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Home » TellMeWhy » What Is a Witch Doctor?
Posted by Juniorsbook on Mar 1, 2018 in TellMeWhy |
What Is a Witch Doctor?
What Is a Witch Doctor? Among many tribes the most important member, after the chief, is the witch doctor or medicine man. He or she combines the roles of priest and healer and is regarded with fear and respect. Often he or she may claim to have power over the spirit world, or to be able to read the secrets of the past and foretell the future. The witch doctor is responsible for the magical rites for ensuring rain, fruitful crops or good hunting.
He or she also enforces obedience to taboos and rituals, and may cast a spell upon any man who disobeys them. Such a spell may prove fatal to a victim who believes in it. In his or her capacity as healer, the witch doctor acquires a specialized knowledge of herbs, many of which form the basis of modern medicines. Even so, the cure will not be tried without the use of magical charms, spells and ritual.
The term witch doctor is sometimes used to refer to healers, particularly in third world regions, who use traditional healing rather than contemporary medicine. In contemporary society, "witch doctor" is sometimes used derisively to refer to chiropractors, homeopaths and faith healers. In the north of England, the superstition lingers to an almost inconceivable extent. Lancashire abounds with witch-doctors, a set of quacks, who pretend to cure diseases inflicted by the devil.
A healing ceremony held in Worcester, England on October 26, 2017, is a rare, modern example of the practice in Europe. A sacred river blessing was conducted by a travelling witch doctor at the River Severn after rumors of a cholera risk. Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 was said to be present in the river due to migrating salmon which had consumed crustacean zooplankton carrying the bacteria.
In southern Africa, the witch doctors are known as sangomas. The Oxford English Dictionary states that the first use of the term "witch doctor" to refer to African shamans (i.e. medicine men) was in 1836 in a book by Robert Montgomery Martin.
BBC News reported, on March 12, 2015, that, "More than 200 witch-doctors and traditional healers have been arrested in Tanzania in a crackdown on the murder of albino people. The killings have been driven by the belief – advanced by some witch-doctors – that the body parts have properties that confer wealth and good luck. According to the Red Cross, witch-doctors are prepared to pay $75,000 (£50,000) for a complete set of albino body parts. Nearly 80 albino Tanzanians have been killed since 2000, the UN says. The latest victims include a one-year-old albino boy, killed in north-western Tanzania. The government banned witch-doctors in January as part of its efforts to prevent further attacks and kidnappings targeting people with albinism."
Jhākri is the Nepali word for shaman. It is sometimes reserved specifically for practitioners of Nepali shamanism, such as that practiced among the Tamang people and the Magars; it is also used in the Indian states of Sikkim and West Bengal, which border Nepal. Jhākri shamanism is practiced among numerous ethnic groups of Nepal and Northeast India, including the Limbu, Rai, Sunwar, Sherpa, Kami, Tamang, Gurung, Magars, Lepcha and Khas.
Belief in spirits is prevalent, hence also the fear of spirit possession. Jhākris perform rituals during weddings, funerals, and harvests. They diagnose and cure diseases. Their practices are influenced by Hinduism, Tibetan Buddhism, Mun, and Bönrites.
Content for this question contributed by Michael Hunter, resident of Greensburg, Decatur County, Indiana, USA
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Float and Sink Lemon Ice
Posted by Juniorsbook in Experiential Activities


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From Kent, a yoyo champion.
Complicated mechanisms Explained in simple animations.
48 things frugality has taught me.
"I could tell you, but I'd have to kill you."
Interesting experiment using an iPad as a dish.
A combination bicycle and elliptical trainer, the ElliptiGO.
Danger often lurks closer than you think: Me, my shark, and I.
People in the back seat of your car can keep themselves entertained if you have the iPad headrest mount.
A day in the life of a space shuttle solid rocket booster.
Refrigerator with built-in TV. Because, really, who doesn't just stand at the fridge and watch CSI?
Keep your Bluetooth headset with you all the time when you have this iPhone 4 case with built-in Bluetooth earpiece.
A collection of Star Wars yoga poses.
If historical events had Facebook statuses.
Get a protective decal for your iPhone 4 that looks like someone famous is calling you.
Nothing says cute punk like Hello Kitty Doc Martens.
The original illustrated book, Unicorn Being a Jerk.
The funniest graph contest winner: All Theories Proven with One Graph.
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The nature mockumentary, The Majestic Plastic Bag.
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The 100 cheesiest movie quotes of all time.
I'd forgotten about Simon the cat -- thanks for the reminder!


Just one night before the Carnegie Deli massacre, the two alleged murderers made a creepy preview visit to the crime scene, a witness told jurors in bombshell testimony yesterday.
The testimony backs an important prosecution claim that Sean Salley, 30, and André Smith, 31, cased the place on the eve of their armed drug-heist-turned-triple-murder in a fifth-floor marijuana den above the famed Theater District eatery.
The testimony by the ponytailed Peña – a self-described musical-theater actor and surrealistic painter – was particularly damaging to the case of Smith, who claims he was never at the apartment where the slaughter took place in May 2001.
But Peña's impact was greatly blunted during cross-examination, when defense lawyers caught him in some apparent exaggerations and got him to admit that cops initially brushed him off as an attention-seeker.
Peña boasted he was "very close" with pot dealer Jennifer Stahl, 39, who lived in the apartment and whose cash and drugs were the target of the heist.
But on cross-examination, he appeared to misstate the days on which she took pot customers and backtracked on how many times he'd been to the apartment in the months before her murder.
Smith lawyer Edna Schwartz tried to dismiss the unemployed actor as a spotlight-grabber, and Salley lawyer Mitch Dinnerstein joined in, asking Peña about the so-called silent visitors.
"I'm officially deaf in my right ear," Peña said, admitting that his hearing loss makes normal conversation difficult.
Also yesterday, a Bronx grand jury indicted Salley for assault – for punching a jail guard on Rikers Island last Tuesday. The guard needed eight stitches to close the gash in his head. Salley faces an added seven years in prison for the attack in addition to the life sentence he faces in the massacre.


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Platform Network
About Platform
Platform Members
Want to become member?
Austria - Vorarlberg
Belgium - Flanders
Czech Republic - Olomouc
Estonia - Headest
Germany - Eifel Ardennen
Germany - Lower Franconia
Germany - Mecklenburg Vorpommern
Greece - Corinthia
Ireland - Galway
Ireland - Tipperary
Italy - Novara
Poland - Western Pomerania
Portugal - Famalicao
Russia - Novgorod
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Romania - Bihor
Hungary - South Plain Region
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Hungary - Hajdú Bihar
member region: Hajdú-Bihar
The area of the whole country is 100.000 km2 . Hungarians have been living here for over 1100 years.Hungary boasts a heritage that attracts people from far and wide. The capital is Budapest, theUNESCO declared it as "the pearl of the Danube", a world heritage site.
Hungary has the world's second largest reserve of surface thermal water, with more than 1000 springs, and nearly 300 are used for bathing purposes. The country sits on one ofthe richest geothermal and medicinal water resources in the world. Hungary is proud to claim eight sites that qualified for the world heritage list of outstanding value. We have natural treasures, surface formations and caves. Besides, we have outstanding grapevine growing regions with excellent quality of wine all over the country. The weather is different in each season, hot in the summer, cold in the winter, warm in the spring and mild in the autumn. Hungarians are famous about their hospitality we welcome everyone who visit us.
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The Local Government of Hajdú-Bihar County has been member of the Platform since the beginning. It is located in the cultural center of the region in Debrecen which is the second largest town in Hungary, though twice in its history italso served as the capital.Showing its cultural centreit is a renowned town of universities with nearly 20.000 students. As for youth affairs, we cooperate with the youth organisations of our region, take part in the coordination of youth activities, meanwhile we facilitate the work of youth organisations by transmitting our contacts and organising concrete programmes with neverending enthusiasm. Our goal is to make the participants become familiar with our history and natural treasures and have fondmemories of our region when they return home.
For more information of Hungary please see:
www.hungary.com
For more information of the Local Government of Hajdú-Bihar County please see:
www.hbmo.hu
See more example photos from one of our camps at the Photos -page.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Thirsty Pilgrim: Fantasizing About Exercise Makes Us Thirsty for Bink.
Fantasizing About Exercise Makes Us Thirsty for Bink.
Mrs. Pilgrim and I own no bicycles, but we occasionally imagine it. Usually this happens only after we've driven our car to a pleasant brewery or café attached to a cycling trail. In Limburg we've been to at least two places that had that effect on us: the Achel Trappist brewery on the Dutch border, and the Kerkom brewery in the pastoral Haspengouw region.
On Saturday it was Kerkom. The brewery sits in an area near Sint-Truiden that offers a mix of trees, farmland and gentle hills—perfect for cycling (or so we gather). It's on a road that's part of several cycling routes, including the Trudo "Local Beers" Route. Four euros gets you a map from the tourist office in Sint-Truiden. You can also rent bikes there for €9 a day.
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The fine print: From April to October, Kerkom's café is closed Mondays and Tuesdays, open other weekdays starting at noon, and weekends and holidays starting at 10 a.m. During the cooler months it's only open Thursdays though Sundays starting at noon. For hundreds of other excellent Belgian road trip destinations, invest in the Good Beer Guide Belgium by Tim Webb, a man who owns a bicycle and uses it here as often as possible.
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Willy Rosen
The filmcomposer and actor Willy Rosen was born as Wilhelm Rosenbaum.
He began his artistic career during World War I when he composed first songs for a front theater. Shortly afterwards he founded the band Rosen.
After the war he became established as a cabaret artist in Berlin, first at the cabaret Schwarzer Kater, later at the cabarets Die Spinne, Rakete and Kabarett der Komiker.
He soon became popular for a huge audience, among others also for his musical comedies he wrote. During his career he published over 50 records.
He joined the film business in 1929.
He not only made his debut as a filmcomposer with "Wenn du einmal dein Herz verschenkst" (29) this year but he also impersonated his first roles in front of the camera for "Treppenwitze von Wilhelm Bendow und Paul Morgan" (29) and "Ehe in Not" (29).
At the beginning of the 30s he wrote the music for the productions "Die zärtlichen Verwandten" (30), "Moritz macht sein Glück" (31), "Zurück zur Natur" (31), "Holzapfel weiss alles" (32), "Kampf um Blond" (33), "Manolescu, der Fürst der Diebe" (33) and "Es war einmal ein Musikus" (33).
As an actor he took part in the movies "Die zärtlichen Verwandten" (30) and "Aafa-Kunterbunt" (32).
But with the rise of National Socialists his career came to an end. As a Jew he was no longer allowed to work in Germany and he escaped abroad. In 1937 he emigrated to the Netherlands where he founded the cabaret "Theater der Prominenten". But with the invasion of the National Socialists in the Netherlands his career ended there as well. A planed departure to the USA failed and Willy Rosen was arrested. Via Westerbork he was deported to Theresienstadt and afterwards to Auschwitz where he was gassed at the end of October 1944.


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Home WinBuzzer News Europe's GDPR Laws Could See Facebook Fined $1.63 billion
Europe's GDPR Laws Could See Facebook Fined $1.63 billion
If last week's Facebook data breach affects a European, the Union's GDPR rules allow regulators to fine the company 4% of last year's revenue.
October 1, 2018 5:03 pm CEST
The hits keep coming for Facebook in 2018, which has been the company's anno horribilis. Last week, the social network suffered a security breach that has put it in the crosshairs of the toughest regulator of them all, the European Commission.
Facebook confirmed its "View As" feature had been compromised in the breach. If you are unfamiliar with this tool, it allows users to see their own profile as someone else would.
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The General Data Protection Regulation is a sweeping law that came into effect earlier this year. Companies scrambled to gain compliance for GDPR as the penalties for ignoring the laws can be harsh.
For example, there is a $23 million fine or 4% of worldwide revenue for the previous year for not protecting data. Facebook could already be on the hook for $1.63 billion (its 4%) just because of the breach. Another 2% of revenue could have been lost by missing the deadline for reporting breaches. Luckily for the social network, it reported on time.
It is worth pointing out that no fine is guaranteed at this point. It is unclear whether anybody's account was affected. Facebook may have spotted it before any compromise. Either way, a European citizen would need to be affected for the GDPR regulations to come into play.
Last week also ended on a poor note for the company. Facebook admitted that it takes user phone numbers and gives them to advertisers without asking for permission. Worse is the fact the numbers are given by users for greater security.
SOURCEWall Street Journal
Previous articleMicrosoft's Digital Peace Now Finalizes Plans for Digital Geneva Convention
Next articleMicrosoft Now Notifies Windows 10 Users About Ransomware Protection
LastPass Admits Customer Backups Were Stolen during Data Breach
2022 U.S. Data Breaches Almost Match 2021's Record Total
EU to Issue Warning to Microsoft as Google, Nvidia Voice Concerns on Activision Blizzard Merger


Worms W.M.D is host to extensive single player and multiplayer modes. With the single player focusing on 20 training missions, 30 campaign missions and 10 challenges and the multiplayer being both local and online for up to six players.
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To pre-order the Worms W.M.D All-Stars Edition pop along to the Xbox Games Store, the European PlayStation Store (territory dependent), you can also pre-order it from Steam and GOG.


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Q: Hudson bAt Script and Network drives I build my little project with Hudson and would like to publish it on my network drive.
To do this, I wrote a little script which is executed after the build process:
xcopy .\Installer\bin\Release\*.* "M:\installerRelease" /I /E /Y

I tested it out of the working folder of hudson in the command line prompt and everything works great. After I put the code into Hudson and perform a build, Hudson says that everything works out well. So I take a look to my M drive but nothing's there. But the build log tells me that all the files were copied.
Is Hudson not able to write to the Netdrive?

A: I solved the Problem:
You need to use the server URl ...
Like:
//Server/installerRelease

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Projects – Powder Quest
Resource Parent Forms (CA)
Resource Parent Forms (NV)
Running with the Bears
Bear Growl Gravel Grinder
Chico CA Office
Reno NV Office
Home/Adoption, Chico, Foster Care, Plumas County, Reno, Running, Running with the Bears, Susanville, Uncategorized/January News
Inside This January Issue:
A Sweet Adventure For a Child Who Has Been Through Too Much
Meet Savannah: A Former Foster Teen Joins Our Staff
Chico: A Community That Gives Back BIG TIME
Rodney: A Bears Charity Runner Who is Starting Early
A Reno Christmas Party on Wheels
January Trainings
Our Plumas County Office: A Sweet Adventure For A Child Who Has Been Through Too Much…
Marissa is an 11-year-old foster child that has been in care for about 7 months. She was previously in an adoptive home, and suffered the loss of her adoptive mother last spring. Marissa is now in a new, and very loving, foster home and recently went on a family vacation to Six Flags Discovery Kingdom in Vallejo, California with her foster parent and the other children in the home. For anyone who may not know, Six Flags is an animal theme park that has amazing rides, exotic animals, and fantastic shows! Marissa's excitement when sharing her experience about this trip is immeasurable! When asked what her favorite part of Six Flags was, she exclaimed,
"All of it!!!"
Marissa really loved the upside down roller coasters, and even rode on an elephant! Until now, Marissa had not ever been to a theme park. Lucky for her, Marissa's foster parent greatly enjoys taking fun family vacations as often as possible. You deserve it Marissa, and Mountain Circle is so glad to be a part of your team 🙂
A Holiday Transition: Meet Savannah, former foster teen, who has joined the Mountain Circle (MC) staff! Savannah is a previous participant in MC's Transitional Housing Plus (THP) Program, and was also an employee at Mountain Circle's Vocational Training Center, the Nu-2-U Store. We couldn't be more proud of her!! Savannah has always been a part of our Mountain Circle Family, but she joined our Susanville office at one of the busiest times of the year…Christmas. Savannah has been phenomenal in her short 10 days working at making all of our holiday parties and plans successful! She even helped at a local Senior Home, making sock snowmen, and specifically worked one-to-one with a resident who was blind.
She used her unique style and taste to help make this woman's snowman a real fashionable one. At the Senior Home, she was joined by our THP house mentor Kathleen, and other THP youth.
We asked Savannah a few questions regarding her new job.
1. How has your experience been in your new position?
My experience in this new position has been very well. It has been very educational and has pulled me out of my comfort zone.
2. What differences do you find between working at Nu-2-U and in the front office?
The difference that I find between the two jobs is that working in the front office is very fast paced compared to Nu-2-U. It has a lot more paperwork and independent work days.
3. Do you feel your experience in THP has prepared you for the work world?
Originally, I did not feel that THP helped me with much, but once I stayed in the program longer and aged out, I realized when I needed help and reached out. The people working for MC have so much compassion and love for the youth that are a part of it. The only thing I could suggest would be more independent living skills to better prepare youth for the real world. The program is absolutely fantastic and such an amazing opportunity for foster youth to be put back on their feet.
Our Chico Office: The Community Gives Back BIG TIME: Barnes and Noble really kicked off the Holiday season for Mountain Circle Family Services, by donating hundreds of books to our children and several pounds of coffee to our Foster Families.
To top that, Barnes and Noble generously opened their doors to Mountain Circle to wrap gifts for cash donations. Many of our Foster Parents and even the Chico Chapter of Delta Nu offered expertise in gift wrapping. We spent four full days at Barnes and Noble wrapping books and accessories for time-strapped holiday shoppers; it was a great way for us to give back during the season, as well.
As if that wasn't enough, we had an amazing woman by the name of Paula Law rally friends and family to make a huge donation to the children of Mountain Circle. Law and her friends and family piled into the MC office one evening, bearing nothing but smiles and gifts for families. Mountain Circle staff stood awe-struck as people carrying piles of gifts walked in, one after another.
These generous people filled an entire room with gifts for boys and girls of all ages. From stuffed animals to bicycles; it was truly a sight to see. That night, we met some incredible people from Paula Law's group of friends and they made quite the impression on us here at Mountain Circle. It was a humbling experience to be in the presence of so many selfless, thoughtful people.
The outpouring of generosity from our community here in Chico, enabled us to throw our Foster Parents and their childre n a fun-filled Christmas Party. All children received a gift from Santa Claus himself, there was plenty of food, laughter and games of hide-and-go-seek.
It's safe to say everyone left the party full, exhausted, and quite happy.This Holiday season has truly been one of giving and we couldn't be more thankful for everyone's efforts and contributions.
Running with the Bears Charity Runners Make the Difference!
Meet Rodney (on right, with his pup)~ The Rodney and Sumalee page has already fundraised $160- THANK YOU!! Rodney is committed to starting his fundraising early, in order to support Mountain Circle's work all year around.
We asked Rodney, "What is the first step to asking for support?"
"First, I can't say enough about how much I love RWTB, from the race event to the after party to the staff and volunteers. This is my favorite race every year and I make sure to let my other running friends know it!
How did I go about asking my friends/supporters to donate to my page? Well, I have been using word of mouth and Social Media (Facebook) as my way to let others know about RWTB. I have only used Facebook to solicit donations to RWTB by making posts asking for donations to the great cause and linking to my donation page each time I make that post.
August 20th can't get here soon enough."
You can launch your own page RIGHT HERE, and thank you for joining our team! Together we can make a world of difference to the special children served by Mountain Circle.
CHECK OUT this short article on why runners make awesome fundraisers. Here are three tips:
1.) Ask for higher amounts. The Boston Marathon runners collected the majority of their money from donors who gave $25 to $75 or $100 to $150. But the most successful of those fund-raising runners—those who brought in more than $7,500—generated twice the number of donations in the $100 to $125 range than their peers. "If you ask for higher amounts, they will give it," Ms. Askanase says. "Don't ask for $25. Ask for $100. You very likely could get it." The average online donation was $75.
2.) Start early. Runners who started raising money seven to nine months before the marathon raised higher amounts, on average, but more than 90 percent of donations came in during the four months before the marathon. Ms. Askanase recommends that runners ask their close friends and families for support first, since they're more likely to give and donate higher amounts. Those gifts can then be used to motivate others.
3.) Hit your benchmark. To raise $3,250, the minimum requirement for the Boston Marathon, runners needed to obtain contributions from 36 to 40 donors, on average.
Runners who raise money for charity by participating in marathons need to recruit sponsors at least four months before they race, secure commitments from 30 to 40 sponsoring donors, and ask donors for contributions in the $100 to $125 range, according to a new study.
Our Reno Office: A Lesson in Making A Challenging Month Special For Foster Kids:
Making the Holidays special for during the Holiday season is always difficult for children in foster care, but with the help of a few huge hearts this season we were able to give our kids a Christmas that is worthy of remembering for a lifetime.
In light of giving to our foster children, we also make it a point to give to our foster parents. They work up close and very personal with each of these kids, and we really wanted to shower them with appreciation. The ladies at Talbots were kind enough to donate three HUGE gift baskets to our foster parents.
Some received new board games, movies, anything family related. Our amazing contact with Toys-4-Tots was again a great success. The Reno Rodeo held a drive this year as well and we were able to get more for the kids! As the gifts poured from Reno we got an amazing donation of books from the Chico area. The Reno office wasn't done yet. Every person in the Reno office helped out by wrapping each and every gift. Our parents were so thankful, as many of them have up to seven kids to wrap for!
Now, what better way to celebrate another year coming and going than by food and roller skating? The Owner of Roller Kingdom was beyond giving this season. Mountain Circle's Reno office received not just the space to host our party but the skates and part of the food and drinks for free! We were all so shocked and thankful. Each of the kids were excited to skate, eat pizza, and have fun. There were so many other parties going on and the kids made fast friends. Nothing warms a heart like watching a child whom we have accepted into our agency and homes, smile just light up with excitement and joy. This holiday season was yet again quite magical.
THANK YOU FOR BEING A PART OF OUR TEAM!!
Please, Help Us Serve Foster Children and Families All Year Around~
Non-Profit 501c3# 680062345
Chico Trainings:
Thursday the 14th: FP1 Orientation 6-8pm
Saturday the 16th: FP2 Policy and Documentation 10am-4pm
Saturday the 23rd: FP3 Parenting Foster Child 10am-4pm
Friday the 29th: Crisis Intervention ITFC Part 1 8:30am-5:30pm
Saturday the 30th: Crisis Intervention ITFC Part 2 8:30am-5:30pm
Lassen and Plumas County Pre-Certification Trainings:
Saturday January 9th, 2016 9:00am – 3:00pm: Pre-Certification Training "Documentation, Policies & Procedures" in Susanville
Saturday January 16th, 2016 9:00am – 3:00pm: Pre-Certification Training "Documentation, Policies & Procedures" in Greenville
Saturday January 23rd, 2016 9:00am – 4:00pm: Pre-Certification Training "Parenting a Foster Child" in Susanville
Saturday January 30th, 2016 9:00am – 4:00pm: Pre-Certification Training "Parenting a Foster Child" in Greenville
By Admin|2017-07-16T12:08:23-07:00January 3rd, 2016|Adoption, Chico, Foster Care, Plumas County, Reno, Running, Running with the Bears, Susanville, Uncategorized|0 Comments
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4600 Kietzke Lane Suite H-182
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Welcome and thank you for your interest in the Classroom Trials.
The Classroom Trials are designed to test the capabilities of software designed to support the instruction of writing in a classroom setting. We are limiting the products for consideration to those that include a feature of automated feedback to teachers, students and others supporting the instruction of writing in a classroom setting. The Working Group responsible for designing the trials is addressing an important challenge in the American public education system. Two emerging trends face the classroom teacher: 1) students are increasingly composing in digital environments; and, 2) demands on teachers to deliver meaningful assessment and formative instruction are climbing. If software can help enhance meaningful review of student work, then those resources should be examined for their capability to support writing instruction.
Matching the needs of students and teachers within a typical school environment.
You are invited to participate. As you enter this website, you will learn how to apply, who is responsible for selecting the participants and how. If you are selected, you will join between 3-5 other providers, and those vendors will have opportunities to inform the final study variables. Detailed study design considerations are available for your review.
After the selection process, the 3-5 products will be analyzed according to commonalities (e.g., output data). While assessment will take place to determine how the products are used, individual vendors will not be identified in the reports issued by the Working Group. In this way, capabilities can be examined in terms by features and use cases, wherever impact can be achieved for students, teachers, parents, and school administrators.
Can software support the instruction of writing in a classroom setting?
Providers of software, designed to support the instruction of writing, have been competing for space within schools for decades. For many, success has been measured in increments, such as the number of students or teachers using an application. This race to build traction within schools has led to a fragmented and largely misunderstood marketplace; there has been no comprehensive investigation into the potential of these systems, and most of the literature reads as promotional for some product or provider. The study is designed to offer a fair, impartial and balanced investigation into the current capabilities of selected systems, so that diverse groups of students, parents, administrators, and teachers can better understand where and how software can play a role in supporting the instruction of writing.
As schools shift to online assessment over the next few years, computers will play a larger role in both how students are tested and how they prepare for those tests. This presents a unique opportunity to inform school administrators, teachers and students of the potential to support new instructional demands. At a time when the use of computers in classrooms is scheduled to change dramatically, a rigorous and unbiased study of tools that are specifically designed to support those new demands will benefit both providers and consumers of those services.
Finally, the study is specifically focused on how software can support writing instruction. We know that students are writing less today. We also know that demands placed on teachers are a critical factor in addressing how much writing is assigned. Put simply, as classroom sizes are growing, the level of detailed feedback provided to each student/writer is falling. Software can play a vital role to address those workload constraints, and teachers need more information to understand their potential.
The study will yield multiple sources of evidence. As such, every effort will be made to address the following: the selection of classrooms adhering to common practices of writing instruction for both intervention and control groups; encouraging engagement of software in the service of writing instruction; identification of meaningful outcome variables for the study; and, the protection of human subjects.
Based on conceptualizations of validity, the design of the study is focused on the best ways, constrained by time and resources, to gather evidence for the selected products, including but not limited to those implications of the product usage, generalizations that might be made from each product's unique capabilities, extrapolations of data output interpretations, and theory-based interpretations of the findings.
Down-selection of vendors to validate study design requirements. Investigation of platform use data to validate alignment with variable considerations.
Surveys and/or semi-structured interviews with administrators, teachers, students.
Ability of products to score student writing samples in ways similar to humans.
Descriptive reporting of product performance(s) and other measures of writing performance, with attention to reporting in terms of ESL, ELL, Special Education, gender and race/ethnicity, if necessary.
Convergent and divergent sources of evidence based on performance and attitudinal variables.
Analysis of evidence based on concurrent research on similar products by the educational measurement and writing communities; interpretation of findings in light of that research.
Impact of the system within the sampling plan.
Match the needs of students and teachers within the constraints of typical school environments.
H0 selected products will not increase the quality of writing by students at levels of significant difference.
HA selected products will increase the quality of writing by students at levels of significant difference.
H0 selected products will not increase the quantity of writing by students at levels of significant difference.
HA selected products will increase the quantity of writing by students at levels of significant difference.
H0 selected products will not support teachers to meet identified performance goals for writing instruction at levels of significant difference.
HA selected products will support teachers to meet identified performance goals for writing instruction at levels of significant difference.
H0 selected products will not match the needs of students and teachers within the constraints of typical school environments at levels of significant difference.
HA selected products will match the needs of students and teachers within the constraints of typical school environments at levels of significant difference.
The study will establish meaningful measures of significant difference that are appropriate to the proposed design. For example, the H0 for NHST Statement 1 of writing quality may be rejected if the established level of statistical significance (p < .05) is met in a carefully controlled sample of students whose writing is assessed by a common set of variables. Other appropriate and known standards by which the NHSTs can be rejected will be detailed as the study variables are finalized.
Expressing the study design according to NHSTs will additionally help to ensure that causation, where appropriate, is established through investigation of co-variation, spurious variable relationships, logical time order, and theory explanation.
The study will focus on both quantitative and qualitative measures of usage and performance. Beginning with quantitative measures, we will determine which standard data can be uniformly extracted from the participating products before finalizing the common variables. Where we intend to apply some common measure that one or more systems are not designed to generate, we will work with those providers to develop protocols that are fair or that would not corrupt any indication of specific use or performance. Second, as we finalize the qualitative measures, we intend to employ surveys, semi-structured interviews and forums for discussion, to ensure that any naturalistic components of the study design are aligned with the specific capabilities of the selected products and the intended goals of the study. Because we are selecting specific products to implement in the study, we will invite those product providers into the final design considerations before releasing publicly specific metrics and protocols for gathering the data.
During the investigation into common variables against which product performance(s) can be divided, a clear distinction emerges between those factors measuring a student's performance as a writer and a student's attitude towards writing. The study is intended to consider both. However, it is important to note that a unifying validation framework extends beyond any simple assessment. Writing is a complex and human undertaking. Therefore, it is essential that measures of product usage and performance extend beyond mere grading or scoring. The Working Group seeks to understand whether or not selected products can impact a deeper understanding of writing, and that goal is central to our investigation.
"We do not intend to develop a study to demonstrate long-term or longitudinal outcomes for academic achievement."
However, as the investigation into performance variables has revealed, there are many approaches to measuring use of the selected products to provide an accurate assessment of impact on writing ability without requiring overly burdensome methods.
Based on a review of the relevant literature and an assessment of exemplar software systems already demonstrated to the Working Group, a visual representation of the writing construct as it is represented in many applications is presented here. In the model, discourse elements, grammar, word use, mechanics, and style represent the independent (or predictor) variables that contribute to one dependent (or outcome) variable, such as an overall score. The outcome (criterion) variables for vendor products might include the following: an assessment of strength of organization and development, writing productivity, error rates, types of errors, scores from traits, and a holistic (or composite) score. Those variables may be applied both to pre-writing tasks, as well as final writing submissions. Following the selection of the participating products, we will investigate how these (or other) variables may apply (and the data that can be extracted from those selected systems).
Some products can provide measures of over 120 writing outcome variables. As those final variables are chosen, it will be important to determine that outcomes are common across the vendor products and associated with meaningful dimensions of the writing construct. Additionally, some thought might be given to including additional outcome measures, such as grades in the relevant English Language Arts (ELA) course or scores on high-stakes state summative assessments in writing. In other words, any assessment of the products reduced to "score" should also consider outcomes that extend beyond variables generated by the product.
Finally, "scoring capabilities" of the products are not deemed as more important or final considerations of performance. Giving students a safe harbor to draft, re-draft, consider, submit, discuss, and re-submit in a recursive manner is an essential aspect of best practices in writing instruction. Our metrics (and the order of our attention to them) will mirror those priorities. Therefore, whether or not measures of the independent variables can be reduced to an outcome, such as the scoring, will be complimented by other considerations.
Many important variables affecting writing instruction are understood as reflecting certain habits of mind among students, based on the Big Five Personality factors (see below). Here, the Working Group takes its model from the Framework for Success in Postsecondary Writing. A core document of the writing community, the Framework was developed collaboratively with representatives from the Council of Writing Program Administrators, the National Council of Teachers of English, and the National Writing Project. Defined as "ways of approaching learning that are both intellectual and practical" the habits of mind include the following: curiosity (the desire to know more about the world); openness (the willingness to consider new ways of being and thinking); engagement (a sense of investment and involvement in learning); creativity (the ability to use novel approaches for generating, investigating, and representing ideas); persistence (the ability to sustain interest in and attention to short and long-term projects); responsibility (the ability to take ownership of one's actions and understand the consequences of those actions for oneself and others); flexibility (the ability to adapt to situations, expectations, or demands); and, metacognition (the ability to reflect on one's own thinking as well as on the individual and cultural processes and systems used to structure knowledge).
Using such methods as surveys, and/or semi-structured interviews and/or system usage data, the Working Group seeks to measure important insights into whether products can support deep measures of engagement among student writers.
The combination of attitudinal and performance variables allows for a rich source of validation evidence. During the process of collecting evidence, we will also produce data that can be used for statistical modeling, to identify or predict trends and patterns that may reveal new findings. Combined with surveys of administrators, teachers, and students, both variables can allow the research team to gather important sources of information. Such analyses will yield a more robust representation of the study variables.
The study will include both a set of classrooms acting as the intervention group (e.g., those assigned selected products) and the control group (e.g., those not using selected products but using a common practice orientation to instruction and assessment). Because of the variability of product requirements, assignments may be contained by a particular geographic area or other consideration, depending upon the provider, to ensure that software support and any necessary in-service training can be offered. If support is not an issue, then the assignment of classes to each selected product can be accomplished by random assignment.
Under known constraints, every effort will be made to approximate matching groups based on student populations and distributions by geographic and demographic considerations, including attention to such variables as students as English Language Learners (ELL), English as a Second Language (ESL), Special Education Students (SES), student demographics, including but not limited to gender/race/ethnicity, and a meaningful, language arts related measure on a national, regional, or school-based assessment.
We will seek to finalize other appropriate considerations, such as grade level(s) where students are both best able to use the technology (e.g., computer literate) and where writing growth is most likely to occur. Students in grades 6th-10th are grade-level candidates. We will work with the selected product providers and state partners to determine the final grade-level considerations.
The need to fairly assess the selected products implies an inherent tension whenever the study requires some shift between certain variables related to usage and product performance. In order to give the selected products the best chance of showing an intervention to control contrast, if one exists, the intensity of product use is directly related to the validity of the product performance; as students use the product more intensely, opportunities to attribute shifts in the performance of student writing to product usage increase. However, by increasing the intensity of use we also run the risk of disrupting curricula and classroom processes intended to promote teacher and peer responses to writing. The study seeks to identify where product integration can lead to stronger outcomes within the framework of NHST Statements 1-4, but product integration cannot imply either supplanting the role of the teacher or forcing uniformity of instruction where such standardization may threaten student outcomes.
Teachers and students in the intervention group will be provided an overview of the select product and then participate in a specific duration of classroom integration (e.g., one grading period) that would include writing against some pre-determined set of uniform prompts or writing tasks, that are administered in the vendor product environment, some portion of which would require opportunities for multiple revisions. Ideally, intervention groups would utilize a minimum of three modules that address pre-writing tools integrated into the vendor's product. Students in both the intervention and control groups would write against three uniform prompts that would be administered at the beginning of the intervention, in the middle, and at the conclusion. We may be able to select prompts from the libraries of participating vendors (if the vendors are willing to share data with the other selectees), but more importantly we will select those interventions which present as little disruption to the classroom curricula and the teachers' role as the writing instructor as possible. While the discourse mode of the uniform prompts is to be determined, a common framework will be used to ensure that the variable of discourse mode — exposition, description, narrative, argumentative, or another defined mode — is consistent across assessment occasions.
For those in the intervention group, any remaining use of the selected products can either be generated by the teacher introducing his or her own prompts and the generic norms supplied by the vendor (the assumption here is that the vendor has these available) or the use of prompts that are available from the vendor's library. Because uneven use of other activates in the selected products may also contribute complexity to the study, use of pre-writing activities should also be determined.
There are several advantages to employing prompts over other possible writing assignments. First, their relatively short length means that teachers can incorporate them in a more flexible way than committing to a longer writing project such as a term paper or report. This advantage would reduce curricular impact, though they may be similar to what teachers are already using in preparing for statewide high-stakes assessments. Second, the selected products will likely include a number of calibrated prompts, representing the various discourse modes, from which teachers can choose. Third, if teachers elect not to incorporate the vendor-calibrated prompts, they can create their own and apply generic norms for providing feedback to students. Fourth, norms exist that can be applied to both the control and experimental groups. Finally, prompts represent a relatively uniform activity that would permit teachers to be able to monitor writing growth over time.
As the Working Group continues to investigate the variables related to usage and product performance, here are some of the intensity levels that are under consideration to validate product performance.
These are not recommended levels of intensity; instead, they are ranges that the Working Group will investigate following the selection of the products. Here, it is important to note that even where the Working Group may agree upon ranges of recommended intensity, ultimately the influence of the study will depend upon the preferences of the teachers in the classroom. Therefore, perhaps the most important element of the study will be determined by the degree to which usage is condoned, established or promoted within classroom conditions. The study intends to deliver teacher and student surveys to gauge these variables.
The study will adhere to existing rules and requirements within participating schools. In addition, the Working Group will install stop protocols in the event that any intervention is associated with an interruption of classroom instruction that might be detrimental to student achievement. Once the products have been selected, the Working Group will determine those signals which would trigger the stop protocols. They may include both qualitative and quantitative measures of usage or performance. In any case, final determinations for either introducing products into classrooms or prematurely stopping use of any product during the study will be made by each participating school.
The Working Group has synthesized a broad range of interests, to ensure that all shareholders of the study are aligned with what these considerations can (and will not) accomplish. Such preliminary agreement will allow two written reports following the study, identified as the study outcomes, to be presented to minimize disagreement about study results and recommendations.
The study will produce a written report on the findings and a series of recommendations based on the study outcomes available to all stakeholders. Those stakeholders will include the participating vendors and/or larger marketplace of product providers, whereby the research team may identify areas for improvement among current capabilities; it will also include school districts and school administrators, responsible for determining use of such systems, as well as teachers, students and families, to broaden the understanding of the selected products. By focusing on these audiences, the research team intends to generate further discussion among legislators, education policy experts and other research initiatives, to encourage follow-on studies and investigations into the use of such products. All study outcomes will be web-based and thus publically available.


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Ото́чення — ізоляція частини сил (декількох підрозділів, частин, з'єднань тощо) противника від сусідніх і розташованих в його тилу військ з метою знищення або полонення. Оточення досягається охопленням флангів і обходом певного угруповання противника зі швидким наступом за напрямками, що сходяться, і виходом у його тил.

Оточення найчастіше досягається, коли прорив оборони противника здійснюється на двох або декількох ділянках фронту з розвитком наступу за напрямками, що сходяться. В результаті цього створюється суцільний внутрішній фронт і зовнішній фронт, що активно діючи, ізолює оточене угруповання від решти військ противника. Оточення може здійснюватися в ході переслідування противника, що відступає, при проведенні контратак і контрударів військ, що обороняються, за напрямками, що сходяться, при діях військ на приморському напрямку, коли противник притиснутий до моря та ізольований від решти своїх військ.

При діях з метою оточення, зазвичай, створюється перевага над противником в силах і засобах. Інколи, за сприятливих умов, оточення можливе і при рівних силах. Оточене угруповання противника блокується з повітря, а на приморських напрямах і з моря.

У сучасному бою висока маневреність військ і ефективне застосування засобів зброї масового ураження, високоточної зброї дозволяють знищувати противника одночасно з його оточенням.

Історичні приклади оточення
 Битва при Каннах 216 р. до н. е.
 Битва під Фрауштадом 1706
 Битва при Седані
 Битва під Танненбергом 1914
 Битва за Київ (1941)
 Уманський котел
 Сталінградська битва
 Корсунь-Шевченківська операція
 Білоруська операція 1944

Див. також
 Список військових оточень
 Маневр
 Рейд
 Тактика

Посилання
Оточення  /Словник професійної термінології  для  майбутніх  фахівців Національної  гвардії  України
 Толковый Словарь военных терминов
 Окружение
 Генерал П. Г. Григоренко о причинах поражения советских войск в начале войны
 Краткий курс истории ВОВ. Наступление маршала Шапошникова
 Харьковская катастрофа 1942 года
 Сталинградская битва 17.07.1942 — 02.02.1943г.
 Приказ № 270 Ставки
 Ясско-Кишиневская операция
 Демянский плацдарм
 Действия танковых армий в операциях на окружение

Література
 Бойовий статут

Військова тактика
Військова термінологія

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Made Up Mind: nieuw studio album Tedeschi Trucks Band - The Blues Alone?
After three full years of relentless touring, Tedeschi Trucks Band emerged as a group with a vision. When they entered Swamp Raga Studios to record a new album, the task was clear: capture that vision on tape.
Many months of writing, recording and refining later, TTB emerged with a new studio album called Made Up Mind (in stores August 20). From the first note of the title track, the power and range of this veteran band are on full display. With help from the extended family of TTB collaborators — Jim Scott, Doyle Bramhall II, Eric Krasno, Oliver Wood, Gary Louris, Sonya Kitchell, John Leventhal, as well as bassists Pino Palladino, Bakithi Kumalo, Dave Monsey and George Reiff — the final product is an energetic, powerful album that is both timeless and characteristically difficult to classify. But we'll leave the definitions to the experts. Our recommendation is simply to let it play, and play it loud.
This could easily be a mantra for the band. Do what sounds right and let the music speak for itself. We're looking forward to sharing these songs with you in the near future. Stay tuned for details on our pre-sale offers and much more info about Made Up Mind, coming soon.
Neil Young & Crazy Horse – Alchemy Tour in de Ziggo Dome op 5 juni a.s.


Listen online to Red 93.5 FM in Dehradun (Uttarakhand) in quality 64 Kbps. Broadcasting was opened in Delhi (India) in 14 August 2009. At this station, for you, plays the best bollywood, talk, pop, rock, dance content in free live streaming.


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Bothrops pauloensis, popularmente conhecida como jararaca-pintada, é uma espécie de serpente da família Viperidae. É encontrada na Bolívia e no Brasil (Goiás, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais e São Paulo).

Ligações externas

Bothrops
Répteis do Brasil
Répteis da Bolívia
Répteis descritos em 1925


Enjoy Biokleen All Purpose Clean Concentrate. Cuts Through The Toughest Grease And Dirt Without Using Any Harsh Chemicals.Safe For Most Surfaces When Mixed With Cold Water And Leaves No Residue Or Fumes Behind. (Note: Description is informational only. Please refer to ingredients label on product prior to use and address any health questions to your Health Professional prior to use.


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We apply principles of sustainability: raising awareness and consumer host to respect the integrity, conservation and protection of the environment and local culture, fostering real economic opportunities for communities and residents.
We join the global movement: travelers against plastic that seeks to create awareness in the indiscriminate use of plastic bottles that go to nature destination but do not return.
Find with us a love team of this beautiful Colombia, committed to bring you the best destinations for bird watching, whale watching, diving, nature parks, ecological hotels and more.


Red logo vector template designed in abstract shape. Our red logo is suitable for all businesses related to internet and technology. The red logo comes in Ai, PDF and PSD source files.
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Norwich MYC hosted ten skippers for the ED Marblehead Championship, including visitors from Broads, Canbridge, Datchet and Southminster. Conditions were almost perfect with warm weather and a light North Westerly breeze which at times deserted the fleet, requiring the Race Officer to shorten a small number of races to a single lap, fortunately all weed has now disappeared requiring skippers to use all their light weather skills without any help or hindrance from weed!
A full schedue of 16 races (enabling 3 discards) were completed in a friendly manner with all skippers obeying contact calls and completing their penalty turns. The Race Officer was kept busy ensuring the really keen skippers at the start were caught and recalled!
The final result saw Phil Holiday with his beautifully turned out and excellently sailed marblehead gain a commanding lead by lunchtime that was never really challenged. A relative newcomer to marblehead sailing Ian Self from the home club sailed into a well deserved 2nd place helped by keeping out of trouble.


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Home | Metal Prices | Freeport Still Bullish on Copper, Despite 30-Day Low Closes for Chinese Copper Bar
Freeport Still Bullish on Copper, Despite 30-Day Low Closes for Chinese Copper Bar
by MetalMiner IndX Reports on March 19, 2014
Metal Prices, MetalMiner IndX, Non-ferrous Metals
Chinese copper bar moved up 2.2 percent on Tuesday, the day's biggest change. Just off of a 30-day low, the cash price of Chinese copper rose 2.2 percent yesterday. After hitting a 30-day low on Friday, March 14, the price of Chinese copper wire rose 2 percent yesterday. The price of Chinese bright copper scrap was unchanged.
A Freeport-McMoRan Copper and Gold Inc executive said on Wednesday China's copper consumption will grow for "more than a decade" as demand from the world's top user remains robust despite fears of a Chinese economic slowdown. The long-term outlook remained solid, said Freeport's Javier Targhetta, senior vice president for marketing and sales for Freeport.
FREE Download: The Monthly MMI® Report – covering the Copper market.
"We are seeing still robust consumption in China. Of course there can be hiccups here and there," Targhetta told Reuters on the sidelines of an industry conference. "I think Chinese consumption of copper will keep growing for more than a decade."
Freeport, which operates the world's fifth largest copper mine in Indonesia, halted copper concentrate exports in mid-January over a dispute with the Indonesian government on a new tax.
The Japanese copper cash price fell 1.9 percent. The price of US copper producer grade 122 weakened by 0.3 percent, settling at $3.70 per pound. The price of US copper producer grade 110 saw a 0.3 percent decline to $3.70 per pound. The price of US copper producer grade 102 declined 0.3 percent to $3.89 per pound.
Today marks the fifth day in a row of increases for the 3-month price of copper. After climbing 0.1 percent on the LME, prices settled at $6,466 per metric ton, driving an accelerated improvement since Wednesday, March 12. Also on the LME, the cash price of primary copper saw little movement yesterday at $6,490 per metric ton.
Chinese Palladium Declines, Balmoral Testing Canadian Nickel/Platinum/Palladium Find
JP Morgan Chase Sells Its Physical Commodities Business, Aluminum Falls


One of the main concerns was the ability to specify proper stage hydrographs at the downstream boundary of the Lower Illinois River for hydraulic design and analysis. We found that a unique stage-discharge rating relationship does not exist at the lower boundary of the Lower Illinois River at Grafton because of backwater effects from the Upper Mississippi River. Management options and results for managed storage and emergency activities need to be analyzed under more comprehensive design of flooding conditions. To improve the capability of UNET for modeling backwater effects for the Lower Illinois River, an extended model including Pool 26 of the Upper Mississippi River was developed. The downstream stations of the model are at the tail of Lock and Dam 25 and the Mel Price Lock and Dam pool, where stage readings are available. The model was calibrated with a 1979 flood and verified with a 1983 flood. Discharge and stage frequency analysis have also been performed for stations at Troy on Cuivre River, Lock and Dam 25 tail, Lock and Dam 26 pool, and Mel Price Lock and Dam on the Mississippi River.
1. Management strategies for flood protection in the Lower Illinois River, Phase I: Development of the Lower Illinois River-Pool 26 UNET model (20060930190143_ISWSCR2001-10.pdf).


For those who work in the oil, gas or other process industries, regulations that ensure safe operation are clear. When operators are working with hazardous materials or work in potentially hazardous conditions, there are extra precautions to take and processes to follow.
But when operators are in charge of their company's comprehensive asset integrity management program, they need to take into account the amount of service life equipment and components have left. They must manage such a program so that it ensures safe and efficient operation while also maximizing equipment service life. Their evaluation has to be as accurate as possible when determining how much service life is left so they are not replacing or repairing anything unnecessarily or schedule an action when is too late .
Previously, the method to determine remaining service life was condition-based inspection. Nondestructive testing methods could be used to identify flaws. Based on material or manufacturing specifications, operators would then determine whether the component or system could continue operating.
The difficulty operators often faced was whether to repair or replace. Trying to fix a small crack in a weld might actually do more harm than good. Replacing a component altogether might be unnecessary.
Process industries are now moving away from condition-based inspections toward risk-based inspections in an effort to maximize component service life.
Risk-based inspections are quantitative assessments based on probability of failure and consequences of failure, according to Inspectioneering, a journal dedicated to asset integrity management for oil, gas and other process industries.
NDT is still an integral part of this type of inspection method and the results provide the data to engineers that need to make their decisions. However, RBI uses mathematical models to assess risk of failure and the consequences. As part of a RBI protocol, operators will often rank pieces of equipment by the risk of failure they pose and then implement an inspection schedule to monitor any further degradation. The higher the risk a component or system poses for failure, the more frequently inspectors have to examine those components.
A RBI protocol might also include taking steps to lessen the risk of failure. As Inspectioneering noted, engineers might change operation procedures to prolong service life. Perhaps they change the material used to construct components or systems to one that lasts longer or withstands operating conditions better. Even installing corrosion resistant liners to piping systems can prolong life.
Engineers aren't left to devise their own RBI protocol. The American Petroleum Institute has developed two standards for operators to follow. The API RP 580 standard details the minimum requirements for implementing a RBI program. API RP 581 provides the technical basis for such a program.
As John Reynolds wrote for Inspectioneering, the standards provide a blueprint for operators so they don't have to figure out a RBI program for themselves.
TWI Global, an independent research organization, wrote that an API RP 581 standard is applicable for oil and gas assets. The DNV-RP F116 standard – from international certification body Det Norske Veritas – is meant for underwater pipelines. RBIs are also valuable for petroleum storage tanks and power generation equipment, such as steam and gas turbines.
Many of the industries that use RBI are heavily regulated. They must meet specific criteria for safety, for the plant staff and for the general public. RBI programs must be developed with regulatory mandates in mind. However, what RBI does is to allow engineers to make decisions with more information at their disposal. They no longer are compelled to repair or replace at the first sign of a flaw.
It is becoming more challenging for operators to manage asset integrity. They must meet operational objectives and get the most out their equipment all while maintaining safety and meeting environmental standards.
Risk-based inspection methods establish more effective plant maintenance and asset integrity management programs.


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Tucker's "Movie on Main" Event Rescheduled for August 2
Home More News Tucker's "Movie on Main" Event Rescheduled for August 2
TUCKER, Ga. (July 8, 2019) – When Mother Nature interfered with the City of Tucker's popular Movie on Main event last month, a make-up date was quickly promised. After collaboration between vendors, sponsors and City leaders, the event has been rescheduled for Friday August 2.
"We were so disappointed to have to move our movie night indoors," says City-Community Connector Sonja Szubski of the June 7 event. "But there's nothing quite like watching a movie under the stars on Main Street, so we knew we had to make it up to the community. We think August 2 is going to be a lot of fun and the perfect way to head into the back to school weekend."
Unlike with past movie events, the City is giving residents the opportunity to pick the film they'll watch on August 2. From July 15-21, people can go to the City of Tucker's Facebook page to vote between The Lego Movie 2 (rated PG) and Captain Marvel (rated PG-13). The winning movie will be announced on Monday July 22.
Regardless of the film title being shown, moviegoers will be treated to free popcorn and a free drink from Village Burger. They can also test their skill in an inflatable batting cage set up in the middle of Main Street.
Movie on Main was supposed to be the kickoff to the beloved TKR Summer of Fun series. Thousands of people enjoyed the fireworks throughout downtown Tucker last week at the Celebration of Independence and Fireworks Spectacular. On August 6, hundreds more are expected at Brockett Elementary School for a free community cookout at National Night Out.
The TKR Summer of Fun series is sponsored by Jacobs Engineering, Discover DeKalb and the Old Town Tucker Merchants Association (OTTMA). Event sponsors for Movie on Main are Village Burger and Infinite Realities: Comics, Games and More.


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Q: Fastest way to add data to database Hi guys i have 5 rather large excel files (800,000 lines each) that i am importing into a sql database. I have written a tool to do this but i am importing one line at a time from one spreadsheet after another which is taking about 15 hours to complete and since this needs to be done once a month ide like to know whats the fastest way of doing this.
Would it be faster running all five imports at once but to different temporary table and merging them, or is it just faster inserting and updating and does bulk insert increase the speed at all?
Many Thanks

A: A bulk insert technique will be fastest.  It is common to achieve a rate of millions of records per minute but much depends on the number of columns, row size, hardware. etc.
The command-line BCP utility and T-SQL BULK INSERT statement do not support Excel files natively but can handle delimited text files.  You might consider using an SQL Server Integration Services package, which can import Excel files directly and using a bulk insert method when the fast load option is specified.  There is a bit of learning curve if you haven't used SSIS before.  Another alternative is using SqlBulkCopy from a .NET application.
SQL Server bulk insert stream data so there is no hard limit on the number of records per batch.  For very large files, it is common to perform the bulk insert in multiple batches in order to reduce transaction log space requirements when the operation is fully-logged.

A: Try using the BCP command. It's generally faster than regular inserts.
bcp {dbtable | query} {in | out | queryout | format} datafile

[-n native type] [-c character type] [-S server name] [-U username]

[-P password] [-T trusted connection]

Also check if the table to which you are importing has indexes. Try dropping the indexes and inserting the data.

A: There is the bcp command in sql server. Which opens up a utility exactly for this purpose.
Import and Export Bulk Data by Using the bcp Utility (SQL Server)


Designated a natural monument by the Japanese government, tori-ike (lit. path lake) is known as a mystical lake harboring myths featuring mermaids and other sea creatures. Tori-ike consists of two lakes with 75-meter and 55-meter diameters and depths of 45 and 25 meters, respectively. The two lakes are interconnected under water and also linked to the ocean. This is a unique location where fresh and salt waters mingle, making it an ideal diving spot.


A recent report from RBS Jobs for Scotland has revealed a dramatic rise in successful job placements in the third quarter of the year. As well as a notable boost to temporary work, there has been a sharp increase in permanent placements across Scotland, outpacing the UK average.
This is great news for candidates – but what does the current climate mean for companies who are looking to recruit new staff?
For employers seeking new recruits, the downside of this trend is that there's currently a smaller pool of eligible candidates to choose from, as more candidates have successfully found work elsewhere.
Candidates who are still available also have a greater number of vacancies to consider. This means that if you're advertising a role within your company, your vacancy really needs to stand out in order to compete with the others on the market.
Furthermore, according to RBS Jobs for Scotland, the combination of rising vacancies and a diminishing pool of candidates has started to result in pay pressure: rates for both starting salaries and temporary pay are on the rise, as companies offer increasingly generous benefits to attract new talent.
In this climate, it's more important than ever to engage professional support with the recruitment process. Not only do experienced, established recruitment agencies like Time Recruitment have extensive networks of qualified and suitable candidates; we're also experts at maximising exposure for the roles we advertise, so we can quickly find new talent to match any role, with a much further reach than any employer could hope to achieve on their own.
We can also share our insight and knowledge with you when it comes to presenting the job opportunity to prospective candidates. We understand that while you don't want to agree to pay over the odds for a starting salary, neither do you want to miss out on the perfect employee because the package you're offering isn't competitive enough. At Time, we keep our finger on the pulse and a watchful eye on the market, so we know exactly what the going rate is for the job you're hoping to fill, and the sorts of benefits you can offer to attract the talented staff you're looking for.
With our longstanding experience, we've got recruitment down to a fine art, and we're incredibly efficient at managing every step of the process. Despite the challenging market, when it comes to recruiting new staff, we can help you stay ahead of the curve.
At Time, we're always on hand to help our clients, no matter how the market ebbs and flows. So if you want to benefit from our expertise in attracting and placing some of the best talent across Scotland, please get in touch with us at carolineburns@timerecruitment.co.uk.


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ACCEPTED

#### According to
The Catalogue of Life, 3rd January 2011

#### Published in
Pl. crypt. Arduenna (Liège), fasc. 12, nr. 59 (1830)

#### Original name
Ascochyta pisi Lib., 1830

### Remarks
null


Agriculture is the backbone of every civilization. In America, agriculture drive economic growth. About 19 million people are employed by the industry that generates $2 trillion in annual revenue. Agriculture also benefits more than 2.6 million businesses annually, thanks to the $130 billion it rakes in profit.
Getting into agriculture by buying a farm is not a bad idea. Buying land through mortgage listings or agreeing to a 1031 tax deferred exchange with a farmer directly selling their land is a good start. Before you do so, learn about the main modes of agriculture practiced in the U.S.
Families who own the land manage agricultural production at this stage. Preindustrial revolution, this was how people in rural areas ate and made a living. Prior to the development of various agricultural techniques, people moved land to land once the soil has been exhausted.
Small-scale farms still exist in America today. Family-owned, strictly subsistence farms are common, and so are familial farms that boast acres of land, more than 300 individual livestock, and significant annual revenue.
The industrialization of agriculture allowed the industry to reach $2 trillion in annual revenue. Subsistence agriculture became industrialized, thanks to specialization, mechanization, chemical and synthetic pesticides, consolidation, and market concentration.
From a nation that subsisted of large subsistence farms, America's diversified farms began to specialize by the 1900s. Livestock rearing was often separated from crop production, down to the type of animals each farm raised. People invented machines that can perform routine, repetitive tasks on a greater scale and a shorter time.
Now that you know about these two farming types, learn about the various uses for agricultural land.
The raising of all types of fruits and vegetables fall under crop cultivation. Croplands are concerned with growing healthy produce for wholesale or retail. Open fields and greenhouses are used to cultivate these crops. Grain and fibers, ornamental and nursery plants, and flowers are also cultivated on croplands.
Cows, chicken, llamas, sheep, and other livestock used for meat, dairy, and their fleece are raised on these lands. Ranchland hosts animal husbandry activities, allowing animals to range on the pasture and the farmers to harvest goods from animals.
Valleys in California, Italy, and Australia all boast acres of farmland dedicated to the breeding and growing rows upon rows of fine grapes and nut crops. Part of these lands are used for greenhouses and tree nurseries that tend to delicate crops and seedlings that will be planted in open fields.
This category covers every service related to supporting the farming community. Veterinary services are available here along with animal waste processing for fertilizers, feedlots, packaging, and supply of farm products, feeds, and hay. Chemicals and machinery used for croplands are also available here.
New agricultural investors would do well to research what type of farm they want to create. A farm, like any other investment, requires full-time attention to succeed beyond the first few months. A thorough knowledge base prevents a farm from falling through and protects both investors and the people who will come to work on the farm.


Which two statements describe the process identifier that is used in the command to configure OSPF on a router?
The process ID is local to the router, and two OSPF neighboring routers can have different OSPF process IDs. Cisco IOS Software can run multiple OSPF processes on the same router, and the process ID merely distinguishes one process from the another.


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materialist conception of historyhistorical materialistMarx's theory of historymaterialisthistorymaterialist interpretation of historical developmenthistoricaleconomic interpretation of historyMarxist theory of historyuniversal laws governing the development of history of human society
Historical materialism, also known as the materialist conception of history, is a methodology used by some communist and Marxist historiographers that focuses on human societies and their development through history, arguing that history is the result of material conditions rather than ideas.wikipedia
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Historical materialism, also known as the materialist conception of history, is a methodology used by some communist and Marxist historiographers that focuses on human societies and their development through history, arguing that history is the result of material conditions rather than ideas.
Marxist historiography, or historical materialist historiography, is a school of historiography influenced by Marxism.
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It is principally a theory of history which asserts that the material conditions of a society's mode of production or in Marxist terms, the union of a society's productive forces and relations of production, fundamentally determine society's organization and development.
This comprises what Marx termed the materialist conception of history (see also materialism) and is in contrast to an idealist analysis, (such as that criticised by Marx in Proudhon), which states that the fundamental driving force behind socioeconomic change are the ideas of enlightened individuals.
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This was first articulated by Karl Marx (1818–1883) as the "materialist conception of history". Karl Marx never used the words "historical materialism" to describe his theory of history; the term first appears in Friedrich Engels' 1880 work Socialism: Utopian and Scientific, to which Marx wrote an introduction for the French edition.
Employing a critical approach known as historical materialism, Marx predicted that, like previous socio-economic systems, capitalism produced internal tensions which would lead to its self-destruction and replacement by a new system known as socialism.
The Communist ManifestoFriedrich EngelsSocialist mode of productionHistorical materialismLabour power
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social relationssocial relations of productionProduction relations
Relations of production (German: Produktionsverhältnisse) is a concept frequently used by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in their theory of historical materialism and in Das Kapital.
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Productive forces, productive powers, or forces of production (German: Produktivkräfte) is a central idea in Marxism and historical materialism.
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materialistmaterialisticmaterialists
Historical materialism, also known as the materialist conception of history, is a methodology used by some communist and Marxist historiographers that focuses on human societies and their development through history, arguing that history is the result of material conditions rather than ideas. Historical materialism is materialist as it does not believe that history has been driven by individual's consciousness or ideals, but rather ascribes to the philosophical monism that matter is the fundamental substance of nature and henceforth the driving force in all of world history; this drove Marx and other historical materialists to abandon ideas such as rights (e.g. "right to life, liberty, and property" as liberalism professed). Historical materialism rests on a foundation of dialectical materialism, in which matter is considered primary and ideas, thought, and consciousness are secondary, i.e. consciousness and human ideas about the universe result from material conditions rather than vice versa.
During the nineteenth century, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels extended the concept of materialism to elaborate a materialist conception of history centered on the roughly empirical world of human activity (practice, including labor) and the institutions created, reproduced or destroyed by that activity (see materialist conception of history).
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Historical materialism, also known as the materialist conception of history, is a methodology used by some communist and Marxist historiographers that focuses on human societies and their development through history, arguing that history is the result of material conditions rather than ideas. Historical materialism is an example of Marx and Engel's scientific socialism, attempting to show that socialism and communism are scientific necessities rather than philosophical ideals.
At the root of Marxism is the materialist conception of history, known as historical materialism for short.
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Indeed, in the years after Marx and Engels' deaths, "historical materialism" was identified as a distinct philosophical doctrine and was subsequently elaborated upon and systematized by Orthodox Marxist and Marxist–Leninist thinkers such as Eduard Bernstein, Karl Kautsky, Georgi Plekhanov and Nikolai Bukharin.
A member of the Social Democratic Party (SPD), Bernstein had held close association to Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, but he saw flaws in Marxist thinking and began to criticize views held by Marxism when he investigated and challenged the Marxist materialist theory of history.
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In the early years of the 20th century, historical materialism was often treated by socialist writers as interchangeable with dialectical materialism, a formulation never used by Marx or Engels.
The formulation of the Soviet version of dialectical and historical materialism (such as in Stalin's book Dialectical and Historical Materialism) in the 1930s by Joseph Stalin and his associates, became the official Soviet interpretation of Marxism.
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It is principally a theory of history which asserts that the material conditions of a society's mode of production or in Marxist terms, the union of a society's productive forces and relations of production, fundamentally determine society's organization and development. Historical materialism is materialist as it does not believe that history has been driven by individual's consciousness or ideals, but rather ascribes to the philosophical monism that matter is the fundamental substance of nature and henceforth the driving force in all of world history; this drove Marx and other historical materialists to abandon ideas such as rights (e.g. "right to life, liberty, and property" as liberalism professed).
The Marxist theory of historical materialism theorises that society is fundamentally determined by the material conditions at any given time – in other words, the relationships which people have with each other in order to fulfill basic needs such as feeding, clothing and housing themselves and their families.
HistoriographyHellenic historiographyHerodotusBig HistoryHumanities
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This put Marx in direct conflict with groups like the liberals who believed that reality was governed by some set of ideals, when he stated in The German Ideology: "Communism is for us not a state of affairs which is to be established, an ideal to which reality [will] have to adjust itself. We call communism the real movement which abolishes the present state of things. The conditions of this movement result from the premises now in existence".
The work is a restatement of the theory of history Marx was beginning to call the "materialist conception of history".
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economic sociologistSociety for the Advancement of Socio-Economicsstudy of markets
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Karl Marx never used the words "historical materialism" to describe his theory of history; the term first appears in Friedrich Engels' 1880 work Socialism: Utopian and Scientific, to which Marx wrote an introduction for the French edition.
It focuses on the materialist conception of history, which is based on an analysis over history, and concludes that communism naturally follows capitalism.
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He fiercely condemns various interpretations of Marx's works—historicism, idealism, and economism—on grounds that they fail to realize that with the "science of history", historical materialism, Marx has constructed a revolutionary view of social change.
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He stressed historical materialism in particular, assigning it a character of scientific discovery and a doctrine, indeed forming Marxism as such.
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2021 hyperleap


text:
Erik Birgersson, född på 1390-talet, död 1449, var en svensk katolsk präst och biskop av Strängnäs stift 1443-1449.

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 http://sok.riksarkivet.se/sbl/Presentation.aspx?id=15394

Biskopar i Strängnäs stift
Svenska präster under 1400-talet
Födda 1390-talet
Avlidna 1449
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