text:
OSPF Hybrid Broadcast and P2MP Interface Type
draft-ietf-ospf-hybrid-bcast-and-p2mp-05
Active Internet-Draft (ospf WG)
draft-nsheth-ospf-hybrid-bcast-and-p2mp
SECDIR Last Call Review: Ready with Nits
GENART Last Call Review: Ready with Nits
IESG Evaluation::AD Followup
Needs a YES. Needs 9 more YES or NO OBJECTION positions to pass.
Stewart Bryant
Acee Lindem (acee.lindem@ericsson.com) is the document shepherd.
ospf-chairs@tools.ietf.org, draft-ietf-ospf-hybrid-bcast-and-p2mp@tools.ietf.org
Email authors Email WG IPR 1 References Referenced by Nits
Network Working Group                                           N. Sheth
Internet-Draft                                          Contrail Systems
Updates: 2328, 5340 (if approved)                                L. Wang
Intended status: Standards Track                                J. Zhang
Expires: March 23, 2013                                 Juniper Networks
draft-ietf-ospf-hybrid-bcast-and-p2mp-05.txt
This document describes a mechanism to model a broadcast network as a
hybrid of broadcast and point-to-multipoint networks for purposes of
OSPF operation.  Neighbor discovery and maintenance as well as Link
State Advertisement (LSA) database synchronization are performed
using the broadcast model, but the network is represented using the
point-to-multipoint model in the router LSAs of the routers connected
to it.  This allows an accurate representation of the cost of
communication between different routers on the network, while
maintaining the network efficiency of broadcast operation.  This
approach is relatively simple and requires minimal changes to OSPF.
This document updates both OSPFv2 [RFC2328] and OSPFv3 [RFC5340].
This Internet-Draft will expire on March 23, 2013.
Sheth, et al.            Expires March 23, 2013                 [Page 1]
Internet-Draft  OSPF Hybrid Broadcast and P2MP Intf Type  September 2012
1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
2.  Requirements Language  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
3.  Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
4.  Operation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
4.1.  Interface Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
4.2.  Neighbor Data Structure  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
4.3.  Neighbor Discovery and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
4.4.  Database Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
4.5.  Generating Network LSAs  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
4.6.  Generating Router and Intra-Area-Prefix-LSAs . . . . . . .  7
4.6.1.  Stub Links in OSPFv2 Router LSA  . . . . . . . . . . .  7
4.6.2.  OSPFv3 Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
4.7.  Next-Hop Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
4.8.  Graceful Restart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
5.  Compatibility Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
6.  Scalability and Deployment Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . 10
7.  Management Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
8.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
9.  IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
10. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
11. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
OSPF [RFC2328] operation on broadcast interfaces takes advantage of
the broadcast capabilities of the underlying medium for doing
neighbor discovery and maintenance.  Further, it uses a Designated
Router (DR) and Backup Designated Router (BDR) to keep the LSA
databases of the routers on the network synchronized in an efficient
manner.  However, it has the limitation that a router cannot
advertise different costs to each of the neighboring routers on the
network in its router LSA.
Consider a radio network that supports true broadcast, yet the
metrics between different pairs of terminals could be different for
various reasons (e.g. different signal strength due to placement).
When running OSPF over the radio network, for a router to advertise
different costs to different neighbors, the interface must be treated
as point-to-multipoint, even though the network has true broadcast
capability.
Operation on point-to-multipoint interfaces could require explicit
configuration of the identity of neighboring routers.  It also
requires the router to send separate hellos to each neighbor on the
network.  Further, it mandates establishment of adjacencies to all
configured or discovered neighbors on the network.  However, it gives
the routers the flexibility to advertise different costs to each of
the neighboring routers in their router LSAs.
This document proposes a new interface type that can be used on
networks that have broadcast capability.  In this mode, neighbor
discovery and maintenance, as well as database synchronization are
performed using existing procedures for broadcast mode.  The network
is modeled as a collection of point-to-point links in the router LSA,
just as it would be in point-to-multipoint mode.  This new interface
type is referred to as hybrid-broadcast-and-p2mp in the rest of this
2.  Requirements Language
document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
3.  Motivation
There are some networks that are broadcast capable but have a
potentially different cost associated with communication between any
given pair of nodes.  The cost could be based on the underlying
topology as well as various link quality metrics such as bandwidth,
delay and jitter, among others.
It is not accurate to treat such networks as OSPF broadcast networks
since that does not allow a router to advertise a different cost to
each of the other routers.  Using OSPF point-to-multipoint mode would
satisfy the requirement to correctly describe the cost to reach each
router.  However, it would be inefficient in the sense that it would
require forming O(N^2) adjacencies when there are N routers on the
It is advantageous to use the hybrid-broadcast-and-p2mp type for such
networks.  This combines the flexibility of point-to-multipoint type
with the advantages and efficiencies of broadcast interface type.
4.  Operation
OSPF routers supporting the capabilities described herein should have
support for an additional hybrid-broadcast-and-p2mp type for the Type
data item described in section 9 of [RFC2328].
The following sub-sections describe salient aspects of OSPF operation
on routers configured with a hybrid-broadcast-and-p2mp interface.
4.1.  Interface Parameters
The "Router Priority" interface parameter as specified in OSPFv2
[RFC2328] and OSPFv3 [RFC5340] applies to a hybrid-broadcast-and-p2mp
The "LinkLSASuppression" interface parameter as specified in OSPFv3
[RFC5340] applies to a hybrid-broadcast-and-p2mp interface.  The
default value is "disabled".  It may be set to "enabled" via
4.2.  Neighbor Data Structure
An additional field called the Neighbor Output is added to the
neighbor data structure.  This is the cost of sending a data packet
to the neighbor, expressed in the link state metric.  The default
value of this field is the Interface output cost.  It may be set to a
different value using mechanisms which are outside the scope of this
document, like static per-neighbor configuration, or any dynamic
discovery mechanism that is supported by the underlying network.
4.3.  Neighbor Discovery and Maintenance
Routers send and receive Hellos so as to perform neighbor discovery
and maintenance on the interface using the procedures specified for
broadcast interfaces in [RFC2328] and [RFC5340].
4.4.  Database Synchronization
Routers elect a DR and BDR for the interface and use them for initial
and ongoing database synchronization using the procedures specified
for broadcast interfaces in [RFC2328] and [RFC5340].
4.5.  Generating Network LSAs
Since a hybrid-broadcast-and-p2mp interface is described in router
LSAs using a collection of point-to-point links, the DR MUST NOT
generate a network LSA for the interface.
4.6.  Generating Router and Intra-Area-Prefix-LSAs
Routers describe the interface in their router LSA as specified for a
point-to-multipoint interface in section 12.4.1.4 of [RFC2328] and
section 4.4.3.2 of [RFC5340], with the following modifications for
Type 1 links:
o  If a router is not the DR, it MUST NOT add any Type 1 links if it
does not have a full adjacency to the DR.
o  If a router is not the DR and has a full adjacency to the DR, and
both the DR and this router agree on the DR role, it MUST add a
Type 1 link corresponding to each neighbor that is in state 2-Way
or higher and to which the DR's router LSA includes a link.
o  The cost for a Type 1 link corresponding to a neighbor SHOULD be
set to the value of the Neighbor Output Cost field as defined in
4.6.1.  Stub Links in OSPFv2 Router LSA
Routers MUST add a Type 3 link for their own IP address to the router
LSA as described in section 12.4.1.4 of [RFC2328].  Further, they
MUST also add a Type 3 link with the Link ID set to the IP subnet
address, Link Data set to the IP subnet mask, and cost equal to the
configured output cost of the interface.
4.6.2.  OSPFv3 Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA
Routers MUST add global scoped IPv6 addresses on the interface to the
intra-area-prefix-LSA as described for point-to-multipoint interfaces
in section 4.4.3.9 of [RFC5340].  In addition, they MUST also add all
global scoped IPv6 prefixes on the interface to the LSA by specifying
the PrefixLength, PrefixOptions, and Address Prefix fields.  The
Metric field for each of these prefixes is set to the configured
output cost of the interface.
The DR MUST NOT generate an intra-area-prefix-LSA for the transit
network for this interface since it does not generate a network LSA
for the interface.  Note that the global prefixes associated with the
interface are advertised in the intra-area-prefix-LSA for the router
as described above.
4.7.  Next-Hop Calculation
Next-Hops to destinations that are directly connected to a router via
the interface are calculated as specified for a point-to-multipoint
interface in section 16.1.1 of [RFC2328].
4.8.  Graceful Restart
The following modifications to the procedures defined in section 2.2,
item 1 of [RFC3623] are required in order to ensure that the router
correctly exits graceful restart.
o  If a router is the DR on the interface, the pre-restart network
LSA for the interface MUST NOT be used to determine the previous
set of adjacencies.
o  If a router is in state DROther on the interface, an adjacency to
a non-DR or non-BDR neighbor is considered as reestablished when
the neighbor state reaches 2-Way.
5.  Compatibility Considerations
All routers on the network must support the hybrid-broadcast-and-p2mp
interface type for successful operation.  Otherwise, the interface
should be configured as a standard broadcast interface.
If some routers on the network treat the interface as broadcast and
others as hybrid-broadcast-and-p2mp, neighbors and adjacencies will
still get formed as for a broadcast interface.  However, due to the
differences in how router and network LSAs are built for these two
interface types, there will be no traffic traversing certain pairs of
routers.  Note that this will not cause any persistent loops or black
holing of traffic.
6.  Scalability and Deployment Considerations
Treating a broadcast interface as hybrid-broadcast-and-p2mp results
in O(N^2) links to represent the network instead of O(N), when there
are N routers on the network.  This will increase memory usage and
have a negative impact on route calculation performance on all the
routers in the area.  Network designers should carefully weigh the
benefits of using the new interface type against the disadvantages
mentioned here.
Sheth, et al.            Expires March 23, 2013                [Page 10]
7.  Management Considerations
The following MIB variable/value should be added to the appropriate
OSPFv2 and OSPFv3 MIBs ([RFC4750], [RFC5643]).
o  For ospfIfType/ospfv3IfType, a new value broadcast-p2mp-hybrid (X)
for the hybrid interface type (X to be defined when the revised
MIB documents are approved).
o  For ospfNbrEntry/ospfv3NbrEntry, an ospfNbrMetricValue/
ospfv3NbrMetricValue attribute for per-neigbhor metrics.  In case
of non-hybrid interfaces, the value is the same as the interface
metric.
This section is not normative.
This document raises no new security issues for OSPF.  Security
considerations for the base OSPF protocol are covered in [RFC2328],
[RFC5340], and [RFC6506].
This document has no IANA considerations.
This section should be removed by the RFC Editor to final
10.  Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Acee Lindem and Richard Ogier for
their comments and suggestions.
11.  Normative References
[RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[RFC2328]  Moy, J., "OSPF Version 2", STD 54, RFC 2328, April 1998.
[RFC5340]  Coltun, R., Ferguson, D., Moy, J., and A. Lindem, "OSPF
for IPv6", RFC 5340, July 2008.
[RFC3623]  Moy, J., Pillay-Esnault, P., and A. Lindem, "Graceful OSPF
Restart", RFC 3623, November 2003.
[RFC4750]  Joyal, D., Galecki, P., Giacalone, S., Coltun, R., and F.
Baker, "OSPF Version 2 Management Information Base",
RFC 4750, December 2006.
[RFC5643]  Joyal, D. and V. Manral, "Management Information Base for
OSPFv3", RFC 5643, August 2009.
[RFC6506]  Bhatia, M., Manral, V., and A. Lindem, "Supporting
Authentication Trailer for OSPFv3", RFC 6506,
Authors' Addresses
Nischal Sheth
Contrail Systems
2350 Mission College Blvd, #1140
Santa Clara, CA  95054
Email: nsheth@contrailsystems.com
Lili Wang
10 Technology Park Dr.
Westford, MA  01886
Email: liliw@juniper.net
Jeffrey Zhang
Email: zzhang@juniper.net


The BMW 330ci is the two-door version of the 330, where the "c" stands for "coupe" and "i" for "injection." The model was produced from 1999 to 2005 and is highly prized among enthusiasts for its balance of power, handling and comfort. Aftermarket parts are readily available for the engine as well as suspension, and an extensive network of enthusiasts will gladly share ideas for getting more performance from your 330ci.
The engine of the BMW 330ci is a computer-controlled modern power plant. The ECU, or electronic control unit, at the heart of the engine controls all critical engine parameters. You can obtain a significant rise in power by simply downloading a new program onto this piece of hardware. Many tuners specialize in this type of upgrade. Some will make changes to your car while you wait, while others require you to remove the ECU and send it to the tuner, who will then mail it back to you with an upgraded program. In addition, cold air intake systems will allow the engine to breathe better, while less restrictive exhausts will allow for burned gasses to exit the engine more easily. Both modifications add power and make the engine sound better as well. For more radical engine upgrades, a new set of headers will further aid the airflow from your engine, but they must be chosen carefully and installed professionally.
The second part of the performance equation is weight. The less weight the engine has to push forward, the quicker your car will move. However, weight-saving modifications tend to be more expensive and should therefore be attempted after you have performed basic engine modifications. A good place to start is lightweight alloy wheels to replace the stock units. A carbon-fiber hood and trunk lid should be next on the list, followed by lighter-weight racing seats for the driver and passenger. If you are willing to permanently give up the rear seats, you can remove them and save a good chunk of weight. This also opens up enough space to install a racing-style roll cage, which will provide protection in rollover accidents and further stiffen the chassis for better road feel. The cost for this upgrade, however, is substantial.
Cars intended for daily driving, such as the BMW 330ci, use softer suspension settings than what are ideal for performance driving. By simply changing your springs and shock absorbers with stiffer units, you can improve the grip and handling of your vehicle, albeit at the expense of comfort. If you are not afraid of potholes and driveways, these stiffer springs can also be shorter, which will drop the ride height of the car. This will further improve handling, but you risk hitting the bottom of your vehicle on bad roads and driveways. An additional step in suspension modifications is the installation of stiffer anti-roll bars. These will ensure higher cornering speeds, but like stiffer springs, they will make the car less comfortable, especially on rough roads.


Montréal – The Autorité des marchés financiers (AMF) has launched a penal proceeding in the Court of Québec (Criminal and Penal Division) against Jean-François Laroche and is seeking a fine in the amount of $532,000.
distributing securities without holding a prospectus approved by the AMF, thereby violating section 11 of the Act.
The 86 charges brought against Mr. Laroche pertain to irregular investments totalling $928,052.59 in connection with 15 investors between 2002 and 2006.
On February 10, 2006, the Bureau de décision et de révision en valeurs mobilières (BDRVM) issued a freeze order against Cogetax and Jean-François Laroche, among other parties, for distributing securities without a prospectus approved by the AMF in accordance with section 11 of the Actand without being registered with the AMF as a securities dealer or adviser, thereby violating section 148 of the Act. The BDRVM extended the order on May 11, 2006, August 1, 2006, November 7, 2006, February 2, 2007 and April 24, 2007. The freeze orders will expire on August 1, 2007. A freeze order is intended in particular to protect investors affected by suspicious distributions while the AMF conducts an investigation into the matter.


I was thinking this should be easy. Then I realized why it wouldn't be. To me the argument is clear. Religion has no place in an equal and just government. Ever.
This particular subject in the United States is centered upon the encroachment of Christian fundamentalists in government and then the implementation of policy determined from religious beliefs. One particular religious belief.
In Canada the threat of a theocracy is minimized by the existence of the The Charter of Rights and Freedoms contained within an open-ended, written constitution. However, the Christian fundamentalist crowd, most of which are of US origin, have congregated around the seat of power in Ottawa with anticipation that the Conservative government of Stephen Harper will give them voice, access to legislation and involvement in policy decisions. They won't get far given Harper's minority government, but should he achieve a majority expect the Christian right to become more powerful and more influential in the policy decisions of such a government.
It can be successfully argued that the canons of laws in many countries emerged from the dominant religion of those countries. It can also be argued that the laws are seriously flawed and until religion is extracted from the common law those countries, to a greater or lesser degree, share an odious attribute: the subjugation of any and all people who do not subscribe to the dominant religion.
The truth is, it is nearly impossible to distinguish a theocracy from a one-party state. Ideology replaces reason, research is bent to fit religious dogma and science is dismissed as heretical. Worse though, is that freedom, the word, is tossed around where no true freedom exists. And the leadership of such states requires adherence to a religious doctrine they themselves often ignore or feel is beneath them.
Of the theocracies that have existed or exist today, every one of them is responsible for the suppression of freedom and the marginalization or elimination of those who cannot be called adherents. In all of them, totalitarianism exists to destroy religious opposition. Even so-called tolerant theocracies have an element of exclusionism which sees segments of their populations denied rights and privileges.
It all starts with the courts. And once the Supreme Court of a country is taken over by the theocratists, the results are predictable.
"Court ruling pressures Conservative Party..."
How Many Times Can the US "Capture" Someone?
US military + Iraqi prisons = ???
O'Connor goes for "Third Time Lucky"
Pity poor Karl. He's been insulted.
Laura Bush really doesn't know, does she?
Is Jesus just playing with us?


text:
Ohio Chapter Board
Tony Ruffing, Chair -Tony grew up in Republic, Ohio, a rural town in North Central Ohio about half an hour south of Lake Erie. Growing up in rural America blessed Tony with the opportunity to experience the outdoors by working the land and recreating on it. From early ages of hunting rabbits and raccoons with his father and early deer hunting with his uncle, he knew the outdoors was going to be his first love and a lasting endeavor. Growing up his passions grew from hunting small game behind his parent's home to traveling the state in search of whitetails, turkeys and waterfowl. But all this comes at a cost, and none of it would be possible without our public lands. As a residential contractor, and a cattle farmer, Tony saw and recognized a need for our public lands for our responsible timber harvests and for a healthy competitive beef market.
Jonathan Ingram, Co-Chair -Jonathan is an at-large board member out of Cincinnati, Ohio. He grew up in southern Illinois and spent his childhood running the bluffs and bottoms of the Mississippi River and Shawnee National Forest. Eventually he latched on to an Ohio girl and in 2005 he traded the Mississippi for the Ohio. Jon earns a living providing financial and operations consulting to city and county governments and spends his free time in the woods or on the water. He is a middling hunter and a terrible fisherman, but his enthusiasm is notable. Jon has two young children, Hannah and Oscar, who remind him every day that he owes them a love of the woods. He hopes his work with BHA will help fulfill that debt.
Nathan Voris, Board of Directors - Nathan is a native Ohioan, who returned to the Buckeye state in 2016 after more than a decade away. He is a husband and father of two young boys, who together spend as much time as possible in our public lands and waters. Nathan is a focused river fisherman and a hunting generalist, chasing whatever is in season, often with very little success.
Brandon Skiver, Treasurer -Brandon grew up in Lima Ohio and currently resides in Cardington Ohio with his wife Krista, daughter Ainsley, two dogs and cat. Brandon is a Major in the U.S. Army and serves as a Brigade Logistics Officer. He is an avid outdoorsman who grew up hunting primarily private lands. However, it was in 2015 when he made his first trip out west for an Elk Hunt that he realized something must be done to stand up for our public lands. Brandon is engaged with calling and writing to his local politicians expressing his voice in support of public lands. It is Brandon's goal to ensure that the same public lands we have today will be around for his grandchildren and grandchildren's children. The photo of Brandon is when he finished his first 50K Trail Race in May 2017 at Delaware State Park in Ohio.
Jayson DiGangi, Board of Directors -Growing up in Southern Michigan, one of Jayson's earliest memories is being taught how to hunt and fish. All his life, Jayson has been passionate for hunting and fishing year-round. Whether it be a warm, sunny day out on the lake or -20 below on a frozen piece of pond, Jayson is known to be outdoors. He is often found chasing squirrels and whitetails, too, each time hoping to harvest some of our country's best natural resources.
Since moving to Ohio in 2014, Jayson exclusively uses public lands for his only access to the great outdoors for his hunting and fishing capabilities. This is where his interest in "keeping public lands public" began. Jayson is devoted to help secure the right of keeping public access maintained for all future generations to continue to enjoy and grow their passion to become a avid hunter and fisherman. Jayson is proud to help bring a BHA Chapter to the great state of Ohio.
Always a adrenaline chaser, Jayson has been a Public Safety Sector for the past 10 years as a Firefighter, and Emergency Medical Technician. Today, Jayson is honored to be a emergency medical dispatcher, helping those in need. Jayson resides in Southern Ohio with his other passion in life, his wife Brandy and their four-legged family members.
Tim Rogers, Board of Directors -Tim lives in Circleville Ohio with his wife Deb, daughter Laurel, and their German Shorthair named Barley. Tim has worked as a first responder in emergency services for 15 years. Prior to moving to to Ohio in 2016, Tim and his family lived in East Tennessee, where he was born and raised in the heart of the Cherokee National Forrest. This Region offered a magnitude of diversity, and the opportunities for a "generalist" are endless. Like many others, these opportunities spent on public lands have shaped Tim into the person he is today. Tim is committed and looks forward to preserving and sharing these opportunities with his children, just as his father did with him.
Aaron Blakely, Board of Directors -Aaron grew up in rural Logan County, Ohio, where he currently lives with his wife, Krista. At an early age, Aaron grew accustomed to an outdoorsmen lifestyle by the teachings of his father while also being shown a love of nature by his mother. These correlating ideologies groomed him to become the hunter-conservationist that he is now. When he isn't in the woods chasing whitetails and the ever-elusive turkey, Aaron can be found at Indian Lake, grappling with crappies. Aaron believes that as a public land owner, it is part of his heritage to recreate on and pass down this beautiful resource to future generations.
Henry Distad, Board of Directors -I was raised in Shaker Height Ohio in a non-hunting family. I was always naturally drawn to the outdoors and wildlife. Boy Scouts helped me connect to the outdoors better and would often escape to metro parks to fish, but I always wanted to hunt. I got through hunter and drivers education and would head off to public wildlife areas where I would bumble around the woods trying to figure out how the heck to find small game and even deer hunted handful full of times on my own. Eventually befriended some fellow hunters who helped me become more successful. From the start I was using public lands and waters to feed my outdoor appetite. It wasn't until later in life I came to understand how they came to be, and how unique they are for us. Now living in Geauga County with a wife, a daughter, two sons, a bluetick-mountain cur, and a shitzu-poodle we spend most weekends recreating on county, state, and federal lands and waters. My favorite area to be is in southeastern Ohio hunting and hiking in Wayne and other public lands.
Jacob D. Pries, Board of Directors -Jacob is currently enrolled as a second year law student at the University of Toledo College of Law studying environmental law with the goal of practicing in the area of land conservation. He is also an avid river fisherman and waterfowl hunter.
Benton Collins, Board of Directors -Benton was born and raised in Northwest Ohio in the town of Napoleon. Growing up he enjoyed living near the Maumee River and North Turkeyfoot State Park. His main passion was hunting whitetails and turkeys. After some time away from the outdoors in college, his passion for protecting and enjoying the outdoors has grown, and is looking forward to preserving what we love for generations to come. He now lives West Central Ohio in the town of Minster with his wife Katie, daughter Annora, and their German Shorthair named Willow. He has a new found love for waterfowl hunting and looks forward to helping raise his children to love the outdoors.
Gabe Karns, Board of Directors - Gabe has lived in Ohio for 5 years and works as a wildlife ecologist and researcher for The Ohio State University. He is a husband and father to two daughters. His fascination with the outdoor world stems from his early experiences at the heels of his own father, and he is already passing on that tradition to his family. His passions are bowhunting whitetails in the East, mountain hunting in the West, and relishing the field to fork journey at the dinner table.
Jordan Phillips, Board of Directors -Jordan has been an Ohio resident since 2003. He works for the Division of Wildlife as an Outdoor Skills Specialist in Central Ohio. He is married and has 3 children, two daughters and a son. Jordan has a passion for educating new hunters and anglers on the renewable resources that are readily available on public lands in Ohio. As an avid hunter and angler, Jordan spends his free time pursuing any and all game species that run or swim. He enjoys planning hunting trips to Alaska and chasing Ohio deer and turkey. Through the implementation of hands-on teachings with BHA, Jordan hopes to help educate and share his passion for hunting and fishing on public lands in the state of Ohio.
Grant Fox, Board of Directors -Grant is a Northern Ohio native, born and raised in Galion. He currently lives just outside Athens with his wife Paige, their dogs Bo and Zeus, 14 chickens and several wild whitetail deer that live in the woods and have yet to be informed they are being raised for food. Following high school, he spent two enlistments in the Marine Corps and was honorably discharged in 2016. Once again a free man, Grant decided to pursue a career in his passion, the outdoors. He completed a wilderness guide school in Northern Maine and a wilderness guide and packer school with an outfitter in Northwest Montana. He is now in his second year at Hocking College, pursuing an Associate's degree in Wildlife Resource Management with plans to transfer to Ohio University upon graduation. He currently works for the U.S. Forest Service as a Forestry Research Technician at Vinton Furnace State Experimental Forest. Grant plans to establish a Southeast Ohio based and focused wildlife management company following the completion of a Bachelor's degree in Wildlife Ecology. He hunts, traps, forages and fishes almost completely on the Wayne National Forest and various other state and federal public lands, albeit very unsuccessfully.
Click here to contact the Ohio Chapter Board

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Stablecoin News
CBDC News
DeFi News
Bitcoin Price on Course to $100,000 by 3rd Quarter of 2021, says 10T Holdings Co-founder
Brian Njuguna Jan 13, 2021 08:30 2 Min Read
Bitcoin (BTC) has been undergoing a price correction after it surged to highs of $41,500 recently. It is down by 5.32% in the last 24 hours, trading at $33,800 at the time of writing, according to CoinMarketCap.
Despite experiencing this dip, Dan Tapiero, the co-founder of fintech and digital assets firm 10T Holdings, believes that BTC has not missed a step in its journey of hitting $100,000 by the third quarter of 2021. He explained:
"Looking at 100 trillion USD-Bitcoin chart. So far, kudos. Yes, 100k very possible by Q321 but then SIDEWAYS until 2024! What will bitcoiners do for 3.5 years as mkt hovers around 2-3 trillion mkt value? BTC becomes stable pristine collateral as DAE gets built up around it."
Source: Dan Tapiero Twitter
Based on Tapiero's analysis, after surging to $100k in Q3 of 2021, Bitcoin will be subjected to a ranging market given that it will move sideways until 2024, and this will make the leading cryptocurrency a stable collateral, which will not need any intermediaries.
Therefore, it looks like it's boiling down to a matter of when, not if Bitcoin hits the $100,000 mark. Earlier this month, leading American bank JPMorgan Chase & Co. disclosed that the target price of $146,000 could be breached in the long term if more public support and market share evaded traditional safe-haven asset gold for Bitcoin.
Preaching the holding gospel
Crypto analyst Tone Vays has revealed that BTC's price ought to hold the $31,500 level because a deeper price plunge will see the leading cryptocurrency plummet to the mid $20k range.
Nevertheless, the holding gospel is continuously being preached because some analysts see it as the light at the end of the tunnel in the long term. Crypto trader and technical analyst Michael van de Poppe recently stated that holding Bitcoin for the long term was key because its price is still skewed upwards above the all-time high (ATH) of $20,000 set in December 2017.
His sentiments are echoed by Isaiah Jackson, the co-founder of KRBE digital assets group and author of "Bitcoin & Black America," who believes that BTC is good for the future because it will fix economic injustices. He, therefore, encourages Black investors to jump on the BTC bandwagon. Time will tell what Bitcoin has in store in 2021.
Has Tesla's Elon Musk Been Buying Bitcoin with Michael Saylor's Playbook?
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Series: 2020 Cost of a Data Breach Report
3 Biggest Factors in Data Breach Costs and How To Reduce Them
By Charles DeBeck
The cost of a data breach has increased slightly in the last six years on average. Costs are up 10% since 2014 to $3.86 million, according to the annual Cost of a Data Breach Report, published by IBM Security and based on research conducted by the Ponemon Institute.
Three areas in particular proved to have the biggest cost impact for organizations in the study. Take a look at steps organizations can take to mitigate data breach costs, from security automation and a well-trained incident response capability to securing cloud environments.
Behind the Numbers on Protecting Against a Data Breach
Specifically, the difference between costs for the least prepared organizations in the study and most prepared organizations — those with best practices for proactive, responsive security measures — has grown over the past few years.
The study, based on 524 recent global data breaches, found the average cost of a data breach went down slightly since 2019. This statistic hides a key connection. Organizations that had implemented an advanced security program faced significantly lower average data breach costs. Meanwhile, those without such programs struggled with much higher average costs.
In other words, the savings for investing in cybersecurity have increased.
Here are three major factors that most affect the cost of a 2020 data breach.
Security Automation and Incident Response Work
First, the numbers in this year's report present compelling evidence that having effective, efficient security controls in place protecting against a data breach lower the cost of an attack.
The report shows security automation has a massive impact on the average cost of a data breach. In this research, security automation means enabling security technologies that augment or replace what IT staff normally do. They include any security solution, such as SIEM tool, that uses artificial intelligence, machine learning, analytics and automated orchestration.
According to the report's findings, companies that did not deploy any form of security automation experienced much higher average breach costs and took much longer to identify and contain a breach than those with these technologies fully deployed. The average total cost of a data breach at organizations with fully deployed security automation was $2.45 million, compared with $6.03 million on average for organizations that had not deployed security automation — a difference of $3.58 million.
Incident response (IR) also remained a top cost saver, with trained and tested IR teams contributing to an average $2 million in data breach cost savings.
These benefits increased year over year. In the 2019 report, the cost difference between having no IR team or testing versus a trained and tested team was $1.23 million. The 2020 report's finding of a $2 million difference was a whopping 63% more than 2019.
Despite these findings, many organizations still don't have security automation fully deployed. Only one-fifth of organizations in the study had security automation fully deployed. But more and more companies are making the investment in automating their security. The number of organizations having fully deployed security automation increased from 16% in 2019 to 21% in 2020.
The percentage of companies with no security automation decreased from 48% in 2019 to 41% in 2020. Another 38% of organizations in the 2020 study said they had partially deployed security automation. This is an increase from 36% with security automation partially deployed in the 2019 study.
The vast majority of organizations can still take steps to deploy security automation in their organization. Speed up incident response time, and you might also reduce data breach costs.
Time is Still Money When it Comes to Data Breaches
Why are we seeing this increasing gap between lower cost and higher cost breaches? Time is a big factor. Data breach costs correlate to the amount of time it takes to identify and contain the breach (the data breach lifecycle). In 2020, a breach with a lifecycle of fewer than 200 days on average cost an organization only $3.21 million. But for a lifecycle greater than 200 days, the average cost jumps 30% to $4.33 million.
If longer breaches mean higher costs, it follows that speeding up the identification would lead to lower costs. Security automation, which was associated with much lower data breach costs on average, also sped up the detection and containment of breaches. Organizations with no security automation took more than two months longer to identify and contain a breach. (They took 308 days, compared with 234 days.)
Meanwhile, breach costs accrue over a long period of time. Losses from things like customer turnover and regulatory and legal fines can extend breach costs. Only 61% of breach costs occur in the first year on average. Therefore, organizations need to be ready to pay for data breaches for years, not months, after the event.
This changes for highly regulated organizations in industries such as finance and healthcare. In the 2020 study, those highly regulated organizations experienced 44% of costs in the first year and 21% of the cost more than two years later. In less regulated industries, 77% of breach costs accrued in the first year. These groups felt just 8% of costs more than two years after the breach.
Cloud-Based Expertise Pays Dividends
One other trend in this year's report shows that organizations need to be very aware of their cloud security. Cloud misconfigurations tied for the most frequent source of data breaches, accounting for 19% of the breaches caused by malicious attacks. In addition, organizations that suffered a data breach during a cloud transition had an average breach cost of $4.13 million, or $267,000 higher data breach costs on average.
Cloud environments provide organizations with a myriad of security benefits and can help reduce security system complexity. This, in turn, may speed up response times to incidents. Migrating to the cloud is an absolute win for many organizations, but this study also tells us that companies need to do cloud migration right. Using managed security services was one of the factors that can mitigate the average cost of a data breach.
Discover More in the Cost of a Data Breach Report
The Cost of a Data Breach Report can help you decide where to efficiently allocate your security spend to minimize the costs of a data breach. Register for the report to use interactive tools, explore the data and access key findings and recommendations.
Cost of a Data Breach | Data Breach
Charles DeBeck
Senior Cyber Threat Intelligence Analyst - IBM
Charles DeBeck is a senior cyber threat intelligence strategic analyst with IBM X-Force Incident Response and Intelligence Services (IRIS). Charles brings 7 ...


You've probably heard me talk about the importance of choosing organic produce and products before?
See, while toxins increase your risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes, they also disrupt your hormones.
How… and where do we get exposed?
An article in the journal Toxicology Letters found we are exposed to PFC's through food packing materials, nonstick cookware, protective coatings for paper, stain resistant chemicals on carpets and couches and waterproof and breathable textiles.
These chemicals are known hormonal disrupters that can interfere with oestrogen and androgen receptors, cause an irregular menstrual cycle and negatively affect our crucial thyroid hormones including thyroid stimulation hormone (TSH), total triiodothyronine (TT3) and thyroid binding globulin (TBG).
A herbicide – also known as a weed killer – can alter hormonal health, too.
With a 100-fold increase in the use of glyphosate (the active ingredient in Round-Up) over the past four decades, there are measurable concentrations of this herbicide in our foods and, commonly, us.
It's scary but glyphosate residues were found in 90.3% of 300 soybean samples and there are higher glyphosate residues in 25% of sampled bread.
So there is a good chance our exposure comes from what we put in our mouths.
This chemical has been proven to be toxic to genes, to have both anti-oestrogenic and anti-androgenic effects, and to impact on the important ability of the body to convert androgens to oestrogens.
A pesticide is used to kill pests.
Collateral damage, as they say.
Our hormones take a beating, too.
Plus, they increase the risk of breast cancer.
While the use of its parent Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) has been deregulated in Australia, it is still in use by our neighbour countries and the wind and water are able to deliver this chemical to our shores.
Just like a backpack with 20 bricks instead of one, it takes a heavier toll.
Chemicals can significantly disrupt our hormones, so we need to ensure we protect ourselves as best we can.


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Rights This resource is provided for educational purposes only. Media is owned by the Peoria Historical Society or other persons/entities; images may not be downloaded, reproduced, or distributed in any format without written permission. Any attempt to download, copy in any manner, and/or circumvent the access controls placed on these files is a violation of United States and international copyright laws and is subject to criminal prosecution. For more information, contact the Special Collections Center of the Bradley University Library: (309) 677-2822, or, frey@bradley.edu.


So I wonder if these things are okay? Because when I was little, I didn't have too much interest on cartoon characters. I get paranoid when I read horrible stories about Barney. But you know, I believe that a child will grow well with proper guidance.
Speaking of Dora, I wanted to dress my daughter for the Moon Festival Celebration on October 3rd. But she wants to wear a Chinese dress with Dora prints! Uh-oh.


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Some days, it seems like students become bears.
No, I am not talking about the cutesy refreshment drinking polar bears. We're talking approach with caution, grumpy, ready for hibernation bears. On those days, I spend more time refereeing than teaching.
I wonder what has happened to my class?
When these days occur, I remind myself to specifically teach and model the essentials of a caring classroom culture: acceptance of selves and others, emphatic listening, and positive conflict resolution.
What then can we do to establish this culture so that students will no longer be grouchy and figuratively furry?
2. Recognize positive behavior: an I Spy mailbox, paper chain, etc. Teach your students to "catch" others being good. Everyone loves being recognized. And we, as teachers, with so much to juggle, don't always have the brain space to celebrate the excellent behavior that occurs in our classroom. Let's your students do the work for you!
3. Become an observer of student disagreements. When students argue, make them face each other and talk it out before you ever say a word. I teach mine this structure, "When this happens…. I feel… And I wish that…" This eliminates most of the accusatory statements, but still allows a student to communicate how they feel.
4. Have a heart attack. Not a literal one. Have students draw a heart on a notecard. Write something nice to a teacher, a student you know needs a pick me up, or a school official. Try to sneak the hearts to them as a class. (Half the fun is not getting caught!) Students love this and it is a quick break that gets them excited.
5. Give them a break. Take your kids outside for 5 minutes and go cloud watching. Let them imagine what the playground would be like with no gravity. Or, sit on the ground and think of what you would do if you were an ant. Sometimes, students just don't get along because they are feeling so much pressure. Let them share ideas without the pressure of being right or wrong.
6. Read, read, read. Yes, even you Math teacher. Find books, quotes, Pinterest pins, poems, memes, newspaper cartoons. Whatever you can get your hands on that models the behaviors you want to see.
Here are some book ideas to get you started!
Now go forth and change your grizzly bears into teddy bears!
Do you have any ways you like to add kindness to your classroom? Tell me about it in the comments below.


text:
Q: Whitelabel error page on the first server hit- Spring Boot I am following the basic Spring Boot application steps to setup the basic Spring Boot app. Have created REST controller as required. After running the application, however, I get this text on localhost:8080- "Whitelabel Error Page
This application has no explicit mapping for /error,
so you are seeing this as a fallback.
Thursday Nov 07 01:41:42 IST 2019
There was an unexpected error (type=Not Found, status=404).
No message available "
Tried adding another callback method apart from the '/' mapping, but it gives the same error.
Controller code:
    @RestController
        public class TestController {
        @RequestMapping(value = "/")
         public String home() {
          return "Spring boot is working!";
         }

         @RequestMapping("/testing")
         public String testing() {
          return "Spring boot is working!";
         }

A: Explicit @ComponentScan doesn't require if your Application class annotated with @SpringBootApplication is in root and others are sub packages of it.

A: Try putting in below class level annotation in your main class:
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {(name of your controller package)}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Home Acts Stilt walkers Narnia stilt walkers & The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe stilt walkers
Back Next: Giraffe stilt walker
Stilt walkers: Narnia stilt walkers & The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe stilt walkers
Step into Narnia with our enchanting Narnia themed stilt walkers.
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text:
Anonymous Group Prays on Intenet Giants Fax Machines
14th Dec 17:27
After fighting the mighty forces of Visa, Mastercard, PayPal and Amazon with online-based DDoS attacks, Anonymous have changed their methods slightly.
In what has been described by experts as the "first fax DDoS attack", the hacktivists have targeted the humble fax machine, turning it into a weapon against their enemies.
The members of the group, as part of their new operation Mission: Leakflood, have been encouraged to spam fax messages to Visa, Mastercard, PayPal, Moneybookers, Amazon and Tableu Software. The messages contain leaked WikiLeaks cables and pictures of Guy Fawkes, an image often associated with the Group.
Paul Mutton of Netcraft commented: "This latest campaign by the Anonymous group is analogous to the distributed denial of service attacks it has been carrying out against websites over the past week. In essence, this has turned into a DDoS attack against fax machines."
Sean-Paul Correll of Panda Labs also remarked: "It is the first fax DDoS I have ever seen."
According to The Register, Anonymous previously used "fax-flooding" before when they attacked The Church of Scientology.
Return to security news headlines
View Security News Archive
Want to find out more about IT security?
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I wonder if a R-Shiny application works well for a production environment or the only option is C++. I make this question taking in account that R and C++ have a widely set of quant libraries that other languages like Java or Python doesn't have.
R makes a fine environment for quantitative research. Same case with Python. For further information on R versus Python for quant finance, see Is R being replaced by Python at quant desks?
As far as entire production-level algorithmic trading systems go, no. For execution R is generally not used but rather the alpha model in R is integrated into an execution model.
It depends on the frequency of the strategy, however. Online models are ones that are updated in real time, this is more common on lower frequency levels of trading (you cannot have an online model for HFT as it is too latency constrained). In this case, sure you could have an execution program in R however that only increases the complexity of the system because it will involve writing some wrapper in R to communicate with an exchange API since most exchanges (as far as I know) aren't as R-friendly with respect to execution.
The impracticality of using R (and Python) for everything increases as a function of trade frequency. For higher frequency algorithms developed in R, coefficients from the alpha model developed in R are injected and taken as arguments into an execution program in C++.
There is no need to stick with one language for everything.
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged programming finance quantitative or ask your own question.
Is R being replaced by Python at quant desks?
Which brokers offer a Python stock trading API?
Is Wolfram Mathematica a suitable tool for quant?
When people say that C++ is overly complicated, does that also hold for its application in Quant finance?


I have trained at Dance Industry Performing Arts Center under Christy Wolverton-Ryzman since I was six years old. In addition, I started training at Booker T. Washington High School for the Performing and Visual Arts my sophomore year of high school.
Watching other artists inspires me, whether they are my close friends or professionals I have never met before. I love watching people in their zone doing what they are most passionate about, and that inspires me to continue to train hard and develop my own artistry.
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Home / LEGENDS / Etta James 1/2012
Posted on January 19, 2013 July 6, 2018 by Johan Ramakers — Leave a comment
Etta James 1/2012
January 20, 2012 – Etta James was born Jamesetta Hawkins on January 25th 1938 in Los Angeles, California, but due to her 14 year old mother Dorothy Hawkins, being often absent, Etta lived with a series of caregivers, most notably 'Sarge' and 'Mama' Lu. Her father was long gone, and young James Etta never knew for sure who he was, although she recalled her mother telling her that he was the celebrated pool player Rudolf Wanderone, better known as Minnesota Fats.
She sang at the church from the age of 5 and at home was beaten and forced by Sarge to sing in the early hours at drunken poker games. She began singing at the St. Paul Baptist Church in Los Angeles at 5 and turned to secular music as a teenager, forming a vocal group with two friends. In 1950 after Mama Lu died, Etta's real mother took her to the Fillmore, in San Francisco.
Within a couple of years, Etta inspired by doo-wop, formed a girl group, called the Creolettes. Johnny Otis took the group under his wing, helping them sign to Modern Records and changing their name to the Peaches and gave Etta her stage name, reversing Jamesetta into Etta James.
She was 15 when she made her first record, "Roll With Me Henry,"which set her own lyrics to the tune of Hank Ballard and the Midnighters' recent hit "Work With Me Annie." When some disc jockeys complained that the title was too suggestive, it was changed to "The Wallflower," although the record itself was not.
"The Wallflower" rose to No. 2 on the rhythm-and-blues charts in 1954. As was often the case in those days with records by black performers, a toned-down version was soon recorded by a white singer and found a wider audience: Georgia Gibbs's version, with the title and lyric changed to "Dance With Me, Henry," was a No. 1 pop hit in 1955. (Its success was not entirely bad news for Ms. James. She shared the songwriting royalties with Mr. Ballard and the bandleader and talent scout Johnny Otis, who had arranged for her recording session. (Johnny Otis died days earlier on January 17.)
In 1960 Ms. James was signed by Chess Records, the Chicago label that was home to Chuck Berry, Muddy Waters and other leading lights of black music. She quickly had a string of hits, including "All I Could Do Was Cry," "Trust in Me" and "At Last," which established her as Chess's first major female star.
She remained with Chess well into the 1970s, reappearing on the charts after a long absence in 1967 with the funky and high-spirited "Tell Mama." In the late '70s and early '80s she was an opening act for the Rolling Stones.
After decades of touring, recording for various labels and drifting in and out of the public eye, Ms. James found herself in the news in 2009 after Beyoncé Knowles recorded a version of "At Last" closely modeled on hers. (Ms. Knowles played Ms. James in the 2008 movie "Cadillac Records," a fictionalized account of the rise and fall of Chess.) Ms. Knowles also performed "At Last" at an inaugural ball for President Obama in Washington.
When the movie was released, Ms. James had kind words for Ms. Knowles's portrayal. But in February 2009, referring specifically to the Washington performance, she told an audience, "I can't stand Beyoncé," and threatened to "whip" the younger singer for doing "At Last." She later said she had been joking, but she did add that she wished she had been invited to sing the song herself for the new president.
Ms. James's survivors include her husband of 42 years, Artis Mills; two sons, Donto and Sametto James; and four grandchildren. Though her life had its share of troubles to the end — her husband and sons were locked in a long-running battle over control of her estate, which was resolved in her husband's favor only weeks before her death — Ms. James said she wanted her music to transcend unhappiness rather than reflect it.
"A lot of people think the blues is depressing," she told The Los Angeles Times in 1992, "but that's not the blues I'm singing. When I'm singing blues, I'm singing life. People that can't stand to listen to the blues, they've got to be phonies."
Through her career she earned some awards from organizations such as the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum and the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences which organizes the Grammys.
In 1989, the newly formed Rhythm and Blues Foundation included James in their first Pioneer Awards for artists whose "lifelong contributions have been instrumental in the development of Rhythm & Blues music". The following year, 1990, she received an NAACP Image Award, which is given for "outstanding achievements and performances of people of color in the arts"; an award she cherished as it "was coming from my own people".
Etta James transitioned from leukemia five days before her 74th birthday on 20 January 2012.
Categories: LEGENDS, VOCALISTS
Tags: 2012, 73, leukemia, r&b, rock-n-roll divas
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Some people seem to accomplish it all… quality time with their families, a strong performance at work, time spent on hobbies and personal pursuits, and completion of the necessary chores and errands of everyday life. How do they manage to achieve so much, often seemingly without effort? While reaching peak productiveness requires a range of good lifestyle habits and a positive outlook on life, one thing that most productive people share in common is a bedtime routine that not only eases them into quality sleep, it also readies them for a strong start on the following day. If you'd like to accomplish more, it can't hurt to adopt some of their most common bedtime habits into your own nighttime routine.
Instead of zoning out on a Netflix binge or racking up points in Candy Crush, most productive and successful people spend time reading before bed. While they might often read books or articles related to their work, they also enjoy fiction and nonfiction on a wide range of topics. Not only is reading a great way to immerse yourself in another world, learn about the world you live in or expand your knowledge on any topic imaginable, it also increases your creativity, vocabulary and general thinking skills. For the best sleep, stick with old-fashioned paper books and magazines, or use an e-reader that is not backlit—glowing screens inhibit your brain's production of melatonin, the hormone that regulates your sleep cycle.
Would you like to spend your time effectively? Then take a page out of the most productive people's handbooks, and plan and prioritize the next day's activities before you go to bed each night. Whether you use an electronic planner on your phone or computer, or simply write a to-do list on a small pad of paper, the act of reviewing your schedule lets you see at a glance what you must accomplish, what you MIGHT be able to accomplish and what is better left for another day.
You've heard the saying and you know it's true, "No one on their deathbed ever wished they'd spent more time at the office and less with their family." Truly successful people are just that: successful in all aspects of life, not just monetarily. Although there will always be days (or weeks, or even months) when demands of work take more time than you'd like, your family deserves more than just your "spare" time. Take at least a few minutes each night to talk to your teenaged child — even if you don't get much more than a grunt in reply—read a bedtime story to your toddler or listen to your spouse talk about his day. Those are the moments that ground you, refresh you and help you face life's many demands.
A quiet mind is the forerunner to a good night's sleep. Productive people know that it isn't always easy to shut off daytime worries when it's time for nighttime re-energizing, so they practice some form of mind taming before bed. That might be as simple as a few minutes spent praying, reflecting on the many things you have to be grateful for, or writing in a journal. Or your bedtime mind soother might be a regular meditation or yoga routine. It doesn't really matter which you choose, as long as it works for you, you practice it regularly and it leaves you feeling soothed, not stressed.
Productive people don't get that way by dragging themselves through the day, eyes open only thanks to an overly large cup of coffee. Instead, they make sure to get enough sleep each night. Sure, there are always going to be occasional lapses—vacations, work projects, illnesses and family demands can all wreak havoc on your sleep time. But as a general rule, those who make a productive day a priority know that it takes a regular seven-to-eight-hours of quality sleep every night to make that happen.


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Amulette de Cartier bracelet, large model, 18K yellow gold, set with 188 brilliant-cut diamonds totaling 4.85 carats, onyx, black lacquer. Diameter of motif: 35 mm.
Amulette de Cartier, an enchanting collection of colorful lucky pieces symbolizing a myriad of wishes. This collection consists of natural gemstones, each one different and unique, each carrying a wish promising to be revealed. The contrast of materials unites the simplicity and elegance of the talisman??s polished curves, closing like a padlock to hold luck and unlock your wishes.


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There will come a day in the near future when there will be no more gamers. Not because they'll have killed each other in some Grand Theft Auto-induced mass rampage, but rather because the term "gamer" will be irrelevant. Much like how we do not call people who view TV shows "watchers," or those that enjoy music as "listeners," playing games will become similarly as pervasive and commonplace as to render the "gamer" distinction archaic.
At DICE in Las Vegas, game design guru - and former Disney Imagineer - Jesse Schell blew the socks off the assembled games industry veterans with his preview of the future of gaming and engagement. Schell posited that, in short, we'll be playing games on the back of our cereal box as we eat breakfast each morning and scoring points each time we high-five our buddy. It was a rare and cogent attempt to describe a future where everyone is a gamer - and everything is a game.
But never mind the future, current examples and basic statistics are clearly pointing us in this direction. From the revelation that nearly 70 percent of US households play computer and videogames, to the estimated $50 billion+ in global retail game sales, or even the 11.5 million worldwide subscribers to World of Warcraft, or that Apple's App Store boasts over 20,000 games for download, or how social network game developer PlayFish's user database grew to 50 million unique players in under 20 months - games are all around us.
That's just looking at what one might call the mainstream, or the traditional notion of the games business. Most games industry outsiders view the business as fitting into a tidy box that includes, well, the Xbox along with the other consoles, perhaps portable devices like the Nintendo DS, and maybe acknowledge that there's some game stuff going on via the Internet. The reality is that the games industry is not a single industry anymore, but a vibrant ecosystem of activity across a broad spectrum of technical platforms, distribution mechanisms and business models.
In one corner of this ecosystem are more serious games, where game tech and design aesthetics are used in such applications as corporate training or health care. Another pocket of the ecosystem boasts passion-driven indie pursuits created in Flash and uploaded to the web for all to enjoy freely. Yet another pocket is the use of mixed-mode games, or "alternate reality games," for highly engaging and often covert marketing campaigns. Not to mention the online virtual worlds kids can log into after getting a new stuffed animal from grandma. Games were used in the run-ups to the past two US presidential elections, and, similarly, a whole genre of games called persuasive games are politically driven explorations of current affairs.
While some of these activities represent better business opportunities than others, a key point is that game technologies and techniques are being commoditized (in terms of one's ability to create and distribute a game) and simultaneously being elevated to a viable form of artistic expression, able to address the full range of the human condition.


text:
Please send a letter to the Hon. Justin Trudeau and Hon...
Please consider sending this letter or your own version...
Canadian organizations concerned with Canada- Mercosur ...
Please send a letter to the Hon. Justin Trudeau and Hon. Chrystia Freeland letting them know Canada should not be leading efforts in the Lima Group
Re: My opposition to Canada's role in the Lima Group
Hon. Justin Trudeau, MP
Ottawa, ON. K1A 0A2
Hon. Chrystia Freeland, MP
Minister of Foreign Affairs
Global Affairs Canada
Ottawa, ON. K1A 0G2
Dear Prime Minister Trudeau and Minister Freeland,
I am writing to express my concern with Canada's role in the current crisis in Venezuela, and its leadership within the Lima Group which met in Ottawa on February 4th.
I believe Canada's role should be supporting dialogue and peace in Venezuela, not undemocratic regime change. Canada is a member state of the Organization of American States (OAS) and must abide by the principle of sovereignty and non-intervention as enshrined in Article 19 of the OAS Charter:
No State or group of States has the right to intervene, directly or indirectly, for any reason whatever, in the internal or external affairs of any other State. The foregoing principle prohibits not only armed force but also any other form of interference or attempted threat against the personality of the State or against its political, economic, and cultural elements.
Canada has taken a leadership role within the Lima Group, which was formed within the Organization of American States (OAS) only after OAS Secretary General Luis Almagro and a small number of members failed to achieve their interventionist agenda within that body. In 2016, OAS Secretary General Luis Almagro sought unsuccessfully to persuade a majority of the 34 OAS member states to vote to invoke the InterAmerican Democratic Charter to condemn, and then suspend, Venezuela from the OAS for what it considered anti-democratic actions by the Maduro administration. Undeterred by this failure, and with the encouragement of the US, Almagro initiated the Lima Group, comprised of mostly of right -wing governments, including repressive and anti-democratic regional allies in Brazil, Honduras and Guatemala.
Despite numerous declarations couched in terms of "peace and democracy", the Lima Group has consistently opposed compromise and dialogue and has pressed for regime change in Venezuela. This 'regime change' objective of the Lima Group violates Art 2 (4) of the UN Charter:
All Members shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state, or in any other manner inconsistent with the Purposes of the United Nations.
Mr. Jazairy, who is the UN Special Rapporteur on the negative impact of the unilateral coercive measures on the enjoyment of human rights, insists that such "coercion" by outside powers "is in violation of all norms of international law". The UN expert called on the international community to engage in constructive dialogue with Venezuela to find solutions to problems facing the country.
I strongly oppose the Government of Canada's participation in the Lima Group which is supporting the US led coup in Venezuela.
Send this letter to the Hon. Justin Trudeau and Hon. Chrystia Freeland
Canada has taken a leadership role within the Lima Group, which was formed within the Organization of American States (OAS) only after OAS Secretary General Luis Almagro and a small number of members failed to achieve their interventionist agenda within that body. In 2016, OAS Secretary General Luis Almagro sought unsuccessfully to persuade a majority of the 34 OAS member states to vote to invoke the InterAmerican Democratic Charter to condemn, and then suspend, Venezuela from the OAS for what it considered anti-democratic actions by the Maduro administration. Undeterred by this failure, and with the encouragement of the US, Almagro initiated the Lima Group, comprised of mostly of right-wing governments, including repressive and anti-democratic regional allies in Brazil, Honduras and Guatemala.
I WANT TO RECEIVE MORE INFO. ABOUT VENEZUELA.
BCC yourself
if you want to receive more info. about Venezuela.
PreviousCanada vs. Venezuela: The Background Gets Even Murkier
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URGENT ACTION: Ref: Berta Cáceres Flores, some will be jailed, but there will be no justice.
Please consider sending this letter or your own version to the Prime Minister's Office letting him know you reject the coup in Bolivia and stand for Democracy.
URGENT ACTION: Dear Honorable Judge Nelson Missias de Morais,
Urgent Action: Violence Against Protesters in Buenaventura


text:
Fuentesaúco de Fuentidueña es un municipio y localidad española de la provincia de Segovia, en la comunidad autónoma de Castilla y León.

Geografía

La localidad de Fuentesaúco de Fuentidueña se encuentra situada en la zona central de la península ibérica, en el extremo norte de la provincia de Segovia, y tiene una superficie de 25,85 km².

Clima
El clima de Fuentesaúco de Fuentidueña es mediterráneo continentalizado, como consecuencia de la elevada altitud y su alejamiento de la costa, sus principales características son:

 La temperatura media anual es de 11,40 °C con una importante oscilación térmica entre el día y la noche que puede superar los 20 °C. Los inviernos son largos y fríos, con frecuentes nieblas y heladas, mientras que los veranos son cortos y calurosos, con máximas en torno a los 30 °C, pero mínimas frescas, superando ligeramente los 13 °C.

 Las precipitaciones anuales son escasas (451,60mm) pero se distribuyen de manera relativamente equilibrada a lo largo del año excepto en el verano que es la estación más seca (72,80mm). Las montañas que delimitan la meseta retienen los vientos y las lluvias, excepto por el Oeste, donde la ausencia de grandes montañas abre un pasillo al Océano Atlántico por el que penetran la mayoría de las precipitaciones que llegan a Fuentesaúco de Fuentidueña.

En la Clasificación climática de Köppen se corresponde con un clima Csb (oceánico mediterráneo), una transición entre el Csa (mediterráneo) y el Cfb (oceánico) producto de la altitud. A diferencia del mediterráneo presenta un verano más suave, pero al contrario que en el oceánico hay una estación seca en los meses más cálidos.

Historia

Integrado en la Comunidad de Villa y Tierra de Fuentidueña.

El actual municipio de Cozuelos de Fuentidueña, se incorporó al municipio de Fuentesaúco de Fuentidueña en 1969. En 1972 Cozuelos de Fuentidueña se constituye en Entidad Local Menor, y, posteriormente, se volvió a constituir en municipio independiente en 1982.

Demografía
La población de Fuentesaúco de Fuentidueña ha ido experimentando un importante descenso desde hace años debido al éxodo rural, especialmente significativo fue el periodo de 1960 a 1980, en que se redujo a menos de la mitad su número de habitantes debido a la emigración hacia las grandes ciudades, especialmente Madrid y Valladolid, sin embargo, a partir de los años ochenta, este descenso se desacelera debido principalmente a la reducción del ritmo migratorio.

Símbolos

El escudo heráldico y la bandera que representan al municipio fueron aprobados oficialmente el . El escudo se blasona de la siguiente manera:

La descripción textual de la bandera es la siguiente:

Administración y política

Servicios
 Cuartel de la Guardia Civil
 Centro Médico
 Escuela de primaria
 Piscina Municipal

Cultura

Patrimonio
 Iglesia de Santo Domingo de Silos

Fiestas
 17 de enero, festividad de San Antón
 2 de febrero, festividad de las Candelas
 15 de mayo, festividad de San Isidro Labrador
 21 de junio, festividad de la Virgen de la Olma
 22 de junio, festividad de San Eusebio
 20 de diciembre, festividad de Santo Domingo de Silos

Véase también
 Señorío de Fuentidueña
 Condado de Fuentidueña
 Comunidad de Villa y Tierra de Fuentidueña
 Diputación Provincial de Segovia
 Municipios de Segovia
 VC - Valtiendas
 IGP - Lechazo de Castilla y León
 IGP - Cochinillo de Segovia

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Municipios de la provincia de Segovia
Localidades de la provincia de Segovia
Fuentesaúco de Fuentidueña

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


These fruity buttons made by Original beans doesn't just taste good, it does good. With every purchase of an Original Beans 2kg bag, 20 trees are planted to help replenish the environment in Peru save save the butterflies and the delicious cocoa beans that grow from its branches.
If this isn't enough to persuade you, this bar is also extremely delicious. Whether you need a sweet and fruity midday treat or the perfect gift for someone special.
Original Beans gives all chocolate lovers the taste of the earth's rarest places. They travel the world in search for the rarest and most delicious beans to bring to all foodies and environmentally conscious consumers. They believe in chocolate that maintains its natural environment instead of harming it. It all starts in one place, without the foundations, there's no chocolate.
For every bag sold, a 20 seeds are planted to protect the cocoa beans habitat and empower local farmers and their families. All at the same time, this protects the environment, boosts the economy and preserves the heritage for many future generations.
This scheme has preserved over 1,000,000 trees in the cocoa origins.
These buttons gives notes of lemon, red berry and passionfruit. It's truly a fruity treat!


text:
✅ British Journal of Dermatology
British Journal of Dermatology
British Journal of Dermatology Abbreviation
British Journal of Dermatology ISSN
British Journal of Dermatology Impact Factor
British Journal of Dermatology CiteScore
British Journal of Dermatology SJR
British Journal of Dermatology Acceptance Rate
British Journal of Dermatology Abstract & Indexing
British Journal of Dermatology FAQ
British Journal of Dermatology - BJD is a top-ranked worldwide dermatology journal, encouraging submissions from across the globe. It publishes the highest quality research that advances the understanding and management of skin disease. BJD has distinct sections for clinical trials, epidemiology, qualitative and outcomes research, evidence-based dermatology, and translational research. Original articles are accompanied by a commentary from an expert in the field, plain language summary, journal club slides and an author video. Median time from submission to first decision is 2 days without external peer review and 23 days with peer review.
The BJD strives to publish the highest-quality dermatological research. In so doing, the Journal aims to advance the understanding, management and treatment of skin disease in order to improve the outcomes of patient care. The main focus of the BJD (described in a position statement published in the June 2015 issue) is to publish the highest-quality research encompassing the following:
Clinical trials that are registered before recruitment starts and report fully according to the CONSORT guidelines.
Clinical studies that include epidemiology, qualitative research and mixed methods that conform to the STROBE and SRQR reporting guidelines.
Translational research that describes basic and applied science of potential clinical relevance.
Systematic reviews following the PRISMA statement (http://www.prisma-statement.org/ ), MOOSE guidelines or the ENTREQ statement.
The BJD invites submissions under a broad scope of topics relevant to clinical and experimental research as described in the position statement. The Journal publishes original articles, Reviews, Clinical Guidelines, Research Letters, Perspectives, Case Reports and items of correspondence.
The BJD is an official organ of the British Association of Dermatologists, but attracts contributions from dermatology researchers throughout the world. The BJD editorial board and editorial team include outstanding clinical academics, scientists and clinicians from across the globe. The circulation and readership of the BJD are equally international. The overriding criteria for publication are scientific merit, originality and interest to a multidisciplinary audience.
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HEED: Health Economic Evaluations Database (Wiley-Blackwell)
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British Journal of Dermatology Details
Journal Name British Journal of Dermatology
Journal Abbreviation British Journal of Dermatology Abbreviation
Impact Factor British Journal of Dermatology Impact Factor
CiteScore British Journal of Dermatology CiteScore
Acceptance Rate British Journal of Dermatology Acceptance Rate
SCImago Journal Rank British Journal of Dermatology SJR (SCImago Journal Rank)
Submit Manuscript British Journal of Dermatology Website
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Established in 1858, the Illinois Natural History Survey (INHS) conducts research and collects data around the world with biological collections of over 9 million specimens including insects, fish, plants, annelids, mollusks, fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals, fungi, and crustaceans. INHS documents the biological resources of Illinois and the rest of the world in order to better understand the complex relationships between people and the changing environment.
The INHS team consists of over 200 scientists and technicians, and continues to provide information as the leading source for biological resources in the state of Illinois and surrounding areas. This organization works toward creating a better understanding of biological diversity in Illinois and the world. Compilations of data and analyses serve as strong resources of information to both the science community and general public.
As part of CSI, INHS continues to promote healthy and sustainable ecological and biological societies. This organization promotes the common goal of conservation and appreciation of natural resources.