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BEHREND BLOG
Standout Seniors: Demetrius Green
Published on March 30, 2018 May 7, 2018 by Behrend BlogLeave a comment
By Heather Cass
Publications Manager, Office of Strategic Communications, Penn State Behrend
Penn State Behrend's class of 2018 is ready to make its mark on the world! We're proud of our students and the things they've accomplished and learned while here at Behrend. Over the next couple months, we'll be introducing you to a few of our remarkable seniors who have overcome challenges, pioneered new technology, participated in important research projects, and left an impression at Penn State Behrend.
Today, we'd like you to meet Demetrius Green:
Demetrius Green
Major: Digital Media, Arts, and Technology
Minor: Management Information Systems
Hometown: Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Scholarships: Council of Fellows Leadership Scholarship
On choosing Behrend: I liked the location because it wasn't too far or too close to home. I also love big bodies of water, and Lake Erie is beautiful.
On choosing his major: I wanted to bridge the gap between creativity and technology. I have a background in communications, so I wanted to continue that, while adding technology to my expertise.
Campus involvement: I am historian for the Behrend chapter of the Association of Black Collegians. I'm also a member of the Organization of African and Caribbean Students, and the Multi-Cultural Council.
What you'd be surprised to know about him: I love to sing, all day. It starts to annoy people after a while.
Confidence counts: My definition of living a good life is being so confident and carefree that if you wanted to, you could walk into Walmart singing your favorite song at the top of your lungs, and not care who is watching or who can hear you.
On a life of service: I'm passionate about helping others. My motto is: If I can, I will. I love to put a smile on another person's face.
What inspires him: My future inspires me. I've been waiting for this moment for years, and I'm excited to start seeing things come to fruition. I know there are great things waiting for me, and I just have to keep working and be diligent in pursuing those things.
Advice for new students: Check in with your adviser. Get involved. Leave the campus and explore Erie and Presque Isle. Ask questions.
After his graduation in May, Demetrius plans to start his career as an MIS technology professional.
Categories Class of 2018, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Standout Seniors, Standout Seniors 2018
Standout Seniors: Nicole Overby
Penn State Behrend's seniors are ready to make their mark on the world! We're proud of our students and the things they've accomplished and learned while here at Behrend. Over the next couple months, we'll be introducing you to a few of our remarkable seniors who have overcome challenges, pioneered new technology, participated in important research projects, and left an impression at Penn State Behrend.
Today, we'd like you to meet Nicole Overby:
Major: Accounting
Graduation date: December 2017
Hometown: Nazareth, Pennsylvania
Scholarship: I received the National Bank of North East Leadership Scholarship, the Lawrence and Elizabeth Held Scholarship, the Behrend Faculty and Staff Scholarship, and the Edward P. and Barbara F. Junker Scholarship.
On choosing her major: I was drawn to numbers in high school, and I knew early on that I wanted a business degree. After I took some accounting classes, I realized it was a perfect fit for me.
Proudest accomplishment at Behrend: I was the student marshal at commencement. It meant so much to me and my family that I was selected by faculty members to represent the Black School of Business.
Campus involvement: I was involved in Circle K, Business Analytics Team, Accounting Club, Athena, Phi Kappa Phi, and the Behrend Beacon, and I helped produce and write the Black School of Business program newsletters.
What you'd be surprised to know about her: I have a twin sister
What she's passionate about: Spreading goodness. This is a broad statement, but that is why I love it. Whether it is doing community service or simply smiling and saying hello to strangers, I think it is important to spread joy every day. I am a stronger believer in positivity. Not only will it make you feel better, but it will have a positive impact on everyone you come in contact with.
Advice for new students: Set goals, but be flexible. If you are too set on one path, you might miss another one that is best for you.
Nicole graduated from Penn State Behrend in December of 2017. She will return to the college in August to begin earning a Master of Professional Accounting degree. She plans to work in public accounting.
Categories Class of 2017, School of Business, Standout Seniors, Standout Seniors 2017
Puerto Rico Trip Sheds Light on Island Still Recovering from Hurricane
Published on March 27, 2018 by Behrend BlogLeave a comment
Andrea Konkol, associate director of admissions at Penn State Behrend, recently returned from Puerto Rico, an island still reeling from the effects of Hurricane Maria, which tore through the Caribbean six months ago. Hurricane Maria was the worst natural disaster to ever hit Puerto Rico and is responsible for at least 112 confirmed deaths. Some people are still missing. The death toll in Puerto Rico is believed to be much higher than reported, possibly more than 1,000. The hurricane wrought catastrophic damage to the island, with much of the housing and infrastructure beyond repair. Total losses from the hurricane are estimated at upwards of $91.61 billion. We asked Konkol to share what she saw while she was in Puerto Rico attending College Week in the Caribbean.
By Andrea Konkol
Associate director of admissions, Penn State Behrend
College Week in the Caribbean is a weeklong series of high school visits and college fairs coordinated by the Caribbean Counselor Association (CCA), a group of college and school counselors based in San Juan, Puerto Rico. I traveled with representatives from twelve other college and universities. This was my twelfth College Week since 2011. Students in Puerto Rico have only a few options for college on the island and many are looking to go to the mainland United States to pursue new and different opportunities.
I was apprehensive about traveling this year because I wondered what the condition of the islands would be like post-Hurricane Maria.
I was surprised by how green everything was when I looked out over the landscape. If you saw pictures of Puerto Rico after the hurricane, you know that the landscape and trees were stripped bare and appeared totally brown. Mother Nature can regenerate at fantastic rate! (Check out this slideshow with then and now photos of Puerto Rico).
There are certainly bruises on the infrastructure, though. Buildings with boarded-up windows, twisted and bent street signs, and the occasional out-of-order street light were all things I witnessed.
For the most part, though, life seems to be back to somewhat normal conditions. People go to work and to school. Life has gone on. As I reflect on my week, I am struck by one thought: the people living on these islands are incredibly resilient!
I should say that our travels did not take us directly into the hardest hit areas that are, by many accounts, still without water or power. I was mostly in the San Juan metro area.
However, we did spend one day traveling southwest of San Juan, to Ponce. The drive took us through the central mountains of the island. It was hard to miss the telltale bright blue FEMA tarps that dotted the hillsides and marked homes damaged by the storm. Again, the greenness of the mountains was astonishing! Both people and nature were hard at work rebuilding.
My hotel appeared to be serving as some kind of logistics center for the island's power restoration efforts. Early in the morning and late in the evening, the elevators were filled with electrical line workers. I spoke with one gentleman from Con Edison who lived in New Jersey. He had been on the island for more than a month and was also on the island for the month of November. He asked if I was on vacation. I wish! When I told him I was a recruiter for Penn State, he told me he had a 17-year-old looking at colleges. "Keep Penn State in mind!" I said as he exited the elevator. As admissions recruiters we are always working to recruit our next student, even in elevators!
We visited eighteen schools in Puerto Rico and two in St. Thomas during our five days of recruiting. School counselors consistently told us it was a tough year. Maria hit just as students were applying to colleges for fall admission. Yet, they told stories of students and neighbors helping each other. They shared a few scarce Wi-Fi hot spots with friends so they could complete their college applications. Several schools greeted us with cheers when we arrived. Students in Puerto Rico are hungry for college information.
My time in Puerto Rico often reminds me why I love my job. I like to think higher education is the business of changing lives. While I hope some of the students I spoke with will explore Penn State further, perhaps the most important thing they learn from College Week is that a college education is possible and opportunities abound.
Andrea Konkol, right, at the the big public college fair. The other woman in the picture with Konkol is Glendalys Millan, mother of one of our current students Paola Maldonado-Millan. Konkol said Millan graciously volunteered to help her at the fair because the Penn State table tends to be so busy.
Students at Academy San Jose.
The San Juan skyline.
Oustside the American Military Academy in Puerto Rico.
Categories Far from Home, International experiences, Staff, Uncategorized
Standout Seniors: Meet Anthony Walker
Today, we'd like you to meet Anthony Walker:
Major: Mechanical Engineering
Minor: Computer Science
Hometown: Carmichaels, Pennsylvania
Scholarships: I have received the Frank S. Palkovic Trustee Scholarship.
On choosing to major in Mechanical Engineering: I have always been interested in the STEM fields. Mechanical Engineering seemed to be the broadest major that would allow me to have the most options in the field of engineering.
Proudest accomplishment at Behrend: Writing an angle optimization code for an aerodynamics project.
What makes him unique: Most students in my major don't love computer science, but I enjoy it so much that I decided to minor in it. I have even taken on personal projects outside of academia that involve computer science.
Who inspires him: Dr. Amir Danesh-Yazdi, assistant professor of mechanical engineering, puts a tremendous amount of effort into his teaching. His classes have pushed me to do more and inspired my interest in computer science. I'm also inspired by my mother, father, stepfather, and Edward Maison, who has been my closest friend for nearly a decade and supports all of my endeavors.
After his graduation in May, Anthony plans to work in his field and eventually obtain his Ph.D. in mechanical engineering.
Categories Class of 2018, School of Engineering, Standout Seniors, Standout Seniors 2018
Standout Seniors: Meet Brittni Merenick
Today, we'd like you to meet Brittni Merenick:
Major: Elementary and Early Childhood Education
Hometown: Warren, Pennsylvania
On choosing Behrend: When I was growing up, I often came to Behrend for basketball camps and fell in love with the campus. Once I did an official college tour, I knew I wanted to attend Behrend.
On choosing her major: I love working with children. It may sound cliché, but I really want to make an impact on my students' lives. I like that I get to teach my students something new every day. The great thing is that while I'm teaching them, I am also learning and growing professionally.
Proudest accomplishment at Behrend: Earning a 4.0 GPA two semesters in a row while taking 15 credits and working sixteen-hour weeks. This was on top of field placements, trying to have a social life, and sleeping!
Campus involvement: I was a member of the Student Pennsylvania State Education Association (PSEA) and served as president of the club last year and as a representative on the regional Political Action Committee for Education. I also participated in the PennLake National Writing Project.
What you would be surprised to know about her: I have a fraternal twin sister, but most people say my younger sister and I look more like twins.
Advice for new students: Enjoy your college experience while you can because it is over quicker than you can imagine. Make new friends, and don't be afraid to try new things.
After her graduation in May, Brittni hopes to find a teaching position in Pennsylvania. She plans to begin working on a graduate degree in the fall as well.
Standout Seniors: Meet Dylan Langharst
Today, we'd like you to meet Dylan Langharst:
Majors: Concurrent majors in Physics and Mathematics
Minors: Concurrent minors in Astronomy and Political Science
Hometown: Sarver, Pennsylvania
Scholarships: I've received the Anonymous Friend Trustee Fund Scholarship multiple times, a School of Science scholarship, the Lake Erie Trustee Scholarship at Penn State Erie, The Behrend College, the McMannis Educational Trust Fund Scholarship, and the Dr. and Mrs. Arthur W. Phillips Scholarship for Schreyer Scholars.
On choosing his majors: In high school, I was really interested in understanding the physical world and decided to major in physics. However, during my time here at Behrend, I fell in love with mathematics, due in part to the faculty members in the department.
Proudest accomplishment at Behrend: I studied abroad in Germany during the summer of 2015, and during the summer of 2017, I was employed by the Department of Energy doing quantum computing. However, these are not my proudest accomplishments. My proudest accomplishment is when I was contacted by one of the students I tutored/taught through the Learning Resource Center who said that, without my help, he wouldn't have passed Physics 211 or had such a solid start for Physics 212. This was my proudest moment.
Campus involvement: President of the Physics Club, vice president of the Math Club, and vice president of Behrend's branch of Pi Mu Epsilon, the national math honor society.
Hidden talent: I am almost fluent in German.
What you would be surprised to know about him: I have a big interest in history, especially medieval history. I almost majored in history instead of physics.
Who inspires him: Faculty members inspire me, especially Dr. Chuck Yeung, Dr. Blair Tuttle, Dr. Darren Williams, Dr. Bruce Wittmershaus, Paul Becker, Dr. Antonella Cupillari, Dr. Daniel Galiffa and Dr. Amos Ong. They are always willing to answer any questions I have, even if my questions have nothing to do with material we are learning in class. Also, Dr. John Gamble, distinguished professor of political science and international law, who has been a life mentor since I started college.
Advice for new students: Pick a field of study that you genuinely enjoy learning about or classes will be difficult.
After his graduation in December, Dylan plans to attend graduate school for a master's degree in mathematics. He then wants to obtain a Ph.D. and, eventually, teach at the college level.
Categories Class of 2018, School of Science, Standout Seniors, Standout Seniors 2018
Standout Seniors: Meet Angelia Clear
Today, we'd like you to meet Angelia Clear:
Majors: Concurrent major in Marketing and International Business
Hometown: Lower Burrell, Pennsylvania
On choosing her majors: I love the international aspect of business, but marketing is so versatile and interesting to me, so I decided to dual major.
Scholarships: I received the Presidential Scholarship, the Addison Gibson Foundation Grant, and the John K. Henne Scholarship for International Study.
Proudest accomplishment at Behrend? Receiving and accepting an invitation to join Beta Gamma Sigma, an academic honor society, while balancing a heavy course load and working full time.
Campus involvement: I have attended the School of Business spring business trips and I am a Black School of Business Ambassador. I am very involved in the Marketing Club and also enjoy playing intramural soccer when I can. I've studied abroad and I am a member of Beta Gamma Sigma.
Multitasking master: I am someone who has to have a lot of things going on all the time. I enjoy managing my time and being busy!
What you'd be surprised to know about her: I am a very observant person who can be shy at first, but I honestly enjoy learning about different people and cultures and immersing myself in new experiences.
Advice for new students: Time management is huge in college. Students need to get organized from the beginning because it is easy to fall behind. Also, get involved and do things that you really enjoy. College is not just about academics; it is about you. You get out of it what you put into it.
Following her graduation in May, Angelia plans to start her career in business.
Standout Seniors: Meet Derek Shaffer
Published on March 19, 2018 May 7, 2018 by Behrend Blog1 Comment
Today, we'd like you to meet Derek Shaffer:
Hometown: Stoneboro, Pennsylvania
Scholarships: I received The DeFrees Family Foundation Scholarship for Schreyer Scholars and Honors Students for all four years that I have been at Behrend. I have a lot of gratitude toward the donors. Without scholarship help, managing the monetary burden of college would be difficult.
On choosing Behrend: I chose Penn State Behrend because of its size, which is small enough to offer personal connections with professors. In addition, undergraduate student researchers are in high demand here by faculty members.
On choosing to major in Mechanical Engineering: I chose my major for its versatility. A person with a mechanical engineering background can go into material science, aerospace, architecture, design, research, manufacturing, and many other fields. I also find it interesting to study the similarities and differences at the crossroads of these fields.
Proudest accomplishment at Behrend: I'm proud of the amount of work I have been able to accomplish while still experiencing the best parts of college. I was on the college's club hockey team for my entire college career while still maintaining a 4.0 grade-point average and publishing multiple journal and conference papers through my manufacturing research.
Campus involvement: I have been a member of the club hockey team my entire college career. We are part of the American Club Hockey Association, which includes teams from universities across the country. These teams are then broken into conferences just like NCAA sports. Our teams practice whenever they can get ice, which often means 6:00 a.m. or midnight, play games on the weekends instead of going out, and have GPA and credit requirements just like varsity athletes.
On goaltending: Not many people are fond of the idea of being hit with frozen rubber, but I find it fun.
Who inspires him: My parents and my girlfriend of six years inspire me the most. They are the hardest working and most caring people I have ever met. My mother is a nurse, my dad is a police officer, and my girlfriend is a physician assistant. These three people have shown me the importance of living a full life and enjoying time with your family and friends.
Advice for new students: Don't rush into picking a major or worry too much about what you'll do for a career. It will come to you naturally as you gain more time and experience with different fields. Figuring out what type of person you want to be and leaving your options open are more important.
After his graduation in May, Derek plans to attend graduate school. In the future, he hopes to do high-level research and design, preferably in the aerospace industry.
Derek and his fiancé, Jazmyne Sasse.
Standout Seniors: Meet Echo Seiersen
Today, we'd like you to meet Echo Seiersen:
Majors: Concurrent majors in Communication and Political Science
Hometown: Corry, Pennsylvania
On majoring in Communication: Originally, I pursued a communication path because I am fascinated by the science behind interpersonal interactions and the differences that exist in communication between cultures. Political science came in when I started to get more involved in politics and discovered a real passion for rhetoric and social issues. I have found that politics intersects with communication in many ways.
Scholarships: I have received the Joseph A. and Berit I. Benacci Family Scholarship and the Coombes-Leahey Trustee Scholarship.
Proudest accomplishment at Behrrend: My proudest accomplishment has been working with Dr. Colleen Kelley (associate professor of speech communication) as a research assistant on her book—A Rhetoric of Divisive Partisanship: The 2016 American Presidential Campaign Discourse of Bernie Sanders and Donald Trump, which was published in February. I am also proud of the work I did with Dr. Robert Speel (associate professor of political science). I helped him with research he presented to Erie County Executive Kathy Dahlkemper about the efficacy and success of Day Reporting Centers in reducing recidivism rates throughout Pennsylvania and in other counties similar to Erie County.
Campus involvement: I have been a writing tutor with the Learning Resource Center for more than two years.
What makes her unique: I write poetry and like to paint, and I am actually working on publishing a book of poetry now.
What you'd be surprised to know about her: I have fibromyalgia and psoriatic arthritis. The former is a medical condition in which you experience chronic muscle pain and tenderness throughout your body, either constantly or when touched, along with fatigue and cognitive issues (often called "fibro fog"). Psoriatic arthritis is a form of inflammatory arthritis that damages joints, tendons, and ligaments, and sometimes the organs. It mostly causes pain, swelling, and stiffness in the joints. Long story short, I am in constant pain every single day, and I also sometimes struggle with fatigue and memory or concentration problems. I try really hard not to let these conditions impact my academic work or social life, so I think a lot of people would be surprised to know about them.
Her definition of a good life: Having a home where you feel comfortable, supported, and safe, and surrounding yourself with people who love, challenge, encourage, and inspire you. Also, I believe with total sincerity that having a lot of cats is vital to maintaining happiness.
Advice for new students: Listen more. We all have something important to learn from other people, even those we disagree with. And after you have listened, speak out with courage and certainty.
On the loves of her life: I could not have made it through this journey without my boyfriend, Tanner Hanson. He gives me endless and unconditional love and support. I also have two cats that bring much joy to my life. I have an American shorthair named Isabella and a Maine Coon named Enzo.
After her graduation in May, Echo plans to attend graduate school. She hopes to obtain a Ph.D. and become a researcher and professor of political communication.
Standout Seniors: Meet Cathy Brooks
Today, we'd like you to meet Cathy Brooks:
Majors: Dual major in Accounting and Finance
Hometown: Bethel Park, Pennsylvania
On choosing Penn State Behrend: I have always wanted to attend Penn State, but University Park was overwhelming to me. Behrend was big enough to provide great opportunities, but not so large that I felt lost in the crowd.
On choosing her majors: During my freshman engineering seminar (I entered Behrend as an engineering major), I took a personality test that said accounting was a 100 percent match for my skills and interests. After taking Physics 211, I had a feeling engineering was not the right path for me, so I decided to switch majors.
On double majoring: After taking a few business courses and seeing how similar finance and accounting were, I decided to add the Finance major in order to put me closer to the 150 credits I need to sit for the CPA exam and get value out of those credits.
Campus involvement: I am a member of Delta Sigma Pi, the professional business fraternity on campus. For the past year, I've been the group's vice president of alumni relations. Before joining the fraternity, I could be quiet and shy. The group has been great for building my confidence, and being involved with them has made the last two years of college fly by.
On motherhood: I have a two-year-old at home and she has motivated me to succeed. I do everything for her because I want the best for her. Having a family, a job, a role in the fraternity, and going to college full time has forced me to overcome a lot of obstacles. But I have learned that stressful days are just temporary and organization is everything when you have a lot on your plate.
On taking chances: The best advice I can give to anyone is that you will never know until you try. If you try and fail, you're in the same spot as if you'd never tried at all, so what do you really have to lose?
What you would be surprised to know about her: I love to sing and play trumpet. I haven't had much time in my life for it since I started college, but I hope to join a community band when I move to D.C. this summer.
Advice for first-year students: Get involved! It's one thing to get good grades in class, but to show that you also helped other students, the school, or the community will really set you apart from other candidates interviewing for the same job that you are.
After her graduation in May, Cathy will be working as a federal auditor in Washington, D.C., on KPMG's Army Engagement Team.
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Q: Azure SQL Data Factory Copy Activity with Sink Stored Procedure I cant get this going and seem not to find solutions on this forum. I am new to Azure
I have successfully established a direct SQL Query copy activity from on Prem SQL Server to Azure SQL.

When I proceed to edit to include a Stored Procedure it fails. I have created a data type and stored procedure as follows in the Azure Sql;
CREATE TYPE [dbo].[Patch] AS TABLE(
    [BaseKey] int,
    [GISKey] [varchar](10),
    [ActiveFrom] datetime
)
DROP PROC IF EXISTS dbo.spCopyPatch
GO
CREATE PROC dbo.spCopyPatch
@Patch dbo.Patch READONLY,
@BaseKey int,
@GISKey varchar(10),
@ActiveFrom datetime
AS
INSERT INTO dbo.Patch( BaseKey,GISKey,ActiveFrom)
VALUES(@BaseKey,@GISKey,@ActiveFrom);
GO

I then proceeded to edit the copy activity Sink. It is able to pick up the Stored Procedure OK;

However this fails on debug: Am I getting it right or missing something?
Your help highly appreciated in advance.

A: I resolved this and wrote direct from OnPrem SQL Server to Azure SQL Server.
Step 1. Update Source with the a dataset drawn from the SQL.

Step 2. Updated My Stored Procedure  to what is highlighted in green below

Step 3. Populate Sink in order and shown below

Debug Copy activity and you have it

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U.S. Could Face Fry Shortage
Published online: Dec 04, 2019 Articles Charisse Jones
Source: USA Today
A cold snap may put a freeze on French fries as farmers deal with smaller potato crops this year.
From an extended rainy period in the Red River Valley of North Dakota, to an early frost in Idaho, weather negatively affected the country's potato harvest, reducing the expected haul in the U.S. by 6 percent as compared to 2018, according to the USDA.
As of early November, only 73 percent of total crops had been harvested.
In Idaho, the state that grows one-third of all potatoes produced in the U.S., a freeze hit between Oct. 9 and 11.
"You can only harvest potatoes once a year, so you've got one shot at it,'' says Frank Muir, president and CEO of the Idaho Potato Commission. "When you have a prolonged frost like that, it can be pretty devastating to our crop.''
However, the cold snap mostly struck the eastern part of the state. In Idaho's western and southern regions, harvesting began in the summer and extended into early fall. That means by the start of October, 85% of the state's crop had been picked and put in storage.
Still, among those that remained in the ground, as much as 30% were damaged, and "there were some fields that were probably a total loss,'' Muir said.
The demand for French fries has gone global, gaining popularity particularly in Asia. And bad weather has reportedly also affected potato crops in Canada.
Some makers of frozen French fries who had been going elsewhere have reached out to Idaho farmers for some of their supplies, Muir says.
But ultimately, in the U.S. there will be an expected yield of about 13 billion spuds. Though that's down 1 billion from 2018, that's enough to fill Albertson's Stadium, where the Boise State Broncos football team plays, from end zone to end zone in a pile a mile high, Muir says.
So don't despair about your hash browns.
"We're headed into the Christmas period now, and we're confident we can meet the consumer needs both on the fresh side in retail stores and in ... restaurants," Muir says. "We're not going to (look up) halfway through the year and there's no French fries anymore. That's not going to happen."

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Prerafaeliterna, The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, var en brittisk konstnärsgrupp, grundad 1848 av Dante Gabriel Rossetti, John Everett Millais och Holman Hunt.

Gruppen ansåg att dåtidens förhärskande konst var en mekanisk reproduktion av verk i Rafaels och Michelangelos anda. De sökte istället inspiration från konsten före Rafael, främst i det italienska 1400-talsmåleriet (ungrenässansen) och i den medeltida konsten efter inspiration från målare som William Dyce och Ford Madox Brown. Vad de främst vände sig mot var emellertid inflytandet från Joshua Reynolds, grundare av Royal Academy, ett inflytande som de menade var formalistiskt och klichéfyllt.

Deras intresse för medeltidens bilder och berättelser förenades med ett starkt engagemang i samtidens sociala frågor. Konsten präglades av motsättningar. Religiositet och fantasier om svunna tider förenades med radikala politiska uppfattningar och närstudier av naturen och omgivningen. I centrum stod de eviga frågorna om kärlek, passion, svek och död. Konstverken präglades av djupt allvar men också av ett starkt patos, oavsett om det uttrycktes i måleri, teckning, fotografi eller konsthantverk.

Våren 2009 visades utställningen Prerafaeliterna på Nationalmuseum i Stockholm. Det var första gången de ägnades en egen utställning i Norden.

Medlemmar i urval
 Edward Burne-Jones
 James Collinson
 Walter Crane
 Evelyn De Morgan
 Arthur Hughes
 William Holman Hunt
 John Everett Millais
 William Morris
 Dante Gabriel Rossetti
 William Michael Rossetti
 John Ruskin
 Frederick Sandys
 Simeon Solomon
 Frederic George Stephens
 John William Waterhouse
 Thomas Woolner

Se även
 Artistic Dress

Källor

Externa länkar

Konstens historia
Konstnärsgrupper i Storbritannien
Svensk uppslagsbok

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Skilled Technical Workforce Instructors
About the Instructors
Dr. Michael Dunphy
For the past 35 years, Dr. Michael Dunphy has served as Professor of Biochemistry, Division Chair of Mathematics and Sciences and most recently as the Dean of the School of Arts and Sciences at Walsh University. A veteran educator, Dr. Dunphy also has over 20 years of experience as a professional speaker, group facilitator and corporate trainer. Since 2000, Dr. Dunphy has designed and delivered over 500 highly successful corporate training programs and specialized learning experiences in leadership, professional coaching, applied emotional intelligence and other "premier skills". Dr. Dunphy is nationally recognized for his creative and interactive presentations and for the high quality of his facilitation skills and practical nature of his programs. Clients have included Pfizer Pharmaceuticals, NovoNordisk, Johnson & Johnson, Centinel Spine, American Express, Disney, Providence Medical Technologies, Canada Post and many more.
Abdou Ayoub
Abdou Ayoub is the Managing Director of Paragon Shift, a data analytics and AI solutions firm which he founded in 2010. Abdou started his career with Deloitte Consulting out of the Cleveland office working with clients in the America's and Europe and later transferred to the Deloitte Middle East practice where he was based in Beirut and serving clients across the Gulf region across multiple industries. Abdou holds a Master's in Engineering and Management from The Weatherhead School of Management at Case Western Reserve University and Bachelor of Engineering from Youngstown State University. Abdou speaks and consults around the world on topics related to data analytics, AI solutions and applications for IoT technologies.
Jason Barr
Jason Barr works within the Cloud Practice at Core BTS. He has held several key leadership roles focused on leveraging Microsoft technologies for enterprise projects designed to deliver scalable, measurable and impactful digital transformational initiatives that are keenly aligned with business goals. A supportive mentor and coach, Jason brings 20 years of experience in engaging and collaborating with C-Level Executives and IT professionals. His expertise includes IT Strategy and Vision, Implementation, Roadmapping, Project Management, Resource Management, Software Architecture, Cloud Architecture and IoT disciplines. Jason's recent projects have been centered on Cloud Computing, Data/Analytics, and Application Development that span many Industry verticals including manufacturing, healthcare, retail and financial services. His skills and certifications include Microsoft Azure, SharePoint Online, Application Development and Modernization, Web and Desktop Development, Microsoft SQL, Cloud Enablement, and IT Architectures. Certifications include MCSD: App Build, MCSA: Web Applications, MCTS: SharePoint (multiple versions), MCTS: .NET Web Applications, Network+, A+, and additional Microsoft Professional and Specialist certifications in various technologies.
Todd Lensman
Todd Lensman is co-founder of FOFM, Inc., the founder of Lensman & Associates, Ltd., and the founder or co-founder of numerous business entities and investment vehicles. Todd serves as the President of FOFM, Inc., and as the Managing Partner of the Lensman & Associates, Ltd. law firm. In such capacities, his time is committed to matters dealing with investments, private ventures, private equity, estate planning, business and family succession planning, corporate counsel, taxation, and the operation of several businesses.
Todd is both an attorney and Certified Public Accountant who holds law, Masters of Taxation, Accounting, and LL.M. (Taxation) degrees, as well as Registered Investment Advisor certification. He has also completed several NASD Securities examinations, including the Series 7 (General Securities Representative), Series 24 (General Securities Principal), Series 63 (Uniform Securities Agent State Law), and Series 65 (Registered Investment Advisor) examinations.
Todd is an active member of several professional organizations, including the Ohio and American Bar Associations, and the Ohio Society of CPAs. He also currently serves on the Board of Directors of a number of invested companies and private, charitable organizations. Todd lectures and writes on a variety of business, planning, and taxation matters and advises numerous businesses on the how to identify key metrics of data collection and utilize that data to drive business productivity.
Kyle Quillen
Kyle Quillen is a leader in the design, engineering and deployment of Data Infrastructure aimed at Economic Development and reducing costs for government and businesses through commercialization and monetization of data networks, public telecommunications, and other communication assets. As Agile Network Builders' President and Founder, he is an expert in WAN/LAN tools, network topology architecture and cost/benefit analysis. Kyle designed and engineered a statewide hybrid fiber microwave MPLS network for State of Ohio known as Agile Networks.
Dr. Daniel Passerini
Daniel Passerini, Ph.D., has been appointed to a new role as Director of Cross-Enterprise Initiatives. Housed in the Department of Academic Affairs, Dr. Passerini will help position Walsh University favorably in many strategic areas as part of this new role by expanding offerings for adult learners, building extensive community, regional and national relationships and generating revenue streams to support investment in programs, people and innovative initiatives. A 1994 alumnus, Dr. Passerini previously served as Walsh's Director of Development and was responsible for developing productive relationships with key University donors and stakeholders. His purpose-driven approach grew community bonds and led to significant university donations. Dr. Passerini will continue to oversee the President's Advisory Board and work with the Office of Advancement on select projects.
Employees working in the State of Ohio: Ask about eligibility for tuition reimbursement.


I recognize just how demanding it can be to have your house for sale as well as nobody intending to buy it. All your next-door neighbors have actually sold their homes fast yet you don't seem to get the exact same outcomes. Just what do they understand that you don't? A well-reputed site like sellmyhousefastmarietta.net/selling-deceased-estate-property may give you the best solution.
Well, I'm going to present you some guidelines for selling your house fast.
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The 2nd essential point associated with selling your house promptly is the rate. The price of your house can't and also shouldn't be exactly what you directly assume it deserves. Put yourself in your consumers' footwear – no one is going to buy an expensive property.
To sell your house rapidly, you have to locate a price that is eye-catching to your possible clients, and also the finest method to do this is to peek for similar homes in your vicinity that sold fast.
Figure out how much they cost and put side-by-side your cost to the costs the other homes went for. If you are more than those costs, you have to take a deep breath and reduced your price – don't think of it, just do it.
When it comes to valuing your house for a fast sale, do not attempt to reinvent the wheel – this is vital. Just track the lead established by next-door neighbors in your area. That's just how the Real estate is done.
The following point you can do is manage untidiness. I think that you do not want your customers to be trembled by the quantity of trash stuffed in the lawn, garage, and areas of the home. Remember that you are selling a product – you wouldn't buy a dirty fridge, or new cars and truck with waste in the trunk now would you? Clear out the scrap and also make it look as pleasant as feasible. Clients will certainly be a lot more attracted in getting a sharp looking estate.
Finally, I would strongly recommend you to allow go of your emotional desire for your house. It can just affect your property business. You don't want a client to pull back just because you don't intend to include your special table or your one-of-a-kind bed in the price. You can also get more ways to sell your home fast.


He buys some ZZ Top, Elton John, Black Sabbath and more.
Detailing his last work, Shadow Work.
Scofield passed away earlier this year.
He's also not sure who Bart Simpson is and loves hipsters.
SLIPKNOT Offer First Look at Haunted House Exhibit at "Slaughterhouse"
No rooms tell you what Corey Taylor thinks though.
He buys Public Enemy, Bjork, Aphex Twin, Refused and more.
Malek even looks like Mercury before all the makeup.
Garden Of The Titans: Live At Red Rocks Amphitheater is out on November 2.
Of course, they also talk a little bit about the band's upcoming European tour with Metallica.
"I was in my mid-30s and making $1,000 on a tour. That doesn't do a lot to help someone with a depressive personality."
It's China's version of The Voice.
Featuring studio stuff from Korn, Slipknot, From First To Last, Glassjaw, At The Drive-In, Suicide Silence and more.
An exclusive look at a pivotal moment in metal history!
Also featuring Steve-O, Ron Jeremy, and Robert Donovan.


The solution is surprisingly simple.
We know, we know: It's a total first-world problem. But it's next to impossible to filter out that shiny spot on your forehead on Instagram...and IRL. If you deal with naturally oily skin on a daily basis, we don't have to tell you that shine is your No. 1 enemy. And it gets worse in the summer for all of us, not just those with oily skin. You may think you're imagining it—or just chalk it up to sweat—but it's not you. Skin really does get oilier in the summer. Here's how to fix it.
As with wrinkles and dark spots, you can blame this one on the sun—and on warmer weather too. "Heat has a naturally stimulating effect, causing more secretions from oil glands," says New York City dermatologist Dennis Gross, M.D. It's a kind of defense mechanism, since the higher-than-usual amount of sebum creates an extra physical barrier over your skin. And while this sounds great, it means your skin also gets oilier more quickly. "The thought is that a 1-degree increase in temperature can cause skin to increase oil production by 10%," says Renée Rouleau, a celebrity aesthetician in NYC. So if you're in the middle of a heatwave—or stuck without AC—your skin is going to bear the consequences.
Okay, so shiny-looking skin is annoying (tell us something we don't know) but it won't necessarily kill you. What it can do, however, is give you a fresh breakout. "The increase in temperature plus sun exposure can lead to additional clogging of the pores with more sebum," explains Dr. Gross. So if, for example, you're trying to dry up your existing acne by lying out in the sun, it turns into a catch-22, because you're incidentally causing more zits to pop up. That's not all. "When it's hot outdoors, the increase of blood flow naturally increases heat and sensitivity in the skin," says Rouleau. So not only are you oilier, but you're also more red and prone to irritation. Summertime sadness, for real.
The solution is so obvious, we're a little disappointed we didn't figure it out on our own. Heat ramps up oil production and cold, conversely, does the opposite. "Cooling skin can reduce the sebum released, since a colder temperature causes the pores to contract," says Dr. Gross. With closed-up pores, oil is less likely to squeeze out and hang out on your face. Sadly, cooling skin does not include diving face-first into a frozen margarita. Rouleau suggests both storing skincare products in the fridge and washing your face with cool or at least lukewarm water. There are benefits to this besides easing up on oiliness. "Cleansing, toning and moisturizing with cool-temperature products will constrict the capillaries to ease redness and irritation," adds Rouleau.
If your face is still shining bright like a diamond despite this, products designed to cool skin—fridge or no fridge—may help. Keep reading to find out how!
Infused with mineral-rich seawater and caffeine (a well-known depuffer), this cools on contact. Rub it on before your makeup and use it touch up during the day; it'll refresh skin and give it a dewy sheen.
This H2O-heavy moisturizer hydrates skin without weighing it down (or, worse, packing on even more oil). Plus, the gel-like texture feels cool and light on skin.
We've talked about the benefits of face mists (yet another Korean import) in the past. But this goes above and beyond: It chills skin and also keeps makeup locked in place for up to 12 hours, a.k.a. you don't even need to lug it around throughout the day.
Desperate times call for more heavy-duty measures. In case of emergency, keep this gel mask in the fridge and wear it as long as humanly possible. Not only does it cool skin, but the vitamin C and botanical extracts in it smooth and hydrate too.


text:
James Taylor Quartet + Naomi Suzuki with Mari Natsuki
UK-JAPAN Bridge Together
Tuesday 1 October 2019, 19:00
James Taylor Quartet + Naomi Suzuki with Mari Natsuki Past Event
James Taylor Quartet:
James Taylor Hammond organ
Mark Cox guitar
Andrew McKinney bass
Pat Illingworth drums
Ralph Wyld percussion/vibes
Nick Smart trumpet
Gareth Lockrane flute
Naomi Suzuki vocals, producer
Mari Natsuki special guest vocalist
Michiyo Kagami Japanese traditional Daikagura performer
Yuriko Kotani comedian (opening act)
Japanese pop with a UK jazz-funk twist performed by the critically acclaimed James Taylor Quartet and UK-based singer Naomi Suzuki. The evening celebrates the Japan-UK Year of Culture with the Bridge Together Project – presenting much-loved J-pop classics specially re-arranged for an incredible night highlighting a shared love of great music and connections between the two cultures.
Special guest stars make this concert an unmissable experience. Yuriko Kotani, the BBC New Comedy Award-winning comedian, opens the event and superstar actress and singer Mari Natsuki is travelling from Japan especially to give an exclusive performance. There will also be a traditional Daikagura routine by Michiyo Kagami – a unique combination of talents!
In partnership with The Japan Foundation.
Duration: approx. 2½ hours (incl. interval)
Concessions: £2 off (not available online)
ENCORE Members: £5 off
An Evening with Tom Rush
Rescheduled from 19 June 2020
Thursday 24 June 2021, 19:30
In light of the coronavirus outbreak, this performance has been rescheduled to Thursday 24 June, 2021. Existing tickets for the original Friday 19 June 2020 performance will remain valid for this rescheduled performance date. We will not be reissuing...
Hampstead Jazz Club presents: A Very Special Evening of Jazz
A socially distanced concert, with Carroll Thompson, Paul Lee, Jo Harrop, Tara Minton & Sam Griffiths
Saturday 13 March 2021, 19:00 & Saturday 13 March 2021, 19:00
Following the announcement that London will be under Tier 3 restrictions from Wednesday 16 December, the performance of Hampstead Jazz Club Presents on Saturday 19 December has been rescheduled to Saturday 13 March 2021. A message from The Hampstead...
It's Trad Dad
Rescheduled from 5 Apr & 27 Oct 2020 & 31 Jan 2021
Sunday 21 March 2021, 15:00 & Sunday 21 March 2021, 19:00
Music by Chris Barber, Acker Bilk and Kenny Ball, Terry Lightfoot, Alex Welsh, Humphrey Lyttelton and more! A band of alumni from the great British trad bands led by Acker's trombonist Ian Bateman. Fabulous music and only twenty quid!
Voices of Swing
Down for the Count Concert Orchestra plays Nelson Riddle
The 28-piece Down for the Count Swing Orchestra presents a celebration of the great American composer and arranger Nelson Riddle in his centenary year. Born in 1921, Nelson Riddle was one of the unsung heroes of the swing era. His musical arrangement...


Felix Gomez shoved aside a rack of hanging costumes and looked around backstage in the auditorium of Thomas Jefferson Middle School. He had been the drama teacher at the school for a few years now, and he really wanted to do something different this year. He would put on a new play, he decided, not just the same old, same old. Tasked with revitalizing the school's sagging theater program, he had spent weeks reading new plays, but so far nothing had grabbed him.
Then it started—an inexplicable urge, at first vague, then specifically focused on the backstage area of the school's auditorium. Gomez had no idea why he was drawn back there, but somehow he knew that the obsessed, panicky state of mind that had gripped him for days now could only be eased by searching there.
In a dark corner, buried under long-discarded props and scenery, Gomez spotted an old steamer trunk. He knew instantly that this was what had been calling out to him, driving his obsession.
Throwing open the trunk, his hand—feeling as if it were being controlled by some other force—reached in. He pushed aside old props and grasped a stack of pages, bound together by three rusted metal fasteners.
But as Gomez read the play, the force that had driven him here battled with a new feeling, one of inexplicable anxiety and horror. The more he read, the more intense the feeling of dread grew. Somewhere deep inside, he knew there was something wrong with the play.
Gomez stood and hurried to the trunk to put the play back where he'd found it. Feeling a sudden sharp pain in his ankle, he tripped over a low stool that he was certain had not been there a moment before. He crashed to the ground and clutched his right leg in pain.
Bree Hart paced up and down the center aisle of the Thomas Jefferson Middle School auditorium and nervously twirled her curly dark hair around her finger. The meeting for students interested in auditioning for this year's play was about to begin. The auditorium was filled with energized students, busily chatting, eager to know what the play would be about. Bree had never felt this way before. She was equal parts excited and terrified.
"Trying to wear a hole through the carpet?" asked someone from behind Bree.
She spun around to face her best friend, Melissa Hwang.
Bree thought about her older sister, Megan, who had gotten the lead in every school play since the third grade. Melissa was right. It was time for Bree to take center stage.
"Anxious to begin your new life in the theater?" Melissa quipped.
Just then the auditorium door swung open.
"And here he is," Melissa said.
But instead of Mr. Gomez, a tall woman strode slowly down the center aisle, carrying a large briefcase. As she passed, Bree noticed the dark circles around her eyes and her jet-black hair.
"Who's that?" Bree whispered to Melissa. Melissa shrugged.
The woman climbed the steps to the stage and walked out to the center. Adjusting the single microphone that had been set up for the auditions, she spoke in a surprisingly pleasant and gentle voice.
A buzz went through the crowd. Mr. Gomez was one of the most popular teachers at the school—many of the students sitting in the auditorium that afternoon were there because of him. Bree could hear the sighs of disappointment throughout the room.
"I was really looking forward to working with Mr. Gomez," she moaned.
One by one the students walked onto the stage, each taking a copy of the play. Bree felt a thrill run through her when she turned and looked out into the sea of empty seats in the auditorium. She pictured herself in the lead role, standing before a cheering crowd, taking her bows, curtain call after curtain call.
"Are you all right, Gabrielle?" someone asked, startling Bree back to reality.
"Oh, yes, sorry, Ms. Hollows," Bree said sheepishly as she picked up a copy of the play and hurried off the stage. Only after she left the stage did Bree realize that she had never told Ms. Hollows her name, especially not her real name. Everyone, except her mother sometimes, called Gabrielle Hart by her nickname, Bree. How did she know? Bree wondered.
"Weird," she said under her breath.
"What's weird?" Melissa asked, falling into step with Bree.
Later that evening Bree curled up in a big, overstuffed chair in her living room and opened the script. "The Last Sleepover," she read aloud. "By M. P. Wormhouse." Bree read on.
CARRIE: Thanks for coming tonight. Ready to hear something creepy?
CARRIE: Years ago, a girl named Millie lived in this house. She was a shy girl who kept to herself most of the time. Although she didn't have a lot of friends, the thing she wanted most in the world was to be invited to a sleepover. She dreamed about hanging out all night in her pajamas, in a sleeping bag, telling stories, eating, laughing . . .
CARRIE: Having pillow fights. All the cool stuff we're doing tonight. Anyway, Millie waited and waited until finally a girl named Gabby had a sleepover. Gabby invited every girl in her class—every girl, that is, except Millie.
CARRIE: I know. Gabby was a bit of a bully. Millie begged her to be allowed to come to the sleepover, but every time she asked, Gabby said no.
CARRIE: I don't know, but that sleepover was only the first of many. At least twice a year, Gabby had a huge sleepover, and each time all the girls in the class were invited except Millie. Then Millie got sick. Very sick. In time she died, having never gotten her wish to attend a sleepover.
LAURA: That is so sad!
RACHEL: It is. But where does the creepy part come in?
CARRIE: I'm getting there. Millie's family moved shortly after her death and sold this house to another family. That family had a little girl. One night, that girl had a sleepover. And that's when the haunting began. Lights flickered on and off, and a strange face appeared outside her bedroom window.
RACHEL: Yeah, right. You're making this up.
CARRIE: I'm not. Promise. I heard the whole story from the old woman who lives next door. She remembers Millie. They went to school together a very long time ago.
CARRIE: It gets creepier. Every girl who has had a sleepover in this house since Millie died has experienced the same things. It's said that Millie's ghost haunts this house and will keep haunting it until she is allowed into a sleepover!
RACHEL: Well, she's not getting into this one!
CARRIE: Nope. Not if I have anything to say about it.
As Bree continued to read the play, she began to get more and more creeped out.
"This play is so dark . . . and there's something else I can't quite put my finger on," she murmured to herself when she had finished reading. She set the script aside. "I wish Ms. Hollows was putting on a happy play, with singing or something. Maybe I should wait to audition next year." But that didn't make Bree feel any better either.
Bree recalled her English teacher describing the feeling of being outside your comfort zone. That the best way to learn and grow was to do something that felt difficult or unfamiliar. Maybe this was the play for her, and maybe she was destined to play Carrie.
Bree described the strange story of The Last Sleepover to her sister.
"Sounds creepy," Megan said when Bree had finished recounting the plot.
Bree picked up the script and stormed off to her room. She would show Megan!
But that night, as Bree drifted off to sleep, she had to admit to herself that she did feel nervous. She couldn't shake the haunting presence of the play and its characters. They felt so real, as if they had entered her life, not as words on a written page but as real people, including a very real-seeming ghost.
She spent the night, tossing and turning, her dreams blending with her waking thoughts. It was the first of many restless nights.


text:
Abdellah Jlaidi, né le , est ancien un footballeur marocain. Il jouait au poste de milieu.

Il a été champion du Maroc en 2009 avec le Raja Casablanca.

Carrière
 1999-2005 : KAC Marrakech
 2005-2006 : HUS Agadir
 2006-2007 : KAC Marrakech
 2007-2010 : Raja Casablanca
 sept.- déc. 2010 : KAC Marrakech
 janv.-juin. 2011 : Wydad de Fès
 sept. 2011-2012 : JS El Massira
 2012-2015 : Olympique Marrakech
 2015-2016 : MC Marrakech

Palmarès
 Champion du Maroc en 2009 avec le Raja de Casablanca

Notes et références

Liens externes

 Biographie d'Abdellah Jlaidi sur lematin.ma

Footballeur marocain
Joueur du Hassania d'Agadir
Joueur du Kawkab de Marrakech
Joueur du Raja Club Athletic
Joueur de la JS El Massira
Joueur du Wydad de Fès
Naissance en mai 1981
Naissance à Marrakech


Dormio Resort Eifeler Tor is located near the Eifel town of Heimbach. A beautiful green region with its green forests and amazing hiking areas. Close to our resort, at only a 40 minutes drive, you can also find the castles of Brühl. These two special castles have been added to the UNESCO World Heritage list.
The UNESCO World Heritage treaty has been in place since 1972. This treaty is intended to be able to better preserve cultural and natural heritage, of unique and universal value for mankind, for future generations. Countries that have signed this treaty have agreed to commit to identification, protection, preservation, accessibility and to transfer cultural heritage within their country borders to generations to come.
The castle Augustusburg is the residence of the prince-archbishops of Cologne. Many famous artists in Europe have worked on its construction, including Balthasar Neumann; he designed an amazing staircase. This castle is a real highlight due to the architecture, sculpturing, paintings and park design. You will also be amazed by the astonishing painted ceiling.
Hunting lodge Falkenlust is a manor built between 1729 and 1737 for Clemens August to practice falconry. This beautiful castle is known for its symmetry and the walls covered with shells and stones.
Falkenlust has two storeys, built in the style of a country house. On the first floor of this beautiful manor you will find an oval salon filled with improvisation, charm and freedom.


Parents and Carers Resource Library.
We now have a resource library for parents and carers to use. The library has a variety of resources from books to games, to use at home with your child as well as a reference section.
If you have any further suggestions for items please let us know. The resource library is based in Learning Support and can be accessed each morning, after school or by making an appointment.
We are always looking for ways to gain your views and ideas. This year at Parent Consultation evenings our governors were available to chat to, and we had a board for you to write your ideas, suggestions and concerns on. The Parent Forum meeting has now been set for 29th September (tbc) and our first item of business is the new report format for parents.
We continue to work towards setting up a parents forum and would welcome your input. Please speak to the school office about this if you would be interested.


Pharmaceutical and biotech firms invest heavily in data collection, but when it comes to making critical business decisions, data flow often becomes data drip. It's much like household plumbing; a fancy faucet doesn't make the water flow any faster if the pipes are rusty or not connected properly. Data "clogs" are inevitable when you consider the huge volume of information that is a hallmark of today's drug research clinical trials, and the complexity of integrating data flows from different legacy, proprietary and homegrown systems.


Livestock guarding dogs (LGDs) are ubiquitous throughout pastoral communities. They possibly are the most common working dogs in the world. In North America or Europe, however, except in transhumance cultures, they have been adopted mostly as purebred pet, and show dogs and sometimes as household guardians. During the last 40 years, in response to changing environmental values, programs have been created to introduce ranchers and farmers to LGDs as one method of non-lethal predator control. One of the major questions is where do we get the thousands of dogs needed to populate North America, Europe, and now South Africa.
With LGD programs in America and Europe showing promise, other countries have created similar ventures. Researchers from established programs have assisted setting up new projects, or helping to solve problems within existing programs. For the four of us, South Africa is our latest endeavor. This report focuses on creating and assisting the introduction and education of South African stockmen to LGDs and compares their acquisition, breeding, training, socialization and costs with other projects in which we have been involved.
Starting in the 1970s, in the USA and Europe, wildlife management laws and attitudes about public policy rapidly changed. Large carnivore populations were locally extinct or endangered. In the USA, conservationists became alarmed at the effect of lethal control of predators on other wildlife species. Traps, poisons, bombs and guns on the western ranges killed not only cougars, coyotes, bears and eagles but other wildlife. In more populated areas lethal control was dangerous to people as well. Thus in the 1970s, legislation against lethal methods of predator control increased.
Because a large segment of the public disapproved of the extermination of predators and endangered species (Reiter et al., 1999; Breitenmoser et al., 2005), programs were created to protect these animals and to restore species in danger of eradication. Endangered species were now encouraged to repopulate regions. Either the remaining individuals were protected (e.g., wolves in the Alps, Portugal, Slovakia, and Italy), or a species was reintroduced into a previously occupied area (e.g., lynx into Switzerland or wolves into Yellowstone National Park).
Thus an immediate need arose for alternative nonlethal methodologies. LGDs were not common in either the USA or Europe. In the USA LGDs were used by the Navajo Indians and some Hispanic cultures (Black, 1981; Black and Green, 1985). English-speaking farmers and ranchers, however, had no memorable cultural history with LGDs. Most European countries had landrace "breeds" which were often thought of as a "national dog" However, the wide use of LGDs was lost during and after World War II, with the few exceptions of landrace dogs associated with Mediterranean transhumance cultures.
In order to demonstrate to US farmers and ranchers the value of Old World LGDs, two projects were created in the late 1970s. The first was at Hampshire College in Massachusetts, funded by private foundations and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (Coppinger et al., 1988). This was a three-part program which 1) studied the behavioral differences between breeds of dogs, 2) ran a cooperator program with 1500 landrace dogs collected and bred from working stock of transhumance pastoralists in Italy, Yugoslavia, and Turkey, and 3) continuously reported research results, cooperator success and failure stories, and the impact of LGDs on all the farms and ranches in the program.
The second project was at the U.S. Sheep Experiment Station in Dubois, Idaho (USDA–APHIS) (Green & Woodruff, 1990b). This study had virtually the same goals and the same sample size of dogs as the Hampshire College study. The main difference between the two projects was where they got their dogs. The Dubois study used mainly LGD breeds ( Great Pyrenees, Komondor, and Kuvasz) recognized by the American Kennel Club ( AKC) and purchased from American breeders, while the Hampshire study used only working dogs collected from pastoralists.
The results of both projects were similar and encouraging. Over 70% of the dogs were successful in reducing predation (Coppinger et al., 1988; Green & Woodruff, 1990a), and no significant differences could be shown between the breeds and the landrace dogs. The most important finding was that both attentive and trustworthy behaviors are a consequence of early puppy socialization with livestock. Protectiveness was simply a consequence of a dog or dogs present among the stock — and this is what deterred predators.
European projects were numerous and similar. University scientists and their students started LGD projects in a dozen countries. LGDs were acquired from breeders (non-working dogs) or from pastoral landrace dogs. Some projects restored ancient landrace dogs, e.g., in Bulgaria (Sedefchev, 2005) or in Portugal (Ribeiro & Petrucci-Fonseca, 2005). Other projects focused on the weakness of some traditional prevention methods and proposed recommendations to increase the efficiency of LGDs (Mertens & Schneider, 2005; Rigg, 2005), while others introduced the use of LGDs in a non-traditional way (e.g., patrolling with a LGD in areas of unattended flocks; Hansen, 2005). Other projects adapted the method of introducing a pup to tourist areas (Landry et al., 2005) and studied the interaction between LGDs and hikers (Landry, 2010), in order to be able to give recommendations for decreasing biting incidents. Only few studies were dedicated to test the efficiency of LGDs against predators (Petrucci-Fonseca et al., 2000; Landry & Raydelet, 2010). Rigg (2001) gave an overview of LGDs. Landry and his colleagues created a research-oriented newsletter (Carnivore Damage Prevention News), dedicated to sharing the experiences among the different European projects. Now there are several thousand LGDs working throughout Europe (about 1500 dogs in the Alps alone). Researchers on both continents attempted to quantify the benefits of LGDs. The studies were done by scientists whose motivations were to test the system and report the results in the scientific and agricultural journals.
Producers in the USA and Europe were convinced by the results and many now claim that LGDs are an integral and valuable part of their business. In the USA, ranchers selecting pups from good working dogs have quickly developed and increased the numbers of second and third generation animals. Regionally — perhaps inadvertently — landrace dogs have begun to evolve. In certain pastoral sections of the USA one finds 90% of the producers using dogs — where there were none in the 1970s. Significantly, dogs are being born and raised on the farms where they are expected to work. Now in many areas one can purchase a locally-adapted dog for a small cost, or sometimes a friend will give you one. This is fairly standard among many pastoral communities around the world.
The introduction of LGDs into South Africa has been quite a different story. Introduction of American and Eurasian LGDs to Africa began in 1994, when the Cheetah Conservation Fund of Namibia imported several Anatolian shepherd dogs and pups and set up a project modeled after the Hampshire College Livestock Dog Project. Since the turn of this century, other conservation agencies have initiated similar projects, including Cheetah Outreach, The Landmark Foundation and the Endangered Wildlife Trust of South Africa, and Cheetah Conservation of Botswana. These organizations actively promote LGDs as a practical and effective way of helping to solve predation conflicts. Until recently, South African conservation groups have tended to focus on one breed, the Anatolian Shepherd.
A breakthrough in South Africa's entry into the LGD world was Johan Gallant's article in Farmers Weekly (4 June 2004) advocating the use of endemic landrace dogs. He wrote about the native guarding dogs of the Zulus, and about the pastoral peoples in the kingdom of Lesotho who had beautiful working LGDs. In 2004, Gallant and Matthew Berry arranged to import Maluti Mountain dogs into South Africa and test their effectiveness on livestock/wildlife conflicts. There are perhaps 100 being tested. Cheetah Conservation Botswana uses only landrace LGDs and have the most exciting program in the region. They give an annual award for "the best LGD" of the year.
LGDs as landrace dogs exist in huge numbers around the world. One estimate, extrapolating from flocks of sheep on migration between Portugal and the Himalayas, counts perhaps 1,600,000 LGDs (Coppinger & Coppinger, 2001). Any dog that has been socialized as puppy and bonded with livestock (sheep, goats, cows, horses, water buffalo, ostrich, etc.) can be considered a LGD. Because they are bonded with the livestock, they are trustworthy with that stock (dogs tend not to show predatory routines to animals they socially bond with) and they are attentive, socializing with animals which they are bonded to. Dogs that are always present with the livestock (distinguishing them from farm or village dogs) provide protection from predators. Predators are cautious and avoid dog(s), or are distracted by them from their predatory routine. The LGD is therefore defined by its function and behavior, not by its morphology. Like household guarding dogs, LGDs behave in a manner appropriate to the socialization they receive as very young pups.
Does that mean that any dog properly bonded will do? The first answer is yes, any type or kind of dog can be bonded with livestock. The second answer is — well, not quite. Chihuahuas won't do. Sick dogs won't do. The dog has to be appropriate for the environment and the culture it serves. LGDs exist in a variety of geographies, climates and pastoral cultures. Big dogs do better in cold regions while desert LGDS tend to be small. In many places, livestock pastures are shared with hikers and campers and it is important not to have big aggressive dogs that bite strangers. There are many considerations that go into the meaning of an "appropriate" LGD. The best way to acquire an appropriate dog is to get a working dog or pups from good working parents from a nearby farm. At this stage of the use of LGDs in South Africa, the culture of using landrace dogs is not widespread. The reason for introduction programs however is that no local LGDs are available. The agency supporting a demonstration project finds the "appropriate" dogs, but quite often the agency is naïve and falls prey to the mythologies of what a LGD does.
There are two major sources of LGDs for these programs: 1) landrace dogs acquired from some distant pastoral community, and 2) purebred LGDs purchased from local or distant breeders. Both have advantages and disadvantages.
1) Landrace LGDs: Most pastoralist societies have LGDs. The size and shape of these dogs are primarily a response to local environmental factors such as climate, with its seasonal extremes, its own parasites, and a culture that includes seasonal nomadic migrations.
In the vast majority of pastoral societies, shepherds have little to no control over LGD reproduction. The phenotype of the landrace LGD is the product of natural selection within the specific pastoral culture.
Landrace LGDs are a product of POST-ZYGOTIC SELECTION (Coppinger & Coppinger, 2005). Pups are already on the ground when selection by humans begins. Pastoralists select from among these pups, based on their management style and often for capricious reasons. Females are often culled for a variety of reasons, and litters are often reduced to one or two pups. Surviving pups may be of a favored color, which becomes popular in the region. Any dog that is disruptive to the livestock husbandry is destroyed at any time during its life cycle. A good-working, favored guardian will be cared for, increasing the likelihood of its reproducing. As a result, regional phenotypic traits appear among those LGDs which have appropriate behavior. These LGDs are the survivors of local parasites, local diseases, and local predators. They adapt or evolve to the region and their job.
2) Purebred LGDs: Breeds are the product of breed clubs. A breed club is usually integrated with a national and/or international kennel club. Breeds are typically created by hobbyists capturing a few specimens of some regional landrace dog working in a contained pastoralist community. For example, the Kangal dog was created from a few pairs of dogs imported into England from Turkey in the 1960s (Derbent & Yilmaz, 2008). A few animals are extracted from a regional landrace population and transported to a country that has kennel clubs. Kennel clubs have rules about how a few landrace dogs are transformed into registered breed. Breed clubs usually require a written breed standard — a description of the ideal phenotype. The phenotype of individual animals is compared at dog shows and individuals that have the "ideal" phenotype are rewarded. These individuals become preferred as sires or dams, resulting in what is known as PRE-ZYGOTICor artificial selection.
The difference between "landrace" and "breeds" is enormous. Landrace dogs exist in large populations randomly breeding over some defined geographical area, e.g., the Pyrenees Mountains, the Anatolian Plateau, Kangal Province, or Turkey, or the Hungarian Pusta, or the Yugoslavian transhumance where the LGDs migrate from Thessaly in Greece to the Sharplanina Mountains of Albania, Macedonia, and Kosovo. A breed is a sexually isolated population not allowed to breed randomly, derived from a few individuals adopted and removed from their place of origin.
Landrace dogs adapt over many generations to a particular region and culture. Breeds are small, sexually-isolated inbred, populations of individually cared for, wormed, vaccinated , sheltered animals that are, now, historical representations of the original landrace population. The problem with purebreds placed back into pastoral cultures after years of being pet or show dogs is that, no matter how perfectly a dog meets the "breed standard," it is not necessarily suitable for the conditions of an adopted livestock setting. Selection by breeders for size, shape or color has little to do with whether it is bonded to livestock and displaying an appropriate behavior for the adopted pastoral culture.
Many different kinds of problems arise when setting up demonstration LGD programs . For the Americans the problem was that the nearest landrace dogs were thousands of miles away in Europe and Turkey and breeders charged show dog prices. Why didn't they use Navajo or Hispanic landrace LGDs? In the early days of the projects "everybody" thought that LGDs were distinct "breeds." The Navajo dogs looked like mongrels. None of the project leaders came to the conclusion that Navajo dogs were a smallish landrace population perfectly adapted to a semi-arid scrub environment. Everybody thought LGDs were supposed to be big. Nobody realized that five 17kg LGDs were much more effective than one 85kg dog bred for the show ring.
The big problem with bringing landrace dogs from Europe and Asia Minor to the USA was that dog fanciers made them into a breed. The original few imported transhumance dogs are now a sexually isolated population and prone to all the genetic and inbreeding problems that purebreds have. The Hampshire program crossbred the imported landrace dogs and kept records on these as well as those that were bred to their own breed. The American agricultural community understands the concepts of hybrid vigor so that wasn't a problem. But it was a problem for the breeders who thought their breed was being corrupted.
Most of the dogs sponsored by the Landmark Foundation, the Endangered Wildlife Trust, and Cheetah Outreach in South Africa have been Anatolian shepherds, obtained locally, with a few imported individuals. Anatolians are the only LGD breed which is available locally. They were deemed very successful in the Namibian project. Interestingly, the Namibian stock came from landrace dogs that Coppinger collected in Turkey in the 1980s. He selected dogs that were not too big and that did not show aggressive personalities. Selection was for working LGDs that would be appropriate to the America farm. Also, interestingly, many of the dogs he collected became founding stock for the newly emerging (1996) Anatolian Shepherd Dog Club of America. In gratitude members of that new club donated dogs to the Hampshire College project, which funded the first Anatolians for Namibia.
By the time those dogs got to South Africa, the myth that came with them was that they were big, fierce, and specially bred for 7000 years to kill predators. Mythology is fun until it begins to interfere with reality and policy. Many breeders and conservationists exaggerate the assumed inherited qualities of "breed", and that diverts the attention from the essential puppy development processes. You cannot raise a litter of nine pups in a garage or pen with three sheep and expect to get nine LGDs. It does not matter what breed they are!
Mythology also exaggerates the overall image in the mind of the general public of big, ferocious dogs, bred to kill. Those visions have alarmed people in the USA and Europe and motivated policy-makers to discuss whether there should be laws forbidding big, vicious dogs from the range and holding shepherds criminally liable for being reckless.
Purchasing purebred LGDs is often prohibitive for both farmers and conservation projects. Paying for a papered purebred, to stand out in some wilderness area protecting sheep, borders on the absurd. What are the chances it has been raised correctly? It is really hard to educate people that success of the system is not in the dog's genetics, but in its first few months of life.
In South Africa, working LGDs are very often neutered. Purchasing neutered animals from breeders, who in some cases are trying to retain control of production and sales, is counter-productive to a developing regional program. The economics are straightforward. The average ranch dog lives 18 months and the average fenced-ranch dog lives 33 months (Lorenz et al., 1986). Only 70% of the surviving "started" dogs become working LGDs (Coppinger et al., 1988). There are 50,000 livestock producers in South Africa, meaning there would have to be 65,000 LGDs on about a three-year rotation. Those of us interested in conservation of wildlife have to ask — where are those dogs going to come from and how much are they going to cost?
The point is that there are sources of landrace dogs in and around South Africa. The producers need a supply of a working stock that can reproduce itself. Under those conditions, nature and natural selection will result in new and local landraces. We know that is not what the dog breeding community wants to hear, but it is what the stock producers practicing non-lethal predator control needs to hear.
The control and Monopoly of certain LGD breeds has also taken place here in the USA. Sadly, LGDs that could have become widely used, are still not very common.
Without the stock to test and breed, they will never become utilized in but a few places. And the practice of spaying, or castrateing at 8 weeks in order to maintain this control should not be accepted.
Brian I totally agree with you!
Sarplaninc this is a very interesting essay, but I was hoping there would be more. There is no organized way to test and identify superior dogs, yet I think that there could be, taking an idea from the Fjord horse evaluation, where each trait, in the case of LGDs, behavioral traits, are assigned a score. (In Fjord horses, the horse performs a test and is scored on work ethic, disposition, etc). Scoring would be on the offspring, not on the breeding stock itself. This helps keep the scoring more objective because it would be in the hands of puppy owners, not the owners of sires and dams. for example three core traits are 1) trustworthiness (safe with sheep) 2) attentiveness (stays with sheep) 3) protectiveness (protects the sheep). These traits could be assigned 20 points each. Other traits could include some basic structural traits (bite, feet and legs), and attitude toward people with the idea to just describe the attitude not try to select for one or the other (some people want dogs that dislike people, other people want friendly dogs). with a total of 100 points. Breeders would then ask puppy buyers to submit a score sheet to a central organization at 8 months, 18 months, and 30 months of age.
A scoring system like this can help breeders identify matings that produce more trustworthy and attentive dogs for example. Or should a buyer be looking for a line that is more trustworthy, they could help identify potential litters that score higher in this trait than the average. Presently the only information available for pup selection is just the owner's description, and as many producers produce just a few litters in their careers, few have any standard to evaluate their dogs against.
screened for negative environmental factors?
With few pups raised on the same farm, at the same time with the same livestock exposure and scoring applied by owners with varying degrees of LGD experience and somewhat differing goals for the dogs, how can any scoring system be of reliable value?
Darroll Grant wrote: With few pups raised on the same farm, at the same time with the same livestock exposure and scoring applied by owners with varying degrees of LGD experience and somewhat differing goals for the dogs, how can any scoring system be of reliable value?
Mostly because something is better than nothing. The only place this would be really useful (and I am only throwing this out there for some thought...not as a finished solution with all the answers)... is in identifying sires that offer a degree of predictability in certain traits. i.e. it might help find a sires or dams who excells in trustworthiness because their pups as a whole scored higher, or in attentiveness etc.
Mary, having pups in many different envirnoments might be a benefit not a detriment, because data from good rearing environments helps overcome the odd bad environment.
I am not against a scoring system....I am just wondering out loud how one would create a scoring system that would work as a general screening tool that would flesh out realistic traits for a LGD versus personal desires for a LGD. I think that it would need to reflect not only the dogs traits but somehow also gauge how important certain traits are to each owner.
On a score of 1- 10 (10 being the most important) how important do you rate your need for a LGD to stay within it's property boundaries.
On a score of 1- 10 (10 being the most important) how important do you rate your need for a LGD to be calm with lambs.
I myself would not like to see a scoring of conformation of the dogs since the dogs will then be subjected to a conformation style of judgement that is best reserved for show dogs, not working dogs....and there is a big difference.
Perhaps instead of a conformational approach, an overall physical performance based approach may work better, as in : "general hardiness/agility-ability/endurance" ?
I think you can weed out the subjectiveness a bit by qualifying what is attentive. i.e. instead of judging the dog as attentive or not, rank the dog by the distance it will travel from the flock i.e. 0-500 ft, 500ft to 1/4 mile, 1/4 mile to 1/2 mile and so on. this can be further refined by asking this question twice...how far does the dog usually travel, and what is the furthest distance the dog was ever found from the flock.
I'm not trained in survey techniques, but I'm sure there are ways to tease out the facts from the preferences.
i really do think that a survey would be a good idea.
When I sell pups I give a performance guarantee, but that guarantee requires that the owner stay in contact with me on a regular basis for the first year, and also into the second year (but not quite so much). One thing that the monthly feedback has done for me is to give me a more thorough understanding of the workability of our dogs in different situations and at a faster rate than I normally would discover by other means. It's the closest thing that I have had to an actual survey and the contact from the owners has definitely helped me to identify unique behavior and temperament traits that are prevalent amongst different bloodlines over a period of time. So let's do it!
Mary, as you know, I do the same (require the buyer stay in touch and follow recommendations) to help assure a good outcome and so as to be able to honor a guarantee. The problem I've seen is we need more objective terms to evaluate performance. From the guarantee pov it is pretty simple in that either the dog is working out or it is not and then we can discuss why, but from the perspective of genetic evaluation, we need to have some kind of scale for each trait.
That's correct Janet, I was agreeing with you and I was using my protracted contact with the new LGD owner as an example of the possibility of success a survey could have. No matter how "non perfect" it may be....extra information can be very valuable.
so we need to decide what traits to evaluate, and how to score them. Suggestions?
I think it depends on a breeders' definition of "negative environmental factors" or "improper raising". If proper raising and environment means raising pups in positive containment and under close supervision this might actually allow negative traits to be masked.
Although today many LGDs go into small, easy to control situations some go to more extensive range operations where dog-proof fencing and close supervision isn't possible. Identifying LGD lines/breeds that stay with and reliably protect sheep in these situations is important too.
Hi Kathy, you raise a good point about masking traits, but I would disagree that smaller closely contained situations are more likely to hide bad behavior. In my experience nothing brings out the bad in a dog than boredom, and boredom is the result of a pup living in too small a space with too little 'real' work to do. I've had my best luck with ranchers on larger properties who do not confine the dog tightly. My assumption is that these pups do not get bored.


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Study: 20 minutes in nature reduces stress hormone levels
The study, completed by University of Michigan researchers, MaryCarol Hunter, Brenda Gillespie and Sophie Yu-Pu Chen, was released Thursday.
Study: 20 minutes in nature reduces stress hormone levels The study, completed by University of Michigan researchers, MaryCarol Hunter, Brenda Gillespie and Sophie Yu-Pu Chen, was released Thursday. Check out this story on Freep.com: https://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/2019/04/04/stress-blood-pressure-cholesterol-nature/3362288002/
DeJanay Booth, Detroit Free Press Published 10:21 a.m. ET April 4, 2019 | Updated 5:17 p.m. ET April 4, 2019
If you are thinking of starting a family and live in a big metropolis you might want to consider moving somewhere greener. Susana Victoria Perez has more. Buzz60
Twenty minutes.
At least that much time a day spent outside that can help reduce stress hormone levels, according to a new study.
The study, completed by University of Michigan researchers, MaryCarol Hunter, Brenda Gillespie and Sophie Yu-Pu Chen, was released Thursday. It concluded that an efficient "nature pill" — 20 to 30 minutes walking, sitting or completing a physical activity outside or interacting with nature — can reduce health issues such as chronic stress, blood pressure, cholesterol, heart disease and weight.
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Hunter said the study was developed for health care practitioners to utilize when giving patients a "nature-pill prescription."
"For a while, people have been trying to put a number on how much nature is needed," Hunter told the Free Press Thursday. "Health care professionals have different answers."
About 44 people from Ann Arbor participated in an eight-week summer study in June 2014 and had a nature experience three times a week.
Hunter said the participants were allowed to decide what they did and where they went to be in tune with nature. She, Chen and Gillespie concluded 20 minutes because statistics showed a graduate decrease in stress. But they also noticed a dramatic decrease in stress after an additional 10 minutes.
"Thirty minutes is the ideal time for the greatest stress reduction. But 20 minutes is sufficient," she said.
The biggest challenge for people is commitment, Hunter said, and choosing to stop what they're doing to enjoy the outdoors for 20 minutes a day. But Hunter said any time away from busy schedules and cellphones can improve an individual's health.
"Start with five minutes and see where it takes you," she said.
Read or Share this story: https://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/2019/04/04/stress-blood-pressure-cholesterol-nature/3362288002/


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Q: python error message: TypeError: missing 1 required positional argument: 'self' I'm trying to use a class, but I have this error:
TypeError: search() missing 1 required positional argument: 'self'

This is my code:
class School:
    def search(self):
        ... # do some stuff

harva = School()
School.search()

A: Your final line is incorrect: you must (il faut que vous) invoke an instance method by calling it with an instance, not with the class:
harva.search()

When you call the method as a class method, it needs the instance:
School.search(harva)

However, you should use the first version.

In the future, don't write so much code at once.  You should try to invoke the method before you have written all of that.

A: I think you mean harva.search() instead of School.search().
You defined search as an instance method. You must call it on an instance of school, and not on School class itself.

A: In object-oriented programming...the basic fundamental element is an object and a class along with its member variables & member functions can only be accessed through an instance of that class i.e again object.
class School():
   def search(self):
   ...#some code

harva = School()
harva.search()

You can access a function inside a class without creating an instance of that class.
Such functions are called as static functions.


text:
Police Say Missing Teen Jayme Closs Was Home When Her Parents Were Murdered
By Emy LaCroix
As police become more and more desperate to find missing 13-year-old Jayme Closs, they are revealing more information to the public. On Oct. 17, Barron County, WI, Sheriff, Chris Fitzgerald, announced that his team is confident that Jayme was in the house when her parents were murdered.
"We believe Jayme was in the home at the time of the homicides and we believe she's still in danger," he said, three days after the horrific crimes, according to ABC Action News. While there has so far been no trace of Jayme found anywhere, he still think she hasn't been killed. "[There's a] 100 percent expectation that she's alive," at this point, said the sheriff.
An Amber Alert was issued for Jayme on Monday, Oct. 15, but while hundreds of good Samaritans have sent in tips, none have lead to Jayme's whereabouts, a potential killer, or a motive for why someone would want to kill James Closs, 56, and Denise Closs, 46.
Right now, the best info authorities have is coming from the 911 tapes. Though no one ever spoke directly to the dispatcher during the attack, someone in the house dialed the number, and four minutes later police were at the home. Unfortunately it was too late. Now the FBI is looking at the tapes, which have places Jayme in the home at the time. They also know whose cell phone the call came from, though so far they haven't revealed that information. No vehicles were at the home when the police got there, and police have been able to confirm that Jayme didn't just flee into the woods.
Jayme Closs is 5 feet tall, weighs 100 pounds and has green eyes and blond or strawberry blond hair, the sheriff's department said. Anyone with information can call the tip line at 1-855-744-3879. Our thoughts are with friends and family of the Closses at this horrible time.
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Requesting Parole for Humanitarian Reasons to Enter the U.S.
Posted at 11:23h in Consulates, For Individuals, Homeland Security, NewsBrief, Travel, USCIS News, Worker by Shay Taylor
Humanitarian parole is a discretionary benefit that may be granted to allow a foreign national, who is otherwise inadmissible to the United States, to enter for a temporary period due to urgent humanitarian reasons.
Filing for Humanitarian Parole with USCIS
To apply for humanitarian parole, one may file an application for travel document (form I-131) and an affidavit of support (form I-134) with the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). Some examples provided by the USCIS of situations in which humanitarian or significant public benefit parole may be granted include if the foreign national requires an emergency medical procedure, wishes to attend the funeral of a relative, needs to attend a civil legal proceeding, or seeks reunification with a minor child.
This form of parole is not to be used in place of obtaining a visa, or circumventing normal immigration procedures, and typically will only be considered if all other avenues for entry to the U.S. have been exhausted. At present, one reason a foreign national may be inadmissible to the United States is that the individual is unable to secure a nonimmigrant visa because the pandemic has forced consulates to suspend routine visa service. This alone is unlikely to satisfy the requirement of evidencing a humanitarian or significant public benefit reason. But it certainly can be used as part of the argument as to why such parole should be granted.
The application process with the USCIS can take several months. However, it is possible to ask the USCIS to expedite the application.
Requesting Humanitarian Parole at the Port of Entry
Rather than applying with the USCIS, it is possible to request humanitarian or significant public benefit parole from U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) at a U.S. port of entry (POE). At the POE, the foreign national would need to evidence the urgent humanitarian reason or significant public benefit, and explain why there was no other means of obtaining lawful admission to the United States.
Note that airlines typically will not allow a foreign national to board a plane bound for the U.S. if the individual is not in possession of a valid entry document. Therefore, applying at a POE is not always practical.
Significant Public Benefit Parole
In addition to paroling a person in for humanitarian reasons, parole can also be granted based on a "significant public benefit." Historically, however, this form of parole typically is administered by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), and is reserved for persons of law enforcement interest, such as witnesses to judicial proceedings.
Humanitarian parole is an extraordinary measure, so the foreign national must be prepared to provide compelling evidence as to why the benefit should be granted. The Murthy Law Firm has experience in assisting foreign nationals with applying for this discretionary benefit.
Consulates, For Individuals, Homeland Security, Travel, USCIS News, Worker