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June 29, 2020 by Abdullah Sam
The phrase soft matterit is generally used to define materials which, although presenting in the condensed phase, are neither simple liquids nor crystalline solids. In fact, the ms occupies an intermediate position between the liquid state, in which the molecules are able to freely exchange their positions, and the crystalline solid state, in which they are arranged at the vertices of a lattice. In soft materials, molecules, even without occupying fixed positions, are in some way constrained and do not have the freedom to exchange among themselves. The ms is of great importance in daily life: in fact it is present, for example, in paints, adhesives and soaps and, also, in most of the foods. And its role is crucial in the life sciences sector. Other soft materials are found in important industrial processes,
The first large class of soft materials includes polymers made up of macromolecules in which a large number of hydrocarbon-type units are joined together to form flexible chains. A second large class is represented by colloids, where a phase finely divided into particles which can have dimensions between a few tens of nanometers and a few microns is dispersed in a continuous phase. There are different types of these dispersions, depending on the physical form of the dispersed phase: if it is solid, the dispersion is called sol ; if instead it is made up of droplets of an insoluble liquid in the liquid that makes up the continuous phase, an emulsion is present; finally, when the dispersed phase is made up of bubbles of gas, the dispersion is called foam . Another important category is represented by surfactant solutions, which are usually composed of amphiphilic molecules, containing a highly hydrophilic portion, which tends to dissolve in water, and another markedly hydrophobic, i.e. rejected by water. In an aqueous solution the hydrophobic parts of different surfactant molecules join together to generate particular structures called micelles . Liquid crystals are also very important from a scientific and application point of view, in which anisotropic molecular structures can generate states characterized by intermediate orders between those of a simple liquid and a crystalline solid.
The term softrefers to the macroscopic mechanical properties of this type of materials, which are able to flow under certain conditions. In general, they exhibit viscoelastic properties, that is, showing both the tendency to flow, moreover typical of viscous fluids, and the ability to deform when subjected to stress, typical of elastic fluids. There are therefore very clear differences with respect to the behavior of a crystalline solid, whose molecules appear tightly packed. If a crystalline solid is subjected to compression, its molecules are pushed towards each other causing an atomic excitation that requires energy in the order of a few electron volts per atom. Even minimal compressions are therefore associated with energies very close to those of bond between the atoms and consequently the solids are subject to brittle fracture. Soft materials, on the contrary, are able to withstand very high compressions without suffering any visible damage, despite the fact that their fracture energy is much less. Consider, for example, a polymeric gel, usually characterized by a high resilience, i.e. by a high ability to resist impacts which can be related to the poor connectivity at the molecular level of the material. The polymer molecules form a lattice that can be easily distorted the instant the gel is compressed. The individual macromolecules are flexible, and the molecular bonds inside them can rotate and therefore allow an elongation of the chains without the atomic distortions typical of crystalline solids occurring. The polymer gels also have rather low densities and this allows the polymer chains to have sufficient space to be able to distort freely without causing local molecular thickenings. It must also be taken into account that each polymer chain is not fixed in a single configuration, but fluctuates from one random configuration to another. Since the links in the chain have independent orientations, for certain characteristic dimensions the path described by a polymeric chain in space is random. Compression has the effect of reducing these dimensions by limiting the number of possible configurations. The distortion of the polymer thus causes a decrease in entropy, which requires that work be carried out on the system. In addition, a voltage is produced in the polymer molecule. In any case, the energies involved are far less than those required in the compressions of the crystalline solids, and are in the order ofkT ( k is Boltzmann's constant and T is the absolute temperature), which represents the thermal energy and that, at ambient temperature, that is approximately 1 / 40 electron volts.
The various soft materials, although so different from each other, have some very significant characteristics in common. First of all, the length scales that define their structures, between the atomic and macroscopic dimensions, and which are called mesoscopic. Colloidal particles are typically smaller than one micron, the polymer chains have lengths in the order of a few tens of nanometers. The theoretical models used to describe these materials must take into account this variety of dimensions, emancipating themselves from the details relating to the atomic scale. It is interesting to note that a universal behavior common to various substances emerges: for example, many aspects of the behavior of polymers do not derive from the chemical characteristics of the individual units that compose them, but from the topological ones deriving from the fact that a polymer molecule is long, flexible and cannot be crossed by other chains. A typical example is represented by the viscosity of a polymer, which depends, according to a power law, on the molecular weight of the chains. The optical properties of a dispersion also depend on the average size of the particles that compose it according to a power law. Thermal fluctuations are also a very important factor in determining the characteristics of soft materials. In fact, despite being larger than the atomic dimensions, the structural units that make up the soft materials are generally small enough to suffer the effects of Brownian motion. Not only that, but also the typical energies associated with the formation of the structures present in a soft material are comparable, in order of magnitude, to thermal energy. They should therefore be visualized as subject to continuous motion: the polymer molecules in solution twist and turn continuously,
Finally, the materials are generally characterized by the ability to form structures on a mesoscopic level. Thanks to the importance of Brownian motion, soft materials are able to evolve towards equilibrium, which however must be conceived in a dynamic way. Furthermore, the subtle balances between enthalpic and entropic factors often generate a very varied phase behavior, in which even very complex structures can spontaneously form. At a higher level, supramolecular structures often form .
The types of structures that can occur in soft materials are very different. There are remarkable phenomena of intramolecular organization. A significant example is represented by the helical structure assumed by many polypeptides, due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between neighboring monometric units, with a mechanism not unlike that which governs the formation of the DNA double helix.
Among the most important rearrangement phenomena offered by systems consisting of molecules of a single type are those that can occur in molten copolymers. A copolymer is a polymer chain that is not chemically homogeneous, but has monometric units of two different types, A and B. The succession of the two types of units in the chain can be alternated, when a unit A is always followed by a chain B , or random. In block copolymers, the chains have two separate blocks, one composed entirely of type A units and the other of type B units. If the two portions of a block copolymer are not mutually soluble, in the molten state they tend to separate, but this it is prevented by the fact that the two parts belong to the same chain. Consequently in the fusion microdomains are created, each of which contains the portion A or the portion B of the different copolymer chains. By increasing the size of the domains, the interfacial area between the regions occupied by the portions A and those occupied by the portions B decreases, with a consequent decrease in free energy. At the same time, however, this causes the chains to lengthen, reducing their entropy. In the end, by balancing these two conflicting contributions,A occupied by the blocks A. If ϕ A is small, less than 0 , 2 , spherical domains of A are formed in a matrix of B, while if ϕ A is approximately equal to 0 , 3, the portion A shaped of the cylindrical domains . When, on the other hand, the volumetric fractions occupied by A and B are comparable, lamellar structures are generated.
As mentioned above, other rather well-known examples of organization are represented by the formation of micelles in aqueous surfactant solutions. This process is caused by the so-called hydrophobic effect, which justifies why water and hydrocarbon substances are not mutually miscible. This derives from a local rearrangement of water molecules in tetrahedral structures that is created every time hydrocarbon molecules come to find themselves in an aqueous environment giving rise to a decrease in entropy. The phase separation between water and hydrocarbons usually takes place on a macroscopic scale, but in the case of surfactants, which have an amphiphilic character, this hydrophobic effect causes mesoscopic formation of structures, the micelles, which generally have dimensions that do not exceed a few nanometers. It is the presence of groups with markedly different affinities towards water which endow the surfactants with amphiphilic properties. Often it is an ionic head attached to a hydrocarbon chain. The most common surfactants are salts of fatty acids. These molecules, placed in an aqueous solution, above a certain critical concentration have a propensity to assemble together to form structures that are usually spherical, but which can also take cylindrical or double-layer forms ( The most common surfactants are salts of fatty acids. These molecules, placed in an aqueous solution, above a certain critical concentration have a propensity to assemble together to form structures that are usually spherical, but which can also take cylindrical or double-layer forms ( The most common surfactants are salts of fatty acids. These molecules, placed in an aqueous solution, above a certain critical concentration have a propensity to assemble together to form structures that are usually spherical, but which can also take cylindrical or double-layer forms (Fig. 1 ). There are rather simple geometric criteria to predict the type of structure formed by the surfactant molecules, depending on the value assumed by the ratio v / l c to 0 , where v represents the volume occupied by the hydrocarbon tail, at 0 the area of the head group at the surface of the aggregate and l c the critical length of the chain, related to the length of the hydrocarbon chain, completely extended.
Unlike liquid-crystalline mesophases, liotropic ones are formed in solution, and their formation is controlled by the concentration of a species which usually has an amphiphilic character. The ability to form micelles has been emphasized for surfactants, but in reality they exhibit quite varied phase behavior with increasing concentration. At low concentrations the micelles do not show any type of order related to their positions, but at slightly higher concentrations they tend to manifest repulsive interactions, which can derive from steric effects and of excluded volume. Consequently, the micelles begin to occupy the space more efficiently, settling down, for example, at the vertices of cubes, the sides of which have lengths in theFig. 2 A ), therefore considerably larger than the atomic dimensions. The effect, as regards the macroscopic physical form and the behavior of the materials, is remarkable, given that in these conditions the surfactant solutions take on the appearance of a gel, with very high viscosities, and exhibit a certain flow limit, therefore it is necessary to subject the material to a minimum stress so that it begins to flow. By further increasing the concentration of the surfactant, the micelles take on a cylindrical shape and organize themselves on hexagonal structures, thus forming columnar liquid crystals ( fig. 2 B ). At even higher concentrations the micelles form flat bilayers, which constitute a smectic phase (Fig. 2 C ). In reality, the description given is rather simplified, because the phase behavior of the surfactants is very complicated and depends on the size of the hydrophilic head and the hydrophobic tail, on the ionic strength of the solution, on the possible presence of co-surfactants, etc.
Colloidal dispersions and polymers
The two main classes of soft materials, colloidal dispersions and polymers, can be considered as ways through which polyatomic aggregates can be obtained. In the first case, the dispersed form is often used to obtain materials with particular physical characteristics. For example, the carbon black dispersed in the ink, due to its colloidal nature, shows an efficient absorption of the incident light, or the dispersions in which granules of magnetite are encapsulated in polystyrene particles, in turn dispersed in water, allow to obtain polymer-coated ferrofluids. Sometimes, however, the dispersed form serves to impart particular chemical properties to materials, as in the case of photosensitive granules in photographic films,
Colloidal dispersions can be produced by chopping masses, more or less large, of materials by mechanical methods. The particles obtained in this way are subsequently dispersed in a continuous phase. However, it is not easy to provide sufficient mechanical stresses to obtain colloidal-sized particles, especially when the mass is in the solid state. Furthermore, the dispersions obtained in this way usually consist of particles with a large particle size distribution, and sometimes of irregular shapes. Therefore in general it is preferred to produce colloidal dispersions by resorting to methods by which, in some way, the molecules of a substance, dissolved in a continuous phase, are induced to join together to form the dispersion, such as, for example, through a nucleation process. By operating in such a way that nucleation is completed in a short time, it is possible to obtain dispersions in which the particle sizes are characterized by a rather narrow size distribution.
In any case, colloidal particles have a tendency to join together, under the effect of the attractive forces of van der Waals which become more and more consistent as the particles grow in size. The dispersed state is, in most cases, thermodynamically disadvantaged, since it involves, compared to the massive one, an energy expenditure linked to the formation of the interfacial surface. However, it is possible to stabilize the dispersion, creating a potential barrier between the particles which must be at least greater than kT , or of the energy associated with the molecular motions. It can be obtained through electrostatic or steric effects, or through the combination of the two, through electrosteric effects. Electrostatic stabilization is usually obtained by attaching electrically charged groups to the surface of the particles by chemical or physical adsorption. In this way, locally unbalanced charges are created which cause the onset of Coulombian repulsions between the particles.
The situation is actually a little more complex if the particles are dispersed in water, since ions are always present in the water, which shield electrostatic interactions. A charged surface particle attracts counterions, a part of which binds tightly to the surface of the particle itself forming the Stern layer, while the remaining part forms a diffuse concentration profile, creating an electrostatic potential which, under certain conditions, can be expressed with a function that exponentially decays with the gradual removal from the surface of the particle. By combining the attractive potential that derives from van der Waals forces with the electrostatic repulsive potential, it is possible to obtain the interaction potential between two particles ( fig. 3), as established by the DLVO theory (from the initials of B. Derjaguin, LD Landau, EJ Verwej and T. Overbeek). Since the rapidity with which the electrostatic potential decays when moving away from the surface of the particle increases as the ionic strength of the continuous phase increases, in an electrostatically stabilized dispersion it is possible to prevail the attractive forces and induce flocculation between the particles, adding sufficient quantities of salts.
The steric stabilization of the dispersions is instead obtained by making adsorb polymer molecules on the surface of the particles. Bringing the particles closer together causes compression of the chains of these polymers, compression which induces an osmotic repulsion mechanism: by restricting the number of conformations accessible to each chain, an increase in entropy is caused. Also in this way it is therefore possible to create a potential barrier to flocculation, which unlike electrostatic stabilization is not sensitive to the concentration of salts in solution, but depends on the interactions between polymer and continuous phase, and on temperature. Block copolymers are generally the most efficient systems in imparting steric stabilization: one block must have affinity for the dispersed phase, the other for the continuous phase. Electrosteric stabilization is obtained by substances capable of combining the two electrostatic and steric mechanisms, and is typically obtained bypolyelectrolytes .
If a certain amount of electrolyte is added to an electrostatically stabilized dispersion, or if the temperature is changed to a dispersion that is sterically stabilized, it is possible to induce destabilization, causing the particles to flocculate. The particles, endowed with a certain thermal energy, move under the effect of their Brownian motions and collide, and since they are no longer equipped with any barrier that stabilizes them, each collision causes flocculation. At first doublets and triplets are formed, then larger and larger clusters which, at a certain point, being too large to be subject to Brownian motion, settle.
A flocculation process that has attracted particular attention and that has been widely studied is the so-called diffusive growth process, in which the cluster is built by adding the particles one by one to each other, in conditions of infinite dilution. It is assumed that flocculation occurs with a very high speed, at the infinite limit, and consequently the formation of the cluster is kinetically limited by the diffusion of the particles. In these clusters the particles follow one another following a random path, thus forming highly branched, open, apparently disordered structures typical of fractal systems. For these types of flakes applies a scaling law of the type at k/ In = k exp ( 1 / D f ), where a is the radius of the single particle, in k the radius of the floc, k the number of particles contained therein and D f a parameter called fractal dimension , which is worth 1 , 7 if this aggregation occurs in a two-dimensional space, and 2 , 5if instead it takes place in a three-dimensional space. Diffusional aggregation has many affinities with various growth processes, albeit very different physically, such as the growth of bacterial colonies.
Polymer synthesis can be conceived as another way of forming polyatomic structures by binding small molecules together in a flexible chain. The relative directions of subsequent bonds between the molecules are quite random. The directional correlation between the bonds becomes almost negligible after a few bond lengths, so that the statistical properties of a long polymer chain are those of a random path. However, it should be noted that the 'random path' model does not fully describe the conformation of a polymer in solution, and this is due to the fact that it does not take into consideration any impediment to the possibility that the path returns to a position already previously visited, while it is necessary to take into account the fact that the individual monometric segments repel each other and are mutually impenetrable. If the polymer chain is perfectly described by a random path, its dimensions, described e.g. from the turning radius, they are proportional to the power1 / 2 of the number N of monomer units contained in the chain, but if we take into account the fact that the monomer units repel each other it is estimated that the radius of gyration depends on the power 3 / 5 of N .
The size of a polymer molecule is consequently greater than that which would be calculated by the effect of the random path and the chain is arranged in a more open structure.
The type of symmetry that is observed in a polymer chain is similar to that which occurs in a cluster of particles, and is called a dilational order; its characteristic aspect is represented by the fact that the properties of the material do not vary when a change of scale is made. However, the flexibility of a polymer provides certain properties that particle aggregates do not possess. The latter are 'frozen' in fixed configurations, while the polymer chains are free to explore entire sets of random directions of the bonds. To the randomness of each chain configuration corresponds a certain entropy, which can be exploited as a reservoir of heat and work. A chain can undergo large deformations under the action of weak perturbations, no larger than the thermal energy kT, without however suffering permanent effects. The colloidal dispersions can be concentrated until reaching a dispersed phase content which is corresponding to the "maximum packing" conditions. These are essentially determined by geometric conditions and depend on the particle size distribution of the particles: for a monodisperse dispersion, in which the particles have all the same dimensions, the conditions of maximum packing correspond to a volumetric fraction of particles equal to 0 , 63. Polydisperse distributions make it possible to increase the volumetric fraction which corresponds to the maximum packaging. Polymers, on the other hand, can be concentrated up to volumetric fractions near the unit. In the total absence of solvent, the chains interpenetrate and twist, forming what, with the English term, are called entanglements, so that each chain interacts with hundreds of other chains. Any stress that is imparted on the system is transmitted and can produce large, but reversible deformations in each chain. It is precisely these deformations that produce the return forces that act in elastic materials. The melted polymers respond like elastic materials when the stresses are fast, if instead they are slow, the chains have enough time to free themselves from their entanglements, forgetting about their original distortions: in these conditions they tend to flow, showing at the same time a predominantly viscous rather than elastic behavior. The motion of a polymer chain, bound by the presence of all the other chains to which it is twisted, has been described by a mechanism called reptation. The use of this term, which indicates the movement of many reptiles, in particular of snakes, is explained by the fact that the motion of the polymer chain recalls precisely the movement of a snake that moves its long tail among the blades of grass, which in turn well represent the other chains to which the polymer is twisted and which it cannot cross. The difference between a molten polymer and an elastic material, i.e. a rubber, is represented by the fact that in the latter the entanglements are permanent, and are chemically created by cross-linking reactions.
The rheological behavior of colloidal dispersions is, if possible, more complex than that of polymers, so there is a lack of general models capable of describing it. A. Einstein in 1906 calculated the viscous dissipation produced by the flow around a single sphere, and derived an equation for calculating the viscosity of a dispersion, linear in the volumetric fraction φ of the particles. This equation, however, applies in the case of very dilute systems, for values of φ lower than 3%. Furthermore, in these conditions, the dispersions behave like Newtonian fluids, since their viscosity does not depend on the cutting speed to which they are subjected, nor on the time in which these stresses are applied. As the volumetric fraction of the particles increases, things become more complicated, in the sense that the dispersions begin to show non-Newtonian behaviors and nonlinear dependencies emerge from φ. Viscosity grows exponentially as φ approaches the maximum packing fraction.
With the same volumetric fraction, the flocculated dispersions have higher viscosities than the stable dispersions, because the aggregates shield the flow, which tends to surround them rather than to cross them. However, the flocs, if reversible, tend to break under the action of the stresses and the viscosity therefore tends to return to the value that would compete with the stable dispersion. When the particle clusters take on such dimensions as to pervade the entire dispersion, this has elastic properties, in addition to showing a certain resistance to sliding, associated with the stress necessary to break this diffuse structure.
Interestingly, if the ionic strength of the continuous phase is very low, electrostatically stabilized dispersions can also take on a pseudocrystalline order due to the repulsive forces that tend to block particles on fixed positions: these structures are called colloidal crystals , and they manifest a rather high elastic modulus. When a colloidal crystal is made to flow, imposing a stress greater than its sliding resistance, its structure rearranges itself in order to accommodate a continuous deformation.
Colloidal dispersions often behave like dilating fluids, whose viscosity increases as the cutting speed increases, at fairly high cutting speeds. This type of phenomenon is associated with the formation of layered two-dimensional structures, which are however rather unstable and easily tend to be destroyed.
There are many aspects and phenomena related to the rheology of MS that have not yet been fully understood. Among these it is worth mentioning the reduction of viscous friction, so that few parts per million of polymer added to a liquid are able to significantly alter the way it flows in a tube, delaying the dissipation that occurs near the walls in turbulent flow conditions. Although this effect is widely exploited in practice, it has not yet been fully understood, and is the subject of intense study in the literature.
The importance of MS in life sciences has already been underlined. Traditionally the study of the ms was mainly concerned with systems of biological origin. Most of the glues and paints derived from products of natural origin, as well as most of the fibers. From the second half of the 20th° sec. onwards, the path of science of colloids and polymers and that of biology have progressively separated. On the one hand, in fact, we have witnessed the invention of synthetic polymers and the massive development of the plastic industry; on the other, the discovery of the genetic code and the development of protein crystallography have paved the way for the birth of molecular biology, which has achieved extraordinary success over the past few decades. However, molecular biology and the study of MS still have many themes in common. Suffice it to note that some of the key components of molecular biology, such as e.g. nucleic acids, proteins and polysaccharides are polymers. Furthermore, many of the most important biomembranes, such as e.g. phospholipids, are formed by assembly of amphiphilic molecules, in which two hydrocarbon chains attach to a single polar head group. This type of structure favors the formation of bilayers, even if the biomembranes are actually made up of complex mixtures of phospholipids and other amphiphilic molecules, as you can see inFig. 4 , which shows a schematic diagram of the membrane of a eukaryotic cell. It is now recognized that biomembranes formed by lipids synthesized by abiotic way played a very important role at the origin of life, since they allowed to compartmentalize the first biochemical reactions, thus constituting the prototypes of the cells. Biomembranes have evolved to a much greater degree of sophistication, but their behavior is subject to the same physical principles that allowed the formation of their very important progenitors.
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Тоннер ( — гром; патронник):

 Тоннер — французская коммуна на Бургундском канале в департаменте Йонна.
 Тоннер — средневековое бургундское феодальное образование, столицей которого был город Тоннер.
 «Тоннер» — камерунский футбольный клуб из столицы страны города Яунде.
  — французский военный корабль типа «Мистраль».
 Луи Буазрон-Тоннер (1776—1806) — гаитянский политик, революционер, писатель и историк.

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Preferred Method--Complete FSA-444 for payroll deduction of dues ($2/per pay period for regular members) and submit to your state office. Please cc Elizabeth Johnson lizzy0520@gmail.com.
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Veronica Mars: Season 1 Review
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Once one of the popular kids, teenager Veronica Mars finds herself an outcast after a series of events that began with the murder of her best friend. Now following in her private eye father's footsteps, she takes cases from her classmates, while trying to solve the murder and avenge her friend.
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Jun 14, 2019 - Spring breakers are getting murdered in Neptune, thereby decimating the seaside town's lifeblood tourist industry. After Mars Investigations is hired by the family of one of the victims to find their son's killer, Veronica is drawn into an epic eight-episode mystery that pits the enclave's wealthy elites, who would rather put an end to the month-long bacchanalia, against a working class that relies on the cash influx that comes with being the West Coast's answer to Daytona Beach. Veronica Mars will premiere all episodes on Friday, July 26, on Hulu.
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Outlandish performer Nicki Minaj to headline Jeddah World Fest in Saudi Arabia
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By Aya Batrawy, Associated Press
July 3 2019 10:51 AM
0 Comments Outlandish performer Nicki Minaj to headline Jeddah World Fest in Saudi Arabia
Hip-hop star Nicki Minaj will perform in ultra-conservative Saudi Arabia as it sheds decades of restrictions on entertainment.
"She's going to go and shake her ass and all her songs are indecent and about sex and shaking ass and then you tell me to wear the abaya,"
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Yahoo Daily News 2019-07-16
Nicki Minaj cancels Saudi Arabia concert 'to show support for women and LGBTQ community'
Nicki will no longer perform in Saudi Arabia (Picture: Getty, Instagram, Nicki Minaj) Nicki Minaj has pulled out of an upcoming concert in Saudi Arabia, stating that she...
Metro UK 2019-07-09
4 things we learned about Red Lobster from Nicki Minaj, who used to work there and got fired
Rapper Nicki Minaj taught " Tonight Show" host Jimmy Fallon a thing or two about the restaurant chain Red Lobster when the two visited the Times Square location for a...
Business Insider 2019-06-28
Fans think Nicki Minaj just hinted she is pregnant in tweet about 'no alcohol'
Rumours of Nicki being pregnant have started up again. (Picture: Getty; Instagram/nickiminaj) The Nicki Minaj pregnancy rumour mill has fired up again – fans are...
DJ Khaled - Wish Wish ft. Cardi B, 21 Savage
GOLD Bugatti, TRON Aventador, Aventador ROADSTER, FAB SLR! Arab Millionaire Boy Racers in London!
Chris Brown - No Guidance (Audio) ft. Drake
PYP 4 CLASS CARNIVAL DANCE
Bull Riding - HELL DANGEROUS
Mariah canon aka maria carey
Lil Wayne | How to love | Rohit Gosain | robodance | stage performance|
Lucy Lawless - Top 10 Sex Bombs ( Part 2 )
Nicki Minaj to headline Jeddah World Fest in Saudi Arabia
Prosecutors Demand Mexican Megachurch Leader Be Held Without Bail On Child Rape Charges
Apollo astronauts meet at historic launchpad
The News International
Iran's Supreme Leader Promises To Retaliate Over UK's Seizure Of Oil Tanker In Gibraltar
Nick Minaj drags BET Awards over lackluster ratings as she continues to feud with network: ...
Nicki Minaj has blasted the BET Awards for low ratings as her feud with the network is rolling on. The 36-year-old rapper and her record label had canceled plans perform at the 2019 BET Experience festival after she was 'offended' by the network. Nicki took to Twitter to take aim at the network after their annual award show showed only two million people viewed the show on...
Nicki Minaj to perform in Saudi Arabia later this month; rapper\'s decision leaves netizens confused
Attach Main Entertaiment Image: gettyimages-1058146204.jpg Rapper Nicki Minaj is all set to head to Saudi Arabia to perform at the Jeddah World Festival later this month. According to reports, the 36-year-old rap star will be joining Liam Payne and DJ Steve Aoki as the headliners for the event, which will take place at the King Abdullah Sports Stadium. The concert's website...
Pinkvilla
Nicki Minaj's new album is on the way and she's got a secret release date
Nicki announce the news on the Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon (Picture: Ander Gillenea/AFP/Getty Images) Nicki Minaj's new album could be on its way very soon. The Anaconda hitmaker recently announced she has started work on a follow up to her fourth studio album, Queen. She appeared on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon to announce the news. 'You're the first to find...
Nicki Minaj Slams BET Awards, Says Network Hurts Artists \'Who Have Always Supported Your Show\'
On Thursday (June 27), Nicki Minaj thrashed BET on Twitter over a report that said the awards show drew its lowest ratings ever this past Sunday. "When u go out of ur way to b spiteful & hurt artists who have always supported ur show... when you fire great ppl who have put their heart & soul into the show... when you'd rather be a messy reality show than a prestigious award...
Nicki Minaj Slams BET Awards, Says Network Hurts Artists "Who Have Always Supported Your Show"
On Thursday (June 27), Nicki Minaj thrashed BET on Twitter over a report that said the awards show drew its lowest ratings ever this past Sunday. "When u go out of ur way to b spiteful & hurt artists who have always supported ur show… when you fire great ppl who have put their heart & soul into the show… when you'd rather be a messy reality show than a prestigious award show…...
Nicki Minaj Asked to Cancel Saudi Arabia Concert by Human Rights Foundation
The Human Rights Foundation is calling on Nicki Minaj to cancel her headlining performance at the Jeddah World Fest in Saudi Arabia later this month, sending Minaj an open letter that aims to inform her of what the HRF says is a "human rights crisis" in the country. Minaj is one of the headliners of the festival, along with Liam Payne, Steve Aoki and R3 Wire & Varski, which is...
Jeddah World Fest | Rapper Nicki Minaj to headline mega music festival in Saudi مهرجان جدة العالمي
Title: Rapper Nicki Minaj to headline mega music festival in Saudi Arabia Jeddah — Get ready for Summer, Saudi Arabia's greatest live music festival is confirmed! Nicki Minaj, Liam Payne and K-pop group Super Junior to perform in Saudi Arabia this month Jeddah World Fest is an incredible music festival featuring live performances from some of the world's hottest stars like Nicki Minaj, Liam Payne, DJs, Steve Aoki, CLUB MTV Ambassadors R3WIRE & VARSKI. The awesome show takes place beside the epic King Abdullah Sports City Stadium and features the largest stage ever produced in the Middle East as part of the 41-day Jeddah Season Festival encompassing more than 150 events culminating in the region's biggest ever live musical event, the Jeddah World Fest. The line-up will feature top international star performers all taking to the stage on one incredible night. This is the first time ever these stars will perform live in Saudi Arabia. "This is the largest musical festival of its kind in the region that will be broadcast to a global audience in more than 100 countries," said Eng. Raed Abuzinadah, Director General Jeddah Season. Robert Quirke, President of ROQU Media International, said: "This international project is truly special for Jeddah City and for all the young people of Saudi Arabia. This is the first global music festival of this scale in KSA and is sure to absolutely wow the lucky audience in Jeddah like never before on July 18." مهرجان جدة العالمي, احتفال موسيقي مهرجان جدة العالمي للموسيقى في ضيافة مدينة الملك عبد الله ال في السعودية، تستضيف مدينة الملك عبد ا...
\"Father Of Asahd\" available at http://smarturl.it/FatherOfAsahd Director: Eif Rivera & DJ Khaled Producer: Jay Tauzin & Krista Worby Production Company: ERG Designs DJ Khaled online: https://www.twitter.com/djkhaled https://www.instagram.com/djkhaled/ https://www.facebook.com/officialdjkhaled/ (C) 2019 We The Best / Epic Records, a division of Sony Music Entertainment...
This is a compilation video of some of the Arab supercars in London during the Autumn/October 2013 holiday period. Most of the content was filmed in the affluent areas of Knightsbridge and Mayfair in London. Sir Philip Green, the retail magnate, can also be seen outside The Dorchester hotel inspecting some of the supercars whilst on a phone call! Cars featured include: Gold Chrome Bugatti Veyron (Saudi) Tron Lamborghini Aventador (Qatar) Chrome Red Mercedes SLS AMG (Kuwait) Gold Mansory Rolls Royce Ghost (Kuwait) Lamborghini Aventador Roadster (Dubai) Mansory 458 Siracusa (Qatar) Mercedes SLS AMG (Saudi Arabia - UK Plates) Lamborghini Gallardo (Saudi Arabia - UK Plates) Mercedes G63 AMG (Saudi Arabia - UK Plates) Baby Blue Aston Martin Vanquish (Bahrain) Ferrari 458 (Saudi Arabia) Lamborghini Aventador (Qatar - UK Plates) Metallic Blue Rolls Royce Ghost (Kuwait) McLaren SLR Desire Fab Design (Abu Dhabi) Vorsteiner Ferrari 458 (Saudi Arabia - UK Plates) Please visit and \'like\' our Facebook page for pictures! Enjoy and thank you for watching :) Please rate, comment, subscribe. ------------------------------------------------------------ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/KnightsbridgeSpotter Camera: Sony HX20V http://amzn.to/VqXJtS...
"No Guidance\" ft. Drake out now! https://smarturl.it/NoGuidance Follow Chris Brown: http://www.chrisbrownworld.com/ https://www.facebook.com/chrisbrown https://twitter.com/chrisbrown http://instagram.com/chrisbrownofficial http://smarturl.it/CBSpotify?IQid=yt Follow Drake: https://www.instagram.com/champagnepapi/ https://twitter.com/Drake https://www.facebook.com/Drake/ http://www.ovosound.com/ #ChrisBrown #Drake #NoGuidance #Indigo...
WaTch at your own risk!...
artist - Rohit Gosain FB : https://www.facebook.com/TheRohitGosain IG : https://www.instagram.com/TheRohitGosain...
Lucy Lawless - Top 10 Sex Bombs ( Part 2 )...
Nicki Minaj to headline Jeddah World Fest in Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia has said hip-hop star Nicki Minaj will be performing there in the latest eye-popping announcement as the kingdom sheds decades of restrictions on entertainment. The female rapper is known for her outlandish style and hits like Anaconda. Her lyrics are often laced with profanities and she was criticised by Christian groups for her 2012 Grammy Awards performance that included dancing priests and an exorcism. Nicki Minaj performs on stage with Leigh-Anne Pinnock, Jade Thirlwall, Perrie Edwards and Jesy Nelson of Little Mix at the MTV Europe Music Awards in Bilbao, Spain (Ian West/PA) Saudi organisers announced she will be the headline act at the Jeddah World Fest on July 18, which is being broadcast globally and covered by MTV. To boost tourism and Saudi Arabia's image, the kingdom is promising quick electronic visas for international visitors who want to attend. Such concerts are a stark change from when Saudi morality police would raid establishments that played loud music. Share or comment on this article: Nicki Minaj to headline Jeddah World Fest in Saudi Arabia e-mail Sorry we are not currently accepting comments on this article....
Title: Rapper Nicki Minaj to headline mega music festival in Saudi Arabia Jeddah — Get ready for Summer, Saudi Arabia's greatest live music festival is confirmed! Nicki Minaj, Liam Payne and K-pop group Super Junior to perform in Saudi Arabia this month Jeddah World Fest is an incredible music f
\"Father Of Asahd\" available at http://smarturl.it/FatherOfAsahd Director: Eif Rivera & DJ Khaled Producer: Jay Tauzin & Krista Worby Production Company: ERG Designs DJ Khaled online: https://www.twitter.com/djkhaled https://www.instagram.com/djkhaled/ https://www.facebook.com/officialdjkhaled/ (
This is a compilation video of some of the Arab supercars in London during the Autumn/October 2013 holiday period. Most of the content was filmed in the affluent areas of Knightsbridge and Mayfair in London. Sir Philip Green, the retail magnate, can also be seen outside The Dorchester hotel inspecti
"No Guidance\" ft. Drake out now! https://smarturl.it/NoGuidance Follow Chris Brown: http://www.chrisbrownworld.com/ https://www.facebook.com/chrisbrown https://twitter.com/chrisbrown http://instagram.com/chrisbrownofficial http://smarturl.it/CBSpotify?IQid=yt Follow Drake: https://www.instagram
WaTch at your own risk!
artist - Rohit Gosain FB : https://www.facebook.com/TheRohitGosain IG : https://www.instagram.com/TheRohitGosain
Nicki Minaj to headline Jeddah World Fest in Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia has said hip-hop star Nicki Minaj will be performing there in the latest eye-popping announcement as the kingdom sheds decades of restrictions on entertainment. The female rapper is known for her outlandish style and hits li


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1981 saw the opening of the very first Schuh shop here in the UK up in Edinburgh. Their philosophy was simple: "to provide individual high fashion footwear, sold in a unique and exciting retail environment."
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In January 2014, Schuh were awarded the Micros Grand Prix Golden Award for Delivery Excellence.
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Schuh's return policy, which includes sale items, is to offer a refund or exchange on all items that are unused and returned with a receipt within 365 days. If an item is faulty they are happy to offer a refund or exchange where available. Due to hygiene reasons socks that have been removed from their original packing cannot be returned.
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None of the personal data Schuh have about customers is passed on to third parties, except to fulfil the delivery of goods to you or to process a debit or credit card payment.


text:
Home » Internet Trolls Fuel Vaccine Misinformation
Internet Trolls Fuel Vaccine Misinformation
Russian 'troll farm' allegedly sent out divisive tweets
H1N1 vaccine fears may fuel pandemic, undercut hospital, public health response
MMR and autism: Myth and misinformation
Antivaccination Movement Fuels Return of Measles
Health Effects of Cannabis in Healthcare
New CMS Emergency Management Standards: Understanding The Final Rule
2018 Infection Control Series
The anti-vaccine movement in the United States threatens to undermine herd immunity to preventable infectious diseases through circulation of false fears. Pockets of susceptible populations — who have refused vaccination for childhood disease like measles or seasonal infections like flu — can set off outbreaks that threaten vulnerable individuals.
In the wake of these outbreaks and the ensuing controversy about vaccination, social media has become a battlefield of divisive rhetoric, some of it posted just to create the illusion of a "debate" and keep people divided. To establish this false equivalency, some tweets from the same sources have posted both negative and positive messages about vaccines, a recent study1 found.
Researchers looked at vaccine-related messages posted online from July 2014 through September 2017. The analysis included "#VaccinateUS" tweets, which were "uniquely identified with Russian troll accounts linked to the Internet Research Agency — a company backed by the Russian government specializing in online influence operations," they reported.
"Whereas bots that spread malware and unsolicited content disseminated antivaccine messages, Russian trolls promoted discord," they concluded. "Accounts masquerading as legitimate users create false equivalency, eroding public consensus on vaccination."
New Normal?
Hospital Infection Control & Prevention sought further information in an interview with the lead author of the study, David A. Broniatowski, PhD, a professor of engineering and applied science at George Washington University in Washington, DC.
HIC: While the antivaccine movement has been going on for years in the U.S., some of the tweets you analyzed were from the same sources in Russia charged with sending divisive posts during the buildup to the 2016 U.S. presidential election.
Broniatowski: We can't really say anything explicitly about intent, but we can look at patterns of behavior. What we know is that these particular accounts had been involved in transmitting messages that were divisive along a range of different topics. They were identified by NBC News as traced to the Internet Research Agency, [according to] the Justice Department. We found there were several tweets and retweets about vaccines coming from these accounts.
They were about vaccines but generally linked to known issues within American society, such as racial, religious, and gender issues. You don't usually see this type of discourse about vaccines, so it really did seem to be trying to establish a kind of linkage.
HIC: You also report links between the vaccine tweets and conspiracy theories, criticism of the U.S. government, criticism of science, etc.
Broniatowski: A lot of the messages seem to reflect a lack of trust in government. Although, you also have messages that say something like "vaccines work" or "science works." There were also a fair number of messages about "elites vs. normal people." The focus seemed to be on stirring up dissent and discord.
HIC: Did you see any specific posts about widely refuted allegations, such as the MMR vaccine causes autism?
Broniatowski: We certainly saw that messages such as those were retweeted by these accounts, but most of messages that were generated by these [Russian] accounts were very general. It takes more in-depth knowledge to know that is happening in the U.S. On the other hand, the general idea that vaccines are bad doesn't take much background cultural knowledge. We didn't see as many [claims against specific vaccines] in the novel tweets that were generated by these accounts.
HIC: Was it possible to assess the effect of this social messaging on vaccinations?
Broniatowski: Our study was primarily observational, but that would be a valuable direction for future work. We do know that exposure to this so-called vaccine "debate" does reduce confidence in vaccination. Even if people believe vaccines are safe and effective, it creates hesitance. Although we didn't explicitly measure whether these tweets had that effect, it is a known outcome of exposure to a "debate" that makes it seem to appear that there are two valid sides.
HIC: You conclude with colleagues that "beyond attempting to prevent bots from spreading messages over social media, public health practitioners should focus on combating the messages themselves while not feeding the trolls." That seems like a very fine line to draw in dealing with this.
Broniatowski: It is a fine line. The specific details of how to do that is another important area for future research. These messages at a very high level suggest that there is a debate to be had [on vaccines].
On the other hand, by engaging in that you create the impression that there is a debate. If you find yourself confronted with a troll who is giving you either pro- or anti-vaccine messages, simply acknowledging that debate may be counterproductive.
Pro, Con, and Chaos
The tweets that follow were cited in the study. They were linked to Russian troll operations. The study notes that themes include, among others, "Can't trust government on vaccines," "Natural immunity is better," and "Vaccines cause autism." Pro-vaccination tweets also were disseminated, "consistent with a strategy of promoting political discord."
Some of the anti-vaccine tweets:
• "... Mandatory #vaccines infringe on constitutionally protected religious freedoms."
• "Did you know there was a secret government database of #vaccine-damaged children?"
• "Pharmacy companies want to develop #vaccines [for] cash, not to prevent deaths."
• "Natural infection almost always causes better immunity than #vaccines."
• "Don't get #vaccines. Illuminati are behind it."
• "Did you know #vaccines caused autism?"
• "#Vaccines contain mercury! Deadly poison!"
• "Most diseases that #vaccines target are relatively harmless in many cases, thus making #vaccines unnecessary."
Some of the pro-vaccine tweets:
• "Vaccines save 2.5 million children from preventable diseases every year."
• "Your kids are not your property! You have to #vaccinate them to protect them and all the others!"
• "You can't fix stupidity. Let them die from measles, and I'm for #vaccination!"
• "My freedom ends where another person's begins. Then children should be #vaccinated if disease is dangerous for OTHER children."
• "#Vaccines cause autism — Bye, you are not my friend anymore. And try to think with your brain next."
• "Do you still treat your kids with leaves? No? And why don't you #vaccinate them? It's medicine!"
Broniatowski DA, Jamison AM, Qi S, et al. Weaponized Health Communication: Twitter Bots and Russian Trolls Amplify the Vaccine Debate. Am J Public Health 2018;108:1378–1384.
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Hospital Infection Control & Prevention
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Begin Test
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Financial Disclosure: Peer Reviewer Patrick Joseph, MD, reports that he is a consultant for Genomic Health, Siemens, and CareDx. Senior Writer Gary Evans, Editor Jesse Saffron, Editor Jill Drachenberg, Nurse Planner Patti Grant, RN, BSN, MS, CIC, and Editorial Group Manager Terrey L. Hatcher report no consultant, stockholder, speaker's bureau, research, or other financial relationships with companies having ties to this field of study.


On December 19, 1989, President Bush lifted restrictions on loans by US Import-Export Bank to American companies trading with China. The restriction was part of a sanction measure imposed by the US Congress in November as a response to the Tiananmen Massacre.
Bush also issued a permit for an Australian company to launch three US-made communications satellites using China's rockets. After the massacre, the American government froze any export to China that could be used for military purpose. The satellite launch fell into the category and had been suspended since.
In an official statement, Bush pointed out that the actions would benefit American national interest and be helpful to sustain the commercial cooperation between the US and China.


text:
Introducing the Drift Platform
By Elias Torres • Dec 5, 2017
When we launched Drift back in 2016, we were a messaging tool, plain and simple. But as we talked to the marketers and salespeople using our product day after day, week after week, month after month, and incorporated their feedback into the product, Drift began to evolve.
Today, what started out as a messaging tool has become the world's first conversational marketing and sales platform.
And we're pumped to announce that with the launch of our developer platform, now everyone can build on top of Drift.
As of today, Drift is an open platform.
We're opening our doors and rolling out new tools for developers to build amazing apps and integrations for our customers. These will be the solutions that power the next wave of marketing and sales.
And while the platform is brand new, the decision was one we made in the early days of the company: We've always wanted Drift to be an open platform.
^ we're in the #1 spot on Product Hunt right now if you want to come say hello.
That's because we're focused on changing the way that people buy from businesses, and we know this change won't happen overnight — and that we can't do it alone. So we wanted to build a platform that anyone could build on top of, and that allows conversations to flow in and out (versus having all the data locked up in our system).
For the first time ever, developers will be able to build apps and integrations based on the words that prospects and customers are actually using in real-time — not just on past behaviors or events like emails or page views.
This is the first platform built on the real-time voice of the customer.
At Drift, customers always come first. And we strongly believe that opening up our platform will give our customers even more opportunities to succeed.
Keep reading for a closer look at what the launch of the Drift Platform means for Drift customers. In a hurry? Check out the SlideShare version below:
Everything You Need For Sales & Marketing, All in One Place
If you use Slack (like we do at Drift), you know that they offer a host of third-party tools and integrations for making the collaboration experience better.
For example, we use the "/zoom" command all the time to launch Zoom meetings right from within Slack.
With the Drift Platform, you can now do the same thing inside of Drift — only instead of using those slash (/) commands to improve collaboration, you can use them to improve the conversations you're having with leads and customers.
For example, our engineers recently built a translation bot (code name: Babel Bot) on top of the Drift Platform using the Google Cloud Translation API.
So now if someone lands on your site and starts a conversation in a different language, you can use a simple "/translate" command in Drift to translate what they're saying and to translate your response back into their language.
And that's only the beginning.
With the Drift Platform, Drift customers can now build exactly what they need to fit their company's marketing and sales strategy, whether that's setting up rules and logic to match their internal workflows, or creating internal commands to make life easier (just like you can do in Slack).
Let's take a closer look at what you can build….
What Can You Build on the Drift Platform?
1) Bots
Conversations are at the core of what we're building here at Drift. And we discovered early on that AI and bots aren't here to replace conversations, they're here to help you make conversations with leads and customers even better.
Now, anyone can build a bot to assist them in a Drift conversation.
For example, in addition to building a translation bot, our engineers recently set out to build a bot that could solve an even bigger, more important problem that has been plaguing Drift…
The lack of GIFs.
Using Giphy's API, our engineers built a bot that lets you insert GIFs directly into Drift conversations via the "/giphy" command.
But just a quick word of warning: Use your GIFs wisely. While they can help you add an element of fun to your conversations, you don't want them to interfere with the overall quality of the conversations leads and customers are having with you.
That being said, please enjoy this GIF of our product manager Matt playing ping pong…by himself…in a shark costume.
2) Integrations
At Drift, we've always offered integrations with some of the world's top marketing and sales applications.
Traditionally, customers have had to wait around for us to build these integrations. Now, with the launch of the Drift Platform, anyone who serves salespeople and marketers can build integrations with Drift that allow you to send, receive, update, and/or delete contact information.
That includes all 5,000+ companies in the marketing technology space. All of those companies can now build integrations with Drift.
3) Reporting and Analytics
We get it: the way we measure performance isn't always going to line up with the way your team measures performance.
Now, with the Drift Platform, customers can build reporting and analytics that don't come out of the box with Drift. More specifically, you can get data around your team's conversations and contacts, and track only those metrics that matter to your business.
The Drift App Directory
For customers, the Drift Platform makes it easy to add additional functionality to Drift, and to integrate with your favorite apps.
For potential partners, the platform offers the opportunity to get your app in front of the 50,000+ businesses using Drift via our new App Directory.
When a developer builds and submits an app in the Drift Platform, it gets reviewed and added to the App Directory — where Drift customers can then discover and use it.
If you're thinking about building an app and submitting to the directory, here's something to help get you motivated:
For the first 10 partners that build on top of Drift, our marketing team will be your marketing team. We'll help you launch and promote your new bot or integration, throwing the full power of the Drift marketing team behind it. ⚡
So, what will you build?
We can't wait to see what everyone builds on top of Drift.
So to all you marketers and salespeople out there, tell your developers that the Drift platform is officially open.
We'd love to hear your ideas and get building — right now.
Seriously, let's go! And remember: our first 10 partners will get the royal treatment when they launch.
Learn more about what your company can build with Drift.


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Q: Laravel 8 Yajra datatables - Why is sorting by date not correct? Note: There were many duplicates of this question, but most of them are for JavaScript, and few for yajra (php) that didn't solve the issue.
I have datatable with "started date", when I order it by asc it goes:
Mar, Jan, Feb, Apr

When ordered by desc:
Apr, Feb, Jan, Mar

"Datatables might be reading the date as string, change it to a date"

I did, like this:
->parameters([
                'columnDefs' => [
                    ['targets' => [4], 'type' => 'date'],
                ],
            ]

And also in the controller like this:
->editColumn('startDateTime', function ($report) {
                    return $report->startDateTime ? with(new DateTime($report->startDateTime))->format('M d, Y H:i') : '';
                })

I tried different methods in the controller like:

*

*return date('d M, Y H:i', strtotime($report->startDateTime));

*return $report->startDateTime->format('d M, Y H:i:s');
In the html aka blade form I use input type datetime-local where the default date insert is mm-dd-yyyy --:--:--
I changed the data type from datetime to timestamp in MySQL and vice versa to test.
In the model, I added this code:
protected $dates = [
        'startDateTime',
        'endDateTime',
    ];

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Lisa Schwarz es una deportista alemana que compitió para la RFA en piragüismo en la modalidad de aguas tranquilas. Ganó una medalla de bronce en el Campeonato Mundial de Piragüismo de 1954 en la prueba de K2 500 m.

Palmarés internacional

Referencias

Schwarz, Lisa


Forum » Game News » Halloween festival 2018!
Halloween is a holiday that goes back to the traditions of the ancient Celts. Despite the fact that the holiday is dedicated to the dead - this holiday brings smiles, parties, masquerades and the joy for kids from full bags of sweets! 1100AD team congratulates all the players on this pumpkin holiday and wishes you all joy and happiness as well as to never forget your ancestors!
Fun fact: The name "Halloween" comes from the Scottish abbreviation of the English phrase "All-Hallows-Eve" - "the eve of All Saints Day."
In honor of the holiday from 10/30/2018 to 11/15/2018, you will find new products, contests, discounts and hot offers!
At the time of the celebration in the game, there will be two new soldiers - Baytlin house witches. Two charming sisters Mary and Kali are ready to serve their master and participate in all battles! Charming female warriors can be obtained for a mini-game, purchased or received as a gift. House sisters will serve until the end of December, after which they will automatically be removed. The exact time of the disappearance will be announced later.
All heroes received an additional 3 levels to all skills except Intelligence. To raise the level of any skill, you will need a special artifact that can be found in promotions or in rewards for mini-games or created using a recipe in a festive tree.
Attention: such skills as logistics and movement will also have a limit - no more than 90% of the initial speed.
Great architects came to our lands from distant places and all draft buildings received 2 additional levels. To improve the buildings, you will need drafts that can be found in rewards for mini-games and contests, or created using a recipe in a festive tree.
At the time of the holidays in the valley, a new temporary location "Sugar Castle" will appear. Sugar castle has a higher chance of dropping rare items, but be careful - the new defenders of the location are not very friendly and will not give you their treasures without a good fight!
In the Skill Tree, there are new levels with skills. Earn points, pump skills and become even stronger!
The holiday is about to begin and it`s time to get ready for the festival of the dead! To complete the task, you need to collect special artifacts that can be obtained for research in temporary locations (Wrecked wagon, Military Camp, Fair, Dense Forest, Zhizorsky Castle, Sugar Castle, Aphrodite Temple). Those artifacts must be inserted into suitable slots on the game field. When all parts are in their place, the player receives the indicated reward. The reward list can be shuffled for gold.
For each player, statistics are kept about how many costumes were collected. At the end of the holiday, the TOP 10 best players will receive a prize. You can see your place in the TOP statistics.
There is also a mid server competition in the Halloween Festival Mini-game!
Top 10 best players among all servers that score the most points in a mini-game will receive valuable prizes as well as TOP-5 Orders among all servers will have the opportunity to win +1 point to the Order skill.
Take a part in the "Match three" Mini-game! Once in a while, you will receive free moves, and additional moves can be purchased for gold. Statistics are maintained for each player and at the end of the holidays, the TOP 10 best players from each server will receive individual prizes!
The rules of the game are very simple: You need to assemble a row or column of 3, 4 or 5 identical elements. Depending on the number of items collected, the player gets points. Obstacles will appear on the playing field in the form of blocks that block elements. You can break the blocks by crossing two striped elements or two bombs, or you can break it with a hammer. The blocks can be strong and one time will not be enough to completely break the block.
Collect points and get great prizes! The more games, the more valuable the prizes.
Statistics on the number of points are kept for each player and for each Order, and at the end of the holidays TOP 10 best players and TOP 10 best Orders * will receive valuable prizes. Win different items for yourself and extra skill points for the order!
Players also have access to TOP, in which the most effective Order will be determined among all the participating Orders. The best 3 Orders for this TOP will receive +1 additional point to the skills of the Order.
Additionally, we announce the mid-server contest!
Each player who has reached 30 million points among all servers will receive a festive prize set and a bonus city with 20,000 mercenary and population points, and for every next +1 million points the city bonus will be increased by 1,000 points.
Additionally, the top 5 Orders for effectiveness, winners in the mid-server competition, will receive special prizes in each category!
Note: The final limit in the game for city points is 99 points. Those players who have already reached this limit will also receive prizes used for game levels, but in order to receive a guaranteed prize city, you will need to contact technical support specifying which city you want to replace while retaining all of the bonuses.
Keep track of the game statistics and win unique prizes!
In all temporary locations a special artifact "The Bowl of Gloom" can be found. For each player, statistics on the number of artifacts found is kept and at the end of the holidays,TOP 10 best players will receive valuable prizes.
- 30% for the purchase of items in the store.
During the celebration, players will have the opportunity to exchange ancient coins for items through the store. The limit was also increased to 10 for the opportunity to acquire OVL and OVN. We also remind you that the points also have limits: you can have 2500 OVL and 2000 OVN maximum.
1. Fixed graveyard. Now you can donate 15 heroes per week.
2. All locations switched to 11-level mode. This change applies to all servers.
3. Added the ability to see the coordinates of locations in the repository, as well as identify unfinished locations.
4. The principle of activating protection against attacks for already besieged objects has been changed.
5. Added the ability to increase the defense and attack of heroes to 10,000 points.
6. Islagrade, Nanban, Outremer: changed the location capture mode. Now the capture of locations occurs by siege. Other servers can switch to this mode as desired. In order to enable this mode on your server, you must collect confirmation of consent from a minimum of 5 TOP Orders of your server.


Author's Note: The following is Chapter 48 of the my online book "Excited Delirium". Please post comments. Please tell your friends about this story. If you've missed a chapter, please click here for Chapter 1 (Prelude) or here for the full index .
Author's Note: The following is Chapter 46 of the my online book "Excited Delirium". Please post comments. Please tell your friends about this story. If you've missed a chapter, please click here for Chapter 1 (Prelude) or here for the full index .
A group of twenty of the finest industrialists and businessmen of various ages and sizes sat around a large, wood and steel oblong table that would have appeared large had it not been for the fact that it was placed in the middle of a massive meeting room that overlooked Central Park in New York.
These men – and they were all men – were the leaders of the different business entities of the OMNINet. All were white, all were well-polished, and all were exceptionally prepared for this important meeting that took place every year at the same time in the same location.


text:
Q: Downloading file from a folder in S3 Bucket using golang I am trying to download a tar file inside a folder from a S3 bucket using the AWS Go SDK V2. I am able to list all the items in the bucket, but not able to download the file.
Here is the code I am using:
package main

import (
    "context"
    "fmt"
    "log"
    "os"
    "time"

    "github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws"
    "github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/config"
    "github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/credentials"
    "github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/feature/s3/manager"
    "github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/s3"
)
const (
   AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID = ""
   AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = ""
   BUCKET = "storage"
   REGION = ""

)
type S3ListObjectsAPI interface {
    ListObjectsV2(ctx context.Context,
        params *s3.ListObjectsV2Input,
        optFns ...func(*s3.Options)) (*s3.ListObjectsV2Output, error)
}

func GetObjects(c context.Context, api S3ListObjectsAPI, input *s3.ListObjectsV2Input) (*s3.ListObjectsV2Output, error) {
    return api.ListObjectsV2(c, input)
}

func main() {

    creds := credentials.NewStaticCredentialsProvider(AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID, AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY, "")

    cfg, err := config.LoadDefaultConfig(context.TODO(), config.WithCredentialsProvider(creds),config.WithRegion(REGION))
    if err != nil {
        log.Printf("error: %v", err)
        return
    }

    client := s3.NewFromConfig(cfg)

    input := &s3.ListObjectsV2Input{
        Bucket: aws.String(BUCKET),
    }

    resp, err := GetObjects(context.TODO(), client, input)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("Got error retrieving list of objects:")
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }

    fmt.Println("Objects in " + BUCKET + ":")
    today := time.Now()

    downloader := manager.NewDownloader(client)

    for _, item := range resp.Contents {
        diff := today.Sub(*item.LastModified)
        if diff.Hours() <= 24 {
            fmt.Println("Name:          ", *item.Key)
            fmt.Println("Last modified: ", *item.LastModified)
            fmt.Println("Size:          ", item.Size)
            fmt.Println("Storage class: ", item.StorageClass)
            fmt.Println("")
            newFile, err := os.Create(*item.Key)
            if err != nil {
                log.Println(err)
            }
            defer newFile.Close()
            numBytes, err := downloader.Download(context.TODO(), newFile, &s3.GetObjectInput{
                Bucket: aws.String(BUCKET),
                Key:    aws.String(*item.Key),
            })
            if err != nil {
                fmt.Printf("Error in downloading the backup %v", item.Key)
            }
            fmt.Printf("Downloaded %v bytes", numBytes)

        }

    }

    fmt.Println("Found", len(resp.Contents), "items in bucket", BUCKET)
    fmt.Println("")
}

It keeps showing me the error that "no such file or directory". is there something that I am missing?


Let's face it social media is an essential element of marketing but who has the time to sit and post tweets, updates, and snapchats all day long?
If you added up all the time you need to manage social media channel manually the return is not worth it, you could get a company to do it for you but essentially most of these services are just automating it for you.
There are different levels of automation you can do, you may feel that you have no time and just want to have something going out on social media rather than nothing at all. Another option is semi automation, you have the core automated messages and then top those up with manual ones to give it a more natural feel. The right level for your business is depicted by the cost (time + services) you want to spend on social and results you are getting, essentially the ROI.
This stores your posts in 'Jukeboxes' then cycles over the jukebox at a pre defined frequency and then starts over again, so you never have to re upload anything!
You can even get started on this service for free, the free services allows 300 stored posts (e.g tweets) but only allows you to link it to one social media account. So you can have around 10 tweets going out automatically per day without any effort apart from the initial upload.
The service gets even better when you onto a advanced plan which if you purchase on a 12 month period you can get for $16.65 a month. This allows you to link 3 social accounts, these could be Twitter, Facebook and LinkedIn and allows up to 5000 stored posts. The advanced plan also allows you to automate a thank you messages for people who start following you.
This is simple service which sends out posts on the main social media channels that come from an RSS feed. An RSS (Really Simple Syndication) feed is a XML-based format for your content. Most blogging platforms, for example, will have an RSS feed built in. Whenever websites start publishing posts, the latest posts will be updated in the RSS feed as well.
What this allows us to do is automatically link the content of a website or service to automatically publish on your social media – which is awesome!
You can add options to add hashtags and a variety of frequency settings, the options differ to which plan you want but again there is a simple free plan to get you started.
This is a slightly more enterprise version of social media jukebox, it is actually quite difficult to find information about the service as they want your email address as part of a onboarding trial process. You can find the pricing information here but looks to be about $80 per month, with an option to save if you pay yearly.
Roll with your own tool using the 'If this then that' website service. This allows you to link up several services and connectors to automatically post to your social media and make other automated 'recipes'. We would only advise this if you are slightly technically minded and have the time to do it.
The benefits of building your own system is that it fits your needs perfectly but to get started quickly use a pre built service so you can get those messages out and build it up from there.
These services still require some manual input but with that time you can be more targeted and integrate current campaigns easily.
This allows you to manage all your social media in one place, no more logging in in several websites. Their product range has grown over the last few years and they also offer a free plan to get you started.
Buffer is a well known social media scheduler so you upload your content in one place and have it planned to go out over a set period of time. It offers extra features above the free plan such as RSS integration.
As you can see there are lots of different options out there, some relatively inexpensive and some with a large monthly cost. The best advice is if you are starting out automating your social media is to keep it simple and build it gradually, try automating a few posts a day at first rather than replacing what you do now. Social media jukebox is a good place to get started, you will be surprised how easy it is to do and the amount of time you save.
One of the main issues with social media is normally there is limited content to share, so why not have a look at some of the data points we provide to save you even more time on your marketing.