text:
//
// Copyright 2013 Foursquare
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
//

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN

typedef NS_ENUM(NSUInteger, FSOAuthStatusCode) {
    FSOAuthStatusSuccess,                           // Sucessfully initiated the OAuthRequest
    FSOAuthStatusErrorInvalidClientID,              // An invalid clientId was passed in
    FSOAuthStatusErrorInvalidCallback,              // An invalid callbackUrl was passed in
    FSOAuthStatusErrorFoursquareNotInstalled,       // The Foursquare app is not installed on the user's device
    FSOAuthStatusErrorFoursquareOAuthNotSupported,  // The Foursquare app is installed, but it is not a new enough version to support OAuth
};

// See http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749#section-5.2
typedef NS_ENUM(NSUInteger, FSOAuthErrorCode) {
    FSOAuthErrorNone,
    FSOAuthErrorUnknown,
    FSOAuthErrorInvalidRequest,
    FSOAuthErrorInvalidClient,
    FSOAuthErrorInvalidGrant,
    FSOAuthErrorUnauthorizedClient,
    FSOAuthErrorUnsupportedGrantType
};

/**
 Block signature for auth token request completion.

 @param authToken Either the user's auth token or nil if there was an error.
 @param requestCompleted Will be YES if the server was actually contacted and the response successfully downloaded, else NO
 @param errorCode Will be one of the values in the enum above. Only valid if requestCompleted is YES
 */
typedef void (^FSTokenRequestCompletionBlock)(NSString * _Nullable authToken, BOOL requestCompleted, FSOAuthErrorCode errorCode);

@interface FSOAuth : NSObject

/**
 FSOauth should be accessed within your app through this shared instance.

 @return The shared instance of FSOauth.
 */
+ (FSOAuth *)shared;

/**
 Attempt to initiate OAuth request by bouncing user out to the native iOS Foursquare app.

 May return with an error code if passed in parameters are invalid.

 @param clientID             Your app's Foursquare clientID ( see http://foursquare.com/developers/apps )
 @param nativeURICallbackString    Your app's native scheme URL callback if you are supporting iOS 8 and below
 @param universalURICallbackString Your app's universal link URL callback if you are supporting iOS 9 and up and want
 to use universal links.
 @param allowShowingAppStore If YES and Foursquare is not installed or the installed version is outdated,
                             it will launch into the app store (or open an app store modal sheet if running on iOS 6 or later)
                             in addition to returning FSOAuthStatusErrorFoursquareNotInstalled or FSOAuthStatusErrorFoursquareOAuthNotSupported.
                             This parameter has no effect if running on iOS 9 or above.
 @param presentFromViewController    The view controller that should present any view controllers this authorization might create (such as a webview)
 @return Success or one of several failure codes. See enum definition above

 @note If your app runs on iOS 8 or lower, you must support native url schemes for your callback.

 @note Your URI callbacks must be registered as a Redirect URI with Foursquare, see http://foursquare.com/developers/apps
 */
- (FSOAuthStatusCode)authorizeUserUsingClientId:(NSString *)clientID
                        nativeURICallbackString:(nullable NSString *)nativeURICallbackString
                     universalURICallbackString:(nullable NSString *)universalURICallbackString
                           allowShowingAppStore:(BOOL)allowShowingAppStore
                      presentFromViewController:(UIViewController *)presentFromViewController;

/**
 Given the OAuth response URL, will return the access code for the authorized user, or nil if there was an error in authorization.

 For security reasons, it is recommended that you pass the returned accessCode to your own server and have it convert the code to
 an access token using your secret key instead of including your client secret in your app's binary

 You can optionally pass in a FSOAuthErrorCode pointer to have it set to the error (if any) on return (or pass NULL)

 @param url The NSURL object to parse
 @param errorCode An FSOAuthErrorCode pointer that will be set to the error code on return. Pass NULL if you are not interested in the error code.
                  See enum definition above for possible error code values.
 @return The access code for this user or nil if there was an error in authorization or parsing the URL.
 */
- (nullable NSString *)accessCodeForFSOAuthURL:(NSURL *)url error:(nullable FSOAuthErrorCode *)errorCode;

/**
 Given an access code, will request an auth token from the Foursquare servers.

 This will initiate an asynchronous request to the Foursquare servers, and call the passed in completion block when it finishes or fails.

 For security reasons, it is recommended that you pass the returned accessCode to your own server and have it convert the code to
 an access token using your secret key instead of including your client secret in your app's binary

 @param accessCode An accessCode from a successful authorization attempt. Returned by accessCodeForFSOAuthURL:error:
 @param clientID Your app's Foursquare client ID
 @param callbackURIString Your app's callback. Must be identical to the callback used to generate the accessCode, but will not actually be called.
 @param clientSecret Your app's client secret.
 @param completionBlock A block to execute when the transaction is compelted. See the FSTokenRequestCompletionBlock definition above.

 @warning For security reasons, it is recommended that you not use this method if possible.
 */
- (void)requestAccessTokenForCode:(NSString *)accessCode
                         clientId:(NSString *)clientID
                callbackURIString:(NSString *)callbackURIString
                     clientSecret:(NSString *)clientSecret
                  completionBlock:(FSTokenRequestCompletionBlock)completionBlock;

@end

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


I'm worried about my left hand technique.
If I play a note and then alternate between that note and the same note an octave higher, for instance G (3rd fret E-string) then G (5th fret D-string) then after a short while my hand really aches. It's when I have to stretch my hand to play these notes that my hand (mainly my palm) starts to hurt. If I play tenth fret on the E and twelth on the D then it's not so bad. But below the fifth fret it's gets worse.
I think that the problem must be that I don't have enough strength in my left hand, and so I need to build up stamina, or that I just have poor technique. Plus, I don't use my little finger (it's a weak little under-developed thing) so I use my first and third fingers.
Do I need to learn to use my little finger?
Do I have a poor technique maybe?
Do I need to build up stamina in my left hand?


text:
Q: ¿Dónde está console en la carpeta /app en un nuevo php proyecto creado con Symfony? Quería utilizar por primera vez el terminal para ejecutar un comando php con el framework Symfony. Sin embargo, he hecho un simple proyecto de creación con$ symfony new myproject

A: Es correcto como dice Murano, sin embargo, para desarrollar con la versión LTS puedes usar
symfony new Proyecto lts

Así te aseguras que tu código va a estar sobre la rama estable y de mantenimiento largo.
Para versiones menores 2.8, lo encuentras en app/console, para superiores a 2.8 en bin/console

A: Desde la versión 3.0 de Symfony, la utilidad de consola ha sido movida a bin/console, dentro del directorio del proyecto creado.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
Eastern South Carolina
Goals and Missions
District Projects & Events
World Polio Day
CART – Coins for Alzheimer's Research
Gift of Life
Vocational Exchange
Ambassadorial Scholarships
Interact Clubs in High Schools
SC Rotary License Plate
Rotary Gear
Rod Funderburk
National Principal of the Year – Akil Ross
1st Row Center Box, General News Comments Off on National Principal of the Year – Akil Ross
Chapin High School Principal Akil Ross was named 2018 National Principal of the Year by the National Association of Secondary School Principals (NASSP)'s. He is a member of the Rotary Club of Chapin Sunrise and has been the principal at the school for seven years. The association praised Ross for significant improvement in graduation rates and academic proficiency. That improvements happened after he helped raise money to provide extra instruction for struggling students to reduce dropouts, the group said. He pushes for social as well as academic development among students, encouraging volunteer efforts that improve the Lexington County community and areas around it. Ross is known for what he calls the six Rs: "Ready to learn, Respectful to others, Responsible to ourselves, Rigor in teaching, Relevance in learning and meaningful Relationships among students, faculty and staff." His message to students and staff is: "We are a thousand passions with one heartbeat." It's a motto that he says will foster an environment where students are challenged academically while pursuing interests. Congratulations to Rotarian Akil Ross on this achievement.
Posted by Rod Funderburk at 5:30 am
Alzheimer's Gala Funds to the CART Fund
1st Row Center Box, General News Comments Off on Alzheimer's Gala Funds to the CART Fund
Do you worry about Alzheimer's? We do not have a cure for Alzheimer's disease, but we must find one. Finding a cure starts with you. Every year the CART (Coins for Alzheimer's Research Trust) Fund gives research grants focused on finding a cure for Alzheimer's disease. Rotary District 7770 sponsored an Alzheimer's Gala at the Gaillard Center in Charleston in July to have fun and to raise money for Alzheimer's research. Thanks to many people dedicated to finding a cure for Alzheimer's, the event raised $12,320. A check representing the funds raised through the gala was presented to Roger Ackerman for the CART Fund on Tuesday, September 25.
Alzheimer's Gala
2nd Row Left Box, Charities, District Event Focus, District Interest #RotaryDistrict7770, Events Comments Off on Alzheimer's Gala
Do you worry about Alzheimer's? We do not have a cure for Alzheimer's disease, but we must find one. Finding a cure starts with you. Give generously to the CART Fund through your Rotary Club. We had a successful Alzheimer's Gala on Saturday, July 22, 2017 at the Gaillard Center in Charleston, SC to raise money for Alzheimer's research. Those in attendance had a terrific time enjoying a great meal, very good featured speaker music from the WhitsEnd Band and an entertaining auction.
Rotary District 7770 is the home district of CART, having been started at the Rotary Club of Sumter by Roger Ackerman in 1995. Every year the CART (Coins for Alzheimer's Research Trust) Fund gives research grants focused on finding a cure for Alzheimer's disease, and the money raised through the gala will go toward that effort.
Baseball, Hotdogs and Rotary
2nd Row Center Box, District Event Focus, District Interest #RotaryDistrict7770, Events, General News Comments Off on Baseball, Hotdogs and Rotary
You are invited to a night out at the ballpark. Friday, May 19, 2017 has been designated as Rotary Night with the Columbia Fireflies. It will be an opportunity for Rotary club members to have a great social time. Tickets are $9.00 each and food vouchers are $5.00. We will all sit together along the first base line and have a great time. Bring your family and friends and join us for a wonderful time together at the ballpark.
Posted by Rod Funderburk at 8:00 pm
Rotary District 7770 Accomplishments 2015-16
1st Row Left Box, District Interest #RotaryDistrict7770, General News, Global Impact, Newsletter Content Comments Off on Rotary District 7770 Accomplishments 2015-16
At the recent Rotary Zone Institute, District 7770 was recognized for its contributions to the Rotary Foundation during the 2015-2016 Rotary year. I would like to thank Foundation Chair, Lou Mello, and all of his team for their leadership. To each of the members of the district, I want to convey my appreciation for your support of our charity, the Rotary Foundation. Gifts to the Rotary Foundation sustain vital programs which build good will and reduce disease, improve economic development, provide teachers with books and school supplies, improve the health of expectant mothers, extend cultural understanding and eradicate polio worldwide. We are indebted to those in our district who help us carry out the successful global and local projects that continue the great work of Rotary. Rotary District 7770 was #26 in the world and #1 in Rotary Zone 33 for total giving, and #15 in the world and #1 in Rotary Zone 33 for annual fund giving during the last Rotary year. The various other achievements for the year are displayed on the attached page.
Those pictured are Rotary International President Elect Ian Riseley, Past Director Robert Hall, Rotary International Foundation Trustee Barry Rassin, Past District Governor Rod Funderburk, Director Joe Mulkerrin, and Regional Rotary Foundation Coordinator Kay Davis.
district-7770-foundation-accomplishments-2015-16
PDG Joe Sublette
1st Row Left Box, District Interest #RotaryDistrict7770, Events, Family of Rotary Comments Off on PDG Joe Sublette
Joseph Sublette, Rotary Club of Sumter Palmetto (SC), served as District Governor in 1988-1989. Joe passed away October 9, 2016. He was a mentor and friend to many, and will be greatly missed. The following is his obituary.
Joseph Shepard Sublette SUMTER – Joseph Shepard Sublette, 86, husband of Janet Brunson Sublette, died Sunday, October 9, 2016, in Palmetto Health Richland in Columbia. Born in Westminster, SC, he was a son of the late Alva Tindal Sublette and Jessie Tannery Sublette. Mr. Sublette was a member of First Presbyterian Church where he served as a Deacon and Elder and was a member of the Bethany Sunday School class. He was a former member of Swan Lake Presbyterian Church (Pitts) and Mt. Pleasant Presbyterian Church. He attended Furman University until being drafted into the U.S. Army to serve in Korea. After a banking career he returned to Sumter and became owner and operator of Electrical Wholesalers. He was founder of the Rental Center, Parties-R-Us and the Lighthouse. He was Charter President of the Sumter Palmetto Rotary Club which was organized in 1976. He was a Past District Governor of District 7770, Treasurer and was twice named Rotarian of the Year of the club and of the district. He received the "Service Above Self" Award, numerous Rotary Foundation awards, and district service awards. He received the Meritorious Service Award from Rotary Foundation International. He was a Paul Harris Fellow and a major donor fourth-level. He led a Rotary group study exchange to the Caribbean. He was co-chairman and founder of the first Crime Stoppers in South Carolina and former chairman of the Salvation Army's Boys and Girls Club where he was named Man of the Year. He served as chairman of the USC Mid-Carolina Commission for Higher Education. He was a founding member of United Ministries of Sumter. He was a charter member of the board of Covenant Place and was honored with "Board Member Emeritus" for life. An avid deep sea fisherman, he won the 28th Annual Georgetown Blue Marlin Tournament: 1st Place Angler. Surviving are his wife; one son, Joseph Shepard "Shep" Sublette, Jr. (Linda); one daughter, Denise Sublette Dunn (J.D.) all of Sumter; two granddaughters, Brittany Grooms Rogers (Jimmy) and Kristen Sublette Timmons (Ben); two great-grandchildren, Henry and Charles Rogers; and a son-in-law, Gary Garner. He was preceded in death by a daughter, Renee' Sublette Garner. A Celebration of Life Service will be held at 1 P.M. Friday at First Presbyterian Church with Rev. Nick Cheek and Rev. Josie Holler officiating. Private burial will be in the Sumter Cemetery. Honorary pallbearers will be members of the Palmetto Rotary Club. The family will receive friends from 4:30 p.m. to 6:30 p.m. Thursday at 2770 Windmill Drive. In lieu of flowers memorials may be made in memory of Joseph S. Sublette to Rotary Foundation, One Rotary Center, 1560 Sherman Avenue, Evanston, IL 60201-3698, to First Presbyterian Church, 9 W. Calhoun Street, Sumter, SC 29150 or to a charity of one's choice. On-line condolences may be sent to www.sumterfunerals.com. Elmore Hill McCreight Funeral Home & Crematory, 221 Broad Street, Sumter, is in charge of the arrangements (803) 775-9386.
PDG John L. Ramsey
1st Row Right Box, District Interest #RotaryDistrict7770, Events, Family of Rotary, General News Comments Off on PDG John L. Ramsey
John L. Ramsey, Rotary Club of Summerville (SC), served as District Governor in 2005-2006. John recently passed away and will be greatly missed. The following is his obituary.
John Lefferts Ramsey CHARLESTON – The earthly travels and adventures of John Lefferts Ramsey are complete, but he surely wanders in another realm; one which the prophet says cannot be corrupted by man! For the trumpet sounds, John has been summoned and is truly now at peace. John is survived by his wife of 48 years, Johanne Dunbar-Forbes Ramsey, daughter Ashley Lupo (David), three grandchildren, Ethan, Chase, and Reese, of Marco Island, and many cousins. He is predeceased by his parents, Sarah Lefferts Ramsey of Leesburg, Virginia, Reginald P. Ramsey of Cleveland, TN, his brother, Edmond R. Ramsey, of Miami, Florida and his son, Andrew Lefferts Ramsey of Charleston. John was born in Miami, Florida, a descendant of Dutch, English, and Scot pioneer families from the 17th and 18th centuries of New Amsterdam and the James River. His love of nature and travel was born in his childhood adventures in the Florida Keys, the Everglades, and in summer trips around the United States with his family. John was a graduate of Coral Gables High School ('63). He attended The Citadel in Charleston, SC, before receiving an appointment to West Point. A boxing injury led him to the University of Miami ('67), where he met his wife Johanne. His education continued at the University of Neufchatel, Switzerland and Georgetown University (M.A. '68). Beginning in 1969, John began working for the newly formed Postal Service where he served in management positions at the national, regional, district, and sectional center levels, retiring after 32 years while serving as Postmaster of Summerville, SC in 2001. John's most important impact was in his love for his family and in his love of learning, both of which he nourished through his vast travels, wildlife adventures, and service opportunities on five continents with his wife, children and grandchildren; John was a voracious learner, speaking several languages. John, a true believer in Service Above Self, was extremely active in Rotary International, serving as President of the Rotary Club of Summerville and Rotary International District Governor for District 7770. He and his wife gave greatly of their time, including giving polio vaccinations in rural India and support for orphanages in South Africa. In celebration of his heritage, John was a member of the MG Wm Moultrie Chapter of the Sons of the American Revolution in Charleston where he served in a number of leadership positions, including President for several years and was selected to serve the State of South Carolina as State President of the Sons of the American Revolution. Services will be held at 10 A.M. Monday, October 10 at St. Timothy's Anglican Catholic Church at 1900 Old Parsonage Road, Charleston. The family will receive those who wish to join them in celebrating John's life at the Ramsey Family home at 32 Brisbane Drive, Charleston, SC, immediately following the service between 12:00 and 3 Monday afternoon. Interment will be held at the Adams Family Cemetery in Newton County, Georgia, at a later date. Visit our guestbook at www.legacy.com/obituaries/ Charleston.
Posted by Rod Funderburk at 12:00 pm
Service through Meals on Wheels
1st Row Left Box, District Event Focus, District Interest #RotaryDistrict7770, Events, Family of Rotary, Serving Community Comments Off on Service through Meals on Wheels
Even the most independent among us, if fortunate to live long enough, may experience a decline in mobility or health that can strip away our independence and diminish the quality of our lives. Living longer means more years spent in the struggles that accompany old age. Some senior citizens may become hungry and alone. For millions of Americans, Meals on Wheels is literally the difference between remaining in their own homes and needing to relocate to a nursing facility. The nutritious meal, friendly visit and safety check help them cope with three of the biggest threats of aging: hunger, isolation and loss of independence. Research proves that when seniors have the right support, they gain greater quality of life, need fewer hospital stays and live longer.
At the Irmo Chapin Recreation Commission's two community parks, Crocked Creek and Seven Oaks, Meals on Wheels are delivered 5 days a week to seniors in the community. The Commission operates seven meal routes that serve 40-60 seniors per day. One of those routes is covered twice per week by volunteers from the Rotary Club of Lake Murray-Irmo. The picture shows John Slavich, one of the many volunteers from the club, preparing to hit the road with meals for some of the seniors in the Irmo area. This act of service provides the senior with a warm, nutritionally balanced meal, a wellness check, and a friendly visit. This act of service also reminds our Rotarians that service above self is a vital part of Rotary membership.
RLI Graduates
1st Row Right Box, District Event Focus, District Interest #RotaryDistrict7770, Events, General News Comments Off on RLI Graduates
Rotary Leadership Institute (RLI) is a series of fast-paced, interactive, one-day courses offered to refine a Rotarian's leadership skills and increase their base of knowledge in Rotary. Courses are fun, topical, interactive, and geared toward busy business and professional persons who want to be more effective leaders in their vocation and club. Participants will not learn everything about all of Rotary's programs, but they will gain a greater appreciation for the avenues of service and programs of Rotary International.
We had a very successful Rotary Leadership Institute (RLI) in Myrtle Beach on Saturday, September 17, 2016 at the Horry Georgetown Grand Strand Campus. We had three graduates: Keith Finley (Cayce-West Columbia), Karen Cully (Hilton Head Island) and Daniel Simmons (Sanford). Join us at future events for a good time of learning and making new friends. Registration for future events can be done online at www.rli33.org.
Lexington Adds New Member
1st Row Left Box, District Interest #RotaryDistrict7770, Family of Rotary, General News, Membership Comments Off on Lexington Adds New Member
The Rotary Club of Lexington always enjoys inducting new members. But the meeting on July 14 was especially exciting as current and founding member Jim Barfield, in his almost 50th year as a Rotarian, inducted his daughter Margaret. Jim, right, and Margaret are pictured with longtime member and past president Warren Herndon.
Go To DacDB
Newsletter Steps
Speaker Ideas
Rotary Ready – Covid-19 Vaccine Response – A call to "People of Action" 6:00 pm -No Registration Required
Rotary Club of Forest Acres News!!
Myrtle Beach Rotarians Hear from Atiya Kai Stokes-Brown
Surfside Area Rotary Club is hosting a blood drive on Friday, January 22nd!
Charleston Mayor and Rotarian John Tecklenburg Delivers State of the City Address
© Copyright 2013-2021 by Rotary District 7770 Rotary International District 7770, Eastern South Carolina

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
Six type 2 polio cases prompt govt to carry out risk assessment
Ashfaq YusufzaiUpdated January 15, 2020
The newly-infected children belong to Khyber, Peshawar, Lakki Marwat, Bajaur, Torghar and Mohmand districts. — AP/File
PESHAWAR: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa has recorded six vaccine derived poliovirus type 2 (VDPV2) cases, prompting the authorities to carry out a risk assessment and get stock of vaccine from the World Health Organisation to scale up immunity of children.
The virus, thought to have been eradicated in 1999 from the world, re-emerged in Pakistan owing to poor routine immunisation, malnourishment and unhygienic environment. Therefore, the World Health Organisation withdrew the vaccine in 2016 from polio eradication programme.
The VDPV2 cases reached to 18 as 12 cases were reported in October. These include 12 from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, which is grappling with the outbreak of P1 virus that has so far infected 91 children in the province.
"Risk assessment is underway based on which the response proposal will be taken up with Global Advisory Group for release of vaccine from WHO stockpiles," Dr Rana Safdar, coordinator of National Emergency Operations Centre, told Dawn.
He said that all the cases were counted in 2019. He added that the children having the vaccine derived VDPV2 virus last year belonged to the areas with weak routine immunisation coverage.
Re-emergence of virus attributed to poor immunisation, malnourishment and unhygienic conditions
"All previous cases have been responded. As per guidelines, first response is conducted in two weeks followed by two follow up rounds," said Dr Rana.
The newly-infected children belong to Khyber, Peshawar, Lakki Marwat, Bajaur, Torghar and Mohmand districts. In October, polio cases were reported from Kohistan, Torghar, Charsadda and Islamabad. Only two of the confirmed cases have one dose of IPV from routine immunisation programme.
Meanwhile, the virus has been found in the sewerage water samples collected from Peshawar, Kohat, Gujranwala, Dera Ismail Khan and Islamabad.
"To mitigate the associated risks after the cases in October, we have undertaken extensive investigations to understand the characteristics of the virus. We have taken steps to protect children in areas where it has been detected," a senior official told this scribe.
The polio cases, derived from vaccines, generally emerge after circulating in under-immunised communities for at least 12 months, according to WHO. But the type 2 virus was removed from oral vaccines in 2016, so it is not clear how the new vaccine derived cases occurred.
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, which is in the limelight due to highest P1 cases in the world, is looking towards the federal government and world health agency prior to initiating preventive measures.
"Not only P2 but Pakistan is also affected by wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1), which is comparatively more virulent strain and is more geographically widespread and therefore represents the greatest risk to the children of Pakistan," a WHO official said.
Therefore, priority was to continue intensifying efforts to eradicate wild poliovirus type 1 as urgently as possible, while also protecting children against other poliovirus strains, he said.
"Pakistan has struggled to contain polio this year, recording 135 cases of polio type 1 in 2019. The continuous and violent outbreak highlights the importance of strong surveillance systems and need to reach children everywhere with polio vaccines," he said.
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is planning to conduct P2 vaccination campaign in 14 districts within a month because there has been mounting concern that number of both P1 and 2 viruses has been spreading to other districts.
The new P2 cases are seen as fresh blow to polio eradication efforts amid the faltering immunisation programme. Pakistan's polio cases have increased 11-time in 2019 compared to 2018.
Published in Dawn, January 15th, 2020
WHO extends travel restrictions amid polio resurgence in Pakistan
US travel alert for polio-endemic Asian countries
Another polio case from KP takes last year's tally to 136
Polio Virus
Kumail Nanjiani and Issa Rae's next is a rom-com with a murderous twist


David Blaine: What Is Magic?
Take your family on a real African Safari! Hunter Ellis (TV's "Survivor") is your guide across the Savannahs of Africa on a spectacular and educational journey -- with up-close footage of an amazing array of animals.


text:
Q: How to get Yahoo Gemini Publisher API reports? When I log into Yahoo Gemini Publisher dashboard (located https://gemini.yahoo.com/publisher), I can see reports for the Publisher IDs I have configured.  I am now trying to get this same data from the Gemini REST APIs, but am running into some confusion and errors.
According to https://developer.yahoo.com/gemini-publishers/docs/gemini-publisher-reporting.html I need to get an OAuth2 access token (which I can do successfully through https://api.login.yahoo.com/oauth2/request_auth?client_id=GEMINI_CONSUMER_KEY&redirect_uri=MY_URL&response_type=token&language=en-us browser redirect) and make a call to https://api.admanager.yahoo.com/v1/rest/reports/publisher/ to get the reports.  However when I do, I get a cryptic response:
curl --request POST \
  --url http://api.admanager.yahoo.com/v1/rest/reports/publisher/ \
  --header 'accept: application/json' \
  --header 'authorization: Bearer [omitted]' \
  --header 'content-type: application/json' \
  --data '{ ... cube JSON stuff ... }'

{"error":{"lang":"en-US","description":"Please provide valid credentials. OAuth oauth_problem=\"additional_authorization_required\", realm=\"yahooapis.com\""}}

The OAuth token was granted with access to the Gemini API.  I have tried getting the OAuth token through both the Explicit and Implicit methods, with the same result.  Thinking that it may be a access issue, I increased the permission granted to the other APIs as well (Profile, Contacts, etc) with no change.
I noticed there are a separated set of Gemini APIs listed on https://developer.yahoo.com/gemini/.  These APIs are located at https://api.gemini.yahoo.com/v2/rest/reports/custom/ and when I POST to them it accepts my OAuth token, however the "cubes" for these APIs require an "Advertiser ID" which I am not sure where to get or if I am am using the right API.
{
"errors": [
    {
        "errIndex": -1,
        "code": "E40000_INVALID_INPUT",
        "message": "Entity (publisher or advertiser id) not available",
        "description": ""
    }
],
"response": { ... }
}

The message would seem to indicate I could pass in a Publisher ID, however when I include that in the "filter" it does not work.
When I try to call https://api.gemini.yahoo.com/v2/rest/advertiser/ I receive no advertisers back.
Which API should I be using?  If it is https://api.admanager.yahoo.com/v1/rest/reports/publisher/ then am I omitting some required request data or am I getting the token wrong?  If I am supposed to use https://api.gemini.yahoo.com/v2/rest/reports/custom/ then how do I get the publisher data (or my "Advertiser ID")?

A: Apparently Yahoo has deprecated the Gemini publishing APIs and moved this functionality to Flurry (whose APIs require different authentication).  https://developer.yahoo.com/flurry/docs/api/code/publishing/


In the sixties, the population of Clarksville, a small town in East Texas, was 70 percent white and 30 percent black. The area's economy, long dependent on agriculture, was expanding to include manufacturing, but more than half of Red River County—of which Clarksville is the county seat—lived below the poverty line. In 1965, the Clarksville Housing Authority put up a series of housing projects: two buildings for black tenants and a third for white people. It was a deliberate sorting.
Not long after residents had settled in, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed into effect the Fair Housing Act of 1968, which held that the Department of Housing and Urban Development could no longer tolerate racial discrimination in the sale and rental of federally subsidized homes. Over the next decade, the law was tacked onto a growing list of milestones; we were post Brown v. Board of Education, post Civil Rights Act, post Voting Rights Act, post Fair Housing Act and, ostensibly, post-integration. Not in Clarksville, however. Not even close.
Clarksville was divided by Main Street; black residents lived in a small area on the north side, which their white neighbors referred to using a racial slur. A monument in the town square was dedicated "In Memory of Our Confederate Soldiers." The town's public housing had become, like other projects across the country, essentially a legally tolerated apartheid system: the white projects, on paved, well-maintained streets, had ranch-style buildings and manicured lawns; the black housing, on unpaved streets, had cracked floors, unvented wall heaters, and decrepit kitchens.
On March 14, 1980, Lucille Young and Virginia Wyatt, two black women, sued the local housing authority and HUD. Young, a mother of six, and Wyatt, a mother of five, had applied for public housing in 1975 and 1978, respectively. Represented by East Texas Legal Services, Young and Wyatt, who had sought residence at the white buildings and were left to languish on a waiting list, asked that the court issue injunctions to grant them entry. East Texas Legal Services arranged for the suit to be a class action, seeking relief for some 40,000 black households in South Texas. US District Court Judge William Wayne Justice approved the request.
Three years later, Clarksville had failed to end segregation in public housing. To solve the problem, the court forced a controversial exchange: 25 tenants in Cheatham-Dryden, one of the all-black buildings, would switch places with 25 in College Heights, which was all-white. This caught the attention of national news media, which in December 1983 produced several dispatches: A Newsday story ran under the headline "Forced Home-Swapping Outrages Races." The New York Times published a piece, "Desegregation stirs dismay." A United Press International reporter quoted the town's mayor, a white man, saying that Clarksville did not have "racial problems"; the article included no voices of black residents.
Consistent throughout the existence of the black press has been denial—just as white society ignored black society, so too did white journalists ignore their black counterparts.
By this time, newsrooms were no longer formally segregated and the nation was decades deep in legislation intended to improve racial politics. But even as legislative advances had begun to usher in, for black and other people of color, a new type of agency backed by the law, advances within news outlets were less than impressive. The beginnings of newsroom integration had little reckoning with the absence of black journalists; instead, there was tokenization, while displays of unconscious racial bias remained evident.
This problem was demonstrated clearly in the assertion, made by many reports, that Clarksville's housing complexes were identical aside from the race of their inhabitants. Given historical precedent, it was almost sure to be untrue. Flournoy, who grew up in Shreveport, Louisiana, would go on to publish, with his colleague George Rodrigue, a Pulitzer Prize–winning eight-part investigation into government-sanctioned segregation in public housing in Clarksville and other towns in America. But until then, Flournoy found no stories that sufficiently characterized what was obviously unequal housing.
There was one, however, that he missed—a short news article with a niche audience. "Blacks who had to move were apprehensive about relocating," the story explains. "They don't know how the White community will react, particularly the older Blacks where the past is pretty much the present in their minds," a lawyer is quoted as saying. A black tenant adds, "It's no problem for me living around Whites. I didn't know that things were that backwards." The article, which ran without a byline, was in the January 9, 1984 issue of Jet magazine, a renowned black news and culture weekly.
From its inception, the black press has been fighting. Fifty years after the American Revolution, while the country built its wealth and global prominence on the basis of violent chattel slavery, free black people living in northern coastal cities, particularly New York and Philadelphia, came to sense that their ongoing struggle for human rights and dignity would need a platform. Black churches and social societies aimed at self-improvement were not enough to improve the conditions of a people. Newspapers of the time worked against them, by pushing negative stereotypes of both enslaved and free black Americans—as violent, uncivil, and unfit for basic rights afforded to other citizens. Journalists like Mordecai Manuel Noah, the editor of The New York Enquirer, a four-page tabloid, advocated for the transport of free black people out of the US to Liberia; in editorials, he cheered in anticipation of their untimely deaths on the journey.
Early ventures into black-focused journalism began with a collective of prominent preachers, orators, and abolitionists. In A History of the Black Press (1997), Armistead Pride and Clint Wilson II write that, within that group, a newspaper—owned, written, and edited by black people—emerged as a valuable tool "to give free persons of color a voice they otherwise lacked." Like the newspapers and pamphlets that helped birth a movement for American independence, the black press would serve to unite people in a fight for their lives.
The Pittsburgh Courier built a reputation as one of the most widely read and circulated black newspapers in history by openly crusading for civil rights. Among the battles the newspaper fought—and won—was a 13-year campaign to integrate professional baseball. Photo: Russell Lee, via Library of Congress.
Freedom's Journal, explicit in its call for black liberation, set the tone for thousands of newspapers that would follow. The state of New York was home to 18 newspapers and magazines that emerged within the first post-emancipation years; more sprang up across the country. Titles included Rights of All, the Struggler, National Reformer, the Colored American, and the People's Press. The Anglo-African Magazine, founded in 1859 by Thomas Hamilton, ran headlines such as "Effects of Emancipation in Jamaica" and "American Caste and Common Schools." Hamilton also published a newspaper, the Weekly Anglo-African, that issued an exacting motto: "Man must be free; if not through the law, then above it." As the black press developed its voice—publishing with conviction against white racism, violence, and hypocrisy—it also covered the tick-tock of African-American life: weddings, births, and deaths that white media otherwise ignored.
The fight for equality in the black press was also incorporated into professional practice. Whereas, through Reconstruction, women could scarcely be seen in most white newsrooms, at black newspapers and magazines, women were on staff: Sarah Thompson, writing for The New National Era before 1900, described the challenges of traveling through the South. Nellie Mossell wrote for black weeklies and edited the women's department of the New York Freeman. Her book, The Work of the Afro-American Woman, dedicated a chapter to female journalists. Victoria Earle Mathews belonged to the Women's National Press Association and Lucy Wilmot Smith, who wrote profiles of female reporters for the Journalist (known today as Editor & Publisher magazine) belonged to the National Colored Press Association. Ida B. Wells, born into slavery in Holly Spring, Mississippi, began writing a column for a black weekly under a pen name while working as a teacher and later became editor and co-owner of a black daily. After three of her friends were lynched, in Memphis, she went on to produce the most comprehensive body of investigative reporting on the terror of white lynch mobs in America. Wells also brought attention to the sexual abuse of black women at the hands of white men.
Consistent throughout the existence of the black press has been denial—just as white society ignored black society, so too did white journalists ignore their black counterparts. A textbook on American journalism published in 1941 made mention of black reportage just once, in a passing reference to Frederick Douglass. Whether white society set aside black journalism because of a lack of awareness or a belief in its inferiority, or both, Gene Roberts and Hank Klibanoff write in The Race Beat (2006), going unnoticed afforded the black press a public forum for radical speech that would have otherwise been impossible. Black newspapers, which espoused a range of political views—some conservative, some militant—enjoyed immense influence within their readership.
The Defender went on to aggressively encourage black families to move, publishing positive stories about opportunities in the North juxtaposed with reports of racial violence in the South. The paper ran dispatches from black communities in many states. Thousands of readers wrote in with grateful letters. Circulation boomed, allowing Abbott to expand his staff.
Although it was based in Illinois, the Chicago Defender's circulation extended well into the Deep South, as shown in the map above, which highlights data from 1919. Copies were brought largely by portermen, along railroad routes. The paper's endorsement of an exodus from the South is widely credited with ushering thousands of people north and, eventually, west, in a period now known as the Great Migration. Image: Newberry Library.
As black people fled the South, white journalists and state officials lamented the loss, and in some cases violently sought to prevent it. Vendors of the Defender were harassed; the police chief in Meridian, Mississippi, ordered that the newspaper be confiscated. President Woodrow Wilson, noting the national demographic shift, assigned Emmett J. Scott, the highest-ranking black man in the federal government, to produce a report on the causes and consequences of the movement. The Defender's campaign contributed significantly to what we now refer to as the Great Migration. By 1970, six million black people had headed north and west.
As white media and political leaders have checked in and out of its orbit, the ability of the black press to hide in plain sight has wobbled. Sometimes, black newspapers sought notice. During World War II, the Pittsburgh Courier led a "Double VV" campaign—a twist on Franklin Delano Roosevelt's campaign slogan, "V for victory," aiming to draw attention to the hypocrisy of a country willing to fight Nazis abroad but unable to offer equal rights to its own black citizens. The Courier ran editorials demanding an immediate end to segregation, publishing photos of black and white supporters of the cause. Black families across the country posted Double V posters in their windows. In response, J. Edgar Hoover, as director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, dispatched agents to interrogate black editors about their work; he tried (in vain) to charge editors with sedition. The Office of Facts and Figures, the Office of War Information, and the Office of Censorship opened their own investigations. Black newspapers reported unexplained cuts to their supplies of newsprint. The post office began monitoring the distribution of the black press, fearing that the nation's enemies would use it as propaganda.
Nevertheless, black newspapers and magazines thrived as the fight for equal rights drove readership in the black community. They attracted more attention from white readers, too; in the sixties, as television brought the brutal reality of Jim Crow into every living room, minds opened. But publications of the black press—still a "fighting press"—did not rise, in the consciousness of white Americans, as the papers of record on race relations; black reporters remained, to most people, something else. Pursuit of a "common good," when it is black, never stopped provoking skepticism.
In the modern age, questions of credibility have followed reporters alongside their coverage of racial justice. On August 9, 2014, in Ferguson, Missouri, an 18-year-old boy named Michael Brown, who was black, was shot by a 28-year-old police officer named Darren Wilson, who is white. Brown died around noon. His body was left in the street for hours; by that evening, his neighbors and friends had assembled a makeshift memorial with flowers and candles laid out on the pavement where his blood had splattered. Protests erupted nearly immediately. By Sunday, Ferguson was on fire, and every major news outlet was on the story.
Wesley Lowery, a black reporter on The Washington Post's national desk, was dispatched to cover the unrest. At one point, he ducked into a McDonald's nearby the site of Brown's death that had become a makeshift press pit. As Lowery sat, checking Twitter while he charged his phone, police entered, some heavily armed. Lowery and Ryan Reilly, a white HuffPost reporter, were asked for identification. Reilly asked the cops why they needed to see ID. The police left briefly, then returned to inform the pair that they needed to leave. Lowery began to record the exchange and, after receiving conflicting information about where to exit, asked for a minute to gather his things. At that moment, several officers moved to arrest him.
Black journalists like Lowery, once left out of the mainstream press altogether, often still contend with doubts about their grasp on objectivity—the existence of which has no real consensus in the profession. The gradual integration of newsrooms, which began in the late sixties, gave familiar challenges of black journalism a facelift. And even where black journalists—and other people of color—are seen on mastheads, few occupy senior newsroom positions.
At the same time, as economic models in media have changed, or collapsed, many premier black press institutions have lost influence and circulation; some have shuttered. A few historical black newspapers—like the New York Amsterdam News, the Chicago Defender, and the St. Louis American—still publish, if to a diminished readership. Jet and Ebony magazines were purchased by a private equity firm in 2016; the former published its last print issue in 2014, and the latter was sued in 2017 for failing to pay freelancers.
Early this year, for the first time in almost two decades, Essence magazine became fully owned by black people. New black publications have risen on the web: The Root, a division of Univision; The Grio, owned by Byron Allen's Entertainment Studios; HuffPost's Black Voices vertical; Blavity, focused on millenials; NPR's Code Switch, which takes a multiracial approach; and ESPN's The Undefeated, which reports on the intersection of race and sports.
Danielle Belton, the editor of The Root, finds that the work of telling stories that cover the most vulnerable communities remains a job for the black press. Reports that appear on The Root and its competitors generate attention to problems—like white people calling the police on black people for frivolous reasons—that later become dominant narratives in the mainstream. The distinct moral view of black publications gets transferred, gradually, into universally accepted moral clarity. What that pattern reveals, Belton points out, is that "objectivity" is a false premise—too much gets missed in its name.
As Lowery speaks about his position, he flips back and forth between identifying as a member of the "free press" and the "black press," at once identifying the latter as having a distinct history and purpose while demanding its legitimization within American journalism. The "free press" has, since its beginnings, always come with an asterisk—one that has signified outright exclusion, deployment of negative stereotypes (whether conscious or unconscious), disregard for stories affecting black people, and a failure to consult marginalized groups as experts and sources. For black people in journalism, in some sense, doing the work means rattling against accepted norms.


text:
Issue Map
Solving Problems With Purpose
Leadership Style Will Secure Talent for the Insurance Industry
Business Schools Are No Longer the L&D Solution
Cool Tool: AudioTilly
5 Career Success Strategies
Confident and Self-Assured
Employers Pledge to Look Beyond College Degrees
Humans and Machines Ought to Learn Together
Keep Leading!
Make Prioritizing Learning a 2021 Goal
Make the Workplace a Safe Haven
Weighing In – February 2021
Modern Technology and Measurement Are Key in the Era of Less
Is It Assessment or Evaluation?
Curb the Pandemic-Driven Exodus of Working Women
The Blurred Lines Between Build, Buy, Borrow
The True Test of Virtual Teams
Elements of Change
Learners Are Made, Not Born
Intensify Simulation Training With AR
Rededicate Yourself to Your Career
Multiply Your Leadership
Book Capsules, February 2021
February 2021 TD Authors: What's on Your Bookshelf?
Systematically Develop Workplace Trust
3 Pointers for Leading Virtual Training
By Patricia Carl
Companies are fine-tuning the traditional talent strategy in the new skill economy.
The pandemic has pushed many companies to take quick, decisive action with regard to their business's health. Some shifted their operations to support the fight against COVID-19 and preserve revenue by introducing new product lines, such as in the cases of carmaker Ford retooling manufacturing lines to produce ventilators, Brentwood Plastics Company creating impermeable material for isolation gowns for essential workers, and apparel giant Hanes repurposing its workforce to sew face masks. Other companies focused on cost containment, reducing their geographic footprint, closing locations, and decreasing or shutting down unprofitable business lines.
Regardless of the business strategy, nearly all organizations have reconfigured their workforces, whether that means furloughs, layoffs, or hiring freezes. And many employers hastily created temporary remote work programs; some of those initiatives have since become permanent.
All those happenings combine to change the makeup of the workforce. While it presents challenges, it also creates opportunities for employers to have greater flexibility regarding talent.
As the pandemic's effects continue and the economic landscape remains unclear, businesses are beginning to refocus their efforts on recovery and growth, McKinsey reports, but with shortened time horizons. With the need to hastily implement strategic and operational changes, companies are prioritizing their ability to remain agile and respond quickly to shifting circumstances. As they reactivate strategic initiatives, employers are grappling with managing talent supply and demand.
Companies must now think creatively about how to resource work while navigating uncertainty. They are balancing the risk of adding fixed costs like head count while ensuring they have the right skills in place to staff key projects and initiatives. The current landscape challenges the standard build-buy-borrow strategies for talent managers:
Building talent internally requires substantial time investment to create and maintain a viable pipeline.
Buying talent externally often necessitates a commitment to full-time head count.
Large-scale borrowing can pose challenges from cultural and efficacy standpoints.
To adjust, forward-thinking companies are migrating from those standard practices to create more fluid skill economies, where there is greater focus on identifying, cultivating, and deploying discrete skills to perform needed work. I've talked with HR and talent development leaders from companies across industries—including healthcare, insurance, technology, marketing, and staffing—who are putting these ideas into practice. Here are several ways to incorporate them into your talent management programs.
Develop an internal skills marketplace
Remote work comes with new ways to leverage and build skills across the organization. It can create more porous teams, departments, and functions. By having a more fungible network of skills, companies can better manage available resources.
A select group of companies have begun to make strides toward that by documenting each employee's skills and subject matter expertise (professional services, for example, where staff are assigned to projects based on expertise), but few have created an efficient system of supply and demand when it comes to skills.
To understand and develop its skills marketplace, Zebra Technologies Corporation is using an L&D lens. Maggie Laffey, senior director of global talent development and management, notes that "We are working to assess our skill inventory and encourage development. We are seeing a significant uptick in people accessing learning opportunities. We are thinking about skill as a currency to enable people to take on stretch projects and encourage people to become more agile."
In addition to the ability to "borrow" skills internally, the company's approach provides another advantage: It enables the organization to selectively build talent around gaps it sees in the marketplace and center upskilling, reskilling, and development opportunities around its perceived near-term needs. Businesses are making substantial investments in this area. For example, Amazon announced it would invest $700 million to reskill some 100,000 workers within its ranks, and PwC committed $3 billion to skill building and training for its team members.
To create an effective internal skills marketplace, talent development leaders must leverage technology, take a surgical approach to skilling, and redesign L&D delivery.
Leverage technology. Successfully implementing a skills marketplace requires organizations to have a central repository to house employee profiles, inclusive of skills. Your company's current HR information system may have that capability; in fact, many do but are underutilized. The repository should be easy for employees to use to regularly update their skills and have robust reporting capabilities for leaders to "shop" for the skills they need for a given project.
Take a surgical approach to reskilling. Using the repository, identify your company's skills and build programs around those gaps. That may mean sunsetting current programs to repurpose resources to address critical gaps. Depending on your organization's training structure, talent development leaders may need to partner closely with functional or technical training departments to understand and address the full scope of the needed skills.
Redesign L&D delivery. The talent development function has traditionally used the 70-20-10 development model that calls for learning to be 70 percent experiential, 20 percent mentoring and feedback, and 10 percent formal classroom training or coursework. While that is a helpful guide, weigh the availability and feasibility of each of those learning formats in the current context and the ways to reshape them to be more effective for the remote workforce.
Many of the companies I've worked with have moved the bulk of their training courses online; some had already begun that movement prior to the pandemic but accelerated the work once it became clear remote work was here to stay. If they previously relied heavily on face-to-face activities, talent development professionals may also need to structure mentoring and experiential or action learning programs differently.
Reimagine jobs
Jobs are collections of skills, knowledge, and behaviors. As reported in the Harvard Business Review article "How the Coronavirus Crisis Is Redefining Jobs," breaking roles into components enables companies to identify the specific skill sets within each role. As business problems or initiatives arise, employers can determine the skills needed to solve them in real time by more precisely applying the right skills.
The landscape is changing so quickly that well-defined organizational structures and roles rapidly become obsolete. Because there is no certainty that the skills needed today will be the same in, say, six months, companies must build in greater fluidity.
After breaking roles into components, rather than building and filling an entirely new role, employers can "rent" the needed skills—either through their internal skills marketplace or via external contingent labor sources, such as staffing firms or consultants.
Determine needed skills. Identify the skills necessary for key strategic initiatives and determine whether those skills are resident or can be quickly built in-house. Given the limited time horizons, focus on the talent with higher levels of learning agility, or growth mindset, because those individuals will be better able to manage an accelerated learning curve. Crafted as development opportunities for high-potential talent, project work on the strategic initiatives is an excellent way to keep high potentials engaged, learning, and productive during uncertain times.
Understand the type of work required. Discern which tasks or projects require synchronicity and connectivity, and staff them accordingly. Some work is more rote, routinized, or technical; other work requires more real-time interactivity among team members to be successful, such as projects with intensive problem solving, creative brainstorming, and closely interdependent tasks. For other work, teams or individuals in disparate locations and time zones can complete it in more discrete chunks.
Fill immediate gaps with contingent options. Where skills gaps exist, companies can bring in consultants or temps to fill the need, especially when there isn't time to develop the skills in-house or if particular projects are time-limited.
Kelly Garst, business development director at Salo, a staffing and search firm based in Minneapolis, Minnesota, has noticed an uptick in client companies seeking contingent resources for specific skills. "We are seeing more sprints—time-bound projects with defined goals, such as benefits open enrollment, engagement survey implementation, [and] finance/accounting work like closing the quarter, new systems implementations, etc."
Revamp talent mobility programs
Talent mobility programs have traditionally had geographic mobility elements embedded: Most employers expected that employees would relocate for promotions or accept an expat assignment to accelerate their climb up the corporate ladder. However, companies should remove geographic constraints and start primarily basing upward or lateral mobility on skill.
Despite the perception that people are fleeing cities during the pandemic and have been highly mobile, various recent studies paint a different picture, where relocation has been more limited and less driven by work. Removing the geographic aspect of talent programs can reap significant benefits. First, it opens up new labor markets. Silicon Valley companies have employed this strategy for the past decade to gain access to a more expansive labor set. Second, it offers companies in expensive metropolitan areas access to high-quality—but less expensive—talent. Facebook, for example, announced that it expects 50 percent of its workforce to be remote within the next five to 10 years. The company is currently selectively allowing employees to relocate outside the Bay Area, with the caveat that their pay may be adjusted.
Talent managers can help their organizations be on the cutting edge of such trends and better position them in the talent marketplace.
Challenge the notion of geography-specific roles. Companies may be in the habit of requiring relocation, so help business leaders consider the limitations of that approach—and the talent and value opportunities offered by flexibility, especially for the near term. Take immediate relocation off the table by either establishing certain roles as geography-agnostic or delaying relocation for the next year or so, with the understanding that the company will reevaluate after that time period.
I recently spoke with a healthcare company in New York, New York, that is intentionally pursuing such a strategy after struggling to recruit staff. Given the pandemic's devastating impact on the city, the company has found it increasingly difficult to persuade talent to relocate to the area. As a result, it adjusted its recruiting approach to search for talent in the Midwest and South and is allowing the employees to telework, at least for the foreseeable future. That broadens the talent pool, and with no relocation fees and a more favorable geographic pay differential, the healthcare organization is recruiting top-notch talent for a fraction of the cost.
Design or redesign your talent portability strategy. In many companies, relocation is a requirement for certain promotions or some lateral positions. Talent development leaders can help assess the criticality of relocation needed for particular roles. For example, an employee leading a distribution or manufacturing site would likely need to be physically present, while a marketing manager may be able to perform work remotely.
IRI, a technology and market intelligence firm, is responding to the current situation by becoming more strategic about talent portability. Andrea Haan, senior vice president of global talent, says that the pandemic is "accelerating contemporary themes. We are currently reviewing our real estate and the labor economics and value of remote work. We're also being thoughtful about looking at and developing nontraditional talent profiles—those with learning agility versus deep technical skills—to create a strong internal pipeline for client work."
Explore call centers without borders (state borders, that is). This is a variation on the outsourcing model businesses use for more commoditized roles such as customer service, lead generation or inside sales, and technical support. Some companies are taking that approach a step further by creating virtual call centers. They can reduce their real estate and other costs, hire in various markets with lower labor costs, and more effectively cover time zones.
Encourage leaders to think creatively when workforce planning for call center roles, which tend to be high-churn positions. One of the ways to reduce attrition is to improve agent or representative experience; flexible, remote work can be a welcome employee perk and can differentiate your company in the candidate marketplace.
Some states, such as Vermont, Maine, and Alaska, are capitalizing on the remote work trend. They are offering incentives in the form of grants or tax credits for remote workers to relocate there, which creates win-win programs for employers and workers alike.
A different approach
As businesses begin to emerge from crisis management and return to a more strategic focus, they are reinvigorating initiatives and projects. Organizations are shifting from a reactive stance to refocus efforts on growth and sustainability, even if that means taking a shorter outlook than prior strategic plans.
And they need staff to do the work. While layoffs, furloughs, and other corporate restructuring have undeniably been painful for many, employers now have the opportunity to rethink their approach to talent. Leaders in HR, talent development, and talent management can aid their organizations in resourcing business-critical work. Lending expertise to stand up and leverage systems for talent and skill portability, componentize jobs, identify projects that require specific skill sets, and engage internal and external resources to best staff the work will position the talent development team as a strategic business partner in navigating the shifting business terrain.
Patricia Carl
Patricia Carl is an executive coach and consultant, and former chief human resources officer for both public and private equity backed companies. She partners with leaders, teams and organizations to drive business outcomes, and has worked with clients across industries, from companies such as Microsoft, Target Corporation, Deloitte, Citadel, and Silicon Valley start-ups. She has guest lectured at academic institutions including the University of Pennsylvania, and her insights have been regularly featured in Forbes, Real Leaders, and other publications. She holds leadership roles with not-for-profit boards and organizations and is an angel investor in multiple technology companies.


text:
Relationships and Unplanned Parenthood
CATS. CATS ARE NICE.
Joined: Thu Apr 26, 2007 1:16 am UTC
Re: Relationships and Unplanned Parenthood
Postby Azrael » Mon Mar 21, 2011 4:32 pm UTC
jules.lt wrote: Women are entitled to abortion not only because of bodily autonomy,but also for financial reasons. Which is why it's unfair to deprive men of any legal exit.
See what happens when I remove the factually incorrect part?
jules.LT
Joined: Sun Jul 19, 2009 8:20 pm UTC
Location: Paris, France, Europe
Postby jules.LT » Mon Mar 21, 2011 4:37 pm UTC
Azrael wrote:
That kind of post is... unexpected from someone who's supposed to be the moderator of "Serious Business"...
The straw man thing could have been considered a misunderstanding of other people's POV, but this is... let's say "completely unconstructive".
Feel free to delete this post at the same time as yours.
Last edited by jules.LT on Mon Mar 21, 2011 4:39 pm UTC, edited 1 time in total.
Bertrand Russell wrote: Not to be absolutely certain is, I think, one of the essential things in rationality.
Richard Feynman & many others wrote: Keep an open mind – but not so open that your brain falls out
Pointing out basic factual inconsistencies in your argument is not trolling.
Purposefully misunderstanding the other person in order to make it seem illogical, on the other hand, is a fallacy for which I'm sure you know the name.
Obviously, I wasn't talking about legally entitled, since we aren't even talking about a precise legal system.
jules.lt wrote: I wish people stopped taking people who refuse abortion on moral grounds more seriously than those who refuse blood transfusions on moral grounds.
jules.lt wrote: Obviously, I wasn't talking about legally entitled, since we aren't even talking about a precise legal system.
To avoid further confusion: Since you've said it's not legal entitlement, it evidently is not moral entitlement (see above), and it factually is not biological entitlement, what is the basis you claim for a woman's entitlement to abortion for financial reasons, as you stated here:
jules.lt wrote: Women are entitled to abortion not only because of bodily autonomy, but also for financial reasons.
Because, by your own position, it can't be ethical entitlement.
Postby Izawwlgood » Mon Mar 21, 2011 5:05 pm UTC
jules.lt wrote: I'll rephrase that as: *What do you care about the ORIGINAL legal basis.*
The reason why the right to abortion was essential wasn't because of the 9 months of pregnancy, but really because forcing women to keep all of their babies chained them to their family and made sex a disproportionate risk as compared to what happened to men.
Wait, what? You're saying the only reason you think the right to abortion exists is because of sexism? I... disagree, and am a bit disappointed to see that the words 'woman's, right's, bodily, autonomy' have no yet sunk into your world view.
It IS ethical. There are sound ethical reasons to have a right to abortion (see my post above).
I'll point out the obvious since you want to play dumb: I think that someone who refuses abortion for religious reasons (as opposed to medical) should be worked with but laws shouldn't be molded around that position more than how you account for the religious people who don't want blood transfusions or whatever. This is debatable, but it doesn't mean that I think morals have no place here.
Is that spelled out enough?
No, these aren't the only reasons. I worded it poorly, sorry about that.
The only thing I'm really saying here is that abortion was required because of:
- A woman's life before pregnancy (more specifically her sex life)
- A woman's life during pregnancy
- A woman's life after pregnancy
And I'm pretty sure that overall A and C are more important than B.
And now I'll take time off from these boards to cool down, because as I post faster I seem to be understood less.
jules.lt wrote: Is that spelled out enough?
Yes, because now we can focus on this:
jules.lt wrote: The reason why the right to abortion was essential ... because forcing women to keep all of their babies chained them to their family and made sex a disproportionate risk as compared to what happened to men.
If you use that as your ethical argument as to why women should have abortions, it is entirely circular to subsequently argue that abortion then ethically justifies a male opt-out.
"I have an ethical justification to Action A, because it relieves the disproportionate burden I carry in comparison to you" does not follow into "You have an ethical justification to Action A, because it relieves the disproportionate burden of Action A that you carry in comparison to me."
Women are worse off, so we try and make things better for them.
Men are now worse off, and we try and make things better for them.
It isn't about balance, but about making everyone's life better in the end. It's just that you usually begin with the one that's worse off. It isn't circular at all.
Joined: Thu Aug 13, 2009 3:17 am UTC
Location: The land of pure calculus.
Postby Buddha » Mon Mar 21, 2011 5:32 pm UTC
jules.lt wrote: Women are worse off, so we try and make things better for them.
But men aren't worse off. Not even close.
Here is what I understand of your argument "Women have a de facto right to refuse parenthood, which men don't, so men deserve a de jure right to refuse parenthood."
The biggest problem I have with this argument is that (at least in the US), woman have a de jure right to an abortion, and a de facto lack of that right. Having a legal right to an abortion doesn't do you any good, if there isn't a provider in your state. See WV. Yes, they can go out of state, but that's still a much bigger problem which needs to be solved, before we can legitimately consider the implications that the right to an abortion has on the rights of a man.
Unless otherwise explicitly stated, I not a recognized authority in any field, nor am I a credible source.
Postby LaserGuy » Mon Mar 21, 2011 5:33 pm UTC
To take this in a slightly different direction, what if opt-out was pre-pregnancy? That is a situation where either 1) both parties enter into an agreement that, in the event of a future pregnancy resulting from consentual intercourse, the male party is absolved of any parental responsibility for the child or 2) prior to pregnancy, the male party is able to create a document unilaterally that absolves him of any responsibility for children produced from future consentual intercourse (I guess strictly speaking there's no reason why the woman wouldn't also be able to produce such documents absolving herself if she is willing to carry a child for her partner but unwilling to raise it). The second document, in particular, would be dated and would not apply if it could be reasonably determined that the woman was pregnant prior to it being received by her. Maybe add that the documents must be renewed every, say, 3-5 years in order to remain in effect.
Buddha wrote: But men aren't worse off. Not even close.
In my country they have a de facto right to abortion (and hardly any stigma for it) and also a de facto right to leaving the kid to the state at birth extremely easily (there is a stigma for that: adoption should be arranged in advance instead), so I guess that's why the burden people here want to put on the father revolts me.
LaserGuy wrote: To take this in a slightly different direction, what if opt-out was pre-pregnancy? That is a situation where either 1) both parties enter into an agreement that, in the event of a future pregnancy resulting from consentual intercourse, the male party is absolved of any parental responsibility for the child or 2) prior to pregnancy, the male party is able to create a document unilaterally that absolves him of any responsibility for children produced from future consentual intercourse (I guess strictly speaking there's no reason why the woman wouldn't also be able to produce such documents absolving herself if she is willing to carry a child for her partner but unwilling to raise it). The second document, in particular, would be dated and would not apply if it could be reasonably determined that the woman was pregnant prior to it being received by her. Maybe add that the documents must be renewed every, say, 3-5 years in order to remain in effect.
I see no reason why bilateral wouldn't work, provided that there is a stipulation that expenses related to an abortion are bound by legal contract to be split [however the individuals specify in the document]. Obviously would require signature by the other party and a witness (witness to attest for state of mind) for each. It doesn't set up an incentive to ditch, either, which is critical.
I'd say that unilateral is a giant cluster, though. On the guy's side the complications regarding proving pre-notification are pretty severe, and so easily abused that the requirement should mimic the signing requirements of the bilateral. Obviously, the clause regarding consensual needs to be pretty iron-tight too, and considering the low rates for report of sexual assault and miserable conviction rates, there's a huge source of trouble there. Even with a dual-signature unilateral agreement, I worry about power balance and abuse influencing signatures. Protections for moral and religious beliefs are incorporated in refusing to sign an agreement with abortion in it, I suppose, but with the same concerns. Perhaps the unilateral would have to require the father to pay for any/all medical expenses, flat out? Anyhow, I see unilateral being so rife with potential holes, and abuses that it's just not worth it.
(I agree that from the woman's side, there isn't much of a point of a unilateral agreement, since that's the supposed inequality.)
jules.lt wrote: ...a de facto right to leaving the kid to the state at birth extremely easily (there is a stigma for that: adoption should be arranged in advance instead)...
Not that I'm surprised given your earlier stance devaluing bodily autonomy, but pregnancy and birth are not cheap or easy. Any system that treats it as such cannot be reasonably described as increasing fairness.
Postby jules.LT » Mon Mar 21, 2011 10:59 pm UTC
Not that I'm surprised that you're distorting what I say again, but it's the leaving of the kid that I said was easy, not pregnancy or birth (was what I said in any way ambiguous?). Those we can't do anything about once we're past the legal abortion deadline.
Also, I do value bodily autonomy thank you very much. I just think that there's only so much financial autonomy you can give up before you'd rather give up some bodily autonomy. The costs associated with raising a kid can make you reach that point fast, and that's before accounting for the time spent. Which is why I find your insistance that only bodily autonomy issues be taken into account when it comes to becoming a parent or not preposterous.
Postby PAstrychef » Tue Mar 22, 2011 2:13 am UTC
If the male is unwilling to financially support a child, and the woman wants the child anyways, then she is knowingly taking the burdens upon herself--the burdens are not "forced" upon her, and both parties are exercising due freedom in their decisions.
And we're back to the whole "But I said I didn't want a kid!"position. Either you knowingly undertake the risks, or you skip the activity. If I drive a car, I undertake the risk that there will be an accident. I do my best to prevent and avoid them, but they still happen. (I tend to get rear-ended for some reason. Usually stopped at red lights. Can I then say that I don't want to pay for fixing my car? Especially if the other driver either drives off or doesn't carry insurance? I could hit a slippery patch and end up killing some pedestrian. Would saying "I didn't want to do that!" reduce my culpability?)
As for waivers and forms and public (pubic?) notaries, etc., etc. Is there a way to discover if the signature was coerced? Who will be enforcing these regulations?
I get that part of the discussion is to find a way to make equitable something currently see as unequal. I get that men don't want to be forced to pay for kids they didn't intend to father.
There is one more part of the situation we haven't really gotten to-what's best for the child.
PS I do not believe men are scum. Plenty of them pay the mandated child support and work as best they can at being parents. But very few of the men I met working in Family Law who were not divorced from the woman they were paying support to, i.e. they were not men who had had a relationship end after they had kids, but were men to whom the idea of kids might have been powerful and the reality a burden, were ever current in their support, felt that the amount set was fair or were willing to admit that their desire for unprotected sex had led to this predicament. (dang, that's a one-sentence paragraph!) They would boast about their lack of condom use, and claim that any woman who then became pregnant had done it to trick them. So a subset of men, as seen in Family Law courts, behave badly around child-related issues.
Postby Azrael » Tue Mar 22, 2011 2:39 am UTC
jules.lt wrote:
Not that I'm surprised that you're distorting what I say again, but it's the leaving of the kid that I said was easy, not pregnancy or birth (was what I said in any way ambiguous?).
No you weren't ambiguous, and I'm rather aware of where you put the adjective. I did not distort anything. I made the point that promoting how easy safe haven drops are entirely glosses over that pregnancy is not instant, cheap, easy or emotionally bereft. The value of that process can't be discounted when discussing how ethically fair any proposal can be.
Moving on, between:
Also, I do value bodily autonomy thank you very much. I just think that there's only so much financial autonomy you can give up before you'd rather give up some bodily autonomy
jules.lt wrote: And "bodily autonomy" is indeed very important, but as for myself I'd rather ...
It's pretty clear that you don't actually value bodily autonomy. Rather, it's becoming increasing clear with each of your statements that you might not get it at all. You don't get to decide. Your opinion on the matter of what someone else should do with their body is irrelevant. Providing said opinion in the same paragraph where you claim to respect bodily autonomy is, in and of itself, disingenuous.
Which is why I find your insistance that only bodily autonomy issues be taken into account when it comes to becoming a parent or not preposterous.
Bodily autonomy is of the primary and utmost importance, because that is the protected right, as established over the last few pages. That is the Right. It's pretty damn important.
Postby jules.LT » Tue Mar 22, 2011 8:01 am UTC
Azrael wrote: No you weren't ambiguous, and I'm rather aware of where you put the adjective. I did not distort anything. I made the point that promoting how easy safe haven drops are entirely glosses over that pregnancy is not instant, cheap, easy or emotionally bereft. The value of that process can't be discounted when discussing how ethically fair any proposal can be.
While you're entirely discarding the life of a person outside of these 9 months.
Well, that does serve your point since life outside of these months applies to fathers too.
Nothing of the kind has been "established". There is obviously a right to bodily autonomy, but there is also a right to not have your life turned upside down disproportionately with what you've done, however you word it. And the hierarchy of those rights is not clear at all. If you wish to go to the corresponding thread and say that "bodily autonomy trumps all", do so, and have extreme cases given to you where it is obviously not the case.
Postby Azrael » Tue Mar 22, 2011 11:50 am UTC
Actually, the hierarchy of rights in this case is entirely clear. Demonstrated by the fact that there are been no successful court challenges, judicial rulings or legislation supporting your position. Your complaint is that you don't find that hierarchy to be fair. But it's well established.
Furthermore, your argument to "... disproportionately with what you've done" is entirely backwards. You're trying to suggest that it's disproportionate in comparison to actions the mother may choose to take. Otherwise, your complaint is to the act of insemination.
Postby Buddha » Tue Mar 22, 2011 11:54 am UTC
You have a right not to punished disproportionately to the consequences of your actions. Not your intentions. If I build a tower with a five percent chance of catastrophic failure, and I'm aware of that chance, and I do nothing about it, when it falls and crushes a whole lot of people to death, I go to prison for negligent homicide. I may not have intended for that to happen, but it did, and I knew it could.
If my building partner also knew about it, and did nothing, then (s)he's responsible too, to the same degree that I am, but that doesn't absolve me of responsibility.
Postby jules.LT » Tue Mar 22, 2011 12:14 pm UTC
Buddha wrote: If my building partner also knew about it, and did nothing, then (s)he's responsible too, to the same degree that I am, but that doesn't absolve me of responsibility.
Except for the fact that the two "builders" have nowhere near the same options when it comes to preventing collapse.
Iulus Cofield
Postby Iulus Cofield » Tue Mar 22, 2011 12:38 pm UTC
PAstrychef wrote:
So, for the record, you are entirely against an abortion for any non-medical reason? That would explain your positions ITT. And I am relieved to hear that you don't think men are scum.
Greyarcher
Postby Greyarcher » Tue Mar 22, 2011 1:21 pm UTC
Waaait, just for clarity, are you saying that this is your moral position? Or that it's the legal basis in your area? I think it's the latter, but sometimes it's hard to tell in this thread.
I find the first issue--when we morally permit abortion--interesting since it affects when we'd legally condone it. And of course bodily autonomy is inextricable, but I think abstractly separating it gives us a sense of how important we hold other things--e.g. the financial burdens of having a child, and the ability to avoid them in the case of unwanted pregnancy.
Iulus Cofield wrote:
Well, Pastrychef might only permit abortion solely due to the importance of bodily autonomy. Not sure how that would affect the issue of responsibility and adoption. But I've been putting off the topic of adoption--that's an interesting issue too.
So, moving on to that: when should the parents be able to give their child up for adoption, and how much decision-making power should each parent have within this decision? What responsibilities and what costs should either party bear?
I can't say I have an opinion on the issue yet. Will browse up on adoption policies a bit and reflect.
In serious discussion, I usually strive to post with clarity, thoroughness, and precision so that others will not misunderstand; I strive for dispassion and an open mind, the better to avoid error.
Postby jules.LT » Tue Mar 22, 2011 2:21 pm UTC
Azrael wrote: Actually, the hierarchy of rights in this case is entirely clear. Demonstrated by the fact that there are been no successful court challenges, judicial rulings or legislation supporting your position. Your complaint is that you don't find that hierarchy to be fair. But it's well established.
It might be well established in the US jurisprudence, but our subject is broader than that.
Azrael wrote: Furthermore, your argument to "... disproportionately with what you've done" is entirely backwards. You're trying to suggest that it's disproportionate in comparison to actions the mother may choose to take. Otherwise, your complaint is to the act of insemination.
What the couple has done (i.e sex) is not proportionate with the punishment of having to carry and care for a kid you don't want. The woman has several ways of getting out of it, and rightly so, and this is NOT only about bodily autonomy. The reasons women give when asked why they abort are pretty clear.
So what about the man? Just because he doesn't have to do the carrying doesn't mean that there's nothing to do about the other part. The feeling of entrapment many fathers are sure to have is probably a leading cause of runaway dads.
I feel like I'm repeating myself, but then again you always come up with original interpretations of what I really meant, so I guess I still need to clarify.
setzer777
Good questions sometimes get stupid answers
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Postby setzer777 » Tue Mar 22, 2011 2:40 pm UTC
Just to step away from the legal and back to the moral for a second (feel like most of what's going to be said about legality has been):
If a woman gets pregnant and the man immediately says: "I'm not ready to be a father, I will help you pay the medical expenses no matter what choice you make, but if you choose to raise the child I will only send in payments, I will not be a part of its life." Is this action morally wrong?
Meaux_Pas wrote: We're here to go above and beyond.
Too infinity
of being an arsehole
setzer777 wrote: Just to step away from the legal and back to the moral for a second (feel like most of what's going to be said about legality has been):
It's probably wrong.
But what about the woman who chooses to carry a child to term while knowing that he won't have an actual father?
("choosing" implying that the possibility is really there, obviously)
I can't say I'd morally condemn it. If they were careless about precautions before conception, there's a general irresponsibility issue, true. But I wouldn't demand either of them bear the burdens of parenthood if they didn't desire it. But then, I see raising a child as a very serious long-term responsibility and consider it a serious long-term burden as well. It's not something I'd morally require someone bear due to a careless sex act; that seems unusually harsh considering how sex is often recreational and early nowadays. Though being responsible about taking precautions is indeed important, and should be a value ingrained so as to prevent such incidents.
Now, if the person were consistently or intentionally negligent about taking precautions against pregnancy, then, yeah, immoral because especially irresponsible.
GenericAnimeBoy
Postby GenericAnimeBoy » Tue Mar 22, 2011 3:19 pm UTC
jules.lt wrote: But what about the woman who chooses to carry a child to term while knowing that he won't have an actual father?
The underlying question there is "would you rather (a) have a particularly difficult life or (b) never be born at all?" I don't think that question can be answered without an appeal to the metaphysical.
I think she's right to make that decision. I have sometimes felt as if it would be better for me to have never lived, but in retrospect those feelings are always temporary. Life can be very uncomfortable, but it is precious and wonderful, and not having a male parent wouldn't ruin it forever.
EDIT: Bah, silly nested quote boxes.
In light of the impermanence and absurdity of existence, I surmise that nothing is better for us than to rejoice and to do good in our lives, and that everyone should eat and drink and enjoy the good of his/her labor. Such enjoyment is a gift from God.
GenericAnimeBoy wrote:
Yeah, it's a very difficult issue. People all cope with difficulties in their own ways; people who cope very well and/or don't have too many difficulties may be likely to look on life positively. But, well, people's ability to cope with crap isn't necessarily a reason to have a kid while knowing the kid will have crappy circumstances. That's why I wouldn't have children if I knew a serious genetic defect would screw them up.
We obviously can't get a kid's consent for being conceived; that's bothered me, along with how having children makes one indirectly responsible for everything that happens to them and everything they do. It's a heavy burden, knowing you're bringing something into this world, and all you can do is try your best and hope it turns out well. It's gambling with someone's life in a way, since you create that life but can't really guarantee things will turn out well.
Eh, but then I have high standards in general and take some things pretty seriously.
Edit: I will also add that [many] people's lives are in many ways total crap that falls very, very short of the ideal. It's an amazing tribute to our coping mechanisms and adaptive ability that people can still maintain a positive outlook. The world and life are not things I'd call wonderful without qualification, though there are some pretty awesome things about them both.
I think it's wrong to look at the question from the point of view of someone who doesn't exist yet. Especially since people usually have a family size in mind that they're going to have: you're often having this kid instead of another. What about the wishes of that other kid?
More importantly, shouldn't you try to have your kids in the best configuration possible? That's what family planning is about.
Last edited by jules.LT on Tue Mar 22, 2011 4:55 pm UTC, edited 1 time in total.
drkslvr
Postby drkslvr » Tue Mar 22, 2011 6:37 pm UTC
PAstrychef wrote: And we're back to the whole "But I said I didn't want a kid!"position. Either you knowingly undertake the risks, or you skip the activity.
Again, if this argument applies to men, why not to women? And if it shouldn't apply to women, then why are we applying it to men? It's not right.
LaserGuy wrote: To take this in a slightly different direction, what if opt-out was pre-pregnancy? That is a situation where either 1) both parties enter into an agreement that, in the event of a future pregnancy resulting from consentual intercourse, the male party is absolved of any parental responsibility for the child or 2) prior to pregnancy, the male party is able to create a document unilaterally that absolves him of any responsibility for children produced from future consentual intercourse...
It does seem like (1) would be a nice minimum standard for improvement in the status quo. It probably wouldn't get used very often, because most men wouldn't want that extra formality between them and sex. But it would be there for those who wanted it.
Iulus Cofield wrote: You're still...uh, I'm struggling for an effective way to communicate this. You're treating men and women differently. This differing treatment makes it okay for women to do something, something you're a big believer in, but then saying men can't have something similar because they're men ...
This is the same point you started making 4 pages ago, so I'll whip out the same response: No, this is the exact opposite. Saying that a women gets to do whatever she wishes with her body is position that brings the rights back into equality.
Can the father do whatever he wants with his body? Maybe what he'd like to do with his body is to earn just enough money for himself and spend the rest of his time clubbing and meeting more women. Ones he hasn't gotten pregnant yet. Is it selfish? Sure. But his right to bodily autonomy is absolute, and you can't violate that under any circumstances.
</tongue-in-cheek>
Does the right to bodily autonomy apply in that situation? Of course not. I agree that the right to bodily autonomy is way up there on the hierarchy of rights. But even if it were absolute, you couldn't invoke it to prove that the sky was green. Well, you could. But you wouldn't be right.
Buddha wrote: Here is what I understand of your argument "Women have a de facto right to refuse parenthood, which men don't, so men deserve a de jure right to refuse parenthood."
Thank you for putting the arguments in this light. When I to try an use this language to describe what I see, here is what I come up with:
Naturally, women have a de facto obligation to parenthood, while men have a de facto ability to refuse it.
Artificially, society has given women the legal and physical ability to opt-out of parenthood, while giving men a de jure obligation to be parents.
Ah, what a funny world we live in.
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jules.lt wrote: I think it's wrong to look at the question from the point of view of someone who doesn't exist yet. Especially since people usually have a family size in mind that they're going to have: you're often having this kid instead of another. What about the wishes of that other kid?
I think you're quite right in saying that people should try to choose when the situation is or is not right to bring another person into their lives--the complicating metaphysical question is this: does a child in the womb exist in the sense that you and I exist? If not, when do you claim that human children transition from the state of non-existence into the state of existence? The "other child" to whom you refer has (if I'm understanding you correctly) not been conceived or developed in any meaningful sense; a child that has partially developed within its mother's womb does, in point of fact, exist in some sense. Once a fetus passes the point in its development where it transitions from a part of its parents' bodies into an independent human, the decision has been made--the risk has been taken--jacta alea est (the die is cast), so to speak.
FWIW, I personally think that transition occurs at some time between conception and birth, but it is quite challenging to pin down exactly when, and as far as I can tell the process of determining when that transition occurs necessarily involves the assumption of some set of metaphysical claims.
Last edited by GenericAnimeBoy on Tue Mar 22, 2011 7:06 pm UTC, edited 1 time in total.
GenericAnimeBoy wrote: does a child in the womb exist in the sense that you and I exist?
It's an interesting question, but it really belongs in another thread.[/inhuman restraint]
Does it? It's completely relevant to the question of whether a mother should (in the sense of morality) choose at a given stage of pregnancy to carry to term or not.
EDIT: And that question is relevant to this thread because it's the question I was answering in my previous post.
Postby Azrael » Tue Mar 22, 2011 7:16 pm UTC
Yes. It does.