text:
Matthijs de Ligt Career 2022 – Family, Girlfriend, House, Car Collection, Awards, Bio, Net Worth, Income & Unknown Facts
Matthijs de Ligt is a Dutch professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Serie A club Juventus and the Netherlands National Team. On 21 September 2016, De Ligt made his debut for Ajax's senior team in a cup game against Willem ll.
Full Name: Matthijs de Ligt
Nickname: "The Total Defender"
Date of Birth: 12 August 1999 (age 22 years)
Birthday Place: Leiderdorp, Netherlands
Hometown: Leiderdorp
Nationality: Dutch
National Team: Netherlands National Team
Playing Position: Centre-Back
2005 – 2009: Abcoude
2009 – 2016: Ajax
2016 – 2017: Jong Ajax, Match 17 Goal 1
2016 – 2019: Ajax, Match 77 Goals 8
2014 – 2015: Netherlands U15, Match 5
2015 – 2016: Netherlands U17, Match 14 Goal 1
2016 – Netherlands U19, Match 6
2017 – Netherlands
Shoe Size: 10 US
Father: Frank de Ligt
Mother: Vivian de Ligt
Brother: Fleur de Ligt
Brother: Wouter de Ligt
Girlfriend: Annick Diekman
Best Friend: Frenkie de Jong
Hobbies: Playing Video Game and Swimming
Qualifications Not Known
Facebook Fan: https://www.facebook.com/Matthijs4DeLigt
Twitter Fan: https://twitter.com/mdeligt_04
Instagram Fan: https://www.instagram.com/mdeligt_/
Range Rover Autobiography
Ferrari 488 Italy
Mercedes Benz AMG G63
Matthijs de Ligt House in Amsterdam, Netherlands
Matthijs de Ligt House
Favorite Food: Dutch Food Recipes
Favorite Superhero: Thor
Favorite Website: Facebook or Twitter and Instagram
Favorite Footballer: Cristiano Ronaldo
Favorite Politician: Mark Rutte
Favorite Movie: Thor Series
Favorite Flower: Red Rose
Favorite Holiday Destinations: Manchester or Barcelona
De Ligt is 21 years old as of 2021, he was born on 12 august 1999, and his birth sign is Leo.
Matthijs is Currently is a relationship with his lovely girlfriend, Annick Diekman. She is a hockey player who currently plays for HC Athena, a club in Amsterdam. It is known that the pair have been together since mid-2014.
Matthijs plays as a center-back for Serie A club Juventus. Likewise, he plays the Netherlands National Team.
In March 2017 De ligt Becane the youngest player to play for the Dutch national tem side since the year 1931, in a 2018 FIFA World Cup Qualification Match against Bulgaria which they lost. He featured in the 2019 UEFA Nations League, player in all group games and the final.
Thanks for visiting my WordPress Article. If you have any other useful information about Matthijs de Ligt which you didn't find above, please share with us by commenting below. We always value and respect your precious suggestions and ideas. Have a good day.
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Discussion in 'The Sound Hound Lounge' started by soulohio, May 6, 2016.
I have a sale for an amplifier and the buyer wants to use Paypal. They also mentioned to put them on the insurance for the loss payee. Should I do this?
This is not an eBay or Reverb sale. Private sale. I will require a signature. Any other advice?
Buyer is probably just doing this to protect themselves on a high dollar item. If they pay cash and the amp stops working a week later, they're basically out of luck. If they go through paypal and the amp stops working, they can file a claim through paypal and you will be required to refund their money.
you are shipping the item?
NamaEnsou and Blanket Jackson like this.
This. Otherwise you could potentially be out of amp and money should anything go wrong.
Two words - "as is", and give him 48 hour trail period (which is really generous IMHO, especially in the non-Winter).
The amp needs serviced as it has the original 20 year old caps. Buyer knows this. I could write this on the invoice.
You should probably use the terms "as is" and "no warranty implied". Include the S/N.
It's always a good idea to make video of you using the product before packaging it, where you also have the serial number shown.
PayPal is very buyer friendly so don't leave any loose ends that could be misconstrued.
Craigslist is for in person cash exchanges. If you are doing it another way you are doing it wrong.
it is not a Craigslist sale. long distance. There is prior history of contact for the sale and we have spoken. The buyer seems OK and I believe was referred by a TGP member. I could not complete a deal before now.
Good info, but irrelevant to this discussion.
True, I missed that and apologize to the OP.
Write everything on an invoice and send that for him to pay. Include your return policy. With no policy Paypal will side with the buyer.
the Paypal terms of service supersede any deal between you two.
Wires/transfers (bank to bank) are the best way to go, IME.
have a return policy (of up to 6 months) whether you like it or not if you use Paypal.
Paypal demands a 6 month return policy on a used 20+ year old amplifier?
Then you wouldn't sell to me. A wire transfer costs $25 at my bank, and I might as well send a wad of cash in an envelope. I have no protection.
At some point sellers and buyers need to have some level of trust. Otherwise, sell locally.
I wouldn't put the buyer on the insurance because you are the shipper/insurer. The seller pays for the insurance and, if something happens in shipping, it's the shipper who has to file a claim...otherwise, having the buyer on the insurance might throw a monkey wrench into their system resulting in denial of a claim, and the buyer could end up with the amp and the cash. Sounds too risky to me.
Since I don't know what a Square account is - no.
It's a very simple way to be able to take credit cards, in person or over the phone/internet.
Google Square Up, I'd post a link, but I'm not sure if I'm supposed to.


text:
Welcome to Global Skills Park Bhopal. First Merit list is out, to check the details ! click here! The Registration for admission from 15th April 2019 to 31st May 2019. Foundation Laid on 3rd July 2017.
"Bridge the Void" between basic training and emerging needs of industry and economy.
The GSP benchmarks quality skills training institutions in order to arrive at desired competency standards.
The park will be spread in 34 acre land, which has been allotted in Narela Shankari area of Bhopal.
Benefits Of GSP
Provision of international joint certification, placement, overall development and much more...
ITE Education Singapore
GET 100 COURSES FOR FREE
Tech you how to build a complete learning management system upcoming education for student
WE'RE GOOD AT some member
Courses Complete
Students Enrolled
About Global Skills Park
The foundation stone of the country's biggest Global Skill Park was laid in Bhopal jointly by Union Minister of State for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship and Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister Shri. Shivraj Singh Chouhan.
The park will come up on 34 acre land allotted in Narela Shankari area of Bhopal. It will be established with the support of Institute of Technical Education Education Services Singapore (ITEES).
Global Skill Park is India's first international skilling institution to Provide international infrastructure facility with world class industrial machines, equipment & tools and international teachers of industrial training under one roof.
Some Key features of GSP: -
International Training Method with On-Job trainings.
World Class Industrial Machinery, Tools & Equipment's.
State of art classrooms, workshops and other facilities for students.
Partnership with Institute of Technical Education Singapore for course curriculum and teacher training.
The Raja Bhoj International Airport is located near the suburb of Bairagad and is the primary airport serving the state of Madhya Pradesh, India
There are three routes or ways to reach the airport: (1) Via Bairagad, (2) Via Panchvati, (3) Via Gandhi nagar road (N.H 12). From within the city, VIP Road, a four lane road takes one to the airport, which lies 15 km to the north of the city. International flights began operations in 2010. Domestic direct flight services are operated by Jet Airways, JetKonnect, Alliance Air and Air India. As of November 2017, Bhopal had non-stop flights to New Delhi, Mumbai, Lucknow and Raipur and direct flights to Jaipur and Hyderabad. There is only one seasonal international flight from Bhopal and that is to Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and is used mainly by Hajj pilgrims.
National Highway No.12 passes through Bhopal which connects it to Jabalpur in the East and Jaipur in the West. National Highway 86 connects Bhopal to Sagar in the East to Dewas & Ujjain in the West. State Highway 17 connects the city with Indore.
An interstate bus terminus is located near the Habibganj railway station, called the Kushabhau Thakre Inter State Bus Terminal which was inaugurated in 2011.
Bhopal lies in the West Central Railway Zone. Considering both North-South and East-West train routes, it is one of the most rail connected cities in India which halts more than 200 daily trains, with a total of more than 380 trains within a week. The main stations of Bhopal are the Bhopal Junction station located in old Bhopal as well as Bhopal Habibganj station located in new Bhopal. Both of the stations are equipped with WiFi, has enough waiting halls, refreshment center, passenger ticket counter and ticket vending machines, vehicle parking, communication facility, sanitary facility and dedicated Government Railway Police force to ensure security. Altogether the city has six railway stations within its city limits.
The Bhopal Junction station as well as Bhopal Habibganj station are selected along with 47 other railway stations to emerge as The World Class Railway Station. While the work has already started on development of Bhopal Habibganj as the first world class railway station of India. The Bhopal Junction and Bhopal Habibganj have already received ISO 9001:2000 CERTIFICATE.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
package com.baidu.oped.apm.plugin.tomcat;

import com.baidu.oped.apm.bootstrap.context.MethodDescriptor;
import com.baidu.oped.apm.common.trace.MethodType;

/**
 *
 * @author jaehong.kim
 *
 */
public class ServletSyncMethodDescriptor implements MethodDescriptor {
    private int apiId = 0;
    private int type = MethodType.WEB_REQUEST;

    @Override
    public String getMethodName() {
        return "";
    }

    @Override
    public String getClassName() {
        return "";
    }

    @Override
    public String[] getParameterTypes() {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public String[] getParameterVariableName() {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public String getParameterDescriptor() {
        return "()";
    }

    @Override
    public int getLineNumber() {
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    @Override
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        return ServletSyncMethodDescriptor.class.getName();
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    @Override
    public void setApiId(int apiId) {
        this.apiId = apiId;
    }

    @Override
    public int getApiId() {
        return apiId;
    }

    @Override
    public String getApiDescriptor() {
        return "Tomcat Servlet Process";
    }

    public int getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public void setType(int type) {
        this.type = type;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Go Green Batteries are a growing company which has become one of the biggest and most trusted sellers of rechargeable batteries and small electronics on ebay. Our new website is packed with a wide range of products including rechargeable batteries, high performance batteries, battery chargers, torches and detailed product information. Our team are here to provide advice on getting the most from your rechargeable batteries and we have tips to save energy and help the environment.


text:
HomeHealthGhana: First Lady Calls Strict Adherence to HIV Treatment to Reduce Infection Among Children
/health
Ghana: First Lady Calls Strict Adherence to HIV Treatment to Reduce Infection Among Children
By Lawrence Markwei And Abigail Annoh
The First Lady, Mrs Rebecca Akufo-Addo has made a strong case for the strict adherence to HIV treatment to reduce transmissions particularly among infants in the country.
Expressing worry over an estimated 3,400 new HIV infections among children under 14 years across the country in 2017, according to a UNAIDS report, the First Lady, asked that support systems were strengthened to ensure infected pregnant women adhered to medications to prevent transmission to babies.
She was speaking at the opening of the 13th International Conference on HIV Treatment, Pathogenesis and Prevention Research in Resource Limited Settings, in Accra, yesterday.
The four-day conference, gathering over 700 participants from 45 countries across the globe to share research into wide range of HIV related topics while adopting best practices among countries in tackling the disease, is being hosted in Accra for the first time.
Mrs Akufo-Addo held that "every child born to an HIV positive mother should be screened for the disease within the first six weeks of life and followed up according to national protocol. Any child who tests positive at any time during the follow up should be initiated on antiretroviral therapy as soon as possible."
In line with learning from past experiences and practices in other countries, the First Lady charged the Ghana Health Service to have a "reporting system" to identify every single infant infected with HIV to ensure continuum of care.
"We need to understand whether the mother attended antenatal clinic, tested for HIV, was offered and adhered to antiretroviral drugs and practised exclusive breastfeeding so that we fine-tune our programme as we move towards elimination of paediatric HIV," she maintained.
In a presentation on progress made in HIV prevention and treatment on Sub-Saharan Africa, UNAIDS Country Representative to Uganda, Karusa Kiragu noted that despite advancement made in putting HIV patients on treatment across the sub-region, the issue of identifying infected persons remained a challenge.
In line with achieving the 90-90-90 target for HIV/AIDS control by 2020, Ms Kiragu disclosed that as of end of 2017, 75 per cent of people living with HIV knew their status, 79 per cent were accessing treatment while 81 per cent of those accessing treatment were virally suppressed.
"We are however missing HIV testing among children," she noted, stressing the need for governments to "demonstrate political courage and put the last mile first because, we will not succeed if we do not find means of reaching the marginalised."
"As we make progress, more emphasis will need to be placed on optimising retention and adherence, innovative financing, data driven implementation and leverage on regional economic communities," she advised.
The Minister of Health, Kwaku Agyeman-Manu could not agree more on the need to accelerate efforts in tackling the HIV burden to beef up gains made "as we go in for more complex interventions."
"Let us go back to the basic rules of abstinence, condom use and staying faithful to a partner as the guiding principles to combating the disease," he urged.
Source link : https://allafrica.com/stories/201905150519.html
Tags:health
Ghana: Two Traders Owe Ho Municipal Assembly Gh¢180,000
Ghana: UCC JHS Wins 3rd National Core Subject Quiz
Malawi: Communities Adhering to Nutrition and Hygiene Practices
Nigeria: No Ebola in Nigeria, Says Govt
East Africa: Debt, Deficit and a Monetary Union Conundrum in EA's Expanded Budgets
Kenya: Back Small Enterprises to Better Boost Jobs and Economic Growth
Uganda: Bou Currency Saga – Three Officials Rearrested
Kenya: Banks Have Role in Clean, Open Procurement
South Africa: 'Azania' Activist's Malicious Damage to Property Case Continues
FIFA puts Samoura in job running African soccer amid scandal – Raleigh News & Observer
Egypt: Sudanese Professionals Association Meets UAE, Egypt, EU Ambassadors
Sudan: Demonstrations in Khartoum for Civilian Government


AND GET YOUR PRESCRIPTION REFILL NOW!
It might be hard to believe, but the rich morning brew that so many cling to on their long commute to work has now been linked to genetics rather than a taste for the bitter roast. Meta-analysis completed by The Harvard School of Public Health as well as the Bringham and Women's Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts have found biological and genetic reasons why the effects of coffee feel different to different people. While it's true that not everybody will try it or like it in their lifetime, there are millions across the globe who enjoy it on a regular basis, each taking something different from this morning time beverage.
In the past, caffeine has been studied in regards to genetic mechanisms driving the way that individuals react to the drug, but this latest case blows the whole idea wide open and gives proof that there is something here to really think about. In 2006, there were studies published in JAMA, showing the profiles of coffee drinkers at a genetic level, and whether drinking a lot of coffee has negative or positive effects on the human heart. The study at that time was conducted by the University of Toronto, which is located in Ontario, Canada. It found that one gene that is actually the cause of slow metabolisms for caffeine in certain individuals had a thirty-six percent higher risk of having a heart attack at some point throughout their life if three or more cups of coffee were consumed per day. They found this information by comparison this data between the same gene carrying participants who only consumed one cup each day. Other gene types relating to the metabolism of caffeine had a lowered risk for the same issue with higher intakes of coffee each day.
Researchers also found that two other genes, GCKR and MLXIPL had, for the very first time, an association with the neurological and metabolic effects of the drug, caffeine. Research associate and lead author of this case, Marilyn Cornelis from the Department of Nutrition at Harvard's School of Public Health said that the findings allowed the team to identify subgroups of drinkers who would benefit from an increase in consumption of coffee in relation to a healthier life based on genetics.
This may lead to numerous other studies in the future that aim to better understand the choice that coffee drinkers make and how it affects their mental and social behaviors as well as their physical health.
Coffee also has some unique nutritional characteristics that can lead to a happier and healthier body, aside from its effect on your metabolism and its ability to give you the energy that you need for a run. Some coffee lovers don't actually drink the brew, but instead, use the grinds as part of a skin regimen that allows for better circulation and a glow of fresh skin after exfoliation.
WARNING: Limitations of Online Doctor/Medical Consultations and Online Prescriptions, ExpressMedRefills cannot Prescribe, Dispense, or Resell any and all Narcotics/Controlled Substances (this policy is fully enforced by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)) for Pain, Anxiety, Weightloss, Sleep, ADHD/ADD including non-controlled substances or any medications that are considered controversial or recalled in nature such (i.e. Retin-A, Accutane). Furthermore, ExpressMedRefills is not a substitute for an office based physician in your location nor is it a substitute for Emergency Medical Care or 911. If you do experience a "true" medical emergency your are encouraged to pick up the phone and dial 911 as soon as possible.
© 2016 ExpressMedRefills.com. All Rights Reserved.


Below is the information about the activities at Nyungwe National Park.
The next 2 mornings will be the Chimpanzee tracking, with our group split into two as only 16 people per day are allowed to go into the park to track the chimps.
If you are quite sure you'll be doing 2 activities, your best bet is to be in group #2, as you may well be quite tired after tracking the chimpanzees and so it's best that you have all of day 1 for your adventures. Please email us to request to be in group #2, and do note that this will be offered on a first-ask-first-served basis.
Activity bookings can be made directly through the lodge's Guest Services/Front Office before 5pm daily for next day's activity. You can of course request that your tour leaders help you in the booking of any activity. You will need to pay on-site, either by cash (USD accepted) or credit card.
Below are some noteworthy activities that we think would be a nice addition to your Nyungwe National Park experience. Of course, you can always opt to relax in your beautiful room or at the gorgeous infinity pool! You can view all the possible activities by clicking on the button below (this will take you to the lodge's website).


Since its foundation in 1995, MAW Software Ltd has always laid the focus on telephony and telecommunication software and here especially on automated voice-processing. The purpose here is to establish the link between telephony and computer (also CTI - Computer Telephony Integration). One classic example here is phone banking, the possibility to use your phone keypad to manage your bank account (Eg to check the current account value). Another example gaining more and more importance would be televoting.
A phone is available practically always and everywhere. With a spoken dialogue, the caller is guided through a variety of choices - if necessary also multilingual. The spoken dialogs can be prerecorded or dynamically created using Text to Speech (TTS) technology. Because it is very important that your customer will not feel lost, the system fits perfectly into your existing communications infrastructure. This allows the caller during the normal opening hours to also speak directly with an operator, which by the discharge of routine work now has more time to better serve the customers.


We have learned that the Sôgmô was quickly engaged for April Fool's.
We have celebrated the Veneralia and the Festival of Fortuna.
We have announced plans to rename the major gods of the Sandum civic pantheon.
We have prepared for the celebration of the Foundation of the State of Sandus.
We have celebrated wholly Sandum photography and photographic art.
We have celebrated the end of the Winter administrative season.
We have laid down the Economic Objectives for MMXIV (2014).
We have announced the Office of the Sôgmô's office hours.
We have purchased the prescribed mint plant for Tellus's activity in the Springtime.
We shall celebrate le Foundatio de l'Etato de Sandus.
We will enumerate various trades and crafts which can be constructed in Sandus, pursuant to the Economic Objectives for MMXIV (2014).
We shall lay forth work on these objectives from today, le Nuova A Aprilo MMXIV, to the 16th, le Dixa-Sexa H Aprilo MMXIV, and draft another projection for the following week of 8-days on the 17th of April, le Dixa-Septa A Aprilo MMXIV.


Airspek will launch DietSensor, the first app with sensors that automates nutrient counting anywhere. Pioneer in automatic nutrient tracking, DietSensor brings a new level of simplicity and accuracy to diet trackers for people overweight or with food-related chronicle diseases. It analyses the food with a click of a button using a micro scale and SCIO, the first molecular sensor that fits in a hand.
Pioneer in automatic nutrient tracking, DietSensor brings a new level of simplicity and accuracy to diet trackers for people overweight or with food-related chronicle diseases. It analyses the food with a click of a button using a micro scale and SCIO, the first molecular sensor that fits in a hand. DietSensor is the easiest and most accurate nutrient and calorie counter, coming on the market in 2016, thanks to its automatic food logging capabilities with connected sensors. It embeds all classical functions of state of the art manual diet tracking apps, and adds two revolutionary options, in order to offer an outstanding customer experience to its users: a micro connected scale and a molecular sensor that fits in the palm of its hand. With these sensors, food logging becomes a lot more simple and accurate than manual entries from lookup tables. The user just drops the food on its plate, press a button to illuminate (scan) it and the food is automatically logged into its meal, with the accurate weight and nutritional values that do not come from a standard list.


Best selling! Tillotson 15" Table Lamp exellent design By August Grove. Tillotson 15" Table Lamp very well made, sleek and simple. Complete your living room furniture with a modern Tillotson 15" Table Lamp. Its charming sturdy, attractivce and it looks expensive and a best value for the money. Tillotson 15" Table Lamp is one of the most homy, cozy, nice look and exotic Tillotson 15" Table Lamp especially for the price and made of excellent products. Great quality, easy to assemble, delivery on time and in perfect condition. Tillotson 15" Table Lamp is good merchandise at fair prices and amazing free shipping. Guarantee damaged claim by offering to send parts or to keep the item at a discounted price. Great buy would definitely recommend. Shop with our low-price guarantee and find great deals on ##ptitle# and more!. Reading the reviews helped you purchase.
Everyone values being drenched in your couch by the time you relax. This stands out on the comfort and ease and also the nature of the sofas are essential. No one loves to take a seat on a menacing and unpleasant couch with frazzled upholstery. In fact, sofas are costly. If you are looking for the most comfortable and comfortable vehicles, at that time you must purchase them. I've come across frequently that people end up buying the wrong sofa and after spending a fortune onto it. Why? Basically, they do not understand how to choose the wonderful Ashley furnishings sofa in the best way. Remember that the larger the price, it always doesn't give you the CORRECT item. With this case, we've found part of the greatest couches for any comfy feeling. We advise you understand before you get towards the extremely rich furnishings stores. You will steer clear of problems and a little bit of "mourn more than fortune-misfortune".
1.Coastal Living 31.5" Table Lamp By Coast Lamp Mfg.
Although this lying loveseat comes with a heftier cost, its traditional style, options for personalization and automated lying system make it worth the money. Its hand made wood frame is padded with down mix soft cushions for any much softer really feel than youd get from higher-density foam cushions, and the upholstery is available in an astonishing 72 color and fabric combos. The availability of so many choices makes it extra simple to pair this lying loveseat with different patterns, supplies, highlights and decorations designs. In addition, if you have kids or animals (or both!), you have the option to choose a stronger, spot-resistant material. 1 customer shared the Sunbrella fabric material has held up well against her children and pets. This reclining loveseat may have a traditional, aged-school appear, but its constructed-in technology is not. Not only does it come with an automated lying program (that provides you with a complete lie down, together with your footrest completely similar to the seat), but it features a USB interface for implementing or just charging your apple ipad, apple iphone, Amazon kindle or laptop computer.
English folded arm couches are extra comfy because of the large, pillows at the back as well as for the chairs. Low hands are comfortable for lying down and also the uncovered legs bare this sofa design from sensation overweight or impacting. It really came from at the change from the century and could be associated with something usual for the British country side. Distinguishing characteristics generally consist of low uncovered thighs, gentle, generous soft cushions, a good back and recessed arms. Even though it is regarded as a classic design, it is also a perfect addition to a modern day room thanks to its comfy and flexible look.
With almost 100 5-celebrity reviews, this reclining loveseat is recommended for its comfort, sturdiness, appearance and ease of assembly. Along with soft, but supportive cushions, it features a gliding mechanism, so that you can place your ft up and rock and roll (though, not at the same time.) Padded with extremely-durable bonded leather, this lying loveseat will resist tears, rips and stainswhich is a good factor, since it also features a storage space area system (where one can conceal your snacks, of course) and a two-mug owner. Regardless of whether youre settling in for a Netflix binge or viewing football together with your team, this lying loveseat provides the durability and comfort without breaking the bank.
Even though this lying loveseat comes with a heftier price tag, its traditional style, choices for personalization and automatic reclining system make it worth the money. Its hand made wooden body is cushioned with lower mix soft cushions for any much softer feel than youd get from higher-denseness foam cushions, and also the upholstery is available in a whopping 72 color and material combinations. The availability of a lot of options makes it additional simple to set this reclining loveseat with various designs, materials, accents and decorations designs. Plus, for those who have children or pets (or both!), you can select a more durable, spot-resistant material. 1 client shared that the Sunbrella fabric material has held up well against her children and pets. This reclining loveseat could have a classic, aged-college look, but its constructed-in technology is anything but. It doesn't only come with an automated lying program (that will give you a complete recline, with your foot rest totally parallel towards the chair), but it features a USB port for implementing or simply getting your apple ipad, apple iphone, Amazon kindle or laptop computer.
This is the next sofa on the list. It's extra comfortable and very well suited for small areas or attic residing. It is upholstered in rayon fabric, potential customers inset buttons that provide a stylish gemstone-tufted style. It is made from long lasting supplies and also the legs are constructed with durable wooden to increase its durability. The loveseat has an java stained wooden legs and no-tagging foot hats. It includes an appropriate foam cushioning and polyester material upholstery that makes it extremely magnificent. It features a longue place that gives an extraordinary room for resting.
While the back of this sofa shows the Chesterfield, with its rows of tufting, a tux couch has cleaner, more angular outlines. It is stated to possess been the bellwether of more modern designs in the 20's. Although some say this sofa style took its name from Tux Recreation area in Ny, it's also considered named after the traditional extravagant mens match. You are able to determine a tux sofa by its arms that are identical height because the back again. The tufting on the back of the sofa and its rectangular outline are also classic characteristics. Soft cushions include comfort and ease to this high-equipped design. Also, as the sofa above from Upcountry is upholstered in leather-based, this popular style is usually completed in fabrics of all types, including the very stylish velvet.
When it comes to purchasing living room furniture, leather is always a smart choice. It doesn't only look good with many designs, but its very long lasting (its the ideal material for a home with kids or pets) and its ultra-easy to thoroughly clean, too. The down-side of leather Psyhojos 30" Table Lamp? It can have a much higher price tag than material, microfiber or faux leather furniture. This lying loveseat stays a financial budget-friendly option due to 1 genius technique: its sitting area is upholstered with leather-based, while the attributes are padded with more inexpensive fake leather. Which means you get the look and feel of a complete leather loveseat without the hefty price tag. Use the lever around the loveseats arm to relax and take it easy on its high-denseness froth filling up, and think about all the money held on. This specific loveseat comes with an additional bonus: expert assembly is available in numerous locations of the country for the next fee.
Although this lying loveseat has a heftier cost, its traditional style, options for personalization and automated reclining system allow it to be worth the money. Its hand made wood frame is cushioned with down blend soft cushions for any much softer feel than youd get from high-density foam cushions, and also the upholstery is available in a whopping 72 color and material combinations. The supply of so many options causes it to be additional simple to set this lying loveseat with various designs, supplies, accents and decorations styles. Plus, if you have kids or pets (or each!), you have the option to select a stronger, spot-proof fabric. One client discussed the Sunbrella fabric materials has held up well against her pets and children. This lying loveseat could have a classic, old-school appear, nevertheless its built-in tech is anything but. It doesn't only come with an automatic lying program (that will give you a complete recline, with your foot rest totally parallel to the chair), but it has a Universal serial bus interface for using or just getting your apple ipad, apple iphone, Kindle or laptop computer.
This reclining loveseat takes the 2nd place simply because its an excellent affordable, super comfortable option that may participate in most house decorations designs. Its solid wood frame is padded with coils (for many spring) and-density foam (for many soft), and upholstered with brownish faux leather that makes it an extremely-flexible furniture piece. Combine it with the man cave for any comfy spot to watch the game (and dont worry about any spillsits vinyl upholstery tends to make cleanup easy) or perhaps your living room with a couple of decorative toss pillows for the ideal spot to cozy up following a long day. Actual-life customers adore this reclining loveseat simply because its comfortable, durable, easy to put together one rater even noted that they could assemble two units in under forty-five minutes! and shipping in the merchant is a breeze.
This RTA loveseat provides different types of furniture depending on the materials. That considerably incorporates linen and purple velvet. Advanced shades, Marzipan, Stoneware-Beige and Rye-Dark brown improve design for the couch. Select the shading and also the material that depends around the stylistic design of your living space. Not just the covering, the fabric can also mirror the difference in fashion. Ensure that the fabric you choose matches the theme of the space. This loveseat ballots in favor of mixing the current style with an excellent design. It has been increased through the arms that start to pass through the sofa. With this particular mix, you only see enhanced comfort and ease and stylish style when lighting the patches.
Copyright © Tillotson 15" Table Lamp By August Grove in Table Lamps All right reserved.


text:
The 2022–23 Algerian Cup () is the 56th edition of the Algerian Cup. It returns after two years of break due to COVID-19 pandemic. It is sponsored by Mobilis and known as the Mobilis Algerian Cup for sponsorship purposes. The winners will qualify to the 2023–24 CAF Confederation Cup. CR Belouizdad are the defending champions.

Teams

National rounds

Round of 64
The draw was made on 15 November 2022.

Round of 32
The new schedule was made on 1 December 2022.

References

External links

Algerian Cup
Algerian Cup
Algeria

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
10 Things I Learned: A Brighter Summer Day
By Curtis Tsui
Inside Criterion / Production Notes — Mar 21, 2016
This week, we're proud to release our long-awaited 4K restoration of Edward Yang's 1991 masterpiece A Brighter Summer Day. Long unavailable on home video in the United States, this incomparable work of Taiwanese cinema is now out on Blu-ray and DVD, restored to the stunning clarity of Yang's original picture. To celebrate the release of this beautifully observant, sprawling epic, producer Curtis Tsui shares some interesting tidbits that he discovered while working on the release and digging into the world of A Brighter Summer Day.
The inspiration for the film was the real-life murder of a teenage girl by a classmate, committed in Taipei on June 15, 1961—an event that deeply affected filmmaker Edward Yang and other members of his generation in Taiwan. In fact, A Brighter Summer Day's Chinese title translates as "The Youth Killing Incident on Guling Street."
Though a film fan since childhood, Yang's background was in engineering, which he had studied as an undergraduate in Taiwan. In 1970 he headed to the United States, earning a master's degree in electrical engineering in Florida. In the midseventies he settled in Seattle, where he lived for several years and pursued a career in computers and software engineering.
Between completing his engineering studies and moving to Seattle, Yang briefly enrolled in the film school at the University of Southern California, but he soon abandoned the program after becoming convinced that he "had no talent." His interest in filmmaking was rekindled after a chance viewing of Aguirre: The Wrath of God at a Seattle cinema. "It restored my sense of competence that I could be a filmmaker," he said. "This is what I thought a film should be."
By 1981, Yang had abandoned Seattle for Taiwan, where he directed the acclaimed "Expectations" segment in the omnibus film In Our Time, a collection of four shorts by Taiwanese directors. Yang's contribution was about a teenage girl who becomes enamored with an older student her family has taken on as a lodger, and it established him as a key talent in the budding New Taiwan Cinema movement, among the likes of his fellow filmmakers Wu Nien-jen, Hou Hsiao-hsien, Chen Kuo-fu, and his eventual A Brighter Summer Day producer Jan Hung-tze.
Yang's first full-length feature film, That Day, On the Beach (1983), also marked the debut of outspoken cinematographer Christopher Doyle, who had moved to Taiwan from Sydney after joining the merchant navy at the age of eighteen. Before becoming a photographer in Taiwan, Doyle had worked variously as an oil driller in Israel, a cow herder in India, and a practitioner of Chinese medicine in Thailand.
Newcomer Chang Chen was cast to play the young protagonist Xiao Si'r. To put the fledgling performer at ease, Yang also cast Chang's father, Kuo-chu Chang (at left in the photo above)—who was himself a professional actor—and his older brother Han Chang, who has also continued to act.
Yang spent a full year training and rehearsing with his largely nonprofessional cast before filming began.
Raised in the U.S., actor Lisa Yang (left), who plays Ming, spoke her Mandarin dialogue with such a heavy accent that the director had her lines redubbed by another actress.
Film piracy was so rampant at the time of of A Brighter Summer Day's release in Taiwan that to counteract the practice, one cable TV network aired the film the day after its theatrical premiere.
More: Production Notes
10 Things I Learned: Local Hero
In the process of researching Bill Forsyth's culture-clash comedy, producer Kate Elmore found out just how many ardent fans it has—including one legend of British cinema and one former U.S. vice president.
By Kate Elmore
Inside Criterion / Production Notes — Oct 2, 2019
A Whiff of Polyester: Inside the Odorama Process
The legendary scratch-and-sniff cards that made John Waters' movie a unique olfactory experience are featured in our new edition of the film. Take a look at how they got made!
Inside Criterion / Production Notes — Sep 25, 2019
10 Things I Learned: Do the Right Thing
The story behind the making of Spike Lee's masterpiece reveals a lot about the political climate and racial tensions of the era.
By Abbey Lustgarten
Inside Criterion / Production Notes — Aug 2, 2019
10 Things I Learned: One Sings, the Other Doesn't
The producer of our edition of Agnès Varda's feminist musical explores the film's roots in the women's movement and how the director achieved its warm, playful tone.
Inside Criterion / Production Notes — Jun 26, 2019


Therefore take up the whole armor of God, so that you may be able to withstand on that evil day, and having done everything, to stand firm. Stand therefore, and fasten the belt of truth around your waist, and put on the breastplate of righteousness. As shoes for your feet put on whatever will make you ready to proclaim the gospel of peace. With all of these, take the shield of faith, with which you will be able to quench all the flaming arrows of the evil one. Take the helmet of salvation, and the sword of the Spirit, which is the world of God.
was the mother of David and Dennis (Debbie) Luke. She will be missed.
Visnesky. Natasha passed away on Thursday, August 16, 2018.


text:
Iridium System was halted in 1999 due to
HR Problems
If the income of company B in 1999 was Rs. 18.6 lakhs and ra
If the income of company B in 1999 was Rs. 18.6 lakhs and ratio of incomes of companies A & B in 1999 was 2:3 what was the expenditure of company A in 1999
In Iridium system, system can have up to
I had halted on the road
As soon as I saw the elepha
As soon as I saw the elephant I knew I should not shoot him
It is a serious matter to shoot a working elephant
I knew that his 'must' was already passing off
The elephant was standing 8 yards from the road
I decided to watch him for a while and then go home
The Proper sequence should be
When blood sugar falls glycolysis is halted in liver to allo
When blood sugar falls glycolysis is halted in liver to allow reverse process named as
Expenditure of Company B in 1999 was 90% of its expenditure
Expenditure of Company B in 1999 was 90% of its expenditure in1998.
Income of Company B in 1999 was what percent of its income in 1998
If the income of company A in 1999 was equal to the expendit
If the income of company A in 1999 was equal to the expenditure of company B in 2000, then what was the ratio of expenditure of company A in 1999 to the income of company B in 2000
Pie chart shows the percent of money spent by family on vari
Pie chart shows the percent of money spent by family on various item during1999.
Study the graph and answer thesequestions.
If the total amount spent during the year 1999 was Rs. 46000, the amount spent on food was
The graph shows the total number of the different types of v
The graph shows the total number of the different types of vehicles (in lakh) exported by a company in 1998 and1999.
Study the graph carefully and answer these questions :Total exports in 1998 and 1999 together was equal in case of which of the following pairs of types
If in 1999, the population of village R increased by 10% whi
If in 1999, the population of village R increased by 10% while that of village Z reduces by 5% compared to that in 1997 and the percentage of population below poverty line remains uncharged for all the villages, then find the approximate ratio of population of village R below poverty line to the ratio of population of village Z below poverty line for the year 1999
Multicast Routing Protocols Quiz


You cannot solely carry out all the procedures related to your business. This is true because you do not have expertise related to all the areas that need to be given attention. Let's consider this for the sake of the argument that you have the ability to manage everything. Now the main concern is that how would you manage every department at one time, plus, how would you manage those jobs where teamwork is required. This idea is just frivolous. You need to hire a professional for every task where technicality is involved.
Expertise is the requirement of every field. Experience is something that is gained by actually doing a task. A person with merely a qualification cannot be hired for such an important job in which experienced people can make mistakes. For a financial advisor, this quality should be your first preference and requirement.
A certified and qualified person along with a lot of experience can be taken as someone having a strong and good grip on financial matters. This is what we call know-how. A financial advisor should be able to guide perfectly and effectively by carefully watching every aspect of financial matters. For this reason, your financial advisor should have a complete knowledge of financial management.
An advisor has to advise you and for this, you may have countless detailed conversations with him. While you are looking for an advisor it is very necessary to figure out the attitude of that person. This will work for you. The maturity, sensibility, dignity and most importantly good communication skills must be possessed by a good financial advisor.
If the advisor that you have decided to hire has no dubious or questionable past then they should provide you with the record of the past performances. This will enable you to verify the reliability of the advisor you are going to hire.
When you have considered everything, the next step is to check the expenditure that is going to be used for hiring a financial advisor. It must be in your range. This is going to help you a lot. For more information, check this site out.
Next PostHow to foster creativity in children?


text:
package com.spare.cointrade.realtime.huobi;

public class ReqModel {
	private String req;
	private Long id;

	public String getReq() {
		return req;
	}

	public void setReq(String req) {
		this.req = req;
	}

	public Long getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Long id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
}


Dr. Ponsky, who served as interim Chair for the past year, is the Leo and Charlotte Goldberg Chair of Advanced Surgical Therapies, Master Clinician in Urologic Oncology at UH Cleveland Medical Center and Professor of Urology at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine. He also serves as Chief of the Division of Urologic Oncology at UH Cleveland Medical Center and Director of Urologic Oncology and Minimally Invasive Therapies Center, UH Urology Institute.
Dr. Ponsky's clinical interests are urologic oncology, particularly kidney and prostate cancer. He also specializes in advanced laparoscopy and robotics. His research has focused on advanced imaging techniques such as MRI for diagnosing and managing prostate cancer, as well as robotic radiosurgery for kidney tumors. Additionally, he is co-principal investigator on an NIH R01 grant.
Dr. Ponsky has received numerous accolades for his medical contributions and for founding MedWish International in 1993, a non-profit organization that saves and improves lives around the world by repurposing usable discarded medical supplies and equipment to provide humanitarian aid in developing countries. He is also a founding member of MedWorks, which provides medical, dental and vision services to uninsured and underinsured individuals.
His recognitions include: U.S. Congressional recognition, Crain's Forty under 40 in 2008, recipient of the Golden Doc Award from the Arnold P. Gold Foundation, and the Rescuer of Humanity Award from Project Love. He has also been recognized by the Manhattan Institute in New York with the Richard Cornuelle Award for Social Entrepreneurship and by Smart Business as the Nonprofit Board Executive of the Year in 2011.


Goniometer stages provide the ability to move an object around a single point and when coupled with a motor provide fast and precision motion. The Newport motorized goniometer stage can move ±30 degrees which is wider than most motorized stages due to the cradle design. The minimal incremental motion of this stage is 0.0005 degrees with bi-directional repeatability of 0.013 degrees. The calibrated absolute accuracy of this motorized goniometer is 0.05 degrees. High precision goniometer is ideal for demanding applications. The BG series of goniometer stages can be configured either with a stepper motor drive or DC servo motor drive. Careful attention to the design of this goniometer provides smooth motion with high stability by use of the machined ball bearing races. For applications requiring operation in the vacuum the Newport Goniometer Stage can be manufactured for vacuums down to 10-6 torr. High precision goniometer is offered by Newport.


Hi, hope you are doing fine! We have read the project details and yes we are ready for the task. Please contact us so we can further proceed and start work, thanks.
The attached file is not open in my pc, so if you have any other version of this file then kindly share. Waiting for your reply to discuss further.. Thank u.


Ellis Music deals with all kinds of woodwind instruments, including piccolos, flutes, alto flutes, bass flutes, oboes, English horns, bassoons, contrabassoons, clarinets, bass clarinets, contra clarinets, soprano saxophones, alto saxophones, tenor saxophones, baritone saxophones, and bass saxophones.
Instruments displayed here are brands and models that we typically have in stock. This is not a complete list of instruments we sell. We can get all models of instruments from Yamaha, Conn-Selmer, and numerous other brands. Feel free to contact us for more information.


text:
"""
An i386 specific function analysis module that is designed to
attempt to detect the calling convention.
"""
import collections

import vivisect.impemu.monitor as viv_imp_monitor

import vivisect.exc as v_exc
from vivisect.const import *

import vivisect.analysis.generic.switchcase as vag_switch

import envi.archs.i386 as e_i386
import envi.archs.i386.opconst as e_i386const

regcalls = {
    (e_i386.REG_ECX,):               ('thiscall', 1),
    (e_i386.REG_EAX,):               ('bfastcall', 1),
    (e_i386.REG_EAX, e_i386.REG_EDX): ('bfastcall', 2),
    (e_i386.REG_EAX, e_i386.REG_ECX): ('bfastcall', 3),
    (e_i386.REG_ECX, e_i386.REG_EDX): ('msfastcall', 2),
    (e_i386.REG_EAX, e_i386.REG_ECX, e_i386.REG_EDX): ('bfastcall', 3),
}

# Arrange the same data for a name lookup

empty = collections.defaultdict(lambda x: ('int','arg%d' % x))
argnames = {
    'thiscall':     {0: ('void *','ecx'),},
    'msfastcall':   {0: ('int','ecx'), 1: ('int','edx')},
    'bfastcall':    {0: ('int','eax'), 1: ('int','edx'), 2: ('int','ecx'),},
}

def argcname(callconv, idx):
    ret = argnames.get(callconv,empty).get(idx)
    if ret is None:
        ret = ('int','arg%d' % idx)
    return ret

class AnalysisMonitor(viv_imp_monitor.AnalysisMonitor):

    def __init__(self, vw, fva):
        viv_imp_monitor.AnalysisMonitor.__init__(self, vw, fva)
        self.retbytes = None
        self.endstack = None
        self.addDynamicBranchHandler(vag_switch.analyzeJmp)
        self.badops = vw.arch.archGetBadOps()

    def prehook(self, emu, op, starteip):
        if op in self.badops:
            raise v_exc.BadOpBytes(op.va)

        viv_imp_monitor.AnalysisMonitor.prehook(self, emu, op, starteip)

        if op.opcode == e_i386const.INS_LEA:    # x86 only
            i = 1
            o = op.opers[i]
            discrete = o.isDiscrete()
            operva = o.getOperAddr(op, emu)
            # keep track of the max here, but save it for later too...
            stackoff = emu.getStackOffset(operva)
            if stackoff and stackoff >= 0:
                self.stackmax = max(self.stackmax, stackoff)
                self.stackargs[stackoff] = True

            self.operrefs.append((starteip, i, operva, o.tsize, stackoff, discrete))

        # Do return related stuff before we execute the opcode
        if op.isReturn():
            self.endstack = emu.getStackCounter()
            if len(op.opers):
                self.retbytes = op.opers[0].imm

def buildFunctionApi(vw, fva, emu, emumon, stkstart):
    # More than 40 args?  no way...
    argc = stackargs = (int(emumon.stackmax) >> 2)
    if argc > 40:
        emumon.logAnomaly(emu, fva, 'Crazy Stack Offset Touched: 0x%.8x' % emumon.stackmax)
        argc = 0

    callconv = "cdecl"  # Default to cdecl
    # see if we have stdcall return bytes
    if emumon.retbytes is not None:
        callconv = "stdcall"
        argc = emumon.retbytes >> 2

    stackidx = 0  # arg index of first *stack* arg

    # Log registers we used but didn't init
    # but don't take into account ebp and esp
    emu.uninit_use.pop(e_i386.REG_ESP, None)
    emu.uninit_use.pop(e_i386.REG_EBP, None)
    undefkeys = list(emu.uninit_use.keys())
    undefkeys.sort()

    undeflen = len(undefkeys)
    if undeflen:
        regcall = regcalls.get(tuple(undefkeys))
        if regcall is not None:
            callconv, addargc = regcall
            argc += addargc

        vw.setFunctionMeta(fva, "UndefRegUse", undefkeys)

    # if we're callee cleanup, make sure we *actually* clean up our space
    # otherwise, revert us to caller cleanup
    realcallconv = callconv
    if emumon.endstack:
        stkoff = (emumon.endstack - stkstart) >> 2
        if callconv in argnames:
            # do our stack args line up with what we cleaned up?
            if abs(stkoff) != stackargs:
                # we're probably caller cleanup then
                realcallconv = callconv + '_caller'

    if argc > 64:
        callconv = 'unkcall'
        argc = 0
    # Add argument indexes to our argument names
    funcargs = [ argcname(callconv, i) for i in range(argc) ]
    api = ('int',None,realcallconv,None,funcargs)

    vw.setFunctionApi(fva, api)
    return api

def analyzeFunction(vw, fva):

    emu = vw.getEmulator(va=fva)
    emumon = AnalysisMonitor(vw, fva)

    stkstart = emu.getStackCounter()
    emu.setEmulationMonitor(emumon)
    emu.runFunction(fva, maxhit=1)

    # Do we already have API info in meta?
    # NOTE: do *not* use getFunctionApi here, it will make one!
    api = vw.getFunctionMeta(fva, 'api')
    if api is None:
        api = buildFunctionApi(vw, fva, emu, emumon, stkstart)

    rettype,retname,callconv,callname,callargs = api
    if callconv == 'unkcall':
        return

    argc = len(callargs)
    cc = emu.getCallingConvention(callconv)
    stcount = cc.getNumStackArgs(emu, argc)
    stackidx = argc - stcount
    baseoff = cc.getStackArgOffset(emu, argc)

    # Register our stack args as function locals
    for i in range(stcount):
        vw.setFunctionLocal(fva, baseoff + ( i * 4 ), LSYM_FARG, i+stackidx)

    emumon.addAnalysisResults(vw, emu)


text:
The euro at 20: pragmatism underpins success of single currency
Adequate mechanism for sharing risk across euro area still required
Wed, Jan 2, 2019, 06:00
Patrick Honohan
"The euro system's second decade was one of unforeseen turbulence, but it confounded its more strident critics by surviving the anxious years 2011-2012 (and 2015) without losing any member." Photograph: Michael Sohn/AP Photo
Any assessment of Europe's monetary union as it completes its second decade should refer to the regimes that preceded it.
For economists, the primary reason to adopt a single currency in Europe was to put an end to the disruptive currency crises and surges of inflation that had marred the decades before the Maastricht Treaty of 25 years ago.
Not only would trade and travel between member countries be free of the costs and uncertainties of currency exchange, but those countries that had long failed to control inflation could at last enjoy price stability by placing management of the currency on a multi-country central bank modelled on the Bundesbank.
There is more to central banking than maintenance of price and exchange-rate stability
And on these dimensions the European Central Bank has not disappointed. Inflation has come in on average right on target at just below 2 per cent per annum, compared with the double-digit annual inflation experienced in Ireland during the 1970s and 1980s.
To be sure, inflation had already been brought under control in most advanced economies worldwide from the early 1990s.
Indeed, in the most recent years there has been a tendency to undershoot the inflation target, with Irish consumer prices at the end of 2018 still below the peak reached in 2008.
New risks
But there is more to central banking than maintenance of price and exchange-rate stability.
By linking the monetary systems of member states so tightly together, the single currency introduced new risks that were not adequately addressed in the system's design.
In particular, by removing devaluation as a safety valve for dealing with other adverse shocks, adoption of the single currency greatly increased the need for governments to make sure their fiscal and other policies would ensure resilience.
Many economists had argued that there should be some form of risk-sharing arrangements among the members of the euro area to help deal with shocks that hit some countries more than others.
But this was not on the cards, due to the trenchant opposition of political leaders who, even after a clear treaty prohibition on such bailouts, still feared that some national government might overspend and create a crisis of over-indebtedness spilling back on to the other members.
It proved impossible to bridge the political gap between those who recognised the heightened risks and those who feared that risk-sharing would be abused at their expense.
The full financial strength of Europe was not brought to bear effectively
The other big design gap was bank regulation. This too had been recognised in advance. A forthright 1998 critique (The ECB: Safe at Any Speed?) published by CEPR, the premier network of European economists, trenchantly declared: "Financial regulation within EMU is at present unsafe . . . [T]here remain flaws in proposals for dealing with insolvency during a large banking collapse . . . centralisation of regulation is essential."
By moving ahead with an incomplete system, Europe's leaders must have trusted that the more stable macroeconomic conditions that had prevailed since the exchange rate crisis of 1992-1993 would persist.
Far from exercising greater caution as financialisation of society deepened, most governments seemed content to see their economies surf the tide of credit. The early years of the new system seemed to validate such complacency; but it was about to be tested by the global financial crisis.
Missteps
The euro area's management of the aftermath saw numerous missteps, notably in the period 2008-2011. With a deepening fault-line between creditor and debtor countries across the euro area, several policy actions were driven more by an inflexibly conservative ideology – sometimes masquerading as legal doctrine – rather than by evidence-based economic analysis.
As a result, the full financial strength of Europe was not brought to bear effectively, with the result that the recession was deeper and more prolonged than it might have been.
In addition, shaken by the aftermath of the Lehman bankruptcy, policymakers adopted a generally creditor-friendly approach to problems of over-indebtedness.
We felt this in Ireland; though in the end (and after some hesitation) ECB policy had the net effect of containing the servicing costs of the debt accumulated by the Government in what had been a largely home-grown crisis.
Designed, then, for a less stressed economic environment, the euro system's second decade was one of unforeseen turbulence, but it confounded its more strident critics by surviving the anxious years 2011-2012 (and 2015) without losing any member.
With a view to avoiding the errors of the past there have been some institutional reforms, such as the establishment of the single banking supervisor, and a legal regime for resolving failed banks that is less creditor friendly. But more is needed; in particular an adequate euro area-wide risk-sharing mechanism still awaits agreement.
Above all, though, the experience of the crisis shows how, instead of being boxed in by rigid ideology, policy needs the balanced economic pragmatism that has increasingly characterised euro-area decision-makers since 2012.
Patrick Honohan was governor of the Central Bank between 2009 and 2015
The Irish Times view: Where's the plan for coming centenaries?
Nurses' pay, Brexit and economic wobbles: here comes politics 2019
The Irish Times view: When Anglo-Irish ties were fraying
Una Mullally: Repeal vote showed grassroots power can transform Ireland
Truly patient-centred health service demands harsh medicine
Unionists need to focus on their own backyard in 2019
A year of anxiety and upheaval – An Irishman's Diary on 1919
Seasonal variations
Thatcher and An Garda Síochána
Mental health services – signs of change
Una Mullally: Noel Whelan was a hero and an ally
Will female-only professorships make the difference?
Herd mentality condemns generation to rental housing
The Irish Times view on the US migrant crackdown: cruel and vindictive
Every US president deports undocumented migrants, but Trump's approach goes far beyond merely applying the law
The Irish Times view on the Green Party: leaving options open
The party's decision not to rule out coalition with the two big parties will put it in a pivotal position
David McWilliams: Stop the recession talk. It's not happening
Foreign investors have been made scapegoats for Ireland's housing crisis
Newton Emerson: Time for DUP to accept defeat on gay marriage and abortion
Una Mullally
Pat Leahy
Pat Leahy: Greens well-positioned for the next election
Cliff Taylor
What the British Ambassador would say about Ireland
The HSE and incessant reorganisation
Benzodiazepine usage: cause for concern
The will of the people?
Bonfires and parades
Forests and climate change
Smear test results and a 'glitch'
Taoiseach's views on the UK
Mindfulness and health
Probation Service research project
Children and critics


text:
Netrin1/DCC signaling promotes neuronal migration in the dorsal spinal cord
Harald J. Junge1,
Andrea R. Yung2,
Lisa V. Goodrich2 &
Zhe Chen ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-0683-94911
Neural Development volume 11, Article number: 19 (2016) Cite this article
Newborn neurons often migrate before undergoing final differentiation, extending neurites, and forming synaptic connections. Therefore, neuronal migration is crucial for establishing neural circuitry during development. In the developing spinal cord, neuroprogenitors first undergo radial migration within the ventricular zone. Differentiated neurons continue to migrate tangentially before reaching the final positions. The molecular pathways that regulate these migration processes remain largely unknown. Our previous study suggests that the DCC receptor is important for the migration of the dorsal spinal cord progenitors and interneurons. In this study, we determined the involvement of the Netrin1 ligand and the ROBO3 coreceptor in the migration.
By pulse labeling neuroprogenitors with electroporation, we examined their radial migration in Netrin1 (Ntn1), Dcc, and Robo3 knockout mice. We found that all three mutants exhibit delayed migration. Furthermore, using immunohistochemistry of the BARHL2 interneuron marker, we found that the mediolateral and dorsoventral migration of differentiated dorsal interneurons is also delayed. Together, our results suggest that Netrin1/DCC signaling induce neuronal migration in the dorsal spinal cord.
Netrin1, DCC, and ROBO3 have been extensively studied for their functions in regulating axon guidance in the spinal commissural interneurons. We reveal that during earlier development of dorsal interneurons including commissural neurons, these molecules play an important role in promoting cell migration.
During spinal cord development, neuroprogenitors are born in the superficial layer of the ventricular zone (VZ) and undergo radial migration toward the lateral spinal cord [1–3]. Upon neurogenesis, neuroprogenitors exit the cell cycle and migrate out of the VZ. The post-mitotic neurons continue to migrate along both mediolateral and dorsoventral axes as they differentiate into mature neurons. Different classes of interneurons, including contralateral- and ipsilateral-projecting neurons, are generated from progenitors in the dorsal spinal cord. Additional populations of interneurons as well as motor neurons arise from neuroprogenitors in the ventral half. Discrete neuronal populations that are located at different dorsoventral and mediolateral positions have stereotypical axonal projections and specific synaptic partners later during development [1–3]. Given the importance of the migration in building the spinal cord circuitry, it is critical to identify the molecular mechanisms that regulate the radial and tangential migration of spinal cord neurons.
Recently, we found that in the knockout (KO) mice of the Dcc (deleted in colorectal carcinoma) receptor, the radial migration of dorsal progenitors and the tangential migration of differentiated dorsal interneurons are both delayed [4]. These migration defects may contribute to the axonal growth and guidance defects in the mutant during later stages of development [4]. In addition, Dcc KO has been previously shown to reduce the ventral migration of several classes of dorsal spinal cord interneurons [5]. These findings together prompted us to identify the molecular pathway that DCC acts upon during the migration.
The secreted Netrin proteins are conserved ligands for DCC from C. elegans to mammals [6]. Netrin/DCC are important for various neurodevelopmental processes, including axon guidance, neuronal migration, and synapse formation [7–9]. Within the contralateral-projecting commissural axons, Netrin1/DCC signaling induces axonal outgrowth and promotes axonal attraction [10–12]. By immunohistochemistry using specific antibodies, Netrin1 protein has been shown to be enriched at the ventral midline and at the lateral margin of the spinal cord in both chickens and mice [13, 14]. The enrichment of Netrin1 at the ventral spinal cord is consistent with its role in attracting DCC-expressing commissural axons to the midline [13, 14]. The presence of Netrin1 at the dorsal lateral margin confines central axons within the CNS [15], and also inhibits abnormal entry by periphery sensory axons [16]. Whether Netrin1 can also attract the lateral and ventral migration of spinal cord neurons remains unknown.
ROBO3 is a member of the ROBO (roundabout) family of receptors for the SLIT proteins. While mammalian ROBO1 and ROBO2 mediate repulsion in commissural axons, ROBO3 inhibits ROBO1/2 and thus represses repulsion as commissural axons approach the midline [17]. In addition, ROBO3 has been shown to interact with DCC and function as a Netrin1 coreceptor to potentiate commissural axonal outgrowth and attraction [18]. Thus, ROBO3 is critically important for commissural axon guidance. We wondered if ROBO3 is also involved in the earlier migration process.
In this study, we examined neuronal migration in Ntn1 and Robo3 KOs, in direct comparison with Dcc mutants. Using pulse labeling of the dorsal spinal cord progenitors, we found that the radial migration of these cells is delayed in Ntn1 and Robo3 KOs, as found previously in Dcc KOs. In addition, using immunohistochemistry of interneuron markers, we found that the tangential migration of dorsal interneurons is also delayed in all three mutants. Our data suggest that the Netrin1 ligand functions through DCC and ROBO3 receptors to promote the migration of the dorsal spinal cord neurons.
Ntn1, Dcc, Robo3, and Unc5c KOs were generated and described previously [19–22].
Whole embryo culture
The culture was carried out as previously described [23]. Embryos were electroporated at E9.5 with gfp into one side of the spinal cord and were cultured for specified periods. The embryos were then fixed in 4 % paraformaldehyde, cryopreserved in 30 % sucrose, and embedded in OCT (optimal cutting temperature). 20 μm transverse sections were collected and examined using fluorescent microscopy.
Immunohistochemistry was carried out as previously descried [24]. Antibodies used in the study include anti-PAX3/7 (PA1-107, Thermo Fisher, raised against PAX3 and cross reacts with PAX7), anti-BARHL2 (NBP2-32013, Novus Biologicals), anti-LHX5 (AF6290, R&D), anti-ISL1/2 (39.4D5, DSHB), anti-PAX6 (DSHB), anti-phospho-Histone H3 (9701, CST), anti-Ki67 (12202, CST), and anti-SOX2 (3728, CST).
Quantification of phenotypes
For phenotypic quantification in all experiments, KOs were compared with WT littermate controls. To minimize developmental variation, we used embryos of comparable sizes and examined spinal cord tissues from the brachial level. At least three embryos for each genotype and at least five sections from each embryo were quantified. In all phenotypic analyses, the defects were consistently seen in all embryos examined. The severity of defects was comparable between animals and between different sections of the same embryo. Representative images are shown in all figures.
For quantifying the ventral migration of interneurons, the distance from the dorsal margin of the spinal cord to the ventral most BARHL2+ neurons (h1) is compared to the total height of the spinal cord (h2) (Figs. 6, 7). For the lateral migration, the distance between the medial most and lateral most BARHL2+ neurons (w1) is compared to the distance between the medial most neurons and the lateral margin of the spinal cord (w2). The distances were measured using ImageJ (NIH, Bethesda, MD).
By microinjection and electroporation, we introduced Actb-gfp (aka βactin-gfp) into the progenitors adjacent to the lumen of the neural tube at E9.5 (Fig. 1a). During the subsequent culturing of the whole mouse embryos, the mitotic progenitors first migrated laterally away from the ventricle and can continue to divide [1–3]. At the onset of neurogenesis around E10 in mice, the progenitors began to exit the cell cycle and to migrate out of the VZ. After culturing, we labeled the VZ with antibodies against PAX3/7, which are expressed by the dorsal progenitors [1, 2], and examined the lateral movement of the GFP+ progenitors. In this assay, we previously observed that the dorsal progenitors are more frequently targeted than the ventral ones [4, 23], likely due to the fact that the dorsal progenitors are more actively proliferating and differentiating during the culture period. We first cultured the embryos for 20 h and examined the positions of GFP+ neurons. In WT embryos, many progenitors have exited the VZ and reached the lateral spinal cord. However, in Dcc KOs, the majority of GFP+ neurons were still positioned within the VZ ([4], Fig. 1b,c). Similarly, GFP+ progenitors in Ntn1 and Robo3 KOs were also mostly found within the VZ (Fig. 1b,c). We extended the culture period to 26 h to determine if the mutant progenitors are able to exit the VZ later. After the longer culture period, most WT neurons have exited the VZ and have extended axons toward the ventral half (Fig. 2). In comparison, neuroprogenitors in all three mutants were able to arrive at the lateral spinal cord, but the percentage of neurons within the VZ was still higher than in WT (Fig. 2). These results suggest that the radial migration of neuroprogenitors is likely to be delayed, but not completely blocked, in Ntn1, Dcc, and Robo3 KOs.
Neuroprogenitor migration in Ntn1, Dcc, and Robo3 knockouts. a Schematic of the migration of the dorsal spinal cord progenitors and interneurons. VZ, ventricular zone. b Cross sections of the spinal cord electroporated with Actb-gfp (βactin-gfp). The closeup images are of the boxed area. The embryos were cultured for 20 h. GFP+ neurons from all three KOs migrate out of the VZ (demarcated by PAX3/7 staining) later than WT neurons. c Quantification of the ratio between GFP+ neurons within the VZ and the total GFP+ neurons. A higher percentage of neurons is seen within the VZ in all three KOs. Data are represented as the mean ± SEM (Student's t-test; **, p < 0.001; *, p < 0.05). Scale bars, 50 μm
Neuroprogenitor migration in Ntn1, Dcc, and Robo3 knockouts. a Cross sections of the spinal cord electroporated with Actb-gfp (βactin-gfp). The closeup images are of the boxed area. The embryos were cultured for 26 h. Some GFP+ neurons from the KOs are able to exit the VZ (PAX3/7+ area) after 26 h. b Quantification of the ratio between GFP+ neurons within the VZ and the total GFP+ neurons. A higher percentage of GFP+ neurons is seen within the VZ in the KOs than in controls. Data are represented as the mean ± SEM (Student's t-test; **, p < 0.001; *, p < 0.05). Scale bars, 50 μm
As the exit of neuroprogenitors from the VZ and their leaving the cell cycle are highly coordinated, the delay in reaching the lateral spinal cord can also result from a cell cycle defect. To examine this possibility, we studied the GFP+ neurons within the VZ using the Ki67 cell proliferation marker. We found that the percentage of neurons that are proliferating (i.e. Ki67+) is comparable between the three mutants and their respective controls (Fig. 3). These results suggest that the increase in GFP+ neuroprogenitors within the VZ is unlikely to result from a cell cycle abnormality.
Cell proliferation state in neuroprogenitors in Ntn1, Dcc, and Robo3 knockouts. a Cross sections of the spinal cord from embryos cultured for 20 h. The closeup images are of the boxed area and the dashed line outlines the VZ. Anti-Ki67 staining marks neurons that are inside the cell cycle. b Quantification of the ratio between GFP+ Ki67+ neurons and the total GFP+ neurons within the VZ. The percentage of neurons that are inside the cell cycle is comparable between all three KOs and WT controls. Data are represented as the mean ± SEM (Student's t-test; ns, not significant). Scale bars, 50 μm
Previously, we found that in Dcc KOs, the overall development of neuroprogenitors, except for their migration, is unaffected [4]. Using the same approaches, we further examined Ntn1 and Robo3 KOs. We analyzed cell proliferation using cell cycle markers, including phospho-Histone H3 (pH3), a mitosis-specific marker, and Ki67. We found that the number of neural stem cells and progenitors is normal in Ntn1 and Robo3 mutants (Fig. 4). In addition, we labeled neuroprogenitors in the whole spinal cord with anti-SOX2 and the dorsal progenitors with anti-PAX3/7, and found no change in the localization or organization of these progenitor populations (Fig. 4). Thus, stem cells and progenitors are generated normally in the mutants.
Neuroprogenitors are generated normally in Ntn1, Dcc, and Robo3 knockouts. a Immunohistochemistry of phospho-Histone H3, a mitotic marker, Ki67, a cell proliferation marker, SOX2, a neuroprogenitor marker, and PAX3/7, a dorsal progenitor marker in E10.5 spinal cord. b Quantification of phenotypes in (a). Data are normalized to WT and are represented as the mean ± SEM (Student's t-test; ns, not significant). Scale bar, 50 μm
We also examined if the differentiation of progenitors into interneurons and motor neurons is normal. Using the BARHL2, ISL1/2, and LHX5 markers, which are transcription factors expressed by different populations of neurons [1–3], we found that a normal number of neurons are born in Dcc KOs at E10.5 [4]. Using the same assays, we examined Ntn1 and Robo3 KOs and found that neither KO displayed any abnormalities in neuronal differentiation (Fig. 5). Ntn1 KOs were also reported to have a normal number of spinal cord neurons at E11.5 and E13.5 [21, 25]. Therefore, the loss of Ntn1, Dcc, or Robo3 does not affect neurogenesis, either.
Neuronal differentiation is normal in Ntn1, Dcc, and Robo3 knockouts. a Immunohistochemistry of BARHL2, ISL1/2, and LHX5, in E10.5 spinal cord. The markers are expressed by different populations of interneurons and motor neurons. b Quantification of BARHL2+ neurons and ISL1/2+ dorsal interneurons. Data are normalized to WT and are represented as the mean ± SEM (Student's t-test; ns, not significant). Scale bar, 50 μm
Differentiated spinal cord neurons continue to migrate along mediolateral and dorsoventral axes to reach the final positions [1–3]. The dI1 population of interneurons are born at the dorsal margin of the spinal cord. They migrate both laterally and ventrally and give rise to contralateral- and ipsilateral-projecting subpopulations (dI1c and dI1i, respectively). Using anti-BARHL2 to follow the tangential migration of dI1 neurons [26], we previously found that both mediolateral and dorsoventral migration is delayed in Dcc KOs [4]. We further examined Ntn1 and Robo3 KOs. As discussed above, a normal number of BARHL2+ neurons are born at E10.5 in the mutants (Fig. 5). By E11.75, most neurons in WT have migrated ventrally and some start to arrive at the lateral margin of the spinal cord ([26], Fig. 6a). In contrast, in Ntn1, Dcc, and Robo3 KOs, BARHL2+ neurons were located more medially and dorsally than normal (Fig. 6). Later at E12.5, the dI1c and dI1i populations can be well discerned in WT, with dI1i residing at a more lateral position ([26], Fig. 6a). Similarly, Robo3 KOs had two distinct subpopulations (Fig. 6). Ntn1 and Dcc KO neurons appeared to be slightly more medially and dorsally positioned. At E13.0, dI1c and dI1i could be seen in all three mutants and the ratio between them was normal (Fig. 6). Therefore, there is a delay in the tangential migration of dorsal interneurons in all three mutants, but both contralateral and ipsilateral neurons are eventually differentiated. The delay is less severe in Robo3 KOs than in Dcc KOs, consistent with previous observations in commissural axonal outgrowth [18]. Ntn1 KO, on the other hand, caused a more severe defect than Dcc KO, also consistent with previous observations in axon guidance [21, 25]. This is likely due to the fact that another homologue of DCC, the Neogenin (Neo1) receptor, has some redundant function and thus could compensate for the loss of DCC [24].
Dorsal interneuron migration is delayed in Ntn1, Dcc, and Robo3 knockouts. a Immunohistochemistry of BARHL2 at different stages. At E11.75, BARHL2+ neurons fail to reach the lateral spinal cord in the KOs (indicated by arrow). Their ventral migration is also delayed. At E12.5, dI1i (ipsilateral) and dI1c (contralateral) populations appear normal in WT and Robo3 KOs. There are still some neurons in the dorsal spinal cord in Ntn1 and Dcc KOs (arrow). At E13.0, all mutants have two distinct populations of dI1 neurons. b Quantification of phenotypes in (a). For quantifying the ventral migration, the distance from the dorsal margin to the ventral most BARHL2+ neurons (h1) is compared to the total height of the spinal cord (h2). For the lateral migration, the distance between the medial most and lateral most BARHL2+ neurons (w1) is compared to the distance between the medial most neurons and the lateral margin of the spinal cord (w2). The distances were measured using ImageJ. Data are normalized to WT and are represented as the mean ± SEM (Student's t-test; **, p < 0.001; ns, not significant). Scale bars, 50 μm
The UNC5 family of receptors also bind Netrin and can act as DCC coreceptors. UNC5s by themselves or in complex with DCC mediate axonal repulsion [9]. UNC5s have not been shown to function in spinal commissural axons. In addition, Ntn1 null mutants display rather distinct phenotypes from the knockout of the Unc5 family receptors, suggesting that Netrin1 is not the main ligand for UNC5s in vivo [21]. For comparison, we also examined Unc5c KOs for the migration phenotype using the BARHL2 marker. At E11.75, when Ntn1, Dcc, and Robo3 KOs displayed a migration delay, Unc5c KOs did not have such a defect and the BARHL2+ neurons have reached comparable positions as in WT controls (Fig. 7). Taken together, the UNC5 repulsive receptors are unlikely to be involved in the same migration process as Netrin1 and DCC.
dI1 interneuron migration is normal in Unc5c knockouts. a BARHL2+ immunohistochemistry in WT and Unc5c KO spinal cord at E11.75. The dorsal interneurons have arrived at the normal positions. b Quantification of neuronal migration (see Fig. 6 for description of quantification). Data are normalized to WT and are represented as the mean ± SEM (Student's t-test; ns, not significant). Scale bar, 50 μm
By in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, Dcc expression is observed in interneurons and motor neurons, as well as in neuroprogenitors [4, 5, 27, 28]. Robo3 expression is more specific and mostly within commissural interneurons [20, 23]. Using specific antibodies, we found that ROBO3 protein is also present on the periphery of dorsal progenitors (Additional file 1: Figure S1). Therefore, Dcc and Robo3 are most likely to function cell-autonomously within progenitors and interneurons during migration, as they do during axon guidance.
Neuronal migration is one of the early and critical steps of neural development. It is a complex cellular process involving many classes of molecules, including extracelluar ligands and transmembrane receptors, intracellular signaling molecules, cytoskeletal and motor proteins, and transcriptional factors [29–32]. Within the developing spinal cord, the molecular mechanism underlying the migration of neuroprogenitors and differentiated neurons is mostly uncharacterized. The Reelin/VLDLR/ApoER2 pathway has been shown to regulate the migration of certain populations in the ventral spinal cord [33]. Our previous study reveals that DCC is important for the migration of the dorsal neuroprogenitors and interneurons [4]. DCC has also been shown to promote the ventral migration of several classes of dorsal spinal cord interneurons [5]. Built upon these findings, we extended the study to the Netrin1 ligand and the ROBO3 coreceptor, which act together with DCC to mediate axonal attraction. Interestingly, the loss of any of these three molecules reduces the radial migration of neuroprogenitors and the tangential migration of dorsal interneurons. In contrast, loss of the UNC5C receptor does not cause such a delay. Given the enrichment of Netrin1 at the lateral and ventral margin of the spinal cord [13, 14], our results support a model that Netrin1/DCC signaling also attracts the migration of the dorsal spinal cord progenitors and neurons (Fig. 8).
Model of Netrin1/DCC signaling during neuronal migration in the dorsal spinal cord. Netrin1 protein is enriched at the ventral midline and at the lateral margin of the spinal cord (green areas). It acts through DCC and ROBO3 receptors to attract the neurons both laterally and ventrally. 1, radial migration of neuroprogenitors; 2, tangential migration of dorsal interneurons; VZ, ventricular zone
Our experimental approach does not allow us to efficiently target the ventral spinal cord progenitors in cultured mouse embryos. We thus cannot determine if Netrin1/DCC also acts in the ventral populations. Within the ventrally located motor neurons, Netrin1/DCC as well as the SLIT/ROBO pathway have been shown to be important for the dorsoventral positioning of the cell bodies relative to the midline [34]. The loss of the Netrin1/DCC signaling leads to motor neurons positioning in a more dorsal position than normal [34]. Therefore, Netrin1/DCC is likely to be involved in the migration of additional spinal cord neurons. Robo3 is not expressed in the ventral spinal cord, except in the ventral most V3 interneurons [20, 23], and is thus unlikely to play a role in most ventral neurons.
The fact that in Ntn1, Dcc, and Robo3 KOs, neuronal migration is delayed but not completely blocked suggests that there may be additional molecules at play. In addition, although the early-born dorsal interneurons (generated from E10 to around E11.5) migrate predominantly ventrally, late-born populations (generated around E12) migrate dorsally [1, 2]. It is thus likely that a distinct pathway directs the dorsal migration. Additional studies are warranted to unveil the identity of these molecules.
ApoER2:
Apolipoprotein E receptor 2
DCC:
Deleted in colorectal carcinoma
Ntn1:
Netrin1
Robo:
Unc:
Uncoordinated
VLDLR:
Very low density lipoprotein receptor
VZ:
Ventricular zone
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We thank Daniel Morales and Dr. Artur Kania for providing the Unc5c KO embryos, and Caleb Anderson for technical support.
This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) R01EY024261 (to HJJ), R21DC014916 (to LVG), and F31DC014603 (to ARY), and by the Boettcher Foundation (to ZC).
Availability of data and material
The original data and quantification analyses in this study are available from the corresponding authors upon request.
H.J.J. and Z.C. designed the study. Z.C. performed the experiments. A.R.Y. and L.V.G. provided reagents. Z.C. analyzed the data. H.J.J. and Z.C. wrote the paper with contributions from the other authors. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
All experimental manipulations and care of mice have been approved by the University of Colorado Boulder Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (protocol number 1310.02).
Department of MCDB, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
Harald J. Junge & Zhe Chen
Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
Andrea R. Yung & Lisa V. Goodrich
Harald J. Junge
Andrea R. Yung
Lisa V. Goodrich
Zhe Chen
Correspondence to Harald J. Junge or Zhe Chen.
Additional file
ROBO3 expression in the spinal cord. ROBO3 is highly expressed in differentiated commissural neurons and their axons, and can also be detected at the periphery of progenitors. PAX7 labels the dorsal progenitors. PAX6 labels progenitors except in the ventral most spinal cord. Scale bars, 50 μm in the top panel and 10 μm in the bottom. (PDF 7076 kb)
Junge, H.J., Yung, A.R., Goodrich, L.V. et al. Netrin1/DCC signaling promotes neuronal migration in the dorsal spinal cord. Neural Dev 11, 19 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13064-016-0074-x
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13064-016-0074-x
Neuronal migration
ROBO3
Spinal cord neurons


"Guess what I wear as a hat? A lentil."
The genius Jenny Slate (aka Tina-Tina Chaneuse, car horn/alarm clock/doorbell entrepreneur) from SNL is the voice behind this shell. Speaking of, tomorrow marks one month until SNL returns!
Guess what I use to tie my skis to my car? A hair. Guess what my skis are? Toenails from a man.


text:
Brasil Ecodiesel, actuellement Vanguarda Agro, est une entreprise brésilienne spécialisée dans la production de biocarburant.

Historique
Terra Santa Agro est une entreprise publique brésilienne agro-industrielle fondée en 2003 à Rio de Janeiro sous le nom Brasil Ecodiesel, producteur de biodiesel. En 2011, après une fusion avec Maeda Agroindustrial et Vanguarda Participações, la société change son nom pour Vanguarda Agro et déménage son siège à Nova Mutum dans le Mato Grosso. Vanguarda Agro possède approximativement 254 milliers d'hectares de terrain divisés en 13 unités de production dans cinq états brésiliens. .

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Entreprise de l'énergie ayant son siège au Brésil
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text:
Palo Alto: Council cool to plans for widening…
Palo Alto: Council cool to plans for widening Page Mill Road
By Daily News |
PALO ALTO — Santa Clara County's plans to break the gridlock on Page Mill Road by adding new lanes could put the cities of Palo Alto and Los Altos Hills on a collision course.
At a study session Monday, several members of the Palo Alto City Council said they didn't like the idea of widening Page Mill from four lanes to six between Interstate 280 and Foothill Expressway. But some said they would support the project if the new lanes are reserved for high-occupancy vehicles.
The Los Altos Hills City Council, meanwhile, has tentatively approved the plans in the hopes that they will make it easier for residents to get in and out of the largely bedroom community.
Dawn Cameron, a transportation planner with the county, said projects typically aren't pursued if objections are raised.
"Page Mill presents an interesting challenge for us because the section of Page Mill we're talking about widening is actually within the county unincorporated area and it connects Los Altos Hills to Palo Alto," Cameron told the Palo Alto City Council.
The county's Roads and Airports Department maintains Page Mill between I-280 and El Camino Real.
"You should still take whatever position you would like to take," Cameron added, "but this is one case where we might have two cities giving us a different preference for a single project. We'll have to work it out."
The plans also call for major modifications to the interchange at Page Mill and I-280. A roundabout for the southbound ramps and signals for the northbound ramps are expected to help relieve congestion.
"It is not unusual in the morning, during the peak period, for cars to be stacked up from Foothill Expressway all the way back to I-280 and onto the freeway in both directions," Cameron said. "That's how great the demand is coming off of the freeway, heading into Palo Alto."
Stanford Research Park is the major destination for vehicles exiting I-280, according to a study.
The interchange reconfiguration and lane widening, in addition to several other projects including a new eastbound through lane at Foothill, are expected to slash morning rush hour travel times by 60 percent and evening rush hour travel times by 40 percent, said Adam Dankberg of Kimberly-Horn Associates Inc., a consultant who worked on the study.
"It's a very substantial benefit," he said.
The plans also come with a substantial price tag: $98 million. However, $50 million would be for a project to separate Page Mill and Foothill at some future date, Dankberg said. The new eastbound through lane would make the intersection functional through 2025.
"It's now the third-worst intersection on the entire county expressway system," said Cameron, adding that changes in travel patterns and behaviors might eliminate the need for the project. All told, there are 145 signalized intersections in the county expressway system.
Several members of the Palo Alto City Council objected to the widening project largely because it would add capacity for single-occupancy vehicles at a time when transportation demand management districts and programs are being pushed as solutions to congestion.
"We don't want people to suffer through bad circumstances, but also if it seems easy enough to get to work … are people going to be really motivated to look for alternative ways to get to work?" asked Mayor Karen Holman.
Vice Mayor Greg Schmid and Councilman Cory Wolbach said the $98 million would be better spent on projects with longer lasting benefits for the city such as a trench for Caltrain.
"Why should we be spending it at 280, filling up the research park and our own highways with more cars?" asked Schmid.
Cameron noted that the county was only responsible for operating Page Mill to the best of its ability.
"The cities make the land-use decisions and it's the land-use decisions that generate the trips," she said.
Council members including Greg Scharff and Pat Burt said they could support widening Page Mill all the way to El Camino Real if the new lanes are reserved for high-occupancy vehicles that might be used as part of a transportation demand management district for the research park.
"To make the bus system work and to make it convenient, an HOV lane for buses seems to be the way to solve that problem," said Scharff.
The council did not take any formal action on the plan, but Cameron said the county would consider the comments made during the study session. For now, all of the projects will be included in the Expressway Plan 2040, which does not provide funding but sets the stage for amassing it.
"This is step one of what could be a fairly long, intensive process," she said.
Email Jason Green at jgreen@dailynewsgroup.com; follow him at twitter.com/jgreendailynews.