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Interzone 14, Winter 1985/1986
I received another eBay find today: Interzone issue 14 (Winter 1985/1986). This is a special magazine issue for me, because it contains "The New Science Fiction" manifesto by Vincent Omniaveritas (pseudonym for the science fiction writer and activist Bruce Sterling; his alter ego also appears as publisher of the zine Cheap Truth–read scanned issues here or text of each issue here).
Originally published in the Puerto Rican fanzine Warhoon, this hard-hitting call-to-arms advocates that, "We must create the native literature of a post-industrial society" (40).
This isn't necessarily a manifesto for the movement known as cyberpunk, but many cyberpunk works fit. Instead, it is a larger artistic movement, which he describes thus at the end of the essay:
What, in short, is the New Science Fiction? How do you write it, how do you recognize it?
First, it is not the property of any editor, clique, publisher, or regional or national association. It is not a question of personal influence, creative writing classes, or apprenticeship to genre gurus. It is a question of approach, of technique. And these are its trademarks:
(1) Technological literacy, and a concern with genuine modern science as opposed to the hand-me-down pseudoscience guff of past decades.
(2) Imaginative concentration, in which extrapolations are thoroughly and originally worked out rather than patched together from previous notions.
(3) Visionary intensity, with a bold, no-holds-barred approach to sf's mind-expanding potential.
(4) A global, 21st-century point of view, which is not bound by the assumptions of middle-aged, middle-class white American males.
(5) A fictional technique which takes the advances of the new Wave as already given, using the full range of literary craftsmanship, yet asserting the primacy of content over style and meaning over mannerism.
The New Science Fiction is a process, directed toward a goal. It is an artistic movement in the fullest sense of the word. It is the hard work of dedicated artists, who know their work is worthwhile, who treat it as such, and who push themselves to the limit in pursuit of excellent.
And it is for real. (Omniaveritas 40)
The entire manifesto is worth reading–for its historical significance, its ideas for the New Science Fiction, and its prize-fighter-like style of sending its message home blow-after-blow. You can find a copy on Archive.org's Internet Wayback Machine here.
Omniaveritas, Vincent (Bruce Sterling). "The New Science Fiction." Interzone. No. 14 (1985), pp. 39-40.
Posted on May 23, 2018 Categories Science FictionTags Bruce Sterling, cyberpunk, interzone, magazine, manifesto, Science Fiction, sf, Vincent Omniaveritas
Minireview: The Reconcilers Graphic Novel Volume 1
The Reconcilers Vol. 1.
While Y and I were sitting for several hours in an airplane–on the ground, I had the pleasure of meeting the writer, actor, and director Erik Jensen. After I mentioned to him that my specific area of training is in Science Fiction, he gave me a graphic novel saying, "here's some Science Fiction for you." I was thankful for the gift and thankful for the time on the tarmac to read it!
The graphic novel that he gave me is volume one of The Reconcilers (2010) co-created by R. Emery Bright, Jens Pil Pilegaard, and Jensen. Volume one is written by Jensen and drawn by Shepherd Hendrix. Neal Adams created the cover art.
The narrative takes place in 2165 after the ascendency of religion-like mega-corporations and the gradual establishment of elaborate gladiatorial matches fought by "Reconcilers" to decide disputes between corporate entities. The story follows Sokor Industries attempting an extra-legal takeover of Hansen Engineering's claim to the motherlode of exotic, energy-rich "liberty ore." Hexhammer, Hansen's miner who discovered the the vein, leads their underdog team against Sokol's seasoned fighters to keep what they had earned. However, Hexhammer's past choices threaten his ability to overcome his final confrontation with Sokor's best Reconciler, "Masakor."
The megacorporations of Fredrik Pohl and C.M. Kornbluth's The Space Merchants and William Gibson's Neuromancer, as does Weyland-Yutani of the Alien film series also, inform The Reconcilers.
The Reconcilers has a lot of interesting material for thinking through the convergence of corporate personhood, entertainment, religion, capital, and rule of law. I believe that it would be informative to research and engaging to students.
Posted on July 15, 2014 Categories Comics, Review, Science FictionTags comicbooks, Comics, cyberpunk, graphicnovel, megacorporation, Research, Review, sciencefiction, teaching
Recovered Writing: MA in SF Studies, Genre Definitions Paper 1, Mega-text and the Cyberpunk Subgenre, Nov 13, 2006
This is the sixth post in a series that I call, "Recovered Writing." I am going through my personal archive of undergraduate and graduate school writing, recovering those essays I consider interesting but that I am unlikely to revise for traditional publication, and posting those essays as-is on my blog in the hope of engaging others with these ideas that played a formative role in my development as a scholar and teacher. Because this and the other essays in the Recovered Writing series are posted as-is and edited only for web-readability, I hope that readers will accept them for what they are–undergraduate and graduate school essays conveying varying degrees of argumentation, rigor, idea development, and research. Furthermore, I dislike the idea of these essays languishing in a digital tomb, so I offer them here to excite your curiosity and encourage your conversation.
As I remember it, Professor Andy Sawyer led the Genre Definitions module of the MA in Science Fiction Studies program, but we had some seminars with Professor Peter Wright. This is the first of two major essays from the Genre Definitions module. It allowed me to begin my research in an area that I was very interested in (i.e., cyberpunk) but that I had not yet seriously researched.
Professor Andy Sawyer
Science Fiction Studies Core Module 1: Genre Definitions
Mega-text and the Cyberpunk Subgenre
In Bruce Sterling's preface to Mirrorshades: The Cyberpunk Anthology, he sets about constructing a definition of cyberpunk. Sterling points out "the Cyberpunks as a group are steeped in the lore and tradition of the SF field" (x). However, cyberpunk authors changed traditional science fiction (SF) vectors by "overlapping…worlds that were formerly separate: the realm of the high tech, and the modern pop underground" (Sterling xi). Therefore, cyberpunk is arguably a subgenre of SF, because its practitioners build on earlier SF works while writing stories based on a new fusion of ideas. Additionally, the dialog between works of cyberpunk and other works of SF provide a connection to an overarching meta-text. This connecting dialog is accomplished by the sharing of language, terminology, and situations. I would extend this argument by saying that cyberpunk operates within its own mega-text that is particular to works decidedly cyberpunk in orientation.
Two works of cyberpunk in mega-text dialog with one another are William Gibson's Neuromancer and Neal Stephenson's Snow Crash. Gibson's early work is said to be the foundation of cyberpunk[1], and Stephenson's work is equally considered essential to the movement. I argue that there exists a dialog between the works of Gibson and Stephenson that forms the basis of a cyberpunk mega-text that is also connected to the larger SF mega-text.
Christine Brooke-Rose first put forth the concept of a mega-text, or megastory. She writes, "The realistic narrative is hitched to a megastory (history, geography), itself valorised, which doubles and illuminates it, creating expectations on the line of least resistance through a text already known, usually as close as possible to the reader's experience" (Brooke-Rose 243). SF authors, unlike mimetic authors, have to rely on anchoring their stories into ideas, concepts, and language that have been employed in previous works by other authors. Essentially, SF is reliant on its situation within a network of texts including both non-fiction (e.g., science and technology) and fiction (e.g., SF, detective fiction, and other genre fiction).
On the one hand, SF's central theme is that it's extrapolated from real and theoretical scientific and technological concepts of the here-and-now. This means that authors draw on the large body of scientific works and technological developments that SF readers may be acutely or tangentially aware of. Additionally, SF, like science itself, is based on building upon prior works. This is not to say that subsequent SF works have citations pointing back to passages and data contained in other works, but it does mean that SF is not written within a vacuum. SF authors build on ideas that they have received from reading works within and without the genre.
Damien Broderick extends Brooke-Rose's concept of the megastory by a closer reading of its importance to SF, and in so doing, he coins a new term, the mega-text. His concept of the mega-text refers to the overlay of SF texts, themes, and ideas as, "the mutually imbricated sf texts" (59). SF stories, for the most part, are an imbrication of texts in a three dimensional space where concepts and terminology float freely between the layers formed by the many stories thus arrayed.
The mega-text is a double-edged sword that represents the shared space of terminology, ideas, and themes that serve to both familiarize, as well as defamiliarize the reader. He goes on to write, "But that familiarity, so necessary in alerting trained readers to the appropriate reception codes and strategies for concretising an sf text, maintains at its heart a de-familiarising impulse absolutely pivotal to the form's specificity" (Broderick 60). The SF mega-text is a shared space of concepts and terminology that many SF writers draw upon in the crafting of their stories. SF readers rely on authorial use of the ideas contained in the mega-text in order to situate themselves in an otherwise (more or less) overwhelmingly fantastic place. However, it is the shared elements of the mega-text that form the "de-familiarising impulse absolutely pivotal to the form's specificity."
The shared elements, or as Gary K. Wolfe labeled them, icons, are built-up "using a strategy of semiological compensation, or redundancy and overcoding…[The] sf mega-text works by embedding each new work…in an even vaster web of interpenetrating semantic and tropic givens or vectors" (Broderick 59). The mega-text serves as the "text tube" where ideas react with one another and form new compounds and substances, as well as reveal litmus colors that indicate how one text is related to another across the mega-text network. Reagents in the SF mega-text include computers, spaceships, robots, and solvable problems. Cyberpunk icons include networked computers, the network, multinational corporations, virtual reality, disembodiment facilitated through technology, and problems sans solution.
Gibson's Neuromancer is widely accepted as the foundational cyberpunk work, and it first lends itself to the SF mega-text by the author generating cognitive estrangement[2] through the establishment of setting in its opening sentence. Gibson begins, "The sky above the port was the color of television, tuned to a dead channel" (3). The description of the sky is estranging from the way in which one would normally characterize the sky, and it is rationally described through the language of technology (i.e., television).
Also, Gibson employs terminology that connects to a shared SF terminology that reinforces this text's membership in the SF mega-text. For example, Gibson's description of the protagonist, Case, is densely packed with powerful descriptions and technologically-oriented words that elicit the feel of an SF story:
Case was twenty-four. At twenty-two, he'd been a cowboy, a rustler, one of the best in the Sprawl…He'd operated on an almost permanent adrenaline high…jacked into a custom cyberspace deck that projected his disembodied consciousness into the consensual hallucination that was the matrix. A thief, he'd worked for other, wealthier thieves, employers who provide the exotic software required to penetrate the bright walls of corporate systems, opening windows into rich fields of data (5).
Gibson re-envisions a cattle 'rustler' with the future occupation of a data 'thief.' Future corporations that protect their data behind 'bright walls' instead of fences, replace the ranches of the past. And most importantly, Case 'jacks' into 'cyberspace' using a 'custom deck' that leaves him 'disembodied' within the 'consensual hallucination,' which is an artificial construct of reality known as the 'matrix.' Old becomes new and therefore, estranging.
In addition to Gibson's use of computer technology in this narrative, he also conjures other images in crafting Neuromancer. The style of the novel is distinctly noir. Case's world is ambiguously not dualistic and there is no apparent resolution at the end. Also, he features the female cyborg Molly, the AI Wintermute, who wants to engage in the capitalist system, the near-immortal Tessier-Ashpool S.A. family/mega-corporation, and the spiritually positive Zion cluster Rastas.
Neal Stephenson extends these cyberpunk icons through the use of language and narrative style in his novel, Snow Crash, published eight years after Gibson's Neuromancer. Again, from the opening lines of the text, the reader is thrown into a world that is recognizable, but subtly different than the here-and-now:
The Deliverator belongs to an elite order…Right now, he is preparing to carry out his third mission of the night. His uniform is black as activated charcoal…A bullet will bounce off its arachnofiber weave like a wren hitting a patio door, but excess perspiration wafts through it like a breeze through a freshly napalmed forest. Where his body has bony extremities, the suit has sintered armorgel…[that] protects like a stack of telephone books (Stephenson 1).
'The Deliverator' has a 'Terminator' ring to it, and the name is capitalized. He's on his 'third mission,' wearing a black uniform that is protected by 'arachnofiber weave' and 'sintered armorgel.' All of this protection and militarized language (e.g., mission, bullet, napalmed forest, and armor) is established for "pizza delivery" (Stephenson 3). Thus, today's mundane is rendered tomorrow's exotic.
In addition to the dense and destabilizing openings to these cyberpunk stories, Stephenson relies on a shared set of terminology to describe the computer-based-scapes in which his character, Hiro Protagonist, shares an affinity with Gibson's Case. Hiro writes "microcode (software)" (Stephenson 3). When he uses his computer, he wears "shiny goggles that wrap halfway around his head" that "throw a light, smoky haze across his eyes and reflect a distorted wide-angle view of a brilliantly lit boulevard that stretches off into an infinite blackness. This boulevard does not really exist; it is a computer-rendered view of an imaginary place" (Stephenson 19). The 'imaginary place' that is projected onto Hiro's eyes from the goggles is another description of Gibson's "consensual hallucination that was the matrix" (Gibson 5).
Following Stephenson's technical explanation of Hiro's goggles, he best makes the connection to Gibson's Neuromancer when he writes:
So Hiro's not actually here at all. He's in a computer-generated universe that his computer is drawing onto his goggles and pumping into his earphones. In the lingo, this imaginary place is known as the Metaverse. Hiro spends a lot of time in the Metaverse. It beats the shit out of the U-Stor-It (22).
This passage establishes another characteristic of cyberpunk: the desire to leave physical reality and escape into a computer generated world. Gibson describes Case's crisis over losing the ability to disengage his body and enter cyberspace when he writes, "They damaged his nervous system with a wartime Russian mycotoxin…The body was meat. Case fell into the prison of his own flesh" (6). The 'meatspace' is undesirable to the computer jockey. Cyberspace and physical disembodiment is the desired space in which to work and live. In the lives of both Case and Hiro, they live in a dirty and harsh world that doesn't compare to the beautifully rendered and clean spaces found in their respective cyberspace or Metaverse.
Other icons in Stephenson's novel that engage the discussion began by Neuromancer include: a noir style, cyborgs (the mixed race Hiro, the mixed education of Juanita, and the gargoyle information gatherers), language as a programming language, media conglomerates, Cosa Nostra pizza delivery, Burbclaves, and the negative spirituality of the Reverend Wayne Pearly Gates franchise.
Gibson's groundbreaking novel, Neuromancer, founded what became to be known as cyberpunk, and Stephenson extended cyberpunk by adding to its mega-text through his work, Snow Crash. These novels engage in a dialog between themselves, as well as in a wider network of SF texts and real-world science and technology. [3]
SF constitutes a mega-text based on historically established terminological and stylistic icons that SF writers are free to draw from, as well as add to, in their own writings. Cyberpunk is a literary movement that came about in the 1980s as some SF writers decided to strike off in a new direction by remixing historical tropes from SF and detective fiction, as well as bringing together new technology and pop iconography. Therefore, cyberpunk is connected to and in dialog with the SF mega-text, but it has its own mega-text founded on icons unique to the cyberpunk movement.
Broderick, Damien. Reading by Starlight: Postmodern Science Fiction. London: Routledge, 1995.
Brooke-Rose, Christine. A Rhetoric of the Unreal: Studies in Narrative and Structure, Especially of the Fantastic. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981.
Gibson, William. Burning Chrome. London: HarperCollins, 1995.
—. Neuromancer. New York: Ace, 1984.
Nicholls, Terry. "Cyberpunk." The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction. Eds. John Clute and Terry Nicholls. New York: St. Martin's, 1995.
Oshii, Mamoru. Ghost in the Shell. Manga Video, 1996.
Scott, Ridley. Blade Runner. Perf. Harrison Ford and Rutger Hauer. Warner Brothers, 1982.
Stephenson, Neal. Snow Crash. New York: Bantam Books, 2000.
Sterling, Bruce. "Bruce Sterling's Idea of What Every Well-Appointed 'Cyberpunk SF' Library Collection Should Possess." EFF Publications–Bruce Sterling Archive August 1996. 5 November 2006 <http://www.eff.org/Misc/Publications/Bruce_Sterling/cyberpunk_library.biblio>.
—. "Preface." Mirrorshades: The Cyberpunk Anthology. Ed. Bruce Sterling. New York: Ace, 1988. ix-xvi.
Suvin, Darko. "Estrangement and Cognition." Speculations on Speculation: Theories of Science Fiction. Eds. James Gunn and Matthew Candelaria. Oxford: Scarecrow Press, 2005.
Wachowki, Andy and Larry Wachowski, dirs. The Matrix. Perf. Keanu Reeves and Laurence Fishburne. Warner Brothers, 1999.
[1] Gibson first coins the term "cyberspace" in his short story, "Burning Chrome." However, he gives it a more thorough treatment in his novel, Neuromancer. Cyberspace is arguably the element that solidified the cyberpunk movement.
[2] Darko Suvin writes in "Estrangement and Cognition," "SF is, then a literary genre whose necessary and sufficient conditions are the presence and interaction of estrangement and cognition, and whose main formal device is an imaginative framework alternative to the author's empirical environments" (27). Suvin introduced the idea of cognition to SF studies when he paired it to the notion of estrangement. This resulted in an explicit division between fantasy and SF, thus further solidifying SF as a distinct genre.
[3] This survey of two cyberpunk novels offers only a glimpse of the dialog between texts that generates the mega-text definition of the cyberpunk subgenre. Other cyberpunk mega-text contributors include Greg Bear, Greg Egan, Rudy Rucker, Lewis Shiner, Paul Di Filippo, and Pat Cadigan. Cyberpunk oriented films include The Matrix and Ghost in the Shell. Furthermore, there are, to borrow Peter Nicholl's phrase, "cyberpunk ancestors" (289). These pre-cyberpunk authors were writing stories that share a cyberpunk orientation. These ancestors include Philip K. Dick, James Tiptree, Jr., and J.G. Ballard and films such as Blade Runner (288-289). Further cyberpunk mega-text works can be found in "Bruce Sterling's Idea of What Every Well-Appointed 'Cyberpunk SF' Library Collection Should Possess."
Posted on January 17, 2014 January 24, 2014 Categories Liverpool, Recovered Writing, Science FictionTags cyberpunk, Liverpool, megatext, mirrorshades, recoveredwriting, sciencefictionstudies, sfstudies
Notes and Photos from Minister Faust's LMC Distinguished Speaker Presentation at Georgia Tech
Minister Faust in the Ferst Room.
On Monday, April 1, Minister Faust, the Canadian science fiction writer, delivered a presentation and performed readings from his published fiction to a full audience in Georgia Tech Library's Ferst Room. His visit to Georgia Tech was part of the School of Literature, Media, and Communication's Distinguished Speaker Series. There were also three nearby high school classes in attendance through telepresence technology.
Minister Faust began with a presentation titled, "Afrofuturism, E-Town, Imhotep-Hop and Me." In this presentation, he sketched Canada's historical, cultural, and political landscape, followed with background on his hometown, Edmonton and the neighborhood that he calls "Kush," and concluded with an overview of Afrofuturism and his unique approach to storytelling that he calls, "Imhotep-Hop."
Minister Faust reads to his audience.
Imhotep-Hop builds on the science fiction genealogy of cyberpunk > steampunk > Afrofuturism > steamfunk. Like those inventive subgenres, it is a kind of culture jamming. Like its namesake, it is grounded in intellectualism and the desire for gaining and sharing knowledge. However, Minister Faust recognizes that fiction must be entertaining. He uses allegory and humor to convey interesting and engaging stories about serious matters. Perhaps most importantly, Imhotep-hop indicates the past (ancient African stories and mythologies, presented as allegory) and present (the here-and-now) while pointing toward the future.
Following his presentation, Minister Faust read from two of his novels: The Coyote Kings Book One: Space Age Bachelor Pad and The Alchemists of Kush.
Minister Faust performing his reading.
This is the second time that I have had the pleasure and honor of attending a reading by Minister Faust. The first time that I met him was at the 2012 Science Fiction Research Association Conference in Detroit. His reading there, like this one at Georgia Tech, was electric! Instead of simply reading from his novels as a speaker and author, Minister Faust performs his characters. His face, hands, and arms form an orchestra with his talented and powerful voice to convey urgency and surprise, excitement and peace, hostility and love. As he reads a scene to the audience, you are drawn into the story as much if not more so than a Console Cowboy sucked into the other worldly expanse of William Gibson's cyberspace. Good storytelling, like that performed by Minister Faust, is a far more satisfying virtual reality than any generated in the Crytek or Unreal engines.
Minister Faust presenting.
Dr. Lisa Yaszek scheduled Monday's reading to accommodate one of my ENGL1101 classes. As a former Tech undergraduate, I understand how vitally important it is to students' personal development and enrichment by attending special events and presentations. Some of my fondest memories of my Tech years include meeting Stephen Wolfram and watching Honda's Asimo robot in person (twice). Furthermore, one of these meetings–spending the day with science fiction writer Kathleen Ann Goonan changed the direction of my life forever. At the end of that day, I told Dr. Yaszek that I had made up my mind to study science fiction professionally–and I did!
My students from that class and my other two sections were in attendance. Several of my students asked Minister Faust probing and insightful questions about the creative process, the relationship between writing and improving one's mood, and the influence of his cultural experience on his personal writing style.
Building on Dr. Laura Otis's previous Distinguished Speaker Series talk [which I wrote about here], I asked Minister Faust, what kind of conscious thinking does he do as he writes (e.g., verbally, visually, haptically, aurally, etc)? I was very happy to learn that he thinks multimodally depending on the content of a scene or the direction from which he comes when building his stories (verbally first sometimes, visually first at others, or aurally/musically for others). Ultimately, his thinking in different modes is expressed verbally in writing.
You can download my handwritten notes from his presentation and his responses to audience questions as a PDF here: Minister Faust Notes.
He also gave a second reading on the morning of Tuesday, April 2. Unfortunately, I was unable to attend. However, I am eager to find out which of my students went to that reading!
Me and Minister Faust.
In addition to visiting Minister Faust's official website to purchase his books directly from the author at a discount, you can purchase his books in print from Amazon here or in Kindle ebook format here.
I also highly recommend that you watch his TEDxEdmonton talk here and this interview featuring him talking about the fiction of Philip K. Dick in three parts here, here, and here .
Minister Faust is doing very important work through his writing. It is entertaining and educational; It is lighthearted and serious. I believe that it will be read and remembered in the SF pantheon. I am happy and thankful that he shared some of that work with the Georgia Tech community.
Posted on April 2, 2013 Categories Georgia Tech, Science FictionTags afrofuturism, canada, culturejamming, cyberpunk, e-town, edmonton, imhotep-hop, ministerfaust, sciencefiction, steamfunk, steampunk
TRON Legacy Brings Cyberpunk Full Circle
P1010411, originally uploaded by dynamicsubspace.
Y and I drove to Pittsburgh today to see TRON Legacy on IMAX 3D at the Cinemark in Pittsburgh Mills. I will write up a full review for the next SFRA Review, but it suffices for now to say that it is a wonderful film that is fully deserving of the hype that led up to its release.
I like to point to the first TRON film as the popular beginning of cyberpunk in science fiction. There are obviously precedents in novels and short stories, but it was TRON that visually presented "the grid" before Gibson's receding lines of light. Disney was there first, and they were there again in TRON Legacy–upgrading the original look with slick 3D visuals, and reminding us about the real driving innovator behind consumer digital electronics–video games and virtual spaces (in their many forms). I need to sleep to process the film more fully, but I am very much looking forward to writing this review.
If you want cool desktop pictures from the high resolution TRON Legacy trailer, cycle over to slashfilm here. If you haven't already seen the trailer and film segments, see what Apple has to offer here.
Posted on December 18, 2010 December 18, 2010 Categories Movies, Science FictionTags cyberpunk, cyberspace, disney, grid, tron, tronlegacy


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Murray to attempt comeback if his body allows it
FILE PHOTO: Tennis - Australian Open - First Round - Melbourne Arena, Melbourne, Australia, January 14, 2019. Britain's Andy Murray in action during the match against Spain's Roberto Bautista Agut. REUTERS/Lucy Nicholson/File Photo
(Reuters) - Former world number one Andy Murray said he is under no pressure to return to competitive tennis after undergoing hip resurfacing surgery earlier this year but he would attempt to make a comeback if his body allowed it.
The three-times Grand Slam champion said at this year's Australian Open that constant pain in his hip had brought him to the verge of quitting the sport but revealed last month that he was pain free after the procedure in January.
"I have been hitting the ball from a stationary position but I haven't been doing any movement," Murray told BBC at Sunday's London Marathon where he was invited to fire the starting pistol for the elite men's race.
"I don't feel any pressure to get playing again but if my body will allow, I will try."
Murray had posted a short video on social media earlier this month which showed him hitting the ball in an outdoor court while rallying with a wall and followed that up with a video of himself playing a round of golf.
"The hip is really good and there is no pain any more," Murray added. "I'm just a bit weak from the incision in the operation. I'm pain-free, happy and enjoying my life."
Murray had previously said he would target a comeback at Wimbledon, albeit as a doubles player. His mother Judy had said earlier this week that he was "cautiously optimistic" he would be able to play tennis again this season.
This year's Wimbledon begins on July 1.
Reporting by Rohith Nair in Bengaluru; Editing by Toby Davis

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


A woman was killed and a man was wounded in a double shooting in Bridgeport Wednesday night, a city spokesman said.
The shooting happened about 11 p.m. in front of 848 Maplewood Ave., Av Harris said. Both victims, a 41-year-old woman and a 28-year-old man, were taken to St. Vincent's Medical Center.
The woman died shortly after arriving at the hospital, Harris said. The man, who has multiple gunshot wounds, was in surgery early Thursday.
Detectives remained at the scene early Thursday, gathering evidence.
Anyone with information about the shooting is asked to call Det. Jorge Cintron at 203-581-5227 or call the Bridgeport Police Department Tips Line at 203-576-8477 (TIPS).


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US house sanctions 'complicate' nuclear solution: Iran
Aug 1, 2013, 10:25 pm SGT
http://str.sg/ZdrW
TEHERAN (AFP) - Iran said on Thursday the new sanctions approved by the US House of Representatives aimed at curbing Teheran's controversial nuclear drive will only serve to complicate efforts to negotiate a solution.
The House approved the new measures on Wednesday as a means to prevent Iran gaining nuclear weapons capability, sending a signal to Teheran before its new president is sworn in in parliament on Sunday.
The measure, which overwhelmingly passed 400-20, would slap strict limits on Iran's already heavily-sanctioned oil industry, as well as on other sectors of the country's ailing economy, including the automobile and mining sectors.
"The only influence these sanctions have is to make finding a solution to existing issues more complicated and more difficult... especially on the issue of nuclear talks," foreign ministry spokesman Abbas Araqchi told Isna news agency.
"Imposing sanctions on Iran is a failed policy and will not help find a rational solution... Insisting on this policy is surprising as it will not change the Islamic republic's stance," he added.
Critics say the vote was badly timed, coming just days before Hassan Rowhani, a former Iranian nuclear negotiator under reformist leader Mohammad Khatami, takes over as president.
Advocates of diplomacy have suggested that the US should use the departure of outgoing President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad as a chance to seek engagement with Iran, instead of maintaining a rigid posture.
But House Speaker John Boehner made a special plea for passage of the Nuclear Iran Prevention Act before Congress goes on its annual summer break at the end of this week.
The new legislation, should it pass the Senate and be signed by President Barack Obama, would require a further cut of one million barrels per day over the next year as a condition for exemptions, amounting to a virtual embargo on Iran's crude exports.
Six countries – China, India, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and Turkey – still import Iranian oil, but they have reduced their buying since 2012, with Washington granting them exemptions.


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AFC South picks
AFC South Preview: Indianapolis Sets The Tone
Dan Flaherty Uncategorized AFC South, AFC South picks, AFC South predictions, AFC South previews, NFL analysis, NFL win futures
The AFC South is a division in transition, with new coaches for the Tennessee Titans (Ken Wisenhunt) and Houston Texans (Bill O'Brien). The Indianapolis Colts ran away with the AFC South a year ago and with Andrew Luck's star on the rise, are a solid favorite to make it two straight division titles and three straight playoff trips. Here's a look at all four AFC South teams, followed by some early predictions.
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ANALYSIS & HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE FROM AROUND THE SPORTS WORLD
Offense: This is an offensive line that doesn't get the credit it deserves. I'm not saying the Colts' line is going to remind anyone of the Washington Redskins' Hogs, or even that Indy is going to establish an interior running game. But the Colts have two good offensive tackles in Anthony Castonzo and Gosder Cherlius, and they have a good package of skill players in Reggie Wayne, T.Y. Hilton and Dwayne Allen.
You get a wide range of opinions on Andrew Luck. Statistically he's fairly mediocre, but if you factor in clutch play, his value rises. Which is closer to the truth? I view him positively—while the supporting cast is underrated, Luck certainly doesn't have the same kind of help that Colin Kapernick does in San Francisco or Russell Wilson in Seattle.
At the same time, I feel the view of some who are rushing Luck to elite status is tainted by their insane rush to declare him the best quarterback of a generation during his senior year at Stanford in 2011. For the record, my generation includes the entire careers of Peyton Manning, Tom Brady, Joe Montana, Dan Marino, John Elway and Brett Favre just for starters.
So if opinion on Luck is a bell curve, put me down on a rung somewhere below the highest level. I don't think he's great, but if I'm a betting man, I'm more than happy to have him in my corner in the fourth quarter.
Defense: The back seven is fairly pedestrian, which makes Robert Mathis' great pass rushing ability all the more valuable. Mathis had a year that should have earned him Defensive Player of the Year a season ago (he finished second to Carolina Panthers linebacker Luke Kuechly) and he'll need to do it again this year. Indy should be able to do a reasonably good job at stopping the run, but their pass defense is heavily dependent on Mathis getting to the quarterback.
Offense: Tennessee was always at its best when they could run the football effectively and that's probably going to hold true again this year. The left side of the line, anchored by tackle Michael Roos can lead the way, but is there a running back left who can exploit the holes? Shonn Greene seems more suited to be a backup and Dexter McCluster is unproven, and I can't really see him getting the ball 15-20 times a game.
The passing game has the same conundrum. The receivers, Nate Washington and Kendall Wright are pretty good, but do you have any confidence in Jake Locker's ability to deliver them the ball consistently? I don't.
Defense: This unit is intriguing, because a review of their depth chart shows no obvious weaknesses. If you get a team that doesn't beat itself, there's at least a chance some of their playmakers could come through and turn this into a good defense. The best candidate is defensive end Jurrell Casey, although asking an end in a 3-4 scheme to have a huge statistical year is asking a lot.
Offense: There is no reasonable basis for hope that Jacksonville can move the ball consistently. This is purely a developmental year for quarterback Blake Bortles, the third overall pick, running back Storm Johnson and offensive tackle Luke Joeckel, the first overall pick in last year's draft, but who played only 12 snaps in 2013. Bortles and Johnson are each products of Central Florida—when an NFL team is shamelessly drafting locals, you know things have hit rock bottom.
Defense: This is the scenario for Jacksonville coming up with a respectable defense in 2014—get good years from defensive ends Red Bryant and Chris Clemons, which makes the 4-3 scheme effective at pressuring the quarterback. Get a good year from corner Alan Ball and cause problems for opposing quarterbacks targeting their best receiver. Get a good year from middle linebacker Paul Poszlusny, and slow down inside running games.
Is that an unreasonable scenario? No, it's not. But nor is it the sign of a unit bursting with talent. The Jacksonville defense will be better than its offense, but that's only unequivocal positive we can give the D right now.
Offense: I'm not one who usually overreacts to quarterback situations. Other than the extreme cases at the top and bottom, I think most quarterbacks are interchangeable and it depends on the supporting cast. In the case of Houston, that cast includes a good offensive line, Arian Foster in the backfield, Andre Johnson as the #1 receiver, and another potential star at wideout in DeAndre Hopkins.
Here's the problem—I consider Ryan Fitzpatrick to be one of those quarterbacks that could blow the whole thing up. Perhaps Case Keenum could do better, but that's a big leap of faith. It's a testimony of how bad the Texans quarterbacks are that even Tom Savage—who was up and down in his college career at Pitt—has a legitimate chance at playing time. Bill O'Brien has a reputation as a quarterback coach, and that will be sorely tested in his new gig.
Defense: The presence of J.J. Watt at defensive end and the return of linebacker Brian Cushing are big reasons why Houston's defense should at least be respectable. The secondary is also pretty good. The big question that looms over this team is whether Jadeveon Clowney will validate his status as the first overall pick in the draft.
I'm not at all persuaded that Clowney is conditioned well enough—both physically and mentally—to play hard for 16 games. In the games that he does, he and Watt will make a ferocious tandem. But if it's not an every week thing, then Houston's defense will be merely decent, rather than outstanding.
For right now, predictions are limited to whether I think each team will go Over/Under its win prop number in Las Vegas. Just prior to the regular season, I'll make an exact pick on each team's record.
Indianapolis (9.5): The Colts have won 11 games each of the last two years, and Luck still has room for improvement. Indy could regress to 10 wins and I still get the Over. That's the side I'm taking.
Houston (7.5): For a team that went 2-14, this is a pretty generous number, requiring them to get to .500 before an Over ticket can be cashed. My guess is that oddsmakers are trying to split the difference between those who think 2013's record is a reflection of reality and those who think it an aberration and that the 2011-12 AFC South champs will reassert themselves. I don't think Houston is 2-14 bad, but there's no way I'm betting them to reach .500. I take the Over.
Tennessee (7.0): I can see Tennessee getting to 7-9, and even 8-8 and getting the Over is not unreasonable. The problem is, I don't see a ceiling any higher than eight wins, and it's not hard to fathom a scenario where the bottom falls out if they have one of the top three picks in the draft next year. With more room on the Under side, that's where I'll go.
Jacksonville (4.5): You have to be a really bad team to get notoriously conservative oddsmakers in Las Vegas to post a number this low, but the Jags have earned it. If they win five games, Gus Bradley should be Coach of the Year. No offense to Coach Bradley, but I'm going there. Take the Under.
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Hi all, I am new to this forum…I am posting to try and help my mom. There is so many problems regarding my mom but I will try to just touch on what is happening. She is suffering terribly with RLS. My mom has been treated for close to 30 years with numerous antidepressants. She has severe OCD, bipolar, and anxiety disorder. She is currently on 200 mg of Zoloft…in addition to Depekote, and Klonopin. Her RLS was being treated with a very high dose of Requip but has recently been switched to something else; some sort of patch. Nothing is working. Her life is a very sad story due to the mental illness. She lives in a nursing home because she had a stroke 4 years ago which left her somewhat physically and congnitievly (sp) impaired, and because of the mental illness she can become difficult. I am not able to provide her with the care and attention she deserves. I have read numerous articles about how anti depressants can cause the symptoms of RLS, and being that she is on such a high dose of Zoloft I could definitely see the correlation. Anyone else experiencing this or have some advice on which way to go? It is not an option for her to be unmedicated as she still suffers with depression, anxiety, and racing thoughts; I couldn't bare to think of her without the meds. I just hate to see her suffer with this terrible RLS.
Hi Jamie. I'm so sorry to hear what your mom is going through. I can't imagine how hard that must be on you! You are correct, those medicines can be known to produce RLS as a side effect. I can't provide a recommendation through this correspondence, but if you are interested in making an appointment at Mayo Clinic please call one of our appointment offices (Arizona: 800-446-2279 Florida: 904-953-0853 Minnesota: 507-538-3270) and one of our doctors would be happy to discuss the various options with you!


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2004 FIVB WORLD GRAND PRIX
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Nikolai Karpol
At 66-years-old Russian coach Nikolai Karpol is one of the most experienced international coaches in Volleyball.
Following a four-year stint from 1979-82 Karpol, who took over as head coach of the national Russian women's team for a second time in 1988, has kept Russia at the top of women's Volleyball for the best part of the last two decades with astonishing success.
His dedication and determination to expect nothing less than the best from his players has seen Russia claim gold medals at the 1980 and 1988 Olympics, another gold at the 1990 World Championship, World Grand Prix titles in 1997, 1999 and 2002, the World Grand Champion Cup in 1997 and 1999 and European Championship titles in 1979, 1989, 1991, 1993, 1997, 1999, 2001.
This stunning record of achievement has been recognised by the FIVB on a number of occasions with his naming as the FIVB Coach of the Year in 1989 and 1991 and the best coach of the 1990 World Championship.
Percentage of Wins
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Home » Locations » San Francisco
Along with being one of the most beautiful coastal cities in the world, San Francisco is widely considered the cultural capital of Northern California, with outstanding museums and exhibition venues dedicated to art, science, design, and history.
The city has some of the oldest museums in the USA, such as The California Academy of Sciences founded only a few years after the state became part of the Federation, and some of the newest and most innovative ones, such as the just expanded San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. Many museum buildings were renovated and technically upgraded after the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake.
Together with a diversified program of temporary exhibitions from its museums, San Francisco also hosts lively cultural festivals, such as the SF Design Week, and the SF International Arts Festival.
Cover photo by David Yu
museums in San Francisco
BAMPFA Berkeley Art Museum & Pacific Film Archive
Berkeley - 2155 Center Street
closed: Mondays and Tuesdays
Designed by Diller Scofidio + Renfro, the Berkeley Art Museum & Pacific Film Archive, or BAMPFA, is a visual art museum and archive part of the UC Berkeley
San Francisco - 55 Music Concourse Drive
closed: Open daily except Thanksgiving and Christmas day
The California Academy of Sciences is a renowned science center in San Francisco which includes an aquarium, a natural history museum, and a planetarium
Mountain View - 1401 N Shoreline Blvd.
closed: Mondays, Tuesdays, July 4, Thanksgiving Day, December 24-25
The Computer History Museum in Mountain View, California, is the world's largest museum dedicated to computers and computing devices
Contemporary Jewish Museum, San Francisco
San Francisco - 736 Mission Street
closed: Wednesdays, January 1, and all major Jewish holidays
The Contemporary Jewish Museum - CJM in San Francisco, California, is a non-collecting institution committed to promoting Jewish art and creativity
De Young – Fine arts museums of San Francisco
San Francisco - 50 Hagiwara Tea Garden Drive
closed: Mondays, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day
The de Young is a museum in San Francisco, CA - mostly focused on American, African, and Oceanian art - housed in an iconic building by Herzog & de Meuron
Legion of Honor – Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco
San Francisco - Lincoln Park | 100 34th Avenue
The Legion of Honor, part of the Fine Arts Museum of San Francisco in California, is focused on art and decorative arts from 2000 BC to the 20th century
Museum of Craft and Design | San Francisco
San Francisco - 2569 Third Street
closed: Mondays, New Year's Day, Easter, Memorial Day, July 4th, Thanksgiving, and Christmas Day
The Museum of Craft and Design in San Francisco is one of the few museums in the United States exclusively focused on contemporary design, and applied arts
SFMOMA – San Francisco Museum of Modern Art
San Francisco - 151 Third Street
closed: Wednesdays, Thanksgiving and Christmas Day
The San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, also known as SFMOMA, is a modern and contemporary art museum in the SoMA district of San Francisco, California
YBCA – Yerba Buena Center for the Arts
closed: Mondays and major holidays
Yerba Buena Center for the Arts ( YBCA), is a renowned center for contemporary art and culture, exhibitions and events in San Francisco's SoMA neighborhood
in-depth articles: museums in San Francisco
San Francisco | SFMoMA expansion by Snøhetta
The architecture of the new expansion of SFMoMA - San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, designed by Norwegian firm Snøhetta, opened on May 14, 2016
Daniel Libeskind – the CJM museum in San Francisco
The architecture of the Contemporary Jewish Museum in San Francisco designed by Daniel Libeskind is a dialogue between old and new and an ode "To Life"
Liverpool and Merseyside


I confirmed that his contract was up. It was only a year, and this was day four of my former colleague's absence.
He was fun giving a hard time to. He gave and received well. He was very proficient in sarcasm. He wasn't mean. He wasn't rude.
Some time ago, a friend changed his opinion on the use of sarcasm, we'll call him Bob. I often go back to my conversation with Bob where we discussed sarcasm's falsehood. Bob argued that sarcasm was just a euphemism for real feelings, and that we would get farther in life if we expressed those feelings, those emotions, instead of by way of sarcasm.
But, sarcasm is fun. It's not always a euphametic way to cover up our feelings of hurt, anger, or loneliness. Sometimes we tease people because we love them. Sometimes we tease without any mean spiritedness, and we laugh. And when we laugh we release endorphins making our brains think we are happy. So, Bob, in his effort to make positive change was actually quite short sighted.
I see adults use the same skills when they want to say, "I don't like it!" and not so much, "I do like it!" Now, though, I've gotten tired of those games. If Bob was really addressing those games that sarcasm covers up, then yes he has a point. This type of sarcasm is a communication tool that operates out of mistrust.
First, thanks to The Five Dysfunctions of a Team, I define trust as being able to believe in someone's intentions. Let's not make mention of whether those intentions are good or bad — but simply trusting that someone's judgments and decisions are based on intentions. Most people define trust as predictability of actions.
Someone vented to me they were told they couldn't be trusted because her colleagues couldn't trust what she said. Her colleagues wanted scripted, predictable responses. Scripted, predictable responses weren't natural to my friend, so she would more often than not find herself floundering, feeling insecure, and not performing her best. Her colleagues weren't willing to trust her intentions, not to mention they operated under this misdefintion of trust. Sarcasm in this euphametic sense, was rampant.
I have been more self aware of growing up processes now that I am in my 30s and a parent. I am watching Levi learn to get along with others at every play date we attend. I encourage him to use his words and ask nicely for what he wants. I tell him to step back when he interferes in a playmate's boundaries. Having this recognition of my own boundaries, and the permission to enforce them, I want to teach Levi to do the same. It's okay and accepted to say no. It's okay to tell someone when you don't like something. It's okay to not like something. You don't have to do it just because the alpha person suggests you should. You can say no and you can act on it.
When we take ownership of our feelings, our needs, and turn them into honest requests then sarcasm just becomes another funny moment in an otherwise bleak existence. We have so much burdening us on our daily lives, why not make it more fun? Cheers to all those who recognize their own wit and use it, daily.


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Jewels on Film: THE CROWN (Season 3, Episode 4)
It's time again for another look at the invented history and jewels behind this season of The Crown, everybody! Buckle up -- "Bubbikins" takes a bumpy ride through the "history" of the royals in the late '60s.
We begin in Athens in 1967. Prince Philip's mother, Princess Andrew of Greece and Denmark -- generally called by her birth name/title, "Princess Alice," in the episode -- is dressed in her customary gray habit inside the walls of the nursing order she founded, the Christian Sisterhood of Martha and Mary. She's informed that the order needs more money. (Alice wasn't living with the sisterhood at this point -- she had her own flat, and she even lived briefly in the Royal Palace after the 1967 coup. But more on that in a minute.)
Meanwhile, across the ocean in America, Prince Philip makes an appearance on American television's Meet the Press. He talks about the need for more funding to support the monarchy. This appearance is real, but it didn't happen in 1967 -- it happened in November 1969. Some of the Crown dialogue is taken directly from his actual comments on the program, including his note that "very considerable corners that have had to be cut" because of the budget shortage. He also stated that the royals "had a small yacht which we have had to sell."
A fictional British reporter (from Northern Ireland, judging by the accent), John Armstrong, happens to catch the show while working abroad and telephones his editors at the Guardian, asking for space to report on Philip's statements. As Philip's appearance was reported weeks in advance -- it coincided with the 22nd anniversary of Meet the Press, which is the longest-running show on American television -- surely the British papers were more than aware it was happening?
Harold Wilson meets with the Queen, who is wearing a little invented gold and pearl brooch and oddly-placed pearl clip earrings, after Armstrong's article is published. Wilson notes that there's a growing feeling that the royals shouldn't be asking for more money at the moment.
Phil and Liz talk at the table after her audience about the funding issues. The Queen notes that there's been discussion about the cost of Margaret's "recent holiday in America" -- which is, of course, doubly ridiculous, as it was in reality an official trip -- and it happened in 1965, which is either two or four years before this scene is set. Anyway, Philip says that she should let him find a way to convince the public that the monarchy is worth the money.
Back in Athens, Alice takes a bus to a shop. You'll note the tanks and soldiers in the background. Greece was ruled by a military dictatorship following a coup in April 1967. King Constantine II -- the very one you'll see sometimes on the blog today -- made a major error of judgment when he recognized the legitimacy of new dictators, thus nominally remaining in power (at least for a short time).
She unwraps a handkerchief containing a spectacular diamond brooch set with a large Ceylon sapphire. (It appears to be based on the design of this real royal brooch.) The dealer scoffs, telling her that there's no way it's real -- sapphires that large are just too rare. She barks back that he should test it to be sure. (To be fair, the production's brooch really doesn't look particularly like a real antique royal heirloom, but I think it's mostly because it's far too clean and sparkly. A little more tarnish would seem much more realistic, don't you think?)
Once he realizes it's real, the dealer assumes that Alice must have stolen it. He sends the police to the building where Alice's sisterhood is housed and tries to have her arrested. They inform him that the woman in question is a genuine princess -- and the mother-in-law of the Queen of England. Oops.
(Side note: there weren't many princesses left in the area by 1967. Hugo Vickers notes in his excellent biography of Alice that the royal numbers had significantly dwindled as the family came under more and more political pressure. Along with Alice, only King Constantine, Queen Anne-Marie, Princess Alexia, Crown Prince Pavlos, Queen Friederike, and Princess Irene were left in Athens.)
Back in London, the Duke is using a newfangled intercom system to broadcast a call for "sweetie" to come to his office. His signet ring is featured in close-up. The Crown usually uses signet rings to represent positions of power, often in conflict with marriage and family. But in this case, the two are intersecting for Philip.
As Philip's call booms over speakers throughout the palace, Michael Adeane stops in to make sure the "sweetie" Philip is looking for isn't the Queen. In her pearls, the Queen drawls that she's not "sweetie," only "darling or cabbage."
"Sweetie," it turns out, is Princess Anne. Philip explains that they're working on the public image of the family, and asks her to participate in a documentary. He guilts her a little by reminding her of his own childhood royal exile. She brusquely and reluctantly agrees. Just to place us in history here, the plans for Royal Family were put in motion in the spring of 1968, with filming beginning in June.
Next, he presents the documentary plan to the rest of the family. While it's true that Philip chaired an advisory committee for the film, The Crown has left out two key figures in its conception and promotion. William Heseltine, the Queen's Australian press secretary, dreamed up the project with Lord Braborne, the film producer who just so happened to be married to Patricia Mountbatten, daughter of Lord Mountbatten. (Where in the world is he in this episode, huh? His sister is a major part of half the plot, and his son-in-law was a major part of the other half.)
Tony Snowdon, who is sitting with the Kents and the Gloucesters, explains what a documentary is, that it's basically like a wildlife film.
The Queen Mother, sitting with the Queen, Princess Anne, and Princess Margaret, reacts enthusiastically to the "wildlife film" bit. The writing of her character this season is so vapid that it's bordering on cartoonish, honestly. There's not even the tiniest bit of depth involved, and it's disappointing.
Filming begins, which puts us in June 1968. The Queen, in pearls and no brooch, talks to Harold Wilson about the documentary. She's not excited about any of it, but she essentially says she's doing it for Philip. On that topic, Wilson tells her that it's time to really start worrying about the political situation in Greece, which puts us between April and October 1967. (The timeline of this episode is completely shuffled.) He says Princess Andrew is now in some danger.
We finally get another royal replica on Olivia Colman in the following scene. She and Philip are both in gala dress for a dinner. (There weren't any incoming state visits during the filming of Royal Family, so I'm not sure what this is supposed to represent.) Anyway, the Queen wears the replica of Queen Mary's Fringe Tiara and production-invented diamonds as she warns Philip about his mother's current situation abroad. There's one big problem with use of this tiara, of course -- the Queen didn't own it in the 1960s. It was owned by the Queen Mother, who lent it to Princess Anne for her wedding in 1973 and then bequeathed it to the Queen in 2002. I guess we should just be glad they're trying? Sigh.
The Queen wants to bring Alice to live with them at the palace. Philip, wearing all his medals along with the sash of the Order of the Garter and the neck badge of the Order of the British Empire, thinks she shouldn't come at all -- not while they're in the middle of making the film.
(Worth interjecting here that this is completely untrue, and yet another bad characterization of Philip. Hugo Vickers notes that Philip "made immediate enquiries" about his mother when the coup began in April 1967. Philip and Alice were in regular contact by mail, and soon he sent his sister, Sophie, with an invitation from the Queen to come and live with them at Buckingham Palace. As soon as she heard that it was HM herself who had sent the invite, Alice decided to leave. She sold her belongings and left, arriving in Britain only a few weeks after the coup began. Philip was the one who did the convincing -- not the one who had to be convinced. There are many legitimate criticisms that can be lobbed at the Duke. Morgan and his writing staff didn't need to invent ahistorical ones.)
In the fictional world of The Crown, the Queen decides to override Philip and send for Alice anyway.
Alice arrives, and she's a little overwhelmed by the palace.
This is also complete silliness. Alice was not a stranger to the royal family or to Buckingham Palace; she made frequent visits to family members, including Elizabeth and Philip, throughout the 1950s and 1960s. Hugo Vickers writes that Alice "was often in the country, her arrivals and departures discreetly noted in the Court Circular," adding that while in London, she liked to spend time with her grandchildren and relatives, as well as making trips to department stores like Selfridge's. She even spent time with the family aboard the Britannia.
Alice was present for many major family events in Britain and abroad during the '60s, including the burial of Edwina Mountbatten (1960), the wedding of King Constantine and Queen Anne-Marie (1964), and Princess Anne's confirmation (1966), as well as more than one of Prince Andrew's birthday parties. She even visited Charles in the hospital after his appendix was removed in 1962. Elizabeth and Philip's children called Alice "Yaya," a Greek nickname for grandmother.
Elizabeth and Anne meet Alice as she arrives, and Alice is disappointed that "Bubbikins" isn't there. Anne can hardly hold back her glee at learning her father's pet name. (Of all things, this is what the writers got right: the Vickers book excerpts a 1965 letter from Alice to Philip that begins "Dear Bubby-kins." Even more delightfully, the same book reveals Alice's joint nickname for Philip and Elizabeth: "the Filibets.")
While Real Philip helped his mother relocate from Greece to England, Show Philip is livid that she's arrived in the middle of his pet film project.
But the show within the show must go on, and the family is filmed sitting around together in the palace watching television. You'll note that one important person is missing: Prince Charles. He was featured extensively in Royal Family, but he's totally absent here.
Everyone sits around with the corgis, complaining that they're bored by the television show they're supposed to be enjoying. Margaret points out that they can't act naturally, because they really watch television alone in their separate palaces. The Queen Mother smiles vacantly.
Meanwhile, Alice -- who really was a constant smoker -- is desperate for a light, so she runs down and asks one of the BBC staff to help her out. He kindly obliges, but Philip sees the entire exchange and goes bananas.
He takes it out on the Queen, lambasting her for bringing his mother there in the first place and accusing her of meddling. He says Alice "was never a mother," which is definitely not how their relationship actually evolved during his adulthood! Ugh, this show.
The Queen goes to see Alice, who is smoking away with Princess Anne as they write letters trying to raise funds for the sisterhood's nursing operations.
This is the Queen's face when Alice and Anne suggest they should auction off a painting or a clock from the palace to fund the convent. (Note another appearance from the little invented pearl flower brooch, too.)
And finally, it's time to watch the finished documentary. In reality, the Queen viewed and approved the documentary alongside Princess Anne at a TV studio a month before it aired on the BBC and ITV in June 1969. Prince Philip saw the same version a week before it was televised.
But on The Crown, she's seeing it for the first time. (They're also showing a color version, when the one initially screened in Britain was in black and white.) In her pearls, she complains about the way her hair looks in one scene.
The Queen Mother makes a "ready for my close-up, Mr. DeMille" joke. She's wearing a brooch that looks era-appropriate for her jewelry collection, but not based on any specific piece that she owned. (Another history check: the family was not all together to watch the initial showing of the documentary on the BBC. According to The People, "The Queen, Prince Philip, and Princess Anne watched the film with Princess George of Hanover, Prince Philip's youngest sister, in the small private dining room at Windsor Castle. Prince Charles saw the documentary at Aberystwyth, where he has been studying at the University College of Wales. And the Queen Mother watched it at Royal Lodge, Windsor.")
Princess Margaret's face tells you how she feels about all of this, and the looming portrait of King George VI appears to agree with her.
One person loving the whole thing? The fictional John Armstrong, who writes a scathing review of the film for The Guardian.
The Queen is stunned by the review in the morning paper. In reality, the documentary earned almost universal praise when it was screened, as well as extremely high ratings. More than 30 million people watched in the United Kingdom alone, breaking the ratings record in the country (previously held by Churchill's state funeral, watched by 27 million). The Observer, for example, called it a "perfect public relations exercise," while the Guardian's most extended critique was that it was perhaps sometimes a little bit boring.
When alarm bells were rung, they were rung gently, and mostly for fear of what the increased access would mean for the monarchy going forward. One columnist, Milton Shulman, wrote shortly after the documentary aired, "Now that the monarchy has succumbed to the temptation of using TV, there is a danger that it, too, will lose its essential mystique and distance that has been the bulwark of its survival," adding that "from the monarch's standpoint the use of TV must be considered as a long-term proposition. If a precedent to reveal the intimate life of kings and queens is established, what will happen one day when a member of the Throne has a private life that is clearly in serious divergence from the image being projected on the box?"
The Queen wears a production-invented brooch that looks like a starfish as she discusses the challenges of media and the failures of the documentary with Harold Wilson. He reminds her that the people don't want her to be normal, they want her to be "an ideal."
Philip calls Anne to his office once more, telling her that she's pretty much their only hope to save their image now that the documentary has flopped. (...okay.) He wants her to agree to be featured in an in-depth profile in the Guardian.
But on the day Anne's scheduled to be fictionally interviewed by the fictional John Armstrong, she balks. He shows up for the interview anyway, and is quickly distracted by Alice wandering through the palace. (She's been sent out by Anne as a distraction.)
He sits down with Alice, who is exceptionally open with him about her deafness, her mental illness, and her time spent in a sanitarium.
And the Guardian ends up publishing a (fictional) lengthy profile on Alice, calling her "The Royal Saint."
The Queen and the Duke read the article over breakfast...
...and then Philip finally goes up to see his mother, reading the article in front of her. He's moved by many of her statements. (Remember that The Crown is pretending that the two haven't had a mother-son relationship at all.) Once again, the press teaches the monarchy how to feel in Peter Morgan's world. Sigh.
They go on a walk in the palace grounds together, all thanks to the Guardian.
Meanwhile, Adeane tells the Queen that overseas broadcasters want to show the royal documentary. The Queen says no. In reality, of course, the film rights were sold even before the documentary aired for the first time in Britain. The film was shown for the first time in color on CBS in America in September 1969 -- several weeks before Philip's Meet the Press appearance -- and it would go on to be shown in Canada, Australia, and several other countries. It was also repeated multiple times in the UK. The final showing was on the BBC on February 6, 1972, to mark the 20th anniversary of the Queen's accession. Scenes from the film have been included in other documentaries, but the entire documentary has not been shown in public since then -- not because it was a failure, but, it seems, because it represented a newer, more intrusive attitude about the monarchy and the media.
As always, no spoilers for future episodes in the comments, please! Our next Crown recap will be up next Thursday.
Labels: jewels on film , netflix , the crown , united kingdom


HPSC Civil Judge Recruitment 2018: Haryana Public Service Commission (HPSC) has issued Recruitment Notification 2018 for 107 Civil Judge (Junior Division) Posts. All interested, Eligible and Aspiring Candidates can Apply On-line on or before 30th September 2018 (30/09/2018). The detailed information such as Name of Posts, Total No of Posts, Pay Scale & Grade Pay, Educational Qualification, Age Limit, Application Fee, Selection Procedure, How to Apply, Last Date for Submission of Application Form etc. can be obtained further either by visiting Haryana Public Service Commission (HPSC) Official Website http://www.hpsc.gov.in/ or by Continue reading….
Age Limit – Candidates age should be in between 21 – 42 years as on 30/09/2018. However for age relaxation details, candidates can go through the detailed advertisement.
Selection Procedure – All Interested, Eligible and Aspiring Candidates who are applying for HPSC Civil Judge Recruitment 2018 will have to appear in Written Test (Pre & Main), Viva Voce and your final score will decide your fate.
How to Apply – All Interested, Eligible and Aspiring Candidates who are applying for HPSC Civil Judge Recruitment 2018 will have to visit Haryana Public Service Commission (HPSC) Official Website http://www.hpsc.gov.in/ and fill the On-line Application Form.


Good idea for the challenge. The colors seem to be quite "true", especially with such a dificule combination so close together.
Excellent composition with nice diagonal direction. Perfect lighting with no blown out areas and deep rich color. Wonderful!
Very nicely composed with a relaxed feel to it. Just a minor visual distraction lower right edge - looks like a sofa cushion.
Nice portrait - I like the diagonal, the shapes formed by the cropped guitar body and the skin tone, texture and position of the hands.
Great lighting, I love the colors. Good texture.
Good color and lighting. Nice pick for this challenge... good work!
I very much like this image. Particularly since it evokes rest to me, as most guitarists' hands are very busy with their craft. Only suggestion I can think of is a slightly tighter crop so the bits of color in the corners were gone (keeping the background black with the hands and guitar standing out), but really that's being picky probably. Nice strong image!
I thought about doing something like this (but my instrument's bass), but didn't know if I could pull it off. Nice job. I like the soft light and the warm colors. A tip: I notice the jagged lines in the strings, which usually comes from resizing. Try resizing in steps (say 20% at a time) - it usually minimizes, if not eliminates this.
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Home » OCD » Mice Study Suggests We Can Literally Smell Fear
Mice Study Suggests We Can Literally Smell Fear
A new finding may overrule the belief that a fear response is triggered by information processing that occurs in the brain.
It was thought that we become afraid of an odor — such as leaking gas —only after information about a scary scent is processed by our brain.
In the new study on sense of smell, neuroscientists at Rutgers University discovered the fear reaction can occur at the sensory level — even before the brain has the opportunity to interpret that the odor could mean trouble.
In a study published in Science, John McGann, Ph.D., associate professor in the Department of Psychology, and his colleagues, report that neurons in the noses of laboratory animals reacted more strongly to threatening odors before the odor message was sent to the brain.
"What is surprising is that we tend to think of learning as something that only happens deep in the brain after conscious awareness," said McGann.
"But now we see how the nervous system can become especially sensitive to threatening stimuli and that fear-learning can affect the signals passing from sensory organs to the brain."
McGann and students Marley Kass and Michelle Rosenthal made this discovery by using light to observe activity in the brains of genetically engineered mice through a window in the mouse's skull.
They found that those mice that received an electric shock simultaneously with a specific odor showed an enhanced response to the smell in the cells in the nose, before the message was delivered to the neurons in the brain.
The lab findings eerily correlate with the expression "sniffing out fear".
Further, this new research – which indicates that fearful memories can influence the senses – could help to better understand conditions like Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, in which feelings of anxiety and fear exist even though an individual is no longer in danger.
"We know that anxiety disorders like PTSD can sometimes be triggered by smell, like the smell of diesel exhaust for a soldier," said McGann.
"What this study does is gives us a new way of thinking about how this might happen."
In their study, the scientists also discovered a heightened sensitivity to odors in the mice traumatized by shock.
When these mice smelled the odor associated with the electrical shocks, the amount of neurotransmitter – chemicals that carry communications between nerve cells – released from the olfactory nerve into the brain was as big as if the odor were four times stronger than it actually was.
This created mice whose brains were hypersensitive to the fear-associated odors. Before now, scientists did not think that reward or punishment could influence how the sensory organs process information.
The next step in the continuing research, McGann said, is to determine whether the hypersensitivity to threatening odors can be reversed by using exposure therapy to teach the mice that the electrical shock is no longer associated with a specific odor.
This could help develop a better understanding of fear learning that might someday lead to new therapeutic treatments for anxiety disorders in humans, he says.
Source: Rutgers University
Brown mouse photo by shutterstock.
Nauert PhD, R. (2018). Mice Study Suggests We Can Literally Smell Fear. Psych Central. Retrieved on January 23, 2020, from https://psychcentral.com/news/2013/12/13/mice-study-suggests-we-can-literally-smell-fear/63260.html
Last updated: 8 Aug 2018 (Originally: 13 Dec 2013)
Overview OCD Symptoms Causes of OCD OCD Treatment OCD Test OCD FAQ In-depth Look at OCD OCD Support Groups OCD Books OCD Library OCD Resources


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https://www.myjoyonline.com/4-dead-in-somalia-hotel-siege/-------https://www.myjoyonline.com/4-dead-in-somalia-hotel-siege/
4 dead in Somalia hotel siege
28 November 2022 11:54am
A general view shows a deserted street in front of the presidential palace in Mogadishu
Somali forces are battling to regain control of a hotel seized by militants in the centre of the capital, Mogadishu, on Sunday evening.
At least four people have been killed and dozens more injured in the siege which has lasted more than 12 hours.
Witnesses have told the BBC of hearing multiple explosions and heavy gunfire coming from the popular Villa Rose hotel near the presidential palace.
The al-Qaeda affiliated group al-Shabab has said it carried out the attack.
The Villa Rose Guest hotel is popular with government officials and several ministers have confirmed being rescued.
At least one minister, Mohamed Ahmed, is reported to have been injured while another, Environment Minister Adam Aw Hirsi, told reporters he had survived the attack.
Al-Shabab has continued to carry out attacks in central and southern Somalia despite recent government troops backed by African Union forces and local militias retaking areas previously captured by the group.
An unknown number of assailants, armed with explosives and guns, were involved, police officers told Reuters news agency.
One eyewitness described hearing a "huge blast, followed by a heavy exchange of gunfire".
"We were shaken," Ahmed Abdullahi, who lives close to the scene, told the news agency. "We are just indoors, listening to gunfire."
Some government officials were rescued from Villa Rose after using windows to escape, said police officer Mohammed Abdi.
In August, three months after taking office, President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud pledged "total war" against the Islamist militants following an attack on another popular Mogadishu hotel. More than 20 people died.
Two months later, twin car bomb explosions near a busy junction in Mogadishu killed at least 100 people. Al-Shabab also said it was behind that attack.
President Mohamud subsequently mobilised the Somali army and government-backed clan militias in a bid to take villages and towns from al-Shabab, which controls large swathes of the country.
BBC Africa correspondent Andrew Harding recently spent time with the so-called "lightning" brigade, which is funded by the US and plays a central role in the uprising against al-Shabab.
Al-Shabab has a long history of targeting hotelsknown to be frequented by government officials and foreigners.
The militant group's central aim is to topple Somalia's government and establish its own rule based on a strict interpretation of Islamic law.
Hotel attack
Somalia drought: So weak from hunger she couldn't bury her child
A hundred camels save a murderer's life
Half of Somalia's population hungry as drought bites
Somalia elects new president by 327 people
Somalia: At least six killed in Mogadishu attack near beach
Somalia's elections – where the people don't vote
Big bomb explodes near Somalia's main airport
Somalia PM defiant after President suspends him
ICJ rejects Kenya case in Somalia maritime border row
Mahama withdraws acceptance as African Union Envoy to Somalia


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Thanks Eve, you've lost weight since making this video! See ya Thursday.
Thumbs up on this lesson. Thanks Eve!
Do you go to the right or left?
Good show! Are we to take the minor chords and fit them in as well?


A Nuits on the Vosne-Romanée side of the commune that produces wines that are lighter and softer than those from vineyards south of Nuits-St.-Georges. Bright and sweet fruit. Fine, crisp and focused flavours of raspberry and loganberry with richer touches of griotte.
Henri Gouges started Domaine-bottling in the 1920s and as such are one of Burgundy's pioneering estates. Henri's grandsons Pierre and Christian have been looking after production for the last two decades and have been responible for carving out the Domaine's great reputation for uniquely muscular, long-lived Burgundies. As from the 2007 vintage Gregory, Christian's nephew, who has been working at the Domaine since 2003, is making the wines and has made an immediate impact. His aim is for less extraction in the wines through a collection of numerous small details in the winemaking process, including more use of gravity in the cellars and less pumping of the wines. His changes are not totally wholesale, though, and he still clearly sticks to the Domaine's reserved, traditional approach to making wine. Stems are not included in fermentation but use of new oak is fairly limited. The resultant wines are pure, high-toned, certainly not flashy, and powerful but not unwieldy, they give immense pleasure. An exciting new dawn for a benchmark Burgundian Domaine.


Please understand that the only reason I can speak so authoritatively about fear is that I know it so intimately.
Around the age of 22, I somehow figured out that my fear had no variety to it, no depth, no substance, no texture.
I noticed that my fear never changed, never delighted, never offered a surprise twist or an unexpected ending.
Which means that my fear always made predictably boring decisions, like a choose-your-own-ending book that always had the same ending: nothingness.
So…..I realised that my fear was boring because it was identical to everyone else's fear.
I figured out that everyone's song of fear has exactly that same tedious lyric: "STOP, STOP, STOP, STOP!" True, the volume may vary from person to person, but the song itself never changes, because all of us humans were equipped with the same basic fear package when we were being knitted in our mothers' wombs.
For the entirety of my young life, I had fixated upon my fear as if it were the most interesting thing about me, when actually it was the most mundane.
In fact my fear was probably the only 100 percent mundane thing about me.
I had creativity within me that was original; I had dreams and perspectives and aspirations within me that were original. But my fear was not original in the least.
My fear wasn't some kind of rare artisanal object; it was just a mass-produced item, available on the shelves of any generic box store.
Now you probably think I'm going to tell that you must become fearless in order to live a more creative life.
But I 'm not going to tell you that, because I don't happen to believe it's true.
Creativity is a path for the brave, yes, but it is not a path for the fearless, and it's important to recognise the distinction.
The truth is you need your fear, for obvious reasons of basic survival.
Just because you don't need your fear when it comes to creativity, of course, doesn't mean your fear won't show up.
Trust me, your fear will always show up – especially when you're trying to be inventive or innovative.
Your fear will always be triggered by your creativity, because creativity asks you to enter into realms of uncertain outcome, and fear hates uncertain outcome.
This is all totally natural and human.
It's absolutely nothing to be ashamed of.
For me, I will be the first to admit that I wish I had changed my life earlier, but I didn't have the courage. I always knew what I needed to do, but for years it made me sick with fear to imagine actually doing it.
This observation made me think of all the times in my life when I was stuck, and also knew exactly what I needed to do — but I might have put it off for years.
In fact, it made me wonder if maybe we all have some deep inner instinct about our true destiny — about what we need to do next, at every turn — but our fear and insecurity and self-doubt sometimes makes us put it off for years. Or forever.
I do believe that every single time in my life I have ever said in desperation, "I don't know what I should do!" — in fact, I DID know what I needed to do. I was just too afraid to do it.
And then one day, you've had enough.
And then one day — you just freaking go do it.
And that's the day when the best part of your life actually begins.
At least I think so…………..
Anyway I am just thinking out loud, this Monday morning!
"My fear was a song with only one word"- not only is it beautifully put, but it's a wonderfully fresh change of perspective. Thanks so much for sharing!
A very nice message. That's human's only challenge.
Such a great post (as usual)! This really resonated with me because I often allow my fear(s) to get the best of me, particularly when I'm trying to be creative. I've recently pushed pass my fear(s) and embraced the wonders of my gifts and talents. Thank you for expressing your truth. You're lighting dim candles around the world with your words – how amazing! God bless you and your ministry.


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IWLCA Inducts the 2019 Hall of Fame Class
By IWLCA Admin, 11/21/19, 10:00PM EST
The Intercollegiate Women's Lacrosse Coaches Association (IWLCA) inducted three coaches into the organization's Hall of Fame this evening. The IWLCA Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony was held in conjunction with the IWLCA Annual Meetings at the Palm Beach County Convention Center in West Palm Beach, Fla.
Diane Geppi-Aikens, Jane Miller, and Robin Sheppard represent the third class of inductees. Colgate University head coach Kathy Taylor, who also serves as the IWLCA President, acted as the Master of Ceremonies for the event. "The Hall of Fame has become one of the highlights of our Annual Meetings, and this year's event was no exception. Diane, Jane, and Robin are legends in women's lacrosse, and we were so pleased to be able to honor them and cement their legacy."
Miller and Sheppard were on hand with several of their former players to accept their award. Diane Geppi-Aikens was recognized posthumously; her daughter, Shannon Quinn, accepted the honor on Geppi-Aikens' behalf.
2019 Hall of Fame Inductee Bios
Diane Geppi-Aikens served as head coach at Loyola College (now Loyola University Maryland) from 1989-2003, compiling a .736 winning percentage to go with a record of 196-70 that includes 10 NCAA Tournament and seven Final Four appearances. Geppi-Aikens was a three-time IWLCA Division I Coach of the Year honoree (1996, 1997 and 2003) and coached 15 first-team All-American players during her tenure. She served as a member of the NCAA Women's Lacrosse Committee from 1995-99 and was chairperson of the committee for two years. As a player, Geppi-Aikens was a collegiate standout in lacrosse and volleyball, earning second team IWLCA All-American status following her senior season in 1984. She was the recipient of the Tewaaraton Lifetime Recognition Award in 2001 and received both the NCAA's Inspiration Award and the ECAC's Award of Valor in 2003. Geppi-Aikens is a member of both the US Lacrosse Greater Baltimore Chapter and National Lacrosse Hall of Fame. The IWLCA renamed its lifetime achievement award in her honor in 2002. Geppi-Aikens passed away in 2003 and will be inducted posthumously.
Jane Miller coached at the University of Virginia from 1983 to 1995 and posted a 145-44 record during her 12 seasons guiding the Cavaliers. Miller's teams made six NCAA semi-final appearances and claimed the Championship in both 1991 and 1993. Miller was named the Division I Coach of the Year in 1991 by the IWLCA, coached three IWLCA Players of the Year and was on the staff for Team USA at the 1986 IFWLA World Cup. As an administrator, Miller served on the NCAA Women's Lacrosse committee for several years and was elected as the chair of the NCAA Division I Championship/Sports Management Cabinet in 2011. She was also the first Senior Women's Administrator appointed to the NCAA Division I Board of Directors, where she participated in the overall governance of NCAA Division I Athletics for three years. Miller began her lacrosse coaching career at Longwood, where she posted a 28-20-2 record over four seasons.
Robin Sheppard coached at Trinity College for 25 seasons, posting a 213-68-5 record and .753 winning percentage, while amassing four NIAC championship titles, seven ECAC tournament appearances, and three NCAA Division III Tournament appearances. She coached 11 first-team All-Americans and received the IWLCA's Diane Geppi-Aikens award in 2005. After retiring as the coach of Trinity's lacrosse and field hockey teams, Sheppard served as an associate athletic director at Trinity. She served as the NCAA New England region chair for lacrosse, and the women's lacrosse and field hockey facility at Trinity is named in her honor.
More event photos to follow.
Tag(s): Home News
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Gpaa Ransomware, or Global Poverty Aid Agency Ransomware, is a malicious application which surely belongs to the group of the nastiest malware. Although it illegally enters computers, it does not try to stay unnoticed. Instead, it starts working on victims' computers right after successfully infiltrating the computer. When its malicious file is launched, the Windows Explorer (explorer.exe) crashes. Then, the ransomware infection starts encrypting users' personal files. Before locking users' files, it first finds where they are located. Researchers at pcthreat.com have revealed that this malicious application finds and locks all kinds of files, including pictures, documents, text files, and media files. It does that so that it could obtain money from users easily. Although Gpaa Ransomware claims that it is a part of the crowdfunding campaign whose goal is to raise 1000 Bitcoins ("1 BTC for 1 CHILD!") to save children, do not make a payment by any means because your money will end up in the hands of cyber criminals and will surely not reach poor children. If all the victims send the money required to developers of ransomware-type infections, they will never stop developing these threats. It is another reason you should keep your money in the pocket. Unfortunately, we cannot promise that you could unlock your files without the private key.
Gpaa Ransomware was first detected in the first half of June, 2017, so it is still not very popular at the time of writing. Of course, it does not mean that it cannot enter your computer because it uses sophisticated tactics to enter users' systems. You will find out soon about its entrance because you will find a bunch of your files encrypted and having a new filename extension .cerber6. Names of these files touched by the ransomware infection will all be changed as well, for example, picture.jpg will become 2sjUpOFZcW1i6UZA.cerber6. After encrypting all users' valuable files, Gpaa Ransomware creates ransom notes !READ.htm in directories with encrypted files. This file contains a message and a picture of a starving Nigerian child. Also, this file tells users why they can no longer access their files. In addition, they find out what they can do to get those files back after reading the message. It has been noticed that the size of the ransom demanded by Gpaa Ransomware might vary, but it should be about 2 Bitcoins (4903 USD at today's price). Since there are no guarantees that you could decrypt your files after sending money to cyber criminals, you should not send a cent to them. Instead, go to recover your files from a backup or try restoring them from Shadow Volume copies. We cannot promise that these alternative data recovery methods will work either, though.
Without a doubt, Gpaa Ransomware is one of these computer infections which illegally enter computers. As a consequence, users know nothing about its entrance. Researchers at pcthreat.com are sure that users do not download and install this malicious application on their computers. Instead, it might enter systems illegally via RDP connections. What is more, research carried out by our specialists has revealed that this computer infection might be spread via spam emails as well. In this case, users contribute to the entrance of this ransomware-type infection by opening an attachment they find in a spam email. Of course, they do not know that they will allow malicious software to enter their PCs by opening it. It is not always easy to prevent a harmful threat from entering the system because they use a bunch of different methods to show up on users' PCs. Luckily, there is still one way to ensure the system's protection. You can do this by installing a reputable security application on your computer and enabling it.
You need to remove Gpaa Ransomware fully as soon as possible because your files will be encrypted one more time if you ever click on its executable file. Since it is not one of those infections which make a bunch of modifications on affected computers, it should not be extremely hard to delete it. In fact, there are only two removal steps you need to perform to get rid of it. First, delete all recently download files. Second, remove ransom notes from directories with encrypted files. It is, for sure, not the only ransomware removal method you can adopt. You can delete this infection automatically as well. Download and install a legitimate scanner on your computer and then perform a full system scan with it once.
Open %TEMP%, %USERPROFILE%\Downloads, %USERPROFILE%\Desktop, and %APPDATA%.
Remove !READ.htm from all the places with encrypted files.
Quick & tested solution for Gpaa Ransomware removal.