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The Official Website!
Disc Jockey & Emcee
Session & Backing Vocalist
DJ Mixes 2020
"Phase 3" (EP) - 2016
Singles - 2016
"Kim B. Continued" (MixTape) - 2013
"I'm Kim B." (EP) - 2009
Latin Dancehall Mix 2019
I am a Mobile Open-Format DJ & Emcee based in the Chicagoland area. SOCIAL MEDIA Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SuperstarKimB Instagram: https://instagram.com/KimBmusic Mixcloud: https://www.mixcloud.com/DJ_KimB/ Website: http://kimbmusic.com/ For Business & Booking Inquiries: KimB@MDMEntertainment.com ***NO COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT INTENDED***
Halloween Remix Music
Rap & Trap Mix
I am a Mobile Open-Format DJ & Emcee based in the Chicagoland area. SOCIAL MEDIA Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SuperstarKimB Instagram: https://instagram.com/KimBmusic Mixcloud: https://www.mixcloud.com/DJ_KimB/ Website: http://kimbmusic.com/ For Business & Booking Inquiries: KimB@MDMEntertainment.com Trap Rap Trap & Rap Trap Music Trap Mix 2019 ***NO COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT INTENDED***
Female Pop Mini Mix
DJ Kim B. | Wedding DJ Songs
DJing for a wedding at the Adler Planetarium. LISTEN: https://www.mixcloud.com/DJ_KimB/ FOLLOW: https://instagram.com/KimBmusic LIKE: https://www.facebook.com/SuperstarKimB EMAIL: KimB@MDMEntertainment.com ***NO COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT INTENDED*** "This video uses copyrighted material in a manner that does not require approval of the copyright holder. It is a fair use under copyright law. "quotation of excerpts in a review or criticism for purposes of illustration or comment; quotation of short passages in a scholarly or technical work, for illustration or clarification of the author's observations; use in a parody of some of the content of the work parodied; summary of an address or article, with brief quotations, in a news report; reproduction by a library of a portion of a work to replace part of a damaged copy; reproduction by a teacher or student of a small part of a work to illustrate a lesson; reproduction of a work in legislative or judicial proceedings or reports; incidental and fortuitous reproduction, in a newsreel or broadcast, of a work located in the scene of an event being reported.
Kim B. - One on One (Always)
Music video for One on One (Always) performed by Kim B. . Site: http://www.Kimbmusic.com Twitter: https://twitter.com/KimBmusic Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SuperstarKimB Instagram: https://instagram.com/KimBmusic Copyright (C) 2015 Kimberly Bennett/Donovan Jarvis. --- Powered by http://www.vydia.com http://vevo.ly/dmgNOk
Kim B. "Permission [Beyonce Partition Remix] & Dressed to Kill" (LIVE from On the Wall - Aurora, IL)
Get my MixTape for FREE: http://kimbworld.com/ Download PHASE 3 at http://kimbmusic.com/shop iTunes: hyperurl.co/z5zfxk Google Play: hyperurl.co/krb34h Amazon: hyperurl.co/jtnagq Join Kim B. Online https://www.facebook.com/SuperstarKimB SnapChat: KimBmusic https://instagram.com/KimBmusic https://twitter.com/KimBmusic http://kimbmusic.com/ ***NO COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT INTENDED*** "This video uses copyrighted material in a manner that does not require approval of the copyright holder. It is a fair use under copyright law. "quotation of excerpts in a review or criticism for purposes of illustration or comment; quotation of short passages in a scholarly or technical work, for illustration or clarification of the author's observations; use in a parody of some of the content of the work parodied; summary of an address or article, with brief quotations, in a news report; reproduction by a library of a portion of a work to replace part of a damaged copy; reproduction by a teacher or student of a small part of a work to illustrate a lesson; reproduction of a work in legislative or judicial proceedings or reports; incidental and fortuitous reproduction, in a newsreel or broadcast, of a work located in the scene of an event being reported.
Zapp & Roger - More Bounce to the Ounce - Dance Freestyle
Get my Mixtape for FREE when you Join my Clique! http://kimbworld.com/ Connect with me Online: http://kimbmusic.com/ https://www.facebook.com/SuperstarKimB https://instagram.com/KimBmusic https://twitter.com/KimBmusic ***NO COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT INTENDED*** "This video uses copyrighted material in a manner that does not require approval of the copyright holder. It is a fair use under copyright law. "quotation of excerpts in a review or criticism for purposes of illustration or comment; quotation of short passages in a scholarly or technical work, for illustration or clarification of the author's observations; use in a parody of some of the content of the work parodied; summary of an address or article, with brief quotations, in a news report; reproduction by a library of a portion of a work to replace part of a damaged copy; reproduction by a teacher or student of a small part of a work to illustrate a lesson; reproduction of a work in legislative or judicial proceedings or reports; incidental and fortuitous reproduction, in a newsreel or broadcast, of a work located in the scene of an event being reported.
Kim B. Listening Party for "Phase 3" EP
Buy Kim B. New "Phase 3" EP: http://kimbmusic.com/store Join the Kim B. Clique and get Free Music: http://kimbworld.com/ Follow Kim B! https://www.facebook.com/SuperstarKimB https://instagram.com/KimBmusic https://twitter.com/KimBmusic Email: KimBmusic@gmail.com Website: KimBmusic.com *Special Thanks to Gremlen Studios for the location and CalVisions for the Videography.
Kim B. Full Interview | The Edge on Air - BucksTown Radio
Download PHASE 3 at http://kimbmusic.com/store iTunes: hyperurl.co/z5zfxk Google Play: hyperurl.co/krb34h Amazon: hyperurl.co/jtnagq Join Kim B. Online http://kimbmusic.com/ https://www.facebook.com/SuperstarKimB https://instagram.com/KimBmusic https://twitter.com/KimBmusic
Subscribe to the Official Kim B. Youtube Channel for more videos!
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Preview "Phase 3" EP
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3. One On One (Always)
1. The Anthem
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5. I Thought I Was The One
6. One On One (Always)[Club Mix]
4. Forever Lovin'
Please Help me Continue to Impact Lives Through Music. Donations of Appreciation are Welcome. Thank You!
© 2020 — Kim B.


« Heroscape – A Use for the Minis!
Well I've had nothing but rotten results with using spray primers and sealers, with the end result that my first 3 miniatures all have a slightly fuzzy and filmy look to them now. After reading up it appears to be the result of the humidity where I live, in Central Florida. I tried some advice I read which said the effects could be lessened by leaving the can of aerosol and the mini outside for several hours so they acclimate to the natural humidity outside, and while the results weren't as bad as before when I didn't do this, they still were not good.
So, I'm facing the fact that as long as I live in Florida, where humidity is almost always over 75-80%, I'm going to have to use brush-on primer and sealer.
Someone over at Ars Technica recommended an article that talks about a specific kind of primer called gesso. Sounds interesting! Too bad I just purchased some Reaper primer. Ah well, when it's running low I'll give the Liquitex Gesso a go.


Huawei announced the launch of its Ascend P6 Android smartphone for the South African market at an event in Sandton today (15 August 2013).
This comes after the Chinese smartphone maker revealed in June 2013 that it plans to launch its flagship Android device in SA during August at an estimated retail price of R5,000.
The device features Huawei's Emotion UI running atop Android 4.2.2 Jelly Bean on a 1.5GHz quad core prrocessor.
It further boasts an 8 megapixel (MP) rear camera and 5MP front-facing camera, housed in a slim 6.18mm-thick body encasing a 4.7-inch 720p display.
The Ascend P6 comes in black and white, and Huawei said that a pink version will be launching in time for summer.
It goes on sale in MTN stores tomorrow (Friday, 16 August 2013), and will be available through Cell C and Vodacom in September.
Update: A Huawei spokesperson has confirmed that the device will cost R229 per month on an Anytime 100 contract. The first 618 customers will receive a R618 voucher from MTN. MTN is not expected to sell the device without a contract, but Huawei expects the cash price to be under R6,000.


Array has several methods for filtering, mapping, and folding. If we forget to write return statement in a callback of those, it's probably a mistake. If you don't want to use a return or don't need the returned results, consider using .forEach instead.
This rule enforces usage of return statement in callbacks of array's methods.
This rule finds callback functions of the following methods, then checks usage of return statement.
And above of typed arrays.
"allowImplicit": false (default) When set to true, allows implicitly returning undefined with a return statement containing no expression.
This rule checks callback functions of methods with the given names, even if the object which has the method is not an array.
If you don't want to warn about usage of return statement in callbacks of array's methods, then it's safe to disable this rule.
This rule was introduced in ESLint 2.0.0-alpha-1.


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Viral Star Wars comic may solve a mystery Rise of Skywalker never did
A major lightsaber plot hole will finally be resolved.
Mae Abdulbaki
Now that the book has closed on the Star Wars' sequel trilogy, one of the biggest mysteries remaining is how Maz Kanata got hold of Luke Skywalker's blue lightsaber. While Rey took the blade to be buried on Tatooine at the end of Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker, the weapon's journey before The Force Awakens is a big question mark. However, a new Star Wars comic may hold the key to solving the mystery of Luke's lightsaber in a way that Rise of Skywalker never did.
It's not an exaggeration to say that Luke's blue lightsaber has had a long and arduous journey. Gifted to him by Obi-Wan Kenobi, the famous weapon once belonged to Anakin. Luke trains and fights with the weapon throughout the original trilogy.
Luke loses his right hand and his lightsaber in one fell swoop. Lucasfilm
However, when Luke fights Darth Vader in Cloud City on Bespin in Empire Strikes Back, he loses the lightsaber along with his right hand, sliced clean off by his father. The lightsaber falls down a shaft, never to be seen again… for a while, anyway. Luke's blue lightsaber doesn't reemerge until Maz Kanata gifts it to Rey in The Force Awakens. But, how did it get there? Neither The Last Jedi or Episode IX offer an explanation for how Maz got a hold of it, but Marvel's Star Wars #2 comic book might hint at the answer.
Star Wars #2 takes place shortly after Luke's lightsaber goes missing. Wanting to get back to Cloud City but knowing the Rebels won't let him, Lando Calrissian appeals to the Jedi, who's lost some of his connection to the Force. However, Luke is unwilling to return to Cloud City after dueling Darth Vader, but Lando argues that he will help Luke find his lost lightsaber. In fact, if he assists him in getting to Cloud City, Lando will reveal where Luke's saber "ended up when it fell."
As soon as Lando makes the offer, though, Luke senses something and the comic panel reveals that Luke's blue lightsaber didn't just keep falling, but was caught by an unknown figure who calls out to Luke through the Force with a message to "follow your destiny." Check out some of the panels from Star Wars #2 below!
Lando asks Luke to take him to Cloud City in exchange for information about his lightsaber. Marvel
A mysterious figure has gotten hold of Luke's lightsaber before he gets back to Cloud City, though. Marvel
The comic panel made its way to Reddit, where it attracted lots of attention. After all, the whereabouts of Luke's lightsaber were believed to remain unknown. With the person's face hidden in shadow, it's hard to tell who it could be or even if it's a man or a woman. Could it be the Force ghost of Qui-Gon Jinn who's caught the lightsaber? The Jedi was very into destiny, after all. Or is it the Force ghost of Obi-Wan Kenobi?
Perhaps it's not a Force ghost at all, but someone Luke doesn't already know. Whoever it is, it's definitely not Maz Kanata though. With Lando and Luke possibly headed back to Cloud City, it seems Star Wars #3 will offer some more insight into who is in possession of the lightsaber and whether he ever gets it back. Whatever the case, the comic finally offers fans some answers.
Star Wars #2 is written by Charles Soule, with art by Jesús Saiz and is available now.
The Last Jedi's greatest innovation was actually JJ Abrams' idea
By Dais Johnston
The Mandalorian Season 3 will finally solve a huge Star Wars mystery
With Mandalorian Season 3, Star Wars is repeating Marvel's worst sin
By Jake Kleinman

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Yabucoa Housing Project, Yabucoa Volunteers of America Elderly Housing, Inc., Yabucoa, PR, Section 202 Supportive Housing for the Elderly Program
We audited the Yabucoa Volunteers of America Elderly Housing, Inc., Section 202 Supportive Housing for the Elderly Program. We selected the Yabucoa housing project for review based on concerns regarding the slow progress of the project as noted during the audit of the Puerto Rico Department of Housing multifamily special escrow funds. The objective of this audit was to determine whether Volunteers used Section 202 funds in accordan
The Municipality of San Juan, PR, Did Not Always Administer Its Emergency Solutions Grants Program in Accordance With HUD Requirements
We audited the Municipality of San Juan's Emergency Solutions Grant (ESG) program. We selected the Municipality for review as part of our strategic plan based on the large amount of ESG funds approved and because the U.S.
San Sebastian Fine Arts Center, Office of the Commissioner for Municipal Affairs, San Juan, PR, State Block Grant Program
We audited the Office of the Commissioner for Municipal Affairs' (OCMA) Puerto Rico State Community Development Block Grant program. We selected OCMA for review based on concerns regarding the slow progress of the Municipality of San Sebastian's fine arts center. The objective of this audit was to determine whether OCMA effectively used State Block Grant funds on a fine arts center that met a national objective of the program and f
The Puerto Rico Department of Housing, San Juan, PR, Did Not Properly Administer Its Multifamily Special Escrow Funds
We audited the Puerto Rico Department of Housing's multifamily special escrow funds. This audit was the result of a referral from the San Juan Office of Multifamily Housing Programs. The objectives of the audit were to determine whether the Department administered and disbursed its escrow funds in accordance with its memorandum of understanding with the U.S.
The Municipality of Bayamon, PR, Did Not Always Ensure Compliance With HUD Program Requirements
We audited the Municipality of Bayamon's Emergency Shelter Grants and Emergency Solutions Grants programs. We selected this auditee based on congressional and hotline complaints alleging that the Municipality improperly used Emergency funds to transport people from Puerto Rico to mainland U.S.
The Puerto Rico Department of Housing, San Juan, PR, Did Not Adequately Enforce HUD's Housing Quality Standards
We audited the Puerto Rico Department of Housing's Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher program's housing quality standards as part of the activities in our fiscal year 2014 audit plan. We selected the Department because it had a large program receiving more than $54 million in 2014. Our main audit objective was to determine whether the Department's inspection process adequately ensured that its units complied with the U.S.
The Municipality of Toa Alta, PR, Did Not Properly Administer Its Section 108 Loan Guarantee Program
We audited the Municipality of Toa Alta's Section 108 Loan Guarantee program. This audit was the result of a referral from the San Juan Office of Community Planning and Development. The objectives of the audit were to determine whether program funds were effectively used to meet a Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program national objective and provide the intended benefits and whether the Municipality complied with loan app
The Office of the Commissioner for Municipal Affairs Needs To Make Improvements in Administering Its Section 108 Loan Guarantee Program
We audited the Office of the Commissioner for Municipal Affairs' Section 108 Loan Guarantee program as part of our strategic plan and based on the deficiencies noted during our recent review of Municipal Affairs' Section 108 Loan Guarantee program, concerning the slow progress of the Vieques Sports Complex project (Audit memorandum number 2014-AT-1801, issued March 20, 2014). The objectives of the audit were to determine whether Sec
HUD's Monitoring of the Vieques Sports City Complex's Section 108 Loan Guarantee Program
We reviewed HUD's San Juan, PR, Office of Community Planning and Development's monitoring of the Vieques, PR, Sports City Complex project. The review was performed based on indicators identified in the audit of the Vieques Sports City Complex, Office of the Commissioner for Municipal Affairs' (OCMA) Puerto Rico State Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Section 108 Loan Guarantee program. More than 11 years had elapsed since HU
The Municipality of Carolina Did Not Properly Administer Its HOME Program
We audited the Municipality of Carolina's HOME Investment Partnerships Program as part of our strategic plan, based on the amount of HOME funds approved. The objectives of the audit were to determine whether HOME-funded activities met program objectives, home buyers complied with HOME's primary residency requirement for the duration of the period of affordability, and the Municipality maintained a financial management system in comp
Community Improvement (15)
Rental Assistance (4)
For Families (3)
Community Grants (2)
Community Planning and Development (15)
Housing and FHA (2)
Ginnie Mae (1)
Public and Indian Housing (8)
(-) pr (34)
ri (10)
tx (105)
wy (10)


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Can Kentucky attain perfection that eluded others?
Can Wildcats become first unbeaten team since '76 Hoosiers?
Can Kentucky attain perfection that eluded others? Can Wildcats become first unbeaten team since '76 Hoosiers? Check out this story on IndyStar.com: https://indy.st/1IUCqtN
Kyle Tucker, The Courier-Journal Published 11:51 a.m. ET April 2, 2015 | Updated 5:29 p.m. ET April 3, 2015
Kentucky players celebrate after a 68-66 win over Notre Dame in a college basketball game in the NCAA men's tournament regional finals, Saturday, March 28, 2015, in Cleveland. The 38-0 Wildcats advanced to the Final Four.(Photo: Tony Dejak, AP)
LEXINGTON, Ky. – After Kentucky's frantic comeback and narrow escape of Notre Dame in the Midwest Regional final last week, a mad scramble that many of the players described as "desperation," the Wildcats tried to imagine how they would have felt if a previously perfect season had come to a sudden, screeching halt.
Junior Willie Cauley-Stein figured it would've laid him as low as the first-round NIT loss at Robert Morris two years earlier, putting a fine point on the pain that would come if Kentucky can't finish this thing. The Cats had scares before, during the regular season, but a loss in any of those would not have been the end.
"Different feeling," point guard Tyler Ulis said after watching the Fighting Irish miss a winning try at the buzzer. "If we lost, we would be heartbroken right now, in here probably crying, and we don't want that feeling at all."
No, the Wildcats, who are now 38-0 and just two wins at the Final Four away from recording the first undefeated season at this sport's top collegiate level in 39 years, do not want that feeling.
Take 1979 Indiana State and 1991 UNLV's word for it. They are college basketball's kings of almost.
Since unbeaten Indiana in 1976, those Sycamores and Runnin' Rebels are the only other teams to enter the Final Four without a loss. Led by Larry Bird, Indiana State got all the way to the NCAA title game with a 33-0 record before falling to Magic Johnson and Michigan State.
"To lose the very last game, it stunned us. It stunned all of us," said Alex Gilbert, the starting center for the Sycamores back then. "We were all sitting on the bench just in disbelief. We didn't think we could lose. Not like we had this great ego or anything. We just expected to win that game. It was hard to comprehend that we had lost. It was a strange thing."
Losing always stings, but even more so when you've forgotten how and double that when the first one is also the last. UNLV had a 34-0 record and 45-game winning streak as the defending national champion heading into the 1991 Final Four.
UNLV's Anderson Hunt (12) and unidentified teammates leave the floor after losing to Duke in the NCAA national semi-final game in Indianapolis, March 30, 1991. Duke defeated UNLV. (Photo: AP)
The Rebels were playing a Duke team they'd demolished by 30 points in the NCAA title game a year earlier. So you'll have to forgive their foggy memories about what happened next when, in a stunner, they lost the rematch by two points and perfection was once again denied.
"I can't remember anything, because nobody could believe what just happened," said Evric Gray, a forward on that UNLV team. "There were some tears. It was real quiet. Like, it was so surreal that nobody really said anything."
The shock for those Rebels was in part because they'd pretty well destroyed the competition all year. Their average margin of victory during the regular season was 29 points and only twice — on the road against a top-five Arkansas team and in the NCAA tournament against Georgetown — did an opponent come within single digits.
UNLV still won those games by seven and eight points, respectively. So when the Blue Devils were suddenly running stride for stride with the Rebels, "we'd never been in that situation," Gray remembers. "We were never really tested until the Duke game."
This Kentucky team has been. It survived Ole Miss in overtime and Texas A&M in two overtimes on the road. LSU had a shot in the air at the end that would've beaten the Wildcats in Baton Rouge, La. Georgia led UK by nine points with nine minutes to go in Athens, Ga.
Some point to those outcomes, and the Notre Dame nail-biter, as proof the Cats can be had. They see it another way.
"You have to prove you know how to win tough games to be a great team," shooting guard Aaron Harrison said. "I think the close calls that we have had this season, they helped us in the last game. I think it's made us a stronger team going through close games like that, not weaker."
UNLV coach Dave Rice, who was a senior reserve on the '91 team, agrees. It might've been useful for those Rebels to have been pushed once in a while.
"Without question, absolutely, it has helped them," Rice said. "Going through it all before, it's extremely helpful. I think if they'd lost a game, it would've taken the pressure off, but the other side of it is they've figured out how not to lose. And if they're able to finish this, be the only undefeated team ever to go 40-0, it'll be a phenomenal achievement. That's legacy stuff."
The thing is, with every step closer to it, the weight of that potentially historic achievement feels a little heavier. Members of both the '79 Indiana State and '91 UNLV teams can attest to that.
"That's stuff that lasts forever," Rice said. "I believe members of your program are aware of that, and it adds to the pressure, and it would make it that much more remarkable if they handle all that and win these next two games."
Gilbert said he and many of the Sycamores got fairly deep into their special season before they even really thought about the prospect of running the table.
"You don't pay attention to the number," he said. "We didn't realize how big a deal it was until we got to the Final Four. That's when the reporters started asking you all the questions. So it gets in your head. It's around now — right now, this week — leading up to that championship game."
Gray said the Rebels started to feel like "a traveling rock band," and he believes Kentucky is surely experiencing the same. How the Wildcats handle it over the next few days will determine their legacy.
Interestingly, Michigan State and Duke, the two teams that ended Indiana State and UNLV's bids at perfection, are playing in the semifinal opposite UK. Beat Wisconsin on Saturday night and one of those teams will be waiting. The Final Four is also in Indianapolis, where the Blue Devils beat the Rebels.
"That's the crazy part," Gray said. "If they actually meet, you know that's going to be a story: Can they do it again?"
If it's the Spartans, Gilbert won't be able to watch. Magic Johnson is still there, front and center, supporting Michigan State. It turns Gilbert's stomach. He once rejected free tickets to a Final Four because Magic and the Spartans would be there.
"I'd never go watch them play," Gilbert said. "I just won't. I just can't. Can't let go of that."
If the Wildcats are trying to imagine what a loss now would feel like, there it is.


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NFL rumors: Patriots to interview Shawn Jefferson for offensive coordinator job
Nick Goss
Report: Patriots to interview Shawn Jefferson for OC job originally appeared on NBC Sports Boston
The list of people who will interview for the New England Patriots' offensive coordinator job is growing.
Josina Anderson reported Thursday morning that Arizona Cardinals associate head coach and wide receivers coach Shawn Jefferson will interview for the role.
Jefferson joins Minnesota Vikings wide receivers coach Keenan McCardell, University of Oregon associate head coach and offensive line coach Adrian Klemm and Patriots tight ends coach Nick Caley as people who reportedly have, or will soon interview for this OC job. Jefferson, McCardell and Klemm have all played under Patriots head coach Bill Belichick during his coaching career.
Jefferson was with Belichick and the Patriots in 1996. Belichick was the assistant head coach and defensive backs coach under head coach Bill Parcells. Belichick went with Parcells to the New York Jets after the 1996 campaign. Jefferson played in New England from 1996 through 1999.
Jefferson's coaching career began with the Detroit Lions in 2006. He's been a member of the Cardinals staff since 2021.
Bill O'Brien is the "primary target" for the Patriots regarding their OC job, our Tom E. Curran reported earlier this week. But it looks like the Patriots will bring in several different candidates for interviews.
Mike Golic swats the idea of trading Justin Fields to draft a QB
The idea of trading Bears quarterback Justin Fields this offseason for the chance to start over and draft a quarterback with the No. 1 pick in the draft has surfaced this offseason. Mike Golic is here to deny the idea.
Eagles announce uniform combination for NFC Championship Game vs. 49ers
The Philadelphia Eagles announce the uniform combination for the NFC Championship Game vs. the San Francisco 49ers
Former Lions LB Jessie Lemonier dead at 25
Lemonier spent time with the Chargers and Cardinals as well.
Fort Worth Star-Telegram
Dallas Cowboys' reality: Dak Prescott isn't going anywhere. He needs serious help
Given Dak Prescott's contract, he's not going anywhere — and it's up to the Cowboys to give him assistance


Proving that the latest generation of solid state drives is faster and less expensive than its predecessor, the Crucial M4 SSD boosts read and write performance.
Solid state drives have had their share of ups and downs in the past few years. Although SSDs are definitely faster than their mechanical counterparts, they've yet to live up to the performance their specifications suggest. What's more, they can be at least eight to 10 times as expensive as their mechanical equivalents, putting them out of range for the lower end consumer market.
Periodically, though, new SSDs are released that incrementally raise the performance bar while lowering the price barrier. The latest in the series of evolved drives is the Crucial M4 (also called the Micron C400 - Micron Technology is Crucial Technology's parent company).
Micron builds its own chips for the Crucial M4 using a 25mm die. This is important for two reasons. First, the shorter the internal pathways are inside a chip, the faster data moves without actually changing the speed at which the chip operates (if you can walk 4 miles per hour, it will only take you a half hour to walk two miles).
The second is a simple matter of probabilities: In every fabrication process, a certain number of the chips on a wafer are bad. The more chips a manufacturer can build on a wafer, the higher the yield of good chips it can produce at the same cost. This means it can lower the price per chip because of the better yield, offering the buyer both speed and price improvements over its predecessor.
Regarding price, the Crucial M4 comes in three versions: 64GB (around £89), 128GB (around £169) and 256GB (£349). Those are the retail prices, I reviewed the 256GB model.
This may seem expensive when you can buy a 3TB mechanical hard drive for half the price. However, if you compare it to other 256GB SSDs, you'll find that the Crucial M4's suggested retail price is competitive with Kingston's SSDNow V100 and Corsair's Performance 3 Series.
I first tested the Crucial M4 with the HD Tach benchmark and wasn't impressed by its performance profile. Neither the sequential read speeds nor the burst speeds gave it more than a nominal advantage over the most recent generation of SSDs.
It's important to mention, that HD Tach is an old, tried and true test. However, because it's old, it might not be the best performance indicator for an SSD.
I then tested the Crucial M4 using FutureMark's PCMark Vantage benchmark, which measures performance in 64-bit systems. In this venue, the M4 racked up a 28,668 result, which is nearly 50% higher than SSDs I've tested in the past.
The final series of tests were from ATTO Technology's Disk Benchmark, which measures a storage system's performance with various data packet transfer sizes and run lengths for reads and writes.
Typically, hard drives of any ilk will show a significant preference for reads over writes. This dates back to data handling for transactional databases, where it's more important to retrieve information and have it on the screen while talking to a customer than it is to write data back to the drive. Today, especially for mainstream drives, writes have increased in importance for video and graphic rendering and for music, video and image uploads.
According to the ATTO results, the M4 is more balanced in its read/write performance than the last generation of SSDs. There's still a read preference, but Crucial has done a better job of equalizing the performance between its read and write operations than I've seen in the past.
If you're looking to upgrade your drive or drive array, it's important to know that you're getting a better bang for the buck. I compared the Crucial M4's test results against those from last year's 256GB Western Digital SiliconEdge Blue (representing the previous generation of SSDs) and found that the M4 is significantly faster.
As for its place among the current generation of SSDs, that's a bit more difficult to determine. SSDs within the same generation and price bracket as the M4 would probably only show incremental differences at best. It would be an important comparison if you needed absolute maximum performance, but generally, testing for this would be an intellectual exercise outside of that parameter.
The Crucial M4 has significantly increased the performance gap between it and the previous generation of SSDs. And by pushing write performance for video capture and editing, graphical imaging, etc., the M4 provides an economical option for disk intensive environments.


If you are tired of the hot, sweaty summers, you are probably considering purchasing air conditioners for your home. However, before you head to the store and make your purchase, there are a few factors that you will need to take into consideration. Apart from the obvious factor, which is the price, you will also need to consider such as the size of the room that you are buying the unit for and wherein the place you plan to have it located and the type of air conditioners you want to buy. To be satisfied with the air conditioner that you choose to buy, you will need to bear all these factors in mind.
It is essential for you to know the room or rooms that you are buying the air conditions for. The size of the room will significantly impact your choice, as the more significant the place then, the more powerful a unit you will need to allow efficient cooling of the room. The BTU or British thermal unit of air conditioners will give you an indication as to the ability of the air conditioner to cool a room. It's not wise to choose the group with the highest number as this may be too cold for you even at its lowest setting, also the more senior the BTU, the more expensive. To cool a small room 8,000 to 10,000 BTU is just fine, however, to cool a floor or a house, try getting a 20,000 BTU unit.
Another number to watch out for is the EER or the Energy Efficiency Ratio, this indicates how much your air conditioner will cost you to operate. The higher the EES, the less you will spend to run it, unfortunately, the more senior the EER, the more the unit will cost; so you will have to strike a balance. If you will be using your A/C unit for the whole day every day and you plan on having it for a long time, then it makes more sense to buy one with a high EES. It will cost you less in the long run. However, if you only plan on using it in only in the summer, then air conditioners with a low EER will be just fine.
Before going to the store, do some online research to see what other persons are saying about various brands of air conditioners on the market, to get an idea of what you want. Also, it's best to buy air conditioners during an offseason to escape the high prices which tend to rise as the heat rises. Also, shop around to get the best deal available.


text:
La Cámara Argentina de Comercio Electrónico (CACE) es una asociación civil sin fines de lucro y organización patronal argentina creada en 1999 con el objetivo de divulgar y promover el uso de las nuevas tecnologías aplicadas al trabajo y los negocios, las comunicaciones, el comercio y los negocios electrónicos.
CACE lleva adelante las iniciativas de Hot Sale  y de CyberMonday  en Argentina.

En Argentina el equipo de Carlos Mazalán, de Mazalán Comunicaciones es su agencia de relaciones públicas y donde los medios pueden recibir información y estar actualizados.

Referencias

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Despite increased competition for audience attention in general and cinema screens in particular, the number of feature films produced in Europe and the US continues to grow. It is not expected to shrink significantly in the next 3-5 years. Among the reasons are new tax incentives and increasing investment from new platform media companies, but also the impact of real democratization of production technologies and to some degree of funding.
While this swell of cinema in theory allows a wider range of voices to be heard, in practice it makes it very difficult even for excellent work – of which there is arguably a lot – to find an audience, as there is no equivalent surge of innovation in distribution and audience relations. It also means that bad or irrelevant work has almost no chance to be seen. While it seems clear that public funds should be redirected from the latter categories either towards more deserving feature projects, or towards the production of excellent film content in other formats or for other platforms, this is currently not politically possible. A change like that might also exacerbate the already difficult career paths especially of directors in a marketplace where films by unknowns are very difficult to fund or sell.
On the next 3-5 years, all exhibitors will need to focus on the customer experience to stay competitive, but this can look very different depending on their type. On the one hand, we are seeing the emergence of a technologically oriented cinema optimized for experiencing blockbuster fare. On the other hand, we are seeing a focus on human interactions and live performance – so called "live cinema" – as a rapidly developing segment of the exhibition sector, helping audiences both new and old to build relationships with institutions and curators. These ostensibly very different styles of exhibition have in common that they are immersive, allowing the viewers to place themselves socially or physically inside the story, or to engage with its themes together. The social aspect is also at the heart of the growing market for film festivals aimed at general audiences.
Another approach to eventizing movies is just to make the cinemas a lot nicer, with better chairs, better concessions, food and alcohol, increasing cinema's appeal to, for instance, grownups on dates. This strategy is working well both in mainstream and arthouse environments. At the extreme end are the dedicated luxury cinemas, offering experiences like butler service, Tempur mattresses, or massages.
While the future looks bright for movie theatres big and small, the sheer number of feature premieres means a theatrical window is not feasible even for all quality films – not even on the festival circuit. There is certainly room in the VOD marketplace for both strong curation and dedicated film libraries, but among the pieces missing from the distribution puzzle are still business models for social or distributed digital premieres.
A complete digital transformation of the small screen landscape seems inevitable and will probably happen relatively fast since audiences neither understand nor much care about business models or back-end technologies. As we discussed last year, the end result will probably look something like TV has for the past few decades, with consumers paying one or a few separate bills to services aggregating OTT content. Viewers are, however, likely to be allowed to pick their packaged channels more selectively than before.
The revenue streams will of course be radically different from the current models. Mergers and acquisitions are likely to continue as the biggest players scramble to establish dominance throughout the value chain. In the US, studios and networks are eyeing a future after affiliate fees and syndication fees, and considering whether owning the viewer relationship directly could provide a similar amount of revenue. Similarly, it seems feasible that a major technology company could purchase a major studio. If antitrust regulation is relaxed under the Trump administration, as net neutrality rules almost certainly will be, the media landscape is regardless likely to consolidate dramatically during the next four years. Changes in the US entertainment industry have global ripple effects. It is also likely that the cultural importance of US content specifically will diminish in the long term, a tendency that could be accelerated by isolationist policies.
In the next 3-5 years, the fundamental grammar of VR storytelling will finally be developed, and the real leaps will happen once the production tools are more widely available. Some standardisation will help focus a splintered marketplace. Investment in "VR cinemas" today should be viewed as tests – exhibitors preparing for a coming generation of the technology that may not be easily available in homes. In the short run we are also likely to see a brief exclusive "theatrical" window for VR.


Inbound Links have always been an important part of Search Engine Optimization (SEO). To acquire more Links faster, some businesses buy Links or try to manufacture artificial Link earning rather than committing to a long term Link earning strategy. These quick fix solutions are no longer effective. Search engines are always evolving and such practices are now easily detected and sometimes penalized.
There are multiple ways to legitimately acquire Links. An Inbound Link is an external reference to your website from an outside source (like another website or directory). You receive Inbound Links when another site mentions you and/or Links to your site. Search engines' view these Links like votes or endorsements from sources outside your company or website.
Links are a major component in determining website rankings and results. Just like Link endorsements from people, Inbound Links have a different value based on the credibility of the source. So, high quality Inbound Links, like reviews, get more credit (or more votes) than a mention on another local website. The more high quality Inbound Links you have, the more visible your website content is.
While Links are part of Google's search engine ranking process (algorithm) they use many other factors as well. Just focusing only on Links will probably cause more concerns for your website than they actually help. Google's algorithms have improved its ability to detect manipulative low-quality Links.
Links are still a major part of the ranking algorithm, just not the only one. Links still have a role to play now and in the future. They are still essential for search engine robots to crawl and index. As long as you build Links with an emphasis on content and authenticity, you will be fine.
Contact us today to learn more about Link building.


Lesson 1: What is climate change? A basic introduction to climate change, introducing important terms.
Discussion Question: Describe 3 factors that affect the Earth's climate.
Quiz: Module 1: Lesson 1.
Lesson 2: Has the climate always been changing, or is this a new phenomenon? What distinguishes the current rapid global warming from historic climate changes?
Quiz: Module 1: Lesson 2.
Lesson 3: What are the causes of climate change? Learn about human activities that have caused the sudden and dramatic changes.
Quiz: Module 1: Lesson 3.
Lesson 1: How will climate change affect human health? Learn about ways that climate change is currently affecting human health, and predictions for future public health effects.
Quiz: Module 2: Lesson 1.
Quiz: Module 2: Lesson 2.
Chapter 5. Analyzing regional aspects of climate change and water resources.
Lesson 3: How can we protect human health from the effects of climate change? Learn about how to improve public health outcomes.
Quiz: Module 2: Lesson 3.
Lesson 1: How do we make predictions about climate change? Learn about terminology, models, and methodologies.
Projections of future climate change.
Quiz: Module 3: Lesson 1.
Lesson 2: How can we communicate effectively about climate change? Learn how to convey messages to the public and overcoming potential resistance.
Quiz: Module 3: Lesson 2.
Lesson 1: What can we do to adapt to climate change? What we can do to live with the effects of climate change that have already occurred?
Climate change and human health - Risks and responses.
Quiz: Module 4: Lesson 1.
Lesson 2: How do specific groups adapt to climate change? What we can learn from each other about how to adapt to climate change?
National Adaptation Programmes of Action: Summary of projects on health identified in submitted NaPAs as of September 2008.
Quiz: Module 4: Lesson 2.
Lesson 3: How can we mitigate the effects of climate change? Learn about actions we can take to stop global warming from getting worse.
Quiz: Module 4: Lesson 3.
This Climate Change and Health Certificate course teaches about the effects of climate change on human health (through online didactics), and gives a chance to practice techniques to reduce those effects (with globally-available peers and mentors). All components of this training (like all NextGenU.org trainings) are free, including registration, learning, testing, and a certificate of completion.
There are 4 modules to complete through online study and peer-to-peer activities. These modules provide a basic introduction to the science of climate change, an overview of how climate change is affecting public health, some strategies to predict and communicate climate change, and suggestions on how we can adapt to and mitigate the effects of climate change.
There are practice quizzes in each module, and at the end of the course you'll have a final exam, and a chance to give your assessment of this training. We will give you all the results of your assessments, such as your final exam and peer activities. We can report your testing information and share your work with anyone (your school, employer, etc.) that you request. We hope this is a wonderful learning experience for you, and the assessment that you provide at the course's conclusion will help us improve the training for future students.
This course is co-sponsored by: Physicians for Social Responsibility, 350.org, International Society of Doctors for the Environment, George Mason University Center for Climate Change Communication, and Health Care Without Harm. This course uses adapted competencies on climate change and health recommended by the World Health Organization and the World Medical Association, and uses resources from accredited, world-class organizations such as the Harvard Medical School Center for Health and the Global Environment, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Meteorological Organization. The course developer is Erica Frank, MD, MPH, and our Advisory Group is: Robert Gould, MD; Thomas L. Hall, MD, DrPH; Edward Maibach, MPH, PhD; and Bill McKibben. We gratefully acknowledge major contributions from: Dr. Mike Benusic; Ms. Yasmin Kassam; Dr. Max Pensel; and Dr. Caroline Walker.
After reading the resources and participating in the activities for this module, you will understand the difference between climate and weather. You will also learn about how burning petroleum-based fuels, maintaining coal-burning factories, and other human activities have created a greenhouse effect that is warming the planet. You will gain a longer historical perspective, understanding how recent global warming trends differ from climatic changes of the past, especially in their marked rapidity. Module 1 consists of 3 lessons, each with resources, activities and quizzes.
What is climate change? A basic introduction to climate change, introducing important terms.
Has the climate always been changing, or is this a new phenomenon? What distinguishes the current rapid global warming from historic climate changes?
What are the causes of climate change? Learn about human activities that have caused the sudden and dramatic changes.
Review these slides to see an image for each fact. Read each of the ten facts closely, and consider how the picture and the facts relate.
Read FAQs 1.2 and 3.1-5.1 to understand the relationship between climate and weather, and to learn more about changes in temperature, precipitation, snow and ice, and sea levels. As you read through this document, make sure you understand any new terms, since you may encounter such language frequently in this course. This resource may take some time to download, but it is used frequently, so please be patient.
This resource will be used in future lessons, so you may wish to keep it open.
Read pp. 30-33, sections 1.1 and 1.2 to understand the evidence for observed effects of climate change. It is important to distinguish varying levels of statistical certainty (high confidence, medium confidence, likelihood) about the evidence for climate changes and their effects.
5. Quiz: Module 1: Lesson 1.
Watch this video to gain perspective on the history of climate change science. You will learn how pioneering scientists in the 1800s and 1900s studied fundamental questions about the causes and effects of global climate change.
Read FAQs 6.1 and 6.2, which provide a background on historical climate change prior to the industrial era. It is particularly important to understand that although climate change is not a new phenomenon, past changes are different from future climate change events.
Read pages 24-30 in Chapter 2 titled "Weather and climate: changing human exposures" to understand past major climate changes, and the implications of these events on future climate change. In particular, Figure 2.5 demonstrates how drastically temperatures have changed over time, and Figure 2.6 reconstructs historical temperatures up to the present. Note how quickly temperatures have changed recently, and the influence of climate change on variability.
4. Quiz: Module 1: Lesson 2.
Watch this series of videos to learn more about the numerous and widespread effects of global warming. The lecturer, Michael Oppenheimer, is the Albert G. Milbank Professor of Geosciences and International Affairs in the Woodrow Wilson School and the Department of Geosciences at Princeton University.
Watch this video to understand the preponderance of scientific evidence that climate change is occurring and that humans are the primary cause. You will also learn about the modern methods that scientists use to monitor many different aspects of Earth's climate system.
Read pp. 1-20 of this report, and be sure to review the glossary at the end for any unfamiliar terms. Through this reading, you should understand the basic mechanisms of climate, including the global water and carbon cycles. You should also note the natural variability in the climate system and how this variability is distinct from climate change phenomena. It is also important to understand human contributions to greenhouse gases, and how the greenhouse effect works.
Watch this video to understand the effects of greenhouse gases on forests.
In reading pp. 36-38, sections 2.1 and 2.2, pay close attention to understanding the magnitude of greenhouse gas emission increases since pre-industrial time. You should be able to list the main long-lived greenhouse gases after reading.
Read this article. You will learn the science behind how much the production and consumption of livestock contribute to global climate change. Livestock production and consumption create 18% of current greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, while all the rest of agriculture (everything else we do to feed people) only accounts for another 4% of GHGs -- that's how energy-inefficient livestock (especially beef and dairy) production is. If you'd like, you can link to the full FAO report here. The statistic about the 18% is on page xxi.
Read these Frequently Asked Questions about the controversy surrounding the validity and accuracy of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization's 2006 report titled "Livestock's Long Shadow." Observe the arguments selected, and consider how the author counters these arguments.
10. Quiz: Module 1: Lesson 3.
Read pages 19-24 in Chapter 2 titled "Weather and climate: changing human exposures" and closely examine the figures on pp. 20 and 23. After reading and reviewing, think about how you would 'teach' the processes behind the greenhouse effect to someone else. Note the difference between future projections of atmospheric CO2 concentrations and those of the past.
Watch this video to understand human contributions to the key greenhouse gases.
Read this entire article as an optional alternative to Global Farm Animal Production and Global Warming: Impacting and Mitigating Climate Change, which was assigned in this lesson.
How will a rapidly warming planet affect public health? After reading these resources and participating in the activities for this module, you will understand both chronic and acute public health effects of climate change, as well as indirect public health effects such as water-borne diseases and air quality. Module 2 consists of 3 lessons, each with resources, activities and quizzes.
How will climate change affect human health? Learn about ways that climate change is currently affecting human health, and predictions for future public health effects.
Who is most vulnerable? Learn about demographic groups and geographic regions who will experience greater health risk due to the effects of climate change.
How can we protect human health from the effects of climate change? Learn about how to improve public health outcomes.
Read pp. 396-415, sections 8.2-8.4, to develop a comprehensive understanding of the health effects of climate change, projections for future trends, and anticipated impacts and vulnerabilities for specific populations.
Read this article to learn about how climate change affects human health. Pay close attention to Figure 1 for a visual overview of the main pathways through which climate change can adversely impact population health. Think about how the different emission models might directly affect health in your geographical area.
Read pages133-147 as well as pages 150-152 in Chapter 7 titled "How much disease could climate change cause?" to understand burden of disease measurements, with specific predictions of climate change effects on cardiovascular mortality, water-borne diarrhoeal illnesses, malnutrition, and malaria.
Scroll down and read the section titled "Climate change and mental health" (43-48). Read this section to understand how climate change may impact mental health.
6. Quiz: Module 2: Lesson 1.
Watch this video to learn about some of the direct and indirect effects of climate change on health.
Watch this video to learn more about the effects of climate change on public health.
Read pages 215-216 and Box 10.2 in chapter 10 titled "Monitoring the health effects of climate change". This section on diarrhoeal illness (a time-series study from Lima, Peru) provides evidence for meteorological dependence of diarrhoeal illness.
Read pages 86-90 in Chapter 5 titled "Impacts on health of climate extremes" Temperature Extremes: heatwaves and cold spells to explore in greater depth both acute and chronic health effects of extreme heat and cold, including information about variable vulnerabilities of specific populations.
Browse through this report to learn about acute health effects, environmental effects, and the economic impact of the European summer heat wave of 2003.
Read this resource to learn about how climate change is affecting our ability to produce food, and what can happen as food becomes more scarce.
Read this article to learn more about the connections between climate change, armed conflict, and human health.
Browse through the interactive web page.
Create an account with Machealth using your email address, first and last name, and creating a password. You may then login to access the course titled "Extreme Heat Events." You will learn some of the key issues with regard to extreme heat events, and work through 4 case studies to apply your knowledge in practice. This course also has been accredited by the College of Family Physicians of Canada for up to 2.0 Mainpro-M1 credits for physicians and other health professionals.
Read pp.783-6, sections 19.1.2 through 19.2, to understand the criteria for selection, identification, and assessment of "key vulnerabilities."
Read Box 2.1 titled "Steps in assessing vulnerability and adaptation" (page 23). When you're done, you should be able to summarize the key steps for assessment of human health vulnerability and public health adaptation to climate change effects.
Read pp. 16-18 to understand the definitions of "vulnerability" and "adaptation."
Read pp. 2-21 to understand climate change-induced public health vulnerabilities of specific populations.
Read pages 47-51 in Chapter 3 titled "International consensus on the science of climate and health: the IPCC Third Assessment Report" for a summary of climate change's direct and indirect effects on health.
Read this entire report to understand inequities in health effects due to climate change, especially in developing countries. Although causes of climate change originate primarily from wealthier nations, poorer regions will suffer most dramatically. After you've finished reading, you should be able to discuss recommendations to improve urban health while protecting the global climate.
Read pp. 6-19 to learn about the five key steps health departments can take to conduct a climate and health vulnerability assessment, in order to assess health hazards associated with climate change.
10. Quiz: Module 2: Lesson 2.
Watch this video to learn about how real people have been affected by climate change around the world.
Read 5.1-5.8, pp. 79-113, for comprehensive analysis of regional climate change effects on water resources.
Read pp. 5-7 for a summary of public health vulnerabilities of people living in small islands, coastal regions, megacities, mountainous and polar regions. You will also learn about the special vulnerabilities of women and children, and some possible solutions for strengthening public health systems.
Read pp. 16-29 to understand planning issues for mass casualty management on national, regional, and local levels, and at the level of individual health care facilities. As you read, think about the importance of "scaling up" for an increase in climate change-related disasters, such as hurricanes and floods.
Read this report to understand how the health sector can use climate information in the planning and management of public health.
Read this report and reflect on how an increase in climate change-related weather disasters may impact disaster risk management.
Read this report on health indicators of sustainable energy and reflect on how sustainable energy policies could improve public health.
6. Quiz: Module 2: Lesson 3.
Can we predict how the climate will change in the future? After reading the resources and participating in the activities for this module, you will understand how climate scientists have modeled future climate change. Specifically, you will become familiar with the IPCC's four emissions scenarios and resulting climate change storylines. Module 3 consists of 2 lessons, each with resources, activities and quizzes.
How do we make predictions about climate change? Learn about terminology, models, and methodologies.
How can we communicate effectively about climate change? Learn how to convey messages to the public and overcoming potential resistance.
Read Projections of Climate Change and Health Impacts of Projected Climate Changes on pp. 3-5. After reading these sections, you should be able to describe projections of future climate change and identify some key health findings from the IPCC.
Read this short report about the history of climate change models and how they have evolved. View the graph on page 10, which compares observed changes to model predictions. Note that the data is continent-specific, and observe the difference in accuracy between natural forcing-only versus natural + anthropogenic forcing models.
Reading pp. 44-47, sections 3.1 and 3.2, will illuminate scenarios for projected growth of greenhouse gas emissions, and for projections of future changes in climate based on emissions scenarios. Pay particular attention to the box in section 3.1 that summarizes the four SRES scenario families that explore alternative development pathways. The following resource further explains the scenarios.
Read p. 147, Box 2.2, "The SRES global storylines and scenarios," to further understand the four narrative scenarios, A1, A2, B1, and B2.
Read pages 61-76 in "Chapter 4. Looking to the future: challenges for scientists studying climate change and health" to appreciate the uncertainty in predicting effects of climate change on human health. Be sure to know the three time-scales on which research on climate change is conducted, and understand the differences and difficulties in studying the health effects of climate change and opposed to traditional environmental exposures.
Read pages 204-219 in "Chapter 10. Monitoring the health effects of climate change" in order to learn about the principal criteria for selecting diseases and settings for monitoring. You should also know the broad classes of data requirements and data sources for human health impact monitoring.
7. Quiz: Module 3: Lesson 1.
Watch the video. Four Columbia University climate scientists summarize how present climate changes are dramatically different from the recent past, how scientists use models to predict climate change, and what must be done to develop clean energy technologies that provide hope for the future.
Using data provided by worldwide climate data centers, the NEX-DCP30 Viewer provides a visual representation of projected climate change in the 21st century for all counties of the continental United States. If you live in the continental US, review the projected data for your county using the Data Viewer. If you live outside of the US and you still wish to try the tool, you may want to choose a county with a similar climate to yours.
Read this article to learn about the potential of communication and marketing interventions to influence population behavior in ways consistent with climate change prevention and adaptation objectives.
Read this article to understand how to promote and market climate change, and how to leverage available resources. Gain a basic understanding of the attributes of effective climate change messages, and develop strategies to target messages to specfic audiences.
Read this analysis to understand political, psychological, and philosophical reasons why we resist the truth about climate change. Click on the PDF icon to download the paper.
5. Quiz: Module 3: Lesson 2.
Read section 2.3.4 titled "Communicating Uncertainty and Risk" (page 143) to understand the advantages of multiple stakeholder processes for designing risk-management strategies.
Read the executive summary (pp. 1-5) of this communications primer to learn more about why and how climate change issues should be communicated to the public. For a more detailed look at this issue, feel free to read the entire primer.
What can we do to adapt to the public health effects of global warming? Is it possible to mitigate climate change? After reading the resources and participating in the activities for this module, you will understand adaptation and mitigation strategies and their limitations. Finally, you will learn the most effective actions you can take, and how to best educate and inspire the public to change behavior, leading to a better future climate. Module 4 consists of 3 lessons, each with resources, activities and quizzes.
What can we do to adapt to climate change? What we can do to live with the effects of climate change that have already occurred?
How do specific groups adapt to climate change? What we can learn from each other about how to adapt to climate change?
How can we mitigate the effects of climate change? Learn about actions we can take to stop global warming from getting worse.
Read Chapter 11 "Adaptation and adaptive capacity in the public health context" (pages 220-237). Be able to describe what is meant by adaptation and adaptive capacity in the context of climate change. Link anticipatory and reactive adaptation to the conventional public health categories of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. Finally you should be able to identify the determinants of adaptive capacity.
Read section 17.2.3 "Assessment of adaptation costs and benefits" (pages 724-727), for an assessment of adaptation costs and benefits. Take the time to consider how communities can adapt to climate change.
Read section "18.4.3 Inter-relationships within regions and sectors" (pages 757-760) to understand specific adaptation and mitigation activities at the level of regions and sectors. Consider how climate change might impact inter-regional dependency and migration, effectively changing regional relationships.
Read this analysis of U.S. Chamber of Commerce policies that oppose climate-change mitigating legislation, in contrast with an earlier business group that created the Adirondack Park in New York State.
You do not need to complete this activity before you move on to the next module. Please feel free to continue into the next learning resources and begin studying them, as we recognize that some peer reviewers may take longer than others (but please remember in your peer reviewer role, that there are people waiting for you!). You will need to have completed all peer and mentored activities before NextGenU and our partners (Physicians for Social Responsibility, 350.org, International Society of Doctors for the Environment, George Mason University Center for Climate Change Communication, and Health Care Without Harm) can give you a certificate for this course.
6. Quiz: Module 4: Lesson 1.
Watch this video in which Claudia Mengelt and Robert Fri talk about coping with climate change. Learn about short-term actions that can be taken to respond effectively to climate change, and about promising long-term strategies, investments, and opportunities that could be pursued.
Explore the website to learn how to monitor and prepare for drought.
Read Box 17.5 titled "Gender aspects of vulnerability and adaptive capacity" (page 730) to understand gender aspects of health vulnerability and adaptive capacity, as they relate to climate change.
Read the section titled "C.4 Indigenous knowledge for adaptation to climate change" (pages 864-868) to learn more about how indigenous knowledge about the environment can be used to adapt to and mitigate the effects of climate change.
Read pp. 7-8 (Cambodia), pp. 35-37 (Maldives), pp. 44-47 (Samoa), pp. 50-51 (Sao Tome e Principe), pp. 66-67 (Sierra Leone), and pp. 76-77 (Zambia). Link this UN study of regional impacts of climate change to your own locally-observed regional impacts of climate change. Identify ways in which your community might adapt to climate change, and ways in which other communities have adapted to climate change.
4. Quiz: Module 4: Lesson 2.
Read the case study titled "Economic impacts of climate change on Mumbai, India" (page 38). Pay particular attention to vulnerabilities due to its population density, industrial and financial installations, coastal location and its large proportion of reclaimed land in low-lying areas.
Explore this database of different adaptation strategies, and be able to identify 3-4 strategies different regions use to cope with climate change.
Read pages 237-263 in "Chapter 12. From science to policy: developing responses to climate change" for an understanding of how to develop specific, effective policies and responses to climate change based on science. After reading this resource, you should understand the context in which climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts exist, the concept of 'policy-focused assessment', and the key characteristics of successful implementation. You should also understand that assessment is a multidisciplinary approach.
Read this report summarizing the housing sector and climate change mitigation.
Read the case study titled "Cows to kilowatts, Nigeria: Turning Waste into Energy and Fertiliser" (pages 34-37) for an understanding of how sustainable farming practices might lead to positive climate change (and thus positive health) outcomes.
Read this report on food, livestock production, energy, climate change, and health. Note this is where health providers can make the most change (by getting their patients to change their diets). Understand why 90g of meat per person per day is set as a working target for global meat consumption, and be able to outline the co-benefits of human health and climate mitigation through decreased meat consumption. Appreciate the inequity between high- and low- income countries in terms of meat consumption.
Read this entire article. In addition to their carbon footprint, cows and dairy products are among the least healthy foods that humans consume -- another good reason from a policy perspective to discourage their consumption. Discouraging consumption of cows and cow products may be the most efficient and appropriate way for clinicians to reduce climate change in their practice, though few policies or programs currently aim to decrease human meat consumption. If you're interested, browse further at www.pcrm.org.
Read this article to learn more about the damaging effects of air travel. Note that air travel is a luxury experienced by a tiny minority of the population, yet it accounts for approximately 10% of many industrialized countries' greenhouse gas emissions.
7. Quiz: Module 4: Lesson 3.
Watch this video (from 3:43-6:00) to hear Dr. Erica Frank speak about climate change and healthy eating habits.
Read the entire article to understand links between consumption of animal products and climate change.
Read pp. 1-3, 11-14, 19, and 22-30 for an understanding of how imposing carbon standards for power plants can mitigate power plant pollution and create public health co-benefits. After reading this resource, you should understand the context in which climate change mitigation exists for power plant emissions, and the key methods for reducing those emissions, thereby improving air quality and improving public health.
This optional module provides additional information on steps individuals can take to limit their own and others' contributions to climate change through one's personal, professional, and social service lives. Learn about "greening" your clinic, hospital, or other health system.
Review this list of resources for sustainable purchasing and energy use policies in health care facilities.
Review this resource for sustainable building practices in health care facilities.
Read all the directives on this website for creating a more sustainable doctors' office. This is a self-administered study program intended to help all types of doctors' offices to save money and lower their environmental impact.
The final exam consists of 50 multiple choice questions. It is timed. You will have 70 minutes to complete the exam. If you are taking the course for a final certificate, you must record yourself while taking the exam.


text:
Jumonji domain containing 1C is a protein that in humans is encoded by the JMJD1C gene.

Function

The protein encoded by this gene interacts with thyroid hormone receptors and contains a jumonji domain. It is a candidate histone demethylase and is thought to be a coactivator for key transcription factors. It plays a role in the DNA-damage response pathway by demethylating the mediator of DNA damage checkpoint 1 (MDC1) protein, and is required for the survival of acute myeloid leukemia. Mutations in this gene are associated with Rett syndrome and intellectual disability.

Epigenetic regulation of spermatogenesis
Jmjd1C belongs to the Jmjd1 family genes. Jmjd1C encodes a histone H3K9 demethylase. In addition, the JMJD1c gene has a role in mouse spermatogenesis.  In male homozygous Jmjd1C mouse knockouts are unable to produce sperm.  The mechanism may be the absence of interaction between JMJD1C with JMJD1c's partner proteins, for example, MDC1 and HSP90.

References

Further reading

Human proteins


Music Voyager, a new music and travel series that gives viewers a firsthand look at the most popular and exciting sounds of the planet, will begin broadcasting in February 2010 on PBS through American Public Television, on Nat Geo Music & Adventure and other international television and broadband outlets. The series follows host Jacob Edgar as he explores the globe in search of unexpected adventures and surprising discoveries that unveil the magic and mystery of music from near and far.
With local musicians as his guide, Edgar tastes exotic and occasionally ghastly food, visits off-the-beaten path attractions and parties the night away at amazing concerts in hidden venues that only the locals know. Along the way, viewers are rewarded with a VIP pass to nightclubs, festivals, recording studios and rehearsal rooms, experiencing an ear-opening journey along the world's musical heartbeat.
In the first three thirty minute episodes of this ongoing series, Edgar travels to India, a country of extremes, where ancient history and tradition are colliding head on with the modern world. Edgar visits Mumbai, the capital of India's entertainment industry, where he meets Kailash Kher and Sona, two of the country's biggest stars, travels to Rajasthan where the music is as colorful and soulful as its surroundings, and explores Delhi's vibrant and inventive underground rock, pop and electronica scene.
The next three segments bring viewers to Jamaica, one of the world's great musical destinations. Edgar goes beyond the tourist resorts and beaches that attract most visitors, to explore the past, present and future of Jamaica's vibrant music. He visits with some of the country's top young reggae stars, looks at classic genres such as mento, ska and rocksteady then dives into the dancehall scene. Tarrus Riley, Richie Spice, Etana, Elephant Man, Marcia Griffiths and Ernest Ranglin are just a few of the intriguing artists Edgar meets along the journey.
In the following three episodes, Edgar travels to one of the most exotic and unusual locations of all – Los Angeles – for the Road to a GRAMMY special. In the build up to the star-studded awards ceremony, Music Voyager will travel across the US and beyond to visit five nominees for the 52nd GRAMMY Awards and invite them to give viewers an exclusive look at their personal background and inspirations.
An interactive, broadband social media campaign will allow global visitors to meet the nominees, share in the anticipation, and even influence the filming of the broadcast as it progresses.
The Music Voyager series is produced by Colorado-based Tantra World Wide, whose credits include The Music Box, The Abraham Song, The RockStar Diaries, as well as numerous music videos and live music projects across four continents. TantraWW specializes in leading edge multiple-platform productions that expand the role of traditional media to include broadband, interactive and other cutting edge experiences for its target audience.
Host Jacob Edgar's travels as the music researcher for acclaimed label Putumayo World Music and president of successful indie label Cumbancha have taken him to dozens of countries and hundreds of the world's greatest international music festivals, showcases and performance venues in search of exceptional musical talents.
Edgar's journeys to remote Caribbean villages, trendy Parisian nightclubs, sultry Brazilian samba schools, rocking Indian jam sessions, the recording studios of Havana and many other adventures, have earned him unique access to the world of music, and now viewers of the Music Voyager are able to come along for the ride.
Music Voyager's title sponsor is Harman International, one of the leading audio systems providers and developer of top brands such as AKG, JBL, Harman Kardon and many others.


Buitenkamp, M., Richert Stintzing, A.
water.The unsafe water and sanitation situation adversely aff ects public health and thus hinders the economic development in the region. A participant argued that the number of people with unsafe sanitation and insuffi cient waste water treatment is probably two to three times higher than the estimated 20 million.
WECF (Women in Europe for a Common Future) together with partner organizations Global Water Partnership CEE, Coalition Clean Baltic, Hamburg University of Technology, Creative Slovakia, Earth Forever Bulgaria, EuroTeleorman Romania, organisd a seminar "Europe's Sanitation Problem – 20 million Europeans need access to Safe and Affordable Sanitation", on the 19th of August 2008 during the Stockholm World Water Week.


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Shitungu Community, Makale Spring
What We Built
Project Type: Protected Spring
Regional Program: Western Kenya WaSH Program
Western Kenya WaSH Program
The Water Project's WaSH program in Western Kenya aims to access, protect, filter, and purify the abundant waters that are available through two seasonal rains, prevalent springs, high water tables, and deep aquifers in the region. Explore water projects in communities, schools, and churches in Western Kenya such as protected springs, rainwater catchment systems, and water wells. This program emphasizes the power of strategic geographical saturation of projects, effective hygiene and sanitation training, and relational networking between NGOs, health workers, local politicians, and educators.
Impact: 490 Served
Project Phase: In Service - Dec 2017
Functionality Status: Functional
Functionality Data
Install Date: 12/15/2017
Current Status: Functional
Last Checkup: 12/01/2020
Checkup History:
10/17/2017 — Functional
04/16/2019 — Low/No Water or Mechanical Breakdown
Protected Spring
In many communities, natural springs exist as water flows from cracks in rocky ground or the side of a hill. Springs provide reliable water but that doesn't mean safe. When left open they become contaminated by surface contamination, animal and human waste and rain runoff. The solution is to protect the source. First, you excavate around the exact source area of the spring. Then, you build a protective reservoir for water flow, which pours through a reinforced pipe in a concrete headwall to a paved collection area. Safe water typically flows year-round and there is very limited ongoing maintenance needed!
Rehabilitation Project
Rehabilitation is not just fixing a pump - it's total community re-engagement.
There's only one thing we can think of that might be worse than not having safe water: having safe water, and then losing it because a project fell into disrepair.
Rehabilitation often proves to be a big challenge, as many wells have sit idle for years and there is typically little information about the specifics of the well. A borehole and dug well rehabilitation involves quite a bit of discovery. First, our teams work to discover as much as they can about the initial project. What materials were used? Was the borehole/hand-dug well properly constructed? Many of these questions can only be answered by diving in, and doing "the work" which makes up a rehabilitation.
Once our teams have found the problem, they find the solution. Then, they reconstruct the well and install a hand pump.
Engagement and training with communities takes into account rehabilitation was needed and alters the program to suit the needs of the community. After all - engaging with this community in the same way which led to the initial, failed project will not bring new results. Our teams work to understand the social and support reasons leading to initial failure, and make those areas a focus of our ongoing engagement with communities.
Local Leadership
Local leadership is a lasting investment
Sustainable water projects only occur through the presence of local leaders. The Water Project identifies, develops, supports, and partners with local organizations who share our vision of reliable and verifiable clean water. Together, we build water programs that include responsible community development, lasting local solutions and ongoing monitoring and resolution.
Community engagement is at every step of a water project.
Our engagement is rooted in relationship and includes involving the community in implementation and ongoing support, setting expectations for water point management and ongoing costs, etc. All of this happens before a water project is installed.
We use a term called ABCD: "Asset Based Community Development". This means the community gets a leading seat at the table. Before we seek to bring anything into the community, we first seek to understand and utilize the assets that already exist within the community.
Sanitation Platform (SanPlat)
Easily made latrine slabs encourage household bathroom construction.
Proper hygiene and sanitation facilities go hand-in-hand with access to clean, reliable water.
A SanPlat is most literally the slab one would squat over when utilizing the bathroom.
The community chooses 5 households to receive SanPlats made on site under our training and guidance. The goal: seeing the need for safe latrines throughout their community, each household will be inspired to build their own.
Hygiene and Sanitation Training
Community education and self-discovery about hygiene and sanitation concepts lead to improved health.
Improved health is always the goal. This is why all our projects include hygiene and sanitation training. We utilize many different methods for this training, depending on the community/institution, program and country. Training topics include disease transmission, personal hygiene and cleanliness, proper disposal of waste and proper water storage methods.
Monitoring and Resolution
Water isn't a pump. Water is a service. And, it must be reliable.
The known benefits of water are ONLY true if water can be counted on, over time. We love celebrating when a project is complete and a community has access to clean, safe water. However, the ongoing service of water - making water reliable - is how we know our true impact.
The Water Project continues to monitor our water projects, and we provide continued support to make sure water service continues for communities.
Past water projects and the communities they serve are just as important to us as anything else we might be doing in the future.
To learn more about how you can help with ongoing monitoring, evaluation and resolution, read about our awesome monthly members.
Project Timeline FAQ
We're working hard to make sure your gifts result in a lasting water project for the community it serves. Our engagement with a community begins many months before construction and lasts years after construction. The timeline here is focused on the physical construction of the water project. There is also training and engagement work that has already started.
Water project construction in the developing world is hard work. A lot of things can and do cause delays - which are normal. We attempt to make our best judgment of when construction will be complete, but the circumstances surrounding actual "in the field" conditions are far from our control.
Weather, supply availability, government paperwork, and progress of community involvement are just a few of the variables that can delay (and sometimes speed up) a project's completion.
We will always tell you if anything changes. And, if you get a notice like this – it's actually further proof your gifts are being carefully used towards a water project that lasts.
Click icons to learn about each feature.
This project is a part of our shared program with Western Water and Sanitation Forum (WEWASAFO). Our team is pleased to directly share the below report (edited for clarity, as needed).
In Shitungu Community, women do most of the household chores. The women wake up early in the morning to prepare their children for school before their other chores like collecting firewood, washing clothes, sweeping, farming and fetching water from the unprotected spring among many others!
Most people in the community are involved in farming. They grow maize, vegetables, bananas, sweet potatoes and cassava and others. A few people in the local community have small retail shops from where neighbors buy their household items.
Water Situation
70 different households report that they use Makale Spring for all of their water needs.
A metal pipe has been fixed in the ground to make filling containers easier. Instead of dunking jerrycans under the water, they can be held underneath the pipe until full. There's a lot of activity around this open water source that contribute to its contamination. Animals are brought to Makale Spring to drink, while community members do their laundry at the spring. They also told us that the spring is dirtiest after it rains; rainwater carries slews of dirt and mud directly into the water, and community members have to wait a long time for the water to settle again.
On some occasions, there are crowds of people waiting to fetch water. Women spend a number of hours walking to and waiting at Makale Spring. In this community, fetching water is predominantly a woman's affair.
When delivered back home, dirty water from Makale Spring is stored in 100-liter plastic barrels if intended for cleaning, and poured into covered clay pots if meant for drinking. People report that these clay pots keep water cooler. After drinking this water, residents of Shitungu suffer from waterborne diseases such as typhoid.
Sanitation Situation
Less than half of these households have their own pit latrine. Those who don't have them share with their neighbor or seek the privacy of bushes to relieve themselves. Most of the latrines we observed are made the traditional way, with mud walls and wooden floors. These wooden floors are difficult to clean and susceptible to rot.
The same low number of families have helpful sanitation tools like dish racks, clotheslines, and hand-washing stations.
Plans: Hygiene and Sanitation Training
Community members will attend hygiene and sanitation training for at least two days. This training will ensure participants are no longer ignorant about healthy practices and their importance. The facilitator plans to use PHAST (Participatory Hygiene and Sanitation Transformation), CLTS (Community-Led Total Sanitation), ABCD (Asset-Based Community Development), group discussions, handouts, and demonstrations at the spring.
Training will also result in the formation of a committee that will oversee operations and maintenance at the spring. They will enforce proper behavior around the spring and delegate tasks that will help preserve the site, such as building a fence and digging proper drainage.
Plans: Sanitation Platforms
On the final day of training, participants will select five families that should benefit from new latrine floors.
Training will also inform the community and selected families on what they need to contribute to make this project a success. They must mobilize locally available materials, such as bricks, clean sand, hardcore, and ballast. The five families must prepare by sinking a pit for the sanitation platforms to be placed over. All community members must work together to make sure that accommodations and food are always provided for the work teams.
Plans: Spring Protection
Protecting the spring will ensure that the water is safe, adequate and secure. Construction will keep surface runoff and other contaminants out of the water.
Fetching water is predominantly a female role, done by both women and young girls. Protecting the spring and offering training and support will therefore help empower the female members of the community by giving them more time and efforts to engage and invest in income-generating activities.
06/30/2020: COVID-19 Prevention Training Update at Makale Spring
Our teams are working on the frontlines of the COVID-19 pandemic. Join us in our fight against the virus while maintaining access to clean, reliable water.
We are carrying out awareness and prevention trainings on the virus in every community we serve. Very often, our teams are the first (and only) to bring news and information of the virus to rural communities like Shitungu, Kenya.
We trained community members on the symptoms, transmission routes, and prevention of COVID-19. Due to public gathering concerns, we worked with trusted community leaders to gather a select group of community members who would then relay the information learned to the rest of their family and friends.
We covered essential hygiene lessons:
– Demonstrations on how to build a simple handwashing station
– Proper handwashing technique
– The importance of using soap and clean water for handwashing
– Cleaning and disinfecting commonly touched surfaces including at the water point.
We covered COVID-19-specific guidance in line with national and international standards:
– Information on the symptoms and transmission routes of COVID-19
– What social distancing is and how to practice it
– How to cough into an elbow
– Alternative ways to greet people without handshakes, fist bumps, etc.
– How to make and properly wear a facemask.
During training, we installed a new handwashing station with soap near the community's water point, along with a sign with reminders of what we covered.
Due to the rampant spread of misinformation about COVID-19, we also dedicated time to a question and answer session to help debunk rumors about the disease and provide extra information where needed.
We continue to stay in touch with this community as the pandemic progresses. We want to ensure their water point remains functional and their community stays informed about the virus.
Water access, sanitation, and hygiene are at the crux of disease prevention. You can directly support our work on the frontlines of COVID-19 prevention in all of the communities we serve while maintaining their access to safe, clean, and reliable water.
11/29/2018: A Year Later: Shitungu Community, Makale Spring
A year ago, your generous donation enabled us to protect Makale Spring for Shitungu Community in Kenya. The contributions of incredible monthly donors and others giving directly to The Water Promise allow our local teams to visit project sites throughout the year, strengthening relationships with communities and evaluating the water project over time. These consistent visits allow us to learn vital lessons and hear amazing stories. Read more…
12/18/2017: Shitungu Community Project Complete
Makale Spring in Shitungu Community, Kenya is now a protected, clean source of water thanks to your donation. The spring is protected from contamination, five sanitation platforms have been provided for the community, and training has been given in sanitation and hygiene. Imagine the changes that all of these resources are going to bring for these residents! You made it happen! Now, want to do a bit more? Join our team of monthly donors and help us maintain this spring protection and many other projects.
We just updated the project page with the latest pictures, so make sure to check them out! And please enjoy the rest of the report from our partner in Kenya:
Project Result: New Knowledge
Mr. Lukas Makale's oldest son was in charge of organizing the best place and time for hygiene and sanitation training. He functioned as our main contact person, and went door to door inviting community members to attend. We ended up meeting at Mr. Tito Amere Makable's homestead, which is closest to the spring. Total attendance was 21 people.
Two of our facilitators covered several topics, including leadership and governance; operation and maintenance of the spring; healthcare; family planning; immunizations; the spread of disease and prevention. We also covered water treatment methods, environmental hygiene, hygiene promotion, and many others.
Demonstrations were some of the most popular parts of the training, with participants enjoying getting their hands involved. We did this with hand-washing, teaching the 10 steps of washing with soap and running water. And since we were already near the spring, we were able to teach about proper spring use, management, and simple maintenance.
Hand-washing demonstration
Our facilitators were very happy about the motivation they've seen in these same community members: As soon as they got home, they started preparing for new latrines, clearing the bushes from around their homesteads, building dish racks and building hand-washing stations. The participants who were trained will meet twice a month to keep track of their first goal: that all households build their own hand-washing station.
Participants posing for a group picture after training.
Project Result: Sanitation Platforms
All five sanitation platforms have been installed and are ready for use. These five families are happy about this milestone and are optimistic that there will be much less open defecation. People without proper latrines would often use the privacy of bushes, but now have a private place of their own. It is expected that proper use of latrine facilities provided by the sanitation platforms will go a long way in reducing environmental pollution here. We are continuing to encourage families to finish building walls and roofs over their new latrine floors.
Project Result: Spring Protection
Community members provided all locally available construction materials, e.g bricks, wheelbarrows of clean sand, wheelbarrows of ballast, fencing poles and hard core (crushed rock and gravel). Accommodation and food for the artisan were provided, and we asked a few people to volunteer their time and strength to help the artisan with manual labor.
Community members were particularly helpful when it came to the heavy digging it took to excavate this spring.
The spring area was excavated to create space for setting the foundation of polyethylene, wire mesh and concrete. After the base had been set, both wing walls and the headwall were set in place using brickwork. The discharge pipe was fixed low in place through the head wall to direct the water from the reservoir to the drawing area.
As the wing walls and head wall were curing, the stairs were set and the tiles were fixed directly below the discharge pipe. This reduces the erosive force of the falling water and beautifies the spring. The process of plastering the head wall and wing walls on both sides reinforces the brickwork and prevents water from the reservoir from seeping through the walls and allows pressure to build in the collection box to push water up through the discharge pipe.
Lastly, the base of the spring was plastered and the collection box was cleaned. The source area was filled up with clean hardcore and covered with a polyethylene membrane to eliminate any potential sources of contamination. Community members then helped us plant grass and dig cutoff drains to direct surface water away from the spring box.
This process has transformed Makale Spring into a source of safe, clean water. Community members immediately gathered together to celebrate by fetching their first containers of clean water. Emily Mmbone said, "This will help reduce waterborne diseases, given that the water is now safe and clean fro drinking and for domestic use. The spring yield is exceptionally high, and I promise that my neighbors and I will take good care of it."
10/23/2017: Shitungu Community Project Underway
Shitungu Community will soon have a clean, safe source of water thanks to your donation. Community members have been drinking contaminated water from Makale Spring, and often suffer physical illnesses after doing so. Our partner conducted a survey of the area and deemed it necessary to protect the spring, build new sanitation platforms (safe, easy-to-clean concrete floors for latrines), and conduct sanitation and hygiene training. Thanks to your generosity, waterborne disease will no longer be a challenge for the families drinking the spring's water. We look forward to sharing more details with you as they come! But for now, please take some time to check out the report containing community information, pictures, and maps.
A Year Later: Shitungu Community, Makale Spring
"We have access to safe and clean water. The water from the protected spring is used for washing, cleaning, bathing, and for drinking," said Doreen, 12.
Keeping The Water Promise
There's an incredible community of monthly donors who have come alongside you in supporting clean water in Shitungu Community, Makale Spring.
This giving community supports ongoing sustainability programs that help Shitungu Community, Makale Spring maintain access to safe, reliable water. Together, they keep The Water Promise.
We're confident you'll love joining this world-changing group committed to sustainability!
A year ago, your generous donation enabled us to protect Makale Spring for Shitungu Community in Kenya. The contributions of incredible monthly donors and others giving directly to The Water Promise allow our local teams to visit project sites throughout the year, strengthening relationships with communities and evaluating the water project over time. These consistent visits allow us to learn vital lessons and hear amazing stories – and we're excited to share this one from local team member Mary Afandi with you.
Before Makale Spring was protected last year, the community had to use contaminated water. Disease outbreaks were prevalent in the area around the unprotected spring.
According to Violet Kebali, cases of diarrhea and typhoid were very common among her family and the rest of the residents. People were paying a lot for medical care.
After the protection of the spring and the health training carried out, the area around the protected spring is clean and well-maintained. Sicknesses have significantly decreased.
We spoke with Violet Kebali and Doreen Vinzari about some of the other changes they have witnessed over the past year.
Doreen Vinzari, Violet Kebali, and Mary Afandi
"After the protection of the spring, the residents now have enough water in terms of quantity and quality," said Mrs. Kebali.
"The spring also benefits many people from within the community and the neighboring communities. Many people come to fetch water from the protected spring as early as 4am and as late as 9pm. This indicates that the number of households benefiting has greatly increased!"
Protecting the spring is only one step along the journey toward sustainable access to clean water. The Water Project is committed to consistent monitoring of each water source. Our monitoring and evaluation program, made possible by donors like you, allows us to maintain our relationships with communities by visiting up to 4 times each year to ensure that the water points are safe and reliable.
This is just one of the many ways that we monitor projects and communicate with you. Additionally, you can always check the functionality status and our project map to see how all of our water points are performing, based on our consistent monitoring data.
One project is just a drop in the bucket towards ending the global water crisis, but the ripple effects of this project are truly astounding. This spring in Shitungu is changing many lives.
Doreen Vinzari
"We have access to safe and clean water. The water from the protected spring is used for washing, cleaning, bathing, and for drinking," 12-year-old Doreen said with a smile.
This is only possible because of the web of support and trust built between The Water Project, our local teams, the community, and you. We are excited to stay in touch with this community and support their journey with safe water.
Read more about The Water Promise and how you can help.
Navigating through intense dry spells, performing preventative maintenance, conducting quality repairs when needed and continuing to assist community leaders to manage water points are all normal parts of keeping projects sustainable. The Water Promise community supports ongoing sustainability programs that help Shitungu Community, Makale Spring maintain access to safe, reliable water.
We'd love for you to join this world-changing group committed to sustainability.
The most impactful way to continue your support of Shitungu Community, Makale Spring – and hundreds of other places just like this – is by joining our community of monthly givers.
Your monthly giving will help provide clean water, every month... keeping The Water Promise!
2 individual donor(s)