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Islam expelled from Spain
Findlay Dunachie (Glasgow) · Book reviews · Historical views · Middle East & Islamic
The Reconquest of Spain
D. W. Lomax
Longman, first published 1978
It is surprising to read (p. 179), "There seems to be no serious book in any language devoted to the history of the whole Reconquest," (at least when the book was published in 1978) despite the fact that it would seem to be the underlying theme of the history of the Middle Ages in the Peninsula, with the nice firm dates of 711-1492. The author commends O'Callaghan's A History of Medieval Spain.
Like everywhere else, from Persia to the Atlantic, Islam rolled unstoppably over the whole of Spain, except its tiny northern edge, probably leaving that out in favour of richer pickings in southern France. Even here, in Asturias, only active resistance to the Arabs ensured the survival of the tiny state and an early civil war amongst the Moslems led to the withdrawal of disaffected Berbers from northern territory which was then occupied by Christians.
The author claims, with some evidence, that quite early the ideal of Reconquest was the ambition of the Christian kings and people. However, the initial Ummayad emirate, subsequently caliphate, flourished until the end of, and particularly during, the tenth century, though the last caliphs were puppets. It is probably this period of the Muslim occupation that has been idealised as a time of toleration by Muslims of Christians and Jews, though these were definitely second-class citizens and persecution of them not unknown.
The break-up of the caliphate enabled the Christians to advance again, with some assistance from France; also the crusading ideal, though mainly focussed on Jerusalem, was some help, sometimes by crusaders en passant. The capitulation of Toledo, even though it remained something of an outpost, signalled this. However, about 1085, some of the Muslims, in desperation invited in from North Africa the Almoravids, a puritanical sect (often hated by the more liberal decadent Spanish Muslims) who, in the great battle of Sagrajas (1086) halted the reconquest. The Cid (1043-99) is of this period. Much of the time he as often served Muslim kings as Christian, but after capturing Valencia, "was the only Christian leader to defeat the Almoravids in battle in the eleventh century". (p. 74)
By this time the Christian states were Portugal, Leon-Castille (gradually united), Aragon and Navarre, sometimes allied, but more often not and generally with no scruples about fighting each other with Muslim allies. However, Aragon was pushing down the Ebro valley, taking Saragossa in 1118, though the Almoravids fought back successfully to prevent it reaching Valencia, which had been evacuated after the death of the Cid.
Like the Caliphate before them, the Almoravids disintegrated and were largely replaced, from 1157, by another sect from Africa, the Almohads, who soundly defeated the Castilians at Alarcos in 1195. This defeat seems to have first cowed then roused the Christians (particularly the Pope); finally Christians from all the Spanish kingdoms, and some from France, united in a campaign which won the decisive victory of Las Navas de Tolosa (1212). In the forty years after the battle the Almohad empire broke into pieces which were annexed by" Castile and Aragon. Vital cities – such as Cordova (1236) and Seville (1248) – passed permanently into Christian hands so that "by 1252 the whole of the Peninsula was nominally under Christian suzerainty" (p. 129), though this, of course, did not mean the end of Muslim kingdoms.
The pace of reconquest slowed down, initially as a result of another transfusion from Africa, the Marinids, who, however, could only defend the Muslim rump. In 1340, at Tarifa, their sultan was decisively defeated and no successor state in Africa invaded Spain again. Muslim Spain survived as Granada for another 150 years, the Christians occupying much of the time fighting and rebelling against each other. One is forced to add: when they should have been completing the Conquest. The process, when it happened, certainly united Spain. In the end, "Fernando and Isabel could cure one crisis in 1481 simply by setting the war-machine to work once more to conquer Granada." (p. 178)
The author, at his Conclusion makes the persuasive claim that "Only Spain [and also, I suppose to a lesser extent Portugal, which he does not mention] was able to conquer, administer, Christianize and europeanize the populous areas of the New World precisely because during the previous seven centuries her society had been constructed for the purpose of conquering, administering, Christianizing and europeanizing the inhabitants of al-Andalus." (p. 178) As so often in books published from the 1970s on, the maps leave much to be desired; certainly places are mentioned in the text which are not to be found on them.
Two days after I had finished this book I listened to a discussion on "Cordovan Spain" under Melvyn Bragg's chairmanship on Radio 4. The three other participants were Tim Winter, a Muslim convert, of the Faculty of Divinity, Cambridge University, Mary Nickman, a Jewess (carefully correcting herself from AD to Common Era) and an executive director of the Maimonides Foundation, and Martin Palmer, whose voice was not to me sufficiently distinguishable from the first, an Anglican lay preacher and theologian, and author of A Sacred History of Britain. Although the consensus was largely positive about the Ummayad regime, and their tone "multicultural" in the modern sense, the first two did seem to agree that the three religions, while coexisting, did not indulge in dialogue, let alone interpenetrate. This confirms an episode mentioned in the book, that even when promised immunity in a bilateral debate, a Christian was executed "when he expressed his real opinion of Mohammed". (p. 23) Nor was the Koran translated into Latin "until the twelfth or thirteenth century", someone said in the discussion. Needless to say, the rosy view of Muslim Spain did not take into account that the Muslim conquest fatally disrupted Mediterranean civilization, the burden of Pirenne's Mohammed and Charlemagne. To pick up the shards and pass a few of them on does not strike me as a very large recompense.
October 12th, 2003 | 13 comments - (Comments are closed)
The Fall of the Old Liberal Order
Findlay Dunachie (Glasgow) · Book reviews · Historical views · North American affairs
The Age of Reagan: I 1964 –1980
Steven F. Hayward
Prima Lifestyles, 2001
This is a very long book (718 pages + another 100 pages of notes etc.) and it is somewhat daunting to realise that in due course a second volume will come to complete the story. It might be as well to say that this is emphatically not a biography, not even a political biography; the title and the sub-title The Fall of the Old Liberal Order make this clear. It is more a history of the times, from the anti-Goldwater landslide of 1964 to the Reagan landslide of 1980. The cumulative impression of the book itself is its richness and how its detail ministers to its analysis.
And it is a sorry, not to say a frightening tale, telling as it does of the collapse of American self-confidence and the rise of the counter-culture of self-hatred amongst its elite. The narrative is admittedly partisan, but at the very least a case that needs to be put. As for the Presidents of the period, Hayward's judgements are that Johnson was irresolute, reacting to events minimally, Nixon misguided, obsessive and unfortunate, Ford a mere stopgap and Carter simply disastrous. All of them seemed to have underestimated Soviet malevolence and overestimated Soviet stability; for the latter the intelligence services seem to have been especially at fault.
For anyone who has been misled into thinking that Reagan was an intellectual nullity, here is ample evidence that he was an independent and original thinker, often insisting on keeping to his own line or script in face of criticism from his advisers and speechwriters. Many of his statements, which at the time seemed naive, questionable, wrongheaded or too extreme now seem merely farsighted. He was also optimistic about America and had no time for any rationale for its decline, such as Kissinger, student of the rise and fall of European states, believed in, or at least feared. Nor was he put off by the "complexity" arguments of those who despised him for his simple attitude to problems and their solutions. Some of his difficulties with his own advisers and supporters lay in persuading them that this attitude could be made plausible to the public as electorate.
As much as the first two thirds of the book, however, has little mention of Reagan, for it is a history of how the US got into the messes that Reagan, it is fair to say, rescued it from. By far the biggest mess, which he was too late to do anything about, was, of course, the Vietnam War and it is quite plain that the left-leaning media and intellectuals, combined with political ineffectiveness and downright ignorance, contributed overwhelmingly to its being lost. To illustrate US political masochism: the two "war pictures" that had the greatest negative impact on home support – execution of the Vietcong prisoner and the napalmed little girl – won Pulitzer Prizes for the photographers.
It is not exactly necessary to be reminded, but it is necessary to bear in mind that it was under two Democrat Presidents, Kennedy and Johnson, that the US entered and enmeshed itself in the Vietnam "quagmire" (though this is not a term I recall being used by the author). The muddled, incremental escalation of the conflict by Johnson is described in Ch 4. It was also a Democrat Congress, not the President, the hapless Ford, that abandoned the South Vietnamese, even refusing to supply them arms.
Even more so was Cambodia betrayed, and the dignified reproaches of their leaders, as they refused the offer of evacuation by the American ambassador, to face certain death, make sad reading (p. 408). It is a terrible comment on what the consensus was that Reagan's characterisation of the US effort in Vietnam as a "noble cause" was regarded as eccentric and chauvinist, just as later was "evil empire" (but for the latter's vindication see The Week, 15/2/02, p. 13).
All through the account is woven the political manoeverings of various, almost forgotten presidential hopefuls and their minions. The ups and downs of Reagan's two bids for the Republican nomination and the campaign that won him the Presidency, are given in great detail. On the other hand, his two terms as Governor of California are more lightly sketched in (or are perhaps less memorable). A fine book, which should be better known.
October 10th, 2003 | 6 comments - (Comments are closed)
Global capitalism is good
Findlay Dunachie (Glasgow) · Book reviews · Economics, Business & Globalization
In Defence of Global Capitalism
Johan Norberg
Cato Institute, 2003
Another welcome book in the Simon, Lomborg line, this time from Sweden, an auspicious sign. The Preface was reprinted in Liberty, where I first read it and where it makes a good summary of the argument of the book. In 1988 when the author was 16, his party – the Anarchists – got the largest percentage of votes, 25%, in the school mock-election, running an agin-the-government campaign. His position has changed somewhat – capitalism has difficulty working without a legal system and transparency in transactions – but is basically the same.
He starts by insisting that over the past three or four decades things have got better, particularly in the poorer "developing" countries. Income per capita has increased and mortality been reduced. This he ascribes to opening of the countries concerned to "the market", both internal and external. He is, moreover, strongly against national barriers, not merely to trade, but also to migration, though here he doesn't take into account our xenophobia. The case against tariffs is succinctly put by the quotation: "Either a branch of enterprise is profitable, in which case it deserves no tariff protection; or else it is unprofitable, in which case it deserves no tariff protection (p. 152)."
Although not explicitly against the EU as such, his analysis of its CAP agricultural subsidies and protectionism (pp. 148-) is damning, and it is even more shaming that so-called pro-Third World anti-globalisation protesters do not target them.
There is a separate chapter on "The African Morass" (p. 98-) where per capita GDP has actually decreased since the '60s, though I think the statement that "The African countries have inherited a hierarchic, repressive political structure from the colonial powers" needs to be modified: what they did inherit, according to Bauer, was a late move to a command economy and a socialist intellectual outlook. The situation has been exacerbated by international aid, and debt cancellation would only be an encouragement of the behaviour that brought the bankruptcy about
The author refutes the prevalent belief that world inequality is growing, either between (p. 53) or within countries. He also points out that social mobility means that "the poor" are not the same people from one year to the next (p. 76). This, incidentally, is the factor most frequently, in fact always, omitted from discussions on poverty, whether absolute or relative; in fact, only 4% of the US population remain in the "poor" bracket (20%) for as long as two years, though some will remain longer.
The case for environmental optimism
Findlay Dunachie (Glasgow) · Book reviews · Science & Technology
The Skeptical Environmentalist
Cambridge University Press, 2001
This is not exactly a book of surprises for me, since I have read Julian Simon, Donald Bailey, et al., but apparently it has caused a stir and much hostility, which I can only assume is because all the other sources haven't attained the same (desired) publicity. It is a big book – 352 pages plus 160 pages of notes etc., divided into six sections:
The Litany – the media consensus that things are getting worse. Lomborg sets out to counter this in his section "Things Are Getting Better" and examines "Why Do We Hear So Much Bad News?"
Human Welfare – population, life expectancy, food stocks, general prosperity, leading to the conclusion: unprecedented human prosperity.
Can Human prosperity Continue? The "Are we living on borrowed time?" worry, is answered reassuringly in the sections following on food, forests, energy and raw materials, water.
Pollution – air pollution (decreasing in the developed countries, correlated with increased prosperity), acid rain (a false scare), indoor air pollution (greater everywhere than outdoors, resulting in allergies and asthma), water pollution (exaggerated and decreasing), waste disposal (not a problem as far as enough space is concerned).
Tomorrow's Problems – exaggerated fears over chemicals and pesticides causing cancer etc., also over biodiversity loss and species extinction, the last from figures grabbed from the air, and a long section of global warming (pp. 258-324). This may be the section that has caused most trouble. Lomborg does not deny that "anthropogenic" additional carbon dioxide may have caused, be causing or will cause global warming but he does make clear the variation possible and the excessively alarmist nature of some of the forecasts. He also points out that money spent on reducing the earth's temperature could be better spent and that the dislocation of the world economy would reduce the expanding prosperity that makes possible the necessary efficiency needed to bring about the desired results.
The Real State of the World is a generally hopeful one, basically summarising the message of the rest of the book and including a section on GM foods. There is also a discussion of the costs of protection measures; thus the Environmental Protection Agency (in the US) spends $21.4 billion to save 592,000 life-years (though how this figure was attained isn't clear to me). A Harvard study estimates that 1,230,000 life-years could be saved for the same money. This is a good source-book, with something interesting on every page. I find it pretty convincing.
October 6th, 2003 | 9 comments - (Comments are closed)
Gender wars among the warriors
Findlay Dunachie (Glasgow) · Book reviews · Military affairs
The Kinder, Gentler Military: Can America's Gender-Neutral Fighting Force Still Win Wars?
Stephanie Gutmann
Scribner, 2000
First published in 2000, nothing could better illustrate the subordination of the military to the civil power than this account, by a woman journalist, of the submission of the male-oriented former to the feminist-dominated latter. Since it is modern political dogma that men and women are equal, the recruitment of women into the fighting forces becomes obligatory. This book is a description of how this is done, and what happens afterwards. As yet, the result has barely been tested in battle conditions, so the problems are being confronted in peacetime.
There is ample evidence that if physical equality was the criterion, few women would qualify – after training intensively, a batch of women, in it for the experiment (not recruits), reached the standard of the weakest males (p. 251). At the same time as trying to pretend that females could be the equivalent of males in tough fighting with enemies out to kill them, they were presumed so vulnerable that they needed protection from all forms of harassment by their comrades, which meant that the sexes couldn't really interact – and when harassment changed into acceptable behaviour, that was just as bad – the pregnancy rate soared.
There is a long account and analysis of the notorious "Tailhook" party in 1991, post-Gulf (pp. 156-188) "when we had finally gotten over Vietnam" which led to numerous dismissals of top airforce brass and a greatly lowered morale of the rest, resulting in a haemorrhaging of disgusted qualified pilots, at a cost of $lm each for training. This was ostensibly about harassment, though most of the women present could either take care of themselves, expected what they got or went there to get it. Even during a rowdy "gauntlet", when someone shouted "I've lost my pager", everything stopped until it was found. The woman who led the complaints benefited to the tune of $5+m – and left the service. After Tailhook, everything was about gender, … [it was] the worst event for the Navy since Pearl Harbor."
Of course, the whole burden of the book is that the US armed forces are not being treated by Congress and the media as a fighting force whose efficiency is paramount, but as a section of society which can be moulded into something with quite a different agenda from fighting and killing, though what that is is difficult to define – that men and women are basically equal and if it doesn't always work out that way, it's the men's fault.
The book ends with a series of recommendations, granted that the forces should remain open to women:
Eliminate recruiting quotas for women;
Have separate-sex "boot camp" training;
Have high and equal standards there;
Restore "openness" and be frank about the problems, not just put them down to "sexism";
Exonerate the personnel victimised after Tailhook ("Witchook");
Separate the social service personnel from the fighting forces;
Copy the practice of Marines, who seem to have fought through the "gender" nonsense largely unscathed.
An Unconventional Economist who underestimated himself
A Life Against the Grain: The Autobiography of an Unconventional Economist
Julian L. Simon
Transaction, 2002, hardback
This is a posthumously published work:
Julian Simon died suddenly and, according to the doctor's report, instantly of his first and only heart attack on February 8th, 1998. He had just returned from a trip to Spain where he had been awarded an honorary degree from the University of Navarre. He was in very good spirits and showed no signs of fatigue or illness.
So runs the initial "Comment" by his widow, Rita J. Simon. I had wondered how he died, having learnt, with regret, the fact from the mention in a Laissez-Faire Books Catalogue, and even feared that, given his history of depression, he might have committed suicide, a fear justified by his admission in this book that he had contemplated doing so while in depression, being prevented by thoughts of his family responsibilities.
The Autobiography of an Unconventional Economist, as the work is subtitled, had been finished, apparently over a year before, in a much longer form (900 pages – though whether they are equivalent to the page size of this 359 page book is not indicated) and has been edited by his widow, with acknowledged support. There may have been a misprint or two I have forgotten, but the only obvious textual fault is not filling in internal references to other chapters, which are left as 00, awaiting specification in the final revision. There is an unfulfilled promise of a bibliography of JLS's publications in the text, but not even a normal list of previous titles at the beginning. His death date is not given on the reverse of the title page, with the usual guff there. All this said (at perhaps unnecessary length) I must say that the book is a very interesting one, less so perhaps for its ideas – these are in his other books – than for information on the personality of its author, though even here there is a possibly involuntary veil of reticence. I hasten to add that I don't just mean about sex, a rather welcome exclusion, but rather why he feels dissatisfied with himself. He obviously had a happy marriage and his three children grew up satisfactorily (Ch 17); he had no money troubles and always did the job he liked or, if it wasn't suitable, changed it.
Although his reassuring ideas about world resources and the environment had not gained widespread acceptance by the time he died, he does not seem to bear ill will to anyone. He may have thought that he didn't manage his life effectively – but this would conflict with his propensity to work at whatever took his interest. This gives an episodic feel to about the first two thirds or so of the book; when is the action really going to start? → Continue reading: An Unconventional Economist who underestimated himself
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How do you make these flavors?
We use real stuff to make our flavors: real spices, real ground beet, and real bubblegum!
Well, that's not a question, but fine. We started this family-owned company in Lakewood, CO because we want to share our interesting take on flavored coffee with all of you. we were bored with what we saw on shelves and knew that people are looking for adventurous and exciting flavors. We hope you like them.
Great question. We think that our offerings would make an exciting new option on a retail shelf, a colorful and culinary new way to pair your coffee with dessert in a restaurant, and a vibrant addition to your local coffee shop. Send us a note if you want to add some surprisingly delicious coffees to your menu or shop.
How should I brew your brews?
We like to use 2 Tablespoons of coffee for every 8 oz of water, but you do you. some of our flavors may take a little bit more time to brew than your normal grind.
the red espresso is custom ground to brew in both personal and commercial makers. prepare to your own strength preference.
our bubble gum flavor contains real bubblegum and will melt during a standard brew. it won't damage your equipment, but it can be a pain to clean if you have a permanent coffee filter or a french press. Paper filters work great!
Does Golden Milk contain any dairy?
We can see why you might ask that, but no. Golden Milk is a very old recipe that inspired the flavor so we named our coffee after it.
reach out to us on our contact page if you have a question that we did not answer above.


Manchester United are close to securing Aston Villa midfielder Ashley Young for £15 million according to reports on the back pages.
The England winger's agent is believed to be hammering out a deal at Old Trafford tonight with the 25-year-old reported to be keen to finalise his move to the Premier League champions before his weeding this weekend.
Young's agent, Eric Walters, was spotted at Old Trafford earlier in the week after Aston Villa agreed to allow the player, who is out of contract next summer, to speak to United.
If the transfer is completed it will mark a double whammy for Liverpool who also lost out to United for Blackburn Rovers defender Phil Jones and now look set to see long-term target Young head to Old Trafford too.
United are also in the process of signing David De Gea from Atletico Madrid which, if and when Young arrives, will bring their summer spending to £50 million.


The GlenAllachie Distillery, located in Aberlour, Scotland. A distillery with a fabulous core range. A ranch everyone was excited about the last couple of weeks and still are for those who are still dreaming about their very first GlenAllachie nip. Dreams must come true, to make more space for new dreams or should I say; Drams.
Finish: Warm, long, pleasant and hanging in there.
All stunning whiskies to built your own elegant evening with. My favorite is the GlenAllachie 18 yr, because of the lingering effect in the mouth, pure and with an elegant soul.
This entry was posted in Press Releases, Whisky Adventure, Whisky News and tagged Glenallachie, Scotland, The Whisky Wire by Femke Tijtsma Sijtsma. Bookmark the permalink.


The Founder and leader of The Synagogue, Church of All Nations,Pastor T.B. Joshua touched down in Tanzania November 3rd.
Pastor T.B joshua was welcomed at the airport by the President Elect, Johnn Magufili.
After few hours of reaching the country on Tuesday,he has met the three most important political figures in Tanzaian.
John Magufuli, the President-Elect, Jakaya Kikwete, the outgoing President and Edward Lowassa, the former Prime Minister and opposition leader.
However, a government source has revealed that the Nigerian Pastor's uncanny influence in the East African nation did not just begin during the recently held elections.
"Our new President, John Magufuli, visited T.B. Joshua in Nigeria long before he even nursed a presidential ambition," explained Eng. Ngimbwa, chairperson of the Tanzanian Contractors Registration Board.
As Tanzania's industrious Minister of Works, Magufuli visited The Synagogue, Church Of All Nations (SCOAN) in Lagos, Nigeria with his family in 2011, evidenced by a picture which surfaced on social media showing the Tanzanian politician holding hands with Joshua in the cleric's office.
He has since remained a staunch supporter of the Nigerian and partner to Joshua's popular television station Emmanuel TV.
Magufuli's emergence as the presidential candidate for Tanzania's ruling party CCM was a surprise to both local and international observers, given the more prominent and popular figures he ran against.
Intriguingly, Lowassa is also an outspoken supporter of Joshua, having visited Nigeria to meet the 'prophet' on several occasions.
A photo of the former Prime Minister attending one of Joshua's services in 2012 was widely circulated in Tanzania.
Several commentators have inferred that Joshua may play some reconciliatory role on his first visit to the East African nation, given the palpable tension that still exists in the aftermath of the closely fought elections.
Lowassa's opposition CHADEMA party have insisted the election was won on fraudulent grounds, refusing to accept the electoral announcement of Magufuli's victory.
"If there's anyone who can bring peace to the warring politicians at this time, its Pastor Joshua," one Tanzanian blogger wrote while sharing the story of the cleric's arrival, which saw the President-Elect waiting to meet him at the airport.
A tweet from Magufuli's official Twitter account acknowledged that Joshua will be in Tanzania for the presidential inauguration on Thursday 5th November 2015 although it is unclear if he will play any role in the ceremony.
His visit has sparked huge interest on African social media, especially since it is the first time the cleric has been seen in public since a crusade he held in Mexico in May 2015 which had over 150,000 in attendance.
"T.B. Joshua's visit to Tanzania can only be a blessing to our nation," wrote Geoffrey Kapuliya, a Tanzanian pastor, on Facebook.
A video on YouTube shows outgoing Tanzanian President Jakaya Kikwete escorting Joshua around the Tanzanian State House and introducing him to the country's ministers.
Tanzanian politicians are not the first in Africa to have sought the spiritual guidance of the unconventional pastor.
The late Ghanaian President John Atta-Mills described himself as 'a member' of The SCOAN and publicly testified that Joshua 'prophesied' his ascension to power.
Similarly, Zimbabwean Prime Minister Morgan Tsvangarai visited Joshua's church in Nigeria on several occasions as did former Malawian President Joyce Banda and late Zambian President Frederick Chiluba.
Joshua allegedly played a role in the successful transition of power in Nigeria's recent election. He claimed to have told outgoing President Goodluck Jonathan that his 'regime had come to an end', advising him to peacefully concede power.
His television station Emmanuel TV is one of the most popular in Africa, amassing 250,000 subscribers on YouTube.
There is a place right now, where people of all nationalities meet. They come from Russia, UK, America, Africa, Britian, France, etc.
The true power of the spirit world is demonstrated in its purest form.
See it happening 24hrs a day, 7 days a week. Here you will also learn why you must not pay for Spiritual healings. It is written : "Freely the gift of healing is given to you, freely it must be given to those that need it".
I have seen everyone with psychological disorders healed very rapidly.
There are too many human problems that science cant cure but they will accept the case anyway and make money out of the suffering. What is the root cause of psychological problems ?
Thank youTb Joshua for coming out country is free from war.good morning.I am free also.free to every Tz.halleluya .
This Man is from God,His massage is True,believe Him.
God is still speaking, if u can't beat them, join them.
I really give thanks to God Almighty to his servant senior prophet TB joshua, am humbled to see him visiting other countries and great men on earth.
we Praise God for His work done through Prophet T.B.Joshua.. Gods power is obviously above every Power,,, Tanzania thank you for receiving the Prophet for you will receive the Prophets reward….
I bless the name of the Lord for giving us a man of God like TB JOSHUA who is a blessing to this generation. We love you man of God.Please we need you in Kenya.Be blessed together with your family.
karibu pia kenya nabii wa mungu shukrani.
The own word love you T B Joshua . You are God sent. God bless you for ever.
Wow ! Wow ! Once again Science is put to shame. View The TB Joshua 2016 Korea miracles on YouTube and Dstv CH360. The evidence that GOD "so loved the world" cannot be disputed. What greater modern day evidence of GODS love for the world through Jesus Christ.
Science has brought is much suffering through medicine and Evolution. Look at the powerful, practical solutions Jesus is demonstrating in 2016.
Glory to God…! Please Baba Prophet TB Joshua say something to Tanzania…. We love you.
Man of God welcome to our neighbourhood, Kenyans who has visited you are also blessed. Kenyan leaders believe in prophets and we shall prosper as a nation.
We love you man of God. We shall continue asking God for more grace upon your life. Live long and run the race well. God bless you.
Thank very much for visiting us. Would you get time to pray with us. Where and when. Please let us know.
What happened at Columbia stadium ?
After prayer with Prophet T.B. Joshua, testimonies flooded the stadium. There was a young man was shot in the arm and fractured it. He had to wear an arm sling around his neck in order to support the arm because he couldn't move his arm or fingers. After the prayer of Prophet TB Joshua, this young man took off his bandaged arm and sling, and instantly he started moving his fingers and hand. Praise the Lord! Another man was carried down on a mat because he was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis which made it impossible for him to walk. After prayer, he was asked to STAND UP AND WALK, and what do you know, he got up from his mat and started walking! GLORY! These are just two of the many testimonies that happened. Our God is limitless, he doesn't just heal 2, he gives healing to ALL who believe and want it.
Saturday was definitely a night to remember! More than 45,000 people gathered at the stadium. In fact, so many people heard about the Crusade and the wonderful miracles and testimonies that happened the night before, that we couldn't fit all the people in the stadium! Yes, there was absolutely no room for them to be in the building. So a few more thousand of people stood in line on the streets, without a screen or a chair to sit on, to watch the service. During worship, many people had started their deliverance. Darkness couldn't stand the power and presence of God in that place…and wanted to leave, and left many shaking and screaming as they were fleeing and setting the captives free. Oh, how glorious that was! There is power in the name of Jesus!
GOOD MORNING PROPHET.MAY THE LORD BLESS YOU AND GIVE YOU MANY MANY MORE YEARS.YOU ARE A BLESSING TO ALL NATIONS.INDEED YOU ARE THE PROPHET OF END TIME.
WE NEED YOUR PRAYER MAN OF GOD.
We love you man of God. beter is not enough the is yet to come. may Almighty God keep you for more generations to come.
We love you very much man of God. May God bless you as you visit Kenya next time.
We love very much man of God. May God bless you as you visit Kenya next round.


Canadian Charities Conducting Foreign Activities: Compliance Requirements.
Mark Blumberg will also discuss recent developments from the CRA relating to Canadian registered charities.
A light dinner will be provided at 6:00 PM, followed by Mark's presentation at 6:30 PM in room 1MS16. Please email if you have dietary restrictions and we will do our best to accommodate you.
Mark Blumberg is a partner at the law firm Blumberg Segal LLP (Blumbergs) in Toronto and works almost exclusively advising non-profits and registered charities on their work in Canada and abroad. Mark has written numerous articles, and is a frequent speaker on legal issues involving charity and not-for-profit law and is the editor of www.CanadianCharityLaw.ca andwww.globalphilanthropy.ca™ – Canadian websites dedicated to news about the Canadian charitable sector as well as legal and ethical issues for Canadian charities operating in Canada or overseas.
A member of the Charities Directorate Technical Issues Working Group, Mark has a B.A. in Political Science from the University of Toronto, an LLB from the University of British Columbia and a LLM from Osgoode Hall Law School in Tax Law.
Ontario PGT bulletin entitled Charitable Fundraising: Tips for Directors and Trustees.


text:
require 'test/unit'

class TC_Time_Year_InstanceMethod < Test::Unit::TestCase
   def setup
      @time = Time.mktime(2007, 6, 29)
   end

   def test_year_basic
      assert_respond_to(@time, :year)
      assert_nothing_raised{ @time.year }
      assert_kind_of(Integer, @time.year)
   end

   def test_year
      assert_equal(2007, @time.year)
      assert_equal(2007, Time.mktime(2007).year)
      assert_equal(1970, Time.mktime(1970).year)
      assert_equal(2004, Time.mktime(2004, 2, 29).year)
      assert_equal(2007, Time.mktime(2007, 2, 29).year)
   end

   def test_year_expected_errors
      assert_raise(ArgumentError){ @time.year(1) }
      assert_raise(NoMethodError){ @time.year = 1 }
   end

   def teardown
      @time = nil
   end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Black Friday marks the beginning of Holiday shopping. Here at Golden Woofs, Black Friday is the beginning of Holiday pet gifts giveaways.
Loving Pets Bella dog bowl giveaway kicked off our pre-Black Friday giveaway. Join and enter the giveaway on our post, Must Have Loving Pets Bella Dog Bowl.
Our special Black Friday giveaways are provided by Flagology and Look Whos Happy.
Flagology is an on-line flag store where you can create a custom garden flag of your dog. Golden Love Sugar's flagology garden flag. Read our post, Make A Custom Garden Flag Of Your Pet for more information about Flagology.
Look Who's Happy are natural dog treats and crafted from healthy ingredients. These treats will definitely put a smile on your dog's face.
What Holiday present(s) do you plan to give to your pet?
Many refer to Black Friday as the kickoff to holiday shopping. Don't forget your furry friend!
Put a SMILE on your Dog with Look Who's Happy tasty dog treats.
Nourish your dog with Caru Natural Stews. Your dog will love its homemade taste. If you missed our review of Caru, we invite you to read 10 Reasons Why Caru Natural Stews For Dogs is Nourish with Love.
Follow the giveaway tools. We are drawing 5 winners for each giveaway.
The big luggage is out.
Where are we going? Where's my luggage?
Mom is packing for 5th BlogPaws Conference, a social media conference for pet enthusiasts.
Why is she attending Blog Paws conference? One reason is to network and connect with other bloggie friends and other pet enthusiast. Another reason is to learn more about blogging, social media and other resources to assist mom to bring our blog to the next level. Whatever that means….. For the past years, BlogPaws got lots of buzz as a MUST conference to attend by pet enthusiasts. Mom is excited as a 1st timer attendee and at the same time nervous.
So what has she done to prepare … 3 Things Mom Has Done To Prepare For Blogpaws.
1) Packed some casual attires which means jeans and shirts. Mom finally printed the design she created to commemorate my adventure life in HI. Of course, the front of the shirt will have our blog name, Golden Woofs, Sugar The Golden Retriever.
2) She packed some business cards of our blog and our online shop. Our blog business card is double sided. On the back side, mom used our FB timeline cover photo and also a list our social media information. Mom is also bringing hard copies of her book, Sugar's Furry Friend which is now available in Amazon.
Oooops! The giveaway is 2 Golden Woofs: Sugar's HI T-shirts.
It comes in two styles, fitted and regular(loose), in 3 sizes S, M, L and in Black, Gray or Brown.
To join the giveaway just indicate on your comment below.
The shirt is for human … just helping mom model it.
Soon, this shirt will be available for sale in our on-line shop, Sugar's Paw House.
Make sure to check back on Monday as we got another giveaway.
Also, I invite you to check our Tasty Tuesday post. Mom made a special treat that had me SMILE and for sure you will too once you see/read our post.
The tag can be used as a regular pet tag or as an accessory for your key chain or bag or luggage.
Oh use a red string and it can be a great holiday ornament.
task #1 You MUST be a SUBSCRIBER of my BLOG. So if you are not a subscriber, on my side bar box under Follow my Blog, enter your email address. You must confirm your email address in order to qualify for the giveaway.
#2 Leave a comment that you want to participate on the giveaway.
#1 and #2 tasks are Mandatory.
as always LOVE to hear from you.
Golden Surprise when we received an email invitation to try out the new 6ft retractable leash from Flexi. WHY? we never used a retractable leash. Yes, you read it right … never had a retractable leash.
Since mom got me (10 years ago), I only had 2 leather leashes 12 ft 1 inch wide and 6ft 2 inches wide. It was suggested and recommended by my trainers. Both of my leashes are still in great condition. We often use the 6ft 2inches wide. I'm proud to say that I am well trained when we go for a walk/run. I heel at all times.
So using a retractable leash was something new to my mom and I.
She read the instruction on the box and on Flexi website.
She also watched a short video how to operate the Flexi leash.
Here I am in the backyard trying out the retractable leash. Unfortunately, the safety collar did not fit my neck so mom just attached the Flexi hook directly on the d ring of my harness. Mom and I walked around the backyard testing how to operate the leash, specifically the stop, brake and release controls. What we like is the 6ft length … just enough length. We are ready to test Flexi leash on our walk in the park.
Here I am at my favorite park. We went for a mini hiking adventure.
and was able to attached the Flexi leash hook.
At first, my mom was uneasy using the Flexi leash but after getting use it she got comfortable. She had to stop and say the word "go" to me so I can walk in front of her. Cool! I was able to sniff lots of stuff on the ground … that was FUN. Mom saw a small animal (a frog Ribbit!!!), she immediately called me and the retractable leash did an awesome job as I walked towards my mom.
Also, on our walk many walkers/hikers use the same leash but they were not being responsible dog owners. I think the thin cord of the leash makes some dogs feel as though they aren't actually on a leash, and as a result, the dogs go everywhere and do whatever. From this we believe that a retractable leash is not for everyone.
at the same time feels as if I am close to my mom.
My mom felt that the handle/grip is a bit big since she has petite hands. She wishes the handle and the width of the leash come in different sizes.
A width of 1 1/2 to 2 inches will be great.
All in all, I give this 6ft Flexi Leash 3 Golden Paws out of 4.
It is a leash we will be using on our mini hikes and short relaxed walks.
I had a Golden Delightful mini hiking adventure.
Lots of Golden Thanks Flexi.
Do you want to try Flexi Leash?
We are using a new system, Rafflecopter to manage all the entries.
If you are participating, the First 3 Tasks is a MUST (mandatory).
You MUST be a follower of my blog, visit Flexi website and leave a comment after this post. Make sure you click on "I DID THIS" on the Rafflecopter box and provide your name/email. All other entries on the box are just an additional entry/chance to win. Giveaway ends on Saturday, Sept. 24 at 12:01am.
We (SGR) are not compensated on this product review and giveaway.
would love to know if you use a retractable leash.
We saw many SUNFLOWERS on our mini hike … want to share a photo.


On offer we have 20/202-206 Fryar Road, a 9 year old, 3 bedroom townhouse in a gated community walking distance to everything. Downstairs you will find a open planned, tiled, dinning and lounge area with air conditioning overlooked by the well appointed kitchen with dishwasher, with walk through to the laundry and downstairs toilet; both the laundry and dining / meals area lead outside to the fully fenced private court. Upstairs you will find 3 bedrooms, all bedrooms have built in wardrobes, and the master bedroom has a walk in robe and an ensuite and the main bathroom has a separate shower and bath. The property is currently tenanted until the third of October 2018 at $335/week, body corporate fees including sinking fund contributions are roughly $750/quarter. The complex is gated for extra security and privacy and also features a communal swimming pool with BBQ area. Furthermore there is a on-site manager / caretaker to maintain the complex for residents and guests to enjoy.


text:
Susu Money Turn > Blog > Uncategorized > highest followers on instagram
highest followers on instagram
Her large fanbase doesn't disappoint her engagement number which is 5 million and an influence score of 93. She has many different music awards.
On her Instagram page, you'll find lots of standard selfies, plus behind-the-scenes pictures from her recent tour. She is a queen of Latin music, she is one of the most popular Instagram celebrities in the world. 26. Followers on Instagram: 26.3M.
Along with new feature announcements, it highlights top videos and photos from other creators. Most of them are just world-famous singers, sportsmen, actors, etc. The ratings were so high that the Kardashian family instantly became popular. So she became the first female comedian to be invited to a TV show as a star guest after a stand-up performance. In 2018, Rihanna has moved to the UK, where she rented an island where she was recording a new album. Learn How to Code in a Fun and Interactive Manner, How to Make the Perfect Instagram Profile, the most-disliked YouTube video of all time, Since the most-followed Instagram account is a brand, following the social media accounts of these brand, accounts that let you see amazing places around the world, how to see who unfollowed you on Instagram.
If you don't care about seeing pictures of her, move along. Katy Perry rarely leaves the top positions of the world music charts. Zendaya Instagram: 78.8 million followers. 29.
At the time, the girl with a fantastic voice was noticed by producer Evan Rogers, who worked with Christina Aguilera and Rod Stewart. Now, Ellen is one of America's most successful and beloved television hosts. Which Upgrades Will Improve Your PC Performance the Most? READ Top 10 Hottest Female UFC Fighters Oddly enough, the most followed Instagram account is @instagram itself, with 330 million followers in 2020. Want to create an Instagram profile that stands out and gets lots of followers and likes? Instead, he's one of the best football (soccer) players in the world and widely considered as one of the best to ever play the game. Interestingly the famous Genevieve Nnaji makes the ninth position with 4.7 million followers on this list but she sure is one of the most followed celebrities in Nigeria.
Follow these simple steps to start killing it on Instagram! Followers: 226 million | Following: 197 So, the most-followed Instagram account is… Instagram's own account. He arranged for the young man to audition for the series "Degrassi: The Next generation". Shakira Instagram: 68 million followers. So now you are in search of possible promotion options.
Remember the ultra popular "Run It," or sexy sound of his "Kiss Kiss," and the techno-wave "Forever" – all these tracks flamed his musician self-made debut to sell more than 3 million copies. The actress admits that the role has become difficult for her, because Zendaya herself leads a healthy lifestyle, so she was afraid that she would not be able to reveal the heroine fully. After successful procedure, Instagram stories will be saved directly on your device. Billie Eilish Instagram: 66 million followers. Are you ready to know how to download your lovely Instagram photos, videos, stories and IGTVs for free?
A few years ago, this show made a real revolution in the media space. The image of the stars of the popular reality show "keeping up with the Kardashians" and "dancing with the stars" creates the appearance of a huge number of photos and videos that are used for different purposes and arouse the excitement of fans.
Like most of the accounts here, it depends on whether you like Ariana Grande. Some of the brands she has collaborated with are: • Coca Cola • Kmart Then made the best-performing album of 2019 in the US – ebut studio album, When We All Fall Asleep, Where Do We Go?. New Instagram celebrities don't arise in a day. Ellen DeGeneres is a famous American TV host and comedian. Tiwa Savage since her break into the music industry has grown from strength to strength which has won her more fans and followers. The album was called Laundry Service. Jenner's popular Instagram feed contains mostly pictures of herself, along with some promotion for her cosmetic products. It stood out from the other shows on television. If you want to download Instagram stories, you paste the link of stories into the search bar. If you are a close friend of AY, be sure to get a birthday post on his Instagram page on your special day...he is cool like that! But soon she understood that much bigger audience is waiting for her music art outside the country – and Shakira entered the English-language market with her fifth album. Miley went from an exemplary girl to a provocative star whose name never disappeared from the headlines. The seventh most followed Nigerian celebrity on Instagram is AY Makun. Ronaldo's Instagram feed contains lots of pictures of his sport. 3. 136 million people would do tisk, tisk. And finally, his career brought him to the team that made LeBron Instagram popular – Los Angeles Lakers. She isn't controversial but still has over 5 million fans watching her every move on Instagram which simply means Yemi Alade has a lot of genuine fans. If so, you definitely need to follow her on Instagram. He started his NBA career as a NBA Rookie of the Year. He won NBA championships one by one while playing for the Heat in 2012-2013.
Bieber fans today can enjoy not only the musical works in his performance, but also perfume, which is produced under the label of the stars of show business. Funke Akindele's fans are probably an out pour of the ones who can't get enough of her acting prowess on TV. Among that, she has a stable army of followers on Instagram and has the glory as of the most followed Instagram R'n'B artist. 23. Davido admires the prudent display of a fan who received N1 million from him after his City of Davido concert in December 2018. If you like Selena Gomez or just want to say that you follow the most popular Instagram user in the world, go for it. As part of girl-group Destiny's Child, she became famous. One of the most memorable moments in his career concerned his private life. Should You Follow?
She also occasionally shares pictures of cats, the sky, and other Instagram staples. Chris Brown Instagram: 72 million followers. So guys, as at the time of publication, these are the ten most followed Nigerian celebrities on Instagram. Just in case you don't know who Peter Okoye is, he is the other half of the greatly missed music group 'PSquare.'
Save everything you want from Instagram!Use Instagram Downloader and make collections of good content! The crazy working rhythm had a negative impact on the health of the rising star – in 2014 she was found lupus. On the page Kylie Jenner, American model, participant of the reality show "Kardashian Family", posted photos of designer dresses, jewelry and pictures from the dressing room. Anyone who likes seeing endless pictures of Justin Bieber (teenage girls) will be in heaven with this page.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Amy discusses the origins and success of Windy City Gay Idol. She gives many props to all that have helped create and continue to keep this event going strong.
Guest: Windy City Gay Idol Winner Robert Hughes sits down with Amy on this Queercast. Robert shares his music inspirations and early life as a Tennessean. He has just moved to Chicago and gives us a little insight to his life, why he moved here and his love of music. Get to know our new Gay Idol winner for 2012!
Music Featured on This Queercast: Emperors - "Be Ready When I Say Go" and JJAMZ - "Heartbeat"


text:
Home • Latest Med-Mal Insurance News & Research • Cg Ins • New Developments • Levin-Coleman bill would bar payments for MDs who don't pay taxes
Levin-Coleman bill would bar payments for MDs who don't pay taxes
http://www.chicagotribune.com
WASHINGTON — Sens. Norm Coleman and Carl Levin are introducing legislation this week aimed at withholding payments for doctors and other health care providers who owe federal taxes but still receive government checks for treating Medicare patients.
The bill comes following a congressional investigation which estimated in March that 21,000 physicians and other health care providers owed $1.3 billion in back taxes in the first nine months of 2005, yet were still receiving Medicare payments.
Levin, D-Mich., and Coleman, R-Minn., are the chairman and ranking member, respectively, of the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, which authorized the congressional investigation.
The new legislation would require that the Department of Health and Human Service's Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services participate in the Federal Payment Levy Program, which levies payments to delinquent taxpayers from the federal government until the outstanding tax debt is paid.
"Due to the fact that CMS has failed to participate in the Federal Payment Levy Program, we have missed countless opportunities to recover hundreds of millions of dollars in unpaid federal taxes," Coleman said.
Levin said, "While the vast majority of Medicare health care providers are honest, taxpaying citizens, others have been stuffing taxpayer dollars in their pockets at the same time they have been stiffing Uncle Sam by not paying their taxes."
Another provision in the bill would authorize the recovery of non-tax debt, such as student loans and unpaid child support.
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services had no immediate comment on the bill.
This entry was posted in New Developments, Politics on May 2, 2007 by dleander.
< Delaware midwives call for licensing legislation In a Reversal, U.S. Says Medicare Won't Cover Stents for Neck Arteries >


text:
What Is Adverse Possession Law
Parthomas 8 décembre 2022
In the case of intentional illegal possession, an intruder or squatter – someone who illegally occupies someone else`s land – knowingly comes to live on another person`s land and/or seize it. In other cases, the opposing possession may be unintentional. For example, a homeowner may build a fence that separates his garden without realizing that he has crossed and attacked the boundary of his neighbor`s property. In both cases, the opposing owner – also known as the shredder – can claim this property. And if the plaintiff succeeds in proving the opposing possession, he is not obliged to pay the owner for the land. The Disseisor owns the land to the exclusion of the true owner. There may be more than one opposing landlord who is common as a tenant as long as the other items are met. However, the opposing possession cannot be successfully claimed if, at any time during the legal period, the true owner uses the land for any reason. Prior to the introduction of the significant barrier of termination of a registered owner, the special requirements of the opposing property were reasonably simple. First, under Schedule 1(1) and (8) to the Limitation Act 1980, the date on which the opposing possession commenced was the date on which the `possession` was taken.
It had to be more than something temporary or temporary, like just storing goods on a piece of land for a short period of time. [13] But « possession » did not require actual occupation. For example, in Powell v. McFarlane,[14] he was considered « property » when Mr. Powell wandered his cows on Mr. McFarlane`s land from the age of 14. The second condition, however, was that there had to be an intention to own the land. Mr. Powell lost his claim because it was an ambiguous act to let his cows roam: only later did there be evidence that he intended to take possession of them, such as putting up signs in the country and parking a truck. However, this had not happened long enough to have expired the 12-year period for McFarlane`s claim.
Third, possession is not considered « prejudicial » if the person is there with the consent of the owner. For example, in BP Properties Ltd v. Buckler, LJ Dillon held that Ms. Buckler could not claim adverse ownership of BP-owned land because BP had told her it could remain free for life. [15] Fourth, under sections 29 and 30 of the Limitation Act 1980, the opposing owner must not have expressly acknowledged title to ownership, failing which the countdown must begin again. However, the courts have interpreted this requirement flexibly. Overall, the idea of harmful ownership is important because it ensures that land is used efficiently. If a rightful owner does not use the land and it is abandoned, someone who wants to should have the opportunity to take over the land and use it efficiently. Although the elements of an adverse measure of possession are different in each jurisdiction, a person claiming opposing possession must usually prove non-permissive use of the property that is real, manifest and infamous, exclusive, adverse and continuous during the legal period. [4] [c] Opposing possession may also apply to territorial rights.
In the United States, Georgia lost an island in the Savannah River to South Carolina in 1990 when South Carolina fortified the island on its own shoreline with infill from dredging. Since Georgia knew about it, but did nothing about it, the United States took action. The Supreme Court (which originally had jurisdiction over these matters) assigned these lands to South Carolina, although the Treaty of Beaufort (1787) explicitly stated that the islands in the river belonged to Georgia. [41] For registered immovable property, sections 75(1) and 75(2) of the Land Register Act 1925 apply to actions for consideration concluded before 13 October 2003 (date of entry into force of the 2002 Act)[19]. The limitation period remains the same (12 years), but instead of extinguishing the original owner`s ownership of the land, the original owner holds the land in trust for the opposing owner. [20] The opposing owner may then apply to be the new registered owner of the property. [21] Proof of injurious possession requirements generally vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. In many states, proof of payment of taxes on a property and deed is essentially required for the applicant to succeed. Each state has a period during which the registered landowner can invalidate the claim at any time. For example, if the state threshold is 20 years and the owner paints or pays for other maintenance work on the house in question in the 19th year, it will be difficult for the applicant to prove opposing ownership. However, landowners are advised to eliminate the possibility of adverse ownership as soon as possible by signing agreements for the use of their own property. Of course, if you have a negative property claim against you, you will feel outraged and that your property has been unfairly taken from you.
While our lawyers at King Law can assist you throughout this process, the easiest way to prevent adverse property claims against you is to ensure that the above items are not present. You can do this by checking and using your land regularly. It can be farmland, hunting land, vacation property, or even an estate that a relative left you in their will. One of the best ways to ensure that one of these properties remains in your rightful property is to use that land regularly and frequently, while looking for obvious signs of trespassing. Another way to make sure the land rightfully belongs to you when someone else uses it is to simply give the other person on your land permission to use your land. By giving an individual permission to access or use your land temporarily, you can eliminate the « detrimental » aspect of an adverse property claim. During the apsuscitation process, the original owner can repossess his property through legal action. English law states that if the original owner does not exercise his rights and tries to recover his property within a certain period of time, he loses this right and the opposing owner becomes the owner of the property. In general, overtly hostile possession of the diffuser must be continuous (but not necessarily constant) without challenge or permission from the rightful owner, but interruptions of use consistent with how an owner would use the property do not preclude an adverse claim of ownership. Occasional activities in the countryside with long interruptions of activity do not pass the test of continuous ownership; The courts have held that mere felling of timber at regular intervals, unless accompanied by other acts proving actual and continuous possession, does not prove continued possession. If, at any time during the limitation period, the true owner evicts the dissary from the land orally or by legal action, and the dissemitor then returns and expropriates it again, the limitation period begins again. A more modern feature is that land that is not used or neglected by one owner can be converted into the property of another with continued use.
Squatting in England was a way to use land efficiently, especially in times of economic decline. Prior to the Land Registry Act 2002, if a person had owned land for 12 years, the previous owner`s right of action to evict the « opposing owner » lapsed at common law. The general legal reasoning was that, under the 1623 limitation period, in addition to a cause of action in contract or tort, it had to be brought within a given period, as well as an action for recovery of land. This has contributed to the finality of the dispute and the certainty of claims. [9] Time began to run when someone took sole possession of the land or part of it and intended to own it against the interests of the current owner. If the common law requirements for « injurious » « possession » were met, the owner would no longer be able to make a claim after 12 years. Different rules apply to limitation periods for the prejudicial possession of unregistered immovable property[10] and registered immovable property. [11] However, in the Land Registry Act of 2002, opposing ownership of registered land became much more difficult. The disseminator claiming the opposing possession must keep the property uninterrupted for the duration of the limitation period and use it as a true owner would during that period.
What Is a Statement of Service Used for
What Is an Invitation to Enter into a Contract


recognize handwritten digits from pictures you take with the app.
I take the picture, resize it to 28x28 and turn it to black and white. Then I create a ByteBuffer to receive the pixels and pass it to the TensorFlow Lite interpreter. However the intepreter always returns the same values for whatever input I use, returning always the same probabilities, which leads me to think this is an input generation problem.
I know some of you out there have used TensorFlow Lite before (@rheza_h) so it would be great if someone could take a look at the repo and see if you spot any problems.
// Convert masked pixels to 0-255 scale.
For some reason the Interpreter returns always the same label probabilities, no matter the input.
Not really sure, but I guess the problem is around here.
When I tried to do a "quick and dirty" mnist trained digit recognition software, the black and white values were the opposite in the camera and in the database. E.g. in the mnist database black was 0 and white was 255, but the image I was feeding the network was 0 for white and 255 for black.


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Venezuela: FRSO joins celebration of the life of Augusto Sandino
By staff |
Read more articles in Venezuela
Ceremony marking the 90th anniversary of Sandino's "Plan to Realize the Great Dream of Bolivar." (Fight Back! News/staff)
Caracas, Venezuela - The delegation from the Freedom Road Socialist Organization (FRSO) attended a ceremony in the 23 de Enero neighborhood in Caracas for the 90th anniversary of the "Plan to Realize the Great Dream of Bolivar." The Plan was written by Nicaraguan revolutionary Augusto Sandino during his armed struggle against the U.S. occupation of his country. Among the event's attendees was Yaosca Calderon Martin, the Nicaraguan ambassador to Venezuela, along with veterans of the Sandinista struggle in the 1970s and 1980s.
The event was organized by the Coordinadora Simon Bolivar, a revolutionary organization based in 23 de Enero. The ceremony began with a wreath-laying ceremony at a statue of Sandino, along with the singing of the national anthems of Venezuela and Nicaragua, and a singing of the hymn of the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN). It was followed by a presentation of the ideas of Sandino, in the headquarters of the Coordinadora, and a lively discussion about the ongoing struggle to build Latin American unity and drive out imperialism once and for all.
The Freedom Road Socialist Organization has a delegation in Venezuela working to build connections with the revolutionary movement of the country, and to form fraternal relations with its political parties.


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Should Ilhan Omar Be Deported?
"This is abhorrent and inhumane.
Leftist Omar naturally claimed the situation was the result of racism. But why wouldn't a black woman from the hell-hole of Somalia be angry at white Americans who generously welcomed her into the United States where instead of dodging bullets from crazed Islamists she would have to dodge D.C. traffic as she heads to Starbucks for a $7 caffeine fix on her way to a part-time job that pays $174,000 per year?
No doubt some who read this will object to the argument that illegal aliens are neither welcome nor affordable because they take advantage of our nation's generous welfare benefits. "No!" they will shout. "Undocumented immigrants are wonderful people who help the United States prosper, and the data show that they commit far fewer crimes than native-born Americans!" I call donkey fazoo on that claim. Illegal aliens are generally not entitled to welfare benefits. Illegal aliens are also not permitted to work in the United States. How then do they survive? Do they not require food, shelter, and clothing? How can they pay for those necessities if they did not cross the border with tens of thousands of dollars in their pockets? Assuming most jumped the border without wads of cash (or pre-paid debit cards funded by George Soros), they must work or go on welfare to survive. But those options require breaking U.S. laws! The illegal aliens therefore survive by working illegally for cash, or they use forged or stolen IDs to get jobs or collect welfare benefits. Those are crimes. Their only other survival option is to depend 100 percent on charity. Certainly, a percentage of illegal aliens are initially assisted by churches and relatives already in the United States, but they all eventually need work or welfare. Both require breaking the law. It is a blatant lie to claim that illegal aliens are not criminals. The reality is that they cannot survive unless they routinely commit crimes.
The arrogant Ilhan Omar labels us racists if we oppose the continuation of our destructive and outrageous immigration policies. How dare she use First Amendment rights—rights she did not have in Somalia—to excoriate the very people who were kind enough to let her into this country? How dare she complain that we are not being generous enough to people who have no right to be here in the first place?
Not one person in the group complained that we did not have enough chairs or sofas to accommodate them. Not one complained that we did not have snacks of their liking. Not one accused us of being racist, sexist, or homophobic. When we opened our front door, we did not limit entry to white, straight males. We did not ask anyone about their race, religion, ancestry, or sexual preference. We welcomed everyone.
We also expected everyone to eventually leave! We were not going to house, clothe, and feed the strangers for days, weeks, months, or years. But I wonder what Ilhan Omar would have expected—or even demanded—had she been in that group. Would my family have been accused of bigotry had we not offered her a free fur coat? Or a new, dry hijab not covered in wet snow? Or halal-certified snacks? Would she have demanded that everyone who was stuffed into our house at that moment be silent and respectful while she engaged in one of her required daily prayer rituals?
My family believed that charity begins at home. We also understood that charity should be temporary, and that no one should be given a free federal ride throughout life. Your life is your responsibility, not that of anonymous taxpayers. Yes, we can and should be kind and help desperate people when they are in temporary need, but one million people crossing the border illegally – after a long journey they undertook voluntarily – is hardly as easy to deal with as a few dozen stranded bus passengers. There is a border crisis. It is an emergency. The solution is to secure the border, not open it up even more. A prosperous nation can perhaps afford welfare benefits. A prosperous nation can perhaps afford open borders. But no nation can afford both.
To support both welfare benefits and open borders is to place the nation at risk. But that is precisely what the leftists are doing. They want a crisis at the border. They want the system to collapse. That collapse then becomes an excuse to expand the size of government and impose new restrictions on the citizens. The tactic is not a secret. It is known as the Cloward-Piven Strategy, and it is followed by many leftists.
Calling out the tactic places leftists on the defensive. They respond by calling their critics racists. Ilhan Omar is free to hurl racist insults all she wants, but the truth is that if this were a racist nation she would still be in Somalia. Further, the words written on the base of the Statue of Liberty are only a poem, not a federal immigration statute. Although we welcome legal immigrants "yearning to breathe free," we have no obligation to welcome and provide for millions of illegal aliens. Do not fall for the emotional argument that "one of those illegal immigrants may someday find a cure for cancer!" The same argument can be made about the 330,000 babies aborted by Planned Parenthood each year.
Khan had the audacity to question Donald Trump's knowledge of the U.S. Constitution, despite having written that Shari'ah law takes precedence over all other laws! Khan's belief that all laws must "be subordinated to the Shari'ah" is in direct conflict with the oath of citizenship. Khan's oath should be considered fraudulent and he should be deported.
What is she resisting? Western civilization? The U.S. Constitution? Anyone who is not a follower of Islam?
Omar supports the anti-Semitic BDS movement, which urges a boycott of all Israeli products and an end to all investments in Israel. (Imagine the screams one would hear from Omar if the United States were to boycott all Muslim nations and their products!) Omar is certainly free to detest Israel and Jews, but she should then be prepared to accept the criticism directed at her in response.
Of course, no one is forcing Omar to support Israel. But she is expected to defend the United States, which is a close ally of Israel—the only democracy in the Middle East. Omar is a friend of Shari'ah-supporting activist Linda Sarsour, which naturally leads many to wonder where Omar's allegiances lie. Many would argue that they do not lie with the U.S. Constitution. Perhaps she and Khan can both be given one-way tickets to their homelands.
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9 Responses to "Should Ilhan Omar Be Deported?"
Mouth-off Omar: An un-American koran-oath-taker with a face, and a mind, only a camel could love. Deport her back to Somalia where women are treated as sexual livestock.
We are in a War Between the States of Mind; a shouting war advancing towards a shooting war; of The Righteous Right vs The Theft Left; of Constitutionalists vs Prostitutionalists!
"Prostitionalist", as defined herein (and defined nowhere else on planet Earth?) should now begin to replace "progressive", since "progressive" is a decades-old sugar-coated turd-word meaning regressive theft of mankind's protections of NATURAL INDIVIDUALISM (Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact, Declaration of Independence, Bill of Rights et al).
Mouth-off Omar is a muslim prostitutionalist who will always vilify, and never deify, our sacred paid-for-in-blood U.S. Constitution. Of course she should be deported to Somalia!
Hillary RICO Clinton is a prostitutionalist who will pimp her influence to the highest foreign investor. Of course she should be deported to Gitmo!
The Whoreable Nancy Pelosi is a prostitutionalist because, just like any hard working whore, she is ALWAYS OPEN, and she will sell her powerful selfishness to anyone, even if it undermines our nation's pristine U.S. Constitution. Of course she should be deported to Alcatraz!
Barry Soetoro-Obama II is a muslim prostitutionalist who still stealth-attempts to "fundamentally transform" (aka "overthrow") our Constitutional Republic 08-28-08- TODAY. Barry is a leading candIDate for the gallows, is he not?.
Sadly, as America's residents in 2119 might some day discover in reading today's P&E archives (as saved in The Library of Congress?), America is being over-run right now, both physically (open borders invasion et al) and philosophically (Santa Sanders, Mouth-off Omar, Don "Sour" Lemon's yellow stream media et al), by foreign-thinking prostitutionalists who have no respect, and only disdain, for our benevolent U.S. Constitution.
To residents of 2119: Got nbC?
Thank you, Jeanine, for standing up to muslims Mouth-off Omar and Mother-Gooser Tlaib, and for demanding "Behind Bars Justice" for America's first government coup conspirators, Nancy-Barry-Hillary-Comey et al.
Any fine country with an abundance of fine laws, but no one will uphold them, is like a beautiful Trump Tower with no columns to support it!
I argue that Sharia Law is "repugnant to the US Constitution". It is anti-freedom. Freedom is not a recognized right in Muslim nations. One must be a muslim or die. Otherwise, one must pay a tax to practice a non-Islamic religion or die. Islam and sharia law are inextricable. Where Islam is, sharia law is. The peaceful earlier verses of the quaran and sura and hadith have all been supereded by newer violent verses. This is how it works in Islam. I cite the video "What Islam is NOT" on youtube. Also see: "FITNA". In 1803, the US Supreme Court ruled that "ANY LAW…" (This includes Sharia law) "….that is repugnant to the US Constitution IS NULL and VOID"- Marbury v Madison, USSCt., (1803).
That's the question which the MSM should have asked about Barack Hussein Obama back in 2007.
Mouth-off Omar has no place in Constitutional America. She, and virtually all koran-worshippers, are not here to assimilate our values, rather, they are here to assassinate those values. Omar is only here to overthrow USA as part of a planned muslim invasion, all as subsidized by many career U.S. Government employee-criminals. Got nbC?
It is not the dark color of their skin that is so offensive to Constitutional Americans, rather, it is the DARK COLOR OF UNGRATEFUL THINKING that is so OFFENSIVE. muslim Fake presIDent Obama on his apology tour of the Middle East, the NFL Kneelers, Don "Sour" Lemon, Mouth-off Omar, Black Lies Matter and so, so many more U.S. UNGRATEFULS are to be seen and not heard for our own well-being.
What's in YOUR mind; Constitution or koran, allegiance or mutiny?
An idle mind is a devil's workshop; a muslim mind is a devil's sanctuary.
DEPORT MOUTH-OFF OMAR AND DEPORT UNGRATEFULNESS AT THE SAME TIME!
Truth of the matter, anyone who doesn't support the Constitution 110% needs to be kicked out ASAP. It's a simple fact of life that Islam cannot coincide with any other form of government control, so why we even have ONE Muslim within our borders shows that the worldwide Islam invasion of the Western Culture is proceeding at an accelerated rate, and for the proof just look at Sweden, Germany, France, England, Italy and then East St. Louis, Orland, Murfreesborough, Dearborn, Los Angeles, and the 22+ Islamovilles throughout the United States.
So, yes, Omar needs to be deported.
RIGHT ON TARGET! Excellent post. Thanks!!!


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苏州美甲美睫培训学校
Victoria State Election 2014: Coalition unveils support for crime victims
01/07/2018 admin 苏州美甲美睫培训学校
A program that would give victims of crime access to a pastoral carer as they identify the bodies of family members, contact an undertaker or visit their loved ones in hospital has been promised by the Coalition.
The Victims of Crime Crisis Support Program pastoral carers, based within the Victoria Police Homicide squad, would also help organise practical matters, such as contacting insurance companies or extended family to inform them of the crime.
Police Minister Kim Wells will unveil the $620,000 program, which will be implemented if the Coalition is re-elected, on Friday. He said the "pioneering" program will support to victims of serious crime, including road trauma, and involve crisis intervention, practical support and contact with service providers.
"When a loved one is murdered or taken away in a road accident, or if a family member suffers a life-threatening injury, it is horrendous and in most cases changes lives forever," Mr Wells said.
"It will mean when people find themselves in these tragic circumstances experiencing trauma and going through their hardest time, they won't have to think about where to go for help and support."
The policy is the latest announced as part of the Coalition's tough-on-crime agenda, and comes after the appointment of Greg Davies as Victoria's first Victims of Crime Commissioner.
George Halvagis, whose daughter Mersina was murdered at Fawkner Cemetery in 1997, said support for family members was crucial. Mr Halvagis, a Crime Stoppers ambassador and Homicide Victims Support volunteer, said the moments immediately after being told about a tragedy could be confusing.
"We went through hell," he said.
"And when that happens to you, you're really left in the middle of nowhere.
"Nobody knows what to do when you find out about something like that."
Former police chaplain Reverend Jim Pilmer and outgoing Liberal MP Andrew McIntosh designed the program, which will provide access to pastoral carers for all faiths, or those who are atheist.
A support worker would, in some instances, accompany police when they first speak to the families of victims. Police would offer the service to all families, and the carers would be volunteers who could be reimbursed for expenses such as travel or accommodation.
Mr Davies, a former Police Association secretary and police officer, said Reverend Pilmer, whom he described as one of the finest men he had met, would ensure the success of the program.
Police were not trained to support families through their darkest moments, he said.
"It's one thing to be told your father has passed away in his bed at the age of 96. It's another thing to have a police officer say 'your 18-year-old has just been beaten to death on his birthday on King Street'.
"There also comes a time when the police have to leave the house. What happens then?"
This story Administrator ready to work first appeared on 苏州美甲美睫培训学校.
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