text:
Q: How do I apply a type of any to an object returned by an observable? I have a simple observable that is being used to retrieve the data from the url https://api.github.com/users, I want to be able to map this data so that I can only return the login property from each user contained in the array returned by the endpoint.
However when I try to call data => data.login on my map function, I get a compiler error saying that Property 'login' does not exist on type {}. I understand this is because the object being returned has no type.
Without creating an interface for the returned object, how can I apply a type of any to the object being exposed by the observable so that I can use map to transform it?
var githubStream = this.http.get('https://api.github.com/users');

githubStream.subscribe(out => {
    pipe(map(data => data.login))
});

A: you can add any to define the type of out
it will be something like that
var githubStream = this.http.get('https://api.github.com/users')

githubStream.subscribe((out: any) => {
  pipe(map(data => data.login))
});

A:     var githubStream = this.http.get<any>('https://api.github.com/users');

githubStream.subscribe(out => {
    pipe(map(data => data.login))
});

Updated

 protected getUsers<T>(url: string):  Observable<T> {
return this.http.get<any>(url)
.pipe(map(data => {
  return data.body
}));

}
this.getUsers.subscribe(data => {
      console.log(data.login)
    }


If you can stretch the budget a little further we think thats a worthwhile upgrade. The upgrade version uses branded PSR aero spokes and Italian hubs. Saving a significant 100 grams at the same time!
HUB Featuring FORMULA sealed hubs. Or Upgrade to Ambrosio Italian hubs.
Great wheels for a great price. Bought them for my wife's new bike and though her comments aren't too technical, she reckons they're really smooth, quiet and "seem like you're cycling on velvet" - think she's means the bearings are very good.
Awesome! These wheels fly. First week of riding with them and already hitting PR's all round. At least 2 mins faster on the climbs and wow do they go well on the flats. Steps on the pedals are met with instant smooth acceleration and they just keep on going. I ride with guys on wheels costing 4 times the price and you would not tell the difference. Service from Andy and Kinetic is the best I have ever experienced. Nothing is too much trouble. These are my second set of K1 wheels and I would not hesitate to come back for my third.
I Got In touch with Andy form Kinetic-1 who was very helpful, i ordered new wheels and they were delivered very promptly. Over the moon when they arrived & looked just great on the bike. I would definitely recommend people to these guys, Superb wheels with a fantastic friendly service.
These are my first pair of Kinetic wheels and I don't think they will be the last.My brother recommended Kinetic as an alternative to carbon wheels.I bought these for my winter training bike.My first ride could not have any tougher.We went over to Flanders to ride some of the famous cobbled climbs and roads.They performed really well and I was very impressed with the overall performance.I bought the dark grey so they also look stunning on my all black Ridley. Overall Great value for money.


As the Labor Day weekend arrives, the visiting Lancers came to the Leon Davis Events Center on a Thursday evening to spar with the Heralds of Whittier Christian. In what is always an entertaining and loud environment, the two schools bring their best, and tonight was no different.
The first set was a battle with WC taking a mid set lead and the Lancers storming back to cut it close. But the Heralds finished off the set with a mighty kill from Makena Morrison to quiet the visiting crowd. Her 15 total kills for the match led the Heralds tonight. Set two started off much the same way, as the two teams traded great net play and concluded long points with exceptional rallies. Senior Nicole Tiffany led the set with 5 kills. Senior Hannah Tobin, who had a game high 26 digs, was solid on the back line with her defense. Junior Setter Clare Jordan got the ball to her hitters, and Senior Middle Blocker Amanda Risch prowled the net, stuffing La Serna's hitter for two blocks.
In what ended up being the final set, the Heralds brought momentum from a comback win in the second, to dismantle the Lancers. Sophomore Setter Giselle Ramirez used a 10 point serving run to break open the set to which the Lancers could not respond. In the end, Senior DS, Lauren Rabago, solidfied the Heralds win by masterfully serving 6 straight points, including 1 ace.
Junior Varsity girls defeated the Lancers in straight sets 2-0, 25-11, 25-17.
Frosh girls defeated La Serna in 3 sets for a clean sweep of La Serna!!


East West is found on the album B-Side Collection, 1986-1992.
What a great life this must seem!
What a strange life this can be!
Lyrics © EMI Music Publishing, Sony/ATV Music Publishing LLC, SCHUBERT MUSIC PUBLISHING INC.
General CommentGenerally it's about homesickness. But the main thing here is that this song is awesome! One of his best and yet seemingly least known songs.
And for some strange reason, from the first time I heard it I've thought Dubstar could have made a great cover of it. Beats me.
We do not have any tags for East West lyrics. Why not add your own?


If I claim my daughter who is a full-time college student as a dependent, can she claim her own personal exemption when she files her return?
Can I receive a tax refund if I owe for a prior year's federal taxes since I am currently making payments under an installment agreement or payment plan?
Authorized representatives filing a form or written statement to change an address for a taxpayer must attach a copy of their power of attorney or Form 2848, Power of Attorney and Declaration of Representative. Unauthorized third parties can't change a taxpayer's address.
To meet the qualifying child test, your child must be younger than you and either younger than 19 years old or be a "student" younger than 24 years old as of the end of the calendar year.
There's no age limit if your child is "permanently and totally disabled" or meets the qualifying relative test.
An unmarried dependent student must file a tax return if his or her earned or unearned income exceeds certain limits. To find these limits, refer to Dependents under Who Must File, in Publication 501, Exemptions, Standard Deduction, and Filing Information.
Even if you don't have to file a federal income tax return, you should file if you can get money back (for example, you had federal income tax withheld from your pay or you qualify for a refundable tax credit). See Who Should File in Publication 501, for more examples.
If you can claim an exemption for your daughter as a dependent on your income tax return, she can't claim her own personal exemption on her income tax return. Your daughter should check the box on her return indicating that someone else can claim her as a dependent.
No, one of the conditions of your installment agreement is that any refund due to you, the IRS will automatically apply against taxes you owe. Because your refund isn't applied toward your regular monthly payment, continue making your installment agreement payments as scheduled until you pay your liability, including accrued penalties and interest, in full.
If your refund exceeds your total balance due on all outstanding liabilities including accruals, and you don't owe certain past-due amounts, such as federal tax, state tax, a student loan, or child support, you'll receive a refund of the amount over and above what you owe. For more information on these non-IRS refund offsets, you can call the Bureau of the Fiscal Service (BFS) at 800-304-3107 (toll-free).
If you didn't claim the correct filing status or you need to change your income, deductions, or credits, you should file an amended or corrected return using Form 1040X, Amended U.S. Individual Income Tax Return.
Include copies of any forms and/or schedules that you're changing or didn't include with your original return. To avoid delays, file Form 1040X only after you've filed your original return. Generally, for a credit or refund, you must file Form 1040X within 3 years after the date you timely filed your original return or within 2 years after the date you paid the tax, whichever is later.
A split refund lets you divide your refund, in any proportion you want, and direct deposit the funds into up to three different accounts with U.S. financial institutions. Use Form 8888, Allocation of Refund (Including Savings Bond Purchases), to request to have your refund split or to use part or all of your refund to buy up to $5,000 in paper or electronic U.S. Series I Savings Bonds for yourself or someone else.
Social security benefits include monthly retirement, survivor and disability benefits. They don't include supplemental security income (SSI) payments, which aren't taxable. The net amount of social security benefits that you receive from the Social Security Administration is reported in Box 5 of Form SSA-1099, Social Security Benefit Statement, and you report that amount on your income tax return (Form 1040, line 20a or Form 1040A, Line 14a). The taxable portion of the benefits that's included in your income and used to calculate your income tax liability depends on the total amount of your income and benefits for the taxable year. You report the taxable portion of your social security benefits on Form 1040, line 20b or Form 1040A, line 14b.
All of your other income, including tax-exempt interest.
$0 if you're married filing separately and lived with your spouse at any time during the tax year.
If you're married and file a joint return, you and your spouse must combine your incomes and social security benefits when figuring the taxable portion of your benefits. Even if your spouse didn't receive any benefits, you must add your spouse's income to yours when figuring on a joint return if any of your benefits are taxable.
You can figure the taxable amount of the benefits in Are My Social Security or Railroad Retirement Tier I Benefits Taxable?, on a worksheet in the Instructions for Form 1040, Instructions for Form 1040A, or in Publication 915, Social Security and Equivalent Railroad Retirement Benefits.
Individuals – Instructions for Form 1040, Instructions for Form 1040A, or Instructions for Form 1040EZ.
Businesses – Publication 15 (Circular E), Employer's Tax Guide, or the instructions of your current business tax forms.


Occupational Health services are not only about health and safety at work. They embrace the social, mental and physical well-being of employees at work and leisure. It is also a strong sign of commitment by the employer to the employees indicating their concern for the health and well-being of their work force and their working conditions.
Occupational Health conveys different messages to different people. For some, it may mean simply ensuring people are fit for the job that they are employed to do, the adaptation of work to the capabilities of the worker, or providing health and safety education and health promotion.
An Occupational Health service can help to combat some health inequalities. It can also boost local economic development by reducing sickness absence and help people to stay healthy and working.
Undertaking regular health checks and advising on work-related health issues, which affect us all, is part and parcel of Albacare's completely confidential Occupational Health service.
Legislation has at its heart a simple but enduring principle - those who create risk are best placed to control that risk, whether employers, the self-employed or manufacturers of articles or substances for use at work.
Albacare understands that in an ever changing business environments that flexibility and specificity is key, we also understand that not every client needs a whole or half day clinic to meet their needs.
It is for these reasons that Albacare is introducing Open Occupational Health Clinics at our Bathgate branch, with access to all of Albacares Occupational Health Services on an Ad-Hoc basis allowing small companies or self employed business people to meet their needs or for larger organisations to react quickly when required outside of normal clinic services.
Albacare's Open Occupational Health clinics can provide you with exactly what you need, give us a call today to book an appointment as see for yourself our excellent Occupational Health Services.


Iron Man Blocking Free Comic Book Day?
Iron Man the Triathlon, not the movie! Confused me also when I heard it. Anyhoo... Just in case, I want everyone to know that the corner of Bluff and Diagonal will be partially closed tomorrow during peak Free Comic Book Day hours. Plan on an alternate route! Here is my planned route to Comic Plus. If you know someone who is planning on attending please let them know so they don't get stuck in a traffic jam that lasts 5 hours! It could ruin your day, cause road rage and you'll end up in the slammer with D'argo here on the Cover for Farscape: D'argo's Quest #4. Drive safe and see you tomorrow!
UPDATE: Dave let me know through Facebook that the intersection of Bluff and Sunset will not be closed so you should still be able to go the normal way however they are closing parts of Bluff north of the intersection. Traffic will be heavier than usual. So just beware and eat an extra dose of patience for breakfast and or lunch.
Hey Guys here are some pencils from Warlord #13. I wanted to post something to the site and plug the issue. It is out in stores now, so go buy it! I think it is the best looking Warlord I've done yet. If you liked the Art in #10 you'll love the art in this issue. Also a reminder that I will be at Comics Plus this Saturday for Free Comic Book Day. I will have original art, sketchbooks, sketch cards, and issues of comics I've done. I'm going to be there for the long haul. I will also be doing commissions so bring yer money and help pay for my kid's operations (I hope I'm joking about the last bit). Also Will Estepp and Gerson Arevato if you guys are there you can pick up your cards! We had a great time last year. I hope we have a great time this year. Dave's Info is in the sidebar. If you haven't been to Comic's Plus in St. George Utah come check it out!
How many kids are sick in my house? All of them. My youngest two with strep throat, my older two with a virus. Joy has also fallen ill to the virus. I alone remain uninfected from the plagues of the apocalypse! Tasey seems to be a carrier for strep and the constant reinfection of her sister Erica may have to lead to a tonsillectomy.
Anyhoodle, The panel in San Francisco went awesome! Thank you very much to Dan Cooney and AAU for having me out. It was awesome to meet Chris Staggs (my roommate at the Sir Francis Drake), Dan Brereton, Chris Marrinan, and Justin Greenwood. It was also nice to reacquaint myself with Rashan Ekedal and Marvel's Talent Editor C.B. Cebulski (we met at Comic Con San Diego in 2005). C.B. Cebulski actually remembered me form a talent review half a decade previous so beware Marvel hopefuls out there. The guy has a mind like a steel trap (and he lurks on art forums) so BEHAVE yourselves! I was so nervous at the panel I felt like throwing up, I hope I didn't sound too bad. AAU filmed this so when it goes up on the web everyone can judge for themselves.
My friend Kenshi took these pictures of the event with his iPhone (Thank you Kenshi!). I hope to have some artwork up soon but I'm desperately behind due to illness in my family so please be patient. It is coming. I have more Warlord, Farscape, and Sketchcards coming soon.


Additionally, Barbara's brother, Bill, and niece, Amanda, also lost their lives as a result of this disease. The ups and downs of these three important people and promises made at Jim's death have led her to the work she does today. Establishing James' Place, Inc. and its educational arm Shatter the Stigma are important means to share knowledge and help other parents know they are not alone.
Barbara is straight-spoken with a coaching and teaching style that is direct, open-minded, and collaborative. She intentionally integrates humor into her work. Barbara has been an active member of The Compassionate Friends (TCF) since 2003. She currently serves as Vice President of the TCF national Board of Directors and Chapter leader for the Patapsco Valley Chapter in Ellicott City, Maryland, and often speaks at conferences and other gatherings.
Tom, Barbara's husband, is a fire protection engineer with one son, Ben, who lives in Arlington, VA. As Jim's step-father they forged a strong bond. Jim loved to cook on the grill and often schooled Tom on the fine art of this kind of cooking. They also shared a love of working with wood. Items that Jim made can be found around their home. Also active within The Compassionate Friends, Tom serves as treasurer of the Patapsco Valley Chapter.
Ron is a retired scientist for the U.S,. Navy. He has a B.S. in Mathematics from the University of Richmond.
JPI is a means for me to honor my daughter's journey and fight with addiction. Erika wanted to beat alcohol but couldn't. Helping others who are in need is something she would want; I want that, too. It is a way for me to give back. Having seen firsthand the horror of living with this disease, I couldn't live with myself if I didn't try to make a difference for others.
Rob's life is recovery, and he is a graduate from the University of Baltimore. He works closely with institutions and other programs to assure that their patients receive the best care possible. From his own fight with addiction/alcoholism, he understands the intensity of this disease. Rob believes he was put on this planet to help other alcoholics/addicts find a way up and a way out. There is nothing he enjoys more than helping others find hope. Rob resides in Baltimore, MD.
Christy is an IT Security Consultant with years of involvement in community and volunteering. She has spent over a decade with street outreach through meal delivery to the homeless and brought technology to women just out of prison and transitioning back into society. Christy was drawn to James' Place through its "Shatter the Stigma" initiative after alcoholism has continued to play a growing role in the lives of her loved ones. The "No Shame or Blame – Just Love" resonated with her as she continues to be a stand for all those affected by addiction and for those left in its wake.
Christy lost a best friend to the disease of alcoholism. She lost what should have been another 50 years of a wonderful friendship with Erika. The overwhelming sadness, confusion, and a desperate need to speak out led Christy to first seek avenues of support and education. She hopes to focus her energy towards community, awareness and action.
A Certified Health Education Specialist, Jen was a co-founding member of Baltimore Student Harm Reduction Coalition and served as the organization's first Executive Director. She is currently the Preventing Substance Exposed Pregnancies program manager under the Baltimore City Health Department's B'more for Healthy Babies initiative.
Prior to joining the Baltimore City Health Department, Jen enjoyed working on overdose prevention and response efforts with Behavioral Health System Baltimore. She is passionate about eradicating stigma and promoting healthy equity.
Jen received her master's degree in Health Education and Health Communication from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and holds an A.B. in Psychology from Vassar College.
James Place Inc. (JPI) means increasing options and removing barriers for individuals with Substance Use Disorders (SUD). It means "shattering the stigma" pervasive in our society about addictions of all types, and acknowledging that people with SUDs are people first. I serve on JPI's Board of Directors not only to honor my family and friends who have been greatly impacted by drug addiction, but also to advocate for all those who are not yet willing or able to speak up for themselves.
Rich has a B.S. in Commerce (Finance) degree from Rider University in Lawrenceville, NJ. He spent most of his career working for the New Jersey State Judiciary.
Initially, his responsibilities with the courts included the management of purchasing and accounting operations. In 2001, Rich was appointed as the Chief of Probation Child Support Enforcement and was responsible for overseeing statewide support enforcement operations. He held this position until his retirement in 2014.
Although substance abuse is a recurring theme in probation, Rich would be the first to tell you that he is not an expert in the field of addiction – at least not in the traditional sense. His education began in December 2005 when his daughter Kristen admitted to heroin use and sought help from her parents. Over the next eight months, Rich and his wife experienced a crash course in the circular and chaotic word of detox, recovery, relapse and overdose. The insanity was exacerbated by obstacles such as the lack of in-patient treatment beds, medical insurance limitations, HIPAA rules and initial ignorance of the disease. Finally the merry-go-round ended in July 2006, when Kristen perished from an overdose of heroin laced with fentanyl.
Through this family experience and subsequent recovery from the loss of a beloved daughter, Rich also became aware of the importance of education and community support in battling this disease. He credits family support groups such as Naranon and The Compassionate Friends as key components of his ongoing education and recovery.
Despite the loss of my daughter, I remain hopeful – hopeful that her legacy and that of all others lost will shed light on this terrible disease and help others. James' Place is acting on this vision of hope by promoting better community education and helping addicted individuals get the treatment they desperately need and deserve.
Bob joins the James' Place Board of Directors with a lifetime of experience managing health and addiction care. He founded and directed the Johns Hopkins Center for Pathological Gambling, a pilot outpatient and inpatient treatment program funded by the State of Maryland. This innovative program was the first of its kind in the nation open to the general public. As Director, he was the lead author of the first article that estimated the costs to society of pathological gambling.
Dr. Politzer has presented his work at conferences on gambling and risk-taking, and has co-authored several articles and a book chapter on the impact of pathological gambling and the benefits of treatment. Bob also spent 27 years in the U.S. Public Health Service as Senior Policy Advisor and Director of the Office of Data Evaluation Analysis and Research on behalf of the nation's health centers.


DHS may well be the only federal agency the funding of which will be increased by Congress this year, the Senate's senior budget adviser said. William Hoagland, senior budget adviser for Senate majority leader Bill Frist (R-Tennessee), said that homeland security issues will dominate this session of Congress, with funding increases expected for areas such as border security, Gulf Coast recovery operations, and technology to defend against weapons of mass destruction. Hoagland spoke at an event organized by Equity International and consulting firm McKenna Long & Aldridge. Hoagland said the DHS fiscal 2007 budget — which President Bush will submit to Congress on 6 February — could be boosted as much as 5 percent over this year's levels. "It is about the only budget in town that is going to continue to see growth [going] into the next year," he said.
Hoagland predicted that funding for border security will increase by as much as 10 percent and funding for science and technology to defend against weapons of mass destruction by as much as 35 percent. Congress likely will also approve another supplemental funding request of up to $30 billion to support ongoing Gulf Coast recovery. He added that Congress is expected to consider legislation which would fund cargo security, rail security, chemical security, and BioShield II, which offers liability protections to makers of vaccines and countermeasures to combat bioterrorism.
Not all areas of homeland security will see an increase in funding: Growing pressures to limit spending in some homeland security areas will likely mean less money for grants to state and local governments, he added. "The issues of grants to police, firefighters and other first responders I think will be the area where there will be restrictions, or at least limitations, on the rates of growth that we've experienced the last few years," he said.


IN A CERTAIN TOWN there lived a cobbler, Martin Avd�iteh by name. He had a tiny room in a basement, the one window of which looked out on to the street. Through it one could only see the feet of those who passed by, but Martin recognized the people by their boots. He had lived long in the place and had many acquaintances. There was hardly a pair of boots in the neighbourhood that had not been once or twice through his hands, so he often saw his own handiwork through the window. Some he had re-soled, some patched, some stitched up, and to some he had even put fresh uppers. He had plenty to do, for he worked well, used good material, did not charge too much, and could be relied on. If he could do a job by the day required, he undertook it; if not, he told the truth and gave no false promises; so he was well known and never short of work.
One day an old man from Martin's native village who had been a pilgrim for the last eight years, called in on his way from Tr�itsa Monastery. Martin opened his heart to him, and told him of his sorrow.
'What else should one live for?' asked Martin.
From that time Martin's whole life changed. Formerly, on holidays he used to go and have tea at the public house, and did not even refuse a glass or two of v�dka. Sometimes, after having had a drop with a friend, he left the public house not drunk, but rather merry, and would say foolish things: shout at a man, or abuse him. Now, all that sort of thing passed away from him. His life became peaceful and joyful. He sat down to his work in the morning, and when he had finished his day's work he took the lamp down from the wall, stood it on the table, fetched his book from the shelf, opened it, and sat down to read. The more he read the better he understood, and the clearer and happier he felt in his mind.
He read these verses and thought: 'He gave no water for his feet, gave no kiss, his head with oil he did not anoint. . . .' And Martin took off his spectacles once more, laid them on his book, and pondered.
'Martin!' he suddenly heard a voice, as if some one had breathed the word above his ear.
He started from his sleep. 'Who's there?' he asked.
Next morning he rose before daylight, and after saying his prayers he lit the fire and prepared his cabbage soup and buckwheat porridge. Then he lit the samov�r, put on his apron, and sat down by the window to his work. As he sat working Martin thought over what had happened the night before. At times it seemed to him like a dream, and at times he thought that he had really heard the voice. 'Such things have happened before now,' thought he.
So he sat by the window, looking out into the street more than he worked, and whenever any one passed in unfamiliar boots he would stoop and look up, so as to see not the feet only but the face of the passer-by as well. A house-porter passed in new felt boots; then a water-carrier. Presently an old soldier of Nicholas' reign came near the window spade in hand. Martin knew him by his boots, which were shabby old felt ones, goloshed with leather. The old man was called Step�niteh: a neighbouring tradesman kept him in his house for charity, and his duty was to help the house-porter. He began to clear away the snow before Martin's window. Martin glanced at him and then went on with his work.
Yet after he had made a dozen stitches he felt drawn to look out of the window again. He saw that Step�nitch had leaned his spade against the wall, and was either resting himself or trying to get warm. The man was old and broken down, and had evidently not enough strength even to clear away the snow.
He stuck his awl in its place, and rose; and putting the samov�r on the table, made tea. Then he tapped the window with his fingers. Step�nitch turned and came to the window. Martin beckoned to him to come in, and went himself to open the door.
'May God bless you!' Step�nitch answered. 'My bones do ache to be sure.' He came in, first shaking off the snow, and lest he should leave marks on the floor he began wiping his feet; but as he did so he tottered and nearly fell.
Step�niteh emptied his glass, and, turning it upside down, put the remains of his piece of sugar on the top. He began to express his thanks, but it was plain that he would be glad of some more.
'Have another glass,' said Martin, refilling the visitor's tumbler and his own. But while he drank his tea Martin kept looking out into the street.
'Are you expecting any one?' asked the visitor.
Step�nitch shook his head in silence, finished his tumbler and laid it on its side; but Martin stood it up again and refilled it for him.
Step�nitch forgot his tea. He was an old man easily moved to tears, and as he sat and listened the tears ran down his cheeks.
'Come, drink some more,' said Martin. But Step�nitch crossed himself, thanked him, moved away his tumbler, and rose.
'You're very welcome. Come again another time. I am glad to have a guest,' said Martin.
Step�nitch went away; and Martin poured out the last of the tea and drank it up. Then he put away the tea things and sat down to his work, stitching the back seam of a boot. And as he stitched he kept looking out of the window, waiting for Christ, and thinking about him and his doings. And his head was full of Christ's sayings.
Two soldiers went by: one in Government boots the other in boots of his own; then the master of a neighbouring house, in shining goloshes; then a baker carrying a basket. All these passed on. Then a woman came up in worsted stockings and peasant-made shoes. She passed the window, but stopped by the wall. Martin glanced up at her through the window, and saw that she was a stranger, poorly dressed, and with a baby in her arms. She stopped by the wall with her back to the wind, trying to wrap the baby up though she had hardly anything to wrap it in. The woman had only summer clothes on, and even they were shabby and worn. Through the window Martin heard the baby crying, and the woman trying to soothe it, but unable to do so. Martin rose and going out of the door and up the steps he called to her.
'Haven't any milk. I have eaten nothing myself since early morning,' said the woman, but still she took the baby to her breast.
Martin sighed. 'Haven't you any warmer clothing?' he asked.
'Who knows? All things are possible,' said the woman. And she got up and threw the cloak over her shoulders, wrapping it round herself and round the baby. Then she bowed, and thanked Martin once more.
'Take this for Christ's sake,' said Martin, and gave her sixpence to get her shawl out of pawn. The woman crossed herself, and Martin did the same, and then he saw her out.
'Then we old ones must show them better ways,' Martin replied.
'That's just what I say,' said the old woman. 'I have had seven of them myself, and only one daughter is left.' And the old woman began to tell how and where she was living with her daughter, and how many grandchildren she had. 'There now,' she said, 'I have but little strength left, yet I work hard for the sake of my grandchildren; and nice children they are, too. No one comes out to meet me but the children. Little Annie, now, won't leave me for any one. "It's grandmother, dear grandmother, darling grandmother."' And the old woman completely softened at the thought.
'Of course, it was only his childishness, God help him,' said she, referring to the boy.
'Who is it?' muttered Martin.
'It is I,' said the voice. And out of the dark corner stepped Step�nitch, who smiled and vanishing like a cloud was seen no more.
'It is I,' said the voice again. And out of the darkness stepped the woman with the baby in her arms and the woman smiled and the baby laughed, and they too vanished.
'It is I,' said the voice once more. And the old woman and the boy with the apple stepped out and both smiled, and then they too vanished.
'Inasmuch as ye did it unto one of these my brethren even these least, ye did it unto me' (Matt. xxv).
And Martin understood that his dream had come true; and that the Saviour had really come to him that day, and he had welcomed him.


The Wobble Ball Toy from P.L.A.Y. is a treat dispensing toy that will provide your dog with hours of enrichment and interactive fun. All dog owners need to do is put in some treats and their dog will do the rest!
The unique shape of this toy allows it to roll around unpredictably. Your dog will smell the treats and be able to hear them rolling around inside, piquing their interest. They will get rewarded for their intelligence and persistence.
Another nice thing about this treat dispensing toy is that it is dishwasher safe. You simply screw off the top, remove the insert, and place all three pieces in the dishwasher for easy cleaning.


text:
The French and Spanish governed Arkansas from 1686 through 1803. The Arkansas area became part of the United States in the Louisiana Purchase.
The [[Territory of Arkansas]] was designated by the U.S. Congress in 1819, when an area roughly shaped like the present State of Arkansas was cleaved away from the Territory of Missouri. Arkansas Post was originally established as the seat of territorial government, but in 1820 the capitol was moved west to [[Little Rock]].
''Arkansas Territorial Censuses''
Arkansas achieved statehood on June 15, 1836.
The State of Arkansas was originally a part of the Louisiana Territory acquired from France in 1803. It later was part of Missouri Territory, and in 1813 most of what became the state formed Arkansas County, with Arkansas Post as the county seat. In 1819 the county became the Territory of Arkansas, with a capitol at Arkansas Post. In 1820 the territorial capitol moved to Little Rock.
Arkansas was admitted to the Union on June 15, 1836. It was the twenty-fifth state to join the Union. Arkansas' admission to the United States is enshrined in the Constitution of 1836. The state had four subsequent constitutions in 1861, 1864, 1868, and 1874. The state today shares borders with Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and Texas.
Arkansas Territorial Censuses

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Жан Алларме де Броньи (; ок. 1342, Анси-ле-Вье, королевство Франция — 16 февраля 1426, Авиньон, Папская область) — французский куриальный кардинал, доктор обоих прав. Епископ Вивье с 11 августа 1382 по 12 июля 1385. Вице-канцлер Святой Римской Церкви с 1391 по 1408 и с 1409 по 1426. Декан Священной Коллегии Кардиналов с июня 1412 по 16 февраля 1426. Кардинал-священник с титулом церкви Сант-Анастазия с 12 июля 1385 по 13 июня 1405. Кардинал-протопресвитер с мая 1404 по 13 июня 1405. Кардинал-епископ Остия и Веллетри с 13 июня 1405 по 16 февраля 1426.

Ранние годы
Родился Жан Алларме де Броньи около 1342 года, Пети-Броньи, в деревушке Анси-ле-Вье, королевство Франция. Происходил из скромной семьи. Сын Мерме Фракзона. Его также указывали как Жана Фрасона и Жана Алларме, называемого де Броньи, а его фамилия как Алюзье, Арме де Броньяк, Броньяк, Брогье, Брюньяк, д'Эмброньяк и Фракзон. Его называли кардиналом Вивьеским или Остийским.

Жан Алларме де Броньи учился в Анси, Женеве и Авиньоне, получил докторскую степень in utroque iure, как в каноническом, так и в гражданском праве в 1379 году.

Генеральный викарий митрополии Вьенна. Каноник соборного капитула Женевы. Капеллан или камергер антипапы Климента VII. Декан Гапа в начале 1382 года. Жан Алларме де Броньи было рукоположен в диакона. Когда и где был рукоположен в священника информация отсутствует.

Епископ
11 августа 1382 года Жан Алларме де Броньи был избран епископом Вивье, занимал епархию до своего возведения в кардиналы. Когда, где и кем был рукоположен, информация отсутствует.

Кардинал
Возведён в кардинала-священника с титулом церкви Сант-Анастазия на консистории от 12 июля 1385 года. Советник антипапы по делам Неаполя в августе 1386 года, в сентябре 1387 года и январе 1388 года. В январе 1390 года он вмешался в переговоры по мирному договору между антипапой Климент VII и Раймундом де Тюренном. Вице-канцлер Святой Римской Церкви с 1391 года (авиньонского, затем пизанского послушания). Кардинал де Броньи присутствовал при смерти антипапы Климента VII 16 сентября 1394 года.

Участвовал в антиконклаве 1394 года, который избрал антипапу Бенедикта XIII. Исполнитель завещания кардинала Гийома д'Эгрефоя младшего, 24 сентября 1394 года и легатарий кардинала Жан де Муроля, 19 сентября 1397 года. Покинул антипапу Бенедикта XIII 1 сентября 1398 года, вернулся вскоре после этого. Кардинал-протопресвитер в мае 1404 года.

13 июня 1405 года кардинал де Броньи был избран для сана кардиналов-епископов и субурбикарной епархии Остия и Веллетри. Покинул антипапу Бенедикта XIII в 1408 году и был смещён им 21 октября того же года. Он отправился в Италию, где работал на преодоление раскола. Присутствовал на Пизанском соборе.

Участвовал в антиконклаве 1409 года, который избрал антипапу Александра V. Антипапа снова назвал его вице-канцлером Святой Римской Церкви и подтвердил его как епископа Остии и Веллетри.

Участвовал в антиконклаве 1410 года, который избрал антипапу Иоанна XXIII. Кардинал де Броньи рукополагал в епископа нового антипапу в воскресенье 25 мая 1410 года, в соборе Сан-Петронио, в Болонье. Назначен вице-камерленго антипапы. Апостольский администратор епархии Арля, с 24 ноября 1410 года, овладел её 27 декабря. Назначен генеральным викарием епископа Вайсона 6 марта 1419 года, в Салоне. Направлен в Констанцу, чтобы подготовить вселенский собор, который был торжественно открыт 5 ноября 1414 года, где кардинал де Броньи председательствовал на соборе как декан, как старейший по возрасту из всех кардиналов..

Участвовал в Конклаве 1417 года, который избрал Папу Мартина V. Рукополагал нового папу римского в епископа в воскресенье 14 ноября 1417 года в пресвитерие собора Констанцы. Он вошёл в Папскую курию во Флоренции 4 мая 1419 года. Он отправился в Тиволи с Папой 17 июня 1421 года, покинул 21 июля. Он был временно заменён на посту вице-канцлера кардиналом Жаном де Рошталье. 23 октября 1422 года он отправился из Рима в Сутри и вернулся 26 декабря того же года. Апостольский администратор Женевы с 3 декабря 1423 года.

Жан Алларме де Броньи основал доминиканские монастыри в Ле-Пюи, Тиволи и Анси, больницу и цистерцианский женский монастырь в Броньи и Коллеж Сен-Никола в Авиньоне, для двадцати студентов.

Скончался кардинал Жан Алларме де Броньи, в субботу, 16 февраля 1426 года, в Риме. Похоронен в капелле Святого Мартина, в патриаршей Ватиканской базилике. В 1428 году его останки были перенесены в коллегиатскую капеллу Маккавеев, которую он основал, в старом соборе Нотр-Дам Женевы.

Примечания

Ссылки
 Информация .

Кардиналы Франции
Кардиналы антипапы Климента VII
Кардиналы-протопресвитеры
Псевдокардиналы
Папские легаты
Доктора обоих прав
Епископы Вивье

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Ellen Pakkies with actress Jill Levenberg, who portrays her in the local film Ellen, Die Storie Van Ellen Pakkies, which has been selected for viewing at the 44th Annual Seattle International Film Festival.
These were the desperate words that finally drove a Cape Flats mother to kill her own son.
This week, a film telling the life story of Lavender Hill mom, Ellen Pakkies, and her tragic tik-addicted son, Adam, premiered in Cape Town.
There wasn't a dry eye in the room when media and local celebrities came out to watch Ellen, The Ellen Pakkies Story at the kykNET Silwerskerm Festival, held at The Bay Hotel in Camps Bay, on Wednesday night.
The blue carpet was rolled out and the 600-seater venue was packed to the rafters for the much-anticipated true-life story, which will be released in cinemas on 7 September.
Ellen made world headlines in 2007 when she admitted to strangling her son to death in his tiny shack at the back of her home.
She told a court that Adam, aka Abie, had been terrorising her and her husband for years, stealing from her and breaking all her windows and even assaulting her in fits of rage when she refused to feed his tik habit.
Ellen was also at the premiere and sobbed as the film was introduced.
She refused to grant any interviews.
Actress Jill Levenberg, from Kensington, brings the mom's tale to life on the silver screen, and said: "I was honoured to have this big role as I can identify with her. I wanted to do justice to Ellen's story because since the murder of Abie Pakkies, nothing's changed. There are still so many Ellens out there and we are living in a war zone with drug abuse on the Cape Flats.
The role of Ellen's lawyer, Adrian Samuels, is played by Clint Brink, who says he hopes the movie is an eye-opener to people.
"Drugs have infiltrated our community and I hope this film opens the eyes of drug merchants and addicts to see what they are doing to us," he says.
Jarrid Geduld plays Abie, while the role of husband Odneal Pakkies is played by Elton Landrew.
Ellen gave input into the script and also helped recreate scenes for the movie, which was directed by Daryne Joshua and shot in her Lavender Hill home, where she still lives.


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Kněžice – gmina w Czechach, w powiecie Chrudim, w kraju pardubickim
 Kněžice – gmina w Czechach, w powiecie Igława, w kraju Wysoczyna
 Kněžice – gmina w Czechach, w powiecie Nymburk, w kraju środkowoczeskim
 Kněžice (przystanek kolejowy)

Zobacz też


The joint venture includes airline group KLM's pension fund, the Dutch railways retirement scheme and Achmea.
Dutch asset management companies Achmea Investment Management, Blue Sky Group and SPF Beheer launched a joint venture this week dedicated to private equity co-investments.
With assets of at least €165 billion among them, according to PEI data, the trio will invest alongside GPs and become a long-term backer of "good-quality companies" globally.
Achmea IM, the largest of the three with more than €130 billion in assets, serves more than 35 pension funds and insurance companies in the Netherlands. Blue Sky is the pension fund manager and administrator of airline group KLM and SPF Beheer the Dutch railways employee pension funds.
Here's what we know about the group's co-investment platform.
The JV is the first tie-up of its kind in the Dutch investor community. The alliance was three years in the making and involved a lengthy process of getting chief investment officers and senior management on board and fully aligned, Achmea senior portfolio manager Jos Van Gisbergen told Private Equity International.
While AlpInvest Partners, which invests capital from major Dutch pensions APG and PGGM had a similar structure, Van Gisbergen noted that the trio's JV has a narrower focus. "We have very clearly said: 'This is what we stand for, this is what we want, and how we operate'", he added.
Van Gisbergen called the initiative an open platform where the three groups come together in equal standing in investment decision-making. Achmea IM, Blue Sky and SPF Beheer each have a member on the JV's limited partner advisory committee.
Pooling capital from their client base, the JV will target small to mid-cap companies in the US and Europe with a market value of between €200 million and €300 million.
"We don't want to be involved in big auction processes where we see too large transactions. In our view there's already too much money available for that part of the market. Our preference goes to small to mid-cap where we can help really the companies in that space," Van Gisbergen said.
He added that the group will work with its GPs as well as an undisclosed external advisor who has multiple offices across the globe to select investments. Each party will bring their dealflow on to the platform.
The JV will have an annual fund and capital that isn't deployed in co-investments by the end of 2019 will be returned to the group.
Asked whether the reason for setting up the JV is to reduce costs incurred with its managers, Van Gisbergen noted cost is simply one element. The other driving factor behind the JV is to build more sustainable small to mid-cap companies.
"What we have here in the Dutch market is a very prominent ESG focus. We like sustainable, long-term, good quality companies that have ESG factors in place," he said.
Fossil fuels, tobacco and anything connected with the weapon industry are no-go areas. The usual hot sectors such as consumer-oriented and technology will be favoured.


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Due to ABC11's preseason coverage of the Carolina Panthers NFL football game starting at 7 p.m. on Thursday, episodes of Jeopardy and Wheel of Fortune will air on WTVD Live Well network.
You can find Live Well on channel 11.2 over the air, on Spectrum Cable channel 1240, or check your local listings from your provider for additional viewing. , The Gong Show on ABC will be pre-empted and Match Game will air at 1:07am on ABC11 after Nightline.
Take Two is scheduled to air at 10 p.m. followed by ABC11 Eyewitness News at 11 p.m.


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A few of the university's projects that have refined Chico State over the last decade
By Melissa Daugherty
Colusa Hall
PHOTO BY MICHELLE CAMY
Normal Avenue Parking Structure
Sutter Hall
Colusa Hall received a facelift back in 2010 that turned the university's oldest structure—the only building dating back to the original Normal School—into a conference and classroom facility with modern audio/visual equipment. Prior to the remodel, it served as administrative offices, classrooms and food service. Funded by Chico State's Regional and Continuing Education.
Budget: $3.3 million
Chico State's new four-story parking facility is also home to the University Police Department, Environmental Health and Safety and the Campus Information Center. It was completed in 2012 on the site of a longtime parking lot and was paid for through a variety of sources, mainly parking revenues and campus reserves.
Budget: $14.2 million
The two-building Sutter Hall, on the north side of campus along Legion Avenue, comprises more than 110,000 square feet. The five-story structure is home to student housing and a dining facility for its approximately 200 residents. The two-story structure also holds offices, recreation areas and other space for those living on campus. The facility opened in 2010. Paid for primarily through revenues from housing fees.
Budget: $60 million
Replacing the old portable buildings at Second and Ivy streets, the modern Student Services Center opened its doors to students back in fall 2008. The 120,000-foot brick-and-stucco facility houses offices such as Admissions, Career Planning and Placement, Upward Bound and Financial Aid. State bond funded.
The relatively small single-story facility adjacent to Bidwell Mansion comprises 9,698 square feet. Gateway Science Museum was completed in 2009 and is home to permanent exhibits highlighting aspects of the North State's natural environment, as well as broader traveling exhibits. The project received a $3 million state grant via Proposition 40, but the bulk of it was paid for through private donations.
Designing district
Chico Unified revamps high schools and junior highs, seeks further bond funding primarily for elementary schools.
Butte and Glenn County voters will have their say this November on a $190 million bond measure for Butte College.
Decade-old master plan adds urban elements to historic campus.
Changing spaces
A time of evolution, growth for local campuses.
'We are robbers, or we must be conquerors'
The controversial history of the Bear Flag and the revolt that led to its creation.


How can you be absolutely certain that on Day 1 your new system flawlessly handles Texas State Reporting and Texas Billing Rules? Listen to this pre-recorded webinar and hear how Streamline does Texas State Reporting and Billing right.
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Sturgeon is a recurring character in The Legend of Zelda series.
In The Wind Waker, Sturgeon is a wise, elderly man who lives on Outset Island with his granddaughter, Sue-Belle, on the upper floor of a home where his younger brother, Orca, also resides. Whereas his brother will spend the entire day studying the art of fighting, Sturgeon will lock himself in his room and study all day, expanding his knowledge. Although very wise, Sturgeon has a very hot temper, and is hardly accommodating. He is easily angered by Orca's training, and often refers to his brother as a "hooligan". Even though he despises swordfighting, he was actually once an accomplished swordsman himself.
At the beginning of the game, Sturgeon will teach Link the game's basic controls, such as L-Targeting. In Sturgeon's room, Link can see papers tacked to the walls, titled "Sturgeon's One-Point Lessons". These articles contain useful information on basic game mechanics, such as Hearts, Saving, the use of Area Maps, and so on.
In his youth, Sturgeon set out with his brother on an arduous quest to collect ten Knight's Crests, which would allow them to learn a powerful new sword technique. However, even after many long years and adventures beyond count, they were unable to even approach finding ten crests, and they both grew old. If Link brings presents 10 Knight Crests to Orca, he will teach Link the technique that they were never able to master: The Hurricane Spin.
Sturgeon also makes an appearance in The Minish Cap where he spends most of his days in the library in Hyrule Town. Sturgeon is convinced that some of the books from the library move on their own. It is, in fact, the Minish who live in the library who are behind this.
Sturgeon's name comes from the large fish called a Sturgeon. His brother, Orca, is also named after a sea creature.
FrenchEU Adhoc From the Latin phrase, Ad hoc, meaning "for this." Also similar to the word "haddock," which is a type of fish.
From the Latin phrase, Ubi maior minor cessat, meaning "Where there is the superior, the lesser loses his authority"


I've finally got my act together.
Fruitofhisdeath, if you think my teaching is completely incompatible with the terms of the new covenant then surely so are your comments. You being on this blog is clearly unhelpful to all concerned. Is there any reason why I shouldn't ban you from comments?
Glen: Yay!! It's like Christmas has come early. 361 days early, to be precise.
And I can't think of any good reason for not banning fruitofhisdeath.
My first doctrine lecture session (I get my second and more in a week!) had two halves of the room debate 'no creed but the bible' or whatever, and I was delegated as muggins trying to argue for it. In a cloud of rhetoric and confidence I gave a convincing flurry of nonsense, but only convincing as neither my side or the other side (or at least those whom I talked to) spotted the massive fallacies (appeals to history, historical fallacies, appeals to theologians - that appeal was given straight faced to me by my side, appeals to theological method - all undermining the point) I was making (I tried my best to be charitable to the view).
I fear fruitofhisdeath is making the same mistake here as I was, only believing his own bluster - attacking sermons/devotionals, but giving such things in every comment. No revelation outside the crucifixion, except (of course) the secret gnosis he has and the out of context verses he peppers in every post.
My blog will send all your comments to moderation from now on. There are people who want to learn and/or interact fruitfully and your constant sniping puts off many. I will be able to read your comments but none will be automatically posted to the site.
Thanks for the great resources Glen! I've suddenly got a VPN that works here and can access the blog - it's been great feasting! Any chance of visiting China one day and doing some work with International Students here?
Thank you Glen! :) Will be reading and listening a lot! Happy New Year!
So glad for the sermon scripture index! It's also nice to have a place to go to to hear your latest message. Thank you for providing this resource and for all the effort that went into providing such a fine gift during this Christmastide!
This particular posting, "My Sermons and Daily Devotions Indexed « Christ the Truth" was beneficial.
I'm producing out a backup to present to my good friends.


Great building site, backing to NF, and Lake Forest just one block away! Walking and biking paths, and access to unlimited acres of national forest. View of Pagosa Peak. Very private, yet close to all amenities.


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text:
Prime Minister Dr the Hon. Keith Rowley has appealed to the business community to continue to adhere to the COVID-19 protocol regulations. The Prime Minister called on the management of these businesses to enforce sanitisation, physical distancing and to limit the number of persons in stores to prevent the spread of the virus.
Dr Rowley made the comments during a media conference held at the Diplomatic Centre, St Ann's today (Wednesday 23rd December, 2020).
No changes to the existing COVID-19 Regulations were announced at today's media conference. The existing regulations have been extended to the 10th January, 2021.
The Prime Minister also appealed to Trinidadians heading to Tobago for the Christmas period to be responsible. Dr Rowley said law enforcement officers will be out in their numbers as it will not be "a free-up zone".
Dr Rowley said, once the World Health Organization designates a suitable COVID-19 vaccine it will be administered in Trinidad and Tobago and that he would be the first in line to take the vaccine.
Chief Medical Officer (CMO) Dr Roshan Parasram said the Ministry of Health will adopt a 'wait and see' approach with regard to the efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine against the emergence of a new strain of the virus in the United Kingdom.
Minister of National Security, the Hon. Stuart Young confirmed that 150 farm workers in Canada will be repatriated on a Caribbean Airlines flight on the 28th December, 2020.
Minister Young said the total number of exemptions granted to enter Trinidad and Tobago as of December 23rd, 2020 is 9,557.
Prime Minister Rowley thanked all the frontline workers for their service for 2020 and wished the national community a Merry Christmas.
Dec 21 2020 / Courtesy Calls
Meeting with Venezuelan Ambassador


The Garrett family has a long lineage of players who have made it to the professional level. Father Jim, and brothers Jason and John have all played or coached in the NFL or WLAF.
Judd Garrett was drafted in the 12th round of the 1990 NFL draft by the Philadelphia Eagles. He'd be released, but quickly placed on Dallas' IR list. The WLAF London Monarchs would draft Judd to play runningback for the team in 1991. While Garrett would spend very little of his time rushing the ball, he'd be an exceptional receiver out of the backfield, making a league high 71 receptions in 1991. In World Bowl I, he'd set a World League record with 13 receptions during the game. He'd return to the Monarchs in 1992, and while the team sunk, Judd would still amass 55 more receptions, finishing his brief career as the WLAF's leading receiver with 126 catches. He's also notable as being the first points scored in the WLAF as he was stuffed in the endzone by the Frankfurt Galaxy for a safety.
After playing for the WLAF he'd sign with the Cowboys again. I'd get his autograph at camp but he'd not make the squad. Garrett would play in the CFL for two seasons after that with the Las Vegas Posse (1994) and the San Antonio Texans (1995) before his playing career ended.
Judd went into coaching where he's served with the Saints (1997-1999), Dolphins (2000-2005), Rams (2006-2007) and is currently serving in the front office of the Cowboys along with his brothers Jason and John. I attempted to get the autographs of all 3 earlier this year, but met with no success. I sent again just to Judd in early August and was happy to get a seven day turn around plus a very nice thank-you letter for being a fan and for following him and the league.


Uncomplicated urinary tract infection is one of the most common indications for antibiotic use in the community. However, the Gram-negative organisms that can cause the infection are becoming more resistant to antibiotics.
Many multidrug resistant organisms retain susceptibility to two old antibiotics, nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin. Advantages over newer drugs include their high urinary concentrations and minimal toxicity.
Fosfomycin is a potential treatment option for patients with uncomplicated urinary tract infection due to resistant organisms. Nitrofurantoin may be more effective and can be used for urinary infections in pregnant women.
Antimicrobial resistance is increasing worldwide, resulting in infections that are more difficult to treat and associated with higher mortality, morbidity and cost.1-3 In Australia, multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacilli are responsible for a rising proportion of community-acquired uncomplicated urinary tract infections. Consequently, empiric therapy is more likely to fail. This has resulted in increasing numbers of patients with uncomplicated urinary tract infections requiring hospitalisation for intravenous antibiotics because there are no oral treatment options.
Limited Australian data are available for antimicrobial resistance rates in community-onset urinary tract infections.4,5 One large national survey of urinary isolates from 2015 found resistance rates in Escherichia coli of 43% for ampicillin, 9% for amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, 16% for cefazolin, 22% for trimethoprim, and 7% for ciprofloxacin.6 It is likely that resistance rates have continued to rise since then.
There are few new antibiotics on the horizon and those that have been recently approved are mostly for intravenous use, so older 'forgotten' drugs are being re-explored for the treatment of cystitis.7-10 Nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin are old antibiotics. They share some important properties including high concentrations in the urinary tract, a minimal impact on gastrointestinal flora and a low propensity for resistance (Table).
Nitrofurantoin has 80% oral bioavailability, and approximately 25% is excreted unchanged in the urine, with only a small portion reaching the colon.12 Like fosfomycin, therapeutic concentrations are only reached in the urinary tract,13 so the clinical use of nitrofurantoin is limited to the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infection in women. Administration with food results in higher urinary concentrations and fewer gastrointestinal adverse effects.
Historically nitrofurantoin was thought to be contraindicated if the creatinine clearance was less than 60 mL/minute due to an increased risk of toxicity. However, recommendations have been changing to allow cautious, short-term use in patients with mild renal impairment (30–60 mL/min) if there are no alternative antibiotics.20,21 Nitrofurantoin can be used to treat cystitis in pregnancy (although not beyond 38 weeks gestation due to the risk of haemolytic anaemia in the neonate).
Nitrofurantoin became a preferred drug in the international consensus guidelines for urinary tract infection in 2010.22 These emphasised the lower rates of 'collateral damage' on gastrointestinal flora.23-24 It remains to be seen if resistance rates increase as a consequence of this recommendation and the subsequent rise in nitrofurantoin prescribing. The true incidence of major hepatic and pulmonary toxicity is unclear, but this appears to be more common with long-term use in the elderly.14 For the short-term treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infection in otherwise healthy young women, nitrofurantoin is a safe and effective choice, and overall efficacy and rates of adverse events appear similar to comparator antibiotics. In patients with infections due to multidrug resistant organisms and therefore few alternative treatment options, we recommend using 100 mg four times daily for five days, administered with food to optimise absorption and efficacy.
Fosfomycin was first isolated in Spain in 1969, and was introduced in Europe throughout the 1970s.25 It is a small molecule from a unique drug class that acts by inhibiting pyruvyl transferase. This enzyme is responsible for synthesising the precursors of peptidoglycan, the key component of the bacterial cell wall. Uptake in the USA was initially limited due to problems with susceptibility testing, but this was standardised in 1983.
In Australia, fosfomycin was only previously available via the Special Access Scheme. The Therapeutic Goods Administration has now approved it for acute uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection, in females more than 12 years of age, caused by susceptible organisms (Enterobacteriaceae including E. coli, and Enterococcus faecalis).
As fosfomycin has a unique structure there is minimal cross-resistance with other antibiotics. At present, many multidrug resistant isolates remain susceptible to fosfomycin, even in geographic regions where there has been widespread use of the drug.35,36 No comprehensive studies examining fosfomycin susceptibility have been conducted in Australia.
While resistant subpopulations of bacteria may develop with fosfomycin exposure, resistant strains do not seem to easily survive in vivo.32,37-40 However, there are multiple resistance mechanisms and there are reports of increasing resistance correlating with higher fosfomycin usage in Spain.32,41-43 Plasmid-mediated resistance, which could disseminate more readily, has been described in Japan,44 and among livestock45 and pets46 in China.
As low serum concentrations lead to treatment failures, fosfomycin is not appropriate for patients with bacteraemia or upper urinary tract infections such as pyelonephritis. Occasionally, longer courses have been used to treat complicated urinary tract infection, for example as completion therapy when there are no oral alternatives to intravenous antibiotics.57 There is also an emerging role in prostatitis and perioperative prophylaxis for urological procedures in men.60-62 Specialist infectious diseases input should be sought for these complex cases if off-label use or prolonged courses of therapy are being considered.
Fosfomycin is generally well tolerated, with adverse events rare and usually transient. Gastrointestinal events (9% diarrhoea, 4% nausea) have been most commonly reported with rare reports of other more serious problems.26 Co-administration with metoclopramide can lower serum and urinary concentrations and should be avoided, but there are few other problematic drug interactions. Fosfomycin is classified in pregnancy category B2. It is not recommended in breastfeeding as small amounts are excreted in breast milk. Given there are minimal data on use in children under 12 years of age, it is not advised for this group.
In Australia, we currently recommend reserving fosfomycin for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infection in patients when the standard first-line drugs are not an option. Part of the rationale behind this is to minimise the emergence of resistance and prolong the usefulness of fosfomycin for patients without alternative options.35 As resistance to other drugs inevitably rises and local experience increases, fosfomycin may become a first-line option in the future.
While re-exploring older 'forgotten' drugs like nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin is a useful strategy, it represents only part of the multifaceted response required to tackle the complex problem of antimicrobial resistance and 'preserve the miracle' of antimicrobials over the coming decades.63 As we have seen historically with virtually all other antibiotics, resistance is likely to emerge as usage increases. It remains to be seen how long this will take, to what extent it will occur and whether it will be via dissemination of existing resistance mechanisms or evolution of new ones. The increasing failure of standard empirical therapy for urinary tract infection is foreseeable, and it is likely that more patients will require microbiological testing before starting antibiotics, not only for individualised patient management but also for broader epidemiological surveillance to inform guideline recommendations.
Consultation with an infectious diseases specialist can assist with the management of patients with multidrug resistant infections and leads to better outcomes.64 Other important strategies include the development of new antimicrobial drugs, preserving those currently available by judicious use, implementation of comprehensive antimicrobial stewardship programs and stringent infection control practices worldwide to reduce the spread of resistant organisms.
Nitrofurantoin is suitable for uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections. Bacterial resistance is uncommon.
Fosfomycin is a safe and effective antibacterial drug for urinary tract infections, but its use should be limited to delay the development of resistance. It will prove to be a useful treatment option for community-based treatment of patients with resistant organisms.
Bradley Gardiner and Iain Abbott are supported by Australian Government National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Research Training Program Scholarships (APP1150351 and APP1114690). Andrew Stewardson is supported by an NHMRC Fellowship (APP1141398). Anton Peleg is part funded through an NHMRC Practitioner Fellowship (APP1117940) and is the recipient of an investigator-initiated research grant from Merck, Sharp & Dohme.
Walker E, Lyman A, Gupta K, Mahoney MV, Snyder GM, Hirsch EB. Clinical management of an increasing threat: outpatient urinary tract infections due to multidrug-resistant uropathogens. Clin Infect Dis 2016;63:960-5.
Prakash V, Lewis JS 2nd, Herrera ML, Wickes BL, Jorgensen JH. Oral and parenteral therapeutic options for outpatient urinary infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae producing CTX-M extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamases. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2009;53:1278-80.
Spellberg B, Guidos R, Gilbert D, Bradley J, Boucher HW, Scheld WM, et al.; Infectious Diseases Society of America. The epidemic of antibiotic-resistant infections: a call to action for the medical community from the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2008;46:155-64.
Turnidge JD, Gottlieb T, Mitchell DH, Coombs GW, Pearson JC, Bell JM; Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance. Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance Community-onset Gram-negative Surveillance Program annual report, 2010. Commun Dis Intell Q Rep 2013;37:E219-23.
Turnidge JD, Gottlieb T, Mitchell DH, Coombs GW, Daly DA, Bell JM; Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance. Enterobacteriaceae Sepsis Outcome Programme annual report, 2013. Commun Dis Intell Q Rep 2014;38:E327-33.
Pulcini C, Mohrs S, Beovic B, Gyssens I, Theuretzbacher U, Cars O; ESCMID Study Group for Antibiotic Policies (ESGAP), ReAct Working Group on Old Antibiotics. Forgotten antibiotics: a follow-up inventory study in Europe, the USA, Canada and Australia. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2017;49:98-101.
Boucher HW, Talbot GH, Benjamin DK Jr, Bradley J, Guidos RJ, Jones RN, et al.; Infectious Diseases Society of America. 10 x \u201920 Progress--development of new drugs active against gram-negative bacilli: an update from the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2013;56:1685-94.
Gardiner BJ, Golan Y. Ceftazidime-avibactam (CTZ-AVI) as a treatment for hospitalized adult patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2016;14:451-63.
Maseda E, Aguilar L, Gimenez MJ, Gilsanz F. Ceftolozane/tazobactam (CXA 201) for the treatment of intra-abdominal infections. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2014;12:1311-24.
McOsker CC, Fitzpatrick PM. Nitrofurantoin: mechanism of action and implications for resistance development in common uropathogens. J Antimicrob Chemother 1994;33 Suppl A:23-30.
Cunha BA. New uses for older antibiotics: nitrofurantoin, amikacin, colistin, polymyxin B, doxycycline, and minocycline revisited. Med Clin North Am 2006;90:1089-107.
Grayson ML, Cosgrove SE, Crowe SM, Hope W, Mccarthy JS, Mills J, et al., editors. Kucers\u2019 the use of antibiotics: a clinical review of antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic and antiviral drugs. 7th ed. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press; 2017.
Sanchez GV, Babiker A, Master RN, Luu T, Mathur A, Bordon J. Antibiotic resistance among urinary isolates from female outpatients in the United States in 2003 and 2012. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016;60:2680-3.
Sanchez GV, Baird AM, Karlowsky JA, Master RN, Bordon JM. Nitrofurantoin retains antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant urinary Escherichia coli from US outpatients. J Antimicrob Chemother 2014;69:3259-62.
Sandegren L, Lindqvist A, Kahlmeter G, Andersson DI. Nitrofurantoin resistance mechanism and fitness cost in Escherichia coli. J Antimicrob Chemother 2008;62:495-503.
Huttner A, Verhaegh EM, Harbarth S, Muller AE, Theuretzbacher U, Mouton JW. Nitrofurantoin revisited: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015;70:2456-64.
Huttner A, Kowalczyk A, Turjeman A, Babich T, Brossier C, Eliakim-Raz N, et al. Effect of 5-day nitrofurantoin vs single-dose fosfomycin on clinical resolution of uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection in women: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2018;319:1781-9.
American Geriatrics Society 2015 Beers Criteria Update Expert Panel. American Geriatrics Society 2015 updated Beers criteria for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2015;63:2227-46.
Singh N, Gandhi S, McArthur E, Moist L, Jain AK, Liu AR, et al. Kidney function and the use of nitrofurantoin to treat urinary tract infections in older women. CMAJ 2015;187:648-56.
Gupta K, Hooton TM, Naber KG, Wullt B, Colgan R, Miller LG, et al.; Infectious Diseases Society of America; European Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. International clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis in women: a 2010 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the European Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Clin Infect Dis 2011;52:e103-20.
Stewardson AJ, Vervoort J, Adriaenssens N, Coenen S, Godycki-Cwirko M, Kowalczyk A, et al.; SATURN WP1 Study Group; SATURN WP3 Study Group. Effect of outpatient antibiotics for urinary tract infections on antimicrobial resistance among commensal Enterobacteriaceae: a multinational prospective cohort study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2018;24:972-9.
Stewardson AJ, Gaia N, Francois P, Malhotra-Kumar S, Del\u00e9mont C, Martinez de Tejada B, et al. Collateral damage from oral ciprofloxacin versus nitrofurantoin in outpatients with urinary tract infections: a culture-free analysis of gut microbiota. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015;21:344 e1-11.
Hendlin D, Stapley EO, Jackson M, Wallick H, Miller AK, Wolf FJ, et al. Phosphonomycin, a new antibiotic produced by strains of streptomyces. Science 1969;166:122-3.
Iarikov D, Wassel R, Farley J, Nambiar S. Adverse events associated with fosfomycin use: review of the literature and analyses of the FDA adverse event reporting system database. Infect Dis Ther 2015;4:433-58.
Seitz M, Stief C, Waidelich R. Local epidemiology and resistance profiles in acute uncomplicated cystitis (AUC) in women: a prospective cohort study in an urban urological ambulatory setting. BMC Infect Dis 2017;17:685.
Cho YH, Jung SI, Chung HS, Yu HS, Hwang EC, Kim SO, et al. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in health care-associated urinary tract infection: focus on susceptibility to fosfomycin. Int Urol Nephrol 2015;47:1059-66.
Rossignol L, Vaux S, Maugat S, Blake A, Barlier R, Heym B, et al. Incidence of urinary tract infections and antibiotic resistance in the outpatient setting: a cross-sectional study. Infection 2017;45:33-40.
Raz R. Fosfomycin: an old--new antibiotic. Clin Microbiol Infect 2012;18:4-7.
Keepers TR, Gomez M, Celeri C, Krause KM, Biek D, Critchley I. Fosfomycin and comparator activity against select Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas, and Enterococcus urinary tract infection isolates from the United States in 2012. Infect Dis Ther 2017;6:233-43.
Sherry N, Howden B. Emerging Gram negative resistance to last-line antimicrobial agents fosfomycin, colistin and ceftazidime-avibactam - epidemiology, laboratory detection and treatment implications. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2018;16:289-306.
Wijma RA, Koch BC, van Gelder T, Mouton JW. High interindividual variability in urinary fosfomycin concentrations in healthy female volunteers. Clin Microbiol Infect 2018;24:528-32.
Vasoo S, Cunningham SA, Cole NC, Kohner PC, Menon SR, Krause KM, et al. In vitro activities of ceftazidime-avibactam, aztreonam-avibactam, and a panel of older and contemporary antimicrobial agents against carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacilli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015;59:7842-6.
Falagas ME, Maraki S, Karageorgopoulos DE, Kastoris AC, Mavromanolakis E, Samonis G. Antimicrobial susceptibility of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Enterobacteriaceae isolates to fosfomycin. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2010;35:240-3.
Mart\u00edn-Guti\u00e9rrez G, Docobo-P\u00e9rez F, Rodriguez-Beltr\u00e1n J, Rodr\u00edguez-Mart\u00ednez JM, Aznar J, Pascual A, et al. Urinary tract conditions affect fosfomycin activity against Escherichia coli strains harboring chromosomal mutations involved in fosfomycin uptake. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017;62:e01899-17.
Marchese A, Gualco L, Debbia EA, Schito GC, Schito AM. In vitro activity of fosfomycin against gram-negative urinary pathogens and the biological cost of fosfomycin resistance. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2003;22 Suppl 2:53-9.
Nilsson AI, Berg OG, Aspevall O, Kahlmeter G, Andersson DI. Biological costs and mechanisms of fosfomycin resistance in Escherichia coli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003;47:2850-8.
Karageorgopoulos DE, Wang R, Yu XH, Falagas ME. Fosfomycin: evaluation of the published evidence on the emergence of antimicrobial resistance in Gram-negative pathogens. J Antimicrob Chemother 2012;67:255-68.
Oteo J, Bautista V, Lara N, Cuevas O, Arroyo M, Fern\u00e1ndez S, et al.; Spanish ESBL-EARS-Net Study Group. Parallel increase in community use of fosfomycin and resistance to fosfomycin in extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli. J Antimicrob Chemother 2010;65:2459-63.
Sorlozano A, Jimenez-Pacheco A, de Dios Luna Del Castillo J, Sampedro A, Martinez-Brocal A, Miranda-Casas C, et al. Evolution of the resistance to antibiotics of bacteria involved in urinary tract infections: a 7-year surveillance study. Am J Infect Control 2014;42:1033-8.
Rodr\u00edguez-Avial C, Rodr\u00edguez-Avial I, Hern\u00e1ndez E, Picazo JJ. [Increasing prevalence of fosfomycin resistance in extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli urinary isolates (2005-2009-2011)]. Rev Esp Quimioter 2013;26:43-6.
Wachino J, Yamane K, Suzuki S, Kimura K, Arakawa Y. Prevalence of fosfomycin resistance among CTX-M-producing Escherichia coli clinical isolates in Japan and identification of novel plasmid-mediated fosfomycin-modifying enzymes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010;54:3061-4.
Ho PL, Chan J, Lo WU, Law PY, Li Z, Lai EL, et al. Dissemination of plasmid-mediated fosfomycin resistance fosA3 among multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli from livestock and other animals. J Appl Microbiol 2013;114:695-702.
Hou J, Huang X, Deng Y, He L, Yang T, Zeng Z, et al. Dissemination of the fosfomycin resistance gene fosA3 with CTX-M \u03b2-lactamase genes and rmtB carried on IncFII plasmids among Escherichia coli isolates from pets in China. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012;56:2135-8.
Stein GE. Comparison of single-dose fosfomycin and a 7-day course of nitrofurantoin in female patients with uncomplicated urinary tract infection. Clin Ther 1999;21:1864-72.
Minassian MA, Lewis DA, Chattopadhyay D, Bovill B, Duckworth GJ, Williams JD. A comparison between single-dose fosfomycin trometamol (Monuril) and a 5-day course of trimethoprim in the treatment of uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection in women. Int J Antimicrob Agents 1998;10:39-47.
Fosfomycin for urinary tract infections. Med Lett Drugs Ther 1997;39:66-8.
Van Pienbroek E, Hermans J, Kaptein AA, Mulder JD. Fosfomycin trometamol in a single dose versus seven days nitrofurantoin in the treatment of acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections in women. Pharm World Sci 1993;15:257-62.
Falagas ME, Vouloumanou EK, Togias AG, Karadima M, Kapaskelis AM, Rafailidis PI, et al. Fosfomycin versus other antibiotics for the treatment of cystitis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Antimicrob Chemother 2010;65:1862-77.
Neuner EA, Sekeres J, Hall GS, van Duin D. Experience with fosfomycin for treatment of urinary tract infections due to multidrug-resistant organisms. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012;56:5744-8.
Seroy JT, Grim SA, Reid GE, Wellington T, Clark NM. Treatment of MDR urinary tract infections with oral fosfomycin: a retrospective analysis. J Antimicrob Chemother 2016;71:2563-8.
Falagas ME, Kastoris AC, Karageorgopoulos DE, Rafailidis PI. Fosfomycin for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli: a systematic review of microbiological, animal and clinical studies. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2009;34:111-20.
Rodr\u00edguez-Ba\u00f1o J, Alcal\u00e1 JC, Cisneros JM, Grill F, Oliver A, Horcajada JP, et al. Community infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli. Arch Intern Med 2008;168:1897-902.
Pullukcu H, Tasbakan M, Sipahi OR, Yamazhan T, Aydemir S, Ulusoy S. Fosfomycin in the treatment of extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli-related lower urinary tract infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007;29:62-5.
Veve MP, Wagner JL, Kenney RM, Grunwald JL, Davis SL. Comparison of fosfomycin to ertapenem for outpatient or step-down therapy of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase urinary tract infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2016;48:56-60.
Senol S, Tasbakan M, Pullukcu H, Sipahi OR, Sipahi H, Yamazhan T, et al. Carbapenem versus fosfomycin tromethanol in the treatment of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase- producing Escherichia coli-related complicated lower urinary tract infection. J Chemother 2010;22:355-7.
Matthews PC, Barrett LK, Warren S, Stoesser N, Snelling M, Scarborough M, et al. Oral fosfomycin for treatment of urinary tract infection: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Infect Dis 2016;16:556.
Gardiner BJ, Mahony AA, Ellis AG, Lawrentschuk N, Bolton DM, Zeglinski PT, et al. Is fosfomycin a potential treatment alternative for multidrug-resistant gram-negative prostatitis? Clin Infect Dis 2014;58:e101-5.
Grayson ML, Macesic N, Trevillyan J, Ellis AG, Zeglinski PT, Hewitt NH, et al. Fosfomycin for treatment of prostatitis: new tricks for old dogs. Clin Infect Dis 2015;61:1141-3.
Rhodes NJ, Gardiner BJ, Neely MN, Grayson ML, Ellis AG, Lawrentschuk N, et al. Optimal timing of oral fosfomycin administration for pre-prostate biopsy prophylaxis. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015;70:2068-73.
Spellberg B, Blaser M, Guidos RJ, Boucher HW, Bradley JS, Eisenstein BI, et al.; Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). Combating antimicrobial resistance: policy recommendations to save lives. Clin Infect Dis 2011;52 Suppl 5:S397-428.
Burnham JP, Olsen MA, Stwalley D, Kwon JH, Babcock HM, Kollef MH. Infectious diseases consultation reduces 30-day and 1-year all-cause mortality for multidrug-resistant organism infections. Open Forum Infect Dis 2018;5:ofy026.


afridigitals is a web solution and digital creative corporation. we are a crew of experts enthusiastic about what we do and our tradition of excellence is the predominant issue that separates us from other firms. at afridigitals, we make aware effort in each challenge to exceed the expectations of our clients. first-class warranty and effective mission management are a number of our strengths.
afridigitals works with manufacturers of various sizes – multinationals, smes, and start-ups.


Perhaps best known for our strong narrative story-telling abilities, Lumina Films has created dozens of award-winning films for our clients. Working predominately with pharmaceutical companies to create compelling, non-branded, emotional dramas to aid in various marketing campaigns, our films have ranged from three to thirty five minutes in length. We also work with national and state-wide government institutions where our films address issues from school violence, adoption, HIV prevention, inner city reform and battling opioid addiction.
Click here or on the image below to view a few of our Long-Form Narrative films.
In a hurry and don't have time for the whole film? Click here for a few short trailers.
Lumina Films has been creating interactive video since 2001, before it was a popular buzz phrase, producing a feature-length "choose-your-own-adventure" dealing with school violence for the New York State Governor's office. Since then we have created interactive videos for education, product branding, entertainment and healthcare. Most recently, "The Choice is Yours" for Grey Group, is an interactive experience that follows Anna, a woman suffering from RA, as she goes through her day making choices that effect her both physically and mentally.
Click here to experience "The Choice is Yours", interactively. Flash Player must be installed on your computer. Unfortunately, it does not currently work on an iPhone.
Click here if you do not have flash and would like to watch the non-interactive version.
Lumina Films has created national, regional and social media commercials for agencies large and small.
Click here for a sample of our hospital and healthcare spots.
Lumina Films is an award-winning full service media company telling dynamic stories for its clients since 1996.
A consortium of Producers, Directors, Cinematographers, Writers, Editors and Graphic Designers, we are passionate about what we do, pride ourselves on the quality of our work and would love to collaborate with you!
Our clients include: NYU Langone Medical Center, Grey Group, Publicis Group, Arnold Worldwide, Big Arrow Group, Merkley Partners, DDB, Havas, Colangelo & Partners, Hill & Knowlton, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Johnson & Johnson, Bayer, Amgen, Merck, Mylan and Novarti.


If you look closely as you walk through the BCF worship center, you can see the work that goes into making Sunday happen 52 weeks a year. Every detail from the programs you receive as you walk through the door to the prayer request that you leave on your way out has been thoughtfully assembled by our dedicated teams.
Clean, organize and re-set the building for Sunday services. Saturday mornings at 10:00 am.
Help print, fold, and stuff programs during the week.
Count the offering on Sunday afternoons.
Enter information on connection cards into a database.
Translate the program notes to Spanish on Saturday from home or translate the message live for one service on Sunday.
Pray over the weekly prayer requests.
Visit those that are sick or in the hospital to talk and pray with them, offering encouragement.
Help with special projects around the church, from maintenance to construction.


Ah such fun on this blog site. Here are some 6-word stories. Think I may try playing with some myself!
you fools. Less is not more.
More is more. Feed me now!
I'm stuck here, tomorrow never arrives.
Yeah! I will surely try them!
All of them are so cool!
Eyes are the most attractive part.
His are cold, hers are dead.
It's strange this six-word thing.
Excuse an Englishman his cricket metaphors.
Hit by lyrics of a miss.
Scrub the nonsense will you please.
I can't resist these damn things!
"Let's talk." He closed his eyes.
Every word makes you ask questions.


text:
Quebec City Outside the Walls (Part 1)
In 2012 I visited Quebec City, Canada, for the first time. Looking for a story beyond its well-known historic heart, I ventured into the area to the west of the Old Town.
The resulting article languished in limbo after the magazine I wrote it for suddenly stopped publishing freelance submissions. But now the story can be told...
"Café allongé, s'il vous plait."
A-lon-zhay. I like it, I like the way it rolls around my tongue. It's my favourite new French word.
A café allongé is what's simply known as a long black in Australia – but as we all know, everything sounds better in French. Even here in Quebec, Canada's French-speaking province.
I'm sitting inside Paillard (1097 Rue St Jean), a cross between a boulangerie and a café on Quebec City's fashionable Rue St Jean.
It has a grand, lofty interior which looks as if it might have once belonged to a bank. It's lined with cabinets of pastries and long communal tables occupied by people browsing newspapers and sipping coffee, conditioning themselves for the day ahead.
It's a pleasant airy space, and I'm tempted to linger. But today I've set myself the task of exploring outside the walls.
In Quebec City, most tourist activity takes place "Inside the Walls"; that is, within the 18th century fortifications erected against invaders. The old district within this area is beautiful, a collection of historic buildings and narrow winding streets with a distinctly European feel.
Unfortunately, that also means tourist crowds, including meandering tour groups, are concentrated in this part of the city; and I'm interested in seeing what else Quebec City has to offer beyond its trademark Old Town icons such as the towering Chateau Frontenac hotel.
So I finish my coffee and wander up the street until I reach the St Jean Gate. It's an imposing structure of neat grey stone blocks and a conical green spire, looking in surprisingly good condition for its apparent age.
Then I notice the "1897" carved into its surface. I later discover that 19th century British Governor-General Lord Dufferin intervened to stop the destruction of the walls, but allowed the gates to be rebuilt in order to facilitate traffic and provide a pedestrian walkway above the streets.
I stroll through the gate, and I'm now outside the walls in Place d'Youville. After the Disney-like visual perfection of Old Quebec, this irregularly-shaped plaza is a refreshing dose of the real world.
It's lined by a jumble of buildings from different eras, including the grand Capitole (972 Rue St Jean), a theatre and hotel whose Italian restaurant dominates the sidewalk with pot plants and red umbrellas.
The Capitole abuts the grim facade of an 1870s YMCA building, with a soaring brown modernist office building nearby and the Palais Montcalm music venue opposite.
Montcalm was the French general who lost Quebec City to the British in 1759, and died at the scene of the battle.
I don't know whether he'd be consoled by his name being used by a venue presenting "classique, jazz, musique contemporaine, chanson et rythmes du monde", but I like to think he would.
A steep walk alongside the walls and a dog-leg through an undistinguished park with concrete paths, and I suddenly pop out in front of the splendid Fontaine de Tourny.
The fountain so beautifully complements the Quebec Parliament Building (1045 Rue des Parliamentaires) across the road beyond it, that it seems it's been here for centuries.
In fact it's only been in this location since 2008, when it was presented to Quebec City on the occasion of the city's 400th anniversary. Before that, it lived in Bordeaux, France, one of a pair which won a prize at the 1855 World Fair in Paris.
It's an extravagant cast iron fountain, a confection of scantily clad figures resting beneath a basin bedecked with cherubs and fish, and large metal frogs spouting water like there's no tomorrow...
Next post: Surprising statues, a momentous battlefield, a chocolate museum, and an unexpected hobbit.
Disclosure time... On this trip I travelled courtesy of the Canadian Tourism Commission.
Labels: architecture, Canada, culture, drink, history, North America, Quebec, Québec, Quebec City, Québec City
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Indie Theatres of Melbourne 2: La Mama


Spring is in the air… can you feel it? Any day now, kids bitten by spring fever will shed their coats and hats, exchanging them for short sleeves and sweet dresses.
Celebrate spring and the shedding of all those outer layers with Tea Collection's Spring Fever Event: 3/13 – 3/16! During the event, buy any 3 items and get 10% off, buy 4 and get 15% off, buy 5 and get 20% off! Kids will smile when they can toss the coat aside and have something bright and new to reveal underneath. You'll smile because you scored a great deal… and it's spring!


text:
«Босоніж» () — фільм Тіля Швайгера, знятий у 2005 році. Швайгер також зіграв у фільмі головну роль — Ніка Келлера, брав участь у виробництві фільму і написанні сценарію. Слоган фільму: «Wie weit gehst du, Wenn du verliebt bist?» («Як далеко ти готовий зайти, коли закоханий?»).

Сюжет
Нік — хронічний невдаха. Він не може затриматися на жодній роботі. Всі, окрім матері, вважають Ніка аутсайдером. У черговий раз йому дають місце прибиральника в психлікарні. Пропрацювавши там всього один день, Нік рятує хвору Лайлу від самогубства. Їй 25 років, вона по-дитячому наївна, завжди ходить босоніж і ніколи не жила реальним життям. Мати не випускала дочку з дому 19 років, а після її смерті Лайлу направили до психіатричної лікарні. Дівчина потайки вистежує свого рятівника і з'являється на порозі його квартири, заявляючи, що тепер вона буде жити з ним. Нік намагається повернути Лайлу у психлікарню, але безуспішно. Тоді він бере її з собою в подорож на весілля рідного брата. Спочатку, Лайла дратує Ніка, але поступово вони починають розуміти один одного і стають практично рідними. Ця подорож змінює їхнє життя і їх самих. Однак, все коли-небудь закінчується. Їх знаходять, Лайлу запроторюють назад до божевільні, а Нік потрапляє у поліцію, звідки його випускають під заставу. Але тепер Лайла і Нік вже абсолютно впевнені, що не зможуть жити один без одного. «Ми танцювали, ми купували квитки і їли морозиво … і поливали квіти, ми спали в одному ліжку, милувалися місяцем і я чула, як б'ється його серце …» Тоді Нік йде на відчайдушний крок і, симулюючи своє психічне нездоров'я, потрапляє до психіатричної лікарні до Лайли. У кінці фільму ми бачимо Ніка і Лайлу в супермаркеті: Нік вчить її купувати продукти.

Саундтреки

• Barefoot — Ray Collins Hot Club

• Emma — Leilas Theme Part 1 — Score

• Absolutely Entertaining Titel — Mariha

• Hallelujah — Rea Garvey

• Walk With Me — Rea Garvey

• Get Ready — Score

• Ich Habe Sein Herz Gehoert — Filmdialog

• White Sands — Score

• Dont Leave Home — Dido

• Good Times — Score

• Smile — Score

• I Feel — Andru Donalds

• Still Falling — Saybia

• Sadness — Score

• Drei Tage — Filmdialog

• Emma — Leilas Theme Part 2 — Score

• Its Alright — Cameron

• Got Me Swinging — Score

• The Day Has Come — Score

• Hope — Score

• Free Floating — Score

• Electric — Madrugada

• I Feel Piano — Score

• End Of The Road — Score

• This Is The Day — Cameron

• Shaking That Boogie — Ray Collins Hot Club

Нагороди
 Bambi Awards
 Undine Awards, Австрія
 German Camera Award — номінація
 German Film Awards — номінація
 Golden Camera, Німеччина — номінація

Примітки

Посилання

Фільми Німеччини 2005
Кінокомедії 2005
Кінокомедії Німеччини
Фільми німецькою мовою


text:
Q: Seeking a survey of community-accepted specific applications of XML Wikipedia list -- 'business and industry'
List by Doug Barry, a consultant
These are about all I can find for lists of generally-accepted applications for XML.  This mystifies me.  I feel sure there are lots more in use or under development, and I'd think everyone would be eager to see them promoted and cross-pollinated.
What got me going on this was a review of the SGF file format for recording board games.  As I expected must be the case, there's an XML replacement underway.  I know some mind mapping programs use XML for storing files.  Flow-charting (and similar diagramming) is another area I'd expect to be handled.
Do you know of a clearing-house resource with more complete information about XML in  its various specific usages?

A: XML is considered more or less a universal way to store information of all kinds, especially if you are sharing data between two different computer systems over the internet.  So there is no generally-accepted cross-section of programs for which XML is (not) appropriate.
XML is a somewhat "heavy" way of representing information, which is why alternate representations of data exist.  In particular, JSON is becoming popular as an alternate data interchange format for certain uses such as Ajax calls.

A: I got it:  xml.coverpages.org.
The key was searching on "Survey XML Schema" and chasing a link or two.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Johan Frederik Knorr is not listed on the local birth registry as his older and younger siblings were. Johan's death certificate however does list Johann George Knorre and Justina Elisabeth Hoffman as his parents. Johan was born in Hoxter while all his older and younger siblings were born in Niedermeiser. Interestingly Johan had an older brother with the same name, Johan, who also reached adulthood.
In the Netherlands in 1811 the Napoleonic decree made it law that the head of each family register at their local municipality a chosen surname. This led to a large increase in newly adopted 'fixed' surnames. Particularly in the north and east of the Netherlands where many families had until this time not used permanent surnames. Rather from generation to generation they would adopt the male parents first name as a surname for the next generation and as a result each successive generation would have a different last name (surname). Many families, begining with nobility, adopted surnames at a much earlier date, even as early as the sixteenth century. In 1811 Johan Frederik Knorre registered the surname Knorr in Bolsward.


Last week my family and I visited the annual Suraj Kund Mela, Faridabad as an outing for my birthday celebration. Barely 50 min drive from South Delhi, we took lunch with us and feasted inside the colorful craft fest.
In my search of different global artforms, I came across traditionally rich Russian folk art, beautiful cross stitch hand embroidered textiles. These embroidered textiles were traditionally made by peasant women and customarily by girls for their wedding trousseau.