text:
MEME: Sony engineering better than everyone else *cleanup*
Discussion in 'Graphics and Semiconductor Industry' started by w0lfram, Jan 28, 2019.
w0lfram
Silent_Buddha said: ↑
Which...
And since there's no actual attributable quote there's no way to know if the "source" was just generalizing all console efforts into a pool and the article writer then assuming it means Sony/PS.
Considering no other industry source has collaborated what Forbes has said...
It's far more likely that the shift in resources was a response to ALL contracted console manufacturer's wanting custom parts and not just Sony.
Especially if you consider that at the time this all supposedly happened, Microsoft was by far AMDs largest customer for custom console graphics. They were a proven partner with a proven track record and had just basically matched Sony console for console.
In other words, past history said that Microsoft was a better bet for profitability for AMD than Sony.
Either way, had ANY other reputable tech. sites corroborated with their sources what Forbes wrote, then it'd at least have a tiny bit of credibility that Sony was commanding that amount of RTG resources at the expense of other AMD partners.
But there isn't. So people are left grasping at straws...no wait...grasping at one straw to justify Sony being the prime beneficiary of that much of RTGs engineering resources. When it's far more plausible that that amount of engineering resources was in fact reallocated to all custom console requests (Sony, MS, and whoever else wants custom SOCs).
No-one disputes that Sony have asked for and gotten customizations that are specific to their implementation. But so has Microsoft and presumably any other semi-custom partners that they have.
Your entire post goes against AMD's business philosophy!
AMD is moving to their business model to providing solutions to their customers using their own patented chiplet design & (heterogenous design). (See China/SONY/MS/etc..) Dr Su said herself about working closely with their customers and at some length (integrated) to be able to provide them with a custom design suiting their exact needs/wants/goals.
3dilettante said: ↑
{snip}
What is "re-taping"?
sigh*
Navi had an issue & had to be "re-taped" out. Yes that deep of an issue, but easily remedied as someone has been told. (Navi will be an Aug product, instead of April.)
The *thread spawn* comes from Me asking "What if... NAVI got additional updates learned from working with the likes of SONY/MS/etc, and snuck a few of those "updates" into the newly taped out uArch.
It (thread spawn) was a very simple question, yet people unfolded and went on different tangent.
#41 w0lfram, Jan 30, 2019
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BRiT (╯°□°)╯
Moderator Legend Alpha Subscriber
w0lfram said: ↑
You entirely misunderstood that post and the concept of what AMD customizations provides.
Think of it more like a Burger King. Yes, you can customize your order your way, but there is no way to have them come up with a Steak and Lobster dinner. They simply don't have those as ingredients.
#42 BRiT, Jan 31, 2019
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3dilettante
Legend Alpha
Well within 3d
Tapeout is a late step in bringing a design to manufacture, where the masks are being developed from a database that has gone all the way through the design process and pre-production validation. That's after the chip is ideally as final as the designers can manage. In a lucky scenario, that initial revision is good enough to go after the first chips come back and are validated.
If there are issues after tapeout, those are generally from the initial production samples. Tweaks and subsequent passage of test wafers are called respins.
The changes at that point are intended to be minimal, since a significant investment in resources and time went into verifying the chip in its taped-out form, and the more alterations go from the later metal layers to the fundamental transistor layer can mean more weeks/months of time needed start mass production.
Adding design features like semi-custom architectural changes threatens to throw out substantial portions of the base design and negating much of the engineering and verification on silicon that no longer corresponds to what was engineered and tested for months or potentially years.
In this scenario, perhaps it could be argued that the uArch is dead, and to be replaced by another one. Perhaps if this new uArch was already in progress and could be used to replace the rejected one, there would be a lesser delay. Just deciding at the point of tapeout is being a few months from ramping and setting the clock back to an intermediate point in a 3-4 year process.
I'm not sure what would be compelling enough to go that far back on a design that didn't have a serious need to be reset further back than tapeout or just replaced for other reasons.
#43 3dilettante, Jan 31, 2019
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Yes, that is why I mentioned "respin".
And nothing you have suggested, refutes what is now widely reported, or to what I have said. The scenario I suggested, didn't hint at Navi being dead/broken, etc... as you've suggested. It was delayed by 4 months until they can hand out samples from the respin (after the re-taping).
Given that^ tidbit/fact..
I had asked; What if.. AMD reworked other aspects of Navi's uArch (for this new re-spin), perhaps simple lessons learned from their closer collaboration with SONY (Microsoft/China/etc)...?
It was a simply question really...
Additionally, when asked about Navi's progress (delay?), Dr Su said mentioned that AMD was happy where Navi was, with a few small issues along the way, but are choosing to do the "right thing" (unlike Polaris being rushed) so Navi is more complete for the consumer, or some such nonesense. She also mentioned in some fashion that AMD is excited to where Navi is technically and mention they were able to incorporate more into their design, than had been slated. It somehow ties into their leapfrogging philosophy of teams.
I did stay at a Holiday Inn last night..
As I said, a respin is intended to have as small an impact as can be managed. It's about fixing minor faults or functional errors in existing units, not adding them or changing their design. The design and verification of the units already in the chip is essentually final by that point, and taking features or elements from a different design will discard the time invested in the prior version.
And nothing you have suggested, refutes what is now widely reported, or to what I have said. The scenario I suggested, didn't hint at Navi being dead/broken, etc... as you've suggested.
Then there's significant pressure to not do what you are saying. Chips are almost set in stone a long time before final production. If the design doesn't have a serious problem requiring a significant reset, it's expensive and high-risk to do it for some marginal gain.
It was delayed by 4 months until they can hand out samples from the respin (after the re-taping).
That's in-line with a new stepping with some bug fixes, since the fab pipeline has up to several months of turnaround time and then weeks of physical testing. That doesn't leave time for new functionality or design changes to be inserted, and there is significant risk with unverified alterations being put in at the time where errors take the most time and money to fix.
That would imply a new design already nearing completion, not restarting a number of steps earlier in the design process of an implementation. The time frame given doesn't give time to change the design or to go through the months of internal simulation and testing that led up to the first tape-out. Transplanting an element implemented in a Sony or Microsoft product into an architecture that didn't include it requires redoing a lot of work, and the 4 months for a respin happen after that work is done again.
The process from specification to design to silicon is multiple years. Changing design rolls something like the later third of the process back.
An example of GCN-based hardware is the PS4, which its lead designer said took 2 years to spec, 2 years to create custom designs, and 2 years to build the platform around it.
Taking some years off because of the larger scope of a total SOC and platform, the work going into the chip could take around 4 years, and would have been substantially locked-in perhaps 2 years prior to release.
That can readily allow for there being many months to over a year of work expended after the design featureset had been decided on, so design changes can revert things quite far in time.
If there's something to be added, it doesn't follow what would be so pressing as to risk delaying a product for much longer than a respin rather than put out the current chip and have the next GPU include the features--assuming there are really game-changing features the console makers would not want exclusive to their chips.
https://www.digitaltrends.com/gaming/meet-the-guy-who-engineered-the-playstation-4/
We had six years to make the hardware, and it only takes about four years to do the actual engineering, so we had two years to figure out what we wanted to make the PlayStation 4.
The process of creating the hardware is about four years. Two years into that it's locked enough that you can start talking about all this other stuff that's going to surround it.
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Again, I think everyone here understand that.
I had asked, that (If so), and they were going back to re-tape Navi (no how matter how small or insignificant that would ental), that with leapfrogging teams and having updated (revisions) already stacking behind each other. So that when AMD went back to "re-tape" Navi out (for some minor error), that they would encorporate the most up-to-date masking (A revision that AMD had already been working on...) into the tape out and re-spin.
As logic would imply, not only with the updated (fix) and tape out, Navi would also adopt a newer (more up to date) revision of the latest masking, or production process. Again, going back to Dr Su saying, that they do not want to make the same mistake they made with Polaris (at this stage in development) and rush it. Instead they are doing it right. If Navi was indeed going to be announced at CES and was delayed, then do you think that 4-month delay would include Navi's latest revisions (since the last tape out..?)
What little changes that could be made within a short revision, will probably be done.
But it sounds (to me), that You are suggesting (if true) AMD will be using the exact same revision, but are just going to fix (whatever they found in error) and tape out & respin it... without taking any opportunity to sneak newer revisions into that new tape out..?
You touched on a newer revision briefly, then went on to explain what that process entitles and why AMD would (at this stage) not change the core functions of Navi's architecture. (an argument nobody was making)
However slight that revision might be, the opportunity to tape out as a further revision of itself, isn't all that bad of a prospect. I am just wondering what (if anything) could they do. In addition to perhaps better thermals & efficiencies do to a newer refined processes..?
#46 w0lfram, Feb 1, 2019
Masks are unique to the specific chip they are generated for, and the most up to date set is the chip that is currently taped-out. Designs earlier in their process are further from being in physical form, and so would not have much value to the chip that is taped out and can have physical samples for real testing.
The presented scenario is that there is a chip A being taped out with a chip B being further back in development. Then chip is "re-taped" and takes elements from B.
This hybrid design is neither A or B, so their respective validation and simulation results cannot provide guarantees in the areas where they are combined.
Instead they are doing it right. If Navi was indeed going to be announced at CES and was delayed, then do you think that 4-month delay would include Navi's latest revisions (since the last tape out..?)
Three or so months isn't out of line with respins discussed in the past, and 7nm without EUV is noted to have even longer turnaround time due to the large increase in steps from heavy multi-patterning.
EUV's reduction in multi-patterning is touted by the foundries as reducing cost and reducing lead times, if the EUV lithography tools can improve exposure times and power sources.
If the decision to do a respin is made after the first chips come back from the fab, there's not much more time besides time-constrained fixes to the show-stopper issues and focused validation on those changes.
Features that have too many issues could even be disabled in order to salvage the schedule.
For a respin, the revision of the chip that came back from the fab has minor corrections made, and a new mask stepping is made and sent off.
There are ways of reducing the manufacturing lead time and the risk of alterations, but those work by changing less and less of the chip.
It's a bad time to be changing things just to change them, and there's no clear upside. The risks of severely impacting the design are high, and no features we've seen from the consoles provided a massive benefit. Even if there were an upside to the features, the right thing to do is generally to tape-out the current chip and have the next product incorporate the new features.
No specific level of change was cited, but if this is somehow taking features from Sony or Microsoft, it's already sounding non-trivial. Since there's no sign of them being in production, they wouldn't have any physical feedback to give to a chip being taped-out--and even physical learning doesn't have a lot of carry-over between designs. That leaves feature changes with a physical, electrical, and logical footprint. Those effects would need to be validated.
Even minor changes can have an impact if new transistors or layouts affect how the lithographic patterns interfere with each other, or how the physical differences that result from the choice of patterns in a region can affect mechanical and chemical effects of the fabrication process.
One of the advantages touted by AMD for its chiplet strategy is that if you want to change one part of an SOC, it requires re-evaluating for complex side effects.
#47 3dilettante, Feb 1, 2019
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Thank you. That was insightful.
But, as you have suggested, that in most those cases presented were worse case scenarios. And again, you didn't take into account AMD's leap-frogging teams, with validated designs of their own, etc. (just saying)
(ie: What if regardless of Navi's original release, AMD was planning a 2nd revision within 6 months...)
So basically:
TSMC will have refined their process node a tad more for better efficiencies (over the 4 month delay). And that AMD (in the mean time), who vowed "not to take the easy route" and to "do it the right way", will simply retape/respin the dies & correct only what needs to be done. (No updates, or revisions.)
Seems like wasted time.
Why would they plan to spend millions on another revision within 6 months?
#49 BRiT, Feb 5, 2019
Nope, that's just sane engineering (in any field). You'd need a working, stable baseline to improve upon first.
#50 entity279, Feb 5, 2019
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The time frame given earlier was 4 months, which is shorter than the 6 month claim given now.
I would need to see the specific statements about leapfrogging teams.
The relationship between two teams where one team's product is re-designed based on another project's features (when the other project is not in the process of initial sampling) sounds more complicated than leap-frogging, especially if they are piling up at tape-out despite historically taking longer than the initially claimed four months for "re-taping".
Despite this, leap-frogging doesn't prevent injecting a separate project's design elements from disrupting the first team's late-stage development timeline.
Unless the Sony and Microsoft chips are in production, the chip that would be able generate any learning from the new refinements would be the chip being "re-taped", which is still a term I haven't seen defined clearly.
As a pipe-cleaner, Vega 20 may have provided some information for the design for manufacturing of future chips, since it taped out and went into production much earlier.
In the development of very complex architectures and chips, the general process is that each stage involves making design and engineering choices based on projections on what will happen later, and each later stage builds sequentially on what came before. Each stage reaches a point where it must commit, and the full verdict of those decisions may not be known for a long time. When choices were made a six months or a year ago and all the work since has been based on them, changing the foundation of those lapsed months requires new investments of time and engineering. There's not much borrowing of another design's time.
For a rather ancient example of a chip revision rather than "re-taping", there's what AMD did with the Thoroughbred A and B cores in 2002.
AMD modified the layout, added a metal layer, and added some transistors and decoupling capacitors when going from A to B. This allowed for higher clock speeds, but AMD did not want to differentiate the two revisions beyond that.
https://www.anandtech.com/show/972/3
This was over 16 years ago, so the complexity and lead times for doing this were far different, and the x86 development and refinement process showed more intensity that AMD's GPU cadence.
Even so, Thoroughbred A was not "re-taped" or held up for B. Revision A was taped out, validated, and sold for months before Revision B started to come out. The "right thing" in that case was to finish the current chip and bring it to market, and let the next chip adopt what optimizations are available at its final stage of development.
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milk said: ↑
Sony might not have a great track record in actually developing good graphics silicon, but the experience they have in AAA low-level graphics and game code is unmatched on PC-space, and arguably also on Xbox. Don't right off completely SONY's ability to provide AMD useful input.
I can understand the adverse reaction to people who extrapolated from that Forbe's comment that sony is pretty much doing most of the designing for navi, which is a simplistic and stupid extrapolation to make. But to then say Sony's know-how has absolutely no value for AMD is equally simplistic and stupid.
This pretty much. It's fair to assume that Sony's input will be valuable to AMD in developing Navi (or whatever ends up in Ps5/Nextbox) but to assume that they are basically developing Navi is a bit far fetched. I would expect some custom features (potentially something akin to mesh/primitive shaders perhaps) that won't make it to desktop Navi but not anything groundbreaking.
#52 Clukos, Feb 7, 2019
Are we arguing about who is better to play lego with transistors or ... that guys who's bread and butter is makeing best code on limited resources for retail code, guys who codded in assembly on 30mhz2MB, then 3 cores and five memory subsytems on ps2 and then the cell have absolutely nothing to input? zero bad and good experience to share. On the other hand there is paved road of failed features culminating with vega.
BTW PS2 > Turing <runs> ( that comments are about meshlets )
#53 metacore, Feb 8, 2019
vipa899
Regular Newcomer
Intresting that with ps2, future hardware it was. One of my favorite hardware of all time.
Do they mean it was too slow, but the architecture was more flexible?
If we still havent "beaten" ps2, then why was the 2001 xbox faster in about everything
#54 vipa899, Feb 8, 2019
Rootax
I believe they talk about logical processing of those tasks and efficiency, flexibility, more than absolute raw power.
#55 Rootax, Feb 8, 2019
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Yeah it's about felxibility, there is further comment by Sebastian
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Ok it could have been flexible, but if it cant do most effects at reasonable performance those effects werent of much use. Things like bump mapping, pixel shading, detail textures, etc werent all that common on the PS2. Some games went ambitious (SotC) but @ 15fps it wasnt all that smooth.
Cant really say PS2 was better then (more) fixed function variants like OG xbox, or perhaps GC to some extend. I think PS2 was a 90's design with software rendering in mind, it was common then, much more flexible but slower.
Wasnt one of the unreleased or limited Voodoo 5 6000 a multipass gpu, or atleast an idea of PS2-like design?
bgroovy
No one is suggesting that VUs would have stayed trapped at 300mhz had the concept been brought forward.
#58 bgroovy, Feb 9, 2019
Wonder how a further developed EE/GS future would have looked like. Some said it wasnt forward thinking.
Vipa, they are talking precisely about geometry setup/processing not texturing, shading and so on.
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Home > Men's Health > HIV Meds Cut Transmission Risk to Zero, Even Without Condoms: Study
HIV Meds Cut Transmission Risk to Zero, Even Without Condoms: Study
By ariannawmd on May 3, 2019
Even if they never use a condom during sex, gay men whose HIV is undetectable due to ongoing antiretroviral treatment cannot infect their male partner, new research reveals.
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Rodger said the study provides "conclusive evidence" that the risk of transmission through sex is zero when virus levels are fully suppressed by antiretroviral therapy (ART). An earlier phase of the study proved the same was true for heterosexual couples.
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The new study, published May 2 in the online edition of The Lancet, spanned 14 countries and eight years. It included nearly 1,000 gay couples, each with one HIV-positive man and one without the virus.
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The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has more information about HIV and ART.


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In 2004 I was 18 and had my daughter I was already married but was not put on my husbands insurance but I had Medical the doctors had me going to the hospital twice a week to have non stress test and had my medical information on file when it came time to have my baby they said they had my information and than a year later the hospital sent me a bill saying I owed them 3,421.20 for my hospital visit I told them I had medical at the time and they told me to fax a copy of my card because they didn't have it on file I did and never heard from them again now its almost 8 years later and I have received a letter from a lawyer that I owe the amount . What can or should I do? There is no way I can afford this.
The first step is to validate the debt. Secondly, check to see if the statute of limitations has passed. In most states, a debt that you have not paid on for eight years would be past the SOL. Don't pay a penny before you determine if the SOL has passed. The lawyer can still sue you, if the SOL has passed, but you can use it as a defense in court to avoid paying.
I have a credit score of 530 due to many deliquent accounts that are a couple years old. This year I was able to pay all of them off as well as a student loan that was in good standing. I have a credit card with a small limit, but I do my best to maintain less than 30% on it. These are all things that I am just starting to do to rebuild my credit. My question is how long should I use my new credit card before applying for a different type of loan? I know that hard inquires also affect your credit and credit card that I have I have only had for 3 months. I only have 2 hard inquires on my credit right now, but I know that I am major liablity with a low credit score, which makes it harder to get a new line of credit.
There is no definite answer to your very good question, but I advise that you have six months of payments in good standing on your new credit card, before you apply for a different loan or another unsecured, revolving line of credit. In the interim, you could apply for a secured credit card, as a way to boost your credit score.
4 years ago my husband had several affairs and we are no longer together. I supported him while he attended and eventually graduated from college. During that time I took out an unsecured loan to pay his tuition and the nloan is in my name only. When our marriage broke up I was unable to pay the loan and he said he would repay it for me. Well he did not and I have been sent a collection letter from a debt collector with a pre-legal notification. I have no assets except I own my home. I will retire from teaching and will not have the disposable income to pay this debt. I have no children. I am afraid the debt collector will have a lien placed on my home. I understand that in PA there is a 4 year statute of limitations before a collector can file a lawsuite but how do I get the last date that an account was not paid from original account? All my credit report states is the debt will be removed in 2014.
Consult with a lawyer who has family law experience regarding the debt that benefited your ex-spouse that you are now repaying. It is unreasonable for you to pay this debt, and I think a judge would agree with me.
You may need to file a lawsuit against your ex-spouse regarding the debt, and file for bankruptcy to remove your liability for the debt if it is large.
You mentioned a lien. That is a possibility. Again, time with a lawyer to review your liabilities and options will be time and money well spent.
Thank you. Your reply was very helpful and a lawyer is what I need. I have been to three and find them very intimidating and not 'kind'. I don't want sympathy. I realize that they are not in the business to hold my hand and supply tissues but a little empathy would make me feel better. I just wanted to get this off my chest! Again, thank you and I will try again.
I filed bankruptcy in 2003. I can't get a store card nor a loan at all. I am told i have NO credit. How do i get credit if no one will give me any?
There are definitely steps you can take to start building your credit. You should look into getting a secured credit card, as a first step. Then, apply for a gas station credit card. This type of credit card often has less strict credit requirements.


text:
Carriera

Club

Shimizu S-Pulse e Kashima Antlers
Esordisce come professionista con lo Shimizu S-Pulse nella Coppa J. League il 20 marzo 2013 nel pareggio per 1-1 contro il Ventforet Kofu, in campionato dovrà ha giocato per la maggio parte delle partite come portiere titolare. Continuerà a indossare la maglia della squadra fino al 2015. Giocherà per due stagioni con il Kashima Antlers prendendo parte a sole tre partite, nell'edizione 2016 della Coppa del Giappone, tutte e tre concluse con una sconfitta.

Fagiano Okayama e Montedio Yamagata
Nel 2017 giocherà nella seconda divisione, la J2 League con il Fagiano Okayama, la sua prima partita sarà contro il Nagoya Grampus perdendo per 2-0. Nell'edizione 2017 della Coppa dell'Imperatore giocherà una partita contro il Football Club Imabari, la partita finirà a reti inviolate e il Fagiano Okayama vincerà per 5-3 ai rigori, Kushibiki parerà il tiro di So Kataoka. Il 3 maggio 2018 esordisce con il Montedio Yamagata nella sconfitta per 2-1 contro l'Avispa Fukuoka dividendo il suo ruolo di portiere difensore con Tsuyoshi Kodama.

Nazionale
Nel 2012 giocherà come portiere titolare nella Nazionale Under-19 alla Coppa d'Asia Under-19 giocando in tutte le partite, nella fase a girone perde 2-0 contro l'Iran e vince per 1-0 ai danni del Kuwait, per poi pareggiare per 0-0 contro gli Emirati Arabi Uniti, purtroppo il Giappone perde alla fase a eliminazione diretta per 2-1 contro l'Iraq.

Sarà il portiere titolare con il Giappone Under-23 nella finale contro la Corea del Sud alla Coppa d'Asia Under-23 dove la squadra sarà inizialmente sotto di due reti, ma con una rimonta vince per 3-2.

Viene convocato per le Olimpiadi 2016 in Brasile. Giocherà solo la prima partita, persa per 5-4 contro la Nigeria, e nella restanti due partire contro la Colombia e la Svezia l'estremo difensore giapponese sarà Kōsuke Nakamura.

Cronologia presenze in Nazionale

Palmarès

Club

Kashima Antlers: 2016

Kashima Antlers: 2016

Nazionale
 Coppa d'Asia Under-23: 1
2016

Note

Collegamenti esterni

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Tag: Matty James
Posts Tagged Matty James
Fuck Pledge – A Message from Tyla
As the pledge Music debacle rages on Tyla has issued a message as he and his band try to salvage some positives from this whole sorry mess. Releasing a statement about his new release – The wonderfully titled 'The Fuck Pledge Tapes' fans are offered details of a project he and his band are putting together
Here at RPM we've been involved and told of many campaigns that have caused sleepless nights, fans were let down and a company who has said very little publicly if anything at all. Hopefully, something can and will be done and the musicians union can gather names and projects and maybe band together to salvage something for the carnage left in the companies wake. Both bands and fans who are out of pocket and without their agreed items and payment should have some sort of closure.
F**K PL**GE
Dear Friends and Pledgers,
Hope all's well in your world.
We just wanted to give you a quick update on the shenanigans over at PledgeMusic.
As many of you may have heard they're in dire financial straits. They owe independent artists between $1million and $3 million collectively and – unable to pay – are now in the process of declaring bankruptcy. Yes, you read that right! They owe struggling artists up to 3 million dollars and are reneging on their payment responsibilities by putting the company into liquidation!!
It would appear they've f**ked both fans and artists by stealing everyone's money! And, worst of all, they lied about it for months during which they continued to collect money from fans without paying it through to the artists for whom it was pledged.
As such, many artists have been left with debts, unfinished projects and unfulfilled dreams whilst numerous pledgers have been left without Vinyl,
CDs, T-shirts and various other merch items for which they have paid.
Understandably, social media is aflame with anger and outrage. Many believe this is more than mismanagement of funds or a simple betrayal of trust. They believe the theft is a calculated and deliberate fraud for which the perpetrators
should be prosecuted. In fact, the UK government have been urged by Music Industry bodies to investigate the Company for illegal activities.
On a personal level, Pledge still owes us $20,000!! All of which was earmarked to pay-off our album recording costs and Vinyl, CD and T-shirt manufacturing costs. (In their defense we did receive an initial part-payment of some of the
monies we were owed – which went towards our recording costs).
In some ways though, we consider ourselves lucky. When we saw early signs that Pledge was in trouble we made the decision to cover all our outstanding debts ourselves. We wanted to ensure that anyone who participated in our Tyla's Dogs D'Amour 'In Vino Veritas' album campaign would receive everything they pledged for. And they did! Thankfully! No-one who pledged as part of our campaign has been left without their items! It took us a while admittedly. And we were grateful for everyone's patience, but we managed it.
And, against all the odds, the album even charted! #3 in the UK Album Breakers Chart and #23 in The Independent Album Chart. Result!
Of course, we secretly hoped that a buyer would purchase Pledge and we'd receive the money we were owed! But now we know for certain there's no
chance of us being paid we'd like to try and recoup some of our losses by offering you the opportunity to buy an exclusive, limited-edition, 10-song F**K PL**GE CD.
With original artwork by Tyla the CD won't be available in any shops. It'll be strictly limited to the number of orders we receive here. It'll contain a selection of songs from our trilogy of 'In Vino Veritas' albums – 'In Vino Veritas', 'In Vino
Veritas Acoustica', 'In Musica Veritas' and a couple from the forthcoming, newly recorded 'Graveyard of Empty Bottles MMXIX' anniversary edition. And a few others! Some you'll have heard, some you'll already own, some you'll know and some will surprise you.
We know you're all suffering from Pledge fatigue but shall we have one final
dance as the sun sets?
As an added bonus, everyone who orders the CD will be entered into a prize draw to win the original hand-painted cover art, plus 10 lucky runner-ups will receive A3 signed prints!
That's gotta be worth the price of admission right? Go on. You're worth it.
Thanks again for all your support.
Tyla, Gaz, Matty, Simon
F**K PL**GE – A 10-song, limited-edition CD containing a collection of
songs to treasure forever. £15 plus p&p.
1. Fuck Off Devil – from 'In Vino Veritas Acoustica'
2. When the Dream Has Gone – from 'Graveyard… MMXIX'
3. Everything to Me – from 'In Vino Veritas'
4. My Best Friends Girl – from 'In Musica Veritas'
5. 111 – from 'In Vino Veritas'
6. Movie Star – from 'In Vino Veritas Acoustica'
7. Died & 'Fore She Got Young – from 'Graveyard… MMXIX'
8. Summertime Blues – from 'In Musica Veritas'
9. Love Comes True – from 'Black Confetti' EP
10. Another Girl, Another Planet – 'Homesick Angel' EP
Pre-order now only from tylasarttavern.com
Tyla's Dogs D'amour/Boss Caine/Matty James Cassidy – York, The Fulford Arms – 8th December 2018
From that first moment I dropped the needle on my copy of 'How Come It Never Rains' 12" vinyl back in 1988,to excitedly doing the same with new album 'In Vito Veritas' now as 2018 draws to a close, I have had an on/off love affair with a man from Wolverhampton, his songs, his words and his artwork.
While I haven't bought every album Tyla has released (who has? there's been a lot of 'em!) I have followed his career through the ups and downs and caught him live when I can. Now in 2018 he has released his strongest album arguably this century and he's playing a couple of rare intimate shows to celebrate.
Matty James Cassidy has been Tyla's bass player for a good few years now. But he has his own solo thing going on that any self-respecting Tyla fan should be checking out. Armed with just an acoustic guitar and a harmonica, the man in black from Enniskillen plays a fine, upbeat set of nomadic tales from the road.
With two solo albums under his belt and a new single imminent, he has a growing set of catchy, folk-tinged tunes to whet the appetite of the growing crowd awaiting their hero.
There's more than a hint of The Levellers in the upbeat and folky 'Gunpowder', it seems the Dogs fanbase are getting familiar with Matty's back catalogue. 'Stick and Stones' incites the sing-along treatment and just released new single 'Rosary' promises much for new material in 2019 from this Northern Ireland troubadour. Great stuff from a rock 'n' roll rogue.
What more can I say about Boss Caine that I haven't already said? Daniel Lucas is a local singer/songwriter, a fellow lover of all things rock 'n' roll who is living the dream, touring the country and regularly supports his heroes at local gigs. Hell. In fact, I have witnessed him supporting Tyla and The Wildhearts in this very venue.
He has a great new album out called 'Loved By Trouble, Troubled By Love', that you really should have in your collection. If you dig gravelly tones vocals, rustic instrumentation and honest, heartfelt songs full of sentiment and stories of life, love and addictions, then dig deep, Mr Lucas has a tale or two for you.
Tonight, he's flying solo with no Boss Caine band to help him out. While I do love a full big band Boss Caine show, the one man acoustic show is just as mesmerising. Mixing up new tunes with old, Dan plays one of the best shows I have seen him play, to a packed out room, full of fans of one of his musical heroes, does it get any better I ask? And while there are always the annoying people chatting away, there are still plenty giving the Bossman their full attention tonight.
Newbie 'Morphine & Marmalade' has a great little guitar riff going on and even better lyricism. New album highlight 'Champagne' is always an over-catchy live favourite and sentimental country of 'Where Good Things Go To Die' hits in the feels every time
I think Dan needed this show more than ever tonight and he certainly delivered.
This is becoming a thing now, innit? Tyla playing at The Fulford Arms. I still have to pinch myself to confirm it's real, that I have seen one of my biggest heroes several times over the last few years in my favourite local venue.
Riding on the release of latest album 'In Vino Veritas', Tyla's Dogs D'amour are playing just two intimate pre-crimbo shindings at Bannermans in Edinburgh and first of all, here at The Fulford Arms in York. It's a sold-out show, luckily I purchased a ticket early.
Tyla takes to the stage clutching a bottle of red and a handful of A3 sheets of paper with the lyrics to the new songs. Yep, Tyla has crafted songs that are up there with the best in the back catalogue and his band are going to play them all before we even get a sniff of the hits.
And rightly so. As Tyla breaks out the opening bars of '111' and the band kick in, it truly rocks. For a band that doesn't actually tour much, The Dogs are tight. Tyla, guitarist Gaz Pennick and drummer Simon Hansen have been a unit for a good few years now and the addition of Matty on bass just works perfectly.
Tyla is on fine form tonight, sipping from a glass of red, he tells bad jokes and fumbles with papers he can't see. We are in hysterics and there's already an electric atmosphere, as the heat rises and the drinks flow…they haven't even started the second song yet!
Recent single 'Black Confetti' follows. A classic mid-paced funeral march if ever there was one. Then 'Bloodline' takes things back up, a proper pumping rocker that gets the blood flowing, reminding this reviewer of 'More Unchartered..' era Dogs. A killer tune if ever there was one.
A bouncy, Grease styled bass line, courtesy of Matty, gets 'Bottle Of Red' going. A perfectly crafted drinking song with a sing-along chorus to boot, classic Tyla at work here.
"Anyone got the new album yet?" Tyla asks the sweaty crowd to a chorus of drunken approval. "You didn't order through Pledge then?". Seems there have been some issues with Pledge, he ain't the first and he won't be the last, but there are plenty here who mouth the words to every new song the band crank out tonight.
'I Don't Love Anyone' is probably the finest song Tyla has written for years. It sounds like a classic from the back catalogue, heartfelt and full of sentiment like so many before, it's up there with the best and is a most wonderful highlight this evening.
By the time he strums the opening chords to 'Last Bandit' the room erupts and we all sing along for the next 40 minutes or so to some of the greatest songs of our youth. 'Last Bandit' is like welcoming an old lost friend back into your life, my god I love that song!
'Billy Two Rivers' follows, couples embrace and kiss, friends hug and rejoice and we all sing as one. Is that the opening riff to 'Firework Girl'? Holy shit it is! Amazing, I can pretty much die happy right now.
They concentrate on the hits, the early live favourites, all the songs you want to hear. 'Heroine', 'Wait Until I'm Dead', 'Drunk Like Me' and the obligatory 'How Come It Never Rains'.
'I Don't Want You To Go' is slower than normal and shambolic, it sounds ace! 'What You Do' form the highly underrated 'More Unchartered…' rocks us out nicely too.
Out of tune, off their heads and in our hearts The Dogs D'amour will always continue in one form or another, with Tyla always at the heart of it all, and right now he has the best line-up since those long gone glory days.
Tonight was a glorious celebration of the old and the new. 35 years he's been at it and many here have been with him every step of the way. Like a fine red wine, the old dog has aged mightily well. Proving to all doubters that he still has a few new tricks up his sleeve and the power to captivate all who will listen, here's to a good few more.
Author: Ben Hughes
Buy the new Tyla album Here


text:
#include "QMultiFileInfo.h"

#include <QRegExp>
#include <QFileInfo>
#include <QString>
#include <QStringList>

#include <QDebug>

#include "QMultiFile.h"

QMultiFileInfo::QMultiFileInfo() : fileExist(false) {

}
QMultiFileInfo::QMultiFileInfo(QString file) : fileExist(false) {
	file = normalizeFilePath(file);

	// prepare the req exp
	QRegExp rx("([^\\.]*)(\\.)([^\\/]*)(\\/)");
	int pos = 0;
	QString handledPath;

	// search in the path
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		// build the path
		path_wildcardArchive = handledPath + rx.cap(1) + "." + rx.cap(3);

		// check if there is an archive
		if (checkIfArchive(path_wildcardArchive)) {
			// set extension
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			// set the file path
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				path_archive = path_wildcardArchive;

				// check if the file exist
				fileExist = QMultiFile(*this).exist();

				// if the file not exist try to remove dummy "."
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					// remove content before dummy "."
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					fileExist = QMultiFile(*this).exist();
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			} else {
				// build the iterator
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				while (pathListIt.hasNext()) {
					QString path = pathListIt.next();

					// check the path
					if (QMultiFile(path + "/" + path_file).exist()) {
						fileExist = true;
						path_archive = path;
						break;
					}
				}

			}
			return;

		// if not
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			// add the archive path to the handled path
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		pos += rx.matchedLength();
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	// check if this is a plain file
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		path_file = file;

		fileExist = QMultiFile(*this).exist();
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}

QString QMultiFileInfo::baseName() const {
	QString file = fileName();
	return file.left(file.indexOf("."));
}

QString QMultiFileInfo::fileName() const {
	return path_file.right(path_file.length() - path_file.lastIndexOf("/") - 1);
}

QString QMultiFileInfo::absoluteFilePath() const {
    if (path_archive.isEmpty()) {
        return QFileInfo(path_file).absoluteFilePath();
    } else {
        return QFileInfo(path_wildcardArchive).absoluteFilePath() + "/" + path_file;
    }
}
QString QMultiFileInfo::absolutePath() const {
    QString path = absoluteFilePath();
    // if path not exist return empty string
    if (!path.contains("/")) {
        return "";
    } else {
        return path.left(path.lastIndexOf("/"));
    }
}

QString QMultiFileInfo::filePath() const {
	if (path_archive.isEmpty()) {
		return path_file;
	} else {
		return path_archive + "/" + path_file;
	}
}

QString QMultiFileInfo::archivePath() const {
	return path_archive;
}

QString QMultiFileInfo::inArchivePath() const {
	return path_file;
}

QString QMultiFileInfo::path() const {
	QString path = filePath();
	// if path not exist return empty string
	if (!path.contains("/")) {
		return "";
	} else {
		return path.left(path.lastIndexOf("/"));
	}
}

QString QMultiFileInfo::wildcardFilePath() const {
	if (path_archive.isEmpty()) {
		return path_file;
	} else {
		return path_wildcardArchive + "/" + path_file;
	}
}
QString QMultiFileInfo::wildcardPath() const {
	QString path = wildcardFilePath();
	// if path not exist return empty string
	if (!path.contains("/")) {
		return "";
	} else {
		return path.left(path.lastIndexOf("/"));
	}
}
QString QMultiFileInfo::wildcardArchivePath() const {
	return path_wildcardArchive;
}

QString QMultiFileInfo::getArchiveExtension() const {
	return archiveExtension;
}

bool QMultiFileInfo::isInArchive() const {
	return archiveExtension != "";
}

bool QMultiFileInfo::exist() const {
    return fileExist;
}
bool QMultiFileInfo::exists() const {
    return fileExist;
}

bool QMultiFileInfo::checkIfArchive(QString path) {
	QStringList pathList = getArchivePath(path);

	// if there are paths in the list
	if (pathList.size() > 0) {
		QStringListIterator pathListIt(pathList);

		// check if one archive is valid
		while (pathListIt.hasNext()) {
			if (QFileInfo(pathListIt.next()).isFile()) {
				return true;
			}
		}

	// if the path list is empty
	} else {
		// try the path direct
		return QFileInfo(path).isFile();
	}
	return false;
}

QStringList QMultiFileInfo::getArchivePath(QString path) {
	QRegExp rx("([^\\[]*)(\\[)([^\\]]*)(\\])(.*)");

	// if wildcard was found
	if (rx.indexIn(path) != -1) {
		// get pre and post path
		QString pre = rx.cap(1);
		QString post = rx.cap(5);

		QStringList pathList;

		// split the wildcard at the separator
		QStringListIterator wildcardIt(rx.cap(3).split(","));
		while (wildcardIt.hasNext()) {
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			if (wildcard.size() < 2) {
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				// build the path
				pathList.append(QString("%1%2%3").arg(pre).arg(a).arg(post));
			} else {
				int a = wildcard.at(0).toInt();
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				// ensure that a is smaller than b
				if (b < a) {
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					a = b;
					b = c;
				}

				// build the paths
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					pathList.append(QString("%1%2%3").arg(pre).arg(i).arg(post));
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		}

		return pathList;

	} else {
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}

QString QMultiFileInfo::normalizeFilePath(QString path) {
	// replace \ with /
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	// prepare new path
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	// iterate string from back to front
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	it.toBack();
	while (it.hasPrevious()) {
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		// remove single "."
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			continue;
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		if (part == "..") {
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			if (counter > 0) {
				--counter;
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				newPath.insert(0, part);
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	// add leading ".."
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		--counter;
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	// join path
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}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Iterar índices de um vetor Possuo o seguinte vetor:
a = [10, 20, 30, 40...]

Preciso criar uma nova lista que seja a subtração do  segundo índice pelo primeiro, do terceiro índice pelo primeiro e etc... Depois, o terceiro índice pelo segundo, quarto índice pelo terceiro e assim sucessivamente. Por exemplo:
b = [índice[1] - índice[0], índice[2] - índice[0], índice[3] - índice[0], índice[2] - índice[1], índice[3] - índice[1]...]

Ou seja, preciso iterar todas as condições, porém sempre nessa lógica o índice posterior menos o anterior.
Possuo o script abaixo, porém ele não itera todas as condições.
a = [10, 50, 30, 5]
b = [a[i+1]-a[i] for i in range(0, len(a)) if i+1 < len(a)]
print (b)

Desculpa, caso não tenha sido muito claro. Tentei ser o máximo!
Alguém conseguiria me ajudar?

A: Então para obter o resultado desejado, você irá necessitar de dois laços: um para percorrer o índice que será subtraído e outro os índices que subtrairão. Isto é, a primeira parte da lista serão todos os elementos subtraindo o elemento 0, a segunda parte será todos os elementos maiores que 1 subtraindo o elemento 1, etc. O primeiro laço define o valor x = 0, 1, 2, ..., n; o segundo será y = x+1, X+2, ..., n, sendo calculado o valor de a[y]-a[x]. Veja:
a = [3, 5, 2]

resultado = []

for ix, x in enumerate(a):
    for y in a[ix+1:]:
        resultado.append(y - x)

print resultado

Veja funcionando no Ideone.

O resultado será [2, -1, -3], pois é referente à a[1]-a[0], a[2]-a[0], a[2]-a[1].

Correção: é necessário utilizar a função enumerate para iterar sobre os elementos da lista, pois ela retornará um par de valores referentes ao índice e ao valor em si. Antes estava apenas utilizando o valor, o que gerou o comportamento inesperado comentado.

A: Segue um exemplo:
a = [10, 20, 50, 80, 50, 60];
b = [];

tamanhoLista = len(a);

for i in range(tamanhoLista):
    subtracoes = [];
    for x in range(i, tamanhoLista):
        if (x+1) < tamanhoLista:
          subtracoes.append(a[x + 1]-a[i]);
        elif (i == (tamanhoLista - 1)):
            subtracoes.append(a[x]-a[i]);
    b.append(subtracoes);

print(b);

O retorno é:
[
    [10, 40, 70, 40, 50],
    [30, 60, 30, 40],
    [30, 0, 10],
    [-30, -20],
    [10],
    [0]
]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


98% of the townhouses to rent have pictures. On average an advert for Townhouses To Rent Southampton has 10.96 pictures.
The most common number of bedrooms for properties in Southampton is 4, followed by 3 and 5.
We found townhouses in Southampton in So14 and So16.
Estate agencies in Southampton with townhouses to rent include Pearsons - Southampton, Knights Porter - Southampton and The Home Agency - Southampton.


Though sun stops beating, my pulse does not. Air turned steam from my breath taunts Autumn mums that some of us will survive this season.
And some of us will not.
I laugh remembering why I bought them, their color burst first to greet passerby, and last to bid farewell.
And now the freeze caught them squatting, forever stuck fat and happy except, well, it's peculiar really, their smiles must have thawed.
I only yank them from their misery because their rigor mortis corpses stare ugly. Shallow energy exerted masks my vanity with compassion. I simply don't want to look at them anymore.
But it's they who have the last laugh. They aren't the only ones dead frozen. Their roots stick solid to the once life-giving soil that now sits heavy in frigid clay pot.
And now the only ugly to greet passerby is my steaming and huffing and tugging, the crazy lady having a knock-down drag-out with some pathetic dead plants who refuse to leave their post.


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News and resources on payments systems, innovations and initiatives worldwide.
Bill.com to open new office in Houston
Source: Bill.com
Bill.com, the leader in digital business payments, today announced it is expanding operations to Houston as the company enters a new phase of growth. With plans to open its 25,000 square foot space in the Westchase district in Spring 2019, the company is actively hiring a team including developers and customer support professionals with other roles to follow.
"We conducted an extensive national search to select our first location outside the San Francisco Bay Area. We're growing at a high speed and it's critical to find the right mix of talent, quality of life and business-friendliness in our next office location. We found all this and more in Houston and are delighted the city can support our next phase of growth," said René Lacerte, CEO of Bill.com.
Recognized as one of San Francisco Business Times' and Silicon Valley Business Journal's "2018 Best Places to Work", Bill.com is partnering with the Greater Houston Partnership, the region's trade and economic development group, and local tech connector Station Houston. To kick-start the company's hiring operation, it will participate in Station Startup Gigs and Rice University hiring events on February 19 and 24.
"The City of Houston is thrilled to welcome the Bill.com team," said Houston Mayor Sylvester Turner. "We've always been a global and innovative city and the Bill.com announcement is another great example of Houston's building momentum as a leading digital tech hub. We offer a great place to live, work and grow a business, especially for startups and entrepreneurs.
ECB contemplates development of basic digital euro app


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Dystopias
A Journal of Cultural Inquiry
The Idea of Children
Posted on August 2, 2018 August 9, 2018 by blindfieldcollective	Posted in Uncategorized
By Madeline Lane-McKinley |
So frequently we have seen the figure of the child deployed to moralize what should be political. Family values campaigns. Pro-life propaganda. Today, this moralization is what distinguishes the rhetoric of families belong together from the insistence that no human should be caged.
In extracting "the family" as the ideological backbone of mass resistance to ICE, however, many questions are in danger of evaporating into moralistic rhetorics. For liberals and conservatives alike, the idea of children is a political instrument to which various radical traditions have developed a healthy aversion. Yet as a result, there is a scarcity of anti-capitalist thought about children.
These are some notes written in a moment of urgency, a moment when the idea of children demands more rigorous consideration.
"…but what about the children?"
We're all familiar with the cliché – but what about the children? We hear this, all too often, as a conservative trope that has little at all, in fact, to do with children.
With innocence as its baseline, the liberal idea of children seeks to make natural (but also to moralize) a property relation between child and parent. "Innocence" is code for powerless — a way to fetishize the child as both dependent and sub-human.
This idea of the child is indistinct from private property. And it is likewise through the logic of private property that Trump justifies family separations: "when you prosecute the parents for coming in illegally — which should happen — you have to take the children away." This logic of the parent-child property relation is why Jeff Sessions can speak of children like a bag of cocaine: "If you are smuggling a child then we will prosecute you, and that child will be separated from you as required by law. If you don't like that, then don't smuggle children over our border."
In liberal critiques of Trump's zero tolerance policy, we can locate an important contradiction in the idea of children. On the one hand, the child is an idealized subject, whose ostensible innocence is formed in contrast to an articulation of adulthood as guilty, complicit, and flawed. On the other hand, the child is perpetually subordinated, not only understood as property, but as unthinking and without agency.
To what extent can this contradiction be not only undermined, but refused? Rarely has the rejection of the child's political instrumentality been in the service of children.
Too often the rejection of the child's instrumentality in the false binary of the U.S. political landscape has been in the formulation of an entirely adult-centered conception of political practice. So as not to deploy the figure of the child as an ideological tool, perhaps, the left has made little room for these concerns at all. However centered on the 'adult' as political subject, such political conceptualizations exclude more than just children, and even the vast majority of adults. Implicit in this idea of adulthood is a version of neoliberal 'self-sufficiency': the promise of an autonomous, market-mediated individualism, whose lack of social resources is a mark of independence. This idea of adulthood excludes many adults — it is not about age, but the non-recognition of care.
What is keeping us from politicizing these problems?
The idea and the material reality of children being "taken away" cannot be imagined as theft: we must insist that this is a discrete form of torture. The distinct horror of the 'tender age facility' is precisely this: a separation not from The Family, but from care. Children come into this world, inspiringly, without an ideology of property relations, yet with an undeniable need to be cared for.
Bringing care to the foreground of our political outrage, while disassociating from the ideological pressure to embrace institutions of private property, can be a way to insist that no human should be caged. All humans need care, and need care differently. The child is not the only way of understanding this, though as a caretaker of a six-year old, this is how I am reminded of this throughout most hours of the day.
The Care Crisis
More and more, we hear the present moment described in terms of a care crisis. The accelerated privatization of care is a regime of coerced care labor. It's estimated that 16 million Americans perform the role of a primary caretaker unwaged. Neoliberal economic policies, as Evelyn Nakano Glenn writes, have "exacerbat[ed] the care crisis by intensifying the conflicts between caring and earning and increasing the stresses on caregivers, both unpaid and paid." [1] With the dissolution of the family wage, this 'care crisis' must be understood more systemically: Nancy Fraser argues "the crisis of social reproduction is not freestanding and cannot be adequately grasped on its own," suggesting that the focus on care should come with a broader theory of 'general crisis.' [2]
The focus on care presents an opportunity for broadening and making legible a politics of family abolition. However, this opportunity will be missed without a keen sense of the demands of care, particularly the labors performed seemingly out of love under social conditions of No Alternative.
In feminist traditions of family abolitionism, these questions rush to the surface. That is: how does the revolutionary horizon of the end of 'the family' as a unit of private property mobilize us toward a fuller, less exploitive vision of care? [3] This longing for collective caretaking must be hand-in-hand with any discourse against the family — otherwise doomed to logics of self-management and autonomy. The alternative posed by family abolition cannot, in other words, be a matter of self-imposed austerity on behalf of neoliberal capitalism. Rather than orienting toward this question of abolition in negational terms — withdrawing, undoing, subtracting — how might alternatives to The Family be made imaginable and practicable as a political project of dismantling capitalism's care crisis?
Abolish the Family For Kids
"The purpose of a thought-experiment [is] not to predict the future… but to describe reality, the present world." – Ursula K. Le Guin [4]
It is an unspoken truth that while many children fear adults, many adults also fear children. How would you talk to a child about family abolition? How would you frame a critique of white bourgeois patriarchy, the institution of marriage, the logic of private property? What language would you use? Do you feel it would have to be over-simplified, dumbed down, uncritical? Why? What would you have to do to your own thinking in this process? What would you have to ask yourself?
The child's imagination is one of the most vital models we have for the project of ideologically disrupting capitalist realist epistemologies — confronting the rationalist rebukes of liberalism that systematically infantilize revolutionary politics. [5] But this critical capacity we encounter in thinking with and learning from children remains politically untapped and socially devalued, throughout even our most radical traditions of thought.
Caring for children can be an ongoing tragedy of naturalizing capitalism in order to survive in it.
Yet caring for children can also entail questioning the idea that there is no alternative to capitalism. We teach our kids about stealing – either not to steal, or how not to get caught – but how do we do this without leaving private property uninterrogated?
How do we make use of commune, in this sense, as the anti-family?
Willful Children
Colonial rule has imagined and positioned the colonized as children and animals. The willful child, as Sara Ahmed suggests, is the story of the subaltern: "addressed as a member of the subordinate class," Ahmed writes, the willful child "is subordinate when she refuses to be a member of that class. The demand to be willing [is] articulated as the demand to obey the colonizer (who takes the place of the parent): the rod comes to embody his sovereign will."
Ahmed leaves us with this imperative:
"We must learn from where and when the willful child comes up. As soon as she appears, the rod comes quickly after her. She tells us what might happen if we refuse to give up. She tells us what we become when we keep coming up, when we protest against the violence of the rod, when we challenge how some are beaten as if beating is a right: black bodies, brown bodies. Some have to become willful to survive a history." [6]
No Borders: Abolish Adulthood
"Sometimes I think the conditions of daily life, of everyday oppressions, of survival, not to mention the temporary pleasures accessible to most of us, render much of our imagination inert. We are constantly putting out fires, responding to emergencies, finding temporary refuge, all of which make it difficult to see anything other than the present… When movements have been unable to clear the clouds, it has been the poets – no matter the medium – who have succeeded in imagining the color of the sky, in rendering the kinds of dreams and futures social movements are capable of producing. Knowing the color of the sky is far more important than counting the clouds." – Robin D.G. Kelley [7]
On the one hand, this is a demand for child-inclusivity in our political struggles. We have left children to be the concern of the right – a right for which the fetus is more important than the child, precisely because the issue has nothing to do with children but with property. On the other hand, this is a critique of an ideology of 'child-inclusivity,' to the extent that such inclusion always already renders children marginal to the ostensibly 'adult world' of political struggles.
More than de-centering the adult from revolutionary thought, the border between child and adult must be abolished. As in any abolitionist project, imaginability is an integral problem. This is a problem that's necessarily taken up in revolutionary terms. That is: how do we re-think the adult-child relationship as one of mutual care and learning? How do we take up the challenges of comradeship, without leaving the concept of childhood unquestioningly defined by capital?
In the tradition of feminist utopian thought, these questions have been explored more deeply than elsewhere, while leaving open certain points of inquiry yet to be politically awakened. In The Dialectic of Sex, for instance, Shulamith Firestone projects a revolutionary horizon for which children's libidinality has no borders with adult sexuality. [8] As in her thorny, often categorically confused explorations of 'sex,' Firestone writes through an ongoing friction with conditions of unimaginability. In seeking to understand child libidinality outside the structural threat of molestation and abuse, her text is about the trying and failing to imagine a world of freedom, fundamentally antagonistic toward the social totality for which this freedom appears impossible, even 'unnatural.'
Through a framework of care and comradeship, the imaginability of shared non-adulthood can be more delicately engaged than it is in Firestone's vision, predicated on forgotten histories of child abuse. Illuminating different thresholds of imaginability, care helps us to renegotiate the proprietary relationship of adult and child — to undo the transhistorical character of the white bourgeois 'family' with more expansive forms of mutual caring. While this un-bordered world is unthinkable without total revolution, these questions get us closer to the thinkability of revolution, sharpening our politics for making such a future, and strengthening our capacities to struggle collectively. It is a start, among many others.
Notes and Citations
Much thanks to
[1] Evelyn Nakano Glenn, Forced to Care: Coercion and Caregiving in America, Harvard University Press, 2000
[2] Nancy Fraser, "Contradictions of Capital and Care," New Left Review, July-August 2016
[3] bell hooks articulates this intervention with great clarity: "problematically, for the most part feminist thinkers have never wanted to call attention to the reality that women are often the primary culprits in everyday violence against children simply because they are the primary parental caregivers. While it was crucial and revolutionary that the feminist movement called attention to the fact that male domination in the home often creates an autocracy where men sexually abuse children, the fact is that masses of children are daily abused verbally and physically by women and men. Maternal sadism often leads women to emotionally abuse children, and feminist theory has not yet offered both feminist critique and feminist intervention when the issue is adult female violence against children." ("Feminist Parenting," Feminism is for Everybody, South End Press, 2000)
[4] Ursula K Le Guin, The Left Hand of Darkness, introduction
[5] This includes more recently the infantilization of precarity, as a dominant form of unquestioning neoliberal austerity. As Johanna Isaacson writes, "The ideologeme of "maturity" as deployed against youthful, utopian uprisings in the struggle against austerity, serves to create an epistemological framework that combines an ethics of ascesis, patriarchal familial structures, and naturalized hierarchical global uneven development in a blinding constellation. This understanding of maturity—insisting that there is no alternative to harsh austerity for ordinary people (as large financial institutions are bailed out)—has become hegemonic in our moment." (See: "Life Versus Survival in 'Tangerine'", Blind Field, August 11, 2015)
[6] Sara Ahmed, Living a Feminist Life, Duke University Press, 2017
[7] Robin D.G. Kelley, Freedom Dreams: The Black Radical Imagination, Beacon Press, 2002
[8] Firestone writes of a freedom for "children to do whatever they wish to do sexually," specifying that in a world of feminist revolution, "all forms of sexuality would be allowed and indulged," arguing that "[if] the adult/child cultural distinctions are destroyed, we will no longer need the sexual repression that maintains [them]." (208-209) Problematically, yet consistent with the text's foundational contradiction, Firestone conflates the distinction between adult/child with that of male/female — a biological framework that struggles to untangle a theory of 'culture.' Elsewhere, I more deeply pry into some of these integral problems in Firestone's project, while here I want to emphasize the strong correspondence between her utopian method and her vision of "feminist revolution."
3 thoughts on "The Idea of Children"
untimelydivisions says:
A lot of good points here. I think one problem with the 'personal is political' take is it gets stuck in intersectionality: it accepts that parents and non-parents are separate political subjects that we then need to 'bring together'. Christina Kiaes has a great essay on how the Soviet Futurist politics of reproduction went beyond this.
https://untimelydivisions.files.wordpress.com/2018/08/delivered-from-capitalism-kiaer.pdf
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Animal Accumulation


The York County Multiethnic Heritage Project, administered by Dr. Joyce Pettigrew Berman of Winthrop's English faculty, was made possible by a $38,000 grant from the Department of Health, Education and Welfare of the U.S. Government. The purpose of the project was to study the total contributions of ethnic groups to the total cultural heritage of York County School District No. 3, the York County Nature Museum and the City of Rock Hill Recreation Department. The project, which began in July, 1976, and ended June 30, 1977, focused on ethnic groups in the area: Southern Appalachian, African-American and American Indian.
The York County Multiethnic Heritage project collection includes a wide variety of material that can be used for research on York County and for instructional purposes by teachers. The collection consists of magazines, newspaper clippings, books, photographs, slides, audio tapes, video cassettes, slide transparencies, and copies of historical documents such as letters and land records.
The records of the York County Multiethnic Heritage Project were deposited by Dr. Joyce Pettigrew Berman, project coordinator, on April 25, 1978.
Louise Pettus Archives and Special Collections, Winthrop University, "York County Multiethnic Heritage Project Collection - Accession 186". Finding Aid 274.