text:
\section{\bf{Introduction}}

In recent years, the demand for using wearable technology has increased dramatically with the advancement of technology and the growth of the Internet of Things (IoT). Wearable devices are extending their applications in many diverse domains from consumer electronics, such as smartwatches and activity trackers for monitoring one's fitness and wellness, to medical devices that track a patient's vital physiological signs such as heart rate and brain activity. Such devices usually process real-time data, read from multimodal sensors continuously, and suffer from resource-bound and limited battery budget due to their small size, online monitoring, and portability. Therefore, minimizing the power dissipation of these devices while meeting real-time requirements is a subject of interest \cite{kim2017kernel, jafari2018sensornet, page2015utilizing, abtahi2017accelerating, abtahi2018accelerating}.

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are among the effective machine learning (ML) approaches that are employed majorly in the processing units of such devices. DNNs can extract featured information from raw multimodal time-series signals without much prior knowledge of the signal \cite{jafari2018sensornet}. However, DNNs with high-precision weights consume high-energy operations and require large blocks of memories for storing and processing the DNN model. To tackle the problem of memory and power consumption, weight pruning and weight quantization techniques \cite{chen2015compressing, shen2018least, han2015deep} as well as low precision weight networks \cite{courbariaux2016binarized,courbariaux2015binaryconnect,rastegari2016xnor} have been proposed in recent years as effective approaches to compressing DNN models. \cite{courbariaux2016binarized}, \cite{courbariaux2015binaryconnect}, and \cite{rastegari2016xnor} proposed respectively BinaryConnect (BC), Binarized Neural Network (BNN), and Binary-Weight-Networks (BWN), all of which constrain every weight of the neural network to either $-1$ or $+1$, that can be stored in the smallest possible unit of memory, i.e. 1 bit ($0$ for $-1$ and $1$ for $+1$), thereby allowing to pack as many weights in as a memory entry can accommodate. In BNNs, not only the weights but the feature-map is also constrained to $-1$ or $+1$, thus resulting in bit-wise operations between each neuron output and every synapse weight. Due to the minimal aspects of binary weight DNNs, they have gained significant attention recently. BNNs work well on small datasets \cite{courbariaux2016binarized}, and will be shown in this work that they can be employed on physiological time-series data as well.

Time-series data classification in ML applications is conventionally processed with techniques such as Dynamic Time Warping (DWT), Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) \cite{karim2018lstm}. These techniques have complicated algorithms and hardware implementation, and mainly deal with complex input data such as text or speech. DNNs, nevertheless, have also been used in the classification of time-series data \cite{jafari2018sensornet,zheng2014time}. In this approach, the real-time data is cut and buffered into frames of samples that may or may not contain specific patterns, e.g. seizure pattern, that annotate the frame with specific labels. The frame of temporal data can be multi-channel and can be used as raw data or processed in the frequency domain to feed a DNN, or represented as an image-like frame whose sequence of image rows follow the sequence of sensors that pick data, e.g. EEG sensors on the skull can represent the brain activity spatially and temporally \cite{soleymani2016analysis}.

In this paper, a low-power scalable hardware is proposed for multimodal physiological data classification that uses BNNs. In its Verilog HDL, the number of PEs and memory width can be adjusted to fit the minimal energy consumption given an application. The hardware is designed to be minimal, and use resource sharing and on-chip memories at its finest.

The main contributions of this paper include:
\begin{itemize}
\item Train two physiological case studies including Physical Activity Monitoring, and Stress Detection for BNNs
\item Improve BNN accuracy by increasing the number of parameters to achieve the same accuracy as full-precision
\item Propose a scalable parallel hardware for BNN inference that can be configured for different number of PEs, and memory width, both of which adjustable for minimal classification energy given a case study.
\item Propose an operation skipping technique, referred to as \textit{Pool-Skipping}, for Max-Pool layer in BNNs that can skip more than 25\% of effectless operations accompanied with MP and 22\% of the BNN operations in total.

\item Analyze hardware parameters, including energy vs memory width, and energy vs number of PEs and find the optimal configuration per case study on FPGA and on ASIC.
\item Synthesis and Implementation of the platform on FPGA and post place-and-route ASIC layout in 65nm CMOS technology, and provide the energy and time reports of the two case studies.
\end{itemize}

\section{\bf{Related Work}}
Several multimodal data classification methods have been proposed recently. \cite{jafari2018sensornet} proposed a complexity-reduced Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) for physiolog- ical case studies and a 16-bit hardware platform for their inference. \cite{zheng2014time} proposed an architecture that uses a CNN per variable and tested their CNN on Congestive Heart Failure Detection and on Physical Activity Monitoring datasets with detection accuracies of respectively 94\% and 93\%. \cite{li2017concurrent} proposed a scalable system that addresses concurrent activity recognition. Their model extracts temporal and spatial features from a multimodal sensory data by means of a 7 layer CNN followed by an LSTM and is tested on three activity datasets. \cite{yao2017deepsense} introduced DeepSense which is a deep learning framework that integrates DNNs and RNNs for addressing feature customization challenges in sensory datasets. \cite{radu2016towards} investigated the opportunity to use deep learning for identifying nonintuitive features from cross-sensor correlations by means of an RBM. In \cite{kim2017kernel} a kernel decomposing scheme in binary-weight networks is proposed that skips redundant computations and achieves 22\% energy reduction on image classification. BiNMAC is proposed in \cite{GLSVLSI-ali} which is a programmable manycore accelerator for BNNs designed for physiological and Image processing case studies.

\section{\bf{Binarized Neural Networks}}
BNNs constrain both weights and the feature-map to either $-1$ or $+1$. Similar to full-precision DNNs, BNNs consist of layers equivalent to those of the standard DNNs, albeit implemented rather differently; for the first layer of BNN, data from each input channel are in full-precision values, but model weights of the BNN are trained and constrained to either $-1$ or $+1$. Therefore, Multiply-Accumulation (MAC) operations are replaced by a series of ADDs/SUBs. For the next layers, all input features are binarized using binary activation functions (AF) and packed inside registers. Therefore, a MAC operation between two vectors that hold such packed weights can be performed by summing (considering $0$ as $-1$) over the result of the bit-wise $xnor$ of the two vectors. The summation over the bits of a register is referred to as $population-count$ and denoted by $pcnt$ in this work.

In order to apply the $AF$ to the real-valued variables and transform them to either $-1$ or $+1$, deterministic binarization function is proposed for AF by \cite{courbariaux2015binaryconnect} which is essentially a $sign$ function as shown in equation (\ref{eq:eq-deter}), where $x$ is the real-valued variable and $x_b$ is its binarized value.

    \begin{equation}

      x_{b} \text{ = sign($x$) = }\begin{cases}
                   \,+1\qquad if x\geq 0\\
                  \,-1\quad otherwise,
                \end{cases}
    \label{eq:eq-deter}
    \end{equation}
Thus, the feed-forward path of a layer, that is traditionally denoted with $Y=AF(W.X+B)$ in standard DNNs, can be formulated for BNNs by equation (\ref{eq:BNNoperation1}):

\begin{equation}
Y = sign( pcnt( xnor (W,X)) )
\label{eq:BNNoperation1}
\end{equation}
where \textit{X} and \textit{W} are respectively tensors of input (feature-map) and weights with bias ($B$) implicitly included, $xnor$ performs bit-wise $xnor$ operations on rows from \textit{W} and columns from \textit{X}, $pcnt$ sums over the result of this bit-wise operation, and \textit{sign} is the AF applied to the generated scalar value from $pcnt$. As explained earlier, from a hardware point of view it is more efficient for both binarized weights and feature-map to be packed in memory entries. For example, one row of a binarized $W_{128\times128}$ can be stored in 4 memory entries of a 32-bit machine, and the whole matrix can be packed inside 512 entries (2KB). Therefore, practically in an M-bit computing machine, the population-count part in equation (\ref{eq:BNNoperation1}) should be performed as per every chunk of aligned bit-wise $xnor$. Hence, before applying the activation function the population-count needs to be carried out several times until the completion of fetching all patch elements that contribute to generating one output value. This accumulation, before applying the $sign$ AF, can be denoted by the following equation \cite{courbariaux2016binarized}:

\begin{equation}
temp += pcnt( xnor (W_{M},X_{M}))
\label{eq:BNNoperation2}
\end{equation}
where $W_{M}$ and $X_{M}$ are chunks of $W$ and $X$ that are sequentially read from packed memory entries of an M-bit machine until they are fetched completely. Only then one can infer $Y=sign(temp)$ from equations (\ref{eq:BNNoperation1}) and (\ref{eq:BNNoperation2}).

For the last layer, weights can either be constrained to $-1$ or $+1$, that would be treated similarly as previous layers, or trained with full-precision values that, with respect to the binarized activation values coming from the previous layer would convert the MAC operation into ADD/SUB over the weight values, analogous to the first layer. Binarizing the last layer of BNNs can sometimes result in failure and therefore different techniques have been proposed to deal with the last layer \cite{tang2017train
, umuroglu2017finn}. We use high-precision (16-bit) weights for the last layer of the first case study in this paper because it resulted in a stabilized BNN accuracy during trainaing over 100 epochs.

Max-Pool (MP) is a frequently-employed layer in DNNs that sub-samples the feature-map, and is traditionally placed before $AF$. It can be shown that if $AF$ is a non-descending function of its input, then placing $MP$ after $AF$ results in equivalent outcome. In BNNs therefore:

\begin{equation}
MP(sign(Y))=sign(MP(Y))
\label{eq:BNNoperationMP}
\end{equation}

Placing $MP$ after $AF$ layer in BNNs has two advantages: 1) a bulky comparator that would have to operate on the real-valued results from the previous Conv/FC layer in order to execute $MP$ before $AF$, can be converted to an $or$ gate if $MP$ follows $AF$ with binarized output. Because,
if $y_i$ $\in$ $\{$$0$, $1$$\}$, then $max$($y_1$, $y_2$, ..., $y_n$) = $or$($y_1$, $y_2$, ...,$y_n$), where $y_i$ and $n$ are elements and the pool size of the MP 2) as soon as one of the elements of the pool, at which the $MP$ seeks the maximum, is equal to the maximum possible value ($1$ in BNNs), the pool exploring can be asserted as `done', and the rest of the exploration in the pool can be skipped, that is conducive to skipping of large portion of computation imposed from the preceding Conv/FC layer. We refer to this property as \textit{Pool-Skipping} and in Section VI show that it can skip up to 22\% of the total operations for the first case study that has 3 $MP$ layers.

Since in Neural Networks one operation is usually considered as either one multiplication or one addition, therefore each time either a bit-wise $xnor$ or a $pcnt$ is executed, the number of carried out operations is equal to the number of vector bits to be executed. Consequently in a BNN process, by fusing and well pipelining the $pcnt$ and bit-wise $xnor$ operations in an M-bit machine, one can achieve 2$\times$M operations per execution of equation \ref{eq:BNNoperation2}. This implies that the performance of an M-bit BNN processing machine can be proportional to M, which decides its registers, data bus, memory width, etc. We will evaluate this feature in Section VI.

\section{\bf{BNN for Physiological Case Studies}}

BNN models can compress the model size by 8 to 64 times, at the expense of some accuracy loss. The accuracy loss can usually be compensated by augmenting the BNN model size by 2-11$\times$ \cite{umuroglu2017finn}.
In order to present a fair comparison between our hardware and related works, in this section, we introduce two case studies that were used in \cite{jafari2018sensornet} and \cite{GLSVLSI-ali}. We use Torch framework from \cite{courbariaux2016binarized} to train the BNN models and to grab the weights for inference on hardware.

\subsection{Case study 1: Stress Detection}

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=3.5in]{Augmentation.pdf}
\end{center}
\caption{Augmentation impact on the number of parameters, model size, and accuracy from a 16-bit baseline model for Stress Detection to BNN models
\label{fig:Augmentation}}
\end{figure}

The Stress Detection dataset \cite{birjandtalab2016non} includes physiological non-EEG signals that are labeled with four neurological stress status.
The DCNN in \cite{jafari2018sensornet} utilizes a cascade of 5 Conv layers of size 16, 16, 8 and 8 filter banks and 2 FC layers of size 64 and number-of-classes respectively. Input is cut into frames of 64 samples. All filters have a shape of 1$\times$5. We conducted a set of experiments on binarizing this baseline configuration, abiding by the same number of layers, but increasing the number of layer parameters in each experiment. When binarizing the original 16-bit model, the BNN model is compressed by 16 times, but the accuracy drops from the reported 93.8\% to 81.8\%. In order to compensate the accuracy loss to the baseline level, we increased the number of parameters by approximately 9.5$\times$, and still, the final binarized model is 1.7$\times$  smaller than the 16-bit baseline. Fig. \ref{fig:Augmentation} shows the incremental augmentation and the impact of binarizing over the baseline DCNN, and the compensation in accuracy with the increase of binarized model size. In total, the binarized DCNN for Stress Detection has 98K parameters and requires 13KB of memory to store the model. For every classification of this dataset, 7.32 Million operations are required. Fig. \ref{fig:case_models}-A shows the BNN configuration and table \ref{tab:cases} summarizes the details for each case study after augmentation.

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=3.3in]{case_models.pdf}
\end{center}
\caption{BNN architectures of the two case studies used in this paper
\label{fig:case_models}}
\end{figure}

\begin{table}[h]
\caption{Detail Summary of the two case studies and the characteristics of their BNNs used in this paper}
\scriptsize
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{6.5pt}

\begin{center}
\resizebox{\columnwidth}{!}{%
\label{my-label}
\begin{tabular}{ccccccc}
\hline
\textbf{Dataset} & \textbf{\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Input\\ Shape\end{tabular}} & \textbf{\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}\# of\\ Labels\end{tabular}} & \textbf{\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}\# of\\ Params\end{tabular}} & \textbf{\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Model\\ Size\end{tabular}} & \textbf{\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Total \\ Ops\end{tabular}} & \textbf{\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Avg\\ Accuracy\end{tabular}} \\ \hline
Stress & 1$\times$64$\times$7 & 4 & 98K & 13KB & 7.32M & 94.1\% \\ \hline
PAMAP2 & 40$\times$1$\times$1 & 16 & 145K & 18KB & 0.29M & 97.8\% \\ \hline
\end{tabular}%
}
\end{center}
\label{tab:cases}
\end{table}

\subsection{Case study 2: Physical Activity Monitoring}
Physical Activity Monitoring dataset (PAMAP2) \cite{reiss2012introducing} contains data from 9 subjects recorded from sensors such as IMUs, heart rate monitor that totally has 40 valid channels labeled with 12 physical activities.
We use a 3-layer binarized Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) as proposed in \cite{GLSVLSI-ali} for classification of the PAMAP2 dataset with an average accuracy of 97.8\%. In total, the BNN MLP has 145K parameters, storable in 18KB, and requires 290K operations. Fig. \ref{fig:case_models}-B shows the configuration and Table \ref{tab:cases} summarizes the details.

\section{\bf{Scalable Hardware Platform}}
In this section, we introduce a minimal hardware architecture that is scalable with the number of PEs and memory width that can be adjusted to match the time and energy requirements given an application. For the parallelization scheme, we use output channel tiling as in \cite{jetc-page} in which every PE contributes to generating an independent channel of the feature-map. This scheme is shown to result in the best computation to memory communication ratio \cite{zhang2015optimizing}. It also facilitates implementing the Pool-Skipping method with a simple control logic.

The high-level abstraction of the hardware is depicted in Fig.\ref{fig:Sensornet_hardware}. The main components of the hardware include Filter Memory to store the model weights, an Input-Memory and a Feature-Map Memory that are used for the intermediate data and alternately switch their tasks, i.e. buffering the input data/feature-map to be exported to PEs in one memory and importing the output feature-map from the PEs in another memory. All the three mentioned memories are shared between the PEs and addressed by a global controller. The global controller is the only unit of the hardware that uses a multiplier for address calculations.

Each PE comprises a Filter cache to temporarily store an individual filter for the process, and an Output cache to concatenate the single output bits and prepare them to be sent to the Feature-Map Memory along with other PEs. Once this cache is full, all the PEs concatenate their first bit of output-cache and send the packed packet out to the feature-map memory. Then, next bits are sent out accordingly. Resource sharing is carefully taken into consideration such that the major logic of every PE is only a pipeline of bit-wise $xnor$, $pcnt$, and an accumulator to satisfy the equation (\ref{eq:BNNoperation1}). The accumulator ADDs/SUBs over either the input data w.r.t binarized packed filter for the first BNN layer, or on the output of $pcnt$ for mid-layers, or over the filter data w.r.t binarized packed data for the last BNN layer. Two shifters, not depicted in Fig. \ref{fig:Sensornet_hardware} to avoid obfuscation, shift the packed filter/data for the first/last layers. A local controller, by means of Multiplexers to allocate the existing resources, handles the data-flow such that FC and Conv layers with different strides are executed with respect to the BNN layer.

A bit-wise $or$ gate is implemented after the Output cache to perform MP and is by-passed if there is no MP. Pool-Skipping is implemented in such a way that, given MP, whenever there is a +1 in the pool-under-explore, +1 is written quickly to its relevant location in the Output cache, the pipeline is flushed, and the operation is skipped to a stride as wide as the pool size. The would-be adjacent bits in the Output cache are left as `don't care' as their old values will be masked by the effect of the written +1.

\section{\bf{Evaluation}}

\subsection{Parallelization}

As mentioned in Section III, BNN inference performance in our M-bit datawidth machine is proportional to $M$, omitting the first/last layers that may use full-precision values. Meanwhile, with the split and tiled threads dispatched to $N$ concurrent PEs, the computation can be expedited by $N$ times if the memory communication is disregarded. Clock frequency, $f$, is another factor that decides the computation rate. Therefore in our hardware, the performance is proportional to these three metrics:
\begin{equation}
Performance \propto f \times M \times N
\label{eq:performance}
\end{equation}
The performance of the first and the last layer, similar to traditional accelerators, is proportional to $f$$\times$$N$ only.

\begin{figure}[hbt]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=3in]{BNN_architecture2.pdf}
\end{center}
\caption{Block diagram of hardware architecture which comprises Filter, Input, and Feature-Map memories that are addressed by a global controller, and are shared between PEs. Each PE includes a filter and output cache, a pipeline of bit-wise $xnor$, $pcnt$ and accumulator, and by means of MUX and a local controller performs first/mid/last BNN layer with respect to Conv/FC operations. A bit-wise $or$ gate is also embedded to perform MP.
}
\label{fig:Sensornet_hardware}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=2.6in]{mem_graph.pdf}
\end{center}
\caption{Energy curves inferred from the technical data sheets of ARM memories showing the trend for read/write per entry and per bit on increasing ARM Memory Width
\label{fig:MemoryEnergy}}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=2.9in]{Poolskipping.pdf}
\end{center}
\caption{Impact of Pool-Skipping on the number of effective operations for the Stress Detection case study
\label{fig:Pool-Skipping}}
\end{figure}
\subsection{Memory Energy Evaluation}
We will seek a trade-off between $M$ and $N$ in the next section for minimizing the energy consumption, but beforehand, we analyze a set of ARM memories generated with Artisan Memory Compiler in 65nm and at frequency of 128MHz with various datawidth. For each generated memory we registered the energy per entry read/write, and calculated the energy per bit read/write. Fig. \ref{fig:MemoryEnergy} plots the results of this analysis and indicates that it is more energy efficient to read 1 bit of information, as a BNN weight, if wider memories are used.

\subsection{Pool-Skipping}
\label{sub-sec:PoolSkipping}
As explained in Section III, Pool-Skipping can skip a large portion of operations that are preceding a MP. For the Stress Detection case study, 3 MPs with pool size of 1$\times$2 follow 3 Conv layers that contribute to 76.5 \% of the total operations. Fig. \ref{fig:Pool-Skipping} shows the impact of Pool-Skipping on the number of operations per layer and in total for the BNN of Stress Detection. Applying Pool-Skipping, the average number of effective operations is reduced by 22\%.

\section{\bf{Implementation Results and Analysis}}
\subsection{FPGA Implementation}
In order to emulate the case studies on the proposed hardware, FPGA is used for the evaluation setup. We choose the low-power Artix-7 family and select the smallest package whose Block RAMs (BRAMs) can suffice the model of the case studies. Each case study was synthesized, placed and routed and implemented using Xilinx Vivado. with different numbers of PEs and different width for BRAMs. Fig. \ref{fig:fpga}-(left) depicts the classification energy for the Stress Detection vs number of PEs w.r.t varying memory widths, and Fig. \ref{fig:fpga}-(right) depicts classification energy vs Memory width with varying number of PEs for Physical Activity. Table II provides the implementation results for the two cases with memory width of 128 bits, at 100MHz and with more implementation details.
In Table II, for each case study the optimal (Opt.) configuration in terms of energy is given for a specific number of PEs. For the Stress Detection, the optimal config. (8PEs) requires 4$\times$ less energy, and for the Physical Activity, the optimal config.(4PEs) consumes 2$\times$ less energy as compared to their serial configs (1PE).

\begin{table}
\caption{Implementation results of the proposed BNN processor on Xilinx FPGA (Artix-7). The Results obtained at the clock frequency of 100 MHz and with Memory width of 128 bits}
\scriptsize
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{1.5pt}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
\multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Case Studies\\ \\ Implementation\\ Characteristics\end{tabular}} & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Stress \\ Detection\end{tabular}} & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Physical Activity \\ Monitoring\end{tabular}} \\ \cline{2-7}
 & Serial & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Semi \\ Parallel\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Fully \\ Parallel\\ (Opt.)\end{tabular} & Serial & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Semi \\ Parallel\\ (Opt.)\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Fully \\ Parallel\end{tabular} \\ \hline
\# of PEs & 1 & 4 & 8 & 1 & 4 & 8 \\ \hline
BRAM & 6 & 6 & 6 & 3 & 3 & 3 \\ \hline
DSP & 1 & 1 & 1 & 1 & 1 & 1 \\ \hline
\# of slices & 341 & 1076 & 2047 & 385 & 1329 & 2601 \\ \hline
Latency (ms) & 1.14 & 0.31 & 0.19 & 0.06 & 0.03 & 0.03 \\ \hline
Throughput(k label/s) & 0.87 & 3.23 & 5.22 & 17.17 & 36.15 & 38.12 \\ \hline
Total Power (mW) & 78 & 98 & 115 & 76 & 79 & 91 \\ \hline
Energy (µuJ) & 89.3 & 30.3 & 22.0 & 4.4 & 2.2 & 2.4 \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\label{tab:FPGA_results}
\end{table}

\begin{figure}%
    \centering
    \includegraphics[width = 4.4 cm]{energy_vs_PE_FPGA}%
    \qquad
    \hspace{-5ex}
    \includegraphics[width = 4.4 cm]{energy_vs_datawidth_FPGA}%
    \caption{(left)  impact on the classification energy with the increase of the number of PEs for four different Memory widths for the Stress Detection (right) impact on classification energy with increasing the number of Memory width for 4 different PEs for the Physical Activity Monitoring on the FPGA }%
    \label{fig:fpga}%
\end{figure}

\subsection{ASIC Implementation}
Various configurations per case study were synthesized using RC Compiler and post place-and-routed using the Encounter SOC from Cadence using 65nm standard cell library CMOS technology.
For the two case studies we obtained slightly different optimal configs per case study on ASIC. Fig. \ref{fig:asic}-(left) and Fig. \ref{fig:asic}-(right) respectively depict the classification energy for the first and second case studies w.r.t. the varying PEs and varying memory widths, and Table III provides the implementation results with memory width 128 bits, at 128MHz in more details. Both the Figure and the table confirm energy per bit analysis inferred from Fig. \ref{fig:MemoryEnergy}. From table III it is concluded that for the Stress Detection and Physical Activity, the optimal configs are respectively 2$\times$ and 2.5$\times$ more energy efficient than their serial config counterpart. The ASIC post-layout views for the optimal configs of both cases are shown in Fig. \ref{fig:layout}. The reason for the Physical Activity case to have smaller PE logic is that in its HDL the MP and FC logics are automatically removed and less number of SRAM cells have been dedicated as the cache memories.

\begin{table}
\caption{post place and route results of the proposed BNN processor on ASIC CMOS 65nm 1.1v. The Results obtained at clock frequency of 128 MHz and with a memory width of 128 bits}
\scriptsize
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{1.5pt}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
\multirow{2}{*}{\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Case Studies\\ \\ Implementation\\ Characteristics\end{tabular}} & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Stress\\ Detection\end{tabular}} & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Physical Activity\\ Monitoring\end{tabular}} \\ \cline{2-7}
 & Serial & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Semi \\ Parallel\\ (Opt.)\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Fully \\ Parallel\end{tabular} & Serial & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Semi \\ Parallel\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Fully \\ Parallel\\ (Opt.)\end{tabular} \\ \hline
\# of PEs & 1 & 4 & 8 & 1 & 4 & 8 \\ \hline
Area Util. (\%) & 94 & 91 & 90 & 94 & 93 & 92 \\ \hline
Clock Freq. (MHz) & \multicolumn{6}{c|}{128} \\ \hline
Max Freq. (MHz) & \multicolumn{6}{c|}{1000} \\ \hline
Core Area (mm2) & 0.49 & 0.56 & 0.66 & 0.18 & 0.19 & 0.20 \\ \hline
Latency (ms) & 2.13 & 0.55 & 0.29 & 0.04 & 0.018 & 0.014 \\ \hline
Throughput(k label/s) & 0.47 & 1.80 & 3.42 & 22.22 & 52.81 & 68.52 \\ \hline
Leakage power (mW) & 5.77 & 6.42 & 7.27 & 3.61 & 3.66 & 3.71 \\ \hline
Dynamic power (mW) & 5.37 & 13.83 & 32.85 & 0.80 & 1.23 & 1.62 \\ \hline
Total power (mW) & 11.14 & 20.25 & 40.13 & 4.41 & 4.90 & 5.32 \\ \hline
Energy (uJ) & 23.81 & 11.25 & 11.73 & 0.20 & 0.09 & 0.077 \\ \hline

\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\label{tab:ASIC_results}
\end{table}

\begin{figure}%
    \centering

    \includegraphics[width = 4.4 cm]{bnn_graph.pdf}%
    \qquad
    \hspace{-5ex}
    \includegraphics[width = 4.4 cm]{bnn_graph_mem.pdf}%
    \caption{(left)  impact on classification energy with increase of the number of PEs for four different Memory widths for Stress Detection (right) impact on classification energy with increasing the Memory widths for 4 different PEs for Physical Activity on a 65nm ASIC}%
    \label{fig:asic}%
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[t]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=3.3in]{bnn_layouts.pdf}
\end{center}
\caption{Post-layout views of BNN for Stress Detection (left) and for Physical Activity (right), in 65nm TSMC CMOS technology.}
\label{fig:layout}
\end{figure}

\section{\bf{Comparison}}
We compare our proposed hardware on the two case studies with two relevant works, \cite{jafari2018sensornet} and \cite{GLSVLSI-ali}, from which we obtained our BNN configurations. The comparison is summarized in Table IV. In summary, despite 9.5$\times$ augmentation in the number of parameters, the optimal config. for the Stress Detection is 4.5$\times$ and 6.8$\times$ more energy efficient as compared to \cite{jafari2018sensornet} implemented respectively on Artix-7 FPGA and on ASIC 65nm. For the Physical Activity, the minimal hardware with no MP and Conv logics, is 250$\times$ more energy efficient as compared to a programmable, yet low-power manycore platform in \cite{GLSVLSI-ali}. \\

\begin{table}[h]
\textbf{\caption{Comparison of the proposed hardware with optimized configs with related works}}
\scriptsize
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{3.2pt}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
Metrics & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{\cite{jafari2018sensornet}} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{\textbf{This Work}} & \cite{GLSVLSI-ali} & \textbf{This Work} \\ \hline
Application & \multicolumn{4}{c|}{Stress Detection} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{Physical Activity} \\ \hline
Technique & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{16-bit DCNN} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{BNN} & BNN & BNN \\ \hline
Accuracy(\%) & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{94} & \multicolumn{2}{c|}{94.1} & 97.8 & 97.8 \\ \hline
Platform & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}FPGA\\ Artix-7\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}ASIC \\ 65nm\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}FPGA\\ Artix-7\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}ASIC\\ 65nm\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}ASIC \\ 65nm\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}ASIC \\ 65nm\end{tabular} \\ \hline
Freq. (MHz) & 100 & 100 & 100 & 128 & 145 & 128 \\ \hline
Latency (us) & 1000 & 800 & 190 & 550 & 77 & 14 \\ \hline
Power (mW) & 154 & 60 & 115 & 22 & 270 & 5.3 \\ \hline
Energy (uJ) & 150 & 50 & 22 & 11 & 20 & 0.08 \\ \hline
Energy Imp. & - & - & \textbf{6.8$\times$} & \textbf{4.5$\times$} & - & \textbf{250$\times$} \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
 \label{tab:HW_comparison_related}
\end{table}

\section{\bf{Conclusion}}
We proposed a scalable hardware for inference of BNNs that have been trained for physiological datasets. The proposed hardware has flexibility in adjusting the memory width and number of PEs, both adjustable for the most energy efficient configuration while meeting time requirements given an application. Two case studies including Physical Activity Monitoring and Stress Detection are trained and deployed on the hardware, and for each, the optimal number of PEs and memory-width is sought. Our implementation results with the two case studies on Artix-7 FPGA and on 65nm ASIC CMOS standard cell library indicate that the configuration parameters of the hardware, if adjusted well, can optimize the energy consumption up to 4$\times$ and 2.5$\times$ respectively on FPGA and on ASIC. An operation skipping method, named Pool-Skipping, is also proposed for BNNs that skips effectless operations that precede a Max-Pool layer, and can skip up to 22$\%$ of operations in the Stress Detection case study. When compared to the related works that use the same case studies on the same target platforms, FPGA and ASIC, and with the same classification accuracy, our hardware is respectively 4.5$\times$ and 250$\times$ more energy efficient for the Stress Detection on FPGA and Physical Activity Monitoring on ASIC.

\bibliographystyle{IEEEtran}
\input{ISQEDsamp.bbl}
\end{document}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Applied aquaculture research and technology transfer at USDA has improved the international competitiveness and sustainability of U.S. aquaculture and reduced the dependency on imported seafood and threatened ocean fisheries.
A variety of data and statistical reports have been published to examines the U.S. aquaculture industry, including production, inventory, sales, prices, inputs, and trade of catfish, trout, tilapia, salmon, mollusks, crawfish, shrimp, ornamental fish and new species.
USDA provides background, data, and analysis on the domestic aquaculture industry and U.S. trade in aquacultural products.
Aquatic animals are grown in a wide variety of environments using different management and monitoring systems to provide consumers with consistently uniform, safe, and nutritious products.
These additional aquaculture resources provide information centers where more topics and information related to aquaculture can be found.


Namibia has become known for its unspoilt natural beauty, its unique fauna and flora. This diversity is being enhanced by the intense passion of a few pioneers that have planted Shiraz, Merlot, Ruby Cabernet and Colombard. The Namibian wine experience promises to be awesome in that the country needs to be criss-crossed if all three wine estates are to be visited!
Namibia is not known for its wine making industry. It is hard to believe that this semi-arid and hot country can inspire people to plant vines. Yet we have such passionate pioneers and while the wine making history is only being written, the first Riesling was made in 1902! For the wine aficionado our wine tour is a challenge in that hundreds of kilometres need to be traversed to visit all three estates. Instead of a short trip within Europe, wine lovers need to have time and an appreciation that they will be part of the development of the wine industry in Namibia. The presentation will give a short introduction to Namibia before the wine estates, their position, their products and the way to get there will be described.
If you would like to chat with Michael about his winery and winemaking and tourism in Namibia you can do so by joinig the Wine Pleasures Wine Tourism Social Group.
Kristell Kellerei will also be participating in the Wine Tourism Workshop on the 26 and 27 January. Tour Operators and Travel Agents will have the opportunity to discover the wine estates and villages around Spain.


This is an Internet magazine for the Web professional. The NC NetNew link lists network computing related news from other online publications. There is an archive for previously published articles. The Net news central link provides links to articles elsewhere in the Internet for Webmasters, Web developers & designers.
This is a U.S. Dept. of State site. It includes documents viewable via your web browser or you may download the originals in WordPerfect 5.1/5.2 format. The files are in compressed format. Included at this site are L/PIL Reports and Information; Documents on International Projects in Progress; PIL Conventions-U.S. Ratification/Access is a Possibility; Completed Rules, Model Laws, Legal Guides; PIL Conventions to Which U.S. is a Party; and Other Conventions.
This is the website of the publisher Government Institutes. Included here is information on new titles, courses and seminars and publications. The customer service link leads you to information about contacting the publisher, mail orders, phone orders, fax orders, e-mail and Internet orders.
If you need to know the time anywhere in the world, try this site. Enter the name of the city or country you seek, click on "Get the time!" and the exact time in your city or country will appear.
This site provides search capability for the EDGAR data. You can search by keywords on 10-K filings; by ticker; by company name; company name and filing; by form; form date range lookup; Zacks Industry Code; Zacks Sector Code; prospectus; and Schedule 13D Ownership Report. Two additional features are the Company-Ticker Resolve (if the company entered matches more than one entry, a pick list is compiled of all completions and their tickers and CUSIPS) and Current Events (identifies most recent filings by day or week). The site uses three search servers to improve document availability.
This page is sponsored by John P. Weil & Company. It presents articles about the day-to-day operation, long range planning and management of a law firm. Articles are arranged under three topics: Practice Management, Firm Governance and Compensation Techniques.
This is a treasure trove of links to dictionaries of various types. There is a list of languages allowing you to go to the specific language with one click. There are multiple dictionary search engine links, thesauri and other vocabulary aids links, multilingual dictionary links and specialized dictionary links.
If you have a city name, but do not know the state or do not know where it is located in the state, here is a site for you. Enter the city name and the search will return with all the locations of cities with this name in the U.S. with their state, county, zip code, area code and latitude/longitude coordinates.
This site provides links to over 120 publishers of legal materials.
This site provides links to various software publisher sites. The site is organized by topics: Case & Practice Management; Document Assembly, Management & Imaging; Time, Billing & Accounting; Litigation Support & Trial Presentation Software; Practice Specific; Communications; Contact Managers & Calendars; Internet Tools; Estate Planning; CD-ROM Research Libraries; and Legal Education and Skill Building Software.
This site allows you to look up a person by name, address or telephone number. The address look-up is via a link to the Four11 site and the telephone number look-up is through a link to the Database America site.
This site is a resource of solutions to Win95 bugs.
Most related Microsoft sites are indexed here plus a vast number of related Microsoft sites and a collection of NT sites and user groups.
This page on the Library of Congress website provides links to directories of commercial providers and community access providers (Freenets, etc.).
One can locate an Internet Service Provider in the U.S. by clicking on a U.S. map. Once the appropriate state and city are selected, a list of service providers for the location are listed with the providers name, location, telephone number, and a link to the provider's website.
This is the website of the company that claims to be the nation's largest supplier of batteries for mobile professionals. There is search capability at this site. Entire battery information is not required.


text:
Lingwood Lane, Woodborough, Nottinghamshire, NG14 6DX
admin@woodsfoundation.notts.sch.uk
Calendar and VLE
Community Minibus
Parents Group & Leo's Den
SCHOOL CLOSURE - TUESDAY 5 JANUARY 2021
4 January 2021 (by admin)
Details of our closure plans, due to lockdown.
You will undoubtedly be aware of the Government's announcement earlier about the closure of schools tomorrow. We have had to rapidly put plans in place as to how we are going to proceed as a school, considering the safety and wellbeing of not only the children, but all the staff who work at school.
We have put in place plans for tomorrow, which are detailed on the home page of our website. Please follow the link below for full details.
https://www.woodsfoundation.notts.sch.uk/
We will be in touch with you all tomorrow, with further details of how we will proceed for the rest of the half term.
Thank you for your understanding in this incredibly challenging situation.
Mr Asplin
© 2021 Woodborough Wood's Foundation C of E Primary School.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Web www.artsmart.co.za
A R T S M A R T
arts news from kwazulu-natal
www.artsmart.co.za
enquiries@artsmart.co.za
crafts - dance - drama - film & tv - literature
music - supper theatre - visual arts
miscellaneous news - festivals
home page archives
NB: as of 23 September 2008, all new artSMart articles are being published on the site news.artsmart.co.za.
YESTERDAY (article first published : 2004-06-6)
Durban-based film producer, Anant Singh has announced today that the world premiere of Yesterday, the first-ever isiZulu feature film, will take place on June 14 when it opens the 25th Durban International Film Festival.
Yesterday is a groundbreaking film which was shot in KwaZulu-Natal, in the Bergville area. The film with English subtitles, is written and directed by Darrell James Roodt and stars Leleti Khumalo (Sarafina!), Kenneth Kambule (Backstage, Generations, I Dreamed Of Africa), Harriet Lehabe and Camilla Walker. Child star Lihle Mvelase makes her feature film debut.
The film is a moving story of a young mother named Yesterday who falls ill and discovers that she is HIV positive. Her migrant mineworker husband refuses to accept this. Yesterday is left to fend for herself and her young daughter, Beauty, hoping that she will survive long enough to see her child go to school.
"We are delighted to be holding the World Premiere of Yesterday at the Durban International Film Festival," said Anant Singh. "Yesterday is a powerful film that confronts the social stigma surrounding HIV/AIDS.
"It is the story of one woman's perseverance to survive against all odds and audiences will be deeply touched by it. Darrell did an amazing job with the script and the direction of the film and it is great to be working with him again. We are also proud to have shot this important film on location in our province," added Anant Singh.
Organisers of the Durban International Film Festival said that the DIFF was proud to showcase the World Premiere of a homegrown film and that Yesterday is an ideal choice, from both an artistic and ethical perspective. It is also the perfect opening night film for the festival which celebrates its Silver Anniversary this year.
Yesterday was made with the support of the National Film And Video Foundation, M-Net and the Nelson Mandela Foundation.
John Samuel, CEO of The Nelson Mandela Foundation commented, "Yesterday will be used by the Foundation as part of 46664, its global awareness campaign for HIV/AIDS as the medium of film is one that effectively mobilises viewers from a grassroots level, those that may be infected, through to corporates and international donors."
Yesterday will be released nationally in South Africa on July 30 by Videovision Entertainment though United International Pictures (South Africa). It is a Videovision Entertainment production in association with the Nelson Mandela Foundation, M-Net, The National Film And Video Foundation, Distant Horizon and Exciting Films.
a co-production by caroline smart services and durbanet. site credits
copyright © subsists in this page. all rights reserved. [ edit ] copyright details


text:
FIND SCHOOLS NEAR YOU
Highest Degree CompletedHigh School Diploma/GEDSome CollegeAssociate DegreeBachelor's DegreeMaster's DegreeDoctorate Degree
Desired DegreeDiploma/CertificateAssociate DegreeBachelor's DegreeMaster's DegreeDoctorate
Program of InterestAll ProgramsCriminal JusticeCyber SecurityForensicsHomeland SecurityLaw EnforcementLegal and Court SpecialtiesSocial Work
The New Hampshire Department of Employment Security projects that, between the years 2010 to 2020, employment opportunities for detectives and crime scene investigators throughout the state will increase by 5.1 percent. The favorable outlook for this field is just one reason to look into becoming a crime scene investigator in New Hampshire. According to data provided by New Hampshire Employment Security – Economic and Labor Market Information Bureau, the mean annual salary for a crime scene investigator in New Hampshire as of June 2012 was $69,700. Of course, jobs for crime scene investigators are not the only CSI jobs in New Hampshire. Titles of other types of CSI jobs in the state include:
Forensic technician
Crime analyst
Digital forensic specialist
Read on to discover how to become a crime scene investigator in New Hampshire and to learn more about other types of CSI jobs in the state.
Crime Scene Investigator Education in New Hampshire
Becoming a crime scene investigator in New Hampshire requires education in criminal justice, crime scene investigation or a closely related discipline. Some CSI jobs in New Hampshire require that professionals hold a certificate or associate degree, while for others, a bachelor's degree or master's degree is necessary.
Crime Scene Investigation Certificates and Associate Degrees in New Hampshire
Jobs like the following require a minimum of a certificate or associate degree in New Hampshire:
Criminal investigations sergeant for city police department
Forensic technician for state police
State police investigator
Online and in state colleges, training schools and universities in New Hampshire offer these certificates and degrees in CSI-related fields:
Associate of Science in Criminal Justice
Certificate in Crime Scene Investigation
CSI Bachelor and Graduate Degrees in New Hampshire
Crime scene investigation jobs in New Hampshire that require at least a bachelor's degree include:
Crime analyst for city police department
Criminal investigations lieutenant for city police department
Forensic science examiner
Field investigation drug officer (DEA agent)
New Hampshire schools in state and online offer these CSI-related degrees:
Bachelor of Science in Forensic Science
Professional Training for Crime Scene Investigators in New Hampshire
Some crime scene investigation jobs in New Hampshire require employees to undergo specialized professional training, and at times to become certified by an organization. Opportunities that are typically offered to New Hampshire CSI professionals include:
National Institute of Justice Forensic DNA online courses, including:
Forensic DNA education for law enforcement decision makers
Crime scene and DNA basics for forensic analysts
Footwear Certification Board, International Association for Identification – The Footwear Certification Board certifies forensic investigators who specialize in footwear, shoeprints and tire track evidence. Those who complete the training are certified as Certified Footwear Examiners.
Law Enforcement Organizations Housing CSI Jobs in New Hampshire
New Hampshire Department of Safety Division of State Police Investigative Services Bureau-Major Crime Unit – Although this unit primarily investigates homicides in New Hampshire, it also is involved in death investigations other than homicide, sexual and other types of assaults, and assisting other law enforcement agencies in crimes scene investigation. Collecting, identifying and documenting evidence at the scene of a crime as well as reconstructing crime scenes are part of the work this unit does.
Nashua Police Department Crime Analysis Section and Nashua Police Department Crime Scene Unit – These units of the city of Nashua's Police Department are involved in collecting data and evidence and analyzing that data and evidence from crimes and crime scenes occurring throughout the city.
New Hampshire Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) Offices, New England Division – Field investigation officers for the DEA work out of the following offices in New Hampshire and may be part of an investigation of drug-related federal crime scenes:
New Hampshire Department of Justice – Office of the Attorney General – The state attorney's office gets involved in the investigation of some major crimes occurring in New Hampshire. Recent cases in which this department has assisted in investigations include shootings involving New Hampshire police officers. Investigators help in reconstructing crime scenes and gathering and processing evidence.
Forensics Salary for Lab Technicians and CSIs in New Hampshire
The amount of forensic science jobs in New Hampshire is expected to grow by 11.9% in the period from 2008 to 2018 according to the state's Employment Security Job Notes. Data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) indicates that forty forensic science technicians were employed in New Hampshire in 2012.
BLS salary data indicates that the median salary of a forensic science technician in New Hampshire in 2012 was $63,140, while experienced professionals in the top tenth percent of their field made $74,990 a year on average.
Many of the forensics positions in New Hampshire are with the Crime Lab of New Hampshire's State Police. It provides forensic lab services to several hundred police departments in the state, along with numerous other law enforcement agencies. Nearly 20,000 analyses were requested in 2011. Some of the services offered by this lab involve the following:
Alcohol testing (blood and breath)
Controlled substance examinations
Digital evidence analysis
DNA analysis
Firearm/toolmark analysis
Latent impression analysis
Trace evidence analysis
In addition to working in the lab, forensic scientists also collect evidence at crime scenes and preserve it for analysis. These types of scientists are known as crime scene investigators (CSIs).
Crime scene investigator positions vary a great deal. In New Hampshire, many of the CSIs are sworn officers. Members of the Major Crime Unit for the New Hampshire State Police conduct that agency's crime scene investigations.
In other cases, civilians perform the functions of a CSI. One such position offered by the state is a Criminalist V. This person is the assistant director of the forensic lab and collects evidence from crime scenes. This position paid $93,251 a year in 2012.
CSI and Forensic Scientist in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire
A recent Manchester burglary demonstrates the importance of forensic science teams in Hillsborough County. When employees at a recycling company contacted police about the theft of hundreds of pounds of copper from their premises, forensic experts readied for deployment. To the untrained eye the thieves made a clean getaway, but Manchester CSI specialists saw otherwise as they examined tire track marks, footprints, fingerprints, and pieces of evidence that may have contained DNA. The police department's evidence unit processed the crime scene and sent samples to the State Police's Forensic Laboratory for further analysis by a forensic lab scientist, also known as a criminalist.
Forensic science in Hillsborough County is a collaborative effort between dozens of town jurisdictions within the county lines, principal among them being the:
Manchester Police Department Investigative Division's Evidence Unit
Merrimack Police Department's Criminal Investigation Bureau, including the East Merrimack area
Nashua Police Department's Crime Scene Unit and Evidence Division
Education for a Forensic Science Career in Hillsborough County
The first crime scene investigators to arrive on scene are usually police officers with specialized CSI training who take photographs and collect physical pieces of evidence. If greater expertise is needed police will call in crime scene evidence technicians who will take castings, analyze splatter patterns, and reconstruct the crime scene. The Nashua Police Department has a special crime scene unit for this express purpose, as does the State Police.
CSI jobs with these divisions are competitive, and candidates who possess the following certifications will make themselves more distinguished:
Forensic Video
Crime Scene Reconstructionist
Forensic Photography
Working as an evidence technician with the State Police requires an associate degree with major study in:
Laboratory Technology
Forensic science jobs held by criminalists at the State Police Crime Lab require incumbents to possess a bachelor degree in one of the following fields:
There are over a dozen schools within a 70-mile radius of Hillsborough County that offer relevant degree programs for candidates who are interested in jobs in the forensic science field. Additionally there are several online schools offering certification and degree programs for a range of specializations.
Forensic Science at Work in Hillsborough County
Candidates interested in how to become a crime scene investigator and forensic scientist in Hillsborough County will also be curious to know what kinds of cases these professionals work with. Most often one thinks about securing evidence for use in trials that convict criminals. However one recent case demonstrates the opposite: a convicted criminal in a 1973 murder case is requesting new DNA tests to prove he is innocent of killing of a woman whose body was found lying on the frozen Merrimack River. In this case he is hoping the technological advances in the forensic field will provide exoneration.
CSI and Forensic Scientist in Merrimack County, New Hampshire
Convicting murderers and other criminals, bringing justice to the victims of crimes, and providing evidence for those wrongly convicted are the direct effects forensic science professionals working in Merrimack County have on their communities. CSI investigators, detectives, photographers and other professionals primarily operate in local law enforcement agencies to gather evidence for analysis by specialized lab technicians in Concord at the State Police's Forensic Laboratory- the only full service lab of its kind in the state.
The largest employers of CSI professionals in the county include:
Merrimack County Sheriff's Office
Concord Police Department's detectives and evidence technicians
Franklin Police Department's Detective Division
Education Requirements to Work in Merrimack County's Forensic Science Field
Candidates interested in working with local law enforcement agencies assisting and conducting CSI investigations will need to start by having a high school diploma or its equivalent.
Because CSI jobs are highly competitive it is also advisable to have some form of education credential; if not a degree then certification in any of the following can also increase a candidate's competitiveness:
Forensic Art
Latent Print and Tenprint Fingerprint
Forensic science jobs in the State Police Forensic Laboratory involve several specializations. Candidates for these positions must have an area of expertise and know basic laboratory techniques and procedures. Having a bachelor degree in any of the following is also a prerequisite for employment:
Studying and Working in Merrimack County
As students learn about the process of how to become a crime scene investigator and forensic scientist in Merrimack County, progressive research will turn to education. There are a number of colleges in the Concord area that offer degree programs for students interested in the forensic science field. Additionally there are schools and universities located throughout the state offering relevant programs, as well as online resources where certifications and degrees are available.
Criminalists working at the State Police Forensic Laboratory in Concord carry a heavy responsibility, analyzing forensic evidence for 220 cities and towns across New Hampshire, and often times providing the strongest persuasion in cases that secure lifetime criminal convictions. Recently these professionals upgraded a key component in their toolkit and now have advanced DNA analysis capabilities. This was secured by $125,000 in grants, and allowed for the purchase of new equipment. As specialized forensic science lab technicians, criminalists provide the following services:
Drug chemistry analysis
Serology and DNA analysis
Firearms and toolmark evaluations
Computer and video analysis
Fingerprint, tire tracks, and footwear lifting/casting
Blood alcohol analysis
These forensic lab scientists assisted the Concord Police Department in solving the following numbers of cases last year:
30 rapes
20 robberies
191 burglaries
29 auto thefts
CSI and Forensic Scientist in Rockingham County, New Hampshire
The forensic science field in Rockingham County is key to bringing justice to criminal perpetrators of crimes, as well as the victims. Residents are all too familiar with the recent tragic case involving a young woman who was killed by a man and his girlfriend accomplice, who then both dumped her body into the Piscataqua River, which has to the present time not been recovered.
Crime scene investigators and forensic lab scientists working on the case were able to gather enough evidence to charge the suspects with three counts of murder and witness tampering, conspiracy, and hindering prosecution, respectively.
Across the county, the following law enforcement agencies are prepared to deploy CSI professionals to crime scenes on short notice:
Derry Police Department
Londonderry Police Department
Rockingham County Sheriff's Office
Salem Police Department
Studying for a Career in Forensic Science
Candidates interested in learning how to become a crime scene investigator or forensic laboratory scientist in Rockingham County will find several colleges in the vicinity that offer degree programs directly pertinent to forensic science careers. In addition to these, students will also find a number of online schools offering both certification courses as well as degree programs in this field.
The following are general requirements as described by Rockingham County's law enforcement agencies:
Evidence Technician: These technicians are responsible primarily for the proper storage of evidence and may also be asked to assist at local crime scenes. Positions require at least a high school education.
Crime Scene Investigators: In this group there are various specializations, with the more science-oriented necessitating at least an associate degree in an appropriate field:
Fingerprint lifting and analysis
Trace evidence collection
The stated minimum education requirements are often not enough in these competitive CSI jobs, and candidates are therefore encouraged to pursue certifications such as:
Crime Scene Analyst
Crime Scene Investigator
Latent Print and Fingerprint
Forensic science jobs are with the State Police Crime Lab and require candidates to have at minimum a bachelor degree in any of the following sciences:
DNA and Genetics
A Recent Murder Case in Rockingham County
Crime scene and evidence experts working with the recent case involving the murder of a University of New Hampshire student were able to assist in the prosecution of the two now-convicted perpetrators using tried and true techniques plus the latest advances in technology:
Computer forensics specialists were able to check cell phone records to determine that text-message evidence had been erased and fabricated
DNA recovery experts and fingerprint technicians were able to locate both suspects' DNA and prints in the victim's car
CSI detectives were able to find and pursue discrepancies in the alibis offered by the perpetrators
Serology and DNA experts were able to obtain incriminating evidence from the male suspect's apartment
New Hampshire CSI/Forensics Resources
New Hampshire CSI Careers
New Hampshire CSI Salaries
New Hampshire Forensic Science Careers
New Hampshire Forensic Science/CSI Schools
New Hampshire CSI/Forensic Lab Jurisdictions
Hillsborough County, New Hampshire
Merrimack County, New Hampshire
Rockingham County, New Hampshire


text:
Q: Magento 2 Get Event When User View List Product, Sorting, Filter, Clear Options, Pagination, Add Wish List I am using Magento 2.3.5-p2
As stated in the title, I want to capture an event by the user when the user does any of the processes below

*

*User View List Product

*User Sort Product

*User Filter Product

*User Clear Options

*User Go Through Pagination

*User Add Item To Wish List

I can't seem to understand how the event is triggered in Magento 2 and how do I make the process to capture this event by the user using knockout js or any other relevant method
Currently what I am doing is by finding the desired value from URL parameter or by using jquery to get desired value such as number of product appearing in each page result
For example:
$('.product-item-info').length
The reason I want to capture this event is to make the process of executing the Google Tag Manager data layer easily, the code that I will put in is as below
require(['jquery', 'jquery/ui'], function($){

    dataLayer.push({
        'event': 'trackEvent',
        'eventDetails.category': 'product listing engagement',
        'eventDetails.action': 'show number of results',
        'eventDetails.label': product_list_limit+' of '+$('span.toolbar-number')[0].outerText
    });

})

Thus having to do one by one just to process for one event is really hard and time-consuming
Hope! Magento 2 experts can advise in a better way.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Discussion in 'Photography and Imaging' started by dmp, Aug 17, 2005.
So my spouse calls me on the telephone today. She tells me of a 'monster' which has moved into our back yard - looks like he decided to make a house under a tarp we have out back (covering mary's building materials).
He's about 6-8" high, mary estimates.
Don't invite Jimmy Carter over! or was that Gerald Ford?
I can see where she'd think it's a monster.. Lookit all that grass he took out all by himself!
There are bunnies (aka rabbits) in my back yard too.
They are so cute, and so well-behaved as to be almost invisible.
One night me and my room mate, Phil, heard this wild scream. We rushed outside, in the dark, and extracted a baby bunny from our cat's jaws.
I hope that baby bunny is now a Grand Mother or Father.
The cat is still alive- the sweetest, nicest cat, you'd agree, if you met her.
I hear the only thing that will take those babies out is the Holy Hand Grenade.
LOL sorry dude---next time I'll give it a day or two before I have to blurt it out.


text:
A modern renovation honors home's history
Renovations add style to 1898-era home in Kenwood
Nancy Crotti
Updated: March 15, 2016 - 2:23 pm
The McCarthys' home in Kenwood. Photo by Megan Dobratz
When Billy and Sue McCarthy decided they needed a bigger house, they didn't have to look far. The 1898 grand dame they found was just across Lake of the Isles in Kenwood.
"We were definitely looking for an open floor plan, more space to entertain and space for three growing boys," said Billy. "We loved our house, but there was no way to change it up anymore, to open it up."
That wouldn't be a problem at the corner house they purchased last spring. It has a huge yard and plenty of extra space. It also has good bones, and the family who had owned it for the previous 50 years had maintained it well. The large, original windows were intact, as were the wood floors, some interior glass doors, and most of the woodwork.
The house had undergone extensive renovations — including work done in the 1920s and '30s, according to records that Sue McCarthy and Minneapolis architect Mindy Sloo found at the Hennepin County Historical Society.
The McCarthys wanted to bring the house back to original appearance while modernizing some areas to suit their family and lifestyle. The timeline, however, was tight. The McCarthys' other home sold in four days and they wanted to move in by the fall.
The timeline wasn't the only challenge, according to Sloo. She needed to address the house's structural issues (including a sagging third floor) to support the redesign without disrupting what was in place.
The biggest changes came in the kitchen. General contractor Choice Wood Co. of St. Louis Park gutted this room and replaced a load-bearing column with a sturdy ceiling beam. The company built and finished the white enameled cabinets in its own shop, and replicated the eight-piece crown molding found elsewhere in the house.
Sue McCarthy had chosen a misty gray, beveled subway tile for the backsplash, and ended up having it installed above every counter. The cabinets and windows didn't leave much wall space, and a traditional 18-inch backsplash would have felt "kind of weak and ordinary," said interior designer Sue Weldon of Harris Weldon Interiors in Hopkins.
Sloo redesigned an existing informal dining area overlooking the back yard to remove sliding glass doors, a ceiling fan and skylight. Contractors added a spacious deck off the rear of the house.
Sloo also subtracted about 8 inches from the kitchen to expand an existing laundry room and convert it to a mudroom. Contractors removed a nonworking, three-story chimney brick-by-brick to make way for a floor-to-ceiling wooden storage unit with shelves, hooks and cubbies that keep clutter to a minimum. (Billy McCarthy joked that the mudroom has become his favorite space; Sue's is the sunny, cozy den off the living room, where she likes to sit and read.)
The McCarthys now had the square footage for entertaining, but it wasn't quite laid out the way they wanted. The couple decided to have the contractors remove a wall (complete with swinging door, a la Downton Abbey) that separated the kitchen from the adjacent family room and the former music room, now a dining room. At Erler's suggestion, they had Choice Wood construct a built-in dry bar opposite the family room, with beverage coolers concealed in drawers beneath the counter and leaded glass cabinet doors above.
Sloo recommended bringing the family room up to date by removing another skylight and a 4-by-4-foot window in the far wall. She redesigned the room with windows and case goods similar in shape, style and size to those in the rest of the house.
The McCarthys chose to replace a wall that separated the music/dining from the foyer with a pair of glass doors original to the house. The result is a sunnier foyer and an extension of the open floor plan.
Choice Wood reworked the main staircase leading to the second floor, removing a wall that hid the stairs, replacing the treads, risers, handrail and balustrades.
Relocating the laundry room to the second floor posed the third challenge. The hallway had a closet large enough to accommodate a washer and dryer, plus room to spare for a separate linen closet. The location in the house's core made it difficult to vent the dryer, according to Erler. A subcontractor figured out how to do it, and Choice Wood modified the bottom panels of existing wooden doors with period-style metal grates for air circulation.
A former nursery located off the master bedroom now serves as a walk-in closet. The master bath and boys' bath got a makeover, too.
The family decided to convert the former maids' quarters on the third floor (accessible by a second staircase) to a bedroom for their oldest son and a carpeted playroom for his younger brothers.
Like many old houses, this one held some surprises. The water pipes contained lead and had to go. Contractors discovered a turn-of-the-century whiskey bottle stashed, empty, inside the chimney. Sue McCarthy found an original light fixture, now hanging in the foyer, tucked away in a closet.
One of Billy McCarthy's and Ben Erler's favorite rooms actually isn't a room at all. It's the front porch. The original was sagging and out-of-proportion, its roof supported by oversized brackets that weren't in keeping with the house's style, Erler said. Choice Wood kept the porch's base and gave it a new roof, balustrades, concrete surround and stucco.
"It's big enough that if you're standing on that porch, you don't get rained on," Erler said. "It's kind of a grand entry…" for a grand dame.
Browse home improvement, Kenwood
More in Homes
Historic homes require tactful preservation
Homes keep selling during pandemic
Patios get upgrades during pandemic


The model flat at Chartered Beverley Hills was a transformative one. After the completion of the model flat, the builder's customers saw the potential of their own apartments and starting budget 3-4 times more on their respective interiors than they were before.
The project was designed to be universally appealing, yet with a strong personality of its own. The living room in its sky blue and light oak wood creates a cheerful and timeless hub of the home, and the bedrooms with their extra tall wardrobes and stylish decor form the perfect personal space for a cosmopolitan Bangalorean.
Warm, neutral tones are reflected in the kitchen , bedroom and wardrobe designs.
Not restricting ourselves to mere surface treatment, we employed subtle yet compelling lighting within the kitchen cabinets, above the bed headboards, within the wardrobes and across the false ceilings in the living spaces.
Furnishings, wallpapers and accessories were custom selected to further complement the interior architecture.


Most of the linguistic connections to vista focus on light, and this piece explores the opposite, continuing the same camera angle as the previous day. A quick improvisation taking advantage of the background noise in my apartment. I have a new mysterious British neighbour, and ever evening he speaks on the phone in our building's stairwell. Yet I've never managed to actually see him, only heard his voice amplified by the shape of the stairwell. Perhaps he is a phantom?


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Q: Get all 'Global administrators' users in Azure using python I want to list all users with the role of 'Global Administrator' in Azure.
I looked in the "AuthorizationManagementClient" and "GraphRbacManagementClient" classes but didn't find how to get this data.

A: Unfortunately, the Python SDK doesn't have any method to achieve your requirement.
However, the other alternative would be to make use of the GRAPH.
You could use the below GRAPH Endpoint :
https://graph.microsoft.com/beta/roleManagement/directory/roleAssignments?$filter=roleDefinitionId eq '62e90394-69f5-4237-9190-012177145e10'&$expand=principal

ID : 62e90394-69f5-4237-9190-012177145e10 -- Company Administrator (Global Administrator)
For other roles/role id you could refer to this blog or Run a powershell command Get-MsolRole | Sort-Object Name | ft Name,ObjectID,description
The response is a  returns User Collections who are the Company Administrator(Global Administrator)
Sample Response :

You could Python to invoke the Graph Endpoint. You can invoke it directly using the requests library or you can use the below library which is a wrapper of the Graph APIs
https://github.com/microsoftgraph/msgraph-sdk-python-core
Also, Note : You will have to register an Azure app with the below permission

Reference


text:
Rockland Entrepreneur's Digital Post Office Company Grows 50 Percent Over Past Two Months
The pandemic has taught us how to rethink the normal course of our daily life. We Zoom meetings, adapt our schedules, and wear masks, gloves, and social distance when we venture out, including a trip to the post office.
One Rockland County entrepreneur has given us a virtual postal option that eliminates the need to physically go to the office or to the post office to collect our mail. Jeff Milgram's Montebello-based iPostal1 is a postal platform made for a post-pandemic world: users view images of what's in their digital mailbox via an app on their desktop or phone. Then, depending on what you deem important, mail or packages can be forwarded, opened and scanned, scheduled for pickup, recycled or shredded.
"People have gotten a taste of the digital world during the pandemic," said Milgram. "Once they were separated from accessing their mail they realized they need a more efficient system. We expect ipostal1 will become a popular way to receive your mail."
iPostal1 is already servicing 200,000 customers through 1,000 retail pack-and-ship stores, co-working spaces, and serviced office suites. Customers pay $9.99 a month to set up a digital mailbox with a mailing address at partner locations.
As Rockland County, along with the Hudson Valley and the New York City region, begins re-opening up this week, people will begin to flow back to work. Working conditions are likely to remain strained and limited until a vaccine is developed. More people may continue to work from home part-time or full time. Some will simply want to avoid too much contact. Digital solutions will continue to be our go-to for the new normal.
IPostal1 has already seen a surge in interest, with a 50 percent rise in new sign-ups in the past two months.
"We expect the pace to continue and for the company to grow faster now than it would have if it had not been for the pandemic," said the CEO. "The first thing that became apparent to workers in March is that they went home and realized that they did not have access to the mail at their offices. We started to get call asking for help. People needed their checks, statements, bills."
Milgram understands only too well how important pivots are in business. In 2007 he founded an international mail forwarding company at a time when global commerce was beginning to burgeon. Manufacturers the world over shipped goods to a warehouse off Route 303 in Valley Cottage. But in 2017, he sold the business.
"We saw the big companies getting into that space," said Milgram. "We knew it would be difficult to compete."
Milgram left with the most important asset in hand: technology. A software designer, the entrepreneur had the technology skills and the vision to innovate a new industry. "It took two years to repurpose our software and repackage our concept in a whole new way," he said. Now iPostal1 has eight full-time programmers, consultants and marketing teams worldwide.
IPostal1's proprietary software gives mail or business centers the option of offering its clients a digital mailbox service, optional phone and fax number, and remote mail and package management. It is perceived as a value add-on for co-working companies that split the revenue with ipostal1.
Milgram touts the services at a better alternative than a P.O box, particularly for home-based businesses. A business can use an ipostal1 address to register a business, which is not an option with a United State P.O. box.
The company is also targeting travelers, ex-pats, RV'ers, and vacationers who want virtual control of their mail and packages. Digital mail also solves the pesky problem of porch pirates who snatch packages when people are not at home.
Any new technology takes a leap of faith. Long ago, we had to adapt to using the Internet, handing off credit cards, revealing personal data on web portals. It took time to evolve and trust the system. The same may be said about feeling comfortable that the contents of our mail will be secure and protected by digital mailboxes but as early adapter spread the word, iPostal1 will likely grow exponentially and become a valuable tool in navigating a world where we are more open to embracing digital solutions.
Tagged digital post boxesmailpandemicPO boxesRockland entrepreneurUS post office
Spreading Love On The Lawn: Yardgrams Make Celebrating More Fun During A Pandemic


The Australian Lending & Investment Centre | Buying your first home or your dream home?
Buying a first home, upgrading or even downsizing can be a exciting but stressful time. Like any major decision in your life preparation is the key. Its rare that you are making your biggest purchase decision overnight, so we recommend that you come and seek our advice as soon as possible.
Understanding your financial position and matching your ambitions and abilities is a critical phase in ensuring your have the right strategy and structure for your dream home. With such an emotional purchase getting the right advice and marring that with the best possible research is the key.
Come and see us today and we will work through a values based discussion around your future purchase to understand what's important to you about your first step into the Australian property market.
1. Have a Strategy. Why are you buying this property? What other properties did you consider? What is the longer term plan for this property, do you want to stay there for 20 years or just a few and then keep it as an investment property?
If you are new to a financial institution you will need to provide at least two forms of acceptable identification (current original driver's license, passport or Medicare Card). Before you complete you loan you may also be asked to supply these at a local bank branch to finalise your 100-point check.
We will need you last 3 months pay slips with year to date income, with your employers name and ABN/ACN or a bank statement with your three months account history if you salary is credited to the bank you are seeking your loan from.
We will work through a statement of position with you that covers what you own or owe from savings, shares, property, superannuation, credit cards personal loans, trusts and directorships.
Please bring a copy of your current insurance details (home and contents / landlords, life and income protection).
If you are a company, Trust or sole trader we will require the last 2 years financial accounts, last 2 years tax returns for both individual and business as well as individual notice of assessments.
We will require your last six months statements from the financial institution you are refinancing from that shows your names, account numbers and bank details as well as all insurance details on the property. You can also provide your internet transaction statement for the most up to date information.
You will need your executed contract of sale, a copy of the deposit receipt and the details of your conveyancer /solicitor.


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Rottentail - The Movie!
DriveThru Comics
Shelter Division
Jasper's Starlight Tavern
Wages of Sin
Of Thoughts and Nightmares
The Weekly Sham
Comics Experience
Josh Werner
RAMPANT Distribution Expands
The distribution of Joshua Werner's popular horror novella Rampant has expanded in North America!
Here's what the author has to say about the new Ingram distribution agreement: "It is now significantly easier for book stores to carry Rampant! Here's the thing, just because they can, doesn't mean they will. That is, unless people go to their favorite bookstore and ask for it. And this is where I need your help!" While the book is readily available to purchase from Amazon.com, BarnesandNoble.com, SourcePointPress.com and others, Werner asks his readers looking to purchase Rampant to consider going to their favorite local bookstore and requesting a copy to be ordered in. He goes on to say: "The specific benefits to this are two-fold. 1.) You are now helping to support a book store as well! 2.) It helps me also, because sometimes when a store gets a request for a title they're not currently carrying, they will often order 1 or 2 extras at the same time, as "shelf copies" that they will put out in the store. This is a great way for new people to discover it! When asking for them to get it in, you can even suggest that they consider ordering more copies for the store shelves. This would mean the absolute world to me, as my own reach to introduce the book to new people only goes so far."
Set in the 18th Century Swiss Confederacy, Rampant tells the tale of a young man who stumbles upon a family's terrible secret that will change his life forever, and will reveal lycanthropy's true origins. Complete with original illustration, a captivating foreword written by Kasey Pierce, and two engrossing afterwords by Werner that delve into the story's roots in real history as well as its connections with Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, this novella becomes a must-read, setting the stage for a return of intelligence and grandeur to the horror genre.
"Joshua Werner's tale of tragedy, heartbreak, and bloodlust is an outstanding homage to the Gothic era of horror. His literary descriptions created a realm that devoured my senses and left me hungry for more." - Kasey Pierce, KosmicKasy.com
Additionally, Source Point Press would like to encourage our readers to leave reviews on any of our books that you read on sites such as Amazon.com, Goodreads, and other places. These allow people to get a feel for the book from an unbiased point of view, which could help them decide if the book is something they'd enjoy. "Thank you all so much for the praise you've been giving it in reviews. I read every single one and they're very appreciated," says Joshua Werner.
Lastly: If you are someone who really enjoyed Rampant, and you'd like to support it further, Rampant t-shirts are available at the Source Point Press webstore! Werner has stated that if a fan sends in a photo of themselves wearing a Rampant t-shirt, or visits the Source Point Press booth or his personal booths at a convention, he will do a free werewolf sketch for them!
.banner-thumbnail-wrapper { display:none; }
Newer PostPieces of Madness Special Edition Hits Kickstarter
Older PostHOLLISTON Comic Sequel Green-Lit
Want to advertise in one of our comic books? Email Joshua Werner at josh@SourcePointPress.com
©2016 Source Point Press. All rights reserved.


text:
Q: My existing flask application fails to run via apache server if I add statement import matplotlib I am on windows 10 and working with python 3.10
I have a flask application that renders an html file with data from postgresql
I am running it through an apache server.( httpd)
I have a web.wsgi, and it runs perfect
Now I want to add a route to the flask application to create charts. I have added the following example to try out.
It loads if I run flask as an application, and I can see the chart too in  http://127.0.0.1:5000/print-plot
However when I try to run the same application through apache server ( httpd) even the base page does not load . It takes forever( localhost:80 is not loading).
By eliminating,  I realized that just the statement
import matplotlib
, is preventing the base html page from loading through apache( though independently running the flask app works)
If I comment import matplotlib           the page loads
Where am I going wrong?
This is the approute  example I used for matplotlibhttps://www.tutorialspoint.com/how-to-show-matplotlib-in-flask
Adding the following to my existing flask code made it available through directly running flask but made the base page failing to load via apache
import io
from flask import Response
from matplotlib.backends.backend_agg import FigureCanvasAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import numpy as np
plt.rcParams["figure.figsize"] = [7.50, 3.50]
plt.rcParams["figure.autolayout"] = True
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/print-plot')
def plot_png():
   fig = Figure()
   axis = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)
   xs = np.random.rand(100)
   ys = np.random.rand(100)
   axis.plot(xs, ys)
   output = io.BytesIO()
   FigureCanvas(fig).print_png(output)
   return Response(output.getvalue(), mimetype='image/png')

This runs perfectly fine if I run the flask app independently. The chart in fact loads in
However if I try to runthe apache server ( httpd

A: This solution if for windows in your httpd-vhosts.conf add the following line after WSGIScriptAlias statement
WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}


According to The Wall Street Journal, Michael Sanchez, brother to Jeff Bezos' mistress Lauren Sanchez, is the source of the leaked text messages between the two.
Citing sources "familiar with the matter," WSJ said Michael Sanchez received $200,000 for the leaked texts. According to the report, Michael Sanchez was paid upfront, and even negotiated the option of selling the texts to other publications if the Enquirer chose not to publish.
This should comes as no surprise to Bezos. According to The Los Angeles Times, his investigators came to the conclusion that Michael Sanchez was involved in the leaks earlier this year. When those reports became public, Michael Sanchez fired back at Bezos' investigator, Gavin de Becker, for identifying him as giving false information in stories for the Daily Beast and the Daily Mail.
The Times published one of Sanchez' tweets about Bezos' investigator that has since been removed.
The Wall Street Journal's report adds credence to Sanchez's image as the brother whose slow career as an agent led him to sell-out his sister who, Bezos aside, is doing well for herself. His two most-known clients are cable news pundit Scottie Nell Hughes and dancer Mary Murphy from So You Think You Can Dance.
Lauren Sanchez began her career co-hosting Good Day LA, reporting for the celebrity news show Extra, and eventually hosting So You Think You Can Dance.
She acquired her helicopter and pilot's license and currently works as an aviation cinematographer. Her Santa Monica-based company Black Ops Aviation worked on the movie Dunkirk, and also shot footage for Bezos' space tourism company Blue Origin.
It is unclear how Michael Sanchez reportedly acquired the texts.
Bezos and his wife MacKenzie announced they were getting a divorce after 25 years of marriage on Twitter the day before the National Enquirer published the expose of his affair with Lauren Sanchez.
Lauren Sanchez is currently married to Patrick Whitesell for 13 years and they share two children together. She also has a son from a previous relationship.
People Magazine reported earlier this year that though the two are still living in the same home, that they are in the process of getting a divorce with a source saying their marriage has been troubled for some time.


Planning well is half job done. So before you begin with the remodeling of your kitchen it is very important that one has a clear idea as to what is the cost of kitchen remodeling in Los Angeles going to be. One should always prepare a budget before getting their kitchen remodeled. Without it one might have to spend extra. Many people ask the cost of kitchen remodeling that is considered idle. Well the budget for remodeling should be around 15 % of the value of the home. It is in fact a very beneficial and rewarding project that a homeowner can undertake.
Kitchens are the heart of house. Those who work in kitchen feel elevated and contented if the working surroundings are as per their likings and provide them a luxurious and elegant life style. The renowned website of the Service provider for kitchen cabinets provide the knowhow about What Are the Latest Kitchen Remodeling Trends in Los Angeles and which is near to your dreams. With innumerable styles, designs, colors and species and in different sizes, these wonderfully attractive kitchen cabinets have become darling of beauty loving contractors, engineers, interior decorators, architects and individuals who wish to remodel, renovate.
Looking for kitchen cabinets could be scaring, particularly for a first time purchaser. There are numerous of important kitchen cabinet associations, and numerous littler custom kitchen cabinets shop where you are able to buy any kind of cabinets. So the question arises as What Kind of Kitchen Cabinets Can I Buy? Most of the kitchen cabinet producers construct their kitchen base and divider cabinet in standard sizes. The kitchen base-cabinets are regularly 24 inches profound and 34.5 inches tall. Their widths begin at 12 inches and moves up to 48 inches frequently in expanding width additions of 3 inches.
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Kitchen Cabinets can transform your normal looking kitchen into a gorgeous and trendy one. Villa Cabinetry, a shop specialised for this purpose is the best place to stop and deal with kitchen cabinets. Horde always makes a question that Where to Get Kitchen Cabinets for Cheap? Then this shop is the only name to be trusted blindly and they ensure not to prove their beloved customers as a blind.
Watch the website of Premier Store in town and have a refreshing account of What Kitchen Cabinets Are in Style 2013 to fit your modern kitchen lased with latest fittings. View each displayed item and find which one is near to your dreams, from all styles elegant, primitive or with royal touch to dreams of 21st century. Customized designs in suitable sizes suiting to your kitchen dimensions have been developed in consultation with interior designers of repute and with a modern thinking in their approach. Experts in Store may help the customer in executing their dream ideas in reality. Make the kitchen unique with dream creations.
As bathroom cabinet experts we have been serving homeowners in order to generate the bathroom of their dreams for years. We have multiple solutions for your bathroom cabinet needs. As a team we provide the custom look for all clients, with the largest selection of methods, finishes, storage solution cabinets and ornamental improvements in cabinetry all with the best prices. As experts in bathroom cabinets Los Angeles we have a great history and that is why bathroom designs always turn out to be unique and leave our clients satisfied. We work with all kinds of bathroom cabinetry needs whether you need something large or small we are here to help you.
Kitchen Remodeling Los Angeles services are dependable and entirely trustworthy. That is why most of the people like to go for their services for renovation and remodeling of their kitchen with expertise. Designing of kitchen along with planning remodeling and renovating involves quite a few decisions that will offer superior deals where persons can cook contentedly in near future. Remodeling of kitchen is a type of requirement for every house, as everyone needs his or her cooking area look graceful and stunning as well as durable.
Kitchen is such a section of house where life dwells day night. There cannot be any day when people don't spend some part of their time in kitchen. It is one of the most essential parts of a home. With the change in people's living style and their lifestyle, the pattern of food and eating habits have also undergone a massive change. People now have a much busy lifestyle and they hardly find any time to cook. This makes them search for options that could make their kitchen systematic and a facile place to cook. Kitchen design Los Angeles has been making house a better place for living since years.
Among several sections of a house, kitchen has its own importance. Everyone wants his/her kitchen to be a special and unique place having all kinds of facilities. Kitchen redesigning service providing company assists in this purpose. There are several companies that provide the facility of Los Angeles Kitchen Redesign.
Nowadays the trend of kitchen cabinets has grown largely as it gives dashing look to the kitchen. It also can store huge quantities of materials and stuffs devoid of mixing them. Cabinets in the kitchen also enhance the interiors. Los Angeles Kitchen Redesign has been providing the best quality and durability to the kitchen. The cabinets in the kitchen amplify the look. They are known for the pocket friendly services.
Remodeling of kitchen is a major requirement for every house as everyone needs their cooking area look graceful and stunning as well as durable. Designing of kitchen along with planning remodeling and renovating involves quite a few decisions that will offer superior deals where persons can cook contentedly in near future. Los Angeles kitchen remodeling services and facilities is available for the people with several beneficial options. They are very special with their services and the given points show it.


Saint John, New Brunswick: Investing in the education of our youth is an investment we are proud to make. Canaport LNG is delighted to provide a $10,000 donation to The Gaia Project, a program offering unique, hands on experiential learning that provides students with the resources they need to take local action that will impact the global challenge of climate change.
Focusing on energy and climate literacy, career planning and STEAM (science, technology, engineering and math) skills, The Gaia Project offers programs for elementary, middle and high schools across New Brunswick. In partnership with Canaport LNG's PALS school, Forest Hills School, Gaia delivered the Trash Trackers program, a waste audit program designed to allow students the opportunity to examine their waste impact and discover first hand what could have been recycled or composted instead of going to the landfill. Other classes participated in the Energy Detectives, Energy Engineers and Electrify Your Ride programs, all aimed at investigating energy consumption and reduction, learning about sustainable transportation, and the smart energy grid.
Jane Burchill, Program Delivery Officer for The Gaia Project, said: "Having local sponsors like Canaport LNG allows The Gaia Project to reach even more students with our programs. This allows students to gain perspective on energy, environment and climate change to make informed decisions, which is so important as they are the leaders of tomorrow"
The Gaia Project is a New Brunswick based charity with the mission to empower youth to take action on climate change for a healthy environment. In the 2017-2018 school year, Gaia ran 143 projects, worked with 5301 students and visited 52 schools.


text:
Changelogs
==========

The monitoring service records changelogs for alarm statuses. Changelogs
are accessible as a Time Series Collection. By default the API queries
the last 7 days of changelog information.

View Changelog
--------------

.. code-block:: php

  $changelog = $service->getChangelog();

  foreach ($changelog as $item) {
     $entity = $item->getEntityId();
  }

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub