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Journal of Coloproctology (Rio de Janeiro)
Texto (English)
Original Article • J. Coloproctol. (Rio J.) 39 (2) • Apr-Jun 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcol.2019.02.001 copy
Critical assessment of the surgical treatment of low rectal adenocarcinoma in a reference hospital in Recife☆ ☆ Study conducted in the Coloproctology Department of the Hospital Barão de Lucena (HBL), managed by the Pernambuco State Health Department (SES/PE).
Thiago Alexandre Martins Marques
Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira, Departamento de Coloproctologia, Recife, PE, Brazil
*Corresponding author. E-mail: tagomarques@gmail.com (T.A. Marques).
Maurilio Toscano de Lucena
Hospital Barão de Lucena (HBL), Departamento de Coloproctologia, Recife, PE, Brazil
Mauricio Jose de Matos e Silva
Joaquim Herbenio Costa Carvalho
Ana Rita Marinho Ribeiro Carvalho
Hospital da Restauração, Departamento de Radiologia, Recife, PE, Brazil
Juscielle de Souza Barros
Hospital Barão de Lucena (HBL), Departamento de Cirurgia Geral, Recife, PE, Brazil
To evaluate the rates of abdominoperineal resection in patients with low rectal adenocarcinoma at the Hospital Barão de Lucena – SES/PE.
This is a study based on the analysis of medical records of patients with low rectal adenocarcinoma submitted to surgical treatment at the Hospital Barão de Lucena Coloproctology Service between 2013 and 2016.
It was observed that 77.5% of patients underwent abdominoperineal resection and 22.5% underwent anal sparing surgery. Most of the patients were male (62.5%), were under 70 years old (72.5%), presented a BMI less than 30 kg/m2 (87.5%), presented American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score I and III (82.5%), Rullier classification from I to III (95%) and TNM different from T1–T3 (95%). In 92.5% of medical records, there was no record of fecal continence before surgery. The most frequent period between the end of the radiotherapy and the surgery was over 11 weeks (57.5%); the most common distance from the tumor to the anal margin was between 3.1 and 4.0 cm (35% of patients).
There was a high rate of non-sparing anal sphincter surgeries. The only predictive factor for abdominoperineal resection was the presence of tumors classified as Rullier type III and IV.
Adenocarcinoma; Rectal cancer; Colorectal surgery; Colostomy; Magnetic resonance imaging
Thiago Alexandre Martins Marques *
Figures | Tables
Distribution of the type of surgery performed.
Distribution of the personal and clinical profile of the patients evaluated.
Distribution of sparing surgery according to patient profile.
Fig. 1 Distribution of the type of surgery performed.
Table 1 Distribution of the personal and clinical profile of the patients evaluated.
Assessed factor
p-valuea
Gender 0.114
Male 25 62.5
Female 15 37.5
Age 0.004
Less than 70 years 29 72.5
70 or more years 11 27.5
Minimum-maximum 39-88
Mean ± standard deviation 61.4 ± 12.6
BMI <0.001
Less than 30 35 87.5
30 or more 5 12.5
Minimum-maximum 15.9-32.9
Mean ± standard deviation 25.0 ± 3.8
Incontinence <0.001
No 37 92.5
Yes 3 7.5
ASA <0.001
Lower than III 33 82.5
III or more 7 17.5
Rullier <0.001
Other than IV 38 95.0
Level IV 2 5.0
TNM <0.001
Other than T4 38 95.0
Level T4 2 5.0
Time after RT 0.343
Less than 11 weeks 17 42.5
11 or more weeks 23 57.5
Minimum-maximum 0.0-100.0
Distance from AM 0.018
0.0-1.0 cm 2 5.0
2.1-3.0 cm 7 17.5
3.1-4.0 cm 14 35.0
Minimum-maximum 0.0-6.0
Mean ± standard deviation 3.6 ± 1.5
Sparing surgery 0.001
Yes 9 22.5
p-value of the chi-squared test for comparison of proportion (p < 0.05 indicates the proportions found in the levels of the factor evaluated differ).
Table 2 Distribution of sparing surgery according to patient profile.
Sparing surgery
Male 8 (32%) 17 (68%)
Female 1 (6.7%) 14 (93.3%)
Less than 70 years 8 (27.6%) 21 (72.4%)
70 or more years 1 (9.1%) 10 (90.9%)
BMI 0.311
Less than 30 7 (20%) 28 (80%)
30 or more 2 (40%) 3 (60%)
Incontinence 1.000
No 9 (24.3%) 28 (75.7%)
Yes 0 (0%) 3 (100%)
ASA 0.175
Lower than III 9 (27.3%) 24 (72.7%)
III or more 0 (0.0%) 2 (100%)
Rullier 1.000
Other than IV 9 (23.7%) 29 (76.3%)
Level IV 0 (0.0%) 2 (100%)
TNM 1.000
Other than T4 9 (23.7%) 29 (76.3%)
Level T4 0 (0.0%) 2 (100%)
Less than 11 weeks 3 (17.6%) 14 (82.4%)
11 or more weeks 6 (26.1%) 17 (73.9%)
0.0-1.0 cm 0 (0.0%) 2 (100%)
2.1-3.0 cm 1 (14.3%) 6 (85.7%)
3.1-4.0 cm 2 (14.3%) 12 (85.7%)
4.1-5.0 cm 2 (25%) 6 (75%)
p-value of Fisher's exact test (p < 0.05 indicates that the factor evaluated influences the type of surgery performed).
I 7 18.4
II 11 28.9
III 20 52.6
Other than T4 29 100.0
Post-RT time 0.577
4.15.0 cm 6 20.7
Sociedade Brasileira de Coloproctologia Av. Marechal Câmara, 160/916, 20020-080 Rio de Janeiro/RJ Brasil, Tel.: (55 21) 2240-8927, Fax: (55 21) 2220-5803 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: sbcp@sbcp.org.br
Critical assessment of the surgical treatment of low rectal adenocarcinoma in a reference hospital in Recife


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Q: Oracle Join - Which is faster - using the whole table or a subquery that has specific columns needed in the table? I am really new into optimizing queries. Could you please advise which INNER JOIN runs faster?
Please note that i am using two different ways of inner join syntax(have same # of records)
1.) INNER JOIN of subqueries that have DISTINCT and selected columns only from  its respective table
select
fac.fac_id ,
dept.dept_id ,
wk.week_id ,
sum(case when TRIM(fpl.MEASURE) like '%Salar%Wage%' then DATAVALUE else 0 end) WAGES_AMT,
sum(case when TRIM(fpl.MEASURE) like '%Tot%Man%hour%Ret%' then DATAVALUE else 0 end) MANHRS_QTY,
fpl.md_cycle_nbr ,
fpl.md_load_dt
from
    EAS_STG.FPA_PLAN_LABOR fpl
    INNER JOIN
        (
          select distinct(dept_nbr), dept_id
          from department_D
          where regexp_instr( Dept_nbr,'([^0-9])') = 0
         ) dept
         ON TO_NUMBER(TRIM( 'D' FROM fpl.department)) = TO_NUMBER(dept.dept_nbr)
      INNER JOIN
         (
          select distinct(FAC.FAC_NBR), fai.fac_id
          from FACILITY_D fac, FACILITY_ALTERNATE_ID fai
          where fac.fac_id = fai.fac_id
          and fac.company_id = 1101
         ) fac
         ON TRIM(REPLACE(fpl.facility, 'Fac-')) = fac.fac_nbr
      INNER JOIN
         (
          select distinct(wk_hierarchy_id) week_id from DAY_HIERARCHY_D
         ) wk ON TO_NUMBER(TRIM(REPLACE(fpl.scenario, 'Plan ')) || TRIM(REPLACE(fpl.time, 'Wk '))) = WK.week_id
GROUP BY
fac.fac_id ,
dept.dept_id ,
wk.week_id ,
fpl.md_cycle_nbr ,
fpl.md_load_dt
;

2.) INNER JOIN of the whole table without the selected columns
SELECT fac.fac_id
     , dept.dept_id
     , d.wk_hierarchy_id week_id
     , SUM(CASE WHEN TRIM(fpl.MEASURE) LIKE '%Salar%Wage%' THEN datavalue ELSE 0 END) WAGES_AMT
     , SUM(CASE WHEN TRIM(fpl.MEASURE) LIKE '%Tot%Man%hour%Ret%' THEN datavalue ELSE 0 END) MANHRS_QTY
     , fpl.md_cycle_nbr
     , fpl.md_load_dt
  FROM EAS_STG.FPA_PLAN_LABOR fpl
  JOIN department_d dept
    ON TO_NUMBER(TRIM( 'D' FROM fpl.department)) = TO_NUMBER(dept.dept_nbr)
  JOIN facility_d fac
    ON TRIM(REPLACE(fpl.facility, 'Fac-')) = fac.fac_nbr
  JOIN facility_alternate_id fai
    ON fac.fac_id = fai.fac_id
  JOIN day_hierarchy_d d
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WHERE fac.company_id = 1101
   AND REGEXP_INSTR(dept_nbr,'([^0-9])') = 0
GROUP BY fac.fac_id
     , dept.dept_id
     , d.wk_hierarchy_id
     , fpl.md_cycle_nbr
     , fpl.md_load_dt
;

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The Sonoma County Office of Education and Windsor Unified School District are co-sponsoring the Sonoma County College & Career-Ready Fair on Wednesday, Sept. 5, from 6:00pm to 8:00pm. The event will take place at Windsor High School, 8695 Windsor Road, in the large and small gyms. Parents, juniors, and seniors are invited to attend. The event will feature over 70 public university, private college, technical training school, and career representatives. Hundreds of students are expected to attend. For information, contact Windsor High School college and career coordinator Jennifer Taddei, (707) 837-7767 x2137 or jtaddei@wusd.org.
Download the College and Career Fair Poster.


InfiniteWP is a self hosted open source WordPress management tool. It allows you to access your WordPress sites through one interface allowing you to backup, restore, and update your WordPress version, plugins, and themes.
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The Social Network - Fact or Fiction? (Spoilers!)
Mark Zuckerberg (l) is played by Jesse Eisenberg (r) in The Social Network
Some who previewed the movie 'The Social Network' claimed it presented Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg as a "borderline-autistic conniver" and a "ruthless and untrustworthy sex maniac". The fast paced geek drama opened in movie theaters on October 1st, 2001, and startled naysayers by becoming not only a hit with viewers but acclaimed by critics as well.
The film, adapted from Ben Mezrich's 2009 nonfiction book The Accidental Billionaires, tells the story of the founding of Facebook in the form of flashbacks during a court hearing. An arrogant Mark Zuckerberg is being sued by twin brothers Cameron and Tyler Winklevoss, who claim they were the financial founders of the social network and have been edged out by their now greedy friend.
In the Beginning - The Founding of Facebook
The story reaches back to before the brainstorm that became the world's largest online social meetingplace to February 4, 2004, with a 19 year old Zuckerberg (played by 26 year old Jesse Eisenberg)was dumped by Erica, his girlfriend.
Among other insults, she flings two particularly hurtful ones at the budding genius, informing him that he may "go through life thinking that girls don't like you because you're a tech geek" - but that's not the real reason he'll be alone. "I want you to know, from the bottom of my heart, that that won't be true," she tells him. "It'll be because you're an asshole."
The film takes a dark turn as Zuckerberg slinks off to nurse his grief with alcohol in his Harvard dorm. He creates a code which allows him to catalogue Harvard's collection of student body biographies and pictures. His friends love the idea, and promptly join in - ranking the female students by comparing them to barnyard animals.
Zuckerberg uploads his newly created "FaceMash" to the college servers - which promptly crash as the network goes viral in less than half an hour. The hubbub attracts the attention of the Winklevoss twins from Harvard's rowing team, and the duo offers to fund the venture if Zuckerberg will expand his listing to include athletes.
From Harvard to Hollywood
It is at this point that Zuckerberg drops out of college and moves to Silicon Valley. He becomes close with Napster co-founder Sean Parker (played by Justin Timberlake), and he and the music piracy site prince enjoy an undisciplined orgiastic life of drunkenness and sex with newfound groupies as the social network continues to expand by the day.
As college campuses across the country eagerly jump on the newly renamed "Facebook" wagon, Zuckerberg began attempting to cut out early supporters - including the Winklevoss twins, who are incensed and promptly bring a lawsuit - claiming Mark was under contract to build them a similar website which they had planned on calling "The Harvard Connection".
A Delaware court gives the duo $65 million for their part in the fledgling company turned behemoth, and Parker (who claims he is the reason the company survived a dissipated Zuckerberg) walks away with $200 million.
The film ends with Mark Zuckerberg - now worth over $4 billion - awaiting a reply to a message he sent to his old girlfriend Erica, and obsessively refreshing the page every few seconds as his hope slowly fades.
The Social Network Exceeds Expectations
The film exceeded all expectations, grossing over $23 million in its debut weekend. It will be available to rent on Blu-ray and DVD or through Netflix , Redbox or On-Demand on January 11, 2011. Critically acclaimed, the show is expected to garner plenty of awards - although the veracity of a lot of it is still in question.
Facebook's Chief Operating Officer Sheryl Sandberg told the Huffington Post that the film bore very little resemblance to the reality of those early days: "In real life, he (Mark Zuckerberg) was just sitting around with his friends in front of his computer, ordering pizza," she declared. "Who wants to go see that for two hours?"
Jesse Eisenberg plays Mark Zuckerberg in THE SOCIAL NETWORK
entertainment tv
Last modified on Monday, 22 October 2012 14:59
Five Movies Ripe For a Remake
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Jessica Chastain Heats Up the Screen in 2011

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Plagiarism would be the react of burning somebody's perform or suggestions and also proclaiming these people because your. Article plagiarism runs by replicating some sort of paragraph as well as complete webpages from a different published origin, such as an article, publication, publish or maybe content without citing the original source applied. Examining intended for plagiarism involves understanding the actual hints in the common plagiarist; some are obvious, several less therefore. This information can educate you exactly what to consider to spot plagiarized do the job.
Method 1 associated with four: What is actually usual?
Consider this author's typical perform. Knowing the actual author, what do you typically be expecting with this person? In the event the writing will be instantly a lot better than his or her normal operate, this is good reason for you to search further. Needless to say, if you're impaired paying attention to, this task just isn't relevant. Nonetheless, regarding instructors examining function directly, this doesn't happen consider very long to recognise what exactly each pupil is actually competent at and to spot dissimilarities on paper styles.
Does this specific person usually help make punctuation blunders however suddenly gives excellent transliteration through the entire do the job?
Does this kind of man or women will often have incoherent or poorly made principles, subsequently instantly presents effectively formulated claims?
Is the effort involving much more time-span or maybe in-depth analysis as compared to you would probably assume because of this particular person?
One thing to be aware of when evaluating documents is actually no matter whether an issue had been mentioned with category. Once and for all scientists in addition to higher-level students, this is not this kind of concern but also for lower level college students unaccustomed to or even certainly not likely to exploration additional commonly, addition regarding material which is not related to the niche or perhaps of which is going properly beyond type discussion can be quite a reddish hole. Naturally, the idea may be indicative you do have a bored and extremely given scholar inside category, and so be critical.
It can be done that the author has been acquiring tutoring, has been striving more difficult or possesses merely identified their own groove and then "gets it". This author's usual common is a single achievable indication to be able to alert someone to potential complications; listen to forget the doable good reasons also!
Know your issue. Your understanding in addition to restrictions impact upon evaluating plagiarism. Precisely how nicely let's consider topic place? Does one sense comfortable which you have go through widely or perhaps mastered ample in order to position whenever another person features selected key phrases or even methods from another person inside field without making use of their very own words? Together with expertise, a person will start to recognize hot places associated with plagiarism nevertheless even fresh away from college or university, your individual information will help you understand when you are reading through something which is just not authentic.
Look pertaining to incongruencies or "red flags". Typically whenever somebody is usually committing plagiarism, they may neglect the tiny variations involving their writing and also the article, ebook as well as essay that they plagiarized via. This kind of blunder can make it really evident which the author is intending for you to complete off of someone else's function away seeing that their very own. A few relatively typical warning involving plagiarized work contain those people layed out in the following actions.
Consider the particular punctuation. Punctuational can offer a reddish colored the flag to the assessor if it is inconsistent or maybe changes involving regions.
Inconsistent spelling: If your exact same concept is spelled in different ways over the dissertation, this could end up being an sign how the copy writer will be duplication wording occasionally and then cobbling in concert a couple of special paragraphs here and there. Take into account that often it might come about the spot that the author is usually a very poor speller/slack editor and also won't don't forget (or care) which usually spelling is appropriate. Verify it http://checkmyessay.org/ right here.
British-English as opposed to American-English (and vice versa): Should the creator is usually burning operate from your word released inside a nation the location where the Language applied provides substitute spellings through your unique, this can be a new reddish the flag. One example is, spellings that work with "ou" as opposed to a great "o" such as "colours, " or perhaps spellings that will work with a "s" as an alternative to a new "z" like "recognised" ought to be caution (and vice versa where American-English is just not standard). In some cases, students may perhaps feel that by using a wording or e-book certainly not printed in the neighborhood, which the plagiarism probably will not be diagnosed. Needless to say, in case your scholar based upon the country in which Uk will be prepared diversely, you'll want to acquire this kind of into mind.
Be informed when ones pupil has got the spell-checker started up, punctuational most likely are not the particular reddish colored a flag you desire. It depends how very carefully the actual university student edits, as well as the much more last second the particular article, the unlikely these kinds of checking out will probably take place.
Compare the typical of words using the estimated amount of language of the pupil. Terminology applied could be a large giveaway pertaining to students unaccustomed to raised level terms, particularly in the course of school. A student with the eighth rank vocab employing words similar to "penchant, inch "beleaguer" or even "abase" need to be some sort of red-colored the flag.
Sentence fragmentation: If the penetration was going somewhere but then suddenly chops and alterations, more than once, this might be a new reddish hole which outer work have been placed.
Long complex essay sentences which seem to be beyond place: Experts routinely have a definite type (or "voice") in relation to writing– – creating from a person whom utilizes almost solely brief brief essay sentences however out of the blue modifications to provide in the couple of 4 collection complex-compound sentences must be some sort of reddish flag. Destinations connected with flawlessness in the otherwise badly published paper usually are signs for being careful!
Awkward changes in position associated with view: Changing involving things connected with watch in a manner that seems required or maybe unnatural might indicate plagiarizing.
Weak start out and finish, awesome middle: (Or, a few other form of poor and also powerful places. ) While this is often a indication of a university student fighting for you to design a great essay rationally, it is an indication involving plagiarism when a university student features reduce as well as stick coming from numerous unique options. Any plagiarizer might produce the particular launch, minimize and paste from several different places to build the center with the dissertation after which produce the final outcome. The slice and substance parts may understand diversely inside strengthen as well as model through the student's personal airways, as well as the sentences will certainly read in different ways by the other in the event obtained from a variety of places. This details will probably be distinct (a pupil on the go will not have got time for you to possibly be rubbing down the footnotes or even endnotes having any care) as well as the student's very own composing may come around as being a great deal weaker versus minimize and stick amounts.
Test your punctuation. Punctuation generally is a reddish banner, several persons go wrong or make it in place. In case a college student possesses generally acquired complaints about punctuation as well as instantly begins to use that correctly, it is a red-colored a flag. Exactly where you won't learn anyone in whose operate you might be examining, punctuation can certainly be assessed pertaining to disparities. As an example, just one section of the article may have appalling punctuation, though one more part may perhaps instantly have got best punctuation. Or maybe, a tremendous amount regarding commas and also semicolons start off showing up in a perhaps the dissertation any time absolutely no different complicated punctuation was offered in another place from the composition.
Check the particular anxious. Virtually any adjust within tighten of your article of which seems unnatural along with is not in line with your present student's obvious composing design needs to be a thing to take a look straight into. Passive stressed consumption that does not squeeze into all of those other part is often a specially beneficial warning, specially because so many school writers have a very penchant pertaining to employing unaggressive text out and about a new prefer to sound additional well-respected.
Look for pronoun inconsistencies. In the case of a great "ambiguous" third man or women, authors usually agree to using a generic men's "he", girl or boy natural "he/she" as well as plural "they" to spell out independently. Buttons among these types of means of indicating 3 rd man or women is often a crimson a flag. Then again, this can be relatively difficult grammatically (and socially), and also the article writer might simply possibly be mixed up or exhausted by looking to stick to it, and so will not overplay that one.
Read throughout the details. Develop the textbooks, posts, on-line solutions, for example., already been sufficiently reported? Or even is it evident that a number of sources are usually missing as well as are usually poorly mentioned? In some instances, students could possibly have arrive at citing one particular creator but possesses plagiarized components of do the job involving creators reported by from the merely article author the actual author irritated to see, intending anxiously that this assessor couldn't look further.
Where ideas, ideas or details are already expressed inside words associated with one more, gets the writer extra a new footnote as well as endnote to help backup the statements– – as well as has this kind of been omitted?
Are rates integrated but the citation left out? Now and again, this can be about slack croping and editing and maybe forgetfulness, during other situations, it might be the planned try and complete off of the act as the particular writer's personal.
Check age the actual info. In case they may be almost all coming from some ages previous, this will likely show a new ripped essay– – regardless if a subject addresses anything solely to do with yet another period, such as hair styles in the 1970's, there should be no less than one latest research from a much more up-to-date article writer incorporated. The well-rounded write-up can have the latest and old appointments, or even make a mistake additional privately involving the latest examination pertaining to topical ointment is important.
Does this quotation actually can be found? In some instances, individuals constitute the particular citations permanently, as well as claim that the phase essay in the e-book exists, while it doesn't. You probably have access to the guide involved and may look at. As well as, examine Yahoo Publications or search the web intended for document details. Figuring out when to accomplish this includes expertise and widespread sense– – in case you have a great inkling that the Diary connected with Computer mouse Obstetrics doesn't really exist, after that look it over.
Is the item upon Wikipedia? You may well be amazed how many people consider it truly is alright in order to estimate Wikipedia with no further consideration– – along with surely without quotation!
Consider styles. 1 incredibly obvious giveaway involving plagiarism is when several pupil hands and wrists in the dissertation of which reads the same or virtually identical in content material, such as placement of grammatical construction, headings used in addition to string put into practice. Over 2 or 3 individuals accomplishing this, and there exists most likely a pests in the identical dissertation doing the units. You'll need to go this place from the bud by questioning your school in its entirety, or next methods laid lower because of your college as well as college or university.
Start that has a uncomplicated google search. If you have some suspicions around the perform or maybe a component of this, minimize and insert a new piece on the suspect textual content as well as section in addition to paste this in to yahoo search container. Click on come back to see what returns. If the text have been copied often verbatim or maybe reasonably tightly, it can be highly most likely that this google search can come back several particular suits. Almost any on the net resource which is very same need to show up on the primary webpage associated with outcomes.
Use any "Plagiarism Checker" web page. There are several web sites available to pay attention to plagiarism. Several tend to be cost-free, some fee a compact fee– – you'll need to study their particular stipulations as well as recognize their particular limitations to exercise whether or not the web page is able to do a thing to meet your needs. Generally, get a web page where one can add or "copy and paste" the whole composition on top of the internet site, and then possess the internet site look for parallels between the essay or dissertation along with sources. It will eventually take way up any kind of plagiarism this picks up.
Your college or university may well currently have the software package in position that has the ability to complete plagiarism checking out, with the web or maybe other seek options.
Turnitin® can be one popular plagiarism checking plan.
Tell the college students regarding your expectations. It really is most well in order to jump around as soon as plagiarism is noticed nevertheless it must be handled properly to make that disappear completely intended for good– – at least with your type! You may make a difference to the price of plagiarism inside your class simply by enabling ones pupils learn in the start that you're aware about plagiarism practices, you realize about the essay mill internet sites knowning that you do search for plagiarism using software package, the internet plus your unique understanding.
Hold any class in relation to plagiarism early on as part of your school calendar year as well as session. Demonstrate college students exactly what a good dissertation work web page appears like and also the best way to place a essay or dissertation via such a internet site in the spark of your eye (for example, see a round-up regarding identified essay mills at http://checkmyessay.org/paper-editor/).
Show students stay clear of plagiarism. Never merely shock these off of, as for a number of college students, frighten strategies can frequently result in defiance or even a should get one above you– – alternatively, allow them to have the knowhow and path ways to creating along with looking into better and also savoring the item a whole lot more. Explore the happiness connected with self-discovered meaning together with your learners in addition to instruct these individuals it is great in order to accept just how other thinkers have got brought with their own contemplating, empowering all of us to develop on the a large number of a long time of great human being pondering.
Besides describing exactly what plagiarism is along with isn't really as well as how you can revise better, numerous students can certainly make use of learning about time supervision. This can enable each and every college student to higher juggle all of the contending demands of these lives, as well as sport, diverse subject matter, pastimes, partying, and also snooze. For those who have the chance, carry a new category by the due date supervision making sure that students discover ways to stay away from the eleventh hour rush to try and do a good essay or dissertation (which is a major reason behind plagiarism). Studying your approaches can certainly set them way up with a beneficial pattern for a lifetime and guide the crooks to sidestep frequent complications for instance perfectionism along with procrastination.
Sometimes words and phrases which have been generally complicated or even almost never applied come into fashion due to a new film or maybe music. If the student begins to excessive use the thing that was recently a complicated phrase, after that favorite traditions could be the actual supplier, as an alternative to plagiarism!
Keep replicates associated with well-written original works. A few of these will make their own method to the arms involving potential instruction and in case you have the initial duplicate, it won't take you lengthy to understand your replicating.
Sloppy editing expertise can certainly regularly be improved upon. In the event it is a component that you just think might be contributing to plagiarism (for example, poor citing, bad perception of the way to make use of quotes, and so forth. ), after that do something positive about this. Carry a new type that's targeted just on the touch-ups features for documents. Check this individuals towards the end to ensure that they have got comprehended the fundamentals very well. It can be useful to keep a on the internet published involving ways to defeat plagiarizing, obtainable 24/7 regarding referral.
Plagiarism is generally a warning which the copy writer is otherwise engaged connected with his / her degree. This can be an opportunity for teaching in lieu of berating or alienating your pupil. Each and every the particular scholar are most often striving along with what can be done regarding it? How come this college student adamantly believe that she / he is usually utilizing terms involving his / her own– – what's the space within knowing right here and also how can you bridge it? The younger or even a smaller amount seasoned the particular pupil, the extra likely it truly is in which information in comprehending happen to be have missed as well as a remedy is always to uncover ways to improve this kind of student's understanding of both equally exactly what plagiarism is and also where to find their very own words and phrases along with ideas through inside. Never produce steering clear of plagiarism noise more difficult than it has to be sometimes, or even anyone possibility forcing this college student directly into defensiveness.
Some pupils can bunnie in in relation to "information planning to end up being free" understanding that anything on the web perhaps there is to the having. This type of chat is unrestrained however obviously imprecise so that as the instructor, there is a position in enlightening your own learners. Aid those to know that quite a few, or maybe their particular friends, goes in to create a dwelling by terms (be the item tunes, works of fiction, movies, whatever), and that they won't be therefore enthusiastic to claim that their own work has to be cost-free and then.
Some educators advocate swift common tests to discover plagiarizing pupils. The issue using this type of procedure is actually which it can terrify this jeans off of a introverted or even bashful one who features in fact performed first operate however goes blank through fear of talking upward in public places as well as from having to style ideas rapidly. Think hard just before if it turns out anything at all as a result of quick dental testing– – the intense tactic frequently reaps what it sows.
It will be more difficult to spot anyone which makes sense anyone to write an original essay or dissertation as well as complete the exam for the kids. This is plain cheating, if recognized, would generally cause expulsion through the educational association. Even though it might be shocking when you consider we now have folks achieving this out there, they may manage to get thier comeuppance– – it truly is quite complicated to keep some sort of high-powered task after you never have some sort of idea exactly what you are carrying out or perhaps referring to. Check to see no matter if your current institution offers assessments set up to make sure that the correct individual turns up for you to sit down qualifications as well as make use of your objectives with the scholar as well as category stage to guide your personal intuition in regards to the function you happen to be studying.
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text:
Sun | Nation & World
— Jul 18th, 2005
Governors Eyeing Federal Challenge to Medicare
Governors came together Sunday on sweeping Medicaid changes that could help President Bush's budget goals, even as more than a dozen of the chief executives are weighing a legal fight over new Medicare policy that will cost states hundreds of millions of dollars.
The focus at the governors' summer meeting on the two huge, government-paid health care programs — Medicare for the elderly, Medicaid for the poor — underscored their widespread view that health care is their most urgent issue, for constituents and for states' financial future.
Governors on Sunday also stepped up their campaign to improve high school education, agreeing to standardize the way they track graduation rates.
But worries about Medicare, and the consensus on Medicaid after six months of negotiations among governors, dominated private discussions, most governors said.
Study: Ethanol Not Worth the Energy
ALBANY, N.Y.
Farmers, businesses and state officials are investing millions of dollars in ethanol and biofuel plants as renewable energy sources, but a new study says the alternative fuels burn more energy than they produce.
Supporters of ethanol and other biofuels contend they burn cleaner than fossil fuels, reduce U.S. dependence on oil and give farmers another market to sell their produce.
But researchers at Cornell University and the University of California-Berkeley say it takes 29 percent more fossil energy to turn corn into ethanol than the amount of fuel the process produces. For switch grass it takes 45 percent more energy and for wood, 57 percent. It takes 27 percent more energy to turn soybeans into biodiesel fuel and more than double the energy produced is needed to do the same to sunflower plants, the study found.
The study concluded that the country would be better off investing in solar, wind and hydrogen energy.
Whirlpool Offers to Buy Maytag
BENTON HARBOR, Mich.
Whirlpool Corp. announced Sunday an offer to acquire fellow appliance maker Maytag Corp. for $1.37 billion in cash and stock, topping an earlier offer that Maytag accepted from an investment group.
Whirlpool said its offer of $17 per share for Newton, Iowa-based Maytag represents a 21 percent premium over the offer from Triton Acquisition Holding Co. Whirlpool would also assume Maytag's debt of $969 million.
Jeff M. Fettig, Whirlpool's chairman, president and chief executive, said merging the two companies "fits Whirlpool's strategy and capabilities, will create strong value for our shareholders and provide direct benefits to consumers and trade customers."
Whirlpool planned a conference call this morning to discuss the proposal.
Kitsap Sun news services
Feb 2nd, 2005
• PRESCRIPTIONS Medicare to cover Viagra, similar sex performance drugs WASHINGTON — Sexual performance drugs such as Viagra will be covered in Medicare's new prescription drug program, a lifestyle rather than lifesaving benefit that conservatives and watchdog groups say the government shouldn't provide. Like those ... [Read More...]
States Ordered to Stop Giving Viagra to Sex Offenders
WASHINGTON Lawmakers moved Tuesday to eliminate federal payments for Viagra and other drugs that treat impotence, as a federal agency warned states that they could face sanctions if they don't end Medicaid coverage for such drugs for convicted sex offenders. The Centers for ... [Read More...]
Protests greet governors conference
SEATTLE (AP) States can take the initiative in transforming the elderly experience by reshaping health care, social services and tax codes to help the rapidly growing population of those 65 and older, governors agreed Sunday at the summer meeting of the National Governors Association. ... [Read More...]
Social Security gets boost, with catch
WASHINGTON — More than 47 million Americans will get a 2.7 percent increase in their Social Security checks starting in January, meaning an additional $25 per month for the typical retiree. But almost half of that gain will be gobbled up by a record increase in Medicare ... [Read More...]
No Shield for MTBE Producers in Energy Bill
WASHINGTON Congressional negotiators said Sunday they had resolved a dispute over a controversial gasoline additive that had threatened passage of the first overhaul of national energy policy in more than a decade. They said they did not expect the energy bill to include ... [Read More...]


text:
Salvia madrensis (Forsythia sage) is a yellow-flowered Salvia native to the Sierra Madre Oriental mountain range in Mexico, growing at 4,000–5,000 elevation in warm, wet areas. The specific epithet "madrensis" refers to the high mountains where it grows.

Salvia madrensis spends the first part of the growing season putting out 4–7 foot stems that are thick (2 inches) and square, with ridges on each corner emphasizing the squareness. The rough, heart-shaped spinach-green leaves are widely spaced on the stem, graduating in size from large at the bottom to smaller at the top, giving a lush covering to the plant. Numerous 12 inch inflorescences are covered with softly colored butter-yellow flowers held in whorls. The calyces are aromatic and covered with sticky glands. Blooming begins in late autumn, lasting until frost.

Notes

madrensis
Flora of Mexico
Flora of the Sierra Madre Oriental

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


At Florida National University (FNU), our goal as educators is to support all students academically and socially as well as to ensure that their academic goals are met. To that end, we have instituted numerous projects and programs to reach out to the community.
As indicated by our mission statement, "The purpose of Florida National University is to contribute to the education of a population of diverse, presently predominantly Hispanic, cultures. The University realizes this mission through the employment and development of a faculty of scholars who are proficient in the art of teaching. The University strives to prepare the students for employment in their chosen career or advanced studies through the acquisition of the required skills and knowledge needed for the successful completion of the program of studies.
As part of its demonstrated commitment to community engagement and advancement, FNU is actively taking part in the 21st Century Community Learning Centers (CCLC). These centers are a project of the United States Department of Education and fall under the purview of the Academic Improvement and Teacher Quality Programs. The 21st Century Community Learning Center project aims for the nationwide creation of community learning centers that provide academic enrichment opportunities during non-school hours for children, particularly students who attend high-poverty and low-performing schools or community-based programs such as YMCAs and YWCAs. The program helps students meet state and local student standards in core academic subjects, such as reading and math; offers students a broad array of enrichment activities that can complement their regular academic programs; and offers literacy and other educational services to the families of participating children.
We at Florida National University (FNU) are proud to be a part of this distinguished national program, which builds community bonds as it enables young people to reach their potential at primary, secondary, and university levels and beyond. We believe that programs like these are instrumental to building the communities of the future, in which all young people can benefit from the educational opportunities that are available and achieve their greatest potential as individuals, scholars, professionals, and members of the community.
1. What are 21st Century Community Learning Centers?
The 21st Century Community Learning Centers provide educational afterschool services for students attending high-poverty, low-performing K-12 schools or community-based programs such as YMCAs. The focus of the program is for students to meet or exceed local and state standards in subjects including reading and math through expanded tutorial services and academic enrichment opportunities.
2. Where are the 21st Century Community Learning Centers affiliated with Florida National University?
FNU conducts two 21st Century Community Learning Centers, both in Hialeah, Florida. One is located at Hialeah Senior High School and the other is at Westland Hialeah Senior High School.
3. What are the Benefits and Who are the Beneficiaries?
The 21st Century Community Learning Centers program is aimed at increasing civic engagement and community service through the provision of academic and social assistance to at-risk students who attend high-poverty and low-performing schools. Concretely speaking, such programs help students meet state and local student standards in core academic subjects such as reading and math, offer students a broad array of enrichment activities that can complement their regular academic programs, and offers literacy and other educational services to the families of participating children. On the whole, such programs aim towards a future in which no children fall through the cracks of traditional education. This holistic approach toward educating and socializing young people creates a society that allows children to reach their full potential and become full-fledged participatory adults who positively contribute to their communities and to society at large.
4. Who Can Attend 21st Century Community Learning Centers?
The 21st Century Community Learning Centers cater to young people from kindergarten through twelfth grade. The initiative is a key component of the "No Child Left Behind" Act signed in 2001 by President George W. Bush. The centers represent an opportunity for children to enhance and reinforce academic lessons of the regular school day, while also allowing them to learn new skills and discover new opportunities after the regular school day has ended.
5. How Does a Student Apply for Participation? What are the Criteria for Joining?
In general, youth who attend typically low-performing, at-risk, or high-poverty schools are eligible. The Students and Parents Handbook and the Application Package are available at https://www.fnu.edu/21-cclc/. For more specific requirements and participation information, simply contact a program coordinator (see link provided or further below for contact information).
6. How Can the 21st Century Community Learning Centers Help Young People?
The various learning centers provide opportunities for academic enrichment, including providing tutorial services to help students, particularly students who attend low-performing schools, to meet state and local student academic achievement standards in core academic subjects, such as reading and mathematics. The various projects offer students a broad array of additional services, programs, and activities, which can include youth development activities; drug and violence prevention programs; counseling programs; art, music, and recreation programs; technology education programs; and character education programs. Some projects further offer families of students served by community learning centers opportunities for literacy and related educational development.
All Community Learning Center programs are designed to reinforce and complement the regular academic program of participating students.
7. When is the Program Available?
The FNU-affiliated Community Learning Centers are available from Monday through Thursday, from 2:45 to 5:45 pm. The program also runs during the summer session, from June 10 until June 28, from 9:00 am to 1:00 pm.
Program Director Mr. Henry Fernandez can be reached at hfernandez@fnu.edu. In addition, each site has its own Program Coordinator, who will be happy to answer any questions you may have. For Hialeah High, contact Program Coordinator Mrs. Heydi Fernandez-Ruiz at fernandezh@fnu.edu. For Westland Hialeah, contact Program Coordinator Mrs. Irledia Martinez at irismartinez@dadeschools.net.


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text:
Charles Nathan Frink (July 20, 1860 - ?) was an American travelling salesman and insurance executive from Milwaukee, Wisconsin who served one term as a Populist member of the Wisconsin State Assembly from Milwaukee. He was the only Populist to serve in the Wisconsin State Legislature.

Background
Frink was born July 20, 1860 in Rochester, New York, and was educated in South Bend, Indiana, and at Valparaiso Normal School, now Valparaiso University. He worked as a traveling salesman from 1880 to 1887, and came to Wisconsin in 1888,
living first in Janesville from 1888 to 1891, then moving to Milwaukee; there he went into the insurance business, and became president and general manager of the American Casualty Association, a mutual insurance group incorporated in 1895 and headquartered in that city.

Assembly
He was elected to the Assembly's Fifth Milwaukee County district (the 5th and 12th Wards of the City of Milwaukee) in 1896 as a Populist (but was also the Democratic nominee), receiving 2,621 votes, to 2,447 for Republican T. L. Mitchell and 39 for Socialist Labor candidate Carl Kowalsky (Republican incumbent Albert Woller was not a candidate). He declared his party affiliation as "Populist", the only Wisconsin officeholder elected as a fusion candidate in 1896 to do so (the others all declared themselves to be Democrats, in the wake of the unsuccessful 1896 experiment with Democratic/Populist fusion). He was assigned to the standing committees on finance, banks and insurance; and on public health and sanitation. In this district, the Populists had outpolled the Democrats in the 1894 election.

He was not a candidate for re-election in 1898, and was succeeded by Democrat Albert Woyciechowski. (The Populists ran their own candidate.)

References

1860 births
American businesspeople in insurance
Members of the Wisconsin State Assembly
Businesspeople from Wisconsin
Businesspeople from Rochester, New York
Valparaiso University alumni
Wisconsin Populists
American salespeople
Year of death missing


Formalize the requirements-based testing method that ENCS has developed.
Since its founding, ENCS has supported its members to procure secure equipment. ENCS has developed security requirements for different domains, and a requirements-based testing method. Combined, these have helped members to get more secure equipment in tenders. By setting a clear and achievable standard for manufacturers, they have helped to raise the overall security level in the market.
With the member community growing, ENCS plans to scale up this approach. By harmonizing requirements, and formalizing testing, ENCS can test components once for the vendor. The test results will be usable for all members.
ENCS invites grid operators and others who are interested in the project to contact info@encs.eu for further details.


text:
Wind Myths: Busted By Tom Gray
Power & Energy is the magazine of the Power Engineering Society (PES) of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and in recent years, it has devoted one issue every two years to assembling many of the foremost experts in the field to examine the status of wind energy technology and its use by electric utilities.
The magazine's editors have been kind enough to provide free access to two articles from the special issue here. Most significantly, one of the two is "Wind Power Myths Debunked," by Michael Milligan, Kevin Porter, Edgar DeMeo, Paul Denholm, Hannele Holttinen, Brendan Kirby, Nicholas Miller, Andrew Mills, Mark O'Malley, Matthew Schuerger, and Lennart Soder.
The Milligan et al article looks at a variety of mythic questions (e.g., "Doesn't wind power need backup generation?") and addresses them in detail with appropriate graphics. I'm not going to go through them here, but I do want to call attention to the article's conclusions, which I am going to list here in a modified, bulleted format for clarity:
– "Although wind is a variable resource, grid [utility system] operators have experience with managing variability that comes from handling the variability of load [customer electricity demand]. As a result, in many instances the power system is equipped to handle variability.
– "Wind power is not expensive to integrate …
– "…nor does it require dedicated backup generation or storage.
– "Developments in tools such as wind forecasting alo aid in integrating wind power.
– "Integration wind can be aided by enlarging balancing areas and moving to subhourly scheduling, which enable grid operators to access a deeper stack of generating resources and take advantage of the smoothing of wind output due to geographic diversity.
– "Continued improvements in new conventional-generation technologies and the emergence of demand response, smart grids, and new technologies such as plug-in hybrids will also help with wind integration."
"Wind Power Myths Debunked," by Michael Milligan, Kevin Porter, Edgar DeMeo, Paul Denholm, Hannele Holttinen, Brendan Kirby, Nicholas Miller, Andrew Mills, Mark O'Malley, Matthew Schuerger, and Lennart Soder
The natural variability of wind power makes it different from other generating technologies, which can give rise to questions about how wind power can be integrated into the grid successfully. This article aims to answer several important questions that can be raised with regard to wind power. Although wind is a variable resource, grid operators have experience with managing variability that comes from handling the variability of load. As a result, in many instances the power system is equipped to handle variability. Wind power is not expensive to integrate, nor does it require dedicated backup generation or storage.
Developments in tools such as wind forecasting also aid in integrating wind power. Integrating wind can be aided by enlarging balancing areas and moving to subhourly scheduling, which enable grid operators to access a deeper stack of generating resources and take advantage of the smoothing of wind output due to geographic diversity. Continued improvements in new conventional-generation technologies and the emergence of demand response, smart grids, and new technologies such as plug-in hybrids and electric vehicles will also help with wind integration.
THE RAPID GROWTH OF WIND POWER IN THE UNITED STATES AND worldwide has resulted in increasing media attention to—and public awareness of—wind generation technology. Several misunderstandings and myths have arisen due to the characteristics of wind generation, particularly because wind-energy generation only occurs when the wind is blowing. Wind power is therefore not dispatchable like conventional energy sources and delivers a variable level of power depending on the wind speed. Wind is primarily an energy resource and not a capacity resource. Its primary value is to offset fuel consumption and the resulting emissions, including carbon. Only a relatively small fraction of wind energy is typically delivered during peak and high-risk time periods; therefore, wind generators have limited capacity value.
This leads to concerns about the impacts of wind power on maintaining reliability and the balance between load and generation.
Can Grid Operators Deal with the Continually Changing Output of Wind Generation?
The power system—even before the development of windenergy technologies—was designed to handle significant variability in loads. Demand varies over timescales that range from seconds to years. System operational procedures are designed around this variability and, based on analysis and operational experience, much is known about how loads vary. Very short-term changes in load (seconds to minutes) are small relative to the system peak and consist primarily of many uncorrelated events that change demand in different directions. Over longer periods (several hours), changes in demand tend to be more correlated, such as during the morning load pickup or evening load falloff.
The output of a wind power plant, or multiple wind power plants, is variable over time. Because the variability of wind is added to this already variable system, there will be some incremental variability that must be managed by the system operator. Each megawatt generated by wind reduces the required generation of other units; therefore, the remaining nonwind generation units need only supply the load that is not supplied by wind.
This remaining load is often called the net load (load net of wind power). Therefore the nonwind portion of the power system is operated to the net load, which is the difference between load and wind. The difference between these traces is the wind generation. At high penetration rates, it can be difficult to manage this incremental variability if existing generators do not have the required ramping capability. Generally, the (relative) variability of wind decreases as the generation of more wind power plants is combined.
Does Wind Have Capacity Credit?
The determination of whether there is sufficient installed capacity to meet loads allows for the possibility that some generation will not be able to provide capacity when needed at some future date. Generally, although the exact amount and procedures differ, system planners require a 12–15% margin of extra capacity as compared to peak load. This is known as the planning reserve margin.
The term "planning reserve" refers to the installed capacity of the generation fl eet and is separate and distinct from various types of operating reserves that are based on system conditions during operations. A more rigorous approach to evaluating planning reserves is to model hourly loads, generation capacity, and the forced outage rates of generators to determine the loss of load probability (LOLP) (i.e., the probability that generation will be inadequate to serve load). The LOLP can be used to determine the loss of load expectation (LOLE) that defi nes how many hours per year, days per year, or days in ten years that load might not be served. A typical LOLE target is one day in ten years.
Wind can contribute to planning reserves based on its influence on system LOLE—the same way that conventional units contribute to planning reserves. In most cases, wind makes a modest contribution to planning reserves, as indicated by capacity credit in the United States that ranges from approximately 5% to 40% of wind rated capacity. The wide range of capacity credit percentages assigned to wind reflects the differences in the timing of wind-energy delivery (when the wind blows) relative to system loads and periods of system risk. Once the capacity credit that may be assigned to a wind plant has been determined, it is the job of the system planner to determine the amount of additional capacity necessary to meet the system reliability criterion, regardless of the method used to procure the capacity.
How Often Does the Wind Stop Blowing Everywhere at the Same Time?
Individual wind turbine production is highly variable and grid operators are concerned that 100,000 MW of wind could present a severe reliability challenge. As explained above, wind benefi ts inherently from aggregation; therefore 100,000 MW of wind power does not behave like a single wind turbine. Aggregating wind over larger geographic areas decreases the number of hours of zero output. One wind power plant can have zero output for more than 1,000 hours during a year, whereas the output of aggregated wind power in a very large area always—or nearly always—is greater than zero. The variability also decreases as the timescale decreases. The second and minute variability of large-scale wind power generally is small; over several hours, however, there can be great variability, even for distributed wind power.
What about more significant weather events that can increase wind speed and require wind turbines to shut down for safety reasons and to protect the wind project? These events are not frequent. In some areas they do not occur every year, and in other areas they happen one to two times per year. Large storm fronts take four to six hours to pass over several hundred kilometers so, again, aggregating wind over a geographically wide area helps overcome this challenge.
For a single wind turbine, generation can decrease from full power to zero very rapidly. The aggregation of wind capacity, however, turns the sudden interruption of power into a multihour downward ramp. Texas experienced this type of wind event in February 2007.
Isn't It Very Difficult to Predict Wind Power?
Wind-energy forecasting can be used to predict wind energy output in advance through a variety of methods based on numerical weather prediction models and statistical approaches. Wind forecasting is a recently developed tool as compared with load forecasting, and the level of accuracy is not as great for wind forecasting as for load forecasting. The experience to date suggests that the overall shape of wind production can be predicted most of the time, but signifi cant errors can occur in both the level and timing of wind production. Therefore, system operators will be interested in both the uncertainty around a particular forecast and the overall accuracy of the forecasts in general. Wind forecasts for shorter time horizons tend to be more accurate than forecasts over longer time horizons. For a single wind power plant, forecasts that are one to two hours ahead can achieve an accuracy level of approximately 5–7% mean absolute error (MAE) relative to installed wind capacity; this increases to 20% for dayahead forecasts.
Isn't It Very Expensive to Integrate Wind?
The wind-integration cost is the additional cost of the design and operation of the nonwind part of the power system when wind power is added to the generation mix. Generally, at wind penetrations of up to 20% by energy, the incremental balancing costs caused by wind are 10% or less of the wholesale value of the wind power. The actual impact of adding wind generation in different balancing areas (or control areas) can vary depending on several factors, such as the size of the balancing area, the resource mix, and the extent to which the wind generation is spread out geographically.
The variability of wind power does not correlate with the variability of load. This means that the existing variability of the system can absorb some wind power variability. It also means that adding this new component of variability to a power system will not result in just adding up the total and extreme variability of both, because the extreme variations are not likely to coincide. Overall variability is determined by the square root of the sum of the squares of the individual variables (rather than the arithmetic sum). This means that reserves needed to balance variations in load net of wind are less than the sum of reserves needed to balance variations in the load alone or the wind alone.
The operational integration costs for wind will be less for larger balancing areas as compared with smaller balancing areas. Similarly, if the wind generation is spread over large areas, the per-unit variability decreases and the predictability of wind generation increases, leading to reduced wind-integration costs. Additional operating reserves may be needed, but that does not necessarily require new generating plants. The experience of countries and regions that already have quite a high wind penetration (from 5% to 20% of gross electric energy demand) has been that the existing reserves are deployed more often after wind power is added to the system, but no additional reserve capacity is required.
Doesn't Wind Power Need New Transmission, and Won't That Make Wind Expensive?
Historically in the United States, incorporating new generation sources has involved new transmission development. Federal hydropower facilities of the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s included transmission facilities owned by the federal government. The development of large nuclear and coal plants in the 1960s and 1970s required interstate transmission facilities to deliver that energy. Similarly, transmission was constructed to access hydroelectric resources in Finland, Sweden, and Italy. Developing wind resources in the United States and internationally is also likely to involve developing new transmission. Transmission is required for meeting growth in electricity demand, to maintain electric reliability, and to access other generating resources besides wind generation needed to meet growing demand.
Several studies have found that, although the costs of building transmission to access wind resources are significant, consumers benefi t from reduced energy-production costs as a result of wind generation displacing other energy resources. The Joint Coordinated System Plan (JCSP), a conceptual transmission and generation plan for the Eastern Interconnection in the United States, indicates that a 20% wind scenario by 2024 would result in a benefit-to-cost ratio of 1.7 to 1. Additionally, transmission expenditures as a percentage of the overall costs of electricity to consumers are dwarfed by the costs of electricity production (e.g., fuel, operation, and maintenance) and the capital costs needed to develop the generation. For the JCSP study, incremental transmission costs comprise 2% of the projected total wholesale energy costs for 2024.
Doesn't Wind Power Need Backup Generation? Isn't More Fossil Fuel Burned with Wind Than Without, Due to Backup Requirements?
In a power system, it is necessary to maintain a continuous balance between production and consumption. System operators deploy controllable generation to follow the change in total demand, not the variation from a single generator or customer load. When wind is added to the system, the variability in the net load becomes the operating target for the system operator. It is not necessary and, indeed, it would be quite costly for grid operators to follow the variation in generation from a single generating plant or customer load.
"Backup" generating plants dedicated to wind plants—or to any other generation plant or load for that matter—are not required, and would actually be a poor and unnecessarily costly use of power-generation resources.
Regarding whether the addition of wind generation results in more combustion of fossil fuels, a wind-generated kilowatt hour displaces a kilowatt hour that would have been generated by another source—usually one that burns a fossil fuel. The wind-generated kilowatthour therefore avoids the fuel consumption and emissions associated with that fossil-fuel kilowatthour. The incremental reserves (spinning or nonspinning) required by wind's variability and uncertainty, however, themselves consume fuel and release emissions, so the net savings are somewhat reduced. But what quantity of reserves is required? Numerous studies conducted to date—many of which have been summarized in previous wind-specifi c special issues of IEEE
For Further Reading: www.ieee-pes.org/images/pdf/open-access-milligan.pdf
www.ieee-pes.org/publications/ieee-power-energy-magazine
www.awea.org/blog/
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Bengal Emta Coal Mines Ltd - Company Reports and Balance .Dec 21, 2017 . Get company details of Bengal Emta Coal Mines Ltd including balance sheet, annual . Website. Website not known. Click here to let us know.bengal emta coal mines limited website,EMTA COAL LTD - Home | FacebookEMTA COAL MINES LTD is a coal mining company owned by Mr.Ujjal Upadhyay. . A company like Emta having 5 companies under it should have a website to.
EMTA COAL LTD - About | FacebookEMTA COAL MINES LTD is a coal mining company owned by Mr.Ujjal Upadhyay. It is a group of 5 comapnies: 1.Panem Coal Mines Ltd. 2.Bengal Emta.. 3.bengal emta coal mines limited website,CAG, CBI scrutinize EMTA's mining deals - LivemintMar 25, 2015 . This comes in the backdrop of the recently passed The Coal Mines . with the state power utilities of West Bengal, Jharkhand and Damodar Valley . by Panem Coal Mines Ltd, a JV between Punjab State Power Corp. . on its website describes itself as the pioneer of captive coal mining in the power sector.
The multi business conglomerate EMTA Group of companies emerge as the pioneer of captive coal mining business in the power sector and is taking major.
Apr 3, 2018 . Bengal Emta Coal Mines Limited is into the business of captive coal mining in India for the power sector owes its inspiration to the first of its kind.
EMTA COAL MINES LTD is a coal mining company owned by Mr.Ujjal Upadhyay. . A company like Emta having 5 companies under it should have a website to.
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Feb 16, 2018 . along with agenda on the website of this Ministry. . Shri N.C. Mukherjee, E.D., Bengal EMTA Coal Mines Ltd., 6 Poorvi Marg, rt Floor, Vasant.
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Jobs in EMTA Coal Limited, Vacancies in EMTA Coal Limited, Opportunities at EMTA Coal Limited, Jobs at EMTA Coal Limited, Openings at EMTA Coal Limited.
[LOGO] Ministry of Environment & Forests (MOEF) No.J-11015/236 .
M/s Bengal Emta Coal Mines Ltd., . It is noted that the project is for opening a new coal mine – Pachwara (North) Opencast Coal mine Project of .. of implementation shall be uploaded on the company's website at least once every six months.
Bengal EMTA Coal Mines Ltd. Bharat Aluminium . 550 MTPA. NUMBER OF COAL MINES GRANTED FOREST CLEARANCE IN INDIA (2007-AUGUST 2011):.
Pachhwara Coal Mines: A Tale of Disguised Privatisation,Corporate .
Jun 7, 2015 . Starting in 2006-07, PANEM Coal Mines Ltd. mined and supplied up to eight . of the substitution of the EMTA partnership firm with EMTA Coal Ltd. . and women -- migrate to West Bengal to work as agricultural labourers,.
COAL MINES ASSOCIATED TRADERS PVT LTD . Integrated Coal Mining Ltd (ICML) 01 6 Bengal EMTA Coal Mining Pvt Ltd , and . JMS Simplex Website.
Jan 20, 2015 . American, Bengal Energy, Delta Mining consolidated . infomimninggeology-sgc,Website. . Emta Coal Mines Limited h) M/s Fatehpur.
Company, Eastern Coalfields Limited. Website, .easterncoal/. Year of acquisition, 1975. Raniganj Coalfield is primarily located in the Asansol and Durgapur subdivisions of Paschim Bardhaman district in the Indian state of West Bengal. . All non-coking coal mines were nationalized in 1973 and placed under Coal.
Avinash Transport - Trader & Service Provider from Maithon, India .
The different works carried on are Coal Transport, Excavation & Loading of Coal . Subsidiaries of Coal India Ltd., Bengal EMTA Coal Mines Ltd. Asansol (W.B.).
PANEM Coal Mines Limited for the purpose of mining coal in the Pachwara Central Block . Bengal EMTA Coal Mines began mining at Bisunpur village in 2014.
A year after e-auction, coal mining stays in slow lane | Business .
Mar 30, 2016 . Twelve coal mines in Punjab, Karnataka and West Bengal are facing legal heat from a mining contractor, EMTA, which has contested the.
Jul 5, 2016 . of the Rules (Rule 8(2) Order) for allotment of 16 coal mines pursuant to Section 5 (1) of the. Act. Apr'16 . Gourangdih ABC West Bengal 1. Himachal EMTA Power Ltd. 2. JSW Steel Ltd. 5 . MSTC Website. 1700 hours on July.
Trial of Naveen Jindal, Dasari Narayana Rao only proves CBI isn't .
May 5, 2016 . For example, in the allocation of the Gare Palma IV/6 coal block, the . (EMTA) Coal Mines Ltd's joint ventures in Bengal without any tender,.