text:
package com.microsoft.azure.management.monitor.v2015_04_01.implementation;

import com.microsoft.azure.arm.resources.models.implementation.GroupableResourceCoreImpl;
import com.microsoft.azure.management.monitor.v2015_04_01.AutoscaleSettingResource;
import rx.Observable;
import com.microsoft.azure.management.monitor.v2015_04_01.AutoscaleSettingResourcePatch;
import java.util.List;
import com.microsoft.azure.management.monitor.v2015_04_01.AutoscaleProfile;
import com.microsoft.azure.management.monitor.v2015_04_01.AutoscaleNotification;
import rx.functions.Func1;

class AutoscaleSettingResourceImpl extends GroupableResourceCoreImpl<AutoscaleSettingResource, AutoscaleSettingResourceInner, AutoscaleSettingResourceImpl, MonitorManager> implements AutoscaleSettingResource, AutoscaleSettingResource.Definition, AutoscaleSettingResource.Update {
    private AutoscaleSettingResourcePatch updateParameter;
    AutoscaleSettingResourceImpl(String name, AutoscaleSettingResourceInner inner, MonitorManager manager) {
        super(name, inner, manager);
        this.updateParameter = new AutoscaleSettingResourcePatch();
    }

    @Override
    public Observable<AutoscaleSettingResource> createResourceAsync() {
        AutoscaleSettingsInner client = this.manager().inner().autoscaleSettings();
        return client.createOrUpdateAsync(this.resourceGroupName(), this.name(), this.inner())
            .map(new Func1<AutoscaleSettingResourceInner, AutoscaleSettingResourceInner>() {
               @Override
               public AutoscaleSettingResourceInner call(AutoscaleSettingResourceInner resource) {
                   resetCreateUpdateParameters();
                   return resource;
               }
            })
            .map(innerToFluentMap(this));
    }

    @Override
    public Observable<AutoscaleSettingResource> updateResourceAsync() {
        AutoscaleSettingsInner client = this.manager().inner().autoscaleSettings();
        return client.updateAsync(this.resourceGroupName(), this.name(), this.updateParameter)
            .map(new Func1<AutoscaleSettingResourceInner, AutoscaleSettingResourceInner>() {
               @Override
               public AutoscaleSettingResourceInner call(AutoscaleSettingResourceInner resource) {
                   resetCreateUpdateParameters();
                   return resource;
               }
            })
            .map(innerToFluentMap(this));
    }

    @Override
    protected Observable<AutoscaleSettingResourceInner> getInnerAsync() {
        AutoscaleSettingsInner client = this.manager().inner().autoscaleSettings();
        return client.getByResourceGroupAsync(this.resourceGroupName(), this.name());
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isInCreateMode() {
        return this.inner().id() == null;
    }

    private void resetCreateUpdateParameters() {
        this.updateParameter = new AutoscaleSettingResourcePatch();
    }

    @Override
    public String autoscaleSettingResourceName() {
        return this.inner().autoscaleSettingResourceName();
    }

    @Override
    public Boolean enabled() {
        return this.inner().enabled();
    }

    @Override
    public List<AutoscaleNotification> notifications() {
        return this.inner().notifications();
    }

    @Override
    public List<AutoscaleProfile> profiles() {
        return this.inner().profiles();
    }

    @Override
    public String targetResourceUri() {
        return this.inner().targetResourceUri();
    }

    @Override
    public AutoscaleSettingResourceImpl withProfiles(List<AutoscaleProfile> profiles) {
        this.inner().withProfiles(profiles);
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    public AutoscaleSettingResourceImpl withAutoscaleSettingResourceName(String autoscaleSettingResourceName) {
        this.inner().withAutoscaleSettingResourceName(autoscaleSettingResourceName);
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    public AutoscaleSettingResourceImpl withEnabled(Boolean enabled) {
        if (isInCreateMode()) {
            this.inner().withEnabled(enabled);
        } else {
            this.updateParameter.withEnabled(enabled);
        }
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    public AutoscaleSettingResourceImpl withNotifications(List<AutoscaleNotification> notifications) {
        if (isInCreateMode()) {
            this.inner().withNotifications(notifications);
        } else {
            this.updateParameter.withNotifications(notifications);
        }
        return this;
    }

    @Override
    public AutoscaleSettingResourceImpl withTargetResourceUri(String targetResourceUri) {
        if (isInCreateMode()) {
            this.inner().withTargetResourceUri(targetResourceUri);
        } else {
            this.updateParameter.withTargetResourceUri(targetResourceUri);
        }
        return this;
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Chief Justice Myron T. Steele
Supreme Court Chief Justice Myron T. Steele will retire on Nov. 30, 2013 after serving 25 years on the Delaware bench. Appointed Chief Justice in 2004, he joined the Supreme Court as a Justice in 2000 and previously served on both the Superior Court and the Court of Chancery. Most recently, the Chief Justice completed a term as President of the Conference of Chief Justices and Chairman of the Board of Directors for the National Center for State Courts in August 2013. He is a graduate of the University of Virginia and received both his law degree and his masters of law degree from the University of Virginia School of Law. His legal career has spanned more than four decades, including eighteen years in private litigation practice prior to taking the bench. He has presided over major corporate litigation, and limited liability companies and limited partner governance disputes, and frequently writes on issues of corporate document interpretation and corporate governance. He has published over 400 opinions resolving disputes among members of limited liability companies and limited partnerships, and between shareholders and management of both publicly traded and close corporations.
Following his penchant for teaching, the Chief Justice is an Adjunct Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania Law School, the University of Virginia School of Law and the Pepperdine University School of Law. He has received professional accolades throughout his career and his reputation extends well beyond state and national borders. The Directorship Magazine consistently ranks Chief Justice Steele as one of the 100 most influential people in corporate governance in the United States. He has been continually placed on Lawdragon's list of "Leading Lawyers in America" and "Top Judges in America."
Chief Justice Steele was awarded the 2012 Judicial Achievement Award by the U.S. Chamber Institute for Legal Reform which recognized his leadership and the "efficiencies he has instilled" as Chief Justice, as well as his role in solidifying the Delaware Supreme Court's "reputation as the exemplar for direction and sound management." In accepting the award, the Chief Justice remarked, "It is very generous of you to personalize this Judicial Achievement Award, but please allow me to accept it on behalf of all the women and men in the Delaware Judicial Branch, who work with limited resources and take enormous pride in their work product."
The Administrative Office of the Courts recently sat down with Chief Justice Steele to reflect on his time as Chief Justice and his thoughts on the future.
(AOC): You served as the Chief Justice during some particularly difficult times. What was the most difficult situation that you faced?
(CJ): There were two events that come to mind. The first would be the shooting at the New Castle County Courthouse and the impact on employees. One doesn't often think about something like that happening, but it did. The tragic event will have a rippling effect for years to come. Employees who once thought they were safe coming to work now doubt their own security and that of their loved ones. We must continue to do everything within our power to make sure that an event like this does not happen again in the Delaware Courts, without sacrificing access to justice.
The second most difficult situation would be the emasculation of the Delaware Compensation Commission. That Commission's failure to provide an objective assessment of public officers' compensation in the last eight years represents a reneging on the promise to Delaware judges, when that system was created, that there would be a fair review of judicial compensation every four years. The effective loss of the Commission as a viable vehicle to address judicial pay inadequacies, combined with the minimal state employee pay increases over the last ten years, have meant that the compensation rates paid to judges and Judicial Branch employees have fallen further and further behind inflation and benefit cost increases. I regret that the limitations placed on my position in our current system and, effectively, on the operation of the Judicial Branch as a separate, co-equal branch of government, prevented me from addressing these rising pay inadequacies.
(AOC): What do you feel have been some of your most important accomplishments and decisions as Chief Justice?
(CJ): I am very pleased that we continue to be viewed as the nation's top court system. I am not sure that people realize the pressure not to break that string. I am also extremely proud of my colleagues' decision during the state's fiscal crisis in FY 2010 to voluntarily share in the judicial branch employees' pain of the 2 ½% salary reduction, even though they were not legally obligated to do so. In addition, although it took a few years, I believe that the decision to faithfully follow the empirical formula for determining when to request additional judicial positions was, ultimately, key to our success in obtaining two new, and much needed, judgeships in the Superior Court.
(AOC): Do you have any frustrations about goals that you were unable to complete?
(CJ): Yes. The Judicial Branch needs its own personnel system. As a separate and equal branch of government, it only makes sense that we would have a separate system since the Judicial Branch, itself, is in the best position to understand what we do, how we do it, and what we need to accomplish our mission.
(AOC): What surprised you the most in your role as Chief Justice?
Chief Justice Steele is a wonderful mentor and teacher to all of his clerks, which have been named his "Knuckleheads." With the Chief Justice's guidance, my writing skills improved immensely during my clerkship. His advice continues to carry with me today as I prepare briefs and motions in my law practice. The Chief Justice encourages his clerks to do everything they can to get the most out of the clerkship, and he does everything he can to make that happen. Before and after every oral argument he took the time to meet with the clerks to talk about the legal arguments. He treats the clerks as his colleagues, which is something that was much appreciated. He told us many times that he values the different perspectives and fresh ideas of his clerks, and he instilled in us that everyone deserves an even playing field. I have so many fond memories of my clerkship, and I am so grateful to have had the opportunity to clerk for Chief Justice Steele. Not only was it a fabulous clerkship experience, the relationship with the Chief Justice and his Knuckleheads extends well beyond the year of clerking. The Chief Justice treats his Knuckleheads like family. I have truly enjoyed being friends with so many of the Knuckleheads, and I always look forward to our gatherings with the Chief Justice.
Allyson Britton DiRocco, Esq.
Attorney at Morris James LLP
(CJ): I have been pleasantly surprised by how easy it turned out to be to work with my colleagues on the Court. I hear from other jurisdictions dreadful stories about judges not getting along. We have a genuine respect for one another. It has been a pleasure to work alongside these very talented men and women.
(AOC): What do you perceive as being the greatest issues facing the judiciary and the justice system generally?
(CJ): It continues to be a challenge to secure sufficient resources to fairly compensate all employees and to keep up to date with technology and infrastructure needs. Despite the many innovations and court efficiencies which the Courts have instituted, the widening chasm between court resources and workload demands has impacted the Courts' ability to efficiently provide constitutionally-mandated services. There is a critical need to ensure that courthouses are both accessible and secure. That means looking at much needed updates to (or replacement of) courthouse facilities such as Family Court in Kent and Sussex Counties.
(AOC): Do you have any words of caution/encouragement for the Judicial Branch as a whole going forward?
(CJ): I hope that people will look on the new Chief Justice as a leader of a team of responsible, professional, dedicated employees and that they will allow him or her to build consensus on resource needs, and make changes in court processes as the future demands. As for caution, although it is likely unnecessary to mention, we need to always remember that the Judicial Branch's independence is the foundation of our success. We cannot allow ourselves to be governed by the other branches of government.
(AOC): What changes (if any) have you observed in the way law is practiced in Delaware?
(CJ): The Bar is radically more diverse with many more views and new ideas based on cultural/historical backgrounds. Also, there has been a breakdown of firm loyalty, both associates to partners and vice versa. I am amazed at how frequently lawyers change firms, which contrasts with my experience of 18 years with one firm. The economic pressures on law firms and partners affect training of associates and billing practices. These economic demands would appear to be much more pressurized than they used to be and, no doubt, have changed the way law is practiced.
(AOC): What do you think have been the qualities that have made you such an effective leader?
(CJ): Over the years, I have come to recognize that I am but one voice. There is enormous talent in the Judicial Branch at every level and I have listened to and learned from all of them. I did not individually set our mission. We came together to speak with one voice.
(AOC): What advice would you give to a new Delaware attorney?
(CJ): It would be the same advice that I give to my laws clerks " find a niche that a firm needs to have filled and work hard to be irreplaceable.
(AOC): Do you have any parting thoughts for Judicial Branch employees?
(CJ): I believe the General Assembly is going to work towards a pay raise at the end of this next legislative session. There is hope for better working conditions and pay. Do not be discouraged. Without a doubt, the exceptional efforts and commitment of the judges and Judicial Branch employees are the reason for the Delaware Judiciary's reputation and achievements. I will continue to marvel at the Judicial Branch employees' remarkable resilience and dedication in making sure that the job "gets done," while confronting exponentially increasing workloads and declining resources.
(AOC): What will you look forward to most as you leave the bench?
(CJ): I am looking forward to being out of the public eye and the ability to manage my personal schedule better than I have for the past 9 ½ years.
We are very thankful for Chief Justice Steele's inspirational leadership and his strong and thoughtful guidance throughout his tenure as Chief Justice, particularly during the difficult times resulting from the New Castle County Courthouse shooting and the State's fiscal challenges in recent years. The benefits we have gained through his efforts and accomplishments will be felt for many years to come. Thank you, Chief Justice Steele!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
The 1950 Hamilton Tiger-Cats season was the first in franchise history after the two local clubs, the Hamilton Tigers and Hamilton Wildcats, amalgamated before this season began. The new franchise competed in the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union, the highest level of play in Eastern Canada.

The Tiger-Cats finished in 1st place in the East Division with a 7–5 record but lost the East Final in a two-game series to the Toronto Argonauts.

Preseason

Regular season

Season Standings

Season schedule

Playoffs

Schedule

References

Hamilton Tiger-Cats seasons
Hamilton

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Be both fashionably and environmentally responsible by dropping your unwanted clothes at any participating wt+ stores now and receive a 5% wt+ voucher* as a thank you treat! Yi Zi: G2000 Mini Dots Soft Blouse S$59 G2000 Pants S$79 Juhinars: G2000 Blouse S$59 G2000 Pants S$69 #wtplussg #g2000sg . *T&Cs apply. Check in-stores for more details.
Susan Hyatt's book, Bare is is adding to the wave of body positivity happening in the world right now. I'll be speaking tonight at Dana Grant's book club about Hyatt's declutter your closet chapter and how to have a wardrobe of happy clothes! I'll also be sharing about how to appreciate your body in a brand new way with my seven planetary body types! I'm so excited! I'm wearing two things that "Spark Joy" for me. Goawei Xinzhan, Paris created this skirt and top. I have had them for years and they never seem to go out of style.


Growing up we had a lot of peanut butter with bread. My mom will always have a big jar of Smuckers 'Groober' peanut butter with grape jelly for us. My sister Angela will only eat the peanut butter and I will only have the grape jelly. So can you imagine how the jar looks like as we both will try to scrape out our favorite ha ha… we always get scolding from our mother for doing that.
I am sure my mom and sister would love this cake as both of them are a huge fan of peanut butter. Too bad they are so far away and I can't share it with them. I don't have a specific recipe to follow and I just made it up as I go along. I didn't expect it to turn out well but it did. If you like peanut butter this is the cake for you.
1. Preheat oven to 350F. Generously grease and flour a 10" Bundt pan. Sift together the flour and baking powder and set it aside.
2. Beat butter, sugar and peanut butter together until light and creamy, scraping the sides of the bowl occasionally. Add the eggs one at a time, beating well after each addition. Add in the vanilla. Mix well.
3. Add in the flour mixture in 3 batches alternately with the milk until well combined. Pour the batter into the baking pan and bake for an hour or until golden brown. Remove from oven and let it cool in pan for 10 minutes, then turn out onto the rack and allow it to cool completely.
4. To prepare the glaze, combine all the ingredients and mix it with a whisk. Mix really well. Drizzle the glaze all over the cake and allow it to run down the sides.
Sounds good, but I'd be devilish and make something chocolate for the top... Like a Reeces!
So pretty with the icing..
Your cake look so beautiful and tempting too! Happy Mid-Autumn festival to you, not sure you celebrate this day or not, hehehe..
The glaze is so smooth and beautifully deco the cake! Peanut butter is my fav to go with plain breads.
Happy mid autumn festival to you and family.
oh yes, i love pb too and i think most of the people who love pb will have many occasions just spoon and eat them straight from the jar! the glaze sounds good, it's a pretty cake, gert!
Oh yum, this cake looks awesome Gert! And not to mention, my fave peanut butter...mmmm! I can see the cake is very tender inside...nice! BTW, have a wonderful Mid-Autumn Festival my friend!
I'm a big fan of Goober jam too..and like you, I like the jelly and would korek that out too..hahaha.Infact, when we came here, I got the US food importer to bring in Goober jam to NZ (terror,huh?..hahaha).
Swee San, thank you. By the way, I can't seems to go into your website. Don't know what happen.
Linda, we are so alike!! Yea the jar looks bad ha ha..
Ah Tze, thank you. Same to you too.
Yummylittlecooks, thank you. Happy Mid-Autumn to you and your family too.


text:
package com.okaycamera.okcamera.module.preview;

import android.hardware.camera2.CameraAccessException;

import com.okaycamera.okcamera.core.M.BaseModel;
import com.okaycamera.okcamera.core.M.IModel;

public class PreviewModel extends BaseModel{
    @Override
    public IModel initModel() {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void createSession() throws CameraAccessException {

    }

    @Override
    public void buildRequest(int type) {

    }

    @Override
    public void process() {

    }

    @Override
    public void saveFinalData() {

    }
}


Please use your name or league id when posting here!
Char: Happy Birthday Bryan aka dougxyz May all your wishes come true!
Char: Easter Egg Hunt! April 15th - 21st Collect eggs in tours to fill your basket and earn 100 rating points. Seed 3 team will get a Bonus Egg. Happy Hunting!
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deni: GOOD MORNING FOREVERSADES !!!!
GiGI: to oswald, wonderman200,and juanito on their NHL wins for week 7 wtgo!
Linda: Happy Birthday to my friendly ghost!
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Char: Happy Birthday Lyn! May all your wishes come true!
GiGi: to Kiki53, Its_Red_, and jazmin275355 on their NHL wins for week 6 wtgo!


There's been much baking, more baking and so much baking this last month that I've almost forgotten what it's like to go out and enjoy the chill of a cold December day.
What's it like at your home? The Christmas tree must be decked up, presents wrapped up and neatly arranged under the tree, the pantry stocked with cakes, cookies, wine and all kinds of Christmas treats.
Wishing you and yours the joys of this blessed season.


text:
PREVIEW: WEEKEND DANISH ACTION
DAVID SMITH - Thursday, June 17, 2010
Jamil Fearrington and Roskilde will take on Skive with their survival in the bag while Babajide and Viborg will look to finish their season on a high note on their trip to Fyn.
FC Fyn - Viborg FF
After Wednesday's disappointing draw against last-place Brabrand, Babajide Ogunbiyi and a stifling Viborg defense will hope for one last virtuoso performance against Fyn as they head into the off-season.
The dominant performance of the Greens' back line has been only half of the story of their spring campaign, with the inability of their attack to put the ball into the net leaving them to settle with a finish well off of their earlier hopes of promotion.
Their 25 goals conceded over 29 games - including only one allowed over their last four contests - is good enough for second in the league, however the division's second-worst scoring record has highlighted their continued struggles in front of goal.
A recent run of two wins and two draws has brought the team back up into seventh place, and a win over Fyn on Sunday could see them jump into sixth should Naestved slip up against Kolding.
Viborg will likely be without the injured Marc dal Hende, while Fyn could be missing Claus Pedersen and Frank Andreasen due to injuries, and Mads Overgaard for personal reasons.
FC Roskilde - Skive IK
Last weekend's road win over Hvidovre wrapped up Roskilde's First Division status for next season, and now Jamil Fearrington and his teammates return home to celebrate their season finale on Sunday against Hvidovre.
The team looked to be headed for the lower reaches of the Danish league system at the midseason break, however a much-improved overall team play highlighted by the goalscoring feats of Jeppe Kjær saw them come ahead in the highly competitive race to beat the final relegation spot.
Should they come out ahead against Skive on Sunday, they have a strong chance to pass Vejle for tenth place in the standings, who will be locked in a fierce battle against promotion-hunting Lyngby, who need a win to assure their own advancement to the Superligaen.
Roskilde continue to be without long-term absences Morten Avnskjold, who has missed the whole season with a leg injury and forward Tobias Perch-Nielsen, who underwent surgery on his meniscus earlier in the spring.
Skive are reporting no injuries or suspensions.
Euan Holden is still recovering from groin surgery, and will therefore miss Vejle's final game of the season, as they try to put a damper on Lyngby's shot at promotion.
Altidore expecting tough Slovenian challenge
Hammarby 1 - 1 Ljungskile
Ljungskile 5 - 1 Brage
1. Division (Norway), Babajide Ogunbiyi, Denmark, Euan Holden, Jamil Fearrington, Roskilde, Vejle BK, Viborg FF
Eintracht Frankfurt, Sunderland, Kenny Saief, Giovanni Reyna, Borussia Dortmund, Germany, Rotherham United, Southend United, RB Leipzig, Charlie Kelman


text:
PL top-four race reaches climax
Arsene Wenger will be praying for an unexpected slip from Liverpool or Manchester City as Arsenal try to salvage their troubled Premier League campaign by snatching a Champions League berth in Sunday's season finale.
Rocked by Arsenal's failure to live up to his expectations and battered by mounting criticism from furious fans, Wenger has been under fire like never before in his 21-year reign - and the lowest moment of all is likely to come at the Emirates Stadium this weekend.
As if finishing below arch rivals Tottenham for the first time in 22 years wasn't bad enough, Wenger's bid to lead Arsenal into the Champions League for a 20th successive season is in grave danger heading into their last league game against Everton.
With the title race settled in Chelsea's favour, Tottenham guaranteed to finish second and the three relegation places filled by Sunderland, Middlesbrough and Hull, it is the battle for the lucrative remaining two places in Europe's elite club competition that will command the attention on Sunday.
Despite winning six of their last seven games, Arsenal are in fifth place, one point behind fourth placed Liverpool and three adrift of third-placed City.
If Liverpool beat relegated Middlesbrough at Anfield and City avoid defeat at struggling Watford, then, even if Arsenal win, Wenger's side will be consigned to the indignity of Thursday nights in the unglamourous Europa League next term.
Having refused to confirm if he will accept Arsenal's offer of a new contract, Wenger this week said this will be settled when he meets the club's powerbrokers after the Gunners' FA Cup final date with Chelsea on May 27.
Reports suggest Wenger is planning to stay and if that is the case the 67-year-old could do with boosting his plunging approval ratings by somehow gate-crashing the Champions League party.
Asked on Friday if the Everton clash will be his last game in charge of Arsenal at the Emirates, he gave a sarcastic response.
"Of the season...yes," he said. "I think what is the most important for us is to win the football game we play on Sunday.
"After that, what happens to me is less important. I'm here to serve the club and the best way to do that is to win the next game."
Meanwhile, a fourth successive City victory will see them hold on to third place and go straight into next season's Champions League, while a draw would also be enough to ensure a top-four finish.
'IN OUR HANDS'
However, City could still miss out altogether if they lose, Liverpool defeat Middlesbrough and Arsenal improve their goal difference by at least five in the process of beating Everton.
Calling for one last push after an underwhelming first season in charge, City boss Pep Guardiola said: "We still have 95, 96 minutes to fight to do one thing that's so important for the club and the future.
"It's a crucial game for us. It's a final. Every game has pressure, but it's in our hands.
"It doesn't depend on Arsenal or Liverpool. It depends on us. We have to go there and win the game."
Liverpool will compete in the Champions League for the first time since 2014-15, and only the second time in eight years, as long as they match Arsenal's result.
Reds boss Jurgen Klopp is well aware the subsequent boost to Liverpool's profile would be a major help in signing his top transfer targets.
"The Champions League, for different reasons, is a wonderful competition. It would be the icing on the cake," Klopp said.
"It is important for players because that is what they want to play in.
"We will be successful in the future but for this we need the players, of course. We have very good players and we need a few more."
Already certain to finish sixth, Manchester United will send out a team largely comprised of youth team players as boss Jose Mourinho keeps his senior stars fresh for next week's Europa League final against Ajax.
If United win the Europa League they will claim a place in the Champions League, giving Mourinho the last laugh while his old rival Wenger faces a troubled future.
Arsenal v Everton
Burnley v West Ham
Chelsea v Sunderland
Hull v Tottenham
Leicester v Bournemouth
Liverpool v Middlesbrough
Manchester United v Crystal Palace
Southampton v Stoke
Swansea v West Brom
Watford v Manchester City
Labels: Entertainment, s


text:
qqduckus
A professional historian and wise ass considers the contemporary world and the past
Category Archives: Belgium
Report from the (Now Quiet) Fronts #52: A Legacy of Death
The most important legacy of the Great War was establishing the shape of twentieth century Europe and the Near East through the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian, Russian and Ottoman Empires. But the most immediately apparent legacy was the extinction and ruin of millions of lives, virtually all of whom had nothing to do with the outbreak of the war or its final settlement. World War II, born to a great extent out of the First, would produce far more casualties, but the losses of the Great War seem more poignant inasmuch as they were suffered in an utterly pointless conflict waged, at least in France and Italy, in a frequently pointless manner.
The world had never seen such a mobilization of men. On the Allied side: Russian Empire 12,000,000, British Empire 8,841,541, France 8,660,000, Italy 5,615,140, United States 4,743,826, Romania 1,234,000, Japan 800,00, Serbia 707,343, Belgium 380,000, Greece 250,000, Portugal 80,000 and Montenegro 50,000; a total of 42,959,850 men. The Central Powers: Germany 13,250,000, Austro-Hungarian Empire 7,800,000, Ottoman Empire 2,998,321 and Bulgaria 1,200,000; a total of 25,248,321 men. In the course of four years 75,208,171 men were under arms.
An entire generation of young men were obliterated or maimed. (These figures vary a great deal.) The Allied losses totaled 5,520,000 killed in action and 12,831,500 wounded in action, a total of 18,356,500 casualties; the Central Powers saw 4,386,000 killed and 8,388,000 wounded, a total of 12,774,000 casualties. The big losers: Germany with 2,050,897 dead, Russian Empire 1,811,000, France 1,397,000, Austro-Hungarian Empire 1,200,000, British Empire 1,114,914; actually, as percentage of population the biggest losers were the Serbians at an astounding 17-28%, the Turks at 13-15% and the Romanians at 8-9%. Add to all this 4,000,000 civilian deaths on the Allied side and 3,700,000 on the side of the Central Powers (including perhaps 1,500,000 Armenians). In all, about 17,593,000 died in the Great War; millions more would die in the Russian Civil War and resulting famine in the Ukraine (not to mention a natural cause – the influenza pandemic).
More than 21,000,000 were wounded in the Great War, and Europe was now filled with men missing limbs, jaws and eyes, men with corrupted lungs and men with damaged minds. In fact, British army surgeons, led by Harold Gillies, undertook more than 11,000 reconstructive operations, mostly for facial damage, and Gillies was later recognized as the father of plastic surgery.
Retraining injured men
Repaired soldiers
Harold Gillies
For the common soldiery the Great War meant lost years, wounds, death and perhaps a medal, but for the upper echelon of officers it meant in many cases career advancement and sundry honors. Joseph Joffre and Ferdinand Foch, for example, were made Marshals of France, and Douglas Haig received, among other honors, the thanks of Parliament, an earldom, and a grant of £100,000. I expect the poilus and Tommies were delighted by such awards to their noble commanders.
Infantrymen
Field Marshal Joffre
Field Marshal Foch
Field Marshal Haig
Leave a comment Posted in Austria-Hungary, Belgium, British Empire, Bulgaria, Central Powers, Douglas Haig, Ferdinand Foch, France, Germany, Great Britain, Great War, Great War casualties, Greece, Harold Gillies, history, Italy, Japan, Joseph Joffre, Montenegro, Ottoman Empire, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Triple Entente, Turkey, US, war, World War I
Report from the Fronts #51: November 1918: Armistice
(If you want more on the end of the fighting, try Joseph E. Persico, Eleventh Month, Eleventh Day, Eleventh Hour, an excellent read. Note: though the hostilities are ending, the war is not, so there will be a few more Reports.)
It is a crime that operations continued on the Western Front when the Germans were clearly defeated and begging for an armistice. The Allies already held all the cards, but they were wrangling among themselves. The French, British and Italians were less than enthusiastic about Wilson's Fourteen Points with their emphasis on self-determination and drawing boundaries according to ethnicity; they already had secret treaties and plans for the post-war environment that satisfied their own interests. Nevertheless, thousands of men would have to die when the war was obviously over. So the Battle of Valenciennes began on 1 November and ended with capture of the city on the 3rd, and on 6 November the Americans took Sedan. On 5 November Marshal Foch was made supreme commander of all forces fighting against Germany.
To the southeast the Serbians retook Belgrade on 1 November, and King Peter I returned three days later, to be crowned King of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (at least until 1921). The Italians seized Trieste on 3 November, and a day later the Battle of Vittorio Veneto came to an end; the Austrians suffered 80,000 casualties and some 450,000 prisoners, the Italians and allies about 40,000 casualties. And that same day all hostilities between the collapsing Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Allies ceased, and the Italians occupied not only the territory they had lost but also the North Tyrol, Innsbruck, Gorizia, Istria and Dalmatia.
King Peter I
Italians landing in Trieste
The end was also coming for the German Empire, as revolts began breaking out across Germany. On 3 November the Allies finally agreed to the German proposal for an armistice, as mutiny was exploding among the sailors of the fleet at Kiel. On 24 October Admiral Franz von Hipper ordered preparations for a final battle against the British and moved part of the High Seas Fleet to Wilhelmshaven, where some sailors refused to obey orders or actually mutinied. The resistance was defused without violence and the ships returned to Kiel, but the sailors there were also not interested in sacrificing their lives for a pointless foray.
Admiral Franz von Hipper
Hipper's plan for the last battle
On 1 November 250 sailors held a meeting, which was followed the next two days by large open-air demonstrations, in which workers and civilians participated. Local troops fired into the crowd, killing some, and on the 4th more troops were sent in, but these soldiers either refused to obey orders or actually joined the revolt. By the end of the day some 40,000 sailors, soldiers and workers controlled Kiel and Wilhelmshaven. On 7 November Bavaria was declared a republic, and the revolt spread to Berlin two days later. The German Revolution had begun.
The Revolution begins
Sailors on strike
Reaction at the highest level followed quickly. On 9 November it was announced that the Kaiser would abdicate (the abdication was signed on the 28th), and the next day he went into exile in Holland, where he would remain until his death in 1941. The almost 900 year old Hohenzollern dynasty (at least as rulers) and the 47 year old Second Reich came to an end. On 12 November Emperor Karl I of Austria, no longer having an empire, was compelled to abdicate, and left for Switzerland in March 1919 and died in Madeira in April 1922. The thousand year old Holy Roman Empire and the 51 year old Austro-Hungarian Empire were gone; on the same day Karl abdicated a German-Austrian republic was proclaimed.
Wilhelm II
The now dapper Kaiser in exile
Prince Georg Friedrich, current heir to the Prussian throne
Karl I
Karl von Hapsburg, current heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne
And the war was finally ending. On 3 November Austria agreed to the Armistice of Villa Giusti with the Allies, which effectively ended the war for Austria, and on the same day the Allies accepted Germany's armistice proposal. The German delegation arrived at the Allied General Headquarters and were ushered into a specially prepared railway car in the Forest of Compiègne (Foch wanted no press or angry Frenchmen present) on 8 November. They were informed by Foch that they had three days to consider the Allied demands, which were nonnegotiable, and with little choice – Germany was starving from the blockade – the armistice was signed at 5:10 am on 11 October. The war was over.
Allied leaders at the Wagon
The signing of the Armistice
The Wagon at Compiègne 1940
The Wagon in Berlin 1940
Well, not quite. The armistice would not take effect until 11:00 am, exactly at the moment Foch's 72 hour deadline ended. Whether the Allied commanders considered a delay in order to come up with the nifty "eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month" is unknown, but many professional soldiers, like Foch himself and General Pershing, who wanted their troops to keep fighting and gain ground that was already due to be handed over. Officers' careers could still be furthered, and in the case of the Americans, even at the grunt level, there was still glory to be won. So, men continued to die.
In the six hours between the signing of the armistice and its implementation both sides suffered, conservatively, 11,000 casualties of which some 2700 were deaths. The last British soldier to be killed was George Ellison, shot in the vicity of Mons around 9:30, while the last Commonwealth soldier to die, Canadian George Price, bought the farm at 10:58 in an advance north of Mons. Augustin Trébuchon, the last poilu, was killed at 10:50 during an assault across the Meuse River, The man recognized as the last soldier to die in action in the Great War was an American, Henry Gunther, who in the last 60 seconds of the war charged at a German machine gun; the surprised Germans attempted to wave him off and finally cut him down. No one seems to know who the last German soldier was.
George Ellison
George Price
Augustin Trébuchon
Henry Gunther
The war in Africa, however, went on. Lettow-Vorbeck and his askaris in the bush were not exactly easy to contact, and on 1 November they invaded Rhodesia and took the town of Kasama on the 9th. Hostilities finally came to an end on 14 November, and the German force in Rhodesia surrendered on the 25th, two weeks after the armistice. By that time Lettow-Vorbeck's army consisted of 30 German officers, 125 other ranks, 1168 askaris and about 3500 porters. They had led a quarter million Commonwealth troops on a merry chase for four years. Lettow-Vorbeck returned to Germany a hero, the only undefeated German commander, and though he was an ardent nationalist, he opposed Hitler, suposedly once telling the Führer to fuck hmself. He was given a state funeral upon his death in 1964.
Surrender of Lettow-Vorbeck
Lettow-Vorbeck in Berlin 1919
The Lion of Africa in 1935
Meanwhile, the Germans were going home. On 18 November the last German troops crossed the French frontier (they would be back in 22 years) and the Belgian frontier on the 26th (ditto). Brussels was reoccupied by the Belgian army on 18 November, followed three days later by the government. British and American troops crossed into Germany on 24 November, followed by the French two days later; the day before the French had entered Strasbourg in Alsace-Lorraine, lost to Germany almost 50 years earlier.
A peace treaty would not be signed until June 1919, but modern eastern Europe was already emerging from the ruin of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. On 1 November Hungary formed its first independent government, under Mihály Károlyi, and on the 16th declared the 400 year Hapsburg monarchy abolished and the establishment of the First Hungarian Republic. On 14 November Professor Masaryk was elected the first President of the Czechoslovak Republic, and on the 23rd the Yugoslav National Council voted for union with Serbia and Montenegro, which union was approved by the Montenegrin National Assembly on 29 November.
Proclamation of the Hungarian Republic
Mihály Károlyi
Tomas Masaryk
Austro-Hungarian Empire by ethnicity
All was now quiet on the Western Front, but violence continued in the east. On 1 November the new Second Polish Republic under Józef Piłsudski went to war with the momentarily independent Ukraine, seeking new territory in the east, especially Galicia. The war would end in a Polish victory in July 1919, when the Ukrainians would join Poland in the Polish-Soviet War that began in February 1919.
Poland March 1919
Józef Pilsudski
And there was the Russian Civil War, born of the Great War. On 18 November in Omsk Admiral Alexander Kolchak declared himself the Dictator of Russia and began collecting White forces to combat the Reds. To the west the other major White leader, Anton Denikin, had by November gained control of all the territory between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea. It was beginning to appear that the Bolsheviks were doomed.
Alexander Kolchak
Anton Denikin
Finally, on 9 November the British and French issued a joint declaration regarding the disposition of the former Ottoman territories of Syria and Mesopotamia, a telling sign that they had their own agendas for the post-war world. President Wilson's self-determination apparently did not extend to non-Europeans.
Disposition of the Ottoman Empire
Leave a comment Posted in Alexander Kolchak, Anton Denikin, Askaris, Austria-Hungary, Belgium, Britain, Compiègne, Croatia, Czechoslovakia, East Africa, Ferdinand Foch, France, Franz von Hipper, German Revolution, Germany, Great Britain, Great War, High Seas Fleet, history, Hungary, Italy, John Pershing, Josef Pilsudski, Kaiser Wilhelm II, Karl I, Lettow-Vorbeck, Mihály Károlyi, Peter I, Poland, Russian Civil War, Serbia, Tomáš Masaryk, Turkey, US, Vittoria Veneto, war, Western Front, Wilhelmshaven, World War I, Yugoslavia
Report from the Fronts #50: October 1918
By the beginning of October many, especially on the German side, knew that the war was finished for the Central Powers but the killing would continue for another month while an armistice was negotiated. It was hardly "dulce et decorum" to die for your country when there was absolutely no reason to.
On 2 October the Fifth Battle of Ypres and the Battle of the Saint-Quentin Canal came to an end, and on the 3rd the (ironically named) Battle of the Beaurevoir Line began. The Line was the last string of German trenches, a little more than a mile east of Saint-Quentin, and by 10 October the Americans and French had seized the heights above the Line, marking a 19 mile wide breach of the Hindenburg Line. General Rawlinson on the operation: "Had the Boche not shown marked signs of deterioration during the past month, I should never have contemplated attacking the Hindenburg line. Had it been defended by the Germans of two years ago, it would certainly have been impregnable…."
Breaching the Line
Rawlinson
Beaurevoir Line
To the north the Canadians handily won the Second Battle of Cambrai on 8–10 October, capturing a city that was largely destroyed and evacuated by the Germans. The easy victory is understandable: all the pressure on the Hindenburg Line to the south left this sector denuded of troops. The depleted German divisions were severely outnumbered, had few guns, no air cover and no tanks, of which the Allies had 324. The end was becoming clearer and clearer.
Canadians on the road to Cambrai
Second Battle of Cambrai
On 14 October the Battle of Courtrai (or Battle of Roulers or Second Battle of Belgium) began, and by its end on the 19th Ostend, Lille, Douai, Zeebrugge and Bruges had been recaptured by the British and Belgians. On 20 October the rest of the Belgian coast was recovered.
King Albert I at the liberation of Bruges
Courtrai area
To the south the Meuse-Argonne Offensive moved into phase two on 4 October. The exhausted American divisions gave way to fresh formations of eager doughboys, who quickly – and frequently recklessly – cleared the Argonne Forest by the end of the month, during which time they advanced 10 miles. At the Battle of Montfaucon 14-17 October the Americans broke the Hindenburg Line at the Kriemhilde Stellung, while on their left the French Fourth Army moved 20 miles and reached the Aisne River. At the onset of Montfaucon legendary American corporal Alvin York singlehandedly captured 132 prisoners, a feat that would have been impossible a year earlier. Phase 3 began on 28 October and would last until the armistice.
York in action
Alvin York
Meuse-Argonne Offensive
A sign of the impending end: on 27 October Ludendorff, virtual ruler of the German Empire for two years, was asked by the Kaiser to resign, which he did without objection.
Hindenburg and Ludendorff
A more cataclysmic sign appeared in Italy. On 24 October, the anniversary of the Caporetto disaster, General Armando Diaz finally launched the long awaited offensive against the Austrians with an assault on Monte Grappo, while his main armies prepared to cross the Piave River, which was in flood. The crossing of the swollen river was difficult, but by the 28th the Italians had established several bridgeheads on the northern bank and were advancing. The Austrian commander, Svetozar Boroević von Bojna, promptly ordered a counterattack, but his men refused to obey the order, not a good sign. Svetozar Boroević, known as a defensive expert, ordered a general retreat, and on 30 October the Italians took Vittorio Veneto, a dozen miles north of the Piave.
Svetozar Boroević
Battle of Vittorio Veneto
On Monte Grappa
Austro-Hungarian prisoners
Abandoned Austrian equipment
Italian cavalry
Aiding the Allies was the simple fact that the Austro-Hungarian Empire was crumbling. On 28 October Bohemia (part of Czechoslovakia) declared its independence, and the following day a group proclaimed the independence of the South Slavs. More crushing, on 31 October the Hungarian Parliament voted for independence, thus ending the Austro-Hungarian state. By the time the Battle of Vittorio Veneto ended on 4 November Austria was out of the war.
Meanwhile, Allied forces were advancing deeper into Serbia, and in the east the British took Tripoli, Homs and Aleppo in Syria and Kirkuk in Mesopotamia from the Turks; the French took Beirut. Far to the east the British took Irkutsk (remember Risk?) on 14 October and Omsk on the 18th, although the whole reason for these operations had essentially disappeared.
Diplomatic notes were flying all over Europe. On 4 October Germany and Austria sent notes to President Wilson requesting an armistice, and four days later Wilson told the Germans that evacuating occupied real estate was the first step. On the 12th the German government agreed, but three days later Wilson set further conditions, including that he deal with a democratic German government, a tough proposition for the Germans. Nevertheless, Wilson agreed to pass the proposal on to the Allied governments.
The Austrians had to wait until 18 October for a noncommittal reply, and on the 27th the Austrian government sent a second note to Wilson and one to Italy requesting an immediate armistice. Meanwhile, the Empire was dissolving. On 16 October a desperate Emperor proclaimed the ancient empire to be a federal state based on national groups, but it was already fragmenting. On 21 October Czechoslovakia declared its independence, and the Ban of Croatia (the traditional local government) proclaimed its support for the Yugoslav National Council. On the 29th the Council rejected the policy of the Empire and declared Yugoslavian independence, which was adopted by the Croatian Congress the next day. Three days earlier the King of Montenegro had announced support for Yugoslavia. On 31 October there were revolutions in Budapest and Vienna, and Hungary withdrew from the union; that same day Emperor Karl I, no longer possessing an Adriatic port, handed his fleet over to the Yugoslavs.
Croatian Congress
Emperor Karl I
Yugoslavia (1922)
The Ottoman Empire was also collapsing. On 14 October the Turks requested an armistice from President Wilson, and on the 30th an armistice was signed by the Allies and the Turks. Hostilities ended the next day, and Turkey was out of the war and bereft of their Arab empire.
Ottoman Empire to Turkish Republic
On a smaller scale, on 4 October King Ferdinand of Bulgaria abdicated in favor of his son, who became Boris III. Surprisingly, his throne would actually survive the political cataclysm born of the defeat of the Central Powers.
Ferdinand I
Boris III
Turkey, Austria and Bulgaria were all out of the war, and Germany was seriously seeking an armistice. Yet the war and the killing went on as the victors dithered.
Leave a comment Posted in AEF, Alvin York, America, Armando Diaz, Armistice, Austria-Hungary, Austro-Hungarian Navy, Balkans, Belgium, Britain, Bulgaria, Cambrai, Central Powers, Croatia, Czechoslovakia, Edmund Allenby, Erich von Ludendorff, Germany, Great Britain, Great War, Henry Rawlinson, Hindenburg Line, history, Hundred Days Offensive, Hungary, Italy, Karl I, King Ferdinand I, Meuse-Argonne Offensive, Montenegro, Montfaucon, Ottoman Empire, Piave River, Saint-Quentin canal, Svetozar Boroević, Triple Entente, Turkey, US, Vittoria Veneto, Vladivostok, war, Western Front, Woodrow Wilson, World War I, Ypres, Yugoslavia
Report from the Fronts #32: August 1917
August is dominated by the Flanders Campaign. The Battle of Pilckem Ridge ended on 2 August, resulting in some gains and 32,000 British, 1300 French and 30,000 German casualties. Proponents of the offensive argued that these were small losses compared to 1 July 1916, the first day of the Somme offensive, hardly a convincing argument.
On 15 August the Battle of Hill 70 (overlooking the town of Lens 30 miles south of Ypres) began, the intention being to make life easier for their comrades at Ypres by drawing German troops away from the main thrust of the offensive. The Canadians took the hill in ten days but suffered heavy casualties (9000); the Germans suffered grandly (more than 20,000) but were able to hold without help from the north. Incidentally, just about two years earlier at the battle of Loos the British suffered 60,000 casualties attempting to capture the same territory.
German flamethrower
Canadians on Hill 70
German pillbox
Meanwhile, back at Ypres the drive restarted on 16 August with the Battle of Langemarck. The offensive ended two days later with the capture of Langemarck but a failure to seize all the higher ground and certainly no breakthrough. A major part of the problem was the unseasonable rains, which given the destruction of the drainage canals, turned the battlefields into quagmires and slowed any advance, especially considering that the allies were on the lower ground. The offensive was halted until conditions were better. The battle, including subsequent small actions, cost the Allies some 36,000 casualties and the Germans 26,000. It just went on and on.
Everywhere, mud
Third Battle of Ypres
Battle of Langemarck
And speaking of going on and on, on 20 August the French launched an offensive on both sides of the Meuse at Verdun. The objectives were limited and mostly attained, but the tactical/strategic situation was unchanged. The French captured 11,000 prisoners, but suffered 14,000 casualties; the new German POWs were the lucky ones.
Verdun offensive
An ominous sign, on 2 August 350 crew of one of the German dreadnaughts at Wilhelmshaven engaged in a protest, only to be severely disciplined – two leaders were shot. This put an end to such demonstrations for the duration of the war, but also led to the spread of clandestine sailors' committees on the big ships. The sailors would be heard from again.
Sailors demonstrating
On 6 August Kerensky became Prime Minister of Russia, but his days were numbered. Liberia declared war on Germany on 4 August, presumably following the American lead, and the new Republic of China on the 14th, presumably to curry western favor.
And on 17 August – drum roll! – the Eleventh Battle of the Isonzo kicked off. The offensive would fail, hardly a surprise, and prepare the way for the major Italian disaster of the Twelfth Battle.
Our old friend, Luigi Cadorna
Leave a comment Posted in Belgium, Canadians, Germany, Great Britain, Great War, Hill 70, history, Isonzo River, Langemarck, Luigi Cadorna, Passchendaele, Pilckem Ridge, Verdun, war, Western Wall, Wilhelmshaven, World War I, Ypres
(Seriously Delayed) Report from the Fronts #30: June 1917
The Big Push for June was the Battle of Messines, which marked the beginning of Britain's Flanders Offensive; like the French they apparently could not wait for the Americans. The assault was launched on 7 June with the detonation of nineteen mines under the German lines, catching the enemy by surprise and promptly killing 10,000 troops. The mining had begun in 1915 – so little had the front changed – and 454 tons of explosives went up in twenty seconds, dwarfing the Somme mines and creating the largest explosion in history before the Trinity bomb.
Lone Tree mine crater
Destroyed German trench
Battle of Messines Ridge
The effectiveness of the British mines and creeping barrage allowed the most important objective, the Messines ridge, to be taken on the first day, and when the battle ended a week later, it remained in Allied hands. The offensive was certainly a tactical success, gaining the high ground, as it were, and setting the stage for the next advance, but one (who was not an Allied general) might question the strategic gain. The ridge cost each side some 25,000 casualties.
Messines, post-battle
Messines: fake tree observation post
Messines: allied artillery
Certainly a greater boost to Allied morale was the arrival of General John Pershing in France on 13 June and 14,000 troops of the American Expeditionary Force on the 25th. The Allied commanders wanted to immediately send them to the front, but Pershing wanted more training and was adamant that his boys would fight as American units not simply replacements. The doughboys (from the adobe dust in the Mexican war?) would not hit the trenches for another several months, but their presence was already a clear boost to morale.
American doughboy
Foch, Pershing, Pétain, Haig
Speaking of morale, on 8 June the French military began seriously dealing with the mutiny with arrests and courts-martial, but with surprising restraint, which annoyed many of the generals. Nevertheless, Philippe Pétain, the new Chief of the General Staff, and President Raymond Poincaré supported a lighter touch, and while there were 629 death sentences handed down, only 43 executions were actually carried out. More effective in restoring order was the institution of regular leaves and a promise of only severely limited offensives until the Americans arrived in strength.
Poincaré
French execution
On the Greek "front" the Allies demanded on 11 June that King Constantine abdicate, which he did the following day, passing the throne to his son, who became Alexander I. Alexander was clearly a puppet of the Allies, who now occupied more Greek territory, but under his "rule" Greece would benefit from the Allied victory. Unfortunately for Alexander, he would die from a monkey bite in 1920, to be succeeded, ironically, by his father. Venizelos, leader of the provisional government in Salonika, became Prime Minister on 26 June and took power in Athens the next day. Greece was now formally at war with Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire.
Venizelos
King Constantine I
Coronation of Alexander
King Alexander I
Off in the new Russian Republic the Provisional Government turned down a German offer of an armistice on 9 June, perhaps not a good decision inasmuch as by 21 June the Black Sea Fleet was in full mutiny. Kerensky believed that a successful offensive in Galicia in July would restore military morale.
In miscellaneous news, Italy announced a Protectorate over Albania on 3 June…and on 8 June the Tenth Battle of the Isonzo ended with no gains and 150,000 Italian casualties. To the southeast Edmund Allenby, formally of the Western Front, took over Commonwealth forces in Egypt, bad news for the Turks. And Colonel Lawrence and Auda Abu Tayi ("I am a river to my people.") and his Howeitat were on their way to Aqaba.
Edmund "Bloody Bull" Allenby
Auda Abu Tayi
Auda and sundry Howeitat
Leave a comment Posted in Auda Abu Tayi, Belgium, Black Sea Fleet, Britain, doughboy, Edmund Allenby, French mutiny, Germany, Great War, Greece, history, Isonzo River, Italy, John Pershing, King Alexander I, Messines Ridge, mines, Phillipe Petain, Raymond Poincaré, Russia, Venizelos, war, Western Front, World War I
Special Report from the Fronts: Remembrance
From the 2014 Miss Belgium Contest
The History Question
Leave a comment Posted in Beauty contest, Belgium, Great War, ignorance, In Flanders Fields, World War I
"Wings"
1936 Arab Revolt
1948 Arab-Israeli War
Aéronautique Militaire
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Actium
Adolf von Carlowitz
Adolph Joffre
Adrianople
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Ze'ev Jabotinsky
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I taught ancient history for 31 years at the University of New Mexico, a plainly third rate institution, finally retiring in 2003 when the harassment from my department (wise ass; 9/11 cracks) drove me from a job I loved. In a fit of typical academic pettiness and vindictiveness my colleagues refused to grant me emeritus status, though some 20,000 students had passed through my classes, apparently pleased. After three decades in academe I fail to understand why successful revolutionaries bother to shoot the intellectuals, though ironically Soviet workers had a saying that certainly applies to university professors: "We pretend to work and they pretend to pay us." Indeed. I have at last completed the complex and difficult transition from professor to barfly, and I am ready to write something other than the scholarly tome on Marathon which I have been working on. Missing the major soapboxes of my classes and the student newspaper, for which I wrote a regular column, I decided to try a blog, fully expecting to be howling in the darkness. Of course, given the emergence of so many incredibly stupid people in our society, even howling alone in the darkness can be cathartic. I will post a new article on history and contemporary affairs every week. I realize the big boys are doing this every day, but I have a book to finish and want to keep the quality of the posts up (though my heart wants to rant and dump unclever invective on all the unreason, faith-based nonsence and plain stupidity that is being rubbed in my face. My perspective is particularly that of an historian rather than a journalist or a politician. My professional interests were in antiquity and I presume to write about contemporary affairs, but that is in fact what history is all about: the past illuminating the present. Read about the collapse of the Roman Republic and then think about our own country. Or not: Victor Hanson is the greatest expert - ever - on Greek warfare, yet his newspaper editorials frequently suggest a person clueless about history. If you like the stuff you see here, try the best and most readable Greek history on the planet: Dare to Struggle. The History and Society of Greece (at Amazon) and help me buy beer. I am available to lecture at birthdays, weddings, bar mitzvahs, etc. The photo shows me in my NKVD uniform.


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Mutiara Taman Negara Resort, managed by the Mutiara Group of Hotels, is a premier resort located at the Taman Negara National Park Base Camp in Kuala Tahan. Its accommodation comprises of individual chalets, dormitories and camp site. It has a spacious restaurant that overlooks the Tembeling River and conference facilities for 200 persons.
Mutiara Taman Negara Resort is the official APECO 2006 Registration Venue and Conference Venue. Since the Resort is located in the National Park, a park entry permit is required but this is waived for APECO delegates wearing their APECO name tags.
Nusa Holiday Village comprising of Malay styled houses and budget chalet accommodation is tucked into the jungle on the fringe of Tembeling River. It is about 15 min boat ride from Conference Venue at the Kuala Tahan Base Camp.
The rate includes daily return boat transfers to Mutiara Taman Negara Resort, the Conference venue. Please wear your APECO name tags when you are at the Conference Venue.
Rainforest Resort is one of the leading resorts located in Kuala Tahan Village, which is across the Tembeling River from Taman Negara National Park base camp. It is 70 kilometers north of Jerantut, 260 kilometers northeast of Kuala Lumpur. It is accessible by road (3.5 hours by road ex-KL) and by road/boat (6.5 hours ex-KL). This modern resort offers 100 guest rooms, suites and bungalows.
Rate includes daily return van shuttle service to Tembeling River (5 min). Participants walk over to Liana Floating Restaurant (3 min) to take a boat crossing the Tembeling River to Mutiara Taman Negara Resort (2 min) which is the conference venue. Please wear your APECO name tags when you are at the Conference Venue.
This resort comprising of chalets and modern dining facilities is sprawled over 4 acres at Kuala Tahan Village which is across the Tembeling River from Taman Negara National Park Base Camp. It is 70 kilometers north of Jerantut, 260 kilometers northeast of Kuala Lumpur. It is accessible by road (3.5 hours by road ex-KL) and by road/boat (6.5 hours ex-KL). This modern resort offers chalets and hostel accommodation to suit one's preference and budget.
Travellers Home has only 14 rooms located in Kg. Tekah, a Malay village just minutes away from Conference Venue. At Travellers Home, it is like home away from home. Lodgings - Family or Chalet, Low Density Occupancy. All rooms are air-conditioned.


For a while now, there have been troubles and uncertainty within Xerveo. See previous posts on them here and here. More recently there has been widespread panic and rumour spreading from the reps. A lot of infighting has been going on and many reps are jumping ship to other MLMs.
It has been hard to find anything official on the matter though so I have not said anything up until now.
On the 5th of November 2017, Paul Holtham put this document on his Facebook page without comment or explanation.
Paul Holtham is registered at Companies house as the director of Xerveo in the U.K.
The Trading Standards letter says that Paul is no longer the representative of Xerveo in the UK and all the reps are essentially out on their own now. This letter was dated 31st October and he must have been fired a while before that for it to be mentioned in a letter from the authorities.
Paul explains what happened here in a Facebook post without actually explaining anything.
It looks like he was fired. What for or why remains a mystery. If you were a rep with him when it collapsed, please let me know what you were told about the reason behind all this.
If anyone has any information on the rumours about Xerveo being merged with another MLM, I would love to see some evidence please.
If you intend to remain with the company, please read the Trading Standards letter and consider if you are willing to take on that level of responsibility.
If you are owed money for products you paid for and never got, consider talking to your bank/credit card company. A few reps have had their money refunded to them when they havenmt had their goods within 14 days.
If you are a rep who has decided to join another MLM, please be very careful in your choice. I have written an article aimed at helping you avoid the worst MLMs. Please have a look for some tips. Do not blindly follow your team. Consider your options carefully and independently of others.


Microsoft today announced that it will soon open two data center regions for its cloud-based services in Johannesburg and Cape Town South Africa. This marks Microsoft's first data center expansion into Africa, and the plan is to get these new regions online in 2018.
Like most of its other data centers around the world, these new regions will offer both Azure's suite of cloud computing tools for developers as well as productivity tools like Office 365 and Dynamics 365. With no data centers in the region, developers and other Microsoft customers currently have to connect to data centers in Europe and accept the increased latency that entails.
The addition of these two new regions brings Microsoft's total number of regions to 40, significantly more than its biggest competitors. As far as competing cloud platforms go, Google currently offers its developers access to eight regions (but has a plan to aggressively increase this number over the course of this year) and Amazon's AWS currently operates 16 regions and 42 availability zones.
It's worth noting that neither Google nor Amazon currently operate regions in Africa, though the number of data centers in the region that are being operated by other companies continues to increase rapidly.
Description Microsoft Office 365 is a cloud-based service that offers productivity software to its subscribers.


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General bacterial porins are a family of porin proteins from the outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria. The porins act as molecular filters for hydrophilic compounds. They are responsible for the 'molecular sieve' properties of the outer membrane. Porins form large water-filled channels which allow the diffusion of hydrophilic molecules into the periplasmic space. Some porins form general diffusion channels that allow any solute up to a certain size (that size is known as the exclusion limit) to cross the membrane, while other porins are specific for one particular solute and contain a binding site for that solute inside the pores (these are known as selective porins). As porins are the major outer membrane proteins, they also serve as receptor sites for the binding of phages and bacteriocins.

General diffusion porins usually assemble as a trimer in the membrane, and the transmembrane core of these proteins is composed exclusively of beta strands. It has been shown that a number of porins are evolutionarily related.

Structure of Porins

Porins are composed of β-strands, which are, in general, linked together by beta turns on the periplasmic side of the outer membrane and long loops on the external side of the membrane. The β strands lie in an antiparallel fashion and form a cylindrical tube, called a β-barrel[2]. The amino acid composition of the porin β-strands are unique in that polar and non-polar residues alternate along them. This means that the non-polar residues face outwards so as to interact with the non-polar lipid membrane, whereas the polar residues face inwards into the center of the β-barrel to form the aqueous channel. The phospholipids that comprise the outer membrane give it the same semi-permeable characteristics as the cytoplasmic membrane

The porin channel is partially blocked by a loop, called the eyelet, which projects into the cavity. In general, it is found between strands 5 and 6 of each barrel, and it defines the size of solute that can traverse the channel. It is lined almost exclusively with charged amino acyl residues arranged on opposite sides of the channel, creating a transversal electric field across the pore. The eyelet has a local surplus of negative charges from four glutamic acid and seven aspartic acid residues (in contrast to one histidine, two lysine and three arginine residues) is partially compensated for by two bound calcium atoms, and this asymmetric arrangement of molecules is thought to have an influence in the selection of molecules that can pass through the channel[3].

Some osmoporins, such as OmpC, forms a complex with alpha-helical transmembrane protein MlaA to maintain outer membrane lipid asymmetry.

Homologous Families
Three dimensional structural analyses show that there are many (at-least 48) other families which share sufficient sequence similarity to the General Bacterial Porin(GBP) family. are homologous in structure and function to General bacterial porin family. One such family is The Sugar Porin (SP) Family. (TC# 1.B.3) The SP family includes the well characterized maltoporin of E. coli for which the three-dimensional structures with and without its substrate have been obtained by X-ray diffraction. The protein consists of an 18 β-stranded β-barrel in contrast to proteins of the general bacterial porin family (GBP) and the Rhodobacter PorCa Porin (RPP) family(TC# 1.B.7)) which consist of 16 β-stranded β-barrels. Although maltoporin contains a wider beta-barrel than the porins of the GBP (TC# 1.B.1) and RPP families(TC# 1.B.7), it exhibits a narrower channel, showing only 5% of the ionic conductance of the latter porins.

The Rhodobacter PorCa Protein, the only well characterized member of the RPP family, was the first porin to yield its three-dimensional structure by X-ray crystallography. It has a 16-stranded β-barrel structure similar to that of the members of the GBP (TC #1.B.1) family. Paupit et al. (1991) presented crystal structures of phosphoporin (PhoE; TC# 1.B.1.1.2), maltoporin (LamB; TC# 1.B.3.1.1) and Matrixporin (OmpF), all of E. coli, and found these have 3-d folds similar to that of the Rhodobacter porin, PorCa. Structural and sequence analysis provide firm evidence that the GBP, SP and RPP families together with 44 additional families in TCDB belong to a single superfamily. However, we have been able to demonstrate homology between members of families GBP and RPP using statistical means (M. Saier, unpublished results).

Porin Superfamilies
General bacterial porin family belongs to Porin Superfamily I. The homologous families Sugar Porin(SP) family and Rhodobacter PorCa Porin (RPP) Family also belong to the Porin Superfamily I.

Subfamilies
Porin, Neisseria sp. type

References

Protein domains
Outer membrane proteins


Solid brass letter plate, fixes from behind allowing a completely plain face. Designed to be used in an upright (vertical) position on a panelled door. It has a strong spring at the top of the flap. Made in England.
It has a strong spring at the top of the flap.


The key to right clothing is matching the cloth with the occasion. Weddings in India are a huge deal. You will see people dressed up in traditional wear, especially the women. But, people in India wear the same outfit on different occasions. For instance, most women in India wear saris for special occasions as well as when in the beach or regular occasion. This isn't practical when you are traveling around India for fun and adventure. Paragliding in sari isn't that practical. Choose some of the best travel fashion apparel designs online with available Jabong Sale today.
The right clothes will make all the difference to comfort and practicality. Don't be shy to wear that swimwear in the beach or trekking suits when trekking in the Himalayas. Keep everything efficient and sage with the right clothes.
Wearing the right cloth for the occasion has nothing to do with culture. While some men and women in India may think that way, it isn't so. So keep that inhibition aside and enjoy your traveling around India wearing comfortable clothes. Wear sari while trekking if you like, but it can be impractical and dangerous. The same goes for men too. Dhoti or kurta –pyjama may not always be practical. Don't make a fuss about clothing and go with the flow to enjoy the best of India.
Weather in the Himalayas can be very tricky so make sure you have the right clothes. If it is cold in the morning then it doesn't mean it will stay that way. The best thing you can do is wear layers of clothes so that you can take them off or put them back as per the weather conditions. Make sure your backpack has essential things. Wear socks and shoes for good quality that will protect you from the cold and offer firmness while you are climbing.
India has many places for paragliding like the Solang valley in Manali. To enjoy your ride and stay safe you need the right clothes and footwear. Wear layers of clothes and a windproof jacket for better protection. Make sure your shoes are comfortable and wear socks, because it's cold in Manali. If you have ski suit then it is great. The waterproof jackets will protect you from the cold as well as occasional downpour. Paragliding is an adventure sports and quite fun. If you want to enjoy the experience to the fullest make sure you have all the essential clothing items with you. You can find amazing clothing options for travelling online with Snapdeal Coupons today.
You can enjoy ski diving sports adventure in many parts of India like Mysore, Dhana, Deesa, Puducherry and more. Loose fitting clothes and shoes are recommended for this adventure sports. Avoid wearing skirts or salwar suits, dresses or saris when sky diving. If you are going for sky diving in the summer then shorts and t-shirts are ideal for both men and women. During the winter jeans and pullovers will keep you warm as well as comfortable during the sky diving. You will be wearing jumpsuits over the clothes along with safety helmets and goggles.
Skiing is one of the best adventure sports in India. The northern India has some of the best destinations for skiing. Places like Auli, Gurmarg, and other snowy areas offer the perfect skiing experience. Make sure you are wearing enough warm clothes to keep the cold away. Layering is one of the best clothing advices for skiing sports. Wear woolen socks and thermal underwear to stay warm. Waterproof jacket is also essential. Cotton clothes will not be much of use.
Andaman and Lakshadweep islands are one of the top choices for scuba diving. Since you will be under water, it is advised to wear clothing items like swimsuits and shorts for both men and women. You can also wear dive-skin while scuba diving or snorkeling deep inside the sea. You will be provided with wet suit so it is important to wear something that will not interfere with your underwater adventure experience.
Wearing the right clothes is very important for enjoying any event, occasion or sports activities. The right clothes will make things easier and keep you comfortable while you are enjoying the event. Make sure to wear the right clothes and enjoy your activity.


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Einar Jónsson Sculpture MuseumJulie Lunde2022-03-30T14:54:33+02:00
Einar Jónsson Sculpture Museum
The Einar Jónsson Sculpture Museum opened in 1923 as the first public art museum in Iceland in its own distinct building. The museum's foundation however can be traced back to 1909. Today the museum is centrally located on a landmark hill (Skólavörðuholt) in Reykjavík, next to the iconic Hallgrímskirkja church.
Einar Jónsson (1874-1954) was Iceland's very first sculptor who donated his life's work to the Icelandic nation with strict stipulations that a museum was to be built to preserve his work for permanent display. The Icelandic Parliament accepted his gift in 1914 and contributed 1/3 of the funds needed for the construction of the building, the rest was raised through fundraising. The museum is a curious conglomerate of the original museum hall, the artist's many studio spaces, a small penthouse apartment and a sculpture garden with twenty-six bronze casts.
Einar Jónsson is also the author of many landmark monuments in Reykjavík and throughout the country, such as the statue of the first settler in Iceland, Ingólfur Arnarson and the statue of Jón Sigurðsson, who was a major proponent for Icelandic independence and located in front of Althingi, the parliament house. The works of Einar Jónsson are considered to be ground-breaking in Icelandic art history and his influence on the visual arts has been considerable. The museum holds close to 300 artworks, spanning Einar Jónsson's 60-year career; carvings from his youth, sculptures, paintings and drawings.
The building that houses the Einar Jónsson Sculpture Museum is considered to be the brainchild of the artist, his largest sculpture so to speak, although an architect worked alongside Einar Jónsson to fulfil his adventurous vision in practice. Today the building is protected as a listed structure.
The Einar Jónsson Sculpture Museum works with schools, universities, musicians and other public and private organizations aiming at developing a solid relationship between the museum and its public. The main role of the museum is to collect, preserve, educate and display the works of Einar Jónsson, alongside conducting research on his life and art.
An aura of mystery surrounds the museum. The mediation venues of the museum are severely restricted, legally, and financially. Furthering of knowledge based on primary evidence is however the museum's particular responsibility and it aims at reaching young people by offering them to have a voice in the interpretation of our collection through creative approaches that suits them. Museums have an important duty to develop their educational role as stated in the ICOM code of ethics and the Einar Jónsson Sculpture Museum aims to increase its interaction with their constituent community and promote its public heritage in collaboration with young people, with the aim of becoming more relevant.


New regulations good for markets and consumers It's hard to believe that 10 years have slipped by since 2008's financial crisis; the wounds are still fresh for many people. Jobs and homes were lost and even large corporations, seemingly immune to market hiccoughs, closed their doors. No-one would have predicted that behemoths like Lehman Brothers would file bankruptcy, and stalwarts like Merrill Lynch, AIG, and the Royal Bank of Scotland would need a bailout.
While it was a time of distress and disbelief for individuals and corporates alike, many of the initiatives that emerged in the aftermath have made the global financial system more resilient to systemic flaws. After the global meltdown in 2008, a flurry of legislation was passed to protect consumers and ensure that the gross misconduct by those in power could not be repeated. In this improved regulatory environment, more top-level firms are applying for appropriate licensing to give their clients reassurance. Following this trend, award-winning global forex broker FXTM applied for and earned its UK FCA licence, and opened its doors to traders on April 4th 2018.
Martin Couper, a director at FXTM, says, "Applying for the FCA licence was a logical next step for our brand. We are regulated in several jurisdictions, but the UK is an important milestone for us. We want our clients to have peace of mind knowing that they are dealing with a fully compliant and regulated broker." Another motivator, argues Couper, is the uncertainty around Brexit in terms of passporting rights between the EU and UK. "We applied for the licence even before the outcome of Brexit was known; we wanted to ensure that regardless of any decisions made, the services we provide to our customers remained consistent and uninterrupted." How international companies will operate post-Brexit is unclear, but applying for and being awarded the FCA licence helps ensure that it'll be business as usual. The FCA has its roots in the now-defunct Financial Services Authority.
The FSA was the judicial body responsible for the regulation of the financial services industry in the United Kingdom between 2001 and 2013. As a response to the financial crisis and the FSA's failure to mitigate it, the UK government disbanded the FSA and split its functions into two, more stringent, agencies: The PRA and the FCA. The Prudential Regulation Authority of the Bank of England is tasked with ensuring that banks operate with sufficient capital and liquidity. The remit of the Financial Conduct Agency (FCA) is to protect consumers who use financial services firms, primarily by enforcing corporate transparency and clearer communication.
Because regulators are now taking a much more active approach to vetting products and services, earning the appropriate licences is of the utmost importance to all financial services firms. The FCA licence represents the gold standard for firms looking to operate in the UK.
Over 56,000 business are currently registered with the FCA, along with 125,000 approved persons. Together they generate about 12% of the UK's GDP (gross domestic product). It's not an insular organisation, however. The FCA operates in close association with other regulatory bodies in Europe, particularly ESMA (European Securities and Markets Authority). This ensures that the standards applied in the UK are equally as rigorous and helpful to the consumer as those applied elsewhere in Europe.
FXTM already hold licences to operate in other jurisdictions: in Cyprus under CySEC (the Cyprus Securities and Exchange Commission) and in South Africa under the FSB (Financial Services Board). Being licensed in the UK broadens FXTM's scope and allows access to a wider market, as well as complementing its existing operations in Cyprus and other countries. As a brand, FXTM showed remarkable growth over the past 12 months, with a 77% year-on-year increase in client base and a 64% boost in active users.
NOTES TO EDITORS The FXTM brand provides international brokerage services and gives access to the global currency markets, offering trading in forex, precious metals, Share CFDs, ETF CFDs, and CFDs on Commodity Futures. Trading is available via the MT4 and MT5 platforms with spreads starting from just 1.3 on Standard trading accounts and from 0.1 on ECN trading accounts. Bespoke trading support and services are provided based on each client's needs and ambitions - from novices, to experienced traders and institutional investors. ForexTime Limited is regulated by the Cyprus Securities and Exchange Commission (CySEC), with licence number 185/12 and licensed by the SA FSB with FSP number 46614. Forextime UK Limited is licensed with the UK FCA, number 777911. FT Global Limited is regulated by the International Financial Services Commission (IFSC) with license numbers IFSC/60/345/TS and IFSC/60/345/APM.


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Lil Baby On Losing $600K with Drake, Meek Mill Early Co-sign & Documentary "Untrapped" | 360
Seth Rogen On Smoking With Jay Z, Kanye Reciting "Superbad" Mid-Workout & Houseplant Ceramics | 360
NAV On Making "Beibs In The Trap" in 15 mins, First Million at 27 & Outselling Yeat | 360
DJ Khaled On How To Get A Jay Z Verse, Obama Walking Out To All I Do Is Win & God Did
Rod Wave Talks Turning Down Drake Record, Stopping Sad Music & Beautiful Mind Album | Complex 360
Kanye West, Kim Kardashian, Justin Bieber, and the History of Complex Covers | Complex Turns 20!
JELEEL! BACKFLIPS THROUGH NYC!! | A DAY IN THE LIFE
The Game On Kim & Kanye Awkwardness, Jack Harlow's White Privilege & Being Best Rapper in the World
AEW Star Jade Cargill's Road to Double or Nothing PPV | Day in The Life
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Watch Drake Recreate 'Views' Cover by Performing on Replica CN Tower at Eighth Annual OVO Fest
Drake and company took to Toronto tonight to put on their eighth annual OVO Fest. The show took place in Toronto and saw performances from Partynextdoor, Majid Jordan, Roy Woods, Dvsn, and the anointed one himself, the ruler of the dominion known as the 6ix, Drake. OVO boss Drizzy also took the opportunity to announce that he is at work on a new album. The project will most likely be out next year.
In the eight years of OVO fest, there have been plenty of surprise guests. Back in 2011, Drake brought out the legend known as Stevie Wonder. The superstar performed a medley of "I Wish," "Ribbon in the Sky," "Signed, Sealed, Delivered," and "Superstitious." Rick Ross and the Weeknd also performed at the show that year.
In 2014 Lauryn Hill blessed the stage to perform her songs "Ready or Not" and "Lost Ones" and was joined by Drake to perform "Doo Wop" and "Draft Day." Kanye West was in attendance in 2013 to perform "New Slaves" and "All of the Lights."
At the first annual OVO Fest, back in 2010, Drake had Eminem and Jay Z come out.
The 5 Biggest Moments at Drake's OVO Fest So Far
For the latest OVO fest, which took place on August 7 at the Budweiser Stage in Toronto, Drake did it big by performing atop a replica of Toronto's famous CN Tower, impressively recreating the cover of his album Views. Drizzy also brought out Cardi B, who performed her hit track "Bodak Yellow." Drake also had previous nemesis Tory Lanez come out to perform his "Controlla" remix. Oh, and if that wasn't enough Migos, Playboi Carti, Travis Scott, French Montana, The Weeknd, Nelly, and Rae Sremmurd all hit the stage at the star studded show.
Check out some clips from the eighth annual OVO fest below.
NewsVideosComplex News VideosDrakeMigosOVO FestOVOTorontoTravis ScottMajid JordanpartynextdoorTory LanezComplex VideoRoy Wood$Cardi B


Fujitsu Limited and NPO SEEDS Asia announced that they will conduct a field trial in India that utilizes a Smartphone application, including augmented reality (AR) technology, to counter flooding and to raise citizens' disaster awareness. The field trial seeks to measure flood water levels and to map out and visualize conditions of urban flooding. The trial will be conducted in India's Varanasi, an urban area prone to flooding damage, between July and September 2018 when localized and torrential rains are frequent.
In India, flood damage in cities due to sudden rainstorms has become increasingly serious, demanding measures to accurately grasp the state of urban flooding and quickly deliver evacuation instructions. This field trial will use a Smartphone app and the support of the staff and students of seven local schools, students from Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi city residents from whom the District Disaster Management Authority has gained cooperation, and others, to measure the water level at 12 locations at regular intervals when it is raining. Furthermore, in addition to immediately displaying the measurement data on a map so that evacuation instructions can be quickly issued to residents, the system will be evaluated for its effectiveness in collecting disaster prevention information that can be used as a map indicating flooding danger zones.
Varanasi has seen average rainfalls in excess of 300 mm in July when rainfall volumes are heaviest, and as the city's terrain hinders drainage, damage done by frequent flooding has become a serious problem in the rainy season. In order to resolve these issues, Fujitsu and SEEDS Asia are jointly conducting a field trial which will leverage a Smartphone app, including AR technology, to measure flood water levels in an Indian city and visualize urban flooding. The system will be evaluated for its effectiveness in collecting information that would be useful in disaster prevention, such as in issuing evacuation directions to residents.
3. Roles: Fujitsu management of the field trial, development of the application, construction of the system, and visualization of measurement data.SEEDS Asia Supports for flood water level measurement using smartphones by high school staff and students, among others.


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Diridon Station Area, San Jose
New funding mechanisms will be needed to reach the goal in the Station Area Plan that 15% of new housing in the Diridon Station Area be affordable to low income residents.
Diridon is already a significant transit hub, with stops for Caltrain, Amtrak, VTA light rail and multiple bus lines, and the station is a planned stop for both BART's extension to San José and high-speed rail, making it a highly accessible and desirable location.
Existing community organizing among residents around issues like immigration may provide a base for organizing on issues related to housing and resisting displacement.
As investment continues flowing into the Diridon Station area, a citywide or urban village-specific public benefits zoning policy or similar policies may be the only way to avoid continued displacement.
Full Analysis File:
san_jose_final.pdf
Partner Link:
Working Partnerships USA
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Intro Text:
After years of city planning and redevelopment, the area around San Jose's Diridon Station is transforming into an affluent urban neighborhood. Redevelopment efforts of the 1980s displaced low income households and primed the land for the current development growth. Recently, activism around the Station Area plan has reignited the call for affordable housing, but its success would depend on the funding available in this post-redevelopment era.
Intro Image: