When looking for the right SD-WAN architecture to implement, it's important to consider your specific network and the traffic it experiences.
Editor's note: As software-defined WAN (SD-WAN) do-it-yourself and managed services continue to emerge, enterprises begin to wonder if a particular SD-WAN architecture will take the lead as the preferred design. In this podcast, ZK Research founder and principal analyst Zeus Kerravala addresses the issue of finding the right SD-WAN architecture to support your deployment.
Whether there is an optimal architecture for SD-WAN is an interesting question. The answer is really no, but here are a few points that can help you make the best decision for your environment.
It's important to note that flexibility is one of the main benefits of SD-WAN architecture. Traditional WANs were built with a single architectural model called a hub and spoke that everybody had to use. In a hub-and-spoke network design, all critical services were deployed in the data center or the hub, and all branches connected over the WAN link or the spokes. This meant all traffic went through the hub, and bandwidth was used inefficiently because backup connections could only activate if the primary network failed. In a sense, businesses were paying for twice the bandwidth they really needed. While not optimal, this method worked OK, because critical resources like applications and data were in the company data center, which the network was optimized for.
Now fast forward to today. It's about 30 years since this architecture was developed, and everything has changed. We have far more use of cloud and peer-to-peer traffic, which is driving the need for a different type of SD-WAN architecture. There's a higher level of direct internet traffic and mesh traffic resulting from cloud and peer-to-peer use. This makes the environment much more complicated, as there are more connections to be made.
Luckily, most SD-WAN options can be managed from a centralized GUI (graphical user interface), instead of managing everything from a command line and touching every box. Also, things like meshing can be done dynamically. For example, let's say you have two people in two different branches wanting to make a video call. Historically, all traffic would go through the spokes, through the hub and back up the other spoke. That was an inefficient way to do it. Now, you can set up a policy that states, "If I'm making a video call, dynamically create a tunnel between the two locations, and once the video call is done, tear it down."
We are not architecturally setting up a fully meshed network, but we're setting up the capability to automate the mesh connections when we need them. So for questions about what architecture that best supports an SD-WAN deployment or what's the best SD-WAN architecture, there really is no best architecture, per se; every organization is going to be different.
The key is to understand what WAN traffic patterns look like. For example, consider cloud traffic volume, or how much voice, video, branch-to-branch, peer-to-peer or mobile traffic you have. Then use those traffic patterns to build the optimal architecture for your enterprise. Again, that architecture is going to change over time. So, you want the ability to be able to manage centrally and dynamically create automated network policies. Keep in mind, you need to watch how traffic changes and adjust accordingly. It's probably a good idea to study traffic patterns quarterly.
As you go about architecting your network, understand it is going to change, and really, no matter how you architect it today, there is no right answer. But if you have the right policies and the right dynamic network connections being created, then the architecture, in a way, will follow the applications. That's ultimately what you want.
Is your organization contemplating SD-WAN managed services? Here are the questions you should be asking.
What SD-WAN architectures has your organization deployed to create a more flexible and efficient wide area network?


No account of the life of Jesus would be complete without a tribute to his mother, Mary, who had to endure the terrifying joys and ultimate agony of bearing and sacrificing the Son of God.
In the past forty years several separate (and often ingenious!)indications were given to me that her true date of birth was not September 8th as celebrated by the Roman church, but August 4th; and eventually the penny dropped and her nativity was revealed in all its glory.


Now I'm back from holidays I thought I'd dedicate some love and time to ASVF.
I've added some new pages!
And included a Press page if you want to see what I've been up to.
I'm enjoying eating again after ending the juice fast. It's not quite the same as before, I'm much more satisfied with fresh raw fruit and veg, my taste buds are much more sensitive and I can even smell salt on other peoples food! I'm not quite so obsessed with food either- I'm not thinking about what to cook for dinner while I'm eating lunch. Actually I've had a hard time trying to decide what to eat because it all sounds nice but the intense desires for specific foods have completely vanished. Fingers crossed it stays this way!
I'm currently testing out some extremely low calorie konjac noodles that I will be reviewing shortly...and I've organised a giveaway for you!
If there's anything else you would like to see changed/added please let me know. I'm always open to constructive criticism.


consulting projects from beginning to end. The Jr. PM will be regularly interacting with the account, design and development teams while assisting them through their process. This indivdiual will be working with a wide variety of creative, tech and digitally focused professionals, ensuring the projects delivered are on-time and top quality. There is plenty of room to grow and learn in this position!


Retrospecticus is the Professional Events Band You've Been Waiting For!
Our band is made up of experienced professional musicians with decades of experience playing in many settings for different events. That means that we are ready to handle almost any contingency and keep the party rolling.
We know that your event is very important and that you've spent a lot of time planning for it. That's why we respond quickly to emails and phone calls, being sure to maintain good communication with our clients before, during, and after events.
We use high quality audio equipment and a professional sound person to be sure that the quality of our sound is outstanding without having to compensate with volume. We want you to enjoy the show without having to shout!


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C-131 cockpit restoration
One of the more interesting projects we finished was the meticulous restoration of a historically significant C-131 Cockpit for a movie. Every gauge and switch had to be perfect and match the original photos.
This particular C-131 could trace its history back to Dwight Eisenhower who used the airplane as his personal transport aircraft. It was "Air Force One" before that became the standard for Presidential Air Travel.
The airplane was eventually scrapped by the US Air Force Museum at Wright Patterson AFB, but the forward section of the airplane was saved. Unfortunately, it was left outside in a midwest field for many years. The weather and animals took their toll on the old bird, so what was left was a mess. The teams job was to restore the cockpit to original condition including period correct gauges and instruments.The restoration took about 3 months and the results were amazing.
Posted by Aero Telemetry at 1:42 PM No comments:
The Hughes XF-11
The XF-11
The Hughes XF-11 used two of the most powerful airplane engines on earth, had a 100 + foot wingspan and weighed nearly 58,000 lbs. It was flown by Howard Hughes in 1946 to try and become the highest flying and fastest reconnaissance airplane in the world. His first test flight resulted in a crash because of a propeller failure and nearly cost Hughes his own life. The flight and crash of the airplane are well documented in The Aviator.
For the flyable sequences in The Aviator it was required that a very convincing and flyable airplane had to be built. The Aero Telemetry XF-11's mission was to fly safely at extended ranges such that realistic flight sequences could be viewed and filmed. The mission would require that the airplane fly at speeds in excess of 100 mph and at ranges of up to 5 miles. Flyable scale models lend themselves to production flexibility with respect to filming locations and cost. The models are less expensive and far more believable than CG, plus they can be operated at various areas and altitudes that are not normally available to their full-scale counterparts.
The fuselage sections were made of fiberglass. The fuselages, center cockpit pod, and many of the other composite parts and components used on the flyable XF-11 were laid up by Aero Telemetry personnel. This process required that the parts were reinforced with carbon fiber and HexCell materials in a manner that was consistent with acceptable Aerospace structural design. Fortunately, this process was well documented.
The airplane required the use of a "one of a kind" high-pressure hydraulic system to actuate the retractable main and nose landing gear. The uplink control system featured many of Aero Telemetry's own electronics subsystems such as RF Amplifiers and antennas. For the structural pieces of the airplane, we used carbon fiber and 7075 Aluminum reinforced wing structures. The fuselage sections contained both the fuel tanks and the back-up electrical and hydraulic systems.
WINGSPAN: approximately 26 feet
LENGTH: approximately 24 feet
WEIGHT: approximately 550 lbs
ENGINE: Two, twin cylinder 2-stroke drone engines modified to 273cc
ACTING ABILITY
The plane was flown several times by the Aero Telemetry team at San Bernardino Airport and Catalina Island Airport in California. For some of the aerial shots, the XF-11 was also filmed while flying in very close proximity to a helicopter. Due to its size, speed, and excellent flying characteristics, Aero Telemetry's XF-11 airplane made the flying sequences very believable. The background at Catalina Island provided a historically accurate picture of the way Los Angeles looked in the 1940's.
Labels: Aero Telemetry, Aviation, Howard Hughes, Hughes, The Aviator, VFX, XF-11

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Has your glasses prescription changed significantly within the last year?
Do you wear contact lenses or glasses most of the time?
Without glasses and contacts, do you have trouble seeing far away or up close?
Is it a goal of yours to be able to play such as sports without glasses and contacts?
Would you improve the quality of your life by being less dependent on glasses and contacts?
Have you ever been told that you are not a candidate?


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Q: DIY FP - Implementing floating point math on a microcontroller without a hardware FPU I'm working on a little personal project (targeting a Parallax Propeller, but this should be pretty generalizable) that needs floating point math.
The micro-controller I am working with does not have native floating point, or a stock floating-point library.
Are there any good resources or tutorials on implementing software floating-point math? Preferably on really limited resources (I don't even have a stack!).

I'd like to support double sized floats. The propeller is a 32 bit MCU, so I'll have to use multiple variables for each float.
I know there is one software-floating-point library for the propeller out there, but it only supports single sized floats.
No, I probably don't really need double sized floats, but this sounds like a really interesting project. Half the reason I want to do this is because I'll learn a lot along the way.

A: If you want to do it yourself, I'd say just do it.
I guess you wont find too many resources or tutorial because there is not much to it.
Here is an outline:

*

*adding/subtracting:
if exponents differ too much (more than the mantissa has bits):
just return the value with larger exponent (if this is the subtrahend: negate)
if exponents are similar:
shift the mantissa of smaller value by difference of exponents and
add to/subtract from other mantissa (using fixed point arithmetic)
if result is not 0: shift mantissa up until MSBit of result is 1 and decrement exponent the same amount

*multiplication/division:
multiply/divide mantissas (using fixed point arithmetic)
and add/subtract exponents

A: You should be able to use this multiple-precision floating-point library on the Propeller, with either Catalina C or gcc. It might be too slow for many applications, however.

A: It looks like this question has taken on the slant of seeking understanding more than solving the problem, so this may not be the most useful answer, but just for sake of completeness
http://code.google.com/p/propgcc/wiki/PropGccCompileOptions
Implies that the propeller version of GCC has floating point support, including doubles.
GCC and its compiler libraries are of course open source, though there may be a real learning curve before you could start to see what the code is doing.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


E. A. Hornel (1864–1933) depicted Galloway girls in decorative, idyllic natural settings. From 1900 he also designed a small Japanese garden at Broughton House in the Borders town of Kirkcudbright. Hornel's garden combines standard features of Japonaiserie with a few symbols of 'Scottishness' – local stones and relics. So how might we interpret references to idealised Japanese and Scottish aesthetic and cultural traditions in both paintings and garden?
From the 1900s through to the 1920s, the Scots painter Edward Atkinson Hornel (1864–1933) turned increasingly to the cultivation of his antiquarian collection of local literature; folklore, poetry and history; and his walled garden by the banks of the river Dee in the Scottish Border town of Kirkcudbright. Hornel's one acre garden was designed in sections (some were already in existence): areas of lawn, rose-beds and box hedges, flower and herb gardens (fig.1). But the section deemed most important to the artist himself was, as Stephen Harvey writing for Scottish Field in the 1970s termed it, 'An Eastern Garden. This was clearly the artist's own dominion, a place apart from the conventional villa garden, landscaped with exotics to remind Hornel of his travels. It was planted with pink Japanese wind flowers, with flagged paths meandering between clumps of golden maple, Japanese dwarf pines, a lily pond with stepping stones watched over by a lead flamingo, a grove of flowering cherry trees, a magnolia'1 (fig.2).
All of these derive from mid to late nineteenth-century japonaiserie, but around that collection of oriental plants and accessories, such as stone lanterns, were gathered relics of local origin; meal querns, curling stones, a tiny stone trough (actually an ancient coffin for a young child), an eleventh- or twelfth-century wayside cross from nearby Dalshangan village and a collection of stones, some decorative or inscribed, purloined from the ruins of nearby Dundrennan Abbey (figs.3 and 4). This favoured section of the garden, this place apart, is in one sense bricolage: objects appropriated, removed, relocated and assigned new meanings. So how might we interpret this 'Japanese-Scottish' garden? How might we understand the interrelations here between forms of painting, print-making, illustration and garden design, and what relation might these have to issues of cultural and national identity?
A native of Kirkcudbright,2 Hornel began work on his garden shortly after his purchase in 1901 of the rather grand eighteenth-century Broughton House on the High Street (fig.5). Having grown up in that street in more modest accommodation, he acquired 'Bro-Hoose' at the peak of his professional career. My contention here is that the aesthetic principles and cultural preoccupations that informed the design of his garden, extend those of his artistic practice from the late 1880s. As, from 1901, his paintings declined steadily into repetition and cliché and were no longer a focus for his originality, real stimulus came from the creation of an alternative space – the artist's garden which we might regard as the material embodiment of an imagined arcadia over which he could exert his omnipotence and cultivate his memories. In acquiring and arranging his plant specimens, just as he accumulated and extended his collection of rare books, the artist projected his ideal identity, his cultural and aesthetic preferences.
Hornel's paintings celebrated a Galloway that was magic and exotic, a disposition that was widely shared by the close of the nineteenth century. His own fascination for the local folklore was first revealed in his illustrations to Malcolm Harper's Bards of Galloway of 1889, a collection of the legend and poetry of a region deemed well fitted to the 'poet's eye and heart', with its 'poetic superstitions', 'picturesque glens' 'and the venerable relics of antiquity with which its villages are studded'.8 But Harper's closing lament is very familiar: 'cheap literature, railways, telegraphs, the bustle and hurry of commerce, a refinement of life and manners, all mean that the old customs of the country are fast disappearing'. Fairies are no longer believed in and 'the romance has disappeared'. The 'essence' of place and character lies in the past.
Glasgow Museums: Art Gallery and Museum, Kelvingrove.
Hornel's exposure to aesthetic doctrines like these ultimately shaped his aesthetic geography. His conceptions of Galloway, like Sérusier's of Brittany and Van Gogh's of Provence are analogous to idealised western views of Japan. In February 1893 he and Henry, funded by Reid, set sail for Japan. But Hornel's perceptions and prejudices – later revealed in his lecture to a Glasgow audience – oscillated between rapture and regret. He remembers the country as a lotus land, its people 'as a large and happy family, clattering along in the sunshine with smiling faces to spend the day 'mid plum or cherry blossom'. Yet 'the revolution of 1668', he declared, 'swept away for ever the old Japan with its poetry and romance, investing the country with the habits and practices of Birmingham'.17 In common with other artist visitors such as Mortimer Menpes and Alfred East, he appreciated the Japanese reverence for nature ('Nature to them is symbolism itself') and their festival times ('the whole earth [rejoices] in a profusion of bloom') but what emerged most powerfully from this account was an obsession with good and bad taste, with charm and vulgarity – the charm and perfect taste displayed in Japanese flower arranging, the vulgarity and bad taste of the West. Hornel hankered after the 'highest ideals of the Feudal Jap of old time', for the present day merchant classes are 'liars and untrustworthy'. This class and cultural snobbery extended to his perceptions of Japanese gardens. He admired the 'gardens of the wealthy and upper classes where miniature lakes and waterfalls with quaint bridges, tiny landscapes with dwarf pines and shrubs relieved with stone lanterns, take you into fairyland'.
Hornel's first thirteen-month trip to Japan (he went back in the 1920s) was an exercise in pursuing scenes of picturesque authenticity and avoiding or editing out the aesthetically undesirable – evidence of Japanese modernity. For the most part, as Bill Smith records, the artists remained in the area around the treaty ports of Tokyo and Yokohama, sketching in parks and tea gardens that were later used in compositions like A Japanese Garden, 1894 (fig.11). Ayako Ono has demonstrated the extent to which these compositions were closely reliant on albums of hand-tinted prints created specifically for tourists, depicting geishas in tea ceremonies, dancing or posing in gardens amongst the chrysanthemums.21 As with earlier Galloway compositions, the artist here mingles certain elements of the Japanese print, a use of perspective in particular, with much denser brushwork, brilliant colour and a more intense, all-over decorative quality still derived from Monticelli. Although his pictures draw inspiration from a supposedly Japanese attitude to nature, they share little of a formal, compositional approach.
All of the national and cultural stereotypes considered so far – of Scottish art as innately decorative and unworldly, of the Japanese artist in an essential harmony with nature and of a Pan-Celticism (intuitive, romantic, spiritual) that extended beyond Scotland to a special identification with Pont Aven synthetistes – culminate in interesting ways in the Scots naturalist and city planner Patrick Geddes's short-lived journal The Evergreen published in Edinburgh between 1895–6.25 This contained illustrations of Breton subjects by the Scots artist Robert Brough, of Celtic heroines and heroes by the Scots symbolist John Duncan, of dancing girls in gardens and natural landscapes by Charles Mackie, who also designed the 'Tree of Life' cover for the journal. Hornel himself made an appearance in the second issue, The Book of Autumn, in 1895, with a line drawing of a Japanese geisha gazing across an ornamental garden (fig.12) Its title, Madame Chrysanthème, refers to Pierre Loti's influential novel of 1888, which did much to inform the view of European artists like Van Gogh of Japan as a simple, organic, primitive country. Hornel's Japanese lecture had described the rhythm of the seasons there, of flowers after flowers, all culminating in the 'regal and imperial chrysanthemum', emphasising (as did Geddes) the fundamental importance of the cycle of nature. For Geddes himself, in that same issue, 'the seasons determine labour, the family and the very structure of society, posing a problem for the 'modern Troglodytes' in their 'smoky labyrinths' in the city. The intuitive artist's role in all of this is simply to perfect his 'fantasias of reveries'. 'Our new Merlins', he wrote, 'thus brighten our winter with their gardens of dream.' In the artist's perception of the progress of the seasons – from the seasonal decay of rotting compost to the growing seed of a new life – lay the regeneration of the 'Individual and of the Race'. In his biological mysticism Geddes was continually intent on a unity of art and science, of which gardening was a prime example. 'Il faut cultiver son jardin' he declares – inevitably, perhaps.26 This was exactly what Hornel was poised to do.
Shortly after the success of his Japanese exhibition, Hornel reverted to depictions of Galloway children in nature, for example, In the Orchard (City Art Gallery, Edinburgh) or Tate's Autumn, 1904 (fig.13). However, he maintained the same picturesque low viewpoints and animated surfaces that intertwine the local girls within the blossoming orchard and garden scenery. The physical space his Japanese garden occupied is small and densely planted with, as a result, a claustrophobic quality. There is no possibility here of a bird's eye view or a commanding perspective. To stand back is to risk falling into the lily pond or the stream (fig.14). The experience of actually being in the garden, surrounded by dense foliage, is rather like that of looking at one of Hornel's low perspective paintings of garden motifs. The only missing ingredient in this magical, self-sufficient world is that self-absorbed group of young girls. And that eschewal of distance in the painting, matches the artist's own growing absorption in his local social space, increasingly divorced from the wider art world.
From this point Hornel photographed his models in the specially designed studio at Broughton House, later filling in the backgrounds with studies of foliage from the garden or settings from local woodland or nearby Brighouse Bay. His palette became steadily less vibrant and the works have little of the rhythmic vitality of those from the late 1880s and 1890s. As the relationship with Alexander Reid came to an end around 1909, Hornel devoted more attention to his house and garden and increasingly became a leading, paternalist figure about the town. So when E. Rimbault Dibdin came to Kirkcudbright to write about Hornel's 'Paintings of Children and Flowers' for The Studio in 1907, he described first the artist's 'fine old house', 'set in a large old garden', and noticed that, 'All about his doors are the children of the poor, [many his red-headed young models]. His garden is full of flowers, and the flowers of humanity are free to come in from the street [through the side gate] and enjoy themselves in it. He meanwhile studies and paints them, the flowers and the children, in the open air'.27 Geddes's Merlin perhaps in his garden of dream?
The 'impression of fantastic unreality', Conder argued, which Japanese garden designs produced on the minds of Westerners was the result of the refusal of naturalism, also found in Japanese art. In both landscape painting and garden design, nature was represented, not reproduced. Leading characteristics were selected and accentuated so as to combine 'a mood of nature and also a mood of man'. A garden should be designed 'to suggest a suitable idea and arouse definite pleasurable associations', the ideal Japanese garden being, therefore, 'a retreat for secluded ease and meditation'.
On his return, as Smith records, Hornel showed annually at Royal Academy exhibitions, pictures which had become increasingly mechanical and repetitious, often just reversing images from other paintings.33But steady financial rewards were enough to allow him to concentrate on house and garden. In 1916 the still new journal Scottish Country Life (which first appeared in 1914) visited Broughton House (fig.15), noting the old world picturesque atmosphere of the town and its ancient history. The entrancing 'old world garden' behind Hornel's house reminded the author of Herrick's bewitching 'wild civility', and he or she felt moved as 'with the insistence of an old melody'.34 Such a location was perfect material for that journal: it was 'a treasury of art, impeccable taste, and irresistible effects; the external efflorescence of the soul of the painter whose joyous creations have profoundly enlarged the aesthetic vision of the race'. All of this was clearly aimed at a readership much concerned with matters of historic, Scottish tradition, with the cultivation of taste, with issues of preservation and conservation and drawn to nostalgic representations of historical harmony.
These, essentially, were Hornel's own concerns. His collecting mania was accelerating as he acquired, in 1919, local publisher Thomas Fraser's own library of books on Borders' history and folklore to add to his own. At this point he apparently envisaged creating an art gallery and library alongside his garden to hand down to the local people of Kirkcudbright.35 But at the same time he continued his infatuation with Japan, still intent on recreating the impact of that first visit, still seeking enchantment and sensual gratification, and perhaps hoping to rekindle the vitality quite lost from his paintings. So he travelled via Burma to Japan again for six months in 1920 and painted gardens mostly in Kyoto, which he used as backgrounds in pictures, having been given a 'gorgeous book', as a memento and taken on a tour of the best local gardens by the son of Marquis Matsukata.
Nostalgia and memory became central themes of Hornel's late work: indeed, Memories of Mandelay is the title of a large work still hanging inside Broughton House. For a visitor named Dorothy Burnie in 1925, the importance of memory, the transience of summer and of life was expressed metaphorically outside the house, too – in the garden, in the form of three old sundials 'silent reminders of Time'. For Burnie, the house itself contained an unrivalled collection of the history and literature, the 'folk-lore and romance of the storied land of Galloway': it was 'the veriest poem of art in nature'.36 Such had been the ambition of the artist in his paintings, but it was perhaps outside, in his garden, that he was best able to create an ideal space, an ideal identity and cultural landscape.
1. Stephen Harvey, 'An Eastern Garden', Scottish Field, March 1977, p.24. For recent newspaper description see also David Stuart, 'East Meets West in Galloway', The Scotsman, 8 August 1999.
2. Originally from Kirkcudbright, Hornel's family (his father was a bootmaker) emigrated to Australia in 1856, where Edward was born in 1864. The family returned to Kirkcudbright in 1866.
3. Hornel's career is described in most detail by Bill Smith, The Life and Work of Edward Atkinson Hornel, Atelier Books, Edinburgh 1997. See also discussion of Hornel in Patrick Bourne, Kirkcudbright, 100 Kirkcudbright, 100 Years of an Artist's Colony, Atelier Books, Edinburgh, 2000. On the activities of Reid as dealer, see Frances Fowle, Alexander Reid, unpublished thesis, 1993 and for more reference to George Henry, see Roger Billcliffe, The Glasgow Boys, 1985.
4. For discussion of Sargent's painting see Kenneth McConkey, Impressionism in Britain, exhibition catalogue, Yale University Press and Barbican Art Gallery, London, 1995, pp.43–4.
5. Marion Hepworth Dixon, 'Monticelli', The Art Journal, 1895, p.212.
6. On Hornel's exposure to Monticelli in Scotland, see Bill Smith 1997, pp.41–2.
7. For similar reading of space within the depiction of idyllic, enclosed landscapes, see Sam Smiles, 'Samuel Palmer and the Pastoral Inheritance', Landscape Research, Winter 1986, pp.11–15.
8. The Bards of Galloway: A Collection of Poems, Songs, Ballads etc by Natives of Galloway, ed. and intro. Malcolm McL. Harper, Thomas Fraser, Dalbeattie, 1889, p.vi.
9. The Druids received positive reviews when it was shown at the Grosvenor Gallery in London in 1890.
10. John Morrison, 'Nationalism and Nationhood: Late Nineteenth-Century Painting in Scotland', in M. Faco and S.L. Hirsch eds., Art, Culture and National Identity in Fin de Siècle Europe, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2003, pp.195–8.
11. See Lindsay Errington, 'Celtic elements in Scottish art at the turn of the century', in John Christian, ed, The Last Romantics, the Romantic Tradition in British Art from Burne Jones to Stanley Spencer, Barbican Art Gallery and Lund Humphries, London, 1989.
12. Mackie may have kept Hornel informed of developments in Pont Aven and, As Bill Smith (1997, p.56) records, Mackie met Gauguin in Paris in 1891.
13. 'Concarneau as a Sketching Ground', The Studio, vol.24, 1895, p.180.
14. Malcolm Chapman, The Celts: The Construction of a Myth, Macmillan Press, London, 1992, p.228.
15. MacColl's Spectator review of the Henry and Hornel's at the Liverpool exhibition in 1892.
17. Hornel's 1895 lecture, 'Japan', Corporation Art Galleries, Glasgow, 9 February 1895 (transcript from Broughton House).
19. Japan, A Record in Colour, Mortimer Menpes, Adam and Charles Black, first edition 1901 (this edition 1905), pp.77–9.
21. Ayako Ono, Japonisme in Britain: Whistler, Menpes, Henry, Hornel and Nineteenth-century Japan, Routledge, London, 2003.
22. Glasgow .' indecipherable hand written record in Broughton House, dated April 1895.
23. James Caw, Scottish Art, Past and Present 1620-1908, (first published 1908), Kingsmead Reprints, Bath, 1990, p.401.
24. Richard Muther, The History of Modern Painting, Henry and Co., London, 1896, p.699.
25. For extremely interesting recent essays see Frances Fowle, Belinda Thomson, Murdo Macdonald, et.al, Patrick Geddes: The French Connection, White Cockade Publishing in assoc. with the Scottish Society for Art History, Oxford, 2004.
26. Patrick Geddes, 'The Sociology of Autumn', in The Evergreen, The Book of Autumn, 1895 part II, pp.31–8.
27. E. Rimbault Dibdin, The Studio, XLI, June 1907, pp.3–9.
28. Josiah Condor, Landscape Gardening in Japan, first published 1892 (but a 1912 supplement), this edition, Kodansha International, 2002, intro by Azby Brown, pp.8–9.
30. The Times, 28 May 1910, p.10.
31. 'Dundrennan Abbey – A Personal Tour', see freespace.virgin.net/richard.wordsmith/duntour.htm.
32. Letter in archive at Broughton House, also cited in Bill Smith 1997, pp.115–16.
34. Jas. Shaw Simpson, Scottish Country Life, June 1916, 'Broughton House, Kirkcudbright: The Residence of Mr E.A.Hornel', pp.260–3.
35. [This became the Hornel Trust, later passing to the Scottish National Trust.
36. From a transcript at Broughton House of Dorothy Burnie's account of A Galloway Garden, 4 September 1925.
This is a version of a paper delivered at a symposium on the theme of the Art of the Garden exhibition, held on 18 June 2004 at Tate Britain. I should like to offer my thanks to Joanna Banham, Head of Public Programmes at Tate Britain and to the curators of the exhibition Stephen Daniels, Nicholas Alfrey and Martin Postle. I should also like to thank Jim Allan, librarian of the Hornel Trust at Broughton House for his help in this research, and Bill Smith.
Ysanne Holt is Senior Lecturer in Art History at the University of Northumbria and editor of the Manchester University Press journal Visual Culture in Britain.
Ysanne Holt, ''The Veriest Poem of Art in Nature': E. A. Hornel's Japanese Garden in the Scottish Borders', in Tate Papers, no.2, Autumn 2004, https://www.tate.org.uk/research/publications/tate-papers/02/the-veriest-poem-of-art-in-nature-e-a-hornels-japanese-garden-in-the-scottish-borders, accessed 20 April 2019.


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text:
Q: Android Studio Manifest merger error in package name
*

*What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:processDebugManifest'.

Manifest merger failed : Package name ' ' at position AndroidManifest.xml:3:5-40 should contain at least one '.' (dot) character

package="com.example.myapplication"
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.myapplication">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="Tabeeb"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".flipview"/>
        <activity android:name=".user_row" />
        <activity android:name=".Chat" />
        <activity android:name=".doclist" />
        <activity android:name=".chat_items" />
        <activity
            android:name=".Forgotpassword"
            android:theme="@style/Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar" />
        <activity
            android:name=".SignUp"
            android:theme="@style/Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar" />
        <activity
            android:name=".Login"
            android:theme="@style/Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE" />

                <data
                    android:scheme="http"
                    android:host="www.tabeeb-app.com"
                    android:pathPrefix="/tabeeb" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity" />
    </application>

</manifest>

A: Go to the module's "build.gradle" file -> "defaultConfig" -> "applicationId"
and change it's value to your root package name: "com.example.myapplication".

A: In my case
tools:replace="android:appComponentFactory
android:appComponentFactory="mystring"

needs to be added in AndroidManifest.xml in <application>. Find the detailed answer at codegrepper

A:
in your project build gradle

dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.2.0'
}


As the effects of global warming become increasingly visible, regulatory pressure on corporations to report their energy and carbon footprints and "go green" has intensified. Apart from this, there is pressure on enterprises to reduce energy bills, improve stakeholder perception and even look for additional revenues through green measures. Therefore, an enterprise has to continuously assess its "as-is" state, identify the chief carbon / energy contributors and execute measures to reduce the energy and carbon footprints.
To help overcome the challenges in going green, we, at TCS, offer our Energy-Carbon View (ECView) solution. This comprehensive, enterprise-wide energy and carbon management tool helps you monitor, assess, report, manage and improve the energy and carbon footprints. It offers real-time views of energy, cost and carbon footprints and enables compliance and reporting in adherence to regulatory requirements.


The Urban League of Palm Beach County is a critical resource to the local community. Helping clients who are unemployed or underemployed develop competitive job skills, and receive training as well as placement in employment.
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City of West Palm Beach Urban Youth Empowerment Program (UYEP) aims to help young African American males ages 18-24 who currently reside in Northern West Palm Beach who have barriers obtaining employment such as a criminal background, lack of education, and/or a lack of work experience.
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text:
EXECUTIVE PRESIDENCY MUST REMAIN AND BE FURTHER STRENGTHENED – JVP A PROXY OF UNP AND LTTE
By M D P DISSANAYAKE
Having a President like Maithreepala Sirisena cannot be a sound argument to do away with the Presidency. That selection was a cardinal mistake.
Sobhitha talked about the Constitution, like a Tyre with 17 patches. Now he is no more. Now we have the same Tyre with 19 patches. JVP want to add another. This motion by JVP is a virtual contractual arrangement with the group of UNP, SLMC, JVP, TNA and all anti Sri Lankan forces to abolish Presidency. The Executive Presidency should not be abolished as a punishment to President Maithreepala Sirisena. Restricting the EP for two years was a mistake, the amendment must be revoked. Candidates such as Maithreepala struggling to manage even his first year in his office. Maithreepala will never come to power again as President with a public mandate.
JVP is a spend force. They are trying as many political gimmicks as possible to rebuild a political image to enhance their vote base. JVP is hands in glove with corrupt. Former Minister Wijedasa Rajapakse confimed that he has positive evidence of JVP accepting cash from the UNP just before last general election. During past couple of years, JVP was part and parcel of the corrupt, inefficient Ranil – Maithree government. Now realizing the tide is turning away from government, to grab anti-government votes, Anura Kumara and his gang are working on several fronts to improve their image. In any 2019/20 elections, JVP will be wiped out of the political map. They killed Kotikawatte Saddhatissa Thera, destroyed Buddhist temples, killed hundreds of youth. JVP is the substitute for TNA in the South. In the coming Wesak JVP celebrate May day in Jaffna, by courtesy of their proxies, TNA. JVP score card in Presidential Elections were: In 1982 Rohana Wijeweera 273,000 votes ( or 4.19%) and in 1999 Nandana Gunatilleke 344,000 votes ( or 4.08%). In Parliamentary Elections 2010 441,000 votes ( or 5.49%), in 2015 543,000 votes ( or 4.87%) and in 2018 Local Elections 695,000 ( 6.26%). Erosion of vote base of JVP was very similar to the down fall of LSSP in elections in 1947, 1952, 1956, 1960 March, 1960 July, 1965, 1970 and 1977 managing 10%, 13%, 11%, 11%, 8%, 8%, 9% and 3.61% winning no seats in 1977. If Preferential System did not operate in 2015, JVP could have won between 0 and 1 seat.
If JVP had any sensible leader in the party, it was none other than Mr Wimal Weerawansa, who is now a highly recognized political national leader of Sri Lanka, with the likes of Mahinda Rajapakse, Rear Admiral Sarath Weerasekera, Gotabaya Rajapakse, Nalaka Godahewa, Basil Rajapakse. DIG Anura Senanayake, Former Air Marshall Chief Harry Gunatilleke, Admiral Wasantha Karannagoda etc. Wimal's contribution in the past for the national agenda cannot be underestimated, he in most instances single handedly made robust and concise analysis of the proposed constitution highlighting its dangers to the Nation, well ahead of many other political leaders. His predictions, one by one, have come true. Wimal in fact set the national agenda for the Joint Opposition, in spite of threats for him and his family. Wimal richly deserves a long and successful political journey.
At a time President Mahinda Rajapakse had built a strong and effective Leadership Team for the future of Sri Lanka , it was sad a total stranger and a Pawn like Prez Maithreepala was elevated to the rank of Presidency.
Everyone, including Rosy Senanayake, talk about making Sri Lanka a country like Singapore. It is now time to stop soft peddling. You are invited to travel on the streets of Serangoon Road on any evening, specially on Wednesdays and Fridays, the Tamils worship at the nearby Kovil and eat their food on Banana Leaves and peacefully leave. They do not spit on the roads. They do not litter streets. They behave like dogs with their tales between the legs. If they ask Little India to be made a separate Eelam, what will happen to the Tamils in Singapore? Will they simply disappear to the thin air next morning!!!
Sinhalese must be settled in North and East in the same ratio of Sinhala-Tamil-Muslims in South and West. Buddhist temples and monasteries must be built in the same ratio to Churches, Kovils and Mosques in South and West. All Tamil and Muslim public schools must be merged with the General Public Schools.
The tasks ahead for Sri Lanka are enormous. Instead of abolishing Presidency, it must be further strengthened. Future President must have absolute power to revoke any legislation, if in his opinion, counter productive to public interest. For example he should have powers to rescind 13 and 19 Amendments, without being challenged in any Court of Law. Some may call it Dictatorship. So be it! But as an appetiser, lets call it GUIDED DEMOCRACY like in Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia.
Former Prime Minister Mr S W R D Bandaranaike, had State of Emergency for long periods, to combat trade union strikes organised by the his political enemies and Unions of Dr N M Perera and Mr Bala Thampoe. When asked by foreign journalists as to why he derail democracy in Sri Lanka by using State of Emergency, the Hon. P M said: We in Sri Lanka, if you have a continuous severe head ache, we use HISA KUDICHCHIYA ( an Ayurvedic traditional herbal paste placed on the head of the patient), and that stop the head ache. So what is wrong with it" he asked?
14 Responses to "EXECUTIVE PRESIDENCY MUST REMAIN AND BE FURTHER STRENGTHENED – JVP A PROXY OF UNP AND LTTE"
Dilrook Says:
April 22nd, 2018 at 4:42 pm
Not so.
EP was somewhat justifiable during the war but not anymore. The real lethal nature of EP was seen in 2015. LTTE Rump along with India engineered a regime change via the presidential election. This will be the default position of the EP post-war where Tamil and Muslim block vote will decide who wins. Although Sinhalese are the majority, they are divided. This is a fact that must be accepted not resisted.
All the powers of the EP can be exercised by the Supreme Court and the Cabinet. No harm will be done to the territorial integrity of the nation.
Chandrika, Mahinda and Sirisena won the presidential election promising to abolish it! People voted for them to abolish it and it must be abolished. Otherwise TNA, SLMC, ACMC and CWC will always run the country via a proxy EP.
Wimal very strongly campaigned to abolish it until recently. Now he has changed his position because he thinks he will get nominations from SLPP to run for president as Gotabaya and Basil are US citizens. I fully support Weerawansa to be president than the rest but personal ambitions should not eclipse national requirements.
Ratanapala Says:
April 23rd, 2018 at 1:21 am
My point is – is this the best time to do this when the power is in the hands of Christian Ranil Wickramasinghe? Even with a lame duck Executive President in office he has done enough damage to our motherland with unconcerned and unconcealed arrogance taking the whole country hostage to his and his band of thieves' daylight robberies!
At the moment, the nation has a fair chance of getting Gotabhaya Rajapakse elected as the next President of Sri Lanka and with that a chance it will not be politics as usual. We have a chance of getting rid of the old political coteries and into the hands of a new generations of politicians. I believe we must give that chance a go. On the other hand with Mahinda Rajapakse as the Prime Minister could be politics as usual and who know more of the same that led to his humiliating defeat in Jan 2015.
It is time our Motherland embarked on a journey abondoning the 'dog eat dog' politics of racial and religious hatred and bigotry with equal justice to all and special favours to none.
ranjit Says:
Brainless Sirisena should do now at this point is to sack Ranil the bank robber immediately and appoint someone from the balance 224 to save his face at least if not he will be a history very soon. He is the person responsible for all the mess we are in today in this country. He broke the unity of the UNP party as well as the SLFP party. He made a special achcharu of our beloved nation by taking stupid idiotic decisions on important issues concerns our country. He let down die hard SLFP party supporters very badly. He got the blame from every corner for his weak decisions and actions on governing the country. To get some plus marks he should do now is to sack the prime minister or dissolve the parliament and go for early elections. Citizens of this country should open their eyes and use their brains before voting this time. They should not repeat the mistake they did on Jan 8th 2015. Rajapaksa's are better than all these scoundrels in the UNP,JVP,SLMC,HELA URUMAYA,TNA etc. They are all agents of the west and the Indian parasites. So be careful when voting. We need a leader who loves this nation, a true patriotic statesman not a spineless President like Appaya or the bank robber Ranil or a witch like Chandrika.
@Ratanapala
Now is the perfect time to abolish executive presidency. In another year's time, all minority parties will be selling their separatist and racist demands to the two presidential election candidates. They will up their price in bidding and all major contestants will be competing to give them more and more.
Ranil is powerless in parliament without the backing of the executive president. His Cabinet is too diverse to push his own agenda.
charithsls Says:
I request this writer to show decency in addressing the Mahasangha. Look at how he has called the two monks by name.
I can remember I've once wrote the same to one of his previous articles too, an ignorant Buddhist or a non Buddhist .
EP and PC are an Indian Package imposed on the Sinhalese by the Indian Empire. Remember JRJ is a quarter Indian.
I agree with MDP, Executive Presidency should be preserved. This is no time to withdraw it giving more power to the Prime Minister. Executive Presidency could find means to challenge the extremist minority elements who now dictate Sri Lanka Government policies.
We cannot depend on Supreme Court to do what the Executive President would have to do. Even then Supreme Court cannot always be dependent; It gave a wrong judgment in the impeachment of CJ , no one speaks about it blaming the government for the impeachment which was in fact carried out correctly according to the Constitution, even if the reason for the impeachment is contested.
JVP is a useless political group, they should first decide whether they want Socialism or capitalism. As it is they are lost in political wilderness. Wimal Weerawansa is indeed a good and a rare politician. He has good ideas and not overtaken by political ambition for himself. He loves Sri Lanka above all.
I do not see what is so great about Singapore for Sri Lanka to be made a Singabore. Singapore is a very small country which has n't got the same problems that we have. Some want Sri Lanka to follow South Afrika. Why ? Sri Lanka did not have an apartheid regime. South Africa's wealth is still in the hands of the Whites. Sri Lanka is good enough as it it is. Those who want Sri Lanka to be like Singapore or South Africa, should migrate to those countries, but please do not come back if things are not so wonderful as they have heard.
April 23rd, 2018 at 1:59 pm
@Charles
Supreme Court is far more dependable than EP in protecting national interests. It has done so on many occasions even against the president.
e.g. PTOMS, Divi Neguma Bill, Super Ministry Bill, 20A
If Supreme Court judgement was properly followed by the EP in 1987, we won't have 13A. That divided judgement was given under death threats!
EP manipulates the Supreme Court as much as he/she can. That is why it has been reduced in value, not otherwise. When EP is gone, the Supreme Court will be able to give better judgements all the time.
When it comes to actual voting to abolish EP, all anti-Sri Lankan elements (TNA, CWC, SLMC, ACMC) will vote against abolishing it. They are perennial kingmakers thanks only to EP.
In Countries like Sri Lanka a very strong Leader is essential to make quick decisions and act quickly without waiting for courts to meet and give ruling on important political issues. Even a left wing Dictator is a better alternative to Sri Lanka rather than go on with stupid Yahapalanaya with Ranil and Sirisena kneeling before the whites and selling Sri Lanka's sovereignty to USA and the West..
DR M D P DISSANAYAKE Says:
You can see now, public anger against the JVP proposal. Yes, JVP is acting for Ranil Wickremasinghe.
Within 2.5 years, this bunch destroyed a beautiful country painfully built by war heroes and majority sinhala nationalists.
Heppos the Sinhala terrorist arm of India.
In proposing the 20th Amendment JVP is carrying out a UNP proposal. Now it is clear that JVP of Anura Kumara Dissanayake is in political partnership with the UNP
Ananda-USA Says:
The JVP only wants to destroy ALL other parties and gain CONTROL of the country by FAIR MEANS or FOUL.
To that end, it will do ANYTHING. It is not bound by notions of Patriotism, Honor or Justice in its NAKED SINGLE MINDED QUEST for Power. It was so in its EARLY DAYS of the UNENDING VIPLAVAYA, it has not changed ONE IOTA from that mindset.
It views BOTH the Unpatriotic UNP and the Patriotic Nationlist Parties, the SLPP, SLFP/UPFA as the ENEMIES it must DESTROY to gain its ends.
It KNOWS that the UNP is the WEAKER ENEMY given its ;ack of support among the VOTERS of the Majority Community.
It KNOWS that MR/SLPP, with or without the help of the SLFP/UPFA is the GREATER THREAT to itself, given its POPULARITY among the VOTERS of the Majority Community.
So, it ALLIES itself, TEMPORARILY with the UNP, to DESTROY the Patriotic Forces of the combined MR/SLPP/SLFP/UPFA parties KNOWING that once it has done that, it can always DEMONIZE the UNP as a FOREIGN & MINORITY supported PUPPET.
ALL of JVP's SEEMINGLY CONTRARY and CONTRADICTORY actions can be EXPLAINED in THESE TERMS: its SINGLE-MINDED QUEST to HOIST itself into the DRIVERS SEAT.
However, it does so IN VAIN, for the Sinhala Buddhist DOES NOT TRUST the JVP now. The MURDEROUS TREACHEROUS, ultimately Anti-Sinhala-Buddhist actions of the JVP in the PAST and the PRESENT are TOO WELL ETCHED in our Sinhala Buddhist minds for us to allow the JVP any opportunity to ENSLAVE US to their HIDDEN DICTATORIAL PROLETARIAT!
NAK Says:
Dirook,you take one example 2015 Jan to justify your claim to abolish EP but completely ignore the comedy that is now taking place in the Parliament.
Jan 2015 was a well planned hit which will be almost impossible to repeat.
This entry was posted on Sunday, April 22nd, 2018. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can skip to the end and leave a response.


text:
Justia Dockets & Filings Eleventh Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit Palaxar Group LLC v. Charles Rahn Filing 1109798821
Palaxar Group LLC v. Charles Rahn
Opinion issued by court as to Appellant Charles T Rahn. Decision: Dismissed for lack of jurisdiction. Opinion type: Non-Published. Opinion method: Per Curiam. The opinion is also available through the Court's Opinions page at this link http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions.
Case: 14-14745 Date Filed: 10/25/2017 Page: 1 of 5 [DO NOT PUBLISH] IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT ________________________ No. 14-14745 Non-Argument Calendar ________________________ D.C. Docket No. 6:14-cv-00758-JA-GJK PALAXAR GROUP LLC, a Virginia Limited Liability Company, PALAXAR HOLDINGS LLC, a Virginia Limited Liability Company, Plaintiffs - Appellees, versus SHANE WILLIAMS, et al., Defendants, ROY KOBERT, TODD NORMAN, NICOLETTE VILMOS, BROAD AND CASSELL, P.A., Defendants-Appellees, CHARLES T. RAHN, Interested Party - Appellant. Case: 14-14745 Date Filed: 10/25/2017 Page: 2 of 5 ________________________ Appeal from the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida ________________________ (October 25, 2017) Before JORDAN, JULIE CARNES and, JILL PRYOR, Circuit Judges. PER CURIAM: Frank Amodeo, through his guardian, appeals the district court's denial of his motion to intervene and for appointment of counsel.1 Mr. Amodeo maintains that the district court erred in concluding it had subject-matter jurisdiction over the underlying litigation, and, in the alternative, that the court erred by not granting his motion to intervene. Upon review, we agree with the district court, and dismiss for want of jurisdiction. See Fox v. Tyson Foods, Inc., 519 F.3d 1298, 1301 (11th Cir. 2008) (explaining that we have "provisional jurisdiction" to determine whether a district court properly rejected a motion to intervene, and that if its decision was correct, "our jurisdiction evaporates because the proper denial of leave to intervene is not a final decision") (citations and quotation marks omitted). 1 Although Mr. Amodeo and others raise additional arguments, we stick to arguments raised below. Generally, as here, we will not consider an argument raised for the first time on appeal. See Access Now, Inc. v. Sw. Airlines Co., 385 F.3d 1324, 1331 (11th Cir. 2004) (citations omitted). 2 Case: 14-14745 Date Filed: 10/25/2017 Page: 3 of 5 The district court correctly held it had jurisdiction because Mr. Amodeo attempted to intervene in a litigation that "relates to" to a bankruptcy case filed under Title 11 of the Bankruptcy Code. See, e.g., In re Boone, 52 F.3d 958, 960 (11th Cir. 1995) ("Title 28, section 1334(b) creates federal jurisdiction over 'civil proceedings 'arising under' title 11 or 'arising in' or 'related to' a case under title 11.'") (citation omitted). Mr. Amodeo moved to intervene in a litigation where two plaintiffs sued 25 defendants who allegedly conspired to injure them through a Chapter 11 bankruptcy filed and administered in bad faith. This litigation thus patently takes aim at, and therefore "relates to," the validity and resolution of the underlying Chapter 11 bankruptcy. See Matter of Lemco Gypsum, Inc., 910 F.2d 784, 788 (11th Cir. 1990) ("a civil proceeding is related to bankruptcy [when] the outcome of the proceeding could conceivably have an effect on the estate being administered in bankruptcy . . . [a]n action is related to bankruptcy if the outcome could alter the debtor's rights, liabilities, options, or freedom of action (either positively or negatively) and which in any way impacts upon the handling and administration of the bankrupt estate") (citation omitted).2 Mr. Amodeo contends this is beside the point, because the plaintiffs waived subject-matter jurisdiction by not raising it in their complaint. See Appellant's Br. at 9. And he claims that, in any event, the district court failed to comply with the 2 Mr. Amodeo wrongly contends the district court relied on the Barton doctrine, see Barton v. Barbour, 104 U.S. 126 (1881), to establish jurisdiction over the case. See Appellant's Br. at 5. 3 Case: 14-14745 Date Filed: 10/25/2017 Page: 4 of 5 Barton doctrine by not dismissing the suit because defendants were debtors or affiliates in the related Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceeding. See Appellant's Br. at 10. We disagree. First, it is axiomatic that subject matter jurisdiction cannot be waived. See In re Bayou Shores SNF, LLC, 828 F.3d 1297, 1328 (11th Cir. 2016) ("Subject-matter jurisdiction properly comprehended . . . refers to a tribunal's power to hear a case, a matter that can never be forfeited or waived.") (citation omitted). Second, the district court performed an extensive analysis of the Barton doctrine, and in fact did dismiss claims against certain defendants under the doctrine. See Amended Order, D.E. 259 at 1–11. Mr. Amodeo fails to explain, and we cannot see how, the remaining defendants should also be dismissed. See Lawrence v. Goldberg, 573 F.3d 1265, 1269 (11th Cir. 2009) (explaining that the Barton doctrine applies to trustees and other officers appointed or approved by the bankruptcy court). We also conclude the district court correctly denied Mr. Amodeo's motion to intervene. In his motion, Mr. Amodeo asserted that the district court reopened his criminal case and returned possession of AQMI Strategy Corporation after the court previously divested his interest in the company through a criminal forfeiture order. See Motion to Intervene and for Appointment of Counsel, D.E. 248 at 1–7. 3 3 As noted, we only address the narrow argument Mr. Amodeo made in his motion to intervene. He did not, as he now argues on appeal, premise his right to intervene on alleged privity between 4 Case: 14-14745 Date Filed: 10/25/2017 Page: 5 of 5 Mr. Amodeo argued that intervention was permissible because of his ownership in AQMI, which was one of the 25 defendants sued in the underlying litigation. But his view of the record is inaccurate. The government did not return its interest in AQMI to Mr. Amodeo; instead, the government relinquished its ownership interest after AQMI was sued. See Order Denying Motion to Intervene, D.E. 318 at 2–3. A previous panel of this court recognized as much, and we have no basis or reason to reach a different conclusion. See United States v. Amodeo, No. 09-16170 (11th Cir. Mar. 26, 2010) ("The district court's October 2, 2018, preliminary order of forfeiture fully and finally resolved all of Frank Amodeo's interests in the properties referenced in the November 18, 2009, final forfeiture order.").4 Accordingly, because the district court correctly denied the motion to intervene (and for appointment of counsel), "our jurisdiction evaporates because the proper denial of leave to intervene is not a final decision[.]" E.E.O.C. v. E. Airlines, Inc., 736 F.2d 635, 637 (11th Cir. 1984). APPEAL DISMISSED FOR LACK OF JURISDICTION. himself and the corporation. Compare Appellant's Br. at 6 with Motion to Intervene, D.E. 248 at 1–7. 4 The district court granted the government's motion to vacate the final order of forfeiture in Mr. Amodeo's criminal case. See Order Vacating Final Forfeiture Order, D.E. 208. But the preliminary forfeiture order, which divested Mr. Amodeo of his ownership interest, was never disturbed. 5


furnsh_c - loads an individual kernel or a collection of kernels.
unload_c - unloads an individual kernel or a collection of kernels.
str2et_c - converts a time string to ET seconds past J2000.
timout_c - converts ET seconds past J2000 to a time string.
furnsh_c - loads individual kernels and collections of kernels.
scs2e_c - converts an SCLK string to ET seconds past J2000.
sce2s_c - converts ET seconds past J2000 to SCLK string.
sct2e_c - converts an encoded SCLK to ET seconds past J2000.
sce2c_c - converts ET seconds past J2000 to encoded SCLK.
scencd_c - converts an SCLK string to encoded SCLK.
scdecd_c - converts an encoded SCLK to SCLK string.
bodfnd_c - determines whether values exist for some item for a body in the kernel pool.
bodvrd_c - retrieves from the kernel pool the values of an item associated with a body.
pxform_c - returns the 3x3 matrix rotating a position vector one frame to another.
sxform_c - returns the 6x6 matrix rotating a state vector from one frame to another.
pckfrm_c - finds the set of reference frame class ID codes of all frames in a binary PCK file.
pckcov_c - finds the coverage window for a reference frame in a binary PCK file.
pxfrm2_c - returns the 3x3 matrix rotating a position vector from one frame at a specified epoch to another frame at a different epoch.
spkezr_c - returns the state of a target body relative to an observing body.
spkpos_c - returns the position of a target body relative to an observing body.
spkcpo_c - returns the state of a target body relative to a constant-position observer location.
spkcpt_c - returns the state of a constant-position target location relative to an observing body.
spkcvo_c - returns the state of a target body relative to a constant-velocity observer location.
spkcvt_c - returns the state of a constant-velocity target location relative to an observing body.
spkobj_c - finds the set of ID codes for all objects in a specified SPK file.
spkcov_c - finds the coverage window for a specified object in a specified SPK file.
ckobj_c - finds the set of ID codes for all objects in a specified CK file.
ckcov_c - finds the coverage window for a specified object in a specified CK file.
ckgp_c - gets pointing for a specified CK ID at a specified SCLK time.
ckgpav_c - gets pointing and angular velocity for a specified CK ID at a specified SCLK time.
getfov_c - returns the field-of-view (FOV) configuration for a specified instrument.
gdpool_c - returns the double precision value of a kernel variable from the kernel pool.
gipool_c - returns the integer value of a kernel variable from the kernel pool.
gcpool_c - returns the character value of a kernel variable from the kernel pool.
latsrf_c - maps an array of planetocentric longitude/latitude coordinate pairs to surface points on a body, modeled as an ellipsoid or a digital shape (DSK).
srfnrm_c - maps an array of surface points on a body, modeled as an ellipsoid or a digital shape (DSK), to the corresponding outward surface normal vectors.
dskz02_c - returns plate model size parameters (plate count and vertex count) for a type 2 DSK segment.
dskp02_c - returns triangular plates from a type 2 DSK segment.
dskv02_c - returns vertices from a type 2 DSK segment.
dskobj_c - returns the set of body ID codes of all objects for which data are provided in a DSK file.
dsksrf_c - returns the set of surface ID codes for all surfaces associated with a body in a DSK file.
Load generic PCK and Phobos DSK.
Compute surface points based on DSK.
Compute surface normals based on DSK.
bodc2n_c - translates the NAIF integer code of a body into a common name for that body.
bodn2c_c - translates the name of a body or object to the corresponding NAIF integer ID code.
srfcss_c - translates a surface ID code, together with a body name, to the corresponding surface name.
srfs2c_c - translates a surface string, together with a body name, to the corresponding surface ID code.
srfc2s_c - translates a surface ID code, together with a body ID code, to the corresponding surface name.
srfscc_c - translates a surface string, together with a body ID code, to the corresponding surface ID code.
Get NAIF ID for the surface "ROS_CG_M001_OMSDLAM_N_V1"
reclat_c - converts from rectangular to planetocentric coordinates.
latrec_c - converts from planetocentric to rectangular coordinates.
srfrec_c - converts from planetocentric lat/lon of a surface point on a body to rectangular coordinates.
recgeo_c - converts from rectangular to geodetic coordinates.
georec_c - converts from geodetic to rectangular coordinates.
recpgr_c - converts from rectangular to planetographic coordinates.
pgrrec_c - converts from planetographic to rectangular coordinates.
sincpt_c - computes the surface intercept point of the ray on a body, modeled as an ellipsoid or a digital shape (DSK), at a specified epoch.
dskxv_c - computes ray-surface intercepts for a set of rays, using data provided by multiple loaded DSK segments.
dskxsi_c - computes a ray-surface intercept using data provided by multiple loaded DSK segments and returns information about the source of the data defining the surface on which the intercept was found.
subpnt_c - computes the sub-observer point on a body, modeled as an ellipsoid or a digital shape (DSK), at a particular epoch.
subslr_c - computes the sub-solar point on a body, modeled as an ellipsoid or a digital shape (DSK), as seen by an observer at a particular epoch.
ilumin_c - computes the illumination angles at a specified surface point of a target body, modeled as an ellipsoid or a digital shape (DSK), as seen from an observer body, illuminated by the Sun.
illumg_c - computes the illumination angles at a specified surface point of a target body, modeled as an ellipsoid or a digital shape (DSK), as seen from an observer body, illuminated by a user specified body.
illumf_c - computes the illumination angles at a specified surface point of a target body, modeled as an ellipsoid or a digital shape (DSK), as seen from an observer body, illuminated by a user specified body, with flags indicating whether the point is visible from the observer and whether it is illuminated.
phaseq_c - computes the apparent phase angle between the centers of target, observer, and illuminator ephemeris objects.
limbpt_c - computes limb points on a body, modeled as an ellipsoid or a digital shape (DSK).
termpt_c - computes umbral or penumbral terminator points on a body, modeled as an ellipsoid or a digital shape (DSK).
conics_c - determines the state of an orbiting body from a set orbital elements.
oscelt_c - determines the set of orbital elements corresponding to the state of a body.
fovray_c - determines if a specified ray is within the FOV of a specified instrument at a given time.
fovtrg_c - determines if a specified ephemeris object is within the FOV of a specified instrument at a given time.
occult_c - determines the occultation condition (not occulted, partially, etc.) of one target relative to another target as seen by an observer at a given time, with targets modeled as points, ellipsoids, or digital shapes (DSK).
gfdist_c - determines time intervals when a specified constraint on observer-target distance is met.
gfilum_c - determines time intervals when a specified constraint on the observed phase, solar incidence, or emission angle at a surface point is met.
gfpa_c - determines time intervals when a specified constraint on the phase angle between the illuminator, target, and observer body centers is met.
gfposc_c - determines time intervals when a coordinate of an observer-target position vector satisfies a numerical constraint.
gfrr_c - determines time intervals when a specified constraint on the observer-target range rate is met.
gfsep_c - determines time intervals when the angular separation between the position vectors of two target bodies relative to an observer satisfies a numerical relationship.
gfsntc_c - determines time intervals when a coordinate of a ray-surface intercept position vector satisfies a numerical constraint.
gfsubc_c - determines time intervals when a coordinate of a sub-observer point position vector satisfies a numerical constraint.
was greater than 400,000 km.
Store the time bounds in the confinement window.
gfrfov_c - determines time intervals when a specified ray intersects the space bounded by the field-of-view (FOV) of a specified instrument.
gftfov_c - determines time intervals when a specified ephemeris object intersects the space bounded by the field-of-view (FOV) of a specified instrument.
the FOV of the Cassini narrow angle camera (CASSINI_ISS_NAC).
Set search parameters. Use a step size of 10 seconds.
gfoclt_c - determines time intervals when an observer sees one target occulted by another, with targets modeled as points, ellipsoids, or digital shapes (DSK).
Set search parameters. Select a 3-minute step.
reclat_c - converts from rectangular to latitudinal coordinates.
latrec_c - converts from latitudinal to rectangular coordinates.
recrad_c - converts from rectangular coordinates to range, right ascension, and declination.
radrec_c - converts from range, right ascension, and declination to rectangular coordinates.
recsph_c - converts from rectangular to spherical coordinates.
sphrec_c - converts from spherical to rectangular coordinates.
reccyl_c - converts from rectangular to cylindrical coordinates.
cylrec_c - converts from cylindrical to rectangular coordinates.
sphcyl_c - converts from spherical to cylindrical coordinates.
cylsph_c - converts from cylindrical to spherical coordinates.
sphlat_c - converts from spherical to latitudinal coordinates.
latsph_c - converts from latitudinal to spherical coordinates.
cyllat_c - converts from cylindrical to latitudinal coordinates.
latcyl_c - converts from latitudinal to cylindrical coordinates.
xfmsta_c - transforms states between coordinate systems -- rectangular, cylindrical, latitudinal, spherical, geodetic, and planetographic.
vpack_c - packs three scalar components into a vector.
vupack_c - unpacks three scalar components from a vector.
vadd_c - adds two 3D vectors.
vsub_c - computes the difference between two 3D vectors.
vcrss_c - computes the cross product of two 3D vectors.
vdot_c - computes the dot product of two 3D vectors.
vscl_c - multiplies a scalar and a 3D vector.
vminus_c - negates a 3D vector.
vequ_c - makes one 3D vector equal to another.
vzero_c - indicates whether a 3D vector is the zero vector.
vsep_c - finds the separation angle between two 3D vectors.
vdist_c - returns the distance between two 3D vectors.
vnorm_c - computes the magnitude of a 3D vector.
vhat_c - finds the unit vector along a 3D vector.
ucrss_c - computes the normalized cross product of two 3D vectors.
unorm_c - normalizes a 3D vector and return its magnitude.
vperp_c - finds the component of a 3D vector that is perpendicular to a second 3D vector.
vproj_c - finds the projection of one 3D vector onto another 3D vector.
vrotv_c - rotates a 3D vector about a specified axis 3D vector by a specified angle.
rotvec_c - transform a 3D vector to a new coordinate system rotated by an angle about X, Y, or Z.
vlcom_c - computes the vector linear combination a*v1 + b*v2 of two 3D vectors.
vlcom3_c - computes the vector linear combination a*v1 + b*v2 + c*v3 of three 3D vectors.
mxm_c - multiplies two 3x3 matrices.
mxmt_c - multiplies a 3x3 matrix and the transpose of another 3x3 matrix.
mxv_c - multiplies a 3x3 matrix with a 3D vector.
mtxm_c - multiplies the transpose of a 3x3 matrix and a 3x3 matrix.
mtxv_c - multiplies the transpose of a 3x3 matrix on the left with a 3D vector on the right.
vtmv_c - multiplies the transpose of a 3D vector, a 3x3 matrix, and a 3D vector.
xpose_c - transposes a 3x3 matrix.
mequ_c - sets one 3x3 matrix equal to another.
det_c - computes the determinant of a 3x3 matrix.
trace_c - returns the trace of a 3x3 matrix.
rotate_c - calculates the 3x3 matrix for a rotation of an angle about the X, Y or Z axis.
rotmat_c - applies a rotation of an angle about the X, Y, or Z axis to a matrix.
twovec_c - builds the transformation to a frame based on two vectors.
eul2m_c - constructs a rotation matrix from a set of Euler angles.
m2eul_c - factors a matrix as a product of three rotations about specified axes.
raxisa_c - computes the axis of the rotation given by a matrix and the angle about that axis.
axisar_c - construct a rotation matrix that rotates vectors by an angle about an axis.
m2q_c - finds a unit quaternion corresponding to a specified rotation matrix.
q2m_c - find the rotation matrix corresponding to a specified unit quaternion.
halfpi_c - returns half the value of pi.
pi_c - returns the value of pi.
twopi_c - returns twice the value of pi.
dpr_c - returns the number of degrees per radian.
rpd_c - returns the number of radians per degree.
spd_c - returns the number of seconds in a day.
jyear_c - returns the number of seconds per Julian year.
tyear_c - returns the number of seconds per tropical year.
b1900_c - returns the Julian Date corresponding to Besselian date 1900.0.
b1950_c - returns the Julian Date corresponding to Besselian date 1950.0.
j1900_c - returns the Julian Date of 1899 DEC 31 12:00:00 (1900 JAN 0.5).
j1950_c - returns the Julian Date of 1950 JAN 01 00:00:00 (1950 JAN 1.0).
j2000_c - returns the Julian Date of 2000 JAN 01 12:00:00 (2000 JAN 1.5).
j2100_c - returns the Julian Date of 2100 JAN 01 12:00:00 (2100 JAN 1.5).


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The amateur radio bands are some very valuable allocations of bandwidth, free for licenced amateurs worldwide to use, subject to some rules.
One of the rules is that transmissions must not be encrypted.
Messages sent from the station shall not be encrypted for the purposes of rendering the Message unintelligible to other radio spectrum users.
Other countries have similar provisions.
No doubt these rules were put in place in pre-Internet days, to prevent spies from sending reports back. Nowadays, that reasoning seems a little quaint.
In this day and age where we all use and value encryption, I often see people on Internet fora complaining about the inability to use encryption. This is a common response by people with a technical background who aren't licenced amateurs.
As your actions can cause problems around the world, amateur radio relies on cooperation, and self-policing.
Once you have used the HF bands, and seen the problems that non-cooperating stations can cause, you begin to appreciate the value of cooperation, and the wisdom of requiring that all communications are understandable by all.
My views on encryption in amateur radio differ depending on whether we're talking about the HF and sub-HF bands, or VHF and upwards.
The bands allocated for amateur use below 30MHz are very valuable. They have unique properties, in that they can be reflected around the world via ionised layers in the atmosphere.
This means that transmissions can affect people over a very large area.
While it's true that digital (encrypted) data could be sent over a very narrow bandwidth, the principle remains - there isn't a lot of the HF spectrum to start with, and we need to make the best possible use of it.
The lower the transmission bandwidth, the lower the bitrate. PSK31 is 31Hz wide, with a 31bps bitrate. This would make even an SSH session pretty unpleasant to use. The fading of signals, interference from other stations, and atmospheric noise would render a large percentage of the data unreadable, requiring resending, or FEC, making the effective data rate even lower.
For those of you who've never "enjoyed" Internet access at pre-broadband speeds, to get an idea of how slow those sorts of speeds are, this is what TCP/IP over AX.25 at 1200 bps over a reliable link looks like. Now imagine that where there is interference, retries, dropouts, losses.
This is what receiving emails over HF looks like.
But the big problem with encryption being used, especially on the valuable, worldwide HF bands, is that non-hams could use it, and the encryption would prevent hams from being able to identify that non-hams were using it. The limited bandwidth would then become used up by digital noise, leaving the amateur radio community unable to identify who is using it.
The reason it is called amateur radio (as opposed to professional radio) is because it cannot be used for commercial purposes. Encryption would allow businesses to use the valuable, scarce HF spectrum for commercial purposes.
The VHF bands and above are different. They are generally a lot larger than the HF bands.
For instance: 6m and 2m are 2 MHz wide, 70cm is 10 MHz wide, and 23cm is 60 MHz wide.
They also more easily blocked, and are not often subjected to atmospheric conditions that cause the signal to travel a long way.
The chance of interfering with other stations is minimised.
I would possibly support the use of encryption on the higher bands, restricted to certain segments of the bands, with the proviso that whatever protocol was used, it would send the callsign in the clear at the start and end of each transmission/packet/block of data.


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VIDEO: School Girl Badly Beaten By Street Woman VIDEO: School Girl Badly Beaten By Street Woman Tuesday, Jan. 28th. 2020 – VIDEO BELOW – A very disturbing video has been obtained by the REPORTER, which shows a school-girl...
The Lev Aslan Dermen Case Continues In UTAH The Lev Aslan Dermen Case Continues In UTAH Monday, Jan. 27th. 2020 – Local media houses are monitoring the trial of Armenian American Levon Dermen, which starts today. There have...
Coast Guard Has New Commandant
ON-Thursday, 28 November 2019
The symbolic lines: "Sir, I relinquish command!" and "Sir, I assume command!" on Wednesday marked the dawn of a new era for the Belize National Coast Guard Service, which changed leadership from Rear Admiral John Borland to Captain Elton Bennett as outgoing and incoming Commandants respectively.
For Borland, the change came after 10 years with him at the helm, and this was the second change of command that the 14 year-old elite maritime arm of Belize's national security configuration has seen thus far.
The new commandant is not spending too much time celebrating his promotion. He already has a priority list of things he wants to get done under his watch.
"One is for us to improve our operational competence at sea, and this will require us to explore the prosecution realm of operations. Currently the Coast Guard does not prosecute its cases. We hand over to a competent authority for them to prosecute. If we are able to prosecute our own cases, for those offences of fisheries violations, we'll be able to improve our operational competence."
Bennett also wants to sharpen the Coast Guard's communication competence. He will establish a strategic communications office at the Coast Guard's headquarters that will manage the dissemination of information and form a better rapport with the media.
Bennett informed that his promotion was no surprise because he was groomed for the position from the time he joined the Coast Guard. He explained that there is a succession and career development plan in place in the Coast Guard for officers to reach this level. In fact, he said that he has already met with all the officers and has developed an eight-year plan so that each of them knows exactly what course he or she will attend and how his or her elevation will evolve over that period.
"The Coast Guard is not led on personality. We have a strategy. We have a vision and a mission and we have the Coast Guard Act that we go by. What we don't want to have is an organization that shifts and sways with the different personalities that come to command. That's not good. What you want is to ensure that we continue on that strategy and move in that direction," Bennett assured.
The time for the change of command had come, Minister of National Security, John Saldivar told the gathering, even though Borland was not yet due for retirement. "We opted for this change in command because we felt that it was an opportune time for us to have new leadership of the Belize Coast Guard but also a new direction at the Ministry of National Security."
Saldivar explained that it became necessary to create what other countries call the Chief of Defense staff, that is responsible for coordinating the agencies in the Ministry of National Security that are responsible for the defense of Belize (the Coast Guard and the Belize Defense Force).
Borland then, will be Belize's first Chief of Defense and will act as the country's most senior advisor to the Minister of National Security and the Prime Minister. In that new capacity, he will be responsible to formulate and execute strategies, policies and programs to ensure the highest level of national security and operational competence of Belize's armed forces.
In passing over the reins to Bennett, Borland had only commendable remarks for him: "The future of the Coast Guard belongs to my successor and his command team; a man who is equally adept, capable and competent; a man who has been my greatest ally; my friend, my brother, my mentor at times," Borland said. "I would trust no other person with a job as important as this and as vital to the survival of this nation. So today it is with no regret or reservation that I relinquish command of the Belize Coast Guard into the sure and steady hands of Captain Elton Bennett. Sir, you have command!" Borland said emphatically.
Bennett also recalled that his predecessor was his first Reporting Officer and has been so for the past 15 years. He thanks Borland for all that he has done to enhance his career, even before the inception of the Coast Guard Service.
"You have shown me the ropes; you have ordered me to the front lines, and you have protected me when necessary. I wish you fair winds and following seas, Sir!" Bennett told Borland.
Bennett started out his career as an aircraft engineer in the Belize Defense Force's maritime wing, and in 2002, he became an officer after he attended the Royal Military Academy in Sandhurst, England. He was Commission Officer as a Platoon Commander, and thereafter attended courses overseas to become a maritime officer. He was seconded to the Belize Coast Guard Service in 2005, when the institution was only a year old. He rose through the ranks and was appointed as Vice Commandant in 2009. Through the years he furthered his education and military training at several military schools abroad. He holds a Master's degree in Defense Studies from King's College in London.


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Home World Affairs COVID-19 Anti-Maskers and the Dangers of Collective Endorsement
Tensions surrounding the coronavirus pandemic continue to run high, especially in parts of America in which discussions over measures to control spread of the virus have become something of a political issue. Recently, some of these tensions erupted in the form of protests of "anti-maskers": in Florida, for example, a group of such individuals marched through a Target, telling people to take off their masks, and playing the song "We're Not Going to Take It." Presumably the "it" that they were no longer interested in taking pertained to what they perceived to be a violation of personal liberties, as they felt as though they were being forced to wear a mask against their wills. While evidence regarding the effectiveness of masks at keeping oneself and others safe continues to grow, there nevertheless remains a vocal minority that believes otherwise.
A lot of thought has been put into the problem of why it is that people continually ignore good scientific evidence, especially when the consequences of doing so are potentially dire. There is almost certainly no singular, easy answer to the problem. However, there is one potential reason that I think is worth focusing on, namely that anti-maskers, among many others of those who reject the best available scientific evidence on a number of issues, will tend to trust sources that they find on social media instead of through more reputable outlets. For instance, one investigation of why anti-maskers hold their beliefs pointed to the effects of Facebook groups in which such beliefs are discussed and shared. Indeed, despite their efforts to contain the spread of such misinformation, anti-masker Facebook groups remain easy to find.
However, the question remains: why would anyone believe a group of random Facebook users over scientific experts? The answer to this is no doubt multifaceted as well. But one reason may come down to a matter of trust, and that the ways we determine who is trustworthy works differently online than it does in other contexts.
As frequent internet users will no doubt be familiar with already, it can often be difficult to identify trustworthy sources of information online. One reason is that the internet offers varying degrees of anonymity: the consequence is that one will potentially not have much information about the person one's talking with, especially given the possibility that people can fabricate aspects of their identities in online environments. Furthermore, interacting with others through text boxes on a computer screen is a very different kind of interaction than one that occurs face-to-face. For instance, researchers have shown that there are different "communication cues" that we pick up on when interacting with each other, including verbal cues like tone of voice, volume of speech, and rate at which one is speaking, and visual cues like facial expressions and body language. These kinds of cues are important when we make judgments about whether we should believe what the other person is saying, and are largely absent in a lot of online communication.
With less information about each other to go on when interacting online, we will then tend to look to other sources of information when determining who to trust. One thing internet users tend to appeal to is endorsement. For instance, when reading things on social media or message board sites we tend to put more trust in those posts that have the most hearts, or likes, or upvotes, etc. This is perhaps most apparent when you're trying to decide what product to buy: we tend to gravitate towards those with not only the highest ratings, but those that have the most high ratings (something with one 5 star review doesn't mean much, but a product with hundreds of high reviews means a lot more). The same can be the case when it comes to determining which information to believe: if your post has thousands of endorsements then I'm probably going to at least give it a look, whereas if it has very few, I'll probably pass it by.
There is good reason to trust information that is highly endorsed. As noted above, it can be hard to determine who to trust online because it's not clear whether someone is really who they say they are. It's easy for me to join a Facebook group and tell everyone that I'm an epidemiologist, for example, and without having access to any more information about me you've got little other than my word to go on. Something that's much harder to fake, though, is a whole bunch of likes, or hearts, or upvotes. So the thought is that if enough other people endorse something, that's good reason to trust it. So here's one reason why people getting their information off social media might trust that information more than that coming from the experts, namely because it is highly endorsed by many other members of their group.
At the same time, people might be more willing to believe those with whom they interact with online in virtue of the fact that they are interacting with them. For instance, when a scientific body like the CDC tells you that you should be wearing a mask, information is traveling in only one direction. When interacting with groups online, though, it can be much easier to trust those that you are interacting with, and not merely deferring to. Again, this is one of the problems raised by online communication: while there is lots of good information available, it can be easier to trust those with whom one can engage with, as opposed to just take orders from them.
Again, given that the problem is complex and multifaceted means that there will not be a one-size-fits-all solution. That said, it is worthwhile to think about how it might be possible for those with the good information to establish relationships of trust with those who need it, given the unique qualities of online environments.


But let's start the party one day early — today, I'm visiting my RWA-FF&P chapter mate, author Laura Kaye. We're chatting about books, favorite characters, chocolate *yum*, and more. Plus, read an excerpt featuring my Haven hero and heroine, Carina and Alexander.
Drop by Laura's blog and leave a comment for a chance to win an e-book of Haven! Giveaway ends Friday 7/5.


Right now I am so relieved to have gotten S's doctor appointment over with and that it went so well. I feel a sense of power, a small one, even though I probably should feel it in a much larger sense. I dreaded this. I have been dreading it since realizing that she is transgender in the way that she is not gender fluid but fully feels "she." And that road means physical transition if she continues to feel that way. So far she is still on this path at age 10. Puberty is right around the corner and that is where all the medicalization of her life begins.
Hormone Blockers. I will write that again because I often blank out with the medical info. Hormone Blockers. Yes, it does seem young. But if she does not do them at Tanner Stage 2 (whoa! medical terminology!), she will miss the window for blocking unwanted bone structure change, especially in face, shoulders, hips; unwanted facial hair, chest hair. Her jaw size and vocal box will change. She loves to sing, her voice is beautiful and strong, so she is really concerned about this.
She wants to get this right, just like I do. She said she felt better knowing all the stuff we talked about with the pediatric endocrinologist today, and I feel better too. I had to write a lot before we went to the appointment in order to get my defensiveness out, anger, frizzlyness, and try to make a plan for how to make it about her and not about my crazy thoughts, fears, about insurance and gender markers, and whether or not they would use the right pronoun as they could not seem to get it right on the phone and I finally needed to speak to them very directly and tell them how amazing our pediatrician's office is that they never ever have gotten it incorrect. And...aagh! Oh my Gawd! All the years of education people comes tumbling down at once, the rubble crushing me. I must stand up, brush myself off and take this experience separately instead of piling it on the mountain of crap just behind us.
Juley Amica is a writer and a parent. She uses this name to protect the innocent. It allows her a voice for her family's gender journey experience, lends support to others on this path, and gives all parents a chance to be allies to families like hers' who have a deep need for safe, knowledgeable and caring community. Her hope and desire is that this will open up more space for the human right of all children, all people to live authentically and to be loved and respected for who they are. She is currently creating a blog.


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Newly Launched Solar Sail Is on Track to Unfurl in Low Earth Orbit
A new solar sail belonging to French aerospace startup Gama reached space on Tuesday and is expected to deploy its wings in the coming weeks.
Passant Rabie
An illustration of the Gama Alpha mission in orbit.
Illustration: Gama
A new spacecraft could soon be soaring through Earth's orbit while gently being pushed by photons emitted from the Sun.
Astronomers Could Soon Get Warnings When SpaceX Satellites Threaten Their View
Three Astronauts May Be Stranded on the ISS After Disturbing Soyuz Coolant Leak
China's Plan to Land Astronauts on the Moon
French aerospace company Gama launched its Gama Alpha solar sail mission to test out photonic propulsion technology, which keeps spacecraft in orbit without the need for fuel. The Gama Alpha cubesat was loaded on board a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket and lifted off on Tuesday morning from Space Launch Complex 40 at Florida's Cape Canaveral Space Force Station.
Gama Alpha - Solar Sail Mission
As the company's first solar sail mission, Gama Alpha is an initial test of its technology. The cubesat is roughly the size of a shoebox, while its large solar sail is about the size of a tennis court. The plan is for the sail to unfurl in Earth orbit at an altitude of 340 miles (550 kilometers), according to a statement by Gama. "The first phase will be commissioning the satellite, establishing communications and checking all the vital signs are good," Jordan Culeux, Gama lead system engineer, said in the statement. "The second phase will be the sail deployment."
Solar sails collect photons from the Sun, causing small bursts of momentum that propel the spacecraft. As the photons hit the sails, the spacecraft is pushed farther away from the Sun. If a spacecraft is able to surpass the drag from Earth's atmosphere, it could potentially reach very high altitudes.
"In space, the Sun's radiative pressure allows constant acceleration. The result? Missions that are 10 to 20 times less expensive and no longer limited by a fuel budget," Andrew Nutter, Gama co-founder, said in the statement. "A solar sail is poetic, inherently sustainable, and dramatically lowers the cost of access to deep space or unstable orbits."
The satellite will enter into a slow rotation once its solar sail is deployed. The main purpose of the Gama Alpha mission is to demonstrate that a large sail can be deployed and controlled by a small cubesat, in addition to collecting flight data to improve simulations of the solar sail technology, according to Gama.
Gama Alpha reached its orbit less than two months after LightSail 2, a pioneering solar sail mission, burnt up in Earth's atmosphere to end its three-and-a-half year mission. LightSail 2 launched in 2019 to test controlled solar sailing in Earth orbit, inspiring a new generation of soaring spacecraft to follow.
There are several other solar sail missions currently in the works, including NASA's Advanced Composite Solar Sail System to test out sail boom material in Earth orbit (scheduled for launch sometime this year) and NASA's Solar Cruiser (scheduled for a 2025 launch). NASA's NEA Scout solar sail mission launched aboard Artemis 1 in November 2022, but the team behind the mission has been unable to communicate with it ever since.
Gama Alpha will also be followed by a successor mission aptly named Gama Beta. For the follow-up mission, the main objective will be to demonstrate sustained navigation from an altitude twice as high as its predecessor. Should its solar sail missions prove successful, the Gama company is hoping to become a pioneer in the field with this unique, low-cost technology.
"We are building the space transportation infrastructure of tomorrow," Louis de Goüyon Matignon, Gama co-founder, said in the statement. "While companies today are focused on low Earth orbit, we have decided to look further afield and prepare for the space operations of the future."
More: LightSail 2, Pushed by Sunlight, Raises Its Orbit by 10,500 Feet in Just Two Weeks
ScienceSpaceflight