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Tag: CH-53K
Sikorsky And Rheinmetall Submit Proposal For Germany's New Heavy Lift Helicopter, The CH-53K
Koblenz, Germany Jan. 13, 2020 – Today, Sikorsky, a Lockheed Martin company (NYSE: LMT), and Rheinmetall representing the German industry team, submitted the bid for the production and operation of the Sikorsky CH-53K ("King Stallion") as the Bundeswehr's new heavy-lift transport helicopter for its "Schwerer Transporthubschrauber" (STH) program.
Tags: CH-53K King Stallion Lockheed Martin Sikorsky
Sikorsky And Rheinmetall Plan Construction Of CH-53K Helicopter Logistics And Fleet Management Center At Leipzig/Halle Airport
LEIPZIG, Germany, Oct. 29, 2019 -- To support Germany's "Schwerer Transporthubschrauber" (STH) heavy lift helicopter program, Sikorsky, a Lockheed Martin company, and Rheinmetall announced today that they intend to set up a logistics and fleet management center at Leipzig/Halle Airport if the Bundeswehr selects the CH-53K as its next heavy-lift transport helicopter. This would establish numerous high-tech jobs and strengthen Leipzig and the local airport as a prime business location in the long term.
Tags: CH-53K Lockheed Martin Sikorsky
Sikorsky Receives Contract To Build 12 CH-53K Heavy Lift Helicopters
STRATFORD, Conn., -- Sikorsky, a Lockheed Martin company (NYSE: LMT) will build 12 production CH-53K King Stallion helicopters under a new $1.13 billion contract from the U.S. Navy. These advanced helicopters are part of the 200 program of record aircraft for the U.S. Marine Corps.
Tags: CH-53K King Stallion Lockheed Martin Sikorksy US Navy
SIKORSKY ANNOUNCES ITS GERMAN INDUSTRIALIZATION FOR THE COUNTRY'S NEW HEAVY LIFT HELICOPTER COMPETITION
BERLIN, PRNewswire/ -- Sikorsky, a Lockheed Martin (NYSE: LMT) Company, announced its German industrialization plan for competing in the German Air Force "Schwerer Transporthubschrauber" (STH) Program with the world class heavy lift helicopter, the CH-53K King Stallion. Rheinmetall Group, which has entered into an exclusive arrangement with Sikorsky, will lead in-service support for the CH-53K.
Tags: CH-53K German Air Force Lockheed Martin Rheinmetall Group Sikorsky
Strengthening Partnerships: Sikorsky's CH-53K Heavy Lift Helicopter Makes Historic First Flight in Germany
HOLZDORF, Germany, April 12, 2018 /PRNewswire/ -- Sikorsky, a Lockheed Martin (NYSE: LMT) company, and the U.S. Marine Corps' CH-53K heavy lift helicopter reached another historic first. The CH-53K, which recently arrived in Germany, flew its first flight on foreign soil at Holzdorf Air Base, Germany. The aircraft executed a flawless flight around the air base, as the Sikorsky team continues preparation for the King Stallion's public international debut at the ILA Berlin Air Show, April 25 - 29.
A King Has Arrived: Sikorsky CH-53 King Stallion Heavy Lift Helicopter Arrives in Germany for International Debut
HOLZDORF, Germany, March 28, 2018 /PRNewswire/ -- A CH-53K heavy lift helicopter built by Sikorsky, a Lockheed Martin company (NYSE: LMT), arrived in Holzdorf, Germany, ahead of its international debut at the ILA Berlin Air Show next month.
Tags: Berlin Air Show CH-53K Lockheed Martin Sikorsky


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Geraldine Johnson received a BA in Comparative Literature from Yale, an MA in Art History from Cambridge, and a PhD in History of Art from Harvard. She has held a number of prestigious grants and fellowships, including ones awarded by the Harvard Society of Fellows, the Leverhulme Trust, Villa i Tatti in Florence, the Henry Moore Foundation, the Fulbright Commission, and the Mellon Foundation. In 2009, she received a University Teaching Prize for her work in establishing Oxford's undergraduate degree in History of Art. She has been a an Elected Member of Oxford University's Council, Associate Head of the Humanities Division, and Head of the History of Art Department. She has also held a number of senior positions at her college, Christ Church, including Senior Censor, Junior Censor, and Tutor for Admissions.
She has published widely on the history of sculpture from the late medieval period to the present day, as well as on the visual arts more generally in Early Modern Europe. Her research interests also include the history of photography, the historiography of Art History, and women and the visual arts. Oxford University Press published her Very Short Introduction to Renaissance Art in 2005, with a new edition appearing in 2010 from an imprint of Barnes & Noble. It has been translated into Chinese, Greek, Turkish, Thai and Vietnamese, and a second, revised edition is currently in progress. She is the co-editor of a prize-winning volume entitled Picturing Women in Renaissance and Baroque Italy (Cambridge University Press, 1997) and editor of Sculpture and Photography: Envisioning the Third Dimension (Cambridge University Press, 1998). She is a Series Editor for Renaissance History, Art and Culture, published by Amsterdam University Press, is a member of the Editorial Board of the journal Art History, and is the General Editor of A Cultural History of Sculpture for Bloomsbury Press.
Her articles have appeared in major peer-reviewed journals including Art History, The Art Bulletin, Renaissance Quarterly, and The Sculpture Journal. At present, she is completing two books, one entitled The Sound of Marble: The Materiality and Immateriality of Italian Renaissance Art, which will be published by Cambridge University Press, and a second entitled Photography and Sculpture, which will be published by Reaktion Books. She has been commissioned by Wiley-Blackwell to edit a major anthology, A Companion to the Theories and Methods of Art History, and she has also edited a forthcoming volume entitled Crossing Continents: Exile and Expatriate Histories of Art. Future projects include De-Facing the Portrait: The Early Modern Body in Parts (a monograph with Professor Tatiana String) and an historiographical study entitled Art History's Images. She recently co-organised an international conference, Photo Archives: The Place of Photography, which forms the basis of a co-edited (with Deborah Schultz) volume to be published by Bloomsbury. Finally, she has served as a consultant for a major Anglo-Italian television drama series, Medici: Masters of Florence (series two).
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


jexperience.me 9 out of 10 based on 758 ratings. 4,119 user reviews.
The diagram below shows the how to use this method to make a VGA (HD 15 connector) to component breakout cable. This cable is used to connect a component video source such as a DVD player or Satellite Cable receiver to a projector, RPTV, LCD or Plasma that accepts componet video via an HD 15 port.
Thanks Chris.. The RGB pc in is a 15 pin plug as you can see from the tv manual diagram. I assume a VGA 15 pin output at the pc end and a RGB 15 pin input to the tv will work.
This 1x8 HDMI Splitter and Extender kit lets you split one HDMI signal to eight displays using cat5e 6 cable, and extend it up to 160ft.


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McGill.ca / Overview / Faculty of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, including School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition / Undergraduate
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About the Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, including School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition (Undergraduate)
Overview of Programs Offered by the Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences
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About the Department of Animal Science
There are excellent programs available for those students interested in the study of animal science at the undergraduate level. Whether students are interested in the improvement of livestock production from the point of view of nutrition, breeding and reproduction, or the study of animals in a health context, or even the biotechnology aspects that provide a basis for further laboratory research and an opening to animal models and their impact on human health and disease, there is a specialization that will appeal to those needs.
The Department of Animal Science plays a crucial role in the offering of four important specializations:
Animal Health and Disease
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Each of these specializations must be taken within the context of a major, depending on the orientation of a student towards animal production management, animal biotechnology, further studies in animal health, international studies, and/or graduate studies.
A student with an interest in animals, who wishes to become a professional agrologist (a member of the Ordre des agronomes du Québec), should register in the Agro-Environmental Sciences Major and take the specialization in Animal Production (as well as the obligatory specialization in Professional Agrology).
Programs, Courses and University Regulations—2013-2014 (last updated Mar. 1, 2013) (disclaimer)
Faculty of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences—2013-2014 (last updated Mar. 1, 2013) (disclaimer)
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Hanson said he was impressed with the veteran centre's form this season. "You get the subtle touches and you get the brutality, as LB [Chiefs All Black midfielder Anton Lienert-Brown] found out in the weekend".
"We've got to expect injuries and there'll be more than just him, I suggest, by the time we finally name the team to go to the World Cup".


Zombie Pint Glass Set has been added to your shopping cart!
Watch out, the zombie horde is coming! Our horrific Zombie Pint Glass Set features warning signs that might help keep you a step ahead of the impending invasion. Plan 9 has been put into action, run for your life! Always remember to double tap but you already knew that because youre reading this now.
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Gift pack set of 4. Holds 16 oz. Glass. Hand wash only.


The Italy-based digital learning content management business solution provider, eXact learning solutions, features at this year's Learning Solutions conference and expo. Being held at the Hilton Orlando Lake Buena Vista, in Florida, USA, and organized by The eLearning Guild, this major event in the USA's online learning calendar runs from March 16 through March 18.
Italy-based eXact learning solutions has announced its intention to bring a radical and innovative approach to the online learning technologies industry in 2016.
Docebo, producer of the Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) Enterprise learning management system (LMS), is unveiling two major new modules that work alongside its product to create an ecosystem.
These new modules, that enable Coaching, Informal and Social Learning to be added to online training projects, are part of the latest release of the Docebo LMS. They are being revealed at Docebo's booth (G10) at the HR Summit and Expo 2015, which takes place in Dubai from 16 to 18 November.
The New Zealand-based training and recruitment specialist, Bloom Training and Recruitment, is partnering with Docebo, producers of the Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) Enterprise learning management system (LMS). This partnership enables Docebo to expand its presence in the Asia Pacific marketplace.
Social learning functionality and gamification figure prominently among the new capabilities of the latest version – version 6.3 – of the Docebo Learning Management System (LMS). Previewed at ASTD 2014 in the USA and launched around the world on the following day, this latest version of the LMS Software as a Service (SaaS), from the disruptive Cloud E-Learning solutions provider, facilitates new ways of enhancing users' engagement in learning.


This wood was collected from an unusually large boxthorn bush. Very few bushes this size still left as most have been pulled out. It was collected by Rex Binns from Opaku Lodge Farm, Otauto Road, Whenuakura. Mr Binns uses timber like this for wood turning. This particular piece was collected specifically for the exhibition, Boxthorn: It Has No Equal, held at Taranaki Museum from June - September 2000.


2010-02-16 Assigned to STRATASYS, INC. reassignment STRATASYS, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BATCHELDER, J. SAMUEL, PAUL, THOMAS P.
A detector for use in an extrusion-based digital manufacturing system, the detector comprising a sense conductive component and an excitation conductive component to define a first gap that is configured to receive a consumable material used in the extrusion-based digital manufacturing system, where the excitation conductive component is configured to generate a first electrical field across the first gap.
The present disclosure relates to direct digital manufacturing systems for building three-dimensional (3D) models with layer-based additive techniques. In particular, the present disclosure relates to devices for detecting consumable materials, such as modeling and support materials, used in extrusion-based digital manufacturing systems.
An extrusion-based digital manufacturing system (e.g., fused deposition modeling systems developed by Stratasys, Inc., Eden Prairie, Minn.) is used to build a 3D model from a digital representation of the 3D model in a layer-by-layer manner by extruding a flowable consumable modeling material. The modeling material is extruded through an extrusion tip carried by an extrusion head, and is deposited as a sequence of roads on a substrate in an x-y plane. The extruded modeling material fuses to previously deposited modeling material, and solidifies upon a drop in temperature. The position of the extrusion head relative to the substrate is then incremented along a z-axis (perpendicular to the x-y plane), and the process is then repeated to form a 3D model resembling the digital representation.
Movement of the extrusion head with respect to the substrate is performed under computer control, in accordance with build data that represents the 3D model. The build data is obtained by initially slicing the digital representation of the 3D model into multiple horizontally sliced layers. Then, for each sliced layer, the host computer generates a build path for depositing roads of modeling material to form the 3D model.
In fabricating 3D models by depositing layers of a modeling material, supporting layers or structures are typically built underneath overhanging portions or in cavities of objects under construction, which are not supported by the modeling material itself. A support structure may be built utilizing the same deposition techniques by which the modeling material is deposited. The host computer generates additional geometry acting as a support structure for the overhanging or free-space segments of the 3D model being formed. Consumable support material is then deposited from a second nozzle pursuant to the generated geometry during the build process. The support material adheres to the modeling material during fabrication, and is removable from the completed 3D model when the build process is complete.
An aspect of the present disclosure is directed to a detector for use in an extrusion-based digital manufacturing system. The detector includes a control board configured to be retained in the extrusion-based digital manufacturing system, and a sense conductive component. The detector also includes an excitation conductive component that defines a first gap with the sense conductive component, where the first gap is configured to receive a consumable material used in the extrusion-based digital manufacturing system. The excitation conductive component is configured to generate a first electrical field across the first gap.
In some embodiments, the detector may also include a reference conductive component, where the excitation conductive component is disposed between the sense conductive component and the reference conductive component. In these embodiments, the excitation conductive component and the reference conductive component define a second gap, and the excitation conductive component may also be configured to generate a second electrical field across the second gap.
Another aspect of the present disclosure is directed to a detector for use in an extrusion-based digital manufacturing system, where the detector includes an excitation conductive component, a sense conductive component, and a biasing component configured to engage a consumable material with the excitation conductive component and the reference conductive component. The excitation conductive component is configured to generate an electrical field with the sense conductive component. The detector also includes a processor configured to compare capacitive values of sampled signals operably received from the sense conductive component to predetermined capacitive values to identify at least one compositional property of the consumable material.
Another aspect of the present disclosure is directed to a method for detecting a consumable material in an extrusion-based digital manufacturing system. The method includes generating a first electrical field between an excitation conductive component and a sense conductive component, and generating a second electrical field between the excitation conductive component and a reference conductive component. The method also includes introducing the consumable material between the excitation conductive component and the sense conductive component while the first and second electrical fields are generated, and operably sampling capacitive values of the first and second electrical fields while the consumable material is introduced between the excitation conductive component and the sense conductive component. The method further includes performing at least one computational analysis on the sampled capacitive values to identify the presence of the consumable material between the excitation conductive component and the sense conductive component.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an extrusion-based digital manufacturing system that includes a capacitive detector of a first embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 2 is a side schematic illustration of an extrusion head of the extrusion-based digital manufacturing system positioned over a purge receptacle of the extrusion-based digital manufacturing system, where the purge receptacle retains the first embodied capacitive detector.
FIG. 3 is an expanded view of the extrusion head in use with the first embodied capacitive detector, where a consumable material extrudate from the extrusion head is not present.
FIG. 4 is an expanded view of the extrusion head in use with the first embodied capacitive detector, where the consumable material extrudate from the extrusion head is present.
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of an extrusion-based digital manufacturing system that includes a capacitive detector of a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 6 is a side schematic illustration of the second embodied capacitive detector located adjacent to a pathway of a consumable material of the extrusion-based digital manufacturing system.
FIG. 7 is an expanded view of the second embodied capacitive detector, where a consumable material from a supply source is present.
FIG. 8 is a side schematic illustration of a first alternative detector to the second embodied capacitive detector in use with a consumable material.
FIG. 9 is a top view of a second alternative detector to the second embodied capacitive detector in use with a consumable material.
FIG. 10 is graphical illustration of a liquefier purge test performed with a capacitive detector corresponding to the first embodied capacitive detector and a modeling material.
FIG. 11 is graphical illustration of a liquefier purge test performed with the capacitive detector and a support material.
FIG. 12 is a photograph of a purge receptacle of an extrusion-based digital manufacturing system and the capacitive detector used in the liquefier purge tests, illustrating an accumulation of modeling and support material extrudates.
The present disclosure is directed capacitive detectors for detecting the presence of materials used in direct digital manufacturing systems, such as extrusion-based digital manufacturing systems. In a first embodiment, the capacitive detector is located at a purge receptacle and is configured to detect the presence of extrudates from an extrusion head during liquefier purges. In this embodiment, detecting the presence of the extrudates at the purge receptacle may identify when a loss of extrusion event occurs (e.g., a clogged extrusion tip).
In a second embodiment, the capacitive detector is located between a supply source of a consumable material and the extrusion head, and is configured to detect the presence of consumable materials (e.g., modeling and support materials) being fed to the extrusion head. In this embodiment, the capacitive detector may also be used to determine one or more compositional properties of the consumable materials, such as moisture concentrations in the consumable materials.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of system 10, which is an extrusion-based digital manufacturing system that includes detector 12. As discussed below, detector 12 is a capacitive detector of the first embodiment of the present disclosure for detecting the presence of extrudates during purge operations. Suitable extrusion-based digital manufacturing systems for system 10 include fused deposition modeling systems developed by Stratasys, Inc., Eden Prairie, Minn., such as those disclosed in Comb et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,939,008; Swanson et al., U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,722,872 and 6,776,602; and Taatjes et al, U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 12/255,808 and 12/255,811; and those commercially available under the trade designations "DIMENSION" and "FORTUS" from Stratasys, Inc., Eden Prairie, Minn.
System 10 includes build chamber 14, platform assembly 16, gantry 18, extrusion head 20, purge receptacle 22, and supply sources 24 and 26. Build chamber 14 is an enclosed environment that contains platform assembly 16, a portion of gantry 18, extrusion head 20, purge receptacle 22, and detector 12. During a build operation, build chamber 14 is desirably heated to reduce the rate at which the modeling and support materials solidify after being extruded and deposited.
Platform assembly 16 is a receiving platform on which a 3D model (referred to as 3D model 28) and a corresponding support structure (referred to as support structure 30) are built, and desirably moves along a vertical z-axis based on signals provided from controller 32. Controller 32 is one or more computer-operated controllers for operating system 10, and may be located internally or externally to system 10. As shown, controller 32 may communicate with build chamber 14, platform assembly 16, gantry 18, and extrusion head 20 over communication line 34. While illustrated as a single signal line, communication line 34 may include one or more signal lines for allowing controller 32 to communicate with various components of system 10, such as build chamber 14, platform assembly 16, gantry 18, and extrusion head 20.
Gantry 18 is a guide rail system that is configured to move extrusion head 20 in a horizontal x-y plane within build chamber 14 based on signals provided from system controller 32. The horizontal x-y plane is a plane defined by an x-axis and a y-axis, where the x-axis, the y-axis, and the z-axis are orthogonal to each other. In an alternative embodiment, platform assembly 16 may be configured to move along two axes within build chamber 14 (e.g., x-z plane or the y-z plane), and extrusion head 20 may be configured to move along a single horizontal axis (e.g., the x-axis or the y-axis). Other similar arrangements may also be used such that one or both of platform assembly 16 and extrusion head 20 are movable relative to each other.
Extrusion head 20 is supported by gantry 18 for building 3D model 28 and support structure 30 on platform assembly 16 in a layer-by-layer manner, based on signals provided from controller 32. Examples of suitable extrusion heads for extrusion head 20 include those disclosed in LaBossiere, et al., U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,384,255 and 7,604,470; and Leavitt, U.S. Pat. No. 7,625,200. Alternatively, system 10 may include one or more two-stage pump assemblies, such as those disclosed in Batchelder et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,764,521; and Skubic et al., U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2008/0213419. Furthermore, system 10 may include a plurality of extrusion heads 20 for depositing modeling and/or support materials, such as disclosed in Swanson et al., U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/180,140.
In the shown embodiment, extrusion head 20 includes a liquefiers 20 m and 20 s, which may be toggled back and forth for selectively extruding modeling and support materials. Accordingly, the modeling material for building 3D model 28 may be fed from supply source 24 to liquefier 20 m of extrusion head 20 through pathway 36. Similarly, a support material for building support structure 30 may be fed from supply source 26 to liquefier 20 s of extrusion head 20 through pathway 38. System 10 may also include additional drive mechanisms (not shown) configured to assist in feeding the modeling and support materials from supply sources 24 and 26 to extrusion head 20.
Supply sources 24 and 26 are devices for retaining supplies of the modeling and support materials, and which may be loadable to system 10. While illustrated with two supply sources (i.e., supply sources 24 and 26), system 10 may alternatively be configured to feed consumable materials to each liquefier of extrusion head 20 from two or more supply sources to provide for a continuous operation, as disclosed in Swanson et al., U.S. Pat. No. 6,923,634. In some embodiments, the modeling and support materials may be provided to system 10 as filaments. In these embodiments, suitable assemblies (e.g., spooled containers) for supply sources 24 and 26 include those disclosed in Swanson et al., U.S. Pat. No. 6,923,634; Comb et al., U.S. Pat. No. 7,122,246; and Taatjes et al, U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 12/255,808 and 12/255,811.
Purge receptacle 22 is a container that may be retained in build chamber 14, and is configured to receive extrudates of the modeling and support materials from extrusion head 20 during liquefier purges. As discussed above, detector 12 is a capacitive detector configured to detect the presence of the extrudates from extrusion head 20 during the liquefier purges. As shown, detector 12 may communicate with controller 32 over communication line 40. While illustrated as a single signal line, communication line 40 may also include one or more signal lines for allowing detector 12 to communicate with controller 32 and/or with various components of system 10.
During a build operation, controller 32 directs gantry 18 to move extrusion head 20 around in the horizontal x-y plane within build chamber 14 based on predetermined coordinate patterns. Controller 32 may also direct drive mechanisms (not shown) to selectively feed the modeling and support materials through pathways 36 and 38 to extrusion head 20. Extrusion head 20 thermally melts the successive portions of the received modeling and support materials. The upstream, unmelted portions of the each of the materials may each function as a piston with a viscosity-pump action to extrude the molten material out of its respective liquefier of extrusion head 20. The extruded modeling and support materials may then be deposited onto platform assembly 16 to build 3D model 28 and support structure 30 in a layer-by-layer manner pursuant to the layer-based additive technique.
For each layer, extrusion head 20 may toggle between liquefiers 20 m and 20 s to selectively deposit the modeling and support materials. Accordingly, when toggled to deposit the modeling material, liquefier 20 m is active and liquefier 20 s is inactive. Alternatively, when toggled to deposit the support material, liquefier 20 s is active and liquefier 20 m is inactive. Suitable techniques for toggling liquefiers 20 m and 20 s between the active and inactive states are disclosed in LaBossiere, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 7,604,470 and Leavitt, U.S. Pat. No. 7,625,200.
A liquefier purge is also desirably performed after each toggling to ready the previously inactive liquefier for use. During each liquefier purge, controller 32 may direct gantry 18 to move extrusion head 20 in the horizontal x-y plane until extrusion head 20 is positioned over purge receptacle 22. Extrusion head 20 may then warm up the active liquefier and extrude the consumable material from the given liquefier into purge receptacle 22 for a short period of time. For example, after forming a layer of support structure 30 (i.e., liquefier 20 s is active and liquefier 20 m is inactive), extrusion head 20 may be toggled such that liquefier 20 m is now active and liquefier 20 s is now inactive. Liquefier 20 m may then be warmed up and directed to extrude the modeling material into purge receptacle 22 for a short period of time. After the purge operation, liquefier 20 m is then ready for use in forming the next layer of 3D model 28.
During a proper liquefier purge, the modeling or support material extrudes respectively from the tip of liquefier 20 m or liquefier 20 s as an extrudate into purge receptacle 22. However, to attain high resolutions, the tips of liquefiers 20 m and 20 s desirably have small inner diameters (e.g., from about 250 micrometers (about 10 mils) to about 510 micrometers (about 20 mils)). As such, the modeling or support material residing in the inactive liquefier may potentially solidify at the bottom tip of the given liquefier. This solidification may potentially clog the small-diameter tip of the liquefier, which can prevent the modeling or support material from being deposited the next time it is needed. If not detected, such events can disrupt the build operations, thereby resulting in delays and/or distortions in the resulting 3D model 28 or support structure 30.
The liquefier purges provide suitable points in the build operation to detect tip clogging. In particular, the liquefier purging allows the tip clogging to be detected prior to forming a layer of 3D model 28 or support structure 30. This prevents an unsuccessful extrusion from occurring during the actual layer formation, thereby preserving the dimensional integrities of 3D model 28 and support structure 30. As discussed below, detector 12 is configured to detect the extrudates from liquefiers 20 m and 20 s during the liquefier purges, thereby allowing system 10 to identify when tip clogging occurs.
FIG. 2 is a side schematic illustration of extrusion head 20 positioned over purge receptacle 22, where gantry 18 is omitted for ease of discussion. Purge receptacle 22 includes top edge 42, bottom floor 44, and sidewall 46 extending between top edge 42 and bottom floor 44 to form a container having a top opening for collecting purged consumable materials. In alternative embodiments, purge receptacle 22 may exhibit a variety of different designs such that detector 12 is operably secured to at least a portion of sidewall 46, desirably adjacent to top edge 42.
Purge receptacle 22 may also retain tip wipe assembly 48, where tip wipe assembly 48 may also be secured sidewall 46 adjacent to top edge 42. Examples of suitable devices for tip wipe assembly 48 include those disclosed in Swanson, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 6,722,872 and in Turley, et al., U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2008/0317894.
In the shown embodiment, detector 12 includes circuit board 50, sense plate 52, excitation plate 54, reference plate 56, analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 58, processor 60, and system interface 62. Detector 12 may also include a variety of additional electronic components (not shown) for processing and transmitting capacitance signals. Circuit board 50 is a printed circuit board configured to be operably secured to sidewall 46. Sense plate 52, excitation plate 54, and reference plate 56 are conductive plates operably secured to circuit board 50, and are each desirably connected to a power source (not shown).
As shown, sense plate 52 and excitation plate 54 are offset from each other by a first gap. This arrangement allows sense plate 52 and excitation plate 54 to function as a first parallel-plate capacitor to detect the presence of extrudates deposited between sense plate 52 and excitation plate 54. Correspondingly, excitation plate 54 and reference plate 56 are offset from each other by a second gap. This arrangement also allows excitation plate 54 and reference plate 56 function as a second parallel-plate capacitor to provide baseline capacitance values for the first parallel-plate capacitor. The dual-capacitor design allows detector 12 to compensate for environmental changes, such as changes in temperature and humidity levels. Additionally, as discussed below, the dual-capacitor design also allows extrudates to accumulate within purge receptacle 22 to heights that extend into the region between sense plate 52 and excitation plate 54. This prevents false-positive detections of the extrudates when substantial volumes of the purged materials accumulate in purge receptacle 22.
As shown, sense plate 52, excitation plate 54, and reference plate 56 may extend from circuit board 50 in a substantially parallel manner. Suitable angles for sense plate 52, excitation plate 54, and reference plate 56 to each extend from circuit board 50 range from about 85 degrees to about 95 degrees, with particularly suitable angles ranging from about 88 degrees to about 92 degrees, and with even more particularly suitable angles including about 90 degrees.
Sense plate 52, excitation plate 54, and reference plate 56 each desirably has a length along the z-axis, a width along the y-axis, and a depth along the x-axis. Examples of suitable lengths for each of sense plate 52, excitation plate 54, and reference plate 56 range from about 1.3 centimeters (about 0.5 inches) to about 5.1 centimeters (about 2.0 inches), with particularly suitable lengths ranging from about 1.8 centimeters (about 0.7 inches) to about 3.3 centimeters (about 1.3 inches). Examples of suitable widths for each of sense plate 52, excitation plate 54, and reference plate 56 range from about 0.13 centimeters (about 0.05 inches) to about 1.3 centimeters (about 0.5 inches), with particularly suitable lengths ranging from about 0.3 centimeters (about 0.1 inches) to about 0.8 centimeters (about 0.3 inches).
Examples of suitable depths for each of sense plate 52, excitation plate 54, and reference plate 56 range from about 0.8 centimeter (about 0.3 inches) to about 5.1 centimeters (about 2.0 inches), with particularly suitable lengths ranging from about 1.3 centimeters (about 0.5 inches) to about 2.5 centimeters (about 1.0 inch). Correspondingly, suitable cross-sectional surface areas for each of sense plate 52, excitation plate 54, and reference plate 56 (based on lengths and depths) range from about 0.5 square-centimeters (about 0.2 square-inches) to about 10.2 square-centimeters (about 4.0 square-inches), with particularly suitable cross-sectional surface areas ranging from about 1.0 square-centimeter (about 0.4 square-inches) to about 3.3 square-centimeters (about 1.3 square-inches).
In one embodiment, sense plate 52, excitation plate 54, and reference plate 56 exhibit substantially the same dimensions. Additionally, the first and second gaps between excitation plate 54 and sense plate 52 and reference plate 56 are desirably about the same distance. Examples of suitable offset distances for excitation plate 54 from each of sense plate 52 and reference plate 56 range from about 0.3 centimeters (about 0.1 inches) to about 2.5 centimeters (about 1.0 inch), with particularly suitable offset distances ranging from about 0.5 centimeters (about 0.2 inches) to about 1.3 centimeters (about 0.5 inches).
While detector 12 is shown in use with conductive plates (i.e., sense plate 52, excitation plate 54, and reference plate 56), detector 12 may alternatively include a variety of different conductive components that function in the same manner as sense plate 52, excitation plate 54, and reference plate 56. As such, detector 12 may include a sense component, an excitation component, and a reference component, where the excitation component is configured to generate a first electrical field between the excitation component and the sense component, and to generate a second electrical field between the excitation component and the reference component.
ADC 58 is configured to sample and digitize capacitance signals from sense plate 52 and reference plate 56 over signal lines 64 and 66, respectively. The sampled signals may then be transmitted to processor 60, which is one or more microprocessors configured to analyze the received sampled signals and to communicate with controller 32 (shown in FIG. 1) over system interface 62 and communication line 40 (shown in FIG. 1). System interface 62 is an interface configured to communicate with controller 32 and/or other components of system 10. System interface 62 may also be configured to relay electrical power to excitation plate 54. In an alternative embodiment, one or more of ADC 58, processor 60, and system interface 62 may be located remotely from circuit board 50 (e.g., on a separate circuit board, not shown). In this embodiment, one or more of ADC 58, processor 60, and system interface may be located outside of build chamber 14 to reduce their exposure to the elevated temperature(s) within build chamber 14.
FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate the process for detecting extrudates with the use of detector 12 during a liquefier purge. As discussed above, during a liquefier purge, controller 32 may direct gantry 18 to move extrusion head 20 in the horizontal x-y direction until extrusion head 20 is positioned over purge receptacle 22. In particular, as shown in FIG. 3, extrusion head 20 is desirably positioned such that the liquefier of extrusion head 20 that is to be purged (e.g., liquefier 20 m) is substantially centered over the region between sense plate 52 and excitation plate 54 along the x-axis (shown in FIG. 1) and along the y-axis.
where CEF1(i) is the capacitance value of electrical field 68 during the initial sampling, and CEF2(i) is the capacitance value of electrical field 70 during the initial sampling.
In the example shown in FIG. 3, only air resides within electrical fields 68 and 70. As such, the baseline value is substantially zero. However, as purge receptacle 22 accumulates extrudates on bottom floor 44 over multiple liquefier purges, the extrudates may begin to fill the region between sense plate 52 and excitation plate 54, thereby increasing the capacitance value CEF1. This increase in the capacitance value is due to the relative static permittivities of the modeling and support materials (e.g., from about 2 to about 8 for thermoplastic materials), which are greater than the corresponding permittivity of air (i.e., 1.0). As such, when the accumulated extrudates displace portions of the air between sense plate 52 and excitation plate 54, the capacitance of electrical field 68 increases. As such determining the baseline value of Equation 1 allows processor 60 to effectively zero out the capacitance values of electrical field 68. As mentioned above, in addition to compensating for environmental changes, the dual-capacitor design prevents false-positive detections due to the accumulation of the extrudates in purge receptacle 22.
where the threshold value may vary depending on the expected change in capacitance due to the extrudates (e.g., extrudate 72). For example, the threshold value may be dependent on the diameter of extrudate 72 (e.g., from about 250 micrometers (about 10 mils) to about 510 micrometers (about 20 mils)), the composition of extrudate 72, the dimensions and locations of sense plate 52, excitation plate 54, and reference plate 56, and the like. Examples of suitable modeling and support materials for use with system 10 and detector 12 are discussed below.
In the current example, the baseline value is substantially zero and extrudate 72 causes CEF1(p) to be greater than the threshold value. As such, processor 60 determines that the conditions of Equation 2 are met, and, therefore, the presence of extrudate 72 is detected. As a result, the liquefier purge may be completed without alerting controller 32.
Alternatively, if a tip clog were present and extrudate 72 did not form, the CEF1(p) would not be greater than the threshold value. In this situation, processor 60 determines that the conditions of Equation 2 are not met and may transmit a signal to controller 32 that a loss of extrusion event has occurred. This allows controller 32 to then stop attempting to extrude the modeling material and to pause the build operation. Controller 32 may also display information to an operator of system 10 to inform the operator of the loss of extrusion event. As discussed above, the use of detector 12 in this manner allows tip clogging to be detected prior to forming a layer of 3D model 28 or support structure 30. This prevents an unsuccessful extrusion from occurring during the actual layer formation, thereby preserving the dimensional integrities of 3D model 28 and support structure 30.
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of system 110 in use with detectors 112 m and 112 s, which are alternatives to system 10 and detector 12, where the corresponding reference labels are increased by "100". Detectors 112 m and 112 s are capacitive detectors of the second embodiment of the present disclosure for detecting the presence of modeling and support materials fed to the extrusion head 120. In the shown embodiment, detector 112 m is positioned along pathway 136 between supply source 124 and extrusion head 120, and detector 112 s is positioned along pathway 138 between supply source 126 and extrusion head 120. In alternative embodiments, detector 112 m may be positioned at a different location along pathway 136 between supply source 124 and extrusion head 120, and detector 112 s may be positioned at a different location along pathway 138 between supply source 126 and extrusion head 120.
In one embodiment, detector 112 m may be located adjacent to supply source 124, such as adjacent to the intersection of supply source 124 and pathway 136. Similarly, detector 112 s may be located adjacent to supply source 126, such as adjacent to the intersection of supply source 126 and pathway 138. This embodiment allows detectors 112 m and 112 s to monitor the consumable materials (e.g., filaments of modeling and support materials) shortly after leaving supply sources 124 and 126, and is beneficial for detecting loss of extrusions events that occur within supply sources 124 and 126 and/or at the intersections with pathways 136 and 138.
For example, if a filament of the modeling material breaks within supply source 124 or is misfed to pathway 136, the filament will not reach detector 112 m. Therefore, detector 112 m will detect that the filament is not present in pathway 136, and may transmit signals to controller 132 over communication line 140 m that a loss of extrusion event has occurred. This allows controller 132 to then stop attempting to feed the modeling material to extrusion head 120, and to pause the build operation. Controller 132 may also display information to an operator of system 110 to inform the operator of this loss of extrusion event.
In an alternative embodiment, detectors 112 m and 112 s may each be located adjacent to deposition head 120. For example, detectors 112 m and 112 s may be retained by gantry 118, or alternatively, may be positioned along pathways 136 and 138 at locations adjacent to gantry 118. This embodiment allows detectors 112 m and 112 s to monitor the consumable materials as they are being fed to extrusion head 120, and is beneficial for detecting loss of extrusions events that occur within pathways 136 and 138.
For example, if a filament of the modeling material breaks within pathway 136, the filament will not travel through detector 112 m to extrusion head 120. Therefore, detector 112 m will detect that the filament is not present in pathway 136, and may transmit signals to controller 132 over communication line 140 m that a loss of extrusion event has occurred. This also allows controller 132 to then stop attempting to feed the modeling material to extrusion head 120, and to pause the build operation. Controller 132 may also display information to an operator of system 110 to inform the operator of this loss of extrusion event.
The locations of detectors 112 m and 112 s along pathways 136 and 138 contribute to the information relating to where the loss of extrusion event occurs. For example, if detector 112 m is located adjacent to supply source 124, controller 132 may identify that the loss of extrusion event occurred at supply source 124. Alternatively, if detector 112 m is located adjacent to extrusion head 120, controller 132 may only identify that the loss of extrusion occurred either at supply source 124 or somewhere along the feed route. As such, multiple detectors 112 m may be used along pathway 136 to increase the accuracy of distinguishing where loss of extrusion events may occur along pathway 136.
For example, a first detector 112 m may be located adjacent to supply source 124 and a second detector 112 m may be located adjacent to extrusion head 120. A similar arrangement may also be applied to detector 112 s and pathway 138 for monitoring loss of extrusion events along pathway 138. Moreover, these embodiments involving detectors 112 m and 112 s may also be used in combination with detector 12 (shown in FIGS. 1-4) retained in purge receptacle 122. This allows controller 132 to also distinguish a loss of extrusion event that occurs within extrusion head 120 (e.g., a clogged tip) from loss of extrusion events that occur within pathways 136 and 138.
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of detector 112 m in use with filament 174, where the following discussion of detector 112 m also applies to detector 112 s in the same manner. Detectors 112 m and 112 s may operate in a similar manner to that discussed above for detector 12. However, detectors 112 m and 112 s desirably operate continuously during a build operation to continuously monitor successive portions of the consumable materials (e.g., filament 174) as the consumable materials are fed to extrusion head 120. As shown in FIG. 6, detector 112 m includes housing 176 that desirably engages with the guide tube of pathway 136 to provide a moisture barrier. Detector 112 s may also include a similar housing (not shown) to provide a moisture barrier with pathway 138.
In this embodiment, the threshold value may also vary depending on the expected change in capacitance due to the consumable material (e.g., filament 174). For example, the threshold value may be dependent on the diameter of filament 174, the composition of filament 174, the dimensions and locations of sense plate 152, excitation plate 154, and reference plate 156, and the like.
Filament 174 may then be fed through pathway 136 to extrusion head 120, which causes filament 174 to pass between sense plate 152 and excitation plate 154. When filament 174 displaces a portion of the air between sense plate 152 and excitation plate 154, the capacitance of electrical field 168 increases. ADC 158 may then sample the capacitance values of electrical fields 168 and 170, and transmit them to processor 160. Processor 160 desirably ignores the samples attained during an initial transition time period to allow filament 174 to reach electrical field 168. This prevents false-negative readings of a loss of extrusion while filament 174 is traveling from supply source 124 to detector 112 m.
In the current example, filament 174 causes the difference between the capacitance values of electrical fields 168 and 170 to exceed the threshold value. As such, processor 160 determines that the conditions of Equation 3 are met, and, therefore, the presence of filament 174 is detected. As a result, filament 174 may continue to be fed to extrusion head 170 without alerting controller 132.
Alternatively, if filament 174 is not residing between sense plate 152 and excitation plate 154 (e.g., due to a loss of extrusion event), then the difference between the capacitive values of electrical fields 168 and 170 is less than the threshold value. In this situation, processor 160 determines that the conditions of Equation 3 are not met and may transmit a signal to controller 132 that a loss of extrusion event has occurred. This allows controller 132 to then stop attempting to feed filament 174 to extrusion head 120, and may pause the build operation. Controller 132 may also display information to an operator of system 110 to inform the operator of the loss of extrusion event.
Comparing the capacitive values of electrical fields 168 and 170 allows detector 112 m to compensate for environmental changes in pathway 136, such as changes in temperature and humidity levels. Additionally, this comparison allows consumable materials (e.g., filament 174) to be detected between sense plate 152 and excitation plate 154 regardless of the initial state of detector 112 m. For example, in some situations, filament 174 may remain within pathway 136 and detector 112 m after a build operation is complete, thereby allowing filament 174 to be readily available for use in a subsequent build operation. When the subsequent build operation is started and detector 112 m is powered up, the difference in the capacitive values of electrical fields 168 and 170 allows processor 160 to identify that filament 174 is already present. As such, the use of reference plate 156 to generate electrical field 170 as a reference allows detector 112 m to continuously monitor pathway 136 for consumable materials regardless of the initial state of detector 112 m, while also compensating for environmental changes within pathway 136.
As discussed above, detectors 112 m and 112 s may also be used to determine one or more compositional properties of the modeling and support materials, such as moisture concentrations in the materials. For example, when determining the moisture concentration of filament 174, the predicted capacitance value of electrical field 168 may be computationally determined based on the volume of filament 174 within electrical field 168 (e.g., based on its diameter), the volume of air within electrical field 168, the dimensions and locations of sense plate 152, excitation plate 154, and reference plate 156, and the expected composition of the modeling material of filament 174.
As successive segments of filament 174 pass between sense plate 152 and excitation plate 154, processor 160 may compare the sampled capacitive values from sense plate 152 to the computationally determined values. The difference in the compared values may then be attributed to the concentration of water in the modeling material. Alternatively, if the composition and moisture content of filament 174 are known, the same process may be used to measure the diameters of successive segments of filament 174 as filament 174 passes through detector 112 m.
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of detector 212 m in use with filament 274, where detector 212 is an alternative to detectors 112 m and 112 s (shown in FIGS. 5-7), where the corresponding reference labels are increased by "200" from detector 12 (shown in FIG. 1). As shown in FIG. 8, detector 212 is also a capacitive detector of the second embodiment of the present disclosure for detecting the presence of modeling and support materials fed to an extrusion head (not shown). In this embodiment, however, detector 212 only includes sense plate 252 and excitation plate 254, and a corresponding reference plate is omitted.
The omission of a reference plate reduces the capability of detector 212 to compensate for environmental changes. However, the presence of modeling and support materials may provide changes in capacitance values that are substantially greater than the variations that occur due to environmental changes.
Accordingly, in the current example, filament 174 causes the capacitance value of the electrical field generated between sense plate 252 and excitation plate 254 to exceed the threshold value. As such, processor 260 determines that the presence of filament 274 is detected. As a result, filament 274 may continue to be fed to extrusion head 270 without alerting the controller in the same manner as discussed above for detector 112 m.
Alternatively, if filament 274 is not residing between sense plate 252 and excitation plate 254 (e.g., due to a loss of extrusion event), then the capacitive value of electrical field between sense plate 252 and excitation plate 254 is less than the threshold value. In this situation, processor 260 determines may transmit a signal to the controller that a loss of extrusion event has occurred, in the same manner as discussed above for detector 112 m. Thus detector 212 provides a suitable alternative to detectors 112 m and 112 s for detecting the presence of modeling and support materials fed to an extrusion head.
FIG. 9 is a top view of detector 312 in use with filament 374, where detector 312 is an alternative to detector 12 (shown in FIGS. 1-4), detectors 112 m and 112 s (shown in FIGS. 5-7), and detector 212 (shown in FIG. 8), where the corresponding reference labels are increased by "300" from detector 12. Detector 312 is also a capacitive detector of the second embodiment of the present disclosure for detecting the presence of modeling and support materials fed to an extrusion head (not shown). In this embodiment, detector 312 includes flexible circuit 378, sense trace 380, and excitation trace 382.
Flexible circuit 378 is a thin-film circuit (e.g., a polyimide film circuit) that retains sense trace 380 and excitation trace 382, and may be connected to a circuit board corresponding to circuit board 150 (shown in FIG. 6). As shown, flexible circuit 378 has a film thickness generally extending along the y-axis. Examples of suitable average film thicknesses for flexible circuit 378 range from about 130 micrometers (about 5 mils) to about 380 micrometers (about 15 mils).
Sense trace 380 and excitation trace 382 are conductive components (e.g., copper traces) that may be used in lieu of sense plate 152 and excitation plate 154 (shown in FIGS. 6 and 7). In an alternative embodiment, detector 312 may also include an additional conductive component to function as a reference component in the same manner as reference plate 156 (shown in FIGS. 6 and 7). As shown, sense trace 380 and excitation trace 382 each has a width generally along the x-axis. Examples of suitable average widths for each of sense trace 380 and excitation trace 382 range from about 25 micrometers (about 1 mil) to about 130 micrometers (about 5 mils), with particularly suitable average widths ranging from about 50 micrometers (about 2 mils) to about 100 micrometers (about 4 mils). Examples of suitable offset distances between sense trace 380 and excitation trace 382 range from about 50 micrometers (about 2 mils) to about 250 micrometers (about 10 mils), with particularly suitable offset distances ranging from about 100 micrometers (about 4 mils) to about 200 micrometers (about 8 mils).
As shown in FIG. 9, power supplied to excitation trace 382 generates electrical field 384, which functions as a fringing electrical field that may extend beyond sense trace 380 and excitation trace 382 into filament 374 by about 130 micrometers (about 5 mils). During operation, filament 374 is desirably biased in the direction of arrow 386 toward sense trace 380 and excitation trace 382 with biasing component 388 (e.g., a clip spring). The bias desirably maintains contact between filament 374 and sense trace 380 and excitation trace 382, while also desirably minimizing undue sliding friction.
This arrangement allows detector 312 to monitor compositional properties of filament 374 as successive segments of filament 374 pass through detector 312 in a manner that is independent of the diameter of filament 374. Accordingly, if the expected composition of filament is known (e.g., the expected composition of the modeling or support material), the concentrations of water in successive segments of filament 374 may be determined based on the sampled capacitive values, as discussed above. This embodiment is beneficial for use with consumable materials (e.g., filament 374) having dimensions that may vary over the lengths of the consumable materials (e.g., diameters that vary over the lengths).
The above discussions of the capacitive detectors of the present disclosure (e.g., detectors 12, 112 m, 112 s, 212, and 312) are directed to their use in detecting loss of extrusion events in extrusion-based digital manufacturing systems (e.g., systems 10 and 110), detecting compositional properties of the consumable materials, and the like. However, the capacitive detectors of the present disclosure may also be used to detect the presence of consumable materials and/or extrudates during a variety of system functions. For example, detectors 12, 112 m, 112 s, 212, and 312 may also be used to detect the presence of a consumable material while the consumable material is loaded to systems 10 and 110, such as during automated material loading processes that may occur prior to an actual build operation.
The capacitive detectors of the present disclosure (e.g., detectors 12, 112 m, 112 s, 212, and 312) may be used with a variety of different consumable materials (e.g., modeling and support materials). As discussed above, in one embodiment, the consumable materials may be provided as filaments. In embodiments in which the filaments are cylindrical, examples of suitable average diameters for the filaments range from about 0.8 millimeters (about 0.03 inches) to about 2.5 millimeters (about 0.10 inches), with particularly suitable average diameters ranging from about 1.0 millimeter (about 0.04 inches) to about 2.3 millimeters (about 0.09 inches), and with even more particularly suitable average diameters ranging from about 1.3 millimeters (about 0.05 inches) to about 2.0 millimeters (about 0.08 inches). On embodiments in which the filaments are non-cylindrical, suitable dimensions and designs for the non-cylindrical filaments include those disclosed in Batchelder et al., U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/612,333.
The consumable materials may include a variety of extrudable modeling and support materials for respectively building 3D model 28 and support structure 30. Suitable modeling materials for use with systems 10 and 110 include polymeric and metallic materials. In some embodiments, suitable modeling materials include materials having amorphous properties, such as thermoplastic materials, amorphous metallic materials, and combinations thereof. Examples of suitable thermoplastic materials for the consumable materials include acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymers, polycarbonates, polysulfones, polyethersulfones, polyphenylsulfones, polyetherimides, amorphous polyamides, modified variations thereof (e.g., ABS-M30 copolymers), polystyrene, and blends thereof. Examples of suitable amorphous metallic materials include those disclosed in Batchelder, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2009/0263582.
Suitable support materials for use with systems 10 and 110 include polymeric materials. In some embodiments, suitable support materials include materials having amorphous properties (e.g., thermoplastic materials) and that are desirably removable from the corresponding modeling materials after 3D model 28 and support structure 30 are built. Examples of suitable support materials for the consumable materials include water-soluble support materials commercially available under the trade designations "WATERWORKS" and "SOLUBLE SUPPORTS" from Stratasys, Inc., Eden Prairie, Minn.; break-away support materials commercially available under the trade designation "BASS" from Stratasys, Inc., Eden Prairie, Minn., and those disclosed in Crump et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,503,785; Lombardi et al., U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,070,107 and 6,228,923; Priedeman et al., U.S. Pat. No. 6,790,403; and Hopkins et al., U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/508,725.
The compositions of the modeling and support materials may also include additional additives, such as plasticizers, rheology modifiers, inert fillers, colorants, stabilizers, and combinations thereof. Examples of suitable additional plasticizers for use in the support material include dialkyl phthalates, cycloalkyl phthalates, benzyl and aryl phthalates, alkoxy phthalates, alkyl/aryl phosphates, polyglycol esters, adipate esters, citrate esters, esters of glycerin, and combinations thereof. Examples of suitable inert fillers include calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, glass spheres, graphite, carbon black, carbon fiber, glass fiber, talc, wollastonite, mica, alumina, silica, kaolin, silicon carbide, composite materials (e.g., spherical and filamentary composite materials), and combinations thereof. In embodiments in which the composition includes additional additives, examples of suitable combined concentrations of the additional additives in the composition range from about 1% by weight to about 10% by weight, with particularly suitable concentrations ranging from about 1% by weight to about 5% by weight, based on the entire weight of the composition.
The present disclosure is more particularly described in the following examples that are intended as illustrations only, since numerous modifications and variations within the scope of the present disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Unless otherwise noted, all parts, percentages, and ratios reported in the following examples are on a weight basis, and all reagents used in the examples were obtained, or are available, from the chemical suppliers described below, or may be synthesized by conventional techniques.
Liquefier purge tests were performed with a capacitive detector corresponding to detector 12 (shown in FIGS. 1-4) to determine the effectiveness of the capacitive detector in detecting the presence and absence of extrudates. The capacitive detector was mounted in a purge receptacle of an extrusion-based digital manufacturing system commercially available under the trade designation "DIMENSION uPRINT" Personal 3D Printer from Stratasys, Inc., Eden Prairie, Minn. More than 10,000 liquefier purges were then performed after filaments of modeling and support materials were auto-loaded and extrusion head togglings were performed.
FIGS. 10 and 11 are graphical illustrations of two of the liquefier purge tests performed, where the results shown in FIG. 10 were obtained by purging an ABS modeling material commercially available from Stratasys, Inc., Eden Prairie, Minn., and the results shown in FIG. 11 were obtained by purging a soluble support modeling material commercially available under the trade designation "WATERWORKS" from Stratasys, Inc., Eden Prairie, Minn. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, when the extrudates each reached the detector, the capacitance values exceeded the threshold value, thereby triggering response signals (shown as the top plots in FIGS. 10 and 11).
During a portion of the tested liquefier purges, loss of extrusion events were intentionally induced to see whether the capacitive detector was capable of detecting loss of extrusion events. Throughout the more than 10,000 liquefier purges, the capacitive detector detected the presence of the extrudates 100% of the time when the extrudates were present, and detected a loss of extrusion event 100% of the time when the events were induced (i.e., when the extrudates were absent).
FIG. 12 is a photograph of the capacitive detector used in the liquefier purge tests, where the capacitive detector was retained in the purge receptacle with a tip wipe assembly (mounted at the right-most side of the purge receptacle shown in FIG. 12). As shown, the extrudates of the modeling and support materials substantially filled the region between the sense plate and the excitation plate (the right-most plates shown in FIG. 12). Even with this fill volume, the capacitive detector was capable of detecting the presence of additional extrudates 100% of the time when the additional extrudates were present. As discussed above, this is attainable with the use of the reference plate (the left-most plate shown in FIG. 12) to generate a second electrical field that functions as a baseline reference. Accordingly, the capacitive detector provided an effective means for detecting loss of extrusion events (e.g., tip clogging) in the extrusion-based digital manufacturing system.
a reference conductive component operably secured to the control board on an opposing side of the excitation conductive component from the sense conductive component to define a second gap between the excitation conductive component and the reference component, wherein the excitation conductive component is further configured to generate a second electrical field across the second gap.
2. The detector of claim 1, wherein the control board is configured to be operably mounted to a purge receptacle of the extrusion-based digital manufacturing system, and wherein the consumable material comprises an extrudate from an extrusion head of the extrusion-based digital manufacturing system.
3. The detector of claim 1, wherein the control board is configured to communicate with a controller of the extrusion-based digital manufacturing system.
4. The detector of claim 1, wherein the control board is operably mounted adjacent to a pathway of the consumable material between a supply source of the consumable material and an extrusion head of the extrusion-based digital manufacturing system.
5. The detector of claim 1, wherein the excitation conductive component is offset from the sense conductive component by an offset distance ranging from about 0.3 centimeters to about 2.5 centimeters.
6. The detector of claim 1, wherein the sense conductive component and the excitation conductive component each have a surface area ranging from about 0.2 square-centimeters to about 4.0 square-centimeters.
7. The detector of claim 1, wherein the consumable material used in the extrusion-based digital manufacturing system has a filament geometry and a composition that comprises a thermoplastic material.
a processor operably secured to the control board and configured to compare capacitive values of sampled signals operably received from the sense conductive component to predetermined capacitive values to identify at least one compositional property of the consumable material.
9. The detector of claim 8, wherein the control board is configured to communicate with a controller of the extrusion-based digital manufacturing system.
10. The detector of claim 8, wherein the control board is operably mounted adjacent to a pathway of the consumable material between a supply source of the consumable material and an extrusion head of the extrusion-based digital manufacturing system.
11. The detector of claim 8, wherein the excitation conductive component is offset from the sense conductive component by an offset distance ranging from about 50 micrometers to about 250 micrometers.
12. The detector of claim 8, wherein the at least one compositional property comprises a moisture concentration in the consumable material.
performing at least one computational analysis on the sampled capacitive values to identify the presence of the consumable material between the excitation conductive component and the sense conductive component.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the excitation conductive component, the sense conductive component, and the reference conductive component are operably mounted to a purge receptacle of the extrusion-based digital manufacturing system, and wherein the consumable material comprises an extrudate from an extrusion head of the extrusion-based digital manufacturing system.
15. The method of claim 13, wherein the excitation conductive component, the sense conductive component, and the reference conductive component are operably mounted adjacent to a pathway of the consumable material between a supply source of the consumable material and an extrusion head of the extrusion-based digital manufacturing system.
16. The method of claim 13, wherein performing the at least one computational analysis comprises determining differences between the sampled capacitive values.
17. The method of claim 13, and further comprising determining a baseline value based on differences between the sampled capacitive values, wherein the computational analysis is further based on the baseline value.
18. The method of claim 13, and further comprising communicating with a controller of the extrusion-based digital manufacturing system based at least in part on the at least one performed computational comparison.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein communicating with the controller comprises transmitting at least one signal to the controller relating to a loss of extrusion event.


text:
CANDICE MOLL
Host/Actor
Writing/Production
Host / Actor
Extra Skills
An established host and actor, Candice Moll's screen debut was as the lead of the Australian children's TV show 'The Fairies'. She toured Australia with The Fairies stage show to sell-out crowds, and the long-running television series was nominated for an Australian Record Industry Award (ARIA) several years in a row.
Since moving to the USA Candice has appeared in multiple TV series including a recurring role in the Netflix series 'Real Rob' starring Rob Schneider. On stage, she led the successful North American tour as the host of Peppa Pig Live which played in more than 100 US cities, sold out on Broadway, and was nominated for Pollstar's Best Non-Music Tour of the year.
IMDB credits
Children's Hosting


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text:
WiYSC Courses
Off-side Bar
WiYSC Store
In the Bar, conversations are lively and free-flowing.
Belly up to the Bar and join the conversation.
I Am Qualified...
by Jennifer Pfeiffer
I am not the trainer. I am not the coaches' wife. I am not a parent of the players. I am not the manager. I am not _______. . . it could go on. It was a whole season.
I am the coach. And yes, I enjoy the look on your face when you have realized I am coaching the men.
I did not become a coach to be the only female in the group or to break any ceilings. I coached because the team was in my town and I was qualified to be on staff. I wanted to be on staff with the men. I knew I could help the team. I knew I could train the goalkeepers and prepare them for the level of play expected in the NPSL.
So what is it really like being the only female coach? I had to chase around to find a bathroom, get one unlocked, or use the one under the fan side. Do you know how many locker rooms have both teams in the same area for changing? Only a couple of times the team forgot I was still waiting outside.
By the end of the season, I was the only coach at some of the games. And yes, we won. There was pressure to win as a female coach. No one wants to lose but I wanted to win so I could see that look again on your face.
It's acceptable for men to coach female teams but when is it going to be acceptable for a female to coach mens teams? I am qualified.
Changes to USWNT Roster Prior to October Friendlies
By Jené Baclawski
Prior to the roster announcement on October 6th, current USWNT Head Coach Jill Ellis hinted that there would be some big changes to the team's roster for a pair of October friendlies against Switzerland. When the list was announced, fans of the team realized that Ellis definitely wasn't kidding around. To see the full list visit: http://www.ussoccer.com/womens-national-team/latest-roster#tab-1
Since these two matches do not have any bearing on World Cup Qualifications for 2019 this is the time in the training cycle to experiment with players and see if (and where) any new personnel may contribute to team. For the games on October 19th in Sandy, Utah and October 23rd in Minneapolis her staff is bringing in eleven uncapped players which includes eight from the National Women's Soccer League and three current collegiate players. "Right now we are in a phase where we want to expand the number of players... that means several of our more experienced players won't be in camp while we get to evaluate some different personnel," said Ellis. "In order to see if these players can contribute, we need to get them into a national team training environment and in games."
After reviewing Ellis' revitalized roster, here are a few of the players I am excited about seeing play on Wednesday night as well as a few notable exceptions I'll miss from the list.
Ready to make an impact:
Jane Campbell GK – The USWNT roster is missing something in its goalkeeper core and with the current absence of Hope Solo the race for a replacement is wide open. Jane Campbell a current senior at Stanford, is the reigning Pac-12 Goalkeeper of the Year. She has logged the most minutes of any Stanford goalkeeper, is third in shutouts (32) and saves (196), and fifth in goals-against average (0.63). In high school, Campbell became the youngest goalkeeper ever to be called into a full U.S. National Team camp at the age of 17 and also competed on the U.S. National Team in the 2012 FIFA U17 World Cup.
Kealia Ohai F – Living in South Texas and supporting the Houston Dash means that I have the opportunity to witness Ohai's attacking speed and presence. She almost effortlessly has the ability to get in behind her NWSL opponents backline which often results in a 1v1s to goal. She has an impressive resume with the U.S. National Youth Team, she was on the same roster with current USWNT player Crystal Dunn. In 2012, she famously scored the game-winning goal against Germany in the Under-20 Women's World Cup final. She was injury plagued with ankle issues the first couple of seasons in NWSL but with her health returning she lit it up this year and scored 11 goals during the NWSL regular season. She missed out on Golden Boot Award to NY Flash Lynn Williams only in a tiebreaker.
Lynn Williams F – The former Pepperdine player and current Western New York Flash forward took home this year's NWSL Golden Boot as well as the league's Most Valuable Player Award. She recorded 11 regular season goals and 3 goals in post-season play including the critical header which tied the championship game 2-2 sending it into extra time and eventually PKs. It is clear that Williams has established herself as one of the NWSL's top players and is earning a well-deserved call-up to the National Team.
Abby Dahlkemper D – Dahlkemper has played all but 16 minutes in her professional career with the Western New York Flash. Over the course of two years with the Flash that is over 3,600 minutes which reflects the consistency and leadership the 2015 1st round draft pick has demonstrated at the center back position. The USWNT roster is deficient at quality outside backs and lacks depth at the center back position. The inclusion of the former U17 and U23 National team player could allow for considerations to be made for the outside back position or as perhaps additional support to Becky Sauerbrunn.
A few players I'll miss watching
Julie Johnston D – To me this is the most obvious player left of the roster because she simply needs a break. Johnson was outstanding at the 2015 World Cup and while her impact wasn't as great at the Olympics she is still one of the most consistent players in the National team pool. She'll likely to return and is just being rested to make way for new players getting a look.
Meghan Klingenberg D/M – Klingenberg was a surprise star on the 2015 world cup roster and continues to provide significant attack from flanks and typically has pretty decent pace to recover or get forward. She might be best known for her standout play in World Cup clearing ball from the line with her tiny head a la Kristie Lilly in the 1999 World Cup final. Unfortunately, Klingenberg's willingness to attack means that can get out of position and isn't able to recover well all the time. She could be in danger of retaining her role with the top team if young players show well.
Ali Krieger M/D – Krieger continues to be one of my favorite players but Ellis has struggled to find a way to fit her into her national team system. Krieger has been asked to play outside back, center mid, and wing in various moments throughout her career. I believe that she is most dangerous in a central midfield role but it might be increasingly difficult for her to earn time against Tobin Heath, Carli Lloyd, Morgan Brian and Lindsey Horan so her exception to the full roster might indicate that her time on the national team is coming to a close.
Megan Rapinoe M – Of the former World Cup and Olympic players not called into camp, Rapinoe's omission is the one that intrigues me the most. She wasn't in good form at Olympics. She was a very controversial choice for small roster considering she had not fully recovered from the knee injury. Despite not having a significant impact in Rio, she still played remarkably well during August in post -Olympic play finishing out the NWSL season with the Seattle Reign. Perhaps Ellis is giving her more time to recover but I can't help but wonder if her protests during the playing of the National Anthem could be tied into this decision. Would Ellis and US Soccer consider her too much of a "distraction" and something they just don't want to deal with right now in light of the negative media surrounding USWNT players lately. Seems to me that if she was good enough to be in Rio, she would benefit the most from attending camp to get back to full form.
Alex Morgan F – I'm sure leaving Morgan off the roster is purely for recovery purposes. Alex has really hit her stride again after her recent injuries so this is a preventative measure. With several young forwards being pulled into this camp I am certain that her omission simply allows the young kids to have a chance to perform. The next step for Ellis will include determining which of these new call-ups can complement the likes of Morgan, Press and Dunn as we get ready for World Cup Qualifying next year.
The love of the game pulled us together.
The passion for youth coaching inspired us. Together we make an impact & hope to spread our enthusiasm.
Continuing Education
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Cotyledon, seed leaf within the embryo of a seed. Flowering plants whose embryos have a single cotyledon are grouped as monocots, or monocotyledonous plants; embryos with two cotyledons are grouped as dicots, or dicotyledonous plants. The number of cotyledons in the embryos of seeds of gymnosperms is highly variable, ranging from 8 to 20 or more.


Companies could be vulnerable to a type of tunnel vision if this involves computer systems. They appear their way, plus they see just the many helpful tasks that the computer are capable of doing, and exactly how that it may keep tremendous amounts of records with no need to reserve entire rooms for archives. The things they sometimes do not realize would be that the more central the pc becomes towards the mission of the business, the greater vital it's to rehearse good computer internet security software.
The best problem that bad security practices may cause is losing critical data. When the systems become infected with a virus and knowledge sheds, the expense could be immense. A company is dependent on their own data to inform them how you can fulfill contracts, and offer the plans through which items are made, and recreating this post is costly at the best, and from time to time impossible.
Another potential trouble with poor computer internet security software practices may be the impact that it may dress in the status of the business. Even when no serious harm is performed, a burglar incident having a business can project a picture of negligence to outsiders. In companies that concentrate on selling something that requires technological expertise, that is many of them nowadays, it may give potential clients and partners the sense the employees are incompetent.
Failing of security also can allow anyone to steal customer data. When the crook is really a rival firm, this would mean that clients are attracted away by someone with fortunate info on the particulars from the contracts using the clients, permitting another companies to create slightly better offers. When the criminal is stealing customer charge card data or any other private information, there might be legal implications with liability. Within an extreme situation, there might be also difficulties with government rules regarding data like the private medical information of patients.
Although it can appear as an unnecessary expense when there is nothing failing, maintaining proper computer security is really important to the success and stability of the business. Whenever that there's a temptation to chop funding or any other assets to some security measure, management should hold a significant discussion of the items the possibility implications from the move are. While the fee for maintaining good security can often be high, the cost of the failure is frequently catastrophic.


David Seidel has watched himself grow as a leader during his four years at the University of Illinois Springfield. At the same time, the biology major's passion for a career in conservation has been growing thanks to the opportunities UIS has afforded him.
The Altamont, Illinois native has severed as president of the Biology Club and vice president of Students Allied for a Greener Earth (SAGE) at UIS for the past two years. He's also member of the Capital Scholars Honors Program.
Thanks to his UIS experience, Seidel was able to land an internship with the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency in the Water Quality Standards division.
"The internship definitely gave me a good insight into how a government agency works and functions and it also fueled my passion for conservation work," he said.
Following graduation, Seidel plans to earn a master's degree in biological sciences and become a restoration ecologist, a person who goes into degraded ecosystems and tries to restore them to their original state.
He says it wouldn't be possible without the knowledge and skills he's gained at UIS.
"I'm very thankful," he said.