text:
Newton County Schools
Alcovy High School
Clements Middle School
Cousins Middle School
East Newton Elementary School
Eastside High School
Fairview Elementary School
Flint Hill Elementary School
Heard-Mixon Elementary School
Indian Creek Middle School
Live Oak Elementary School
Livingston Elementary School
Mansfield Elementary School
Middle Ridge Elementary School
NCCA STEM Institute
Newton College and Career Academy
Newton County Theme School
Newton High School
Porterdale Elementary
Rocky Plains Elementary School
Self-Paced Virtual Instructional Program
South Salem Elementary School
Veterans Memorial Middle School
West Newton Elementary School
45 East Third Avenue, Mansfield, GA 30055
Administration/Front Office
Certified Support Staff
Instructional Paraprofessional
Drop Off/Pick-up
Arrival/Dismissal/Check-out/Transportation
Mansfield Elementary School » About Us
Mansfield Elementary and Newton County Schools Vision Statement
Our VISION is for all students to be well-rounded and prepared for the future.
Mansfield Elementary and Newton County Schools Mission Statement
Our mission is to provide educational excellence for ALL students! Our non-negotiable goals are increased student achievement and more effective teaching.
Mansfield Elementary School is a fully accredited school since 1975 by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. It is a public rural school housing Pre-K through 5th grade classes. It is located in a natural setting away from the mainstream of suburban Atlanta, in the small town of Mansfield, Georgia. Agriculture, small businesses, and light industry serve the area; however, most parents commute to jobs outside the immediate school area. Recently, small subdivisions and homes are replacing previous farmland.
Mansfield Elementary School experiences a high level of community involvement, including community volunteers, Partners in Education, and the PTO. The school's motto, "We Are Family", reflects the close, caring atmosphere of our school community. With its long history of serving the community, Mansfield Elementary School receives excellent parent and community support. Seven businesses, civic and community organizations are currently formal Partners in Education. Numerous volunteers, parents and business partners assist with school programs such as tutors, clinic workers, clerical aides and chaperones, etc… Many of Mansfield Elementary School special activities are designed to encourage community involvement. These include our annual book parade, Veteran's Day observance, curriculum fair, awards programs, and local field trips. Youth serving organizations such as Boy Scouts are granted use of the facilities. One of the local churches has helped house the summer reading program.
Mansfield Elementary School completed a major building project ($2.7 million) in 1998 that included both additions and renovations. New classrooms, media center, cafeteria, kitchen and an office area were added and renovated space was utilized to create art, music and special education classrooms. In 2003 an additional 14 classrooms were added.
Instructional Overview
The instructional program at Mansfield Elementary School supports grade-level teams of teachers who collaborate to provide developmentally appropriate learning experiences and activities for all students. Textbooks are state approved and are adopted system-wide. State and locally approved curriculum objectives provide the structure for instruction in math, reading, writing, spelling, science, social studies and health. An instructional assistance program helps selected students daily in targeted areas of curriculum study. Physical education, music and art education are offered throughout the week to all students in grades Pre-K through the fifth grade. Students in the fifth grade participate in the CHAMPS and 4-H programs.
Mansfield Elementary School 1885-2003
First school built - Center Grove Academy - one room log house
Second school built - three room green clapboard house
Mansfield High School built - five rooms and an auditorium
First graduating class - two students
Ten grades - 215 students and six teachers
Hayston School consolidated with Mansfield School
Eleventh grade added
Annex built
Parent Teacher Association organized
Pine Grove School consolidated with Mansfield School
Lunch program started
Water fountains added
Indoor restrooms added
Last year as an independent school system
Last graduation of Mansfield High School
Newborn School consolidated with Mansfield (eight grades)
New school building constructed and gymnasium remodeled
Gymnasium destroyed by fire
Present building expanded
Grades six, seven and eight dropped
New gymnasium constructed
Extensive addition and renovation completed ($2.7 million)
Fourteen additional classrooms added, playground upgraded and second playground added
Federal law prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color or national origin (Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964); sex (Title IX of the Educational Amendments of 1972 and the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Act of 2006): or disability (Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990) in educational programs or activities receiving federal financial assistance. Students, parents, employees and the general public are hereby notified that the Newton County Board of Education does not discriminate in any educational programs or activities or in employment policies. More Information


text:
COVID-19: ICMR Scientists To Make Effective Cure From Animal Blood Serum
LifestyleHealth
The news that comes in the wake of the continuously increasing corona infection in India and the death toll of about 1 lakh people
So far, more than one million deaths have occurred worldwide due to coronavirus infection. At the same time, the death toll in India has reached close to 1 lakh. In such a situation, the need for an effective treatment or Corona Vaccine for prevention of Corona is being felt with great vigour. Meanwhile, scientists of the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) have reported relief. ICMR scientists, in collaboration with a Hyderabad-based pharmaceutical company, claim to have found an effective cure to eliminate the deadly coronavirus.
IPL 2020 Latest Updates: Indians in sixes, fours to scoring runs, wickets also
Medicine made from animal blood serum
ICMR scientists say they have created a very high-quality serum 'antisera' from the serum present in horses' blood to eliminate the COVID-19 virus which is capable of eradicating the coronavirus. Indeed, antisera from strong antibodies to certain antigens such as the coronavirus, which are used in the treatment of incurable diseases.
Antisera is capable of cure
Significantly, after the plasma therapy (Plazma Therapy) used to treat corona infection a few months ago, scientists have relied on second treatment. Scientists are also convinced of this new therapy because the antisera not only prevents the intensity of the virus and other organs being affected in patients infected with the COVID-19 virus but is also effective in treating the organs infected with the serum virus. Scientists at ICMR say that new therapies such as antisera serum have been tried before in the prevention of many viral bacterial infections.
Airtel Launches Airtel Secure to Help Businesses from Cyber Crime – know what is Airtel Secure, how to stop cybercrime
Kids become supersedes
The most frightening form of corona infection since March was seen only in the months of August and September. Meanwhile, India has also topped the world in terms of the maximum number of virus-infected patients in 24 hours. At present, the infection is downhill in the country, but the real problem is with the virus spreading continuously from its super spreaders. Talking about October, in two days, around 1 lakh have been exposed so far. There are 63.97 lakh corona patients in the country of which about 9 thousand patients are seriously ill. At the same time, more than 99 thousand people have died.
Mahindra Thar 2020: off road SUV Mahindra Thar 2020 launched in india, know price and feature
34 percent deaths in September
India is now behind only one million patients from the USA and is the second most infected country. Due to the virus, 34 percent deaths have occurred in the month of September alone. Every day around 1100 people are losing their lives due to corona infection. A study has also revealed that on the lines of European countries and America, now in India too, children are becoming super-spreaders of Corona. This is the highest risk factor for scientists.
2 October Special: An offer from an Indian businessman changed Mahatma Gandhi's
Health News in Hindi
Health Samachar
New rules issued for travelers coming from high risk countries, now RT-PCR test will have to be pre-booked
This pack of Airtel will give daily 2GB data and Disney + Hotstar subscription for 1 year, know the price…
Damini Sharma - December 16, 2021
Soundcore launches two headphones with 60 hours of battery life, know price and features
Damini Sharma - November 23, 2021

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


One of my favorite things about being a Community Manager is partnering with brands that I love and support. Many people recognize and love Burt's Bees for their Beeswax Lip Balm, and to date, Burt's Bees has collected over 500 customer reviews for that single product alone. I'm a big fan myself of this lip balm, but what truly connects me with the Burt's Bees brand is their commitment to the greater good. This commitment is a core part of their company culture, and I see it not only in the products they create, but also in the people they hire. I also find it remarkable that the Burt's Bees Greater Good Foundation is funded by 10% of the company's overall retail sales.
What is your role with Burt's Bees and what role does social marketing play for your organization?
I am Burt's Bees' Interactive and eCommerce Manager. Social Marketing has quickly become a leading way for consumers to engage and interact with our Brand. Burt's Bees has had a loyal following from very early on, but social marketing avenues have empowered us to have a transparent conversation with our consumers, engage them on a personal level, and more deeply reinforce the values and mission of this company. This depth of engagement has been valuable in helping us shape our ideas and gain a robust picture of our consumers.
What inspired the Burt's Bees team to come up with its Who's Your Reason for Giving campaign?
With any campaign we launch at Burt's Bees, we try to add elements of doing good and paying that goodness forward. In the midst of a second Holiday season made difficult for many by the economic downturn, our team felt that a return to simple values was meaningful and appropriate. We started asking the questions "Who inspires you to be more giving? Who makes you happy just by being them?" Let's honor people who make a difference and inspire others no matter their situation.
How has the Burt's Bees community responded to this campaign?
The response was amazing – We saw a higher than expected participation rate largely driven by media, PR, and messaging to our existing email base. We (and our consumers) were overwhelmed by the heartfelt, beautiful, inspiring stories we read.
Were there any customer stories or types of story that particularly stood out to you or that you weren't expecting?
We quickly noticed a powerful theme of "everyday heroes"…strong mothers, good friends battling breast cancer, co-workers going above and beyond with courage and enthusiasm. This was more than just a fun campaign, it served as an invitation to stop for a moment and thank someone.
Living the Greater Good is a large part of your company culture. What are some of the ways that Burt's Bees gives back to its community?
Living the greater good is the "how" and "why" we do what we do. It's about operating our company with the highest level of social responsibility – focusing on three key areas: natural well-being, environmental sustainability and social responsibility. Working at Burt's Bees requires a steadfast commitment to these core values.
What advice would you give others on how to engage their communities through customer stories?
Media messaging used to be about telling consumers what to do and touting all the bells and whistles of your product or service. Social media allows for a more natural decision making process and ideally a longer-term loyalty. Invite consumers to engage with your brand in a personal way (reviews, stories, opinions, etc.) and you will be surprised how they will not only share, but also become advocates of your brand. Also increasingly important, give them the tools and technology to make it easy to participate and invite others in their networks as well.


text:
Security Lessons Learned – Part 1, Boston Marathon Bombings
by Daniel Rector Wed, September 01, 2021
Acts of terrorism continue to affect communities worldwide. As the public tries to retain a semblance of everyday life by attending outdoor events, emergency planners must adapt to new intelligence and learn from past attacks. A review of the 2013 Boston Marathon bombings identifies the event security plans' strengths and shortcomings. Other event planners and public safety officials can use this review and recommendations to plan for large public gatherings within their jurisdictions.
The Boston Marathon typically takes place each spring on Patriot's Day. The Boston Marathon is unique as the 26.2-mile course is run in a straight line and travels through eight separate cities and towns. The race starts in Hopkinton then moves through Ashland, Framingham, Natick, Wellesley, Newton, and Brookline, before finishing in Boston. In comparison, many other marathons are run entirely in a single town or city. The marathon's route dramatically increases the complexity of safety and security for race organizers and public safety agencies.
The 117th running of the race was on 15 April 2013. There were 27,000 registered runners and approximately 500,000 spectators. The race began at 9:00 a.m. with several waves of runners. By the afternoon, all the elite runners had finished, but thousands of spectators were still lining the course cheering on the remaining runners. At 2:49 p.m., the first homemade bomb exploded near the finish line, followed by a second bomb approximately 13 seconds later. The blasts injured 264 spectators and killed three.
Security Strengths
The Boston Marathon planning team does a great job each year coordinating among numerous response agencies to conduct planning for the event. This showed in the immediate response that took place in the aftermath of the bombings. To facilitate this coordination, a safety committee is set up each winter and begins meeting in January. This committee includes representatives from all agencies involved in the event at the local, state, and federal levels. At these meetings, agency representatives work together to update their marathon day plans and procedures using lessons learned from previous years, after-action reviews, and current guidance from intelligence agencies regarding threat assessments.
In addition to these planning meetings, agency leaders participate in a tabletop exercise to improve and test aspects of the plan. The marathon response agencies also work together throughout the year on other events such as the 4th of July, parades, and full-scale public safety training exercises. This intimate familiarity between officials results in a cohesive and robust working relationship among all parties.
Large gatherings pose challenges for emergency management and law enforcement officials – secure and prevent threats while attendees relax and enjoy the event.
On the day of the event, the organizers set up and staffed a Multi-Agency Coordination Center (MACC), which acted as the hub for health and safety operations along the racecourse. Having a single coordination center was necessary due to how many jurisdictions the race passed through. Representatives from over 80 agencies present at the center provided situational awareness of events along the route and effectively coordinated security, safety, and medical response activities. Agencies that worked together to support the security and safety operations needed for the event included:
Massachusetts State Police
Local police from all eight towns along the route
Massachusetts Bay Transit Authority (MBTA)
Boston Regional Intelligence Center
Boston University Police
Local fire from all eight towns along the route
Local ambulance companies providing Emergency Medical Services (EMS) support, including Boston EMS
Representatives from local hospitals
The Boston Athletic Association
The Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency (MEMA)
The Massachusetts Department of Public Health (MDPH)
The Massachusetts National Guard (MANG)
The American Red Cross (ARC)
The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
The Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
Security Weaknesses & Gaps
The Boston Marathon planners have over 100 years of experience organizing the race. Their experience shows in the detailed and thorough security plans put in place for the event each spring. However, even with all the security expertise and due diligence, there was a security weakness present that the terrorist could identify and target.
The weakness they identified was the large crowds who were present along the race route. These crowds were part of the atmosphere, so organizers could not remove them while maintaining the event's allure. To mitigate this, the planners placed law enforcement officials along the route and among the spectators. However, there was no policy in place regarding bags, packages, and the free flow of pedestrian traffic in and out of the spectating areas.
To further complicate security issues, a Boston Red Sox game is played on Patriot's Day each year, which coincides with the marathon. It is a tradition following the game for spectators to walk down the street to the racecourse and join the cheering crowds. This influx of people added security concerns for law enforcement officials, especially those intoxicated from the baseball game.
While the Boston Marathon Security policy was comprehensive, several areas needed improvement. For example, there were too many coordination and operations centers activated. Although the event planners set up the MACC as the central communications hub, each agency also used its own operations center to oversee operations. The event had too many coordination and operation centers active without a correctly identified hierarchy in place.
In addition, though many National Guard service members were present to assist during the race, they acted in more of a crowd control function with little show of force and negligible prevention value. Once the bombings happened, there was no plan to arm them, even though officials often paired them with law enforcement personnel. The marathon team neglected to utilize the National Guard to its full capacity, which resulted in specially trained soldiers essentially acting as crossing guards.
The runners' bags also became a security issue as race officials did not screen them before the race. During many large endurance events, organizers place athletes' personal items in secured bags labeled with their race numbers. These bags are then transported to the finish line for the athletes to pick up after completing the race. Two items many put in these bags are a cell phone and identification card. During the incident, these bags were secured by law enforcement then checked for explosives by Explosive Ordinance Disposal (EOD) teams. However, organizers were not able to return the bags to the runners until the next day. The lack of identification, funds of any kind, and communication added stress on the runners and their families, who were undoubtedly awaiting news of their loved ones.
Lastly, organizers did not have the means in place to notify spectators in real time as the attacks occurred to facilitate proper evacuation and ensure no misunderstanding of information. Federal agencies were not correctly and thoroughly sharing intelligence information with local officials. Congress identified this as a problem linked to the Boston Marathon bombings in the Congressional Report titled Road to Boston: Counterterrorism Challenges and Lessons from the Marathon Bombings.
Source: Mariordo/CC BY
Lessons Learned & Recommended Security Policy for Large Public Gatherings
In the months and years following the events at the 2013 Boston Marathon's finish line, the responding agencies learned many lessons. Although many of the changes recommended in after-action reviews and official reports focus on medical and law enforcement response, there are a few that pertain to security to prevent an attack. The Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency highlighted that their focus has shifted to prioritizing prevention and protection. Since 2013, the number of plainclothes law enforcement officers trained in suspicious behavior detection has dramatically increased. To help facilitate the observation of event attendees, spectators may now be required to pass through "choke" points where these trained professionals can observe them. Supplementing physical security are additional cameras along the race route to monitor the crowds for anything suspicious.
Large public gatherings pose a complicated challenge for emergency management and law enforcement officials. They need to balance security and prevention with the public's desire to relax and enjoy the event. There have been several gaps in the security plans and policies used for large public gatherings in the past. By analyzing past events, these gaps can be identified, and solutions created.
In addition to the items in the Boston Marathon security policies, it would be prudent to add some additional preparedness and prevention measures to increase event security. Event planners and emergency personnel can apply these security policy recommendations to public gatherings of all types:
Do not schedule multiple major events on the same day – for example, the Red Sox game and the Boston Marathon – due to the influx of spectators. This results in rowdy crowds and adds unnecessary complications to the incident. Having two large events going on simultaneously in such proximity stresses city and state resources. It would be better to host the events on consecutive days.
Athletes' bags and personal belongings need to be considered as part of the security plan. Runners need to be quickly reunited with their identification cards, communication devices, and monetary funds. By acquiring these items, they can secure lodging if required, procure food and clothing items, communicate with loved ones, and leave the area in a timely manner once approved to do by law enforcement officials.
EOD should screen all runners' bags as they are loaded into secured buses. Once cleared, the bags need to be kept under guard until they are distributed at the finish line. This practice serves two purposes. First, officials now know these bags are safe and not a threat. Second, if an incident occurs, the bags can be moved under guard to a secondary location until the runners can retrieve them. Although this method requires increased human resources upfront, it would allow a more streamlined collection process. Additionally, it enables the runners to become self-sufficient and more quickly exit the immediate area, thus reducing the strain on local responders and assistance organizations.
Limit the bags, such as backpacks and purses, that spectators can carry along the course. Organizers should implement rules such as only allowing clear bags along the route. These measures are already in place at many venues worldwide.
Public address systems must be part of event plans, and equipment should be placed throughout the course or venue. Preplanned emergency messages should be included in the event planning, and officials need to have the ability to record additional messages as required in real-time.
National Guard soldiers and Airmen acting as law enforcement should be armed in the same way as their law enforcement counterparts. Although there is a hesitancy to arm the National Guard due to public perception, a lack of doing so limits their ability to impose a security presence.
Federal law enforcement and intelligence agencies need to continue improving their information sharing among themselves and their state and local counterparts. Local officials need to be aware of any potential threats within their jurisdictions as they can add valuable community input to the case and assist with investigations.
One of the largest sources of prevention can be the public themselves. An aware populous can identify suspicious behavior and alert law enforcement. At the moment of an attack, alert bystanders could also step in and prevent the violence. Public safety professionals still need to redouble their efforts to prevent attacks before an event and to mitigate threats before the public gains knowledge of them.
The attack on the Boston Marathon highlighted the effectiveness of law enforcement and emergency response organizations within the United States. By studying the event, officials can identify opportunities for improvement in planning and tactics. The goal going forward should be to continually improve processes and educate the public on ways to increase their resilience and awareness. It is the responsibility of professionals in these fields to ensure both citizens and response organizations do not become complacent.
Daniel Rector, MS, CEM, is a military veteran with 15+ years of experience in homeland security and emergency management operations. He served as a damage controlman in the U.S. Coast Guard and as a survey team chief on a National Guard Weapons of Mass Destruction – Civil Support Team. He currently works for Asfalis Advisors as a business resilience advisor. His career is supported by a Master of Science degree in Emergency Management and current coursework toward a Doctorate of Management with a Homeland Security focus. He has completed multiple courses in CBRN response and detection from the Defense Nuclear Weapons School, Idaho National Laboratory, Dugway Proving Grounds, the U.S. Army CBRN School, and the U.S. Army CCDC Chemical Biological Center, among others. He has completed the FEMA Professional Development Series and the Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program (HSEEP) Course. He is a Certified Emergency Manager (CEM), a licensed HAZMAT echnician, Confined Space Rescue Technician I/II, and EMT-B. He is a recipient of multiple awards for excellence, including being the only National Guard soldier ever named the Distinguished Honor Graduate while simultaneously being nominated by his peers for the Leadership Award at the CBRN Advanced Leaders Course.
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On September 1, 2017 the project Forest residues for combined edible mushroom and biofuel production (COMUSH) started. The project is part of the innovation project "BioEconomy 2.0 - Better Valorization of Residual Flows" as one of six sub-projects.
This proposal is to develop an innovative industrial and value chain - using forest residues as substrate for mushroom production and then recycling the spent mushroom substrates (SMS), after harvesting mushrooms, as feedstock for advanced biofuel production through sugar platform.
Our proposal is stemmed from fundamental findings from previous projects, from which the key and innovative processes have been developed. These innovations may save at least 40% of the energy for mushroom production and 30% of the costs for producing cellulosic ethanol compared with those similar industries around the world, in addition to a considerable reduction of environmental problems and investment costs. This project has a great potential to be developed as a new and competitive industrial value chain in both domestic and international market of both edible mushroom and biofuel products.
This project shall result in suggestions of technical solutions (substrate recipes, process integration, parameters, operational conditions) that have to be good for not only mushroom production but also biofuels through sugar platform. To evaluate the sustainability and enable a decision making, there will be economic and environmental assessments as well as policy analysis.


text:
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings, RankNTypes, RecordWildCards,
    ScopedTypeVariables #-}
{-# OPTIONS_GHC -fno-warn-incomplete-patterns -fno-warn-missing-signatures
    -fno-warn-unused-binds #-}

module UnitTests (testWith) where

import Control.Applicative ((<$>))
import Control.Concurrent (forkIO, killThread)
import Control.Concurrent.MVar (newEmptyMVar, putMVar, takeMVar)
import Control.Exception (Exception, toException)
import Control.Lens ((^.), (^?), (.~), (?~), (&))
import Control.Monad (unless, void)
import Data.Aeson
import Data.Aeson.Lens (key)
import Data.ByteString (ByteString)
import Data.Char (toUpper)
import Data.Maybe (isJust)
import Data.Monoid ((<>))
import HttpBin.Server (serve)
import Network.HTTP.Client (HttpException(..))
import Network.HTTP.Types.Status (Status(Status), status200, status401)
import Network.HTTP.Types.Version (http11)
import Network.Wreq hiding
  (get, post, head_, put, options, delete,
   getWith, postWith, headWith, putWith, optionsWith, deleteWith)
import Network.Wreq.Lens
import Network.Wreq.Types (Postable, Putable)
import Snap.Http.Server.Config
import System.IO (hClose, hPutStr)
import System.IO.Temp (withSystemTempFile)
import Test.Framework (Test, defaultMain, testGroup)
import Test.Framework.Providers.HUnit (testCase)
import Test.HUnit (assertBool, assertEqual, assertFailure)
import qualified Control.Exception as E
import qualified Data.Text as T
import qualified Network.Wreq.Session as Session
import qualified Data.ByteString.Lazy as L
import qualified Network.Wreq as Wreq

data Verb = Verb {
    get :: String -> IO (Response L.ByteString)
  , getWith :: Options -> String -> IO (Response L.ByteString)
  , post :: Postable a => String -> a -> IO (Response L.ByteString)
  , postWith :: Postable a => Options -> String -> a
             -> IO (Response L.ByteString)
  , head_ :: String -> IO (Response ())
  , headWith :: Options -> String -> IO (Response ())
  , put :: Putable a => String -> a -> IO (Response L.ByteString)
  , putWith :: Putable a => Options -> String -> a -> IO (Response L.ByteString)
  , options :: String -> IO (Response ())
  , optionsWith :: Options -> String -> IO (Response ())
  , delete :: String -> IO (Response L.ByteString)
  , deleteWith :: Options -> String -> IO (Response L.ByteString)
  }

basic :: Verb
basic = Verb { get = Wreq.get, getWith = Wreq.getWith, post = Wreq.post
             , postWith = Wreq.postWith, head_ = Wreq.head_
             , headWith = Wreq.headWith, put = Wreq.put
             , putWith = Wreq.putWith, options = Wreq.options
             , optionsWith = Wreq.optionsWith, delete = Wreq.delete
             , deleteWith = Wreq.deleteWith }

session :: Session.Session -> Verb
session s = Verb { get = Session.get s
                 , getWith = flip Session.getWith s
                 , post = Session.post s
                 , postWith = flip Session.postWith s
                 , head_ = Session.head_ s
                 , headWith = flip Session.headWith s
                 , put = Session.put s
                 , putWith = flip Session.putWith s
                 , options = Session.options s
                 , optionsWith = flip Session.optionsWith s
                 , delete = Session.delete s
                 , deleteWith = flip Session.deleteWith s }

basicGet Verb{..} site = do
  r <- get (site "/get")
  assertBool "GET request has User-Agent header" $
    isJust (r ^. responseBody ^? key "headers" . key "User-Agent")
  -- test the various lenses
  assertEqual "GET succeeds" status200 (r ^. responseStatus)
  assertEqual "GET succeeds 200" 200 (r ^. responseStatus . statusCode)
  assertEqual "GET succeeds OK" "OK" (r ^. responseStatus . statusMessage)
  assertEqual "GET response has HTTP/1.1 version" http11 (r ^. responseVersion)
  assertBool "GET response has Content-Type header" $
    isJust (r ^? responseHeader "Content-Type")
  assertBool "GET response has Date header" $
    isJust (lookup "Date" <$> r ^? responseHeaders)

basicPost Verb{..} site = do
  r <- post (site "/post") ("wibble" :: ByteString) >>= asValue
  let body = r ^. responseBody
  assertEqual "POST succeeds" status200 (r ^. responseStatus)
  assertEqual "POST echoes input" (Just "wibble") (body ^? key "data")
  assertEqual "POST is binary" (Just "application/octet-stream")
                               (body ^? key "headers" . key "Content-Type")

multipartPost Verb{..} site =
  withSystemTempFile "foo.html" $ \name handle -> do
    hPutStr handle "<!DOCTYPE html><html></html"
    hClose handle
    r <- post (site "/post") (partFile "html" name)
    assertEqual "POST succeeds" status200 (r ^. responseStatus)

basicHead Verb{..} site = do
  r <- head_ (site "/get")
  assertEqual "HEAD succeeds" status200 (r ^. responseStatus)

basicPut Verb{..} site = do
  r <- put (site "/put") ("wibble" :: ByteString)
  assertEqual "PUT succeeds" status200 (r ^. responseStatus)

data SolrAdd = SolrAdd
    { doc          :: String
    , boost        :: Float
    , overwrite    :: Bool
    , commitWithin :: Integer
    }

instance ToJSON SolrAdd where
    toJSON (SolrAdd doc boost overwrite commitWithin) =
        object
            [
                "add" .= object
                [ "doc" .= toJSON doc
                , "boost" .= boost
                , "overwrite" .= overwrite
                , "commitWithin" .= commitWithin
                ]
            ]

solrAdd :: SolrAdd
solrAdd = SolrAdd "wibble" 1.0 True 10000

jsonPut Verb{..} site = do
  r <- put (site "/put") $ toJSON solrAdd
  assertEqual "toJSON PUT request has correct Content-Type header"
    (Just "application/json")
    (r ^. responseBody ^? key "headers" . key "Content-Type")

byteStringPut Verb{..} site = do
  let opts = defaults & header "Content-Type" .~ ["application/json"]
  r <- putWith opts (site "/put") $ encode solrAdd
  assertEqual "ByteString PUT request has correct Content-Type header"
    (Just "application/json")
    (r ^. responseBody ^? key "headers" . key "Content-Type")

basicDelete Verb{..} site = do
  r <- delete (site "/delete")
  assertEqual "DELETE succeeds" status200 (r ^. responseStatus)

throwsStatusCode Verb{..} site =
    assertThrows "404 causes exception to be thrown" inspect $
    head_ (site "/status/404")
  where inspect e = case e of
                      StatusCodeException _ _ _ -> return ()
                      _ -> assertFailure "unexpected exception thrown"

getBasicAuth Verb{..} site = do
  let opts = defaults & auth ?~ basicAuth "user" "passwd"
  r <- getWith opts (site "/basic-auth/user/passwd")
  assertEqual "basic auth GET succeeds" status200 (r ^. responseStatus)
  let inspect e = case e of
                    StatusCodeException status _ _ ->
                      assertEqual "basic auth failed GET gives 401"
                        status401 status
  assertThrows "basic auth GET fails if password is bad" inspect $
    getWith opts (site "/basic-auth/user/asswd")

getOAuth2 Verb{..} kind ctor site = do
  let opts = defaults & auth ?~ ctor "token1234"
  r <- getWith opts (site $ "/oauth2/" <> kind <> "/token1234")
  assertEqual ("oauth2 " <> kind <> " GET succeeds")
    status200 (r ^. responseStatus)
  let inspect e = case e of
                    StatusCodeException status _ _ ->
                      assertEqual ("oauth2 " <> kind <> " failed GET gives 401")
                        status401 status
  assertThrows ("oauth2 " <> kind <> " GET fails if token is bad") inspect $
    getWith opts (site $ "/oauth2/" <> kind <> "/token123")

getRedirect Verb{..} site = do
  r <- get (site "/redirect/3")
  let stripProto = T.dropWhile (/=':')
      smap f (String s) = String (f s)
  assertEqual "redirect goes to /get"
    (Just . String . stripProto . T.pack . site $ "/get")
    (smap stripProto <$> (r ^. responseBody ^? key "url"))

getParams Verb{..} site = do
  let opts1 = defaults & param "foo" .~ ["bar"]
  r1 <- getWith opts1 (site "/get")
  assertEqual "params set correctly 1" (Just (object [("foo","bar")]))
    (r1 ^. responseBody ^? key "args")
  let opts2 = defaults & params .~ [("quux","baz")]
  r2 <- getWith opts2 (site "/get")
  assertEqual "params set correctly 2" (Just (object [("quux","baz")]))
    (r2 ^. responseBody ^? key "args")
  r3 <- getWith opts2 (site "/get?whee=wat")
  assertEqual "correctly handle mix of params from URI and Options"
    (Just (object [("quux","baz"),("whee","wat")]))
    (r3 ^. responseBody ^? key "args")

getHeaders Verb{..} site = do
  let opts = defaults & header "X-Wibble" .~ ["bar"]
  r <- getWith opts (site "/get")
  assertEqual "extra header set correctly"
    (Just "bar")
    (r ^. responseBody ^? key "headers" . key "X-Wibble")

getCheckStatus Verb {..} site = do
  let opts = defaults & checkStatus .~ (Just customCs)
  r <- getWith opts (site "/status/404")
  assertThrows "Non 404 throws error" inspect $
    getWith opts (site "/get")
  assertEqual "Status 404"
    404
    (r ^. responseStatus . statusCode)
  where
    customCs (Status 404 _) _ _ = Nothing
    customCs s h cj             = Just . toException . StatusCodeException s h $ cj

    inspect e = case e of
      (StatusCodeException (Status sc _) _ _) ->
        assertEqual "200 Status Error" sc 200

getGzip Verb{..} site = do
  r <- get (site "/gzip")
  assertEqual "gzip decoded for us" (Just (Bool True))
    (r ^. responseBody ^? key "gzipped")

headRedirect Verb{..} site =
  assertThrows "HEAD of redirect throws exception" inspect $
    head_ (site "/redirect/3")
  where inspect e = case e of
                      StatusCodeException status _ _ ->
                        let code = status ^. statusCode
                        in assertBool "code is redirect"
                           (code >= 300 && code < 400)

redirectOverflow Verb{..} site =
  assertThrows "GET with too many redirects throws exception" inspect $
    getWith (defaults & redirects .~ 3) (site "/redirect/5")
  where inspect e = case e of TooManyRedirects _ -> return ()

invalidURL Verb{..} _site = do
  let noProto (InvalidUrlException _ _) = return ()
  assertThrows "exception if no protocol" noProto (get "wheeee")
  let noHost (InvalidDestinationHost _) = return ()
  assertThrows "exception if no host" noHost (get "http://")

funkyScheme Verb{..} site = do
  -- schemes are case insensitive, per RFC 3986 section 3.1
  let (scheme, rest) = break (==':') $ site "/get"
  void . get $ map toUpper scheme <> rest

cookiesSet Verb{..} site = do
  r <- get (site "/cookies/set?x=y")
  assertEqual "cookies are set correctly" (Just "y")
    (r ^? responseCookie "x" . cookieValue)

cookieSession site = Session.withSession $ \s -> do
  r0 <- Session.get s (site "/cookies/set?foo=bar")
  assertEqual "after set foo, foo set" (Just "bar")
    (r0 ^? responseCookie "foo" . cookieValue)
  assertEqual "a different accessor works" (Just "bar")
    (r0 ^. responseBody ^? key "cookies" . key "foo")

  r1 <- Session.get s (site "/cookies")
  assertEqual "long after set foo, foo still set" (Just "bar")
    (r1 ^? responseCookie "foo" . cookieValue)

  r2 <- Session.get s (site "/cookies/set?baz=quux")
  assertEqual "after set baz, foo still set" (Just "bar")
    (r2 ^? responseCookie "foo" . cookieValue)
  assertEqual "after set baz, baz set" (Just "quux")
    (r2 ^? responseCookie "baz" . cookieValue)

  r3 <- Session.get s (site "/cookies")
  assertEqual "long after set baz, foo still set" (Just "bar")
    (r3 ^? responseCookie "foo" . cookieValue)
  assertEqual "long after set baz, baz still set" (Just "quux")
    (r3 ^? responseCookie "baz" . cookieValue)

  r4 <- Session.get s (site "/cookies/delete?foo")
  assertEqual "after delete foo, foo deleted" Nothing
    (r4 ^? responseCookie "foo" . cookieValue)
  assertEqual "after delete foo, baz still set" (Just "quux")
    (r4 ^? responseCookie "baz" . cookieValue)

  r5 <- Session.get s (site "/cookies")
  assertEqual "long after delete foo, foo still deleted" Nothing
    (r5 ^? responseCookie "foo" . cookieValue)
  assertEqual "long after delete foo, baz still set" (Just "quux")
    (r5 ^? responseCookie "baz" . cookieValue)

getWithManager site = withManager $ \opts -> do
  void $ Wreq.getWith opts (site "/get?a=b")
  void $ Wreq.getWith opts (site "/get?b=c")

assertThrows :: (Show e, Exception e) => String -> (e -> IO ()) -> IO a -> IO ()
assertThrows desc inspect act = do
  let myInspect e = inspect e `E.catch` \(ee :: E.PatternMatchFail) ->
        assertFailure (desc <> ": unexpected exception (" <>
                       show e <> "): " <> show ee)
  caught <- (act >> return False) `E.catch` \e -> myInspect e >> return True
  unless caught (assertFailure desc)

commonTestsWith verb site = [
    testGroup "basic" [
      testCase "get" $ basicGet verb site
    , testCase "post" $ basicPost verb site
    , testCase "head" $ basicHead verb site
    , testCase "put" $ basicPut verb site
    , testCase "delete" $ basicDelete verb site
    , testCase "404" $ throwsStatusCode verb site
    , testCase "headRedirect" $ headRedirect verb site
    , testCase "redirectOverflow" $ redirectOverflow verb site
    , testCase "invalidURL" $ invalidURL verb site
    , testCase "funkyScheme" $ funkyScheme verb site
    ]
  , testGroup "fancy" [
      testCase "basic auth" $ getBasicAuth verb site
    , testCase "redirect" $ getRedirect verb site
    , testCase "params" $ getParams verb site
    , testCase "headers" $ getHeaders verb site
    , testCase "gzip" $ getGzip verb site
    , testCase "json put" $ jsonPut verb site
    , testCase "bytestring put" $ byteStringPut verb site
    , testCase "cookiesSet" $ cookiesSet verb site
    , testCase "getWithManager" $ getWithManager site
    , testCase "cookieSession" $ cookieSession site
    , testCase "getCheckStatus" $ getCheckStatus verb site
    ]
  ]

-- Snap responds incorrectly to HEAD (by sending a response body),
-- thereby killing http-client's ability to continue a session.
-- https://github.com/snapframework/snap-core/issues/192
snapHeadSessionBug site = Session.withSession $ \s -> do
  basicHead (session s) site
  -- will crash with (InvalidStatusLine "0")
  basicGet (session s) site

httpbinTestsWith verb site = commonTestsWith verb site <> [
  ]

-- Tests that our local httpbin clone doesn't yet support.
httpbinTests verb = [testGroup "httpbin" [
    testGroup "http" $ httpbinTestsWith verb ("http://httpbin.org" <>)
  , testGroup "https" $ httpbinTestsWith verb ("https://httpbin.org" <>)
  ]]

-- Tests that httpbin.org doesn't support.
localTests verb site = commonTestsWith verb site <> [
    testCase "oauth2 Bearer" $ getOAuth2 verb "Bearer" oauth2Bearer site
  , testCase "oauth2 token" $ getOAuth2 verb "token" oauth2Token site
  ]

startServer = do
  started <- newEmptyMVar
  let go n | n >= 100 = putMVar started Nothing
           | otherwise = do
        let port = 8000 + n
            startedUp p = putMVar started (Just ("http://localhost:" <> p))
            mkCfg = return . setBind ("localhost") . setPort port .
                    setVerbose False .
                    setStartupHook (const (startedUp (show port)))
        serve mkCfg `E.catch` \(_::E.IOException) -> go (n+1)
  tid <- forkIO $ go 0
  (,) tid <$> takeMVar started

testWith :: [Test] -> IO ()
testWith tests = do
  (tid, mserv) <- startServer
  Session.withSession $ \s ->
    flip E.finally (killThread tid) .
    defaultMain $ tests <>
                  [ testGroup "plain" $ httpbinTests basic
                  , testGroup "session" $ httpbinTests (session s)] <>
      case mserv of
        Nothing -> []
        Just binding -> [
            testGroup "localhost" [
              testGroup "plain" $ localTests basic (binding <>)
            , testGroup "session" $ localTests (session s) (binding <>)
            ]
          ]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
In This Article Siegfried Kracauer
General Overviews
Anthologies and Special Issues
Kracauer's Writings
Weimar Culture
From Caligari to Hitler: A Psychological History of the German Film
Theory of Film: The Redemption of Physical Reality
History: The Last Things Before the Last
Kracauer as Novelist
Ernst Lubitsch
Philosophy and Film
Lucrecia Martel
Johannes von Moltke
LAST MODIFIED: 28 October 2014
Siegfried Kracauer (b. 1889–d. 1960) was one of the preeminent film theorists and cultural critics of the 20th century. While he is perhaps best known for his contributions to film studies and for his loose association with the Frankfurt School of critical theory (of which he was never a member), Kracauer wore many hats during his lifetime: trained as an architect, he had a prolific career as a journalist, film critic, and editor with the Frankfurter Zeitung during the Weimar era, while also introducing himself as a novelist with Ginster in 1928. Forced into exile by the rise of Hitler's National Socialist Party, Kracauer went on during his years in Paris to write Georg (a sequel to Ginster), as well as a "social biography" of Jacques Offenbach, before securing passage to the United States in 1941. Here, with the help of various grants and under the aegis of the recently established Film Library at the Museum of Modern Art, he completed his two best-known books: From Caligari to Hitler—which pioneered methods of studying film as both an aesthetic and a sociological object, and became a foundational text for the study of national cinemas—and Theory of Film, a good example of what has come to be known as classical realist film theory. His final project, a book on the concept of history, was published posthumously as History: The Last Things Before the Last. Like his "extraterritorial" life, the reception of Kracauer's works has taken various turns, both in his country of origin and in the United States, where he spent the last quarter century of his life. Extremely well known and well connected during the 1920s, Kracauer was all but forgotten in Germany in the wake of the Third Reich until the publication in the early 1960s of his film books and two anthologies of essays from the Weimar years. The latter, by contrast, remained virtually unknown in the Anglophone world until a conference at Columbia University (published by New German Critique) marked the centennial of Kracauer's birth, and Thomas Levin translated the essays collected in The Mass Ornament for publication in 1996. While still overshadowed in some respects by the lasting attention to the work of his friends Theodor W. Adorno and (especially during the 1990s) Walter Benjamin, Kracauer's writings have enjoyed a steady and growing global readership that continues to make new discoveries in his voluminous works, now available in a critical edition from Suhrkamp.
While there exists no comprehensive biography of Kracauer, readers seeking an introduction to Kracauer's life and work can draw on a number of published overviews and portraits. The portrait provided in Adorno 1991, first delivered as a radio address and subsequently published, was as influential as the tribute itself was ambivalent (Kracauer took issue with many of its assertions in his correspondence with Adorno). Brodersen 2001 offers a concise and accessible biography in the Rowohlt series Rororo Monographien, whereas Gertrud Koch, a leading scholar of film and aesthetic philosophy in Germany, delves deeper to offer readings of individual texts and to situate Kracauer's work theoretically in Koch 2000. Having worked for many years at the German Literary Archives in Marbach and having co-edited Kracauer 2004–2012 (cited under Kracauer's Writings), Ingrid Belke is perhaps the single most knowledgeable person concerning Kracauer's "Nachlass," or papers. Belke and Renz 1994 and Belke 2012, a three-part "portrait" for a Luxemburg-based cultural journal, are consequently brimming with archival detail and provide extremely useful glosses on Kracauer's life and work. Agard 2010 figures prominently in the recent rediscovery of Kracauer by French readers, offering a chronologically organized overview of his life and work. Traverso 1994 and Jay 1986 both offer more thematically organized introductions that foreground the motif of deterritorialization that Kracauer himself considered a key aspect of his own life (even before being driven into exile by the Nazis) and that receives explicit theoretical treatment in some of his texts, most notably Kracauer 1969 (cited under Kracauer's Writings).
Adorno, Theodor W. "The Curious Realist: On Siegfried Kracauer." New German Critique 54 (1 October 1991): 159–177.
DOI: 10.2307/488432E-mail Citation »
Influential tribute to Kracauer on the occasion of his seventy-fifth birthday by Theodor W. Adorno. First translated for inclusion in the Kracauer special issue of New German Critique, it appears also in Adorno's Notes to Literature. The German text was originally delivered as a radio address and then published in Merkur before being included in Noten zur Literatur, Volume 3 (1965).
Agard, Olivier. Kracauer: Le Chiffonnier Mélancolique. Paris: CNRS, 2010.
Chronological introduction to Kracauer's life and work for a French readership, where Kracauer's writings have recently begun to become available in translation.
Belke, Ingrid. "Siegfried Kracauer (1889–1966): Ein Portrait." Galerie: Revue Culturelle et Pédagogique 30.3 (2012): 536–568.
Three-part biographical sketch that situates Kracauer in historical and geographical context (Frankfurt, Paris, New York) and gives detailed accounts of some central texts and debates.
Belke, Ingrid, and Irina Renz. Siegfried Kracauer, 1889–1966. Marbach am Neckar, Germany: Deutsche Schillergesellschaft, 1994.
Chronologically organized overview of important dates and events from Kracauer's life, with numerous illustrations and excerpts from archival materials. Published in connection with an exhibition to mark the centennial of Kracauer's birth. Exhibition was held in Marbach, Frankfurt, and Berlin in 1989 and then in New York in 1990.
Brodersen, Momme. Siegfried Kracauer. Rowohlts Monographien. Hamburg, Germany: Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verlag, 2001.
Nicely illustrated, brief, chronological biography. With heavy emphasis on the years up to 1933 and considerably less space devoted to Kracauer's years in exile in France and then in the United States. Includes two-page chronology of major biographical events and works.
Jay, Martin. "The Extraterritorial Life of Siegfried Kracauer." In Permanent Exiles: Essays on the Intellectual Migration from Germany to America. By Martin Jay, 152–197. New York: Columbia University Press, 1986.
Influential assessment of Kracauer by the foremost intellectual historian of the Frankfurt School, first published in 1975.
Koch, Gertrud. Siegfried Kracauer: An Introduction. Translated by Jeremy Gaines. Kracauer Zur Einführung. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2000.
Translation of a nuanced introduction to Kracauer's writings that originally appeared in German in 1996 and was revised for the second edition in 2012. Provides philosophical frames of reference for Kracauer's work (phenomenology, existentialism, ideology critique, among others).
Traverso, Enzo. Siegfried Kracauer: Itinéraire d'un intellectuel nomade. Paris: Ed. la Découverte, 1994.
Comparatively early, chronologically organized introduction to Kracauer's work in French by an Italian historian. In keeping with Kracauer's own emphasis on his "extraterritoriality" (see also Jay 1985) Traverso foregrounds the exilic dimensions of Kracauer's thought. This motif would be picked up by numerous subsequent commentators.
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text:
Share this Story: Chapman's support to COVID-19 response in Grey Bruce
Chapman's support to COVID-19 response in Grey Bruce
Hannah MacLeod
The Board of Health for the Grey Bruce Health Unit would like to extend its sincere thanks to Chapman's Ice Cream for their strong corporate support the firm has provided in response to COVID-19 along with community vaccine initiatives in Grey and Bruce. The Board also wishes to extend its personal thanks to Mr. Ashley Chapman, VP of Chapman's Ice Cream, not only for the corporate support he continues to lend to our community, but also his unwavering personal support and contributions.
From the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, Chapman's has taken a leadership role, demonstrating continuing commitment to the local community and economy. At every turn, Chapman's has been quick to ask how it could help and its immediate action has been a great advantage to us all.
Chapman's support to COVID-19 response in Grey Bruce Back to video
As a member of the Grey Bruce Vaccine Task Force, Mr. Chapman is a respected presence. The on-going support he and his firm have provided for COVID-19 prevention efforts in Grey Bruce have helped us protect our community.
Chapman's supported the early acquisition and distribution of PPE (personal protective equipment) as it was required across Grey Bruce. This was vital in the early period of the pandemic when low supply levels created a challenge and has continued to be an advantage for our region.
The moment the need for securing deep freezers to manage the logistics of the first available vaccines in Canada became evident, Mr. Chapman immediately shared Chapman's expertise in freezer technology. This intervention led the way to the early donation of ultra-low temperature cryogenic freezers to store vaccine for the Grey Bruce clinics. One of these freezers later was donated to The Windsor-Essex County Health Unit. Chapman's also assisted by sharing their expertise in the specialized safety and handling associated with these ultra-cold freezers.
Chapman's assisted in storing and transporting equipment related to the Hockey Hub mass immunization clinics created a model now being used internationally. And while Chapman's technical expertise has always been greatly appreciated, their care for the volunteers and staff at the vaccine clinics across Grey Bruce have been equally valuable to those working in the clinics.
"Grey Bruce has been well served by the support we've received to the COVID vaccination effort from Chapman's," Says the Chair of the Board of Health for the Grey Bruce Health Unit, Ms. Sue Paterson "Grey Bruce benefits from Ashley Chapman's leadership by example in a community-wide effort to halt the spread of the virus and limit the harm from it. We thank him and his team for their support."
"It is through efforts from local businesses and stakeholders that make the efforts of a small Public Health Unit be felt on an international scale." Says Board Member, Mr. Brian Milne "Without the support of Ashley and the rest of the Chapman's team, Grey Bruce would not have been able to achieve the level of success we have during this Pandemic. Ashley is a person that we should all be thanking from the bottom of our hearts."
"Chapman's has been a community driven company, and Mr. Ashley Chapman is an inspiring business leader who has demonstrated readiness to spare no effort or resource to support the community" Says Grey Bruce's Top Doctor, Dr. Ian Arra "I am a firsthand witness that, without hesitation, Ashley offered his entire fleet of 40 refrigeration vehicles and air distribution system, potentially shutting down his entire business, to support the cause for as long as it is needed, should the establishment wishes to utilize the fleet in vaccine distribution Canada wide".
News Near Mitchell


"Chinuk pipa" shorthand officially had its own set of numerals, but they were confusing (see here how they were identical to alphabet letters!) Aboriginal writers never used them.
Here are 5 number symbols of Chinook shorthand that are so rare, they may have been published only once.
The four highest of these numerals violate the principles of Chinuk pipa, in that you have to lift your pencil & write each of them with multiple, non-cursively-connected strokes. See my dissertation for the rules of the shorthand.
And what's the point of having separate symbols for each multiple of ten??
In actual practice in Aboriginal communities and the Kamloops Wawa newspaper alike, people typically wrote out in shorthand the words for numbers bigger than 99. These were recent English loans: handid [and spelling variants of that], tawsan, and the literary word milian.
← Chinook for Washington Pioneer.


John Maeda stands at the intersection of design and technology—and attracts a bit of a cult following. He's the first Design Partner at Kleiner Perkins, the venture capital firm that has backed companies from Amazon to Genentech to WebMD. Previously, he served as President of The Rhode Island School of Design.
Maeda insists that design is more crucial to tech companies than most of them realize. I asked him why.
Kara Miller: Why do you think Kleiner Perkins wanted someone at the firm who focuses on design?
John Maeda: Well, technology used to be the only reason you'd buy a high-tech gadget. You wanted to know what was in it, how big was the screen, and things like that. It used to be that only a few people could make these things. But now everyone can. So design has become a differentiator. It's the reason you'll buy something. It used to be you couldn't get all the megabyes or gigabyes you wanted, and now you can get what you want. The question is: how does it make me feel? How does it make me look?
KM: You've talked about design being crucial in the culture of certain companies, like Airbnb. How does that manifest itself?
KM: … And people on skateboards.
JM: Exactly. But instead, it's a place where creativity matters. It's where art is part of the culture. It's where people who are divergent are welcome. And they find a way to take all that and put it into a product. It's a rare competency.
KM: Do you see a generational shift? With young people valuing design more, either as consumers or producers?
JM: Definitely so. Younger entrepreneurs totally get that design is important, so you'll see them bringing in a co-founder that's a designer. Or they'll bring in a designer with their first 10 employees. I think for the early generation of entrepreneurs, design wasn't so important. So they're catching up now.


Conservative councillor Richard Kellaway claims there are no rifts in the party after challenging Cllr David Burbage (Con, Bray) for the leadership.
Cllr Kellaway (Con, Bisham & Cookham) challenged for the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead leadership at the Conservative group's annual meeting on Monday last week.
He lost by five votes, with Cllr Burbage winning by 26 votes to 21.
Speaking of the challenge this week Cllr Kellaway said it was nothing 'terribly dramatic'.
He added that there was no animosity between him and Cllr Burbage or a rift in the Conservative party.
"There are no great policy differences," said Cllr Kellaway.
"We both want the same things for our residents such as low taxes and good roads.
"David's been the leader for 10 years and I just thought some fresh ideas might help, but there is certainly no animosity."
Cllr Kellaway added that he didn't expect there to be dramatic changes to the party's leadership in the next couple of years.
Cllr Burbage has been leader of the Conservative party since 2003, and leader of the council since 2007, when the party won the election.
He was unavailable for comment.


New season, same old Eleven. Everyone loves a strong female lead character, and Eleven is one of the baddest out there. Eleven Visits Mama is all about her Season 2 adventures in Hawkins, Indiana and her mission to find home.
Eleven Visits Mama is available in two sizes and is printed with high-quality archival inkjet on high gloss premium photo paper.


text:
24. Avi Gabbay and Yair Lapid
By GIL HOFFMAN
Labor leader Avi Gabbay . (photo credit:" MARC ISRAEL SELLEM)
Contenders to the throne
This has not been a particularly good year for either Zionist Union leader Avi Gabbay or Yesh Atid head Yair Lapid.
Gabbay, who was elected with great fanfare in July 2017, has watched his support erode due to his own flipflops and scandals within his party. The flipflops have confused voters, who do not know what he or the Zionist Union stand for nowadays. Is the party centrist, as its former leader Isaac Herzog said, or left-wing and proud of it, as others in the party have declared? Is Gabbay for the two-state solution, or for not evacuating settlements? Is he for or against migrant workers? He has said both.
Gabbay was on vacation in Morocco when Channel 10 reported anonymous allegations that Zionist Union MK Eitan Broshi had fondled a woman in an elevator 15 years ago. He immediately tweeted that Broshi was a sex offender whose career is over and ended up with Broshi staying and suing him for libel.
The resignation announced by Zionist Union MK Zoheir Bahloul on live TV (though he still hasn't actually quit yet), resulted in another questionably worded tweet by Gabbay, who basically said good riddance.
To his credit, Gabbay wrapped up Tzipi Livni's succession of Herzog as opposition leader without too much of a turf war, as well as her signing on to continue the partnership with the Labor Party. But the real battle will be over former IDF chiefs Benny Gantz and Gabi Ashkenazi – there is no guarantee that Gabbay will be able to woo them.
What Gabbay has done is continue to crisscross the country for public events and meet prospective voters. This has not yet translated into a rise in the polls but it has shown how he can be diligent and might still pay off.
Lapid would also like to attract a former general to his list, and he does not have to go through the bureaucracy of the Labor Party. But are either Gantz or Ashkenazi ready to subjugate themselves to Lapid's authoritarian rule?
Yesh Atid chairman Yair Lapid
What was said above about it being unclear to the public what Gabbay stands for is even more true of Lapid and his party. Lapid has taken Yesh Atid further and further to the Right and has been confusing on matters of religion and state, which in the past was the party's strong suit.
Lapid repeatedly predicted on camera that the government was about to fall. It has not. Meanwhile, he has gone abroad repeatedly, helping with public diplomacy, which has given him an image of a foreign minister-in-waiting for Netanyahu's next government. But the potential for an election focusing on religion and state could give Lapid a huge boost.
While polls today show Netanyahu leading, an indictment or another crisis could change everything. Both Gabbay and Lapid are the opposition's clear alternatives. Time will tell if they will be given a chance to rejuvenate themselves and present an alternative or limp to the finish line.
Avi Gabbay
50 Influential Jews 2017


text:
Video: K Camp f. Cyhi The Prynce, "Think About It"
Atlanta's K Camp, joined by Cyhi The Prynce, releases a video for super-posi motivational anthem "Think About It."
By Meaghan Garvey
FADER PREMIERE
K Camp's December 2013 In Due Time mixtape was a Future-indebted collection of hook-driven and largely optimistic sing-raps. Today, he releases a video for the tape's most overwhelmingly positive track, "Think About It" featuring GOOD Music's Cyhi The Prynce. The two enthusiastically bop around the room, Cyhi serving as K Camp's hypeman, while they extol the virtues of persistance and the laws of attraction. It's basically New Atlanta's version of The Secret. The track's produced by Atlanta's Big Fruit, who also worked on K Camp's biggest hit to date, "Money Baby."
Cyhi the Prynce Meaghan Garvey k camp
Cyhi the Prynce, Hip-Hop, k camp, Meaghan Garvey


text:
Student arrested after bringing gun to school
Leslie Fark
Antonio Summerville doesn't usually pick his 16-year-old daughter up after school, but an alarming text message she sent over the lunch hour Wednesday saying Woodruff High School was on lockdown changed his mind.
When a Journal Star reporter told Summerville that a high school junior had been arrested after District 150 police found an unloaded gun and ammunition in his locker, he was stunned.
"It's kind of scary," he said. "I wish I could have been notified earlier."
Shortly after school started Wednesday, campus police received information that Victor D. Simmons, 17, was in possession of a gun.
After a search of his locker, Simmons, of Peoria, was taken into custody and booked into the Peoria County Jail on charges of unlawful use of a weapon at school, unlawful possession of a firearm and ammunition and disorderly conduct. Simmons was jailed overnight, pending a bond hearing Thursday afternoon.
A motive for bringing the weapon to school was not released Wednesday.
One student who knows Simmons was shocked to hear he would bring a gun to school.
"I never thought he would do something like this. He was cool with everyone in school," said the 15-year-old freshman, who asked to remain anonymous.
As a precaution, school officials put the building on lockdown, and all the lockers were searched. Students were alerted of the lockdown over the public announcement system and were held an hour over in their third period classes. No other weapons were found, District 150 spokeswoman Stacey Shangraw said.
As a result, lunch periods were pushed back 20 minutes, which forced administration to shorten afternoon classes in order to end the school day on schedule.
"We all knew by lunch what had happened," said a 15-year-old freshman who asked that her name be withheld. "I was scared."
Another student, a 17-year-old junior, who also asked not to be named, said she's grown numb to the idea that guns have made their way into schools.
"It happens. I'm kinda used to it, I would say," she said. "But it's a good school. I feel safe. If I wasn't, I wouldn't go here."
Summerville agreed, saying though he was initially rattled that a gun was found on the property, he had a sense of peace knowing campus police quickly handled what may have been a devastating incident.
"I'm glad the security was on point to catch an incident like this to prevent another shooting from happening again," he said. "They must be doing their jobs."
On Jan. 26, 2005, Dion Alexander, then a 15-year-old freshman, fired three shots in a hallway as classes were changing at the school. No one was injured, but the incident shook the community and prompted increased school security.
Metal detectors were placed at every entrance to the school but have since been removed. Still in practice at all of the district's high schools is the procedure to randomly "wand" students with hand-held metal detectors every morning as they arrive.
Shangraw said students were sent home with a letter to inform their parents of the incident.
"We just hope parents realize safety is a top priority throughout our entire district," she said. "We do have an emergency crisis plan that outlines procedures for all incidents that could occur inside our buildings. This is our proactive approach to the reality that no school, whether it's public, private, inner city or small town, can say they're 100 percent safe."
Leslie Fark can be reached at (309) 686-3188 or lfark@pjstar.com.


Political leader who became the third President of Uganda from 1971 to 1979. He was a military dictator whose rule was characterized by human rights abuses, political repression, and ethnic persecution.
He was from a poor rural one-parent family and went into the British colonial army with nothing more than a fourth grade education.
His regime killed approximately 100,000 to 500,000 people.
He married at least five women as a polygamist; he married his first two wives in 1966. He fathered thirteen children.
For his portrayal of him in the film The Last King of Scotland Forest Whitaker won the Academy Award for Best Actor.


Global real estate and construction consultancy Drees & Sommer has revealed that over 67% of new hotel openings are delayed due to poor communication, contractor time pressures and delayed sub-contractor activities.
The findings of the research paper, Hotel Pre-opening: A tactical approach, have revealed that there are three main causes for delay in the handover from a contractor to a hotel owner, namely: lack of communication between project stakeholders, contractor time pressure and delayed deliverables from third-party contractors.
The research also highlights the main challenges and proposes solutions for each of the seven pillars, resulting in savings in five categories, including furniture, fixture and equipment expenditure, hotel recruitment phasing, operating supplies and equipment expenditure, advertising, promotions and hotel organisation structure.
Sona added: "The role of the asset manager is a complex one, not only do they have to achieve the owner's objectives by managing the investment, but they also have to resolve any misalignment between the parties, including the project manager, operator, and the owner in order to boost overall asset potential. This is critical in the pre-opening phase, which typically lasts between six and nine months.
"Other important factors to consider are setting-up pre-snag schedules, benchmarking the pre-opening budget against similar properties and incorporating regular meetings and visits to determine a more pertinent opening date in the event of a delay.


Old Tree Villa & Restaurant offers the organization of conferences, workshops and company events.
Our services are popular among both big and small companies, institutions and non-profit organizations.
We make every attempt to provide our guests with a pleasant stay, a successful conference or a memorable celebration.


US Navy Band - Augustana College, April 2, 2017 -- Wow!
This Sunday, I saw the U.S. Navy Band at Augustana College in Rock Island.
While the personnel have changed since I used to see them in the '70s and '80s, my reaction was the same as it was those many decades ago: This is a topnotch band, maybe the topnotch band, full in sound, sharp in appearance, crowd-pleasing in every way, so good, in fact, that the only thing that could make the band better would be having me in it.
Yeah, that mixture of pride and envy has never gone away. I'm a fleet MU, proud of my contributions and my association with the fine fleet bandsmen and women with whom I served. Like them, I loved the DC band because they were special, the best, and I hated the DC band because they were special, the best. And I never understood why they wouldn't take me, because I was special, the best.
Well, I have gotten over that part of it. In fact, I can't recall what talent I had that I assumed would have raised the Navy Band to greater heights of perfection.
Doesn't matter. I'm now quite content to sit in the audience at a Navy Band concert and applaud every proud musician on the stage. I can appreciate a Navy Band performance because I have an MU's understanding of the talent and dedication it takes to create such an ensemble. And I can appreciate the band like any aged sailor who enjoys each musical number more than the one before it because each tune brings us closer to Anchors Aweigh.
Disclaimer: In 1977, after completing a hitch in San Francisco, I got sent to the DC band. It was a short tour of duty; MU2 Mullen checked in at 0800 on a Monday morning and was gone before lunch. This is a long sea story that can only be appreciated in detail and is occasionally related at NMA reunions. It's a transcontinental tale of escalating errors that involves planes, trains, a baffled warrant officer and a chief whose heart was in the right place but whose brains were on terminal leave. When it comes to Navy inefficiency, this story has it all. My father, a WWII fighter pilot, even plays a cameo role in the story.
Come to the next NMA reunion for a full rendition. I name names and catalog sins.


text:
ε-TiO, a Novel Stable Polymorph of Titanium Monoxide
Shinsaku Amano, Dimitri Bogdanovski, Hisanori Yamane, Masami Terauchi, Richard Dronskowski
Center for Advanced Microscopy and Spectroscopy
For the Ti/O system, three titanium monoxide (TiO) phases (α, β, and γ) with defective NaCl-type structures and a high-temperature hexagonal phase (H) have been known for decades. In this work, single crystals of a novel polymorph, ε-TiO, were synthesized by using a bismuth flux. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed a hexagonal crystal structure (a=4.9936(3) Å, c=2.8773(2) Å, P6? 2m) that is isotypic with ε-TaN. While the Ti atoms are surrounded by trigonal prismatic (sixfold coordination) and trigonal planar (threefold coordination) arrangements of O atoms, the O atoms are found in a pseudo-square-pyramidal arrangement of Ti atoms. First-principles calculations of the formation enthalpy and the electron and phonon density of states and crystal orbital Hamilton population (COHP) analysis revealed that ε-TiO is more stable than α-TiO, which had previously been regarded as the most stable phase at low temperatures.
Angewandte Chemie - International Edition
https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201510479
phase stability
titanium monoxide
10.1002/anie.201510479
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'ε-TiO, a Novel Stable Polymorph of Titanium Monoxide'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Polymorphism Chemical Compounds
Atoms Chemical Compounds
Phonons Chemical Compounds
Carrier concentration Chemical Compounds
Bismuth Chemical Compounds
Crystal structure Chemical Compounds
Single crystals Chemical Compounds
Amano, S., Bogdanovski, D., Yamane, H., Terauchi, M., & Dronskowski, R. (2016). ε-TiO, a Novel Stable Polymorph of Titanium Monoxide. Angewandte Chemie - International Edition, 55(5), 1652-1657. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201510479
ε-TiO, a Novel Stable Polymorph of Titanium Monoxide. / Amano, Shinsaku; Bogdanovski, Dimitri; Yamane, Hisanori; Terauchi, Masami; Dronskowski, Richard.
In: Angewandte Chemie - International Edition, Vol. 55, No. 5, 26.01.2016, p. 1652-1657.
Amano, S, Bogdanovski, D, Yamane, H, Terauchi, M & Dronskowski, R 2016, 'ε-TiO, a Novel Stable Polymorph of Titanium Monoxide', Angewandte Chemie - International Edition, vol. 55, no. 5, pp. 1652-1657. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201510479
Amano S, Bogdanovski D, Yamane H, Terauchi M, Dronskowski R. ε-TiO, a Novel Stable Polymorph of Titanium Monoxide. Angewandte Chemie - International Edition. 2016 Jan 26;55(5):1652-1657. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201510479
Amano, Shinsaku ; Bogdanovski, Dimitri ; Yamane, Hisanori ; Terauchi, Masami ; Dronskowski, Richard. / ε-TiO, a Novel Stable Polymorph of Titanium Monoxide. In: Angewandte Chemie - International Edition. 2016 ; Vol. 55, No. 5. pp. 1652-1657.
@article{377c6245940d4de199e983ef365e7aa0,
title = "ε-TiO, a Novel Stable Polymorph of Titanium Monoxide",
abstract = "For the Ti/O system, three titanium monoxide (TiO) phases (α, β, and γ) with defective NaCl-type structures and a high-temperature hexagonal phase (H) have been known for decades. In this work, single crystals of a novel polymorph, ε-TiO, were synthesized by using a bismuth flux. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed a hexagonal crystal structure (a=4.9936(3) {\AA}, c=2.8773(2) {\AA}, P6? 2m) that is isotypic with ε-TaN. While the Ti atoms are surrounded by trigonal prismatic (sixfold coordination) and trigonal planar (threefold coordination) arrangements of O atoms, the O atoms are found in a pseudo-square-pyramidal arrangement of Ti atoms. First-principles calculations of the formation enthalpy and the electron and phonon density of states and crystal orbital Hamilton population (COHP) analysis revealed that ε-TiO is more stable than α-TiO, which had previously been regarded as the most stable phase at low temperatures.",
keywords = "chemical bonding, computational chemistry, phase stability, polymorphism, titanium monoxide",
author = "Shinsaku Amano and Dimitri Bogdanovski and Hisanori Yamane and Masami Terauchi and Richard Dronskowski",
doi = "10.1002/anie.201510479",
journal = "Angewandte Chemie - International Edition",
T1 - ε-TiO, a Novel Stable Polymorph of Titanium Monoxide
AU - Amano, Shinsaku
AU - Bogdanovski, Dimitri
AU - Yamane, Hisanori
AU - Terauchi, Masami
AU - Dronskowski, Richard
N2 - For the Ti/O system, three titanium monoxide (TiO) phases (α, β, and γ) with defective NaCl-type structures and a high-temperature hexagonal phase (H) have been known for decades. In this work, single crystals of a novel polymorph, ε-TiO, were synthesized by using a bismuth flux. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed a hexagonal crystal structure (a=4.9936(3) Å, c=2.8773(2) Å, P6? 2m) that is isotypic with ε-TaN. While the Ti atoms are surrounded by trigonal prismatic (sixfold coordination) and trigonal planar (threefold coordination) arrangements of O atoms, the O atoms are found in a pseudo-square-pyramidal arrangement of Ti atoms. First-principles calculations of the formation enthalpy and the electron and phonon density of states and crystal orbital Hamilton population (COHP) analysis revealed that ε-TiO is more stable than α-TiO, which had previously been regarded as the most stable phase at low temperatures.
AB - For the Ti/O system, three titanium monoxide (TiO) phases (α, β, and γ) with defective NaCl-type structures and a high-temperature hexagonal phase (H) have been known for decades. In this work, single crystals of a novel polymorph, ε-TiO, were synthesized by using a bismuth flux. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed a hexagonal crystal structure (a=4.9936(3) Å, c=2.8773(2) Å, P6? 2m) that is isotypic with ε-TaN. While the Ti atoms are surrounded by trigonal prismatic (sixfold coordination) and trigonal planar (threefold coordination) arrangements of O atoms, the O atoms are found in a pseudo-square-pyramidal arrangement of Ti atoms. First-principles calculations of the formation enthalpy and the electron and phonon density of states and crystal orbital Hamilton population (COHP) analysis revealed that ε-TiO is more stable than α-TiO, which had previously been regarded as the most stable phase at low temperatures.
KW - chemical bonding
KW - computational chemistry
KW - phase stability
KW - titanium monoxide
U2 - 10.1002/anie.201510479
DO - 10.1002/anie.201510479
JO - Angewandte Chemie - International Edition
JF - Angewandte Chemie - International Edition


It is graphic user interface for creating 2D video games or any other of your projects.
This Pack includes big amount of various signs and windows of different forms.
Using such elements will help you easily and simply create your own bright and awesome game.
Compatibility with Adobe Illustrator CS and newer versions.
All elements are 100% Vector and fully scalable.
You can change it as you wish without quality lost.


"Harcourts Hills Living employ the services of Freshwater to undertake all of our property maintenance work, as well as the cleaning of our offices. We are impressed by the great customer service, responsiveness and quality of work they provide. It is very convenient as a property manager to have one contact to service almost all of our requirements. We highly recommend them.
"Nathan and his team at Freshwater have the cleaning contract at both my Ingleburn and Campbelltown offices. Being a solicitor's office with sensitive information, we require our cleaners to work after hours, which means you really need a cleaning company you can trust as well as providing impeccable cleaning services. Freshwater is such a company.
Freshwater took over our cleaning contract in 2011 when I was dissatisfied with my existing cleaners. I was finding it difficult to find a company who could provide the cleaning services I required as well as being able to be trustworthy being in the office after hours.
"Freshwater Cleaning came highly recommended by one of our staff members. When I first met Nathan from Freshwater I found him to be a professional "hands on" business owner who you instantly warm to and trust. Watching his interaction with his staff and seeing them perform their tasks, you can see they enjoy what they do and take pride in their work, this effort can always be seen in the end result. They always seems to exceeded our expectations and go above and beyond what is expected of them, which is why we keep calling them back. I would highly recommend Freshwater Cleaning to people and businesses looking for a stress free cleaning solution from a company who understand the importance of delivering good customer service".


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text:
Family Art Night scheduled during parent-teacher conferences week
WORTHINGTON -- Parents and students are invited to attend Family Art Night during conferences week at Prairie Elementary. Families may come to the school cafeteria between 3:30 to 7:30 p.m. Thursday and 7:30 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. Friday to have a fun...
Grace Gaalswyk, 5, paints at the Family Art Night on Tuesday afternoon. Martina Baca / Daily Globe.
By Martina Baca
WORTHINGTON - Parents and students are invited to attend Family Art Night during conferences week at Prairie Elementary.
Families may come to the school cafeteria between 3:30 to 7:30 p.m. Thursday and 7:30 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. Friday to have a fun and creative time together. Jayme Wiertzema, third- and fourth-grade art teacher, said she wanted to make conferences week a little more fun than usual, and thought an arts and crafts activity would be a great way to achieve that goal.
"I thought a fun way to get families to stay and make a night out of conferences would be to have an event during conferences where they can come and go and create art during that time," said Wiertzema, who hosted the event Tuesday afternoon for the first time. "It's also a good way for families to be together."
Wiertzema, along with the help of other teachers, has set nine stations inside the school cafeteria at which children and parents can experiment with different mediums. She explained that there are a variety of options from which kids can choose, such as a superhero station - where they can write comics and create their own masks - as well as printmaking, coloring, Legos, water color painting and game stations, among others.
"We recognize how important parent involvement is, so this is just another way to involve parents in school," Prairie Elementary Principal Heidi Meyer said. "It's also an opportunity for us to showcase our art program here."
Meyer added that this is a chance for kindergarten students and first- and second-graders to experience art and get a taste of what elementary-level art looks like.
Conferences week is a time during which teachers discuss how students are performing academically, and Wiertzema said it can cause distress to some kids. She hopes those students can channel those feelings in a positive way during this time.
"Some kids might get nervous about conferences or it might not be fun for them to talk about how they are doing academically, so then they can come here and relax," she said.
Wiertzema said Family Art Night is not only a chance for students to relax, but also an opportunity for parents to see the positive things students are doing in school that aren't necessarily reflected on their report cards or grades.
"I think it's important for parents to see the creativity in their kids because in conferences they talk about their math and reading ... so this is a cool way to look beyond that and do something a little bit different," she said,
Sherry Gaalswyk and her 5-year-old daughter, Grace, were having a great time together at the coloring station Tuesday. Gaalswyk said Grace is always doing some kind of art project when she is at home because she thinks art is great way to develop her creativity.
"She loves art," Gaalswyk said. "She knew what was going on and she asked, 'Can we go to the cafeteria and color?"
Gaalswyk said the Family Art Night event is a great way to bring families together and encourage parents to spend that extra time with their kids - which, in the long run, will help strengthen the relationship between parents and their children.
"Children know when parents have time, and if you are always busy or you don't have time to do little things … those are the big things to kids," she said. "If you show them that you are willing to share with them, I think as they grow older they will return that and will want to spend time with you, too."
Meyer, as well as Gaalswyk, said the involvement of parents in education plays a fundamental role in the future success of children.
"Parents are kids' first teachers and the partnership with us is completely imperative to their overall success," Meyer said. "So this is a way for kids to see their parents getting involved, and an opportunity for parents to show their support for education."
Carrie Hare her daughters Rosaline, 6, and Camila, 4, paint together at the Family Art Night Tuesday afternoon. Martina Baca / Daily Globe.
Related Topics: EDUCATIONART


text:
olegusk - stock.adobe.com
Software failure paralyses O2's 4G network
O2 is racing to fix a major outage on its 4G network that has left millions of mobile subscribers without access to data services
Published: 06 Dec 2018 10:45
Mobile network operator O2 has blamed a problem with a third-party software installation for a nationwide network outage that has left millions of subscribers unable to access 4G data services on their smartphones.
With 32 million active connections, O2 bills itself as the UK's most widely used mobile network, which in reality means a number of mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs) run their services over it. As a result, users of GiffGaff, Lycamobile, Sky Mobile and Tesco Mobile have also been affected.
An O2 spokesperson said: "We're aware that our customers are unable to use data this morning. One of our third-party suppliers has identified a global software issue in their system which has impacted us.
"Our technical teams are working with their teams to ensure this is fixed as quickly as possible. We'd encourage our customers to use Wi-Fi wherever they can and we apologise for the inconvenience caused."
The operator said it understands the problem – which began at around 4.45am on 6 December – is affecting operators in a number of other countries besides the UK. The Japan Times has reported that services on the SoftBank network are also down in parts of Japan, with the outage beginning at 1.39pm local time, the same time as O2's.
No other UK operators, however, have been affected, and voice calls over the O2 network can be made as normal. There is also no indication yet that the outage is due to any kind of malicious activity or cyber attack.
O2 is encouraging customers to keep track of its service status website in the meantime.
The issue has also hit a number of other organisations that rely on O2's network, including Transport for London (TfL), which reported that its bus information display boards had stopped working at approximately 5am.
"The company that updates the data to our network of Countdown Systems is currently experiencing difficulties in providing this service. This issue is being investigated," said a TfL spokesperson on Twitter.
Similarly, Shropshire Council has reported the same problem with its car park payment machines, which also rely on O2 data connections.
While a number of O2 users have expressed their frustration on social media, calling for compensation from the operator, official guidance from regulator Ofcom suggests they will be disappointed.
Compensation arrangements are highly dependent on circumstances and customers may be entitled to additional refunds or account credits in extreme cases where repairs take longer than anticipated. At the time of writing it is unlikely that the current period of downtime would qualify, meaning any redress for O2 users would be entirely at the operator's discretion.
Update: 4,00pm, Thursday 6 December 2018
As of 4.00pm on Thursday 6 December, almost 12 hours since the outage began, the third party software issue had been identified as originating at Ericsson. O2 said its teams continued to work closely with its supplier to fix the problem.
In a brief statement on Twitter, Mark Evans, CEO of O2 parent Telefonica UK, said: "I want to reassure our customers that we are doing everything we can to fix the issue with our network and say how sorry I am to everyone affected. My teams are working really hard with Ericsson to find a swift resolution."
Anecdotally, some O2 users have now reported that they are unable to make or receive calls, or send SMS messages.
Update: 5.00pm
Networking supplier Ericsson has now issued a statement saying it has identified issues in certain nodes on the core network, which led to outages for customers using two specific versions of the Serving GPRS Support Node - Mobility Management Entity (SGSN-MME).
The supplier's analysis indicates that the specific problem was an expired certificate in the software installed with customers such as O2 and SoftBank.
"The faulty software that has caused these issues is being decommissioned and we apologise not only to our customers but also to their customers. We work hard to ensure that our customers can limit the impact and restore their services as soon as possible," said Ericsson president and CEO, Börje Ekholm
Ericsson said that most of the affected network services have now been successfully restored, although at the time of this update, many O2 customers were still saying they were unable to access the 4G network.
Read more about IT failures
NHSmail system shutdown, which saw staff locked out of their accounts, blamed on "software issues" in supplier Accenture's internal infrastructure.
British Airways is taking legal action against the managed service provider tasked with overseeing the management of its datacentres during its outage in May 2017.
A Computer Weekly buyer's guide to networking for the modern workplace
The Covid-19 pandemic has transformed our networking habits. In this 17-page buyer's guide, Computer Weekly looks at how firms are coping with the shift to remote working, the new challenges facing IT leaders and the alternatives to strained virtual private networks.
Read more on Mobile networking
O2 makes further expansion to UK 5G network
By: Joe O'Halloran
O2 extends 5G network, hits 10,000 mark for LTE-M in UK
Ericsson continues 5G roll-out in the UK, writes down Chinese assets
IBM Cloud users demand further clarity over cause of global outage
O2 outage highlights importance of software ... – ComputerWeekly.com
O2 expected to pursue Ericsson for compensation over ... – ComputerWeekly.com
O2 drops Ericsson after outage – ComputerWeekly.com


text:
Q: Lua 5.2 Can't access function in C library I have written this simple library:
#include "lua.h"
#include "lauxlib.h"

static int l_or(lua_State *l)
{
  int i, result = 0;
  int nargs = lua_gettop(l);
  for(i = 1; i <= nargs; ++i)
  {
    result |= lua_tointeger(l, i);
  }

  lua_pushnumber(l, result);
  return 1;
}

static const luaL_Reg mybit [] = {
  {"or", l_or},
  {NULL, NULL}  /* sentinel */
};

int __declspec(dllexport) luaopen_mybit (lua_State *L)
{
      luaL_newlibtable(L, mybit);
      luaL_setfuncs(L, mybit,0);
      return 1;
}

Compiled to a DLL called mylib.dll.
Which I then test using the standalone Lua interpreter using the following script:
print ("Test script")

mybit = require("mybit")
print(mybit)

mybit.or(1,2,3)
--print(mybit.or)

When I run the script I get the following output:
lua: test.lua:6: <name> expected near 'or'

According to all the examples I have looked at this should be perfectly ok. If I comment out mybit.or(1,2,3) I get
Test script
table: 005A8EB8

So I am fairly confident that the library is being loaded. My problem is that I can't understand why I can't access the or function using the dot operator.
I am using Lua 5.2 compiled with mingw-gcc.

A: or is a reserved word in Lua (it's the logical or operator). This is why all existing bitwise operation libraries in Lua name the or-function something like bor. and and not are similarly reserved. (The complete list of reserved words can be found here.)
You can still call it by using a string:
print(mybit["or"](1,2,3))
print(mybit["or"])

But you're better off following the example of existing bitwise operation libraries and naming it something other than or.

A: You are using or as the function name which is a keyword in Lua, try another name, like my_or.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange