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Our Weekly Roundup of News and Views on Solitary Confinement
By Valerie Kiebala | January 18, 2021
• The Associated Press reported that all federal prisons have been locked down in anticipation of the potentially violent protests that could erupt across the country on the inauguration day of Joe Biden. The Bureau of Prisons (BOP) has reportedly begun to move some of its Special Operations Response Team (SORT) from federal prisons to Washington D.C., following the insurrection carried out by Trump supporters at the U.S. Capitol on January 6. According to a BOP spokesman, about 100 officers were sent to the Department of Justice and given "special legal powers" to "enforce federal criminal statutes and protect federal property and personnel." The last federal lockdown was in April allegedly to combat the spread of the coronavirus, and so far, 190 people held in federal custody as well as three staff members have died from the virus.
• The Philadelphia Inquirer reported that people held in the Philadelphia jail have been locked in their cells for all but fifteen minutes a day, after the city's Department of Prisons enforced a stricter lockdown due to the pandemic. Federal judge Berle Schiller ordered the department to ease the lockdown. "The current shelter-in-place policy…keeps incarcerated people in their cells for nearly 24 hours a day, and such prolonged confinement is harmful to the mental and physical health of incarcerated individuals," Schiller wrote. The court filings reported people not allowed out of their cells for days at a time and going five days without a shower or phone call. The lockdown has also worsened access to mental health care. One person in the jail died by suicide in December and between March to August 2020, there were 32 suicide attempts.
• NBC reported that people held in the Santa Clara County jails have engaged in a hunger strike to demand better treatment under the spread of the coronavirus. Silicon Valley De-Bug published a report detailing the dangerous conditions in the jail and featuring personal accounts from incarcerated people. One San Jose Spotlight story in September called the jail a "hellhole," reporting sick people being housed in cells with rodent feces and forced to bathe with a sock and shared bucket of water. The mother of a man held in a 26-day quarantine at the jail said, "Those inside who test positive are subject to being placed in unsanitary conditions or solitary confinement, and also subject to not having any contact with their families or friends for a lengthy period of time, which is perceived as punishment."
• In an Albuquerque Journal article, social worker Thelonika McCollum shared her testimony about working at the Santa Fe State Penitentiary in New Mexico, where it was her responsibility to conduct mental health examinations for people in solitary. McCollum said, "We're going around, basically, with (evaluations) pre-filled out. And you just get the inmate to sign it. You don't actually spend time with them, or be like, 'Oh, how's your mental health right now?'" McCollum said people were not provided adequate mental health resources, despite some facing severe crises of delusions and self-mutilation. McCollum believes putting a person with mental illness in solitary is torture and supports the Corrections Restricted Housing Act, a 2019 state bill that bans the placement of children, pregnant women, and psychiatrically disabled people in solitary. But McCollum ultimately quit her job because of the unethical practices at the prison.
• Shadowproof published an article about the reported use of solitary confinement as retaliation against politically active people held at the Toledo Correctional Institution in Ohio. Curry, an alleged leader of the Lucasville uprising, now spends 23 hours a day in his cell during the week and 24 hours a day during the weekend. He was told he would remain there for two years. Mustafa, who has spent the last 18 months in solitary, was forced to live in the dark for five days in a cell the size of a bathroom. He expects to stay in solitary for the remainder of his prison sentence, ending in 2030. Mustafa said, "It's pure torture and over a period of time it has the ability to diminish the things inside an individual that makes him a human being. Guys begin to act like animals locked in a cage, only knowing how to communicate through loud noises, only knowing how to express themselves by throwing feces and urine and doing things that a normal human being would never do."
• Florida Politics reported that on January 12, Broward Senator Perry Thurston introduced SB 570, or the Youth in Solitary Confinement Bill, which would limit the placement of children in solitary. The bill would still allow officials to place youth in "emergency cell confinement" in extreme cases, but the child would not be held there for more than 24 hours and a mental health clinician would have to certify the decision. Under the bill, youth could still be placed in "disciplinary cell confinement" if they commit a major violation but Thurston is introducing another bill that would ban the use of disciplinary cell confinement completely. Even so, SB 570 mandates that youth held in disciplinary cell confinement must be allowed two hours outside, a daily shower, access to resources, monitored every fifteen minutes, and released from solitary after 72 hours. If Governor Ron DeSantis signs the bill, it would take effect July 1.
• The Tampa Bay Times reported that the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) has threatened potential legal consequences for the Florida Department of Corrections (FDOC) if they do not "satisfactorily" address the "systemic" sexual abuse against incarcerated women at Lowell Correctional Institution within 49 days. In a report last month, the DOJ found that women at Lowell were raped, sodomized, beaten, and humiliated in exchange for essentials such as toilet paper. FDOC Secretary Mark Inch denied the validity of the report and said that no action has been taken to address the issue. Incarcerated women at Lowell have complained about this abuse for over a decade. If they report the misconduct, the women say they are subjected to solitary and other retaliation. Activist Debra Bennett said, "Our punishment was to be removed from society for our crimes—not to be raped or groped or beaten, crippled and killed."
• Source Weekly reported that prison staff and incarcerated people in Oregon have been placed on the state's second priority group to receive the vaccination, in line with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations. So far, all the 400 vaccines delivered to the Oregon Department of Corrections (DOC) have been administered to staff members. As of January 10, 27 people in custody have died after contracting the virus. While the DOC claims that incarcerated people can get tested upon request and "promptly transferred to an institution with 24/7 medical care," Juan Chavez of the Oregon Justice Resource Center said, "That just isn't what we've heard from people." Chavez said, "It's no secret that [incarcerated people] don't want to be tested. They don't want to be put in solitary confinement. There's a lot that's bad about prison…[but] nothing compares to solitary confinement."
This entry was posted in News, Seven Days in Solitary and tagged Activism, basic human rights, Bureau of Prisons (BOP), California, children/juveniles, conditions of confinement, disciplinary segregation, Federal Prisons, Florida, Florida Department of Corrections (FDOC), health care, hunger strikes, hygiene, jails, Legislation, lockdowns, mental health care, Mental Illness, New Mexico, Ohio, Oregon Department of Corrections, Pennsylvania, Political Prisoners, Psychological Effects, rape/sexual abuse, Retaliation, self-harm/self-mutilation, solitary survivor narratives, Suicide, Torture, U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ), vulnerable populations, youth. Bookmark the permalink.


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Typically, this is one of the biggest regions for online casinos, but it's somewhat of a grey area and that seems to scare many casinos away. We've also seen reports that Drift Casino is not available in Canada, which would be even more surprising. However, we've tested this ourselves using a VPN and were able to visit the site, register, and play without issue.
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We're in that category ourselves and feel like Drift Casino is a little barren.
Instead of a traditional sidebar, one which lists everything from the menu options to jackpot winners, games, promotions, and more, Drift Casino has a pop-up menu that displays 5 menu options all squashed together at the top (see image below).
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In fact, Drift Casino is one of a very small number of casinos we have reviewed that doesn't have "Low Withdrawal Limit" placed firmly in the "Cons" section. To see why this is such a big issue, take a peek at our Casinomia review.
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Drift Casino has a Live Chat feature and this is available 24/7. The company is very adept at responding to complaints and queries and we have yet to discover an issue in this department.
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Final Word on Drift Casino
As you can see in our Rabona Casino review, it's hard to find an online casino that also has a sportsbook, offers a massive selection of eSports betting markets, and doesn't have a low withdrawal limit.
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Billed as an "appreciation walk and ride" for the American flag, hundreds converged on New Paltz yesterday bedecked with Old Glory. They were met by perhaps two score of protesters, resulting in a thunderous shouting match across Main Street for several minutes. The arrival of a prearranged convoy of military vehicles and motorcycles drowned out even that cacophony, and also served as a signal to flag supporters that it was time to head back uptown for free snacks.
The event was instigated by reactions on social media to a fundraising campaign to paint a mural of the flag on a brick wall at La Bella Pizza Bistro, which is a frequent target for graffiti. Regardless of what the flag is or was intended to represent, it evokes different feelings in different people, and many of the responses were negative.
Maria Lisanti owns La Bella Pizza Bistro, and it was her idea to paint a mural of the flag, because she felt it would be a "beautiful" image which would be "perfect for the wall" across from the middle school. She initially thought a mural would deter graffiti, but admitted after Sunday's event that she was less certain in light of the strong reaction against the flag itself.
Work on the mural has already begun, but Lisanti won't release the artist's name "for a few days." Completing the project will take about 16 working days, which are dependent on the weather.
The anonymous artist, had she arrived Sunday ready for work, might have had difficulty finding parking. The lot quickly filled up, and walk organizer Joey Garcia arranged overflow at Joe's East-West. Inside the pizzeria, patriotic colors were on display more than an hour before the official noon start, and a brisk business was being done in late-morning slices. As the event machinery geared up, tables outside were set up for selling shirts commemorating the event and volunteers moved through the crowd, pressing flags into any empty hand. Others brought in freebies: baked goods and other treats to bolster the spread Lisanti would offer after the walk, boxes of flags, prizes donated to raffle off to fund the mural, enamel pins that look a lot like the flag but upon closer inspection reveal a nonstandard arrangement of the 50 stars.
Flags of many sizes were carried by people of many ages, from tiny toddlers to people who have been waving the star-spangled banner since the Vietnam war. Little girls with pigtails wore them as hair sticks, and at least three adults violated the U.S. Flag Code by wearing hoodies made of the flag itself. One of them, Kristin Pinkham, said, "I think today we can make an exception. I love my flag." The flag code, which carries no penalties, includes other rules such as never leaving a displayed flag in darkness or allowing it to become neglected and fall into disrepair, as one might observe with flags hung from freeway overpasses.
During the lead-up and throughout the day, Garcia continually repeated the message that this was to be a peaceful event, free of politics. It did not appear any violence occurred, but numerous heated exchanges were reported; asking for politics to be set aside in New Paltz was probably asking too much. Nevertheless, he told attendees that the intent was to express appreciation "in a peaceful, positive way," and while there were unconfirmed reports about verbal exchanges including elements of hate speech, it appears that no actual violence occurred.
Garcia, who ran unsuccessfully for school board earlier this year, is a six-year military veteran and connects military service to the flag very strongly. In the flag he sees "all that's good in the world;" the United States is not perhaps a perfect union, but he feels it's a "force for good in the world." When "vocal opposition" was raised to Lisanti's mural, he says he took "personal issue with that," and decided, "Let's all take a walk together" to express flag appreciation.
Protester Zoe Supina said that her concern is about how the flag is used. "A lot of times it's used for white nationalism," she said while holding a banner before the big walk. She was present to "advocate for peace" and promote coexistence, rather than uphold use of military force overseas.
Flag supporter Scott Pinkham said that the banner "should have no political affiliation. It's for all sides." Like others, he expressed no clear understanding of the purpose of protest. "I didn't protest Obama," he said.
Pinkham's teenage son Clay, who said his parents didn't make him attend, said, "Anyone against the flag is against the country." He wasn't the only representative of his generation; several boys from the local high school were also there, waving three-foot-by-five-foot flags confidently.
The walk was kicked off with a recording of the "Star-Spangled Banner," and as participants headed off downtown along the southern sidewalk, a now larger group of protesters kicked off their own march directly in front. Their chants in opposition to racism, police brutality, imperialism and oppression like, "no justice, no peace" were met quickly with a refrain of "U.S.A.!" from those waving the red, white and blue in counterpoint to the protesters' black flags, which represent anarchy. Town police officers, out in force and tacitly backed up by sheriff's deputies and state troopers who drove by even more frequently than usual, kept the walkers mostly on the sidewalks as they made their way down to the corner of Chestnut Street. At that point the crowd began to congregate and tensions seemed to mount, until finally protesters crossed the street to cheers from the flag supporters.
No parade permit was sought for this walk, because they are only required when traffic must be stopped for the event. While officers did stop car traffic temporarily to allow the "rolling thunder brigade" of military transport vehicles and motorcycles to get through the Chestnut intersection quickly, there was no concerted effort to clear the road as is done, for example, for the Halloween parade. The cost of a parade permit includes paying for police overtime. Chief Joseph Snyder agreed to determine how much, if any, police overtime was used during the flag walk, but could not promise to have it by press time.
All along the route, men and women in clerical collars moved among the participants on both sides of the street. Pastor Tobias Anderson of the Redeemer Lutheran Church in New Paltz explained that this was ministry to prevent violence, by interposing themselves if necessary; according to Anderson, Rev. Mark Mast had to do just that to stop a fight at one point. Anderson observed what he felt was hateful language being used by people on both sides of the issue, and attempts to draw opponents into a physical altercation. This reporter observed one protester blocking a flag supporter two to three times his size from passing on the sidewalk, despite police orders not to block passage; numerous individuals attested to seeing flag supporters being similarly provocative, but did not offer specifics to be corroborated. Heard on the street were some strong comments, such as a supporting observing that protesters are "failed abortions" and a protester proclaiming, "You're all old and going to die." A chant of "all lives matter" from the flag side did nothing to quell the unrest.
Age distribution was notable; while protesters appeared to be largely in their 20s, the flag supporters were mostly older adults with some children in tow.
Once the protesters were facing flag supporters across the state highway, the dueling chants and verbal jibes grew louder and louder as passersby watched, astounded by the spectacle. Some of the protesters, who later identified themselves only as members of the Hudson Valley Antifascist Network, kept their faces covered, eliciting a chant of "Show your face!" One member explained that there are "plenty of reasons" to prefer anonymity when expressing such views in this political climate.
One masked supporter observed that, while white supremacists draw strength and identify the like-minded at these events, he would characterize these attendees as largely working-class people who do not benefit from the systems he was opposing through his presence. "They don't seem to understand," he said.
A very fair assessment as opposed to the one sided report put out by Spectrum news. I was not there but from the videos I saw, the protesters were definitely goading the other side to do something. I heard one say "Look at them, their just standing there, what can we do? Maybe if we all take off our clothes". Lots of use of the F word on signs, the protesters were definitely the black eye on this entire thing. In another video, a young woman continually harassed a flag carrier relentlessly. I don't know how he kept from smacking her.
Here's the deal folks – there is NO BAD REACTION TO THE FLAG – the reaction is to many of the PEOPLE who claim to be 'patriots'; who claim to be on the 'right' side of things who actually are not, and who actually have appropriated the symbol of American Democracy to represent something sinister. That's what the deal is.
to work every single day and the flag is as much OURS as it is YOURS…so let's change the tone. The 'Flag Wavers' are often the folks in places like Charlottesville who march into town to bully, intimidate and even KILL; and they are the same folks who paint Swastikas in Kingston, and encourage political candidates to 'beat up' reporters who are simply ASKING QUESTIONS…DEMOCRACY – and the FLAG – ARE ABOUT ASKING THE HARD QUESTIONS SO WE ALL HAVE AN EQUAL VOICE. PERIOD.
People backed you when you faced off with the far right, but facing off with veterans and other patriots who have bled to ensure your freedom is the wrong thing to do. I've definitely moved from supporter of antifa to a opponent.
Antifa and Liberal Radicals are the new Brown Shirts of Hitler's Youth. They are what they hate. Themselves. They even hide their faces in shame afraid of the light of day.
You're delusional if you think the Anti-Fascists are Brownshirts while the Proud Boys are beating people up in NYC. Get a grip.
This article gives absolutely no explanation by the counter-protesters about why we were present. I'm not sure if the bias is intentional or incidental, but it is negligent.
When we start protesting a symbol of democracy and freedom we have lost our constructive message.We can not use the American flag as a target for every thing we dislike about our country because there is so much to celibrate about being lucky enough to live in such a great nation.For those that are unhappy about the direction our country is going protesting the American flag will only bolster mass resistance that will drown out constructive protest to our current situation.Seeing any protest to what the flag stands for envokes anger,because so many of us have given so much to make sure it still flies for all the right reasons!


A cheerful, gregarious air pervades at this long-standing favorite of the Cork pub scene. The crowd is a good mix of stalwart locals and hip young things. They also have a good program of live music and spoken word.


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Home » Browse » Academic journals » Health and Medicine Journals » Bulletin of the World Health Organization » Article details, "Pre-Treatment Loss to Follow-Up in Tuberculosis..."
Academic journal article Bulletin of the World Health Organization
Pre-Treatment Loss to Follow-Up in Tuberculosis Patients in Low- and Lower-Middle-Income Countries and High-Burden Countries:
By MacPherson, Peter; Houben, Rein M. G. J.; Glynn, Judith R.; Corbett, Elizabeth L.; Kranzer, Katharina
Since tuberculosis was declared a global emergency in 1993 by the World Health Organization (WHO), new cases of tuberculosis and deaths from the disease have dropped dramatically in several countries with a high burden of the disease. (1) All six WHO regions are on track to meet the Millennium Development Goal target of reducing tuberculosis incidence and deaths from tuberculosis by half between 1990 and 2015 (1,2) and, with the sole exception of the African Region, all are on track to halve tuberculosis mortality rates) Nevertheless, the situation remains precarious. (3) Twenty-two predominantly low- and middle-income countries were estimated to account for 82% of the 5.7 million tuberculosis cases notified in 20101 and high rates of death from tuberculosis among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection prevail in much of sub-Saharan Africa. (4,5)
Rapid case identification of individuals with sputum smear-positive tuberculosis and rapid initiation of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy are key to controlling tuberculosis (6) and are promoted as part of the DOTS strategy model of passive case-finding that has been adopted by most national tuberculosis programmes (NTPs). (7) From the patient's perspective, the tuberculosis diagnostic and care pathway (Fig. 1) begins with a recognition of symptoms that prompt care seeking. Individuals may drop out of care during the diagnostic process ("loss to follow-up during diagnostic period"), before initiating treatment ("pre-treatment loss to follow-up", formerly known as "initial default") or after treatment has begun. Patients diagnosed with smear-positive tuberculosis who do not initiate treatment represent an important failing in the provision of care. (8,9) High rates of mortality are reported in this group. (10) Moreover, bringing these patients into care could reduce tuberculosis transmission to others. (11) Patients with a diagnosis of tuberculosis who are lost to follow-up before they receive treatment are not included in routine reporting by NTPs. Thus, programme effectiveness may be overestimated. (8)
Efforts to improve tuberculosis case detection rates have centred on ensuring rapid treatment for all individuals diagnosed with smear-positive tuberculosis. (12,13) With this goal in mind, WHO has recently changed its policy, which now calls for two sputum specimens instead of three and same-day collection. (13,14) However, assessing the impact of these changes on linkage to treatment has been hampered by a lack of understanding of the extent of pre-treatment loss to follow-up (8) and of the patient, provider and health system factors that contribute to it. (15)
Although nearly 50 years have passed since high rates of pre-treatment loss to follow-up were first identified as a potential major contributor to the failure of tuberculosis control programmes, researchers and policy-makers have paid little attention to the fate of patients who do not access treatment after receiving a diagnosis of tub erculosis. (16,17,18) Indeed, the "Piot model" used to describe loss to care at different stages for any disease was first developed for tuberculosis. (18)
This study had two main objectives: (i) to systematically quantify pre-treatment loss to follow-up in low- and lower-middle income countries and in countries with a high burden of tuberculosis; and (ii) to describe the reasons for drop-out and the outcomes seen in individuals with a tuberculosis diagnosis who do not initiate treatment. A secondary objective was to assess the quality of the studies reporting on pre-treatment loss to follow-up.
We followed PRISMA reporting guidelines for systematic reviews. (19) To define the points at which tuberculosis patients drop out of care, we developed the tuberculosis diagnostic and care pathway described in Fig. 1 using terms recommended recently that replace previously used terms such as "initial default". …
Publication: Bulletin of the World Health Organization
MacPherson, Peter
Houben, Rein M. G. J.
Glynn, Judith R.
Corbett, Elizabeth L.
Kranzer, Katharina
Stop TB Partnership
Mortality--Asia
Mortality--Sub-Saharan Africa
Mortality--Germany
Tuberculosis--Care and treatment
Health and Mortality among Elderly Populations By Graziella Caselli; Alan D. Lopez Clarendon Press, 1996
Histories of Health in Southeast Asia: Perspectives on the Long Twentieth Century By Tim Harper; Sunil S. Amrith Indiana University Press, 2014
Health Policy in a Globalising World By Kelley Lee; Kent Buse; Suzanne Fustukian Cambridge University Press, 2002
Response to a Major Disease of Poverty: The Global Partnership to Stop TB. (Special Theme-Tuberculosis) By Lee, J. W. Loevinsohn, E. Kumaresan, J. A. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, Vol. 80, No. 6, June 2002
Tackling Tuberculosis with an All-Inclusive Approach: Dr Lucica Ditiu, Newly Appointed Executive Secretary of the Stop TB Partnership, Spoke to Sarah Cumberland about the Many Challenges of Dealing with a Curable Disease That Is Still a Long Way from Elimination By Cumberland, Sarah Bulletin of the World Health Organization, Vol. 89, No. 3, March 2011
The Public Health and Air Pollution in Asia (PAPA) Project: Estimating the Mortality Effects of Particulate Matter in Bangkok, Thailand By Vichit-Vadakan, Nuntavarn Vajanapoom, Nitaya Ostro, Bart Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 116, No. 9, September 2008
Global Plan to Stop Tuberculosis: Investment in TB Control Works but Progress Uneven By UN Chronicle, Vol. 43, No. 1, March-May 2006
WHO: Multidrug-Resistant TB Cases Rise to Highest-Ever Rates By The Nation's Health, Vol. 38, No. 3, April 2008
WHO Report 2005: TB Linked to HIV at Alarming Levels in Africa By Reinhardt, Erika UN Chronicle, Vol. 42, No. 2, June-August 2005
Combating TB By The Washington Times (Washington, DC), March 27, 2005
New TB Test Cuts Diagnosis Time to 2 Days; Part of WHO Project By Fagan, Amy The Washington Times (Washington, DC), July 1, 2008
World Tuberculosis Day: 'I Am Stopping TB' By Manila Bulletin, March 24, 2008
FREE! public health The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed., 2018
FREE! World Health Organization The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed., 2018
FREE! plague The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed., 2018


High-yield corporate bond ETFs tumbled today.
"This looks to be an exit trade from this asset class," said Chris Hempstead, director of ETF execution services at WallachBeth Capital in a note, rather than a move to receive delivery of actual bonds.
Specifically, Hempstead's desk has been very active in SPDR Barclays Capital High Yield Bond ETF (JNK), which dropped 1.3% to $38.19; iBoxx $ High Yield Corporate Bond Fund (HYG), which fell 1.4% to $87.59; PowerShares Fundamental High Yield Corporate Bond Portfolio (PHB), down 0.4% to $18.46, and SPDR Barclays Capital Short Term High Yield Bond ETF (SJNK), down 0.6% to $29.70.
After a redemption of about $725 million in the SPDR Barclays Capital High Yield Bond ETF last week, allegedly for delivery of actual bonds, Hempstead says the pace of selling in high yield ETFs needs to be closely monitored.
So far this year, each of these funds has seen a significant increase in assets, for a total of more than $6 billion year-to-date. With the iBoxx fund holding $14.8 billion in assets under management, the SPDR high yield ETF holding $11.2 billion, the PowerShares ETF at $943 million and $119 million in the SPDR short-term high yield, all the funds have about doubled their assets since January 2011, says Hempstead.
He adds the products have started trading at a discount to their respective NAV, which is not uncommon, but they have a tendency to trade at a premium for longer periods than at a discount.
Robert Powell of MarketWatch today says you should buy junk bonds, while Zero Hedge says he's turned bearish on the sector.
It sure looks like that's happening. And investors aren't waiting around to see what happens. Powell says junk bond mutual funds saw $1.6 billion in outflows in just one week this month.
Meanwhile, ZeroHedge is down on the entire high-yield market, especially Greek, Irish and Portuguese bonds. However, he is particularly bearish on the iShares iBoxx $ High Yield Corporate Bond Fund (HYG) and the SPDR Barclays Capital High Yield Bond ETF (JNK).
He says if the junk bonds continue to see heavy outflows "it will be hard for high yield to maintain current prices, particularly given how illiquid it currently is." He says you can tell how illiquid they market has become by the haircuts both funds took last Thursday, when HYG fell 2%. As trading volumes in junk bonds fell and bid/ask spreads widened, institutional investors sold the ETFs rather than the actual bonds. With the liquidity at an extreme low, he says cut your high-yield risk, and is on the verge of shorting the ETFs.
ProShares today launched the first ETF that provides inverse exposure to the high-yield bond market. The ProShares Short High Yield (SJB) seeks to provide 100% the opposite daily performance of the Markit iBoxx $ Liquid High-Yield Index, before expenses. The ETF lists on NYSE Arca and charges an expense ratio of 0.95%.
Today's volume was a measly 7,700 shares and the fund ended flat at its launch price of $40.
The iBoxx $ Liquid High Yield Index has gained 12.6% over the past year, and 7.4% over the past three years on an annualized basis. It currently yields about 8%. To get the positive returns on this index check out the iShares iBoxx $ Liquid High Yield Corporate Bond Fund (HYG).
Inverse ETFs are not buy-and-hold instruments. As always, inverse funds only guarantee the inverse performance on a daily basis. That means if the market falls 10% over a three-month period, but experiences a lot of volatility during that time, you won't necessarily receive a 10% return. For instance, ProShares UltraShort 20+ Year Treasury ETF (TBT) seeks to return twice the inverse daily performance, or 200%, of the Barclays Capital 20+ Year U.S. Treasury Index. In 2010, the index rose 9.38%, which means the ETF should have seen a return of negative 18.76%. However, because of volatility, the fund's actual return was negative 26.32%.
These four ETFs have garnered more than $7 billion of assets since launching less than three years ago.


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Guts, Faith, and Finding 'The Ultimate Life'
"We can't be naive that we think Hollywood is now doing more Christian movies. No, Hollywood is doing more movies that sell tickets. At the same time, if we support it, they will keep doing it." -Rick Eldridge
Ask people on the film set of "The Ultimate Life" how they look to bring God into Hollywood? They will explain that it's writing an inspirational story that is undergirded in faith and excellence.
"I think we need to be very, very careful [and] to do things with excellence. I want to make sure that the stories that are told are told with excellence, so they reach a broader based audience," said executive producer Rick Eldridge, who owns Reel Works studios in Charlotte, N.C.
Derived from Jim Stovall's successful novels, the film is the prequel and sequel to "The Ultimate Gift". Jason Stevens (Logan Bartholomew) receives an inheritance from his grandfather Red Stevens and is running a multi-million dollar foundation. Jason finds himself in a court battle with his dysfunctional family demanding money. He receives Red's journal to discover the taste of poverty, hard work, and how being a workaholic can destroy relationships. Bill Cobbs, Peter Fonda and Drew Waters join the cast with Lee Meriwether.
Michael Landon Jr. directing one of his actors (brown coat)
In Winston-Salem North Carolina, the winds picked up and a chill runs down your back on a cattle farm roughly about 10 minutes from downtown where director Michael Landon Jr. is filming. A summer scene was set in 36-degree weather, where actors appeared to be building fences in the Texas heat. To make it look like they were under a hot Texas sun sweating, water was sprayed on their shirts for authenticity. Waters, who plays Red (ages 34-43), was brushed with a mixture of food-dye and laundry detergent. Melted chocolate (I heard) was used to darken his face for the "striking oil" scene the following day. He said tree-tea oil did the trick for removal, by the way. Extras wore straw hats, worn-out jeans, and their faces where muddied with dirt.
With props, costumes, and makeup, masking reality, the underline theme is to not solely whisk people away in Red or Jason Stevens' life, but offer movie goers a plot with substance. Eldridge said he doesn't make Christian movies; he makes movies from a Christian point of view.
Hollywood seems to be embracing more Christian films and programming. Productions like "The Bible," "The Hobbit" and "Noah" are making their mark.
But don't make any assumptions.
"We can't be naïve that we think Hollywood is now doing more Christian movies, " said Eldridge. "No, Hollywood is doing more movies that sell tickets. At the same time, if we support it, they will keep doing it."
Producer Yochanan Marcellino and CEO of City of Peace Films will be releasing "The Identical" in the fall. He said creating solid scripts and having a high-quality film will encourage Hollywood to listen and fund more movies.
"We want to bring films with a redeeming value to the world. One of the ways you do that is live where people are living. We have seen that with the reaction that we had from Hollywood. We've seen this in the casting situation in landing Ray Liotta and Ashley Judd, Joey Pantoliano and Seth Green."
Playing a younger Red, Waters really connected with the message on how we chase the wrong things in life.
"When I read that script I liked him [Red] and related to him," Waters said. "I was that guy, my father was that guy and I liked the message that was at the end of it. I am a believer through and through. I am not an actor that focuses on deep Christian movies because I don't want to preach to anybody. I want the audience to feel the undertone of everything and get the message that way."
This seems to be Landon's approach to movie making.
When Eldridge was interviewing directors for "The Gift", he narrowed it down a couple of candidates--Landon was one. Eldridge asked "What makes you feel that you can really do this story or relate to this story?"
Drew Waters (left) seen in a blue jump suit with Michael Landon, Jr. (right)
Landon, one of nine children, added "'I am Jason. That's what being a trust fund baby is all about. I grew up in a home with the same things Jason had to live with. I understand Jason.'"
This made a huge impact on Eldridge and Landon was hired.
"Michael is very soft-spoken. He thinks and studies his scenes and what he wants to accomplish. He's very soft-spoken in the way he relates to his actors. Instead of screaming behind the camera, he'll walk to them and have a conversation."
Waters started his career nine years ago at 30, and coming from a shy background, being directed by someone who didn't rant was a huge plus.
"There are many directors out there that have their own vision, and how to get it [performance] out of you," Waters told the press. "Some are very aggressive, which for me doesn't really work. To approach somebody, especially, somebody building a character, to approach them with the understanding that 'here's an idea, go with it, and see what happens.' That to me is the best director you can work with. Michael is one of those, he truly is."
"The Ultimate Life" is slated for fall release.
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text:
Exception completes refinancing deal
By The Engineer	 13th July 2010 5:40 pm 16th December 2015 11:40 am
Exception, a UK electronics contract manufacturer, has completed the refinancing of its business, which was backed by the Lloyds banking group.
The deal secures new facilities and reduces the legacy balance sheet debt of Exception by £12.7m, enabling the company to continue with its growth strategy, under which it aims to increase its annual turnover from £45m last year to £70m over the next two to three years.
New marker system leads to better implants
First Solar acquires Nextlight in £200m deal
MWH-led consortium wins SEFF contract
Buncefield oil explosion costs companies £9.5m
Tokyo scientists develop liquid-crystal memory device


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Western Digital buys Hitachi's storage business for $4.3B
Dean Takahashi	 March 7, 2011 7:08 AM
Western Digital is taking a swing at its chief rival Seagate with a $4.3 billion acquisition today of the storage division of Hitachi.
The acquisition of Hitachi Global Storage Technologies signals a new phase of consolidation in the hard disk drive business, where Seagate and WD are fierce rivals. The deal is the biggest in hard drives since Seagate bought Maxtor for $2 billion in 2005.
The deal includes $3.5 billion in cash and $750 million in WD common stock. Steve Milligan, chief executive of Hitachi GST, will join Irvine, Calif.-based WD as president, while WD's John Coyne will remain as chief executive. The companies said the result will be a customer-focused storage company with significant operating scale, strong global talent and the industry's broadest product portfolio.
Under the terms of the agreement, WD will acquire Hitachi GST for $3.5 billion in cash and 25 million WD common shares valued at $750 million, based on a WD closing stock price of $30.01 as of last Friday. Japanese conglomerate Hitachi will own 10 percent of Western Digital shares after the deal and two Hitachi representatives will sit on WD's board. The deal is approved by the companies' boards and is expected to close in the third quarter. WD will fund the deal by paying a combination of cash and borrowing $2.5 billion. It will be interesting to see how this changes the competition with Seagate, the world's largest storage company.
IHS iSuppli analyst Fang Zhang says that this deal will make WD into the largest maker of hard disk drives on a global basis, moving its market share to 49.6 pecent, compared to 29.4 percent for Seagate, based on data from the fourth quarter. Hitachi will also enable WD to enter the critical enterprise hard drive segment, where WD is a marginal player. In that lucrative segment, Seagate has 65 percent of the market and Hitachi has 27 percent, compared to just 1 percent for WD.
Hard disk drive shipments are expected to hit 160.9 million units in the first quarter of 2011, down 3.9 percent from the fourth quarter's 167.5 million. That helps explain why this deal is taking place now, Zhang says. Amid weaker industry conditions, organic sales growth is harder to achieve and that in turns prompts acquisitions.


Divan heads the gaming and animation section at MCR. As a seasoned musician, he has a natural inclination towards sound production and mixing. At home you'll find him creating groovy bass lines for Blynd Tyger, developing his many skills day by day..


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Dick Simpson was a two-sport standout for the Indians during his time at Napa High, but truly excelled on the football field. A Co-Captain on the 1964-1965 squad, he had the unique distinction of being named to the All-North Bay…
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Have your 2011-12 TV shows been canceled?
By By Curt Wagner
RedEye |
CBS has canceled "CSI: Miami," making it one of many shows that won't return in Fall 2012. (CBS)
CBS has canceled "CSI: Miami" after 10 seasons, making it the first show in the "CSI" franchise to end. With the networks announcing their Fall 2012 TV schedules this week, I thought I'd create a master list of the current shows that have been canceled or have ended their runs. I'll update as I learn of more.
"Charlie's Angels," "Desperate Housewives," "GCB," "Man Up!," "Missing," "Pan Am," "The River," "Work It," "Combat Hospital," "Extreme Makeover: Home Edition," "101 Ways to Leave a Game Show," "Take the Money and Run," "The Revolution," "Karaoke Battle USA" and "Expedition Impossible"
"CSI: Miami," "A Gifted Man," "How To Be A Gentleman," "NYC 22," "Rob," "Unforgettable" and "CHAOS"
"H8R," "One Tree Hill," "Remodeled," "Ringer" and "The Secret Circle"
"Alcatraz," "Allen Gregory," "Breaking In," "The Finder," "House," "I Hate My Teenage Daughter," "Napoleon Dynamite" and "Terra Nova"
"Are You There, Chelsea?," "Awake," "Best Friends Forever," "Bent," "Chuck," "The Firm," "Free Agents," "Harry's Law," "The Playboy Club," "Prime Suspect," "Love Bites," "Who Do You Think You Are?" "Who's Still Standing," "Fear Factor," "The Sing-Off," "Minute to Win It," "The Marriage Ref," "It's Worth What?" "Escape Routes"
CABLE NETWORKS
"Bored To Death," "How To Make It In America," "Hung," "The Life And Times Of Tim" and "Luck"
"Against the Wall," "The Protector"
"Make It or Break It," "The Nine Lives of Chloe King," "State of Georgia"
"Good Vibes," "The Hard Times of RJ Berger," "Skins"
"Memphis Beat," "Men of a Certain Age"
"Cash Cab," Man, Woman, Wild"
USA: "In Plain Sight"
TLC: "All-American Muslim"
Spike TV: "Blue Mountain State"
IFC: "The Increasingly Poor Decisions of Todd Margaret"
Disney XD: "I'm in the Band"
Disney: "The Wizards of Waverly Place"
OWN: "The Rosie Show"
TBS: "Tyler Perry's Meet the Browns"
Top editorial staff leaving A.V. Club entertainment site after refusing to relocate from Chicago to new offices in LA


Mix is a platform that takes the coolest stuff on the internet, concentrates it, curates it, then drops it right into your hands. It's inspired by the idea that while we are constantly served an avalanche of personalized content, finding something that sparks a real interest is like finding a needle in a haystack. Mix remedies this by going deeper than what you like and who you know, unearthing finds that are real, delightful surprises.
In an era of personalized content, it was incredibly important to differentiate Mix. To address this Character developed a strategy around Mix's three platform pillars: discovery, expression, and connection. Our strategy centered around Mix's curation, showcasing it as an active endeavor that helped users expand their horizons, express the way their mind works, and connect them with the curious and the creative.
For a platform that celebrates creativity and curiosity, Character created a logo that was just as expressive. It features several components that twist, weave, and blend into something greater than the sum of their identities. Components that are always able to transform again.
For out of home applications, we harnessed the negative space in the mark and the personality of dripping paint to create a visual metaphor that illustrates Mix's ability to curate a robust blend of content. The visual identity transcends to UI elements, loading and refresh icons play like dynamic dollops of paint that rotate through different, vibrant hues.


Changes in intestinal bacteria may help explain why successfully treated HIV patients nonetheless experience life-shortening chronic diseases earlier than those who are uninfected, according to a new study led by UC San Francisco.
These changes in gut bacteria may perpetuate inflammation initially triggered by the body's immune response to HIV, researchers reported.
Their study was published online July 10 in the journal Science Translational Medicine.
The new findings support recent research pointing to such persistent inflammation is a possible cause of the early onset of common chronic diseases found in HIV patients, who now can live for decades without immune system destruction and death due to infection thanks to lifelong treatment with antiretroviral drugs. Likewise, in the general population, ongoing inflammation has been linked in some studies to chronic conditions, such as heart disease, dementia and obesity.
Studies have shown that inflammation is induced by HIV in both treated and untreated patients, and is associated with - and possibly causes - disease in both, according to Joseph M. McCune, MD, PhD, chief of the Division of Experimental Medicine at UCSF and a senior author of the study. McCune has been investigating the causes of chronic inflammation in HIV-infected patients and has treated patients with HIV for more than three decades.
"We want to understand what allows the virus to persist in patients who have HIV disease, even after treatment," he said. "In this study, we see that bacteria in the gut may play a role."
The study was initiated by Ivan Vujkovic-Cvijin, a graduate student working in McCune's lab in collaboration with Susan Lynch, PhD, an associate professor in the Division of Gastroenterology at UCSF and an expert on the human microbiome, the collection of microbes the live in and on the human body.
Researchers estimate that humans have about 10 times as many bacterial cells as human cells, and earlier studies have demonstrated that some of the microbes found within the intestines are able to drive immune responses, according to Lynch.
"We thought the gut microbiome might be different in HIV-infected individuals, and that the high degree of immune activation in the patients might be associated with and possibly due to the presence of specific members of the bacterial community," Lynch said.
Vujkovic-Cvijin identified bacterial species in biopsied patient samples by tracking a gene that is unique among different bacterial species. Working with co-first author, Richard Dunham, PhD, a UCSF postdoctoral fellow, he also tracked markers of inflammation in the blood.
The researchers compared seven untreated HIV patients, including six with active infection and one long-term patient who never developed AIDS; 18 HIV patients in whom ongoing drug treatment had reduced HIV in the blood to undetectable levels; and nine uninfected individuals matched for other health risks. The patients are part of a group being monitored through ongoing research led by UCSF's Steven Deeks, MD, and Jeffrey Martin, MD, MPH, at San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center.
"We found that HIV-infected people have a very different gut microbiome than people who are uninfected," Vujkovic-Cvijin said. "In particular, infected people harbor more bacteria that can cause harmful inflammation, like Pseudomonas, Salmonella, E. coli, and Staphylococcus."
The degree to which normal bacterial communities in the colon were disrupted corresponded to the levels of an inflammatory molecule, IL-6, in the blood, and also to the production of an enzyme called indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase.
The enzyme can impair the gut's ability to function as a barrier, thereby allowing bacteria and molecules produced by bacteria to enter the body to fuel even more inflammation.
Species of bacteria that can mimic the action of this enzyme also were more abundant in HIV-infected participants, Vujkovic-Cvijin found.
The researchers do not believe that there is a single bacterial species responsible for disrupting the integrity of the gut nor do they propose a specific probiotic bacterial treatment to restore a healthy gut.
Nonetheless, Lynch said, manipulating microbial populations is a promising idea.
"It appears that changes in the microbiome perpetuate a vicious cycle that drives inflammation in HIV-infected patients," she said. "We are considering a restoration ecology approach to restore appropriate microbial colonization patterns and healthy functioning of the gut microbiome."
McCune believes that inflammation may also play a role in maintaining the persistence of HIV, even in those with no circulating virus in the bloodstream.
"Our dream is to be able to make the virus go away, allowing HIV-infected people to lead longer lives without the need for life-long therapy," he said. "Perhaps restoring the microbiome to normal will be one strategy to make that happen."
The research was funded by the National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation, UCSF, and the Harvey V. Berneking Living Trust.


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Robert Moses Quotes
"Robert Moses" was the "master builder" of mid-20th century New York City, Long Island, Rockland County, and Westchester County, New York. As the shaper of a modern city, he is sometimes compared to Baron Haussmann of Second French Empire/Second Empire Paris, and was arguably one of the most polarization (politics)/polarizing figures in the history of urban planning in the United States. His decisions favoring highways over public transit helped create the modern suburbs of Long Island and influenced a generation of engineer/engineers, architects, and urban planners who spread his philosophies across the nation. One of his major contributions to urban planning was New York's large parkway network.
If you enjoy these quotes, be sure to check out other famous public servants! More Robert Moses on Wikipedia.
Here the skeptic finds chaos and the believer further evidence that the hand that made us is divine.
If you elect a matinee idol mayor, you're going to have a musical comedy administration.
[It is] the most hideous waterfront structure ever inflicted on a city by a combination of architectural conceit and official bad taste. the Cathedral of Asphalt.
Frank Lloyd Wright's inverted oatmeal dish and silo with their awkward cantilevering, their jaundiced skin and the ingenious spiral ramp leading down past the abstractions which mirror the tortured maladjustments of our time.
Robert Morvillo


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Home Original Vintage Movie Posters Horror Movie Posters Sci-Fi Freaks Movie Poster Lobby Card 1949 Group Scene - MUST SEE!
Freaks Movie Poster Lobby Card 1949 Group Scene - MUST SEE!
"Freaks", 1932
Original Vintage Lobby Card movie poster (11x14")
You know the story behind this historical film. So, we'll just say this is one of the best cards of the set, and in nice condition. This lobby card is from the 1949 release of this 1932 film, which was considered so abominable for the public to see it was banned in Great Britain. .Goes without saying this won't last long. Terrific scene with sideshow people and Wallace Ford (see interesting bio for Wallace Ford below). The best card of the set with all main cast members!
* See enlargable image above.
Very good condition. Had minor restoration to fix small borer tears and a few spots in upper left corner.
* We have been so fortunate to recently acquire four lobby cards of eight from this film. See the others below under Also Recommended.
Freaks (Excelsior, R-1949). Lobby Card (11" X 14").
Freaks was considered so controversial when MGM originally released the film in 1932 that the studio immediately pulled it from theatres. It wasn't until 1949 that an independent distributor, Dwain Esper, acquired the rights and put it back into release. The lobbies that feature the freaks are the most desirable and this scene depicts Schlitze, Jennie Lee and Elvira Snow, the"pin-heads" of the circus and all main actors.Excellent +.condition
* Authenticity Guaranteed for Life
** Of course Cvtreasures.com stamp NOT on original lobby card.
FREAKS History:
The original 1932 one sheet for this film has (as far as we know in over 40 years collecting) never appeared on the market. The insert sold at auction in 2009 for about $110,000. A 1932 lobby card sold in 2010 for $15,500.
NOTE: None of the 1932 posters and lobby cards showed the "Freaks". One 1932 lobby card shows them at the dinner table, but the "Freaks" are mostly hidden from view. Only the 1949 Posters like this lobby explicitly shows any of the "Freaks", with actually photo images (Not animation).
This is most likely because in 1932 the film was considered taboo and too extreme for the early 1930s culture. The film was actually banned at the time in Britain.
Wallace Ford BIO: (One of the most extraordianry character actors of the 20th century!)
Because this bio omits it, I want to add my favorite Wallace Ford role as the Cab Driver in Harvey, in what I consider the "scene stealer"! His short appearance emphasized the extraordinary theme of the entire film...
Wallace Ford's career as a character actor in over 200 films from 1932 to 1965 can be divided into two parts. In his early movies his freckled and friendly face and wavy hair lent itself to light, wise-cracking leads in a string of B pictures. By 1950 he had morphed into a stocky, grizzled old-timer in an impressive group of Westerns. What is more remarkable is that he had any career at all considering the hardships of his childhood and youth, and that he turned out, by all accounts, to be a heck of a nice guy.
Ford was born Samuel Jones Grundy on February 12, 1898, in Bolton, Lancashire, England. Somehow as an infant he was separated from his parents and ended up in an orphanage and, while still quite young, was sent to its branch in Toronto. From then until 1909 he lived in an astonishing seventeen foster homes until, still just an eleven-year-old boy, he ran away and joined a Canadian vaudeville troupe called the Winnipeg Kiddies, with whom he stayed for three years.
Tragedy had not completely left his life yet, however. Samuel Jones Grundy, still just a young adolescent, joined a friend to ride the rails in America. It was perhaps an adventure to the two young hobos, but it was dangerous as well. His friend was crushed to death by a railroad car. His friend's name was Wallace Ford, and Grundy honored him by taking his name as he embarked on his career in the United States. The newcomer's fresh face and energetic talent helped him find work, in theatrical troupes, repertory companies, and vaudeville.
Ford made it to Broadway in 1921. He appeared in such plays as "Abraham Lincoln," "Abie's Irish Rose," and "Bad Girl." More important, in 1922 he wed Martha Harworth. Their marriage would last for the rest of their lives. The couple had one child, their daughter, Patricia.
Then, in 1932, Ford signed a contract with MGM and had his film debut in "Possessed" with Joan Crawford. Also in 1932, he appeared in the movie for which many young film fans, especially horror aficionados, remember him --- "Freaks." Ford was to act in quite a few chillers, several with Bela Lugosi, but for the most part he played the lead in a number of B pictures in the thirties many of them light mysteries and "old dark house" scares. He was never the handsome, debonair lead, but rather a quick-witted, wise-cracking, average-looking guy. As was said earlier, Ford appeared in over 200 films. Thirteen of them were directed by John Ford. When John Ford liked an actor, he cast him over and over in his films. Witness John Wayne. For example, in 1934 Wallace Ford appeared in "The Lost Patrol" with Victor McLaglen, Boris Karloff, and the Irish immigrant actor J.M. Kerrigan, who would be a life-long friend. Interestingly, while filming "The Lost Patrol" in the Arizona desert, Wallace Ford clobbered a cook who had refused to serve a black laborer. Then in 1935, John Ford cast him (again with McLaglen and Kerrigan) in the highly-respected film "The Informer."
Another remarkable event occurred in Wallace Ford's life in the mid-1930s. He searched for his long-lost natural parents in England, a search that drew worldwide headlines and, amazingly, ended successfully.
In the 1940s Ford continued to make films steadily. By then he had settled into character parts --- no more leads, but still a featured player. He had a wonderful reputation in the film community. Everyone who knew Ford seemed to agree he was a nice guy, with a breezy personality, always quick with a joke, who kept things light and fun on the set.
By 1950 Ford had put on enough weight to be called, generously, "stocky." His face had softened, his wavy hair had turned white, and he now had a white mustache and often a white beard or at least whiskers. Most of his remaining films would be Westerns, many of them highly-regarded. Two of the best-known are "The Man from Laramie" (1955) with James Stewart and "Warlock" with Henry Fonda and Richard Widmark. In the latter he plays a hobbled townsman who, near the end of the film, irritates Fonda's character so much he kicks the crutch away from Ford, toppling him to the floor. In real life, Ford and Fonda were friends and appeared together in the 1959-1960 television series "The Deputy." One major non-Western Ford made in the 50s was "The Matchmaker" in which he again got a chance to play comedy. Imagine Ford, sixty years old now, on the street with top hat and cane, sticking his big belly out proudly so that a band of shirt shows between his vest and trousers.
The only chance for an acting award Ford ever got was when he was nominated (but did not win) a Golden Laurel as best supporting actor for "A Patch of Blue" in 1965. It is his last film, and in it he looks gaunt and haggard, no doubt due to his failing heart.
Martha, his wife of forty-four years died in 1966. A short time later, on June 11, 1966, at the Motion Picture Country House in Woodland Hills, California, Wallace Ford's heart gave out. He is buried in Holy Cross Cemetery in Culver City.
Freaks Vintage Horror One Sheet movie poster
Original Vintage Sci Fi Horror Movie Memorabilia Collectible...
Freaks Original Vintage Photo Still 1932
"Freaks" Original Vintage Photo Still (8x10"...
Freaks Vintage Still Photo 1932 Main stars and Freaks
"Freaks", 1932 Original Vintage Still Photo ...
BARNUM & BAILEY CIRCUS SIDESHOW Photo WILD MEN OF BORNEO
Original Vintage Antique Circus Memorabilia Collectible...
BARNUM & BAILEY CIRCUS SIDESHOW ALBINO WOMAN CABINET Photo
BARNUM BAILEY CIRCUS SIDESHOW ANTIQUE CABINET PHOTO Dwarf C
BARNUM BAILEY CIRCUS SIDESHOW FAT BOY PERFORMER PHOTO Navar


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Jeju Diving Women
[My article, reposted from Jeju Weekly]
Portrait of a Diving Woman
A glimpse into the life of Jeju's famed 'jamsu'
▲ A jamsu harvests sea products from the ocean floor.
Photo by Brenda Paik Sunoo, author of "Moon Tides"
"We go to the Otherworld [jeoseung] to earn money, and return to the earthly world [iseung] to save our kids."
From mother to daughter, this proverb has been passed down through generations of Jeju's diving women. It provides encouragement, solace, and purpose in life.
"When I'm in the sea and the weather is bad, the water unclear, I often wonder: why am I doing this? But when it's a good day, and the catch is in sight, my mind is completely empty except for my goal. And when I emerge from the water, all of my worries and cares have somehow disappeared."
A common sentiment among the diving women, these are the words of Hong Kyung-ja, 62, the chief of Hansu village fishing collective – and a diver for 50 years.
Hong describes her profession in terms of freedom: ease of both movement and spirit when in the water, the right to decide for herself each day whether she dives or not, and a measure of control over her own destiny.
Jeju Island has 100 fishing villages and thus, 100 "eochongye" or economic collectives which govern both fishers and divers. With fewer than 20 women in the position of "gyejang," an office decided by election, Hong – who has served as such for 8 years thus far – is in a minority.
She cites little difficulty being a woman in this position, mentioning only that she would sometimes like to meet with a colleague over dinner or drinks to thank him or discuss business, but as a woman in Jeju's Confucian society, is prohibited by social norms from doing so. However, there are also advantages conferred by her gender.
Hong continues to dive nearly every day, believing that she can better help her divers by having firsthand, up-to-date knowledge of the profession and the sea's condition – including its pollution.
She also helps other divers develop leadership qualities.
"We are a community," she says. "We fight at times, yet we are like a family."
According to Hong, members of the collective take care of one another, contributing to the well-being of the sick and elderly, and split their profits equally regardless of individual ability. They cook and eat together and often collaborate in small businesses like seafood restaurants.
The Hansu collective recently won an award for community spirit from the Haenyeo Museum located in Hado village, Gujwa district.
There is often confusion regarding the term for these diving women. Though it differs from one village to the next, the divers generally prefer "jamsu" (diving women), according to Hong and others.
"Haenyeo" is the most well-known term, first appearing in 18th century Jeju literature but it has gained in popularity only recently as a tourism term. It means "sea-female" and evokes images of mermaids.
Hong explained, "In [the] Korean language, the word 'nyeo' means female but is typically used for young girls: to women, it can feel demeaning." 'Yeo' or 'yeoseong' are the generally accepted terms for women.
"Among ourselves, it's simply 'onni' [sister] or 'samchun' [liter. 'uncle' but used generically for those village members who are one's elder]," Hong said. She added that a few years ago, the Jeju government asked all collectives to forego "haenyeo" and use "jamnyeo" or "jamsu" instead. This has not yet become common practice.
The Hansu collective has 152 members, including 81 women and 71 men. Of their earnings, 3.5 percent remains with the organization, 1.5 percent helps to maintain the office and other buildings, while the remaining 2 percent is applied toward "ceremony" and "reinvestment in the sea."
Hong explained that there are two annual ceremonies, or shamanic rites, held for the collective: Yeongdeung-gut, held early in the lunar calendar for both fishers and divers to entreat the beneficence of a sea deity; and Jamsu-gut, also held in early spring but strictly for divers.
In addition, divers regularly perform their own rite, known as "pungeogiwonje," for safety and prosperity.
As to "reinvestment" in or "feeding" the ocean, each collective cultivates shellfish seedlings that they release into the sea, a common marine practice.
"The sea is turning white," Hong said. "There is no more seaweed left. The marine life is much less than it was in my youth."
"When a typhoon damages the farmers' crops, they are compensated by the government," she added, "but we are not compensated for the destruction of the sea by climate change — because the damage is invisible to those who do not enter the water."
This damage is but one change Hong has seen during a career that spans the last half-century. She has also witnessed changes brought about by modernization.
The wetsuits now worn by diving women enable them to dive for longer periods and throughout the year, according to Hong, which seems ironic in light of the decrease in available marine product.
"We can dive more often, but we harvest much less," she said. "However, since there's less product on the market, we can also get a higher price for it," she further explained.
Fishing villages and their ceremonies have increasingly become tourist sites, a phenomenon with which Hong takes no small issue.
"It isn't the real, authentic life" of the diving women, she argues. "The 'haenyeo school,' the 'haenyeo experience,' and festivals – these are not real. Our community is dying out. But we must revive the old ways, not recreate them as tourist attractions."
She has also witnessed a change in the sense of community shared by diving women. Where once the women dived wearing only "mulot" or "water clothes" – a specialized bathing costume – and warmed themselves in the "bulteok" or stone enclosure surrounding a central fire, talking and sharing their lives, they now go from diving in wetsuits to the use of modern seaside shower facilities, then quickly hop into their cars to return home.
"We don't share with one another like we once did," she sighed.
The government provides the wetsuits, as well as hospitalization costs, specialized oxygen treatments, and seaside facilities. When asked what the diving women need from the government, Hong replied, "a policy book to help explain things better to the membership, a retirement or pension plan, and no reduction in the current budget."
She further suggested that government officials "get out of their offices and come down to the sea to see for themselves the damages brought on by pollution and climate change."
The famed "strong Jeju woman" is most often visualized in these diving women. Taught the skills of diving by her mother and grandmother, Hong reported feeling "very proud" of her lineage as a member of this "woman's island."
"We hold our breath, go into cold water, and raise our kids," she said, referring back to the proverb she has repeated throughout her life. "And we are brave, and we survive."
17 August 2011 · Posted in Articles written by Dr Hilty [published], Culture(s), East Asian Philosophy, Environment / Ecology, Health and Well-being, Jeju Island, Shamanism / Animism, Women's Issues ·
Portrait of a Village
Mythology and Worldview


It's THAT time of year again, when home-based working moms traditionally put our businesses on hold while the demands of the holidays overtake our normal routines! Unless you sell products that folks may purchase as gifts, your business will probably slow down for a few weeks during the holiday season. But, don't despair! There are many things you can do, to help market yourself and your business, especially during the holidays!
1. Give Your Gifts Away: In our area, there is an annual children's auction on our local radio station. They take in donations from area businesses and auction them off, and all of the money goes towards buying gifts for children from disadvantaged homes. Last year, not only did I personally give away items, but some of my clients did, too! This is a great way to get your name heard on the radio and in the newspaper, while offering something to those who do not have it.
2. Holiday Cards: Do not let an opportunity to share your business card pass you by! All year long, I keep an on-going database of clients and contacts, organized and alphabetized. This system sure comes in handy when I am ready to send holiday greetings! Including something personal, such as a photo or hand-written message makes a huge impact on your recipients. I also throw in the business cards, just in case my pals need to have an extra one hanging around!
3. Smile: Have you noticed how much more attention you bring to yourself if you smile, compared to if you don't? I am one of those who truly dislikes holiday crowds, and sometimes, even going to the grocery store (with four kids in tow) is more than I can handle. But, during the holidays, the kids and I stop just before we get out of the car, and we share a song and a joke! This puts us in a much more jolly mood for the tasks at hand, and the crowds in the stores move aside when a smiling mom with four caroling kids comes cruising through the aisles! I cannot tell you how many conversations have been started just from our jolly selves!
4. Set Up an Auto-Response Message: All throughout the year, I make it a point to answer my emails within 24 hours of receiving them, and folks really like that (and they get used to it). Unfortunately, during the holiday season, I sometimes have a difficult time answering everyone when they expect me to. So, I set up an auto-response message, that lets folks know that I have received their message and will respond within 48 hours (instead of my usual 24 hours). I also include a holiday greeting for best wishes, just to make sure folks remember that a mom's life is busy, without adding the work-at-home aspects!
5. Offer to donate a portion of your sales to a charity: I just ran across HolidayHope.com, which is a new website this year. All of the merchants who offer their products are also offering to donate a portion of the proceeds to a worthy cause. So, you not only get an audience that you've probably not reached before, but you also get to share some of your profits with those who need it!
In essence, the holidays remind us that there's more to life than what we see in our own surroundings. It is also a time for home-based working moms to take a little extra time to focus on their families, and to enjoy the reason that we work from home. But, you do not have to shut down during the holidays. Instead, think of others and think of how your generosity can help both your business AND those in need. It will make a huge difference ... even if the difference is in your heart!


Jacky was employed by Rover at Longbridge, initially in administration but was soon organising exhibitions for Rover and Landrover at motor shows both in the UK and around the world. She regaled us with her tales while working at Motor Shows in Belfast during the troubled years, the awareness of not standing out as being British, the armed soldiers on the streets and of running an exhibition after being informed of a bomb scare.
She was involved with Classic Car Shows in Germany, the Institute of Directors Show in London and whenever a new car was launched, an exhibition had to be organised. She chose the uniforms for the promotional "girls", hats (being Jackie's trade mark) were always part of the uniform. She trained them so that they knew all about the technical details of the cars, were informed and able to discuss the cars in a professional manner.
In 1991, Jacky set out with her team to Iran, although Jacky was conservatively dressed, she was taken on a "shopping spree" and was soon sporting the obligatory black Abaya and Shayla. The windows of her 10th floor room were riddled with bullet holes, she was struck by the poverty, the vast difference between the "haves and the have nots." The locals were friendly but really only communicated with the men on the team. She visited a mosque, the market, the deposed Shah's palace with it's wall to wall silk carpets, jade statues and among them a statue of the Shah that had been cropped off at the knees.
The organisation of the exhibition was not without it's difficulties, six days were spent building the ramps and stands but the cars were only released by customs the night before the exhibition. She recalled how two members of the Hezbollah who had walked into the initial meeting, disregarded Jacky, speaking only to the rest of the group through an interpreter, had walked up to her on the day of the exhibition and congratulated her for her hard work and the success of the event, in perfect English!
Jacky said that it was a sad day when Rover stopped making the Metro and despite organising the £1800000 International Motor Show, she still considers her work in Iran as being the most exciting thing she has ever done.
As a woman she had to earn her spurs in a man's world and be accepted and she was able to do this by always being fair.
Jacky is a member of the Snitterfield WI, our Vice President and lives in Snitterfield.