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Strive to Attain
Mission: eclectic
Posted by: Andrew | February 16, 2010
Luge Safety at the Vancouver Winter Olympics: Physics and Technical Solutions
During practice on the Luge run at the Vancouver Winter Olympics, the Georgian athlete Nodar Kumaritashvili was tragically killed when he apparently lost control on curve 16 of the run, slid off the track and collided with a steel support pillar. The author would like to offer his sincere condolences to his family, friends, and fellow athletes.
The official line, after a hasty investigation, was that the athlete was responsible, and that the track design was not at fault. I am a little sceptical of having the officiating body (the Fédération Internationale de Luge de Course, FIL), conduct an investigation; for instance, when an airliner crashes, it is not the airline that conducts the official investigation. The course was designed according to FIL guidelines, so is the investigation going to be truly impartial? They are being asked to investigate their own guidelines! The investigation by the Coroner in British Columbia will hopefully be thorough and conclusive.
Nevertheless, the competition for the men was allowed to run, but using the starting position for the women's competition, further down the track, to reduce the speed of the racers. Similarly, the women's event will be run from an even lower starting point. Changes were also made to the ice profile on the run. This strongly suggests to me that this is a de facto admission that the design of the run could be changed to help prevent the accident. The design should include the possibility that an athlete might make a mistake. The consequences of that mistake should not be fatal.
Now, I personally think that the press release blaming the athlete was grossly insensitive at best, and avoiding the issue in hand at worst. Luge is a dangerous sport which is run in an entirely artificial environment. The luge run is a man-made construct, not a natural artefact. The designers and engineers responsible for the run should have allowed for the possibility of human error and the possibility of a rider being ejected from the run at high speed. Modern training methods and new advanced materials have also produced stronger athletes and more slippery luges, which makes the speeds down the runs faster than they used to be. It appears that the sport has not kept pace with this increase in performance, with a commensurate increase in safety precautions. As Ladkin [1] has commented," It doesn't seem to me that organised sports activities of this nature apply similar standards of safety engineering as in aviation or nuclear power. Why not? " A very good question.
Let's apply a little physics [2] to see what could be done to prevent such a tragedy.
We start with Newton's second law of motion, stated in its original form: "the force applied to an object to change its motion is proportional to the rate of change of momentum." The momentum of an object is, in classical physics, the mass multiplied by the velocity. The velocity is a vector quantity, with both magnitude (the speed) and a specified direction [3]. This bit of physics is often stated as the "Momentum-Impulse Theorem" in physics textbooks.
The equation below shows the momentum-impulse theorem for an object of mass m, moving initially at speed v and finally at vfinal. If the time for the change in velocity is t, then the average force which has to be applied to the object to do this is F.
In the case of an object in a collision, the final velocity is zero, because the object comes to a complete halt after collision. The second line in the equation accounts for this, and rearranges the equation in terms of the average force applied [4]. Thus someone flying through the air with an initial speed of v will experience an average force F, when colliding with a fixed object and coming to a complete halt. The time t is the collision time taken to bring the person to a halt from that speed, not the total time spent in the air.
If you are used to visualizing consequences of algebraic expressions, you can see that increasing the collision time, t, (i.e. increasing the time taken for the athlete to stop) decreases the average force. The same thing can be shown by putting a few numbers into the equations. Suppose the mass of the person is 60 kg, and the initial speed is 145 km/h (40 m/s, about 90 mph). If the collision time is 0.010 seconds (10 milliseconds), then the average force exerted during the collision is 240,000 newtons [5]. If the collision time is increased to 100 milliseconds, the average force is reduced by a factor of 10, to 24,000 newtons. A slower collision can occur if there is some padding or cushioning between the moving and stationary objects. This is exactly what the airbag in your car does in the event of a collision. It should be stressed that the average force is less than the maximum instantaneous force, so that you need to allow an extra safety margin. It is also desirable to make sure that the force is distributed over a wide area of the human body, and not applied to highly localized parts, especially the head.
The survivability of high impact collisions is not an exact science, but many semi-quantitative approximations can be used to determine if a collision will be survivable or not [6]. Reducing the magnitude of acceleration (v/t) below 1750-2000 m/s2 is essential for survivability, possibly with severe injury.
In this case, if we assume an initial speed of 145 km/h (40 m/s), then to get below 1750 m/s2 acceleration, we would need to have a collision time of greater than 0.023 seconds (23 milliseconds). Ideally we would like a collision time several times greater than that, to try and prevent serious injury as well.
Now consider some possible safety measures that could be taken:
1 Change the design and shape of the existing luge runs. This could be expensive.
2 Change the rules on luge/sled construction to make the luge slower by increasing the friction force on it as it goes down the run. This would be analogous to the redesign of the javelin in the athletics competition. Athlete performance had increased so dramatically that with the old style javelin, they were in danger of throwing it into the crowd. The solution was to change the aerodynamic characteristics of the javelin so that it just couldn't fly as far.
3 Apply passive safety measures to the zone around the luge run. Options which might be feasible include enclosing the run with a transparent top to prevent the rider being thrown off, and padding or webbing around the fixed structural supports. At Whistler, the steel support girders were not protected at all. This would be the simplest option.
4 Apply active safety measures such as air bags around the luge run which are only activated when an athlete comes off the track. This might be technically demanding, as they would have to deploy very rapidly, and only deploy where they were needed. On the other hand, these could presumably be retrofitted to the existing runs, a much less expensive option than rebuilding the entire run. Airbag technology in cars is a mature technology and can deploy airbags into their operating positions 60-80 milliseconds after the start of a crash. With this level of performance, an athlete flying through the air at 40 m/s would travel about 3 metres while the airbag was deploying. This might not be adequate, but a faster operating system could certainly be developed. One could imagine having sensors attached to the athlete or the luge itself, which would send an emergency signal to the safety system in the event of the athlete being thrown off the track. Some form of position monitoring would then allow the appropriate sections of the active safety system to deploy. It would also be possible to put the sensors in the luge run itself. However access to the sensors (under the ice) would be more limited and difficult.
A little imagination and a lot of technical effort and money would be required to implement these safety measures. But what price is a human life?
[1] http://www.abnormaldistribution.org/2010/02/13/thoughts-on-the-luge-crash-in-vancouver/ accessed 14th Feb 2010
[2] I have deliberately kept this analysis to the level of first year university or college level in the US/Canada or A-level Physics in the UK. Much more sophisticated analysis is possible, but doesn't add much to the conclusions.
[3] In physics the terms velocity and speed have distinct meanings. Velocity is a vector quantity and has magnitude and direction. Speed is a scalar quantity and has magnitude only.
[4] The negative sign indicates that the direction of the applied force is in the opposite direction to the initial velocity. The magnitude of the force is indicated by the symbol |F|.
[5] The newton is the unit of force in the metric system. You exert a force of approximately 1 newton when you push a button to ring a doorbell.
[6] "Physics of the human body", Irving P. Herman, Springer; Corr. 3rd printing edition (Jan 9 2007), ISBN-13: 978-3540296034, page 159
Copyright Andrew Robinson February 15th 2010.
Posted in physics, Winter Olympics 2010 | Tags: luge, Olympics, physics, safety
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< All Articles
Financial abuse – Not all abuse is physical
Domestic abuse is one of the biggest social issues affecting women and children in the UK today. Crime+Investigation is #HereForHer with our charity partner Refuge to help End Abuse Against Women.
Spearheading the Europe-wide End Abuse Against Women campaign, Crime+Investigation has partnered with Refuge, the UK's biggest provider of support services for women and children. As part of the campaign, we're launching Here For Her, which is all about raising awareness about domestic abuse and the various ways it can impact people's lives. The #HereForHer hashtag will be a reminder that society will always be ready to support women and children in danger, and that domestic abuse will not be tolerated.
'I was not allowed to spend my own income on anything...'
Raising awareness means highlighting the fact that domestic abuse is not always about physical violence. A victim can instead be subjected to psychological manipulation, verbal threats, and systematic acts of intimidation and humiliation. A particularly devastating form of coercive control can involve money, with the abusive partner taking tyrannical control of the victim's finances.
Financial abuse, also known as economic abuse, can manifest itself in many ways. An abusive partner might:
Demand complete control over a victim's bank account and assets
Take out credit cards and loans in the victim's name
Prevent the victim from accessing employment or education
Keep close tabs on the victim's spending and financial affairs
Make the victim ask permission before they buy anything, no matter how small the purchase
As part of their My Money, My Life campaign in partnership with The Co-Operative Bank, Refuge conducted a recent study which revealed a staggering one in five people across the UK have suffered financial abuse, with 60% of cases reported by women. This hugely significant campaign featured quotes by victims which gave an insight into how financial abuse can have both a psychological and physical impact.
'I was not allowed to spend my own income on anything, including food for myself or clothes,' one victim reported. 'I got ill from hardly eating.'
Partly because of the revelations of this campaign, many of the biggest names in the UK banking sector – including the likes of Barclays, Santander and RBS – have committed to a Financial Abuse Code of Practice. They have pledged to raise awareness of financial abuse among amongst their staff. This will hopefully ensure that bank and building society workers 'have the skills and knowledge to provide support to customers who are victims of financial abuse', and will refer suspicions of abuse to bodies such as the Office of the Public Guardian and the Department of Work and Pensions.
What is 'coercive control'?
The insidious effects of coercive control
This is a welcome step forwards for victims, but financial abuse continues to be one of the least well-known ways in which a partner can imprison someone within a toxic and dangerous relationship. While for some abusers, financial abuse is about money first and foremost – effectively making it a form of ongoing theft – for others it's primarily a weapon that ensures their victim simply cannot afford to flee or start a new life elsewhere.
Escaping this predicament can therefore require careful planning. Take stock of all accounts and debts that are you in your name (perhaps running a credit check on yourself to see exactly what debts may have accrued in your name) and get help from organisations such as Citizens Advice or the Money Advice Service. Depending on your exact situation, you could create a secret 'escape fund' to slowly build up savings with which you can leave. This could mean opening a separate bank account, or even letting a trusted friend or family member store the money on your behalf.
Before taking any major steps, such as freezing a joint account with your partner, or withdrawing all your money without seeking the abuser's 'permission', it's important to assess whether you're at risk of physical violence, and seek advice from the 24-hour National Domestic Abuse Helpline (0808 2000 247 in England, 0800 027 1234 in Scotland, 0808 801 0800 in Wales and 0808 802 1414 in Northern Ireland). This way, you can talk through your options and find out about specialist services and refuges in your community.
The sad truth about domestic violence
Domestic abuse is at a five-year-high: what should be done?
It's important to bear in mind that one of the insidious things about financial abuse is that it isn't always so savage or dramatic. It can be subtly parasitic in nature, with the abusive partner gradually living off their victim. As one woman's account published on MoneySavingExpert.com put it,
'Slowly, I started picking up financial burdens. At the time I would have said I was choosing to help willingly, but in hindsight, he would manipulate my emotions – early on, he moved a long way to live closer to me and used this as often as he could to win me around. He also would often say that I might as well leave if he couldn't afford to look after me – which made me feel upset and guilty.
'He wasn't paying off his credit cards, so I paid. He hadn't paid his car insurance, got caught out and the car was seized. I paid traffic fines. I paid for food and bills.'
This is why spreading the word on financial abuse is so important – so that people can recognise it even when the abuser doesn't seem like a stereotypical bully or thug. Not only does financial abuse need to be better known, but better education about money management may also be invaluable at school-level, so that young people gain practical insights into how bank accounts, mortgages, loans, joint accounts and credit ratings work, and can understand how financially coercive relationships might unfold.
tied to the table
After 18 hours missing Jeannette's abductor ties her up in his isolated trailer. She knows she must get free.
Katie's abduction ordeal has just begun.
"I can't live my life"
The harassment and stalking reaches new heights.
Did Sandy Murphy kill her wealthy husband?
Jamie Czerniawski
Things moved fast for Jamie and Charlie, with a lavish wedding after a short courtship.
Two friends bond over their love of card games and bicycle riding. But when one of them turns up dead, evidence points
See Schedule >
NOW I Killed My BFF 22:00
Next up Homicide Hunter 23:00
Europe's Problem with Domestic Abuse
The likes of Denmark, Sweden, Finland and the UK were all shown to be among the worst offending nations for domestic
Stalked Then Murdered
My Daughter: Stalked, Then Murdered by Her Ex
America's Most Notorious Murder Homes
Mick Philpott became a symbol of hate across the nation when he was convicted of manslaughter following a flawed
Dirty Johns: con artists and their victims of love
She married a man she thought was a doctor, instead, he was a homeless grifter, addicted to drugs
The Sally Challen Case
Why would a devoted wife kill her husband of 31 years.
#HereForHer
End Abuse Against Women
Meet The Iceman: Richard Kuklinski
Do you love to read true crime?
Five killers who appeared on TV
Peter Sutcliffe: The human cost, the stolen lives

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Q: What is an appropriate choice to store very large files with python? .csv files truncated data in certain cells I'm writing a python script for the data acquisition phase of my project and so far I've been storing data in .csv files. While I was reading data from a particular .csv file, I got the error:

syntaxError: EOL while scanning string literal

I took a look at the specific row in the file and and the data in the specific cell were truncated. I am using pandas to store dicts to csv and it never threw an error. I guess .csv will save itself no matter what, even if that means it will delete data without any warning.
I thought of changing to .xls. When the same row was being stored, an error came up saying (something along the lines of):

Max character length reached. Max character length per cell was ~32k.

Then I thought that it may just be an excel/libreoffice calc issue (I tried both) and they can't visualize the data in cell but they are actually there. So I tried printing the specific cell; data were indeed truncated. The specific cell contains a dict, whose values are float, int, boolean or string. However, all of them have been converted to strings.
My question is, is there a way to fix it without changing the file format?
In the case that I have to change the file format, what would be an appropriate choice to store very large files? I am thinking about hdf5.
In case you need more info, do let me know. Thank you!

A: There is a limit to fields size:

csv.field_size_limit([new_limit])
Returns the current maximum field size allowed by the parser.
If new_limit is given, this becomes the new limit.

On my system (Python 3.8.0), I get:
>>> import csv
>>> csv.field_size_limit()
131072

which is exactly 128 kB.
You could try to set the limit higher:
 csv.field_size_limit(your_new_limit)

But maybe a different file format would be more adapted depending on what kind of data you store.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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MemoryNS
Search Beaton Institute Archives
A Catalogue of Archived Records Preserved in Nova Scotia
ItemGovernor-general Viscount Harold Alexander and Lady Margaret Diana playing golf at the Keltic Lodge
Governor-general Viscount Harold Alexander and Lady Margaret Diana playing golf at the Keltic Lodge
Beaton Institute Archives
Nova Scotia Information Service
1 photograph : b&w ; 21cm x 26cm
Until 1972, Nova Scotia government information services were delivered by a variety of successive departments. Legislation in 1972 established the Nova Scotia Communications and Information Centre. In 1981 the centre became a division of the Department of Government Services. In November 1987, Nova Scotia Information Service again became a separate agency, with a mandate to facilitate the flow of communication between government and the public and to promote Nova Scotia nationally and internationally. In 1992, Nova Scotia Information Service became a division of the Department of Supply and Services.
Item is a photograph of the Governor General of Canada and his wife playing golf at the Keltic Lodge, Ingonish.
Original available at Nova Scotia Archives. Reference no.: Nova Scotia Information Service Nova Scotia Archives no. NSIS 1827.
Donated by the Hon. Michael Dwyer in 1977.
Ingonish (N.S.)
For the most up to date archival descriptions from the Beaton Institute Archives, visit beatoninstitute.com.
http://beaton.cbu.ca/atom/photos/77-159-293.jpg
Digital object (External URI) rights area
Nova Scotia Information Service (Creator)


In the wake of teacher strikes across the nation, local grassroots groups Save our Schools Arizona, Arizona Educators United as well as Arizona PTA will hold a "Day of Action for Education" March 28 at the Arizona Capitol and at locations across the state.
The Day of Action will call upon thousands of education advocates to gather at the State Capitol, in Tucson and in Northern Arizona to send a loud and clear message that Arizona voters have had enough of bad education policy by state lawmakers.
Save our Schools Arizona is the grassroots group responsible for referring Proposition 305 Empowerment Scholarship Account (voucher) expansion to the November 2018 ballot. Arizona Educators United is the grassroots coalition responsible for organizing the statewide #RedForEd event on March 7. Both groups are exclusively volunteer Arizona residents who organized in response to bad education policy in Arizona. Arizona PTA was formed in 1906 to advocate for public education and children's welfare; it is also volunteer led.
"We want to ensure students have access to highly qualified and experienced teachers, that educators are compensated fairly, and to improve the educational environment. These are all things Arizonans want in order to improve our state's future," said Noah Kavelis, a public school teacher and lead organizer of Arizona Educators United.
WHY: Arizona teachers, school professionals, parents, retirees and business leaders are fed up with bad education policy and have united to demand better.
WHEN: March 28 from 4 p.m. to 7 p.m.
Arizona teachers leading #RedForEd movement will give demands at Wednesday rally.
Hey AZ, your blog is serving up malware, as reported by several of us over the last few days. Clicking a link takes us to various websites that do not have our best interests at heart.
There are resources for cleaning up a WordPress virus if you search for them.
Still getting redirected this morning. Only on this site.
Good luck AZ, cooties are no fun.


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HTC Vive: This Is Valve's Virtual Reality Headset
Eric Limer
Filed to: HTCFiled to: HTC
Just the other day we heard that Valve is getting ready to put out its SteamVR headset. HTC is making it, it's called the HTC Vive and it'll be out—for real—by the end of the year. Game on, Oculus.
Unlike other virtual reality headsets, which have surfaced as early prototypes with a developer version off on the horizon, the HTC Vive is virtually done. Yes, there is still a developer kit on the way (this spring) but HTC and Valve are swearing up and down that the real one will come out before year's end.
The headset itself sports some beefy specs, including a pair of 1200 x 1080 displays that can handle video at a whopping 90 frames per second. For context, the Oculus Rift DK2 has a single 1080p panel that can refresh fast enough to support 75 FPS, and while Gear VR has a 2560 x 1440 display, it can only go as fast as 60 FPS. So this is a BIG step up compared to anything else out there, although who knows what the Oculus Rift consumer version will look like whenever it finally shows up.
The HTC Vive comes with a motion-tracking base station that can track your movement in a room as large as 15-feet by 15-feet. Previous versions of Valve's mysterious headset used face-mounted cameas to track location against QR codes pasted all along the walls.
An early SteamVR test room
It sounds like this base station might be a more elegant version of that; the headset definitely appears to have cameras on it. Oculus, on the other hand, works the opposite way; the motion tracking cameras keep track of the headset by looking at markers on it.
What's more, Valve and HTC seem to have figured out the controller problem: The Vive will come with a pair of wireless "VR controllers," that HTC claims are simple and intuitive, without much more in the way of details. From the way HTC describes them, they might be gloves? It's hard to tell.
The end result, though, is that the HTC Vive and SteamVR are intended to be a far more holodeck-y experience than the Rift, which Oculus has stressed on multiple occasions is a sit-down device, at least in the first generation. HTC and Valve want you to get up and walk around; it's intended to be part of the experience. Though from what we've seen it looks like, the headset itself isn't wireless, which is a bit of a constraint.
We haven't tried it out yet, but HTC and Valve are giving limited demos at Mobile World Congress, as well as bringing some of the devices to next week's Game Developer Conference. We'll update you with impressions as soon as we get to try it out.
Until then, it looks like the virtual reality war is really heating up. Oculus had plenty of time out ahead with the Rift, and though headsets like Sony's Morpheus and Microsoft's Hololens have shown up as prototypes, no one has actually put one of these things out. It looks like Valve and HTC are going to do just that, and they'll drag everyone else along with them. The party's really getting started now.
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View on Blogtown USA
tIHS SOTRY NEDS 2B REEEEEELE POPALR 4 TEH NXT 2 MONHTS ABT PLS AN TY
blOgton USa is stil fien tho rite? yeaah? pls?
WAAAATHC OUT IM AL OUTAA F*KCS


Uncover great Holiday Parks in the Staffordshire area of England. If you are looking for a static caravan, holiday lodge or chalet then you can discover the perfect holiday park for you.
There are 11 (you are currently viewing 1 to 11 ) holiday parks to you in Staffordshire, England.
In a truly secret hideaway location yet only 4 miles from Alton Towers and glorious walking in Dimmingsdale this lovely newly built lodge boasts both smart furnishings and its own enclosed garden. Set near the owners' weekend lodge it lies 10 miles from Festival Park's waterworld swimming pool bowling and cinemas. Trentham's monkey park and Go Ape Wedgwood Story Ashbourne Shugborough Hall and Drayton Manor theme park are all in easy reach. Shops and pub 3 miles.


Leading Healthcare and Optical (ophthalmology and optometry) equipment manufacturers count on Veritek to deliver all aspects of post sales service. We also provide support to hundreds of end user locations for equipment that is beyond warranty or out of contract.
Veritek currently provides planned and reactive maintenance across a range of medical devices. An example being the support of over 1,000 Ultrasound systems on behalf of three equipment manufacturers, located in the NHS, private clinics and other clinical environments.
In the Optical sector, Veritek is a leading supplier of after sales service with many thousands of equipment items receiving Helpdesk, preventative maintenance and reactive services.
Veritek is a business that is entirely based on a fast and responsive service.We feel that our customers will be as impressed with Veritek as we are – for service, they are best in class.


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Le Tyran mélancolique (Tyrannus melancholicus) est une espèce de passereau appartenant à la famille des Tyrannidae.

Description
Le tyran mélancolique est reconnaissable à l'extrémité incisée de 5 de ses primaires et celle un peu rétrécie de sa 6ème. Le dos, les scapulaires et le croupion sont vert-olive grisâtre. La calotte et la nuque sont plutôt gris clair avec une large tache orange-rougeâtre dissimulée au centre de la calotte. Les lores sont gris passant au foncé sur l'œil, la région auriculaire traversée d'une bande foncée mate. Le haut de la queue est olive sombre habituellement marquée dans la partie postérieure de vert-olive grisâtre, le reste de la queue est foncé taché et terminé de blanc terne. Les ailes sont brun grisâtre foncé, les petite et moyenne couvertures conclues de gris, la grande couverture et les secondaires achevées de blanc grisâtre. Le menton et la gorge varient de blanc à blanc grisâtre, le haut de la poitrine est olive jaunâtre clair tandis que le bas et l'abdomen sont jaune. Les flancs et le dessous de la queue sont jaune pâle, le dessous des ailes est blanc jaunâtre avec l'intérieur blanc grisâtre.

Répartition
Il vit dans le sud de l'Arizona et la basse vallée du Rio Grande au Texas aux États-Unis, en Amérique centrale (Costa Rica...) et en Amérique du Sud jusqu'au centre de l'Argentine et l'ouest du Pérou ainsi que sur Trinité-et-Tobago.

Les oiseaux des zones les plus froides au nord et au sud migrent vers les régions plus chaudes après la période de reproduction.

Habitat
Cette espèce fréquente les territoires aux arbres éparpillés, la savane, les forêts ouvertes, les lisières de bois, les plantations, les terres agricoles et les zones résidentielles
.

Alimentation

Nidification

Reproduction
Le tyran mélancolique se reproduit au sud-est de l'Arizona, au Mexique (états de Sonora, à l'est du San Luis Potosi et au sud du Tamaulipas), sur les côtes est et ouest de l'Amérique centrale (inclus les îles Marias, la péninsule du Yucatan) et en Amérique du sud, de la Colombie à l'Argentine.
Il hiverne de Sonora au nord-est du Mexique et à travers l'ensemble de l'Amérique centrale jusqu'en Amérique du Sud. Occasionnellement, on le trouve le long de la côte Pacifique, du sud de la Colombie-Britannique (inclus l'île de Vancouver) au sud de la Californie, au sud du Texas et à Cuba.

Sous-espèces
D'après la classification de référence (version 7.2, 2017) du Congrès ornithologique international, cette espèce est constituée des trois sous-espèces suivantes (ordre phylogénique) :

 Tyrannus melancholicus satrapa (Cabanis & Heine), 1859 ;
 Tyrannus melancholicus despote (MHK Lichtenstein), 1823 ;
 Tyrannus melancholicus melancholicus Vieillot, 1819.

Liens externes

Notes et références

Tyrannidae

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Is your business growing exponentially? If so, you are probably thinking about getting more SOLIDWORKS licenses. But, did you know there's a way you could share licenses?
how long. Network licensing just might be a fit for your company's needs.
Getting started is easy. First, install the license manager software on a network machine. You can then install SOLIDWORKS on as many connected machines as you want. The license manager will automatically release the appropriate license to each computer as needed. However, you have ultimate control. If you'd like to reserve a specific license for a user or group of users, the license manager can accommodate that as well.
days and take that machine anywhere they want. For our customers on subscription service, home-use licensing is available. This allows users to install SOLIDWORKS on a home computer, enabling them to work from home with no need to borrow a license.
Each user has access to up-to-date information on how many seats are currently in use and of what type. This gives full visibility to the whole team allowing them to collaborate effectively.
SOLIDWORKS licensing. It gives all users better visibility and allows them to seamlessly share licenses inside or outside of the local network. Best of all, network licensing makes the best use of your company's SOLIDWORKS investment across all products.
Ready to start sharing your SOLIDWORKS licenses across more devices? Reach out to your account manager or give us a call at 888-TriMech!


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Home/Prize Bond Draws/25000/Draw Result of Prize Bond 25000 Rs Dated 1st August 2012 Held in Lahore
Draw Result of Prize Bond 25000 Rs Dated 1st August 2012 Held in Lahore
National Savings of Pakistan government has held a prize bond draw of 25000 Rs. in Lahore on 1st August 2012. This is 2nd prize bond draw held in Lahore city so far.
Lahore on August 1, 2012: National Saving Prize Bond Draw Rs. 25,000 th held in Lahore on August 1 Rupee Bonds 2012.25000 gift is one of the bonds plus prizes sold in Pakistan. It Rs.25000 bond draw prizes worth of these people, but the bonus prizes and earn big money. Bonds issued by the National Saving.Prize carrier is the type of investment and security available in the denominations of Rs.200, Rs.750 Rs.1, 500, Rs.7, 500 Rs.15, 000 to Rs.40, 000 and now also available in the amount of 25,000 rupees. Bond was given a number of gifts series of letters and numbers each have a different letter and the same number as the other series. Each series of bonds prizes consist of a lower than 1,000,000 bonds. No bond is paid but draw held on a quarterly basis. Some of the prizes are the same for each series. This means that if 100 series of Rs.200 Prize Bonds outstanding. Then on each draw we ₩ 100 1300 Nobel prize and 2, and so on. Gift Vouchers Scheme is the only legitimate way of making dreams come true and get rich overnight for the poor and middle class.
000821 028141 063405 108179 130177 160814 189183 214777 242999 273945 309115
708525 744078 769241 796016 820066 853429 882798 921479 947666 974500 XXXXX
Draw Result of Prize Bond 25000 Rs Dated 1st November 2012 Held in Hyderabad
Karachi Rs 25000 Full list 2nd February 2015
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PCB announces 208-match 2020-21 domestic schedule
By PCB on Sep 04, 2020
National T20 Cup 1st XI to be held in Multan and Rawalpindi from 30 September to 18 October, while Lahore will host 2nd XI matches from 1-8 October
National U19 tournaments to be played in Lahore, Muridke and Sheikhupura from 13 October to 29 November
Karachi to stage Quaid-e-Azam Trophy from 18 October with first-class matches from 25 October and Pakistan Cup 1st XI matches from 8-31 January and 2nd XI from 16-24 December
Remaining four matches of HBL PSL 2020 will be held on 14, 15 and 17 November in Lahore
Schedule of domestic international matches, HBL PSL 2021 as well as women's, U13 and U16 boys events to be confirmed in due course
Domestic schedule as on 4 September 2020 is attached here and Urdu version of the media release is attached here
Details on player and players support personnel, and information on monthly retainers and match fees reproduced below under Notes to Editors
Details of broadcast and live-stream matches will be shared in due course, events to be held under strict Covid-19 protocols
Lahore, 4 September 2020: Providing maximum opportunities for the best domestic performers to display their talent and stake their claim in the franchise and national sides underpinned the Pakistan Cricket Board's 2020-21 domestic events calendar, which was unveiled today.
In a major shift from previous years and taking into account the upcoming three white-ball global events, the PCB has decided to hold First XI matches of the National T20 Cup and Pakistan Cup One-Day Tournament, and National U19 One-Day Tournament on a double-league basis. This will guarantee each side a minimum of 10 league matches in the three white-ball competitions before the top four sides in the senior events will progress to the semi-finals, followed by the final, and the top two sides in the juniors' event progressing to the final.
The National T20 Cup will be the curtain-raiser of the season, with matches being held in Multan and Rawalpindi from 30 September to 18 October, while the National U19 One-Day Tournament will be played in Lahore, Muridke and Sheikhupura from 13 October to 2 November.
The National T20 Cup and the National U19 One-Day Tournament have been scheduled at the start of the season to enable all the top performers to have the opportunity to attract interest from the franchises prior to the HBL PSL 2020 draft in November.
The Pakistan Cup One-Day Tournament will be played from 8-31 January, after which the domestic season will conclude with the PCB's marquee event, the HBL Pakistan Super League 2021, starting in February.
All four-day first-class matches will start from 25 October and the event will conclude with the five-day final starting on 1 January. Second XI three-day matches will be played from 18 October to 13 December.
Due to Covid-19 precautions, travel for players and officials will be restricted for all Quaid-e-Azam Trophy matches during the 2020-2021 season, resulting in all matches being played at grounds in Karachi. In addition, staging the tournament in Karachi will help mitigate the risk of bad weather conditions, such as fog and dew, seriously intervening in matches at that time of year.
While finalising the domestic cricket calendar, the PCB has also taken into consideration the commencement of the holy month of Ramadan, which is likely to start around 15 April.
The schedule of events will be further populated after the confirmation of Boys U13 & U16 and women's events, HBL PSL 2021 and home international series against Zimbabwe and South Africa.
Director – High Performance, Nadeem Khan: "In the uncertain Covid-19 situation, I am pleased that we have been able to put together a complete domestic cricket schedule, which is challenging but will contribute significantly in getting the best out of all the players that, in turn, will uplift the quality and standard of our home cricket.
"There has been a strategy and vision behind preparing this schedule, and the most notable is the increase in number of white-ball matches at the senior and age-group level. This has been done after taking into consideration our teams' current international performances and rankings in white-ball cricket as well as to looking into the future, while also providing optimum chances to the deserving and budding cricketer to thoroughly show their mettle and impress the national selectors.
"The increase in number of matches will not only provide a fair and equal opportunity to all the talented players, it will increase their earnings – something that we have been very mindful and careful about since the revamp of the domestic structure.
"In the past few weeks, the High Performance and Domestic department has been flat out as evident from recent announcements, including appointment of coaches, domestic teams, match officials and now the schedule. This required full support of the logistics and operations team as together we remain committed in providing a comfortable and good environment to the players so that they can excel on the field of play.
"Now that the teams and schedule have been confirmed, I expect the respective coaches to start planning their season as usage and rotation of key players will be integral, also in the background that some of the star players may not be available throughout the season due to their international commitments. But this will surely provide other players with opportunities to step-up and take responsibility and make names for themselves."
PCB 2020-21 domestic schedule at a glance:
National T20 Cup 1st XI (33 matches) – 30 September to 18 October; Multan and Rawalpindi
National T20 Cup 2nd XI (15 matches) – 1-8 October; Lahore
National U19 One-Day Tournament (31 matches) – 13 October to 2 November; Lahore, Muridke and Sheikhupura
National U19 Three-Day Tournament (16 matches) – 5-29 November; Lahore, Muridke and Sheikhupura
HBL PSL 2020 (4 matches) – 14, 15 and 17 November; Lahore
Quaid-e-Azam Trophy 1st XI (31 matches) – 25 October to 5 January 2021; Karachi
Quaid-e-Azam Trophy 2nd XI (30 matches) – 18 October to 13 December; Karachi
Pakistan Cup 1st XI (33 matches) – 8-31 January 2021; Karachi
Pakistan Cup 2nd XI (15 matches) – 16-24 December; Karachi
Media release on the coaches available here; announcement of the six sides available here.
FAQs on domestic team compositions is available under Frequently Asked Questions
The 2020-21 and enhanced monthly retainer structure is:
Category A+ = 10 players, PKR150,000 per month
Category A = 38 players, PKR85,000 per month
Category B = 48 players, PKR75,000 per month
Category C = 72 players, PKR65,000 per month
Category D = 24 players, PKR40,000 per month
Categories will be decided following discussions with the national selection committee
The revised match fees structure is (in PKR):
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2nd XI
50-over
1st XI
1st U19
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Tag Archives: article
Highlighter Apps
19 January 2021 by particularkev
The link below is to an article that takes a look at 5 highlighter apps.
https://www.makeuseof.com/highlighter-apps-to-annotate-online-text-videos-or-podcasts/
Posted in Apps - Smartphones - General, Article, Web Applications and Social Networks	| Tagged app, article, highlighter | Leave a comment |
The link below is to an app called Juno, which is a social reading app allowing you to save and share articles among friends.
https://www.junoreader.com
Posted in Apps - Smartphones - General, Juno	| Tagged app, article, articles, reading, save, share, social | Leave a comment |
The link below is to an article that takes a look at Bookshop.org.
https://www.newstatesman.com/culture/books/2020/12/bookshoporg-independent-bookshops-andy-hunter-waterstones
Posted in Article, Bookshop.org	| Tagged article, Bookshop.org | Leave a comment |
2021 Indie Book Awards Longlists
The link below is to an article reporting on the longlists for the 2021 Indie Book Awards.
https://www.booksandpublishing.com.au/articles/2020/12/09/160690/indie-book-awards-2021-longlists-announced/
Posted in Article, Australia, Book Awards, Indie Book Awards	| Tagged 2021, article, Australia, Indie Book Awards, longlist, longlists | Leave a comment |
Gutenberg Bible Online
The link below is to an article that looks at where you can find a copy of the Gutenberg Bible, as well as an online view.
https://bookriot.com/gutenberg-bible-online/
Posted in Article, Gutenberg Bible	| Tagged article, Gutenberg Bible | Leave a comment |
Dostoevsky warned of the strain of nihilism that infects Donald Trump and his movement
A Trump supporter climbs scaffolding in an effort to breach the U.S. Capitol.
Joseph Prezioso/AFP via Getty Images
Ani Kokobobo, University of Kansas
Nihilism was notably cited during U.S. Senate deliberations after rioting Trump supporters had been cleared from the Capitol.
"Don't let nihilists become your drug dealers," exhorted Nebraska Sen. Ben Sasse. "There are some who want to burn it all down. … Don't let them be your prophets."
How else to describe the incendiary rhetoric and grievances that Donald Trump has peddled since November? What else to call the denial of the electorate's will and his deep disdain for American institutions and traditions?
In 2016, I wrote about how Russian novelist Fyodor Dostoevsky had, in his work, explored what happens to society when people who rise to power lack any semblance of ideological or moral convictions and view society as bereft of meaning. I saw eerie similarities with Trump's actions and rhetoric on the campaign trail.
Fast-forward four years, and I believe the warnings of Dostoevsky – particularly in his most most political novel, "Demons," published in 1872 – hold truer than ever.
Although set in a sleepy provincial Russian town, "Demons" serves as a broader allegory for how thirst for power in some people, combined with the indifference and disavowal of responsibility by others, amount to a devastating nihilism that consumes society, fostering chaos and costing lives.
Power for power's sake
Before "Demons," Dostoevsky had been writing a novel about faith, "The Life of a Great Sinner."
But then a disturbing public trial spurred him in a more overtly political direction. A young student had been murdered by members of a revolutionary group, The Organization of the People's Vengeance, at the behest of their leader, Sergei Nechaev.
Dostoevsky was appalled that politics could be dehumanizing to the point of murder. His focus turned not only to moral questions but also to political demagoguery, which, he argued, if left unchecked, could result in devastating loss of life.
A portrait of Fyodor M. Dostoyevsky from around the time he wrote 'Demons.'
adoc-photos/Corbis via Getty Images
The result was "Demons." It featured two protagonists: Pyotr Verkhovensky, a former student with no political convictions beyond a lust for power, and Nikolai Stavrogin, a man so morally numb and emotionally detached that he is incapable of purposeful action and stands idly by as violence engulfs his society.
Through these two figures, Dostoevsky tells a broader story about the many flavors of nihilism. Pyotr infiltrates the town's local social circles, recruits a group of disciples to a revolutionary group and spins lies to band them together so they may do his bidding. Pretending to lead a broad movement of international socialism, Pyotr manipulates those around him into committing violent acts and insurrection against the local government. As a result, one woman is crushed by a mob, a mother and her baby die from chaos and neglect and a fire breaks out that kills multiple others.
Different townspeople espouse multiple and contradictory ideologies; none translates into purposeful action. Instead, they merely leave characters whiplashed and susceptible to being instrumentalized by Pyotor, the master manipulator.
The allure of feeling something
But Pyotr would not prevail without the nihilism of Stavrogin, a local nobleman.
Many townspeople see him as a leader with a strong moral compass. Throughout the novel, Pyotr seeks to loop Stavrogin into his quest for power by either doing him favors that corrupt him or hinting that he will install him as dictator once he successfully carries out a revolution.
On some level, Stavrogin knows better: He should be protecting the town and its people. He ultimately fails to do so, out of sheer despondence and because of the emotional appeal of chaos and violence have for him; they seem to jolt him out of the ennui he often appears to feel.
When given the chance to restrain and turn in to the authorities the escaped convict who perpetrates most of the violence in town, Stavrogin captures him only to eventually let him go. "Steal more, kill more," he says to a criminal who has already admitted to killing and stealing. Later, when the political climate gets so heated that it seems an insurrection is imminent, he flees town.
A page from Fyodor Dostoevsky's manuscript for 'Demons.'
Heritage Images via Getty Images
In surrendering his responsibility to serve as a moral guardian, Stavrogin becomes complicit in Pyotr's schemes. He ultimately kills himself – perhaps, in part, out of guilt for his passivity and moral indifference.
Among the two men, Pyotr is the authoritarian figure. And he cleverly insists that members of the revolutionary group break the law together, cementing a loyal brotherhood of criminality.
By contrast, Stavrogin is the novel's empty center, idly standing by while Pyotr incites violence.
He doesn't help Pyotr. But he doesn't stop him, either.
From nihilism to annihilation
A range of nihilistic justifications – each successively hollower than the rest – seems to have shaped the violence at the U.S. Capitol.
The homegrown American insurrection lacked any sort of ideological foundation. Most ideas fueling it are negations of persons or facts. The immediate rallying cry of the insurrection was the falsehood that the election was stolen. Beyond denying the will of over 80 million people who voted for Joe Biden, this lie also qualifies not as an ideology, but as an absolute denial of truth.
Other ideas fomenting the insurrection – such as "America first" or "MAGA" and even white supremacy itself – are quintessentially founded on the denial of others, whether they are immigrants, foreign nationals or persons of color.
From what we have learned since, some of Trump's supporters were even imploring him to "cross the Rubicon," a reference to Julius Caesar's initiation of the civil war that eventually transformed Rome into a dictatorial empire, expressing a longing to smash American systems and eviscerate the republic.
The only real purpose that seems to have brought the group together was devotion to Donald Trump, who strikes me as the arch-nihilist in all this, the Pyotr Verkhovensky of this American tragedy. Then there are the other public figures who should have known better, who might have helped stop it all, but couldn't and didn't. Some, like Stavrogin, excused themselves and were silent for far too long, as the lie about the election grew bigger and bigger. And others seemed to outright encourage the lie through formalized objections in Congress last week.
Playacting at revolution at the behest of a man seeking to cling to power, the rioters ultimately only managed only to vandalize the building, though they left five people dead in their wake.
Nonetheless, to act violently on the basis of such fictions – and to transgress against the humanity of others for nothing at all – is perhaps the most nihilistic act of them all.
Ani Kokobobo, Associate Professor of Russian Literature, University of Kansas
Posted in Article, Dostoevsky - Fyodor, Trump - Donald	| Tagged article, Donald Trump, Fyodor Dostoevsky | Leave a comment |
Five tips to get reading again if you've struggled during the pandemic
We all read much more than we give ourselves credit for.
GoodStudio/Shuttertsock
Alexandra Paddock, University of Oxford and Kirsten Shepherd-Barr, University of Oxford
Like many people, you may have resolved this New Year to read more in 2021 and spend less time on your screens. And now you may be wondering how to find the time to do it, especially in lockdown conditions, with different time constraints and anxieties pressing on us.
One solution is to go with shorter bursts of reading. Our Summer 2020 pop-up project, Ten-Minute Book Club, was a selection of ten excerpts from free literary texts, drawn from a wide range of writing in English globally.
Based on our larger project, LitHits, each week the book club presented a 10-minute excerpt framed by an introduction from an expert in the field and suggestions for free further reading.
We found that the top two things people responded to were the core idea of brevity – one of the most common terms in tweets about the project was "short" – and the quality and diversity of the literature. Our analytics showed that readers dipped in and out of the project over the 10-week span rather than regularly following along. One possible reason for this is that finding regular time for reading literature is not easy, especially right now.
Perhaps surprisingly, then, this article contains no advice about time management or habit-building. Instead, our five tips for reading are about fragments: literature interrupted.
This is nothing new. It is sometimes easy to forget that the 19th-century novel developed by the likes of Charles Dickens, Wilkie Collins, George Eliot and Elizabeth Gaskell, which appear so dauntingly thick in book form, were first read in magazine instalments featuring a chapter or two at a time. Brevity was a significant part of their original appeal.
1. Don't start from zero
Begin positively by noticing how much you are already reading in your life without even thinking about it. Even if you have not opened a book in over a year, remember that we are in an age of hyper-literacy and our days are saturated with words. You can harness this.
You probably flex your reading muscles all day long without giving yourself credit for it. Recognising that is a step towards choosing different content, if that's what you want, or simply considering how you engage with the texts you already read (even if they're often 280 characters or fewer).
Reading tweets and scrolling through the news or even emails counts as reading.
water mint/Shutterstock
2. Quality, not quantity
Prioritise the quality of the attention you are paying to words. Reading well is the practice of noticing carefully and with an informed perspective – it's not so much what you read as how you do it.
Throw away your inner "reading activity tracker" and enjoy curious and provocative engagements with whatever you're reading, without worrying about racking up the literary miles. This will also dispel that sense of guilt about not reading "enough" that can make reading seem like yet another chore, akin to "not getting enough exercise".
In his introduction to Sudden Fiction International (1989), an anthology of very short stories or "flash fiction", American novelist Charles Baxter made the point that the duration of our attention is not as important as its quality: "No-one ever said that sonnets or haikus were evidence of short attention spans."
3. Lose track of time
As well as not keeping a count of books read, try to note how different the time spent reading feels. Many people assume that reading takes time, the very thing most of us lack. Yet there is another, more subtle temporal element to reading that has more to do with the cognitive experience of the text itself.
Centuries can flash by in seconds and moments can roll out over aeons. Jia Tolentino captures this brilliantly in her characterisation of reading the work of Margaret Atwood: "nothing was really happening, but I was riveted, and fearful, as if someone were showing me footage of a car crash one frame at a time".
4. Be opportunistic
You can find pleasure in a few snatched moments of reading, and these are just as worthwhile for the immersive experience they bring through the encounter with language, images, and ideas. There is no ideal environment or place to read – just do it wherever you can and whenever you have some spare moments.
5. Connect and take control
Choose what you read and find ways to try texts out for yourself to help your search, rather than relying on recommendation sites. Such sites are usually not as objective as they claim. For instance Goodreads, the social site where people can compile books they've read or would like to read, as well as find recommendations, is owned by book-selling behemoth Amazon.
Recognise, too, the difference between buying a book and reading more. In her 2019 book, What We Talk about When We Talk about Books, Leah Price emphasises that every reader finds the text through their own journey, in the conversations, forums and different devices that could have brought them to it.
Rita Felski too, in Uses of Literature, talks about the ways that texts need to connect with us, and "make friends" – surviving history necessarily because they make connections with people again and again.
So, will you be reading more in 2021? Reader, you already are.
Alexandra Paddock, Lecturer in English and Assistant Senior Tutor, University of Oxford and Kirsten Shepherd-Barr, Professor of English and Theatre Studies, University of Oxford
Posted in Article, Reading	| Tagged article, reading, reading slump, tips | Leave a comment |
Shakespeare and Cervantes: what similarities between the famous writers reveal about mysteries of authorship
Andy Rain/EPA
Alfonso Martín Jiménez, Universidad de Valladolid
William Shakespeare and Miguel de Cervantes, two of the most important writers of literature, are surrounded by a halo of mystery related to authorship.
In the case of Shakespeare, the question of whether he is the true author of his plays has circulated for some time. In the case of Cervantes, mysteries about authorship tend to concern who wrote the sequel to the first part of Don Quixote, one of the earliest modern novels.
Cervantes published the first part of Don Quixote in 1605. In 1614, an unofficial sequel by the pseudonymous Alonso Fernández de Avellaneda was published. In response, a year later, Cervantes published his sequel to Don Quixote, denouncing Avellaneda's version in the prologue. Since then, Avellaneda's identity has become the greatest mystery in Spanish literature.
Cervantes, Shakespeare and education
Both Cervantes and Shakespeare lived and died at around the same time. Shakespeare was born into a wealthy, rural family and Cervantes had humbler origins, yet both had a passion for the theatre and wrote plays.
In both cases, we hardly know anything about their childhoods and education (although it is known that neither went to university).
Shakespeare's works have been attributed to 80 different authors.
Andy Rain /EPA
Great authors lend themselves to speculation. Shakespeare's lack of education is one of the main arguments against the idea that he wrote his works, which have been attributed to 80 different authors. While Cervantes' authorship tends not to be under the same scrutiny, questions about who exactly Alonso Fernández de Avellaneda was, remain.
Cervantes' own educational background, however, suggests that it is possible to write to a high standard without academic training. If this could be true for the Spanish writer, why not for Shakespeare too?
A very large number of authors have also been proposed as candidates for the authorship of Avellaneda's sequel to Don Quixote.
Social and cultural prejudices have been important in both cases. Shakespeare's works show a detailed knowledge of the highest social classes, which is why it is thought that they should have been composed by some illustrious person of the time, such as Sir Francis Bacon.
However, Cervantes also had knowledge of the higher social classes and did not belong to them. Some researchers have even proposed that Avellaneda could have been Lope de Vega, the most prominent Spanish playwright at the time, since it is more attractive to imagine Cervantes confronted with a great author than with a mediocre person.
In both cases, figures who died well before both Shakespeare and Cervantes have been proposed as authors: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford as the author of Shakespeare's plays, and the Spanish writer Pedro Liñán de Riaza as Avellaneda, the unconvincing argument being that their works were left incomplete and were finished by other writers.
That said, it's important to look at other plausible explanations. At the time of the publication of the first part of Don Quixote, there were no copyright laws protecting writers from continuations or plagiarism of works, which explains how Avellaneda's version came to be.
Similar confusion has been caused in Shakespeare's case. The Taming of the Shrew had an earlier anonymous version titled: The Taming of a Shrew, seemingly supporting theories that Shakespeare's version was co-authored, or written by someone else entirely.
These days, however, following a theory put forward by Shakespearean scholar Peter Alexander in 1926, it is generally accepted that The Taming of A Shrew was simply an attempt to record the live production version of the play from memory.
In the case of Cervantes, I think I have cleared the mystery: we already know what Cervantes thought about Avellaneda's identity, which should put an end to absurd speculation.
Cervantes and issues of authorship
As one popular theory goes, Avellaneda's sequel to Don Quixote should be read as an embittered response to Cervantes' parody of two real people: Lope de Vega and Jerónimo de Pasamonte. Pasamonte was a soldier from the region of Aragon who took part – as did Cervantes – in the battle of Lepanto (1571). Cervantes is said to have behaved heroically in the battle since, despite being ill, he insisted on fighting and was wounded several times.
Cervantes' parody of the apocryphal Don Quixote hints at Avellaneda's true identity.
Amani A/Shutterstock
Shortly afterwards, in 1574, Pasamonte was taken prisoner and spent 18 years in captivity. Upon his release, he returned to Spain and finished his autobiography, Life and Works.
When writing about the capture in 1573 of La Goleta (where there was in fact no actual battle), Pasamonte claimed to have acted as heroically as Cervantes at the battle of Lepanto.
After seeing how Pasamonte had usurped his heroic deeds in his autobiography, Cervantes satirised it in the first part of Don Quixote. Cervantes turned Jerónimo de Pasamonte into Ginés de Pasamonte, a galley slave, who is presented as a liar, a cheat, a coward and a thief, and is gravely insulted by characters Don Quixote and Sancho Panza.
The revenge of Pasamonte
The hypothesis that Pasamonte was Avellaneda, proposed by Martín de Riquer, an academic at the Royal Spanish Academy of the Language, is increasingly accepted.
As I have probed in my book, "The two second parts of Don Quixote", Pasamonte sought to take revenge on Cervantes, writing a sequel to Don Quixote with the intention of robbing Cervantes of his earnings from the second part. In order not to be linked to Cervantes' galley slave, he then signed it under a pseudonym.
To get revenge on Avellaneda, Cervantes imitated his imitator and created a masterly scene, making the literary representation of Avellaneda (personified in a character known as Jerónimo) recognise his Don Quixote as the true one.
As attractive as speculation about Shakespeare and Cervantes' authorship may be, looking closer at their lives shows just how irrelevant class, education and conspiracy theories are in terms of explaining their genius.
Alfonso Martín Jiménez, Catedrático de Teoría de la Literatura y Literatura Comparada, Universidad de Valladolid
Posted in Article, de Cervantes - Miguel, Shakespeare - William	| Tagged article, Miguel de Cervantes, William Shakespeare | Leave a comment |
Six Tuscan Poets by Giorgio Vasari, 1544. Dante Alighieri,
Giovanni Boccaccio, Petrarch, Cino da Pistoia, Guittone d'Arezzo and Guido Cavalcanti are depicted in the oil painting.
Wikimedia/MIA
Maria Clotilde Camboni, University of Oxford
Imagine a world where we knew the name of Homer, but the poetry of The Odyssey was lost to us. That was the world of the early Italian Renaissance during the second half of the 15th century.
Many people knew the names of some early poets of Italian literature – those who were active during the 13th century. But they could not read their poems because they had not been printed and were not circulating in manuscripts.
Then, in around 1477 the de facto sovereign of Florence, Lorenzo de' Medici – "the Magnificent" – commissioned the creation of an anthology of rare early Italian poetry to be sent to Federico d'Aragona, son of the king of Naples.
The luxurious manuscript became one of Federico's most prized possessions. It was exhibited to and coveted by patricians and intellectuals for half a century – until its disappearance in the early 16th century.
A page from another manuscript of vernacular poetry commissioned by Lorenzo the Magnificent in 1476.
Gallica/Bibliothèque nationale de France
But it did not disappear completely. The interest aroused by this manuscript generated a paper trail of letters, partial copies and other materials which I, along with other researchers, have managed to piece together. These documents allow us to reconstruct not only the trajectory of the manuscript through different courts in Europe, but – crucially – what works it may have contained.
Who were the vernacular poets?
Vernacular literature – that is, literature written in the language normally spoken by the people – only had a marginal role during the Middle Ages and early Renaissance. The "real" culture was Latin. This meant that interest in the early poets who wrote in the Italian vernacular was limited – until the flourishing of the Italian language in the age of Lorenzo de' Medici.
One of these 13th-century poets, Cino da Pistoia, was loved and celebrated by Dante Alighieri in his treatise on the art of poetry, "De vulgari eloquentia". Dante said of his contemporary Cino:
There are a few, I feel, who have understood the excellence of the vernacular: these include Guido, Lapo … and Cino, from Pistoia, whom I place unworthily here at the end, moved by a consideration that is far from unworthy.
A drawing of Cino da Pistoia from the 1808 book, Memorie della vita de Messer Cino da Pistoja by Sebastiano Ciampi.
Guido Cavalcanti was another love poet. He and Dante were best friends and Dante regarded Cavalcanti as an authority on poetry. Cavalcanti is mentioned in Dante's early poetry collection, the Vita nova.
The whole work is addressed to Cavalcanti and Dante even implies that he is writing in Italian because of him. But despite Dante's popularity, even the Vita nova was hard to get hold of before 1576 when it was printed for the first time.
Guittone d'Arezzo was another highly regarded poet. He started as a love poet before becoming the most important author (before Dante) writing on moral and political themes.
The Raccolta Aragonese
The collection of Tuscan poetry sent to Federico d'Aragona by Lorenzo de' Medici in 1477 contained Dante's Vita nova, as well as rare poems recovered from ancient manuscripts by Cino, Guittone, Cavalcanti and many others. The collection was opened by a letter signed by Lorenzo himself.
The manuscript was later named after its owner and became the Raccolta Aragonese ("the Aragon collection"). It became one of Federico's most prized possessions and the object of widespread interest and curiosity.
Federico took it with him when he travelled to Rome at the end of 1492 to swear allegiance to the Borgia Pope Alexander VI. During this trip, he showed it to the scholar Paolo Cortesi, who immediately wrote to Piero de' Medici – the son of the recently deceased Lorenzo the Magnificent. In this letter, Cortesi recounts that he had been shown a manuscript with poems by early vernacular poets, chiefly Cino and Guittone. The excitement is palpable: Cortesi is able to read poems by these authors whose names he had only ever heard mentioned before.
King Federico of Naples (1451-1504) portrayed on a Francesco di Giorgio medal.
Wikimedia, CC BY-SA
Such was the interest in these lost poets that partial copies of the Raccolta started to circulate. The first one was probably made by someone in Federico's inner circle before he became King of Naples in 1496. News about his collection of rare early Italian poems was spreading.
The widow queen and the duchess
Federico was the last sovereign of his dynasty. He lost his throne when Louis XII of France invaded Italy. When he left Naples in the summer of 1501, Federico took the books of the royal library with him. He later had to sell part of them to sustain himself and his followers during his exile in France. But the Raccolta Aragonese was not sold and after his death in 1504 it was passed on to his widow, Isabella del Balzo.
Portrait of Isabella d'Este by Titian (circa 1534-1536).
Wikimedia/KunsthistorischesMuseum
The widow queen then lent the collection to Isabella d'Este, the Duchess of Mantua, in northern Italy, in 1512. She kept it for two months and, even though in her letters she promised not to leave it in other people's hands, it is likely that she commissioned a complete copy which led to further partial copies being made.
Even though the transmission of these copies was in manuscript form – and so not widespread – several Renaissance intellectuals managed to read these "lost" works and were influenced by them in their attempts to reconstruct the history of Italian literature.
The real game-changer came in 1527 when a printed collection of vernacular poetry finally took the works of masters like Cino, Guittone and Cavalcanti to a much wider audience. This is when they stopped being obscure and arcane authors and finally took their place in the canon of Italian literature.
Maria Clotilde Camboni, , University of Oxford
Posted in Article, Italy, Poetry	| Tagged article, Italy, lost, manuscript, poetry | Leave a comment |
Storage Space Doubled in Entry Level Kindles
The links below are to articles reporting on the increase in storage space for entry level Kindles.
– https://goodereader.com/blog/electronic-readers/amazon-kindle-now-has-8gb-of-storage-instead-of-4gb
– https://blog.the-ebook-reader.com/2020/11/30/kindle-now-comes-with-double-the-storage-space/
Posted in Article, Kindle	| Tagged article, entry, increased, Kindle, level, storage | Leave a comment |


text:
2008 Fred Hsiao
2008 Chinese Minnesotan of Note Fred Hsiao
by the Advisory Committee of the Chinese Heritage Foundation
Fred Hsiao was born in a small village in Shaanxi Province in China. He graduated from the National Wuhan University in 1944 and came to the United States for graduate training in civil engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the University of Minnesota. Shortly after his arrival in the Twin Cities he became immersed in the life of the local Chinese community, emerging as a quiet leading force. In both his professional and private lives he has followed the same dictum: work hard, be a good listener, remain fair and kind, treat everyone with respect and courtesy, be frugal but at the same time generous, cultivate personal relationships and honor agreements, maintain optimism, be persistent and in good humor because hard work will pay off. These are qualities that he absorbed from lessons he learned from his home village in China and by which he has abided in the last six decades in this country.
It is therefore no wonder that Shaw-Lundquist Associates, which Hsiao founded in 1974 to provide general contracting, construction management, design-build, concrete, masonry, carpentry, and demolition services to the Upper Midwest, has grown into the largest Minority-owned Contractor in the Midwest and the largest Asian-owned Contractor in the U.S. Hsiao is the recipient of numerous professional achievement awards, including the International Immigrant Achievement Award from The Twin Cities International Citizen Awards and the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Associated General Contractors of Minnesota.
Hsiao, in deep appreciation of the opportunities he has found in this country, began giving back
to the community very early in his career. He and his wife, Jennie, are generous and longtime supporters of many causes and organizations, and have been described as an extraordinary power family who has reinvested much of their worth back into the community through charitable donations. Over the years, hardly a celebrated Chinese cultural event would go by without receiving their enthusiastic and generous support. Recently they established the Hsiao Scholarship at the China Center at the University of Minnesota to provide opportunities for University students to study in China. Hsiao was a founding member of the Chinese American Business Association of Minnesota and currently serves as its honorary president. He also serves on the board of many organizations, including the Chinese Senior Citizens Society and the U.S. China Peoples Friendship Association. He was particularly instrumental in introducing the peasant painters of Huxian County (Shaanxi Province) to Minnesotans. Well known for his cheerfulness, he is always ready to lend a sympathetic ear to friends and strangers alike.
Now in his eighties, Hsiao continues to go to work everyday and enjoys attending activities of the many charitable causes that he champions. The Chinese Heritage Foundation honors him for his unassuming leadership in our community, and for being a role model of lifelong dedication to and achievement in cross cultural understanding and cooperation.
The Chinese Minnesotan of Note is a program of the Chinese Heritage Foundation. These essays are published by China Insight and Minnesota China Tribune, our media partners.
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An identity recognition system is a vital component that cannot be separated from life, iris biometric is one of the biometric that has the best accuracy reaching 99%. Usually, iris biometric systems use infrared spectrum lighting to reduce discomfort caused by radiation when the eye is given direct light, while the eumelamin that is forming the iris has the most flourescent radiation when given a spectrum of visible light. This research will be conducted by detecting iris wavelengths of 850 nm, 560 nm, and 590 nm, where the detection algorithm will be using Daugman algorithm by using a Gabor wavelet extraction feature, and matching feature using a Hamming distance. Results generated will be analyzed to identify how much differences there are, and to improve the accuracy of the multispectral biometric system and as a detector of the authenticity of the iris. The results obtained from the analysis of wavelengths 850 nm, 560 nm, and 590 nm respectively has an accuracy of 99,35 , 97,5 , 64,5 with a matching score of 0,26 , 0,23 , 0,37.


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text:
About Parallel Lines
Abortion: Ancient & Modern (2011)
239.95 269.95 $239.95 - $269.95
Written & Directed by Joe Jenkins, the 3-part documentary explores the ethical, legal and religious dimensions of the abortion debate. In Part 1 of Abortion:Ancient & Modern, the program discusses the legal and ethical attitudes to abortion through the ages, highlighting key ideas such as Animation, Ensoulment, Quickening and The Born Alive rule. We learn that ancient times the dangers of abortion for women were compared with the dangers of war for men and little changed for thousands of years. In Part 2, we learn that while advances in medical technology have given us a window on the world of the womb as never before, they also raise critical questions about personhood, viability, selective abortion and embryology. Part 3 focuses on the abortion debate that is nowhere more hotly disputed than within the Christian religion and explores attitudes to abortion from the Early Church to the modern day, highlighting key concepts such as the Sanctity of Life, Delayed Ensoulment and The Principle of Double Effect. (52 min.)
Format DVD VOD
© 2015 Parallel Lines, All rights Reserved.
Contact About Submit A Documentary


The Detective Conan collaboration bags with Samantha Thavasa was made for sale online recently and made news when everything was sold-out instantly. Because of the popularity of these, it was just announced that they will be made for purchase in stores all over Japan!
These designs, based off Conan Edogawa and Kaito Kid was made which each characters' motifs intricately detailed into these individual items. You can see why they became so popular after all. These items will be seeing a re-release all over physical stores in Japan and there will also be a pop-up store in Omotesando from 11th of April until the 22nd next week.
If you purchased 10,000 yen worth of goods, you'll receive either a Conan or Kaito Kid special glowing can badge. If you're in Japan right now, hurry down to Omotesando to check it out!!


A virtual private network, also known as a VPN, allows users to send and receive data over the Internet anonymously and securely. In some cases, it can also allow people to bypass restrictions imposed by technologies such as a firewall.
In order to secure an Internet connexion, a VPN tunnel is established between the user's device, such as a computer or a smartphone, and the VPN server. All the data sent through this tunnel is encrypted so that it can't be intercepted by a third party in the process.
I have been using ExpressVPN for quite a few years already. I mainly use them to secure my Internet connexion at the hotel when we're on vacation, and sometimes to watch video streams restricted to certain countries. So far, Express VPN has been flawless. I got their VPN client software installed on my Windows desktop, on my iPhone and my iPad. Once configured, you're just one click away from securing your Internet access when you need to.
Express VPN has a network of over 2,000 servers located in 148 locations around the globe. They have a pool of more than 15,000 IP addresses.
Verdict: Really good VPN service although they're a bit pricey.
NordVPN has been advertising heavily on TV lately, so you might already know them. NordVPN just has it all: up to six (6) simultaneous connexions, VPN servers in more than sixty (60) countries and P2P protocols are allowed. Operating under the Panama jurisdiction, NordVPN is therefore allowed to guarantee a no logs policy.
With 3,500 servers worldwide and over 2,000 IP addresses, NordVPN may not have the largest VPN network of them all but we think that at only $2.75/month (or $99 for 3 years), their offer is pretty unbeatable. Their servers are fast and support is amazing.
Ivacy is a VPN service provider based out of Singapore. They have been in business since 2007. Ivacy has over 450 servers across 100+ locations in 50+ countries. Prominent websites such as TechCrunch, TechRadar, LifeHacker and TorrentFreak have been featuring them.
Ivacy's fast servers allows you to access Netflix, Hulu and BBC iPlayer among other streaming services. In addition, Ivacy allows torrents on dedicated P2P servers. They have dedicated servers for Kodi, and since there is no bandwidth restriction, you can download as many torrents as you want.
Ivacy accepts all major credit cards, Paypal, Alipay, Bitpay and other cryptocurrency payment gateways.
CyberGhost is definitely one of the biggest players in the VPN industry, having more than 20 million users already. Along their VPN service, they also provide a free web proxy tool. With more than 1,200 servers spanned across 65 countries, CyberGhost offers a fast and secure VPN service at a reasonable price. The company has a strict no logs policy.
CyberGhost allows you to protect your entire home network by setting up a custom connection with OpenVPN, L2TP or IPSec from your Wi-Fi router if you subscribe to the Premium Plan.
CyberGhost is truly worth checking out. At $99 for 3 years (or $2.75/month), they are a really great option, especially considering they offer a 100% money back guarantee for 30 days.
HideMyAss is a decent VPN service that has been around for quite some time before being bought by AVG Technologies, developers of the famous AVG Antivirus.
HideMyAss has a clean interface which is really easy to use. They have over 850 servers spanned across 21 countries. Unfortunately, HideMyAss is a little bit on the expensive side and some users have complained about slow download speed occasionally.
They have recently introduced a free 30 day trial, but if you don't like the service, don't forget to cancel it otherwise you'll be billed for 12 months automatically when the trial period is over.
PureVPN is a large VPN company owned by Gaditek in Karachi, Pakistan. The service has received poor reviews and slow speed and connection issues are often reported. PureVPN is also admittedly logging some data but they say that none of it can expose you. However, it seems they have been collecting and sharing data with US authorities a few years ago.
What do you want out of your VPN provider or service? In other words, are you living in or often travel to foreign countries where there is Internet censorship or do you live abroad and just want an IP address that will give you access to websites like Hulu, Netflix or BBC iPlayer? Moreover, how important is the data you transmit over the Internet?
What is the reputation and reliability of the VPN providers you are considering? In other words, will you get your full money's worth out of the VPN service you ultimately decide on?
There are plenty of VPN providers who offer VPN packages that range from a few dollars a month to around $20 a month. However and as with any service, you get what you pay for or don't pay for. In other words, a $20 a month VPN service might be more value for your money if its more reliable and secure than a $5 a month VPN service.
The whole point of having VPN is to protect your online privacy and to get around Internet censorship. Hence, your VPN service provider will need to have adequate infrastructure and more importantly, make sure that the provider does not keep a log of your online activities. After all, this would defeat the whole purpose of protecting your online privacy with a VPN service.
Likewise, another point of using a VPN service is to protect the security of your data while surfing the Internet. For users with high security requirements, make sure your VPN provider offers or supports protocols like L2TP, Ipsec or SSL. On the other hand and if you just want to watch streaming websites like Hulu or Netflix, PPTP will be enough.
If you live in China or a number of Middle East countries where there is heavy Internet censorship, you will need a VPN provider that has servers in other countries in order to get around the local firewalls. Likewise and if you need an IP address in a specific country in order to access streaming websites in that country, you will need to make sure that your VPN service provider has servers there.
With the above considerations in mind, you should have no problems finding a couple of VPN service providers who can meet whatever requirements you have for both online security and online privacy.


PORTLAND, Ore., March 27, 2013 /PRNewswire/ -- Today, Househappy.org announced the official launch of its new photo-driven real estate platform for buyers, sellers, and brokers to search and post property for sale around the world––for free. Househappy is a user-generated search engine with the mission to simplify property search and make information accessible to everyone.
Househappy was founded by Kevin McCloskey, a licensed real estate broker in California, Oregon, and Washington, with over 25 years of industry experience. "I created Househappy and tailored the user experience based on years of feedback from buyers and sellers, as well as my experience as a broker," McCloskey said. "Existing real estate sites limit visual search, are crowded with too many charts and graphs, and seem to hinder communication rather than encourage it. We want to minimize the unnecessary visual noise to simplify property search."
Househappy's clean, minimalist design includes scrolling pages of high-quality thumbnail images and user-friendly search filters to make it easier and faster for people to find what they're looking for. Buyers can search for properties that fit their particular requirements (including location, price, financing options, seller concessions, property features, community attractions, and more) and browse by images, not text. Providing user-generated content ensures that all posts contain the most accurate and up-to-date information.
In addition to simplifying search, Househappy is a community platform. Brokers and FSBOs (for sale by owners) can create detailed posts for any property type or sale type, and use their personal profile to directly connect with prospective buyers. Househappy profiles include direct contact information, links to social media, and the ability to track properties you have liked and/or connect with users who have liked your posts. Househappy is optimized for desktop, as well as iOS and Android mobile devices to make it easy to use on-the-go.
"I wanted to create an open platform with free access, social features, and user-friendly search," McCloskey said. "Househappy will provide a platform for all involved to communicate on their own terms, ultimately improving the real estate experience for everybody."
Househappy.org is a free, user-generated real estate platform for buyers, sellers, and brokers to search and post properties for sale around the world. Househappy is optimized for desktop, as well as iOS and Android mobile devices to make it easy to use on-the-go. Located in Portland, Oregon, Househappy was founded by CEO, Kevin McCloskey.


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