Apple to Release iPad 3 and iPad Mini in 2012?
Despite losing co-founder and former CEO Steve Jobs, who died on Oct. 5, Apple hasn't slackened its pace of growth and, if rumors are to be believed, the Cupertino-based technology giant is all set to release iPad 3 as well as a 7.85-inch iPad Mini in 2012.
According to DigiTimes, Apple is very likely to launch an iPad with 7.85-inch display (iPad Mini) in the fourth quarter of 2012, and take on the challenge thrown by Amazon's latest star - Kindle Fire.
DigiTimes reported that Apple is building a mini version of iPad, with a 7.85 inch display, to stop smaller-sized tablets from cutting iPad's market share. DigiTimes said the source of its information came from a supply chains. It suggested that the LCD of the mini iPad will be supplied by LG Display and Taiwan-based AU Optronics.
Apple has the world's bestselling tablet, iPad, and Apple wants to maintain the status quo. The mini iPad will be slightly larger than Amazon.com's e-reader Kindle Fire, which has a 7-inch display. Kindle Fire sales has recently been surging high as Amazon announced earlier last week that it had sold one million Kindle devices in each of the previous three weeks. With a nearly sixteen percent market share, Amazon is challenging Apple in the tablet market.
Analysts believe that Apple will make the mini version more affordable to fight against the $199 Kindle Fire. However, the company's move will be against its former CEO Steve Jobs, who was against any tablet with a displa smaller than 10-inch.
Meanwhile, it is widely believed that the iPad 3 will arrive in the first quarter of 2012 or around the same time as when an updated version of Kindle Fire would hit the market. According to rumors, iPad 3 will continue to bear the 10-inch display but will boast of better features, such as A6 processor, 128 GB memory storage, better cameras, Siri, iCloud and 4G LTE compatibility. The device is also expected to boast of Retina Display (2048 x 1536 pixels resolution). It is believed that all these upgrades would require a thicker chassis and a better battery.
An updated MacBook Air notebook line is also set to launch in the first half of 2012, according to DigiTimes. So far, Apple has two versions of MacBook Air, in 11.6-inch and 13.3-inch sizes respectively. Hence, a 15-inch model could be on its way to compete with Ultrabooks.
Must Read: Two Next Generation iPad to Debut January 2012: Real Deal or Rumor?
Will The JASON Group Find A Sponsor?


text:
module Fog
  module Compute
    class Glesys
      class Real

        def stop(param)
          request("/server/stop", param)
        end
      end

    end
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
https://piction.clevelandart.org/cma/ump.di?e=C907F76310BB4B49C0C42C7FF4FA908FA16AD0E7138393110AAA0EE3C024E0DE&s=21&se=1563179518&v=5&f=2005.177_o2.jpg
Nose Ornament with Serpents and Long-necked Birds
c. 100-300
Peru, North Coast, Moche culture (50-800), Early Intermediate Period
(AD 0-700)
Gold alloy and silver
Overall: 7.6 x 13.9 cm (3 x 5 1/2 in.)
Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund 2005.177
232 Andean
This image is in the public domain. You can use it however you want. Read more about Open Access.At this time, we are not offering high-resolution TIFF images of detail or alternate views. Request high-resolution TIFF.
JPEG and caption
High-resolution TIFF
Creative Commons (CC0 1.0)
You can copy, modify, and distribute this work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.
Download the free ArtLens App available in the App store and Google Play store.
A crucial element of Moche royal regalia was the nose ornament, whose imagery varies from benign to predatory. One ornament here depicts a human head, perhaps a ruler's portrait, flanked by birds that attack human victims. In another, two supernatural decapitators brandish knives over a row of severed human heads. The third is an elegant composition that combines serpents with long-necked water birds. The Moche were among the Andes' most inventive metalsmiths, and they developed many complex techniques for joining and enriching the surfaces of metals, which they usually worked by hammering rather than casting. The gold-and-silver ornaments were made by first joining gold and silver sheets through heating and hammering. Then came the relief decoration, followed by the selective removal of metal along the joins. Finally, the ornament was trimmed and polished.
Princeton, NJ: Princenton University Art Museum; February 22- June 8, 1997. "In Celebration: Works of Art from the Collection of Princeton Alumni and Friends of the Art Museum of Princeton University." no repr.
{{cite web|title=Nose Ornament with Serpents and Long-necked Birds|url=https://clevelandart.org/art/2005.177|year=c. 100-300|access-date=21 January 2020|publisher=Cleveland Museum of Art}}
AA - Andes
Art of the Americas
Severance and Greta Millikin Purchase Fund

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Linda Hazle will demonstrate the University of Dundee's new Library App for staff and students. It brings together a range of important and useful University resources and features on your smartphone and tablet.
The app provides you with quick mobile access to library and related services for students and staff anywhere, anytime.
This presentation will be followed by refreshments/networking and the SWOP meeting.


text:
package com.intellij.vcs.log.ui.actions;

import com.intellij.openapi.actionSystem.AnActionEvent;
import com.intellij.openapi.application.ApplicationManager;
import com.intellij.openapi.progress.ProgressManager;
import com.intellij.openapi.project.DumbAwareAction;
import com.intellij.openapi.util.NlsActions;
import com.intellij.openapi.util.NlsContexts;
import com.intellij.vcs.log.graph.PermanentGraph;
import com.intellij.vcs.log.graph.actions.ActionController;
import com.intellij.vcs.log.graph.actions.GraphAction;
import com.intellij.vcs.log.graph.actions.GraphAnswer;
import com.intellij.vcs.log.impl.MainVcsLogUiProperties;
import com.intellij.vcs.log.impl.VcsLogUiProperties;
import com.intellij.vcs.log.statistics.VcsLogUsageTriggerCollector;
import com.intellij.vcs.log.ui.MainVcsLogUi;
import com.intellij.vcs.log.ui.VcsLogInternalDataKeys;
import com.intellij.vcs.log.visible.VisiblePack;
import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;

import java.util.function.Supplier;

abstract class CollapseOrExpandGraphAction extends DumbAwareAction {
  private final Supplier<@NlsActions.ActionText String> myLinearBranchesAction;
  private final Supplier<@NlsActions.ActionDescription String> myLinearBranchesDescription;
  private final Supplier<@NlsActions.ActionText String> myMergesAction;
  private final Supplier<@NlsActions.ActionDescription String> myMergesDescription;

  protected CollapseOrExpandGraphAction(@NotNull Supplier<String> linearBranchesAction,
                                        @NotNull Supplier<String> linearBranchesDescription,
                                        @NotNull Supplier<String> mergesAction,
                                        @NotNull Supplier<String> mergesDescription) {
    super(linearBranchesAction, linearBranchesDescription, null);
    myLinearBranchesAction = linearBranchesAction;
    myLinearBranchesDescription = linearBranchesDescription;
    myMergesAction = mergesAction;
    myMergesDescription = mergesDescription;
  }

  @Override
  public void actionPerformed(@NotNull AnActionEvent e) {
    VcsLogUsageTriggerCollector.triggerUsage(e, this);

    executeAction(e.getRequiredData(VcsLogInternalDataKeys.MAIN_UI));
  }

  @Override
  public void update(@NotNull AnActionEvent e) {
    MainVcsLogUi ui = e.getData(VcsLogInternalDataKeys.MAIN_UI);
    VcsLogUiProperties properties = e.getData(VcsLogInternalDataKeys.LOG_UI_PROPERTIES);

    boolean visible = ui != null && ui.getDataPack().getVisibleGraph().getActionController().isActionSupported(getGraphAction());
    e.getPresentation().setVisible(visible);
    e.getPresentation().setEnabled(visible && !ui.getDataPack().isEmpty());
    if (visible) {
      if (properties != null && properties.exists(MainVcsLogUiProperties.BEK_SORT_TYPE) &&
          properties.get(MainVcsLogUiProperties.BEK_SORT_TYPE) == PermanentGraph.SortType.LinearBek) {
        e.getPresentation().setText(myMergesAction.get());
        e.getPresentation().setDescription(myMergesDescription.get());
      }
      else {
        e.getPresentation().setText(myLinearBranchesAction.get());
        e.getPresentation().setDescription(myLinearBranchesDescription.get());
      }
    }
  }

  protected abstract void executeAction(@NotNull MainVcsLogUi vcsLogUi);

  protected abstract @NotNull GraphAction getGraphAction();

  protected void performLongAction(@NotNull MainVcsLogUi logUi,
                                   @NotNull GraphAction graphAction,
                                   @NotNull @NlsContexts.ProgressTitle String title) {
    VisiblePack dataPack = logUi.getDataPack();
    ProgressManager.getInstance().runProcessWithProgressSynchronously(() -> {
      ActionController<Integer> actionController = dataPack.getVisibleGraph().getActionController();
      GraphAnswer<Integer> answer = actionController.performAction(graphAction);
      Runnable updater = answer.getGraphUpdater();
      ApplicationManager.getApplication().invokeLater(() -> {
        assert updater != null : "Action:" + title +
                                 "\nController: " + actionController +
                                 "\nAnswer:" + answer;
        updater.run();
        logUi.getTable().handleAnswer(answer);
      });
    }, title, false, null, logUi.getMainComponent());
  }
}


text:
Deaconess Gibson Hospital, formerly Gibson General Hospital, is a hospital institution in Princeton, Indiana, serving largely Gibson County, Indiana but also largely serves Wabash County, Illinois as well. It is located along Sherman Drive at the northern end of Princeton's West Side or two blocks north of the WRAY/WRAY-FM Studios.

The current hospital has 64 slots for patients.

History
Princeton Sanatorium opened in 1907 and closed in 1910. Methodist Hospital Corporation  re-established the hospital in 1917. It was renamed Gibson General Hospital and became an individual private hospital in 1941. From 1956 to 1962 the current hospital was built. It entered into a management agreement with the Deaconess Health System, based in Evansville, Indiana, in 2016.

In June 2020 it signed an agreement to become a hospital within the Deaconess system. It joined the system and received its current name on October 1, 2020.

See also
 Deaconess Hospital (Evansville, Indiana)

References

External links
Gibson General Site

Hospitals in Indiana
Healthcare in Evansville, Indiana
Healthcare in Southwestern Indiana
Buildings and structures in Gibson County, Indiana

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Not surprised. The day a mirrorless gets faster AF than a DSLR in all lighting conditions it would be all over the news.
Multiple top people working directly with canon have said that canon has told them that a video centered RF mount camera will be coming. Who knows when that is, I doubt it would release before an a7riii competitor. I wouldn't be surprised to see that 26mp one come in spring, hopefully it isn't a lower tier one, but a 1dx type camera.
I still don't see why people hate the EOS-R and Nikon Z6. Like all cameras they offer things that no other camera does. So if one value those things it's a good buy.
Aside from anti-single SD card slot, I haven't seen any large amounts of negativity against the Nikon Z6?! Where have you been seeing that?
All over the internet. It was easily the most bashed camera ever, until the EOS-R was announced and focus shifted.
And what about the "everything is awesome" bubble boys!
Yikes, if true the Sony A7s has some competition!
Just had a chance to use this camera. Dear GOD why no 4k full frame?? I actually love everything else about it as a hybrid. I wasn't expecting to like it. Canon always pulls that one little caveat feature that keeps me from buying in.
I think no IBIS is a serious mistake in this day and age also.
Yeah I agree pretty much. Though they need to figure a way to lock in down when not being used.


text:
Q: If $\frac{AM}{MB}=\frac{m}{n},$ then $AM=\frac{m}{m+n}AB$ If $\dfrac{AM}{MB}=\dfrac{m}{n},$ then why $AM=\dfrac{m}{m+n}AB?$
I am trying to show that if $M$ lies on $AB$ and $AM:MB=m:n$, then $$\vec{OM}=\dfrac{n\vec{OA}+m\vec{OB}}{m+n}.$$ For that problem I am supposed to notice $$AM=\dfrac{m}{m+n}$$ but I don't see it.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The population of Helsinki was 648,042 at the turn of the year 2018/2019. The population grew by 4,770 inhabitants, or 0.7 per cent, during the year 2018. The population growth in Helsinki has slowed down and it was 3,300 persons less than in 2017, which was a year of exceptional growth. After the year 2013, the population growth trend has been descending in Helsinki.
The biggest reason for the slowing down is the increase in the number of persons who were removed from the population statistics of Helsinki because they were registered in Helsinki, but had been missing for long. The number of babies born in the capital kept decreasing as well. The number has decreased steadily since 2015. The migration to other municipalities grew substantially last year, too. Construction has increased remarkably in Espoo and Vantaa during the last few years.
The population growth in the rest of the capital region was 9,718 persons. That was 1,344 persons more than the year before, because the growth particularly in Vantaa was exceptional, 5,139 inhabitants. The last time Vantaa has grown more than this was in 1975.
The population growth of Helsinki started slowing down in autumn last year. In January–February 2019, the population growth in Helsinki was just less than 200 persons, while Espoo and Vantaa both grew by a thousand inhabitants during the same period.
The growth in the age group for children in early childhood education age, i.e. children aged between 1 and 6 years, has continued to slow down and in 2018, the growth was just 17 children. The growth in the number of children in comprehensive school age, i.e. children aged between 7 and 15 years, was still considerable, 1,570 persons. The working-age population, i.e. persons aged between 18 and 64 years, grew less than the previous year, by 1,650 persons. The number of inhabitants of the capital aged over 65 years grew by less than 2,000 persons last year and the number of persons aged over 75 by around 1,400 persons.
The number of Finnish-speaking inhabitants of Helsinki grew by around 1,200 persons last year and the number of Swedish-speaking inhabitants by less than 200 persons. The growth in the number of foreign-language speakers was a little more than 3,500 person and their share of the population is now 15.7 per cent.
The numbers are based on Statistics Finland's statistics on population structure, published on 29 March 2019.


text:
Man Utd Legend Reveals He Turned Down Liverpool Move for 'Bigger Challenge' in Italy
Former Manchester United goalkeeper Edwin van der Sar has claimed that he turned down the chance to join Liverpool in 1999, despite visiting Anfield and meeting then Reds manager Gérard Houllier.
The Dutchman instead opted to join Juventus before the turn of the century after allowing his contract with Ajax to expire, ending a nine-year spell in Amsterdam.
"When I left Ajax in 1999, I travelled to Liverpool and spoke to Houllier," the 46-year-old says in an upcoming issue of FourFourTwo.
Tv work at our Gallery of Fame inside the stadium. @AFCAjax @JohanCruyff pic.twitter.com/QoKbx4eDuo
— Edwin van der Sar (@vdsar1970) September 15, 2017
"I was shown around Anfield and also met with the chairman and a couple of the players. I thought about it, but when Juventus came to the table I came to the conclusion that it would be a bigger challenge to play in Italy."
Van der Sar went on to make 66 Serie A appearances with the Bianconeri, keeping an impressive 34 clean sheets in two years. The Dutchman then completed a rather unusual transfer, swapping Turin for Greater London to join Fulham in 2001 in a deal that set the Cottagers back €10m. Van der Sar spent four years with Fulham before joining United in 2005.
"I found out that Ferguson had always been really keen on signing me," he said. "But the chairman of United had a deal to sign Mark Bosnich on a free instead.
Stuart Franklin/GettyImages
"So the idea had always been for me to succeed Peter Schmeichel, but it ended up taking six years longer than planned and they tried out some other keepers in that period," van der Sar added.
"I found out that United were going to sign me when I discovered a voicemail from Ferguson. That was a special day. That was the moment I thought: 'This is why I came over to London - to eventually make this next step forward.'
"Ferguson told me he needed someone who could lead and give guidance to the defence. He said he knew I wouldn't get flustered if the side was under pressure."


text:
Quintus Fuficius Cornutus war ein im 2. Jahrhundert n. Chr. lebender römischer Politiker.

Durch Militärdiplome, die z. T. auf September/Oktober 145 und auf den 11. August 146 datiert sind, ist belegt, dass er von 145 bis 146 Statthalter (Legatus Augusti pro praetore) der Provinz Pannonia inferior war; möglicherweise übte er dieses Amt bis 147 aus, als er Suffektkonsul wurde. In den Fasti Ostienses ist er als Konsul zusammen mit Aulus Claudius Charax aufgeführt; die beiden traten ihr Amt am 1. April des Jahres an. Ein weiteres Diplom belegt ihn 152 als Statthalter von Moesia inferior.

Siehe auch
 Liste der römischen Konsuln
 Liste der Statthalter von Niedermösien
 Liste der Statthalter von Pannonia inferior

Einzelnachweise

Konsul (Römische Kaiserzeit)
Statthalter (Moesia inferior)
Statthalter (Pannonia inferior)
Römer
Mann
Geboren im 2. Jahrhundert
Gestorben im 2. Jahrhundert


text:
Soleimani's killing will be seen as a declaration of war
By Shahram Akbarzadeh
January 3, 2020 — 5.58pm
The killing of the Iranian General Qassem Soleimani in a US attack at Baghdad International Airport is a game-changer in relations between the US and Iran, with far-reaching implications for the region.
For months the two have been sabre rattling but staying away from red lines. Clearly, US President Donald Trump saw the Iranians as having crossed the red line when a US civilian was killed in a rocket attack blamed on Kataib Hezbollah, a Shiite militia with support from Iran. The US responded by a strike on the militia's base, killing 25.
The subsequent attempt by Kataib Hezbollah to storm the US embassy in the fortified Green Zone in Baghdad was pushed back with ease by a demonstration of US firepower.
Trump used the opportunity to blame Iran for coordinating unrest and anti-US rioting in Baghdad and threatened to punish the Iranian leadership. The US appears to have followed through with that threat by killing Soleimani along with Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis, a senior leader of the Shiite militia, as well as an unnamed senior leader of the Lebanese Hezbollah. All three organisations have been listed as terrorist by the US.
General Qassem Soleimani, centre, attends a meeting of a group of the Iranian Revolutionary Guards Corps members with Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei in Tehran, Iran, in October. Credit:AP
The attack raises so many difficult questions. It points to the US capacity to have reliable intelligence on the movements of key figures, implying leaks in Iraqi government agencies and perhaps a level of collusion. This puts the Iraqi government in an impossible situation as it needs US commitment for reconstruction as well as Iranian friendship based on religious, cultural and historical links between the two countries.
The author, Professor Shahram Akbarzadeh.
For a short time it appeared that US, Iran and Iraq experienced a congruence of interests as Islamic State threatened all. Soleimani, a commander in the powerful Iranian Revolutionary Guards Corps, played a key role in the push-back against IS by Iraqi Kurds, while the US pounded IS bases from the air. This allowed Baghdad to maintain good relations with Tehran and Washington. But the Iraqi government can no longer avoid this strategic decision and choose its camp.
The Baghdad airport attack has injected an enormous amount of heat in Iran-US relations. The Iranians have been dealing with crippling US sanctions, and watching with concern the US naval build-up in the Persian Gulf (aided by some US allies, including Australia).
Relations were already very tense as the US blamed Iran for sponsoring terrorist organisations, including Houthis in Yemen who have proven to be an unrelenting threat to Saudi Arabia. Now the US threat has hit at the heart of the Iranian leadership.
It's difficult to see how Iran could respond with anything less than commensurate with the killing of Soleimani. Even before this event, the Iranian hardliners had cornered Iranian President Hassan Rouhani for being weak in the face of US bullying. Rouhani has been criticised in Iran for seeking diplomatic solutions when faced with a clear and present threat in the Persian Gulf. Now the gloves are off.
For his critics, including the Revolutionary Guards, Rouhani has been a failure and part of the problem. The Guards have made clear on many occasions that the US only understands the language of might - not diplomacy. The Iranian Supreme Leader and head of state has also said as much.
Soleimani's killing will be seen as a declaration of war, an act of aggression against the state requiring a firm response. Stakes have been raised.
The Baghdad airport killing of Soleimani heralds a new chapter. The war of words seems to be replaced with simply war. Rouhani, even if he manages to hold on to his own office, is in no position to hold the Revolutionary Guards in check.
Professor Shahram Akbarzadeh is convenor of Middle East studies forum at ADI, Deakin University.


text:
Formula One: Lotus confirm Pastor Maldonado
Posted by Scott Michael David on November 30, 2013
Get 100% up to SGD100 Bonus on your First Deposit
Lotus have confirmed that Pastor Maldonado will replace the Ferrari-bound Kimi Raikkonen and partner Romain Grosjean in the Enstone team's line-up for the 2014 season.
The Venezuelan had been heavily linked with the switch since Raikkonen announced his move to Ferrari, with Nico Hulkenberg also touted as a possible replacement. Maldonado revealed at the US GP that he had agreed to join a new team, but the driver and Lotus confirmed the news on Friday.
The 28-year-old had already announced his intentions to leave Williams after a difficult season for the team. He was outperformed by rookie Valtteri Bottas and even accused his team of sabotaging his car in Austin after another poor qualifying display.
Speaking about the move, Maldonado said: "It is a fantastic opportunity for me to join Lotus F1 Team for 2014. It's no secret that I have wanted a change of scene to help push on with my Formula 1 career and Lotus F1 Team offered the very best opportunity for me to be competitive next season.
"The regulations and cars will change significantly so it is a very good time for a fresh start. I can't wait to be racing in black and gold."
With Maldonado set for Lotus, Sauber's Hulkenberg looks set to rejoin Force India. Maldonado's switch may cause a domino effect with many drivers waiting to confirm their team ahead of next season.
After confirming the line-up for the next campaign, Lotus's team principal, Eric Boullier, admitted he was excited ahead of next season.
Topics: Bet on Formula 1, Bet on Lotus, F1 Betting, Lotus Betting
Boxing: Bellew and Stevenson clash at weigh-in
Ashes Cricket: Lehmann warns against Trott sledging


One of the boxes has a pastel egg pattern and the other features a design with tulips and daffodils (this one would also be great for other Spring occassions like Mother's Day and birthdays).
Each of these boxes prints onto 8x10 inch (A4) paper and measures 2.5 x 3.5 x 2 inches when made up. I decorated the box photographed using eyelash yarn and a little flower tag made from layering punched paper flowers and a gem centre.
You can buy the templates to print and make yourself from my Etsy shop or Folksy shop.
This is a really helpful blog. You have some great ideas.


FC Halifax Town are going to look for revenge after they suffered a shocking 3-0 loss when they last met Bromley at Hayes Lane earlier this year. But this will not be an easy task as the Shaymen only once won an encounter against Bromley at home and never won at the opposition's stadium.
During their last encounter in January, Town was overrun by a strong and determined Bromley side. The home team dominated most of the match, with Josh Rees having several chances but failing to finish during the first half.
Not long after the team was back on the pitch for the second half-time, Louis Dennis opened the scoring in the 49th minute. Within the next ten minutes, Rees shot the ball into the netting twice, with his second goal of the night confusing the masses as it was not obvious to everyone that the ball had crossed the goal-line. This brought the final score up to three to nil and the visitors from Yorkshire had to leave three points behind at Hayes Lane.
The home fixture in the last season at the end of September was more successful for the Shaymen. Town dominated at the MBI Shay Stadium from the beginning and had several good chances on target. But just before the half-time whistle the hosts had to deal with a huge blow when defender Scott Garner was sent off, leaving a 10-men Town side to tackle the second half.
The determined home team managed to stay on top of Bromley and Matty Kosylo used his first chance shortly into the second half to bring the Shaymen into the lead. It did not take long until Bromley fought themselves back into the match with George Porter scoring the equalizer. But Tom Denton then scored another goal for his team and secured the three points at home for Town.
2015/16 was the only other season when FC Halifax Town and Bromley encountered each other in the National League. The second of the fixtures in that season was at Hayes Layne, where town will be travelling on the weekend. This was also their second ever encounter and the first defeat from the Shaymen against Bromley. Adam Cunnington scored the first and only goal of the encounter in March 2016 after 75 minutes, bringing the 16th defeat of that season over the team from Yorkshire.
The first match between the sides was probably also the most thrilling one so far. After 90 minutes of regular time, Bromley was comfortably leading two to nil at the MBI Shay Stadium thanks to goals from Moses Emmanuel and Pierre Joseph-Dubois.
Determined not to let their guests take home all the points, the hosts pulled together all their strength in injury time. And they rewarded themselves with two goals, taking one point and only giving one away. Connor Hughes brought the Shaymen back into the game just when injury time started. A last-minute penalty scored by Jordan Burrow secured the draw for the home team.
This Saturday will surely be another great match between the two sides. For everyone who cannot make it to Hayes Lane, there will be live updates and audio commentary on the FC Halifax Town website.


text:
Lake Champlain Yields Priceless Historical Shipwrecks & Artifacts of America's Past
By OffbeatMOG
Vermont diver, Fred Fayette, came of age exploring Lake Champlain, and was a key member of the crew that mapped its murky underside over the last decade.
Employing a precision and technology never before available, sonar, remote underwater cameras, and computers explored the floor of the lake each summer, probing back and forth across computer-guided grids. Fayette and his crew aboard the research vessel, Neptune, have unlocked some of history's most enduring mysteries.
Although Fayette is the first to admit that underwater research can be very boring, referring to it as the equivalent of driving from New York to San Francisco at three miles per hour, the excitement of a discovery remains unparalleled.
Twelve years ago there came the first of what would prove to be many magical moments when the sonar picked up an image of the American warship, Spitfire, the previously missing gunboat in Benedict Arnold's fleet, which sank in October 1776. Fayette will not reveal the exact location of the sunken vessel.
"It was very exciting. We've had dozens of shipwrecks over the years. We had a small plane appear in the southern part of the lake in 200 feet of water and a few railroad cars on the lake bottom off Rouses Point, NY, too."
The pristine condition of the Spitfire, which was sitting upright and fully intact, was a sight to behold. Dark water is a preservative and in the words of Art Cohn, director of the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum and a marine archaeologist:
"Inside, is what we believe to be an artifact collection frozen in time from the early-morning hours of Oct. 12, 1776, still in the hull, so the archaeological potential, we think, is extraordinary. The meaning to the national story is as good as you can get."
The US Spitfire has its own place in history, which binds it forever to the turbulent and colorful days of the American Revolution. Benedict Arnold and Ethan Allen (long before he went into furniture) had captured Fort Ticonderoga in 1775 and it was there, very hastily, that they built their fleet.
These gunboats were built without specific plans, although Arnold dictated the basic dimensions required. The rigging consisted of a single mast with a square mainsail and a topsail. Due to their square sails and flat, shallow bottoms, the gunboats could only sail in wind blowing from astern. Their design clearly reflects a balance between the need for rapid construction and effectiveness for their intended purpose.
The Spitfire was one of eight gunboats that operated in 1776 on Lake Champlain as part of Arnold's small fleet of ships whose purpose was to counter any British invaders passing through the lake from Canada. A prime strategic location, Lake Champlain was a critical transport route for both sides of the conflict. The Spitfire had a short life of only a few months, as she was lost after the clash of forces at Valcour Island, which is regarded as the US Navy's first naval battle.
This summer marks a very important anniversary; the 400th since the French explorer, Samuel de Champlain, made his singular voyage south from what is now Canada. This occasion will force new attention on the trove of shipwrecks lying on the bottom of the lake. Cohn refers to these remnants from eras long faded into the mists of time as the best preserved anywhere in the world. Their presence has attracted thousands of divers to the lake, all with aspirations of becoming a part of history in the making.
The focus as of this writing is to develop a permanent lake management plan that will insure that the nearly 300 shipwrecks are catalogued and preserved for generations to come. Development of this plan is now in its preliminary stages and it is expected that several more months will be needed for its completion. Once again, according to Cohn:
"People should take pride in the legacy left here, the history that took place, the size and diversity of this incredible collection."
Vermont U.S. Sen. Patrick Leahy, who is also an amateur diver, said:
"We have to preserve them as historical treasures; otherwise you'll have souvenir hunters going down with grappling hooks and pulling pieces out."
Someday soon The Spitfire will be on display, its secrets of another time and place forever unlocked and on view for all to behold. One can only feel humble in its presence, as it tells a noble tale of an era that is no more, a moment in history that is part of the saga of a country propelled to leadership in the modern world.
← Remembering Steve McNair and His Accomplishments on the Field
Keeping Up With Kim Kardashian at the Beach →
where did the spitfire sink?
M dee Dubroff says:
As stated in the article, the diver, Fayette, will not reveal the exact location of the Spitfire.
Sanford Smith says:
This is incredibule, how far along are they to raising it? My Grandfather's Marina was involved with raising the "Philidelphia", back in the 30s.


Hosting Services | Niagara Web Design | Future Access Inc.
A great online presence takes a lot of behind-the-scenes work.
When you begin the process of developing a site, it's important to consider all of those foundational pieces, like your hosting services.
A good home for your website.
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Ashish Boyne: The Story is the Crux
Ashish Boyne talks in-depth about illustrating while keeping the story at the center – a practice he's maintained throughout.
Ashish Boyneam is a Freelance Illustrator and Concept artist from Pune. Focused on bringing to life unique storytelling concepts, he's worked across Films, Advertising, Animation, and Gaming. A seeker of innovation
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What was your first tryst with illustration? How did you take it forward since then up to now?
Ashish Boyne: Since childhood, I was keen on building up stories from my day-to-day observations. I always thought the best way to express my thoughts was through my illustrations. That's how my journey of illustrations began. My first elective project was entitled '100 Kisses'. This project was an autobiography of a teacup on the Mumbai streets. It was my love for stories dwelling around me that brought me into the field of Imagination and Concept Art.
What's your process to generate ideas, trying to keep your work fresh and relevant?
Ashish Boyne: I am fond of carrying a sketchbook along with me and I instantly pen down my thoughts into vigilant strokes through the power of imagination. I love making thumbnails and doing a lot of research work related to the subject before putting my hands into the final artwork.
What would be your message to clients if you could express yourself as an illustrator?
Ashish Boyne: Normally, clients are very rigid on deadlines, so they avoid the initial exploration of ideas and sketches. I always feel this initial stage of the project is a vital necessity behind dynamic ideas and the styling of the project. Spending time on thumbnails and a lot of rough scribbling helps us illustrators improvise our work and convey in-depth Concepts.
What has been your most challenging project so far and why? Please elaborate on the project and how you overcome hurdles?
Ashish Boyne: The project which comes to my mind is Bajaj Electrical stop-motion ads – "Magic of light." This project, which had a deadline of 48 hours, is one of my most memorable projects. I received the brief to design the concept art of a stop motion film, including characters and environments. Bajaj Electrical wanted to share success stories with the Indian audience – how they've provided electricity even in the rural and remote areas of India. The main challenge of this project was to keep the visual look very simple, such that all classes of people easily relate to it, while also maintaining the emotional impact of the story.
Four different stories of common people and how the supply of electricity made a difference in their lives was a very emotional part of the project. Such a short deadline and handling such a fresh and unique project are very new for me. So I decided to just go wild on a big blank paper; kept all the deadlines and obstacles aside and trusted my pencil to do the job for me.
"I always focus on telling a story through my illustration."
I started generating ideas and scribbling, which my director appreciated a lot. That was how I got some amazing ideas. Exploring with a fresh mind gave this project a very unique look and helped me simplify the concepts. This further helped the later stages of the project become smoother and faster.
What are the most significant technical elements or features of your work that distinguish you as an illustrator?
Ashish Boyne: I always focus on telling a story through my illustration. That is what I feel is a significant factor in my work.
If you could be another artist, who would that be and why? How do you incorporate their influence into your work?
Ashish Boyne: I would love to be Ian Mcque, just because of the shapes and ideas he uses in his concepts. He really has a very unique way of protecting his imaginations.
What would be your top three advice to artists starting out in the arena of illustration?
Ashish Boyne: Believe in your own strengths. Nowadays, we have a lot of diversions and online browser materials available. Yet, we should concentrate on the basics and self-explorations.
How did you nurture and develop your skill-set over the course of time and how are you enhancing your skills further?
Ashish Boyne: I have been concentrating on different mediums; learning new software and doing a lot of research about what is happening around the world.
Which projects from other artists do you look up to and what about them draws you?
Ashish Boyne: I normally buy a lot of movies to learn from the big guns of films like Tarzan, Lord of the Rings, Hobbit, Avatar, Star Wars, and many more. I also refer to plenty of art books. I love the work of some gems like Paul Felix, John Howe, Craig Mullins, Iain Mccaig, and many more.
If you could change one thing about the current illustration scenario, what would that be and how would you do it?
Ashish Boyne: The current scenario is that we do a lot of references, which tends to have ample similarities in our work across the globe. I feel that, while referencing is not a problem, following them as it is, definitely becomes a problem. Therefore, it is worth starting things from scratch and exploring thumbnails. That will help bring out unique artworks.
Commission Open
Custom Illustration
Laetro Artist
Laetro Team
Manish D3mon: Learning through Community
Bhavya Desai: The Element of Surprise
Brazilian NFT Art Creator: Gabriel De Melo Quadros


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Summaries for Patients |2 July 2002
New Definitions for Healthy Ranges of Alanine Aminotransferase, a Blood Test of Liver Function
The summary below is from the full report titled "Updated Definitions of Healthy Ranges for Serum Alanine Aminotransferase Levels." It is in the 2 July 2002 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 137, pages 1-9). The authors are D Prati, E Taioli, A Zanella, E Della Torre, S Butelli, E Del Vecchio, L Vianello, F Zanuso, F Mozzi, S Milani, D Conte, M Colombo, and G Sirchia.
Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.
Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine.
What is the problem and what is known about it so far?
Why did the researchers do this particular study?
Who was studied?
How was the study done?
What did the researchers find?
What were the limitations of the study?
What are the implications of the study?
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is a blood test that doctors often use to evaluate patients for liver disease. High levels of ALT in a patient's blood suggest that he or she has liver disease. However, the test is not perfect. Many patients with liver disease have normal ALT levels. Infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and fatty deposits in the liver are two common reasons why people have abnormal ALT levels. The current "normal" ranges of ALT were defined before we knew about or could test for these conditions. As a result, some of the people considered "normal" (free of liver disease) when these ranges were established actually had HCV infection or fatty liver disease. The true normal values for ALT may be lower than the levels that laboratories currently consider normal. Knowing what ALT levels most accurately identify people with and without liver disease would be helpful.
To define new normal ranges for ALT among a group of people known not to have HCV infection or a fatty liver.
6835 blood donors in Italy who had negative results on tests for HCV infection and 209 who were found to have HCV infection.
The researchers measured ALT levels in all of the blood donors. They also collected information related to each person's risk for liver disease, including body size and other factors related to fatty liver. They then measured the ALT levels in patients who were unlikely to have liver disease, including HCV infection and fatty liver. Last, they applied these new ranges to the patients known to have HCV infection to see how many would have abnormal ALT levels according to the new definition of normal.
The new upper limit of normal range for ALT (30 U/L for men and 19 U/L for women) were substantially lower than the levels that laboratories currently consider to be the upper range of normal (40 U/L for men and 30 U/L for women). Using these new definitions of normal, the researchers could more accurately identify the patients with HCV infection than they could using the old ranges.
The researchers were unable to test whether the new ALT ranges could more accurately identify patients with fatty liver than the old ALT ranges.
Laboratories should consider revising the upper limits of normal for ALT to improve the accuracy of this test in identifying patients with liver disease.
New Definitions for Healthy Ranges of Alanine Aminotransferase, a Blood Test of Liver Function. Ann Intern Med. 2002;137:I–37. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-137-1-200207020-00001
Published: Ann Intern Med. 2002;137(1):I-37.
Updated Definitions of Healthy Ranges for Serum Alanine Aminotransferase Levels
Blood Tests to Diagnose Fibrosis or Cirrhosis in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Systematic Review
Annals of Internal Medicine; 158 (11): 807-820
Health Effects in Fishermen 2 Years After Assisting With Oil Spill Clean-up
Annals of Internal Medicine; 153 (8): I-28
Can a New Blood Test Help Predict Who Is at Risk for Developing Heart Failure?
Can a Blood Test Help Predict Who Is at Risk for Colorectal Cancer?
Gastroenterology/Hepatology
Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Infectious Disease, Liver Disease, Viral Hepatitis.
Protective effects of melatonin on sepsis-induced liver injury and dysregulation of gluconeogenesis in rats through activating SIRT1/STAT3 pathway.
Biomed Pharmacother 2019;
Porphyrin-induced protein oxidation and aggregation as a mechanism of porphyria associated cell injury.
Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019.


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K-League 2007
Title: K-League 2007
Subject: Lee Chun-Soo, Seongnam Ilhwa Chunma, Pohang Steelers, Adelaide United FC, Kim Young-Kwang, Kim Jee-Hyuk, Park Yong-Ho, Cho Byung-Kuk, Lee Jung-Youl, Choi Won-Kwon
The 2007 season of the K-League kicked off on March 3. The league's previous split-season format was replaced by a combined 26-game single-season schedule. Each team will play 26 matches consisting of a home and away fixture against every other team. After all games have been played, the top 6 teams will enter the championship playoffs to determine the overall champion. The playoff fixtures are set to take place in late October, with the Final being played on two legs in early November.
The league took a break after Round 13 (June 23), as a result of the Asian Cup taking place between July 7 and July 29. The league will resume with Round 14 (August 8).
The league cup format changed as well. In 2006, all teams played one game against every other team, hence the champion was decided on a-13 game schedule. 2007's cup will sport 12 teams (except Seongnam Ilhwa Chunma and Chunnam Dragons who are participating in the AFC Champions League 2007), split into 2 Groups. The pool-league will be based on home and away.
1 Stage
1.1 Final table
2 Top scorers
3 Attendance
4 Championship playoffs
4.1 Format
Final table
Top six teams qualify for the Championship playoffs.
1. Seongnam Ilhwa Chunma 55 26 16 7 3 43 18 +25 Champion
2. Suwon Samsung Bluewings 51 26 15 6 5 36 24 +12 Runner-up
3. Ulsan Hyundai Horangi 45 26 12 9 5 34 22 +12 Qualified
4. Gyeongnam FC 43 26 13 4 9 41 31 +10 Qualified
5. Pohang Steelers (C) 38 26 12 5 9 27 31 −4 Qualified
6. Daejeon Citizen 37 26 10 7 9 34 27 +7 Qualified
7. FC Seoul 37 26 8 13 5 23 16 +7
8. Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors 36 26 9 9 8 36 32 +4
9. Incheon United 33 26 8 9 9 30 32 −2
10. Chunnam Dragons 30 26 7 9 10 24 27 −3 FA Cup winner
11. Jeju United 30 26 8 6 12 27 35 −8
12. Daegu FC 24 26 6 6 14 35 46 −11
13. Busan I'Park 20 26 4 8 14 20 39 −19
14. Gwangju Sangmu Bulsajo 12 26 2 6 18 14 44 −30
Qualification for playoffs and 2008 AFC Champions League
Qualification for playoffs (finals)
Qualification for playoffs (semifinals)
Qualification for playoffs
Note: 2007 Korean FA Cup winner also qualified for 2008 AFC Champions League
Attendance: 8 724
Attendance: 24 772
Ulsan Hyundai Horangi
Gwangju Sangmu Bulsajo
Summer Break June 23 - August 8
This list is including championship playoff goals
1 Cabore Gyeongnam FC 18 26
2 Denilson Daejeon Citizen 14 24
= Dejan Damjanović Incheon United 14 26
4 Stevica Ristić Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors 13 25
5 Luizinho Daegu FC 11 23
6 Mota Seongnam Ilhwa Chunma 9 21
7 Adriano Chuva Daejeon Citizen 8 14
= Lee Keun-Ho Daegu FC 8 20
= Sandro Hiroshi Chunnam Dragons 8 26
= Woo Sung-Yong Ulsan Hyundai Horangi 8 26
At the end of the 2007 season, the K-League attracted 2,073,808 fans and an average of 11,786 fans per game. That puts the K-League at 15th in the world for average attendances for domestic premier leagues for association football (just six fans per match less than the Russian Premier League). Here is a team-by-team report on attendance.
Suwon Samsung Bluewings 25,194 327,526 16,213 41,819
FC Seoul 21,513 279,670 10,574 55,397
Incheon United 16,671 216,728 6,217 25,686
Daegu FC 15,007 180,090 2,085 44,215
Daejon Citizen 14,659 175,914 5,423 28,074
Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors 11,312 135,754 4,328 29,112
Gwangju Sangmu 8,861 115,196 2,678 28,637
Ulsan Horang-i 8,706 113,184 3,628 14,763
Gyeongnam FC 8,625 103,503 3,051 23,192
Chunnam Dragons 8,565 102,780 3,859 13,800
Seongnam Ilhwa Chunma 7,677 99,794 4,236 10,508
Jeju United 6,636 79,635 1,231 20,499
Pohang Steelers 6,572 78,873 1,735 12,596
Busan I'Park 5,012 65,161 1,505 11,075
Championship playoffs
Main article: 2007 K-League Championship
First round Second round Semifinals Finals
2 Suwon Samsung Bluewings Bye
4 Gyeongnam FC 01 (3)0 2 Suwon Samsung Bluewings 0
5 Pohang Steelers (PK) 01 (4)0 5 Pohang Steelers 1
5 Pohang Steelers 2
3 Ulsan Hyundai Horangi 2 3 Ulsan Hyundai Horangi 1
6 Daejeon Citizen 0 5 Pohang Steelers 3 1
1 Seongnam Ilhwa Chunma 1 0
1 Seongnam Ilhwa Chunma Bye
The top six teams in the final table qualify for the playoffs. Fourth will play fifth and third will play sixth. The winners of those two games will then playoff against each other; the winner will then playoff against the team that finished in second place. Finally, the winner of this playoff will face the team that finished in first place over two legs to decide the overall league champions.
Game A
(AET, 3 PK 4)
Cabore 86' Lee Gwang-Jae 68'
Changwon Civil Stadium, Changwon
Game B
Lee Sang-ho 39'
Park Dong-Hyuk 69'
Munsu World Cup Stadium, Ulsan
Game C
Woo Sung-Yong 70' Hwang Jae-Won 34'
Lee Gwang-Jae 76'
Game D
Park Won-Jae 86'
Suwon World Cup Stadium, Suwon
First Leg
Ko Ki-Gu 73'
Lee Gwang-Jae 74' Jang Hak-Young 90+1'
Steelyard Stadium, Pohang
Second Leg
Schwenck 43'
Seongnam 2 Stadium, Seongnam
agg 4–1, Pohang Steelers win
2007 K-League Winners
4th Title
2007 K-League Cup
2007 Korean FA Cup
2007 in South Korean football
K League seasons
Only one division
Regular seasons
Championship Playoff
Two divisions
(1st division)
(2nd division)
(Playoff
K3 League
Domestic cups
KFA Cup
K-League Cup
National League Cup
Asian competitions
Korea Football Association
2007 in Asian football (AFC)
'06–'07
AFC competitions
AFC President's Cup
Lee Chun-Soo
South Korea, South Korea national football team, Feyenoord, Song Chong-gug, Korean FA Cup
Adelaide United FC
Australia, A-League, Spain, Sydney FC, Melbourne Victory FC


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Latest Law enforcement agencies News
WASHINGTON (AP) — U.S. defense officials say they are worried about an insider attack or other threat from service members involved in securing President-elect Joe Biden's inauguration, prompting the FBI to vet all of the 25,000 National Guard troops coming into Washington for the event. The massive...
Small groups of right-wing protesters — some of them carrying rifles — gathered outside heavily fortified statehouses around the country Sunday, outnumbered by National Guard troops and police brought in to prevent a repeat of the violence that erupted at the U.S. Capitol. As darkness fell, there...
The Latest on demonstrating Sunday at statehouses across the country. ___ After a small, peaceful protest at the Ohio Statehouse on Sunday, Gov. Mike DeWine says security levels will remain high in Columbus for Wednesday's presidential inauguration. DeWine praised demonstrators for exercising their free...
The Latest: Azar condemns Capitol riot in resignation letter
WASHINGTON (AP) — The Latest on President Donald Trump's impeachment and the fallout from the Jan. 6 attack of the Capitol by pro-Trump loyalists (all times local): 9:50 p.m. Health and Human Services Secretary Alex Azar is condemning the assault on the U.S. Capitol in his formal letter of resignation....
Mexico says US 'fabricated' charges, releases evidence
MEXICO CITY (AP) — Mexican President Andrés Manuel López Obrador said Friday that the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration had "fabricated" drug trafficking accusations against his country's former defense minister and then his government published what he said was the entire case...
WASHINGTON (AP) — As President Donald Trump's supporters massed outside the Capitol last week and sang the national anthem, a line of men wearing olive-drab helmets and body armor trudged purposefully up the marble stairs in a single-file line, each man holding the jacket collar of the one ahead....
WASHINGTON (AP) — Federal watchdogs launched a sweeping review of how the FBI, the Pentagon and other law enforcement agencies responded to the riot at the U.S. Capitol, including whether there were failures in information sharing and other preparations that left the historic symbol of democracy vulnerable...
FBI: Florida man plotted attack on pro-Trump protesters
TALLAHASSEE, Fla. (AP) — A Florida man was arrested Friday and charged with trying to organize an armed response to pro-President Donald Trump protesters expected at the state Capitol on Sunday, the U.S. Attorney's Office announced. Daniel Baker of Tallahassee was using social media to recruit people in a...
FBI tracking 'extensive' online chatter about armed protests
WASHINGTON (AP) — The FBI is tracking an "extensive amount of concerning online chatter," including calls for armed protests leading up to next week's presidential inauguration, Director Chris Wray said Thursday. Wray, in his first public appearance since the Jan. 6 riot at the U.S. Capitol,...
The Latest: Prosecutors: Arkansas man beat cop with flagpole
WASHINGTON (AP) — The Latest on President Donald Trump's impeachment and the fallout from the Jan. 6 attack of the Capitol by pro-Trump loyalists (all times local): 8:10 p.m. An Arkansas man accused of beating a police officer with a pole flying a U.S. flag during last week's riot at the U.S....


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Pollution Effect on Human Health
HOME » Uncategorized » Pollution Effect on Human Health
Pollution-Effect on Human Health
Pollution definition-pollution meaning:
Main types of pollution :
Types of water pollution :
Pollution effect on human health:
Pollution effect on human health – related to smoke
Pollution effect on human health – related to smog
Pollution damaging Human Body Systems-
Pollution effect on human health – related to Air pollution
Major ill effects of pollution on human health –
Pollution-effect on human health-do you think we all really understand the meaning of this phrase,or do tou think that the picture shown to us by media,and the governing bodies is really the true picture,or there are lots of classified information which we are not aware of,as it was never told to us,it was probably kept hidden from us.lets get our concepts right,even before diving in to "Pollution-effect on human health" lets try to understand this bad boy called pollution.
Pollution-we all have come across this word numerous times ,at present experiencing it and also seeing its ill effects on human body. But this word is very vaguely understood by us and also is explained only partially in schools and institutions and lastly very wrongly interpreted by us.
Pollution definition-pollution meaning is still not very clear to most of us. Let's first understand the meaning of pollution and the definition of pollution. Simple definition of pollution, is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment which cause adverse change.
Water Pollution.
Air Pollution.
Soil Pollution.
Thermal Pollution.
Radioactive Pollution.
Noise Pollution.
Water pollution come from varied sources like
surface water,
groundwater,
microbiological,
oxygen depletion,
suspended matter, and
chemical.
In this air pollution article, we shall discuss about -air pollution definition, air pollution effects, air pollution facts, air pollution causes, air pollution in India, air pollution in china, air pollution in united states, air pollution in japan, air pollution in Singapore, air pollution and health effects, air pollution deaths shall be discussed in subsequent articles.
Now a day you must also have come across news words like Smog, Smoke, and Air-pollution. In a small survey it was came to light that, population understands these words as synonyms. But in reality they are different entities of the big picture called effects of pollution on human body.
The effects produced by pollution on human health is devastating, unfortunately the effects of this air pollution and health effects have just begin and the full blown effect of this pollution and human health will be seen in future. At present the population is only aware of this concept partially, as the correct information regarding the severity of it is never published. Once this is done I can only imagine the wide-spread restlessness the respective governing bodies will have to face and will have no answers for concealing such information and not warning the population about the consequences and ill effects which this pollution is creating on human body.
when we say human body…we all mean a healthy human body in its youth, this is a picture which is created in our mind by this word "human body" .
But we fail to get the complete picture which includes old age, sickness, pregnant mothers, infants, children, adolescent, youth, elderly, all those individuals who are suffering from some kind of illness like heart disease, liver disease, kidney disease, respiratory disease-like asthma, blood diseases, other infections long term and short term, curable and non-curable.
This is a big picture of a small word called human body, and now let's look at yet another bigger picture called "pollution effects on human health".
This article we shall discuss about pollution effect on human health but in relation to air we breathe. Water pollution causes and effects, Water pollution effects on human health and Air pollution deaths we shall discuss in next article.
Moving further let us try to understand correctly the meaning of words like Smoke, Smog and Air pollution.
Smoke is mixture of solid particulate, liquid and gases. This mixture is what is emitted from vehicles, home appliances, construction sites, factories, and various industries in the form of fire and combustion products. Certain gases are the most dreadful ones like-carbon mono-oxide and hydrogen-cyanide. Smoke is generally referred as particles in visible spectrum of human eye, but we have something more to it, there are invisible particles also which also is equally harmful. So if you ever consider your surroundings are clean, healthy & smoke free, you are wrong.
Smog– it is a type of air pollutant. This factor consists of ozone, Sulphur oxide, and nitrogen oxide, smoke and dirt particles. Major sources are from vehicles, industries, agricultural fires, forest fires, and photo chemical reactions of these gases.
Smog is one of the major factors which is most dreadful and has lots of serious ill effects on health, pregnant mothers, premature babies, infants, and health of the general population.
Respiratory system-leading to respiratory diseases of serious nature.
Central nervous system-associated with degenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease due to production of free oxygen radicles.
Premature deaths.
Birth defects and anomalies.
Low weight babies.
Air pollution deaths
Air pollution-this is nothing but all the foreign matter which is introduced in to air or in to the earth's atmosphere. The major constituents are ozone, Sulphur oxide, and nitrogen oxide, smoke, carbon mono-oxide, hydrogen cyanide, volatile gases, free oxygen-radicles, toxic metals-lead, mercury, fumes-ammonia, radio-active pollutants, and dirt particles.
Central Nervous System-free oxygen radicles damaging brain cells leading to autism schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease.
Increase in mortality
Effect on eyes due to pollution.
So as we have seen "effects of pollution on human health" is not just an entity which can be taken for granted but a big hidden picture of smog and smoke which needs immediate consideration as with every breath inhaled the effects are accumulating,and the harm done is irreversible. The effects of this dreaded factor is continuously increasing and our future generations are the ones who will be affected the most.
Urgent and drastic measures must be taken by the governing bodies to deal with such a major issue, which not only has a direct impact on human heath, but indirectly affecting the future generations also.
The future world as shown in Hollywood movies is not far from reality, if strict majors are not taken by the governing bodies at least for,controlling the existing situation,or to remain status-quo and let the destruction of our health and the health of future generation continue until the day when we all will have nothing but the sickness,grief,poverty and above all, questionable existence for you and me,and the entire human race.Our future generations will have to pay a very heavy price for the ignorance and mistakes committed by governing bodies.Such is the saga of "Pollution-Effect on Human Health".
Tags: air pollution, Air Pollution Effects, decreased lung function, development climate, does pollution affect, effects, environment, experience health impacts, global climate change facts, global warming, health effects, Health Effects of Air Pollution, health impacts, health problems, health problems including, How does air pollution affect our health?, How Does Pollution Affect Humans?, how pollution affects the environment, human health, impact of air pollution on human health, Main causes of air pollution, Our environment, Overall Health Effects, pictures of pollution, polluted air high, pollution, pollution affect humans, pollution affects, severe health problems, symptoms such, The Consequences of Pollution, The effects of air pollution on human health, urban development sustainable, urban populations are more exposed, water pollution, world health organization
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carrots improve vision,reduces glass power-fact fiction,eye care guide


text:
Doyle wins the Distinguished Alumni Award
Congratulations to UVA ChE Alum Marc Doyle on winning the 2017 Distinguished Alumni Award!
2017 Hess Lecture: Prof. A.M. "Bramie" Lenhoff
Prof. A.M. "Bramie" Lenhoff (Allan P. Colburn Professor of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware) will give the 2017 Hess Lecture in Chemical Engineering.
Join us Nov 6th for the 2nd Annual UVA Advanced Biomanufacturing Symposium
2nd Annual UVA Advanced Biomanufacturing Symposium
On November 6, 8:15am to 4:00pm at Newcomb Hall, this meeting will bring together experts from industry and academia to discuss topics related to the research, technology...
UVA Engineering's Excellence Through Diversity Distinguished Learning Series Features Full Year of Powerful Speakers
Saul Williams Headlines First Event of 2018 at Charlottesville's Paramount Theater
The University of Virginia's School of Engineering and Applied Science is affirming its core value of excellence through diversity with a year-long speaker series. All events are...
Paolucci Publishes in Science
Incoming Professor Chris Paolucci Publishes in Prestigious Journal Science
Incoming ChE Professor Chris Paolucci recently published research from his doctoral thesis in Science. Prof. Paolucci will start his assistant professor appointment at UVA in...
Geise Research Group Featured in VOA Story on Desalination
Prof. Geoff Geise was recently interviewed for a Voice of America report titled, "Desalination Promises Ample Supply of Fresh Water."
Research Associate (Postdoctoral) Opening - Ford Lab
The Department of Chemical Engineering at the University of Virginia is seeking a Research Associate (Postdoctoral level) to work under the supervision of Dr. Roseanne Ford.
Impact and Leadership - UVA Chemical Engineering Job Openings
ChE @ UVA invites applicants for a tenured or tenure-track position and a research associate (postdoctoral level).
Leading the Way in Multifunctional Materials Integration Initiative
UVA Engineering has launched an initiative to reduce, reuse and recycle heat and energy and create functionalities in technologies that are the backbone of modern society.
Great Careers Start Here - UVA Engineering Faculty Earn Prestigious NSF Awards
Awards span computer science, electrical & computer engineering, materials science and chemical engineering.
Three UVA Engineering faculty members who received National Science Foundation CAREER awards will pursue high-impact research projects.


text:
Monday, 29 October 2018, 16:46 IST
Tech major IBM and Symrise, one of the top global producers of flavours and fragrances, have created industry's first Artificial Intelligence (AI)-designed perfumes for sale.
The AI-based system named "Philyra" can learn about perfume formulas, raw materials, historical success data and industry trends, IBM Research said in a statement late on Saturday.
"Building on previous IBM research using AI to pair flavours and for recipe creation, as well as our new IBM Research AI for Product Composition, we created Philyra," said Richard Goodwin, Principal Research Scientist, IBM Research.
The AI tool uses new and advanced Machine Learning (ML) algorithms to sift through hundreds of thousands of formulas and thousands of raw materials, helping identify patterns and novel combinations.
"Philyra does more than serve up inspiration - it can design entirely new fragrance formulas by exploring the entire landscape of fragrance combinations to discover the whitespaces in the global fragrance market," Goodwin added.
When it comes to new perfume design, "Philyra" learns a distance model to identify fragrances that are close in smell to existing fragrances.
The larger the distance between a fragrance and its neighbours, the more novel the perfume is predicted to be.
Symrise has used "Philyra" to design two perfumes, scheduled to launch in mid-2019.
Symrise's long-term goal is to introduce this technology to their master perfumers around the globe and continue to use the solution for the design of fragrances for personal care and home care products.
The company also plans to introduce "Philyra" into their Perfumery School to help train the next generation of perfumers, firmly embedding AI into the heart of its organisation.
"Our research continues to push the boundaries of augmenting human expertise using AI and demonstrating how AI can assist in domains where creativity is key," said Goodwin.
Now, perfumers can have an AI apprentice by their side that can help make them more productive, and accelerate the design process by guiding them towards formulas that have never been seen before, he added.


Let's draw selfies! Much more fun and original than taking them with your cell phone!
This entry was posted in Art journaling, Life Stuff and tagged art journal peek, collecting quotes, critter, hand writing, watercolours. Bookmark the permalink.
This is what art journaling is all about! The day to day stuff that makes you smile, think, wonder, or giggle about your life! That's why I do it!
Yeah, I like it too . . . collage or no collage it's the sentiment that counts.
After reading that, I think more women ought to put a hamster on their head and see what happens.
I loved this spread :) There are less layers compared to your usual pages, but i liked this much more.


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Circle K is an international Non-Governmental Not-for-profit service and character development organization, lead by young professionals in tertiary education sectors across the globe. Circle K is a subsidiary of Kiwanis International and is also partiallyA�A�sponsored by them. Circle K clubs operate on three core tenets: service, leadership and fellowship. We areA�A�the worlds LARGEST student lead collegiate service organizationA�A�and one of the worlds most prestigious service organization.


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Home Chevron icon It indicates an expandable section or menu, or sometimes previous / next navigation options. Science
3 factors are brewing the perfect storm for shark attacks
These guys may look fierce, but your chances of getting bitten by one are vanishingly slim.
Stonybrook University
More than half a dozen shark attacks have happened in North Carolina in the last three weeks — nearly as many as happened all of last year.
Experts say this season has brewed up something of a perfect storm for the attacks.
Here's what's happening:
1. Warmer water
According to Chuck Bangley, a shark researcher at East Carolina University in Greenville, North Carolina, sharks typically migrate north along the East Coast from Florida during the summer, when the water gradually warms up to about 75 or 80 degrees Fahrenheit. (Most of the sharks are blacktip sharks, but there are bull sharks and tiger sharks too.)
A massive heatwave in mid-June this year happened just before many of the recent shark attacks off the Carolinas. The warmer temperatures may have attracted a lot more sharks to the area. Also, the hotter weather probably drew a lot of people to the beach.
Together, it may have been the perfect recipe for the attacks.
The timing of the bites supports this explanation. With the exception yesterday's, all of the attacks seem to be moving northward. That's because the sharks (and their prey) have probably been following the warm water, Bangley said.
2. People swimming near tasty fish bait
The victims of two attacks that occurred off Oak Island within 90 minutes of each other on June 14 were both swimming within 100 yards of fishing piers, news outlets reported. Fisherman often clean their fish at these piers and throw bait into the water, and the smell may have attracted sharks, Bangley said.
3. Dry weather and salty water
In addition, parts of North Carolina have experienced drought conditions for several weeks, so there's been less freshwater runoff. That means the ocean water near the shore may have been higher than normal, and most sharks prefer saltier water, George Burgess, director of the International Shark Attack File at the University of Florida's Florida Museum of Natural History, told Live Science.
How to avoid a shark attack
The good news is that shark attacks are still extremely rare — the odds are about 1 in 11.5 million, according to the Florida Museum of Natural History — and the chances of dying from one are even more slim.
You're far more likely to be killed by car accidents, dogs, or bees, as the Washington Post reported recently. The last shark attack death in North Carolina happened in 2001, according to the ISAF.
When sharks do attack, it's typically a case of mistaken identity. Sharks definitely aren't trying to kill people. "If sharks actually wanted to target people, you'd probably never be able to swim off the coast of North Carolina," he said. "We're not that hard to catch!"
Nevertheless, there are some things you can do to avoid becoming an unwitting shark's lunch. Bangley recommends avoiding swimming in areas where people fish and clean their catch, because sharks are attracted by the smell of bait and fish guts.
You should also avoid places sharks feed, like large schools of fish, which may appear as dark blobs in the water or ripples on the surface. Birds can often be found diving into these areas as well. You don't want to find out the hard way that there's a shark there, Bangley said.
Even though sharks get a bad rap, they may actually be good for an ecosystem. They sometimes guard fish nurseries by scaring off dolphins and big fish that prey on them.
"Sharks are a really important cog in the food web," Bangley said.
Sign up for our newsletter to get the latest on the culture & business of sustainability — delivered weekly to your inbox.
NOW WATCH: 5 scientifically proven ways to make someone fall in love with you
Sharks Animals Marine Life


If you are over 10 years of age and you would like to learn to climb and belay independently, you should take our youth course. This course is meant for children that have just taken an introduction lesson and would like get into this sport. Or children who have climb more often with adults would now like to try it by themselves.
The youth course is made up of 4 lessons on Saturday mornings from 11:00 to 13:00 and will start the first Saturday of each month. The course will start with 4 or more participants. Keep in mind that during the summer months (july and august) it is really quiet in Klimmuur Centraal. There is a chance the course will not take place. To be sure, jus contact us.
During the youth course you will learn to climb and belay independently. A very responsible task! How to learn the ropes? How to check your climbing partner? What is belaying exactly? What are the basic techniques in climbing? Lots of questions that we'll answer during these classes. In 4 lesson we'll be working towards you being able climb and belay independently and thus getting your certificate. With this you can continue to our youth club!
The course costs € 79,00 for 4 classes, including a month's pass afterwards for the klimmuur. The price also includes climbing equipment, special climbing shoes, and the month's pass. During the month's free climbing the rental gear you need is not included.


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You are here:	SFO > Case Information > Saunders Electrical Wholesalers Ltd
Saunders Electrical Wholesalers Ltd
Jolan Saunders pleaded guilty in July 2015 to one count of conspiracy to defraud and one count of acting as a director of a company whilst disqualified. He was sentenced to seven years in prison for the conspiracy to defraud charge and one year, to run concurrently, for acting as a director whilst disqualified.
Strubel and Steinberg, who were both tried and found guilty by a jury in February this year, were sentenced to seven years and six years and nine months respectively.
They were charged, on 11 March 2013, with conspiracy to defraud investors in an alleged investment fraud related to electrical contracts in the hotel sector. Jolan Saunders was additionally charged with acting as a director of a company whilst disqualified.
Outcome of criminal case
Jolan Saunders pleaded guilty to one count of conspiracy to defraud and to acting as a director of a company whilst disqualified. Michael Strubel was found guilty of conspiracy to defraud. Spencer Steinberg was found guilty of conspiracy to defraud.
Jolan Saunders was sentenced to seven years in prison for the conspiracy to defraud charge and one year, to run concurrently, for acting as a director whilst disqualified.
Michael Strubel and Spencer Steinberg were sentenced to seven years and six years and nine months respectively.
Renewed applications made by Saunders, Strubel and Steinberg for leave to appeal against sentence and for Strubel and Steinberg against conviction, were heard at the Court of Appeal on 11 April 2017. All applications were refused.
Page published on 11 Feb 2015 | Page modified on 6 Feb 2019
Confiscation proceedings
Other organisations involved
Hertfordshire Constabulary
Serious Organised Crime Agency (now the National Crime Agency)
Ponzi fraudsters sentenced to a total of 21 years
24 May 2016 | News Releases
Guilty verdicts in £45m investment fraud scheme
8 Feb 2016 | News Releases
Three men charged in Ponzi-style scheme
11 Mar 2013 | News Releases


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Von der Leyen's EU vote far from sure
Former German defence minister Ursula von der Leyen would become the first-ever woman to lead the European Commission (Photo: consilium.europa.eu)
By Andrew Rettman
Unhappy socialist and liberal MEPs could upset Ursula von der Leyen's bid to be the next European Commission president in a vote this week.
That might "not be the end of Europe," but it would make an even bigger mess in the EU top jobs system.
If she scrapes through after doing a deal with populists, it could also bode ill for future EU leadership.
The German centre-right candidate needs at least 374 out of 747 votes to get past the finish line at 6PM in Strasbourg on Tuesday (16 July).
The parliament normally has 751 MEPs, but four of them have not taken up their seats yet.
If things go as her team predicts, she might get more than 400 in what would be a strong mandate to take the European helm amid turbulent times.
She would need all the centre-right and liberal MEPs and a substantial majority of socialists to do it.
The Greens, eurosceptic MEPs, and far-left ones have said they will vote against her, but she has the centre-right and liberals on paper and the socialist split appeared to be tilting her way.
The German socialists had led the attack, even circulating a pamphlet in Brussels last week entitled "Why Ursula von der Leyen is an inadequate and unsuitable candidate".
But over the weekend two big names from Germany's centre-left SPD party - former party chief Sigmar Gabriel and former interior minister Otto Schily - publicly urged MEPs to back her.
A Danish socialist MEP, Christel Schaldemose, also told Danish Radio on Sunday "at least" half the socialists would vote for her.
"She is likely to get it because the whole EPP [the centre-right group] and the liberals will back her. Enough socialists will also back her, especially the Spanish delegation, which wants to secure the EU Council deal, so it can get Borrell into a top job," a source from the liberal Renew Europe group told EUobserver.
The EU leaders' deal, agreed earlier this month, envisaged making Spain's socialist foreign minister, Josep Borrell, the next EU foreign relations chief as part of a package including von der Leyen's nomination.
But Tuesday's secret ballot - a format which favours party rebels - could cause an upset.
For their part, British diplomats estimated von der Leyen would only get 357 votes in an informal calculation doing the rounds in EP corridors.
The British count assumed all Renew Europe MEPs would toe the group line.
But an EP source said up to 20 of Renew Europe's 108 deputies might abstain in protest, especially if von der Leyen declined the group's demand to reform the EU election system.
Her defeat "would not be the end of Europe", Luxembourg's socialist foreign minister Jean Asselborn told German newspaper Die Welt on Sunday.
"If Frau von der Leyen is not elected, one more round will be needed ... the [EU] Council would have one month to come up with another idea [candidate]," he said.
But that scenario would make an even worse mess in the EU institutions, after EU leaders recently broke their own rules on nominations, the so-called 'Spiztenkandidat' system, in favour of old-fashioned horse-trading.
It would be so unwelcome, the vote should be postponed until September unless von der Leyen was sure to win, Schaldemose, the Danish MEP said.
One way to avoid it would be for von der Leyen to make a deal with the Greens.
And the EP source said her office had held talks on giving the Greens a senior portfolio in the next EU commission, even though "nothing could be guaranteed" in terms of an outcome.
PiS deal?
Another way would be for her to court the anti-federalist ECR group, the fifth largest with 62 MEPs.
But "the entire ECR group would vote against her" unless other groups let Poland's ruling PiS party, a major ECR member, install its candidate, former prime minister Beata Szydlo, as the chair of the EU parliament's employment committee, another EP source said.
And the prospect of the new commission chief relying on the support of one of Europe's most populist parties, PiS, which has triggered an EU sanctions procedure against Poland over abuse of rule of law, would not be a pretty one, Luxembourg's Asselborn said.
Von der Leyen "has to express [herself] without doubt in support of the non-negotiability of rule of law ... in other words, against the Europe of Orban, Kaczynski, Le Pen, and Salvini," Asselborn said, naming PiS chief Jaroslaw Kaczynski, and three other leading EU populists from Hungary, France, and Italy.
EU parliament to vote on von der Leyen next week
EU top jobs: winners, losers, and institutional battles
Who are the EU's new leaders?
Von der Leyen reaches out to left and liberal MEPs
What did we learn from the von der Leyen vote?
Von der Leyen's final appeal to secure top EU post
MEPs will vote next Tuesday on the new commission president candidate, but her approval is far from certain. Von der Leyen will have to rely on votes from the right wing of the parliament to get the top job.
The decision on the top jobs shed light on key developments in the EU: the changing of the centre-right guard, the failure of the spitzen-system, Germany's confidence, Macron's political success, and the illiberal problem.
Three out of the four people to lead the EU institutions in Brussels for the next five years were selected Tuesday, but none are well-known outside their own countries. The fourth, the European Parliament president, is to be chosen Wednesday.
European Commission candidate Ursula von der Leyen has pledged a "fresh start" on migration and new powers for the EP in letters seeking socialist and liberal support.
The vote on von der Leyen showed the fundamental change in EU politics. The rise of the European Parliament, the power of political parties, and the fragmentation of politics, are new realities to be taken into account.
European Commission presidential-hopeful Ursula von Der Leyen delivered her key appeal in the European Parliament to secure the post. Her appeal appeared to appease most of the political groups - but a lack of specifics, and opposition from Greens remain.
Wilmès becomes first female PM of Belgium
On Sunday, Sophie Wilmès was appointed as the new prime minister of Belgium - becoming the first female head of government in the country's history. She replaces Charles Michel who becomes president of the European Council.
Far right to double support in east German election
One in four Germans hold antisemitic views, amid a surge in popularity by the far-right AfD party, whose leader once demanded a "180-degree U-turn" on Germany's WW2 guilt.


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HMS Alert foi um  sloop-of-war de 17 canhões da Marinha Real Britânica lançado em 1856 e quebrado em 1894. Foi o décimo primeiro navio da Marinha Real Britânica a utilizar tal nome (ou uma variante deste) e se destacou no trabalho de exploração do Ártico, em 1876, atingiu oParalelo 82 N. Serviu por um breve momento a Marinha dos Estados Unidos, o navio terminou sua carreira no Serviço da Marinha Canadense.

Construção
O navio foi projetado conforme as orientações do Lord John Hay e depois de seu "Comitê de Referência" se desmontar, sua construção foi supervisionada por Sir Baldwin Walker. Ordenado em conjunto com seu navio irmão Falcon em 2 de abril de 1853, foi entregue no Estaleiro da Marinha Real, Pembroke Dock em janeiro de 1855. Foi equipado em Chatham com dois cilindros horizontais com motor a vapor de expansão única, que foi fornecido por Ravenhill & Salkeld ao custo de £6,052 e gerando uma força de; navegado por apenas uma hélice, tinha a velocidade máxima de .

História

Estação do Pacífico (1857–1868)
Alert passou os primeiros 11 anos na Estação do Pacífico com base no Estaleiro da Marinha Real Britânica de Esquimalt no extremo sul da Ilha Vancouver, no Canadá. Durante este período voltou à Plymouth entre outubro de 1861 e maio de 1863 para reparos. Este era a função que sua classe fora projetada - o policiamento do império marítimo da Grã-Bretanha.

Exploração do Ártico (1874–1876)

A partir de 1874 Alert passou a ser utilizado como barco de exploração no Ártico. Com o motor original substituído por um motor de expansão composto da R & W Hawthorn com a capacidade da caldeira aumentada para , seu armamento foi reduzido para quatro canhões e seu casco foi reforçado com com ferro. Acima da linha d´água foi revestido com teca e abaixo dele ulmeiro canadense e breu de pinho. As modificações aumentaram a tonelagem do navio em 1,240 tons.

A Expedição Ártica Britânica foi comandada pelo Capitão George Strong Nares e era composta pelo Alert (Capitão Nares) e Discovery (Capitão Henry Frederick Stephenson). A expedição tinha como destino o Polo Norte através de Smith Sound, uma passagem marítima entre a Groelândia e a ilha mais ao norte do Canadá, Ilha Ellesmere. Geógrafos contemporâneos propuseram que poderia haver um Mar polar aberto e que se a camada grossa de gelo em torno dele fossem superados, o acesso ao Pólo Norte por mar seria possível. Desde quando Edward Augustus Inglefield penetrou Smith Sound em 1852, esta tem sido a melhor rota de acesso ao norte.

Apesar de encontrar uma camada de gelo mais grossa do que o esperado, a expedição superou este obstáculo.  Deixando Discovery para passar o inverno em Lady Franklin Bay, Alert seguiu caminho por mais  através do Canal Robeson, estabelecendo seu alojamento de inverno na Praia Floeberg. A primavera de 1876 presenciou atividades consideráveis por trenó, mapeando as costas da Ilha Ellesmere e da Groenlândia, mas o escorbuto começara a se manifestar com o Alertapresentando maior incidência.  Em 3 de abril, o segundo em comando do Alert, Albert Hastings Markham, levou um grupo ao norte na tentativa de atingir o polo. Em 11 de maio, tendo feito pouco progresso atingiram sua maior latitude  83° 20' 26"N.  Sofrendo de cegueira da neve, escorbuto e exaustão eles retornaram.

A expedição foi recompensada no seu retorno, Nares foi nomeado cavaleiro e Markham foi promovido a Capitão. A geografia do norte do Canadá e Groelândia repleta de nomes de pessoas ligadas à expedição: Estreito de Nares, Lago Nares, Plataforma de gelo Markham, Plataforma de gelo Ayles, Monte Ayles. O lugar permanentemente habitado mais ao norte da Terra, o assentamento de Alert, ao norte da Ilha Ellesmere, foi nomeado em homenagem ao navio.

Empréstimo à Marinha dos Estados Unidos (1884)
Adolphus Greely liderou a Lady Franklin Bay Expedition ao Ártico em 1881. Dois navios de abastecimento não conseguiram atingir seu grupo e deixaram a expedição em 1883, também falhando em retirar a equipe. A Marinha dos Estados Unidos reuniu uma expedição de socorro em 1884 sob o comando do Capitão W S Schley e Alert foi oferecido. Emprestado à Marinha dos Estados Unidos sob o comando do Capitão George W Coffin em 20 de fevereiro 1884, foi utilizado para estabelecer depósitos provisórios para ajudar USS Bear no resgate de Greely e seus homens.

Dois membros da expedição de Greely, o Tenente James B. Lockwood e o Sargento David Legge Brainard atingiram um novo recorde 83° 30'N, 4 milhas mais próximo do polo do que Markham atingiu em 1876. Lockwood 19 membros da expedição morreram, Greely, Brainard e quatro outros sobreviveram.

Empréstimo ao Governo Canadense
Em setembro de 1880, o Reino Unido transferiu seus direitos na soberania do Ártico ao Canadá. De 1884 a 1886, o Serviço da Marinha Canadense do Departamento da Marinha e Pesca enviou uma expedição à Baía de Hudson para estabelecer um posto de observação e estimar o comprimento da estação de navegação livre no gelo.

Navios de 1856
Navios a vapor
Marinha Real Britânica
Navios auxiliares da Marinha Real Britânica
Navios veleiro


Metalloproteins represent a large portion of the total proteome. When bound to a protein a metal ion influences both protein stability and function through structural, catalytic or regulatory roles. Discovery of a metal ion cofactor presents new insight into both the structural and functional aspects of a protein and can be essential for the elucidation of the functional and mechanistic details of a protein of interest. The cupin, 2-oxoglutarate/Fe2+-dependent oxygenases (2OG oxygenases) and the di-iron oxygenase families of metalloproteins exemplify the diversity and catalytic potential of a metal ion cofactor, as well as the conservation of 3-dimensional fold and structural features in proteins with similar functions. The structural and biochemical characterization of three novel microbial metalloenzymes are presented; two Escherichia coli hypothetical proteins of previously unknown function, E. coli cupin sugar isomerase (EcSI) and a 2OG oxygenase, YcfD, and the novel microbial carbon-phosphorus (C-P) bond cleavage enzyme, PhnZ, are presented. In each case the identification of a metal ion cofactor and structure determination led to important functional insights. EcSI is encoded by a gene that is highly conserved among pathogenic bacteria. It has been identified as a sugar isomerase with specificity for the rare sugar D-lyxose as well as D-mannose based on structural homology to the cupin phosphoglucose isomerases, suggesting a role for EcSI in metabolism of alternative carbon sources. Structural homology of YcfD, the second metalloenzyme, to the 2OG oxygenase family, particularily human proteins involved in ribosome assembly, combined with evidence that YcfD interacts with the essential ribosomal protein L-16 provides the first evidence of translational regulation by a 2OG oxygenase in E. coli. The third metalloenzyme, PhnZ, was previously identified as an iron dependent oxygenase. Structural characterization revealed that PhnZ possesses a di-iron cofactor and shows significant structural homology to a di-iron oxygenase, providing structural evidence for its novel mechanism of C-P bond cleavage. Combined, these three structures also highlight several features of metal ion-enzyme interaction and regulation mechanisms employed by metalloenzymes as well as the importance of structure in the elucidation of functional and mechanistic characteristics of a protein.