I've written dozens of articles on Sales Process an you can read many of them right here. If you pay attention, you can even see how my thinking has changed over the last 10 years. While I have never wavered on the importance of sales process, I have modified my thinking on why it's so important, what it must consist of, how it should work, and how it should be integrated into CRM.
When the folks at Gazelles / Growth Institute asked me to write an article for their Blog, they suggested that I write about the Sales Process I introduced in my 2005 best-selling book, Baseline Selling - How to Become a Sales Superstar by Using What You Already Know About the Game of Baseball. I had already recorded a one-hour seminar for the Growth Institute Scaling it Up Club and they thought it would make sense to write about that. Instead, I wrote what I believe is my best article to date on the importance of sales process and what executives routinely show me when I ask to see their sales process. The article should be fun to read so let me know what you think in the comments. Read Why a Customized Sales Process is Like Buying Shoes. The funny thing is that I wrote that article for them long before I started the book, Shoe Dog, and wrote this article! Suddenly, it's all about the shoes!
I love finding cool new apps for my iPad and I'm always looking for the next great weather app. I recently downloaded eWeather HD and as I poked around, I found something I had never seen before and it has a huge tie-in to sales management, the pipeline, and accurate forecasts!
A 2.8 in San Juan, Argentina, a quake in Eastern Turkey that registered 2.3, a 2.4 in the Ionian Sea, a 3.0 in Oklahoma and a 3.1 in Alaska. And if we go back just 8 hours, there were 14 others, including a 4.3 in Mexico, a 4.5 in Japan, and a 5.0 in Vanuatu. I don't know about you, but I had no idea that our planet experienced non-stop quakes. I thought that the ones we heard about on the news accounted for all of the known earthquake activity.
If you run a company, lead a sales force or manage salespeople, you are probably in the dark about salesquakes in much the same way I was in the dark about earthquakes. The salesquakes registering 5.0 and up on the Kurlan scale - issues that your salespeople come to you with - you know all about those. But how many of the issues do you hear about when they register below 5.0?
There are dozens more, but you get the point. You should know about these salesquakes!
If you have the right CRM solution, and it was configured properly, it would be alerting you to salesquakes in much the same way that eWeather HD alerts me to earthquakes. If you are using one of the most popular solutions, you probably couldn't identify these quakes even if you were looking for them.
That's one of the things I like so much about Membrain. There's a ready-to-use version with my Baseline Selling process, Visual Pipeline and methodology built right in that you can get here, or you can contact Membrain for their loaded version with everything you need to run a sales force.
We may not be able to stop earthquakes or even forecast them, but we can put an end to salesquakes and improve the accuracy of our sales forecasts.
Top Sales World and LiveHive have gotten together and published a terrific ebook on getting a jump start to your 2015. You can download the book here.
You can download the latest issue of Top Sales Magazine here.
Are you old enough so that if you don't write something on your to-do list you won't remember to do it? That's me. I don't feel old, I don't look that old, but I'll be 60 next year and have become a slave to Wunderlist. On Monday, I forgot to push the correct notification button and only some subscribers were notified of Monday's article. That article was perhaps the most important article I have written in all of 2014 and it introduced my latest White Paper - The Modern Science of Sales Force Excellence. This White Paper has ground-breaking insights and has already been nominated for Top eBook of 2014! The Monday article clearly shows the differences between companies with shorter sales cycles, higher win rates and greater increases in sales.
My new client learned that the others had not even heard of his company.
Did you read Monday's article? There was one significant difference not included in that article. In 96% of the companies where new salespeople were outperforming those hired previously using other methods, those companies had integrated their sales process into their CRM or pipeline management application. Would that have helped here? That depends on which application was being used.
We use Membrain at both of my companies and we recommend Membrain to all of our clients. There are many reasons as to why we believe that Membrain is an ideal Pipeline Management tool. Here are a few that would have helped our client if his company had been using Membrain.
These opportunities were no longer included in the forecast.
The application would have proactively notified my new client.
One of the biggest and most chronic complaints we hear from clients is that they either can't get their salespeople to use the company's CRM application, or they don't update their CRM in real time, updating it only when asked to do so. Does that sound familiar? Companies with that problem - and that's most companies - rarely see an accurate forecast, rarely know the progress their salespeople have made on opportunities, and rarely have the data necessary for their dashboards to display accurate information.
The thing we like best about Membrain is that salespeople like Membrain - a lot! It's simple to use, has no complicated navigation, requires almost zero data entry and always shows salespeople their pipeline on login by default. It's opportunity-centric instead of data-centric.
Most of all, it doesn't require an integrator to customize it - to get your sales process built-in and hooked up to the pipeline, dashboard and forecast. Everyone on my team is able to easily work with the Membrain application and customize it for clients. It doesn't take long, and the end result is an awesome, robust sales process/opportunity focused application and clients fall in love.
I have always preached that salespeople should live in their CRM. Membrain makes this possible.
In my 2005 book, Baseline Selling (kindle edition is ranked #53), I introduced the concept of a Visual Pipeline. Membrain brought this to life.
You can check out Membrain here and take advantage of the special pricing they are offering my readers! It's ready to rock right out of the gate.
there are five levels of professional baseball: a short season A team, a full-season A team, and then, as the player becomes adjusted and ready for the two higher levels in the minor leagues; AA and AAA. Then, if and when he's good enough, he'll be promoted to the Majors.
Most people can see the differences in the caliber of play when comparing a Little League game to a high school game, or a college game to a professional game. Most people aren't able to recognize the differences between each of the 5 professional levels. They may be watching a minor league game, but it sure looks like professional baseball to them - without the 35,000 people in the stands rooting for their team. Pitchers make the pitches, hitters hit the ball, run the bases, and everyone make the plays. It is professional baseball, but in the minor leagues, pitchers don't command their secondary pitches. While they already have a major league-ready fast ball, they have not yet mastered the ability to throw their curve ball, change up or slider to the exact spot it needs to go. Hitters in the minor leagues are able to hit a fastball with authority, but may not be able to recognize, adjust to, and hammer breaking pitches.
The exact same difference exists between sales experts like me and sales leaders like you.
Most sales leaders can easily differentiate between salespeople who are awful and those who are not awful. They have difficulty differentiating one awful salesperson from another. If you're asking yourself why I'm placing this in the context of awful, rather than good, it's because 74% of the sales population is awful!
8 salespeople who are awful, making up the remaining 74%.
A typical sales leader looks at the sales force and can differentiate between the 2 good and 8 bad, but isn't able to explain why. Sure, they can point to sales numbers and activity, but those aren't reasons, as much as differing results.
It's very difficult to coach someone up when you don't know the cause of their ineffectiveness.
Bob has a full pipeline, but despite all of the opportunities, his win-rate is pathetic.
Mary has a nearly empty pipeline, but closes most of the opportunities she does uncover.
Bill has a poor pipeline - half way between Bob and Mary - but most opportunities get stuck and don't move through to closure.
You can easily determine that Bob is a successful hunter, but an awful closer.
You can easily determine that Mary is a successful closer, but an awful hunter.
You can easily determine that Bill isn't very good at anything.
Now let's pretend that they are your salespeople. That shouldn't be a stretch because you probably have 3 salespeople who look like this.
Do you know why this is happening? Do you know how to figure out why it is happening? Do you know that a seminar on prospecting or closing won't change anything? Do you know what is in their Sales DNA, their Will to Sell, or their Sales Skill Sets that are responsible for these outcomes? Do you know if they're even trainable? Do you know if they're really coachable? Do you know if you're any good at developing salespeople with these mysterious issues?
Of course you don't know. You're not even supposed to know. If you did know, they would each have been either fixed (because you knew what to fix and how to fix it) or replaced (because you knew it couldn't be fixed or you weren't capable of fixing it). Right?
That example is only one of the reasons to evaluate your sales force. Here are some more.
Yesterday, I was coaching first base in the game that would determine the Little League championship for our town. It was late in the game, we were down by 4 runs, and had runners on 1st and 3rd. The runner on 1st base would need to steal second and perhaps draw a throw that would allow the runner on 3rd base to score. A double steal! There was only one problem. He had been reluctant to steal all season. When given the sign, when asked, when told, he just didn't want to steal. After all, one of the 10 Commandments is "Thou Shalt Not Steal." He couldn't defy God for the sake of baseball, could he?
I had a private chat with him at 1st base and told him that this wasn't about him or what he was comfortable with. This was for the team, we were playing as a team, and would win as a team. He should want to steal - for the team. He didn't.
Another chat, another reminder, another non-attempt.
A third chat, another request. No movement.
The count on the batter was 2-1 and it was time for a desperate fourth chat. This time, I demanded, with dire consequences (that I won't reveal here), that he steal. He went. The catcher threw and he was safe at 2nd and the run scored. A momentary victory in the game within the game. A play that will change him, even though it wouldn't change the eventual outcome of the game.
This morning, thinking about that play again, I'm reminded of two selling scenarios that are nearly identical.
First, there are the salespeople who just don't want to pick up the phone and make calls. How similar are they to the kid who won't steal 2nd base? We're not asking these adults to steal, but we are asking them to talk to strangers. Is it possible that when faced with the task of making calls, they revert to their lessons from early childhood?
Today, kids don't even talk on the phone. They text. I can't get our 12-year-old son to make a phone call under any circumstances. What are the chances that he would make calls if he entered sales as an adult?
The second scenario involves all of the entrepreneurs out there who, according to a December 2013 Forbes article, number around 20 million! Most entrepreneurs don't give selling a single thought until they have already started their businesses. It's only then that they realize they might have to sell something in order to eat.
I wrote an article that appears on the #1 site for entrepreneurs, EvanCarmichael.com, that explains the 3 biggest obstacles entrepreneurs face when they must sell and how to overcome them. The article applies to everyone in sales, not just entrepreneurs. You should read it!
Back to making those cold calls. In the old days, if a salesperson didn't pick up the phone or knock on doors, we starved. There just wasn't any other way around it.
Today, there's social selling and while some view it as a solution for call reluctance, I think it's a crutch. I'm all for anything that helps a salesperson to sell, but does social selling really do that? Does adding someone to your LinkedIn network make a sale? Is having a connection the same as being connected? Is being connected equivalent to being able to schedule a meeting with that individual? Is being active in groups the same as making calls?
While we are surely more visible through the social networks, all of that busy work serves as smoke and mirrors for the salespeople who are reluctant to pick up the phone and make calls. They have hope (by all accounts a good thing), but it's false hope. After someone accepts the invitation to join their network, they can't reply with, "Now that we're connected, I want to talk with you about what we do. Is it OK if I call?" While they can hide behind the keyboard and type a lame request like that, the lack of an actual conversation will make it even more difficult to schedule a meeting. And you can't have a conversation over email or LinkedIn.
There's an old saying in baseball that has been around forever and used as an anaology for many things: "You can't steal 2nd base and keep one foot on 1st."
The same goes for selling. You can't schedule a meeting if you don't pick up the phone.
I love comparing baseball with selling. It all started in 2004 when I began writing my best-selling book, Baseline Selling - How to Become a Sales Superstar by Using What You Already Know about the Game of Baseball. Several readers emailed me this week to ask why I hadn't yet written anything about the World Series, especially when my favorite team, the Boston Red Sox, are participants. I said it had to "hit" me first.
It's the eve of Game 6, but people are still debating the final plays and resulting call that ended Game 3. If you have been hiding in a cave, the final out of the game occurred when Allan Craig, who appeared to be an easy out at home plate, was called safe due to obstruction by Red Sox' third baseman Will Middlebrooks.
Most fans in Boston still can't believe or accept that the game ended under such bizarre circumstances. It reminded me of salespeople who continue to bemoan what they perceive to be bad decisions by prospects who awarded business to competitors.
Instead of bad or wrong calls and decisions, I believe that it's critical to frame decisions that don't go our way as tough decisions rather than bad or wrong decisions. "Bad" is a judgment and leads to debate, while "tough" forces us to move on to lessons learned and action steps. It is far more productive.
Jarrod Saltimaccia was 0-4 before his walk-off, game-winning single in Game 2 of the ALCS.
David Ortiz had been 0-6 in the ALCS before his game-tying grand slam in Game 2.
Jonny Gomes was just 5-33 in the post season and 0-9 in the World Series before his game-winning, three-run homer in Game 4 of the World Series.
Mike Napoli was 0-6 before his game-winning homer in Game 6 of the ALCS.
These guys stepped up and came up big despite their struggles. Ortiz and Napoli went on tears after their key hits.
Both examples in today's article really examine how players react to adversity. You have salespeople who also must overcome adversity.
The big question with sales forces (especially salespeople) is can your non-performers step-up and become performers? At Objective Management Group, we use science to determine and accurately predict whether your B's and C's can become A's and B's. Track record, recent sales and gut instinct won't do it. That's not science. We consider measurable sales findings that are highly predictive of future performance. John Farrell, Red Sox Manager, said his team is winning these games and coming through in the clutch "because of their will to succeed and their desire for success." Among other things, we measure those two characteristics in salespeople to help determine whether your B's can be coached up and your C's can be saved.
Of course, it's not enough to know if they can be saved. You also need to know how much better they will perform, what it will take in terms of training and coaching, and how long it will require to get them there. We do that! So, as in baseball's 2013 Playoffs, can your struggling salespeople step up and become the performers you need them to be? Let us help you find out!
Last week I wrote an article, Now That You Have a Sales Process, Never Mind, that was very critical of an article that appeared in Harvard Business Review. The authors were nice enough to clarify their position and, even if you read my original article, it's worth revisiting because of the additional discussion that took place after it appeared.
I mentioned the number of times that I have been critical of an HBR article on sales, but I have been nearly as critical of Geoffrey James, a contributor to Inc. Magazine. He has written a few articles which, at minimum, embarrass me and, at worst, reflect badly on him. Earlier this month he wrote, 4 Things Your Customers Don't Want, another article that qualifies for some questioning.
The Challenger describes a certain type of salesperson, one that Objective Management Group (OMG) has been identifying for 23 years. This highly successful, elite salesperson, has a Sales Quotient of 140 (out of a possible 173) or better. This elite salesperson is also described in my 2005 best-seller, Baseline Selling, where I introduced a sales process milestone called SOB Quality (speed on bases, a baseball expression). To achieve SOB, the prospect or customer is paying more attention to the salesperson than his/her competitors and achieves that by asking good, tough, timely questions; questions that other salespeople are not asking, questions that lead to better and different conversations; questions that challenge the prospect's thinking. Questions that challenge the prospect's thinking is the essence of the Challenger.
The Challenger isn't new - the authors of the Challenger simply gave this salesperson a name, got it published in - here we go - The Harvard Business Review, and bingo, it's got credibility. But, as with most things, now people are talking about the Challenger Sale as if it were a selling process, but, as you must realize, it's not. In Baseline Selling, it's a milestone. It's not the first time that people saw a process when none existed. People still think SPIN Selling is a process. It's really a methodology and it fits, in its entirety, between 1st and 2nd base in Baseline Selling. Ironically, the much simpler equivalent to SPIN in Baseline Selling is another milestone, called Compelling Reasons.
The essence of Geoffrey's article is his criticism of the concept of challenging a prospect's thinking. He says they don't want that, but he's only partly right - about the statement - and dead wrong about the implications.
If we are discussing a transactional sale, then he is completely correct. Let the customer just buy what they want to buy and don't complicate it. But most of us in the sales consulting space don't consult to companies with a transactional sale - that's marketing's job to get more people to buy!
However, if we are discussing a more complex sale, or your company is an underdog (higher-priced, newer company, smaller company, new technology, expensive, customizable solution, engineered solution, story to tell, or otherwise not the price or market leader), then you not only have salespeople, but they must overcome resistance with nearly every prospect they encounter.
Middle managers, who have been tasked to gather information, may not want their assignment challenged and may very well want to simply buy. In this scenario, without context, James is correct again. However, in the context of a real sales cycle, the salesperson needs to identify and finally meet the decision maker. In order to accomplish that, the middle manager must be challenged with enough questions, that they can't answer, so that they feel the need to involve a decision maker. When the salesperson meets the decision maker, these challenging questions must be asked to not only justify the meeting, but to achieve SOB and differentiate. This is where James is so wrong. While the prospect may not have wished for this experience, most decision makers appreciate the push-back that they rarely get from their direct reports and other salepeople calling.
Everything needs context and a lot of what is written today lacks the context to make it applicable.
In summary, prospects may not want to be challenged, but are appreciative when there is value to the questions being asked.
The Challenger Model is not a sales model; it's a name they came up with to describe an elite salesperson that OMG identified two decades ago and I described as a selling milestone in Baseline Selling in 2004.
If you're within an hour of Baltimore, I'll be there speaking at a public event (CEO's, Presidents and Sales VP's only) on Wednesday, October 23. If you're interested in attending, email me and I'll get you a complimentary ticket.
If you're within an hour of Atlanta or NYC, my colleague, Dennis Connelly, will be speaking at two public events. Tomorrow, he'll be in Atlanta and on Thursday, he'll be in NYC. If you're interested in attending, email Dennis and he'll get you a complimentary ticket.
if you aren't available for those three events, then perhaps you're available for my International Webinar on Thursday, October 24, when I'll discuss the reason why 4 Out of 5 Sales Managers are Ineffective and What You can Do About it. Register.
It's amazing what Harvard Business Review will print on their pages when it comes to the subject of sales. This post marks the 6th time that I have strongly felt the need to question an article appearing on their pages. The November 2013 issue featured an article titled Dismantling the Sales Machine.
Their member companies are big companies. Most of what happens when they sell stuff doesn't apply to small and mid-market companies.
As recently as April of 2013, Objective Management Group's (OMG) data on 1831615 salespeople overall, and 85,000 from the past 12 months, showed that 91% of the companies did not have a formal, structured sales process in place. In other words, lack of sales process (typical since I entered the sales development space in 1985) has not changed at all!
They may have accurately identified the effects (sales cycle, conversion ratios, forecasts and margins), but missed the boat on cause. Those are the exact same issues we have identified in the 10,000 companies whose sales forces we have evaluated - the companies where 91% did not have sales processes!
SPIN Selling - Most people think it's a process, but it's a methodology and SPIN, in its entirety, would fit between 1st and 2nd base in Baseline Selling.
I've seen processes that were so terribly sequenced that it was nearly impossible for salespeople to gain traction. The point is that having a process is not the same as having an effective process and, in most cases, is no more effective than having no process at all.
The authors made a recommendation that I believe was even more flawed than their data and conclusions. They suggest giving salespeople flexibility to use a judgment-focused, rather than process-focused approach. Well, according to the data on 1831615 salespeople, 91% of whom were already selling by the seat of their pants (aka best judgment), we could expect them to have trouble with sales cycles, conversions, forecasting reliability and margins. Sound familiar?
If the authors want to identify the cause of those 4 effects, they should look no further than sales management, 82% of whom aren't able to coach their weak salespeople to sell more consultatively - the other reason for the 4 effects. Proof of their ineffective coaching can be found on page 4 of the longer than necessary article where examples of questions that used to be asked during pipeline reviews are revealed. Those aren't sales coaching questions, those are tick marks in the CRM system!
By the way, this is World Awareness Week - a Celebration of Top Sales World - click the image below to visit.


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NASA's Dawn spacecraft obtained these images with its visible and infrared instrument on July 23, 2011. The two images represent the same zone of the giant asteroid Vesta with an image resolution of 1.3 kilometers per pixel.
The top image is a simulated true-color picture of the asteroid's surface to show what it would like to the human eye. The image was produced by assigning visible-light colors (blue, green and red) to three visible and infrared channels (440, 550 and 700 nanometers).
In the bottom image, visible and infrared channels have again been assigned visible-light colors. But in this case, the colors were chosen to enhance the differences in the composition of the asteroid surface and, therefore, in the geologic processes that must have created them.
The Dawn mission to Vesta and Ceres is managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington. It is a project of the Discovery Program managed by NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. UCLA is responsible for overall Dawn mission science. Orbital Sciences Corporation of Dulles, Va., designed and built the Dawn spacecraft.
The VIR visible and infrared mapping spectrometer was developed under the leadership of the Institute for Space Astrophysics and Cosmic Physics (IASF) and the Institute for the Physics of the Interplanetary Space (IFSI), both belonging to the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), Rome, Italy. The instrument was built by Selex Galileo, Florence, Italy. The VIR project is funded by ASI, the Italian Space Agency.


Photographers of any level who are at least 18 years of age.
Open to all photographic imagery that illustrate any portion of food production from growing to eating.
Photos must be submitted electronically through our entry website. The initial entry includes three images, and you can submit as many as you like after that for an additional fee.


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HOA Homefront Q&A: Old CC&Rs, expired…
HOA Homefront Q&A: Old CC&Rs, expired documents, and who owns the yards?
Just because a yard is part of the unit does not mean the HOA has no say in how it is used or maintained – the CC&Rs normally would apply to the units and common area.
By Kelly G. Richardson | kelly@rodllp.com | Contributing Columnist
PUBLISHED: October 30, 2020 at 6:30 a.m. | UPDATED: November 5, 2020 at 3:41 p.m.
Q: I wanted to know if you have any information in regard to the expiration of California CC&Rs. I've heard 20 years from the time of the recorded filing of the CC&Rs. I ask because I live in a subdivision development of homes that has no common areas but does have an HOA in which the developer transferred the CC&Rs to the HOA and homeowners. The CC&Rs don't show up in the San Mateo county recorder system and I can only find a single change in the CC&Rs back in 1986. I need to confirm whether the HOA should have renewed and recorded the revitalization of the CC&Rs as they are over 30 years old. Any information would be appreciated. — O.M., S. San Francisco
A: In past years, real estate attorneys included expiration dates in CC&Rs because of the "rule against perpetuities," an old legal rule that required a termination date. Although the passage of the Davis-Stirling Act in 1985 may have eliminated that concern, lawyers these days typically write CC&Rs with periodic automatic renewal so the HOA is covered in case a future court rules that CC&Rs still must have termination dates.
If CC&Rs expire the association no longer falls under the Davis-Stirling Act, which could be a horrible problem particularly for a condominium property. To reimpose expired CC&Rs, one would need 100% written consent not only of all the owners but also all the mortgage lenders – a very difficult task indeed. Older HOAs (1980s and earlier) should check their CC&Rs and ask members to vote to amend and include automatic renewal, to avoid the possible disaster of expired CC&Rs.
Q: I have a question regarding property ownership. Our small complex is a condominium, and we have free-standing houses each with a yard. Our condominium plan has a tract map with boundaries that include the unit with the front yards/patios along with a description that a unit consists of the dwelling, garage and private yard areas encompassed by the unit boundary line shown on the plan. This might be in conflict with other language in the CCRs. One owner is of the opinion that based on the tract map that this is his own private yard and he owns it. It is my opinion that this is a condominium and that he doesn't own the land. However, it is exclusive use common area with input on the project by the HOA. Thank you for any direction you can provide.– R.A., Lawndale
A.: Some subdividers create condominiums in which the unit is not the typical airspace block "surrounded by the unfinished surfaces of floors, walls, and ceilings," but in which the unit appears to be a piece of land. I call those "lot line condos," which can provide subdividers a way around zoning setback and minimum-lot size requirements. Have an HOA attorney look at the CC&Rs and condominium plan to provide guidance on this. Also, just because the yard possibly is part of the unit does not mean the HOA has no say in how it is used or maintained – the CC&Rs normally would apply to the units and common area.
Kelly G. Richardson Esq., CCAL, is a Fellow of the College of Community Association Lawyers and a Partner of Richardson | Ober | DeNichilo LLP, a California law firm known for community association advice. Submit questions to Kelly@rodllp.com.
Kelly G. Richardson | Contributing Columnist
Kelly G. Richardson, Esq. is a Fellow of the College of Community Association Lawyers and Managing Partner of Richardson Harman Ober PC, a law firm known for community association advice.
kelly@rodllp.com
Follow Kelly G. Richardson	@hoahomefront
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See Yosemite like you've never seen before
Danielle A Martin
If you've ever hiked in the Yosemite National Park, you've probably witnessed the spectacular views the mountain sides have to offer.
People might say there's no better way to view the falls, trees or the cloud-filled sky than to strap on a pair of boots and hike. While that might be true, there is one other way to see the wonders of Yosemite Valley and it's by plane.
The Mariposa-Yosemite Airport provides a sightseeing experience, Airborrn Aviation. It flys over Yosemite National Park and the High Sierra, for those who want to adventure through the park but might have a difficult time walking and hiking.
"Visit Yosemite-Madera County has hundreds of visitors from all over the world including locals walking in our doors in Oakhurst looking for an activity and to build lasting memories," said Therese Williams, public relations director for Visit Yosemite Madera County. "To see Yosemite National Park and the High Sierra from the air is a magical experience that is suitable for all ages, especially those who are unable to hike."
The Visit Yosemite- Madera County Bureau serves as a gateway into the southern part of Yosemite. The organization aims to draw visitors to Yosemite National Park and have those visitors use businesses and attractions within Madera County such as the airport.
The fight over Yosemite Valley is an hour long with the fully certified pilot also acting as the personal tour guide. It will coast over rivers, lakes, falls valley crevasses and the 'zombie' forest of trees stricken by drought and pine beetle. It will also take you over landmarks including Half Dome and El Capitan.
"We are the closest gate to the closest airport to the front gate of Yosemite National Park," said Anthony Borreson, Mariposa-Yosemite Airport Manager. "It truly is an experience not to be missed. What you see from up in the air gives you chills as the views are fantastic."
The Airborrn Aviation Yosemite tours are taken in a classic Cessna R172K-XP and can sit up to four people including the pilot. The one-hour scenic flight costs a passenger $199, two passenger $398 or three passengers $597.
Visit https://www.yosemiteaviation.com/ or call 209- 966-2143 for booking information.
Sequoia and Kings Canyon National parks
Just south of Yosemite, the Sequoia and Kings Canyon National park is celebrating Latino Conservation Week.
Twenty young Latino adults from Los Angeles led by an intern from the Latino Heritage Internship Program, will work with scientists to collect data on the sequoias, hike the Giant Forest, participate in interactive exhibits and learn about the stewardship the Latino community takes preserving the national park.
The Latine Heritage Internship program is sponsored by the Save the Redwoods League and is a joint partnership between the National Park Service and Hispanic Access Foundation.
"Latino Conservation Week provides a great opportunity for Sequoia National Park to reach new audiences," said Woody Smeck, superintendent of Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. "This experience is one that changes perspectives on the grandeur of nature and encourages youth to take up stewardship to ensure places like this remain for future generations."
Research shows that Latinos aren't actively engaging in activities on public lands. Eight percent of Latinos participated in outdoor recreation in 2015, according to the Outdoor Foundation.
On July 15, visitors can listen in on Spanish Giant Sequoia talks and participate in hands-on tree monitoring.The Giant Forest Museum will al host drop-in meet and greets with Latino National Park Service employees. The visitors can chat and learn about their experiences at Sequoia and Kings Canyon National parks.
Latino Conservation Week proudly acts as an ice breaker to the Latino population's enjoyment of public lands, excitement for new adventures to be taken in the parks and inspiration to the next Latino generation to take part in the stewardship of a national treasure.
"Latinos are passionate about enjoying the outdoors and hold a strong belief that we have a moral obligation to protect it for future generations," said Maite Arce, CEO of Hispanic Access Foundation, which launched Latino Conservation Week in 2014. "The week's events will introduce Latinos to new opportunities, new locations and new ways to translate their passion for the outdoors into making a difference for our nation's treasured natural resources."


Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, known as ADHD, is a brain type that affects between 15-20 million American adults, adolescents, and children. It is hard to know exactly how many have this rapid fire-thinking pattern called ADHD. Many go undiagnosed or are misdiagnosed. ADHD symptoms can vary as can treatment.
If you think ADHD is something that only affects children, guess again. ADHD children grow up to become ADHD adults. Without the skills to effectively manage their behavior, they will have difficulty achieving meaningful lives.
Males are almost three times more likely to have ADHD than females.
During their lifetimes, 12.9 percent of men will be diagnosed with the attention disorder. Just 4.9 percent of women will be.
The prevalence of ADHD is difficult to estimate because many people go undiagnosed and suffer alone. ADHD symptoms can go unrecognized for years. Because of this, it's hard to know true numbers. The assumption is that eight to nine million American adults have ADHD.
The primary symptoms of ADHD are inattention, impulsiveness, emotionality, and sometimes hyperactivity. However, the diagnosis of ADHD does not correlate only the presence of these symptoms.
Most people find themselves being distracted and impulsive, even hyperactive, at some points in their lives. But what distinguishes ADHD from "everyday" inattention and hyperactivity is the severity and duration of these symptoms.
The determination is how they impact an individual's daily life. Difficulty with memory and forgetfulness, distraction, excessive talking, and feelings of being overwhelmed are common symptoms. Many also have challenges with procrastination, over-stimulation, and negativity.
Secondary ADHD symptoms may include depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, boredom, addictions, and poor self-image. These symptoms are often a result of the stresses and challenges of living with the primary symptoms. Sometimes the secondary symptoms can be so acute they are inaccurately diagnosed as primary symptoms. It is not unusual, especially for adults, to receive the ADHD diagnosis after getting a second or third opinion.
Since ADHD is a neurological brain type, not a temporary condition, it necessitates a whole-person treatment plan. Most people with ADHD find the best improvement from some combination of coaching, healthy diet, exercise, good sleeping habits, and meditation/self-reflection time. A strong support system is also a huge aid. In some cases, medication and/or therapy is helpful.
Most people with ADHD are brilliant innovators and problem solvers. With the right assistance from others, professional and nonprofessional, they can lead highly productive, resourceful, and meaningful lives. They can draw on self-awareness, educational resources, and the acceptance of those around them.
Learn more about ADHD coaching programs and how to start living a better life.


After the shocking news that Heritage Foundation President Jim DeMint is being forced out of the influential think tank, things are starting to get ugly.
Jim DeMint just got capped and the right wing is still reeling. Since news broke that the Heritage president was getting sacked, many DeMint loyalists have started cleaning out their desks, the entire staff remains officially in the dark, and one board member has already resigned in protest.
The board member who has resigned is Todd Herrick, and more may soon leave the 22-member board.
Here is more information about the Jim DeMint purge.
John Hart has a new piece for Forbes on the "political assassination" of DeMint.
Think Tank Watch prediction: DeMint will start his own competing think tank with staffers who leave with him and get initial funding from board members who resign in solidarity.
Stay tuned to Think Tank Watch for the latest updates on the Heritage Foundation chaos. We will be posting several times each day on the latest developments.


text:
/*
 *  This file is part of the Wayback archival access software
 *   (http://archive-access.sourceforge.net/projects/wayback/).
 *
 *  Licensed to the Internet Archive (IA) by one or more individual
 *  contributors.
 *
 *  The IA licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 *  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 *  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 *  limitations under the License.
 */
package org.archive.wayback.replay;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.archive.wayback.ResultURIConverter;
import org.archive.wayback.core.Resource;
import org.archive.wayback.core.CaptureSearchResult;
import org.archive.wayback.exception.BadContentException;

/**
 *
 *
 * @author brad
 * @version $Date$, $Revision$
 */
public class HttpHeaderOperation {
	public final static String HTTP_LENGTH_HEADER = "Content-Length";
	public final static String HTTP_LENGTH_HEADER_UP =
		HTTP_LENGTH_HEADER.toUpperCase();
	public final static String HTTP_TRANSFER_ENC_HEADER =
		"Transfer-Encoding".toUpperCase();
	public final static String HTTP_CHUNKED_ENCODING_HEADER =
		"chunked".toUpperCase();
	public final static String HTTP_CONTENT_ENCODING = "Content-Encoding";

	/**
	 * @param resource
	 * @param httpResponse
	 * @throws BadContentException
	 */
	public static void copyHTTPMessageHeader(Resource resource,
			HttpServletResponse httpResponse) throws BadContentException {

		// set status code from original resource (which will definitely confuse
		// many clients...)
		int code = resource.getStatusCode();
		// Only return legit status codes -- don't return any minus
		// codes, etc.
		if (code <= HttpServletResponse.SC_CONTINUE) {
			throw new BadContentException("Bad status code " + code);
		}
		httpResponse.setStatus(code);
	}

	/**
	 * @param resource
	 * @param result
	 * @param uriConverter
	 * @param filter
	 * @return A HashMap containing the HTTP headers extracted from the Resource.
	 */
	public static Map<String,String> processHeaders(Resource resource,
			CaptureSearchResult result, ResultURIConverter uriConverter,
			HttpHeaderProcessor filter) {
		HashMap<String,String> output = new HashMap<String,String>();

		// copy all HTTP headers, as-is, sending "" instead of nulls.
		Map<String,String> headers = resource.getHttpHeaders();
		if (headers != null) {
			Iterator<String> itr = headers.keySet().iterator();
			while(itr.hasNext()) {
				String key = itr.next();
				String value = headers.get(key);
				value = (value == null) ? "" : value;
				filter.filter(output, key, value, uriConverter, result);
			}
		}
		return output;
	}

	/**
	 * @param headers
	 * @param response
	 */
	public static void sendHeaders(Map<String,String> headers,
			HttpServletResponse response) {
		Iterator<String> itr = headers.keySet().iterator();
		while(itr.hasNext()) {
			String key = itr.next();
			String value = headers.get(key);
			value = (value == null) ? "" : value;
			response.setHeader(key,value);
		}
	}

	public static String getContentLength(Map<String,String> headers) {
		return getHeaderValue(headers,HTTP_LENGTH_HEADER);
	}
	public static boolean isChunkEncoded(Map<String,String> headers) {
		String enc = getHeaderValue(headers,HTTP_TRANSFER_ENC_HEADER);
		if(enc != null) {
			return enc.toUpperCase().contains(HTTP_CHUNKED_ENCODING_HEADER);
		}
		return false;
	}
	public static String getHeaderValue(Map<String,String> headers, String k) {
		String value = null;
		Iterator<String> itr = headers.keySet().iterator();
		String keyUp = k.toUpperCase();
		while(itr.hasNext()) {
			String key = itr.next();
			if(key != null) {
				if(key.toUpperCase().contains(keyUp)) {
					value = headers.get(key);
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		return value;
	}

	public static boolean removeHeader(Map<String,String> headers, String k) {
		Iterator<String> itr = headers.keySet().iterator();
		String keyUp = k.toUpperCase();
		while(itr.hasNext()) {
			String key = itr.next();
			if(key != null) {
				if (key.toUpperCase().contains(keyUp)) {
					itr.remove();
					return true;
				}
			}
		}
		return false;
	}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Oprah named this blended concoction from the New York City-based Serendipity 3 one of her "Favorite Things" in 2006 saying that it makes her want to "dance on the chandeliers." Started in a basement on East 58th Street in 1954, Serendipity 3 has been a top stop for many celebrities though the years. Tennessee Williams and Jackie Kennedy were regulars. Andy Warhol used to pay for his meals with original drawings. With locations now open in Boca Raton and Las Vegas, Serendipity 3 is more than just a sweet shop, and also serves omelettes, salads, pizza and ribs. But the joint is best known for its Frrrozen Hot Chocolate, which is ordered by around 10,000 customers each month. In the restaurant each frosty creation is made by combining a secret dry mix with milk and ice in a blender on high speed until smooth. The dessert is poured into a huge goblet, topped with whipped cream and chocolate shavings, and served with spoons and straws. The chain claims the secret mix is a blend of many different chocolates, and then released a recipe to the Oprah Winfrey Show a while back (posted on the show's website) which supposedly revealed the secret formula. But it appears to be way off. The recipe given to Oprah says to use 6 half-ounce pieces "of your favorite chocolate," but the chocolate in the restaurant's secret dry mix comes only from cocoa powders. Also the recipe doesn't mention anything about nonfat dry milk which is a big part of the dry mix. All you have to do is look at the ingredient list on the package of mix to see "sugar, nonfat dry milk, dextrose, and cocoas." That's it. But you don't need to order a 5-dollar package of mix to enjoy this dessert. I'll save you a little time and money with this original Top Secret Recipe I've worked up which uses three popular brands of cocoa, plus dry milk and sugar. Blend this mix with whole milk and ice and you'll have a delicious (and cheap!) clone of Oprah's favorite drink that tastes better than any recipe out there.
Watch Todd make Serendipity 3 Frrrozen Hot Chocolate in this video.


text:
Home Tech Gadget
Best Playstation Games You Must Try in 2022
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Gaming is one of the most trending activities in this digital era. Several devices. May be used to play games such as Android. Tablets. Computer and Playstation. Gaming can reduce stress and entertain you after a boring day at work. So. If you are looking for the best Playstation games. Then this article. Is meant to you. Here we will provide you with the latest and best playstation games.
1 Best Playstation games
1.1 1. Battlefield 5
1.2 2. Assassin's Creed Odyssey
1.3 3. The Division 2
Best Playstation games
There are thousands of latest and old games you can play on playstation. But it is important to know the best one that can entertain you the most. Let's have a look at these best playstation games.
1. Battlefield 5
Battlefield is the first game in our list of best playstation games. It is an epic shooter series game and a perfect choice for those who love to play shooting games. The variety of maps and modes makes this game more entertaining. You can experience high quality war mode as you can be a soldier. Or you can drive tanks or pilot aircraft. Its high quality graphics will surely attract you and boost your experience.
Battlefield was officially launched on 10 September 2002 and its latest version was recently launched. That is Battlefield 5. Its publishers were Electronic Arts and DICE whereas the developers were Easy Studios and Neowiz Games.
This game also has an extraordinary little story mode. Which follows the adventures of a few soldiers battling on all fronts of the contention. Yet everything's about the multiplayer with Battlefield. In our recommendation. If you haven't tried this game. You should play it on your playstation for another level of gaming experience.
2. Assassin's Creed Odyssey
Assassin's Creed Odyssey is the second best playstation game that one should try. It is a single player action based video game with Avil Next 2.0 engine. With about 100+ long stretches of stages to do in antiquated Greece. And the decision of two lead characters. There's astounding worth to be had in Assassin's Creed Odyssey. There's a full RPG framework to fiddle with. Adding more profundity than any past Creed. And a patched up battle framework that truly features the subtleties of the person customisation choices.
This game was released on 1 October 2018 and was crafted by Ubisoft group of companies. According to Google. 92% users liked this game and it has an average rating of 4.6 out of 5 on Amazon. In the starting it collected a lot of name and fame and was played by most of the gamers. But after the latest updates it became more interesting. You can also check out the guide for Borderlands 2 classes.
3. The Division 2
The Division 2 is one of the best playstation games that are trending nowadays. This online multiplayer shooting and survival game was released on 7 February 2019 and it is crafted by Massive Entertainment and Ubisoft. Around 90% of Google users liked this game and helped it in achieving a lot.
If you want to play this game, you must have at least 76 GB disc space as its graphics are of supreme quality and have nearly 40 levels. The rumors about this awesome game are that in the new update of this game we may witness new story missions. Eight-player raids. More exotics. The price of this game is nearly nine hundred euros but this game is truly worth it.
All the games provided in this article are trending and you will surely love them. High quality Graphics. Several modes and stages. Intense fighting. Skins and survival are the key features of these playstation games.
In our recommendation, you should try these games and we are sure that you will not regret them. I hope you all enjoyed this article. In case you have any questions or suggestions. Kindly mention them in the comment section.
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Mission BBQ: The fast-growing chain you might not know about
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The story behind the flourishing chain began with a mission to support the military, firefighters and police officers. By Jonathan Maze on Jun. 25, 2018
Mission BBQ
At one point in time, entrepreneurs would develop some recipes they liked and build a restaurant company around them. But this is 2018. In the ultra-competitive world of restaurants, it's not enough to simply sell prepared food to consumers. Operators have to stand for something.
Nine years ago, friends Bill Kraus and Steve Newton came up with their "mission"—to honor America's military, police officers, firefighters and first responders—and then developed a menu to carry out that plan through a fast-casual concept, Mission BBQ.
Bill Kraus and Steve Newton, photo courtesy of Mission BBQ
"We started with our why," Kraus says. "Why we wanted to be in business, and what we wanted to do to serve, honor and thank American heroes. And then we worked on footprint, menu and the service component. But it's all about 'Why are we in this business?'"
There's little doubt about the results. In the years since it was started in a Baltimore suburb on the 10th anniversary of the Sept. 11 terror attacks, Mission BBQ has become one of the fastest-growing restaurant chains you likely don't know much about.
Mission's system sales grew 61% in 2017, according to Technomic's Top 500 Chain Restaurant Report. Unit count grew by a third. Beyond systemwide numbers, its restaurants get strong ratings on Yelp.
The fast-casual chain, which expects to finish 2018 with 80 locations in 16 states, gives a "significant portion" of its profits back to the community, through military nonprofits and charities for police and firefighters. "We're not afraid to step up and write a check," Kraus says.
The walls of Mission's restaurants are adorned with patches, pictures and other memorabilia donated by the local community.
And every restaurant shuts down for two minutes at noon. The kitchens stop working. The restaurants make an announcement and play the national anthem. Everything stops for those two minutes. "The best two minutes of the day are when the registers aren't ringing," Kraus says. "I'm in one of the restaurants almost every day at noon. I hear people singing and see people crying. They want to feel better about their country. It's food for the soul every day."
He adds, "If that's not something you want to partake in, come in at 12:02. But I'd rather you come in at 11:55."
Kraus had been a vice president of marketing for Under Armour, and Newton a regional vice president with Outback Steakhouse. They attended the same church and their kids went to the same school, but they ultimately bonded over golf. "We were two Midwestern kids growing up on the East Coast and had a lot in common: faith, family and friends were important," Newton says. "We struck up a friendship."
That comradery was based, in part, on traveling. Both were on the road a lot for work, and they would often talk about the restaurants they dined in while traveling. Newton spent a lot of time in top steakhouses, while Kraus went to a lot of barbecue restaurants. "I fell in love with it," says Kraus. "I didn't find it readily available in the places I lived or was living."
Kraus ultimately retired from Under Armour to spend more time with his family. Then the two friends decided to do something together. Kraus' two children joined the military, his eldest son joining the Marine Corps in 2008. "I'm the proud papa of two active duty military," Kraus says. "It's amazing what you learn from your children about what's important. It opened my eyes wide to a community I didn't have nearly enough appreciation for."
After devising their purpose, Newton and Kraus decided that barbecue was the best fit for the company they planned to create. "We wanted to build something that had meaning and significance," Newton says. "Barbecue is a true, American-type cuisine, with protein, mac and cheese and comfort food."
In addition, the two felt there was a lot of potential in a barbecue chain. "The barbecue space reminded me of what I saw when I first got started with Outback Steakhouse," Newton says. "Steakhouses were independent and kind of regional." Outback helped change that.
There are some large barbecue players, Newton acknowledges, but local and regional players are dominant. "There's a little bit of ocean, a little bit of blue sky," Newton says.
The friends then took a tour of barbecue restaurants in Austin, San Antonio, Dallas, Kansas City, St. Louis, the Carolinas and Tennessee. "We started eating and taking notes," Newton says. "We started doing some market studies of what the icons have done for a hundred years and settled on our product."
Newton says the company insists on everything being fresh. "There are no microwaves or freezers," he says. "They're not allowed."
The restaurants smoke meat in the morning for lunch, and in the afternoon for dinner. "Barbecue is low and slow," Newton says. "It's a labor of love."
The service style is fast casual, but Kraus calls it "fast comfortable," because the food and the environment is more comfortable. To build it, they've leaned on Newton's background in casual dining to improve service level. "I like the casual-dining level of service," he says. "Servers come to your table, see if you need a refill and try to take care of your needs."
While the company is expanding aggressively, it says it focuses on finding people first. "My philosophy on expansion is we need great people first," Newton says. "Before we go into any market, we try to do a good job today wherever we are."
Still, there is demand for the concept in more markets, as its growth numbers demonstrate. To Kraus, it's proof that the company's mission resonates in many communities. "It's more than just pulled pork at Mission BBQ," he says. "It's patriotism at its best."


There are a variety of retainers that can be used at the end of orthodontic treatment. The best type of retainer for your patient will depend on the type of treatment, any post-treatment corrections needed, and the patient's preference.
Retention protocols can vary from patient to patient and according to the type of retainer used. It's up to you to determine the best protocol for your patient.
For further information on determining retainer type and wear schedules, see our article on Retainers & Retention.
We hope you found this information helpful! Our Help Center is filled with more information like this on the topic of clear aligner treatment. Check it out!
ClearCorrect can create clear retainers based on PVS impressions, intraoral scans, or (if applicable) a previous step. Multiple sets of retainers can be ordered together at a discounted price.
1. Find the case under the in progress tab on ClearComm.
2. Click on the case to go to the case page.
3. Click the red REQUEST RETAINER button. As specified in the terms & conditions, the first set of retainers ordered for any open case is free, if it is based on a previous step and the case has never been closed. Note that ordering a retainer will close the case, so make sure you're satisfied with the treatment outcome first.
1. Find the case under the closed tab on ClearComm.
2. Click the case to go to the case page.
3. Click the red REQUEST RETAINER button.
We hope this information was helpful to you! Check out our Help Center which is filled with helpful articles on clear aligner treatment.
Tongue thrust (also called reverse swallow or immature swallow) is the common name of orofacial muscular imbalance, a human behavioral pattern in which the tongue actively protrudes through the anterior incisors during swallowing and speech due to a neuromuscular imbalance. This is what is considered by most professionals as a true tongue thrust.
When the tongue passively protrudes between the anterior teeth while the tongue is at rest (as in the case of an overly–large tongue), this is a postural phenomenon, or a pseudo-thrust.
Doctors treating patients with large anterior spacing and extreme proclination should consider the size of the tongue or the tongue thrusting habit prior to commencing treatment.
When considering the correction for an anterior openbite, it is imperative to determine the actual etiology, i.e. is it an environmental result of a large tongue, or a result of a hyperactive tongue thrusting against those teeth?
Proper identification and correction of an anterior openbite problem will greatly increase the long–term success of the treatment and the stability of the retention. While referral to a speech therapist may help with a neuromuscular imbalance, correction of the environment or openbite to allow the large tongue to properly occupy the oral cavity without it applying excessive labial pressure against the teeth can be sufficient without the help of a therapist.
Possible correction of an openbite can include clear aligners, 'reverse-curve' archwires, vertical elastics, or orthognathic surgery, depending upon the severity of the problem. A long-term retention protocol may be advised to increase stability of the correction.
We hope you found this information useful! If you're interested in more like this, check out our Help Center.
The following information is for reference when specifically dealing with dentoalveolar tooth movements with clear aligners and excludes all medical, functional, developmental and skeletal causes for open bites.
An anterior open bite is generally defined as a condition where the upper & lower posterior teeth are touching when the patient bites down, but the anterior teeth are not in occlusion.
An open bite can occur during transition from primary to permanent dentition, and is considered to be a temporary stage of normal dentoalveolar growth and development.
Anterior open bite, like most other malocclusions, can either be hereditary or have environmental causes and are usually a combination of both.
Some conditions, such as TMJ degeneration, can manifest as an open bite. Factors like onset and disease progression can also come into play. Along with this, other factors such as habits, mode of respiration, tongue size, smile display are all considerations—each of these a complex topic in itself.
If an anterior open bite is present before, during, or after treatment with clear aligners, a comprehensive evaluation must be completed in order to properly determine the reason for the openbite, whether it is due to a dental, skeletal, muscular, or other etiology; only then can the appropriate course of treatment be applied.
Some dental open bites can be corrected with clear aligner treatment, pending examination and diagnosis to determine eitology of the open bite. When you submit your case, be sure you provide your technician with your treatment details for how you plan to correct the anterior open bite in the "Additional instructions" section.
We hope you found this information helpful. Find more information like this in our Help Center.
Rotations, extrusions and intrusions are some of the more difficult movements to achieve with clear aligners. Here are some basic principles to observe when attempting to rotate, extrude or intrude a tooth during clear aligner treatment.
1. A tooth that's not upright will not extrude or intrude easily.
2. Place a horizontal engager and tilt it upright first.
3. Make sure there is adequate interproximal space; use IPR where appropriate to make space and prevent collisions.
4. Then extrude or intrude slowly.
5. If an extrusion doesn't work, try button & elastic auxiliaries.
1. A tooth without space won't rotate.
2. Give it adequate space to move/rotate without restriction by adjacent teeth.
3. Then place an engageron the tooth to be rotated and rotate it.
4. If you're having trouble with rotations, see our article on troubleshooting rotations.
We hope you found this information helpful. Want more information like this on the topic of clear aligner treatment? Check out our Help Center which is filled with useful information.
We sent out a survey recently asking doctors for their questions about the use of auxiliaries in clear aligner therapy. Our Clinical Advisor, Dr. Ken Fischer, has the answers.
What are the main indications for auxiliaries, what are their limitations and side effects?
Auxiliaries enhance the force applied by aligners. When a tooth is not tracking with the aligner, the auxiliaries can direct pressure in the desired direction. Limitations and side effects will vary depending on the type of auxiliary and how it is applied.
How can I predict when I may need to use these systems? I would like to be able to tell a patient that these items may be used in their treatment.
Predicting the need for auxiliaries gets easier with experience. You can tell your patient that auxiliaries may be necessary when you see difficult movements such as extreme rotations, extrusions, and inter-arch corrections.
I would like to learn how to incorporate the use of auxiliaries into my cases to provide the best treatment outcomes. Do you have any recommendations?
The first step is to learn to identify difficult movements in the treatment plan. For details on how to use auxiliaries to enhance these movements, check out our article in the Help Center on this topic.
How do you best use pliers in a situation where a tooth is not moving as predicted?
Pliers create dimples in the aligners to nudge the teeth with a little extra pressure. They can be surprisingly effective. Before applying dimples, make sure there is adequate space on the opposing side of the aligner for the tooth to move into.
Are elastics used when the clear aligner fails to move the tooth or is it sometimes incorporated into the original treatment setup?
One must remember one of the basic tenets of clear aligner treatment: when a tooth is properly/fully encased in the plastic aligner material, it cannot be moved except by the forces built into the aligner.
Class II elastics, Class III elastics, and vertical elastics can be used with aligners to effect dental arch (skeletal) movement, not individual tooth movement. This type of elastic application should be incorporated into the initial treatment plan designed by the doctor and can be included in "Additional instructions" when submitting a case.
Elastics can be used to extrude individual teeth into occlusal gaps in the aligner caused by the teeth not moving as expected.
I have difficulty adhering buttons to crowns, any suggestions?
Assure PLUS All Surface Bonding Resin from Reliance Orthodontics is great for bonding to crowns. You may also want to consider using micro-abrasion to roughen the porcelain surface.
I have trouble with not being able to have elastic hooks or button cutouts in aligners. What do you recommend?
Since cutouts are not offered at this time, an alternate option is to create your own cutouts with a hole punch or coarse football diamond bur. If the patient declines this option, then you may want to explain the potential consequences of reducing the efficacy of the aligner treatment.
I have trouble getting the button to stay on the aligner.
Due to the flexibility of the aligner material, it can be difficult to keep buttons bonded to the aligner material. You can try micro-abrasion to roughen the aligner surface before bonding.
Can you develop a way to use elastics?
If the doctor desires to use Class II or Class III elastics as treatment auxiliaries, ClearCorrect recommends aligner treatment where the treating doctor uses elastics and buttons bonded to the teeth, since cutouts or notches in the aligner material are not offered at this time. This technique is more efficient, effective, and practical for the doctor.
Could you use ramps on upper anteriors to help open closed bites?
ClearCorrect does not build ramps into its aligners. There is no credible research validating the clinical effectiveness of built-in ramps. Incisor intrusion is a more effective and predictable technique for improving deep bites.
With ClearCorrect aligners, how extreme can you go in the overall treatment plan?
ClearCorrect is an advanced system of clear aligner therapy that uses the latest digital technology, design and clinical approaches. ClearCorrect aligners have been used to treat a wide range of types of malocclusion, ranging from simple cases to advanced extraction and surgical cases, alone and in conjunction with other techniques. Success will depend on the expertise of the doctor, the compliance of the patient, and biological factors.
A big thank you to all the providers who answered our survey!
Check out our Help Center for more helpful information on clear aligner treatment.
It is not unusual for a patient undergoing orthodontic treatment with clear aligners to have one or more missing teeth. One of the unique features of treating with aligners is the opportunity for the doctor to provide a virtual pontic to fill in the missing space.
A pontic is defined as an artificial tooth on a fixed dental prosthesis that replaces a missing natural tooth, restoring its function and esthetics. It usually fills the space previously occupied by the clinical crown of the missing tooth.
A virtual pontic is a tooth-shaped placeholder in an aligner created in the space left by missing teeth. Since the aligner does not cover a tooth in this location, there is a resulting void in the aligner. Fortunately, this void can be painted or filled to create the appearance of a tooth in that space.
For larger spaces in the posterior areas, a bar is often added to improve structural integrity, instead of a tooth-shaped void.
You can request a virtual pontic at the time of case submission, in the "Additional Instructions" section. The technician will need to know whether you want the space filled by the pontic to close as the teeth move, or be maintained for future restoration.
Pontics are represented on treatment setups as translucent teeth.
The inside of the void can be coated with pontic aligner paint (such as Perfect-A-Smile,available in the ClearCorrect Store). This light cure paste comes in varying colors which can be mixed to approximate the shade of adjacent teeth and applied by the doctor or staff prior to delivery of the aligners. This technique is only necessary while the space resembles the shape of a tooth.
Instructions for applying Perfect-A-Smile are available in PDF and video formats.
Instead of painting the inside of the plastic aligner, the pontic void can be filled with a tooth-shaded, vinyl polysiloxane (PVS) adhesive material. While this technique can look good, the material is prone to falling out of the aligners.
We hope you found this information helpful! You can find more like this in our Help Center.
Reviewing and approving the treatment setup for your patient is one of the key factors in planning treatment. This is where you get to map out the treatment outcomes desired by you and your patient.
ClearCorrect's role is to help you create the treatment setup you want for your patient. We can offer recommendations for the course of treatment, but those recommendations are not absolute. It's up to you to make any necessary changes to customize an ideal treatment plan for each individual patient.
From now on, treatment setups for new cases will be displayed as a web page, instead of as a file in Adobe Reader. This reduces crashes, works on mobile devices, and lays the groundwork for future improvements. Tooth charts are missing right now, but we expect to add them soon. You'll still need Adobe Reader to view setups that were created before this release.
If you have any trouble, first make sure your browser is up to date and then let us know at support@clearcorrect.com.
A treatment setup contains 3D models for each step of the treatment, representing the tooth movements that you prescribe. If you approve the setup, these models will be printed and used to manufacture the aligners.
Treatment setups appear in the case list on dr.clearcorrect.com when they're ready for your review.
Click a case in the list to visit its case page. You'll find the treatment setup near the top. Click the treatment setup icon and your setup will open in a web browser window. New web-based setups should work in current versions of Internet Explorer, Chrome, Safari, and Firefox for Mac, Windows, iOS, and Android.
A link to a shareable version, which hides the patient's first name and evaluation button is also available for new setups. Click "Share link" and copy the URL that is displayed. This can be pasted into an email or text message for sharing with patients or colleagues.
You'll want to start by confirming the accuracy of the model and bite articulation. Put the timeline in the starting position and tilt the model up to check for gaps between the upper and lower incisors—this often indicates an improper bite.
From the front, check the midline relationship. Use the right and left views to verify the overjet, overbite, canine, and molar relationships. Use the occlusal views to confirm that the impressions or intraoral scans accurately captured the shape of the teeth.
If you're satisfied with the starting model, carefully review the subsequent steps to verify that the planned tooth movements are safe and effective.Verify that any recommended IPR and engagers are sufficient to achieve your goals.
Bear in mind that these models really represent the shape of the aligners that you will be given—no one can guarantee what the teeth will do in real life. ClearCorrect's technicians will attempt to follow your instructions as closely as possible. As the prescribing doctor, you are ultimately responsible for your patient's orthodontic care.
When you're done reviewing the setup, click EVALUATE to return to the case page.
If you're happy with the treatment as shown, click APPROVE to accept it and pay for the case, then click SUBMIT. When we get your approval, we'll start manufacturing the sequence of aligners represented in the treatment setup.
If the model looks inaccurate, you want to move the teeth differently, or you want to cancel the case, click DISAPPROVE and let us know what you want to do. Our technicians will do their best to make any changes you request and upload a new version for your approval within a few days.
This also is where we can adjust any of your preferences related to IPR (which teeth, when and how, no IPR, expansion, limited IPR, limited expansion, etc.) or engagers based on your specifications.
You will receive an email notification once your revised treatment setup is ready to be viewed, either right away, at the end of the day, or at the end of the week, depending on often how you've asked to receive notifications.
The ideal time to look at your treatment goals is when you're submitting your case. Beginning with the end in mind is the best way to get the treatment plan you want for your patient.
Submitting more information leads to receiving better treatment setups. Our technicians are good, but they're even better with your input. We will work with you to get the treatment plan you desire.
Specific instructions to address any of the above problems can be given in the Additional Instructions sections when submitting a case.
We hope this information helps you submit & evaluate your future cases!
Support for mobile devices—approve your setups any time, anywhere.
A link to a shareable version, which hides the patient's first name and evaluation button.
Crisper, more responsive 3D graphics.
No more crashes caused by Adobe Reader updates.
You won't need to do anything different—you'll still click the same icon to view setups on the case pages, and approve or decline them like you do today. The setup should work in the current version of Internet Explorer, Chrome, Safari, and Firefox. If you're not sure whether your browser is up to date, you can verify that here.


text:
Decker College of Nursing and Health Sciences
MPH Faculty
Katherine Wander
katherinewander@binghamton.edu
Wander is a biological anthropologist and epidemiologist working at the intersection of human evolutionary biology and health. Much of her research seeks to understand how humans in general and children in particular cope with nutritional and infectious disease stress, and the immediate and developmental impact of malnutrition and infectious disease on the protective and pathological capacity of the immune system. She has investigated the relationship between infectious disease in infancy and immune responses and allergies later in childhood in Tanzania, as well as evolutionary theories of parental investment as they relate to weaning. She has also studied whether dietary iron deficiency relates to risk for infectious diseases and immune responses among East African children. Her population-based research within this theoretical framework requires use of techniques to characterize multiple aspects of children's health—growth, inflammation and infectious disease status, immune function, and micro-nutrient status—outside of a clinical setting. As such, she employs "rough-tech" laboratory techniques that are minimally-invasive and robust to challenging field conditions. In collaboration with others, she works to adapt assay techniques and interpretation parameters to allow population-based research in the developing world to capitalize on technology developed for clinical use in a wealthy, industrial setting. She is also interested in the practice of female circumcision, or female genital cutting/mutilation (FGM/C) in West Africa. Wander was part of a large project investigating the dynamic process of decision-making and behavior change around female circumcision in the Senegambia. As part of this project, she served as a consultant to the World Health Organization (WHO) and to UNICEF on the practice of FGM/C in sub-Saharan Africa.
MPH, PhD, The University of Washington
BA, The Ohio State University
Epidemiology and Global Health
infectious disease ecology
female circumcision
Laboratory for Anthropometry and Biomarkers
Wander Lab
Google Scholar Profile - Katherine Wander
Research Gate: Katherine Wander


text:
Tridactylus is een geslacht van rechtvleugeligen uit de familie Tridactylidae. De wetenschappelijke naam van dit geslacht is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1789 door Olivier.

Soorten
Het geslacht Tridactylus omvat de volgende soorten:
Tridactylus angustus Günther, 1995
Tridactylus australicus Mjoberg, 1913
Tridactylus berlandi Chopard, 1920
Tridactylus capensis Saussure, 1877
Tridactylus fossor Fabricius, 1798
Tridactylus galla Saussure, 1895
Tridactylus major Scudder, 1869
Tridactylus nigroaeneus Walker, 1871
Tridactylus paradoxus Latreille, 1802
Tridactylus peruvianus Chopard, 1920
Tridactylus thoracicus Guérin-Méneville, 1844
Tridactylus tithonus Blackith & Blackith, 1979

Tridactylidae

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The speaker in this lengthy video is Anthony Giddens is a former director of LSE and a Member of the House of Lords. It was recorded on 14 October 2014. Professor Lord Giddens published The Politics of Climate Change in 2007 and he is currently preparing a new edition for publication in 2015. In this lecture he explores how much progress has been made since the work was first published in containing global warming - arguably one of the greatest threats to a stable future for humanity.