Can i buy nolvadex in australia can you buy zoloft over the counter can i buy an albuterol inhaler online. Discount coupons for neurontin buy zoloft australia buy viagra cash on delivery diflucan 150 mg buy online. Can i buy zoloft in mexico zoloft where can i buy buy albuterol for nebulizer online zoloft 100mg buy online buy viagra next day delivery uk. Zoloft online buy zoloft to buy online where can i buy nolvadex in australia buy cheap tramadol online with mastercard zoloft buy online canada. Zoloft online buy buy zoloft online without prescription hair loss and amlodipine diflucan 150 mg online buy cheap tramadol with mastercard. Tadalafil doc generici neurontin or lamictal Acheter ventoline aux usa hair loss and amlodipine hair loss from amlodipine zoloft buy online canada metformin medication uses. Can you buy zoloft in mexico buy cytotec generic buy zoloft cheap buying zoloft online zoloft generic buy buy generic cytotec buy cheap tramadol 100mg online. Cheap viagra next day delivery uk where to buy generic zoloft buy viagra uk next day delivery neurontin or lyrica neurontin or lyrica for nerve pain buy zoloft 50 mg. Buy cheap tramadol overnight delivery neurontin or lyrica for fibromyalgia lyrica or neurontin for nerve pain where can i buy zoloft online neurontin or gabapentin. Amlodipine benazepril and hair loss buy albuterol vials online lyrica or neurontin for anxiety buy pfizer zoloft buy cheap tramadol online.com. Hair loss amlodipine besylate lyrica or neurontin for neuropathy zoloft buy online uk buy viagra next day delivery. Hair loss with amlodipine where to buy zoloft australia zoloft uk buy buy zoloft from canada generic viagra next day delivery buying zoloft online canada. Cymbalta or neurontin for chronic back pain which is safer neurontin or lyrica neurontin capsule or tablet diflucan 150 online buy zoloft usa neurontin or lyrica. Zoloft vs generic brand can i buy zoloft in canada buy albuterol online uk buy albuterol inhalers online buy zoloft canada. Zoloft buy online uk order viagra online overnight shipping tramadol online cheapest can i buy zoloft over the counter buy cheap tramadol 50mg amlodipine besylate 5mg hair loss.
Generic finasteride hairlosstalk generic for finasteride buy zoloft 50 mg finasteride generic health cheapest prices for viagra online buy ventolin inhalers online cheap. Zoloft buy online canada can i buy zoloft in canada where to buy generic zoloft finasteride generic version generic finasteride nz buy zoloft from canada. Buy zantac 150 online uk zovirax over the counter canada buy zantac 75 online ventolin kopen in spanje can you buy zoloft over the counter. Ventolin tabletten kopen ventolin kopen apotheek buy zantac online australia generic finasteride 5 mg generic finasteride for sale. Generic finasteride hair loss zantac online coupon buy ventolin online cheap zoloft australia buy is zovirax over the counter in canada zoloft pharmacy prices. Generic viagra pills for sale buy pfizer zoloft can you buy zovirax cream over the counter in canada ventolin kopen in frankrijk generic finasteride brands. Ventolin inhaler kopen generic finasteride for hair loss can i get zoloft in mexico ventolin kopen belgie generic finasteride not as good. Price for viagra tablets buy zantac online cheapest prices for viagra generic finasteride buy buy zoloft 100mg generic finasteride success zoloft uk buy can i buy zovirax over the counter in canada. Zoloft where can i buy salbutamol ventolin kopen Zoloft 60 Pills 50mg $60 - $1 Per pill buying zoloft online canada where can i buy zoloft online. Zoloft to buy online generic finasteride 5mg canada zoloft generic buy ventolin inhaler online kopen can i buy zoloft in mexico generic finasteride 1mg uk. Price for viagra from pfizer where to buy zantac online can i buy zoloft in mexico generic finasteride just as good where to buy zoloft in the uk. Generic finasteride safe buy zantac online uk ventolin 100 kopen zoloft generic or brand zantac 150 buy online. Finasteride generic available generic finasteride shedding buy ventolin cheap best price for viagra in canada. Buy cheap ventolin online generic finasteride vs propecia buy zoloft canada.
Wo kann man cialis generika kaufen zoloft anxiety medicine zoloft headache medicine zoloft generic australia prazosin hcl brand name cialis generika rezeptfrei kaufen. Zoloft over the counter equivalent cialis generika seriös kaufen viagra over the counter switzerland zoloft over the counter. Zoloft online kaufen lioresal tablets prescribing information zoloft online bestellen cialis generika kaufen zoloft tablets australia viagra over the counter amsterdam. What is generic levitra called generic version of levitra baclofen lioresal 10 mg tablet zoloft medicine price. Prazosin brand name Levitra tablets 20 mg generic levitra buy synthroid online order viagra over the counter spain. Orlistat kb online acheter du zoloft ou acheter zoloft when is generic levitra available lioresal tablet yan etkileri zoloft generic brands australia. Prazosin hydrochloride brands in india viagra over the counter northern ireland zoloft 25 mg tablet generic equivalent for levitra zoloft 50 mg tabletten. Best price on generic levitra zoloft bestellen ohne rezept cialis generika sicher kaufen zoloft tablets 50mg price. Zoloft and headaches medicine lowest price generic levitra synthroid purchase online viagra over the counter substitute. Where can you buy synthroid online zoloft ohne rezept bestellen what is the generic of levitra get synthroid online. Lioresal 10 mg tablets cheap synthroid online acheter zoloft en ligne cialis generika per nachnahme kaufen zoloft medicine reviews generic synthroid online. Prazosin brand name in uae generic zoloft online pharmacy is generic levitra safe cialis generika kaufen banküberweisung what is the generic for levitra buying generic levitra online.
Stromectol online pharmacy how much promethazine codeine syrup to get high price of zoloft vs generic how much to lean on promethazine. Tretinoin gel buy uk how much promethazine and codeine syrup to get high cilostazol pletal price buy cialis cheap us pharmacy how much promethazine with codeine do i need to get high. Zoloft 90 Pills 100mg $99 - $1.1 Per pill buy zoloft online cheap how much codeine and promethazine syrup buy cialis us pharmacy. Can you buy tretinoin cream over the counter how much promethazine w codeine to get high tretinoin gel to buy cialis online us pharmacy how much promethazine with codeine to lean. Viagra canada london drugs how much promethazine and codeine does it take to get high buy cialis usa pharmacy promethazine high how much. How much does promethazine with codeine syrup cost how much promethazine with codeine high tretinoin gel where to buy. Promethazine dm syrup how much to take pletal 50 mg price cilostazol pletal price how much does promethazine and codeine cost. Where can you buy tretinoin cream buy generic zoloft how much promethazine do you need to get high order cialis online us pharmacy. Cost of zoloft without insurance tretinoin gel usp 0.1 buy cialis usa pharmacy online cost of zoloft with insurance how much promethazine with codeine should i take to get high. Buy cheap zoloft online buy generic zoloft online cialis usa pharmacy cost of zoloft vs generic cost of zoloft prescription where can i buy generic zoloft. Generic zoloft cost without insurance gabapentine zonder recept tretinoin gel 0.01 buy tretinoin retin a buy pletal 50 mg price. Buy cialis for cheap from us pharmacy promethazine codeine syrup high how much zoloft tropfen kaufen how much promethazine and codeine to get high buy stromectol online uk. Buy zoloft generic online generic cialis usa pharmacy cost of generic zoloft without insurance promethazine with codeine how much to get high how much promethazine do you use for lean. Where do you buy tretinoin cream pletal cost promethazine and codeine how much to get high how much promethazine with codeine to get high. Stromectol 12mg online stromectol buy online uk cialis online pharmacy usa promethazine with codeine syrup how much codeine. Ez online pharmacy buy cialis usa where to buy tretinoin gel usp how much promethazine with codeine does it take to get high price of generic zoloft without insurance. Tretinoin gel 0.1 buy buy cialis from us pharmacy tretinoin gel 0.1 buy uk where to buy retin a tretinoin cream generic price for zoloft. Pletal 100 mg price buy tretinoin gel 0.01 where can i buy tretinoin gel 0.1 cost of zoloft 100mg buy generic zoloft canada. Tretinoin retin-a where to buy gabapentine zonder recept buy stromectol scabies online cialis online usa pharmacy tretinoin gel usp buy. Tretinoin gel .025 buy buy cialis online us pharmacy how much promethazine does it take to make lean how much promethazine in lean pletal drug cost. How much is 8 oz of promethazine codeine cost how much promethazine with codeine syrup do you take to get high cost of zoloft canada.
This is a wonderful program and one of my favorite times of the year for the CSA. Your baskets contain most of the late summer crops like our heirloom tomatoes and peppers found in our summer CSA share, but as the cooler weather starts moving in, the greens start coming in again. This is also a great value for your food dollars with a little preserving via freezing some of your spinach, kale and long keeping items like sweet potatoes and winter squash. Your fall CSA can last you through many of the winter weeks ahead!
First pickup and CSA Gathering in August.
10% discount at the farm market.
Harvest fresh flowers and herbs throughout the season even during non-pickup weekends.
2 free flower bouquet cards to give to their friends.
Pick from the market tables on trial crops or crops that aren't coming in enough to fill the entire CSA program.
Free workshops, recipes and discount at farm events such as The Fall Festival.
*When the fall season ends depends on the weather and could end as late as mid November.
**We may request a more frequent pickup when a hard frost is coming as we'll need to get those tender crops harvested and sent home before the weather turns.
Here is an example of what you may find in your basket.
Pumpkins • apples • baby red kale, etc.


text:
ApplicationsInternet
How to Access Google Play Store From China
China has some of the most stringent and far-reaching internet restrictions in the world. In fact, the government blocks access to not just the Google Play Store in China, but also services you use every day like Facebook, Skype, and YouTube. This makes it difficult to stay in contact with your friends and family back home, which presents a real problem given the ongoing issues that the country is facing.
It is possible to bypass China's online restrictions with a VPN, but most of these are blocked and only a few still work reliably. On the plus side, these don't just let you use the internet freely in China; they also encrypt your traffic, preventing any snoopers from seeing what you get up to online, and greatly enhancing your privacy.
How to unblock the Google Play Store in China
It's actually surprisingly easy to unblock the Google Play Store in China. Just follow our quick step-by-step guide.
Here's how to unblock the Google Play Store in China:
First, decide which of the VPNs below you'd like to use (we recommend ExpressVPN). Note: as most VPN websites are blocked, it's vital you install the VPN before arriving.
Download and install the VPN app on your devices. Most services allow multiple simultaneous connections and offer a variety of apps for popular operating systems.
Log in and connect to the VPN. The server you choose doesn't really matter, but generally, you can expect slower speeds the farther away it is.
Now, just access the Google Play Store as normal. If your device doesn't have this app, you can install it manually using an.APK file from a reputable host like APKMirror.
It's often difficult to decide which VPN to use, but China's sweeping surveillance raises the stakes even higher. We'll go into more detail about our recommended VPNs below but here's an at-a-glance look at our top picks.
Best VPNs for unblocking the Google Play Store in China:
ExpressVPN: Our top choice for unblocking Google Play in China. Boasts high speeds, great unblocking ability, and a wealth of security features.
NordVPN: The best budget VPN for China. This fast, security-conscious service offers a no-logs policy and special privacy-optimized servers.
PrivateVPN: An extremely fast VPN that keeps no logs and unblocks the Google Play Store with ease, wherever you are.
Surfshark: This no-logs provider takes your security very seriously. It has excellent unblocking ability, strong multi-platform support, and no connection limit.
Hotspot Shield: A fast VPN that emphasizes security and unblocking ability. With 3,000+ servers worldwide, it's a great choice for accessing Google Play in China.
To ensure that you get a reliable, versatile service, and not just one that works in China, we're only recommending VPNs that meet all of the criteria below:
Unblocks major services like the Google Play Store while in China
Provides reliable, high-speed connections
Doesn't log any information that could identify you
Uses effectively uncrackable encryption and a variety of other security features
Has apps for all popular operating systems and devices
Best VPNs for unblocking the Google Play app store in China
Below is a short review of each VPN capable of unblocking the Google Play Store from China. Read on to find out which is the best VPN to suit your needs.
ExpressVPN is a great choice for anyone looking to access the Google Play Store in China. It reliably bypasses the Great Firewall, offers access to 3,000+ servers in over 90 countries, and is fast enough for flawless streaming. What's more, this VPN allows you to connect up to five devices at once, meaning you can browse safely wherever you go.
This service uses 256-bit AES encryption, a kill switch, and protection against DNS, IPv6, and WebRTC leaks to keep your activities private at all times. You can choose to let certain apps through the VPN, for instance, if you want to watch Chinese TV and browse the Google Play Store without disconnecting and reconnecting the VPN constantly. This is known as VPN split tunneling.
ExpressVPN doesn't log any personally identifiable information but if you're concerned, you can always pay in Bitcoin for added privacy. 24/7 assistance is available via live chat.
ExpressVPN offers simple, user-friendly apps for iOS, Android, Windows, MacOS, and Linux. It also has custom firmware to help simplify the process of installing it on your home router.
Fantastic speeds for downloading and streaming
Solid privacy and security
Complete privacy – no logs of personal data kept
Unblocks all major streaming services
Slightly more expensive than some of its rivals
BEST VPN FOR CHINA:ExpressVPN offers consistently high speeds, powerful security features, and the ability to unblock the Google Play Store while in China. What's more, this service includes a 30-day money-back guarantee so you can try it completely risk-free.
NordVPN has a huge network, with more than 5,000 servers spread across 58 countries. This all but guarantees you a high-speed connection, making it ideal for streaming, video calls, or large downloads. NordVPN not only works in China, but it also unblocks major services like Netflix US, Facebook, and Skype. With up to six simultaneous connections permitted, you can secure most of your devices at the same time.
Security is this VPN's specialty. It uses WebRTC, IPv6, and DNS leak protection, a customizable kill switch, automatic malware-scanning, and 256-bit encryption to prevent snoopers from monitoring your activities. Additionally, it lets you connect to obfuscated servers that are specifically designed for bypassing web restrictions in countries like China and the UAE. NordVPN accepts cryptocurrency payments and keeps no logs, so your privacy is in good hands. You can reach customer support 24/7 over live chat in case of any issues.
NordVPN provides apps for Linux, MacOS, Windows, Android, and iOS devices. This service can also be manually installed on select internet routers.
Allows for customized security setup
Keeps no logs whatsoever
Excellent unblocking ability
Specialized, privacy-optimized servers
Desktop apps can be slow at times
BEST LOW-COST VPN: NordVPN puts your security first, but it also provides reliable high-speed connections, a no-logs policy, and above-average unblocking ability at an affordable price. In fact, this service even comes with a 30-day money-back guarantee.
PrivateVPN is among the fastest services we've tested, which makes it perfect for anyone looking to download large apps from the Google Play Store. This service is excellent at unblocking and works well in China, so there are very few limits on what you'll be able to access. Further, with a six-connection limit, you'll be able to secure all of your most commonly-used devices.
This VPN offers 256-bit encryption, DNS and IPv6 leak protection, and a kill switch that stops sending traffic immediately any time you lose your connection suddenly. There's also a stealth mode that lets you bypass strict online blocking like the kind used by the Chinese government. PrivateVPN is a zero-logs provider, so there's no need to worry about having details of your activities revealed. Live chat-based support is available 22 hours per day, just in case you have any problems.
PrivateVPN apps are available for Android, MacOS, iOS, Windows, and Linux. If you'd prefer, you can manually configure it for use with your wireless router.
Very fast speeds
"Stealth mode" works in China
Gaining a solid reputation for the range of site and services they can unblock
Small but growing network of servers
Live chat goes offline for two hours per day
ZERO LOGS PROVIDER:PrivateVPN is one of the fastest services we've tested and it doesn't keep any logs at all. With strong security features, exceptional unblocking ability, and a 30-day money-back guarantee, it's a solid way to access the Google Play Store abroad.
Surfshark is a highly versatile VPN. This VPN works in China, has more than 1,000 servers spread across over 60 countries, and allows you to connect all of your devices simultaneously. Better still, this service unblocks a huge range of popular platforms abroad, including Netflix US, BBC iPlayer, and Amazon Prime Video.
It doesn't skimp on security features, either. In fact, with 256-bit AES encryption, protection against IPv6, WebRTC, and DNS leaks, a kill switch, and a combination malware-scanner and ad-blocker, you're very well protected. Surfshark's NoBorders mode lets you bypass Chinese internet blocking and access services that usually block VPN traffic outright. This service doesn't log any data that could identify you and accepts Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Ripple payments. If you're having problems, you can reach support 24/7 over live chat or email.
Surfshark has MacOS, iOS, Windows, Android, and Linux apps. This VPN also works with select network routers, but you'll have to install it manually.
Connect as many devices as you like
Puts your security and privacy first
Solid speeds and good unblocking capabilities
Occasional slow server
Server network is relatively small compared to many competitors
BROWSE WITHOUT LIMITS:Surfshark unblocks plenty of services (including the Google Play Store) and allows you to secure all of your devices simultaneously. This service boasts numerous security and privacy features, as well as a 30-day money-back guarantee.
Hotspot Shield is a strong, affordable option for anyone looking to browse the Google Play Store while in China. It has over 3,000 servers in more than 80 countries, and can even unblock some of the more stubborn platforms like Netflix and Amazon Prime Video from abroad. This VPN allows users to connect up to five of their devices at once.
This service keeps your internet traffic private using a combination of a kill switch, DNS and IPv6 leak protection, and 256-bit encryption. If you'd like, you can allow certain apps to pass through the VPN, or tell the app to connect automatically any time you use a public wifi network. Hotspot Shield deletes all personally identifiable data when your session ends, so there's no chance of having your activities traced back to you. Need help? Customer support is on-hand via 24/7 live chat.
Hotspot Shield users can protect themselves using dedicated Android, iOS, Windows, and MacOS apps.
Fast enough for lag-free video calls and streaming
Good range of security settings
Able to unblock all kinds of region-locked content in China
Can't be installed on Linux or routers
Working to repair reputation after past privacy issues
VERY HIGH SPEEDS:Hotspot Shield offers high speeds, strong security, and the ability to unblock the Google Play app store from anywhere, even China. As if that wasn't enough, it comes with a 45-day money-back guarantee.
Can I bypass Chinese internet restrictions with a free VPN?
There are plenty of free VPNs on the market, but we don't recommend using them, and especially not when in China. For a start, these services often struggle to unblock everyday geo-restricted platforms like Netflix and BBC iPlayer, so they have effectively no chance of beating the Chinese government's cutting-edge web-filtering. Even if you find one that works, free VPNs often have more users than their networks can support, which leads to painfully slow speeds; not exactly what you want when downloading apps.
You should also be aware of the security risks that free VPNs pose. A study of over 200 such apps found that malware was present in nearly 40 percent of them. Perhaps even more concerning, almost one in five never used any encryption, which means that they're no more secure than browsing normally. Threats come in many forms, though; we've even a major provider (Hola) sell user bandwidth for use in a botnet.
The best way to protect yourself online is to use a reputable VPN with a no-logs policy and a history of standing up for its users' privacy.
Can't I just use one of the China-specific app stores?
Although the Google Play Store is blocked, China does have plenty of alternatives. However, there are several problems with marketplaces like Baidu, Tencent App Store, Huawei App Store, and Xiaomi.
The first (and most obvious) issue is that these app stores likely won't have the apps you want. They may offer imitations, but unless you can read Chinese, many of these will be useless to you. Additionally, without knowing how these marketplaces vet prospective apps, it's difficult to know if what you're downloading is really safe or not.
Finally, as the government monitors all online activity, you could find yourself in hot water if you inadvertently search a China-approved app store for flagged terms like "VPN" or "Facebook".
nnn is an excellent command line based file manager for Linux, macOS and BSDs
Set Up New iPhone 11 (Transfer from old iPhone) Quick Start Guide

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


This vintage-inspired design is crafted from platinum and showcases an exquisite 0.55ct classical solitaire brilliant cut centre diamond, surrounded by a halo of smaller round diamonds.
The decadent design is finished with hand crafted micro-set diamonds in the shoulders. Elegant and refined, this ring is the perfect choice for those who appreciate the glamour of a vintage-inspired piece.
Hand-finished and cleverly designed to fit perfectly with your wedding band.


text:
Q: Angular 2 Beta: Visual Studio ASP .NET MVC I built an application for Angular 2 alpha 45 and it worked wonderfully, but I had to 'mess' around a lot to get it to work. I understand Angular 2, but I don't understand how to get it to work to start actually using Angular 2.
I am trying a clean build of the 'Angular 2: 5 min Quickstart'. There are a number of issues, and I am going to be as specific as possible. I want to learn why these issues are occurring and hopefully how to fix them.
Visual Studio 2015 Update 1, Typescript 1.7.
Typescript Configuration:
the quickstart includes a tsconfig.json file.
{
    "compilerOptions": {
    "target": "es5",
    "module": "system",
    "moduleResolution": "node",
    "sourceMap": true,
    "emitDecoratorMetadata": true,
    "experimentalDecorators": true,
    "removeComments": false,
    "noImplicitAny": false
 },
 "exclude": [
    "node_modules"
 ]
}

I am not sure if this does anything though, as I had to edit the ProjectName.csproj file and add the line:
<TypeScriptExperimentalDecorators>True</TypeScriptExperimentalDecorators>
to get rid of the Experimental Decorators Error.
https://github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript/issues/3124 seems to suggest the tsconfig file needs to be in /Scripts to work, but that doesn't work for me either.
I would like to know either how to get this tsconfig file to work, or to edit the .csproj file to get the same compiler options. If you look in the Project Properties > Typescript Build. Are these what matter? Should the module system be: System?
My file structure is the same as the Quickstart.
app/
    app.component.ts
    boot.ts
node_modules/
    blah
index.html
tsconfig.json
package.json

I used powershell to run npm install to get everything in the node_modules directory.
import {Component} from 'angular2/core'; displays an error. ../node_modules/angular2/core'; doesn't display the error, but then when you build the project, you get lots of build errors in files in node_moduels/angular2/src/*. Now, I might be able to go in and manually fix these issues, but I feel like the configuration is wrong if these errors are appearing. The tsconfig seems to want to exclude node_modules. Why am I not able to use 'angular2/core' and instead must use a relative path to it? If I include the node_modules in the Visual Studio project, there are an insane amount of build errors in the node_modules.
Separately:
I am doing this clean build because I couldn't work out how to update the project from alpha 45 to beta 0. Fixing bugs in my project from Angular 2 changes will be easy, but getting the app to load all the modules at the moment is impossible.
The next part is assuming I get past the build errors:
In index.html there is the:
System.config({
    packages: {
    app: {
        format: 'register',
            defaultExtension: 'js'
        }
    }
});
System.import('app/boot')
    .then(null, console.error.bind(console));

I have never gotten the System.import('app/boot') to work without specifying the file extension. Is this a visual studio issue or is it a .NET MVC issue? If I specify the file extension in index.html, then I get 404s with System.js trying to find the component files without a file extension (even though the config has defaultExtension: 'js'. Is this because I need to include the js files in my project?  Then if I get past that issue, I have to deal with
system.src.js:1049 GET http://localhost:63819/angular2/http 404 (Not Found)

I didn't have a single build error, but now System.js is not loading anything.
I feel like these are all issues that are created by different systems interpreting the typescript differently. I feel like I haven't been clear, but I don't know how to be clear about this issue. I would really appreciate any help and guidance you could bestow upon me. I feel like I have been searching for an answer to this for days now.

A: I've had some issues at the beginning too, but they're mostly easy to fix.
TsConfig equivalent
First, the project setup:
<TypeScriptToolsVersion>1.7.6</TypeScriptToolsVersion>
<TypeScriptModuleKind>system</TypeScriptModuleKind>
<TypeScriptExperimentalDecorators>true</TypeScriptExperimentalDecorators>
<TypeScriptEmitDecoratorMetadata>true</TypeScriptEmitDecoratorMetadata>
<TypeScriptAdditionalFlags> $(TypeScriptAdditionalFlags) --experimentalDecorators </TypeScriptAdditionalFlags>
<TypeScriptAdditionalFlags> $(TypeScriptAdditionalFlags) --emitDecoratorMetadata </TypeScriptAdditionalFlags>

System module is right, but check that it's properly included in your html file. You can also pick it in your project options window.
Depending on your VS version, you need to specify the flags in additional flags (older versions) or in the dedicated tags. You still need to check sourcemaps and es target version in your project options (es5 is EcmaScript 5 in EcmaScript version, obviously).
Don't forget to install the latest TypeScript version, otherwise RxJs won't work.
Angular2 files
While downloading angular2 via npm makes sense, I wouldn't include node_modules directly in your typescript folder. Including the whole folder means taking every other node module along, like gulp for instance. Instead, you can simply copy the whole angular2 folder in your typescript directory, in the Content folder (you can do this automatically with gulp or a simple bat file if you want).
About the typescript errors, the issue is that Visual Studio will try to analyze all files in your angular2 folders, and some of those files are duplicated. You need to remove the sources and keep only the compiled js files and the type definitions. That means:

*

*remove /es6 (they're the files used to develop in es6 instead of typescript)

*remove /ts (the source files)

*remove bundles/typings (additionnal defintion files for es6-shim and jasmine)

You need the rxjs folder at the same folder level as angular2, otherwise the includes won't work, ie :
Content
    typings
        angular2
        rxjs
        mymodule
           whatever.ts
        boot.ts

In your html files, you can link the js files in the bundle folders of both angular2 and rxjs.

Then your imports will look like this :
import { Component } from 'angular2/core';

System configuration
To make the imports work, you need to configure System. The configuration is fairly simple :
        System.paths = {
            'boot': '/content/typings/boot.js',
            'mymodule/*': '/content/typings/myModule/*.js'
        };
        System.config({
            meta: {
                'traceur': {
                    format: 'global'
                },
                'rx': {
                    format: 'cjs'
                }
            }
        });
        System.import('boot');

Include this code after the script tags for angular and all your other librairies.
Since Angular2 is included globally (via the script tags), you don't need to add it to the System configuration. Then in your files, you can import your modules this way :
import { MyThing } from "mymodule/whatever";

A: If you're up and running with npm install fetching your dependencies into node_modules, here's how to use them there in-place without having to move them into a /lib or /scripts directory, or change the way you write your typescript files from the way shown in the Quickstart:
Project Properties -> TypeScript Build
For "Module System", Select "System":

Set TypeScript compiler options
If using ASP.NET Core, set options in tsconfig.json:
{
    "compilerOptions": {
    "target": "es5",
    "module": "system",
    "moduleResolution": "node",
    "emitDecoratorMetadata": true,
    "experimentalDecorators": true
 },
 "exclude": [
    "node_modules"
 ]
}

If you are using ASP.NET (Non-Core), set the compiler options in the csproj file. (Docs for setting compiler options: https://github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript/wiki/Setting-Compiler-Options-in-MSBuild-projects) In a text editor find the PropertyGroup with the other TypeScript options and add in:
<TypeScriptExperimentalDecorators>True</TypeScriptExperimentalDecorators>
<TypeScriptEmitDecoratorMetadata>True</TypeScriptEmitDecoratorMetadata>
<TypeScriptModuleResolution>node</TypeScriptModuleResolution>

Load Source files in the correct order
In your index.html, set up your scripts in this specific order to ensure that modules are loaded from the node_modules folder (you have to load rxjs and angular2 bundles after doing System.config otherwise the system loader will download the angular/rxjs source files again since it didn't register them with the right path)

App TypeScript can use the standard import syntax, here's app/main.ts:
import {bootstrap}    from 'angular2/platform/browser'
import {AppComponent} from './app.component'
bootstrap(AppComponent);

Note the angular2 "import" doesn't need to have '../node_modules/' prepended because the TypeScript compiler's module resolution is using "node" mode. (docs on node module resolution logic: https://github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript/issues/2338)  Hope that works for you!

A: I am generally happy with new things with asp.net 5 vnext and Angular 2.  But rigging up Angular 2 in Visual Studio has been a hassle.  I followed the angular.io quickstart guide religiously and had no luck getting a the Hello Angular 2 app running, until I used the following code:

I wish I had a better understanding of why this works, and the angular boilerplate doesn't.  But at least I got it working.  Hope this helps.

A: I have exactly the same problems (working project alpha 48, same errors with beta 0 and so on). My working files (MVC project):
App/boot.ts
/// <reference path="../node_modules/angular2/manual_typings/globals-es6.d.ts" />
/// <reference path="../node_modules/angular2/typings/es6-shim/es6-shim.d.ts" />
import {bootstrap}    from '../node_modules/angular2/platform/browser'
import {AppComponent} from './app.component'
bootstrap(AppComponent);

App/app.component.ts
import {Component} from '../node_modules/angular2/core'
@Component({
    selector: 'my-app',
    template: '
My First Angular 2 App
'
})
export class AppComponent {}

Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml

...

<base href="/">
@Scripts.Render("~/bundles/modernizr")
...

Views/Home/Index.cshtml
<my-app>Loading...</my-app>

It worked for me after I added 'paths' in System.config.

A: Make sure you are in Visual Studio 2015 Update 1, Typescript 1.7.*
And also you can run 'Angular 2: 5 min Quickstart'.
The problem you have as VS2015 "external web tools" has too old version
After VS 2015 created asp.net5 Web Application, click show all file then delete package.json and node_modules folder and add package.json again.
If above does not work see this: http://jameschambers.com/2015/09/upgrading-npm-in-visual-studio-2015/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


I gifted this product to my sister who was moving to new house. She really loved it as it has made her household activties a much easier.
I am happy with the purchase since I have used it for my kitchen ease.


The Ten Commandments were chiseled into stone tablets, but your rental rates should not be. Many well-intentioned owners and managers are leaving a great deal of revenue on the table as a result of rental rates that appear to be "chiseled in stone." This causes distress to the overall self-storage market.
Self-storage is a supply-and-demand business. In many markets, occupancies are higher than they have been in years, and many operators are doing a great job of managing that demand by maximizing their rates and balancing their inventory. Others, however, are reluctant to increase rates, despite running at or near 100 percent occupancy. A recent study of several markets across the country showed that despite high demand, rates are still lagging behind at many sites.
In today's competitive environment, even incremental increases in revenue through effective rate management can have a dramatic effect on your facility value. For every dollar of rate increase, you improve your facility value by at least $120 ($1 multiplied by 12 months at a 10 percent cap rate). Given the ebb and flow of business cycles, we all need to maximize revenue when we can. Following are some things to think about when it comes to rental-rate management.
Do you manage your rates based on the competition? When you consider the development of a new site or your site is in lease-up, your competitors' rates are important. You have to know what the market can bear, especially when you're in a race to fill your site. Once your facility is stabilized, however, its rates should be minimally impacted by competitors.
Site A, with a 96 percent occupancy, rents 10-by-10s for $125 and 10-by-20s for $199. It only has one or two of each size available.
Site B, which is only a quarter-mile from site A, rents 10-by-10s for $80 and 10-by-20s for $110. It is 100 percent occupied.
We couldn't rent a unit at Site B for any price, yet the facility still lists its rates 80 percent below the closest competitor. Rates should be managed per unit size, not site occupancy. You never want to be in a position where you don't have a unit to rent to a new tenant.
Take a page from the motel-management handbook: If you only have one or two of a popular size unit to rent, increase your rate. If your 10-by-10 drive-up units are full but you have vacancies in your 10-by-10 climate-controlled units, raise the rate on your driveups instead of lowering the rate on the others. It's simple: If you are 95 percent or more occupied on a particular size, your rate is too low.
Finally, flexibility is key. Don't print your prices on your business cards or anywhere else. Once you're committed to the rates, it's difficult to change them "on the fly" as supply and demand changes.
Do you review your rental rates at least once per month? Do you have an evaluation system in place? People generally consider "micromanage" to be a dirty word, but when it comes to rates, micromanagement is a necessity. Across all markets, the self-storage operators with established revenue-management processes have higher rates and revenue than those without them.
Develop a system for managing rates or seek outside help. After many years of using a manual, twice-per-year system, one of the larger self-storage operators now has an automatic system that reviews rates twice a month. As a result, its rates and revenues are significantly higher. There are even software programs that offer revenue-management assistance. Work with your consultant to determine which product will work best for your situation.
An effective revenue-management process also includes regular, systematic rate increases for existing tenants. When (not if) you decide to increase rates depends on various factors, but you should introduce at least modest increases annually. Your timing and the amount of the increase, as well as its success, will depend on current occupancy levels, street-rate increases, market factors and the ability of your manager to deal well with customers.
Believe it or not, there are still self-storage operators offering move-in discounts on every unit size, despite occupancy levels. Why would you offer 50 percent off the first month's rent on your last available 10-by-10, or offer to match a lower rate on your only vacant 10-by-20? Move-in incentives should only be used during lease-up or to help fill a high-vacancy unit size.
Your ability to "sell" storage greatly influences your confidence to increase rents. Owners' reluctance to raise rates is often related to fear of upsetting customers or a resignation that their managers cannot sell the higher rates and it's easier to leave things alone. Ensuring managers are well-trained to sell units—instead of hoping they can rent them—is a small investment to make to create greater facility value. An effective sales presentation can overcome rate-related anxiety.
So while it may have been necessary that the Ten Commandments were chiseled into stone, you will be better served to have your rates written in pencil and keep a large eraser close at hand.
RK Kliebenstein is the president of Coast-To-Coast Storage. He can be reached at 561.638.1851 or via e-mail at rk@askrk.com.


The internet has changed how people make purchase decisions. The availability of data (like online reviews) and search algorithms that seem to predict the exact thing you were looking for with only a few keystrokes (you know, right before you delete your search history so your kids can't see that you were researching boarding schools) can shorten the time between the decision-to-purchase and the actual purchase. Of course, same goes for decisions people make about where to invest in making the world a better place. Interested in advancing adult literacy? You can have information on a number of reading programs on your computer screen in mere seconds. Want to know who has been helped by those organizations? YouTube will likely bubble up some compelling testimonials.
But remember back in the old days? You know, like the 90s? When marketing was made out of paper and handshakes? Have we changed so much since then that the old way of marketing no longer works at all? Should we completely shun the old for the new?
As much as we hear that newspapers are dead and that people are increasingly engaging with organizations online, there are some "traditional" marketing approaches that have been on the receiving end of a little nip and tuck, but still work. Particularly when looking at activities where someone first gets to know your organization—way before they decide to engage with you—there's still opportunity to kick it old school…with a little twist of channel integration.
Sponsored events (with a dedicated Twitter hashtag, e.g. "#givingtuesday" ), press interviews (now most likely to be read online and hyperlinked to your website) and speaking engagements (which, if recorded, may generate significant interest on YouTube) are great examples of traditional channels that have gotten a makeover, courtesy of emerging digital channels, and come out looking even better than before.
So as you evaluate your investment in traditional marketing activities, consider the possibility that what's old is new again with the additional reach that comes from technology.


When selecting furniture for your front or back patio, you have several options to select from. Two of the most used options for various climates include wicker garden furniture and cast aluminum furniture. Not only would be the aesthetic properties of these two options different, but also the level of durability and potential resale value just as one investment. A particularly fine instance of handmade wicker furniture may retain its value and even increase in value, while a lesser grade of wicker furniture or perhaps a set of cast aluminum furniture may well not appreciate in value, or it might appreciate to a lesser degree. If this is a factor that is certainly more likely to influence your decision, a furniture expert or retail consultant who deals inside selling and buying of Upholstered Storage Bench could possibly help you.
Wicker furniture is the result of particular form of manufacturing process, interwoven frequently in the vine of the rattan plant. The strong interlocking patterns of rattan could be painted over or covered with a gloss, passing it on a nice shine. Wicker patio furniture can withstand cold and heat, dryness, dampness and humidity, this also type of furniture has been known to last well over 15 years. Wicker patio and garden furniture gets its strength and durability through the strong, interlocking woven pattern that creates a good web of support, and its particular natural look helps it blend in with natural surroundings, for example people who might be found outdoors. Wicker also makes a decorative statement for all those trying to find poolside furniture and other seating accommodations for entertaining guests through the summer season.
Upholstered Storage Bench is durable and does not rust, and it can suit many different aesthetic tastes with regards to shape and cushion design. Various cushions and backings might be made that match the culture and climate where they'll be used and enjoyed. Cast aluminum can last for countless years, being made from a mold right into a hollow shape which takes the type of anything the manufacturer requires for his customers. Lightweight and straightforward to handle, cast aluminum will easily stack and may be transported derived from one of location to another with hardly any hassle.
There are clear advantages to both wicker furniture and cast aluminum. The choice largely is dependant on the style and feel in the furniture, the purchase price range, and also the individual tastes of the purchaser. Wicker gives a very natural look that some may regard as rustic or tropical, while cast aluminum probably affords an individual the most versatility. Cushions might be changed to complement the seasons or different occasions. If you're renting furniture for any wedding or similar event, your choice will be determined by the setting for the reception, and cost might be one factor, both for the rental and setup and also transportation costs. Chairs that are all to easy to stack may be more conducive to some smooth setup ahead of the reception with an easy cleanup afterward. Wicker and cast aluminum fit a variety of purposes for any outdoor deck or patio.


text:
Healing Landscapes
Flowscapes
Animal Spirit Art
Christmas Art Gifts
Interior Design Art
Illustration Gallery
Illustrative Symbolism Behind 'Year of the Dragon' for Sydney Jewish Museum
By: lenikae
Category: IllustrationTagged: illustration
I recently completed the illustrations for 'Year of the Dragon'; a children's book aimed at young readers, telling the story of Holocaust survivor Ilse Charny.
It proved a challenging but beautiful journey as an illustrator, to convey such an emotional story with whimsical illustration. It was the vision of writer Nicky Gluch to apply whimsy and symbolism rather than historically accurate illustration; softening the harshness of the truth for young readers.
Illustrative Symbolism
For my illustrative concept process, Nicky's words (based on Ilse Charny's testimony) and understanding of the emotion behind the main character's experiences were pivotal in bringing about my initial concept visions.
Ilse's and the Toy Boat
The very first illustration was of a girl sitting on flowers, holding a toy boat. She sits on a bed of flowers that symbolise happiness and the comfort currently surrounding her and her life; the boat symbolic of her journey to come. The flowers and flowing bow on her dress become a constant symbol in the book – of joy, or the lack of joy from Ilse's life. In small moments of happiness you will see the presence of flowers, and the bow on her dress is floating and full.
Ilse Peeling Potatoes
There was a part of the story in which Ilse is sad and frustrated to be made to peel potatoes all day, and I immediately saw in my mind a picture of a young girl sitting on top of a large pile of potatoes. For children, emotions are still hard to navigate, so I felt that capturing emotion through exaggerated visuals was of high importance to show how Ilse felt. Maintaining symbolism of the bow and flowers, we see a sunflower crushed beneath the potatoes, and her bow is limp and without life to reflect her feelings and experience.
Alice in Wonderland Inspiration
The story of Alice in Wonderland also played a major inspiration to me; the idea of a little girl, lost in a land that she must learn to navigate and understand. The illustration showing Ilse lost in languages, is a prime example of this idea. Carrying on the bow symbolism, her bow is tangled to symbolise her own tangled emotions.
In Alice in Wonderland, Alice's challenges also lead to strength, discovery, and sometimes even small pockets of joy or adventure. I saw elements of this in Ilse's journey and these pockets of joy became vital for me to capture as part of her emotional survival journey. The idea of finding joy in small moments, adventure in new friendships, and Ilse's excitement in discovery of the arts felt like an important emotional story to convey. In fact, it felt like a powerful life lesson in emotional resilience to all of us. The illustrated dance scene is hence such a meaningful part of the story to me, and I know it also became a favourite of Nicky's.
Dragon Symbolism
It was Nicky who suggested the idea of the Dragon as a symbol of the evil that existed, and as a metaphor or symbol for the soldiers. In my illustrations, I carried this concept on throughout the story as a symbol of Ilse's experiences, but also Ilse's emotions too. I transition from a fire-breathing dragon (German soldiers) to a less fearful dragon, and finally a beautiful Chinese dragon. Author Nicky Gluch had discovered a beautiful tie-in with Ilse being born in the Year of the Dragon, so I represented Ilse's freedom at the end of the book by showing her riding a dragon; free and in control of her destiny.
It was lovely to have the opportunity to present one of my illustrations in colour for the cover. I created a new artwork concept for this piece. The illustration in essence ties the story together by bringing illustrative elements from various parts of the story into one piece. Ilse is shown sitting below a tree, reading; she is essentially reflecting on her own story. Surrounding her, and coming out of the book, are illustrative segments from different illustrations in 'Year of the Dragon' to hint at the story to come.
In the image above you will see the original hand painted illustration, then on the right is the designer's adapted version to create a more vintage feel to further the concept of a historical tale being told.
Illustration Time Lapse
A post shared by LENI KAE 🌏 Artist Illustrator (@lenikae) on Aug 29, 2019 at 6:02pm PDT
Keeping these stories alive to educate the next generation is so important.
Whether you are a parent or teacher at a primary school, I'd strongly suggest sharing stories like this with your children.
Please get in touch with Sydney Jewish Museum for more information.
About Leni Kae
Welcome to the website of Leni Kae – contemporary Australian artist, illustrator and writer based in Sydney. Abstract landscape art, custom artworks, children's book illustration, unique art gifts, custom portrait painting and poetry.
Abstract Landscape Art (29)
Abstract Seascapes (2)
Animal Spirit Art (16)
Art Gift Ideas (3)
Art Gift Shop (6)
Christmas Art (3)
Cool Colours (27)
Featured Art (7)
Flowscapes (3)
Interior Styling (23)
Mothers Day Art Gifts (8)
Sold Artworks (18)
Stretched Canvas (3)
Unique Art Gift Ideas (23)
Warm Colours (18)
Watercolour Landscapes (11)
Works on Paper (26)
Contact Leni Kae


text:
LHC rejects security request for Aurat March
Modified date: March 7, 2022
By Sufyan Khalid
Earlier on Monday, the Lahore High Court (LHC) dismissed a plea against the local administration for refusing to provide protection for participants in the Aurat March, which is set to take place on March 8.
The appeal of social activist Nighat Saeed and others was taken up by Justice Shahid Waheed, who observed that no one is preventing women from participating in the Aurat March, and therefore the case is not maintainable.
the administration was not participating in the planning for the Aurat March on March 8 and refused to provide security, instead directing the organizers to make their own arrangements for protection, according to the petitioner
Against a letter from the Deputy Commissioner and Superintendent Police (SP) Civil Lines ordering them to make security arrangements on their own, the petitioners have filed a case in the court of law.
Read Also: ECC approved Rs5 per unit drop in electricity tariff
Organizers of the 'Aurat March', as it has come to be known since its first incarnation in 2018, were members of the feminist group Hum Aurtain. It has a manifesto that calls for fundamental rights for women in every field of endeavor.
This year's rally will take place on March 8, which is the same day as International Women's Day, which has been the designated day for the last three years.
Aurat March
Aurat March security


We've been waiting with growing eagerness to share some fantastic news with you, but being a superstitious bunch, we didn't want to jinx it until we knew for sure. Miah has been out on trial, pending adoption, for the past month with a wonderful horsewoman named Heather who's been looking for another trail horse to add to her herd. Now when Heather says she's looking for a trail horse, she means long distance, creek fording, packing, camping, serious Trail Riding!!! So Miah needed to demonstrate during her trial that she was the sort of horse who would enjoy the wilderness and the adventure of real mountain‐type trail riding. We are absolutely thrilled that Miah proved herself up to the challenge, and her adoption is final!!!!
We went riding this weekend a little farther out and longer than what we have been doing. We also changed the route. I put Miah in the lead for all the new trails, I even asked her to take the lead down a single track trail that is through brush and a real tight fit, the kicker is in the middle of the trail there is a creek which at this time of year is about stirrup deep, she went through with only a slight hesitation. The other two horses with us are not water lovers either but since she went through, they went through without a fuss. The poor dog dang near froze since he had to practically swim across!
Miah now has all the required trail tack attached (breast collar, crupper, and flank cinch) the only thing left to add is saddle bags and water canteens. If I get home in time this afternoon I may task her to go out by herself, I think she is ready to try that…if it doesn't happen today it will happen this holiday weekend.
My niece, Lindsay, has been helping me with the horses and with Miah's care. I let her ride Miah Sunday and she told me "we have a problem…I am falling in love with Miah" the end result…Miah has a potential owner if anything happens to me and I can no longer ride. You could call Lindsay my heir since I have no children, she is a very detailed (almost nit‐noid) responsible horse owner as well as a qualified barefoot trimmer.
We have been through a lot with Miah, so seeing her end up in such a great place is a cause for celebration. We want to thank three people who were key to Miah's transformation from a wild little mare to the horse she is today. Andrea Lucianna, who re‐started Miah under saddle, taught her to be safely ridden, and to everyone's surprise, Miah proved to be a quick learner and did very well in training. We were all blown away when we saw the first videos of Miah under saddle, because this tiny mare had a gigantic trot! Miah graduated from training and returned to SAFE Harbor, where Brittney Stewart took over the reins. Brittney and Miah worked hard together, and Brittany quickly found herself admiring Miah's spirit and bravery, and laughing at her tendency to snort at anything she found troubling. Brittney later handed the responsibility of riding Miah to volunteer rider, Casey A, and the two of them became a lovely team, competing in dressage at the SAFE Benefit Show in August. We are so grateful to Andrea and Brittney and Casey for helping Miah along and getting her to a point where she could be so successful in a new home. She's a lucky girl, and we can't wait for more updates about her adventures with Heather!
news! So enjoy learning about brave Miah! Wishes to Heather & Miah for a Happy New Year & many happy trails!!


text:
Posted onJan 19, 2018
Vardy Scores 50th Premier League Goal
The Leicester City striker brought up his half-century against Manchester United and wants to kick n to help secure his place at the World Cup this summer.
The 50th came in a thrilling 2-2 draw against Manchester United, when he slotted past David De Gea in the first half at the King Power Stadium before wheeling away in a manic celebration in front of the home fans.
"I don't even know what my celebration was to be honest with you," said Vardy. "I was just screaming at everyone.
"I am delighted, it probably should have come a lot sooner but I saved it for one of the big teams. You can see every goal means just as much as my first. Hopefully, it will continue."
Of Vardy's 50 top-flight goals, a whopping 21 of them have come against the Premier League 'Big Six' of United, Man City, Arsenal, Chelsea, Tottenham and Liverpool.
Vardy's first goal in the competition also came against United, in the 5-3 comeback in 2014, while he also set a new Premier League record by scoring in 11 consecutive games with his goal against the Red Devils.
"I am nearly 31, who knows," said Vardy, when asked if he could reach 100 Premier League goals. "I will take each game as it comes. I hope the goals start flowing and it could happen, why not.
"I am going to try and score as many as possible, it (50 goals) has happened and it is now time to kick on and hope a lot more come.
"It is a strange one," added Vardy. "I don't know if it is because I have come into the game a lot later. I am lucky enough that I am only waking up sore the morning after and after that I am back at it training. Hopefully, long may that continue."


text:
TMF Associates blog
Satellites, spectrum and other stuff
Reality and hype in satellite constellations…
Posted in Broadband, Echostar, SpaceX, Spectrum, ViaSat, VSAT at 4:47 pm by timfarrar
I was surprised to see last month that generally well informed observers like Om Malik were taking seriously (and even describing as "astute") a blog post by Casey Handmer that suggests Starlink is a "very big deal" that will "catalyze enormous positive change, bringing, for the first time, billions of humans into our future global cybernetic collective."
In order to justify that level of hype, Handmer claims that each satellite will cost $100K (which could "fall to $20k by the thousandth unit off the line") and generate $30M in revenue during its five year lifetime, delivering "the ocean of gold needed to philanthropically build a self-sustaining city on Mars". The first half of this claim is excessively optimistic unless the capabilities of the satellite are dramatically scaled down, which is already known to be the case.
For example, Starlink has abandoned crosslinks, at least for now, and would require a fundamental change in design and deployment in order to accommodate them: placing fragile movable RF antennas (let alone laser payloads which was the original plan) on the corners of the satellites would mean changing the current stacking and non-propulsive deployment mechanism and potentially implicate other characteristics like the stabilization of the satellite bus, due to the need for extreme pointing accuracy (especially for laser crosslinks). And the cost of a single phased array antenna on the ground can exceed Handmer's supposed $100K cost for the entire satellite, which may be another explanation for why the current satellites are apparently operating in a fixed beam configuration.
But my primary focus is on the second half of the claim with regard to revenue, which is far easier to validate against terrestrial broadband benchmarks. In order to get to his $30M per satellite figure, Handmer assumes that a satellite will generate 100 beams capable of supporting 100Mbytes per second (800Mbps), i.e. a peak capacity of 80Gbps per second, with a loading factor of 100 seconds per 90 minute orbit (i.e. 1.85%) in order to carry 1000 GBytes of data per orbit. This peak capacity is significantly in excess of the figures in SpaceX's own November 2016 FCC filing (which states an average aggregate downlink capacity of 20Gbps), and that filing doesn't account for any reduction in capacity resulting from SpaceX being required to share spectrum with other satellite systems such as OneWeb.
However, Handmer's assumed loading factor could be slightly on the low side (thought certainly not "ludicrously low" as he alleges), if Starlink was able to provide services all around the world. For example, Iridium's (never filled) capacity for its first generation of satellites was just under 4% of the nominal peak capacity per satellite (1100 calls per satellite x 66 satellites = 38.2 billion minutes, but the system only had 1.5 billion minutes of saleable capacity per year).
On the other hand, SpaceX is planning to ignore the ITU spectrum priority rules (claiming merely that Starlink needs to initiate rather than complete coordination with other systens), which give OneWeb priority access to the NGSO spectrum and may block Starlink from gaining market access in many countries. And the low altitude of Starlink's satellites, combined with the lack of crosslinks, means that providing services to ships and planes crossing the oceans and poles is not a feasible objective in the foreseeable future.
Combining these two factors, it appears that Handmer's 1000Gbytes of saleable capacity per orbit will in reality be more like 250-500Gbytes per orbit (i.e. 2-4 times less), based on a peak capacity of up to 20Gbps (downlink plus uplink) and a loading factor per orbit of 2%-4%.
But the more important assumption is that this capacity will be sold at "a subscriber cost of $1/GB". That figure is ludicrously overstated compared to the cost of broadband today. For example the average usage of Altice customers was 220Gbytes per month back in Q2 2018, while Charter's median broadband usage in Q1 2019 was 200Gbytes with cord cutters averaging 400Gbytes per month. If we take a typical retail ARPU of around $60 then the retail price is $0.15-$0.30 per Gbyte and with consumer Internet data usage projected to increase by 160% between 2018 and 2022 (according to Cisco) the retail price of data on existing fixed broadband connections will soon be below $0.10 per Gbyte. So Handmer has overestimated the retail revenue potential per satellite for Starlink by at least 20-40 times.
Another, even more critical consideration is that the underlying cost of data delivery over fixed networks is much, much lower than the retail price. Back in 2016, Dave Burstein noted that it cost ISPs less than 1 cent per Gbyte to deliver internet traffic, and that figure is undoubtedly lower today. That's the more appropriate basis for comparison with the cost of delivery for Starlink (unlike Handmer's ridiculous comparison with an obselete 14 year old submarine cable, when most domestic internet traffic doesn't even need to go outside the US), which (using our 250-500Gbytes per orbit figure above) would have a satellite capex cost alone of 0.7-1.3 cents per Gbyte over 5 years.
Then you need to add the cost of the ground segment and backhaul (certainly at least as high as the satellite capex), and most importantly, the cost of the user equipment, which will be much higher than the (less than $100) cost of a terrestrial cable modem and will far outweigh the cost of the satellites themselves. As CNN notes, "ground equipment may pose one of the biggest obstacles to success" and was probably the main reason why previous efforts like Teledesic folded.
Viasat spends $700 to acquire each satellite broadband customer of which roughly $300 is the end user equipment and installation adds another $150. But those are fixed dishes which do not need to track the satellites as they move across the sky. A Starlink terminal could easily cost $1000 or more, even with various compromises to reduce cost (such as narrowing the scan angle, though that will require a very large number of satellites, potentially several thousand, to be in orbit), before adding the cost of rooftop installation, let alone customer acquisition. And if each customer consumes say 500 Gbytes per month, then that will mean 250-500 terminals will need to be deployed to consume each satellite's saleable capacity, implying incremental terminal costs of at least $250K-$500K per satellite (at $1000 per terminal).
To sum up, Handmer's assessment that the satellites will generate revenue equal to 300 times their costs is fatally flawed. Even looking purely at retail revenues, then the revenues will be 20-40 times lower than he estimates, while the total system capex costs will be 4.5 to 7 times higher than he estimates (including ground segment costs of $100K per satellite and terminal costs of $250K-$500K per satellite). In the best case (and with unlimited demand!) that means retail revenues will be just over 3 times the capital costs, while in the worst case the retail revenues will only just cover the capital costs, ignoring ongoing operations, service and support.
When looking at the underlying costs of data delivery, it is also clear that Starlink's costs will be meaningfully higher than the cost of terrestrial data delivery in areas with access to broadband, giving terrestrial rivals plenty of room to compete to retain their existing customer base (and ensuring that additional cost sensitive markets like cellular backhaul will remain out of reach).
So my conclusion is that while Starlink may be a "big deal" for the satellite industry (and for astronomers), it certainly isn't a big deal for the terrestrial broadband market. In essence, under any plausible set of cost assumptions, Starlink's bandwidth will cost more than current terrestrial broadband connections, and Starlink's ability to disrupt a retail market where existing providers have existing infrastructure with enormous gross margins will be very limited. That's nothing like Handmer's nonsensical claims that "further launches will be funded entirely by providing better service to high density cities".
Starlink may provide service for customers with no access to terrestrial broadband alternatives, but the satellite broadband market has fewer than 2M subscribers in North America and 1M users in the rest of the world combined, which Viasat, Echostar and others have spent the last decade trying to serve (and at least in North America have essentially saturated the market). So it seems unlikely that Starlink will do much better.
Permalink 3 Comments
Viasat's curious antenna issues
Posted in Broadband, Financials, Operators, Services, ViaSat at 1:54 pm by timfarrar
Last fall, I found Harris's announcement on its 2017Q3 results call that "we received our largest order for a single commercial satellite covering four reflectors, bringing total orders to eight over the past two years" to be particularly odd because the only commercial satellites on order with four unfurlable reflectors are ViaSat-3.
Viasat then effectively confirmed that they had made this order in their 10-Q, which showed that Viasat's total satellite purchase commitments increased from $1037.5M to $1106.6M during the quarter and that the size of Viasat's contract with Boeing had increased by $11.2M in the same quarter (presumably to cover integration of the Harris antennas).
Not only was Viasat's order quite late in the game (some knowledgeable observers assumed that it would have been ordered back in 2016), but it is also just for one satellite, not for both of the ViaSat-3 satellites that are under contract with Boeing. Viasat may well have another purchase option (which it can exclude from its purchase commitments for the time being), but it is still surprising that it took so long to reach an agreement with Harris. And it may suggest that the construction schedule for Boeing's second ViaSat-3 satellite will be longer than originally thought.
Another curious issue was Viasat's decision to use a fake image of ViaSat-2, which Viasat's President Richard Baldridge later admitted "in fact is not the actual ViaSat-2″ satellite, because "we obscured the sensitive parts". It is hard to understand why Harris's antennas are deemed so sensitive by Viasat when Harris themselves were happy to publish a mockup image back in 2016 (which has since been removed from their website) and the size of the antenna can easily be worked out from Viasat's own FCC submissions.
Although I have no evidence to suggest this is actually the case, one possible reason for these two apparent coincidences would be if Viasat had sought to patent some features relating to deployment of the Harris antenna on ViaSat-2 in order to try and prevent rivals from making use of Harris's unfurlable Ka-band antennas (in particular Hughes and SS/L will likely use them for Jupiter-3). That would certainly explain Harris's decision to highlight during the Q3 results call that the commercial reflector business is "a commercial model driven business where we invest our own R&D to develop that offering. We sell it into the marketplace."
Now we have Viasat revealing today that Boeing "has identified an in-orbit antenna issue, which has caused some spot beams to perform differently than they did during ground testing." It seems very likely that the issue is related to the unfurlable 5m Harris antennas, since "Viasat believes the issue will not affect the coverage area of the satellite" and the smaller solid antennas will provide most of the geographic coverage, while the larger unfurlable antennas will provide the high capacity coverage within the continental US.
It also seems somewhat more likely that this is a deployment problem (i.e. an issue primarily for Boeing/Viasat) rather a problem with the antenna itself (i.e. an issue primarily for Harris), since the antenna performed "differently" (and presumably correctly) during ground testing. If this problem relates to a new feature that Viasat or Boeing introduced, then that would clearly be particularly contentious, especially if it was related to any patent issues that might have been in play previously. So now we need to wait and see how the blame game develops and what this means for the future relationship between Harris and Viasat.
Posted in Aeronautical, Broadband, Eutelsat, Inmarsat, Operators, Services, SES, Spectrum, ViaSat at 12:54 am by timfarrar
This week in Paris all seemed calm, after the turbulence of the last few years, with the only major announcement coming from SES with its new O3b mPower MEO constellation. But under the surface a lot is happening, and (perhaps appropriately) I think we are now just in the eye of the hurricane, and the storm will shortly ramp up once again, before we find out who and what will be left standing in a couple of years time.
SES's announcement came several months after it selected Boeing to build the O3b NEXT constellation (the "development agreement" was announced in July as part of SES's half year results) and the delay until now appears to have been due to SES waiting for an anchor tenant that never materialized. In fact I believe SES originally expected to announce the contract in May, as was hinted at when SES's CEO said he was "too busy" to go to Satellite 2017). However, SES is clearly not willing to see OneWeb, ViaSat and Inmarsat take the lead in new data-oriented satellite systems, whether or not it secures a major anchor tenant for this system.
Another subject of much debate is what Panasonic will decide to do now its original plan to invest in dedicated XTS satellites appears to be dead. Panasonic wants to lay off much more of the risk on a satellite operator, rather than underwriting the satellite costs in full, as Thales did with SES-17. Will an FSS operator be prepared to take this risk, bearing in mind that Intelsat is short of money, SES is now building O3b NEXT (which won't be well suited for high latitude aero operations) and Eutelsat is intending to partner with ViaSat? Or would Panasonic do something more radical and let a rival like Inmarsat take over provision of connectivity services?
Finally, Inmarsat seems to be under a lot of pressure after a 15% decline in its share price in the last two weeks, and some were speculating that recent personnel changes were connected to this uncertain outlook. Profitability of aero contracts (notably that with Lufthansa) remains a major concern, and issues remain to be resolved for the EAN air-to-ground network, especially if Inmarsat is forced to provide a more robust satellite link in the wake of ViaSat's legal challenge.
All of these issues provide much food for thought, and could lead to significant realignments in the industry over the next year. Decisions affecting the inflight connectivity market are almost certain to occur, because Panasonic can't wait too long to provide clarity on its future positioning, and so we had better batten down the hatches for the coming winds of change.
Will ViaSat's Air Force One contract get trumped?
Posted in Aeronautical, Inmarsat, Operators, Services, ViaSat, VSAT at 12:51 pm by timfarrar
Back in June 2016 there was considerably excitement around ViaSat's sole source $73M contract to provide connectivity for Air Force One and other senior leadership aircraft. The plan was to replace Boeing's Ku-band BBSN (which has continued to operate ever since the commercial Connnexion-by-Boeing project was cancelled in 2006) with a dual Ka/Ku-band solution which could utilize the ViaSat Ka-band satellites within their coverage footprint and then switch back to Ku-band in other parts of the world.
I'm told that one reason this upgrade happened was that President Obama's daughters complained that the connectivity on Air Force One compared unfavorably to the speeds available on other ViaSat-equipped aircraft they had flown on, and ViaSat ultimately received a sole source contract, with the US government purchasing a couple of dozen of ViaSat's dual Ku/Ka antennas in addition to the airtime contract.
But I've heard rumors that the RF performance of this Ku/Ka antenna failed the WGS compatibility tests required by the Air Force, and so to date the US government has not installed these new terminals, and Air Force One is apparently still operating with the old Boeing system. Its unclear what the end result will be, or if this is an easily solvable problem, but ViaSat's competitors (especially Inmarsat, which has successfully leased GX capacity to the DoD for manned surveillance missions in the Middle East) are now rubbing their hands with glee.
[UPDATE 5/15] A spokesperson for ViaSat states that this rumor "is inaccurate. ViaSat is on target with our testing and deliverables, per our DISA contract."
The broader prospects for ViaSat's Ku/Ka antenna also appear uncertain, with the only commercial customer to date being Virgin America, which is using a handful of terminals on its Hawaii routes. Virgin America's new owner, Alaska Airlines, has announced its intention to replace its existing Gogo ATG solution with a high speed satellite solution, but some now think that Gogo's recent lease of the AMC-4 satellite for Pacific coverage means it will win this business with 2Ku.
Its interesting to note that Gilat has also developed a Ku/Ka antenna, which Hughes will offer for roaming outside its own Ka-band coverage footprint. Will this antenna be better than ViaSat's solution, and more broadly will a combined Ku and Ka antenna (which inevitably has a smaller aperture and more beam skew problems) be a realistic alternative to high performance flat panels like Gogo's 2Ku? The answer to that question will dictate whether ViaSat and Hughes can provide competition in the long haul passenger aircraft market over the next few years, or whether Panasonic, Gogo and Inmarsat will continue to dominate that segment until all three ViaSat-3 satellites are launched in the early 2020s, by which time most airlines will already have made their choice of provider.
Cold feet?
Posted in Aeronautical, Broadband, Echostar, Eutelsat, Operators, Services, SES, ViaSat at 10:47 am by timfarrar
As we get closer to Satellite 2017, where major new deals and partnerships are often announced, it looks like a number of players may be getting cold feet about their future satellite plans. This may be partly attributable to fears that OneWeb will contribute to a eventual glut of capacity, now it has secured SoftBank as a lead investor and raised another $1.2B. Even though capacity pricing may have stabilized somewhat for now, its certainly the case that a satellite ordered now is likely to enter the market at a point when pricing is set to decline much further.
We've already seen a delay in Panasonic's XTS satellite order, which was supposed to happen before the end of 2016. Ironically enough, Leo Mondale of Inmarsat said at the Capital Markets Day last October that he believed "Panasonic in Yokohama are a little wary of getting into the satellite business" and in the wake of the recent FCPA probe, Panasonic Avionics now has a new Japanese CEO.
Moreover, one way of viewing the recent announcement that Eutelsat will take its ViaSat JV forward (and include aero mobility, which was not part of the original agreement) is that Eutelsat no longer believes it will strike a deal to operate Panasonic's XTS satellites. That's a much better explanation than bizarre speculation that ViaSat is going to buy Eutelsat, especially when ViaSat is still struggling to fund its third satellite for Asia and is openly hinting that it will need US government contracts to close the business case. Eutelsat also seems to be cutting back elsewhere, with some speculation that the Ka-band broadband satellite previously ordered for Africa may now be repurposed for other (non-broadband) applications.
But the biggest news appears to be a pull back on SES's part from the long rumored global Ka-band GEO system that I noted last summer. SES announced only a single satellite (SES-17) for the Americas in partnership with Thales last September, but had plans for two additional satellites, and it seemed increasingly likely that a partnership with EchoStar would be announced soon to fund this development. Now it seems that effort is on hold, leaving EchoStar without an obvious way forward to achieving global coverage (as it seems EchoStar considered but rejected the idea of buying Inmarsat last fall).
There are also other more speculative projects that need to show some progress to remain credible. When it was disclosed by the WSJ last month, SpaceX's business plan for its satellite internet service was widely dismissed as laughably unrealistic. However, I believe that in fact this is not the business plan that corresponds to the current system design, and instead SpaceX will be seeking a large amount of US government money to fund its constellation. Compared to SpaceX and OneWeb, Telesat's constellation ambitions have largely been ignored by commentators, despite Telesat's priority claim to the Ka-band NGSO spectrum band. So Telesat therefore also faces pressure to secure external investors in the near term so that it can keep pace with OneWeb.
Now the question is whether caution amongst major existing players will make it harder for new entrants to move forward. Will it signal to investors that they should be cautious about investing in any satellite businesses? Or will it be perceived that new opportunities will face less competition from existing operators? The NewSpace community certainly seems to still be living in a bubble, despite the deeply negative implications of Google's decision to abandon its efforts in satellite and hand over Terra Bella to Planet (not least because a sale to Google or other internet companies was seen as the most plausible exit for VC investors). So I look forward to seeing how much reality intrudes on the discussions at Satellite 2017.
Posted in Broadband, Echostar, Financials, Inmarsat, Operators, Services, ViaSat at 10:50 am by timfarrar
In late July, EchoStar raised $1.5B in debt, to add to its existing $1.5B in cash and marketable securities. Echostar's lack of obvious need for these additional funds has led to considerable speculation about what the company's intentions are, including the possibility of an Avanti acquisition.
As an aside, Avanti is clearly in serious trouble, having leaked the possibility of an Inmarsat acquisition on Friday, in order to try and drum up more interest in its sale process, only to be rebuffed by Inmarsat today, with Inmarsat stating that "it has withdrawn from Avanti's announced process and it is not considering an offer for the shares of Avanti."
It seems very likely that there is no potential buyer for the company (otherwise the leak would not have been needed) and therefore Avanti will be forced to file for bankruptcy on or around October 1 when its next bond interest payment is due. Inmarsat would clearly be interested in certain Avanti assets, including Ka-band orbital slots for its I6 and I7 satellites and possibly the Hylas-1 satellite for additional European capacity, but these can be picked up in bankruptcy, likely for no more than $100M. And it is hard to imagine other mooted potential buyers, such as Eutelsat and EchoStar being more generous: Eutelsat has made it clear it does not intend to invest more in Ka-band satellites until they reach terabit-class economics, while Charlie Ergen's past adversarial relationship with Solus and Mast (in DBSD, TerreStar and LightSquared) makes him very unlikely to bail out Avanti's investors. At this point, it is therefore probable that there will be no buyer for Hylas-4, forcing Avanti's bondholders to continue to fund its construction, if they want to avoid a NewSat-like situation, where the nearly completed satellite is simply abandoned and handed over to its manufacturer.
Returning to the question of what EchoStar intends to do with its $3B of cash, it seems that a response to ViaSat's global ViaSat-3 ambitions is likely to emerge in the very near future. After all, Hughes announced Jupiter-1 in 2008 in response to ViaSat-1, and then pre-empted ViaSat-2 with its own Jupiter-2 announcement in 2013. EchoStar could do this in one of three ways:
1) EchoStar could build its own global satellite system. This seems like the least plausible option, because there will already be at least three global Ka-band systems (from ViaSat, Inmarsat and SES). However, if EchoStar decides it does not believe the fully global opportunity is large enough, it could decide to just build a North America focused Jupiter-3 satellite (which would likely have a capacity of at least 500Gbps, and would have competitive economics to ViaSat-3).
2) EchoStar could partner with another operator. This is very plausible, especially as SES seems poised to announce its own GEO system soon, and would be keen to offload risk to an anchor tenant. Its even possible that EchoStar could build Jupiter-3 for North America, and partner in a separate global coverage effort with somewhat lower capacity.
3) EchoStar could buy another operator. This would be the most radical option, with Inmarsat the obvious candidate. There are many challenges here, not least that EchoStar might not be able to afford to buy Inmarsat, but the fit would be perfect, enabling EchoStar to leapfrog ViaSat to fully global coverage today, while being able to backfill Inmarsat's limited GX capacity with its own HTS satellites. Moreover, Ergen would clearly attach significant value to Inmarsat's L-band spectrum assets, not least in the leverage he could obtain over Ligado's efforts to become a competing source of terrestrial spectrum to DISH in the US.
There remain other possibilities, but these seem less likely to emerge in the near future. EchoStar could build out a terrestrial network to meet the buildout deadline for DISH's AWS spectrum holdings, and lease it to DISH, but it would be odd to announce that before the incentive auction has finished. EchoStar also changed the disclosure about new business opportunities in its SEC filings earlier this year, noting that:
Our industry is evolving with the increase in worldwide demand for broadband internet access for information, entertainment and commerce. In addition to fiber and wireless systems, other technologies such as geostationary high throughput satellites, low-earth orbit networks, balloons, and High Altitude Platform Systems ("HAPS") will likely play significant roles in enabling global broadband access, networks and services…We may allocate significant resources for long-term initiatives that may not have a short or medium term or any positive impact on our revenue, results of operations, or cash flow.
However, this new language appears to have related to Ergen's discussions about a partnership with Google, which I noted previously, and Google appears to have opted for an alternative path for its wireless broadband buildout, with its recent acquisition of Webpass.
As a result, I think EchoStar is likely to push forward with its satellite broadband efforts in the next month or two, presenting a serious challenge for ViaSat. That means its certainly not the case, as Jefferies wrote in its coverage initiation on ViaSat today, that "ViaSat-2/3 will give [ViaSat] the best bandwidth economics in the world (for now) and a de facto monopoly in residential broadband". Indeed, I'd predict that although ViaSat will undoubtedly grow its satellite broadband business in North America very substantially (by as much as a factor of two) over the next 5 years, its extremely unlikely to pass EchoStar in the total number of subscribers, especially given the lead to market that Jupiter-2 will have over ViaSat-2 during 2017.
Permalink 1 Comment
Posted in Aeronautical, Broadband, Operators, Spectrum, ViaSat, VSAT at 2:28 pm by timfarrar
Its been interesting to hear the feedback on my new ViaSat profile that I published last weekend, especially with regard to ViaSat's supposed technical advantages over the HTS competition. As I noted in the report, ViaSat has apparently been struggling with its beamhopping technology, reducing the capacity of its upcoming ViaSat-2 satellite from an originally planned 350Gbps (i.e. 2.5 times the capacity of ViaSat-1) to around 300Gbps at the moment.
However, even that reduced target may require extra spectrum to achieve, with ViaSat asking the FCC in late May for permission to use 600MHz of additional spectrum in the LMDS band. Fundamentally this appears to be due to the reduced efficiency that ViaSat now expects to achieve relative to that set out in its original beamhopping patent. The patent suggested that for a ViaSat-2 design (with only 1.5GHz of spectrum, rather than the 2.1GHz ViaSat now intends to use), the efficiency could be as high as 3bps/Hz on the forward link (i.e. 225Gbps) and 1.8bps/Hz on the return link (i.e. 135Gbps) for a total of 360Gbps of capacity. But at Satellite 2016, ViaSat's CEO indicated that an efficiency (apparently averaged between the forward and return links) of only 1.5bps/Hz should be expected, no better than existing HTS Ka-band satellites and nearly 40% lower than ViaSat originally estimated.
A notable side-effect of this additional spectrum utilization (even assuming approval is granted by the FCC) is that new terminals will be required, including replacement of both the antenna and the modem for aircraft that want to make use of the extended coverage of ViaSat-2. That's why American Airlines is waiting until the second half of 2017 for this new terminal to be developed, before it starts to install ViaSat's connectivity on new aircraft.
While the FCC's Spectrum Frontiers Order yesterday does contemplate continued use of the LMDS band for satellite gateways (though utilization by user terminals appears more difficult), it looks like other Ka-band providers intend to shift more of their future gateway operations up to the Q/V-band, rather than building hundreds of Ka-band gateways as ViaSat will need for its ViaSat-3 satellite. That decision could reduce the costs of competing ground segment deployments substantially, while retaining continuity for user links. Thus, as a result of the lower than expected beamhopping efficiency, it remains to be seen whether ViaSat's technology will now be meaningfully superior to that of competitors, notably SES and Inmarsat who both appear poised to invest heavily in Ka-band.
SES gave a presentation at the Global Connected Aircraft Summit last month, depicting its plans to build three new Ka-band HTS satellites for global coverage as shown above, and the first of these satellites could be ordered very shortly, because as SES pointed out in its recent Investor Day presentation, it has EUR120M of uncommitted capex this year and nearly EUR1.5B available in the period through 2020.
Meanwhile Inmarsat is hard at work designing a three satellite Inmarsat-7 Ka-band system, with in excess of 100Gbps of capacity per satellite. Although the results of the Brexit referendum may complicate its efforts, Inmarsat is hoping to secure a substantial European Commission investment later this year, which would replace the four proposed Ka-band satellites that Eutelsat had previously contemplated building using Juncker fund money.
So now it appears we face (at least) a three way fight for the global Ka-band market, with deep-pocketed rivals sensing that ViaSat may not have all the technological advantages it had expected and Hughes poised to secure at least a 6 month (and possibly as much as a 9-12 month) lead to market for Jupiter-2 compared to ViaSat-2. Victory for ViaSat is far from certain, and perhaps even doubtful, but beyond 2020 Ka-band therefore appears very likely to be the dominant source of GEO HTS capacity.
About TMF Associates
ICO/DBSD
Orbcomm
TerreStar
Design by Beccary · Sponsored by Weblogs.us · XHTML · CSS


text:
Cooking Stuffed cabbage (wl)
Hungarian — belonging to or relating to Hungary,
people, or its language
Stuffed cabbage — dish that consists of different fillings wrapped in cabbage leaves
Sauerkraut — that is preserved in salt water and then cooked
Scald — to plunge ( tomatoes, peaches, etc) into boiling water briefly in order to skin them more easily
Mince — to cut food, especially meat, into very small pieces using a special machine (called a mincer)
Pork — meat from a pig that has not been cured (= preserved using salt or smoke)
Clove — one of the small separate sections of a bulb (= the round underground part) of garlic
Caraway — the dried seeds of a plant of the parsley family, used in cooking
Bay leaf — the dried leaf of the bay tree that is used in cooking as a herb
Definition of sauerkraut from the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary [
https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/sauerkraut?q=Sauerkraut
Definition of pork from the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary [
https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/pork?q=Pork
Definition of clove from the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary [
https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/clove_1?q=Clove
Definition of caraway from the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary [
https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/caraway?q=Caraway
Definition of scald from the Collins English Dictionary
https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/scald
] © HarperCollins Publishers
Definition of hungarian from the Cambridge English Dictionary [
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/hungarian?q=Hungarian
] © Cambridge University Press
Definition of mince from the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary [
https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/mince_1?q=mince
Definition of bay leaf from the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary [
https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/bay-leaf?q=bay+leaf
Остальные определения: Зелёная зона (Skyeng Production)


text:
First Latino tapped to head DHS signals shift from Trump's hard-line immigration policies
Alejandro Mayorkas, a Cuban American and former Obama administration official, has the experience to change Trump's "inhuman immigration policies," Sen. Bob Menendez said.
Alejandro Mayorkas applauds on the field before a baseball game between the Washington Nationals and the New York Mets at Nationals Park on May 24, 2016, in Washington.Alex Brandon / AP file
Nov. 23, 2020, 10:41 PM UTC
By Suzanne Gamboa
Alejandro Mayorkas, the first Latino chosen for President-elect Joe Biden's Cabinet, will head a Department of Homeland Security that is expected to drastically overhaul President Donald Trump's hard-line immigration policies, as well as put Mayorkas at the forefront of the new administration's anti-terrorism strategy.
Mayorkas will be the first Latino and first immigrant to head the Department of Homeland Security, if confirmed by the Senate. The highest-ranking Cuban American in the Obama administration, Mayorkas was deputy secretary of DHS under then-Secretary Jeh Johnson, and before that was the director of Citizenship and Immigration Services, a part of DHS that oversees granting citizenship and other immigration benefits.
Mayorkas, if confirmed, will take over the nation's third-largest agency in terms of employees, one that was created after the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks and that oversees several smaller agencies such as Customs and Border Protection, Transportation Security, the Coast Guard and the Secret Service.
President-elect Biden names Alejandro Mayorkas for Homeland Security Chief
The Trump administration has drastically transformed the nation's immigration system with over 400 executive actions — including refusing entry to asylum-seekers, taking children from parents at the border and restricting travel to the U.S. by Muslims.
There will be pressure on the Biden administration to act quickly on immigration and uphold pledges he made on the campaign trail, such as ending travel bans and protecting young immigrants, known as Dreamers, and to take such actions in the first 100 days of his administration.
Much of Trump's immigration policy was the work of his adviser Stephen Miller, who cited and promoted white nationalist beliefs in emails leaked to the Southern Poverty Law Center last year.
PoliticsBiden's key immigration policies face uphill battle
Trump's first two Homeland Security secretaries were John Kelly and Kirstjen Nielsen. Kelly became Trump's chief of staff and Nielsen took his place. They both resigned after tumultuous tenures, including, under Nielsen, the controversial policy of family separations.
This summer, the General Accounting Office found that Chad Wolf, acting secretary of DHS, was not legally qualified to hold his job.
Mayorkas: U.S. gave him 'a place of refuge'
Mayorkas, who turns 61 Tuesday, was born in Havana, but his family fled when he was an infant. His father was born in Cuba with Sephardic roots, and his mother is a Romanian Jew who fled the Holocaust, according to a report by The Jerusalem Post. He has said that his family's background has long shaped his identity.
"When I was very young, the United States provided my family and me a place of refuge," Mayorkas said in a tweet on Monday. "Now I have been nominated to be the DHS Secretary and oversee the protection of all Americans and those who flee persecution in search of a better life for themselves and their loved ones.
When I was very young, the United States provided my family and me a place of refuge. Now, I have been nominated to be the DHS Secretary and oversee the protection of all Americans and those who flee persecution in search of a better life for themselves and their loved ones.
— Alejandro Mayorkas (@AliMayorkas) November 23, 2020
Sen. Bob Menendez, D-N.J., who is also Cuban American, called Mayorkas a "smart and natural pick" to lead DHS.
"He has the subject matter experience to take on the enormous job of cleaning up after the disastrous and inhuman immigration policies that have torn lives and families apart under the Trump administration," Menendez said in a statement.
Al Cardenas, former chairman of the Florida GOP and of the American Conservative Union, said in a tweet: "This is it. The change we needed, hallelujah."
Biden's selection of Mayorkas was supported by several immigrant advocacy groups despite record deportations under the Obama administration. Mayorkas became DHS deputy secretary in 2013, after Obama had revised his deportation policy and authorized DACA. Deportations are handled by Immigrations and Customs Enforcement. Mayorkas directed Citizenship and Immigration Services from 2009 to 2013.
Mayorkas was instrumental in shaping DACA, the Obama-era program that allows young immigrants without legal status to remain legally in the country and work and study without fear of deportation. Trump has tried to end the program but has been stopped by the courts.
Some 800,000 young adults are in the program, for which many more are believed qualified.
"Alejandro Mayorkas is someone we worked closely with to implement DACA," said Greisa Martínez Rosas, executive director of United We Dream, a network that advocates for young immigrants.
Martinez Rosas said that she and other immigrant advocates are looking for a DHS secretary who will roll back the abuses that DHS and Customs and Border Protection have had "on undocumented immigrants in the last four years and for decades now."
Mayorkas has been the front runner for DHS mainly because, sources say, the incoming administration wants someone with immigration experience (rather than legal, cyber, intel, management, etc) due to the large amount of work to be done in untangling Trump's immigration legacy.
— Julia E. Ainsley (@JuliaEAinsley) November 23, 2020
Latino groups have been pressing Biden to name Hispanics to several Cabinet positions to reflect the size of the U.S. Latino population. Latinos voted for Biden by a little more than 2-to-1 in the Nov. 3 election.
Some Latino groups had endorsed Mayorkas and included his name on a list of potential Hispanic Cabinet picks given to the Biden transition team. California Attorney General Xavier Becerra also had been proposed.
NewsWho are the Latinos who could be in Biden's Cabinet?
According to a DHS fact sheet on Mayorkas, he played a significant role in developing the national cybersecurity strategies and protections and led negotiation of cybersecurity agreements with Israel and China.
He led Obama's delegation to Cuba when the U.S. restored relations, which were reversed by Trump. He told The Jerusalem Post that he had been honored for his work at DHS in tackling anti-Semitism.
At DHS, he also created an office of customer service and public engagement and elevated the visibility of the fraud section and national security.
While Mayorkas was director of Citizenshp and Immigration Services, immigration benefits application fees went up — but not the citizenship application fees — because "requesting and obtaining U.S. citizenship deserves special consideration," he said at the time.
Mayorkas went through the Senate confirmation process when he was nominated for DHS deputy secretary and also to head Citizenship and Immigration Services. He was confirmed as the DHS' No. 2 official on a 54-41 vote with no Republicans voting for him, including two fellow Cuban Americans, Sens. Marco Rubio of Florida and Ted Cruz of Texas.
At the time he had been under investigation for a visa program that he managed. He was not found to have committed any wrongdoing, but was criticized for the appearance of exerting undue influence to grant certain visas.
Mayorkas also was chastised for calling the Bill Clinton White House to ask for a commutation for convicted drug dealer Carlos Vignali. Mayorkas and other southern California politicians made their pleas on behalf of Vignali's father. Mayorkas admitted the call was a mistake and he should have done better research on Carlos Vignali, Politico reported in 2008.
Mayorkas started his government career as an assistant U.S. attorney in California, later becoming the youngest U.S. attorney in the country.
Follow NBC Latino on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram.
Suzanne Gamboa
Suzanne Gamboa is a national reporter for NBC Latino and NBCNews.com
Julia Ainsley contributed.