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Research article | Open | Published: 31 August 2012
Impact of distance education via mobile phone text messaging on knowledge, attitude, practice and self efficacy of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Iran
Mandana Goodarzi1,
Issa Ebrahimzadeh1,
Alireza Rabi2,
Bahman Saedipoor1 &
Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi3
Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disordersvolume 11, Article number: 10 (2012) | Download Citation
To evaluate the impacts of using SMS on improving laboratory test levels and Knowledge, Attitude, Practice (KAP) and Self Efficacy (SE) of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in Iran.
In this randomized controlled trial study, a total of 81 type 2 diabetes patients were randomly assigned into two groups exp. group (n = 43) and cont. group (n = 38). Only exp. group received 4 messages weekly consisted of diet, exercise, medication taking and. The researchers provided the intervention for 12 weeks. Data were collected with results of laboratory tests and KAP, SE reliable and valid questionnaires and demographic characteristics list. Data gathering at the baseline of the study and after 3 months intervention and was analyzed by SPSS11.5 software using descriptive and inferential statistics methods.
The results of this study showed that exp. group compared with cont. group improved significantly in HbA1C (p = 0.024), LDL (p = 0.019), cholesterol (p = 0.002), BUN (p ≤ 0.001), micro albumin (p ≤ 0.001), knowledge (p ≤ 0.001), practice (p ≤ 0.001) and self efficacy (p ≤ 0.001).
The finding of this study demonstrate the effectiveness of intervention using SMS via mobile phone in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Thus, further studies are recommended for wide usage of distance education with mobile phone utilization.
The prevalence of type 2 (DM) in Iran has grown over the past decade [1]. Type 2 DM is a chronic and commonest disease requiring lifelong medical and life style adjustment [2]. Managing DM and its complications is very costly. Many studies have shown that control of hyperglycemia in diabetic patients can prevent or reduce the risks of diabetic complication [3]. Postprandial hyperglycemia has been associated with increased risk of micro- and macro vascular complications [4]. The glycemic control is poor among patients with diabetes in Iran like many other countries [5]. Better glycemic control can be achieved by improving patient's knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP) and self efficacy (SE).
Study of Goodarzi et al. on type 2 DM patients of Karaj Diabetes Association (K.D.A) revealed middle knowledge, practice, SE and good attitude toward diabetes [6]. There is increasing amount of evidence that patient education is the most effective way to improve the patient's KAP and SE [7]. Where traditional intervention have not been successful in reaching out to all, theory- based mobile e-health behavioral interventions are more likely to succeed and have the potential of lowering healthcare costs by lowering the use of healthcare resources. Cell phones, a common everyday technology, are already in the hands of millions of people. Harnessing this technology for improving the health of populations would be a step in the right direction [8].
New models of diabetes management systems using short message service (SMS) by mobile phone communication might be the most cost- effective tool for improving the quality of care for patients with type 2 diabetes. Mobile phones have had considerable impact in developing countries [9–11]. Communication by mobile phone is less expensive than alternative options such as land telephones or internet [12]. Three operators are currently serving more than 51 million mobile SIM cards in Iran, equating to penetration rate of mobile phone around 69%. SMS is widely used among mobile phone users especially the teenagers and adolescents. In early 2010, more than 40 million SMS's were communicated each day by the main operator. This emerging telecommunication facility has provided new grounds of applications in health care. One of them is the investigated effectiveness of SMS education program on knowledge of patients about diabetes [3]. Another study investigated effects of SMS and telephone follow- up on improving HbA1C level [13]. Also, a study was done by Nesari et al. on follow- up over telephone to manage hyperglycemia and lipids for type 2 DM patients [14]. Except these studies yet, adequate attention has not been given to the use of this widely available and inexpensive tool in Iran. Hence, we decided in this study to investigate the effectiveness of an educational program via text massaging for management of type 2 DM patients from the Karaj, Iran. The aim is to evaluate how intervention through the SMS of mobile phone would improve blood glucose, lipid profile levels and other laboratory test, KAP and SE levels after 3 months period.
In this randomized control trial study, participants were recruited from the Karaj Diabetes association (K.D.A.). The data were collected from 22 June to 22 September 2011 for a period of three months. Diabetic patients of both genders, above 30 years of age and ready to sign the consent form, were included in the study. Diabetes was diagnosed by specialist doctor according to the ADA criteria [15]. The inclusion criteria were diagnosed case of type 2 diabetes for more than one year, having mobile phone with ability to handle its SMS feature or having access to one belonging to a relative. The ability to read and write, sufficient vision power, having no problem in hearing and vocalization and no history of psychiatric diseases, HbA1C of above than 7%. They were excluded is if they had a clinical history of major illness such as renal insufficiency with creatinine level > 1.5 mg/dl, hepatic insufficiency and mental illness.
Sample size was determined by considering primary information on HbA1C from study by Zolfaghari, 2009 (SMS group: -1/01 (SD = 0/01) and telephone group: -0/03 (SD = 0/13) [13], and a confidence level of 95% and a power of 90%, utilizing Pocock formula at least 50 patients in each group. Finally 100 patients were selected on a random sampling scheme where in a list of random numbers was provided before data collection using the software. Admission order of the patients was considered as their ID number and based on the randomization on the ID number the patients were recruited in the study. For allocation to exp. and cont. groups, the researchers use RAS software and randomized by random permuted block design by a size of 2. From all patients in the exp. group (n = 50) and cont. group (n = 50) of the study population only 81 subjects completed the entire study, 43 subjects in exp. group and 38 subjects in cont. group with a response rate of 81% in total. The researchers excluded due to several reasons. In exp. group, two subjects admitted to hospital, one emigrated from Karaj, one bought a new mobile without Persian text message, three patients did not like to continue the study protocol. In control. group, five subjects were withdrawn from the study because they did not revisit the K.D.A. and seven subjects, did not completed questionnaires in post test Therefore, we report data from the 81 subjects who remained to complete the study protocol.
At enrollment, the patient's demographic characteristics details, body mass index-BMIa (kg/m2),family history of DM,b information disease, disease complications, disease treatment, smoking status,c systolic blood pressure(SBP) and diastolic blood pressure(DBP) were obtained in a suitably designed patient profile form. Additionally, laboratorial tests values like last first blood sugar or glucose (L-FBS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), micro albumin, BUN, creatinin (Cra) were recorded from the patient's file, KAP and SE questionnaires were completed as pre - test data. The L-FBS, HbA1C, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, micro albumin, BUN, Cra, KAP and SE levels were measured again 3 months later (12 weeks) as post test data. Patient's blood and urine were measured in the Bahar laboratory at the near of K.D.A. Patient's blood was drown in vains for HbA1 C, FBS, lipids, Cr, BUN measurements. HbA1 was determined by a high-performance liquid chromatography technique.
Prior to starting any education program it is appropriate to gauge the awareness level of the community under study by conducting a KAP study. This will help in implementing a health education program tailored to the needs of the particular community. A suitably designed and validated KAP and self efficacy questionnaire was administered at baseline and at the final follow-up to all the study patients to assess awareness regarding the disease and management. The questionnaires covered four areas: knowledge, attitude, practice and self efficacy. There were a total of 30 questions, consisting of 14 questions related to knowledge about diabetes, 5 questions to assess the attitude of the patient towards the disease, 6 questions regarding practices, which reflect how the patients put their knowledge and attitude into action and 5 questions about self efficacy. One point was awarded for each correct answer and none for an incorrect and unsure answer in part of knowledge and practice. Knowledge and practice (correct answer:1point, incorrect:0point). For part of attitude and self efficacy use Likert-scale in range 5 to 20 score. Attitude (completely agree:4point,agree:3point, disagree:2point, completely disagree:1point), self efficacy (completely sure:4point, fairly sure:3point, less sure:2point, have not sure absolotly:1point). These questionnaires were filled in a face to face interview with the investigator.
Validity and reliability of the measures
The KAP and self efficacy showed good content validity (CVI values > 80% and CVR values > 99%) based on the evaluation of 6 expert in the field of internal medicine, endocrinology and metabolism disorders and education. The reliability of the measures were assessed based on both internal consistency and stability over time by repeating the questionnaire for a 30 randomly selected subjects. The measure showed reasonable internal consistency (α = 75%) and test- retest reliability (ICC = .80 and 95%, CI ≥ .9) [16, 17].
Suitably designed patient profile form
The patient's demographic characteristics such as: sex (female: 1, male: 2), age (years), marital (single: 1, married: 2, widowed: 3), education level (reading and writing: 1, cycle: 2, diploma: 3, up diploma: 4, bsc and upper: 5), occupation (staff: 1, free: 2, unemployed: 3, house wife: 4, other: 5), child (number), physiological characteristic such as: family history (yes: 1, no: 2), body mass index (18.5-24.9: 1, 25.0-29.9: 2, 30-39.9: 3), smoking status (yes: 1, no: 2), length of time since diagnosis of diabetes or information disease (yes: 1, no: 2), disease complications (yes: 1, no: 2), disease treatment (without: 1, diet: 2, oral drugs: 3, insulin: 4, insulin & drugs: 5, insulin & diet: 6, oral drugs & diet: 7), Systolic blood pressure (mm/Hg) and Diastolic blood pressure (mm/Hg) and laboratory test values like: last fasting blood glucose (mg/dl), glycosylated hemoglobin (%), BMI (kg/m2), micro albumin μg/dl (yes: 1, no: 2), TC (mg/dl), HDL-C (mg/dl), LDL-C (mg/dl), TG (mg/dl) BUN (mg/dl), Cr (mg/dl) were recorded from the patient's exam report were obtained in a suitably designed patient profile form. Changes in the KAP and SE score, glycemic control and lipid profile were investigated at the end of study. The KAP and SE questionnaires responses were analyzed and used to develop an appropriate educational program.
The goal of the intervention was to maintain blood glucose, lipids, BUN, creatinin, within a normal range and HbA1C < 7% with increase of patient's knowledge, attitude, practice and self efficacy about diabetes. Before the intervention, each patient was instructed by a researcher about how to use their own mobile phone and to check their ability to read SMS and match the time for sending message and telephone follow- up. The researchers provided the intervention for 3 months (12 weeks). Patients in the exp. group could receive 4 messages weekly consisting of information about exercise, diet, diabetic medication, important of self- monitoring blood glucose levels and they could receive the messages at any place where access was possible by mobile phone. Recommendations covered four areas, included knowledge, attitude, practice and self efficacy. Sample recommendations related to knowledge were as follows:
""the symptoms of hypoglycemia are hungry, pail, chilling, sweating cold, confusion, palpitation", "every 6–12 months visit by ophthalmologist". Related to attitude were :"diabetes disease can be control if you change your life style","a significant of patient are success in daily life". Related to practice were: "please increase vegetables in every meal", "please examine your feet every day". Related to self efficacy were: "try to visit by your family physician every two months", "self monitoring of your blood glucose is necessary"."
Overall 48 messages were sent to patients during the intervention. The control group did not receive any educational message during this time by researchers.
For ethical considerations, the research protocol was approved by ethics committee of Islamic Azad University- Karaj and this trial is registered with Iranian Registery of Clinical Trials. Registration ID in IRCT is IRCT201112158416N1.
Written consent was obtained from these patients who agree to participate in the study. Anonymity and confidentiality were guaranteed to participants.
All analyses were performed using SPSS 11.5 software (SPSS Inc, Chicago IL) the data were summarized by mean (SD) and frequency (percent) for quantitative and qualitative variables respectively. The normality of the numeric variables was tested and confirmed using K-S test. The comparison of proportions defined by categorical variables were compared using chi square tests between experimental and control groups. Independent samples t-tests were used to investigate the differences of numeric variables between experimental and control groups before intervention and for assessing these differences after intervention Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) has been used adjusting for baseline measurements and confounders(such as age and information disease). For qualitative variable the Mantel-Hansel test was used to assess after intervention differences adjusting for baseline measurements. The differences between before and after intervention were tested using paired samples T-tests and Mc-Namara Tests in each group respectively for quantitative and qualitative variables. P < 0.05 was considered as significant.
The mean age of exp. group was 50.98 (SD = 10.32) years and that of the control group was 56.71 (SD = 9.77) years. The mean of information disease was 6 years in exp. group and 10 years in control group. There was no significant difference in sex, marital, education, occupation, family history, smoking status, disease complications and disease treatment. At the pre- test, no significant difference was found in BMI, last FBS, HbA1C, LDL, TG, CT, BUN, Cr, BP, micro albumin, knowledge, practice and self efficacy levels between the groups (Table 1). There was a significant change in HbA1C (p = 0.024), LDL (p = 0.19), cholesterol (p = 0.002), BUN (p ≤ 0/001), micro albumin (p < 0.001) for the exp. group (Table 2). There was a significant change in knowledge (p < 0.001), practice (p < 0.001) and SE (p < 0.001) for the exp. group (Table 3). For other characteristics there was no differ significantly.
Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical data of the examination and control groups
Table 2 Comparison of the results laboratory tests of pre- and post- test in exp. and control groups
Table 3 Comparison of the results of KAP and SE questionnaires of pre- and post- test in exp. and control groups
There was a significant percentage change in knowledge (p < 0/001), with a mean change of 53.95 (7.97 pre- test to 10.83 after three months), and also in practice for the exp. group (p < 0/001), with a mean change of 38.57 (3.72 pre-test to 4.93 after three months) and percentage change in SE (p < 0/000), with a mean change of 13.19 (15.34 pre-test to 17.02 after three months (Table 4).
Table 4 Results of mean (SD = Std. Deviation) of percent change
Management of D.M. not only requires the prescription of appropriate nutritional and pharmacological regime by the physician but also intensive education of the patient [18]. Large studies about this relationship have used characteristics such as HbA1C, lipids, KAP and SE as the index of diabetes management [3, 13, 19, 20]. This study revealed that text message via mobile phone intervention could improve KAP, SE and laboratory test levels in patients with type 2 diabetes in a randomized control trial. In this study, HbA1C levels decreased in exp. group greater than cont. group after 3 months compared with two baseline (p = 0/24). Previous studies showed the following result: a comparative study to effectiveness of SMS versus telephone call on HbA1C in type 2 diabetes resulted in a decrease level of HbA1C 1/01% in SMS group and 0/93% in telephone group after 12 weeks [13]. Results of this study showed that LDL (p = 0/19) and total cholesterol (p = 0/002) levels decreased in exp. Group after 3 months compared with cont. group; but other lipids such as TG and HDL did not differ significantly with two groups. In a similar study, Kim and Yoon reported that, total cholesterol, TG and HDL did not differ significantly [20]. Nesari et al. reported that 12 weeks follow- up examination of HbA1C and lipids levels in D.M. patients by telephone call management caused mean decreased of HbA1C, TG, total cholesterol and LDL; but similar our study, in HDL level did not differ significant [14]. It is believed that the period of intervention was not enough to change the HDL levels. In this study BUN (p ≤ 0/001) and micro albumin (p ≤ 0/001) decreased in exp. group compared with cont. group. Measurement of these items did not show in any study. This study shown that sending educational SMS via mobile phone is significantly effective in increasing knowledge of exp. group compared cont. group (p ≤ 0/001). Fatehi et al. reported that educated via SMS for 45 days could increase knowledge level in exp. group compared cont. group. They suggested that this intervention period was short and changing in attitude and SE must be regarded for further studies [3]. Ferrer- Roca et al. and Roberto E. Isquierdo et al. in similar study achieved same result [21, 22].
In our study practice (p ≤ 0.001) and SE (p ≤ 0.001) levels was increased in exp. group after 3 months compared with cont. group; but attitude level did not differ significantly with two groups. It is believed that change in the attitude level needs a long term period. The higher percentage of yes answers from patients with positive family history of diabetes was surprising, (exp. group = 75.6%, cont. group = 78.9%). A study by Javadi et al. [23] showed that patients with positive family history were more aware of the role of heredity, of diet as a mode of therapy, and of long- term complications of diabetes mellitus. This shows the rapid emergence of diabetes mellitus among the general population. We also observed that 83.7% of exp. group and 75.9% of cont. group were overweight or obese. A study by Malathy et al. [19] showed similar result, which indicates the stressful life style and the poor level of awareness regarding the benefits of physical activity and exercises in reducing the BMI. About the strength of this study, it can be pointed out that the outcomes such as KAP, SE and metabolic control of patients are comprehensive which is not the case in similar studies. The limitation of this study was that 19 subjects of participants were lost and it seems related to role of motivation in self care. Also the intervention period was not enough to change the variables such as attitude and HDL.
It seems that having better understanding of the effectiveness of mobile phone intervention in improving healthcare results and its process; larger controlled and possibly multicenter studies with longer period in intervention need to be used. Healthcare providers should be willing to use this common technology. Thus, studies are needed for effectiveness of costs and technical financial studies and adaption with real clinical situations. Mobile phones, with the combination of voices and text messages, their independent and flexible situations are a great opportunity for designing and providing the healthcare interventions for the community.
aBMI: The weight (in kilograms) divided by the square of the height (in meters). Classification of overweight and obesity were as per the recommendations of the national heart, lung. And blood institute.1998.according to this classification. patients with BMI of 18.5-24.9 kg/m2 were considered as normal,25.0-29.9 kg/m2 was over weight and 30.0-39.9 kg/m2 was considered obese.
b Family history of DM: Diabetic patients whose first-degree relatives developed DM before the age of 60.were categorized as patients with a positive history of DM.
c Smokers: Individuals who reported to have smoked 100 cigarettes in their lifetime, irrespective of whether they were current smokers or not.
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This article is an extraction from a PhD Dissertation in the field of Distance Learning planning. We appreciate the help of Karaj Diabetes Association staffs and cooperation of all the participants in this study.
Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
Mandana Goodarzi
, Issa Ebrahimzadeh
& Bahman Saedipoor
Graduate School of Management, Farabi Institute of Higher Education, Karaj, Iran
Alireza Rabi
Biostatistics, Medical Education Research Center, Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi
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Correspondence to Mandana Goodarzi.
MG contributed to the conception and design of this study and drafting the manuscript. IEZ contributed to the conception and design of this study. AR and BS contributed to the revised the manuscript critically for important intellectual content. MAJ contributed to the analysis and interpretation of data and revising the article critically for important intellectual content. All authors read and approved the fianl manuscript.


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Psymbionic + Zebbler Encanti Experience w/ Black Carl
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Death of the Desert
Monastic Memory and the Loss of Egypt's Golden Age
Christine Luckritz Marquis
264 pages | 6 x 9
Cloth Feb 2022 | ISBN 9780812253627 | $65.00s | Outside the Americas £52.00
A volume in the series Divinations: Rereading Late Ancient Religion
In the late fourth century, the world of Christianity was torn apart by debate over the teachings of the third-century theologian Origen and his positions on the incorporeality of God. In the year 400, Archbishop Theophilus of Alexandria convened a council declaring Origen's later followers as heretics. Shortly thereafter, Theophilus banished the so-called Tall Brothers, four Origenist monks who led monastic communities in the western Egyptian desert, along with hundreds of their brethren. In some accounts, Theophilus leads a violent group of drunken youths and enslaved Ethiopians in sacking and desecrating the monastery; in others, he justly exercises his episcopal duties. In some versions, Theophilus' violent actions effectively bring the Golden Age of desert monasticism to an end; in others, he has shown proper respect for the desert fathers, whose life of asceticism is subsequently destroyed by bands of barbarian marauders. For some, the desert came to be inextricably connected to violence and trauma, while for others, it became a site of nostalgic recollection.
Which of these narratives subsequent generations believed depended in good part on the sources they were reading. In Death of the Desert, Christine Luckritz Marquis offers a fresh examination of this critical juncture in Christian history and brings into dialogue narrative strands that have largely been separated in the scholarly tradition. She takes the violence perpetrated by Theophilus as a turning point for desert monasticism and considers how monks became involved in acts of violence and how that violence came back to haunt them. More broadly, her careful attention to the dynamic relations between memory practices, the rhetorical constructions of place, racialized discourse, and language and deeds of violence speak to us in our own time.
Christine Luckritz Marquis is Associate Professor of Church History at Union Presbyterian Seminary.


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It was Chef Éric Briffard, Meilleur Ouvrier de France (Best Craftsmen in France), Executive Chef and Culinary Arts Director at the institute Le Cordon Bleu Paris who first discovered Bordier butter during a visit to Brittany in 1997, and overtime it attracted many great chefs and lovers of fine food.
In 1985, Jean-Yves Bordier acquired a creamery in Saint-Malo and began to produce his own butter. In 1997, on a visit to Brittany, Éric Briffard, chef at the Plaza Athénée at the time, had the opportunity of tasting Bordier butter and instantly recognised its fine qualities.
Without produce we are nothing; quality produce may be rare but not impossible to find.
That is what Eric Briffard confides. So Chef Briffard ordered his first butter from Jean-Yves Bordier, more than 800 shaped mini pats!
From that moment on I began to make a name for myself, and production went far beyond what I had imagined for the Saint-Malo market.
explains Jean-Yves Bordier in his new book telling his whole story, coming out next September.
In 1999, La Maison Bordier joins forces with the Triballat dairy bringing in organic milk produced exclusively in Brittany. In his workshop in Noyal-sur-Vilaine, Jean-Yves Bordier ensures the preparation of his butter before it goes off to the French capital, but also to Tokyo or Ginza in Japan.
La Maison Bordier produces quality but also original products such as churned buckwheat butter, butter with seaweed, raspberries, smoked salt, Espelette pepper or even yuzu. Jean-Yves Bordier's greatest idea were his customised mini pats of butter, specially shaped to order by 10 of his workmen for the great names in gastronomy for star-rated establishments or sophisticated gourmet restaurants. Each chef may have his own tailor-made mini pat of butter, with varying degrees of saltiness and moisture, a unique shape, or even an embossed stamp.
You can also buy it on the Grande Épicerie website or buy directly from the store located in the 7th arrondissement of Paris.


As authorized sales representative, official rental partner and authorized manufacturing partner for the Liebherr welding tractor, Maats holds several previous models of Liebherr welding tractor in its fleet.
As one of the core products in the Maats sales and rental portfolio, the Liebherr welding tractor has been and still is a constant success with many pipeline construction companies around the globe.
The Liebherr welding tractor was first conceived in the mid-eighties of the last century, using a Liebherr crawler tractor 731 and 741 as a basis.
Following developments in technology Liebherr and Maats have produced several generations of welding tractors throughout the years. These days Liebherr and Maats produce the third welding tractor generation.
The time tested, rugged techniques and components have proven to be reliable as the previous generations of Liebherr welding tractors are still fully operational and available.


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Home » Fort MacArthur Museum	»
Fort MacArthur Museum
Fort MacArthur
Address: 3601 S. Gaffey St. San Pedro, CA 90731
Fort MacArthur is a former United States Army installation in San Pedro, Los Angeles, California (now the port community of Los Angeles). A small section remains in military use by the United States Air Force as a housing and administrative annex of Los Angeles Air Force Base. The fort is named in honor of Lieutenant General Arthur MacArthur. His son, Douglas MacArthur, would later command American forces in the Pacific during World War II.


An automatic soap dispenser will save you the effort of having to deal with bar soaps and manual dispensers whenever you want to clean your hands or wash something with soap. This revolutionary idea has changed the way we maintain our cleanliness standards by making it possible to wash your hands without making contact.
This has significantly reduced the number of bacterial infections passed through soap sharing. They come in various designs and work perfectly in the kitchen or bathroom and minimize soap wastage.
If you are looking for a touch free soap dispenser, then the following soap dispensers can make a good choice for you.
A stylish new dispenser in the market suitable for both the kitchen and the bathroom too. It comes with 4 alkaline AAA batteries that can last up to 1 year. This dispenser has a wide opening that helps refill faster and avoid spills or messy dispensations. It is made with a design that is easy to set up.
Designed to perfectly serve you in the kitchen or bathroom using the automatic soap dispenser. The touch free operation is facilitated by the motion sensors found in the dispenser. It operates on 4 alkaline AAA batteries and comes with a wide opening for easy refill.
This is a top rated automatic soap dispenser that maximizes on efficiency and operation. It comes with a no-drip valve which prevents messy drips and wastage. The high efficiency pump is engineered to dispense soap uniformly and consistently. This touch free automatic soap dispenser has volume control to dispense just the right amount of soap. It operates on 4 alkaline AA batteries which can last up to one year, making it energy efficient.
Now one of the most sought after dispenser in the market because of its value. This dispenser comes with a high efficiency pump that is engineered to now dispenser soap faster than the dispensers before. With its new sleek look, it can be used both commercially and at home. It is suitable to be used in various rooms such as in the kitchen or the bathrooms etc. this dispenser also comes with a wide opening to allow easy refilling and a magnetic lid to help ensure there is no contamination of the soap.
By selecting any of the above hands free soap dispensers, you will be sure to keep your family healthy and safe from the contamination of germs and bacteria associated with conventional soaps. They also come in considerable prices to ensure maximum value for your money.
This automatic soap dispenser will smoothen things up for you in the kitchen or the bathroom. It has built-in infrared sensors that will automatically detect your hands and dispense the right amount of soap. It has three levels of output amount; low, middle and large. The wall mount ensures that you can make it sit on a flat place or a mounted wall.
This is a battery powered sanitizer dispenser that is easy to use. It helps minimize wastage by controlling the amount of dispensation and accepts 1,000 mL or 1,200 mL refills of gel or foam. It is ADA compliant and comes with an installation tape onto smooth surfaces and has four mounting holes for installation on rough surfaces.
With the touch free technology, this dispenser is able to provide a one-dose application that will minimize soap wastage. The sensor is effective and helps kill 99.99% of germs while maintaining the health of your skin.
This hands-free soap or liquid dispenser has a motion sensor that is activated immediately when your hands come close to it. To help you in settings and operation, this dispenser has a blue light indicator. You can place it anywhere around your house including next to your kitchen sink or bathroom to help you get a hands free soap experience.
The simplehuman 13 oz. is an excellent automatic soap dispenser that helps you avoid any mess through its large refill openings and volume control buttons to determine how much soap to dispense. Through the soap chamber, you can estimate the level of soap. It requires 4 AA batteries and comes with removable caddy to conveniently store sponge.
This soap dispenser helps you conserve soap and reduce the spread of germs through the hands-free technology. It can be used with dish soap, liquid hand soap, or hand sanitizer. The window on front shows liquid levels to know when to refill. Operates on 4 AA batteries.
With a fluid capacity of 9 ounces, this dispenser has been designed to ensure long time usage and also reduced spread of germs. With its new design in the market, it provides a competitive market for the automatic hand wash dispensers. From its make, it is made to endure a lot before showing any signs of destruction. This dispenser is small enough and the right size.
Lysol No-Touch helps you avoid contact with bacteria and germs found in other contact soaps. It will automatically sense and dispense the right amount of soap with its sensor. With its own antibacterial soap and moisturizing agents, it will help kill 99.99% of germs.
The dispenser comes with an in built sensor that is very important in identification of hands so as to dispense the soap. When buying it, it comes with a compact kit that comprises of the dispenser, a one time soap refill and 4 AA battery. The soap is usually scented and the best choice to kill bacteria and germs on your hands.
A black soap dispenser which comes with an automatic soap dispenser system suitable for prevention of transfer of germs and infections. It comes with a large tank that can take up to 1.2l of soap or liquid making it convenient and perfect to enjoy longer use of soap before refills. It comes with a three year warranty and is suitable for use in various place including offices, homes and even hotels.
Prevents germ contamination by being germ free therefore keeping you healthy and safe. It is ADA approved and conforms to the required standards and comes with a three-year manufacturer guarantee. It is compatible with 200-mL GOJO TFX refill bottles for convenience.
These are popular touch free soap dispensers.
With an infrared sensor, this new dispenser in the market is now the in thing. It has adjustable volume features that enable one to determine and choose just how much volume of soap you would want dispensed. It ca work with virtually any type of soap anywhere making it suitable for all places it would be needed.
The ultimate choice for your kitchen or bathroom. Apart from being a dispenser, it also helps brighten up a room.it comes with pump using infrared technology for easy and efficient soap dispensation. It also has a window slot which is useful in viewing what amount of soap is left. It has a simple to clean exterior. Other than all this it also comes with a large refillable tank that helps one enjoy the soap for a longer time.
This dispenser is one of the newest in the market. It has an inbuilt infrared sensor that is used to automatically dispense soap. With the large reservoir this dispenser has, it ensures long time usage without refilling. With this design, there is reduced messes and pathogen spread. Your clean hands friend is now here.
One of the best ways to ensure good health is through regular hand washing. This ensures that the transfer of germs and pathogens from one place to another or into your mouth does not occur. Because of this there came the innovation of the hand wash soap dispenser which has been of so much help in ensuring that the washing of hands becomes an everyday routine. Over time, the models of the hand wash soap dispensers have improved. This is from the manuals to the most recent which are the automatic hand wash soap dispensers.
There are many automatic hand wash soap dispensers in the market. When buying, you need to know the best for you to decide one works best for you. Here is a list of the top 10 automatic hand wash soap dispensers in the market.


How order can emerge spontaneously from a disordered system has always fascinated scientists from numerous disciplines. Especially in active systems like flocks animals, self-propelled microorganisms or the cytoskeleton, a unifying understanding of the pattern formation remains elusive. This is attributed to the inherent complexity of most model systems that prevents a thorough identification of the fundamental mechanisms that are responsible for the intriguing self-organizing phenomena in active systems. Here we show that long ranged hydrodynamic interactions play a crucial role in the pattern forming mechanisms in the high density motility assay, a precisely controllable minimal model system consisting of highly concentrated filaments that are driven on the nanoscale. Stability and size of the patterns depend on long ranged hydrodynamic interactions that are self-induced by the coherently moving filaments. The hydrodynamic interactions not only influence the spatial and temporal scale of the patterns but also affect the dynamics of a particular cluster in close proximity to confining boundaries or other surrounding clusters.


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Міський парк культури і відпочинку — парк-пам'ятка садово-паркового мистецтва місцевого значення. Об'єкт розташований на території Виноградівського району Закарпатської області, м. Виноградів.

Площа — 2,7 га, статус отриманий у 1984 році.

Примітки

Джерела

Парки-пам'ятки садово-паркового мистецтва Закарпатської області
Природоохоронні об'єкти, засновані 1984

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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ALL-SP-NMCCGolf-34-19
The winning team of golfers, from left,Tom Towle, Paul Towle and Dan Ayoob, hoist their trophy after earning a score of 58 at the recent TD Bank Golf Tournament to benefit the Northern Maine Community College Foundation. First net went to the team of Bill Egeler, Steve Clark and Bill Casavant with a score of 53.3. Second net went to Larry Shaw, Larry Wold and Jeff Plourde with a score of 54.9. The team of Pat Ward, Chad Cyr and Kevin Tuttle took third net with a tie breaker score of 59.1. (Courtesy of Northern Maine Community College)
Golf tourney nets more than $18,500 for NMCC scholarships
Contributed • August 16, 2019
Northern Maine Community College students will be the beneficiaries of more than $18,500 in scholarships funds raised through the TD Bank Golf Tournament to benefit the NMCC Foundation, held recently at the Aroostook Valley Country Club in Fort Fairfield.
PRESQUE ISLE, Maine — Northern Maine Community College students will be the beneficiaries of more than $18,500 in scholarships funds raised through the TD Bank Golf Tournament to benefit the NMCC Foundation, held recently at the Aroostook Valley Country Club in Fort Fairfield.
Even though the weather was drizzling and windy, 65 golfers teed off for the annual scramble. Supporters and guests joined the golfers for a dinner and auctions that followed play at AVCC.
"TD Bank is extremely pleased with our continuing partnership with the NMCC Foundation by again hosting this annual golf tournament to support the scholarship program. It is a wonderful opportunity to join together for a day of fun with our customers, employees, NMCC staff, sponsors and NMCC Foundation donors to raise financial support for students who are continuing their education," stated Jeff Pangburn, TD Bank vice president, senior commercial relationship manager.
This marks the 14th year TD Bank has partnered with the NMCC Foundation to host a golf tournament. To date the tournaments have raised almost $273,000 for scholarship funds.
"We are most grateful to TD Bank employees Jeff Pangburn and Debbie Johnston, who worked closely with staff from NMCC to make this annual event a success. We also appreciate the continuing support of TD Bank Management members Larry Wold, Marketing President-Commercial and Jason A. House, Regional Vice President," said NMCC President Timothy Crowley.
"The funds raised will assist students who are looking to complete their education as they prepare to join the workforce in Aroostook County," Crowley said.
The winning team at the tournament was Paul Towle, Dan Ayoob, and Tom Towle with a score of 58. First net went to the team of Bill Egeler, Steve Clark and Bill Casavant with a score of 53.3. Second net went to Larry Shaw, Larry Wold and Jeff Plourde with a score of 54.9. The team of Pat Ward, Chad Cyr and Kevin Tuttle took third net with a tie breaker score of 59.1.
Other awards were presented to golfers for their individual achievements during the day. Closest to the pin prizes went to Melissa Thompson and Scott Violette. Jennifer Flynn won the longest women's drive and Tom Towle won the men's longest drive. Winner of the chipping contest was Erik Anderson, whose ball landed only 10-1/2 inches from the hole.
The honors were announced at the dinner following the tournament. Aside from presenting awards to the top golfers, the event featured a silent auction and a live auction. Travis Hussey of Aroostook Auction Barn served as auctioneer.
NMCC officials said a major key to the success of the fund-raising tournament was the support of many local businesses and organizations who served as sponsors.
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Consider this scenario. You are concerned about the risk you and your family face and have decided to take steps to become more resilient. The challenge you face, however, is that your non-prepper family, friends, and neighbors do not support you. In fact, they often actively discourage, criticize and ridicule you. What do you do? Let's consider this problem.
Do you really need others?
It can be difficult if your friends or family do not support your efforts to become more resilient, especially if you believe you are doing it for the right reasons. This may be discouraging, but the truth is, you can do a fair amount of prepping on your own. Long term sustainability, however, will require the support of others. Being part of a support network not only increases your access to skills and knowledge, but it also introduces a level of redundancy and capacity into your preparedness plans. Besides, it is easier to do something if you have the support of the people around you. Here are some tips on how to approach the critics you encounter.
Why do some people see value in disaster preparedness while others don't?
An individual with little 'experience of risk' may consider the risk of future disasters as low. The reward offered by prepping, therefore, does not justify the investment of time, effort, and cost. This individual, therefore, does not consider disaster preparedness as important and will remain a non-prepper.
On the other side of the spectrum, an individual that has a greater 'experience' of disaster risk will have an elevated perception of risk. The perceived benefits offered by being prepared therefore outweighs the required cost in terms of time, effort and money; making these individuals more inclined to take steps to become more resilient.
This is possibly an oversimplification of a very complex decision-making process, but the point is, different people view risk differently. This will also explain why people may disagree with your need to be prepared. Non-prepper family and friends are also unlikely to change their opinion unless their risk perception changes. Given this, how does this explain the different types of non-preppers that you may encounter in daily life?
We will consider each of these in more detail.
These are individuals that do not see any value in personal disaster preparedness. They are vocal critics, and most difficult to deal with. They perceive the probability and/or consequence of the risk to be low. Their worldview suggests that their current situation is relatively stable and that it will continue to remain stable. Even if things do go horribly wrong, they will be able to cope. They are adamant that preppers are wasting their time and money.
The second type of non-prepper feels that there is value in personal preparedness, but are hesitant to embark on the prepping journey. They may view the term 'preppers' as tainted due to less than favorable perception created by the media. Sadly, in some cases, these negative opinions are warranted. The Potential (but restrained) Prepper is worried that they will be seen as one of 'those people' if they become involved in prepping.
Another reason for not becoming involved in disaster preparedness might be due to fear or other professional reasons. In some countries, the prepping community is associated with particular political or extremist undertones, and even the suggestion of association with such groups can have negative consequences on their careers. They deem the risk to their reputation and career to be high although they may be secretly interested in preparedness. They are often openly critical of the prepping community or publicly do not support the idea of disaster preparedness.
The perceived cost of becoming involved in prepping may also discourage these potential preppers. If the balance between cost and benefits change, either due to a decrease in the risk of judgment by the community (lower cost), or an increased risk of potential disaster (higher benefit), the Potential (but restrained) Prepper will be more willing to become involved in disaster preparedness.
The third type of non-prepper is the Procrastinating Prepper. These individuals do see value in disaster preparedness but feel that they do not have the time, energy or money to get involved in personal preparedness. Alternatively, they want to start prepping but do not know where to start, or they lack motivation. They therefore continually postpone the decision to start. This type of non-preppers are generally not vocal critics but also do no actively defend the idea of prepping.
Each of these three types of non-preppers can be perceived as being non-supportive, even though their reasons may be different. You, therefore, need to deal with each group in a different way.
It is important to realize that people generally do not change their mind based on only your opinion. Individuals take their own opinions and views very seriously, so you need to respect their opinion, even if you think it is wrong. Having said this, here are a few things to consider when you are confronted with each of the non-prepper groups.
You are unlikely to convince someone from this group to change their view. The more you try to persuade them, the more difficult they may become. They will not consider personal disaster preparedness as important until they experience a disaster, or perceive a potential risk to their own, or their family's safety.
It also does not help telling them about all the prepping you have done. This will only give them more ammunition to criticize you (Why do you waste so much money?!), but also increase the risk of them showing up at your door in the event of a disaster.
Unfortunately, you may not be able to avoid these individuals, since they might be close family members or colleagues. If you find that they go out of their way to make life difficult for you, ensure that you have a reasonable response prepared to defend your opinions, views, and approach to prepping. To achieve this, you need to do your homework.
Be intelligent in the way you prepare. Take the time to understand the risks you face. Stay up to date on world events, weather patterns, and socio-economic or political developments. Understanding how these events influence the risks you face will not only put you in a better position to defend your opinions but also enable you to align your approach to preparedness as the risks change.
Another mistake some preppers make is to prepare for the highly unlikely events while forgetting about the more likely but less severe events. It is no use you prepare for nuclear fallout, but you don't know how to change your car's tire. Also, don't stockpile a year's supply of food, but forget to have a basic first-aid kit at home. Not being prepared for the likely but small events not only puts you in an awkward situation, but it also opens you up to criticism.
The key to dealing with this non-prepper is in understanding their concerns. When talking to this group, you don't have to start on the topic of prepping, but may consider discussing risk. For example, you can ask them if there are specific risks they perceive as increasing or whether they are concerned for the safety or security of their family. Maybe you share similar concerns, and this might be an opportunity to discuss appropriate solutions.
If you find that there is common ground for further discussion, you can probably start sharing some relevant preparedness related websites, articles, or books. This can keep the conversation going, and address some of the concerns of the Potential (but restrained) Prepper.
Also see: What is Prepping?
Remember that 'prepping' does not have to be linked to a particular stereotype or group of people. Preparation for an uncertain future requires an intelligent and informed assessment of a situation, followed by planning and implementation of certain actions. What those actions entail is up to each individual. Being prepared is just as much about installing a security gate to protect your family than it is to have a pantry full of food. The only difference is the type of event you are preparing for.
This non-prepper might be interested in the idea of prepping, but they have no plans in place. This might be due to lack of knowledge, other priorities, or worst-case, laziness. Be sure to understand why they are procrastinating. If you find that they have a definite interest, but just need some help and guidance, let them know you are also interested in prepping. Be careful how much you tell them until they have shown commitment. If they are willing to take responsibility and contribute towards their own resilience, give them some pointers and advice, and share some ideas and interesting information.
If you realize that they are lazy or not willing to commit, move on. A lazy prepper is dangerous. They know how important prepping is, and will probably be keeping a list of their prepper friends to run to in the event of a disaster.
Can you prepare on your own?
Read and learn more about disaster preparedness and what constitutes resilience. There are thousands of websites and videos on the topic of survival and preparedness. Be selective and find the ones that are most valuable and follow them. There are also hundreds of books covering a range of relevant topics. Read the online reviews on sites such as Amazon, and pick the best ones.
If you have not already joined a social network or discussion forum, find a group you feel comfortable with, and become involved. Take part in the online discussions; ask questions and share advice. Just be careful on how much personal information you divulge. The anonymity of the internet has some advantages, but also risks.
Develop your skills. There are various websites and YouTube channels with survival related how-to videos, tips and tricks. Don't just watch the videos, practice what you learn. Be on the lookout for training opportunities, such as first-aid, outdoor survival, hunting or self-defense courses. Also, consider developing more traditional or technical skills to become self-sufficient.
Work on your strength, fitness and personal health. Do not underestimate the role and importance of physical and emotional well-being on your resilience.
A focus on your own preparedness, knowledge, and skills will not only improve your resilience, but it will also enable you to assist others. In addition, it will put you in a better position to evaluate and recruit potential team members to add to your network.
What to do if you really need support?
The key to building a network is in developing mutually-beneficial relationships. How do you build such a network?
Firstly, consider your immediate circles of influence, such as friends and family that might already be preppers, or who may be potential (but restrained), or procrastinating preppers.
If your immediate circle remains opposed to your ideas, you may need to consider people outside your current network. Consider members of your sports club, colleagues at work, friends from your old school or college, parents of your children's friends, or members of cultural or religious groups. Looking outside your current network will require greater discernment and more effort in evaluating people, so be very selective who you talk to and how much information you share.
TIP: We recommend The Survival Group Handbook for more information on how to establish a survival group.
Are they serious about becoming more resilient, or do they have ulterior motives? Do you agree with their views and strategy towards building resilience? What type of 'prepper' are they? Are they big talkers, telling everybody what they do, or can they keep their plans to themselves?
Are they trustworthy? Do they share your ethical or religious values? Are they involved in questionable or illegal activities? Be careful not to become associated with the wrong crowd and be found guilty by association.
Do you trust them? Are you willing to leave your family in their care? Who are in their group or network, and can you trust the other members of their group?
Do they contribute to your level of preparedness or resilience in any way? Do they have skills, knowledge or expertise you don't have and can you benefit them in the same way? Do they want to partner with you or your supplies?
Remember, it is not ideal to be alone, but including the wrong partner in your network can be even more destructive. If, after all these attempts, you still do not find a suitable partner, continue working on your own, but keep looking for potential opportunities. Building a relationship with people takes time, so don't rush it. You don't want to invest in a relationship and expose yourself and your family to unnecessary risk.
It can be upsetting and frustrating not to have the support of your non-prepper family and friends, especially if you feel you are looking out for their best interest. But the truth is, a large segment of the population does not see the value in becoming more resilient, and the media and entertainment industry often portrays the prepping community in a negative light.
The key to gaining the support of your non-prepper family and friends is by understanding their perceptions and concerns. By addressing their concerns, and clearly communicating yours, you might be able to gain some support. Even if you fail to convince them, continue to increase your resilience by developing your knowledge and skills, and through intelligent preparation. You might, over time, be able to bring them around, and this can bring you the support you need.


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Christopher Bollen
Christopher Bollen is a writer who lives in New York City. His first novel, Lightning People, was released in 2011, his second novel Orient arrived in May 2015, and his third, The Destroyers came out in June 2017. His most recent novel, A Beautiful Crime, contrasts two grifters on the run with the grandeur of Venice. He is also an editor and critic whose work has appeared in numerous publications including the New York Times, Artforum, New York Magazine, and The Believer. He is currently the editor at large of Interview Magazine and a contributing editor at Vanity Fair.
SWAJ
By Christopher Bollen
There's brilliance in this oblique take on life in quarantine. By queering Jaws, the ur-text of an unseen menace holding a town in terror, Christopher Bollen reveals the humanity of those in the background, the extras, the victims. On a wide scale, we see the struggles of unemployment during lockdown, being a closeted teen in small town America, and the obliteration of 'summer'. On a finer scale, Bollen brings a masterful eye for the minute detail that reveals character—witness a gas station manager "wiping his nose with the underside of his wrist" even though his hands happen to be clean. But whatever the scale, "SWAJ" is achingly fun.


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CEAT Tyres Introduces A Contactless Service Offering For Its Customers In India
oi-Promeet Ghosh
By Promeet Ghosh
CEAT tyres have introduced new measures to ensure the safety of its customers and its dealer partners. The new CEAT services include contactless pick and drop service, appointment-based service and in-shop measures.
These services by Ceat not only take care of all tyre-related issues but also ensure regular business for the CEAT shoppe partners. The services will be launched under strict rules and regulations across the country and will be available in 22 cities by the next week.
Commenting on this, Amit Tolani, Chief Marketing Officer, CEAT Tyres Ltd said,
"CEAT is fully committed towards 'Making Mobility Safer and Smarter'. At a time when the country is battling the coronavirus threat, safety and convenience of our customers are of utmost importance."
"The introduction of a contactless service showcases our commitment to maintaining safety norms and hygiene at our CEAT Shoppe. The Shoppe comes with a capability/is designed in a way to address all of the customers' vehicular needs with the highest safety precautions in place."
"The intent is two-fold, to make tyre maintenance safe and easy for customers and to ensure business continuity of our dealer partners."
So during the contactless pick-up and drop facility, the vehicle will be picked up from the customer's doorstep and then after the service, the vehicle will be dropped back to the customer's place, thus maintaining the social distance norms.
Customers can give a missed call on 8657589639 to book a service appointment at the nearest CEAT store. A WhatsApp based service will also be available for the customers for constant updates from the company.
CEAT is following all the necessary rules and regulations that have been laid out by the Government. Customers are scanned at the entrance and provided with liquid hand sanitizers and they should be wearing a mask at all times. All the vehicles are sanitized before and after the service so the customers need not worry about that.
Thoughts About The New Contactless Service By CEAT
Through this new service program, customers will be able to relax back at home while their tyres are being serviced. We highly recommend this program at the current time since it's the monsoon season and your tyres need to be checked.
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Article Published On: Monday, July 20, 2020, 20:21 [IST]
Dakar Rally 2021 Final Stage Results & Highlights: Kevin Benavides Wins The Rally Race


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Q: How can I rotating a line not at its end point? I had been doing some image rotation using Pillow (PIL) in an application I am developing. Unfortunately I am not going to be able to get the performance I want rotating images.  I am going back to the drawing board and going to attempt to just draw lines and rotate them instead.  Last night I put this together based off of some code from the book Python 2.5 Graphics Cookbook.  I am hoping someone can show me how to rotate this line not at it end point but at a designated point in the line. In this case the center of the circle  Here is my code.
# rotate_line_1.py
#>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
from Tkinter import *
import math

class RotateLine(object):
    def __init__(self, master):

        self.cw = 430
        self.ch = 480

        self.chart_1 = Canvas(root, width=self.cw, height=self.ch, background='white' )
        self.chart_1.grid(row=0, column=0)

        self.counter = StringVar()
        self.counter.set('0')

        self.linewidth = 10

        self.o1 = self.chart_1.create_oval(1, 1, 430, 430, width=2, fill='#555555')
        self.o2 = self.chart_1.create_oval(15, 15, 420, 420, width=2, fill='black')
        self.a = self.chart_1.create_line(215, 20, 215, 215, width=self.linewidth, fill='red')

        self.p1_x = 214.9 # the pivot point
        self.p1_y = 20.0 # the pivot point,
        self.p2_x = 215.0 # the specific point to be rotated
        self.p2_y = 215.0 # the specific point to be rotated.

        self.a_radian = math.atan((self.p2_y - self.p1_y)/(self.p2_x - self.p1_x))
        self.a_length = math.sqrt((self.p2_y - self.p1_y)*(self.p2_y - self.p1_y) + (self.p2_x - self.p1_x)*(self.p2_x - self.p1_x))

        self.cycle_period = 0 # pause duration (milliseconds).
        self.x = 0

        self.buttonFw = Button(root, text="1 >>", command=lambda: self.rotate_line(1, 1))
        self.buttonBk = Button(root, text="<< 1", command=lambda: self.rotate_line(-1, 1))
        self.button45B = Button(root, text="<< 45", command=lambda: self.rotate_line(-1, 45))
        self.button45F = Button(root, text="45 >>", command=lambda: self.rotate_line(1, 45))
        self.button0 = Button(root, text="0", command=lambda: self.rotate_line(-1, 0))

        self.buttonBk.place(x=10, y=440)
        self.button45B.place(x=75, y=440)
        self.button45F.place(x=290, y=440)
        self.buttonFw.place(x=363, y=440)

        self.button0.place(x=198, y=440)

        self.clicks = 0
        print self.a_radian

    def rotate_line(self, direction, degree):
        self.chart_1.delete(self.a)
        if degree == 0:
            print 'Hello zero'
            self.chart_1.delete(self.a)
            self.a = self.chart_1.create_line(215, 20, 215, 215, width=self.linewidth, fill='red')
            self.a_radian = 1.57028350633
        else:
            self.a_radian += (.01747 * degree) * direction # incremental rotation with direction
            print self.a_radian
            self.p1_x = self.p2_x - self.a_length * math.cos(self.a_radian)
            self.p1_y = self.p2_y - self.a_length * math.sin(self.a_radian)
            self.i = self.chart_1.create_line(self.p1_x, self.p1_y, self.p2_x, self.p2_y, width=self.linewidth, fill='red')
            self.chart_1.update()
            self.chart_1.after(self.cycle_period)
            self.chart_1.delete(self.i)
            self.a = self.chart_1.create_line(self.p1_x, self.p1_y, self.p2_x, self.p2_y, width=self.linewidth, fill='red')

root = Tk()
root.title("Rotating line")
app = RotateLine(root)
root.mainloop()

If you run this you will get a line on a couple of circle backgrounds.  Press the buttons to move the line around the center of the circles.
What I want to do it make the line longer but still rotate it at the circle center.  Update the line cordinates in both of these lines in the code to 325.
self.a = self.chart_1.create_line(215, 20, 215, 325, width=self.linewidth,
                                  fill='red')

Once the line is longer how can I keep the rotation point still at the center of the circle and redraw the line accordingly?
Thanks in advance and yes my trig skills stink.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Set in mature gardens, Roganstown Hotel & Country Club is an elegant country house hotel which is located on the outskirts of Swords, close to the airport in North County Dublin and within easy reach of the city centre. I am always on the lookout for new restaurants to try and having heard good reports about the food on offer in Roganstown, I decided that a visit was in order. The hotel offers two dining options, bar food and a more formal dining experience in McLoughlin's Restaurant under Head Chef Tom Walsh.
The high ceilinged dining room is extremely spacious and manages to avoid feeling like a hotel function room by the clever use of colourful art works on the walls. The tables are beautifully dressed with white table linen and stylish cutlery whilst ambient lighting creates a relaxed and comfortable ambiance.
We decided to kick off our meal with an aperitif from the cocktail menu which contained a small selection of the classics. I decided on a Pina Colada (€8.50) which was made with rum, Malibu, fresh cream and pineapple juice whilst John, my dining companion for the evening, chose a Long Island Iced Tea (€10.50). Both drinks were mixed well but John's, with its boozy hit of vodka, gin, rum, Cointreau, tequila and fresh lime juice, topped with Coke, was – quite understandably – particularly good.
The restaurant offers a dinner menu at €35 for three courses but a five-course tasting menu is also available for €45. This allows the diner choose a starter, main and dessert from the dinner menu and is supplemented with an amuse bouche and pre-dessert. Although unusual, this format worked well for us and offered an element of choice that you don't normally get with tasting menus.
Breads – a White and a Brown Soda were first to arrive and were accompanied by a generous amount of butter. This was followed by an amuse bouche of intensely flavoured Minestrone with Truffle Oil. Served in a small espresso cup the soup was packed full of complex, feisty flavours that lingered in a most satisfying way. Soups are often a way of using up vegetables and other bits and pieces that are hanging around but this was well considered and tasted delicious. We both loved it.
My starter of Tortellini of Salted Cod & Lobster, Cauliflower Purée and Spinach with a Champagne Sauce was a beautiful looking dish. The pasta had been expertly made with an unusual filling of salt cod and lobster which sounded like it shouldn't work but was excellent. Once again, punchy flavours were to the fore but they had been handled in a sensitive and measured fashion to create a plate of food that pleased on many levels. A perfectly seared scallop completed the dish and was a nice touch.
John's Parfait of Goat's Cheese, Pine Nut & Basil, Pear & Mustard Purée and Poached Baby Pear was also attractively presented with a lovely combination of ingredients that came together harmoniously on the plate. The parfait was surprisingly light with a lovely tangy freshness that paired well with the pear and mustard purée whilst the slivers of poached pear provided juiciness that brought everything together. This dish appeared simple but revealed hidden delights with each mouthful.
My next course – Saddle of Venison, Pistachio, Purple Potato Purée, Trumpettes, Potato Maxim, and Chocolate Sauce was insanely good. Granted, I found the appearance of the purple potato purée a little disconcerting but it tasted wonderful and was a perfect partner for the venison with its almost cheeky coating of bright green pistachio nuts. The venison was cooked medium rare and had a gentle gamey flavour which is often sadly lacking in much of the venison served up in restaurants these days. A sauce made using dark, bitter chocolate complemented the venison, highlighting its subtle taste. The inclusion of lightly pickled mushrooms and sweet caramelised onions helped to mitigate the overall richness of this dish and I had no complaints. This was clever, experimental cooking and I loved it.
John's Braised Daube of Beef, Baby Irish Carrots & Leeks and Forest Mushroom Purée was comfort food heaven. Classically made with the 'daube' which comes from the shoulder/back of the animal and is an inexpensive cut which benefits from long, slow cooking until the meat is meltingly tender. Carrots gently roasted until lightly caramelised and wonderfully sweet were the ideal partner for the beef with its rich sticky sauce whilst the mushroom purée grounded everything with its earthiness. I couldn't have loved this dish more if I had tried.
A pre-dessert of White Chocolate Ganache with Pistachio Mousse came simply presented in a shot glass and was creamy and as light as a feather. It dissolved in the mouth in a most agreeable way and was a lovely way to lead into the final course.
Both desserts were excellent and, by way of contrast to the courses that they followed, were presented simply. My Frozen Hazelnut Parfait, Frosted Berries with Caramel Reduction is a new item on the menu and was light after the intensely flavoured food we had already eaten. John's Pear Tarte Tatin and Buttermilk Sorbet was simply superb! Here crisp puff pastry was topped with flawlessly cooked pears in a sweet and buttery caramel sauce. The accompanying sorbet was incredibly refreshing and somehow managed to intensify the flavour of the pears. I was impressed to learn that the puff pastry had been made in-house and I could tell that a good amount of butter had gone into making it. This was the dessert of dreams and I found it deeply satisfying.
I was very taken with my meal in McLoughlin's restaurant. Tom Walsh's food is self-assured and he is obviously a chef who likes to push boundaries but this is never at the expense of food itself and he instinctively seems to know when to stop. Flavours are robust and ingredients are often combined in a creative and interesting way.
Service throughout our meal was delivered enthusiastically and added to our enjoyment of the meal.


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CITY SHOPS
Home » Return Policy
Return Policyadmin2019-05-16T15:50:25+03:00
The policy of return of floral products.
At the moment, there is more than one service on the flower delivery market. We have investigated the issue of returning or replacing floral products of inadequate quality. What picture at the moment:
– There are companies that do not want to hear anything about the return of products, and in the Law of Russia on Consumer Protection there is a condition of return of the goods in a proper form, which is very difficult to sustain for the flower production, because the buyer usually asks for a refund because of the rapid withering of flowers. We can say that according to the legislation flowers are really not subject to return.
– There are more friendly companies that can still make a return, full or partial.
– There are services that do not make refunds, but can make a replacement for a bouquet or deliver another bouquet, it all depends on the specific situation and the customer's request.
In any case, in the field of flower delivery it is very difficult to understand who is really right, because the goods are perishable and require special care. In order that we could cooperate fruitfully for a long time, we developed our return policy, which you can find below!
Return policy Russia Flora (www.sendflowertorussia.com)
The procedure and deadlines for filing a complaint:
1. A complaint about the quality of a bouquet or other goods may be filed within 6 hours after delivery (this time can suffice for the withering of flowers without proper care).
1.2 Complaints about quality and freshness must necessarily contain photographs. Photos sent after 6 hours from the date of the order are not considered. Photos can be sent by viber, whatsapp or by mail. Required with the order number and payer's full name. Complaints from third parties are not accepted for consideration.
1.3 Complaint for delay is accepted only if the exact delivery time is paid for in the order and the service delivery with surprise is activated. In other cases, the delivery is agreed with the recipient and can be transferred to a convenient time for the recipient.
The order and terms of the resolution of the complaint:
2. We try to respond as quickly as possible to complaints from our clients, so the maximum time for consideration of a complaint is 24 hours.
2.1 If, at the time of delivery of the order, the flowers have already not been properly dressed, the customer has the right to demand a full replacement of the products or to require a full or partial refund.
2.2 If one of the goods is missing in the delivered order, the company at its own expense re-supplies the missing goods. A postcard is provided free of charge and can not be considered a commodity.
2.3 Photo report is not a mandatory service, and the absence of a photo report can not be the reason for the complaint.
Procedure and terms of repayment:
3. Refund is made within 3 days from the date of the decision to return.
3.1 When returning a fee is charged to the payment system, which falls on the buyer. It is also possible to leave funds on the balance of the buyer, then the commission is not charged.
3.2 If the refund is due to:
– Refusal to receive a bouquet by the recipient
– We can not reach the recipient and there are no alternative numbers
– The recipient is not in the country / city and he can not accept the bouquet
– The customer has changed his mind about giving a bouquet
In such cases, the payment for the services of the company, which can be equal to 10% of the order value, up to 100% of the order value, will be withheld. The amount of the return depends on the material costs of the company.
In some cases, we can leave money on the balance of the client, without charging the company's services and bank fees.
3.3 The refund is made only to the payer and can not be paid to third parties.
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Fort Walton Yacht Club
Stories from the Fort Walton Yacht Club
The Fort Walton Yacht Club
180 Ferry Road NE
Website: www.fwyc.org
Nestled on the mainland behind the barrier island of Santa Rosa, the Fort Walton Yacht Club is located on Smack Point, overlooking Choctawhatchee Bay in Fort Walton Beach, Florida, about an hour East of Pensacola. Founded in 1951, it is a young and vibrant club dedicated to promoting boating throughout the Gulf Coast and abroad. It is a member of the Gulf Yachting Association (GYA) and has an active Flying Scot fleet.
The History of the Fort Walton Yacht Club
The Fort Walton Yacht Club was founded by 15 members, who signed the charter on September 10, 1951. So we are a relatively young club by any standard. However, as a member of the Gulf Yachting Association (GYA), the FWYC is located near and closely tied to four of the six oldest yacht clubs in the United States and enjoys participation in some of the best and oldest sailing competitions to be found anywhere. A plaque on the dining room fireplace commemorates deeding of the land for the clubhouse by E.W. Sudduth. The clubhouse finally opened in January 1954 with a total of 73 members joining as "charter members."
Club members like E.W. Sudduth, Clifford Meigs, Judge Erwin Fleet, Harry Vandergriff, and Walter Ruckel left their mark on the FWYC and our community as evidenced by schools, parks, streets, and businesses that bear their names. E.W Sudduth donated the land, now180 Ferry Road, for the Club. Soon after, the first clubhouse was constructed at a cost of $20,000 and much self-help. Self-help would become a hallmark for the Club as an adopted practice which continues today.
One of our early founders, John Amos, "functioned as the Club attorney during donation of the land by E.W. Sudduth and during the formative period of the FWYC." John Amos departed here in the mid-50s and with the seed money he earned in Ft Walton Beach went on to form an insurance company in Columbus, GA. You may recognize this $80 billion company, AFLAC, by the duck commercials on television.
In 1951, Clifford Meigs was elected the first commodore. Club officers and board members represented were also elected from among the leaders of businesses and professionals in our community. These were the very leaders who shaped the community that we know today as Fort Walton Beach.
The FWYC has sailing champions in World, Olympic, National, and America's Cup championships with members Randy Smyth, Bob Curry, Beattie Purcell and Zach Grant. Randy has graced the covers of five sailing magazines and is renowned as one of the top sailing champions in the world.
During an interview for the Club's 50th Anniversary, member Bart Fleet opined that "… one of the reasons for the success of the Club is that it always has represented diverse interests, age groups, and backgrounds".
Bart continued "It's a real melting pot – from professional people to construction workers, retired enlisted and officers, motor boaters and sailors. The sailors and power boaters have a completely different mindset, and that affected how you dealt with allocating resources. The board represents all these different interests. They debate and hash out many issues. It still works. It's a pure democracy."
Yes, it is a democracy indeed and a challenge to lead. Members pay homage to the men and one woman who have volunteered to serve as Commodore and to the many Club members who have given so much to the Club and to our community. The Fort Walton Yacht Club reflects a proud past and many contributions that continue to be made by its members to our community.
~ Submitted by June Scroggin, 2015 Rear Commodore


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Mixed reaction to Sandoval threat to sue BLM over wild horses
Gov. Brian Sandoval's threat to pursue legal options to boost federal funding for managing wild horse populations drew mixed reaction from Nevada's congressional delegation Wednesday.
By JIM MYERS LAS VEGAS REVIEW-JOURNAL WASHINGTON BUREAU
A herd of wild horses graze near Highway 50 in Mound House, Nev., on Tuesday, April 26, 2016. Nevada Gov. Brian Sandoval is pursuing legal options to force the federal government to fund management of the state's wild horse population. Cathleen Allison/Las Vegas Review-Journal
WASHINGTON — Gov. Brian Sandoval's threat to pursue legal options to boost federal funding for managing wild horse populations drew mixed reaction from Nevada's congressional delegation Wednesday.
Reps. Mark Amodei and Joe Heck expressed support Tuesday for the strategy laid out so far by their fellow Republican.
"If you have a guy like Brian Sandoval (angry) at you, you have really hit rock bottom," Amodei said, noting the governor's reputation for being an "even-keeled, thoughtful" state leader.
He said Sandoval's strategy was a "big, big message" to the Bureau of Land Management in Washington, making it clear he was not including the agency's representatives in Nevada in the same negative view.
Amodei credited the Nevada BLM officials for trying to deal with livestock producers honestly and blamed the Washington office for not heeding their requests.
Heck favors ensuring sustainable herd levels and maintaining access to grazing lands for local ranchers and farmers while requiring the federal government to meet its obligation to fund the efforts, an aide said.
Republican Rep. Cresent Hardy said the federal government, as the largest landlord in Nevada, has a responsibility to provide stewardship of the public lands it controls.
"Unfortunately, the BLM has not lived up to its end of the bargain by failing to manage Nevada's wild horse populations," Hardy said. "Instead of stepping up to the plate and addressing the problem, the federal government is planning to rob hard-working Nevadans of their livelihoods as our sensitive habitats continue to get destroyed."
Republican Sen. Dean Heller said it is BLM's job to determine whether the range conditions can support wild horse populations.
"It's not fair for local ranchers to be penalized because BLM isn't carrying out the law," Heller said. "While more resources are necessary, the problem is larger than that. The agency has no comprehensive strategy for wild horse management."
A spokeswoman for Senate Democratic leader Harry Reid said Democrats support additional funds for the BLM's Wild Horse and Burro Program and are not standing in the way of providing adequate funding.
"That's Republicans," she said.
Democratic Rep. Dina Titus did not comment.
The Nevada Cattlemen's Association, Nevada Farm Bureau Federation and Nevada Association of Counties welcomed Sandoval's announcement.
"Wild horse populations in Nevada have skyrocketed to levels unsustainable for the ecology of Nevada's rangelands and are also impacting sage grouse habitat, horse health and the livelihood of Nevada's ranching operations, many of which have been in operation for generations," the groups stated in a statement.
"In response to this situation, the BLM has indicated that there will potentially be further grazing reductions in Elko County."
Jeff Fontaine, executive director of the Nevada Association of Counties, said horse overpopulation affects not only livestock producers and wildlife habitats, but also local communities and county services.
"Damage from wild horses just in southeast Elko County alone could result in an economic loss of $1.8 million," Fontaine said.
Posted on: Local, Local Nevada, News
A motorist was killed when a vehicle left the roadway and overturned on U.S. 95 north of Scotty's Junction early Wednesday.


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Carlos Romero-Marrero on Hepatitis B Cures, HCV Targeting, and the Opioid Epidemic
Carlos Romero-Marrero, MD, Section Head of Hepatology at the Cleveland Clinic, sat down with MD Magazine recently to discuss what he believes are some of the major issues in hepatitis B and C care now, how far treatment has come, and how much further it has to go in light of the opioid epidemic.
What do you think are the most pressing issues in the fields of Hepatitis B and C, right now?
With hepatitis B, we're very hopeful in the next 5 years they're going to find the right agent to really achieve a cure. Presently, the status of the medications we have approved for hepatitis B are just suppressing the virus. There's different mechanisms being explored to try to achieve a cure, and it's kind of following the same rationale of combination agents. That's what happened with hepatitis C — they were trying to attack the virus from different ends, from different mechanisms. We're not there yet, but we're certainly closer than we were a couple of years ago.
The hepatitis B treatment is essentially for a lifetime, so we have to make sure we're getting the right agent that's suppressing the virus, and has the safety profile for patients.
With regards to hepatitis C, there's a lot of advances being made. We've come from 5 years ago in which we had medication with a lot of side effects, to having direct-acting antiviral agents in which we have medications that are very efficacious. In the medications that are approved, we have a 95 to 99% efficacy rate.
But also, these are safe medications, and are easy for the patient to use. There's still challenges in terms of access to treatment. Certainly, there's still challenges of making sure the patients are aware they have the infection. But where we are right now, we can treat safely most of the patients with hepatitis C.
Most recently, we have 2 agents that have been approved for patients who have not responded to the NS5-A inhibitors. These are new options that we have for patients that we rarely see not responding to those agents. We're also making the treatments shorter, so we can treat patients of all genotypes without cirrhosis for 8 weeks, which is certainly going to help decrease the cost of these treatments.
What are the still-to-come advances to eradicate hepatitis C?
The (US Department of Health & Health Services) created the Viral Hepatitis Action Plan, supposed to last until 2020. I think that, knowing we have good treatment, there's a lot we need to do in physician awareness — making sure we're targeting the Baby Boomers, that we're actually screening them. And also, that we're screening the high risk populations: patients who have been incarcerated, patients who are injectable drug users, patients who have HIV, men who have sex with men. Those are populations that we need to be aware of and we need to screen.
It's very unlikely that most of the patients out there know they have hepatitis C. Truly, maybe 40% of patients know they have hepatitis C, so we certainly need to improve in the screening. We also need to improve the access to treatment. As I mentioned before, we have good treatment, but we also have treatment that doesn't have a lot of side effects. We're hoping the providers that can treat hepatitis C actually increase this, just to make sure the patients that need it have access to treatment.
It's interesting to say that we saw the hepatitis incidence was decreasing. We know from recent data from the Center for Disease Control (CDC) that the incidence of hepatitis C has actually tripled in the last 5 years, especially in the population between the age of 20 and 29. Even though we thought hepatitis C would not be a problem past the year 2020, certainly with the recent challenges of the opioid epidemic, this may be a problem we have to deal with a longer time than we thought.
What have been some of the Cleveland Clinic's efforts to help ease the pain and issues surround the opioid epidemic?
We're actually creating a hepatitis C curb path. There's going to be a lot of proactiveness and prevention. When we talk about the opioid epidemic, we have to understand these are usually patients that are starting some kind of pain medicine for whatever reason, and they've created a dependency on their medications. They usually jump up to the intravenous drug use of this — heroin.
Certainly, there's a lot we're trying to do in that care path. Once we identify a patient, we offer them the necessary services of rehabilitation programs to try to break the cycle of the pain management or the opioid dependence.
Also, we're trying to improve how we give access to the treatment. Once you are diagnosed with hepatitis C, what will be the easiest way of the patients to get access? We're looking at different options in distance health, for patients who cannot come to Cleveland to get treatment — where we could do some virtual visits and with the guidance of some local providers, we can certainly facilitate the treatment. We're also looking at, once we get a patient treated, how we're going to follow up with those patients. I think the virtual visits will be very important in how the patients follow up with us.
Liver Cancer Risks Not Affected by Hepatitis C Eliminating Therapy
Baby Boomers Increase HCV Screenings, Treatment When Alert Added to Health Records
FDA Committee to Review Safety of Hydrocodone, Codeine for Children