text:
California's Solar Scorecard
New York TimesDespite living in America's premier green state, most of the state's homeowners continue to rebuff solar power...
Californians: meet your sun. Or, rather, remember it.
Despite living in America's premier green state, most of the state's homeowners continue to rebuff solar power as a way to shrink their electricity bills, and simply plug into their local public utility much as their parents did.
The numbers paint the apathetic picture. Out of 7.7-million single family homes statewide, only about 50,000 have roof-mounted photovoltaic cells. In Los Angeles, the nation's eighth sunniest city, only 1,627 homes boast solar hookups.
Just as distressing as that skimpy adoption rate, not one recognizable leader — not L.A. Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa, not Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger — has done enough from the bully pulpit recently to highlight home-based solar.
The presumption seems to be that when the Wal-Marts of the world and the utilities themselves better harness renewable sources (think massive solar installations and wind farms), everybody will have.
Besides, we're lobbing money at the problem. The state plans to spend $3.3 billion, including $2.2 billion under the ratepayer-funded California Solar Initiative, to add 3,000 megawatts of sun-generated power by 2016.
To date, about 256 megawatts have come on line — a real achievement considering that during the 1980s and 1990s, only nine megawatts were added here in America's solar capital.
Trouble is, corporations and institutions will scarf up most of that new capacity, when record state and federal subsidies can almost halve consumers' equipment costs. Why? First, the outreach has been spotty. Second, even with those sweeteners, a typical home solar setup can run $24,000, and most people don't have that disposable cash to lower their long-term electricity expenses after the Great Recession.
It didn't have to be this way.
Californians remember the electricity brownouts of the early 2000s. They know slowing climate change will mean new taxes, as it already has in L.A., and that new power plants are unlikely. A recent state law requiring utilities to pay homeowners for excess solar power they generate might have helped, but critics believe it's too stingy — and utility-oriented — to ignite consumer excitement.
So it's more hypocrisy in the Golden State, where we promote eco-living with low-carbon restaurants and carpool lanes and yet fail to inspire millions to tap that gargantuan generator in the sky.
Note: this Op-Ed was part of a New York Times "Room For Debate" online roundtable. To see the entire set of opinions and comments, click here.


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February 2011 News ›
HMRC teetering on the brink
An investigation by MPs into Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs has revealed a poorly run operation that is rapidly losing any semblance of trust the public may previously have held.
A group of MPs led the investigation and consulted some of the country's most respected tax experts. They learned that HMRC has effectively become a shambles, with incidences of incompetence worryingly rife.
Considering the public are often hit with heavy fines if they make errors relating to tax, it is impossible to imagine a worse scenario than a tax body that doesn't practice what it preaches.
According to the consultants, HMRC staff are under qualified and poorly trained, they consistently give out bad advice, often lose important documents and in many cases simply do not know what they are doing. One of the MPs involved in the investigation, Andrew Tyrie, described HMRC as "a tax system whose very integrity is at risk".
Apparently, the seeds for these astonishing problems were first sown in 2005 when HMRC merged with the Inland Revenue. Since then a fleet of skilled, and respected, employees have left HMRC, only for inadequate replacements to be brought in.
The finance experts brought in to help the MP investigation highlighted a number of incidences form their own experiences that drum home the sorry state HMRC is in. Paul Aplin, chairman of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales, said: "We regularly wait two to three months for a reply to a letter. When you chase, the answer that you regularly get is, "We can't find the letter""
Mr Aplin also drummed home the problems that regular citizens who are unable to seek financial assitance could encounter: "They wouldn't have a clue if their tax coding was right or wrong, but what they do have is an absolute trust that a Government department would get it right."
HMRC have also been heavily criticised for their 0845 phone number, which can cost 40p a minute form mobile phones.
The investigation has been labelled as a look at the administration and effectiveness of HMRC. Confronted with the shocking findings an HMRC spokesman said: "We are determined to improve those areas of our business that are currently not delivering the quality of service to which we aspire.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Worker participation at the supervisory board has always been subject to controversial debate. It is not the aim of this paper to examine worker participation as to its advantages and disadvantages, but to give the reader an overview of how companies can determine the depth, form and level of worker participation by choosing between different legal structures within the EU. Generally speaking, three alternatives can be identified. First of all, companies that do business across boarders in the EU/EEA and are organised as joint-stock companies may establish a European Company (Societas Europaea = SE) from October 8th, 2004 on. The Council of Ministers has agreed on the European Company Statute during the Nice Summit in December 2000 after more than 30 years of controversial debate. In this context two legal instruments have been enacted, the council regulation (No. 2157/2001) on the Statute for a European Company, which rules the internal corporate governance structure of the SE, and the council directive (2001/86/EC) supplementing the Statute for a European Company with regard to the involvement of employees on the company level, which emphasises voluntary negotiations between employees' representatives, a so-called special negotiating body, and the management. The negotiation's outcome primarily depends on the negotiating skills of the parties involved. If no agreement is achieved, the management, however, still wants to establish a SE, standard rules are applied that are specified in the Annex of the Directive. Secondly, companies continuously organise their activities by choosing a legal form that is provided by national law. According to rulings as to freedom of establishment by the ECJ, member states have to recognise companies that have been established according to legal provisions in another member state as long as this member state follows incorporation theory. This means, for instance, for the management that it may establish a British private limited company. Then the ltd. can even transfer its administrative centre to Germany. In order to do business there, the ltd. must be registered in the German commercial register. Consequently, German legislation regarding worker participation at the company level cannot be applied. Finally, the proposal for a EU directive on cross-border mergers of companies with share capital is mentioned in this context. The proposal provides two alternatives concerning worker participation in the case of a merger. On the one hand, one ore more companies participating are subject to any form of worker participation so far and there are no national provisions on worker participation in the member state, where the new company is incorporated. In this case a procedure in accordance with the SE Directive will have to be established. On the other hand, the member state, in which the new company is incorporated, offers national provisions regarding worker participation. They will have to be applied in consequence. In sum, the above-mentioned organisational alternatives might put considerable pressure on the different industrial relations systems persistent in the EU. In the long run, this pressure might result in a convergence not only of the industrial relations systems but also of the corporate governance systems.
Companies doing cross-boarder business in Europe can choose between several national and European legal alternatives. In the centre of this paper, are two of them: alternatives provided by the freedom of establishment and the European Company Statute. The focus of this paper is not on the practical implications of these two action alternatives for enterprises, but on the judicial issues arising in this context. After presenting the current rulings of the European Court of Justice regarding the freedom of establishment and the basic contents of the legal acts, council regulation No. 2157/2001 and council directive No. 2001/86/EC, regarding the European Company (SE), two issues of great importance are examined in this context: the issue of the governing law and the issue of harmonisation. Finally it is presented to the reader to what extent those European provisions are consistent, respectively, restrict one another.


Very good and fast boost,everything went smooth the only mistakes made were mine.
Skilled guy, plays to carry - that is what I expected and you did it with ease. Thank you for your help, I would definitely recommend you.
Inverts is very fast and very kindly. I'm happy to met him!!
my booster was really good =) and he really did a good job :) [everything else is not that great.. but its fine as long as the booster is kind playing good] The booster had a 75% winrate in in Diamond IV so really nice!


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Very satisfying follow-up with simpler arrangements and more of an acoustic emphasis, often capturing a fresh outdoorsy singer/songwriter mood similar to early Mark Heard, Ron Moore or John Fischer. Sparkling acoustic guitar work, sometimes with piano quietly trickling in the background or the gentle sound of Arp strings. Judy Stromberg adds simple vocal harmony to a few songs. Twelve titles, including 'Fill Me Again', 'The Rain Song', 'Thought I Would Be Happy', 'The Immigrant Song' and 'You Are The First Melody'. All lyrics and music by Bob Stromberg. See also CHIC '76 and CHIC '80. (The Archivist by Ken Scott, 4th Edition).
I'm looking forward to giving this one a listen. Your website is beginning to look beautiful. Keep up the good work. Peace, Eric.
Thanks Eric. I'm working on it.
Relaxed Jesus music with very good lyrics. This album is a blessing. Thank you for making this music available.


Many people view the process of replacing timpani heads as a somewhat complicated and sometimes even mysterious undertaking. However, once you are familiar with the proper steps involved, you'll find that it is a relatively simple procedure. The following suggestions may help when it comes time to deal with the inevitable; replacing those old timpani heads. Since the mounting of plastic heads and calf heads each involve a different method, the focus of this article will be on plastic heads only.
As many of you may know, the process of putting heads on a Ludwig or Yamaha instrument (a drum with a free-floating pedal) and a Dresden-type instrument (a drum with a pedal/clutch mechanism) is quite different. However, there are a few things that you should do regardless of what kind of instrument you have.
First, keep in mind that heads need to replaced on a regular basis. Some people will replace a head only when it has been broken or severely dented. Depending on their use, most timpani heads should be replaced every one to two years.
When removing the old head, make sure that the pedal mechanism is secure. A piece of wood can be wedged between the toe of a free-floating pedal and the frame to prevent the pedal from moving. For Dresden instruments, make sure that a block of wood is underneath the rocker arm (the horizontal bar underneath the frame) to prevent it from falling down when the head tension is released. With Dresden instruments, I normally set the pedal to the lowest pitch when a new head is being mounted.
After removing the head, inspect the inside of the timpani bowl for dents. Small dents can be removed by using a rubber hammer. I usually put a piece of wood on the outside of the bowl while hammering the dent from the inside. This will prevent you from hammering the dent through to the other side of the bowl. Always try to hammer out the dent from the edges; gently moving your way inward.
Make sure that the lip of the bowl is clean. Years ago, most timpani heads were lubricated with some kind of paraffin (wax), graphite, or cork grease. Very fine steel wool and solvent can be used to remove the old lubricants and any dirt that has accumulated. After the lip is clean and dry I put on a layer of teflon tape (manufactured by 3M). I prefer to use teflon tape because it doesn't dampen the head. Also, if it is put on properly, it can last forever - putting an end to the cycle of cleaning off an old lubricant to put on a new one. A roll of teflon tape costs about $30.00.
Now the drum is ready for the new head. Although there are a few different brands of plastic heads to choose from, I prefer Remo heads. Several years ago, Remo started producing heads with a synthetic "backbone" (see diagram below). This backbone line indicates the direction in which the plastic was stretched during manufacture and will provide the player with an appropriate beating spot. Remo also manufactures heads with insert rings (steel or aluminum). These help to serve a better "seal" around the lip of the bowl and produces a thinner bearing edge due to the sharp angle that is created. Keep in mind that if you use a head with an insert ring that your counterhoop (the top rim) will be slightly higher than if regular heads are used (see the illustration below).
Place the new head on the drum and place the counterhoop on top of the head. Make sure that the collar (the distance between the lip of the bowl and the counterhoop) is the same distance all the way around the drum. Screw the tension rods (by hand) at opposing points and tighten as much as you can with your fingers. With a Ludwig or Yamaha instrument, you will need to use a tuning key to place each drum in its proper playing range (see chart below). Turn each tension rod with the key (the exact same number of turns) at opposing points. With Dresden instruments, you may get the drum in range by tightening the master tuning key or fine tuner. Under normal conditions, I like to make sure that the rocker arm is level to the floor when the pedal is placed in the middle of the ratchet bar.
Examine all areas of the head for any wrinkles. If wrinkles exist you may need to take up the tension a little bit in that particular area. However, if wrinkles are present in the collar area, you have a couple of choices. If the wrinkle is not too bad, you may want to leave it alone and, with time, the drum will adjust itself to that area. If you feel that the wrinkle is affecting the sound of the head dramatically, some timpanists will gently remove it with the use of a heat gun.
To make sure that the head has been mounted evenly, many timpanists will measure the height of the head from the counterhoop at each tension rod. There are many ways to do this - I use a dial-caliper (found at any hardware store) to get an exact measurement. This will insure that at each tension rod point, the head is being pulled down at exactly the same tension.
Now that the head has been properly positioned, leave the drum on a high pitch for 24 hours. It is best if you can store the instrument in a warm area (at least 75 degrees or so). This will allow the head to conform to any irregularities of the bowl. After this 24 hour period has elapsed, you'll find that the pitch of the drum may have lowered a little bit and you may have to tighten the head again to place the drum in its correct playing range. If the instruments are moved on a regular basis you might want to use a permanent marker to mark where the bowl touches the head. I usually mark it along the top of the head at each tension rod point. You´ll be able to tell immediately if the head has shifted (this usually happens if the drum has been moved incorrectly).
At this point, try to refrain from making any fine tuning adjustments. Playing the instrument on a daily basis will help to mature the sound of the head. After a few weeks, tap on the head at each tension rod area and make the necessary adjustments to ensure that the pitches at each tension rod are identical. The plastic head will continue to sound better with each passing day.


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Darn Tough have worked closely with boot fitters to create these Darn Tough Function 5 Over-the-Calf Cushion Ski Socks which have five comfort pads to protect common pressure points. Shin padding protects from shin bang while Achilles padding reduces heel lift. We even developed a pad zone that protects the top of the foot from second buckle pressure. Yes, we are sock geeks.


The course content is designed by the instructor based upon his learning of GMAT/GRE's quantitative section patterns of the past decade. The course is well structured and classified so that students do not need to go through the entire class just to revise a particular concept.
Young aspirants striving to score high in GMAT should join this course. The course provides various strategies of attempting the paper and tricks to quicken your calculation to help you score better in less time so that you can spare the important minutes for other time consuming sections of GMAT.
Why GMAT Quantitative Aptitude Course?
Since GMAT Verbal is trickier than GMAT Quant, why not pull maximum score in the quantitative aptitude section. With experienced trainer, understand GMAT Quant concepts in detail, practice large number of Quant questions provided in this course and learn important strategies to attempt the questions in minimum time.
Ravi Handa has trained hundreds of students for quantitative aptitude portion of GRE / GMAT and other standardized tests in past 7 years. A published author, he is also a contributor at many leading websites in the domain of test-preparation including, Rediff.com, Pagalguy.com, Minglebox.com and Gyancentral.com. He holds a Bachelor's and Master's degrees in Computer Science from IIT Kharagpur.


All-Star Bands are often to be treated with caution. Three experienced and internationally renowned soloists do not automatically make a good trio. All the nicer if, as in the present recording, they succeed wonderfully. Despite restricted rehearsal time these three distinctive individualists got together and made it seem light and easy. And what makes it even more valuable: they create an unmistakable trio sound. Dylan Fowler from Wales, Berlin-based Scotsman Ian Melrose and the Breton Soig Sibéril explore their Celtic heritage as an organic unit. In addition to traditional Breton, Scottish and Welsh tunes it is primarily Fowlers compositions that almost imperceptibly expand and enhance the scope. His travels around the world have left deep musical traces. The main emphasis is on the eighteen steel strings, but also lap-steel guitar, percussion and low whistles are used. And due to the fact that you never really quite know who is doing what when, there unfolds a completely relaxed and serene mood. No summit of the super-egos, but quite simply enchanting music. With "Albatross", the final tribute to Peter Green, a (Celtic) Guitar Journey ends - one that will hopefully continue in the near future.
Put three of your favorite guitarists from the Celtic genre together and you get a wonderful CD: Dylan Fowler (Wales), the Berlin-based Scotsman Ian Melrose and Breton guitarist Soig Siberil came together at the invitation of Lorient for a festival performance. And it worked so well that the guys decided to futher develop the project "Celtic Guitar Journeys" and record a CD.
A repertoire was assembled with a remarkable number of Welsh tunes, traditional and self-penned by Fowler. Additionally Siberil brings some Breton tunes in, again traditionals and original compostions, though his composing style means both work together effortlessly (which is which?). Melrose also contributes some Scottish traditional tunes. It makes Celtic Journey Guitars, despite being purely instrumental, a very diverse album.
And having said that, you realize when listening it is difficult to know whether you are listening to a Welsh, Breton or Scottish melody. It might seem that the musical cultures of the regions are not so terribly different, but it has more to do with the fact that the players lend each piece/set a unique identity. One tune blends seamlessly into another, there is a constant in the sound spectrum – a trio sound, which makes for an album radiating peace and enjoyment - without being in the least stale or artificial. Fowler, Melrose and Siberil solo cheerfully and cleverly.
It is difficult to discern exactly who does what in every song. Fowler takes more solos and likes jazzy chords, Siberil is the engine and Melrose the lubricating oil, see the solo halfway through McPhatter's Reel for that trademark sound. Besides guitars you hear some whistles, percussion and a very subtly played lap steel. It is a pleasure to listen to the interplay of the three virtuosos, e.g. in the Gavotte & Reel set. You wonder how these guys never once trip over their own fingers as the notes fly by, without sounding at all rushed - and then three players simultaneously!
Surprisingly, the final track is the only "non-folky" track. With great respect for the original version they play a very fine adaptation of Peter Green's iconic guitar hit "Albatross" (Fleetwood Mac) in their unique way.


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Aculight, a developer of innovative laser technologies, has been awarded a new contract under the federal Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) programme. The $125k Phase I award from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) will fund development of a handheld laser-based nerve stimulator for use by ear, nose and throat (ENT) specialists to identify cranial nerves during surgery. The device will use infrared nerve stimulation (INS), a versatile technology that is also poised to diagnose and treat those suffering neurological trauma, including the growing population of young, brain-injured veterans returning from combat.
'This NIH award will lay the foundation for a laser-based, handheld, non-invasive tool that could help surgeons avoid the nerve damage that sometimes occurs during medical procedures,' said Mark Bendett, Aculight's director of medical products. 'For example, identifying the facial nerves during head and neck surgery substantially lowers the risk of facial paralysis, which can occur in extreme cases. This is yet another step in Aculight's plan to develop medical laser products that enhance peoples' lives through treatment of both acute and chronic neurological deficits.'
Ultimately, Aculight plans to develop a compact probe that gives a surgeon precise real-time feedback of cranial nerve function during the surgical procedure. Thanks to this ability to precisely locate critical nerves, the risk of inadvertent damage and subsequent functional loss could be significantly reduced. While electrical nerve stimulation has been in use for many years, infrared nerve stimulation promises improved spatial resolution and scanning ability, allowing superior tumour resection and surgical outcomes.
The new cranial nerve stimulator will be a key addition to the company's rapidly growing line of optical medical devices, following the development of the Capella R-1850, the first infrared neural stimulator. Moreover, the company is currently working toward the first optical cochlear implant (OCI).
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Cashout memberships are when members pre-pay for a long-term membership, usually for the reason of getting a better deal, for putting up all of the money upfront. One of the advantages of cashout memberships is the guarantee that a member will stay that length of time; however, pre-paying can also decrease long-term motivation and could mean potential cash flow issues. Here are some of the risks and benefits of cashout memberships at your martial arts school.
Different types of schools may have similar pricing structures, with some nuances. More casual or fitness-focused martial arts schools may have a variety of drop-in options, whereas a more traditional martial arts school may not even allow drop-ins. Promotions can bring on changes to your regular pricing schedule as well. Most schools provide the best value on long-term memberships, with per-day cost being lower, the longer the membership. Drop-in options are going to be the least value-driven and annual memberships tend to be the best in value.
Taking a closer look at long-term – or cashout – memberships, we see an advantage for the consumer for saving money, with the disadvantage of having to pay the lump sum upfront. For the martial arts school, the advantages are the guarantee of their membership throughout the duration of the contract and a relatively big sum of money being injected into the revenue stream. The disadvantage is that, without good cash flow management, having too many payments come in at unexpected times can strain your capital in the long term. Additionally, it can have other side effects on your students' motivation levels.
Cash flow is a difficult point for most first-time business owners or managers. People frequently underestimate the need for an adequate amount of capital or credit that is required for running a business, especially for membership-based businesses. Due to natural patterns, most businesses will experience busy seasons where they'll have a large amount of revenue, interspersed with slow seasons. For schools that have a strong emphasis on children's programs, these seasonal patterns are often more intense.
Business owners, especially new ones, may make the mistake of being too optimistic in their projections, due to a good season or year. Keep in mind that, if a student pays for a year, it prevents you from being able to receive any more membership revenue from that student for a year. Keeping organized and on track of your cash flow will prevent you from running out of funds at any point, keeping your business stable. This article on cash flow management from Inc gives a good overview.
Some students who pay a large amount —for example, $1,800 — in one lump sum might start to lose motivation, as the memory and feelings of that payment fade and time passes. According to the Harvard Business Review, someone who pays monthly is more likely to stay motivated. While this doesn't account for students who are intrinsically motivated by their martial arts journey, it's a good reminder as to the importance of this type of motivation.
If you find that too many students are losing motivation halfway through their cashout memberships, it might be a good idea to only make that available to your lifelong students, as a loyalty discount for those that show up year after year. You can also make a note of cashout students in your martial arts management software, notifying you when these students check-in, so your instructors can check in once in a while and make a note that can help build their intrinsic motivation over time.
What are your experiences with long-term cashout memberships? Let us know on our Facebook and follow us on Twitter and Google+, to stay up to date with all of your ChampionsWay news.


Like planets in the sky?
That isn't in the patch.
A round or two for fun.
A treadmill of my own.
Even though the tone of this poem is satiric, it still does not convey the true working conditions of the treadmill. Time spent on the treadmill was mind-numbing. This boredom combined with fatigue could often lead to injury. While the fact that those working the treadmill had no idea whether their labor was productive or not was lauded by its advocates–if the grain supplies being milled with the treadmill ever ran out, for example, the punishment could continue on–critics of the treadmill pointed out that the prisoners never saw or experienced the fruits of their labor, and consequently could not derive any satisfaction from it.
To reduce fatigue, convicts regularly traded working on and off the treadmill at regular intervals, but they were subjected to this exhausting punishment for hours at a time. There were no standards in the construction of the treadmills or in the time convicts spent on them, so what was considered reasonable punishment was left to the discretion of the individual jail wardens. Naturally, some wardens had different ideas of what constituted reasonable punishment and were more brutal than others.
Norwich Courier, September 22, 1830, vol. IX, issue 26 p. 4. Database: America's Historical Newspapers: Readex/Newsbank.
This was written by Anthony Vaver. Posted on Thursday, January 24, 2013, at 11:33 am. Filed under Poems, Prisons and Punishments. Tagged Imprisonment, Punishment. Bookmark the permalink. Follow comments here with the RSS feed.	Post a comment or leave a trackback.


The Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission has issued a binding decision stating that Quebecor must continue to make its TVA Sports channel available to Bell TV customers. Due to an ongoing dispute between the two companies, Quebecor had raised the possibility of withholding Bell's access to the channel during the NHL playoffs. The CRTC decision requires Quebecor to provide TVA Sports to Bell TV "at the same rates and on the same terms and conditions as they did before the dispute, until the parties resolve their dispute or the Commission issues a decision concerning this unresolved matter." Bell has filed a request with the CRTC to resolve the dispute through arbitration.


text:
Comparative Rural History Network- Publications (CORN 8)
The management of common land in north west Europe, c. 1500-1850
M. De Moor, P. Warde, L. Shaw-Taylor (eds.)
Online content: http://www.brepolsonline.net/action/showBook?doi=10.1484/M.CORN-EB.5.105947
This publication seeks to assess in a comparative framework the long-term management of the common lands - collectively managed resources such as pasture and wood which were central to the agrarian economy - and the relative success of strategies in providing the resources sought by the rural population.
"This is a welcome reinvestigation of the role of commons in the wider rural economies of which they were such an important part." (Michael Turner, Economic History Review, 2003, LVI, 3, 582-583).
"(...) we now have a most interesting comparative study that combines the systematic approach of the social sciences with up-to-date historiographies of commons in a large part of Europe, giving rise to new questions and research perspectives." (Petra J. E. M. van Dam, Environmental History 9, October 2004, 743-745)
Until the 19th century very large areas of Western Europe were subject to some degree to common rights, where individual users collectively managed resources such as pasture and wood which were central to the agrarian economy. Much scholarship has focused on the dissolution of these rights and the effects of the enclosure of common land on society and agricultural productivity. In contrast, this volume seeks to assess in a comparative framework the long-term management of the common lands and the relative success of strategies in providing the resources sought by the rural population. Chapters covering northern and southern England, France, the Netherlands, Flanders, Sweden and northern and southern Germany examine the institutional and legal framework of commoning, the resources available and their value, the sustainability of practices, and policies of inclusion and exclusion among the group of commoners. Building on the theoretical insights of recent works on commonly managed resources, this volume, the result of an international collaboration in the CORN network, provides a series of detailed historical studies and is the first major work to address this central aspect of the agrarian economy in a comparative European context.
"The book has provided a sound foundation for such research in the future and is recommended for the light that it sheds on an often neglected aspect of early-modern agriculture and rural society." (I. D. Whyte in H-Net Review, May 2003)
"This is an exciting book by seven historians familiar with the history of Europe from the fifteenth to the middle of the nineteenth century." (E. Ostrom in The Agricultural History Review, vol 51, Part II, 2003, p.242)
"Der Band durch die vergleichenden Studien mit mikrohistorischer Vertiefung neuer und anregender Ergebnisse bietet."(Cerman-Stefanova, Dana, in : Sehepunkte 04, 2004)
"Der Sammelband zeichnet sich durch eine klare inhaltliche Struktur aus und richtet sich nicht nur an Experten und Expertinnen in diesem Forschungsfeld." (Cerman-Stefanova, Dana, in : Sehepunkte 04, 2004)
"Es más, a mi juicio nos hallamos ante un libro modélico en lo que se refiere a las precauciones y exigensias que deberían adoptar quienes se enfrenten a la tarea de editar si su intención última es facilitar la comparación y no meramente coleccionar curiosidades." (Berasain, José Miguel Lana, in : Historia Agraria 38, 2006, p. 174)
North Sea lands studies
Early modern history (1501-1800) : main subdisciplines
Landscapes or seascapes?
Thoen et al. Landholding and Land Transfer in the North Sea Area (Late Middle Ages - 19th Century)
Hoppenbrouwers et al. When the Potato Failed. Causes and Effects of the Last European Subsistence Crisis, 1845-1850
Paping et al. Food supply, demand and trade
Thoen et al. Struggling with the Environment: Land Use and Productivity
Thoen et al. Social Relations: Property and Power
van Bavel et al. Land, Shops and Kitchens: Technology and the Food Chain in Twentieth-Century Europe
Scholliers et al.


manufacture are gypsum (i.e., gypsum comes from quarry production, FGD synthetic gypsum and post-consumer gypsum material) and gypsum paper for facing. When combined the noted inputs produce a main product.
This non-toxic mineral can be helpful to humans, animals, plant life, and the environment. ... Synthetic gypsum with potentially harmful materials is not used to manufacture gypsum board. Members of the Gypsum Association do not use phosphogypsum to manufacture any gypsum-based product.
Gypsum is a subsurface mineral found in plentiful supply around the world. It's an essential raw material used in a long, wide-ranging list of products from drywall and cement to fertilizers, food and much more.
Gypsum is a home rule municipality in Eagle County, Colorado, United States. The population was 6,477 at the 2010 census .  Gypsum is the home of an American Gypsum drywall plant and mine.
Tons of gypsum were brought up the mine shaft daily to be converted into plaster and shipped all over the world. When the plaster rock was mined is contained about 17 per cent water and it was necessary to remove it in order to make it a usable building material.
coal crushing plant,coal process by 600 tonnes/day plant mining equipment About Us Strong production bases, abundant manufacturing experience and professional research team help the in-depth development of mining machines.
Prospectors soon began searching for other gypsum deposits, and this quarry was opened in 1862 by B. F. Smith. Used at first as fertilizer and as an ingredient in plaster, gypsum is now used principally in the manufacture of wallboard.
UPDATE Nov. 15, 2011 Fundy Gypsum permanently closes Hantsport Mine Excerpts from the Chronicle Herald Nov 15, 2011): Earlier this year, USG Corp. of Chicago announced it was idling the mine, which has been producing gypsum since 1934 for export to wallboard plants in the United States.
Gypsum is a home rule municipality in Eagle County, Colorado, United States.The population was 6,477 at the 2010 census. Gypsum is the home of an American Gypsum drywall plant and mine.
Gypsum board is the company's primary product, and National Gypsum is the second largest producer in the United States. The company has 17 operating gypsum board plant locations strategically located near metropolitan areas.
material for cement manufacture. Synthetic gypsum is utilised, but its higher moisture ... tomer, the Dunbar cement plant in Scotland. Demand for gypsum is being driven principally ... and one quarry (Figure 3). Gypsum Gypsum 3 Gypsum Mineral Planning Factsheet Table 2 Downstream value of UK gypsum, 2004.
Holcim gets approval for gypsum quarry in Colorado 16th August 2007 Commissioners Ed Norden and Larry Lasha voted in favor of the permit, pending conditions to be decided at the commissioners' next meeting.Holcim operates its cement plant between Florence and Penrose on Colorado 120.


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Massey, Paul
Clubs played for: Charlton Athletic FC, Leyton Orient, Romford Town, Bishops Stortford, Leytonstone FC, Hemel Hempstead FC, Altringham Town FC. (1969-1986)
Biography: London School Boy honours, left sided full back and midfield player represented England Semi Professionals. After football became an engineer and moved into Managing Director roles for manufacturing business and now a CEO
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'Where Are They Now' is compiled by enthusiastic football fans and we hope that you enjoy the trip down memory lane.
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Please forgive any errors or omissions and do get in touch if you would like to become involved.
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Global miners BHP Group and Glencore Plc halted output at energy and metals operations as two cyclones hit Australia for the first time since 2015.
BHP stopped output at the Pyrenees oil project off Western Australia as cyclone Veronica tracked towards a hub of liquefied natural gas and iron-ore export operations. Ships left ports and workers fled the region ahead of destructive wind and heavy rain as the cyclone crossed the coast on Sunday. In the north, cyclone Trevor made landfall.
Veronica's core reached land midway between Karratha and Port Hedland on Sunday morning as a category 3 system with wind gusts up to 220 kilometres an hour, according to the Bureau of Meteorology. Woodside Petroleum Ltd and Chevron Corp operate LNG export terminals in the region, while BHP, Rio Tinto Group and Fortescue Metals Group ship iron ore from a number of ports dotted across the Pilbara coast.
Cape Lambert and Dampier have been cleared of vessels and port operations have stopped, Rio said in a statement, adding that non-essential workers have been sent home or flown out of the nearby town of Karratha. Rio said that rail operations in the Pilbara and mining at its Robe Valley operations have also been suspended.
All large commercial ships have also been cleared from the harbours and anchorages at Port Hedland and Ashburton, Pilbara Ports Authority said.
Glencore has halted operations at its McArthur River zinc mine and Bing Bong port, and evacuated in preparation for the system.


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Q: Perl's "not" operator not working as expected with the defined() function The following snippet is not working as expected:
$k{"foo"}=1;
$k{"bar"}=2;
if(not defined($k{"foo"}) && not defined($k{"bar"})){
    print "Not defined\n";
}
else{
    print "Defined"
}

Since both $k{"foo"} and $k{"bar"} are defined, the expected output is "Defined". Running the code, however, returns "Not defined".
Now, playing around with the code I realized that placing parentheses around each of the not defined() calls produces the desired result:
if((not defined($k{"foo"})) && (not defined($k{"bar"}))){print "Not Defined"}

I imagine this has something to do with operator precedence but could someone explain what exactly is going on?

A: Precedence problem.
not defined($k{"foo"}) && not defined($k{"bar"})

means
not ( defined($k{"foo"}) && not defined($k{"bar"}) )

which is equilvalent to
!defined($k{"foo"}) || defined($k{"bar"})

when you actually want
!defined($k{"foo"}) && !defined($k{"bar"})

Solutions:

*

*!defined($k{"foo"}) && !defined($k{"bar"})

*not defined($k{"foo"}) and not defined($k{"bar"})

*(not defined($k{"foo"})) && (not defined($k{"bar"}))
PS - The language is named "Perl", not "PERL".

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Ashnikko Teams Up with VEVO for Polychromatic Live Performances of "Daisy" & "Deal With It"
by brockthepigeon
Ashnikko serves looks and gives us a show in her VEVO live performances of "Deal With It" and "Daisy."
Vevo announces the release of Ashnikko's DSCVR performances of "Daisy" and "Deal With It" off her new mixtape Demidevil. Vevo DSCVR focuses on the development of emerging artists, through performance content and careful curation.
London-based, American-born rapper and singer Ashnikko makes genre-bending hip-hop and electronic pop, marked by her hyper-stylized, anime and video game-influenced persona. Art, music and sexual liberation are the three most potent ingredients in Ashnikko's rebellion. Born and raised in suburban Greensboro, North Carolina, her parents raised her on a musical diet comprised exclusively of country music and Slipknot. Spending her teenage years in Eastern Europe, Ashnikko buried herself in music, listening exclusively to female artists until she was 17 – specifically proudly feminist and sex-positive female artists – all of whom shaped her early sound. As soon as she turned 18, she moved to London and spent her nights wandering nightclubs and open mics, eventually establishing a home for herself in the community.
In 2017, she released a digital EP, the Raf Riley-produced Sass Pancakes, which included the track "Krokodil." A second EP followed in 2019, Unlikeable, featuring the song "No Brainer." In 2019, Ashnikko returned with the five-track EP Hi It's Me, which featured "Stupid" with Yung Baby Tate. "Stupid" went viral on several platforms, helping it reach number one on both the Billboard Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart and the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop chart. That same year, she toured with Danny Brown, before releasing "Cry," her collaboration with Grimes, in June of 2020.
Between Ashnikko's aesthetic, uniqueness, and raw talent, we can't tell what we love most! For me personally, being a Greensboro native myself and an aspiring openly queer artist, Ashnikko is a local legend. Not many people know she's from here, because if you know anything about Greensboro, North Carolina, it's nothing like Ashnikko. I'm thankful for Ashnikko's success and continued killer releases, and these live performances from VEVO only inspire me more.
When I started watching the video for "Deal With It," I was mesmerized by Ashnikko's energy immediately. Her jewelry, her outfit, her shoes, her hair, and the polychromatic setting all had my focus. Ashnikko has a way of grabbing your attention in some way or another, but her charisma stands out most to me. She has a way of naturally keeping your attention once she gets you hooked in the beginning. Her lyrics are catchy, the vocal melody is sure to get stuck in your head, and the combined hip-hop and pop elements make "Deal With It" a certified bop. This live performance belongs in all your YouTube Playlists!
The live performance for "Daisy" is another blessing Ashnikko gifted us. Not only does the track have addictive and relatable lyrics, but her vocals perfectly compliment the production of the song. Ash makes it seem so easy and fun to perform these songs, which makes us want to put this video on repeat and dance along with her! I definitely won't be able to get this song out of head for weeks. This video is also a must-add to your YouTube Playlists!
Be sure to check out both performances above, and be sure to stream "Daisy" and "Deal With It" on all platforms! Also, be sure to keep up with exclusive content from artists all over the world on YouTube.com/Vevo.
Ashnikko on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ashnikko/?hl=en
Ashnikko on Twitter: https://twitter.com/ashnikko?s=20
Written By: Bryce Quartz
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/realbrycequartz/?hl=en
Twitter: https://twitter.com/realbrycequartz?lang=en
Posted in female singer, Hip Hop, Music Videos, new release, Pop, Pop Rap, popular, Rap, record labels, Singer-SongwriterTagged ashnikko, daisy, danny brown, deal with it, demidevil, DSCVR, europe, female, female artist, female singer, greensboro, grimes, live, live performance, live performances, london, Music video, music video release, music videos, north carolina, open mics, slipknot, vevo, Vevo DSCVR, vevo music video, yung baby tate
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PRESS RELEASE | Graphic Designer & Website Designer.
Are you looking for a Graphic and Website Designer that is dependable, timely and an expert in many different fields? Creative Director Lee Ault of Dreamkatcha has over 20 years experience in the desktop publishing, graphic design and website design fields. From small start up companies to multi national corporations, Lee has worked with hundreds of satisfied customers over the last two decades. Enabling them to improve their market reach, to add that "WOW" factor to their printed and online media and enabling them dominate their prospective markets.
If it's a brand new website you require, an attractive brochure or promotional media such as posters and flyers, then speak to Lee at Dreamkatcha. Whatever your project, no matter how large or how small – chances are Lee has done something similar before. Having worked with so many clients over the years, Lee has learnt that a good relationship with his customers is imperative to a productive working ethic. Communication is a must for any successful design project. If a client can't talk familiarly with their designer, then the creative process becomes disjointed and unproductive. Lee believes that his friendly, no nonsense approach to each project and his clients, enables the creative juices to flow from both ends. This allows both client and designer to bounce off each other and to really get an understanding of the final goal.
Because of this approach to a working relationship, the majority of Lee's clients continue to work with him on current and further projects. This includes completely new projects requiring completely new skills, or simply alterations and maintenance of a current design or website.
Having just one designer take care of all your creative needs is beneficial in many ways. Not only have you already established a level of trust and understanding of one another, but you also understand how each other work. If it's deadlines that are crucial to you, or maybe it's attention to detail such as colours, measurements or a certain design style you are fond of, all of this information is already stored in the mind of your designer. This allows more time to be spent on the project at hand without the need to run through all of this again. Moreover, he will always have copies of your previous work backed up that you can refer back to at a moments notice, and any stock media of files that you have been using in previous projects can be called back in to play in an instant.
Another reason to keep hold of your designer is that he will be able to gage how long most of your projects to work, and also how you work with him. This will enable him to factor in your work immediately to his monthly routine, possibly leap frogging your work to the top of the pile of projects to be completed.
Lee Ault at Dreamkatcha provides the creative solution you've been searching for and is looking forward to working with you in the future.


Women in search of a healthier lifestyle are being encouraged to 'grab an apron and get creative in the kitchen', as part of Healthy Weight Week.
One of the greatest obstacles to healthy eating and overcoming weight woes for young women is that they are more likely to reach for a telephone or credit card than a pot and pan to conjure up their next meal.
A recent study by peak nutrition body Dieticians Association of Australia (DAA), found that while more than three quarters of women aged 18-24 enjoyed the odd spot of cooking – many still opt for fast food solutions for their daily meals.
With rates of weight gain in this group of young women higher than any others, the health group warns there could be disastrous consequences to their long-term health and fertility.
The study, which surveyed hundreds of young women, revealed that they believed take-away foods were much more readily available and convenient than having to whip up a meal at home.
The findings coincide with the launch of Healthy Weight Week, from the 20th-27th of January – a campaign that aims to inspire young women to cook more at home, in an effort to curb obesity.
"With Australia in the grip of an obesity epidemic, and younger women particularly prone to weight gain, cooking a proper main meal at home could be the answer to improving diet and weight problems in this age group," Professor Claire Collins, a DAA spokesperson, said in a statement released this week.
Collins also pointed out that research had found those more involved in the preparation of their daily meals were much more likely to meet nutritional guidelines and enjoy a well-balanced diet. Furthermore, she added that people with a dislike of cooking were found to have a substantially lower intake of fruit and vegetables, and an elevated intake of foods high in saturated fats.
"Food cooked at home is typically more nutritious than that prepared away from home. It's easier to get in lots of variety by cooking at home using fresh ingredients, and it can be fast if you plan ahead" Collins said.
"At home, you can pick and choose your ingredients – so you can add healthy flavours from lean cuts of meat, vegetables, herbs and spices, and go easy on the less healthy ingredients. That way, you'll get important nutrients like protein, iron and calcium, without overdoing the nasties like saturated fat, added sugar and salt,' she added.
While we have many good examples and encouragement from the rise of food-related cooking shows and entertainment, that doesn't always translate into a love of cooking in our own kitchens at home.
"Watching talented amateur cooks and celebrity chefs on TV is one thing, but actually doing the cooking ourselves is what matters," says practicing dietitian Michelle Ryan.
Ryan believes that this is because the key to becoming a masterchef at home is planning and preparation. Being organised and thinking ahead would make it much easier for women to get cooking in the kitchen, she believes.
"Try to set aside some time each week to work out a menu plan for the week ahead, which includes what you'll eat for lunch and dinner and factors in any times you know you'll be out. Then make a detailed shopping list and head to the shops or local markets to stock up on fresh, healthy food," Ryan says.
Celebrity chef Luke Mangan, agrees, which is why he has also thrown his support behind the cooking crusade. Mangan has prepared a cookbook with a week's worth of healthy and simple gourmet meals which you can download for free from the healthy weight week website.
While you're there, you can also self-assess your eating habits and weight to find out if you are at risk as well as learn fitness tips, find out how to decipher food labels, and take the 10 week challenge to healthier eating.


Oh goodness, didn't I just drop the ball! While getting ready to post about the great blogs featured on the hop this week, I realized that I forgot to post those for last week. That means you'll be getting a double dose today (sorry about that). Yes, there are a lot of new bloggers here but it's worth it to take the time and check them out. There's lot of great quilty-ness to see and some great tips too!


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Payment Alliance International
gopai.com
Acquired | Acquired
About Payment Alliance International
Payment Alliance International (PAI) is a provider of ATMs, offering processing and maintenance services, ATM equipment sales and support, and ATM branding programs. PAI also offers comprehensive payment and small business solutions including credit, debit, and prepaid card acceptance services in retail locations, online, or on-the-go using mobile devices. On April 6th, 2021 Payment Alliance International was acquired by The Brink's Company million.
2101 High Wickham Place Suite 101
Louisville, Kentucky, 40245,
Missing: Payment Alliance International's Product Demo & Case Studies
Missing: Payment Alliance International's Product & Differentiators
Expert Collections containing Payment Alliance International
Expert Collections are analyst-curated lists that highlight the companies you need to know in the most important technology spaces.
Payment Alliance International is included in 2 Expert Collections, including Payments.
Companies and startups in this collection enable consumers, businesses, and governments to pay each other - online and at the physical point-of-sale.
US-based companies
View All Expert Collections
Latest Payment Alliance International News
Payment Alliance International Announces Corporate Rebrand
March 02, 2021 08:52 AM Eastern Standard Time LOUISVILLE, Ky.--( BUSINESS WIRE )--Payment Alliance International, the U.S. leader in ATM portfolio management tools and services, announced today that it is changing its brand to PAI and revitalizing the company's visual brand identity. The change showcases the company's leadership in the ATM industry. Along with the new brand and logo, PAI launched an updated corporate website focused on technology to aid and simplify the process of managing ATMs. "We are a different company than we were two years ago — bolder in our thinking, more disruptive in our actions, and more contemporary in our approach to running a business," said David Dove, CEO of PAI. "Our new brand and visual identity reflect the company we have become today," added Dove. "We have and will continue to be successful because of the trust our customers place in us and the commitment of our people to do what's right. Neither of these change with the new brand." The new PAI logo is completely modernized evolution of the company's previous logo, with a look and feel that represents PAI's success. "It's been a while since the industry has seen the company's brand change in a significant way. The time was right to showcase who we have become, and we wanted to create a bold statement that mirrors our market-leading position," said Marketing Director Aisha Bibs who led the rebranding effort. ABOUT PAI PAI is the nation's largest, privately held provider of ATM portfolio management tools and services for more than 100,000 ATMs, including transaction processing, bank sponsorship, maintenance, cash-in-transit (CIT) servicing and AMP+, the company's market-leading technology. PAI's portfolio management tools offer the most visibility and control to maximize ATM portfolio effectiveness and profitability. For more information, please visit gopai.com . Contacts
Payment Alliance International rebrands to PAI
Payment Alliance International Market Partners Thrive Through Pandemic
Payment Alliance International acquires B & B Music ATM portfolio
Payment Alliance International Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
When was Payment Alliance International founded?
Payment Alliance International was founded in 2005.
Where is Payment Alliance International's headquarters?
Payment Alliance International's headquarters is located at 2101 High Wickham Place, Louisville.
What is Payment Alliance International's latest funding round?
Payment Alliance International's latest funding round is Acquired.
Who are the investors of Payment Alliance International?
Investors of Payment Alliance International include The Brink's Company and Further Global Capital.


I've just returned from a teaching trip to Alaska and had the good fortune to spend time on Kodiak Island with the Kodiak Bear Paw Quilters. We had three days of workshops and then I stayed an additional three days to explore the area. I went on a trip of a life time, bear watching. We flew in a float plane for an hour to a remote area on the Fraser River near a fish ladder where we could observe Kodiak bears fishing for salmon. We saw five bears. The 900 lb mama with two second summer cubs were the most photogenic. This was an incredible experience! Despite the mist and rain, we had excellent views. The bears crossed the river and came up on the trail very close to us. Our pilot was not concerned and reassured us that these bears are well fed on salmon and salmon berries and were not interested in us!
The following day, I had dinner at the Old River Inn and spied this bear quilt on the wall. There was no label on the back and the restaurant staff did not know the maker of the quilt. It's a pretty good representation, even down to the massive claws!
In May, when I took a road trip to Northeastern Oregon, I went on a tour of the Pendleton Woolen Mill. I've always admired the Pendleton products and was interested to go there to see how it's all done. Check out this video to see the process.
The mill was founded in 1863, over 150 years ago. I was impressed by the scale and the rate of production from what is now a highly mechanized mill. The woolen fleeces are dyed, carded, roved, spun and wound onto bobbins. White yarn is also dyed into over 500 different colors. All of this takes place, before you even get into the weaving of the blankets in beautiful intricate patterns, many of which are inspired by Navajo and other Native American patterns. These designs really appeal to quilters like me and are inspriing!
The machines are huge, make a lot of noise and are incredibly fast.4.25 million pounds of raw wool is processed every year. The looms are computer programmed and automated to make these complex designs, but set up requires skilled labor and all the blankets and rugs are manually checked for flaws.
After touring the mill, I perused the "seconds" room where wonderful bargains may be found. I succumbed and bought a beautiful blue blanket which was half-price, like the ones in the stack in the photo. The only thing wrong with it was that it was made 4″ too short.
I am always awed by a visit to Durham Cathedral which is a World Heritage Site and is filled with majesty and beauty. I was there last month when I stayed in Durham for three days.
Check out the scale and proportions of the building; the height, length, the size of the arches, the way the circular inlay on the floor mimics the large circular stained glass windows above the altar. This is brilliance in design and we should pay attention. Scale and proportions are both so important in designing quilts and adding borders.The mosaic tile floors and ornamentation around the pulpit of geometric shapes includes our beloved Flying Geese, stars, diamonds and more.
Repeated elements, e.g. triangles, made in a variety of sizes will make your quilt much more interesting than simply using triangles that are all the same size. Adding appropriately sized borders will greatly enhance your quilt top. I recommend auditioning different widths, (as well as a variety of fabric options and considering pieced borders), to help you in the decision making process.


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Q: Distance along projectile motion I was doing kinematics these days, projectile motion. And I did the basic concepts: range, max height, time of flight, projectile on inclined plane. I am curious to know how we would solve a question if it asks us to find the distance not range traveled by the particle undergoing projectile motion. Is it by finding area under the curve or what? Also what is the average speed then.

A: For any curve in two dimensions described by a position $(x(t), y(t))$ as a function of time, the speed of such a curve at a time $t$ is
\begin{align}
  |\mathbf v(t)| = \sqrt{\dot x(t)^2 + \dot y(t)^2}
\end{align}
where overdots here mean derivatives with respect to time $t$.  To find the total distance traveled along the curve from a time $t_a$ to a time $t_b$, (namely the length of the curve), one simply integrates this speed with respect to time;
\begin{align}
  \ell_{t_b, t_a} = \int_{t_a}^{t_b} |\mathbf v(t)|\, dt = \int_{t_a}^{t_b}\sqrt{\dot x(t)^2 + \dot y(t)^2}\, dt.
\end{align}
For projectile motion, $x(t)$ and $y(t)$ take a specific form, and I'll leave it to you to perform the integrals.  The average speed is then defined as the total distance traveled divided by the total time of travel;
\begin{align}
  \text{average speed from $t_a$ to $t_b$} = \frac{\ell_{t_b,t_a}}{t_b-t_a}.
\end{align}


A spicy stew of lentils, carrots, peas, and coconut milk.
Directions Place onion, garlic, and ginger in the food processor and purée.
Heat oil over low heat, add onion mixture, cover, and cook, stirring occasionally, for 5 minutes.
Add spices and cook 30 seconds, stirring constantly.
Add water and increase heat. When it simmers, stir in lentils. Cover and cook for 10 minutes.
Stir in the carrots, cover, and cook another 20-30 minutes, until the lentils are tender.
Add remaining ingredients and continue simmering, uncovered, for 10 minutes.
Notes If you want more of a soup, purée about half of the cooked stew and then mix back into the rest.
Adapted from the recipe for "Curried lentils with carrots and peas" in Vegan Planet (read my review).


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@interface DispatchTableViewCell : UITableViewCell
@property (nonatomic, weak) IBOutlet UILabel *CSLabel;

@property (nonatomic, weak) IBOutlet UILabel *nameLabel;

@property (nonatomic, weak) IBOutlet UILabel *phoneLabel;
@end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
See 3 Critic Reviews
What if the most terrifying person you know is your ten-year-old sister?
Seventeen-year-old Aussie Che Taylor loves his younger sister, Rosa. But he's also certain that she's a diagnosable psychopath—clinically, threateningly, dangerously. Recently Rosa has been making trouble, hurting things. Che is the only one who knows; he's the only one his sister trusts. Rosa is smart, talented, pretty, and very good at hiding what she is and the violence she's capable of.
Their parents, whose business takes the family from place to place, brush off the warning signs as Rosa's "acting out." Now that they have moved again—from Bangkok to New York City—their new hometown provides far too many opportunities for Rosa to play her increasingly complex and disturbing games. Alone, Che must balance his desire to protect Rosa from the world with the desperate need to protect the world from her.
About Justine Larbalestier
Justine Larbalestier (Liar) and Sarah Rees Brennan (The Demon's Covenant) are award-winning teen authors. This is their first book together. Justine lives in New York City and Sydney, Australia. Sarah lives in Dublin, Ireland. Visit them online (and read about the joys of collaboration) at www.justinelarbalestier.com and www.sarahreesbrennan.com.
Published November 15, 2016 by Soho Teen. 320 pages
Genres: Literature & Fiction. Fiction
Unrated Critic Reviews for My Sister Rosa
These are stereotypes, if you like, just the sorts of New Yorkers that out-of-towners might think are so New York, but through Che's eyes Larbalestier makes them credible and appealing.
Feb 12 2016 | Read Full Review of My Sister Rosa
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Apr 11 2016 | Read Full Review of My Sister Rosa
Gr 9 Up—When Che is forced to move from Australia to the United States, he has two things on his mind: find a new boxing gym and keep the world safe from his sister Rosa. For almost as long as she's been alive, Che has known that something is not right with her. Callous, indifferent, fascinated b...
Aug 01 2016 | Read Full Review of My Sister Rosa


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Home EDUCATION EFFECTS OF CULTISM ON STUDENT'S PERFORMANCE. A CASE STUDY OF KADUNA POLYTECHNIC WITH THE VIEW TO EDUCATE THE PUBLIC ABOUT MAGNITUDE OF THE FACTORS THAT PROMOTES THE GROWTH OF CULTISM IN OUR INSTITUTION OF HIGHER LEARNING
EFFECTS OF CULTISM ON STUDENT'S PERFORMANCE. A CASE STUDY OF KADUNA POLYTECHNIC WITH THE VIEW TO EDUCATE THE PUBLIC ABOUT MAGNITUDE OF THE FACTORS THAT PROMOTES THE GROWTH OF CULTISM IN OUR INSTITUTION OF HIGHER LEARNING
1.0 INTROUCTION
Cultism as part of crime being committed in our society is something which is now eating deep in the mind of youth which go in long way no affect their life negatively in so many ways. This make a conscious mind to wonder if they truly understand what it stands for. What is known as secret cult in tertiary institutions started at
University College, Ibadan in 1953. It was formed by nigeria's only nobel laureate, Prof. Wole Soyinka, Aig-Imoukhuede, Pius Oleghe, Ralph Opara, Nat Oyelola and Prof. Muyiwa Awe. Their main objectives included:
1. To abolish convention
2. To revive the age chilvary
3. To end tribalism and elitism
Although the philosophical foundation of this group could be appropriately located in the tales of
Treasure Island and the renaissance period of the fifteenth century, their ideas were both patriotic and altruistic as it was not imagined as a secret cult, but simply known as the Pyrates Confraternity or the National Association of Seadogs. Their objectives which revolved around the maintenance of polite behaviour among people of different background and chivalry, portrayed the dreams of the Founders.
Why did the students decide to form such a group? Nigeria in the 1940s and 1950s was on the verge of gaining political independence. The nationalistic fervour in the country gave a warning signal to the colonialists that the sun was about to set on the British empire. Trade union consciousness and militancy soared under the leadership of Michael Imuodu. Political parties sprang up in the major centres of the country which raised political awareness and questioned the continued stay of the colonialists in the country. Nigerian students were not left out of this social change. They questioned the conscription of Kings' college students into the colonial army to fight in the World war II and eventually created a conducive background for the emergence of the popular National council of Nigeria and the Cameroons (later Citizens) (NCNC). The idea of the students was to respond to the demands of the time, enhance cultural nationalism and fight the tribalisation of politics which was given a boost by the Richards constitution of 1946.
It is noteworthy that the group was not to harm, maim, kill and destroy as their cohesiveness and absolute allegiance to rules made it become an elite club, only for the cleanest, brightest and the politically conscious. They teleguided political events and held important positions within the student body like President, Chief Judge, P.R.O and Secretary. Their existence was well known by students and was not associated with weird, horrorful and spiteful character of latter-day confraternities. The Anti Anglo-defence pact with Britain riot and the "Ali must go" students protest of 1978 was ably handled by members of the Pyrates confraternity.
Over the years, due to doctrinal differences and inability of intending members to meet required standards of the Pyrates confraternity, protestant ones started emerging like the
Buccaneers, Mafia and Vickings. The early nineties witnessed a boom as every university was plagued with cult explosion such as the Black Axe, Black Cats, Trojan Horse, Black Panthers, the Twelve Disciples, Mgba Mgba Brothers, Eiye, Maphites, Temple of Eden, The Jurists, Klu Klux Klan, The Executioners, Black Beret, Dreaded friend of friends, National Association of Adventurers, Black Scorpion, Eagle Club, Termites, Red Sea Horses, Knight Cadet, Sonmen, White Angels, Amazons, Daughters of Jezebel, and the Black Brassieres.
As earlier noted, the emergence of cult groups in our tertiary institutions was not a result of divine disobedience, but a precipitate of socio-economic conflicts. Conflicts that were energized by the capitalist character of our mode of production. There was, therefore, a need to find relevance within this changing order. Gradually, the cults constituted themselves into a protection group that fought and advanced the rights and privileges of their members including passing exams, acquiring babes, accommodation, e.t.c.
The possible effects of cultism on the learning process cannot be exhausted as both intra and inter-cult clashes negatively affect students in stupendous proportions. Cult clashes lead to an outburst of violence on the campus which leaves many students wounded, maimed or killed as the case may be. It sometimes lead to the incarceration, rustication or expulsion of both innocent and guilty students. There is no gainsaying the fact that when any of the aforementioned happens, the learning process, the psyche of students and the peace of the campus is adversely affected. In cases of closure, hospitalization, suspension or incarceration, the resultant effect is that learning is suspended for some period of time, possibly a year or more.
Some cult clashes are so catastrophic that loss of infrastructure and other resources will be colossal and eventually the funds that would have been expended on the provision of other facilities and infrastructure on the campus will be used in replacing the damaged ones. The concomitant result of the waste of capital is reduction of the quality and quantity of education as there will not be enough money to purchase the necessary learning equipment nor to cater for the education of many.
The solid existence of cult groups within the university community has completely made life unsafe and meaningless for both staff and students as female students who refuse the amorous advances of cult members are disdainfully manhandled. Lecturers who insist on merit for passing exams are openly attacked and disgracefully beaten up or sometimes killed, thus paving way for the free reign of fear, violence and a palpable feeling of insecurity. This ruinously comatose situation is a veritable recipe for academic immorality, national impotence and ruin as it is an inescapable truism that no nation can rise or develop beyond the capacities of her tertiary institutions and if her future leaders, the youths, who according to Benjamin Disreali,
are the trustees of posterity , are trained in such a milieu, nothing then awaits such a nation but A FUTURE THAT IS BUILT AND STRIVES ON VIOLENCE.
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
According to oxford dictionary of current English the word "cult" means a system of religious worship especially one that is exposed in rituals. From this definition. Cults have now popularly know as "confraternity" has assumed a monstrous feature in our various institutions of learning. This is because international figures have been known to be members of pirate confraternity in their polytechnics or institutions. Furthermore, Kolawale et al (2000) said that when there was a violet crash between the eye confraternity and the buccaneer. At the university of Ibadan in 1989. Some notable professors and doctors at the institution were found to be patrons and doctors wre members of the these cults in their poly days.
It is now common in our campuses that factors of neval cults violent clash ever in broad day knight and mats themselves with dangerous weapons such as guns and daggers. The recent accurence are the university of Ife, Benin, Ekpoma, Ibandan, polytechnic Ekiadolor against the social ill calling it its total eradication. Secrete cult societies could be traced down to Egyptians.
The magicians in their request for more power used some cultic devices they formed a school of taught which was mostly based on intellectual objectives, which is mainly to enhance their cultic prowess.
Initiations are conducted for people that want to belong to a particular set of masquerade are observed thoroughly by its members. In the late 40's the higher institutions in Nigeria were not associated with secrete societies. The first higher school secrete cult in Nigeria came into existences in 1952 when a group of seven (7) students lead by Wole Soyinka Olumuyiwa, Awe, Raph, Opora, Dr Aif imokhunede, junji, tubi and only Agunoloyo formed the sea dogs confraternity (A.K.A pirates) in the university of Ibadan. There was nothing secreted than when it was newly introduced.
The main reason of forming the cult was to fight colonialism ensuring the dignity of man and ride the Nigeria society of elitism and tribalism.
Its members engage in humanitarian activities such as donations of blood to hospitals to save lives and assist the helpless in the society also an attempt to fight any attempted oppress students by any lecturers or the school management trying to impose oppressive policies on the students. "Everything we did then was healthy. Firm harmless and above board".
Recall Muyiwa Awe. One of the founding fathers their confraternity were legitmate and officially recognized by the school authority and the gov't of the time cultism could simply be described as a kind of gang behavior that is contrary to the acceptable norms and value of the large society and it's characters by oath talking.
Secrecy and violence. According to Hornsby (2001) it is also system of religious worship a devotion to a person or practice and ritual especially of a single diet.
However, that is were the similarities ends as there is needed a distinction between the two for instance "secrete society" is defined in section 31% of the constitution of the federal republic of Nigeria 1999 as including any secrete association group or body of person (whether registered or not).
a. That uses secrete signs oaths rites or symbols and which is formed to promote on course the purpose or part of the purpose which is to foster the interest of its members and to aid one another under any circumstance without due regard to merit fair play or justice to the detriment of the legitimate interest of those who are not member.
b. The members are shown to observe oaths of secrecy or the activites of which are not known to the public at large. The names of whose members are kept secret and whose meeting and other activities are held in secrete. Although there is no definition in the constitution. The definition given to the secrete cult and similar activites (prohibition) law 2004 recently passed in the River state house of assembly in 18 instructive as it clearly shown the popularity in Nigeria of the non academic everyday usage of the phrase. That law defined secret cult as follows it names an organisation association group of body or person (whether or not listed) whose membership meeting and others activities are kept secret and which promote cause or engage in acts of violence or harm.
From the definition above, it can be seen that the essential difference between the two nations is the definition of secret cults which element is not necessarily present in that of the secret society.
1.2 THE STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
The fundamental problems of cultism are the uncertain and unsafe atmosphere in our campuses. Ewa to the activities of members of secrete cult the manner of operation is both sinister in our campuses in recent times of cultism whose phenomena seen to be going more and prominence on our campuses. This researcher intent to make an in-depth study in to effect of cultism on student academic performance.
The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of cultism on student's performance. A case study of Kaduna polytechnic with the view to educate the public about magnitude of the factors that promotes the growth of cultism in our institution of higher learning. Furthermore, it will also help to know its sanctions placed on students by the school outward contribution to the growth of cultism in our institution of higher learning. Lastly, it will examine how cultism affects the intellectual ability of the students.
This study will provide explanatory terms. The factors which create the hearty and implementers of policies with the factors that influence cultism and school and the effect on the emotion of students. Then when known will enable them to combat squarely and help eradicate the problems that have become a cankerworm in our institution of higher learning. It is important to state clearly that project work will also highlight some of the cause of cultism. Factor that promote the growth of cultism and conclusively provide solution on how the problems of cultism can be solved in our higher institution of learning.
i. Does lack of parental care promote the growth of cultism in our contemporary schools?
Ii. Does the cultism affect the emotion of students?
iii. Does sanction from school contributes to the growth of cultism in school?
iv. Does cultism affect the intectual ability of the students in school?
This study will involve the total scope of study of the federal polytechnic of Kaduna State City.
1.7 DEFINATION OF TERMS
· CULT: A system of religious worship especially one that expressed in rituals.
· CULTISM: It is the state/phenomenon where a person is bound together with common belief.
· MASQUERADE: An action mannar that appears to be genuine or sincere but is not.
· INITIATION: The act of initiating or the process of being initiated into a group or activity.
· ASSASSINATION: To murder an important person especially for political reasons.
· QUEST: The act of seeking or a long search or to find.
· CALLOUSNESS: Not caring about other peoples feelings or suffering.
· CATASTROPHY: A sudden disaster that causes many people to suffer.
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Twitter revokes U.S. intelligent agencies' access to analytics data tool
Execs from Dataminr, of which Twitter owns 5%, recently told officials that Twitter was revoking the government's paid access to its tool, citing a policy forbidding the selling of its data for surveillance purposes, reports the Wall Street Journal. Its software sends out alerts about terror attacks and other world events when it detects patterns in … Continue reading "Twitter revokes U.S. intelligent agencies' access to analytics data tool"
By Michael Grothaus 1 minute Read
Execs from Dataminr, of which Twitter owns 5%, recently told officials that Twitter was revoking the government's paid access to its tool, citing a policy forbidding the selling of its data for surveillance purposes, reports the Wall Street Journal. Its software sends out alerts about terror attacks and other world events when it detects patterns in the hundreds of millions of tweets each day. Dataminr, which had previously provided its services to the agencies for two years, says its software alerted clients to the terror attack in Brussels 10 minutes before the news media did. Now, however, a senior intelligence official told the WSJ that Twitter has become worried about the "optics" of appearing to be close to American intelligence services.
Michael Grothaus is a novelist, journalist, and former screenwriter. His debut novel EPIPHANY JONES is out now from Orenda Books. You can read more about him at MichaelGrothaus.com


Google is releasing Classroom a free tool in Google Apps for education that helps to create and collect assignments, Improve class communication and stay organized.
Google Classroom is a new product in Google Apps for Education that lets teachers create and organize assignments quickly, provide feedback efficiently, and communicate with their classes with ease.
Google Classroom is coming soon as part of Google Apps for Education. It is freely available for schools, No Ads, No Scanning for Ads.
More details about this product is available on this Google Apps page.
As of this writing Classroom is by Invitation only. So If you are interested please signup through this page.
So if you are a teacher, student, principal or superintendent, please visit the above page and signup your school to get started.