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New Woodburn Community School
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No Room at the Green Inn, Part Two
October 12, 2010 — newcommunityschool
MON SCHOOLS AND THE WV SBA FAIL TO INFORM THE PUBLIC THAT THE GREEN SCHOOL WOULD BE OVERCROWDED FROM THE START
On Mon Schools' green school grant application to the WV School Building Authority (SBA Director Mark Manchin, the appointed cousin of SBA President Joe Manchin), under the section titled, "ADEQUATE SPACE FOR PROJECTED STUDENT ENROLLMENT," Mon Schools states:
"There is adequate space for enrollment projections. Once this facility [green school] is completed [Fall 2012], redistricting will occur in the North and Cheat Lake Elementary areas due to overcrowding."
First, as we have noted, contrary to the assertion above, which it takes an investigative research project to discover, Mon Schools continues to deny in public, either brazenly or ignorantly, that redistricting is "on the table" and connected to the green school.
Second, there is not "adequate space" in the Easton/Woodburn consolidated green school for the projected combined enrollments of Easton Elementary and Woodburn Elementary if the school is to be built for 450 students, which the grant is written for and which Mon Schools insists it "will be built to house." Even before this fall's boom in elementary school enrollment in Morgantown, the combined projected enrollment of Easton and Woodburn for 2012, the year the consolidated green school is to open, is 103 percent of green school capacity, with enrollment projected to climb nearly every year thereafter, again even before the recent enrollment boom, which was in all likelihood brought on by the ongoing hard economic times, as people flock to the city and fewer families can afford private school.
Mon Schools even includes the following chart in its summer request to the state Board of Education for two amendments to its Comprehensive Educational Facilities Plan (one amendment to close Woodburn and Easton schools and the other amendment to build the new consolidated green school ostensibly for the Woodburn and Easton student bodies):
Design Capacity
Current Enrollment
Current Utilization
Newly Constructed Facility [green school]
Estimated 450
(as per projected
That's right, Mon Schools lists the current Easton and Woodburn schools' seating capacity as 550 (even though in the 2010 CEFP the combined seating capacity is listed as 482 (211 Easton, 271 Woodburn). Regardless of which figure one might believe, the new green school would slash seating capacity below both current capacity and projected enrollment.
Also included in Mon Schools request to the state board for the two amendments, subsequently approved, is this statement:
"The newly constructed facility is projected to be open beginning with the 2012-2013 school year with a Pre-K – grade 5 configuration housing approximately 464 students."
An accompanying chart shows projected student enrollment growing through 2020, the last year of the chart, to 486 students (again, projected before this fall's enrollment boom).
(Meanwhile, neighboring North Elementary (through grade 5) operated last year overcapacity as did its neighbor and feeder Suncrest Primary (through grade 3). Woodburn Elementary's neighboring school Mountainview operated last year at 95 percent of capacity, and Woodburn's other neighboring school Brookhaven operated near capacity and was slated for a large addition.)
So while the public has been maintaining that the school district intends to expand the green school and that it will not be a small school, and while there is every bit of evidence to conclude this, Mon Schools keeps maintaining that the new green school will "still be a small school" and that "Superintendent Devono [is] stating none [no expansion] is planned at this time." The latter despite the school's architect stating in email to Superintendent Devono weeks earlier that:
"the SBA school…to meet your needs it's really about 65,000 square feet and as discussed last week we may approach a 70,000 square foot building with adequate space and expansion."
The number of students recommended or required by state policy for a school that large is about 650 or 700 or more students. So here we see that large and ever larger school "needs" are clearly being planned for. [Update: By spring of 2013, after years of Mon Schools' saying publicly that the green school would encompass about 50,000 square feet, the school was completed – as we basically predicted and as internal documents indicated – at over 71,000 square feet, while the number of students enrolled was greater than 450. Less than a year later, by the end of 2013, on campus enrollment had reached 520 students, with total school enrollment at 555 (two pre-school classes are housed at an off-site facility). By spring of 2014, the BOE announced a six classroom/150 student expansion of Eastwood to bring the total enrollment to 670 students, at the least. By late summer 2014, ground had been broken on the expansion. "It will still be a small school with 450 students," the BOE had promised scant years before. No one believed them then, and we and they have subsequently and repeatedly shown how and why the BOE is directed by professional liars.]***
As we also reported earlier, in an email obtained by a Freedom of Information Act request, we learn that in a 10/14/2009 email from WVU Director of Real Estate Services, Shannon Mundell, to WVU Vice President of Administration and Finance, Narvel Weese, that Mundell states in regard to the green school:
"Had a brief discussion with Mr. Devono regarding WVU's property near and around the Mileground. He [Devono] is needing approximately 8-10 acres (10 preferred for bus turnaround).
That's 1-3 acres more than is stipulated by the SBA for a school of 450 students.
"He was originally looking at the area across from Damon's [1 mile down route 705, deep into North Elementary's catchment and not far from North Elementary or Suncrest Primary], but as that is our sacred American Chestnut area, he is open to suggestions. Also, with school starting prior to 8:30, the Mileground area is another viable option (maybe behind Armory?).
"Confidentially, the overflow from North [elementary] and [the entire student body of] Woodburn elementary will be placed in this school. Mr. Devono is also planning for this school to be LEED certified [i.e., green]."
In public, to the public, as we have documented in detail, the Mon School Board and the Superintendent tell a different story.
To the public, Superintendent Devono states:
"I am not recommending any attendance area from North being included into the new [green] school."
To the public, Mon school board President Barbara Parsons:
"…no redistricting and we have vigorously maintained that position … no discussion, whatsoever, regarding any changes to North Elementary attendance area and the new school. …we said there would be no redistricting and we have vigorously maintained that position. … Any future consideration of redistricting will be at the initiative of the public."
To the WV School Building Authority:
"Once this facility [green school] is completed [Fall 2012], redistricting will occur in the North and Cheat Lake Elementary areas due to overcrowding."
And apparently to WVU Director Mundell (in Mundell's words):
"Confidentially, the overflow from North [elementary] and [the entire student body of] Woodburn elementary will be placed in this school."
So there are two stories being told here by Mon Schools, a confidential story and a public story. And the confidential story, we have learned through FOIA requests and other investigations, systematically contradicts the public story. Whether purposefully or unwittingly constructed and conveyed, the nature of these contradictory patterns of information is unlawful. One learns one thing confidentially, and the opposite thing publicly, in violation of the public's right to know, which is enshrined in WV Code and the WV Constitution. No public agency has the right to unwittingly or purposefully deceive the public. Public agencies have a legal mandate to do the opposite, to inform. One cannot inform by deception, whether unwitting or otherwise.
The right-to-know violations are as apparent as the hazardous site violations. The green school site at the 705/119 intersection is as wrongful as the green school siting process. And both would continue all-too-familiar patterns in Monongalia County School District.
Two new well-sited modest sized elementary schools are badly needed in Monongalia County, not a terribly sited large one.
***Additional Update: Notice that in a number of these 2010 posts, we proved (more than predicted, we proved) that Superintendent Devono and architect Shriver were actively and in writing planning (contrary to Devono's public statements of "no plans" to expand, let alone stated expectations) to build a school of about 70,000 square feet, and then the Monongalia County BOE built Eastwood that opened in spring 2012 at over 71,000 square feet.
Prior to opening day, the BOE also never corrected the approximately 50,000 square foot figure for the school size that they released to the media, the figure that was repeatedly used and reported until – without explanation or comment – Eastwood opened 20,000 feet bigger.
The first official full year second month enrollment of Eastwood (as recorded by the WV Department of Education) was 555 (520 on campus). Until the day it opened in spring 2012, the school capacity was stated by the Monongalia County BOE to be 450. Again, there was no explanation or comment from the BOE nor from the media on the fact that Eastwood opened over the ostensible capacity of 450 on the very first day it opened in spring 2012, let alone comment on the increased enrollment in the fall of Eastwood's first full year.
Also notice we pointed out that WV School Building Authority guidelines call for placing between 650 and 700 students in a 70,000 square foot school. No surprise then that after 1 full year of operation, the Monongalia County BOE is adding to Eastwood Elementary a few thousand square feet to have a school totaling about 75,000 square feet with a student body capacity of about 670 students, or more.
No one was surprised that the officials of the Monongalia County BOE were lying to them. And no one can be now. The proof has long since been public.
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Интернирование японцев в Первой мировой войне — насильственное перемещение японцев в странах Центральных Держав (Германская империя, Австро-Венгрия) в лагеря, тюрьмы и иные места заключения во время Первой мировой войны. Интернированию подверглось небольшое число японцев — большая часть покинула враждебные им страны после объявления войны. Но немногие, кто решили остаться, столкнулись с ограничениями в правах и свободах, расизмом и другими проблемами.

Германия

Предыстория
До лета 1914 года отношения между Японией и Германией были дружественными и уважительными: Германия была вторым по популярности европейским направлением для японцев после Англии (разница составляла около десяти процентов), но в Германии было самое большое количество студентов (374 по сравнению с 83 в Англии). Когда началась война, мало кто из немцев и японцев предполагал, что они станут врагами. На момент начала войны в Германии находилось около 600 японцев (согласно другому мнению около 500). До войны интернирование японцев даже не рассматривалась как возможность.

28 июля 1914 года началась Первая мировая война с объявления Австро-Венгрией войны Сербии. Напряжение в Европе нарастало с момента убийства эрцгерцога Франца Фердинанда в Сараево, но мало кто предполагал, что это приведёт к мировой войне. Даже если война считалась возможной, мало кто мог предвидеть, что в конфликт будет втянута Япония, у которой были хорошие отношения с Германией и Австро-Венгрией. Поэтому лишь немногие японцы покинули эти две страны с началом войны.

После того как 2 августа Россия объявила войну Германии, в Германии стали распространяться слухи неясного происхождения о том, что Япония попытается напасть на Россию с тыла. Немецкое население поверило в эти слухи, что привело к доброжелательному отношению к японцам. В тот же вечер перед японским посольством в Берлине собралась многотысячная толпа, крича «Банзай!» Такой восторженный энтузиазм продолжался некоторое время, причём некоторых японцев даже обнимали и целовали совершенно незнакомые люди. Этот странный «японский бум» мог быть вызван множеством причин.

У немецкого народа всё ещё оставались яркие впечатления от русско-японской войны. Некоторые могли предположить, что японцы будут стремиться вернуть долг, который они задолжали Германии за значительную помощь, оказанную страной в процессе модернизации Японии. Стремясь заполучить как можно больше союзников, они могли даже находиться под влиянием своеобразного самовнушения. Однако, когда 4 августа в войну вступила Великобритания, немецкие интеллектуалы начали беспокоиться, что Япония вступит в войну на основе англо-японского союза. Некоторые японцы, проживающие в Германии, оказались в тяжёлом экономическом положении, когда система денежных переводов из-за рубежа перестала работать.

Более того, по всей Германии начала распространяться атмосфера войны, когда полиция начала арестовывать российских и французских граждан как «вражеских иностранцев». Фунакоси Мицунодзё, исполняющий обязанности посла в берлинском посольстве, отреагировал на ситуацию 7 августа, приняв решение об эвакуации японских граждан, проживающих в Германии. Многие студенты по обмену хотели продолжить учебу, но поскольку общее отношение к японцам неуклонно ухудшалось, посольство торопилось их эвакуировать.

15 августа 1914 года Япония предъявила ультиматум германскому правительству, пользуясь своим союзом с Великобританией. Германское правительство не ответило, и 23 августа Япония вступила в войну против Германии. После ультиматума отношение Германии к японцам начало меняться. К японцам, которые до этого момента считались дружелюбными гостями, постепенно стали относиться настороженно, а затем их обвинили во вступлении Японии в войну.

Большинство японцев получили совет покинуть Германию из японского посольства. Однако некоторые люди, жившие за пределами Берлина, не могли решить, стоит ли им уезжать и каким путём, поскольку не располагали достаточной информацией. Другие решили рискнуть и остаться в Германии, чтобы закончить учёбу или рассчитывать на то, что война не будет долгой. Около 40 японских офицеров покинули Германию и Австрию.

Многие студенты по обмену хотели продолжить учёбу, но поскольку общее отношение к японцам неуклонно ухудшалось, посольство торопилось их эвакуировать. К 20 августа многие японцы спешно покинули страну, большинство из них эмигрировали через нейтральные Нидерланды в Великобританию. Каваками Хадзимэ, доцент экономики в Киотском университете, который в то время учился в Берлине, позже назовёт эту напряжённую сцену побега «ночным бегством из Берлина».

Интернирование гражданских граждан вражеских стран является явлением, наблюдаемым во всех воюющих странах, затронутых иногда страхом перед шпионской деятельностью. Это одна из характеристик «тотальной войны», которая мобилизует всю нацию на военные действия и таким образом делает всех представителей противоборствующих наций потенциальными врагами, без различия между гражданскими лицами и солдатами.

Интернирование
20 августа немецкие власти начинают арестовывать японцев и помещать их в лагеря для интернированных или военнопленных, а также в тюрьмы. Большинство японцев покинули страну до этой даты, но 126 граждан в Германии (число, зарегистрированное Министерством иностранных дел Японии, однако реальная цифра может быть больше, так как другие источники указывают на то, что министерство не знало обо всех интернированных японцах) будут интернированы. Максимальная продолжительность интернирования составляла 80 дней, но место, продолжительность и условия интернирования и освобождения были самыми разными.

Интернирование всех японских граждан проходило в один день, 20 августа, с 9 утра, что свидетельствует о хорошей организации немецких военных и полиции. Возможно, немецкое правительство изначально планировало разместить японцев в помещениях, которые были как можно лучше оборудованы. Но из-за неожиданно большого количества гражданских интернированных многих национальностей было трудно подготовить достаточно места, и их отправляли в самые разные места. Например, врача Уэмура Хисако и двоюродную сестру министра иностранных дел Японии Като Такааки восемьдесят дней содержали в тюрьме города Крефельд в Западной Германии. В Берлине четыре человека были интернированы в тюрьму, а затем отправлены в , который изначально был местом ипподрома. Некоторые японцы даже находились в лагерях для военнопленных. Полиция округа Бентгейм потребовала создания центрального «концентрационного лагеря» для решения этой проблемы.

Не было разделения на военных и гражданских лиц, мужчин, женщин и детей, стариков и больных — всех их насильно интернировали только за то, что они были японцами из-за страха перед шпионажем и преднамеренно надуманной «жёлтой опасностью».

Условия содержания
Японцы считались представителями вражеского государства, с ними обращались более сурово и наказывали их строже, чем других заключенных, по сравнению, например, с английскими и французскими гражданскими лицами в Германии. Такое отношение задумывалось немецкими властями как «расплата» за поведение Японии после длительного периода дружественных отношений во второй половине XIX века. В сравнении с обращением с немецкими гражданскими лицами и военнопленными в Японии, масштабы и тяжесть принудительных мер, которым подвергались японские гражданские лица в Германии, были более тяжёлыми.

Суровые условия были обычным явлением во время интернирования. Им разрешали гулять лишь короткое время в день, были ограничения на свободу общения, они спали в ужасных условиях, их принуждали к уборке комнат и туалетов, нередки были оскорбления и притеснения со стороны охранников. Самой распространенной жалобой была жалоба на плохое питание. Савада Ютака, странствующий исполнитель, который был интернирован в лагерь для военнопленных в небольшом городке Зольтау в Западной Германии, позже заявил, что его заставили заниматься принудительным трудом. Существует множество драматических человеческих историй, связанных интернированием японцев.

В помещениях для интернированных проживали представители разных национальностей, включая русских, британцев, французов и бельгийцев, которые помогали друг другу, чтобы выстоять в тяжелых условиях. Некоторые европейские интернированные, получившие вещи от своей семьи, отдавали их японцам, а другие были достаточно добры, чтобы показать японцам, как отправить письмо на волю, и получить газетные статьи о Японии. Некоторые немецкие охранники и полицейские относились к японцам с расовыми предрассудками и враждебностью, используя оскорбительные выражения и плохо обращаясь с ними. Но довольно много немцев сочувствовали японцам. Японским интернированным часто удавалось улучшить свои жилищные условия или наладить связь с внешним миром, давая деньги охранникам. Дружба и торг часто встречались даже в суровых местах интернирования.

Реакция японцев
Интернированные японцы часто рассматривали действия немецких властей и гнев общественности не только как выражение ненависти к врагу, но и как презрение белых к цветным расам. Расовый вопрос был навязчивой идеей и вызывал недовольство, разделяемое японцами того времени, особенно среди элиты. Ещё с начала века дискриминационные меры в отношении японцев в США и в британских доминионах вызывали озабоченность японской дипломатии. Кроме того, на Парижской мирной конференции Япония предложила включить в протокол Лиги Наций пункт о расовом равенстве, но это предложение было отклонено из-за противодействия некоторых участников переговоров.

Японцы осудили обращение с ними немецких властей, сравнивая немецкую политику со своей собственной — по их мнению, японские власти обращались уважительно с российскими военнопленными во время русско-японской войны, а также с немецкими и австро-венгерскими гражданскими и военными лицами, задержанными в нынешней войне. Они считали, что японцы были более «цивилизованными», чем «варварские» немцы. Они также критиковали западную цивилизацию, которая, в их глазах, более материалистична и поверхностна, чем японская или азиатская цивилизация, которая более духовна. Такие мнения были типичны для японской элиты того времени.

Поскольку японцев было не так много, они быстро познакомились друг с другом. Некоторые из них никогда не узнали бы друг друга, если бы не были интернированы. Например, врач Уэмура был интернирован вместе с путешествующим исполнителем. Отабэ Сёдзабуро, другой врач, интернированный в , военном лагере в Западной Германии, умолял охранника проявить милосердие к одному из своих товарищей по интернированию, японскому артисту, с которым плохо обращались другие охранники. В целом японские интернированные, похоже, разделяли чувство солидарности.

Состав интернированных
Их род занятий, возраст и место, где они были интернированы, были совершенно разными. Многие из них были рабочими японских компаний и членами их семей (всего 42 человека), гастролирующими артистами (27 человек), врачами (17 человек), профессорами (не включая врачей, 8 человек) и студентами по обмену (6 человек). В основном это были люди 20-30 лет. Местами их заключения были в основном крупные города, такие как Берлин, Франкфурт-на-Майне и Ганновер, но некоторые были задержаны в нынешних федеральных землях Нижняя Саксония на северо-западе или Северный Рейн-Вестфалия на западе Германии. Причина заключалась в том, что захваченные там люди направлялись в Нидерланды.

В списке интернированных, составленном японскими властями, такие профессии как «эстрадный артист», «артист цирка» или «акробат» составляют более пятую часть всего списка. Это связано с тем, что с конца периода Эдо многие японцы, представляющие такие профессии, уехали за границу вместе со студентами, высокопоставленными чиновниками и представителями компаний. Большинство из них не возвращались домой годами и десятилетиями. В 1914 году в Европе находилось несколько сотен артистов-исполнителей. Наиболее изученным является случай человека, который родился в Японии и был взят на воспитание, но в возрасте пяти лет был продан руководителю цирковой группы, который впоследствии отправился по Транссибирской магистрали в турне по Европе. За годы ученичества мальчик много раз подвергался насилию и травмам. В 1914 году он считал, что ему 21 год. Он плохо говорит по-японски и был неграмотен.

Среди них были и студенты, которые ещё учились в Германии в начале войны — Кацудзи Уэмура (учился в Тарандтской лесной академии) и Мондзи Ито (Тюбингенский университет). Оба были заключены в тюрьму в Дрездене летом 1914 года, причем Уэмура был интернирован как политический заключенный на несколько недель в крепость Кёнигштайн из-за своего офицерского звания. К концу 1914 года оба смогли покинуть Германию через Швейцарию и Америку и вскоре вернулись в Японию. Позже Уэмура стал директором сельскохозяйственной и лесной академии в Мориоке.

Опыт Уэмура Хисако
Уэмура Хисакиё был врачом, которого интернировали в Крефельде, недалеко от границы с Нидерландами. Он являлся двоюродным братом министра иностранных дел Като Такааки. 17 лет работал в муниципальной больнице после окончания медицинской школы Токийского императорского университета. Он с удовольствием воспользовался возможностью учиться за границей, сохранив при этом свою должность в больнице, и поэтому в октябре 1913 года начал учиться в лаборатории микробиологии Немецкого университета в Праге. Уэмура пробыл в Праге около полугода, когда началась Первая мировая война. Он выехал из Праги в Германию 8 августа, не предполагая, что эта война продлится долго. Он планировал посетить Фрайбург-им-Брайсгау, чтобы помочь в исследованиях Сакураи Исао, своему шурину, который учился во Фрайбургском университете. Сакурай Икудзиро, его тесть и известный акушер, управляющий большой больницей в Токио, попросил его приехать. Однако его ожидания оказались слишком оптимистичными. Ко дню его отъезда железнодорожное сообщение уже ухудшилось из-за необходимости перевозить солдат, и ему пришлось на неделю задержаться у границы с Германией. 14 августа его поезд отправился в путь, но из-за частых изменений маршрута и незапланированных остановок поезду потребовалось ещё два дня, чтобы прибыть в пункт назначения.

Вскоре Сакураи Икудзиро уже уехал из Фрайбурга в Берлин вместе со своими коллегами. Уэмура стал понимать, что ситуация резко изменилась, и, собрав информацию из газет и от японского почётного консула во Фрайбурге, он решил как можно скорее покинуть Германию. Он размышлял, куда направиться — в Нидерланды или Швейцарию, решил выбрать первый вариант и покинул Фрайбург 18 августа. Железнодорожное сообщение продолжало ухудшаться. Поезд, на котором ехал Уэмура, сильно задерживался, делая незапланированные остановки на всех станциях. Поскольку отношение немцев к Японии становилось всё более враждебным, ему часто говорили: «Вы наш враг», «Японцы забыли нашу благосклонность».

Несмотря на это, он продолжал своё путешествие, пересаживаясь на поезда, которые останавливались в Гейдельберге и Кёльне. 20 августа Уэмура прибыл в Крефельд, город, расположенный в 30 километрах от границы с Нидерландами. Оттуда, однако, он не мог ехать дальше, так как в то утро немецкое правительство начало задерживать японцев по всей Германии. Уэмура жаловался, что хотел продолжить путешествие, несмотря на оскорбления и угрозы, но всё было тщетно. У него конфисковали большую часть вещей и поместили в тюрьму рядом с полицейским участком. Уэмура был интернирован в Крефельде примерно на 80 дней.

Его не принуждали к труду и не подвергали жестокому обращению, но уровень жизни там был не высокий. В тюрьме также содержались люди из других «вражеских стран», таких как Франция, Бельгия и Великобритания, а также враждебные правительству немцы, принадлежавшие к левым партиям. Их профессии были самыми разными: от техника до моряка, учителя и торговца. Уэмура разговаривал с ними на немецком языке об условиях и будущем, и они поддерживали друг друга. Его уважали и называли «Доктор». Один охранник относился к Уэмуре немного лучше, чем к другим интернированным. По-видимому, отчасти потому, что доктор иногда делал ему подарки, например носовой платок или другой небольшой предмет. Вероятно, он нравился охраннику, поскольку позже ему подарили на память фотографию семьи охранника. Собирая информацию от своих товарищей по лагерю и консультируясь с охранником, Уэмура иногда писал в посольства и консульства Японии в нейтральных странах Европы. Одно из писем, а также телеграмма, отправленные Каты, дошли до японского посольства в Италии и сыграли решающую роль в его освобождении.

За всё время он находился в тюрьме восемьдесят дней. Освобождённый 6 ноября, он отправился в Швейцарию, где продолжил учёбу в Цюрихе до ноября 1916 года, прежде чем вернуться в Японию в конце того же года.

Ближе к концу своей жизни он написал «Рассказ об интернировании в Германии», который даёт очень конкретные и подробные описания жизни японцев в Германии в тот период. По-видимому, данное произведение является соединением заметок, сделанных во время интернирования, частей, написанных сразу после его освобождения, а также других фрагментов, написанных десятилетия спустя. Его записи были сохранены его потомками.

В своём рассказе он разделяет с другими японскими интернированными те же физические и психологические страдания. В начале интернирования Уэмура всерьёз опасался, что не выживет из-за особо суровых условий. Он познакомился с людьми разных национальностей и происхождения во время интернирования. Уэмура Хисако значительно разочаровался в немцах, веря в духовное превосходство японцев над западными людьми.

Позиция японского правительства
Министерство иностранных дел Японии получило многочисленные запросы от родственников о тех, кто после начала войны всё ещё проживал в Германии. Многие газеты в Японии сообщали, что более половины из них спаслись бегством, называя имена многих из них. Некоторые, например, «» от 20 августа 1914 года, сенсационно сообщили, что немцы жестоко обращаются с японцами, и критиковали их за интернирование даже студентов, создавая впечатление, что жестокое обращение было более распространено, чем это было на самом деле. Японское правительство выразило яростный протест германскому правительству через Соединенные Штаты, настаивая на том, что интернирование до объявления войны противоречит международному праву. Более того, оно потребовало, чтобы был составлен список интернированных и чтобы они были освобождены и получили свободу передвижения, как и немцы, проживающие в Японии. Германское правительство заявило, что у него не было другого выбора, кроме как интернировать их для их же безопасности, и отказало японцам в их просьбе, однако 2 октября 1914 года оно передало через Соединенные Штаты неполный список 44 интернированных японцев. Через два дня интернированных начали освобождать.

Тем не менее, хотя интернированных в окрестностях Берлина начали освобождать, ситуация с японцами, которые, как считалось, были интернированы в сельской местности, еще не была известна. Като Такааки, министр иностранных дел Японии, продолжал требовать от немецкого правительства освобождения всех японских интернированных. Он также обратился к США, Великобритании, Италии и Швейцарии с запросом о безопасности и местонахождении всех освобожденных интернированных. Кроме того, он отправил множество частных телеграмм, чтобы подтвердить местонахождение и перевести деньги своему двоюродному брату Уэмуре. Немецкому правительству потребовалось время, чтобы дать указания местным властям освободить японских интернированных, но Министерство иностранных дел Японии подтвердило, что 49 интернированных были освобождены с 6 октября по 4 ноября, а 14 человек с 5 ноября по 5 декабря. Оставшиеся лица были освобождены к концу 1914 года.

Депортация
Таким образом, интернирование японцев в Германии продолжалось недолго. После освобождения они были депортированы через нейтральную Швейцарию. Эта была единственная страна, через которую им разрешили покинуть Германию. Многие из них, по-видимому, покинули страну из Линдау в Роршах, через Боденское озеро. Однако у некоторых возникли трудности с въездом в Швейцарию, так как им требовалась определенная сумма денег, чтобы получить разрешение на въезд от швейцарского правительства. Эти люди, по-видимому, обращались за финансовой поддержкой в американское посольство в Берлине, если у них не было достаточно денег.

Однако имущество, конфискованное у японцев не было возвращено, и даже после окончания войны они получили компенсацию лишь в нескольких случаях. В целом, обращение с японцами показывает, что политика немецкого руководства в отношении представителей вражеских государств была реакционной, особенно в первые месяцы войны.

Влияние
После Первой мировой войны были случаи, когда японские офицеры, выучившие только немецкий язык, отправлялись учиться во Францию. Однако даже после войны среди японской армии сохранялись симпатии к немецкой армии, которая служила образцом. Несмотря на то, что отправка иностранных студентов была прекращена, восхищение культурой немецкой армии сохранилось в японской армии. Война прервала процесс знакомства японских студентов с немецкой культурой и нанесла тяжелый удар по японской армии, и, возможно, породила интерес к другим странам, на которые они могли бы положиться в плане знакомства с новыми технологиями.

Австро-Венгрия

Предыстория
По состоянию на начало августа жители Австро-Венгрии не причиняли вреда японцам, и их безопасности ничего не угрожало. Среди населения широко распространялись предположения, что Япония поддержит Германию и Австро-Венгрию в войне против России. В Австрии при виде японца, обедающего в ресторане, местные жители кричали «Банзай Япония». Однако доброжелательное отношение к японцам сошло на нет после японского ультиматума.

Хотя были инструкции от японского правительства относительно дипломатического обращения, но телеграф так и не дошел до них. Новость о том, что Япония перешла на сторону Антанты, население узнало из газет: немецкое правительство опубликовало японский ультиматум в Берлине 19 августа, и австрийские газеты перепечатали его 20 августа, так что даже на дипломатическом уровне не было никаких предварительных консультаций.

В Австрии японцам советовали вернуться на родину или переехать в Швейцарию или Францию, говоря, что хотя им не угрожает опасность, для них было бы удобнее отправлять свои деньги на родину.

Интернирование
После японского ультиматума посольство Японии в Австрии прекратило свою работу. С уходом сотрудников посольства интересы Японии в Австрии представляли США, поэтому переговоры об исчезновении и освобождении гражданских лиц, интернированных в Австрии, велись через американское посольство. Помимо иностранных студентов в Австро-Венгрии до Первой мировой войны, которые приезжали туда для изучения наук и искусства, были и те, кто имел работу и жил со своими семьями. Информация о тех, кто учился за государственный счет, была запрошена японским министерством образования, и их безопасность была подтверждена — они эмигрировали из Австрии и находились в безопасности.

Через посольство США было установлено, что несколько японских граждан были интернированы в Австро-Венгрии: В Венгрии были интернировано шесть японцев: Ватанабэ Масаёси, его жена, Нагата Сампэй, его жена и ребенок, и Акаиси Ко. Они работали и жили в Венгрии и, возможно, не имели желания покидать страну. В Австрии были интернированы два человека, Айсабуро Кидо и Кэйсукэ Фудзии.

Айсабуро Кидо учился в Германии, но по разным причинам переехал в Вену, чтобы улучшить свои знания немецкого языка. Фудзии был буддийским монахом, который уже получил степень бакалавра в Японии и остался в Австро-Венгрии, чтобы продолжить изучение философии религии. Они были задержаны по месту их проживания в то время: Кидо — в Вене, а Фудзии — в Бишофсхофене. В то время как интернирование японцев в Германии длилось до 80 дней, в Австро-Венгрии оно продолжалось до 200 дней и более, с начала войны до 15 марта 1915 года, когда эти два человека были освобождены при посредничестве американского посольства.

По отношению к японцам совершались насильственные действия — на японцев кричали и кидали камни. Эти действия происходили как до их ареста, так происходили в лагерях и повторялись при переводе в лагеря. Например, в лагере Дрозендорф боснийских солдат, которые выполняли функции часовых, иногда избивали и пинали во время работы, отчасти потому, что они не понимали языка. Начальник лагеря обвинил в этом японцев: «вы, неблагодарные японцы, почему вы настраиваете своих солдат против немцев, вы, презренная раса?». Этот момент демонстрирует как национальное самосознание, обострившееся во время тотальной войны, проявилось в виде сильной враждебности к вражеской нации.

Опыт Айсабуро Кидо
Примерно с 24 августа местное население стало относиться к нему враждебно, он подвергался преследованиям в кафе и ресторанах, где ему отказывали в еде и напитках, потому что он был японцем. Как он писал «даже учителя, которые жали мне руку две недели назад, кричали на меня с железными кулаками, другие люди кричали "бей японцев, бей японцев"». Однажды его окружили около 50 человек, говоря в его адрес враждебные замечания, такие как «бей вон того желтого, не дай ему вернуться живым». Поскольку такие оскорбительные высказывания в адрес японцев стали обычным делом, Кидо также решил покинуть Австрию, планируя отправиться в Швейцарию вечером 26 августа, уже оформив билет и собрав свой багаж. Однако утром 26 августа его задержала полицию, обвинив в шпионаже и отправив в . На следующий день его перевели в .

Кидо прибыл в Дрозендорф 6 сентября, всего через два дня после открытия лагеря, и он не был оборудован никакими удобствами, Кидо писал: «Здесь нет ни уборных, ни кухонь, словом, никакого человеческого жилья. Одним словом, это было не место для проживания людей. Когда нам сказали, что нас задержат в этом ужасном, мрачном зернохранилище, мы были очень разочарованы и обескуражены». Истощение и антисанитарные условия жизни способствовали тому, что Кидо заболел, и осенью 1914 года его перевели в лагерь Гроссау, так как в лагере Дрозендорф не было госпиталя. После чего он был переведён в Кирхберг, где был освобожден.

Во время интернирования он неоднократно получал информацию, что с японцами обращались недоброжелательно, и охрана говорила остальным, что с японцами не следует разговаривать. И поэтому, в противовес критике, он восхвалял Японию и действия японцев и гордился ими как своими собственными: «В Германии и Австрии японцам пришлось испытать трудности, но мне было очень приятно прочитать в австрийских газетах, что мое правительство очень благосклонно относится к австро-германским военнопленным. Изящное стремление японского народа отплатить за месть благодарностью сегодня признано во всем мире. Я представляю, что читатели "Фукуока Ничиничи", которых я очень уважаю, также выразили бы щедрое и благородное расположение к бывшему губернатору Цзяо-Чжоу Альфреду Майер-Вальдеку и его солдатам в Фукуоке, и я испытываю чувство гордости» — так он охарактеризовал свой опыт содержания под стражей, который длился более 200 дней.

После войны Айсабуро Кидо опубликовал статью «Вспоминая время австрийского заключения».

Интернирование японского экипажа «Хитати-мару»

Японское судно Хитати-мару было захвачено немецким вооруженным рейдером  к югу от Мальдивских островов 26 сентября 1917 года. На борту Хитати-мару находилось большое количество пассажиров, в том числе много женщин. Перед тем, как сдаться, 14 членов экипажа были убиты и еще шестеро ранены. Около 100 членов экипажа японского судна были интернированы, после чего некоторые из интернированных содержались как военнопленные на территории Германии.

Интернирование других азиатских национальностей
Кроме того, в Германии были задержаны 860 гражданских лиц из Южной Азии. Из них индийцы составляли самую большую группу. В отличие от этого, статус корейцев, чьи земли были аннексированы Японией в 1910 году, с трудом прояснялся местными властями в различных землях Германии.

Историография
В японских научных исследованиях, и в коллективной памяти Первая мировая война не является «Великой войной» для Японии. Но в последние годы, в соответствии с международной тенденцией, развиваются японские исторические исследования данной войны. В 2007 году в институте гуманитарных наук Киотского университета была создана исследовательская группа, чья редакционная деятельность способствует росту и распространению новых знаний о Японии в Первой мировой войне, хотя историки активны и вне этой группы.

Вопрос интернирования японского гражданского населения в военное время широко изучался на примере японцев в США, Австралии, Новой Зеландии во время Второй мировой войны, а также на примере иностранного населения вражеских стран, находившемся в Японии во время этого конфликта. Касательно Первой мировой войны, то наиболее подробно изучена судьба немецких и австро-венгерских военнопленных, содержавшихся в Японии. Напротив, судьба японского населения в Германии менее исследована в эти года, о положении японцев в Европе упоминалось мало. Положение японского населения во враждебных им странах в Первой мировой войне ещё предстоит более подробно изучить.

См. также

 Интернирование японцев в США
 Интернирование японцев в Канаде

Литература

Дополнительная литература

Примечания

Япония в Первой мировой войне
Национальная политика
Германско-японские отношения
Американо-японские отношения
Германия в Первой мировой войне
Австро-Венгрия в Первой мировой войне
Японцы
Дискриминация в Германии

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Blithe Spirit was a smash comedy hit on the London and Broadway stages. This hilarious farce is about fussy cantankerous novelist, Charles Condomine who has remarried but is literally haunted by the ghost of his first wife, Elvira. Elvira has been called up by a visiting "kooky medium," Madame Arcati. and laugh a minute pandemonium ensues.
A sophisticated and urbane novelist who is dabbling in spiritualism to use it as a subject for a book.
Charles's second wife. Ruth is witty and sophisticated but also a bit stuffy and predictable.
The ghost of Charles's first wife. She is spirited, outgoing, wild and jealous of Ruth.
Pretty much known as the local eccentric, she considers herself a spiritualist and a medium.
A good friend of the Condomines who is invited to dinner and a seance, skeptical of anything to do with the occult.
Simple and naive, she is excited about being in the presence of a medium.
The Condomines' new maid. She is nervous and tears around at breakneck speed trying to do things right.
Watch the Audition page for audition details.


I can not help but be disappointed in Kirsten Fischer's Suspect Relations. It is not that I disagree with her argument that the regulation of sexuality and the body, especially women's bodies and sexuality, are central to the construction of race. In a way, Fischer's book is the methodology and argument of Kathleen Brown's Good Wives, Nasty Wenches, and Anxious Patriarchs but applied to North Carolina, instead of Virginia. The problem, to me at least, is not her framework but with her evidence.
There is simply not enough of it for North Carolina. Too many of her discussions of the construction of race and gender drift from her evidential base in North Carolina and into Virginia and South Carolina. While this is sometimes appropriate given the ties between the three colonies, too often too many of her arguments are clinched by evidence not from North Carolina – the titular state of the book. Too much of her evidence is already discussed (more thoroughly) in Brown's book. Some of this is surely because of a lack of surviving evidence for North Carolina, a fact that she should be more forthcoming about and not paper over with evidence from other colonies.
Fischer has a clear mastery of the secondary literature of gender, race, and class in the colonial South and England. What would normally be a great strength for a book is actually a big weakness for Fischer's. Because of her lack of evidence, too much of the book relies on secondary sources to make her argument for her – which greatly weakens the appeal of the book. What really is the problem with Suspect Relations is that it brings very little that's new to the table. Which is a big disappointment.


text:
Corilla  è un genere di molluschi gasteropodi polmonati terrestri. È l'unico genere noto della famiglia Corillidae .

Distribuzione e habitat
Il genere è endemico di Sri Lanka e della regione indiana dei Ghati occidentali.

Tassonomia
Il genere comprende le seguenti specie:
 Corilla adamsi ()
 Corilla anax ()
 Corilla beddomeae ()
 Corilla carabinata ()
 Corilla colletti
 Corilla erronea ()
 Corilla fryae
 Corilla gudei
 Corilla humberti ()
 Corilla lesleyae
 Corilla odontophora ()
 Corilla rivolii ()

Note

Altri progetti

Corillidae


text:
Home > News > Industry News > White House adviser outlines Obama's green investments during Greenbuild
White House adviser outlines Obama's green investments during Greenbuild
Post Time:Nov 16,2009Classify:Industry NewsView:112
Nancy Sutley, chair for council on environmental quality for the White House and President Obama's principal environmental adviser, provided an update on the President's achievements in changing energy and environmental policies since he took office, and outlined future plans during the closing plenary for the 2009 Greenbuild International Conference and Expo, Nov. 13, in Phoenix.One of the major contributions of the president to the green movement has been the money allocated for green technology in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. Sutley called the $80 billion allocated in ARRA a "down payment" on President Obama's investment in a green future. Additionally, the president has taken steps to establish higher fuel efficiency standards. In May, he increased theCorporate Average Fuel Economy standards to a unified national standard of 35.5 miles per gallon by 2016. The president also created a new energy research center with China, worked with other world leaders to end subsidies on fossil fuels, and, with Japan's president, has "renewed the commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions," Sutley said. The White House also called for improved efficiency of the federal government. "We're looking at the way the federal government operates, as it's thesingle largest energy user in the United States. The federal government has more than 3 million civilian and military personnel andoccupies 500,000 buildings," Sutley said. On Oct. 5, the president signed an agreement requiring all federal agencies to "lead by example by putting our size and scale to work to save energy and reduce greenhouse gas pollution," she said. In addition to outlining President Obama's green investments, Sutley applauded the efforts of the thousands of green building players in attendance. "You, in this room, are at the forefront of this effort, helping to build a clean energy economy," she said. "You are showing communities, colleagues, competitors that it can be done well, even in challenging economic times."Buildings consume 40 percent[of total energy used in the United States], and, plain and simple, buildings last a long time. We need to build them more environmentally and socially responsibly for the economy, workforce and generations to come. We know this is possible in new buildings and existing buildings, and we can create jobs while we're doing it," Sutley said.
Source: http://www.glassmagazine.com/news-item/commercial/white-house-adviser-outlines-obama%E2%80%99s-green-investments-during-greenbuildAuthor:
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When we grow weary from running the race, we must not allow ourselves to fall from the path. Rather, by God's grace we must strengthen ourselves so that we may keep running.
In today's passage, the author continues his exhortations by again using the metaphor of the Christian life as a race to be run. He calls us not to allow ourselves to be forever slowed down by trials but rather to "strengthen" our weak knees and "make straight paths" for our feet (vv. 12–13). When we grow weary from running the race, we must not stop and rest or allow ourselves to fall from the path. Rather, by God's grace we must strengthen ourselves so that we may keep running. Ultimately, any strength we have comes from Jesus, and it is Him we must first seek if we want to finish the race.


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text:
How Jonathan and David's Love Story Challenges Homophobia
Mar 05, 2020 by Dr. Robert N. Minor in The Bible
According to what we're told in the Hebrew Bible (the Christian "Old Testament"), Jonathan, a king's son, loved a man who would become a more famous king, David — and David in turn loved Jonathan. No matter the actual history behind the story, what we're presented with in the Bible is a tale of two manly military heroes who participated in a loving same-sex relationship.
The details of their relationship, the kind of relationship celebrated in legends around the world, are found in the book of 1 Samuel. And discussion of the nature of their relationship has continually intrigued scholars while nudging any homophobia in the air.
What we're told in this portrayal of the two is that Jonathan was a veteran warrior older than David, and that as a prince he had a rocky relationship with his own father, Saul, then king of Israel. Father/son confrontations include Jonathan standing up against his father to protect David, helping David escape his father's threats to kill David (1 Samuel 20:30-31), and pleading with his father to be kind to David's family.
Saul is portrayed as believing that David was a threat to him and his reign because of his close relationship with Jonathan. As David tells Jonathan:
Your father knows very well that I have found favor in your eye. (1 Samuel 20:3)
A story of loyalty and defiance
But Jonathan's filial defiance is starkly displayed when the text says he would put his own well-being on the line with his father for David:
But if my father is inclined to harm you, may the Lord deal with me, be it ever so severely. (1 Samuel 20:13)
Both men are pictured as macho warriors who would do their manly duty culturally — they'd marry and sire children as men of any sexual orientation do in traditional cultures where they don't think in terms of modern definitions of sexual orientation. David's dalliances with women would also become legendary.
But as the new king after Saul's and Jonathan's deaths in battle, David himself would go out of his way to locate, and then show special concern for, Jonathan's paraplegic son Mephibosheth. The text notes twice, as if to emphasize it, that David did this "for the sake of your father, Jonathan."
David's loyalty will not only include restoring to Jonathan's son all the land owned by the late King Saul, but also granting the distinct honor to Mephibosheth that "you will always eat at my table." And: "So Mephibosheth ate at David's table as one of David's sons." (2 Samuel 9:11)
The whole story, though, clearly wants us to know how close their relationship is. The very first thing we're told about the two together, the very first reference to their relationship, informs us that:
Jonathan became one in spirit with David [literally, the soul of Jonathan was knit to the soul of David], and Jonathan loved him as himself. (1 Samuel 18:1)
Then immediately, these introductory verses add without any extenuating explanation that they entered into a same sex "covenant" just because of this love!
Then Jonathan made a covenant with David because he loved him as himself. (1 Samuel 18:3)
Such an upfront manner of introducing the relationship of Jonathan and David to listeners and readers without any other explanation indicates clearly that the text wants us to know what their relationship is in order to understand any later stories it chooses to tell us.
And the final of those stories about the two men focuses on the last words that 1 Samuel thinks we should know they said to each other.
When David learns that Saul is intent on killing him, David regretfully decides that he must flee the palace's influence. So Jonathan and David meet outside of town in the country surreptitiously under the guise of Jonathan doing target practice.
Jonathan dismisses his servant, telling him to return to town with Jonathan stripped of all his weapons. And the two are then alone.
The text says David then came out of hiding, "fell on his face to the ground, and bowed three times. And they kissed each other and wept together, but David more."
Jonathan says his final goodbyes by telling David to go in safety and with his final words reminds David of the eternal covenant they had made with each other:
In as much as we have sworn to each other in the name of the Lord saying, "The Lord is witness between me and you, and between my descendants and your descendants forever." (1 Samuel 20:40-42)
'More wonderful than the love of women'
This portrayal of Jonathan and David's same-sex relationship is the stuff that makes up the kinds of memorable stories that are passed down in song and myth anywhere. It's a familiar story of heroic lovers.
But it's not finished. There's yet a further epilogue about this love in the received texts.
As the new king, David will marry eight times, creating numerous political relationships, and have many children. Yet when David learns that Saul and Jonathan are killed in battle, the story says that David composes a public lament that's added to the tale by the writer of 2 Samuel.
As written, David's lament includes these words about his feelings toward Jonathan:
I grieve for you, Jonathan my brother;
You have been very dear to me.
Your love to me was wonderful,
More wonderful than the love of women. (2 Samuel 1:26)
Without a doubt, this all intends to portray a loving relationship between members of the same sex. In response then, how we proceed beyond the text with our understanding can tell us about our homophobia.
Did their relationship include intimate sexual activity? The text doesn't say, does it?
Does a relationship between two men who are this close naturally require sexual activity between them? Can two heterosexual men have such a close relationship even though it's a very homosocial one?
Unbiased preservation of a love story
Biblical stories, like all ancient folklore, aren't just retold, written down, and passed on by their tellers because of some dispassionate, objective interest in dead history. Let's face it, most of what happened in the past has been ignored and has disappeared from any record.
Rather, they are kept alive and retold for purposes such as entertainment, explaining the present, or teaching morals to future generations. Everyone, therefore, interprets them in terms of the cultural prejudices they've absorbed or their creative individual minds.
But this tale of Jonathan and David wants us to know about some kind of same-sex relationship, historical or legendary, doesn't it?
There are scholars who dismiss any sexual element, ignore or downplay these details, or just deny that it could be sexual because of the scholars' homophobia.
But then there are scholars who think it could be portraying a relationship of cultural heroes that listeners of its day would have no problem with — valiant male warriors having sexual activity with men. Other early writings from the region — such as the earliest epic in the world, the well-known Epic of Gilgamesh — include heroes who openly loved and had sex with other men.
Still other scholars are convinced that today we would call this a homosexual, or at least bisexual, relationship and that these verses were the descriptions of the day that would be understood to describe one. Such a now-classic detailed study with that conclusion from 1978 was Tom Horner's Jonathan Loved David, though he is not alone in that assessment.
Whatever kind of same-sex relationship these texts are meant to portray though, it's clear that such a legend of two men loving each other deeply was no problem for those who included it in the biblical canon.
The apparent lack of homophobia of those who conveyed the story of Jonathan and David back then and in that particular cultural milieu meant that they didn't feel compelled to assure us that no sex was involved. Same-sex sexual activity apparently didn't make any difference at all to them.
And not having that need or compulsion to mention or deny it, also tells us something about the general acceptability and heroic honorability of loving same-sex relationships then — sexual or not. Those who gave us this story just didn't care if Jonathan and David expressed their love for each other with sex.
But we certainly live in different times now.
You Are God's Masterpiece: Celebrating 25 Years of Being a Whosoever
Bulletproof Faith: A Spiritual Survival Guide for Gay and Lesbian Christians
Dr. Robert N. Minor
Professor Emeritus of Religious Studies at the University of Kansas where he taught for 33 years and was department chair for six years, Robert N. Minor (he/him), M.A., Ph.D is the author of 8 books as well as numerous articles and contributions to edited volumes. He is an historian of religion with specialties in Biblical studies, Asian religions, religion and gender and religion and sexuality. His writing has been published in Whosoever since 2005 and he continues to speak and lead workshops around the country. In 1999 GLAAD awarded him its Leadership Award for Education, in 2012 the University of Kansas named him one of the University's Men of Merit, in 2015 the American Men's Studies Association gave him the Lifetime Membership Award, and in 2018 Missouri Jobs with Justice presented him with the Worker's Rights Board Leadership Award. He resides in Kansas City, Missouri and is founder of The Fairness Project.
Tagged with: 1 Samuel, bisexuality, books, David, David and Jonathan, Gilgamesh, homophobia, Mephibosheth, pairs, saints, Saul, Tom Horner


Researchers from the Institute of Innovation and Sustainability in the Agro-Food Chain (IS-FOOD) of the Public University of Navarra (UPNA) have published a study in which they show that the nutritional quality of breakfast is associated with important cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors in overweight children, even in those with good physical condition who practice exercise every day.
The authors of the article, published in the journal Nutrients, observed that children who consumed breakfasts with poorer nutritional quality and higher energy density (understood as more calories per gram of food) had higher levels of cholesterol and uric acid and a higher insulin resistance.
The scientists conclude that nutritional education programs to improve cardiovascular health of the pediatric population should include specific recommendations aimed at reducing the consumption of high energy density foods in that first meal of the day.
Children who ate breakfasts with worse quality had higher levels of cholesterol and uric acid in blood and higher insulin resistance.
"The absence of breakfast has been previously related to excess fat and other associated disorders, so the promotion of breakfast is already being used as part of the strategy in the prevention of childhood obesity," adds Labayen.
However, beyond breakfast or not, the quality of the first meal of the day is very relevant. After evaluating the dietary habits of breakfast of a total of 203 schoolchildren aged 8 to 12 years with excess weight, it was observed that 13% of children did not eat breakfast daily and that those who consumed breakfasts with worse nutritional quality and higher density energetics had higher levels of cholesterol and uric acid in the blood and greater resistance to insulin.
"Precisely, a breakfast of higher energy density had a negative impact on glucose metabolism, even in those children who complied with the daily recommendations of physical activity, that is 60 minutes in moderate to vigorous intensity," explains the expert.
The researchers say that nutritional education programs to improve the cardiovascular and metabolic health of children should focus on reducing the consumption of high energy density foods, such as "ultra-processed products, commonly present in children's breakfasts", concludes Labayen.


A few months ago I was asked by Enrico Montanari, italian nature photographer of 'Nature in Frame', if I want to participate in an interview about me and my vision of nature photography. Now the interview is finished and been translated into Italian and you can find it on their website (natureinframe.it) in two languages.
Then it's for a long time very quiet around you and then you are suddenly in the 'spotlight'. So last Sunday I was interviewed by Radio Horizon during a live broadcast and today there was a big article about me and my winning photo in the newspaper 'Eindhoven Dagblad' on page 3, very nicely written by Riet Pijnappel (reporter BNDeStem)!
Who wants to listen to the interview on Radio Horizon can find it on the site rtvhorizon.nl on 25-10-2015 13.00, begin of the interview is 13.20.
Interview ED can be viewed here.
Still once more a really good result with my photo of the burned heath and the budding den!
This image also came in the prices in the 'GDT European Wildlife Photographer of the Year 2015' award and got, as with the "Wildlife Photographer of the Year 2015' award, a highly commended' in the category plants. A acknowledgment that this image manages to convince among all the entries from around the world .
The jury did a good job and the result shows once again what a high-level nature photography have and for me this award is equivalent to the prestigious 'Wildlife Photographer of the Year' award. Congratulations to all the other winning photographers!
Klick here for all winning images.
Wow! What an amazing night! The 51st Wildlife Photographer of the Year was announced at the awards ceremony at the Natural History Museum, London, some days ago. Delighted that my image 'Pine pioneer' was among the finalists in the category 'plants' of this big competition, the 'Oscar' for the nature photographers (42,000 entries from 96 countries worldwide)!
Many congratulations to all the other winners and finalists! I have seen so much stunning pictures this night, this was really amazing!
Look here for all the images.
I also want to congratulate all the other winners!
My image of a puffin is one of the photos, which adorns these special bilingual (English and German) calendar. The 'Species Conservation Calendar 2016' (Mondberge-Artenschutzkalender 2016) is a special calendar which is strictly limited and highly recommended for anyone who wants to have a special calendar in the house. Absolutely all profit goes to wildlife conservation projects!


text:
Q: MySQL Help - Combining 2 MySQL Selects - Result in 1 I have two MySQL statements (see below), I would like to combine them together so if they both result in a 1 then the end result will be 1. I'm not sure how to construct this and was hoping for some help.
select count(*)
from monitor
where name='job_starttime' and value < ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP( ) -600)

select count(*)
from monitor
where name='job_active' and value = 0

So for example I would like when both statements are true to result in a value of 1, if 1 or none are true it results in a 0.
I nearly achieved it with the below SQL (except it's giving a result for each entry in the table) :(
select
case
when (select count(*) from monitor
where exists (select * from monitor where name = 'job1_active' AND value = 1)
and exists (select * from monitor where name = 'job2_active' AND value = 1)) > 1
then 1
else 0
end
from monitor

A: (I am assuming you want the result in a WHERE or some other place for testing?)
This is faster, but is equivalent to COUNT(*) >= 1.
SELECT ...
    WHERE EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM monitor
                   WHERE name = 'job_starttime' AND value < ... )
      AND EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM monitor
                   WHERE name = 'job_active' AND value = 0 )

Otherwise:
SELECT ...
    WHERE ( SELECT COUNT(*) ... ) = 1
      AND ( SELECT COUNT(*) ... ) = 1

Another tip:  false == 0; true == 1.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Any fan of felines will adore this set of two Stained Glass Cat Bookends. Each features a charming kitten playing with a ball of yarn. The subtle cherrywood-colored base ensures that all attention is where it belongs: enjoying these fun-loving furballs! The brown and white cats really pop against the blue background on these delightful stained glass bookends. Perfect for propping up books—even ones that aren't about cats—or just as a desktop decoration to generate a smile from time to time. Wind & Weather Exclusive Design.


text:
Groups Hit GOPers on Hot Topics
By Josh Kurtz
Two powerful liberal groups last week set their sights on more than 40 Republican Members of Congress, launching a series of activities designed to apply political pressure on some of the most burning issues of the day.
Americans Against Escalation in Iraq announced that it was kicking off a project called "Iraq Summer." Modeled on the "Freedom Summer" of the 1960s civil rights movement, which dispatched organizers to dozens of communities in the South to work for integration, the Iraq program will send almost 100 organizers to the home states and districts of some Republican Senators and House Members who have opposed setting a timeline to end the Iraq War.
Organizers will spend 10 weeks in 40 Congressional districts across 15 states, working with local veterans and advocacy groups to pressure the targeted lawmakers to reject President Bush's Iraq policy. They will stage a variety of events, including letter-writing campaigns and local rallies.
"Opposition to the war in Iraq has reached a boiling point and this summer Republican members of Congress will be feeling the heat back home," Moira Mack, a spokeswoman for Americans Against Escalation in Iraq, said in a statement. "The President's remaining supporters in Congress will be forced to face the political consequences in their districts this summer."
The targeted Republicans are Illinois Reps. Mark Kirk, Timothy Johnson and Ray LaHood; Maine Sens. Susan Collins and Olympia Snowe; Michigan Reps. Vernon Ehlers, Fred Upton, Tim Walberg, Mike Rogers, Candice Miller and Thaddeus McCotter; Minnesota Sen. Norm Coleman and Reps. Jim Ramstad and Michele Bachmann; New Hampshire Sen. John Sununu; New Jersey Reps. Chris Smith and Mike Ferguson; New York Reps. Jim Walsh and Randy Kuhl; Ohio Sen. George Voinovich and Reps. Steven LaTourette and Deborah Pryce; Pennsylvania Sen. Arlen Specter and Reps. Phil English, Jim Gerlach, Charlie Dent, Tim Murphy and Todd Platts; Virginia Sen. John Warner and Reps. Thelma Drake, Frank Wolf and Tom Davis; Arizona Rep. Rick Renzi; Iowa Sen. Chuck Grassley and Rep. Tom Latham; New Mexico Sen. Pete Domenici and Rep. Heather Wilson; Nevada Reps. Dean Heller and Jon Porter; and Delaware Rep. Mike Castle.
Many face potentially competitive challenges in 2008.
Meanwhile, Defenders of Wildlife Action Fund, whose early attack ads in the 2006 cycle helped soften then-House Resources Chairman Richard Pombo (R-Calif.) for defeat, began airing radio ads Thursday in the districts of Heller, Renzi and GOP Reps. Ken Calvert (Calif.), John Doolittle (Calif.) and Steve Pearce (N.M.), criticizing their stance on global warming. The ads were accompanied by the launch of a new Web site, www.headsinthesand.org, set up to pressure the lawmakers.
Rodger Schlickeisen, president of the environmental group, said in an interview that the ads would air on drive-time radio throughout the five Members' districts at least through the end of this week.
Although some of the Members could be vulnerable in 2008, Schlickeisen said their political standing was only part of the consideration when it came to placing the ads.
"We started out with the most extreme [on global warming] — the easiest to target," he said.
Schlickeisen would not say what the organization is paying for the radio ads, but he said others would follow targeting the initial five — with other Members soon to be in the group's scope.
"I couldn't even tell you what our full budget is because we haven't figured it out," he said.


The newly built, $2.5M Laurie Payne Sports Centre at Gippsland Grammar incorporates a stadium, a foyer, change facilities as well as a mezzanine with classrooms and the Principal, David Baker, is very happy with the outcome, the way it is being used and looks. The stadium uses GOODWOOD Victorian Ash Sports Floor from Australian Sustainable Hardwoods in Heyfield, Victoria and was laid and polished by Aquilina Timber Floors in Melbourne.
"We're very, very thankful to the Federal Government who provide funding for this project and also our school's foundation" Says Principal David Baker.
For more information on GOODWOOD Victorian Ash Sports Floors, see the GOODWOOD product page. To enquire about FIBA registered Sports floor layers in the ASH community, send us an email.


Spass is snoozing in his office.
I don't need Per to be here tomorrow.
Does Kathryn have more than one girlfriend?
It's time you told Moran the truth.
Liyuan comes from a musical family.
Stewart looks a bit like John.
Maurice walked around the car and opened the door for Jeffery.
Merril visited Australia in 2013.
I expected Emma to be at my party.
Joanne said he won't marry me.
Andre's speech was really funny.
Wendi parked his car nearby.
I understand you're a personal friend of Toerless.
Syd doesn't appear to be nervous.
Did Raymond find the person he was looking for?
Thierry comes here every day at about 2:30.
Anthony seemed satisfied with Glenn's answer.
Hugh was putting stuff in a box.
Bruce bought himself a new toothbrush.
Earnie has bags under his eyes.
Miltos couldn't tell me because he'd promised Barney that he wouldn't.
It turns out Tammy wasn't lying.
Tell Sofoklis to call me.
Ragnar asked Laurent to water the flowers in his garden while he was gone.
Marshall won't be showing up at all.


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You can pick up some real footwear bargains at Sole Trader. However, if you wait until the season changes you can save even more, by shopping online at the Sole Trader Outlet.
"Founded over 50 years ago, SOLETRADER is a mecca for shoe addicts everywhere. Hand-selecting the best on-trend shoes, boots, and trainers, SOLETRADER offers superior collections for men and women, from vintage classics to modern originals.
SOLETRADER OUTLET was founded in 1996 and offers a huge selection of previous seasons' branded shoes for men, women and children. All of the merchandise available at SOLETRADER OUTLET is at least 30% below the original retail price.
SOLE showcases a fusion of leading designers, exclusive styles, and innovative labels from around the world. Since 2003 SOLE has been offering a unique and elite selection of shoes for the most discerning consumer".


3D solutions are a key to solving one of the most important and tricky problems for modern businesses – how to overtake competitors and not to be overtaken. For competition is extremely high nowadays, and it gets only higher over time. Needless to say, this is far from easy. There are lots of companies offering the same services and thus competing for the market share in the same niche. Obviously, the development is vital in such conditions. For if you are not striving to be ahead and find additional competitive advantages, shrinking of sales figures is only a matter of time. The reality of the market is "eat or be eaten". Which is why being better than yesterday and keeping up with the times is not only a matter of success, but of survival as well.
Competitors, however, are not only a danger that one has to fear. As well as that, a businessman should regard them as a test and stimulus for further growth. As a consequence, in order to overtake the competitor's market share, one has to be a visionary and act fast. The best way to achieve that is to turn to cutting-edge technologies – and be in the lead.
Is it possible to create an amazing, highly impactful advertising campaign and for a minimal cost? Owing to 3D technology – it totally is. It is quite easy, actually: you get a 3D model once, and then, you can use it as many times as you need. For instance, the same model can serve to create expressive and convincing letters for direct marketing, original and unforgettable print advertisements, as well as absolutely mind-blowing TV commercials, and so on.
Moreover, this way, UFO 3D services lead us to another massive competitive advantage – cheaper prices. Since the advertising campaign will cost less, so will your products and services. Managing to offer the same quality for less money is half the victory, for no customer can resist that.
Quality of the product is the second thing customers are worried about – right after the price. And here is a very important point we need to remember: the quality of the product is only as high as it satisfies the needs of the customer. That brings us to conclusion that to increase the quality, one needs to make it meet the needs of the customers even more than before. In this case, UFO 3D solutions are a gateway to success. They allow to make the products more customized. How's that? Let's imagine, you want to start selling some totally wonderful sofa. Usually, any product is available in a few colors, picked by the manufacturers and totally random from the customers' point of view. Naturally, if they like the sofa but the color doesn't go with the general scheme of the room, they'll keep looking for another option. Or you can order a 3D model for it in all variations possible and work by pre-orders. This way, 3D modeling allows you to do two things at once: please the client and see what design really works. So, if the client wants this sofa with bottle green velvet upholstering for his retro living room – he should be able to have it. That will be a quality product! And UFO 3D solutions will enable you to deliver it.
We live in times when the speed is critical. People are impatient to live and achieve. So, they want to travel faster, get more information in minimum time. But when our competitors offer the same products at similar prices, speed is vital. What can help you seal the deal? – The speed of your service. If you can deliver the same product in 3 days instead of a week – you'll get a powerful competitive advantage. 3D solutions are designed to speed up the process. For instance, it allows designers and architects to close their projects much faster. Owing to the impact and persuasiveness of 3D imagery, clients tend to make up their mind much faster.
Quality service is something impossible to overestimate. People prefer to work with those who listen to their needs and show respect, with those whom they like and who care about them. 3D technology will change the way businessmen communicate with their clients. It's crucial to treat them with due reverence. For instance, instead of formal texts with dry specifications one can show a 360 degrees view of the said product. To present more complex projects, one can turn to VR and take the potential client on a tour around the property. Obviously, that will be more eloquent and specific than any words. By doing this, you'll show you care. You truly want to make the customer see all advantages the project presents him. And with your help, they can do it without effort and in a leisurely manner! Of course, it will be appreciated and rewarded. For happy client will definitely return! This way, UFO 3D solutions contribute to a better customer service and loyalty.
As you can see, UFO 3D solutions offer the business considerable advantages and let businesses expand and win the clients. With 3D, it is possible to save customer's money, increase the quality and the speed of service, as well as built more rewarding and close relationships with the clientele.
Get this competitive advantage for yourself, – contact UFO and try out our Test Drive option. We'll be happy to contribute to your success with a quality service. If you are not sure what to begin with – call us to discuss the best option for YOUR business.
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You're renowned as a filmmaker. What drew you to the world of opera?
I'm a fan. I grew up in Montana; though there are not a lot of operas to see there, every Sunday the Metropolitan Opera played on my dad's radio. I think I inherited my fandom from him, a farm boy from Montana. I've come to find that film and opera are so similar. They're both multidisciplinary art forms that take words, music, and about an hour and a half to consume. I'm comfortable with that sort of condensed storytelling.
What is the backstory of As One and your involvement in it?
As One was really conceived by the composer, Laura Kaminsky. She had wanted to write an opera that told the story of someone who was transgender and originally wrote it for two singers who happened to be a husband and wife. She thought they would be perfect in playing the two sides of our one character, Hannah, like yin and yang. Many people have since gone on to play "Hannah before" and "Hannah after." In Laura's research process, she saw a film I made called Prodigal Sons, and she contacted me to see if I could create a film that would take the place of the set. In talking to and sharing my own experience with Mark Campbell [co-librettist of As One], he asked if I'd be interested in cowriting it. I had not written a libretto before.
In what ways did you weave your life story as a transgender person into the narrative?
Every single one of the arias have a kernel of autobiographical proof. But fictionalizing allows us to make the story bigger and broader than my own experience. I certainly would never claim this is the experience of every transgender person, not even close. But I did try to bring in stories from friends and acquaintances and things I've learned from the transgender community at large to confront issues that lie outside of my experience.
So, what's behind the name As One?
It's what happens with Hannah. By having one character portrayed by two people, there's this bifurcation. That happens to all of us in one way or another. Beyond gender, consider race, religion, and all sorts of ways we are trying to find ourselves and who we are underneath those layers of cultural influence. In As One, the yin and yang get resolved into a sense of self where Hannah is not feeling pulled apart. For Hannah, discovering there are other people going through the same thing as her, it's very comforting, empowering, and reassuring.
Not feeling alone is a comfort almost everyone can relate to.
That's what we strove for—not to get wrapped up in identity politics, not getting too lugubrious. And I think this piece has had that reception. It is very informal, accessible, and contemporary. Because of that, we've seen a lot of LGBT people in the audience attending As One as their first opera. And there's a lot of people in the audience who know opera very well or have been before, but As One is the first time they've confronted this topic. That's a good cross section.


text:
Q: Why won't CURRENT_TIMESTAMP work on mysqlworkbench? I want to retrieve current times when post's created and updated.  In a tutorial I'm following, the author uses CURRENT_TIMESTAMP without the () but that didn't work me, it gave me std::exception.
Below I'm doing CURRENT_TIMESTAMP() but that doesn't work.  I've also read online and tried DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP but that also doesn't work.
What am I doing wrong and how can I fix it?

public function up()
{
    Schema::create('blogs', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->bigIncrements('id');
        $table->string('name');
        $table->text('body');
        $table->timestamps();
    });
}

A: The problem is you tried to insert CURRENT_TIMESTAMP from GUI input which is wrong because it tries to parse it as a string to date.
I suggest you insert it with SQL query instead.
INSERT INTO blogs
    (id, name, body, created_at, updated_at)
VALUES
    (null, 'this is name', 'this is body', CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(), CURRENT_TIMESTAMP())

A:
In a tutorial I'm following, the author uses CURRENT_TIMESTAMP without the ()

Based on your results and on a few educated guesses relating to what's happening in that video clip, this appears to be a feature of Sequel Pro, the database client the tutorial presenter is using, rather than of the MySQL database itself. And instead of Sequel Pro, you're using MySQL Workbench, a completely different piece of software.
The MySQL feature of a very similar name indeed is a function call with a () after it, so that's something else.

but that didn't work me, it gave me std::exception.

That particular symptom sounds like a bug to me, though there's no real reason to expect Workbench to accept a non-date (or even an arbitrary expression) in a date/time field.
It's just not possible to accept input like that unambiguously, without the benefit of nice things like quotation marks and field name delimiters, which is what you get by writing the full INSERT statement yourself, bypassing the Workbench widgets. You'll need that for Zendy's good workaround of using the MySQL CURRENT_TIMESTAMP() function instead.

Below I'm doing CURRENT_TIMESTAMP() but that doesn't work. I've also read online and tried DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP but that also doesn't work.

Likely these are limitations of the Workbench interface. It's struggling to decide whether you are giving it verbatim strings to store in the table, or expressions with function calls. And, in fairness, and again, it doesn't have enough information to deduce that for 100% certain.
That's why crafting your own SQL statements is usually better. It's the only way to specifically state exactly what you are trying to do.


system to \'fire\' it back up.
nearest and weakest point, in this case the Yellowstone caldera.
civilization for such a long time.
This is not going to happen again. This planet will ascend this time.
planet Earth will be broken this time.


text:
DMCA Reply Comments: The Rootkit Exemption
By Aaron Jue
The U.S. Copyright Office received 74 comments proposing exemptions to the DMCA's anti-circumvention provision as part of its triennial DMCA rulemaking proceeding. In this and subsequent posts, we will summarize the key exemption proposals made in this first round of comments. If you can offer specific factual or legal arguments in support of these proposals, we urge you to file a reply with the Copyright Office before the February 2, 2006 deadline. For a helpful guide to filing replies, see Seth Finkelstein's Winning (DMCA) Exemptions, The Next Round.
An Exemption for CDs with Rootkit-like Protection Measures
Boalt Hall's Samuelson Law, Technology & Public Policy Clinic filed a comment on behalf of Princeton's Professor Ed Felten and J. Alex Halderman requesting an exemption for the circumvention of "sound recordings and audiovisual works distributed in compact disc format and protected by technological measures that impede access to lawfully purchased works by creating or exploiting security vulnerabilities that compromise the security of personal computers." In essence, this proposal would permit security researchers like Felten and Halderman to remove, disable, or bypass CD protection measures - like Sony BMG's rootkit - that create security vulnerabilities. The exemption would eliminate the threat of DMCA liability for these researchers, allowing them to expose the threats posed by these protection measures more quickly.
But the exemption proposed by Felten and Halderman benefits not only the research community, but music fans as well. DMCA exemptions are defined in reference to a class of copyrighted works rather than a particular use of those works. Consumers, therefore, would also be free to remove software installed on their machines that posed security risks, allowing them to enjoy their lawfully purchased CDs on the playback device of their choice without risking potentially crippling security vulnerabilities.
Comments filed by the Computer and Communication Industry Association and Open Source and Industry Alliance and the Library Copyright Alliance and Music Library Association addressed similar concerns.
Again, if you support the exemptions proposed by these parties and can provide additional factual or legal arguments in their support, we suggest you consider filing a reply comment with the Copyright Office.
2006 DMCA Rulemaking


text:
Why I'm Running
Endorsements & Support
I'm Micaela Lara Cadena and I am humbled to be running for the New Mexico House of Representatives District 33 seat.
I believe in democracy and am proud that my New Mexican values have shaped me to be a strong candidate for this seat. I grew up in District 33 as the eldest of three daughters to hard-working Democrats. As a little girl growing up in Mesilla, I was blessed to have my grandparents as next door neighbors and extended family across the Mesilla Valley. I played in the acequia behind my family's house, saw the seasons change with the pecan trees surrounding our home, and grew a deep love for the place and the people I come from.
As a generational Chicana with deep roots here, I am honored to be raising my daughters in the place that taught me everything I know about traditions, family, and community.
I am running because I believe we can make government work for all of us and because our district deserves a candidate willing to listen and learn from voters about what matters most.
As a mom, I am committed to making sure southern New Mexico has a stake in economies of the future; I understand our families need real opportunity to live here, work here and stay here.
As a daughter of educators, I believe that our children deserve education that prepares them for the changing world. I am ready to work with the Las Cruces Public Schools to make sure state funding comes down to where it's needed most. Representing New Mexico State University is a privilege. Connecting to students in meaningful ways, highlighting the incredible things happening at the university, and pushing to make sure our young people are ready for the jobs of tomorrow is important to me.
As a policy maker, my experiences in effectively improving access to health care for New Mexicans and leading criminal justice reform make me well-suited to work alongside providers in our community in building a new foundation for the behavioral and mental health care systems destroyed by the Governor's administration.
Tiny me with my parents, Dolores and Michael, and my incredible hermanas Mireya and Denicia.
micaela@lara-cadena4nm.com
PO Box 1510, Mesilla NM, 88046
Paid for by Committee to Elect
Micaela Lara Cadena, Treasurer Todd Stuve
© 2023 Micaela Lara Cadena


text:
Guillaume Louis de Wurtemberg, né à Stuttgart le , décédé à Hirsau le .

Il est duc de Wurtemberg de 1674 à sa mort en 1677.

Fils d'Eberhard VII de Wurtemberg et de Anne-Catherine de Salm-Kyrbourg, il épouse en 1673 Madeleine-Sibylle de Hesse-Darmstadt (1652-1712). Quatre enfants sont nés de cette union :

 Éléonore de Wurtemberg (1674-1683).
 Eberhardine de Wurtemberg (1675-1707).
 Eberhard-Louis de Wurtemberg, (1676-1733), duc de Wurtemberg sous le nom d'Eberhard X.
 Madeleine-Wilhelmine de Wurtemberg (1677-1742), en 1697 elle épousa le margrave Charles-Guillaume de Bade-Durlach (Charles III Guillaume de Bade-Durlach).

Article connexe
 Liste des ducs de Wurtemberg

Liens externes

Guillaume Louis
Guillaume Louis
Naissance en janvier 1647
Naissance à Stuttgart
Naissance dans le duché de Wurtemberg
Décès en juin 1677
Décès à Calw
Décès dans le duché de Wurtemberg
Décès à 30 ans
Personnalité inhumée dans l'église collégiale de Stuttgart


text:
As per July 1st, Millennium Weavers Europe has been taken over by the Victoria Group and will keep on trading as Millennium Weavers Europe with its own P&L.
For customers and suppliers, everything remains the same. The current management and employees will stay on board.
We are welcoming the team of Millennium Weavers as part of the Victoria Group and are looking forward to further develop the brand and product line.
Philippe Hamers
CEO Victoria Group
We produce trendy, high quality carpets using the latest technology
Welcome to Millennium Weavers Europe – We are a manufacturer based in Ronse, Belgium, and are the New Leader In Today's Flooring. Established, early 2012, Millennium Weavers has rapidly grown to become a significant player with a recognized brand in the residential tufted floorcoverings market. Our products are currently available in the UK and Europe. The success of the company is based on its philosophy and focus of producing high quality residential carpet who is designed 'on trend' by using the latest yarn technology, colours and delivering an outstanding quality product with an excellent service to our customers.
We are a small team with a big vision and a strong determination to continue our growth in the residential floorcoverings sector. This website provides an overview of who we are and what we do. Please do not hesitate to contact us, or your local sales agent for further information on Millennium Weavers and its products.
Jan Van Damme
Our offices are closed on the following bank holidays: 15 & 16/08.
As per July 1st 2017, Millennium Weavers Europe has been taken over by the Victoria Group and will keep on trading as Millennium Weavers Europe with its own P&L.
For customers and suppliers,
MILLENNIUM WEAVERS NV
Industrie Park | Klein Frankrijkstraat 38 | 9600 Ronse | Belgium | T +32 55 50 90 50 | F +32 55 50 90 51 | sales@millenniumweavers.eu
© 2019 Millennium Weavers NV | General Terms & Conditions Flockdesign