text:
Wisconsin Badgers cruise into Battle 4 Atlantis final with 78-58 win over Oklahoma Sooners
breaking topical
Jim Polzin | Wisconsin State Journal
Wisconsin coach Greg Gard has led the Badgers to a 5-0 record to open the 2018-19 season.
AMBER ARNOLD, STATE JOURNAL
PARADISE ISLAND, Bahamas – It was clear from the first possession of the game Thursday afternoon that Oklahoma's objective was to not get beat by Ethan Happ.
It was up to D'Mitrik Trice and the other shooters on the University of Wisconsin men's basketball team to make the Sooners pay for that strategy.
Trice did his part, making seven 3-pointers en route to a career-high 25 points in the No. 25 Badgers' 78-58 victory over Oklahoma in a Battle 4 Atlantis semifinal at Imperial Arena.
The sophomore point guard got plenty of help on the perimeter, too. The Badgers finished 14 of 22 from beyond the arc – a sizzling 63.6 percent – to put themselves in position to win this event for the second time in four years.
Redshirt freshman wing Kobe King and sophomore forward Nate Reuvers each made three 3-pointers for UW (5-0), which will face Tony Bennett's No. 4 Virginia Cavaliers (5-0) in the championship game on Friday at 1 p.m.
King finished with a career-high 14 points off the bench, while Reuvers had 12.
After UW coach Greg Gard arrived at his postgame news conference and began running down a list of items he was pleased with from the win, he couldn't help but interject some self-deprecating humor. "Making shots," he said. "Being Captain Obvious there."
Get ready for the Battle 4 Atlantis as Wisconsin Badgers travel to Bahamas
The University of Wisconsin men's basketball team entered the 2014 Battle 4 Atlantis as the favorite and lived up to that billing, beating Ala…
Trice made his first seven attempts from 3-point range before finally missing. After missing his final 23 games last season with a foot injury, Trice is 20 of 33 (60.6 percent) through the first five games of the 2018-19 campaign.
This was already the third time he's had at least 20 points in a game this season.
"I would have never expected that I'd be here this year, like this," Trice said after falling one 3-pointer shy of matching Bronson Koenig's single-game record at UW. "I thank my teammates, my coaches, for always believing in me, and just continue to work on my confidence and continue to get this thing rolling."
Stanford ran the Badgers off the 3-point line on Wednesday, limiting UW to only eight attempts from beyond the arc. The Cardinal decided to take their chances by not providing help for the defender guarding Happ.
Oklahoma (4-1) did the exact opposite. When Happ got the ball on the block, another defender – and sometimes two – drifted over to provide support.
That scheme led to headaches for Happ, who didn't score until the final minute of the first half and finished 6 of 13 from the field to go along with a game-high four turnovers.
But it led to a lot of open looks for Happ's teammates on the perimeter.
"That's what good clubs have is kind of a pick-your-poison a little bit," said Oklahoma coach Lon Kruger, whose team got 18 points from senior guard Christian James. "They've got great discipline with what they do. Happ obviously can score inside. Very willing passer, very good passer when you do run a second guy."
King provided a boost in the first half by knocking down a pair of 3-pointers when UW was still trying to feel things out. While senior Khalil Iverson starts at the "3" spot and has done a little bit of everything for the Badgers – he had six points, eight rebounds, two blocks and two steals against the Sooners – any scoring King can give UW off the bench would be huge.
"He was able to give us a spark today," Gard said. "And that's what we continue to need from him."
UW went 8 of 9 from 3-point range and averaged 1.57 points per possession in the second half to break open a close game.
Oklahoma was within 33-31 after a 3-pointer from Brady Manek, but Reuvers made a 3-pointer during a 7-0 run that helped the Badgers create a cushion.
After the Sooners cut their deficit to 40-34, Trice made three 3-pointers in a span of seven possessions to push UW's lead to double digits.
"We obviously wanted to treat him like a very good shooter and it didn't look like we did at times, in terms of getting to him," Kruger said of Trice, who set a Battle 4 Atlantis record for most 3-pointers in a game. "He's a terrific player and had a good game today."
A day after relying heavily on its defense to beat Stanford, UW shot the lights out against Oklahoma. It was a positive sign early in the season that the Badgers can win in different ways.
"I just keep going back to the experience factor, where last year we might not have done as well against the double team or if a couple of guys missed a shot, we might not have stayed with it," Happ said. "But it's another year under everyone's belts that definitely helps us in those aspects."
Virginia 66, Dayton 59
De'Andre Hunter is rapidly developing into a game-changing presence in fourth-ranked Virginia's lineup.
The 6-foot-7 redshirt sophomore matched his career high with 23 points and hit a critical late 3-pointer to help the Cavaliers hold off Dayton 66-59 in Thursday's Battle 4 Atlantis semifinals. It was his second big outing in two days in the Bahamas, a sign that last season's Atlantic Coast Conference sixth man of the year is poised to thrive in a leading role.
"Every game you sort of start over," Virginia coach Tony Bennett said. "But as long as he's ready to go and has that mindset of being defensive-minded and then aggressive with soundness offensively, that's all I can ask for from him."
Virginia (5-0) advanced to Friday's championship game to face No. 25 Wisconsin, which beat Oklahoma in a semifinal to start the four-game slate on Thanksgiving Day. Florida beat Stanford and Butler beat Middle Tennessee in the consolation bracket.
Hunter had 15 points, eight rebounds and a career-high nine assists in the first-round win over Middle Tennessee, a sneaky-good performance that even had Bennett surprised by his assist total afterward.
On Thursday, he roamed everywhere and essentially played as the 5-man in a small-ball lineup down the stretch as Virginia sought to counter Dayton's athleticism. He's athletic enough to harass smaller players on the wing but strong enough to wrestle with big men with his 225-pound frame.
"I think it helps a lot offensively and defensively," he said. "I can switch 1 through 4, maybe sometimes guard a 5. And offensively, I can bring the big man out and let our guards drive and attack."
He hit the game's biggest shot, too.
Leading 60-56 with the shot clock dwindling, Hunter took a pass on the right side and pump-faked to get Dayton's Obi Toppin airborne. He calmly took a dribble as Toppin flew by and buried a 3 with 53.1 seconds left, helping the Cavaliers hold on after the Flyers (4-1) shot 55 percent after halftime.
"You get a miss there and who knows - you get a transition opportunity, it's a different ballgame," Dayton coach Anthony Grant said. "That was huge. He's a big player and made a big-time play for his team."
Badgers Men's Basketball
Greg Gard
Ethan Happ
Brad Davison
Nate Reuvers
D'mitrik Trice
Khalil Iverson
Brevin Pritzl
Aleem Ford
Kobe King
Bucky!
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Jim Polzin covers Wisconsin Badgers men's basketball for the Wisconsin State Journal.
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Wisconsin Badgers Men's Basketball
Wisconsin Badgers ride late run to defeat Stanford Cardinal 62-46 in Battle 4 Atlantis
Ethan Happ had 16 points and 12 rebounds before fouling out late, and No. 25 Wisconsin beat Stanford 62-46 in Wednesday's first round at the Battle 4 Atlantis.
Badgers frustrated with new focus on hook-and-hold fouls
Officials assessed five Flagrant 1 hook-and-hold fouls in UW's 96-59 win over Houston Baptist on Saturday, three on the Huskies and two on the Badgers.
Badgers move up to No. 25 in new AP men's basketball poll
UW, led by Big Ten player of the week Ethan Happ, is off to a 3-0 start for the first time since the 2014-15 season.
Ethan Happ has a game to remember as Wisconsin Badgers cruise past Houston Baptist Huskies 96-59
Wisconsin's senior center authored another masterpiece Saturday night at the Kohl Center, becoming the program's all-time leader in rebounds while leading the Badgers to a 96-59 victory over Houston Baptist.
Photos: Wisconsin Badgers 96, Houston Baptist Huskies 59
The Wisconsin Badgers defeated the Houston Baptist Huskies, 96-59, Saturday night at the Kohl Center in Madison.
Prep guard Lorne Bowman says he'll play for Badgers in 2020
He averaged 22.5 points and 4.9 assists last season as a sophomore at Orchard Lake St. Mary's near Detroit.
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Tony Bennett's No. 4 Cavaliers a great measuring stick for unbeaten Badgers in Battle 4 Atlantis finale
The Badgers' best win to date was Thursday's 78-58 decision over Oklahoma — No. 46 in Ken Pomeroy's ratings — while Virginia is No. 3 in KenPom.
Wisconsin Badgers pick up first loss of season as Virginia Cavaliers take Battle 4 Atlantis title with 53-46 win
Sophomore forward DeAndre Hunter scored 20 points to lead No. 4 Virginia to a 53-46 victory over the No. 25 Badgers in the final of the Battle 4 Atlantis at Imperial Arena.
Badgers' Aleem Ford thrilled to be back on court after knee surgery
The sophomore forward appeared in all three of the Badgers' games in the Battle 4 Atlantis, playing a total of 14 minutes after missing UW's first three games of the season.
Badgers move up three spots to No. 22 in AP poll
The Badgers (5-1) return to action Tuesday night when they play host to North Carolina State (6-0) in an ACC/Big Ten Challenge game at the Kohl Center.
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Photos: Wisconsin Badgers 79, N.C. State Wolfpack 75
The Wisconsin Badgers men's basketball team defeated the North Carolina State Wolfpack, 79-75, in the ACC/Big Ten Challenge on Tuesday night a…
Wisconsin Badgers' stellar backcourt play in crunch time fuels rally past N.C. State Wolfpack
One of the heroes of UW's 79-75 victory was D'Mitrik Trice, who finished with 18 points, six assists and three steals. And then there was Brad Davison, who made two free throws to seal the win and also drew four charges, including one on the possession after Trice's biggest shot.
Fans take to Twitter to share thoughts on Badgers' win over Hawkeyes
Wisconsin State Journal reporter Jim Polzin asked Badgers fans on Twitter what they thought of No. 22 Wisconsin's 72-66 win over the 14th-rank…


Make preparing rice the easiest part of making a Japanese dinner with Wooke's microwaveable Yumepirika rice. Vacuum-sealed to lock in freshness and containing no preservatives, the 100% Yumepirika rice in each of these three single servings has been cultivated in Hokkaido using fresh spring water. Give this rice a try and taste the difference.
Microwavable rice is something of a miracle product in countries like Japan, where rice is the dietary staple. Normally rice is prepared in rice cookers or on stove tops, but sometimes there is a need to prepare rice quickly and without the use of pots, pans, or rice cookers. This is where microwavable rice is so handy. For more types and varieties of rice, take a look at japancentre.com's Rice section.
• Peel back one corner of the film cover to the dotted red line.


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<div class="free_version_banner" <?php if( isset($_COOKIE['hugeitMapsFreeBannerShow']) && $_COOKIE['hugeitMapsFreeBannerShow'] == "no" ) echo 'style="display:none"'; ?> >
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


This new 2018 Honda Pioneer 1000-5 Deluxe ATV for sale has 1 miles. The color is Red. It is offered for sale by Trojan Powersports and located in Monroe, MI. The listing # is 83860.
TOUGH JOB? ROUGH TRAIL? NO PROBLEM. All side-by-sides face the same challenges, but it's how they solve them that sets Honda's Pioneers apart. Smart technology. Superior materials. Refined engineering. And something nobody else can match: Honda's well-earned and world-famous reputation for reliability and overall quality. And the farther you go or the harder you work, the more that means.
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5. Bed Extenders, are they worth it?
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text:
Astros bring World Series trophy to Uvalde Thursday
The Astros are calling the trip "The Caravan" and it also includes stops in the Houston area and Corpus Christi.
Author: KENS 5 Staff (KENS 5)
UVALDE, Texas — The Houston Astros are bringing their World Series trophy to Uvalde on Thursday.
The trip is part of a tour around the state the team is doing this month following their 2022 World Series victory.
The Astros Caravan arrived Thursday in Uvalde, with two players and their World Series trophy.
They visited Flores and Uvalde Elementary Schools as well as the Uvalde Civic Center. They say they were thrilled to bring smiles to the faces of fans, young and old, here in Uvalde.
"They're big fans. I mean we're all big fans. So we decided to skip school and come bring the boys for a little while," said Fernando Esquivel who brought his son Brandon and nephew Derek who both play little league to the Uvalde Civic Center to meet a couple of their idols. They skipped class today but they know school is important. Esquivel said, "Their mom is a teacher and their dad is a teacher but sometimes a little break from the norm is good for the heart too."
"I know the Astros Foundation is going to do everything in their power to be here for Uvalde," said 3rd baseman Alex Bregman who made the trip, along with pitcher Lance McCullers. They say this stop in Uvalde is a must. McCullers told us, "The Astros want to be here for the city and the community and as individual players we want to here. We want to show up and let people know that we are here to support them and it is something that we're not just gonna forget about and just kinda let it go by."
Fans brought all sorts of things for the players to autograph like shirts and pictures. Each getting some shots with the trophy and the players themselves who even had some advice for our two young up and coming ball players. Bregman said, "I think if your heart is in it you'll practice in this league to be where you want to be." McCullers added, "Play the game with a smile on your face. It's a fun game to play so always remember that."
The Astros say they're committed to helping Uvalde heal through baseball. The team hosted "Uvalde Strong Day" in August, bringing ten buses of residents to the game. Faith Mata, who lost her sister Tess Mata in the shooting, threw out the first pitch.
For the Uvalde trip, the team tweeted that the trophy will be at the Uvalde Civic Center from noon to 2 p.m. and Shooting Stars will be at the H-E-B on Main Street in Uvalde from noon to 2 p.m.
Tuesday, the Astros players and the Shooting Stars had an early dinner at Whataburger by the Bay in Corpus Christi.
Click here to learn more about the Caravan tour.
Astros Caravan makes several stops in Corpus Christi
Texas House, Senate honor Houston Astros' World Series win
Astros meet their newest fans at Methodist Hospital during caravan tour
Learn more about KENS 5:
Since going on the air in 1950, KENS 5 has strived to be the best, most trusted news and entertainment source for generations of San Antonians.
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Today, KENS 5 continues to set the standard in local broadcasting and is recognized by its peers for excellence and innovation. The KENS 5 News team focuses on stories that really matter to our community.
You can find KENS 5 in more places than ever before, including KENS5.com, the KENS 5 app, the KENS 5 YouTube channel, KENS 5's Roku and Fire TV apps, and across social media on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and more!
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


There is a football ground in front of the school which was established in 1944. The students are very inquisitive and they expressed their interest regarding the Swayangsiddha initiative. There are about 1000 students in the school. It is worth mentioning that Hon'ble Minister Shri Manturam Pakhira is an ex-student of the school. The teachers informed that 5-10 girls of classes IX and X get married every year and the students do not have any clear idea about the tradition of their district or village.


text:
#include "h2o.h"
#include "h2o/configurator.h"

struct errordoc_configurator_t {
    h2o_configurator_t super;
    h2o_mem_pool_t pool;
    H2O_VECTOR(h2o_errordoc_t) * vars, _vars_stack[H2O_CONFIGURATOR_NUM_LEVELS + 1];
};

static int scan_and_check_status(h2o_configurator_command_t *cmd, yoml_t *value, int *slot)
{
    if (value->type != YOML_TYPE_SCALAR) {
        h2o_configurator_errprintf(cmd, value, "status must be must be either of: scalar, sequence of scalar");
        return -1;
    }
    if (h2o_configurator_scanf(cmd, value, "%d", slot) != 0)
        return -1;
    if (!(400 <= *slot && *slot <= 599)) {
        h2o_configurator_errprintf(cmd, value, "status must be within range of 400 to 599");
        return -1;
    }
    return 0;
}

static int register_errordoc(h2o_configurator_command_t *cmd, h2o_configurator_context_t *ctx, yoml_t *hash)
{
    struct errordoc_configurator_t *self = (void *)cmd->configurator;
    int status[200];
    size_t status_len = 0;
    int parsed;
    const char *url = NULL;
    size_t i, j, k;
    yoml_t *key, *value;

    for (i = 0; i != hash->data.mapping.size; ++i) {
        key = hash->data.mapping.elements[i].key;
        value = hash->data.mapping.elements[i].value;
        if (key->type != YOML_TYPE_SCALAR)
            goto UnknownKeyError;
        if (strcmp(key->data.scalar, "status") == 0) {
            if (status_len != 0)
                goto KeyAlreadyDefinedError;

            if (value->type == YOML_TYPE_SEQUENCE) {
                if (value->data.sequence.size == 0) {
                    h2o_configurator_errprintf(cmd, value, "status sequence must not be empty");
                    return -1;
                }
                for (j = 0; j != value->data.sequence.size; ++j) {
                    if (scan_and_check_status(cmd, value->data.sequence.elements[j], &parsed) != 0)
                        return -1;
                    /* check the scanned status hasn't already appeared */
                    for (k = 0; k != status_len; ++k) {
                        if (status[k] == parsed) {
                            h2o_configurator_errprintf(cmd, value, "status %d appears multiple times", status[k]);
                            return -1;
                        }
                    }
                    status[status_len++] = parsed;
                }
            } else {
                if (scan_and_check_status(cmd, value, &parsed) != 0)
                    return -1;
                status[status_len++] = parsed;
            }

        } else if (strcmp(key->data.scalar, "url") == 0) {
            if (url != NULL)
                goto KeyAlreadyDefinedError;
            if (value->type != YOML_TYPE_SCALAR) {
                h2o_configurator_errprintf(cmd, value, "URL must be a scalar");
                return -1;
            }
            url = value->data.scalar;
        } else {
            goto UnknownKeyError;
        }
    }

    if (status_len == 0) {
        h2o_configurator_errprintf(cmd, hash, "mandatory key `status` is not defined");
        return -1;
    }
    if (url == NULL) {
        h2o_configurator_errprintf(cmd, hash, "mandatory key `url` is not defined");
        return -1;
    }

    h2o_iovec_t _url = h2o_strdup(&self->pool, url, SIZE_MAX);
    for (i = 0; i != status_len; ++i){
        /* register */
        h2o_vector_reserve(&self->pool, self->vars, self->vars->size + 1);
        h2o_errordoc_t *errordoc = self->vars->entries + self->vars->size++;
        errordoc->status = status[i];
        errordoc->url = _url;
    }

    return 0;

UnknownKeyError:
    h2o_configurator_errprintf(cmd, key, "key must be either of: `status`, `url`");
    return -1;
KeyAlreadyDefinedError:
    h2o_configurator_errprintf(cmd, key, "the key cannot be defined more than once");
    return -1;
}

static int on_config_errordoc(h2o_configurator_command_t *cmd, h2o_configurator_context_t *ctx, yoml_t *node)
{
    switch (node->type) {
    case YOML_TYPE_SEQUENCE: {
        size_t i;
        for (i = 0; i != node->data.sequence.size; ++i) {
            yoml_t *e = node->data.sequence.elements[i];
            if (e->type != YOML_TYPE_MAPPING) {
                h2o_configurator_errprintf(cmd, e, "element must be a mapping");
                return -1;
            }
            if (register_errordoc(cmd, ctx, e) != 0)
                return -1;
        }
        return 0;
    }
    case YOML_TYPE_MAPPING:
        return register_errordoc(cmd, ctx, node);
    default:
        break;
    }

    h2o_configurator_errprintf(cmd, node, "argument must be either of: sequence, mapping");
    return -1;
}

static int on_config_enter(h2o_configurator_t *_self, h2o_configurator_context_t *ctx, yoml_t *node)
{
    struct errordoc_configurator_t *self = (void *)_self;

    if (self->vars == self->_vars_stack) {
        /* entering global level */
        h2o_mem_init_pool(&self->pool);
    }

    /* copy vars */
    memset(&self->vars[1], 0, sizeof(self->vars[1]));
    h2o_vector_reserve(&self->pool, &self->vars[1], self->vars[0].size);
    h2o_memcpy(self->vars[1].entries, self->vars[0].entries, sizeof(self->vars[0].entries[0]) * self->vars[0].size);
    self->vars[1].size = self->vars[0].size;

    ++self->vars;
    return 0;
}

static int on_config_exit(h2o_configurator_t *_self, h2o_configurator_context_t *ctx, yoml_t *node)
{
    struct errordoc_configurator_t *self = (void *)_self;

    if (ctx->pathconf != NULL && self->vars->size != 0)
        h2o_errordoc_register(ctx->pathconf, self->vars->entries, self->vars->size);

    --self->vars;
    if (self->vars == self->_vars_stack) {
        /* exitting global level */
        h2o_mem_clear_pool(&self->pool);
    }

    return 0;
}

void h2o_errordoc_register_configurator(h2o_globalconf_t *conf)
{
    struct errordoc_configurator_t *c = (void *)h2o_configurator_create(conf, sizeof(*c));

    /* set default vars */
    c->vars = c->_vars_stack;

    /* setup handlers */
    c->super.enter = on_config_enter;
    c->super.exit = on_config_exit;

    /* reproxy: ON | OFF */
    h2o_configurator_define_command(&c->super, "error-doc", H2O_CONFIGURATOR_FLAG_ALL_LEVELS, on_config_errordoc);
}


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Television|Behind 'Outlander,' on Starz, True Hearts in the Highlands
Behind 'Outlander,' on Starz, True Hearts in the Highlands
Ronald D. Moore, the executive producer of "Outlander," and Terry Dresbach, its costume designer, outside their home in Scotland.CreditCreditAngela Catlin for The New York Times
By Bruce Fretts
Sometimes it's hard to tell where the real-life love story between Ronald D. Moore and Terry Dresbach begins and the fictional one they depict on "Outlander" ends.
Mr. Moore, the executive producer on the Starz series about a 1940s British nurse who is transported to 18th-century Scotland, met Ms. Dresbach, the show's costume designer, in 2003, while working together on the HBO drama "Carnivàle." After a long production meeting in a fluorescent-lit room, Mr. Moore confessed his feelings to Ms. Dresbach.
"I told her when she leaned forward, it was as if the sun came out, and when she leaned back, the sun went away," Mr. Moore recalled.
"I stood up and walked around the desk, and that was the first kiss," Ms. Dresbach said. "We were engaged six weeks later."
Cut to the pivotal first-season episode of "Outlander" in which that nurse, Claire Randall (Caitriona Balfe), marries the Jacobite warrior Jamie Fraser (Sam Heughan). He tells her: "I'll never forget when I came out of the church and saw you. It was as if I stepped outside on a cloudy day and suddenly the sun came out."
"When I wrote that, I thought, 'Wait 'til Terry reads this,' " Mr. Moore recalled. "It's a little love letter to her."
"I started crying," Ms. Dresbach said. "He's a hopeless romantic."
Swoonworthy moments like that have helped propel "Outlander" to rapid success. The recent midseason premiere drew 1.2 million live viewers, a 69 percent increase over its debut last summer.
'Outlander' Costume Designer Terry Dresbach on 8 Memorable Outfits
Ms. Dresbach discusses some of her most memorable designs.
In a recent interview at the Manhattan offices of Starz, the cable network that distributes "Outlander" in the United States, Mr. Moore and Ms. Dresbach — who joined the conversation via telephone from Scotland, where she's working on the show's coming second season — discussed the challenges and joys of working together as a couple on a project with such a rabid fan base.
"Outlander" is based on the first book in Diana Gabaldon's series of best-selling novels, which have sold more than 20 million copies worldwide. Ms. Gabaldon has now written eight books, all of which straddle the genres of historical fiction, romance, fantasy and adventure, and a ninth is on the way. Each volume (many run more than 800 pages) is expected to be covered by one season of the television show.
Ms. Dresbach's sublime costumes are a starring attraction. Yet before she and Mr. Moore decided to collaborate on the project, she had retired from show business and was spending much of her time helping to raise his two young children from a previous marriage, as he worked on sci-fi series like the highly acclaimed "Battlestar Galactica" revival.
Still, she couldn't resist the lure of bringing to life Ms. Gabaldon's best-selling historical novels, which she started to devour soon after the first one was published in 1991.
"As Ron kept pointing out, 'Who the hell else is going to do this other than you?' " Ms. Dresbach said. "He was kind of right."
It turned out to be a perfect fit. The couple share a similar philosophy when it comes to period costumes: Make them as authentic as possible. "I want them to look lived-in, beaten-up and home-repaired," Mr. Moore said. To that end, his wife assembled a 15-person aging and dyeing department, whose primary objective is to weather the costumes and "make them look real," he explained.
Occasionally, they clash when the needs of story and the reality of costumes collide. For instance, when the villainous redcoat Capt. Black Jack Randall (Tobias Menzies) literally rips Claire's bodice, Mr. Moore said, "Terry tells me in excruciating detail how impossible it is to rip open these dresses unless you're the Hulk, because there are many layers of thick fabric."
Ms. Dresbach continued: "Then Ron says, 'I don't care. Make it happen!' "
"That's when we're going to bend the reality of the period," said Mr. Moore, who settled on having Black Jack slice open Claire's dress with a knife.
Caitriona Balfe in "Outlander."CreditSony Pictures Television
The show's stars cite their costumes as keys to getting them into their characters. "Once you're sucked into these corsets, you realize just how repressed women were," Ms. Balfe, an Irish model turned actress, said. "Your ability to emote, vocalize and be physical is so restricted, purely because of the clothes." Lotte Verbeek, a Dutch period-drama veteran ("The Borgias") whose character is accused of being a witch, agreed: "The costumes help, but they also kind of hurt."
The male actors have fewer complaints about their wardrobe. "It's a totally freeing experience wearing a kilt," said Graham McTavish, who plays a Scottish war chieftain. "It represents something from the past that has style and elegance — you're not going out dressed in sweatpants, sneakers and a baseball cap."
Not all the men share his enthusiasm. "It's an awful thing, the kilt," sneered Mr. Menzies, perhaps channeling Black Jack's roguishness. "I don't know why you would wear that. Put some trousers on."
All these costumes come off nearly as often as they're put on, as "Outlander" maintains Starz's reputation as a purveyor of historical flesh, built on earlier opuses like "Spartacus: Blood and Sand." Yet despite a sadomasochistic spanking scene in the series' recent midseason premiere, Mr. Moore and Ms. Dresbach resist comparisons to another piece of erotic literature recently hitting the screen, "Fifty Shades of Grey."
"Our intention as filmmakers is not to play that," he said. "But if the audience wants to bring that to the party, that's all well and good."
Ms. Dresbach noted: "In our 20th-century brains, corsets are sex get-ups. But in the 18th century, they were like T-shirts. You always have to know that a modern audience isn't going to look at things through historical eyes."
Still, the overall appeal of "Outlander" is less about sex than it is about chivalry. "It's unashamedly romantic, and that's very rare nowadays on TV," Mr. McTavish said. "A lot of shows are cynical, lacking in hope and nihilistic, and we go against that trend."
Mr. Moore agreed: "Even as there's tragedy, it has a moral center, heroism and belief, and that comes from the books. It's an adventure you want to take."
Graham McTavish in "Outlander."CreditSony Pictures Television
That's certainly been the case with the novels. Mr. Moore initially had trepidations about pleasing the books' devotees, but Ms. Gabaldon, who's a consultant on the show, was certain he was the right man for the job as soon as she read his pilot script.
"I told him, 'This is the first thing I've ever read based on my work that didn't make me turn white or burst into flames,' " she said from her home in Scottsdale, Ariz.
Mr. Moore and Ms. Dresbach acknowledge they take license in altering some details, but the fans have come to understand. "At first they were like, 'Wait, there aren't little flowers on that dress like Diana wrote,' " Ms. Dresbach said. "I just came clean and said, 'Look, guys, I'm a fan of the books, but I've got to design what's in my head. It's not done without love and care, but it's got to be my choice.' "
One choice that was nonnegotiable was to shoot on location in Scotland. And Mr. Moore and Ms. Dresbach have so fallen in love with the nation that they now live in a 700-year-old house near a castle where the series films. "It's got secret passageways," Ms. Dresbach said of their home. "You pull down a wall sconce and a corridor opens up."
Mr. Moore and Ms. Dresbach frequently host cast and crew members for dinners and holidays, earning them the nicknames of Papa Bear and Mama Bear from Ms. Balfe, among others. "Part of my job is to take care of the family," Mr. Moore said. " 'Do they have food today? How long have they been in the rain?' " Ms. Dresbach added: "I'll whack Sam Heughan on the back of the head if he messes with his costume too much. It's like I yell at my kids: 'Pick that up off the floor!' "
These father and mother figures often also find themselves compared with their show's central characters. "The fans say we're the real-life Jamie and Claire," Ms. Dresbach said. "I'm a lot like her — I'm outspoken, pushy and brash. Ron is true, solid and heroic. He's Prince Charming. He's one step short of having that white horse."
Mr. Moore shook his head in disagreement. "I'm more deeply flawed than Jamie is," he said. "But you are very much like Claire."
Ms. Dresbach concluded: "There are a lot of moments when you're yanking me out of the fire right before I'm about to get everybody killed, just like Jamie does with Claire. Wouldn't you say, dear?"
"Yes, dear," Mr. Moore said.
A version of this article appears in print on , Section AR, Page 18 of the New York edition with the headline: Real Hearts, Imaginary Highlands. Order Reprints | Today's Paper | Subscribe


Do you know an outstanding classroom teacher who is using technology in creative ways to help students achieve? Or an administrator who is demonstrating outstanding vision and leadership when it comes to technology usage?
We invite Long Island educators to nominate colleagues for the annual Fred Podolski Leadership and Innovation in Technology Awards. Each year these awards are presented to one teacher and one administrator who have demonstrated outstanding technology innovations.
Nominations must be submitted by May 10, 2019.
This award is named in memory of Nassau BOCES' longtime director of Curriculum, Instruction and Technology. Mr. Podolski was a firm believer in the impact technology could have on student learning. He was also the founder of the Long Island Technology and Education Summit.
This award is given to an educational administrator who has demonstrated vision, leadership and support of technology initiatives. The nominee should have a clear record of driving the use of technology, a demonstrated ability to identify future needs and a passion for serving the educational needs of students and teachers within their school district.
The "Most Innovative Use of Technology" award is given to one classroom teacher that has demonstrated creative, unique and resourceful use of technology in the classroom. The nominee should have a clear record of making a positive impact on his or her students' achievement, school and community through exemplary classroom teaching.
The 2019 Long Island Technology and Education Summit Planning committee will review the nominations and will notify the selected nominees and their nominators in June 2019. Honorees will be recognized at the Long Island Technology and Education Summit to be held on October 18, 2019, at the Hilton Long Island/Huntington.


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Institute completes Washington County community branding project
October 15, 2020 | Spotlight
Writer: Staff Reports
The Institute of Government, in collaboration with the University of Georgia Archway Partnership, recently completed a yearlong branding process in Washington County.
The new brand identity features the tagline "It All Happens Here," which captures Washington County's unique history and storytelling culture, celebrating what is locally known as the "WACO Life." To learn more about the Washington County brand, visit www.brandwashingtonco.com.
The branding process resulted in a unified visual identity and brand message for the central Georgia county as well as customized logos for each of the county's eight communities: Davisboro, Deepstep, Harrison, Oconee, Riddleville, Sandersville, Tennille and Warthen.
A broad-based community steering committee worked closely with Institute faculty member Kaitlin Messich and graphic designer Allison Cape on a three-phase process to develop a distinctive brand, related logos and typography and color palette to create an effective, unified message.
Jayson Johnston, executive director of the Washington County Development Authority, and Washington County Archway Professional Conni Fennell-Burley served as co-chairs of the steering committee and have played integral roles in the project's success.
"This has been an incredible project and has impacted so many facets of our community," Fennell-Burley said. "It seems that every step with the project leads to another great opportunity — the entire project has been embraced by everyone who has seen it and been involved."
The Washington County Chamber of Commerce, led by Chamber President Katie Moncus, is managing brand implementation.
A new Washington County Brand Champions group convened in September to begin focusing on brand promotion and management. A community-wide brand reveal event is currently being planned, Fennell-Burley said.
"The chamber of commerce and the development authority has led the way with embracing both brands and we cannot wait to reveal it all to our community," she said.
One proposal that was not chosen to become the official brand identity — with the tagline "We Dig It" — was deemed perfect to use for the county's largest event, the annual Kaolin Festival. Though the festival was cancelled this year due to the coronavirus pandemic, the chamber reported record sales of T-shirts displaying the new Kaolin Festival logo and will use the proceeds to support future brand promotion.
The Institute of Government launched its Community Branding program in 2018. In addition to Washington County, other Institute branding projects include "Come Home" for Hawkinsville-Pulaski County and the Copper Basin designs that present a unified regional identity while capturing the copper mining history and heritage of the neighboring cities of McCaysville, Ga., and Copperhill and Ducktown, Tenn.
Shown above: Washington County and all eight of its cities are planning to unveil a distinctive community brand that the Institute of Government developed in collaboration with a local steering committee and the UGA Archway Partnership.
Georgia Workforce Pipeline Snapshot Georgia High School Graduation Rate
Georgia Workforce Pipeline Snapshot Georgia's Population Age Distribution
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Viasat (VSAT) Boosts RTE Industry With Infostellar Partnership
Viasat, Inc. VSAT recently announced that it has inked a Real-Time Earth (RTE) agreement with Infostellar Inc., a software-driven space communications infrastructure firm. As part of the partnership, the Carlsbad, CA-based satellite telecommunications company will be responsible for supplying antennas for Infostellar's amplified suite of ground station networks, while acting as a market channel lead for the latter's services in the United States.
Markedly, the integration of Infostellar's Ground Segment as a Service (GSaaS) into Viasat's avant-garde portfolio of mission-critical networking systems is expected to reinforce the growing influence of RTE across the global markets. It is also expected to aid operators to provide immediate access to valuable data with superior bandwidth economics and enhanced network efficiency.
Based in Tokyo, Japan, Infostellar is a GSaaS startup company that primarily caters to the space communications requirements of ground station owners and satellite operators. It amalgamates satellite systems engineering experience with agile software development to create breakthrough solutions that will help contemporary businesses to thrive in the evolving space economy.
The company has an avant-garde cloud-based ground station solution, StellarStation, which enables satellite operators to communicate from a variety of antennas on the back of a unified interface. The StellarStation monetizes antenna's spare capacity and reaches a broad scale of customers with best-in-class satellite solutions. Some of its prominent investors are Sony Corporation SNE, Airbus Ventures and Mitsubishi UFJ Lease & Finance.
Per the agreement, the Japan-based company will also stand-in as a market channel lead for Viasat's RTE network, which is a hybrid space and ground space communications network for small-sized satellites. Apparently, the communications platform is considered to be the ultimate solution in data delivery for Low Earth Orbiting (LEO) satellites. With virtualized hardware and advanced ground station architectures, it capitalizes on the X-, S- and Ka-bands to address future data requirements with utmost resiliency. Further, the innovative system ensures data protection with advanced cybersecurity capabilities.
Specifically designed to provide global coverage via space LEO-to-Viasat GEO satellite links, the RTE network enables real-time tasking and supports both next-gen and traditional services in a cost-effective manner. It is worth mentioning that the combined synergies arising from this strategic collaboration is likely to not only bolster Infostellar's growing GSaaS market but also drive Viasat's expansion of its RTE network in the global arena with an augmented market position in the East Asian country.
Viasat maintains a leading position in the satellite and wireless communications market. The company attracts millions of U.S. consumers and enterprises with its top-notch broadband service. Its blue-chip customer base, which comprises the U.S. Department of Defense, allied foreign governments, satellite network integrators as well as large communications service providers, adds to its strength. Currently, the company's Government Systems segment is acting as a major profit churner. Viasat is eyeing opportunities to extend broadband satellite mobility to rotary wing aircraft, as it is a large addressable market that can emerge as a key profit churner.
In addition, the company is ramping up investments in the development of its revolutionary ViaSat-3 broadband communications platform, which will boast nearly 10 times the bandwidth capacity of ViaSat-2. Impressively, Viasat caters to vast emerging markets of South America, Africa, the Middle East and Western Asia. Hence, solid traction of ViaSat-1 and ViaSat-2 satellites, coupled with strategically planned ViaSat 3 satellites, is expected to provide a solid competitive edge over peers, thereby bolstering growth in the long run.
Viasat currently carries a Zacks Rank #3 (Hold). Despite diligent operational endeavors, the stock has plunged 50.5% against the industry's growth of 33.4% in the past year.
Some better-ranked stocks in the industry are Ubiquiti Inc. UI and Aviat Networks, Inc. AVNW, each sporting a Zacks Rank #1 (Strong Buy). You can see the complete list of today's Zacks #1 Rank stocks here.
Ubiquiti pulled off a trailing four-quarter positive earnings surprise of 27.9%, on average.
Aviat Networks pulled off a trailing four-quarter positive earnings surprise of 11.8%, on average.
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The things which affect and influence us most are those that were said to us, done to us and we never forget. They grow and become like flesh that cling to our mind, body, and heart. We must therefore continuously rid ourselves of those things that are toxic.


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The 30% contribution of the minority co-producer shall be spent in his own country.
The director shall be either Italian or Venezuelan national.
Artistic and technical staff shall be Italian or Venezuelan nationals or residents.
Participation of non-resident third-party country performers may exceptionally be permitted if the film so requires, subject to prior approval of the competent authorities of both co-producing countries.
Location shooting shall be done in one of the co-producing countries.
Location interior shooting and lab work shall preferably be done in the major co-producing country.
Multilateral co-productions shall be examined on a case-by-case basis if the third-party country is linked to Italia and Venezuela by a films co-production agreement. Films of high artistic and financial value shall be privileged.


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Pollia incarnata is een slakkensoort uit de familie van de Buccinidae. De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1830 door Deshayes.

Buccinidae

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cittadelmonte.info Environment Engineering Economics And Management Book Pdf
ENGINEERING ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT BOOK PDF
based on Contemporary Engineering Economics, 2nd edition, by Chan S. Park, .. which is a textbook web site for Contemporary Engineering Economics. Engineering Economics - Valparaiso University . engineering unit coastal stormwater & catchment management department design manual: . blanc 2 answers workbook pdf, sonik tx manual, earth science guided. Request PDF on ResearchGate | On Jan 12, , Arun Kumar Adhikary and others published Engineering Economics and Management. Publisher: E-book. Publisher: Technical Publication.
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Course G ENGINEERING ECONOMIC AND MANAGEMENT To include in his analytical framework economic concepts as inflation, TEXTBOOK. Financial Management. Time period: assets, liability, and the double entry book keeping. The project is within the topic Engineering Economics and. Engineering Economics and Management is the textbook which covers complete syllabus of the subject for the Gujarat Technological University (GTU) students.
Skip to main content. Log In Sign Up. Engineering Economics by Panneer Selvam. Wajeeh Rehman. Engineering Economics R. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by mimeograph or any other means, without permission in writing from the publisher.
If there is an advancement in technology used in the manufacture of the product in the long run, there will be a reduction in the production cost per unit. This will enable the manufacturer to have a greater profit margin per unit at the prevailing price of the product. Hence, the producer will be tempted to supply more quantity to the market.
Weather also has a direct bearing on the supply of products. For example, demand for woollen products will increase during winter. This means the prices of woollen goods will be incresed in winter. So, naturally, manufacturers will supply more volume of woollen goods during winter.
If the price of TV sets is lowered significantly, then its demand would naturally go up. As a result, the demand for associated products like VCDs would also go up. Engineering is the application of science.
It establishes varied application systems based on different scientific principles. From the discussions in the previous section, it is clear that price has a major role in deciding the demand and supply of a product.
The following section discusses the different types of efficiency and their impact on the operation of businesses and the definition and scope of engineering economics. The efficiency can be classified into technical efficiency and economic efficiency. Technical efficiency It is the ratio of the output to input of a physical system. The physical system may be a diesel engine, a machine working in a shop floor, a furnace, etc.
[PDF] Engineering Economics By R. Panneerselvam Book Free Download
This is mainly due to frictional loss and incomplete combustion of fuel, which are considered to be unavoidable phenomena in the working of a diesel engine. Economic efficiency Economic efficiency is the ratio of output to input of a business system. There are several ways of improving productivity. Increased output for the same input. In this strategy, the output is increased while keeping the input constant. Let us assume that in a steel plant, the layout of the existing facilities is not proper.
By slightly altering the location of the billet-making section, and bringing it closer to the furnace which produces hot metal, the scale formation at the top of ladles will be considerably reduced. The molten metal is usually carried in ladles to the billet-making section. In the long run, this would give more yield in terms of tonnes of billet produced. In this exercise, there is no extra cost involved. The only task is the relocation of the billet-making facility which involves an insignificant cost.
Decreased input for the same output. In this strategy, the input is decreased to produce the same output. Let us assume that there exists a substitute raw material to manufacture a product and it is available at a lower price. If we can identify such a material and use it for manufacturing the product, then certainly it will reduce the input. In this exercise, the job of the purchase department is to identify an alternate substitute material. The process of identification does not involve any extra cost.
So, the productivity ratio will increase because of the decreased input by way of using cheaper raw materials to produce the same output. Less proportionate increase in output is more than that of the input. Consider the example of introducing a new product into the existing product mix of an organization.
If we examine these two increases closely, the proportionate increase in the revenue will be more than the proportionate increase in the input cost. Hence, there will be a net increase in the productivity ratio. When proportionate decrease in input is more than that of the output. Let us consider the converse of the previous example, i. This will result in the following: Simultaneous increase in output and decrease in input. Let us assume that there are advanced automated technologies like robots and automated guided vehicle system AGVS , available in the market which can be employed in the organization we are interested in.
If we employ these modern tools, then: Initially, the cost on equipment would be very high. But, in the long run, the reduction in the operation cost would break-even the high initial investment and offer more savings on the input. The increased production will yield more revenue. In this example, in the long run, there is an increase in the revenue and a decrease in the input.
Hence, the productivity ratio will increase at a faster rate. In the process of managing organizations, the managers at different levels should take appropriate economic decisions which will help in minimizing investment, operating and maintenance expenditures besides increasing the revenue, savings and other related gains of the organization. Introduction 7 Scope The issues that are covered in this book are elementary economic analysis, interest formulae, bases for comparing alternatives, present worth method, future worth method, annual equivalent method, rate of return method, replacement analysis, depreciation, evaluation of public alternatives, inflation adjusted investment decisions, make or buy decisions, inventory control, project management, value engineering, and linear programming.
Variable cost varies with the volume of production while overhead cost is fixed, irrespective of the production volume. Variable cost can be further classified into direct material cost, direct labour cost, and direct expenses. The overhead cost can be classified into factory overhead, administration overhead, selling overhead, and distribution overhead.
Direct material costs are those costs of materials that are used to produce the product. Direct labour cost is the amount of wages paid to the direct labour involved in the production activities. Direct expenses are those expenses that vary in relation to the production volume, other than the direct material costs and direct labour costs.
Overhead cost is the aggregate of indirect material costs, indirect labour costs and indirect expenses. Administration overhead includes all the costs that are incurred in administering the business. Selling overhead is the total expense that is incurred in the promotional activities and the expenses relating to sales force. Distribution overhead is the total cost of shipping the items from the factory site to the customer sites. The selling price of a product is derived as shown below: Let the cost of producing 20 units of a product be Rs.
Then the marginal cost of producing the 21st unit is Rs. Let, the revenue of selling 20 units of a product be Rs. Then, the marginal revenue of selling the 21st unit is Rs.
Let us assume that an equipment has been purchased for Rs. If it is considered for replacement, then its present value is not Rs. Instead, its present market value should be taken as the present value of the equipment for further analysis. So, the purchase value of the equipment in the past is known as its sunk cost. The sunk cost should not be considered for any analysis done from nowonwards. If the same money is invested in some other alternative Y , it may fetch some return.
Since the money is invested in the selected alternative X , one has to forego the return from the other alternative Y. The amount that is foregone by not investing in the other alternative Y is known as the opportunity cost of the selected alternative X.
So the opportunity cost of an alternative is the return that will be foregone by not investing the same money in another alternative. Consider that a person has invested a sum of Rs. Let the expected annual return by this alternative be Rs. Then, the corresponding total return per year for the investment in the bank is Rs. This return is greater than the return from shares. The foregone excess return of Rs. The corresponding volume of production on the X-axis is known as the break-even sales quantity.
At the intersection point, the total cost is equal to the total revenue. This point is also called the no-loss or no-gain situation. For any production quantity which is less than the break-even quantity, the total cost is more than the total revenue.
Hence, the firm will be making loss. Hence, the firm will be making profit. The margin of safety M. Profit M. Define economics. Also discuss the flow of goods, services, resources and money payments in a simple economy with the help of a suitable diagram. Illustrate the effect of price on demand and supply; illustrate with the help of a diagram. Discuss the factors which influence demand and supply. Distinguish between technical efficiency and economic efficiency by giving examples.
What are the ways by which the economic efficiency can be improved? Give the definition and scope of engineering economics. Clearly explain the method of deriving the selling price of a product. Define the following costs with examples: Define break-even point. Draw a break-even chart and explain its components. Krishna Company Ltd. Consider the following data of a company for the year One can manage many of these decision problems by using simple economic analysis.
For example, an industry can source its raw materials from a nearby place or from a far-off place. In this problem, the following factors will affect the decision: This would certainly add cost to the product. On the other hand, consider another alternative of sourcing the raw materials from a far-off place with the following characteristics: Under such a situation, the procurement of the raw material should be decided in such a way that the overall cost is minimized.
Among various elements of cost, raw material cost is most significant and it forms a major portion of the total cost of any product. So, any attempt to find a suitable raw material will bring a reduction in the total cost in any one or combinations of the following ways: In this process, if the new raw material provides any additional benefit, then it should be treated as its welcoming feature.
This concept is demonstrated with two numerical problems. Either material will provide equal service, but the aluminium casting will weigh 1. The aluminium can be cast for Rs. The cost of machining per unit is Rs. Every kilogram of excess weight is associated with a penalty of Rs. Which material should be specified and what is the economic advantage of the selection per unit?
Elementary Economic Analysis 17 Solution a Cost of using aluminium metal for the jet engine part: Hence, aluminium is suggested for making the jet engine part. The different materials used to manufacture the tables and their costs are given in Table 2. Table 2. The wooden top therefore could be replaced with a granite top. This would require additional wood for the frame and legs to take the extra weight of the granite top.
The materials and labour requirements along with cost details to manufacture a table with granite top are given in Table 2.
Compute the cost of manufacture of the table under each of the alternatives described above and suggest the best alternative. Also, find the economic advantage of the best alternative. Hence, the table with granite top should be selected by the manufacturer. Design is an important factor which decides the cost of the product for a specified level of performance of that product.
The elementary economic analysis applied to the selection of design for a product is illustrated with two example problems. Either design will serve the purpose and will involve the same material and manufacturing cost except for the lathe and grinder operations. Design A will require 16 hours of lathe time and 4.
Design B will require 7 hours of lathe time and 12 hours of grinder time per 1, units. The operating cost of the lathe including labour is Rs. The operating cost of the grinder including labour is Rs.
Which design should be adopted if 1,00, units are required per year and what is the economic advantage of the best alternative? Hence, design B is recommended for making the tapered fastening pin.
The chief engineer of refinery operations is not satisfied with the preliminary design for storage tanks to be used as part of a plant expansion programme. From a graph of the article, the engineer found that the present ratio of height to diameter of 1. The cost for the tank design as originally submitted was estimated to be Rs. What are the optimum tank dimensions if the volume remains the same as for the original design? What total savings may be expected through the redesign?
Hence, it is assumed that the price of raw material is location dependent. While sourcing a raw material, the cost of transportation is to be considered in conjunction with the price of the raw material. This concept is demonstrated with a numerical example. Either steel or aluminium window frames will satisfy the design criteria. Because of the remote location of the building site and lack of building materials in Alpha State, the window frames will be purchased in Beta State and transported for a distance of 2, km to the site.
The price of window frames of the type required is Rs. The weight of steel window frames is 75 kg each and that of aluminium window frame is 28 kg each. The shipping rate is Re 1 per kg per km. Which design should be specified and what is the economic advantage of the selection?
Hence, aluminium window frame is recommended. The process sequence of a component which has been planned in the past is not static.
It is always subject to modification with a view to minimize the cost of manufacturing the component. The steps in process planning are as follows: Analyze the part drawing to get an overall picture of what is required. Make recommendations to or consult with product engineers on product design changes. List the basic operations required to produce the part to the drawing or specifications.
Determine the most practical and economical manufacturing method and the form or tooling required for each operation. Devise the best way to combine the operations and put them in sequence. Specify the gauging required for the process.
Steps 3—5 aim to determine the most practical and economical sequence of operations to produce a component. This concept is demonstrated with a numerical problem. Solution a Cost of component using process sequence 1. The process sequence 1 of the component is as follows: Turning — Milling — Shaping — Drilling The calculations for the cost of the above process sequence are summarized in Table 2.
The process sequence 2 of the component is as follows: Turning — Milling — Drilling The calculations for the cost of the above process sequence are given in Table 2. The process sequence 3 of the component is as follows: Only CNC operations The calculations for the cost of the above process sequence are summarized in Table 2.
Therefore, it should be selected for manufacturing the component. List and explain the different situations deserving elementary economic analysis. Explain the steps in the process planning. In the design of an aircraft jet engine part, the designer has a choice of specifying either an aluminium alloy casting or a steel casting. Either material will provide equal service, but the aluminium casting will weigh 5 kg as compared with 7 kg for the steel casting. The aluminium part can be cast for Rs.
Two alternatives are under consideration for a hexagonal bolt fastening pin. Either design will serve equally well and will involve the same material and manufacturing cost except for the lathe and grinder operations. Elementary Economic Analysis 25 Design A will require 20 hours of lathe time and 8 hours of grinder time per 10, units.
Design B will require 10 hours of lathe time and 22 hours of grinder time per 10, units. Which design should be adopted if 10,00, units are required per year and what is the economic advantage of the best alternative? A building contractor can source door frames from either a nearby shop or a far-off forest area. The cost details are as summarized in the following table. The total requirement of wood for the construction work is 75 tons.
Also find the economic advantage of the best decision. Consider Example 2. Rework this example if the ratio of the height to diameter corresponding to the minimum cost is 6: The process planning engineer of a firm listed down the sequences of operations, as shown in the following table to produce a component: Sequence Process sequence 1 Turning — Milling — Shaping — Drilling 2 Turning — Milling — Drilling 3 All operations are performed with CNC machine The details of process time for the components for various operations and their machine hour rates are tabulated now.
Operation Machine hour Process sequence rate Rs. It represents the growth of capital per unit period. The period may be a month, a quarter, semiannual or a year. So, the total amount at the end of the first year will be Rs. Hence the total amount at the end of the second year will be Rs. The process will continue thus till the specified number of years.
Table 3. The maturity value at the end of the fifth year is Rs. This means that the amount Rs. This is diagrammatically shown in Fig. This explanation assumes that the inflation is at zero percentage. Alternatively, the above concept may be discussed as follows: If we want Rs.
A detailed working is shown in Table 3. Similarly, if we want Rs. Also, this concept can be stated as follows: A person has received a prize from a finance company during the recent festival contest.
But the prize will be given in either of the following two modes: Spot payment of Rs. If this option is followed, the equivalent amount for Rs. This example clearly demonstrates the time value of money. To simplify all these computations, it is extremely important to know how to use interest formulas more effectively.
Before discussing the effective application of the interest formulas for investment-decision making, the various interest formulas are presented first. Interest rate can be classified into simple interest rate and compound interest rate. In simple interest, the interest is calculated, based on the initial deposit for every interest period.
In this case, calculation of interest on interest is not applicable. In compound interest, the interest for the current period is computed based on the amount principal plus interest up to the end of the previous period at the beginning of the current period.
The notations which are used in various interest formulae are as follows: The cash flow diagram of this situation is shown in Fig. Interest Formulas and Their Applications 29 F. Find the maturity value after 10 years.
The corresponding cash flow diagram is shown in Fig. What is the single-payment that he should deposit now so that he gets the desired amount after 10 years?
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In Fig. He plans to invest an equal sum of Rs. Find the maturity value of his account when he is 60 years old. Find the equivalent amount that must be deposited at the end of every year for the next 15 years.
Find the single-payment that must be made now as the reserve amount. The corresponding cash flow diagram is illustrated in Fig. This amount should be repaid in 15 yearly equal installments. Find the installment amount that the company has to pay to the bank. Find the total amount at the end of the 10th year of the above series.
The cash flow diagram is shown in Fig. The future worth sum of this revised series at the end of the 10th year is obtained as follows: He has 10 more years of service. He would like to deposit Rs. But, in practice, the compounding may occur less than a year.
For example, compounding may be monthly, quarterly, or semi-annually. Compounding monthly means that the interest is computed at the end of every month.
The compounding is quarterly. Find the maturity amount of the deposit after 10 years. Let us assume that an organization has a huge sum of money for potential investment and there are three different projects whose initial outlay and annual revenues during their lives are known. The executive has to select the best alternative among these three competing projects.
Interest Formulas and Their Applications 39 There are several bases for comparing the worthiness of the projects. These bases are: Present worth method 2. Future worth method 3. Annual equivalent method 4. Rate of return method These methods are discussed in detail in Chapters 4—7. Explain the time value of money. Give practical applications of various interest formulas.
A person deposits a sum of Rs. Find the future amount of the deposited money at the time of admitting his son in the professional course. A person needs a sum of Rs.
A person who is just 30 years old is planning for his retired life. A company is planning to expand its business after 5 years from now. The expected money required for the expansion programme is Rs. The company can invest Rs. If not, find the difference in amounts for which the company should make some other arrangement after 5 years.
A financial institution introduces a plan to pay a sum of Rs. Find the annual equivalent amount that a person should invest at the end of every year for the next 10 years to receive Rs.
The money required for the expansion programme is Rs. A company wants to set-up a reserve which will help it to have an annual equivalent amount of Rs. Find the single-payment that must be made as the reserve amount now. An automobile company recently advertised its car for a down payment of Rs. Alternatively, the car can be taken home by customers without making any payment, but they have to pay an equal yearly amount of Rs. Suggest the best alternative to the customers.
A company takes a loan of Rs.
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Find the equal installment amount that should be paid for the next 20 years. A bank gives loan to a company to purchase an equipment which is worth of Rs. This amount should be repaid in 25 yearly equal installments. A working woman is planning for her retired life. She has 20 more years of service. Find the total amount at the end of the 15th year of the above series.
Consider the following cash flow diagram. A person is planning for his retired life. Interest Formulas and Their Applications 41 A person invests a sum of Rs. The compounding is monthly.
Find the maturity amount of the deposit after 15 years. Then, depending on the type of decision, the best alternative will be selected by comparing the present worth amounts of the alternatives. The sign of various amounts at different points in time in a cash flow diagram is to be decided based on the type of the decision problem. In a cost dominated cash flow diagram, the costs outflows will be assigned with positive sign and the profit, revenue, salvage value all inflows , etc.
The costs outflows will be assigned with negative sign. In case the decision is to select the alternative with the minimum cost, then the alternative with the least present worth amount will be selected. On the other hand, if the decision is to select the alternative with the maximum profit, then the alternative with the maximum present worth will be selected. S R1 R2 R3.
The interest rate is i, compounded annually. S is the salvage value at the end of the nth year. If we have some more alternatives which are to be compared with this alternative, then the corresponding present worth amounts are to be computed and compared. Finally, the alternative with the maximum present worth amount should be selected as the best alternative. Finally, the alternative with the minimum present worth amount should be selected as the best alternative.
It has identified three different technologies for meeting the goal. The initial outlay and annual revenues with respect to each of the technologies are summarized in Table 4.
Table 4. Therefore, technology 2 is suggested for implementation to expand the production. The details of the bids for the elevators are as follows: Alpha Elevator Inc. Solution Bid 1: The cash flow diagram of bid 1 is shown in Fig. The present worth of the above cash flow diagram is computed as follows: Beta Elevator Inc.
Hence, bid 1 is to be selected for implementation. That is, the elevator from Alpha Elevator Inc. Proposal End of years 0 1 2 3 4 A Rs. Which proposal should be selected? The cash flow diagram of proposal A is shown in Fig.
The cash flow diagram of the proposal B is shown in Fig. Therefore, select proposal B. If it is purchased under down payment, the cost of the machine is Rs. Solution There are two alternatives available for the company: Down payment of Rs. The cash flow diagram of the second alternative is shown in Fig. Hence, the company should select the second alternative to buy the fully automated granite cutting machine. In plan 1, the company pays Rs. In plan 2, for every Rs.
Solution Plan 1. The cash flow diagram for plan 1 is illustrated in Fig. The cash flow diagram for plan 2 is shown in Fig. Innovative Investment Ltd. Which is the best investment alternative? At the end of the life of the business, the salvage value is zero.
A project involves an initial outlay of Rs. The salvage value at the end of the life of the project after five years is Rs. End Maintenance and Revenue of year operating expense Rs. Find the present worth of the following cash flow series. Consider the following cash flow series over a year period. End of year Cash flow Rs. The cost of erecting an oil well is Rs. The annual equivalent yield from the oil well is Rs. The salvage value after its useful life of 10 years is Rs. The details of the feasibility report of a project are as shown below.
You are asked to advise the best alternative for the customers based on the present worth method of comparison.
The cash flows of two project proposals are as given below. Each of the project has an expected life of 10 years. Initial Annual Salvage outlay equivalent value after revenue 10 years Rs. Project 1 —7,50, 2,00, 50, Project 2 —9,50, 2,25, 1,00, 9. A company has two alternatives for satisfying its daily travel requirements of its employees for the next five years: Renting a vehicle at a cost of Rs.
Alternative 2: Buying a vehicle for Rs. The salvage value of the vehicle after five years is Rs. She would like to have an annual equivalent amount of Rs. Find the single amount that should be deposited now so that she receives the above mentioned annual equivalent amount at the end of every year for 20 years after her retirement.
Then, the alternative with the maximum future worth of net revenue or with the minimum future worth of net cost will be selected as the best alternative for implementation. Finally, the alternative with the maximum future worth amount should be selected as the best alternative.
If we have some more alternatives which are to be compared with this alternative, then the corresponding future worth amounts are to be computed and compared. Finally, the alternative with the minimum future worth amount should be selected as the best alternative. End of year Alternative 0 1 2 3 4 A Rs. Thus, alternative A should be selected. He must decide which of the several alternatives to select in trying to obtain a desirable return on his investment. After much study and calculation, he decides that the two best alternatives are as given in the following table: Build Build soft gas station ice-cream stand First cost Rs.
Thus, building the gas station is the best alternative. Therefore, alternative 2 must be selected. Thus, none of the two alternatives should be selected. It has received tenders from three different original manufacturers of annealing furnace. The details are as follows. Manufacturer 1 2 3 Initial cost Rs. Krishna castings should buy the annealing furnace from manufacturer 2. Use future worth method of comparison. The cash flow diagram of machine A is given in Fig. The future worth function of Fig.
The cash flow diagram of the machine B is illustrated in Fig. The future worth function of Fig 5. Therefore, machine A should be selected. A suburban taxi company is considering buying taxis with diesel engines instead of petrol engines. The cars average 50, km a year, with a useful life of three years for the taxi with the petrol engine and four years for the diesel taxi.
Other comparative information are as follows: Diesel Petrol Vehicle cost Rs. A motorcycle is sold for Rs. The motorcycle dealer is willing to sell it on the following terms: Consider the following two mutually exclusive alternatives. A B Cost Rs. A company must decide whether to buy machine A or machine B: Use the future worth method of comparison.
Due to increasing awareness of customers, two different television manufacturing companies started a marketing war. The details of advertisements of the companies are as follows: Alpha Finance Company is coming with an option of accepting Rs.
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Beta Finance Company is coming with a similar option of accepting Rs. An insurance company gives an endowment policy for a person aged 30 years. The yearly premium for an insured sum of Rs. The policy will mature after 25 years. Also, the person is entitled for a bonus of Rs. If a person survives till the end of the 25th year: Then the alternative with the maximum annual equivalent revenue in the case of revenue-based comparison or with the minimum annual equivalent cost in the case of cost- based comparison will be selected as the best alternative.
The first step is to find the net present worth of the cash flow diagram using the following expression for a given interest rate, i: If we have some more alternatives which are to be compared with this alternative, then the corresponding annual equivalent revenues are to be computed and compared.
Finally, the alternative with the maximum annual equivalent revenue should be selected as the best alternative. The first step is to find the net present worth of the cash flow diagram using the following relation for a given interest rate, i. Then, in the second step, the annual equivalent cost is computed using the following equation: Finally, the alternative with the minimum annual equivalent cost should be selected as the best alternative.
Such procedure is to be applied to all the alternatives and finally, the best alternative is to be selected. In each of the cases presented in Sections 6. The owner of the company is concerned about the increasing cost of petrol. The cost per litre of petrol for the first year of operation is Rs. He feels that the cost of petrol will be increasing by Re. His experience with his company car indicates that it averages 9 km per litre of petrol. The executive expects to drive an average of 20, km each year for the next four years.
What is the annual equivalent cost of fuel over this period of time?. If he is offered similar service with the same quality on rental basis at Rs. If the rental car is preferred, then the company car will find some other use within the company.
The cash flow diagram for this situation is depicted in Fig. This amount is less than the annual rental value of Rs. Therefore, the company should continue to provide its own car to its executive. Three original manufacturers have responded to its tender whose particulars are tabulated as follows: Manufacturer Down payment Yearly equal No.
The annual equivalent cost of manufacturer 3 is less than that of manufacturer 1 and manufacturer 2. Therefore, the company should buy the advanced machine centre from manufacturer 3. The life of both alternatives is estimated to be 5 years with the following investments, annual returns and salvage values.
Alternative A B Investment Rs. The annual equivalent revenue expression of the above cash flow diagram is as follows: Thus, the company should select alternative B. The following data are to be used in the analysis: Base your answer on annual equivalent cost. The cash flow diagram of machine X is illustrated in Fig.
The cash flow diagram of machine Y is depicted in Fig. So, machine X is the more cost effective machine.
Data on the routes are as follows: Around the lake Under the lake Length 15 km 5 km First cost Rs. Therefore, select the route around the lake for laying the power line.
The cars average 60, km a year with a useful life of three years for the petrol taxi and four years for the diesel taxi. Other comparative details are as follows: Therefore, the taxi company should buy cars with diesel engine. Comparison is done on common multiple lives of 12 years. The company will reimburse their salesman each month the fuel cost and maintenance cost. Ramu has decided to drive a low-priced automobile. He finds, however, that there are two different ways of obtaining the automobile.
In either case, the fuel cost and maintenance cost are borne by the company. The monthly charge is Rs. At the end of the three-year period, the car is returned to the leasing company.
If the car could be sold for Rs. The monthly equivalent cost of alternative 1 is less than that of alternative 2. Hence, the salesman should purchase the car for cash.
She estimates that it will have a five year useful life and no salvage value at the end of equipment life. The dealer, who is a friend has offered Jothi Lakshimi two alternative ways to pay for the equipment.
Hence, Jothi Lakshimi should select alternative 2 for purchasing the home equipment. Brand Tyre warranty Price per tyre months Rs. This is months. The annual equivalent cost of brand C is less than that of other brands.
Hence, it should be used in the vehicles of the trucking company. It should be replaced four times during the month period. A company has three proposals for expanding its business operations. The details are as follows: Alternative Initial cost Annual revenue Life Rs. An automobile dealer has recently advertised for its new car.
There are three alternatives of purchasing the car which are explained below. Alternative 1 The customer can take delivery of a car after making a down payment of Rs. The remaining money should be paid in 36 equal monthly installments of Rs. Alternative 3 The customer can take delivery of the car by making full payment of Rs. Use the annual equivalent method. A small-scale industry is in the process of buying a milling machine. The purchase value of the milling machine is Rs. It has identified two banks for loan to purchase the milling machine.
In Urban Bank, the loan is to be repaid in 60 equal monthly installments of Rs. In State Bank, the loan is to be repaid in 40 equal monthly installments of Rs. Suggest the most economical loan scheme for the company, based on the annual equivalent method of comparison. There are two alternatives of replacing a machine. The details of the alternatives are as follows: Alternative 1 Purchase value of the new machine: A company receives two options for purchasing a copier machine for its office.
Option 1 Make a down payment of Rs. The remaining money is to be paid in 24 equal monthly installments of Rs. Find the best alternative using the annual equivalent method of comparison. In this method of comparison, the rate of return for each alternative is computed.
Then the alternative which has the highest rate of return is selected as the best alternative. A generalized cash flow diagram to demonstrate the rate of return method of comparison is presented in Fig. Rj Rn 0. In the above cash flow diagram, P represents an initial investment, Rj the net revenue at the end of the jth year, and S the salvage value at the end of the nth year.
The first step is to find the net present worth of the cash flow diagram using the following expression at a given interest rate, i.
In the figure, the present worth goes on decreasing when the interest rate is increased.
It will be very difficult to find the exact value of i at which the present worth function reduces to zero. So, one has to start with an intuitive value of i and check whether the present worth function is positive. If so, increase the value of i until PW i becomes negative.
Then, the rate of return is determined by interpolation method in the range of values of i for which the sign of the present worth function changes from positive to negative. The initial outlay and cash flow pattern for the new business are as listed below. The expected life of the business is five years. Find the rate of return for the new business. Period 0 1 2 3 4 5 Cash flow —1,00, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, Rs. The life of the project is 10 years with no salvage value at the end of its life.
The initial outlay of the project is Rs. The annual net profit is Rs. The life of all the three alternatives is estimated to be five years with negligible salvage value. Alternative A1 A2 A3 Rate of return So, it should not be considered for comparison.
The remaining two alternatives are qualified for consideration. Among the alternatives A1 and A2, the rate of return of alternative A1 is greater than that of alternative A2. Hence, alternative A1 should be selected. The amounts are in rupees. It has two alternatives for the expansion programme and the corresponding cash flows are tabulated below.
Each alternative has a life of five years and a negligible salvage value. Suggest the best alternative to the company. Initial investment Yearly revenue Rs. The formula for the net present worth of alternative 2 is: Consider the following cash flow of a project: Year 0 1 2 3 4 5 Cash flow —10, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, Find the rate of return of the project. At the end of the 10th year, the salvage value of the business is Rs.
Find the rate of return of the business. A company is in the process of selecting the best alternative among the following three mutually exclusive alternatives: Alternative Initial Annual revenue Life investment Rs. A shipping firm is considering the purchase of a materials handling system for unloading ships at a dock. The firm has reduced their choice to three different systems, all of which are expected to provide the same unloading speed. The initial costs and the operating costs estimated for each system are now tabulated.
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