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Gems of the Gods is a very popular falling blocks game by Push Gaming that's played on a 5×5 board with six Gems, and you'll win 5 Free Games if you clear reel 1, 3 or 5!
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Gems of the Gods is themed around Greek mythology so I enjoyed playing it as I'm a fan of the genre, and I like falling blocks games too. So let us go through pros and cons of this Push Gaming slot machine that looks like a slot game version of Candy Crush. Theoretical return to player (RTP) is 96.55%, which is good enough, and you can make money on Gems of the Gods if you're lucky with the consecutive wins on your 5x5 board where after the winning symbols explode no new symbols show up. Variance seems to be medium, perhaps a bit high as you need to wait for a decent win for a while. Most big wins in this game will come from the Free Games Feature, which is somewhat difficult to trigger. Main game and paytable The game is played on a 5x5 board, and wins are formed when you get three or more symbols either horizontally or vertically adjacent. No clusters are being formed, your win can either be fully horizontal or fully vertical. All winning symbols will explode, and the ones that are above will fall down, but won't be replaced by new ones, which means it's getting progressively more difficult to get multiple wins on the same spin. With each new win on the same spin the win multiplier increases, it first goes to x2, then x4, then x6 and finally x8 after four consecutive wins. There are only six symbols in the paytable, and none of them pay well for landing three-of-a-kind. In all cases you'll get less than your bet, and the maximum possible win is 0.50x your bet. It gets better with four-of-a-kind though the lower-paying symbols will still pay too little, and you can win up to 2.50x. Five-of-a-kind will award up to 25x your bet, and six-of-a-kind, only possible during the Free Games feature, will go up to 50x. This kind of paytable makes it difficult to win unless you can form many big winning combinations on the same spin. The Lightning symbol often comes to aid. Whenever it appears on the board, the Lightning Feature is triggered. It will transform all instances of one symbol into one of the other Gem symbols, which will usually result with many winning combinations. There is also a Wild symbol which can substitute for all six Gems. There are two groups of Gems, the ones with a red hue - Violet, Pink and Red - being the high-value symbols, while the ones with a green hue - Green, Light Blue and Dark Blue - being the low-value symbols. Bonus features There are three Coins sitting above reels 1, 3 and 5. These will fall down as you start clearing the symbols on the 5x5 board, and the ultimate goal is to have at least one Coin reach the bottom of the board. In that case, the Free Games feature is triggered. Any Coin that makes it all the way to the bottom of the board will transform into a Wild Coin symbol, and will stay there for the duration of the feature. Conclusion Gems of the Gods is a good falling blocks game and most fans of the genre will enjoy it, though some will resent the fact that true clusters can't be formed and that only horizontal or vertical clusters apply. However, the prospect of clearing reel 1, 3 or 5 in its entirety to win the Free Games feature is good enough to keep you interested in this game. The game pays well, and it deserves a few spins, but the average slot players who aren't used to this type of game will likely want to stay away. Fans of Candy Crush and similar games will adore this one though.
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Gems of the Gods is themed around Greek mythology so I enjoyed playing it as I'm a fan of the genre, and I like falling blocks games too. So let us go through pros and cons of this Push Gaming slot machine that looks like a slot game version of Candy Crush.
Theoretical return to player (RTP) is 96.55%, which is good enough, and you can make money on Gems of the Gods if you're lucky with the consecutive wins on your 5×5 board where after the winning symbols explode no new symbols show up. Variance seems to be medium, perhaps a bit high as you need to wait for a decent win for a while. Most big wins in this game will come from the Free Games Feature, which is somewhat difficult to trigger.
Main game and paytable
The game is played on a 5×5 board, and wins are formed when you get three or more symbols either horizontally or vertically adjacent. No clusters are being formed, your win can either be fully horizontal or fully vertical. All winning symbols will explode, and the ones that are above will fall down, but won't be replaced by new ones, which means it's getting progressively more difficult to get multiple wins on the same spin. With each new win on the same spin the win multiplier increases, it first goes to x2, then x4, then x6 and finally x8 after four consecutive wins.
There are only six symbols in the paytable, and none of them pay well for landing three-of-a-kind. In all cases you'll get less than your bet, and the maximum possible win is 0.50x your bet. It gets better with four-of-a-kind though the lower-paying symbols will still pay too little, and you can win up to 2.50x. Five-of-a-kind will award up to 25x your bet, and six-of-a-kind, only possible during the Free Games feature, will go up to 50x. This kind of paytable makes it difficult to win unless you can form many big winning combinations on the same spin.
The Lightning symbol often comes to aid. Whenever it appears on the board, the Lightning Feature is triggered. It will transform all instances of one symbol into one of the other Gem symbols, which will usually result with many winning combinations. There is also a Wild symbol which can substitute for all six Gems. There are two groups of Gems, the ones with a red hue – Violet, Pink and Red – being the high-value symbols, while the ones with a green hue – Green, Light Blue and Dark Blue – being the low-value symbols.
There are three Coins sitting above reels 1, 3 and 5. These will fall down as you start clearing the symbols on the 5×5 board, and the ultimate goal is to have at least one Coin reach the bottom of the board. In that case, the Free Games feature is triggered. Any Coin that makes it all the way to the bottom of the board will transform into a Wild Coin symbol, and will stay there for the duration of the feature.
Gems of the Gods is a good falling blocks game and most fans of the genre will enjoy it, though some will resent the fact that true clusters can't be formed and that only horizontal or vertical clusters apply. However, the prospect of clearing reel 1, 3 or 5 in its entirety to win the Free Games feature is good enough to keep you interested in this game. The game pays well, and it deserves a few spins, but the average slot players who aren't used to this type of game will likely want to stay away. Fans of Candy Crush and similar games will adore this one though.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Mallett, Rudy Ernest, 74, of Mersey Point, Queens County, passed away after a 10 year battle with cancer, on Wednesday, April 3rd, 2013, in the Queens General Hospital, Liverpool.
Born in Liverpool, he was a son of the late James and Waitie (MacLeod) Mallett.
In 1956, Rudy joined the Royal Canadian Regiment (R.C.R.) as a paratrooper. He was stationed in London, Ontario before joining the Reserve Army in Liverpool in 1960. Rudy worked at Dofasco Steel Company in Hamilton, Ontario as an overhead crane operator for ten years before moving back to Nova Scotia in 1975 and building his home. He then went to work as a fisherman, fishing crab and lobster while also doing carpentry until retirement. He enjoyed whittling with a jackknife and sandpaper making many unique items out of wood. Rudy also enjoyed country and western music playing in a number of bands at many events over the years. He was a member of the Royal Canadian Legion, Mersey Branch #38, Liverpool, for many years. He was an avid Toronto Maple Leafs fan.
He is survived by his loving wife, of over 50 years, the former Evelyn Greek; daughter Ruby (John) Bainbridge, of Hamilton Ontario; grandchildren Kaitlin, Calum; sisters Barbara LePierre, of Brockville, Ontario, Rosalie (Reginald) Clifford, of McAdam, New Brunswick; brothers Leonard (Margaret), of Canfield, Ontario, Larry (Sandy), of Welland, Ontario; sisters-in-law; Ruth Mallett, of Hamilton, Ontario, Ann Glawson, of Port Medway; brothers-in-law; Bill Soper, Al Hurley, both of Brockville, Ontario.
He was predeceased by sisters Pearl, Betty; brothers Doug, David; brother-in-law Ken LePierre.
Evelyn, so sorry to hear of your loss, my prayers and thoughts are with you and your family during this sad time.
I was very sorry to hear about Rudy…our thoughts are with you at this difficult time.
Evelyn: We were sorry to hear about Rudy. Our thoughts and our prayers are with your family.
Dear Evelyn and family, Very sorry to hear of Rudy's passing. My thoughts are with you at this sad time.
Hi, cousin, I am so sorry to hear about Rudy, my prayers and thoughts are with you and Ruby Anne and family. take care, love you.
We were sorry to hear of Rudy's passing, our sincere sympathy to all of the family.
So sorry for your loss Thinking of you at this sad time.
We were so sorry to hear of Rudy's passing. We'll always remember the good times we all used to have on the Old Garden Road and in Yarmouth at the militia reunions. Take care, and remember the good time. Those are the memories we need to cherish.
Dear Evelyn and family,So sorry to hear of Rudy's passing.My condolences. May he rest in peace.
Evelyn, so sorry to hear about Rudy,our condolences to you and family. HUGS.
Dear Aunt Evelyn and family, We are all so sad to hear of the passing of Uncle Rudy, a man that will never be forgotten. He would always put a smile on on everyones face, and a smile that he carried himself. All the fun times that we were able to share with him is the memories that we will hold dear to our hearts. May he rest in peace.
We are so sorry to hear of Rudy's passing. Being together through such a long illness, we hope that you found many sunny moments together through what must have been at times an ordeal.
Fond thoughts of you and your family as you say 'good bye' to Rudy.
Please know that we share in your sorrow and lift you up in prayer at this difficult time.
Evelyn: So sad to lose Rudy and we know that you have had a difficult time during his illness… We remember his playing and singing at many events. Gerald says he has Rudy's shirt to remember him by and that shirt has been on stage at a lot of country shows. Many will remember his talent. Our thoughts are with you.
Evelyn , Ruby Ann and family we are so sorry for your loss. I am sure you will miss him along with many people. His talent was very wide ranged with his carvings and music many will share his loss.
Evelyn and Family, So sorry to hear of Rudy's passing.I will always remember him especially when we played guitars together,and have a little sing song.You will always be remembered .Our thoughts and prayers are with the Family in this time of sorrow!!RIP Rudy!!
I am so sorry to hear about your loss, I will always remember the good times we had, when you visited in Brockville. We were blessed to have you both in our lives. Please accept our deepest sympathy, from all of us in the Soper Family.
So sorry to learn of Rudy's passing. May he rest in peace. You are in our thoughts…….
So sorry for your loss, God is with you.
we very sorry to hear about Rudy passing our .Prayers and thoughts are with you and your Family at this time.
Our prayers are with you at this time of sorrow.
I have not seen Rudy since we were children.
Your good memories will last forever.
Evelyn we are so sorry to hear of Rudy's passing. Our thoughts are with you and your family at this sad time.
May the days ahead be a little less heavy for you and your family. Rudy was loved by a wonderful, caring, wife and a supportive family. May you find strength and peace at this trying time and our thoughts are with you.
For days we will never forget and memories of plenty.
Dear Evelyn we are so sorry for your loss. He suffers no more. Our deepest sympathy to you and your family.
So sorry to hear of the passing of Rudy, condolences to you and your family.


The beach with only 6 hours of sunshine per day!
Surrounded by two huge imposing rocky cliffs, the Vithouri beach could very well be the beach of a virgin island due to its wild beauty, its turquoise waters and its amazing morphology. This small secluded beach creates the illusion of swimming in a canal. Because of the very high rocky cliffs on both sides of Vithouri, the sunshine hours are limited to only six per day during the summer. So, visitors may enjoy a refreshing swim in the shade of the rocks!


Freelance Makeup Artist, Dare By Keena — 2008 - Present Owner/Operator of Dare by Keena specializing in Fashion Editorial, Bridal, Beauty Makeup services. Maintain proper sanitize and hygiene practices with each client. Clear understanding of period makeup and current trends. Excellent time management skills in a faced paced environment. Strong interpersonal skills to ensure client is comfortable before, after, and during makeup application/consultation.
Intern/Assistant, Conceptual Beauty — 2013 - Present Assisted with beauty events. Trained with Senior artist Christin Michele on contracted appointments and business operations.
Instructor and Makeup Artist, Playing in Paint — 2014 - 2015 Makeup Artist instructor for basic principles on makeup application and design.
Makeup Artist. Dog Lover. Ice-cream Enthusiast.
Rather than writing a bio and stuffing it with things about me that I suspect no one would want to read, I decided to ask my followers, friends, and family what they would like to know about me.
If you have to choose would it be passion or skill? PASSION! What's life without it? It gives so much meaning and purpose to whatever you choose to do!
Who's your favorite musician? Die hard Janet Jackson fan for LIFE but I have a love affair with Rihanna!!!! Those women! I love them both equally and differently!
Makeup petpeeve- Ahhh, I truly believe with any art form the art itself is relative. So many different trends and styles you should have freedom to express yourself however you choose. I try to be uplifting and encouraging to all artists no matter the skill level. Sometimes people can be cruel and tear you apart and judge others for being different or inexperienced when that's ok. We all started somewhere.
If you could hop in a time machine and meet yourself in the past with one piece of advice, what would it be? The best advice to give my younger self would be just to be authentic and be who you want to be and do the things that truly make you happy.
What is your favorite beverage? Club soda with fresh lime! YUM!


As a local leak detection and repair company, we are proud to serve all residential, commercial, and industrial businesses alike. Our team is happy to offer fast and dependable leak repair services to fix broken pipes resulting in a water leak, sewage leak, as well as air or gas. We serve the entire Wasatch Front 24 hours a day.
Our team can pinpoint and repair a leak in your water main. We are here to provide safe, effective and cost-efficient solutions to fix your broken, collapsed, or cracked water main pipe.
We locate and repair all slab leaks that are around your home or business. This includes concrete and asphalt slabs that make up the foundation, sidewalks, driveways, front porch, back patio and even the road in front of your house.
We are proud to be the preferred leak detection specialists for many local and national companies. Our top of the line equipment and excellent customer service is what makes us stand out in the local community.
A gas leak is not something that should be taken lightly. We consider every gas leak to be an emergency situation and you should too. If you know or even suspect that you have a gas leak in or around your home it is vital that you act quickly and call the proper authorities.
Not all leaks happen because of a burst pipe. Groundwater leaks usually happen in the basement or lowest point of a home and are the result of water collecting around the foundation of a home. If your home or business is on a hill or slope it is even more susceptible to having water collect and leak into the structure.
As a home or business owner, you understand what goes into maintaining your home or business. We highly recommend you stay on top of your plumbing to help ensure that your pipes stay leak free. Often times leaks are not thought about until they have already begun. There are a few things that you can pay extra attention to as they are usually tale-tell signs of a water leak.
Underground water leaks can be very problematic for your home or business. Usually the sign of these leaks with show themselves outside on your property. If you see a steady stream of water running, small puddles even though it didn't rain or the sprinklers were not running there is a good chance you have a leak.


Your supporters can go to the restaurant at separate times that lies within the 2-4 hour timeframe selected. You can find the exact timeframe on the event page. Only the sales from within this timeframe will be counted towards the group fundraiser.
To learn how to adjust the time of your event check out this article for a step by step process.
How do I change the time of my event?


text:
package sh.isaac.komet.statement;

import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import javafx.beans.property.SimpleObjectProperty;
import javafx.event.ActionEvent;
import javafx.fxml.FXML;
import javafx.scene.layout.AnchorPane;
import javafx.scene.layout.BorderPane;
import sh.isaac.model.statement.ClinicalStatementImpl;
import sh.komet.gui.control.property.ViewProperties;
import sh.komet.gui.util.FxGet;

public class StatementViewController {

    private static final Logger LOG = LogManager.getLogger();

    @FXML // ResourceBundle that was given to the FXMLLoader
    private ResourceBundle resources;

    @FXML // URL location of the FXML file that was given to the FXMLLoader
    private URL location;

    @FXML
    private BorderPane borderPane;

    @FXML // fx:id="rootPane"
    private AnchorPane rootPane; // Value injected by FXMLLoader

    private ViewProperties viewProperties;

    SimpleObjectProperty<ClinicalStatementImpl> clinicalStatement = new SimpleObjectProperty<>();

    StatementPropertySheet statementPropertySheet;

    @FXML // This method is called by the FXMLLoader when initialization is complete
    void initialize() {
        assert borderPane != null : "fx:id=\"borderPane\" was not injected: check your FXML file 'StatementView.fxml'.";
        assert rootPane != null : "fx:id=\"rootPane\" was not injected: check your FXML file 'StatementView.fxml'.";
        clinicalStatement.addListener((observable, oldValue, newValue) -> {
            statementPropertySheet.setClinicalStatement(newValue);
        });
    }

    public void setViewProperties(ViewProperties viewProperties) {
        this.viewProperties = viewProperties;
        statementPropertySheet = new StatementPropertySheet(this.viewProperties);
        borderPane.setCenter(statementPropertySheet.getPropertySheet());
    }

    public ClinicalStatementImpl getClinicalStatement() {
        return clinicalStatement.get();
    }

    public SimpleObjectProperty<ClinicalStatementImpl> clinicalStatementProperty() {
        return clinicalStatement;
    }

    public void setClinicalStatement(ClinicalStatementImpl clinicalStatement) {
        this.clinicalStatement.set(clinicalStatement);
    }
   public void handleRefreshUserCss(ActionEvent event) {
        // "Feature" to make css editing/testing easy in the dev environment.
        rootPane.getScene()
                .getStylesheets()
                .remove(FxGet.fxConfiguration().getUserCSSURL().toString());
        rootPane.getScene()
                .getStylesheets()
                .add(FxGet.fxConfiguration().getUserCSSURL().toString());
        LOG.debug("Updated css for statement: " + FxGet.fxConfiguration().getUserCSSURL().toString());
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Are there such things as non-trivial entire semigroups? I'll state the theorem I am posing up front, and then explain why I think this theorem appears to be true. I am asking if anyone can prove it, or knows references to where it is proved. Please, forgive me if it is trivial, or if a counter example is trivial too.

If $\phi(s,z) : \mathbb{C}_{\Re(s)>0} \times \mathbb{C} \to
\mathbb{C}$ is holomorphic in both variables, and
  $$\phi(s_0,\phi(s_1,z)) = \phi(s_0 + s_1,z)$$ then necessarily $\frac{\partial^2}{\partial z^2} \phi(s,z) = 0$, so that $$\phi(s,z) =
e^{qs}(z-z_0) + z_0$$ for $q,z_0 \in \mathbb{C}$
  or $$\phi(s,z) = z+cs$$ for $c \in \mathbb{C}$

I ask this question because
A) I've never encountered a counter example in an extensive study of semigroups.
B) I can prove on a whole bunch of occasions if $\phi(a,z) = f(z)$; for $\Re(a) > 0$, for specific $f$; implies $\phi(s,z)$ cannot exist.
Examples include $f = \sin,\cos,\exp,\exp(p(z)), p(\exp(z))$ where $p$ is an arbitrary polynomial. If $f$ has a super attracting fixed point, no such $\phi$ exists. If $f^{\circ n}$ has fixed points $f$ doesn't have, then no such $\phi$ exists. In all these cases, no such solution exists for the orbits of $f$ either. I'm wondering if this is a universal trait. That, in some sense, the theorem above can be a kind of Liouville theorem.
Let's say that $\phi$ satisfies $f$, if $\phi(a,z) = f(z)$ for some $\Re(a) > 0$. To highlight the similarity to Liouville's theorem, the original theorem can be restated as

If $f:\mathbb{C} \to \mathbb{C}$ and some semigroup $\phi$ satisfies
  $f$, then $f= mz+b$ for some $m,b \in \mathbb{C}$.

Supposing the pair $f(\cdot)$ and $\phi(s,\cdot)$ don't have to map $\mathbb{C}$ to itself, that $\mathbb{C}$ is weakened to the unit disk $\mathbb{D}$, and $f(0) = 0$ with $|f'(0)| \neq 0,1$, then there always exists a $\phi$ satisfying $f$. It seems though, as soon as we lift from $\mathbb{D}$ (or any simply connected domain biholomorphic to $\mathbb{D}$) to $\mathbb{C}$ it fails.
I can show the result in a restricted form, which I also think is interesting

If $p:\mathbb{C} \to \mathbb{C}$ is a polynomial, and there exists
  a semigroup $\phi$ satisfying $p$ then $p(z) = mz+b$ for some $m,b \in \mathbb{C}$

My main avenue of approach for deriving a contradiction has been to consider the Weierstrass product. It follows that if $\phi(s_0,z_n) = z_n$ then $\phi(s,z_n) = z_n$, so $\phi$ has a countable list of fixed points invariant on our choice of $s$, allowing us to say
$$\phi(s,z) = z + e^{g(s,z)}\prod_{n=0}^{\infty}(1-\frac{z}{z_n})e^{-p_n(z/z_n)}$$
where $p_n(z) = \sum_{j=1}^n \frac{z^j}{j}$. I've been fiddling around with this as it seems like a smart idea. Since $\lim_{s\to 0}\phi(s,z) = z$, and we have a semigroup property, it seems reasonable to think we can show that for all $\epsilon >0$ there exists a $\delta > 0$ such that $|\phi(\delta,z)-z| < C_\delta e^{|z|^{\epsilon}}$ then by Hadamard
$$\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{1}{|z_n|} < \infty$$
which greatly reduces the candidates for $f$ that can be satisfied by some $\phi$—$f$'s fixed points have to be sufficiently spaced out, so to speak.
Overall, I'm lost on the general case, and seem to be only able to prove it in specific circumstances. I think it says something rather profound about multiplication and addition, that, for another reason, they are incredibly special. Help, comments, suggestions, edits, anything is welcome, thanks.

A: Set $f_t(z)=\phi(t,z)$.
Notice that entire functions $z\mapsto f_t(z)$ all commute with each other.
I. N. Baker proved that if $f$ is a non-affine entire function with a repelling fixed point
then the set of entire functions with commute with it is countable.
MR0147650
Baker, Irvine Noel
Permutable entire functions.
Math. Z. 79 1962 243–249.
On the other hand, in a later paper he proved that for every non-affine entire function some iterate has a repelling fixed point.
MR0226009
Baker, I. N.
Repulsive fixpoints of entire functions.
Math. Z. 104 1968 252–256.
Combination of these two theorems settles your question. Indeed, start
with $f_1$. Then $f_n$ with some positive integer $n$ has a repelling fixed point. Then the set of entire functions which commute with $f_n$ is at most
countable, contradiction.
Once we know that all $f_t$  are affine with respect to $z$, the rest is easy:
commutative sub-semigroups of the affine group are just what you listed.
EDIT. Second theorem of Baker was based on the Ahlfors Islands Theorem, which was considered "heavy machinery" at that time. Since then both Baker's proof and the Ahlfors Islands theorem were very much simplified. For an elementary proof of the Baker theorem see, for example,
MR1782673 Berteloot, François; Duval, Julien Une démonstration directe de la densité des cycles répulsifs dans l'ensemble de Julia. Complex analysis and geometry (Paris, 1997), 221–222, Progr. Math., 188, Birkhäuser, Basel, 2000.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Please join us on Friday, November 9 for the Henry T. Rowell lecture. Dr. Jessica Paga (William & Mary) will speak about "The Old Bouleuterion and Causal Efficacy in Athenian Architecture." The lecture will be held on the Johns Hopkins University Homewood Campus in Gilman Hall room 50 at 5 pm, with a light reception beginning at 4:30 pm.


A US intelligence agency report released on Friday revealed that the National Security Agency (NSA) collected 534 million records of phone calls and text messages made by Americans last year, more than triple the amount gathered in 2016. The revelations come five years after the leaking of documents by whistleblower Edward Snowden, who first revealed the US government's mass electronic surveillance operations.
The sharp increase from 151 million recorded interactions from 2016 points to deep-seated anxiety amongst the American ruling class over historic and ever widening economic inequality, political instability, and growing social unrest. As the capitalist state slides deeper and deeper into crisis, it increasingly must resort to police state measures to maintain its rule. The growth in surveillance occurs within the context of the re-emergence of working class resistance to declining living standards.
In addition to spying on US citizens, the agency monitored record numbers of foreign individuals living outside the United States. The NSA targeted these individuals through a warrantless internet surveillance program, known as Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, renewed by Congress earlier this year. The number of targets increased from 106,469 in 2016 to its current level of 129,080. This number has risen from 89,139 since 2013, a 45 percent spike.
The NSA's illegal surveillance operations expanded rapidly after the still unexplained events of September 11, 2001 which were used to launch illegal wars against Afghanistan and Iraq. The agency first became the subject of controversy over illegal wiretapping in 2005 and again in 2013 when Snowden's revelations concerning mass electronic surveillance sparked major public outcry.
The latest figures prove the fraudulent character of Obama's so-called "reform" of the NSA in 2015, which was presented to the public as a measure to curtail the agency's bulk telephone records spying program. The legal modifications by the Obama administration, drafted by and for the military-intelligence apparatus, actually served to expand the illegal and unconstitutional operations of the NSA.
The fact that the expansion of NSA spying was the direct result of policies pursued and implemented by Obama once again demonstrates just how close the Democratic Party has merged with the military-intelligence apparatus.
A three-part World Socialist Web Site investigative report published earlier this year, titled "The CIA Democrats," revealed the extraordinary number of former intelligence and military operatives from the CIA, Pentagon, National Security Council and State Department seeking nomination as Democratic candidates for Congress in the 2018 midterm elections. Regarding the right of the American government to unconstitutionally spy on the entire world's population there is broad bipartisan agreement between the Democrats and Republicans, both parties of big business.
At the same time Cyber Command has been elevated to an independent "unified command," putting it on par with the nine other US warfighting commands. The command also boasts a brand new $500 million Integrated Cyber Center at its headquarters at Fort Meade in Maryland. This development constitutes "an acknowledgement that this new war fighting domain has come of age," in the words of Deputy Defense Secretary Patrick Shanahan.
The Trump administration, using the tools crafted and honed under Obama, now seeks to further weaponize government spying in the current drive to war. The appointment of Nakasone and the elevation of Cyber Command, however, also highlights the bitter struggle that has erupted within the American state between rival factions within the ruling class. In particular, the US intelligence agencies have cited the bogus claims of Russian "meddling" in the 2016 US presidential elections as the reasoning behind the recent decision to back Nakasone. The Trump administration has shown itself to be no less bellicose, accusing Russia of employing hackers to gain remote access to energy sector networks earlier this year.
The continued development of NSA surveillance and the US military's preparations for cyberwarfare again demonstrate the true purpose of the "War on Terror" as the pretext for the development of police state measures at home and an open confrontation against the rivals of US imperialism abroad. As well as gathering intelligence on Russia and China, the NSA also spies on its supposed allies. The increase in spying operations on foreign nationals points to the growth of inter-imperialist disputes, in particular with Germany. According to a heat map of NSA surveillance operations leaked by Snowden in 2013, Germany is by far the most spied on country in Europe.


text:
— японский государственный деятель, генерал-губернатор Тайваня (1932—1936), губернатор префектур Токио (1929), Хоккайдо (1925—1927), Кумамото (1924—1925) и Кагава (1923—1924), член Палаты пэров Японии (1936—1944).

Биография
Родился в деревне  в префектуре Ниигата (ныне район города Садо) как второй сын Дэндзюро Ямамото, но был усыновлён Сэйдзабуро Накагавой из  (ныне район города Садо) и стал преемником семьи Накагава. В 1902 году окончил юридический факультет Токийского императорского университета. В том же году назначен в секретариат агентства префектуры Хоккайдо. Позже работал советником в законодательном бюро, в секретариате бюро по колонизации, советником в Министерстве связи, начальником отдела связи Хоккайдо.

В 1919 году вошёл в совет директоров Южно-Маньчжурской железной дороги. 25 октября 1923 года назначен губернатором префектуры Кагава. 24 июня 1924 года стал губернатором префектуры Кумамото. 16 сентября 1925 года назначен губернатором префектуры Хоккайдо. 5 июля 1929 года стал губернатором префектуры Токио.

В 1930 году занял пост заместителя министра культуры Японии в правительстве Осати Хамагути. 27 мая 1932 года был назначен генерал-губернатором Тайваня. В 1935 году Накагава организовал Тайваньскую выставку. 2 сентября 1936 года назначен в Палату пэров Японии. В 1939 году стал президентом .

Примечания

Литература

Родившиеся 16 июля
Родившиеся в 1875 году
Родившиеся на острове Садо
Умершие 26 июня
Умершие в 1944 году
Персоналии по алфавиту
Выпускники юридического факультета Токийского университета
Губернаторы префектур Японии
Генерал-губернаторы Тайваня
Члены Палаты пэров Японии

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


places too while on overnight accommodation.
Most pupils will be obtaining a new restricted funds, to ensure that they may most be searching pertaining to inexpensive as well as low-listed getaways.
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Auvela for men cream South Africa: Men may look rough and tough, but they are attractive to beauty.
Many people around the world. are struggling to find solutions to problems and have the same problems.
but you can see the visible changes in the skin in the mirror.


text:
namespace oslmp {

class OpenSLMediaPlayerContext;

class OpenSLMediaPlayerEqualizer : public virtual android::RefBase {
public:
    enum { MAX_NUM_BANDS = 32 };

    struct Settings {
        uint16_t curPreset;
        uint16_t numBands;
        int16_t bandLevels[MAX_NUM_BANDS];
    };

    OpenSLMediaPlayerEqualizer(const android::sp<OpenSLMediaPlayerContext> &context) OSLMP_API_ABI;
    virtual ~OpenSLMediaPlayerEqualizer() OSLMP_API_ABI;

    int setEnabled(bool enabled) noexcept OSLMP_API_ABI;
    int getEnabled(bool *enabled) noexcept OSLMP_API_ABI;
    int getId(int *id) noexcept OSLMP_API_ABI;
    int hasControl(bool *hasControl) noexcept OSLMP_API_ABI;
    int getBand(uint32_t frequency, uint16_t *band) noexcept OSLMP_API_ABI;
    int getBandFreqRange(uint16_t band, uint32_t *range) noexcept OSLMP_API_ABI;
    int getBandLevel(uint16_t band, int16_t *level) noexcept OSLMP_API_ABI;
    int getBandLevelRange(int16_t *range) noexcept OSLMP_API_ABI;
    int getCenterFreq(uint16_t band, uint32_t *center_freq) noexcept OSLMP_API_ABI;
    int getCurrentPreset(uint16_t *preset) noexcept OSLMP_API_ABI;
    int getNumberOfBands(uint16_t *num_bands) noexcept OSLMP_API_ABI;
    int getNumberOfPresets(uint16_t *num_presets) noexcept OSLMP_API_ABI;
    int getPresetName(uint16_t preset, const char **name) noexcept OSLMP_API_ABI;
    int getProperties(Settings *settings) noexcept OSLMP_API_ABI;
    int setBandLevel(uint16_t band, int16_t level) noexcept OSLMP_API_ABI;
    int usePreset(uint16_t preset) noexcept OSLMP_API_ABI;
    int setProperties(const Settings *settings) noexcept OSLMP_API_ABI;

private:
    class Impl;
    Impl *impl_; // NOTE: do not use unique_ptr to avoid cxxporthelper dependencies
};

} // namespace oslmp

#endif // OPENSLMEDIAPLAYEREQUALIZER_HPP_


Nathan Fillion is on the hunt for a new Beckett.
With production on the Castle alum's new ABC dramedy The Rookie slated to commence in early March, casting for the series' other key roles has officially begun. Among the seven series regulars: A love interest for Fillion's titular cop John Nolan.
TVLine has learned that the character, tentatively named Lucy Benitez, is a Latina rookie in her mid-20s who is intelligent, confident, tough and compassionate. She hails from a family of law-breakers, and is the first member of her brood to choose an honest, respectable path. During Season 1, a budding romance develops between her and Fillion's character.
Curiously, Lucy will not be John's actual partner in crime-fighting. That distinction belongs to Talia Bishop, an African-American cop in her 30s whose primary goal each day is to make it home to her six-year-old son.
The Rookie — which nabbed a straight-to-series order from the network back in October — reunites Fillion with onetime Castle showrunner/EP Alexi Hawley and finds the TV fave playing John Nolan, the oldest rookie in the LAPD. Surrounded by rookies twenty years his junior, Nolan must navigate the dangerous, humorous and unpredictable world of a "young" cop, determined to make his second shot at life count.


Michela Larson left Rialto to her former partner (for more, see this story) and came to Boston's South End to open Rocca, where she brings her passion for the food of Liguria, that stretch of rippling coastline referred to as the Italian Riviera and teeming with fabulous seafood, great olive oil, and the finest sweet basil in the world (the basis of the region's signature pesto dishes).
The large dining room, formerly a warehouse, is now fitted with retro-industrial brick-and-cork walls and banquettes positioned around slate-topped tables. After frequent intensive eating excursions to Liguria, Larson has really nailed the flavors of the region, from pastas like trofie with a verdant pesto, to fat panzotti ravioli stuffed with ricotta and lavished with walnut sauce, to chestnut-flour corzetti, little rounds of pasta with braised rabbit and red wine. Sea bass is cooked so the skin is crisp and the white flesh beneath it suffused with herbs. For dessert, try the walnut-and-fig torte with a glass of semidry Tuscan dessert wine, Vin Santo.
While in the neighborhood, visit the art galleries of the South End. 500 Harrison Avenue; 617-451-5151; roccaboston.com.


The legacy of Blessed Stanley Rother is strong in Oklahoma, and is becoming stronger throughout the world with his beatification. As another way to support the ongoing effort of the Church to promote his cause, please making a gift to the Blessed Stanley Rother Shrine.
Blessed Stanley Rother, pray for us!


text:
Irina Borissowna Schramko (; * 22. Januar 1961 in Charkow) ist eine sowjetisch-ukrainische Frühhistorikerin, Archäologin und Hochschullehrerin.

Leben
Schramkos Vater war der Historiker Boris Schramko, der die Wallanlage von Bilsk als die Hauptstadt der Skythen Gelonos identifizierte. Schon als Schülerin nahm sie an archäologischen Expeditionen in den Oblasts Charkow und Poltawa teil. Sie studierte an der Staatlichen Universität Donezk in der Fakultät für Geschichtswissenschaft mit Abschluss 1984.

Ab 1984 arbeitete Schramko als Geschichtslehrerin an der Charkower Schule Nr. 89. Ab 1987 leitete sie den Archäologischen Arbeitskreis des Jugendpalasts der Oblast Charkow (bis 2008).

Ab 1987 leitete Schramko die archäologische Expedition in der Wallanlage von Bilsk, wo sie die westlichen Befestigungsanlagen untersuchte. 1995 verteidigte sie mit Erfolg ihre Dissertation über das Schmiedehandwerk bei den Stämmen in dem Worskla- und Psel-Einzugsgebiet während der Skythenzeit für die Promotion zur Kandidatin der Geschichtswissenschaften. Seit 2000 führte sie Ausgrabungen in Siedlungen der Bronzezeit, der Skythenzeit und des frühen und späten Mittelalters in und um Charkow durch.

Schramko ist seit 1995 Mitglied der Historisch-Archäologischen Gesellschaft der Oblast Charkow und seit 2005 Mitglied der Geschäftsführung. 2004–2011 leitete sie den Archäologischen Dienst Sloboschanske des Archäologischen Sicherungsdienstes der Ukraine des Instituts für Archäologie der Nationalen Akademie der Wissenschaften der Ukraine.

2005 wurde Schramko Dozentin am Lehrstuhl für Historiographie, Quellenkunde und Archäologie der Fakultät für Geschichtswissenschaft der Nationalen W.-N.-Karasin-Universität Charkiw. Sie hält Spezialvorlesungen über die Archäologie der frühen Eisenzeit Europas, die Probleme der archäologischen Chronologie u. a.  2005–2011 war sie Mitglied des Feldforschungskomitees des Instituts für Archäologie der Nationalen Akademie der Wissenschaften der Ukraine. Sie leitet das Archäologische Praktikum auf der Wallanlage von Bilsk. Seit 2012 ist sie Direktorin des Archäologie-Museums der Nationalen W.-N.-Karasin-Universität Charkiw.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Prähistoriker
Hochschullehrer (Nationale W.-N.-Karasin-Universität Charkiw)
Sowjetbürger
Ukrainer
Geboren 1961
Frau


text:
When the game is on the line, will your kid step up to the challenge and take the winning shot? Or will he crumble to the pressure?
And what separates the elite athletes from the marginally good ones? Genes? Talent? Training? Elite sports coaching? When two athletes of equal ability compete, who gets the edge?
These questions have been debated by players, coaches, trainers, and analysts since time immemorial. And for young athletes and their parents, a conclusive answer to these questions is undoubtedly attractive.
Across different sports, individual or team, the real difference makers the true elite, possess one essential characteristic: grit.
What is grit?
According to Dr. Angela Duckworth, considered by many as a leading researcher in the field, grit is "self-discipline, combined with a passionate commitment to a task and a burning desire to see it through."
Dr. Duckworth added that grit plays an integral role in various aspects of life, including sports. Contrary to what some people may believe, grit almost always trumps genetics, talent, conditioning, and social status. In short, possessing grit can tip the outcome of a competition in a competitor's favor — or, from a broader perspective, towards his success later in life.
Grit has four main components: goal orientation, the drive to achieve, resiliency, and optimism.
GOAL ORIENTATION: the ability to remain focused on a long-term goal.
DRIVE TO ACHIEVE: setting high expectations on one's self as well as the drive to attain those.
RESILIENCY: the ability to surpass obstacles faced inside and outside the competition arena.
OPTIMISM: lifting the spirits of the people around them to achieve the desired goal by.
While nature plays an integral role in developing grit, it can also be nurtured or developed. Like the skills a young athlete learns inside a sports training facility, grit can also be learned, honed, and mastered.
Grit in sports
What exactly is the role of grit in sports and the performance of athletes?
In sports, grit is all about what happens behind the scenes in preparation for the crucial moments. It's not just about developing talent until it becomes second nature. More than that, it is about having the patience and determination to rise to the challenge of the daily grind and the competition itself.
Developing grit in athletes
Both parents and coaches play a crucial role in developing grit or mental toughness in young athletes. What exactly can you do as a parent?
Keep the child invested
Younger kids often want to try new things. But once your child finds a particular sport interesting, as a parent, your job is to keep him invested in that activity. You should encourage him to put in time and effort with the expectation that his investment will be rewarded in the future.
Become a role model
Simply put, your child will take cues from what you say and what you do. As such, it is your duty to become a positive role model inside and outside the field of play.
Help him set goals
Without clear goals, practice will just be about going through the motions. As a parent, you can help your kid establish clear goals that both of you can work toward. This will make it easier for him to have a sense of progress and achievement.
Teach him how to face setbacks
Quite simply, your young athlete will suffer setbacks in sports, including injuries and losses. In order to elevate his game, he must learn to develop a positive mindset that enables him to leap over these hurdles. At an early age, young athletes should learn that losses do not mean the end of their sporting career. Instead, these losses can be used to fuel their drive to train harder and elevate their skills to the next level.
Cultivate respect for the process
Finally, young athletes should embrace the idea that small wins, even in practice, can accumulate to become bigger things if they learn to respect the process. Instead of focusing solely on an end goal, your child should develop patience and the understanding that nothing, including athletic success, happens overnight.
A Final Word on Grit
How can your child put all of these elements together during training?
Remember, grit is not just about going all in. In fact, it is the little things that accumulate over time, the losses and the wins combined, that develop true grit on the playing field.
In practice, that means putting in an incremental increase in effort. That can translate to running an extra lap during practice, fighting through the urge to quit a tough session or using free time to develop footwork or reaction skills.
Soon, that dedication, drive, and spirit will pay high dividends in the future.


text:
Công ty Đất Việt cung cấp dịch vụ bảo vệ chuyên nghiệp tại Việt Nam
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Home / Uncategorized / Structures with decrease absolute values of FC are the energy) constructions.
Structures with decrease absolute values of FC are the energy) constructions.
Lewis constructions share the total variety of valence electrons between atoms so that every atom achieves a noble gas configuration. Donna Maus teaches Biology at St. Mary's-Colgan High School within the Diocese of Wichita, Kansas. She has over 30 years of educating expertise, having taught at the middle school, highschool, and college levels. She is keen about sharing the revelation of God by way of His creation with her students and incorporating our Catholic faith into class topics such as biotechnology, medication, and evolution.
Formal Science mocks will assist you to in creating an efficient examine strategy. The factual sciences think about as "truth" that which approves the contrast of the evaluation, the results, and verifies or refutes the preliminary speculation. We clarify what the formal and factual sciences are and the way they are categorized. If, for example, your hypothesis dealt with the modifications in solubility at different temperatures, then attempt to determine what you can rationally say concerning the process of solubility extra typically. Plot the impartial variable on the horizontal axis and the dependent variable on the vertical axis.
Every actual life object is mapped to a formal object to explain nature. For instance a real world situation could possibly be say finding the perimeter of a triangle connecting three cities, say Mumbai, Chennai and Hyderabad. One solves this by mapping it to a formal traingle which does not exist in the real world. But the moment the correspondence between actual and formal objects breaks down, in the case could additionally be due to tectonic plate rearrangements, then you definitely'll need a new means of modelling. NIFA supports research, academic, and extension efforts in a broad range of scientific fields associated to agricultural and behavioral sciences. This could be done by establishing a Process Quality Management Center.
BRUTUS is presented, a device for verifying properties of security protocols and could be considered as a special-purpose model checker for safety protocols. The research was accredited by the Research Ethics Board on the Maria Grzegorzewska University. The Research Ethics Board expressed no ethical objections to the submitted research plan. The work described has been carried out in accordance with The Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association for experiments involving people.
Use much less absolutely conclusive language, together with such phrases as "suggest," "indicate," www.paraphrasingserviceuk.com "correspond," "possibly," "challenge," and so on. Many editors of professional scientific journals favor that writers distinguish the lines in their graphs by attaching a logo to them, often a geometric shape (triangle, sq., and so on.), and using that image all through the curve of the road. Generally, readers have a tough time distinguishing dotted traces from dot-dash lines from straight strains, so you need to think about staying away from this system. Editors don't usually like different-colored traces within a graph as a result of colors are difficult and costly to breed; colors could, nevertheless, be great on your purposes, so long as you're not planning to submit your paper to Nature. Use your discretion-try to make use of whichever method dramatizes the outcomes most successfully.
The core/theoretical facet of Computer Science is actually simply maths. Look at complexity theory and turing machines for examples of stuff is just maths, yet came from the world of Computer Science. We when teach a topic, instructing via each perspectives is essential. When we do a laboratory session, it is very important that college students carry out experiments for the sake of exploration and never conformation- the theories within the textbook might be wrong.
Theoretical computer science additionally benefits from the self-discipline ofmathematical logic, which included thetheory of computation. Theoretical pc science also benefits from the discipline of mathematical logic, which incorporates the speculation of computation. The notion that formal science can additionally be science is also attributed to the shut relation between formal science and disciplines such as physics or chemistry. Nowadays, arithmetic and statistics are closely utilized in natural and social science and are deemed important and essential by a lot of the scholars in these areas. Without sufficient data in mathematics, it's impossible to make sense of the topic issues. This close relation explains the notion and why formal science is often taught underneath the college of science in universities.
In this fashion, algorithms, like Google's, are primarily based on the formal precepts talked about, making use of them to actual issues. Later Kepler gave the laws of planetary movement by which he explained that the planets had been revolving around the sun in an elliptical path and the sun was at one of its foci. Chemistry- It is the examine of the construction and conduct of various substances and what happens to them when they're combined.
For proof of this, most of the core bedrock theorems and ideas in CS which might be nonetheless relevant right now were first conceptualized within the 1950s-70s by folks that wrote programs using only pads of paper and their minds. In this subproblem the evaluation discovered that two social life forms, giant for-profit firms and other people, have conflicting targets. The high leverage level is correctness of goals for synthetic life types.
Glaciologist – study of glaciers, or extra typically ice and natural phenomena that involve ice. Biochemist – research of chemical processes in residing organisms, including, but not restricted to, residing matter. Zoologist – department of biology that pertains to the animal kingdom, including the structure, embryology, evolution, classification, habits, and distribution of all animals, both residing and extinct. Pharmacologist – branch of medicine and biology involved with the research of drug motion. Marine biologist – scientific examine of organisms within the ocean or other marine or brackish our bodies of water.
Geometry is likely considered one of the oldest mathematical sciences.Topology – major area of arithmetic concerned with properties which are preserved under steady deformations of objects, similar to deformations that involve stretching, but no tearing or gluing. Ergodic concept – branch of mathematics that studies dynamical systems with an invariant measure and related issues. In reality, it is very common in economics to make use of this type of reasoning. For instance, the Austrian college makes use of praxeology for its research on this social science. Perhaps arithmetic can be considered the formal science par excellence.
The content and validity of formal sciences are impartial of any empirical procedures. It is debatable whether formal science is, besides pure science and social science, the third branch of science and some of the disciplines of formal science like mathematics and statistics are often even referred as pure science. For occasion, Carl Friedrich Gauss referred https://daniels.du.edu/business-information-analytics/masters/ to arithmetic as "the Queen of the Sciences". Imperial College London and Tokyo University, their department of mathematics/statistics run underneath the school of natural science/science. However, formal science tries to develop models that are helpful to model real life techniques and empirical sciences utilize formal objects- they have a tendency to work collectively. In Empirical sciences, one tries to make use of proper models to elucidate observations round us.
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Baltimore -- The Syracuse University lacrosse team lost by four goals at No. 1 Virginia three weeks ago but never seemed out of the game. It lost by four goals Saturday at No. 2 Johns Hopkins and never seemed to be in it.
before a crowd of 5,970 at Homewood Field. Those closest to the action refused to offer an amen.
But it wasn't. The tone was set when the Blue Jays won the opening faceoff and scored on their first shot, a blistering right-hander by junior midfielder John Greeley (LaFayette). Greeley had time to set and fire unimpeded because his defender, short-stick middie Steve Ianzito, slipped and fell.
The Orange (3-2) knotted the score briefly on the first of three goals from sophomore attackman Derek Maltz, but Hopkins responded with a three-goal outburst to lead 4-1 lead after one quarter. SU never got closer than two goals the rest of the way.
Perhaps it would have been a game had Tommy Palasek's dunk attempt from the doorstep not been rejected by Hopkins goalie Pierce Bassett as the first half ended. As it was, the Blue Jays went into the locker room with a 7-4 lead.
And perhaps it would have been a game had SU faceoff wing Peter MacCartney picked up a groundball he got to first on the opening faceoff of the third quarter. But he didn't and the Jays suddenly were off the other way in transition where Brandon Benn scored the second of his career-high four goals only 9 seconds into the period.
The two plays underscored Syracuse's uphill battle the entire game. Whether it was Palasek getting stuffed twice from in close or Maltz getting rejected by a marvelous kick save by Bassett, every potential chance SU had to make it a game was missed.
And thanks to the team's continued woes at the faceoff X those chances were few and far between. With Fayetteville-Manlius alum Mike Poppleton (12-for-18) doing most of the damage the Blue Jays won 13 of 20 faceoffs, leaving SU mired in a 33-for-69 slump (33.3 percent) in its last three games.
The failure left Desko saying the only thing he could – "we're going to keep plugging away at it" – while offering an ominous observation to fans who love SU's up-tempo style.
The disparity at the X was matched by the dominance of Hopkins' first midfield line vs. the anemic play of its counterpart. The potent package of Greeley (2-1), John Ranagan (2-1) and Rob Guida (1-2) had struggled earlier this season. Saturday, it erupted for nine points (5 goals, 4 assists).
SU's first midfield line, meanwhile, produced a lone goal from Bobby Eilers and two assists from JoJo Marasco, who has not scored a goal now in three games.
The disparity there and at the X, augmented by several nice third-quarter saves from Bassett, made it an Hopkins affair from start to finish.
Even if there was no amen afterward.


text:
Online since Monday, May 30, 2016
Dental stem cells: Hope or hype? p. 113
Ashwin Dalal
DOI:10.4103/0970-9290.183118 PMID:27237197
Burden of oral diseases p. 115
ORIGINAL RESEARCH-EVALUATIVE STUDY
Quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials in ten academic Indian dental journals p. 116
Sudhakar Vundavalli, Guntipalli M Naidu, A.S.K. Bhargav, BH Praveen, B Pavani, Suresh Babburi
Background: Biased results from poorly reported trials can mislead decision-making in health care at all levels, from treatment decisions for the individual patient to formulation of national public health policies. Objective: To evaluate the quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in ten Indian dental journals over the period 2011–2012. Materials and Methods: This study included all RCTs published as full-text articles reported in ten Indian dental journals over the period from 2011 to 2012. The relevant trials were identified by searching Medline. Hand searching of the journals was also carried out by three of the authors to check if any potential trial was missing. Each article was assessed against the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials criteria tool, as described by Schulz et al. (2010). Results: The mean number of criteria present per article was 12.2 (standard deviation [SD] =2.2) and only 5 of 106 articles got total possible score. Most of the articles (69%) did not mention about justification for sample size calculation, 89% of the articles did not mention about allocation concealment, 86% of the articles did not mention about funding and 63% of the articles did not mention about limitations of the study. Conclusion: The quality of reporting of Randomized clinical trials in ten Indian academic journals was poor.
Clinical effects of photodynamic and low-level laser therapies as an adjunct to scaling and root planing of chronic periodontitis: A split-mouth randomized controlled clinical trial p. 121
Suryakanth Malgikar, S Harinath Reddy, S Vidya Sagar, D Satyanarayana, G Vikram Reddy, J Juliet Josephin
Background: There are limited clinical experiments addressing the effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) as an adjunct to conventional scaling and root planing (SRP) alone. Aim: The aim of this clinical trial was to evaluate the clinical effects of adjunctive use of PDT, combination of PDT with LLLT as adjunct to conventional SRP alone in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: In a single-centered randomized and controlled clinical trial, 24 patients (15 males and 9 females) with untreated chronic periodontitis were randomly assigned in a split-mouth design into three treatment groups which included Group I: SRP only, Group II: SRP and PDT (1% methylene blue [MB] solution), and Group III: SRP, PDT, and LLLT. Clinical parameters such as plaque index, gingival index, modified sulcular bleeding index, probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured at baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months after therapy. Results: Within each group, significant improvements (P < 0.001) were found for all variables in 6-month follow-up compared with baseline. The improvement in clinical parameters was significantly greater in Group III compared to Group I and Group II. The mean PD (mm) reduction from baseline to 6 months in Group I was 2.50 ± 0.54, Group II was 2.57 ± 0.53, and Group III was 3.14 ± 0.50. The mean CAL (mm) gain from baseline to 6 months in Group I was 2.63 ± 0.47, Group II was 2.55 ± 0.44, and Group III was 3.07 ± 0.55. Conclusion: In patients with chronic periodontitis, a combination of a single application of PDT (using a 980 nm laser and MB) and LLLT provide additional benefit to SRP in terms of clinical parameters 6 months following the intervention.
Association of edentulousness and removable prosthesis rehabilitation with severity of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders p. 127
Preeti Agarwal Katyayan, Manish Khan Katyayan, Ghanshyam C Patel
Context: There are very few studies concerning the role of denture status in temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and those show conflicting results. Aim: To evaluate the association of edentulousness and removable prosthesis rehabilitation with severity of TMD signs and symptoms. Settings and Design: Data were collected from 2000 subjects reporting for dental treatment, above 30 years of age. Subjects and Methods: The subjects were interviewed with a questionnaire and clinically examined for TMD on basis of Helkimo's index. The number of existing teeth, wearing of removable dentures, need for denture repair, and age of dentures was recorded. Statistical Analysis: The association between the TMD findings and recorded variable outcomes was analyzed by means of Chi-square test. Results: Completely edentulous individuals associated more with TMD related findings in incidence and intensity than partially/fully dentate subjects. Complete denture wearers were more associated with TMD symptoms, limited mandibular mobility, muscle tenderness, and pain on mandibular movement. Partial denture wearers were more associated with severely impaired temporomandibular joint function and joint pain. Signs and symptoms of TMD were more prevalent and severe in patients who needed to get their dentures repaired, those wearing dentures more than 5-year-old, and in patients who had not got their dentures repaired during the past 5 years. Conclusions: Edentulousness, complete/partial denture wearing and poor condition of the dentures associate with greater incidence and intensity of TMD associated signs and symptoms.
Oral health knowledge and practices of dentists practicing in a teaching hospital in Nigeria p. 137
Akinlolu Tolulope Jegede, Titus Ayodeji Oyedele, Babasola Olufemi Sodipo, Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
Aim: To assess the oral health practices and knowledge of practicing dentists at a tertiary health institution in Nigeria, and the possible association of age and sex with caries prevention practices. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted. All practicing dentists in the institution were eligible to participate in the study. A questionnaire that assessed oral health practices and knowledge was administered. Respondents were expected to select the most appropriate responses that reflected their knowledge of oral health practices and caries prevention practices. Questions included assessment of knowledge and practice of tooth brushing, flossing, refined carbohydrate intake, and dental service utilization. Participants' responses were scored and dichotomized to poor and good knowledge, and poor and good practices, using the median scores. Bivariate analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with good and poor oral health practices, and good and poor knowledge. Results: Fifty-two eligible study participants were accessible at the time of questionnaire administration. Only 46 respondents returned the filled questionnaire giving a response rate of 88.5%. The age of respondents ranged between 25 and 48 years. The majority of respondents had good oral health practices (65.2%) and good oral health knowledge (85%). However, few respondents had good caries prevention practices: 39.2% brushed at least twice daily, 45.7% took refined carbohydrate less than once daily, 36.9% used dental floss at least once daily, and 60.9% undertook preventive dental care. The correlation between the dentists' oral health knowledge score and oral health practices score was insignificant (0.90; P = 0.55). Conclusion: A large number of dentists practicing in the tertiary hospital had good oral health practices and good oral health knowledge. However, the proportion of dentists with good caries prevention practices was low.
Effect of electron-beam irradiation on antimicrobial, antibiofilm activity, and cytotoxicity of mouth rinses p. 145
A Geethashri, B Mohana Kumar, KJ Palaksha, KR Sridhar, Ganesh Sanjeev, A Veena Shetty
Background: Oral health diseases are common in all regions of the world. Mouth rinses are widely used generally by population as a port of daily oral care regimen. In addition to antimicrobial activity, mouth rinses possess certain cytotoxic effects. Electron-beam (E-beam) radiation is a form of ionizing energy known to induce structural, physical, and chemical changes in irradiated products. In this study, the modulatory effects of E-beam in irradiated mouth rinses were evaluated for its biological activities. Materials and Methods: The antimicrobial activities of nonirradiated and irradiated mouth rinses were evaluated for its antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities against oral pathogens, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disc diffusion method and antibiofilm activity was evaluated by O'Toole method. The cytotoxicity was evaluated against human gingival fibroblast (HGF) cells by 3-(4, 5 Dimethythiazol-yl)-2,5-Diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay. Results: Colgate Plax (CP) exhibited the antimicrobial activity against the tested pathogens, and a significant (P< 0.05) increase was observed against S. aureus at 750 Gy irradiation. Further, CP significantly (P< 0.05) suppressed S. mutans, S. aureus, and C. albicans biofilm. Listerine (LS) inhibited S. mutans and C. albicans biofilm. Whereas irradiated CP and LS significantly (P< 0.05) suppressed the biofilm formed by oral pathogens. The suppression of biofilm by irradiated mouth rinses was dose- and species-dependent. There was no significant (P > 0.05) difference in the cytotoxicity of irradiated and nonirradiated mouth rinses on HGF cells. However, an increased percentage viability of HGF cells was observed by mouth rinses irradiated at 750 Gy.xs Conclusion: The E-beam irradiation enhanced the antibiofilm activity of mouth rinses without modifying the cytotoxicity.
Prevalence of dental fluorosis among primary school children in association with different water fluoride levels in Mysore district, Karnataka p. 151
Shibu Thomas Sebastian, Rino Roopak Soman, S Sunitha
Background: Fluoride intake at optimal level decreases the incidence of dental caries. However, excessive intake, especially during developmental stages can cause adverse effects such as dental and skeletal fluorosis. Aim: To assess the prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis in primary school children born and raised in three villages of Mysore District. The three selected villages have different water fluoride concentrations. Materials and Methods: Three villages namely, Nerale (water fluoride 2.0 ppm), Belavadi (1.2 ppm) and Naganahally (0.4 ppm) were selected for the study. Then, a total of 405 children, 10–12-year-old (204 [50.4%] males and 201 [49.60%] females) were selected from three schools of the villages. Dean's fluorosis index recommended by World Health Organization was used to evaluate fluorosis among the study population. Results: The overall prevalence of dental fluorosis was found to be 41.73%. An increase in the community fluorosis index (CFI) was higher among those living in high water fluoride area. Conclusion: A significantly positive correlation was found between CFI and water fluoride concentration in drinking water.
Evaluation of plasma reactive oxygen metabolites levels in obese subjects with periodontal disease p. 155
Snophia Suresh, Jaideep Mahendra, Uma Sudhakar, AR Pradeep, Gurdeep Singh
Background: Obesity represents the systemic condition capable of influencing the onset and progression of periodontal disease. Obesity is associated with oxidative stress. Plasma level of reactive oxidative metabolites (ROMs) is measured as an indicator of oxidative stress in the body. The aim of this study is to assess and compare the plasma ROM levels in obese subjects with healthy and inflammatory periodontal status. Materials and Methods: Sixty subjects selected were grouped as 15 obese or overweight subjects with generalized chronic periodontitis, 15 obese or overweight subjects with generalized chronic gingivitis, 15 obese or overweight subjects with healthy periodontium, and 15 nonobese and healthy periodontium. The clinical periodontal parameters such as plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment level were measured. Blood samples were obtained to measure the plasma levels of ROM. Result and Conclusion: In this study, obese subjects with chronic periodontitis (Group I) had mean plasma ROM levels (442.3 ± 15.65 Carratelli unit [CARR U]) showing 100% subjects with high oxidative stress. Obese subjects with chronic gingivitis (Group II) had mean plasma ROM levels (358.7 ± 20.61 CARR U) indicating 86.7% subjects with oxidative stress. Obese subjects with healthy periodontium (Group III) had 46.7% subjects with slight oxidative stress, and the mean ROM level was 320.2 ± 17.57. Nonobese subjects with healthy periodontium (Group IV) had 80% of subjects with normal oxidative stress and the mean plasma ROM level was 296.9 ± 20.35 CARR U. The intra- and inter-group comparison showed significant difference (P < 0.001). From our study, we report that obese subjects with periodontitis have more oxidative stress compared to obese subjects with healthy periodontium.
Aerosol, a health hazard during ultrasonic scaling: A clinico-microbiological study p. 160
Akanksha Singh, RG Shiva Manjunath, Deepak Singla, Hirak S Bhattacharya, Arijit Sarkar, Neeraj Chandra
Context: Ultrasonic scaling is a routinely used treatment to remove plaque and calculus from tooth surfaces. These scalers use water as a coolant which is splattered during the vibration of the tip. The splatter when mixed with saliva and plaque of the patients causes the aerosol highly infectious and acts as a major risk factor for transmission of the disease. In spite of necessary protection, sometimes, the operator might get infected because of the infectious nature of the splatter. Aim: To evaluate the aerosol contamination produced during ultrasonic scaling by the help of microbiological analysis. Materials and Methods: This clinico-microbiological study consisted of twenty patients. Two agar plates were used for each patient; the first was kept at the center of the operatory room 20 min before the treatment while the second agar plate was kept 40 cm away from the patient's chest during the treatment. Both the agar plates were sent for microbiological analysis. Statistical Analysis: The statistical analysis was done with the help of STATA 11.0 (StataCorp. 2013. Stata Statistical Software, Release 13. College Station, TX: StataCorp LP, 4905 Lakeway Drive College Station, Texas, USA). Statistical software was used for data analysis and the P < 0.001 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: The results for bacterial count were highly significant when compared before and during the treatment. The Gram staining showed the presence of Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species in high numbers. Conclusions: The aerosols and splatters produced during dental procedures have the potential to spread infection to dental personnel. Therefore, proper precautions should be taken to minimize the risk of infection to the operator.
Effect of increasing the vertical intrusive force to obtain torque control in lingual orthodontics: A three-dimensional finite element method study p. 163
Robin N Mathew, Aneesh Katyal, Ashutosh Shetty, US Krishna Nayak
Context: Biomechanical differences between lingual and labial orthodontics (LiO and LaO). Aims: To investigate the effects of intrusive forces in lingual technique during retraction treatment mechanics. Settings and Design: Intrusive forces act differently in both techniques because of the different location of force vectors in relation to the center of resistance. Increasing the vertical intrusive force is one of the methods routinely used to prevent the uncontrolled tipping and obtain bodily tooth movement in LaO. However, its effects in lingual technique need to be investigated to derive at an optimal treatment mechanics. Subjects and Methods: Finite element method which has been successfully used to simulate tooth movement and optimize orthodontic mechanics effectively was used in this study. An accurate model of the upper central and lateral incisors with the surrounding structures was developed, and the "ANSYS" version 7.0 software was used for analysis. Results: Intrusive forces as high as 3.6N was required to obtain translation in LiO that too in an undesirable direction. Efforts to obtain torque control by increasing the intrusive force only would not be successful. Conclusion: Forces that produce a translation in LaO tends to produce uncontrolled tipping in lingual technique. To obtain adequate torque control in lingual technique, a combination of the reduction in horizontal retraction forces, increased lingual root torque application, and increase in vertical intrusive forces is desirable.
Curing efficiency of three light emitting diode units at different curing profiles p. 168
Priyanka Verma
Context: High-intensity light emitting diode lamps with reduced exposure time to bond orthodontic attachments have been introduced to save the valuable clinical time. Aims: To evaluate the shear bond strength of brackets cured using three different light emitting diode curing units having different intensities and curing times, to compare the effect of different exposure methods on bond strength, and to compare the amount of remnant adhesive on tooth after debonding. Settings and Design: Study conducted on 120 brackets bonded to extracted premolar teeth cured by using three light-emitting diode (LED) units. Methods: One hundred and twenty adhesive precoated metal brackets (Gemini series, 3M Unitek) were cured using three LED curing units (3M ESPE, ELIPAR, S10; Ortholux™ LED; Ortholux™ Luminous Curing Light). Universal testing machine was used to record shear bond strength. Residual adhesive remaining on the teeth was assessed by the modified adhesive remnant index. Statistical Analysis: After calculating mean and standard deviation for each group, post hoc Tukey and Kruskal–Wallis tests were employed to find the significant difference. Results: Comparison showed highest shear bond strength for Group 1A followed by 3A and lowest for Group 3B. Statistically significant difference was noticed in comparing shear bond strength recorded in Group 1A, Group 2A, and Group 3A with Group 1B, Group 2B, and Group 3B. Conclusions: Reduction of exposure time to 6 s with high-intensity curing light seemed to be clinically acceptable and should be recommended. Curing of metal brackets with single exposure from buccal side showed lower shear bond strength values.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH-COMPARATIVE STUDY
Comparison of three diagnostic techniques for detecting occlusal dental caries in primary molars: An in vivo study p. 174
Farhin Katge, Mayur Wakpanjar, Bhavesh Rusawat, Ashveeta Shetty
Aim: To compare the accuracy and repeatability of three diagnostic systems; visual inspection, bitewing radiography, and CarieScan PRO for occlusal caries diagnosis in primary molars. Materials and Methods: 216 occlusal surfaces of primary molars examined in turn by two examiners using each of three diagnostic systems (visual inspection, bitewing radiography, and CarieScan PRO). Examiners indicated operative intervention (validation method) for 104 teeth which were used for statistical analysis. The validation method was cavity preparation when the two examiners agreed about the presence of dentinal caries. Sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratio, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for each diagnostic technique. Inter- and intra-examiner repeatability was calculated for each diagnostic system using the Cohen's kappa statistics. Results: Visual inspection showed the highest sensitivity (0.93). The highest sensitivity and NPVs were provided by CarieScan PRO (0.97 and 0.95, respectively) however this was offset by a lower specificity (0.82) compared to other techniques. The CarieScan PRO gave the highest values of Cohen's kappa statistics. Conclusion: This study showed low sensitivity but substantial specificity with visual inspection. Bitewing radiography performed poorly overall when compared with the other two systems. The CarieScan PRO technique gave the highest overall combination of sensitivity and specificity for detection of occlusal caries.
Evaluation of serum uric acid levels in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma p. 178
Syeda Arshiya Ara, Sajna Ashraf, Bhagyashree M Patil
Background: Worldwide, oral carcinoma is one of the most prevalent cancers and is one of the most common causes of death. Toxicity by oxygen radicals has been suggested as an important cause of cancer. Several researchers have reported an association of plasma/serum uric acid with different cancers. Aim: The aim was to determine the serum uric acid level in patients with newly diagnosed oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and then to compare and correlate it with those of normal subjects and also to determine the role of uric acid in the etiology of OSCC. Materials and Methods: The study group included 41 OSCC patients and 40 age- and sex- matched healthy subjects as a control group. Estimation of serum urate concentration was determined enzymatically with a commercially available reagent. The data were statistically evaluated with Student's t-test and Chi-square test using SPSS 11.5 software. Results: The mean serum uric acid levels were very low with the study group as compared to control group and were very highly significant (t = 4.14, P < 0.001). It was also found that risk of OSCC was more in a study group with low serum uric acid levels with tobacco intake. Conclusion: This study showed that serum uric acid was lower in oral cancer patients compared with healthy volunteers and low serum uric acid was associated with increased risk of oral cancer development.
Extracellular matrix in oral squamous cell carcinoma: Friend or foe? p. 184
Sangeeta R Patankar, Divyesh P Wankhedkar, Nidhi S Tripathi, Sanya N Bhatia, Gokul Sridharan
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) primarily spreads through direct invasion and/or lymphatic route. During the invasion, tumor cells break through the basement membrane, penetrate the connective tissue to interact with the extracellular matrix (ECM). An attempt was made to evaluate the connective tissue changes in different grades of OSCCs and their influence in predicting the biological behavior of these tumors. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 histologically proven cases comprising 5 normal mucosa, 10 well-differentiated OSCC's, 10 moderately differentiated OSCC's, and 5 poorly differentiated OSCC's were examined for the presence of any ECM changes by using special stains. Interpretation of staining intensity was carried out and statistically analyzed. Results: Van Gieson stain showed abundant thick collagen fibers, dispersed collagen fibers, thin few dispersed collagen fibers in well-, moderately- and poorly-differentiated OSCC's, respectively. Verhoeff's Van-Gieson showed negative staining for elastic fibers around tumor islands in different grades of OSCCs. PAS stain showed moderate staining for glycoprotein in well-differentiated OSCC and negative in moderately and poorly differentiated cases. Picrosirius red stain showed Type 1 collagen fibers in well and moderately differentiated OSCC cases and Type 3 collagen fibers in poorly differentiated cases. Conclusion: The observations of this study revealed altered staining reactions of the collagenous stroma and glycoproteins suggesting that tumor cells may release certain enzymes that play a role in the manipulation of ECM to enhance their own survival.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH-IN VITRO STUDY
Evaluation of effect of recasting of nickel-chromium alloy on its castability using different investment materials: An in vitro study p. 190
Abhinav Sharma, Shobha J Rodrigues, Thilak B Shetty, Vidya K Shenoy, Mahesh Mundathaje, Sharon Saldanha
Context: Castability has been found to be affected by many aspects of the entire casting system. Very few references in dental literature are available regarding recasting of the base metal alloys. Aims: To evaluate and compare the castability of fresh and reused nickel-chromium alloy and to evaluate the effect of two brands of investment materials on castability of nickel-chromium alloy. Subjects and Methods: For the experimental purpose of evaluation of the effect of recasting of nickel-chromium alloy on its castability, different percentages of new and casted alloy (Nickel-chromium alloy-(Wirolloy NB, Type 4 (Ni-67%; Cr-25%; Mo-5%; Si-1.5%; Mn, Nb, B, C each <1%) and two commercial brands of investment materials namely, Deguvest Impact (Degudent; Dentsply Germany) and Bellavest SH (Degudent; Dentsply Germany) was used to obtain 30 samples. Castability value was obtained using Whitlock's formula. Student t-test and one way ANOVA using SPSS 20.0 software was done. Results: The results of this study confirm earlier works that demonstrate that there is no significant difference in castability values of new and recast alloys. In addition, it also demonstrated, there was no difference in castability using Deguvest Impact and Bellavest SH investment materials. Conclusions: Within the limitations of the study, it was concluded that there was no significant difference found in castability of different percentage combinations of new and once casted alloy using two investment materials. The addition of new alloy during recasting to maintain the castability of nickel-chromium alloy may therefore not be required.
Color stability of a resin composite: Effect of the immersion method and surface treatments p. 195
LL Miotti, GF Nicoloso, LB Durand, AH Susin, RO Rocha
Background: In vitro staining methods expose the entire specimen to staining solutions. In a real clinical situation, this is not observed, since one should consider that the bonded surface is not exposed to the oral environment. Theoretically, the clinical condition would be the best simulated if the specimens were exposed to staining solutions by partial immersion. Aims: To evaluate if different immersion methods and surface treatments influence the color stability of resin-based specimens. Methodology: A stainless steel matrix was used to prepare 30 disc-shaped specimens that were randomly allocated in three groups: Without polishing, polishing with abrasive discs, and surface sealant. Half of the specimens were isolated to maintain only the upper surface exposed to staining (partial immersion) and the other half was totally immersed in coffee solution for 48 h (total immersion). The coordinates ΔE*, ΔL*, Δa*, Δb* were assessed by spectrophotometer. Statistical Analysis: Two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests (α =0.05). Results: Specimens submitted to partial immersion showed lower values of ΔE*, ΔL*, Δa*, Δb*, in comparison to total immersion (P = 0.000). Specimens covered by a surface sealant presented lower ΔE* values regardless of the immersion method. Conclusions: Specimens totally immersed in staining solutions could in somehow overestimate the color change, once that in most clinical conditions not all of the restoration surfaces are exposed to the oral environment. Moreover, as the surface sealant application produces color change values that are clinically acceptable, it might be used in esthetic restorations as an adjunct treatment.
Antimicrobial efficacy of three medicinal plants Glycyrrhiza glabra, Ficus religiosa, and Plantago major on inhibiting primary plaque colonizers and periodontal pathogens: An in vitro study p. 200
Hunny Sharma, GY Yunus, Ashok Kumar Mohapatra, Reena Kulshrestha, Rohit Agrawal, Monika Kalra
Introduction: From ancient times, plants with medicinal values are being tested and used in treatment of various infectious disease. Aims and Objectives: The presentin vitro study was designed to assess the antimicrobial activity of three commonly available medicinal plants Glycyrrhiza glabra, Ficus religiosa, and Plantago major on inhibiting Primary plaque colonizers and periodontal pathogens. Materials and Methods: Bark of G. glabra, Stem of F. religiosa, and husk of P. major were collected, crushed into fine powder, and dissolved in 67% ethanol. Extracts were then subjected to test antimicrobial efficacy against primary plaque colonizers and periodontal pathogens using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Mean zone of inhibition (ZOI) was measured by HI antibiotic zone scale. One-way ANOVA using Tukey's post hoc and t-test were applied for statistical analysis. Results: G. glabra was found to have potential antibacterial activity against primary plaque colonizers and periodontal pathogens with highest mean ZOI measuring 9.2 ± 1.09 mm and 10.6 ± 0.54 mm at 24 h, respectively. F. religiosa showed antibacterial activity against primary plaque colonizers only at 48 h with mean ZOI of 2.6 ± 0.54 mm. P. major showed no antibacterial activity against any of the microorganism in this study. Tukey's post hoc test showed statistically nonsignificant difference between G. glabra and standard antibiotic (vancomycin 10 mcg) for periodontal pathogens. Conclusion:G. glabra and F. religiosa showed antibacterial activity against primary plaque colonizers and periodontal pathogens. However, further studies should be undertaken to affirm the same and test their efficacy in different concentration and clinical utility.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH-RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Total reconstruction of mandible by transport distraction after complete resection for benign and malignant tumors p. 205
Background: Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a recognized technique for the bone lengthening and correction of various mandibular deformities. It has an aided advantage of both osteogenesis and histiogenesis in achieving a bone supported mandibular ridge covered with attached gingiva, forming an appropriate vestibule. Aim: The aim of this study was to present our clinical experience in using transport DO technique (TDO) for treating mandibular bony defects following tumor ablation in both benign and malignant tumor cases. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent mandibular TDO for the correction of mandibular segmental defect at authors' center from 2000 to 2014 with the inclusion criteria of segmental bony defect in the mandible with moderate soft tissue defect. After the latency period of 10 days, the distraction was initiated at a rate of 0.25–1 mm/day. The distraction period continued until the segment with the transport disc reached the distal base. The total consolidation periods ranged from 6 to 14 weeks. Results: The study group consists of 9 cases of TDO for reconstruction of segmental defect following tumor resection, of which 5 cases of benign and 4 cases of malignant tumor resection. The mean (standard deviation [SD]) bony defect length was 48 mm (9.8). The mean (SD) distracted bone lengthening was 43 mm (9.7), with a mean (SD) consolidation period of 17.9 (3.4) weeks. The bony defect involved the hemimandibular angle in four patients, hemimandibular body in three patients, with greater involvement of the body, symphysis in two patients, and of the bilateral mandibular body in two patients. Except for two patients who required additional bone grafting to complete union with the residual bone, other seven patients in the distraction zone showed the complete ossification by radiological evaluation. The mean (SD) consolidation period of 13.56 (1.5) weeks ranging from 12-15 weeks with the mean (SD) follow-up years is about 8.7 years (2.95) for the cases. Out of the 9 cases, one case had recurrence in the follow-up period and underwent resection with reconstruction using reconstruction plate in the created bone. The overall success rate of TDO was 88.9% (8 out of 9) in spite of adequate case selection and TDO protocol. Conclusions: TDO potentially benefits patients with segmental bony defects following tumor ablation in mandible. It is an unswerving tool to achieve sufficient bone in mandible in patients who cannot undergo aggressive surgery or poor general health. Bone resorption remains a critical issue for this reconstruction technique, though blood supply is continuously maintained in TDO.
Orthodontic treatment reduces the impact on children and adolescents' oral health-related quality of life p. 213
Eluza Piassi, Leonardo Santos Antunes, Lívia Azeredo Alves Antunes
Context: Malocclusion is a chronic disability that is usually remedied by orthodontic treatment which can provide the patient with a satisfactory state of oral health. Aim: To assess the current evidence in the literature concerning the impact of malocclusion treatment on the oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children and adolescents. Settings and Design: Systematic review. Materials and Methods: Four databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Virtual Health Library) were searched using specified indexing terms, including a manual search for of the references listed in the studies. The articles that met the inclusion criteria were classified regarding methodological quality and risk of bias in categories of high, moderate, or low. Results: The electronic search produced 426 titles and abstracts, and the manual search of their references detected another 1 article. After excluding duplicate abstracts and applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 3 studies were eligible for quality assessment. Among these, 1 was classified as high methodological quality/low risk of bias and 2 as moderate methodological quality/moderate risk of bias. These 3 articles were included in the final qualitative synthesis. Conclusions: Malocclusions treatment reduces the impact on children and adolescents' OHRQoL based on evidence assessed in the literature. The level of evidence was moderate to high to detect changes in the impact after orthodontic treatment.
Central granular cell odontogenic tumor: Report of an unusual case p. 220
Mani Madan, Shaleen Chandra, Vineet Raj, Rohit Madan
Central granular cell odontogenic tumor (CGCOT) is an unusual benign odontogenic neoplasm characterized by the presence of granular cells associated with apparently inactive odontogenic epithelium. These tumors tend to occur in the posterior mandible and usually present as well-defined unilocular or multilocular radiolucent lesions. So far, only <40 cases of CGCOT have been described in the literature under various terminologies. Though these tumors were not considered as distinct entity in the recent WHO classification of odontogenic tumors, long-term follow-up is recommended as malignant counterpart of CGCOT has already been reported. The main aim of this article is to report an additional case of CGCOT to the literature, occurring in a 73-year-old male.
A rare nonsyndromic presentation of bilateral doughnut shaped lip pits in an Indian child p. 223
Senthil Balasubramani, Sudhakar Sankaran, Abhishek Madhavan, Selvakumar Jayaraman
Lip pits are a rare congenital anomaly that presents on the upper or lower lip or the commissure of the lips. Lip pits are an autosomal dominant trait occurring almost always in association with cleft lip or palate. They most commonly occur in association with developmental disturbances such as Van der Woude's syndrome, popliteal pterygium syndrome, oro-facial-digital syndrome, Marres-Cremers syndrome, and Hirschsprung disease. Its occurrence in nonsyndromic individuals is extremely rare with only a handful of cases reported. The identification of lip pits with other associated anomalies is crucial for genetic counseling; we report a case of nonsyndromic presentation of bilateral lip pits.


On Sunday Burnside 291st Company of the Girls' Brigade held their annual Enrolment Service. We were joined by many family and friends, and the service was led by members of the GB.
Below are some of the people who stayed for Supper after our Harvest Thanksgiving Service.
The Choir led worship at both of our Harvest Thanksgiving Services.
On Sunday 11th October we celebrated the Harvest and gave thanks to God for His provision. Below are some of the decorations from the church. A huge thank you to everyone involved.


At the core of the United Way lies values of trust, open communication, and commitment – something we hope to communicate through this blog mini-series. Living United is not just a catchphrase. It is a calling. A calling answered by selfless individuals who have chosen a path of service marked by humility, perseverance, and an unwavering commitment to building up their neighbors and community. That is Living United.
For part five we check in with….
I Live United for…my wife Kristie and our two girls Aleigh (age 9) and Harper (age 5), our family cat Tessa, and our family dog Noodles.
Hobbies: When you are not working with the United Way, what else occupies your time?
I love the beach, if it is not the beach, it's not vacation. Our family loves to visit the Florida panhandle and the Ft. Myers/ Sanibel area. Beyond that, I busy myself with DIY and home improvement projects around the house, woodworking, and yard work.
Another big pastime for me is being active – I am not really a sedentary person.
Outside of the United Way what is your day job?
For a career, I proudly serve as the assistant principal of Circleville Middle School and just concluded my fourth year in the district.
What motivated you to join and serve your community locally with the United Way?
I have a passion to connect and give back to my community and county. I love people and love to make as much of a connection as possible. I am excited to help the United Way support the residents of Pickaway County to affect the lives of young people!
What does the United Way of Pickaway County mean to you?
The United Way of Pickaway County (UWPC) represents relationships to me. Any time you can give back by building up and strengthening your neighbors, your coworkers, and your community through service you are putting them in the best position to succeed. That is what this organization means to me.
Where/how can Pickaway County residents contact you?


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Workshop Rail Museum Tickets
All aboard! The Workshops Rail Museum is a $20 million wholly interactive authentic heritage & cultural experience located at the birthplace of rail in QLD.
North St, North Ipswich, QLD 4305
General admission into the Museum
Train simulators
Huge model railway
Indoor adventure playground Nippers Railway
Tours of the Heritage Railways Workshops
Great for kids!
Explore The Workshops Rail Museum, an interactive and authentic heritage and cultural experience located at the home of Australia's oldest working railway workshop. An exciting adventure for kids and rail enthusiasts of all ages, the museum brings history to life with a range of hands-on exhibits, multi-media encounters and stories related to the steam locomotives and machinery. The museum is home to over 15 exhibits just waiting to be discovered explaining the role rail has played in our world.
Located a short drive from Brisbane in Ipswich, The Workshops Rail Museum, part of the Queensland Museum Network, is winner of Australian and Queensland Tourism Awards for Heritage & Cultural Tourism. The museum is open daily from 9:30am to 4pm and guests must wear closed in footwear to embark on the Heritage Railway Workshops Tour - a must-see for an exciting behind-the-scenes look at the operating workshop.
General Admission into the Museum, which has more than 15 interactive exhibitions
Beautifully restored heritage locomotives and carriages
Fun-filled school holiday event
Enclosed footwear is required for a Heritage Railway Workshops Tour
Open from 9.30am to 4pm 7 days a week. Closed Christmas Day, Boxing Day, ANZAC Day and Good Friday
North Street, North Ipswich, QLD. The Museum is just 40 minutes by car from the centre of Brisbane
Upon completion of purchase, please print the voucher and present on day of entry