1. What does the Clerk of Courts do?
2. Is the Clerk of Courts open 24 hours a day?
3. What is the difference between a Civil case and a Criminal Case?
4. Where is the Hamilton County Courthouse located?
5. Where is the Hamilton County Justice Center located?
6. Where is the Domestic Relations Court located?
7. Where is the Juvenile Court located?
8. Where is the Court of Appeals located?
9. When is my court date?
10. Where do I go to view case information and records?
11. How do I view documents?
12. What does my case number mean?
13. What is the structure of the Ohio Judicial System?
14. How can I pay for a lawsuit?
15. How do I file an answer to a lawsuit?
16. How much time do I have to file an answer to a lawsuit?
17. Has my document been filed?
18. How do I get a copy of my Birth Certificate?
19. How do I get a copy of a Death Certificate?
20. Where do I get a Marriage License?
21. Where do I check on my child support?
22. How do I file a document after 4:00 PM?
23. How can I obtain information and/or paperwork on Bankruptcy?
24. Where are Naturalization records housed?
25. How much are filing fees?
26. Who do I contact to become a Notary?
27. How do I contact the Assignment Commissioner's Office?
28. Who do I contact regarding Property Taxes or Business License Information?
29. How do I get a copy of my Deed?
The responsibilities of the Clerk are varied. They include maintaining the records of the Court of Common Pleas and various other courts that have appellate jurisdiction at the county level. By statute, the Clerk is required to maintain a record of certain civil and criminal cases. Its personnel have responsibilities in the Municipal Courts, both criminal and civil. Their duties include arrest, transportation of prisoners, subpoenas, evictions and courtroom security. An average year finds the bailiffs in the Municipal Court making over 8,000 arrests, serving over 15,000 subpoenas and transporting some 20,000 prisoners to court.
The Traffic Division processes over 50,000 traffic tickets yearly and 40,000 arrest warrants. These generate over $13,000,000 each year, which Hamilton County shares with the City of Cincinnati and the State of Ohio. The Civil Division handles over 35,000 civil suits yearly and handles over 12,000 evictions.
The Auto Title Division has been issuing Certificates of Title since 1938. Hamilton County is third largest in the state in title volume for cars, trucks, motorcycles, trailers, mobile homes, and boats. Well over 420,000 titles are issued each year, generating revenue of over $70,000,000. Most of this money goes to the State of Ohio.
Over $130 Million per year is paid through the Clerk of Courts' Office, mostly through the processing of Auto Titles. The Clerk's office employs a staff of over 320 people who are dedicated to providing outstanding service to citizens and visitors of Hamilton County. If the Clerk's office were a private business, it would be the 32nd largest business in the Cincinnati area according to the 2003 list of the area's 100 largest corporations in the Cincinnati Enquirer.
To learn more about the Clerk of Courts, click here.
The Municipal Criminal Division is open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year. The main hours of operation are 8:00 AM to 4:00 PM, Monday through Friday. We are available after hours and weekends for posting of bonds and processing warrants. Because other departments and agencies are not open during these hours, not all services are available. You may call (513) 946-6010 anytime to find out if your service is available.
A civil case is a court case where one party sues another party, usually for money (damages). A typical civil case involves a lawsuit over an auto accident where someone claims injury because of a driver's negligence. Other civil suits include forfeitures, seizures, evictions, divorces, and small claims actions.
A criminal case is a court case where a person is alleged to have committed a criminal violation. In this type of case, the government acts as the Plaintiff and the alleged criminal is the Defendant. If the Defendant is found guilty, he faces criminal sanctions including fines, probation, and incarceration. The typical criminal case is DUI, Robbery, or Murder.
The Hamilton County Courthouse is located in downtown Cincinnati, Ohio. The Courthouse is at 1000 Main St. For directions and a picture of the Courthouse, click here.
The Hamilton County Justice Center is behind the main Courthouse and is located at 1000 Sycamore Street, Cincinnati, Ohio 45202. For directions, click here.
The Domestic Relations Court is located about 3 blocks from the Courthouse at 800 Broadway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45202. For directions, click here.
The Juvenile Court is located about 3 blocks from the Courthouse at 800 Broadway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45202. For directions, click here.
The Court of Appeals is located about 1 block from the Courthouse at 230 E. 9th Street, Cincinnati, Ohio 45202. For directions, click here.
You can search our Schedule by Case Number if you have the case number of your case. If you have the name of a party, you can use our name search and get the case number. Otherwise, you can call. For a felony case call the Common Pleas Assignment Commissioner at (513) 946-5930. For all other cases call the Municipal Court Assignment Commissioner at (513) 946-5190.
If you have a case number, click here.
If you have the name of a party, click here.
If you have the name of the attorney, click here.
If you have the name of the judge, click here.
You must have the appropriate software on your system to view documents that are available on our Web Site. Most computers contain this commonly used software. Document images are available in Adobe PDF format. For a free copy of the Adobe Acrobat reader, click here.
Currently, documents cannot be viewed online without a clerk assigned user ID.
Any case filed in the court system in Hamilton County is assigned a case number. The number can be used to more easily track your case.
Click here to view the structure of the Ohio judicial system.
You can pay by cash, check, or credit card (Master Card, Discover, or American Express).
You file your answer to a lawsuit with the Clerk of Courts.
You have 28 days to file your answer from the time you were served.
You can check the history and docket information of your case on this website if you have the name of a party or a case number.
If your case is a small claims case, an eviction, or a civil case less than $15,000, you can call the Municipal Civil Division of the Clerk's office at (513) 946-5700.
If your case is a civil case for more than $15,000, you can call the Common Pleas Civil Division of the Clerk's office at (513) 946-5635.
The Clerk of Courts office does not handle Birth Certificates.
The Clerk of Courts office does not handle Death Certificates. The Bureau of Vital Statistics can help, call (513) 352-3120.
The Clerk of Courts office does not issue Marriage Licenses. In Ohio, the Probate Court has that responsibility.
Call the Child Support Enforcement Agency at (513) 946-7387.
The Clerk of Court's office is available to receive filings 24 hours per day, 7 days per week at the Hamilton County Justice Center, 1000 Sycamore St., Cincinnati, OH 45202, (513) 946-6029.
We also accept certain electronic filings (which can be submitted by facsimile or the internet). For more information on electronic filing of documents, click here.
All questions regarding Bankruptcy should be directed to the United States Trustee's office at (513) 684-2572.
The Hamilton County Clerk of Courts does not handle these records. These records are located at the Carl Blegen Library at the University of Cincinnati. The phone number is (513) 556-1959.
The Cincinnati Bar Association processes applications for those wishing to become a Notary Public. They can be reached at (513) 381-8213 or on their website at www.cincybar.org.
The Hamilton County Auditor's Office can help with this type of information. Try their website or call them at (513) 946-4000.
The Hamilton County Recorder's Office is the recorder of deeds. Try their website or call them at (513) 946-4600.


Fittonia is difficult to grow and requires a medium light intensity. Keep the soil evenly moist and the temperatures above 55 degrees. Nerve plant requires high humidity. Small plants grown in terrariums may give the best results.
Propagation is by stem tip cuttings taken in spring.


FILE PHOTO: Houses are seen partially submerged in flood waters caused by Tropical Storm Harvey in Northwest Houston, Texas, U.S. on August 30, 2017.
HOUSTON - Addressing a real estate conference in flood-ravaged Houston this month, longtime investor Ray Sasser detailed his strategy: buy up to 50 flooded homes at deep discounts, then fix and flip them for a hefty profit.
Addressing a real estate conference in flood-ravaged Houston this month, longtime investor Ray Sasser detailed his strategy: buy up to 50 flooded homes at deep discounts, then fix and flip them for a hefty profit.


text:
layout: es-ES/default
title: Contribuyendo a Rust · El Lenguaje de Programación Rust
---

# Contribuyendo a Rust

Has empezado a aprender Rust. Te encanta, y te gustaría ser parte del
movimiento. Si no estás seguro como involucrarte, entonces esta pagina te
ayudará.

**Encontraste un error y quieres reportarlo?** [Sigue la guia de reporte de
errores][bugs]. Gracias de antemano!

Rust es expansivo sistema de proyectos, los más prominentes los mantienen lo
[Desarrolladores del proyecto Rust][devs] en la [Organización rust-lang en
GitHub][rust-lang]. Los recién llegados pueden estar interesados en el fichero
[CONTRIBUTING.md], que explica las mecánicas a seguir para contribuir a
[rust-lang/rust].

Hay varias formas de contribuir al éxito de Rust.
Esta guia se enfoca en algunas pocas para los nuevos contribuidores:

* [Encontrando, reportando y arreglando errores](contribute-bugs.html). El
    trabajo básico para mantener un proyecto grande y activo como Rust.
* [Documentación](contribute-docs.html). No solo documentación oficial, sino
    también documentación para crates, artículos de blog y otras fuentes no
    oficiales.
* [Construcción de Comunidad](contribute-community.html). Ayudar a tus
    compañeros rutáceos, y expandir el alcance de Rust.
* [Herramientas, IDEs e infraestructura](contribute-tools.html). Las piezas
    importantes que hacen que usar un lenguaje sea práctico y sin dolor.
* [Librerías](contribute-libs.html). La idoneidad de Rust para cualquier tarea
    en particular depende en gran medida de la disponibilidad de librerías de
    calidad.
* [Lenguaje, compilador y la librería estándar](contribute-compiler.html).
    Diseño del lenguaje, implementación de características, mejoras de
    rendimiento.
* [Internacionalización](contribute-translations.html). Ayuda a divulgar el amor
    de Rust, traduciendo nuestro sitio a todos los idiomas.

Si necesitas guia adicional, pregunta en [#rust-internals] o
[internals.rust-lang.org].

Nos enorgullecemos de mantener charlas civilizadas, y para ello esperamos que
los contribuidores sigan nuestro [Código de Conducta][coc]. Si tienes preguntas
sobre este lugar, puedes preguntar al [equipo de comunidad].

<!--
TODO: Write a guide to rust processes and governance to link from here
TODO: List of active initiatives
TODO: Write guide to advertising Rust projects to link from
libs / community building
-->

[#rust-internals]: https://client00.chat.mibbit.com/?server=irc.mozilla.org&channel=%23rust-internals
[CONTRIBUTING.md]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md
[bugs]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#bug-reports
[coc]: https://www.rust-lang.org/conduct.html
[community team]: https://www.rust-lang.org/team.html#Community
[dev_proc]: community.html#rust-development
[devs]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/graphs/contributors
[internals.rust-lang.org]: https://internals.rust-lang.org/
[rust-lang/rust]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust
[rust-lang]: https://github.com/rust-lang

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Is an intermediate list necessary in a multi-level list comprehension Here is a specific example:
my_dict={k:int(encoded_value)
         for (k,encoded_value) in
             [encoded_key_value.split('=') for encoded_key_value in
              many_encoded_key_values.split(',')]}

The question is about the internal list [], can it be avoided, e.g.:
# This will not parse
my_dict={k:int(encoded_value)
         for (k,encoded_value) in
             encoded_key_value.split('=') for encoded_key_value in
             many_encoded_key_values.split(',')}

..., which is invalid syntax:
NameError: name 'encoded_key_value' is not defined
Sample data: aa=1,bb=2,cc=3,dd=4,ee=-5

A: As was mentioned, generator expression will enhance your approach avoiding creating inner list. But there is a shorter way to obtain the needed result, using re.findall() function:
result = {k:int(v) for k,v in re.findall(r'(\w+)=([^,]+)', many_encoded_key_values)}
print(result)

The output:
{'dd': 4, 'aa': 1, 'bb': 2, 'ee': -5, 'cc': 3}

The alternative approach would be using re.finditer() function which returns 'callable_iterator' instance:
result = {m.group(1):int(m.group(2)) for m in re.finditer(r'(\w+)=([^,]+)', many_encoded_key_values)}

A: you could avoid creating an intermediate list by using an intermediate generator expression:
my_dict={k:int(encoded_value)
         for (k,encoded_value) in
             (encoded_key_value.split('=') for encoded_key_value in
              many_encoded_key_values.split(','))}

syntax-wise this is almost the same; instead of generating an intermediate list first and then using the elements, the elements are consumed on the fly.

making this overly verbose you could use a 'data pipeline' that consist of generators:
eq_statements = (item.strip() for item in many_encoded_key_values.split(','))
var_i = (var_i.split('=') for var_i in eq_statements)
my_dict = {var: int(i) for var, i in var_i}
print(my_dict)

(unfortunately .split does not return a generator so considering saving space this is not of much use... for handling large files things like this may come in handy.)
found this answer which has split as an iterator. just in case...

A: FWIW, here's a functional approach:
def convert(s):
    k, v = s.split('=')
    return k, int(v)

d = dict(map(convert, data.split(',')))
print(d)

output
{'aa': '1', 'bb': '2', 'cc': '3', 'dd': '4', 'ee': '-5'}

A: a simple and compact variant that is very close to your original attempt:
d = {v.strip(): int(i) for s in data.split(',') for v, i in (s.split('='),)}

the only additional 'trick' was to wrap s.split('=') inside a tuple (surrounding it with parentheses: (s.split('='),)) in order to get both elements of split in the same for iteration. the rest is straightforward.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Dorothy Dail, 64 of Kevil passed away Sunday March 27, 2016 at 3:22 pm at the Ray and Kay Eckstein Hospice Care Center in Paducah, Ky. She was a devoted Baptist. Dorothy is survived by her husband, James Dail Sr., of Kevil KY. Three sons, Wade Wilcox of Kevil, KY, Phillip Wilcox of Scottsdale, AZ, Sam Wilcox of Paducah, KY. One Stepson James E. Dail Jr., of Tipton , GA. She is also survived by three brothers, Dudley Hamilton of Dexter, MO; Robert Hamilton of Kevil, KY and Mark Hamilton of Charleston, SC. Three sisters, Jerrie Edjing of Bandana, KY, Twila Barbee of Kevil, KY and Ramie Wilkerson of Knoxville, TN. Survived by six grandchildren and one great grandchild. Dorothy is preceded in death by her parents Charlie and Wilma Hamilton; and her first husband Millard Wilcox. Visitation will be held Tuesday, March 29, 2016, from 5-8 pm at Morrow Funeral Chapel of La Center, KY. Funeral Service will be held Wednesday, March 30, 2016, at 10:00 am with the Rev. Ryan Baker officiating. Burial will follow at New Hope Baptist Church Cemetery, La Center, KY.
KY., Juliana Edging of West Paducah, KY. and Alyssa Edging of West Paducah, KY. Two grandsons Wyatt Hunter Joiner and Chace Johnson; one grandaughter, and Aniyha Johnson. One brother Charlie Edging and his wife Samantha of Calvert City, Ky. one sister Regina Dean and her husband David of Paducah, Ky. Three nephews Tres, Jiovannie and Jasanni. Funeral Services were held Saturday, March 26, with the Rev. Ryan Baker and the Rev. Josiah Henry officiating. Interment followed at New Hope Baptist Church. Memorial Contributions may be sent to American Cancer Society 3140 Parisa Drive Paducah, KY. 42003. Morrow Funeral Chapel is handling arrangements.
Lois Evelyn Byas, age 74, died Tuesday, March 15, at 8:41 a.m. at Lourdes Hospital. Lois was a longtime member of Fairview Baptist Church, where she faithfully served on the Usher Board and as a church Mother. She is survived by her husband of 52 years Troy Byas of Barlow, Ky; Five daughters Marilyn Garrard (Bishop Robert) of Paducah, Carolyn Bledsoe (Samuel) of Barlow, Ky., Doris Fitzgerald (Johnny) of Paducah, Ky., Beverly Williams of Paducah, Ky. and Teresa (Douglas) McClure of Paducah, Ky. Nine grandchildren, Kim Bledsoe, Venita DeFreeze, Lamarr Garrard, Terrance Williams, Keiana Byas, Jaylon Byas, Ameer McClure, Mariah Fitzgerald and Johnathon Fitzgerald and 10 great grandchildren, Ashton DeFreeze, Jaden DeFreeze, Anaiah Gerrard, Ty Williams, Kearen Williams, Zanaiah Barkley, Javyn Purdiman, Ayanna Purdiman, Malachi Purdiman and Jayce Fitzgerald. One sister Hattie Griffin. A very special friend Chikita Reeves. Several Nieces, nephews, and cousins. Lois was preceded in death by two sons, Terry Byas and Timmy Byas, one sister Marie Waldon and four brothers Matthew Milburn, John William Milburn, Charles Milburn, and James Milburn. Her parents were Rufus and Opehlia Milburn. Funeral services were held Saturday, March 19, 2016 at Fairview Baptist Church, with the Rev. Rodney Hill officiating. Assisting with the service was Minister Grayling Baucom, Pastor Raynarldo Henderson, Bishop Robert Garrard, and Dr. Chris Cody. Interment followed at Oak Grove Cemetery in Kevil, Ky. Morrow Funeral Chapel handled the arrangements.
Baynard Hardwick Kendrick, Jr. (95) passed away on Sunday, March 13, 2016, in Waco, TX. Visitation and funeral were held in Kingsland, Texas and burial at Lakeland Hills Memorial Park. Baynard was born September 9, 1920, in Palatka, Fl. Following graduation from high school, he joined the United States Marine Corps where he served through the end of World War II. On June 23, 1942, he married Betty Jo Davenport with whom he remained faithfully married for 72 years. After returning from the war in the South Pacific, he was called into another service--as a Southern Baptist Minister. For 37 years, he served as pastor in eight different churches while also serving as an evangelist in over 100 churches. During his retirement years, he served as interim pastor in 9 churches, Sr. Adult Pastor at First Baptist Church, La Center, KY for 3 years and helped to start three new churches in Texas. One of his most cherished ministries during his final years was his Wal-Mart ministry where he handed out small crosses and a poem to those he encountered as he walked the aisles for the purpose of encouraging each one who received the gift he had to offer. He loved people, but he loved even more sharing the gospel of Jesus Christ and the promise of hope others could find in Him. The motto of the Marines "Semper Fidelis" describes him best--Always faithful: to his country, his wife, his family, his calling and most of all to his heavenly Father. This is the legacy he left to his children, grandchildren and great grandchildren and for that they will always be grateful. He was preceded in death by his wife Betty Jo; his parents B.H. and Edythe Kendrick, Sr., and two sisters. He is survived by 3 sons and their families: B.B. and Kathy Kendrick (La Center, KY), Dan and Kate Kendrick (Longmont, CO.), Bryan and Peggy Kendrick (San Antonio, TX), two daughters and their families: Carolyn and Mike Caplinger (Waco, TX) & Joyce and Jim Gray (Waco, TX), 13 grandchildren, 22 great-grandchildren. His grandsons served as pallbearers. His family request gifts to your church or charity in lieu of flowers.
Ronald H. Davis Sr., 69, of Cairo died at 9:11 a.m. Friday, March 25, 2016, at his home. He was the head of the table at the Nu Diner in Cairo. He is survived by his wife, Joan (Smith) Davis; four sons, Ronald H. "Bubba" Davis Jr. of Cairo, Ronald Wayne Davis of Kentucky, Michael Dunn of Mississippi, and Shawn Ice of Cairo; four daughters, Carol Carter and Ashley Showalter, both of Cairo, Melissa Lacey of Olive Branch, and Lisa Williams of Wickliffe, Kentucky; one stepson, Allen Richard of Massac County; two brothers, Edward Davis and Grancy Davis, both of Marion, Illinois; two sisters, Della Freeman of Wickliffe and Clarissa "Chris" Upshaw of Cairo; several grandchildren; great-grandchildren; and nieces and nephews. He was preceded in death by one sister, one brother and one granddaughter. His parents were David Davis and Vesta Florine (Edmonds) Davis. Services were held March 28, 2016, at the Mighty Rivers Worship Center in Cairo with Dr. Larry L. Potts officiating. Interment followed in Green Lawn Memorial Gardens, Villa Ridge. Jones Funeral Home Villa Ridge is in charge of arrangements.


text:
Western Governors University Review: Western Governors University Rankings, Admissions, Academics, Cost, and More
Raquel Santos
This article provides an in-depth Western Governors University review. We will be covering important aspects for prospective students to consider, including Western Governors University cost and financial aid details, college life, and faculty.
Other details provided in this piece include Western Governors University ranking information and notable alumni. If you're unsure about the quality of education you'd be receiving from this online school, we've also looked into national and regional Western Governors University accreditation factors.
All About Western Governors University
Western Governors University (WGU) is a non-profit and private online university. It was established in 1997 by 19 US governors as a way to meet education needs via the Internet, where many more people would be able to access a college education.
WGU uses a competency-based learning model, instead of the more traditional one that measures time spent in a classroom. There are currently over 150,000 students enrolled in this online school, across a wide variety of programs.
Where Is Western Governors University Located?
Western Governors University is an online school; therefore, it can operate anywhere in the world. However, there are nine regional hubs spread across the United States, plus three corporate offices. These places serve as the work bases of all faculty and staff available to help the online students.
Western Governors University's headquarters is located in Salt Lake City, Utah. Other facilities can be found in Indiana, Missouri, Nevada, North Carolina, Ohio, Tennessee, Texas, and Washington.
Is Western Governors University Accredited?
Yes, Western Governors University is accredited by the Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities (NWCCU). At one point, WGU was accredited by four regional accrediting commissions at the same time, in part because it was founded by 19 state governors, representing a wide US geographical region.
Attending a school that's fully accredited by a recognized accrediting body is fundamental to ensuring that you'll be getting a widely accepted education from a reputable school. It also guarantees that your college degree will be honored by employers and that your credit hours will be eligible for transfer to other accredited schools.
Is Western Governors University Legit?
Yes, Western Governors University is legit. Apart from Western Governors University's accreditation status, this school has collected some impressive awards. It has been designated, year after year, as a best value school designee, providing students a good return on investment (ROI).
It has also been recognized repeatedly for excellence in distance learning by the United States Distance Learning Association and awarded for outstanding performance by the Council for Higher Education Accreditation.
Western Governors University Student Reviews
Western Governors University reviews found on the Rate My Professors website give the school 3.3 stars out of 5 in overall quality. Positive reviews say that the online school is completely flexible and easily fits students' schedules. They also praise the flat-rate tuition and the possibility of going at their own pace.
Negative reviews describe not-so-positive interactions with some faculty members. Some students also recommend getting an associate degree before enrolling in this school, as a way to not have to take as many courses.
Western Governors University Better Business Bureau Reviews and Complaints
On the Better Business Bureau website, Western Governors University scores 1.54 out of 5 stars in customer reviews. These rankings should be taken with a grain of salt as they might not necessarily be a reflection of the majority of students' experiences.
Positive reviews mention good interactions with coordinators, mentors, and other faculty and their accessibility. A student also mentioned the fact that they were able to get a higher-paying position after completing their program at WGU.
Negative reviews and student complaints include the inability to complete more courses per semester, the fact that some study material did not align with test questions, and that it sometimes takes too long to get the financial aid award letter.
Western Governors University Rankings
Rankings by US News & World Report and Times Higher Education can provide useful information for prospective students and serve as a way to compare different universities. They are two of the most respected college ranking bodies.
Western Governors University US News & World Report Ranking
Western Governors University has not been ranked by US News & World Report.
Western Governors University Times Higher Education Ranking
Western Governors University has not been ranked by Times Higher Education.
Western Governors University Graduation Rate
Western Governors University has an overall graduation rate of 64 percent. This is a measure of the number of undergraduate students who have enrolled in this school and successfully completed their programs during the designated time.
The average graduation rate in the US is 46.2 percent among students in two-year and four-year institutions, according to Education Data Initiative. This means that WGU's graduation rate is above average. This is probably a reflection of the school's online education model that was designed to fit the busy lives of working professionals. Students know that they can work as fast or as slow as they like or need, which is likely a high motivator for them to finish their studies.
Western Governors University Admissions
Applying to Western Governors University is easy. The only requirements are a completed admission form and official transcripts. Students in need of financial aid should also be sure to submit a FAFSA form. Students must meet with an enrollment counselor to find out if their program has any additional admission requirements.
» MORE: The Fastest Online Business Degrees: How to Get Your Business Degree Fast
Western Governors University Acceptance Rate
Western Governors University has an acceptance rate of 100 percent. In other words, it has an open-admission policy, which means that all students who apply are accepted, assuming that they meet the minimum requirements.
This is translated into a very straightforward admission process, which basically involves providing your high school transcript or the equivalent. There is usually no requirement for certain skills or courses, recommendation letters, SAT or ACT scores, or essays.
Will You Get Into Western Governors University?
Yes, you will most likely get into Western Governors University because it has an open-admission policy. However, you still need to meet the minimum admissions requirements in order to be accepted.
How to Apply to Western Governors University
Complete the online application. Your application is submitted through an online application form found in the WGU website. Depending on when you're enrolling, you might get the option not to pay the application fee, using a provided discount code.
Submit your official transcripts. Be sure to submit your official high school transcripts. You should also submit transcripts if you've attended another postsecondary institution.
Apply for financial aid. If you plan to apply for financial aid, be sure to start the process early by filling out and submitting your FAFSA form.
Check for program-specific requirements. A few of the programs might have specific requirements for admission. Be sure to know what they are beforehand to make the application process easier.
Interview with an enrollment counselor. Enrollment counselors help students with any questions they might have about the school or their program, set the starting date for them, and act as a guide through the entire enrollment process.
Western Governors University Cost
Western Governors University Undergraduate In-State Tuition and Fees $7,452 per year
Western Governors University Undergraduate Out-of-State Tuition and Fees $7,452 per year
Western Governors University Graduate In-State Tuition and Fees $7,500 per year
Western Governors University Graduate Out-of-State Tuition and Fees $7,500 per year
Western Governors University Books and Supplies $200
Western Governors University On-Campus Room and Board N/A
Western Governors University Off-Campus Room and Board $6,000
The average yearly tuition for online undergraduate programs is $7,452 at WGU. According to Education Data Initiative, the cost of an online bachelor's degree averages $51,091 in total, averaging $12,773 every year.
Compared to the national average, the Western Governors University's cost is much lower, almost by half. WGU's different colleges might have program-specific tuition rates, which may alter the final total cost.
Cost of Living in Salt Lake City, Utah
Western Governors University's headquarters is located in Salt Lake City, Utah. According to PayScale, the cost of living there is two percent higher than the national average. Median rent costs $1,263 per month, electricity costs around $154.58 per month, and gas prices average at $4.89 per gallon.
Salt Lake City, the state's capital, offers many attractions and entertainment possibilities like basketball, the Loveland Living Planet Aquarium, five national parks, and several reputable ski resorts. It also ranks at 23rd in the list for the best places to live in the US by US News & World Report.
However, this is an online school, so students can be based anywhere in the US. The average cost of living in the US is $2,061 for a single person, according to LivingCost.org That's more than twice the world average. The US is the world's eighth most expensive country to live in.
Western Governors University Financial Aid
Western Governors University has many different types of financial aid available for students. These include scholarships and federal aid in the form of grants, loans, and work-study programs.
Some of these options include the Federal Pell Grant, Iraq and Afghanistan Service Grant (IASG), Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant (FSEOG), and Teacher Education Assistance for College and Higher Education (TEACH) Grant.
Students in need of financial aid can apply for these types of programs to help get them through their studies without worries. They can use the aid to pay for tuition, fees, textbooks, technological equipment, and any other educational expenses.
Western Governors University Scholarships
Margaret McClure Scholarship. Margaret McClure had a huge impact in bringing recognition to the value of higher education in nursing. This scholarship, in her honor, covers up to $5,000 of tuition in most of WGU's College of Health Professions online degree programs.
Rise Above Grant. This scholarship is available for all WGU students struggling with their finances. Up to $4,000 can be awarded depending on the candidate's academic record, financial need, and competency.
WGU Cybersecurity Scholarship. This scholarship was created for students enrolling in a master's or bachelor's cyber security online degree program. They can receive up to $5,000 to help cover their tuition costs.
WGU Loves Teachers Scholarship. To reward educators and aspiring educators, WGU created this scholarship. Any student enrolled in a program from the WGU Teachers College can apply to earn up to $4,000.
WGU Military Appreciation Scholarship. This is one way that WGU has to honor military students. Active-duty military personnel, veterans, or their spouses who are enrolled in WGU can apply and receive up to $2,500.
» MORE: Grand Canyon University Cost: Tuition, Fees, Financial Aid, and More
Western Governors University Graduate Salaries and Outcomes
According to the US Department of Education's College Scorecard, Western Governors University graduates make $48,210 in median annual earnings. Most students who graduate from WGU, about 76 percent, earn more than a high school graduate.
The school's return on investment (ROI) is very significant. According to WGU's stats, its graduates see a salary increase of $18,200 on average just two years after graduating. Tuition at this school is also low, which makes it easier to graduate without college debt. WGU also takes pride in sharing alumni success stories. For example, one student got his dream job working for Nintendo after getting his MBA from WGU.
Western Governors University Notable Alumni
Western Governors University offers a wide variety of programs in many fields, and several notable alumni pursued successful careers in politics. Some of them include Andre Barnett, a 2012 presidential nominee; Tiffiny Mitchell, a member of the Oregon House of Representatives; Paul Ray, a member of the Utah House of Representatives; and Amy Summers, a delegate with the West Virginia House of Delegates.
Western Governors University Campus Life
As Western Governors University is an online school, there is no campus life available. However, there are still many resources that students can use in order to be more involved in their academic life. Students can use the school's Night Owl Network to connect with alumni, interact with WGU social media channels, apply to be an Alumni Ambassador, tune into the WGU Alumni Podcast, or join honor societies, associations, and boards.
Western Governors University Academics
Western Governors University has over 100,000 undergraduate and 42,000 graduate students enrolled in its online business, teaching, IT, and nursing programs. These programs are career-aligned, making it easier for working professionals to further their education.
WGU provides a competency-based education. This form of education evaluates students through their acquired skills and knowledge. They can progress through their courses as fast as they want, as soon as they can prove their mastery of the course material.
Western Governors University Colleges and Departments
School or Department Name
Available Program Examples
College of Information Technology Bachelor of Science in Computer Science, Bachelor of Science in Software Development, Master of Science in Data Analytics
College of Business Bachelor of Science in Business Administration, Master of Business Administration (MBA), Master of Science in Accounting
College of Health Professions Bachelor of Science in Health Services Coordination, Bachelor of Science in Nursing, Master of Health Leadership
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Western Governors University Faculty
Western Governors University faculty are leading experts in their fields and aim to empower their students toward success. WGU provides three types of faculties: program mentors, instructors, and evaluators. The first two interact with students on the Internet or over the phone to provide instruction. Evaluators provide feedback.
According to student reviews on Rate My Professors, the average professor rating is 3.24 out of 5. There are very few reviews available for each teacher, which means that the evaluation they received might not be aligned with popular opinion.
Positive reviews mention insightful, knowledgeable, and helpful faculty members plus organized study materials. Negative reviews focus more on not-so-available faculty who also don't provide relevant or interesting study materials.
Popular Western Governors University Majors
Some of the most popular Western Governors University majors include nursing, business administration and management, education, computer science, and information technology. We'll be taking a closer look at each of them over the next few sections.
Western Governors University Nursing
The nursing program allows current registered nurses to obtain better salaries and increase their job security through a bachelor's degree. Study materials are updated and aligned with the 2021 AACN Essentials: Core Competencies for Professional Nursing Education. Most students complete this program in two years.
Western Governors University Nursing Jobs
Nurse. Nursing students get their nursing degrees in order to expand their opportunities and improve healthcare for patients. Nurses work directly with patients, assessing their individual needs and administering medical care.
Flight nurse. Flight nurses are registered nurses who care for patients while they're being transported, by helicopter or plane, to the hospital. They have to keep them stable until they reach their destination.
Forensic nurse. Forensic nurses are specialized to work certain cases in which health and legal systems intersect. They're usually responsible for taking care of patients who were victims of violence and abuse.
Western Governors University Business Administration and Management
Business administration and management majors are able to work across a wide variety of industries. They acquire a specialized set of management and leadership skills that grant them access to high-paying positions in business. Most students complete this program in just under four years.
Western Governors University Business Administration and Management Jobs
Marketing manager. Marketing managers are responsible for a company's marketing strategies. They lead the marketing team, estimate budgets, and determine which media are best to promote a certain product or service.
Business analyst. Business analysts explore all sorts of data provided by a company. They come up with different suggestions on how to improve the company's efficiency and reduce its costs.
Project manager. Project managers work with organizations to help plan, organize, and execute all kinds of projects. They're responsible for leading a team, coming up with budgets, and defining goals.
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Western Governors University Education
Students who want to study education at Western Governors University can choose programs that cover elementary to secondary and also special education. Undergraduate students can take advantage of these programs to become licensed teachers, while current teachers can use graduate programs to update their curricula.
Western Governors University Education Jobs
Elementary school teacher. Elementary school teachers work with children at this level and to teach them basic academic and social skills. Common subjects include math and reading, which prepare students for middle school.
Special education teacher. Special education teachers are prepared to work with students who possess a learning disability or other kinds of disabilities. They are able to adapt general education lessons according to the student's needs.
Adult education teacher. Adult education teachers work with adult students to help them build the necessary skills to obtain their high school diplomas. Sometimes they also work as English as a second language (ESL) teachers.
Western Governors University Computer Science
WGU's computer science major offers some great benefits to students. One of them is that students can begin applying to jobs in the field while they're still studying. During the program, they're able to take relevant industry certifications, for free, that they can use to start accumulating skills and building a career.
Western Governors University Computer Science Jobs
Data engineer. These types of software engineers are responsible for developing algorithms to better process data. They also have to create and maintain databases and data validation methods.
Machine learning engineer. Machine learning engineers are responsible for designing and creating new artificial intelligence systems that can improve the efficiency of a certain process.
Information manager. Information managers combine their computer science and project management expertise to coordinate and manage streams of data. These professionals can work in all kinds of industries.
Western Governors University Information Technology
Apart from getting relevant knowledge and skills that will allow them to pursue high-paying careers in IT, students also have access to great IT certifications through this WGU program. Some of them include CompTIA and the Certified Internet Webmaster (CIW) certifications. Most students complete the IT major in four years.
Western Governors University Information Technology Jobs
Application developer. As their title suggests, application developers create different applications and programs for several operating systems, the Internet, or mobile devices.
IT manager. Also known as computer and information system managers, IT managers are responsible for all computer-related activities in an organization. They take care of system updates, manage hardware and software, and negotiate tech prices with vendors.
Database administrator. Database administrators monitor the performance of their company's databases. They make sure that other colleagues can easily use it to access important information.
Is Western Governors University Worth It?
Yes, Western Governors University is worth it. As a fully accredited online school, WGU offers working professionals the opportunity to improve their knowledge and pursue higher-paying careers in their fields. It's also a way for any professional to change from one field to another.
Students have access to expert instructors, mentors, and evaluators that are always available to help them and guide them through any hardships they might encounter. There are also several types of online resources that students can use to keep involved with the school and other students and alumni. The school has a 100 percent acceptance rate, admitting all applicants who meet the minimum requirements.
Not only does WGU offer a wide variety of programs at affordable tuition costs, but it also offers several types of financial aid for those who need them. Students can apply for federal aid, grants, scholarships, and work-study programs.
Western Governors University Review FAQ
Does WGU offer career help?
Yes, WGU offers career help to students. The school has a special department called WGU Career & Professional Development that offers career coaching, help with resume building, employer connections, and several work-related workshops.
Does WGU have a graduation ceremony?
Yes, WGU has a graduation ceremony. Even though this is an online school, each year it holds a virtual commencement ceremony to commemorate its graduates. Students are welcome to participate virtually once they've submitted their graduation applications.
Is it worth continuing your education at WGU?
Yes, continuing your education at WGU is worth it. Students who've completed a bachelor's degree at WGU and are interested in pursuing a master's degree there as well enjoy a few benefits. Students have access to priority enrollment and exclusive scholarship opportunities.
Does WGU accept transfer college credits?
Yes, WGU accepts transfer college credits from other accredited schools. Transfer experts evaluate students' transcripts and help them determine the best academic plan for them. Each program has its own credit transfer allowances, and students can use their credits to complete their programs faster.
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text:
Home / Publications / 6 Junior Visiting Fellows' Conferences / Junior Visiting Fellow Conferences Vol. 25 / The Genesis of Secular Responsibility: Aesthetic Education and the Neighbor
The Genesis of Secular Responsibility:
Aesthetic Education and the Neighbor
Sean Dempsey
In The Gift of Death (1995), a suggestive moment occurs when Jacques Derrida discusses the political theorist and sometimes Nazi jurist, Carl Schmitt, and his reading of Matthew 5: "You have heard that it was said, 'You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy.' But I say to you, Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you" (Matthew 5:43-4). Schmitt concludes that Jesus' teaching addresses the love "we must show to our private enemies, to those we would be tempted to hate through personal or subjective passion, and not to public enemies," and he reminds us that "no Christian politics ever advised the West to love the Muslims who invaded Christian Europe."[1] Schmitt subscribes to a clear us/them, friend/enemy distinction and from his perspective to love your neighbor as you love yourself makes sense only as long as that neighbor is someone from the same community or neighborhood. We can even love our enemies as long as they are private enemies or rivals found within our own group; loving them makes sense because passion can cloud our judgment and potentially threaten our own locality. But loving the foreigner, stranger, or outsider who threatens me and mine—for Schmitt this is non-sense. However, it is this position that Derrida critiques, and his argument focuses on the symmetry of Schmitt's reading of loving the neighbor as you love yourself.
"If you love only those who love you and to the extent that they love you, if you hold so strictly to this symmetry, mutuality, and reciprocity, then you give nothing, no love, and the reserve of your wages will be like a tax that is imposed or a debt that is repaid, like the acquittal of a debt. In order to deserve or expect an infinitely higher salary, one that goes beyond the perception of what is due, you have to give without taking account and love those who don't love you" (106)
This critique of Schmitt's symmetry is significant because of a point developed earlier in The Gift of Death concerning the sacrificial logic of the Abraham and Isaac story—"a decision always takes place beyond calculation" (95). If Abraham had known that he would receive his son back when he set out to sacrifice him, then he accomplished nothing because he risked nothing. Abraham's decision to sacrifice his son is meaningful only if, as Kierkegaard might say, it was made on the basis of the absurd. Similarly, if, as Schmitt would have it, our relationship to our neighbor is merely symmetrical, then it remains on the level of the calculable and thus doesn't really change anything. This is problematic even within Schmitt's political logic because if the sovereign is he "who decides upon the exception" as Schmitt claims, and if Derrida is right that decision always takes place beyond calculation, then there is an instability in the logic. The symmetrical view of the world—you are my friend, they are my enemy—is built upon an underlying asymmetrical decision that is beyond calculation. The question remains: why exactly are these my friends and those my enemies? How can we judge the basis of a decision concerning what is inside and outside the circle of my community if that decision takes place beyond calculation? How can we, as ethical human beings, become responsible for our actions if they are predicated upon a decision we did not make ourselves?
In The Gift of Death, Derrida builds upon Jan Potacka's ideas about responsibility and traces how the history of religion is the history of "a passage to responsibility" that is also tied to a history of the subject's relationship to itself and to the other. Derrida argues that at its core religion presupposes access to the responsibility of a free self and that the space for such responsibility is made clear only when a distinction has been made between the "demonic on the one hand (that which confuses the limits among the animal, the human, and the divine, and which retains an affinity with mystery, the initiatory, the esoteric, the secret or the sacred) and responsibility on the other" (2). The "responsible" subject manages to make the orgiastic or demonic mystery subject to itself, and thus the responsible subject emerges from and stands above mere (animal) necessity and has the agency with which to respond freely to life's demands.
The broad strokes of this history of responsibility are made through a series of "turns, intricacies, versions, turnings back, bends, and conversions" (8): from the cavernous, "earth-mother" oriented orgies of the mystery religions; to the Platonic Conversion, which turns the eternal gaze away from the shadows on the cave wall and toward the ideal permanence of the Good, the True, and the Beautiful; and finally to the Christian revision of the Good as the goodness of a "supreme, absolute and inaccessible being that holds us in check not by exterior but interior force" (31). Rather than the longing look of the Platonic gaze toward the Good, in Christianity we are looked at by a God "who regards without being seen" (3). Each of the successive steps Derrida describes are renewed attempts at responding to the calls of an other that previously had been lost in the enthusiasms of orgiastic and demonic mystery. Each step "rises on the back [sur le fond] of a past mystery" (7) by either repressing or incorporating the prior, and thus each is at the same time a further manifestation of secrecy.
My interest in this paper is to sketch how responsibility might be possible in a secular age. If, as Derrida suggests, the history of responsibility has led to the necessity of the free subject subjecting itself to a god "who regards without being seen," then what happens to responsibility in a secular modernity where subjects no longer feel compelled to relate themselves to the gaze of a god who sees in secret? I suggest that we can begin to answer this question by reading recent reevaluations of the figure of the "neighbor" as a supplement to Derrida's development of Potacka's ideas concerning the genesis of responsibility. The neighbor has had a long history in political-theological thought, stemming in large part from the commandment in Leviticus 19:18 to "love your neighbor as you love yourself." This history developed out of the scriptural traditions and has been revitalized in modernity by a variety of thinkers including Kant, Hegel, Nietzsche, Kierkegaard, Freud, Weber, Durkheim, Rosenzweig, Levinas, and Lacan. More recently, reevaluations of the concept by Eric Santner, Kenneth Reinhard, and Slavoj Žižek in The Neighbor: Three Inquiries in Political Theology (2005), as well as Kiarina Kordela's development of the idea in the second half of $urplus: Spinoza, Lacan (2007), have sought to extend our understanding of the neighbor by exploring how it has become a privileged locus for the reinvention of both the ethical and the political in late modernity.
The figure of the neighbor is significant in this quest because it marks the threshold between ethics and politics, particularly as Levinas has defined these two categories. For Levinas, ethics is an asymmetrical and nonreciprocal relationship to the other as the neighbor to whom a debt is owed that can never be paid. Politics, on the other hand, is a relationship between equals, each of whom is substitutable for any of the others. The dilemma here is that whereas ethics demands that I sacrifice all of the others to that One to whom a debt is owed that can never be paid, politics demands that I be willing to sacrifice that One so that every one can be substituted or exchanged with every other. As Reinhard argues, what is perhaps most radical in Levinas's thought is "the unbridgeable gap between ethics and politics: insofar as ethics involves the encounter of the two of the neighbor and the self, it cannot conceive of the three, the symbolic representation and mediation on which politics is based."[2] The challenge of the encounter with the neighbor is understanding how such an event might potentially produce this third perspective that makes politics possible.
In order to traverse or at least make sense of the antinomy between ethics and politics it is useful to look more closely at the figure of the neighbor. Central to the recent reevaluations of the neighbor I am exploring is Freud's claim that the neighbor, or what he calls the Nebenmensch—the fellow or adjacent human being––"falls apart into two components, of which one makes an impression by its constant structure and stays together as a thing [als Ding], while the other can be understood by the activity of memory—that is, it can be traced back to information from [the subject's] own body."[3] So the figure of the Nebenmensch joins together the objectivity of a thing with the subjectivity of the subject's own memories, and is thus a peculiar configuration of inside and outside. For Freud, this dual process of judgment and memory reinscribes the double gesture of the commandment to "love thy neighbor as thyself." But the question remains, when I love my neighbor as myself how is the perplexing relationship between subjectivity and objectivity untangled?
In an early letter to Wilhelm Fleiss describing paranoia, Freud says paranoiacs "love their delusions as they love themselves. That is the secret." In other words, paranoiacs confuse the distinction between inside and outside and their projected delusions are thought to be objectively true.[4] What the logic of loving the neighbor provides is a means of working through such paranoid fantasies by recognizing the gap between subjectivity and objectivity, or that space Derrida articulates between the demonic (that which confuses the limits) and responsibility. As Reinhard has argued, "when the proximity of the neighbor collapses, paranoid delusions and hallucinations emerge, often precisely in the place and the guise of the (missing) neighbor" (27). Paranoia is the failure to recognize or articulate this space and, as Hannah Arendt's work suggests, one potential political outcome of this failure is totalitarianism, which in part is precisely the loss of this spacing proper to the function of the neighbor. The loss of this spacing threatens to swallow the responsible subject back into the enthusiasms of the demonic. The paranoiac loves his delusions as he loves himself because he fails to judge the Nebenmesch and is thus lost in the enthusiasms of undifferentiated signification. Jacques Lacan argued that the paranoiac fails to judge, and thus recognize and accept responsibility for the spacing between self and other, because "the paranoiac fails to believe, not in one reality or another, but in the transcendental element (the Name of the Father) that should demarcate the difference between das Ding and the world of representation and hold the space between them open" (35). If this demarcation is successfully made, then the subject can traverse the travails of paranoia, and in fact Lacan suggests that the secular "structure of the human world" is predicated on just this transcendence of "paranoiac knowledge."[5] Secular "belief" produces a responsible subject and thus makes politics possible by recognizing a transcendent element (the third) that demarcates the difference between the objective thing and the subjective memories and representations projected upon it. The realization that results from this recognition is that what I call my "self" is aporetic, asymmetrical, and non-identical with itself—I am split between subjectivity and objectivity just like my neighbor.
But how can this recognition be realized? One possibility is suggested by the radical logic of non-violence and "turning the other cheek." If I strike the other and he strikes back, then this makes perfect mimetic sense. But if I strike the other and he does not strike back, then I may simply dismiss him as weak, foolish, or crazy. But if he keeps resisting my projections and refusing to return violence with violence, then a moment may come when I am forced to acknowledge that this behavior is outside my comprehension and is something that I cannot calculate. And it is in this encounter with incalculability that a new decision can be made—to love my neighbor as myself and to recognize his incalculability as a reflection of my own. If this new decision is brought about, then it is due to a collapse of judgment—and recall that Schiller claimed that one of the goals of an aesthetic education is to bring about this collapse of judgment that marks the foundation of the political. However, it is important to note that this collapse of judgment differs from the paranoiac's failure to judge at all. The essential difference is that this collapse occurs despite the effort exerted in the responsible subject's attempts at judgment. Such a collapse can serve as the foundation of the political because it brings into awareness the possibility of a third perspective from which the disjunction of friend/enemy and self/other might be resolved and where the surplus effort exerted by the subject might be accounted for and thus justified.
The political is suppressed as long as the friend/enemy, us versus them mentality is maintained. Aesthetic education is one possible means of overcoming obstacles to political negotiation by encouraging a reflective activity that offers practice at negotiating between different conceptions of the good. What also needs to be activated is the sense of irony that we associate with Schlegel—"a capacity to acknowledge as contingent and time-bound the truth to which we are nevertheless committed."[6] By exercising our imagination, and identifying with the different possibilities of being human presented in culture and in everyday experience, we can recognize the different kinds of human being we could potentially have been if the social and historical situation we were born into had been different. This recognition calls into question our ability to definitively judge the relative value of various positions. How can I be certain of the righteousness of my own position if I recognize how completely differently I would see things if I was born to a different set of parents in a different part of the world? With this recognition comes the willingness to acknowledge the need for political solutions.
I have already suggested that the logic of non-violence is one way of triggering the recognition of the spacing between self and other that engenders secular responsibility. Another way the aesthetic education necessary for traversing paranoid fantasies of exceptionality can occur is through literature. As Kiarina Kordela notes in $urplus, literature is paradoxically "an instance of repose from our tormenting monologue, and an experience in which we are given more chances, compared to reality, to encounter really another gaze."[7] In her view, literature possesses such potential because it is here the reader experiences pleasure in encountering neighbors who routinely defy the projections of significance placed upon them and thus open gaps between what the fictional figure is for himself or herself and the correspondent subjective memories and impressions the reader projects upon the figure. Like Freud's Nebenmensch, literature joins together the objectivity of the textual artifact with the subjectivity of the reader's own memories in such a way so that readers can encounter the gap or tension between objectivity and subjectivity, and this encounter becomes an opportunity for recognizing, or perhaps re-cognizing, the particular perspective from which the reader looks at the world. These moments of recognition are potentially pleasurable because a feeling of epiphanic excess or surplus can be experienced—a surplus that stems from an excess of signification within what is manifestly before us. In part, this pleasurable surplus is generated by the overcoming of the perspective or world-view that presided over the subject prior to the encounter with the neighbor (or with the work of literature), and it is this (pleasurable) self-overcoming that produces the gaze, or the perspective of the "third" that makes politics possible.
In order to clarify how this perspective of the third can be produced, it is necessary to return to the issue of responsibility. But how can I become responsible for everything that I say and do, if this everything is predicated upon the exclusion of one thing for which I am not responsible for—the facticity of the historical and cultural position I find myself born into? In other words, how can I become responsible for the habits and practices of a situation I didn't choose to be part of in the first place? In the recent reevaluations of the neighbor by Santner, Reinhard, and Kordela, Lacan's theory of sexual difference is utilized to suggest that there are two fundamentally different ways of relating to this anxiety, which are aligned with the masculine and feminine structures of desire. Although Lacan insists that these structures are not based on genitalia and that a man can have a feminine structure of desire and vice versa, let us leave aside contentious questions of gender for a moment to see what purchase this theory may provide on the problem at hand.
The masculine structure is one of a universal and its exception, and is illustrated by Freud's myth of the primal father in Totem and Taboo. In the beginning, there was one—the primal father—who had access to all the wealth and all the women. His sons were jealous and banded together to kill this father so that they could be free to express their own desire. So, in order that all men could be equal, and that all could come under the law, an exception had to be made of the one who was not equal—the primal father—and it is his death that marks the emergence of the law. The idea of equality is established by a constitutive exception, the exclusion of the One who is not equal. The tension in society arises from conflicting tendencies: the Oedipal guilt of having killed the primal father and the desire to stand in for and be this father in some derivative way within the family unit, the company, or the nation-state. In the masculine structure of desire, the subject responds to this Oedipal guilt by identifying with what is perceived to be the cause of guilt—the absent father—thus generating the belief that the guilty feeling will cease as the subject becomes more like the primal father.
In this way, all men are equal (although some are more equal than others based on their relative approximation to the ideal) and the circle of the shared community or culture drawn around this relative equality is maintained by both an identification with or focus upon the One who has been excluded and a defense of the ethical perimeter of the communal circle by exclusion of those who do not fit into the constructed narrative: foreigners, immigrants, homosexuals, blacks, Jews, etc. These "others" are excluded and function as scapegoats upon which is projected the residual Oedipal guilt of having identified so closely with the Father that "we" killed him so that we could be him. Through this inversion, the guilty conscience can claim that they want to kill our Father and stain the purity and sanctity of our community, and thus the guilt is satisfyingly sacrificed. This follows the perennial logic of sacrificial economies: surplus negative feelings are projected upon the sacrificial token, the token is killed or consumed, and thus negative feelings are eliminated at least momentarily. Unfortunately, the original stain never washes away completely and the act of sacrifice must be repeated compulsively. Despite man's most diabolic attempts there is no final solution, the debt is never fully repaid, and the last judgment is indefinitely deferred.
What Santer, Reinhard, and Kordela suggest is that there may be a better way of responding to the pressures and anxieties of desire, and they look towards the feminine structure and the figure of the neighbor for a means to counter or supplement the logic of a universal that is held in place by a constitutive exception. The feminine formula does not simply invert or complement the masculine one but instead presents a fundamentally different structure, one characterized by a non-all (or pas tout). In this formula the community (or neighborhood) is a set that remains incomplete and open. There is nothing outside this set nor any constitutive exception to mark its boundaries, and since there is no totality that encloses me there is nothing that I am not responsible for. And due to the logic of this double negative—the only thing I am not responsible for is the nothing outside my set—I can never finish talking about what I am responsible for. It is this demurral—this recognition of the need to keep talking—that opens up the space of the neighbor.
Although the logic of this feminine structure of desire is intriguing, the question becomes how can this openness and awareness of the non-all be inscribed within habits and practices? This is where the figure of the neighbor comes in. If the everyday encounter with the neighbor is not the face to face encounter with the other that Levinas describes, but is rather an encounter with the desires and representations I project upon the other, then "the true structure of the 'normal' dialogue with the other, the neighbor, is that of a monologue, insofar as it is always a 'conversation' between the subject and the gaze imagined by it in the Other."[8] The task of producing the political is the task of breaking through the monotony of this monologue and thus traversing the paranoiac's love of his own delusions. This break through can occur when I realize that the gaze that I encounter in my neighbor is beyond what I am currently capable of imagining or calculating on my own—and it is in this moment that I anticipate a field of vision or gaze above my own. This is the perspective of the third that mediates politics and it is from this transcendental perspective that at least momentarily I "see" myself as seeing as if from above.
Rather than the longing look of the Platonic gaze toward the Good, or the gaze of the Christian God "who regards without being seen," in a secular age the responsible subject anticipates the surplus of a third perspective which exceeds the exchange of views between itself and its neighbor. It is the transcendental surplus of this third that functions in the manner of Lacan's Name of the Father, demarcating the difference between the noumenal world of things and the phenomenal world of subjective memories and representations, and holding the space between them open. By passing through this space, secularity can move beyond the delusional monotony of paranoiac knowledge. To return to the language of Derrida's critique of Schmitt, it is only when we risk going beyond our "perception of what is due" that we can become responsible for the incalculable decisions that shape our world. However, if this process is to be perpetually pleasurable, then new projections must be produced that can subsequently be overcome or consumed. Thus just as in capitalism, the process of overcoming the "perception of what is due" is interminable and requires continual expansion into new markets. Somewhat surprisingly, in order for secularity to work we may need a continual supply of new neighbors to encounter (and new media to devour) in order to continue experiencing the sublime pleasure of producing that perspective of the third whose gaze makes politics possible.
In a recent article, Kordela argues that although Hans Blumenberg's account of secularization may not be fully satisfying he does make us "see the importance of human Schuld (the German word for both moral or legal guilt and economic debt) for the sustenance of the Other, which for us may no longer be God per se, but remains the world as a consistent and meaningful system." In order for the world to appear consistent, the responsible human subject must stand in for the inconsistencies, and "assume the role of a phantasmatic surplus-cause."[9] However, this standing in for is very different from the assumption of the father's role in the Oedipal drama of the masculine structure of desire. There the guilty subject attempted to repay his perceived debt by putting on the role of the primal father. In this masculine structure, the ethics of owing a debt that can never be repaid is the product of a politics that sacrificed the constitutive exception so that all that remained could exist under the law. The feminine structure, on the other hand, recognizes that all of this is just a put on—there never was any One not under the law. In order to be in on the joke of this (divine) comedy, we must be willing to accept responsibility for those inconsistencies that seem exceptional to the world as a consistent and meaningful system. This assumption of responsibility can be found pleasurable because the sacrifice of our fantasies of exception clears a space for superior hopes that are so much the more enchanting.
1. Derrida, Jacques. The Gift of Death. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995, 103. Subsequent references to this book will be made in the body of the essay.
2. Žižek , Slavoj, Eric L. Santner, and Kenneth Reinhard, The Neighbor: Three Inquiries in Political Theology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005, 49.
3. Freud, Sigmund. The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud. London: Hogarth, 1958, 1:331 (translation modified); quoted in The Neighbor, 30.
4. Freud, Sigmund, The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud. London: Hogarth, 1958, 1:212; Briefe an Wilhelm Fliess. Frankfort: S. Fischer, 1986, 110.
5. Kordela, A. Kiarina, "Marx's Update of Cultural Theory." Cultural Critique 65 (2007): 53.
6. Jager. Colin. "After the Secular: The Subject of Romanticism." Public Culture 18:2 (2006): 304.
7. Kordela, A. Kiarina. $urplus: Spinoza, Lacan. New York: State University of New York Press, 2007, 137.
8. Ibid., 137.
IWM Junior Visiting Fellows' Conferences, Vol. XXV
© 2009 by the author. Readers may redistribute this article to other individuals for noncommercial use, provided that the text and this note remain intact. This article may not be reprinted or redistributed for commercial use without prior written permission from the author. If you have any questions about permissions, please contact Klaus Nellen at IWM.
Preferred citation: Dempsey, Sean. 2009. The Genesis of Secular Responsibility: Aesthetic Education and the Neighbor. In Time, Memory, and Cultural Change, ed. S. Dempsey and D. Nichols, Vienna: IWM Junior Visiting Fellows' Conferences, Vol. 25.


The elimination of ciprofloxacin from serum was studied in 16 patients (10 F, 6M, age 44–70 years) with end stage renal disease, treated with haemodialysis. The dosage of ciprofloxacin was 200 mg i.v. given by bolus injection (10 patients) or 250 mg orally (6 patients) on a day without and a day with dialysis (8 hours before dialysis was started). Samples were taken at regular intervals from the arteriovenous shunt and from venous peripheral blood. Concentrations of ciprofloxacin were measured by a biological assay. The mean peak serum levels after 200 mg i.v. were 3.5 mg/l measured 0.5 hour after the gift. After an oral dose of 250 mg the mean peak serum level measured one hour after the gift amounted to 1.5 mg/l. The serum half life was 8.5 h without dialysis and 5.5 h with dialysis. It was calculated from AUC values during dialysis that about 15% of the drug was eliminated by the artificial kidney.


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PUBLICITY PROJECT
CLIENT: G.I. FILM FESTIVAL
PUBLIC RELATIONS | MEDIA MANAGEMENT
Client, G.I. Film Festival hired our team to assist in publicizing the non-profit organization and its weeklong festival dedicated to preserving the stories of American veterans past and present through film, television and live special events. Traditionally held during Memorial Day weekend in our nation's capital, our team managed fundraisers, private events, red carpets, and world/DC film premieres for a full week
Known as "Sundance for the Troops", celebrities in attendance included: David Arquette, Gary Sinise, Adam Driver, Michelle Monaghan, Melissa Fitzgerald, Peter Berg, Marcus Luttrell and many more notable partners.
GIFF DC 2014 was known as the organization's biggest year, featuring 56 film screenings, celebrity meet-and-greets, red carpet soirees, exclusive embassy and Capitol Hill events and major world premieres and advance screenings: Field of Lost Shoes (May 19), When the Game Stands Tall (May 22), The First Motion Picture Unit: When Hollywood Went to War (May 23) and Ft. Bliss (May 25).
Our team managed press at all events, every red carpet, pre-event marketing/advertising, and continued publicity.
Sample press releases below.
Additional releases, ads, and alerts available upon request.
FOX & FRIENDS [NATIONAL]
WUSA9
CAPITAL PUBLIC RADIO
...among many others...


When one travels in strange lands among foreign cultures, it is always a good idea to set oneself a goal of taking in a new cultural experience. Fortunately, the locals in the country we've visited are more than happy to provide instructive cultural experiences on almost a daily basis.
Kim and I are spending Christmas with her family over in America. It's a brand new experience for me. Traditionally, of course, Christmas is associated with summer, so it's really interesting to spend time in a weird alternative culture where it's cold and wintery and yet still Christmas. I don't know how they even manage to celebrate it.
A lot different things come to mind when people consider Kim and me as a partnership. Everything from "well, that was probably inevitable," to "What the hell was she thinking?" I'm not sure how many would think to themselves, "that's the sort of couple other Christian couples should strive to be like." Probably none. And just as well.
Just a short update today, as I've just discovered something fantastic. At the church I work for there is a number they call when couples planning weddings make a very specific request.
And father of us all.


Today I have some news that the holo lovers among us would love to hear!
Dazzled Shop are launching a new monthly subscription box that will include only holo indie nail polish. How great is that? See more info about this awesome project below.
There will be a theme each month and it will be announced when the box is available for pre-order.
The shades will remain a mystery until customers receive their box, however, there will be a collage of photos showing the inspiration from each brand.
We have already chosen a theme for March and April, they will be Meet The Makers Part I & II. Although some of the brands are already very well known, some are not. We want to introduce all the brands in our lineup to the fellow nail polish lovers, so the brands will make what they are best at in these introductory boxes. But starting from May onwards, we will be open for suggestions from customers on our Facebook page, we will still be the one to decide the theme of the box. But once the theme picked is from the suggestion of a customer, the person will get a free box for that month.
I am very interested in this box, though I do feel like the price is quite high.. 60 dollars means 15 dollar a bottle, which doesn't represent regular retail for these brands.
Really curious to see how the box will look like!


Apr. 4, 2018 11:40 a.m.
Ready-to-eat packaged salad producer Vegpro is hiring.
Jonathan Blais, western region director of corporate development and administration for the Quebec-based company said Vegpro expects to hire up to 100 people to get things going at their Coldstream operation.
Vegpro announced a $60 million investment into the rural lake-side community in December. The project is expected to create 200 jobs over the next three years.
"In addition to a significant capital investment in the region, approximately 100 direct jobs in addition to an ecosystem supporting our operation year-long will provide a substantial boost for Coldstream and Vernon," Blais said.
To handle the work as Vegpro opens this spring, Blais said the plant needs everything from farm labourers to power engineers.
"We are hiring a few supervisory roles who will be overseeing daily operations as well as farm labourers, who will complete various tasks including, but not limited to; soil preparation, irrigation, planting, weeding and so on," he told The Morning Star.
Prior to opening, which is slated for July, Blais said the packaging plant is also hiring a refrigeration operator, production supervisor, a Class 4 power engineer, an electromechanical technician, a maintenance planner and a buyer.
Since they first posted the positions, Blais said Vegpro has received a strong response to their hiring call and hope to see more applicants as the will be at Tuesday's job fair at the Vernon Lodge and Conference Centre, which takes place from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m.
"We are extremely encouraged by the good momentum we are seeing on the recruiting front," Blais said.
Blais continued that several other positions will be filled closer to the start date in July, however Vegpro is currently accepting applications for all roles and welcomes anyone who is interested in joining their team. Job postings can be found at http://vegpro.com/en/jobs-opportunities/ or apply in person at the April 10 Vernon Job Fair.


Marcus Garvey was unimpressed after he fled Ethiopia in 1936 following the invasion of Benito Mussolini's troops a year earlier, describing Selassie as a "coward" and calling him out for "the terrors of slavery". The practice was not outlawed in Ethiopia until 1942.Academic Dr Yohannes Woldemariam has gone as far as to argue that Selassie should be remembered as a dictator. Indeed, he created a constitution which placed all the power in his hands and those of his descendents.


Seigle Hall, Room 205: Thursday, June 15 at 12:00 PM through Saturday, June 17.
The DEADLINE is MAY 19th, 2017.
Presenters must register before May 19th, 2017, or they will be taken off the program.
Non-presenters may register for a higher fee after May 19th, 2017.
Everyone MUST register through the Conference Maker portal: LINK.


Lumiloupe magnifiers make the ordinary extraordinary by revealing details you may have never seen before.
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The transparent acrylic base permits ambient light, allowing bright, clear viewing.
Excellent for reading practical items such as can labels, prices in stores, or bus schedules.
Click the button below to add the Lumiloupe™ to your wish list.


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LBJ School Community
Barbara Jordan Week
US-Mexico Relations in the Trump Era—Where Do We Go From Here?
Posted by Craig Gertsch | March 19, 2017 | Economics & Trade Policy, Global Policy Studies & International Security, Politics and Governance | 0 |
Photo: Reuters/Henry Romero
In my class with the Strauss Center's Mexico Security Initiative[1], my classmates and I are fine-tuning our policy report for the upcoming 2018 Mexican elections. Set against the backdrop of brutal crime and cartel violence, our project focuses on strategies for the next Mexican administration regarding several key policy arenas—economic, security, civil society, and political— that can be adopted to improve the situation for citizens' safety. But Trump's unanticipated victory in the 2016 US presidential elections has dramatically altered the decision-making calculus of US-Mexico relations. A cornerstone of the class is the chance to hear expert testimony and specialized expertise from several prominent guest speakers throughout the semester. This has allowed my classmates and I to cultivate an in-depth understanding of the US-Mexico relations, especially where they concern issues of national security. Of particular interest, and perhaps pertinence, to the Strauss Center's project is the insight we have gained in regards to some chronic problems plaguing Mexico, namely corruption and impunity. These kinds of ongoing threats to security and stability are all too commonplace in Mexico, and affect the successful implementation of measures designed to improve the safety and well-being of Mexican citizens, like police reform.
In this context, I have continued to examine the Merida Initiative and US-Mexico binational security cooperation, building on my previous work at the Strauss Center. I also research the role of regional security cooperation throughout Central America, within the framework on drug and cartel-related violence. The past couple of weeks have introduced some big changes, not the least of which is that Mr. Donald J. Trump is the 45th President of the United States, and it will be interesting to see the regional relational shift between the US and her Latin American neighbors. Mr. Trump's victory will affect US policy for the next 4 years, both at home and abroad. During his campaign, and now as Chief Executive, President Trump has more than once made inflammatory and demeaning remarks about Mexicans and their country. Unsurprisingly, many Mexicans are deeply concerned about what a Trump administration will mean for US-Mexico relations. Trump's foreign policy trajectory in the coming months will influence several important areas of cooperation, including security, immigration, trade, health, business, and commerce. Currently, news reports[2] are saying that Mexico is in the process of crafting a grand strategy for dealing with the nascent Trump administration. And Mexico, a large country with global aspirations, should not be taken lightly. To be certain, Mexico's relationship with the United States will always be a consequential one. But Mexico has its eyes on the possibility of regional alliances as well. It is very possible that Mexico could be more strategic in its leadership and involvement with both its regional neighbors—like the Central American countries of Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, etc.—and its fellow Spanish-speaking neighbors (such as Colombia, Venezuela, and Peru).
If a Trump administration becomes increasingly hostile towards Mexico, Mexico could strategically pivot towards its southern Latino neighbors in Central and South America, forsaking US relations for the possibility of pan-Latin alliances. These regional alliances, with Mexico at the center, would be built on a platform of multilateral issues, like security, intelligence sharing, immigration, and trade. Mexico occupies a strategically and geographically important position, sitting at the crossroads between North and Central/South America. Additionally, as I have seen throughout my research and interviews with Mexican security experts, it's become increasingly salient that tackling cartel violence and transnational criminal organizations is all at once a local and regional/multinational endeavor. It is a well-documented fact that drug routes flow both up and down, and throughout the North and South American region, forming a web of crime that necessarily involves the cooperation of several states. Thus, I argue that improving the security of the US, Mexico, and the Americas at-large requires solutions to complex and systemic issues that have long plagued Mexico and its neighbors—namely, drugs, trafficking, violence, and poverty. These solutions must have both a local component, as well as a regional/multinational component in order to effect real change and consolidate the region's safety and security.
From the start of his new administration, President Trump has greatly imperiled the US-Mexico relationship. Claiming that he will build a wall[3] on the US border with Mexico, eliminate NAFTA[4], and deport illegal immigrants back to Mexico[5], President Trump has caused an impressive amount of damage in five short weeks. Just over a month into his term, and it would appear Trump is keen on keeping his promises. He has vowed to build a wall, renegotiate the terms of NAFTA, and this week, the administration and the Department of Homeland Security issued directives that greatly expanded enforcement of US immigration laws; these laws could potentially lead to the expedited removal of any undocumented immigrant throughout the United States. With the arrival this week of Secretary of State Tillerson, and DHS Secretary Kelly to Mexico on a diplomatic mission, there has already been significant pushback from Mexican government officials. We shall see what the next few years of the Trump administration will hold for US-Mexico relations. But so far, it doesn't look very promising.
Edited by: Daniel Jimenez
[1] https://www.strausscenter.org/strauss-articles/mexico-security-initiative.html
[2] https://www.usnews.com/news/best-countries/articles/2017-03-09/mexicos-plan-for-facing-donald-trump-resistance
[3] http://finance-commerce.com/2017/03/trump-budget-build-up-military-build-the-wall/
[4] http://www.nbcnews.com/politics/white-house/trump-sign-executive-order-plan-renegotiate-nafta-mexico-canada-n710641
[5] http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/feb/22/mexico-vows-resist-trump-immigration-plans/
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Craig Gertsch
Craig is a second-year Master of Global Policy Studies candidate, with policy interests in international security and Latin American policy. Before attending the Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs, Craig worked in both the public and private sectors, and he received his Bachelor's Degree in Sociology from the University of California, Berkeley. During his time at the LBJ School, Craig has been a part of the Mexico Security Initiative with the Strauss Center for International Security and Law, and he is a research affiliate with the Rapoport Center for Human Rights and Justice. Additionally, Craig has worked at the Texas Legislature as a policy analyst focusing on US-Mexico border and homeland security issues. Craig can be reached at cgertsch@utexas.edu.
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text:
Mango Animate Rolls out a Whiteboard Video Maker for Whiteboard Animations
The whiteboard video maker comes with a plethora of tools and features for creating whiteboard animations that help brands get noticed online.
Hong Kong, China -- (ReleaseWire) -- 11/11/2020 -- Mango Animate has just rolled out its whiteboard video maker for creating stunning whiteboard animations. The company understands the power of whiteboard animations in helping to build brand awareness and driving sales. Users can now use the tools provided to create whiteboard animations that will break down information to make it understandable to the audience. The current digital market is taking notice of video information more than the written word. That's why it's important for users to take advantage of the tools provided by Mango Animate to boost their digital exposure and market.
The whiteboard animation maker comes with customized templates to create high-quality whiteboard videos for personal projects, education, business, and more. The lively animation effects and 2D characters will make the whiteboard animations more engaging while giving life to the whiteboard videos. This will get viewers engaged as they enjoy the presentations. Users can quickly convey all the essentials of their message through mesmerizing illustrations and voiceovers and capture their audience's attention.
"Our whiteboard video maker is one of a kind," said Ivan Leung, CTO of Mango Animate. "We have provided everything you need to present your ideas and concepts in the most captivating way. You can use your whiteboard videos to help your viewers remember your message and story for a very long time. Your impressive creations will connect with them on an emotional level and compel them to change their intentions and attitudes. Imagine using hand types to add a personal touch to your videos! This is a great way of sparking interest in the audience."
Mango Animate's whiteboard video maker is equipped with a powerful voiceover feature that allows users to record custom voiceovers directly from the platform. Users are only required to add and edit their voice when creating their audio. They can then caption them and use the text-to-speech converter to make their videos more entertaining. By adding some smooth background and using sound effects, the videos will definitely wow viewers and make them stay longer to watch some more.
It's easy to charm viewers with whiteboard viewers because of their on-the-spot creation process. By drawing scenes, images, and characters right before their eyes and making them come to life, audiences will be eager to continue watching and find out what will be coming next. The whiteboard video maker is the tool users need to effectively communicate their story across and make people understand the topic. Brands can use it to educate their customers and prospects regarding their brands or products.
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Email: Click to Email Alice Lee
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Eight arrested in HMRC-led raids in Manchester
By John Wood
Published: 26 February, 2016
Eight men were arrested and 11 premises searched during a multi-agency operation in Manchester on Wednesday 24 February.
HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) officers seized material in relation to suspected tax evasion, including 137,600 cigarettes, 73 kilos of tobacco, counterfeit cash, and four vehicles, during searches of nine retail, one domestic address and one storage container in the Strangeways, Cheetham Hill and Bury areas. Nearly 50,000 individual doses of unlicensed medicines were also seized.
The HMRC-led operation included officers from Greater Manchester Police (GMP), Manchester and Salford City Councils' Trading Standards teams, Immigration Enforcement, the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), and the Intellectual Property Office (IPO). The enforcement activity involves investigations into a number of suspected offences, including tax evasion, smuggling, immigration and counterfeiting.
Two men, aged 30 and 62, were arrested by HMRC on suspicion of tax evasion and have been released on bail pending further enquiries. Three of the men arrested have been detained pending their removal from the UK and three have been granted temporary release while their cases are progressed. They will have to report regularly to the Home Office during this time.
Trading Standards filled two 40ft containers with the counterfeit goods seized on the operation. The goods seized had an estimated normal retail value of £2m. The counterfeit items included clothing, footwear, headphones, perfume, handbags and watches.
Three arrests of £12m tobacco fraud
HMRC overturns duty deferment victory
Tonnes of toxic waste at illicit fuel plants in Essex
Service station attendant jailed for tobacco fraud
Four arrests after HMRC crackdown


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Budăi is a village in Telenești District, Moldova.

Notable people
 Ion Constantin Ciobanu
 Axentie Blanovschi

References

Villages of Telenești District

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia