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Forums > Recording Equipment > Tape & Digital Recorders > Digital Recorders >
Recording parallel with ADAT HD24 and RME UFX
Discussion in 'Digital Recorders' started by jokeramik, Oct 23, 2015.
adat hd 24
rme ufx
jokeramik Active Member
there is a problem:
I own an ADAT HD 24 and an RME UFX.
Now I would like to record more than 24 or 30 tracks simultaneously.
After recording I use protools for mixing all tracks
How I synchronize these two devices in such a way, that I haven´t timing problems in the postproduction or mixing.
Is the synchronizing via adat enough or must I use the Midi Time Code?
jokeramik
jokeramik, Oct 23, 2015
Boswell Moderator Distinguished Member
There are two main components to synchronising two or more devices such as these.
Firstly, there is making sure they all run at the same sampling rate, so that when started together, they stay in sync and do not drift. Fortunately, this is a relatively easy problem to solve, and in your case would simply be a matter of using the UFX as a clock source for the HD24. This can be done either by using a BNC wordclock out of the UFX and into the HD24 or by taking an ADAT lightpipe from one of the ADAT outputs on the UFX to ADAT 1 input on the HD24. You then select "wordclock" bzw. "ADAT" clock on the HD24. Assuming that you will be sampling using the HD24 converters, the BNC wordclock method is preferred. Note that if you are using the lightpipe ADAT clock, you do not have to send any audio down the lightpipe for it to work. An added benefit of using an external clock is that it gets round the small inaccuracy in the internal HD24 clock division at 44.1 and 88.2 KHz.
Secondly, there is the problem of starting the recording on the separate devices at the same instant. BNC or ADAT clock synchronisation does not do this for you, as the clock is running all the time the units are powered up. MTC/MMC is indeed the standard way of achieving this, although there are other techniques such as dedicating a track on every recording unit to a time code which is recorded ("striped") along with the audio. Most of these techniques pre-date the advent of computer DAWs, and so do not take into account what can be achieved with a computer-based editor.
Given that your mixdown process will involve transfering the tracks from the HD24 to the DAW, there will need to be a small adjustment due to the different audio path times through the two devices. I suggest that you record using BNC or ADAT clock to keep the device clocks the same but not worry too much about accurate start times, and instead use the DAW to time-shift all the tracks from (say) the HD24 so they line up with the tracks from the UFX. Recording a single click or short tone burst on one of the active tracks of each device at the start of each song helps in doing this. If your DAW is able to output an MMC command to start the recording on the HD24 when you start the UFX recording, the subsequent time shifts needed to line up the tracks will be consistent.
Boswell, Oct 23, 2015
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DonnyThompson Distinguished Member
Akron/Cleveland, OH
Boswell said: ↑
Recording a single click or short tone burst on one of the active tracks of each device at the start of each song helps in doing this. If your DAW is able to output an MMC command to start the recording on the HD24 when you start the UFX recording, the subsequent time shifts needed to line up the tracks will be consistent.
Bos is referring to a method known as "Slating", which goes way back to old film-making... you ever see the guy with the little clapboard, and just before the director says "action", the guy clicks the two pieces of the clapboard together? That's what is known as a "slate". It was meant to make editing easier so that all the different angle cameras would have a visual cue, so that the editor could "sync" all the camera angles.
So, taking that same principle and applying it to audio, as Bos mentioned, simply record a short burst of some kind into both of your recording devices... it could be a handclap, or even you simply saying "Slate". When you import the tracks into your DAW, you can look for that cue point on all of your tracks.
Side note: A word about MTC - depending on what device you are using, it might be beneficial if you would allow an empty measure at the top of the project; MTC has been known to occasionally present a bit of "start lag", and could possibly cut off your first bit of audio info if you start right at 01:01:01:000. This mostly occurs when syncing external midi devices to a DAW or another Midi device, but it could happen with two recording devices as well. Personally, I'd go with MMC instead. Or, if you can, SMPTE.
Types of Synchronization:
MIDI Machine Control : Designed for controlling the transport on tape and multitrack machines. If the multi-track was the MMC master, you press "play" on the multitrack, the sequencer will start. Or in the example below, if you make the sequencer the MMC master, pressing play will start the multi-track. MMC really just controls the transport and sends a locate point--not the timing; its just a switch that says "Go here, then start, stop, rewind, fast forward". What you do to complete the picture is send MTC from the MMC slave.
SMPTE (Society of Motion Pictures and Television Engineers) is still in use in Film and Video today and is embedded right into digital video so no tape tracks are required. In the days of tape recorders, we used SMPTE and striped it on the last track of the tape recorder. On playback, a standard audio cable took the output to a MIDI interface and controlled the sequencer from it.
MTC stands for MIDI Time Code. A series of midi messages that tells other devices what time it is at any given moment in hours, minutes, seconds and frames. MTC is simply understood as a conversion of SMPTE timecode that goes down a MIDI cable. It is sent in quarter frame intervals as MIDI system
-d.
DonnyThompson, Oct 23, 2015
DonnyThompson said: ↑
jokeramik, Mar 12, 2016
bouldersound Real guitars are for old people. Well-Known Member
The most critical thing is to sync the word clocks. Slating is the next most critical thing. Do those two things and you can sync tracks up pretty easily. Timecode is not necessary or all that helpful, and it won't fix a clocking mismatch if the HD24 tracks get imported to PT. If things aren't clocked together they will drift and it may be noticeable.
Special note about the HD24 (standard version, not the XR): the clock is known to be inaccurate at 44.1k. If you are going to record at 44.1k and transfer to another device for mixing you really need to clock it externally.
bouldersound, Mar 13, 2016
bouldersound said: ↑
Quick correction: the HD24 generates its clock on the mainboard, and this is unchanged between standard HD24 and the XR, so the effect is present on both the models.
The reason for the error is that the 54MHz crystal used in the HD24 divides exactly down to 48KHz and 96KHz, but not exactly to 44.1KHz and 88.2 KHz.
Boswell, Mar 14, 2016
DonnyThompson likes this.
Interesting. All the stuff I read, a long time ago now, gave me the impression that the XR upgrade cured the 44.1k problem. I use 48 for other reasons so it's never been relevant to my process.
One thing apart from the very obvious audio quality difference between the HD24 and the HD24XR is that the analogue outputs on standard HD24 are impedance-balanced where they are true balanced on the XR. Impedance-balanced in this instance means that both output lines have the same resistors to ground but the +ve output carries 100% of the signal and there is none on the -ve output. When fed into a real differential input, this arrangement still affords rejection of interference picked up on the connecting cable.
Also interesting. I've never, literally never, used the outputs of my HD24 so I've never had to consider the balancing scheme.


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Home › 2006 › Your personal radio is now here (or hear!)
Your personal radio is now here (or hear!)
By admin on February 19, 2006 • ( 0 )
Over the last month I've been working on a new project, its called podcasting. A bit like Tivo – also known as TV on demand.
With the advent of the mp3 player, audio on the move has taken an even more dynamic path than the original Sony Walkman tape recorder. You can now shrink thousands of songs on to personal player.
Podcasting is a relatively new pass-time. Basically, the consumer can now move into production of audio or video content. The possibilities are truly amazing.
My team and I have now recorded the first episode of Sikhwithin. It is a regular podcast that aims to share knowledge about Sikhism through thoughts focused on honest living and equality for humanity. Join us by contributing and listening to our blog and weekly podcast by sending your Internet browser to the following link:
http://sikhwithin.blogspot.com
Establishing the Podcast 'out there'!
It is amazing that there are now many podcast directory sites. Consider them as the Yahoo/Google equivalent of a list of available podcasts. We have now started to register the one that we have just recorded. To actually get on a listing/site, the podcast directory owners have to authenticate our podcast. It is quite easy to get a podcast if you use i-Tunes. Once found you can quickly transfer it to your connected ipod (Apple Computer's device).
Listening online.
If you do not have a personal mp3 player, for example an i-pod, you can hear the episode/show online.
What is the format of the show and what is in it this week?
The format of the show has been structured into a number of parts:
Introduction – A summary of the show format
Shabad (Sikh Hymn) / Translation (In English)
An aspect of Sikh History
Featured CD of the week (Hopefully over time some interviews)
A Sikh Story
Related Interfaith Songs/Messages/
This week we feature a wonderful CD track/snippet from Dya Singh (Australia) with an built-in translation half-way through the Shabad. Featured on the CD: Naam. The track is called: Man mero gaj, jehba meri koati
We cover some aspects of what it was like at the time when Sikhism was just emerging from Guru Nanak Dev Ji.
We are very grateful to Indi Kaur for allowing us to feature a snippet from her recently released CD, Keep on Walking.
This week we also feature a snippet from Snatam Kaur's 'Long Time Sun' CD track. The CD is called Grace.
We close with some snippets from Stevie Wonder ('Have a talk with God' from the acclaimed, Songs in the Key of life double long player) and One Giant Leap ('Racing Away'), the latter bringing to humanity the wonders of world music.
Resources, Support and Thanks:
We are grateful to Mr Gurumustuk Singh:
http://www.sikhnet.com
http://mrsikhnetaudio.blogspot.com//
You can hear and get connected to buying some great CDs from:
http://www.snatamkaur.com
http://www.spiritvoyage.com
As previously mentioned our Thanks to Indi Kaur.
You can listen to further snippets of her CD and get an opportunity to buy it online at:
http://www.mus1k.com
The research for this podcast this week have been based on:
Biography of Guru Nanak – Hemkunt Press and
A Brief History to Sikhism by Mr G.S Sidhu – SMSociety
Please feel free to send us your feedback. Take Care and believe in Waheguru (The wonderful Lord God).
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ONk-HGUeNfk&t=648s
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Swimming with stingrays casts an illusion of an unencumbered life but has acquired a bad reputation since the death of Steve Irwin. The 44-year-old Crocodile Hunter was pierced by a stingray's poisonous serrated spine in the heart causing him to die at the scene.
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Rand Tyler was telling his teammates about the warehouse.
"It's weird. There is a relatively small square section right in the middle where the floor appears to be native rock — probably the floor of a cave leveled by hand tools. And the crates in that area look really primitive and ancient. I mean, the boards look like they were cut by hand, some of them still have bark on them, and they aren't even all the same width or length. And the crates certainly aren't square. One side might be a couple inches taller than the other; that kind of thing. And the wood is really old — so old it's turned black. And everything on that rock floor is buried in inches of dust!
"So what's in the crates?" Tommy Tamare asked eagerly.
Tommy was astonished to hear fear in Rand's voice. Rand was the bravest person Tommy knew. If something scared Rand, Tommy would be happy to avoid it. But Rex Tyler wasn't going to let them forget the crates and move on. His curiosity was aroused, and he had to know more.
"You didn't figure that out right away when you found the warehouse. I'll bet you looked into a bunch of those dangerous crates before you got scared off, and yet you survived. I, for one, want to know what you found. I'll bet we can use a lot of the stuff that is stored there. If you're not too scared to tell us, that is," he taunted his brother.
"Damn it, Rex! I did look into a couple of them — and I'm not going to look in any more, orders or not." His voice was flat — he wasn't going to argue about this. Perhaps hoping to convince his teammates, he went on in a whisper.
Rex hadn't yet figured out just how awful this was for his brother. "Didn't you see anything in any of the other crates that we could use?" He was incredulous.
"So, did you find anything elsewhere in that underground compound that might help us?" Miqui asked. She had to change the subject before Rand and Rex got into a fight. Rand was grateful to talk about something else — anything but the contents of those crates.
"There's an underground facility attached to the warehouse. Apparently, the staff live there pretty much full-time, but they don't go into the warehouse itself unless they have to crate something up. They've got living quarters, a recreation facility, labs, a big room full of file cabinets, a room with a big computer, and lots of terminals, a kitchen, everything they need. I think what we need could be found in the computer room, if we could get our computer genius in there and give him adequate time." He looked at his brother, and there was a challenging tone in his voice.
"It seems logical that information about temporal physics would be stored in their computer databanks. I agree — that computer room should be our target," Rex responded. Miqui sighed to herself in relief. She'd gotten the brothers to agree on something.
"Too bad we can't just boom in and then boom out again," Tommy sighed.
"Actually, Rex, hold that thought… I'm starting to get an idea," Miqui interjected. "Good thinking, Tommy!" Tommy looked startled, then pleased, while Rex looked like he'd just bit a lemon. Damn it all, she'd just got him and his bother straightened out, and now he was harassing Tommy. Rex hadn't been a very good teammate over the last few minutes. She made a mental note to talk to him later.
Her teammates were skeptical when she started talking. As she began explaining, they started to accept her ideas, and in only a few minutes they were enthusiastically contributing their own suggestions. When the strategy session was over, they were convinced — they could do this.
Later that evening, Rex sat alone in his tiny cabin aboard the Hot Rod, brooding. After the strategy session, he'd had a little chat with Chemique. It had been rather unsettling. She was a tough leader, as tough in her own way as Canary, though she'd never raised her voice and never called him anything worse than a spoiled brat.
"Like hell you are! I'll bet Star Lass would do just as well as you, and if she couldn't, we'd freepin' well come up with some other plan." Her voice was composed; she was using angry words, but there was no anger in her tone. He found that disconnect between her words and her tone to be very disconcerting.
"We have to work together flawlessly, trust each other implicitly. It's tough to trust someone who is mocking you. Stop acting like a spoiled brat now, or I'll replace you with Theresa." He was about to say something, but she didn't let him.
Nobody talked to him that way. Timepiece was the smartest Legionnaire by far and the oldest member of this team. He'd graciously agreed to let a younger teammate run the team, but she still couldn't talk to him like that. He'd go back to Knight Base tomorrow, and when the rest of the team failed, he would very obviously not say, "I told you so!" They would all have to acknowledge his foresight and justifiable caution. With that settled in his mind, he went to bed.
But he couldn't sleep; his mind kept running at top speed. When Rand had first told them about the security he'd discovered around the secret technology center, most of the Stealth Squad had given up — their mission was impossible, and Canary hadn't sent them on a suicide mission. Yet Chemique had refused to give up, and she'd soon come up with the basics of a plan that had restored the confidence of her teammates. If he were to be removed from the team, her current plan would become useless. But wouldn't she just refuse to quit and instead come up with yet another great plan? And then the rest of the Legion would see him as a quitter, rather than a prophet, as an interchangeable piece rather than a linchpin.
Gernsback was a lot more intelligent now that his programming was implemented on the Knight Base mainframe supercomputer than he had been when he had lived in the much smaller, slower, less-advanced computer in Rex's hover-chair — and millions of times faster. He lacked human intuition and insight, but in their team, Rex supplied those qualities. Gernsback knew computers and computer security — from the inside out, as it were. They worked through the night to develop the tools that Rex thought he would be needing soon. The next morning he didn't say anything to Chemique. Nothing needed to be said.
The rest of the team wasn't idle while Rex stayed up all night creating computer hacking tools — with the help of a supercomputer. Tommy, Rand, and Miqui stayed up late using the tools and facilities of the Hot Rod's cramped workroom.
The next morning, Rex Tyler floated through the sky toward Springfield, Virginia. The holographic image projector built into the chair surrounded him with the appearance of a government-issued skycar, and his radio was sending out the matching I.D. code to anyone monitoring traffic. He didn't want to overuse his powers. His special detection programs, written last night with assistance from Gernsback, probed the ether for traces of government computer communications. He homed in on the strongest signals and landed in a nearby lot. Protected inside the image of an empty car in an out-of-the-way corner of a parking garage, he set to work hacking into Amgov's computer network.
Tommy Tamare and Miqui started their day in makeup. They needed to spend a lot of WildCat's money to buy personal electronics gear that Rand would pull apart and use to build antipersonnel ordinance for their attack. But they couldn't be recognized as missing Legionnaires.
Miqui was easily able to disguise them by altering some chemical processes in their skin. She made herself much darker, with red hair, and Tommy became quite fair. He wore a wig, and she was able to use her powers to make sure it was anchored securely.
She was stunned. Tommy had never indicated he missed having hair — and she'd never thought about how being bald would affect a fourteen-year-old boy. "Why, I don't know, Tommy. If all it involves is encouraging a chemical process in your scalp, I probably can. Let's have Rex investigate when we get back." Was Tommy's crippling shyness the result of being bald?
The two took a flying disk and concealed it not far from the nearest monorail station.
Now that he knew where the secret technology center was, Rand Tyler could get there on his own. He used a flying disk to approach as closely to the location as possible, then hid the disk and dived an hour into the past. At his top speed, he flashed through the ground and into the vast warehouse. This time his assignment was to get a floor plan of the office and living areas and learn more about the full-time staff they might have to deal with.
Getting assigned to the secret technology center must be a plum assignment. The quarters were like a fancy hotel with all the amenities — fancy dining, health club, reading room, even a theater. Working here would be way better than being a producer, and there was stuff here even the entitled didn't have. But what was really stunning to Rand was who was currently assigned to this facility.
Coquette was part of the facility security team.
This entry was posted in Earth-2 on May 13, 2007 by 5earths.


text:
The Farm Lands Ownership Act
This version was current from June 13, 2006 to February 28, 2014.
Note: It does not reflect any retroactive amendment enacted after February 28, 2014.
Go to the latest version. Search this Act
C.C.S.M. c. F35
In this Act
"agency of the government" means
(a) any board, commission, association, or other body, whether incorporated or unincorporated, all the members of which, or all the members of the board of management or board of directors of which,
(i) are appointed by an Act of the Legislature or by order of the Lieutenant Governor in Council, or
(ii) if not so appointed, in the discharge of their duties are public officers or servants of the Crown, or for the proper discharge of their duties are, directly or indirectly, responsible to the Crown, or
(b) any corporation the election of the board of directors of which is controlled by the Crown, directly or indirectly, through ownership of shares of the capital stock thereof by the Crown or by a board, commission, association, or other body to which clause (a) applies; (« organisme gouvernemental »)
"board" means The Manitoba Farm Lands Ownership Board; (« Office »)
"common-law partner" of a person means a person who, not being married to the other person, is cohabiting with him or her in a conjugal relationship of some permanence; (« conjoint de fait »)
"debt obligation" means a bond, debenture, note, mortgage or other evidence of indebtedness or guarantee, whether secured or unsecured; (« titre de créance »)
"eligible individual" means a natural person who is
(a) a citizen of Canada, or
(b) a permanent resident of Canada within the meaning of the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (Canada); (« particulier admissible »)
"family farm corporation" means a corporation
(a) that is primarily engaged in the business of farming,
(b) that is under the control in fact of farmers or eligible individuals related to farmers, or a combination of both, and
(c) of which a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of each class of share are legally and beneficially owned by farmers or eligible individuals related to farmers; (« corporation agricole familiale »)
"farm land" means real property that is situated outside a city, town, village (including an unincorporated village) or hamlet and that is used or is reasonably capable of being used for farming, but excludes
(a) minerals, excepting sand and gravel, contained in real property,
(b) real property used for the purpose of extracting, processing, storing, or transporting of minerals, excepting sand and gravel, and
(c) real property used by a corporation supplying telecommunication, railway, pipeline or other services prescribed by the board or by regulation where and for so long as the real property is used for the purpose of supplying those services or purposes ancillary thereto; (« terres agricoles »)
"farmer" means an eligible individual
(a) who receives a significant portion of his income either directly or indirectly from his occupation of farming, and
(b) who spends a significant portion of his time actively engaged in farming; (« agriculteur »)
"farming" includes tillage of the soil, livestock production, raising poultry, dairying, fur farming, tree farming, horticulture, bee keeping, fish farming or any other activity undertaken to produce agricultural products; but does not include the purchase and resale of agricultural products, or the commercial processing of agricultural products; (« agriculture »)
"foreign purchase fee" means a fee which may be levied against the purchase of farm land by persons granted an exemption under subsection 3(3); (« droit imposé aux acheteurs étrangers »)
"indirect" includes the taking, acquiring, receiving or holding by any person through, or by, any other person or combination or succession of persons (whether by trusteeship, agency or otherwise), of any right, title, or interest of any kind, type or nature whatsoever, whether present or contingent; (« indirect »)
"interest in farm land" includes any right, title or interest in farm land recognized at law to be an interest in real property, whether legal, equitable or beneficial, and whether direct or indirect, and without limiting the generality of the foregoing includes, in respect of farm land, an option to purchase, an agreement to purchase, a right of refusal, a mortgage, an encumbrance, a debenture or any other form of security interest, an option to acquire any form of security interest, a lease, an agreement to lease, an option to lease, a power of attorney and any other right, title or interest that would, or that may, in the event of any particular contingency occurring, vest in the holder of such right, title or interest, legal, equitable or beneficial title, possession or control, present or future, of farm land; but does not include a builder's lien or a judgment of a court registered against land; (« droit réel agricole »)
"livestock" includes game production animals as defined in The Livestock Industry Diversification Act; (« bétail »)
"minister" means the minister appointed by the Lieutenant Governor in Council to administer this Act; (« ministre »)
"option" includes an agreement to grant an option; (« option »)
"order" means a written order of the board, or an order of a judge of the Court of Queen's Bench, as the context requires; (« ordonnance »)
"person" includes a natural person, corporation, partnership, limited partnership, syndicate, trustee, joint venture, and any association of persons whatsoever; (« personne »)
"qualified Canadian organization" means
(a) a corporation, partnership, syndicate, joint venture, cooperative or association all the shares or interests of which are legally and beneficially owned by, or
(b) the trustee or trustees of a trust all the beneficiaries of which are,
eligible individuals, but does not include corporations which have any shares listed on a stock exchange; (« organisme canadien admissible »)
"qualified immigrant" means a natural person, wherever resident, who establishes to the satisfaction of the board that he or she is entitled to and intends to become an eligible individual within two years after acquiring an interest in farm land; (« immigrant admissible »)
"retired farmer" means a natural person wherever resident who has been a farmer for a period of at least 10 years and who has retired from farming in Canada. (« agriculteur à la retraite »)
Meaning of "control in fact"
For the purposes of this Act "control in fact" of a corporation includes the power or authority to exercise the powers of the corporation, or any material part thereof, either directly or indirectly in any manner whatsoever, or to direct the management or supervision of the business and affairs of the corporation, or any material part thereof, either directly or indirectly in any manner whatsoever, including, without restricting the generality thereof
(a) through the exercise of any right or power arising under or pursuant to the articles (or other incorporating instruments) or by-laws of the corporation or any debt obligation of the corporation or any evidence or certificate evidencing the same, or arising under or pursuant to any agreement;
(b) through the direct or indirect ownership of the securities (including, without limitation, the shares) of the corporation; or
(c) through the right to elect a majority of the directors of the corporation.
Deemed control or ownership
For the purposes of this Act
(a) where a corporation is controlled in fact by persons who are not farmers or eligible individuals related to farmers or any combination thereof, and is also controlled in fact by farmers or eligible individuals related to farmers or any combination thereof, that corporation shall be conclusively deemed to be controlled in fact by those persons who are not farmers or eligible individuals related to farmers or any combination thereof, and shall be conclusively deemed not to be controlled in fact by farmers or eligible individuals related to farmers or any combination thereof;
(b) a person who has a right under a contract, whether written or oral and whether express or implied, in equity or otherwise, either immediately or in the future and either absolutely or contingently, to, or to acquire, shares of a corporation, or to control the voting rights attaching to shares of a corporation, shall be conclusively deemed to have the same position in relation to the control of the corporation as if he owned the shares;
(c) the holding of any partial interest in farm land whether or not jointly or in common with another is conclusively deemed to be the holding of the whole of such interest in the farm land.
Meaning of "persons related to farmers"
For the purposes of this Act, a person is related to a farmer if he or she is
(a) a spouse, common-law partner, child, father, mother, brother, sister, uncle, aunt, nephew, niece or first cousin of a farmer;
(b) a child, father, mother, brother, sister, niece or nephew of a farmer's spouse or common-law partner;
(c) a son-in-law or daughter-in-law of a farmer;
(d) a grandfather, grandmother, great-grandfather or great-grandmother of a farmer; or
(e) a grandchild or great-grandchild of a farmer or a spouse or common-law partner of such a grandchild or great-grandchild.
Registered common-law relationship
For the purposes of this Act, while they are cohabiting, persons who have registered their common-law relationship under section 13.1 of The Vital Statistics Act are deemed to be cohabiting in a conjugal relationship of some permanence.
S.M. 1993, c. 10, s. 2; S.M. 1996, c. 37, s. 37; S.M. 1996, c. 68, s. 2; S.M. 2000, c. 35, s. 42; S.M. 2002, c. 24, s. 27; S.M. 2002, c. 48, s. 7; S.M. 2004, c. 42, s. 30.
Right to ownership
Any of the following may, directly or indirectly, take, acquire, receive or hold an interest in farm land:
(a) an eligible individual;
(b) a family farm corporation;
(c) a municipality;
(d) a local government district;
(e) an agency of government;
(f) subject to any limitations provided for in the regulations, a qualified Canadian organization; or
(g) subject to subsection 3(16), a qualified immigrant.
Existing holdings
An interest in farm land held by a person on September 26, 1984 may continue to be so held, if and to the extent that person was entitled to hold that interest at the time he took, acquired or received it.
Certain acquisitions permitted
Where, on September 26, 1984, a person, other than a person referred to in section 2, holds aggregate interests in farm land in excess of 40 acres, and as a result of any actual or proposed sale, lapse or other disposition or termination of any of his interests in whole or in part whenever taken, acquired or received, his aggregate interests in farm land are or would be less than they were on that date, such person from time to time may acquire another interest in farm land if it is of a nature similar thereto, and if the interest is a lease, if it is also of a duration similar thereto, provided the acquisition would result in such person having aggregate interests in farm land not in excess of those held by him on the coming into force of this Act, or not in excess of such greater amount as the board may by order allow.
Exemptions granted by the board
The board may on application or on its own initiative, subject to any regulations and to such terms and conditions as it may impose, by order, and pursuant to and in accordance with the exemption guidelines established by regulation, exempt a person, class of persons, farm land, class of farm land, interest in farm land or class of interest in farm land, from all or any part of this Act.
Subject to subsection (5), an interest in farm land that is solely a bona fide debt obligation may be taken, acquired, received and held by any person.
Further rules regarding debt obligations
Where there are reasonable grounds for so doing, the board may determine that an interest in farm land purportedly solely a bona fide debt obligation is, in substance, whether having regard only to the instrument purportedly representing the interest, or having regard also to other instruments, interests or arrangements that should reasonably be regarded as being part thereof or collateral thereto, and having regard to the source of funds used for the acquisition of the interest, an interest in farm land other than solely a bona fide debt obligation, and, subject to subsection 16(1), the determination, which shall be in the form of an order, is conclusive for all purposes of this Act other than for the purposes of section 15.
Realization of security
A person may take, acquire, receive or hold an interest in farm land by the realization, quit claim, settlement or otherwise in connection with the enforcement of a mortgage or other encumbrance thereon, but if the taking, acquiring, receiving or holding results in the person holding interests in farm land other than in accordance with section 2 or 3, apart from this subsection, the person shall within three years from the taking, acquiring, receiving or holding of the interest, reduce his aggregate interests in farm land, whether held directly or indirectly, to not more than 40 acres.
Change in circumstances
Where an interest in farm land is held by any person, and as a result of a change in the circumstances of a person who was an eligible individual the continued holding of the interest would be other than in accordance with section 2 or 3, apart from this subsection, the person first mentioned shall, within three years of the change in circumstances, reduce his or her aggregate interests in farm land, whether directly or indirectly, to no more than 40 acres.
Ownership by retired farmer
A retired farmer or the spouse or common-law partner of a retired farmer may continue to hold all interests in farm land held by that person while that person was a farmer.
Retired farmer in family farm corporation
A corporation that was a family farm corporation may continue to hold all interests in farm land held by it notwithstanding that a person whose occupation as a farmer qualified the corporation as a family farm corporation has become a retired farmer, and notwithstanding that transfers of shares of the corporation may have occurred if the transfers, had the retired farmer remained a farmer, would not have caused the corporation to have lost its status as a family farm corporation, but not otherwise.
Other share ownership in family farm corporation
A corporation that was a family farm corporation may continue to hold all interests in farm land held by it notwithstanding that a person who was a shareholder of the family farm corporation has died, if the shares in the corporation that were owned by such person immediately before his death, pass by devise or on an intestacy, or by right of survivorship to a natural person, wherever resident, for as long as those shares remain owned by that natural person, but not otherwise.
A person may take, acquire, receive or hold an interest in farm land as a consequence of and in conformity with a final order of a court, if the order has the force of law in Manitoba, but if the taking, acquiring, receiving or holding results in the person holding interests in farm land other than in accordance with section 2 or 3, apart from this subsection, the person shall, within three years from the taking, acquiring, receiving or holding of the interest, reduce his aggregate interests in farm land, whether held directly or indirectly, to not more than 10 acres.
Executors, etc.
A person acting in the capacity of an executor or administrator or a trustee in bankruptcy of the estate of another person may take, acquire, receive or hold an interest in farm land, for so long as is reasonably necessary to perform his duties as executor, administrator or trustee in bankruptcy.
Repealed, S.M. 1996, c. 68, s. 4.
Relatives, etc.
A natural person, wherever resident, may take, acquire, receive or hold an interest in farm land if the interest is conveyed to the natural person by an eligible individual who has prior to the conveyance farmed the farm land for at least 10 years, or the spouse or common-law partner of an eligible individual who has farmed the farm land for at least 10 years, and if the natural person is the spouse or common-law partner, child, grandchild, brother, sister, nephew or niece of the person conveying the interest.
Joint interest of spouse or common-law partner
A spouse or common-law partner of a person entitled to hold an interest in farm land under section 4 may hold an interest in the entitled person's interest in farm land as a joint tenant or as a tenant in common.
Failure to become eligible individual
Where a qualified immigrant fails to become an eligible individual within two years after taking, acquiring or receiving an interest in farm land, the board may
(a) extend the period of time within which the qualified immigrant is required to become an eligible individual;
(b) grant the qualified immigrant an exemption in accordance with subsection 3(3); or
(c) require the qualified immigrant to reduce his or her holdings in accordance with section 5.
S.M. 1996, c. 68, s. 4; S.M. 2002, c. 24, s. 27; S.M. 2002, c. 48, s. 7.
Certain limitations on ownership
Any person may, directly or indirectly, take, acquire, receive or hold any interest in farm land
(a) in conformity with the provisions of section 2 or 3; or
(b) which would result in that person having, directly or indirectly, interests in farm land that do not exceed 40 acres in the aggregate;
but not otherwise.
Mandatory divestiture
Where a person takes, acquires, receives or holds an interest in farm land contrary to any provision of this Act, the person shall within one year or, upon application, within a further period of time determined by the board reduce his aggregate interests in farm land, whether held directly or indirectly, to not more than 40 acres.
Special provision
Notwithstanding subsection (1), if a person is a family farm corporation, and as a result of a change in occupation of a farmer the person is no longer a family farm corporation, and if subsection 3(9) does not apply, the person shall within three years from the date of the change of occupation reduce its aggregate interests in farm land, whether held directly or indirectly, to not more than 40 acres.
Continuation of board
The Manitoba Farm Lands Ownership Board consisting of not more than five members appointed by the Lieutenant Governor in Council is continued.
Unless a member sooner dies, resigns, or is removed from office, each member shall serve for such period as is specified in the order by which he is appointed and thereafter until his successor is appointed.
Chair and vice-chair
The Lieutenant Governor in Council shall designate one of the members of the board as its chair and another as vice-chair.
The chair, vice-chair and each other member of the board shall be paid such remuneration as may be fixed by the Lieutenant Governor in Council and in addition each member may be paid such reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by him or her in the performance of his or her duties as a member of the board as may be approved by the minister.
The board shall meet at the call of the chair or at the direction of the minister.
A majority of the members of the board, including the chair or vice-chair, constitutes a quorum at any meeting of the board.
Validity of acts where a vacancy exists
The fact that there are vacancies in the membership of the board does not affect the validity of any act or thing done by or in the name of the board.
Duties of chair and vice-chair
The chair shall preside at all meetings of the board; but when the office of chair is vacant or in the case of illness, absence from the province, or incapacity from any other cause or act, or on the request of the minister or the chair, the vice-chair shall act as chair and while so acting, the vice-chair has all the powers and authority and shall discharge all the duties of the chair.
Any employees required for the proper administration of the board may be appointed under The Civil Service Act.
Evidence as to signature of chair or vice-chair
Any order, direction, or other document whatsoever, purporting to be signed by the chair or vice-chair shall be admitted as prima facie proof of the contents thereof without any proof of the signature of the chair or vice-chair or of the authority of the chair or vice-chair to sign it.
Time and place of meetings
The board shall sit at such times and places within the province as the chair may designate, and shall conduct its proceedings in such manner as may seem to it most convenient for the speedy and efficient dispatch of business.
All hearings conducted by the board and all proceedings of the board shall be governed by rules adopted by the board.
Rules of evidence
The board is not bound by the technical rules of evidence.
Powers of board
The board shall perform the duties and functions, and may exercise the rights imposed upon or granted to it under this Act, or any other Act of the Legislature and it shall discharge, perform and carry out such other duties and functions as may from time to time be assigned to it by the Lieutenant Governor in Council or by the minister.
Further powers of the board
Without restricting the generality of subsection (1) the board may
(a) administer and enforce this Act and the regulations;
(b) carry out surveys, research programs and obtain statistics for the purposes of the board;
(c) conduct hearings or authorize any person, including any member of the board, to conduct investigations, and determine and prescribe the scope thereof where the board has reason to believe that a person has taken, acquired, received or holds an interest in farm land in contravention of this Act;
(d) require any person taking, acquiring, receiving or holding an interest in farm land, or proposing to do so, to submit to it at such time and from time to time as it may require, such information in such form as it may require;
(e) require any person taking, acquiring, receiving or holding an interest in farm land to submit to it, annually, such information in such form as it may require;
(f) upon application made to it, furnish to the applicant a ruling by way of order as to whether or not a proposed or existing interest in farm land would be or is taken, acquired, received or held contrary to this Act, and subject to subsection 16(1), the order is conclusive for all purposes of this Act other than for the purposes of section 15;
(g) extend the time stipulated in this Act for the divestiture of any particular interest in farm land;
(h) prescribe forms and the contents thereof to assist the board in the administration of this Act and the regulations.
Powers of board under Evidence Act
Subject to subsection (4), for the purpose of carrying out its duties and functions, the board has the like protection and powers, and is subject to like requirements, as are conferred on, or required of, commissioners appointed under Part V of The Manitoba Evidence Act.
Application of section 86 of Manitoba Evidence Act
Section 86 of The Manitoba Evidence Act does not apply to the board.
Report to minister
Where the board has conducted a hearing, it shall submit a report of its findings, comments and recommendations to the minister.
8(6) and (7)Repealed, S.M. 1993, c. 10, s. 3.
Determination of contravention
Where there are reasonable grounds for so doing, and upon prior notice to all persons affected, and after having given any of such persons who so requests a reasonable opportunity to be heard, the board may, by order, determine that an interest in farm land has been or is taken, acquired, received or held in contravention of this Act.
Conclusiveness
Subject to subsection 16(1), any order of the board under subsection (1) is conclusive for all purposes of this Act other than for the purposes of section 15.
Review of orders
The board may review, rescind, change, alter or vary any decision or order made by it.
Service of notice or order
The notice or order referred to in subsection (1) shall be in writing and may be served personally or by registered or certified mail addressed to the person named therein.
Deemed date of service
A notice or order served by registered or certified mail under subsection (4) shall be deemed to be served two working days after the date of the receipt of the postmaster for the envelope containing the notice or order.
Substitutional service
Where the address of the person to be served with a notice or order under subsection (4) is unknown, or the board is for any reason unable to effect prompt service of the notice or order, the board may apply ex parte to a judge of the Court of Queen's Bench for an order for substitutional service of the notice or order in such manner as the court may direct.
For all purposes of this Act other than for the purposes of section 15, the onus of establishing that an interest in farm land will not be, or is not, taken, acquired, received or held contrary to this Act, lies on the person taking, acquiring, receiving or holding, or proposing to take, acquire, receive or hold, such interest in farm land.
For the purposes of an investigation under clause 8(2)(c), the person conducting the investigation may
(a) demand the production of and inspect all or any of the books, documents, papers, correspondence, records or things of a person in respect of whom the investigation is being made, or of any person representing or acting on behalf of or as agent for such person, that are relevant to the subject matter of the investigation; and
(b) inquire into, investigate and examine negotiations, transactions, loans or borrowings made by, on behalf of or in relation to the person in respect of whom the investigation is being made, and property, assets or things owned, acquired or alienated in whole or in part by him, or by any person representing or acting on behalf of or as agent for him, that are relevant to the subject matter of the investigation.
Compulsory production of books, etc.
Any person who has the custody, possession or control of any books, documents, papers, correspondence, records or things demanded under subsection (1) shall produce them to, and permit them to be inspected by, the person conducting the investigation.
Obstruction, etc. prohibited
No person shall obstruct or impede any person conducting an investigation under this Act or withhold, conceal or destroy any books, documents, papers, correspondence, records or things relevant to the subject matter of the investigation.
Issuance of search warrant
Where a provincial judge is satisfied, by information on oath of a member of the board or of the person conducting an investigation under this section
(a) that the investigation has been authorized and that the person is authorized to conduct it; and
(b) that there are reasonable and probable grounds to believe that there are, in any building, dwelling house, receptacle or place, any books, documents, papers, correspondence, records or things relating to the person whose affairs are being investigated, and to the subject matter of the investigation;
the judge may, whether or not an inspection has been made or attempted under subsection (1), issue a warrant authorizing the person conducting the investigation to enter and search the building, dwelling house, receptacle or place described in the warrant, by force if necessary, for such books, documents, papers, correspondence, records or things, and to examine them.
Time of entry
Any entry and search conducted under the authority of a warrant issued pursuant to subsection (4) shall be made between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m., unless the judge otherwise orders.
Police to be present in search
A person conducting a search under the authority of a warrant issued pursuant to subsection (4) shall be accompanied by a member of a municipal police force or the Royal Canadian Mounted Police.
Removal of books etc., for making copies
A person conducting an investigation pursuant to this section may, upon giving or leaving a general receipt therefor, remove any books, documents, papers, correspondence, records or things mentioned in subsection (1) or (4) for the purpose of examining, or making copies or tests of, those books, documents, papers, correspondence, records or things.
Prompt return of books etc.
Any books, documents, papers, correspondence, records or things retained pursuant to subsection (7) shall be promptly returned to the person whose affairs are being investigated unless they are required for the purposes of evidence in a proceeding under this Act, in which case the board shall, upon request and without charge, furnish to that person copies of any books, documents, papers, correspondence, records or things so retained.
Admissibility of copy as evidence
A copy mentioned in subsection (8), certified to be a true copy by the person conducting the investigation, is admissible in evidence in any proceeding as prima facie proof of the original books, documents, papers, correspondence, records or things, and of their contents, without proof of the signature or office of the person purporting to have certified the copy.
Report of investigation to board
The person conducting an investigation under this section shall submit a written report of the result of his investigation to the board.
Information obtained by or furnished to the board or any member, employee or agent of the board shall not be communicated by the board or member, employee or agent other than for the purposes of or in connection with this Act or as required by law.
Protection from liability
No action or proceeding may be brought against a member of the board, an employee appointed in accordance with subsection 6(9) or any other person acting under the authority of this Act for anything done or not done, or for any neglect,
(a) in the performance or intended performance of a duty under this Act; or
(b) in the exercise or intended exercise of a power under this Act;
unless the person was acting in bad faith.
Reports by one member
The board or the chair may authorize a member to report to the board upon any question or matter arising in connection with the business of the board; and that member, where so authorized, has all the powers of the board for the purpose of taking evidence or acquiring the necessary information for the purpose of any investigation and report by the board; and the board may adopt the report as that of the board, or otherwise deal with it in the absolute discretion of the board.
Failure to comply with Act or order
Where a person fails to comply with this Act or with any order of the board, the board may apply to a judge of the Court of Queen's Bench for an order requiring the person to comply with this Act or the order or both; and the judge may also make one or more of the following orders:
(a) an order for the sale or other disposition of the interest in farm land taken, acquired, received or held contrary to this Act or the order;
(b) an order for the extinguishment of the interest in farm land taken, acquired, received or held contrary to this Act or the order;
(c) an order for the distribution, in such manner and to such persons as he may think just, of the proceeds of any sale, disposition or extinguishment ordered by him;
(d) an order declaring void any instrument or document by which an interest in farm land is taken, acquired, received, or held contrary to this Act or the order;
(e) an order directing a district registrar to cancel a certificate of title and duplicate thereof and to issue a new certificate of title and duplicate thereof in the name of such person as may be entitled thereto;
(f) an order respecting costs;
(g) such other order as may be necessary to give effect to the provisions of this Act or as to him seems just.
Every person who
(a) contravenes any provision of this Act or the regulations; or
(b) hinders or misleads a person authorized to carry out an investigation under this Act; or
(c) furnishes false information to a person referred to in clause (b); or
(d) hinders or prevents the board from effectively carrying out its duties and powers under this Act; or
(e) fails, refuses or neglects to comply with an order or decision of the board;
is guilty of an offence, and in addition to any other penalty provided by this Act, is liable, on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding $50,000. and to such costs as may be awarded by the court.
Offence and penalty for aiding or abetting
(a) does or omits to do anything for the purpose of aiding or abetting another person; or
(b) advises another person;
to commit an offence under this Act, is guilty of an offence and is liable, on summary conviction, to the penalties set out under subsection (1).
Offence by an officer, etc. of corporation
Where a corporation is guilty of an offence under this Act, any officer, director or agent of the corporation who directed, authorized, participated in, or acquiesced in, the commission of the offence, is party to and is also guilty of the offence and is liable, on summary conviction, to the penalties set out under subsection (1).
Time for prosecutions
Notwithstanding the provisions of any other Act of the Legislature, a prosecution for an offence under this Act may be commenced at any time within two years after the date of the alleged offence and a prosecution for an offence under this Act which relates to or arises out of any misrepresentation or fraud on the part of the accused, may be commenced at any time before the expiration of two years after the date on which the misrepresentation or the fraud became known to the minister or the board.
Any person affected by any order of the board, other than an order under subsection 3(3) which order is final and binding and from which no appeal may be taken, may appeal the order within 30 days of the date thereof, to a judge of the Court of Queen's Bench who, upon hearing the appeal, may make such order as to him seems just.
The appeal shall be by notice of motion and a copy thereof shall be served upon the board and upon such other persons as may be ordered by the judge, not less than 10 days before the day on which the motion is returnable.
Stay of operation of certain decisions
The taking of an appeal under subsection (1) does not stay the operation of the order appealed against; but a judge of the Court of Queen's Bench may, upon an appeal of the order, stay the operation thereof and may prescribe terms and conditions to which the stay may be subject.
For the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this Act according to their intent, the Lieutenant Governor in Council may make such regulations as are ancillary thereto and are not inconsistent therewith; and every regulation made under and in accordance with the authority granted by this section has the force of law; and, without restricting the generality of the foregoing, the Lieutenant Governor in Council may make regulations
(a) defining any word or expression used in this Act but not defined herein;
(b) prescribing forms and the contents thereof for use under this Act;
(c) exempting persons, classes of persons, farm land, classes of farm land, interests in farm land and classes of interests in farm land from this Act or any of the provisions of this Act subject to such terms and conditions as the Lieutenant Governor in Council may specify;
(d) establishing exemption guidelines for the purposes of subsection 3(3);
(e) respecting fees that may be charged under this Act;
(f) providing for the manner of calculating a foreign purchase fee, which may be based on a percentage of the assessed value of the farm land;
(g) establishing limits on the number of shareholders that a corporation that is a qualified Canadian organization may have;
(h) respecting the information that persons who take, acquire, receive, or hold an interest in farm land, or who propose to take, acquire, receive or hold an interest in farm land, are required to furnish to the board.
Precedence over sec. 1 of Law of Property Act
The provisions of this Act prevail over section 1 of The Law of Property Act.
Subject to The Planning Act
The provisions of this Act are subject to the provisions of The Planning Act and to the provisions of any other Act as may be specified in the regulations.


pedrodserafim precisava de um novo design de logo e criou um concurso na 99designs.
Um vencedor foi selecionado entre 185 designs enviados por 63 designers freelancers.
We're an innovative medical and biological research company. We work with pharmaceutical companies during the entire research and development process for new drugs. Our brand should be innovative as well as solid and credible.
We're looking for an amazing logo for our Contract Research Organization. We work with pharmaceutical companies during the entire research and development process for new drugs. Syn has it's root on Greek, to accompany, and nova brings the idea of innovation, which is very much aligned with our culture of accompanying and promoting innovation. I like the idea of having something that looks abstract but could be explained. Open to other ideas as well.


Many millions of blinds are sold every year in the UK, and the BBSA has some simple guidlines for parents and carers of babies and small children as looped blind cords can pose a potential hazard.
Do not place a child's cot, bed, playpen or high chair near a window so they may reach a blind cord.
Do not place furniture near a window that a child could climb on to reach a blind cord.
Do make sure that a safety device is fitted to keep the cords taut or out of reach.
All BBSA members offer safety devices or alternative operating methods on new blinds and can retrofit safety devices to most existing blinds.
EN13120 – Internal Blinds Performance requirements including safety.
For safety advice, always make sure you contact a BBSA member.


i have so many photos just like this from my childhood on marinka. im dying to go home and scan some to show all of you. our family is going back to tahiti soon to relive the moments. nudey photos to follow. maybe without dad this time.
Marinka Christmas photo 1986...all over again!


Few studies have examined the relationship between mental health, substance use, co-occurring disorders and recidivism among the jail population. This study examined the prevalence of mental illness, substance use, co-occurring disorders among a cohort (January 2015) of jail inmates in a Midwestern county, as well as whether inmates with these problems were at increased risk for returns to jail within one year. Gender differences in mental illness, substance use, co-occurring disorders and recidivism patterns were also examined. Results suggest that mental illness is related to recidivism among male and female jail inmates. Substance use does not increase the likelihood of recidivism among males and females but co-occurring disorders do increase the probability of recidivism in male and female jail inmates. Implications for research and policy will also be discussed.


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(-) System leadership
Policy changes to implement the NHS five year forward view: a progress report
Two years on from the publication of the NHS five year forward view, we assess how much progress has been made and what still needs to be done to align policies with the plan.
Supporting integration through new roles and working across boundaries
Our report, commissioned by NHS Employers and the Local Government Association, looks at the evidence on new roles and ways of spanning organisational workforce boundaries to improve the delivery of integrated health and social care.
By Helen Gilburt - 30 June 2016
Health and wellbeing boards (HWBs) explained
What are health and wellbeing boards (HWBs) and what role could they play in developments such as integrated commissioning and place-based systems of care?
The future of leadership and management in the NHS: No more heroes
What sort of leaders does the NHS need? Does the 'hero' chief executive still hold sway? This report concludes the findings of the Commission into leadership and management in the NHS.