text:
Health (Regulation of Termination of Pregnancy) Act 2018
1. Short title and commencement
3. Regulations
4. Expenses
5. Repeals
6. Transitional provisions
7. Review of operation of Act
Termination of pregnancy
8. Definitions (Part 2)
9. Risk to life or health
10. Risk to life or health in emergency
11. Condition likely to lead to death of foetus
12. Early pregnancy
13. Application for review of medical opinion
14. Establishment of review panel, etc.
15. Establishment of review committee, etc.
16. Review of relevant decision
17. Procedures of review committee
18. Report by Executive on operation of reviews
19. Form of certification etc.
20. Notifications
21. Consent
22. Conscientious objection
23. Offences
24. Offence by body corporate
25. Prohibition against receiving special benefits or advantages
26. Amendment of Health Act 1970
27. Amendment of section 33 of Nursing Homes Support Scheme Act 2009
28. Amendment of Health (Pricing and Supply of Medical Goods) Act 2013
29. Amendment of Schedule to Bail Act 1997
Bail Act 1997 (No. 16)
Censorship of Publications Act 1929 (No. 29)
Censorship of Publications Act 1946 (No. 1)
Health (Family Planning) Act 1979 (No. 20)
Health (Pricing and Supply of Medical Goods) Act 2013 (No. 14)
Health Act 1970 (No. 1)
Medical Practitioners Act 2007 (No. 25)
Nurses and Midwives Act 2011 (No. 41)
Nursing Homes Support Scheme Act 2009 (No. 15)
Protection of Life During Pregnancy Act 2013 (No. 35)
Regulation of Information (Services outside the State for Termination of Pregnancies) Act 1995 (No. 5)
An Act to provide for and regulate termination of pregnancy; to make provision for reviews at the instigation of a pregnant woman, or a person on her behalf, of certain medical opinions given in respect of pregnancy; to make available without charge certain services to women for the purpose of termination of pregnancy in accordance with this Act and, for that purpose, to amend the Health Act 1970 and certain other enactments; to provide for offences in respect of the intentional ending of the life of a foetus otherwise than in accordance with this Act; to amend the Bail Act 1997 ; to repeal the Regulation of Information (Services outside the State for Termination of Pregnancies) Act 1995 , the Protection of Life During Pregnancy Act 2013 and provisions of certain other enactments; and to provide for matters connected therewith.
[20th December , 2018]
Short title and commencement
1. (1) This Act may be cited as the Health (Regulation of Termination of Pregnancy) Act 2018 .
(2) This Act shall come into operation on such day or days as the Minister may appoint by order or orders either generally or with reference to any particular purpose or provision and different days may be so appointed for different purposes or provisions, and for the repeal of different enactments or provisions of enactments effected by section 5 .
2. In this Act—
"Act of 2007" means the Medical Practitioners Act 2007 ;
"Act of 2013" means the Protection of Life During Pregnancy Act 2013 ;
"foetus", in relation to a pregnancy, means an embryo or a foetus during the period of time commencing after implantation in the uterus of a woman and ending on the complete emergence of the foetus from the body of the woman;
"medical practitioner" means a medical practitioner who is for the time being registered in the register;
"medical procedure" includes the prescribing, by a medical practitioner, of any drug or medical treatment;
"Minister" means the Minister for Health;
"prescribed" means prescribed by regulations made under section 3 ;
"register" means the register of medical practitioners established under section 43 of the Act of 2007;
"termination of pregnancy", in relation to a pregnant woman, means a medical procedure which is intended to end the life of a foetus;
"woman" means a female person of any age.
3. (1) The Minister may by regulations provide for any matter referred to in this Act as prescribed or to be prescribed.
(2) Without prejudice to any provision of this Act, regulations under this section may contain such incidental, supplementary and consequential provisions as appear to the Minister to be necessary or expedient for the purposes of the regulations.
(3) Every regulation under this Act shall be laid before each House of the Oireachtas as soon as may be after it is made and, if a resolution annulling the regulation is passed by either such House within the next 21 days on which that House sits after the regulation is laid before it, the regulation shall be annulled accordingly, but without prejudice to the validity of anything previously done thereunder.
4. The expenses incurred by the Minister in the administration of this Act shall, to such extent as may be sanctioned by the Minister for Public Expenditure and Reform, be paid out of moneys provided by the Oireachtas.
Repeals
5. The following are repealed:
(a) sections 16 and 17 (1) of the Censorship of Publications Act 1929 ;
(b) sections 7 (b) and 9 (1)(b) of the Censorship of Publications Act 1946 ;
(c) section 10 of the Health (Family Planning) Act 1979 ;
(d) the Regulation of Information (Services outside the State for Termination of Pregnancies) Act 1995 ;
(e) the Act of 2013.
6. (1) Notwithstanding the repeal of the Act of 2013 by section 5 (e)—
(a) a review committee established under section 12 of that Act before the commencement date which, on that date, has not completed a review of a relevant decision within the meaning of that Act shall continue in operation as if it had been established under section 15 and, for that purpose, sections 16 and 17 shall apply and have effect in relation to the review by the committee, and
(b) the Health Service Executive shall, in accordance with section 15 of that Act, not later than 6 months after the commencement date, prepare and submit to the Minister a final report on the operation of Chapter 2 of Part 2 of that Act in respect of such period as has not already been the subject of a report to the Minister.
(2) In this section, "commencement date" means the date on which section 5 (e) comes into operation.
Review of operation of Act
7. The Minister shall, not later than 3 years after the commencement of this section, carry out a review of the operation of this Act.
Definitions (Part 2)
8. In this Part—
"appropriate medical practitioner", in relation to a medical practitioner and his or her assessment of the risk to the life, or of serious harm to the health, of a pregnant woman, means a medical practitioner appropriate to the care or treatment of the woman in respect of the risk;
"Executive" means the Health Service Executive;
"health" means physical or mental health;
"medical specialty" means a medical specialty recognised by the Medical Council under section 89 of the Act of 2007;
"obstetrician" means an obstetrician and gynaecologist;
"obstetrician and gynaecologist" means a medical practitioner who is registered in the Specialist Division of the register under the medical specialty of "Obstetrics and Gynaecology";
"relevant decision" shall be construed in accordance with section 13 ;
"relevant specialty", in relation to a medical practitioner and his or her assessment of the presence of a condition affecting a foetus that is likely to lead to the death of the foetus either before, or within 28 days of, birth, means a medical specialty—
(a) in respect of which the medical practitioner is registered in the Specialist Division of the register, and
(b) relevant to the diagnosis, care or treatment of such a condition;
"review", in relation to a relevant decision, means a review under section 16 ;
"review committee", in relation to a relevant decision, means the committee established under section 15 (1) to review that decision;
"review panel" means the panel established under section 14 (1);
" section 9 certification" means a certification referred to in section 9 (3) or, as the case may be, a certification pursuant to section 16 (2) as to the matters referred to in paragraph (a) of that subsection;
" section 10 certification" means a certification referred to in section 10 (2);
" section 11 certification" means a certification referred to in section 11 (3) or, as the case may be, a certification pursuant to section 16 (2) as to the matters referred to in paragraph (b) of that subsection;
"viability" means the point in a pregnancy at which, in the reasonable opinion of a medical practitioner, the foetus is capable of survival outside the uterus without extraordinary life-sustaining measures.
Risk to life or health
9. (1) A termination of pregnancy may be carried out in accordance with this section where 2 medical practitioners, having examined the pregnant woman, are of the reasonable opinion formed in good faith that—
(a) there is a risk to the life, or of serious harm to the health, of the pregnant woman,
(b) the foetus has not reached viability, and
(c) it is appropriate to carry out the termination of pregnancy in order to avert the risk referred to in paragraph (a).
(2) Of the 2 medical practitioners referred to in subsection (1)—
(a) one shall be an obstetrician, and
(b) the other shall be an appropriate medical practitioner.
(3) A termination of pregnancy shall not be carried out under this section unless each of the medical practitioners referred to in subsection (1) has certified his or her opinion as to the matters referred to in that subsection.
(4) The termination of pregnancy to which the certification referred to in subsection (3) relates shall be carried out—
(a) by the obstetrician referred to in subsection (2)(a), or
(b) where the medical practitioner referred to in subsection (2)(b) is also an obstetrician, by that obstetrician or the obstetrician referred to in subsection (2)(a).
Risk to life or health in emergency
10. (1) Notwithstanding the generality of section 9 , or any determination made or pending pursuant to section 16 of an application under section 13 (2), a termination of pregnancy may be carried out in accordance with this section by a medical practitioner where, having examined the pregnant woman, he or she is of the reasonable opinion formed in good faith that—
(a) there is an immediate risk to the life, or of serious harm to the health, of the pregnant woman, and
(b) it is immediately necessary to carry out the termination of pregnancy in order to avert that risk.
(2) Where a medical practitioner proposes to carry out a termination of pregnancy under this section, he or she shall certify his or her opinion as to the matters referred to in subsection (1)—
(a) before carrying out the termination of pregnancy concerned, or
(b) where it is not practicable to do so before carrying out the termination of pregnancy, as soon as may be but, in any event, not later than 3 days after the carrying out of the termination of pregnancy concerned.
Condition likely to lead to death of foetus
11. (1) A termination of pregnancy may be carried out in accordance with this section where 2 medical practitioners, having examined the pregnant woman, are of the reasonable opinion formed in good faith that there is present a condition affecting the foetus that is likely to lead to the death of the foetus either before, or within 28 days of, birth.
(b) the other shall be a medical practitioner of a relevant specialty.
Early pregnancy
12. (1) A termination of pregnancy may be carried out in accordance with this section by a medical practitioner where, having examined the pregnant woman, he or she is of the reasonable opinion formed in good faith that the pregnancy concerned has not exceeded 12 weeks of pregnancy.
(2) A termination of pregnancy shall not be carried out under this section unless the medical practitioner referred to in subsection (1) has certified his or her opinion as to the matter referred to in that subsection.
(3) The termination of pregnancy shall not be carried out by a medical practitioner unless a period of not less than 3 days has elapsed from—
(a) the date of certification under subsection (2) by that medical practitioner, or
(b) where a certification was previously made in respect of the pregnancy by another medical practitioner for the purposes of subsection (2), the date of that previous certification.
(4) A termination of pregnancy to which the certification referred to in subsection (2) relates shall be carried out as soon as may be after the period referred to in subsection (3)(a) or (b), as the case may be, has elapsed but before the pregnancy has exceeded 12 weeks of pregnancy.
(5) For the purposes of this section, "12 weeks of pregnancy" shall be construed in accordance with the medical principle that pregnancy is generally dated from the first day of a woman's last menstrual period.
Application for review of medical opinion
13. (1) Where a medical practitioner, who has been requested to give an opinion in respect of a pregnant woman in the circumstances referred to in section 9 (1) or 11(1)—
(a) does not give an opinion, or
(b) gives an opinion but not such as would be required for the purposes of a section 9 certification or section 11 certification, as the case may be,
(in this Part referred to as a "relevant decision") he or she shall inform the pregnant woman in writing that an application may be made in accordance with subsection (2) to review the relevant decision.
(2) A pregnant woman, or a person acting on her behalf, may make an application in the prescribed form and manner to the Executive for a review of a relevant decision.
Establishment of review panel, etc.
14. (1) Subject to subsection (2), the Executive shall establish and maintain a panel of medical practitioners, appointed for such term and on such conditions as the Executive determines, for the purposes of the establishment of a review committee in relation to a relevant decision.
(2) The membership of the review panel shall consist of—
(a) medical practitioners who are registered in the Specialist Division of the register, and
(b) medical practitioners of relevant specialties.
(3) The Executive shall revoke the appointment of a member of the panel who ceases to be a medical practitioner referred to in subsection (2)(a) or (b).
Establishment of review committee, etc.
15. (1) As soon as may be but, in any event, not later than 3 days from the date on which it receives an application under section 13 (2), the Executive shall establish and convene (or cause to be convened) a committee, the membership of which shall, subject to subsections (2) and (3), be drawn from the review panel to review the relevant decision that is the subject of the application.
(2) A review committee shall consist of—
(a) an obstetrician, and
(b) in the case of—
(i) a review of a relevant decision which relates to the circumstances referred to in section 9 (1), an appropriate medical practitioner, or
(ii) a review of a relevant decision which relates to the circumstances referred to in section 11 (1), a medical practitioner of a relevant specialty.
(3) A medical practitioner shall be disqualified from sitting on the review committee where he or she has previously been consulted by the pregnant woman in relation to the matter that is the subject of the relevant decision to be reviewed by the committee.
Review of relevant decision
16. (1) The review committee shall complete its review of a relevant decision as soon as may be but, in any event, not later than 7 days from the date on which the review committee was established and convened under section 15 (1).
(2) Where the review committee, having examined the pregnant woman, has completed its review of the relevant decision and is of the reasonable opinion formed in good faith that—
(a) (i) there is a risk to the life, or of serious harm to the health, of the pregnant woman,
(ii) the foetus has not reached viability, and
(iii) it is appropriate to carry out a termination of pregnancy in order to avert the risk referred to in subparagraph (i),
(b) there is present a condition affecting the foetus that is likely to lead to the death of the foetus either before, or within 28 days of, birth,
the committee shall jointly certify their opinion as to the matters referred to in paragraph (a) or (b), as the case may be, and, as soon as may be, give notice in writing of its determination to the pregnant woman (or, if the application under section 13 (2) concerned was made by another person on behalf of the woman, to that other person and the pregnant woman) and the Executive.
(3) Where the review committee makes a certification referred to in subsection (2), it shall make such arrangements as may be necessary for the carrying out of the termination of pregnancy to which that certification relates in accordance with section 9 or 11, as the case may be.
(4) Where the review committee has completed its review of the relevant decision and is not of the opinion referred to in subsection (2)(a) or (b), it shall, as soon as may be, give notice in writing of its determination to the pregnant woman (or, if the application under section 13 (2) concerned was made by another person on behalf of the woman, to that other person and the pregnant woman) and the Executive.
(5) In this section, "jointly certify", in relation to the review committee, means that the members of the committee jointly make the certification concerned.
Procedures of review committee
17. (1) The review committee may, for the purposes of its review of a relevant decision, by direction in writing require a medical practitioner or former medical practitioner at such time and place as may be specified in the direction—
(a) to produce to the committee such documents or other records in his or her possession or control as the committee may reasonably require and as are specified in the direction, or
(b) to attend before the committee and to give to the committee such assistance and answer such questions as it may reasonably require,
(2) The pregnant woman shall be entitled to be heard by the review committee and, where the woman or a person acting on her behalf informs the committee that she wishes to be heard, the committee shall make such arrangements as may be necessary in order to hear the woman or a person acting on her behalf.
(3) The review committee may, subject to the provisions of this Act, determine its own procedures.
(4) The Executive shall provide, or arrange for the provision of, such administrative facilities as may be necessary to enable the review committee to perform its functions.
(5) A member of the review committee shall be paid by the Executive, out of funds at its disposal, such remuneration and such allowances for expenses as the Minister may, with the approval of the Minister for Public Expenditure and Reform, determine.
(6) A person who attends the review committee pursuant to a direction under subsection (1) shall be paid by the Executive, out of funds at its disposal, such remuneration and such allowances for expenses as the Minister may, with the approval of the Minister for Public Expenditure and Reform, determine.
(7) A person who fails or refuses, without reasonable excuse, to comply with a direction under subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on summary conviction to a class C fine.
(8) Summary proceedings for an offence under subsection (7) may be brought and prosecuted by the Executive.
Report by Executive on operation of reviews
18. (1) The Executive shall, not later than 30 June in each year, prepare and submit to the Minister a report on the operation of reviews under this Part in the immediately preceding year, and the Minister shall, as soon as may be after receiving the report, cause copies of the report to be laid before each House of the Oireachtas.
(2) Notwithstanding the generality of subsection (1), a report under this section shall, in respect of the year that is the subject of the report, include information on—
(a) the total number of applications for review under section 13 (2) received by the Executive,
(b) the number of reviews carried out,
(c) in the case of the reviews carried out, the reason why the review was sought, and
(d) the outcome of the reviews.
(3) In preparing a report under this section, the Executive shall exclude from the report information that identifies, or that could reasonably lead to the identification of—
(a) a woman who has made an application for review under section 13 (2), or in respect of whom such an application has been made by a person acting on her behalf,
(b) a person who has made an application for review under section 13 (2) on behalf of a pregnant woman, or
(c) a medical practitioner who has—
(i) made a relevant decision,
(ii) carried out a review,
(iii) complied with a direction under section 17 (1) or otherwise assisted a committee in a review, or
(iv) carried out a termination of pregnancy following a review.
(4) The Executive shall arrange for a report laid before both Houses of the Oireachtas in accordance with subsection (1) to be published in such form and manner as it thinks appropriate as soon as practicable after copies of the report are so laid.
Form of certification etc.
19. (1) A certification shall—
(a) be made in the prescribed form and manner, and
(b) contain the prescribed information which shall include—
(i) confirmation of whether the termination of pregnancy to which the certification relates was the subject of a review, and
(ii) in the case of a section 9 certification, section 10 certification or section 11 certification, the clinical grounds for carrying out the termination of pregnancy to which the certification relates.
(2) In this section, "certification" means a section 9 certification, section 10 certification, section 11 certification or section 12 certification.
20. (1) Where a termination of pregnancy is carried out in accordance with section 9 , 10 , 11 or 12 , the medical practitioner who carried out the termination of pregnancy shall—
(a) keep, or cause to be kept, a record, in the prescribed form and manner, of—
(i) the carrying out of the termination of pregnancy, and
(ii) the information specified in subsection (2),
(b) not later than 28 days after the termination of pregnancy has been carried out, forward, or cause to be forwarded, a copy of that record, or such part of that record as may be prescribed, to the Minister in such manner as may be prescribed.
(2) The following information is specified for the purposes of subsection (1)(a)(ii):
(a) the Medical Council registration number attached to the registration of the medical practitioner who carried out the termination of pregnancy;
(b) whether the termination of pregnancy was carried out pursuant to a section 9 certification, section 10 certification, section 11 certification or section 12 certification and the Medical Council registration number attached to the registration of the medical practitioner, or each of the medical practitioners, who made the certification concerned;
(c) the county of residence, or in the case of a woman who resides outside the State, the place of residence, of the pregnant woman in respect of whom the termination of pregnancy was carried out;
(d) the date on which the termination of pregnancy was carried out.
(3) The Minister shall, not later than 30 June in each year, prepare a report on the notifications received by him or her under this section during the immediately preceding year, and shall, as soon as may be after preparing the report, cause copies of the report to be laid before each House of the Oireachtas.
(4) The Minister shall arrange for a report laid before both Houses of the Oireachtas in accordance with subsection (3) to be published in such form and manner as he or she thinks appropriate as soon as practicable after copies of the report are so laid.
(5) In preparing a report under this section, the Minister shall exclude from the report information that identifies, or that could reasonably lead to the identification of—
(a) a medical practitioner referred to in subsection (2)(a) or (b), and
(b) a woman referred to in subsection (2)(c).
(6) In this section, "notification" means a copy of a record, or a part thereof, that is forwarded or caused to be forwarded to the Minister under subsection (1).
21. Nothing in this Act shall operate to affect any enactment or rule of law relating to consent to medical treatment.
Conscientious objection
22. (1) Subject to subsections (2) and (3), nothing in this Act shall be construed as obliging any medical practitioner, nurse or midwife to carry out, or to participate in carrying out, a termination of pregnancy in accordance with section 9 , 11 or 12 to which he or she has a conscientious objection.
(2) Subsection (1) shall not be construed to affect any duty to participate in a termination of pregnancy in accordance with section 10 .
(3) A person who has a conscientious objection referred to in subsection (1) shall, as soon as may be, make such arrangements for the transfer of care of the pregnant woman concerned as may be necessary to enable the woman to avail of the termination of pregnancy concerned.
(4) In this section—
"Act of 2011" means the Nurses and Midwives Act 2011 ;
"midwife" means a person whose name is for the time being registered in the midwives division of the register of nurses and midwives, or the midwife candidate division of the candidate register, established under section 46 of the Act of 2011;
"nurse" means a person whose name is for the time being registered in the nurses division of the register of nurses and midwives, or a division (other than the midwife candidate division) of the candidate register, established under section 46 of the Act of 2011.
23. (1) It shall be an offence for a person, by any means whatsoever, to intentionally end the life of a foetus otherwise than in accordance with the provisions of this Act.
(2) It shall be an offence for a person to prescribe, administer, supply or procure any drug, substance, instrument, apparatus or other thing knowing that it is intended to be used or employed with intent to end the life of a foetus, or being reckless as to whether it is intended to be so used or employed, otherwise than in accordance with the provisions of this Act.
(3) Subsections (1) and (2) shall not apply to a pregnant woman in respect of her own pregnancy.
(4) It shall be an offence for a person to aid, abet, counsel or procure a pregnant woman to intentionally end, or attempt to end, the life of the foetus of that pregnant woman otherwise than in accordance with the provisions of this Act.
(5) A person who is guilty of an offence under this section shall be liable on conviction on indictment to a fine or imprisonment for a term not exceeding 14 years, or both.
(6) A prosecution for an offence under this section may be brought only by or with the consent of the Director of Public Prosecutions.
(7) Nothing in subsection (4) shall operate to prevent or restrict access to services lawfully carried out in a place outside the State.
Offence by body corporate
24. (1) Where an offence under this Act is committed by a body corporate and it is proved that the offence was committed with the consent or connivance, or was attributable to any wilful neglect, of a person who was a director, manager, secretary or other officer of the body corporate, or a person purporting to act in that capacity, that person shall, as well as the body corporate, be guilty of an offence and may be proceeded against and punished as if he or she were guilty of the first-mentioned offence.
(2) Where the affairs of a body corporate are managed by its members, subsection (1) applies in relation to the acts and defaults of a member in connection with his or her functions of management as if he or she were a director or manager of the body corporate.
Prohibition against receiving special benefits or advantages
25. (1) A relevant person shall not receive or agree to receive, directly or indirectly, in consideration of a termination of pregnancy within or outside the State, or the making of any arrangements in relation to a termination of pregnancy within or outside the State, any special benefit or advantage.
(2) A person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence.
(3) A person who is guilty of an offence under subsection (2) shall be liable on summary conviction to a class A fine.
"relevant person" means a person who engages in or holds himself or herself out as providing information, advice or counselling (howsoever described) to members of the public in relation to termination of pregnancy within or outside the State;
"special benefit or advantage", in relation to a relevant person, means a financial or other benefit or advantage different in kind or larger in amount, size or quantity than that that would be obtainable by the relevant person in respect of information, advice or counselling in relation to termination of pregnancy provided by the relevant person over and above the reasonable costs of the provision of such information, advice or counselling.
Amendment of Health Act 1970
26. The Health Act 1970 is amended—
(a) in section 47A, by the substitution of "58B, 58D or 62A" for "58B or 58D",
(b) in section 51, in paragraph (b) of the definition of "acute in-patient services", by the substitution of "(including care and treatment in respect of motherhood or termination of pregnancy)" for "(including care and treatment in respect of motherhood)",
(c) by the insertion, in section 53C(9), of the following paragraph after paragraph (b):
"(ba) a woman receiving services for the purpose of a termination of pregnancy in accordance with section 9 , 10 , 11 or 12 of the Health (Regulation of Termination of Pregnancy) Act 2018,",
(d) by the insertion of the following section after section 62:
"Services for women in accordance with Act of 2018
62A. (1) The Health Service Executive shall make available without charge medical, surgical and midwifery services for the purpose of termination of pregnancy in accordance with section 9 , 10 , 11 or 12 of the Act of 2018 for women who are ordinarily resident in the State.
(2) The services referred to in subsection (1) shall be provided otherwise than as in-patient services.
(3) A woman entitled to receive services under this section may choose to receive them from any person who has entered into an agreement with the Health Service Executive for the provision of those services and who is willing to accept her as a patient.
(4) Subject to sections 20 and 23 of the Act of 2013, the services referred to in subsection (1) shall include the supply without charge of specified drugs, medicines and medical and surgical appliances for the purpose of a termination of pregnancy in accordance with section 9 , 10 , 11 or 12 of the Act of 2018 for the time being—
(a) standing approved by the Heath Service Executive, or
(b) on the Reimbursement List within the meaning of section 2(1) of the Act of 2013.
'Act of 2013' means Health (Pricing and Supply of Medical Goods) Act 2013;
'Act of 2018' means the Health (Regulation of Termination of Pregnancy) Act 2018.",
(e) in section 67C(7), by the insertion of the following paragraph after paragraph (b):
"(ba) a woman receiving services for the purpose of a termination of pregnancy in accordance with section 9 , 10 , 11 or 12 of the Health (Regulation of Termination of Pregnancy) Act 2018,".
Amendment of section 33 of Nursing Homes Support Scheme Act 2009
27. Section 33 (7) of the Nursing Homes Support Scheme Act 2009 is amended by the insertion of the following paragraph after paragraph (b):
"(ba) a woman in respect of a termination of pregnancy in accordance with section 9 , 10 , 11 or 12 of the Health (Regulation of Termination of Pregnancy) Act 2018,".
Amendment of Health (Pricing and Supply of Medical Goods) Act 2013
28. The Health (Pricing and Supply of Medical Goods) Act 2013 is amended—
(a) in section 20—
(i) in subsection (1), by the substitution of "section 59 or 62A" for "section 59",
(ii) in subsection (2), by the substitution of "section 59 or 62A" for "section 59", and
(iii) in subsection (3), by the substitution of "section 59 or 62A" for "section 59",
(b) in section 23, by the substitution of "section 59 or 62A" for "section 59".
Amendment of Schedule to Bail Act 1997
29. The Schedule to the Bail Act 1997 is amended by the insertion of the following paragraph after paragraph 40:
"Offences under the Health (Regulation of Termination of Pregnancy) Act 2018
41. Any offence under section 23 of the Health (Regulation of Termination of Pregnancy) Act 2018.".


text:
package org.apache.activemq.artemis.protocol.amqp.proton;

import java.util.ArrayDeque;
import java.util.Deque;

/**
 * Utility class that can generate and if enabled pool the binary tag values
 * used to identify transfers over an AMQP link.
 */
public final class AmqpTransferTagGenerator {

   public static final int DEFAULT_TAG_POOL_SIZE = 1024;

   private final Deque<byte[]> tagPool;

   private long nextTagId;
   private int maxPoolSize = DEFAULT_TAG_POOL_SIZE;

   public AmqpTransferTagGenerator() {
      this(true);
   }

   public AmqpTransferTagGenerator(boolean pool) {
      if (pool) {
         this.tagPool = new ArrayDeque<byte[]>();
      } else {
         this.tagPool = null;
      }
   }

   /**
    * Retrieves the next available tag.
    *
    * @return a new or unused tag depending on the pool option.
    */
   public synchronized byte[] getNextTag() {
      byte[] tagBytes = null;

      if (tagPool != null) {
         tagBytes = tagPool.pollFirst();
      }

      if (tagBytes == null) {
         long tag = nextTagId++;
         int size = encodingSize(tag);

         tagBytes = new byte[size];

         for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
            tagBytes[size - 1 - i] = (byte) (tag >>> (i * 8));
         }
      }

      return tagBytes;
   }

   /**
    * When used as a pooled cache of tags the unused tags should always be
    * returned once the transfer has been settled.
    *
    * @param data
    *        a previously borrowed tag that is no longer in use.
    */
   public synchronized void returnTag(byte[] data) {
      if (tagPool != null && tagPool.size() < maxPoolSize) {
         tagPool.offerLast(data);
      }
   }

   /**
    * Gets the current max pool size value.
    *
    * @return the current max tag pool size.
    */
   public int getMaxPoolSize() {
      return maxPoolSize;
   }

   /**
    * Sets the max tag pool size. If the size is smaller than the current number
    * of pooled tags the pool will drain over time until it matches the max.
    *
    * @param maxPoolSize
    *        the maximum number of tags to hold in the pool.
    */
   public void setMaxPoolSize(int maxPoolSize) {
      this.maxPoolSize = maxPoolSize;
   }

   /**
    * @return true if the generator is using a pool of tags to reduce
    *         allocations.
    */
   public boolean isPooling() {
      return tagPool != null;
   }

   private int encodingSize(long value) {
      if (value < 0) {
         return Long.BYTES;
      }

      int size = 1;
      while (size < 8 && (value >= (1L << (size * 8)))) {
         size++;
      }

      return size;
   }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Today, the Entertainment Software Association (ESA) welcomed as new members Intellivision Entertainment, Natsume Inc., Riot Games, SEGA of America, THQ Nordic, and Wizards of the Coast. The American video game industry enters the new year with its economic and social impact at an all-time high. During the last five years, the industry almost doubled in size, growing from $22.4 billion in revenue to $43.4 billion in revenue in 2018. Video games influence the world far beyond just entertainment, with numerous other industries, including education, healthcare, and engineering, using them.


text:
Consumer Industries & Corporate Services
Electronics & Microtechnology
Mobility & Logistics
Source regions of investment
Regions in Structural Transition
Framework for Business
Top Investments 2020 in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Toshiba (Japan) will be manufacturing hybrid locomotives in Rostock
The Japanese technology group Toshiba has plans to start manufacturing its hybrid locomotives in Rostock. The preparations for the assembly (in the DB Cargo maintenance workshop) are scheduled to commence in 2021. 100 vehicles have been ordered by the subsidiary of the national German railway company. The investments in this project originally lay in the mid single-digit million range, and several dozens of job opportunities will be created. The production is expected to commence in 2022.
Together with Toshiba, through the alternative drive concept with diesel and batteries, there will be new standards established for a decisive future technology, remarked Sigrid Nikutta of the DB Group Board for freight transport and DB Cargo. "We will be saving energy at a rate of 30% and at a million litres of diesel a year." The locomotives will be used mainly in shipping yards.
© nmann77 – stock.adobe.com
Polish food producer builds factory in Anklam
The Polish food producer Vici Polska will be manufacturing breakfast products for the Asian and East European markets in Anklam (Vorpommern-Greifswald). The company has invested 18 million Euros in the building of a factory. Construction is scheduled to begin in early 2021; production work will begin in early 2022 with 110 jobs being created.
One reason of the decision for Anklam can be explained in the words of the managing director Ireneusz Ozga i.e. the label "Made in Germany". Ozga claimed that the products are unique and of highest quality – products for savvy consumers. He commented: "We want to emphasise this via the location in Germany and the label "Made in Germany" .
The Vici Polska group of companies was founded in 2012; it is a leading exporter of food products for the Asian market. The company has experience in trading breakfast cereals and dairy products with China, Hong Kong, South Korea, and Taiwan. But it has also established itself in Lithuania, Romania and the Ukraine. As for its activities in the commercial and industrial sector in Anklam (South East), the construction of a zero-emissions building with a production and storage area 4,000 m2 in size is scheduled.
Source: Vici Polska
Norwegian investor has plans for a yoghurt factory
Vegan yoghurt, desserts and drinks will be manufactured in Anklam soon. The main investor is Norway's Rønneberg Group, led by managing director Harry Rønneberg. But Vici Polska also is one of the shareholders of the new company (Plant A).
The plant will produce high quality food based on vegetable raw materials which resemble dairy products such as yoghurt, drinks and desserts made from soy, almond and coconut milk. In the perspective, production from oat milk in particular will be expanded, with raw materials obtained directly from the region. This involves working closely together with the Neubrandenburg College. The products will then be distributed in the German market.The total investment will be initially around six million Euros. Building is expected to start as soon as 2021; the first production work could start after eight months. It is expected that 25-30 highly qualified jobs will be created in the factory.
Source: Plant A
Center Parcs will build a new parc in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
The interest has been there for years – and it has always been a mutual interest. Mecklenburg-Vorpommern always achieved its ambitious goals in tourism and still is tourism destination No. 1 in Germany. But a holiday parc in a dimension like Center Parcs was always missing.
The gap will be filled as negotiations between Center Parcs and the State have been finalised successfully. Close to the peninsula Darss a new parc will be built for some 220 Mio. € investment by Center Parcs. The State supports the investment with additional infrastructure in the region.
The investor chose a former military base close to the city of Ribnitz-Damgarten for his strategic growth in Germany. The founder Gérard Brémond chose the site himself during a visit in January 2020.
The investment will provide more than 175 direct jobs within the holiday parc and will create additional indirect jobs in the region.
© Center Parcs
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Electric Bike-Car Hybrids a New Delivery Trend German Ministry Funds Three Massive Green H2 Projects

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


According to the archaeologists, several huge blocks of worked peperino stone may have helped support an awning system (velarium) to shade audience from the sun, similar to the Colosseum in Rome.
Scrape le da el nombre de calcareous peperino a un conglomerado volcanico compuesto de fragmentos de basalto y escoria (sin pomez o sin material traquitico), unidos ya sea por adhesion o simplemente por cemento calcareo o arcilloso, originalmente blando de origen lacustrino que fue perturbado por la intrusion.
But a high wall constructed of rusticated peperino and travertine ashlars, still visible in the southern corner, insulated the enclosure from the external din and distractions of the area.


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text:
Futurithmic podcast
The next killer 5G app
(with Simon Buckingham)
Podcast episode 40
Radio Public
The next "killer app" will run on a 5G network.
Simon Buckingham of development house, Nonvoice Agency, says that developers need support — and possibly deep pockets — if they're going to leverage the high speed, low latency, and power of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
Below is a transcript of this conversation. Some parts have been edited for clarity.
Michael Hainsworth: 5G stands on the edge of a brave new world, one that will be built by app developers. Simon Buckingham represents more than 40 coders champing at the bit to build that world for us. As the CEO of Nonvoice Agency, it's his job to shepherd young programmers through the process of creating the next killer app. But he says that just like the evolution from 3G to 4G, we need to understand the evolving needs of the developer community under 5G. And before we can build that 5G future, we have to understand the past.
Simon Buckingham: In the beginning of the app store, a lot of the apps were utilities. You had a lot of note taking apps like Evernote, you had your first financial apps like Mint, you had a bunch of quite useful utility. Shazam could recognize your song. You had your first games that were coming out, like Angry Birds and things like that, so you had a lot of pretty good innovation in the beginning of the apps world in 3G.
And then as we moved to 4G, we really started to see video. Video streaming, video apps like Netflix. You started to see Zoom, and Teams, and those types of video conferencing apps were launched around the LTE era because you had a lot more bandwidth and capability. Dating apps like Tinder started to come to the floor and things like that. So, there was again another wave of innovation as we moved to 4G, and we first started to see more richer and deeper games experiences. I'm thinking about Roblox, and Pokemon Go. I'm thinking about those types of experiences that took a simple game mechanic and moved it to a whole other level.
What we're seeing with 5G is a whole other iteration again. We're starting to see ultra high definition video, ray-rendered videos, we're starting to see augmented reality effects becoming a lot more prevalent. We're starting to see multiple video chats concurrently during a game, or multiple video chats while a grandparent reads a child a book, and you can see the expression and you can read together.
And we're also starting, I think, to see a lot more innovation around augmented reality, so I think the killer application for 5G is augmented reality. I think the two technologies go together hand in glove, like mac and cheese, like bangers and mash, peanut butter and jelly - whatever your analogy is wherever you come from in the world. But we're finding that augmented reality really shows off the 5G capability because what you're doing is you're overlaying digital experiences on top of physical experiences.
MH: That's fascinating, you mention the 3G to 4G evolution, and the innovation from that leap was largely because of the bandwidth increase, the speed increase, the throughput increase we got gave us that video capability in a way we never had before.
Now, 4G to 5G, it's not just a massive speed increase, it's also ultra low latency, and it's also ultra low power devices not having to rely on an always-on connection. But it strikes me that you're suggesting the killer app in 5G has less to do with the super speed or the low power, it has everything to do with this ultra low latency where we're going from hundreds of milliseconds round trip for a bit, to one millisecond.
SB: Yes, I think you make a very good point. Speed always helps. These 10x transitions from 4G to 5G undoubtedly is going to enable a lot richer experiences. But I totally agree with you, Michael, I think that the low latency, what we call Mobile Edge Compute, ultimately you got to understand that the world we're living in - You're gonna have a pair of glasses which are gonna be the ultimate thin client. They're really gonna do nothing but sense your retinas and that kind of thing. All of the computation will move into the network. Everything will essentially come from the cloud as we evolve 5G and as augmented reality, and indeed virtual reality, become more prevalent. So I agree, those types of applications and innovation can only work in an ultra low latency environment.
The more usage you get, the more success you get, the higher your cloud costs could end up being.
MH: So then, what role does the evolution of cloud technology, from that vast, distant data center, to edge cloud, to near edge cloud, to far edge cloud... What does that ultimately mean for an app developer?
SB: The app developers that we work with at Nonvoice, we represent about 40 app developers in our agency, 40 of the best ones, and they love the fact that they can do more. They have more computational power at their fingertips, so they can do a lot more processing of experiences, and deliver richer, more interactive experiences. But, they also ask me all the time, "Well, what about the costs?"
At the moment, I'm using the device to do a lot of the work for me, and I'm a little bit worried if everything happens in the cloud, that actually has a lot of cost implications for an application developer because a lot of the apps are free [to download]. So actually, the more usage you get, the more success you get, the higher your cloud costs could end up being.
So one of the things I'm watching very carefully is how the mobile edge compute costs come down over time because that will actually have a big impact on the viability of a lot of the innovation that I'm talking about. So, that's one thing that we need to watch because if you're a young app developer with a very innovative app and a great idea, obviously you need to be able to fund that, scale that, offer that on a wide scale. Millimeter wave and ultra mid-band capacity, the fact that US telcos just spent $80 billion plus on mid-band 5G spectrum... The economics can't be underplayed either because obviously that money has to be paid back as well in some way, shape, or form. We're constantly balancing economics and innovation but as always, I think innovation will win.
MH: That's fascinating that as we move into 5G, the consumer is concerned that that 10x jump in throughput and bandwidth capability means that suddenly they're going to blow through their data caps. It sounds like the developer community has the exact same concern!
SB: Absolutely, yeah! Because on all of these experiences, we're moving to a world in which spatial computing, augmented reality, virtual reality, high speed video conferencing, avatars, all of these things, if you have a digital twin, what's going to happen to your data plan? Is it going to double because you send off your electronic helpers to run errands for you? We don't really know the cost implications yet because obviously the amount of bandwidth you're going to use will increase. Already, studies from around the world have shown that 5G device users are using significantly more, double digits more, data already just naturally.
Over time, as more of these experiences are released, I think you're gonna see a significant amount of incremental data usage, which is a good thing but obviously also has a cost implication for the telcos. You think about education, health, you think about working, you think about all the things now that we do from home, that are done remotely that we used to probably go to the office, or we might be going to the doctors office, or we might be attending school in person, all of these things have transformed themselves into remote and digital experiences. So, the wonderful thing is that 5G came at just the right time to enable a lot of those experiences.
MH: Do CSPs understand the revolving role in all of this from dumb pipe under 3G, and certainly lesser but still to a degree under 4G, into a full on app partner in 5G?
SB: The telcos, the communication service providers we talk to, they understand. They're saying, "Okay, look, we're going to have to provide networks for licensing in order to give more capability. We're actually gonna have to provide cloud rendering at the edge of our network. We're going to have to evolve our infrastructure to support these applications."
So I do believe the CSPs have some visibility of it, but inevitably they'll be surprised, I think, by how innovative the app developers are, and the requirements that the app developer needs. Because app developers need to know what capabilities are available at any given moment. As you're moving around, if you're moving from a 5G network ultra wide-band and you're moving into 5G mid-band, then maybe you're moving out of 5G in its entirety and you're on an LTE 4G network, all of those changes have implications for the app developer experience that they're trying to deliver. One of the questions our app developers constantly ask me is, "Can you provide a stasis flag for the telco capabilities and telco availability?" So, those kinds of traffic lights, that type of traffic signal, is it green for go, red for stop, or orange? These types of capabilities need to be worked out because they're becoming more and more important as we move forward and we encourage this innovation.
MH: So much of the innovation that is taking place takes place behind the scenes between those various levels of the core, all the way out to the radio access network. So that's the kind of software technology that telecommunication equipment providers have been working on in conjunction with the CSPs who have bought their gear. Who, though, should be responsible for building the API ecosystem so app developers can drag and drop the necessary components to build their 5G apps that leverage all of the new components that make up 5G?
SB: Yeah, I think right now to be honest, Michael, it's a little too early to know. Nonvoice, we have actually started to provide some APIs to our app developers because they've asked us for things like attribution. They wanna know where downloads are happening from, they wanna know where revenues are getting generated from, they wanna be able to track things a lot more carefully.
I think that there needs to be a lot more work done because it needs to be uniform. What you want to do is, you want to have a single access point to everything, and right now that doesn't exist. So I think we need a little bit more ecosystem collaboration from the GSMA and MEF, the Mobile Ecosystem Forum, some of the other trade and industry groups, 3GPP, etc. need to come together. Because at the moment, there are certain CSPs that are working with AWS, some are partnering with Microsoft Azure, some of them are obviously working with Google Cloud, others are working with proprietary mobile edge compute platforms like Mobile Edge X. And then simultaneously with that you have a whole bunch of innovation in the O-RAN, the Open Ran, and obviously Nokia, there's innovation from there.
So, basically what we need to do as an industry... I don't think people have really understood yet just how much innovation there's gonna be from 5G and how much more richness and capabilities are needed for app developers to deliver innovative new experiences. So I think there's still work to be done.
MH: If the killer app from 3G to 4G was video that took advantage of the throughput, and your suggestion that the killer app for 5G involves ultra low latency, things like augmented reality, what are the challenges here? Let's talk about that, and start by explaining the percentage of the overall app revenue pie that you think is going to come from, say, Industry 4.0-based apps versus the kind of apps that are more consumer driven.
SB: I think we'll probably be somewhere 50/50. I think there's a tremendous number of great enterprise apps. We work with some people who are doing a lot of blockchain-related innovation, in digital couponing, you see a lot of volumetric video applications, which can apply both to enterprise and consumer, where you have a lot of cameras and you're able to try on clothes, try on shoes, and do things like that in a retail environment. You see a lot of innovation around training and education because you can't easily jump on a plane and repair something anymore, so by being able to look at that and the overlayer schematic on top of it, to help somebody repair something is a tremendously valuable capability.
That being said, I think there's a tremendous amount of consumer innovation as well, a lot of it driven by the pandemic, because as I said, learning a lot of 3D and augmented reality books... My two year old son talks to my mom in England via Caribou, which is a video calling app with two video windows that open, and books. My mom reads to my son and they're doing it thousands of miles apart, things like that. Great little acts like that. On the consumer side they require quite a lot of bandwidth as well. So, I'm probably equally enthusiastic about enterprise and consumer. I don't know, it probably won't be 50/50, Michael, but in simplistic terms I think they're both going to be big buckets of opportunity.
The biggest issue with IoT has always been the chicken and egg scenario.
MH: So what are the challenges then, in developing apps that leverage URLLC, that ultra-reliable low-latency communication?
SB: Two things, one: availability, there's availability on a nationwide basis. So, obviously you have to think as a developer, "Okay, I'm gonna build something in a lab environment, or I'm gonna build something in an incubator type environment, but I wanna scale that out nationwide. At what point is there going to be enough millimeter wave or enough mobile edge compute instances where I've always got remote GPUs available to me?"
So, availability is one and, as I think I mentioned earlier, cost will be the other one. Who's paying for that capability, and how much is it gonna cost because there is a cost to all of that infrastructure. And at the end of the day, somebody's gonna pay for it. Whether it's Google and Apple who pay for it, or the CSPs, or the app developers, or a combination thereof, I think remains to be figured out.
MH: You mentioned that URLLC gives us the ability to leverage volumetric video, the idea of understanding video in, maybe not 360 degrees but- three dimensions. A lot of that kind of technology is already sitting in the palms of many of our hands thanks to the addition of Lidar based technologies in our smartphones and things like that. What role do the device manufacturers play in the innovation that comes out of 5G?
SB: The device manufacturers are pivotal, really. Like it or not, whenever Apple does anything, all of a sudden everything becomes a lot more real and a lot more serious. So, as soon as Apple started to put Lidar sensors in their high end iPads and iPhones, all of a sudden the augmented reality industry, which has been around to be honest, for years and years and years, suddenly reached a bit of a tipping point, and started to take off. All of a sudden when you have a Lidar scanner, the customization that you can give to the experience is extraordinary. Because you can put things on the surface of a table, you can put things on a wall, on a ceiling. You can really really create a much richer experience in AR when done in combination with Lidar. And I really think that the handset manufacturers need to continue to build those types of capabilities in.
We believe that over time, the Lidar sensor, which is quite basic at the moment, will get better and better and better, and therefore those experiences will get richer and richer and richer. And when you think about the glasses, which are just basically a screen with a couple of sensors, and all the computing is done via the ultra low latency cloud, it's gonna be a totally different environment to the way applications are processed, delivered, consumed now. And it will only work if all those enablers across the ecosystem are in place. That's how we deliver those truly innovative, brand new experiences for enterprises and consumers, I think.
MH: We're going to be able to take those Lidar sensors, those laser radar sensors, put them in a tiny little box, stick them in the corner of a room and be able to accurately indicate the number of people in a room, whatever that occupancy is. All sorts of other types of sensors as well that won't leverage ultra low latency, as much as they'll leverage the ultra low power requirements that goes with 5G as well. So, what do you see as app development in IoT looking like?
SB: 5G will enable, because of its bandwidth, its availability, I think IoT will continue to spread. I think we'll see more and more smart applications. Everything delivered into the home will be done through a wireless sensor. There won't be any meter reading now. All of these home appliances, smart home appliances, will be turning everything on and off automatically, whether it's thermostats, or heaters, or coolers, or whatever. So I just think that over time things will get smarter, and more intelligent, and more automated. And again, that experience will be something that consumers will really enjoy, I think. It will be a significant upgrade from what we currently experience, what we've experienced for the last 50 years. We've probably done things in the same way for a large amount of time. And I think 5G is actually going to enable that jump. If we get the standards right, if we get interoperability between devices right, if we get cost right, because you're right about the little Lidar sensors, but they need to be pennies. They need to be significantly less expensive so that they ultimately just get embedded into every room and every environment.
As you know, the biggest issue with IoT has always been the chicken and egg scenario. The hardware needs to get cheap enough for the applications to be worth doing. We're getting to that point now with Raspberry Pi. I see a large number of my application developers working with Raspberry Pi devices, whether it's to synchronize live music in remote environments, or whether it's to put it in a remote control vehicle and be able to patrol that vehicle by the phone. So we need more device proliferation and lower cost devices, and we need 5G to be built into devices like that. And then all of a sudden, we'll see that prevalence in conjunction with the telcos closing down their 3G networks, which then forces any legacy devices, like fire alarm systems, to be upgraded into the high speed networks. So we need to look at all of these things, Michael, for the ecosystem to evolve, I think.
MH: I am of an age where I do not know life before the invention of the microwave oven. A kitchen, in my world, has never existed without one. And that was sort of a world changing advance in culinary, positive or negative depending on your opinion. But, in a similar vein, social media made a huge wholesale change in the way the world operates. It strikes me that what you're saying is 5G is going to make those same sort of wholesale changes to society that we couldn't have predicted when Mark Zuckerberg opened up Facebook to the world in 2007, or the microwave was invented in the '60s.
SB: I think you're absolutely right. Having immersed myself in 5G over the last year or so, I've become more and more enthused by it, more and more intrigued. You have to understand, these are 20-something year old developers that are using a lot of tools like Unity and building things that, when I was a kid, on my Acorn computer and 64K, I was never able to do. But the kids today, in their 20s, they're totally immersed, and they're building experiences and using tools and using capabilities that we can't even imagine.
So as a country, what we really need to do is figure out how we put that infrastructure in place to allow that innovation to flourish? Because believe you me, the app developers will find a way of delivering it. They'll innovate, they'll create. I really do believe that, having spoken to a lot of the young people that we represent, that we work with that I speak to. But, we need to make sure that there is a little bit of coordination to make sure that that infrastructure is available universally, at scale, at a reasonable cost.
MH: So then what do app developers need from CSPs in this relationship?
SB: Well, to be honest app developers don't need anything. They just need a network, fairly ubiquitous, fairly reliable, fairly good. That's a bit of a flippant answer, but in essence it's the truth. But, to the extent that CSPs can provide remote cloud rendering capabilities and network slicing and those other things, particularly cloud rendering, I think they would be very valuable additions to the ecosystem.
MH: What then, do app developers need from the telecom equipment providers, like Nokia?
SB: They need to understand what that equipment can give them. They need millimeter wave and they need network slicing. All of those things need to be supported by that equipment. They need interoperability, they need privacy, they wanna make sure they're transmitting data over a secure network, you know, cyber security. They also need, to some degree, authentication. I see a huge need over time, if I send my avatar out into the world, my question is always, "How do you authenticate that that is in fact a digital representative of Simon Buckingham out there?" So, in my opinion, there's a huge amount of value that could be added by CSPs and network infrastructure providers in authentication of a user's identity, and protection of a user's privacy.
MH: Simon, this has been fascinating. Thank you for your time, if you are in fact Simon Buckingham.
SB: We will never know, we'll never know.
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Рвање грчко-римским стилом је било један од спортова на Олимпијским играма 1896.. Одржано је у организацији Пододбора МОК-а за рвање и гимнастику 10. и 11. априла.

Такмичари нису били подељени у тежинске категорије. Такође, није било прецизних правила. Време борбе није било ограничено, и иако се мислило да се такмичења одвијају у грчко-римски стилу, такмичарима је било дозвољено и хватање испод појаса, што је касније било карактеристично за слободан стил.

Земље учеснице
Учествовало је 5 такмичара из 4 земље.

  Немачка (1}
  Уједињено Краљевство(1)
  Грчка {2}
  Мађарска (1)

Медаље су додељене ретроактивно од МОКа, јер су на Олимпијским играма 1896. медаље добијали само победници сребрну, другопласирани бронзану, а трећи нису добијали никакву награду.

Биланс медаља

Уједињено Краљевство и Мађарска нису освојили ниједну медаљу.

Спољашње везе

 Званични сајт Олимпијских игара (90-91 страница)

Рвање
1896

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Science Fiction & Fantasy Books > Fantasy Epics
Bane Of Black Sword
(Part of the The Elric Saga (#5) Series and Drakar & Demoner (#25) Series)
by Michael Moorcock
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Stormbringer is brought Home!Elric returns to Yishana, and finds peace at last. Meanwhile, at the world's rim, dragging red horror in its wake, a horde unimaginable moves on the fabled, gentle,... This description may be from another edition of this product.
Release Date:December 1983
Publisher:Penguin Publishing Group
Contemporary Fantasy Fantasy Epics Fiction Literature & Fiction Science Fiction & Fantasy
The Bane of the Black Sword is also a collection. The Stealer of Souls Kings in Darkness The Flamebringers (also called The Caravan of Forgotten Dreams) To Rescue Tanelorn The first three are adventures with Elric and Moonglum, and the latter is actually a story of Rackhir the Red Archer, one of the worthy individuals the Eternal Champion meets from time to time.
5 of 6: The setup for Stormbringer.
Michael Moorcock, The Bane of the Black Sword (DAW, 1977)The fifth of the six classic Elric novels picks up, as is usual with these books, where the fourth leaves off. Moorcock sets the last pieces of the puzzle into place (and here, we get a chance to see how everything that has come before is building to the climactic novel, Stormbringer), introducing us to Zarozinia, the love of Elric's life (and most of his motivation for continuing on the path upon which he was set in The Vanishing Tower). Much of this is setup for Stormbringer, but that's in no way to say this isn't good stuff. Once again, Moorcock takes his already intriguing concepts that he's built up throughout the series (unique hero, solid motivation, the excellent concept of the Eternal Champion, et al) and adds a few more twists and turns, to make them even more intriguing than they already were. Unfortunately, the series' main problem-its penchant for not going into detail on some of the truly fun stuff mentioned (e.g., the Forest of Troos, in the barren land of Org, where Elric and Zarozinia meet, both trying like mad to avoid the denizens of the forest)-is here in spades. But there's enough detail for the reader to get the general gist of what's going on and eventually hope Moorcock will write some stories set in Elric's world that have to do with these ancillary details. This would not be unprecedented; a story with Elric's friend Rackhir as its main character is included as an epilogue to one of the books, for example.There is one other annoying thing about the series I haven't yet touched on. It's ultimately annoying that Elric, no matter what he's faced with, has some form of supernatural ally who can help him with it. (You're attacked by lizardmen who are unaffected by normal weapons? Call on the god of the insects and get the help of millions of mosquitoes!) Never fails. This particular convention pops up in a number of places in the series, not just here.Still, overall, the book is good, it's readable, and the payoff, in Stormbringer, is astounding. ****
Interesting monster and magic users. Cool plot. Different from the pompous books of Terry brroks or the rambling of tolkien.Strikes the perfect balance between fun and serious thought.Adventure and plot.Locations and personalities.No boring social justice themes or about how hard life was etc.Awesome action.Monstrous summonings.Great stuff, stear clear of anything with Von Bek or Erekose and Moorcock will treat you well. M favorite fantasy author bar none.
I was not a fantasy fan before I read this series. Now I am hooked. Too bad they are not all this good. It has qualities that writers of any genre would envy. Read them all... you will not be disappointed. Very fluid delivery, crisp, entertaining, and engrossing.


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AllEditorialViewpoints
[Editorial] Act honorably
Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe still does not get it: The best way to regain the country's honor is to own up to its history and sincerely apologize for its past wrongdoings.In an interview with the conservative daily Sankei Shimbun published Thursday, Abe noted that Japan's honor has been greatly damaged because of groundless testimony by Seiji Yoshida that was spread abroad. Yoshida is a former Japanese sold...
Attempts to whitewash history further stain Japan's honor
Updated : Nov 23, 2014 - 13:16
Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe still does not get it: The best way to regain the country's honor is to own up to its history and sincerely apologize for its past wrongdoings.
In an interview with the conservative daily Sankei Shimbun published Thursday, Abe noted that Japan's honor has been greatly damaged because of groundless testimony by Seiji Yoshida that was spread abroad. Yoshida is a former Japanese soldier who claimed to have rounded up women from Jejudo Island to work as sex slaves for the Japanese military during World War II. Noting that there is a need to demand fair judgment from the international community and to rectify Yoshida's erroneous testimony, Abe said that there would be a more active dissemination of strategic diplomatic message.
In August, the liberal Asahi Shimbun retracted articles written in the 1980s and '90s based on interviews with Yoshida and while some of his claims had already been disputed by scholars, the conservatives held up the newspaper's retraction to press their argument that military sexual slavery was entirely fabricated and that the women were prostitutes who worked in brothels on their own volition.
Armed with "proof" that the Japanese had been wronged by erroneous reporting, the right-wing elements in Japan pressed the government and the Asahi Shimbun to make things right. A ruling party lawmaker demanded, "I want (the Asahi) to take measures to restore the situation to its state before trust in Japan is lost."
While the conservatives in Japan use Yoshida's now-discredited testimony to try to deny history, the women who survived the brutal military sexual slavery are living proof that the atrocity was very real.
Shamelessly, Japan last month sent Kuni Sato, its human rights ambassador, to meet with Radhika Coomaraswamy, a former U.N. special rapporteur on violence against women who authored a 1996 report that called on Japan to apologize and compensate the former sex slaves. The Sri Lankan lawyer outright rejected the request.
In an interview with the Yomiuri Shimbun, Coomaraswamy said the Asahi Shimbun's retraction did not necessitate a revision of the 1996 report, explaining that the report was based on testimonies of a large number of "comfort women" and that Yoshida's testimony, while it was cited in the report, did not play a significant role in reaching its conclusions.
Other scholars have expressed similar views. The four U.S. experts who were involved in the drafting of the 2007 U.S. House Resolution 121, which calls on the Japanese government to apologize to the former military sex slaves and include curriculum about them in Japanese schools, are reported to have said that Abe is overestimating the Asahi Shimbun's role. The Wall Street Journal reported the experts as saying that a careful look at the facts "will refute the view of the Japanese history revisionists." The experts also expressed concern that the Abe government appears to hold the view that the Yoshida account "colored all understanding of the comfort women tragedy."
If Abe does indeed launch an all-out publicity campaign denying the existence of the military sexual slavery, it will be met with international scorn and ridicule and bring further dishonor to Japan and the Japanese people.
It is high time Abe realizes that the only way to regain Japan's honor is to acknowledge its past, apologize and take responsibility. There just is no other way.


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@RISK Newsletter for September 23, 2021
Vol. 21, Num. 38
MOST PREVALENT MALWARE FILES September 23-30, 2021
TOP VULNERABILITY THIS WEEK: Threat actor steals TTPs, targets government and military organizations in Asia
SELECTED BY THE TALOS SECURITY INTELLIGENCE AND RESEARCH GROUP
Title: Operation: ArmorPiercer hits Indian subcontinent
Description: Cisco Talos recently discovered a malicious campaign we're calling "Operation: ArmorPiercer" targeting government employees and military personnel in the Indian subcontinent with two commercial and commodity RAT families known as NetwireRAT (aka NetwireRC) and WarzoneRAT (aka Ave Maria). The attackers delivered a variety of lures to their targets, predominantly posing as guides related to Indian governmental infrastructure and operations such as Kavach and I.T.-related guides in the form of malicious Microsoft Office documents and archives (RARs, ZIPs) containing loaders for the RATs. This campaign illustrates another instance of a highly motivated threat actor using a set of commercial and commodity RAT families to infect their victims. These RATs are packed with many features out-of-the-box to achieve comprehensive control over the infected systems. It is also highly likely that these malware families establish footholds into the victim's networks to deploy additional plugins and modules.
Reference: https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2021/09/operation-armor-piercer.html
Snort SIDs: 58115 - 58119
Title: Proof-of-concept code in the wild for remote code execution vulnerability in VMWare vCenter
Description: A remote code execution vulnerability for VMWare vCenter is circulating on the internet and actively being exploited in the wild. CVE-2021-22005 can allow an attacker to open a reverse shell on a vulnerable server, allowing them to remotely execute arbitrary code. VCenter is a server virtualization management platform that allows users to manage VMs and containers. Working proof-of-concept code became available online Tuesday, Sept. 28. VMWare disclosed this vulnerability and patched it last week. This vulnerability is considered critical, with a CVSS severity score of 9.8 out of a possible 10.
Reference: https://threatpost.com/working-exploit-vmware-vcenter-cve-2021-22005/175059/
Snort SID: 58217 - 58219
This year has already set a record for the number of zero-day vulnerabilities discovered by security researchers, according to a new report.
https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/09/23/1036140/2021-record-zero-day-hacks-reasons/
Microsoft added a new feature to Exchange Server that automatically applies interim mitigations for high-risk vulnerabilities.
https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/microsoft/new-microsoft-exchange-service-mitigates-high-risk-bugs-automatically/
A security researcher published three unpatched vulnerabilities in iOS last week that attackers could use to steal personal information.
https://www.vice.com/en/article/k78dpx/researcher-publishes-source-code-for-three-unpatched-iphone-exploits
The National Security Agency and other U.S. federal agencies encourage their users to use ad blockers on their web browsers.
https://gizmodo.com/even-the-nsa-agrees-targeted-ads-are-terrifying-1847733298
US state and local governments looking to hire cybersecurity professionals are struggling to compete with salaries offered by private sector organizations.
https://apnews.com/article/business-technology-internships-0d7fc0ee18295585292b2e13b62e88f3
Chinese regulators banned all cryptocurrency transactions and mining last week.
https://www.reuters.com/world/china/china-central-bank-vows-crackdown-cryptocurrency-trading-2021-09-24/
The Port of Houston, Texas, successfully fended off a cyberattack recently.
https://www.infosecurity-magazine.com/news/port-of-houston-quells-cyberattack/
The National Institute of Standards and Technology plans to release new guidelines in 2022 to steer federal agencies toward a zero-trust approach to cybersecurity.
https://www.fedscoop.com/nist-cybersecurity-practice-guide-2022/
Leaders from Australia, Japan, India and the U.S. have "pledge[d] to work together to combat cyber threats, promote resilience and secure [their] critical infrastructure."
https://www.cyberscoop.com/quad-china-cyber-australia-india-japan/
COMPILED BY TALOS SECURITY INTELLIGENCE AND RESEARCH GROUP
SHA 256: c1d5a585fce188423d31df3ea806272f3daa5eb989e18e9ecf3d94b97b965f8e
MD5: 9a4b7b0849a274f6f7ac13c7577daad8
VirusTotal: https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/c1d5a585fce188423d31df3ea806272f3daa5eb989e18e9ecf3d94b97b965f8e/details
Typical Filename: ww31.exe
Claimed Product: N/A
Detection Name: W32.GenericKD:Attribute.24ch.1201
SHA 256: 6c62b768d8b22888724288af038bc0b6e55280ddbbe42a436cdf68889346df18
MD5: 830ffb393ba8cca073a1c0b66af78de5
VirusTotal: https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/6c62b768d8b22888724288af038bc0b6e55280ddbbe42a436cdf68889346df18/details
Typical Filename: smbscanlocal0902.exe
Detection Name: MS17010::mURLin::W32.Auto:6c62b768d8.in03.Talos
SHA 256: 8b4216a7c50599b11241876ada8ae6f07b48f1abe6590c2440004ea4db5becc9
MD5: 34560233e751b7e95f155b6f61e7419a
VirusTotal: https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/8b4216a7c50599b11241876ada8ae6f07b48f1abe6590c2440004ea4db5becc9/details
Typical Filename: SAntivirusService.exe
Claimed Product: A n t i v i r u s S e r v i c e
Detection Name: PUA.Win.Dropper.Segurazo::tpd
SHA 256: 9f1f11a708d393e0a4109ae189bc64f1f3e312653dcf317a2bd406f18ffcc507
MD5: 2915b3f8b703eb744fc54c81f4a9c67f
VirusTotal: https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/9f1f11a708d393e0a4109ae189bc64f1f3e312653dcf317a2bd406f18ffcc507/details
Typical Filename: VID[1].dat
Detection Name: Win.Worm.Coinminer::1201
SHA 256: fad16599a866f466bdeff2a716b9aa79faa6677f2895f0b262cf9402deb4b66c
MD5: 04c1f4395f80a3890aa8b12ebc2b4855
VirusTotal: https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/fad16599a866f466bdeff2a716b9aa79faa6677f2895f0b262cf9402deb4b66c/details
Typical Filename: zReXhNb
Detection Name: Auto.FAD16599A8.241842.in07.Talos


text:
No:522/20, Information of the Press Service Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Azerbaijan on the meeting of Minister Jeyhun Bayramov with the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Islamic Republic of Iran Mohammad Javad Zarif
On January 25, 2021, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Azerbaijan Jeyhun Bayramov met with the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Islamic Republic of Iran Mohammad Javad Zarif during the latter's working visit to Baku. The meeting with the participation of delegations from both sides primarily focused on the bilateral cooperation agenda, as well as regional issues.
Minister Jeyhun Bayramov stressed that the existing historical, cultural and religious ties between our countries form the basis of bilateral cooperation. It was noted that continues support of Iran to the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Azerbaijan, as well as the inviolability of its borders, particularly the support of the Islamic Republic of Iran at all levels, including at the level of the people during the 44-day Patriotic War has been highly appreciated by the Azerbaijani people. Minister Jeyhun Bayramov stated that relations between the two countries are close, and even in the current pandemic situation, such contacts intensively continue.
Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif extended his gratitude for the rendered hospitality. He expressed satisfaction with his visit to Baku decades later when Azerbaijan liberated its territories from occupation. It was noted that the end of the occupation of the territories has created a good opportunity for peace, tranquility and cooperation in the region, and it imperative to take advantage of using this opportunity. Referring to his meeting with the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif stressed that the leaders of the two countries have very fruitful relations. It was noted that there are no restrictions on the development of bilateral relations, and the existing cooperation in economic, energy, trade, agriculture and other fields is in the interests of the respective nations.
During the meeting, the ministers discussed the current situation in the region, the implementation of the trilateral statements of November 10, 2020 and January 11, 2021. It was noted that new opportunities for cooperation have been opened up in the region, including the prospects for the development of North-South and South-West transport and transit corridors.
Referring to the activities of the State Commission for Economic, Trade and Humanitarian Cooperation, especially the successful results of the latest meeting in Tehran, it was noted that such activities serve to strengthen economic ties between the two neighboring countries.
The sides exchanged views on cooperation within international organizations, as well as the continuation of contacts in the formats of trilateral and quadrilateral regional cooperation.
The ministers also discussed other issues of mutual interest.
https://www.mfa.gov.az/en/news/7147/view


but they have another ez installer download, on the same page, not called ez installer, which says "Use this tool to create a Windows 7 installation file with USB 3.0 drivers preloaded for 100 series motherboards.
rab: so he kept driving the nose over parking stops?
b) who buys it after thinking its a good thing and not an abused bmw?
it just turns into a linkto a local dir?


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09/17/19 VIDEO: Young Condemns Discovery of Fetal Remains in Home of South Bend Abortionist
09/13/19 VIDEO: Young Offers Help to Hoosiers Pursuing International Adoptions
09/12/19 Young, Van Hollen, Cardin, Graham Urge Trump to Act on Kashmir Crisis
09/11/19 Young, Murphy, Bipartisan Senators Urge Saudi Arabia to Live Up to U.N. Funding Commitment to Prevent Thousands of Deaths in Yemen
09/11/19 Young-Duckworth Bill to Provide TSA Precheck to Disabled Veterans Passes the Senate
09/11/19 Young and Braun Vote to Confirm Hoosier Stephen Akard for Director of the Office of Foreign Missions
09/11/19 Young Releases Statement on Anniversary of 9/11
09/10/19 PHOTOS: Senators Young and King Visit Saudi Arabia, UAE, Oman, and U.S. Military Forces in the Gulf
09/04/19 Indiana to Receive More Than $18 Million to Combat Opioid Epidemic
08/30/19 Young Applauds USDA Disaster Designation for Indiana Counties
08/30/19 Senator Young Statement on Labor Day
08/19/19 PHOTOS: Young holds Tobacco 21 Press Conference with Students at Floyd Central High School
08/06/19 Senator Young to Host Academy Day Events for Students Interested in Attending U.S. Military Academies
08/05/19 Young Statement on Addressing Underlying Causes of Gun Violence
08/05/19 Senator Young's Staff Holding Mobile Office Hours in Central Indiana
08/05/19 Young Op-Ed: Indiana Courts at Full Strength for First Time in Years
08/04/19 Young Statement on Shootings in Texas and Ohio
08/02/19 Young, Menendez Introduce Bipartisan Legislation to Strengthen U.S. Efforts in Ending Global Tuberculosis Epidemic
08/01/19 Young, Van Hollen Introduce Legislation to Preserve Limits on Russia's Strategic Nuclear Arsenal
08/01/19 Young Votes to Advance President Trump's Bipartisan Budget Deal
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text:
Waqar Zaka
Waqar Zaka Accuses Sharmeen and Shoaib of Cashing Pakistan's Bad Image
Celebrity, Waqar Zaka By neelam
Waqar Zaka is most commonly known as the host for the show called "Living on the edge" ever since then he became a social activist and is known to make the headlines on and off because of something he said or did or was done to him anyway he has done it again, this time he has slammed the academy award winner Sharmeen Obaid and critically acclaimed director Shoaib Mansoor for cashing Pakistan's bad image. In his recent video Waqar Zaka claims that in the name of 'awareness' people like Sharmeen and Shoaib are only making money, if they truly want to aware the masses why don't they upload their films on social media forms or show them for free.
He further added that cinema is a form of entertainment and people watch movies to be entertained while Sharmeen and Shoaib make the kind of movies that only depress the audience he went on and said that it's like buying depression.
He used 18+ language and openly accused both directors of taking advantage of Pakistan's situation, he said that we are all well aware of the dire situation the country is in but cinema is for entertainment not for such depressing films also if both of them really wanted to do something for the cause they could have used the money they invested in the films to help facilitate the victims in getting jobs or education etc.
He further accused Shoaib of always trying to stand out, he said that when everyone was working on meaningful projects Shoaib Mansoor introduced a comedy show named "Fifty Fifty' and now that most of the industry is focused on comedy shows he is bringing the serious topics in because he wants to stand out. He reviewed Verna by saying that after watching a movie like that all women will be scared of being raped and if kids watch it they will be encouraged to rape because kids usually get inspired by movies and the heroes and villains in them.
Here's the video straight from Waqar Zaka's facebook page.
Tags: Celebrities news, famous actor, latest happenings, latest news, latest updates, lollywood news, Pakistani Celebrities, pakistani showbiz, Sharmeen Obaid, shoaib mansoor, showbiz, Waqar Zaka, Waqar Zaka Accuses Sharmeen and Shoaib of Cashing Pakistan's Bad Image
Celebrity, Shehzad Sheikh
Imran Ashraf Himself Wrote His Upcoming Drama "Tabeer"
Asim Azhar Latest Song- 5AM
neelam
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Pakistani Actors And Their Heart-Breaking Childhood Stories
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Top 5 Pakistani Celebrities Who Should Retire …
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It is common in a Social Security disability hearing for lay witnesses to testify about the claimant's ability to perform certain tasks. A lay witness is one who is not formally trained in a highly technical matter or is not empanelled to field highly-scientific or research-based questions. He or she is to be asked basic questions that any typical person could answer based on reasonable perception of a situation. Your Atlanta Social Security disability attorney will help you prepare for witness testimony and will explain what types of questions will be asked of the witness.
The witness may answer questions regarding the claimant's walking abilities. For example, the witness may be required to testify as to his or her observance of the claimant over the past few years and whether he or she has had noticeable difficulty walking. The witness may also be asked to describe with respect to city blocks how far the claimant could walk without stopping.
The witness may also be required to provide testimony with regard to the claimant's extremities, including his or her hands and feet. The witness should describe whether the claimant has difficult holding items or whether he or she is prone to dropping items. The witness should give specific examples to the judge and the Atlanta Social Security disability attorney regarding the claimant's ability to grasp and hold objects. Issues concerning dexterity may be discussed as well.
Depending on the witness's level of interaction with the claimant, he or she may be asked to provide testimony about the claimant's pain level and emotional and mental well-being. The frequency and level of pain is particularly relevant to the proceeding as is the claimant's outward manifestation of pain. In addition, the witness should relay information concerning anxiety attacks, depression, crying spells, social withdrawal, memory problems, attention deficit and concentration. The witness may testify to the pace with which the claimant completes tasks and how it relates to the typical pace of an average adult within the claimant's age range.
If you would like to speak to an Atlanta Social Security disability attorney regarding these matters, give Alex Simanovsky a call today.