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How will the chocolate industry approach cocoa farmer 'living income'?
By Oliver Nieburg contact
03-May-2018 - Last updated on 23-Jul-2019 at 11:40 GMT
No sustainable cocoa without a living income for farmers, says Berlin Declaration ©GettyImages/weerapatkiatdumrong
Related tags: Cocoa, Sustainability, World cocoa foundation, Mondelez, Cocoa life, living income, Poverty
The president of the World Cocoa Foundation and Mondelēz's Cocoa Life director discuss how the chocolate industry will tackle calls to guarantee cocoa farmers a living income.
The 4th World Cocoa Conference, which took place last week in Germany, ended with the Berlin Declaration, a statement based on feedback from the 1,500 delegates, including industry, farmer cooperatives, civil society organizations and governments.
The declaration said efforts since 2012 "have not been enough to achieve significant impact at scale".
"We affirm that the cocoa sector will not be sustainable if farmers are not able to earn a living income….All stakeholders should develop and implement policies that enable cocoa farmers to make a living income," it said, among several other recommendations.
'There are important challenges that remain': WCF president
Speaking to ConfectioneryNews in Berlin, Rick Scobey, president of the World Cocoa Foundation (WCF), said: "We all agree that there are important challenges that remain despite years and billions of dollars of effort."
Scobey said boosting farmer income and diversifying revenue through intercropping and other activities is a top priority for all stakeholders in the sector.
"This is new work for the companies and we're really beginning to pilot and partner with governments, development partners, and research institutions to find what is the best mix of alternate income generating work," he said.
Scobey's Twitter post quoting departing International Cocoa Organization (ICCO) executive director Dr. Jean-Marc Anga was the most retweeted Tweet of #WCC4Berlin
'Sustainable livelihoods' under CocoaAction
CocoaAction, a joint sustainability platform launched in 2014 to align the programs of nine leading chocolate and cocoa players, including Mars, Nestlé and Mondelēz, will be reviewed within the next year.
CocoaAction does not currently compel members to report income data from company programs and has no key performance indicator (KPI) on 'living income' or 'sustainable income' for farmers.
©GettyImages-hhl3271
None of the top six chocolate companies or big three cocoa ingredient suppliers have committed to providing a living income to cocoa farmers. However, Barry Callebaut has pledged to lift 500,000 farmers in the cocoa supply chain above the poverty line by 2025.
But Scobey said: "Income is very much an objective of CocoaAction and WCF's work.
"Our goal is to professionalize farmers and improve their productivity and profitability and we do that with a heavy focus on trying to double their yields so they'll have more volume for the market.
"When we review CocoaAction and the WCF strategy, we are putting 'sustainable livelihoods' at the center of our vision.
"…I think measuring net income from all the companies' programs and governments for cocoa productivity is the top indicator for sector impact."
Above the poverty line and beyond
WCF intends to review CocoaAction within the next year once it has analyzed second-year impact data in June and July of this year.
Scobey said: "Our first and most important target is to raise farmers above the poverty line, which we follow against the World Bank extreme poverty line ($1.90 a day)."
"Second we want to make sure that they have sufficient income beyond mere poverty existence requirements...meaning there's enough for school fees, for crop inputs, housing, health, and safe water and sanitation," said Scobey.
What is a 'living income'?
©GettyImages/SasinParaksa
Fairtrade and True Price recently calculated a living income for a cocoa farmer in Côte d'Ivoire, adjusted for tax, as $6,133 per year. The figure was based on a medium household of eight and equates to $2.10 per person a day.
Fairtrade found average Ivorian cocoa farmer household income was $2,707 per year, with around $2,000 of income coming from cocoa, according to its survey of 3,202 Fairtrade certified farmers. This equates to total income of $0.93 per person a day.
"The benchmark [$6,133] informs the calculation of a preliminary living income reference price for cocoa which we plan to publish with the release of the second part of Fairtrade Minimum Price and Premium consultation for cocoa in the coming weeks," Jon Walker, senior advisor for cocoa at Fairtrade, told this site.
"The research reconfirms the urgency for us and we hope for other actors in the cocoa sector to intensify our collective efforts towards achieving sustainable livelihoods for cocoa farmers," he added.
Separately, ISEAL, the Sustainable Food Lab and GIZ plan to publish living income benchmarks for cocoa growing communities in Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana under the 'Living Income Community of Practice' initiative by August 2018. See HERE for more details.
Mondelēz warns of artificially keeping families in cocoa
Cathy Pieters, director of Mondelēz's Cocoa Life program, said she hopes a focus on 'sustainable livelihoods' will allow the industry to look beyond price and premiums.
"I sometimes wonder if there is a danger in just looking at the price [or premium]," she said in an interview in Berlin.
Cocoa Life: Income is already a KPI
Photo: MDLZ
Mondelēz is one of the few chocolate companies using farmer net income as a key performance indicator (KPI) in its sustainability program, according to Pieters.
The Cadbury maker has reported Cocoa Life farmers in Indonesia averaged total net income of $1.698 ($630 from cocoa) in 2016, up 143% from baseline data collected in 2015. The company plans to publish income data for Cocoa Life in Ghana and Côte d'Ivoire in Q4 2018. Around 35% of the Milka owner's annual cocoa volumes are covered by Cocoa Life.
"If we look at that in isolation, we're creating a dependency and that's not what we want to achieve in the long term."
"… I think we might be artificially keeping families in cocoa who might be better off in other things had they been given the choice."
She suggested government agricultural reforms should provide choices to farmers and help them get out of cocoa if it is unlikely to provide a sustainable livelihood.
"I sometimes have the feeling we keep putting on band-aids to try to 'save the smallholder'. I think we should have a serious discussion with governments to see how we really look at the future."
Productivity focus not to blame for cocoa price crash, says WCF president
The Cocoa Barometer – published this month by a group of NGOs including the Voice Network and Solidaridad – suggested the industry's current focus of boosting farm productivity contributed to an oversupply and a global market price decline.
"More than a third of [cocoa's] value was wiped out, with a ton of cocoa going from above $3,000 to below $1,900 in a matter of months.
"Despite various voices warning that a focus on production increase policies would lead to a price collapse, most companies and governments were not prepared when it happened," said the Barometer.
The report said smallholder cocoa farmers consequently saw their income decline around 30-40% year-on-year.
WCF's Scobey said increased productivity was not the culprit since the industry has yet to realize increased yields per hectare in company sustainability programs.
"We've not seen any big increase as a result of on farm productivity measures yet," he said.
"First year data [from CocoaAction] doesn't show any significant increase in per capita production levels, they are still relatively low at 300-400 kg per hectare," which has been the level of the last 10 years, said the WCF president.
He contended most of the surplus came from expansion of the cocoa area, particularly into protected forests.
Asked why CocoaAction's focus of growing more cocoa on less land had not yet led increased yields per hectare, Scobey said:
"...This is a long journey to really professionalize and train farmers. It's not going to be done overnight - it takes time and effort."
Only 2% of farmers reached by CocoaAction have adopted the initiative's full productivity package mainly because farmers struggle to finance fertilizer-use and farm rehabilitation. See HERE for more details.
WCF hopes to improve adoption rates by providing capital for farmers through the United Nations' Impact Investment Fund for Land Degradation Neutrality and has launched a separate fertilizer research program – the 'CocoaSoils Initiative' – to tackle low-use of fertilizers.
What about cocoa price volatility?
©iStock/IvelinRadkov
Cocoa prices are rising following last year's slump.
Cocoa prices averaged $2,625 per ton last month, according to ICCO's monthly averages of daily prices on the combined London and New York futures exchanges, up 34% compared to April last year.
Rabobank said in its latest Agri Commodity Monthly report there has been heavy speculative trading amid the threat of an El Niño weather event and strong grind demand. Côte d'Ivoire will review farm gate prices ahead of the main crop (October to March 2018) based partly on the futures market.
The Berlin Declaration said: "Global price volatility and low farm gate prices have had a strong negative impact on the sector"
It recommended producing country governments "coordinate national and regional cocoa policies, specifically being mindful of the impact this can have on cocoa prices."
Related topics: Business, Confectionery
The kids are alright: How Germany's best-selling Fairtrade chocolate was created by children
Stakeholders launch International Fair Trade Charter: 'Our goal is to render Fair Trade labels unnecessary'
'We can achieve a more sustainable rice crop': Mars, Ebro join forces to advance sustainable rice sourcing
Power & politics in cocoa: Are chocolate's colonial roots moulding sustainability?


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EPISODE 11: WHIP
by Claire Goodchild March 14, 2021
I have walked a great while over the snow,
And I am not tall nor strong.
My clothes are wet, and my teeth are set,
And the way was hard and long.
I have wandered over the fruitful earth,
But I never came here before.
Oh, lift me over the threshold, and let me in at the door!
The cutting wind is a cruel foe.
I dare not stand in the blast.
My hands are stone, and my voice a groan,
And the worst of death is past.
I am but a little maiden still,
My little white feet are sore.
Her voice was the voice that women have,
Who plead for their heart's desire.
She came—she came—and the quivering flame
Sunk and died in the fire.
It never was lit again on my hearth
Since I hurried across the floor,
To lift her over the threshold, and let her in at the door.
Before we begin, it is important to know that this episode deals with torture and executions that took place during the European witch persecutions.
It can be graphic at times and if this is not something you want to listen to, please feel free to skip this episode.
"All wickedness is but little to the wickedness of a woman."
This revealing sentence first appeared in 1486 in a witch-hunting manual known as The Malleus Maleficarum, which in English translates to, the Hammer of the Witches.
Written by Heinreich Kramer, a German clergyman, this text would go on to change the course of history, and result in the torture and executions of thousands of women.
It seems as though, whenever we discuss the witch-hunts of early modern Europe, there is a rush of people who can't wait to shout "but men were executed too," and while that is true to an extent, make no mistake that this period was flat out a woman-hunt.
The men who were tried and convicted were typically defenders of the women in their lives, or questioned the authority of the caballers in their misguided pursuit of justice.
Men weren't above suspicion, but they weren't the main target either.
The next point that gets brought up is, "yea, but women accused other women of being witches too."
And to that I say, "yea, internalized misogyny is a hell of a drug."
So This period of time spanning 1450 to 1750 began with German Catholics, but Protestants were more than happy to jump in and participate as well over the years, with some of the most brutal crimes taking place in England and Scotland.
Which I think goes to show it wasn't JUST about defying certain sects of the church.
This was undoubtedly a huge motivator don't get me wrong, and the church is where this misogyny was built, but it was also just about them enjoying control and abuse and keeping people (women) in line.
One story in particular, has stuck with me since I first heard it, and that is what I will be sharing with you today.
In 1597 King James the 6th of Scotland, or King James the 1st of England, depending on your persuasion, wrote a text called Demonology.
This book's purpose was to convince skeptics of the realities and dangers of witchcraft.
According to James, there were witches hiding around every corner, and they were usually participating in some sort of unholy sexual ritual with the devil, before they took a break to cast their spells and curses.
He had a lot of experience in this topic.
You see, seven years prior, Scotland became the epicentre of witch trials, with James at the helm of the investigation.
In the halls of the Palace of Holyroodhouse in Edinburgh, wanders the ghost of a distraught woman who was put to death by the callous king.
The spirit of Agnes Sampson has been seen on countless occasions. She appears fully naked and shaved of all her hair.
Her body is said to be marked with the scars of her brutal and inhumane torture.
Agnes was accused of witchcraft in 1590 by another woman named Geillis Duncan, who named her while in the throws of her own torture.
At this time, the only way to get it all to stop was to confess, name coconspirators or…die.
The trials that saw Agnes killed, are known as the Berwick Trials, and they are special for a number of reasons.
The main reason is that this was the first mass witch-persecution in all of Scotland. The level of confessions and people apprehended was unprecedented.
The second reason this series of trials stands out, is due to the involvement of the king himself. Normally others did their dirty work, but for him this was personal.
According to King James, the magnitude of confessions was confirmation of what he already knew in his heart: witches were part of the group of people out to get him, and that needed to be stopped.
Being King, meant there was a constant threat to your life. Maintaining the status quo with you in charge was hard work.
Real threats could be sniffed out, but the threat of the otherworldly was dangerous because it could sneak up on you unseen.
If James was to be believed, there were so many witches running around the East Lothian area, it is truly a wonder how they got anything done in daily life.
What kicked off this particularly devastating witch killing period was a storm…and some ships.
In 1589, 23 year old King James had decided on the perfect bride for himself, 14 year old Anne of Denmark……yea…its gross.
The child queen of Denmark was meant to arrive in Scotland by boat, but violent storms had prevented it.
James decided it would be best if he travelled there to escort his wife back to Scotland.
Mainland Europe, at this point, was in a witch frenzy, so naturally, they were to blame for preventing the marriage between the kingdoms.
James spent 6 months watching the witch-hunts on his trip, and became convinced of satan's mistresses devious existence.
There was one thing that bothered James about the trial procedure however. He felt that many were executing people without proper evidence.
The cruel irony of it all, is that Demonology was written those few years later as a way to prevent unjustified executions……but as you'll see, the process of the King was not unlike the process he criticized while in mainland Europe.
So, James and Anne return by ship, and their voyage is rocked by storms and was a complete misery.
One ship, that was carrying gifts just for his new bride sank. Can you just imagine? How terrible for them.
Nevertheless they survive, and begin their new life together.
A little while later, At the tail end of 1690, James received some disturbing news.
That storm where he lost some possessions, well…..it was witchcraft.
According to Gillis Duncan, a young house girl for a man named David Seaton, it was her coven who had brought the storms.
David had grown suspicious of Gillis over the last few weeks, and her odd behaviour, which he said was her sneaking out at night, and took it upon himself to torture her.
The most likely situation is that Gillis had been rebuffing David's sexual advances and would sneak out at night for some solace with a lover or friend.
Powerful men weren't used to rejection, so he likely wanted to punish her.
And it is in these throws of pain, she named her accomplices.
The most suspicious of all? Agnes Sampson.
Agnes was a well known midwife from Edinburgh, and the oldest person that Gillis named.
It was a natural assumption at the time that she could be the coven leader.
Being a midwife was dubious enough to people of this era. They were of course, a necessary part of life, but anyone who provided women with bodily autonomy, was looked at with a little more uncertainty.
Poor old Agnes was brought in for questioning before James. She refused to give in to his questioning, so he ordered that she be stripped and searched for the witches mark.
Stripping and searching was the first step in a "proper" interrogation.
This was a humiliating procedure where a group of people would take the accused into a room, remove their clothes and shave them of all their hair in order to find a "devils mark."
A devils mark was a blemish or mole where Satan or his minions would feed off the witch after consummating their relationship.
It is written that women would act out this search on the suspected witch, for modesty's sake, but I'm not sure I believe that.
I think there were instances where men did the search of their female prisoners themselves to heighten their shame and bring quicker confessions.
By the time I go through the steps of an interrogation, I believe you will agree with me that the men capable of these brutal torture methods, didn't suddenly get a conscience when it came to seeing their victim naked. They likely revelled in it.
So here is this woman, Agnes, who had provided safety and dignity to other women in is what is likely the most difficult time of their lives, now being stripped of hers in the most humiliating way.
Naturally, the witches mark was found on Agnes, because who doesn't have a mole or blemish on their body.
It's discovery meant she was allowed to be tortured further.
Then next step they took was sleep deprivation, alongside the use of a particularly nasty device called a Witch's Bridle.
The Witch's Bridle, or Scold's Bridle, is an iron instrument that resembles a cage, with four sharp prongs stuck into the mouth, two into the tongue and two into the cheeks.
This barbaric device was originally designed as a form of punishment for outspoken women of the era.
A wife domestic, good and pure
Like snail should keep within her door
But not like snail in silver track
Place all her wealth upon her back
A woman should like echo true
Speak but when she's spoken to
But not like echo still be heard
Contending for the final word
Like a town clock, a wife should be
Keep time and regularity
But not like clocks r so clear
That all the town, her voice might hear
That small poem appeared in an 1844 magazine called the Rover: tales, poetry and engravings.
If the magazine is to be believed, those chilling lines were uttered with regularity throughout the 17th and 18th centuries.
This contraption Agnes was forced to wear would've been excruciating, and to make matters worse, James himself watched as his men chained her to a wall while she wore it.
They kept her awake for three days.
As the hours and days passed, in and out of the Witch's Bridle, she was hit and whipped with ropes, her scalp was crushed and twisted repeatedly between two ropes, until she could take no more.
Agnes confessed.
Once she did that, her torture was stopped.
The weirdest part happens next, King James actually didn't believe her confession. He assumed she was making it up
Likely, out of fear of further torture, Agnes took a risk that sealed her fate.
She whispered in the kings ears the words he had said to his young bride on their wedding night.
It was likely an educated guess. Agnes was a midwife, she knew all the lines men said to women before laying down with them.
What those words were, nobody knows, but it convinced James of her guilt.
Agnes would be tried and sentenced.
During the trial, some of her torture was documented:
This aforesaid Agnes Sampson which was the elder Witch, was taken and brought to Holyrood Palace before the Kings Majesty and sundry other of the nobility of Scotland, where she was straightly examined, but all the persuasions which the Kings majesty used to her with the rest of his counsel, might not provoke or induce her to confess any thing, but stood stiffly in the denial of all that was laid to her charge: whereupon they caused her to be confined away to prison, there to receive such torture as hath been lately provided for witches in that country: and for as much as by due examination of witchcraft and witches in Scotland, it hath lately been found that the Devil doth generally mark them with a privy mark, by reason the Witches have confessed themselves, that the Devil doth lick them with his tongue in some private part of their body, before he doth receive them to be his servants, which mark commonly is given them under the hair in some part of their body, whereby it may not easily be found out or seen, although they be searched: and generally so long as the mark is not seen to those which search them, so long the parties that hath the mark will never confess anything. Therefore by special commandment this Agnes Sampson had all her hair shaven off, in each part of her body, and her head thrawen with a rope according to the custom of that Country, being a pain most grievous, which she continued almost an hour, during which time she would not confess any thing until the Devils mark was found upon her privates, then she immediately confessed whatsoever was demanded of her, and justifying those persons aforesaid to be notorious witches.
Agnes was taken to execution on January 28th 1591, which coincidentally is the date I wrote this script.
She was garrotted (which is a form of strangulation), before being burnt at the stake.
A plaque in Edinburgh marks the spot where many innocent women were senselessly killed after suffering immense torture.
But I don't believe this commemoration brought Agnes any peace….after all, her ghost remains in Holyrood, likely reliving her hideous ordeal over and over.
I'm really sorry Agnes.
This has been Memento mori oracle podcast, where I Claire Goodchild go through my memento mori oracle deck and tell the stories behind each card.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Movie where a bereaved woman raises an angel to help her cross over
I saw this interesting movie few years ago online, have lost it, want to re-visit. It has elements of fantasy and magic within the main theme. English language, story set in England, made within last 20 years (possibly more recently), independent film but well made - not mainstream Hollywood at all. Feels like a Channel 4/BFI type production. For 90% of the film there are only two actors and the interest (beyond a decent fantasy) is in how their personalities come through and a relationship develops between two opposite poles.
The bereaved woman, well dressed, articulate but nervous meets a scruffy man at a train station who appears to be a 'new age' type. They taxi in daylight to a large house which she has rented for several months. The old building is in significant grounds, empty save for the two of them and looks secluded. Save for the odd couple, everything has a sense of normality to this point like a good Stephen King novel.
A discussion begins with the man professing to be a white witch. He suggests that he can open a gateway to summon an angel who will re-connect the woman with those passed. He suggests this is a long, arduous and potentially dangerous process and once started (the door is open) it must be taken to conclusion. He warns her that some aspects of the journey will challenge her mentally and physically. She agrees despite these warnings. The man seals the house.
The tension in the film is that you never know if this guy is genuine, a con man taking advantage (he is getting paid) or something worse - a satanist maybe. Or in fact, if the woman has had a nervous breakdown and is living out a sad fantasy - the direction is clever and you are given enough plausibility to keep you attached, even when he strips off and announces that they must have sex together within drawn magic symbols on the floor.
Note: It never gets too dark in the representation on screen - it's more of a well made psychological thriller / fantasy with interesting cinematography than a midnight B horror flick although there are shock moments.
Spoiler alert: At the end of the film as tension and credulity are stretched to their limits,
the man is fatally injured and the woman collapses. The camera pans to show the angel arriving in all its glory and blinding light. Everything was in fact, true.
If we can identify the film it's well worth a watch and I would love to read the novel (assuming it is based on one).
story-identification movie
Applefanboy
ApplefanboyApplefanboy
This is the 2016 Irish film, A Dark Song. It does not seem to be based off of a book, although the ritual used is based off of The Book of Abramelin, a 17th century grimoire.
A bitter Sophia rents an isolated house in rural Wales, in order to help convince short tempered, occultist Joseph Solomon to lead her in a grueling, months-long rite in the old mansion, which will eventually summon her guardian angel. They will then both be allowed to ask the angel to grant them a special favor. A visibly grieving Sophia will ask her angel to be able to speak to her dead seven year old son. The serious and demanding Solomon explains to Sophia that once they begin, if they leave the house before the ritual is culminated they will be in grave peril. He says she must spend months of punishing exercises, in which they will be dealing with real demons and angels; she agrees. Over months she complies methodically with dozens of harrowing and painful exercises, but refuses to do the forgiveness ceremony. Grudgingly they get to know one another.
However, after months a frustrated Sophia complains that it's taking too long, and Solomon accuses her of impairing the ritual by not being honest about something. She admits that the real favor she will ask the angel is revenge upon whoever kidnapped and killed her son. That night he awakens her to insist that because her dishonesty has made her unpure, a re-birthing ritual in the tub is required. However, he drowns her, says a spell, and revives her with CPR. Angry afterward in the kitchen, she pushes him and Solomon accidentally falls on a large kitchen knife, impaling him in the side. As she treats the wound with their meager medical supplies, he explains that this is a sign that the ritual is beginning to work, and that she will have her revenge. He discloses that he will ask the angel to be invisible for the rest of his life, in order to be away from people "to gain some quiet before the howl."
As Solomon soldiers on with the wound, insisting he is just fine, Sophia begins seeing and hearing dark and menacing presences in the house, including the pleading voice of her son. As Solomon's wound becomes increasingly infected, he begins to fail, and eventually dies in his sleep. When she goes back to his books for further instruction, everything has been crossed out, unreadable. Sophia steps beyond the perimeter of the house, but her car won't start. After walking a lengthy distance down an empty road, she is disturbed to realize that she has arrived back at the mansion.
She re-enters to discover various kinds of demons appearing and re-appearing. At one point, one smashes her over the head, and they drag her to the basement, tormenting her, and cut off a finger, as she tells them how sorry she is. However, they retreat as a brilliant white light fills the house. She finds a massive, beatific angel in armor awaiting her; Sophia asks it for the power to forgive, and it smiles. Later she performs a water burial of Solomon in a nearby pond, and drives away.
It was one of my first matches for film bereaved woman summons angel but probably because I do so many of these searches.
FuzzyBootsFuzzyBoots
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I love writing and have gotten many story ideas and inspiration from role play. I have several groups on Facebook and have made some amazing friends there. Check them out if you like.
Thanos learns that the only way for him to repair the flaw in the universe would be to destroy the universe and re-construct it. He is finally driven to mindless rage by the attempt of the cosmic powers to usurp his reign, and decides in one fateful, final moment to absorb the entirety of the universe back into himself, so that none might ever again threaten his reign. Thanos is thus able to use the Heart's power to absorb the cosmic beings into himself—and, in doing so, he absorbs the entire multiverse.
The cosmic hero Adam Warlock, who was outside space-time continuum when Thanos absorbed the universe, appears to Thanos and explains to him what had transpired. Adam convinces Thanos to sacrifice himself to restore the universe. Lady Death herself, whom Thanos has long been in love with, also managed to escape. Lady Death caresses Thanos's cheek, kisses him for deciding to sacrifice himself, and disappears into the now empty void of space, leaving Thanos awe-struck. Thanos's whereabouts are unknown at this time.
By doing this Thanos unintentionally created a void which pulled all planes of existence into one. All are now part of the same universe.
Now the fun begins, where does it leave the rest of the worlds. How do we live/work/play/love and defend this new World this Elseworld.
Ever play Dungeons and Dragons? Well this isnt exactly that but its close. D&D is meant for table top Role Play but this is as close as we can get on Facebook. Play your favorite race/class, and join in the fight to save the Kindgom, or fight for your own glory. The choice is yours.
Although the framework is a lot like Dungeons and Dragons this is still a role play. We will not be using character sheets of dice. We will plot in chats and create stories and write in threads.
The Kingdom of Rèisean Aonaichte (which is Gaelic for United Races) is in turmoil. The king has died many years ago and the heirs to his throne are missing or presumed dead. The people live in fear as roving bands of orcs and bandits rule the countryside. Will you fight to save your village? Fight to take the throne? What do you want gold? Glory?
During a Mutant/Human piece rally Charles Xavier's power flares out of control, killing hundreds and injuring a thousand or more.
Three months later Senator Kelly is killed when his plane explodes mid flight. He was on his way to Washington DC to discuss laws to protect humans from the "mutant menace" as he called it.
His assasination pushs throough what became Called the Kelly bill. Rendering all mutants to second class citizens and for them to be registered and segregated from baseline humans.
The year is now 2050. Mutants have segregated to the Island of New York, and are heavly policed.
Sentinel Services runs a program called the Hound program that uses mutants as Hunters and police against thier own kind as well as robotic killing machines dubbed Sentinels. All mutants are tattooed with a M over thier left eye once registered and moved to New York.


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What if I told you that you are the apple of my eye?
What if I told you that I knew you before you were conceived in your mother's womb?
What if I told you that I know every single hair on your head?
What if I told you that I carry you on the palm of my victorious right hand, valuable son?
What if I told you that your face is ever before me?
What if I told you that I have divine plans for you?
What if I told you, fear not, beautiful one?
What if I told you that even though the vision seems unreachable, it will come to pass?
What if I told you that I will complete what I have begun with your life, if you let me?
What if I told you that you have been created no less than another?
What if I told you that I breathed, and still breathe, into you precious daughter?
What if I told you to cast your burdens on to me and I will give you rest?
What if I told you that my yoke is easy and my burden is light?
What if I told you that you have wept but your joy will come?
What if I told you that there will be laughter in your mouth?
What if I told you that there will be singing on your tongue?
What if I told you that I will make every crooked path straight priceless child?
What if I told you that the victory is yours when you turn over your battles to me?
What if I told you that I have given you power to become more than a conqueror?
What if I told you that I will bring you healing from the top of your head to the soles of your feet?
What if I told you that I do not sleep, searching for ways to reach and bless you?
What if I told you that I can renew your strength and point you towards your purpose and destiny?
What if my power is real? What if I am real?
What if I put divine abilities within you? How will you know?
How will you know if you do not stop and think about it?
How will you know if you are listening to every voice except mine?
How will you know if you have concluded that I do not exist?
What if I told you fear not, for I am with you always; that I will never leave you nor forsake you?
I love you higher than the highest mountain, deeper than the deepest valley.
But you will only know if you turn to me, valuable son, precious daughter, priceless child. The choice to turn to me for power to become your ultimate best, is yours. It is your free-will.
I have knocked on the door of your heart, reminded you of my existence, reminded you of how valuable, precious and priceless you are to me. I have reminded you of who you are to me. The rest is up to you. Will you take my hand, tap into me and try me?
Will you take His victorious right hand, unconditional love, unspeakable joy, indescribable peace and overcome?


I recently made some bar cookies and let them cool in their pan. They ended up on the dry side. Is there a time limit you suggest for allowing bar cookies to remain in the pan they were baked in?
I usually leave the cookies until they are cool enough to be handled by hand, about 5 minutes.
Cook's Illustrated points out that leaving cakes and bar cookies in their pans too long can result in dryness, probably from overcooking from the hot sides of the pan. Cool them just long enough to stabilize the gluten-starch structure (10 minutes or so) then transfer to a rack to finish cooling.
Thank you all so much for your help!! I love this feature of Food 52. The thing is, I've made this bar cookie three times now - the first time they were stupendous. The second and third times too dry. I do think the only difference must be that I left them to cool longer the second and third times and that they were "baking" some more in the hot pan while they were cooling. I want to make half a batch next time just for experimental purposes, probably put in some parchment or foil to be able to lift them out after about 5 minutes. It's so disappointing to take all that time baking something to have it end up dry!!!
I use the "basket" technique for quick breads, too, and it works like a charm. I just use parchment, then trim it to just above the level of the pan so that it doesn't flop over and mar the surface of what I'm baking (learned that one the hard way). I agree with SeaJambon that they sound a bit overbaked. Bar cookies typically shouldn't be baked until solid (in other words, clean toothpick) in the center. If they are, the edges will likely overbaked. I use the tap test - tap with my fingertips in the center, and if it feels set but not solid, I take them out. You can always bake them longer, but it's difficult to unbake them.
I will make a "basket" so that I can remove the bar cookies in case they need to be removed so they don't over cook. Lay one strip of aluminum foil across the pan leaving room to create flaps. Lay another strip the opposite way leaving flaps as well. Makes it way easier to get out if need be.
I agree you should look toward cooking time / temperature or your recipe for the solution. If it's touted as "low fat", that could be the issue.
That's an interesting result. As HalfPint notes, a little cooling and then remove from pan is typically easier to remove than waiting until they are fully cold (although, I've learned to put parchment paper underneath, and then there are no removal issues, whether fully cool or otherwise). I'm puzzled, however, at a link between length of cooling and "dryness", and would think to look first at the recipe, not the cooling, for how dry the result was (unless the cookie was overcooked? Again, even in that case, the in-pan/out-of-pan cooling wouldn't change the texture...).
I usually let bar cookies cool for about 10 minutes in the pan before transferring to a cooling rack. They're easier to remove from the pan while still warm, but boiling hot (ie. right out of the oven).


If an employee stops making contributions to a 401(k) plan while on sabbatical, may the employer stop making contributions during this time also?
Does an employer need to accommodate an employee's request for time off for religious reasons?
Frequently asked questions and answers on HR issues relating to employee leaves: other leaves.


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The Lancer Link • March 28, 2014 • https://thelancerlink.com/sports/2014/03/28/boys-varsity-volleyball-defeats-top-hawaiian-team/
Boys varsity volleyball defeats top Hawaiian team
Sierra Gomperts
Senior Taylor Bloomquist goes up for a kill during his game against Kamehameha. This was the Lancers first game of the season. They won after the fourth game.
Grace McGinty, Sports Editor
For the first time in two years, the boys varsity volleyball team took on a top team from Hawaii, Kamehameha on Mar. 18. At their last meeting two years ago the Lancers lost after five sets, however this year Carlsbad came out on top after only four sets, establishing their dominance early on in the season.
The Lancers came hitting hard in the first set, beating Kamehameha 25-21. Senior setter, Emerson Waumans, set up the hitters Jakob Karlsson, Austin Urie and Taylor Bloomquist for continual kills. Blocks by juniors Matt Muilenburg and Chandler Matteson helped to defend against Kemehameha. Though Carlsbad started strong, Kamehameha took the second set 25-22.
"It was my first game back all season and it felt really good to play the number two team in Hawaii and show what our team is bringing to the plate this season," senior Jakob Karlsson said. "The improvement we've seen from last season to this season is huge and we are excited to play more high competition and bring some more wins to Carlsbad."
The Lancers swept the next set with a lead of 25-18. While in the fourth set, Carlsbad came back from a deep 23-16 deficit and ended up winning with a score of 28-26. Carlsbad defeated the number two team in Hawaii in only four sets, giving them momentum for the rest of the season.
"The season is looking really good, we have a great lineup and a team of really experienced players which will help us go far," junior Emilio Bunnell said. "We had a slow start in the first tournament, Best of the West, where we played really hard teams. But when we beat both Kamehameha and Mission Hills, we got our confidence back."
The volleyball team moves on with their (3-4) record to take on Poway on Mar. 25 and Torrey Pines, the number three team in San Diego, on Mar. 26.
"We have coaches who condition us a lot and have us playing 100% everyday so that we are ready for the high intensity games we have coming up this season," senior Taylor Bloomquist said. "We are all really pumped to play the teams around here in San Diego so we can see how we rank and what it will take to win both CIF and league, which is the main goal for this season."


The new Civil War television series Point of Honor began filming there in the fall, as has Meg Ryan's directorial debut, Ithaca, which will feature both Meg Ryan and Tom Hanks. In addition, New Millennium Studios – Virginia's first full-service film studio – is located in Petersburg. Founded by Hollywood veterans Tim and Daphne Maxwell, the 59 acre, $11 million facility is an important economic driver.
Hollywood insiders are drawn to Petersburg's stunning Revolutionary and Civil War era architecture – as well as the city's low cost of doing business and pro-business policies. And they are not the only ones; Chinese pharmaceutical giant UniTao has just announced that it will be investing $22.5 million to establish operations in the business friendly city. "This is the first operation that they will have in the United States," Mr. Johnson reports. Petersburg competed against locations in both California and China to snag the lucrative deal, which will create 376 new jobs.
Arnold Pen Company, Seward Trunk Company, Titmus Optical, Amsted Rail-Brenco bearings are some major employers in the area. Fort Lee is also located nearby. With a daily population averaging 34,000 – a number that includes service members and their families, government civilians, and contractors – the military base plays a significant role in the community. Virginia State University, a historically black college / university (HBCU), although located in Chesterfield County, is also an important part of the community – and has been educating students since 1882.
There are also plenty of public transportation options to whisk residents from here to there. CSX and Norfolk Southern rail systems both have transportation centers in Petersburg and Amtrak offers daily service to and from the city. An extensive bus system provides transportation within the city, as well as to Richmond and the nearby communities of Colonial Heights, Dinwiddie, and Hopewell.
For businesses considering a move to this transportation hub, Petersburg offers incentive plans and enterprise zones. "We work very closely with the Virginia Economic Development Partnership (VEDP) to create these different incentives and opportunities," explains Mr. Johnson.
A number of developers are taking advantage of these programs. In one exciting, $6.2 million project, the old Butterworth's building has just been transformed into a place for "artists to work, live, play," with 45 apartments, 78 studios, and an event area. The old BB&T bank building is being renovated and will soon house city offices, commercial space, and market rate apartments. In Petersburg's downtown area, roughly 1,000 new market rate apartments have been constructed over the past decade. And, on the outskirts of town, two new subdivisions have recently been built. Using $752,000 in grant money, downtown Petersburg's South Side Depot is in the process of being restored and converted into a visitor center for Petersburg National Battlefield. "That will attract an additional 15,000 to 20,000 visitors a year to Old Towne Petersburg," Mr. Johnson predicts.
The city has also been working on dredging the Appomattox River, which runs alongside town. The project will make the waterway navigable, allowing commercial use of the river as well as recreational options including a harbor, pier, park, and other amenities.
There have also been a number of new healthcare related developments. HealthSouth Rehabilitation Hospital has recently completed its third expansion, making it the largest HealthSouth operation in Virginia. Poplar Springs Hospital opened a 32-bed, multi-million dollar treatment center for active duty military personnel. Southside Regional Medical Center completed a $10 million state-of-the-art Medical Arts Pavilion that offers radiation therapy, oncology infusion, and women's imaging. The Petersburg Freedom Support Center also opened last year, offering a wide range of services to veterans and their families. Bon Secours Health System will be opening up a new location in the Petersburg Freedom Support Center early December that will provide healthcare to all Petersburg residents.
This commitment to preserving Petersburg's past is crucial; the city is rich in history, and African American history in particular. Petersburg was the site of one of the nation's oldest and largest free black settlements, Pocahontas Island, and the local African American population has always played a powerful role in the city's success. In the late 18th century, Petersburg residents established two of the first black churches in America. In the early 19th century, the city's citizens helped found the African nation of Liberia. A large number of black soldiers fought in and around Petersburg during the Civil War, and the city is famous for its role in the war. Petersburg also went on to play a key role in the Civil Rights Movement.
Petersburg has been busy celebrating the 150th anniversary of the siege of Petersburg, and the city is actively celebrating the important contributions that African Americans made in the war. "We are beginning to tell a different side of the story – the role that Afro-Americans played in the Civil War and in history in general," Mr. Johnson shares. There have been multiple Sesquicentennial Anniversary events, including reenactments, lectures, tours, and a 1,000-square-foot traveling panel exhibition called An American Turning Point: The Civil War in Virginia. This exhibit focuses on Civil War voices that have been marginalized in the past – namely free and enslaved African Americans, women, and children – and offers insight into how the war affected civilian populations.
While Petersburg boasts a proud past, the city is also focused on the future. Petersburg is actively seeking developers, particularly those that would bring in new hotels, restaurants, retail, and entertainment venues. "The opportunities are outstanding," Mr. Johnson states. "And we have the land to accommodate all of this [development] here in the city." Petersburg is also eager to continue its lucrative relationship with Hollywood. In addition, tourism is being promoted, and heritage tourism in particular.


How to use marketing automation?
Best marketing automation software and platforms.
1 What is marketing automation??
You are here that your goal for digital marketing is to generate more revenue on your website by traffic which converts traffic into leads and then those leads to customers.
Marketing automation software and equipment always have a good impact on your campaigns.
Marketing automation refers to software that completes your marketing automatically. The software is designed to assist you in prioritizing and executing your marketing tasks more streamlined and efficient.
It will free up some of your time. And this will help you reach your goals faster.
2 How to use marketing automation?
As a goal of changing traffic to Leeds, first, you have to focus on your efficiency as a user of marketing automation softwares is very important.
The most effective and simplest way to use marketing automation software for leads is to generate email traffic for your traffic email database which strikes readers and potentially qualifies them as a special piece of content Uses.
Below, we have created a sample workflow by using it, you can generate your email database with the help of marketing automation software.
The best way to build your users list is to give content to your readers to capture email addresses. If you already have a website that receives traffic from search engines or social media.
There are several ways to do this that you can do. The first is to present a lead magnet, such as a free report or eBook or any other free good quality content.
Conversion XL (one of the best tools in the list of marketing automation software) does this by providing a free guide for conversion optimization for readers who choose to receive email content.
After receiving the email, it's time to start a conversation. The best way to do this is to distribute the content according to your promise.
The last step in this process is to gradually warm up the remaining customers time to time.
Unless you have a highly motivated audience, you may be warm over time by sending interesting, helpful email content before adding again or again in the future weeks or months.
Software alone won't make you a marketing genius, but it will help you to just stay focused on high-value tasks while putting the busywork to one side and save time for other things.
A number of other best Digital Marketing Automation softwares and tools are available for small business.
All promoters or SEM always love marketing automation software because it will reduce manual efforts.
Here we suggested selected some most popular Sales and Marketing automation softwares.
I hope this marketing automation software and tools will help to develop your blog and business to the next level.
While talking about best marketing automation softwares for digital marketing, the Google Analytics is undoubtedly a tool that cannot miss the list.
Also, by google analytics to can analyze the complete performance of the website and will help to assign goal and necessary actions to take business to next level.
This is another very useful free in the list of digital marketing automation software, which allows users to access the most useful and relevant content, with the input of only keyword backlinks input of inbound outbound.
This marketing automation software brings together every single digital channel.
Marketo offers easy digital marketing by offering email marketing, inbound marketing, upsell and cross-selling, lead generation, event marketing, optimized advertising spend solutions and more.
Powerful and user-friendly, marketing automation marketo is definitely a software that digital marketers are looking to organize proficiency in marketing and sales for a long time to improve their revenue.
The best thing about this tool is that HubSpot lets you take care of all types of online marketing campaigns very easily.
Sometimes marketing campaigns are very frustrating, but HubSpot makes a simple sense to understand the entire marketing process.
Once all, you can enjoy more traffic through customized, fairlead conversion campaigns, and attract more traffic to generate leads for your website.
It not only provides tools for inbound marketing, but it's also inbound – and its software has been carefully designed to automate all facets of a great campaign.
This tool also provides other possibilities for designing your site, SEO, content development, enhancing landing pages with a powerful call-to-action, the HubSpot brings it all like something else.
Flexibility: No matter what your company size is, it will meet all your digital marketing needs.
The underlying digital marketing comes from best-known innovative global experts.
Only starts at $ 200 / month, making it accessible to a wide range of different enterprises.
It is a trailblazing inbound marketing software company that helps businesses turn their marketing from an outbound lead generation to inbound leads generation.
Pardot and it's become the "official B2B marketing automation softwares" for Salesforce.
It's a simplify B2B marketing with automation, in turn streamlining the efficiency of the sales and marketing teams and revenue of your company in the long run.
Real-time updates and tracking: Probably the best plus of using Pardot is its lead deck that enables you with real-time updates and actions by just one-click.
Easy customization: It's one of those few tools that leverage your hand for customization.
Pardot has long been appreciated for its customer support and training.
With SEO, it helps in organizing inbound and outbound strategies, specific features for landing pages, email management, and events.
A comprehensive data studio and uninterrupted CRM integration can depend on this software for client program and analysis.
Act-On brings together inbound and outbound marketing so that your brand is tight. Everything from SEO, social media, contact form, and landing pages is included. Lead nutrition, scoring, and inventory management can all be fully automated.
It's easy to use despite the huge feature set. Important UX tweaks are running.
Customer provides assets for awareness and acquisition, not only retention and loyalty.
Pricing by "Active Contact" instead of the database size makes it affordable and scalable.
Integrated cloud-based marketing of this software enables Automation Services, Marketers, to completely build inbound, outbound and lead nutrition programs to maximize their return on marketing investment.
The best thing about Eloqua is that it enables B2B cross-channel marketing solutions for companies to automate marketing campaigns and deploy them. But that is not all. It also provides a personalized customer experience for their possibilities.
If you have an ambitious plan to expand practical data implementation. So this is the best tool in our list of marketing automation softwares.
With the help of Campaign Monitor, you get famous email brands with cheap monthly plans.
Not only can you design attractive emails in a few seconds, but you also get remarkably grainy customer trips that can stay in long-term relationships without interference.
Easy and Strong User Partition Each person has the exact experience you employ.
Simple "drag and drop" interface lets you easily design amazing email campaigns.
Powerful automation workflows that go beyond the standard for granular trigger effects.
Active Campaign takes some of the best ideas from marketing and sales enablement, combining them in ways that make perfect sense.
It functions as a CRM with integrated communication between your team, but also provides email marketing, site messaging, and SMS to keep contacts warm.
Centralizing data into a single source, it breaks down old sales and marketing methods.
Automates marketing, email campaigns, and sales/CRM as a seamless experience.
Makes follow-up easy and intuitive using personal and behavioral customer data.
By focusing on customized "smart content options" helps better to position brands for the newest trends.
Iterable is one of our proud names in the list of Best Marketing Automation Softwares.
It is made from land to be market-friendly.
It is a versatile approach to market segmentation and provides multi-channel campaigns that can be flexible move from platform to platform.
For example, SMS messages triggered by cart abandonment.
Supports explosion, life cycle and transaction campaign in all digital channels.
Laser Focus on Development Marketing for B2C Enterprises makes it ideal for your market.
facilitates A / B split testing, experimentation, and division with easy workflows.
Marketing 360 is a powerful marketing and provides an online platform for any type of business to improve the imprint of its market and gain fame.
Marketing 360 is an integrated marketing automation software command center that lets you manage your ads in Google, Facebook, LinkedIn, etc.
It comes with full of marketing tools like CRM, Email marketing, Social media marketing, SMS tools etc. Apart from this, you also get access to the company's hands and creative talent.
Fully managed services mean that the most complex campaign tasks are handled for you.
In the brain, small and medium-sized businesses have been built with special needs.
Full leadership nutrition, scoring, and management solutions in a simple package.
Analytics allows you to organize the solution in a strong view.
In our list of marketing automation softwares this software was created to enhance your company's revenue through a strong marketing lead within a full marketing software suite.
Its responsive landing pages featuring designs, widgets, made this software suitable for any type of business, and use every possibility to capture leads with the inbound email to communicate with online chat, email or phone call. The benefits of, lead nutrition can be more efficient.
Leadsquared customers include; Worldwide package, accessibility, this software is best known for its services by a focus to simplify digital marketing needs of small and medium scale companies.
This automated sales and marketing software solution Suitable for all industries, it promotes speed and efficiency.
Designed only for small businesses and offers you one-by-one approach.
Infusionsoft provides a stellar customer relationship management (CRM) solution, email and social marketing updates, which are automated, real-time lead scoring and e-commerce shopping carts that stop sacrificing. Existing clients include Mint Social, Salon Breakthrough Strategies and CleanCorp Cleanliness Service.
Infusiesoft is one of the best software when it comes to marketing automation software for small businesses.
Sales Fusion is another prominent name in our list of digital marketing automation softwares, Not so very easy in use as compared to the above tools but specially engineered to provide services for B2B companies with lots of advanced and helpful features.
If you think that you have reduced the value from the Google AdWords, then WordStream Advisor is the place where you want to move forward.
The cutting-edge cross-platform display means that you can access integrated analytics dash at any time, anywhere.
Paid search and payment synthesize social advertising.
Some of the easiest and most intuitive reports for internal stakeholders and customers.
It's very easy to use and benefit from the inbuilt knowledge tool.
In our list of marketing automation software, "IMP" is one of the fastest tools for automation. I used it personally several times and I always impressed with its speed.
Very easy to keep an eye on analysis reports because of its Integrates marketing communication, brand identity, and campaign analytics.
Designed for limited but powerful tasks.
This is the most different software for automation, in which the main feature of this device is mainly focused on channel management so that you can work smoothly with channel partners and partners all over the world.
Manage tires, track MDF requests and business planning submissions, and get full competence. Through a strong deal registration and management, you will always know which partners are working and how to help them.
Designed specifically for multi-level channel involvement.
Net-result made its name as a marketing automation software of choice for those who switched from another solution to find an easy solution.
It is highly extensible and offers full API access, which means that you can go for your customization to your standards.
This top enterprise integrates easily with CRM. Also, to ensure that your message is as good as possible, your team will benefit from relevant equipment.
This marketing software has a different place in our list of marketing automation software.
provide live support including "Unlimited" on board to get you rolling.
API access for enterprises which are hungry to take things to the next level.
There is a big and dedicated following among the buyers of the second time.
Mautic provides free and open source marketing automation software available to everyone. Free email marketing software, lead management software.
Mautic allows you to add custom fields to your contacts such as birthdate, budget, meeting date, job information about your customers.
Provides various facility like customer management and also provides a free platform.
Hope this all marketing automation Softwares will help you to increase your productivity. Please, comments about the article or any other marketing automation software for review. Have a nice promotion with wishes for your day.
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Thanks a lot for sharing the useful piece of information. It was comprehensive information on every tool required in the importance of automation. The article contains every small detail which can be needed for any marketer who is looking for the right tools for successful marketing. Well, being a marketer who is working on SaaS product, I also agree that Hubspot offers a great product. But I am not satisfied with every feature provided by it.
It lacks the functionality of In-app messaging- same as Marketo, Active Campaign, Pardot. But contrary to the these mentioned tools, Aritic PinPoint gave the opportunity to get the in-app messaging. I found Aritic PinPoint to be the best in class marketing automation tool.
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Interesting to watch this go on from a distance, especially immediately after the devastating fires in Colorado. The InterWebs vibrate in alarm just like real webs. And there's a palpable difference in feel depending on the type and scale of the damage.
Facebook is only free because *you're* the product!!
But OH MY GOD relax! All that's really being sold is a marketing profile of you. Never before in history have you ever been given so much in return for such information. Yes, before, it was obvious, when you filled out an entry form to win the beautiful car parked behind velvet ropes at the mall, that you were exchanging your address and phone number for a 1 in a million chance of winning the car. Now it's not so obvious, but it's the same thing and the service that Facebook provides is nothing short of amazing. Much better than a 0.0001% chance of winning a car.
So, yes, Facebook is free for perfectly capitalist reasons. It's ok. Really.
All the other complaints in this article about how FB threatens to Zuck up the human race? They're legit, but singling out Facebook is overreaching. These problems are the inevitable outgrowth of our increasingly connected technological environment. It was always going to be the case that we'd start to abuse that easy connectivity just as we abuse easy access to food. See Diseases of affluence on Wikipedia.
You might as well blame Cisco.
I love social networking. Say what you will, it's never been easier to keep in touch with friends and family.
As a technologist, I particularly love the "network" part of it. I'm really happy about the way the big companies have opened up their APIs, which allows third party developers to add all sorts of functionality that no one company, however large, could or would build on their own. I also roll my eyes when people complain that Facebook and other social networks are…GASP…exposing our personal information without our knowledge. Why? Because it's not without our knowledge. You don't even have to read fine print to understand that. Sharing personal information is the purpose of social networks after all. It does mean that people share more than they used to, and that can be embarrassing in ways that didn't used to be possible, but I think it's worth it.
This entry was posted in Social Networking and tagged data mining, privacy, social networks on May 29, 2012 by admin.


Patients will be advised on their recommended treatment and estimated cost, as well as any alternative treatments. Both patient and attending faculty must sign the Treatment Plan once the plan is understood and accepted.
Fee estimates are based upon current fees at the time the treatment plan was signed. Please note that our fees are reviewed annually.
The fee charged at the time any service or procedure is started will be the fee that is currently in effect. Estimated fees are honored for two (2) years unless: 1) the treatment plan requires change due to changes in the patient's oral condition or patient neglect; 2) the patient does not follow the treatment schedule as directed by his/her student doctor; 3) treatment is delayed due to patient availability or finances.
At each visit, you should be advised of the costs of each succeeding procedure so that you are prepared for the subsequent charges. Please question your student doctor if this is not clear.
Payment is due in full at the time the service is provided. We accept cash, personal checks, money orders and credit/debit cards. For those who qualify, we also offer financing options through a third party (Care Credit, see below).
Payment financing is available through Care Credit, a well-known third-party provider of such services. Payment options include 24, 36, 48, and 60-month fixed rate installment programs as well as the 6-month no interest if paid in full program. Care Credit is subject to customer credit approval.
Penn Dental Medicine accepts direct payments from most dental insurance plans. Penn Dental Medicine accepts all Medicaid plans offered to residents of Southeastern Pennsylvania. Contact your insurance company or consult your certificate of coverage for details on covered or non-covered services, co-payment requirements, service limitations or restrictions, yearly maximum, and the insurance plan participating or non-participating relationship with Penn Dental Medicine.
Your student doctor must obtain prior authorization from your carrier in advance for most treatments costing more than $300 potentially covered by your carrier. This is so that we can provide you with as much information on the amount for which you will be responsible before you receive the treatment. In some cases, you have the right to waive this process, although we do not recommend it. While your insurance carrier may state that a particular procedure is a covered benefit, many larger dollar procedures are subject to a review by the insurance carrier before payment is made.
Possession of an insurance ID card does not guarantee eligibility. Your coverage must be valid at the time of treatment.
Patients obtaining coverage after admission are expected to notify their student doctor or central registration and scheduling (CRSC) so this can be noted on your record. Claims cannot be made retroactively; therefore, patients not informing Penn Dental Medicine of any changes are liable for treatment performed without authorization.
For services requiring laboratory work (e.g. crowns, bridges, dentures), 2/3 of the fee is due prior to submitting the case to the dental laboratory to make the final prosthesis. The remaining balance is due at the time of insertion. For implant services and periodontal surgical procedures, prepayment must be made in full before treatment is provided.
Failure to maintain an up-to-date balance will result in Penn Dental Medicine withholding service until the balance is paid, including any collection charges that have been assessed. If, after the third billing cycle, you do not remit payment, your account may be sent to collection, your treatment will be suspended, and you may be dismissed as a patient.


Simple yet elegant, The Park Residence @ Bangkok offers 2 dining options, karaoke facilities, and rooms with free Wi-Fi. Huay Kwang MRT Station is right in front of the hotel.
The Park's air-conditioned rooms feature a flat-screen cable/satellite TV and a safety deposit box. A mini fridge and tea/coffee making facilities are also provided. The private bathroom has a hairdryer, hot and cold shower, and bath toiletries.
Guests can have a Thai massage or relax in the sauna. The karaoke facilities are great for enjoying an evening with friends. For guests' convenience, the hotel provides foreign currency exchange and laundry services.
Local and international dishes are served at the 2 restaurants. Park Café offers air-conditioned comfort, while Park Terrace features outdoor seating and live musical entertainment in the evenings.
The Park Residence Bangkok is 25 km from Don Muang Airport. Suvarnabhumi Airport is 30 km from the hotel.
Air-conditioned room features a flat-screen cable/satellite TV, a minibar and an electric kettle. Free toiletries and a hairdryer are included in an en suite bathroom.
Rate: THB 1536.00 ... THB 1584.00; select dates below to get current rates.


The Mil-tek 2509 baler is the perfect solution for dealing with large volumes of cardboard and/or plastic, particularly when space is a premium. Despite its small footprint, the 2509 can produce a bale of up to 882 lbs.
The Mil-tek 2509 is used in companies and locations where there is a need for handling a larger amount of trash without taking up much floor space. The 2509 baler is ideal for loading whole cardboard boxes, eliminating the need for flat packing and regular trips to outside dumpsters.
The cardboard bales fit perfectly on to a standard pallet, making them easy to store and transport. The Mil-tek 2509 can be situated close to where waste is generated, and its safety and operational features makes the 2509 an ergonomic, easy, clean and safe machine to use.
Currys is a British electrical retailer operating in the UK and Ireland. They installed a Mil-tek 509 in store to effectively reduce the amount of space dedicated to trash.
Buildbase is a national builders' merchant with 130 branches throughout the UK. They partnered with Mil-tek to reduce their trash costs and the amount of trash being sent to landfill.
The wide door and deep chamber of the Mil-tek 2509 baler means large volumes of cardboard can be baled without the need for breaking down or flat packing. Plastic packaging stored in Mil-tek plastic bag stands can be placed directly into the baler saving time and therefore cost when dealing with packaging trash.


The Motorola Titanium optimizes your productivity by keeping tasks organized in your phone's calendar and customizing your home screen. Running on the Android 2.1 (Eclair) operating system, this Motorola cell phone works at fast speeds to make calling and texting easy. This phone features a 3.1" touchscreen and has a rear-facing camera with 5MP. The screens resolution is 320 x 480 pixels for clear images. The QWERTY keyboard makes typing quick and simple and with talk time of up to 400 minutes and 220 hours of standby time, the Motorola Titanium is the ideal cell phone for on-the-go conversations.


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Louise Stanbury
"Her practice includes cases of serious abuse and chronic neglect." Legal 500 2017
Louise has practised exclusively in family law since completing her pupillage.
Appointed as a Recorder in 2020
Appointed as a First Tier Tribunal Judge (fee paid) sitting in the Social Entitlement Chamber in 2020
"She has a broad Children Act practice and is experienced in Brussels II cases." Legal 500 2016
"Knowledgeable on all aspects of public and private children law" Legal 500 2015
Recommended as a 'leading Junior' in the Legal 500 2014 as "experienced in all types of Children Act Proceedings".
Recommended for Family Law Cases (Legal 500 2013)
Recommended for Children Act Work (Legal 500 2012)
Recommended in the Family Law Section (Legal 500 2011)
Louise has wide experience in a full range of Children Act proceedings including public law applications, private law applications and adoption cases and has successfully appeared in the High Court and Court of Appeal.
Louise is extremely thorough and efficient in her approach to each case with an eye for the relevant detail. She can be a tenacious advocate when necessary and her clear and direct advice coupled with a friendly and approachable manner are suited to the sensitivities of many family cases.
Louise is available to provide training and seminars in all areas of her practice. She regularly accepts instructions directly from members of the public as well as via solicitor referrals. She welcomes enquiries from the public via her clerks.
Within her public law practice Louise is regularly instructed to represent parents and other family members and has considerable experience representing children through their Guardians.
She is frequently instructed to advise and represent local authorities in complex public law cases.
Louise deals with cases including those involving:
Complex or conflicting medical evidence
Child death
Non accidental injury
Chronic neglect
Allegations of serious sexual and/or physical abuse
She also has experience in dealing with cases involving Brussels II Revised (BIIR).
Louise is regularly instructed in lengthy and complex finding of fact hearings and has successfully represented parents in applications for revocation of a placement order.
Louise has busy and varied private law practice. Her experience covers the full range of Children Act applications such as:
Protracted contact cases including those where one parent is implacably hostile
Cases involving allegations of sexual abuse or domestic violence
Applications to permanently remove children from the jurisdiction
Cases involving families in same sex relationships and sperm donors
Specific issue applications in relation to schooling, names and religious practice.
G (A Child) [2018] EWCA Civ 305
Appeal by the same sex parents of the child against a child arrangements order, which provided for the sperm donor's parents to have contact with the child. Appeal dismissed.
Re AB v Doncaster MBC (BIIR: Care Proceedings) [2012] EWCA Civ 978; [2013] 1 FLR 168
Representation of a Lithuanian Mother in care proceedings where the case was initially transferred to the High Court due the possibility of the Lithuanian authorities requesting a return of the child pursuant to Art 56 of Brussels II Revised (BIIR). The case was remitted back to the county court directing that the court should determine whether the child should be returned to the care of her mother and, if not, the practical arrangements should be made for compliance with the Art 56 request. On appeal it was held that this had been a wrong interpretation of Art 56, in that there was no entitlement of a Member State to call for the placement of a child within its jurisdiction; Art 56 placed a consultative obligation on the English court but it did not tie the hands of the court or exclude or reduce its obligation to arrive at its own judgment as to the child's best interests; and the judge's order was in error to the extent that it treated Art 56 as if the English court were obligated to return the child and comply with a possible request from the Lithuanian authorities for a return of the child.


text:
ACAPULCO, Mexico -- Montreals Eugenie Bouchard was eliminated from the quarter-finals of the Mexican Open on Thursday after a 6-
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ACAPULCO, Mexico -- Montreals Eugenie Bouchard was eliminated from the quarter-finals of the Mexican Open on Thursday after a 6-3, 4-6, 1-6 loss to Frances Caroline Garcia. Diego Costa Spain Jersey . Garcia is currently ranked 89th on the WTAs singles standings, while Bouchard is No. 19. The Canadian only saved three of her 10 break points compared to Garcias 7-of-12 conversion rate. Bouchard had two aces compared to Garcias three. Also in the womens tournament, top-seeded Dominika Cibulkova of Slovakia, defeated New Zealands Marina Erakovic to move into the semifinals. Chinas Shuai Zhang beat Croatias Ajla Tomljanovic 6-1, 5-7, 6-2, while American Christina McHale topped Estonias Kaia Kanepi 6-1, 2-6, 6-4. On the mens side, top-seeded David Ferrer withdrew from his quarter-final against South Africas Kevin Anderson in the second set with a left leg strain. Third-ranked Ferrer was leading 6-4, 2-2 when he suffered an inner thigh strain in his left leg. After seeking treatment in the locker room, the Spaniard returned to the court but lost the next two points before retiring. Ferrer said he will have an MRI on Friday and then assess his recovery. "Im very sad because I was playing great", Ferrer said. "I still do not know the extent of the injury. "Ill have to wait and see before taking a determination. The day was going so well for me and then this happened". Anderson will next play Ukraines Alexandr Dolgopolov, who defeated Ivo Karlovic of Croatia, 6-4, 7-6 (4). Anderson, who last week lost the Delray Beach final, will be playing in his first semifinals of an Open 500. "Its unfortunate to win a match like this, but hopefully he gets better", Anderson said after the match. "I talked to him and he said that it happened when he was trying to go for a ball and felt his leg tweak a little bit". Cesar Azpilicueta Spain Jersey .ca. Hello Kerry, After watching Nino Niederreiter clobber Alex Burrows with an open-ice hit on Wednesday, do you think he should have gotten more than the two minutes for interference. Pepe Reina Jersey .C. -- Theyll remember the OT from the first Syracuse-Duke game -- and the Ts that decided Round 2. http://www.soccerspainfansshop.com/Alvaro-Odriozola-UEFA-European-Germany-Jersey/ .com) - James Harden had 32 points, including a tying layup late in regulation, and the Houston Rockets scored eight of their 13 points in overtime at the foul line to beat the Memphis Grizzlies 117-111 on Friday night.Philadelphia, PA - Rory McIlroy won his third major title last weekend with a 2-shot victory at the Open Championship, and that saw him jump up to No. 2 in the world rankings this week. McIlroy, who held off Sergio Garcia and Rickie Fowler and finished at 17- under-par 271 for the championship, jumped six spots from No. 8 and replaced Swedens Henrik Stenson as the No. 2 player in the world. Adam Scott held on to the No. 1 ranking yet again after an impressive 12-under 276 put him in a tie for fifth at the Open. Stenson managed to finish his week at 1-under and he fell one spot to No. 3. Also dropping a spot was Justin Rose, who had won his previous two events entering the Open. Rose is now at No. 4. Garcia vaulted four spots to No. 5 in the world after his second-place finish, while Masters champion Bubba Watson, Matt Kucchar, Jason Day and Tiger Woods all fell two spots and are six through nine, respectively. David de Gea Jersey. Jim Furyk rounded out the top 10 after jumping one spot. Furyk ended in fourth place with a 13-under 275 performance. Furyk swapped spots with Jordan Spieth, who fell to No. 11. This years U.S. Open winner Martin Kaymer stayed put at No. 12. Phil Mickelson and Zach Johnson also remained where they were at 13 and 14. Dustin Johnson and Graeme McDowell each jumped a spot to 15 and 16. Dustin Johnson replaced Hideki Matsuyama, who fell two spots to No. 17. With his third top-5 finish in a major this year, Fowler improved seven spots from No. 25 and is now the 18th ranked player in the world. Rounding out the top 20 was Jimmy Walker and Steve Stricker, both of whom fell one spot to 19 and 20. Youth NFL Jerseys Cheap Stitched Jerseys China Womens NFL Jerseys Wholesale Authentic Jerseys Wholesale Stitched Jerseys Wholesale Nike NFL Jerseys Wholesale NFL Womens Jerseys ' ' '
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