text:
Cosmo and the Cosmonaut – Goodbye Lockdown
Goodbye Lockdown by Cosmo and the Cosmonaut
Goodbye Lockdown is the new single from Berlin-based father and son band, Cosmo and the Cosmonaut, and is dedicated to anyone who has been under lockdown in the last year and a half.
"Cosmo has been homeschooling for most of the last year and as part of his music lessons we recorded an album," says the Cosmonaut aka New Zealand-born Monkey Records label boss Nigel Braddock, who was also spending a lot more time at home than usual.
Ten year old Cosmo raps about how the initial novelty of homeschooling quickly wore off and how he just misses his friends, "Now I realise school isn't so bad, when I see my friends again I will be so glad." He also takes a swipe at conspiracy theorists, "Some people don't believe the virus is real, they've watched too much YouTube maybe that's their deal." Ultimately the message is one of unity and hope, "We need to come together, to stand as one. When this thing's all over we're going to have some fun."
Cosmo and the Cosmonaut invited friends from around the world to take part and the chorus features contributions from Germany, UK, New Zealand, USA, Australia, Portugal, Japan, Greece, Poland, Cambodia and Vanuatu. The accompanying eye-catching music video features each contributor as part of a colourful Zoom choir.
Goodbye Lockdown is the first single to be released from Cosmo and the Cosmonaut's second album due later in the year. Their first album, Ultra Mega was released in May 2019.
It's 2021, we've been in lockdown
The streets are deserted, it's like a ghost town
It came out of nowhere, the coronavirus
It's affecting our lives in ways not desirous
Everything was closed; shops, libraries and school
We were learning online, at first it seemed cool
Now I realise school isn't so bad
When I see my friends again, I will be so glad
Now we're going to come out of lockdown
We've been going crazy stuck at home
We miss you all, family and dear friends
Sometimes the days just seem without end
We have to wear masks on public transport
There're no more planes flying from the airport
We have to wash our hands all of the time
If you don't do it, it's like a crime
Some people don't believe the virus is real
They watch too much YouTube, maybe that's their deal
We need to come together to stand as one
When this thing's all over we're going to have some fun
Goodbye lockdown, your time is over
Goodbye lockdown, good bye, good bye


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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous vesicles originating from different cells in the liver. The pathophysiological role of EVs is increasingly recognized in liver diseases, including alcoholic liver disease, NAFLD, viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. EVs, via their cargo, can provide communication between different cell types in the liver and between organs. EVs are explored as biomarkers of disease and could also represent therapeutic targets and vehicles for treatment delivery. Here, we review advances in understanding the role of EVs in liver diseases and discuss their utility in biomarker discovery and therapeutics.
Szabo, Gyongyi and Momen-Heravi, Fatemeh, "Extracellular vesicles in liver disease and potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets" (2017). UMass Metabolic Network Publications. 101.


text:
The Weird Fiction of William Hope Hodgson
Night Land Stories
The Days of Darkening
The Last Redoubt
Alternate Futures
Poetry and Vignettes
Chronological List of Stories
Others' Night Lands
Sound and Multimedia
Andy Robertson's Night Land Essays
The Science of the Night: Kate Coady's Essays
Nigel Brown's Night Land Essays
Future Histories
Future History: The Night Land
Night Land Setting
Authors and Artists
A Mouse in the Walls of the Lesser Redoubt (Part 8)
Nigel Atkinson
To A Mouse in the Walls of the Lesser Redoubt (Part 7)
Denholm hesitated at the threshold of the Shine. The boundary was strewn with bloated corpses and the stink from them was hideous, but that was not why he wavered. Nor did the certainty of death hold him back.
He was afraid of being judged. By every normal criterion his life had been a failure; as Master Monstruwacan he held the greatest responsibility — to keep his people safe until he died and the burden passed to his successor. His attempt to shake his people out of their million-years-long lethargy had failed — or had succeeded disastrously, he couldn't decide which. The pain of his survival was like an iron band around his heart. He had failed as a father too — his belief that he could raise a child while carrying the office of Lord of the Redoubt revealed as unbelievable arrogance.
He had failed humanity in the round and the singular. Now he was afraid that the Fixed Giants would judge him a failure too. Steeling himself, he prepared to step into the Place of Gas. He would die, but maybe in his last moments answers would be revealed to him.
Before he could step forward he was engulfed in a blizzard of bees. They battered his body, forcing him to his knees, and then fell back to form a writhing wall. A solitary bee flew close to his face and he realised that it wasn't an insect at all, but a tiny nugget of metal held in the air by spinning, iridescent wings. He looked closely as the machine tore itself apart and the fragments burst into dust and mist. Like a visual fugue, the dissolution spread through the entire swarm leaving Denholm surrounded by a slowly twisting tornado of microscopic entities. He felt something beat on his mind, then slide away before it could be grasped.
"I can't hear you," he shouted. "I can't hear the Master-Word."
The maelstrom paused then flowed away from him. It fell like mist on the ground then rose to form a tapered column of smoke that coalesced into the form of a slim youth. Denholm had never met Bergthora Baumgard's son, but he recognised him. Caliban was changed, however, and, as Denholm turned his head, splinters of blue light from the Shine fell through the boy's body. When he spoke it was as though Denholm's mind was suddenly encased in ice and shards of glass were being dashed against it.
Y o u h a v e l o s t t h e m a s t e r w o r d
"Please, your voice is strange — it grates."
The boy-thing considered his options for a moment and, when he spoke again it was not the Master-Word, or the Night Hearing. Denholm had no idea how the Jackotrade avatar was communicating with him. This was something new.
You must not enter the Death Lands. Your work is not done.
"I have to know."
There is nothing to know. You have never been in the Shine, either in mind or body. You have never had discourse with the Fixed Giants. You are too small for them to notice.
The boy's skin turned into a quicksilver mirror that reflected Denholm's life from the perspective of the multi-billion-generation history of the Jackotrade tribes. They told his life story backwards, starting with the destruction of the Redoubt, an event made all the more cataclysmic by their hidden machinations — hundreds of billions of the machines giving up their tiny lives fuel the explosion with surface-bonded hydrogen and oxygen.
Shaking with barely contained anger, Denholm raged. "I only wanted to shake them out of their complacency. I couldn't understand why the explosion was so large. Why did you make it so bad? Why kill so many? Why destroy the Redoubt?"
The boy-thing ignored him, then revealed Naani's successful attempt with the Master-Word machine, and how the legions of Jackotrades gave her the strength to contact her Bright Warrior from the Great Redoubt.
Denholm felt crushed, and overwhelmed with guilt. "I didn't know. I thought she failed — is she alive?"
Your child is abroad in the Night Land. Soon you must leave this place and go to her. There is a force we cannot influence that will hunt her. You must save her.
"Where is she?" Denholm shouted.
Your life has been a lie.
The words were like a slap, and Denholm flinched because he knew what they were going to say next.
The Kernel was a lie.
They showed how they manipulated his mind, just as they had done with the thirty-seven thousand six hundred and fifteen Masters before him. Memory blocks fell and he remembered hammering on the Kernel's walls, desperate to escape as it filled with seething legions of Jackotrades. Tides of them washed through his skin and flowed into every space in his body, gifting him profound peace and clarity. He was like a blank white canvas, on which they painted their abstractions of reality. Their revelations rung with truth — in his heart he always doubted he had the strength to stand with the Fixed Giants — what human did?
They were merciless, showing how they had manipulated him, and his people, at every turn, and how they were the true agents of change in his little Kingdom. Humanity was, as he had long suspected, a tiny mote caught in the swirling morass of life forces that covered the Earth. It was an epic vision: ants and bees, humans and the beasts of the Night, moss growing on frost-blackened rocks, the things in the Shine, Jackotrades and all the other myriad tribes of this troubled world — each individual a mote of life sharing a minuscule portion of the World Soul.
Gripped by an urgent need to take stock, Denholm stood up and carefully brushed the dirt from his gown. In his heart, he suspected there were lies here.
"Who am I talking to?" Suddenly animated, Denholm paced up-and-down in front of the boy-thing, waving his arms extravagantly and speaking in volleys of words. "The son of Bergthora Baumgard, a trillion Jackotrades, or some unholy amalgam of child and machine?" Denholm drummed his fingers theatrically on his chin. "How to tell? What questions would reveal your true nature? I know, why don't you tell me something — anything — which would prove that the boy is the puppet of the machines, or that he wears them like a cloak, or that a chimera stands before me."
The Caliban-thing remained silent.
"You offer no proof, so I will assume, for the moment, that you are lying. Let us consider an alternative hypothesis, one that was old in this world long before the hands of men crafted your earliest ancestors. Its first tenet can be stated simply — we are fallen spirits chained by irrationality and doubt to an existence far beneath our true place in the universe."
Perhaps that is where you deserve to be.
"We can change. Three million years ago there was a man called Harlequin who taught that our spiritual destiny lies in our own hands, and is influenced only by our characters and deeds."
What happened to Harlequin?
"A question with a snare at its heart. Sadly, I am unable to avoid stepping into it. He was killed aeons ago, and I had the last of his followers executed twenty years ago."
All of them?
The Master smiled, but refused to answer. "Why is my daughter so important?"
Why do you think she is?
Denholm laughed again. "You don't know, do you?" He gestured at the Caliban-thing. "This metal and flesh concoction was your last hope, wasn't it? I don't care how many billions of generations of you there have been, in the end you had to find a way to speak directly to us. Your schemes and eternal wars are beyond human ken, but you can't understand us either, and wedding yourself to this pathetic excuse for a human didn't help, did it?"
The word rang with truth, and Denholm sensed an undercurrent of boiling anger. He knew it wasn't from the Jackotrades — human emotions were foreign to them — this hatred was pouring from the boy. As the torrent of bile grew, Denholm felt sorrow. Caliban had a black heart all of his own, and he must have initiated the symbiosis with Jackotrades, but Denholm was appalled at the tortures he had suffered. But the child-monster was still dangerous, and would become a raging beast when the Jackotrades left him. He shook his head as if clearing away mental cobwebs. Then he started to laugh — just a chuckle at first, but quickly turned into uproarious, gut-clutching laughter.
We do not understand.
It took Denholm several attempts before he could speak. When he did, he was still barely able to keep his bubbling hilarity in check.
"Of course you don't," he said between sobs of laughter. "Twelve million years ago, a hundred philosophers laboured for a hundred years to define Godhead, and the best they could come up with was God was a standing wave in the unified consciousness of humanity."
"No you don't. You know, we really should have had this conversation before."
We do —
"I want to tell you my credo: I chose to believe in the transcendental nature of all life. I chose to believe that humanity has greatness woven in its genes, as have all other living things — including the machine tribes infesting this tragic child before me. Above all, I chose to believe that our destiny is in our hands and, if I die today, it will be in the knowledge that I have lived my life by this set of beliefs. You — the Fixed Giants — the Silent Ones — the old lady who lives in a bucket on the shore of the Waveless Sea — it doesn't matter whom I met in the Kernel. Do you seriously think I would have done the things I did if I hadn't believed in them?"
The Caliban-thing didn't reply. Denholm couldn't be sure but he thought that the fluctuations in its mirror-surface were slowing, or maybe becoming more regular in their nutations.
"I have known all my life that the Lesser Redoubt was doomed. Our population has collapsed to unviable levels over the last three million years. There are maybe fifty thousand of us left, out of the half million who launched the great endeavour eight million years ago — five hundred thousand brave souls defying the Night, determined to recover the world for its true inhabitants. At least we tried!"
You failed.
"Did we, or is this just more lies?"
Your conceptions of truth and lies are redundant.
"No they aren't, at least not from my perspective — and that's the only one that matters."
A limited viewpoint.
"Where is my daughter?" Denholm demanded.
The Jackotrades abandoned Caliban, flowing from every organelle and every cell, collecting in the tiny spaces of his body, and then pooling in his veins and arteries, entrails and lungs. He spasmed, vomiting a silver stream of machine life. His skin turned silver, and then dead white as his symbiotes deserted him. A glistening argent pool formed at his feet, then disappeared into the black earth. For a long time he didn't dare breathe, so terrified was he that the merest motion would cause his body to slump into a bindless sludge. Finally, a single choking breath told him he was alive, and a cautious step proved that he was still vital. He wrapped his arms around his chest and held his hatred close. The Master's footprints were easy to follow.
The snake women's attacks went on until the last of the boys was dead. As Rauli slumped over, his face purpled and his tongue bulging and bloodied, his attacker decomposed into a slinking oily ash. For half-a-day, the boys had been singled out one-by-one for attack. The first had happened with blinding suddenness. A fist of viper-tailed women, with eyes like burning embers and serrated hooks instead of hands, had burst from behind a rock and surrounded Paamis. While the others held his friends at bay, one of them embraced him in a quickly tightening embrace, and crushed the life out of him. When her work was done, the snake woman unwound her deadly grip and fell into torpor. Her sisters slunk away, leaving the fast-putrefying killer behind. The children stuck close together as they climbed the long slope up from the dry seabed and, when the next attack came, they were better prepared. In the end it made little difference; the snake-women were cunning and single-minded. When they fixed on a victim — always a boy — it was only a question of time before one of them broke through and killed him.
With Nyven dead, the attacks ended. Only Naani and three of the girls — Jessamy, Winter and Tigris Tinsley — were alive of the sixteen children whom the Moramor had led into the Night Land. The others hugged each other and wailed, but Naani stood apart, her head held high. The Earth was silent, apart from a keening from the northwest.
Jessamy looked up from her grief. "What's that noise?"
"Just the Night Land," Naani said. "Don't upset yourself."
The other girl flinched and buried her face in her hands. Naani ignored her. She had no comforting words for them, they would either have to pull themselves together, or they would die soon.
Just like my father's people.
So far as she could tell, she alone had shared the last moments of the Redoubt's defenders. At first she had thought their deaths were waking nightmares, but as dozens, then as hundreds of them, had fled their lives, she could no longer deny the scale of the tragedy she was witnessing. The end had happened so quickly; it took a handful of minutes while she stood lookout and her friends wept for the lost boys.
"You don't care!" Tigris Tinsley shouted.
Naani listened to the Night Land. She could hear things scurrying among the rocks, things emboldened by the death of the last Lamia. Her awareness encompassed every creature for miles around — from slithering worms to creeping beast-men — all of them keen to feast on four lonely girls. There was another voice: in the distance, her Bright Warrior was striding quickly towards her. She sent a wordless cry of love into the Night. She could not grasp his reply, but she was sure that he had heard and would quicken his pace.
There were two other voices that did not belong in the Night Land. She recognised one of them — and it filled her with a sad joy. The other was clouded and shifted like sand in a gale wind, like it was part of the world, yet apart from it. Instinct told her who it was, and that she would have to deal with it soon.
"Come," she said to the others. "My father is in the wilderness with us. He is a good distance away and needs our help — we must hurry."
Caliban had closed to within a hundred paces of his enemy, so close that he could smell him, even if he couldn't sense his thoughts. When the Jackotrades drained from him, they took their world-sense with them. Suddenly, the man looked in his direction. Caliban threw himself flat into a low ditch filled with swarming mites. The lice skittered away from him. He slapped his palm, down killing a thousand of them, then held up his gore-splattered hand and looked at it for a long time. It wasn't the same, he realised; killing things wasn't as satisfying when you couldn't feel their tiny souls snuffing out.
Wiping his hand on a rock, he found some consolation in the hope that killing his enemy might reawaken a little of his old passion. Repeating that happy thought over and over, he stood up cautiously — and was slammed to the ground by a mass of claws and fur. At first Caliban was furious that he had allowed a beast to sneak up on him. Then he was fighting for his life. The beast-man knocked the wind from him. Through his breathless agony, Caliban saw the creature prepare to leap again and, just as it fell, he rolled aside and staggered to his feet. For an instant his attacker seemed baffled by the escape of its prey and Caliban took the opportunity to leap on its back. He grabbed two fistfuls of the mat of greasy hair on its head and smashed its face against the rocky ground. Before the beast-man could recover, Caliban wrapped his arms around its neck and squeezed as hard as he could.
It was several minutes before Caliban heard the beast-man's death rattle. He shoved his face close to its head and listened in vain for its life force taking wing. He kicked the dead creature away and squatted on his haunches, listening closely for other potential attackers. He was about to restart his pursuit, when another idea occurred to him. Laughing at his cleverness, he found a sharp flint flake in the rubble, and began to skin the beast-man. When he was done he threw the mattered pelt over his shoulders like a cloak.
Unsurprisingly, his enemy was gone from sight. He was about to start tracking him when he realised that he was thirsty. There was no water anywhere near, but he squeezed the beast-man's pelt, forcing a few drops of blood and fat into his upraised palm. He swallowed the bitter, salty slop. It was awful, but it would give him the strength he needed for his last task.
Naani and her father met on small flat-topped hill. It was capped with a large triangular rock a hundred yards along each side. Neither of them knew that it was the base of one of the prehistoric watchtowers of their people. Unused since the Redoubt was completed, all traces of humanity had long ago been scoured from its face. The underside was covered with eight million-year-old writings, but they were lost to all but the trillions of Jackotrades who had been drawn to this climatic moment — and they did not care about them.
Father and daughter approached each other slowly. The other three girls cowered beside a nearby boulder and watched in disbelief. Naani held her hands out and Denholm softly took them in his. They did not say anything but, for the first time in their lives, looked into each other's eyes. Their mutual understanding had been long coming, but was complete, and all sins and omissions were set aside in a profound act of reconciliation. Naani rested her head on her father's chest and listened to his slow steady heartbeat. The universe was arrested in her perfect moment — the blowing dust stopped in mid-air — the ice-cracked rock flake defined gravity — the cellular processes of the lowliest algae paused in reverence.
Beneath her feet, the Jackotrade tribes waited.
Then something rushed in a blur of stinking hair and pale limbs across the flat rock, screaming and wielding a flint knife. Denholm pushed his daughter aside and stepped into Caliban's path. He slammed into the creature, shattering its bones and tearing its sinews. They crashed to the rocky ground. After a moment, Denholm heaved Caliban aside — Naani rushed up, grabbed a fist-sized rock and finished the boy-monster off. She threw her weapon away, and knelt by her father. His hands covered the flint knife that was buried in his chest. She pressed her head to his body and listened as his heart stopped beating.
It was an hour before Naani let go of her father. The other girls stood around in silence, unsure of what to do or say. Then she stood up and looked towards the Southwest. She could hear her Bright Warrior from the Great Redoubt. He was many days away yet, but she knew with absolute certainty that their meeting would not be too long delayed.
"I am going to the West," she said without turning to look at her companions. "My salvation and my love is hurrying North, and I long to join him. You can come with me if you wish. The way will likely be hard, but that is true of all roads in this desolate land and it is time for us to stop being afraid of the dark." She paused and waited for the other to reply. When they didn't, she shook her head sadly, and continued. "First, through, we must bury my father. I cannot stomach the thought of leaving him naked in this place."
"You should look at this, Naani," Jessamy said in a near-whisper.
Naani looked back at her father's body. It was lying in a smooth shallow depression in the rock. As she watched, the grave slowly deepened and trickles of fine dust started to cover the body.
It took the Jackotrades six hours to bury Denholm, and when they were done his resting-place was covered with an oval slab of smooth, impenetrable granite. Naani offered silent thanks then; after kissing the monument, she set out to meet her destiny.
© 2002 by Nigel Atkinson.
Image copyright by Stephen Fabian.
A Mouse in the Walls of the Lesser Redoubt
Copyright 2001–2019 by Andy Robertson, Kate Coady, Tais Teng, Martin Isitt, Stephen Fabian, et alii.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Catalin Cimpanu June 9, 2021
Russian hackers breached Dutch police systems in 2017
Catalin Cimpanu
Hackers working on behalf of Russian intelligence services breached the internal network of Dutch police in 2017 during the country's investigation of the MH-17 crash.
The intrusion was kept under wraps by Dutch investigators until this week when multiple sources revealed the incident to Dutch newspaper the Volkskrant.
Breach occurred via Police academy server
According to the newspaper's reporting, the attack was traced back to September 2017, when Russian hackers used a vulnerability in an "exotic software" to breach a server belonging to the Dutch Police Academy, from where they pivoted to the main Dutch police network.
The intrusion was uncovered by AIVD, the Dutch intelligence service, after it saw a Dutch police IP address communicating with known malicious servers operated by Russian state-sponsored threat actors.
The AIVD, which previously breached a Russian intelligence service itself in 2014, alerted Dutch police.
Volkskrant said that due to a lack of monitoring/logging, the AIVD and Dutch Police have very little knowledge of what the hackers did inside the police network.
Sources also described several moments of friction between the two Dutch agencies when it came to deciding on how to handle the intrusion and subsequent clean-up, with the AIVD wanting to keep the hackers under surveillance while police officials wanted them removed from their systems due to the possibility of compromising sensitive cases.
Intrusion linked to Russian intelligence
Volkskrant said that sources linked the 2017 Dutch police hack to APT29 (Cozy Bear), a well-known hacking group that the White House linked earlier this year to the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service, also known as the SVR.
However, in a subsequent article update, Volkskrant said that attribution of the hack is far from accurate, as some sources also linked the attack to APT28 (Fancy Bear), a hacking group that was previously linked to the GRU, the Russian military intelligence service.
Neither Dutch police nor the AIVD confirmed or commented on the newspaper's reporting.
Either way, investigators were positive the attack was carried out by Russian intelligence as Dutch authorities were investigating the case of Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 (MH17), which they concluded was downed by a missile shot by rogue Russian-backed rebel forces active in eastern Ukraine.
During the investigation into the flight's crash, which was led by Dutch authorities, several Dutch organizations were targeted by both APT28 and APT29 on multiple occasions.
As part of the Russian government's desperate attempts at gaining insights into the investigation, Russian intelligence agents also traveled to the Netherlands to hack a police station and the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), a notorious incident for which the EU imposed sanctions against the Russian intelligence agents in 2020.
Tensions between Russia and the Netherlands remain high due to the MH-17 investigation.
A recent AIVD report claimed that Russia still ran influence operations in 2020, trying to discredit the findings of its MH-17 investigation.
Earlier this year, the Netherlands also said it discovered and kicked out two SVR agents working at the Russian embassy in The Hague under diplomatic accreditation.
Dutch officials, led by the AIVD, are also currently looking into making espionage a crime.
Fun fact: espionage, while a crime in many places, is not in any extradition treaties.
This causes some weird pretenses when country A might very much want to extradite a person from country B 🥸👀 https://t.co/rOr4HUi5Ux
— John Wetzel (@johnwetzel) June 9, 2021
Dutch police
Catalin Cimpanu is a former cybersecurity reporter for Record Future News. He previously worked at ZDNet and Bleeping Computer, where he became a well-known name in the industry for his constant scoops on new vulnerabilities, cyberattacks, and law enforcement actions against hackers.
APT group targets diplomatic organizations in Africa and the Middle East
Google patches Chrome zero-day linked to 'commercial exploit company'


text:
Justia Regulation Tracker National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 2011
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 2011 – Federal Register Recent Federal Regulation Documents
Marine Mammals; File No. 16553
Document Number: 2011-21001
Notice is hereby given that Brent Stewart, Ph.D., J.D., Hubbs SeaWorld Research Institute, 2595 Ingraham Street, San Diego, CA, 92109, has applied in due form for a permit to conduct research on California sea lions (Zalophus californianus), northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris), and harbor seals (Phoca vitulina).
https://regulations.justia.com/regulations/fedreg/2011/08/17/2011-21001.html
Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and South Atlantic; Reef Fish Fishery of the Gulf of Mexico; Amendment 26 and Amendment 29 Supplement
NMFS proposes to supplement the regulations implementing Amendments 26 and 29 to the Fishery Management Plan for Reef Fish Resources of the Gulf of Mexico (FMP), as prepared and submitted by the Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council (Council). Amendment 26 established an individual fishing quota (IFQ) program for the red snapper commercial sector of the reef fish fishery in the Gulf of Mexico (Gulf) exclusive economic zone (EEZ). Amendment 29 established a multi-species IFQ program for the grouper and tilefish component of the commercial sector of the reef fish fishery in the Gulf EEZ. If implemented, this rule would implement transferability measures for the red snapper IFQ program contained in Amendment 26 that are required to be effective as of January 1, 2012. This rule would also require all Gulf IFQ applicants and participants to certify their status as U.S. citizens or permanent resident aliens to meet current Gulf IFQ program and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (Magnuson- Stevens Act) requirements. Additionally, this rule would make revisions to the codified text to remove outdated language specific to the Gulf IFQ programs. The intent of this rule is to specify the process for the general public to participate in the Gulf red snapper IFQ program and ensure efficient functioning of both IFQ programs in the Gulf of Mexico.
Fisheries of the South Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean; Southeastern Data, Assessment, and Review (SEDAR); Public Meeting
The SEDAR Steering Committee will meet to discuss the SEDAR assessment schedule, budget, and the SEDAR process. See SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION.
Taking and Importing Marine Mammals; Military Training Activities and Research Conducted Within the Mariana Islands Range Complex
In accordance with the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA), as amended, and implementing regulations, notice is hereby given that NMFS has issued a letter of authorization (LOA) to the U.S. Navy (Navy) to take marine mammals incidental to Navy training, maintenance, and research, development, testing, and evaluation (RDT&E) activities to be conducted within the Mariana Islands Range Complex (MIRC) Study Area for the period of August 12, 2011, through August 11, 2012.
Fisheries off West Coast States; Pacific Coast Groundfish Fishery Management Plan; Trawl Rationalization Program; Program Improvement and Enhancement; Amendment 21-1
NMFS announces that the Pacific Fishery Management Council (Council) has submitted Amendment 21-1 to the Pacific Coast Groundfish Fishery Management Plan (FMP) for review by the Secretary of Commerce (Secretary). Amendment 21-1 would further revise the FMP to support the trawl rationalization program, a catch share program, implemented in January 2011 through Amendments 20 and 21. Amendment 21-1 would modify the FMP to clarify that Amendment 21 supersedes the limited entry/open access allocations for groundfish species allocated through Amendment 21. Amendment 21-1 would also revise the formula in the FMP to allocate Pacific halibut bycatch to the limited entry trawl fishery.
Endangered and Threatened Species; 5-Year Reviews for 5 Evolutionarily Significant Units of Pacific Salmon and 1 Distinct Population Segment of Steelhead in California
We, the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Southwest Region, announce the availability of 5-year reviews for five ESUs of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus sp.) and one DPS of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in California, as required by the ESA. After reviewing the best available scientific and commercial data, our 5-year reviews indicate that these species should remain listed as determined in 2005 and 2006, respectively. Our reviews recommend that the southward extension of boundaries for California Coastal Chinook salmon and Central California Coast coho salmon should be considered. Our 5- year review also recommends that six hatchery stocks should be removed from the California Coastal Chinook salmon ESU because those hatchery programs have been terminated.
Endangered and Threatened Species; 5-Year Reviews for 17 Evolutionarily Significant Units and Distinct Population Segments of Pacific Salmon and Steelhead
NMFS Northwest Region announces the availability of 5-year reviews for 11 evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus sp.) and 6 distinct population segments (DPSs) of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Oregon, Washington, and Idaho as required by the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (ESA). The purpose of the reviews was to evaluate whether the listing classifications of these salmonids remains accurate or should be changed. After reviewing the best available scientific and commercial data, we conclude that the 11 ESUs of Pacific salmon and 6 DPSs of steelhead in Oregon, Washington, and Idaho shall remain listed as determined in 2005, 2006, and 2007.
Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and South Atlantic; Reef Fish Fishery of the Gulf of Mexico; Exempted Fishing Permit
NMFS announces the receipt of an application for an exempted fishing permit (EFP) from the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries (LDWF). If granted, the EFP would authorize the applicant to collect and retain limited numbers of specimens that would otherwise be prohibited from possession and retention. This study, to be conducted in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of the Gulf of Mexico (Gulf) off Louisiana, is intended to more closely monitor populations of red snapper and other reef fish to ensure public health and seafood quality are maintained.
Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and South Atlantic; Reef Fish Fishery of the Gulf of Mexico; Emergency Rule To Increase the Recreational Quota for Red Snapper and Suspend the Recreational Red Snapper Closure Date
NMFS issues this emergency rule to increase the recreational quota for red snapper in the Gulf of Mexico (Gulf) reef fish fishery for the 2011 fishing season and suspend the October 1 closure date, as requested by the Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council (Council). At its May 2011 meeting, the Council's Science and Statistical Committee (SSC) recommended that the red snapper total allowable catch (TAC) be increased by 345,000 lb (156,489 kg). At its June 2011 meeting, the Council requested that NMFS publish an emergency rule to assign the entire 345,000 lb (156,489 kg) of additional TAC to the recreational sector and suspend the October 1 closure date of the recreational fishing season. If NMFS determines, after reviewing the data, that the recreational red snapper quota was not reached by the July 19, 2011, projected closure date, NMFS will publish a subsequent rule in the Federal Register to reopen red snapper harvest for a limited time period during the 2011 fishing season. The intent of this rulemaking is to achieve the optimum yield for the fishery, thus enhancing social and economic benefits to the fishery.
NMFS announces the receipt of an application for an exempted fishing permit (EFP) for a collaborative effort among personnel from Texas Tech University, Texas A&MCorpus Christi, and a commercial fishing organization, Shareholders Alliance. If granted, the EFP would authorize the applicants to collect and retain limited numbers of specimens that would otherwise be prohibited from possession and retention. This study, to be conducted in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of the Gulf of Mexico (Gulf), is intended to more closely monitor populations of red snapper and other reef fish to compare relative catch rates and discards between vessels that possess varying amounts of red snapper allocation under the current Gulf red snapper individual fishing quota (IFQ) program.
Western Pacific Fisheries; Approval of a Marine Conservation Plan for the Northern Mariana Islands
NMFS announces approval of a marine conservation plan for the Northern Mariana Islands.
Proposed Information Collection; Comment Request; Northwest Region Gear Identification Requirements
The Department of Commerce, as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, invites the general public and other Federal agencies to take this opportunity to comment on proposed and/or continuing information collections, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995.
New England Fishery Management Council; Public Meeting
The New England Fishery Management Council (Council) is scheduling a public meeting of its Habitat/MPA/Ecosystem Committee in Augsut, 2011 to consider actions affecting New England fisheries in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ). Recommendations from this group will be brought to the full Council for formal consideration and action, if appropriate.
The New England Fishery Management Council (Council) is scheduling a public meeting of its Monkfish Oversight Committee on August 31, 2011 to consider actions affecting New England fisheries in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ). Recommendations from this group will be brought to the full Council for formal consideration and action, if appropriate.
Takes of Marine Mammals Incidental to Specified Activities; Marine Geophysical Survey in the Central-Western Bering Sea, August 2011
In accordance with the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) regulation, notification is hereby given that NMFS has issued an Incidental Harassment Authorization (IHA) to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to take marine mammals, by Level B harassment, incidental to conducting a marine geophysical survey in the central-western Bering Sea, August 2011.
Endangered and Threatened Species; Take of Anadromous Fish
Notice is hereby given that NMFS has received two Tribal Resource Management Plans (TRMPs), one from the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes (SBT) and one from the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation (CTUIR), and two Fishery Management and Evaluation Plans (FMEPs) from the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW), for fishery management in the Snake River Basin in Northeast Oregon. The TRMPs are provided pursuant to the Tribal 4(d) Rule; the ODFW FMEPs are submitted for approval under Limit 4 of the 4(d) Rule for Pacific salmon and steelhead. This document serves to notify the public of the availability for comment of the proposed evaluation of the Secretary of Commerce (Secretary) as to how the TRMPs address the criteria in the ESA, and the availability of the state FMEPs for public comment. NMFS also announces the availability of a draft Environmental Assessment (EA) for the pending determinations.
Marine Mammals; File No. 15471-01
Notice is hereby given that Michael Adkesson, D.V.M., Chicago Zoological Society, 3300 Golf Rd., Brookfield, Illinois 60527, has applied for an amendment to Scientific Research Permit No. 15471.
Endangered and Threatened Wildlife; 90-Day Finding on a Petition To List the Saltmarsh Topminnow as Threatened or Endangered Under the Endangered Species Act
Agency: Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior
We (NMFS and USFWS; also collectively referred to as the Services) announce a 90-day finding on a petition to list the saltmarsh topminnow (topminnow; Fundulus jenkinsi) as threatened or endangered under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). We find that the petition presents substantial scientific information indicating that the petitioned action may be warranted. We will conduct a status review of the species to determine if the petitioned action is warranted. To ensure that the status review is comprehensive, we are soliciting scientific and commercial data on the species (see below).
North Pacific Fishery Management Council; Public Meetings
The North Pacific Fishery Management Council's Gulf of Alaska (GOA) and Bering Sea/Aleutian Islands (BS/AI) groundfish plan teams will meet in Seattle.
Caribbean Fishery Management Council; Public Meeting
The Caribbean Fishery Management Council (Council) and its Administrative Committee will hold meetings.
Atlantic Highly Migratory Species; Modification of the Retention of Incidentally-Caught Highly Migratory Species in Atlantic Trawl Fisheries
This final rule modifies the permitting requirements and retention limits for Atlantic highly migratory species (HMS) that are incidentally-caught in Atlantic trawl fisheries. This action will reduce regulatory dead discards of incidentally-caught Atlantic swordfish in the Illex squid trawl fishery by establishing a new Incidental HMS Squid Trawl permit for all valid Illex squid moratorium permit holders. The Incidental HMS Squid Trawl permit will allow up to 15 swordfish per trip to be retained. The final rule also establishes a retention limit for smoothhound sharks in all Atlantic trawl fisheries. These actions are necessary to achieve domestic management objectives under the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (Magnuson-Stevens Act), and to implement the 2006 Consolidated HMS Fishery Management Plan (Consolidated HMS FMP), including objectives in the FMP to monitor and control all components of fishing mortality, both directed and incidental, so as to ensure the long-term sustainability of HMS stocks, and to provide the data necessary for assessing HMS fish stocks and managing HMS, including addressing inadequacies in current data collection and the ongoing collection of economic and bycatch data in Atlantic HMS fisheries.
Fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone Off Alaska; Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands Management Area; Limited Access Privilege Program
NMFS proposes regulations that would implement Amendment 93 to the Fishery Management Plan for Groundfish of the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands Management Area (FMP). This proposed rule would amend the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands Amendment 80 Program to modify the criteria for forming and participating in a harvesting cooperative. This action is necessary to encourage greater participation in harvesting cooperatives, which enable members to more efficiently target species, avoid areas with undesirable bycatch, and improve the quality of products produced. This action is intended to promote the goals and objectives of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, the Fishery Management Plan, and other applicable law.
Fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone Off Alaska; Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands Crab Rationalization Program
NMFS proposes regulations implementing Amendment 30 to the Fishery Management Plan for Bering Sea/Aleutian Islands King and Tanner Crabs (FMP). This proposed rule would amend the Bering Sea/Aleutian Islands Crab Rationalization Program (CR Program) to modify procedures for producing and submitting documents that are required under the Arbitration System to resolve price, delivery, and other disputes between harvesters and processors. This action is necessary to improve the quality and timeliness of market information used to conduct arbitration proceedings. This action is intended to promote the goals and objectives of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, the FMP, and other applicable law.
The New England Fishery Management Council (Council) is scheduling a public meeting of its Whiting Advisory Panel, in August 2011, to consider actions affecting New England fisheries in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ). Recommendations from this group will be brought to the full Council for formal consideration and action, if appropriate.
The New England Fishery Management Council (Council) is scheduling a public meeting of its Whiting Oversight in August, 2011 to consider actions affecting New England fisheries in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ). Recommendations from this group will be brought to the full Council for formal consideration and action, if appropriate.
Endangered Species; File No. 16194
Notice is hereby given that the National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center (SEFSC) [Bonnie Ponwith: Responsible Party], 75 Virginia Beach Drive, Miami, FL 33149, has applied in due form for a permit to take green (Chelonia mydas), hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata), loggerhead (Caretta caretta), Kemp's ridley (Lepidochelys kempii), olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea), leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea), and unidentified hardshell sea turtles for purposes of scientific research.
Notice is hereby given that a permit has been issued to Robin Baird, PhD, Cascadia Research, 218\1/2\ W. 4th Avenue, Olympia, WA 98501 to take marine mammals in the Pacific Ocean for the purposes of scientific research.
Endangered Species; File No. 1551
Notice is hereby given that NMFS, Southeast Fisheries Science Center (SEFSC), 75 Virginia Beach Drive, Miami, FL 33149 (Responsible Party: Bonnie Ponwith), has requested a modification to scientific research Permit No. 1551-02.
Fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone Off Alaska; Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands King and Tanner Crabs
NMFS announces approval of Amendments 38 and 39 to the Fishery Management Plan for Bering Sea/Aleutian Islands King and Tanner Crabs (FMP). Amendment 38 establishes a mechanism in the FMP to specify annual catch limits and accountability measures for each crab stock. This action is necessary to account for uncertainty in the overfishing limit and prevent overfishing. Amendment 39 modifies the snow crab rebuilding plan to define the stock as rebuilt the first year the stock biomass is above the level necessary to produce maximum sustainable yield. Amendments 38 and 39 are intended to promote the goals and objectives of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, the FMP, and other applicable laws.
Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Scup Fishery; Adjustment to the 2011 Winter II Quota
NMFS adjusts the 2011 Winter II commercial scup quota. This action complies with Framework Adjustment 3 (Framework 3) to the Summer Flounder, Scup, and Black Sea Bass Fishery Management Plan, which established a process to allow the rollover of unused commercial scup quota from the Winter I period to the Winter II period.
Fisheries of the South Atlantic; Southeast Data, Assessment, and Review (SEDAR); Assessment Process Webinars for South Atlantic Black Sea Bass (Centropristis striata) and Golden Tilefish (Lopholatilus chamaeleonticeps)
The SEDAR 25 assessments of the South Atlantic black sea bass and golden tilefish will consist of a series of workshops and webinars: this notice is for webinars associated with the Assessment portion of the SEDAR process. See SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION.
Fisheries of the South Atlantic; Southeast Data, Assessment, and Review (SEDAR); South Atlantic Black Sea Bass (Centropristis striata) and Golden Tilefish (Lopholatilus chamaeleonticeps)
The SEDAR 25 Review of the South Atlantic stock of black sea bass and golden tilefish will consist of one workshop, originally scheduled for September 20-22, 2011, will now be held October 11-13, 2011. This is the twenty-fifth SEDAR. See SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION.
Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Monkfish; Framework Adjustment 7
NMFS proposes regulations to implement measures in Framework Adjustment 7 (Framework 7) to the Monkfish Fishery Management Plan (Monkfish FMP). The New England Fishery Management Council and Mid- Atlantic Fishery Management Council (Councils) developed Framework 7 to adjust the annual catch target (ACT) for the Northern Fishery Management Area (NFMA) to be consistent with the most recent scientific advice regarding the acceptable biological catch (ABC) for monkfish. The New England Council's Scientific and Statistical Committee (SSC) has recommended a revision to the ABC based on information from a 2010 stock assessment (50th Northeast Regional Stock Assessment Review Committee (SARC 50)). Framework 7 would also specify a new day-at-sea (DAS) allocation and trip limits for the NFMA commensurate with the new ACT, and Framework 7 and would also adopt revised biomass reference points for the NFMA and Southern Fishery Management Area (SFMA), based on the recommendations of SARC 50 and the SSC.
Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Atlantic Mackerel, Squid, and Butterfish Fishery; Emergency Rule Extension, Revision of 2011 Butterfish Specifications
NMFS extends the emergency revision to the butterfish allowable biological catch (ABC) implemented on March 15, 2011, which is scheduled to expire on September 12, 2011. Specifically, this temporary rule maintains the increase in the butterfish ABC from 1,500 mt to 1,811 mt, and applies the increase to the butterfish mortality cap in the Loligo (Doryteuthis) squid fishery, based on the most recent and best available scientific information. The increase is extended for an additional 186 days to maintain the increased butterfish ABC through the end of the 2011 fishing year (i.e., through December 31, 2011), or until superseded by 2012 MSB specifications.
Fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone Off Alaska; Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands Crab Rationalization Program; Public Meeting
NMFS has requested the Center for Independent Experts (CIE) to conduct a peer review of the agency's economic data collection program for the Bering Sea/Aleutian Islands crab fisheries managed under the BSAI Crab Rationalization program. The CIE, operated by Northern Taiga Ventures, Inc., provides independent peer reviews of NMFS's fisheries stock assessments and other science products. The BSAI Crab Economic Data Report (EDR) program administered by NMFS began collecting cost, earnings and employment data in 2005, concurrently with the transition of BSAI crab fisheries to the rationalized management regime. The program was developed under the direction of the North Pacific Fishery Management Council (Council). The CIE review will examine the scientific methods and practices employed by NMFS in the design and administration of the EDR program and dissemination of results, assess whether the data and information produced represent the best available science, and provide recommendations for methodological improvements to achieve best scientific practices in economic data collection and analysis of BSAI crab fisheries. The public is invited to attend and observe the presentations and discussions between the CIE panel and the NMFS scientists and contractors who have administered the data collection.
Takes of Marine Mammals Incidental to Specified Activities; Pile-Driving and Renovation Operations on the Trinidad Pier by the Cher-Ae Heights Indian Community of the Trinidad Rancheria in Trinidad, CA
In accordance with the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) regulation, notification is hereby given that NMFS has issued an Incidental Harassment Authorization (IHA) to the Cher-Ae Heights Indian Community of the Trinidad Rancheria (Trinidad Rancheria) to take small numbers of marine mammals, by Level B harassment, incidental to pile- driving and renovation operations for the Trinidad Pier Reconstruction Project in Trinidad, California.
Fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone Off Alaska; Pacific Cod for American Fisheries Act Catcher/Processors Using Trawl Gear in the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands Management Area
NMFS is prohibiting directed fishing for Pacific cod by American Fisheries Act (AFA) trawl catcher/processors in the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands management area (BSAI). This action is necessary to prevent exceeding the 2011 Pacific cod total allowable catch (TAC) specified for AFA trawl catcher-processors in the BSAI.
Proposed Information Collection; Comment Request; High Seas Fishing Permit Application Information
Proposed Information Collection; Comment Request; Cooperative Game Fish Tagging Report
Proposed Information Collection; Comment Request; California Signage Plan: Evaluation of Interpretive Signs
Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and South Atlantic; Snapper-Grouper Fishery Off the Southern Atlantic States; Control Date for Commercial Wreckfish Sector
NMFS announces that it is establishing a new control date of March 11, 2011, to control future access to the commercial wreckfish sector of the snapper-grouper fishery operating in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of the South Atlantic. If changes to the management regime are developed and implemented under the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (Magnuson-Stevens Act), a control date could be used to limit the number of participants in this commercial sector. This announcement is intended, in part, to promote awareness of the potential eligibility criteria for future access so as to discourage speculative entry into this sector while the South Atlantic Fishery Management Council (Council) and NMFS consider whether and how access to the commercial wreckfish sector should be controlled.
Takes of Marine Mammals Incidental to Specified Activities; Seabird and Pinniped Research Activities in Central California, 2011-2012
In accordance with the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) regulations, notification is hereby given that NMFS has issued an Incidental Harassment Authorization (IHA) to PRBO Conservation Science (PRBO), to take marine mammals, by Level B harassment, incidental to conducting seabird and pinniped research activities on Southeast Farallon Island, A[ntilde]o Nuevo Island, and Point Reyes National Seashore in central California.
Western Pacific Bottomfish and Seamount Groundfish Fisheries; 2011-12 Main Hawaiian Islands Deep 7 Bottomfish Annual Catch Limits and Accountability Measures
NMFS proposes to specify a quota (annual catch target, ACT) of 325,000 lb (147,418 kg) of Deep 7 bottomfish in the main Hawaiian Islands (MHI) for the 2011-12 fishing year, based on a proposed annual catch limit (ACL) of 346,000 lb (156,943 kg). When the fishery is projected to reach the quota, NMFS would close, as an accountability measure, the commercial and non-commercial fisheries for MHI Deep 7 bottomfish for the remainder of the fishing year. The proposed specifications and fishery closure support the long-term sustainability of Hawaii bottomfish.
Taking and Importing Marine Mammals; Taking Marine Mammals Incidental to Coastal Commercial Fireworks Displays at Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary, CA
NMFS has received a request from the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary (MBNMS or sanctuary) for authorization to take small numbers of marine mammals incidental to permitting professional fireworks displays within the sanctuary in California waters, over the course of five years, from July 4, 2012 to July 3, 2017. Pursuant to regulations implementing the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA), NMFS is announcing receipt of MBNMS's request for the development and implementation of regulations governing the incidental taking of marine mammals and inviting information, suggestions, and comments on MBNMS's application and request.
Takes of Marine Mammals Incidental to Specified Activities; Taking Marine Mammals Incidental to Shallow Hazards Survey in the Chukchi Sea, Alaska
In accordance with the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) regulations, notification is hereby given that NMFS has issued an Incidental Harassment Authorization (IHA) to Statoil USA E&P Inc. (Statoil) to take, by harassment, small numbers of 13 species of marine mammals incidental to shallow hazards and geotechnical surveys in the Chukchi Sea, Alaska, during the 2011 Arctic open-water season.
Evaluation of State Coastal Management Programs and National Estuarine Research Reserves
The NOAA Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management (OCRM) announces its intent to evaluate the performance of the North Carolina and Delaware Coastal Management Programs and the Delaware National Estuarine Research Reserve. The Coastal Zone Management Program evaluations will be conducted pursuant to section 312 of the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended (CZMA) and regulations at 15 CFR part 923, subpart L. The CZMA requires continuing review of the performance of states with respect to coastal program implementation. Evaluation of a Coastal Management Program requires findings concerning the extent to which a state has met the national objectives, adhered to its Coastal Management Program document approved by the Secretary of Commerce, and adhered to the terms of financial assistance awards funded under the CZMA. The National Estuarine Research Reserve evaluation will be conducted pursuant to sections 312 and 315 of the CZMA and regulations at 15 CFR part 921, subpart E and part 923, subpart L. Evaluation of a National Estuarine Research Reserve requires findings concerning the extent to which a state has met the national objectives, adhered to its Reserve final management plan approved by the Secretary of Commerce, and adhered to the terms of financial assistance awards funded under the CZMA. Each evaluation will include a site visit, consideration of public comments, and consultations with interested Federal, state, and local agencies and members of the public. A public meeting will be held as part of the site visit. When the evaluation is completed, OCRM will place a notice in the Federal Register announcing the availability of the Final Evaluation Findings. Notice is hereby given of the dates of the site visits for the listed evaluations and the dates, local times, and locations of the public meetings during the site visits.
Marine Mammals; File No. 87-1851
Notice is hereby given that Daniel P. Costa, PhD, University of California at Santa Cruz, Long Marine Laboratory, 100 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA, has applied for an amendment to Scientific Research Permit No. 87-1851-03.
Fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone Off Alaska; "Other Rockfish" in the Western Regulatory Area of the Gulf of Alaska
NMFS is prohibiting retention of ``other rockfish'' in the Western Regulatory Area of the Gulf of Alaska (GOA). This action is necessary because the 2011 total allowable catch (TAC) of ``other rockfish'' in the Western Regulatory Area of the GOA has been reached.
Fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone Off Alaska; Pacific Ocean Perch for Catcher Vessels Participating in the Rockfish Entry Level Trawl Fishery in the Central Regulatory Area of the Gulf of Alaska
NMFS is opening directed fishing for Pacific ocean perch by trawl catcher vessels participating in the rockfish entry level fishery in the Central Regulatory Area of the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) for 48 hours. This action is necessary to fully use the 2011 directed fishing allowance of Pacific ocean perch for trawl catcher vessels participating in the rockfish entry level fishery in the Central Regulatory Area of the GOA.
Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Atlantic Mackerel, Squid, and Butterfish Fisheries; Amendment 11
NMFS proposes regulations to implement measures in Amendment 11 to the Atlantic Mackerel, Squid, and Butterfish (MSB) Fishery Management Plan (FMP). Amendment 11 was developed by the Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council (Council) to establish a tiered limited access program for the Atlantic mackerel (mackerel) fishery, and to make other changes to the management of the MSB fisheries. The Amendment 11 management measures include: A limited access program for mackerel; an open access incidental catch permit for mackerel; an update to essential fish habitat (EFH) designations for all life stages of mackerel, Loligo squid, Illex squid, and butterfish; and the establishment of a recreational allocation for mackerel. This rule also proposes minor, technical corrections to the existing regulations pertaining to the MSB fisheries.


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How health insurance may have made health care more expensive
Widespread medical debt is a uniquely American problem. Roughly 40% of U.S. adults have at least $250 in medical debt, according to a survey conducted by Kaiser Family Foundation.
"The history of medical debt is basically a history of the changing answer to the following question: When the patient can't pay the bill, who foots it?" said Dr. Luke Messac, an emergency physician at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston who is writing a book about the history of medical debt.
As health-care prices rose over the past fifty years, patients were being asked to pay more out of pocket when they received care.
There are many complicated reasons for the rise in the cost of care such as not prioritizing preventive care or a lack of price transparency, but one of the biggest catalysts for inflation was the rise of health insurance.
"It was when you get this third-party payer system where the patient doesn't have to pay all of the cost of it directly, the insurer pays a chunk of it," said. Dr. Peter Kongstvedt, a senior health policy faculty member at George Mason University. "That gives you relentless upward pressure on pricing, because if you're going to get paid, why not get paid some more?"
In the early 2000s, federal legislation led to a major restructuring of how insurance plans shared costs, with the 2003 Medicare Modernization Act spurring a boom in high-deductible health insurance plans.
A deductible is the amount a policyholder has to pay upfront before their health insurance plan kicks in. The average deductible for an individual in 2022 is around $1,760, which is double what it was in 2006 when adjusted for inflation.
Roughly 70% of lower-income adults said they wouldn't be able to afford a $500 unexpected medical bill. Nearly a quarter of those in households with an income of at least $90,000 also said they wouldn't be able to immediately afford it.
"It doesn't really take a Nobel Prize in economics to realize that if most people can't afford a $500 bill, and the average deductible on a health plan that someone gets at work is north of $1,500 now, that's that's going to create a problem," said Noam Levey, senior correspondent for Kaiser Health News. "You can't walk into an emergency room or a hospital in this country and get out usually for less than a few thousand dollars."
Watch the video above to learn more about how medical debt became so common in the U.S. health care system and what we can do to change it.


The Walking Dead Fall Finale Recap: Twisted Whispers — Plus, Who Didn't Make It Out of the Graveyard Alive?
Warning: The following contains spoilers for Sunday's midseason finale of The Walking Dead.
A lot went down in Sunday's midseason finale of The Walking Dead: We found out about a new relationship, picked up clues as to why Michonne's friends list was so much shorter than it used to be, and discovered just how crappy security was at Alexandria's one-inmate prison. But let's be real: In the end, it was all about the Whisperers and the dread that they spread across the post-apocalyptic canvas like so much fog (which, coincidentally, also figured heavily into the goings-on). Who became the new villains' first casualty? Read on and find out.
'I'M GONNA MAKE YOU PROUD' | Later, while the search for Eugene continued, Aaron suggested to Jesus that he could be a great leader if only he'd stop fighting it. Not sure we've seen a lot of evidence of that. But anyway… they were soon surprised to find that the mystery herd was coming for them — and it had doubled in size, making it an even worse kind of mystery herd than it had been before. Back at the Hilltop, Henry and Carol said their goodbyes, and whether you related in that poignant moment to the kid or the mom, the scene still had to have slayed you. (Then again, Melissa McBride is so good, she could probably make me cry reading Green Eggs and Ham!) In no time, Henry was learning from Alden how to make a spearhead… which he wanted to plunge directly into his heart at the sight of Enid kissing the older guy. His crush already spoken for, yes, Henry was available to hang out with Earl and Tammy Rose after work.
In Alexandria, Negan went from being obnoxious with Gabriel to being downright intolerable, prompting the preacher to go off on the baddie for keeping him from immediately running to the Hilltop to see how badly injured Rosita was. Somewhere along the line, it had apparently become Gabriel's job to be responsible for Negan. (Wait, Enid can be basically a doctor now, but nobody but Gabriel can change Negan's bedpans? In a community as big as Alexandria?) Before storming off again, the preacher huffed that "it's bad enough I've gotta clean up your s—, I shouldn't have to listen to it, too!" At the same time, the Hilltop's younger set, comprised of Gage, Rodney and Addy, invited Henry — or, as they dubbed him, Huckleberry — to sneak out with them that evening and lose the hangdog expression he'd been wearing. Despite his plans with Earl — I could see Carol shaking her head in my mind! — the boy said yeah, sure.
'THIS WASN'T A NORMAL HERD!' | Before Rosita awakened in the Hilltop's infirmary, Siddiq apologized to Michonne for keeping so much from her. In response, she admitted that she'd known people would still be angry at her, presumably for cutting off Alexandria from the other communities. But "it doesn't make it any easier." And she still refused to mend fences, "not the way they want me to." At least she believed that her unpopular choices were the reason that her old friends were still alive to hate her. When Rosita at last regained consciousness, she immediately wanted to get out of bed and lead a group to the barn where she'd hidden Eugene. Daryl & Co., she said, "have no idea what they're dealing with!" That night, once the missing brainiac was found by the search party, he seconded that emotion. In fact, he tearfully explained to his rescuers, the herd had already been past the barn twice looking for him. What's that, Dog? Ack! The herd had returned again!
At the same time, Henry — who sparked sweetly with Addy — reluctantly got his drink on with his new friends in a makeshift rec room outside of the Hilltop. "If this is your idea of fun," he joked, "I hate to see what happens when you get bored." Turned out, the guys were only too happy to show him what they did when they got bored: They tortured a walker they'd trapped in a hole. To no avail, they'd at first used a cat as bait, explained Gage, immediately moving himself to the top of my s— list. As Addy, clearly wanting no part of this, walked off — I knew I liked her — Henry leapt into the hole and put down the walker. Why'd you do that? asked Gage. "If I have to explain it," Henry replied, "you wouldn't understand." Meanwhile in Alexandria, Negan discovered that… what the… ? Gabriel hadn't locked — or hadn't correctly locked — his cell. And as he realized he was a free man, a wicked look crossed his face that made me wonder when we'd see more of those new shades of the character we were promised.
'THE WALKERS ARE EVOLVING!' | On the run with Jesus, Aaron, Daryl and Dog, Eugene floated a theory that the walkers were evolving. He knew it sounded crazy, but the dead roaming around was pretty crazy, too. And "the brain is alive," he added. "If it's alive, it can change, and maybe it can remember things, too, like how to talk." Or — even scarier — how to strategize and hunt, Jesus suggested. As a chill went down both Dog and my spines, Daryl insisted on staying behind with his four-legged friend to distract the herd so that Jesus and Aaron could get away with an injured Eugene. (Oh, Dog, we hardly knew ye!) At the Hilltop, Tara led Earl to the drunk tank and reported that Henry "threw up on a pig and then my boots." The alcoholic didn't need to be told what had happened — he could guess from the "reek of crappy moonshine" coming off Henry. Well, if that was how the kid honored his commitments, he could just pack for home. It wasn't that, Henry explained. "I saw my mom cry today" — and, in that moment, he'd realized what a big deal his being at the Hilltop was. He'd just wanted to escape from that feeling for a while, that was all.
As the episode neared its conclusion, Daryl used a firecracker to draw the herd — which seemed foolhardy, as it could have spooked Dog and sent him running. (Yes, I'm all about Dog now. Deal with it.) To the pair's astonishment, the herd ignored the noisy, colorful lure and instead followed Jesus, Aaron and Eugene into a graveyard lined with a spiked gate (that, unless I miss my mark, is serious foreshadowing). The trio made it through the foggy burial ground to the far side, only to find the exit door stuck. With no time left to hoist Eugene over the fence, they had to fight. As the whispers around them grew louder, out of nowhere, Michonne appeared! And Magna and Yumiko! What were they doing there? "Earning our keep," Magna told Michonne. When finally, the group got the gate opened, Jesus stayed behind to delay the walkers. And had he only been fighting walkers, he probably would have been fine. But as one plunged Jesus' own sword into his back and muttered, "You are where you do not belong," we knew that these weren't just walkers.
'THEY'RE TRAPPED' | Quicker than you could say "too late," Daryl, Michonne — everyone — rushed back in to fight walkers off Jesus. As Aaron wept over his fallen pal, Daryl realized that Jesus' killer was wearing a mask, under which was… yup. Just an ordinary, murderous guy. And while that was certainly valuable intel, it didn't seem like it was going to do the gang much good in that exact moment. Because, as Dog barked in the distance — dare I hope, a safe distance? — the Whisperers said in their terrifying, hushed tones that they had the interlopers surrounded. So, what did you think of "Evolution"? Our first Whisperers attack? Michonne's feud with… everybody? Grade the episode below, then hit the comments.


Our premier subdivision, Golden Glen, offers mid-priced houses for sale in Bay City, Texas. This subdivision is located adjacent to the popular "Del Norte" subdivision. Choose from a large selection of secluded cul-de-sac lots, or easily accessible thoroughfare lots. This new development offers a perfect place for your new home. Amenities like the park, recreation area and the walking trail make this development an ideal location for families.


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Abortion and Rights support Marches begin…..
In response to the Supreme 's 'Abortion Five' giving Rode v Wade the finger….
Thousands of American's ARE going t0 the streets to voice, and show theiur displeasure with the pending ruling coming down from the High Court…
Thousands of abortion rights supporters rallied across the United States on Saturday, angered by the prospect that the Supreme Court may soon overturn the landmark Roe v. Wade decision that legalized abortion nationwide a half century ago.
The protests kicked off what organizers predict will be a "summer of rage" ignited by the May 2 disclosure of a draft opinion showing the court's conservative majority ready to reverse the 1973 ruling that established a woman's constitutional right to terminate her pregnancy.
The court's final ruling, which could return the power to ban abortion to state legislatures, is expected in June. About half of the 50 states are poised to ban or severely restrict abortion almost immediately should Roe be struck down….
The day's largest demonstration unfolded in Washington, where a crowd that organizers estimated at 20,000 people massed at the Washington Monument and braved a light drizzle to march along the National Mall past the U.S. Capitol to the Supreme Court itself….
Many of those marching on Saturday expressed fear that rolling back abortion rights would lead to an erosion of civil liberties generally.
"This is just an affront to everything I believe that we're supposed to be about," Los Angeles musician Joel Altshuler, 73, said. "If a woman has no control over what is going to happen to her own body, then we're back in 1850 not 1950….
Filed Under: Government, Law, Other Things, Politics Tagged With: Abortion support in America, Abortion support Marches, Government, Law, Media, Politics, US Supreme Court


I also had the steel drum band. At ROR: $350 for one hour. The guests loved it. I did too, but I was so wrapped up in everything I didn't hear them until after the ceremony THey were good then. I found in between songs their breaks were long-ish and I wished they would have played straight through. But no regrets. Get them.
I did the TTD at Dunns. After starting it in the Ocean that same morning. We did the beach ones at 5:30 am and Dunns didn't open until 8. By 7:40 when we were getting in a cab my dress was almost dry (but we brought a towel and a plastic bag just in case I was wet.) But I dried out pretty good. I even wore the dress home from Dunns without soaking everything. When we got to Dunns for 8am there was not anyone there. when we were leaving there were tons of people just starting to walk down to the falls. I got some looks but it was fine!
Back from ROR: Pro pics Sneak peek!
Quote: Originally Posted by latricej919 Hey what time was your wedding? And when/what time did you start your TTD session? Our wedding was at 12 noon. It was hectic in the morning, and gave us (too much) time to relax in the afternoon, but the weather was the best for the whole day (we got sun - and clouds came in later in the afternoon). TTD was done 2 days later. We started on the beach at 5:20am and waited for the sun to rise and then mosey'ed along. We arrived at Dunns River Falls at 8am before the crowds of people. Quote: Originally Posted by hclarke1480 Pretty pictures- was you set up at for the cermony the free package? Also did you have to pay a fee to bring in your own photographer? Did you have any problems with Micheal or Photoshop crew? Quote: Originally Posted by m_willis22 your pics are great. i am definitely going to have to do my TTD at Dunns River now. this was already asked, but did you have any issues bringing your own photographer? and was the food in your pics from the Mammee Bay included reception, because that looked good. We did the free package (the Birds of Paradise and white Tulle are the set up for the free package) we did not add on any extra decorations. They were quite expensive. I regret not doing the chair covers. Even though they were expensive, I hated the brown chairs. I think I am the only one who cared though. The dinner was the free dinner with the Steakhouse (Mammee Bay menu) - because there were many large weddings that day, we were bumped to the Plantation (which is closed at night, so very private) but with the SAME steakhouse menu. The food was great. (So same menu, different location for logistics) The photographer we brought was a paying guest at the resort. We had NO problems. We told Chandlyn we had our own photographer and she said okay. I never saw anyone from Photoshop anywhere at all during the wedding times.
Quote: Originally Posted by latricej919 Very nice....Everything looks great. Congrats on your marriage! I love, love, love your TTD photos...Where did you all take them? We started out on the beach at the resort, then the pool (no pictures shown) and then headed to Dunn's River. The photos on the dock were taken on the beach at Dunn's. We did some photos in the falls which I have yet to see! Thanks everyone! I am very pleased with the photos so far!
I too am in a predicament about whether to do the AHR or not. We recently (April 21st, 2009) got married in Jamaica. We originally said no to AHR because we wanted to put that money towards wedding things and have the best wedding down there we could since our guests (26 people) travelled so far. We thought about doing a backyard BBQ but even that was a maybe. However, while the wedding (ceremony) was fantastic, the reception and rest of day were not my "dream" wedding (I haven't done a review yet, but I am working on it). We skimped on things down there to save money that made me unhappy after the time. I was left wanting more. So upon arriving back home, DH said we can do whatever I want (within limits) since he knew I wasn't 100% happy with the reception in Jamaica, I think he was thinking about just a backyard BBQ relatively soon (we even started thinking about menu - Jamaican jerk chicken, appleton rum and rum cake!), but the more I think about guest list, the more I realize my backyard is too small for what I picture! And I don't know if I could wear my dress again in the backyard! (although I really want to wear it again!) So now I'm thinking about going bigger, and more formal. But that comes with a bigger pricetag, which defeats the whole purpose of doing things cheaper down south! I'm a student right now and money is tight. I love BDW but it puts too many thoughts into my head sometimes :S I'm torn.
So I just returned from ROR (wedding was April 21st). I am still in the process of thinking things through for my review, there is quite a few things I would have changed, but overall things went well and everyone (28 guests) had a good time. Here a a link to the FB pics of the non-pro ones that I gathered up from friends so far http://www.facebook.com/album.php?ai...5&l=151f091d38 We took our own photographer with us, and he sent a couple of sneak peek photos that I wanted to share! There are alot more where those came from and I have a feeling it'll be awhile before we see them all because he took so many!
I too am in a predicament about whether to do the AHR or not. We recently (April 21st, 2009) got married in Jamaica. We originally said no to AHR because we wanted to put that money towards wedding things and have the best wedding down there we could since our guests (26 people) travelled so far. We thought about doing a backyard BBQ but even that was a maybe. However, while the wedding (ceremony) was fantastic, the reception and rest of day were not my "dream" wedding (I haven't done a review yet, but I am working on it). We skimped on things down there to save money that made me unhappy after the time. I was left wanting more. So upon arriving back home, DH said we can do whatever I want since he knew I wasn't 100% happy with the reception in Jamaica, I think he was thinking about just a backyard BBQ relatively soon (we even started thinking about menu - Jamaican jerk chicken, appleton rum and rum cake!), but the more I think about guest list, the more I realize my backyard is too small for what I picture! And I don't know if I could wear my dress again in the backyard! (although I really want to wear it again!) So now I'm thinking about going bigger, and more formal. But that comes with a bigger pricetag, which defeats the whole purpose of doing things cheaper down south! I'm torn.
The 16th person free varies by resort AND by carrier. When we were researching resorts some were 1 in 11, 1 in 16, 1 in 21, 1 in 32... The riu's (which I think sunquest is the exclusive carrier in my area) were different based on location. I think the Mexican Riu's required the most number of people for a complementary trip. But at ROR, we got 1 in 16, if we would have got enough Jr. suites booked by a certain time it would have been 1 in 11. But we didn't get it. and we were short 2 people for 2 free trips But one was a help!
nscaper replied to tina82's topic in Post your Destination Wedding & Engagement Pictures!
You both look VERY happy! What package did you have? I like your gazebo decorations with the Birds of Paradise! What time of day did you get married?
Black Tungsten- good or bad??
Fyi Erika J The first few black ones on that page say Tungsten Style Ceramic... So I'd watch that.... I don't know about "Ceramic" but it's not Tungsten.... Quote: Originally Posted by Erika J Hey. My FI is interested in the black tungsten wedding bands, Like this on: Black Tungsten Rings & Bands Our jewler that sold us the E -ring did not seem to have good things to say bout tungsten and had no info on the black tungsten. Does anyone have any info good or bad on black tungsten? Side note: a lot of the websites have lifetime guarantees , so they must "last".
RaydensMama - Can you say where you got it from? I am researching tungsten rings now and utilizing the links given here and I want to make sure if we do go the online route - we do it right!
nscaper replied to EDYTA's topic in Wedding Flowers, decoration, cake, etc.
I just got my proof tonight and these are my flowers! I love them and I don't think I could be happier!


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WarSclerotic
The Iran – Israel |War
« China's Xi Jinping Slams the Door on Taiwanese Appeals for Independence
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Uranium One Means Mueller Must Recuse Himself from Russia Probe
Uranium One Means Mueller Must Recuse Himself from Russia Probe, PJ Media, Roger L Simon, October 18, 2017
(Please see also, How Much Did Mueller and Rosenstein Know about Uranium One? — DM)
(AP Photo/Jeff Chiu)
At the end of their lengthy editorial regarding the new Uranium One revelations — "Team Obama's stunning coverup of Russian crimes" — the New York Post editorial board writes:
Until September 2013, the FBI director was Robert Mueller — who's now the special counsel probing Russian meddling in the 2016 election. It's hard to see how he can be trusted in that job unless he explains what he knew about this Obama-era cover-up.
I'll go the Post one better. Virtually whatever Mueller has to say about his involvement or non-involvement in this metastasizing scandal, he must recuse himself immediately for the most obvious reasons of propriety and appearance. Frankly, it's outrageous that he, Ron Rosenstein, or anyone who even touched the Uranium One investigation now be involved with the current probe — unless the real name of the FBI is actually the NKVD. This is not how a democracy is supposed to work, even remotely. Forget transparency — this was deliberate occlusion.
The collusion Trump & Co have been accused of is chickenfeed compared to twenty percent of U.S. uranium ending up in Putin's hands under the aegis of Barack Obama, Hillary Clinton and Eric Holder, the latter two members of CFIUS (the inter-agency committee that reviews the transfer of U.S. companies to foreign entities and was then chaired by Timothy Geithner). We have heard disturbing allegations of this for some time, via "Clinton Cash" and even from the New York Times, but the new disclosure that a 2009 FBI investigation of this possible nucleardeal uncovered kickbacks, money laundering, and bribes from the Russian company involved (Rosatom) and yet it still was given the go-ahead by the Obama administration is — I can think of no better word — appalling. How could it have come to pass that this occurred? Why are we supposed to believe anyone now?
On Wednesday, Senator Grassley asked Attorney General Jeff Sessions: "What are you doing to find out how the Russian takeover of the American uranium was allowed to occur despite criminal conduct by the Russia company that the Obama administration approved the purchase?"
Evidently, not much. At least so far. In fact Sessions said that Deputy Attorney General Ron Rosenstein, who led this long-hidden investigation, should "investigate himself."
No, Jeff. You may have properly recused yourself from the Russian investigation, despite Trump's criticism, but this one is your job. You run the Department of Justice and therefore the FBI. Something is rotten as much as it ever was in Denmark. Indeed it's worse, since nuclear weapons were not even dreamed of in Hamlet's time. So don't be like Hamlet. Act now.
For starters, Mueller must step down. We cannot have an investigation of this magnitude that half the country will completely disrespect — and for increasingly good reason. History will mock it, also for good reason. On top of that, with our country as split as it is, the results could be catastrophic.
Equally important, the reputation of the FBI must be resuscitated. Speaking entirely as a private citizen, I do no trust the FBI anymore. To be honest, it scares me. And I am certain I am not alone. It feels like an often-biased organization so bent on self-preservation that it hides evidence and lets the powerful off the hook. That's the royal road to totalitarianism. No, it's not the NKVD yet. No one that I know of is being hauled off in the middle of the night. But very few of us know what it is really up to, how it makes its frequently dubious decisions, or whether it is working for the good of the citizenry at all. Almost everything we learn of its investigations is so heavily redacted, no one but one of the myriad leakers seems to know what it means — and they're usually lying. This, as they say, will not end well.
People can dismiss my view by claiming I am a right-wing ideologue, but the problem transcends administrations, as have FBI directors. Something is wrong with the system. No one seems to be watching the watchers, from the FBI to the NSA. Other than Senator Grassley, will anyone have the guts to save us?
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This entry was posted on October 19, 2017 at 5:54 PM and is filed under Attorney General Jeff Sessions, Clinton Cash, Clinton cover ups, Clinton Foundation, FBI, Integrity, Robert Mueller, Uranium One. You can subscribe via RSS 2.0 feed to this post's comments.
Tags: Attorney General Jeff Sessions, Clinton Cash, Clinton cover ups, Clinton Foundation, FBI, Integrity, Robert Mueller, Uranium One


The Guajiros wind a skein between a stick stuck on the ground and their fingers. They support the braid head by anchoring the tied end of the skein to the left big toe. For tightening the structure they push the fell by the big toe of the other foot.
When transferring a loop, however, the palm of the operating hand is turned facing down and take the loops upwards by either the index or small finger called for by the recipes used. This palm position dictates that the loops to be transferred are taken always hooked from above. In the following, therefore, instructions state only which one of the shanks is taken; the upper for 'O' transfers and the lower for those of 'C'.
For this recipe each loop works as one element.
No. of loops: 4 Mount each loop on fingers b and d of both hands.
Step 1: Ra takes ld.
Step 2: Ld takes rb.
Step 3: La takes rd.
Step 4: Rd takes lb.
Shift loops a to b on both hands.
Tighten the structure every other step. Repeat steps 1 to 4.
For this recipe, it doesn't matter which one of the shanks is picked.
This is a combination of two 4-element 2-ridge flat braids.
No. of loops: 4 Mount the loops on both index and ring fingers.
Step 1: Rb goes through rc and takes the upper of la.
Step 2: Lb goes through lc and takes the upper of ra.
Step 5: Shift lb to Lc, and rb to Rc.
Step 5': Insert Lc into lb, and Rc into rb. (Two fingers in a loop.) Then proceed to the latter halves of steps 1 and 2.
No. of loops: 7 Mount the loops on 7 fingers, leaving Rd empty.
Color allotment: MNMN-MNM, MMNN-NMM, MMMM-NNN, etc.
Step 1: Rd takes the upper of la. Shift up the left loops and empty Ld.
Step 2: Ld takes the upper of ra. Shift up the right loops and empty Rd.
Tighten the structure. Repeat steps 1 and 2.
4. Yaliwanasu (2) RATTAIL the 2nd var. 7-loop braid with an unorthodox pattern.
A double-layer combination braid of two 2-ridge 2/4 twill flat braids.
Color allotment: MMMM-NNN, MNMN-MNM etc.
la has been now transferred to Rd. Shift up lb, lc and ld.
ra has been now transferred to Ld. Shift up rb, rc and rd.
5. Yaliwanasu (3) RATTAIL the 3rd var. 7-loop braid with an unorthodox pattern.
A double-layer combination braid of two 2-ridge 1/5 twill flat braids.
No. of loops: 7 Mount the loops on 7 fingers leaving Rd empty.
la gets transferred to Rd. Shift lb, lc and ld.
ra has been transferred to Ld.
Shift rb, rc and rd. Tighten the structure. Repeat Steps 1 and 2.