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Socio-environmental strategies to protect the rights of women migrant workers in the Reconquista area (Buenos Aires, Argentina)
Execution Period: 36 months
Principal Research Institute: Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM)
Partner Institutions: Economía Feminista, Biblioteca Popular de La Carcova, Centro Cultural y Merendero Los Amigos de Barrio Sarmiento
Considering that the gender condition affects women in a particular way and that the climate change produces relevant local impacts (UN, 2008), this participatory-action research proposal investigates the reality faced by thousands of women migrant workers living in the lower basin of the Reconquista River (CCR), Argentina. This basin, where more than 4.2 million people inhabit, is one of the most polluted in the country, especially when it reaches the northwest of the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires (AMBA[1]), in a region called Reconquista area (AR) located in the municipal district of General San Martín. There is settled the largest open-air dump in Argentina (the CEAMSE) which, at the same time, is the livelihood of a large part of the approximately 500,000 people who inhabit this municipality (if we account for the official figures of the INDEC Census 2010 and the estimates made by the informal settlements surrounding it themselves).
Despite the conditions of vulnerability and environmental risk of the Reconquista area, the migratory displacement from Paraguay and Bolivia, as well as from the provinces of the northern Argentina, to the nearly 15 settlements of this specific zone of the district is caused by the combination of socioeconomic, environmental and climatic factors. These migrations are pulled by the increasing degradation of natural resources as a result of recurrent floods and droughts, the advancement of the agricultural frontier and the monoculture of transgenic soy. In destination, migrants of the AR must face other socio-environmental problems derived from the pollution of the river and garbage, which also generate floods alongside with severe health problems. In fact, it is estimated that only in this area where the open dump is located live about 110,000 people (although most have not been surveyed or registered by government agencies) with a clear predominance of young women, girls and adolescents from migrant families. Among them, this research focuses on the approximately 60,000 women who, as we estimate, live in these neighborhoods of the municipality of San Martín, and it will place a special emphasis on those approximately 2000 that develop their work in this dump located in the margins of the river.
Overall, it seeks to identify and promote a set of socio-environmental strategies developed and deployed by these women for the maintenance of their family nuclei whose responsibility lies mostly on them. It will first investigate the extent to which climate change impacts differentially on women's migration to this area. Secondly, it will examine the area's socio-environmental and climatic conditions that determine the ability of women migrants to fully exercise their rights and participate of the decisions that affect them. For this purpose, the multiple vulnerabilities of the neighborhoods where women migrant workers reside in AR will be assessed through bi-directional (two-way) processes of identification and construction of knowledge about climate change, gender and migration. These activities will produce a system of indicators and practices to promote the strengthening of the capacities of migrant women to fully defend their multiple rights, also reinforcing public policies with transformative gender equality approach aimed at improving living and working conditions of AR. In addition, these experiences and teachings can be replicated in other areas of the Reconquista River basin, specifically in neighboring municipalities corresponding to the AMBA.
General Objetive
To streng then social and gender equity in the lower part of the Reconquista River Basin by providing transformative capacities to women migrant workers based in the surroundings of Argentina's largest open-air dump in order to access and guarantee their rights.
1) To enhance knowledge of the strategies and resources of women migrant workers in the face of differentiated climate change impacts on female migration to the Reconquista River Basin study area;
2) To increase dialogue and awareness about the living conditions of migrant women and their involvement in political decisions at local and provincial level, through the strengthening and creation of organizational networks;
3) To challenge social an gender unequalities by provinding new skills to women migrant workers to legitimice them as social and environmental carers of the Reconquista Area (AR);
4) To promote the adoption by local and provincial governments of successful social innovations, which contribute to public awareness and debate around socio-environmental problems and the role of female migrant workers in dealing with climate change.
As climate change is a global scale problem (OHCHR 2017, UN 2000, UN 2015), its consequences are perceived at the local level, and they unequally affect the various groups and territories (Gudynas 2004, Martínez Allier 2005). Among them, the most affected are populations that reside in informal settlements, mostly on the margins of watercourses, such as those that are the subject of this study. Generally, these populations live in conditions of extreme poverty and are exposed to high environmental degradation, two problems that are mutually reinforcing (Besana, Gutiérrez, Grinberg 2015). Impoverished sectors of the countryside and the city are forced to settle on land with little or no commercial value, mostly in floodable areas, exposed to environmental pollution from various sources, such as: industrial spillage pollution, sewage dumps, «open pit» rubbish dumps and degraded water courses (Curutchet, Gutiérrez, Grinberg 2012). On the other hand, inadequate provision of basic environmental services further aggravates the environmental conditions present in informal settlements (Besana, Gutiérrez, Grinberg 2015). Residents of such settlements are often in a situation of energy poverty and environmental injustice with respect to the rest of the population (Swyngedouw 2004) and are exposed to the effects of climate change, especially by heavy rainfall that increases the level of the courses of the rivers and streams. Such is the situation in the Reconquista area (AR), where around 110.00 people live, with living conditions and livelihoods highly difficult. The problem is further aggravated by the 60,000 women who reside in these contexts[2]. In a large number of migrants, women tend to be at the same time those who are most exposed to the environmental conditions of the territory where they reside and who perform tasks to improve those conditions. Indeed, in the territories into which these women arrive; the urban environmental risk is high, if we consider three discrete elements: climatic threats, vulnerability and adaptability (Mehrotra et al 2009). Climatic threats are the climate-induced stresses, such as heat waves, droughts, sea level rise and floods. On the other hand, vulnerability refers to the physical and socioeconomic attributes that determine the degree of susceptibility of a city, including the propensity to flood, land area, elevation, population density, economy and percentage and composition of their low-income populations. Finally, adaptive capacity refers to the city's ability to respond to climate-related stresses. In this context, we understand that climate change can act as a «transforming stress factor» that can influence institutional change and how governments deal with the problem. That is why in this proposal we will analyze the environmental risk based on adaptation strategies and their planning. For that, we will attend to the solutions provided by the State, but also to the community alternatives. These neighborhoods were historically used as illegal waste landfills, so they are generally low-elevation land and with a lot of unlevels on their surface. Also, as mentioned, in this area is located the largest landfill of the country, the environmental complex North III of the CEAMSE that receives approximately between 17,000 and 18,000 tons of daily waste, from all the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area (AMBA). For this reason, this is the municipality with the highest concentration of recyclers in the country, who are the ones who carry out the job of collecting, selecting, recovering, transforming, commercializing and reuse of solid waste in the first link of the chain of marketing and retrieval of material. The proximity to the landfill constitutes one of the greatest sources of work, especially for the unemployed sector and informal workers. So, we ask: 1) What is the differential impact of climate change on female migration in AR? 2) What role do migrant workers play in the socio-environmental problems of the AR, mainly the floods of the Reconquista River and the contamination of the landfill?
These big questions are crossed by so many others that become visible through the intersectionality that-as a focus-we will adopt to analyze the processes and elaborate proposals for action. In this sense, we believe that the gender category is not a closed entity or acts in isolation, but is built and negotiated in the social context and in relation to processes such as climate change, migrations and labor markets, and with various social categories with which they dialogue, along with other variables such as the existing institutional framework and the symbolic representations that frame the social spaces they inhabit. So, to those initial questions we could add: How does the gender category appear in environmental conflicts in the area? How is it articulated with other central categories such as ethnicity, nationality, class, generation, among others? What is the specificity that makes it relevant in the context of migration? What identities are promoted and used for public and political action on the part of these women? In order to develop proposals for action, we will also seek to respond: what are the effects of these constructions on the production and reproduction of the lives of women, migrants and AR workers? What obstacles do they face and what strategies do they deploy to access their basic rights? What state policies and agencies serve and seek to ensure access to the public resources and infrastructure of the area? How do they apply? Do they encourage the participation of the target population, mainly women migrant workers? What alternative and practical proposals exist that we can promote in order to carry out educational and transformative experiences based on the training of leaders, the construction of networks and the strengthening of public systems of protection of rights?
A participatory research-action methodology (IAP) is proposed which, due to the complexity of the migratory reality in the territory, is born with an interdisciplinary character, involving researchers from different fields and disciplines, with an interest to increasingly involve students, referents of organizations and public officials. Through this look, we identify three factors that aggravate the vulnerability of the female migrant population. The first concerns the environmental problems of AR, which, as we mentioned, become the location of the largest open-pit landfill in Argentina. The second refers to the fact that migrant women in the area are actually crossed by the intersectional elements of social marginalization, which makes them live processes of condensation of social inequalities. They experience the overlap of exclusionary factors linked to their ethnic affiliation, of class, of age and of national belonging, which will be much more incisive in their marginalization, because they combine these characteristics with their obligations as economic, care and emotional heads of their families.
From participatory-action research (IAP) a work organization is posed from the technique of disaggregated work structure (WBS). This approach understands that a project becomes more manageable when it is divided into individual parts, implying a hierarchical breakdown of the work to be carried out by the team oriented to specific products aimed at achieving the proposed objectives. In our case, the activities to be carried out will be organized into 4 components each one of which corresponds to one of the specific objectives of the project: 1) Information production: Realization of a qualitative and quantitative survey that includes the completion of cartographies and the creation of a file, alongside with a diagnosis on climate change's impact in the area under study, 2) Strengthening and creation of networks: It consists in the identification of relevant actors and the creation of inter-institutional spaces for debate and proposals for conflict resolution, 3) Education and training: It is a series of educational experiences in the territory ranging from the realization of a diploma certificated by the University to the practices in schools, among other, 4) Communication and creativity: It focuses on conducting a public broadcast campaign that will involve the creation of numerous products (audiovisual, performances, etc.)
Key expected outputs
1 report summarizing the research on the existing vulnerability and policy patterns in the lower river basin and mainly in the Reconquista area, as well as the characteristics of the population with focus on migrant women workers.
1 series of cartographies that illustrate both socio-environmental problems and some resources aimed at their reduction,
1 Digital Platform (website) and virtual interaction database, accessible to both researchers and policy makers, public employees, social organizations and mainly migrant women leaders of community groups from the Region,
1 Letter of commitment of the strengthened and unified networks in a new network,
1 set of differential impact indicators of gender policies in the area,
40 graduates of the diploma, about 20 to 30 migrant women, in addition to state workers at their different levels and students of the university,
1 doctoral thesis, 1 of master's degree and at least 2 of degrees focused on the thematic of the project,
4 booklets/brochures for the elaboration of local and provincial policies for policy makers and other State actors,
3 academic articles for specialized journals, with at least 1 published at the end of the Project,
10 Press articles distributed or published in the local newspapers,
1 set of audiovisual products that report the process and serve for the public dissemination campaign of the research,
1 theatrical piece related to socio-environmental reality in AR from a gender perspective.
Key expected outcomes:
Generation of new knowledge on vulnerability and impact of climate change on women migrant workers at the Reconquista River ;
Increased interactions among local networks of researchers, policy makers, women migrant workers and other stakeholders to facilitate the adoption and scaling up of a gender approach in innovation strategies for adaptation to climate change ;
Capacities improvement of research team members, technical local staff and junior researchers in applied methodologies in order to participate in projects implementation;
Empowerment of women migrant leaders in Reconquista River communities to develop new skills and to become owners of their own decisions,
Adopt new ways to manage climate change risks on their livelihoods and resources
The adoption and implementation by the local government of gender-egalitarian policies that improve adaptation and safety in the face of climate change, and thus improve their livelihoods.
[1] The AMBA is conformed by the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires (CABA) and the 34 municipalities of the metropolitan area also called Gran Buenos Aires (GBA) or suburbs (conurbano bonaerense).
[2] According to the last census of population of the year 2010, in the entire river basin Reconquista inhabit 4,239.091 people. In the municipality of San Martin, that is part of this basin, inhabit 405,122 people, of which 37,850 are migrants and of those 12,300 are women. These figures do not account for the Reconquista area (or AR) where the census did not arrive or official statistics such as the Permanent household survey. The organizations in this region estimate that some 110,000 people live with a predominance of young women, girls and adolescents from migrant families or descendants of domestic and international migrant families.


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FOX, Sean Hannity, Tucker Carlson and Right Wing Political Pundits Prove they're LAWLESS TRAITORS and SCUM OF THE EARTH who doesn't deserve to live in the United States by disparaging the January 6 hearings which are exposing Trump & Republicans lying about the 2020 election, inciting riots, violence, an insurrection and COUP to overthrow the United States Government, overturn / steal the 2020 election and install Trump as an UN-ELECTED DICTATOR.
Republican Propaganda Minister Tucker Carlson lies to his GULLIBLE, LOW INFORMATION viewers to keep them in the dark and from learning the truth about Trump & Republican's January 6 Insurrection, Sedition and Treason
Why Fox News Doesn't Want To Air The Truth About Jan. 6
Trump has what Nixon and Joe McCarthy did not: A major news network that will run interference for the ex-president in real time. And Fox has apparently decided that the best way to shield Trump from the embarrassing truth the Jan. 6 committee will reveal in its hearings is to simply not cover them at all."
On January 6, Right-Wing Media Is Living In Another Universe
Most major news networks aired last night's 1/6 hearing in full — and then there's right-wing media, which seems to live in an alternate universe. In spite of facts and a 10-month-long investigation, Ayman says, "a whole separate reality has been manufactured by the right." Media Matters for America President Angelo Carusone joins Ayman to discuss.
'Why Is Fox Going To Extraordinary Lengths To Hide Jan. 6 Hearing Proceedings?'
Fox News will not be airing the Jan. 6 hearings live, a move with clear political implications. "If Jan. 6 is such a nothingburger, as Republicans and propaganda outlets like Fox News would have us believe," Democratic strategist Kurt Bardella asks Joy Reid, "then why are they going to such extraordinary lengths to hide the committee proceedings?" MSNBC legal analyst Paul Butler also joins The ReidOut with his analysis.
Top British Broadcaster REACTS to Tucker Carlson LIES about Jan 6 Hearings
Under Fire: Fox Pushed The 'Big Lie,' Censored Jan. 6 Hearing To Cater To Audience
A Fox News politics editor was fired after he accurately called states for now-President Biden during the 2020 election. Now, the former editor is a star Jan. 6 witness speaking out about how Fox misrepresented and lied about the election. MSNBC's Ari Melber explains how the network is facing multiple billion-dollar lawsuits over its coverage of voting machines and how Fox is choosing to cater to its audience over reporting the facts.
PolitiFact – As America watched Jan. 6 hearing, Fox viewers heard Tucker Carlson's alternate reality
Fox News host Tucker Carlson didn't just ignore the first primetime House hearing dedicated to the Jan. 6, 2021, attack on the U.S. Capitol. He spent the show rehashing many of the same falsehoods about the attack he has promoted for months.
Per the above article from PolitiFact: Fox News host Tucker Carlson didn't just ignore the first primetime House hearing dedicated to the Jan. 6, 2021, attack on the U.S. Capitol. He spent the show rehashing many of the same falsehoods about the attack he has promoted for months.
As other major TV networks carried the June 9 hearing live, Fox News stuck to its regular lineup of pro-Trump opinion hosts while delegating live coverage to the less popular Fox Business Network and streaming platform.
Carlson and fellow host Sean Hannity ran hour-long shows with no commercial breaks and featured guests who have promoted discredited theories around the day. Laura Ingraham, host of the 10 p.m. slot on Fox News, went to commercial a few times.
Carlson, perhaps the most conspicuous promoter of falsehoods downplaying the attack, previously dismissed the Capitol insurrection as a "footnote" in American history.
The hearings Fox didn't air included revelations about its own hosts. Committee vice chair Rep. Liz Cheney, R-Wyo., highlighted texts from Hannity to White House press secretary Kayleigh McEnany on Jan. 7 calling for "no more stolen election talk."
Aly Colón, a professor of media ethics at Washington and Lee University, said Fox News' decision to ignore the hearing represented a "breach" in terms of informing its audience.
Carlson falsely suggested that President Joe Biden could not possibly have received millions more votes than President Barack Obama and espoused suspicion about votes counted after Election Day, arguing it justified the rioters' anger. (Fact-check.)
He once again claimed that the attack was "not an insurrection" and downplayed the role of white supremacists. He claimed "not a single person in the crowd that day was found to be carrying a firearm," even as court documents show several rioters had firearms and dozens more wielded knives, bats and other real and makeshift weapons. He claimed Ashli Babbitt, the woman fatally shot by police as she tried to force her way further into the Capitol, "posed no conceivable threat to anyone." He suggested that a man named Ray Epps was proof of FBI involvement, even though Epps told House investigators he has no FBI ties and other evidence undercuts the conspiracy theories surrounding him.
Carlson misleadingly claimed that police let the rioters inside the building, focusing on one video from a day-long event that saw the rioters fight through police lines and assault about 140 officers.
Carlson's lineup included several right-wing media personalities whose blog sites have spread false claims about the 2020 election and the Jan. 6 insurrection, such as Julie Kelly of the website American Greatness, Sean Davis of the Federalist, and Darren Beattie of Revolver News.
Beattie, a former White House speechwriter who was fired in 2018 after appearing on a panel with a white nationalist, played a starring role in "Patriot Purge," Carlson's three-part film that sought to recast Jan. 6, 2021, as a FBI-led false-flag attack meant to frame, trap and "purge" Trump voters in a "new war on terror." Beattie and Carlson issued similar warnings on Carlson's show June 9.
"He speeds through a litany of information, questions and commentary, leaving viewers dazzled but dizzy," Colón said. "The content matters less than the delivery. It reinforces what his viewers already believe."
You Literally Can't Believe The Facts Tucker Carlson Tells You. So Say Fox's Lawyers
Tucker Carlson appears to be made of Teflon. Fox News' top-rated host has been repeatedly accused of anti-immigrant and racist comments, which have cost his political opinion show many of its major advertisers. Yet Carlson endures in his prime-time slot. Carlson even attacked his own network's chief news anchor on the air, with no real consequences.
Per the above article; "You can't expect to literally believe the words that come out of Carlson's mouth. And that assertion is not coming from Carlson's critics. It's being made by a federal judge in the Southern District of New York and by Fox News's own lawyers. U.S. District Judge Mary Kay Vyskocil's opinion, leaning heavily on the arguments of Fox's lawyers: The "'general tenor' of the show should then inform a viewer that [Carlson] is not 'stating actual facts' about the topics he discusses and is instead engaging in 'exaggeration' and 'non-literal commentary. "
Fox News Coverage Of Jan. 6 Hearing Was New 'Level Of Propaganda'
"Fox News went to great lengths not just to avoid airing the hearing and to counter-program—but to do everything in their power to make sure that their viewers were shielded from the brutal truth about the violent coup that Donald Trump fomented.
Here's Everything We Learned From The First January 6 Hearing
Chris Hayes breaks down what we learned from just the first night of the Jan. 6 hearings: "We on this show have been covering the insurrection and its aftermath about as closely as anyone in the media. And there were still multiple brand-new revelations last night that took us by surprise."
Hannity FLAILS After Jan. 6 Texts Unveiled By Cheney
Fox News host, Sean Hannity, tries to distract people from watching the Jan. 6 committee hearing as a Hollywood Trump smear campaign. Meanwhile, during the Jan. 6 hearing Liz Cheney revealed Hannity's text conversation with Kayleigh McEnany on Donald Trump's election fraud claims, which was opposite to his texts to Mark Meadows.
Lawmaker calls out Fox's decision not to air Jan. 6 hearings
CNN's Jim Sciutto asks Rep. Steve Cohen (D-TN) to weigh in on Fox's decision not to air the January 6 hearings, which committee members have teased could be focused on former President Donald Trump's role in undermining the 2020 presidential election results.
Fox News host Sean Hannity admitted under oath that he never believed Trump was cheated of victory in the 2020 presidential election.
Fox News repeatedly aided Trump's efforts to undermine election results, laying the groundwork to cry foul if Trump lost, echoing debunked theories of fraud, pushing the idea that Democrats are trying to "steal" this from him, and arguing that Trump is justified in pursuing his claims of a rigged election. This pattern of coverage continued in the lead-up to the day of the riots.
No wonder FOX doesn't want their viewers to see the J6 hearings, because FOX was partly responsible for inciting the insurrection, attempted coup to overthrow the U.S. Government and steal the 2020 election.
TEXTS REVEAL Sean Hannity TOOK ORDERS From Trump White House
Jesse talks about what newly public text messages reveal about the relationship between Fox New's Sean Hannity and Donald Trump's White House in the aftermath of Trump's 2020 election loss to Joe Biden. In text messages between Sean Hannity and WH Chief of Staff Mark Meadows, Hannity replied with "Yes sir. On it" when ordered by Meadows on how to talk about the election.
Texts show Sean Hannity behaving like a member of Trump's Whitehouse team
Bombshell Text Evidence Ties Trump Allies to Coup Plot
Explosive new stats evidence in the January 6th committee probe was revealed. CNN obtaining more than 2,000 leaked text messages with Trump's Chief of Staff Mark Meadows revealing communications before the riot and in the moments after it. From Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene asking Trump to declare martial law to Donald Trump Jr. asking to "condemn" the riot to Sean Hannity taking orders from Meadows. Ari Melber reports on the new evidence and is joined by Former Solicitor General Neal Katyal who calls on Attorney General Garland to act immediately.
Here is Trump's SEVEN-PART PLOT To Overthrow the Government and Stay in Power!
Jesse outlines the 7-part criminal conspiracy that was mentioned by Liz Cheney at the first public hearing of the January 6th House Select Committee investigating the insurrection against the United States. Jesse goes deep and plays clips to back the assertion that Donald Trump entered into a wide-ranging criminal conspiracy to overthrow the U.S. government and remain in power.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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CJA's mission is to deter torture, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and other severe human rights abuses around the world through innovative litigation, policy, and transitional justice strategies. Our goals were to better educate the world on their work, make it easier for their target audiences to find the information they are looking for and to inspire more people to get involved.
We used rotating text on the homepage slider and custom icons to better tell CJA's story and scope of work, and incorporated captivating images of people throughout the site to evoke emotion and personalize human rights issues.
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Hi, I have been working for the past few months to get new windshield wiper arms for our IG 32 Europa 2001/2002 model. It has a Vetus motor and I have spoken to Jamestown the distributor three times. I have taken pictures and taken the arms and blades off, but the process to find what I have to order is very cumbersome as I live 250 miles from the boat at the moment. Does anyone have the part number from the Vetus Catalog that applies. There are so many choices, and the correct one does not jump out. The blade is around 16 inches and each arm length is around 14 5/8 inches (excluding the pivoting 2 inch section that overlaps with part of the blade and that is 2" in length).
I hate to ask such an apparently simple question, but something this simple has become too complex w/o sending the whole unit to Jamestown or ordering what may work and sending it back and forth.


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Personnel Division (PE), 1964 - 1999
[Back to Internal Organization of CERN]
G. Ullman
A reorganization of the former Administration Division led to the creation of the Personnel Division on 1 January 1964. The Administrative Service, Training and Education Section and Personnel Service moved to the Personnel Division , while the Purchasing Office moved to Finance Division, and the Translation and Minutes Service and Public Information Office moved to Central Services (CS) .
PE division , in collaboration with the other division s of CERN, was concerned with recruitment and selection : staff development and promotion ; staff relation s, consultation and communication s; the fellows and visitors programme; training and education , condition s of employment; welfare and staff services. It was also responsible for CERN office services.
In 1966 under the new structure approved by the Council in June, the Personnel Division together with Finance Division, Technical Services and Building Division, the Health Physics and General Safety Groups, the Public Information Office, the General Services and the Translation and Minutes service were brought together in the Administration Department.
In 1969 the division underwent a major reorganization . As a result of the increase in the number of personnel working at CERN, it had become necessary to remodel the internal organization of the division to make it better fitted to meet the more complex needs of the organization . The Personnel, Fellows and Visitors, Salary Administration , Training and Education , Medical, Welfare, and Office Services Groups and Scientific Conference Secretariat were regrouped in 3 Services : Personnel Management Service, Education Service and the Staff Advisory Service
In 1969 the Division initiated studies on management problems, paying attention to management training and regular training perio ds to improve the theoretical and practical knowledge of the staff.
In 1971 CERN was administratively separated into two laboratories and the Personnel Division remained part of the Administration Department of Laboratory I.
In 1976 it became independent, when the departmental structure was discontinued.
In 1982 PE division became a department integrated into the Administration Unit (until 1985).
In 1986 PE Department became again PE Division
W. O. Lock
F. Niemann
C. E. Rufer
G. A. Martinez
W. Middelkoop
B. Angerth
W. Blair
J van der Boon
In 2000 the name of PE Division was changed to HR Division.
Source : Annual Reports
Home » Scientific & historical archives » History of CERN » Internal organisation of CERN - Historical chart » Personnel Division (PE), 1964 - 1999


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La decima edizione televisiva del concorso Sanremo Giovani, intitolata Sarà Sanremo, si è svolta a Sanremo il 12 dicembre 2016, presentata da Carlo Conti. L'evento è stato trasmesso anche in radio su Rai Radio 2, commentato in diretta da Carolina Di Domenico e Ema Stokholma.

Durante la serata i 12 finalisti del concorso, precedentemente selezionati da una commissione musicale, si sono esibiti e sono stati giudicati da una giuria, la quale ha scelto tra di loro i 6 cantanti da inserire nella sezione Nuove Proposte del Festival di Sanremo 2017. Ad essi si sono aggiunti altri 2 cantanti, selezionati tra gli 8 finalisti provenienti da Area Sanremo. Novità di questa edizione è che, nel corso della serata, sono stati annunciati anche i nomi dei ventidue cantanti che hanno fatto parte della sezione Campioni del Festival di Sanremo 2017 (i cosiddetti Big).

Cantanti

Controversie
L'eliminazione dei La Rua — e de facto l'esclusione dalla partecipazione al Festival — è stata oggetto di forti critiche, sia sul web sia da parte del pubblico in studio, per le potenzialità e l'apprezzamento del brano da essi presentato; per questo motivo, Carlo Conti ha annunciato che il pezzo sarebbe stato utilizzato come sigla del Dopofestival.

Giuria
Amadeus
Fabio Canino
Andrea Delogu
Anna Foglietta
Massimo Ranieri

Ascolti

Note

Voci correlate
 Festival di Sanremo 2017

Festival musicali del 2016
 2016

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
El marquesado de Atarfe es un título nobiliario español con grandeza de España. Fue creado con dicha grandeza por el rey Alfonso XIII, mediante Real Decreto del 6 de febrero de 1902 y Real Despacho del 3 de abril siguiente, en favor de Ana Germana Bernaldo de Quirós y Muñoz, González de Cienfuegos y Borbón, dama de las reinas María Cristina y Victoria Eugenia y de la Orden de María Luisa.

La concesionaria era hija de José María Bernaldo de Quirós y González de Cienfuegos,  marqués de Campo Sagrado, embajador en Constantinopla, Atenas y San Petersburgo, diputado a Cortes, senador del Reino, caballero gran cruz de la Orden de Carlos III, maestrante de Granada y gentilhombre de Cámara de S.M. con ejercicio, y de María Cristina Muñoz y de Borbón, su mujer,  marquesa de la Isabela y vizcondesa de la Dehesilla, dama de la Orden de María Luisa; y nieta materna de la reina gobernadora María Cristina de Borbón, viuda que fue del rey Fernando VII, y de Agustín Fernando Muñoz y Sánchez, su segundo marido,  duque de Riánsares. Estuvo casada en primeras nupcias con Luis de Jesús de Borbón y Borbón (1864-1889),  duque de Ánsola, hijo de los infantes Sebastián Gabriel de Borbón y Braganza y María Cristina de Borbón y Borbón, su segunda mujer, hermana del rey Francisco de Asís.

La denominación se refiere a la villa y municipio andaluz de Atarfe, en la provincia de Granada.

Lista de marqueses de Atarfe

Historia de los marqueses de Atarfe

La concesionaria fue

• Ana Germana Bernaldo de Quirós y Muñoz (1866-1934),  marquesa de Atarfe, dama de las reinas María Cristina y Victoria Eugenia y de la Orden de María Luisa.

Casó dos veces: en primeras nupcias con Luis de Jesús de Borbón y Borbón (1864-1889),  duque de Ánsola, grande de España, caballero gran cruz de las Órdenes portuguesas de Cristo y Avís y maestrante de Sevilla, hijo tercero de los infantes de España Sebastián Gabriel de Borbón y Braganza, infante también de Portugal, gran prior de San Juan, y María Cristina de Borbón y Borbón, su segunda mujer, hermana del rey Francisco de Asís.

Y en segundas casó con Manuel Méndez de Vigo y Méndez de Vigo, embajador de España de carrera, diputado a Cortes, gobernador civil de Guipúzcoa, gran cruz de Carlos III, gentilhombre de Cámara del rey Alfonso XIII con ejercicio y servidumbre, hijo de Felipe Méndez de Vigo y Osorio, de los condes de Santa Cruz de los Manueles, y de María de la Paz Méndez de Vigo y Oraá.

Por acuerdo de la Diputación de la Grandeza de 1942 y Carta del 4 de abril de 1952, sucedió su hijo del primer matrimonio:

•  Manfredo Luis de Borbón y Bernaldo de Quirós (1889-1979),  duque de Hernani y  de Ánsola,  marqués de Atarfe, tres veces grande de España, diputado y procurador en Cortes, caballero de la Orden del Toisón de Oro, bailío gran cruz de la de Malta, grandes cruces de las de Carlos III y la Beneficencia y de las portuguesas de Cristo y Avís, comendador de la Legión de Honor francesa, maestrante de Granada, medalla de oro y gran placa de la Cruz Roja Española, gobernador de la Liga de Sociedades de la Cruz Roja y miembro de su Consejo de Gobernadores, etc.

Casó dos veces: la primera en 1920 con Leticia Santa Marina y Romero (1899-1925). Sin descendencia.

Y en segundas nupcias casó con María Teresa Mariátegui y Arteaga, hija de Jaime Mariátegui y Pérez de Barradas, grande de España y conde de Quintana de las Torres, gentilhombre de Cámara de S.M. con ejercicio y servidumbre, y de María Josefa de Arteaga y Echagüe,  marquesa de La Guardia, de los duques del Infantado. Sin descendencia.

Por cesión del anterior y Carta del 17 de diciembre de 1968, sucedió su sobrino (hijo de Manuel Méndez de Vigo y Bernaldo de Quirós, su hermano uterino, nacido del segundo matrimonio de la primera marquesa, y de María del Consuelo del Arco y Cubas, su mujer, de los condes de Arcentales)

•  Francisco Javier Méndez de Vigo y del Arco (1920-2013),  marqués de Atarfe, caballero de la Orden de Malta.

Casó con María de las Angustias Pérez-Seoane y Roca de Togores, hija de Juan Nepomuceno Pérez-Seoane y Roca de Togores,  conde de Riudoms, de los duques de Pinohermoso, y de María de las Angustias Roca de Togores y Pérez del Pulgar, su segunda mujer, de los marqueses de Alquibla.

Por Real Carta del 27 de mayo de 2016, sucedió su nieto

•  Ignacio Olagüe y Méndez de Vigo,  marqués de Atarfe, que en 2018 fue desposeído del título por sentencia judicial.

En ejecución de sentencia, y por Orden publicada en el BOE del 15 de octubre de 2018, sucedió su primo (hijo de Francisco Javier Méndez de Vigo y Pérez-Seoane y de María José da Cunha Mendes de Vasconcelos y Guimarães, su mujer, y nieto también del  marqués)

•  Francisco Javier Méndez de Vigo y Mendes de Vasconcelos,  y actual marqués de Atarfe, grande de España.

Bibliografía y enlaces externos

 Elenco de grandezas y títulos nobiliarios españoles (Madrid: Hidalguía, varios años)
 Hobbs, Nicolás. «Marqués de Atarfe» en la antigua web Grandesp.org.uk, archivada y visible en Archive.is.
 Moreno Mórrison, Roberto. Guía Nobiliaria de España 1945-1947 (Madrid: Diputación de la Grandeza, 1947), p. 23.

Referencias

Grandeza de España
Atarfe
Atarfe
Títulos nobiliarios de la provincia de Granada
Atarfe
España en 1902


During the same period beginning in 1992, Timmons worked closely with the two lobbyists, Samir Vincent and Tongsun Park, on a previously unreported prospective deal with the Iraqis.
"Obama has tried in private to persuade Iraqi leaders to delay an agreement on a draw-down of the American military presence," Post columnist Amir Tehari wrote, quoting Iraqi Foreign Minister Hoshyar Zebari who told the Post that Obama during his meeting with Iraqi leaders in July "asked why we were not prepared to delay an agreement until after the US elections and the formation of a new administration in Washington." Continue reading here.


text:
The
[`String.split/3`](http://elixir-lang.org/docs/stable/elixir/String.html#split/3)
function comes with two options: `trim` and `parts`. However, when using it
with a regex pattern, you gain access to a couple extra options, including
`include_captures`. This is because when used with a regex pattern,
`String.split` just invokes `Regex.split` which comes with extra options
like `include_captures`.

Here is `String.split` in action by itself and with the supported `trim`
option.

```elixir
> String.split("23d", ~r/\d+/)
["", "d"]
> String.split("23d", ~r/\d+/, trim: true)
["d"]
```

Adding in the `include_captures` option, we get a resulting list that
includes the value captured by the splitting regex.

```
> String.split("23d", ~r/\d+/, trim: true, include_captures: true)
["23", "d"]
```

This isn't a documented feature, so it is only supported as long as
`Regex.split` supports it and as long as `String.split` continues to
delegate to `Regex.split`.

h/t Chris Erin

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


(StatePoint) Playtime is the perfect time to foster your children's self-expression and creativity. Here are a few fun ideas to try at home.
Karaoke is not only a blast, it lets kids take center stage and pretend to be their favorite stars. Consider a karaoke machine built specifically for kids that's packed with engaging content. For example, the new VTech Kidi Star Karaoke Machine features games, sound effects and voice effects for creative musical expression. Its Music Magic feature allows kids to turn down the main vocal track so they can be the star, and works with MP3 files, streaming music services and karaoke videos, so there's no limit to their inspiration. A recording feature with fun voice-changing effects gives kids an opportunity to hear their performance.
Host a music theme night, birthday party or put on a special concert. With a disco light that twists 180 degrees for colorful light effects, and audience sounds such as applause, cheering and laughter, kids can truly feel like they're on stage.
Want to take the show on the road? Consider something portable, such as Kidi Star Music Magic Microphone, which connects to MP3 players and mobile devices and is packed with games and voice effects. For more information, visit vtechkids.com/kidistar.


Power pop meets paranormal: Sunspot at the Majestic, Sept. 29.
When Mike Huberty, Ben Jaeger and Wendy Lynn Staats met as freshmen in 1996 at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, they formed a band they eventually called Sunspot. The trio began making epic-sounding power pop and never stopped.
The music is sunny on one side and dark on the other. Quirky songs ripe with metaphors blur the lines between the paranormal and pop culture, finding inspiration from the likes of sci-fi writer Arthur C. Clarke and occultist Aleister Crowley.
Sunspot soon learned to embrace its charming weirdness, and almost two decades later, the band members are making some of the best music of their career. New album Weirdest Hits is an aptly titled compilation of songs culled from Sunspot's popular paranormal podcast, "See You On the Other Side." Each week's episode is punctuated with a Sunspot song. Originally released in the form of several EPs, these songs are now available on Weirdest Hits.
Ghosts, aliens and ancient prophecies populate the album, which also includes three new songs: "Mother of Time," "Don't Shoot First" and "Messiah Complex" — a sing-along thrill ride about aliens, early Christianity and survival.
Sunspot knows all about surviving.
The trio embraced digital technology long before many other bands of their era, resulting in an international fan base. Talking about the old days with Sunspot is like taking a crash course in the history of the Internet.
First, there was the band's vintage GeoCities website with psychedelic colors and RealAudio song samples in 1997. By 2000, members of Sunspot were personally sending emails to fans and inviting them to upcoming gigs. They also frequented Yahoo Chat, a free online chat room service that allowed participants to play songs for each other live on the Internet and then comment on them.
From 2005 to 2014, the band recorded about 250 podcasts from a touring van, and in 2012, Sunspot hosted Google Hangouts on a regular basis.
Then there were the letters they wrote at the turn of the millennium to members of Congress, urging their support of Napster. The pioneering peer-to-peer file-sharing system wreaked havoc on the music business, but it worked to Sunspot's advantage, says Jaeger, the band's bass player. People halfway around the world who would never attend a gig in Madison were able to hear Sunspot's music. Some became serious fans, even sending band members gifts from overseas.
Rock essentially vacated the Top 40 after grunge flamed out by the late 1990s. Surrounded by Lilith Fair-style artists, Limp Bizkit imitators and awkward ska and swing resurgences, Sunspot managed to keep shining well into the new millennium, outlasting many of their peers — both locally and around the country.
One reason for that longevity is the fact that band members have always treated Sunspot like a business. For two of them, Sunspot is essentially a full-time gig. And because the band doesn't fit nicely into one specific genre, it never had to live up to the expectations of a fickle audience.
The band members, all now 38 years old, are not ashamed to admit that their musical influences range from Queen and Iron Maiden to Brad Paisley and Weezer to Green Day and Social Distortion.
Sunspot will perform at the Club Tavern in Middleton on Nov. 20 and the Brink Lounge on Dec. 4.
I've had the privilege of calling Sunspot friends (and for a time, musical colleagues) almost since their beginning. NOBODY works harder than this band to push themselves professionally, and creatively. The podcasts, the road journals, the live-streams back and forth to gigs, the yearly visits to SXSW, the constantly seeking out new and innovative ways to get their stuff out there, their brilliant self-produced videos, their grueling self-funded tours, their multi-media rock opera...Even more impressive than their body of work is their ability to find new and exciting things to DO with it. Their entire enterprise stands as a DIY masterclass in how to advance your endeavors.
Anyone who produces creative work should find themselves inspired by Mike, Ben and Wendy on any of a thousand levels. Sunspot can't even turn around without stepping in genius, and I love them for it.


text:
Dean Reed, 1978
Musician Dean Reed returns to East Berlin after his acquittal in the "Farmers' Protest," 1978.
Dean Reed (1938–86) was a singer-songwriter and actor from Denver who enjoyed a stint of popularity in the 1960s and 1970s before experiencing a slow slide into obscurity by the end of his life. Best known for his time spent living and recording in the Soviet Union at the height of the Cold War, Reed's life reflects the intense polarization of the world he wrote about as well as the political activism typical of many musicians at the time.
Born in 1938 and reared in suburban Denver's Wheat Ridge, Reed always accomplished what he put his mind to. He began playing the guitar at age twelve, hoping that it would give him confidence around girls. As a high school senior in 1956, he excelled in track, chorus, a cappella club, student council, boy's club, assembly, citizenship, and intramurals. During two summer vacations he played guitar at Harmony Guest Ranch near Estes Park, sometimes donating his earnings to the American Cancer Society. He also performed at Phipps Auditorium in Denver. Upon his graduation in 1956, Reed attended the University of Colorado (CU) in Boulder to study meteorology.
At CU, Reed earned average to above-average scholastic marks but excelled in extracurricular activities. He joined the gymnastics team and became president of the gymnastics honorary organization that performed for high schools, clubs, and half-time shows at basketball games. Reed joined the Independent Student's Association and performed in the music group Sock and Buskin while continuing to play guitar and sing folk music, popular ballads, and country-western music.
Talent scout Roy Eberhart was in one of Reed's audiences during that time, and he convinced Reed to drop out of CU after his sophomore year and go to Hollywood. Later that year, Reed packed his guitar, demonstration records, and Eberhart's letter of introduction into his white Chevrolet convertible and moved to California. On his way to California, a poorly dressed hitchhiker caught Reed's eye. The hitchhiker proposed a deal: if Reed paid for a night in a hotel, the hitchhiker would give him the name of an agent. Reed accepted, and amazingly the wanderer turned out to be a genuine representative of Capitol Records; within days Reed had a seven-year recording contract with Capitol.
Reed did a screen test and signed a contract with Warner Brothers' star school. In 1958 he appeared in a few television shows and movies as a walk-on extra and bit player. Warner Brothers' acting coach Paton Price—who taught Dick Clark, Jean Seberg, and Don Murray—became Reed's mentor. Reed soon moved in with Price and his wife. While living with the Prices, Reed learned a lesson that would guide the rest of his life's work: art should be a mode of promoting one's beliefs.
By 1960 Reed had recorded four albums, with Our Summer Romance becoming a regional success in the southwestern United States and, somewhat surprisingly, in South America. That summer, Reed staged a pair of concerts at his alma mater, CU. A 6,000-member fan club in the Rocky Mountain region avidly supported his tour. Two years later, Reed's songs still appealed to a limited pop-music audience, but he had yet to sign any significant television or movie roles. In the spring of 1962, Capitol Records dispatched Reed on a forty-day tour of Brazil, Chile, and Peru to promote his latest album, which included a composition of his own, "Once Again."
A year after Our Summer Romance went to the top of the Chilean charts, Reed surpassed Elvis Presley in the South American Hit Parade polls. In March 1962 Reed left Hollywood for Santiago, Chile, without informing his agent or his mother. Reed enjoyed billing as the "Magnificent Gringo," and despite sporadic flak from radio DJs, who criticized his move as a publicity stunt, Reed remained in South America. It was there he discovered an indelible force that would control the trajectory of the rest of his life: politics.
Radical Politics
Reed lived among other North American stars in Chile, but he was the only one who emerged from their time there with a burning political message. During his travels, the sharp divergence between rich and poor nagged at Reed. He recalled Paton Price's advice to use art to advance one's cause, and came to believe that his music could save the world from hatred, violence, and war. Shortly after establishing himself in Chile, he placed newspaper advertisements decrying atomic testing. On April 26, 1962, Reed wrote a letter to the Chilean people urging them to demand that US President John F. Kennedy stop atomic tests. Soon the Chilean poets Pablo Neruda and Victor Jara, as well as the Chilean communist leader Salvador Allende, took Reed in as one of their own.
Partly because of his outspoken ideology, Reed's career blossomed. By 1964 Reed and his new wife, Patricia, lived in a suburban villa in Buenos Aires as he starred in a television series, filmed a Mexican movie, and earned upward of $1,500 per day singing for wealthy people. He also sang peace songs for downtrodden workers and picketed embassies of countries testing atomic weapons. In response to an attack on their house, the Reeds armed themselves. The US State Department sent him warnings about propagating anti-American values. The FBI, wary of Reed's views that the United States should remove itself from the Vietnam conflict and halt all nuclear activity, began secretly tracking Reed's movements.
In 1965 Reed performed before the World Peace Congress in Helsinki, Finland—the largest audience he had ever played for. Nikolai Pastukhov, head of the Soviet Youth Organization and a delegate to the peace conference, observed how the good-looking, Socialist-inclined American warmed the crowd, whose members had been bickering for days. Pastukhov realized that Reed represented an artist who could feed the Soviet masses their daily diet of Western culture without corrupting their beliefs—exactly the antidote for the restive Soviets. He invited Reed on his train, bound for Moscow.
Reed was elated by the attention and the possibility of a new market. He returned to South America but could not stop thinking about the near-Utopia he believed he had found in Eastern Europe. He became an advocate of the Soviet system, as expressed in a birthday letter on September 22, 1965.
Singing Marxist
Reed and Patricia maintained their residence in Argentina, though he traveled frequently to make movies in Spain and Italy. In 1966 Reed went on a singing tour through the Soviet Union. Accordingly, Pastukhov arranged a recording contract for Reed with Melodiya Records, the first rock-and-roll record produced by the Soviet state. In 1967, while residing in Rome, Reed and three other foreign celebrities addressed demonstrators rallying against US involvement in Vietnam. A few months later, he wrote a letter to the International Herald Tribune decrying the "free" elections in Vietnam. Neither the letter nor the rally escaped the attention of the sedition-wary FBI. Convinced of the superiority of the Soviet system, Reed once made the strange and incorrect claim that US citizens would be lucky to live under socialism because "currently half of [United States] children die at birth because there is no money for doctors."
Reed continued to seek out the media spotlight. In 1970, a week prior to the election of Allende as Chilean president, Reed was arrested for washing a US flag in front of Santiago's US Consulate. He explained that he was symbolically cleansing the flag, which was "dirty with the blood of the Vietnamese people" and others living under dictatorships supported by the United States. Tired of his relentless activism and long absences from home, Patricia filed for divorce in 1971 and took their daughter Ramona back to California.
By 1971 Reed had become the USSR's biggest superstar. His popularity was encouraged by the state, as he attacked the government of the United States. Other Eastern Bloc countries followed the USSR and wooed Reed; the Young Communist League of Czechoslovakia awarded him a medal, and Hungary gave him a peace prize. As his star waxed during the remainder of the decade, Reed stayed busy making East German feature films, writing and directing a biopic about martyred poet Victor Jara, and remarrying twice.
American Rebel
In October 1985 Reed returned to Denver for the first time in twenty-five years to attend the Denver International Film Festival, which included a documentary on Reed's life entitled American Rebel. Critics panned the one-sided representation of his life, and the film's showing enjoyed only modest attendance. While in Denver, Reed got into a heated on-air exchange with KNUS Radio host Peter Boyles, comparing Boyles to the group of white nationalists who had recently murdered liberal radio host Alan Berg. The pacifist Reed later stated that he regretted the exchange and hired a bodyguard for the remainder of his public appearances in Denver.
On April 1, 1986, the news program 60 Minutes aired a segment about Reed entitled "The Defector." Until then, few people outside the Russian émigré community had ever heard of Reed. Ordinary Americans watched Reed equate Ronald Reagan with Joseph Stalin, defend the Berlin Wall, and dance with Yasser Arafat. The program elicited angry letters calling Reed a traitor, terrorist, and fraud. From his home in East Germany, Reed pored over every letter knowing that he would never again have a career in the United States.
On the night of June 12, 1986, Reed disappeared while on his way to meet with film producer Gerrit List in East Germany to discuss his ongoing project of many years, a biopic of the 1973 Wounded Knee standoff. Three days later, lifeguards at a lake near Reed's home found his car. Two days later, Reed's body was found in the lake. Even though it was hot and humid on the night of his disappearance, his body was clothed in a jacket and large overcoat, and although the incident report claimed that Reed's body was underwater for nearly four days, his wallet remained dry the entire time, and no water was ever found in his lungs. Despite the mysterious circumstances of his death, Reed's body was quickly cremated. Reed's wife, Renate, originally buried his ashes near their East German home before deciding to re-inter his remains in the Green Mountain Cemetery in Boulder, Colorado.
Adapted from Ariana Harner, "The Singing Marxist," Colorado Heritage 19, no. 1 (1999).
Encyclopedia Staff
Reggie Nadelson, Comrade Rockstar: The Life and Mystery of Dean Reed, the All-American Boy Who Brought Rock 'n' Roll to the Soviet Union (New York: Walker & Co., 2006).
Sabrina P. Ramet, Rocking the State: Rock Music and Politics in Eastern Europe and Russia (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1994).
Red Elvis
Verner Zevola Reed


text:
Q: Google Drive API Multipart upload 502 error I have PHP code which inserts files into Google Drive.  Most of the time it works fine. However I've noticed lately that it will randomly return a 502 error as follows:
  <title>Error 502 (Server Error)!!1</title>
...

502. That's an error.

The server encountered a temporary error and could not complete your request.
Please try again in 30 seconds.  That's all we know.

I believe is a temporary error from Google.
It turns out that the file was actually created on Google Drive, so when I retry the request, I end up with a duplicate file.
As it's returned an error instead of a Files resource, how do I get the ID for the new file from Google?
Thanks

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Today you will be collected from your hotel in Nairobi and transferred 2-hours to Lake Naivasha, a fresh water lake in the heart of the spectacular Great Rift Valley.
Today enjoy exploring beautiful Lake Nakuru National Park with your guide.
A soda lake on the floor of the Great Rift Valley, at certain times of the year Lake Nakuru is home to many flamingos and over 400 different bird species.
With its significant population of endangered black and white rhino, Rothschild giraffe and huge throng of pelicans on its salt waters, this beautiful lake offers sanctuary for a wide variety of other wildlife - including large herds of buffalo, zebra, giraffe, monkeys, baboons, lions, thompsons gazelle, impala, ostrich and much more.
Today transfer to the airstrip for your light aircraft flight to the Masai Mara, named after the Masai people and the Mara River that divides the park.
After checking into your lodge, enjoy a late afternoon game drive.
Note: You will need to be lifted into the light aircraft. Your carer will need to lift you into the front seat of your game viewing vehicle.
Note: You need upper body strength for this safari, as your carer will need to lift you into the front seat of the game viewing vehicle. Children < 6 are not allowed on open top game drives.
After a final early morning game drive in the Masai Mara, transfer to the airstrip for your light aircraft flight to Nairobi.
You will be met at Wilson Airport and transferred to your hotel in this bustling city.
Note: You will need to be lifted into the light aircraft.
Transfer to Zanzibar Airport for your light aircraft flight to Dar Es Salaam where you will be met and transferred to the international terminal for your flight home.


text:
Walk in Bayfront Park Saturday benefits Humane Society of Greater Miami
Walk in Bayfront Park Saturday…
BY RODOLFO ROMAN
Special to The Miami Herald
Animal lovers will be showcasing their four-legged friends Saturday at the 10th annual Purina Walk for the Animals to benefit the Humane Society of Greater Miami.
But the pooches will be out for more than a walk as the event helps raise funds for the organization. More than 3,500 people and their furry friends are expected to walk at downtown Miami's Bayfront Park, 301 N. Biscayne Blvd. The event starts at 8:30 a.m., with the actual one-mile stroll around the park, with or without a dog, beginning at 10 a.m.
Humane Society spokeswoman Laurie Hoffman said the only walk-a-thon for dogs and pet owners is significant.
"It is a fundraising tool for the organization," Hoffman wrote in an e-mail.
With a full $50 registration fee, dog lovers will get an official event T-shirt, a doggie bandanna and a goodie bag with fun items for both the owner and the pet.
"If anyone cannot pay the full $50, we absolutely encourage them to participate but donate something — anything they can — every dollar helps," Hoffman wrote.
Last year's walk raised $170,000. The organization hopes to raise $175,000 this time.
Hoffman added that the walk and other Humane Society events help "support the program and services for more than 250 animals on a daily basis."
At the event, pet lovers will enjoy Purina's Incredible Dog Team, bounce houses, an inflatable basketball court and games for both humans and animals. Music will be provided by 101.5 FM, while breakfast food and a bakery tent filled with homemade treats will help give dog owners energy for the walk.
At least four dogs will be available for adoption. There is a fee for adoption based on size and age.
This year, Miami-Dade County Commissioner Dennis C. Moss will be the Grand Marshall, and University of Miami President Donna Shalala will be the Leader of the Pack.
The Humane Society of Greater Miami promotes responsible pet ownership and spay/neuter programs.
Hoffman said the donations are helpful.
"We do not receive any money from the government nor any other animal welfare organization, and we depend on events," she said.
For more information, visit humanesocietymiami.org.
Categories: Articles, LOCAL NEWS (MIAMI), UncategorizedBy romandh February 18, 2010 Leave a comment
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Phase is the timing relationship between two different sine waves. If two generators are connected across a given load in series, and if their armatures begin rotating together at exactly the same time and speed, two different alternating voltages will be produced. In the example to the left, one is a 4 Volt sine wave, and the second is a 3 Volt sine wave.
If we examine the picture closely, we find that both sine waves meet up at the 0o and 180o points. Furthermore, they both peak out at 90o and 270o respectively. We say, then, that both of the two waves produced by the two different generators are IN PHASE with each other.
Whenever two waves are in phase, like these are, the voltage resulting from the two waves will not be the same as either of the two voltages. The resulting voltage will be the SUM of the two voltages. In this case, we have 3 and 4 volts being produced by the generators, and the resulting output voltage would be 3+4 or 7 Volts.
This is because the energy in the two voltages work together, and combine to add up to 7 Volts. But what happens if the generators are NOT in phase?
Whenever two waves are combined out of phase, the resultant waveform is not so simple to figure out. Look at the picture on the right. The 3 Volt generator was started later than the 4 Volt generator. We say that the 3 Volt wave LAGS behind the 4 volt wave. In this case, the 3 Volt wave LAGS by 90o.
Voltages that are out of phase can not be added simply by adding them together, as we do with in phase waves. We must resort to a sort of "high math" called VECTOR ADDITION. To make it simpler to understand, Vector math simply means that we break out a piece of graph paper, and plot the 3 volt wave horizontaly (left and right), while we plot the 4 volt wave vertically (up and down).
Examine the chart to the left to see how this works. Using our 3 and 4 volt waves, we draw the two lines on the graph paper. Then we draw a "mirror image" of the same two lines.
When we are finished drawing the mirror image, it should form a parallelogram. Now we draw a diaganol line from the "0" point in the middle of the graph, to it's opposite corner of the parallogram. The distance from the 0 point to its opposite corner will be the vectoral sum of the two voltages.
This method works, no matter what the Phase difference is between the two voltages, but does require a little modification if it is different from 90o.
Let us assume now, that instead of the two waves being 90 degrees out of phase, that the 4 Volt wave is lagging the 3 volt wave by 45 o this time.
The method of finding their vectoral sum is basically the same. First we plot the 3 Volt wave horizontally on the chart. Next we measure 45o to draw the second line. We draw the 4 Volt line 45o from the 3 Volt wave.
Now again we draw a parallelogram, reflecting the origional two plotted voltages. We draw a line bisecting the parallelogram from the 0 point to its opposite corner. The length of the resultant line indicates the vectoral sum of the two original voltages.


Need to sell, needs some tlc, but sails really well single handed.
Comes with mainsail, head sail, cruising chute, pole, inboard yanmar 10. Fenders, dinghy, outboard engine, sea toilet, 5 berth (officially, but 4 adults and child comfortably), galley, hidden nav table.
Does have a little osmosis in a couple of places above waterline, foward of the mast, but treatable. I dont have the time. Hence will take an offer.


text:
The Neural Basis of Reading
Un libro in lingua di Cornelissen Piers L. (EDT) Hansen Peter C. (EDT) Kringelbach Morten L. (EDT) Pugh Kenneth R. (EDT) edito da Oxford University Press, 2010
Il prezzo è variabile in funzione del cambio della valuta d'origine
"Only fifty years ago the idea of unravelling the neural code of written language would have aroused ridicule. These skeptics would be amazed at the groundbreaking contributions represented in this superb collection of papers on the neuroscience of reading No reading researcher can remain unaware of the exciting developments that are taking place in this field."---Uta Frith, FmedSci, FBA, FRS, Emeritus Professor of Cognitive Development UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience
"Most people equate the concept of written word with that of meaning and would not imagine that there may be a stage of neural computation that holds not just the physical word or its meaning but intermediary representations inaccessible to conscious evaluation. Reading this book makes it incredibly real that not just one of these mysterious intermediary representations exists but several, and that we are starting to understand what they are and how they interact. This contribution is a state-of-the-art introduction to the neural underpinnings of the most powerful activity of the human mind: reading."---Guillaume Thierry, Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience, Bangor University
Reading is a unique human ability that has become very pivotal for functioning in our world today. As modern societies rely extensively on literacy skills, and as reading disabilities have profound personal, economic and social consequences, it is surprising that we have a very underdeveloped scientific understanding of the neural basis of reading and visual word recognition in the normal brain. A better understanding of normal reading processes could help individuals with developmental dyslexia and other reading disabilities, and also inform our strategies for improving early learning and carrying out effective interventions. Neuroimaging offers a unique window on reading through which we have achieved profound insights into its neural correlates in both health and disease, and has also raised important questions that have generated much scientific debate.
This book addresses some of the fundamental questions in reading research. Piers Comelissen, Peter Hansen, Morten Kringelbach, and Ken Pugh have brought together some of the leading scientists to provide comprehensive articles that shed light on the neural basis of reading. Its broad-yet-integrative treatment is divided into three parts: 1) behavioral data and modelling (with direct implications for neuroimaging), 2) neuroimaging, and 3) impaired reading. The book will be a useful resource for everyone interested in the reading brain, particularly those in neuroimaging, cognition and attention, sensation and perception, language, development and aging, education, and computational modelling.
Titolo del Libro in lingua: The Neural Basis of Reading
Autori : Cornelissen Piers L. (EDT) Hansen Peter C. (EDT) Kringelbach Morten L. (EDT) Pugh Kenneth R. (EDT)
Editore: Oxford University Press
Collana: Oxford Univ Pr (Hardcover)
Data di Pubblicazione: 28 Giugno '10
Genere: PSYCHOLOGY
Argomenti : Reading disability Neurosciences


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"Detroit Rock City" - featuring Bumblefoot (vocals, guitars), Rex Brown (bass), Brian Tichy (drums). Album proceeds donated to cancer care.
A lounge-style tribute to Outkast. Produced by Bumblefoot, featuring Herbert "Ruffles" Lovecraft on vocals.
Bumblefoot, once again as his balladeer crooner alias Herbert "Ruffles" Lovecraft, takes on a new character as Herbert's rival, a 93-year-old belligerent dictator of a bandleader named Checkers Goldstein, featured in the opening track "Without Me". Ruffles sings "Cleaning Out My Closet" and "My Name Is", then all the crooners battle it out in "Soldier." And yet another appearance by Bif and Lyle Beechwood on "The Way I Am".
Bumblefoot, as his balladeer crooner alias Herbert "Ruffles" Lovecraft, sings Iron Man, Paranoid and the beautiful waltz Bark At the Moon. Special guest appearance by the 60's surf music singing duo, Bif and Lyle Beechwood (guess who...) on Crazy Train.
Tribute CD to raise money for Jason Becker, guitarist stricken with ALS. Ron played a duet solo with guitarist Mike Chlasciak for the "Out Jam" song on the CD. All artist royalties and Lion Music's label profits from this album are donated to Jason Becker's family. Please visit www.lionmusic.com for more information.
Tribute to Joe Satriani. Ron covered "Always With You, Always With Me"


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Serving Minden-Gardnerville and Carson Valley
Running Commentary
Best of Carson Valley
Deputy saves Ranchos woman from overdose
The Douglas County Sheriff's Office and East Fork Fire District were dispatched to an address in the Gardnerville Ranchos area for an unconscious female around 7 a.m. Tuesday. Deputies arrived first and the deputy recognized the signs and symptoms of a possible opioid overdose.
The deputy administered a dose of nasal naloxone (Narcan) to the unconscious female. She was revived and treated by paramedics and transported to the hospital.
Narcan, is a drug which can reverse the life threatening symptoms caused by an overdose of an opioid, such as heroin. The Narcan was made available to DCSO through a grant from the Attorney General's Office.
"It is though our partnership with East Fork Fire and Paramedics that we all able to save a life today," said Sheriff Dan Coverley. "If the deputy can intervene in this type of emergency until Emergency Services can arrive, the potential for that person to survive is increased."
SNRW's 23rd annual corned beef and cabbage feast
We are no longer slaves
Where there's a will, there's a power of attorney
Service Feb. 1 for Gardnerville icon
Tahoe Symphony in Minden on Jan. 31
Record Courier E-Edition
Carson City-Nevada


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text:
B2B Charts
YouTube Engagement Rates
Social Use Reasons
Sizing Up Youth
TV Viewing Time
Market Research Cos.
Social User Demos
Ad Spend Trends
Advertising Trends
Creative & Formats
Programmatic & RTB
Spending & Spenders
Brand-Related
Brand Loyalty & Purchase Habits
CSR & Environmental
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Agency Business
Marketing Budgets
Cross-Media & Traditional
Free-Standing Inserts & Circulars
Local & Directories / Small Biz
Promotions, Coupons & Co-op
Loyalty & Rewards Programs
Out-of-Home
MarTech & Metrics
Customer Service & Experience
Lead Generation & Management
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Boomers & Older
Global & Regional
Teens & Younger
Youth & Gen X
Display & Rich Media
Connected Device Comparisons
Non-Mobile Connected Devices
CPG & FMCG
Broadcast & Cable
Pay-TV & Cord-Cutting
Social TV & Multi-Screening
TV Audiences & Consumption
Video Games Provide Entertainment for All Ages
This article is included in these additional categories:
Boomers & Older | Cross-Media & Traditional | Digital | Men | Mobile Phone | Non-mobile Connected Devices | Teens & Younger | Videogames | Women | Youth & Gen X
Playing video games continues to be a favorite pastime for Americans, with three-quarters of US households having at least one video game player. And, while 7 in 10 Americans under the age of 18 play video games regularly, a new report [pdf] from the Entertainment Software Association (ESA) shows that video games hold appeal across all age groups.
Of the more than 214 million video game players in the US, the largest share are between the ages of 18-34 (38%). Adults ages 35-54 make up the second-largest share of gamers (36%), followed by those under the age of 18 (21%). Although the 55+ crowd makes up a much smaller share, they are still represented, with 55-64-year-olds making up 9% of gamers and adults ages 65 and older accounting for 6% of all US video game players.
Where and When Do Gamers Play?
Smartphones appear to be the most common device for adults to play video games, with 6 in 10 (61%) saying this is one of the devices they use for gaming. Also on the list of most common devices for gaming are computers – used by 40% of adult gamers.
A little more than half (52%) of adult gamers indicate they use a game console. Hardware and peripherals for gaming is a thriving business. Almost three-quarters (73%) of gamers say they own a game console. Another 43% own a handheld system, while others report owning a VR device (29%) or a mobile VR device (25%).
The fact that smartphones are one of the most commonly used devices for gaming is not surprising considering that many adults tend to play on-the-go. Although 51% say they play after work or school, others report playing while waiting for appointments (30%), during a break at work or school (26%) or during a commute (15%).
Differences in Age and Gender
Here are a few highlights regarding video game playing among the different age groups and genders:
Three-quarters of male gamers ages 18-34 and 70% ages 35-54 play games on a video console, while 77% of women ages 18-34 and 78% ages 35-54 prefer to play on their smartphone;
Smartphones are also the preferred gaming device for both men (56%) and women (63%) between the ages of 55 and 64;
The oldest age group (65+) prefers to game on their PC (men: 68%, women: 60%);
Some 87% of men and 82% of women ages 55-64 say that games provide mental stimulation; and
More than half (55%) of women ages 18-24 say that games help them stay connected with friends and family, while a full 70% of men in that age group say the same.
COVID-19's Impact On Gaming?
Additional data from The NPD Group shows that COVID-19 has impacted engagement with video games. More than one-third (35%) of gamers say they are spending more time playing video games than they did a year ago. And, while most report increased engagement on platforms they were already using pre-COVID-19 (94%), 6% say they have specifically begun to use a new device during this time.
The full report of ESA's findings can be found here.
About the Data: Figures based on a survey of roughly 4,000 Americans about their gaming habits.
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Post-Pandemic Consumer Behavior Changes to Have Large Impact on Marketing Strategies
Close to three-quarters of marketers surveyed anticipate these behavior changes will have a significant impact on their 2022 marketing strategy.
Last Year's Global Ad Spend Said to Have Outperformed Pre-Pandemic Total by Almost 20%
Total global media ad spend is expected to exceed the $1 trillion mark for the first time in 2024.
Half of Out-of-Home's Top Advertisers Doubled Their Spend Year-over-Year in Q3
Out-of-home advertising revenues grew by 38% year-over-year in Q3.
4 in 5 Consumers in the US Say They'd Stop Using A Product They Discovered Damages the Environment
However, that percentage is higher among consumers in many other countries.
Social Media Forecast to Overtake TV in Ad Spend This Year
Global ad spend is expected to grow by 9.1% year-over-year.
Consumers Looking for Humorous Messaging from Brands
About 6 in 10 US consumers surveyed say they find humorous ads most appealing at the moment.
3 in 4 Adults Are Concerned About Data Privacy with Online Ad Targeting
Some 4 in 10 adults surveyed have seen OOH ads reposted on a social media platform.
Movers Report Making Big-Ticket Purchases
Most new movers have purchased furniture and TVs within 12 months of moving.
Digital Audio Still Mostly Funded by Subscriptions, but Ads' Role Forecast to Climb
Subscription revenues are expected to peak at 63.9% share of total US digital audio revenues this year.
Brands Are Posting More Instagram Stories, but Their Reach Remains Lower Than Feed Posts
Instagram feed posts reach about twice as many users as Stories.
Consumer Trend: Gen Z Seeks More Authenticity in Social Media
Gen Z are more likely than other age groups to say there is too much pressure to be perfect on social media.
Why People Opt In – and Out – of Brand Communications on Smartphones
Most consumers opt into brand notifications on their smartphones in order to earn immediate discounts or loyalty reward points.
Half of E-Commerce Searches Are Informational in Nature
Informational searches are most prevalent in the Health sector, while transactional searches dominate in Furniture.
Streaming Services Get Followers on Facebook, but Engagement on Instagram
Some 74% of engagement with 87 global streaming services' social media accounts occurs on Instagram.
These Brands Had the Fastest Growth in Consumer Buying Intent in 2021
Paramount Plus enjoyed the largest bump in purchase consideration of the brands measured for 2021.
6 in 10 B2B Companies Rely on MarTech Tools from Multiple Vendors
B2B organizations are using an average of 7 martech tools each week.
Google's Top Trending Searches of 2021, and Other Year-in-Review Lists
Sports-related searches topped the list both globally and in the US.
Triopoly to Benefit from 3rd Party Cookie Deprecation
Close to 9 in 10 US marketing decision-makers surveyed rely on data from 3rd party cookies for their marketing and advertising.
Half of US Internet Users Report Smart Speaker Ownership
Some 40% of internet users own an Amazon Smart Speaker.
PR Pros to Turn More to Social Engagement to Measure Efforts
Some 6 in 10 communications professionals plan to measure success by social media shares and mentions.
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text:
'use strict';

describe('user', function() {
    var User;
    var http;

    it('should be defined', function() {
        var userModule = angular.module('core.user');
        expect(userModule).toBeDefined();
    });

    beforeEach(module('core.user'));

    describe('user.service', function() {

        beforeEach(inject(function(_$httpBackend_, _User_) {
            jasmine.addCustomEqualityTester(angular.equals);
            http = _$httpBackend_;
            User = _User_;
        }));

        afterEach(function() {
            http.verifyNoOutstandingExpectation();
            http.verifyNoOutstandingRequest();
        });

        describe('getAll method', function() {
            var expected;

            beforeEach(function() {
                expected = [
                    {
                        username: 'Ben'
                    },
                    {
                        username: 'Baik'
                    }
                ];

                http.expectGET('/secure/users').respond(expected);
            });

            it('returns an array of users', function() {
                User.getAll().
                success(function(data) {
                    expect(data).toEqual(expected);
                })
                .error(function(data) {
                    expect(data).toEqual(expected);
                });

                http.flush();
            });
        });

        describe('get method', function() {
            var expected;

            beforeEach(function() {
                expected = {
                    username: 'Ben',
                    id: '12345'
                };

                http.expectGET('/secure/users/12345').respond(expected);
            });

            it('returns data of specified user', function() {
                User.get('12345').
                success(function(data) {
                    expect(data).toEqual(expected);
                }).
                error(function(data) {
                    expect(data).toEqual(expected);
                });

                http.flush();
            });
        });

        describe('update method', function() {
            var expected;

            beforeEach(function() {
                expected = {
                    username: 'username',
                    id: '12345'
                };

                http.expectPUT('/secure/users/12345').respond(expected);
            });

            it('returns updated user data', function() {
                User.update({username: 'username'}, '12345').
                success(function(data) {
                    expect(data).toEqual(expected);
                }).
                error(function(data) {
                    expect(data).toEqual(expected);
                });

                http.flush();
            });
        });

        describe('remove', function() {
            var expected;

            beforeEach(function() {
                expected = {
                    username: 'username',
                    id: '12345'
                };

                http.expectDELETE('/secure/users/12345').respond(expected);
            });

            it('returns deleted users data', function() {
                User.remove('12345').
                success(function(data) {
                    expect(data).toEqual(expected);
                }).
                error(function(data) {
                    expect(data).toEqual(expected);
                });

                http.flush();
            });
        });
    });
});


With a stay at this vacation home in Nelson Bay, you'll be within a 5-minute drive of Dutchies Beach and Tomaree National Park. This vacation home is 0.1 mi (0.1 km) from Myall Lakes National Park and 0.3 mi (0.4 km) from d'Albora Marinas Nelson Bay.
Make yourself comfortable in this air-conditioned vacation home, featuring a kitchen with a refrigerator and a microwave. There's a private balcony or patio. Cable programming along with a DVD player are provided for your entertainment.
Take advantage of the vacation home's room service (during limited hours).


Notes by Gunnar (SustainableEnergy), Poul (Council for sustainable traffic), the last one via phone from Copenhagen.
Gunnar presented the Danish situation after which Poul told about the European cooperation "Back on track", and confirmed a meeting with Kurt in Brussels in January 2018.
Then Kurt told about the ÖBB experience with the extension of NightJets. They have met their expectations. But they have had more start-up problems than expected and are still having some problems, for instance with the automobile loading in Hamburg that gives too many delays and they also have technical problems with some wagons. ÖBB now has three hubs in Germany: Hamburg, Düsseldorf and Munich. They run trains in a way so that all major maintenance is in Austria, even for the wagons running Hamburg – Zürich as they are also used on the Zürich – Vienna train and will in this way be in Vienna on a weekly basis.
They are working on maximising yield, which in practice means to variate prices according to demand with higher prices in summer and at other high seasons.
In Germany the night trains are operated by DB with German drivers while the conductors are Austrian (contractor).
ÖBB will now use the two first years 2017 and 2018 to stabilise operations, eventually plan a minor extension of the network in 2019, and acquire 100 new wagons, which will be in operation in 2020/21. New cars are for the Italian market, but will release cars to other lines. There are no final plans of which extensions could come, if any at all. It depends on the economy of the current routes and business prospects of new routes. While 100 wagons in principle would allow the opening of 7 new lines, some of the existing wagons will be phased out as they are very old.
ÖBB will only open new lines if they have a strong partner in the other end that can carry the wagons to the destinations, for instance as part of other trains. Of the European train companies only Dutch NS have been interested, and they have actually asked several times for a possible train to Amsterdam. ÖBB will not operate a train in Denmark. ÖBB will ask DSB to operate it within a partnership with ÖBB. DSB shall provide the traction, switching and guarantee the operation on Danish tracks.
We discussed the idea of having lines to Copenhagen from 2021. For Kurt and ÖBB Copenhagen is far away, but also Amsterdam is far away. It has to be a whole new system of night trains, not only an extension of the existing Hamburg-routes. The next concern is the high track-use fees in Germany, which is a problem for the North – South routes, Denmark – Basel and Denmark – Munich. We discussed if we could fill a train with Danish passengers in direction Basel or Munich. We also discussed the Cologne – Amsterdam line, which is interesting for the Dutch and has less of the expensive track-use in Germany, but that need some other connections to Amsterdam, as it cannot be justified with only Danish passengers. Since we have now got started to talk, we should come back to discuss all this at the end of 2018.
If the promise from June 2017 in the German Bundestag of lower track-use fees for night trains in Germany will be carried out the business case to Denmark will be easier to believe.
ÖBB are not currently discussing a night train to Copenhagen with DSB. But ÖBB are talking with DSB about the DSB efforts to buy new locomotives and new IC-wagons.
Could ÖBB sell combinations of ÖBB and DB/DSB discounts? Kurt has not staff to develop this further, so we cannot expect much more (ÖBB actually sells online combinations of ÖBB economy tickets for night trains with standard price tickets from Hamburg to Denmark). It is a tradition to make bi-lateral agreements about tickets across the border with full acceptance of rebate systems. Companies do even not agree upon the definition of a "child". Kurt could inform that the German BahnCard 25 as well as other rebate systems will remain on the NightJet trains. NightJet tickets to Christmas are now for sale with ÖBB.
Could DSB sell ÖBB tickets online together with Danish tickets? ÖBB offer a 10% sales fee for all sellers of ÖBB tickets, so DSB could develop such a system, if they want; but of course DSB would have to pay the software development costs. Currently DSB sells such tickets via the telephone.
Other options. Kurt told that "trainline" https://www.thetrainline.com/ currently sell ÖBB tickets and he believe that such operator-independent ticket sellers will be more important in the future (as they are for airlines). In a few years systems will be ready to combine and sell the most favourable tickets across Europe – but the process should be speeded up. Kurt does not believe it is necessary that train companies like DSB sell ÖBB tickets. National companies will in the future stick to national tickets.
We discussed the short connections between Danish and ÖBB trains in Hamburg. Kurt told us that he had not been aware of the problem, and we could discuss it for 2019, as 2018 timetables are already fixed. We would then have to discuss it in the first three months of 2018 as timetables are basically fixed in early April for the following year.
Gunnar asked about the Metropol night train system and Kurt told that it is being discontinued because of political order by the Hungarian government that does not want to pay for the deficit. He was told (probably by the Hungarians) that Metropol was running with a heavy loss. The system was discontinued with a short notice, so ÖBB had not chance to save it.
Thanks – interesting! One comment, Trainline.eu doesn't really sell ÖBB tickets – well, it technically does through its connection to SNCB, but only at full price TCV rates, it cannot sell Sparschiene. Which makes it pointless, like a travel agency that can only sell £3000 full flex air ticket s from London to New York. At present nobody connects to ÖBB's system so you can only buy from oebb at itself unless the train in question can also be booked at cd.cz or bahn.de drpending on route.
Very interesting. For your next discussions, please highlight that customers in Denmark, Holland and so on are often purchasing two tickets; one to Hamburg/Düsseldorf with a night train (or day train for that matter) and another to go cross border to Denmark/Holland, as this is often significantly cheaper than one ticket for the whole journey. This means that the train operators' statistics are misleading as many train journeys seem much shorter than they are in reality.
I m a man from MIlano and i m interrailer since 1990:in last may i travelled throughout europe with my INterrail Nr 28 and i d be very interested about a new train Zurich(may be)-Hamburg-Padborg Kopenhague…(may be).
The route throught Great Belt is anyways very interesting for me as rail enthusiast.
May be it ll be a new NightJet Wien Koln Amsterdam by using multysystem rollingstock and may be locomotives,in 2019?
Interrail will be always valable on this trrains by paying relative extracherge for couchette or sleeping car?


Like most things these days, wilderness exploration is suffering from an abundance of ease.
As you know, we are here today to discuss an old idea, one that has never been well-received by the public, and that has always failed because of the shortcomings that are baked into it. We know that it's an idea loaded with false promises and inflated marketing hype.