text:
World War I Victory Medal (United States)
For other uses, see Victory Medal.
World War I Victory Medal
Awarded by Department of War and Department of the Navy
Military personnel only
"service between April 6, 1917, and November 11, 1918, or with either of the following expeditions:
American Expeditionary Forces in European Russia between November 12, 1918, and August 5, 1919.
American Expeditionary Forces Siberia between November 23, 1918, and April 1, 1920."
A medal of bronze 36 millimeters in diameter. On the obverse is a winged Victory standing full length and full face. On the reverse is the inscription The Great War for Civilization and the coat of arms for the United States surmounted by a fasces, and on either side the names of the Allied and Associated Nations. The medal is suspended by a ring from a silk moire ribbon 1 3/8 inches in length and 36 millimeters in width, composed of two rainbows placed in juxtaposition and having the red in the middle, with a white thread along each edge.
The Great War for Civilization
1919; 101 years ago (1919)
Next (higher)
Mexican Border Service Medal
Next (lower)
Army of Occupation of Germany Medal
Service ribbon and campaign streamer
The World War I Victory Medal (originally known as the Victory Medal) was a United States World War I service medal designed by James Earle Fraser.[1]
Award of a common allied service medal was recommended by an inter-allied committee in March 1919.[2] Each allied nation would design a 'Victory Medal' for award to their military personnel, all issues having certain common features, including a winged figure of victory on the obverse and the same ribbon.[3]
The Victory Medal was originally intended to be established by an act of Congress. The bill authorizing the medal never passed, however, thus leaving the military departments to establish it through general orders. The War Department published orders in April 1919, and the Navy in June of the same year.[4]
3.1 Citation Star
3.2 Navy Commendation Star
3.3 Army Battle Clasps
3.4 Navy Battle Clasps
3.5 Navy Operational Clasps
3.6 Army Service Clasps
3.7 Navy Service Clasps
3.8 Campaign Stars
3.9 Maltese Cross
5 Name change
6 An international award
Criteria[edit]
The Victory Medal was awarded to military personnel for service between April 6, 1917, and November 11, 1918, or with either of the following expeditions:
American Expeditionary Forces Siberia between November 23, 1918, and April 1, 1920.[5]
The front of the bronze medal features a winged Victory holding a shield and sword on the front. The back of the bronze medal features "The Great War For Civilization" in all capital letters curved along the top of the medal. Curved along the bottom of the back of the medal are six stars, three on either side of the center column of seven staffs wrapped in a cord. The top of the staff has a round ball on top and is winged on the side. The staff is on top of a shield that says "U" on the left side of the staff and "S" on the right side of the staff. On left side of the staff it lists one World War I Allied country per line: France, Italy, Serbia, Japan, Montenegro, Russia, and Greece. On the right side of the staff the Allied country names read: Great Britain, Belgium, Brazil, Portugal, Rumania (spelled with a U instead of an O as it is spelled now), and China.
Devices[edit]
To denote battle participation and campaign credit, the World War I Victory Medal was authorized with a large variety of devices to denote specific accomplishments. In order of seniority, the devices authorized to the World War I Victory Medal were as follows:
Citation Star[edit]
The Citation Star to the World War I Victory Medal was authorized by the United States Congress on February 4, 1919.[6] A 3⁄16 inch silver star was authorized to be worn on the ribbon of the Victory Medal for any member of the U.S. Army who had been cited for gallantry in action between 1917 and 1920. In 1932, the Citation Star ("Silver Star") was redesigned and renamed the Silver Star Medal and, upon application to the United States War Department, any holder of the Silver Star Citation could have it converted to a Silver Star medal.
Navy Commendation Star[edit]
The Navy Commendation Star to the World War I Victory Medal was authorized to any person who had been commended by the Secretary of the Navy for performance of duty during the First World War. A 3⁄16 inch silver star was worn on the World War I Victory Medal, identical in appearance to the Army's Citation Star. Unlike the Army's version, however, the Navy Commendation Star could not be upgraded to the Silver Star medal.[4][7]
Army Battle Clasps[edit]
The following battle clasps, inscribed with a battle's name, were worn on the medal to denote participation in major ground conflicts.[1]
Army Battle Clasps
Major Ground Conflict Start Date End Date
Aisne May 27, 1918 June 5, 1918
Aisne-Marne July 18, 1918 August 6, 1918
Cambrai May 12, 1917 December 4, 1917
Champagne-Marne July 15, 1918 July 18, 1918
Lys April 9, 1918 April 27, 1918
Meuse-Argonne September 26, 1918 November 11, 1918
Montdidier-Noyon June 9, 1918 June 13, 1918
Oise-Aisne August 18, 1918 November 11, 1918
St. Mihiel September 12, 1918 September 16, 1918
Somme-Defensive March 21, 1918 April 6, 1918
Somme-Offensive August 8, 1918 November 11, 1918
Vittorio-Veneto October 24, 1918 November 4, 1918
Ypres-Lys August 19, 1918 November 11, 1918
For general defense service, not involving a specific battle, the "Defensive Sector" Battle Clasp was authorized. The clasp was also awarded for any battle which was not already recognized by its own battle clasp.
The World War I Victory Medal bears the clasps of the battles the U.S. Army participated in across the ribbon. Not all battles are shown on the bar clasps. Only the battles designated as battles that would have bars issued were shown on the medal. The famous Battle of Chateau Thierry to hold the Chateau and the bridge as a joint effort between the US Army and the US Marines against the German machine gunners did not get awarded clasps.
Navy Battle Clasps[edit]
Navy battle clasps were issued for naval service in support of Army operations and had identical names to the Army battle clasps. There was a slight variation of the criteria dates for the Navy battle clasps, as listed below.[4]
Navy Battle Clasps
Aisne June 1, 1918 June 5, 1918
Aisne-Marne July 18, 1918 July 20, 1918
Meuse-Argonne September 29, 1918 October 10, 1918
Meuse-Argonne October 25, 1918 November 11, 1918
Ypres-Lys (Service in support of the Northern Bombing Group)
The Defensive Sector Clasp was also authorized for Navy personnel who had participated in naval combat but were not authorized a particular battle clasp.
Defensive Sector Clasp on Ribbon
Navy Operational Clasps[edit]
For sea-related war duty, the Navy issued the following operational clasps, which were worn on the World War I Victory Medal and inscribed with the name of the duty type which had been performed:[4]
Navy Operational Clasps
Operation Start Date End Date
Armed Guard: Merchant personnel(freighters, tankers, and troop ship) April 6, 1917 November 11, 1918
Asiatic: Service on any vessel that visited a Siberian port April 6, 1917 November 11, 1918
Asiatic: Port visit must have exceeded ten days in length November 12, 1918 March 30, 1920
Atlantic Fleet: Service in the Atlantic Fleet May 25, 1918 November 11, 1918
Aviation: Service involving flying over the Atlantic Ocean May 25, 1918 November 11, 1918
Destroyer: Service on destroyers on the Atlantic Ocean May 25, 1918 November 11, 1918
Escort: Personnel regularly attached to escort vessels on the North Atlantic April 6, 1917 November 11, 1918
Grand Fleet: Personnel assigned to any ship of the "United States Grand Fleet" December 9, 1917 November 11, 1918
Mine Laying: Service in mine laying sea duty May 26, 1918 November 11, 1918
Mine Sweeping: Service in mine sweeping sea duty April 6, 1917 November 11, 1918
Mobile Base: Service on tenders and repair vessels April 6, 1917 November 11, 1918
Naval Battery: Service as a member of a naval battery detachment July 10, 1918 November 11, 1918
Overseas: Service on shore in allied or enemy countries of Europe April 6, 1917 November 11, 1918
Patrol: War patrol service on the Atlantic Ocean May 25, 1918 November 11, 1918
Salvage: Salvage duty performed on the seas April 6, 1917 November 11, 1918
Submarine: Submarine duty performed on the Atlantic Ocean May 25,1918 November 11, 1918
Submarine Chaser: Anti-submarine duty performed on the Atlantic Ocean May 18, 1918 November 11, 1918
Transport: Personnel regularly attached to a transport or cargo vessel April 6, 1917 November 11, 1918
White Sea: Service on any vessel which visited a Russian port or war patrols in the White Sea not less than ten days November 12, 1918 July 31, 1919
Unlike the army, the navy only allowed one clasp of any type to be worn on the ribbon. Members of the marine or medical corps who served in France but was not eligible for a battle clasp would receive a bronze Maltese cross on their ribbons.[4]
Army Service Clasps[edit]
For non-combat service with the army during the First World War, the following service clasps were authorized to be worn with the World War I Victory Medal. Each service claps was inscribed with a country or region name where support service was performed. The U.S. Army issued the following service clasps:[1]
Army Service Clasps
Country or Region Start Date End Date
England April 6, 1917 November 11, 1918
France April 6, 1917 November 11, 1918
Italy April 6, 1917 November 11, 1918
Siberia November 23, 1918 April 1, 1920
Russia November 12, 1918 August 5, 1919
Navy Service Clasps[edit]
The U.S. Navy issued similar service clasps to the Army for service in the following regions during the following periods:[4]
Navy Service Clasps
Region Start Date End Date
Russia November 12, 1918 July 31, 1919
Siberia November 12, 1918 March 30, 1920
West Indies April 6, 1917 November 11, 1918
Campaign Stars[edit]
Since battle and service clasps could only be worn on the full-sized World War I Victory Medal, 3/16 inch bronze service stars were authorized for wear on the award ribbon. This was the common method of campaign and battle display when wearing the World War I Victory Medal as a ribbon on a military uniform.
Maltese Cross device on U.S. WWI Victory Medal
Maltese Cross[edit]
Medals issued to U.S. Marines were issued with a Maltese cross device affixed to the ribbon.
Distribution[edit]
The World War I Victory Medals were awarded after the end of World War I, so they were mailed to the servicemen instead of awarded in person. For example, the boxes containing the Victory Medals for United States Army World War I veterans were mailed out by the depot officer at the General Supply Depot, U.S. Army, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in April 1921. An outer light brown box with an address label glued to it and its postage area marked "OFFICIAL BUSINESS, Penalty for private use $300" contained an inner white box stamped with the bars the serviceman was supposed to receive on his medal. The inner white box contained the medal, which was wrapped in tissue paper.
Only after filling out the application form A.G.O. No. 740 with the help of an authorized officer could it be officially forwarded to the Philadelphia Quartermaster Intermediate Depot for the veteran then to receive his medal by mail. The Army started issuing Victory Medals on June 21, 1920, not April 1921 as listed above. The Navy had a late start due to production issues and started in August 1920.[8]
Name change[edit]
In 1945, the "Victory Ribbon" was created as an award for those who served in World War II. Between 1945 and 1947, the World War I award continued to be known by its original name, the "Victory Medal", and the World War II award was known as the "Victory Ribbon". In 1947, the Victory Ribbon became a full-sized medal as the World War II Victory Medal, at which point the World War I Victory Medal adopted its current name. However, some military records as late as the 1950s continued to annotate the World War I decoration by its previous name, and the medal was often referred to as "Victory Medal (WWI)".
An international award[edit]
Not only did the United States issue a Victory Medal, but so did a significant number of Allied and associated countries involved in the conflict against the Dual Alliance between Austria and Germany.
The proposition of such a common award was first made by French Maréchal Ferdinand Foch who was supreme commander of the Allied Forces during the First World War. Each medal in bronze has the same diameter (36 mm) and ribbon (double rainbow), but with a national design representing a winged victory.[a]
Country Designer Manufacturer Number issued
Belgium Paul Du Bois (1859–1938) — 300,000–350,000
Brazil Jorge Soubre (1890–1934)
Casa da Moeda Rio
approximately 2,500
Cuba Charles Charles
Etablissements Chobillon
Czechoslovakia Otakar Španiel (1881–1955)
Kremnice Mint
approximately 89,500
France Pierre-Alexandre Morlon (1878–1951)
approximately 2,000,000
France [b] Charles Charles
France[b]
M. Pautot
Louis Octave Mattei
United Kingdom[c] William McMillan (1887–1977)
Wright & Son
6,334,522 plus
Greece Henry-Eugène Nocq (1868–1944)
V. Canale
approximately 200,000
Italy Gaetano Orsolini (1884–1954)
Sacchini-Milano
S. Johnson-Milano
F. M. Lorioli & Castelli-Milano
Japan[d] Shoukichi Hata
Osaka Mint
Poland[e] .... Vlaitov
Mint Kremnica
Portugal João Da Silva (1880–1960)
Romania .... Kristesko — approximately 300,000
Siam (Thailand) Itthithepsan Kritakara (1890–1935) — approximately 1,500
South Africa[f] William McMillan (1887–1977)
United States James Earle Fraser (1876–1953)
Arts Metal Works Inc.
S. G. Adams Stamp & Stationary Co.
Jos. Mayer Inc.
Main source:[9]
Awards and decorations of the United States military
Silver Citation Star
World War II Victory Medal (United States)
^ Except Japan and Siam where the concept of a winged victory was not culturally relevant. The Interallied Victory Medals of World War I by Alexander J. Laslo, Dorado Publishing, Albuquerque. 1986 edition.
^ a b Unofficial. The Interallied Victory Medals of World War I by Alexander J. Laslo, Dorado Publishing, Albuquerque. 1986 edition.
^ Awarded not only to British combatants but as well to those from the dominions of Canada, Australia, Newfoundland, New Zealand and those from the Empire of India. The Interallied Victory Medals of World War I'' by Alexander J. Laslo, Dorado Publishing, Albuquerque. 1986 Edition
^ On the obverse the winged figure of Victory was replaced by a warrior holding a spear. The Interallied Victory Medals of World War I by Alexander J. Laslo, Dorado Publishing, Albuquerque. 1986 edition.
^ For reasons still not known, Poland did not proceed with the manufacture of the medal at their mint. The medal shows a clearly visible "MK" ( Mint Kremnica). The medal may possibly be an unofficial strike by a veteran's group. The Interallied Victory Medals of World War I by Alexander J. Laslo, Dorado Publishing, Albuquerque. 1986 edition.
^ The text on the reverse is in English and Dutch. The Interallied Victory Medals of World War I by Alexander J. Laslo, Dorado Publishing, Albuquerque. 1986 edition.
^ a b c "World War I Victory Medal". The Institute of Heraldry: Office of the Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the ARMY. Retrieved January 5, 2014.
^ The Type I Victory Medal 1914-19. Richard Flory. Orders & Medals Research Society Journal, September 2009, page 145
^ Joslin, Litherland and Simpkin. British Battles and Medals. pp. 230-1. Published Spink, London. 1988.
^ a b c d e f "World War I Victory Medal". Naval History and Heritage Command. Retrieved February 9, 2014.
^ 578.54 World War I Victory Medal
^ Institute of Heraldry, Silver Star; Citation Star
^ Navy and Marine Corps Awards Manual, NAVPERS 15,790 Rev. 1953.
^ World War I, Victory Medals, By James P Michels Jr, Createspace/Amazon.com, 2014, page 29.
^ The Interallied Victory Medals of World War I by Alexander J. Laslo, Dorado Publishing, Albuquerque. 1986 edition.
Inter-Allied Victory Medal of World War I by country
Siam (Thailand)
United States campaign, expeditionary, and service medals
Civil War Campaign Medal
Indian Campaign Medal
Dewey Medal
Sampson Medal
Cardenas Medal of Honor
West Indies Campaign Medal
Spanish Campaign Medal
Spanish War Service Medal
Army of Cuban Occupation Medal
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Philippine Congressional Medal
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Nicaraguan Campaign Medal
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NC-4 Medal
Second Nicaraguan Campaign Medal
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Aftermath of World War I
Awards established in 1919
Interallied Victory Medals of World War I
United States campaign medals
Works by James Earle Fraser
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This page was last edited on 8 November 2019, at 10:47 (UTC).


text:
Q: How can you create a test project to debug (with stepping into) a web service? I hope this I can explain what I am trying to achieve: I want to be able to create a unit test in the same solution as my web service, have it fire up the web service environment and be able to set breakpoints in the unit test code and in the web service code and have the debugger stop on both of them. Is this possible?

A: I've done it once, and it was a huge pain with little benefit. I recommend against it. There are a couple of edge cases that actually testing the serialization will catch, but most of those (with the possible exception of passing large amounts of data) will be found during acceptance testing.
My recommendation would be to keep your webmethods as bare as possible, down to a line or two of code if you can. Move all of your business logic to one or more Plain Old CLR Objects (POCOs). Those can be in the same project as your web service or in a separate class library (in the same 2008 solution is fine); separation would allow for more reuse.
Create another class library (again, in the same solution) for your unit tests. Have it reference only the business logic library. Tests against those methods will be relatively fast.
The webmethods might contain some simple logic (convert arrays to lists, create objects, etc.), but try to keep them simple enough so that they are unlikely to break.
You can use breakpoints with a test integration like ReSharper, or simply by running NUnit and attaching to the process in the VS debugger. (Probably similar for other test frameworks.)
WCF might be worth looking into as well; I think it has some features that might help you. (I'm not a WCF expert.)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


There's something special about camping along Virginia's coast — the smell of salt air, the waves lapping you to sleep in your lounge chair, . . .
Though the calendar says we're still a couple of weeks away from the official start of spring, now is the time to start thinking about . . .


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My sketching tours in Edinburgh's beautiful West End are running twice weekly throughout August 2016.
I am a week into my sketching tours and they are going great, despite last weeks showery weather my fellow sketchers created some great work while walking around the city's thriving shopping and business district.
Surrounded by stunning Georgian architecture and colourful shops the West End has always been a must see area for visitors to Edinburgh, and a favourite place for me to draw.
Join me on one of my sketch tours and you will capture in detail the historical architecture, unique heritage features and charming landscape as you explore Edinburgh's West End with a sketch book in hand, using ink and watercolour to bring your visit to life.
Under my watchful and encouraging eye you will quickly pick up sketching skills while increasing confidence in your own artistic ability as we wynd our way through cobbled streets, Georgian crescents and stylish shop fronts.
Once you've filled your pages with beautiful West End images, we'll end our tour at Strumpets on William Street where you'll add watercolour to your sketches. Strumpets homemade cakes are a popular indulgence in the West End and they have kindly offered all tour sketchers a 10% discount on the day!
All abilities are welcome and encouraged so follow the links below to book your place. I look forward to sketching with you soon!
Explore Edinburgh's West End with a sketch book in hand, using ink and watercolour to bring your visit to life, under the guidance of Edinburgh Sketcher, Mark Kirkham.
I am wondering when you are next doing walking sketching in Edinburgh thank you. for 2017.


dont like this grid. goodnight all.
you were hoping for a big one, torgone?
Nah, this looks "interesting" ..
I got a ta6 ..
Does the co8/9 work off the co6, please?
it's a tired stiddy... even WITH glasses the letters are blurry tonight.
I was so glad to finally meet her -- wish I'd been able to get there sooner. :-( we only had a couple of hours to visit between my drive time/chores and when they had to be back in the terminal.
ikr? i was fortunate to have her stay over one night between flights. talked ourselves silly.
I suggested that next time she plan a couple-day layover so she can actually see something of the area beyond the airport!
We talked a lot, and I enjoyed meeting her son, too. Nice young man.
stats on the lone 'x', please?
looks like a word that always reminds me of peanut brittle, anike... or a writing tool concatenated to spanish "night"
Could someone re-clue the pe7, please?
don and i are thinking of going to kiwiland for at least a couple of weeks. might wait for weather which is a little more settled tho'.
pe7. writing implement + vowel + ***ese and crackers make a good snack.
Could I get the stats for the lone 'a' in the 2nd column, please?
cooee matty. you still here?
when all at once i saw a crowd..
((Rosie)) are you still here?
*pinches herself* i think so ruby.
We really needed the rain and althoiugh it's very dark, it is a gentle pleasure.
Are you still reeling from Brexit? I remain shocked and hope that it won't help Trumpffft get elected!
To reach or achieve a goal say?
I love how the consonant heavy side of the grid only has one available word. What an odd set up of letters.
co 8/50; 9/66 - HELP!
Thank you, Molly! What a word.
May I ask if you know if the 7 letter word is related to the 8 & 9 lettered words?
yuo got the ice cream bit yes?
Ruby the Irish man's name is the one we celebrate the holiday about, short form.
Alas my time is up for playing babble for now. Nice to see you all. Bye for now.
Molly, did my package arrive?
thanks sorry I have that one need the other one, please?
yw Marc and now fw and time for coffee!
Still cannot see the extension to the ice cream holder!
Finito! I curse the hog-nosed skunk.
There is another pi5/12, Ishult.
boy I've missed seeing those fireworks!!!
Pffth. Our dog already got sprayed by skunk a few weeks ago. We saw a mama pepe and two peppettes in the neighborhood last night.
Okay. Gotta jet. See y'all tomorrow!
Judi is so hip. She's "jettin"
any one have a clue for the co 8/9?
ive had my eye on one + missed it last time it was on sale. but i got it on double-sale today, so SCORE!
how do you get a co4/4?
is it a convertible crib?
yes, i bought the guardrail to convert it to a toddler bed.
i couldve also bought the conversion kit to make it a full, but i doubt we will actually do that, so i opted against that.
Eva, now that you are going to be a mother, you need to eliminate phrases like "pulled the trigger" from your vocabulary. Otherwise you will be getting visits from CPS.
ty for the ax. nbt !
just dove in + ive already grayed out the 2 right columns!
may I ask when the baby is due, EvaNadine?
I am so happy for you but it does not get too muggy where you live. The baby will be just the right age to enjoy the colours and sounds of Christmas!
see by the chat that the 8 is a co -- have co 6 x2 -- is the 8 related to either?
an Nahuatl is what race from what continent?
Aztec word for us plebeians. It is a hog nosed skunk.
and there is no English word for a hog nosed skunk?
It's like tenrec, nene and inia. Those oddball Enable list makers are enthralled with strange, unfamiliar to most, animals. People think they come off as "intellectual" when they spout words like that. Um...no.
thought I had tried it already!
Wow, I'm surprised Mojitos are popular in the land of gin, Scotch, Irish whiskey and ale.
Thanks, Molly.How about the ce?
ty. darn i just missed it.
I just started so I don't have any of the 7, 8 or 9.
Which A word 2nd column?
yes second column 2nd row please.
the clues i ask for are WEIRD WORDS very hard to clue. so nef, i appreciated the joke.
ry for ax. great clue. ty.
Thank you mug. I felt awful after I read that & saw you were gone.
if anyone has clues for the 7 or 9 i would love them. ty.
(& I need to take spell check off when playing Babble. Sorry about messing up your name!
the co8 is a type of animal similar to a skunk native to the SW US and Mexico.
the co8 is not a weasel, skunks are, but yes, they look very similar.
wow! Sounds like you know them well! Have you lived down there?
no, saw the word was from Nahuatl and went and read about it.
through years, i've lived mostly in the DC area, for a bit in Madrid, and for a while in Boston.
which channel or network, lil?
They asked if your man posed naked for a sports calendar, what kind of ball would he hold that would hide his manhood?
xe5 is a street in DC.
dc do you still live out Dulles way?
hi all. back now. spent hours in bed bath and beyond to buy a few items.
anyone have clues for the 7 or 9 letter words?
hard to believe that co word has a plural but ty. got it.
ty got the 7 too. great clues as always granny. ty.
Thanks dc; staying 3 weeks and doing two major brew fests while there.


My T Chai is a small company with a big heart, as truly home-grown businesses often are.
We began in a small kitchen with individual pots of chai brewed for visiting family and friends who encouraged growth so enthusiastically that before long, it had spilled over to the dining room table and eventually, turned into a chai kingdom.
Integrity is a big deal in our family, and we make our teas with real ingredients. No preservatives, no artificial flavourings, just authentic spices, tea leaves and a whole lot of love. And that, we believe, makes all the difference in the world.
Just put on the kettle and see for yourself.
In keeping with our initial vision to create a chai tea company that offers healthy alternatives to the existing brands, we pride ourselves in providing the healthiest and best teas available by utilising the finest ingredients in an uncomplicated way.
My T Chai is authentic masala chai, made simple. Combining Indian and African traditions, our teas are a blend of natural flavour, health and enjoyment. Free from additives and synthetic compounds. Our recipes have been refined over time to yield a delicate balance of sweet and hot flavours in every cup, certain to tantalize your palette, comfort and relax, leaving you feeling at peace with yourself and the world.
Our Rooibos chai is a blend of choice spices and superior grade rooibos tea, is a great caffeine free and antioxidant rich cup of chai. Let the bag steep for 5 minutes to let the flavours develop fully.
Feel free to add your favourite milk or non-dairy alternative and your own choice of sweetener.
Superior Rooibos tea, cinnamon bark, cardomon seed, ginger root, clove bud, black pepper seed and love.
Our Black Tea Chai blend of warm spices with a solid blend of African and traditional Indian Assam tea gives you that classic cup of chai!
Warm the cup (or pot) very well and let the bag steep for a full 5 minutes to let the flavours fully develop. This tea is best had with milk and a sweetener of choice, to bring out the best of the flavours.
A unique blend of Assam and African teas, cinnamon bark, cardomon seed, ginger root, clove bud, black pepper seed and love.
Our Yogi Chai is a unique blend of choice spices and herbs to give you a superior cleansing healthful drink, rich in antioxidants and free of caffeine.
We suggest you heat the cup (or pot) and leave the bag in for as long as you can. This will give you a wonderfully strong spicy drink. Enjoy with or without milk (we love it with full cream milk) and sweeten to taste. Try a little honey.This is a wonderful coffee and black tea alternative.
Cinnamon bark, cardomon seed, ginger root, chicory, clove bud, black pepper seed and love.
Our Green Rooibos Chai is a super antioxidant rich cup of chai. The subtle combination of choice spices and superior grade unfermented rooibos gives you a delicate caffeine free cuppa. It is a smooth, gentle, calming tea.
Let the bag steep for 5 minutes at least to let the flavours develop fully. Try it with honey.
Superior Green (unfermented) Rooibos tea, cinnamon bark, cardomon seed, ginger root, clove bud, black pepper seed and love.
Honeybush Chai is as a wonderful addition to our range of caffeine free and antioxidant rich range of teas. We use our same unique blend of choice spices to give you a deliciously refreshing cup of chai.
We suggest you heat the cup (or pot) and leave the bag in for as long as you can. This will give you a wonderfully strong spicy drink. Enjoy with or without milk (we prefer without), and do try a little honey.
Honeybush, Cinnamon bark, cardamom seed, ginger root, clove bud, black pepper seed.
Our Chocolate chai blends Rooibos, spices with indulgent and anti oxidant rich raw cacao to give you a delicious hint of decadence. As always let the bag steep for 5 minutes to let the flavours develop fully. This tea is delicious with milk and a sweetener of choice, to bring out the best of the flavours.
Rooibos, cinnamon bark, cardamom seed, cacao seed, vanilla pod, ginger root, clove bud, black pepper seed.
It's always best to warm the cup (or pot) very well and let the bag steep for a full 5 minutes to let the flavours fully develop. This tea is best had with milk and a sweetener of choice, to bring out the best of the flavours.
Rooibos tea, cinnamon bark, cardamom seed, ginger root, Vanilla pod, clove bud, black pepper seed.
My T Chai Instant chai is a convenient blend of flavour, warmth and comfort, that is free from most of the synthetic compounds and additives found in processed modern beverages. Just add water, stir and enjoy a spicy latte style drink. Perfect anytime.
My T Chai Instant dairy free chai is our nurturing and delicious cane sugar free, spiced latte style drink, blended especially for Chai lovers. Free too from lactose, caffeine and preservatives, low in fat and cholesterol, My T Chai instant dairy free chai is suitable for vegetarians.
Besides providing the world with outstanding tea, it is our mission to be profitable with as small a carbon footprint as possible. We love tea, but we love and care for the earth even more, which is why we are constantly looking for ways to reduce our carbon footprint.
All our products are both Kosher and Halaal certified.
Legend has it that masala chai was invented by a royal king in the ancient courts of India and Siam who protected the recipe as one of his treasures. There are those who say its roots can be traced unmistakably to the Hindu natural healing system Ayurveda, in which combinations of spices, herbs and sweeteners are used to cure bodily ailments. The original recipe was created out of the need for a remedy to combat minor discomforts for those without easy access to medical care. As such, chai became available to the general populace who drank the tea daily for its cleansing and regenerative qualities. And others say masala tea evolved from the time when the British arrived and popularised tea drinking in the Indian sub continent.
We do know for sure that since its beginning though, chai recipes have varied, and today, they differ by region, neighborhood and even by household. Recipes are handed down from generation to generation, so that having a cup of chai does not simply mean enjoying a relaxing beverage, in communion with family and colleagues but also experiencing a family tradition.
Assam tea is the main ingredient in our black tea chai, and the traditional tea found in chai. Assam (Camellia sinensis var assamica) is a black tea named after the Assam region in the north east corner of India. This tea grown at sea level is known for its body, briskness, malty flavour, and strong, bright colour.
Assam remains one of India's least-populated regions. The mountains are inhabited by tribes whose way of life has not changed for thousands of years and its river is revered by the Assamese people. Home of the tiger and the one-horned rhino, this valley is dominated by the Brahmaputra River – a large slowly meandering river which over millennia of spring and fall flooding has deposited a rich loam over the valley. The soil is deep and sandy and the region suffers a very hot and steamy monsoon season, but equally important, a relatively dry and cool winter; perfect conditions for the Assam tea bush. Despite being mostly jungle and mountain, it is the world's single largest tea-growing region, producing more than 1,500,000 pounds of tea annually. In India, chai is made by boiling the leaves in a mixture of milk, water and sugar and spices. The Assam teas produce a rich red colour when boiled, thus adding a beautiful colour which comes through the white of the milk, yet does not produce a bitter taste.
The main ingredient in our rooibos chai. The shrub Aspalathus linearis, which grows up to two metres high, is endemic to the slopes of the Cederberg mountain range in the Western Cape, thriving on the area's winter rainfall and coarse sandy soil. Its Afrikaans name comes from the fine needle-like leaves of the plant which turn red when they are fermented. It is not part of the plant family, it is officially recognised as a herbal infusion rather than a tea, yet is widely and fondly referred to as rooibos tea. For centuries, the indigenous people of the Clanwilliam region, the Khoi, made a tea from the rooibos by first cutting off the twigs, bruising the leaves with hammers, fermenting them and then drying them in the sun. Naturally attuned to the surrounding plant kingdom, the Khoi have relied on the rooibos herb as a powerful remedy against many ailments for hundreds of years.
Rooibos tea is very popular as a health beverage since it contains no stimulants, such as caffeine, and only trace amounts of tannins.
It is also rich in volatile compounds, minerals and other active ingredients which give it its favourable medicinal effects.
Rooibos contains an abundance of flavonoids, which include aspalathin (found only in rooibos tea), nothofagin, vitexin, isovitexin, orientin, isoquercitrin, luteolin and quercetin. Many of its health-promoting properties are linked to the antioxidant effect of these flavonoids.
Recent studies have shown that the tea's antioxidant effect is made possible by superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic substances. SOD is one of the best-known enzymes in the human body able to neutralise free oxygen radicals as soon as they are formed. Free oxygen radicals cause damage to body proteins and fats, as well as to our DNA (or hereditary material). An imbalance in the body's oxidant levels is believed to be a contributing factor in a broad spectrum of diseases, including atherosclerosis, inflammatory disease (for example, arthritis), heart disease, Alzheimer's disease, cancer and Aids related diseases.
The antioxidant effect of rooibos tea is thought to be similar to that of green tea.
In addition, rooibos is also well known for helping relieve constipation, various types of inflammatory dermatitis, and even milk allergies in babies.
The Japanese have also found that the tea helps suppress the occurrence of herpes simples in people who suffer from recurrent herpes.
Drinking rooibos tea contributes to the maintenance of healthy skin, bones, and teeth and enhances the metabolic processes. • Rooibos tea also has anti-depressant and anti-asthmatic qualities.
Minerals include iron, potassium, calcium, copper, zinc, magnesium, fluoride, manganese and sodium.
Rooibos is used increasingly in skin care and baby products.
Rooibos is processed in two different ways, producing two distinct teas, and is the main ingredient in our green rooibos chai. Ordinarily the green leaves and stems are picked, bruised and left to ferment. The fermentation process turns the leaves and the resulting tea into a rich amber colour, which led to the name 'rooibos', an Afrikaans word meaning 'red bush'. Recent research conducted by the Agricultural Research Council (ARC), Infruitec-Nietvoorbij and the Medical Research Council of South Africa, has revealed that green rooibos contains more antioxidants than South Africa's traditional red coloured brew.
The new green rooibos is prepared in much the same way, but it is not fermented, which is why it is higher in antioxidants, as many are destroyed during the fermentation process. Unfermented rooibos has a mild taste which is reminiscent of green tea but without the astringent taste. Fermented rooibos on the other hand, has a stronger, sweeter, fruitier taste.
Cardamom is one of the oldest spices in the world and was used widely in ancient Egypt to make perfumes. Its medicinal uses, however, are less well known.
Cardamom has been employed in Ayurvedic medicine for thousands of years, and is an excellent remedy for many digestive problems, helping to soothe indigestion, wind, and stomach pain.
Volatile oil research in the 1960s showed that the volatile oil has a strong antispasmodic action, confirming the herb's effectiveness in relieving wind and treating colic and griping.
When added to chai, cardamom helps inhibit the mucus-forming properties of milk, and is an excellent warming and anti-mucus stimulant to add to lung tonics.
It also is used to treat enuresis (involuntary urination).
Cardamom is used in India for many conditions, including asthma, bronchitis, kidney stones, anorexia, and debility and used, according to Ayurvedic diagnosis, to treat weakened vata.
In China, the herb is taken for urinary incontinence and as a tonic.
Cardamom is an effective treatment for bad breath, and when taken with garlic, helps to reduce its strong smell.
The spice also has a long-lasting reputation as an aphrodisiac.
As well as being one the world's most important spices, cinnamon is an ancient herbal medicine, first written about in the Jewish religious text, the Torah. Cinnamon has a long history of use in India and was first used medicinally in Egypt and parts of Europe from about 500 BC. Traditionally, the herb was taken for colds, flu and digestive problems, and is still used in much the same way today. Cinnamon is a very mild spice that is well tolerated by a broad spectrum of people. It is now widely cultivated as a spice and a medicine, but, traditionally, only bark from wild trees was used for medicinal purposes.
Clove is used as a herbal medicine, particularly in India and South East Asia. Native to the Molucca Islands, cloves were one of the earliest spices to be traded and were imported into Alexandria in AD 176. The clove bud contains the best essential oil, but the stems and leaves of the tree can also be distilled for their oil.
It is strongly anaesthetic and antiseptic, and therefore useful in pain relief for toothache and as antiseptic for many conditions.
Cloves have been used in South-East Asia for thousands of years and were regarded as a panacea for almost all ills.
The antiseptic property of cloves makes them useful for treating certain viral conditions. In, tropical Asia, they have often been given to treat infections such as malaria, cholera and tuberculosis, and parasites such as scabies.
Antispasmodic digestive discomfort, such as wind, colic and abdominal bloating, can be relieved with cloves.
Their antispasmodic property also eases coughs and, applied topically, relieves muscle spasms.
Cloves are a stimulant, both to the mind (improving memory) and to the body as a whole, and have been used as an aphrodisiac in India and in the West.
They are cordial, warming and strengthening, soothing the nerves as well as stimulating them.
Besides all their other uses, cloves can be used to treat acne, skin ulcers, sores and styes.
They also make a potent mosquito and clothes moth repellent. Oranges studded with cloves were used in the Moluccas as insect repellents.
Familiar as a spice and flavouring, ginger is also one of the world's best medicines. It has been revered in Asia since the earliest times, and in medieval Europe it was thought to have derived from the Garden of Eden.
Ginger is one of the most widely beneficial and warming stimulants.
It is considered one of the best herbs to use for nausea and vomiting.
It warms the centre (stomach), aids digestion and assimilation, relieves cold spasms and cramps and promotes menses.
Ginger is highly effective for travel sickness. Trials at St Bartholomew's Hospital in London in 1990 found the herb to be more effective than conventional medicines in relieving post-operative nausea.
In a trial in China, 70% of patients with bacillary dysentery who were given ginger made a full recovery.
Ginger is an excellent remedy for many digestive complaints, such as indigestion, nausea, wind and colic.
It relieves travel sickness and morning sickness.
Ginger's antiseptic qualities also make it highly beneficial for gastro- intestinal infections, including some types of food poisoning.
Ginger stimulates the circulation, and helps blood to lift to the surface, making it an important remedy for chilblains and poor circulation to the hands and feet. By improving the circulation, ginger helps high blood pressure.
It also increases perspiration, and helps reduce body temperature in fever.
Nutmeg is used primarily to stimulate the digestion and to treat infections of the digestive tract.
It has also long been valued as an aphrodisiac and as a remedy for rheumatism.
Nutmeg tea taken at night is a mild soporific which will induce sleep in the wakeful and is also given for a slow digestion.
Nutmeg is a calmative helpful for vomiting, flatulence and to aid digestion.
It can also be used for severe diarrhoea. In small doses nutmeg is a tonic.
Nutmeg essential oil has an anaesthetic and stimulating effect on the stomach and intestines, increasing appetite and reducing nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea.
It is a helpful remedy for many digestive problems, especially gastroenteritis.
In China, nutmeg is used specifically for diarrhoea, helping to bind and warm the intestines, relieve abdominal pain and distension due to 'cold'.
Cultivated as a spice and a medicine since ancient times, pepper was a vital commodity in world trade for thousands of years. Attila the Hun is reputed to have demanded 1,360kg (3,000.1b) of pepper as ransom during his siege of the city of Rome (AD 408).
The familiar sharp taste of pepper reflects the stimulant and antiseptic effect it has on the digestive tract and the circulatory system.
Pepper is taken, either alone or in combination with other herbs and spices, to improve digestive function in cases of nausea, stomach ache, flatulence, bloating, constipation or lack of appetite.
The essential oil eases rheumatic pain and toothache.
It is antiseptic and antibacterial, and reduces fever.
Black pepper is a warming digestive remedy and detoxifier.
Black Pepper is shown to be an anti-oxidant, it reduces free radicals and prevents the depletion of glutathione, and it prevents the destruction of other anti-oxidants, such as vitamin A.
With honey, it is a powerful expectorant and mucus cleanser, drying up secretions.
It's Tea, but not as you know it.
We are extremely proud to stock a variety of boutique and specialty stores around the country. Including deli's, health stores and coffee shops.
My T Chai can also be found at all major retailers. Including Spar, Pick n Pay, Checkers, and Dischem Pharmacies.
If you have any trouble at all in finding our teas, let us know by contacting us and we will advise as to your nearest stockist.
Let's Find You Some My T Chai!
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My T Chai would love to hear from you!
From store locations to feedback regarding our products, we are always available.
Please complete the contact form and we'll be in response soonest.
5. Unit G34 Boulevard Way, Capricorn Park, Muizenberg, 7945 is down to the right.


text:
A trademark or service mark is a word, name, logo, symbol or design that identifies the source of a product or service, distinguishing it from the competition. While trademarks are used to identify products, service marks are used to identify services. Both marks are afforded the same protections and subject to the same requirements.
To qualify for trademark protection, the mark must be used in commerce and it must be distinctive. Trademark law is tied to the power of Congress to regulate interstate commerce.Therefore, to qualify for federal trademark protection a mark must be used in interstate commerce. Marks used in intrastate commerce are eligible for state trademark protection. If a mark is not being used in commerce at the time a trademark application is filed, the mark may still be registered if you can establish a good faith intent to use the trademark in commerce on a future date. Nevertheless, trademark rights are awarded to the first individual or entity to actually use the mark in commerce.
The trademark must also be sufficiently distinctive to identify and distinguish the goods or services from those of other sources. Distinctiveness generally falls within one of four categories: 1) arbitrary or fanciful; 2) suggestive; 3) descriptive; and 4) generic.
A trademark categorized as arbitrary or fanciful, or suggestive, is automatically considered to be inherently distinctive, and the exclusive right to use the mark is determined solely based on who was first to use the mark in commerce. Descriptive trademarks are only protected if the mark has acquired secondary meaning to members of the public. If the mark merely describes the type of product or service, it will not stand out and leave an impression in the minds of consumers. Generic terms are ineligible for any trademark protection. A trademark may be generic at the outset, or it can become generic over time through common usage, such as "aspirin".
Trademarks can be registered at either the federal or state level, depending on whether the product or service will be sold across state lines or within one state only. Registration is not required for trademark protection, but there are significant advantages to registration. Registration puts the public on notice that the mark is used to identify a particular good or service. Under federal law, a registered trademark can achieve incontestable status following five years of continuous use.Under state law in most jurisdictions, even unregistered trademarks are protected under unfair competition laws.
Trademarks that are registered at the federal level are permitted to use the ® designation. Absent registration with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, trademark owners can use the letters "TM" or "SM" in conjunction with the mark, to alert the public of the owner's claim to the mark.
Trademark owners are obligated to protect the mark by taking legal action against any infringers, regardless of how insignificant the infringement may seem. Owners must be consistent in asserting and defending their rights to the mark. Failure to do so could result in a waiver of the right to enforce the mark.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Cardinal Zen calls out Pope Francis for not answering dubia about 'murder' of Chinese Church
The 88-year-old bishop accused Vatican Secretary of State Cardinal Pietro Parolin of 'a trilogy of murdering the Church in China' and 'manipulating the Holy Father.'
Cardinal Joseph Zen speaks with LifeSite in New York on February 14, 2020.Jim Hale / LifeSite
Lianne Laurence
Mon Jul 6, 2020 - 4:59 pm EDT Fri Jun 18, 2021 - 6:06 pm EDT
PETITION: Support Cardinal Zen's plea to stop the "murder of the Church in China"! Sign the petition here.
VATICAN CITY, July 6, 2020 (LifeSiteNews) — It has been a year since Cardinal Joseph Zen made an emergency trip to Rome in an attempt to warn Pope Francis about the Vatican's just-released pastoral document that gives priests in China reasons why they should register with the Communist government.
The 88-year-old retired bishop of Hong Kong marked the anniversary this July by noting on his blog and Twitter that Pope Francis has still not responded to his several "dubia" or criticisms of the document that Zen described as "the most cruel thing" the Vatican has done concerning the Catholic Church in China, and "absolutely against the doctrine of the Church, because it encourages people to be part of a schismatic Church."
Zen also marked the occasion by accusing Vatican Secretary of State Cardinal Pietro Parolin of "single-handedly" completing a "trilogy of murdering the Church in China" and of "manipulating the Holy Father."
He lists the first part of the trilogy as the Vatican's September 2018 provisional secret deal with President Xi Jinping's Communist regime on the appointment of Catholic bishops in China.
While the pope insists the agreement gives him final say on bishop appointments, Zen wrote that he doubts the document, which he has not been permitted to see, is clear on that point.
The trilogy's second part was "more damaging: the legitimization of seven ex-communicated 'bishops,'" Zen wrote.
These were priests who had been illegitimately "ordained" in the state-run Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association, while those in the underground Church who resisted were sent to "to prison or labor camps where they could die."
Not only did Pope Francis reinstate the excommunicated bishops, he gave them jurisdiction over dioceses, even though they "showed no change in their behavior" and "reaffirmed their loyalty to the atheist government," Zen wrote.
"That was astonishing for us: He is giving the sheep to the wolves!"
The third and "most cruel thing is what happened last year around this time," Zen said. This was June 28, 2019, release of the "Pastoral guidance for the civil registration of clergy in China."
With this document, "Cardinal Parolin served the last blow to murder the Church in China," wrote Zen, recalling that when he read the document, he immediately flew to the Vatican to meet with the Holy Father.
He also questioned both the Prefect of the Congregation for Evangelization and the Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. The former said he was not asked to sign off on the guidance, and the latter told Zen that "Now everything about China is exclusively in the hands of the Secretary of State."
Once he arrived in Rome, Zen sent a letter to the pope asking him to be present "at a dialogue between me and Cardinal Parolin, the obvious author of the document."
He described how after receiving no answer, he sent Pope Francis another letter July 1 along with "my 'dubia' about the document, which I judged to be absolutely against the doctrine of the Church, because it encourages people to be part of a schismatic Church."
On July 2, Francis advised Zen by letter to talk to Parolin, at which point the cardinal told the message-bearer: "It would be completely useless; so, please, tell the Holy Father I'm going back empty-handed."
Zen recalled that the pope then invited him to dinner July 3, which Parolin also attended but said little, and during which Francis showed "great affection" to Zen but also "some embarrassment."
The cardinal wrote that he realized Parolin planned the dinner to make it clear that the Holy Father listened to him, not Zen, and that Parolin had no intention of talking about the pastoral guidelines to Zen.
"So I did not come back empty-handed. I had a chance to see with my eyes that Parolin is manipulating the Holy Father," wrote Zen.
In late September, Zen sent all members of the college of cardinals a copy of his book "For the love of my people I will not keep silent," and a letter beseeching them to come to the aid of the Catholic Church in China — communications he made public in January.
However, the new Dean of the College of Cardinals, Cardinal Giovanni Battista Re, "wrote a letter to all Cardinals criticizing my letter," he said, to which Zen responded in March.
"It's now a whole year since my visit to Pope Francis, but still no word from him. I am not sure whether my letters can reach him, so I put now on my blog what I want to say, hoping that he may get the chance to read it through somebody," he wrote.
Meanwhile, Italian journalist Massimo Tosatti reported Sunday that Pope Francis inexplicably dropped from his post-Angelus remarks a message supporting liberty for the people of Hong Kong.
On June 30, Beijing passed a sweeping national security law for Hong Kong that created four new crimes — secession, subversion, terrorist activities and collusion with a foreign country — which carry maximum sentences of life in prison. Zen has blasted the law as destructive to religious freedom and warned it will "destroy Hong Kong."
Journalists were told just before the pope appeared that he would not read a message contained in the Vatican "Bulletin" in which he expresses the "desire that societal freedom, and especially religious freedom, be expressed in full and true liberty" for the people of Hong Kong, wrote Tosatti (as translated by Giuseppe Pellegrino).
"Since the Bulletin is under embargo until the moment when it is spoken, and these words were never spoken, officially it is as if these words never existed," he said. "But they were written, and they are known."
However, "what is not known is what sort of pressure Beijing put on the Pope so that he would not speak on world television about the drama of the former British colony, even in the most delicate and peaceful tones possible," added Tosatti.
China expert Steven Mosher recently looked into the startling claims of Chinese dissident Guo Wengui that the Chinese Communist Party "allocates up to $2 billion a year" to buy the Vatican's silence about its ongoing persecution of the Catholic Church in China and other human rights abuses.
While Guo did not offer evidence to back up his claims, and is known to "play fast and loose" with numbers, his allegations have "a ring of truth," Mosher concluded.
"China is clearly throwing a lot of money around on the world stage in its drive for dominance," and it seems that there are officials in the Vatican who would accept such contributions, "given some of the other shady transactions that have come to light in recent years."
Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association
Giovanni Battista Re
Joseph Zen
Pietro Parolin


The Queen's Park Oval is a sports stadium in Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, used mostly for cricket matches. It opened in 1896. Privately owned by the Queen's Park Cricket Club, it is currently the largest capacity cricket ground in the West Indies with seating for about 20,000.
It has hosted more Test matches than any other ground in the Caribbean with 60 as of January 2018, and also hosted a number of One-Day International (ODI) matches, including many World Series Cricket games in 1979 and matches of the 2007 Cricket World Cup. The Trinidad and Tobago cricket team play most of their home matches at the ground, and it is the home ground of the Caribbean Premier League team Trinbago Knight Riders.
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Answer: Editing comments in WordPress can be done only by the admin.
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A new retreat experience for secondary school students who are engaged with the work of Mary's Meals. They offer spiritual nourishment to young people who are so often hungry for God's love in their lives. The retreat events are led by Craig Lodge Community with guest speakers from Mary's Meals including Magnus MacFarlane-Barrow. They run Tuesdays-Thursdays and include talks, testimonies, prayer, Mass, a Way of the Cross hill climb, praise and worship, a healing and reconciliation service with plenty of fun and fellowship as well. The content is presented in a way that is accessible and enjoyable no matter where someone is on his or her faith journey.
We can accommodate groups of 30-40, accompanied by their teachers and, where possible, by their chaplain too. This retreat is particularly suitable for third year students.
Cost: The suggested donation is £60 per person. We can accommodate up to 40 people per retreat and the minimum number required for a group is 30.


Team boss Dave and Giant Store Sheffield manager Andy had the privilage of delivering 8 shiney new GIANT ARX bikes for the pupils of Sheffield primary school St Joseph's at Handsworth. The school had made good use of funding allocated to promote physical activity amongst their pupils. The school will also make use of the great outdoor space on site and help the kids learn and improve the cycling skills, thus increasing their activity levels in a fun way.
It was a real pleasure to see the young riders faces light up when they started riding.
Previous Post Magnificent 7 24/3/19. Next Post Ambulo. 1/4/19.
Another from last wkends Klondike GP. Kieran Savage in the break.
Roy Thame Memorial RR 9/3/19.


text:
Q: How to get value in different page with javascript What I need to get value price but different item in another page.
Item 1

    Old Price:
     IDR 170,000

    Special Price
     IDR 139,000

Item 2

    IDR  159,000

I want to get value on item 1 is "IDR 139,000" and item 2 is "IDR 159,000" don't use id="product-price-4" because the id change every page.

A:
Use querySelectorAll, return the elements that match the specified group of selectors

Try this:

[].forEach.call(document.querySelectorAll('.price-box .special-price .price,.regular-price .price'),function(item) {
  alert(item.innerHTML);
});

    Old Price:
     IDR 170,000

    Special Price
     IDR 139,000

    IDR  159,000


A fellow blogger, SymbolReader, pointed out the Ressurection archetype in the latest James Bond movie "Skyfall". In my last article I presented transformation as key element in Tolkiens Lord of the Rings. Both triggered a brief follow up about the Rebirth Renovatio aspect of C.G. Jung's Transformation Archetype – written in the Easter Night.
In Lord of the Rings I understood the latter. The transformation (or the quest to counter Mordor transforming the world in a hell ruled by the evil enforced by Orks) takes place outside of the individual. In other words, Frodo has to take part in some rite of Transformation.
Truly the blessed gods have proclaimed a most beautiful secret Death comes as a blessing to men (Elusian epitaph, quoted by C.G Jung).
Today there is the mystery of the Easter Night – of Jesus' Resurrection.
I saw the DVD of Craig's latest 007 flick, "Skyfall recently. The plot has been kept relatively simple, when a hard drive listing all NATO operatives undercover in terrorist organizations is stolen, which cost M essentially her job. Bond sets out to recover the drive, this mission leads him to a man named Silva, who was once also (ab)used by M, questioning Bond's loyalty to M. This movie tells a quite intelligent story with the key characters given much more depth and layers and being less playful than usual (and better than the last two before). In Skyfall, Sam Mendes has provided us with more visual movie than action thriller combining old school Bond with a psychoanalytical twist. It was significant (and had at least a double meaning) to hear James Bond claim "resurrection" as his hobby. To me it was a more a rebirth in the narrow sense within a span of a life and with the implication of healing, improvement. Here is why.
The movie opens with thrilling action, the Skyfall after he was shot bay another Agent (his Anima). This seemingly distressing outcome is critical to the plot, but looks like the end of Agent 007. In fact, the British Secret Service does think it is the end of him. Bond revels in the anonymity and decides to stay "dead." His mission upon his "resurrection" is to get revenge for what's happened to him. He was killed by his mother, giving the order to shoot, causing the Skyfall.James Bond "dies" and falls into deep water, with his eyes closed, unconscious. The fall is mighty, like that of a FallenAngel. Water is the symbol of the unconscious, the Female, back to the Uterus and of course of (Re)birth.
Jung noted in his book Answer to Job, Jahweh failed Job in this story in the Bible. Likewise M gave the order to sacrifice Bond. In a way he understood how she manipulated and used him and let her be killed. That was his revenge. To be honest, as a male Bond fan, I was relieved – almost sighing to the villain: "just shoot her now" to make her retire from the Bond series. Why? Well, l Bond movies were always more stereotypes than archetypes – that's why they reflect the spirit of different times so well. And she was one too. But she overextended her stay. People realize today, women can be just as incompetent and ignorant as men – in politics and in corporations. I am sure the Bond producer understood that as well, that not Craig, but she became the weak link in the last Bond movies. Back to the roots: that was signalled by the choice of the car and Bonds new male Boss at the end of the movie. Anyway.
James Bond isn't a spokesman on moral issues and Craig always had more the appeal of the British under class lad, coming drunken out of a bar in London Camden Town and vomiting on the side walk. I hated the scene where Bond dumped Mathis's body in the dumpster after he died. After recent viewing of that earlier movie again, that scene really disturbed me. Dumping a dead friend into a dumpster, it just didn't feel right… I'm sure there could have been a better way rather than dumping him with garbage at a nearby dumpster. But when he made this ressurection claim in that dry James Bond-ish way in Skyfall, it brought into a focus a major theme of the movie that is worth considering especially in the Easter night: coming back after everyone thought he was gone forever. And I changed my opinion, this guy finally gave his movie character depth. The plot and action lack, but visuals and symbolism is superior.
I agree with "symbolreader" the story is about Bond's redemption and resurrection – not revenge. But there is also the story of Job in there, with an less than godly Jahweh. Resurrection is a religious word. The subject of resurrection is generally restricted to spiritual conversation. Contrast this, then, with the Christian resurrection. The genuine resurrection. That is, the resurrection of Jesus Christ. The whole point of Jesus' death and resurrection was the opposite of revenge.
The point was restoration. Jahweh failed us and humankind rejected Him. He wanted to reunite with us. So he gave his Son Jesus to pay the penalty for our infraction.
Our rejection of God caused a huge gulf between Him and us. Jesus gave up His life and died to pay the price for our sin. With the penalty paid, we could be joined in relationship again with God. The role of the Son, Jesus, was (and is) to restore. That's why we call Him Savior. He saved us. He brought us back to God.
When Bond returns, he is physically humiliated but spiritualized and mentally stronger. Although an oprphan, he is able to separate himself from his (cruel and more and more incapable) surrogate mother aptly named M. In a way, he accepted or at least was relieved that his Shadow Silva killed her.
Tags: SkyFall. Bookmark the permalink.


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The Guidelines resources titled: Get Up & Grow: Healthy Eating and Physical Activity for Early Childhood include a director/coordinator book, a staff and carer book, a cooking for children book, a family book, six posters, fourteen brochures and four stickers.
HW 01: Directors/Coordinators Book -The most detailed of all the Guidelines resources. Provides practical information and advice on early childhood healthy eating and physical activity, how to develop nutrition and physical activity policies and ways to support and encourage staff, carers and families.
HW 02: Staff/Carers Book - Provides practical information and advice on early childhood healthy eating and physical activity to all staff and carers in early childhood settings.
HW 04: Family Book - Provides families with practical information and advice to support healthy eating and encourage physical activity in young children.
HW 03: Cooking for Children Book - Provides information and advice on early childhood nutrition, menu planning and food safety. Contains delicious and nutritious recipes for settings and families.
Stickers - Four full colour stickers for early childhood settings.
Seven full colour booklets covering essential healthy eating and physical activity topics to support childcare staff and families.
Five full colour posters for early childhood settings to encourage healthy eating and physical activity in young kids.
Before clicking submit, please ensure you enter the number of materials required.


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text:
Computer & Software Products & Electr...
COADE
COADE Trademark Information
Trademark by INTERNATIONAL THOMSON INFORMATION, INC.
Computer Programs Recorded on Disks
Computer Program Instructional and Teaching Material
Computer Consulting Services
Computer & Software Products & Electrical & Scientific Products
Computer & Software Services & Scientific Services
programs recorded disks
This is a brand page for the COADE trademark by INTERNATIONAL THOMSON INFORMATION, INC. in *********, **********, ***** ****.
Write a review about a product or service associated with this COADE trademark. Or, contact the owner INTERNATIONAL THOMSON INFORMATION, INC. of the COADE trademark by filing a request to communicate with the Legal Correspondent for licensing, use, and/or questions related to the COADE trademark.
On Thursday, June 28, 1984, a U.S. federal trademark registration was filed for COADE. The USPTO has given the COADE trademark serial number of 73487366. The current federal status of this trademark filing is CONTINUED USE NOT FILED WITHIN GRACE PERIOD, UN-REVIVABLE. The correspondent listed for COADE is STEVE ROSENBLATT of ********,********, ***** **** . The COADE trademark is filed in the category of Computer & Software Products & Electrical & Scientific Products , Paper Goods and Printed Material , Computer & Software Services & Scientific Services . The description provided to the USPTO for COADE is Computer Programs Recorded on Disks.
Scientific, nautical, surveying, photographic, cinematographic, optical, weighing, measuring, signalling, checking (supervision), life-saving and teaching apparatus and instruments; apparatus and instruments for conducting, switching, transforming, accumulating, regulating or controlling electricity; apparatus for recording, transmission or reproduction of sound or images; magnetic data carriers, recording discs; automatic vending machines and mechanisms for coin operated apparatus; cash registers, calculating machines, data processing equipment and computers; fire extinguishing apparatus.
First Use Anywhere:: 3/31/1983
First Use In Commerce: 3/31/1983
Scientific and technological services and research and design relating thereto; industrial analysis and research services; design and development of computer hardware and software.
Word mark: COADE
Goods and Services: Computer Programs Recorded on Disks
INTERNATIONAL THOMSON INFORMATION, INC.
STEVE ROSENBLATT
Trademarkia-Network law firms can help you incorporate a business around your COADE trademark in less than 5 minutes. Trademarkia makes the process easy and convenient, so start now!
STEVE ROSENBLATT is a correspondent of COADE trademark.
Please Rate and Review for COADE
COADE is providing Computer Programs Recorded on Disks.


text:
Q: Does abstract factory introduce tight coupling I have a scenario where I think I am not strictly coding to an interface.
Let's say I have an interface (in some assembly)
public interface IFoo
{
    void GetSomething();
    void SaveSomething();
}

Now, I have an implementation for this as (in some other assembly)
public class FoodB : IFoo
{
   public FoodB(Guid guid, IFoodBConfig config)  //IFoodBConfig is defined in same library where FoodB exists
   {
      ...
   }
}

So, basically the implementation requires guid and config
Now, I have a client (in some other assembly) that wishes to use IFoo, something like
public class Client
{
    public Client(IFoo foo)
    {
       ...
    }
}

DIP says that the implementation must be provided at composition root and the client must not instantiate the object itself. Alright great.
Now, composition root or IoC container decides to inject FoodB as concrete instance but it doesn't have the value for 'guid' since that becomes available during runtime only.
So, we decide on an abstract factory.
public abstract FooFactory
{
    public abstract IFoo GetFoo(Guid guid, IFoodBConfig config);
}

Now, several questions are raised
a) Client constructor must be modified to accept FooFactory and not IFoo which means the client has already made up its mind on what implementation to use. In my opinion this has made the software tightly coupled
b) Even if the Client constructor is modified to accept FooFactory, IFoodBConfig concrete must be supplied to constructor as well and this will now make client reference the library where FoodB exists.
c) Where will the factory declaration and implementation be placed ? Putting FooFactory in the library where IFoo is declared is not correct since the factory has nothing to do with IFoo. Putting FooFactory in FoodB library is also not correct because of the same reason
d) Using abstract factory in short means flexibility of swapping implementation has gone away since client is directory tied to FoodBFactory.
Is the approach incorrect or this is some limitation that we have to live with ?

A: Several points to address in this question.

*

*FooFactory is not an example of an Abstract Factory, at least by the GoF terminology. Abstract Factory != abstract class named Factory.

*The composition root is not required to have all of its arguments at compile time. Modern IoC containers should all support runtime arguments.

a) As @dbugger commented, coupling the client to an abstract class is no different from coupling to an interface.
b) Either the FooBFactory implementation or the IoC container can be pre-configured with FooBConfig. The client then only passes its runtime guid.
c) FooFactory is directly related to IFoo because its purpose is to return an instance of IFoo. Indeed, the return type of its method is IFoo.
d) Flexibility exists because an IoC container can inject different implementations of a Factory Method into the client, allowing the client to acquire different products without having knowledge of either the product implementation or the factory implementation used to instantiate it.
If you're comfortable coupling the client to the IoC container, the client can use the container directly as a factory, eliminating the additional factory interface.


text:
author: slowe
categories: Information
comments: true
date: 2016-09-20T00:00:00Z
tags:
- OpenStack
- VMworld
- Spousetivities
- NSX
- VMUG
title: Spousetivities in Barcelona
url: /2016/09/20/spousetivities-in-barcelona/
---

If you're going to be in Barcelona for either [VMworld EMEA][link-7] (running the week of October 17) or [the fall 2016 OpenStack Summit][link-8] (running the week of October 24), then I recommend you plan for your spouse/partner/girlfriend/boyfriend/whatever to join you for what I believe are some pretty spectacular Spousetivities.

## VMworld EMEA

First, let's have a quick look at the activities planned around [VMworld EMEA][link-7]. What's in store? Here's a quick sneak peek (check out [the registration page][link-1] for full details):

* Sailing the Mediterranean off the coast of Barcelona
* A casual 3-hour bike tour of Barcelona with tapas
* Walking tour of Barcelona with wine and food tastings
* A visit to Montserrat, with an opportunity to hear the famed Boys' Choir and see one of the black Madonnas of Europe
* A full-day trip to the French Pyrenees for a mix of Catalan, Spanish, and French culture
* A full-day tour of Roman Tarragona and a visit to the Cistercian monastery of El Poblet

Tickets for all these events are [available now][link-1]. These events were sponsored by [VMware NSX][link-3], [Veeam][link-4], [VMUG][link-5], and [TVP Strategy][link-6].

## OpenStack Summit Barcelona

If you're coming to Barcelona for the [OpenStack Summit][link-8] instead (or perhaps staying over after VMworld EMEA), there's a great week of activities planned that week as well, all sponsored by [VMware NSX][link-3]. Here's a quick run-down:

* Barcelona food and wine tour
* Biking tour of Barcelona with some delicious tapas for lunch
* A trip to Montserrat with wine tastings afterward
* A visit to the Pyrenese mountain village of Rupit (not to be missed!)
* Hiking the cliffs and coves of Catalunya
* A tour of the medieval walled city of Giorna
* Roman Tarragona and the El Poblet Cistercian monastery

Tickets for these events are also [available now][link-2].

As you can see, there's some overlap between the two weeks, but there is still more than enough to keep anyone busy for both weeks!

[link-1]: https://spousetivities.ticketleap.com/vmworld2016emea/
[link-2]: https://spousetivities.ticketleap.com/openstack-summit-2016-barcelona/
[link-3]: http://www.vmware.com/products/nsx.html
[link-4]: https://www.veeam.com
[link-5]: http://www.myvmug.org
[link-6]: https://www.virtualizationpractice.com/
[link-7]: http://www.vmworld.com/en/europe/index.html
[link-8]: https://www.openstack.org/summit/barcelona-2016/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Big Thank You to Embassy Skateboards for giving away this product pack for the Juice Magazine May Day Giveaway. You'll see more from this crew in future issues of Juice Magazine.
sweet deal ! thanx juice and embassy! you guys rock!
Thanks! Just checked out your site and wanted to let you know if you want to submit any of your music for review you can email us!
Too cool! Thanks for the chance to win, all the best from the Heart of Appalachia.


text:
Abramson is a variation of a patronymic surname, meaning "son of Abram (or Abraham)", the Biblical figure. It is most prevalent among American Jews. People named "Abramson" include:

 Abraham Abramson (1752 or 1754–1811), Prussian coiner
 Arthur S. Abramson (1925–2017), American linguist and speech scientist
 David Abramson (fl. 1970s–2020s), Australian engineer
 Doris E. Abramson (died 2008), American professor, author, editor, and bookstore proprietor
 Frederick B. Abramson (1935–1991), African-American lawyer
 George Abramson (1903–1985), American football player
 Harold Alexander Abramson (1899–1980), American psychiatrist
 H. Norman Abramson {1926-2022), American engineer and scientist
 Herb Abramson (1916–1999), American record company executive and producer
 Ivan Abramson (1869–1934), Russian-born American director of silent films active in the 1910s and 1920s
 Jerry Abramson (born 1946), American politician and mayor of Louisville, Kentucky, United States
 Jill Abramson (born 1954), American journalist and managing editor of The New York Times
 Josh Abramson (born 1981), co-founder of CollegeHumor
 Lee Abramson (born 1970), American musician and Presidential candidate
 Leslie Abramson (born c. 1944), American criminal defense attorney
 Leonard Abramson (born 1932), American businessman and founder of U.S. Healthcare
 Lyn Yvonne Abramson (born 1950), American psychology professor
 Maria Entraigues-Abramson (fl. 2000s–2010s), Argentinian singer
 Marion Abramson (1905–1965), American civic leader
 Mark Abramson (1934–2007), American record producer
 Matanya Abramson (1920–2004), Israeli sculptor
 Max Abramson (born 1976), New Hampshire politician
 Norman Abramson (1932–2020), American engineer
 Paul R. Abramson (political scientist) (1937–2018), American political scientist
 Ronney Abramson, Canadian singer-songwriter

See also
 Per Abramsen (born 1941), Dutch sculptor
 Joel Abromson (1938–2002), American politician
 Abrahamson (American, Swedish)
 Abrahamsen (Danish, Dutch, Norwegian)
 Abrahamsson (Norwegian, Swedish)
 Abrams (disambiguation)

References

Jewish surnames
Patronymic surnames

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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] The pre- money cap liquidation preference review a VC term sheet, they are mostly only interested in the pre- money valuation , the CEO- common director spot, drag- along provisions the board composition. Term Sheet Language Pre Money Valuation and Option vc Pool " Pre Money Valuation: The Per Share Purchase Price will be $ 2. TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY No 577 Anna Salai Saidapet Chennai. " I' m not vc surprised very often. I have to admit to being shocked by some of our results this year. This term sheet generator is a modified version of a tool that we use internally which comprises one part of a suite of document automation vc tools that we use to generate start- up venture- financing- vc related documents.
vc 31 January CIMB- Principal Asia Pacific Dynamic Income Fund - Class MYR Available under the EPF Members vc Investment Scheme. Vc term sheet. 00 which is based upon a fully- diluted pre- money valuation of $ 10, 000, 000, a vc fully diluted post- money valuation of $ 15, 000 million 000 million ( including an employee pool representing 20% of the. Key Terms – Economics Valuation ( and percentage ownership). Although this term sheet is perhaps somewhat longer than a " typical" VC Term Sheet the aim is to provide a level of detail that makes the term sheet useful as both a road map for the document drafters as a reference source for the business people to quickly find deal terms without the necessity of having to consult the vc legal documents. com Salesforce vc Oracle.
I' m pretty sure that almost all if vc not all of the more than 200 founders we' ve worked with over the last ten years would confirm this. Some entrepreneurs make self- destructive mistakes by ignoring important social and interpersonal dynamics involved with accepting a term sheet. We' re trying hard to vc vc make venture capital a little more human we really mean it when we say that we aspire to be good VCs. VC Term Sheets: A Primer for Entrepreneurs. by Samantha Ku, Legal Researcher at Shake. Nov 08 · If you know me a little you' ll probably agree that like everyone at Point Nine I' m a pretty nice guy. They assume the rest of the language is " standard" they sheet don' t want to ruffle any feathers with their new VC partner by " nickel diming the details. If the deal moves forward, lawyers will use the term sheet to draft transaction documents.
Also keep in mind the interpersonal nature of term sheet negotiation. " This is how Mark S. Venture capital is a small world, so avoid burning bridges. DiSalvo the president CEO of. When startup founders review a VC term sheet they are mostly only interested in the pre- money valuation the board composition. A lawyer is absolutely crucial in the term sheet process. 👉 A note on lawyers. A S S E T M A N A G E M E N T. As explained by Founders Fund a VC , the VC firm started by Peter Thiel, a term sheet is simply a contract that outlines the key terms of a deal between the startup does not represent a legal promise to invest.
Good morning, Term Sheet readers. The latest quarterly liquidation preferences, pay- to- play , annual reports on Venture Financing trends including pre- money valuations more. the term sheet is probably the first legal document he or she. Sep 06 CEOs, , vc · Some of Ryan' s interviews have included the vc founders, Marketo, executives of Zoom, DocuSign, PS InsideSales. What are VC term sheets? The term sheet is the first real step toward a successful financing transaction ( aka " getting funded" ) it outlines the proposed investment at a high level.
sample term sheet. the terms set forth below are solely for the purpose of outlining those terms pursuant to which a definitive agreement may be entered into and do not at this time constitute a binding contract, except that by accepting these terms the company agrees that for a period of 30 days following the date of signature, provided that the parties continue to. How To Negotiate A Term Sheet With a VC. Ryan Westwood Contributor Opinions expressed by Forbes Contributors are their own. I cover the founders and CEOs of tech unicorns.
A ratchet is a term whereby, if another VC later pays a lower price for shares in your start- up. the VC that bought shares earlier with the ' ratchet' protection gets a price adjustment to that lower price. On the surface, actually, it doesn' t seem that awful.
But its impact varies based on stage. When startup founders review a VC term sheet, they [.


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