Pancakes Are Already A Treat, But Take Your Pancakes To A Whole Different Level At Chica! Stop By Chica For Brunch And Order Their Sweet Corn Pancakes That Will Make Your Mouth Water From The First To Last Bite.
Chica's Thanksgiving Menu Includes A Roasted Calabaza Soup For $16, Marinated Beets For $16, Rotisserie Turkey With Sofrito Green Beans And Cranberry Pico For $28 And Purple Sweet Potato Pie For $12. There Is Also The "Unsung Hero" Specialty Drink, Including A Spiced Cranberry Ice Cube With Reposado Tequila, Fresh Lemon, Orange Bitters And Rosemary For $14.


If you're looking for somewhere to stay, we have 11 comfortable rooms available, including 9 queen studio rooms with ensuites, 1 one bedroom apartment with kitchen facilities and 1 two bedroom apartment with kitchenette.
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Џон Хопкрофт (; Сијетл, 7. октобар 1939) је амерички научник који се бави теоријом рачунарства.

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Спољашње везе

 Кратка биографија Џона Хопкрофта на презентацији АЦМ-а
 Официјелна презентација Џона Хопкрофта

Рођени 1939.
Људи из Сијетла
Амерички информатичари
Добитници Тјурингове награде

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Humanae Vitae at 50
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Melkite Bishop Samra marks 50 years
By Susan Bailey
CFP Correspondent
Melkite Bishop Nicholas J. Samra, Catholic Eparchial Bishop of Newton, celebrated the 50th year of his ordination as a priest, and the 30th year of his ordination as bishop on Oct. 3.
In the bishop's honor, the solemn Divine Liturgy was celebrated at Our Lady of Annunciation Melkite Catholic Cathedral in West Roxbury, which was filled with clergy, family, friends and faithful Melkites from around New England.
Among the approximately 17 bishops and 70 clergy in attendance were Melkite Patriarch Youseff (Joseph) Absi, Patriarch of Antioch, Alexandria, Jerusalem and All the East; Archbishop Christophe Pierre, apostolic nuncio to the United States, and Bishop McManus from the Diocese of Worcester.
The celebration concluded with a dinner reception in the parish hall.
Bishop Nicholas was ordained a priest on May 10, 1970 at St. Ann Melkite Church, Paterson, New Jersey, (now in Woodland Park, New Jersey), by Archbishop Joseph Tawil, then Apostolic Exarch of the Melkites in the United States.
On July 6, 1989 he was ordained bishop, also at St. Ann's, by Archbishop Joseph Tawil, Eparchial Bishop of Newton. Bishop Nicholas was appointed Eparchial Bishop of Newton on June 11, 2015, by Pope Benedict XVI and enthroned by Metropolitan Cyril R. Bustros, Archbishop of Beirut, representing Patriarch Gregory III.
Of Bishop Nicholas' many fruitful years of ministry, Father Philip Raczka, protosynchellos (vicar-general) of the Eparchy of Newton and rector of Annunciation Melkite Catholic Cathedral, said, "Bishop Nicholas is a modern-day Father of the Church. He loves the Lord, his people and Church with all of his heart. He is not just an administrator but also an excellent liturgist and preacher. He is a leader of his people in spirituality and fidelity to the teachings of Christ. He is a theologian and teacher. The celebration of the solemn Divine Liturgy was the most fitting testimony to his dedication and ministry."
During the Divine Liturgy the bishops, priests and deacons intoned a blessing known as the "Ton Despotin" for Bishop Nicholas: "For our Master and leader, beloved of God, many years O Master."
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Ivy Beckett 's gift feels more like a curse. She can hear things happening in distant locations, which is how she knows the very instant her family is killed by servants of the Darkness. Furious, she joins the fight to save the world - but the losses are mounting up. She thinks only a miracle can save them--but she doesn't expect the miracle to come in the form of a handsome gargoyle.
Baen is a fearsome Guardian, but when he awakes, even his surprised by war that is going on. But what's even more distracting is beautiful Ivy. Driven by passion, she's ready to charge head-first into battle. But Baen's primal instincts to protect what's his rise within him, and Ivy is dangerously attracted to him. Can she and her gargoyle warrior save the world...and fall in love?


As a Nurse, you have long been committed to reducing and preventing patient falls. In fact, call lights, checklists and risk assessments are just a few types of fall-related tools that you've become accustomed to. While these strategies have improved patient safety, it's time to start thinking differently about how we approach falls.
According to EBSCO, Fall prevention remains one of the most challenging patient safety initiatives in any healthcare setting. Notwithstanding the risk for patient injury or death, a fall with injury is expensive and the estimated average cost is $14,000 (TJC, 2015). Falls and trauma were identified by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) as preventable adverse events. CMS will not reimburse hospitals if falls and trauma occurred as a secondary hospital acquired-condition.
Below are some tips from Brigham and Women's Hospital that may prevent future falls.
Have more questions or concerns about fall prevention? Click below to submit your question to our Nurse Leaders!


Maybe you have some of your teeth missing because you had a minor accident or because of time and tooth decay, and if this is so, it might be hard for you to do things that used to be simple. They might have a hard time chewing and biting food, talking properly, and so on and so forth, making them wish that they had their normal teeth back again. It is great to know that there is a way to fix this problem, and it is through getting dental implants at the best dental clinic in the area. If you decide to go for it, then, and to get dental implants from the best dental clinic in the area, you can be sure that you will be able to gain a lot of great benefits from doing so.
Getting the best dental implants at the best dental clinic you can find is no doubt a good idea, as when you do so, you can be sure that your life will improve when it comes to comfort. Those who have missing teeth might have gotten traditional dentures, but feel uncomfortable with these because they keep slipping and shifting. You will be glad to know that there is another, better option for you, and it is dental implants, which do not move and shift about because they are firmly planted in your gums.
One who decides to go for dental implants at the best clinic will also be glad to know that when he or she does so, speaking and eating will be easier. One might not feel comfortable with his or her dentures, as they move about and make it hard to speak clearly – what is more, they can sometimes change the taste of food, resulting in less enjoyment eating. If they want to change these things, then, and speak clearly and taste perfectly again, then they should get dental implants today.
Last but not least, people will be able to benefit when they find the best dental clinic because they can be sure that they can enjoy the best safety. One might be worried about any kind of surgery, knowing ath surgery entails risk, but he or she will be glad to know that the best clinic will provide safe procedures and minimal invasiveness for peace of mind and the best safety.
Those who find the best dental clinic, then, and decide to get dental implants there, can be sure that they will get so many benefits out of it.


Great recipe, they're almost like pancakes but very sturdy and flexible so you can stretch them well to handle more filling. I used them for egg burritos. Depending on the pan, you may not have to use any oil.
Easy peasy to make , I did add 1 T of Psyllium Husk just to be on the safe side but it probably didn't need it . Love them Cassidy ! So did my 4 yr old granddaughter on Taco Night . Thank you so much !
I was recently diagnosed with gastroparesis as well, which is why I'm looking for grain free recipes… particularly corn.
I'm wondering about the almond flour. I've been avoiding nuts because of the fiber content. Is almond flour low fiber? I'm assuming it hasn't caused a flare for you, which is what I'm trusting. I honestly would have passed this recipe over had you not mentioned your diagnosis.
Hi Kari! Sorry to hear about your diagnosis.
Everyone is different, but I do fine with almonds and almond flour as long as I don't overdo it! I seem to do OK with a few almond flour baked goods a week, but if I eat them every day it starts to bother me. I hope that helps and you are able to tolerate almond flour occasionally like me!
I made these with home made almond milk and they're more like crepes than tortillas. They are delicious and work well with fillings.
This recipe sounds amazing! On the milk, is it canned coconut milk or Almond or coconut milk in the refrigerator section? Have a great trip!
I love the idea of a grain-free wrap. Thanks, Cassidy!
Hi diana! I don't have an egg free loaf bread recipe but I do have a grain, nut, dairy, and egg free wrap recipe @ https://cassidyscraveablecreations.com/2015/02/paleo-tortillas-gluten-grain-nut-egg-free.html I hope you enjoy them!!!
Oh My Gosh! I have recently gone wheat and grain free, and was missing bread. I don't eat bread very often, but it's nice to have a wrap or tortilla every now and then. These are AMAZING and perfect! They were sooooo easy to make, and made a fantastic BLT. I now have my tortilla/wrap recipe!
Yeah, it must be the duck eggs, because when I make them they are drier and not pancake-like. Maybe you could try adding more flour??? Also, I have an egg-free version of this recipe on my blog – you can search for it in the side-bar 🙂 I hope this helps!
We love that lasagna and I'm excited for you to try it too! Please come back and let me know what you think!!!
I have made this recipe many, many times. Love it as is and have found variations that are great, too. Have replaced coconut milk with water successfully. Have made it Low FODMAP compliant (and yummy) by replacing the almond flour with half tapioca starch and half brown rice flour. This evening I made a spinach wrap based off of this recipe that was great! I put 1 C. water and 6 grabs of spinach in the blender and whirred until liquified. I added the other ingredients minus the coconut milk and whirred some more. Cooked as stated in your recipe.
Hi there. You have a great website. Thank you for all your hard work. For these tortillas, do you think anything could be substituted for the arrowroot flour? Specifically, something low-carb? Do you think that any of the fibers would work like oat fiber or psyllium husk? I need grain free, but also low carb and it's very difficult to find. Thank you for your advice!
Hi Angel, I have never tried these with anything other than arrowroot or tapioca flour so I really can't say for sure. But the arrowroot is what helps these tortillas be flexible and I'm not sure what would work in its place, sorry!!! If you figure anything out let me know!!!
I don't usually (EVER) comment on recipes or posts, but I came back and found this page specifically to comment, after making these last week. I made the tortilla version (omitted the honey). I have been GF for almost one year now (and have ridded myself of bloating and terrible daily headache) and have recently been advised by an allergist to remove corn and soy as well to try and calm my body's overzealous histamine response to pretty much everything. 3 weeks on a gluten, corn and soy free diet I am feeling more fabulous than I ever thought could be possible, but I'm still new enough at it to be searching the Interweb for stuff I can eat! I love that this recipe worked exactly as listed, I made it with exact measurements (using my homemade GF baking powder) and coconut oil in the pan. The instructions were spot on as well. Many recipes to fit my "new" way of eating have been disappointing in the flavor department, these were FANTASTIC. My family, husband and 4 kids who do not need to eat like me, all tried them and begged for more, leaving me making a second and third batch! We used them as Taco Shells. They hold their own in flavor and they work better as a tortilla then anything I had ever purchased from the grocery store (flour or corn). This recipe is extremely easy! It took me as much time to make these (and we like them slightly browned on the bottom) as it did to properly heat up the corn tortillas we used to use in a pan. I am seriously shouting this one from the rooftops! Thanks a bunch for sharing this.
I love the texture! This recipe has definitely added to my life satisfaction. Thanks so much!
Heaven. These are absolute heaven!!! They taste like the tortillas I used to get in La Paz, fresh off the line. So amazed. Made these for the first time last night for steak fajitas, and we were blown away. My fiancé, (a seven year regional executive chef who I turned onto Paleo 6 months ago), inhaled them in about three seconds. Literally. I glanced at him after taking my second bite and both of his were gone. We are in love! THANK YOU.
Made this for the second time. Love them. I did not have enough milk (only 1/4C) so I just added water to make up the rest of the liquid and it worked fine. I added garlic powder and Italian seasonings when cooking on stove. They made great chicken quesadillas. Also have used them as wraps for sandwiches. Thanks for the easy recipe.


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Мидори Нака (; 19 июня 1909, Токио — 24 августа 1945, там же) — японская актриса театра , пережившая атомную бомбардировку Хиросимы и умершая спустя 18 дней от лучевой болезни. Признана первой в мире жертвой радиационного облучения.

Биография

Ранние годы
Мидори Нака родилась в округе Нихонбаси в районе Тюо, Токио 19 июня 1909. Её имя в переводе с японского означает «зелёный цвет». Была третьей из четырёх дочерей армейского офицера. Окончила  в Осаке и вступила в театральную труппу из квартала Асакуса в 1928 году. В 1931 году стала актрисой только что образованного  и стала играть в постановках жанра сингэки. Славу ей принесла главная роль в постановке по роману Александра Дюма-сына «Дама с камелиями».

В середине 1930-х годов она стала помогать сёстрам, которые владели кофейным магазином в Аскусе в Токио. В 1940 году полиция запретила выступление труппы Цукидзи, и Мидори ушла в театральную труппу «Кураку-дза» (боль и удовольствие) в 1942 году. Из-за авианалётов на Токио к январю 1945 года труппа также распалась. В марте 1945 года Нака стала главной актрисой в театральной группе «Сакура-тай», созданной актёром .

Бомбардировка Хиросимы
7 июня 1945 года Нака приехала в Хиросиму, собираясь там провести очередной театральный сезон. Девять актёров труппы арендовали дом, который находился примерно в 650 метрах от эпицентра взрыва атомной бомбы, сброшенной американцами в августе 1945 года. В доме также проживали шесть человек театральной группы Сангодза.

Мидори и 16 её коллег находились в том доме, когда в 8:15 взорвалась атомная бомба. 13 человек умерли мгновенно, а их трупы сгорели. Выжили только Мидори Нака, Садао Маруяма,  и . Нака позднее вспоминала:

Когда это произошло, я была на кухне, поскольку в этот раз была моя очередь готовить завтрак. Я была в лёгком красно-белом халате, а на голове у меня была повязка. Когда внезапно яркий свет заполнил комнату, моей первой мыслью было, что это взорвался водяной бойлер. Внезапно я потеряла сознание. Когда я пришла в себя, то уже было темно, а вскоре я осознала, что нахожусь среди развалин дома. Когда я попыталась выбраться наружу, то поняла, что на мне из одежды только трусы. Я провела рукой по лицу вверх-вниз и поняла, что не пострадала. Только руки и ноги были слегка оцарапаны. Я сразу же побежала к реке, где всё уже горело. Я прыгнула в воду и поплыла вниз по течению. Спустя несколько сотен метров меня выловили солдаты.

Болезнь и смерть
Благодаря своей известности через несколько дней Мидори смогла сесть на поезд, шедший в Токио. 16 августа Нака добровольно пришла в больницу Токийского университета, где её обследовали лучшие врачи страны, в том числе , самый известный эксперт по радиации. В больнице актрисе постоянно делали переливание крови, чтобы спасти её жизнь. Изначально температура тела Мидори составляла 37,8 °C, пульс равнялся 80 ударам в минуту. В следующие дни у Мидори стали выпадать волосы, а количество белых кровяных телец уменьшилось с 8 тысяч до 300—400 (по некоторым оценкам, до 500—600), что удивило врачей. Количество красных кровяных телец выросло до 3 миллионов. 21 августа температура подскочила до 41 °C, а пульс поднялся до 158 ударов в минуту. 23 августа на теле Мидори появились 12—13 багровых пятен. В тот же день она заявила, что чувствует себя лучше, однако на следующий день, 24 августа 1945, она умерла.

Мидори Нака была последним членом театральной труппы «Сакура-тай»; выжившие после взрыва три актёра также умерли от радиационного облучения. Нака стала первым в мире человеком, официально умершим от радиации. В прессе её имя активно освещалось на первой церемонии памяти жертв бомбардировки Хиросимы.

Память
Мидори Нака была первым человеком в мире, причиной смерти которого официально указана болезнь, вызванная последствиями ядерного взрыва (радиационное отравление). Журналист Роберт Юнг считает, что именно болезнь Мидори и её популярность среди простых людей позволили людям узнать правду о возникшей «новой болезни». Вплоть до кончины Мидори никто не придавал значения загадочным смертям людей, выживших в момент взрыва и умерших при неизвестных тогдашней науке обстоятельствах. Юнг считает, что смерть Мидори стала стимулом для ускорения исследований в области ядерной физики и медицины, которые вскоре сумели спасти жизни многих людей от радиационного облучения.

11 сентября 1945 материалы о 37 жертвах взрыва, составленные учёными Киотского университета, были конфискованы генералом армии США Томасом Фарреллом. Среди материалов находились и останки Мидори. В 1972 году её останки, изученные американскими учёными, были возвращены в Японию в стеклянных сосудах. Ныне они выставлены на Мемориале мира в Хиросиме.

Французский поэт Жак Гошерон упоминает Наку в своём стихотворении «Под знаком Хиросимы» (), сравнивая её со снежинкой. Стихотворение было опубликовано в 48-м номере литературного журнала Europe: Revue Littéraire Mensuelle в 1970 году.

В 1988 году режиссёром Канэто Синдо был снят документальный фильм , повествующий об истории театральной труппы и судьбе её членов. Роль Мидори Наки в фильме исполнила .

Примечания

Актрисы Японии
Хибакуся
Умершие от лучевой болезни
Погибшие при бомбёжках в тылу во время Второй мировой войны
Атомная бомбардировка Хиросимы


text:
ASV - American Standard Version
BBE - Bible in Basic English
DRB - Darby's Translation
NAS - New American Standard Bible
NLT - New Living Translation
NRS - New Revised Standard Version
RSV - Revised Standard Version
MSG - The Message Bible
WEB - World English Bible
YLT - Young's Literal Translation
8 And then the lawless one will be revealed, whom the Lord Jesus will overthrow with the breath of his mouth and destroy by the splendor of his coming.
< 2 Thessalonians 12 Thessalonians 22 Thessalonians 3 >
Other Translations of 2 Thessalonians 2:8
8 And then shall that Wicked be revealed, whom the Lord shall consume with the spirit of his mouth, and shall destroy with the brightness of his coming:
8 And then the lawless one will be revealed, whom the Lord Jesus will kill with the breath of his mouth and bring to nothing by the appearance of his coming.
8 But the time will come when the Anarchist will no longer be held back, but will be let loose. But don't worry. The Master Jesus will be right on his heels and blow him away. The Master appears and - puff! - the Anarchist is out of there.
8 And then the lawless one will be revealed, whom the Lord will consume with the breath of His mouth and destroy with the brightness of His coming.
8 Then the man of lawlessness will be revealed, but the Lord Jesus will kill him with the breath of his mouth and destroy him by the splendor of his coming.
Matthew Henry's Commentary on 2 Thessalonians 2:8
Commentary on 2 Thessalonians 2:5-12
(Read 2 Thessalonians 2:5-12)
Something hindered or withheld the man of sin. It is supposed to be the power of the Roman empire, which the apostle did not mention more plainly at that time. Corruption of doctrine and worship came in by degrees, and the usurping of power was gradual; thus the mystery of iniquity prevailed. Superstition and idolatry were advanced by pretended devotion, and bigotry and persecution were promoted by pretended zeal for God and his glory. This mystery of iniquity was even then begun; while the apostles were yet living, persons pretended zeal for Christ, but really opposed him. The fall or ruin of the antichristian state is declared. The pure word of God, with the Spirit of God, will discover this mystery of iniquity, and in due time it shall be destroyed by the brightness of Christ's coming. Signs and wonders, visions and miracles, are pretended; but they are false signs to support false doctrines; and lying wonders, or only pretended miracles, to cheat the people; and the diabolical deceits with which the antichristian state has been supported, are notorious. The persons are described, who are his willing subjects. Their sin is this; They did not love the truth, and therefore did not believe it; and they were pleased with false notions. God leaves them to themselves, then sin will follow of course, and spiritual judgments here, and eternal punishments hereafter. These prophecies have, in a great measure, come to pass, and confirm the truth of the Scriptures. This passage exactly agrees with the system of popery, as it prevails in the Romish church, and under the Romish popes. But though the son of perdition has been revealed, though he has opposed and exalted himself above all that is called God, or that is worshipped; and has spoken and acted as if he were a god upon earth, and has proclaimed his insolent pride, and supported his delusions, by lying miracles and all kinds of frauds; still the Lord has not yet fully destroyed him with the brightness of his coming; that and other prophecies remain to be fulfilled before the end shall come.
More Commentaries for 2 Thessalonians 2
American Standard VerBible in Basic EnglishDarby's TranslationEnglish Standard VersionKing James VersionNew American StandardNew King James VerNew Living TranslationNew Revised Standard VerRevised Standard VerThe Message BibleWorld English BibleYoung's Literal
Scripture quoted by permission. Quotations designated (NIV) are from THE HOLY BIBLE: NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica. All rights reserved worldwide.
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Rick Stein's latest restaurant opened on Newquay's Fistral Beach just in time for the Easter weekend. With a laid-back self-service style, it's dishing up fish and chips and flavours from the Far East.
The second of our walk through series takes us along four beaches, across one harbour, to several tasty cafés and on top of one Huer's hut.
The first stop on our walk through of Cornwall is Fistral Beach and Pentire Point. Check out the best places to eat, drink and walk like a local.


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Q: Tagging composer package updates I have a PHP composer package that requires "illuminate/support":"4.1.*" for use with Laravel 4.1 integration. I have a new Laravel project that is now at v 4.2.*. I believe I now need to update the package to require "illuminate/support":"4.2.*" (due to composer errors). How best do I maintain support for Laravel v4.1 and v4.2 in the package?
Here is my composer package's composer.jsonfile:
{
    "name": "appointedd/appointedd-php",
    "description": "",
    "authors": [
        {
            "name": "Billy Jones",
            "email": "billy@appointedd.com"
        }
    ],
    "require": {
        "php": ">=5.3.0",
        "illuminate/support": "4.1.*",
        "guzzlehttp/guzzle": "~4.0"
    },
    "autoload": {
        "psr-0": {
            "Appointedd\\Appointedd": "src/"
        }
    },
    "minimum-stability": "stable"
}

It's currently tagged at version 0.0.3. Should I update the composer.json file to require 4.2.* and tag it 0.1.0 or use a more meaningful name?

A: The question is what differences are between 4.1 and 4.2 that you need to support it differently. Semantic versioning should guarantee that newer minor version only introduces BC-compatible features and bug fixes.
As for your question, you can include version range in your composer.json file, as described here:

Range >=1.0 >=1.0,<2.0 >=1.0,<1.1 | >=1.2 By using comparison
  operators you can specify ranges of valid versions. Valid operators
  are >, >=, <, <=, !=.  You can define multiple ranges, separated by a
  comma, which will be treated as a logical AND. A pipe symbol | will be
  treated as a logical OR. AND has higher precedence than OR.

In your situation, it would be something like:
"illuminate/support": ">=4.1.0,<4.3",

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Like with Wil, I don't want to share much here because we do spend a lot of time getting to know Charlie in the book.
He has spent a lot of vacation time in Southern California. He learned to surf while out there and wants to travel to all the popular surfing locations around the world. He and Wil plan to sail around the world together so Charlie can do his surfing. He is pretty good at it, but is a better skier.
His favorite movie is Seven.
Not only does he love surfing in California, but he would love to live there after he saves some money.


It is important to install CO alarms on every level of the home including the basement and in each separate sleeping area. Many states have laws in place to help you protect what matters most.
• Have First Alert CO alarms properly installed in your home.
• Get furnaces and water heaters serviced annually.
• Never let an automobile run in an attached garage.
• Do not use gas powered tools or barbecue grills inside your home.


text:
Jun 15, 2016Interfaith Dialogue
By Fran Moreland Johns
Dates, rice and eggplant moussaka for birthday dinner? It works.
A recent birthday of mine happened to coincide with a long-planned Ramadan Interfaith Iftar Dinner co-hosted by Pacifica Institute and Calvary Presbyterian Church in San Francisco. Since I was minimally involved in the planning and execution of the event, and maximally involved in the birthday, it made sense to combine the two. Plus, I got a lot of mileage out of responding to questions about birthday plans with news we were expecting 225 or so friends for dinner.
The eventual total number of guests will remain a mystery, because so many kept showing up without reservations and we were simply told not to turn anyone away. Attendees were Muslim and non-Muslim, Catholics, Protestants, Jews and Buddhists. ("You know the difference between a Buddhist and a non-Buddhist?" quipped Rev. Ron Kobata of the Buddhist Church of San Francisco; "The non-Buddhist thinks there is a difference.")
This was not just a celebratory dinner, it was an Iftar dinner, the sunset meal at which Muslims break the fast they have observed since sunrise. To be clear about it, sunrise on June 8th in San Francisco was at 5:48 AM, and sunset was at 8:37. That is considerably longer than this weak-willed Christian generally goes without sustenance. Having had a perfectly good lunch, and swiped a half-dozen or so dates while putting bowls on the tables, I still had to sneak a glass of milk from the kitchen to keep from fainting away at the welcome table.
Given that dinner would not be served until after the call to prayer at 8:37, the program preceded the meal. It included a video about Pacifica Institute, which was founded in 2003 by a group of Turkish Muslims dedicated to social justice, interfaith cooperation, relationship-building and partnership for the common good – any tiny advancement of which would make a pretty fine birthday present for anybody. Pacifica is aligned with the worldwide Hizmet Movement ("the Service") which promotes service to humanity regardless of faith, tradition, gender or ethnicity.
We also saw a video about how fasting strengthens one's spirituality in multiple ways. Muslims observe the fast – abstaining from food, drink, smoking, sexual activity and bad behavior including lying or cursing – every day during the month of Ramadan; which does not exactly compare with giving up chocolate for Lent.
Keynote speaker Dr. Scott Alexander, Assistant Professor of Muslim Studies atCatholic Theological Union in Chicago, spoke to the evening's theme: The Art of Living Together. "Sharing the joy of fasting," he said, "fills us all with hope. It stands in opposition to the strident voices of hatred that want us to believe our troubles are the fault of others." Alexander ended with a prayer that "God will allow others different from ourselves in all ways to touch our hearts."
One of the co-leaders of the event, who served as MC along with Pacifica Institute's Fatih Ferdi Ates, was Calvary member Robin Morjikian, whose father is Armenian. Ates, when thanking her, noted that the evening involved the daughter of an Armenian working with a group of Turkish Muslims on an event held at a Presbyterian church and featuring a keynote speech by a professor from a Catholic University. Buddhist Rev. Kobata presented awards to three honorees.
In lieu of birthday cake, dessert consisted of mixed fruit and baklava. I'm not sure how next year's birthday will stack up.
The Fountain Essay Contest 2016: I Am an Immigrant We Strongly Condemn the Heinous Attack on Innocent People in Orlando


Prof. Juma Waswa Balunywa is to step down as Principal of Makerere University Business School, after leading the Nakawa based institution for the last 18 years.
Prof. Balunywa, whose current 3-year-old term runs out in 2018, announced at the closing ceremony of the MUBS 20th Annual Management Conference last Friday in Kampala that he will no longer seek another term as the Business School's Principal.
"If this conference is held the same time next year, I will not be around, this is the last time I am attending the Annual International Management conference as the Principal of MUBS," he told participants.
Prof. Balunywa on Monday clarified that although he will see out his current contract that runs out in 2018, he will be leaving the position partly out of frustration with government for overlooking MUBS from elevating it to a fully-fledged university, therefore blocking the institutions internal growth – both in terms of structures and human resources.
"We are stuck," he said.
"There is nothing anymore for me to do. There's no growth for me and other people. We can't offer degree programmes in Mbale and Jinja because Makerere has refused to approve them," he told Daily Monitor by telephone.
Prof. Balunywa headed MUBS at its inception in 1997 as director, after the institution was formed out of a merger between the former faculty of Commerce at Makerere University and the then National College of Business Studies, Nakawa.
Prof. Balunywa then briefly resigned in 1998 after a clash between him and his Makerere University bosses but was re-appointed to lead the school as Principal through a presidential directive. President Museveni, then Chancellor of Makerere University, for which MUBS is a constituent college, overlooked the wishes of the Makerere officials then and even elevated Prof. Balunywa from position of director to Principal.
Balunywa joined Makerere University in 1983 as a lecturer in the Faculty of Commerce and has been teaching business and management for the last 32 years.
He was credited with introducing the private students' scheme at Makerere, through the Faculty of Commerce which he headed from 1991.
Prof. Balunywa said yesterday that under him MUBS had grown from a population of 8,000 students in 1997 when he took over to lead the merger to the current 17,000 with campuses in Arua, Mbale, Jinja and Mbarara.
"If MUBS allows me, I will continue teaching and doing research. I will also do more in community work and will also continue to write regularly about social issues".


text:
Harmony Korine's directorial debut Gummo is a contemporary masterpiece. It is an art film that reflects contemporary western civilization (or the destruction of) better than any other of it's kind (it is one of a kind). Mainstream film critics (petty propagandists) have almost unanimously attacked Gummo calling it everything from "pretentious trash" to a "sick joke" on the directors part. I slightly agree with the latter assertion.
Harmony Korine comes from a Jewish atheist background and like many Jewish atheists, he also comes from a communist background. Korine stated the following about his mother's Jewish background, "My mother's side was a bit more liberal, from Eastern Europe, like Communist Trotskyites." Trotskyite is in reference to to Marxist philosophies of Jewish Bolshevik revolutionary Leon Trotsky (born Lev Davidovich Bronstein). Trotsky was responsible (with his Bolshevik buddies) for the deaths of tens of millions of White Russians. Josef Stalin later had an ice axe driven into Trotsky's skull.
Anti-Bolshevik Propaganda with Trotsky as a servant of death
Jewish atheists often are communists because the political belief replaces the religion of Judaism. Communism calls for the destruction of all religions (calling religion "the opiate of the masses") and international revolution. These two characteristics greatly reflect an unofficial form of secular Judaism. Harmony Korine commented the following on being a Jew, "I'm half-Ashkenazi, half-Sephardic. I was barmitzvahed, I went to temple, but I always felt more of a kinship with the culture than I did with the texts."
Jewish Soviet general and brother in law of Josef Stalin, Lazar Kaganovich (born Kogan) made the conscious decision to have up to between 7-10 million Ukrainians starved to death in the Holodomor (taking place 1932-1933). Although an atheist Jew and long deracinated from the Jewish collective, Kaganovich admitted that famine was an act of revenge against many years of Ukrainian Christian (Kulaks) antisemitism. The Kulaks represented the farming bourgeoisie and were deemed "unfit" for Soviet collectivization. This genocidal Holocaust has become virtually unknown in the west and represents an example of the many mass murders carried out by communists over the past century that have been hidden from the American population. The amount of deaths that can be attributed to Lazar Kaganvich's rein of terror (aside from Holodomor) is conservatively estimated at 14,500,000 dead. Don't expect to see Steven Spielberg directing films about those holocausts.
When Karl Marx invented communism (born Moses Levy Mordecai, or Mordecai Levi, it is unclear what his real name was), he knew that he would be destroying Christianity and the power of the European monarchical nation states in the process. Karl Marx was descended from a long line of Rabbi Talmud scholars and Judaism (although often criticizing himself) played a crucial part in the philosophies of Marxism. The Talmud preaches of a tribal form of socialism with ownership of property to be controlled by elders of the community (which is actually practiced in Israel today in the form of Kibbutz communes).
Now we have to take a look at the consequences of communist revolutions and their effects on Western Civilization. After the second World War, European nationalism became a taboo of sorts (because of the failure of Fascist and National Socialists governments). Most of the great nations of Europe were in ruins and all the countries were built up again to be socialized via the Marshall Plan. Now Europe is taking on a similar system to that of the Soviet Union with the anti nationalist European Union.
Christianity has lost a good amount of it's original stranglehold over Europe also.The same subversive occurrences have also taken place in the United States. America has experienced a flood of international immigration and monetary outsourcing. The United States is steadily entering a future (which we almost are) police state style neo-Bolshevism (called "globalization"). America will soon no longer be a country for "Americans." A North American Union is currently in the works.
Harmony Korine makes all these unfortunate circumstances obvious in Gummo (named after the least famous Marx brother). The Aryans in the film have taken up glue sniffing, Satan worshiping, cat killing, and other associated degenerate acts. Christianity has clearly all but disappeared (except for an unconsciously humble retarded woman) from the life of these miserable human beings.
All situations found in Gummo reflect the disappearance of European Christianity and the values that it upholds. The defeat of Western civilization is confirmed in one pivotal scene in which a gay black Dwarf (wearing an Israel shirt) beats a drunken white trash Aryan in an arm wrestling match. It is clear here that Western European civilization has been weakened to such an extent that the most obscure of minorities (a gay black dwarf) has no problem beating a towering Aryan monster.
Avraham Stern
The Israel shirt worn by the black Dwarf symbolically represents this. Israel is a fundamentally Jewish secular society that really has no strong religious ties. The nation was founded on terrorism by those schooled in Bolshevism terrorist thought. Avraham Stern's (who was eventually assassinated by the British) NMO "Stern Gang" even offered to fight for the Nazis during World War II in hopes of getting more Jews evacuated to Palestine. Stern was also a promoter of the socialist kibbutz movement (as most underground Zionists at the time were).
Another important scene in Gummo is when a perverted Jewish gossip columnist who claims to be the brother of Freddie Prinze scams a group a white trash girls in taking a ride with him. He attempts to put his hand up one of the bleach blonde haired girls skirt and is immediately denied his perverted desires. The girls escape the car of this sleaze bag gossip columnist and he shouts at them "nothing new for trash like you" in a triumphant display of arrogance.
This Gossip columnist can easily be looked at as the protégé of Jewish gossip columnist Walter Winchell. Winchell played a significant role in getting America into both World War 1 and 2 with a hateful attack of slanderous propaganda against Germans (calling them Huns and such). The power of media had yet to infiltrate so many American households as it did during the early 1900s and there after. People didn't realize at the time the almost unlimited power of media and the influence on the psyche of the everyday individual. Most people don't expect to be lied too.
Walter Winchell made his original debut in the Jewish American ghettos performing vaudeville acts (something that can be still seen in the form of Hollywood movie comedies). This is interesting as Gummo is like one big deranged vaudeville comedy act. The charismatic character of Tummler (from Yiddish tumler, from tumlen 'make a racket') in Gummo performs a vaudevillian stand-up comedy routine for a Jewish pimp (who is pimping out his Blonde haired wife with downs syndrome) played by Jewish philistine actor Max Perlich.
In numerous parts of Gummo you can find photos of vaudevillian performers in black face placed randomly throughout the film. Jewish entertainers utilized blackface as a means of becoming more "white" in a time when the Anglo elite still dominated the United States. Harmony Korine knows his roots and is schizophrenically obsessed with them.
Legendary and important contemporary filmmakers such as Werner Herzog, John Waters, Bernardo Bertolucci, and Gus Van Sant have all championed Harmony Korine as one of the most important directors of his generation. Mainstream film critics know (in most cases I suspect) exactly where Korine is getting at with his films and they will do anything to slander, degrade, discredit, and not even acknowledge the young auteur.
They fear directors like Harmony Korine who have exposed the truths that they hope to be so neatly tucked under an iron and sickle rug. May Korine continue his "revolution" of artistic integrity and cinematic truth for years to come. Hopefully he won't have an overdose anytime soon.
Thank you so much for this. This is something I wanted to do and you beat me to it. I knew these soulless pieces of trash were Jews just doing their part to help destroy OUR once beautiful family oriented American culture as only this repulsive creature can. Now please do an expose on Larry Clark (Kids, Ken Park) so I can be confirmed of my suspicions once again.


text:
Hotels Los Angeles Hotels Outlet Coupon Twitter
$155 and upFor a 92-year-old resort, the Hotel Figueroa is extremely "on pattern," as marketing professionals like to say. It was developed by the Y.W.C.A. as a specifically female hostelry a spot where single females, including aiming starlets, might remain without worry of the Harvey Weinsteins of the world. The Figueroa supposedly also provided the United States its initial female hotel manager: Maude Bouldin, a motorcyle-riding excursion de force.
After that the lengthy decrease of midtown Los Angeles took a toll. By 2014, when brand-new owners began a $60 million high-end spruce up, the resort had a Morocco-by-way-of-Sweden style (don't ask) as well as was accommodating discount German tour groups. The improvement, which was completed previously this year, leans right into the Figueroa's feminist history, with artwork from regional female musicians on the walls as well as common areas developed to host women-centric "beauty parlors."The Fig, as residents recognize it, sits throughout the street from L.A.
. The Grammy Museum is additionally situated there. Midtown stretches in the opposite instructions, using the gentrified foodie temple Grand Central Market and also the brought back Movie theater at Ace Resort, which hosts indie bands as well as screens art movies. The cavernous Blossom Market to the south is eye-popping as well as only fees $1 admission on Saturdays.
Priced at $359.20 for a Saturday evening in early November, not consisting of tax obligation, our "traditional queen" space on a top flooring felt like a closet, and also the view was mostly of a wall. A kindly stocked minibar occupied the majority of the actual storage room, leaving no space for a bag.
(My companion, Joe, sardonically noted that the room did come with 2 condoms, nevertheless.) The thermostat appeared to have a mind of its very own, which made me homicidal. On the plus side, there was a basket of complimentary snacks Oreos, Red Vines and also the bed was comfy. The area was also really peaceful.
The bare wall surfaces resembled incomplete cement and among the two lights beside the mirror was missing out on; a bare light bulb just hung there. Switching on the shower called for the navigating of 2 counterintuitive levers, and also it was so dark because corner of the washroom that it was difficult to inform which container was hair shampoo and also which one was body wash.
Bouldin!Before dinner, we stopped for beverages (a martini for Joe as well as a cucumber mint lemonade for me) at Rick's, an enchanting indoor-outdoor lounge. As "Juicy" by the Infamous B.I.G. played on the sound system, we camped out by a crackling fire place as well as wondered at the huge, 50-year-old cactuses lining the hotel's coffin-shaped pool (Hotels Los Angeles Hotels Outlet Coupon Twitter).
Our server, Christopher, patiently answered my 700 questions concerning the tiny plates and also "pintxos" on the food selection. We breathed in the fried kale lollipop with dill crme frache ($10) and plaything box squash with avocado and also olives ($14) before relocating on to entrees, consisting of deep-fried poultry with a smoked peach as well as jalapeo salad ($29) spicy and delicious, also if the fruit was inedibly immature – Hotels Los Angeles Hotels Outlet Coupon Twitter.
We ordered space service using an iPad set down on the nightstand as well as were offered a 35-minute wait time. It took an hour and 14 minutes for our easy order of coffee, yogurt and a ham, egg and also cheese sandwich to get here. The server shrugged when I whined and explained that the idea was already included.
Pet dogs are welcome to remain with their owners for a $50 charge. The resort has a trendy, 24-hour fitness center furnished with treadmills, an elliptical machine, kettlebells and also dumbbells, among other items. Exclusive yoga exercise classes as well as physical fitness instructors are available upon request (Hotels Los Angeles Hotels Outlet Coupon Twitter). High-speed Wi-Fi is free. Upscale boutique hotels are all about attention to information, which appears to be a work in progress at the Figueroa.
"Facilities which it was spick-and-span. The bed was amazing" "Situated near to Venice beach" "Also thoughit was tiny it was cosy as well as it consisted of an extremely, really light breakfast" "I liked this hotel quite it was extremely homely, staff were wonderful (Hotels Los Angeles Hotels Outlet Coupon Twitter). Food was amazing" "The entire experience were simply wonderful.
It genuinely seems like you have gotten back. The auto parking, the snacks, the drink machine, the secure food service – all leading noch! The breakfest was additionally ok. And the location is ideal. I had an automobile and also could get anywhere easy. All the piece de resistance are in walking distance though.
An attractive hotel. Team were initial class" "The staff are amazing, the area is perfect" # 1 of 389 hotels in Los Angeles Last review published 3 days ago "This is an excellent resort as well as I would gladly remain there once more." "The Peninsula is pure course." "breakfast is pricey but the amout of food is relatively …" # 2 of 389 resorts in Los Angeles Last testimonial uploaded 18 days ago "A picturesque start to our honeymoon in the U.S – a truly amazing resort!" "This is a wonderful hotel all the personnel are top course and also …" "Exceptional" # 3 of 389 resorts in Los Angeles Last review published 4 days ago "Love this place!" "Love Tom." "Tom is a remarkable as well as extremely handy host!" # 4 of 389 resorts in Los Angeles Last evaluation uploaded 8 days ago "The very best" "Best in Beverly Hills" "Standard Beverly Hills" # 5 of 389 resorts in Los Angeles Last review published 3 days ago "Space, morning meal & area" "Had a terrific keep here!" "Spacious & clean area." # 6 of 389 hotels in Los Angeles Last review posted 8 days ago "Every little thing was exceptional." "Xavier is remarkable!" "Fantastic breakfast!" # 7 of 389 resorts in Los Angeles Last evaluation posted 14 days ago "Place" "Great" "Team were extremely friendly and accommodating with all requests." # 8 of 389 hotels in Los Angeles Last testimonial posted 2 days ago "Location fantastic." "You do not obtain the space you book." "Spacious spaces" # 9 of 389 hotels in Los Angeles Last review published 3 days ago "the worst cleansing staff ever before!" "Great Resort with a lot of space as well as high end coatings.
I will certainly be back." "I truly appreciated my stay right here as a result of the countless services …" "Super tidy." # 11 of 389 hotels in Los Angeles Last review uploaded 2 days ago "Great area." "Terrific service, extremely personal location." "Whatever is perfect among the ideal hotels in Beverley …" # 12 of 389 resorts in Los Angeles Last testimonial uploaded 5 days ago "Fascinating hotel architecture." "7 night remain in the hotel from heaven" "Beach area." # 13 of 389 hotels in Los Angeles Last evaluation posted 6 days ago "The staff were exceptionally practical." "Central to most places, quiet as well as enchanting." "Everything was ideal!" # 14 of 389 hotels in Los Angeles Last evaluation published 4 days ago "Really nice as well as comfy" "manageable" "Noisy in the early morning baggage carts passing" # 15 of 389 resorts in Los Angeles Last testimonial published 6 days ago "The morning meal is excellent as well as the employees, particularly …" "Superb area." "The place is terrific." # 16 of 389 resorts in Los Angeles Last testimonial published 4 days ago "The solution was remarkable." "Nothing" "Fantastic keep when we most likely to call residence for a fun weekend break.
Good morning meal!" "Pretty hotel with great fitness center however unworthy the rate." "Enjoyed LAAC – Will absolutely return!" # 24 of 389 hotels in Los Angeles Last evaluation published 6 days ago "Actually awesome, fantastic people -and also laid-back- from Front Workdesk to the Cleansing Ladies, fantastic area too" "It was a in" "PLEASED" # 25 of 389 hotels in Los Angeles Last review uploaded 7 days ago "Will never remain in a hostel once again" "Impressive!" "420 pleasant paradise" # 26 of 389 resorts in Los Angeles Last evaluation uploaded 3 days ago "Sign in was so straightforward a simple, the area itself is fairly …" "Attractive residence" "Everything good other than wifi.
That's how we understand our reviews originate from real visitors who have actually remained at the building. Complied with by a journey When visitors remain at the residential or commercial property, they take a look at how peaceful the space is, just how friendly the personnel is, and extra. As well as ultimately, a testimonial After their journey, visitors inform us concerning their keep.
If you reserved with us and wish to leave a review, please check in first. End of dialog content 758330,1088270,1082010,1073010,1081120,1077860,1079640.
Alyssa Powell/Business Insider When you're a Los Angeles-based enjoyment and also lifestyle journalist like me, you usually find on your own at the 4 Seasons Hotel Los Angeles at Beverly Hills – Hotels Los Angeles Hotels Outlet Coupon Twitter. That's due to the fact that the hotel is well understood as one of the very best seen-and-be seen areas for a functioning go to and also a power lunch or supper in town.
But it's not all rigid business as well as rule. As a 4 Seasons, the resort rates to families and also vacationers of all types seeking the consistency of a distinguished global deluxe chain. Naturally with the passing star and also bold-faced name, it's also terrific for people watching. I count myself fortunate to call it something of a 2nd house in town.
I'll never ever forget the moment I went to with my hubby for a staycation when I was 9 months expectant, or extra recently, over the festive vacation period when the typical rooms were festooned with floral and decor installations from celebrity flower shop Jeff Leatham. Therefore, it's no shock it made our checklist of the finest hotels in Los Angeles for 2020. Prices for entry-level rooms below begin in the $400s, according to online search results page at the time of publication.
On my recent Xmas stay, I stayed in a mid-tier Deluxe Veranda King room, which was comped for review purposes, but generally books for $595. I have actually always seen common rooms, which are really larger, as well as with a reduced price point. Unless you're traveling with household or preparing to entertain in-room, in my experience, a standard-sized space is the most effective value for five-star accommodations that are sizable, glamorous, and prime for people-watching.
$155 and upFor a 92-year-old hotel, the Hotel Figueroa is really "on pattern," as marketing professionals like to state. It was built by the Y.W.C.A. as a specifically women hostelry an area where single females, including aspiring actresses, might stay without worry of the Harvey Weinsteins of the world. The Figueroa allegedly even provided the USA its first female resort manager: Maude Bouldin, a motorcyle-riding scenic tour de pressure.
After that the lengthy decline of midtown Los Angeles took a toll. By 2014, when new proprietors started a $60 million high-end spruce up, the hotel had a Morocco-by-way-of-Sweden theme (do not ask) as well as was providing to discount German scenic tour groups. The renovation, which was completed previously this year, leans right into the Figueroa's feminist history, with artwork from neighborhood lady musicians on the walls and typical spaces made to host women-centric "beauty parlors."The Fig, as residents know it, sits throughout the street from L.A.
. The Grammy Museum is also located there. Midtown stretches in the opposite direction, offering the gentrified food lover holy place Grand Central Market and also the recovered Cinema at Ace Resort, which hosts indie bands and also displays art movies. The cavernous Flower Market to the south is eye-popping and also only charges $1 admission on Saturdays.
Valued at $359.20 for a Saturday night in early November, not including tax obligation, our "traditional queen" room on an upper floor seemed like a closet, and the view was mostly of a wall surface. A kindly stocked minibar used up many of the actual wardrobe, leaving no area for a suitcase.
(My companion, Joe, sarcastically noted that the space did come with 2 prophylactics, nonetheless.) The thermostat appeared to have a mind of its very own, that made me homicidal. On the plus side, there was a basket of free treats Oreos, Red Vines as well as the bed was comfy. The area was also very peaceful.
The bare wall surfaces resembled incomplete concrete and one of both lights alongside the mirror was missing out on; a bare bulb simply hung there. Turning on the shower required the navigation of 2 counterproductive bars, and it was so dark because edge of the washroom that it was difficult to tell which bottle was shampoo and which one was body wash.
Bouldin!Before dinner, we picked up drinks (a martini for Joe and also a cucumber mint lemonade for me) at Rick's, an enchanting indoor-outdoor lounge. As "Juicy" by the Infamous B.I.G. used the stereo, we by a crackling fireplace and also admired the huge, 50-year-old cactuses lining the resort's coffin-shaped pool (Hotels Los Angeles Hotels Outlet Coupon Twitter).
Our web server, Christopher, patiently addressed my 700 inquiries regarding the little plates as well as "pintxos" on the food selection. We inhaled the fried kale lollipop with dill crme frache ($10) and toy box squash with avocado as well as olives ($14) prior to going on to meals, including fried hen with a smoked peach as well as jalapeo salad ($29) spicy and scrumptious, also if the fruit was inedibly unripe – Hotels Los Angeles Hotels Outlet Coupon Twitter.
We ordered area solution making use of an iPad set down on the nightstand as well as were offered a 35-minute wait time. It took an hour and 14 mins for our straightforward order of coffee, yogurt and a ham, egg and cheese sandwich to get here. The web server shrugged when I grumbled and also aimed out that the pointer was currently consisted of.
Pet dogs are welcome to remain with their proprietors for a $50 fee. The resort has a fashionable, 24-hour health club furnished with treadmills, an elliptical exerciser machine, kettlebells as well as barbells, to name a few things. Personal yoga classes and fitness trainers are readily available upon request (Hotels Los Angeles Hotels Outlet Coupon Twitter). High-speed Wi-Fi is complimentary. Upscale boutique resorts are all concerning interest to detail, which appears to be a job in progress at the Figueroa.
"Facilities as well as that it was extremely tidy. The bed was remarkable" "Located near Venice coastline" "Even thoughit was small it was cosy and also it included an extremely, very light morning meal" "I liked this hotel quite it was very homely, team were fantastic (Hotels Los Angeles Hotels Outlet Coupon Twitter). Food was great" "The entire experience were simply wonderful.
It really seems like you have gotten back. The parking, the treats, the drink machine, the take out food solution – all leading noch! The breakfest was additionally ok. As well as the location is best. I had an automobile and could obtain all over simple and easy. All the piece de resistance are in walking range though.
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Computer & Software Products & Electr...
LQL
LQL Trademark Information
Trademark by BIM SYSTEMS, INC.
programs natural language interface database
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text:
Science and Reason
Lavoisier's experiment to analyze water (boiling in flask A) into its constituents of oxygen and hydrogen by passing the steam through a red-hot glass tube (EF) that contains spirals of beaten iron. The oxygen from the steam combines chemically with the glowing iron, while the released gaseous hydrogen is collected at left; scrupulous weighing verifies the equivalence of water and products. From Lavoisier's Traité élémentaire (1789). Image and caption from here.
PHL 152 310 Gavett Mondays and Wednesdays, 3:25pm to 4:40pm
Brad Weslake Professor bradley.weslake@rochester.edu 519 Lattimore Hall Thursdays 4pm–5pm
This course is an introduction to the epistemological side of philosophy of science, focussing on questions concerning the nature of science. Epistemological questions in the philosophy of science are those concerning the nature of scientific knowledge: Is scientific knowledge different in principle from other forms of knowledge? If so, what makes it different? Should the history of science be seen as an ever-increasing advance of knowledge, or should we see the historical development of science in some other terms? Given that most scientific theories have turned out to be false, are we justified in believing that our current theories are true? We will examine these questions through readings drawn from both the history and philosophy of science.
The following textbook is mandatory. I have not ordered it into the bookstore, as second-hand copies should be very easy to find (see the link below):
Kuhn, Thomas S. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, University Of Chicago Press, Chicago, 3rd Ed, 1996. [AddAll]
Fifteen 1–2 page reading summaries. You should pick at least one of the readings for the class in question and summarise, as clearly and concisely as you can, the main argument.
One 6–8 page research paper, questions to be provided.
One 8–10 page research paper, questions to be provided.
Second Paper: 50%
Assessment dates:
First Paper: Wednesday 21 March Questions [PDF]
Reading Summaries: At the beginning of each associated class, with no exceptions
Section I: The Demarcation Problem
Lecture Two (Monday 23 January)
Introductory Reading
Hansson, Sven Ove. "Science and Pseudo-Science", in Edward N. Zalta (Ed), Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Stanford University, Stanford, 2008. [URI]
Primary Reading
Popper, Karl. 1963. "Science: Conjectures and Refutations", in Conjectures and Refutations, Routledge, Kegan Paul, London, pp. 33–58. [PDF]
Sections §1–§3 are compulsory, the rest is optional.
Lecture Three (Wednesday 25 January)
Kuhn, Thomas S. 1970. "Logic of Discovery or Psychology of Research?", in Lakatos, Imre, and Alan Musgrave, Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge, Proceedings of the International Colloquium in the Philosophy of Science, Volume 4, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1970, pp. 1–22. [PDF]
Reprinted in Thomas S. Kuhn, The Essential Tension: Selected Studies in Scientific Tradition and Change, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1977, pp. 266–292; and in Schilpp, Paul Arthur, The Philosophy of Karl Popper, Library of Living Philosophers, Volume 14, Open Court, La Salle, pp. 798–819.
Secondary Reading
Popper, Karl. 1970. "Normal Science and its Dangers", in Lakatos, Imre, and Alan Musgrave, Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge, Proceedings of the International Colloquium in the Philosophy of Science, Volume 4, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1970, pp. 51–58. [PDF]
Mayo, Deborah G. 1996. "Ducks, Rabbits, and Normal Science: Recasting the Kuhn's-Eye View of Popper's Demarcation of Science", in The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 47, No. 2, June 1996, pp. 271–290. [URI]
Lecture Four (Monday 30 January)
Putnam, Hilary. 1974. "The 'Corroboration' of Theories", in Paul Arthur Schilpp (Ed), The Philosophy of Karl Popper, Library of Living Philosophers, Vol. 14, Open Court, La Salle, pp. 221–240. [PDF]
Reprinted in Putnam, Hilary. 1975. Mathematics, Matter, and Method, Philosophical Papers, Vol. 1, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 250–269; and Boyd, Richard, Philip Gasper, and J. D. Trout (Eds). 1991. The Philosophy of Science, 3rd Edition, MIT Press, Cambridge MA, pp. 121–136; and Sklar, Lawrence. 2000. Bayesian and Non-Inductive Methods, The Philosophy of Science: A Collection of Essays, Vol. 5, Garland, Hamden CT, pp. 225–245.
Lecture Five (Wednesday 1 February)
Popper, Kuhn and Putnam, continued.
Lecture Six (Monday 6 February)
Lakatos, Imre. 1974. "Science and Pseudoscience", in Godfrey Vesey (Ed), Philosophy in the Open, Open University Press, 1974, pp. 96–102. [URI]
Reprinted in Imre Lakatos, The Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes, Philosophical Papers, Volume 1, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1977, pp. 1–7. This lecture is also available as an MP3, as delivered by Lakatos and originally broadcast on 30 June 1973.
Lakatos, Imre. 1970. "Falsification and the Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes", in Lakatos, Imre, and Alan Musgrave, Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge, Proceedings of the International Colloquium in the Philosophy of Science, Volume 4, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1970, pp. 91–196. [PDF]
Worrall, John. 2003. "Normal Science and Dogmatism, Paradigms and Progress: Kuhn 'versus' Popper and Lakatos", in Thomas Nickles, Thomas Kuhn, Contemporary Philosophy in Focus, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2003, pp. 65–100. [PDF]
Lecture Seven (Wednesday 8 February)
Thagard, Paul R. 1978. "Why Astrology is a Pseudoscience", in PSA: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association, Volume One: Contributed Papers, 1978, pp. 223–234. [URI]
Thorndike, Lynn. 1955. "The True Place of Astrology in the History of Science", in Isis, Vol. 46, No. 3, September 1955, pp. 273–278. [URI]
Lecture Eight (Monday 13 February)
Laudan, Larry. 1983. "The Demise of the Demarcation Problem", in Robert S. Cohen and Larry Laudan (Ed.), Physics, Philosophy and Psychoanalysis: Essays in Honor of Adolf Grünbaum, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Volume 76, Reidel, Dordrecht, pp. 111–127. [PDF]
Reprinted in Laudan, Larry, Beyond Positivism and Relativism: Theory, Method, and Evidence, Westview Press, Boulder CO, 1996, pp. 210–222; and in Michael Ruse and Robert T. Pennock (Eds), But is it Science? The Philosophical Question in the Creation/Evolution Controversy, Prometheus Books, Buffalo NY, 2nd Ed, 2008, pp. 312–330.
Gieryn, Thomas F. 1983. "Boundary-Work and the Demarcation of Science from Non-Science: Strains and Interests in Professional Ideologies of Scientists", in American Sociological Review, Vol. 48, No. 6, December 1983, pp. 781–795. [URI]
Section II: Intelligent Design and the Demarcation Problem
Lecture Nine (Wednesday 15 February)
Popper, Karl. 1974. "Darwinism as a Metaphysical Research Programme", in Paul Arthur Schilpp (Ed), The Philosophy of Karl Popper, Library of Living Philosophers, Vol. 14, Open Court, La Salle, pp. 133–143. [PDF]
Reprinted in Balashov, Yuri and Alexander Rosenberg (Eds). 2002. Philosophy of Science: Contemporary Readings, Routledge, London, pp. 302–304; and in Michael Ruse and Robert T. Pennock (Eds), But is it Science? The Philosophical Question in the Creation/Evolution Controversy, Prometheus Books, Buffalo NY, 2nd Ed, 2008, pp. 105–115.
Kitcher, Philip. 1982. "Believing Where We Cannot Prove", in Abusing Science: The Case Against Creationism, MIT Press, Cambridge MA, pp. 30–54. [PDF]
Kitcher, Philip. 1985. "Darwin's Achievement", in Nicholas Rescher (Ed), Reason and Rationality in Natural Science, University Press of America, Lanham MD, pp. 127–189. [PDF]
Reprinted in The Advancement of Science: Science without Legend, Objectivity without Illusions, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1993, pp. 11—57; In Mendel's Mirror: Philosophical Reflections on Biology, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2003, pp. 45–93; and in Marc Lange (Ed), Philosophy of Science: An Anthology, Blackwell, Malden MA, 2006, pp. 154—188.
Darwin, Charles. "Struggle for Existence" and "Natural Selection", in On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life, John Murray, London, 1st Ed, 1859, Chapters 3 and 4, pp. 60–79 and 80–130. [PDF]
Plutynski, Anya and Warren J. Ewens. "Population Genetics", in Sahotra Sarkar and Jessica Pfeifer (Eds), The Philosophy of Science: An Encyclopedia, Routledge, New York, 2005, pp. 578–585. [PDF]
Listen, with slides, to Elliott Sober present an overview of Darwin's theory here. The paper on which this talk is based is:
Elliott Sober, "Did Darwin Write the Origin Backwards?", in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 106, Supplement 1, June 2009, pp. 10048–10055. [URI]
Lecture Ten (Monday 20 February)
Michael J. Behe, "Irreducible Complexity: Obstacle to Darwinian Evolution", in William A. Dembski and Michael Ruse (Eds), Debating Design: From Darwin to DNA, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004, pp. 352–370. [PDF]
Reprinted in Rosenberg, Alexander and Robert Arp. 2010. Philosophy of Biology: An Anthology, Blackwell, Malden MA, pp. 427–438.
Watch Michael J. Behe present a talk on his argument from design at the conference "Interpreting Evolution: Scientific and Religious Perspectives" (Haverford, 17 June 2001) here.
Lecture Eleven (Wednesday 22 February)
Kenneth R. Miller, "The Flagellum Unspun: The Collapse of "Irreducible Complexity"", in William A. Dembski and Michael Ruse (Eds), Debating Design: From Darwin to DNA, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004, pp. 81–97. [PDF]
Liu, Renyi and Howard Ochman. 2007. "Stepwise Formation of the Bacterial Flagellar System", in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 104, No. 17, April 2007, pp. 7116–7121. [URI]
Watch Kenneth R. Miller present an overview of the evidence for evolution, criticise the argument from irreducible complexity, and endorse theistic evolutionism here.
Lecture Twelve (Monday 27 February)
Sober, Elliott. 2007. "What Is Wrong With Intelligent Design?", in The Quarterly Review of Biology, Vol. 82, No. 1, March 2007, pp. 3–8. [PDF]
Reprinted in Michael Ruse and Robert T. Pennock (Eds), But is it Science? The Philosophical Question in the Creation/Evolution Controversy, Prometheus Books, Buffalo NY, 2nd Ed, 2008, pp. 495–505.
Elliott Sober. 2003. "The Design Argument", in Neil A. Manson (Ed), God and Design: The Teleological Argument and Modern Science, Routledge, London, pp. 25–53. [PDF]
Reprinted in William A. Dembski and Michael Ruse (Eds), Debating Design: From Darwin to DNA, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004, pp. 98–129; and in Mann, William E (Ed). 2005. The Blackwell Guide to the Philosophy of Religion, Blackwell, Malden MA, pp. 117–147.
Lecture Thirteen (Wednesday 29 February)
Sober, continued.
Lecture Fourteen (Monday 5 March)
Monton, Bradley. 2009. "Why It Is Legitimate to Treat Intelligent Design as Science", in Seeking God in Science: An Atheist Defends Intelligent Design, Broadview, Peterborough ON, Chapter 2, pp. 47–74. [PDF]
Pennock, Robert. "Can't Philosophers Tell the Difference Between Science and Religion? Demarcation Revisited", forthcoming in Synthese. [PDF]
Reprinted in Michael Ruse and Robert T. Pennock (Eds), But is it Science? The Philosophical Question in the Creation/Evolution Controversy, Prometheus Books, Buffalo NY, 2nd Ed, 2008.
For some of the background on this exchange, see the PBS documentary Judgment Day: Intelligent Design on Trial, available in full here.
Section III: Conceptual Change
Lecture Fifteen (Wednesday 7 March)
Kuhn, Thomas S. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, University Of Chicago Press, Chicago, 3rd Ed, 1996.
Sections I–IV, pp. 1–42.
Postscript, Sections 1–3, pp. 174–191.
Lecture Sixteen (Monday 19 March)
Sections V–VI.
Lecture Seventeen (Wednesday 21 March)
Sections VII–VIII.
Lecture Eighteen (Monday 26 March)
Section IX.
Kuhn, Thomas S. 1977. "Objectivity, Value Judgment, and Theory Choice", in The Essential Tension: Selected Studies in Scientific Tradition and Change, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1977, pp. 320–339. [PDF]
Lecture Nineteen (Wednesday 28 March)
Section X.
Lecture Twenty (Monday 2 April)
Sections XI–XIII.
Kuhn, Thomas S. 1987. "What Are Scientific Revolutions?", in Lorenz Krüger, Lorraine J. Daston, and Michael Heidelberger (Eds), The Probabilistic Revolution, Vol. 1: Ideas in History, MIT Press, Cambridge MA, pp. 7–22. [PDF]
Reprinted in his The Road Since Structure: Philosophical Essays, James Conant and John Haugeland (Eds), University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 2000, pp. 13–32.
No Class Wednesday 4 April
Postscript.
Lecture Twenty Two (Wednesday 11 April)
Kitcher, Philip. 1978. "Theories, Theorists and Theoretical Change", in The Philosophical Review, Vol. 87, No. 4, October 1978, pp. 519–547. [URI]
Kuhn, Thomas S. 1983. "Commensurability, Comparability, Communicability", in Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association 1982, Vol. 2, pp. 669-688. [URI]
Reprinted in his The Road Since Structure: Philosophical Essays, James Conant and John Haugeland (Eds), University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 2000, pp. 669–688.
Kitcher, Philip. 1983. "Implications of Incommensurability", in Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association 1982, Vol. 2, pp. 689-703. [URI]
Section IV: Realism and Anti-Realism
Laudan, Larry. 1981. "A Confutation of Convergent Realism", in Philosophy of Science, Vol. 48, No. 1, March 1981, pp. 19–49. [URI]
Lewis, Peter J. 2001. "Why The Pessimistic Induction Is A Fallacy", in Synthese, Vol. 129, No. 3, December 2001, pp. 371–380. [PDF]
Jarrett Leplin. 2004. "A Theory's Predictive Success Can Warrant Belief in the Unobservable Entities it Postulates", in Christopher Hitchcock (Ed) Contemporary Debates in Philosophy of Science, Blackwell, Malden MA, pp. 117–132. [PDF]
André Kukla and Joel Walmsley. 2004. "A Theory's Predictive Success does not Warrant Belief in the Unobservable Entities it Postulates", in Christopher Hitchcock (Ed) Contemporary Debates in Philosophy of Science, Blackwell, Malden MA, pp. 133–148. [PDF]
P. Kyle Stanford. 2000. "An Antirealist Explanation of the Success of Science", in Philosophy of Science, Vol. 67, No. 2, June 2000, pp. 266–284. [URI]
Lecture Twenty Eight (Wednesday 2 May)
P. Kyle Stanford. 2001. "Refusing the Devil's Bargain: What Kind of Underdetermination Should We Take Seriously?", in Philosophy of Science, Vol. 68, No. 3, Sept. 2001, S1–S12. [URI]
Updated: 1 May 2012


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BYD Europe B.V.
http://www.bydeurope.com
BYD Europe B.V., established in the Netherlands in 1998, was the first overseas subsidiary of BYD. Its main focus is to provide European customers with BYD new energy vehicles (principally buses), rechargeable batteries, solar panels, energy storage systems, and rail transit. BYD has grown to a compelling new energy vehicle industry leader. Its pure electric buses have been sold in more than 20 countries and in over 70 European cities.
The BYD 12m ebus is the most popular ebus in the BYD ebus portfolio. With thousands of its kind on roads worldwide, the bus has proven to be safe and reliable. The heart of the electric bus is the battery. BYD started as a battery company and has independently developed all the main core components of the electric bus.


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Postdoctoral Fellow in Machine Learning
Postdoctoral Fellow in Mathematical Modeling
Characterizing coexisting clones within a tumor
One reason tumors can adapt to our treatment is that they are composed of heterogeneous cells. The relative frequencies of subclones within a heterogeneous population changes in response to treatment. The progress in quantifying cellular diversity in the past years has been remarkable, in part thanks to advances in single cell sequencing (sc-Seq). But scDNA-Seq for example is just one perspective on a tumor cell, in turn yielding only one of many perspectives on the tumor's population composition. Looking at the cell's RNA instead of the DNA, we will likely see a different population structure. And yet another if we look at imaging data and the cells' microenvironment. It's like having a set of different sensors – one that measures smell, another colors, yet another measures displacement – none of them give the complete picture.
But what we ultimately want to know is not what subpopulations differ in their DNA or RNA, but we're interested in that outline of subpopulations that defines differential drug sensitivities. Data integration is likely to bring us closer to this goal than looking at a single angle. Integrating multiple perspectives – we can better answer the question: what really is a clone?
Clone specific vulnerabilities
Knowing what a clone really is – knowing what constitutes a clone in a tumor – is a powerful metric that informs parameters of tumor evolution that are otherwise difficult to measure directly. Clone characteristics can help inform mathematical models and prediction of therapeutic strategies to steer clonal dynamics into the desired direction. Our lab investigates changes in the clonal composition over time in the face of defined selective pressures. Two projects to that end define the selective pressure as either: 1) DNA-damaging therapies or 2) energetic/nutrient limitations.
1. A clone's genomic stability as biomarker of its DNA-damage resilience
Awards: Pathway to Independence Award (K99/R00), NCI; Dean's fellowship, Stanford; Best poster award, Cancer Target Discovery.
A main problem in the treatment of advanced cancers, including gastric cancers and glioma, is the incertitude at which we predict how individual patients will respond to DNA-damaging agents, especially on the long run. Knowing the mechanism behind a patient's response, or the lack thereof, will help us depart from the oversimplified "more-is-better" and "one-size-fits-all" principles according to which DNA-damaging agents are administered. This will improve clinical outcome by allowing us to pinpoint those who would respond better and longer to lower doses of DNA-damaging agents, than to higher doses. Under the assumption that the success of DNA-damaging therapy increases with the proliferation rate of a relatively homogeneous tumor population, there was little reason to assume anything other than monotonic dose-response relations. But with the recent paradigm shift that most cancers are in fact DNA mosaic products of ongoing evolution, comes the urgency to reconsider these fundamental principles behind DNA-damaging therapy administration. As the developers of one of the first DNA deconvolution methods and with access to technologies to profile the genomes and transcriptomes of up to 10,000 cells simultaneously, we are equipped to embark on first personalized dose-finding strategies for DNA-damaging therapies. We will test the potential of the very long-term legacy that DNA-damage entails on a cell – genomic instability – as new biomarker of DNA-damage response. Our preliminary studies showed that, for most cancer types, DNA-damaging agents change a clone's genomic instability and that clones succumb to a limit in the amount of genomic instability they can tolerate. In particular, our results showed that patients with intermediate genomic instability have a very poor outcome and that this relation is only evident among treatment-naïve patients, Research_Page_I4_GIlimit.png but not among patients treated with DNA-damaging agents. Further they show that we can measure genomic instability per clone and that clones with extreme genomic instability typically don't grow large. Our hypothesis that genomic instability, rather than proliferation rate, determines how sensitive a tumor is to DNA damaging agents on the long-term, is founded on two unexpected findings: (i) Patients with extremely high genomic instability per tumor clone have an exceptionally good outcome. We integrate single cell DNA- and RNA-Seq data to characterize clones and to measure how much genomic instability they can tolerate. (ii) Low genomic instability is associated with reduced benefit from DNA-damaging agents. We quantify DNA damage per clone, relating it to the clones' ability to tolerate DNA damage and to changes in the genomic instability of therapy-surviving clones. By measuring the proximity of tumor clones to the maximum genomic instability a cell can tolerate, we are developing one of the first models that base clinical decisions on the characterization of clones rather than tumor bulk.
2. Modeling the evolution of ploidy in a resource restricted environment
Most gliomas are diagnosed as either lower-grade lesions (grade II) or Glioblastoma (grade IV). Progression of lower-grade gliomas (LGG) to Glioblastoma (GBM) is accompanied by a phenotypic switch to an invasive cell phenotype. Converging evidence from colorectal-, breast-, and lung- cancers, suggests a strong enrichment of high ploidy cells among metastatic lesions as compared to the primary (Brastianos et al., 2015; Angelova et al., 2015). Even in normal development: trophoblast giant cells are responsible for invading the placenta during embryogenesis and strikingly these cells can have up to 1000 copies of the genome (Hannibal et al., 2014). All this points to the existence of a ubiquitous mechanism that links high DNA content to an invasive phenotype. We formulate a mechanistic Grow-or-go model that postulates higher energy demands of high-ploidy cells as a driver of invasive behavior.
High energy environment
Low energy environment
CNVs are a phenotypically effective form of genomic instability, leading to changes in the expression of a lot of genes simultaneously, even affecting the size of the cell. Our model proposes CNVs as an efficient route for cells to switch back and forth between migration and proliferation. This mechanism may contribute to the quick recurrence of GBMs after surgery (Hatzikirou et al., 2012) and may also explain striking differences in the prognostic power of integrin signaling and cell cycle progression between males and females (Yang et al., 2019).
andor\ Research
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Copyright protection for people who jailbreak their iPhones, as to install unauthorized apps and modify the inner workings of the OS, is set to expire soon. In the face of this, the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) has started asking for signatures on a new petition to renew this jailbreaking exemption law.
This was introduced three years ago, and is the reason why you don't see any of the high profile legal actions that Apple took against the jailbreaking community. This is protection, an exemption to the 1998 Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) that limits the possible ramifications of the act of jailbreaking to just voiding Apple's warranty.
With this in mind, the EFF have voiced themselves to the jailbreaking community to send all comments in favour of renewal of this policy to the Copyright Office, along with expanding the exemption law to cover tablets and video game consoles.
As former jailbreakers ourselves, we can see both sides to this. The OS is closed, and in the face of Android that may be confining to some, whereas focus on the solidified design and the seamless integration between software and hardware can be appreciated by others.
Whichever way, it shouldn't be a crime to modify a product that you've bought, and with how much money you probably dropped on that iPhone/iPad/iPod Touch, a voided warranty is punishment enough.
Can Google Predict Who You Are By The Sites You Visit?


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AN ALL ROUND ARTIST
Peter Sampson is a versatile artist who has expressed his creative vain through his projects in a number of diverse fields; from the interiors of luxury hotels, to those of classical apartments, from the layout and décor of offshore platforms to those of liners belonging to the more prestigious cruise companies. The long list of works by Peter Sampson reveals sofas, original looking chairs and many other accessory furnishings, as well as a fascinating hi-tech guitar built by the master lutist Nathan Sheppard. The Esthonian studio has been in the marine business since 1990 working at design, engineering, project management and production of accessory furnishings for interiors. After being initially involved in both the civil and military sectors of large ships, such as ferries, passenger ships, and explorers of over 276 metres, over the years the studio has also specialised in the design of leisure yachts, an easy choice as the market was moving towards larger sizes. Peter Sampson's previous experience naturally favoured his entrance into this market, clearing his way towards working with the biggest names in the business worldwide.
Some of Peter Sampson's better known work is the KS "Norge", the 80.2 metre belonging to his Highness Harald V of Norway, for which the Esthonia based studio has supplied the design and furnishings of the interior, MV "Titan", a 60 metre previously known as "Beagle", a British naval vessel which underwent major conversion work, and MY "Ucka", Croatia's Presidential Vessel for which Peter Sampson designed plans and interior. Peter Sampson, who is famous for being quite an eclectic, is able to create designs for any type of interior, going from the traditional to the contemporary to futuristic styles with great ease never being ordinary; this is indeed a virtue we can find in his more recent work the Nereus 50 and the Hylas 50 The first is a typical Ketch-rigged motor sailer of 50 metres, which seems inspired by the sophisticated elegance of the Edwardian Era but with the performance and the safety features of a modern luxury yacht. The layout is decidedly special, the owner suite in the bows on the main bridge is divided into three separate areas, lounge, sleeping area with night views, thanks to a glass panel superstructure and a double bathroom. Below deck we'll find four more cabins sleeping eight guests plus the crews' quarters also for eight including services. Other interesting facilities on board include a dining room, lounge and bar cabinets both inside and out, as well as an hydraulic platform astern.
The Hylas 50, in full contrast to the previously described project, is an is a motor yacht of extremes in every detail from the design to its performance. The Hylas is a yacht with no compromizes, a fascinating multi- hull for shapes and layout. The owner suite in the bows is immediately noticeable, taking up the full beam of the lower deck. It is divided into three well distinct areas: the night quarters centrally placed and separated by a semi-circular partition, comprising bed, walk-in wardrobe and large en suite bathroom with double facilities and hydromassage; a modern lounge to port and study to starboard, take up the forward spaces in each of the two hulls where each end is characterized by the presence of two glass domes offering 180° views. Another peculiarity of the layout of the main deck rests with the 300 sqm available in the bows for recreational purposes. These last two projects are a clear example of how Peter Sampson is an all round artist, capable of going from one extreme to the other in the least conventional fashion offering a wide range of services, from the design to the supply of the interiors, from the manufacture of furniture to the fitting of teak decks, from the development of new hulls to the supply of complete crafts.
For further information: Peter Sampson Design; Karu 14-6; 10120 Tallinn; Esthonia; tel. & fax +372 660 6079; web site: www.peter-sampson.com; e mail sveta@peter-sampson.com, mail@peter- sampson.com.


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Smallholder perceptions of agroforestry projects in Panama
Panama's history of shifting slash-and-burn cultivation methods has resulted in rapid deforestation and declines in land fertility in the latter 20th C with an increased population and increased resource extraction pressures. Agroforestry has been promoted in Central America, initially for fuelwood and then for more diverse usages and supplemental income for smallholders.
Identifying Fast-Growing Native Trees from the Neotropics using Data from a Large, Permanent Census Plot
This paper results from data collected over a decade from 160 trees in a 50 ha plot in BCI Panama.
Growth in dbh was calculated and a projection (trajectory) was estimated for the life of the tree (using regression).
A Survey of Small-Scale Farmers Using Trees in Pastures in Herrera Province, Panama
The Herrera Province on the Azuero Peninsula of Panamá has experienced significant deforestation for the purpose of cattle ranching.
The goal of the study was to determine more information about the use of trees in smallholder cow pastures. Herreran pasture owners were interviewed about the different uses for trees in their pastures as well as the variety of tree species.
Tree Atlas of Panama: Trees, Shrubs, and Palms
The Tree Atlas of Panama is a digital database established by the Center for Tropical Forest Science and the Smithsonian Tropical Resource Institute that aims to help with the identification of trees, shrubs, and palms of Panama.
Studies on the Seed Biology of 100 Native Species of Trees in a Seasonal Moist Tropical Forest, Panama, Central America
Since 1998, the Panama Canal Watershed has experienced a decline in forest cover. The watershed ensures a functioning canal, thus there has been a significant investment in resources to reforest and restore the region. While these projects have focused primarily on native species, there has been issues with seed-handling.
The Structure and Composition of a Tropical Dry Forest Landscape After Land Clearance; Azuero Peninsula, Panama
This article describes natural regeneration that has occured in five different habitat types in the Azuero Peninsula of Panama. These habitat types include active pasture, 2-yr abandoned pasture, 5-yr abandoned pasture, forest riparian zones, and a secondary forest fragment. This region is characterized by agricultural and cattle ranching landcapes in areas that previously were tropical dry forest (1700 mm rainfall per year) until the mid-20th century and have recently been undergoing rapid turnover in land ownership.
Forest Management Practices in the Bayano Region of Panama: Cultural Variations
This paper examines differences in forest exploitation between indigenous groups and colonists along an agricultural frontier in Panama and focuses on differences in forest use, economic base, and management practices.
The author compares total annual income, timber harvest volume and tree planting efforts per household in 5 indigenous villages and 3 colonist villages.
Tree plantations on farms: Evaluating growth and potential for success
Interest in native species is growing across the tropics as reforestation of degraded lands becomes more widespread. Evaluation of successful species is an important component of reforestation planning.