$/400 $\mu$m)$^{-{\beta}}$} are  assumed (Keene et al. 1982).

The total SMA flux density of the compact continuum component associated with MMS 6-main corresponds to 17 \% of the flux density measured within the JCMT/SCUBA 13$''$ beam at \hbox{850 $\mu$m} (6.6 Jy; Johnstone \& Bally 1999).  Note that the ratio in beam surface area between the JCMT and the SMA is \hbox{$\sim$1900}.  A large amount of flux at the submillimeter wavelength, is concentrated within the central \hbox{100 AU} size scale.

In addition to the \hbox{MMS 6-main} component, a number of substructures extending from the \hbox{MMS 6-main} peak, have been spatially resolved in our continuum image (denoted as dashed blue arrows in Figure 1c and Figure 2).
Here, we identify ``substructures'' as those distinct features whose peak fluxes have a signal-to-noise ratio of more than \hbox{25$\sigma$}, and whose contrasts with respect to their fainter surroundings are more than \hbox{$10{\sigma}$}.
We argue that these substructures, at the level of 10 times fainter than the MMS 6-main peak, are not artifacts due to sampling or image reconstruction.  This is verified by calibrating and imaging our secondary calibrator, 0530+135, in exactly the same manner as for MMS 6.
In this image, a dynamic range of at least 50 is achieved, with no hint of any substructure for the secondary calibrator, down to the theoretical noise level.  We have also compared the maps made with uniform or natural weighting,
and with or without self-calibration. The same structures are seen with good correspondence between the different maps.   Hence we conclude that the detected substructures are robust.

Among the detected substructures, four are particularly well resolved. We mark them with orange circles in Figure 1c and Figure 2.  Their contrast with the surrounding structures at the same radii is much greater than 10 sigma.  We call these four, the ``sub-clumps''. All these sub-clumps are located at 0$''.$9--1$''$.7 (370-700 AU) from the MMS 6-main peak position. The sizes of the sub-clumps are comparable to the SMA synthesized beam.

The peak fluxes of the sub-clumps are \hbox{70--80 mJy beam$^{-1}$}. Assuming that the dust emission is optically thin within these sub-structures, and that the temperature distribution of the dust continuum emission is uniform with \hbox{$T_d$=20 K}, the masses of the sub-clumps are estimated to be \hbox{M=0.066 -- 0.073 M$_{\odot}$}.  Such masses are on the order of the values for brown dwarfs,  (0.011${\leq}{M_{\ast}}{\leq}$0.084 M$_{\odot}$).
Assuming that the sub-clumps have a similar size as the synthesized beam and a spherical geometry, the number densities are estimated to be \hbox{$n_{H_2}{\approx}3{\times}$10$^{9}$ cm$^{-3}$}.
\hbox{Figure 2} shows the flux distribution along the azimuthal direction as a function of radius from the \hbox{MMS 6-main} peak position. The flux fluctuations along the azimuthal directions, are exactly what we had noted in \hbox{Figure 1c}.  Separations between these sub-clumps/spikes range between
\hbox{0.6-1.4$''$} \hbox{(250--580 AU}; as denoted by arrows in \hbox{Figure 2}). The origin of these sub-structures is discussed in \hbox{Section 4.3}.

In addition, extended emission at the \hbox{5$\sigma$} level, is detected to the southeast of \hbox{MMS 6-main}. This elongation is consistent with the large scale filamentary structure (e.g., Chini et al. 1997), and may reflect the fragmentation processes within the filaments.

\subsection{Visibility-Amplitude Plot}
The high flux density concentration is attributed to not only the density distribution, but also to the temperature distribution. In order to define these distributions closer to the center, we further resolve the core internal structure as first elucidated by Takahashi et al. (2009). We use the newly obtained SMA EX and VEX configuration data to study approximately one order
of magnitude smaller size scales \hbox{(${R}\sim$60 AU)} as compared to the previous analysis.
Core internal structures are discussed in the Fourier domain analysis by utilizing the visibility-amplitude plot as presented in \hbox{Figure 3}. We directly analyze the interferometric data, bypassing the non-linear image deconvolution process and the problem of the missing flux.

Note that the binned amplitude-visibility plot is processed with the vector amplitude average. Substructures shifted from the phase center of the visibility plot will be attenuated due to the coherence loss. This effect suppresses the flux contamination from the substructures. Asymmetric structures within the core are presented as a variation of the visibility-amplitudes as a function of the projected $uv$-distance.

We assume that the density and temperature follow simple radial power laws as
\hbox{${\rho}(r){\propto}r^{-p}$} and \hbox{$T(r){\propto}r^{-q}$}, respectively.  Then the power law of the visibility amplitude plot, $\gamma$, have a relation of \hbox{${\gamma}={p}+{q}-3$} (e.g., Harvey et al. 2003a; Takahashi et al. 2009).  Figure 3 shows the visibility amplitude plot as a function of the $uv$ distance. Our observational results suggest two different power-law indices, with the break at \hbox{60 k$\lambda$} \hbox{($D=$1300 AU)}.
The outer part and inner part of core are fitted by $\gamma$=-0.64 and -1.4, respectively.
In the isothermal case ($q$=0), the density power-law index of the outer and inner part of core are derived to be 2.4 and 1.6, respectively. Assuming the central heating source ($q$=0.41 derived by Takahashi et al. 2009; optically thin case), the density power-law index of the outer and inner part of core are derived to be 2.0 and 1.2, respectively.  These results suggest that the density profile is shallow at the inner part of core \hbox{($D{\leq}$1300 AU)}.

\section{DISCUSSION}
\subsection{Model Comparisons}
In order to further discuss the internal structure, the observed results are compared with core models in the different evolutionary stages based on the visibility-amplitude(\hbox{Figure 3}) and the spectral energy distribution (Figure 4): (i) Prestellar core, (ii) First adiabatic core, and (iii) Protostellar core. For all models, the gas temperature of 20 K, which is the typical gas temperature derived from the northern part of OMC clumps, is adopted (Cesaroni \& Wilson 1994). Moreover, an effective sound speed of \hbox{0.42 km s$^{-1}$}, which is derived from the \hbox{H$^{13}$CO$^{+}$} observations (Takahashi et al. 2009), was included in order to take account of the observed non-thermal motions.  The radiative transfer calculations are performed to produce the visibility-amplitude plot and SED for model cores. For the calculations, composite aggregates dust model (Semenov et al. 2003) was adopted.

{\bf (i) Prestellar core:} Larson-Penston model ($c_{\rm{eff}}$=0.42 km s$^{-1}$ and $t=0$; the end of the prestellar phase) is adopted (denoted by a blue curve in \hbox{Figure 3}). Note that the Larson-Penston model is dependent only on the sound speed.
The measured sound speed of 0.4 km s$^{-1}$ by Takahashi et al. (2009) was adopted.
The simple prestellar core model shows approximately one order of magnitude smaller visibility amplitude distribution as compared with the observational result.
The results unlikely show that MMS 6-main is the prestellar core. Recent discovery of an extremely compact molecular outflow associated with MMS 6-main by Takahashi \& Ho (2012)
supports to discard the prestellar scenario.

{\bf (ii) The first adiabatic core:}  This model, denoted by a green curve in Figure 3, is calculated using the three dimensional radiative hydrodynamic numerical simulations  (e.g., Tomida et al. 2010b; Saigo et al. 2012).
In order to investigate the formation of the intermediate mass star, we adopt the initial condition of the rotating critical Bonnor-Ebert sphere with the effective sound speed of \hbox{$c_{\rm{eff}}=$0.42 km s$^{-1}$}, which was measured from the H$^{13}$CO$^{+}$ (1--0) observations (Takahashi et al. 2009).
The central density of \hbox{$n_{H_2}$=2.6$\times$10$^{4}$ cm$^{-3}$}, which is a typical density for nearby molecular clouds as well as the value usually used for the first adiabatic core simulations (e.g., Saigo et al.2008; 2011), was adopted as an initial density for the parental molecular cloud. In this calculation, we assume the gas temperature of 20 K.
The age of the plotted first adiabatic core is $\approx$2000 yr. The plotted model is the best model to reproduce observed flux density among their evolution.
Resulting visibility amplitude distribution are denoted by the green curve in \hbox{Figure 3}. The shape of the visibility distribution is not consistent with the observed data.
Note that younger phase of the simulated first adiabatic core models show lower flux values than presented model due to less significant gravitational potential of the first core,
while later phase of the first adiabatic core models does not show much differences in terms of the total flux, but show even flatter visibility amplitude distributions for much of the baseline range compared to the presented model.

{\bf (iii) Protostellar core:} This model assumes the Larson-Penston core + central disk structure (denoted by a red curve in \hbox{Figure 3}).
Parameters of the protostellar model are selected for reproducing the observed amplitude.  For the disk-like structure, \hbox{$R=300$ AU}, \hbox{$M=1.5$ M$_{\odot}$; ${\Sigma}(r){\propto}r^{-1}$}, and \hbox{$T$=30 K} are assumed.
Moreover, the temperature distribution in the envelope of the central protostar was assumed as \hbox{$T(r)=500(r/10$ AU)$^{-1}$ K}. The given temperature gradient, \hbox{$T(r){\propto}r^{-1}$}, is considering a central heating source and an optically thick envelope (Hartmann 1998).

The prestellar core model has a lower flux as compared with the other two models. This is due to the cool gas temperature \hbox{(20 K)} as expected in a prestellar core. The observed large flux at \hbox{850 $\mu$m} is not consistent with the prestellar core model, but clearly suggests that a self-luminous source (i.e. higher temperature gas than \hbox{20 K}) is required to explain the observed large flux at \hbox{850 $\mu$m}.

Note that the visibility amplitudes present a bump or excess between \hbox{200 k$\lambda$} and \hbox{400 k$\lambda$} as denoted by the blue arrows in \hbox{Figure 3} as denoted by a blue arrow.
However, the bump observed at $\approx$200 k$\lambda$ corresponds to the linear size of \hbox{$R{\approx}$300 AU}.
We can produce such a bump in the protostellar core by adding a \hbox{30 K}, 300 AU disk-like structure as we shown in protostellar model in Figure 3. The addition of such a disk is too simplistic, in view of the observed structures.  The observed bump in the visibility amplitudes above a smooth extended core, is due to the clumpy structures including the MMS 6-main peak which we have detected in Figure 1c, and which all have a characteristic size scale of around 300 AU. Furthermore, the visibility amplitude variations are a function of the azimuth angle (\hbox{Figure 2}).

Figure 4 presents the comparisons between the observed \hbox{MMS 6-main} spectral energy distribution and their core models. Black open squares in \hbox{Figure 4} show the observed SED of \hbox{MMS 6-main} measured with an angular resolution of \hbox{$0''.6$--$6.''0$}. These values were retrieved from \hbox{Table 5} in Takahashi et al. (2009). Spitzer/MIPS \hbox{24 $\mu$m} and \hbox{70 $\mu$m} upper limits are also shown in the SED. These upper limits are due to the contamination from another \hbox{Class I} source, \hbox{IRS 3}, located at \hbox{2$''$} north of \hbox{MMS 6-main}. On the other hand, \hbox{850 $\mu$m} continuum emission obtained with the SMA, \hbox{2.3 mm} and \hbox{3.3 mm} continuum data obtained with the Nobeyama Millimeter Array, and \hbox{7.3 mm} continuum emission obtained with the Very Large Array, are from lower limits due to the missing flux. However, there are no contamination from nearby sources at these wavelengths because of the high-angular resolution observations.

Observed millimeter/submillimeter continuum emission have higher flux densities as compared with the SED expected in the prestellar and first adiabatic core models denoted by the blue line and the green line in \hbox{Figure 4}. For example, approximately a factor of six higher flux density was observed at \hbox{850 $\mu$m} as compared to these two models. The protostellar model as denoted by the red line agrees well with the observed flux densities.  SED comparisons clearly imply that the observed high flux densities are caused by a self-luminous source.

\subsection{Evolutionary Stage of MMS 6-main}

In terms of the core, the sizes of \hbox{MMS 6-main} and the other protostellar sources in the \hbox{OMC-3} region do not vary significantly (i.e., core sizes measured at more than \hbox{5$\sigma$} signal level at \hbox{850 $\mu$m} range between \hbox{900 AU} and \hbox{2100 AU}; Takahashi et al. 2012). This suggests that \hbox{MMS 6-main} may have a similar density structure in the outer most region. However, \hbox{MMS 6-main} has more than a factor of five larger millimeter/submillimeter flux densities as compared with other sources detected in \hbox{OMC-2/3} with any aperture size between \hbox{10000 AU} and \hbox{500 AU} (e.g., Chini et al. 1997; Takahashi et al. 2009; 2012).

The visibility amplitude plot and SED clearly imply the presence of a central heating source embedded within \hbox{MMS 6-main}. Hence, \hbox{MMS 6-main} is most likely in the protostellar core phase. The absence of a mid-infrared source, a large-scale molecular outflow, or an ionized jet, with current sensitivity and angular resolution, can be explained if the central driving
source is extremely young (less luminous with high-extinction from surrounding circumstellar material), so that the outflow and jet are not yet substantial.
Due to the high-extinction, the infrared emission is absorbed by the massive surrounding envelope and then reradiated in the submillimeter wavelengths.
Takahashi \& Ho (2012) have recently discovered an extremely compact molecular outflow (1000 AU) associated with \hbox{MMS 6-main} in \hbox{CO (3--2)} and \hbox{HCN (4--3)}. This is the smallest molecular outflow associated with the intermediate-mass protostars and also even smaller than the outflows found
in the protostellar cores in the Taurus star forming region (e.g., Hogerheijde et al. 1998). Nevertheless, the estimated outflow force (${\sim}10^{-4}$ M$_{\odot}$ km s$^{-1}$ yr$^{-1}$) is similar as compared to the other large-scale molecular outflows associated with the protostellar cores in the OMC-2/3 region. Furthermore, the observed bow-shock type of outflow velocity structures are similar to those observed in the Class 0 type protostars. These results support our suggestion that \hbox{MMS 6-main} is in the protostellar phase, and in particular at a very early evolutionary phase.

\subsection{Substructure within the Massive Core}
Substructures were detected in our sub arcsecond resolution of 850 $\mu$m continuum image for the first time.
There are two possible formation mechanisms to produce the substructures and sub-clumps surrounding \hbox{MMS 6-main}:
{\bf (i) gravitational instability within dynamically collapsing cores, or (ii) gravitational instability within rotationally supported disks.}

{\bf (i) dynamically collapsing core case:}
Hanawa \& Matsumoto (2000) suggest that collapsing cloud cores become more unstable if the effective sound speed (e.g., turbulent motions) decreases during the collapse (see also Saigo et al. 2000). Non-thermal velocity width of \hbox{0.42 km s$^{-1}$} \hbox{(mach=2.5)} are observed in the outer part of \hbox{MMS 6} core \hbox{($\sim$1500 AU)}.  The Jeans length is described as \hbox{${\lambda}_{\rm{frag}}={\sqrt{{\pi}{c_s^2}/G{\rho}_0}}$}. Here, $c_s$ is the sound speed, and the relation between the sound speed and the temperature of
gas ($T_d$) is described as $c_s=\sqrt{kT_d/{\mu}m_H}$. G, ${{\rho}_0}(={\mu}m_Hn_{H_2})$, $\mu$, and $m_H$ are the gravitational constant, the mean density of the gas, and the hydrogen mean molecular weight of 2.33, and the hydrogen mass, respectively.  Note that both the temperature and density vary slowly and in the same sense, so that the Jeans analysis is approximately correct as an estimate. Adopting the gas temperature of \hbox{20 K}, and the typical number density of \hbox{${n_{H_2}}\simeq$3.0$\times$10$^{9}$ cm$^{-3}$} (derived in Section 3.1), the Jeans length is estimated to be \hbox{360 AU (0.$''$87)}. Note that the number density derived from the sub-clumps is used to represent the number density of the parental gas (i.e., the number density before the fragmentation).  Hence, the estimated Jeans length is the lower-limit of the fragmentation scale, if fragmentation occurred much earlier. The derived Jeans length is similar to the separation between the sub-clumps (i.e., the  separations of local peaks as measured in \hbox{Figure 2}),  which is \hbox{0.6$''$--1.4$''$} \hbox{(250--580 AU)}.

{\bf (ii) rotationally supported disk:} Shu et al. (1990) show that if the rotationally supported disk becomes sufficiently massive,
\hbox{$M_{d}/(M_{\ast}+M_{\rm{dis}}){\sim}$24\%}, the rotationally-supported disk becomes gravitationally unstable and spiral arms are formed. In the MMS 6-main case, a 2.5 M$_{\odot}$ disk, which corresponds to  \hbox{$M_{d}/(M_{\ast}+M_{\rm{disk}}){\sim}$45\%}
\footnote{Here, stellar mass of 3 M$_{\odot}$ was assumed as a maximum stellar mass at this stage. Mass of the disk-like structure was estimated from the total flux density detected at more than 5$\sigma$ level (4.7 Jy), after subtracting the flux contribution from MMS 6-main (2.0 Jy) with the assumption of \hbox{$T_d$=20 K}}, might be suggested from the observations.
In such a case, it is possible that the observed sub-structures could be due to instability within the purported disk. Fragmentation of self-gravitating massive disk-like structure has also been suggested by other studies (e.g., Gammie 2001; Kratter \& Matzner 2006; Kratter et al. 2008). We emphasize that currently, our observations only indicate substructures, without any definitive evidences of a disk-like structure.  With current sensitivity, we also do not have any kinematic information from the envelope/disk-like structures.  Sensitive molecular line observations are required to investigate the kinematics and to test the proposed scenario.

In both cases, the physical processes follow the self-gravitational forces.
Moreover, it is important to note that fragmentation within the disk will disturb the mass accretion processes onto the central star (e.g., Kratter et al. 2006; 2008). This process plays an important role in determining the final mass of the primary star.  Our observations are the first case to present fragmented sub-structures within core/disk-like structure around an embedded protostar with $R{\approx}$500 AU.  As we mentioned in Section 3.1, the mass of sub-clumps (0.066-0.073 M$_{\odot}$) have brown dwarf mass.  Origin of the detected sub-clumps could be the eventual cluster members around the primary star or related to brown dwarf/planet formation.

\subsection{Future Prospects}
Limited data quality at the projected $uv$ distances of longer than \hbox{400 k$\lambda$}, as well as the presumably optically thick continuum emission at \hbox{850 $\mu$m}, make it difficult to constrain the detailed  spatial structures within \hbox{$D{\leq}$100 AU} scale. Even higher angular resolution observations with the relatively optically thin wavelengths
\hbox{(${\lambda}{\geq}850~{\mu}$m )} will be necessary for defining the detailed internal density and temperature structures. Observations with the EVLA (e.g, K, Ka, and Q band) and ALMA \hbox{(e.g., Band3--6)} will be a key for these studies. These will also reveal detailed structures within the spikes and sub-clumps and observationally constrain the origin of these structures.
Observations using the high density tracer or hot core tracer with the SMA, ALMA and EVLA are important for revealing gas physical conditions and dynamics of the inner envelope, as well as the circumstellar disk (i.e., rotationally supported disk), if present, at the earliest evolutionary phase (e.g., Zapata et al. 2010). Moreover, high angular resolution \hbox{($<<1''$)} and high sensitivity EVLA observations are also crucial in order to search for the mass ejection phenomena associated with the central star such as faint ionized jet and/or \hbox{H$_2$O} maser.

\section{Conclusion}

With the highest angular resolution possible with the SMA, an intermediate-mass protosatar, MMS 6-main, has been spatially resolved. The observed flux density at the MMS 6-main ($D{\approx}$120 AU) corresponds to the brightness temperature of \hbox{52 K}. The column density and the mass are estimated to be \hbox{$N_{H_2}=$2.1$\times$10$^{25}$ cm$^{-2}$} and \hbox{$M$=0.29 M$_{\odot}$}, respectively. Detailed model comparisons clearly show that the observed visibility amplitudes cannot be explained by the simple prestellar core model with a gas temperature of \hbox{20 K}. A self-luminous source is necessary to explain the observed high-visibility amplitudes. Multi-wavelength comparisons using the SED as well as recent extremely compact molecular outflow detection by Takahashi \& Ho (2012) also support a protostellar type source. Several sub-clumps and spikes have been spatially resolved. These structures are well centered at \hbox{MMS 6-main}. Masses of the detected sub-clumps are estimated to be on the order of brown dwarf mass \hbox{(0.066--0.073 M$_{\odot}$)}.
The origin of the density fluctuations can be explained by the gravitational instability within the massive core or a massive disk-like structure.
These structures could form brown dwarfs or planets around the primary star.

\acknowledgments
We thank our two anonymous referees for very helpful suggestions which improved the clarity and logic of the paper.  We acknowledge the staff at the Submillimeter Array for their assistance with the observations.
We thank Keiichi Asada for fruitful discussions.
S.T. is financially supported by a postdoctoral fellowship at the Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, Taiwan.
K.T. is supported by the Research Fellowship from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) for Young Scientists.

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