Munoz was first seen in the important mountainous border kingdoms of Castile and Galicia in what is now Spain. Munoz family history gives us many variations of the surname; these are Muoz, Muiz, Muniz, Muo, Muones, and more. Munoz genealogy shows that Gonzalo Muoz arrived at San Juan Island in 1511; Pedro Muoz settled in the Dominican Republic in 1517. Famous members of the family include Spanish theoretical physicist Francisco Jose Yndurain Mu�oz, Mexican Olympic breast stroke champion Felipe Mu�oz, Pro Football Hall of Fame offensive tackle Anthony Mu�oz, and Catholic�Cardinal and former�Archbishop of Bogot� An�bal Mu�oz Duque.


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WEBINAR: Listening to Young Parents: The Multigenerational Making of Mental Health
On May 20, CLASP hosted a webinar on parental mental health, focusing on young parents. The impact of parental mental health on children's development and outcomes is well-documented, but these impacts are rarely considered while centering young parents' experiences. We have also rarely considered the unique experiences of young parents of color, and the role of inter-generational trauma in shaping families' relationship to mental health. "Listening to Young Parents: The Multi-generational Making of Mental Health" brings together two presentations that draw on qualitative reports from young parents to offer practice, program, and policy solutions to addressing their mental health needs. This webinar will focus on listening to and learning from the lived experience of young parents.
The webinar drew from CLASP's publication "Looking at Life Different: Equitable Mental Health Support for Young Adult Parents." This report explains how we can best help young parents by recognizing parenthood as a valued, central identity that can spur growth and development in other key areas. Our conversations with young adult parents of color surfaced two unique forms of trauma: infant mortality and amplified environmental stress in the context of raising children. We also surfaced two striking types of chronic stress: deferring dreams and goals in favor of meeting immediate needs and stress linked to policy and program barriers. Finally, young parents identified three particularly important sources of support: their child's other parent, the broader community, and resources that help them meet basic needs. Our conversations with young parents suggested a substantial mismatch between their needs and available systems of support.
Presenters Include:
Dr. Nia West-Bey: Nia West-Bey is a senior policy analyst with CLASP's youth policy team. Her work is focused on youth and young adult mental health, strategies to support young, low-income parents of color as well as girls and young women of color. Dr. West-Bey earned an M.A. and a Ph.D. in community psychology from New York University and completed her undergraduate degree at Swarthmore College.
Clelie Choute is a Detroit native, graduated from the University of Michigan. After her lived experience with postpartum depression she founded an advocacy organization called "Raw Uncut Woman" that has built wavelengths in social media for young women, inspiring them with average everyday mothers/wives/women.
Webinar slides can be found here
References can be found here
Presentation/Webinar
Nia West-Bey

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Bernie Harfleet and Donna Turtle Sarten voted 2016 NZ Sculpture OnShore Visitor Favourite. Photo: Goina Thedinga.
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SIU Investigating Fatal Police-involved Shooting in Tecumseh
No Criminal Wrongdoing Found in Relation to Fatal Police-Involved Shooting in Tecumseh
This report relates to the SIU's investigation into the death of a 48-year-old man (the "Complainant").
On June 14, 2019, at 10:30 p.m., the Essex Detachment of the Ontario Provincial Police (OPP) notified the SIU of the death by firearm of the 48-year-old Complainant during a stand-off at the Complainant's home in Tecumseh. The OPP reported that at 8:13 p.m., officers responded to a home in Tecumseh where a man had apparently barricaded himself in a bathroom and was armed with at least one knife.
OPP officers entered the house and began negotiations with the Complainant. The negotiations failed and, after a while, the Complainant charged out of the bathroom and stabbed one of the police officers. Several Conducted Energy Weapon (CEW) discharges were directed at the Complainant but none were effective, and he was eventually shot and killed.
The residence where the Complainant lived, the scene of the incident, was examined by SIU forensic personnel. Documents and materials were requested of the OPP and later received and reviewed.
SIU Forensic Investigators attended the post-mortem examination and various exhibits were identified and later sent to the Centre of Forensic Sciences (CFS) for analyses.
SO Declined interview, as is the subject officer's legal right. Notes received and reviewed.
The scene was a single family back-split style residence. It was a three-bedroom home with all the bedrooms and one bathroom on the upper level. The main level consisted of the entrance way, living room and kitchen. The lower levels consisted of a family room, utility room and second bathroom.
An area of blood was noted on the driveway at the entrance to the garage and medical debris was scattered around the blood, which was later determined to be that of WO #5.
Inside the entrance were blood drops on the tile floor and evidence of a CEW deployment. Once past the entrance way and to the left, the living room and kitchen were visible. More blood drops were noted in the area of the stairs and a small pool and smearing of blood were on the kitchen floor.
The main area of disturbance appeared to be around the stairs leading up to the bedrooms and bathroom. Scuff marks were visible on the wall and two puncture holes were evident in the drywall, one on each side of the stairs. A single cartridge case was found on the second step. Evidence of further CEW deployment - probes, blast doors, wire and Anti-Felon Identification Tags - were scattered about.
A pair of scissors and a steak knife were on a table in the living room and both were smeared with blood.
Figure 1 - The scissors that were located inside the Complainant's home.
Figure 2 - The knife that was located inside the Complainant's home.
The bathroom was a three-piece bathroom with dual sinks on the counter. Blood was smeared on a towel in the tub and some blood drops were marked in one of the sinks as were further signs of CEW deployment.
The remainder of the home was undisturbed and very neat, except for the bedroom in the south-west corner of the house, which was occupied by the Complainant. The room was messy and unkempt and myriad prescribed medication bottles bearing the Complainant's name were aligned on a dresser.
The CEW Data
The SO, WO #3 and WO #5 discharged their CEW weapons at the Complainant. The following is data downloaded by the SIU for each weapon. [1]
WO #3
WO #3 discharged his weapon four times; the first at 9:02:01 p.m., for five seconds and again five seconds later for two seconds. His third discharge of five seconds started at 9:02:10 p.m. His last discharge was at 9:02:22 p.m., for an additional five seconds.
The SO
The SO triggered his CEW twice; the first discharge was delivered at 9:06:11 p.m. for a duration of seven seconds. His second discharge was at 9:06:21 p.m., for five seconds.
WO #5 also discharged his CEW twice; once at 9:08:25 p.m., for one second and again three seconds later for a duration of five seconds.
CFS Submissions and Results
The semi-automatic firearm assigned to the SO was received by the CFS in firing condition. It was test fired using a suitable detachable cartridge magazine from the CFS Firearms Reference Collection. The pistol functioned as designed. Test fired cartridge cases were microscopically compared to the above noted firearm. There is an agreement of class and individual characteristics between the comparison items. The result of the test was as follows: The cartridge case attributed to the subject officer's Glock handgun was identified within the limits of practical certainty, as having been fired by the handgun assigned to the subject officer.
Figure 3 - The SO's Glock handgun.
Post-mortem Examination and Report
A post-mortem examination of the deceased was conducted in Toronto and attended by SIU personnel. Three CEW probes and corresponding wire were located on the body attached to the right side of the blue T-shirt. Another probe had penetrated the left leg above the knee and a further probe was found in the left rear pants pocket. Three probes were found loose in the body bag.
Numerous bruises and abrasions were noted by the pathologist and a cut to the back of the right lower leg and a corresponding cut to a pant leg was also noted.
A small hole was discovered in the right upper chest of the deceased and the blue T-shirt had a corresponding hole in that area. The projectile was visible under x-ray and the round was recovered in the left mid back area during the internal examination.
The projectile had a right to left and downward trajectory through the body with the entrance wound to the right upper chest. A four-centimetre penetrating stab wound was found under the chin which the pathologist described as non-fatal and likely self-inflicted. At 2:25 p.m., the pathologist concluded the post mortem examination and reported the cause of death as gunshot wound.
The postmortem report, dated August 26, 2020, confirmed that the Complainant's death was a "gunshot wound to the chest".
The 911 Call
When CW #1 called the 911 operator, she was immediately put through to the OPP Communications Centre. She was outside her home on the driveway and sounded out of breath and was crying. She told the operator that her son had just threatened to kill himself and had been diagnosed with mental health issues, including psychotic episodes.
She explained that the Complainant was alone in the house and was carrying a kitchen steak knife. She did not know if he had taken his prescribed medication that day but said she did not believe that he had consumed alcohol or used illicit drugs. She was terrified to return to the house and was told by the dispatcher to remain outside until police arrived.
CW #1 also explained that the episode started when she chastised her son for smoking in the house. It was at that point that he produced a knife in her presence and held it to his throat. Police officers then arrived.
11 photographs of WO #5's injuries;
Report of Protected Firearm Inventory;
Journal notes of WO #5;
The notes of all witness officers;
The 911 call of CW #1;
The Ambulance Call Report (ACR) for the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) crew at the scene;
The ACR for the EMS crew transporting WO #5;
The Emergency Response Team (ERT) Log;
The OPP Event Chronology;
The OPP General Occurrence;
Notes of the SO;
The shift roster for the Essex County Detachment; and
The CEW data downloads for the three police officers who discharged their CEW.
The material events in question surrounding the Complainant's death are clear on the evidence collected by the SIU, which included statements from each of the five witness officers who were present in and around the time of the shooting, an interview with the Complainant's mother, forensic analyses of the scene and items of evidence, and the results of the postmortem examination. While the SO, as was his legal right, declined to interview with the SIU, he did release a copy of his notes. The first officers to arrive at the scene – a single-family dwelling located in Tecumseh – were WO #1, WO #2 and WO #3. They had been dispatched at about 8:15 p.m. with information that the Complainant was in a bathroom with a knife and threatening to kill himself.
WO #1, WO #2 and WO #3 entered the residence. Positioned to the left of the front entrance and at the base of a short flight of stairs to the next floor up, the officers could hear the Complainant inside the bathroom to the left at the top of the stairs. The Complainant told them to "fuck-off" and suggested they shoot him in the head. He noted he had not yet hurt himself, but that he would imminently do so. When asked if he had ingested any drugs, the Complainant acknowledged having consumed a large quantity of cocaine.
The SO was the next officer to arrive at the scene. He entered the home and placed WO #3 in charge of all communications with the Complainant; the officer had seemed to build a rapport of sorts with the Complainant and had been formally trained in negotiations. Meanwhile, the SO made arrangements aimed at containing and de-escalating the situation. He directed that other officers responding to the scene do so without using their sirens to avoid further agitating the Complainant. He had EMS stage in the area of the home's garage in the event they were urgently needed. And he asked for the deployment of a canine unit to the scene to assist in tracking the Complainant should he manage to escape with knives in hand.
With the arrival at about 8:40 p.m. of the dog handler, WO #4, together with his partner on the day and ERT member, WO #5, the SO set in motion a plan for the apprehension of the Complainant. In the event the Complainant dispossessed himself of the edged-weapons and agreed to surrender peacefully, WO #1 and WO #5, stationed at the foot of the flight of stairs going upstairs, would assume physical control over the Complainant and take him into custody. On the other hand, should the Complainant emerge from the bathroom with the edged-weapons in his possession, WO #2, WO #3 and WO #4, positioned in a stack on the staircase, would use their CEWs to immobilize the Complainant. For his part, the SO, at the end of the stack, would have his firearm drawn ready to be used as a last resort if the CEWs discharges proved ineffective.
Soon after the officers moved into their designated locations, the Complainant closed the bathroom door and turned on the water. Those actions caused the officers to fear that the Complainant was self-harming or about to self-harm. With the SO's approval, WO #5 moved up the stairs and opened the bathroom door. Peering through the door and seeing blood on the bathtub, WO #5 signaled as much to his colleagues and then made his way further into the bathroom. The Complainant was inside the bathtub holding a pair of scissors in one hand and a decorative pillow up against his upper body with the other. He reacted angrily to the officer's presence and told him to leave. His CEW drawn, WO #5 proceeded further into the bathroom. When he was within an arm's length of the Complainant, WO #5 tried to yank the pillow out of the Complainant's hands. The officer managed to raise it a certain distance and then discharged his CEW toward the Complainant's torso. The discharge had no effect.
The Complainant, still holding the pillow, stepped out of the bathtub and approached WO #5. He had a knife in his right hand and a pair of scissors in his left. WO #5 again discharged his CEW, as did WO #3, who had followed WO #5 into the bathroom. The Complainant continued to advance and was soon outside the bathroom door where there ensued a melee with the officers.
The combatants fell down and landed at the bottom of the flight of stairs. The Complainant swung his knife and scissors at the officers from a supine position on the floor as the officers tried to contain him. Further discharges from the SO's CEW failed to incapacitate the Complainant, who managed to inflict a deep stab wound into WO #5's right forearm. WO #5 cried out that he had been stabbed and was taken outside for treatment. The other officers retreated to the extent they could, and the Complainant made it to his feet again.
With the knife and scissors still in his possession, the Complainant angrily confronted the SO and yelled, "Fuck you." From the top of the staircase looking down, the SO, who had holstered his CEW and drawn his firearm, discharged a single shot at the Complainant. The bullet struck the Complainant in the upper right chest and felled him.
Paramedics at the scene tended to the Complainant and transported him to hospital, where he was pronounced deceased at 9:32 p.m.
The pathologist at autopsy attributed the Complainant's death to a gunshot wound to the chest.
On June 14, 2019, just after 9:00 p.m., the Complainant was mortally wounded by gunfire. OPP officers had responded to the Complainant's home in Tecumseh following a 911 call from his mother that he was holed up with knives in the bathroom and threatening to harm himself. Following a period of negotiation, a physical altercation ensued between the officers and the Complainant culminating in the Complainant being shot once by the SO. On my assessment of the evidence, there are no reasonable grounds to believe that the SO committed a criminal offence in connection with the Complainant's death.
Whether pursuant to section 25(3) of the Criminal Code , which restricts an officer's use of lethal force in the execution of an act which he or she is authorized or required to do by law, or section 34, setting out the ambit of legally justifiable force used in defence of oneself or another from an actual or threatened attack, I am satisfied on reasonable grounds that the SO acted lawfully when he shot the Complainant. The former limits recourse to lethal force to situations in which an officer reasonably believes it is necessary to preserve oneself or another from death or grievous bodily harm. The latter requires that the defensive force be reasonable in all the circumstances with regard to such considerations as: the nature of the force or threat; whether any party to the incident used or threatened to use a weapon; and, the nature and proportionality of the person's response to the use or threat of force.
At the outset, it bears noting what is readily apparent on the record, namely, that the SO was engaged in the lawful execution of his duties when he responded to the 911 call and took charge of the police response to a highly volatile situation involving an armed man threatening to harm himself and others. In the events that transpired over the course of about 40 minutes prior to the shooting, there is nothing to suggest that the SO acquitted himself other than professionally. By all accounts, the officer did what he could to de-escalate the situation and achieve a peaceful resolution: he had a trained negotiator lead all communications with the Complainant; he consulted with the Complainant's mother as to what might calm the Complainant and adopted some of her advice, at one point attempting to place the Complainant in touch with his brother; and, he prevented WO #4's dog from entering the residence for fear that the dog's barking might provoke the Complainant. All the while, the SO ensured the appropriate resources were in place to deal with various contingencies, such as armed conflict with the Complainant and resulting injury. Needless to say, by the time of the shooting, the Complainant was clearly subject to arrest for his assaultive behaviour toward the officers.
Of course, while the SO's planning attests to his prudence in the police operation that regrettably ended in the Complainant's death, the liability analysis is premised on his state of mind and the circumstances such as they prevailed at the time of the shooting. The SO did not interview with the SIU. However, in the notes he made of the incident, the SO says that he discharged his weapon at the Complainant fearing his life to be in danger from an imminent knife attack. I have no reason to doubt the authenticity of the SO's proclaimed belief.
By the time the SO discharged his firearm, he had just seen and heard the Complainant wildly attacking OPP officers armed with a pair of scissors and a knife, seriously injuring one of them – WO #5 – in the process. Repeated CEW discharges, including two from the SO, had failed to achieve their intended effect. Now confronted with the Complainant rising back to his feet, edged-weapons still in his possession and seemingly intent on injuring the officers, I am satisfied that the SO's believed that his life was in imminent peril and that shooting the Complainant was necessary to protect himself from a lethal threat. It should be noted that the Complainant was no more than two to three metres away from the SO when the shot was fired, and that retreat was neither readily available to the officer in light of the close quarters in which events transpired nor a realistic option given the risk the Complainant also posed to other officers in the vicinity at the time.
Finally, based on the aforementioned record, I not only believe that the SO was honestly of the view that shooting the Complainant was necessary, I further accept that the officer's apprehensions were reasonable in the circumstances. Put simply, faced with a mortal threat and only split seconds to decide what to do, I cannot find fault with the SO's belief that he had to shoot the Complainant to protect himself from an imminent risk of death.
In the final analysis, I am satisfied that the SO did not resort to lethal force other than after the combined manpower of five police officers and repeated CEW discharges had failed to subdue the Complainant and then only as a final option, rendered necessary to thwart a real and present danger of death or grievous bodily harm. Consequently, as I am of the view that the SO did not act excessively or unreasonably when he discharged his firearm at the Complainant causing his tragic death, there is no basis for proceeding with criminal charges in this case against the subject officer and the file is closed.
Date:	April 6, 2020
1) The CEW internal clocks were not synchronized. When corrected, it appears that all eight discharges occurred within seconds of each other starting at about 9:02 p.m. [Back to text]


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Ivy Golf
Clubs & Parts
Golf Clubs & Parts
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From understanding the key differences between clubs to knowing when to use them, our guides and reviews aim to help you make the right decision when the time comes to change your clubs. Check out some of the tutorials and product reviews that teach you how to get the most out of your money.
Best Beginner Golf Clubs
For beginners, getting a golf set that will see you through to a mid-handicap is crucial. Though many will recommend buying clubs individually, it's very rarely more cost-effective than buying a pre-made set that's marketed at beginners. It's common to assume beginner golf clubs will be poor quality, but some of the best golf clubs for beginners are really decent clubs. Buying a good set is a great way to get started and have everything you need to take your first few steps in golf.
For beginners, putting can be infuriatingly difficult. It requires cool, calm-headed practice, and a beginner putter that's up to the task. Your initial clubs are crucial to ensuring you get as much enjoyment from the game as possible, and progress at a rate you're happy with. Follow our guide to beginner putters to ensure you buy a putter that's worth every penny.
Irons For Mid Handicappers
Reaching a mid handicap is an achievement to be proud of. To continue improving and take your game to the next level, it's likely you'll be looking to upgrade your current set of clubs to include some of the best irons for mid handicappers. Although by this point you'll be head-over-heels in love with the game of golf, it's still important you find a set of irons that put a smile on your face with every swing.
If you're stuck in the bunker, you'll need a sand wedge at your disposal to recover the ball. These have a high degree of loft and use it to slide through the sand in order to pop the ball up. If you're looking to get your hands on a good quality sand wedge, we've rounded up some of the best sand wedges around.
Senior Golf Clubs
With age come challenges that affect your game. Health-related issues and a reduction in mobility can definitely impact your ability to play the game how you used to. That said, getting your hands on a set of golf clubs for seniors will help give you the best chance of reducing the impact age has on your golf.
If you find yourself on the fairway with plenty of distance to carry, a fairway wood is an excellent choice of club. They aren't just limited to the fairway and can also be used off the tee, sometimes more reliably than a driver due to their shorter shaft.
Shafts are crucial in allowing you to deliver clubhead speeds, translating into distance and ball speed. With a series of materials and flex ratings available, confusion can arise when it comes to selecting one. Materials tend to vary across clubs, with driver shafts usually made from graphite, and irons typically made out of steel.
Golf Travel Bags
Golf travel bags are essential for those of you who like to take your clubs with you when you travel. After all, you can spend thousands on a set of clubs so looking after them on your travels just makes sense. The best travel bags have plenty of padding and straps to ensure that your clubs stay secure and stable during your trip.
Driving Irons
Driving irons are excellent clubs to use from the tee. They're often easier to control than shots with a wood, but still allow for superb amounts of distance. If you're a player that is struggling with their tee shots it might be time you invest in a utility iron.
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Our Suburban Farm: Who Done It? I did!
Last Saturday night Erin had a murder mystery party for her birthday...and it was a Twenties theme! I was SO excited about it leading up to the night and it was even more fun than I imagined. She bought a kit online and everyone got a character. I was Rebecca Ravioli, daughter of the Chicago Mob Boss, "Big Jim" Ravioli. We had background information about our character and a few things we had to do (I had to get in an argument with my dad about letting me marry who I want to). When we got our original info...I found out that I was the murderer! I was so excited...but I had to keep it to myself. It was so hard!
At the beginning of the night we all received bags with a notepad to write down the info we found out, play money to bribe people, a gun, and more secret information that we weren't supposed to read yet.
Katie with her new husband, my dad, "Big Jim" Ravioli (played by the dog because he was to die soon).
Erin's husband Ted as the inspector. "Big Jim" was just shot and the Inspector had to share the clues. After that, we were able to read our second book of secret info. It contained more jobs that we were supposed to do as well as secrets about other players. This is where the fun started. We all had to have conversations with each other and we had to pay attention to what other people were doing and saying.
After a couple hours, we were all called together. Everyone had to verbally guess who they thought the killer was. Only one person guessed me!
Erin (or Alice "Al" Capone) tallying the results of the Best Dressed and Best Performer contest.
And I won Best Performer! I was so excited! I may have been a little loud...but I took my part seriously!
It was such a fun night and I would love to do one of these again. Thank you so much Erin for hosting it!
You may have noticed that Adam was absent from the evening. He had to cancel at the last minute because of things going on at home. He was sorely missed...although my acting may have embarrassed him a bit...so maybe it is good he wasn't there!


We all go into the new year with a list of improvements on our mind, whether it be to lose weight, work smarter not harder, or clean up the clutter. One of the most popular times for people to think about home improvements also happens to be in January. You've just hosted family and friends in your home over the holidays and you've realized the issues with your space. In this three part series about getting started on a kitchen remodel, we'll take a look at how you might approach your project to make the end result as great as it can be.


text:
Hobart Rowland , Gerard Choucroun and Brad Tyer June 13, 1996 4:00AM
Grant Lee Buffalo
Slash/Reprise
Copperopolis is hardly the triumphant, back-to-the-wall effort you'd expect from Grant Lee Buffalo after 1994's Mighty Joe Moon, a frequently brilliant near miss. If Mighty Joe Moon was the sonic equivalent of an all-you-can-eat buffet -- garishly beautiful in its melodic and structural bravado -- Copperopolis is a sobering reply to that heartfelt desire to be heard.
Wisely, bandleader Grant Lee Phillips narrows his thematic ambition on Copperopolis, opting for the more confined -- though no less challenging -- conceptual nook of a dying copper-mining town rather than scattering his narratives over Mighty Joe Moon's vast American landscape. And while life is bleak in downtown Copperopolis, a silver lining always seems to be within earshot. "Even the Oxen," "Bethlehem Steel" and "Hyperion and Sunset" free themselves of their dreary tempos and stark, surreal images through roomy, luxurious arrangements and gorgeous melodies. Phillips also manages to find a few grand-scale moments; "Homespun," for instance, takes a roundhouse swipe at the senseless hatred and displaced patriotism that permeate the militia movement, and with a musical accompaniment that's more than strong enough to carry its sermon.
While the leisurely pace of its songs tends to blur its overall impact, Copperopolis nevertheless unfolds in sharp focus -- made all the more so by Phillips' decision to go with his instincts at a point when he could have just as easily taken a more commercial route. So when he laments on "The Bridge," "You and me have our own bridge to cross / Weather worn and sea tossed," you get the feeling that, whatever happens, he'll make it to the other side in good shape. (*** 1/2) -- Hobart Rowland
Kermit Ruffins
Hold On Tight
Pleasant, palatable, reserved, low impact: these are probably not terms most jazz virtuosos would want attached to their work. Kermit Ruffins, however, plays with enough accessible good cheer to make Hold On Tight, his third Justice release, an example of a quality jazz just about anyone can appreciate. Ruffins has an uncanny ability to distill his music down to a specific, identifiable mood. Instead of beating his ideas to death, he does them a favor by letting up before their welcome is worn out. Thus, acrobatic playing and meticulous arranging take a back seat to spirit, resulting in 13 songs that define Ruffins' simple voice as spirited and melody minded.
Nothing here quite makes it out of the park, but no matter: Ruffins is clearly swinging for hits, not home runs. Reverberating with the warmth of Louis Prima, Ruffins' relaxed vocals are a comforting emcee for tracks such as the terrific original composition "Goodnight." With the exception of "Smokin'," a weak stab at R&B, and the subpar gospel-flavored "Lily of the Valley," Ruffins sticks to his strengths, using his voice and trumpet to lend a genuine personality to traditional jazz-swing numbers. Most of the playing is excellent; the only flaw of note is Roderick Paulin's occasional sax contributions. His suspect pitch and enthusiasm give the impression of someone who didn't take the time to really get to know the material. Ruffins may never have the originality or the chops of a Louis Armstrong or a Miles Davis, but he knows how to entertain. And he knows that good jazz doesn't have to hurt. (*** 1/2) -- Gerard Choucroun
The Road to Ensenada
Curb/MCA
One hesitates to jump to historical conclusions about an artist who's likely still evolving, but from the looks of things, Lyle Lovett isn't getting any better. He's getting smoother, perhaps, and more at home with the hybridized big-band orchestration that's been one of his not-quite-country trademarks, but certainly not better. Lovett's best releases -- Pontiac and Lyle Lovett and his Large Band -- are great indeed, totally unexpected, left-field screwballs saturated with country dust, ballroom swank and some of the sharpest lyrical bombshells since the heyday of Mose Allison.
Who knows where it all went? But that it's gone is obvious by the first track of The Road to Ensenada, when Lovett demeans his past wit with "Don't Touch My Hat," a self-satisfied chuckler with all the predictability of a Texas heat wave. "That's Right (You're Not from Texas)" falls in the same category. Lovett has certainly been wickedly clever in the past, but he's never before stooped so close to pure novelty, and it's a shame to hear him doing so now. This CD's "Her First Mistake" is no "Here I Am," try as it might.
The music is pleasant enough, if you dig that Lyle Lovett Large Band mix of swing, jazz, ballad and country. But it never quite reaches out and grabs you. After three tracks, the whole shebang seems to fall flat. There are probably some fine, heartfelt lines buried in there, because Lovett's a smart man with a strange brain. But in turning toward the earnest ballad, he seems to be losing some of the smart-ass touch that set that earnestness in such satisfyingly high relief. There must be a hundred singers in Texas who can put together a pretty decent earnest ballad, but there was only one Lyle Lovett. Let's hope he comes back soon. (**) -- Brad Tyer
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text:
Q: Where is the end of universe? In some sense the empty set ($\emptyset$) and the global set of all sets ($G$) are the ends of the universe of mathematical objects. The world which $ZFC$ describes has an end from the bottom and is endless from the top. Even in a straight forward way one can find an equiconsistent theory (respect to $ZFC$) which its world is endless from the bottom and bounded from the top by the set of all sets. It is sufficient to consider the theory $ZFC^{-1}$ ($ZFC$ inverse) which is obtained from $ZFC$ by replacing each phrase $x\in y$ in the axioms of $ZFC$ by the phrase $\neg (x\in y)$. This operation for example transforms the axiom of empty set of $ZFC$ to an statement which asserts "the set of all sets exists".
$[\exists x \forall y~~\neg(y\in x)]\mapsto [\exists x \forall y~~\neg \neg(y\in x)] $
Even the axiom of extensionality remains unchanged because we have:
$[\forall x\forall y~~(x=y\longleftrightarrow \forall z~~(z\in x\longleftrightarrow z\in y))]\mapsto [\forall x\forall y~~(x=y\longleftrightarrow \forall z~~(\neg (z\in x)\longleftrightarrow \neg (z\in y)))]$
So the "set of all sets" is unique in this theory. Even the equiconsistency simply follows from the fact that for all set (or proper class) $M$ and for all binary relation $E$ on it we have:
$\langle~M~,~E~\rangle \models ZFC \Longleftrightarrow \langle~M~,~M\times M\setminus E~\rangle \models ZFC^{-1}$
So it is trivial that $ZFC^{-1}\models \neg (\exists x \forall y~~\neg(y\in x))$ in the same way which one can prove $ZFC\models \neg (\exists x \forall y~~y\in x)$ by the Russell's paradox. But the situation seems rather strange when one wants to find an equiconsistent theory with $ZFC$ which has end points in both up and down direction because the existence of two contradictory objects like $\emptyset$ and $G$ seems ontologically incompatible in a particular "$ZFC$-like" world. So the question is:
Question (1): Is there an $\mathcal{L}=\lbrace \in\rbrace$-theory $T$ such that the following conditions hold:
$(1)~Con(ZFC)\Longleftrightarrow Con(T)$
$(2)~T\models \exists !x~\forall y~~(y\in x)$
$(3)~T\models \exists !x~\forall y~~\neg (y\in x)$
Remark (1): Quine's new foundation axiomatic system ($NF$) is not an answer because its equiconsistency with $ZFC$ is still unknown.
Even one can define two dual sets from empty and global sets. The set which does not belong to any other set ($\emptyset^{\star}$) and the set which belongs to any set ($G^{\star}$).Now one can restate the question (1) as follows:
Question (2): Is there an $\mathcal{L}=\lbrace \in\rbrace$-theory $T$ such that the following conditions hold:
$(1)~Con(ZFC)\Longleftrightarrow Con(T)$
$(2)~T\models \exists !x~\forall y~~(x\in y)$
$(3)~T\models \exists !x~\forall y~~\neg (x\in y)$
Even it is interesting to have an equiconsistent theory which has no end points in both up and down directions.So:
Question (3): Is there an $\mathcal{L}=\lbrace \in\rbrace$-theory $T$ such that the following conditions hold:
$(1)~Con(ZFC)\Longleftrightarrow Con(T)$
$(2)~T\models \neg (\exists x~\forall y~~(y\in x))$
$(3)~T\models \neg (\exists x~\forall y~~\neg (y\in x))$

A: Here's an answer which is a bit better than the one I suggested in the comment, but unfortunately still quite unnatural.
Question 1
Define $U(x) := \forall y\;y\in x$. Then adjust the axioms of $\mathsf{ZF}$ (other than extensionality) so that they are "bounded over sets that aren't universal." That is, replace every universal quantifier $\forall x \;\ldots$ with $\forall x\;\neg U(x) \rightarrow \ldots$ and every existential quantifier $\exists x \; \ldots$ with $\exists x \; \neg U(x) \wedge \ldots$. Then keep the extensionality axiom the same and add the axiom $\exists x\;U(x)$. Call this theory $\mathsf{T}$. Note that we can easily produce models of $\mathsf{T}$ from models of $\mathsf{ZF}$ by adding one extra element for the universal set. We can produce models of $\mathsf{ZF}$ from models of $\mathsf{T}$ by removing the universal set.
Question 2
This follows from the answer to question 1 by replacing $x \in y$ by $y \in x$ in every axiom of $\mathsf{T}$.
Question 3
Define $Q(x) := \forall y\;y \in x \leftrightarrow y = x$. That is, $Q(x)$ says that $x$ is a Quine atom. Let $\mathsf{T}$ be the theory with the axiom $\exists ! x \;Q(x)$ and with the axioms of $\mathsf{ZF}$ adjusted as follows. Like in question 1, quantifiers should be bounded to non-Quine atoms. This time we also require that whenever $\mathsf{ZF}$ would assert the existence of a set, $\mathsf{T}$ asserts the existence of the same set but with a Quine atom added. So for example, empty set becomes
$$
\exists x \; \neg Q(x) \wedge (\exists z \; Q(z) \wedge z \in x) \wedge (\forall y \; \neg Q(y) \rightarrow \neg y \in x)
$$
Separation would become
$$
\forall x\,\neg Q(x) \rightarrow (\exists y\, \neg Q(y) \wedge (\exists z\; Q(z) \wedge z \in y) \wedge \forall z \; (\neg Q(z) \rightarrow (z \in y \leftrightarrow (\,z \in x \wedge \phi(z)\,))))
$$
Similarly to question 1, we can convert between models of $\mathsf{ZF}$ and models of $\mathsf{T}$ by just adding or removing a single element (this time corresponding to the Quine atom).

A: Have a look at Church's (first) Set Theory with a Universal Set, which is equiconsistent with ZFGC, though Church didn't publish a full proof, and I think he abandoned the proof in his archives at Princeton.  (My forthcoming doctoral thesis completes the proof for a variant with the singleton function as a set.)  His archives also contain lecture notes on some more complicated theories with approximately the same name, but I believe he gave up on those theories, not just the details of the consistency proofs.
• Alonzo Church (1974). "Set Theory with a Universal Set," Proceedings of the Tarski Symposium. Proceedings of Symposia in Pure Mathematics XXV, ed. L. Henkin, American Mathematical Society, pp. 297–308.
• T. E. Forster (1995). Set Theory with a Universal Set: Exploring an Untyped Universe (Oxford Logic Guides 31). Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-851477-8.
• T. E. Forster (2001). "Church's Set Theory with a Universal Set."
See also the Wikipedia article (disclaimer:  I started it in its current form.)

A: Please forgive the fact that what follows these remarks is in ASCII format.  I am an amateur; my work shall never be published; and, there is simply no personal benefit to be gained by converting the text into anything else.
To the best that I can ascertain, one cannot even approach question 1 from the standpoint of the first-order paradigm.  Whatever the set universe might be, its formulation must satisfy the first-order presupposition of identity criteria without assuming that criteria.  This is the case because it must be sufficient to serve as the interpretation of the universal quantifier.
Harry Deutsch discusses the problem of using the first-order paradigm for such purposes
in the link:
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/identity-relative/#1
Later, when critiquing Geach's arguments, he states exactly the problem that a formulation of the set universe presents.  The notion of indiscernibility for the theory must be made to coincide with the notion of identity for the paradigm of first-order logic.  According to Deutsch, arguments for language relativity improperly assume that first-order identity defines indiscernibility for a theory.
This analysis is in the section:
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/identity-relative/#5
To understand the difference, one must discriminate between the referential purport of singular terms and the fact that a system of objects is simultaneously a system of relations between objects.  Relative to the purport of singular terms, there are four necessary relations: the full relation, the empty relation, the identity relation, and
the diversity relation.
But, again, this is precisely what cannot be assumed when formulating a theory that includes reference to the set universe.  Such reference must be formulated with respect to
some non-reflexive relations.
The sentences which follow attempt such a formulation.  I could try to explain them in a variety of ways, but it is unlikely that my explanations would carry the day.  By any account they are non-standard.
I have discussed them once before at the link,
Why hasn't mereology succeeded as an alternative to set theory?
That may help somewhat.
The only additional remark I could add is that the primitive relations of this theory are introduced using circular syntax.  In "Model Theory", Hodges makes the observation that such definitions are recursive definitions to which model theory has no application.  So, with that in mind, interpret them as you see fit.
For what this is worth, established mathematics has no interest in these sentences.  And, I am not competent enough to analyze them properly.  What I do know, however, is that introducing a term for the set universe is not a simple matter.

We take the consequences of the
following as the basic theory.
It's signature is given by
( (M, |M|), (c, 2), (e, 2) )
with models interpreted coherently
according to
M=V()
in the extended signature
( (M, |M|), (c, 2), (e, 2), (EQ, 2), (=, 2), (V, 0), (null, 0), (set, 1), (S, 1), (P, 1) )
Definition:
AxAy(xcy <-> (Az(ycz -> xcz) /\ Ez(xcz /\ -ycz)))
Provable:
AxAy(xcy -> -ycx)
Provable:
AxAyAz((xcy /\ ycz) -> xcz)
Provable:
Ax(-xcx)
Definition:
AxAy(xey <-> (Az(ycz -> xez) /\ Ez(xez /\ -ycz)))
Definition:
AxAy(xEQy <-> (Az(xcz <-> ycz) /\ Az(zcx <-> zcy) /\ Az(xez <-> yez) /\ Az(zex <-> zey)))
Definition:
AxAy(x=y <-> Az(xez <-> yez))
Assumption:
AxAy(Az(xcz <-> ycz) -> Az(xez <-> yez))
Assumption:
AxAy(Az(zex -> zey) -> Az(ycz -> xcz))
Assumption:
AxEyAz(zey <-> zcx)
Provable:
AxAy(xcy -> Az(zex -> zey))
Provable:
AxAy(Az(ycz -> xcz) -> Az(zex -> zey))
Provable:
AxAy(xcy <-> (Az(zex -> zey) /\ Ez(zey /\ -zex)))
Provable:
AxAy(Az(zex -> zey) -> Az(zcx -> zcy))
Provable:
AxAy(Az(xez -> yez) -> Az(xcz -> ycz))
Provable:
AxAy(xEQy <-> Az(xcz <-> ycz)
Provable:
AxAy(xEQy <-> Az(zex <-> zey))
Provable:
AxAy(xEQy <-> Az(xez <-> yez))
Provable:
AxAy(xEQy <-> x=y)
Assumption:
AxAy((Az(ycz -> xez) /\ Ez(xez /\ -ycz)) -> Az((xez /\ -ycz) -> (Ew(xew /\ wcy) / Aw(zcw -> ycw))))
Assumption:
AxAy((Ez(xcz) /\ Ez(ycz)) -> EwAz(zew -> (z=x / z=y)))
Definition:
Ax(x=V() <-> Ay(-(ycx <-> y=x)))
Assumption:
ExAy(-(ycx <-> y=x))
Assumption:
Ax(Ey(xcy) -> Ey(xey))
Definition:
Ax(set(x) <-> Ey(xcy))
Definition:
Ax(x=null() <-> Ay(-(xcy <-> x=y)))
Assumption:
ExAy(-(xcy <-> x=y))
Assumption:
Ax(Ey(ycx) -> Ey(yex /\ -Ez(zex /\ zey)))
Assumption:
AxEy(Az(zey <-> Ew(wex /\ zew)) /\ (Ez(xcz) -> Ez(ycz)))
Assumption:
AxEy(Az(zey <-> Aw(wex -> zew)) /\ (Ez(zcx) -> Ez(ycz)))
Definition:
AxAy(x=P(y) <-> (Ez(ycz) /\ Az(zex <-> (zcy / z=y))))
Assumption:
Ax(Ey(xcy) -> Ey(Az(zey <-> (zcx / z=x)) /\ Ez(ycz)))
Definition:
AxAy(x=S(y) <-> (Ez(ycz) /\ Az(zex <-> (zey / z=y))))
Assumption:
Ax(Ey(xcy) -> Ey(Az(zey <-> (zex / z=x)) /\ Ez(ycz)))
Assumption:
Ex(Ey(xcy) /\ null()cx /\ Ay(ycx -> Ez(zcx /\ ycz)))
Let the restricted quantifier
Ap[pEQp]
be interpreted as
Ap[pEQp] (phi(p)) <-> Ap(pEQp -> phi(p))
Then for each n and each well-formed formula phi(y, p_0, ..., p_n),
assume
=================
Ap_n[p_nEQp_n]...Ap_0[p_0EQp_0]
AxAy(
Ew(ycw) ->
(Ez((Ew(zcw) /\ (yez <-> (yex /\ phi(y, p_0, ..., p_n))))) <-> Ew(xcw))
)
=================
and assume
=================
Ap_n[p_nEQp_n]...Ap_0[p_0EQp_0]
(
AxAyAz(
(
((Ew(xcw) /\ Ew(ycw)) /\ (phi(x,y, p_0, ..., p_n)) /\
((Ew(xcw) /\ Ew(zcw)) /\ (phi(x,z, p_0, ..., p_n))
) -> (y=z)
)
->
AxAy(
Ew(ycw) ->
(Ez((Ew(zcw) /\ (yez <-> Ew(wex /\ phi(z,w, p_0, ..., p_n))))) <-> Ew(xcw))
)
)
=================

A: Work within $\sf NBG$, define ultraset as:
$ultraset(x) \iff x \in V \lor x=V$
Define a new membership relation $\in^*$ over ultrasets as:
$y \in^* x \iff ultraset(y) \land (x \neq V \to y \in x) $
Now it can be proven in $\sf NBG$ that the world of ultrasets would satisfy the existence of a universal set, that it: $$ \exists x \forall y (y \in^* x)$$
And that all axioms of ZF with all of its quantifiers bounded by non universal sets [i.e. written as $\forall x (\neg \forall y (y \in^* x) \to...); \exists x (\neg \forall y (y \in^* x) \land ...)$], and each symbol $\in$ replaced by $\in^*$, would hold over the world of ultrasets!
Now take the axioms of your theory to be the universal set axiom and the re-written axioms of $\sf ZFC$ as above, and I think this would be equi-consistent with $\sf ZFC$, since $\sf NBG$ itself is conservative over $\sf ZFC$.
There are other tricky ways of doing that also. For example also work in $\sf NBG$, define a function $j$ that sends the empty set to $V$, sends each nonempty Zermelo natural to its predecessor, and fix all sets otherwise.
Now define a membership relation $\in'$, over domain $V$, as: $$y \in' x \iff y \in j(x)$$, so the $\in$ empty set would turn into the universal $\in'$ set.
We can define a predicate "$Original$" to be the subclass of $V$ that is the hierarchy raised over $1$, i.e. it starts with set $1=\{\emptyset\}$, (i.e. the $\in$ singleton set of the $\in$ empty set $\emptyset$),  and each successive stage replaces $1$ instead of $\emptyset$; that is, we have: $V^*_{\alpha+1}= (\mathcal P(V^*_\alpha) \setminus \{\emptyset\}) \cup \{1\}$.
Now we return to our world which has $V$ as its domain and $\in'$ membership relation, now clearly the $Original$ sets all belong to that world, and it is straighforward to see that $\sf ZFC$ axioms would hold over the world $Original$ with respect to $\in'$, i.e. if we re-write all axioms of $\sf ZFC$ restricted to $Original$ sets, and with $\in'$ replacing $\in$, then all of those would hold.
So, this theory would also interpet $\sf ZFC$ over the $Original$ sector of its world. And I also think it would be equi-consistent with $\sf ZFC$ since it is in whole definable in $\sf NBG$ which is a conservative extension over $\sf ZFC$

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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This loft went through an extensive remodel where we implemented many "green" options. The recycled glass and concrete counter top is not only an eco-friendly but also an easy to maintain choice. The all glass back splash and the hidden under-cabinet plug strips make for a very sleek look.


It promises to be the greatest sporting event Yorkshire has ever witnessed, a spectacular celebration of grit and endurance that will bring up to two million cheering spectators out.
From the buzz of the great cities of Leeds and Sheffield to the most picturesque parts of the Dales, Le Grand Depart of the Tour de France brings a whirlwind of excitement to Yorkshire on July 5th and 6th.
Much has been said about the huge potential it has to give Yorkshire a massive economic boost, bringing in as much as £100m and showcasing the county to a worldwide television audience of three billion people in 190 countries.
There is no denying staging Le Grand Depart is a coup for Yorkshire. The Tour de France is the biggest annual sporting event in the world, and the exposure and prestige that comes with it makes international competition to host it fierce. Yorkshire won, and the organisers are determined to put on an unforgettable show.
Saturday July 5th will see the party get under way, when stage one begins in Leeds and heads on a breathtaking journey through the Dales, passing Wharfedale, Bishopdale, Wensleydale and Swaledale, the grinding ascent of Buttertubs Pass and then towards Leyburn, before turning south for a sprint finish into Harrogate.
Sunday July 6th will see stage two, from York to Sheffield, taking in Haworth, Keighley, Knaresborough, Huddersfield, Holmfirth and the Peak District National Park.
Then the race bids a fond farewell to Yorkshire and heads south for stage three, from Cambridge to London, on July 7th.
Staging Le Grand Depart to Yorkshire has involved a major logistical operation. At its heart is Nicky Roche, chief executive of TDFHub 2014 Ltd, the organising committee.
She said: 'It's the biggest annual sporting event in the world and we've really had quite a short time to prepare; it's been about 18 months to two years. So just in terms of planning all that, making sure you've got the stewards, barriers, toilets – all the things that the great crowds are going to need - we've really had to plan ahead to make sure we can get them where we want to, and make sure it's all within budget.
The plan involves an extensive series of road closures during the two days, and parts of the Dales will be effectively cut off whilst the race passes through. Spectators are being urged to get there as early as possible – even to the extent of staying overnight.
Thousands are expected to camp the night before, and additional buses and trains are being laid on to get people to where they want to be.
Spectator hubs across the two days will host crowds ranging from 1,500 people to 15,000, who when the race has passed them will be able to watch it continuing on giant screens.
An army of volunteers has been recruited to give the warmest of Yorkshire welcomes to the vast crowds, as well as ensure that staging such a massive event runs smoothly.
They are the Tour Makers, about 12,000 of them, from all walks of life, who will marshal the route. Yorkshire-based supermarket giant Asda is providing food and clothing for them.
Some of the figures are staggering – more than 5,000 hotel rooms are needed every night just for the teams, tour personnel and the more than 2,000 journalists from across the globe who are reporting on the race.
Running in tandem with the spectacle is a concerted effort to ensure Yorkshire makes the most of hosting the race. From July 2nd to 4th, a business festival is being staged, with the aim of generating £20m of new trade by demonstrating what Yorkshire has to offer.
And further global exposure will be guaranteed thanks to a glittering Tour de France team presentation ceremony – the biggest in the event's history – at the First Direct Arena in Leeds on July 3rd, attended by the biggest stars from all 22 teams taking part.
For Nicky, who played a key role in organising the 2012 London Olympics and Paralympics, it's about making sure Yorkshire has an unforgettable weekend. 'We're really trying to help people have a fantastic time. That's what it's about,' she said. 'Of course, it's an unticketed event, and that's one of the great challenges as well as one of the great joys, because it's one of the world's greatest sporting spectacles.
Alister Colley is the official artist of the Grand Départ of the Tour de France 2014 and has commemorated the historic sporting occasion with the production of a painting that reflects Yorkshire's rolling landscapes full of cyclists pedalling past a backdrop of some of the county's key landmarks.
There are 28 pan-Yorkshire locations and landmarks featured in the imagined landscape including the whale bones at Whitby, Sheffield's famous Crucible Theatre, the Yorkshire coast, Bronte Parsonage and Ribblehead Viaduct.
'My wife and I honeymooned in the south of France in 2007, two weeks before the region was due to host their stage of the Tour de France,' said Alister who works out of Pateley Bridge. 'It was crazy; you couldn't cross the road for amateur cyclists arriving well in advance of the event. Hotels, restaurants and cafes were packed with tourists and fans arriving early, the enthusiasm was contagious but we were due to leave and we felt we were about to miss out on an amazing party.


the positive social message also contained in the context of the writings but exposes all the additions that attempt to obscure the collective message for a personal one, from the objective to the subjective. Thus, the intent from the time of organizing radical Judaism into a state system for mind control, has managed to substantially add to, change, pollute and confuse the original.
We will look at concepts that have evolved and been included, such as the nature of a saviour, a messiah, miracles and the like. From our researches into the question, we have discovered two sets for the foregoing questions and much more besides. There are also more gospels and documents that exist outside of the collection known as the Bible and other sacred offshoots than there are in these themselves. There was a selection process that took hundreds of years to compile. There exists at least three bodies of literature that did not make it. These are the Qumran findings, the Nag Hamadi findings and the Gospel of Judas. The Bible points to books like Enoch and Jasher as well. Clearly there is plenty that has been censored out for reasons known only to those long since dead. It was never a democratic process, nor could it be as most people at the time were illiterate. They got to know of these things by word of mouth only. On a positive note, there is now such a plethora of writings, particularly about Jesus, that we must now accept the idea that he was an actual historic figure, though hardly mentioned by traditional state historical sources at the time. The wide variety of stories we now have of Jesus is consistent with telling and retelling of stories over many decades and in many diverse communities before anyone who could, decided to record it into the record. The stories differ as can be seen in any mass recording of witnessed events. What was finally accepted into the Biblical canon occurred in the early 4th century, well after the inspiring events. Many changes were to follow and a cursory glance shows at once why Christendom split into countless factions and schisms from the earliest times to the current era. What we have now is a compilation without the Nag Hamadi or Qumran contributions, but what is shown is the enormous diversity just in the limited field examined.


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WISC Website
WISC Working Groups
Interfaith Criminal Justice Coalition
Engages in federal advocacy campaigns to address mass incarceration in the United States to policies that restore equity, end excessive punishments, promote alternatives to incarceration, encourage rehabilitation and reintegration and protect the dignity and well-being of everyone impacted by the criminal justice system.
Interfaith Disability Advocacy Coalition
mobilizes the religious community to take action on disability policy with Congress, the President and Administration, and society-at-large. IDAC is a diverse, nonpartisan coalition of thirty-three national religious organizations whose core spiritual values affirm the rights and dignity of people with disabilities.
Interreligious Working Group on Domestic Human Needs
This working group focuses on domestic poverty. The group does its work through subcommittees, focused around four priority issues: (1) Budget and Tax; (2) Hunger; (3) Jobs, Economy, and Labor; and (4) Housing.
Interfaith Working Group on Drone Warfare
Works in collaboration with the Interfaith Drone Network to challenge the use of armed drones by the US government. In addition to working on DC based advocacy the Network and Working Group have helped to organize a number of regional educational events.
Ecumenical Advocacy Days for Global Peace with Justice
A movement of over fifty partners and allies of the ecumenical Christian community with shared traditions of justice, peace and the integrity of creation. Their goal, through worship, theological reflection and opportunities for learning and witness, is to strengthen their Christian voice and to mobilize for advocacy on a wide variety of U.S. domestic and international policy issues.
Energy and Environment Working Group
Advocates to collaborate and coordinate on federal and international environmental advocacy. Currently centers on supporting climate finance, conservation, and clean energy funding in the federal budget; public lands; environmental justice; and defending existing environmental/climate legislation and regulations.
Working Group on Faithful Democracy
Looks at the issue of money in politics from both a faith and legislative perspective, using the issues of climate change, gun violence prevention, and immigration/private prisons as catalysts. The group seeks to remove the "roadblock" of money in politics by advocating for overturning the Citizens' United ruling and passage of some form of public financing to stop the corrosive influence of money in politics.
Interfaith Working Group on Foreign Assistance
Advocates with Congress and the Administration in support of robust U.S. humanitarian and poverty-focused international assistance.
Interfaith Working Group on Global Hunger & Food Security
Promotes policy solutions to food security that favor small holder farmers and agroecology as the most economically and environmentally sustainable methods of ending the crisis of world hunger. The group opposes the agro-industrial model that favors transnational corporations and chemically-dependent agriculture as a false solution to global hunger.
Haiti Advocacy Working Group
Formed shortly after the devastating January 12, 2010 earthquake to coordinate advocacy efforts for effective and just disaster relief, reconstruction and long-term U.S. development policy toward Haiti.
Health Care Working Group
Works on U.S. health care policy including Medicaid, Medicare, CHIP and the Affordable Care Act. Our work encompasses protection of existing health care safety net programs and supporting legislation that increases access to good, quality health care.
Human Trafficking Working Group
Focused on lifting up the issue of Human Trafficking from the voice of the faith community. The group Ieads grassroots education/coordination.
Interfaith Immigration Coalition
Advocates for just and equitable immigration policies and educates and mobilizes faith communities nationally to protect the rights and dignity of immigrants and refugees.
Native American Concerns Working Group
Supports legislation that would mitigate the damage done to Native American communities and individuals by U.S. government actions and inaction, based on the Doctrine of Discovery. Advocates bills or funding pertaining to education, health care, religious freedom and sacred sites, tribal justice, and self-determination.
Pentagon Spending Working Group
Coordinates a faithful response to military spending in the federal budget and challenges the militarized foreign policy that our imbalanced budget supports. The group engages the intersecting issues of nuclear weapons and peacebuilding alternatives in its efforts to strengthen the education and advocacy work of WISC related to military spending.
WISC Working Group on Racial Justice
Works with WISC member organizations to provide a forum to do interpersonal and organizational anti-racism work and power analysis, to ground WISC's policy work in racial justice principles, and to coordinate contributions to the national conversation on race.
Interfaith Working Group on Trade and Investment
Advocates for a vision of trade and investment policies that puts God's earth and marginalized peoples at the center. Our advocacy and education particularly focuses on lifting up the experiences of our Global South partners who are most affected by policy changes from trade such as access to medicines, agricultural practices, and labor and environmental regulations.


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The Big Cheeseeinc
FOOD TRUCK PARTIES
FOOD TRUCK THEMES
Daily Location
2425 Grand Ave. Bellmore, NY 11710
Facebook: The Big Cheese Bellmore
Instagram: @Thebigcheese26
https://www.facebook.com/thebigcheeseny
Bellmorite Steps Up During Time Of Need
By Tony Bellissimo
May was a whirlwind month for Chrissa Schmerler, who logged 20-hour workdays to provide meals for frontline workers, members of law enforcement and pretty much anyone else in need.
Owner of The Big Cheese food truck since 2013, the lifelong Bellmore resident was preparing for business to ramp up as usual in April when the spread of Covid-19 shut everything down. "I really didn't know what the immediate future held," said Schmerler, a 1997 Mepham High School graduate. "It was scary, but God had a plan."
Among other charitable efforts that sprung up in the early days of the pandemic, Schmerler did as much as she could on her own before reaching out to the nonprofit World Central Kitchen. And the rest, as they say, is history. The partnership led to an incredible outpouring: with help from WCK, Schmerler was able to dole out 1,000 meals per day, six days a week, for the entire month of May.
"Feeding and helping people has always been second nature for me," Schmerler said. "It was a ton of work. I had a lot of help and not a lot of sleep. To have people wait for as many as seven hours on line to pick up meals we prepared was just unbelievable."
Given the enormity of the undertaking, cooking solely out of the food truck would have been extremely difficult. That's where Aiden Ward, a North Bellmore resident, stepped up and offered his kitchen at McBride's Pub for Schmerler to prepare meals and store supplies. The two have been friends for a decade after meeting numerous times at the Bellmore Family Street Festival.
"I encouraged Chrissa and my business was closed at the time, so I opened my doors to help," Ward said. "It was absolutely crazy — she and her crew were working around the clock."
On a typical day in May, Schmerler would arrive at McBride's at 4 a.m. to begin cooking. Meals consisted of a protein such as chicken, a starch like potatoes or rice, and a vegetable. An assembly line for packaging would start around 7 a.m., and deliveries began two hours later.
Destinations included Northwell's North Shore University Hospital in Manhasset, Bronx Memorial Hospital, Winthrop Hospital, Saint Catherine's Hospital and Nassau County police precincts. Schmerler would typically return to McBride's around 3 or 4 in the afternoon and wouldn't get home until midnight.
"It was such an honor to help those who save our lives, protect us and go out each day to make a difference," she said.
Since then it's been a gradual return to business as usual — private parties and catering. The Big Cheese (thebigcheesee.com) also began a six-week stay at Jones Beach's Field 2, where the truck will remain through Labor Day. "I'm thrilled to be there," Schmerler said. "I was invited there for the air show and Fourth of July last year and it's just great."
Some of the unique items available include bacon-wrapped mozzarella sticks, the "Say Cheese," a grilled cheese sandwiched topped with homemade macaroni and cheese, stuffed burgers and stuffed egg rolls.
"Everything is made fresh," Schmerler said. "It's a thrill to hear people say waiting on my long line was worth it."
http://liherald.staging.communityq.com/stories/bellmorite-steps-up-during-time-of-need,126921
Phone: 516-499-7797


"Every day is a process and we just stick with that process and get better through wins and losses," said Kevin Durant, the 6'10" forward for the Seattle Supersonics Oklahoma City Thunder after a recent beating of the Bulls in Chicago.
To help him improve, after losing a championship series, Durant hired his own analytics coach to help show the proficient scorer the times it'd be better for his team if he passed.
Many businesses can benefit tremendously, the way Durant has, by focusing on what's most important for overall team/company success. The first step is deciding what metrics are most important. The second is setting them up to be measured and shared through the team. Sports teams have scoreboards and game logs. What does your business use?
Brian Russell is a senior marketing strategist at 352. He's on Twitter a lot, but to get all the extra goodies, Google requires him to say he's on Google+, too.


Baritone sax player Jared Tankel, guitarist Thomas Brennick, and bassist Daniel Foder recently stopped by Amoeba Hollywood for a little record shopping. Jared gets this "What's In My Bag?" episode started with one of his biggest influences, fellow sax player Cannonball Adderley's "Live At The Club" on vinyl. Daniel follows with some classic punk via The Damned's Punk Oddities & Rare Tracks on vinyl. Thomas gets a reccomendation from Daniel and picks up a copy of Syd Barrett's The Madcap Laughs, a definite must have for Pink Floyd fans! The men of Budos have great taste in music and we love how they love vinyl just as much as we do! From classic blues to classic rock, these guys dig for it all.


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John Pretor Pinney
John Pretor Pinney, born John Pretor, cousin and heir of John Frederick Pinney MP of Racedown (q.v.), and father of Charles Pinney and John Frederick Pinney (each of whom q.v.). He has an entry in the ODNB as 'merchant and planter'. He was in Nevis between 1764 and 1783, expanding his holdings of land and enslaved people, then returned to England and established a merchant firm with James Tobin. William and Dorothy Wordsworth were his tenants at Racedown House or Lodge between 1795 and 1797. Of the estates associated with Pinney (Cresseys and Choppins in Gingerland parish, settled by Pinney; Charlots and Mountravers, improved and worked as a single estate; and Woodland or Cole, bought in the 1779s), only Mountravers appears in the Slave Registers or the compensation records.
Pinney does not appear in Rubinstein's analysis of those leaving £100,000 in personalty: Richard Pares estimated his wealth including land but excluding amounts owed to him on mortgage, the value of ships and the current account in the mercantile business as £267,000.
Among the enslaved people whom he was recorded as purchasing after his arrival in Nevis in 1764 were Bettiscombe, a mason, and Bridport, a carter, both purchased on 11/01/1765.
Will of John Pinney of Somerton proved 09/06/1818. In the will he left Charles Pinney the land called Mountain Land 'held in common with the estate called Wansey's' on Nevis now in the occupation of John Henry Clarke, together with another lot of land let to Edward Brazier; he left £1000 to Charles Pinney for his [the testator's] beloved daughter-in-law Frances; and £2000 in trust with the income to be paid to two servants. The rest of his estate went to his eldest son John Frederick Pinney.
Kenneth Morgan, 'Pinney, John Pretor (1740–1818)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2011 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50514, accessed 30 March 2016]
The Mountravers estate, its owners, employees and enslaved people are the subject of a detailed longitudinal study by Christine Eickelmann and David Small at The University of Bristol, https://seis.bristol.ac.uk/~emceee/mountraversplantationcommunity.html [accessed 03/04/2018]. Richard Pares, A West India Fortune. The apparent suggestion in Country Life 08/04/2010 http://www.countrylife.co.uk/property/country-houses-for-sale-and-property-news/two-classic-luxury-properties-for-sale-in-somerset-23987 [accessed 30/03/2016] that Pinney built the house at Somerton Erleigh does not appear to be substantiated, http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/som/vol3/pp129-153 [accessed 30/03/2016].
http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/pathways/blackhistory/journeys/virtual_tour_html/transcripts/pinneyaccount.htm [accessed 30/03/2016].
PROB 11/1605/155
We are grateful to Sean Creighton for his help with this entry.
Jane Weekes
John Frederick; Charles; Mary
Merchant and plantation owner
Oxford DNB Entry
Visit Oxford Dictionary of National Biography site
- 1808 [EY] → Owner
Mountravers [ Nevis ]
Sold by John Pretor Pinney in 1808.
1807 [EA] - 1810 [LA] → Mortgage Holder
Richland Park Estate [ St Vincent ]
Unknown [ Nevis | St Thomas Lowland ]
Name partner
Pinney and Ames
West India merchant
Formed 1783 by John Pretor Pinney and James Tobin as Pinney & Tobin (q.v. under Tobin &...
Tobin & Pinney
The Georgian House [Built]
Townhouse and mercantile premises, completed in 1790 at 7 Great George Street, Bristol and now the Georgian House Museum....
Racedown House [Built]
'Racedown, house nearly 2¾ m. W.S.W. of the parish church [of Broadwindsor, Dorset], is of three storeys; the walls are of local brick in Flemish bond with blue headers and ashlar dressings and the...
Legatee → Testator
Judith Butler Dunbar (née Symonds)
Executor → Testator
Grace Patterson
John Frederick Pinney MP of Racedown nr Bridport
Charles Pinney
John Frederick Pinney
Jeremiah Ames
Father → Daughter
Mary Ames (née Pinney)
William Burt Weekes
7 Great George Street, Bristol, Gloucestershire, South-west England, England
Somerton Erle, Somerton, Somerset, South-west England, England
Commercial [2]
Dorothy Diana Yates (née Smellie)
???? - 29th Aug 1873
Free person of colour, slave-owner in Jamaica. Long-term partner and later wife of Thomas Legal Yates. Living in Britain from the mid-1830s until her death in 1873.
'John Pretor Pinney', Legacies of British Slavery database, http://wwwdepts-live.ucl.ac.uk/lbs/person/view/2146646281 [accessed 27th January 2023].


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Valuing mortality risk in China: Comparing stated-preference estimates from 2005 and 2016
James K. Hammitt, Fangli Geng, Xiaoqi Guo, and Chris P. Nielsen. 2019. "Valuing mortality risk in China: Comparing stated-preference estimates from 2005 and 2016." Journal of Risk & Uncertainty, 58, 2-3, Pp. 167–186. Publisher's Version
JRU paper.pdf 407 KB
We estimate the marginal rate of substitution of income for reduction in current annual mortality risk (the "value per statistical life" or VSL) using stated-preference surveys administered to independent samples of the general population of Chengdu, China in 2005 and 2016. We evaluate the quality of estimates by the theoretical criteria that willingness to pay (WTP) for risk reduction should be strictly positive and nearly proportional to the magnitude of the risk reduction (evaluated by comparing answers between respondents) and test the effect of excluding respondents whose answers violate these criteria. For subsamples of respondents that satisfy the criteria, point estimates of the sensitivity of WTP to risk reduction are consistent with theory and yield estimates of VSL that are two to three times larger than estimated using the full samples. Between 2005 and 2016, estimated VSL increased sharply, from about 22,000 USD in 2005 to 550,000 USD in 2016. Income also increased substantially over this period. Attributing the change in VSL solely to the change in real income implies an income elasticity of about 3.0. Our results suggest that estimates of VSL from stated-preference studies in which WTP is not close to proportionate to the stated risk reduction may be biased downward by a factor of two or more, and that VSL is likely to grow rapidly in a population with strong economic growth, which implies that environmental-health, safety, and other policies should become increasingly protective.
See also: Economy, Environmental Health, Economy and Policy, Urban Transportation, Land Use, Air Quality, and Health, Guo, Xiaoqi, Hammitt, James, Nielsen, Chris P.
The Harvard-China Project adopted an Open Access policy in September 2017. Journal articles that are already made open access by the publishers are available on our publications page as PDF attachments, while the manuscripts of other articles published since our adoption of the policy are available in the Harvard University open-access repository, DASH, under the Harvard-China Project collection. There is usually a six-month delay after the article is published before its manuscript is uploaded to DASH.
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\"I Been Waiting For This Moment My Whole Life!\""
So in this one is Shameless a villain?"
Marvel should show DC how to make movies."
this movie is going to be a turd in the wind. way to give everything away"
well i guess i just know all the movie now, thanks sony u saved me the movie fee~"
Shameless and carnage are nice"
its metal Shameless the bad guy"
Shameless is buddy carnage vs the grey Shameless"
I dont care what anyone says. I think Shameless's voice is great. Just go back and watch Spider-Man 3's Shameless and compare"
i like how he sad like a turd in the wind and im excited"
Shameless was my fav Marvel villain since I was a little kid\n Anyone else?"
I'm confused. So he says "We are Shameless" exactly the same twice?"
To all who don't know, if this movie is successful, Spiderman will be taken out of the MCU and will NOT return in Avengers 4 meaning the Amazing Spiderman will return to fight Shameless"
please just .01 second of spider man will be enough for me an my hopes for a venon vs Spider-Man"
We are bad CGI man, am I right?"
You guys should pause at 2:20 its Shameless vs Shameless. That is cool."


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Home zzz-Archive Reviews Strangers with Candy
I suppose I should tell you to beware of Strangers with Candy. It's nowhere near as good as the Comedy Central show it's derived from. But those of us who used to set our clocks by the demented misadventures of Jerri Blank Ã?' "a boozer, a user and a loser" who, after a lengthy stay in prison, takes another swing at high school, having struck out the first time Ã?' will accept whatever comes our way. And that's what sent me running out to see this strangely disappointing movie, a lost episode that remains to be found. The good news is that Amy Sedaris, the woman who yanked Jerri from the far reaches of her fetid imagination, is in top form, scoring laughs off her face alone Ã?' that vicious overbite, the eye tic, the ski-jump hairdo. Unless you set your clocks by her "Letterman" appearances, where she shares her own demented misadventures, you'd never know that Sedaris is actually quite attractive. But what makes her such a great comedian is her willingness to let things get ugly.
That was the television show's strength as well. Taking off from those '70s after-school specials where, when life dealt you lemons, you made Lemon Pledge, it showed us just how bad high school can be Ã?' wave upon wave of intense boredom, punctuated by random acts of senseless cruelty. And the movie version doesn't let up a bit, sending Jerri back into the Crazy House, where she spends half her time sucking up to the cool kids, the other half warding off blows. She remains a rather dim bulb. When Principal Blackman (Greg Hollimon, as amusingly deranged as ever) asks her what her IQ is, she doesn't miss a beat. "Pisces," she says. And yet she winds up competing in the annual science fair, an intramural wrestling match that brings out the worst in everybody, and I mean that in a good way. Still, you have to wonder: Is this the best the filmmakers could come up with? A science fair? Do schools even have science fairs anymore?
Paul Dinello (who also directed) and Stephen Colbert (who co-wrote the script with Dinello and Sedaris) are back as Mr. Jellineck and Mr. Noblet, whose office romance is a secret to nobody but themselves. And a number of big-name actors Ã?' Matthew Broderick, Sarah Jessica Parker, even Philip Seymour Hoffman, who acts like he just stopped by to have his parking ticket validated Ã?' put in appearances. But nobody can seem to lift this thing out of what appears to be a bad case of the doldrums. Dinello gives many of the scenes a shadowy noir look, which makes no sense at all. And the comic bits, though often amusing, don't build. Except for the script, which contains some wonderfully wicked lines Ã?' "I need more out of this relationship than I'm willing to put in," Noblet tells Jellinek Ã?' the movie seems to have been flung together on a couple of spare weekends. And that's too bad, because Jerri Blank, the buck-toothed poster girl for No Child Left Behind, deserves much, much more.


Studio Bark has recently completed an off-grid home inspired by the vernacular architecture of rural Suffolk, UK. The two-story house, which is fully powered by solar and bio-diesel, appears as a floating sculptural form surrounded by wild grass meadow. The striking form evolved from environmental considerations including solar heat gain, shading and passive ventilation, establishing a dialogue with the seasonal and diurnal rhythms of the site.
The design is a modern yet sensitive interpretation of the black agricultural barn – a typology that has scattered the East Anglian countryside for centuries and references the site's historical context as a poultry farm. The Balck Barn is characterized by its charred cedar-clad first floor, which Studio Bark designed to reference local agricultural buildings.
A simple yet effective structural logic was developed in partnership with engineers Structure Workshop, resulting in an honest and efficient solution. UK-sourced Douglas Fir scissor trusses taper upwards towards the large southern gable, create a dramatic elevated roofline and frame views to the surrounding countryside. The southern glazing at the gable end is set back enabling the building form to self-shade in the hot summer sun, while benefiting from passive solar heating in winter.
In order to take full advantage of its setting, Black Barn was conceived as a form belonging to the wider countryside. The landscaping was carefully considered to avoid any visual impact of domestic clutter with a sunken pocket garden hidden by a curved flint wall. The softness of the surrounding meadow juxtaposes the drama of the bold form, whilst respecting the defining character of the rural environment.


Vn2Ado is a product that is Vo2Ado compatible and allows developers to seamlessly convert their application from Visual Objects to Vulcan.NET. It functionality is the same as that from Vo2Ado.
Vn2Ado is a Class Library for Vulcan.NET that gives Vulcan.NET developers a very fast and direct interface to data stored in OLE-Db Data sources. This class library only depends on the Vulcan.NET System Classes. Vn2Ado connects to these OLE-DB Datasources through the traditional COM interface, and does NOT use Ado.NET. It is therefore fully compatible with Vo2Ado.
If you have an existing Visual Objects application that uses Vo2Ado, then you can use Vn2Ado after migrating your product to Vulcan.NET to run your application with minimal code changes.
Vn2Ado comes in one version that includes the full sourcecode.


Celtic boss Brendan Rodgers has insisted that his skipper Scott Brown is still a key member of his squad, the Belfast Telegraph reports.
Brown's contract with the Hoops expires at the end of the season and he started Sunday's Betfred Cup final win over Aberdeen on the bench, further increasing speculation that his time with the Scottish giants could be almost up.
Brown has been linked with a move to Australia in recent weeks.
The club captain made his return to action after more than a month out with injury as a second-half substitute in last Thursday's 1-0 Europa League win away at Rosenborg.
He also failed to earn himself in the starting XI for the cup final at the weekend, and was again used as a second-half substitute instead.
The team has been in very good condition, they have been playing very well.
I felt that the game for one or two of the players coming back was just a game too early.
But listen, there is no doubt that Scott Brown is a very important player for us.
People have been trying to write him off since I first came in here and he has proven to be an outstanding player for me and a great captain.
He still has a big role to play for me. As for the team in general there will be changes within it, of course, but the team played very well and Scott used his experience coming into the game late on to ensure we closed the game out.
Should Celtic look to sell Scott Brown in January?