text:
Removing Entrained Air in Hydraulic Fluids and Lubrication Oils
R. Suzuki, Opus System, Inc. Y. Tanaka, Hosei University G.E. Totten, G.E. Totten & Associates LLC
Fluid aeration can cause numerous problems in a hydraulic and lubrication oil system including: unacceptable noise, poor component response due to spongy behavior of aerated fluids, cavitation damage and severe fluid degradation.
A bubble removal device can be used to mechanically remove bubbles from fluids, which not only solves these problems, but also offers advantages such as the possibility of smaller reservoir size and lower overall system cost. This article describes the principles and operation of a new device that can be installed in a fluid circuit to physically remove bubbles from the fluid during system operation.
Initial Bubble
Initiation of Bubble Collapse
Forming of Liquid Jet
Impact and Metal Extrusion
Figure 1. Cavitation Damage
Cavitation occurs when the pressure acting on a fluid is below the saturation pressure of the dissolved gas in the fluid. At this point, if the bubbles which are flowing with the fluid as it passes through the system encounter a region of higher pressure, they will collapse as illustrated in Figure 1.
The process may be violent, depending upon the load pressure on the hydraulic pump. This can cause broad, high-frequency vibrations, noise, material damage and thermal degradation of the oil.
In addition, bubbles in the reservoir may be concentrated at the gas-liquid interface as foam or they may be dispersed or entrained within the fluid (Figure 2).
Figure 2. Foam and Entrainment
If bubbles are present in the fluid in the reservoir, they may be sucked into the pump, where the bubbles' volume will increase, due to pressure decrease along the suction line, and then compress again when a region of higher pressure is encountered.
This compression is nearly adiabatic (the bubble gets hot, but does not materially increase the temperature of the surrounding fluid), resulting in tremendous localized temperatures at the gas-liquid interface. This may cause thermal cracking and sludge/varnish formation.
It can be difficult to distinguish between these two processes in field applications; therefore, both will be considered as a single cavitation process for the purpose of this discussion.
Various sources of bubble formation within the hydraulic system include:
Suction resistance
Pressure drop through an orifice
Pressure drops through pipes and hoses
Turbulence from valve opening and closing
Shock waves due to sudden closing of valves and sudden cessation of pump operation
Pressure drop due to sudden opening of a valve
External force on piston rod
Plunging of fluid at the return to tank
Inadequate net positive suction head available (NPSHA) relative to the net positive suction head required (NPSHR) in centrifugal pumps
Suction-side recirculation to sub-best efficiency point (BEP) operation of centrifugal pumps
Nearly dry operation of a pump due to insufficient fluid volume.
In gear and bearing lubrication, bubbles may be created by a churning effect of the fluid as it flows through the bearing assembly. There are undesirable physical and chemical effects that result from these processes. For example, an increase in system noise, known as the water-hammer effect, typically accompanies cavitation.
In addition, cavitation may result in increased oil oxidation rates.1 When an air-ignitable mixture is present within the bubble, ignition may occur from the rise in temperature accompanying the compression process.2,3 This process requires only nanoseconds and the localized temperature may be 2012ºF (1100ºC) or higher.
This process, also known as the micro-dieseling effect may lead to oxidative degradation of the hydraulic oil, localized hot spots and pressure spikes, and may subsequently lead to cavitation erosion in a hydraulic pump or other component.4 In addition to these well-known processes, cavitation may lead to the formation of reactive chemical intermediates, which are capable of affecting secondary oxidation and reduction processes.5
These and other hydraulic system problems resulting from the presence of bubbles in a hydraulic fluid include:
Oil temperature rise
Deterioration of oil quality
Degradation of lubrication (due to either viscosity loss or sludge and varnish formation)
Reduced thermal conductivity
Cavitation and erosion
Noise generation
Reduced bulk modulus (due to fluid aeration leading to a spongy fluid and sluggish system control)
Decreased pump efficiency
Reduced dielectric properties
Recently, Opus System, Inc. developed a device to mechanically remove bubbles from aerated hydraulic fluids called the Bubble Eliminator.
The device, shown in Figure 3, consists of a tapered tube that is designed such that a chamber of circular cross-section becomes smaller and then connects with a cylindrical straight tube chamber. Fluid containing bubbles flows tangentially into the tapered tube from an inlet port and generates a swirling flow that circulates the fluid through the flow passage.
The swirling flow accelerates as the radius decreases, reducing the fluid pressure along the central axis as the fluid moves downstream by Bernoulli's equation. At the end of the tapered tube, the swirl flow decelerates downstream and the pressure recovers as the fluid moves to the outlet. In a sense, this is a fluid-flow driven centrifuge action for bubble removal.
There are certain position-dependent centrifugal forces created in all parts of the swirl flow, and the bubbles tend to move toward the central axis of the device due to the difference in centrifugal force. Small bubbles are trapped, creating an air column in the vicinity of the central axis of the swirling flow near the area where the pressure is the lowest. When backpressure is applied at the downstream side of the device, the collected bubbles will be ejected through the vent port.
Figure 4. Air Bubble Removal,
A) Aerated Fluid, B) De-aerated Fluid.
Figure 4 illustrates the ability of the device to remove air bubbles when used with a severely aerated hydraulic fluid.
The device is manufactured in four configurations shown in Figure 5: standard, in-line, coater and the sanitary-type designs to facilitate installation and use in a variety of hydraulic circuits.
Figure 5. Configurations Include A) Standard, B) In-line, C) Coater and D) Sanitary.
Use with Feed Pump
If the circulation circuit on the suction side of the system's pump is placed downstream of the device, then theoretically, bubbles can be eliminated. By means of adjusting the circulation flow, the delivery flow can be controlled for the next processing stage.
If a throttle valve is incorporated on the suction side of the hydraulic system's pump and is adjusted to decrease the pressure between the throttle valve and pump, the capacity for dissolved gas in the fluid is decreased. Thus, the fluid becomes oversaturated with the dissolved gas and bubbles come out of the fluid at the suction side of the pump. They are then fed to the device and removed from the system. When dissolved gas is decreased, the rate of gas dispersion into the fluid is increased so that fluid absorbs more bubbles, which can then be dissolved into the oil. For some chemical fluids, this method is not suitable.
Connection to Return or Processing Line
The Bubble Eliminator may also be connected to the return line of the chemical feed pump, where it may:
Improve surface quality
Prevent uneven spreading
Prevent defects in quality of products
Improve flow rate measuring accuracy
Decrease waste material
Increase productivity.
It has been shown that the Bubble Eliminator can effectively remove bubbles from hydraulic fluids in various hydraulic systems, which may cause cavitation damage, increased and objectionable noise, accelerated fluid degradation and other operational problems. Furthermore, in off-highway equipment design, there are ever-increasing motivations to save space and cost by using smaller reservoir designs. The use of this type of device with off-highway hydraulic systems facilitates this practice because in addition to allowing smaller reservoir size, the following advantages are achieved:
Lightweight, smaller space, lower cost
Slows fluid degradation, thus extending usable life of fluid
Prevention of pump cavitation and noise
Less fluid in a reservoir, less possibility of fire
Less heating time in cold weather
Decrease in fluid compressibility and increase in dynamic characteristics
Ease of contamination control
Simple configuration of reservoir with no baffle plate.
Hobs, J., and McCloy, D. (January 1972). Cavitation Erosion in Oil Hydraulic Equipment. Metals and Materials, p. 27-35.
Suzuki, R., Tanaka, Y., and Yokota, S. (1998). Reduction of Oil Temperature Rise by Use of a Bubble Elimination Device in Hydraulic Systems. Lubrication Engineering, Vol. 54, No. 3, p. 23-27.
Backè,W., and Lipphardy, P. (1977). Influence of Dispersed Air on the Pressure Medium. Process Contamination of Fluid Power Systems, C97/76, p. 77-84.
Yamaguchi, Y., and Shimiza, S. (1987). Erosion Due to Impingement of a Cavitating Jet. Trans. ASME, J. Fluids Engineering, Vol. 109, No. 4, p. 442-447.
Suslick, K., Mdleleni, M., and Ries, J. (1997). Chemistry Induced by Hydrodynamic Cavitation. Journal of the American Chemical Society. Vol. 119, p. 9303-9304.
R. Suzuki
Y. Tanaka
G.E. Totten
Unboxing: Mystik® JT-9™ LeakShield® AW Hydraulic Oil
Why You Shouldn't Overlook Hydraulic Pipe Size
4 Steps to Diagnose Low System Pressure
Understanding Logic Valves in Hydraulic Systems
Oil Reclamation


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Fun retro Birthday card featuring a cheeky party scene. The pink policeman is our favourite but we spot a new character each time we look at this card!


A Skaneateles fitness studio has transformed Sandy Pine's life in more ways than one.
The 37-year-old Sennett woman became the new owner of Gazella Training, Fitness & Yoga starting Jan. 1, a career change for the former special education teacher. She's taking over for former owner Reem Jishi, who moved to Florida but still works with Pine as a consultant.
Though Pine is just getting her feet wet on the business side of things, she hopes to keep the studio running mostly the same for now with the potential to add new classes down the road. It's a road, however, she never really thought she'd be on.


text:
"Soccer meets demolition derby" | Local star captains U.S. Amputee Team
July 1, 20195:01PM EDT
Nico Calabria is a teacher at Concord-Carlisle High School, just north of Boston. He's also the captain of the United States Men's Amputee Soccer Team, having competed in three World Cups and, more recently, featuring in a modified 3-v-3 amputee game at halftime of the New England Revolution's meeting with the Houston Dynamo at Gillette Stadium.
Calabria recently visited a Revolution training session and sat down to discuss the amputee game, it's future in the United States, and how fans support the sport's growth.
For more information on the American Amputee Soccer Association, visit www.ampsoccer.org.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


^1 Joseph N. Straus, Introduction to Post-Tonal Theory, 3rd edition (New Jersey: Pearson Education, 2005), 99.
^2 As a side-note, my interest in statistics have come from an unlikely source. During the recent turbulent political atmosphere (the 2012 presidential elections), I have found myself trying to sift through the contradicting polls, surveys, and facts. After intense searching, I noticed a level-headed and methodical statistician that clearly articulates the answers to most of my questions. His name is Nate Silver and he currently works for the New York Times running a brilliant blog called fivethirtyeight. His book, "The Signal and the Noise" discusses the methods of finding stable statistics (the signal) within incredibly chaotic data (the noise).
^3 As a percussionist who always argues for analyses that contain rhythmic context, this is a difficult thing for me to do.
^4 …an excerpt that I can't glance at without dropping my jaw.
^5 See Nate Silver, The Signal and the Noise (New York: Penguin Press, 2012); A signal is when one can extrapolate a definite truth out of data. Noise is when the data is either insufficient, or close to what one would expect if the data were randomized.
^7 In the same way that one can apply super/subset theory to pitch, one can apply it to CSEGs; A <01> CSEG set can be derived from the three sets by eliminating one digit and reducing or normalizing (see footnote 6).
^8 Clearly, Berg is not composing out a 'Shepard Tone.' If he were trying to do that, he would probably need an entire string orchestra playing tuned octaves while executing parallel glissandi and applying a fade-in/fade-out procedure at the bottom and top of the glissando (depending on the direction of the Shepard Tone). My analogy is simply referring to the 'appoggiatura' motion... something like: //////// or \\\\\\\\.
^9 See Robert Morris "New Directions in the Theory and Analysis of Musical Contour," Music Theory Spectrum 15, no. 2 (1993): 205-228.


text:
Q: Access a Groovy variable inside a generated parallel pipeline in a shell I'm stuck on accessing a groovy variable inside a shell step in Jenkins pipeline.
I read Access a Groovy variable from within shell step in Jenkins pipeline and Pass groovy variable to shell script but cannot have what I want working as expected.
Here is my pipeline:
// While you can't use Groovy's .collect or similar methods currently, you can
// still transform a list into a set of actual build steps to be executed in
// parallel.

// Our initial list of strings we want to echo in parallel
def tempList = dusboard.split(',').collect{it as String}

def stringsToEcho = ["a", "b", "c", "d"]

// The map we'll store the parallel steps in before executing them.
def stepsForParallel = tempList.collectEntries {
  ["echoing ${it}" : transformIntoStep(it)]
}

// Actually run the steps in parallel - parallel takes a map as an argument,
// hence the above.
parallel stepsForParallel

// Take the string and echo it.
def transformIntoStep(tmpBoard) {
  // We need to wrap what we return in a Groovy closure, or else it's invoked
  // when this method is called, not when we pass it to parallel.
  // To do this, you need to wrap the code below in { }, and either return
// that explicitly, or use { -> } syntax.
  return {
    node('tb-tftp-server') {
      echo tmpBoard
      stage('install') {
        env.board = tmpBoard
        lock(resource: "$tmpBoard") {
          sh '''
                hwjs="hw-\${board}.js"
                echo "1 $hwjs"
                hwjs="hw-\${tmpBoard}.js"
                echo "2 $hwjs"
            '''
        }
        lock(resource: "$tmpBoard") {
          sh '''
                echo ''' + tmpBoard + ' abcd' '''
         '''
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

If I execute it with dus011,dus012 as input parameters (i.e. variable dusboard=dus011,dus012), here comes the output
[echoing dus011] Trying to acquire lock on [dus011]
[echoing dus011] Lock acquired on [dus011]
[Pipeline] [echoing dus011] {
[Pipeline] [echoing dus012] lock
[echoing dus012] Trying to acquire lock on [dus012]
[echoing dus012] Lock acquired on [dus012]
[Pipeline] [echoing dus012] {
[Pipeline] [echoing dus011] sh
[echoing dus011] [lionel_test3] Running shell script
[echoing dus011] + hwjs=hw-dus012.js
[echoing dus011] + echo '1 hw-dus012.js'
[echoing dus011] 1 hw-dus012.js
[echoing dus011] + hwjs=hw-.js
[echoing dus011] + echo '2 hw-.js'
[echoing dus011] 2 hw-.js
[Pipeline] [echoing dus012] sh
[echoing dus012] [lionel_test3@2] Running shell script
[Pipeline] [echoing dus011] }
[echoing dus011] Lock released on resource [dus011]
[Pipeline] [echoing dus011] // lock
[echoing dus012] + hwjs=hw-dus012.js
[echoing dus012] + echo '1 hw-dus012.js'
[echoing dus012] 1 hw-dus012.js
[echoing dus012] + hwjs=hw-.js
[echoing dus012] + echo '2 hw-.js'
[echoing dus012] 2 hw-.js
[Pipeline] [echoing dus011] lock
[echoing dus011] Trying to acquire lock on [dus011]
[echoing dus011] Lock acquired on [dus011]
[Pipeline] [echoing dus011] {
[Pipeline] [echoing dus011] sh
[echoing dus011] [lionel_test3] Running shell script
[Pipeline] [echoing dus012] }
[echoing dus012] Lock released on resource [dus012]
[Pipeline] [echoing dus012] // lock
[echoing dus011] + echo dus011 abcd
[echoing dus011] dus011 abcd
[Pipeline] [echoing dus012] lock
[echoing dus012] Trying to acquire lock on [dus012]
[echoing dus012] Lock acquired on [dus012]
[Pipeline] [echoing dus012] {
[Pipeline] [echoing dus012] sh
[echoing dus012] [lionel_test3@2] Running shell script
[Pipeline] [echoing dus011] }
[echoing dus011] Lock released on resource [dus011]
[Pipeline] [echoing dus011] // lock
[Pipeline] [echoing dus011] }
[echoing dus012] + echo dus012 abcd
[echoing dus012] dus012 abcd
[Pipeline] [echoing dus011] // stage
[Pipeline] [echoing dus011] }
[Pipeline] [echoing dus011] // node
[Pipeline] [echoing dus011] }
[echoing dus011] Failed in branch echoing dus011
[Pipeline] [echoing dus012] }
[echoing dus012] Lock released on resource [dus012]
[Pipeline] [echoing dus012] // lock
[Pipeline] [echoing dus012] }
[Pipeline] [echoing dus012] // stage
[Pipeline] [echoing dus012] }
[Pipeline] [echoing dus012] // node
[Pipeline] [echoing dus012] }
[echoing dus012] Failed in branch echoing dus012
[Pipeline] // parallel
[Pipeline] End of Pipeline
Also:   java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot get property '
             ' on null object
java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot get property '
             ' on null object

We can see the lock command has the correct board: one time dus011, another time dus012 ==> good
But this one is wrong [echoing dus011] + hwjs=hw-dus012.js it should be hw-dus011.js, not hw-dus012.js. I think it's because it's an environment variable and the second // stage overwrite the first one ==> bad
Other prints for board name are wrong.
So I tried with the '''++' syntax. Sounds good because this time board name matches [echoing dus011] dus011 abcd and [echoing dus012] dus012 abcd but then Java exception :(
Where is my mistake? how to solve that?
Thank you for your help

A: I believe this could be happening because inside your parallel block you are modifying the global env variable by doing env.board = tmpBoard. You have a race condition between those blocks based on write/read access.
I think the best way to do this would be to instead use the withEnv inside of your blocks to isolate the context in which the environment is set.
Instead of
env.board = tmpBoard

you could do
withEnv(["board=$tmpBoard"]) {
    // block of code needing board as environment variable
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Immobile but mobile – straight but crooked
BMdotcom doesn't do video very often, but this actually immobile piece of graphics does a fair amount of apparent moving around, especially if you do any scrolling up and down:
Says Akiyoshi Kitaoki:
Each row appears to move. Each row is horizontally aligned but appears to tilt.
I made it slightly smaller than it was, but that hasn't changed anything.
Computer graphics | How the mind works | Video
Friday March 30 2018
Cheetaroo
This Friday's Other Creature is this:
Found it here. Thank you Clarissa for telling me about this.
It's all in connection with Australian Ball Tampering.
My favourite factual discovery re this rumpus: Cricket Australia has a Head of Integrity. Reminds me of this guy.
Australasia | Comedy | Computer graphics | Other creatures | Sport | Television
Thursday March 29 2018
No daisy eating
The other day, I photoed the Battle of Britain Monument. This is across the road from the Victoria Embankment Gardens, which I also explored, to begin with just to find out if I could. I could. This contains various war memorials and statues, but also many things that you are either urged to do or urged not do:
That is a horizontal slice of a sign next to one of the entrances. Click to get the whole thing.
It reminds me of an American book I read long ago entitled Please Don't Eat The Daisies. The point of that title being that every time the American parents described in the book left their American children to their own devices, they had to ask them to please refrain from an ever longer list of things that they had previously done which were bad. One time, they ate the daisies. So, that had to be added to the list of things they were begged not to do.
Each of the do-this don't-do-this red circles above feels to me like a moment in the past when people started doing or to fail to do whatever it was in noticeable numbers, having previously not thus misbehaved.
Books | History | London | My photographs | Signs and notices | USA
Wednesday March 28 2018
The perfect time to enjoy a bit of pollarding
Pollarding is what you do to trees, if you want to make them look like this, as lots of people seem to:
It's not that warm now. But nor is it that cold now. It now feels warm because of it being less cold than it recently was. Simply weather-wise, I probably prefer June. But in June, the trees are all smothered in leaves. Pollarding effects would be hidden.
I like the bobble on top of the building, far right. Fits in well, I think.
Language | London | My photographs
Tuesday March 27 2018
Weird Queen Elizabeth IIs and weird Sherlock Holmeses
I don't quite know why I am so very fond of tourist crap shops. I think it's basically because of how very weird they are. Also, perhaps, the notion that no-one else in my circle of friends and acquaintances gives them a second look, so I do, just to be different. My friends and acquaintances certainly certainly wouldn't consider the crap in tourist shops to be worthy of photo-immortality, and those are just the things that I think often make the best photos.
Consider this photo, taken recently in Piccadilly:
What is particularly weird about that is how very unlike the actual Queen Elizabeth II those Queen Elizabeth IIs contrive to look.
And those Sherlock Holmeses are hardly any better. In fact, they are probably worse. Sherlock Holmes didn't look like anything at all, because he was made up, by a writer of fiction. But he surely doesn't, in anyone's mind, look like those Sherlock Holmeses. They look like Sherlock Holmes as re-enacted in a school play, by a rather bad boy actor who couldn't do make-up properly, and who therefore sought assistance from someone else who couldn't do make-up properly.
It's as if the people selling these things, and the people buying them, are all people to whom us white people all look alike.
Business | How the mind works | Literature | London | My photographs | Sculpture
Monday March 26 2018
Faces on a Monument
Today I was out and about, enjoying one of those First Day of Spring days, of which we get quite a few, and I always try to get out and photo-celebrate them.
This time I walked along the river on the north side, from Westminster to the Embankment. Which took me past the Battle of Britain Monument, of which this is a detail:
That was the only photo I took of this Monument. Such is my eyesight that I had no idea how intense those faces were and are, until I saw them on my screen. It's their eyes.
If your eyes don't work properly and you go on a sightseeing walk, the only way you will actually get to see what you saw properly is to photo it.
History | London | My photographs | Sculpture | War
Sunday March 25 2018
Weird Piccadilly photos today
Fortnum & Mason are promoting their tea with their window displays just now, with giant teapots.
Here is a giant teapot made of bits of broken mirror, promoting Royal Blend:
And behind the teapot is me, and Piccadilly, and a woman walking along Piccadilly, into a giant pile of liquid-but-solid tea. Reflections can be very strange.
And then, when I reached Green Park tube, I saw this, in the distance, maximum zoom:
It's Nova, complete with its crane for cleaning its windows. Weird because the light is so weird. Cloudy, just getting dark, but not dark yet.
I love these window cleaner cranes. Roof clutter above and beyond the call of duty. Best of all are ones like these, which sometimes you see and sometimes not.
Architecture | Business | Cranes | Design | Food and drink | London | My photographs | Roof clutter | Sculpture | Technology
The biggest exercise in keeping up appearances that I have so far heard about
I have something I need to stick up here and then forget about. There's an architectural thing that I write about here, which I refer to as "keeping up appearances". The best photo I have ever taken of this kind of thing is this one, which is of a quite tall but not at all wide sliver of facade, that presumably still stands in Oxford Street, but now with an entirely new building erected behind that facade.
But that wasn't keeping up appearances. this is keeping up appearances:
It used to be a psychiatric hospital, and what it will be is the new headquarters of the USA's Department of Homeland Security.
This newly designed building will preserve the appearance of the old, but hollow it out completely. Behind its old facade, it will be something new. Something else entirely. Which is very appropriate, I think you will agree.
Architecture | History | London | My photographs | USA
Leo McKinstry on British resistance to the German Sealion
Yes, today's "other creature" is a sealion, Operation Sealion, Hitler's plan to invade Britain in 1940. And this posting is another bit from a book. Which book? Well, I greatly admire the books of Leo McKinstry, and have done ever since I read his wonderful biography of Geoffrey Boycott. So, as soon as I discovered that McKinstry had written a book about Operation Sealion, I bought it. I now possess it, and as soon as I have read the other seven or eight books above it in my TO READ list, I will start reading it. I may even start reading it sooner than that.
This early bit (pp. 4-6), from the Introduction, has already confirmed the wisom of the purchase:
Wartime legend has presented the heroics of the RAF as an exception to an otherwise desperate military performance by Britain in I940. In this narrative, there is a chasm between the daring and efficiency of Fighter Command and the woeful inadequacy of most other parts of the British war effort. Defeat was inevitable if the RAF was overwhelmed, according to the traditional account, which portrays Britain as hopelessly ill equipped in the face of the Nazi war machine. It was a supposed weakness highlighted by the paralysis in the civil service, the chronic shortages of men and weaponry in the regular army, the lack of modern vessels in the navy and the country's feeble home defences. The might of Hitler's Reich, which had blitzed its way through Poland, Scandinavia and Western Europe, would hardly have been deterred by some hastily erected pillboxes, rolls of barbed wire and lightweight guns. The ultimate symbol of Britain's alleged vulnerability in I940 was the Home Guard, that makeshift force of volunteers whose very nickname, 'Dad's Army', was so redolent of its antiquated nature in the savage new age of total war. Made famous for future generations by the television comedy series of the I970s, the Home Guard appeared more likely to provoke laughter than fear in the invader. The image of Home Guardsmen, devoid of rifles or uniforms, performing their pointless drill routines with broomsticks and pitchforks, has long been held to characterise how badly prepared Britain was. This outlook is encapsulated in a remark made by a volunteer from Great Yarmouth when his unit was inspected in the summer of 1940 by a senior army officer, who asked: 'What steps would you take if you saw the Hun come down in parachutes?'
'Bloody long ones: came the reply.
But the commonly held belief in Britain's defencelessness in 1940 is hardly matched by the historical facts. The Few of Fighter Command were not an exception but part of a national pattern of resolute determination and thoroughness. In almost every aspect of the war effort in 1940, Britain was far better organised than the mythology suggests. The Royal Navy's Home Fleet, guarding every part of the southern and eastern coastlines, represented a formidable obstacle to German ambitions. Between Sheerness and Harwich alone, the navy had thirty destroyers. RAF Bomber Command relentlessly pounded the invasion fleet, weakening the morale of the German forces. Similarly, the British army had gained enormously in strength and equipment since the fall of France. In September 1940, when the invasion threat was at its height, there were no fewer than 1,760,000 regular troops in service, many of them led by tough- minded figures like Alan Brooke, Claude Auchinleck and Bernard Montgomery. The same is true of the Home Guard, whose broomsticks had by then largely vanished. Most of the volunteers were armed with highly effective American rifles, which were superior, in some respects, to those used by the regular soldiers. Outside the military sphere, the British home front was just as impressive. Aircraft production was much higher than that in Germany, factory hours longer. Major operations, like the evacuation of children from areas at risk of attack, the removal of gold from the Bank of England vaults, or the transfer of national art treasures to remote shelters in Wales, were carried out with superb efficiency.
What is so striking about the British authorities at this time is pressure for survival. During his leadership of V Corps, in the front line of the army's southern command, Montgomery set out his creed to his officers. 'We had got to the stage where we must do as we like as regards upsetting private property. If a house was required as an HQ it must be taken. Any material required to improve the defences must be taken.'
Bits from books | History | War
Deidre McCloskey on how genetic diversity in a rich Africa will yield a crop of geniuses
I'm reading Deidre McCloskey's Bourgeois Equality, the final volume of her Bourgeois trilogy. I hope that in this volume, at last, I will read evidence concerning McCloskey's thesis about how the Great Enrichment came about, which is that it was ideological. She keeps repeating this, but keeps flying off at other tangents. Wish me luck.
Interesting tangents, mind you. Like this one, which is a most interesting prediction, concerning the future of Sub-Saharan Africa (pp. 70-72):
Know also a remarkable likelihood in our future. Begin with the sober scientific fact that sub-Saharan Africa has great genetic diversity, at any rate by the standard of the narrow genetic endowment of the ancestors of the rest of us, the small part of the race of Homo sapiens that left Mother Africa in dribs and drabs after about 70,000 BCE. The lower diversity outside Africa comes from what geneticists call the founder effect, that is, the dying out of genetic lines in an isolated small group, such as those that ventured into west Asia and then beyond. The founder effect is merely a consequence, of the small samples dribbling out, as against the big sample of the Homo sapiens folk that stayed put in Africa. Any gene-influenced ability is therefore going to have more African extremes. The naturally tallest people and the naturally shortest people, for example, are in sub-Saharan Africa. The naturally quickest long-distance runners are in East Africa. The best basketball players descend from West Africans. In other words, below the Sahara the top end of the distribution of human abilities - physical and intellectual and artistic - is unusually thick. (Yet even in Africa the genetic variability in the Homo sapiens race appears to have been thinned repeatedly before the time of the modest emigrations, by population crashes, such as when the super volcano Toba in Sumatra went off, suggestively also around 70,000 BCE. It reduced our Homo sapiens ancestors to a few thousand-a close call.)
The thickness of sub-Saharan abilities at the high end of the distribution is a mere consequence of the mathematics. Greater diversity, which is to say in technical terms, higher variance, means that unusual abilities at both ends of the distribution, high and low, are more common. Exactly how much more depends on technical measures of genetic difference and their expression. The effect could be small or large depending on such measures and on the social relevance of the particular gene expression.
The high end is what matters for high culture. Sub-Saharan Africa, now at last leaning toward liberal democracy, has entered on the blade of the hockey stick, growing since 2001 in per-person real income by over 4 percent per year-doubling that is, every eighteen years. A prominent Nigerian investment manager working in London, Ayo Salami, expects an ideological shift among African leaders in favor of private trading as the generation, of the deeply socialist anticolonialists born in the 1940s dies out." The 6- to 10-percent growth rate available to poor economies that wholeheartedly adopt liberalism will then do its work and yield educational opportunities for Africans now denied them.
The upshot? Genetic diversity in a rich Africa will yield a crop of geniuses unprecedented in world history. In a century or so the leading scientists and artists in the world will be black-at any rate if the diversity is as large in gene expression and social relevance as it is in, say, height or running ability. Today a Mozart in Nigeria follows the plow; a Basho in Mozambique was recruited as a boy soldier; a Tagore in East Africa tends his father's cattle; a Jane Austen in Congo spends her illiterate days carrying water and washing clothes. "Full many a gem of purest ray serene / The dark unfathom'd caves of ocean bear."
Africa | Art | Bits from books | Economics | Education | History | Politics | Science
Islam can't be made nice
Says Armin Navabi:
The only way to reform Islam is to get rid of Islam.
A short video, lasting just over two minutes. Navabi is right, provided by "reform" we mean "make nice". That verbal quibble aside, agreed.
There are many nice people who want to remain nice but also to remain Muslim. Can't be done. Islam demands nastiness from its followers, and there's no way round that, only out of it.
The current Western governmental view of Islam is: resist the bad stuff, appease the good stuff. But the only good stuff in Islam is good people trying to be good but being told not to be good by Islam. Islam itself is the enemy.
The way to defeat Islam is to persuade a large number of its current adherents to stop being its adherents. That will put Islam on the defensive, both ideologically and physically. Muslims will be put in the position of trying to explain that Islam is nice. They will fail, but will then look weak, because they will have abandoned their strongest weapon, which is the fact that Islam demands nastiness. And the Muslims will thus lose. There will still be many "Muslims", so-called, in the world, but the ones who really believe in it will become a beleaguered minority, constantly betrayed to their enemies by other "Muslims" who are trying to prove, to the world and to other Muslims who are thinking of leaving Islam, how nice they are, despite going through all the motions of saying that they still believe nasty things.
In other anti-Islamic news, Dawkins notes a stirring of atheism in the Islamic world. I hope, and more and more think, that this is right, and very good news. The more I learn about this man, more I admire him, even though I mostly don't agree with him on domestic political issues.
If you are now, still, a Muslim, stop it.
Atheism | Books | Comedy | Middle East and Islam | Religion | Social Media | Television | Video
Goodnight and see you tomorrow
Today I got up at 7am, worked on and off on a big piece of writing, then dined at Chateau Samizdata, out west, and am now back here, as in home, having not done anything here, as in at this blog.
Here is a photo chosen from the archives, pretty much at random:
Taken in March 2012, i.e. six years ago, when the Shard was just being finished. Taken from out east, beside the Victoria Docks.
And now I will go to bed, and get up just as early tomorrow morning as I was up today, and I will finish that big piece of writing. I promise this. That's the plan, anyway. One thing is for sure. I am in no state to finish it now.
Goodnight and see you tomorrow.
Architecture | Cranes | History | London | My photographs | The Micklethwait Clock
Not the usual end to the Six Nations
For two reasons. First, England came second to bottom, which is not the usual arrangement at all. It is now being said that they were tired, from playing too much rugby for their clubs and before that for the British Lions.
But the other reason this was a strange end to the Six Nations was the weather. The last weekend of the Six Nations is supposed to be a day where all we rugby couch potatoes celebrate that Winter is well and truly over, that Spring is here, and that we can finally rise up out of our couches and venture out properly into the first serious sunshine of the new year, for hours at a time.
Instead, along with England doing really badly in the rugby, it was like this:
Click on that to get the bigger picture. That's GodDaughter2 weekending out in the countryside, in Hampshire or some such county out there. That photo was taken by her, on the same day that England got beaten by Ireland at Twickenham, where it also snowed. Which was all part of why England did so badly, I think. For Ireland, the worse the weather is the better they like it.
According to the short-term weather forecasters, who are the only weather forecasters I take seriously, this second cold snap will soon be done, and then Spring can finally get started.
Other creatures | Sport | Television
A wedding photo session in March 2008
Ten years ago, plus another eleven days, there was a wedding photo session in Parliament Square, and I joined in, as I always do whenever I see this kind of thing happening:
I like how, top left and top right, they tied her train (?) to the railings, to get a better picture. That gives you just a small hint of how much trouble all concerned go to, to get good photos. Two Real Photographers, going at it for about half an hour.
And so totally absorbed in what they're doing that they hardly notice me. Or if they do, they don't care. Besides which, given what a spectacle, in a good way, they are making of themselves, they probably agreed with me that they were fair photographic game.
I wonder what sort of life they are living now. A good life, I hope.
Asia | Digital photographers | London | My photographs
The Great Big City Thing – new Big City Things – a not so big City Thing
GodDaughter2 having dragged me into London at the crack of 10.30am (which is when that Traviata dress rehearsal started), I of course got to Embankment Tube early, on account of being so scared of being late. I had some time to kill.
So, instead of turning left at the Embankment Tube ticket machines and just trudging up Villiers Street to Trafalgar Square and on to the ENO's Colosseum, I instead turned right, and went up onto the north London end of the downstream version of the Hungerford Footbridge(s). It's a favourite little spot of mine, concerning which, maybe, there will (although I promise nothing) be more here, soon or whenever.
For now, consider just this one photo, taken from that spot, at that time:
Because it is the morning, the light is not what I am used to. The Big Things of the City of London are not well light, because back lit.
The big picture story here is that the Big Things of the City of London are, slowly but surely, metamorphosing into one Great Big City Thing.
But when I got home and had a closer look, I was intrigued to see two moderately Big Things already clearly to be seen.
You probably noticed this one already:
That's the Scalpel. That the Scalpel has been going up has been obvious for some time.
But this one came as rather more of a surprise. This detail had to be enlarged, or you might miss it, as I did, until I got home and looked carefully:
That, ladies and gents, hiding in among all the bigger Things, is the much touted but seemingly never actually happening (but it actually is) Can of Ham:
The Can of Ham is called that because it will look like a can of ham:
Come to think of it, I have a vague recollection of visiting those Big City Things, about … a while back. Bear with me while I rootle through the photo-archives.Yes, here we go. I was there on June 3rd, last year.
The Scalpel was already well under way, thanks to some particularly entertaining cranage:
And it definitely was the Scalpel, because it said so at the bottom:
But the Can of Ham was also already starting to go up:
As you can clearly see if you take a closer look at what it says at the bottom there:
By trying to call this thing "Seventy St. Mary Axe", but by making it look exactly like a can of ham, and quite a big and visible one, big enough and visible enough for it to need a particular and memorable name, they screwed up on the naming front. It was only ever going to be called the "Can of Ham".
Some bunch of idiots long ago tried to get the Gherkin called 30 St Mary Axe, and that never stuck either.
50 St Mary Axe is also a Thing, but such a small Thing that nobody cares what that's called, so that actually is called 50 St Mary Axe.
Architecture | Bridges | Cranes | Language | London | My photographs | Scaffolding | Signs and notices
Quota taxi covered in quota red flamingos
I'm trying to wrench my sleep patterns back into something like sanity, and this now leaves me very tired. Which is the plan working, but it makes blogging rather difficult. So, today, one photo, and that's your lot:
Plus, although I'm tired, here is a detail, that emphasises the flamingo aspect:
The relevant bit of the website.
Advertising | Design | London | My photographs | Other creatures | The Micklethwait Clock | Transport
ENO Traviata dress rehearsal
Yesterday GodDaughter2 arranged for me to accompany her and and a selection her singing student friends to a dress rehearsal of the ENO's La Traviata. Like every show at the E(nglish) NO, It was sung in English. It was also somewhat strangely directed, as operas tend to be nowadays. So, the students were all grumbling afterwards. What were those peculiar gestures the soprano kept on doing? "Such torture" to have listen to it in English!
As for me, my problems were that we were the usual third of a mile up and away in the sky (but with no windows through which I might have taken photos of London's Things), and I couldn't properly see what was happening down there in the distance, beyond the woman in front of me's head and those brass railings that she was able crouch down and look under. I wasn't bothered by all the strange "acting" that the singers were apparently doing, because I could hardly see it. It was all I could do to decypher the English crib (and thank goodness for that) above the stage, of what they were singing (in English also (but as often as not you still can't make out the damn words (because of how they sing them))). But the music, by Giuseppe Verdi, which I knew only as a random bunch of tunes that I had just about quarter-heard before, is so good that I was kept constantly entertained. Plus, I understood enough of what was going on to really enjoy it, and to really learn something.
It's quite a story. A young woman (the Traviata of the title) is trying to juggle short-term pleasure with and against long-term romantic fulfilment, is fretting about whether her true love can truly be depended upon, but also doesn't want to get her true love into social trouble because of her lurid past causing everyone to think he could have done better, which will dishonour his entire family and make his younger sister much less marriageable. Plus, she is not in the best of health and has to keep seeing a doctor.
I can remember, way back in the sixties, when it was believed that all that social pressure stuff was dead in the water. Plus of course, in the sixties, everyone was far too young to be having any health problems. Girls could shack up with guys and have consequence-free sex, and then live happily ever after with … whoever. I think I remember thinking, even at the time: well, we'll see. And it turns out that young girls can now be "ruined" a lot like they were in olden times, that "society" has not gone away, that people still get ill, even sometimes ill because of sex, and that La Traviata is still bang up to date.
The Father of the Traviata's True Love very much wants True Love to stop being Traviata's True Love, and begs Traviata to give him up. For the ENO, yesterday, this Father was sung by Alan Opie. He was especially good. A bloke had come on at the beginning and said that, what with this being only a dress rehearsal, some of the singers might be holding back a bit, saving it for the real show. But you could definitely tell that Opie was the real deal.
Classical music | History | Language | London | Opera | Society
Assorted Twitterings
I follow Tom Holland because I have liked several of his books (especially Persian Fire), and because I often agree with him, as when he says things like this:
The assumption in Europe that its brand of colonialism was uniquely awful is, in a perverse way, one of the last hold-outs of eurocentrism.
Via Tom Holland, I came upon this, from Anthony McGowan:
I came across a place called Strood. I looked it up (having no idea where or what it was), I found this achingly poignant statement: "Strood was part of Frindsbury until 1193, but now Frindsbury is considered part of Strood."
It's the implication that "now", in the Strood/Finsbury part of the world, began in 1193 that makes this so entertaining. I guess they have long memories out there in the not-London part of Britain.
Anthony McGowan is someone I don't agree with a lot of the time (here is what I think about that). But, I also liked this:
An article about the history of the Chinese typewriter. One old machine had a strange pattern, as some characters had been polished by over-use. It belonged to a Chinese-American immigrant. "The keys that glitter with use are: emigrant, far away, urgent, longing, hardship, dream".
McGowan doesn't supply links to where he got these intriguing titbits, which I don't like. But despite that and other similarly nitpicky nitpicks on my part, Twitter is working, for me. At present I have no plans to depend upon it to say things, although that may change, for I am too distrustful of its increasing political bias. But it is supplying me with much more stuff to be thinking about and writing about.
Books | Europe | History | Language | Politics | Quote unquote | Social Media | Technology
Quota wine bottle with silly name
Incoming email from Tony entitled "Couldn't resist buying this":
Here's hoping he was/will be amused by its cheek.
Apparently the Arse is a river in southern France, beside which grapes are grown.
Up early tomorrow. So now, to bed.
Food and drink | France | Friends | Language
The Devil's Dice in Piccadilly
On March 21st, Roz Watkins, author of The Devil's Dice, will be signing copies of that book at Waterstone's Piccadilly, an event which I will attend. This afternoon, finding myself in that part of London on account of needing a new battery for my ancient Casio watch, I dropped in on Waterstones to see what, if anything, they were doing with the book.
They had just one copy on show, in a New Crime Hardbacks display:
Can you spot it? Memo to self: If I ever design a book cover, make the title on the front either in dark lettering with a light background, or with light lettering on a dark background. The Devil's Dice, with its light orange title on a light coloured sky, is second from the right, bottom row (on account of Watkins beginning with W). Another memo to self: When I become a published author, have a surname starting with a letter near the beginning of the alphabet, rather than almost at the end.
Anyway, here's a close-up of it, just so you know it was really there:
I needed another copy of the book, because I gave the advance copy Roz sent me to someone else. But I was reluctant to buy the only copy of The Devil's Dice that they had on show, thus depriving Waterstonians of any further sight of it. I asked at the desk if they had a paperback. Oh no, they said, not for at least six months. I asked if they had any more copies on order. Yes, said the lady, sounding rather impressed when her computer told her, we have eighty copies coming, ordered this morning.
I have no idea what that means. Maybe those copies are just for the book signing, and maybe many will be sent back after that. But maybe this is good, and reflects how well the original launch in Derby went, assuming that this did go well. Anyway, with eighty more copies on their way to Waterstones, I bought that one copy that they had today.
See also, The Devil's Dice with dog, in Waterstones Brighton. Again, right down by the floor with the other Ws.
Books | Business | Crime | Design | Family | London | My photographs | Other creatures | Social Media
Bridge reflected
Yes. Here at BMdotcom we like bridges and we like reflections, so here is a bridge, reflected:
I encountered this photo here.
New bridges are a bit hard to come by these days, especially given the fact that so many places are called "Newbridge", and so many bridges, are called The New Bridge no matter when built because once upon a time that was accurate. All of which complicates all searches for new bridges. And when you do find new bridges that really do claim to be new bridges, it turns out I've seen almost all of them, and all the interesting ones.
Bridges | Social Media
A temporary RCM corridor – the inside and the outside
I visit the Royal College of Music quite a lot these days, thanks to GodDaughter2 studying there. There were those Bach Cantatas. Last Thursday there was a recital of songs by Women Composers, in which GD2 performed. And this evening, there was the RCMIOS (RCM International Opera School) production of Britten's Midsummer Night's Dream. All excellent.
It doesn't feel right taking lots of photos while in the place, but here was a snap that I both liked and didn't feel bad about taking:
They're hardly going to call that snooping, are they?
The RCM is a truly bizarre agglomeration of buildings. The corridors joining this bit of it to that bit of it are labyrinthine. I never know where I am, if only because I am usually following GD2 around the place, rather than finding my own way around.
Here is another snap I reckoned it okay to take, of some building work in progress:
The fact that both of these snaps feature things which are only temporary is what makes me think them not to be breaches of etiquette. I don't know if that's truly right, but it feels right to me.
However, the point of these two photos is, as I later (like: one hour ago) realised, that they are both photos of the same things. The first photo is the corridor from the inside, and the second photo, in addition to all that grubbing about in the earth at the bottom, also features the same corridor from the outside. The outside of a corridor is not normally something you get to see, is it?
The reason I found myself inside that corridor is that it is the temporary way of getting from the main part of the Royal College to the college bar and canteen. I took the above photo on my way from that bar and canteen to the main entrance of the College. I was on my own at the time.
Architecture | Classical music | Cranes | Friends | London | My photographs | Scaffolding | Technology
Wartime Encryption for Pigeons
As a Blackadder fan, I have long known about the use of pigeons during World War 1, to send messages. Pigeons like the one in this photo:
Twitter caption:
War Pigeons were very effectively deployed in the First World War. For instance, they carried messages, like the one being attached to a pigeon by Austro-Hungarian soldiers on the Isonzo Front, which can be seen in this picture.
Quite so. But what made me decide to post the above photo here was this exchange, in the comments.
"Liagson":
Were they normally encrypted?
Wayne Meyer:
They used WEP. Wartime Encryption for Pigeons. It was a very early wireless standard.
Blog and learn. Not only did I just discover that pigeon messages were – of course, they'd have to have been – encrypted. I also learned that you can link directly to individual Twitter comments.
And what better way could there to learn about the activities of birds than via Twitter?
Comedy | Comments | Europe | History | Other creatures | Social Media | Technology | Television | War
And another crowd scene (in a bookshop)
Earlier today, in the Derby branch of Waterstone's:
Standing on the staircase, top left, in a black dress, is Roz Watkins, speaking at the launch of her crime thriller, published today, The Devil's Dice.
I mention Roz and her book here because she is my niece. Another sign of getting old, to add to the collection: instead of boasting about elderly relatives who did great things in the past, e.g. WW2, you instead find yourself boasting about younger relatives who are doing great things now and who will probably do more great things in the future.
Roz sent me an advance copy of The Devil's Dice and I am happy to report that I agree with all those effusively admiring Amazon reviewers. Very absorbing, very well written. I am now working on a longer piece about this book for Samizdata, which I hope will go up there tomorrow. If not then, then soon.
Books | Business | Crime | Family | Getting old | Social Media
A talk by me to Libertarian Home
I gave a talk to Libertarian Home early in 2015, entitled What is the Libertarian Movement for?, and it is now up at the Libertarian Home website. A more accurate title for what I ended up saying would be more like: What the libertarian movement is and how to be part of it. It is more about how to do libertarianism than about why to do it, although that is implied.
What I said hasn't dated in the time since then, and this was one of the better speaking performances I've done, I think. Certainly better than the most recent talk I gave, at Christian Michel's on the subject of causation, about which, it turned out, I had very little more to say than this. Memo to self: now that the cold snap has ended, get a haircut. I have reached the age when I need to keep my hair short, the way it was in this video. The tramp look makes me look too much like a tramp.
My thanks to Jordan Lee for supplying a written summary of what I said.
Books | Friends | History | Libertarianism | Video
I love bridges and now I love bridge building even more
Bridges | China | Social Media | Technology | Video
Another crowd scene
Yes, here's another crowd scene, photoed later on the same expedition as I took that earlier crowd scene. (But don't follow that link. Quicker just to scroll down.)
We are now at Tate Modern. I'm there to get to the top of the extension tower and to photo London. But I pause briefly, to photo this scene:
And later, I chance upon this forgotten photo, and stop, and look, impressed.
I could expand upon the idea that Tate Modern is amusing for lots of people to be in, regardless of the "art" which is the supposed purpose of the building. For many, me included, this "art" is of no consequence. The place is what matters.
Although. Presumably someone thinks that those bits of metal in the foreground of the photo are art.
But I think I am thinking of something else, with this photo, and with that earlier one. What do I like about crowd scenes? In interesting places? Interestingly lit? With colourful backgrounds? I don't know.
I think it may be the agreeable sight of people who are all recognisably human, and all doing things that humans do, just as cows do what cows do or birds do what birds do. But, they each do these things in their own ways. They are not on parade. I like roof clutter for this sort of reason. A crowd is, you might say, a clutter of people. There are no rules about exactly how they must walk or stand or sit or sprawl. There are merely places where many people find it agreeable or necessary or convenient to be doing such things, but each in their own particular way and particular shape.
But, not sure yet.
Architecture | Art | London | My photographs | Roof clutter | Society
South Kensington roof clutter
Yes, some truly exceptional roof clutter, photoed by me today, just as it was starting to get dark. The buildings all so polite and proper looking, but then on the roof, they go mental:
There is even a bridge in there. That aerial with its big long arms is bizarre. Was with others so had no time to check out what all this stuff was on the roof of.
My thanks to the tree, at the front, for not having stupid leaves all over it, and thus not blocking out this wondrous view.
I find myself in the South Kensington are quite a lot these days, because that's where I often go to see and hear GodDaughter2 and her RCM pals performing. This time it was two Bach Cantatas. Very good, especially the absurdly young and talented tenor soloist. A first year undergrad, apparently.
Architecture | Bridges | Classical music | London | My photographs | Roof clutter | Technology
Blurring the face of the Big Prawn
In other face recognition news, the Sydney Morning Herald reports that the Big Prawn is having its face blurred out of photos on Google Maps.
The problem Google faced was that recognisable people with recognisable faces were showing up on Google Maps, owing to the accident of where they happened to be when the Google Maps photos happened to be taken. So, they introduced a face recognition programme with a difference. Every time a face was recognised to be a face, that face was blurred into unrecognisability in the final Google Maps photos.
And this also got done to the Big Prawn.
The Big Prawn is a giant sculpture, presumably an advert for a place where you can eat regular sized prawns. No, not according to Wikipedia. It's just a big prawn.
In Australia, it would seem that Big Thing means something different to what I mean by this phrase.
A cow also got its face blurred over.
Confining Cats and Other Creatures postings to Friday is becoming difficult. These days, as on this day, I often don't bother.
Australasia | Computer graphics | Other creatures | Sculpture | Software
Crowd and crowd shadows
I don't often photo crowds. This is because crowds are, typically, full of computer-recognisable faces. But, this crowd, photoed by me last October, wasn't:
Well, maybe a computer might make something of the two people right at the bottom, but the rest, surely not.
I came upon this yesterday. while looking for Other Creatures. We're looking upstream from the south end of the upstream Hungerford footbridge. The big metal stuff is the railway bridge in between those pedestrian bridges. To the left and behind, the Royal Festival Hall. Look ahead but up, through and above the railway bridge, and you see the Wheel.
London | My photographs | Software
Creature photos
A frog outside a supermarket in Brixton – a lion outside some flats off Sloane Square – a swan family at Alton in Hampshire – a sign at Battersea Park station – another swan at Walthamstow Wetlands – an octopus in a shop window – Boudicca's horse – a book about WW2 I must remember to get on Amazon – the horses on top of the Hippodrome next to Leicester Square tube:
This posting started out with just the top of the Hippodrome, and then I thought, I'll add some other carbon-based-organism-angled photos, of which there were a few more that I thought I'd include. But getting up to a convenient nine photos took longer than I expected. It turns out I don't photo creatures as often I thought I did, and as interestingly as I thought I did.
Architecture | Books | Cats and kittens | History | London | My photographs | Roof clutter | Sculpture | Signs and notices
But are we any happier?
A tweet reminded me about this wonderful rant from Louis CK:
That's the version of it, with dots inserted by him, that Steven Pinker quotes in his new book about the Enlightenment.
Pinker is concerned to explain why increasing affluence doesn't seem to make everyone ecstatically happy. Deidre McCloskey, in her Bourgeois trilogy, is fond of talking about how the Great Enrichment has made regular people as of now nearly three thousand percent richer. So, why aren't we three thousand percent happier? Because we don't seem to be.
Lots of reasons. First, you are happy not according to your absolute level of affluence, but rather according to how affluent you get to be and how meaningful your life gets to be compared to what you were expecting, and compared to how well everyone else seems to be doing, because that tells you how well you could reasonably have expected to do. You may well have been raised to expect quite a lot. Second, although technology hurtles along, for most this hurtling is both pleasing and rather unsettling, the less of the former and the more of the latter as time goes by. We don't experience, in our one little life, how much better things like Twitter are than is looking after cows, out of doors, all year round, with not enough food or heating. What we experience, as we get older, is how confusing things like Twitter are, or alternatively, if we ignore something like Twitter, how demoralising it is that it has defeated us and denied us its benefits. Or how tedious air travel is, compared to what we'd hoped for rather than compared to a horse drawn wagon in a desert. Yes, I live three thousand percent better than that wretched cowherd three hundred years ago, and if a time machine took away my life and gave me his life, I'd be three thousand percent more miserable. But that's not the same as me being three thousand percent happier than he was. Happier, yes, definitely. But not by that much.
It's because we don't feel that much happier that Louis CK has to rant, to remind us of how lucky we are. And that Steven Pinker has to write his book, to make the same point.
But what if progress continues to hurtle forwards? What if someone reads this posting, centuries from now, and he says: Good grief, those Twenty First Centurions were very easily satisfied. Five hours to get from New York to California?
It must have been hell.
Bits from books | Comedy | Economics | History | How the mind works | Social Media | Travel | USA


Moses was returning from spending forty days and nights alone in God's presence. There were no distractions, no agendas; it was just Moses in the Lord's presence, gaining wisdom and insight as to how God wanted the people to follow Him. God's radiance was evident on the face of Moses, because he had spent time alone in His presence. Though we may not light up a room reflecting the very glory of God, we should appear different, changed somehow – through the time we spend in prayer, in the Word, and in the intentional presence of our Savior. God out there, is now God with us, so we have all the more opportunity to reflect the radiance of the living Lord. May we invest our hearts and minds in time alone with Christ, so that we too, may reflect His radiance wherever we go.
so His truth we'll know.
Dear Heavenly Father, thank You that time with You is well spent. Thank You that the more time we spend in Your presence, the more we reflect Your heart to those around us. Forgive us for our lack of investment in our relationship with You, or for covering the countenance that You crafted within us to reflect Your glory. Teach us to trust You more, so that others may see and know that there is a difference in us, through You. Lead us to love others as You so lavishly love each of us. May many come into a lasting relationship with You. Be glorified Lord God, as we reflect Your radiance to those around us. Amen.
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Thomas Griffith Adams, Jr., 90, of Mount Savage, passed away Saturday, July 7, 2018 at Western Maryland Regional Medical Center, with his loving family by his side.
Born November 16, 1927 in Mount Savage to the late Thomas Griffith Adams, Sr. and Isabella (Mason) Adams.
In addition to his parents Tommy is preceded in death by his six siblings; Arraura Adams, George Adams, Gladys Adams, Mary Louise Schrock, Isabell Robison, and Patricia Williams. He is the last surviving member of his immediate family.
Tommy was an Army Veteran and a charter member of the Mason Dixon Lions Club, Kemp Lodge #154 AF&AM Masonic Lodge, Scottish Rite, and Ali Ghan Shriners. He retired from Goodyear, Kelly Springfield Tire Company after 39 years as a drafting and design engineer.
Surviving are his loving wife of 67 years, Mary Frances Adams; daughter, Marsha Lynn Clauson and husband Michael; grandson William Thomas Clauson (Will) and wife Emma, as well as numerous nieces and nephews.
A private grave side service will be held at Saint George's Episcopal Cemetery.
In lieu of flowers monetary donations can be directed to an organization of your choice in honor of Thomas G. Adams, Jr.


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[CHAPTER]: Lucien van der Walt, 2014, "Revolutionary Syndicalism, Communism and the National Question in South African Socialism, 1886-1928"
Lucien van der Walt Africa (other), Anarchism/ syndicalism, Chapters in books, Critiquing Marxism, From 2010+, Labour history, Race & national liberation struggles, South Africa September 13, 2014 February 14, 2017 2 Minutes
Lucien van der Walt, 2014, "Revolutionary Syndicalism, Communism and the National Question in South African Socialism, 1886-1928", in Steven J. Hirsch and Lucien van der Walt (eds.), (foreword by Benedict Anderson), 2014, Anarchism and Syndicalism in the Colonial and Postcolonial World, 1870-1940: the praxis of national liberation, internationalism, and social revolution, Brill Academic Publishers, Leiden, Studies in Global Social History , pp. 33-94.
Get the PDF here.
This chapter examines the manner in which anarchists and revolutionary syndicalists confronted the national question in South Africa, particularly during the 1910s, the period of unquestioned syndicalist hegemony on the revolutionary left. The national question centred on two main elements: the deep racial and national divisions in the country, and the national oppression of the African, Coloured and Indian majority.
I argue that local anarchists and syndicalists maintained a principled opposition to racial discrimination and oppression, and a principled commitment to the creation of a multiracial anti-capitalist, anti-statist movement. These positions constituted the irreducible core of the libertarians' approach to the national question— however, the most successful strategic/ tactical application of this approach was the activist-integrationist approach: this moved from analysis and principle to consistent and targeted efforts to mobilise African, Coloured, and Indian workers around both class and national issues. It enabled the construction, by 1921, of a genuinely multiracial revolutionary syndicalist movement, organised in a network of newspapers, unions and political groups, firmly committed to uniting the local working class to struggle simultaneously against the specific national oppression of the African, Coloured and Indian majority, and the capitalist exploitation and state domination of the whole working class, African, Coloured, Indian and white. The vehicle of this combined struggle was generally envisaged as a revolutionary interracial One Big Union on the model of the Industrial Workers of the World (the IWW) — this was to be the proletarian forge in which a common society embracing all, regardless of colour, would be created. The aim of the working class revolution was not to constitute an independent national state. It was to overcome national and class inequality through the working class battle to constitute a self-managed libertarian socialist "Industrial Republic," which would also form "an integral part of the International Industrial Republic".
This vision has been obscured by the misrepresentations of the pre-Communist Party of South Africa left practiced by the influential "Communist school" of labour and left history. It is also fundamentally at odds with the two-stage strategy identified with the Communist Party from 1928 onwards, which envisages the establishment of an independent, democratic and capitalist republic as a stage towards a socialist order. This Communist Party strategy assumes the necessity and desirability of delinking anti-colonial and class struggles, and tends to conflate national liberation with nationalism. By contrast, the One Big Union against national oppression, capitalism and the state, would fuse national liberation and social revolution, both in immediate struggle and as a final project, thus simultaneously addressing the national and social questions. It poses a solution to the national question that is anti-nationalist, since it rejects key precepts of nationalism: formation of a nation-state (for anti-statism), cross-class alliances within the nation (for class struggle), and national exclusivity (for popular class internationalism).
Published September 13, 2014 February 14, 2017
Previous Post [CHAPTER]: Hirsch and van der Walt, 2010, "Final Reflections: the vicissitudes of anarchist and syndicalist trajectories, 1940 to the present"
Next Post [ANALYSIS]: Lucien van der Walt, 1997, "L'Afrique du Sud apres l'apartheid"
One thought on "[CHAPTER]: Lucien van der Walt, 2014, "Revolutionary Syndicalism, Communism and the National Question in South African Socialism, 1886-1928""
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Reblogged this on Sindelo The Genius.


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This #WorldTourismDay, trace India's historical timeline digitally.
by extramarks - Academics - September 27, 2018
Every year, 27th September is internationally observed as the World Tourism Day by the United Nations World Tourism Organisation. This day is celebrated with the purpose of raising awareness about the role of tourism and its social, cultural, economic and political effects worldwide. Every year, the UNWTO decides on a theme for this day to highlight the recent trends in tourism. This year's theme for World Tourism Day is 'Tourism and the Digital Transformation.'
The use of technologies such as, 'Internet of Things,' artificial intelligence, location-based services, and augmented & virtual reality have made tourism more attractive, inclusive and socially, environmentally and economically sustainable. Many innovations have also facilitated historical exploration, making it more experiential, interactive and fun.
India is a country of rich cultural heritage, boasting of hundreds of rulers of both Indian and foreign descent. A melting pot of different religions, cultures and traditions, India is home to many tourist attractions that are visited by millions of people from around the world. In 2017, 10.18 million foreign tourists arrived in India, generating an income of 180,379 crores in foreign exchange. The country boasts of 37 UNESCO World Heritage Sites and 1 of the 7 wonders of the world, Taj Mahal.
Here's a brief look at the history of India through the prominent historical monuments from different eras:
LOTHAL – Built during India's very first civilisation, the Harappa Civilisation (3300-1300 BC), this ancient site is situated in present-day Gujarat. Lothal was a thriving trade centre and had the world's earliest known dock on the banks of the Sabarmati river. Today, you can visit these ruins and the various objects like potteries, jewelry and toys pertaining to this period.
1. SANCHI STUPA – Situated in Madhya Pradesh, this Buddhist monument was built by Emperor Ashoka of the Maurya empire (322-180 BC). It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, where you can see the relics of Lord Buddha and many of his followers. It is a revered site for archaeologists and scholars studying the Mauryan and Buddhist era.
2. NALANDA –Nalanda was built by the Guptas (319-590 CE) as a Buddhist monastery where scholars and students from around the world came to study the Vedas. The ruins of Nalanda still exist in Bihar and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
3. QUTUB MINAR – In the 13th century, Delhi was invaded by many foreign dynasties, the first of which was the Slave Dynasty (1206-1290 CE), founded by Qutub-ud-din Aibak. Qutub Minar, established by Aibak, is the world's tallest minaret made of bricks with 5 superposed storeys. This minaret is part of the Qutub Complex, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, that also houses other historical monuments like the Quwat-ul-Islam Mosque and the much older Iron Pillar.
4. TAJ MAHAL – The Lodhis were followed by the Mughals (1526-1857), who ruled most of India. Taj Mahal is one of the most popular Mughal monuments in India. Commissioned by Shah Jahan, it is an ivory-white marble mausoleum built in the memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal.
5. VICTORIA MEMORIAL – The British Rule (1858-1947) introduced modern architecture and technology to India. They built various palaces and buildings, one of which is the Victoria Memorial in Kolkata, a memorial monument to Queen Victoria and a national gallery. Other popular monuments of that period are India Gate, Rashtrapati Bhavan and the Parliament House.
Like captured in the theme of the day, the landscape of tourism is going through a major transformation through digital integration. The same is the case with education. Extramarks is at the forefront of this transformation, where it has incorporated digital technologies like AR/VR and gamification in education, hence simplifying concepts and making dull subjects like history, more engaging and interesting.
Even if you cannot get travelling today, delve into the fascinating world of heritage and monuments with Extramarks, right from the comfort of your home.


Web application and database security remains one of the most vulnerable areas across federal agencies as well as the private sector in virtually every geography and business vertical. An essential difference between enterprises and federal agencies is the attacker. Attacks on federal agencies are generally not financially motivated, they are political. The attackers often have military or intelligence agency level funding and support thus substantially increasing the threat level.
Irrespective of attacks from inside or outside an organization data remains the prize. Traditional network security controls while valuable and necessary simply don't scale to address data-centric attacks, and organizations need to augment them with data-centric solutions focused on the targets: Web applications and databases. But federal agencies are not just focused on security – they also need to demonstrate compliance to both agency and congressional mandates.


The Department of Labor (DOL) announced the final changes to the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA). If you have salaried (exempt) workers, your business will likely be impacted by these new regulations, so start preparing now! Please join us for a free webinar presented by our HR experts! We are offering this exclusive webinar to our clients because we know this is a growing concern for business owners.
Learn more about the new FLSA regulations and how you can start preparing on our blog.
Please contact Kim Troup for more information.


Interested in licensing the music of Arona Mane?
Revered as one of Australia and New Zealand's most respected and in-demand music producers, Aaron (aka Arona) has achieved what only few could dare to imagine. As the proud recipient of a Platinum plaque for co-writing and producing credits on hip hop artist Savage's No. 1 US hit single 'Swing', Mane continues to make waves on both sides of the pacific, adding the likes of Pitbull, Lil Jon and Soulja Boy to his growing production resume.
For this Sydney-based producing powerhouse, the year 2015 saw him engage the music industry with his constant stream of smooth, '80s-tinged, funked-out remixes, edits and original beats that quickly gained traction. Success quickly following with the release of his single 'Things You Do', which premiered on Triple J's Friday Night Shuffle, then making its way across the pond to Hollywood and onto the hugely celebrated HBO series 'Ballers'. His single 'P.O.T.G.S' cemented itself on a Victoria Secret AD Campaign and opened up further opportunities internationally for Mane, whose career continues to grow from strength to strength.
Following the success of 'Things You Do', Mane dropped his debut EP '2096: Retrofuture' in June of 2016, with a hyped-up collection of tracks that were already stacking up and over 2,000,000 plays on Soundcloud. His original works such as 'Things You Do', 'Teardrops' and 'P.O.T.G.S' have been championed by Spotify, with the latter receiving a coveted spot on its New Music Playlists and over 1,000,000 streams upon its release, reaching the Top Ten of the Hype Machine charts.
The '2096' album introduced the hardworking producer's sound and style to the global music community, showcasing a variety of inspirations ranging from Hip-Hop to Funk, House to Disco. After selling north of two million units in North America, a re-imagined version of Swing by Melbourne prodigy Joel Fletcher took the nation by storm. The electronic rework cemented itself in ARIA history, reaching Triple Platinum status and earning Mane an APRA Award for Dance Recording of The Year.
More strings to Mane's bow also include having completed his first solo Australian tour in 2017, which launched him into the dance music festival circuit with his 1st show being Groovin the Moo in 2018.
With the likes of Hypetrak, Dancing Astronaut, Earmilk, Stoney Roads, Nylon Mag and Pilerats (who dubbed him "Australia's answer to Kaytranada") amongst Mane's most vocal supporters, with internationally acclaimed Diplo enlisting Mane for the BBC Radio 1 premiered Major Lazer remix, in addition to the inclusion of two of his latest releases on the Diplo & Friends show.
Currently working on his next solo project, it is safe to say that the genius of Arona Mane has well and truly arrived!


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Home Newsletters The scary reality of manipulated videos, plus Pew's TV numbers and a new press secretary
The scary reality of manipulated videos, plus Pew's TV numbers and a new press secretary
Photo courtesy of The Washington Post.
June 26, 2019 Tom Jones
This is the Poynter Institute's daily newsletter. To have it delivered to your inbox Monday-Friday, click here.
Good morning. Big day today. The Democrats hold the first of their presidential primary debates and we have a new White House press secretary. I'll get to that, but I want to start with an impressive and important project by The Washington Post.
Do my eyes deceive me?
The Washington Post spent six months on an interactive fact-checker's guide to manipulated video.
It might be the biggest threat to the truth we currently face, and it could have a huge impact on the 2020 election and beyond. Just ask The Washington Post's Nadine Ajaka.
"I don't want to be alarmist, but the threat posed by fake video is indeed very real," she told me in an email. "Most people think about deepfakes as the most sinister form of manipulation, but there are many other, more common ways that video can be manipulated and the effects can be very far-reaching."
As a senior producer for video platforms for the Post, Ajaka was part of a six-month project to fight one of the biggest threats to the truth. The interactive piece — Seeing Isn't Believing — is a fact-checker's guide to manipulated video. The incredible work from a team of seven Post journalists — including Glenn Kessler and Post video verification editor Elyse Samuels — has video examples of how what you're seeing might not be true. From the Nancy Pelosi "drunk" video to the Jim Acosta "push" of a White House intern to a video of a fake Mark Zuckerberg, the Post shows all the ways in which videos can be altered to distort the truth.
"When we started researching, we found that there were many instances just since the 2016 election where video has been manipulated and used in attempts to sway public opinion," Ajaka said. "Now, the 2020 campaign is happening online, and increasingly through video. It's crucial to hold creators and sharers of misleading video accountable. Let's be honest, these videos are not meant to reach journalists, they are meant to mislead the public."
Ajaka said there was no one video that sparked the project, but a culmination of disturbing examples. And it isn't just the videos, but the reaction to them.
"The doctored video of Nancy Pelosi was troubling," Ajaka said. "Anyone with access to basic video editing software could do that. And the fact that it didn't get taken down until it had garnered millions of views was even more disturbing."
In the end, Ajaka said she hopes readers will be smarter and question what they're seeing. She said she also knows that a project that took half a year might just be getting started.
"First and foremost, this guide is for our readers," Ajaka said. "We built the classification system so that it could be added to over time and evolve as new technologies get incorporated, and we expect it to grow."
Speaking of eyes …
A new Pew study reveals that cable viewership is up, network news audiences stayed flat and local suffered losses.
(APStock)
The Pew Research Center came out Tuesday with its annual look at cable TV, local TV and network news. The highlights:
Viewership increased in 2018 for the big three cable news channels: CNN, Fox News and MSNBC. The increase was about 8% in primetime with an average of 1.25 million viewers. Daytime viewing was up about 5% to an average viewership of 822,000.
Viewership for the three major network evening news broadcasts (ABC, CBS, NBC) was relatively flat, with an average of 5.3 million viewers in 2018 compared to 5.2 million in 2017. The morning shows saw a 4% decline with an average of 3.2 million viewers.
The Sunday morning TV news shows on ABC, CBS, Fox and NBC saw an 8% drop to about 2.3 million average viewers.
Viewership of local news in the morning, evening and late night saw an overall 10% drop in 2018 with midday and prime time seeing a whopping 19% decline in viewership.
Another interesting tidbit from the Pew study is how many are working in TV news and how much they are making.
Collecting data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics' Occupational Employment Statistics, Pew said that in 2018, cable TV news had about 2,700 employees, which included reporters, editors, photographers, camera operators and film/video editors. The median wage for editors was about $62,000 per year, followed by reporters ($53,000), camera operators and film/video editors ($49,000) and photographers ($47,000).
About 29,000 employees worked as reporters, editors, photographers or film and video editors in local broadcast TV newsrooms in 2018. Median wages for editors were about $57,000, followed by reporters ($55,000), film and video editors and camera operators ($55,000) and photographers ($46,000).
A tough act to follow? Challenge accepted!
Those hoping a new White House press secretary would be less adversarial to the press might be disappointed.
New White House press secretary Stephanie Grisham in Washington, D.C., on Tuesday. (AP Photo/Jacquelyn Martin)
When Sarah Sanders announced she was stepping down as White House press secretary earlier this month, there was rejoicing among some in the media who had grown tired of Sanders' combative relationship with the press. But her replacement might be just as adversarial.
The early returns on new press secretary and director of communications Stephanie Grisham is that she is a staunch defender of President Donald Trump and First Lady Melania Trump and has criticized the media for its coverage of Mrs. Trump. (Grisham was and will continue to be the First Lady's communications director.)
CNN's Kate Bennett reported that Sanders didn't want Grisham to replace her. She was pushing for deputy White House press secretary Hogan Gidley as recently as Monday night. But a White House source told Bennett that Trump wanted someone he considered to be a part of his "inner circle." Grisham has been a part of Trump's team since 2015 when she joined his campaign. According to CNN, only aide Dan Scavino has been in Trump's White House longer than Grisham.
The big question for now is if Grisham will reinstitute regular official White House briefings. The last one was March 11. Sanders' last day is Friday, but Grisham is scheduled to travel with Trump to Japan this week for the G-20 summit.
Texas Monthly's new billionaire owner says she's committed to supporting the magazine's mission and legacy.
Texas Monthly has been sold to Houston billionaire Randa Duncan Williams. (Photos courtesy Texas Monthly)
For this item, I turn it over to Poynter.org managing editor Barbara Allen:
For those in the Lone Star state, Texas Monthly has long been an arbiter of tastes and trends, from politics to food. Specializing in longform narratives and lush design, the magazine is beloved by its readers and counts 13 National Magazine Awards (the magazine world's version of the Pulitzers) to its credit.
On Tuesday, the magazine announced that billionaire oil and gas heiress Randa Duncan Williams bought the magazine, emphasizing her long-term commitment to the publication that she said she's read and admired since she was a teenager.
"My family is delighted to provide the resources to support this iconic Texas institution which is nationally recognized for its editorial flair," she said in a release.
Texas Monthly's site claims a paid circulation of 300,000 and readership of 2.1 million people each month — "one out of 10 Texas adults."
We spoke to editor Dan Goodgame about the handoff.
Keeping it the Sunshine State
Six Florida newsrooms are collaborating on climate change reporting.
A monitor at the National Hurricane Center in Miami in 2010. (AP Photo/J Pat Carter)
Six Florida newsrooms are combining forces to cover and share stories about climate change: The Miami Herald, the South Florida Sun Sentinel, the Tampa Bay Times, The Palm Beach Post, the Orlando Sentinel and WLRN Public Media.
In a statement, Sun Sentinel and Orlando Sentinel editor Julie Anderson said, "This is an opportunity to maximize our ability to cover the biggest story of our lives — the threat of climate change."
The six outlets are already sharing ideas, such as:
The dangers and solutions of increasingly destructive hurricanes accelerated by warming seas.
The climate effects on Florida's $104 billion agriculture economy, and the ripple effect on the country.
The future of coastal towns and cities — which ones survive, which ones go under, and which inland cities gain from the migration.
More organizations could eventually join the network. Tampa Bay Times executive editor Mark Katches said, "We are exploring ways to build this partnership to include universities and nonprofit newsrooms in addition to the partners now in the fold."
Katches wrote a column about the collaboration in the Tampa Bay Times.
Disclosure: Poynter owns the Tampa Bay Times.
Passings: Steve Dunleavy
The New York Post writer and columnist was an old-school journalism legend.
Legendary New York Post writer and columnist Steve Dunleavy has died of unknown causes. He was 81. Post owner Rupert Murdoch said, "Steve Dunleavy was one of the greatest reporters of all time."
The Post described him as "the hard-hitting, hard-drinking journalist who helped define The New York Post." He also was a correspondent on the syndicated tabloid-TV news show "A Current Affair."
The Post's obituary remembered some of Dunleavy's most famous stories, including exclusive interviews with the Boston Strangler, the mother of Robert Kennedy assassin Sirhan Sirhan and Elvis Presley's bodyguards who told Dunleavy about Elvis' addition to drugs.
The Post also recalled the time Dunleavy's foot was broken when it was run over by a snow plow and rival New York journalist Pete Hamill quipped, "I hope it wasn't his writing foot."
What's not debatable
Here's what to expect from Poynter's upcoming debate coverage.
Poynter's PolitiFact will be live fact-checking the Democratic presidential primary debates tonight and Thursday. PolitiFact's Katie Sanders will be in Miami. Also, I'll be providing highlights, lowlights and lookbacks at the moderators and media from the debates here in the newsletter on Thursday and Friday.
Hot type
A list of great journalism and intriguing media.
Anthony Bourdain in 2016. (Photo by Richard Shotwell/Invision/AP, File)
The late Anthony Bourdain would have turned 63 on Tuesday. Esquire's editors recall their favorite stories about him.
Speaking of Esquire, Charles Pierce slams media members who turned out for farewell drinks with outgoing White House press secretary Sarah Sanders. The New York Times' Shawn McCreesh wrote about it, too.
Writing for Poynter's The Cohort, Laura Bertocci shares her ideas for how to create local communities for women in media.
Poynter's Ren LaForme goes inside The Washington Post's new travel site, By The Way.
Have feedback or a tip? Email Poynter senior media writer Tom Jones at tjones@poynter.org.
Upcoming Poynter training:
Fundamentals of Investigative Journalism (online seminar). Early-bird deadline: July 15.
A Roadmap for Successful News Partnerships (webinar). Aug. 1 at 2 p.m. Eastern time.
Want to get this briefing in your inbox? Sign up here.
Follow us on Twitter and on Facebook.


Late summer is one of the best times in the northeast because it seems like everything is in season! So we capture the best of that and turn it into a soup, naturally. Studded with vegetables and packed with flavor, this soup is great as a starter or as a meal by itself!
Heirloom cherry tomato, zucchini, yellow squash, red onion, heirloom carrot, garlic, red onion, lima bean, spinach, water, salt, pepper, olive oil.


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Duck typing är ett koncept inom objektorienterad programmering. Det är en tillämpning av anktestet, det vill säga, om det går som en anka och kvackar som en anka då måste det vara en anka. Testet används för att avgöra om ett objekt kan användas i en viss operation. Vid normal typning bestäms lämpligheten av ett objekts datatyp. Vid duck typing bestäms ett objekts lämplighet av förekomsten av vissa metoder och egenskaper snarare än själva objektets datatyp.

Referenser

Objektorienterad programmering

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


long and 70 inches to 156 inches in diameter.
rails that can be positioned anywhere on the machine.
center will be re-controlled and mechanically tuned when purchased.
Turning, milling, drilling, reaming, etc.


Grupo Capoeira Brasil San Francisco's 7th Batizado will take place Nov 4th – 8th 2015, supervised by Mestre Paulinho Sabiá.
For more details and to keep up with the latest updates join the event page on Facebook.
Visit us at 3906 Irving St., between 40th and 41st Ave.
Copyright Capoeira Brasil San Francisco - Formando Aranha. All Rights Reserved.


Head Custodian Basehor-Linwood Currently seeking a full-time Head Custodian.
Pay starts at $12.50 per hour. Paid holidays and benefits.
Basehor-Linwood USD 458 is located in southern Leavenworth County. The District contains 90 square miles and incorporates the cities of Basehor and Linwood. The resident student population is just over 1,900 students. In addition, Basehor-Linwood Virtual School enrolls around 200 students.