text:
To: Public Health and Welfare
By: Representative Ellington
AN ACT TO CREATE A NEW CODE SECTION TO BE CODIFIED AS SECTION 41-26-2, MISSISSIPPI CODE OF 1972, TO SPECIFY THE PURPOSE OF THIS CHAPTER AND EXPRESS THE FINDINGS AND INTENT OF THE LEGISLATURE; TO CREATE A NEW CODE SECTION TO BE CODIFIED AS SECTION 41-26-6, MISSISSIPPI CODE OF 1972, TO REQUIRE THAT RULES OF THE BOARD BE NO MORE STRINGENT THAN FEDERAL RULES, IF A MATTER IS ADDRESSED IN FEDERAL RULES; TO CREATE A NEW CODE SECTION TO BE CODIFIED AS SECTION 41-26-8, MISSISSIPPI CODE OF 1972, TO REQUIRE APPROVAL BY THE DIRECTOR OF PLANS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR CHANGES TO COMMUNITY PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS AND NONTRANSIENT, NONCOMMUNITY PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS; TO REQUIRE THE SUBMISSION AND APPROVAL OF OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PLANS; TO REQUIRE APPLICANTS FOR A NEW COMMUNITY PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM AND NONTRANSIENT, NONCOMMUNITY PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM TO SUBMIT FINANCIAL AND MANAGERIAL INFORMATION TO THE PUBLIC UTILITIES STAFF; TO REQUIRE THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF THE PUBLIC UTILITIES STAFF TO CERTIFY THE FINANCIAL AND MANAGERIAL VIABILITY OF A SYSTEM PRIOR TO RECEIVING APPROVAL FROM THE DIRECTOR; TO PROHIBIT THE DIRECTOR FROM APPROVING PLANS FOR CHANGES TO EXISTING SYSTEMS UNDER CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES; TO CREATE A NEW CODE SECTION TO BE CODIFIED AS SECTION 41-26-23, MISSISSIPPI CODE OF 1972, TO AUTHORIZE THE STATE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH TO ASSESS AND COLLECT FEES FOR DRINKING WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS AND TO LIMIT THE AMOUNT OF THOSE FEES; TO CREATE A NEW CODE SECTION TO BE CODIFIED AS SECTION 41-26-25, MISSISSIPPI CODE OF 1972, TO CREATE THE PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM ASSISTANCE FUND, THE PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE ACCOUNT AND THE PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM BOND OPERATIONS ACCOUNT AND TO PROVIDE FOR THEIR USE; TO CREATE A NEW CODE SECTION TO BE CODIFIED AS SECTION 41-26-31, MISSISSIPPI CODE OF 1972, TO ESTABLISH CIVIL PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS; TO AUTHORIZE THE DIRECTOR TO INSTITUTE LEGAL PROCEEDINGS FOR RELIEF; TO PRESCRIBE FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED IN PENALTY CALCULATIONS; TO AUTHORIZE CERTAIN ACTIONS BY THE DIRECTOR IN LIEU OF OR IN ADDITION TO THE CIVIL PENALTY; TO PROVIDE FOR THE DISPOSITION OF PENALTY PROCEEDS; TO AMEND SECTION 41-26-3, MISSISSIPPI CODE OF 1972, TO CLARIFY THE DEFINITION OF AND TO DEFINE CERTAIN TERMS; TO AMEND SECTION 41-26-5, MISSISSIPPI CODE OF 1972, TO PROVIDE FOR THE POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE BOARD CONCERNING SAFE DRINKING WATER AND TO REQUIRE THE BOARD TO ESTABLISH A TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM; TO AMEND SECTION 41-26-7, MISSISSIPPI CODE OF 1972, TO PROVIDE FOR THE POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE DIRECTOR CONCERNING SAFE DRINKING WATER; TO AMEND SECTION 41-26-15, MISSISSIPPI CODE OF 1972, TO PROVIDE FOR UNLAWFUL ACTS; TO AMEND SECTION 41-26-17, MISSISSIPPI CODE OF 1972, TO PROVIDE FOR THE FILING OF COMPLAINTS REGARDING VIOLATIONS; TO REQUIRE THE DIRECTOR TO NOTIFY THE ALLEGED VIOLATOR AND REQUIRE THE VIOLATOR TO APPEAR AT A HEARING; TO AUTHORIZE THE DIRECTOR TO ENTER AN ORDER REQUIRING CORRECTIVE ACTIONS AND IMPOSING CIVIL PENALTIES; TO AMEND SECTION 41-26-19, MISSISSIPPI CODE OF 1972, TO PROVIDE FOR THE CONDUCT OF HEARINGS UNDER THIS CHAPTER; TO PROVIDE FOR THE POWERS OF THE DIRECTOR IN CONDUCTING A HEARING; TO AMEND SECTION 41-26-21, TO AUTHORIZE APPEALS FROM AN ORDER OF THE DIRECTOR; TO AMEND SECTIONS 41-26-1, 41-26-9, 41-26-11, 41-26-13, MISSISSIPPI CODE OF 1972, TO MAKE TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENTS; AND FOR RELATED PURPOSES.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI:
SECTION 1. The following shall be codified as Section 41-26-2, Mississippi Code of 1972:
41-26-2. (1) The Legislature finds that:
(a) An adequate supply of safe, pure drinking water is essential to the public health and welfare and the maintenance of that supply through viable water systems is an important natural resource in the economic development of the state;
(b) The federal Safe Drinking Water Act, as amended, provides a comprehensive framework for regulating the collection, treatment, storage and distribution of potable water; and
(c) It is in the public interest of the state to assume primary enforcement responsibility under the federal Safe Drinking Water Act, as amended.
(2) The purposes of this chapter shall be:
(a) To establish a state program to assure provision of safe drinking water to the public by establishing drinking water standards consistent with the federal act and developing a state program to implement and enforce the standards. The standards shall protect the public health and welfare to the extent feasible using technology, treatment techniques and other means which are generally available.
(b) To develop a process for implementing plans for the provision of safe drinking water in emergencies;
(c) To provide public notice of potentially hazardous conditions that may exist in a water supply; and
(d) To authorize the director to prevent the creation of new potentially nonviable community water systems, to provide technical assistance to existing potentially nonviable systems to help those systems become viable and to encourage the elimination of nonviable systems whose problems cannot be corrected.
(3) It is the intent of the Legislature that the board in implementing Section 41-26-5(3), shall work cooperatively with organizations, such as the Mississippi Rural Water Association, which provide training and assistance to rural water systems. The board shall, consistent with state and federal law and rules and regulations and subject to the availability of funds, contract annually with and provide funding for those organizations. Any contract and funding shall be contingent upon receipt of an acceptable scope of work and cost proposal, as determined by the department and upon the contractor satisfactorily meeting performance objectives established in the contract.
41-26-6. (1) The board may adopt rules and regulations governing public water systems, but those rules and regulations shall, except as expressly required by law, be no more stringent or extensive in scope, coverage and effect than regulations promulgated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency.
(2) If federal regulations do not provide a standard, criteria or guidance addressing public water systems, the board may promulgate rules and regulations to address these matters when the board determines that the rules and regulations are necessary to protect the public health and welfare.
(3) Nothing in this section shall prohibit the director by order or in the approval of plans for construction or changes from placing additional requirements on a public water system on a case by case basis in order to provide for the quantity and quality of drinking water or to protect the public health and welfare.
41-26-8. (1) The director shall exercise general supervision over the construction and operation of public water systems throughout the state. The general supervision shall include all of the features of construction and operation of public water systems which do or may affect the sanitary quality or the quantity of the water supply.
(2) (a) No person shall construct or change any community public water system or nontransient, noncommunity public water system until the plans for that construction or change have been submitted to and approved by the director. Plans for the construction or change must be prepared by a professional engineer registered in this state.
(b) In addition, each applicant for a new community public water system or nontransient, noncommunity public water system shall submit an operation and maintenance plan for review and approval by the director. The plan must be approved before beginning construction.
(c) In granting any approval under this section, the director may specify any modifications, conditions or limitations as may be required for the protection of the public health and welfare.
(d) The director may also review the source of the water and the quantity of water to be withdrawn.
(e) Records of construction, including plans and descriptions of existing portions of a public water system, shall be made available to the department upon request.
(f) Each applicant for a new community public water system or nontransient, noncommunity public water system shall submit financial and managerial information as required by the public utilities staff. Following review of that information, the executive director of the public utilities staff certify in writing to the director the financial and managerial viability of the system if the executive director determines the system is viable. The director shall not approve the construction until that certification is received.
(g) The director shall not approve any plans for changes to an existing community public water system or nontransient, noncommunity public water system, if the director determines the changes would threaten the viability of the system or if the changes may overload the operational capabilities of the system.
SECTION 4. The following shall be codified as Section 41-26-23, Mississippi Code of 1972:
41-26-23. The department shall charge and collect reasonable annual fees for water quality analysis and related activities as required by the Safe Drinking Water Act, as amended, which shall not exceed One Dollar and Twenty Cents ($1.20) per connection or Twenty Thousand Dollars ($20,000.00) per water system, whichever is less. The proposed fee schedule shall be developed by the department with the advice of an advisory committee before filing the schedule with the Office of the Secretary of State under the Administrative Procedures Act. The advisory committee shall consist of one (1) member appointed by the Mississippi Rural Water Association, one (1) member appointed by the Mississippi Municipal Association and one (1) member appointed by the Mississippi Water and Pollution Control Operators Association, Inc. All such revenues less than Nine Hundred Thousand Dollars ($900,000.00) derived annually as the result of water quality analysis shall be expended solely and exclusively for water quality analysis and related activities within the department and all revenues in excess of Nine Hundred Thousand Dollars ($900,000.00) shall lapse into the State General Fund. All public water suppliers are required to pay the fees when invoiced by the department. Persons making sales to customers of water for residential, noncommercial or nonagricultural use shall indicate on each statement rendered to customers that the water quality analysis fees are required by the federal government under the Safe Drinking Water Act, as amended.
41-26-25. (1) (a) There is created in the State Treasury a fund to be designated as the "Public Water System Assistance Fund." The fund shall contain two (2) accounts, designated as the "Public Water System Technical Assistance Account" and the "Public Water Systems Bond Operations Account."
(b) Monies in the Public Water System Technical Assistance Account shall be used to pay the reasonable direct and indirect costs of providing technical assistance to public water systems under the program established in Section 41-26-5(3). Monies in the Public Water Systems Bond Operations Account shall be used as ordered by the court under Section 41-26-31.
(2) Expenditures may be made from the fund upon requisition by the director.
(3) The fund shall be treated as a special trust fund. Interest earned on the principal shall be credited by the Treasurer to the fund.
(4) The fund may receive monies from any available public or private source, including, but not limited to, collection of fines, penalties or fees, proceeds from bond or other financial security forfeitures, interest, grants, taxes, public and private donations, petroleum violation escrow funds or refunds, and appropriated funds.
41-26-31. (1) If the director finds any person guilty of a violation of this chapter, any rule or regulation or written order of the director or any condition or limitation of an approval, the director may assess and levy a civil penalty of not more than Twenty-five Thousand Dollars ($25,000.00) for each violation. Each day of a continuing violation is a separate violation. Any penalty shall be assessed and levied by the director after a hearing as provided in this chapter. Appeals from the imposition of the civil penalty may be taken to the Chancery Court of the First Judicial District of Hinds County or the chancery court of the county of the situs, in whole or in part, as provided in Section 41-26-21. If the appellant desires to stay the execution of a civil penalty assessed under this section, the appellant shall give bond with sufficient sureties of one or more guaranty or surety companies authorized to do business in this state, payable to the State of Mississippi, in an amount equal to double the amount of any civil penalty assessed by the director, as to which the stay of execution is desired. If the judgment is affirmed, the appellant shall pay all costs of the assessment entered against the appellant.
(2) In addition to or in lieu of the penalty provided in subsection (1) of this section, the director may institute and maintain in the name of the state any proceedings necessary or appropriate to enforce this chapter, any rule or regulation or written order of the director or any condition or limitation of an approval. The proceedings may be filed and heard in the appropriate circuit, chancery, county or justice court of the county in which venue may lie, or in the Circuit, Chancery or County Court of the First Judicial District of Hinds County, as the case may be. The director may obtain mandatory or prohibitory injunctive relief, either temporary or permanent. In cases of imminent and substantial hazard or endangerment, it shall not be necessary that the state plead or prove: (a) that irreparable damage would result if the injunction did not issue; (b) that there is no adequate remedy at law; or (c) that a written order has first been issued for the alleged violation.
(3) In determining the amount of any penalty under this section, the director shall consider at a minimum:
(a) The willfulness of the violation;
(b) Costs of restoration and abatement;
(c) Economic benefit as a result of noncompliance;
(d) The seriousness of the violation, including any harm or hazard to the public health and welfare; and
(e) Past performance history.
(4) (a) The owner of any public water system found in violation of this chapter may submit to the director a plan for:
(i) The physical consolidation of the system with one or more other viable public water systems;
(ii) The consolidation of significant management and administrative functions of the system with one or more other viable public water systems or contract or satellite management of the system; or
(iii) The transfer of ownership of the system.
(b) If the director approves the plan and the plan is fully implemented as determined by the director, the director shall waive any penalty assessed under this section for a violation identified in the approved plan before the date on which the action specified in the approved plan was completed.
(5) (a) In addition to or in lieu of any other penalty imposed under this section, the director may require the owner of any public water system found in violation to provide a bond or other acceptable financial security instrument to the department. The bond or financial security must be approved by the director. The purpose of the bond or other financial security shall be the protection of the health and welfare of the customers of the system. The board shall establish by regulation the acceptable forms of financial security and the amount of financial security required for the various types and sizes of facilities.
(b) The director may petition the Chancery Court of the First Judicial District of Hinds County for forfeiture of the bond or other financial security, if the director determines that:
(i) The continued operation or lack of operation of the system covered by this section represents a threat to the public health and welfare;
(ii) All reasonable and practical efforts under the circumstances have been made to obtain corrective actions from the violators; and
(iii) It does not appear that corrective actions can or will be taken within an appropriate time as determined by the director, or it appears the facility has been abandoned.
(c) The proceeds of any forfeiture shall be deposited in the Public Water Systems Bond Operations Account of the Public Water Systems Assistance Fund and shall be used as ordered by the court to address or correct the noncompliance at the system. The proceeds shall be in addition to any other funds otherwise appropriated to the department and may be expended under the authority of this section without additional action of the Legislature or the Department of Finance and Administration.
(d) If the court finds that a system has been abandoned or that services of a system have been terminated, the court may enter any orders regarding continued operations of that system as it deems necessary to protect the public health and welfare.
(6) (a) Any penalty assessed by the director under this section shall be due and payable within thirty (30) days after notification of the violator of the order, and shall be due and payable jointly or severally, as the order may require or allow.
(b) If the assessed penalty is not paid within the thirty (30) days, or within any additional time as the director may allow, the director may file suit in the Circuit Court of the First Judicial District of Hinds County or any other court with appropriate jurisdiction to enforce the order, collect the penalty and recover reasonable attorney's fees and all court costs.
(c) A copy of the administrative order shall be sufficient proof as to the decision of the director.
(7) All fines and penalties recovered or collected by the director under subsection (1) of this section shall be deposited in the Public Water Systems Technical Assistance Account of the Public Water Systems Assistance Fund.
SECTION 7. Section 41-26-1, Mississippi Code of 1972, is amended as follows:
41-26-1. This chapter shall be known and cited as the "Mississippi Safe Drinking Water Act of 1997."
41-26-3. For purposes of this chapter, the following terms shall have the meaning ascribed herein unless the context clearly indicates otherwise * * *:
(a) "Administrator" means the Administrator of the United States Environmental Protection Agency or the administrator's designee.
(b) "Board" means the Mississippi State Board of Health.
(c) "Community public water system" means a public water system serving at least fifteen (15) individual service connections used by year-round consumers or regularly servicing at least twenty-five (25) individual consumers year-round.
(d) "Construction" means any placement, assembly or installation of facilities or equipment, including contractual obligations to purchase those facilities or equipment, at the location where the equipment will be used, including any preparation work at any location.
(e) "Contaminant" means any physical, chemical, biological or radiological substance or matter in water.
(f) "Cross connection" means any physical arrangement whereby a public water system is connected, directly or indirectly, with any other water supply system, sewer, drain, conduit, pool, storage reservoir, plumbing fixture, or other device which contains, or may contain, contaminated water, sewage or other waste or liquid of unknown or unsafe quality, which may be capable of passing on contamination to the public water system as a result of backflow. Bypass arrangements, jumper connections, removable sections, swivel or change-over devices through which, or because of which, backflow could occur are considered to be cross connections.
(g) "Department" means the Mississippi State Department of Health.
(h) "Director" means the State Health Officer or the health officer's designee.
(i) "Federal act" means the Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974, as amended, principally codified as 42 USCS Section 300(f) et seq.
(j) "Federal agency" means any department, agency or instrumentality of the United States.
(k) "Maximum contaminant level" means the maximum permissible level of a contaminant in water which is delivered to any user of a public water system.
(l) "Municipality" means a city, town, village or other public body created by state law, or an Indian tribal organization authorized by law.
(m) "National Primary Drinking Water Regulations" means primary drinking water regulations promulgated by the administrator under the federal act.
(n) "Nontransient, noncommunity public water system" means a public water system that is not a community water system and that regularly serves at least twenty-five (25) of the same persons over six (6) months per year.
(o) "Person" means an individual, corporation, company, association, partnership, municipality or federal agency.
(p) "Public water system" means a system for providing to the public * * * piped water for human consumption through pipes or other constructed conveyances if the system has at least fifteen (15) service connections or regularly serves at least twenty-five (25) individuals. The term includes but is not limited to:
(i) Any collection, treatment, storage and distribution facilities under control of the operator of the system and used primarily in connection with the system; and
(ii) Any collection or pre-treatment storage facilities not under the control which are used primarily in connection with the system.
(q) "Supplier of water" means any person who owns, * * * or controls a public water system.
(r) "Violator" means a public water system, an officer or director of a public water system, an operator, certified or otherwise, or any other person designated by a public water system or the department as the official responsible for the operation of a public water system.
41-26-5. (1) In addition to any other duties required by law, the board shall have the following powers and duties concerning safe drinking water:
(a) To establish policies, requirements or standards governing the source, collection, distribution, purification, treatment and storage of water for public water systems as it deems necessary for the provision of safe drinking water;
(b) To adopt, modify, repeal and promulgate, after due notice and hearing and in accordance with the Mississippi Administrative Procedures Law and Section 41-26-6, and where not otherwise prohibited by federal or state law, to make exceptions to and grant exemptions and variances from, and to enforce rules and regulations implementing the powers and duties of the board under this chapter;
(c) To enter into, and to authorize the director to execute contracts, grants and cooperative agreements with, any federal or state agency or subdivision thereof, interstate agency, or any other person in connection with carrying out this chapter; and
(d) To discharge other powers, duties and responsibilities which may be necessary to implement this chapter.
(2) (a) Except as provided in Section 41-26-5(2)(b), regulations adopted under this section shall apply to each public water system in the state * * *.
(b) Regulations shall not apply to a public water system:
(i) Which consists only of distribution and storage facilities, and which does not have any collection and treatment facilities;
(ii) Which obtains all of its water from, but is not owned or operated by, a public water system to which such regulations apply;
(iii) Which does not sell water to any person; and
(iv) Which is not a carrier which conveys passengers in interstate commerce.
(3) The board shall develop and implement a technical assistance program to help existing potentially nonviable community public water systems to become viable and to improve the technical, managerial or financial capabilities of small community public water systems. In developing this program, the board shall work cooperatively, as expressed in Section 41-26-2(3), with organizations, such as the Mississippi Rural Water Association, which currently provide training and assistance to rural water systems.
SECTION 10. Section 41-26-7, Mississippi Code of 1972, is amended as follows:
41-26-7. (1) In addition to any other duties required by law, the director shall have the following powers and duties concerning safe drinking water:
(a) To exercise general supervision over the administration and enforcement of this chapter and applicable rules and regulations;
(b) To make inspections and investigations, collect samples and carry on research and analyses as may be necessary to carry out this chapter and applicable rules and regulations;
(c) To enter at all reasonable times onto any property other than the interior of a private dwelling to make inspections, conduct investigations or studies or enforce this chapter and applicable rules and regulations;
(d) To enter into contracts, grants or cooperative arrangements with any federal or state agency or subdivision thereof, interstate agency or any other person;
(e) To receive financial and technical assistance from the federal government and other public or private agencies or organizations;
(f) To participate in related programs of the federal government, other states, interstate agencies, or other public or private agencies or organizations;
(g) To establish adequate fiscal controls and accounting procedures to assure proper disbursement of and account for funds appropriated or otherwise necessary to carry out this chapter;
(h) To hold hearings, issue, modify or revoke orders, levy and collect any administrative fine or penalty and to enforce the laws, rules and regulations governing safe drinking water;
(i) To keep any records and make reports with respect to the activities of the department;
(j) To delegate any powers, duties and responsibilities as deemed appropriate to administer this chapter including delegation of any powers and duties regarding administrative enforcement to a designated administrative law judge or hearing officer; and
(k) To perform all acts necessary to carry out this chapter or the federal act.
41-26-9. The director, upon receipt of information that a contaminant which is present in or is likely to enter a public water system may present an imminent and substantial endangerment to the public health * * *, may take any actions deemed necessary * * * to protect the public health * * *. The actions * * * may * * * include, but shall not be limited to:
(a) Issuing any orders either on the initiative of the director or through a designated administrative law judge or hearing officer as may be necessary to protect the public health of * * * users of the system, including travelers; and
(b) Commencing a civil action for appropriate relief, including a restraining order or permanent or temporary injunction.
SECTION 12. Section 41-26-11, Mississippi Code of 1972, is amended as follows:
41-26-11. The director shall develop an adequate plan for the provision of safe drinking water under emergency circumstances. If, in the judgment of the director, emergency circumstances exist in the state * * * for safe drinking water, the director may take any actions deemed necessary * * * to provide safe drinking water where it otherwise would not be available.
41-26-13. (1) * * * A public water * * * system shall, as soon as practicable, notify the county or district health department, the board and the administrator if one (1) of the following conditions exist: (a) the system is not in compliance with the Mississippi Primary Drinking Water Regulations; (b) the system fails to perform monitoring required by regulations adopted by the board; (c) the system is subject to a variance granted for an inability to meet a maximum contaminant level requirement; (d) the system is subject to an exemption; or (e) the system fails to comply with the requirements prescribed by a variance or exemption. * * *
(2) In addition, the system shall provide public notice. The notice shall be published at least once every three (3) months * * * in a newspaper of general circulation in the area which is served by the water system, as determined by the director. The notice shall not be placed in the legal section of the newspaper. The notice shall be furnished to the other communications media serving the area * * * as soon as practicable after the discovery of any condition for which the notice is required. If the water bills of a public water system are issued more often than once every three (3) months, the notice shall be included in at least one (1) water bill of the system every three (3) months, and if a public water system issues its water bills less often than once every three (3) months, the notice shall be included in each * * * water bill issued by the system.
41-26-15. The following acts and the causing of these acts are prohibited:
(a) Failure by a supplier of water to comply with the requirements of Section 41-26-13, or dissemination by that supplier of any false or misleading information with respect to notices required under Section 41-26-13, or with respect to remedial actions being undertaken to achieve compliance with Mississippi Primary Drinking Water Regulations;
(b) Failure by a supplier of water to comply with this chapter or applicable rules or regulations promulgated under this chapter, or with conditions of any variances or exemptions granted under this chapter;
(c) Failure by any person to comply with any order issued by the director, administrative law judge or hearing officer under this chapter;
(d) Refusal by a supplier of water to allow an authorized representative of the department to inspect any public water system;
(e) Contamination of a public water system;
(f) Intentionally damaging any pipe or other part of a public water system;
(g) Discharge of sewage or other waste at any location that may come into contact with a public water system intake, unless that discharge is permitted or authorized by a state or federal agency;
(h) Installation, allowing the installation or maintenance of any cross connection, auxiliary intake or bypass, unless the source and quality of water from the auxiliary supply, the method of connection and the use and operation of that cross connection, auxiliary intake or bypass has been approved by the director; and
(i) Abandonment or other termination of water services to more than fifty percent (50%) of the customers of a system by a supplier of water, without providing at least sixty (60) days' notice to all customers served by the public water system and the department.
41-26-17. (1) When the director or an employee of the department has reason to believe that a violation of this chapter, a rule or regulation promulgated under this chapter, any order of the director, or any limitation or condition of an approval has occurred, the director shall cause a written complaint to be served upon the alleged violator. The complaint shall specify the provisions of this chapter, rule or regulation, order or approval alleged to be violated and the facts alleged to constitute that violation. The complaint shall also require the alleged violator to appear before the director at a time and place specified in the notice to answer the charges. The time of appearance shall be at least five (5) days from the date of the service of the complaint.
(2) Except as provided in subsection (1) of this section, upon the filing of a complaint by any person alleging a violation of this chapter, a rule or regulation promulgated under this chapter, any order of the director or any limitation or condition of an approval, the director shall conduct an investigation of the complaint. Any complaint filed under this subsection shall be in writing, signed by the person making the allegation and filed with the director. If the director finds a basis for the complaint, the director shall cause written notice of the complaint, specifying the charges or allegations made, to be served upon the alleged violator. The notice shall also require the alleged violator to appear before the director at a time and place specified in the notice to answer the charges. The time of appearance shall be at least five (5) days from the date of the service of the complaint. If the director finds no basis for the complaint, the director shall dismiss the complaint.
(3) The director shall afford an opportunity for a hearing to the alleged violator at the time and place specified in the notice. On the basis of the facts determined at the hearing, the presiding official shall make findings of fact and conclusions of law and enter an order. The director shall give written notice of that order to the alleged violator and to any other persons appearing at the hearing or making written request for notice of the order. In addition to ordering corrections in the operation or maintenance of a public water system, and other measures which, in the opinion of the director, are necessary to ensure compliance with this chapter or the federal act or to safeguard the public health, the director may assess penalties as provided in Section 41-26-31.
(4) Except as otherwise expressly provided, any notice or other instrument issued by or under authority of this chapter may be served on any person affected and proof of that service may be made in like manner as in case of service of a summons in a civil action. Proof of service shall be filed in the office of the director. In addition, service may be made by mailing a copy of the notice, order or other instrument by certified mail, directed to the person affected at the person's last known post office address as shown by the files or records of the department, and proof thereof may be made by the affidavit of the person who did the mailing, filed in the office of the director.
41-26-19. (1) (a) Any hearing under this chapter may be conducted by the director or an administrative law judge or an administrative hearing officer designated by the director. The presiding official may conduct the hearings in the name of the director at any time and place as conditions and circumstances may warrant. The presiding official shall have the record of any hearing prepared which the official has conducted for the director.
(b) In any pending matters under this chapter, the director shall have the same powers to subpoena witnesses, administer oaths, examine witnesses under oath and conduct the hearing, as is now vested by law in the Mississippi Public Service Commission, for hearings before it. In addition, the director may issue all subpoenas, both at the instance of the petitioner and of the director. At any hearing the director, the staff of the department, any other petitioner or any other interested person, may offer proof, present witnesses and submit evidence. At the discretion of the presiding official, comments may be taken from members of the public who are subscribers of the public water system. Witnesses who are subpoenaed shall receive the same fees and mileage as in civil actions. In case of contumacy or refusal to obey a notice of hearing or subpoena issued under this section, the circuit court shall have jurisdiction, upon application of the director or the director's representative, to issue an order requiring that person to appear and testify or produce evidence as the case may require and any failure to obey that order of the court may be punished by the court as contempt. Failure to appear at any hearing, without prior authorization to do so from the director or the director's representative, may result in the director finding the alleged violator guilty of the charges complained of by default. An order may be entered, including the assessment of a penalty, which, in the opinion of the director, will best further the purposes of this chapter.
(2) All hearings shall be recorded either by a court reporter or by tape or mechanical recorders and subject to transcription upon order of the director or any interested person. If the request for transcription originates with an interested person, that person shall pay the cost prior to the production of the transcription.
41-26-21. Following the hearing, the presiding official shall enter an order which shall become a final order of the director, unless the petitioner or other interested person appearing at the hearing, shall, within ten (10) days after the date the final order was made, appeal to the Chancery Court of the First Judicial District of Hinds County or the chancery court of the county of the situs, in whole or in part. The petitioner or other interested person shall give a cost bond with sufficient sureties, payable to the state in the sum of not less than One Hundred Dollars ($100.00) nor more than Five Hundred Dollars ($500.00), to be fixed in the order appealed from. The cost bond shall be filed with and approved by the director, who shall certify the bond, together with a certified copy of the record of the hearing in the matter, to the chancery court, which shall be the record of the cause. Except as provided in this section, an appeal to the chancery court as provided in this section shall not stay the execution of a final order of the director.
Any person who is aggrieved by any final order or other decision issued under this section may, within ten (10) days after the date of that order or decision, petition the Chancery Court of the First Judicial District of Hinds County or the chancery court of the county of the situs, in whole or in part, for an appeal with supersedeas. The chancellor shall grant a hearing on that petition. Upon good cause shown, the chancellor may grant the appeal with supersedeas. The appellant shall be required to post a bond with sufficient sureties according to law in an amount to be determined by the chancellor. Appeals shall be considered only upon the record as made at the hearing before the presiding official. The chancery court shall always be deemed open for hearing of appeals and the chancellor may hear the appeal in termtime or in vacation at any place in the chancellor's district. The appeal shall have precedence over all civil cases, except election contests. The chancery court shall review all questions of law and of fact. If no prejudicial error is found, the matter shall be affirmed and remanded to the director for enforcement. If a prejudicial error is found, the matter shall be reversed and the chancery court shall remand the matter to the director for appropriate action as may be indicated or necessary under the circumstances. Appeals may be taken from the chancery court to the Supreme Court in the manner as now required by law, but if a supersedeas is desired by the party appealing to the chancery court, that party may apply for the supersedeas to the chancellor, who shall award a writ of supersedeas, without additional bond, if in the chancellor's judgment material damage is not likely to result. If material damage is likely to result, the chancellor shall require a supersedeas bond as deemed proper, which shall be liable to the state for any damage.
SECTION 18. This act shall take effect and be in force from and after July 1, 1997.


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Home » Opinion » How Bitcoin Works?
How Bitcoin Works?
The New York Times published this good short video about how Bitcoin Works.
2. The evil side of social media — centralized data collection and AI — was revealed on 17 March 2018 in the Facebook – Cambridge Analytica scandal. It now rears its ugly head again. Not in the Trump-led United States, but in Myanmar. The United Nations team investigating genocide against the Rohingya Muslims has reported that Facebook has played a "determining role" in inciting racial violence. The BBC quotes the U.N. Special Rapporteur on human rights in Myanmar, Yanghee Lee as follows: "I'm afraid that Facebook has now turned into a beast." Myanmar's head of state, the Nobel laureate Aung San Suu Kyi seems caught up in a political campaign and powerless to stop the killings.
"Blockchain technology" — the buzzword of the day — does not automatically solve these problems. While promising and revolutionary, many of the (mostly) government- and corporate-sponsored implementations, permissioned, closed-source ledgers could arguably make the situation even worse. The privacy bill of rights proposed by Barack Obama as well as the EU's General Data Protection Regulation (that goes into effect in May 2018) should be considered very small steps in the right direction.
3. Yes, the sector is under attack. The total market cap for cryptocurrencies has declined sharply in the first quarter of 2018. China has outright banned ICOs, the U.S. has already begun to sharply regulate, and in some cases prosecute offenders. FB, Twitter, Google and Mailchimp have all announced restrictions on selling and marketing ICOs. In FB – Cambridge Analytica style, we're being persuaded that cryptocurrencies are mostly used as tools of speculation or crime. It is possible to avoid denying that these problems exist, but let's fully understand the situation through extensive research and open dialogue before jumping into more regulations.
4. It should be noted that Bitcoin Wednesday does not buy, sell or market cryptocurrencies, ICOs or any related projects in any way. We therefore intentionally do not curate the program, leaving complete responsibility to the public to decide which projects are and aren't the good ones. We offer an objective platform to cover all sides of the debate, and always leave it to each individual to take responsibility and come to his or her own conclusions. If we want a society of citizens prepared to face the challenges of the future, not just poorly educated Trump supporters or Putin's babushkas, there is no better way.
5. On 2 April 2018 The Wall Street Journal covered the rise of private equity and debt markets. The article is behind WSJ's pay wall, so here's a quick summary:
Telegram held a private sale of its own cryptocurrency, raising $850 million from just 81 individual investors. But that's just one example. An incredible $2.4 Trillion was raised for private deals over the last 12 months, including not just ICOs but traditional private debt and equity. This grand sum far exceeds the amounts raised in public markets, and much of it comes from debt at a level not seen since before 2008. Current proposals for regulating ICOs will do nothing to reduce this debt.
6. On the utility token vs. security debate: It seems funny that for the same cryptocoins we were told are worthless, even when we announce that they are worthless, there are regulators who will turn around and say, "No, they are all securities, and you only buy them with the expectation of profit." But didn't they themselves tell us that they were worthless?
One more time: The regulator says virtual currencies are worthless. The sector sells utility tokens under terms that explicitly agree with the regulator, clearly stating that the tokens are worthless. Then the regulator changes his or her mind and says the worthless tokens are securities sold with the expectation of profit.
BITCOINWEDNESDAY.COM
CRYPTOCOIN
Scammers & Maximalists Unite!
Cryptocurrency Investing An Introduction
Regulatory Capture and Cryptocurrency
Why Zero Knowledge Matters
PUBLISHED : April 3, 2018
Geoff Goodell
Geoff Goodellis a researcher at the Department of Computer Science at University College London and an authority on the interface between computer science, finance and public policy. His talk for Bitcoin Wednesday will cover the range of available options on the subject of financial privacy, from total surveillance as represented by traditional financial institutions to the use of cryptocurrencies and related privacy enhancing technologies.
Lyn Ulbricht
Lyn Ulbricht is the mother of Ross Ulbricht, the man sentenced to life in prison at the age of 36 for his involvement in Silk Road. The dark web marketplace has made an indelible impact on the industry.
J.P. Thieriot
J.P. Thieriot is CEO of Uphold, a digital money platform that serves 1.7 million customers in more than 184 country and has processed almost $6 billion in transactions.
Cold Hardware Wallets
Ruben Merreis co-founder and CEO of Ngrave, an end-to-end hardware wallet solution that tackles the what-ifs of managing digital assets and cryptocurrencies.
Patrick Dai
Patrick Dai is CEO of Qtum. He will talk about how Qtum built a smart contract system on top of Bitcoin's infrastructure.
Thomas Borrel
Thomas Borrel leads the Product Strategy, Product Management and Product Marketing teams across Polymath's product portfolio. Prior to joining Polymath, Thomas was Director of Product Management at Extreme Networks where he led Extreme's Software and Cloud offerings.
Micha Roon
Micha Roon is the CTO of the Energy Web Foundation and the Share&Charge Foundation. He is an authority on energy grid decarbonization, electrical vehicle charging and the tokenization of renewable energy.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


For the drying processes we use self developed drum drying systems (thin layer contact drying systems with overhead application cylinders). Drum drying systems are using the low global and running out conventional energy reserves in an optimal way because this technique is an indirect drying technique. E.g. for the evaporation of 1 Kg water only 1.2 to 1.5 Kg saturated steam as heating medium are neccessary.
Every drum drying system disposes of four overhead application cylinders for the spreading of viscous purees and concentrates. The purees and concentrates are evenly spread as a thin film (ca. 1 mm) all over the heated and rotating drum dryer. The product dries abruptly by evaporation of water and stay only ca. 3 seconds on the hot dryer surface. The continuously processed product film is removed by large tool bits, is then cooled down and granulated or cut to a precise flake size.
This technique allows a gentle processing of different fruit-, cereal- and vegetable preparations with varied recipes. Equally possible is the production of functional products (e.g. products with a high fibre content).
valuable ingredients (e.g. vitamins, minerals, trace substances, phytochemicals) are largely conserved and gained because the period of time thermal energy is influencing the product quality is very short and the original taste is preserved to the greatest possible extend.
high product safety and a long shelf-life contingented upon pasteurisation.
high stability of intense natural product colours of the finished products.
better bioavailability of valuable ingredients for the human digestion. Many ingredients of the products need to be warmed up before being easily digestible.
high thermal efficiency, thus an environmentally sound production engineering.
continuous conduct of a case.
gluey products but just as well for low viscous solutions.
ideal for small output quantities, thus a highly flexible technique and simultaneously high product safety at a high quality level.
fruit-, cereal- and vegetable granules and/or flakes as ingredient and/or condiment for teas, baking mixtures, soups, sauces, dips, dressings, sweets, snacks, desserts and spice blends – without application of any foodstuff additives.
utilization in mono-products (e.g. potato-instant-products).
utilization in dairy goods/products (e.g. yoghourt, ice cream).


So here we have a puppet show about a knights templar, actually the last one alive and then pope clement V. They are battling it out.
The Last Knights Templar puppet show by Creative Director Jamaal R. JAmes for JAmes Creative Arts And Entertainment Company. puppet show.
The LAst knights templar guarding his temple tower, puppet show by creative director Jamaal R. James for James Creative Arts And Entertainment Company. illustrator.
Completed a commissioned drawing piece for my father. So thought I would share. Enjoy.
Here we have another science fiction character and we'll call her baby Dema. Let's see where she ends up maybe in the snake with a conscious or another short film will see.
Here we have this friendly maiden from not a voyage who scratches the back of a dinosaur alien being. But what really happened was I was staring at the ground and then I saw this image of a dinosaur thing that had wings and then i saw a princess or queen but it looked like this gotta keep working on being this creative out. Have a wonderful day.


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Chicago Casino: Not IF, but WHEN and WHERE
Written By Editor on February 29, 2012
• Chicago Casino• Congress Hotel• Hilton Chicago• Macy's On State• Palmer House• Potawatomi Bingo Casino• Thompson Center
For the last few decades Chicago's mayors have been hell-bent on building a casino in the city. What they haven't been too interested in is asking the public its opinion on the matter.
Finally a group of people threw up their metaphorical hands and said, "If the politicians won't ask, we will." To that end, the Chicago Architecture Foundation and the Chicago Reader co-sponsored an event at the Chicago Theater (175 North State Street) last night to explore the issue.
Under the umbrella of CAF's "Chicago Debates" program, four panelists took up the issue and answered questions from the audience. The panelists were
Kim Goluska, a former partner at Skidmore, Owings & Merrill
John Norquist, the former mayor of Milwaukee, now with the Congress for the New Urbanism
Dennis Judd, a political science professor at the University of Illinois at Chicago
Mick Dunkie, a writer for the Chicago Reader
The moderator was Edward Lifson, former public radio journalist.
There were a number of interesting items brought up during the debate, primarily because this was a gathering of people who actually know about architecture, urban development, and how cities work. This wasn't a meeting of angry senior citizen NIMBYs venting their rage about the world. This was thoughtful, insightful discussion about the future of Chicago. Unfortunately, such discussions are so very rarely open to the public at large without a paid admission or membership.
The one thing everyone in attendance seemed to agree on is that a casino is coming to Chicago. While the enabling legislation may be sitting on Governor Pat Quinn's desk indefinitely, he won't be governor indefinitely, and even if he wins re-election, the forces in favor of a casino will keep trying to overturn his veto until they finally get what they want. It's not a matter of if Chicago will have a casino, but when.
Perhaps the easiest way to give you a taste of what was said is with bullet points. For the most part these will be unattributed for simplicity's sake.
All of the panelists and most of the audience agreed that the casino should be in downtown Chicago. The Near North Side and even McCormick Place are too far away to maximize the benefit of the extra visitors a casino would attract.
For those who believed it should be farther out, John Norquist related his experience with Potawatomi Bingo Casino. While the television commercials claim Potawatomi is "in downtown Milwaukee," it is actually in an area known as The Valley [Menomonee River Valley]. In terms of distance, it would be like putting the casino in Bronzeville, the United Center, or Diversey Harbor. Others described its effect on downtown Milwaukee as a big "sucking sound."
The Thompson Center (100 West Randolph Street) could be converted into a casino. It is a terrible office building. It has a huge atrium. It's in the heart of the theater district, which would encourage visitors to see shows and eat at local restaurants. The state could save money by selling the building and moving state workers into rental office, taking advantage of the current low rents. Reusing an existing building is more environmentally friendly than building a new building. It also has a Pedway connection to City Hall so that the bags of graft and kickback money can get to local bureaucrats and politicians easily.
The Congress Hotel (520 South Michigan Avenue) would be a good location for a casino. Vienna's casino is also located in an old hotel and it works well. The casino could be located underneath the hotel and in adjacent buildings built on the neighboring vacant lots.
A casino could be put in the unused top floors of Macy's on State(111 North State Street), which has been done in other department stores in other cities. It forces people to go through the retail space and possibly spend some cash on their way to and from the casino. Reusing an existing building is more environmentally friendly than building a new building.
Macy's on State Street
"Any city that desperately needs to do this to get the gaming revenue shouldn't do it. That's not what it's about." – Kim Goluska
The casino should not take up valuable lakefront space since almost all casinos are currently designed to keep people looking inward, it would be a waste of prime space.
No one liked the idea of putting a casino on Navy Pier.
An area slightly south of the Loop was suggested, but not too close to McCormick Place. The casino shouldn't be isolated from the rest of the city. They should not be a fortress.
A casino should contribute to the urban fabric, architecturally, socially, and culturally.
"I can tell you right now there are dollar signs in the eyes of people at City Hall. You hear them talk with envy about visiting the casinos in northern Indiana and seeing all of the Illinois license plates there. They're already counting the money. And certain people would love to get this casino deal done now so that when they do leave office, potentially to go somewhere else, this is on their record." – Mick Dunkie
Any casino project has to be driven by the private and civic sectors, not the politicians. Politicians only think of the short-term because they know they won't be in office very long. Civic and commercial leaders think about the long term, which is good and necessary when planning a development like a casino that can dramatically shape the future of a city. Examples of recent "top-down" projects being driven by politicians with little public enthusiasm include the failed Chicago 2016 Olympic bid, and the upcoming NATO and G8 conferences.
An estimated 50,000-60,000 people would visit a downtown Chicago casino each day.
Former main United States Post Office
The old post office (433 West Van Buren Street) was suggested as a location. It has the benefits of being vacant, huge, and near downtown. It could also handle a hotel and restaurants. However, it is isolated from the rest of the city and it is very likely that visitors would simply drive to the casino, lose their money, and then drive home without experiencing the rest of the city and spreading their money around.
The main value in a Chicago casino isn't in catering to the locals, it's in bringing in new visitors who would otherwise go to Indiana to gamble.
Why are we thinking about one big casino? Why not several smaller casinos in several downtown hotels like the Palmer House, the Congress Hotel, and the Hilton Chicago?
Maybe instead of the casino being owned by the state, it should be owned by a civic group, and the money from the casino could go to arts programs.
McCormick Place makes sense because it's the southern anchor of an enormous tourist complex stretching to Navy Pier. But McCormick Place is very isolated from the rest of the city. If the casino is done very well by a professional company it will end up with some of the best hotels, restaurants, and entertainment in the city, and that eliminates the need for conventioneers and other visitors to visit State Street, Michigan Avenue, and other parts of the city.
Trump Tower – There's space for a casino in all of the empty retail at the base.
The Chicago Spire – A casino could be the economic engine to restart this project.


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Chris Davis, NYC Parks
by Benjamin Fang Queens Ledger
May 20, 2020 | 4979 views | 0 | 637 | |
As the chief of recreation for Queens parks, Chris Davis's role pre-coronavirus was to manage all of the borough's recreation centers and programming.
In a typically busy season, recreation centers host family days, tournaments, concerts and more.
But since March 17, all of the city's recreation centers were shut down for the safety of patrons during the COVID-19 pandemic. Davis said not only is the department not running any programs, but all of its buildings are also closed.
In the meantime, the recreation staff has been deployed to parks for mask distribution to the public. Between May 2 and May 5, parks employees distributed over 100,000 face coverings across the city free of charge.
"The recreation staff serves as ambassadors at parks to educate the public on social distancing and face coverings," he said.
So far, Davis said all of the interactions with the public have been "100 percent positive."
"It's been great to fill the need of the public," he said.
For those who still want to enjoy New York City parks, the agency is organizing daily "parks@home" activities. From art classes and fitness instruction to virtual nature walks, the program offers something for everyone, including kids.
"Everything's on our website," Davis said.
As the weather continues to warm, the recreation staff will look at how to keep engaging residents in fun activities.
"We're starting to explore our plans for summer," Davis said, "depending on social distancing."


MEAW (Multiloop Edgewise Archwire) Technique - Have you been told that you need surgery to correct an open bite, and under bite, or a asymmetric bite? If so, you are likely to be a great candidate for for the MEAW (Multiloop Edgewire Archwire) Technique. It is also indicated for younger patients who wish to correct their bite and restore normal growth patterns. Emphasis is placed on function. The goal is to align the teeth and the jaws to support ideal function and aesthetics.


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http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Trivia/DoctorWhoS19E4TheVisitation
Trivia / Doctor Who S19 E4 "The Visitation"
Create New - Create New - Analysis Characters FanficRecs FanWorks Fridge Haiku Headscratchers ImageLinks Laconic PlayingWith Quotes ReferencedBy Synopsis Timeline WMG
Acting in the Dark: The opening sequence in the TARDIS follows on directly from "Kinda". Since this story was filmed first, the cast had to act out their characters' responses to the events of that story based solely on the script, hence things like Tegan's mispronunciation of "Mara".
Creator Backlash:
Eric Saward disliked Michael Robbins' performance as Richard Mace, largely because he kept changing his lines. Robbins, for his part, is said to have hated working on this story.
Peter Moffatt strongly disliked Paddy Kingsland's incidental music for this serial, saying it was replete with "turgid chords". However, Kingsland called Moffatt his "favourite director to work with".
Creator's Favourite Episode: Peter Davison named this as a favourite. Matthew Waterhouse recalled Davison entering the rehearsal room shaking the script with excitement.
Inspiration for the Work: The story was inspired by the work of a former girlfriend of Eric Saward's, who had been studying the architecture which arose in the wake of the Great Fire of London. She observed that the black rats which carried the plague became virtually extinct within months of the Great Fire, and Saward thought that this would provide an effective science-fiction "hook" for a story about social conditions in Stuart era England.
Prop Recycling: One part of the Terileptil's laboratory re-uses a Hymetusite crystal from "The Horns of Nimon".
Recycled Script: For his first script, Eric Saward recycles the basic premise and plot beats of Robert Holmes' "The Time Warrior".
Self-Adaptation: Eric Saward wrote the serial's novelization.
What Could Have Been:
The Terileptils, and the pioneering animatronic masks used to bring them to life, were intended to return so as to Shoot the Money. Those plans fell through. One mask did end up being reused in modified form on a delegate from Posikar in "The Trial of a Time Lord".
BRIAN BLESSED, Donald Houston and Donald Pleasence were considered for Richard Mace.
Eric Saward had submitted this story for the previous season.
Saward originally intended for the serial to end with the Doctor claiming a new sonic screwdriver out of a cabinet full of the devices: we could've seen far more of the sonic in the classic series, but John Nathan-Turner decided that it made things too easy for the Doctor and was a writer's crutch. Also slightly coupled with Executive Meddling.
Working Title: The Invasion of the Plague Men and Plague Rats.
Doctor Who S19 E3 "Kinda"
Trivia/Doctor Who Episode Trivia Pages
Doctor Who S19 E5 "Black Orchid"


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It seems an awfy long while since the last forest rally in Scotland. No doubt there will be itchy trigger fingers and feet across the nation, not to mention lack of practice for co-drivers. It's only (!) nine weeks since the Snowman, but the 2018 championship season will be kick-started back into rumbustious life next week at Elgin when the Speyside Stages takes to the woods.
Ahead lies a busy week as drivers and co-drivers pore over Route Notes and scour the DVDs. It was all so different way back in 1976.
It was quite common in those days to receive the Roadbook only when crews signed on at the rally itself, few events were posting them out ahead of the rally - in case some unscrupulous types went practicing, or for a long walk with the dog/weans/girlfriend/wife or whatever, clutching notepad and pencil. And yes, that did happen.
I recall a friend who was a traffic cop spotting a Midlands registered brand new car parked outside a forest north of Aberfoyle just off the Duke's Pass. Intrigued, he hung around. In due course a figure appeared walking out of the woods with Ordnance Survey maps poking out of his pockets, and who just happened to be wearing a rather recognisable rally jacket. Anyway, he stopped the 'rambler' and enquired as to the nature of his business.
Claiming innocence of any potentially disreputable acts he responded that he was just out for a walk and taking the air. Whatever, the big Polis just happened to be a rally fan, recognised the tall figure as one of the county's best known 'professional' co-drivers who partnered an even better known driver and with a nod as good as a wink sent him on his way back to Englandshire telling him to tarry no longer in the area - as the International Scottish Rally was just a few weeks away!
But back to the Autumn Stages. The Roadbook was a pretty spartan affair and co-drivers often had to spend a few hours, some all night, to plot the route on the various maps and again on other sets of maps for the Service crew and Management car and no doubt sponsors in some cases.
The whole 11 stage rally route consisted of one and a third foolscap (pre-dating A4!) pages listing map references and landmarks which had to be followed while another page provided a timetable of sorts. As for stage information, that consisted of 'ball and arrow' diagrams. Does anyone recognise the Castle O'er and Hog Knowe (Twiglees as it is now) tests from these?
I apologise for the quality of the images, but photocopiers were the size of dog kennels and expensive back then, so such information had to be typed on to stencils which were then printed off on duplicators (ask your parents!) - with ink flying everywhere. You could always spot the poor sod who produced the car club's paperwork. Ink stained hands for weeks and ink spattered clothing. Such innocent times.
In the early days, rallying was as much an adventure as a speed event. So the question is, has the sport lost something, or is it better? Tough call, eh?


Last week during the height of her vacation my daughter decided we had to go to the beach for a weekend holiday. She and her classmate from college invited my wife and I to come along with them when they rented an oceanfront cabin on the seacoast for a long weekend. And it was during this escapade that I learned there is an unusual interface that exists between women, salt water, hair, bathing suits and beach sand….something the average male cannot understand or comprehend even if his life depends upon it.
In the first place, we all know that a woman will spend as much time on her hair as the average guy might spend keeping track of finances. Fortunately, my wife and daughter are both wise enough to take advantage of the Groupons coupons they found that offer great reductions off of the list price for major hair treatments. They recently got more than 60% off Keratin smoothing treatments.
What makes it a little hard to understand is why such effort and time is expended when you know full well the hair and body are soon to come into contact with salt water, ocean air, sand and bright sunlight for prolonged periods of time. So we find ladies spending much time and effort having their hair done before going to the beach, only to immediately have the whole process done over as soon as they return from the 2-3 days spent at the beach. But with the Groupon savings they realize at the click of an app on their phones, they save so much it's like getting a two-for-one deal.
Both my daughter's current companion and I were able to breath a bit easier with the knowledge that our ladies were able to have their hair done at a price that didn't even total to what they might have spent ordinarily for the work done both before and after our pleasant holiday at the seashore.
And while they were having their hair done at the beauty salon after our return, her friend and I managed to clean and fillet some beautiful fresh-caught sea bass, so we could treat the ladies to a seafood dinner and wine beneath a real harvest moon. So I guess that while we may not understand the entire process, we certainly enjoyed the benefits.


Chocolate Fudge made using real chocolate then coated in Dark Chocolate. Individually wrapped in polyprop film. Packed in an attractive cube box. Gluten Free.
The very popular Mary Gray Russian Fudge now available covered in Dark chocolate and individually wrapped in polyprop film.Packaged in attractive cube box. Gluten Free.
Mary Gray Coconut Ice covered in Dark Chocolate individually wrapped in polyprop film. Packed in an attractive cube box. Gluten Free.


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Nannies » NY » New York City Area » Saint Albans
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Summer of Change: View from the Pilothouse
by Brandon Ferris
Summer of Change
View from the Pilothouse
This summer has been one for the books. A little scary, for sure, and definitely full of anxiety and uncertainty. I've learned a lot about remaining calm and taking things in stride, although running a business during these times has been nerve-racking. Fortunately, boating became one of those beneficial and acceptable ways to social distance, and because boaters have acted responsibly after the initial flurry of raft-ups and sandbar parties, we're able to continue doing what we love most…getting out on the water.
Recreational boating has grown tremendously over the summer because it's a good way to enjoy the outdoors without the crowds. The National Marine Manufacturers Association (NMMA) reported that May's recreational boat sales were the highest monthly total since 2007, and to follow suit, wholesale boat shipments (from builders) were up 60 percent in June compared to May. MarineMax reported a 20 percent revenue increase from the same period last year, and Nautical Ventures has shown a one-year increase of 233 percent. Roger Moore of Nautical Ventures said, "We had placed and received a healthy order for boats, tenders, and water toys with our various manufacturers before COVID, as it's our philosophy to stock and warehouse inventory so we have boats in stock and available for immediate delivery. While the builders were temporarily closed, we still had lots of boats to sell, which allowed us to quickly transfer boats and merchandise among our five Florida dealerships." The NMMA noted that fishing boats, jet boats, and personal watercraft lead the way in new-boat sales. That's not to say the marine industry hasn't taken a big hit because of the COVID-19 pandemic, but it's promising that more people are getting into the lifestyle.
Speaking of Nautical Ventures, Southern Boating TV debuted in August with its first episode—an interview between our Editor in Chief and Roger Moore, Nautical Ventures' owner and CEO. nauticalventures.com
As we all know, the pandemic has put the kibosh on events around the country, including boat shows. Many are taking the virtual route, such as the International BoatBuilders' Exhibition & Conference (IBEX), one of the largest shows for the latest marine technology, and many builders are opting for their own virtual boat shows, some even scheduling in-water shows by reservation only to control the flow. However, there are a few boat shows that are currently sticking with their plans. The Fort Lauderdale International Boat Show (FLIBS) is confident that the protocols they've put in place will keep staff, exhibitors, and visitors safe and healthy. FLIBS has developed AllSecure, standards that incorporate physical distancing (wider docks included), a contactless ticketing system, required face coverings, hygiene stations, and enhanced deep cleaning each day. I have to say, it'll be interesting to see how it all plays out. It can be done, but a lot relies on everyone's awareness, behavior, and caring. That goes without saying to contain the virus.
While thinking about all this, I remembered that one year from this September issue will be our 50th anniversary. Yep, September 2021 will be 50 years since my dad started Southern Boating. So much has happened throughout the years, and I look forward to many more, but in the meantime, we are planning to celebrate with fanfare. This is one boating industry business that plans to be around for another 50 years.
LIVETARGET Lures - On The Cutting Edge
Float Into Mardi Gras
Brandon Ferris August 25, 2020


First Presbyterian's Family and Children's Ministry provides a variety of opportunities for children and their families to grow in Christ. Come join us!
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First Presbyterian recognizes the charge we have as Christians to tell to the coming generations the glorious deeds of the Lord, and his might, and the wonders that he has done. (Psalm 78:4 ESV) Our Sunday School programs strive to fulfill that charge, providing an opportunity for children to learn the fundamentals of our faith and to share in Christian fellowship.
During the program year, Sunday School classes are available for children of all ages on Sundays at 10:00am in Faith Village, our Sunday School area for grades 1 – 5, located in the lower level of the church. Sunday School for preschool and kindergarten, as well as nursery care, is provided on the main level. The elementary children are studying the Sermon on the Mount and what it teaches us about how to follow Christ.
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On scheduled Wednesday evenings, children meet along with adults and youth for midweek fellowship and programming. Children and their families share in a meal served in the Dining Room from 5:45 – 6:15pm.
Following the meal, preschool and elementary children gather for fun activities and programs from 6:15 – 7:00pm, while adults participate in study opportunities. A nursery is also provided for infants and toddlers. Wednesday Together meets for three approximately six-week sessions throughout the year. Check the calendar for details.


If I hadn't had a 2nd TUR, I would still have high grade residual tumor in my bladder. I'm very glad to have had the 2nd TUR. In my case, it was the right thing to do.
Neck and neck with Primary TUR and Primary TUR with Mitomycin C. In light of new awareness concerning possiblity of death when there is perforation , I'm not sure whether I think that Mitomycin is a good idea.
The Doc said that the only way to see a perforation is by looking at the bladder at a certain angle (by the side, I think he said).
So let's hope that Mitomycin C without a perforation is a good thing.
My doc told me today that he does not always do a second TUR. If there is multiple tumors or if there is bleeding after Primary TUR, then he will do a 2nd TUR.
As already I posted, he is not longer administering Mitomycin C.
I don't know how I feel about that, but since what's done is done, I'm glad that I got the 2 doses. It must count for something.
Okay, so it looks like 2/5 Docs are using Mitomycin C at Primary TUR.
This indicates (to me) that Docs are not always waiting for a path before administration.
The low rate of 2nd TUR's astounds me.
I'm still watching this. It is so interesting.
Okay, it looks like Primary TUR with Mitomycin C is holding it's own.
I am very surprised at the results for the 2nd TUR with or without Mitomycin C.


text:
'America vs China'
'Which Feminisms?'
'Casting Off?'
'Oppositions'
'The Political State of the Union'
'Another Turn Of The Screw?'
'Presentism? Reply to T.J. Clark'
'Peter Campbell'
'Blue Labour?'
'Shifting Sands'
86 , Mar Apr 2014
Back to NLR 86, Mar Apr 2014
Susan Watkins
Few western leaders failed to pronounce on the importance of sovereignty, territorial integrity and the rule of law as Russia moved to annex the Crimea on March 18th. Issues of sovereignty had to be addressed through constitutional means and international law, Obama told his nato allies in Brussels, so that big states could not simply bully the small. Cameron was adamant that countries could not flout international rules without incurring consequences, and vowed to stand up to aggression. Merkel deplored the fact that the principle of 'might makes right' was taking precedence over the strength of law. The G7 leaders recalled, in chorus, that international law prohibits the acquisition of another state's territory through the use of force. When Schröder mused that, as Chancellor, he had joined the rest of nato in bombing a sovereign country, Yugoslavia, without any un Security Council backing, he was scolded—'shameful'—by his successor; the European Parliament's Greens tried to pass a resolution banning him from speaking on the matter.footnote1
So much for the proclamations. What is the historical record?
Western Sahara: an area of 100,000 square miles, home to the Sahrawi people, annexed by Morocco in 1975. The Sahrawis' struggle for independence had already won the promise of a referendum on self-rule from Madrid during the final stages of the Franco dictatorship. In October 1975 the International Court of Justice knocked down the claim of Morocco's ruler, King Hassan, to the territory, ruling that the Sahrawis had a right to self-determination. Hassan's response was a propagandistic 'Green March' into the Spanish Sahara, backed by a military assault on the Sahrawis' guerrilla organization, the Polisario Front. Ignoring the icj's judgement, the Ford Administration and the un helped to broker an agreement between Spain, Morocco and Mauritania, excluding Sahrawi representatives; Juan Carlos, Spain's acting head of state, ceded the territory to these two powers in November 1975.footnote2 Hassan's occupation forces bombed population centres, strafed refugee columns and seized the phosphate mines, imposing a police dictatorship that is still in place today. Far from facing diplomatic or economic isolation, Rabat was visited by Israeli leaders in 1977 and hosted meetings for the Carter Administration to set the scene for Sadat's trip to Jerusalem in 1979. That year, Hassan was rewarded with large-scale military aid from the us, France and Saudi Arabia which turned the tide against the Polisario guerrillas, who had been regaining ground. Hassan seeded the desert with landmines and built a militarized wall of sand, a thousand miles long, to keep the Sahrawis off their land. When he had finished, the un offered to negotiate a ceasefire, winning the Polisarios' agreement in 1991 by once again promising a referendum, which Rabat has stymied ever since by querying voter lists. Hassan, meanwhile, was showered with honours at Buckingham Palace and the Élysée, and given a lavish reception by the Clintons at the White House.
East Timor: seized by Indonesia in 1975. This former Portuguese colony, half an island in the far south of the archipelago, saw a brief moment of independence after the fall of the Lisbon dictatorship, offering a model of self-determination that was in stark contrast to the reign of terror Suharto had imposed across Indonesia since 1965. The us, his major international backer, knew of the invasion plan and did nothing to stop it. On the contrary: Ford and Kissinger were in Jakarta on a state visit the day before the invasion of East Timor; according to a declassified State Department telegram, they advised Suharto, 'It's important that whatever you do succeeds quickly'. The use of us-supplied weaponry could be a problem, but Washington would hope to 'construe' the attack as self-defence. The 35,000-strong Indonesian invasion force embarked on a series of killing sprees and mass executions, on the model of the massacre of communists ten years before.footnote3 Tens of thousands of Timorese were herded into resettlement camps; Amnesty would estimate that around 200,000 people, a third of the population, died from disease, starvation, or as a result of military action in the years that followed. Indonesia benefited from some $250m in us military aid between 1974 and 79. When Fretilin guerrillas were still holding out against Jakarta's rule, two years after annexation, Carter sent a dozen counter-insurgency aircraft to help finish them off. Suharto was fêted on every visit to Washington, by presidents from Reagan to Clinton. In both East Timor and Western Sahara, as Ford's Ambassador to the un famously noted, 'the us wished things to turn out as they did, and worked to bring this about'; the State Department wanted the un to be 'utterly ineffective' in these cases, and he made sure it was.footnote4
Palestine: 2,324 square miles seized; East Jerusalem and an additional 27 square miles around it annexed.footnote5 Israel's 1948–49 land grab had already expanded its territory from 1,554 square miles under the Yishuv in 1937 to over 8,000 square miles in 1949—30 per cent more than the un Partition Plan's allocation of 5,500 square miles, already tilted in the settlers' favour; some 700,000 Palestinians saw their lands expropriated and were blocked from return. The response was not sanctions, but international recognition and admission to the un, followed by Western help in obtaining nuclear weapons. When Israel annexed East Jerusalem and its environs in 1967 and seized control of the West Bank and Gaza, including the central mountain aquifer, Washington once again made sure the un would do nothing: at the last count, the us has wielded its Security Council veto 42 times to shield Israeli actions from opprobrium, while blocking Palestinian efforts even to join anodyne international agencies. Micro-annexations, by means of West Bank settlements now housing 350,000 citizens—subject not to Palestinian Authority but to Israeli law—and the Separation Wall, have proceeded unabated under cover of us-sponsored peace talks. Israel remains the world's largest recipient of us military aid and eu research funds.
Cyprus: 1,295 square miles annexed by Turkey in 1974. The Turkish invasion—tanks, jets, warships, artillery—left 4,000 dead, expelled 180,000 Greek Cypriots from their homes, and set up a puppet state, still garrisoned by 35,000 troops. Britain, controlling a large military base on the island, with assorted treaty obligations, did nothing to halt it. A short-lived Congressional arms embargo on Ankara was lifted by Carter. Turkey has since been granted lavish us military aid, special favours from the imf and sustained support from Washington and Brussels for its eu membership bid. When Cyprus itself was due to enter the eu, the us and uk sought to legitimate the Turkish land-grab by wringing consent to it with a un-sponsored plan, which would have ratified Ankara's ethnic cleansing and kept the Turkish troops in place. In a referendum, the 'Annan Plan' was rejected by a solid majority of Cypriots. Military occupation by a foreign power persists to this day, inside the eu itself, without a word from Brussels.
Few tenets have been more cherished by the 'international community' since the end of the Cold War than the notion that rights should trump state sovereignty; typically omitted from the list is the right of national self-determination. It was this principle that was trampled on by the invading power in Western Sahara, East Timor, Palestine and Cyprus—met, in each instance, by sustained popular resistance: armed, in the Sahara and Timor; both unarmed and armed, in Palestine; and plebiscitary in Cyprus, with the rejection of the Annan diktat at the ballot box. In each case, aggression with much loss of life was rewarded with lavish aid and the warmest friendship by the West.
This is what distinguishes the case of the Crimea, where scarcely anyone contests the fact that a majority have been in favour of joining Russia, seen as enjoying higher living standards; and where the annexation was forced through with scarcely a shot being fired—one soldier killed, compared with thousands of civilian deaths in the cases above. It is well known that Khrushchev re-allocated administration of the peninsula from the Russian sfsr to the Ukrainian ssr in 1954 in a typically high-handed manner, naturally without any popular consultation. There was sustained agitation for Crimean secession during the break-up of the Soviet Union. In a January 1991 referendum, seven months before Ukraine's declaration of independence, the Crimea voted in favour of becoming an autonomous republic. In 1992 the Crimean parliament scheduled a referendum on independence, annulled by Kiev, which instead offered autonomous-republic status. In 1994 the first president of the Crimean ar, who had been elected on a platform of union with Russia, called again for a referendum, whereupon Leonid Kuchma—the assassin ruler of Ukraine at the time—abolished his post and put the Crimea under direct presidential rule.
It was the build-up of Russian forces stationed by agreement in Crimea that allowed a referendum to be held along the lines of that thwarted twenty years before. Troop numbers increased from the scheduled 12,500 to 20,000. The Crimean parliament and other key buildings were secured by unmarked forces on February 27th. A new parliamentary leadership was sworn in during an emergency session and scheduled the referendum first for May, then, a week later, for March 16th. The official returns—95 per cent in favour of union with Russia on an 83 per cent turn-out—cannot correspond to the real distribution of opinion in the Crimea, where 24 per cent of the population describes itself as Ukrainian and 10 per cent as Tatar. But though nato leaders have singled out the referendum for attack—'held under the barrel of a gun', as if the elections they themselves organized in Afghanistan or Iraq were not overseen by tens of thousands of troops, armed to the teeth—none have suggested that the majority of the population in Crimea wants to remain in Ukraine. That force was needed to stage the referendum at all is plain. But this was not Chechnya, where Yeltsin and Putin rivalled Hassan and Suharto in the brutality with which they drowned a movement for national independence in blood. To that the West had no objection.footnote6 On the contrary: as Russian tanks entered an obliterated city, Clinton congratulated them on the 'liberation of Grozny'.
To qualify is not to condone. The retrograde logic of Moscow's interventions has been to strengthen Ukraine's far right and to help shore up the transitional government in Kiev, even as it implements savage imf cuts. Putin has become nato's best recruiting sergeant. The fact remains that Russia is reacting, clumsily and defensively, to a continuous eastward thrust by nato, loosely but systematically correlated with the eu's social-engineering projects. The Atlantic Alliance penetrated ex-Soviet borders in 2004, with the accession of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia (along with Slovakia, Slovenia, Bulgaria and Romania). By 2008, Washington had put Ukraine and Georgia's memberships on the table.
The return of the Crimea to Russia was a by-blow of the crisis in Ukraine, but the two are analytically distinct. Since the break-up of the Soviet Union, the Ukraine has come to constitute a latent version of a classic power vacuum, a result of the cultural and economic disaggregation of the country into two roughly equal halves. Under the Soviet system the Ukrainian ssr never functioned as a homogeneous state, in part because its key cities were so important to the Soviet Union as a whole: Donetsk for coal and engineering, Dnepropetrovsk for missiles, Kharkov for satellites and tanks—all had closer links with Moscow than with Kiev, itself a vital centre for the ussr's high-tech industry. Today, most of the migrant flow to the eu comes from the less populated western regions—Lviv is only thirty miles from the Polish border—where much of the agricultural land has been leased to multinationals and the factories closed down. The fragmentation of the country has made possible a political system more open and pluralist than Russia's, as different power blocs re-combine against each other. But it has also prevented the Ukrainian state from achieving much coherence or stability.footnote7 It is not only weaker than its counterpart in Russia but still more corrupt, captured by competing billionaires, whose oscillation in power has become the hallmark of its recent history. Thus Poroshenko, the confectionery magnate, and Pinchuk, Kuchma's son-in-law, can aim to take control of the government apparatus in Kiev in a way that Moscow tycoons like Prokhorov or Khodorkovsky can now only dream of.
The congenital weakness of the Ukrainian state, rooted in these conditions, has drawn the West and Russia into rival bids to fill the strategic vacuum. Both sides' room for manoeuvre is limited by their mutual involvement elsewhere: the us needs Moscow's assistance on Afghanistan and Iran, a greater prize than Ukraine; Russia confronts Washington's hold over the international banking system. In Ukraine, the priorities for Moscow are two-fold: to hold off any further penetration of nato or the eu inside the ex-ussr, and to prevent political contagion from the less regimented Ukrainian political arena into Russia itself. On the Western side, the eu is constitutively enmeshed in the logic and rhetoric of enlargement: if Turkey is to be invited in, on what grounds should Ukraine be excluded? Costs—per capita gdp in Ukraine is now a third of Turkey's—and caution about provoking Russia, its major gas supplier, have long inhibited the eu from too forward a policy. Germany in particular has held back, halting the Ukraine and Georgia at the entrance ramp to nato in 2008. But other eu states—notably Poland and Sweden, the powers that invaded Russia in the 17th and 18th centuries—have become much more aggressive in pressing for an eastward thrust. For Washington, meanwhile, there is simply the imperial automatism of the global hegemon: if there is a power vacuum in a medium-sized country, the State Department's reflex response is to move in and take charge. In Ukraine, the us has much less to lose than the eu, though also much less to gain than Russia. But once the crisis broke in Kiev, Washington could not resist the opportunity to construct a regime to its liking (as the graphic exchange between its functionaries printed overleaf makes clear). A subsequent issue of the Review will examine the scene inside the country and assess the consequences of these external pressures, overdetermining the fate of the people of Ukraine, whose needs are foreign to them all.
Nuland–Pyatt Transcript
The recording of this discussion between State Department operative Victoria Nuland and Ambassador Geoffrey Pyatt was released on 7 February 2014 and is available on the BBC website. It offers a vivid glimpse into the process of imperial interference overseas—'personality management'—as these functionaries plan the composition of the new Ukrainian government. Germany had been grooming the former boxer, Vitali Klitschko, with Merkel's chief of staff, Ronald Pofalla, advising on his marital problems.footnote* Nuland is determined to exclude him in favour of Arseniy Yatseniuk, former banker and head of the US-backed Open Ukraine foundation, who has 'the economic experience'. Meanwhile UN officials are summoned to 'help glue this thing'—Jeff Feltman, an American UN under-secretary-general, producing UN envoy and former Netherlands ambassador to Ukraine, Robert Serry. Events since the tape was released have corresponded closely to the scenario Nuland and Pyatt designed: on February 23, Yatseniuk was appointed Prime Minister of the provisional Ukrainian government; on March 29, Klitschko renounced his candidacy for the May presidential elections.
Nuland: What do you think?
Pyatt: I think we're in play. The Klitschko piece is obviously the complicated electron here. Especially the announcement of him as deputy prime minister, and you've seen some of my notes on the troubles in the marriage right now, so we're trying to get a read really fast on where he is on this stuff. But I think your argument to him, which you'll need to make, I think that's the next phone call you want to set up, is exactly the one you made to Yats [Yatseniuk]. And I'm glad you sort of put him on the spot on where he fits in this scenario. And I'm very glad that he said what he said in response.
Nuland: Good. I don't think Klitsch should go into the government. I don't think it's necessary, I don't think it's a good idea.
Pyatt: Yeah. I guess . . . in terms of him not going into the government, just let him stay out and do his political homework and stuff. I'm just thinking in terms of the process moving ahead, we want to keep the moderate democrats together. The problem is going to be Tyahnybok and his guys, and I'm sure that's part of what Yanukovych is calculating on all this.
Nuland: I think Yats is the guy who's got the economic experience, the governing experience. He's the . . . what he needs is Klitsch and Tyahnybok on the outside. He needs to be talking to them four times a week, you know. I just think Klitsch going in . . . he's going to be at that level working for Yatseniuk, it's just not going to work.
Pyatt: Yeah, no, I think that's right. ok. Good. Do you want us to set up a call with him as the next step?
Nuland: My understanding from that call—but you tell me—was that the big three were going into their own meeting and that Yats was going to offer in that context a . . . three-plus-one conversation or three-plus-two with you. Is that not how you understood it?
Pyatt: No. I think . . . I mean that's what he proposed but I think, just knowing the dynamic that's been with them where Klitschko has been the top dog, he's going to take a while to show up for whatever meeting they've got, and he's probably talking to his guys at this point, so I think you reaching out directly to him helps with the personality management among the three, and it gives you also a chance to move fast on all this stuff and put us behind it before they all sit down and he explains why he doesn't like it.
Nuland: ok, good. I'm happy. Why don't you reach out to him and see if he wants to talk before or after.
Pyatt: ok, will do. Thanks.
Nuland: ok. One more wrinkle for you Geoff. I can't remember if I told you this, or if I only told Washington this, that when I talked to Jeff Feltman this morning, he had a new name for the un, that guy Robert Serry. Did I write you that this morning?
Pyatt: Yeah I saw that.
Nuland: ok. He's now gotten both Serry and Ban Ki-moon to agree that Serry could come in Monday or Tuesday. So that would be great, I think, to help glue this thing and to have the un help glue it and, you know, fuck the eu.
Pyatt: No, exactly. And I think we've got to do something to make it stick together because you can be pretty sure that if it does start to gain altitude, that the Russians will be working behind the scenes to try to torpedo it. And again the fact that this is out there right now, I'm still trying to figure out in my mind why Yanukovych [garbled] that. In the meantime there's a Party of Regions faction meeting going on right now and I'm sure there's a lively argument going on in that group at this point. But anyway we could land jelly side up on this one if we move fast. So let me work on Klitschko and if you can just keep . . . we want to try to get somebody with an international personality to come out here and help to midwife this thing. The other issue is some kind of outreach to Yanukovych, but we probably regroup on that tomorrow as we see how things start to fall into place.
Nuland: So on that piece Geoff, when I wrote the note Sullivan's come back to me vfr saying you need Biden, and I said probably tomorrow for an atta-boy and to get the deets [details] to stick. So Biden's willing.
Pyatt: ok. Great. Thanks.
1 Obama: Speech at the Palais des Beaux-Arts, Brussels, 26 March 2014; Cameron: Statement to Parliament, 10 March 2014; Merkel: Statement, 13 March 2014; G7 (uk, us, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, accompanied by the eu's two presidents): Declaration at The Hague, 24 March 2014; Schröder, 'zeit-Matinee mit Gerhard Schröder vom 09.03.2014', YouTube; Greens: Gregor Peter Schmitz, 'Pipe it, Gerhard', Spiegel Online, 13 March 2014. Nikolaus Blome, 'Round Two: eu Grooming Klitschko to Lead Ukraine', Spiegel Online, 10 December 2013.
2 Jacob Mundy, 'How the us and Morocco Seized the Spanish Sahara', Le Monde diplomatique, January 2006.
3 Benedict Anderson, 'Exit Suharto: Obituary for a Mediocre Tyrant', nlr 50, March–April 2008.
4 Daniel Patrick Moynihan, A Dangerous Place, New York 1980, p. 279.
5 Yoni Mendel, 'New Jerusalem?', nlr 81, May–June 2013.
6 Tariq Ali, 'How Vladimir Putin became evil', Guardian, 28 March 2014.
7 For a comparison of post-Soviet trajectories, see Dmitri Furman, 'Imitation Democracies', nlr 54, Nov–Dec 2008.
*Nikolaus Blome, 'Round Two: eu Grooming Klitschko to Lead Ukraine', Spiegel Online, 10 December 2013.
Suleiman Mourad, 'Riddles of the Book'
Volodymyr Ishchenko, 'Ukraine's Fractures'


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Q: Creating Chat App with MySql, php ,w/o GCM I wanna make Chat App using MySql And Php , But in Syria  I can't use GCM
is there any alternative way to do it? (Not Firebase , or quickblox )
Thanks in advance ..

A: Take a look at ajax technology, you can build a full web-based chat system, and use Javascript interface to communicate with your app, so that you can notify your app user there is a new message.
BTW, you can modify your question title like Creating Chat App with MySql, php, w/o GCM

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