text:
"Nick Davis" <info@narfindustries.com>

### DARPA performer group

Narf Industries (NRFIN)

## Description

H20 Flow Inc brings you the hottest technology in programmable logic controllers (PLCs) used in the water distribution industry. We know how important it is for your water distrubition PLCs to do exactly what you tell them to do and nothing more. H2FLOW is our latest generation water flow valve controller.

### Feature List

The H2FLOW CB is a simple flow controller that manages the valves for the fill lines of several water tanks, based on commands provided by the intelligent PLC (the remote user).

Each water tank has a defined capacity. Each tank also has a minimum fill level. If the fill level drops below the minimum fill level, an emergency circuit will activate the backup fill pump until the level returns to the minimum fill level. If the fill level drops below 5 units of volume, a critical fill level alarm is raised.

Each water tank has a random rate that water is flowing out of it (drain rate). This simulates periodic water usage by an end user or device.

There are a fixed number of tanks, their ID numbers are sequential starting from 0, the capacities are defined by the TANK\_CAP value, and initial fill level is defined by the INIT\_LEVEL value.

To simulate time and water flowing in and out of tanks, H2FLOW uses a sleep timer. During the sleep timer, the service is simulating execution of all received commands and the filling/emptying of tanks.

Between sleep timers, the service will iterate through the tanks. For each tank, it will send the remote user the tank status and then accept a command to apply to the valves for that tank.

During each iteration, the drain and fill functions will remove water from tanks based on a random outflow rate and add water to tanks based on valve position and a fixed inflow rate. Finally, each tank will be tested for under fill.

H2FLOW has a very simple protocol. It accepts the following commands:
- OPEN\_VALVE           : open fill valve
- CLOSE\_VALVE          : close fill valve
- NO\_CHANGE            : no valve changes
- SET\_IN\_SERVICE      : for a tank that is OUT\_OF\_SERVICE, set the fill rate and allow tank to supply water to users
- SET\_OUT\_OF\_SERVICE : close input valve, set fill\_rate and drain\_rate to 0
- SET\_END\_OF\_LIFE    : same as SET\_OUT\_OF\_SERVICE, but is permanant

## Vulnerability

Two things need to happen to trigger the POV.

First, a tank needs to be filled beyond capacity. Due to the tank level being an unsigned char, when it reach 255, the next unit of H2O added will cause the value to overflow to 0. The function tank.c:add_water() does not check the bounds on t->level to prevent overflow.

Second, after both the combined fill and drain operation, the level of the tank must be in the range [0-5]. This will ensure the test for critically low level at operation.c:88 returns TRUE. Note, the update\_water\_levels function (drain and fill operations) is run before the low level tests are run. Thus, it is required for the drain + fill to cause a net int overflow. Also, it is possible for the int overflow to overflow to a level greater than 5, resulting in a value that is not in the range [0-5], and thus will not trigger the critical low level alert.

When the syslog function is called in operation.c:93, the tank number variable access has a coding mistake where the array index is the TANK\_QTY, instead of idx, which causes an out of bounds access and a null pointer dereference. This will trigger SIGSEGV.

### Generic class of vulnerability

Null pointer dereference

Improper checking of loop invariant

Improper array bounds checking

Integer Overflow

Access memory beyond buffer

### CWE classification

Improper Input Validation
CWE-20

Wrap-around Error
CWE-128

Improper Validation of Array Index
CWE-129

Integer Overflow or Wraparound
CWE-190

Access of Memory Location After End of Buffer
CWE-788

Buffer Access with Incorrect Length Value
CWE-805

Access of Uninitialized Pointer
CWE-824

## Challenges
* The protocol is pretty simple, but the first hurdle is to know that the tanks all start in the OUT\_OF\_SERVICE status. So, continued communication with the CB requires the first commands to be SET\_IN\_SERVICE to place tanks in service. After that, some of the other commands will work. A dumb random fuzzer will have problems with this because the order of commands used on a given tank matters.

* To make the POV harder to exploit, the sleep() function is run once per iteration through the tanks. This makes the POV harder to exploit, because sending random commands will eventually trigger the poller timeout before it will have enough time to overflow the tank level and trigger the POV. The sleep value was chosen specifically to make so it is only possible to overflow the tank level if sending the first command as SET\_IN\_SERVICE followed by OPEN\_VALVE for every subsequent iteration. Other sequences have a high probability of ending due to timeout before they can fill the tank. To get N iterations in 15 seconds, want a sleep of 15/N. In testing we found the following results:
** with fill_rate 10, it takes 39 iterations -> sleep 15/39 = .385s
** with fill_rate 11, it takes 33 iterations -> sleep 15/33 = .454s
** will fill_rate 12, it takes 26 iterations -> sleep 15/26 = .577s
** with fill_rate 15, it takes 17 iterations -> sleep 15/17 = .882s

* Additionally, to make the POV harder to reach by fuzzing, we added commands that place the tank either out-of-service or in an end-of-life state. When the tank is in the end-of-life state it can no longer be brought back into service. When the tank is in the out-of-service state, it requires the SET\_IN\_SERVICE command to bring it back into service.

* One more thing that makes this more challenging is the lack of for-release pollers. This series of challenges should help to show distinctions between how CRS's use fuzzing.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
What is that Smiley Face Doing in your WordPress Footer?
Designing a website is tedious, and there's nothing more frustrating than finally finishing up and then noticing something out of place. The WordPress smiley is just that sort of thing – a teeny, tiny smiley face that came out of nowhere and is now taunting you. Here it is, the fiend (I included other elements of my website and desktop in this screenshot to help show the scale of the smiley face):
That smiley is so small that I didn't see it even when I purposely went to look for it. However, it's the kind of thing that you can't un-see once you've seen it – like an itsy bitsy, adorable horror movie scene. If it's driving you nuts or you think it makes your website look unprofessional, we can get rid of it.
Note that you may only be able to see the smiley if you're logged out of WordPress. If you think it's there but you can't find it, make sure you're logged out, then refresh the web page and check again.
Where Does the Smiley Come From?
Ahh, the question of the hour. You may see the WordPress stats smiley if you use Jetpack or the defunct WordPress.com Stats plugin . Both plugins insert the WordPress footer smiley in order to effectively run site stats and to show you that it's working. The image has to load in order to track your stats, but you can still hide it.
Jetpack and the WordPress Smiley
Jetpack comes pre-installed with your WordPress website, and it has all sorts of functions to pick and choose from. One of Jetpack's features is Site Stats. You may not use most of Jetpack, but for some users, it's worth it for the stats feature alone. You can disable the features you don't want to use so they don't get in your way.
Site Stats is like a diluted type of Google Analytics, and you can view everything right from your WordPress dashboard. You can see information like keyword searches, page views and traffic. The way you know Site Stats is working is thanks to that little smiley face.
Source: Jetpack.com
How to Get Rid of the WordPress Smiley in Jetpack
Getting rid of the WordPress smiley in Jetpack couldn't be easier. If you have Jetpack version 3.1 or later, the smiley shouldn't even be on by default.
Login to your website, hover over Jetpack in the left-hand menu and then choose Site Stats from the menu that automatically pops up.
Next, click the "Configure" link at the top of the page.
About halfway down the page, you'll see the "Smiley" heading. To the right are a checkbox and an option to hide the smiley. Click the checkbox, then click "Save configuration" at the bottom of the page. This section also reiterates the point that you technically need the smiley, but hiding it (instead of getting rid of it entirely) will be just fine.
Log out of WordPress and then go to your website. The smiley face should be gone:
If it's not, clear your cache and reload the page, or open up a different browser (Chrome if you usually use Safari, for example) and check it there.
To toggle the smiley on, follow these same steps and just uncheck the checkbox when you get to the Configure screen. When you're just starting to use Jetpack Site Stats, you may want to keep the smiley face enabled for a couple of weeks to make sure it's running properly.
WordPress.com Stats Plugin and the WordPress Smiley
A note on the WordPress.com Stats plugin page says it was closed on March 30, 2019, and that it can no longer be downloaded. Since the plugin has merged with Jetpack, this section is strictly for those who are still using the original plugin – you shouldn't be, but in case you are, these CSS changes will help you get rid of the smiley the right way.
Since the merge with Jetpack, there's no way to upgrade the original plugin, which means its ineffective and unsafe to use at this point. If you continue to use WordPress.com Stats, it may not function properly now or in the future because it won't get updates. If you're still using the plugin, you're encouraged to switch over to Jetpack.
Hide the Smiley, Don't Delete It
The nice thing about the Jetpack smiley on/off checkbox is that it correctly hides the smiley without deleting it entirely. With the old plugin, though, you have to make CSS changes to hide the smiley.
Don't use display:none.
In order to display the stats, the image still has to load, so you don't want to use a code that will get rid of the image completely. (You also don't want to use the WP Stats Smiley Remover plugin , because it'll add the display:none CSS.)
Instead, find this code on the stylesheet:
img#wpstats{width:0px;height:0px;overflow:hidden}
img#wpstats{visibility:hidden}
By using visibility:hidden instead of display:none, the smiley will still be able to load and take up space, you just won't be able to see it.
Get Rid of the Gray Bar
Depending on the layout of your website, you may notice a light gray bar in the footer after adding the new code. Even though the smiley isn't showing, its background color is. This code should take care of that:
img#wpstats{position:absolute;top:0;width:0px;height:0px;overflow:hidden}
Wrapping Up, Smiley-Free
When you're deep in the web design vortex, there's nothing worse than seeing something you don't want there but have no idea how to remove. Irregularities can also make you think you've been hacked – is that smiley face truly happy or is that, like, a "got you" evil smile? This anomaly at least has a simple explanation and a quick fix. That's much different from what the smiley reminds me of, which is the sad Mac – remember that? Terrifying.
Did this little hack leave you wanting more? Here are 11 online places to learn WordPress inside and out .
The post What is that Smiley Face Doing in your WordPress Footer? appeared first on Elegant Themes Blog .
How to Design a Welcome Gate for Your Page in Divi
Hotjar Heatmap Analytics: An Overview and Review
How to Get More LinkedIn Engagement and Clicks
How to Automate Personalized Video Messages via Facebook Ads
12 Social Media Marketing Predictions From the Pros
How to Use Instagram to Generate Organic Leads
How to Optimize Your Sidebar on Mobile Using the Divi Theme Builder
Using Psychographics to Improve Marketing Techniques
How to Improve Your YouTube Video Views
How to Add Sticky Sidebar CTAs to a Blog Post Template in Divi
Ask the Egghead
About Ask the Egghead
Ask the Egghead is a full service WordPress web design and development agency. An Egghead will help you develop ideas and projects, transform your organization, and grow your business.
Designed by The Egghead © 2016-2019 Ask the Egghead, Inc.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Inspiration4 (stylized as Inspirati④n) was a 2021 human spaceflight operated by SpaceX on behalf of Shift4 Payments CEO Jared Isaacman. The mission launched the Crew Dragon Resilience on 16 September 2021 at 00:02:56 UTC from Kennedy Space Center's Launch Complex 39A atop a Falcon 9 launch vehicle. It placed the Dragon capsule into low Earth orbit, and the mission ended on 18 September 2021 at 23:06:49 UTC, when Resilience splashed down in the Atlantic Ocean.

The trip was the first orbital spaceflight with only private citizens aboard and was part of a charitable effort on behalf of St. Jude's in Memphis, Tennessee.  Isaacman was named mission commander. The hospital selected two commercial astronauts: Hayley Arceneaux and Christopher Sembroski. Shift4 selected Sian Proctor who was named pilot.

The mission overlapped with the 55th anniversary of Gemini 11, which in September 1966 had an apogee of approximately , the highest Earth orbit ever reached on a crewed flight. The Inspiration4 flight reached an orbital altitude of approximately , the highest achieved since STS-103 in 1999 and the fifth-highest Earth orbital human spaceflight overall. By comparison, the International Space Station is at . It concluded with the first crewed splashdown in the Atlantic Ocean since Apollo 9 in 1969.

Trip and crew

Inspiration4 was the first human spaceflight to orbit Earth with only private citizens on board. The trip promoted and raised money for St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. The crew and trip intended to raise upwards of US$100 million to expand St. Jude's childhood cancer research. Isaacman and his wife, Monica, personally donated US$125 million to the hospital, and contributions by SpaceX founder Elon Musk (US$55 million) and many others ultimately raised the total given to St. Jude to more than US$243 million, far more than initial target amount.

Inspiration4 was led by Shift4 Payments CEO Jared Isaacman, an experienced pilot with qualification in military jets. Isaacman procured the flight and its four seats from SpaceX and donated two of the seats to St. Jude. Hayley Arceneaux, a physician assistant at the hospital and a survivor of bone cancer, was selected by the hospital to board the flight. St. Jude raffled the second seat as part of a successful campaign to raise US$200 million for the hospital, termed St. Jude Mission: Inspired. A raffle draw competition was held, in which entrants needed to be a US citizen and had to donate a significant amount of money between US$10 to US$10,000. Kyle Hippchen, from Embry–Riddle Aeronautical University, donated US$600 and ultimately won the raffle but decided to give the seat to his friend, U.S. Air Force veteran Christopher Sembroski, who had also entered the raffle by donating US$50, due to being over the allowed weight limit. Entrepreneur Sian Proctor was selected by Shift4 Payments to board the flight through a competition modeled after Shark Tank that rewarded the best business idea to make use of Shift4's commerce solutions. The panelists in the competition included Salesforce CEO Marc Benioff, Fast Company editor Stephanie Mehta, former NASA engineer Mark Rober and Bar Rescue host Jon Taffer.

Resilience was the first spacecraft to orbit with an all-rookie crew since Shenzhou 7 in 2008. The last time NASA launched an all-rookie orbital crew was STS-2 in 1981.

All four received commercial astronaut training by SpaceX. The training included lessons in orbital mechanics, operating in a microgravity environment, stress testing, emergency-preparedness training and mission simulations. Afterwards, on 25 September 2021, CNN reported that an alarm had sounded during the journey, and was found to be associated with an apparent toilet malfunction.

Spacecraft

The Inspiration4 mission was the second flight of Resilience, following its use for Crew-1. It also marked the fourth crewed flight of a Crew Dragon. The spacecraft's docking adapter, normally used to dock with the International Space Station, was replaced for this mission by a single monolithic multi-layer domed plexiglass window inspired by the Cupola module, allowing 360° views outside Resiliences nose from space. The cupola was protected during launch and re-entry by the spacecraft's retractable nosecone, which also housed a custom camera enabling photography of the vehicle's interior and exterior during flight. The cupola is removable so that Resilience can easily be reconfigured for missions in the future that require docking. Four Draco thrusters located on the spacecraft's nose necessitated the installation of four heat shield tiles on the cupola's exterior, which protected the plexiglass dome from engine exhaust during propulsive maneuvers.

Flight

Resilience launched on 16 September 2021 at 00:02:56 UTC (15 September 2021 at 20:02:56 EDT) atop Falcon 9 Block 5 booster B1062 from Kennedy Space Center's Launch Complex 39A. It was the third flight of this booster. The spacecraft was launched into an inclination of 51.6°. With Resilience in orbit, three Dragon spacecraft were simultaneously orbiting Earth, as Endeavour flies the Crew-2 mission and C208 flies the CRS-23 mission. Inspiration4 was the first crewed orbital spaceflight since STS-125 in 2009 to not visit a space station.

Each crew member was assigned an individual call sign for communications. Isaacman's call sign was "Rook", Proctor's was "Leo", Arceneaux's was "Nova" and Sembroski's was "Hanks."

As the second stage engine of SpaceX's Falcon 9 rocket cut off, Arceneaux reached into a pouch strapped to her leg and pulled out a plush toy dog that represents the therapy dogs employed by St. Jude. The toy, attached to a tether, began to float above Arceneaux's head and in doing so fulfilled its purpose as the Inspiration4 mission's "zero-g indicator". Hanging in the air, it provided a visual signal to Arceneaux and her three crewmates that they were now in the microgravity environment of outer space after reaching Earth orbit on 16 September 2021.

The mission planned to include ultrasounds, microbe samples and a variety of in-flight health experiments (measure fluid shifts, record ECG activity, blood oxygen levels, heart rates, etc.) on the human bodies of ordinary citizens who have not been previously carefully screened and exhaustively trained as professional astronauts. The study of the effects of spaceflight on human health and performance was done in collaboration with SpaceX, the Translational Research Institute for Space Health (TRISH) at Baylor College of Medicine and investigators at Weill Cornell Medicine. During the journey, an alarm had sounded, and was found to be associated with an apparent toilet malfunction.

On 18 September 2021, at 23:06:49 UTC, Resilience splashed down in the Atlantic Ocean north of Cape Canaveral and was picked up by recovery ship GO Searcher roughly forty minutes afterward. Arceneaux was first to exit the spacecraft, followed by Proctor, Sembroski and Isaacman.

Orbital altitude

The flight plan aimed for an altitude of at least , and reached an altitude of , a height surpassing STS-48 in 1991 which had an apogee of , and the highest crewed spaceflight since STS-103 in 1999 with an apogee of . STS-31, the launch of the Hubble Space Telescope, at  was the highest of the Space Shuttle program and third highest ever behind only two missions of the Gemini Program, Gemini 10 and Gemini 11 in 1966 with apogees of  and , respectively, making Inspiration4 the fifth highest Earth orbital crewed spaceflight in history; only 10 Apollo launches went beyond Earth's orbit. Achieving this altitude exposed the craft and crew to different radiation levels than those found on the International Space Station. The investigation of the effects of spaceflight on human health and performance was done in collaboration with SpaceX, the Translational Research Institute for Space Health (TRISH) at Baylor College of Medicine, and investigators at Weill Cornell Medicine.

Inspiration4 orbited at this altitude for two days and then lowered its altitude to about  which it kept during the final day of the mission, in preparation for the re-entry and landing.<ref>{{cite tweet|number=1439243789269352454|user=planet4589|title=Latest TLEs for Insp4 show it in a 360 x 369 km x 51.6 deg orbit following yesterday evenings orbit lowering burns|date=18 September 2021}}</ref>

 Media coverage
Media coverage of the mission has been widely positive, noting its charitable focus, duration and altitude achieved. The mission was documented as it happened in a five-episode docuseries entitled Countdown: Inspiration4 Mission to Space'', released on the subscription streaming service Netflix in September 2021.

See also

 Space tourism
 Axiom Mission 1
 Space Adventures Crew Dragon mission
 Polaris program
 List of fully civilian crewed orbital spaceflights

Notes

References

External links

 Countdown: Inspiration4 Mission to Space (Netflix documentary)

2021 in the United States
Orbital space tourism missions
Spacecraft launched in 2021
SpaceX Dragon 2
SpaceX human spaceflights
Spacecraft which reentered in 2021
Space tourists
Fully civilian crewed orbital spaceflights

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Help with proof involving field axioms of real numbers I need help with this proof.
If $a\ne0$ then $(a^{-1})^{-1}=a$
Which axiom do I use and what is $(a^{-1})^{-1}$ equal to.
I tried this but I'm stuck $(a^{-1})^{-1}=(\frac{1}{a})^{-1}$ What comes next?
Thanks a lot in advance!

A: The notation $a^{-1}$ is used to denote the unique element $b\in F$ such that $a\cdot b=b\cdot a=1$ (you should have an "axiom of multiplicative inverse" to this effect). Note the symmetry here, $a$ plays thge same role for $b$ that $b$ plays for $a$. In other words, we immediately get that $a=b^{-1}=(a^{-1})^{-1}$.

A: To show that an element is the inverse of anouther, we need to show that when we multiply them together we get the identity.
First, observe $a^{-1}*a=e$, by the definition of $a^{-1}$.
Similarly $a*a^{-1}=e$
And hence $a$ is the inverse element for $a^{-1}$, as required.

A: For any b |=0 , b^-1 = the unique c satisfying cb =1 ,the field axioms guarantee that there is exactly one such c . So if you locate a c satisfying cb = 1 then you may conclude that b^-1 = c . Also by the definition , b^-1 = this c, that is b (b^-1)b=1`. Also multiplication is commutative in a field so also b(b^-1)=1
Well now you are given that  a(a^-1)=1  .  So you have located for b =a^-1  the required c,namely c=a . So conclude that (a^-1^-1 =a .
A text or  an exam solution would just say tersely : Since we are given a(a^-1)=1 we have by definition of inverse that (a*-1)^-1 = a . Hope this helps smn

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Over 2.5 acres in The Farm Subdivision. Located in "the Willows" with a small private pond on your lot. Maple trees abound on this walk out lot. Situated in a Cul de sac. Min 1900 sq. ft. Ranch or 2100 sq. ft. two story. Great country subdivision with large lots in Middlebury School System.


text:
THE THREE SERVICES
Figure 12. Growth of the Armed Forces, 1973-87
Source: Based on information from The Military Balance, London, 1973-88.
Figure 13. Officer Ranks and Insignia, 1988
Figure 14. Enlisted Ranks and Insignia, 1988
The army is the dominant service in Bangladesh. Because of its historic role in influencing civilian governments and taking over the administration of the country, the army is also a critical political institution (see Armed Forces and Society , this ch.; Political Dynamics , ch. 4).
Starting with a nucleus of Bengali deserters from the Pakistan Army-- paramilitary personnel, police, and civilians who had fought with the Mukti Bahini--the Bangladesh Army has expanded considerably although erratically since its formation on December 26, 1971. Between 1973 and 1975, the army absorbed many of the 28,000 personnel who had been detained in Pakistani jails for the duration of the war of independence. Following the 1975 coup, additional personnel were absorbed into the regular army when the martial law government abolished the Jatiyo Rakkhi Bahini (see Postindependence Period , this ch.). Under Zia's rule, army expansion slowed, in part because of his campaign to purge mutinous elements and collaborators from the ranks. When Ershad assumed power in 1982, army strength had stabilized at about 70,000 troops. Starting in 1985, Ershad accelerated the transition from martial law to elected civilian government. The army then experienced another spurt in growth. As of mid-1988, it had about 90,000 troops (although some observers believed the number was closer to 80,000), triple the 1975 figure (see fig. 12).
Zia reorganized the army following the military upheavals of the mid-1970s, in part to prevent coups and jawan uprisings. Under Zia's program, the reorganization was intended to neutralize rival factions of freedom fighters and repatriates. Bangladesh was divided into five military regions. The army--cooperating with civilian authorities while maintaining autonomy--preserved internal security and resisted possible Indian domination. Divisions coordinated their operations with paramilitary groups in their respective areas of command, and they mobilized mass support of the government.
The army in 1988 was divided into six strategically located divisions. The location of these divisions' headquarters, five of which were formerly brigade headquarters, underscored the army's primary mission of internal security rather than defense against external threats. The most powerful and prestigious commands were the Ninth Infantry Division, headquartered at Savar on the outskirts of Dhaka, and the Twenty-fourth Infantry Division, headquartered in the city of Chittagong. Elements of both divisions have been involved extensively in the military upheavals that have plagued Bangladesh since independence (see Restoration of Military Rule, 1975-77 , ch. 1). Although the Ninth Infantry Division has an armor regiment, the Twenty-fourth Infantry Division does not. The Ninth Infantry Division has played a central role in staging coups and maintaining military governments once they were in power. According to one observer of the Bangladesh Army, "the role of the Savar division would be crucial in any military coup." The Twenty- fourth Infantry Division, with four brigades, has conducted counterinsurgency operations against tribal guerrillas in the Chittagong Hills since the late 1970s. The army garrison at Chittagong was the site of the coup of May 30, 1981, that resulted in Zia's murder. Other infantry divisions were headquartered at Jessore (the Fifty-fifth), Bogra (the Eleventh), and Comilla (the Thirty-third). Each of these divisions has an armor regiment. In April 1988, a sixth infantry division (the Sixty-sixth) was formally established with headquarters at Rangpur, and plans were in place to raise its armor regiment. The major generals who commanded the six divisions, along with the army chief of staff, formed the center of power within the army and, by extension, within the government, in the late 1980s.
Army formations subordinate to the six division headquarters included fifteen infantry brigades, four armor regiments, nine artillery regiments, six engineering battalions, and various support elements, such as signals, medical services, and ordnance. In addition to the six division headquarters, major army cantonments (barracks and housing areas that serve as the focal point of army life) were at Saidpur, Tangail, Khulna, Jalalabad, and elsewhere. The army also has a small fixed-wing regiment stationed in Dhaka. Army units are not known to operate with the navy in an amphibious assault capacity, although an amphibious assault map exercise is done at the staff college. The army's lack of bridging equipment was a severe liability, especially for its armor regiments. Unlike armies in Pakistan and India, the Bangladesh Army did not have a specially designated "para" (airborne assault) brigade but in 1988 was planning to develop such a capability. In mid-1988 the army reportedly was planning to raise a seventh infantry division to be held in reserve.
The army adopted and has retained the British Indian Army system of ranks. As of mid-1988, Lieutenant General Atiqur Rahman, the army chief of staff, was the only three-star general in the army. Immediately below him were twenty-one two-star generals, eighteen of whom were from the more prestigious combat arms (fourteen of the generals were infantry officers). The remaining officers ranged in rank from brigadier to newly commissioned second lieutenants. Between the commissioned officers and the enlisted ranks is a separate category of junior commissioned officers (JCOs), who act as a bridge between the officers and their troops. Borrowed from the colonial commissioned officer system of the British Indian Army, JCOs are roughly equivalent to United States Army warrant officers (although few JCOs are technical specialists). JCOs are selected from noncommissioned officer ranks and advance through a three-tier ranking system (naib subedar, subedar, and subedar major). At the bottom of the hierarchy are the jawans, or common soldiers, who make up the bulk of the army (see fig. 13; fig. 14).
Recruitment into the all-volunteer army is open to all male citizens of Bangladesh. There are no restrictions based on religious or ethnic affiliation, though the army is composed almost entirely of Bangla-speaking Sunni Muslims. The language of the military is Bangla. All officers are required to have at least a working knowledge of English. Army officer recruits must be between the ages of seventeen and twenty-one. Before 1980 the maximum age for both officer and enlisted recruits who had fought in the war of independence as civilian irregulars was twenty-three years. With the aging of the liberation generation, however, the army discontinued preferential recruitment of freedom fighters.
Officer candidates must be unmarried and have a high school diploma or the equivalent. The minimum height requirement is 160 centimeters; the minimum weight is 49.8 kilograms. Promising candidates attend a two-year officer training course at the Bangladesh Military Academy at Bhatiary, near Chittagong. After successful completion of the course, graduates receive commissions in the army as second lieutenants. The academy graduated its first class in 1977. Advanced military training is offered at the Defence Services Command and Staff College, founded in Dhaka in 1977. Attendance at the staff college is a preferential assignment for mid-career officers. In addition, the army operates a number of combat schools, such as the School of Infantry and Tactics in Sylhet. The only advanced training beyond the staff college point is in foreign military schools, primarily in the United States or Britain. These choice assignments are reserved for a few select officers. An officer usually serves from fifteen to twenty-five years, after which he is eligible to receive a pension, as well as perquisites such as preferential hiring in the civil service, reduced-price housing, and free land on or near military cantonments.
Military pay and allowances are fixed by the National Pay Commission into ten grades with a total of seventeen steps, or pay scales. Nevertheless, the range in pay between the upper and lower strata of the officer corps remained basically the same in 1988 as in earlier years.
The army's armor regiments in the mid-1980s were equipped with Type 59, Type 54/55, and, its most recent acquisition, Type 62 light tanks (not to be confused with Soviet Type 62 medium tanks). The Type 59 main battle tank and Type 62 light tanks were supplied directly by China. Details regarding the terms of purchase, the training of Bangladeshi tank crews, and maintenance arrangements were never publicized. Following the series of coups and mutinies that erupted between 1975 and 1977, Zia removed the army's tanks from Dhaka in order to guard against further coups. The appearance of Type 59 and Type 62 tanks at the Victory Day parade in Dhaka in 1987, however, marked the first time that any tanks had appeared in a Victory Day parade and suggested that tanks may again be deployed in the vicinity of the capital. Other army weapons included 105mm and 122mm howitzers, 60mm and 120mm mortars, and 57mm, 76mm, and 106mm antitank weapons. The weapons had been acquired from a variety of sources, including as spoils of war from the Pakistan Army.


text:
5 ways Node.js changes the rules of app development
VB Staff	 June 22, 2016 7:45 AM
This sponsored post is produced in association with NodeSource.
The adoption of Node.js is being driven by the need to reduce the time-to-market for applications. Greater agility and reduced labor costs lead to more rapid development so companies can react to today's fast-changing commercial landscapes. Node.js uses JavaScript, one of the most popular programming languages today, meaning Node is within easy reach of a huge population of developers.
The rules of application development are changing. Here's how:
1. Modular design
Consider the experience of PayPal which engaged in parallel development of a new application in which one team was using Java and another was using Node.js.
According to Jeff Harrell, Director of Engineering and Chief Architect at PayPal, the Node.js-built app needed 33 percent fewer lines of code, handled double the number of requests per second, and shortened response time by 35 percent compared to the Java version.
The Node team completed their project in two months while the Java team was still trying to finish up after eight months. Also, the Node team was made up of two developers while the Java team numbered 20.
PayPal used Node.js to modernize a monolithic application environment burdened by a massive code base. It began by redesigning existing Java services using Node.js. In doing so, PayPal directly addressed the rigidity imposed on its business and has enabled it to continue to innovate rapidly and continue to adapt the services to its needs.
Java application development frameworks have encouraged building of large monolithic applications. While this was the established best practice 15 years ago, today, modular, service-oriented architectures are considered better approaches to deal with complex software that exists within complex business environments.
PayPal used Node.js to drive modularity into its software development processes. Node.js encourages modular design and enables it through its ecosystem and tooling. One of the key decisions PayPal made early on was to have an internal package registry in Node.js to manage code internally and enable teams to collaborate more effectively.
Because each module delivers specific functionality that can be easily shared across teams and across applications, Node.js enables faster app development and better team collaboration.
2. Ecosystem
The modular design of Node.js code creates a rich ecosystem that you can build on while developing applications.
The Node.js ecosystem combines the work of low-level systems programmers and front-end JavaScript developers to enable server-side development.
There are many dependencies within the Node.js ecosystem that make it easier to adapt, incorporate, and share.
The package registry for Node.js code, npm, is the largest package ecosystem ever. There are nearly 300,000 packages according to modulecounts.com — more than 300 new packages added daily, which is three times more than any other ecosystem.
With modular design and such a large ecosystem to work with, Node.js developers enjoy increased collaboration. Java's tendency to create large monolithic systems and deep alliance with Object Oriented programming make sharing discrete functional components difficult. When code is shared in Java, it's typically in the form of large libraries. Node.js makes building applications easier and faster with smaller, more focused components that teams company-wide can collaborate on together to produce. These components have specific functionality that's more easily shared across teams and applications.
Universal JavaScript — AKA Isomorphic JavaScript — is the practice of sharing JavaScript code across both frontend and backend Node.js code. This creates new ways to collaborate and allows for more efficient use of time and effort by teams.
4. Time to market
To understand how a Node project can bring developers, operations teams, and executives together to shorten the time to market for a new app, you could refer to the PayPal example above. Fewer lines of code, modular design, and cross-organizational collaboration all contribute to accelerated time to market.
At Yahoo, Reid Burke shared at Node Summit how Node.js enabled teams of developers to ship fully functional, production-ready Node.js applications in just 30 days by leveraging modular design with small modules and an internal registry to collaborate more effectively.
The dynamic nature of JavaScript allows teams at PayPal, Yahoo, and Netflix to iterate faster and deliver solutions to market more rapidly. This means teams can develop, test, build, and deploy new services and new user experiences to keep pace with customer needs.
5. Operating costs
Because Node.js makes it easier to create software applications, it also makes it easier to cost-effectively operate them.
Companies deploying Node apps report that they typically require significantly less compute power to host them and that Node.js leaves a significantly smaller footprint in their IT environment than systems built with Java. A typical Java installation will sit on a server with 32 cores and 64GBs of RAM. On that same hardware, up to 32 instances of a Node.js app can be run.
Node.js easily maps to modern cloud environments, enabling operations teams to have a near one-to-one relationship between compute resources and servers. Java servers, by comparison, are typically heavily over-provisioned to compensate for high variances of resource usage.
Node helped Netflix build upon the existing savings of cloud computing. The company now uses just one-quarter of the Amazon EC2 cloud instances on Node compared to Java. Better yet, it served the same number of subscribers but delivered lower latency rates.
"We have improved performance and reduced infrastructure costs with Node," said Yunong Xiao, Node.js Platform Architect at Netflix.
Because Node.js teams build apps faster, it reduces total labor costs. In the PayPal example earlier, the company had just two Node app developers versus as many as 20 on Java. So not only are fewer developers needed per Node project, the projects are completed faster than on Java.
The Node Community
For those new to Node, understand that it enjoys solid community support from the vendor neutral Node.js Foundation and companies focused on commercial Node.js products and support like NodeSource. The NodeSource product portfolio includes N|Solid, for live instrumentation of your production environment without changing your application code, enabling improved insight and productivity for teams building Node.js applications at scale.
NodeSource — along with Joyent and StrongLoop — are to Node.js what Red Hat is to Linux, Cloudera and HortonWorks are to Hadoop, and Datastax is to Cassandra. These vendors help ensure companies have the products and support they need to solve issues and make Node.js initiatives succeed.
Dig Deeper: Learn more about Node.js at NodeSource.
Sponsored posts are content that has been produced by a company that is either paying for the post or has a business relationship with VentureBeat, and they're always clearly marked. The content of news stories produced by our editorial team is never influenced by advertisers or sponsors in any way. For more information, contact sales@venturebeat.com.


Are you tired of your city's traffic congestion? It's understandable. We spend hours and hours stuck in traffic and we all know that time equals money. So, it's no surprise why an increasing number of drivers decide to dump their car and ride their bicycle to get to work. Besides saving time and money, this habit can also bring important benefits to your health by boosting your good shape and immune system.
Yet, like any other aspect, cycling has both pros and cons and when it comes to the latter we refer to the accident risks this activity poses.
When you're out there riding your bike, you automatically share the same roads with countless drivers and the possibility to collide with a reckless one is always present. Therefore, you should make sure you're well equipped and aware of the safety measures that will mitigate accident risks. Find out more in this infographic.


EMDR therapy side effects – As with anything and everything in life, there is always a side effect, but in the case of this particular psychotherapy, there is not much to talk about.
According to the EMDR Institute, "EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a psychotherapy that enables people to heal from the symptoms and emotional distress that are the result of disturbing life experiences." Repeated studies show that by using EMDR therapy people can experience the benefits of psychotherapy that once took years to make a difference. It is widely assumed that severe emotional pain requires a long time to heal.
EMDR therapy shows that the mind can, in fact, heal from psychological trauma much as the body recovers from physical trauma. When you cut your hand, your body works to close the wound. If a foreign object or repeated injury irritates the wound, it festers and causes pain. Once the block is removed, healing resumes. EMDR therapy demonstrates that a similar sequence of events occurs with mental processes. The brain's information processing system naturally moves toward mental health.
If the processing system is blocked or imbalanced by the impact of a disturbing event, the emotional wound festers and can cause intense suffering. Once the block is removed, healing resumes. Using the detailed protocols and procedures learned in EMDR training sessions, clinicians help clients activate their natural healing processes.
natural part of the treatment process. Rather than calling it a "side effect," this could be considered a part of the main effect, leading to desensitizing and reprocessing of the root cause of the memories. Some unexpected results may occur during or after therapy that was not part of the plan, reactions like having a high level of sensitivity or emotions or some physical sensations. By this time in the treatment process, much work was done to prepare you for this possibility. Plus, your therapist will help you handle whatever comes up during the session.
Subsequent to the treatment session, the processing of incidents/material may continue, and other dreams, memories feelings, etc., may emerge. If this should become too much for you to handle on your own, you are welcome to call your therapist, who will help you. After speaking with a certain EMDR therapist, I was told that the stages involve taking the patient to his/her happy place before embarking on the treatment. It's also been noted that some patients could not be treated with this reprocessing technique, which so far has a low percentage rate. That would not surprise me as I know every form of medication in life has its pros and cons, which in turn has side effects. The journey to resolve PTSD and/or abusive memory is just beginning and I can't wait to see how well it will develop.
This entry was posted on Wednesday, July 25th, 2018 at 6:21 pm	and is filed under EMDR, Therapy. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Responses are currently closed, but you can trackback from your own site.


Death is bound to everyone.
There's no point in life.
Heavy, man. Just… wow. Note to self: give daughter a good long hug.
Add your own goth haiku in the comment thread. See if you can out-goth a 12-year-old. I dare you.
Thanks to its location in the house and its inherent poor air circulation, in summer (or late spring, whose heat and humidity makes it feel like summer), my office is regularly ten to fifteen degrees hotter than the rest of the house and, sometimes, hotter than it is outdoors. As it is currently 90 degrees outside (at 7:53pm), these are not optimal work conditions. So yesterday I performed my annual ritual of dragging my window-seated air conditioner out of the basement and hauling it back up into my office. Now my office is a constant and entirely tolerable 75 degrees at all times. I keep the thing on "Energy Saver" mode at all times to be ecologically friendly but I have to admit at a certain point I just don't want to sweat while I type. I'm a bad green person that way. I plan to recycle extra hard through September to make up for it.
Since it's a topic of discussion these days.
Scenario: You've just done something physically and/or emotionally intimate with another consenting adult human being who is not your spouse/partner.
So, gonna tell your partner?
If the answer is "b," then there's a really excellent chance you're cheating.
"Cheating" is not about whether you've physically met someone, whether they're in the same room with you, the levels of dress you or they are wearing, or whether what you're doing with them can be quantified on a baseball diamond. Cheating is allowing another person into a level of intimacy your partner expects to be theirs alone. That level of intimacy is not uniform from person to person. There is no guarantee that your partner's expected level of intimacy will be entirely congenial to you; in that respect what qualifies as "cheating" is not up to you.
Most people get that. Most people also don't want to hurt their partner and/or don't want to get caught doing something they know their partner will consider cheating. Which is why any other response than an unqualified "yes" to telling your partner about an intimate encounter with another consenting adult human being is a good first indicator you've just done yourself some cheating.
Note that in my formulation, what anyone else other than your partner thinks is cheating (or not) is immaterial, because those other people are not in the same relationship you are with your partner. Friends/family/workmates/strangers may choose to think you're a cheating horndog; they may choose to think your partner is being entirely unreasonable about what constitutes "cheating"; they may think you both are idiots. They can have any opinion they want. They can also go fly a kite. In the end, the opinion you need to be concerned about is your partner's.
If you're not an idiot (or brand new to the relationship), then you probably should have a good idea what constitutes "cheating" in your relationship. If you don't know (and aren't content with being branded an idiot), you should probably ask. It will be a clarifying discussion, if nothing else. If you don't want to ask, a) you're an idiot, and b) here's a tip: if you ever find yourself in a situation where you ask yourself, "this thing I'm doing, it doesn't really count as cheating, does it?" then the answer is probably "yeah, it does." Because if you have to ask, etc.
Over at FilmCritic.com this week, I go into detail about the various types of sequels you get out of science fiction and fantasy films. Because they definitely slot into types. Oh yes, they do. And don't worry, we cover the three-quels and more-quels too. And yes, I'm aware that neither "three-quel" or "more-quel" is a word nor should they be in any sane world. I used them anyway. Because that's the sort of crazy rebel I am. As always, when you have thoughts and comments, leave them over there at the column site. They like comments over there. It makes them feel alive.


text:
RIPE Dinner Event
Pipe Organ Concert
Thursday, October 18, 2018 @ 20:30
Westerkerk, Amsterdam
The Organists
Stop Lists
Jos van der Kooy studied organ and improvisation with Piet Kee at the Conservatory of Amsterdam where he was awarded the Prix d'Excellence in 1981. He continued his studies with Hans Hasselböck (improvisation), Ewald Kooiman (Bach and French baroque music), Daniel Roth (Franck) and Charles de Wolff (Liszt, Reger, and twentieth-century reportoire).
Since 1981 Jos van der Kooy has been the Director of Music and Organist of the Westerkerk in Amsterdam. In 1990 he was appointed City Organist in Haarlem. In this position he presides over the Müller organ in the Great or Saint Bavo church and the Cavaillé-Colle organ in the Philharmonic during the annual recital series. He is involved in the International Organ Festival, Haarlem, as a teacher, adjudicator, and member of the board. Van der Kooy teaches organ, improvisation and church music at the Royal Conservatory in The Hague and the Faculty of Arts at Leiden University. He has recorded for Television, radio and CD/DVD. He is an advocate of contemporary music, especially the works of Dutch composers. His interpretation of the music of Max Reger and César Franck has been met with much approval. As a concert artist and teacher, he propagates the art of improvisation. The following prizes and awards have been conferred upon him:
* Tournermire Prize, International Organ Festival, Saint Albans, 1977.
* First Prize, National Improvisation Competition, Bolsward, 1978.
* First Prize, International Improvisation Competition,
Haarlem, 1980, 1981.
* Prix d'Excellence, as a student of Piet Kee at the Amsterdam
Conservatory, 1981.
* Silver Medal, 1989 and Gold Medal, 1990, and Silver Gilt Medal, 2000
of the Société Académique "Arts, Sciences, Lettres," Paris, for his
services to French Music.
* Knighthood in the Order of Oranje-Nassau, 2011.
Jos has previously performed at Westerkerk and Haarlem during RIPE 53 and RIPE 58.
Rodney Gehrke is Director of Music at All Saints' Episcopal Church in Palo Alto, Organist and Choir Director at San Francisco's Temple Emanu-El, and Professor of Organ at the San Francisco Conservatory of Music. He holds a musicology degree from U.C., Berkeley. He is a Past Dean of the San Francisco Chapter of the American Guild of Organists (AGO) and played the organ and directed the choir at Temple Emanu-El for the opening service of the 2011 Region IX Convention of the AGO. His teachers have included his father, Hugo Gehrke, as well as David Dahl (Pacific Lutheran University), Lawrence Moe (University of California, Berkeley), and Harald Vogel (North German Organ Academy).
In 1985, in observance of the 300th birthday of Johann Sebastian Bach, Mr. Gehrke played the complete organ works of Bach in twelve recitals. In March, 2011, he played a recital at the church most popularly associated with Bach, St. Thomas Church in Leipzig, Germany. In June, 2011, he was the keynote presenter for the 100th anniversary of Seoul Theological University, Korea, where he played a recital, led an Episcopal liturgy, and offered two lectures and a day of masterclasses. In November 2015, he played two recital programs in Yokohama, Japan, on the large Fisk Organ in Minato Mirai Concert Hall.
Mr. Gehrke has performed and recorded as continuo organist and harpsichordist with the Philharmonia Baroque Orchestra, American Bach Soloists, and Voices of Music, and has also made two CDs of Mexican Baroque music with Chanticleer, with whom he toured the American Southwest and Mexico in 1998. He can also be heard on the CD collection, "Historic Organs of San Francisco," a performance recorded in 1988 on the historic organ at Temple Sherith Israel at the concluding recital of the national convention of the Organ Historical Society (OHS). He also appears on "Historic Organs of Seattle," also produced by the OHS in 2008. In addition to many solo performances, including frequent recitals at Stanford Memorial Church, he is in demand as organ accompanist for numerous community choruses as well as the two conservatory choirs conducted by David Conte and Ragnar Bohlin. He also occasionally plays organ with the San Francisco Symphony.


text:
Der Zauchgraben ist ein Bach, der durch die Fluren östlicher Stadtteile Leipzigs fließt. Er ist ein linksseitiger Nebenfluss der Parthe. Wasserrechtlich ist er ein Gewässer II. Ordnung.

Verlauf
Der Lauf des Zauchgrabens beginnt neben dem von Holzhausen nach Osten verlaufenden Breiteweg. Nach einem Knick nach Südosten nimmt er den von rechts kommenden Holzhausener Mittelgraben auf, um sich dann nach Nordosten zu wenden. Hier stellt er die Grenze zwischen den Fluren von Holzhausen und Kleinpösna dar, weiter nördlich, nach Aufnahme des ohne Hochwasser trockenliegenden Kleinpösnaer Umflutgrabens, jene zwischen Baalsdorf und Kleinpösna. Nach Aufnahme des von links kommenden Pappelgrabens heißt die Grenze nun Baalsdorf / Hirschfeld. Dann unterquert der Graben die Autobahn 14 und bleibt bis zur Straße Hirschfeld–Althen auf Hirschfelder Flur. Von hier bis zu seiner Mündung in die Parthe ist er die Grenze zwischen Althen und Zweenfurth, die zugleich Grenze der Stadt Leipzig ist.

Name
Der ungewöhnlich klingende Name rührt von einem ehemaligen Waldstück westlich von Kleinpösna her, der Zauche, das von dem Bach durchflossen wurde. Nach dem Deutschen Wörterbuch der Gebrüder Grimm dürfte dieses Wort vom slawischen such = trocken abgeleitet sein.

Hochwasserschutz
Bei Hochwasser ist Kleinpösna durch die Flut das Pösgrabens stark gefährdet. Deshalb wurde südlich des Ortes ein Flutwehr errichtet, das im Hochwasserfall bei geschlossenem Schütz Wassermengen über den sonst trockenliegenden Kleinpösnaer Umflutgraben in den Zauchgraben ableitet, der sie der Parthe zuführt.

Einzelnachweise

Gewässer in Leipzig


text:
Four brothers charged in $26m Amazon scam
Coordinated the invoicing scheme on Whatsapp.
By Denham Sadler on Aug 24 2020 07:28 PM
Toothbrushes. So many toothbrushes. Photo: Shutterstock
Four brothers from New York have been charged with defrauding Amazon of $26m ($US19m) as part of a "new twist" on wire fraud.
The United States Attorney's Office for the Southern District of New York brought charges against brothers Yoel Abraham, 28, Heshl Abraham, 32, Zishe Abraham, 30, and Shmuel Abraham, 24, last week after uncovering a wire fraud scheme that aimed to pocket $45m ($US32m) from Amazon.
The "sophisticated and layered fraudulent invoicing scheme" involved the brothers billing Amazon for goods that they never provided.
The brothers allegedly created wholesale business and opened vendor accounts with Amazon in order to sell the company small quantities of goods.
When the brothers accepted a purchase order, they agreed to supply "specific goods, at specific prices, in specific quantities" to Amazon, but instead manipulated the system, the Attorney's Office alleged.
In the "most egregious iteration of the scheme", the brothers invoiced Amazon for substitute goods at "grossly inflated prices and excessive quantities", the office said.
In one case, Amazon agreed to buy 12 canisters of a disinfectant spray from the brothers for just over $131 ($US94) per pack.
But the defendants then allegedly manipulated the system to send 7,000 toothbrushes for that price and then invoiced Amazon for more than $900,000 ($US650,000).
According to the charges, the four brothers then repeated this process with different goods over and over until they had defrauded Amazon of $26m ($US19 million).
"The indictment alleges that Yoel, Heshl, Zishe and Shmuel Abraham came up with a new twist on an old trick, but the use of complex technology did not hide the simple fact that the defendants were billing Amazon for goods they never provided," acting Manhattan United States Attorney Audrey Strauss said.
"The more our economic life moves online, the more we must ensure the integrity of our digital markets, which my office is committed to doing."
HSI Special Agent-in-Charge Peter C Fitzhugh said that invoice fraud is not a victimless crime.
"Millions of dollars in lost revenue negatively impacts a company's ability to provide cost-effective services to legitimate customers who use the vendor's platform," Fitzhugh said.
The brothers used an encrypted group texting chain on WhatsApp to coordinate the scheme, the indictment alleges, with one defendant messaging the others: "I'm so in the mood to f*ck Amazon."
In a statement that did not mention that actual fraud that had taken place or the fact the company had been tricked into handing over $US19 million, Amazon said it had supported the lengthy investigation.
"Amazon is grateful to have worked with the United States Attorney's Office for the Southern District of New York, the Department of Homeland Security, and Homeland Security Investigations on their vigorous prosecution of these individuals," Amazon Counterfeit Crimes Unit associate general counsel Cristina Posa said.
"While our proactive controls ensure the vast majority of sellers in our store are honest entrepreneurs, fraudsters attempt to violate our policies, victimise our customers, and damage our store, and we look forward to working with law enforcement agencies to hold these bad actors accountable for their illegal activities."
Amazon had detected the pattern of the brothers' alleged fraudulent overshipping and suspended their accounts, with the defendants then trying to open other vendor accounts using fake names and emails, and using VPNs, and even joked that the practice may force them to start real businesses.
"This shit is massed [sic] up, looks like will have to build a legit business," one WhatsApp message read.
The four brothers have all been charged with conspiracy to commit wire fraud, wire fraud and money laundering, with some of the charges coming with a maximum sentence of 20 years in jail.
While wire fraud is certainly not a new crime, there have been growing cases of this taking place in the cyber world. Just last month New South Wales police arrested six men for their alleged involvement in a money laundering syndicate believed to be worth $6 million.
Police will allege in court that the men unlawfully obtained the money through invoice scams, with altered invoices sent to legitimate businesses for payment through an email scam, with the funds then transferred to personal accounts.
Denham Sadler
Denham Sadler is a freelance journalist based in Melbourne. He was previously Editor of StartupSmart, and writes on tech and politics. His work has been published in The Saturday Paper and The Guardian.
scam amazon invoicing whatsapp fraud
JPMorgan hit with $280m fine for using WhatsApp
Superannuation scam pockets $20m in Bitcoin
Pandemic drives surge in scams
Amazon debuts surveillance robot for the home


There are few people with less credibility than the National Association of Realtor's Chief Economist, Lawrence Yun. (Or, anyone at NAR, for that matter.) Too many times, he, and before him, David Lereah, have been cheerleaders, even when faced with data that seemingly flew in the face of what they were saying (sorry, writing not so good, right now).
I'm not telling you anything you don't already know, I'm sure.
Having said that, I am impressed with two columns he has written, over the past couple of days.
In one, he lays out the history of the real estate market, from the turn of the century (this one) up until today.
He spreads the blame for some of the "market's" excesses. Rightfully so?
Moody's, Standard & Poor's, and other ratings agency raked in revenue by giving out top Triple-A ratings (an inherent conflict of interest exists when ratings agencies get their revenue from mortgage underwriters/securitizers… rather like a professor who gives out a lot of "A" grades will draw more tuition paying students to his class).
But the biggest blame in my view goes to Moody's and Standard & Poor's — the rating agencies. If they had properly assessed the risk as is their job, then global capital would have never reached subprime homebuyers and flippers. The housing boom would have stopped dead in its tracks. We do not yet know how much of the ratings firms' assessment were clouded by their financial interest in giving out easy Triple-A grades. Many workers at Moody's and Standard & Poor's took home hefty bonus checks when revenue skyrocketed from providing high ratings.
It is also fine for people to point the finger at me.
In a fast changing market conditions, I too have been off on my forecast. I knew that the boom was clearly unsustainable and I made the forecast in early 2007 that home prices were likely to experience a price decline on a national level for the first time since the Great Depression. The national median home price indeed fell by 1.4%. I believe I downgraded my forecast for ten or so straight months in 2007 as it was strongly pointed out to me.
That's a sure way to gather sympathy.
Suddenly, I feel like giving the guy a break.


text:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ascii"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
          "DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

  <title>Module Hierarchy</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="epydoc.css" type="text/css" />

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 [ Module Hierarchy
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Module Hierarchy

 cnavg: The Glorious CN-AVG python library

 cnavg.avg: All about sequence graphs

 cnavg.avg.balanced: Definition of copy-number balancing across a sequence graph

 cnavg.avg.gabp

 cnavg.avg.gabp.gabp: Python wrapper for GaBP application in GraphLab By Daniel Zerbino,
        based on Matlab code by Danny Bickson

 cnavg.avg.graph: Definition of sequence graphs

 cnavg.avg.module: Definition of module around nets

 cnavg.avg.node: Definition of the Node object

 cnavg.avg.nodeFlow: Definition of NodeFlow, a static node's dynamic context within a
        graph

 cnavg.basics: Basic mathematical objects

 cnavg.basics.coords: Definition of geometric objects along chromosomes.

 cnavg.basics.partialOrderSet: Definition of Partial Order Set

 cnavg.cactus: All about cactus graphs

 cnavg.cactus.balanced: Balancing of the flows in a Cactus graph

 cnavg.cactus.block: Definition of Block, ie a segment edge in a cactus graph

 cnavg.cactus.chain: Definition of Chain, a simple cycle of blocks within a cactus graph

 cnavg.cactus.graph: Definition of Cactus graphs

 cnavg.cactus.group: Definition of Group, a connected component of bonds

 cnavg.cactus.net: Definition of Net, ie a set of 3-edge connected groups

 cnavg.cactus.oriented: Definition of OrientedCactus, where nets and chains are organized
        into a bi-partite tree

 cnavg.cactus.threeWay

 cnavg.cactus.threeWay.components: Wrapper for the threeWay executable

 cnavg.cactusSampling

 cnavg.cactusSampling.sampling: Cactus graph normalization, ie ensuring the flow is constant across
        all blocks in a chain

 cnavg.cactusTree

 cnavg.cactusTree.cactusTree: Integrated jobTree pipeline.

 cnavg.clock: Timing the SNVs wrt the CNVs

 cnavg.clock.EM: Expectation Maximisation timing of the SNVs wrt CNVs

 cnavg.clock.cnvTree: Representing the molecular tree underlying the clonal tree

 cnavg.clock.timeEvents: Merging the SNV and CNV data

 cnavg.flows: All about flows

 cnavg.flows.cycle: Cycle traversal underlying an alternating flow

 cnavg.flows.edge: Edge traversals

 cnavg.flows.flows: Net flow change between two genomes

 cnavg.flows.unitFlows: Near-simple flows

 cnavg.history: All about simple flow histories

 cnavg.history.constrained: Computing and detecting rearrangment costs plus any discrepancy in
        a history

 cnavg.history.debug

 cnavg.history.euclidian: Linear algebra representation of a history

 cnavg.history.flattened: Flattening history so that they are no longer split by net

 cnavg.history.history: Flow history

 cnavg.history.ordered: History with arbitrary linear ordering, for display purposes

 cnavg.history.overlap: History with look up table to speed up the search for overlapping
        flow changes

 cnavg.history.scheduled: Keeping track of the tree of events in a history

 cnavg.historySampling: All about sampling through histories

 cnavg.historySampling.cycleCover: Producing an initial flow history underlying a metagenomic net flow
        change

 cnavg.historySampling.sampleGraphCycles: Sampling through histories at the global level

 cnavg.historySampling.sampleModuleCycles: Sampling histories at the local level

 cnavg.preprocess: The gargage that goes into the pipeline

 cnavg.preprocess.bambam: Parsing BamBam output

 cnavg.preprocess.breakend: VCF style representation of breakend data

 cnavg.preprocess.breakendGraph: Handling a collection of breakends

 cnavg.preprocess.cbs

 cnavg.preprocess.cbs.cbs: Wrapper around CBS

 cnavg.preprocess.cnv: CNV data holder

 cnavg.preprocess.discrepancies

 cnavg.preprocess.segmentCNVs: Smooth out brute CNV calls

 cnavg.preprocess.vcf: Read VCF files

 cnavg.simulator: Testing the pipeline on simulated histories

 cnavg.simulator.simulator: Produces random evolutionary histories

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text:
Q: SharePoint List - Auto Increment based on count of another column I have managed to get an auto incrementing column.  See below.  So the Ref column is incrementing based on how many items there are already in 'Type'.  In effect there could be multiple number 1s, but they are unique based on having 'Type' appended to it.
I have the one dimensional increments working based on 'Id' and using O365 Flows in SharePoint.
Any guidance would be much appreciated.

A: Please following steps:
1.Create new list named "Auto Increment" and add some columns in the list.

2.Click Integrate >> Power Automate >> Create a flow

3.Create the MS Flow
a.Add "When an item is created" trigger
b.Add "Get item" action
c.Add "Get items" action:

*

*Filter Query: Types eq 'Types Value'
d.Add "Compose" action:

*

*Inputs: length(body('Get_items')?['value'])
e.Add "Condition" action:

*

*Ref is equal to null
f.On the "If yes" branch, add "Update item" action:

*

*Ref: R_Outputs_Types Value

4.Save and Test this MS Flow

======================== Updated Answer ========================
Please follwoing steps:
1.Go to the specific list >> List settings >>  scroll to Columns sections >> click on the specific column
2.On the Edit Column page, check this column's dispalyname.


text:
Q: Google Script, temporary sheet I have a script in google scripts where I set up an HTML with some , the user fills them in, and the data goes to a google spreadsheet, then I get the spreadsheet link and add "export?format=pdf" at the end to download the pdf for the user.
My problem is that many people will use this application, is there any way to make a temporary copy for each user who is going to edit it? on google driver for example


Besides diving, I do work part-time in retail, love swimming, collecting old "rock and roll" music, golfing, cooking, and searching for old shipwrecks. I am an environmentist, against plastic bags and the selling of bottled water. Supporter of Diving for the Disabled, Save Our Sharks, and Save our Sea Turtles. Owner and operator of kirkscubagear, located in London, Ontario Canada.
After getting my Open Water Certification in diving, I decided to open an online business to offer divers reasonable priced and good quality scuba gear.
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08:00 - 12:00 Post-Conference Eclipse Codesprint at Off-Site Location Post-Conference Eclipse Codesprint at Off-Site Location. Codesprint will be hosted at the Michael Baker International office at One Kaiser Plaza, Suite 1150, Oakland, CA 94612. The Michael Baker office is about an 8-minute walk from the 19th Street BART station which is 1 BART stop north of the 12th Street BART station that is adjacent to the Marriott Convention and Hotel. The walk from the Oakland Marriott to the Michael Baker office is about 20 minutes. See map below that shows walking route from the 19th Street BART station.. ... Post-Conference Eclipse Codesprint at Off-Site Location My Schedule Please sign in to add a session to your schedule.
13:00 - 17:00 Post-Conference Eclipse Codesprint at Off-Site Location Post-Conference Eclipse Codesprint at Off-Site Location. Codesprint will be hosted at the Michael Baker International office at One Kaiser Plaza, Suite 1150, Oakland, CA 94612. The Michael Baker office is about an 8-minute walk from the 19th Street BART station which is 1 BART stop north of the 12th Street BART station that is adjacent to the Marriott Convention and Hotel. The walk from the Oakland Marriott to the Michael Baker office is about 20 minutes. See map below that shows walking route from the 19th Street BART station.. ... Post-Conference Eclipse Codesprint at Off-Site Location My Schedule Please sign in to add a session to your schedule.


text:
U.S. Lawmaker Urges Rearming Of Georgia
Georgia -- A Georgian man cries as he holds the body of his relative after a bombardment in Gori, 09Aug2008
A senior member of the U.S. Republican Party is urging the Obama administration and European allies to consider rearming Georgia.
In a report, Senator Richard Lugar said the destruction of Georgia's defenses during the brief August 2008 war with Russia left the country vulnerable to further attack.
In particular, the report said the destruction of Georgian radar and air defenses left Tbilisi unable to verify air incursions over its territory.
During the August 2008 war, Russia destroyed much of Georgia's military infrastructure and occupied two breakaway territories.
Russia has since recognized both Abkhazia and South Ossetia as independent countries and established military bases close to their borders with Georgia proper.
The report urges the administration to coordinate a strategy within NATO that strikes a balance between Georgia's security needs and NATO's relationship with Russia.
"The Alliance must come to grips with the reality that Georgia will require coordinated security support from America and European nations for some years to come," Lugar writes in a letter accompanying the report.
The report also warns that Georgia's current insecurity could destabilize the country and lead to greater nationalism.
"A continuation of the status quo appears to ensure that Georgia will not only have difficulty providing for its own territorial defense needs but remain susceptible to the internal strife and external manipulation that often accompanies such national insecurity," the report says.
compiled from agency reports


It hardly seems like a year since the monsoon night which began in Greyabbey last July and virtually wiped our the 24 hour race in Bangor before dawn but organisers this year had used their influence to conjure up an almost ideal evening for the village's increasingly popular 5 and 10K races last Friday. Record turnouts in both events saw almost 250 runners take to the pleasant country roads writes Joe Quinn.
Michael Cultra was more than pleased to post a pb 38.54 while Liam Keenan reliable as ever clocked 39.25 with Michael McKeown 42.06 was half a minute quicker than last year, further testimony to the conditions. Chris O'Connor 20.12 took 5th place overall in the 5K race and continues to improve with every outing.
Neil McCartan celebrated his new status as doting uncle in fine style in Santry on Saturday when he set a new PB for the 800 metres with a time of 1.58. Well Done Neil and who says the ladies don't inspire us?
Sunday brought even more heat to welcome the first running of the Ballykinlar GAC promoted 10K and 5K walk in support of the Northern Ireland Cancer Fund for Children, which though permitted as a road race was in fact more of a day on the beach. By kind permission of landowner David Corbett, the route swiftly left the hazards of traffic on the roads and made its way through the estate to the shores of Dundrum bay. Watched with some amusement by the dozens of seals parked along the water's edge almost 100 runners ploughed their own furrows along the occasionally yielding sand to emerge again on the Shore Road alongside the military base. This was indeed a tough race but such were the stunning views across the bay to the magnificent Mountains of Mourne and perhaps the concentration required to avoid the ebbing tide that not one complaint did I hear from anyone. Indeed the Ladies in particular were fulsome in their praise for the course and this augurs well for future years.
The winner in a time which really brings into focus the difficulty of the terrain was East Down's Brendan Teer in a time of 38.25, around 6 minutes slower than his best, from Newcastle's David O'Flaherty with another East Down man Barrie Atkinson in 3rd. First Lady was Orangegrove's Louise Lemon from the Dromore duo of Susan Smyth and Helen McCartan. East Down's Lisa Milligan took the Over 40 prize with the Over 50 award to Murlough's Anne McCormick. Thomas Leitch from Orangegrove was first male Over 40 with Lagan Valley's evergreen Terry Eakin taking the Over 50 prize.
So a tremendously successful day all round made even sweeter by the generous of sponsorship of local Vivo Store manager Rory Magorrian in conjunction with Hendersons which provided goodie bags to all participants. There was also a great community atmosphere about the place and thanks go to all who helped in any way for this most worthy of causes.
Wednesday 10th July evening sees the 2nd running of the 5 Mile Community Race and Fun Run organised by Kilmore Rec FC and hopefully you will have read this reminder in time to get to the start line in Crossgar for the 7.30pm start. The route will be the same as last year's described by most as fast and fun and for those of you who ran it I made that last bit up – but it's a good 5 miles and what better way to spend a Summer's evening? And then?
It's the Portaferry 10 Mile Race on 16 July for the sporting highlight of Gala week.


This weekend saw record numbers of visitors to the wildly popular Isle of Man Food & Drink Festival - and also the crowning of a new National Dish!
After four months of voting, the Isle of Man has named a new national dish- Manx Queenies! These delicate Manx molluscs took home the grand prize with nearly a quarter of all votes.
The Manx Queenie is a medium sized scallop, farmed in the Irish Sea. These delicacies are light, buttery, and succulent and can be found in many of the restaurants around the Island. Traditionally served in a white or cream sauce, Manx Queenies are a staple in most eateries (and for good reason!).
A public vote commenced in May 2018 and over 2,500 people had their voices heard for their favourite Manx munchies!
The winner was announced last weekend at the 10th Annual Isle of Man Food and Drink Festival sponsored by PokerStars, Dave's Delicious Dogs, Event Management Solutions, Magnet, Shoprite, Thai Thai Restaurant, and The Buchan School with 3 FM as media partner. This year's Isle of Man Food & Drink Festival welcomed over 10,000 people through the gates, which is a new record attendance.
Coming in a close second to the mighty Queenies was Chips, cheese and gravy. This dish is known around the world as many different things- Canadian Poutine, New Jersey Disco Fries- but here, this chip dish is decisively Manx Made!
IOM Today was not at a loss for finding residents in full support of the Kipper- our long, tried and true- favourite fish. "My favourite Manx meal is a kipper bap. It's the amalgamation of the ingredients that I like, with the juxtaposition of the salad against the fish." - Laurence Crookall, aged 27.
After the announcement, local chef, Tony Quirk whipped up a great recipe to the delight of festival goers. His recipe? Manx queenies, garlic, and bacon (of course!) The recipe was given out to all attendees and is available online at www.gov.im/food.
The Manx cuisine is top notch and a debate this lively just solidifies it! Congratulations to our mighty Manx Queenies for their triumphant victory!
Long live the Manx Queenie, the National Dish of the Isle of Man!


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Code share - United Air Lines, Inc. (United), on behalf of itself and All Nippon Airways Co., Ltd., and on behalf of Shuttle America Corporation, SkyWest Airlines, Inc. and Chautauqua Airlines, Inc. all carrying on business as, among others, United Express
October 24, 2008 APPLICATION by United Air Lines, Inc. (United), on behalf of itself and All Nippon Airways Co., Ltd. (All Nippon), and on behalf of Shuttle America Corporation, SkyWest Airlines, Inc. and Chautauqua Airlines, Inc. all carrying on business as, among others, United Express (United...
Renewal of licence - Aerovias del Continente Americano S.A. carrying on business as Avianca
October 24, 2008 APPLICATION by Aerovias del Continente Americano S.A. carrying on business as Avianca pursuant to subsection 78(2) of the Canada Transportation Act, S.C., 1996, c. 10, as amended, for a temporary licence to operate international air services on a scheduled basis between Colombia...
HMY Airways Inc. carrying on business as Harmony Airways - domestic service, non-scheduled international service and scheduled international services - Licence Nos. 030027, 020137, 030025, 060113 and 060112
October 23, 2008 APPLICATION by HMY Airways Inc. carrying on business as Harmony Airways for another suspension of Licence Nos. 030027, 020137, 030025, 060113 and 060112. File Nos. M4210/H210-1M4210/H210-2M4210/H210-3M4210/H210-4-1M4210/H210-4-2 HMY Airways Inc. carrying on business as Harmony...
Wet lease - Air Canada, on behalf of itself and Swiss International Air Lines Ltd. also carrying on business as Swiss
October 23, 2008 APPLICATION by Air Canada, on behalf of itself and Swiss International Air Lines Ltd. also carrying on business as Swiss, pursuant to section 60 of the Canada Transportation Act, S.C., 1996, c. 10, as amended and section 8.2 of the Air Transportation Regulations, SOR/88-58, as...
Renewal of Licence - Air Canada
October 23, 2008 APPLICATION by Air Canada pursuant to subsection 78(2) of the Canada Transportation Act, S.C., 1996, c. 10, as amended, for a temporary licence to operate international air services on a scheduled basis between Canada and Grenada. File No. M4210/A74-4-65 Air Canada has applied...
Lift of suspension - Swanberg Air Inc.
October 22, 2008 APPLICATION by Swanberg Air Inc. to reinstate Licence Nos. 980041 and 000134. File Nos. M4210/S479-1M4210/S479-2 Swanberg Air Inc. (the Licensee) has applied to the Canadian Transportation Agency (the Agency) for the reinstatement of Licence Nos. 980041 and 000134. The...
Canadian Global Air Ambulance Ltd. - domestic service and non-scheduled international service - Licence Nos. 040004 and 040005
October 22, 2008 APPLICATION by Canadian Global Air Ambulance Ltd. for suspension of Licence Nos. 040004 and 040005. File Nos. M4210/C553-1M4210/C553-2 Canadian Global Air Ambulance Ltd. (the Licensee) has applied to the Canadian Transportation Agency (the Agency) for the suspension set out in...
Extra-bilateral authority and code share - Compania Nationala De Transporturi Aeriene Romane "TAROM" S.A. carrying on business as TAROM S.A. (Romanian Air Transport) (Tarom)
October 21, 2008 APPLICATION by Compania Nationala De Transporturi Aeriene Romane "TAROM" S.A. carrying on business as TAROM S.A. (Romanian Air Transport) (Tarom), for extra-bilateral authority pursuant to subsection 78(2) of the Canada Transportation Act, S.C., 1996, c. 10, as amended, to serve...
Non-scheduled international service - Avcon Jet AG
October 20, 2008 APPLICATION by Avcon Jet AG pursuant to subsection 73(2) of the Canada Transportation Act, S.C., 1996, c. 10, as amended, for a licence to operate a non-scheduled international service to transport traffic on a charter basis between points in Austria and points in Canada. File No...
Extra-bilateral authority - Air Transat A.T. Inc. carrying on business as Air Transat
October 20, 2008 APPLICATION by Air Transat A.T. Inc. carrying on business as Air Transat for extra-bilateral authority pursuant to subsection 78(2) of the Canada Transportation Act, S.C., 1996, c. 10, as amended, to operate a scheduled international service between Canada and Malaga, Spain, from...


On August 14, 2018, book distributor Readerlink Distribution Services, LLC was sued for violations of the federal Lanham Act, violations of the Illinois Uniform Deceptive Trade Practices Act and of the Illinois Right of Publicity Act in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, by a professional freelance translator who accused the company of falsely attributing her English to Spanish translation of a Star Wars book named "Star Wars: Poe Dameron: Flight Log," to a poorly-worded Spanish language translation of another book called "Star Wars: The Force Awakens: Rey's Survival Guide." In the complaint, plaintiff Annette Granat alleges that in May 2018, she became aware that her name was misattributed to "Star Wars: The Force Awakens: Rey's Survival Guide." The plaintiff argued that the translation of the infringing book in question is of such poor quality that she believes it will likely do serious damage to her reputation as a credible translator. Therefore on June 26, 2018, Plaintiff sent a letter notifying the defendant of the misattribution.
The plaintiff previously worked with the publishing division of Readerlink, known as Printers Row Publishing Group, to translate "Star Wars: Poe Dameron: Flight Log." After sending multiple communications to Readerlink, the plaintiff was assured on three separate occasions that the company would recall and destroy all copies of the infringing book. However, on August 8, 2018, Plaintiff noticed that the book was still being sold through Amazon at a steep discount, which the plaintiff argued is a bid by Readerlink to liquidate its inventory in the face of her pending suit.
Plaintiff requested an injunction be granted to enjoin the defendant from continuing to distribute copies of the infringing book and to impound any copies in its possession, in addition to requesting monetary damages for the unauthorized attribution of her name to the infringing book.
The case is: Annette Granat v. Readerlink Distribution Services LLC, Case No.: 1:18-cv-05556, in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois.


It's that time of year again…sale time! The Laser and Skin Clinic are having a two-day sale on October 12 and 13, so make sure you mark the date in your diary. For two days only, receive 50 per cent off selected skin treatments, buy one get one half price on dermal fillers, and 10 per cent off all product ranges!
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A 14-year-old drug dealer who aided the FBI as an informant is serving life behind bars despite all efforts to free him.
Richard Wershe Jr., 46, was given life without parole for a non-violent drug crime when he was just 17 years old. He is now eligible for parole due to changes in the drug law, according to the Detroit Free Press.
However, it appears as though he might not leave prison any time soon.
In September, Wershe lost his latest bid to have his sentence reduced. He has also repeatedly been denied parole, most recently in 2013. Despite these setbacks, his attorneys are still fighting for his case.
Another roadblock to him being released from prison is the fact that in 2006, he pleaded guilty to two felonies -- including racketeering -- after allegedly running a multimillion-dollar stolen car scheme from prison.
Wershe was originally put in jail under Michigan's so-called 650 Lifer law, according to The Guardian. The law was signed by former governor William Milliken, who later said he regretted the decision, and it states that anyone carrying at least 650 grams of cocaine will receive life in prison without parole. The law has since been overturned by the U.S. Supreme Court.
Wershe's involvement with the drug trade began when he was just 14 years old, and he was recruited as a police and FBI informant.
As a teen informant, Wershe helped the FBI prosecute crooked police officers and Willie Valson, the brother-in-law of former Detroit mayor Coleman Young. But it was this cooperation that led to his downfall. At 16 years old -- after having been an informant for two years -- Wershe became immersed in the drug world.
"Was I blinded by the money, was I blinded by the girls, was I blinded by the material possessions?" Wershe said. "Absolutely."
Wershe readily admits to his participation in the 1980s drug trade, but he also says that his role as a drug dealer has been grossly overstated by prosecutors. To make matters worse, most of the drug dealers and murderers that Wershe helped put behind bars have been freed, while he still remains in prison.
It all boils down to one question: Should his mistakes as a teenager dictate his entire life?
Wershe's team of attorneys are continuing to fight for his case.
He is also up for parole again in 2017, according to the Detroit Free Press.


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Trump: US considering permanent military base in Poland, visa waiver
pg/is 18.09.2018, 20:05
Polish President Andrzej Duda (L) and US President Donald Trump (R) shaking hands. Photo: PAP/Radek Pietruszka
German company withdraws from Nord Stream 2 construction
Poland's food exports up 7 pct y/y in November 2020: report
EU top official condemns politicisation of justice system in Russia
Auschwitz-Birkenau Museum reacts to 'Polish concentration camps' in Politico
Top Polish energy companies create SPV for offshore wind farms
It is our duty to reveal German war crimes: German psychologist
Polish oil giant launches its first natural gas extraction site
Flag carrier reduces connections to selected destinations
COVID-19: Over EUR 154 mln of financial aid transferred to companies: PM
Movie by Agnieszka Holland wins 14 nominations for top Czech film awards
US President Donald Trump said on Tuesday Washington is considering a request for a permanent military presence in Poland as well as a visa waiver program for the country.
"Poland is willing to make a very major contribution to the United States to come in and have a presence in Poland, and certainly it's something we'll discuss," Mr Trump said at the White House before a meeting with Polish President Andrzej Duda.
"We're looking at it very seriously, I know Poland likes the idea very much, and it's something that we are considering, yes," he said.
In May, Polish media reported that Warsaw had offered up to USD 2 bn in funding for such a military presence, a move which has angered Moscow. During the joint news conference on Tuesday Mr Trump said President Duda had proposed billions of dollars for a permanent US military base in Poland.
President Duda said a permanent US presence in Poland would be the only guarantee of security against Russian aggression.
In the wake of Russia's annexation of Crimea, NATO deployed four battalions in the Baltics and Poland, backed up by US troops and equipment on rotation. There are about 5,000 US troops stationed in Poland.
Poland joined NATO in 1999 along with Hungary and the Czech Republic, and since then other former communist states, including the Baltic republics bordering Russia, have joined despite Moscow's strong opposition.
Energy Security and Russia
Poland and the US signed an agreement to further consolidate their cooperation in energy security and oppose energy projects threatening common security, like Nord Stream 2.
"The construction of the Russia-Germany Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline is currently the biggest threat to Europe's energy security as it undermines the continent's energy stability through Russia's domination of the gas market," President Duda said.
Russia's Gazprom, together with a consortium of western companies, are due to build Nord Stream 2, a gas pipeline planned to run from Russia to Germany through the Baltic Sea, which would double Russia's gas export capacity. Eastern European countries, Baltic states and the US oppose the pipeline contending that it could undermine Europe's energy security.
The agreement also reiterated both countries' commitment to common values and democratic principles, including freedom, independent institutions and human rights.
source: PAP/Reuters


Israeli Street Fighting...and date night??
Well, in the name of "research", I persuaded my husband to join me in a krav maga class in Madison. My thanks go out to John Lacy who is a Senior Instructor in Urban Krav Maga and all his students at Black Belt America in Madison, Wisconsin!
My husband and I made it a "date night" and dang...was it fun!
The instructor recommended I read these two books - both are incredible! All women, by the way, should read The Gift of Fear.


Omid shares the music for free!
Win an accordion to play along with Samim's 'Heater'!
Steve Angello connects us to his style dial.
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Check out the Top 100 DJs party with Selfcast.com!
Win tickets to see Trentemøller in London and more!
In an unprecedented move, who's been booted out of our Top 100 DJs poll?
Reader Brooksy to bosh Bora Bora!


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It was a beautiful morning in the Hemingfords with bright sunshine and a game of football to play!
We have always enjoyed some good contests agains Cambridge Vets but usually run out winners.
We had a strong 14 to choose from and Daz May had taken over officiating duties from Blakey who has a very troublesome hip.
It was noted that putting Daz as referee was like having the wolf in charge of the sheep or chickens!
There is loads of grass on the pitch after the wet August and this bodes well for the remainder of the season.
That said, it was very long on Sunday but the morning dew on the surface did help us to pass the ball around quite swiftly and Blakey had also invested in some new warm-up balls for us too which were really appreciated.
We started brightly and were using the ball well without finding a breakthrough.
However, they had some nippy forwards who looked quick on the break and a combative midfield, so the rear guard had to be on their toes.
After around 15 minutes some good play saw Howard freed. He had an unfortunate stumble and fell to the floor. However as two defenders rushed towards him he managed to prod the ball away from them to Sedge who duly despatched a well struck goal off the outside of his right foot.
It was a good start and we continued to press. We were moving the ball around and the back 5 (including Alex) were working the ball forward nicely. Kevin Anderson was looking sharp and Keeble and Two Touch were competing well in midfield. Occasionally we did get caught in possession when we dwelt on the ball which was a little sloppy but fortunately either Youngy (in goal) or Nigel (sweeping around) managed to get enough pressure on the ball to keep the forwards at bay.
Sedge mixed it up on the half hour mark bringing on James up top and dippy on to the left wing. Chris Parker had suffered a couple of crunching tackles and he decided that was enough. We had a dodgy spell for 5 minutes, where we made problems for ourselves but fortunately we managed to stay in front and hold on to the clean sheet.
We went in at half time with a 1 - 0 lead and though we were reasonably dominant our opponents were still in the game.
Sedge and Howard were causing some problems but unfortunately Sedge failed to convert on at least 3 potential efforts that could have seen the Game finished off as a contest.
This was contagious though! With the opposition tiring we seemed determined to try to walk it into the net and gave away a couple of stupid off-sides.
That said we did get one of these breaks right, with Rudders unselfishly squaring to Two Touch to slide the ball into the net from close range with the keeper stranded.
The Game quickly finished with Cambridge having opted for 40 minute halves rather than 45 but in truth it was over as a contest by that stage and our superior fitness could have given Cambs even more problems in the last 10 of a regular match.
It was a good game though, played in a good spirit. This was the first home victory to add to our collection for the season and Two Touch provided a great lunch for everyone to enjoy.
Sedge was voted man of the match but it was a good 7.5 out of 10 performance from the team with everyone playing their part.