Today, we have jails and prisons overflowing. We have vast populations of unengaged adolescents to twenty-something boys who get there image of manhood from the latest video on MTV. Gang proliferation has moved out of the big cities and brought drugs and death and pain to rural America. The diminishing role of father's involvement in the life of a boy has serious societal, developmental and social consequences.
Boys without fathers in their lives are more likely to engage in crime and 7 times more likely to engage in violent crime. "Today's prisons are like a center for fatherless men", writes one well known expert, Warren Farrell. He goes on, "The implications of father involvement for social policy are staggering. We think of poverty as a major cause of violent crime. Yet when children in homes with more income are compared to the children in homes with less income, there is no difference in the rates of violent crime if both are living with fathers. Poverty is highly correlated with violent crime because poverty is highly correlated with fatherlessness. The more dad is present, the more violent crime is absent. In brief, fathers stop violent crime; money doesn't".(Farrell) Boys need a strong male model to learn "what it means to be a man", due to the natural predator (hunter) drive males of our species are born with. When this need is not filled in the home, boys will naturally migrate to where those lessons can be learned. Unfortunately, in most cases, that model will be someone or something that is ultimately detrimental to that youth. For example, today's gangs, much like those throughout history, select young males from fatherless homes as members. When Nazis sought new recruits, the first and most logical place to look was homes with fatherless boys, especially if the mother was dominant and protective. These males instinctively and probably unknowingly rebelled against the strong matriarchal figure and gravitated to the perceived strongest males in the pack.
Another study published in the American Journal of Medicine reports that, "children living with a single biological parent are nearly twice as likely to be sexually abused compared with a child living with a married mother and father".(Gorden) While this article discusses children of both sexes, it is a very specific threat to boys longing for a "father" figure. In this ever increasing age of internet predators lurking on the Web, these boys make easy targets. These predators have been around for ages preying on those boys with a deep sense of longing for a dad, in our schools, athletic organizations, even our religious congregations, but now it has become much easier for them. Fatherless boys are more likely to be intimidated by male authority, tend to be quieter and less athletic, and often would be afraid to jeopardize the one parental relationship he has by admitting the abuse. Many of these boys feel that there is something "wrong" with them so they must deserve this behavior.
There are exceptions to every rule of course, but both generally and statically, boys without dads are at much greater risk, are a much greater risk and will likely continue to pose the risk until the cycle stops. Men who grew up without dads and are now fathers of sons must view that as a gift to be treasured. A heritage to be passed along, carrying with it the responsibility and honor of the sons right of passage into manhood. The ancient societies may have had it right when a boy went out after training with his dad for years to slay his first beast to become a man. Obviously we don't slay beasts any longer, but the lessons we as fathers pass on can be just as valuable as learning to hunt for our dinner. It is D.A.D.S. responsibility to Direct - Assess- Develop - Share.


Are you clueless as to which of the countless providers of portable toilets within Boxford have the porta potties that are best for your needs? Or are businesses demanding a fee way beyond the going rental/purchase rate of portable toilets in Boxford, MA? If you are, don't fear: because Rent Porta Potties is here to provide assistance! In Boxford, Massachusetts, we've garnered a good reputation as a competent provider of practically every porta potty out there. If you want a lightweight porta john for a development site, a walk-in toilet with a hand-wash station for a banquet, or a number of restroom trailers for an outdoor concert in Boxford, MA, be aware that we've got you covered. We look forward to addressing any inquiries you may have pertaining to our service, so please be sure to ring us at 888-664-6168 when you are ready.
If you've checked out the stores of most dealers of portable toilets in Boxford, MA, you'll realize that their storage rooms are less "stunning" when compared to ours. We never seize to incorporate newer products (as new porta potty units are launched to the world market) into our stockroom, as doing so makes us an even more dependable service provider. Throughout the last years, clients from all over Boxford have come to us looking for toilets for homes, industrial sites, fairs, and other instances necessitating the usage of such products.
You, however, might be inquisitive about using our products for different things. Don't get worried though, as the accuracy of us identifying a fitting match between you and your toilet is reinforced by evaluating your needs prior to making any recommendation. After the assessment process has finished, they will propose which products will be most appropriate for you. And – for anyone who elect to rent – we'll give you maximal usage of the unit, and keep your rates as low as possible, by creating special rental plans.
Quality is very important to us, which is why we only buy from reputable suppliers, and have our experts carry out quality checks on each unit in advance of its rental or sale. To simply put, you will not have to concern yourself with your product malfunctioning – an issue that a number of our clients have experienced with our companies before!
Without question, functionality is something you would certainly want to consider prior to renting or purchasing any of our products. We could give you a unit fitted with bare-bone functions, of which includes standard waste/water capacity, battery-powered flush action, and an indicator that illuminates when the tanks are filled up to its brim. If you would like something with additional functions – like anti-spill locking lids, covered valves to seal in unpleasant aromas, and anti-bacterial lids – we can provide you with such porta potties as well.
There are plenty of organizations in Boxford, MA, that provide similar services, but none of which can in fact match the level of customer service delivered by our establishment. Do not be surprised when our service employees start treating you "eerily" respectfully, or simplify the rental process for you by arranging a delivery and pick up time for your portable toilet(s). After buying/renting any item, we'll have our transport team deliver it to your doorsteps (or any area of your choosing).
But what really separates from the dealers of portable toilets in Boxford, Massachusetts, is our after care service program. For those who need to rent our units for several months to a year and beyond, we will send in our crew of technicians to empty their toilets' tanks and clean these units on a weekly basis!
Not to sound cocky, but the other retailers of porta potties in Boxford pale in comparison to our corporation. With all that said, connect with 888-664-6168 to learn more about the portable toilets we are currently offering.


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A Hearted Divided–First English translation of Jin Yong's epic wuxia adventure concludes with powerful writing, twists, and action
Filed under: Comics & Books, Fantasy Realms, Retro Fix, Superheroes — Leave a comment
How often do you read a series that makes it to four volumes and each entry gets progressively better? That's exactly what awaits you in Gigi Chang, Anna Holmwood, and Shelly Bryant's landmark English translation of Jin Yong′s Legends of the Condor Heroes novels. This series, originally a serialized novel written and first published by Yong aka Louis Cha between 1957 and 1959, is in fact the worldwide best selling novel of all time, with a billion copies in print. A 38 volume manhua comic was issued in 1998, and countless film and TV adaptations followed, including my favorite in 2017 (reviewed here). In the spirit of Homer, Robert E. Howard, Edgar Rice Burroughs, J.R.R. Tolkien, Akira Kurosawa, and George Lucas, the series is among the world's greatest fantasy novels and you should think of the fourth and final installment, A Heart Divided, as the Return of the King of the series. Only it's better than Tolkien's finale–incredible subplots, powerful historical fantasy, dozens of major, important key characters, who, because of the stunning translation and Jin's literary characterizations, will be easy for Western audiences to keep track of. It doesn't fall into the trap of many major fantasy series: losing the steam built up in the earlier installments.
A Heart Divided, at last available in U.S. and UK bookstores and here at Amazon, is the first English translation of Volume 4. Another expert translation of Jin's breathtaking adventure, full of wit and wisdom, romance, and all aspects of humanity, expect to find the most successful wind-up of all the key plot points, and clever unstitching of all the tightly woven story threads in the saga. This is the Shakespearean ending, full of tragedy and triumph, and the bloodiest of the installments–with one key character killed in Volume 3, A Snake Lies Waiting, only a few favorites will remain standing by the end of A Heart Divided. Jin's smart choices will be certain to surprise readers.
If you missed my previous reviews from the series, know that the series rated among our best books of the past decade here at borg. Two young men whose destinies were determined before they were born, Guo Jing and Yang Kang, were made sworn brothers by their fathers, and their lives came crashing together 18 years later in A Hero Born (awarded our Best Read of 2019, reviewed here at borg), as the truth of their shared past finally caught up with them. By the end of the first book they had each developed relationships with powerful women, Lotus Huang with Guo, Mercy Mu with Yang, all four among the most promising martial artists of their time. The conflicts of the second and third volumes were given greater gravity here, more tones of a Shakespearean tragedy, as Guo and Lotus continue to be driven apart at every turn. Book Four is about stakes, about the growth of its hero, and the wisdom and skills of Lotus, the final determination of the greatest living kung fu master, and the end of Genghis Khan's empire building.
Guo and Lotus's teacher or shifu Count Seven Hong, Chief of the Beggar Clan, is back with sworn brother Zhou Botong of the Quanzhen Sect, the two best supporting characters in the series. The driving force of the story continues to be Lotus, one of the most fantastic superheroines ever written, despite Jin's more overt efforts to reveal a story about a farm boy who lives among China's greatest heroes, all the while incorporating real texts of the era and historical figures.
Again, all the questions are answered: Will Guo avenge his father's death and destroy Wanyan Honglie? Will Guo and Lotus be reunited? Will Yang and Merci Mu? Will Lotus's father accept Guo as son or force the promised marriage to his daughter? Will Guo return to fight in battle alongside Genghis Khan? What is the fate of the Five Greats and the remaining Six Freaks of Jiangnan? Will Guo be able to take his mother back to her Song homeland? Will Genghis Khan conquer the known world? Will Guo or Lotus master the techniques of the Nine Yin Manual? Who is the last villain standing and ultimate kung fu master? Who will win the final battle at Mount Hua? Is there a future for the Condor Heroes?
Readers will encounter the same level of precision in adapting Jin's lyrical prose in the translations of the first three volumes, more of Jin's complex storytelling intertwined with the very real culture of the day, including all the social, literary, artistic, and political details of China, the Mongols, Song, and Jin, the Taoist philosophy, along with the visual kung fu action that was an important part of life in this part of Asia in the 12th century.
A Heart Divided, in short, is one of the best fantasies ever written. Order it now here at Amazon, and make sure you pick up the earlier volumes, A Hero Born, A Bond Undone, and A Snake Lies Waiting.
Tags: A Bond Undone, A Heart Divided, A Heart Divided book review, A Heart Divided English translation, A Hero Born, A Snake Lies Waiting, A Snake Lies Waiting English translation, adventure novels, Akira Kurosawa, Anna Holmwood, Best of 2020, Best of the Best, Best of the Best retro review, Best translation 2021, Chinese authors, Edgar Rice Burroughs, English translations, George Lucas, Gigi Chang, greatest fantasy novels of all time, greatest fantasy series of all time, hero's journey, Homer, J.R.R. Tolkien, Jiang Yun Xing, Jin Yong, Legend of the Condor Heroes 2017, Legends of the Condor Heroes, Louis Cha, Louis Cha Leung-yung, mythic archetypes, Robert E. Howard, Shelly Bryant, St Martin's Griffin, St. Martin's Press, U.S. edition Legends of the Condor Heroes, wuxia
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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TAG Line July 31, 2020
The Best ADA Battery in the Army National Guard
Soldiers of the Fargo-based Battery C (Charlie), 1st Battalion, 188th Air Defense Artillery Regiment were formally presented the 2019 Hamilton Award on July 27, 2020 at the N.D. National Guard's Camp Grafton Training Center near Devils Lake. This award is presented annually by the U.S. Army Air Defense Artillery (ADA) branch to an ADA battery in the Army National Guard that has demonstrated exceptional achievement and mission accomplishment through the course of the year. Read more at: N.D. Air Defense Soldiers Earn Top National Guard Award.
Top photo: The Hamilton Award was presented by Col. David Shank, U.S. Army Air Defense Artillery School Acting Commandant to Battery C, 1st Battalion, 188th Air Defense Artillery Regiment (1-188th ADA). From left, Lt. Col. Walyn S. Vannurden, commander, 1-188th ADA; Col. David Shank; Capt. Cody Brekken, commander, Battery C, 1-188th ADA; and 1st Sgt. David Saari, first sergeant, Battery C, 1-188th ADA. (U.S. Army National Guard photos and story by Sgt. 1st Class Charles Highland)
Brig. Gen. Frank M. Rice, U.S. Army National Guard Deputy Commanding General (ADA) of the Fires Center of Excellence, Fort Sill, Okla., addresses the soldiers of Charlie battery, 1st battalion, 188th air defense artillery regiment and senior n.d. army guard leaders at camp grafton training center, july 27, 2020.
Brig. Gen. Frank M. Rice recognizes the leadership team of Charlie Battery, 1st Battalion, 188th Air Defense Artillery Regiment, Capt. Cody Brekken, right, and 1st Sgt. David Saari during the Hamilton Award presentation ceremony on July 27, 2020.
EMT Refresher Course in Minot
The 5th Medical Group hosted a EMT (Emergency Medical Technicians) refresher course at Minot Air Force Base for the 119th Wing Airmen on July 24, 2020. Air Guard medics must take this course every two years to stay current with national standards and renew their EMT license. (U.S. National Guard photos & Story by Sgt. 1st Class Charles Highland)
Left, Staff Sgt. China Bailey, and Tech Sgt. Roman Gaughan, both of the 119th Wing, listen to comments from an instructor during EMT refresher training on July 24.
Left, Tech Sgt. Roman Gaughan, prepares a neck brace while Staff Sgt. China Bailey, responds to a question from instructor Staff Sgt. Amanda Thompson, 5th Medical group, during EMT refresher training on July 24.
COVID-19 Testing in Belcourt
The N.D. National Guard assisted in mobile COVID-19 testing at Sky Dancer Casino and Resort in Belcourt, on the Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indian Reservation on July 16, 2020. Spc. Kaitlyn Thompson, of the 142nd Engineer Battalion, explains why she volunteered to work with COVID-19 testing. (U.S. National Guard Story by Sgt. Michaela Granger)
Protecting the Hooligans
N.D. National Guard Soldiers teamed up with Airmen to test 119th Wing members at the N.D. Air National Guard Base, Fargo on July 24, 2020. Routine COVID-19 testing at the air base helps ensure readiness by protecting the force through constant vigilance. The personnel administering the tests were wearing personal protective equipment to help prevent spread of the virus. (U.S. Air National Guard photos and story by David H. Lipp)
Capt. Dustin Czapiewski, 119th Medical Group, takes a nasal sample from a COVID-19 test participant at the N.D. Air National Guard Base, Fargo on July 24.
Sgt. Rachelle Colwell, of the 188 Engineer Company, left, and Private Matthew Truax, of the 142nd Engineer Battalion, gather information from COVID-19 test participants at the North Dakota Air National Guard Base, Fargo on July 24.
Capt. Samantha Nuenthal, of the 119th Medical Group, takes a nasal sample from a COVID-19 participant at the N.D. Air National Guard Base, Fargo on July 24.
Task Force for Military Issues in North Dakota
Members of the Task Force for Military Issues in North Dakota (TF MIND) executive council met at the state capitol and virtually on July 28, 2020. TF MIND meets bi-annually, usually in the spring and fall to develop and implement a statewide strategic approach ensuring the continued relevance of military forces, bases and missions within the state. (U.S. National Guard photos and story by Sgt. 1st Class Charles Highland)
Maj. Gen. Al Dohrmann, N.D. adjutant general, left center, and others participate in the Task Force for Military Issues in North Dakota (TF MIND) executive council meeting in Bismarck on July 28.
Improving GT Scores for Future Officers
The three-day score improvement prep course for the Army's Officer Strength Manager Armed Forces Classification Test (OSM AFCT) was conducted at the Aviation Readiness Center in Bismarck July 18 to 20, 2020. The course culminated with 11 of the 12 participating students testing on July 20. The goal of the course is to help Soldiers improve their GT score to at least 110 so they are eligible to pursue commissioning and warrant officer programs. This course is conducted bi-annually to help students improve their GT scores. Sgt. 1st Class Levi Long, who has been an integral part of teaching this courses for many years, is scheduled to retire this November. (U.S. National Guard photos and story by Chief Warrant Officer 3 Steve Hoikkala)
Left: Twelve Soldiers participate in the Army's Officer Strength Manager Armed Forces Classification Test course (OSM AFCT) in Bismarck from July 18 to 20. Right: Sgt. 1st Class Levi Long lectures at the OSM AFCT.
Command Chief Shares Baseball Experiences
Chief Master Sgt. Jeff Miller, the N.D. Air National Guard state command chief, addressed players and coaches at the opening ceremony of the N.D. State 13-15 Babe Ruth (Class B) Baseball Tournament, in Kindred, N.D. on July 30, 2020. Miller was chosen to be the keynote speaker because of his vast experience as a baseball coach at many levels in the local area. Miller discussed leadership, teamwork and work ethic while recounting many of the successful teams he led to state and regional titles. (U.S. Air National Guard photo and story by David H. Lipp)
Chief Master Sgt. Jeff Miller, North Dakota Air National Guard state command chief, address players and coaches at the opening ceremony of the N.D. State 13-15 Babe Ruth (Class B) Baseball Tournament, in Kindred, N.D. on July 30.
Chief Master Sgt. Jeff Miller, North Dakota Air National Guard state command chief, addresses players and coaches at the opening ceremony of the N.D. State 13-15 Babe Ruth (Class B) Baseball Tournament.
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text:
import React, { Component, PropTypes } from 'react';
import './ListItem.scss';
import { connect } from 'react-redux'
import ActiveUser from '../ActiveItem/ActiveUser-component';
import ActiveRepo from '../ActiveItem/ActiveRepo-component';
import * as ChannelActions from '../../../actions/repos-actions.js'
import { bindActionCreators } from 'redux'

import { ModalContainer, ModalDialog } from 'react-modal-dialog';

class List extends Component {
  constructor (props) {
    super(props);
    this.state = {
      isShowingModal: false
    }
  }

  static propTypes = {

  };

  handleClick = () => this.setState({isShowingModal: true})
  handleClose = () => this.setState({isShowingModal: false})

  render() {
	let { removeChannel, currentlyOnline } = this.props
	if (!currentlyOnline) currentlyOnline = []
    let item;
    if(typeof this.props.item === "string"){
      item = this.props.item;
    } else {
      if(this.props.item.name){
          item = this.props.item.name;
      } else if (this.props.item.path){
        item = this.props.item.path
      }
    }
	removeChannel = removeChannel.bind(null, item)
	let itemStyle = {
		cursor: 'pointer'
	}

    return (

          {
          this.state.isShowingModal &&
          <ModalContainer onClose={this.handleClose}>
            <ModalDialog onClose={this.handleClose}>

Recent Activity for: {item}

              { this.props.curUi === 'team' && <ActiveUser name={item} addSelected={function(){}} removeSelected={function(){}}/> }
              { this.props.curUi === 'channel' && <ActiveRepo name={item} addSelected={function(){}} removeSelected={function(){}}/>}
            </ModalDialog>
          </ModalContainer>
        }

						{item}
					 {/* ListItem-Name-Text */}
					{this.props.curUi === "team" && this.props.currentlyOnline.includes(item) &&

					}
					{this.props.curUi === "team" && !this.props.currentlyOnline.includes(item) &&

					}
					{this.props.curUi === "channel" &&

							{this.state.isShowingModal &&
							<ModalContainer onClose={this.handleClose}>
								<ModalDialog onClose={this.handleClose}>

Recent Activity for: {item}

									{ this.props.curUi === 'team' && <ActiveUser name={item} addSelected={function(){}} removeSelected={function(){}}/> }
									{ this.props.curUi === 'channel' && <ActiveRepo name={item} addSelected={function(){}} removeSelected={function(){}}/>}
								</ModalDialog>
							</ModalContainer>
							}

					}

 {/* ListItem-Name */}

		)
	}
}

function mapStateToProps(state) {
	return {
		currentUi: state.ui.selected,
		currentlyOnline: state.team.currentlyOnline
	}
}

function mapDispatchToProps(dispatch) {
	return {
		removeChannel: bindActionCreators(ChannelActions.removeChannel, dispatch)
	}
}

	export default connect(mapStateToProps, mapDispatchToProps)(List)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
An assembled example of Ulrich's HO-scale composite gondola decorated for Pennsylvania Railroad
Ulrich Composite Gondola
If you don't count the working Track Cleaner Car as the company's first HO-scale freight car, then the Composite Gondola release of 1948 occupies that spot as the debut rolling stock offering. The model initially came undecorated and later decorated sides (painted and lettered) saw introduction. By the mid-1950s, Ulrich offered seven road names for this Composite Gondola: Santa Fe (CG1), Pennsylvania Railroad (CG2), Rock Island (CG3), Norfolk & Western (CG4), Lehigh Valley (CG5), New York Central (CG6), and Grand Trunk Western (CG7).
ABOVE: From an Ulrich mid-1950s catalog, here's the entry for the Composite Gondola model.
For its time, this 52-foot freight car ranked among the longest commercially available for HO modelers. Information shows Ulrich supplied Athearn-made sprung trucks and later supplied the manufacturer's own sprung trucks with kits.
ABOVE: Here's a look at the die-cast metal sides (decorated for Pennsylvania Railroad), wood floor, and box with end sections and additional parts for Ulrich's Composite Gondola.
For more on Ulrich, check out HO Collector's 4th Quarter 2020 edition and the article, "An Introduction to Ulrich" by Tony Cook. You can purchase individual issues of HO Collector and other White River Productions' magazines and books by visiting your local hobby dealer or going to the publisher's website.


text:
Research and Journals - Press Info - Press Releases
TV Bombards Children with Commercials for High-Fat and High-Sugar Foods
Children's networks exposed young viewers to 76% more food commercials per hour than other networks
St. Louis, MO, 4 November 2009 – Childhood obesity in the United States is reaching epidemic proportions. With more than one fourth of advertising on daytime and prime time television devoted to foods and beverages and continuing questions about the role television plays in obesity, a study in the November/December issue of the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior examines how food advertising aimed at children might be a large contributor to the problem.
Researchers at the University of California-Davis examined the types of food advertisements seen by children watching English- and Spanish-language American television programs on Saturday mornings and weekday afternoons, which are high viewing times for children. Recordings were made of programs on twelve networks including highly rated children's cable channels Nickelodeon, Cartoon Network, and Kids' WB, networks that appeal to older youths (MTV, BET), mainstream English-language channels ABC, CBS, NBC, FOX, and UPN, and Univision and Telemundo, the two highest rated Spanish language channels.
Out of 5,724 commercials recorded, 1,162 were food-related, with 91.2% of food promotions in English, and 8.7% in Spanish. Only 1 commercial was bilingual. Overall, nearly 1 in 5 advertisements was for a food or nutrition-related product, with 5.2 food advertisements presented every hour. Fast-food restaurants, sugary food, chips/crackers, and sugar-added beverages collectively accounted for more than 70% of food commercials; 34% were for ''food on the run,'' fast-food restaurants and convenience food.
Children's networks had the highest percentage of food-related commercials. Food advertisements were predominately for sugary cereals and sweets, high fat food, convenience or fast-food restaurant food, and chips/crackers. When compared to television for a general audience, children's networks in this study exposed young viewers to 76% more food commercials per hour than did the other networks, with the Saturday morning 7-10 AM time slot being more saturated with food commercials. Approximately 7.7 food commercials per hour appeared in programming on the children's networks, which is approximately 1 food commercial every 8 minutes
As children move into adolescence and begin to watch more youth programming, such as the music video programming offered by BET and MTV, they continue to be exposed to advertisements for food in less-healthful categories. Eighty percent of MTV food commercials were for fast food restaurants, sugar-added beverages, and sweets.
This is the first study of food advertising in Spanish-language American programming. Although the likelihood of an advertisement being for a food product did not differ between English- and Spanish- language networks, commercials on Spanish-language programming were more likely to be for alcohol and fast-food restaurants, which together account for a majority of the food commercials on these networks. These messages are being presented at a time when Hispanics in America are becoming increasingly obese.
In contrast, fruits, vegetables, and juices were advertised in only 1.7% of the commercials. Only one nutrition-related public service announcement was found for every 63 food ads.
Writing in the article, the authors state, "Study after study has documented the adverse health effects of food advertising targeting children and adolescents. Health educators need to develop and evaluate comprehensive nutrition programs that augment nutritional education with media use reduction strategies to lessen exposure to ads. School- and family-based programs that have attempted to reduce children's media use have shown promise.
Reduced media use is insufficient by itself, for food advertising has increased in other types of media children use, such as the Internet. Thus efforts should also be made to introduce media literacy training into nutrition programs. Evaluations of nutrition-focused media literacy interventions have been rare. Such literacy training can help children and adolescents understand both the economic motivations behind food advertising and the strategies used by industry to increase desire for their products. Greater awareness of the potential influence of industry may immunize young people from food advertising's deleterious effects."
The article is "Frequency and Types of Foods Advertised on Saturday Morning and Weekday Afternoon English- and Spanish-Language American Television Programs" by Robert A. Bell, PhD; Diana Cassady, DrPH; Jennifer Culp, MPH, RD; and Rina Alcalay, PhD. It appears in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, Volume 41, Issue 6, (November/December 2009) published by Elsevier.
Full text of the article is available upon request; contact Lynelle Korte at 314-447-9227 or jnebmedia@elsevier.com to obtain copies. To schedule an interview with the authors please contact Dr. Robert A. Bell by email at rabell@ucdavis.edu or by phone at 530-752-9933.
Robert A. Bell, PhD, Department of Communication and Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA
Diana Cassady, DrPH, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA
Jennifer Culp, MPH, RD, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA
Rina Alcalay, PhD, Department of Communication and Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA
About The Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior
The Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior (JNEB), the official journal of the Society for Nutrition Education (SNE), is a refereed, scientific periodical that serves as a resource for all professionals with an interest in nutrition education and dietary/physical activity behaviors. The purpose of JNEB is to document and disseminate original research, emerging issues, and practices relevant to nutrition education and behavior worldwide and to promote healthy, sustainable food choices. It supports the society's efforts to disseminate innovative nutrition education strategies, and communicate information on food, nutrition, and health issues to students, professionals, policy makers, targeted audiences, and the public.
The Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior features articles that provide new insights and useful findings related to nutrition education research, practice, and policy. The content areas of JNEB reflect the diverse interests of health, nutrition, education, Cooperative Extension, and other professionals working in areas related to nutrition education and behavior. As the Society's official journal, JNEB also includes occasional policy statements, issue perspectives, and member communications.
Lynelle Korte
jnebmedia@elsevier.com


text:
Hugh de Mortimer
Name Hugh de Mortimer
Born of Wigmore, Herefordshire, England [1, 2]
Died Between 1148 and 1150 [1, 2, 3]
Father Ralph de Mortimer, b. of Wigmore, Herefordshire, England , d. Aft 1115
Mother Melisende, d. Bef 30 Mar 1088
Family (Unknown first wife of Hugh de Mortimer)
+ 1. Hugh de Mortimer, b. of Wigmore, Herefordshire, England , d. 26 Feb 1181
"Hugh de Mortimer attested a charter by Gerold, Abbot of St. Lucien at Beauvais [1100-28], in the time of Stephen, Count of Aumale. When King Stephen, circa 1140, granted to the Earl of Leicester the town and castle of Hereford et lotum comitatum Herefordisc., the fees of Hugh de Mortimer were with others excepted. In 1144 he initiated the reconquest of the Marches after the revolt of the Welsh on the death of Henry I, by successfully reoccupying the cantreds of Maelienydd and Elfael, and repairing the castles of Cwmaron and Colwen. In 1145 he captured and imprisoned the Welsh prince Rhys ap Howel, and in 1146 he slew Meredith, son of Madog ap Idnerth, late chieftain of Elfael and Maelienydd. In 1148 he blinded his prisoner Rhys ap Howel." [Complete Peerage]
"The two Hughs are not always easily distinguishable in the sources, but it seems clear that the elder Hugh was involved in local Herefordshire feuds arising from the contest between Stephen and Matilda. That he was on the whole a supporter of Stephen may be deduced from that king's exception of Mortimer's lands in Herefordshire from the grant of that shire to Robert, earl of Leicester, probably made in 1144. He was also involved, and with some success, in episodes in the long struggle between the marcher lords and the Welsh for the cantrefs of Maelienydd and Elfael in Powys. [...] Information in the Wigmore chronicle has allowed a depiction of this Hugh as 'a swashbuckling, choleric man given over to pleasures and amusements, an evil-tempered and wilful lord, a quarrelsome neighbour, and a lusty warrior'." [Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]
[S145] Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700, by Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr. 8th edition, William R. Beall & Kaleen E. Beall, eds. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2004, 2006, 2008.
[S128] The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant. Full citation details here.
[S1016] Medieval English Ancestors of Robert Abell by Carl Boyer III. Santa Clarita, California, 2001.


An amazing giant walking stick with green leaf mimic wings. This walking stick is commonly known as the Giant Green Walking Stick. This giant walking stick has a wingspan of over 7″+ and is over 9″ tall a true giant.
Description: An amazing giant walking stick with green leaf mimic wings. This walking stick is commonly known as the Giant Green Walking Stick. This giant walking stick has a wingspan of over 7″+ and is over 9″ tall a true giant.


What managed your Mom explain to you when you were a kid? I'm positive that it included guidance like "take in your greens," appropriate? Properly, you merely don't have enough time, so what can you need to do? Minerals and vitamins can complete in which your diet falls flat you, so explore the tips listed below.
Men need different vitamins and minerals than girls. A regular vitamin for guys must have increased levels of B12 and B6. Another valuable vitamin to prevent hair loss is vitamin H. Together with folic acid, supplement H can help regenerate cellular material and lower the signs of aging. Vitamin E Antioxidant and lycopene can also be good for men prostrate well being.
The best supply of minerals and vitamins are new fruit and veggies. Being sure that you eat a minimum of several servings of vegetables and fruit every day can help ensure you get all the nutritional supplements you have to be healthier. For the best effects, eat them uncooked or really lightly prepared by steaming or poaching.
From popcorn to dairy products, obtaining your riboflavin, or vitamin B2, is a snap. Scaly epidermis and chipped mouth area may appear if you have a nutritional B2 deficiency, plus your reddish colored blood vessels mobile matter could also reduce. Riboflavin will help prevent cataracts, anemia, cancers, and carpal tunnel syndrome.
Coenzyme Q-10 is utilized to help remedy coronary heart and vessel situations, including angina, congestive coronary heart malfunction, diabetic issues, gum disease and hypertension. This strong formula fortifies natural defenses and increases energy. Patients will get the chemical by natural means in seafood and beef even so, most want to go on a Coenzyme Q-10 health supplement.
Although it is achievable to buy mineral and vitamin health supplements in various types of stores, some of the finest offers can be found at websites on the internet. It is extremely important to check several websites and study the assessment on any supplement you are considering making use of. You can also find lots of info at natural food shops.
Magnesium is important for more than 300 chemical reactions in the body. Food items full of fibers contain the mineral magnesium, including legumes, fresh vegetables, nut products and whole grains. This vitamin is utilized to help remedy high-cholesterol, ADHD, exhaustion, migraines, PMS and several sclerosis. The mineral magnesium can be used topically to quicken healing.
To provide your immune system a lift, take into account consuming Ginseg. Ginseng can help your whole body to control its human hormones. This helps influence your blood insulin production, blood pressure levels, and metabolic process. As a result, you will additionally find yourself pondering more evidently and getting a lot more energy to acquire using your working day.
When you are using your vitamins, always make sure you eat one thing along with them. Vitamins before eating anything can cause you to be uncomfortable and have an distressed tummy. You don't wish to truly feel nauseous, and rather you wish to pinpoint the positive effects the nutrients and vitamins will provide.
Consider ensuring that you receive sufficient calcium supplement in your diet. It will help you maintain and build powerful pearly whites and your bones. Additionally, it improves muscle tissue function. You will find it in food items and liquids, such as broccoli, orange juice, tofu, dairy products, and green spinach. If you cannot get adequate calcium via food, additionally, there are calcium mineral dietary supplements.
Although vegetarian and vegetarian diet plans can be extremely wholesome, men and women usually are lacking in particular nutrients and vitamins. Vitamin B12 and metal are two useful vitamins and minerals that often require compounded by vegans. Vegans often must supplement their calcium supplement and supplement D absorption to make sure they have the proper vitamins and minerals.
When you are thinking getting a dietary supplement, you should think about your full nutritional intake and never use them as a substitute for wholesome having. Healthful ingesting is the best way to consume nutritional vitamins. If you find that you will be not eating right, try out to modify your dietary habits before you take a health supplement.
Juicing is extremely well-known these days, and it is a wonderful way to consume wholesome vegatables and fruits. Many people add a powdered vitamin and mineral dietary supplement on their liquid consume to create a healthier your morning meal shake they are able to enjoy every single day. This consume is not merely very healthful, and also will help boost stamina.
Regardless of whether you don't have enough time to enjoy appropriate, don't get ample sunlight or simply sense lethargic, nutritional vitamins will help you to improve you up. You already know possess a great knowledge on the subject, however, there is usually far more to learn. Use what you've go through today and then continue reading in the future.
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text:
Danseuses sur la scène est un tableau peint par Edgar Degas en 1889. Il mesure 76 cm de haut sur 82 cm de large. Il est conservé au musée des Beaux-Arts de Lyon.

Il est mis en avant lors des illuminations de la place des Terreaux lors de la Fête des lumières de 2014.

Thème
Degas est le peintre des danseuses en raison du grand nombre d'œuvres qu'il a consacrées à ce sujet au cours de la période 1860-1890.

Composition

Analyses de l'œuvre
La découverte des estampes japonaises d'Hokusai ou d'Utamaro a permis à Degas (phénomène lié dans son ensemble au mouvement impressionniste) de libérer l'un des derniers verrous de la peinture académique, la vision de l'objet ; ainsi, Hokusai peint le Fuji-Yama vu derrière une citerne.

L'observation libérée, la représentation du mouvement des ballets permet à Degas de saisir tout ce qu'il y a d'imprévu dans l'aspect fugitif de ce monde.

Le peintre cherche à rendre les formes, les attitudes les plus diverses, sous l'effet de la lumière et du mouvement, en toute objectivité ; le thème se multipliera et les répétitions préalables au ballet deviennent son champ d'investigation, à la manière d'un paysage.

Il s'agit bien du monde des coulisses, des répétitions, de l'entraînement : ce tableau (comme la plus grande partie des 1500 pastels, peintures, gravures et dessins sur ce thème) ne dépeint pas les mouvements codifiés de la danse classique ou des représentations de spectacles. Degas cherche plutôt, dans une démarche naturaliste, à mettre en lumière l'opiniâtreté qui anime les danseuses de ballet.

Degas, qui s'inscrit parfaitement dans l'impressionnisme à ses débuts, s'en distingue toutefois par la vision personnelle et particulière qu'il porte sur les  éclairages artificiels et sur le mouvement de corps des ballerines.

Notes et références

Tableau d'Edgar Degas
Tableau réalisé en 1889
Œuvre conservée au musée des Beaux-Arts de Lyon
Ballet de l'Opéra national de Paris dans l'art
Danse dans la peinture

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: При запуске интерпретатор выдаёт ошибку При запуске, программа выдаёт ошибку:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "tk.py", line 29, in <module>
    display_result_n()
  File "tk.py", line 27, in display_result_n
    display_result(n)
TypeError: display_result() takes 0 positional arguments but 1 was given

Сценарий работы приложения:

*

*Пользователь решает задание

*Вылетает окно с результатом

*Следующее задание

И так по кругу
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
import random
import difflib

base = [["pic.png", "-Ты говоришь по английски? -Да", "-Как тебя зовут? -Да"], ["pic2.png", "Лицо моего инвестора", "Когда я рассказываю ему про блокчейн"]]

start = 0

n = random.randint(0,1)

def display_result():
    if start == 1:
        if first.get() == base[n][1] and second.get() == base[n][2] or difflib.SequenceMatcher(None, base[n][1], first.get()).ratio() > 0.85 and difflib.SequenceMatcher(None, base[n][2], second.get()).ratio() > 0.85:
            messagebox.showinfo("Memes", "Правильно!")
            n = random.randint(0,1)
        else:
            messagebox.showinfo("Memes", "Непраильно( Ответ: \n\n" + base[n][1]  + '\n\n' + base[n][2])
            n = random.randint(0,1)
    new_img = Image.open(base[n][0])
    new_photo = ImageTk.PhotoImage(new_img)
    label["image"] = new_photo
    label.image = new_photo

def display_result_n():
    display_result(n)

display_result_n()
start = 1

root = Tk()
root.title("Memes")

new_image_black = Image.new("RGB", (320, 320), (0, 0, 0))
new_image_black.save("black.png", "PNG")

image = Image.open(black.png)
photo = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image)
label = Label(root, image=photo)
label.grid(row=4, column=0, padx=0, pady=0, sticky="e")

first = StringVar()
second = StringVar()

first_label = Label(text="Первая строка:")
first_label.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="w")

second_label = Label(text="Вторая строка:")
second_label.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky="w")

first_entry = Entry(textvariable=first)
first_entry.grid(row=0,column=0, padx=5, pady=5)

second_entry = Entry(textvariable=second)
second_entry.grid(row=1,column=0, padx=5, pady=5)

button = Button(text="Готово!", command=display_result_n)
button.grid(row=3, column=0, padx=5, pady=2, sticky="n")

root.mainloop()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Pelosi Softens on Impeachment as Dems Prepare to Make an Enormous Mistake
Until this weekend, it seemed that House Speaker Nancy Pelosi was the only Democrat standing in the way of the party's leftist fringe (which is quickly growing like a cancer throughout the party) from getting their way on impeachment.
Pelosi knows the score. She knows there are no "high crimes and misdemeanors" that could possibly warrant the impeachment of Donald Trump. She knows there is no significant public support for impeachment. She knows that the voters will see this for the partisan, sour-grapes charade that it is. Finally, she knows that the Republican-controlled Senate will quickly acquit the president of these phony charges, giving Trump an enormous boost going into the general election.
Alas, it seems she is finally being beaten down to the point where the Alexandria Ocasio-Cortezes of the world are about to get their way, regardless of whether or not it is political suicide. Rejoice, ye supporters of Trump: The Democrats are getting ready to make the political blunder of a lifetime.
Pelosi might be smarter than the average Washington Democrat, but she's still dumb enough to believe that there's something to this Trump/Ukraine/whistleblower scandal. Put another way: She thinks that, even though Round One of "Trump Committed Treason" turned out to be a complete hoax, maybe Round Two will work out better.
The House Speaker hardened her rhetoric on Sunday in a statement, warning that Trump must allow the intelligence community's whistleblower to speak in full to Congress or risk consequences.
"We must be sure that the President and his Administration are always conducting our national security and foreign policy in the best interest of the American people, not the President's personal or political interest," Pelosi said. "This violation is about our national security. The Inspector General determined that the matter is 'urgent' and therefore we face an emergency that must be addressed immediately.
"If the Administration persists in blocking this whistleblower from disclosing to Congress a serious possible breach of constitutional duties by the President, they will be entering a grave new chapter of lawlessness which will take us into a whole new stage of investigation," Pelosi continued. "Thank you for your patriotism."
It remains to be seen whether or not the Trump administration will cooperate with House Democrats, who have certainly shown little in the way of good faith since taking power. Here, as in all previous cases, their sole aim seems to be to create drama and spectacle for the cameras. If CNN's reporting is accurate, this so-called whistleblower does not even have first-hand knowledge of what Trump talked about with the Ukrainian president. This whole "scandal" is set to blow up in the Democrats' faces as badly as the Russian collusion hoax.
Perhaps even worse, because this time, their big savior – Biden – could be implicated in an abuse of power scandal. Knowing that, it's no surprise to see Pelosi turn desperate.
Cory Booker: Donate in the Next 10 Days or I'm Dropping Out!
White House Reporter Throws "Beer Cans at TV" in Anger Over Trump
− five = 0


text:
September 1, 2019 September 27, 2019 admin
AWMA Newsletter August 2019
Section Reports
The Bray Award, to an individual who has made an outstanding contribution to the Association, was awarded at the Summer Fete in June to Susan Pagdin, from the Bowls Section. Congratulations to Sue.
The cricket teams were having a good year although the first team has been less successful. The pitches are in good order.
Squash Court 1 has been completed to a satisfactory standard. The opening exhibition match went well. Court 2 to be completed within the next 6 months. There are now over 100 members including 6 ladies.
Hockey has five representatives in the England mixed team, a great achievement. The Summer league is going well.
Archery – Max Oakley has become national champion at under 12 level, well done Max. The section continues to be popular with pre-enrolment training for new members.
Drama – The Murder Mystery plays in Bramhope and Adel generated £2,000 profit. Much needed donations amounting to £9,000 have been donated to AWMA this year. Their plays continue to attract sell out audiences.
The premises and grounds continue to need funding for both maintenance and new developments as outlined below.
Pavilion – There is a plan for six changing room for which the User sections need to start fund raising as the cost is approximately £300,000. Refurbishment of the existing cricket pavilion would cost approximately £85,000. The pavilion has now been painted by the cricket section at a cost of £2300.
Fencing – The fencing by the road has been replaced. Additionally the fence by the cricket field has been mended. The fence beside the pavement has been removed and Hawthorn bushes have been planted in its place. A bench is to be purchased and placed on the decking by the memorial stone.
Planning permission has been sought from Leeds City Council for removal of trees. They have asked for the Rowan to be replaced by a Rowan and the Sycamore (weed) will be replaced by a Silver birch. These replacement trees will cost approx. £280 + VAT.
The benches on the decking are in a poor state and need replacing / repairing as soon as possible.
There will be further discussions and meetings to replace some of the flat roofs
Other club news
LANDS END to JOHN O'GROATS CYCLE CHALLENGE
As part of Dave Pike's special birthday celebrations on 1 September he is joining a group tour with the aim of cycling from Lands End to John O'Groats over the course of 14 days.
He is taking the opportunity to raise funds for the Adel War Memorial Association – the foyer is in much need of a makeover to make the entrance more appealing and he is hoping to raise a significant contribution towards the cost.
The club will be grateful for donations and, where appropriate, AWMA can also claim Gift Aid which will increase the donation by 25%. He is seeking pledges but has also set up a Virgin Money Giving fundraising page (see link below). This will automatically include gift aid if the box is ticked:
http://uk.virginmoneygiving.com/DavePike
There is a form behind the bar if you would like to make a pledge. 1p per mile will contribute £10.
David Newby is coordinating and reporting on grant opportunities to the Executive Committee on a monthly basis. The Chairman commended him for all his good work. Priority works are the Electrics and the ladies toilets.
The Summer Fete in June 2019 raised £4,000, despite a downpour just as the event got into full swing. The 2020 Fete will be held on either the 7th or 14th June 2020 subject to the Cricket fixtures.
Previous Pat Riley Book Launch
Next Sunday Sounds Is Back!


A cold front and associated low moves off the upper South Island then onto the North Island during today, meanwhile a weak ridge moves over the South Island. A fresh southwesterly airflow lies over the country on Friday with a deep low to the east of the North Island.
Rain pushes into the western North Island late this morning, rain may be heavy for a time then easing evening. Dry in the east then some rain starts to push in from the west during the afternoon and evening. Rain about Nelson / Marlborough, heavy for a time then easing late afternoon, showers about Canterbury slowly ease with dry spells developing near the coast this afternoon. A few early morning showers about Southland and Otago then some sun, further showers possible later in the day.
Showers for the Waikato northwards on Friday, also Taranaki down through to Wellington in the west and along the east coast. Sunny areas elsewhere. Winds from the southwest strong about the east coast and through Cook Strait. Showers for most of the day along the South Islands east coast, showers clear Southland and Central Otago around midday then sun breaks through. Mostly sunny along the West Coast.


Your search: BIENVENIDOS A KINDERGARTEN! 2014-2015 MISS NOYES (K-3) MRS. ERICHSEN (K- 2) MISS SMITH (K-1) Gracias por venir!
¡BIENVENIDOS A KINDERGARTEN! 2014-2015 MISS NOYES (K-3) MRS. ERICHSEN (K- 2) MISS SMITH (K-1) ¡Gracias por venir!
USO DEL MULTIPLICADOR K$K$K$K$ = ELM 1 ∆Dep. * K $ = Dep. Inic. 0,10 1 = ∆Dep. = 2.000 * 10 = ?


text:
Q: Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSRangeException', reason: '*** -[__NSArrayI objectAtIndex:]: index 0 beyond bounds for empty array I have created two folders in my Documents directory.
I have a UITableView which shows the items in the folders.
Subfolder = @"/Sent";

It gives me a Threat 1: signs SIGABRT on the line:
NSString *last = [dataPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:[filePathsArray objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]];

I have two table views, this code below has been working fine until I added the 2 folders to the documents directory.
-(UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath{
    if (tableView == _tblConnectedDevices){
        UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:@"CellIdentifier"];

        if (cell == nil) {
            cell = [[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleDefault reuseIdentifier:@"CellIdentifier"];
        }

        cell.textLabel.text = [_arrConnectedDevices objectAtIndex:indexPath.row];

        return cell;
    } else {
        UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:@"Cell" forIndexPath:indexPath];
        if ([filePathsArray count] == 0){
            NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
            NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
            NSString *dataPath = [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",subFolder]];
            filePathsArray = [[NSFileManager defaultManager] subpathsOfDirectoryAtPath:dataPath  error:nil];
        }
        if ([filePathsArray count] > 0) {

            NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
            NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
            NSString *dataPath = [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",subFolder]];
            filePathsArray = [[NSFileManager defaultManager] subpathsOfDirectoryAtPath:dataPath  error:nil];
            NSString *last = [dataPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:[filePathsArray objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]];
            NSString *last2 = [[last lastPathComponent] stringByDeletingPathExtension];
            cell.textLabel.text = last2;
        }
        return cell;
    }
}

When I open one folder with a file in it, it loads fine, after, if i open the folder with nothing in it, I get the below error.
If i first open the folder with nothing in it, its fine, then open the folder with something in it, its fine, then when I go back to the empty folder, again the same error.
What am I missing here?
*** Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSRangeException', reason: '*** -[__NSArrayI objectAtIndex:]: index 0 beyond bounds for empty array'

A: You reassign filePathsArray in the middle of your method. You then access objects at an index without checking if it's inside the bounds of the array. That's most likely not correct.
if ([filePathsArray count] > 0) {
    /* ... */
    filePathsArray = [[NSFileManager defaultManager] subpathsOfDirectoryAtPath:dataPath  error:nil];
    NSString *last = [dataPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:[filePathsArray objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]];

The number of objects in filePathsArray can be less than indexPath.row after you have reassigned it.


The bankruptcy system provides individuals and families who are in financial distress with the opportunity to restructure their debts or substantially pay them down by liquidating assets, possibly followed by a discharge of many remaining debts. Since bankruptcy is such a far-reaching remedy, federal prosecutors deal quite harshly with fraud and other deceptive acts, such as concealing assets or income. A single count of bankruptcy fraud can result in up to five years in prison. In October 2015, a federal grand jury indicted a reality television star for bankruptcy fraud, based on prosecutors' allegations that she hid more than $775,000 in income during a Chapter 11 bankruptcy case. United States v. Miller, No. 2:15-cr-00212, indictment (M.D. Pa., Oct. 13, 2015).
When a person files for bankruptcy, typically under Chapter 7 or Chapter 13, they essentially open up their financial life to scrutiny by a court-appointed trustee and the court. Upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition, all of a debtor's non-exempt assets immediately become the property of a fictitious entity known as the bankruptcy estate. The bankruptcy trustee has the authority to manage and, in some cases, dispose of estate assets, pay debts, and make other major decisions. The debtor must make a full disclosure on schedules attached to the bankruptcy petition of all assets, liabilities, and income, including anything that might be exempt under federal or state laws.
The goal of any bankruptcy case, from the trustee's point of view, is to pay down the debtor's liabilities to the greatest extent possible. Creditors want to recover the money they are owed, but the trustee's job is to make the most efficient and effective use of estate assets. At the end of the bankruptcy case, the court may discharge debts that are not specifically excepted from discharge by law. It is a federal criminal offense for a debtor to conceal assets or income from the trustee or the court, to make false statements or claims, or to commit a wide variety of other deceptive acts. 18 U.S.C. § 152. The government may prosecute any "scheme or artifice to defraud" in connection with a bankruptcy case as bankruptcy fraud. 18 U.S.C. § 157.
The defendant in Miller owns a dance studio in Pittsburgh that trains children for dance competitions. A reality television program about the defendant and her studio, known as "Dance Moms," has aired on the cable network Lifetime since 2011. She has also appeared on several spin-off shows and other television programs. She filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in December 2010, claiming approximately $325,000 in assets and liabilities of over $350,000. She also stated that she is self-employed with a monthly income of $8,899. Her case, according to the indictment, resulted in lengthy stays of execution by multiple creditors, as well as substantial restructuring of debt. The bankruptcy court granted a discharge in December 2013.
According to the Associated Press, "a channel-surfing bankruptcy judge" began to doubt her claimed income after seeing her on television in December 2012. Based on a federal investigation, prosecutors now allege that the defendant concealed income totaling more than $775,000, from television appearances and other projects, during the bankruptcy case. The indictment lists 20 counts: five counts of concealing assets, 18 U.S.C. § 152(1); 13 counts of false statements, 18 U.S.C. § 152(3); and two counts of bankruptcy fraud, 18 U.S.C. § 157(3).
Board-certified west Texas white-collar crime attorney Michael J. Brown has defended the rights of people facing white-collar and drug-related criminal charges for more than 20 years. To schedule a confidential consultation to see how we can help you, contact us online or at (432) 687-5157 today.


The personal data we collect from you, we will use them for the primary purpose of identifying you, keeping you informed about promotions of our products, sending your purchases and installing the product on site.
In case you do not want your personal data to be processed for these purposes, from this moment or before the processing of your data, you can communicate the above, in writing, at our address indicated above or through the email andresbarreiro @ Me.com, to the attention of Andrés Barreiro Pacheco.
The refusal to use your personal data for the purpose described above, can not be a reason for us to deny the services and products you request or contract with us.
To carry out the purposes described in this privacy notice, we will use the following personal data: Full name, landline and mobile phone, email, private address and tax, federal taxpayer registration. On the other hand, we inform you that we will not require personal data, considered as sensitive that require special protection.
We inform you that your personal data will not be shared with third parties, inside or outside the country.
For the exercise of any of the ARCO rights, you must submit the respective application in writing, at our address indicated above or in the email andresbarreiro@me.co ,, to the attention of Andrés Barreiro Pacheco, subscribed by the holder or By duly accredited person, clearly stating the reason for their request.
To know the procedure and requirements for the exercise of ARCO rights, you can call the following telephone number +52 (415) 121.25.01, enter our website www.nidomuebles.com.mx, or contact Our Privacy Department will process requests for the exercise of these rights and will address any questions you may have regarding the treatment of your information.
You can revoke the consent that, in your case, you have granted us for the processing of your personal data. However, it is important to bear in mind that in all cases we will not be able to attend to your request or conclude the use immediately, as it is possible that for some legal obligation we require to continue processing your personal data. You also have to consider that for certain purposes, the revocation of your consent will mean that we can not continue to provide the service you requested or the conclusion of your relationship with us.
In order to revoke your consent, you must submit your respective request in writing, at our address indicated above or in the email andresbarreiro@me.com, to the attention of Andrés Barreiro Pacheco, signed by the holder or by a person duly accredited, clearly stating the Reason for your request.
To know the procedure and requirements for the revocation of consent, you must submit your request, via email or in writing at our offices, whose address has been referred to earlier in this notice.


Monongahela Valley Hospital's physicians and staff are doing their part to help women of all ages during Breast Cancer Awareness month in October.
MVH and its Regional Cancer Center will present a free Breast Cancer Education and Screening Luncheon on Wednesday, Oct. 30, at 1 p.m. in the hospital's Anthony M. Lombardi Education Conference Center.
The event is free to all women who register and will feature a light lunch, two guest speakers, information regarding early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer as well as optional breast examinations.
From left, MVH Director of Medical Records Lauren Altemera, RHIA, of Rostraver Township, with Rostraver residents Bill and Linda Horrell, owners of MarBill Diamonds & Jewelry in Belle Vernon, who are supporting Monongahela Valley Hospital's free Breast Cancer Education Screening and Luncheon Wednesday, Oct. 30 at 1 p.m. at the hospital. Also with them are Jamie Fedorchak, RN, of Fallowfield Township, Nurse Manager of 7-East Oncology; MVH Assistant Director of Medical Records Angel Swab, of Smithton, and Andrew J. Zahalsky, M.D., of Venetia, MVH director of Medical Oncology.
The presentations will be given by Natalie Furgiuele, M.D., a breast surgeon at MVH, and Mohsen Isaac, M.D., director of Radiation Oncology at MVH.
In addition to the physicians, radiology technologists from MVH will discuss breast cancer facts, techniques of performing breast self-examinations, and the importance of mammograms and mammography resources.
Following the optional physical breast exams by members of the hospital's medical staff, a mammogram will be scheduled for any woman who has an abnormal finding during the screening. Routine yearly mammograms may also be scheduled for women who have a family history of breast cancer, who fall into a high-risk category, and who have never had a baseline mammogram or who meet the recommended age guidelines.
Advance registration is required by calling MVH's registration hotline at 724-258-1333.


Peter James Cario, 80, formerly of Port Jefferson Station, NY passed away peacefully on Monday, April 1st, 2019 in Melbourne Florida. He is survived by his loving wife of 59 years Lynne, and their children Pamela and her husband Peter Sayles of Colonia, NJ, Peter and his wife Cheryl Sena of Santa Clarita, CA. He is also survived by his brother Samuel Cario of Englewood, Florida as well as three grandchildren, Elliot, Gabriella and Bella who fondly called him Papa.
Pete retired US Army National Guard CWO whose military service spanned 40 years. He was also a civic activist in Port Jeff Station where he and Lynne lived for 35 years. His civic involvement included being a Comsewogue School Board member for six years. He also served as a Brookhaven Town civic member for 13 years and volunteered for Suffolk County Special Olympics.
Pete was very active in sports including the Town of Brookhaven Youth Board, Eastern Suffolk Baseball Umpires Association, Suffolk County Wrestling Referees Association, as well as the Terryville Baseball Board of Directors. Pete also coached for multiple little league and travel ball teams.
Pete and Lynne were active members of St Paul's Lutheran Church in Port Jefferson for over 25 years. Pete served on the council and Lynne sang in the choir. Together they attended various church conventions as well as serving as delegates to the Eastern District Convention-American Lutheran Church.
Pete and Lynne moved to Melbourne Florida in 1998 where they have been active members of Advent Lutheran Church. Pete's civic involvements continued. Pete was a member of the Suntree Community Emergency Response Team (CERT), and was also on the Board of Directors of Renaissance Pointe HOA.
Pete and Lynne were happiest when traveling together. Their favorite destination was Cancun, Mexico where they spent many happy hours together, enjoyed relaxing on its beautiful beaches, and swimming in the serene blue waters. Cancun became a home away from home with the gracious staff at the Riu, their second family. In October, Peter celebrated his 80th birthday in Cancun with Lynne and their children.
A celebration of life for Peter James Cario will be held at 11:00 am on Saturday, April 6th, 2019 at Advent Lutheran Church, 7550 N. Wickham Road, Melbourne, Florida 32940. In lieu of flowers, donations may be made to Advent Lutheran Church.


Court Yard Hounds is an American country music and folk duo, founded by sisters Martie Maguire and Emily Robison. They, along with Natalie Maines, make up the Dixie Chicks. The sisters decided to record a side project under a different name. Court Yard Hounds, featuring Robison for the first time as lead vocalist released a debut album for Columbia Records, the same label for which the Dixie Chicks has recorded, on May 4, 2010.


Home Health & Wellness Is Red Wine Really Healthy?
Knowledge is freedom and I have something interesting for you to know that just loosens some of the shackles of ignorance and helps you make better health choices and consequently helps you understand what is beneficial and what is not. To start with, the answer to the title of this article is an absolute YES. I know one stereotype that comes with wine, whatever color it`s in, is that it is bad or unhealthy because it contains alcohol. However, when we hold up a critical microscopic view on the many activities and intakes we are used to taking or doing, we find out that some of these things we outright castigate and tag as bad are actually a part of them. What does this tell us? Nothing in itself is bad, really. It only becomes bad when it is abused. Many of these things could help in ways you can`t imagine. There are a number of herbal mixtures that contain alcohol as well. I could go on and on about the many misconceptions we have, but that is not the direction we are heading. So, we have said that red wine is healthy. The next big question is how.
So How Is Red Wine Healthy?
Ever poured yourself a glass of a 1949 Domaine Leroy Richebourg Grand Cru just to get that feeling of utter bliss? Well, it turns out the Red wine can do more than just provide that great satisfaction; it could also have health benefits. Red wine when taken in moderation according to some research studies has been said to contribute many beneficent healthy effects to the heart. Alcohol and certain substances in red wine could also assist in preventing coronary artery disease, the condition that leads to heart attacks. These substances could be referred to as antioxidants. Although, there are no definite conclusions that prove that red wine leads to lesser risks of heart attacks. Many studies just agree that it could work. Funny right? Everything as said earlier, could be useful. You just need to know how it can be useful and you should do things in moderation. Those studies do find common ground on the benefits of red wine, arriving at the conclusion that the contents of the red wine which we refer to as antioxidants may increase levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (the "good" cholesterol) and also guard against cholesterol accumulation.
With that said, alcohol still has its side effects and could lead to addiction for many. Hence, it is why medical practitioners are wary of encouraging anyone to take it, even for medicinal or health benefits. Many of them are cautious of prescribing it, not because it is bad in its make up, but because humans are unpredictable and can easily fall off the wagon. But, as earlier mentioned, in moderation, there is no problem at all. It is perfectly safe. Regardless, one undisputed fact that many doctors are agreed upon is that something in red wine appears to be of some benefit to your heart. The summation made by these medical personnel that it is possible that substances present in the content of red wine like antioxidants, such as flavonoids or a substance called resveratrol which we briefly talked about as one of the 9 herbal remedies for curing prostate cancer in one of our previously published articles on Prostate Cancer, have heart-healthy benefits. Also, antioxidants in red wine called polyphenols could help protect the lining of blood vessels in your heart. A polyphenol called resveratrol is one substance in red wine that has received all the focus.
Resveratrol could be gotten from sources like the skin of grapes, blueberries, raspberries, and mulberries. It might also be the only key ingredient in red wine that actually contributes to better health. It prevents damage to blood vessels, reduces low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (the "bad" cholesterol) and prevents blood clots. Some studies reveal that resveratrol could be potent in lowering the risk of inflammation and blood clotting, which are heavily linked to causal factors that lead to heart disease.
Red wine's potential heart-healthy benefits look promising, at least for those who apply some level of moderation when taking alcohol, including red wine because they seem to have a lower risk of heart disease.
Here`s a suggestion on a moderate intake.
Red wine has been linked with some other benefits asides those of antioxidants such as resveratrol, catechin, epicatechin, and proanthocyanidins.
The risk of cancer reduces with moderate intake of red wine. Some studies have shown that wine consumption in moderation is associated with a lesser risk of several cancers like colon cancer, basal cell cancer, prostate cancer and even ovarian cancer.
Dementia is a haunting affliction. Fortunately, red wine could help you reduce the possibility of that. Drinking 1–3 glasses of wine every day has been acclaimed to reduce the risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease.
Pop open a bottle of Château Lafite and let your depression fly away. A study of middle-aged and elderly people uncovered that those who drank 2–7 glasses of wine per week were less likely to become depressed. "Drink your sorrows and problems away" has never been truer.
Insulin resistance is a resistance to the hormone, insulin which results in increased blood sugar. So, with a drink of 2 glasses per day of regular or dealcoholized red wine for 4 weeks, insulin resistance reduces.
Diabetes is a nasty pickle one tries to avoid in their lifetime. With moderate red wine consumption, there is a chance of reduced risk of type 2 diabetes in women.
It has also been discovered that red wine and its content help in maintaining healthy blood vessels and blood pressure. Some scientists from the United Kingdom made a discovery that procyanidins, found in red wine help in keeping the blood vessels healthy.
It seems clear without a doubt that moderate amounts of red wine can be extremely helpful for you in maintaining good health. Also, one could opt for non-alcoholic wines too since most of the components that assist in granting a clean bill of health in the red wine are not alcohol dependent. Enjoy your glass of red wine, ensuring a healthier you, with loads of benefits such as reduced cholesterol accumulation, a healthier heart, reduced risk of cancer dementia, depression, insulin resistance, diabetes, and what else? You get healthy blood vessels; not forgetting the satisfaction.


"Light Up" is an annual Music & Arts Concert which attracts top executives and high profile customers of respective corporate organizations to usher in the Christmas Season.
It is a special night of Songs, Dance-Drama, Orchestra, Choreography and Comedy, featuring eminent African & International inspirational singers & artistes.
In a bid to further thrill our guests, this year, a host of carefully selected well-seasoned artistes have been scheduled to perform at this year's edition.
These include the sensational international gospel artiste Sinach, The Soulful singer, Timi Dakolo, Nigeria's best gospel artiste, Frank Edwards, the high life soul singer, Sunny Neji, Sonorous voiced Ada, upcoming Afro-Gospel singer Dennis, while the super-hilarious Helen Paul will feature as the MC/Stand-up comedian.
As it was in the previous years, there will also be a special performance by the Ayo Bankole Orchestra.
This year, it is going to be a Red Tie dinner event, commencing with a grand cocktail/classical quartet on a Gold Carpet to be anchored by the ace photo specialist, Kelechi Amadi Obi. Nouveau Wonder artist Oresegun Olumide will be exhibiting live with his unusual style of art works along with other selected artists.
Date: Sunday, December 4th, 2016.
This event, which holds at Landmark Centre, Victoria Island, Lagos, is a night of glamour, exquisite wines, gourmet cuisine and aficionados.
It sets the best mood for the Christmas season once again,and we believe it also provides a unique platform for your organization to give a treat to your valuable agents & key customers while also creating great networking opportunities.
Kindly visit www.lightupconcert.com to view clips of previous editions.
Win free tickets to attend "Light Up" Music & Arts Concert, Search for Light Up Concert on facebook and @lightupconcert on instagram for the free tickets giveaway post..
It is a special Christmas concert!


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2/25/2012 08:16:00 AM Jim B. 2 comments
UPDATE: Much thanks to Libertarian Neocon who looked up the underlying data on the YouGov/Econ poll.
In the words of Emily Latella, "never mind."
The poll detail (PDF) actually shows Santorum beating Romney in a head to head match up. This fits with what we have seen all primary season, that Romney is unacceptable to the majority of GOP voters so far. Here is the current poll for all candidates:
And here is the head to head with Santorum and Romney in a 2 way race (completely contradicting the YouGov chart and editorial below)
However – there is MUCH more interesting data on social issues and voters that we will cover in another upcoming post. Suffice it to say – Santorum is still on a roll with GOP voters.
Much has been made of Willard Mitt Romney's inability to crack the nationwide 25% GOP nomination ceiling that seemed to indicate the entire primary was the race to select the "anti-Romney." These voters are also known as the "Non-Roms," "DitchMitts," or "WillardWont's."
This makes obvious sense, since those of us who remember the movie "Willard" have enough anxiety about psychotic Presidents in real life without one named "Willard in the White House. That is not fair, of course, to the former Massachusetts Governor, and if my parents had branded me with such a given name I'd be more than willing to revert to a first name of a baseball glove but also. At least his middle name wasn't "Wilson" or "Spaulding."
A new poll out by YouGov confirms that Santorum is now the clear front runner for the GOP nomination and has a very interesting additional tidbit.
A majority of the GOP will not vote for Rick Santorum.
Now many had a consistent narrative (including yours truly) that the party simply wouldn't abide by a fake conservative like Willard Mitt. Especially not one that would lie about manipulating a state into accepting gay marriage by executive order or one who couldn't achieve anything higher than a 47th place ranking among Governors in a time of low unemployment and decent national economic growth.
What the heck did we know?
I mean, did any of us envision a sweater wearing, anti-culture Senator who as a Senate leader lost the Congress to the Democrats just a few years ago? (Yeah – that's my excuse too. It would be like projecting the geriatric Madonna would be the star of the Super Bowl halftime show.)
I've been screaming the past few weeks for conservatives to realize two things:
Rick Santorum is neither a "true" conservative, nor "principled."
Rick Santorum is the nightmare candidate for the GOP.
Wall Street Journal's Dorthy Rabinowitz (yesterday) observes:
It's not only that a certain body of Santorum pronouncements on social issues exists, and that they're of a sort that large sectors of the American electorate find unpalatable, to put it mildly. Or that he continues to add to them.
By the time Democratic researchers apply themselves to this compendium of Mr. Santorum's views—in the unlikely event that he becomes the Republican nominee—it's size will have doubled, at the least. The Republicans have already provided President Obama with high-value gifts this election year, but none nearly as delectable as the prospect of a run against Mr. Santorum.
She goes on to quote just a few quotes from the Pennsylvania pseudo-priest including his comments on JFK, contraception, women and the very disturbing defense of gay priests. Santorum supporters will be quick with a counter argument to rationalize each of these. Santorum himself is now quicker to explain his gaffes. The explanation normally begins with "what I meant was…" But like fake box office winners or fake Iowa straw poll results – you can't get back the impact of the first perceived impression.
I am unsure of how to reach my fellow fundamentalist friends who have been stupefied by the (supposed) saintly Senator. They don't seem to understand that religious conservatives make up less than 22% of the population and less than 50% of the Republican party. They don't seem to understand the lessons of Goldwater Republicans that "being right" has nothing to do with persuading other Americans to join them or winning elections. They also don't seem to understand how to reasonably project how a Santorum CANDIDACY would play out. (I just argued in the second part of a 2 part series that based on ACTUAL past track record the scenario's which are most likely.)
There certainly are circumstances where "popular opinion" is wrong. The Democrats always held that a Hollywood actor couldn't get elected (both in California and nationally.) Even the GOP leaders laughed at a single term Georgia congressman with too much fat and sideburns that he could orchestrate a usurpation of liberal control of the House of Representatives.
But Reagan had intelligence and charm that outweighed the "lightweight" political presupposition of his opponents. Gingrich understood the mechanics of popular opinion on 10 issues ALREADY massively popular with the American people and organized them as a lead blocker for an entire freshman class of GOP conservative players (including a little known lawyer named Richard J. Santorum). But Wally Cleaver has none of Regan's warmth and grand fatherliness and his very visible religious convictions (many that I also share) are not just unpopular – they are divisive to a vast majority of Americans and those that persuade them. And unlike Gingrich, he isn't inspiring them to his viewpoint to be better, he is chiding them like little Catholic schoolchildren.
There is evidence that this "anti-Rick" sentiment is being proven out as Michigan voters are being introduced to Rick by his campaign, the antagonistic media and his opponents negative ads. Romney has jumped back to a 6 point lead. Unfortunately as rational voters realize that Rick is a rhetorical ricochet away from giving the Democrats their dream campaign disputant, it may fall to conservatives to rally around Paul, Gingrich or Romney to stop an endless campaign about contraceptives and Christian canon instead of jobs and judicial reform.
Those who truly care about not giving Obama a second term, and radically reforming government, had better buy a clue that they are putting their personal insecurity of needing their religious values reaffirmed over the best options for the party. Or the country.
Posted in: 2012,election,Mitt Romney,politics,Rick Santorum,rsfiles
Ambassador of Christ says:
The USA can not afford to elect another amateur politcian. Newt is the only one running that knows the ropes. He's the only one that can clobber Obama and he's the only one that has the "know how and the fortitude" to implement the changes that will get this country back on its feet.


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Pictures devour reality
Posted by Richard Coyne ⋅ January 7, 2012 ⋅ 8 Comments
Filed Under Caillois, insects, mimicry, photography, Surrealism
Most of us harbour the suspicion that being photographed removes something essential: if not our souls, then privacy, security, self image, the way we want to look. According to Susan Sontag the camera can "presume, intrude, trespass, distort, exploit, and, at the farthest reach of metaphor, assassinate" (Sontag, 1979, p.13) … and from a safe distance.
It's interesting to consider that an image not only "preserves" but can also inflict lethal damage on the thing copied, and not only in the way that pressing a rare book onto the glass plate of a scanner damages the book's spine.
The Surrealist writer Roger Caillois provides one of the most unusual arguments for this capacity of a copy to "assassinate," or devour, its original. He develops his argument by considering the evolution of insect species (Caillois, 1984).
For Caillois, mimicry (ie the ability to turn yourself into a copy of something else) is a property found in all of nature, but most peculiarly in insects that imitate their environment (other insects, plants, birds and rocks) ostensibly to ward off or escape predators. Apparently, some insects mimic in excess of immediate need, and even when the strategy seems to be ineffective. It seems that nature's evolutionary, adaptive processes work towards mimicry, as if for the sake of mimicry itself, opposed to other strategies for survival [2].
Caillois thinks the ability of certain species to mimic their environment indicates a "disturbance" in the perception of space for these species. According to Caillois the creature that mimics a leaf is dislocated. It is at the mercy of its environment, prone to involuntary mimicry rather than an agent of choice with the ability to decide about its place in the world.
This condition of spatial dislocation is also apparently manifested in human beings in the case of legendary psychasthenia: a psychological disorder characterized by phobias, obsessions, compulsions, or excessive anxiety. It is ultimately a disturbance between personality and space. People with this condition apparently say they know where they are located but do not feel as though, or sense that, they are at that location. For Caillois, legendary psychasthenia exaggerates a condition that affects all of us.
Perhaps we can extend Caillois' argument to our own unavoidable commitment to mimicry. We mimic not only by acting, dressing up, or copying the mannerisms of others, but of course by deploying instruments of reproduction: drawing, sculpture, photography, digital renderings.
By this reading the quest for representational realism, exhibited in various traditions of art, science and computer imagery, is already an indication of an "aberrant" condition, a strange relationship with our environment. We cannot avoid copying and mimicking other things (our environment, spaces, animals, machines, each other).
Contrary to implying mastery and control, this tendency towards mimicry indicates the converse, a lack of control, a subjugation to the dictates of our environment. The tendency to mimic has the upper hand over independent agency and subjectivity, and is suggestive of disorientation.
In his own argument Caillois attempts to attack positivistic science's all-embracing representational schemas, and, by projection, the idea of the complete digital model, photoreal digital imagery, complete maps of everything (think of Google maps and StreetView). Under this critique, following Freud and Piaget, he seems to think this attempt at control is infantile and futile.
Clearly, the propensity towards photorealism in computer graphics is of a different order of technical and reflective sophistication than the cognitively bland instinct among insects to look like twigs and leaves. But the biological mechanism is equally profound, and the strong implication of Caillois' polemic is that the ever-present impulse toward visual mimicry is in excess of the need to reproduce the visual, sonic, tactile or structural properties of our environment.
These are startling propositions. But Caillois also considers the way evolution seems to "overreach" itself.
Evolution favours the development of traits such as colourings, adornments, and courtship rituals that have expanded (effloresced) to a degree that seems to jeopardize other survival traits, for example by making organisms more visible to predators. Caillois is interested in the self-destructive capacity of such developments, a tendency towards "dangerous luxury" (Caillois, 1984 p.25) [3].
Nature is wasteful. Apparently Phyllia are so successful in concealing their identity as insects that they mistake each other's wings for leaves and are known to mistakenly devour one another.
Caillois' is an extreme argument, drawing on strange references to assert yet again that things are not as they appear at first. His argument is analogous to that of Jacques Derrida in asserting the destructive nature of the data store, or archive. The strategy of this style of polemic is to assert the opposite to what our "common sense" tells us and see where this leads.
I've explored the implications of Caillois' argument further in Coyne, Richard. 2007. Forms in the Dark: Nature, Waste and Digital Imitation. In M. Frascari, J. Hale, and B. Starkey (eds.), From Models to Drawings: Imagination and Representation in Architecture. London: Routledge. PDF
Caillois, Roger. 1984. Mimicry and legendary psychasthenia. October, (31) Winter, 17-32 (First published in Minotaure in 1935).
Caillois, Roger. 2003. The praying mantis: from biology to psychoanalysis. In C. Frank (ed.), The Edge of Surrealism: 69-81. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Coyne, Richard. 2005. The digital uncanny. In P. Turner, and E. Davenport (eds.), Spaces, Spatiality and Technology: 5-18. Dordrecht: Springer.
Coyne, Richard. 2007. Forms in the Dark: Nature, Waste and Digital Imitation. In M. Frascari, J. Hale, and B. Starkey (eds.), From Models to Drawings: Imagination and Representation in Architecture. London: Routledge.
Frank, Claudine (ed). 2003. The Edge of Surrealism: A Roger Caillois Reader. Trans. C. Frank, and C. Naish. Durham: Duke University Press.
Freud, Sigmund. 1990. Beyond the pleasure principle. In A. Richards (ed.), The Penguin Freud Library, Volume 11: On Metapsychology: 269-338. Harmondsworth: Middlesex: Penguin. First published in German in 1920.
Grosz, Elizabeth. 2001. Architecture from the Outside: Essays on Virtual and Real Space. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
Mauss, Marcel. 1990. The Gift: The Form and Reason for Exchange in Archaic Societies. Trans. W. D. Halls. New York: W. W. Norton. First published in French in 1925.
Sontag, Susan. 1979. On Photography. London: Penguin.
Veblen, Thorstein. 1998. The Theory of the Leisure Class. Amherst, New York: Promethius. First published in 1899.
Vidler, Anthony. 1995. The Architectural Uncanny: Essays in the Modern Unhomely. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
1. Anthony Vidler has applied Caillois' insights to Etienne-Louis Boullée's creation of "dark space" (Vidler, 1995) and Elizabeth Grosz to the porosity of spatial boundaries, and the problematic relationships suggested by architecture, philosophy, gender and virtuality (Grosz, 2001). I have deployed Caillois' insights in a study of the uncanny in spatial representation (Coyne, 2005). The PDF attached to this post applies Caillois' conjectures to the issue of computer imagery in detail, drawing on Claudine Frank's recent commentary and compilation of Caillois' papers (Frank, 2003). Writing in the 1930s, Caillois' paper on mimicry and legendary psychasthenia, along with his paper on the praying mantis (Caillois, 1934;Caillois, 2003), was an acknowledged influence on subsequent interpretations of Freud.
2. Any student of contemporary genetics would have little difficulty explaining the apparent profligacy and extravagant mimetic displays in nature to which Caillois refers. Arguably, Caillois' understanding of biology fits more comfortably with the obsolete theories of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, who conjectured that organisms inherit traits acquired somatically by their forebears, than with Charles Darwin's theory of fitness, survival and natural selection. But whatever the account of the mechanism, the phenomenon of mimesis in nature presents to our sensibilities as "remarkable," itself evidence that psychology and biology are co-implicated in cultural production in ways yet to be exhausted.
3. In so far as there is a continuity between the life of insects and cultural production, there are resonances here with Freud's concept of the "death drive" (Freud, 1990). The profligacy of cultural production is well-presented in Thorstein Veblen's account of the bourgeois tendency to demonstrate power and wealth by showing how wasteful one can be (through conspicuous consumption), even when the wealth is not there (Veblen, 1998), and Marcel Mauss' anthropology of the potlatch, a demonstration of power to an ally by the willful self-destruction of one's own resources (boats, houses, slaves), in lieu of a gift (Mauss, 1990).
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8 thoughts on "Pictures devour reality"
I hope this isn't nit-picking or spoiling a good story with needless facts, but this sent me to my battered copy of Mimicry in Plants and Animals, Wickler (1968).
It appears that what Roger Caillois called mimicry might now be called camouflage or cryptic behavior; with examples such as: –
Flat fish matching the seabed background to make it harder for predators to find them.
Spiders' webs with pseudo-platforms, which appear to be occupied by spiders, reducing the chance of the real spider being predated in any particular attack.
In both cases the individual's chances of survival are increased.
Mimicry as such seems to have the following basic forms: –
In Batesian Mimicry one species (the mimic) comes to resemble another unpalatable species (the model). The resemblance can be visual, olfactory, acoustic or behavioral. It is important that the model is unpalatable rather than actually poisonous so that predators have a chance to learn their mistakes.
In Müllerian Mimicry several species, all of which are unpalatable, in effect club together to optimise predator learning. If these all give the same signal to a predator then they reduce their individual share of the necessary teaching predation.
Mertensian Mimicry is where a poisonous species mimics a less poisonous but lesson teaching species.
In these cases it is in the interest of both mimic and model that predators can easily recognize them.
They therefore need to announce their presence rather than hide it.
Aggressive Mimicry is where a predator (or parasite) mimics another species that is harmless to the prey (or host) species allowing the predator (or parasite) to avoid detection.
Mimesis is between Camouflage and Mimicry and is where a species takes on the form of another object or organism to which signal receivers are generally indifferent.
In both these cases it is not in the interests of the mimic to be easily recognised for what it is.
Wickler, W. (1968) Mimicry in plants and animals
Translated from the German by R.D.Martin
World University Library: Weidenfield and Nicolson: London
Posted by Graham Shawcross | January 8, 2012, 6:32 pm
Thanks Graham. This is very helpful. It's especially interesting that according to your account of Wickler (who I must read one day), natural selection favours a tendency to mimic an organism (model) that's unpalatable rather than an organism that's fatal to most predators. Perhaps sometimes there's a top model, the survivor at the top of the pile whose consumption is fatal to most predators. Then there are also the less fatal relatives, and the copycats. (For some reason I'm thinking of mushrooms.)
I'm stretching the metaphor even further but perhaps there's a cultural correlate. Thinking of computer graphics and CGI effects in movies, we would probably rather not experience a simulation of an actual explosion, but of a lesser, non-fatal kind of fireworks display. Movie consumers seem to favour simulations that appear somewhat tame and safe.
When we see an actor playing Gandhi or Mrs Thatcher we would rather the actors just resemble other really good mimics than be indistinguishable from the originals. The original may be too much of a challenge — impossible to recruit into the role, but also embarrassing to watch. (Come to think of it this might be what makes verité celebrity appearances in sitcoms — eg Life's Too Short — so difficult to digest.)
Media consumers are not really predators, but I do feel we like a good simulation experience, much of which involves knowing that what we are experiencing is a simulation. But this is probably more Baudrillard than Caillois … Food for thought.
Posted by Richard Coyne | January 10, 2012, 7:27 pm
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