The modern world is designed to capture our attention. Traffic lights, flashing phones, moving banners, and brightly coloured billboards depicting happy faces and sensual bodies – all attempt to convey a message immediately, efficiently and compellingly. This explosion of information bombarding our senses raises fundamental questions about how effective these attention-drawing methods are. Are we at the mercy of the incoming stimulus or do we select only those signals relevant to us? To what extent does this depend on the type of stimulus, and to what extent on the cognitive state of the observer?
The modern world is designed to capture our attention. Traffic lights, flashing phones, moving banners, and brightly coloured billboards depicting happy faces and sensual bodies – all attempt to convey a message immediately, efficiently and compellingly.
This explosion of information bombarding our senses raises fundamental questions about how effective these attention-drawing methods are. Are we at the mercy of the incoming stimulus or do we select only those signals relevant to us? To what extent does this depend on the type of stimulus, and to what extent on the cognitive state of the observer?
Intuitively, dynamic stimuli – ones that change over time – appear to be the best candidates for automatically drawing our attention. They appear to be particularly effective if this change is rapid and fairly unexpected. The sudden onset of changing traffic lights seems a good example of such an attention-drawing stimulus.
and Humphreys (1995). In one of their experiments, participants were instructed to search for a target letter among a variable number of distractor letters dispersed across the display. Normally this search takes some effort, expressed by the increase in response times with the increase in the number of distractors. In one of the crucial conditions, however, one of the line segments of the target (e.g. the horizontal line in the letter A) would appear suddenly. Now it was always rapidly and efficiently found, to the extent that the number of other letters in the display had no effect on response times whatsoever. This means that the abrupt onset must always have been one of the first attended objects.
However, the finding that observers can efficiently select dynamic stimuli does not mean that they have to. In Watson and Humphreys' (1995) experiment, participants presumably wanted to select the dynamic target, since that was their task. This means that selection may have been under considerable control of the observer. Similarly, when we are driving, we may become aware of changing traffic lights because we are actively on the look-out for relevant information (which in the case of driving is often dynamic in nature), not because the sudden onset of the light intrinsically and automatically demands our attention. We can therefore only speak of purely automatic capture of attention if the stimulus is completely irrelevant to us, but draws our attention nevertheless.
Theeuwes et al. (1998) created exactly such a condition. They presented observers with displays consisting of a number of discs, one of which had a different colour from the rest. The task was to make an eye movement to this oddly coloured disc. However, at the same time, another disc appeared abruptly in a previously unoccupied position.
as the target itself. Following other researchers (Yantis & Jonides, 1984), Theeuwes et al. (1998) concluded that abrupt onsets truly capture attention automatically, even if it is against the observer's interest. This conclusion appears to fit well with everyday experience, for instance when – often to our annoyance – we seem unable to ignore the flashing adverts on websites, or the changing subtitles in a foreign film.
So it appears that, at least in the case of single abrupt onsets, we are completely at the mercy of the stimulus. But appearances can be deceptive. To be able to decisively conclude that we have no control at all over the selection of new objects, we must return to the situation where we would actually want to select the dynamic information, for instance when we expect a long-awaited bus to emerge from around the corner. Now, if selection is indeed completely stimulus-driven, then the fact that we actually want to select the new information should have no effect whatsoever. In other words, whether you're expecting the bus or not should not affect how quickly you spot it when it finally appears. In contrast, when we do have some control over the selection of dynamic information, then our behavioural goals and expectations should affect these selection processes.
up in time: half the number of items is presented first; the second half follows after one second. Crucially, the target object is always in the second set. Knowing this, observers should therefore try to ignore the previewed, 'old' set of items, and prioritise the second, abruptly appearing 'new' set (just like you know that your bus always comes last).
If observers can indeed ignore the previewed half, search should be restricted to the second half only. In other words, response times should resemble those for displays in which the first half is not even there (i.e. a 'half-set' condition). In contrast, if observers completely fail to ignore the first set, then response times should resemble those for displays in which both sets are presented at the same time (i.e. a 'full-set' condition). Our typical finding is that search times in the preview condition deviated substantially from the full-set condition and resembled that in the half-set condition. Thus, observers indeed fully prioritise the new items.
So how can we assess if this prioritisation is at least partly due to the observers' anticipation, and not solely due to the automatic attentional capture mechanisms demonstrated by Theeuwes and others? As pointed out by Donk and Theeuwes (2001), why adopt the position that observers are actively trying to prioritise a stimulus if the stimulus already does it for them?
One way of demonstrating the observers' active control of selection is to occupy them with a secondary task during the preview period. The idea is that observers cannot at the same time fully comply with the additional task and the task of anticipating new objects. This is exactly what we found (Olivers & Humphreys, 2002). Detection of a target in the new set was slower when, during the preview period, observers were still completing an additional task of identifying a briefly presented target letter. If selection of abruptly appearing stimuli had been fully automatic, then no such slowing should have been found. In real life this may mean missing a changing traffic light when we have just finished an important phone call.
of dynamic stimuli is by changing the task relevance of the old and new sets. For this purpose, Olivers et al. (2002) compared a standard preview task in which the target was always in the second set (and thus the second set should be fully prioritised) with a preview task in which the target could appear either in the first or in the second set. They found that in the latter task, fewer new items were prioritised than in the standard task. This task-dependence of the efficiency with which new information is prioritised indicates that selection is at least partly under the control of the observer.
Now that we have established that observers can actively control the segregation of old and new information, the question arises about how this control is implemented. What we have been proposing is that, in addition to the stimulus-driven activation of the new set (Donk & Theeuwes, 2001), the old set is inhibited below baseline level so that the new items will receive an extra advantage. This inhibitory process actively 'marks off' old objects as having been seen, and has therefore been labelled visual marking (Watson & Humphreys, 1997).
a red vertical bar in a set of red tilted distractor bars. Among these red bars was also a unique, but completely irrelevant, green distractor bar. Under normal conditions, despite its irrelevance, such a green bar will attract attention and delay response times.
a green distractor, but now the complete set was preceded by a preview of another set of irrelevant green bars. The idea was that if, in anticipation of the new red set (including one new green distractor), observers actively inhibit the old green set, then some of this inhibition may spread to the new green distractor. In other words, the interference effects of the new green distractor should be reduced, because green has already been suppressed during the preview period. This reduction in interference costs is exactly what we found and provides direct evidence for a visual marking mechanism.
So far we have seen that observers can efficiently direct their attention to dynamic stimuli. An important question that Jan Theeuwes, Yaïr Pinto and I have recently started to investigate is whether observers can also efficiently direct their attention to static stimuli. Imagine you are searching a website filled with various moving banners and blinking adverts for some item that turns out to be the only static object on the page. Sounds like a real pain, right? The work by Theeuwes et al. (1998) and Yantis and Jonides (1984) explained earlier suggested that observers have difficulty ignoring a single dynamic stimulus. So how do you ignore a whole screen of items screaming for your attention?
It turns out that this may be remarkably easy. Pinto et al. (2006) asked observers to search for a horizontal or vertical bar among tilted distractors. In one condition all bars were standing still. In the dynamic conditions all distractors were either blinking or wiggling randomly, whereas the target was the only item that remained static. The results showed that search for the static target was much easier when all the distractors blinked or wiggled frantically. Apparently, contrary to what may be expected on the basis of single dynamic items, observers can effectively ignore multiple dynamic objects.
Taken together then, there is considerable evidence that whether dynamic stimuli receive priority is to a large extent under the attentional control of the observer (see also Folk et al., 1992), some of which may be inhibitory in nature. That such attentional control mechanisms are by no means trivial becomes poignantly apparent when they fail after certain brain damage (Olivers & Humphreys, 2004). We compared performance in a preview experiment for a group of patients with lesions to the posterior parietal lobe, split up for their 'good' (ipsilesional) and 'bad' (contralesional) visual fields, to an age-matched control group.
In general, the patient group was slower and more affected by distractors than the control group. However, performance suffered disproportionally in the preview condition, in which the distractor groups were separated in time. Especially in the contralesional (bad) field, patients had serious trouble in segregating the new objects (containing the target) from the old. This suggests that the parietal lobe may be especially tuned towards dynamic stimuli. A similar conclusion was reached on the basis of fMRI studies, in which it was found that the preview condition leads to an especially active superior parietal lobule (Olivers et al., 2005; Pollmann et al., 2003).
The lesion and imaging research is leading us to some exciting new hypotheses about the relationship between brain function and attention. Parietal lesions have repeatedly been associated with attention deficits, and activity in the parietal lobe has been found in numerous attention tasks. Interestingly, most of these tasks tested for attention to non-dynamic properties, such as location, colour, orientation and shape, or more complex stimuli like faces. This has led to the idea that the parietal lobe is part of a universal attention network, which actively directs selection processes to task-relevant properties, whatever these properties are.
However, our finding that the parietal lobe is especially involved in the processing of abruptly appearing new stimuli may suggest a different source of the universal involvement of the parietal lobe in attention tasks. This involvement may not be due to these tasks requiring universally attention, but due to our tendency as vision scientists to use universal stimuli. Almost without exception stimuli are presented in an instance on a computer screen, regardless of the task. Whether these are pictures, words, colours, faces, textures or meaningless shapes; they all appear abruptly. This raises the possibility that what we are actually measuring is this universal abruptness of our stimuli, rather than universal attention mechanisms operating upon them (see Gibson & Kelsey, 1998, for related ideas).
The outside world is in some respects more dynamic than the laboratory (for instance because observers themselves are allowed to move around, such as when driving), but it is also more stable, as objects tend to stay around for a while or appear and disappear more gradually (such as overtaking cars disappearing in the distance). Attention may operate in fundamentally different ways in this more plastic spatial-temporal landscape.
A challenge for the future is therefore to design clever experiments that take out the staccato nature of the way we usually present our stimuli, and measure perceptual mechanisms in a much more fluid world.
The discrepancy between the laboratory and the real world does not mean that there are no practical implications, especially when the real world itself is becoming increasingly designed and artificial. I have already alluded to website design. The fact that observers can efficiently ignore multiple dynamic stimuli raises questions regarding the effectiveness of too many animated adverts. Furthermore, the finding that observers, while engaged in other tasks, may fail to efficiently select what has been regarded as the most salient type of stimulus (i.e. abrupt onsets), raises important questions about the increasing number of demands and distractions directed to drivers (such as phone calls, navigation systems, DVD players).
a range of possibilities for efficiently conveying important messages. One may think of route signs that give directions in stages, or intelligence maps that are built up in temporally segregated layers. No doubt there are dynamic times ahead of us.
- Chris Olivers is Assistant Professor in the Department of Cognitive Psychology at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. E-mail: [email protected].
Blinking, flashing and temporal response: colorusage.arc.nasa.gov/flashing.php.
Is there a limit to how many dynamic stimuli can receive priority at a given moment? Yantis and colleagues have suggested up to four, but visual marking studies between 10 and 20. How should these findings be reconciled?
Some research has suggested that even single dynamic stimuli can be ignored as long as the observer strongly concentrates on a specific location (Theeuwes, 1991; Yantis & Jonides, 1990). Is attention to locations special, in that it can override stimulus-driven attentional capture?
How can we make laboratory tasks more realistic without making them less well controlled?
Donk, M. & Theeuwes, J. (2001). Visual marking beside the mark: Prioritizing selection by abrupt onsets. Perception and Psychophysics, 63, 891–900.
Folk, C., Remington, R.W. & Johnston, J.C. (1992). Involuntary covert orienting is contingent on attentional control settings. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 18, 1030–1044.
Gibson, B.S. & Kelsey, E.M. (1998). Stimulus-driven attentional capture is contingent on attentional set for displaywide visual features. Perception and Psychophysics, 24, 699–706.
Olivers, C.N.L. & Humphreys, G.W. (2002). When visual marking meets the attentional blink: More evidence for top-down, limited capacity inhibition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 28, 22–42.
Olivers, C.N.L. & Humphreys, G.W. (2003). Visual marking inhibits singleton capture. Cognitive Psychology, 47, 1–42.
Olivers, C.N.L. & Humphreys, G.W. (2004). Spatiotemporal segregation in visual search: Evidence from parietal lesions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 30, 667–688.
Olivers, C.N.L., Humphreys, G.W., Heinke, D. & Cooper, A.C.G. (2002). Prioritization in visual search: Visual marking is not dependent on a mnemonic search. Perception and Psychophysics, 64, 540–560.
Olivers, C.N.L., Smith, S., Matthews, P. & Humphreys, G.W. (2005). Prioritizing new over old: An fMRI study of the preview search task. Human Brain Mapping, 24(1), 69–78.
Pinto, Y., Olivers, C.N.L. & Theeuwes, J. (2006). When is search for a static target among static distractors efficient? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 32, 59–72.
Pollmann, S., Weidner, R., Humphreys, G.W., Olivers, C.N.L., Müller, K., Lohmann, G., et al. (2003). Separating segmentation and target detection in posterior parietal cortex – An event-related fMRI study of visual marking. NeuroImage, 18, 310–323.
Theeuwes, J. (1991). Exogenous and endogenous control of attention: The effect of visual onsets and offsets. Perception and Psychophysics, 49, 83–90.
Theeuwes, J., Kramer, A.F., Hahn, S. & Irwin, D.E. (1998). Our eyes do not always go where we want them to go: Capture of eyes by new objects. Psychological Science, 9, 379–385.
Watson, D.G. & Humphreys, G.W. (1995). Attention capture by contour onsets and offsets: No special role for onsets. Perception and Psychophysics, 57, 583–597.
Watson, D.G. & Humphreys, G.W. (1997). Visual marking: Prioritizing selection for new objects by top-down attentional inhibition of old objects. Psychological Review, 104, 90–122.
Watson, D.G., Humphreys, G.W. & Olivers, C.N.L. (2003). Visual marking: Using time in visual selection. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 7(4), 180–186.
Yantis, S. & Jonides, J. (1990). Abrupt visual onsets and selective attention: Voluntary versus automatic allocation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 16, 121–134.


I always want to learn new things. I love Information Tech world but never thought of doing something stable in the industry. Now I have decided to get out of mistakes I had done. I am ready to learn and become visible in the online community as an entrepreneur, no matter how long it takes. With all my heart I wish I stay motivated all the time.
So great to watch you helping another member in chat. Thanks for the follow.
Thank you man. I always love to help others. That has become a chronic cause of my sufferings in the life. But I could not resist.
How soon did you start making money with WA?
Hi Willow Tech!! Thanks for the follow!
It's nice to meet you and thanks for following! There is a lot of information at WA, so I'm taking it one day at a time and working my way through it all, putting into practice those things that apply to me. I look forward to hearing more from you.
Thank you, Hope. It is common problem here, people get lost when they try to grasp everything. Nice to see that you have harnessed the overload.
Have great time and take care. Ask if you need help.
For me, motivation of course is a must, but FOCUS is the key.
I had been so distracted with this that and the other thing that came along.
With the help of WA and this community, I try to put that thought into action.
... and motivation? When I think of the alternatives for myself (9-to5 job - couldn't do that for many reasons. - and being able to take care of my very elderly Father), it reinforces motivation.
Thanks for your help too Willow Tech!
Hi, Thanks for the follow..Good Luck!!
Well Thank you I think I made a good decision.
Thank You. I am very interested in what I am viewing.
Welcome. Keep in touch to help each other.
Hi Willow Tech - sorry to be a month... I'm active on WA in the school holidays, summer is a bad term to do anything else and I started a new site in May, so now drowning in self generated work! To answer your month old question, I teach computer science in high school, 1800 students so a fair sized place. Now on my knees praying for the term to end, 2 1/2 weeks to go. Catch you in chat one day? Cheers hon.
So how do u make money writing blog's and where ?
When you solve others problem by writing blog that will bring more traffic to your site. When they are satisfied they will click your affiliate link and make some buy. that will bring your commission on the sale. That is way you earn money by blogging in your niche website.
Hey willow tech:) do u know how to ad a link to wealthy affiliates to my website? Also, I wanna send people the link that goes through me but I don't know where to find it?
Go to your profile page. You will see a button Affiliate Link.
Last part is your AF ID.
Write articles naturally and add a link from WA. That will automatically your affiliate link. When you are moving around WA will get the AF ID whenever you share something from here. Check one or two VDOs or Tutorials to see if you get your AF ID at the end of that VDO or tutorial.
Hi Sayeed, I was trying to send the info about Vitacare but my pm is not working.
I will send you a PM see if it works.
Hi Willow and welcome to WA!
Thank you uakoko. You have so much time to encourage and inspire me, it touched me.
I will certainly remember you what you said.
Have a great time. Take Care.
Since your original question on BIS's Training Resource should be addressed by her on that venue, I came over here with my answer instead. I have had the same problem with the Live Chat and have been coached by Kyle that, if I'm not getting answers there, to create a discussion in one of the classrooms. It might not be as "instant" but are more likely to get addressed.
There you will get more credit for this and more articulate answers. The Live Chat is a good place to ask questions, but due to the nature of it, sometimes you get overlooked, especially when convers on there is quite engaged.
I take Kyle's advice very seriously. It doesn't mean you should stop asking questions on there, just that I have. I have little reason to use the Live Chat and have ceased. I find I get better results by staying off there. That's me and is how I've resolved to work in here.
I realize some things are better asked on the Live Chat than in a classroom, but things like this, I find I can just Google it and get answers. Anything pertaining to campaigns, WA and some of the weightier issues in WP, etc, are better brought up as a discussion here.
Love your logo. Thanks for the follow. Wow!
Hope you have a good day...I am praying for your success!
Hi Willow Tech...it's taking me awhile to pull everything together but thanks for sticking with me...don't give up...anyone with desire, determination and discipline can achieve their dreams.
Thank you Rebecca. Thanks again.
Let me know if I can give you a hand with.
Hi Willow Tech, I'm inspired that you did not give up! I am in the same place you are I think. Maybe we will be teaching each other. Always being positive and believing you can do it. Even if you have a problem, just ask for help. Good luck!
Hi Willow Tech....just read your blog...nice post...I know Weathy Affiliate can help you make whatever money you need..stay focused on your goal...have you completed the trainings? I have a way to go but I will help if I can...you will succeed...keep me posted.
Thank you. I know I can do but the time is killing me. I wish I can progress faster.
Thanks so much for following me. You have a bright future ahead of you. So many people need the expertise of someone who understands how technology and automation combine to make an outrageously profitable business. i am so glad you are a part of my network.
Thank you Rebecca for the good wishes. Through out my life I am honest and always try to help others. But I have been going through a miserable life from childhood. Waiting for the day to come when I will see success and peace in my life.
I am really glad to have you as my well wisher and in the network.
Hi, just started following you, I went to have a look at your website, but you need to take away one of the http:// so I can view it.
Thank you Elsie. I have no idea how it happened. That is not a good website. I could not do much about it. I needs a good tweaking.
Welcome, WillowTech, to your place of learning all you need to know in internet marketing. We are all entrepreneurs in training helping one another to success.
Sorry by mistake I deleted the old post. I do not see a UNDO button.
Thanks for the inspiration and you are really supportive.
I am sorry too. Missed that you deleted the old post. Think it is like most, if you don't save you lose it. But have found in the blog writer zone if you write something autosave happens even after I click out and come back. Then open to write another post and lists what I left. Does this make sense?
Hope you get it back, or ask Kyle or Carson they may know the techy stuff of restoring.
Thank you. It was a quick one.
Hello and thanks for the follow.
Beverley, that helps. Thank you for your time. I am little confused, say, I have taken baby wall papers, how long I can keep writing on that topic? Google like fresh contents continually !
I saw you post about choosing a niche. I can't give you clear guidelines because it is such a personal thing, but personally I think it's easier to work with a smaller niche when you first start than it is to try and do an enormous niche. So you're doing "baby decor" which is clearly much smaller than "babies" . One the other hand you can still break down baby decor and just specialise in !"baby wallpapers." Not suggesting your do - that's just an example.
The other thing you need to take into account is that a lot of internet marketing is trial and error. Some things will work and some won't.. Don't expect everything to be perfect first time round. Lots of people try one or two niches before they find exactly what they want.
Hello there and thanks for following. I like your determination and drive forward. Hope to see you around WA. To your success!
Thanks for following me back :).
Hello there, welcome to WA and thank you for the follow! You have the right spirit to succeed. Never give up! Keep on going and the results will follow. Best wishes for your success!
Willow Tech...thanks for the follow! If you have websites, don't forget to put their Url on the right side of this page...I would love to see them.
Hi Willow Tech, and thanks for the follow.....appreciate it! You've got my support for staying motivated!!
welcome to WA & my network Willow Tech.
Thanks for the follow. I hope it works out for you here and you find what you need.
Browse through the training tons of great resources there. Live chat to get involved and questions answered.
There is a community of people here willing and ready to help you. If you need help just sing out.
Thank you for the guide lines.
I was just wondering to finish the free lessons first.
Trying to catch up a daily routine but could not. I have other responsibilities that I need to take care of. May be I will be better in January.
Yes, work on those first. The lessons do build on the previous ones. Take your time on them. There are no time limits. More important you retain than to crash through.
Welcome to WA. Thanks for the follow! Don't forget to stop by Live Chat if you are in need of any help. You'll always find someone there who is able to answer any of your questions. Good Luck!
way for starting your online entrepreneurship. Wishing you success!
Thank you very much. Thanks for the inspiration. Hope to talk to you sometimes. Have a nice time and take care.
Thank you very much. I have not seen such a generous thing that new members welcomed by the founders. Thank you so much Kyle.


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Walter Hahn was born on August 20, 1987 in Austria, is a Wrestler. Discover Walter Hahn net worth, Biography, Age, Height, Family and career updates.
Walter Hahn is a member of Wrestler
Birth Day August 20, 1987
Birth Place Austria
Professional wrestler known primarily by his stage name, Gunther. He was signed to WWE NXT in January 2022 after spending two years on WWE NXT UK.
He made his professional wrestling debut in May of 2007.
He made his official WWE NXT debut on March 24, 2021.
He is a native of Vienna, Austria.
He and wrestler Ricochet faced off in a big match during the summer of 2022.
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TV ReviewsMarvel's DaredevilSeason 1
Marvel's Daredevil: "Shadows In The Glass"
Oliver Sava
Marvel's DaredevilSeason 1
"Shadows In The Glass"
A significant problem with Marvel's TV programming is that it can very generic. Agents Of S.H.I.E.L.D. struggled to create a distinct identity in its first season, telling standard action adventure stories that piggybacked off of events in the Marvel Cinematic Universe but didn't really offer anything new. The series has course corrected in the second season with a new focus on exploring different areas of the MCU, primarily through the incorporation of Inhuman mythology, but it's not doing groundbreaking work by any means. Then there's Agent Carter, which combined the retro, office-based gender politics of Mad Men with the undercover spy narrative of Alias. It had a much stronger point of view than S.H.I.E.L.D., but a lot of that came from the stylish design. The stories on Agent Carter weren't much more creative than those on S.H.I.E.L.D., hitting all the typical spy beats, but in a time period that made it feel different on the surface.
Daredevil is a generic crime drama, but its stylized visuals and intriguing performances make up for the lack of originality in the plotting and scripting. "Shadows In The Glass" is the first episode written by showrunner Steven S. DeKnight, and it highlights the more pedestrian elements of the series as it delves into Wilson Fisk's past. Flashing back to a young Wilson (Cole Jensen) in 1970s Hell's Kitchen, this episode reveals how Wilson's relationship with his father, Bill (The Wire's Domenick Lombardozzi), was radically different than Matt and Jack's, detailing the life-changing moment that set Wilson on the path he's on today. The major difference between the two father-son dynamics is that one is a lot more nuanced than the other, and DeKnight's handling of Wilson and Bill's relationship doesn't establish a strong, believable foundation between the characters before barreling into the drama.
Drew Goddard took his time building Matt and Jack's bond over the course of the first two episodes, and he showed different sides of their relationship to establish just how much these two men relied on each other. DeKnight's storytelling is far more rushed, and he relies on exaggeration to create emotional stakes. "This city? It's everything," Bill tells his son as they make signs for his doomed city council campaign. "It's right there. And all you gotta do is put your mind to it and make it happen." The dialogue is stale and devoid of personality, primarily focused on reinforcing the themes of the series rather than the emotional reality of the characters.
After that first flashback, Bill becomes the stereotypical abusive dad that blames his family for all of his personal failings. He makes Wilson beat a boy that disrespects their family, but the rage Bill awakens inside his son comes back to haunt him later. After being forced to stare at a wall of cracked white paint while his father beats his mother with a belt, Wilson gets out of the seat, picks up a hammer, and slams it into his father's skull. And as he keeps bringing the hammer down, sending blood splattering across his face and clothes, he screams the words his father yelled at him earlier when he kicked that boy. The writing is as blunt as the edge of Wilson's murder weapon, and the big climactic moment would be far more effective if Bill and Wilson's relationship wasn't so one-dimensional.
This show doesn't incorporate much music beyond John Paesano's score, but this episode incorporates two popular melodies for different effects. The first is Bach's "Unaccompanied Cello Suite No. 1 In G Major," a piece of music that has become a go-to for bringing a sense of refinement and sophistication to whatever it's accompanying, whether it's a montage of the Galapagos or close-ups of dogs' faces. That song is a major part of the recurring sequence depicting Wilson's morning routine, which begins with him waking up from nightmares of his past in a panic. He calms down by staring at the white painting he bought from Vanessa, and then the Bach begins to play as he cooks a lonely omelet for himself, and picks out his suit for the day, accentuating both the sadness and elegance of his lifestyle. But the main thing I think about when I hear that piece of music is all the commercials it's been used in, and another piece of classical music could have been used to create the same impression without reminding the viewer of dog food.
Using The Rolling Stones' "Brown Sugar" as the main music cue for a flashback to 1970s New York City isn't an inspired choice by any means, but the song is such a strong shift from the mood of the rest of the episode that it's a welcome addition. That very first shot of Wilson's flashback with "Brown Sugar" playing in the background brings more character to the city than anything we've seen with Hell's Kitchen in the present, and there's a life to the city in these flashbacks that makes them a refreshing change of setting. The creative team needs to find a way to bring that essence to the surface in the current Hell's Kitchen, which is more difficult when it can't rely on music cues and costuming to enliven the environment.
Earlier today, my weekly "Big Issues" column spotlighted The Kitchen, a Vertigo Comics miniseries about Hell's Kitchen mob wives that become crime bosses when their husbands go to prison. That series stands out because it breaks from the mob drama tradition of putting women in supporting positions, and it's made me acutely aware of the roles women typically play in these types of narratives. Like in this week's Daredevil, which has yet another speech from Karen talking about how scared she is all the time, and casts Vanessa Marianna as the Madonna in white that can wash away all of Wilson's sins and teach him to forgive himself.
But there's one big exception in the female cast. One woman that isn't a victim, and who isn't here to offer comfort and salvation. Her name is Madame Gao, and Wilson Fisk does not want to get on her bad side. Wai Ching Ho has a natural authority that makes her a formidable opponent for D'Onofrio, who makes it very clear that Gao is some Wilson deeply fears. And he should. There's a bigger story behind Gao that the show is slowly teasing, and her revelation in this episode that she speaks all languages is one piece of a puzzle that is far from complete by the end of the season.
Gao thinks that Wilson is getting sloppy, so he needs to do something big to regain the faith of his ally. That's possible after he confesses his past sins to Vanessa and escapes the depressing routine of his life. He still wakes in the middle of the night from bad dreams, but now there's somebody next to him to find comfort in, which gives him the confidence to make his next major move. To prevent a slanderous reveal of his presence in Hell's Kitchen, which Ben Urich is currently working on after getting new information from the masked man, Wilson Fisk goes public in a press conference that casts a positive light on his work and paints the masked man as a terrorist standing in the way of a new age of prosperity for his city.
DeKnight's script gives Vincent D'Onofrio a huge number of opportunities to chew the scenery, and the man commits. After telling Vanessa about the seminal trauma in his past, Wilson explains why he wears his father's cufflinks, and D'Onofrio gives a deliciously over-the-top portrayal of a tortured supervillain: "I didn't do it for her. I did it for me! That's why I still wear these. To remind myself that I'm not cruel for the sake of cruelty! That I'm not my father! That I'm not a monster! (Pause.) Am I?" Wilson Fisk isn't just any crime kingpin. He's a crime kingpin in a superhero universe, and through both the script and performance, we're starting to see his character move in an exaggerated direction that aligns him with other MCU bad guys.
Stray observations:
Matt, Foggy, and Karen finally spend considerable time together, and by "considerable" I mean two scenes where they mostly talk about the Union Allied case. We're starting to see more of how Matt's secret vigilante life makes him a hypocrite in his dealings with Karen and Foggy, but the connection between the three of them still isn't as tight as it could be. We need a few scenes of them bonding over something that isn't work, ideally a trip to Josie's akin to episode two but with all three Nelson & Murdock employees.
I liked that white painting a lot more when it was an abstract expression of Wilson's loneliness and not an explicit reflection of the wall he was forced to stare at before he killed his father.
The real mystery of this episode is why does Wilson Fisk own a whole drawer of cufflinks if he only wears one pair?
Hoffman: "You shot him." Wesley: "Technically, we paid someone else to shoot him."
"How much are each of those years worth to you? In round figures?"
Leland: "Kid's half an idiot." Wilson: "It's the other half that counts."
"I like the place. Not sure about the table. Looks like you aren't either."


How to Select a JPO or a SARC Position?
In order to evaluate the needs and expectations of our various partners with regard to the JPO Programme in general and our services in particular, the JPO Service Centre conducts different yearly client-oriented surveys.
Such questionnaires are vital to ensure that the JPO Service Centre is kept abreast of all the major developments that have a bearing on the performance and well being of the JPOs, as well as to solicit feedback regarding the recent track record of the JPO Service Centre itself. It is also an opportunity for you to make your voice heard.


I saw a t-shirt like the above on a middle aged French lady yesterday. Non-english speakers seem to be willing to wear anything with English words on, blissfully unaware of what they might be advertising/whether the words make any sense whatsoever/or mean something dirrty.
If anyone can enlighten me as to whether there is a sports team in Eastham (Cape Cod, US) sponsored by readymix (concrete?) I'd be most grateful.
Describe the most inappropriate/ridiculous/nonsensical t-shirt you have spotted on a French person in the comments box below. Best entry wins a petite anglaise thong.
Well this doesn't have anything to do with a tshirt or a french person, however your prize reminded me of something I ran into while in the university bookstore a few weeks before i graduated.
The school's name is *now* Arcadia Uni. It used to be Beaver College. Apparently the admin thought it to be a good idea *good advertising maybe* to have the school logo (AU's not BC's) on thongs.
Apparently they really don't want to give up their heritage.
There's a bar at the London School of Economics called, "The Beaver's Retreat".
Sorry, again not a competition entry! However, I doubt your thong would fit me, or that I'd wear it.
I did see a middle-aged woman on the Cote du Granite Rose, wearing a very middle-aged style blouse covered with what appeared to be cut up diary (or even weblog) entries. I was following her around trying to read them, but had to desist eventually for fear of getting arrested. For the same reason, I couldn't take a photograph. Sorry, no quotes, but it was all quite personal.


Published: Aug. 8, 2012 at 11:51 a.m.
Updated: Aug. 8, 2012 at 01:40 p.m.
The Raiders host training camp in Napa, Calif., in a picturesque setting right out of a vacation magazine. On the day of my visit, the Raiders welcomed 3,000 fans to watch them practice under clear blue skies and in perfect conditions.
1. Winning is in the details. The Raiders set NFL records for penalties and penalty yards in 2011. New coach Dennis Allen is attempting to change the culture in Oakland by getting his players to focus on the small details, on and off the field. They're held accountable for their punctuality in meetings and attendance at lunch and dinner in the dining hall. Such issues might appear trivial on the surface, but a lack of professionalism has certainly contributed to the Raiders' underachieving ways. More structure and a renewed emphasis on organization and discipline might help Allen finally rid the Raiders of the bad habits that have kept them from recording a winning season since 2002.
2. Darren McFadden is the key to the offense. After showing flashes of brilliance as a primary playmaker for Oakland during his first four seasons, the running back is firmly entrenched as the No. 1 option in the offensive game plan. He is expected to receive 25 or more touches per week on a variety of runs and receptions from multiple formations and alignments. I was impressed by McFadden's speed, explosiveness and athleticism in practice. He is a natural playmaker with the ball in his hands, and there is nothing that he can't do on the field. To take advantage of his versatility, the Raiders are deploying McFadden all over the place, including outside as a quasi-wide receiver. This will allow Oakland to capitalize on his speed and route-running skills in space against overmatched linebackers, creating the opportunity for big passing gains. In the running game, the Raiders are employing a zone-based scheme that will take advantage of McFadden's talents as a one-cut runner. He is already considered one of the NFL's most explosive backs, having recorded 29 runs of 20-plus yards on only 336 attempts over the past two seasons. If he can stay healthy, McFadden will produce fireworks in the Raiders' offense.
3. Carson Palmer is still trying to find his groove in Greg Knapp's offense. The Raiders are hoping their veteran quarterback can regain his Pro Bowl form under a new offensive coordinator. Part of that optimism is fueled by the implementation of Knapp's West Coast system that involves more quick, rhythm throws from the pocket. Palmer played in a variation of this scheme during his time at USC, but he is still struggling to master various parts of the offense in Oakland. He has been inefficient with some of the movement-based passing concepts in the playbook. Some difficulty was to be expected, given his limited athleticism, but Palmer's struggles with bootlegs could be a significant problem, due to their importance to the running game. (If he is not able to complete a high percentage of passes on the move, opponents will not respect the bootleg component of the Raiders' offense, making it tougher to run against loaded fronts.) Palmer has also had problems with his anticipation on timing routes. He repeatedly delivered the ball late to receivers coming out of their breaks, leading to a couple of blow-ups by defensive backs. If the Raiders are finally going to end their nine-year playoff drought in 2012, Palmer must quickly master the critical elements of Knapp's offense over the final four weeks of the preseason.
4. The defense is talented, but lacks an elite pass rusher and a shutdown corner. The Raiders have several intriguing pieces on the defensive side of the ball (defensive tackles Richard Seymour and Tommy Kelly, linebacker Rolando McClain), but they don't have a single blue-chip pass rusher or corner. Clever scheming can allow a team to excel without quality personnel at those positions, but if they want to compete with the AFC's best, the Raiders need quality performances from defensive end Matt Shaughnessy and defensive backs Shawntae Spencer and Ron Bartell. Shaughnessy, in particular, must emerge as a credible pass rusher who can provide 10-plus sacks off the edge. He's shown glimpses of being a legitimate sack artist (notching 12 sacks in three seasons), but Shaughnessy needs to be more consistent on a weekly basis.
Spencer and Bartell are also under the gun to hold their own on the perimeter. Both were expected to start when they signed with the team during the offseason, but neither has stepped up as a potential shutdown corner. Spencer has struggled to stay close in coverage, while Bartell has been sidelined by a hamstring injury for most of camp. If the Raiders' veteran CB tandem doesn't turn things around soon, the defense will have a tough time handling the offensive juggernauts that loom in the AFC West.
Matt Leinart: One of the biggest surprises coming out of Raiders' camp has been Leinart's impressive play. His accuracy and ball placement have been superb, and he's demonstrated mastery of the offense, finding the second and third options in the route progression. Leinart's physical limitations likely keep him from being a long-term answer at quarterback, but his stellar play in camp suggests he could handle a two- or three-game stint as a fill-in for Palmer.
Juron Criner: The fifth-round draft pick has continued to build on the momentum created by his sensational play during offseason workouts. The rookie, who has routinely come down with acrobatic catches in practice, looks like he could be a No. 1 receiver in the near future. The Raiders currently lack a go-to guy on the outside, and I wouldn't be surprised to see Criner crack the starting lineup at some point this season.
"This is a team of the decades, like it says on our facility walls, and winning is the only thing that is acceptable. All of the mottos you have heard over the years from Al Davis and now that we are hearing from Coach Allen, we understand that we are expected to win and it's not about anything else. It's about winning."
1. DeMarcus Van Dyke has created quite the buzz in camp. Raiders officials have been impressed by the young defensive back's potential as a cover man, and they believe he could make a strong push for starter's minutes. Van Dyke was already one of the fastest players in the NFL, but his ability to quickly grasp the defense and subtleties of coverage have helped him make more plays on the ball. Given his progress over the course of the offseason and through the first week of training camp, Van Dyke might be in line for a significant role in his second year.
2. McClain looks primed for a big year. He is fit, trim and playing with more urgency at camp. Last season, McClain struggled in all aspects of the game, and poor conditioning affected his ability to hold up in coverage. This year, however, he has displayed better movement skills in drills, improving enough that he could remain on the field in nickel situations.
3. Terrelle Pryor still has quite a ways to go before he can contribute in the NFL as a quarterback, but he has impressed Raiders officials with his commitment and work ethic. He has put in long hours attempting to hone his skills as a passer. Pryor's accuracy and ball placement are still inconsistent, but he occasionally displays potential. His combination of size and athleticism will encourage the Raiders to be patient with his development.
The Raiders will be a more disciplined outfit under Allen, but the adherence to structure might not translate into more wins in 2012. The AFC West is one of the most competitive divisions in football, and I don't believe the Raiders have enough pieces on defense to compete with the upper-echelon teams in the AFC. I could see the Raiders finishing around .500, but I don't think a playoff appearance is in the cards for the Silver and Black.


- Alert Dialog box pop-ups when you right click on index & slide pages indicating the page is copyrighted.
- When you move your mouse over thumbnails it shows you the file name, file size, resolution & date of the original picture without clicking on it.
- Last updated date and time.
- Allows you to add frame for slide pictures and choose the frame color.
- Allows you to add shadow to the slide pictures.


text:
CLICK HERE TO ENTER THE JAZZ-ROCK / FUSION DEPARTMENT IN THE CDS ONLINE STORE ...
CDS Homepage | About CDS | About Our Online Store
A BRIEF LOOK INTO THE CD SERVICES DEPARTMENT OF JAZZ-ROCK / FUSION
In the field of 'Jazz-Rock' we tend to favour the guitar-bass-drums-keyboards line-up variety more than anything else, but the inclusion of wind and brass instruments is not something that turns us off either. The genre is somewhat over-crowded with releases but having said that, there are a lot of real quality bands still producing the music and keeping it fresh - that, alongside the established names, is what we intend to feature most heavily in this music department.
From the earliest beginnings of the genre, we have cultivated an interest in the 'Jazz-Rock / Fusion' field, and through the years have covered artists known such as: Mahavishnu Orchestra, Pat Metheny, Isotope, Brand X, etc., to the more obscure and upcoming talent, from older artists such as: Wayne Johnson through more contemporary names such as Leni Stern & Alex Machacek to the undiscovered delights of Rare Blend and the highly underrated French TV.
Like most of the other CD Services 'Specialist' departments, some of the titles in the Jazz-Rock / Fusion category have a certain element of "crossover" with other categories in the store, and here there are crossovers with the Guitar Instrumental, Progressive / Symphonic-Rock, General Rock & Pop, Euro / Kraut-Rock, Jazz and Oldies categories. With regards to the titles here crossing over from our 'Guitar Music' (Instrumental) department, we draw attention to these because while they may not always be classed as 'Jazz-Rock', they will almost certainly have an appeal to Fusion music fans.


text:
Romans 10: Saving Faith
Publisher: Banner of Truth
ISBN: SLLOYDDMROMANS10SAVINGFAITH9780851517377
Lloyd-Jones, D. Martyn
Hardcover SLLOYDDMROMANS10SAVINGFAITH9780851517377 $25.20
Single (10% off)
$28.00 MSRP
Item is successfully added in the wishlist(s)
Why do religious people not believe the gospel? What is involved in truly believing it? What about those who have never even heard the gospel? Who should tell them about it?
This volume of sermons on Romans 10 provides answers to all these pressing questions.
Listen to the complete sermon series by Martyn Lloyd-Jones entitled The Book of Romans.
Source: Martyn Lloyd-Jones Trust
David Martyn Lloyd-Jones was born in Cardiff and raised in Llangeitho, Ceredigion, Wales. Educated at Tregaron County Intermediate School and then in London at Marylebone Grammar School between 1914 and 1917, he went to St Bartholomew's Hospital as a medical student. He then worked as Chief Clinical Assistant to the Royal Physician, Sir Thomas Horder.
After sensing a call to preach, in 1927 Lloyd-Jones returned to Wales – having married Bethan Phillips (with whom he later had two children, Elizabeth and Ann) – as minister at the Bethlehem Forward Movement Church (known as 'Sandfields') in Aberavon (Port Talbot).
After eleven years at Sandfields, he was called in 1939 to be associate pastor of Westminster Chapel, London, working alongside G. Campbell Morgan. During the same year, he became the president of the Inter-Varsity Fellowship of Students (known today as the Universities and Colleges Christian Fellowship (UK)). In 1943 Campbell Morgan retired, leaving Lloyd-Jones as the sole Pastor of Westminster Chapel, a position he was to hold for the next 25 years.
After retiring from Westminster Chapel in 1968, due to illness, for the rest of his life 'the Doctor' concentrated on editing his sermons for publication, counselling other ministers, answering letters and attending conferences. He preached for the last time on June 8, 1980, at Barcombe Baptist Chapel. He died peacefully in his sleep at Ealing on March 1, 1981, and was buried at Newcastle Emlyn, near Cardigan, west Wales.
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text:
MEET THE DIRECTOR:
Maya has directed multimedia content on four continents that has been published by NBC News, The Food Network, The Today Show, The Washington Post, The Huffington Post, Popsugar, VOX, Racked, EATER, Tastemade, The Miami Herald, Telemundo, In Cuba Today, Narrative.ly, GreenBiz, Fresh Cup, Coffee Talk, IFC Center, and Heritage Radio.
Director: Maya Albanese
Maya Albanese is a writer/director who crafts visual narratives that empower women and spotlight the stories of unsung heroes worldwide.
In 2015, she received a journalism-film hybrid Master of Science in Documentary Filmmaking from Columbia University in New York. She was one of just twelve young filmmakers accepted to the competitive program.
She has directed commercials and branded content for clients including Nike Women, Kids Foot Locker, John Frieda, Ketel One, Capital One Bank, JCPenney, Chevrolet, Dressbarn, Rosetta, Manchester United, and Capital Group.
She has directed, shot, and edited independent films that give a voice to underserved minorities and people with disabilities. Her first documentary "Cuba's Violin" (2014) is a bilingual story about a donated violin that stealthily travels from NYC to a talented young musician in Havana. It screened at festivals worldwide and was purchased by five digital publications in the U.S. and Cuba. Columbia University featured Maya in their publication for getting into Cuba to find this story before and during the history-making announcement of U.S.-Cuba relations normalization.
Maya's second documentary film, "Blind Date" (2015), follows three diverse blind New Yorkers on their quest for love in the digital age, which premiered at DOCNYC and screened at other film festivals nationwide. Maya has since shot two other projects that feature the stories of disabled heroes, including a feature that is in post-production now.
She is also a correspondent, host, and interviewer who has interviewed an incredibly diverse array of high-‐level people, world leaders, and culture icons. She brings her advanced interviewing skills to set when she directs talent in her doc-‐ style and scripted commercials.
In addition, Maya has spoken at dozens of events, including 'Sustainable Brands' and 'Summit Series,' about sustainability-‐focused media.
She graduated Phi Beta Kappa with two B.A. degrees Summa Cum Laude in Global & International Studies and French from the University of California at Santa Barbara and L'Institut Catholique in Paris, France.
"HISTORY"


text:
Home Happening Now The Atlantic Calls to "End the Nobel Peace Prize" Because of Trump...
The Atlantic Calls to "End the Nobel Peace Prize" Because of Trump Nominations
CK Heltzel
Following President Trump being nominated twice for the Nobel Peace Prize, "The Atlantic" published a piece written by Graeme Wood arguing the prize should now be cancelled.
"The Trump nomination shows that peace had its chance and blew it" Wood writes in the tagline.
In the piece, Wood takes issue with Nobel prizes being awarded to those brokering peace in conflicts between Israel and neighbors more times than the international Committee of the Red Cross.
"If Trump wins the prize, it will be the fourth Nobel awarded for peace between Israel and its neighbors." (The announcement will come on October 9.) "Woods writes "That will make Arab-Israeli peace mediators more successful at charming the Nobel Committee than the International Committee of the Red Cross, which has won three times in the prize's 120-year history, but still less successful than my favorite, which is no one at all. "
She later continues "The record of achievement of the peace laureates is so spotty, and the rationales for their awards so eclectic, that the committee should take a long break to consider whether peace is a category coherent enough to be worth recognizing. Peace had its chance, and blew it. The Trump nomination—one of hundreds, including this second from a Swede—helps show why."
Wood concludes "All of this points to one of two conclusions: The Nobel Committee can either give the prize to do-gooder organizations such as the Red Cross or Doctors Without Borders (and play things extra safe), or it can keep the prize locked away for a while, and reevaluate its reasoning for a modern era."
She adds "I suspect that that reevaluation will end, if the committee is honest, with the admission that peace can be recognized only by its fruits, which take decades to mature, and not by its seeds. To keep giving awards for the seeds is to court embarrassment, and to make yourself hostage to wacky attention-seeking nominations like Trump's. Better to shut it down, before the trolls do first."
On Twitter, Atlantic Editor in chief Jeffrey Goldberg's tweet of the article sparked mockery and ridicule.
Jordan Schachtel wrote "Thank you for doing the heavy lifting and continuing to expose yourself as a Democrat operative"
Erielle Davidson wrote "This is silly. Trump does something worthy of it, so the entire system must be burned down?"
Another Twitter user wrote "your weapons grade TDS is showing. you might wanna do something about that. btw, that's TWO major peace deals more than Obama had when he 'won' his Nobel."


text:
arxiv-sanity.com
On the importance of single directions for generalization
Ari S. Morcos and David G. T. Barrett and Neil C. Rabinowitz and Matthew Botvinick
arXiv e-Print archive - 2018 via Local arXiv
Keywords: stat.ML, cs.AI, cs.LG, cs.NE
First published: 2018/03/19 (3 years ago)
Abstract: Despite their ability to memorize large datasets, deep neural networks often achieve good generalization performance. However, the differences between the learned solutions of networks which generalize and those which do not remain unclear. Additionally, the tuning properties of single directions (defined as the activation of a single unit or some linear combination of units in response to some input) have been highlighted, but their importance has not been evaluated. Here, we connect these lines of inquiry to demonstrate that a network's reliance on single directions is a good predictor of its generalization performance, across networks trained on datasets with different fractions of corrupted labels, across ensembles of networks trained on datasets with unmodified labels, across different hyperparameters, and over the course of training. While dropout only regularizes this quantity up to a point, batch normalization implicitly discourages single direction reliance, in part by decreasing the class selectivity of individual units. Finally, we find that class selectivity is a poor predictor of task importance, suggesting not only that networks which generalize well minimize their dependence on individual units by reducing their selectivity, but also that individually selective units may not be necessary for strong network performance.
[link] Summary by David Stutz 2 years ago
Morcos et al. study the influence of ablating single units as a proxy to generalization performance. On Cifar10, for example, a 11-layer convolutional network is trained on the clean dataset, as well as on versions of Cifar10 where a fraction of $p$ samples have corrupted labels. In the latter cases, the network is forced to memorize examples, as there is no inherent structure in the labels assignment. Then, it is experimentally shown that these memorizing networks are less robust to setting whole feature maps to zero, i.e., ablating them. This is shown in Figure 1. Based on this result, the authors argue that the area under this ablation curve (AUC) can be used as proxy for generalization performance. For example, early stopping or hyper-parameter selection can be done based on this AUC value. Furthermore, they show that batch normalization discourages networks to rely on these so-called single-directions, i.e., single units or feature maps. Specifically, batch normalization seems to favor units holding information about multiple classes/concepts.
https://i.imgur.com/h2JwLUF.png
Figure 1: Classification accuracy (y-axis) over the number of units that are ablated (x-axis) for networks trained on Cifar10 with various degrees of corrupted labels. The same experiments (left and right) for MNIST and ImageNet.
Also find this summary at [davidstutz.de](https://davidstutz.de/category/reading/).


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text:
Living learnonline: What's behind your university student portal?
Date: March 18, 2018Author: ontherecord 0 Comments
By JOSHUA BOSCAINI
We use it almost every day, but what do we know about learnonline? On the Record reporter, Joshua Boscaini, asked UniSA's IT experts.
Few students have probably noticed, but the university's learnonline has been given a facelift over the summer holidays.
It's a system students usually take for granted, but Information Strategy and Technology Services officer, Michael Castafaro, said it takes hundreds of people to manage.
"Because all the systems are integrated, it takes the entire IT team…to keep everything working," Mr Castafaro said.
"These range from graduate developers to senior developers and managers."
But how the team of developers manage the system is what makes it all the more intriguing.
Mr Castafaro said even the smallest change to the system can leave the technology team busy making sure the entire program is running smoothly.
"We thoroughly test the entire system including simulating multiple students logging on at the same time to ensure it will stay up and running and not crash," he said.
Course coordinators are also finding ways to make their learn online sites the most up-to-date.
Ideas, Innovation, and Communication (IIC) course coordinator, Neelu Sharma, said learnonline is becoming a space to better interact with students.
"For IIC, it's the first year where I have introduced the virtual classroom, and in addition to that, I'm using… a non-UniSA virtual whiteboard," Ms Sharma said.
"This year, with the introduction of the padlet… we're hoping external students have a better experience being external students.
"Learnonline is the lifeline of who we are… it's how we connect with the students and it's the only way we can share a high volume of information in a structured way."
But some first-year students are still trying to understand a very new and important part of the university.
Primary school education student, Courtney Larwood, said it has taken a little getting used to.
"It was confusing to start off with but once you get the hang of it, it's [learnonline] fine… sort of like high school," Ms Larwood said.
"It would be good to have all the courses the exact same… it needs to be consistent throughout."
Her peer, and fellow first-year education student, Lucy Norton, said it would be great to get some more information about the site.
"We didn't know how to use learn online until our first workshop… the first Monday of university I pretty much learnt how learnonline works," Ms Norton said.
If you're a new or first-year student to UniSA, you can follow this link for more direction with learnonline.
Image Source: Joshua Boscaini
ITLearn onlineStudentsUniSA
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text:
Marcovitz History, Family Crest & Coats of Arms
The name Marcovitz is a proud symbol of ancient Jewish culture. Before the late Middle Ages, people were known only by a single name. However, as the population increased and travelers set out on their journeys, it became necessary for people to adopt a second name to identify themselves. Jewish hereditary surnames were adopted from a variety of different sources. Two of the most common types of Jewish family names are patronymic surnames, which are derived from the father's given name, and metronymic surnames, which are derived from the mother's given name. The surname Marcovitz is a patronymic surname, which derives from the Latin given name Marcus. In the case of the Jewish surname Marcovitz, it is in many cases an Anglicization of any of several like-sounding Jewish surnames.
Hereditary surnames
Patronymic
Marcovitz (Jewish)


text:
Clivus Multrum is a type of composting toilet and the name of a company that markets this brand name of composting toilets. "Clivus" is Latin for incline or slope; "multrum" is a Swedish composite word meaning "compost room", thus a "Clivus Multrum" is an inclined compost room.

The first prototype was built in 1939 in Tyresö, Sweden, by art teacher Rikard Lindström, who owned a property on the Baltic Sea in Stockholm, Sweden. Lindström built a single-chamber concrete tank, with sloped bottom and chimney, for disposal of kitchen and toilet waste. It functioned for several decades and was eventually patented in 1962. In 1964, the first commercial model was constructed out of fiberglass.

In the 1970s, Abby Rockefeller, in the United States, read about the idea and wanted to buy a system, but was told they were not for sale due to lack of technical support. In 1973, Rockefeller founded Clivus Multrum, Inc. in Massachusetts under license from Lindström to market its composting toilet. The Clivus Multrum brand of composting toilets is marketed globally.

Clivus Multrum today has designed a number of different prototypes and sizes. The process is advertised as enclosed, long-term composting and is characterized as being odor-free, low maintenance, and able to yield a clean, pathogen-free fertilizer that can be used in agriculture.

References

External links
Clivusmultrum.com (North America)
Clivusmultrum.eu (Europe)

Toilet types
Composting

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Chiropractic physicians primarily use their hands to apply pressure to a joint or group of joints. (In fact, the name "chiropractic" is derived from Greek words meaning "done by hand.") This treatment is known as an "adjustment" or a "manipulation." The aim of using manipulation is to provide relief for pain or stiffness, and to improve posture as well as the function of nerves, joints, and muscles.
Spinal manipulation has been practiced for thousands of years; there are records of it from ancient Egypt and China. The birth of modern chiropractic, however, is often cited as September 18, 1895, the date that Daniel David ("D. D.") Palmer, a grocer and apprentice of magnetic healing in Davenport, Iowa, reportedly restored hearing to a man who had been deaf for 17 years, simply by adjusting misaligned vertebrae.
To do this, a chiropractor locates vertebrae that do not move properly, particularly along the spine. These fixations or restrictions can cause inflammation and eventually pain and dysfunction in nerves, joints, and muscles. Chiropractic physicians treat joint fixations or restrictions by adjusting the bones (and their associated muscles and joints) gently with their hands. When corrected by manipulation, the integrity of the nervous system is restored, ensuring optimal function.
After reviewing your medical history, the chiropractic physician will discuss your general health with you and conduct a thorough physical examination, which will include orthopedic and neurological evaluations. The session might include a review of past X rays or you may be asked to have new images taken. The course of treatment will probably include a series of manipulations to help regain mobility to the vertebrae in your spine or other problem areas.
The chiropractic physician may ask you to lie down on a padded massage-type table for spinal manipulation or you may be seated on a stool or in a special chair that provides access to your back. You may be treated fully clothed or asked to undress and wear a hospital gown.
Before doing any manipulation, the doctor should explain exactly what the process involves. Typically, chiropractic is performed using very little force, although techniques vary. As the chiropractor applies pressure to your spine, you may hear (and feel) a popping sound, like a knuckle cracking. You should not feel any serious discomfort from the adjustment, however. If you do, it is important to let the chiropractor know immediately. Many patients find the experience relaxing. Most describe feeling less pain, reduced tension, and more flexibility in the areas that were adjusted.
Some chiropractors (called "straight" chiropractors) adhere strictly to D.D. Palmer's theories, using only spinal adjustments to treat problems. Others (known as "mixers") combine spinal adjustments with adjunct therapies such as massage, heat or ice treatments, rehabilitative exercises, acupuncture, cranial manipulation, and nutritional counseling.
Chiropractors generally have working relationships with M.D.s and D.O.s (doctors of osteopathy) and will refer you to one–often an internist or a neurologist–if your condition persists and further testing or treatment appears necessary.
Chiropractic physicians are licensed in all 50 states and the District of Columbia, and must pass a certification exam with the National Board of Chiropractic Examiners. A Doctor of Chiropractic (D.C.) usually has a bachelor's degree, four to five years of graduate study in chiropractic care, as well as clinical training. Many health insurance policies cover chiropractic.
If you have been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis, sciatica, or osteoporosis, have your chiropractor consult with your primary care physician prior to treatment (certain kinds of spinal manipulations could make these conditions worse).
If your back pain is accompanied by a fever, it's important to consult your primary care doctor, or have your chiropractor do so, to rule out conditions that need medical attention.


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text:
Q: Reason for absolute value of Jacobian determinant in change-of-variable formula? When we have a random variable $x$ with a probability density $p(x)$, and a function $y = f(x)$ that is differentiable and can be solved for $x = g(y)$, the change of variable formula leads us to a density for $y$ given by
$$
p(x) \, dx = p(x) \left| g'(y) \right| \, dy = p(x) \left| \frac{1}{f'(x)} \right| \, dy = p(x) \left| \frac{dx}{dy} \right| \, dy
$$
where $\frac{dx}{dy}$ is called (to my knowledge even in the univariate case) the Jacobian of the transformation (as in Zill & Wright, p. 792). In general this would be a determinant of a Jacobian matrix $\mathbf{J}(\mathbf{g}(\mathbf{y}))$, obviously. But I never understood why does it enter in absolute value? I have read somewhere that it's because $f(x)$ could have a negative derivative whereas probabilities are confined to be positive, but that sounds more like a post-hoc justification than a mathematical result. Is there a way to derive this fact?

A: For a specific example, in addition to @whuber's advice, let $y=f(x)=-2x$, and $x=g(y)=-y/2$; and $x \in [0,1]$, i.e. the support. Then, $y$ would be in the range $[-2,0]$. Also, we have $g'(y)=-1/2, f'(x)=-2$.
Normally, you'd take the integral $\int p(g(y))\left|\frac{dx}{dy}\right|dy$ from $-2$ to $0$, while using the formula. However, it actually is from $0$ to $-2$, since $x$ and $y$ directions differ, i.e.
$$\int_{0}^{-2} p(g(y))\frac{dx}{dy}dy=\int_{-2}^{0} p(g(y))\left(-\frac{dx}{dy}\right)dy=\int_{-2}^{0} p(g(y))\left|\frac{dx}{dy}\right|dy$$
The use of absolute value removes the need of considering the inverse directions (i.e. negative directions of $x$ and $y$ which is reflected by negative derivatives).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This page presents a selection of publications that describe the SOTER database and its various applications to date by various researchers (in reverse chronological order).
Nachtergaele FO, Van Lynden, GWJ and Batjes NH, 2002. Soil and terrain databases and their applications with special reference to physical soil degradation and soil vulnerability to pollution in Central and eastern Europe. In: Advances in GeoEcology 35 (eds M. Pagliaia and JR), CATENA Verlag GMBH, Reiskrirchen.
Batjes NH, 2000, Effects of mapped variation in soil conditions on estimates of soil carbon and nitrogen stocks for South America. Geoderma, 97:135-144.
Peters W (Ed.), 1994. Memoria del Curso de Actualizacion SOTER-GIS, Taller Internacional SOTER en America Latina y Curso de Enternamiento SOTER-SIG. SOTER Report 8, International Society of Soil Science, Wageningen 96 p.
Batjes NH, 1990. Macro-scale land evaluation using the 1:1 M world soil and terrain digital database. SOTER Report 5. ISSS, Wageningen. 45 p.
Batjes NH (Ed.), 1990. Proceedings of the International Workshop on Procedures Manual Revisions for the Global Soils and Terrain Digital Database (24-26 April 1990, Wageningen). Working Paper & Preprint 90/5. ISRIC, Wageningen. 25 p.
Oldeman LR and Sombroek WG, 1990. Use of the SOTER database to model global change. Transactions 14th International Congress of Soil Science V, p. 136-141.


Looking at the board, I am finding it hard to see where it can be attached in the first place LOL There are a couple of large holes but nothing I've noticed for normal sized (say 3mm) screws.
Well, there is always ways to get stuff stuck in a case, with some plastic/rubber and glue left right and center.
If you wanted to get real fancy, you could design a mini-itx motherboard with a dummy 68k socket to "dock" the board into. Then you have the option to route all the other signals to the back panel by drawing traces on the board and hooking in connectors as you see fit.
Seems overkill, but I've seen similar with things like Arduino and the Raspberry Pi.
I'm sure a case is the least of our worries regarding the stand alone Vampire The Minimig had two pieces of perspex to protect it in the early days before enterprising Amigans produced better cases. I'm sure the resourceful Apollo team have ideas of their own.
As I remember it, it was Loriano Pagni that eventually got the job done with some great Minimig cases built to order!
Last edited by BigD on 06-Aug-2017 at 01:20 AM.
Cases are important though, especially to protect what is sure to be an expensive bit of kit. There is also identity and a case can portray the experience you are going to get from it.
If someone from the community decides to make a decent case for the V4, I will purchase from that guy/gal.
One thing to be considered is; is the Apollo Team planning or expecting expansion gear for the board?
If thats not really practical with the design of the board, then a sleek box would be perfect in my head. I really dont like boxes with keyboard attached that Ive seen for the C64 for example. They look fun, but all I want is a box I can hide away in my desk, or carry around with minimal effort when I travel, and attach a keyboard, mouse, monitor and whatever else I need at the moment.
The box I linked is something I might consider to purchase just to keep it safe in my desk drawer, but again; I will jump on a good community option in a second.
Without getting TOO political; I have a increasingly anti mass consumption point of view; and for example in RL I purchase as much of the food I eat directly from farmers around where I live IF I can.
Same goes for other aspects in life, like supporting bedrom coders/hardware hackers on the Amiga.
And before people do the obvious and scream "Your nuts!"; Tell me something I dont know!
My hat goes off to anyone who can make an even semi-commercial success (without having to hit crowed funding sites - hate those; to many scammers with honest people get lost in the noise. Not to mention I have had my fingers burnt to often now with false promises or outright lies).
Any case I produce will be 3D printed (yay for having one!) and the Apollo is small enough for me to be able to print a case. I may well base it around my case I designed for a RetroPie install.
Wonder what the chances of Stand alone Vampire being shown at the Germany 32 show.
Emulating the Amiga ...on an Amiga!!
Last edited by Overflow on 08-Aug-2017 at 12:00 PM.
Last edited by BigD on 08-Aug-2017 at 12:10 PM.
Aarg.. I have tried to follow his videos, but I just cannot take it anymore!!!
Last edited by kolla on 08-Aug-2017 at 12:20 PM.
I have one complaint about his videos; he never prepares or thinks thru what hes going to do.
He goes off cold with a general plan, and if it works it works kinda deal.
I enjoy his bantering and sarcasm, so that makes up for his play by ear style.
BUT I do agree, and have consider suggesting to him; why dont you test the stuff you plan to do onscreen BEFORE you go live, so you potentially bore people with stuff that doesnt work.
Well that was slower then I imagined it to be. But one thing it does show how pointless it is compare emulation speed with a real CPU speed.
Anyway I guess the 680x0 is interpreted in this emulator, it might be that E-UAE can be compiled with real CPU, if that works, emulation should be quicker.
anyway few notes here, he is doing AGA emulation on RTG display, that simply hurts to look at, I also guess emulation does not use native bitter, it's all software, E-UAE might be optimized bit take advantage of things like that.
And the GUI does not have frame skip option.
E-UAE can be speeded up, changing collation detection settings as well.
Last edited by NutsAboutAmiga on 08-Aug-2017 at 04:30 PM.
Last edited by NutsAboutAmiga on 08-Aug-2017 at 04:26 PM.
Last edited by NutsAboutAmiga on 08-Aug-2017 at 04:24 PM.
Last edited by NutsAboutAmiga on 08-Aug-2017 at 04:18 PM.
Your knowledge about these things are endlessly better than mine, but I expect the performance would improve quite a bit if the Emulator had been programmed spesifically for Vampire.
How much on the V2 and V4?
I see the cache is bigger on the V4.
Anyhow; you Mr Nuts, understand the potential much better than me, so maybe you have a qualified guess?
Last edited by NutsAboutAmiga on 08-Aug-2017 at 04:36 PM.
Time invested = better software.
Like I pointed out your running on Amiga chipsets, you should be able to take advantage of that. There will always be cost, be cost can be lot less then this.
JIT compiler, maybe 10 x the speed you see here.
Paula to Paula emulation, you cut a lot of overhead there.
the AGA to Chunky, is costly because your doing bit conversion to bytes, and then from bytes 32bit int's, precisely how the AGA emulation work I have not looked at it.
You might come up good idea to do it, but when do it, you see its not as efficient as you might have expected.
I was thinking a bit about bit to byte conversion it seem to me, that loop table should pretty fast.
256 different values in byte, convert into 8 pixels.
That is 8 bytes * 256 combination = 2048 bytes of table, you need one table for etch bit plane, that's 8, that's a table of 16384 bytes.
I don't know how UAE does it this I can imagen doing, AGA to RTG, conversion.
What you might have realized is that, it lot of data that has to be shuffled around, for just one frame to be updated.
Last edited by NutsAboutAmiga on 08-Aug-2017 at 05:09 PM.
Last edited by NutsAboutAmiga on 08-Aug-2017 at 05:08 PM.
Last edited by NutsAboutAmiga on 08-Aug-2017 at 05:06 PM.
Another nice update to the RiVA from Henryk Richter. Powered by AMMX.
When will developers of Style Sheet browsers port to 68k to support modern web pages, that is a game changer I think.
FEMU by Jari running on Gold 2.7.
Gunnar hopes/expects that to improve to 3-4 MFLOPS.
And then you have the comment that V4 will have FPU on its own.


Or something else…that's cool too. happn. Ever wonder if you've met your soulmate, but didn't know it? Bumble. Bumble is like Tinder, but with all the power in the ladies' thumbs, and far fewer inappropriate pics. Coffee Meets Bagel. Dragonfruit. OK Cupid. Badoo. Hinge. Twindog.
tap "yes" or "no" to indicate whether or not they would like to meet.
used to enjoy reading profiles on sites like Okcupid and POF.
Former Vancouver Canuck spots massive shark off B.C. coast.


text:
Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith, Mountain States Regional Office Records
Identifier: B090
Abstract The Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith, Mountain States Regional Office began in 1913 as a volunteer committee led by Simon Heller. The purpose of the organization was to fight prejudice and intolerance and to preserve the Jewish democratic heritage. The formal organization was established in 1941 as the tri-state office with Harold Saks as the first director. The Mountain States Regional Office in Denver worked toward the elimination of discrimination in employment, housing,...
Found in: Special Collections and Archives
Edward Silverberg Papers
Abstract Edward Silverberg was born in 1894 in Denver, Colorado and graduated from Colorado College of Dental Surgery. After serving in the army during World War I, he began his dental practice in Denver, where he was affectionately known as "Dr. Ed." He also served in World War II and was retired as a colonel in 1954. He worked actively in the Reserve Officers Association. He volunteered in many charitable and community organizations, including B'nai B'rith, Ex-Patients Home, and was a founder and...
Jack Greenwald Papers
Abstract Jack Greenwald was born June 14, 1928 in Columbus, Ohio, the youngest son of Rabbi Yekusiel Yehudah Greenwald (1888 - 1954). Rabbi Greenwald Rabbi Greenwald only knew German and had to learn Yiddish before he became rabbi of the Beth-Jacob Shul in Columbus, Ohio, a Yiddi. Jack Greenwald came to Denver, Colorado in 1946 and received his Bachelor of Science of Law, 1950, and his Juris Doctorate, 1952, both degrees from the University of Denver. Professionally, he specialized in the area of...
Sheldon Steinhauser Papers
Abstract Sheldon Steinhauser was born in the Bronx, New York City, on August 11, 1930. His accomplishments include service with the Anti-Defamation League, 1950-1985 (Mountain States Regional Director and serveral national positions in Denver, 1957-1985; Executive Director of the Allied Jewish Federation (now Jewish Colorado), 1985-1991; Associate Professor of Sociology at Metropolitan State University of Denver, 1969-2015, and served as the Director of Development for the Skaggs School of Pharmacy and...
Names: B'nai B'rith. Anti-defamation League. Mountain States Regional Office X
Denver (Colo.) 3
Jewish men -- Colorado -- Denver 2
Antisemitism 1
Associations, institutions, etc. 1
Bar mitzvah 1
Christianity and antisemitism 1
Corporate minutes 1
Diversity and aging 1
Genealogical tables 1
Jewish lawyers -- Colorado -- Denver 1
Jews 1
Jews -- Colorado -- Social life and customs 1
Letters to the editor 1
Montgomery (Ala.) 1
Nonprofit organizations 1
Orthodox Judaism 1
Philanthropists 1
Photographs 1
Selma (Ala.) 1
Speeches (Documents) 1
Multiple languages 1
Allied Jewish Federation of Colorado 1
Anti-defamation League 1
Greenwald, Jack, 1928- 1
Greenwald, Jekuthiel Judah, 1889-1955 1
Hillel Academy (Denver, Colo.) 1
Reserve Officers Association of the United States 1
Silverberg, Edward Melvin, 1894-1977 1
Steinhauser, Sheldon 1
University of Denver. College of Law 1


text:
Q: GetX UI state not changing on ListTile I have a list of objects, but I want to change the state of one object to "isLoading" where it will have a different title, etc.
I'm building my list view:
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
        key: scaffoldKey,
        body: Obx(() => buildListView(context)));
  }

  Widget buildListView(BuildContext context) {
    return ListView.builder(
        itemCount: controller.saveGames.length,
        itemBuilder: (context, index) {
          final saveGame = controller.saveGames.elementAt(index);

          return saveGame.isLoading
              ? buildListTileIsLoading(context, saveGame)
              : buildListTile(context, saveGame);
        });
  }

  ListTile buildListTile(BuildContext context, SaveGame saveGame) {
    return ListTile(
      onTap: () => controller.process(saveGame)
    );
  }

The controller:
class SaveGameController extends GetxController {

  final RxList<SaveGame> saveGames = <SaveGame>[].obs;

  void process(SaveGame saveGame) {
    saveGame.working = true;

    update();
  }

}

Where have I gone wrong here?
edits: Added more code

A: So despite the fact, I'm only updating one object in the list and not modifying the content of the list (adding/removing objects) I still need to call saveGames.refresh();
An oversight on my end didn't think you'd need to refresh the entire list if you're just changing the property on one of the objects.
Good to know :)

A: update() is used with GetBuilder()
obs() is used with obx()
you need to make a change on list to update widgets

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:get/get.dart';
import 'package:get/get_navigation/get_navigation.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MyApp());
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  const MyApp({Key? key}) : super(key: key);

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return GetMaterialApp(
      onInit: () {
        Get.lazyPut(() => SaveGameController());
      },
      home: const HomePage(),
    );
  }
}

class HomePage extends GetView<SaveGameController> {
  const HomePage({Key? key}) : super(key: key);

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(appBar: AppBar(), body: Obx(() => buildListView(context)));
  }

  Widget buildListView(BuildContext context) {
    return ListView.builder(
        itemCount: controller.saveGames.length,
        itemBuilder: (context, index) {
          final saveGame = controller.saveGames.elementAt(index);

          return buildListTile(context, saveGame);
        });
  }

  ListTile buildListTile(BuildContext context, SaveGame saveGame) {
    return ListTile(
        tileColor: saveGame.working ? Colors.red : Colors.yellow,
        title: Text(saveGame.name),
        onTap: () => controller.process(saveGame));
  }
}

class SaveGameController extends GetxController {
  final RxList<SaveGame> saveGames = <SaveGame>[
    SaveGame(id: 0, name: 'a', working: false),
    SaveGame(id: 1, name: 'b', working: false),
    SaveGame(id: 2, name: 'c', working: false)
  ].obs;

  void process(SaveGame saveGame) {
    final index = saveGames.indexWhere((element) => element.id == saveGame.id);
    saveGames
        .replaceRange(index, index + 1, [saveGame.copyWith(working: true)]);
  }
}

class SaveGame {
  final int id;
  final String name;
  final bool working;
  SaveGame({required this.id, required this.name, required this.working});
  SaveGame copyWith({int? id, String? name, bool? working}) {
    return SaveGame(
        id: id ?? this.id,
        name: name ?? this.name,
        working: working ?? this.working);
  }
}