text:
1000 Days
(Introduction) | (1910) | (1911) | (1912) | (1913) | (1914) | (1915) | (1916) | (Epilogue) | (The Ship) | (Battle Cruiser) | (Design) | (Protection) | (Ordnance) | (Machinery) | (Miscellaneous) | (Sources) | (Artwork) | (Photos - Build) | (Photos - Pre-War) | (Photos - On board) | (Photos - WW1) | (Photos - Beatty's Battlecruisers) | (Photos - Miscellaneous)
1 ONE THOUSAND DAYS
1.1 The life and times of the battle-cruiser HMS Queen Mary 1913-16
1.2 HISTORY
1.2.1.1 Prologue
ONE THOUSAND DAYS
The life and times of the battle-cruiser HMS Queen Mary 1913-16
By M.W. Williams
This presentation on the service and life of HMS Queen Mary and her crew is an ongoing project. Paramount here is the desire to complete every day of her existence in as much authoritative detail as possible, so if anyone has free access to her log books, or has private information from a diary from one who served on board her, then please contact me. Any assistance in enabling the full story of this great capital ship and those who served on board her will be deeply appreciated. Email: mikewill @ hotmail.co.uk (remove spaces).
Two photographic images instigated initial interest into this particular subject, the first taken in early September 1913, captured the fine lines of a newly commissioned immaculate battle-cruiser, His Majesty's Ship (HMS) Queen Mary. Caught in this broadside portrait view was the classic and aesthetically pleasing features of this capital ship's graceful fine lines and appearance, clearly revealed here was the epitome of Britannia's naval might.
The second photograph taken around one thousand days later, on the afternoon of the 31 May 1916, just off the Jutland coast, was of a towering, billowing mushroom of smoke and steam extending over a thousand feet into an obscured and overcast sky. The funeral pyre and last resting place of the same Queen Mary, along with no less than 1,266 members of her crew, leaving just 20 survivors.
These striking visual images of this ship upon her completion, and then at her loss, could be said to have fired this early desire into discovering more about the period between her birth and death, a story encompassing as it did the career of a famous vessel, during a very important naval period and turbulent time.
In this early reading of published works, apparently the most significant act in her entire career was her death, with various writers over the years covering her demise, and seemingly very little else, for example:
Anxious eyes looked to the spot where the mighty Queen Mary, admirably handled by Captain Prowse, had been steaming a minute before. Her gun layers, and she carried some of the finest in the fleet, had been smashing home 13.5 inch shells into her 'opposite number' so regularly that the German was almost ready to give up and retire from the line when our great 27,000 tons battle-cruiser was sunk. She flashed up a sheet of awful flame, tossed up what was to be her funeral pall of black billowy smoke that rose 500 feet above the churned-up sea, and under this awful canopy slid, a tattered and torn wreck, to the bottom. Of the crew of 1,000 men she carried, all but a score went with her. It was a terrible blow for us, for in a flash it had deprived hundreds of gallant, highly skilled men of their lives, and it had taken from Admiral Beatty one of his finest fighting ships. (The History of The Great War, Vol.VIII)
Even as I looked, Queen Mary, the third ship in the line, was struck by a plunging salvo. A glaring red flash, the sound of a gigantic explosion, smoke towering three times the height of her mast, and the 27,000 tons ship, which a moment before had been proudly steaming at 25 knots with all guns blazing defiance, had disappeared from view. (Ready for Sea, H.K. Oram)
Queen Mary, probably the best shooting ship in the Battle Cruiser Fleet (BCF), fired full eight-gun salvoes with great precision and rapidity as she found the range. ... The Derfflinger, Seydlitz, Queen Mary duel developed in intensity. ... One of Queen Mary's magazines had evidently exploded either from flash passing down an ammunition hoist, or entering through an open magazine door. (Warships and Sea Battles of WWI, Phoebus)
At 4.26pm we suffered a second catastrophe. Both the Derfflinger and Seydlitz had been concentrating upon Queen Mary which was delivering her salvoes with 'fabulous rapidity' when at 4.20pm 'Q' turret was hit and the right hand gun put out of action. The left-hand gun continued firing when four minutes later a salvo fell on her upper deck forward: There was a dazzling flash of flame and at the same time a terrific explosion amidships as 'Q' turret magazine went up. Masts and funnels fell inwards, the bows plunged under, and with her screws slowly revolving Queen Mary went down as the Tiger and New Zealand raced past her smothered in debris. A great pillar of black and yellow smoke shot with flame spread out like a palm tree hundreds of feet high to mark her passing. (British Battleships, Dr. Oscar Parkes)
At 4.25pm the Derfflinger shifted fire from Lion to Queen Mary and quickly straddled her. A 12 inch shell hit 'Q' turret amidships and put the right hand gun out of action, and about five minutes later another two shells hit, one near 'A' and 'B' turrets and the other on 'Q' turret. Once again there was a huge explosion as the forepart of Queen Mary vanished in a sheet of flame and smoke. Horrified onlookers saw the remains of the ship listing to port and sinking with her propellers still revolving, and then another explosion obliterated her. Nine men survived out of 1,285. (Battleships, Anthony Preston)
At about 4.26pm a second disaster befell the British battle-cruisers. A salvo fired from one of the enemy's battle-cruiser's hit Queen Mary abreast of 'Q' turret and a terrific explosion resulted, evidently caused by a magazine blowing up. The Tiger, which was following close astern of Queen Mary, passed through the dense cloud of smoke caused by the explosion, and a great deal of material fell on her decks, but otherwise Queen Mary had completely vanished. (The Grand Fleet, Jellicoe)
Such graphic observations about this ship's end are usually all that is included in a general publication of The Great War, or even a dedicated book concerning the Battle of Jutland.
However I wanted to try and discover more about her service and career before this, and perhaps uncover the true causes behind her loss through such research. This subsequently expanded through time into a desire to eventually go on to write this in-depth appraisal of this particular ship's all to brief career within the ranks of the Royal Navy.
Such a commitment soon arose through my reading into this subject, when I quickly discovered that here was indeed a capital ship in every sense of the word, possessing as she did a considerable degree of character and distinction through her meritorious service, noted deeds, capabilities, and actions. This was all apparent through a number of very favourable remarks and comments concerning this subject's service, and tantalising critiques, briefly included in 'contemporary' long out of print publications dealing with this era, containing observations, which any naval-minded person would be drawn into investigating deeper. From these contemporary sources my research started in earnest.
With Queen Mary we are already familiar, owing to her presence at the Battle of the Bight, and, to her three fellow members of the First Battle-cruiser Squadron (1BCS), her loss was irreparable. Between these splendid cruisers, Lion, the Tiger, Princess Royal, and Queen Mary, there had grown to be a bond of deep and justifiable pride, a sort of consciousness of each other's aristocratic, nonchalantly concealed, but not lightly to be challenged, while apart from this, Queen Mary was one of the finest gunnery ships in the fleet. (Hurd and Bashford, Sons of Admiralty)
However, as if to exemplify how seemingly obscure this battle-cruiser appears today, in a number of requests for information, it became quite apparent that during any inaugural query, if one mentioned just the name Queen Mary in an appeal for original material, or in a conversation, or internet search. Invariably the automatic association in the mind of all is towards the famous Cunard White Star liner from 1936, or her grand successor of today, Cunard's Queen Mary 2 from 2004, and certainly not this ostensibly little known about battle-cruiser from the Great War.
It is now hoped that this work will now go some way towards redressing this, since I have discovered that the achievements of this particular vessel and her crew possessed certain telling aspects, which have never been fully investigated or satisfactorily related before.
At the end of this biography there is an appraisal of this design in considerable depth, through delving into every facet of her structure, and her overall properties, to discover exactly how she performed as a vessel of war. But this concluding cold hard rendering of factual physical data is more than balanced by the fascinating initial look into her very soul and career, forming the true nucleus of this work right from the start, through principally drawing upon as much surviving personal material as possible. In this special emphasis will be placed upon the private recollections and noted experiences of her crew, through diaries, journals, letters and narratives, to provide an all important human element. Vital and telling individual sources which I have freely drawn upon to form the true heart of this undertaking.
Complementing all of this original documented material is a comprehensive photographic collection. I thought it was desirable from the very start to mark this ship's existence in a highly illustrative and visual manner. To finally present the story of the battle-cruiser Queen Mary in both a very informative manner and at the same time well exhibited visual fashion, all to a high standard of presentation this subject richly deserves.
It is said that one picture is worth a thousand words and in this respect on more than one occasion, upon inspecting a scene capturing the activities of her crew at an evolution, or in a staid formally posed portrait. Then hauntingly you are looking into the very eyes of the individuals mentioned in personal recollections, and the text mentioning them in person takes on a completely different perspective.
Another evocative aspect of this work should also be noted, and that is by concentrating upon the career of this one battle-cruiser from the era of The Great War, one could successfully convey the fascinating story of an entire generation of her kind during this epic period in its telling. Capturing the essence of the Heligoland Bight action, the Navy's reaction to the German raids upon the East Coast, The Dogger Bank clash, and the wearisome routine of the numerous North Sea sweeps, enforcing the telling Allied blockade, and the events leading up to the mighty clash at Jutland, all from the unique perspective of this one ship.
One other important reason behind choosing this vessel for such an in-depth appraisal is that she represented a type of capital ship, which has over the years received universal adverse and sceptical comments. But by now fully exploring the salient points possessed by her design in the closing sections, revealing her inherent strengths and weaknesses, along with an appraisal of her intended employment. One can now see how valid and justified these negative remarks about the flaws and faults in this type actually were.
Undeniably this particular battle-cruiser and two others of her kind, where sunk at the epic Battle of Jutland by a series of massive internal explosions, obviously expose a fatal weakness somewhere in their fabric. Because of this some might assume that my approach to this aspect of her coverage would support the usual negative appraisal of this type. But my final conclusions in this respect might come as a surprise to some, since they will directly challenge the generally accepted impression of the limited success of this class in service. Instead it will be counter with the conviction that she was in fact a well balance and successful design of that era, with the fundamental reason behind her loss laying out-with her structural integrity.
The narrative to follow has adopted a chronological approach to charting Queen Mary's history. Extending back to the first traces of her initial order from Palmers, her ensuing construction, launch, trials, commissioning, and pre-war cruises. Concluding with her extensive service within the elite 1st Battle Cruiser Squadron (1BCS) of the Grand Fleet (GF) at the start of the war, seeing her first action off Heligoland, participation in numerous North Sea sweeps, right up to her end at the epic Battle off Jutland in May 1916.
It should be emphasised here that in its telling this story will not only involve just the life and times of Queen Mary herself, but her squadron companions and the era in which she served. With her obvious involvement alongside her consorts, weaving Beatty's command well into the thread of her overall story, and external events governing her history. This approach must be evident since this particular vessel did not exist in remote isolation, or was unaffected by events out with her confines, the squadron, or Navy, therefore these telling influences will be noted throughout her story.
Indeed it became quite manifest to me while reading into this subject, through a number of personal documents, these various outside events, although completely detached from the immediate presence of Queen Mary, were well documented and recorded by those on-board in some cases the effects of these events were to be strongly felt by individuals at a very personal level, especially when they embraced the loss of someone, or a ship they knew. While on the grand scale, episodes in the ebb and flow of the Great War were often commented upon in personal recollections, with some of these noted incidents helping to shape the eventual course of their own ship's history in their occurrence.
My extensive drawing upon private sources in this coverage will become quite noticeable in my practice of employing as many direct quotes as possible from contemporary works, diaries, journals and notes relating to Queen Mary, the majority of some prominence, others a little obscure. In these unique intimate sources, various individuals have put pen to paper at the time, and written down their singular impressions and feelings, concerning what are today distantly removed, long forgotten events, and mentions of long passed colleagues.
In this practice no excuse or apology will be made for the inclusions of very often divergent or differing perspectives of an event, times and figures, included within various individuals accounts covering a single episode. Throughout this reading into these private documents one continually comes across such conflicting narratives, but invariably each evocative entry added another very positive and interesting insight to this overall story. That of how different individuals from various strata's of the ship's organisation perceived shared experiences.
Some might feel that this approach would lead to un-necessary duplication and repetition of basically common details, but not so, since this aspect was one which has added a great deal of human heart, and indeed soul to this undertaking. The intimate impressions and noted comments from a number of sources merging successfully together into one overall narrative. This marriage of different accounts is especially prominent in the coverage embracing Queen Mary's first six months at war, when the diaries and journals of no less than four individuals converged, to present a very illuminating picture of this subject at this momentous opening period of the Great War.
As already mentioned, it is fully recognise that it is to these individuals, who have left their documented record of Queen Mary and her kind, that has made this vital human side of this work possible. Seeing as it is their words and views, which has enabled this clear break away, from what would otherwise have been a seemingly bland listing of her physical properties, official passages from her logs, or entries from her general service record.
Therefore in the story to unfold, accept the various separate accounts with all of their minor differences and digressions, especially prominent when a number coalesce together. Remembering all the time that what is being related here, are the honest on the spot observations of direct eyewitness, consigning their own distinctive impressions down, noting what they themselves had seen, and their impressions of events. In all likelihood these notes were not written down at the time with any thought of future public distribution or even historical posterity, but for their own satisfaction, and possible interest of their close friends or loved ones in the years to come. Obviously none of the individuals referred to in relation to these quotes, or opinions, dating from nearly one humdred years ago now, are still alive. Therefore in retrospect it goes to them to be fully acknowledged now for their invaluable assistance rendered in this research, and throughout this undertaking these quotes, will be fully credited to these principal individuals, or sources involved.
It has to be emphasized that it is directly from the words penned by these men, and a number of other un-named contributors, that the real worth of this work has been derived, and I believe which has greatly enhanced the presentation of this narrative. A dedication and a tribute, to the life and times of just this one battle-cruiser from the era of The Great War.
In the final analysis it is to be sincerely hoped that the following work will now be accepted as a fitting tribute to the memory of this one ship and her crew. This then is a story encompassed all in the span of just five years from laying down to loss, with 1,003 of these days in commission within the ranks of the Royal Navy's elite battle-cruisers, the life and times of His Majesty's Ship, Queen Mary.
The dawn of Friday the 4 September 1914 - Sweeping the North Sea
A glorious golden morning on-board Queen Mary, with a fresh dark blue sea and a following wind, course southeast with the mountainous coast of Norway in sight. The most glorious sunrise I ever remember, the whole coastline bathed in a golden glow, mountains, sky and all. To the north the sky becomes viridian green, and to the east floats a mackerel sky of pink fleecy clouds, which become shining gold as the sun rises, a deep bank of ruddy purple overlays the whole, setting it off above like the Frame to a picture, while below the sea is deep indigo. Mountain tops glow in the sun decked with streaks of white mist, I'd like to paint it if I could, but I can only 'Not forget'. The sun comes up red of course, and it reminds me that it is the sailors warning, well perhaps, but what sailors, such a host of sailors as the world has never seen. (Major Gerald Rooney RMLI. Lost with Queen Mary 31 May 1916)
Retrieved from "https://battleofjutlandcrewlists.miraheze.org/w/index.php?title=1000_Days&oldid=22376"


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Q: SQL where statement with filter options based on a mix I have the following stored procedure code:
DECLARE @iscanceled bit
DECLARE @ishired bit
DECLARE @inprocess bit

SELECT
    e.name,
    e.iscanceled,
    e.ishired
    *
FROM
    employee e

So the above filters will have to filter the data so if @iscanceled and @ishired are true, then I have to get all employees canceled and hired.
If @iscanceled and @ishired and @inprocess are true then I have to return all employees canceled and hired and the rest.
If @iscanceled is false and @ishired and @inprocess are true then I have to return all hired and rest but no canceled... and so on.
What is the simplest way to do it?

A: When you pass a value to your parameter, you need to assign 1 if you want to set it to true; if false set to 0. Then if that parameter is not included in your where condition, then assign a value of null. Then in your where clause you do this.
WHERE ( iscanceled = @iscanceled OR @iscanceled is null)
AND  (ishired = @ishired OR @ishired is null)

In this way, the statement is still true either you pass a value or you set it to null.

A: Following query should work for your case.
DECLARE @iscanceled bit
DECLARE @ishired bit
DECLARE @inprocess bit

 SELECT
    e.name,
    e.iscanceled,
    e.ishired,
    * FROM employee e
WHERE (@iscanceled=1 AND @ishired=1 AND @inprocess=1) --RETURNS ALL
     OR (e.iscanceled=@iscanceled AND e.ishired =@ishire)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
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Q: Why doesn't my element update during the else part but during the if part? I'm making a program where it has a collection of calculators, and for some reason when I try to change the innerhtml of a certain text it only changes it during the if statement and not during the else part.
function Palindrome() {
//Fix not changing to processing when doing new palindrome.
var Division = 0;
var input = document.getElementById("PalindromeInput").value;
var GiveAnswer = document.getElementById("PalindromeAnswer");
var Answer = String(input);

while (0 < 1) {
    if (Answer == Answer.split("").reverse().join("")) {
        GiveAnswer.innerHTML = `That is a palindrome of the ${Division}th Division.`;
        break
    } else {
        GiveAnswer.innerHTML = `Processing...`;
        Division = Division + 1;
        Answer = String(parseInt(String(Answer)) + parseInt(Answer.split("").reverse().join("")));
        };
};

};
https://replit.com/@ButterDoesFly/Arcane-Calculators#index.html

A: I'm not sure but I guess the reason for this is that the function never goes to the else part because it gets break every time. Remember that .reverse() reverses the array in place so the if statement will always be true. Try to add different variable for the reversed answer.

A:

function Palindrome() {
    //Fix not changing to processing when doing new palindrome.
    var Division = 0;
    var input = document.getElementById("PalindromeInput").value;
    var GiveAnswer = document.getElementById("PalindromeAnswer");
    var Answer = String(input);

  GiveAnswer.innerHTML = `Processing...`;
  setTimeout(()=>{
    while (0 < 1) {
        if (Answer == Answer.split("").reverse().join("")) {
            GiveAnswer.innerHTML = `That is a palindrome of the ${Division}th Division.`;
            break
        } else {
      Division = Division + 1;
            Answer = String(parseInt(String(Answer)) + parseInt(Answer.split("").reverse().join("")));
            };
    };
  },1000)
};
<!DOCTYPE html>

  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width">
  <title>replit</title>
  <link href="style.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />

This will tell you the number its at and then the answer.

  <input type="text" id="PalindromeInput" placeholder="What number would you like to enter?">

  <input type="button" onclick="Palindrome()" value="Submit" id="PalindromeButton">

result is rendering very fast such that changes are not reflecting in ui..add a timeout so that changes reflect in front end


text:
<?php

namespace Zephir\Operators\Comparison;

class LessOperator extends ComparisonBaseOperator
{
    protected $_operator = '<';

    protected $_bitOperator = '<';

    protected $_zvalOperator = 'ZEPHIR_LT';

    protected $_zvalLongOperator = 'ZEPHIR_LT_LONG';

    protected $_zvalLongNegOperator = 'ZEPHIR_GT_LONG';

    protected $_zvalDoubleOperator = 'ZEPHIR_LT_DOUBLE';

    protected $_zvalDoubleNegOperator = 'ZEPHIR_GT_DOUBLE';
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
The 2015 Ford Transit Joins the Cast of "American Pickers"
Published: 2014, May 23
Mike Wolfe of History's "American Pickers"Dearborn, Mich.—2015 Ford Transit joins the cast of "American Pickers" for the show's new season on History.
The durability and cargo hauling capability of Transit fit the needs of "American Pickers" as the cast crosses the country in search of forgotten relics and antiques. 487 cubic feet of cargo volume offers ample space to transport big finds.
To celebrate the debut of Transit on "American Pickers," Ford is hosting a scavenger hunt that challenges contestants to find one of 10 scale-model Transit vehicles on display in antique shops across the United States. The 10 winners get the use of a 2015 Transit for two weeks.
The reality show's stars, Mike Wolfe and Frank Fritz, will drive a 2015 Transit, a full-size van designed for commercial use, in their mission to find these relics.
"The biggest thing is, when the van is full, then we've got to come home. I'm interested in real estate on wheels," says Wolfe. "There were four or five different vehicles I was looking at, and I just keep coming back to the Ford as the better choice."
American Pickers" will use the largest Transit model – with a long wheelbase, extended body and high roof – featuring the available Ford 3.2-liter Power Stroke five-cylinder diesel engine. The show is just one example of how Ford Transit serves the needs of small businesses and commercial fleets. This version of the Transit was seen by Chauffer Driven staff members at the most recent Limousine Association of New Jersey (LANJ) meeting in May.
"We are thrilled to expand the great multi-year relationship we have with Ford," says Peter Olsen, executive vice president of national ad sales for History. "We look forward to the Transit being part of Pickers for many years to come."


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22. What are purchasing information records ?
Purchasing information records, also known as info records, contain information related to the material and the vendor who is supplying the material. They also contain details about the material, such as the current price.
23. What are the prerequisites for creating a purchasing info record ?
Material number —Before creating a purchasing info record, the material number of the material master record should be known.
Manufacturer part number (MPN) material number —Before ordering a material that has an MPN, you must know its MPN material number.
Vendor number —You should also know the number on the vendor master record.
Organizational level —If the purchasing info record is for a particular purchasing organization or plant, then the code specific to that purchasing organization or plant is required.
24. How can we create a purchasing information record ?
25. What are the categories of purchasing information records ?
Standard—Contains information for the standard purchase order. In this type of purchasing info record, you can create info records for materials and services that do not have master records.
Subcontracting —Contains ordering information for subcontract orders.
Pipeline— Contains information on commodities that are sent through a pipeline, such as oil or water.
Consignment— Contains information on materials that are in the vendor's possession and are kept by the vendor at some other premises at his own cost.
26. What is dunning procedure? How can it be configured ?
Sometimes, you may need to send a payment reminder or a dunning notice to a person or an organization to remind them of their outstanding debts. The process by which the system controls dunning is called dunning procedure. Dunning procedure can be configured by using the FBMP transaction code or the following navigation path: IMG > Financial Accounting > Accounts Receivable and Accounts Payable > Business Transactions > Dunning > Dunning Procedure > Defining Dunning Procedures.
27. What are the different fields in vendor master data ?
28. How do we create a vendor number range ?
When you create a number range, it is important to remember that vendor numbers, such as material numbers, can be assigned externally or internally. You can create vendor number ranges by selecting the following navigation path: IMG > Financial Accounting > Vendor Accounts > Master Data > Preparations for Creating Vendor Master Data > Create Number Ranges for Vendor Accounts.
For configuring the vendor number range, you should enter a unique number for the range, which is a two character field, and then specify the limit for the number range. The current number field is used to define the current number. The Ext. field Specifies whether the number range is defined externally by the user.
29. What is the document management system (DMS) in SAP ?
The DMS in SAP helps you store external documents, such as pictures of the goods or material. By using the DMS, you can set the maximum size of the picture that can be uploaded in a document. The DMS helps to link these external documents with the appropriate SAP objects.
30. What are the differences between company-owned special stocks and externally-owned special stocks ?
Stocks that belong to the company but are stored with the wholesaler or the customer are called company-owned special stocks.
Stocks that belong to the wholesaler or the customer but are stored at the company are called externally-owned special stocks.
Company-owned special stocks are managed at the production level.
31. What are important steps in procurement life cycle ?
32. Can we do the physical inventory check of consignment stocks ?
33. What tasks are covered under Inventory Management ?
34. What is Physical Inventory ?
Physical inventory is a process in which all the transactions related to the movement of goods are stopped and the company physically counts inventory. It is required in financial accounting rules or for placing an accurate value on the inventory for tax purposes.
35. What are the initial configuration steps for physical inventory ?
36. How is the inventory management integrated with MM ?
Inventory management is directly linked with the MM module because any movement of goods to and from inventory happens under the MM module. MRP, purchasing, and invoice verification are some of the MM components that are also linked with inventory management. After material is ordered it is posted as a goods receipt with reference to the purchase order. The actual data of the quantities are checked in the vendor's invoice.
37. What is Goods movement? What type of documents is created after goods movement ?
Goods movement refers to the movement of stock. This movement of stock could be either inbound from the vendor, outbound to a customer, between different plants, or even between different stocks within a plant. After goods movement, the SAP system creates two types of documents: material documents and accounting documents.
38. What is Goods Receipt & Goods Issue ?
39. What is the result of goods movement ?
· First, a materials document is generated, which is proof of the goods movements.
· Accounting documents are generated if the movement of goods requires a change in the financial accounts.
· The stocks of the materials quantities are updated.
· The stock values in the material master are updated.
· Financial and material documents are updated.
40. How do you post the goods if the PO number is not knownt ?
41. With which modules in SAP is the inventory management integrated ?
Inventory management is an important part of the SAP MM module. The business activities of an organization revolve around the inventory of materials, which serves as the input for the manufacturing process or the inventory of prepared goods for delivery or sale. The material is purchased from the appropriate vendors on the basis of requests from the materials requirement planning (MRP) module. The delivered items are recorded as the goods receipt in inventory management. The materials are then stored, either for delivery to the customer or for manufacturing processes. Inventory management is integrated with other modules, such as financial accounting (FI), sales and distribution (SD), production planning (PP), project system (PS), and quality management (QM).
42. What are the initial configuration steps for inventory management ?
43. What are the special stocks in SAP ?
44. How is the vendor returned processed without a purchase order reference ?
GR > Goods Receipt for Purchase Order. If the intention is to deduct the stock, then movement type 161 is used; otherwise, 162 is used to undo the changes. Lastly, you must ensure that the document is a return purchase order. The document is then saved.
· Alternatively, you can use the M21N transaction code for this purpose.
45. What happens when a goods receipt is posted?
· The material document is created.
· The accounting document is created.
· Three printed versions of goods receipt notes are modified.
· The stock level changes.
46. How can we view the stocks provided to vendor ?
The stocks of material provided to a vendor can be viewed by using the SC Stock Monitoring for Vendor report. The report can be accessed by selecting Purchase Order > Reporting > SC Stocks per Vendor from the menu. With this report, the current status of the stocks, planned issues, and planned receipts can be viewed.
47. What do you mean by subcontracting ?
Subcontracting can be defined as the processing of materials by an external supplier.
48. How is subcontracting used in case of MM ?
· You order the end product by using the subcontract order. The components that the vendor needs to manufacture the end product are mentioned in the PO.
· During the inventory management process, the components are posted to the stock of material provided to the vendor. Later, the components are supplied to the vendor.
· The vendor then processes the service and delivers the materials ordered. The consumption of the components is posted.
· If, after posting the goods receipt, the vendor notifies you that the quantity of the components actually consumed is different than planned in the PO, you must make an adjustment.
· The vendor then charges for the service, for which the invoice is posted in Invoice verification.
49. What information does the subcontracting info records contain ?
A subcontracting info record consists of ordering information related to subcontract orders. For example, if you entered into a contract with an outside source for the assembly of a component, the subcontracting info record would contain the price specified by the vendor for the assembly work.
50. How are components consumed in case of subcontracting ?
In subcontracting, the end product is ordered by using a subcontract order. The materials or components required by the vendor to manufacture the end product are mentioned in the PO. The components are posted to the stock of the material provided to the vendor during inventory management. When the components are supplied to the vendor, the vendor manufactures the end product and delivers it. At this point, the goods receipt is posted with a reference to the subcontract order. The goods receipt also contains the posting of the consumption of the components from the stock of material provided to the vendor. If the components consumed by the vendor are more or less than that specified in the PO, an adjustment needs to be posted to correct the consumption of components. Top 50 SAP MM Interview Questions And Answers For Experienced.


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Jump to: Brand | Flavor | Volume | Country Made For / Country Made In | Description / Differences with Main Can | Year of Issue | Material | Code | Barcode | Top | Theme | Series
Other Help Topics (These will be updated in the near future): The Can Museum Philosopy | How to Add a New Can | How to Clean Rusty Cans | Taking Photos of Cans | Cancyclopedia (Definitions of can-related words)
Brand back to the top
The Brand is typically displayed as the largest name on the can. Sometimes, however, the brand is the Parent Company as in the case of Microbrews like Brewdog Brewing Company and Special Parent Companies like Boston America Corp..
Examples of typical Brands
These Brands are Haffenreffer, Clyde, and The Switch
Examples of Microbrews
This Microbrew brand is Brewdog Brewing Company. While Hellcat and Ghost Walker can be considered brand names, we find it better to group these together by the Microbrew name and add the names Hellcat or Ghost Walker to the Description.
Examples of Special Parent Companies
This Special Parent Company brand is Boston America Corp.. While Hello Kitty and Ghostbusters can be considered brand names, we find it better to group these together by the Parent Company name and add the names Hello Kitty or Ghostbusters to the Description.
If you do not see the Brand you need in the Brand drop down, go to the Add a New Can menu item and select Suggest a New Brand. Fill out the Suggestion form and the Can Museum Admins will review your suggestion. Please allow up to 48 hours for your suggestion to be added. If there is an issue with your suggestion you will be notified by email.
Flavor back to the top
We are certain that everyone is clear what a Flavor is. What you need to understand is what format flavors are in to select from in the flavors drop down.
Flavors begin with a main flavor.
For example: Beer, Cider, Cola, Tea
After the main flavor, there is a more specific flavor.
For example: blueberry, grape, kiwi, strawberry
Diet drinks have "diet" at the end.
For example: Cola (diet), Ginger ale (diet), Orange soda (diet), Soda water -lemon (diet)
Groupings of main flavors have a dash (-) after them or the word "with" before a more specific flavor.
For example: Cider -grape, Lemon-lime with cranberry
Multiple flavors of equal value are separated by a forward slash (/).
For example: Orange/grapefruit soda
Beer flavors typically start with or contain the following:
Beer, Malt, Shandy
Energy flavors typically start with or contain the word:
Alcoholic drinks begin with Alc.
For example: Alc. berry cocktail
If you do not see the Flavor you need in the Flavor drop down, go to the Add a New Can menu item and select Suggest a New Flavor. Fill out the Suggestion form and the Can Museum Admins will review your suggestion. Please allow up to 48 hours for your suggestion to be added. If there is an issue with your suggestion you will be notified by email.
Volume back to the top
You may have noticed that at the Can Museum, we only keep track of Volume in mililiters (mL).
We did this for 2 reasons:
mL is the most common format for measuring volume in the world.
It is easier to stay consistent across all cans with one format for volume.
But don't worry if your can doesn't show mL because we have a link to a Google Volume Conversion Tool on the Can Add and Can Update pages that will help convert the Volume on your can to mL.
This can only shows fl oz, not mL
Here's how to use it:
When you are Adding or Updating a can...
On the forms, next to the "Volume" drop down, click on Help me convert volume to mL.
A new browser tab will open to Google and you will see Volume preselected. Below the text box, select the unit of measure as printed on your can.
For example: US fluid ounce for fl oz
Just above the unit of measure, enter the volume amount from your can.
For example: 12
You will see the conversion of your volume to mililiters update on the right side above Mililiter.
In this example, we got: 354.882
Now, round the number.
In this example we would round to 355
Rounding rule example:
If your mL value starts with: 354.0, 354.1, 354.2, 354.3 or 354.4 round down to 354mL
If your mL value starts with: 354.5, 354.6, 354.7, 354.8, or 354.9 round up to 355mL
Finally select the volume from the Volume drop down.
If you do not see the Volume you need in the Volume drop down, go to the Add a New Can menu item and select Suggest a New Volume. Fill out the Suggestion form and the Can Museum Admins will review your suggestion. Please allow up to 48 hours for your suggestion to be added. If there is an issue with your suggestion you will be notified by email.
Country Made For / Country Made In back to the top
Country Made For and Country Made In are typically the same. However there are some companies that make beverages that are imported or sold across multiple neighboring countries. In these cases there will be text on the can that states this.
In this example for Goya Coconut Water, it reads, Product of Thailand and the copyright and distributor reads Secaucus, NJ (United States).
This means the Country Made For is United States and Country Made In is Thailand
In this example for Burn Intense Energy, the text reads the Country Made For is Benelux (Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg) and Country Made In is France
Description / Differences with Main Can back to the top
The Description shouldn't be too wordy, but should contain words that describe important unique text or features of the can.
In this example, both are different Gold Bond Lager cans. The first can would have a Description of MASTER BREWERS 100 YEARS - G B ONLY and the second can would have a Description of MASTER BREWERS 100 YEARS - LARGE G AND B
If the can is a Variation (same design, but minor differences), the Differences with Main Can should describe those differences.
In this example, both cans are 150mL Diet Coke Great Britain cans. From the front the design is identical, however on the back there are clear differences making this a variation. The Main Can has a Description of DIET WITH GLASS and the Variation has Differences with Main Can as NO BARCODE/RECYCLING/GARBAGE/TEXT ON BACK IN DIFFERENT POSITIONS.
Year of Issue back to the top
Year of Issue can be the easiest or most difficult piece of data to select for a can.
These are some ways to know the correct date:
There is a copyright date on the can ☹ however, this does not always hold true
☹ "Since about 1999, European can makers have started to print a stamp with various encoded information on mini cans as well. Among other things, the year of production is given. Unfortunately, this does not work with Arabic cans. This code has been found on German cans in particular since the early 1980s."
From: cc-um (Can Museum Member)
Photo: cc-um (Can Museum Member)
There is a contest date on the can
There is a manufacturing date printed on the bottom of the can
The date is part of the code. (usually near the barcode)
You have a collector's book like "The Beer Can Collector's Bible" by Jack Martells which has photos, descriptions and years of cans.
You purchased the can brand new and know what year is was released.
Some other Year of Issue tips:
I.R.T.P. or Internal Revenue Tax Paid = March 1960 or earlier
All Aluminum = 1963 - 1967 start to today (early exceptions: 1959 7oz. Coors, 1954 Primo 11 oz.)
Steel = January 24, 1935 (Krueger) - mid 1960s. Plus in some countries through today.
Barcode = Late 1970s to today. Coca-Cola and Pepsi started using Barcodes on some cans in 1978.
If you absolutely have no idea what year the can is from you can select a decade from the Year of Issue drop down. The decades are represented with 195? for 1950s or 197? for 1970s
Material back to the top
Material is definitely easy to identify for a can.
Aluminum - Most metal cans from mid 1960s to today.
Cardboard - Paper-based, non-metal. Seen in wines and coffees. Not common
Plastic - Sometimes transparent with an aluminum lid. Not common.
Steel - Most metal cans from the first can in January 24, 1935 (Krueger) - mid 1960s. Plus in some countries through today.
The dead giveaway is that Steel is a MAGNETIC metal while Aluminum is not.
Code back to the top
A Code can be found on some cans from around 1988 to today. It represents a unique can design and sometimes includes the year in the Code. The Code is usually very close to the Barcode.
Not all cans have a Code. If there is no Code, leave this field blank.
Barcode back to the top
A Barcode can be found on cans from the late 1970's to today. The first item, a 10-pack of Wrigley's Juicy Fuit gum, with a Barcode was scanned in Troy's Marsh Supermarket in Troy, Ohio, USA on June 26, 1974 at 8:01 AM by Sharon Buchanan. It became popular in grocery stores in the 1980s. Coca-Cola and Pepsi started using Barcodes on some cans in 1978.
Barcode Examples:
When entering these numbers be sure to include all numbers together as one long number even though a number may be separated on either side of the Barcode. In the photo above, the Coca-Cola can on the left has a Barcode of 0490690 and the Pepsi can on the right has a Barcode of 0120130
Not all cans have a Barcode. If there is no Barcode, please type None in this field. This will help group cans without a Barcode together.
Top back to the top
Tops are easy to identify for a can if you are familiar with some examples.
Top Types:
360 End (2013 - Today) - The entire lid can be removed. Trademarked by Crown Holdings, Inc. First use in 2013 with Sly Fox's Helles and Sly Fox's 360 IPA.
Photo: Crown Holdings, Inc.
Photo: Craft Brewing Business
Bank top - Has a slot for coins on the top with no easy way to get the coins out. These cans did not contain any liquid but were given away or sold as souvenirs.
Photo: Morean Auctions
Button top (1970's) - Created to replace the pull tab but didn't catch on. There were two hinged devices that opened into the can. One was small and the other larger one was to drink out of. It failed because it was too difficult for many to press the button and left sharp edges of which many cut their fingers due to the amount of force required to press the buttons.
Photo: Core77
Cone top (1935 - Early 1960's) - This can had a spout on top and was sealed with a bottle cap. Most were produced in the 1930's and 1940's. Types of Cone Tops include: J-Spouts, Low Profile, High Profile, and Crowntainers. Cone tops helped convert bottle drinkers to can drinkers, however, longer production times than flat tops and the inability to stack cans eventually led to it's demise.
Crown Cap top (2000's - Today) - These are cans that are made of aluminum or steel and almost are identical to a bottle including a bottle cap, also called a crown cap (like Cone Top cans).
Flat top (1935 - Early 1960's) - Cans made from a single sheet of metal and sealed in one of many different methods. The top and bottoms are inset without a tab. This can requires a Church Key to open.
Gallon top (1970's - Today) - This top applies to any gallon can which typically has some sort of tap on top to be installed, a button, or nothing at all.
Juice top (1965 - Today) - The Juice top is usually a thin piece of foil than can be completely pulled off and thrown away. This design appears on top of most juice cans and has been on some smaller soda cans.
Pull top (1965 - Late 1970's) - This top has a metal ring to grab and is completely pulled off and thrown away. It left a traingular opening with a narrow end opposite a wider end resembling a tear or a fan blade. Due to litter of these pull tops, they were replaced with stay-on tabs.
Resealable top (1982, 2000 - Today) - There are many designs of Resealable tops. Coca-cola test marketed a "Clicker" top in 1982 and then released a different design in 2009. We have also seen different plastic sliding designs from 2000's to today in Mountain Dew Game Fuel, Monster Energy, Burn, No Fear, and other energy drinks and some beers, waters and isotonics.
Screw top (2000's - Today) - The screw top is very much like the tops of plastic bottles we see today. It can be screwed on and off. There is also a wider screw cap used by brands like Jumex, Monster, Rockstar and others.
Space top (1985) - The Space Top cans consist of two completely different designs by Coca-Cola and Pepsi during the "Cola Wars" of the 1980's. Both were designed to to allow astronauts to be able to drink Coke and Pepsi in zero-gravity space aboard the Space Shuttle Challenger (July 30 - August 6, 1985).
Swing top (1980's, 1990's) - Swing tops have been used for years with glass bottles to keep a strong seal to preserve freshness and carbonation. We have only seen this top design at the Can Museum by a parent company called Engel-Brauerei Schwäbisch Gmünd from Germany in aluminum steel cans resembling bottles in the the 1980's and the 1990's
Tab top (1975 - Today) - This top is the current standard in beverage cans. It was originally called the "Sta-tab" and was invented by Danial F. Cudzik in 1975. The tab is lifted up breaking the seal of an oval opening in order to drink or pour the contents of the can. The tab can be pushed back down and stays in place.
Zip top (1962 - 1965) - The first Zip top can was Iron City Beer, followed by Schlitz. There was a tab to grab, lift and pull completely off. If the opening wasn't scored enough the hole couldn't be opened and a Church Key still needed to be used. There were also issues with the opening leaving sharp edges that cut the lips, tongue and noses of consumers.
Photo: RustyCans.com
Theme back to the top
A Theme is used in the Can Museum to group cans together that have a similar subject.
Theme Examples:
Movie / TV-Series
Not all cans have a Theme. If there is no Theme, leave this field blank.
If you do not see the Theme you need in the Theme drop down, go to the Add a New Can menu item and select Suggest a New Theme. Fill out the Suggestion form and the Can Museum Admins will review your suggestion. Please allow up to 48 hours for your suggestion to be added. If there is an issue with your suggestion you will be notified by email.
Series back to the top
A Series is used in the Can Museum to group cans together that belong to a set.
Series Examples:
Disney - Mickey's Toowntown
Rolling Stone - Celebrating 60 Years of Rock
Not all cans belong to a Series. If there is no Series, leave this field blank.
If you do not see the Series you need in the Series drop down, go to the Add a New Can menu item and select Suggest a New Series. Fill out the Suggestion form and the Can Museum Admins will review your suggestion. Please allow up to 48 hours for your suggestion to be added. If there is an issue with your suggestion you will be notified by email.


Multiple that indicates the number of times a firm's income in an accounting period can pay off (cover) the interest incurred during the same period on firm's debts. Since it measures the ability to pay interest-due from the earnings of the firm, this ratio is used in computing the firm's borrowing capacity and in assessing the risk of additional debt. Formula: Earnings before interest and tax ÷ Interest expense.


So you think the waste you flush down your toilet and put down your drain just disappears....Actually, that is the first step in collecting used water and sending it to one of our two wastewater treatment facilities. In a typical month, the average family generates nearly 9,000 gallons of wastewater. You can imagine the amount of wastewater that continually flows through our system.
As wastewater leaves your bathroom, kitchen, laundry room, or business, it enters an elaborate, underground network of wastewater pipe. With the force of gravity, the wastewater flows to pump stations where it is pumped through large pipes called force mains to our treatment facilities. These pump stations prevent wastewater from backing up into your drains and creating a messy clean-up task.


Ed Sheeran's "Bloodstream" video (featuring Rudimental) is set to drop on March 23, but our favorite redheaded Brit (sorry, Prince Harry and Ron Weasley!) just gave us a little bit of a mysterious teaser.
The 20-second clip features a man on the roof of a mansion juxtaposed with scenes of him riding a horse and angrily hitting a coffee cup against the wall just as the chorus kicks up a notch. The video was created as part of the YouTube Music Awards, which will also feature brand-new vids from Charli XCX, Max Schneider and many more.
Remember, Sheerios, that this is a different version of "Bloodstream" than the one that appears on Ed's latest, X. For this version of "Bloodstream," the "Thinking Out Loud" crooner teamed up with Rudimental to give the song a whole new feel that adds a bit of a punch. While we're a little partial to the haunting sounds of the album version, we have to admit that we're also totally digging the Rudimental vibes on the new one as well, especially the pop-punk drumming. Of course, Ed famously admitted to Digital Spy that this song was inspired by the time he took MDMA in Ibiza and fell in love with a beanbag, so we're eager to see the vid no matter what.
Let's be honest: At the end of the day, it's Ed Sheeran and it's clear that, musically, the man can do no wrong So, of course, we're expecting him to knock it out of the park once again with the video for "Bloodstream." Is it March 23 yet?
Next: Ed Sheeran vs. Chris Brown - Whose 'Autumn Leaves' Song Do You Like Better?


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Interviews Promotive
Promotive Says Lots on Music, Formation, and Plans Ahead
Modernized pop punk band PROMOTIVE have a few single's out, with demo's of different types of sound also in the works currently, with an EP expected to be release sometime this year! Find out what else the band had to say about their style, form, and much more.
1. Please tell us about the history of your band and its members.
All of our bandmates (Jacob Ortiz, Andrew Padilla and Mel Torres) have separately made huge strides in their respective musical careers, including sharing the stage with several nationally-acclaimed artists, playing and touring across the United States (including slots on the Vans Warped Tour), touring internationally, and gaining endorsements from various companies, such as Empire Ears and Rode Microphones. While this band originated as the solo project of our vocalist, Jacob, it has since grown into a much more collaborative effort from all three members of the group.
2. What's the origin of the band's name?
We thought for a long time about the name and we absolutely struggled until Lee Jennings from The Funeral Portrait told us to keep it simple. From there we work shopped ideas until we landed on Promotive for its simplicity and slightly positive tone to it. In short, we loved how it sounded when we repeated it.
3. Where is the band based out of and what is your music scene like there? Are there any local bands you could recommend?
The band is largely based out of Orange County, California. We live in different cities, but it's never been an issue driving to each other.
4. How would you describe your style?
We've been praised as having that classic mid-to-late 2000's Warped Tour Pop-Punk sound with a modern production that really helps us stand out. Everyone in the band is a songwriter with an ear for production and that really helps when trying to write a song while coming up with new ideas. Its catchy writing that's still relevant to those able to hear the message.
5. What have you released so far and what can someone expect from your works?
To date, we have our debut single, "Tired" alongside a cover of Post Malone's, "Circles". Both have music videos and we take extreme pride in both. We love all genres of music and really love incorporating the best parts of rock, pop and we can promise that every song we have has pure emotion and reliability.
6. Do you have any new music in the works?
We have quite a few demos that are all different types of tracks and sounds. A lot of fully fleshed out tracks and some simple keyboard progressions. We have gotten together recently to discuss our game plan for the rest of the year and we definitely will be releasing more content really soon!
7. How about playing shows and touring, have anything planned out?
The goal is definitely touring but our approach is a bit different than the average band in our area. We're looking at ensuring we can deliver the best possible set for the audience for who the show's for.
8. What plans do you have for the future as a band?
We will be releasing more content and music throughout the year. We also are gearing up to finish our EP after we have released a few more tracks. Tour is definitely coming, and we've already had plenty of opportunities to play. We just really want to focus on creating the best possible experience for the audience.
9. Where can we listen to your band and where can we buy your stuff?
We are on every major streaming site available! iTunes, Spotify, YouTube, Deezer, etc. We also have our website promotivemusic.com which actually has all our links and music videos!
10. What is it you'd like a listener to remember the most when hearing your music for the first time?
The main reason I write music is to convey emotion and vent my thoughts on paper, so to speak. So for someone listening to this music, the main thing I would hope for is that they would be able to resonate with the message of the song(s), or be able to connect with them by finding their own meaning in it.
Labels: Interviews Promotive
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This article first appeared in the December 1, 1987 issue of the Standard Bearer (vol.65, No.5) and was penned by Prof. H. Hanko, professor of church history and New Testament at the PRC Seminary.
Luther assigned to his solifidian (by faith alone) doctrine of justification the central position in the Christian system, declared it to be the article of the standing or falling (Lutheran) church, and was unwilling to yield an inch from it, though heaven and earth should collapse.
That this truth occupied such an important position in Luther's thought was due to his own personal struggle to come to the assurance of salvation and peace with God. Everyone who has even a passing acquaintance with the great Reformation of the sixteenth century knows of Luther's great struggle, a struggle which dominated a significant part of his life, a struggle which ended only when he discovered the great truth of justification by faith alone, a struggle through which God, in His all-wise providence, led Luther so that this great Biblical truth was a truth which Luther taught from the depths of his own personal experience.
Meanwhile I had already during that year (1514, the year of his great "tower experience," H.H.) returned to interpret the Psalter (the Book of Psalms on which he was lecturing in the university, H.H.) anew. I had confidence in the fact that I was more skilful, after I had lectured in the university on St. Paul's epistles to the Romans, to the Galatians, and the one to the Hebrews. I had indeed been captivated with an extraordinary ardor for understanding Paul in the Epistle to the Romans. But up till then it was not the cold blood about the heart, but a single word in Chapter 1 (17), "In it the righteousness of God is revealed," that had stood in my way. For I hated that word righteousness of God, which, according Co the use and custom of all the teachers, I had been taught to understand philosophically regarding the formal or active righteousness, as they called it, with which God is righteous and punishes the unrighteous sinner.
Though I lived as a monk without reproach, I felt that I was a sinner before God with an extremely disturbed conscience. I could not believe that He was placated by my satisfaction. I did not love, yes, I hated the righteous God who punishes sinners, and secretly, if not blasphemously, certainly murmuring greatly, I was angry with God, and said, "As it indeed, it .is not enough, that miserable sinners, eternally lost through original sin, are crushed by every kind of calamity by the law of the decalogue, without having God add pain to pain by the gospel and also by the gospel threatening us with His righteousness and wrath!" Thus I raged with a fierce and troubled conscience. Nevertheless, I beat importunately on Paul at that place, most ardently desiring to know what St. Paul wanted.
At last, by the mercy of God, meditating day and night, I gave heed to the context of the words, namely, "In it the righteousness of God is revealed, as it is written, He who through faith is righteous shall live." There I began to understand that the righteousness of God is that by which the righteous lives by a gift of God, namely by faith. And this is the passive righteousness with which merciful God justifies us by faith, as it is written, "'He who through faith is righteous shall live." Here I felt that I was altogether born again and had entered paradise itself through open gates. There a totally other face of the entire Scripture showed itself to me. Thereupon I ran through the Scriptures from memory. I also found in other terms an analogy, as, the work of God, that is, what God does in us, the power of God, with which He makes us strong, the wisdom of God, with which He makes us wise, the strength of God, the salvation of God, the glory of God.
And I extolled my sweetest word with a love as great as the hatred with which I had hated the word "righteousness of God." Thus that place in Paul was for me truly the gate to paradise. Later I read Augustine's The Spirit and the Letter, where contrary to hope I found that he, too, interpreted God's righteousness in a similar way, as the righteousness with which God clothes us when He justifies us. Although this was heretofore said imperfectly and he did not explain all things concerning imputation clearly, it nevertheless was pleasing that God's righteousness with which we are justified was taught. Armed more fully with these thoughts, I began a second time to interpret the Psalter.
Sometimes we become so accustomed to the rich truths of our heritage that we take them for granted and do not appreciate what they really mean. E.g., our Heidelberg Catechism begins with the well-known words: "What is your only comfort in life and death? That I with body and soul, both in life and death, am not my own, but belong unto my faithful Savior Jesus Christ . . . ." We can, I think, hardly appreciate how words of this sort thundered throughout the whole of Europe. Rome never could preach a gospel of comfort. I recall not so long ago reading The Prayers and Meditations of St. Anslem, a pious man of the eleventh century who served as Archbishop of Canterbury, one of the highest positions in the church. In all his prayers and meditations, one can find no word of comfort, no assurance of salvation, no joy in Christ. It is a book filled with heart-rending cries for mercy, with anxious pleas for pardon, with bitter denunciations of sin, with longings which are never satisfied. Never, not once, is there to be found so much as a breath of comfort. Imagine then what it meant that the Reformers came to people with the astonishing words: "We bring to you a gospel of comfort, a Word from God which will take away the ache of your soul, which will bring peace of heart, which will satisfy your deepest longings, which will change your cries of shame to songs of joyful praise."
Roman Catholic theology had no word of comfort for the saints. It had none because of its doctrine of justification. It taught a justification by works or a salvation which came to man by grace and human merit. As Schaff says, "In the Catholic system justification is a gradual process conditioned by faith and good works." Roman Catholicism confused justification with sanctification and spoke of justification as a process of becoming more and more righteous through one's faith and one's good works. This could not possibly bring peace of heart to the anxious child of God, for he knew, deep down within himself, that his own works could never accomplish anything. No wonder that Luther kept asking himself, when a monk, whether he was sufficiently hard on himself, whether God would notice his hunger and his cold, whether any good could come from beating himself. Always a hollow and empty void filled him.
All this was made the worse by his firm conviction, in keeping with Roman Catholic thought, that the Biblical term, "the righteousness of God," meant God's fierce anger against sin because God was righteous and punished sin in His justice.
But God led him to see, while struggling with the meaning of such passages of Scripture as Romans 1:17, that the term, "righteousness of God," referred not to that attribute of God Himself according to which He hates and punishes sin, but referred rather to a righteousness which comes from God and is freely and graciously given to the sinner for Christ's sake. It is a righteousness judicially imputed. It is a single act of God whereby God declares the sinner to be without guilt, and clothes the sinner in the righteousness of Christ.
Not what Luther did, the Reformer suddenly saw, but what God did—that was the heart of the whole matter.
This amazing discovery led also to an understanding of what faith is. Roman Catholic theology had interpreted faith as mere agreement on the part of the member of the church that whatever the church said is truth. The church member had nothing else to do but accept and assent to the teachings of the church.
Luther soon saw that faith is much more. Faith is that which puts the believer in abiding union with Christ. It is exactly the opposite of works—of which Luther had had his fill. It is that God-given power whereby the believer lives in Christ, and Christ in the believer. It is a power which enables the believer to cling to Christ, lay hold on Christ's perfect sacrifice as his own, find shelter and safety in all the stormy seas of sin beneath the cross of Calvary. And because precisely this faith is the opposite of works, it too is. God's work. God makes us one with Christ; and making us one with Christ, God declares us to be righteous for Christ's sake.
No wonder that this became, for Luther, the all controlling principle of his life, his theology, and all his reformatory work. It was that one truth which, as a crashing cannonball, smashed to pieces the imposing citadel of Rome's entire theological system. It was the one powerful attack upon all Rome's heresy which swept it away as with a whirlwind, which swept salvation once and for all out of the hands of mere man, and which restored salvation to God and His gracious work through Christ.
And it formed the firm foundation for the great truth of comfort for God's people. If comfort is to be found in what we do, in what our hands accomplish, in our works, "we would always be in doubt, tossed to and fro without any certainty, and our poor consciences continually vexed" (Belgic Confession, Article XXIV). If comfort is to be found in what God does through Christ and in that perfect righteousness of God revealed in the cross and worked in us through faith, then truly we have a firm comfort which carries us safely through life and death into the arms of Christ in glory.


text:
Nepal in Style
Private Travel | General interest 14 Days & 12 Nights Lead-in price: £2145 Current prices from: £2145
Discover the highlights of Nepal while staying in superior or luxury accommodation on this comprehensive 14-day tour. Starting in Kathmandu, explore its three medieval cities before a memorable stay in the heart of the Newari community in Bandipur. Pokhara offers unrivalled views of the Annapurna and Dhaulagiri Himalaya ranges, while Chitwan is a haven for wildlife including the ubiquitous one-horned rhino.
The Cox & Kings signature experiences
Enjoy the sunset from Swayambhunath stupa
Scenic day walk to Ramkot
Explore Magar & Gurung villages
Visit the Garden of Dreams in Kathmandu
Bagmati aarti ceremony at Pashupatinath
4x4 & boat safaris in Chitwan National Park with an experienced naturalist
Stay in 4- & 5-star accommodation
Bharatpur (Nepal)
Max temp (C)(F)
Min temp (C)(F)
745 846 1355 1864 2170 2373 2475 2373 2272 1966 1254 846
Rainfall (mm)(in)
211 231 351 833 1887 43417 71328 53321 38615 1054 100 181
2 1 1 2 4 9 13 12 8 2 0 1
N N M VH VH VH VH VH VH H L N
5/M 7/H 9/VH 11/E 11+/E 11+/E 11+/E 11+/E 10/VH 8/VH 6/H 5/M
Sea temp (C)(F)
N/AN/A N/AN/A N/AN/A N/AN/A N/AN/A N/AN/A N/AN/A N/AN/A N/AN/A N/AN/A N/AN/A N/AN/A
948 1050 1457 2068 2373 2475 2577 2475 2373 2068 1457 948
11 1 12 13 14 14 14 13 12 12 11 10
211 131 161 301 873 32913 46718 46718 28711 853 70 30
2 11 1 2 4 9 12 13 9 2 1 1
M H VH E E E E E VH VH H M
236 439 745 1254 2373 1966 2068 2068 1864 1355 745 337
110 211 341 673 1385 31813 51720 45118 27711 743 80 161
2 2 2 3 4 11 16 14 10 3 1 1
M H VH E E E E E E VH H M
5/M 7/H 10/VH 11+/E 11+/E 11+/E 11+/E 11+/E 11/E 8/VH 6/H 5/M
161 241 392 753 1586 34113 54722 47419 32313 783 100 181
N N N L M M M M L L N N
5/M 7/H 9/VH 11+/E 11+/E 11+/E 11+/E 11+/E 11/E 8/VH 6/H 5/M
Kurintar
5/M 7/H 9/VH 11/E 11+/E 11+/E 11+/E 11+/E 11/E 8/VH 6/H 5/M
2373 2679 3290 3799 38100 3799 3391 3391 3391 3290 2984 2475
948 1152 1661 2170 2475 2679 2577 2577 2475 2170 1457 1050
211 120 161 211 452 26410 47219 38315 2409 843 40 70
N N M VH VH VH VH VH VH H M N
5/M 7/H 9/VH 11/E 11/E 11+/E 11+/E 11+/E 10/VH 8/VH 5/M 4/M
-916 -818 -523 -228 134 541 643 541 439 –32 -523 -818
131 171 251 291 412 1406 24210 2299 1375 552 50 60
3 3 4 5 12 16 23 24 17 5 3 2
H VH E E E E E E E VH H M
6/H 8/VH 11/E 11+/E 11+/E 11+/E 11+/E 11+/E 11+/E 10/VH 7/H 5/M
N N N M M M M M M L N N
View more climate information & imperial units
Tour variations
Superior Private Tour
Superior Private Tour in brief
Day 1: Fly to Kathmandu
(N)
Day 2: Kathmandu
Arrive and transfer to Traditional Comfort / Hyatt Regency* for a 3-night stay. Rest of the day at leisure. Enjoy an evening meal at the local Bricks Café or try the taster menu at Krishnarpan (payable locally). (N)
Explore Old Kathmandu visiting Durbar Square, Kumari Temple, Hanuman Dhoka, Kal Bharirav shrine, Itum Bahal courtyard and the bustling markets of Ason and Indra Chowk. Enjoy lunch in the Kaiser Cafe in the quiet of the Garden of Dreams. Late-afternoon visit to Swayambhunath stupa to enjoy the sunset view. (B)
Morning visit to the ancient city of Bhaktapur taking in 55 Window Palace, Old Malla Royal Palace, the five-storey temple and Potters' Square. Late-afternoon visit to Boudhanath stupa to witness local Tibetans performing the colorful and vibrant kora. Continue to Pashupatinath temple to witness the Bagmati aarti. (B)
Day 5: Bandipur
Drive to Bandipur for a 2-night stay at The Old Inn. Afternoon walk through this Newari village to the Tindhara water taps. Enjoy sunset views from the Thani Mai Temple. (B, L, D)
Experience sunrise over the Himalayan range from the terrace of your hotel. After breakfast, enjoy a half-day day walk to Ramkot village, with a packed lunch. (B, L, D)
Day 7: Pokhara
Drive to Pokhara for a 3-night stay at Barahi / Temple Tree Resort & Spa*. Wander at leisure by the lakeside, enjoying tea and snacks in the local tea shops. (B)
Morning visit to the World Peace Pagoda, offering sublime views of the Annapurna range. Descend on foot through forests to Lake Phewa for a boat ride across the lake. After lunch, enjoy an afternoon visit to the Tashi Palkhiel Tibetan monastery, settlement and monastic school. This can be combined with a visit to the Gurkha Museum. (B)
Day at leisure or enjoy one of the easy hikes which are available in the surrounding foothills – Bagnaskot, Thulokot or Dhampus. (B)
Day 10: Chitwan National Park
Drive to Meghauli for a 2-night stay at Kasara Resort / Barahi Jungle Lodge*. Here you can enjoy an evening boat safari along the Rapti river in search of gharials, elephants and rhinos. (B, L, D)
Morning 4×4 safari in Chitwan. Afternoon 4×4 safari or visit to the local Tharu community. Evening cultural performance. (B, L, D)
Day 12: Kathmandu
Return to Kathmandu and stay overnight at Traditional Comfort / Hyatt Regency*. (B)
Days 13-14: Kathmandu • Fly home
Morning tour of Patan with its magnificent Golden Temple and Durbar Square. Late check out available. Evening flight home, arriving the following day. (B) (N)
Meal basis:
As per itinerary – B: Breakfast, L: Lunch, D: Dinner, N: No meals.
Important information Tour standards
Superior tour departures are based in 4- and 5-star accommodation. Luxury tour departures will feature upgraded accommodation as indicated by the asterisks. Prices are based on the standard room category.
*Luxury option available
The Luxury option starts from £2,595pp.
Single supplement
Available on request.
For a price quote based on alternative accommodation standards, to discuss flight options or to tailor this itinerary, please call to speak with a Cox & Kings consultant or enquire online.
Superior private tour accommodation
Traditional Comfort
The Traditional Comfort is a modern hotel, located a 30-minute walk from Durbar square. The red brick building is traditional of Newar design, as are the wood carvings, bronze fixtures and decorative tile-work that feature at the property. As one of the tallest buildings in Kathmandu, the rooftop also offers excellent unobstructed views of the city and is an ideal place to sit with a drink and watch the sunset. Guestrooms are elegantly designed with wood furnishings.Features: 37 rooms, restaurant & bar, library, BBQ terrace, Wi-Fi.
Room amenities: Air conditioning, television, tea & coffee making facilities.
Temple Tree Resort & Spa
Located in Lakeside, the tourist hub of Pokhara, Temple Tree resort is ideally situated near all the restaurants and shops in this area as well as being a short walk from the scenic Lake Phewa. Each of the 47 comfortably furnished rooms has its own small private terrace or balcony and looks on to the landscaped grounds. Facilities include two restaurants, a bar, infinity pool and spa.
Kasara Jungle Resort
Located in the buffer zone of Nepal's Chitwan National Park, the Kasara Jungle Resort blends simple luxury with contemporary style and is surrounded by verdant jungle. The guestrooms are spacious and comfortable, and feature several thoughtful Nepalese touches. The restaurant serves traditional Nepalese cuisine using locally sourced ingredients, although some international favourites are available. Several activities are available at the resort including 4x4 safaris, jungle walks, cycling and birdwatching excursions.Features: 35 rooms, restaurant, swimming pool, spa, Wi-Fi.
Room amenities: Air conditioning, day bed, desk, tea & coffee making facilities.
The Hyatt Regency is set in 37 acres of gardens and is located 10 km from the city centre of Kathmandu, on the road to Boudhanath Stupa, the most holy of Tibetan Buddhist shrines outside Tibet. The hotel is considered the best in Kathmandu in terms of accommodation and facilities and has 284 rooms and 6 suites.
Barahi Jungle Lodge
The Barahi Jungle Lodge is situated on the banks of the Rapti river, close to the iconic Chitwan National Park and approximately 32km away from Bharatpur domestic airport. The property offers 35 boutique guestrooms decorated with a mix of traditional and contemporary Nepali design themes, equipped with en suite facilities, a flatscreen television, air conditioning and minibar. Rooms also feature private balconies with views out over the river and national park. The lodge has an in-house restaurant that serves a mixture of local, regional, Chinese and continental dishes, while room service options are also available. Other facilities include an outdoor swimming pool and a spa offering a full range of treatments.
Superior private tour extensions
NTY2021
Guideline Prices
Low season from £2145 per person
High season from £2145 per person
Flexible Prices & Itineraries
For a quote based on alternative accommodation standards or flight options, or to tailor this itinerary, please call 020 7873 5000 or send an email enquiry
Prices above are per person in pounds sterling (£), based on two people sharing a twin-room. The prices which were valid at the time of publication, may be subject to change, particularly as a result of variable flight costs. You will be informed of any such changes prior to booking.
Prices above are per person in pounds sterling (£), based on two people sharing a twin-room. The prices which were valid at the time of publication, may be subject to change. You will be informed of any such changes prior to booking.
Prices above are per person in pounds sterling (£), based on one person in a twin-room. The prices which were valid at the time of publication, may be subject to change, particularly as a result of variable flight costs. You will be informed of any such changes prior to booking.
*Itinerary: Note that for the 06 Feb 2014* departure date only the itinerary is different to the regular 2014 tour, with a visit to the countryside in Mai Chai and an extra night in Hanoi, and one less night in Hoi An.
Discounts cannot be combined with any other current or subsequent Cox & Kings offer. Discounts apply to new bookings only and cannot be applied retrospectively. Offers are subject to availability.
S: Prices marked with an (S) symbol are designated as 'Super Offers'. These select tour departures have been highlighted to help you recognise the best value offers currently available on our website.
• 4- & 5-star accommodation
• Private driver throughout
• Air-conditioned transfers
• Experienced local tour guide
• Guided sightseeing & entrance fees
• 11 breakfasts, 4 lunches, 4 dinners
• Porterage at airports & stations
Destinations on this tour
The capital of the ancient mountain kingdom of Nepal, Kathmandu has the air of a medieva...
The peaceful town of Pokhara lies on the shores on Nepal's second largest lake, Phewa...
Located within an hour's drive of Bharatpur airport, Royal Chitwan National Park covers...
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Pan poker is a phenomenon in Asia but much less popular in the U.S. While Easterners have been playing pan (short for panguingue) poker for ages, the game has just begun to filter into American casinos. Some of the resistance, it seems, stems from the game's complex set of rules, which, as with many casino games, don't seem quite so bad once you've played a few times.
The main object of pan poker is to create "melds" of cards. The winner is the player who manages to make melds of an entire 11-card hand. Each player is dealt 10 cards but must draw a new card on each turn, then discard either the drawn card or one of the existing cards. Drawing takes place from the remaining deck or the discard pile--the choice is left to each player on each turn.
The deck is composed of eight different full decks with a few key omissions. The eights, nines, and 10s are removed from each deck, and one deck is entirely stripped of its spades. What results should be a 310-card pile from which players take turns drawing in order to create melds.
There are two types of melds--ropes and squares. Ropes are akin to straights (or, more precisely, straight flushes) in poker; they consist of successive cards in the same suit and must have a minimum of three cards to make a meld. Squares are made up of cards in the same rank but either in different suits or matching suits. The exceptions to this are kings and aces, both of which can come in any suit to form a meld. For more information on this increasingly popular online casino game, please read on. Pan poker is complex enough to warrant several pages of explanation but rewards the effort expended in learning the game.


We offer short-term and school holiday Writing Workshops for Primary School students. In these workshops, students participate in fun and engaging hands-on activities to help them write creatively.
Various hands-on and thematic activities targetted at different aspects of creative writing are planned depending on the theme of the workshop.
Our past workshops include Creative Writing and Art Workshops, Science and Writing Workshops, 'My Senses Are Alive!' Descriptive Writing Workshops, Literature-Based Writing Workshops and many more! Visit our gallery for a glimpse of what students did in our Writing Workshops.
Our short-term Writing Workshops are conducted at various times of the year.
Join the Mailing List below to stay updated of upcoming workshops themes and details.
Enter a valid email address as details of workshops will be sent to this email address.


A prominent, global high street retailer sought an integrated HR, Time & Attendance and payroll solution to efficiently and accurately manage their employee data and enable global payroll processing.
activpayroll implemented an integrated suite of best in class applications to efficiently record and seamlessly transfer all data required for accurate payroll processing.
Global Payroll: European payroll processing solution implemented.
activ8: Online access 24/7 to activ8 SaaS HRIS. ePay: payslips and annual statements. eReport: comprehensive reporting of people, job and project costs. eFile: safe transfer of files. ePeople: Employee HR solution containing both Employee and Manager Self Service. eTime: Online timesheet system, replacing manual processes.
TimeTarget: Retail focused Time & Attendance solution implemented facilitating tablet centric clock-in and clock-out for employees throughout the store base, with hourly integration to activ8's ePeople to facilitate new starts.
activTechnology: Dedicated team of software developers and IT specialists, providing bespoke integrations between TimeTarget; activpayroll's activ8 and the customer's finance system.
Significant reduction of manual processes: Identified and replaced with automated solutions and integrations. An hourly interface between activ8's ePeople module and TimeTarget (providing new employee details to TimeTarget). A regular extract from activ8 to feed all relevant payroll engines (via activ8's Integr8). Post payroll feed of the journal to the customer's finance system.
Improved reporting: By integrating the payroll systems with other existing business systems, senior decision makers were able to access metric reporting and drill down into the detail they desired to make informed decisions.
Improved cost control: On payroll process completion the journal data is issued back for import into their finance system (CODA).
Effective Implementation: The integrations are currently used for over 10 countries for approx. 2000 employees. 15 additional countries will be implemented over the next year.


Gracias justo necesitaba esta canción para practicar un poco.
Awesome song thank you! <3 ohh yeah lead singer baby!
Awesome song... I play this all the time. Thanks a lot!
So many memories.. thank you for it!
I am just in love with this soooooooooong~~~!!!
makes me cry so much :C! It's an Inyushaya's song so I really love it~!
It is one's from the inuyasha anime..
best song ever!! thank you! *_*!
Thanks so much for the song! It works great!


text:
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It would not be surprising to learn that a Chief Marketing Officer of a large global organization is now outspending its entire IT department. With industries becoming more competitive, there's a large shift of business focus and investment towards marketing resources from lines of business.
Digital marketing especially evolves so quickly that there's a race to stay ahead of the competition. Just ten years ago, budgets being allocated to the likes of online video advertisement, web portfolios or mobile apps would have been unheard of. Now it's commonplace. However, with different regions managing their own digital marketing, it can be difficult to maintain overall governance of how assets are built and budget is distributed. This naturally means that there's a reduced business focus causing duplication of assets, processes that aren't efficient and unnecessary spending that occurs.
This fragmentation is what Avanade's Digital Marketing Managed Services looks to address, providing up to 60% cost savings on marketing automation services. We worked with a large global pharmaceutical company, for example, to implement and maintain continuity of its entire marketing platform as part of a $60 million cost reduction project. Our initial assessment discovered that the organization was using over 85 content management systems and up to 20 different vendors, consisting of different cost structures and resulting in varying degrees of success.
Closer analysis showed that some regions were spending more than others. We found that its European marketers were typically overspending in their web production because they were a smaller brand there and needed greater exposure in a competitive market.
This narrow business focus, where marketers only observe their own region, led to the pharmaceutical company lacking full visibility, affecting its perspective on best practice across regions. This fragmentation meant that it was paying for the same thing over and over.
To solve this problem, we analyzed the day-to-day activities of marketers in each region and componentized them, implementing end-to-end solutions that scaled out globally, for one cost.
The importance of executing continuity across the business is something that can seem like an impossible task, particularly in an organization plagued by a legacy of overlapping technology. However, using Digital Marketing Managed Services simplifies the process and allows you to regain control and create cost savings.
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