The Firefly 2.0 is the heart and soul of the photo booth sale offered by Snapden. Our photo booth sale equipment is designed with a versatile look that works in every setting. The custom LED Glow system can change from clean white to electric pink. The Firefly is filled with high quality components and subtle details. the Firefly works great alone or paired with our photo backdrops to make the perfect photo booth experience.
Our photo booth equipment comes equipped with a high quality, double-walled protective sleeves for storage and transportation. It also comes with a custom dolly and straps for transportation. With four sets of wheels on the dolly, single-person loading into a vehicle is extremely easy. Can you lift 40lbs? Then you can transport the Firefly! Our photo booth equipment is designed to be simple to use and transport.
Two easy access panels reveal a boat-load of powerful components in our photo booth equipment. The Firefly includes a Canon T5 DSLR camera and professional strobe flash. It also includes an industrial touch screen monitor, Intel i5 computer and a fully customizable LED controller.
A powerful industrial computer powers the Firefly and the exterior junction box gives easy access to everything. The photo booth equipment's available ports include USB 3.0, HDMI, Speaker, Mic, Auxiliary power and a central power switch. With this photo booth equipment you can roll up to an event and be running in as little as a few minutes. Simplicity at its finest.
Dark Room Photo Booth Software is the easiest and most powerful photo booth software on the market. Every Firefly comes pre-loaded with Dark Room.
Check out the Dark Room Booth website.
Wrap the Firefly with the Convertible.
The fully enclosed walls to the Snapden System.
Snapden's modern take on the fully enclosed photo booth comes to life as the Convertible. This fully enclosed structure allows for the feeling of privacy, while the open top makes it feel spacious beyond belief. Unlike anything on the market, this photo backdrop gets noticed from across the room and keeps people coming back for more.
Add the Fly Thru to the Firefly.
Snapden's Open Concept Photo Booth.
Snapden's take on the open concept photo booth is the Fly Thru. The curved shape draws attention from a distance and works well with large and small crowds alike. No matter where it's used people can't help but Fly Thru and come back from more! The Fly Thru is our most easy to set up backdrop, requiring as little as 10 minutes to set up. Easy, professional, perfect.
Like what you see? Want to Chat Details?
Learn more about our photo booth equipment packages and see how you can become a part of the Snapden Family.


The School of Public Health will host a fall and spring career fair that will engage all majors of the school. Additionally, we will host a campus-wide summer camp jobs fair. Career fairs are an excellent way to gain broad exposure to a wide array of students while enhancing your campus presence. Fairs provide opportunities to meet with seniors and graduate students seeking full-time opportunities as well as freshman, sophomores, and juniors looking for internships.
Registration for the fairs will be open in June.
Have questions? Please contact Trudy McConnell.


Being a well-read publication on watches, we receive an awful lot of e-mail from our readers asking to help them to find a watch. In most cases, they exactly know what they are looking for but just can't manage to find the right timepiece. In other cases, people have a budget in mind but didn't decide on a specific brand or model yet. We can imagine this is tough, as there are so many brands and models to choose from. We collected the most recent bunch of requests that we received and concluded that most of them are about helping to find a watch between 2000 and 3000 Euro.
We asked Chronolytics to do some data mining and see what the most popular watch brands and models are between 2000 Euro and 3000 Euro that come with a mechanical movement (either self-winding or hand-wound). We asked them to include both new as well as pre-owned watches. Numbers are based on watch consumers' demand in Q1 2015 in the United States as well as Europe.
As you can see above, we first give you the Top 10 Mechanical Watches brands and their share-of-voice in the European and US markets. As said before, it is based on all watches, including new and pre-owned. It is interesting to see that NOMOS made it into the US market and not in the European market. Instead, we see Zenith in this price range in the European market. Tudor has gained a high ranking in both Top 10 Mechanical Watches brand overviews, whereas the brand wouldn't even get a mention in the Top 10 a few years ago. Brands that are normally in the higher priced regions, like Rolex, Jaeger-LeCoultre, IWC and so on, are in this list because of their pre-owned watches. Omega is the absolute number 1 in both overviews, although this brand has only a few watches (De Ville Prestige) that are priced below 3000 Euro (new watches). However, looking at pre-owned watches, there are a lot of models you can purchase for this budget from this famous brand from Biel, Switzerland.
We asked to collect the models by family, as otherwise we would have seen a lot of different Seamaster models (Aqua Terra, Planet Ocean, 300M and some vintage references) in the Top 10. The same goes for all the other models in this list, they have been aggregated to model family. It is very interesting to see that up to position 5 in the overviews, the models are the same for Europe and the United States. Tudor performs slightly better in the US with their Black Bay models, but we've also seen that Tudor has a higher share-of-voice in the US than it has in Europe. They had a huge campaign that started in 2013 already whereas in Europe we had to wait a bit longer (or there wasn't a campaign at all).
Furthermore, it seems that the US watch consumer has a slight preference for the Breitling SuperOcean models and in Europe the Chronomat performed a bit better. IWC is doing well with their Pilot models in this price range. We found the Carrera by TAG Heuer coming a bit as a surprise on this position, as we didn't expect the demand to be that high. For now, we included both new and pre-owned models but it would be interesting to see how new and pre-owned (TAG) Heuer models perform amongst on-line consumers. Especially since their change of strategy, starting last year.


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This Is How The Buses Are Driving Over The Holidays — The Reykjavik Grapevine
This Is How The Buses Are Driving Over The Holidays
Andie Fontaine
Not all of us own a car, but many of us have places to go. For such people, the municipal bus service (Strætó) exists, which also covers transport services for the disabled and the elderly.
As the holiday season is upon us, it's important to know when, or if, these services are running in the greater Reykjavík area during Christmastime and New Year's.
On Christmas Eve, which is tomorrow, city buses will be running according to the Saturday schedule. Extra routes will be added in the morning, but all service will be ended around 15:00.
On Christmas Day, Boxing Day, New Year's Eve and New Year's Day, buses will run according to the Sunday schedule, with the caveat that New Year's Eve service only extends until about 15:00.
To see how the route you're likely to take will be running on any of these days, refer to this handy schedule (.pdf) and look for your route number. You can also visit the official site or call them at 540-2700.
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Award Season Continues To Shower Iceland Music Scene With Love
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


This beautiful 14K rams head and amphora gold pendant lavaliere is inspired by the Neo Classical Archaeological Revival period of the Victorian era. Highly detailed, the rams head suspends a gold amphora pendant. This theme most likely is associated with Aphrodite and fertility as the ram symbolized sexual potency and the amphora the vessel to receive it. A wonderfully beautiful gift for the special Aries in your life too! Suspended on an 18" 14K cable chain secured by a spring ring clasp.
The pendant measures 1 5/8" x 3/4". The chain is 18 inches long. Weight is 4.6 grams.


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When did Macross 7 come out?
Macross 7/First episode date
It is a sequel to the show The Super Dimension Fortress Macross that takes place many years after the events of the first series following a cast of mostly new characters. The show ran from October 16, 1994 to September 24, 1995 at 11:00 a.m., and 49 episodes were aired.
Who is the MC in Macross Delta?
Hayate Immelman
Hayate Immelman (ハヤテ・インメルマン, Hayate Inmeruman) is the protagonist of the Macross Δ television series. He joined Delta Flight, where he developed his signature maneuver, the "Immelman Dance".
Can I start with Macross Delta?
You can watch it in aired order, which is SDF Macross, Mac+, Mac7, Mac Zero, Mac Frontier, and then get into Delta, or you can watch it in chronological order (storywise) by starting with Mac Zero and then continuing as ordered.
Where can I watch Macross 7?
Watch Macross 7 Encore online free on Gogoanime.
Who does Hayate Immelman end up with?
A Shocking Love Triangle Resolution. The one surprising element to Macross Delta 26 is that they didn't kill Freyja and have Hayate end up with Mirage.
What anime is freyja WION from?
Macross Δ television series
Freyja Wion (フレイア・ヴィオン, Fureia Uion) is one of the main protagonists of the Macross Δ television series. Born in Windermere Kingdom on the remote frontier of the galaxy, she ran away from an arranged marriage to join the tactical sound unit Walküre.
What kind of OVA is Macross 7 Encore?
Macross 7: Encore (マクロス7 アンコール) is an OVA consists of three unrelated episodes set during the Macross 7 series. 1.3 Which One Do You Love?
Is there a second series of Macross 7?
Macross 7 (マクロス7, Makurosu Sebun) is an anime television series. It is a sequel to the show The Super Dimension Fortress Macross that takes place many years after the events of the first series following a cast of mostly new characters.
Who is the enemy of the Macross 7?
In the seventh year of their mission the Macross 7 fleet encounters an unknown alien enemy. This new mysterious enemy is composed of heavily modified Valkyries led by a man named Gigile. In the first encounter, the Macross 7 engages the enemy with squadrons of their own Valkyries.
Who is Gigile on the Macross 7 fleet?
In the seventh year of their mission, the Macross 7 fleet encounters an unknown alien enemy. This new mysterious enemy is composed of heavily modified Valkyries led by a man named Gigile. In the first encounter, the Macross 7 engages the enemy with squadrons of their own Valkyries. This conventional warfare does little to stop the attack however.


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UK Commits £37 million for Centre to tackle Growth in Developing Countries
UK Secretary of State for International Development, Douglas Alexander, has announced at least £37 million over the next three years to establish a new International Growth Centre. The speech was delivered at the final event in ODI's 'Pushing Growth Up The Development Agenda' series, held last night (31st March) in the City of London.


Give below are the standard SF for invoice. Copy the standard smartform for invoice and do the necessary modifications.
you can check this link here you can see the steps and you can do it the same by looking at it..
1. In Tcode se11 Create a structure(struct) same like the Internal table that you are going to use in your report.
2. Create Table type(t_struct) of stracture in se11.
3. In your program declare Internal table(Itab) type table of structure(struct).
4. Define work area(wa) like line of internal table.
6. In form Global setting , forminterface Import parameter define Internal table(Itab) like table type of stracture(t_struct).
7. In form Global setting , Global definitions , in Global data define Work area(wa) like type stracture(struct).
8. In form pages and window, create Page node by default Page1 is available.
9. In page node you can create numbers of secondary window. But in form there is only one Main window.
10. By right click on page you can create windows or Go to Edit, Node, Create.
11. After creating the window right click on window create table for displaying the data that you are passing through internal table.
12. In the table Data parameter, loop internal internal table (Itab) into work area(wa).
13. In table there are three areas Header, Main Area, Footer.
14. Right click on the Main area create table line by default line type1 is there select it.
15. Divide line into cells according to your need then for each cell create Text node.
16. In text node general attribute. Write down fields of your work area(wa) or write any thing you want to display.
17. Save form and activate it.
18. Then go to Environment, function module name, there you get the name of function module copy it.
19. In your program call the function module that you have copied from your form.
20. In your program in exporting parameter of function pass the internal table(itab).
SAP Smart Forms is introduced in SAP Basis Release 4.6C as the tool for creating and maintaining forms.
configure forms with data from an SAP System for the relevant business processes.
To print a form, you need a program for data retrieval and a Smart Form that contains the entire from logic. As data retrieval and form logic are separated, you must only adapt the Smart Form if changes to the form logic are necessary. The application program passes the data via a function module interface to the Smart Form. When activating the Smart Form, the system automatically generates a function module. At runtime, the system processes this function module.
You can check individual nodes as well as the entire form and find any existing errors in the tree structure. The data flow analysis checks whether all fields (variables) have a defined value at the moment they are displayed.
SAP Smart Forms allow you to include graphics, which you can display either as part of the form or as background graphics. You use background graphics to copy the layout of an existing (scanned) form or to lend forms a company-specific look. During printout, you can suppress the background graphic, if desired.
SAP Smart Forms also support postage optimizing.
What Transaction to start SAP Smart Forms?
Execute transaction SMARTFORMS to start SAP Smart Forms.
SAP Smart Forms allows you to reduce considerably the implementation costs of mySAP.com solutions since forms can be adjusted in minimum time.
To make changes, use Drag & Drop, Copy & Paste, and select different attributes.
These actions do not include writing of coding lines or using a Script language.
Using your form description maintained in the Form Builder, Smart Forms generates a function module that encapsulates layout, content and form logic. So you do not need a group of function modules to print a form, but only one.
Contains the name of the raised exception. You must trigger your own exceptions, which you defined in the form interface, using the user_exception macro (syntax: user_exception <exception name >).


Margherita Peak stands at an impressive 5,109 meters on Mt Stanley in the Rwenzori's Mountains of western Uganda. This 8-day trek allows for ample acclimatisation time and takes you through stunning scenery all the way to the peak.
Unlike the more popular Kilimanjaro or Mt Kenya which are stand-alone mountains with a relatively straight forward up and down summit trek, the Rwenzori's are Africa's highest mountain range and as such have many accents and descents involved in reaching the peaks. This in combination with much more affordable prices, large biodiversity, beautiful scenery and far less tourism makes trekking the Rwenzori's arguably Africa's best trekking experience!
Margherita Peak at 5,109 metres on Mt Stanley in the Rwenzori Mountains, is Africa's third highest mountain, however the real beauty is in the climb up the Kilembe route, the forests and valleys, the flora is diverse from giant heather trees and valleys of ferns. Climbing Margherita Peak is now technical due to the ever-increasing number of crevasses. However, scaling the actual peak is more of a hard scramble than a climb and when it snows it is difficult but the rewards and exhilaration of reaching the top is enormous as you look across Albert Peak to the DRC (Congo) then east across the spectra of the Rwenzori Mountains.
This eight-day trip is recommended for people of average fitness and climbing ability. However, it is also possible to complete the trek in 7 days for those with higher tolerance to altitude and higher levels of fitness. This is not recommended, but for those with plenty of experience, this is a possibility.
Start at Trekkers at 1,450 meters and sleep at Sine Hut at 2,596 meters being a height gain of 1,146 meters, or those who are fit and want to proceed to Kalalama Camp at 3,134 metres may do so and apart from the fantastic views gives you more time at Mutinda Camp where you may climb up to Mutinda Lookout at 3,975 metres.
We start by walking up the valley floor through tall forest trees of the Afro Montane Forest Zone. This is a steady climb with multitudes of birds and a chance of seeing blue monkeys scampering off through the forest. At times visitors may see troupes of 15 to 20 black and white Colobus monkeys as they swing through the tree tops. There are rare sightings of the L'Hoest monkey which are part of the Bukonzo cultural emblems and are protected by the virtue of the King or Omusinga or you may hear wild chimpanzee in the distance. There is wide variety of plant species from forest trees to bamboos thickets, low shrubs, flowers, fungi, and with many moss and lichen covered vines hanging from the tall trees creating an awesome appeal. Enock's Falls are just 200 meters from Sine Hut and offer a splendid opportunity to capture a great screensaver for your memories.
At Sine Camp 2,596 metres we have wooden huts set between tall forest trees on a narrow ridge where you may sit and enjoy the beauty of the Afro Montane forest while you look down at a fantastic waterfall crashing over the rocks far below. Some clients prefer to sit outside enjoying the warmth of the campfire and chat to the guides about the mountains and life in their community. Sine is just below the bamboo zone and the area around has many different bird species. 150 meters from the camp is Enock falls which is set in livid green vegetation and hanging vine. Truly beautiful. Sleep at Sine, or those who are fit and want to proceed to Kalalama Camp at 3,134 metres may do so and apart from the fantastic views gives you more time at Mutinda Camp where you may climb up to Mutinda Lookout at 3,975 metres.
Trekking starts at 8.30am and almost immediately you enter the Bamboo-Mimulopsis Zone which is steep climb with many high steps. In the wet season the bamboo zone is rather muddy and slippery making the going slow. However the atmosphere and the forest is beautiful as you climb 551 metres altitude and a distance of 1.8km to Kalalama Camp at 3,147 meters which is in the Heather-Rapanea Zone where you can take a rest and a quick cup of tea or coffee before heading on to Mutinda Camp. The trail meanders up and over several small knolls along a ridge top then drops down the side of the valley before climbing again, and in doing so cross several small streams and pass close to moss covered waterfalls. You then climb steadily along the side of a beautiful mossy river which tumbles down over the rocks under the Giant Heather trees whose trunks are covered in green moss with old man beards (Usnea lichen) hanging from the branches. The trail twists and turns as you climb up the deep valley, which has an enormous variety of plants and flowers. This valley is unique with many Giant Heather trees creating a beautiful atmosphere often shrouded in mist.
The trail to Bugata Camp is boggy particularly in the wet season but with a little skill you can step from tussock to tussock to make the going easier. First you cross the Mutinda valley through the tussock grass and everlasting flowers interspersed with many Giant Lobelias before climbing a steep section up to the Namusangi Valley (3,840 meters), with sheer waterfalls and looking back you get fantastic views of Mutinda Peaks. The Namusangi Valley is wide, with many ups and downs as the trail climbs steadily to Bugata Camp at 4,100 metres.
Trek to Hunwick's Camp via Bamwanjarra Pass. As you leave Bugata Camp you pass up a ridge then drop down slightly before ascending to Bamwanjarra Pass at 4,450 meters where we have a hut should the weather turn bad. From the pass on a clear day you get excellent views of the three main peaks. The trail passes down the valley and around the edge of some bogs and thick ever green vegetation, moss. giant groundsel and lobelia. Here is possibly the best place in all the Rwenzori to observe the Malachite Sunbird as it feeds on the many lobelia flowers and a known breeding site. Farther on there is some steep sections before a steady climb up and over a ridge to Hunwick's Camp which is situated on the top of a deep valley and has good views of Mt Stanley, Mt Baker, Weismanns Peak and McConnell's Prong.
From Hunwick's we pass down and across the valley floor to Lake Kitendara which is very stunning with deep water and beautiful vegetation. From here you climb up Scott Elliott's pass then up the ridge to Margherita Camp 4,485 metres which is situated between some huge rocks and offering some shelter from the strong winds. This is the very spot where the Duke of Abruzzi camped when making his climb to Margherita Peak in 1906.
Wake up at 2am and catch an early breakfast before heading off to climb Mt Stanley at 2.30am. This is necessary as the weather has changed a lot and often even during the dryer season the mountain is closed in with heavy clouds and snow falls from 1 pm to 4pm and this happens within a short period of 10 to 15 minutes as the clouds rise up from the extensive Congo rainforests. During January and February 2017 clients were closed in and unable to walk during heavy snow storms which previously were not heard of during the dryer season and arrived back at Margherita camp well after dark with one group arriving back at 11pm totally exhausted. Due to this change in weather we have set a strict turn around time of 10am so if you do not reach the peak before then you must turn around regardless of the disappointment in the interests of safety. Margherita glacier has also suffered with global warming and as the outer edges of the glacier recede the ice is becoming steeper with one section of about 200 meters more than 60% grade. Combined with this much of the blacker has melted underneath causing caves under the ice and as it get thinner eventually caves in. So is necessary that clients understand and take advice of where the guides suggest to pass.
After ascending the peak at 5,109 metres you then pass directly down to Hunwick's Camp at 3.874 metres.
From Hunwick's Camp we start the day by climbing up a ridge towards McConnell's Prong where you get the best views of all three peaks and Scott Elliott's Pass before reaching Oliver's Pass at 4,505 metres. The distance from Hunwick's Camp to the top of Olivers Pass is 3km The trail then cuts across below Weismann's Peak to the confluence of the Nyamwamba River which flows down thought Kilembe and Kasese to Lake George in Queen Elisabeth National Park.
If you wish to climb Weismanns Peak 4,620 metres from Olivers pass you may do so at an extra cost of $20 each. On a clear day you get fantastic views of Margherita and Mt Stanley, Mt Speke and Mt Baker.
After crossing the confluence the trail meanders down the valley to Kiharo Camp at which is situated in a deep valley with high cliffs and dense vegetation. On the way down the valley after each bog you will climb over a ridge of stones and earth which seems out of place but actually was pushed there by slow moving glaciers which eventually stopped moving, melted and left a pile of rocks and debris in front of where the glacier once stood.
Distance Kiharo Camp to the park gate 12.2km and another 2.8km down to Trekkers Hostel Time to walk 5 to 8 hours so those who need to connect to flights back to Kampala or travel on to other activities need to leave Kiharo early.
The trail down the Nyamwamba Valley is mostly downhill and absolutely stunning with beautiful views, moss covered rocks along the river, cascading waterfalls, deep valleys and forests are possibly the best in the Rwenzori Mountains. This part of the trail took us six years to find a way through and a route which is easy enough for tourists to use. In 1937 the explorer and geologist McConnell tried to find a way up this valley but failed and have to turn back and search for another route up the mountain but now you can experience this truly beautiful valley.
A few kilometers from Kiharo Camp the path turns off to the right to pass along the river. In the clear areas you may catch a glimpse of a Duiker quietly feeding in small clearings as you pass along the river. If you wish you may prefer to walk down the river itself hopping across the rocks as you pass down. A few kilometres down the river it becomes very steep with multitudes of waterfalls so we have to move away from the river and follow a narrow ridge to bypass steep sections. At the bottom we again meet the river where there is a huge rock shelter and a place to rest for a while. After crossing a small stream you climb up a gentle slope before turning back down to the river to avoid another set of waterfalls which are impassable. The forest along this section is magnificent and full of life with many birds, primates, dikers and hyrax. A great experience and ending to a fantastic trek.


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ECONOMIA AGRO-ALIMENTARE
Consumer attitudes towards organic food in the Western Balkans - the case of Albania
Titolo Rivista ECONOMIA AGRO-ALIMENTARE
Autori/Curatori Drini Imami, Engjell Skreli, Edvin Zhllima, Catherine Chanb
Anno di pubblicazione 2017 Fascicolo 2017/2 Lingua Inglese
Numero pagine 16 P. 245-260 Dimensione file 195 KB
DOI 10.3280/ECAG2017-002004
Citato da
Despite the organic food sector production and market potential organic farming is weakly developed in Albania. The sector faces several constraints related to legislation, institutional and private sector capacities. A major challenge for the development of the organic food demand for organic food in Albania is the limited awareness of Albanian consumers regarding organic products. This paper provides insights into consumer awareness and preferences concerning organic food, applying descriptive and segmentation analysis based on a structured survey conducted in Tirana, Albania. According to the study results, there is an overall strong preference for organic food, as organic food is perceived to be safer and healthier compared to conventionally produced food, while environmental considerations of how organic food is grown are not as important in consumers' view. Despite this overall preference for organic food, most consumers have limited understanding about organic food which should be addressed with awareness campaigns by the private sector and policy makers.
Keywords:Consumer attitudes, organic food, Albania
Jel codes:D12
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Yiridoe, E.K., Bonti-Ankomah, S. & Martin, R.C. (2005). Comparison of consumer perceptions and preference toward organic versus conventionally produced foods: a review and update of the literature. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, 20(4), 193-205. DOI: 10.1079/RAF2005113
Żakowska-Biemans, S. (2011). Polish consumer food choices and beliefs about organic food. British Food Journal, 113(1), 122-137. DOI: 10.1108/00070701111097385
Zanoli, R. & Naspetti, S. (2002). Consumer motivations in the purchase of organic food: a means-end approach. British Food Journal, 104(8), 643-653. DOI: 10.1108/00070700210425930
Zhao, X., Chambers, E., Matta, Z., Loughin, T.M. & Carey, E.E. (2007). Consumer sensory analysis of organically and conventionally grown vegetables. Journal of Food Science, 72(2), S87-S91.
Zhllima, E., Imami, D. & Canavari, M. (2015). Consumer perceptions of food safety risk: Evidence from a segmentation study in Albania. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 14(6), 1142-1152. DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(14)60997-7
Consumer versus Organic Products in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Opportunities and Barriers to Market Development Magdalena Śmiglak-Krajewska, Julia Wojciechowska-Solis, in Energies /2021 pp.5566
DOI: 10.3390/en14175566
Consumer Preferences for Cheese with Focus on Food Safety—A Segmentation Analysis Edvin Zhllima, Gentjan Mehmeti, Drini Imami, in Sustainability /2021 pp.12524
DOI: 10.3390/su132212524
Differences between Italian specialty milk in large-scale retailing distribution Valentina Maria Merlino, Stefano Massaglia, Simone Blanc, Filippo Brun, Danielle Borra, in Economia agro-alimentare 2/2022 pp.1
DOI: 10.3280/ecag2022oa13173
Consumer Perception of Food Quality and Safety in Western Balkan Countries: Evidence from Albania and Kosovo Rainer Haas, Drini Imami, Iliriana Miftari, Prespa Ymeri, Klaus Grunert, Oliver Meixner, in Foods /2021 pp.160
DOI: 10.3390/foods10010160
Factors Influencing Consumer Attitudes towards Organic Food Products in a Transition Economy—Insights from Kosovo Iliriana Miftari, Rainer Haas, Oliver Meixner, Drini Imami, Ekrem Gjokaj, in Sustainability /2022 pp.5873
DOI: 10.3390/su14105873
Analysis of urban consumer preferences for honey in the context of a transition economy – A case study for Albania Alban Cela, Edvin Zhllima, Drini Imami, Engjell Skreli, Maurizio Canavari, Catherine Chan, in Die Bodenkultur: Journal of Land Management, Food and Environment /2019 pp.237
DOI: 10.2478/boku-2019-0021
Segmentation of organic food buyers: an emergent market perspective Almir Peštek, Emir Agic, Merima Cinjarevic, in British Food Journal /2018 pp.269
DOI: 10.1108/BFJ-04-2017-0215
How Product Attributes and Consumer Characteristics Influence the WTP, Resulting in a Higher Price Premium for Organic Wine Christine Mauracher, Isabella Procidano, Marco Valentini, in Sustainability /2019 pp.1428
Whose salad is organic? An attribute segmentation perspective-evidence from Albania Elena Kokthi, Irina Canco, Eneida Topulli, in Economia agro-alimentare 2/2021 pp.1
DOI: 10.3280/ecag2-2021oa12285
Drini Imami, Engjell Skreli, Edvin Zhllima, Catherine Chanb, Consumer attitudes towards organic food in the Western Balkans - the case of Albania in "ECONOMIA AGRO-ALIMENTARE" 2/2017, pp 245-260, DOI: 10.3280/ECAG2017-002004
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Layer effortlessly in these must-have, new season numbers by Lee Cooper.
So good and versatile, you'll want to live in them.
Clean and simple aesthetics of stripes and blue denim for an easy-going day.
Keep the look easy & modern, pair your tee with a cool pair of slim-fitting denim.
The latest summer trend you'll be wearing all year round.
Take a cue from the 90's and rewind to the classic mix of plaids over graphic tees and high-top shoes.
A denim vest over a cool Indigo tee and shorts makes for an elevated casual look.


text:
U.S. Defense Chief Warns On Iran Military Strike
U.S. Defense Secretary Leon Panetta has said he will raise American concerns about the unintended consequences of any military action against Iran during talks with his Israeli counterpart.
Panetta said a strike on Iran could harm the world economy. He also pointed to a U.S. analysis that a strike on Iran would set back its nuclear program, which Iran says is only for peaceful purposes, by one or two years at most.
Panetta was due to attend a security forum in Halifax, Canada, where he was also expected to hold bilateral talks with Israeli Defense Minister Ehud Barak.
Tension over Iran's nuclear program has increased since an International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) report said that Tehran appeared to have worked on designing a bomb and may still be conducting secret research to that end.
Iran has warned that it will respond to any attacks by hitting Israel and U.S. interests in the Persian Gulf.
Analysts say Tehran could retaliate by closing the Strait of Hormuz, the waterway where about 40 percent of all traded oil passes.
Source: http://www.rferl.org/content/us_defense_secretary_panetta_warns_iran_military_strike/24394684.html


After the enormous success of last year's show in the capital, Brazilian reggae band O Rappa are coming back to London on Saturday for a show at Electric Brixton. The band, who were voted 'Best Brazilian Show of 2015' by the public, will return to play more songs from their latest album Nunca Tem Fim (It Never Ends) and some of their classic hits.
The band is famous for mixing samba with dub, drum & bass with funk, and using their lyrics to raise awareness about racism and protesting against police violence.
At the heart of this new tour is the band's passion for mixing new technologies and programs with their existing repertoire. O Rappa's musical determination and lust for life reverberates in their guitar solos, loops, pitches, rhythms, and in their unforgettable live shows, solos, loops, pitches, and rhythms.
Eectric Brixton, Town Hall Parade, Brixton, London SW2 1RJ, Saturday 13 August 2016, 19:00 – midnight.
Brazilian reggae band O Rappa return to London this Saturday.


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James E. Hansen is a charter member of SCGI and is widely considered to be the leading voice in the field of climate change. After 46 years in government service, Hansen stepped down from his position as director (for 31 years) of NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies in 2013. Jim has also served as an adjunct professor in the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences at Columbia University. He continues his prolific research and writing on the topic of climate change and proposals for dealing with the problem effectively.
After graduate school, Hansen continued his work with radiative transfer models and attempting to understand the Venusian atmosphere. This naturally led to the same computer codes being used to understand the Earth's atmosphere. He used these codes to study the effects that aerosols and trace gases have on the climate. Hansen has also contributed to the further understanding of the Earth's climate through the development and use of global climate models.
Hansen is best known for his research in the field of climatology, his testimony on climate change to congressional committees in 1988 that helped raise broad awareness of global warming, and his advocacy of action to limit the impacts of climate change.
After Trump's Withdrawal from Paris, Nukes Are More Crucial Than Ever
In the wake of President Donald Trump's announcement that he was withdrawing the United States from the international climate agreement, governors from over a dozen states immediately announced they would take climate action on their own.
There is much that governors and state legislators can do, but study after study finds that keeping existing nuclear plants—our largest and most reliable source of clean energy—operating is one of the most important and cost-effective ways to prevent carbon emissions from increasing.
Read the entire article
The Conservative Case for Carbon Dividends
Mounting evidence of climate change is growing too strong to ignore. While the extent to which climate change is due to man-made causes can be questioned, the risks associated with future warming are too big and should be hedged. At least we need an insurance policy. For too long, many Republicans have looked the other way, forfeiting command-and-control regulations, and fostering a needless climate divide between the GOP and the scientific, business, military, religious, civic and international mainstream.
Now that the Republican Party controls the White House and Congress, it has the opportunity and responsibility to promote a climate plan that showcases the full power of enduring conservative convictions. Any climate solution should be based on sound economic analysis and embody the principles of free markets and limited government. As this paper argues, such a plan could strengthen our economy, benefit working-class Americans, reduce regulations, protect our natural heritage and consolidate a new era of Republican leadership. These benefits accrue regardless of one's views on climate science.
We Hold These Truths to be Self Evident
by James Hansen, 02 December 2016
http://www.columbia.edu/~jeh1/mailings/2016/20161202_SelfEvidentComm.pdf
Sophie, my oldest grandchild, and I made a video concerning the crucial issue of how the climate matter can be solved in democracies. See video.
Stopping human-made climate change is inherently difficult, because of the nature of the climate system: it is massive, so it responds only slowly to forcings; and, unfortunately, the feedbacks in the climate system are predominately amplifying on time scales of decades-centuries. The upshot is that there is already much more climate change "in the pipeline" without any further increase of atmospheric greenhouse gases (GHGs). That does not mean the problem is unsolvable, but it does mean that we will need to decrease the amount of GHGs in the relatively near future.
Removing CO2 From the Air Only Hope for Fixing Climate Change, New Study Says
Without 'negative emissions' to help return atmospheric CO2 to 350 ppm, future generations could face costs that 'may become too heavy to bear,' says James Hansen, lead author of a new study urgently calling for removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Read the latest important paper from SCGI charter member James Hansen.
World-Renowned Climate Scientist Makes Dire Warning About Sea Level Rise, Storms
If global temperatures on our planet continue to go up, ferocious super-storms could become more frequent and sea levels could rise several meters over the next century, drowning coastal cities along the way.
That's the ominous warning put forth in a new, peer-reviewed paper penned by former top NASA scientist Dr. James Hansen and 18 co-authors, which was published in the journal Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics on Tuesday.
The paper builds from controversial research released last year before the study was peer reviewed, a process that gives other scientists an opportunity to critique the work.
Read the article and watch the video
Nuclear for Climate - #Nuclear4Climate
In this interview (James Hansen, former Head of the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies and currently professor at Columbia University) talks about the role of nuclear in climate change mitigation.
I'm James Hansen. I'm from Columbia University's Earth Institute where I had programmes on climate science awareness and solutions. First we have to educate the public because there's a lot of misunderstanding about nuclear power.
There are problems with every energy source including nuclear power, but if you look at fossil fuels, 10,000 of people a day are dying from pollution from fossil fuels. Nuclear power has been much safer than that over its lifetime, but we can make it much better with new technologies, much better nuclear power. So it really has the potential of being a substantial part of the solution to climate change.
Global Temperature in 2014 and 2015
James Hansena, Makiko Satoa,b, Reto Ruedyc, Gavin A. Schmidtb, Ken Loc
Abstract. Global surface temperature in 2014 was +0.68°C (~1.2°F) warmer than the 1951-1980 base period in the GISTEMP analysis, making 2014 the warmest year in the period of instrumental data, but the difference from the prior warmest year (2010), less than 0.02°C, is within uncertainty of measurement. The eastern two-thirds of the contiguous United States was persistently cool in 2014, cooler than the 1951-1980 average in all seasons. Record warmth at a time of only marginal El Niño conditions confirms that there is no "hiatus" of global warming, only a moderate slowdown since 2000. Global temperature in 2015 may further alter perceptions. We discuss the prospects for the 2015 global temperature in view of the seeming waning of the current weak El Niño.
The Government's Duty to Protect the Public Interest
James Hansen, 04 October 2014
In The Wheels of Justice I argued that a multi-front strategy is essential in the fight to stabilize climate and preserve our planet for young people and future generations. One front is provided by our legal system.
Menendez Questions Hansen
Questions for the Record
Submitted by Senator Robert Menendez to
Senate Foreign Relations Committee Hearing
Keystone XL and the National Interest Determination
Menendez question #1: Given that a new nuclear power plant would probably cost more than $12 billion, it seems few companies are willing to take the risk to build new plants here. This reluctance occurs despite the fact that new nuclear plants receive a production tax credit, and that the federal government has agreed to foot some of the bill in the case of a catastrophic accident. What makes you so bullish on nuclear power when other technologies, with less carbon emissions, are attracting much more investment in the United States than nuclear power?
The Price of Change
by James Hansen, November 3, 2010
Chinese leadership can save humanity in the fight against global warming. But fossil-fuel companies must be forced to pay for their carbon emissions writes James Hansen.
The climate crystal ball is clear-the physics undeniable. Burning all fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas) would have staggering consequences, even threatening humanity's survival.
Keen on next-generation nuclear power
RENEWABLE energy won't save the planet so it's time to go nuclear, according to one of world's most high-profile climate scientists.
"We should undertake urgent focused research and development programs in next generation nuclear power," said atmospheric physicist James Hansen, head of NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies and adjunct professor at Columbia University's Earth Institute in New York.
While renewable energies such as solar and wind were gaining in economic competition with coal-fired plants, Professor Hansen said they wouldn't be able to provide baseload power for years to come.
The People vs. Cap-and-Tax
An essay delivered to the chairperson of the Carbon Trading Summit in New York on 12 January 2010.
Nuclear options: Nuclear power may be a 'green' solution worth using
Houston Chronicle 1/5/2010
NASA climatologist James Hansen's research into global warming has brought him fame — and put him in the big fat middle of controversy on more than one occasion.
The intellectual journey that first led Hansen to warn against the imminent perils to our planet of continuing to burn fossil fuels, particularly coal, began in the 1980s. Over the years it has also led him to another, somewhat surprising conclusion: Nuclear power could offer an environmentally acceptable way out of the problems caused by heavy reliance on coal.
Specifically, Hansen says, the Generation IV nuclear power plants now under development offer an alternative to burning coal that ought to be pursued, in this country and globally.
How warm will it get?
The Science of Temperature
by James Hansen
My experience with global temperature data over 30 years provides insight about how the science and its public perception have changed. In the late 1970s I became curious about well known analyzes of global temperature change published by climatologist J. Murray Mitchell: why were his estimates for large-scale temperature change restricted to northern latitudes? As a planetary scientist, it seemed to me there were enough data points in the Southern Hemisphere to allow useful estimates both for that hemisphere and for the global average. So I requested a tape of meteorological station data from Roy Jenne of the National Center for Atmospheric Research, who obtained the data from records of the World Meteorological Organization, and I made my own analysis.
Fast forward to December 2009, when I gave a talk at the Progressive Forum in Houston Texas. The organizers there felt it necessary that I have a police escort between my hotel and the forum where I spoke. Days earlier bloggers reported that I was probably the hacker who broke into East Anglia computers and stole e-mails. Their rationale: I was not implicated in any of the pirated e-mails, so I must have eliminated incriminating messages before releasing the hacked emails. The next day another popular blog concluded that I deserved capital punishment. Web chatter on this topic, including indignation that I was coming to Texas, led to a police escort.
How did we devolve to this state? Any useful lessons? Is there still interesting science in analyses of surface temperature change? Why spend time on it, if other groups are also doing it?
First I describe the current monthly updates of global surface temperature at the Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Then I show graphs illustrating scientific inferences and issues. Finally I respond to questions in the above paragraph.
Each month we receive, electronically, data from three sources: weather data for several thousand meteorological stations, satellite observations of sea surface temperature, and Antarctic research station measurements. These three data sets are the input for a program that produces a global map of temperature anomalies relative to the mean for that month during the period of climatology, 1951-1980.
The analysis method has been described fully in a series of refereed papers (Hansen et al., 1981, 1987, 1999, 2001, 2006). Successive papers updated the data and in some cases made minor improvements to the analysis, for example, in adjustments to minimize urban effects. The analysis method works in terms of temperature anomalies, rather than absolute temperature, because anomalies present a smoother geographical field than temperature itself. For example, when New York City has an unusually cold winter, it is likely that Philadelphia is also colder than normal. The distance over which temperature anomalies are highly correlated is of the order of 1000 kilometers at middle and high latitudes, as we illustrated in our 1987 paper.
Although the three input data streams that we use are publicly available from the organizations that produce them, we began preserving the complete input data sets each month in April 2008. These data sets, which cover the full period of our analysis, 1880-present, are available to parties interested in performing their own analysis or checking our analysis. The computer program that performs our analysis is published on the GISS web site.
Responsibilities for our updates are as follows. Ken Lo runs programs to add in the new data and reruns the analysis with the expanded data. Reto Ruedy maintains the computer program that does the analysis and handles most technical inquiries about the analysis. Makiko Sato updates graphs and posts them on the web. I examine the temperature data monthly and write occasional discussions about global temperature change.
Scientific Inferences and Issues
Temperature data – example of early inferences. Figure 1 shows the current GISS analysis of global annual-mean and 5-year running-mean temperature change (left) and the hemispheric temperature changes (right). These graphs are based on the data now available, including ship and satellite data for ocean regions.
Figure 1 illustrates, with a longer record, a principal conclusion of our first analysis of temperature change (Hansen et al., 1981). That analysis, based on data records through December 1978, concluded that data coverage was sufficient to estimate global temperature change. We also concluded that temperature change was qualitatively different in the two hemispheres. The Southern Hemisphere had more steady warming through the century while the Northern Hemisphere had distinct cooling between 1940 and 1975.
It required more than a year to publish the 1981 paper, which was submitted several times to Science and Nature. At issue were both the global significance of the data and the length of the paper. Later, in our 1987 paper, we proved quantitatively that the station coverage was sufficient for our conclusions – the proof being obtained by sampling (at the station locations) a 100-year data set of a global climate model that had realistic spatial-temporal variability.
The different hemispheric records in the mid-twentieth century have never been convincingly explained. The most likely explanation is atmospheric aerosols, fine particles in the air, produced by fossil fuel burning. Aerosol atmospheric lifetime is only several days, so fossil fuel aerosols were confined mainly to the Northern Hemisphere, where most fossil fuels were burned. Aerosols have a cooling effect that still today is estimated to counteract about half of the warming effect of human-made greenhouse gases. For the few decades after World War II, until the oil embargo in the 1970s, fossil fuel use expanded exponentially at more than 4%/year, likely causing the growth of aerosol climate forcing to exceed that of greenhouse gases in the Northern Hemisphere. However, there are no aerosol measurements to confirm that interpretation. If there were adequate understanding of the relation between fossil fuel burning and aerosol properties it would be possible to infer the aerosol properties in the past century. But such understanding requires global measurements of aerosols with sufficient detail to define their properties and their effect on clouds, a task that remains elusive, as described in chapter 4 of Hansen (2009).
Flaws in temperature analysis. Figure 2 illustrates an error that developed in the GISS analysis when we introduced, in our 2001 paper, an improvement in the United States temperature record. The change consisted of using the newest USHCN (United States Historical Climatology Network) analysis for those U.S. stations that are part of the USHCN network. This improvement, developed by NOAA researchers, adjusted station records that included station moves or other discontinuities. Unfortunately, I made an error by failing to recognize that the station records we obtained electronically from NOAA each month, for these same stations, did not contain the adjustments. Thus there was a discontinuity in 2000 in the records of those stations, as the prior years contained the adjustment while later years did not.
The error was readily corrected, once it was recognized. Figure 2 shows the global and U.S. temperatures with and without the error. The error averaged 0.15°C over the contiguous 48 states, but these states cover only 1½ percent of the globe, making the global error negligible.
However, the story was embellished and distributed to news outlets throughout the country. Resulting headline: NASA had cooked the temperature books – and once the error was corrected 1998 was no longer the warmest year in the record, instead being supplanted by 1934.
This was nonsense, of course. The small error in global temperature had no effect on the ranking of different years. The warmest year in our global temperature analysis was still 2005. Conceivably confusion between global and U.S. temperatures in these stories was inadvertent. But the estimate for the warmest year in the U.S. had not changed either. 1934 and 1998 were tied as the warmest year (Figure 2b) with any difference (~0.01°C) at least an order of magnitude smaller than the uncertainty in comparing temperatures in the 1930s with those in the 1990s.
The obvious misinformation in these stories, and the absence of any effort to correct the stories after we pointed out the misinformation, suggests that the aim may have been to create distrust or confusion in the minds of the public, rather than to transmit accurate information.
We thought we had learned the necessary lessons from this experience. We put our analysis program on the web. Everybody was free to check the program, if they were concerned that any data "cooking" may be occurring.
Unfortunately, another data problem occurred in 2008. In one of the three incoming data streams, the one for meteorological stations, the November 2008 data for many Russian stations was a repeat of October 2008 data. It was not our data record, but we properly had to accept the blame for the error, because the data was included in our analysis. Occasional flaws in input data are normal in any analysis, and the flaws are eventually noticed and corrected if they are substantial. Indeed, we have an effective working relationship with NOAA – when we spot data that appears questionable we inform the appropriate people at the National Climate Data Center – a relationship that has been scientifically productive.
This specific data flaw was a case in point. The quality control program that NOAA runs on the data from global meteorological stations includes a check for repetition of data: if two consecutive months have identical data the data is compared with that at the nearest stations. If it appears that the repetition is likely to be an error, the data is eliminated until the original data source has verified the data. The problem in 2008 escaped this quality check because a change in their program had temporarily, inadvertently, omitted that quality check.
The lesson learned here was that even a transient data error, however quickly corrected provides fodder for people who are interested in a public relations campaign, rather than science. That means we cannot put the new data each month on our web site and check it at our leisure, because, however briefly a flaw is displayed, it will be used to disinform the public. Indeed, in this specific case there was another round of "fraud" accusations on talk shows and other media all around the nation.
Another lesson learned. Subsequently, to minimize the chance of a bad data point slipping through in one of the data streams and temporarily affecting a publicly available data product, we now put the analyzed data up first on a site that is not visible to the public. This allows Reto, Makiko, Ken and me to examine maps and graphs of the data before the analysis is put on our web site – if anything seems questionable, we report it back to the data providers for them to resolve. Such checking is always done before publishing a paper, but now it seems to be necessary even for routine transitory data updates. This process can delay availability of our data analysis to users for up to several days, but that is a price that must be paid to minimize disinformation.
Is it possible to totally eliminate data flaws and disinformation? Of course not. The fact that the absence of incriminating statements in pirated e-mails is taken as evidence of wrongdoing provides a measure of what would be required to quell all criticism. I believe that the steps that we now take to assure data integrity are as much as is reasonable from the standpoint of the use of our time and resources.
Temperature data – examples of continuing interest. Figure 3(a) is a graph that we use to help provide insight into recent climate fluctuations. It shows monthly global temperature anomalies and monthly sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies. The red-blue Nino3.4 index at the bottom is a measure of the Southern Oscillation, with red and blue showing the warm (El Nino) and cool (La Nina) phases of sea surface temperature oscillations for a small region in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean.
Strong correlation of global SST with the Nino index is obvious. Global land-ocean temperature is noisier than the SST, but correlation with the Nino index is also apparent for global temperature. On average, global temperature lags the Nino index by about 3 months.
During 2008 and 2009 I received many messages, sometimes several per day informing me that the Earth is headed into its next ice age. Some messages include graphs extrapolating cooling trends into the future. Some messages use foul language and demand my resignation. Of the messages that include any science, almost invariably the claim is made that the sun controls Earth's climate, the sun is entering a long period of diminishing energy output, and the sun is the cause of the cooling trend.
Indeed, it is likely that the sun is an important factor in climate variability. Figure 4 shows data on solar irradiance for the period of satellite measurements. We are presently in the deepest most prolonged solar minimum in the period of satellite data. It is uncertain whether the solar irradiance will rebound soon into a more-or-less normal solar cycle – or whether it might remain at a low level for decades, analogous to the Maunder Minimum, a period of few sunspots that may have been a principal cause of the Little Ice Age.
The direct climate forcing due to measured solar variability, about 0.2 W/m2, is comparable to the increase in carbon dioxide forcing that occurs in about seven years, using recent CO2 growth rates. Although there is a possibility that the solar forcing could be amplified by indirect effects, such as changes of atmospheric ozone, present understanding suggests only a small amplification, as discussed elsewhere (Hansen 2009). The global temperature record (Figure 1) has positive correlation with solar irradiance, with the amplitude of temperature variation being approximately consistent with the direct solar forcing. This topic will become clearer as the records become longer, but for that purpose it is important that the temperature record be as precise as possible.
Frequently heard fallacies are that "global warming stopped in 1998" or "the world has been getting cooler over the past decade". These statements appear to be wishful thinking – it would be nice if true, but that is not what the data show. True, the 1998 global temperature jumped far above the previous warmest year in the instrumental record, largely because 1998 was affected by the strongest El Nino of the century. Thus for the following several years the global temperature was lower than in 1998, as expected.
However, the 5-year and 11-year running mean global temperatures (Figure 3b) have continued to increase at nearly the same rate as in the past three decades. There is a slight downward tick at the end of the record, but even that may disappear if 2010 is a warm year. Indeed, given the continued growth of greenhouse gases and the underlying global warming trend (Figure 3b) there is a high likelihood, I would say greater than 50 percent, that 2010 will be the warmest year in the period of instrumental data. This prediction depends in part upon the continuation of the present moderate El Nino for at least several months, but that is likely.
Furthermore, the assertion that 1998 was the warmest year is based on the East Anglia – British Met Office temperature analysis. As shown in Figure 1, the GISS analysis has 2005 as the warmest year. As discussed by Hansen et al. (2006) the main difference between these analyses is probably due to the fact that British analysis excludes large areas in the Arctic and Antarctic where observations are sparse. The GISS analysis, which extrapolates temperature anomalies as far as 1200 km, has more complete coverage of the polar areas. The extrapolation introduces uncertainty, but there is independent information, including satellite infrared measurements and reduced Arctic sea ice cover, which supports the existence of substantial positive temperature anomalies in those regions.
In any case, issues such as these differences between our analyses provide a reason for having more than one global analysis. When the complete data sets are compared for the different analyses it should be possible to isolate the exact locations of differences and likely gain further insights.
The nature of messages that I receive from the public, and the fact that NASA Headquarters received more than 2500 inquiries in the past week about our possible "manipulation" of global temperature data, suggest that the concerns are more political than scientific. Perhaps the messages are intended as intimidation, expected to have a chilling effect on researchers in climate change.
The recent "success" of climate contrarians in using the pirated East Anglia e-mails to cast doubt on the reality of global warming* seems to have energized other deniers. I am now inundated with broad FOIA (Freedom of Information Act) requests for my correspondence, with substantial impact on my time and on others in my office. I believe these to be fishing expeditions, aimed at finding some statement(s), likely to be taken out of context, which they would attempt to use to discredit climate science.
There are lessons from our experience about care that must be taken with data before it is made publicly available. But there is too much interesting science to be done to allow intimidation tactics to reduce our scientific drive and output. We can take a lesson from my 5- year-old grandson who boldly says "I don't quit, because I have never-give-up fighting spirit!" http://www.columbia.edu/~jeh1/mailings/2009/20091130_FightingSpirit.pdf
There are other researchers who work more extensively on global temperature analyses than we do – our main work concerns global satellite observations and global modeling – but there are differences in perspectives, which, I suggest, make it useful to have more than one analysis. Besides, it is useful to combine experience working with observed temperature together with our work on satellite data and climate models. This combination of interests is likely to help provide some insights into what is happening with global climate and information on the data that are needed to understand what is happening. So we will be keeping at it.
*By "success" I refer to their successful character assassination and swift-boating. My interpretation of the e-mails is that some scientists probably became exasperated and frustrated by contrarians – which may have contributed to some questionable judgment. The way science works, we must make readily available the input data that we use, so that others can verify our analyses. Also, in my opinion, it is a mistake to be too concerned about contrarian publications – some bad papers will slip through the peer-review process, but overall assessments by the National Academies, the IPCC, and scientific organizations sort the wheat from the chaff.
The important point is that nothing was found in the East Anglia e-mails altering the reality and magnitude of global warming in the instrumental record. The input data for global temperature analyses are widely available, on our web site and elsewhere. If those input data could be made to yield a significantly different global temperature change, contrarians would certainly have done that – but they have not.
Frölich, C. 2006: Solar irradiance variability since 1978. Space Science Rev., 248, 672-673.
Hansen, J., D. Johnson, A. Lacis, S. Lebedeff, P. Lee, D. Rind, and G. Russell, 1981: Climate impact of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide. Science, 213, 957-966.
Hansen, J.E., and S. Lebedeff, 1987: Global trends of measured surface air temperature. J. Geophys. Res., 92, 13345-13372.
Hansen, J., R. Ruedy, J. Glascoe, and Mki. Sato, 1999: GISS analysis of surface temperature change. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 30997-31022.
Hansen, J.E., R. Ruedy, Mki. Sato, M. Imhoff, W. Lawrence, D. Easterling, T. Peterson, and T. Karl, 2001: A closer look at United States and global surface temperature change. J. Geophys. Res., 106, 23947-23963.
Hansen, J., Mki. Sato, R. Ruedy, K. Lo, D.W. Lea, and M. Medina-Elizade, 2006: Global temperature change. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 103, 14288-14293.
Hansen, J. 2009: "Storms of My Grandchildren." Bloomsbury USA, New York. (304 pp.)
Storms of our Grandchildren an urgent and provocative call to action from the world's leading climatologist. Dr. Hansen's background in both space and earth sciences allows a broad perspective on the status and prospects of our home planet.
Get the book.
An Answer to: Is There Any Real Hope of Cutting Global Carbon Emissions?
Published in The Observer on 29 November, 2009
Never-Give-Up Fighting Spirit: Lessons From a Grandchild
Such negative questions and attitudes are increasing. How refreshing, on cold, windy Thanksgiving Plus One Day, which we spend with our children and grandchildren, when I went outside to shoot baskets with 5-year-old Connor. Connor is very bright, but needs work on his hand-to-eye coordination. I set the basket at a convenient height for him, but his first several shots banged off the backboard off-target. Then he said, very brightly and bravely, "I don't quit, because I have never-give-up fighting spirit." It seems his karate lessons are paying off.
Some adults need Connor's help. A Scientific American article by Michael Lemonick, "Beyond the Tipping Point", described our 2008 paper "Target Atmospheric CO2: Where Should Humanity Aim?" Lemonick concluded with the almost-obligatory "fair and balanced" opinion, delivered by Steve Schneider. In response to our conclusion that we must get atmospheric CO2 to peak during the next few decades, and then decline back to 350 ppm or less, Schneider opines "It has no chance in hell. None. Zero. The best we can do is to overshoot, reach 450 or 550 parts per million, then come back as quickly as possible on the back end."
2nd, 3rd and 4th Generation Reactors
The scientific method requires that we keep an open mind and change our conclusions when new evidence indicates that we should. Climate change is the new evidence affecting the nuclear debate -- we need low-carbon energy. Current (2nd generation) nuclear reactors are not as fail-safe as possible and they burn less than one percent of the energy in uranium ore. Next (3rd) generation reactors are safer, shutting down automatically in case of anomalies, and are ready to go, but they still leave 99 percent of the energy in long-lived waste piles. 4th generation reactors, tested but not commercially available, can extract all of the energy in the nuclear fuel and burn nuclear waste. We urgently need R&D to make the combination of 3rd and 4th generation reactors available with comprehensive international controls.
Letter to Obama
"It would be great if energy efficiency, renewable energies, and an improved ("smart") electric grid could satisfy all energy needs. However, the future of our children should not rest on that gamble. The danger is that the minority of vehement antinuclear "environmentalists" could cause development of advanced safe nuclear power to be slowed such that utilities are forced to continue coal-burning in order to keep the lights on. That is a prescription for disaster.
"There is no need for a decision to deploy nuclear power on a large scale. What is needed is rapid development of the potential, including prototypes, so that options are available. We have to avoid a "FutureGen" sort of drag-out. It seems to me that it is time to get fed-up with those people who think they can impose their will on everybody, and all the consequences that might imply for the planet, by putting this R&D on a slow boat to nowhere instead of on the fast-track that it deserves."


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Home > Health > Drug against alcoholism works, researchers claim
Drug against alcoholism works, researchers claim
French researchers provided fresh evidence to support claims that a drug touted as a miracle cure for alcoholism, and prescribed for this purpose in France, actually works.
The drug, baclofene, had "a positive effect" at high doses in reducing alcohol consumption over a year of treatment, according to study results released at a conference in Paris.
Developers reported on a drug trial named Bacloville, conducted among 320 heavy drinkers aged 18 to 65 between May 2012 and June 2013.
The trial compared the safety and efficacy of the drug given to some participants at high doses, to a "dummy" placebo pill given to others.
Neither the trial participants nor their monitors knew who was getting which pill. The patients were not asked to refrain from alcohol.
Fifty-seven percent of those who got the real drug stopped drinking or drank less, compared to 37 percent of those who got the dummy drug.
A second study, dubbed Alpadir, also reported Friday that people who received the medicine made bigger cuts in drinking compared to those given a placebo.
French health authorities gave provisional approval for use of baclofen, originally designed and widely used to treat muscle spasms, in 2014 for the treatment of alcoholism.
Many people in other countries are thought to use the drug without a prescription to fight alcoholism.
Interest was sparked in 2008 by a book, "Le Dernier Verre" (The Last Drink), by French-American cardiologist Olivier Ameisen, who claimed to have self-treated his alcoholism with high doses of baclofene.
A subsequent French trial found high doses of the drug caused a significant percentage of heavy drinkers to give up or moderate their intake.
Several trials since then have come up with contradictory findings.
Last year, Dutch researchers in a different study found the drug may work no better than counselling.
Without proof of its efficacy, prescribing high doses of the drug known as baclofen may be irresponsible, they warned at the time.
Ethypharm, the laboratory developing the drug, said Friday it would submit an application by month-end for the commercialisation of baclofen for the treatment of alcoholism in France.
According to the UN's World Health Organization (WHO), 3.3 million deaths around the globe every year are the result of harmful alcohol use — almost six percent of all deaths.
-Timeslive
Tagged baclofen
Comedians from around the globe headed to Mzansi for international festival
Lamborghini breaks another record


Are Sprint Cup and/or Nationwide races on the horizon for Eldora?
The NASCAR Camping World Truck Series returned once again to the legendary dirt track Eldora Speedway this Wednesday for the Mudsummer Classic and once again, it was a big success. The racing was excellent, there was a strong crowd and the ratings were very good as Darrell "Bubba" Wallace, Jr. was able to hold off Kyle Larson in a wild finish for the victory.
So what is next for Eldora? Track owner Tony Stewart is interested in bringing Cup and Nationwide action to the track. Could that happen in the future?
Cup races at Eldora do seem like a stretch, even as the upcoming TV contract has led NASCAR to ponder some changes to the schedule. The crowds have been strong for the truck race but Eldora only seats about 18,000, making it far and away the smallest capacity for a Cup race (next smallest: Watkins Glen at 41,000). It also is more or less in the middle of nowhere in rural western Ohio, situated about halfway between Indianapolis and Columbus. Factor that in with the fact that the purses for Mudsummer Classic are the lowest in the Truck Series and it seems like while it would be a wild race, it may not be all that practical of a decision right now, although an exhibition race could work.
A Nationwide race, on the other hand, would make total sense. In fact, pairing a Nationwide and a Truck race at Eldora could help make it a bigger event that could carry a weekend, perhaps one in which the Cup series is on an off weekend. Or they could each be standalone races at different points in the year, and potentially both in the middle of the week, a scheduling decision that has been very successful for the Mudsummer Classic as well as the truck race at Bristol.
It is clear that stock car racing on dirt has been very successful that far, but NASCAR cannot overdo it. For example, they can look to the NHL as an example with their outdoor games. The Winter Classic has been hugely successful and it has thus expanded it to a handful of games, their "Stadium Series." The expanded slate was a big success and has led the league to continue it. It appears that the league has successfully managed to expand the slate without inundating the market. Supply appears to be meeting the demand and NASCAR should consider dirt track racing to be similar.


Are you seeking to begin a social networks marketing endeavor? Not so quick! There's a great deal of things you need to remember to make certain that your plan is a success. Keep reading for some tips as well as techniques for obtaining one of the most from social networks advertising and marketing.
Learn how to use YouTube. You could post video clips related to your company on this site. This permits you to create a greater customization with your clients as they hear your voice and also see your face. If you have a Twitter account, you can send out links to your new material, increasing your YouTube traffic.
Usage Youtube video clips to assist attract potential consumers to your website. Visitors will certainly see your video clips and also have a much better concept about what your business is all about. The more you market your site the more prospective visitors will certainly come to it, and the much more potential your videos will acquire interest.
To develop social media advertising products that obtain observed, find out the best ways to compose focus getting headings. It does not matter how great your products or items are unless the heading is good enough to draw in a viewers. Facebook followers are skimming over numerous posts within their feed. How do your own stand out deserving of a more detailed look?
Keeping an eye on remarks, evaluations, and also blogs associated with your business is an important part of social media advertising and marketing. There are numerous devices that you can take advantage of to alert you when new content concerning your company is published. Tracking exactly what others, especially past consumers, are saying regarding you is a wonderful means to recognize areas where your company might use enhancement. It is additionally a great way to see which parts of your business have actually been effective.
Always remember that your audience remains in your PinDrill Review media advertising projects and what matters the most to them. You should post material that is applicable to them and also concentrate your initiatives in manner ins which maintain their interest. Your articles must matter as well as of top quality that your fans and fans do not just miss them over since they are not interested.
If you are going to make use of a microblogging company, attempt obtaining as numerous followers as possible. Communicating with individuals and replying to discuss a microblogging solution is a lot more challenging when compared with making use of social networking sites, mostly due to the number of updates that microblogging customers enter their feeds. Article updates consistently as well as constantly seek new followers.
When posting YouTube video clips, add connect to your website in their summaries, as well as make certain Twitter and Facebook buttons are near your video clips, along with your stations. If you can obtain people that see your video clip to discuss it on social media, your viewers will certainly swell.
Make use of the questions and also respond to attribute of LinkedIn. LinkedIn's Q&A functions like a huge conversation online forum: seek out questions pertaining to your items or market and compose valuable solution to them. You might additionally post a connect to one of your short articles if you do not have time to compose something.
Figure out that is discussing your products or your brand name on social networks thanks to devices like Social Mention. This program explore updates to show you just what people have to claim about your brand. You must observe more passion on one site compared to another in addition to obtain genuine opinions about your items.
As you could see, social media advertising can be a fantastic PinDrill Review making more cash and also reel in new clients for your business. Keep the guidance you've reviewed below, in mind, in order to help you increase your social networks advertising and marketing endeavors and also come out with an effective company plan.


We would love for you to be our guests here at Seahaven Beach Resorts. We sit in the heart of Panama City Beach, centrally located within range of various attractions, nightlife, shopping and dining. It is our goal to provide you with personalized, southern service while making sure our accommodations remain at the highest standard.


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India Captain Virat Kohli Becomes World Number One Test Batsman
Virat Kohli has become the number one Test batsman in the world following his century in India's 31-run defeat by England at Edgbaston.
Aug. 6, 2018, 9:12 a.m.
The India captain, who has moved to the top of the International Cricket Council rankings, scored 149 not out in the first innings and 51 in the second.
Kohli, 29, has ended former Australia skipper Steve Smith's 32-month reign as the top Test batsman.
Smith is currently serving a 12-month international ban for ball-tampering.
Kohli, who has scored 22 tons in 67 matches, said his first century in England "does not matter" after defeat on Saturday.
He is the first Indian to top the rankings since Sachin Tendulkar in June 2011.
Meanwhile, England seamer James Anderson has retained his place at the top of the Test bowling rankings with four wickets in Birmingham.
ICC Test batting rankings
Virat Kohli (India) 934 points
Steve Smith (Australia) 929
Joe Root (England) 865
Kane Williamson (New Zealand) 847
David Warner (Australia) 820
Cheteshwar Pujara (India) 791
Dimuth Karunaratne (Sri Lanka) 754
Dinesh Chandimal (Sri Lanka) 733
Dean Elgar (South Africa) 724
Aiden Markram (South Africa) 703
Photo and News Courtesy: BBC News
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July 11, 2021 @ 8:00 am - July 13, 2021 @ 5:00 pm CDT
« Millers at Milwaukee Indy Fest
Chevy Show Swap Meet »
Annual NHRA New England Nationals. The legion of fans in the New England states finally had an event to call their own when the NHRA Mello Yello Drag Racing Series made its inaugural visit to Epping. The long and storied drag racing history in New England prompted the construction of this track in 1966, and recent enhancements, including an all-concrete racing surface, set the stage for the largest event in its history in 2014.
July 11, 2021 @ 8:00 am CDT
https://www.nhra.com/schedule/2021/nhra-camping-world-drag-racing-series/tascapartscom-nhra-new-england-nationals
280 Exeter Rd
Epping, NH 03042 United States + Google Map


Ocean Canada (oceancanada.org) is a cross-country research partnership dedicated to building resilient and sustainable oceans on all Canadian coasts and to supporting coastal communities as they respond to rapid and uncertain environmental changes. A postdoctoral fellow is available to work under the supervision of Dr. Tony Charles at Saint Mary's University, in Halifax, within the framework of Ocean Canada's Atlantic Working Group, which is emphasizing the interaction of coastal communities and their local marine environments.
The deadline for applications is June 30th, 2016.
A postdoctoral fellow is available to work under the supervision of Dr. Tony Charles at Saint Mary's University, in Halifax, within the framework of the Community Conservation Research Network (CCRN:www.CommunityConservation.Net). The CCRN is an international initiative to understand and support the links between communities, conservation and livelihoods, and to seek out best governance practices to support the combination of community-based conservation and sustainable livelihoods. The network is a partnership of indigenous, community, university, governmental and nongovernmental organizations, with a base at Saint Mary's University in Halifax, Canada.


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6/10/2019 Afrah A. Ali, MBBS , Muhammad Sameed, MBBS
The most common cause of torsades de pointes is acquired prolongation in the QT interval because of medication. Treating it may require pharmacologic pacing or, in some circumstances, mechanical pacing.
A 59-year-old female presents to the ED complaining of dizziness and unsteady gait that started a day ago. She was found lethargic and confused by her family. Further information was unavailable because of the patient's altered mental status. Past medical history includes diabetes and hypertension; medications are insulin, amlodipine, and gabapentin. Vital signs are HR 48 bpm, blood pressure 224/100 mmHg, respiratory rate 18, temperature 36.8 C, and oxygen saturation 98% on room air.
On physical examination, patient is lethargic and disoriented. There is loss of nasolabial fold on the right side with decreased motor strength 4/5 in the right upper and lower extremity. Patient also has slurred speech.
Initial EKG showed sinus bradycardia with heart rate 48 bpm, Qtc 498 ms, no acute STE, STD, TWI noted. (Figure 1).
Figure 1. Initial EKG
One dose of 20 mg of labetalol via IV was given, for suspected hypertensive crisis with intracranial pathology (ischemic vs. hemorrhagic stroke). Workup included CBC, CMP, EKG, chest XR, CT and CTA head and neck, coagulation panel, ammonia, thyroid profile, urine drug screen, urinalysis, and alcohol level. While in the ED, patient experienced an episode of torsades de pointes, with loss of consciousness, that lasted for 20-30 seconds (Figure 2).
Figure 2. Torsades de pointes
Repeat EKG showed heart rate 65 bpm, with prolonged QTC of 628 ms with ventricular bigeminy (Figure 3).
Figure 3. Repeat EKG
Metabolic panel revealed electrolyte abnormalities: hypokalemia with a potassium of 2.6 mmol/L, hypomagnesemia with magnesium of 1.4 mg/dL, and hyperglycemia with glucose of 486 mg/dL. Urine drug screen was positive for methadone, and urinalysis was positive for leukocyte esterase with white blood cells > 50/hpf.
Patient was given 40 mq potassium and 2 g magnesium bolus IV. She had another short episode of Tdp with loss of consciousness. Another 4 g of magnesium was given.
Isoproterenol was unavailable, so transcutaneous overdrive pacing was attempted. Mechanical and electrical capture was obtained with heart rate 110 bpm at 80 mA. CTA head and neck showed complete occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery at the M1 branch with an Acute to subacute infarct in the left frontal, caudate, and basal ganglia (Figure 4).
Figure 4. Imaging of the head and neck
Findings were consistent with MCA distribution infarct. The patient was transferred to a tertiary hospital for further treatment and admission to cardiac intensive unit.
Torsades de pointes is a type of polymorphic ventricular tachyarrhythmia in which the QRS complexes appear to twist around the isoelectric line. It is universally associated with congenital or acquired long QTc syndrome (LQTS).1 Congenital LQTS has been found to be associated with 1 of 6 identified mutations in genes coding for cardiac ion channels (LQT 1–6).2
The most common cause of torsades de pointes is acquired prolongation in the QT interval because of medication. Acquired QT prolongation has been the single most common cause of withdrawal or restriction of drugs' use after they have been marketed in the past decade.3
Multiple risk factors are implicated in prolonged QT interval progressing to torsades de pointes:4-7
Hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia
Digitalis therapy
The prolongation of the QT interval to longer than 500 ms during drug therapy should prompt a critical re-evaluation of that therapy and consideration of therapeutic alternatives. Many drugs are known to cause QTc prolongation, including chlorpromazine, metoclopramide, atypical antipsychotics, thioridazine, TCAs, macrolide antibiotics, methadone, lithium, and antiarrhythmic drugs (class IA, IC, and III).
Magnesium sulphate suppresses torsades de pointes by decreasing the influx of calcium ions, which in turn results in decreased amplitude of early afterdepolarizations.8 The initial dose is 2 g (20 mL of 10% solution), given IV over 1-2 minutes. This can be repeated up to a total of 6 g, with 5-15 minutes between doses. Following a bolus of 2-4 g of magnesium, very little magnesium is absorbed into cardiac tissue. Most is excreted in the urine, and unless the patient has severe renal failure, magnesium levels will drop back to baseline over next several hours.9 Hence, it's preferred to follow the bolus with a magnesium infusion at a rate of 1-2 g/hr.
In some circumstances, pharmacologic pacing (using isoproterenol) or transvenous pacing may be necessary to suppress arrhythmias by increasing the baseline heart rate to 100-150 bpm.10-11 Temporary transcutaneous pacing has also been successfully used to convert torsades de pointes.12 IV lidocaine, a Class IB antiarrhythmic that shortens QT interval, can also be used. An acute episode prolonged enough to cause hemodynamic compromise is treated with unsynchronized cardioversion, beginning with 100 joules.
As in our case, it is important to remember that isoproterenol may not always be available, and mechanical pacing may be necessary. Targeting higher magnesium serum levels with magnesium infusion and IV lidocaine can be life-saving.
1. Viskin S. Long QT syndromes and torsades de pointes. The Lancet. 1999;354(9190):1625-1633.
2. El-Sherif N, Turitto G, Boutjdir M. Congenital Long QT syndrome and torsades de pointes. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol. 2017;22(6):e12481.
3. Roden DM. Drug-Induced Prolongation of the QT Interval. Wood AJJ, ed. N Engl J Med. 2004;350(10):1013-1022. doi:10.1056/NEJMra032426.
4. Makkar RR, Fromm BS, Steinman RT, Meissner MD, Lehmann MH. Female Gender as a Risk Factor for Torsades de Pointes Associated With Cardiovascular Drugs. JAMA. 1993;270(21):2590-2597.
5. Torp-Pedersen C, Møller M, Bloch-Thomsen PE, et al. Dofetilide in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure and Left Ventricular Dysfunction. N Engl J Med. 2008;341(12):857-865.
6. Houltz B, Darpo B, Edvardsonn N, et al. Electrocardiographic and Clinical Predictors of Torsades de Pointes Induced by Almokalant Infusion in Patients with Chronic Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter: A Prospective Study. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1998;21(5):1044-1057.
7. Yang T, Roden DM. Extracellular Potassium Modulation of Drug Block of IKr. Circulation. 1996;93(3):407-411.
8. Tzivoni D, Banai S, Schuger C, et al. Treatment of torsades de pointes with magnesium sulfate. Circulation. 1988;77(2):392-397.
9. Biesenbach P, Mårtensson J, Lucchetta L, et al. Pharmacokinetics of Magnesium Bolus Therapy in Cardiothoracic Surgery. J Cardiothoracic Vasc Anesthesia. 2018;32(3):1289-1294.
10. El-Sherif N, Turitto G, Boutjdir M. Acquired long QT syndrome and torsades de pointes. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2018;41(4):414-421.
11. Roden DM. A practical approach to torsades de pointes. Clin Cardiol. 1997;20(3):285-290.
12. Charlton NP, Lawrence DT, Brady WJ, Kirk MA, Holstege CP. Termination of drug-induced torsadess de pointes with overdrive pacing. Am J Emerg Med. 2010;28(1):95-102.


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Rihanna dominates Billboard Music Awards nominations
Drake, Twenty One Pilots and Rihanna dominate the nominations in all categories for the 2017 Billboard Music Awards announced exclusively by Billboard today. Rihanna scored 14 nominations, making her most nominated female artist. Last year Rihanna attended the award show and performed Love On The Brain.
Top Artist:
Top Female Artist:
Top Billboard 200 Artist:
Top Hot 100 Artist:
Top Radio Songs Artist:
Top Streaming Songs Artist:
Desiigner
Top R&B Artist:
Top R&B Tour:
Top Billboard 200 Album:
Beyonce, Lemonade
Drake, Views
Rihanna, Anti
Twenty One Pilots, Blurryface
The Weeknd, Starboy
Top R&B Album:
Bruno Mars, 24K Magic
Frank Ocean, Blonde
Top Streaming Song (Audio):
The Chainsmokers Featuring Halsey, "Closer"
Drake Featuring WizKid & Kyla, "One Dance"
D.R.A.M. Featuring Lil Yachty, "Broccoli"
Rihanna, "Needed Me"
The Weeknd Featuring Daft Punk, "Starboy"
Top R&B Song:
Rihanna Featuring Drake, "Work"
Top R&B Collaboration:
PARTYNEXTDOOR Featuring Drake, "Come And See Me"
The Weeknd Featuring Daft Punk "I Feel It Coming"
Top Dance/Electronic Song:
The Chainsmokers Featuring Daya, "Don't Let Me Down"
Calvin Harris Featuring Rihanna, "This Is What You Came For"
Major Lazer Featuring Justin Bieber & MO, "Cold Water"
DJ Snake Featuring Justin Bieber, "Let Me Love You"
The 2017 Billboard Music Awards will air on ABC live from the T-Mobile Arena in Las Vegas on Sunday, May 21 at 8 p.m. ET/PT.
Rihanna honors Mary J Blige at 2019 BET Awards
Rihanna's vocal producer Kuk Harrell talks recording ANTI


Due to work and financial commitments, I couldn't sign up for a full-time course and needed (and wanted!) some flexibility. I found the distance-learning course through St George International in London and was accepted onto the programme. I started working on it in January 2005, took the written exam in November of the same year and completed a two-week practical block in London in March 2006. I had a fantastic tutor/mentor at St George's and we have stayed in touch ever since. At the start of July 2007 we were both invited to participate in the piloting of the new written exam at Trinity's Head Office.
The Trinity LTCL Diploma gave me a real sense of achievement. It was hard work but always interesting, and it gave me much more confidence in my abilities. It also gave me a better sense of direction - I would like to work as a teacher trainer in this field in the future. In September 2006, I began work at HMP Wandsworth, where I have been Head of ESOL for the past year. This enabled me to combine teaching with a middle-management role at the head of the ESOL team at the prison. It has been a fascinating year! I firmly believe that the renewed confidence I had gained, and the Trinity LTCL Diploma itself, helped me to secure this position.


The Knotty & Nice Collection includes a variety of mix-and-match flatware, serving pieces & accessories with a twist! Each knot is an elegant expression of friendship, love or strong bond of any kind. Knotty Rectangle XL is super-sized to load up with just about anything! Main dishes, desserts or side dishes...anything goes with this gorgeous statement platter. Also Available: Knotty Oval XL. Handcrafted of food-safe polished aluminum. Size: 27" x 11" x 1-1/2"


We create programs, activities and services to achieve the mission of improving public education and making the Long Beach school district a good place to teach.
TALB represents over 5,000 teachers working within the Long Beach Unified School District.
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FLog: type-level equivalent of integerLogBase# .i.e. the exact integer equivalent to "floor (logBase x y)"
CLog: type-level equivalent of the ceiling of integerLogBase# .i.e. the exact integer equivalent to "ceiling (logBase x y)"
Log: type-level equivalent of integerLogBase# where the operation only reduces when "floor (logBase b x) ~ ceiling (logBase b x)"
pragma to the header of your file.
Note that additional equations are provided by the type-checker plugin solver GHC.TypeLits.Extra.Solver.
Type-level equivalent of integerLogBase# .i.e. the exact integer equivalent to "floor (logBase x y)"
Type-level equivalent of the ceiling of integerLogBase# .i.e. the exact integer equivalent to "ceiling (logBase x y)"
Type-level greatest common denominator (GCD).
Type-level least common multiple (LCM).