text:
Q: Show duplicate entries removed by a set I expect the below program to print the duplicate entries, which were removed by the Set.
But it always prints a empty array. What could be wrong?

public class HelloWorld{
    public static void main(String[] args){
        String str="HelloWorld";
        String[] strChar=str.split("");

        //Remove the duplicates
        Set<String> strSet=new LinkedHashSet<String>(Arrays.asList(strChar));

        List<String> strList=new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList(strChar));
        System.out.println(strList);
        System.out.println(strSet);

        //Show the duplicate entries that were removed by the set
        strList.removeAll(strSet);

        System.out.println(strList);
    }
}```

A: The strSet contains ['H', 'e', 'l', 'o', 'W', 'r', 'd'] that corresponding all of items in the strList (once of each item) so when you call strList.removeAll(strSet); all of items in the list will be removed.
You can write the following code to find duplicate characters.
String str="HelloWorld";
String[] split = str.split("");
Map<String, Integer> charRepeat = new HashMap<>();
for (String c : split) {
  charRepeat.put(c, charRepeat.containsKey(c) ? charRepeat.get(c) + 1 : 1);
}
charRepeat.entrySet().stream()
        .filter(entry -> entry.getValue() > 1)
        .forEach(entry -> System.out.println(entry.getKey()));

A: Output of the provided code:
$ javac HelloWorld.java && java HelloWorld
[H, e, l, l, o, W, o, r, l, d]
[H, e, l, o, W, r, d]
[]

The line:
System.out.println(strList);

is displaying empty set because of all the entries are removed because of the below statement
strList.removeAll(strSet);#serSet is having [H, e, l, o, W, r, d] removeAll will make strList empty

The output is correct.
Solution
Below program displays the duplicate values which are removed.Here we are using map to map each character to the occurance of character if. If it occurs more than one time it means it was removed .
import java.util.*;

public class HelloWorld{
    public static void main(String[] args){
        String str="HelloWorld";
        String[] strChar=str.split("");

        //Remove the duplicates
        Set<String> strSet=new LinkedHashSet<String>(Arrays.asList(strChar));

        List<String> strList=new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList(strChar));
        System.out.println(strList);
        System.out.println(strSet);

        //Show the duplicate entries that were removed by the set
        strList.removeAll(strSet);

    //Using map to remember the occurence of characters
    Map<Character,Integer> map = new LinkedHashMap<>();
    for(char ch : str.toCharArray())
        if(map.containsKey(ch))
            map.put(ch, map.get(ch)+1);
        else map.put(ch, 1);
    var out = System.out;
    //The duplicate entries which were remove are below
    for(var entry : map.entrySet())
        if(entry.getValue() != 1)
            out.print(entry.getKey()+" ");
    out.println();

        //System.out.println(strList);
    }
}

Output:
$ javac HelloWorld.java && java HelloWorld
[H, e, l, l, o, W, o, r, l, d]
[H, e, l, o, W, r, d]
l o

l and o are removed because they occur multiple times

A: strList.removeAll(strSet);

This is your error line. In this line the list will remove any elements that match with the provided elements that you pass as parameter (strSet). They will be removed not only once but more than once if some element matches.
The following however will work because remove method on list, removes only the first occurance and not all matching elements of list!
public class Main
{
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        String str="HelloWorld";
        String[] strChar=str.split("");
        List<String> strList=new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList(strChar));

        //Remove the duplicates
        Set<String> strSet=new LinkedHashSet<String>(Arrays.asList(strChar));

        strSet.forEach(element -> {
            if (strList.contains(element)){
                strList.remove(element);
             }
        });

        System.out.println(strList);
    }
}

A: As others mentioned, error comes from removeAll as it removes all occurences.
Method add in Sets returns true if element was added, otherwise false - for a set that means element already exists in it. I think in your case it's more intuitive to use this method. I'll also use Character for elements in collections, because string with length 1 is basically equivalent to a char.
public class Duplicates {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String str = "HelloWorld";
        //Hold unique elements
        Set<Character> uniqueLetters = new LinkedHashSet<>();
        //Hold duplicates
        List<Character> duplicates = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int charIndex = 0; charIndex < str.length(); charIndex++) {
            char letter = str.charAt(charIndex);
            boolean isAdded = uniqueLetters.add(letter);
            if (!isAdded) {
                //if isAdded is false, letter already exists in set
                duplicates.add(letter);
            }
        }
        System.out.println(uniqueLetters);
        System.out.println(duplicates);
    }
}

This will print:
unique letters - [H, e, l, o, W, r, d]
duplicated letters - [l, o, l]

l exists twice, because it existed 3 times(and consequently was a duplicate twice). If you need it to appear only once in duplicates, just change List to a Set.

A: Because sets are more efficient for removal I would do it like this.
String str="HelloWorld";
String[] strChar=str.toLowerCase().split("");
Set<String> dups = new HashSet<>();
Set<String> nonDups = new HashSet<>();
for (String v : strChar) {
    nonDups.add(v);
    if(!dups.add(v)) {
        nonDups.remove(v);
    }
}
dups.removeAll(nonDups);
System.out.println(dups);

prints
[l, o]

If would like to get a count of the duplicates, you can do it like this.

*

*create a Map<Character, Integer> to count occurrence of each character

*iterate over the characters and if the value is null, set to 1, otherwise, add 1 to existing value.

*then simply iterate the entrySet and print those whose count is > 1
String str="HelloWorld";
Map<Character, Integer> counts = new HashMap<>();
for (char ch : str.toCharArray()) {
    counts.compute(ch, (k,v)->v ==null ? 1 : v+1);
}
counts.entrySet().forEach(e-> {
    if (e.getValue() > 1) {
        System.out.println(e);
    }
});

prints
l=3
o=2


text:
<?php
class GProjectException extends Exception { }

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
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-->
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <bean id="AwardBudgetLimit" parent="AwardBudgetLimit-parentBean" />
    <bean id="AwardBudgetLimit-parentBean" abstract="true" parent="BusinessObjectEntry">
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        <property name="titleAttribute" value="limitTypeCode" />
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                <ref bean="AwardBudgetLimit-versionNumber" />
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    <bean id="AwardBudgetLimit-budgetLimitId" parent="AwardBudgetLimit-budgetLimitId-parentBean" />
    <bean id="AwardBudgetLimit-budgetLimitId-parentBean" abstract="true" parent="AttributeDefinition" >
        <property name="name" value="budgetLimitId" />
        <property name="forceUppercase" value="false" />
        <property name="label" value="Award Budget Limit Id" />
        <property name="shortLabel" value="Award Budget Limit Id" />
        <property name="maxLength" value="22" />
        <property name="validationPattern" >
      		<bean parent="NumericValidationPattern" />
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    <property name="validCharactersConstraint">
      <bean parent="NumericPatternConstraint"/>
    </property>
        <property name="control" >
      <bean parent="TextControlDefinition" p:size="12"/>
    </property>
    <property name="controlField">
      <bean p:size="12" parent="Uif-TextControl"/>
        </property>
        <property name="summary" value="Award Budget Limit Id" />
        <property name="description" value="Award Budget Limit Id" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="AwardBudgetLimit-limitTypeCode" parent="AwardBudgetLimit-limitTypeCode-parentBean" />
    <bean id="AwardBudgetLimit-limitTypeCode-parentBean" abstract="true" parent="AttributeDefinition" >
        <property name="name" value="limitTypeCode" />
        <property name="forceUppercase" value="false" />
        <property name="label" value="Budget Limit Type Code" />
        <property name="shortLabel" value="Budget Limit Type Code" />
        <property name="maxLength" value="100" />
        <property name="validationPattern">
      <bean parent="AnyCharacterValidationPattern" p:allowWhitespace="false"/>
    </property>
    <property name="validCharactersConstraint">
      <bean parent="AnyCharacterPatternConstraint">
        <property name="allowWhitespace" value="false"/>
      </bean>
    	</property>
    	<property name="control" >
      <bean parent="TextControlDefinition" p:size="12"/>
    </property>
    <property name="controlField">
      <bean p:size="12" parent="Uif-TextControl"/>
        </property>
        <property name="required" value="true" />
        <property name="summary" value="Budget Limit Type Code" />
        <property name="description" value="Budget Limit Type Code" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="AwardBudgetLimit-limit" parent="AwardBudgetLimit-limit-parentBean" />
    <bean id="AwardBudgetLimit-limit-parentBean" abstract="true" parent="KraAttributeReferenceDummy-genericAmount" >
        <property name="name" value="limit" />
        <property name="label" value="Budget Limit" />
        <property name="shortLabel" value="Budget Limit" />
        <property name="summary" value="Budget Limit" />
        <property name="description" value="Budget Limit" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="AwardBudgetLimit-versionNumber" parent="AwardBudgetLimit-versionNumber-parentBean" />
  <bean id="AwardBudgetLimit-versionNumber-parentBean" abstract="true" parent="AttributeReferenceDummy-versionNumber"/>
</beans>


Brandon Turbeville: Syrian Military Closes In On U.S. Positions In Al-Tanf, Syria; What Will Be The American Response?
Syrian Military Closes In On U.S. Positions In Al-Tanf, Syria; What Will Be The American Response?
Recently, the Syrian Arab Army and its allies Hashd al-Sha'abi (Iraqi paramilitary forces) and Liwaa Fatemiyoun (Iranian-Afghani paramilitary forces) captured several points from the Western-backed Free Syrian Army in al-Sweida.
The Syrian military is, according to a military source cited by al-Masdar News, making a major push toward the al-Tanf Crossing.
The recent military gains puts the SAA within striking distances of al-Tanf and the al-Tanf Airbase in the Homs Governate.
We now await the response of the United States as the SAA recaptures more of its territory near al-Tanf. If the U.S. has any desire to avoid a third world war, it would be wise to simply vacate al-Tanf and allow it to be returned to its rightful owners.


In The Chasm, bestselling novelist Randy Alcorn weaves a supernatural interplay of wills and motives, lusts and longings, love and sacrifice. It's a potent mix that will leave you wondering: Do I really understand this world I live in? Do I really understand myself? Is there more to all this than I've ever dared hope?
…and they know why it's so important to take hold of the dreams you once had and see God fulfill them. In this eight-week devotional, John and Stasi will guide you and your spouse to see God's heart for your marriage more clearly.
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Kay Arthur knows about emotional pain first hand, both from her own life and from the scores of people she has counseled over the years. Now she brings her vast knowledge of Scripture to bear on this difficult subject in a compassionate and helpful way. Both people who are hurting and all those who counsel such people will find this book useful.


text:
Murfreesboro Criminal Defense Lawyer Explains DNA Basics
Dinah Michael Criminal Law
We've all seen how DNA evidence can save the day on television or in a novel, but how does it work in real life? Although it doesn't always save the day, the ability to gather, analyze, and match DNA evidence has certainly changed the criminal justice system in a notable way. The science behind DNA profiling is extremely complicated; however, a Murfreesboro criminal defense lawyer explains the basics of how DNA is gathered and used in a criminal prosecution.
What Is DNA?
The acronym "DNA" is short for deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information for those living organisms, including humans. Your DNA can be found in blood, semen, saliva, urine, feces, hair, teeth, bone, tissue, and cells. Although 99.9 percent of human DNA sequences share the same in every person, enough of the DNA is different that it is possible to distinguish one individual from another, unless they are monozygotic ("identical") twins.
How Is DNA Evidence Collected at a Crime Scene?
When a crime has been committed, the job of the responding law enforcement agency is to figure out and/or apprehend the perpetrator of the crime. The prosecuting attorney's job is to bring the suspect to trial and secure a guilty verdict. To do that, the prosecutor needs evidence that the suspect did, in fact, commit the crime in question. A police offer might come across all different types of evidence during a search and seizure, including opportunities to collect DNA evidence. DNA might be extracted from common items such as clothing, weapons, glasses or bottles, a hairbrush, or a cigarette butt. If a person touched an object or weapon, skin cells may have been left behind. This low-level DNA is sometimes referred to as "touch DNA". It can even be collected from a victim's skin or bruises where they were handled roughly. Low-level DNA samples may be helpful when examining evidence where it would be difficult to retrieve fingerprints—such as textured surfaces on gun handles or automobile dashboards.
Using DNA Evidence to Help Solve a Crime
DNA left behind at a crime scene can only help if compared to a suspect's DNA. To compare the victim's or suspect's DNA profile to the recovered crime-scene DNA, the laboratory will need to have their known biological samples available for a side-by-side comparison. These known samples are called reference samples. In some jurisdictions, a DNA sample is routinely taken from an arrestee during the process of booking and fingerprinting. The United States maintains the largest DNA database, with the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) holding over 9 million records as of 2011. When DNA evidence is uncovered as part of a criminal investigation it will be run through CODIS to check for a match. Sometimes people close to the investigation will also be asked to voluntarily provide a DNA sample to exclude them as a suspect, or in the hope of finding the perpetrator. Because taking a DNA sample has long been considered a "search and seizure" by the courts, the police cannot force you to give a DNA sample unless the officer has first obtained a warrant signed by a judge.
How Accurate Is DNA Evidence?
The accuracy of DNA evidence depends, in large part, on how carefully it is handled and which procedures are used compare the samples. Given the odds of anyone else in the entire world having your exact DNA are astronomical, unless you have a twin, it can be an excellent criminal investigation tool. When carefully handled it can be used to place a suspect at the scene of a crime. Of course, mistakes are made in the handling of DNA evidence which is why you need an experienced criminal defense attorney on your side if the State plans to use DNA evidence against you in a criminal prosecution.
Contact a Murfreesboro Criminal Defense Lawyer
If you have been accused of a criminal offense in the State of Tennessee, it is in your best interest to consult with an experienced Tennessee criminal defense lawyer at Bennett, Michael & Hornsby as soon as possible to ensure that your rights are protected. Contact the team today by calling 615-898-1560 to schedule your appointment.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
<?php

namespace AppBundle\Controller;

use AppBundle\Entity\CfgTipoInfractor;
use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\Controller;
use Sensio\Bundle\FrameworkExtraBundle\Configuration\Method;
use Sensio\Bundle\FrameworkExtraBundle\Configuration\Route;use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request;

/**
 * Cfgtipoinfractor controller.
 *
 * @Route("cfgtipoinfractor")
 */
class CfgTipoInfractorController extends Controller
{
    /**
     * Lists all cfgTipoInfractor entities.
     *
     * @Route("/", name="cfgtipoinfractor_index")
     * @Method("GET")
     */
    public function indexAction()
    {
        $helpers = $this->get("app.helpers");
        $em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();
        $tipos = $em->getRepository('AppBundle:CfgTipoInfractor')->findBy(
            array('activo' => true)
        );

        $response['data'] = array();

        if ($tipos) {
            $response = array(
                'status' => 'success',
                'code' => 200,
                'message' => count($tipos)." registros encontrados",
                'data'=> $tipos,
            );
        }

        return $helpers->json($response);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new cfgTipoInfractor entity.
     *
     * @Route("/new", name="cfgtipoinfractor_new")
     * @Method({"GET", "POST"})
     */
    public function newAction(Request $request)
    {
        $helpers = $this->get("app.helpers");
        $hash = $request->get("authorization", null);
        $authCheck = $helpers->authCheck($hash);
        if ($authCheck== true) {
            $json = $request->get("json",null);
            $params = json_decode($json);

            /*if (count($params)==0) {
                $response = array(
                    'status' => 'error',
                    'code' => 400,
                    'message' => "los campos no pueden estar vacios",
                );
            }else{*/
                $tipo = new CfgTipoInfractor();

                $tipo->setNombre($params->nombre);
                $tipo->setActivo(true);

                $em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();
                $em->persist($tipo);
                $em->flush();

                $response = array(
                    'status' => 'success',
                    'code' => 200,
                    'message' => "Registro creado con exito",
                );
            //}
        }else{
            $response = array(
                'status' => 'error',
                'code' => 400,
                'message' => "Autorizacion no valida",
            );
        }
        return $helpers->json($response);
    }

    /**
     * Finds and displays a cfgTipoInfractor entity.
     *
     * @Route("/{id}/show", name="cfgtipoinfractor_show")
     * @Method("GET")
     */
    public function showAction(CfgTipoInfractor $cfgTipoInfractor)
    {
        $deleteForm = $this->createDeleteForm($cfgTipoInfractor);

        return $this->render('cfgtipoinfractor/show.html.twig', array(
            'cfgTipoInfractor' => $cfgTipoInfractor,
            'delete_form' => $deleteForm->createView(),
        ));
    }

    /**
     * Displays a form to edit an existing cfgTipoInfractor entity.
     *
     * @Route("/edit", name="cfgtipoinfractor_edit")
     * @Method({"GET", "POST"})
     */
    public function editAction(Request $request)
    {
        $helpers = $this->get("app.helpers");
        $hash = $request->get("authorization", null);
        $authCheck = $helpers->authCheck($hash);

        if ($authCheck==true) {
            $json = $request->get("json",null);
            $params = json_decode($json);

            $em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();
            $tipo = $em->getRepository("AppBundle:CfgTipoInfractor")->find($params->id);

            if ($tipo!=null) {
                $tipo->setNombre($params->nombre);

                $em->flush();

                $response = array(
                    'status' => 'success',
                    'code' => 200,
                    'message' => "Registro actualizado con exito",
                    'data'=> $tipo,
                );
            }else{
                $response = array(
                    'status' => 'error',
                    'code' => 400,
                    'message' => "El registro no se encuentra en la base de datos",
                );
            }
        }else{
            $response = array(
                    'status' => 'error',
                    'code' => 400,
                    'message' => "Autorizacion no valida para editar",
                );
        }

        return $helpers->json($response);
    }

    /**
     * Deletes a cfgTipoInfractor entity.
     *
     * @Route("/{id}/delete", name="cfgtipoinfractor_delete")
     * @Method("DELETE")
     */
    public function deleteAction(Request $request, CfgTipoInfractor $cfgTipoInfractor)
    {
        $form = $this->createDeleteForm($cfgTipoInfractor);
        $form->handleRequest($request);

        if ($form->isSubmitted() && $form->isValid()) {
            $em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();
            $em->remove($cfgTipoInfractor);
            $em->flush();
        }

        return $this->redirectToRoute('cfgtipoinfractor_index');
    }

    /**
     * Creates a form to delete a cfgTipoInfractor entity.
     *
     * @param CfgTipoInfractor $cfgTipoInfractor The cfgTipoInfractor entity
     *
     * @return \Symfony\Component\Form\Form The form
     */
    private function createDeleteForm(CfgTipoInfractor $cfgTipoInfractor)
    {
        return $this->createFormBuilder()
            ->setAction($this->generateUrl('cfgtipoinfractor_delete', array('id' => $cfgTipoInfractor->getId())))
            ->setMethod('DELETE')
            ->getForm()
        ;
    }

    /**
     * datos para select 2
     *
     * @Route("/select", name="cfgtipoinfractor_select")
     * @Method({"GET", "POST"})
     */
    public function selectAction()
    {
        $helpers = $this->get("app.helpers");
        $em = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

        $tipos = $em->getRepository('AppBundle:CfgTipoInfractor')->findBy(
            array('activo' => true)
        );

        $response = null;

        foreach ($tipos as $key => $tipo) {
            $response[$key] = array(
                'value' => $tipo->getId(),
                'label' => $tipo->getNombre()
            );
        }
        return $helpers->json($response);
    }
}


text:
Madagascar FA chief Ahmad elected as new CAF president
African Soccer CAF Soccer Sport
Madagascar Football Association chief Ahmad Ahmad has been elected Confederation of African Football president, ending Issa Hayatou's 29-year reign.
Ahmad won 34 of the 54 votes in the election, which was held in Ethiopia's capital Addis Ababa on Thursday.
The result means a change in leadership for the first time since Cameroonian Hayatou took charge in 1988.
Ahmad, who appeared very emotional, becomes only the seventh Caf president in the body's 60-year history.
The 57-year-old, who goes by a single name, told BBC Sport afterwards: "I can't talk at this time. Only one thing – I thank God, I thank my team.
"We worked hard but we won. That was the first step. The second step is to develop African football.
"Some days I thought I would win – today I didn't (think I would win)."
The result was greeted by cheers at the Caf congress as Ahmad was carried on the shoulders of jubilant supporters to the podium after the result was announced.
In contrast, Hayatou was led from the auditorium by aides but he told reporters as he departed: "It is not that bad."
Read more at: BBC Sport
Tags: Addis Ababa, Ahmad, CAF, Ethiopia, Issa hayatou, Soccer, Sport
Speech by CAF President at the inauguration of St. George Football Academy
Ethiopia: St George advances to group stage with 2-0 victory over AC Leopards
One thought on "Madagascar FA chief Ahmad elected as new CAF president"
SOLOMON WENDIM ኩራባቸዉ ወንድም


Tap The Thumbnail Bellow to See Related Gallery of "New Interior Shutters For Windows Budget Blinds With Wooden Idea 10"
Image Title: New Interior Shutters For Windows Budget Blinds With Wooden Idea 10. Filename: new-interior-shutters-for-windows-budget-blinds-with-wooden-idea-10.jpg. Image Dimension: 758 x 543 pixels. Images Format: jpg/jpeg. Publisher/Author: Jessy Langosh. Uploaded Date: Tuesday - February 20th. 2018 04:15:16 AM. Category: Architecture. Image Source: homestyler.com.


We are grateful for the new and existing volunteers who came to the volunteers' meeting in mid-March. We now have a few more people to help with general maintenance and upkeep of the building, but can always use more to spread the workload.
Several people have commented on the substantial improvement in the appearance of the Main Hall floor since it was stripped right down, retreated and re-polished in late February. To help maintain it in good condition we have been advised to ensure that when moving chairs around the hall we should not pull them across the floor but should lift them or use the chair trolleys.
Reconfirm the aim (agreed at AGM) to ultimately enlarge the size and capacity of the hall, in order to ensure the long-term viability of the Hall.


For a rugged exterior that won't sacrifice the functionality of your truck, the Ali-Arc Front Pickup Bumper is expertly crafted to protect your vehicle's front end. Built from durable aluminum, your bumper will hold up over time without losing its one of a kind style.
If you're like most of our customers, you put your truck through a lot on a daily basis. Hauling heaving machinery, taking it for a spin off road, and so much more. For this reason, you likely spend a great deal of time investing in accessories for your pickup truck to protect the finish and prevent costly damage that will leave you spending a fortune on repairs. The Ali Arc Bumper is a great addition to any truck to keep you protected from the unexpected. Manufactured from highly durable aluminum, the Ali Arc Bumper not only looks great but is able to withstand the most extreme conditions you might put it through. Though light in weight, this bumper is incredibly strong and built to last. The Ali Arc Bumper comes with heavy duty mounts, and bolts directly to the frame of your truck. The high polish finish leaves your pickup with a clean, sleek look that is sure to catch the eye of others on the road. When you select the high quality Ali Arc Bumper, we guarantee your satisfaction. Should you want to, you have the option to add a front rake to the bottom of your bumper. The front rake contributes an added layer of strength and durability, while also enhancing the structure of your bumper. If you encounter an animal or other unexpected debris on the road, the front rake effectively pushes these items to the side of the truck, preventing them from getting sucked into the undercarriage of your truck, which could not only cause damage, but also poses a safety risk.


text:
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Bozeman Pioneers: William and Ellen Flannery Arnold
Chris Marie Forest | Sunday Dec. 1st, 2019
My maternal great-great-grandparents, William and Ellen Flannery Arnold, were some of the earliest settlers of Bozeman, Montana. Both of them came separately in the 1860s and were from hearty farm families.
William, the oldest son, was born on August 8, 1842 to William M. and Mary Marr Arnold, owners of a 100-acre farm near Bowling Green, Kentucky. By the time he was 18, he had lost 4 younger siblings and his mother due to illness and disease. His mother and one brother died on the same day in February 1857. Around the time he was 19, another tragedy stuck the family that dramatically shaped William's future.
It was around the beginning of the Civil War in 1861/1862, and Kentucky was very divided between Union and Confederate loyalties. The Arnolds were caught in the middle. William Sr.'s brother served in the Union Army as a chaplain and was camped not far from the Arnold Farm. William Sr. tried to help out as best as he could by providing extra food when supplies ran low. At one point, the Confederates came through the Arnold farm and stole all the food and livestock. In an attempt to save his family and his brother's unit, William Sr. attempted to steal back the food. He was caught and hung on the spot.
William Jr. attempted to keep his remaining 4 orphaned siblings together as best he could. They stayed on the farm for another 2 years until May of 1864, when William was drafted into the Union Army. Deciding he wanted nothing to do with the war, he sold the farm and divided the money among his siblings, making sure the younger ones were secure with extended family members. William then left for the gold fields of Montana.
William left Kentucky and traveled to Booneville, Missouri by stagecoach and joined a wagon train there. He traveled the Oregon Trail and then up Badger Pass arriving in Virginia City, Montana in September 1864. It was here that he met Billy Flannery, who became his lifelong friend. Not finding their fortune in gold after several months, the two decided to head to Bozeman to claim a homestead. They worked at Flanders sawmill at the base of Ross Peak for a couple of years. In 1866, William acquired 120 acres of land on the East Gallatin River, in what is now known as Springhill district, northeast of Bozeman. The Flannery homestead was nearby.
It was here on this homestead that William met Billy's sister Ellen. Ellen and Billy were both born in the 1840s in Woodford County, Galway, Ireland to Matthew and Catherine Fogarty Flannery. This was during the worst potato famine in Ireland, in an area that was the hardest hit by the potato blight. It is not known how their family was affected by the famine. However, in the early 1860s, their dad died and left mom with 7 children. Over the course of 20 years, the Flannery family immigrated to America to start a new life. They all originally stayed with Catherine Fogarty's relatives on their farm in Omaha, Nebraska, and then moved to Montana in waves. In 1869, Ellen joined Billy and sister Anne, a school teacher, on the Flannery homestead.
William and Ellen were married on May 21, 1870, at Sacred Heart Catholic Church in Helena. They built an 18 x 24-ft. log cabin on the initial 120-acre homestead and became very successful farmers. They originally grew wheat and then expanded to raising chickens, pigs and livestock. Their self-sufficient farm grew to 620 acres by 1892. One of the successful crops they grew was the red wheat of the Gallatin Valley. Because of the quality of wheat, Pillsbury and other bread companies were buying the wheat in large quantities. This crop was very easy to transport to the flour mill in downtown Bozeman on the Turkey Red Train. This train would stop almost at the Arnold's front door at a stop called the Camona. Here the train picked up grain, livestock and eggs.
During this time, the Arnolds had 12 children, 10 who survived: William, Mary, Lizzie, Louis, Anne, James, Ella, Alice, Alberta and Josephine. Mary was my great-grandmother. She would marry Charles Waterman in 1894.
In 1871, Billy Flannery acquired 158 acres in the Bear Canyon area of the Gallatin Valley. He ran one of the first steam-engine lumber mills in the Bozeman area. In May 1874, he sold this mill to his sister Ellen Arnold. It is unknown how long Ellen and William continued to own and operate it.
In 1882, the Arnolds built a large two-story home which, in the 1980s, was at 5339 Springhill Rd. at the crossroads of what is today Springhill and Toohey roads in Camona. In order to accommodate all the additional farm hands needed during the harvest, a wall was knocked out of the parlor into the kitchen area, to have space to feed the seasonal hired farm hands. The space could provide seating for 40 people at a time. It was not uncommon for 20-25 men to be sitting with the family for a meal. This was also the gathering place of all the extended family during the holidays. They were big affairs and were remembered fondly by many younger generations.
The Arnolds had a strong belief in education, even on a large farm that needed many helping hands. All 10 children were sent to school from elementary to college. In the 1890s and 1900s, the Arnolds rented a home in downtown Bozeman that provided a place where the children would have closer access to further education. This house was at 220 W. Lamme St., now 22 W. Lamme, a property listed on the National Register of Historic Places. By the 1910s, the family had bought a home at 545 W. Lamme, now 421. Both homes are still standing today.
All the children attended college. The two oldest sons went to All Hallows College in Salt Lake City, Utah. The two oldest daughters went to St Vincent's in Helena and the 6 youngest went to Montana State College in Bozeman.
William was one of the original prominent members of the Gallatin Pioneer Society and a founding member of the Bozeman Pioneer Catholic community. He and Ellen were original members when the church community first met in the Chestnut Saloon, and they were instrumental in the building of Holy Rosary, the first Catholic Church in Bozeman in 1885.
At the turn of the century, the Arnolds traveled to California during the winter months and stayed at the Poinsettia Hotel in Long Beach (outside of Los Angeles), California, with eleven other Bozeman families as well.
One of the highlights of the family's travels was to attend 3 World Fairs in the early 1900s. Their first one was the St Louis Fair in 1904, where Ella was crowned a "Princess of the Royal Court" of the fair. They were introduced to America's first ice cream cones while perhaps watching the Summer Olympics that were held there that year.
In 1909, after purchasing land in Long Beach for a new home, they attended the Seattle World's Fair. Buildings that were constructed for the fair are still standing at the University of Washington, and used as classrooms today. Little did the Arnolds know that 100 years later, their great-great-great-grandson Sean Allen would walk in those same halls as a student.
In 1915, the Arnolds traveled to the San Francisco World's Fair where there were over 80,000 displays, including ones that were staffed by Henry Ford, Thomas Edison, and Luther Burbank who were discussing their latest inventions. There was also a 43-story building that was bejeweled with over 100,000 pieces of cut glass that shimmered in the light day and at night. The liberty bell was also on exhibit as well as a 7,000 piece pipe organ.
In 1919, the Arnolds traveled again to Long Beach, this time permanently. Within a year, William died on Feb 21, 1920. He is buried in Sunset Hills Cemetery in Bozeman, Montana.
After William's death, Ellen decided to sell the vacant land and buy a home. This home was at 537 W. Olive Rd., across from St Anthony's Catholic Church in Long Beach, and is still standing today. One year later in 1921, a local oil company discovered the world's richest oil field (at the time) in Long Beach, right in the area where the Arnold property had been! This made the property worth an exorbitant amount of money. If my great-great-grandparents had kept the property, they would have been very, very wealthy people and perhaps all the younger generations as well!
Ellen continued to live in Long Beach with three of her daughters—Anne, Alice and Josephine—and one granddaughter Roberta, until age 92, when she passed away on June 7, 1937. The house stayed in the family until 1960, when her daughters Anne and Alice passed away within a month of each other. There had always been out-of-town family members visiting or the local family members stopping by or celebrating the holidays in that home. I remember fondly visiting my "aunties" in my childhood and still have several treasured mementos that were given to me.
• Progressive Men of Montana, History of Montana, and Society of
Montana Pioneers
• Roberta Anderson (granddaughter of William and Ellen Arnold)
"The Arnolds" in 1982
• Lei Anna Bertelson interview of Roberta Anderson for a school
project in 2006
• Chris Forest 40+ year research of Arnold History
Chris Marie Forest
Chris Marie Forest is the great-great-granddaughter of William and Ellen Arnold. She was born and raised in Southern California, listening to bits and pieces of her Arnold family stories. She has now spent almost fifty years researching and weaving them all together.
View more of Chris Marie Forest's work »
Gallatin Agricultural History
Tue. Sep. 4th, 2018


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 * User: abr
 * Date: 9/4/13
 * Time: 4:03 PM
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My story starts on a plane to Chicago, memorizing a 90 second rant that I had given about 5 times before. I had become a hired gun, used by the new business development team to represent our media agency's event marketing capabilities. Once we landed, I would help us fight to win a $160 million dollar account to do the media buying and planning for a Fortune 100 company. And, like every other flight, I was sick to my stomach that this is what my life had become. I knew that we might win the business, but none of that money would be allocated to fund a project like the case study I was going to present.
The case study: In 2006, I had the privilege of helping to develop the 'World Vision Experience: AIDS' campaign. In partnership with the NGO World Vision, we built a 30,000 foot replica of an African village impacted by HIV. We walked attendees through the lives of real people who had experienced the devastating affects of the disease. In nine months, we helped raise $9 million dollars for World Vision, were featured as a lead story in every market's local news station, and literally changed hundreds of thousands of peoples' perception of the epidemic.
I had spent ten years overseeing toothpaste sampling campaigns, turning gas stations into promotional spas, and setting up 20′ x 20′ cyber teen stations at fairs and festivals. I knew the costs our agency had incurred to launch these low impact campaigns and knew how difficult, behind closed doors, it was to justify their ROI (return on investment).
Six months after I got off that plane to Chicago, I left my media job and began working for a national nonprofit, running their communications and development department. In my first two months, we raised over $60,000 in new corporate revenue. The nonprofit was happy. I was confused.
Sixty thousand dollars? I had just finished an event marketing campaign where we charged $750,000 to set up a 16 foot branded airbus at 30 fairs and festivals. $60,000 would have bought us less than a week on the road.
And now, I was representing a national nonprofit that functioned as one of the most trusted resources for schools, administrators, communities and parents in 16 cities. Every day, we interacted with almost 5,000 kids and 8,000 parents. And, I could only bump our partnerships up by $60,000? I just didn't get it. What was I missing? Why didn't our corporate partners see the value in the platform we were offering? Why couldn't they recognize the obvious bottom line ROI, in relation to other high impact media platforms they were using (i.e., event marketing, blog networks, OOH, Scholastic, etc.)?
– Nonprofits target most of their corporate money from corporate Foundations, CSR, HR, and/or grassroots marketing budgets. Seldom are they included in the media mix, where the largest budgets are allocated to bring to life the overall engagement platform.
– There is a reason nonprofits are seldom included in this process (will go into more detail in my next blog post).
– There is a new form of cause partnership that is emerging, defined by programs such as Pepsi Refresh, Best Buy @15, Chase Community Giving, etc. This form of partnership is neither cause-marketing or Foundation giving and, once the kinks are worked out, it will re-define the space.
– Michael Porter, and his concept of Shared Value, will forever change the corporate world's perception of "giving." When it becomes widely accepted that cause partnership can drive business, the current model of engagement will be turned on its head.
– Nonprofits have been given a 'pass' on measuring how they affect the business of their corporate partners. The ceiling of corporate investment can only be expanded if the rationale for that expansion is methodically grounded in quantitative measurement.
At Shared Value Media, we believe the game is changing and we welcome our role as facilitators in that change. Thanks for following us.
We're experts at driving community participation in programs and events. We build local and citywide partnerships, apply new technologies, and develop culturally-responsive content to help our clients achieve scale and create shared value.
Schedule some time to speak with us.


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Texas Hippie Coalition
Country, Pop/Rock
Hard Rock, Heavy Metal
Groove Metal, Half-thrash, Metal, Southern, Southern Metal, Thrash Metal
Upon first glance of the Texas Hippie Coalition, one may come to the conclusion that they are an intimidating group that lives up to the clich? of their nickname ?band of outlaws.? However, looking a little closer at lead vocalist Big Dad Ritch, bassist John Exall, guitarists Randy Cooper and Crawfish, and drummer Ryan Bennett; it's hard to ignore that they are indeed much more than meets the eye. They are a loyal and talented ?band of brothers? who consider themselves just as much family as they are band mates.
?We're as southern as southern can be,? says ?Big Dad' Ritch, the behemoth front man and driving force behind Texas Hippie Coalition. ?Lynyrd Skynyrd, Molly Hatchet, ZZ Top, Waylon Jennings and Willie Nelson ? we're as outlaw as we can get, while at the same time having the power of that Texas groove, like Pantera. We're metal with a southern rock and roll spirit. We are a band of outlaws.?
Not outlaws in the bad-boy sense, outlaws in the artistic sense, drawing their inspiration from the vast tapestry of musical influences that spans the great state of Texas and beyond. While there's no denying the band's metallic epicenter, there's also no denying their kindred spirit with the original man in black, Johnny Cash. ?My dad raised me on cool stuff like Jimi Hendrix, Steve Miller and Alice Cooper, and he took me to see Johnny Cash at a young age,? says Ritch. ?The way he talked to the crowd between songs and the way he communicated with the audience, he left no separation. He made people feel like he was part of them and they were part of him ? ever since, that's what I've always wanted to be.?
It wasn't difficult for Big Dad Ritch, Randy Cooper and John Exall to find each other in Denison, Texas. Being a small town with a very limited amount of musicians, rival bands were forced to work together to set up road trips to cities, such as Dallas, in order to play shows and expand their musical aspirations. Originally starting in rival bands, Ritch, Randy and John found themselves bonding over their craft and the fact that the art of storytelling had become lost in heavy music. They started playing, writing and eventually recording together.
Shortly thereafter, Texas Hippie Coalition emerged from The Red River Valley that borders Northern Texas and Southern Oklahoma and ripped their way on to the metal scene with their self-released album Pride of Texas. Supporting the album and through their determination to put themselves in front of music fanatics from coast to coast, they've earned the respect of fans and peers with their hard-hitting style of music dubbed ?red dirt metal.? It was this momentum that led the band to drummer Ryan Bennett. When the group met Ryan as the graphic designer at their management company, they had no idea what talents he possessed as a musician himself until they had an opening for a new drummer, which he quickly jumped at the chance to audition for. Impressed, it was an easy position to fill when the band and their original drummer parted ways.
While the band was touring the country, brand new Dallas label, Carved Records took notice of THC's increasing success. Label owner Tim Porter and VP of Operations Phil Thomas felt the band's approach to success was congruent with their own for Carved Records and they immediately made Texas Hippie Coalition their inaugural signing at the end of 2009.
The group teamed up with multi-platinum producer, David Prater (Dream Theater, Firehouse) and headed to his studio in Oklahoma to record their second album, Rollin' to be released via Carved Records on July 6th, 2010.
The first single will be the already familiar and consistently requested band anthem ?Pissed Off and Mad About It.? A powerful song from the day it was written, it's come to full fruition in the studio with the band's current lineup adding the official Texas Hippie Coalition seal.
A highlighted track on Rollin' is ?Intervention,? a song the band unanimously chose as one of their favorites from their new recordings. "A driving tune with the feel of old Sabbath, the song hits you right in the chest and doesn't let up,? says Ryan. Adds Ritch of the lyrics, ?Everybody is sitting around waiting for everyone else to have an intervention these days, but this song is about realizing that you need to stop, stand up and get yourself through it on your own.?
Cooper calls ?Cocked and Loaded? one of the best representations of his band ? ?we're fired up, we're gonna hit it, we're cocked and loaded?? he says. But it's ?Groupie Girl? that Ritch thinks just might be the best song he's ever written. ?It's got Guns N' Roses with a ZZ Top swagger, and is beautiful from beginning to end ? it's about being in a town, being with a girl for a day or two, then you're gone. She may have been the love of your life, but you don't have the time to devote to the relationship. Instead of being shady, it's about being a southern gentleman ? ?I wish I could stay and always be here to wipe your tears away, but I've got to go on down the road??
And when Texas Hippie Coalition aren't on the road? ?You'll probably find us in an armchair drinking a beer, fishing on the river,? says Exall. ?We're not too good for anybody ? we are everybody.?
?We're just like you all,? says the band's ?Big Dad' - ?our rent's due, and our electricity is a month passed due...?
Big Dad Ritch - Vocals
Randy Cooper - Guitar
Wes Wallace - Guitar
John Exall - Bass
Ryan "The Kid" Bennett - Drums
High In The Saddle
Dark Side Of Black
Pride Of Texas
Alabama Thunderpussy 7
Brand New Sin 5
backdraft 3
Rebel Meets Rebel 1
Hellyeah 10
Maylene And The Sons Of Disaster 4
Black Label Society 31
The Sign of the Southern Cross 1
Black Stone Cherry 24
Damageplan 1


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"U.S.-Russia relations has been dominated by misunderstandings throughout much of the past 70 years since the original McCarthy era," Carter Page said. | Pavel Golovkin/AP Photo
Carter Page: 'Still awaiting the facts' on FBI surveillance of him
Former Donald Trump campaign adviser Carter Page said Monday that he wanted more information from the Justice Department before weighing in on a report that Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein approved an application to extend a secret surveillance warrant against him early last year.
In text messages, Page said he's waiting for the results of a Freedom of Information Act request he made to DOJ over any FBI surveillance involving him in 2016 and after.
"I'm still awaiting the facts," he said.
Page declined to discuss a report by The New York Times that a classified memo prepared by Republicans on the House Intelligence Committee will reveal that Rosenstein, a Trump appointee, approved an FBI application for an extension of the surveillance warrant last spring.
The memo is at the center of a heated confrontation between House Republicans and the Justice Department, which could land on Trump's desk as early as Monday afternoon. Sources who have seen the memo say it alleges abuse of a surveillance program, known as FISA, to scrutinize Page. Republicans believe FBI officials obtained a warrant to spy on Page by relying in part on a disputed dossier of allegations that Trump had illicit ties to Russia. The dossier, compiled by former British intelligence agent Christopher Steele, was funded by an opposition research firm that had been hired by the campaign of Hillary Clinton.
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The Times' report that Rosenstein signed off on the FBI's effort to extend the Page warrant — which a court also would have had to approve — has escalated concerns that he may be in House Republicans' cross hairs, though it also indicates that a Trump appointee believed there was reason to look into Page last year.
Last spring, Rosenstein appointed special counsel Robert Mueller to probe whether any Trump campaign associates aided Russia's effort to interfere in the 2016 presidential election, and the deputy attorney general oversees Mueller's probe.
Asked about Rosenstein's role in working to extend the warrant against him, Page pointed to a lawsuit he filed last year against news outlets that published allegations contained in the dossier, and he said he is awaiting a DOJ response as soon as this week.
Trump supports release of FBI intelligence memo, White House aide says
By PATRICK TEMPLE-WEST
"U.S.-Russia relations has been dominated by misunderstandings throughout much of the past 70 years since the original McCarthy era," Page said when pressed about Rosenstein. "I harbor no ill will towards anyone for past xenophobic biases and only hope that justice is eventually served."
Donald Trump 2016
Deputy Attorney General
Hillary Clinton 201
Trump Russia scandal
Trump dossier