By Samantha L. Grant, P.E.
Why did DWSD Start Charging for Stormwater?
In October 2016, the Detroit Water and Sewerage Department (DWSD) started charging property owners a fee to discharge stormwater generated from each parcel within city limits to sewers. Like many older communities, Detroit has a combined sewer system, meaning the sanitary sewer and stormwater flow to the same piping system and end up at the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) or combined sewer overflow (CSO) control facilities. To offset the fee, DWSD also rolled out a stormwater credit program, encouraging their customers to reduce their monthly stormwater charges by earning volume credits (lowering the volume of stormwater leaving their site), or peak flow credits (retaining their stormwater temporarily after a rain event before releasing it to the sewer). Volume credits are available because DWSD's portion of the costs associated with running the WWTP are determined based on the amount of wastewater volume generated by parcels in the City of Detroit. Peak flow credits are available because Detroit has to build CSO control facilities to detain and treat the water during large storm events. Reducing the amount of stormwater entering the system would reduce the need to build and maintain more of these facilities.
DWSD determines the stormwater bill for each customer by calculating the amount of impervious area (parking areas and roofs) on the site and multiplying it by a drainage charge rate. Therefore, the best way to achieve savings is by removing impervious surfaces (unnecessary parking/pavement areas, unused buildings) from the property and replacing them with pervious surfaces (grass, landscaping, gravel), if plausible. Customers can reduce their stormwater fees because they are not billed for pervious areas on their property, only the impervious areas.
Of course, customers cannot remove all impervious areas on their site, and that's where the stormwater credits and green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) practices provide financial relief. Credits can be achieved through a number of common GSI practices, including bioretention (rain gardens, bioswales, planter boxes), roof drain disconnection (sending gutters to lawn areas or GSI practices instead of the sewer), detention basins, green roofs, rainwater harvesting/ reuse, and permeable pavement. Customers can achieve volume credits with retention, by allowing their stormwater to infiltrate into the ground on their site rather than entering the sewer. They can earn peak flow credits with detention by releasing their stormwater slowly over a period of time. Customers can receive up to an 80 percent reduction of their stormwater charge by implementing practices that achieve both volume and peak flow reduction, or 40 percent for implementing one type of practice (volume or peak reduction).
To begin the process, customers first contact DWSD and set up a free site assessment. DWSD representatives will come out to the property, perform a site assessment, and develop a conceptual report and plan, including projected costs, savings, and payback period associated with the installation of GSI practices. During this process, the customer can hire a consulting engineer to move forward with the conceptual plan and perform a full design for the site; a licensed professional engineer (PE) is required to seal the construction drawings. The consulting engineer can complete design and construction plans, finalize the cost estimate, complete the appropriate credit applications and supporting documentation, and help the customer receive approval from DWSD through negotiations. The property owner will need to hire a contractor to install the GSI practices, and after it is built, a PE certifies constructed conditions to receive credits. The credits remain valid for 3 years; afterwards, if a PE or certified stormwater operator confirm acceptable operation and performance, the owner will continue receiving stormwater credits for another 3 years.
NTH rain garden design and implementation for Berkley School District to provide on-site retention.
NTH team design and implementation of green infrastructure elements including pervious pavers and bioretention.
DWSD set up the Capital Partnership Program (CPP), in which non-residential customers can receive a grant that covers up to 50 percent of a GSI practice installation project with a maximum grant of $50,000. To receive a grant, the applicant must meet the requirements outlined in the application and sign an agreement with DWSD for ongoing maintenance. Non-profit organizations can earn credits through community outreach by educating residents about the stormwater credit program. Non-profits can receive credits by sharing information with residents, collecting awareness surveys, providing testimonials, and hosting events for DWSD. To be considered for this program, non-profits must submit an application, enter into an Outreach Credit Agreement, and, once approved, submit validation of successful outreach activity. There are other sources of funding available in the area, such as from the Southeast Michigan Resilience Fund, a public-private partnership to improve natural resources in Southeast Michigan.
GSI practices offer benefits to DWSD due to lower volumes, which help Detroit comply with federal environmental mandates, but also offer benefits to a property owner, as the upfront cost will eventually pay off through savings on the stormwater charge in the future. GSI practices also improve water quality, restore natural features, and reduce flooding concerns and combined sewer overflows attributed with large storms.
NTH can help clients with similar challenges through creative GSI design. If you are interested in a consultation with your stormwater project, please contact me at sgrant@nthconsultants.com.


It's a race against time as Grissom, after encountering the Ripper 2.0, must rush to prevent history from repeating itself. Yet, perhaps history is on their side– does murder run in the family? Stokes and Sidle find traces of DNA from the boyfriend and brother of their victim on the murder weapon shows– which one really has blood on his hands? Find out in this fourth issue, as we near the thrilling conclusion of the series based on the popular TV show!


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text:
Ishqbaaaz fans protest Surbhi's exit and reach out to Gul Khan
MUMBAI: Ishqbaaaz is one of the most popular shows on television and is in the limelight for various reasons. The show has been achieving milestone after milestone and has a fan following. Fans are quite upset with the fact that Surbhi won't be a part of the show after the leap.
Surbhi's exit from the show has loyal fans angry and devastated. They have been protesting on social media with the hashtag, 'NoSurbhi ChandnaNoIshqbaaaz'.
Fans also reached Star Plus' office and are leaving no stone unturned to support their favorite actress Surbhi. They have also started making posters against her exit post the leap.
Meanwhile, Nakuul Mehta is very much a part of the show post the leap. The makers of the show are coming up with season 2, wherein Nakuul will play Shivika's son, Shivaansh Singh Oberoi.
The auditions and mock shoot for the new female lead are on, and according to some media reports, the Ishqbaaaz team will be wrapping up the shoot of the first season in 10 days.
When Ekta Kapoor was asked about her first 'heartbreak'
Amrit Walia's eventful journey from an executive producer to casting director

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FIFTEEN- "Swain's First Bike Ride" LP+7"EP Color vinyl bundle!
Dead Broke Rekerds is absolutely stoked to announce definitive reissues by Berkeley, California-based punk band, FIFTEEN. From the ashes of east bay legends, Crimpshrine came Fifteen. These records changed our lives (here at Dead Broke) and the socially conscious lyrics touched & taught us in ways music would seldom again through the years. Swain's First Bike Ride is the bands' debut studio album, originally released on vinyl in 1991 through Lookout Records. The album's CD edition contains the band's self-titled EP from the previous year as bonus tracks, just like the Lookout! original disc. (CD originally released on February 10, 1992.) We've maticulously kept these reissues as true to the original releases as we possibly could, while Carl Saff gave the songs are new life with his remastering. Gloriously restored & remastered from the original reel-to-reel master tapes by Carl Saff at Saff Mastering. Astounding artwork restoration by Hugo Fitzgerald, face-lifted from the original hand-made art by band/label. **LP on Limited Opaque Blue With Yellow, White & Orange Splatter vinyl (*Limited to 137) AND 7"EP on Opaque Red vinyl (limited to 100).
FIFTEEN- "Swain's First Bike Ride" LP+7"EP Color vinyl bundle! Dead Broke Rekerds is absolutely stoked to announce definitive reissues by Berkeley, California-based punk band, FIFTEEN. From the ashes of east bay legends, Crimpshrine, came Fifteen. These records changed our lives (here at Dead Broke) and the socially conscious lyrics touched & taught us in ways music would seldom again throughout the years. Fifteen formed in 1988 during the tail end of a Crimpshrine tour. After Crimpshrine broke up, Fifteen started playing shows. Fifteen embarked on their first tour in the summer of 1989, and recorded their debut EP in April 1990 for Lookout! Records. Fifteen went on their first US tour in the summer of 1990, playing shows with Filth & Fugazi. "Swain's First Bike Ride" is their first full-length album, recorded in December 1990. Originally released on 12" vinyl in 1991 on Lookout! Records. CD edition contains the band's self-titled EP from the previous year as bonus tracks, just like the Lookout original disc, which was released a year later in 1992. (CD & Tape version include updated artwork to match original record art.) We've maticulously kept these reissues as true to the original releases as we possibly could, while the songs have taken on a new life with a 2017 remastering. Gloriously restored & remastered from the original reel-to-reel master tapes by Carl Saff at Saff Mastering. Astounding artwork restoration by Hugo Fitzgerald, face-lifted from the original hand-made art. (Comes w/download) (Pressing info: 411 on Black, 112 on White, 137 on Opaque Blue w/Yellow, White & Orange Splatter vinyl) ***Limited color vinyl bundle: includes LP on Limited Opaque Blue With Yellow, White & Orange Splatter vinyl (*Limited to 137) AND 7"EP on Opaque Red vinyl (limited to 100).


text:
Q: how to set 3 divs side by side SO THAT the middle div can stretch with the form resize I know this might look like an old question but Im trying to put 3 divs side by side  but the middle div should stretch with the form resizing. I found this here and used their code but it doesnt work. The right div still gets pushed down bellow the div instead of being next to it.
Here is an example of what I have but like I said the right div gets pushed down bellow the div instead of being next to it.
Can someone please share their well earned knowledge!

A: HTML:

Left

Center

Right

CSS:
.mainDiv{ position: relative;}
.left{ position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; width: 100px; }
.right{ position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; width: 100px; }
.center { margin: 0 100px; }

JSFiddle
Updated Fiddle as per your new requirement :)

A:

    left

    right

    middle

check this example

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Real estate for sale in Capitol Riverfront is part of an evolving trend, ranging from 19th century row houses to new high-rise glass and steel towers. And while there's some early Washington, DC history here, the emphasis is on a forward-thinking revitalization effort that will add a substantial number of new residences over the coming years.
The Capitol Riverfront neighborhood stretches in an elongated shape for one and a half miles eastward from S. Capitol Street to where Pennsylvania Avenue meets the Anacostia River. Much of Capitol Riverfront borders the Navy Yard and is in fact, an integral component of the ambitious Anacostia Waterfront Initiative, aimed at transforming a huge area on the western side of the river into a vibrant urban territory, ripe with retail, restaurants, entertainment and fabulous homes for sale. To learn more, check out the available MLS listings below, or feel free to give District Partners at Compass a call about other real estate on the market in Washington DC!
While Capitol Riverfront was "created" by the city council as a newly-named neighborhood in 2003, the area itself dates back to the 1800s when it was a lively wharf with a riverfront residential community, streetcars and bustling commercial districts.
Now, a 500 acre swath of land that had fallen into considerable decay and decline, is being redeveloped into mixed-use green-friendly residential complexes, along with a host of amenities. The new residences include luxury apartment rentals along with condos and townhomes for sale. Nearly 3,000 units have been delivered so far with many more to come.
Capitol Riverfront is closely associated with the Navy Yard—once the military's busiest shipyard before falling into an era of industrial pollution and downsizing. Integrated development projects include Nationals Park (home to MLB's Washington Nationals), Riverwalk Trail, Half Street entertainment district, Fairgrounds Outdoor Market, Capitol Quarter Townhouse community, Velocity Condos, and Foundry Lofts—an adaptive reuse of a historical Navy Yard industrial building.
Homes and condos for sale in Capitol Riverfront currently range from the low to high six-figure range. Inventory is somewhat limited for now, although that is soon to change. Among new projects are 1212 on 4th Street with 218 upscale units and a ground floor Harris Teeter grocery. There is also rumors of a Whole Foods in the future.


Get to know Zürich and its surroundings on a 4-hour extended city tour. Visit the Old Town with its churches, walk along the beautiful River Limmat, then ride on the aerial cable car for a breathtaking view over Lake Zürich and the snow-covered Alps!
Cross the lake with a ferry and drive along the "Gold Coast"
Spend some time seeing the beautiful and historical combination of culture and nature in Zürich on a 4-hour extended city tour.
You will begin by visiting the major attractions of Zurich: the Old Town, St. Peters Church – known to have the largest clock face of all the European churches, the world-famous Bahnhofstrasse, the Limmatquai, and the Guild Houses.
Stop off at the harbor for a photo opportunity, where you enjoy a beautiful view of the Lake of Zürich, and the city and surrounding hills.
Drive along the "Gold Coast" to Meilen, where you will then cross the lake on a ferryboat.
The journey continues to Adliswil for a ride by aerial cable car to Felsenegg, where you will enjoy an incredible view overlooking Zürich, the lake, and the snow-covered Alps.
Buses only depart from Sihlquai parking lot. The bus parking lot is located on Limmatstraße on the corner of Sihlquai, north of Zürich Central Station.


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text:
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
The Introductory Astronomy Questionnaire, hereafter IAQ, is an instrument developed by \citet{Rajpaul2014}, originally administered as pre- and post-tests to students enrolled in the introductory astronomy course at the University of Cape Town (UCT).  The motivation for the development of the original IAQ was threefold: to optimize the teaching of an astronomy course, and to maximize meaningful engagement with its cohort of students; to investigate whether a simple questionnaire could be used to identify potential candidates for teaching intervention programmes; and to study the ways in which students' views changed after having taken an astronomy course, including \emph{non-content} issues regarding worldview and scientific thinking \cite{Wallace:2013}.

The IAQ comprises a small number of questions probing three main areas of interest: student motivation and views on astronomy and physics; astronomy content; and worldview. While a multiple-choice question format may have proven more convenient for analysis, the IAQ was modelled on the Physics Measurement Questionnaire \citep{Volkwyn:2005,Volkwyn:2008} in which free-response writing formed the basis for the substantive analysis. A number of questions were framed as debates between students, prompting respondents to take a side in and contribute to the debate; the instrument also contained a ranking task \cite{2006AEdRv...5a...1H}, an explaining task (with particular attention paid to perceived audience \citep{Allie:2008,Allie:2010}), and a free-association task. This facilitated the expression of views not suggested by the literature, and mitigated the problem of students misinterpreting questions \cite{Nwosu:2012}.

We adapted the IAQ and translated it into Norwegian, with the following targets in mind: (i) pre-service science teachers, before and after astronomy instruction; and (ii) middle school students, before and after astronomy instruction. (Pre-service teachers are students training at a tertiary institution to become teachers.) Our adapted instrument will hereafter be referred to as the Norwegian IAQ (NIAQ).

We aimed to gain insight into the same areas of interest as before, for both the pre-service teachers and the middle school students. Taking a longer-term view, improving the future teachers' understanding of astronomy content and concepts---and indeed general enthusiasm for astronomy and science---could lead to improving the knowledge and perceptions of future generations of young students in Norway.

\section{Context and sample} \label{sec:course}
The Norwegian education system comprises elementary school (years 1--7), middle school (years 8--10) and high school (years 11--13). More than 97\% of elementary and middle school students are enrolled in public schools \cite{encyclo2015}. Science is compulsory in years 1--11, whereas in years 12 and 13, physics, chemistry and biology---which are separate subjects in these years---are non-compulsory. Science contains one standardized astronomy module in middle school, generally covered in year 9. Norwegian tertiary education is offered in universities and university colleges (the distinction between which is today largely historical). The higher education system is in accordance with the Bologna Process, with three-year bachelor's degrees and two-year master's degrees, although some degree programs deviate from this norm by taking four years to complete.

To qualify as a middle school science teacher in Norway, the most common route is to complete a four-year Bachelor of Teaching degree, which includes the equivalent of one year of science (Science I and II). Middle school teachers are also qualified to teach in upper elementary school (years 5--7). Pre-service elementary school science teachers are required to take Science I, whereas Science II is optional. Consequently, \textcolor{black}{the cohort enrolled in Science II comprises a mixture} of future middle and elementary school teachers.

The pre-service teachers in this study all attended the largest teacher education institution in Norway, viz.\ Oslo and Akershus University College (HiOA). They had passed Science I and were enrolled in Science II. Both courses comprised the subjects Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Technology \& Design, Meteorology \& Geology, and Science Education. Although these subjects are nationally determined, the detailed curriculum of each subject varies between institutions. Physics I and II at HiOA constitute approximately 20\% of Science I and II. Three consecutive 45-minute lessons are delivered in each three-hour class. Physics I comprises seven such classes (plus one class used for group presentations) and covers thermodynamics, gravity \& buoyancy, sound, light, kinematics, forces and energy; Physics II comprises ten classes and covers electromagnetism (electricity, magnetism and induction), atomic and nuclear physics (atomic physics, nuclear physics and radiation physics) and astronomy (the Sun--Moon--Earth system, the Solar System, and the universe, plus one outdoor observing night).

As for the middle school students, a total of eight non-randomly selected schools in and around Oslo agreed to participate in the study during fall 2014. None of the year 8 students and all of the year 10 students in these schools had studied the \textcolor{black}{standardized} astronomy module, so the year 8 students were considered the pre-test sample, and the year 10 students \textcolor{black}{(from the same schools),} the post-test sample.

\section{Development of the new questionnaire} \label{sec:development}
The original instrument had eight questions (in some cases comprising sub-questions), some of which were not suitable for the NIAQ because they were specific to a South African undergraduate audience (e.g.\ one question focused on radio astronomy with the Square Kilometer Array telescope). We therefore supplemented the most interesting and pertinent questions from the original IAQ with a few new questions.

A full list of questions will be presented elsewhere; the main themes covered by the NIAQ questions were as follows: (1) opinions on how much there is left to discover in both physics and astronomy, and how interesting and important to society they are; (2) astronomy vs.\ astrology; (3) the possibility of life elsewhere in the universe; (4) the Big Bang as a theory; (5a) size rankings and (5b) simple explanations of five different astronomical objects, viz.\ galaxy, planet, star, universe, solar system; (6) the way in which astronomers learn things about the universe; (7) ranking in terms of distance from the Earth's surface of ten different items, e.g.\ the Sun, the Moon, the center of the Milky Way; and (8) the motion of the Earth around the Sun.

Questions 1, 2, 4, 5 have direct counterparts in the original IAQ, while questions 3 and 7 were piloted prior to the present work (in a second-iteration of the IAQ) with a sample of about a hundred undergraduate astronomy students at UCT. With the exceptions of 1, 5a, and 7, all questions solicited free-response writing in response to debates between, or questions from, hypothetical students.

\textcolor{black}{All questions were translated from English into Norwegian by two native Norwegian speakers: the first author (C.L.) and, independently, a high school chemistry and mathematics teacher (with experience studying in England). The two translated versions were compared and discussed, and where there were differences, the most appropriate wording for the Norwegian context was jointly agreed upon. For example, `A group of year 9 students is having an argument' was translated to `En gruppe 10.-klassinger har en diskusjon', which translates directly as `A group of 10th graders have a discussion'. The syntax is more appropriate in Norwegian, and the meaning is preserved as year 9 students are in their last year of compulsory high school education in South Africa, whereas the equivalent in Norway is year 10. The consensus version was given to three Masters level students in Science Teacher Education to check that the questions were clear; no changes were required. }

\section{Methodology}\label{sec:methods}

The NIAQ was administered to two separate cohorts of pre-service teachers enrolled in Physics II in 2013--2014 (one cohort each semester). The cohorts numbered 41 pre-service teachers in total (24 females and 17 males). Almost \textcolor{black}{all were} ethnically Norwegian, so \textcolor{black}{they} were not asked for demographic information, as this would have uniquely identified any \textcolor{black}{non-ethnic Norwegians}.

The pre-test was administered during the atomic \& nuclear physics module to both cohorts, whereas the post-test was given to all \textcolor{black}{pre-service teachers} during spring 2014, which was after the examination for the fall cohort and after the main astronomy module, but before the observation night and examination for the spring cohort.  \textcolor{black}{Participants} were given 45 minutes to complete the questionnaire. The pre- and post-tests were completed by 40 and 38 \textcolor{black}{pre-service teachers} respectively. No differences were found between the cohorts during the analysis, so they are not separated in the results.

For the middle school administration, students completed questions 1, 5 and 7. The students were given approximately 20 minutes (year 8) and 25 minutes (year 10) to complete the questionnaire, which allowed nearly all students to complete all questions. A total of 535 year 8 students and 387 year 10 students completed the NIAQ. \textcolor{black}{Of the students that elected to specify their gender, 452 were male and 452 were female.}

All pre-service teacher responses, except in the case of multiple choice questions and ranking tasks, were translated from Norwegian into English. The same person involved in the initial translation of the instrument independently translated a small sample of student responses that was also translated by C.L. V.R.\ then compared the two translations, and found a very high level ($>90\%$) of agreement. Subsequently, the remaining responses were translated by C.L.\ only.  However, frequently text was translated indicating where two different words or expressions could be used, or denoting with a question mark where it was unclear how to translate. All translated responses were read by two native English speakers, and any ambiguities or disagreements were discussed and addressed. Analyzing translated responses limited the grain size of the analysis: we had to consider (our interpretation of) the intended meaning without getting unnecessarily caught up in the details of the specific phrasing. However, in the end, this was considered a benefit, because it was ultimately the meaning conveyed by language that was the focus of the analysis.

Each student was assigned a unique numerical code, which was appended to each page of their NIAQ submissions. Submissions were separated by question, and the analysis was carried out on a question-by-question basis (rather than a student-by-student basis).

The analysis of free response writing was carried out using an approach suggested by grounded theory \citep{Corbin:1990,Strauss:1997}. A number of `main points' were extracted from each student's written response; thence a list of fine-grained categories, covering one or more main points, was drawn up. As most \textcolor{black}{responses} to a particular question contained more than one main point, they ended up being decomposed into more than one fine-grained category. Following an iterative process in which C.L., V.R.\ and M.C.E.\ compared their results and refined their fine-grained categorization, an average agreement between category assignments of above $90\%$ was obtained.  Again using an iterative process, the fine-grained categories were used to construct broader categories of ideas or responses. These broad emergent categories formed the basis of the results for these questions. As an example of this process, consider the `Big Bang as a theory' question. Some fine-grained categories classified students' definitions of `theory' as colloquial, dogmatic, equivocal, or unclear; on the other hand, others grouped together responses providing specific scientific evidence (e.g.\ expansion of the universe, cosmic microwave background radiation), or those providing a scientific definition of `theory'. These fine-grained categories were subsumed into a broader category that stratified responses as non-scientific vs.\ scientifically-compatible. Another broad category that emerged from the responses was that of `pedagogical' vs.\ `authoritative'; see Section \ref{sec:results} for more details.

The analysis for the ranking and explaining tasks entailed capturing all \textcolor{black}{responses} and identifying incorrect ranking sequences, for the former question, and, for the latter question, capturing responses and assigning scores for the given explanations using an `incorrect/partially correct/correct' metric.  The analysis for the remaining questions entailed simply capturing multiple-choice responses.
\section{Results} \label{sec:results}
At the time of writing, analysis of the NIAQ data is ongoing; full results and associated analyses will be presented in one or more separate papers. Below we simply sketch a few of our (preliminary) findings.

Pre- to post-course, significant gains were seen in the pre-service teachers' ability to provide brief explanations of astronomical objects (stars, planets, and so on), as well as to provide detailed explanations of more complex concepts (e.g.\ the fact that the Earth remains in a stable orbit around the sun rather than spirals into it). \textcolor{black}{They} also appeared to develop a more nuanced view of the nature of astronomy, though further analysis is required before definitive conclusions can be drawn. \textcolor{black}{On the other hand, a striking lack of improvement was noted for the middle school students: on all aspects of questions 5a and 5b, the scores of the year 10 students were either statistically identical to or even slightly lower than those of their year 8 counterparts. This may be attributable to students forgetting what they learnt in their astronomy module or not learning much in the first place, or to the possibility that the NIAQ questions targeted different knowledge to that covered in the astronomy module. Detailed analysis of module content is necessary before further conclusions can be drawn.}

Concerning student views on physics and astronomy, increases were observed in the pre-service teachers' opinions on (i) how interesting, and (ii) how important to society physics and astronomy are, and (iii) how much there is left to discover in these fields; these gains were not, however, statistically significant. Nevertheless, all of the aforesaid opinions started from a high baseline, the average in all cases being between $3.5$ and $4.5$ out of $5$. \textcolor{black}{Our finding for the middle school students was the same: opinions started from similarly high baselines, and did not change significantly pre- to post-instruction.}

Given the weak knowledge of astronomical distance scales presented elsewhere in the literature \citep[see, e.g.,][]{trumper2001,Trumper:2001b}, we were not surprised to find that sizeable numbers of middle school students held incorrect views about sizes and distances in the universe. For example, both before and after instruction, a large number thought that the radius of the Earth is smaller than the height of the Earth's atmosphere ($>55\%$), that the Pole star is contained within the Solar System ($>60\%$), and that planets are larger than stars ($>40\%$). \textcolor{black}{Moreover, the students' performance was significantly stratified along gender lines, with female students scoring on average $15$--$20\%$ lower (depending on which metric was used to grade the ranking tasks) than the male students. Though these and other incorrect views were present also in our sample of pre-service teachers, they fared better pre-instruction (prevalence of $30\%$, $40\%$ and $15\%$, respectively, for the aforesaid incorrect ideas), and showed more significant improvements post-instruction (prevalence of $20\%$, $25\%$ and $8\%$, respectively).}

An unexpected finding was that on questions where the pre-service teachers were asked to `write a detailed account' of what they would say to three year 10 students taking differing positions on various topics (the Big Bang as a theory; astronomy vs.\ astrology), the pre-service teachers exhibited a marked drop in \textcolor{black}{pedagogical} responses pre- to post-instruction. Any indication in a response that the pre-service teacher considered the hypothetical students was categorized as \emph{pedagogical}, whereas all other responses, focusing only on a factual answer to the scientific question, were categorized as \emph{authoritative}. Pre-instruction,  more than a third responded in a pedagogical manner, displaying a clear focus on helping students learn and a willingness to admit deficiencies in their own knowledge; post-instruction, however, fewer than $10\%$ of responses exhibited such characteristics, with the remaining majority giving \textcolor{black}{authoritative} responses (regardless of scientific compatibility), not even making any reference to the hypothetical students.

A pre-course question that was previously found \citep{Rajpaul2014} to be a good predictor of post-course success, viz.\ question 5b, where students were asked to provide simple explanations of a few astronomical objects, was in our study also found to be a statistically significant predictor of post-course success for the pre-service teachers, as measured both by post-course performance on the NIAQ and post-course Force Concept Inventory \citep{hestenes1992} scores. (\textcolor{black}{To help identify such predictors, we developed numeric encoding schemes for responses to all questions; we then examined systematically the correlation coefficients between responses for all possible pairs of questions.}) Question 8, concerning the reason the Earth orbits rather than spirals into the sun, also turned out (unsurprisingly, perhaps) to be a strong predictor of post-course FCI scores. Also of note was the finding that the pre-service teachers' scores on the different components of the aforementioned explaining task (i.e.\ scores for all individual objects) were remarkably similar to those of the diverse sample of South African students studied by \citet{Rajpaul2014}. This suggests the possibility of consistency in students' understanding of certain astronomical objects (stars, planets, galaxies, and so on) across national, linguistic, and cultural boundaries.

Finally, we found that both pre- and post-instruction, a large fraction ($>80\%$) of pre-service teachers stated that they believed it was possible or even very likely that life existed elsewhere in the universe, with many explicitly citing the existence of extrasolar planets (about a third pre-course, and more than two-thirds post-course) as one of the factors that bolstered their belief in this possibility.  This could be ascribed to the significant coverage exoplanets have enjoyed in recent years in popular media.
\section{Discussion and conclusions} \label{sec:discuss}

This short paper has served to introduce the NIAQ, an instrument adapted from the IAQ and administered to pre-service teachers and middle school students in Norway.

The exercise of translating from English into Norwegian and vice versa highlighted how a direct translation (with a fixation on the word level) is often neither culturally correct nor linguistically appropriate. Although the lack of a true `direct translation' introduces one extra level of interpretation into the analysis, it also strengthened the analysis by revealing how much implicit interpretation must be made when trying to infer the intended meaning from the actual words that respondents put down on paper.

The NIAQ has proven to be a rich source of data, and has provided useful and sometimes unexpected insights into issues pertaining to students learning astronomy and physics in Norway. For example, our finding about the drop in pre-service teachers' \textcolor{black}{pedagogical} behavior, with a corresponding move towards \textcolor{black}{authoritative} responses, is of particular concern given that these future teachers might na\"ively be expected to adopt pedagogically sound approaches to explaining content or concepts to their future students. Further study of this phenomenon is warranted. We also identified potentially serious issues relating to middle school students' conceptions of size and distances in the universe, with significant stratification along gender lines. Though not as prevalent, the issues related to size and distances also manifested in our sample of pre-service teachers. On a more positive note, however, we identified some early predictors of post-course success for the pre-service teachers, which could in future be used to identify students requiring special teaching intervention.

Despite the limitations of the instrument, we were able to probe three broad areas relating to student engagement with astronomy; and though the analysis of free-response writing was a labor-intensive and time-consuming exercise, it was clear that such a wealth of information could not have been obtained with a multiple-choice format alone.

A more detailed analysis of the results of the NIAQ will be the focus of future work.

\begin{acknowledgments}
The authors thank Hilde Midtg{\aa}rd Stephansen and Ina Camilla Lauvli Engan for feedback on the wording of the NIAQ, \textcolor{black}{and thank the anonymous referees for constructive comments that helped improve the paper}. V.R.\ and M.C.E.\ are grateful to the Rhodes Trust for financial support, which made this work possible; V.R.\ further acknowledges the American Association of Physics Teachers and the National Research Foundation of South Africa for financial support.
\end{acknowledgments}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Game Info Player Info Contact Site Source World Map Quest Info
User: B1ade
Class: Blade
Admin?: No
Next level: 0 days, 02:47:50
Host: [email protected]
Account Created: Wed Feb 16 09:04:35 2011
Last login: Wed Feb 16 09:04:35 2011
Total time idled: 4 days, 07:38:33
Current position: [336,438]
Alignment: Neutral
XML: [link]
amulet: 36
boots: 14
charm: 21
gloves: 22
helm: 31
leggings: 24
ring: 29
shield: 21
tunic: 44
weapon: 18
sum: 260
kick: None
logout: None
mesg: None
nick: None
part: None
quest: 0 days, 00:34:16
quit: 0 days, 00:16:59
total: 0 days, 00:51:15
Character Modifiers
[02/16/11 07:26:13] B1ade [1/4] has challenged moses [301/656] in combat and lost! 0 days, 00:01:04 is added to B1ade's clock.
[02/16/11 08:35:27] B1ade [16/20] has challenged deathadder [159/500] in combat and lost! 0 days, 00:01:56 is added to B1ade's clock.
[02/16/11 10:02:48] B1ade [30/42] has challenged APimpNamedIdle [115/369] in combat and lost! 0 days, 00:02:39 is added to B1ade's clock.
[02/16/11 11:27:34] B1ade [40/55] has challenged APimpNamedIdle [48/369] in combat and lost! 0 days, 00:03:34 is added to B1ade's clock.
[02/16/11 15:39:57] Wulfric [255/357] has challenged B1ade [60/90] in combat and won! 0 days, 03:17:00 is removed from Wulfric's clock.
[02/16/11 17:40:33] delcik, dontuwishhh, dfx, and Kashoxide [2496/2816] have team battled B1ade, TommyG, APimpNamedIdle, and steam [833/2014] and won! 0 days, 06:22:47 is removed from their clocks.
[02/16/11 23:44:50] B1ade [25/153] has challenged steam [466/512] in combat and lost! 0 days, 00:13:25 is added to B1ade's clock.
[02/17/11 01:00:53] B1ade was rejuvenated by drinking from a magic stream! This wondrous godsend has accelerated them 0 days, 00:12:36 towards level 20.
[02/17/11 05:48:00] B1ade [85/179] has challenged ArchangeL [294/584] in combat and lost! 0 days, 00:15:48 is added to B1ade's clock.
[02/17/11 14:11:24] B1ade [180/207] has challenged Bukkake [652/708] in combat and lost! 0 days, 00:24:18 is added to B1ade's clock.
[02/17/11 19:39:28] B1ade [83/207] has challenged Finger|Fat [329/861] in combat and lost! 0 days, 00:31:42 is added to B1ade's clock.
[02/18/11 02:03:32] B1ade [58/223] has challenged Sandman [389/595] in combat and lost! 0 days, 00:32:41 is added to B1ade's clock.
[02/18/11 09:31:27] B1ade [153/223] has challenged dfx [40/558] in combat and won! 0 days, 01:15:51 is removed from B1ade's clock.
[02/18/11 16:09:45] B1ade [148/232] has challenged ngage [508/612] in combat and lost! 0 days, 00:49:30 is added to B1ade's clock.
[02/19/11 02:17:50] B1ade [135/232] has challenged citylink [47/223] in combat and won! 0 days, 00:51:02 is removed from B1ade's clock.
[02/19/11 07:18:24] astropoin [72/598] has challenged B1ade [123/232] in combat and lost! 1 day, 16:02:48 is added to astropoin's clock.
[02/19/11 12:04:48] B1ade [142/248] has challenged steam [145/512] in combat and lost! 0 days, 00:59:12 is added to B1ade's clock.
[02/20/11 01:35:15] B1ade [53/260] has challenged TonY [582/777] in combat and lost! 0 days, 01:17:15 is added to B1ade's clock.
[02/20/11 04:38:09] Finger|Fat [581/861] has challenged B1ade [148/260] in combat and won! 1 day, 08:05:43 is removed from Finger|Fat's clock.
[02/20/11 11:55:47] PaDrO [387/651] has challenged B1ade [239/260] in combat and won! 3 days, 02:07:32 is removed from PaDrO's clock.
Questions? Comments? Suggestions? Bugs? Naked pics? loki AT p2p-network DOT net or on irc Loki @ irc.p2p-network.net 53739 hits since Dec 16, 2019
Hosted and Protected by: Staminus Communications


CAN BE ONE WHOLE HOUSE OR SPLIT INTO 3 or 4 VIA PATIO/HALLWAY.
FRONT HOUSE HAS A FRONT TERRACE, THREE BEDROOMS AND 3 BATHROOMS(2 ENSUITE)-ONE BEDROOM ENSUITE IS UPSTAIRS. BIG DINING ROOM WITH FIREPLACE. BIG LIVING ROOM WITH FIREPLACE AND ENTRANCE TO PATIO . BIG KITCHEN.
REAR HOUSE HAS A BIG TERRACE, AN ANNEX WITH A BATHROOM(ADAPTED FOR WHEELCHAIRS ETC), A BIG DOUBLE BEDROOM AND ANOTHER ROOM BEING USED AS DINING ROOM/KITCHEN.THE SECOND ANNEX HAS AN INDEPENDENT KITCHEN, A DOWNSTAIRS BATHROOM,A LIVING ROOM WITH CHIMNEY AND A STAIRCASE UP TO ANOTHER BEDROOM AND SEPARATE BATHROOM.
PLUS: across the lane, anothe rindependent house with 3 beds, 2 baths and a solarium!! Could be your house while renting out the other properties to paying guests!!
Only a few minutes drive from the nearest village, with doctor and infant school: La Pinilla, or 5 minutes from village with big supermarket, bank, primary school. summer swimming pool etc(LAS PALAS) Only 10 minutes from the main town, and town hall, FUENTE ALAMO de MURCIA with golf course, secondary schools, weekly market, 3 big supermarkets etc.


text:
Relativity TV Sold at Auction for $125 Million to Senior Lenders
Court documents show stalking-horse group reduced bid amount to solely purchase television assets
Matt Donnelly | October 3, 2015 @ 11:00 AM
A stalking-horse group of Relativity Media's senior lenders won the studio's successful television division at auction this week, taking Thomas Forman's department for $125 million.
The amount is half of what was expected from the lenders — Anchorage Capital, Falcon Investments and Luxor Capital — who had entered a $250 million bid in August for all of Relativity's bankrupt assets, including film and music.
"The amendment reduced the Stalking Horse Bidder's $250 million credit bid for substantially all of the Debtors' assets to a $125 million credit bid for the purchase of only the Relativity television business," documents said. "The Debtors intend for the remainder of the Debtors' assets to form the basis of a plan of reorganization."
Also Read: Relativity Drama Ratchets Up as Ryan Kavanaugh Bids for His Bankrupt Company
Relativity TV — which has hits like MTV's "Catfish: The TV Show" and CBS' scripted drama "Limitless" — brought in a $96.6 million in revenues in 2014, and has managed to exceed projections since the company's bankruptcy filing, earning $22 million in the last two months.
While the stalking-horse group has consistently expressed a "vested interest" in all the assets, one individual familiar with the group's thinking told TheWrap they consider the TV assets the "crown jewel" in the studio's portfolio. Forman's division might also fit nicely with other entertainment companies in the senior lenders' portfolios; Anchorage has a major stake in MGM.
As TheWrap reported Thursday, company chairman and CEO Ryan Kavanaugh made a stunning comeback in the bankruptcy process — having ironed out a new deal to reclaim all of his studio minus the TV property.
Also Read: 'The Crow' in Danger of Losing Director Corin Hardy Due to Relativity Bankruptcy
Kavanaugh has assembled a group of friends and previously interested investors to help him recapitalize the remainder of his nine-year-old baby: Ron Burkle and his Yucaipa Investments, Elliot Management and Catalyst Capital — which nearly helped Relativity avoid bankruptcy back in July with an infusion of cash that was thwarted when the senior lenders in the stalking-horse group exercised an option to acquire the majority debt.
It's currently unknown how much capital Kavanaugh has raised, nor if it will be enough to sway the approval of the court. Sale terms go before U.S. Bankruptcy Court Judge Michael Wiles on Monday in New York.
Ryan Kavanaugh's Orphans: 7 Relativity Movies Now Up in the Air (Photos)
Star-studded properties now in limbo include "Masterminds," "Autobahn" and "Jane Got a Gun."
"Jane Got a Gun" (2015)
The movie, still set for September 4 release, stars Natalie Portman, Ewan McGregor and Rodrigo Santoro. It's about a woman who asks her ex-lover for help to save her outlaw husband from being killed.
Also Read: Relativity, Weinstein Co. Negotiating to Acquire Troubled 'Jane Got a Gun'
Before I Wake (2015)
The film, starring Kate Bosworth, is currently slated for September 25. It's about a couple's child whose dreams manifest physically as he sleeps.
Also Read: Mike Flanagan's 'Somnia' Gets New Title: 'Before I Wake'
The Disappointments Room (2015)
Kate Beckinsale and Gerald McRaney star in the horror film about a mother and her son with unimaginable horrors in their attic. Also slated for September 25 release, the film was produced Relativity produced along with Demarest Films.
Also Read: Mel Raido to Star Opposite Kate Beckinsale in Thriller 'The Disappointments Room' (Exclusive)
Masterminds (2015)
Kristin Wiig, Owen Wilson, Jason Sudeikis and Zach Galifianakis star in the comedy with a October 9 release date. It follows a night guard at an armored car company who organizes one of the biggest bank heists in American history.
Also Read: Zach Galifianakis Punches Kristen Wiig in Relativity's 'Masterminds' Trailer (Video)
The Bronze (2015)
Melissa Rauch wrote and stars in the film about a gymnastic bronze medalist who must regain her reputation when a new athlete comes to town. Relativity bought the film at this year's Sundance Film Festival for $3 million; it now has a October 16 release date.
Also Read: Sundance: 'The Bronze' Star Melissa Rauch on Crazy Sex Scene: 'I've Been Training For That My Whole Life' (Video)
Autobahn (2015)
Felicity Jones, Ben Kingsley and Nicholas Hoult star in the thriller about an American backpacker who gets involved with a ring of drug smugglers. It's supposedly set for Oct. 30 release.
Also Read: Nicholas Hoult-Felicity Jones Thriller 'Autobahn' Acquired by Relativity (Photo)
Kidnap (2016)
Halle Berry stars as a mother who will stop at nothing to find her kidnapped son. The movie is in postproduction and its release date was recently pushed back to February 26.
Also Read: Relativity Moves Halle Berry Thriller 'Kidnap' to 2016 in Midst of Financial Crisis
As the studio fights for its life, films starring Kristin Wiig, Nicholas Hoult, Natalie Portman and others face uncertainty


text:
WITCH'S SISTER
by Phyllis Reynolds Naylor ‧ RELEASE DATE: March 12, 1975
Lynn is sure that her sister Judith, who spends a mysterious lot of time taking sewing lessons from morbid old Mrs. Tuggle on the hill, is a witch, and when the girls' parents take a weekend trip, calling in Mrs. Tuggle as resident sitter, on just the night that witches are said to take the blood of infants for their spells, Lynn is terrified for her little brother Stevie. The circumstantial evidence mounts, culminating in a midnight struggle — but when Mother, a writer, returns, she tells of an ending she has invented for the story that Lynn's suspicions have inspired: "At the very end, in a horribly scary scene with the old woman and Ann (Lynn) alone together, their two shadows mingling in the light of the candle, Ann discovers that it is not really Elsie (Judith) after all who is becoming a witch, but she herself; and when she looks in the mirror, she sees instead the face of the old woman." An underhanded way perhaps to work a trick ending the author herself would reject into a story that had to have one, but it does get the point across to Lynn — and to readers who will at times be half convinced that she's right.
Pub Date: March 12, 1975
Publisher: Atheneum
Review Posted Online: Oct. 26, 2011
Kirkus Reviews Issue: March 1, 1975
Categories: CHILDREN'S MYSTERY & THRILLER
Good Guys and Bad get just deserts in the end, and Stanley gets plenty of opportunities to display pluck and valor in this...
by Louis Sachar ‧ RELEASE DATE: Sept. 1, 1998
Sentenced to a brutal juvenile detention camp for a crime he didn't commit, a wimpy teenager turns four generations of bad family luck around in this sunburnt tale of courage, obsession, and buried treasure from Sachar (Wayside School Gets a Little Stranger, 1995, etc.).
Driven mad by the murder of her black beau, a schoolteacher turns on the once-friendly, verdant town of Green Lake, Texas, becomes feared bandit Kissin' Kate Barlow, and dies, laughing, without revealing where she buried her stash. A century of rainless years later, lake and town are memories—but, with the involuntary help of gangs of juvenile offenders, the last descendant of the last residents is still digging. Enter Stanley Yelnats IV, great-grandson of one of Kissin' Kate's victims and the latest to fall to the family curse of being in the wrong place at the wrong time; under the direction of The Warden, a woman with rattlesnake venom polish on her long nails, Stanley and each of his fellow inmates dig a hole a day in the rock-hard lake bed. Weeks of punishing labor later, Stanley digs up a clue, but is canny enough to conceal the information of which hole it came from. Through flashbacks, Sachar weaves a complex net of hidden relationships and well-timed revelations as he puts his slightly larger-than-life characters under a sun so punishing that readers will be reaching for water bottles.
Good Guys and Bad get just deserts in the end, and Stanley gets plenty of opportunities to display pluck and valor in this rugged, engrossing adventure. (Fiction. 9-13)
Publisher: Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Categories: CHILDREN'S SOCIAL THEMES | CHILDREN'S MYSTERY & THRILLER
More by Louis Sachar
WAYSIDE SCHOOL BENEATH THE CLOUD OF DOOM
by Louis Sachar ; illustrated by Tim Heitz
FUZZY MUD
by Louis Sachar
THE CARDTURNER
A riveting novel that will have readers rooting for its star.
by Rick Riordan ; illustrated by Lavanya Naidu ‧ RELEASE DATE: Oct. 5, 2021
A teenager faces seemingly insurmountable challenges in this riveting modern-day spinoff of Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea.
For Ana Dakkar and her fellow ninth graders at Harding-Pencroft Academy, there is nothing more momentous than the weekend trials each student must ace at the end of freshman year. Students who fail to showcase their survival skills are asked to leave the academy, a heavily guarded place Ana has thought of as home since the mysterious deaths of her parents. Though Ana's brother, Dev, is a senior, what happens at trials is such a closely guarded secret that no one in her year knows what to expect. While her group is out on the water for their trials, Harding-Pencroft is demolished in an attack orchestrated by a rival school. As Ana and her classmates discover that the events depicted in Jules Verne's classic novels were real, Riordan's lifelong love of the source material is clear—especially when Ana learns information that will help her find a way to protect the group. A foreword by Roshani Chokshi introduces this adventure that is both great entertainment and centers a well-developed protagonist who is thoughtfully shown dealing with loss. Ana is of Bundeli Indian descent, and her group of peers, who are diverse in various ways, experience losses and struggles of their own. (Final illustrations not seen.)
A riveting novel that will have readers rooting for its star. (Harding-Pencroft Academy guide, cast list) (Adventure. 10-14)
Categories: CHILDREN'S ACTION & ADVENTURE FICTION | CHILDREN'S MYSTERY & THRILLER | CHILDREN'S SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
More by Rick Riordan
edited by Rick Riordan
by Rick Riordan


Keith Bontrager famously said: "Light, strong, cheap: pick two." Well, these carbon wheels—sporting a 35mm cross section and a wide, 19.5mm rim bed laced to fast-engaging, Centerlock-compatible Bontrager hubs—challenge that maxim.
Always flatting? These tires are a more durable option for training or adventuring, with a bead-to-bead puncture protection belt. They are available in six sizes from 23mm up to a monster 40mm in both clincher and tubeless versions.
This saddle bag is that finishing touch that completes your dream bike. Made from waterproof polyester that is bluesign certified (meaning it meets environmental safety standards), the Isle of Wight holds its shape and has a double-zip flap to make access a breeze.
The AK-3 has the necessities like hex and cone wrenches, cable cutters, and a tape measure, with additional niceties like bottom bracket tools, cleaning brushes, and an adjustable spanner for older-style headsets or larger fittings.
The Stem Caddy puts your point and shoot—and other necessities—right in front of you. Three straps secure it to your bar and head tube on either side of your stem.


These bakery bags are made of 100% virgin Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) resin that meets FDA/USDA specifications. Bags are mounted 250 per 5" heavy wire wicket for fast and easy manual loading. Bottom gusseted to provide extra space and neat presentation of products. Can be heat sealed, tied, stapled or taped shut.
Cast Polypropylene bakery bags are the "upgraded" version of standard poly bags. They are made from crystal clear, 1 mil CPP (cast polypropylene). Our CPP bakery bags are FDA approved for direct food contact & are hot-pinned with wicket holes for ease of handling & machinability. Perfect bread bags or bakery packaging of buns, rolls or bagels.
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text:
Christopher Wanjek
Christopher Wanjek is a U.S.-based science writer and the author of two previous science books, Bad Medicine (Wiley & Sons, 2003) and Food at Work (ILO, 2005). He has written more than 500 newspaper, magazine, and website articles for outlets such as the Washington Post, Sky & Telescope, Astronomy, Mercury, and, most extensively, Live Science. From 1998 to 2006, Wanjek worked at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, where he held the envious title of Senior Writer for the Structure and Evolution of the Universe. His Food at Work book and project was commissioned by the U.N.'s International Labor Organization. This project documents how meals, or the lack thereof, are a health, safety and productivity issue for workers in all countries, rich or poor. The book has been presented in more than 20 countries and has led to the passage of laws to support worker meal programs. Wanjek holds a master's degree in environmental health from Harvard School of Public Health and a bachelor's degree in journalism from Temple University. He lives with his wife and daughter in Baltimore, a quiet hamlet in Maryland close to the U.S. capital.
Recent articles by Christopher Wanjek
Move over, Mars: why we should look further afield for future human colonies


text:
Leverage between the Buffering Effect and the Bystander Effect in Social Networking
Yu Ping Chiu, Shu Chen Chang*
This study examined encouraged and inhibited social feedback behaviors based on the theories of the buffering effect and the bystander effect. A system program was used to collect personal data and social feedback from a Facebook data set to test the research model. The results revealed that the buffering effect induced a positive relationship between social network size and feedback gained from friends when people's social network size was under a certain cognitive constraint. For people with a social network size that exceeds this cognitive constraint, the bystander effect may occur, in which having more friends may inhibit social feedback. In this study, two social psychological theories were applied to explain social feedback behavior on Facebook, and it was determined that social network size and social feedback exhibited no consistent linear relationship.
Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking
https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2014.0377
Published - 2015 Aug 1
10.1089/cyber.2014.0377
Dive into the research topics of 'Leverage between the Buffering Effect and the Bystander Effect in Social Networking'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Bystander Effect Medicine & Life Sciences 100%
Social Networking Medicine & Life Sciences 81%
networking Social Sciences 61%
social network Social Sciences 36%
facebook Social Sciences 22%
Psychological Theory Medicine & Life Sciences 17%
Social Theory Medicine & Life Sciences 15%
Chiu, Y. P., & Chang, S. C. (2015). Leverage between the Buffering Effect and the Bystander Effect in Social Networking. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 18(8), 450-456. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2014.0377
Leverage between the Buffering Effect and the Bystander Effect in Social Networking. / Chiu, Yu Ping; Chang, Shu Chen.
In: Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, Vol. 18, No. 8, 01.08.2015, p. 450-456.
Chiu, YP & Chang, SC 2015, 'Leverage between the Buffering Effect and the Bystander Effect in Social Networking', Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, vol. 18, no. 8, pp. 450-456. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2014.0377
Chiu YP, Chang SC. Leverage between the Buffering Effect and the Bystander Effect in Social Networking. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking. 2015 Aug 1;18(8):450-456. doi: 10.1089/cyber.2014.0377
Chiu, Yu Ping ; Chang, Shu Chen. / Leverage between the Buffering Effect and the Bystander Effect in Social Networking. In: Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking. 2015 ; Vol. 18, No. 8. pp. 450-456.
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title = "Leverage between the Buffering Effect and the Bystander Effect in Social Networking",
abstract = "This study examined encouraged and inhibited social feedback behaviors based on the theories of the buffering effect and the bystander effect. A system program was used to collect personal data and social feedback from a Facebook data set to test the research model. The results revealed that the buffering effect induced a positive relationship between social network size and feedback gained from friends when people's social network size was under a certain cognitive constraint. For people with a social network size that exceeds this cognitive constraint, the bystander effect may occur, in which having more friends may inhibit social feedback. In this study, two social psychological theories were applied to explain social feedback behavior on Facebook, and it was determined that social network size and social feedback exhibited no consistent linear relationship.",
author = "Chiu, {Yu Ping} and Chang, {Shu Chen}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.",
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journal = "Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking",
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AU - Chang, Shu Chen
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AB - This study examined encouraged and inhibited social feedback behaviors based on the theories of the buffering effect and the bystander effect. A system program was used to collect personal data and social feedback from a Facebook data set to test the research model. The results revealed that the buffering effect induced a positive relationship between social network size and feedback gained from friends when people's social network size was under a certain cognitive constraint. For people with a social network size that exceeds this cognitive constraint, the bystander effect may occur, in which having more friends may inhibit social feedback. In this study, two social psychological theories were applied to explain social feedback behavior on Facebook, and it was determined that social network size and social feedback exhibited no consistent linear relationship.
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Plant-powered Men is free this weekend!
Exciting news! This weekend, Plant-powered Men will be free to download from Amazon (the Kindle version). Please share this news with as many people as possible, especially anyone who is curious about taking the vegan plunge. You don't need a Kindle to be able to read it. There is an App on the page that you can use to read the book on your computer or tablet.
I would love as many people as possible to take the opportunity to download Plant-powered Men for free and share it with their friends and networks.
The aim of putting together Plant-powered Men was to create a resource that would give people who wanted to go vegan, the encouragement and inspiration to go for it. The feedback we have received so far has been amazing. The men who wrote for the book are truly giving people the courage and inspiration they need to go vegan!
The book will be free on Saturday 28th September and Sunday 29th September 2013, USA time. After these dates it reverts to the usual (but very affordable) price of $8.80.
Please feel free to share this news with your entire universe of friends, family, networks, neighbours and work colleagues and anyone else I haven't mentioned.
Have a great (Plant-Powered) weekend!
Tags: plant-powered men, vegan, vegan health, vegan men, vegetarian, vegetarian men. Bookmark the permalink.


text:
Monette's Musings > Uncategorized > De-Can't The I Can't, Part I of III
Posted: 14. 11. 2010 | Author: monette | Category: Uncategorized
By Monette Benoit, All Rights Reserved.
Part I: This November/December column was prompted after listening to an experienced court reporter express their "current mindset" during private coaching and tutoring.
The court reporter, with vast experience, said, "I can't do that. There can't be no opportunities."
I was unclear if this was a comical statement or personal observation.
When the sentence was defined, at my request, the court reporter stated, "That's really my opinion. But I really believe I can't!"
My reply was a simple, "Hmm. How's that?"
This professional then listed a bucket of reasons and detailed explanations. Sentence after sentence began "I can't …"
Due to "precise listening" in our court reporting field, we know there are high-frequency words and phrases.
We know that all court reporting students are taught the phrase "I can't" in a brief form.
As the holidays approach, I invite you to focus on the number of times you (I will include myself here) use the "I can't" phrase.
What does this have to do with our work, our path?
The "I can't" phrase is used with technology (yes, we are experiencing rapid changes). And we incorporate "I can't" into our work, schooling, and personal life.
Why does this phrase matter now? My professional and personal opinion is that when we focus on the words we frequently verbalize, we discover roadmaps into our world. A roadmap into our world will often define our goals, too.
I am not suggesting that we avoid the words "I can't."
I am simplifying a possibility wherein we open a new focus into our verbal programming.
I am suggesting an opportunity to retune the wording.
Within my world, there have been moments when individuals ask "What do you do?"
I have been known to answer, "I have a degree in listening." (This question is not asked by court reporters.)
Individuals who listened to my answer often finish the sentence for me with their words, and their opinions, while I listen.
Today, a gentleman phoned my office.
He defined his position as "IT" and said, "I need to ask you questions about All American RealTime/Captioning Services, Inc. I've researched you on the net. I have a two-page list here."
Part I of III is posted November 14, 2010, on Monette's Musings at www.monettebenoit.com and www.CRRbooks.com
Part II of III is posted December 2, 2010, on Monette's Musings at www.monettebenoit.com and www.CRRbooks.com
Part III of III is posted December 15, 2010, on Monette's Musings at www.monettebenoit.com and www.CRRbooks.com
—-Monette, named the Court Reporting Whisperer by students, may be reached: Monette.purplebooks@CRRbooks.com
Purple Books – Court Reporter Reference Books & CDs: www.CRRbooks.com * Advance skills, pass NCRA and State exams the 1st time
Monette Benoit, B. B.A., CCR, CRI, CPE, Paralegal, CART Captioner, Instructor, Consultant, Columnist
Since 1990: Multiple Title Author of Books & Purple Books Test Prep for the Court Reporting, CART Captioning Profession
An American RealTime/Captioning Services, LLC: www.ARTCS.com Blog: Monette's Musings, www.monettebenoit.com
Have you failed NCRA's RPR, RDR, or a State exam? More than once? Purple Books "Done in One" has a 98% successful pass rate on exams with sets as evidenced by thousands of students and professionals who pass their RPR, CSR, and RDR exams on the first test. Testimonials: www.CRRbooks.com.
Reach Your Goals: http://crrbooks.com/index.php?cPath=29 Where do you want to go? Specific custom-designed guidance will efficiently assist you!
About Monette Benoit: As a 30+ year court reporter, CART captioner, author of NCRA and State test-prep material, instructor, public speaker, Monette Benoit has taught multiple theories, academics, all speed classes, and 225-homeroom within NCRA-approved schools and a community college. She understands challenges many adults face in our industry.
In 1993, she began to CART caption to a large screen for a Deaf mass, San Antonio, Texas. Wonderful opportunities then presented from Big D, Little D, Oral Deaf, HOH consumers -each with special moments.
Monette Benoit has worked with thousands of professionals, court reporters, CART captioners, students, instructors. She has helped to create new court reporting training programs, worked with federal grants, and assisted instructors in developing curriculum for both in-class and at-home students.
Her one-on-one tutoring, private coaching, has assisted thousands of students, novice and experienced professionals to reach the next level.
Monette's Musings is an informative, motivational, and funny blog for busy professionals and students who seek to create their success and who seek to enjoy this special path.


I would like to share with you about my understanding about the concept of team project.The reason why I do this is that I have just had a misunderstanding and an unpleasant experience in team project of citavi several weeks ago which seems to only be availble in a single computer. That is to say every team member will have to be confined to a certain space range and they most probably have to improve their work separately.
I suggest that you should consider team project as a Internet group with privacy. The member of the gruop could change the project together in a local network anytime and anywhere and the project is of course saved and renewed in the internet as the members go on. Basically this group concept is somewhat like a social group(Say,wikipedia) where people can discuss and argue with each other at the meantime the data of members' improvements in the team project will be saved in the internet backup.
b) every team member has access to this drive.
If two people want to change the project simultaneously, they have to have access to the same file at the same time. Via internet, this works only if windows takes care of the file, via the protocol SMB/CIFS. That is the reason why a solution like dropbox is not working, because with dropbox you always work with a local copy of the file.
Editing a Wikipedia article is comparably simple, because it consists of a plain text file. Even if two people edit the same article at the same time, their version simply gets a different number, and it is easy to merge them. This is not possible with a database like a citavi project.
We are aware of this limitation and we are working on a more flexible solution. I cannot tell you yet when it will be available, but in the meantime you have to use a windows network drive all team members have access to via the internet (ie. via a vpn connection) if you want to simultaneously edit a team project.


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Mets Acquire All-Star Francisco Lindor and RHP Carlos Carrasco from Cleveland
FLUSHING, N.Y., January 7, 2021 – The New York Mets today announced that they have acquired four-time All-Star shortstop Francisco Lindor and RHP Carlos Carrasco from Cleveland in exchange for infielder Amed Rosario, infielder Andrés Giménez, minor league RHP Josh Wolf and minor league outfielder Isaiah Greene. Lindor, 27, is
FLUSHING, N.Y., January 7, 2021 – The New York Mets today announced that they have acquired four-time All-Star shortstop Francisco Lindor and RHP Carlos Carrasco from Cleveland in exchange for infielder Amed Rosario, infielder Andrés Giménez, minor league RHP Josh Wolf and minor league outfielder Isaiah Greene.
Lindor, 27, is a four-time All-Star (2016-2019), a two-time Gold Glove Award winner (2016, 2019), including the American League Platinum Glove for the best overall defender in 2016 and a two-time Silver Slugger (2017, 2018).
The 5-11, 190-pounder ranks third in the majors with 258 extra-base hits since 2017. He ranks third in runs scored (359), fifth in hits (592), tied for 12th in homers (111) and 17th in stolen bases (68) during that span.
Lindor finished in the top 15 in the American League Most Valuable Player voting each year from 2016-2019. Since 2016, Lindor has a 47.6 UZR (Ultimate Zone Rating) according to _FanGraphs_, which is the third-highest rating among all players behind Mookie Betts and Andrelton Simmons.
Lindor has slashed .285/.346/.488 with 191 doubles, 138 homers, 411 RBI and 99 stolen bases in 777 games during his six-year career with Cleveland.
Carrasco, 33, led the American League with 18 wins in 2017. The 6-4, 224-pounder was diagnosed with leukemia in 2019. He returned to the field that same season becoming the AL Comeback Player of the Year. Carrasco also earned the prestigious Roberto Clemente Award in 2019 for his philanthropic efforts.
He was seventh in the AL with a 2.91 ERA over 12 starts in 2020 and was sixth with 82 strikeouts in 68.0 innings of work. Carrasco has also finished in the top 10 in ERA in 2017 (sixth – 3.29) and 2018 (eighth – 3.38) and in the top 10 in strikeouts in 2015 (fifth – 216), 2017 (fifth – 226) and 2018 (fourth – 231).
Since 2015, Carrasco is tied for 10th in the majors with 69 wins, 11th in strikeouts (1,001) and 15th in ERA (3.54 – minimum 800 innings).
Carrasco is 88-73 with a 3.77 ERA and 1,305 strikeouts in 242 games, 195 starts during his 11-year major league career with Cleveland.
Rosario, 25, hit .268 with 63 doubles, 32 homers and 148 RBI in 403 games with the Mets from 2017-2020.
Gimenez, 22, batted .263 with three doubles, three homers and 12 RBI in 49 games last year in his first year in the majors.
Wolf, 20, was selected by the Mets in the second-round of the 2019 First-Year Player Draft and Greene, 19, was the 69th overall pick from the 2020 First-Year Player Draft.


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Blog HomeDirectors
Behind the Screen with Laura Baumeister
By Popflick Team08/10/2022
Director Laura Baumeister studied at Centro de Capacitación Cinematográfica (CCC) in Mexico City. With more than six award winning short films under her direction, Laura has now completed her first feature film La hija de todas las rabias / Daughter of rage, which will premiere at The Toronto International Film Festival followed by an European Premier at the San Sebastian International Film Festival.
In this interview, Laura Baumeister shares her creative process and the challenges of directing her short film Ombligo de Agua which you can stream now on Popflick with your free trial.
How did you start in the cinematographic world?
I started in adolescence when I was invited to participate in a video art workshop. There, I discovered how much I like to tell stories, and since then, I haven't been able to stop. I started professionally when I studied film in Mexico, where I trained practically and theoretically, but the restlessness, the creative seed came with me.
What inspired you to make this short film?
A series of personal experiences that I experienced growing up in Nicaragua. I'm part of a cross-border generation -that's what I like to call it- because we had our first seven years in a "revolutionary" scheme and the next 7 in a "globalized" scheme. You see, Freud says that the cycles are marked in seven periods. In this case, they were very antagonistic, contradictory, and incoherent periods, from my point of view, which generated many gaps and much nonsense that later in late adolescence found an outlet through drugs.
What is your creative process?
I work a lot through images. I love the power they have to evoke things. So, I almost always start with an idea that I'm passionate about, one that I can't stop thinking about-literally- and immediately try to feed it with a visual and musical universe, a bank of inspiration to return to when the road gets heavy or uncertain. Once I have this, I like to start telling the story and see what reactions and impressions it generates, and I almost always do this in parallel with the writing process.
What are some of the considerations with the collaborative nature of filmmaking?
Correct, filmmaking is collaborative by nature; I would dare say that it is the artform that mostly is mostly nurtured by this condition. Having said that, I see collaboration as a very organic process, instinctive and loyal. In my mind, I see an image or a herd; I like to think that everyone on my team functions as a flock, each with an important role inside of the organic function of a team. I alone cannot function without the rest of the herd and vice-versa. As a result, one of the considerations would be to treat your team as if they were an extension of yourself; any cinematography project that you are working on not only will it need you as a director, you will always need a team. You must inspire them, care for them, and nurture this connection to the point of -continuing with my analogy- moving the heard over the field in perfect synchronization, with the trust that each is complemented in the search of a common goal.
What was the hardest artistic choice you made in making this film at any stage in production?
The hardest decision was to remove a specific reference to a specific person in Nicaraguan revolutionary history. I did this because I understood that I could make certain people vulnerable with that act.


Mick was right because as much as I and millions of other people around the world admired Lou Reed and appreciated his great talent, he was indeed a Yank who was a bit odd. But oddness is not exactly a scarcity among us Yanks. And so in keeping with Mick Jagger's assessment regarding the much loved and admired Lou Reed's oddness here are some more Yanks who many feel are a bit odd.
This Yanks's a bit odd.
This Yank's a bit odd.
Got ideas for other peeps who could fall under the category of This Yank's a Bit Odd? Put 'em in the comments.


FULL MOON Battles MARs VENUS THis GOOD FRIDAY!
04-19-2019, 8:37 AM by Aquarian Psychic to Aquarian's Blogcast!
Arriana's Daily Tarot !! Friday April 19th !!!
04-19-2019, 7:39 AM by Mysticalcraft Arriana to Mysticalcraft Arriana's Daily Tarot !
Sun conjuncts Uranus: Unexpected, eclectic twists!
DO YOU NEED RELATIONSHIP PREDICTIONS? Job Problems? Debt? Career Choices?
04-18-2019, 8:25 AM by Aquarian Psychic to Aquarian's Blogcast!
Arriana's Daily Tarot ! Thursday April 18th !!
04-18-2019, 8:20 AM by Mysticalcraft Arriana to Mysticalcraft Arriana's Daily Tarot !


Look no further than Albert's Flowers for birthday gifts! Liven up any birthday party with a festive birthday flowers or surprise them with a cheerful "Happy Birthday" bouquet! We offer birthday flower delivery to Huntsville, AL or nationwide.


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Terms you need to know as Florida moves into contentious recounts in several races
USA TODAY NETWORK - FLORIDA
Here's a guide to help navigate the terms that will be used as Florida enters a contentious and, at times, confusing recount of some of the races from Tuesday's midterm election.
ELECTION DAY COUNT: The number of ballots cast on Election Day.
EARLY IN-PERSON VOTING COUNT: The number of ballots cast during the early voting period before Election Day.
ABSENTEE BALLOT COUNT: The number of absentee ballots mailed in and received by a local election office by 7 p.m. on Election Day.
OVERSEAS MILITARY BALLOT COUNT: The number of absentee ballots from military members and dependents stationed overseas mailed to local election offices. These can be accepted until Nov. 16 as long as they were postmarked no later than Nov. 6 and are added to the vote totals.
RECOUNT: Florida law provides for an automatic recount when a race is particularly close. When the margin between the candidates is equal to or less than .50 percent, the laws provides for an automatic machine recount of the ballots, where county election officials run all the ballots through voting machines again. If the margin in races fall below .25 percent, the law provides for an automatic manual count of ballots where undercounts or overcounts are identified.
UNDERVOTE: Not every voter marks a selection in every race on their ballot. So when one race is skipped or no mark is recorded when the ballot goes through the machine, that's an undervote. But sometimes the machine doesn't properly read the voter's selection because it may not have been clear. The result, as was seen in Florida's Senate race, is that fewer votes are cast in a race than others in the same election. If a review of the ballot identifies a mark the voter made as a selection and the voter's intent can be determined, then it's counted. Democrats now are concerned that a large undervote in the Senate race is the result of machine errors.
OVERVOTE: Some races receive more votes than the actual number of ballots cast in an election, and that creates an overvote. This often happens when voters, either intentionally or accidentally, mark multiple selections in the same race on their ballot. If a voter marks two or more selections in one race, that "true" overvote won't be counted for either selection.
PROVISIONAL BALLOTS: A ballot is marked provisional by a county election official if there are questions about a voter's eligibility. If a voter doesn't have a photo ID when they arrive at a polling place, if there is confusion over where a voter is supposed to cast a ballot, or if an absentee ballot is mailed without a signature, the ballot can be identified as provisional and reviewed by local election officials before that vote is added to the total count. Republicans are concerned that some provisional ballots are being counted that don't qualify.
CANVASSING BOARD: Each of Florida's 67 counties has a canvassing board made up of the supervisor of elections, a county court judge and county commission chair. Each board examines provisional ballots and outstanding absentee ballots to determine if they should be counted.
UNOFFICIAL RESULTS: Each county election office submits counts to the Florida Secretary of State's office from an election showing the number of ballots cast in each race. These results are considered unofficial and continue through the recount process, which means there can be more than one unofficial result reported after each step in the machine and by-hand recounts.
The latest:Votes still being counted in race for governor, senate and ag commissioner
State-wide results: View the latest Florida election results
The current tally according to Associated Press


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JUSLAWS IP
Artistic Works
Advertising Law
Brand & Franchise
Personality Law
Notification of Refusal
Plant Variety Rights
When a company wants to make itself known on the Internet or offer its services and products online, it must register a domain name.
Domain names litigation
The domain name is a distinctive sign for a company that has significant asset value, especially since today the Internet is the most widely used means by consumers to obtain information about a company.
It is therefore necessary for companies, in the same way as trademark law, to take numerous precautions with regard to this new asset, both in terms of the choice of domain name, the registration of the domain name and the life of the domain name by protecting it from all forms of attack by competitors to which it could be subjected, such as cybersquatting or typosquatting.
How to register your domain name?
Before registering its domain name, the company must first choose the domain name it wishes to operate. The domain name regime is similar to that of trademarks in that a domain name is a distinctive sign that allows services, products or a company to be individualized.
As in trademark law, a domain name is therefore likely to infringe prior rights held by third parties, in particular trademarks, company names, trade names but also domain names that third parties could have registered or used in advance.
When a domain name infringes a trademark, the trademark owner can take action against this domain name, in particular through infringement proceedings but also through UDRP extrajudicial proceedings.
The Uniform Domain-Name Dispute-Resolution Policy (UDRP) procedure allows the owner of the earlier trademark to obtain the transfer of a domain name that would infringe a trademark on the condition that:
The domain name is identical or likely to be confused with a trademark;
The defendant has no right or legitimate interest in the registration of this domain name;
The registration and use of the domain name by the defendant were made in bad faith.
The choice of a domain name is therefore very important and must be considered. JUSLAWS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, composed of lawyers specialized in computer law, assists you in the choice of your domain name and helps you to ensure the availability of the chosen name by conducting prior art searches on the name.
It is strongly recommended that companies carry out such availability searches in order to be able to develop an activity under the said sign and subsequently enhance the distinctive sign that is the domain name.
Once the domain name has been chosen and is available, it is necessary to quickly register the domain name because a domain name is unique in a namespace (such as ".co.th") and is assigned to the first person who requests it.
To reserve a domain name, it is therefore necessary to use a "register" which will act as an intermediary with the Registrar Offices and in particular the Thai Network Information Center Foundation (THNIC), namely the Registrar appointed by Thailand for the management of domain names under the extension ".co.th".
The domain name will then, subject to acceptance by the Office, be registered for a limited period of time, which should be renewed before the specified term in order not to lose its rights to this distinctive sign.
JUSLAWS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY and its lawyers, competent in IT law, will assist you in all procedures for registering a trademark for your domain name and inform you of the deadlines for renewing your domain name and its trademark.
How to protect your domain name?
A domain name is a distinctive sign for a company, which is protected as a trademark as soon as it is registered, but only if it is exploited.
It is therefore necessary for the holder of a domain name to monitor his domain name and set up monthly monitoring in order to be informed of the registrations of approaching domain names, trademarks, company names or other subsequent rights.
JUSLAWS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY assists you in the monitoring of your domain names and assists you in the protection of your domain names.
Domain name and trademark law
In the field of trademark law, case law considers that a domain name, when used, can constitute a prior art and as such benefit from protection against subsequent trademark registrations that are identical or similar.
The owner of a domain name may therefore, if necessary, oppose the registration of a third party's trademark, or even take action to request the withdrawal of the trademark.
Read more about trademarks...
Domain name and other distinctive signs
Unlike trademark law, which is protected by infringement proceedings, the domain name is protected by the civil liability proceedings under provisions of the Thai Commercial and Civil Code (CCC).
Also, the holder of an exploited domain name may prevent a third party from exploiting an identical or similar subsequent domain name for similar products and services.
The domain name holder may also prevent a third party from using a company name, a trade name or other distinctive sign similar to the same as the registered and operated domain name, provided that there is a risk of confusion between the signs.
JUSLAWS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY accompanies and advises you in order to give you the means to act against third parties who would try to imitate or reproduce your domain name and also accompanies you in the enhancement of your domain name.
Advice and assistance on:
The validation of specific projects, websites and applications,
The choice of domain names,
The implementation of online advertising campaigns,
Compliance with the regulations relating to the protection and processing of personal data with the Data Protection Commission,
Domain name protection strategies and domain name reservation procedures,
The processing of complaints related to domain names,
The implementation of monitoring on your domain name,
The management of your domain name portfolio,
The processing of complaints related to content distributed online (denigration, etc.),
The implementation of infringement monitoring on the Internet.
Negotiation and drafting of:
Contracts for the transfer of domain names,
Contracts for the transfer of rights on the website,
IT contracts,
Database contracts,
General terms and conditions of sale on the Internet,
General conditions of use of websites, blogs.
Representation in disputes relating to domain names, in particular:
Unfair competition following the reproduction or imitation of a domain name,
UDRP procedure following the bad faith reservation of a domain name similar to your distinctive signs,
Liability of Internet service providers (content publishers, access providers, hosts, blog editors, etc.),
Implementation of legal procedures to stop all types of Internet infringements (e.g. phishing, typosquatting, etc.) and to identify the perpetrators,
Responsibility related to the referencing on the internet and automatic suggestions from search engines.
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Juslaws & Consult
Office in Bangkok
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The Royal Place 96/66 Moo.1 Kathu, Kathu, Phuket 83120, Thailand
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Innegra Technologies (Greenville, SC, US) is highlighting its Innegra high-modulus polypropylene fiber, used in composite and textile applications to increase toughness, durability, damping and improve signal transmission.
Innegra Technologies (Greenville, SC, US) is highlighting its Innegra high-modulus polypropylene fiber, used in composite and textile applications to increase toughness, durability, damping and improve signal transmission. The Innegra S fiber technology, commercialized in 2012, continues expansion in new applications, which can be seen in the Innegra booth: Boot insolves, radomes, blast- and ballistic-resistant structures, transportation. Innegra S is characterized as low density (0.84 g/cm3 bulk density), tough, flexible and ductile, moisture and chemical resistant, temperatures resistant (-100°C to 60°C operational range), has a low dielectric constant (Dk = 2.2) and loss factor (Df = 0.0009) and is low cost. Booth Q70.


Smartphones iPhone Cases, hi tech cameras, and security videos are making the world eminently recordable, allowing us to monitor and revisit our every move. But nothing is pushing the video boundaries as much as camera wielding drones, and few camera wielding drones are doing it like the DJI Phantom 2 Vision+. The roughly $1,200 device is expensive, but it known for its exceptional flight capabilities and powerful camera it cheaper than other high end drones.
iPhone Cases Un jour il t pour un verre sur une terrasse anonyme. Il t une jolie fleur, et il se mettra te parler. Ensuite tu lui parleras ton tour. On Aug. Although we do not pre screen comments, we reserve the right at all times to remove any information or materials that are unlawful, threatening, abusive, libelous, defamatory, obscene, vulgar, pornographic, profane, indecent or otherwise objectionable to us, and to disclose any information necessary to satisfy the law, regulation, or government request. We might permanently block any user who abuses these conditions iPhone Cases.