text:
package org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg;

import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.AssignImpl;
import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.CompensateImpl;
import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.CompensateScopeImpl;
import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.ElseIfImpl;
import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.ElseImpl;
import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.EmptyImpl;
import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.ExitImpl;
import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.FlowImpl;
import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.ForEachImpl;
import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.IfImpl;
import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.InvokeImpl;
import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.OnAlarmImpl;
import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.OnEventImpl;
import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.OnMessageImpl;
import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.PickImpl;
import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.ProcessImpl;
import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.ReThrowImpl;
import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.ReceiveImpl;
import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.RepeatUntilImpl;
import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.ReplyImpl;
import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.ScopeImpl;
import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.ThrowImpl;
import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.WaitImpl;
import org.wso2.carbon.bpel.ui.bpel2svg.impl.WhileImpl;

/**
 * Manage the tag names, and the tag icon locations
 */
public class BPEL2SVGFactory {
    // Constants
    // START_TAGS
    public static final String ASSIGN_START_TAG = "assign";
    public static final String CATCH_START_TAG = "catch";
    public static final String CATCHALL_START_TAG = "catchAll";
    public static final String COMPENSATESCOPE_START_TAG = "compensateScope";
    public static final String COMPENSATE_START_TAG = "compensate";
    public static final String COMPENSATIONHANDLER_START_TAG = "compensationHandler";
    public static final String ELSE_START_TAG = "else";
    public static final String ELSEIF_START_TAG = "elseif";
    public static final String EVENTHANDLER_START_TAG = "eventHandlers";
    public static final String EXIT_START_TAG = "exit";
    public static final String FAULTHANDLER_START_TAG = "faultHandlers";
    public static final String FLOW_START_TAG = "flow";
    public static final String FOREACH_START_TAG = "forEach";
    public static final String IF_START_TAG = "if";
    public static final String INVOKE_START_TAG = "invoke";
    public static final String ONALARM_START_TAG = "onAlarm";
    public static final String ONEVENT_START_TAG = "onEvent";
    public static final String ONMESSAGE_START_TAG = "onMessage";
    public static final String PICK_START_TAG = "pick";
    public static final String PROCESS_START_TAG = "process";
    public static final String RECEIVE_START_TAG = "receive";
    public static final String REPEATUNTIL_START_TAG = "repeatUntil";
    public static final String REPLY_START_TAG = "reply";
    public static final String RETHROW_START_TAG = "rethrow";
    public static final String SCOPE_START_TAG = "scope";
    public static final String SEQUENCE_START_TAG = "sequence";
    public static final String SOURCE_START_TAG = "source";
    public static final String SOURCES_START_TAG = "sources";
    public static final String TARGET_START_TAG = "target";
    public static final String TARGETS_START_TAG = "targets";
    public static final String TERMINATIONHANDLER_START_TAG = "terminationHandler";
    public static final String THROW_START_TAG = "throw";
    public static final String WAIT_START_TAG = "wait";
    public static final String WHILE_START_TAG = "while";
    public static final String EMPTY_START_TAG = "empty";
    // END_TAGS
    public static final String ASSIGN_END_TAG = "/assign";
    public static final String CATCH_END_TAG = "/catch";
    public static final String CATCHALL_END_TAG = "/catchAll";
    public static final String COMPENSATESCOPE_END_TAG = "/compensateScope";
    public static final String COMPENSATE_END_TAG = "/compensate";
    public static final String COMPENSATIONHANDLER_END_TAG = "/compensationHandler";
    public static final String ELSE_END_TAG = "/else";
    public static final String ELSEIF_END_TAG = "/elseif";
    public static final String EVENTHANDLER_END_TAG = "/eventHandlers";
    public static final String EXIT_END_TAG = "/exit";
    public static final String FAULTHANDLER_END_TAG = "/faultHandlers";
    public static final String FLOW_END_TAG = "/flow";
    public static final String FOREACH_END_TAG = "/forEach";
    public static final String IF_END_TAG = "/if";
    public static final String INVOKE_END_TAG = "/invoke";
    public static final String ONMESSAGE_END_TAG = "/onMessage";
    public static final String ONALARM_END_TAG = "/onAlarm";
    public static final String ONEVENT_END_TAG = "/onEvent";
    public static final String PICK_END_TAG = "/pick";
    public static final String PROCESS_END_TAG = "/process";
    public static final String RECEIVE_END_TAG = "/receive";
    public static final String REPEATUNTIL_END_TAG = "/repeatUntil";
    public static final String REPLY_END_TAG = "/reply";
    public static final String RETHROW_END_TAG = "/rethrow";
    public static final String SCOPE_END_TAG = "/scope";
    public static final String SEQUENCE_END_TAG = "/sequence";
    public static final String SOURCE_END_TAG = "/source";
    public static final String SOURCES_END_TAG = "/sources";
    public static final String TARGET_END_TAG = "/target";
    public static final String TARGETS_END_TAG = "/targets";
    public static final String TERMINATIONHANDLER_END_TAG = "/terminationHandler";
    public static final String THROW_END_TAG = "/throw";
    public static final String WAIT_END_TAG = "/wait";
    public static final String WHILE_END_TAG = "/while";
    public static final String EMPTY_END_TAG = "/empty";

    public static final String SINGLE_LINE_END_TAG = "/>";
    public static final int TEXT_ADJUST = 10;
    private static volatile BPEL2SVGFactory instance = null;
    // Properties
    //Variable with the source of the images/icons
    public String iconSource = "images/bpel2svg";
    public LayoutManager layoutManager = null;
    // Icon Extension for the activity icons
    private String iconExtension = ".png";

    /**
     * @return instance of a BPEL2SVGFactory
     */
    public static BPEL2SVGFactory getInstance() {
        if (instance == null) {
            instance = new BPEL2SVGFactory();
        }
        return instance;
    }

    /**
     * @return instance of LayoutManager
     */
    public LayoutManager getLayoutManager() {
        if (layoutManager == null) {
            layoutManager = new LayoutManager();
        }
        return layoutManager;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the layoutManager
     *
     * @param layoutManager
     */
    public void setLayoutManager(LayoutManager layoutManager) {
        this.layoutManager = layoutManager;
    }

    //Getter and Setter of the icon extension of the activity icons

    /**
     * Gets the extension of the activity icon
     *
     * @return String with the extension of the activity icon
     */
    public String getIconExtension() {
        return iconExtension;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the extension of the activity icon
     *
     * @param iconExtension extension of the activity icon
     */
    public void setIconExtension(String iconExtension) {
        this.iconExtension = iconExtension;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the start icon path of each activity
     *
     * @param activity String with the activity type/name
     * @return String with the start icon path relevant to each activity according to the activity type/name
     */
    public String getIconPath(String activity) {
        String iconPath = null;
        if (activity != null) {
            if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(AssignImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.ASSIGN_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(EmptyImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.EMPTY_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(ElseIfImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.ELSEIF_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(ElseImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.ELSE_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(CompensateImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.COMPENSATE_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(CompensateScopeImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.COMPENSATESCOPE_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(ExitImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.EXIT_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(FlowImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.FLOW_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(ForEachImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.FOREACH_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(IfImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.IF_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(InvokeImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.INVOKE_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(OnAlarmImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.ONALARM_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(OnEventImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.ONEVENT_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(OnMessageImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.ONMESSAGE_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(PickImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.PICK_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(ProcessImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.START_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(ReceiveImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.RECEIVE_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(RepeatUntilImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.REPEATUNTIL_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(ReplyImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.REPLY_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(ReThrowImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.RETHROW_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(ScopeImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.SCOPE_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(ThrowImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.THROW_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(WaitImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.WAIT_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(WhileImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.WHILE_ICON;
            }
        }

        return iconPath;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the end icon path of each activity
     *
     * @param activity String with the activity type/name
     * @return String with the end icon path relevant to each activity according to the activity type/name
     */
    public String getEndIconPath(String activity) {
        String iconPath = null;
        if (activity != null) {
            if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(FlowImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.FLOW_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(ForEachImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.ENDFOREACH_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(IfImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.ENDIF_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(PickImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.PICK_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(ProcessImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.END_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(RepeatUntilImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.ENDREPEATUNTIL_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(ScopeImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.SCOPE_ICON;
            } else if (activity.equalsIgnoreCase(WhileImpl.class.getName())) {
                iconPath = BPEL2SVGIcons.ENDWHILE_ICON;
            }
        }
        return iconPath;
    }
    //Getter and Setter of the image source of the activity icons

    /**
     * Gets the source of the activity icon
     *
     * @return String with the source of the activity icon
     */
    public String getIconSource() {
        return iconSource;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the source of the activity icon
     *
     * @param iconSource source of the activity icon
     */
    public void setIconSource(String iconSource) {
        this.iconSource = iconSource;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Christian Wolff between Cartesians and Newtonians In the traditional view on the period 1700-1750 a sharp distinction is drawn between two antagonistic scientific schools, Cartesianism and Newtonianism. The scientific work of Christian Wolff (1679-1754), which was recently called Cartesian, serves as an example to show the limitations and false suggestions of such a polar view. Wolffs attitude in the discussions on Descartes' vortices and Newton's gravitation, as well as on Newton's new theory of light and colours, is analysed. In addition, his ideas on the method and structure of science are discussed. Wolffs scientific position turns out to be neither Cartesian, nor Newtonian. The introduction of an additional 'ism' (neo-Cartesianism or Leibnizianism) is found to be premature.


text:
US Sales +1 513 474 0565 | UK Sales +44 2921 250 093
About Abriox
MERLIN Cathodic Protection Monitoring
Rectifier and Solar Station Monitors
Test Station and Bond Monitors
Nitrogen Sleeve Monitors
Interrupters and Relays
OSPREY Gas Pressure Monitoring
Pressure Monitors
Go to iCPSM
Contact Abriox US
Contact Abriox UK & International
Abriox Shortlisted in Commercial Innovation of the Year Awards
Home/News/Abriox Shortlisted in Commercial Innovation of the Year Awards
Abriox Ltd are proud to be shortlisted as a finalist in the Construction News Awards 2016. The OSPREY Pressure Validator has been nominated for the category of Commercial Innovation Of The Year in partnership with SGN.
The CN Awards 2016 is a celebration of 20 years as the most prestigious and coveted awards in the UK construction industry.
The awards evening will take place at the Grosvenor House Hotel in London on 14th July 2016.
https://awards.constructionnews.co.uk/
Steve Kelly2017-02-01T11:02:13+00:00May 4th, 2016|
FacebookTwitterRedditLinkedInWhatsAppEmail
MERLIN6 AC Monitor & CP Hemi Monitor – Introductory Offers
Solid State Relays – Available Now
iCPSM4 – Available Now
MERLIN6 – Available Now
Potential Impact of Coronavirus
Archives Select Month August 2020 June 2020 May 2020 March 2020 September 2019 August 2019 March 2019 January 2018 May 2017 May 2016 April 2016 March 2016 December 2015 October 2015 September 2015 July 2015 May 2015 April 2015 March 2015 February 2015 January 2015 December 2014 September 2014 August 2014 June 2014 May 2014 April 2014 March 2014 February 2014 January 2014 December 2013 November 2013 October 2013 September 2013 August 2013 July 2013 May 2013 March 2013 October 2012 September 2012 August 2012 July 2012 April 2012 March 2012 January 2012 July 2011 May 2011 April 2011 March 2011 February 2011 January 2011 December 2010 November 2010 October 2010 September 2010 August 2010 July 2010 June 2010 May 2010 April 2010 March 2010 February 2010 January 2010 December 2009 November 2009 October 2009 August 2009 July 2009 June 2009 May 2009 April 2009 March 2009 February 2009 November 2008 October 2008 September 2008 August 2008 June 2008 May 2008 April 2008 March 2008 February 2008 January 2008 November 2007 October 2007 September 2007 August 2007 June 2007 May 2007 April 2007 March 2007 February 2007 January 2007 December 2006 November 2006 October 2006 September 2006 August 2006 May 2006 April 2006 October 2005
1118 Ferris Road, Suite 200, Amelia, OH 45102. United States
Email: usinfo@abriox.com
UK & International
Unit 3, Imperial Courtyard, Newport. NP10 8UL. United Kingdom
Email: info@abriox.com
US Mailing List
UK & Int Mailing List
© 2020 Abriox | All Rights Reserved

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
You are here: Home › Stray bullet grazes Rays fan at Tropicana Field
Well, this is a new one: a fan attending a Tampa Bay Rays game at Tropicana Field was grazed by a falling bullet that most likely came through the roof of the covered ballpark.
The fan, Charles Sweatt, was watching the Rays game when he felt a sting in his right thigh. He didn't think much of it until the area bruised up and a nearby fan found a bullet.
Shots were fired a mile outside the ballpark, and police speculate that a bullet from that encountered traveled far enough to go through a panel in the Tropicana Field roof and hit Sweatt, though the bullet was considerably slowed down by the time it reached him. Because of the lack of velocity and the fact that the Rays check bags before fans enter the ballpark, St. Petersburg police officials are going with the theory that the bullet came from a mile away.
RFK Stadium demolition underway
bullet, charles sweatt, shooting, tampa bay rays, tropicana field
MLB 2014 season to open in Australia?


Kristy Byers began using Rethink at the beginning of the 2014/15 school year. What she has found most valuable about Rethink is its capacity to facilitate collaboration: "With Rethink, my whole team–paraprofessionals, speech therapists, etc.–can easily keep up with each child's progress and work with them on appropriate skills," Kristy explained. She has also had success collaborating with parents. By sharing Rethink's graphs and reports, she has found it much easier to keep parents abreast on their child's progress and encourage participation in their child's growth.
In the relatively short time that Kristy has been using the Rethink program, she has seen significant progress in some of her students with the most intensive needs. For instance, at the beginning of the year one of her students came to her with severe echolalia–communicating only by echoing or repeating other people's speech. Using Rethink strategies and lessons, Kristy collaborated with the student's learning team to set up a plan and began to work on teaching him appropriate greetings. "One day, after we'd been working with the student for about 2 weeks," Kristy explained, "he entered the classroom, and when I said 'good morning', he said 'hi!' It was so exciting!" Now, 2 months later, he is communicating independently with very few (if any) echolalic phrases and his whole world of communication has opened up to him. His parents are thrilled because his learning has carried over into the home environment as well!
Challenging behavior in the classroom is one of the most highly discussed topics in public education. Teachers frequently report that disruptive behavior is their greatest concern and has a significant impact on their job satisfaction. This session will focus on what teachers do best – facilitate student learning and teach students new skills. Direct instruction in social skills promotes skill development in pro-social behaviors and reduces challenging behavior. When students have social skills in their repertoire they don't have to rely on challenging behavior.
Dr. Patricia Wright, is Rethink's VP of Professional Services and a Board Certified Behavior Analyst. Prior to joining Rethink, she was the National Director for Autism Services at Easter Seals, one of the largest social service providers for individuals with autism. Dr. Wright has a passion for education and has dedicated her career to ensuring that individuals with disabilities are fully included in society.
Click the button below to learn more about social emotional wellness with a FREE on-demand webinar!


text:
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Low-lying areas of tropical Pacific islands Active
By Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center May 24, 2021
Sea level is rising faster than projected in the western Pacific, so understanding how wave-driven coastal flooding will affect inhabited, low-lying islands—most notably, the familiar ring-shaped atolls—as well as the low-elevation areas of high islands in the Pacific Ocean, is critical for decision-makers in protecting infrastructure or relocating resources and people.
Residents in the northern part of the capital city of Majuro in the Marshall Islands watch as their neighborhood floods with seawater during a king tide. This high tide followed flooding from storm surge earlier that day (March 3, 2014).
In March 2014, USGS instruments recorded an unexpected combination of unusually high tides and large 5-meter swells that flooded many areas within the Republic of the Marshall Islands. The Marshall Islands president issued a state of emergency and press release: "This week's king tides were the worst that the Marshall Islands has experienced in over 30 years, and the third time the capital Majuro has flooded in the last year alone." Such events historically occurred every few decades—but now they are occurring multiple times a decade. Saltwater can flood natural inland depressions, such as freshwater ponds where taro grows. USGS research hydrologist Stephen Gingerich has seen islanders frantically digging long trenches out to the ocean to attempt to drain the seawater before it kills their crops.
The rise in sea level has far surpassed the 2007 estimate from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and could reach 2 meters within this century. Human populations are generally concentrated along coastlines, and people on low-lying islands in the Pacific are at particular risk since they cannot move to higher elevations. With a cultural history going back hundreds of years in these islands, inhabitants would not want simply to leave.
Large swells from the north-northeast with heights up to 5 meters (16 feet) combined with unusually high tides inundated much of the Republic of the Marshall Islands on March 2, 2014.
Map shows the Pacific Ocean and locations of countries, islands, island nations, and atolls.
Some of these islands have average elevations of only 2 meters above sea level and are exposed to waves as high as 5 to 7 meters most winters. Coral reefs surrounding these islands provide an important natural barrier that dissipates the destructive energy from large waves, but this protection will decline as sea-level rise outpaces reef growth. The effects of storm waves coupled with sea-level rise will exacerbate flooding problems, but these effects have generally not been incorporated into climate change projections Furthermore, the islands' shallow, freshwater aquifers can be contaminated by a rise in sea level and subsequent saltwater flooding, which can also destroy most of the agricultural and habitable lands located in low-lying areas.
This instrument measures wave height, wave direction, current speed, and current direction. The instrument has been installed on the fore reef of Roi-Namur Island of Kwajalein Atoll in the Pacific Ocean.
Knowing what is possible to protect can save time and money for individuals, planners, and government officials. Many islands in the Pacific Ocean are part of the U.S (such as Hawaii), are U.S. territories (for example, Guam, Johnston Atoll, Jarvis Island, American Samoa), or fall under the umbrella of the U.S. Department of the Interior (U.S. Office of Insular Affairs) and the Department of Defense because they are part of the Compact of Free Association (for example, Republic of the Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia). The Republic of the Marshall Islands has collected meteorological and oceanographic data on rising seas for several decades—data that can help researchers determine what might happen to other islands around the world. Which islands are immediately threatened? Which have more time to plan for sea-level rise? USGS research can tackle those questions that ultimately help world leaders set priorities for their own nations and understand the potential consequences of an influx of climate change refugees from other nations.
What the USGS is doing
USGS scientist Curt Storlazzi attaches a wave/tide gauge on the shallow reef flat adjacent to shore on Kwajalein Atoll.
An increase in wave-driven flooding is expected to affect areas of human habitation and agriculture on islands in the Pacific. To determine how climate change will alter the size and direction of ocean waves, and how far the waves might travel over coral reefs to flood inland areas and infiltrate freshwater aquifers, the USGS is studying 25 Pacific islands. The data they collect will help validate oceanographic models of future wind and wave action in the studied regions.
USGS has deployed instruments on the beach, along various parts of the reef, and in groundwater wells on the island of Roi-Namur, on Kwajalein Atoll in the Republic of the Marshall Islands, to record wave-driven flood events over a long period of time. Kwajalein Atoll is one of the largest atolls in the world, and the U.S. Army's Reagan Test Site located here will be a test case for modeling flood scenarios for other Pacific islands.
Cross section of an island's freshwater lens (blue), showing that when seawater (green) floods it, 15 months or longer may pass before the heavier salt water settles to the bottom and eventually mixes out of the system to make it drinkable.
USGS researchers measure the waves, tides, currents, temperature, salinity, and run-up levels (distance inland that waves travel). An important feature vulnerable to waves is an island's fresh groundwater "lens." Normally, this underground freshwater floats on top of denser seawater. Large storm waves can wash over the island, leaving saltwater on top of the freshwater lens. Researchers want to know: How long will it take for the saltwater to percolate downward and contaminate the island's freshwater supply? How long before rainfall can replenish and purify the freshwater?
Studying the island's groundwater can help researchers isolate and project the effects of large storms. Analyzing the water's geochemistry can provide insights into the groundwater's "age," contaminants, and how quickly water flushes through the system. Because saltwater conducts electricity better than freshwater, USGS researchers also measure the electrical resistivity of the water in groundwater wells to better understand how the "lens" reacts to tides and wave-driven flooding.
Creating new, high-resolution bathymetric maps from satellite imagery, and topographic maps from terrestrial lidar data, has enabled USGS to generate maps to a resolution of a centimeter or less. Mapping an island with high-precision tools reveals more details about what happens as waves move from deep water to the shallow regions of the coast and up onto the land, and allows for more accurate modeling of future climatic effects on atolls.
What the USGS has learned
High waves coupled with king tides hit the Jable side of Majuro in the Marshall Islands in October 2014, and damaged homes and agriculture—an event that has become more frequent in low-lying atolls.
Modeling by USGS researchers and colleagues at the University of California, Santa Cruz, shows that climate changes during the 21st century will alter the strength and direction of the highest waves and strongest winds across U.S. and U.S.-affiliated Pacific Islands. For example, extreme wave heights will increase until the middle of the 21st century and then decrease toward the end of the century. A recent USGS report gives detailed projections that will help communities, engineers, and natural-resource managers prepare for resulting shifts in flooding threats to their particular areas.
Aerial photograph of Satawan Atoll, Chuuk State, Federated States of Micronesia showing low-lying atoll islets perched on the reef rim.
Modeling by USGS scientists and colleagues at the Deltares institute in the Netherlands shows that climate change may reduce the ability of coral reefs to protect tropical islands against wave attack, erosion, and saltwater contamination of freshwater resources. Healthy coral reefs have rough surfaces and complex structures that slow incoming waves. But climate-change effects, including ocean acidification, coral bleaching, and smothering by sediment stirred up by waves, threaten reefs. As coral reefs decay, they become smoother, inhibiting their ability to dissipate wave energy. It is expected that smoother reefs combined with rising sea level will lead to increased flooding on land.
Another modeling effort by scientists with the USGS, Deltares, and the University of Hawai'i at Hilo forecasts that waves will interact synergistically with sea-level rise, causing twice as much land to flood for a given future sea level than currently predicted by models that do not take wave-driven water levels into account. These changes mean that many atolls could be flooded every year and their freshwater supplies contaminated—forcing some inhabitants to abandon their homes in decades, rather than in centuries as previously thought.
Curt Storlazzi, PhD
Research Geologist
cstorlazzi@usgs.gov
Climate Change Impacts
Coastal Change
Coastal Mapping
Forecasts and Models
Sea-Level Rise
Storm Impacts
Coastal and Marine Hazards
Hurricanes and Extreme Storms
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources
Atolls
Coastal Vulnerability Assessments
fringing reef
wave-driven flooding
freshwater aquifer
saltwater contamination
office of insular affairs
This research is part of the USGS project titled, "Coastal Climate Impacts."
Explore other research topics associated with this project, below.
Coastal Climate Impacts
The impacts of climate change and sea-level rise around the Pacific and Arctic Oceans can vary tremendously. Thus far the vast majority of national and international impact assessments and models of coastal climate change have focused on low-relief coastlines that are not near seismically active zones. Furthermore, the degree to which extreme waves and wind will add further stress to coastal...
Below are data releases associated with this project.
Below are multimedia items associated with this project.
Below are publications associated with this project.
HyCReWW: A hybrid coral reef wave and water level metamodel
Wave-induced flooding is a major coastal hazard on tropical islands fronted by coral reefs. The variability of shape, size, and physical characteristics of the reefs across the globe make it difficult to obtain a parameterization of wave run-up, which is needed for risk assessments. Therefore, we developed the HyCReWW metamodel to predict wave run-up under a wide range of reef morphometric and off
Physical mechanisms influencing localized patterns of temperature variability and coral bleaching within a system of reef atolls
Interactions between oceanic and atmospheric processes within coral reefs can significantly alter local-scale ( 60%) over most of this system; however, the bleaching patterns were not uniform. Little is known about the processes governing thermodynamic variability within atolls, particularly those that are dominated by large amplitude tides. Here, we identify three mechanisms at Scott Reef that al
St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Hydrodynamics of a tidally‐forced coral reef atoll
The hydrodynamics of a tidally forced semi‐enclosed coral reef atoll (North Scott) at the edge of the continental shelf of northwestern Australia were investigated by combining field observations and numerical modeling. The observations revealed that the spring tidal range outside the atoll reaches 4 m, and as the water level drops below mean sea level, the reef rim surrounding the shallow (~10–15
Geochemical sourcing of runoff from a young volcanic watershed to an impacted coral reef in Pelekane Bay, Hawaii
Runoff of sediment and other contaminants from developed watersheds threatens coastal ecosystems and services. A sediment geochemical sourcing study was undertaken on a sediment-impacted coral reef flat to identify terrestrial sediment sources and how these changed over time. Geochemical signatures were identified for watershed soils that formed on Hawaiian basaltic and alkalic lavas using relativ
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Meteorologic, oceanographic, and geomorphic controls on circulation and residence time in a coral reef-lined embayment: Faga'alu Bay, American Samoa
Water circulation over coral reefs can determine the degree to which reef organisms are exposed to the overlying waters, so understanding circulation is necessary to interpret spatial patterns in coral health. Because coral reefs often have high geomorphic complexity, circulation patterns and the duration of exposure, or "local residence time" of a water parcel, can vary substantially over small d
Spatial variability of sediment transport processes over intratidal and subtidal timescales within a fringing coral reef system
Sediment produced on fringing coral reefs that is transported along the bed or in suspension affects ecological reef communities as well as the morphological development of the reef, lagoon, and adjacent shoreline. This study quantified the physical process contribution and relative importance of sea‐swell waves, infragravity waves, and mean currents to the spatial and temporal variability of sedi
Mechanisms of wave‐driven water level variability on reef‐fringed coastlines
Wave‐driven water level variability (and runup at the shoreline) is a significant cause of coastal flooding induced by storms. Wave runup is challenging to predict, particularly along tropical coral reef‐fringed coastlines due to the steep bathymetric profiles and large bottom roughness generated by reef organisms, which can violate assumptions in conventional models applied to open sandy coastlin
Most atolls will be uninhabitable by the mid-21st century because of sea-level rise exacerbating wave-driven flooding
Sea levels are rising, with the highest rates in the tropics, where thousands of low-lying coral atoll islands are located. Most studies on the resilience of these islands to sea-level rise have projected that they will experience minimal inundation impacts until at least the end of the 21st century. However, these have not taken into account the additional hazard of wave-driven overwash or its im
Nonhydrostatic and surfbeat model predictions of extreme wave run-up in fringing reef environments
The accurate prediction of extreme wave run-up is important for effective coastal engineering design and coastal hazard management. While run-up processes on open sandy coasts have been reasonably well-studied, very few studies have focused on understanding and predicting wave run-up at coral reef-fronted coastlines. This paper applies the short-wave resolving, Nonhydrostatic (XB-NH) and short-wav
Vulnerability of coral reefs to bioerosion from land-based sources of pollution
Ocean acidification (OA), the gradual decline in ocean pH and [ ] caused by rising levels of atmospheric CO2, poses a significant threat to coral reef ecosystems, depressing rates of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) production, and enhancing rates of bioerosion and dissolution. As ocean pH and [ ] decline globally, there is increasing emphasis on managing local stressors that can exacerbate the vulnerabi
A Bayesian-based system to assess wave-driven flooding hazards on coral reef-lined coasts
Many low-elevation, coral reef-lined, tropical coasts are vulnerable to the effects of climate change, sea level rise, and wave-induced flooding. The considerable morphological diversity of these coasts and the variability of the hydrodynamic forcing that they are exposed to make predicting wave-induced flooding a challenge. A process-based wave-resolving hydrodynamic model (XBeach Non-Hydrostatic
Atoll groundwater movement and its response to climatic and sea-level fluctuations
Groundwater resources of low-lying atoll islands are threatened due to short-term and long-term changes in rainfall, wave climate, and sea level. A better understanding of how these forcings affect the limited groundwater resources was explored on Roi-Namur in the Republic of the Marshall Islands. As part of a 16-month study, a rarely recorded island-overwash event occurred and the island's aquife
Below are news stories associated with this project.
Below are partners associated with this project.
International Pacific Research Center
NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science
University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC)


Trapping the jewels of the heaven's tear drop.
That makes your old-lee bones shiver.
This, boy look, this is the gasp, of a dying woman.
Sweating her sweet-sweet dew water.
Her free children fight and fight.
Murder and kill for what?
And flying on the wings of death.
And more like the other.
Kill them, stupid girl, kill them!
In this land, it's kill or be killed.
The waterscape of the Rupununi tears.
Save my soul one last time.
Of protection around the benab.
The flesh and soul of the Red Mother's children.
Daughter of the Red Mother.
Take this red antatu paste.
And you shall live forever.
Trapin dem jewelz ah de eaven'z tear drap.
Dah mek ya ol-lee bonez dem shivah.
Diz, bai look, diz iz de gasp ah wan deadin woman.
Sweatin sheh sweet -sweet dew wata.
Sheh free picknee dem fight an fight.
Murdah an kill fah wah?
An flyin pun de wingz ah deadin.
Baptizin meh bruk up covenan.
An mo like de other.
Kill am, stupid gurl, kill am!
In diz lan, iz kill ah be kill.
De waterscape ah de Rupununi tearz.
Me an de meh nashion freedom.
Save meh soul wan las time.
Ah protecshion ahround de benab.
De flesh an soul ah de Red Muddah picknie.
An Seraphina soul de gea farm.
Daughta ah de Red Muddah.
Tek diz red antatu paste.
An yuh shall live fahevea.
Gabrielle E. Mohamed is a 25-year-old Guyanese writer who graduated from the University of Guyana in June 2017 with a Bachelor's of Arts Degree in English- Linguistics. As an emerging Creole poet, Gabrielle believes that the employment of her Guyanese space is essential in facilitating a breakdown and breakthrough process that will allow us to find our true selves that is devoid of any colonial touch. Thus her writing style attempts to capture the continual influence of colonial and postcolonial attitudes and behaviors within the lives of her countrymen. Moreover as a Catholic individual, it is her testimony that through the introduction of her Christian faith the escape of these colonial touches are possible, and will also enable us to establish the solid grounds of nationhood that will not force anyone into a state of being unhomed, but allow us to accept our fate as hybrid individuals of the Caribbean.
Ma girl! She be a bosss yo….


text:
Joan Falsison, natural de la població francesa d'Arràs, capital de l'Artois, va ser un important mestre tapisser actiu al terç central del .

Es desconeix en quin moment va abandonar el nord d'Europa. El 1441 va instal·lar el seu taller a Barcelona, on va treballar per al Consell de Cent i per a la confraria dels mercers. El 1444 va passar a residir, juntament amb la seva família i els seus obrers, a Tortosa, on va romandre fins als volts del 1464. A la ciutat de l'Ebre va estar a sou del Consell municipal i va treballar per al Capítol catedralici.

A causa d'això, se li atribueix el tapís del Sant Sopar conservat a la catedral de la darrera ciutat esmentada. Es tracta de l'únic "drap de ras" o "d'obra de Flandes" clarament confeccionat a Catalunya entre els conservats i datables a l'edat mitjana.

Referències

Artistes del gòtic
Artistes francesos
Persones d'Arràs

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Sabi River Sun is an ideal getaway for nature lovers, or guests just wanting to relax in idyllic surroundings.
Set your own pace at this restful riverside resort, which offers a host of sporting and recreational options. One of Sabi's greatest attractions is its magnificent 18-hole golf course, featuring Hippo pools and spectacular fairways. The resort boasts 5 swimming pools, three floodlit tennis courts, bowling green, squash court and offers volleyball, pool, action cricket, river rafting, mountain biking, nature walks, and organized entertainment programs.
Try something different! Explore the wild beauty of the Kruger Park, God's Window and the Blyde River Canyon, or delve into the fascinating history of Pilgrim's Rest and follow the old Jock of the Bushveld trail.
Treat your family to a delicious meal at the resort's charming restaurant or drop in at one of the surrounding country homes for a romantic candlelit dinner; a sumptuous tea, or simply prepare your own picnic, topped up with fresh fruit, nuts and tempting treats available from the local farm stalls. End your day with a jaunt to the resort's convivial Waterhole Bar and share in the dreams and dares of daily life at Hazyview.
The Sabi River Sun has 3 well-appointed conference rooms - the Marula Room, Acasia and the Kiepersol Room. The largest room can accommodate 200 people cinema style, 100-schoolroom style, and 120-banquet style. Theme evenings, team building activities, entertainment and braais (barbecues) alongside the Sabi River can be arranged. A room hire charge includes the use of standard equipment.
In Africa, a basic family unit consists of six to twelve Elephants, but families of twelve to twenty Elephants are quite common.
South Africa boasts an array of championship Golf courses, some of which major tournaments are played at.


When we moved to our current property we fell in love with the surroundings. There were 9 acres complete with the standard old farmhouse with three out-buildings behind it. The old farmhouse was nothing to be proud of but anybody that stopped by always commented on the beauty of the property. The Portage River flows on the east side of our property then bends and outlines the entire south side as well. The entire west side of the property has a creek flowing into the river.
During the first spring of living at the new property there was flooding throughout Michigan unlike anything the state had seen in decades. Our river swelled up over its banks and flowed over the entire southeast corner of our property. Our new neighbors said they lived next door for 22 years and have never seen the river that high.
On a bright sun-filled day, I decided to get my waders out of storage and introduce myself to the river. The water flowing over the yard was up to my shins and was flowing pretty fast but not enough to disrupt my walking. Even when I stepped off the bank into the actual river there wasn't a strong enough flow to slow me down. As I slowly progressed into deeper waters the current became stronger and stronger. What was usually a fairly shallow and smooth river had grown into a powerful force. Before I could get all the way to the center of the river I had to stop or the water would have filled my chest-high waders and carried me away. Holding myself up against the current without being swept away was more of a strenuous endeavor than I would have guessed. Pushing myself against the flow was unnatural and consumed large amounts of energy.
I mention this story to share what seems to be an obvious point. Going against the flow is unnatural and consumes large amounts of our energy. Going with the flow is simple. Time stands still when you are in the flow. I think of sports stars like Michael Jordan, Lance Armstrong, or Muhammad Ali being in the flow while they're making their sport look effortless. I think of Stephen King or Nicholas Sparks writing a novel while in the flow. I think of a few of my favorite Scientists like Benjamin Franklin, Charles Darwin, Sigmund Freud, and Steve Jobs piecing together there theories while in the flow. All great discoveries and products in our society today are a direct result of someone being in the flow. Which begs the question: If its so obvious that living in the flow and going with the flow is so natural then why do we resist it?
I was fortunate enough to make a discovery this morning while being in the flow with my dear friend, Joanne! I discovered the biggest thing keeping me out of the flow was fear. I knew fear was an obstacle of mine in many areas but for whatever reason I never connected the dots that fear was keeping me out of the flow. No wonder the last two years seemed like such a struggle. No wonder I've been beating my head against a wall trying to be somebody I'm not.
Where do you find yourself today? Pushing against the flow and spending tons of energy trying to swim upstream? Going against your own Mysterious Flow will always lead to stress, anxiety, and failure. Sure, you might get a promotion or make some monetary gains but at what cost to your own well-being and the loved ones around you?
There's one last piece of the story I need to share about the river; later that week when we canoed downstream, the higher waters helped us avoid most of the obstacles that would have normally been in our way. The flow was greater and stronger, and yet the obstacles were less frequent. Instead of fretting because the river in your life has flooded and is roaring over the riverbanks, take comfort in knowing the flow is moving stronger and faster to assist you to get to where you're going. Open yourself up to the possibilities of your Mysterious Flow!
Previous Welcome to Mysterious Flow!
Great story and very reflective when we discover that we are dealing with things we didn't really realize were evident in our lives. I can't help but say tho…that the flow of the Holy Spirit in my own life is what brings direction and is the river I follow. If I followed my own flow I'd be in serious trouble. Love you.
Hey Becky, Thanks for responding and thanks for reading my blog! Life is definately an interesting journey to say the least! In response to your last comment I wanted to respond but I know its such a tender subject for so many people. My response for you is encouragement though. I want you to know that you have more power, more wisdom, and more creativity than you give yourself credit for! You are an extraordinary woman and your presence is something you can be more sure in. Don't sell yourself short, you have more intuition and more FLOW than you realize. Who do you think gives it to you in the first place? I believe you are a confident, beautiful, intelligent woman who needs to give herself more credit for the amazing decisions she has made in life. I'm not doubting your flow comes from the Holy Spirit, but I think sometimes we're unfair to ourselves when we blame all our bad qualities on us and whenever we get something right we say it coulnd't have been us so it must have been the Holy Spirit. I'm reminded of the quote from The Help where the maid repeated with the little girl, "You is kind! You is smart! You is important!" I'm not trying to take away the power you feel you have from the Holy Spirit, but I do want you to grasp just how powerful you are as an amazing woman! Love you!


text:
Home / About ASTRO / Board and Leadership / Board of Directors
Leadership Structure
Stephen M. Hahn
Education Council Chair
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
MD, Temple School of Medicine, Philadelphia, 1984.
BA, Rice University, Houston, 1980.
Radiation Oncology, Residency, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, 1991-1994.
Internal Medicine, Chief Resident, University of California, San Francisco Hospitals, San Francisco, 1987-1988.
Internship and Residency, University of California, San Francisco Hospitals, 1984-1987.
Medical Oncology, Fellowship, Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, 1988-1991.
Professor and Chair, Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 2005-Present.
Associate Professor, Radiation Oncology, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 2001-2005.
Assistant Professor, Radiation Oncology, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 1996-2001.
Medical and Radiation Oncologist Redwood Regional Oncology, Santa Rosa, California, 1995-1996.
Community Attending Physician, Family Practice Residency Community Hospital, Santa Rosa, California, 1995.
Chief, Prostate Cancer Clinic, Clinical Pharmacology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, 1994-1995.
Attending Physician, Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, 1993-1995.
Hospital/Institution Appointments
Henry K. Pancoast Professor and Chair, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 2005-present.
Director of Research and Vice-chair, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 2004-2005.
Director, Clinical Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 2001-2005.
Director, Clinical Services, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 2000-2001.
Director, Photodynamic Therapy Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 1996-2006.
Medical and Radiation Oncologist, Redwood Regional Oncology, Santa Rosa, California, 1995-1996.
Chief Resident, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco Hospitals, San Francisco, 1987-1988.
Biographical Statement
I currently serve as Chair and the Henry K. Pancoast Professor of the Department of Radiation Oncology at the University of Pennsylvania. I am an active clinician and board certified in radiation oncology, medical oncology and internal medicine. My research interests include the investigation of the tumor microenvironment in a variety of human tumors including brain tumors, the molecular determinants of the tumor microenvironment, particularly aberrant signal transduction pathways, and the evaluation of proton therapy as a means to improve the therapeutic index of radiation therapy. I have been a faculty member in the Flims Course for Clinical Trials Methodology for eight years and am currently one of the course directors. I have also been a faculty member in the AACR/ASCO-sponsored Vail Course for Clinical Trials Methodology for five years. At the ASTRO Annual Meetings I have served as Vice-chair of the Research Evaluation Committee, Scientific Program Chair and Associate Chair of the Annual Meeting and Program Committee.


text:
Q: Cross Products Problem If $A_1 \times B_1 \cup A_2 \times B_2 =  A \times B $ then show that $ A = A_1 \cup A_2$ and $B = B_1\cup B_2$

A: It's necessary to assume that the sets $A_1,A_2,B_1$, and $B_2$ are all non-empty. Otherwise we might have, for instance. $A=B=A_1=B_1=\{0\}$, $A_2=\{1\}$, and $B_2=\varnothing$; then $$A\times B=\{\langle 0,0\rangle\}=(A_1\times B_1)\cup\varnothing=(A_1\times B_1)\cup(A_2\times B_2)\;,$$ but $A=\{0\}\ne\{0,1\}=A_1\cup A_2$. This of course implies that $$A\times B=(A_1\times B_1)\cup(A_2\times B_2)\ne\varnothing$$ and hence that $A\ne\varnothing\ne B$.
Fix some $b\in B$. Then
$$\begin{align*}
a\in A\quad &\text{iff}\quad \langle a,b\rangle\in A\times B\\
&\text{iff}\quad\langle a,b\rangle\in(A_1\times B_1)\cup(A_2\times B_2)\;,
\end{align*}$$
which implies that $a\in A_1$ or $a\in A_2$, i.e., that $a\in A_1\cup A_2$. Thus, $A\subseteq A_1\cup A_2$. Conversely, if $a\in A_1\cup A_2$, then $a\in A_1$ or $a\in A_2$; suppose without loss of generality that $a\in A_1$. Choose any $b\in B_1$; then $\langle a,b\rangle\in A_1\times B_1\subseteq A\times B$, so $a\in A$. Thus, $A_1\cup A_2\subseteq A$, and w conclude that $A=A_1\cup B_1$. The proof that $B=B_1\cup B_2$ is entirely similar.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Prakash Chand is a faculty of Political Science at Dyal Singh (E) College, University of Delhi, India. He was awarded a Doctoral Fellowship by ICSSR and a Postdoctoral Research Award by University Grants Commission (UGC). Dr Chand has rich teaching experience of over 14 years and his research papers have appeared in various journals including Indian Social Science Review, Gandhi Marg, Indian Journal of Public Administration, and Urban India and Social Change. His areas of interest and research include public administration and environmental governance in India. He has co-authored a book titled Public Administration in a Globalizing World (with Bidyut Chakrabarty, 2012), published by SAGE.


text:
Timelines Updated Away Missions & More
The Disruptor Beam Team
April 7, 2016 12:00 AM PDT
Can't get enough of Star Trek Timelines, the only mobile game where you can command your dream team of Star Trek characters? Or, has it been awhile since you last played? Well, there have been several new updates to the game, including improvements to Away Missions and the kick-off of Events. All of these updates are revealed first on the Disruptor Stream every Friday, but if you missed out, here's a recap of some of our recently added content.
Away Mission Updates
Get a look at Away Mission user interface updates in our most recent Disruptor Stream. Away Missions allow you to send three crew handpicked for their skills on an exciting adventure in which you decide how they will solve problems. Improvements include more detailed information when building teams for an Away Mission, and the ability to quickly change difficulty while forming said team. Watch the video for even more details.
Events Reveal
While our first event recently concluded, the Star Trek Timelines team continues work on future in-game events. By successfully completing missions during an event, players earn Victory Points (VP) which count toward the next threshold reward and total leaderboard ranking. Watch this episode of the Disruptor Stream to get an idea of what playing an event involves, including threshold rewards, ranked rewards and event-limited story content.
Future Disruptor Streams: First Looks, Q&As and Giveaways
There's more to come as the team is always working on new improvements and updates. Tune-in on Fridays at 2:30pm EDT /18:30 UTC to get exclusive first looks, giveaways and weekly live community Q&A all about Timelines. Reach out to us on the official Star Trek Timelines forums, our Facebook page and via Twitter. You can also subscribe to Disruptor Beam's YouTube channel or follow us on Twitch to catch every Friday's live Disruptor Stream.
Disruptor Beam


text:
"Slim" PlayStation Vita Bundled with Borderlands 2
By Michael DiMauro on February 12, 2014
A new "slim" version of the PS Vita was unveiled at 2013's Tokyo Game Show, and is now available for pre-order on Amazon for $199 along with a downloadable copy of Borderlands 2 and an 8 GB memory card. Amazon has the release date set for May 31, but that date hasn't been confirmed by Sony.
The new Vita is the PCH-2000 model which is 20% thinner and 15% lighter than the current design and has been available in Japan since October 10. On the down side, the new model has a slightly inferior LCD screen compared to the original's gorgeous OLED screen. Read full impressions of the new "Slim" over at our friends Polygon.
The PS Vita version of Borderlands 2 will be able to share save files with the PS3 version of the game, and will have four-player co-op. Along with the core game, you will also be able to download six DLC packs including Captain Scarlett and Her Pirate's Booty, Mr. Torgue's Campaign of Carnage, the Psycho and Mechromancer character classes, Ultimate Vault Hunter Upgrade Pack 1 and the Collector's Edition Pack.
via Polygon
Charlie Murder and The Dishwasher: Vampire Smile come to Steam
PC gamers are in for a treat, as Ska Studios has released two of their classic Xbox 360 Arcade titles on Steam for Windows, Mac, and Linux. Both The Dishwasher: Vampire Smile and Charlie Murder are brutal brawlers with a punk rock aesthetic and ooze with Ska Studios' signature style. They are each priced at $9.99, and Steam is …
International Tabletop Day 2017 Charity Live Stream Schedule
International Tabletop Day 2017 is fast approaching and the live stream is taking shape. Don't forget to join us on Saturday April 29th from 10am (EST) on the GeeklyInc Twitch channel, as we raise money for the American Civil Liberties Union. The ACLU is a nonprofit organization that is fighting hard to protect everyone's rights and liberties. You can find …


text:
On Wednesday 27 September members, local dignitaries – including the Mayors of Dacorum, Berkhamsted and Tring - supporters and staff of Rennie Grove Hospice Care gathered for the very well attended Annual General Meeting at Chartridge Park Golf Club near Chesham.
In addition to the formal business of the afternoon, the meeting welcomed guest speaker Professor Karol Sikora, Rennie Grove patron and oncology specialist. Professor Sikora gave an insightful talk about the changing face of cancer covering how technology has transformed cancer care, delivery of optimal care, the challenges around funding costly cancer drugs and concluding with his thoughts on why the hospice movement has been so successful.
Our Chair of Trustees, Professor Stephen Spiro reflected on Rennie Grove's successes during the year. These included how the investment in mobile technology for nursing teams has freed up time that can now be spent on patient care; the very positive feedback that has been received from patients on the quality of care they have received from Rennie Grove Hospice Care and the charity achieving a small financial surplus for a fourth consecutive year.
He went on to talk about the challenges that reduced NHS funding and increasing referrals will mean for Rennie Grove, a theme that was picked up by Chief Executive, Jenny Provin. Jenny highlighted the importance of working with partner organisations to support every patient, their families and carers to live well until the very last moment.
Tricia Pickersgill, Director of Finance and Facilities then presented the Accounts and the formal business was concluded.
The meeting was also attended by charity's Joint Presidents, Moira Rennie MBE and Dr Mary Groves MBE who said they were delighted that what they had started so many years ago continues to make such a difference to so many lives.
A ceremony presenting the Queen's Award for Volunteer Services to the 1,500 Rennie Grove volunteers then took place.
Created in 2002 to celebrate the anniversary of The Queen's coronation, The Queen's Award for Voluntary Service is the highest award given to local volunteer groups across the UK to recognise outstanding work done in their own communities. It is the MBE for volunteer groups.
A certificate signed by The Queen and a commemorative crystal were accepted by Professor Stephen Spiro on behalf of all the charity's volunteers. Stephen said, "I am delighted to accept this Award on behalf of Rennie Grove's 1,500 volunteers who, between them, provide 140,000 hours of volunteer support each year."
info@renniegrove.org
Take a leap of faith for local hospice care
Fancy stepping outside your comfort zone for Rennie Grove?


text:
Q: Нужно вычислить сумму из одного столбца и второго столбца и получить сумму Привет всем вот следующая информация
                   в соммы
 summa        summa_som       ntype_operation    course_valname       datecourse
 ----------     ------------      ---------------   ---------    -----------
    100               6900              BUY              USD         15/03/2017
    100               6990              SELL             USD         15/03/2017
    100               7400              BUY              EUR         15/03/2017
    100               7520              SELL             EUR         15/03/2017

Я хочу вычислить прибыль если человек купил у меня 100 долларов по курсу 69 а курс 68 то я получу прибыль 100. Беря значение покупок и продаж из другой таблицы
Table t_course
course_valname   datecourse buy  sell
-------------    ---------- ---- ----
USD              15/03/2017 69   69.9
EUR              15/03/2017 74   75.2

Запустил этот код получил следующий результат.
 select summa_som,
       max(case when ntype_operation = 'BUY' then summa_som
                when  ntype_operation = 'SELL' then summa_som - summa * get_rate2
(date_operation,course_valname,upper(substr(ntype_operation,1,1)))
                else 0
           end) as income,
       course_valname,NTYPE_OPERATION
from t_operation
WHERE DATECOURSE = TO_DATE('3/15/2017','MM/DD/YYYY')
and summa = 100
group by summa_som, course_valname,NTYPE_OPERATION;

summa_som income course_valname ntype_operation
------------------------------------------------
7392       7392       EUR          BUY
7594         0        EUR          SELL

Там где ноль должен быть результат сложение 7594 - 7392 =  202 в income
а где buy 7392 income по идее должно быть ноль и вовсе не отображать то что это покупка по идее мой обменник получает прибыль с того что продает по дороже. Мне вот нужно вывести разницу.


In order to improve our site, we remember and store information on how you use it. This is done using simple text files called cookies which sit on your computer. These cookies are completely safe and secure and will never contain any sensitive information about you or who you are.
All United Kingdom orders are delivered free of charge. A small delivery charge of £3.50 per item is applied to orders containing sales items.
We operate a next working day Monday to Friday delivery policy, and aim to dispatch all orders placed before 11am the same day.
We also ship internationally all over the World.
To check delivery costs to your country add your chosen items to your shopping basket, click on the drop down menu in the shopping basket, and select your country. Our system will calculate the delivery cost for you before you confirm your purchase. You can also use our handy delivery cost calculator on our international shipping page.
All orders are sent using "DPD", Partners to "Interlink".
Please note that if your are based outside the EU you may be required to pay import duties, however we do not charge VAT on orders outside the EU.
Further information is available on our delivery information page.
This style and colour in your size will be back in stock soon! Please fill in your details below and we will let you know when it is back in stock.


text:
Insurance Today and Tomorrow: A Deep Dive Into RPA, AI and Blockchain
Earnings Management Persists; Sarbox Has No Impact On P/C Reserving
Complexion of Insurance Company Boards Changing
CFO Attacks Industry Reserve-Cheating Theory
Prior-Year Reserve Takedown To Continue Until 2015: A.M. Best
Federal Court's Damages Cap Ruling Not Binding on Mississippi's State Courts
March 25, 2013 by Clay Chandler
A Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals' decision that Mississippi's $1 million cap on non-economic damages arising from civil litigation does not violate the state constitution's separation of powers clause does not necessarily mean state courts have to abide by the ruling.
The cap was considered the centerpiece of tort reform, with supporters saying it would guarantee businesses' liability insurance premiums would remain reasonably priced and would also ensure predictability in jury awards.
Specifically, the Mississippi Supreme Court, if and when the cap is before it again, could rule differently than the Fifth Circuit.
"The Mississippi Supreme Court is not by anyway bound by the Fifth Circuit's opinion," said Matt Steffey, professor at Mississippi College School of Law in Jackson. "They may or may not find it persuasive."
Steffey said the part of the Fifth Circuit's opinion that referred to the disposition as an "eerie guess" means the court is supposing what state law will be.
"It's certainly not settling the matter," he said.
The issue will likely reach the Mississippi Supreme Court in a way that it will be obligated to answer it, Steffey said, referring to the state court's decision to pass on the issue last summer.
"By that I mean it will be presented in such a way that it will be straight-forward constitutionally.
"Even if the Mississippi Supreme Court is persuaded by the Fifth Circuit's reasoning on the central issue of this appeal, and that is the inviolate right to the jury guarantee, that's the central holding of the Fifth Circuit's opinion, and maybe the Mississippi Supreme Court finds that persuasive and adopts it," he said.
A more likely scenario, Steffey said, is the state court taking a fresh look at the separation of powers argument, which was the central issue addressed by the Fifth Circuit, and deciding for themselves if the cap is in line with the state constitution.
"The Mississippi Supreme Court is often particularly attentive to issues that deal with its role in its branch of government," Steffey said.
The court could consider issues the Fifth Circuit did not, he said.
"The Fifth Circuit did not address at all arguments based on due process or the Remedy Clause, and I suspect the Mississippi Supreme Court will engage those."
The state court could rule in a number of ways, Steffey said.
Justices could strike down the cap all together, they could rule that the Legislature could set any cap it deems fit, or it could decide that lawmakers could set a cap the court deems reasonable. At that point, the issue would be back before the Legislature to formulate a new cap.
"But that option is the one that sounds the least like a rule of law," Steffey said.
The case for those arguing for the cap before the state court will be bolstered by the Fifth Circuit's ruling, Steffey said, calling it a "good arrow to have in the quiver." But it still provides no guarantees.
"Again, this isn't binding, although it might be persuasive, because there are certainly unsettled issues. It is slightly more settled than it was before, but it is far from settled completely."
The $1 million cap on non-economic damages applies to what a jury can award someone for such things as pain and suffering. The limits on damages were adopted by Mississippi lawmakers after years of contentious wrangling over tort changes.
Non-economic damages under Mississippi law do not include punitive damages.
There is no cap on damages for economic losses, such as how much the person could have expected to earn in his or her lifetime or for such things as continuing medical expenses.
The initial limits on lawsuit awards came in 2002. The law was amended in 2004 amid complaints that the initial changes didn't go far enough.
The Fifth Circuit's ruling came in February in response to the Mississippi Supreme Court's decision not to rule on the matter last summer. The state court said then that to do so would be to engage in speculation.
The argument originated in federal court in Aberdeen. Plaintiff Lisa Learmonth sued Sears and Roebuck Co. in 2006 after she was involved in a collision with one of the company's vans near Philadelphia, Miss.
A federal jury in Mississippi in 2008 found Sears was liable for Learmonth's injuries and awarded $4 million in damages but jurors did not itemize how much of the award was for noneconomic damages.
Learmonth and Sears agreed $2.2 million of the verdict was for noneconomic damages. A federal judge reduced that part of the damages to $1 million, in line with Mississippi law.
Learmonth's attorneys, as part of a cross appeal, asked the Fifth Circuit to render the cap unconstitutional, arguing that that the law passed by the Legislature improperly infringed on a jury's right to decide how much should be awarded to whom.
The appeals court rejected that argument, but in doing so, might have left the cap vulnerable to another kind of constitutional challenge.
Toward the end of the 25-page opinion, Judge Carolyn Dineen King writes that Learmonth's attorneys "overlooked the possibility that, at least under some circumstances, the Mississippi Constitution's Due Process Clause or Remedy Clause might impose substantive constraints on the Legislature's authority to cap compensatory damages."
Due process prevents the taking of life, liberty or property without due process of law. The Remedy Clause contains two guarantees: that courts be open and that those injured have a remedy by due course of the law.
For a party to argue an issue on appeal, it has to be "preserved" in a lower court, meaning it must part of the arguments presented there. Neither due process nor the remedy clause was part of the issues Learmonth's attorneys raised to the Fifth Circuit.
Steffey said arguments based on due process are typically a "last line of defense."
"When you do not have a more specific constitutional provision to rely on, you rely on the vague and majestic language of due process."
The Learmonth case could be an exception, Steffey said, because the plaintiff was deprived of a jury award because of the cap
"The interesting part of the due process argument is what if the Legislature reduced the non-economic damages to a dollar and left people without a substantial remedy? Then due process and remedy clause arguments become very attractive," he said.
Steffey said it's likely the due process arguments will eventually be made in front of the Mississippi Supreme Court.
Claims / LegalGovernmentLitigation/Liability TrendsRegulation & ComplianceU.S.
Ford Ordered to Recall 3 Million Vehicles Over Takata Air Bag Issues


text:
Elliot Page, 'Matrix' Director Lilly Wachowski Back ACLU Lawsuit Protecting Sex Change Operations for Transgender Children
An ACLU lawsuit attempting to block an Arkansas law concerning transgender children has picked up support from prominent Hollywood celebrities, including Elliot Page — the star formerly known as Ellen Page — as well as filmmaker Lilly Wachowski and reality TV star Jazz Jennings.
David Ng
22 Jan 2022, 4:05 PM PST
Gwyneth Paltrow Launches 'Hands Off My Vagina' Abortion Rights Candle in Partnership with ACLU
Gwyneth Paltrow's health and wellness company Goop is launching the "Hands Off My Vagina" abortion rights candle in partnership with the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), with some proceeds going to the left-wing organization.
Alana Mastrangelo
22 Jan 2022, 12:45 PM PST
Desperation: Corporate Media Demand Clarence Thomas Recuse from Any 'Polarizing' Cases Because of His Marriage
Members of the corporate media appear to be setting up a new battle within the Supreme Court, perhaps in anticipation of forthcoming conservative victories, contending that Justice Clarence Thomas, who has served 30 years on the high court, should recuse himself from overtly partisan cases due to his wife's political activism in favor of conservative causes.
Hannah Bleau
DHS's Alejandro Mayorkas Met with Migrants Suing Americans for $450,000 Payouts
President Joe Biden's border chief said he would support the illegal migrants who are suing the government for family payouts of $900,000 after they were separated from their children as they were prosecuted for illegal entry, according to a statement posted by the migrants' lawyers.
AP Report: ACLU's Demand for $450,000 Payouts to Migrants Entices More Crime
Criminals in Central America want a share of the $450,000 payouts demanded by the ACLU for the illegal migrants who left their children behind in the United States, according to an Associated Press report.
Kristi Noem Advances Bill Requiring Trans Athletes to Compete According to Their Birth Gender
SD Gov. Kristi Noem advanced a bill to codify executive orders limiting transgender athletes to competing only in categories of birth gender.
Warner Todd Huston
17 Dec 2021, 3:13 PM PST
FDA Lifts In-Person Restrictions on Abortion Pill
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) eased restrictions Thursday on at-home drug-induced abortions by allowing women and girls to end their pregnancies via mail-order pills without having to see an abortion provider in person.
Dr. Susan Berry
MSNBC Hosts 'Real History' of Thanksgiving: 'Mythology of White America' Marking Settlers' 'Genocide and Violence'
Author and attorney Gyasi Ross savagely attacked Thanksgiving, demanding white Americans "return the land" taken and claiming they developed myths to feel good about themselves when in reality they brought "genocide and violence" to natives.
Joshua Klein
24 Nov 2021, 3:51 PM PST
Joe Biden's Plan for $450K Payouts to Border Crossers Stalls Amidst Backlash
A plan circulated by President Joe Biden's administration to provide border crossers subjected to former President Trump's "Zero Tolerance" policy with $450,000 payouts has seemingly stalled amidst backlash.
ACLU Speaks Out — Finally — Against FBI Raid on James O'Keefe
The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) spoke out Sunday against an FBI raid on the home of Project Veritas founder James O'Keefe more than a week before, calling it a threat to press freedom and the First Amendment to the Constitution.
Joel B. Pollak
15 Nov 2021, 5:32 AM PST
Joe Biden: Border Crossers Separated by Trump 'Deserve' Compensation Payouts
Joe Biden reversed his earlier comment that stories about the payments were "garbage" and "not true" and expressed outrage about Trump's policy.
Charlie Spiering
6 Nov 2021, 8:34 AM PST
White House: Actually, Joe Biden 'Perfectly Comfortable' with Payouts for Illegal Immigrants
Joe Biden previously called reports that the Department of Justice was considering payouts to individual illegal immigrants who were separated during former President Donald Trump's "Zero Tolerance" immigration enforcement policy "garbage" and "not true."
4 Nov 2021, 2:35 PM PST
ACLU Rips Into Biden for Denying Border Crossers Will Be Paid $450,000 Each
The left-wing American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) is going after President Joe Biden after he claimed this week that a plan to give reparations-style $450,000 payouts to border crossers is "not going to happen."
EXCLUSIVE — Rep. Greg Murphy Slams 'Absurd, Unconscionable' Biden Border Crosser 'Prize Fund': a 'Slap in the Face' to Americans
Reports the Biden administration is considering providing illegal border crossers, who were subjected to former President Donald Trump's "zero tolerance" policy, some half a million dollars each in a reparations-style payout were blasted Friday by Rep. Greg Murphy (R-NC).
ACLU 'Voting Rights' Lawyer Among Joe Biden's Judicial Nominees
President Joe Biden announced an eighth round of judicial nominees on Thursday, including Dale Ho, the ACLU's top "voting rights" lawyer.
2 Oct 2021, 9:05 AM PST
Appeals Court Preserves CDC Title 42 Migrant Expulsion Protocol
The United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia granted the Biden administration a stay against a lower court's injunction requiring the federal government to stop using the Title 42 COVID protection protocol. The Title 42 coronavirus protection protocol allows officials to expel migrant family units from the country. The D.C. Court of Appeals issued the stay hours before the Border Patrol was set to begin releasing all migrant family unit migrants with a child into the United States.
30 Sep 2021, 8:44 PM PST
ACLU Shares Ruth Bader Ginsburg Quote, Censors All References to 'Women' and Female Pronouns
The ACLU on Saturday rewrote a quote from the late Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg regarding abortion by removing feminine pronouns.
Robert Kraychik
23 Sep 2021, 10:31 AM PST
ACLU: Vaccine Mandates 'Actually Further Civil Liberties'
Mandates for Chinese coronavirus vaccines "actually further civil liberties," the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) asserted Thursday, deeming vaccines a "justifiable intrusion on autonomy and bodily integrity."
2 Sep 2021, 11:01 AM PST
Migration Lobby Progressives React to SCOTUS Decision: 'Horrible,' 'Catastrophe,' 'Atrocity'
Pro-migration progressives are furiously denouncing the U.S. Supreme Court's 6:3 endorsement of a court order directing President Joe Biden to restore President Donald Trump's successful Migrant Protection Protocol [MPP] program.
25 Aug 2021, 3:43 AM PST
ACLU: Biden Is 'Failing at the Fundamentally Important Task of Humanitarian Protection' in Afghanistan
The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) on Monday criticized President Biden's handling of the Taliban's takeover of the Afghan government, stating that the administration has failed to act with urgency and sufficiently address the humanitarian crisis both in Afghanistan and at the U.S. border.
16 Aug 2021, 2:16 PM PST
Biden Admin Holds Migrants in 'Inhumane Outdoor Pen,' Says ACLU
The Biden Administration is holding what appears to be thousands of migrants in what the ACLU calls an "inhumane outdoor pen." Rio Grande Valley Sector Border Patrol officials are being forced to store recently apprehended migrants under the Anzalduas International Bridge near Mission, Texas, because of overcrowding in processing centers.
Bob Price
9 Aug 2021, 6:25 PM PST
NGOs Sue Texas to Continue Bussing, Flying Border Crossers into U.S.
A group of non-governmental organizations (NGOs), represented by the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), have filed a lawsuit against Texas Gov. Greg Abbott in an attempt to continue bussing and flying border crossers into the United States interior.
Judge Sides with Johnny Depp, ACLU Must Show if Amber Heard Donated Divorce Settlement Money
Actor Johnny Depp scored a victory this week in his ongoing post-divorce legal drama after a judge determined that ACLU must reveal if Amber Heard donated $7 million to the civil rights group — an action she pledged to take.
31 Jul 2021, 1:28 PM PST
ACLU Excoriated for Claiming Racism 'Foundational' to Second Amendment — 'Embarrassment to Your Own History'
The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) faced an online backlash Sunday after publicizing claims racism is "foundational" to the Second Amendment and its inclusion in the Bill of Rights. Critics accused the civil rights group of spreading misinformation and abandoning its own founding principles.
26 Jul 2021, 3:59 AM PST
DHS: Returning Deported Migrants Need Federal Aid for Housing
Many of the deported migrants who now getting special invites to re-enter the U.S. are too poor to afford housing or healthcare, according to the Department of Homeland Security (DHS).
States Defend Arkansas Ban on Experimental Transgender Treatments for Children
A coalition of 17 state attorneys general is defending an Arkansas law that protects children from life-altering transgender procedures.
Iowa Supreme Court Allows State to Block Planned Parenthood Sex Ed Funds
The Iowa Supreme Court ruled the state may bar Planned Parenthood from providing sex education programs funded by federal grants.
3 Jul 2021, 6:54 PM PST
ACLU Sues Biden's DHS on Behalf of Illegal Aliens Seeking Release into U.S.
The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) has filed its first lawsuit against President Joe Biden's administration, representing illegal aliens who are seeking release from Department of Homeland Security (DHS) custody.
30 Jun 2021, 2:01 PM PST
Democrats Block Motion to Quickly Deport Illegal Aliens
House Democrats blocked a motion Tuesday that would keep a federal government policy to quickly deport illegal aliens.
Sean Moran
DOJ Claims Trans Laws in West Virginia, Arkansas Are Unconstitutional
The U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) announced on Thursday that they plan to challenge laws in West Virginia and Arkansas that prohibit trans athletes from competing in girls' and women's sports.
Dylan Gwinn
Supreme Court Declines to Hear Case on Military Draft for Women
The Supreme Court on Monday announced it had denied hearing a case, National Coalition For Men v. Selective Service System.
Kristina Wong
7 Jun 2021, 4:27 PM PST
Court Dismisses Planned Parenthood's Lawsuit Against Lubbock, Texas
A judge dismissed Planned Parenthood's lawsuit against the city of Lubbock, Texas, where citizens voted to ban abortion within the city's limits.
Abortions Stop at Lubbock, Texas Planned Parenthood as 'Sanctuary City' Ordinance Takes Effect
Planned Parenthood said it will stop abortions in its Lubbock clinic as a "Sanctuary City for the Unborn" ordinance takes effect.
GOP Senators Set Deadline for Policing Legislation: Done by Early Summer or Move On
Republicans in the Senate are now saying that legislation focused on policing should be addressed before the summer break or dropped.
Penny Starr
27 May 2021, 11:15 AM PST
Sanctuary City for Unborn Initiative Spreads: Lebanon, Ohio 29th City to Outlaw Abortion
Lebanon, Ohio, voted to become a Sanctuary City for the Unborn, the 29th city in the nation and the first in Ohio to outlaw abortion.
26 May 2021, 1:33 PM PST
DHS Consultants, ACLU, United Nations Beg Joe Biden to Open U.S.-Mexico Border
Consultants for the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) are begging President Joe Biden to end border controls at the United States-Mexico border, joining the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and the United Nations.
Planned Parenthood, ACLU File Lawsuit to Block Lubbock, Texas Ordinance Outlawing Abortion
Planned Parenthood filed a lawsuit against the city of Lubbock after its citizens voted to become a "sanctuary city for the unborn."
Tennessee Governor Signs Law to Make Bathrooms, Locker Rooms Separate by Biological Sex
GOP Tennesse Gov. Bill Lee signed a bill into law Friday separating private spaces such as bathrooms and locker rooms according to biological sex.
Sen. Steve Daines: 'Long Past Time' for Supreme Court to Reconsider Roe v. Wade
Pro-life leaders expressed relief the Supreme Court has finally agreed to hear a significant challenge to its 1973 decision in Roe v. Wade.
Reports: ACLU Seeks EZPass Through Border for Selected Migrants
The ACLU is advocating for President Biden to grant U.S. entry to some of the "most vulnerable" migrant families.
Edwin Mora
7 May 2021, 7:12 AM PST


text:
//
//  VolcanicHotspot.hpp
//  WorldGenerator
//
//

#ifndef VolcanicHotspot_hpp
#define VolcanicHotspot_hpp

#include <unordered_map>

#include "math.hpp"

namespace WorldBuilder {
    class PlateCell;
    class Plate;

class VolcanicHotspot {
public:
    wb_float weight;
    wb_float normWeight;
    Vec3 worldLocation;
    std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t> closestPlateCellIndex;

    std::weak_ptr<PlateCell> lastCell;
    std::weak_ptr<Plate> lastPlate;

    VolcanicHotspot() : weight(0), normWeight(0){};

};

}
#endif /* VolcanicHotspot_hpp */