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Protocol - Bastion - Switch to privacy. Turn BASTION on.
Reinforce e-privacy in your way. Implement a top secure protocol in your everyday usage, ensuring data secure exchange between people and machines.
The BASTION protocol is a very secure and fast communication protocol.
Thanks to the flexible architecture, the protocol adapts to the user's requirements.
BastionChain blockchain network. Resistant to data leaks, has multi-level security.
BASTION protocol is aimed at communication between people, software and machines.
Created for business and home use.
a parallel network for secure data exchange.
That's why we created the BASTION protocol.
very fast and stable – we have 99,9% SLA! We support clustering technologies!
— be part of a better world!
The graph below shows the use case of BASTION protocol in the BASTION chat product!
and how it will evolve.
control over the person who stores data and who has access to them.
Read more about BASTION chat here.
You can use built-in support for TLS 1.2/1.3, AES-256.
You can implement into BASTION protocol in your software – it's up to you.
You can configure Intrusion Detection System or leave it as it is – it's optimized by us.
Quantum resistance and ability to cooperate with VPN and software/hardware Firewalls.
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BASTION protocol inside blockchain network!
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You can integrate with custom protocols, integrations with other systems, WebHook, WebAPI.
fast access to your and your clients data. Be part of a better world!
"We believe, that everyone deserves secure communication.


text:
February 9, 2020 | doors at 6:45pm
Abortion Access Front presents:
Ian Harvie (Will & Grace, Transparent)
Welcome to The Feminist Buzzkills of Comedy! Lizz Winstead (Daily Show Co-creator and proud Feminist Buzzkill) is hosting an evening of comedy produced by Abortion Access Front featuring some of the most hilarious feminist buzzkills in stand-up. These amazing performers will have you laughing and fighting the Patriarchy all in one night! In addition to the performances, Winstead hosts a post-show talkback with local abortion providers and activists and several activist groups have booths full of direct action items. Basically, these Feminist Buzzkills have created a great night out to laugh your ass off, get information, and take action on how to support reproductive rights across America! We can't wait to see you again!
Welcome to The Feminist Buzzkills of Comedy! Lizz Winstead (Daily Show Co-creator and proud Feminist Buzzkill) is hosting an evening of comedy produced by Abortion Access Front featuring some of the most hilarious feminist buzzkills in stand-up. These amazing performers will have you laughing and fighting the Patriarchy all in one night!
You ready to gather together like Trudeau and Macron and laugh at all the insane misogyny in the world? If so, then you are in luck, because Winstead and AAF gotchu.
and more to be announced!
Lizz Winstead is known as one of the top political comedians in the country. If it's in the news, Winstead will bring it to the stage as only she can. In this roller coaster of a world, she brings her hilarious clarity to help us make sense of it all!
But with Winstead and friends it's more than just a comedy show. These Feminist Buzzkills tour the country using comedy shows as a way to gather folks together for a night of fun, while building into the evening an awareness raising conversation about the relentless assaults on reproductive rights. In addition to the performances, Winstead hosts a post-show talkback with local abortion providers and activists and several activist groups have booths full of direct action items. Basically, these Feminist Buzzkills have created a great night out to laugh your ass off, get information, and take action on how to support reproductive rights across America!
We can't wait to see you again!
For more about Abortion Access Front and what they do check out their website! https://www.aafront.org/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
ARIA - The Official Disc of Upwind Ultimate
ARIA Ultimate is proud to be the official disc of Upwind Ultimate
You may have seen their discs flying around at an inspiring event near you, but now we're solidifying the news with a blog post. ARIA is proud to be the official disc of Upwind Ultimate!
Our missions align on a number of levels, and the work that Upwind does to increase awareness of inequities facing women, people of color, gender non-binary, transgender, LGBTQ and disabled people is both a huge win for the ultimate community and for the world. Not content with waiting at home for the community to learn about what needs to change, they've buit the 2018 Crosswind Tour to make learning about equity in ultimate accessible to people across the country, getting involved in the communities where these discussions are taking place, and turning the movement into something people feel involved in both individually and as ultimate players. It's an unprecedented idea, and the conversations coming out of it are both invaluable and far-reaching.
Strong ARIA Partnerships in the ultimate community
"The ARIA folks are great because they're always open to new ideas that combine progress and innovation." says Laurel Oldershaw, founder of Upwind Ultimate. It has been smooth sailing in working out tangible and non-tangible elements of our partnership. It makes a huge difference when the people you are doing business with are as dedicated to the sport as Laurel, it's like we speak the same language.
For our part, we're able to provide Upwind with more visibility, our knowledge of working with social partners and, of course, the best discs in the game. Together we're working to make ultimate more equitable for all and broadening some horizons in the process!
ARIA Ultimate operates with a one for one donation model in our online store, so when you buy a disc, you get to pick one of ARIA's social partners and we will donate a disc to them to further the reach of ultimate and the value system surrounding it. "I think the ARIA business model is a great first step to addressing economic inequity in this sport." We believe that a disc is far more than just a piece of plastic. ARIA offers a best in class product and a meaningful mission.
ARIA is working with top level College Ultimate Programs
Upwind and ARIA have also recently teamed up to service and support Colorado Kali, coached by world renowned Claire Chastain, a nationals level ultimate team that is turning heads this year. Keep an eye on them as they take the field and redefine what it means to be a complete and engaged athlete, ARIA discs in hand!
Want to know more about what the ARIA and the Upwind team is up to? Check out their blog, see them in action at any of the stops on their Crosswind Tour, or listen to their podcast, the Upline Cut! And, of course, keep an eye on social media for more ARIA + Upwind news!


I am still a n00b when it comes to the internet! But I have found something great today!
While I knew the existance of reddit before, the awww channel was unknow to me.
If you love anything cute, or that makes you go "awww", then this is for you with its cute pictures of balls of fluff also know as dogs to new geeky dads. All I know is I could just keep going and going and going and going with the constant pictures that make me giggle or squeal with glee!
If you don't want to lose yourself to hours of cooing, avoid this page, but those of you with hours of spare time, then check out the aww page on reddit.
I love it so much already, with a cute kitten curled up in a hand, find the kitty and a dog with a pacifier!


I am seeking to add one (perhaps two) wide angle LF lenses below the 90mm Nikon that I already have.
I have recently been also shooting aarchitecture on a Bronica 6x6 MF system with 40, 50, 65 ,a 80 mm lenses. I am dissapointed in the barrel distortion in these lenses. (I am NOT refering to converging verticals or keystoning, but to true barrel distortion. I am not just being a perfectionist, but this barrel distortion even in their normal 80mm lens truly detracts for me from the "believability and aesthetics" of the image.
On the other hand, I have had good luck in avaoiding objectionable curvilinear distortion in my only LF wide angle lens - a Nikkor 90mm f8 SW lens.
My question is will I be so lucky moving down to 75 and 47mm wide angle lenses? How much of a reality is barrel/pincushion distortion in current LF wide angle lenses from Schneider, Rodenstock, and Nikon?
I don't wan't spend any more money on lenses with noticeable curvilnear distortion.
Thanks for any knowledgeable input.
Are you printing directly from your negatives or positives, or are you scanningfirst ? A lot can be dne in Photoshop to correct distortion, or using Panotools for more advanced correction. Still, it's better if one doesn't have to deal with the distorition in the first place.
I wonder if Hasselblad Zeiss lenses have the same kind of problems?
The modern wide lenses and even many older ones for LF have very low distortion. Your MF lenses have to be retrofocus lenses to clear the SLR mirror. Some of the newest LF wideangles are retrofocus, but not as much so as to cause an optically uncorrectable distortion.
You might find that the older Nikkor lenses for Bronica show less distortion than the later Zenzanons. The Bronica S-series cameras had a falling mirror design, and the EC-series had a split mirror, so the lenses could protrude into the mirror box. They are still retrofocus, but not as much so as the comparable Distagons of their era or later MF wideangle lenses.
I have not noticed significant distortion in my 55mm Rodenstock APO Grandagon, though admittedly it is a recent purchase and I have not yet shot extensively with it yet. In doing a bit of research before buying a hyperwide, I seem to recall both Schneider and Rodenstock spec less than 1% distortion for their SA and Grandagon lenses across the image circle.
I have a 75 mm f/4.5 Grandagon-N lens, and I don't see any barrel or pin cushion distortion. I'm usually sensitive to such things, and I've seen lots of such distortion in my 18-70 mm D70 kit lens. In principle it can be fixed with panaramic tools, but it seems hard to get it just right. I am happy I don't have to worry about it with my large format lenses.
I haven't noticed any distortion from my 58 XL.
I have a 75mm 5.6 Schneider / Technica Super Angulon, and I'm very picky about barreling/distortion. It is very good, perhaps nearly or as good as it gets for any wide angle, and at f22, tack sharp edge to edge on 4x5. For me, the center filter is a must-use for most anything. This lens can be reasonably priced too.
David nailed it. The retrofocus design required for SLR cameras is what leads to most of the distortion in wide lenses on those cameras. Modern lenses such as Super Angulons and Grandagons, etc. don't show much distortion at all. I use a 65mm f5.6 Super Angulon (circa 1970's), and I don't think I have ever seen noticable barrel distortion on a chrome shot with it. I have used some 35mm and digital cameras zoom lenses that will give you a queasy feeling in your belly there is so much distortion. This is one of those areas where more "technologically advanced" cameras have nothing on our 19th century technology!
Oh and I seem to be an anomoly, but I prefer not to use a center filter. I like the darker corners, I think it adds dimension to a photo, one that is for the non-photographer is purely subliminal.
Another MF idea would be a Brooks Veriwide, which was designed around its 47mm SA, and produces a 6x10 image. No slr internals, just a viewfinder on top, and a huge, 100 degree view. Close it down some to keep the corners from getting too dark. Sharp as a tack.
Agreed, CXC, but even better would be a Vistashift with an Apo Grandagon.
It has come to this? When someone asks about inherent lens distortion, we reply with post-fixes that lead to further complications, more messing around with digital?
He asked about lenses, not distractions.
I have not had the pleasure of using the new XL lenses, but I can see distortion in all the Super-Angulons. Not a lot, and not enough to be terribly objectionable, but IMHO the only wide lens that is near perfect is the later Biogon design. Unfortunately, it is the rare Biogon that covers enough to allow even the most modest movements. I have one that allows 12 degrees of rear tilt, which is enough for a lot of work, but not enough for some. Depends on what you are doing.
The Veriwide mentioned above is either (nominal) 6x9 (Plaubel model) or 6x8 (Brooks). The former is always an F/8 lens, and some of the later had F/5.6 lenses. ...but we are drifting from LF.
I just measured a proof sheet to double check, and the Brooks-Plaubel frame occupies 60mm x 102mm, with an image of 56mm x 92mm. I've never used a 6x9 camera, but I believe their image is meaningfully shorter, hence the 6x10 designation.
The Plaubel is as close to 6x10 as you are likely to get in a compact, dedicated rollfilm camera. If you look at it as ratios with 56mm height, saying 6x10 is about right. I like it a lot. See, next to my 4x5 enlarger is a Leitz IIa. It was built for true LF, 10cm wide. Unfortunately, (don't shoot me!) I sold the Plaubel during hard times to buy my first 4x5.


House Doctor Twice table lamp brass - LIVING AND CO.
Beautiful House Doctor Twice table lamp. This brass Twice table lamp is made of metal and has a white and gray glass shade. The height of the lamp is 42cm. Comes with a 2.5m long cord and is suitable for an E14 fitting with 40W max.
Beautiful House Doctor Precise table lamp. This brass Precise table lamp is made of metal and has an adjustable lampshade. The height of the lamp is 52cm. Comes with a 2m long cord and is suitable for an E14 fitting.


text:
package com.goodskill.admin;

import de.codecentric.boot.admin.server.config.EnableAdminServer;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAdminServer
public class GoodskillAdminApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(GoodskillAdminApplication.class, args);
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Snapshot: The Samsung NZ64H57479K/SA induction cooktop has four cooking zones, which includes a flexi-zone. How well does it cook?
Four cooking zones in a range of sizes (includes flexi-zone).
Good cooking zone layout (flexi-zone at left, small at back).
Three cooking zones can be used simultaneously.
Controls too close to cooking zones.


text:
Home Cats Cat Health The declawing ban – its time has come!
The declawing ban – its time has come!
Ramona D. Marek, MS Ed
From whole countries to individual cities, a growing number of regions around the world are banning declawing.
Declawing is a hot topic in feline health. This inhumane and unnecessary surgical procedure leaves cats with negative long-term physical and behavioral issues. Unfortunately, many people still opt to declaw their cats to prevent destructive scratching. But lately, some countries, cities and other regions have banned declawing, and more are coming on board all the time.
Why declawing is so bad for cats
Contrary to popular belief, declawing involves far more nail removal. "Declawing is also known as onychectomy or partial digital amputation," says veterinarian Dr. Margie Scherk. "The surgery is actually amputation of the cat's third 'toe/finger bone'. Unlike human nails, feline nails are actually part of the bone. In human terms, it would be like cutting off a person's finger at the last joint. There are inherent risks and complications connected to this surgical procedure. Declawing also causes significant pain for cats that can last their whole lives."
Newer studies show declawing has severe negative impact on cats, not only in terms of pain but also adverse behavior. Cats experience phantom pain in the extremities because the brain still "holds" the image of the missing part. "We do know that cats experience pain directly where the nerves were severed," says Dr. Scherk. "In very many cases, this pain never stops…it's like having your fingers slammed by a door, only the pain lasts forever."
Because many declawed cats live in a state of chronic pain, they have a lower tolerance for handling and may display irritability or aggression.
Declawed cats are also more likely to suffer back pain, likely due to the permanent change in how they bear weight. Further, they may become prone to over-grooming and chewing their fur on all parts of their body, not just their toes.
Dr. Scherk adds that dclawed cats have a significantly greater chance of eliminating outside the litter box, although the exact reason is unknown. And not surprisingly, declawed cats resort to biting as their next line of defense.
Declaw bans in the US and Canada
Many countries around the world have banned declawing surgery, rightly declaring it inhumane and unethical. To date, a total of 39 countries, including Australia, Brazil, England and Japan, have banned declawing it. "The EU has banned declawing for decades, and any veterinarian performing this procedure stands to lose their license," says Dr. Scherk.
Unfortunately, no US state has so far passed declaw legislation, although several have tried. In 2017, for example, the New Jersey State Assembly voted in support of anti-declaw legislation, but the proposed legislation must pass the Senate to become law.
This doesn't mean that declawing is still legal everywhere. In the state of California, eight cities — Berkley, Beverly Hills, Burbank, Culver City, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Santa Monica and West Hollywood — have banned declawing. Additionally, California SB 1229 makes it illegal for landlords to require tenants to declaw cats, when pets are allowed under current rules.
Rhode Island has passed a similar bill (H 5426/S 177), which again prohibits landlords from requiring tenants to declaw cats as a rental condition.
The city of Denver, Colorado passed an ordinance banning declaw procedures unless medically necessary. Proposed state legislation has yet to be approved.
In Canada, Nova Scotia was the first province to declare declawing unethical, followed by British Columbia. Dr. Scherk adds that Veterinary Clinics of America (VCA), which has hospitals in five Canadian provinces, has also banned their hospitals from performing the procedure.
Most recently, the N.L. College of Veterinarians passed a resolution against declawing in early November of 2018 – as of January 1of this year, veterinarians licensed in Newfoundland and Labrador are no longer performing declawing surgeries on cats.
Different means to the same end
Even though some Canadian provinces and US cities have passed anti-declaw legislation, the driving force behind the movement is different in the two countries. The US legislation to date was enacted by civic officials, whereas the Canadian bans were enacted by the veterinary associations of the relevant provinces.
"There is more power to the movement when it is sourced by veterinarians," says Dr. Scherk. "We are trained to be animal advocates and promote animal welfare. It isn't mandatory for veterinarians in the US to belong to their state associations, and the latter bodies don't have the same legal clout they do in Canada. There are over 700 VCA hospitals in 43 states. Together with Banfield (over 900 hospitals), they could lead the way in the US. The time has come."
Alternatives to declawing
Scratching is a hard-wired, multi-purpose, natural instinct in cats. They scratch to shed the outer husk of their nails, and to mark territory. This instinctual behavior cannot be unlearned or surgically removed through declawing. Even declawed cats will go through the motion of scratching.
Scratching posts. Place stable, desirable scratching surfaces in locations your cat can mark as his territory.
Positive reinforcement. Treats, catnip and pheromones attract cats to appropriate scratching surfaces.
Regular nail trims. Nail trims reduce the damage to household furnishings and scratch injuries to people.
Nail caps. Vinyl nail caps applied to your cat's claws don't hurt him, come in a variety of colors, and naturally fall off in about four to six weeks.
declaw
declawing ban
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Next articleAre you feeding a "quality" pet food?
Ramona Marek is a writer who has been published in many national and international print and digital magazines. She is a former director of the Cat Writers' Association and has been a professional member since 2007. She is also one of a handful of non-veterinarian members of the American Association of Human-Animal Bond Veterinarians, and a supporting member of the International Association of Animal Behavior Consultants (IAABC).


text:
SaaS Agreements
Seed Round
Startup Law Blog
LLC., C Corp, S Corp: How to Pick a Business Structure
By Steven BuchwaldApril 30, 2015Startup Law
Few decisions are as important as choosing the right entity for your nascent startup. This decision is so difficult partly because at the early stage of launching a business, there are so many unknowns. Ultimately, founders should reflect on (a) corporate culture, (b) management style, (c) need for institutional funding and (d) inclination to reinvest profits into their business. These four considerations are key to determining which entity is the best fit.
The LLC
The LLC is the most popular business entity. For every corporation, two LLCs are formed in the United States. Its hallmarks are flexibility, lack of corporate formality and pass-through taxation.
A. Flexibility & Lack of Corporate Formality
The LLC statutes give carte blanche to businessmen to write their own rules and procedures and run the entity as they see fit. For this reason, it is a great choice of entity for small businesses and startups built as small businesses (( By that I mean, a self-funded business with 5 owners or less and less than 5 employees, with no institutional funding needed in the emerging phase)). For this type of startup, decisions are often reached by consensus (as opposed to formal meetings). An LLC can further the business goals of these startups by allowing decisions to be reached informally, on a consultative basis.
However, the greatest benefit of the LLC (its flexibility) is also the source of its greatest danger, and the reason why LLCs are so often misused. When an LLC operates without operating agreement or with one snagged on the Internet, serious pitfalls loom the LLC (to which a corporation would otherwise be immune). The reason is that LLC are meant to be "creatures of contract": the operating agreement is supposed to set the internal rules, not the LLC statutes. So if these internal rules fall short, the startup can get into real trouble. The LLC statutes likely won't fill the gap, thereby plunging the LLC in uncertainty and leaving it vulnerable to lawsuits.
In short, An LLC is as good as its operating agreement. It is great for small businesses type startup, where decisions are made informally based on consensus, but require taking the time to work with a lawyer to establish the startup's internal rules. A thorough and well-drafted operating agreement can go a long way toward reaping the benefits of LLC ownership by creating a customized governance structure. Conversely, without a thorough agreement, the LLC is just an empty shell, a lawsuit waiting to happen.
B. Pass through Entity
The LLC profits are not taxed at the entity level, they are passed through to its members who pay taxes at their individual level. In contrast, a corporation pays taxes at the business and individual levels. Shareholders pay taxes at their own level on dividends, resulting in a double tax. Generally, LLCs are subject to fewer tax liability but this varies depending on your particular circumstances. A consultation with a tax attorney or accountant would be well advised.
The C Corporation
The C Corporation is the entity choice of virtually all companies trading on the stock exchange. It's copious formalities, predictable rules and procedures and, ability to efficiently raise and retain capital are the chief reasons to choose a corporation.
A. Prerequisite to Venture Capital Funding
The C Corporation is the only viable entity for startups seeking to raise V.C. or angel investors funding. The reasons are as follow:
1. Predictability. Corporate law, especially in Delaware, is long established and is composed of a sophisticated corporation statute and astute judges. In contrast, the LLC is a relatively new entity. Case law interpretating the LLC statutes and operating agreements is rather slim.
2. Simpler Tax Implication. When investors acquire stocks in a C corporation, they know when the tax event occurs (at exit, when the stocks are sold). Tax implications can be quite complex in an LLC. Its pass-through nature would impose on V.C and their investors income and loss recognition every year, which is not in their best interests.
3. Ability to Participate in Tax-Free Stock Swap. If both buyer and seller are C corporations, an acquisition of the startup is eligible for a tax-free reorganization under IRC Section 368 – whereas the same transaction would generate tax obligations with an LLC.
That said, an LLC or S Corp may make a lot of sense in a startup's infancy. LLC and S Corp are easily converted into C Corp This requires some extra planning in the case of the LLC, with careful drafting "baking" the incorporation procedures into the operating agreement. And so "a best of both world" scenario can be achieved, especially when getting institutional funding is not a priority.
B. Double Taxation & QSBS Exemption
Although there is the potential for double taxation in C Corporation, startups that reinvest all their profits into the business do not suffer from double taxation. Hence, the risk of double taxation is inexistent as long as the startup is in a phase where it reinvests its capital. Conversely, an LLC or S Corp would be much better fit if profits were immediately disbursed.
Additionally, gain from the sell of certain Qualified Small Business Stock (QSBS) may be excluded from federal income tax as long as certain requirements are met, such as holding the stock for at least 5 years. This opportunity for great tax savings is only available to C Corp (however, IRC Section 1202 has expired and has not been renewed in 2015).
Overall, the C Corporation, is best when hierarchical, formal decision-making is needed, institutional funding is sought, and when capital will be accumulated and reinvested in the company. A C Corp is the gold standard of startups set for rapid human and financial capital expansions. But, it's formalities can be an impediment to efficient decision making – and can seem absurd in a 2-3 shareholders corporation (( Although the undesirable formalities can be mitigated by properly drafting closed corporations agreements.)).
The S Corporation
An S Corporation is a great option. Like the LLC it is a pass-through entity, and like the C Corp it is subject to stringent internal and external formalities. The S Corp also has three unique restrictions:
It cannot have more than 100 shareholders;
Its shareholders must be US Citizens or permanent residents; and
It can only have one class of stock.
One important tax benefit of the S Corporation is that a portion of the profits is not subject to self-employment taxes – whereas all profits are subject to it in an LLC. This can result in substantial tax gain. However, tax attorneys are needed at every step of the formation and financing process of S Corps, which obviously ramps up the cost of formation, at a time where startups' resources tend to be scarce.
Choice of EntityStartup Law
40 Wall Street, 28th Floor New York, New York 10005
DMCA Safe Harbor Explained: Why Your Website Needs a DMCA/Copyright Policy August 1, 2017
Pre-Money Vs. Post-Money Valuations: Understanding Startup Valuation July 24, 2017
7 Questions to Ask Before Issuing Stock Options to Your Employees July 17, 2017
What Legal Services Do You Need at the 3 Stages of Early Entrepreneurial Growth? June 27, 2017
Copyright vs Trademark. Differences between Copyright and Trademark March 22, 2017
© 2022 Buchwald & Associates. This website contains attorney advertising. The website content is for general informational purposes only and is not legal advice.


text:
Westerville Central Athletics: Sandvik, Mentlow to run girls cross country, track squads
Frank DiRenna
New coaches are set to take over the Westerville Central girls cross country and track and field programs.
Pending school board approval, former Westerville North runner Heather Sandvik will lead the girls cross country team and David Mentlow will guide the girls track team.
They will succeed Ryan Borland, who left to take over the boys track program at Big Walnut. Borland coached the cross country team for 13 seasons and the track team for 12.
Sandvik, 23, is a 2015 graduate of North, where she competed in cross country and track. She was a Division I state qualifier in cross country all four years and advanced to state in the 1,600 meters, 3,200 and 3,200 relay in track in her sophomore season.
"It was really more of the opportunity," Sandvik said of taking over at Central. "If it hadn't had opened up, I probably would at some point helped (North) coach (Johnny) Jackson or volunteer to work with him in some way, but I've always wanted to have autonomy over my own program. It was really hard to turn this down. I'll still get to see coach Jackson."
Sandvik holds the North program record in cross country (18 minutes, 7 seconds), along with records in track in the 1,600 (5:02) and 3,200 (11:09).
She's a 2019 graduate of Otterbein, where she was a three-time Division III All-American in the distance medley relay and also competed in cross country. She ran on the program-record distance medley relay (11:42).
For the past two years, Sandvik has served as a graduate assistant at Division III North Central College in Naperville, Illinois, in cross country and track.
"I don't necessarily think because I was a good runner in high school and college that it will make me a good coach, but it's more the experiences that I've had from all these different programs at North then Otterbein and now North Central," she said. "It's the experiences that are going to benefit me and my athletes more than anything."
Sandvik also will serve as an assistant in track under Mentlow, who has been a contributor to Central athletics since 2011, first serving as an assistant in track before also joining the football program as an assistant in 2014.
This will be Mentlow's first head-coaching position.
"I'm really excited about it," he said. "I feel prepared for it. The good thing is I've had a chance to see (football) coach (Brent) Morrison transition into being a head coach, so I've learned a lot from that.
"I've been with Borland the whole time and I learned a lot in terms of just handling the program, working with the students and the importance of that. It's about the kids. That's why I wanted to get into it. Ryan did a real good job with that. He ran the program the right way, the way I like to see it."
Mentlow, 40, is a 1999 graduate of Kent Roosevelt, where he competed in football as a defensive back and in track as a sprinter and long jumper. He then attended the University of Toledo, where he played cornerback before graduating in 2004.
Mentlow was the defensive coordinator at Northland from 2004-13 before joining the Central football program.
fdirenna@thisweeknews.com
@ThisWeekFrank


text:
\section{Introduction}

The measurements of the W and Z bosons production in hadron-hadron collisions
provide an important test of the standard model (SM) of particle physics.
Study of the W and Z production is also important, since this is a major
source of background for
searches for new physics beyond SM.
The theoretical predictions of the inclusive W and Z cross
sections are available at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in perturbative QCD.
The calculations are limited by uncertainties on parton distribution functions (PDFs),
higher-order QCD, and electroweak radiative corrections, which are available at
next-to-leading order (NLO).

This
article gives a short overview of the most recent measurements from
the Tevatron experiments
(CDF and D0), with the total integrated luminosity of $\rm{p\bar{p}}$ collisions
at $\sqrt{s}=1.96$ TeV of up to 10.5 fb$^{-1}$, and from the LHC experiments
(ATLAS, CMS, LHCb), with
approximately 5 fb$^{-1}$ of pp collisions collected at each 7 and 8 TeV
center-of-mass energies.

\section{Inclusive W and Z production}
\subsection{Measurements of
inclusive W and Z production cross sections}

The most recent measurement of the
inclusive W and Z production
cross sections was performed at the LHC in pp collisions collected in
2012 at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of
$18.7 \pm 0.9$ pb$^{−1}$~\cite{CMS-PAS-SMP-12-011}.
The LHC instantaneous luminosity increased dramatically compared to the
dataset used for the first measurements at
7 TeV~\cite{JHEP-10-2011-132,PR-D85-2012-072004}, from
$2 \times 10^{31}$ to $7 \times 10^{33} \rm{cm}^{-2}\rm{s}^{-1}$, and
the average number of inelastic proton-proton interactions (pileup)
increased
 from
two up to twenty.
Since the precision measurement requires
a low pileup and triggers with low transverse momentum thresholds,
the instantaneous luminosity was decreased by approximately a factor of ten
 in a dedicated LHC configuration.
The LHC beams were separated in
the transverse plane to diminish the effective overlap. The working point was
chosen to allow manageable rates with an unprescaled single
lepton trigger with sufficiently loose requirements, and at the same
time yielding a low average pileup.
\begin{figure}[htbp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{WInclEtmiss.png}
\includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{ZInclMass.png}
\caption{ (left) The
$E_{\rm{T}}^{\rm{miss}}$ distribution for the selected $\rm{W} \rightarrow e\nu$
candidates. (right) The dilepton mass distributions for the selected
$\rm{Z} \rightarrow \mu\mu$ candidates.
\label{fig:WZincl}}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

Leptonic W boson decays are characterized by a prompt, energetic, and
isolated lepton and a
neutrino giving rise to significant missing transverse energy,
$E_{\rm{T}}^{\rm{miss}}$. The $E_{\rm{T}}^{\rm{miss}}$ distribution for the
selected $\rm{W} \rightarrow e\nu$ events is presented in Fig.~\ref{fig:WZincl}(left).
The Z boson decays to leptons are selected based on two energetic and isolated leptons.
The reconstructed dilepton mass is used to estimate efficiencies and
measure event yields,
and is presented in Fig.~\ref{fig:WZincl}(right) for the $\rm{Z} \rightarrow \mu\mu$ decay
channel.

Assuming lepton universality, the measurements in the different lepton decay modes are combined
by calculating an average value weighted by the combined statistical and systematic
uncertainties, taking into account the correlated uncertainties.
The most powerful way to compare the measured values and theoretical predictions are
the ratios of cross sections, where some of the systematic uncertainties cancel.
Figure~\ref{fig:WZratios} presents the
summary of the CMS measurements of the ratios of the W to Z production  cross sections
 and ATLAS measurements at 7 TeV
of the $\sigma_{\rm{W}^+}/\sigma_{\rm{W}^-}$.
The measurements at both 7 and 8 TeV agree well with the standard model predictions.
\begin{figure}[htbp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{WWratio.pdf}
\includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{WZratio.png}
\caption{
Summary of the measurements of the ratios of
$\rm{W}^+$
to $\rm{W}^-$ and
W to Z
production cross sections.
Measurements in the electron and muon channels are combined and compared to the
theoretical predictions computed at the NNLO with different PDF sets.
Left plot presents the ATLAS measurements at 7 TeV~\protect\cite{PR-D85-2012-072004}
 and the right plot the CMS
measurements at 8 TeV~\protect\cite{CMS-PAS-SMP-12-011}.
\label{fig:WZratios}}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
The 7 and 8 TeV measurements are compared to the results of the low-energy experiments
in Fig.~\ref{fig:XSasS}. The ATLAS measurements at 7 TeV are
not presented but they agree well with the corresponding CMS points. The NNLO
predictions describe the data in the whole center-of-mass range.
\begin{figure}[htbp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.7\textwidth]{WZXSasS.pdf}
\caption{
Products of inclusive W and Z production cross sections and branching
ratios as a function of center-of-mass energy~\protect\cite{CMS-PAS-SMP-12-011}.
The lines are the theoretical predictions at NNLO.
\label{fig:XSasS}}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

\subsection{Study of differential distributions}

Theoretical calculations of the differential cross section
of the Drell-Yan (DY) production, $d\sigma/d{\rm{M}}$,
and the double-differential cross section,
$d\sigma/d{\rm{M}}d{\rm{Y}}$,
 where M is the dilepton
invariant mass, and Y is the absolute value of the dilepton rapidity
 are well established up to the NNLO.
Comparisons between theoretical calculations and experimental measurements
provide important
constrains on the PDFs.
The measurements presented in Fig.~\ref{fig:dymm} are
performed with CMS dataset consisting of 4.5 fb$^{-1}$ of
proton-proton
collision data in the dimuon channel collected
at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of
$\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV~\cite{CMS-PAS-EWK-11-007}.
The measurements are normalized to the Z peak region (60 - 120 GeV),
which cancels out the uncertainty on the integrated luminosity and
reduces the PDF uncertainty on acceptance, the pileup effect in the
reconstruction efficiency and the uncertainty on the efficiency estimation.
The NNLO predictions describe the mass spectrum generally well. The
right plot presents LHCb measurements~\cite{LHCb-CONF-2012-013} and effect of using different orders of
theoretical calculations on the final cross section.
\begin{figure}[htbp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.37\textwidth]{DYmmdSdM.pdf}
\includegraphics[width=0.54\textwidth]{DYLHCbdM.pdf}
\caption{ (left) The
 Drell-Yan invariant mass spectrum, normalized to the Z resonance region,
as measured by CMS and as predicted by NNLO calculations, (right)
as measured by LHCb and compared to LO, NLO  and NNLO predictions.
\label{fig:dymm}}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
In the double
differential cross section presented in Fig.~\ref{fig:dymmdy}(left)
 at low dilepton masses
the agreement between data and theory becomes pure.
The difference in predictions
due to different PDFs, as shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:dymmdy}(right),
makes the measurement
important for the future PDF constrains.
\begin{figure}[htbp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{DYmmdMdY.pdf}
\includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{DYmmdYATLAS.pdf}
\caption{ (left) The
Drell-Yan cross section
$(1/\sigma)d\sigma/d|\rm{Y}|$ as a function of dimuon rapidity, measured in
the dilepton mass range 20--30 GeV at 7 TeV by CMS and
(right) as measured by the ATLAS experiment in the region 66--116 GeV.
\label{fig:dymmdy}}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

\subsection{Measurements of the W charge asymmetry and polarization}

The W boson charge asymmetry is mainly sensitive to valence quark distributions via the
dominant production process $u\bar{d}(\bar{u}d) \rightarrow \rm{W}^{+(-)}$. In pp collisions the
production rate of W$^+$ bosons is significantly larger than the corresponding W$^-$ rate.
The asymmetry is defined as
\begin{equation}
A_\ell = \frac {d\sigma_{\rm{W}_{\ell^+}}/d\eta_\ell - d\sigma_{\rm{W}_{\ell^-}}/d\eta_\ell}
 {d\sigma_{\rm{W}_{\ell^+}}/d\eta_\ell + d\sigma_{\rm{W}_{\ell^-}}/d\eta_\ell}
\nonumber
\end{equation}
Figure~\ref{fig:WChAss} shows the lepton charge asymmetry from W-boson decays
in bins of absolute pseudorapidity for the three LHC experiments.
While the ATLAS data show the extrapolated combined asymmetry for muon
and electron measurements, the LHCb and CMS measurements have been performed
using only the $\rm{W} \rightarrow \mu\nu$ decay channel. In this plot the
maximum of the asymmetry around $|{\eta_\ell}| \approx 2.0$ can be seen very
 well as the turn-over in asymmetry, which takes negative values
above $|{\eta_\ell}| \approx 3.0$. This behaviour is related to the kinematics
of the V-A decay of the W boson, its polarisation and the different
fractions of the W$^+$ and W$^-$ bosons produced via high-$x$ sea quarks.
The measured asymmetry is well described by the predictions with different PDFs.
\begin{figure}[htbp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{WChargedAss.pdf}
\includegraphics[width=0.4\textwidth]{WPol.pdf}
\caption{ (left) The
lepton charge asymmetry from W boson decays as a function of absolute
pseudorapidity measured at the ATLAS, CMS, and LHCb
experiments~\protect\cite{ATLAS-CONF-2011-129}.
(right) Measured values of $f_0$ and $(f_L-f_R)$ for $P_T^{\rm{W}} > 50$ GeV,
compared with the theoretical predictions~\protect\cite{EPJ-C72-2012-2001}.
\label{fig:WChAss}}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
At the LHC the quarks generally carry a larger fraction of the momentum of the
initial-state protons than the antiquarks. This causes the W bosons to be boosted
in the direction of the initial quark. In the massless quark approximation, the quark
must be left-handed and the antiquark right-handed.
For more centrally produced W bosons, there is an increasing probability
that the antiquark carries a larger momentum fraction than the quark, so the
helicity state of the W bosons becomes a mixture of left- and right-handed
states whose proportions are respectively described with fractions $f_L$ and $f_R$.
At high transverse momenta more complex production mechanisms contribute, and
polarisation in longitudinal states, $f_0$, is also possible.
This state
is particularly interesting as it is directly connected to the massive character
of the gauge bosons.
The measured values of $f_0$ and $(f_L-f_R)$ from~\cite{EPJ-C72-2012-2001}
 are presented in Fig.~\ref{fig:WChAss}(right)
together with the NLO theoretical predictions.
The results show that predictions reproduce well the relative fractions of the
left- and right-handed
states, but the data
favour lower values of $f_0$ than predicted. Similar CMS measurements can
be found in~\cite{PRL-107-2011-021802}.

\subsection{Measurements of the DY forward-backward asymmetry and effective weak mixing angle}

In the SM, the DY production occurs to first order via
$q\bar{q}$ annihilation into a real (or virtual) Z boson
or a virtual photon ($\gamma^*$).
While the coupling of a fermion to the photon is purely a vector coupling,
the coupling of the same fermion to the Z boson has both vector
and axial-vector components.
The presence of both vector and axial-vector couplings gives
rise to an asymmetry in the distribution of the polar angle $\theta^*$ of
the negatively charged lepton relative to the incoming quark
direction in the rest frame of the lepton pair.
Events with $cos(\theta^*) > 0$ are classified as forward (F),
and those with $cos(\theta^*) < 0$ are classified as backward (B).
The forward-backward charge asymmetry, $A_{FB}$, is defined by
\begin{equation}
A_{FB}=\frac {\sigma_F - \sigma_B} {\sigma_F + \sigma_B}
\nonumber
\end{equation}
where $\sigma_F$ and $\sigma_B$ are the cross sections for
forward and backward processes, respectively.
The measured by D0~\cite{PRD-84-2011-012007} and predicted values of $A_{FB}$ are compared in Fig.~\ref{fig:ForwBackw}(left)
as a function of the dilepton mass.
Around the Z pole, the asymmetry is proportional to both the vector
and axial-vector couplings of the Z boson to the fermions and
is numerically close to 0. At large invariant mass, the asymmetry is dominated
by Z/$\gamma^*$ interference and is almost constant ($\approx 0.6$).
In the high mass region, the
measurement can be used to investigate possible new phenomena that may
alter $A_{FB}$, such as new neutral gauge bosons or large extra dimensions,
which are not yet observed in data.
\begin{figure}[htbp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.48\textwidth]{DYForwBackw.pdf}
\includegraphics[width=0.42\textwidth]{WeakAngle.pdf}
\caption{ (left)
Comparison between the measured $A_{FB}$ (points) and
theoretical predictions (solid and dashed curves).
The boxes and vertical lines show
the statistical and total uncertainties, respectively.
(right)
Comparison of measured $sin^2\theta_{eff}^f$ from
different experiments.
\label{fig:ForwBackw}}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
In the vicinity of the Z pole, $A_{FB}$ is sensitive to the effective weak mixing
angle $sin^2\theta_{eff}^f$ for each fermion
species ($f$) involved in a particular measurement. The comparison on the measured
in~\cite{PRD-84-2011-012007} $sin^2\theta_{eff}^f$ value to those measured in other experiments is
shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:ForwBackw}(right). The recent DY forward-backward asymmetry
measurement at CMS~\cite{PRD-84-2011-112002}
also showed no evidence for new physics at high masses.
The week mixing angle was
measured to be $0.229 \pm 0.020 (stat.) \pm 0.025 (sys.)$ in a good agreement
with the previous measurements.

\section{Diboson production}

Many extensions of the SM predict new scalar,
vector, or spin-2 particles that decay into a pair of W or Z bosons.
In addition, these
final states are sensitive to the self-interactions among the gauge bosons via trilinear
gauge couplings (TGCs).
The values of these couplings are fully determined in the SM by the gauge structure
of the Lagrangian.
The presence of anomalous neutral trilinear couplings (ATGCs)
would lead to a sizable signal enhancement in
the cross sections via $s$-channel $q\bar{q}$ scattering.

\subsection{W$\gamma$ and Z$\gamma$ production}

The cross sections of the W$\gamma$ and Z$\gamma$ processes are often  measured
as a function of the photon $E_T^{\gamma}$ threshold.
Assuming lepton universality for the W and Z boson decays, the measured
cross sections in the electron and muons channels are combined to reduce the
statistical uncertainty.
The MCFM~\cite{MCFM} program is commonly used to predict the NLO cross section.
It includes photons from direct
diboson production, from final state radiation off the leptons in
the W/Z decays and from quark/gluon fragmentation into an
isolated photon. Possible effects of composite W and Z boson
structure can be simulated through the introduction of ATGCs.
\begin{figure}[htbp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.4\textwidth]{WgammaATLAS.pdf}
\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{WWgD0.pdf}
\caption{ (left)
The measured cross section for W$\gamma$ production compared to
 the SM predictions. The measurements are performed
in different $E_T^\gamma$ and jet multiplicity regions.
(right)
Photon transverse energy distributions measured in data compared to
the expectation for the SM and for one choice of ATGCs. The data are shown as
black points.
The predictions are given by the solid (SM)
and dashed (including ATGC) lines. The last $E_T^{\gamma}$ bin shows
the sum of all contributions above 130 GeV.
\label{fig:Wgamma}}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
The recent measurements from ATLAS~\cite{arXiv:1205.2531} quoted inclusive
cross section,
using only the lepton and photon selection cuts, and exclusive, requiring
no jet with $E_T > 30$ GeV in the final state.
Figure~\ref{fig:Wgamma}  presents a summary of W$\gamma$ production measurements
 made in this study and the corresponding SM expectations. There is a good
agreement between the measured cross sections for the exclusive events and the MCFM prediction.
For inclusive production, the MCFM NLO cross section prediction includes
real parton emission processes only up to one radiated quark or gluon.
The lack of higher-order QCD contributions results in an
underestimation of the predicted cross sections, especially for
events with high-$E_T$ photons, which have significant contributions from multijet final states.

The spectra of high energy photons in W$\gamma$ and Z$\gamma$
events are sensitive to new phenomena that alter the
couplings among the gauge bosons. These effects can be
described by modifying the WW$\gamma$ coupling $\kappa_\gamma$
from its
SM value of one and adding terms with new couplings.
The photon $E_T^\gamma$ distribution in Fig.~\ref{fig:Wgamma}(right)
shows a good agreement between data~\cite{PRL-107-2011-241803} and the SM predictions and used to derive limits
on WW$\gamma$ ATGC using a binned likelihood fit to data.
The 95\% CL limits on the WW$\gamma$ coupling parameters
$−0.4 < \Delta\kappa_\gamma < 0.4$ and $−0.08 < \lambda_\gamma < 0.07$ were
obtained by setting
one coupling parameter to the SM value and allowing the other to vary.
More information can also be found
in~\cite{PRD-85-2012-052001,PRL-107-2011-051802}.

\subsection{WW production}

A measurement of the WW production, which has a higher cross section than
other diboson channels, suffers also from high background contributions.
In 1524 observed $\rm{WW} \rightarrow \ell\nu\ell\nu$ candidate events in
4.7 fb$^{-1}$ of
pp collisions at LHC,  ATLAS estimated 531 background
events~\cite{ATLAS-CONF-2012-025}.
After applying selections on leptons, the dominant contribution ($>99\%$) to
$ee$ and $\mu\mu$ events comes from the inclusive Z production.
To reduce this background and the background contribution from
hadronic multijets,
the invariant mass of any dilepton pair is required to exceed 15 GeV and is
not allowed to be within $\pm$15 GeV of the Z mass.
Further suppression of background events is achieved by  applying a cut on
the minima $E_T^{miss}$.
Suppression of the top contribution
is achieved  by rejecting events containing more than 1 jet with $P_T > 25$ GeV and $|\eta| < 4.5$, or containing b-tagged jets.
The distributions of transverse mass
of the dilepton and $E_T^{miss}$ system after all the selections
is shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:WWandWZ}(left), where
\begin{equation}
m_T^{\ell\ell,{E_T^{miss}}} =
\sqrt{2 P_T^{\ell\ell} E_T^{miss} (1-\cos\Delta\phi)}\ ,
\nonumber
\end{equation}
where
$\Delta\phi$
is the difference in azimuth between $E_T^{miss}$ and $P_T^{\ell\ell}$.
The data and the predicted distributions are in good agreement.
\begin{figure}[htbp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{WWMTATLAS.pdf}
\includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{WWZATGCD0.pdf}
\caption{ (left)
Distributions of $m_T^{\ell\ell,{E_T^{miss}}}$ for the
WW candidates after the combination of all channels. The points represent
data and the stacked histograms the signal expectation and background
estimates.
(right)
The $p_T^{\ell\ell}$
distribution summed over all channels from $\rm{WZ} \rightarrow \ell\nu\ell\ell$
production for data, SM MC predictions and for ATGC
model with $\lambda = −0.05$ and $\Delta g^1_Z = −0.06$.
\label{fig:WWandWZ}}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

Both ATLAS and CMS~\cite{PAS-CMS-SMP-12-005,PAS-CMS-SMP-12-013} measurements
of the WW cross section agree well with the SM predictions. Most recent
CMS measurement at 8 TeV~\cite{PAS-CMS-SMP-12-013},
$69.9 \pm 2.8(stat.)\pm 5.6(syst.) \pm 3.1(lumi.)$ pb, can be compared with
$57.3^{+2.4}_{-1.6}$ pb predicted by MCFM.

\subsection{WZ production}

The WZ cross section measurements performed by CDF and D0  showed a good agreement
with the SM expectations. The CDF measurement~\cite{arXiv:1202.6629} of
$3.93 ^{+0.60}_{-0.53} (stat.) ^{+0.59}_{-0.46} (syst.)$ pb agrees well with
$3.21 \pm 0.19$ pb predicted by MCFM. For the D0 measurements see~\cite{PRD-85-2012-112005}.
The ATLAS~\cite{arXiv:1208.1390} and CMS~\cite{CMS-PAS-EWK-11-010} measurements at 7 TeV
also agree with each other and with the SM predictions.
Study of WWZ ATGCs in
$WZ \rightarrow \ell\nu\ell\ell$ production at D0~\cite{arXiv:1208.5458}
used
the reconstructed transverse momentum of the two
leptons ($p_T^{\ell\ell}$) originating from the Z boson.
The effect of ATGCs is to increase the production cross
section, especially at high boson transverse momentum,
relative to its SM prediction, as shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:WWandWZ} (right).
Summary of the limits on ATGCs measured in the WZ production can be found
in~\cite{arXiv:1208.1390}.

\subsection{ZZ production}

Production of the ZZ final states, which was always statistically limited
at the Tevatron, profits at the LHC from both, increase in the luminosity and
in the center-of-mass energy.
Even if the main ZZ channel at the LHC remains the $ZZ \rightarrow 4\ell$,
ATLAS reported the cross section measurement using also $\rm{ZZ} \rightarrow \ell\ell\nu\nu$
decay channel~\cite{arXiv:1211.6096}.
It is also important to mention, that working on the ZZ, CMS reported
a first observation of the Z boson decaying to four leptons in
proton-proton collisions~\cite{arXiv:1210.3844}.
A pronounced resonance peak of 26 events was observed in the mass window 80-100 GeV
in the invariant mass distribution of four leptons with its mean and
width consistent with the Z boson, as shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:ZZ1}(left).
The product of the measured cross section and branching fraction,
$\sigma \times BR(Z \rightarrow 4\ell) = 125 \pm 26(stat.) \pm 9(syst.) \pm 7(lumi.)$ fb, is consistent
with the SM prediction of 126 fb.
\begin{figure}[htbp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.43\textwidth]{ZZCMSZ4l.png}
\includegraphics[width=0.47\textwidth]{ZZATLAS8TeV.pdf}
\caption{ (left)
Four-lepton mass distribution in $\rm{pp} \rightarrow \rm{Z} \rightarrow 4\ell$ decay channel.
The data are shown by points.
The filled histograms represent SM expectations for
signal and
for reducible backgrounds, predicted using data.
(right)
Invariant mass of the leading Z candidate versus the invariant mass of the subleading Z candidate in $\rm{pp} \rightarrow \rm{ZZ} \rightarrow 4\ell$ production.
The events observed in
the data are shown as solid circles and the signal prediction from simulation as pink boxes. The large dashed
red box indicates the signal region defined by the ZZ fiducial cuts on the Z candidate masses. Contributions
from events with one or both Z bosons off-shell are also seen.
\label{fig:ZZ1}}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
Figure~\ref{fig:ZZ1}(right) shows
relationship between reconstructed dilepton masses of the highest-$p_T$ Z candidates
and the trailing one in ${\rm ZZ} \rightarrow 4\ell$ decay channel with $\ell = e,\, \mu$~\cite{ATLAS-CONF-2012-090}.
For the cross section measurements only events are used with
$60(66) < m_{\rm{Z1}}, m_{\rm{Z2}} < 120(116)$ GeV for CMS(ATLAS).
\begin{figure}[htbp]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{ZZ2l2taumass.pdf}
\includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{ZZATGC.pdf}
\caption{ (left)
Distributions of the four-lepton reconstructed mass for
the sum of the $2\ell2\tau$ channels~\protect\cite{CMS-PAS-SMP-12-014}.
Points represent the data, and the shaded
histograms represent the expected ZZ signal and the reducible background. The shapes of the
signal and background are taken from the MC simulation, with each component normalized to
the corresponding estimated value from data.
(right)
Expected and observed two-dimensional exclusion limits at 95\% CL on the anomalous
neutral trilinear ZZZ($f^{\rm{Z}}_{4}$) and ZZ$\gamma$ ($f^{\gamma}_4$)
couplings~\protect\cite{arXiv:1211.4890}. The green and yellow bands represent the
one and two standard-deviation variations from the expected limit. In calculating the limits,
the anomalous couplings that are not shown in the figure are set to zero
\label{fig:ZZ2}}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
In the CMS paper the ZZ cross section was measured aslo using $\rm{ZZ} \rightarrow 2\ell2\tau$  decay mode.
The invariant mass of the $2\ell2\tau$ system is presented in Fig.~\ref{fig:ZZ2}(left). Finally
limits on ZZZ and ZZ$\gamma$  ATGCs are set as presented in Fig.~\ref{fig:ZZ2}(right).
All the recent CMS~\cite{arXiv:1211.4890,CMS-PAS-SMP-12-014}
and ATLAS~\cite{arXiv:1211.6096,ATLAS-CONF-2012-090} measurements agree well with the SM predictions.

\section{Summary}

In this overview we summarized some of the recent measurements related to
the production of the W and Z bosons,
more information can be found in the references.
All experiments, both at the Tevatron and the LHC,
performed cross section measurements of different channels,
charged and forward-backward asymmetry measurements, set limits on ATGCs.
Since the cross sections are increasing with the center-of-mass energy, the LHC
has an opportunity to improve all the measurements, which are statistically
limited at the Tevatron. Especially in the diboson production, the LHC
profits from both the increased production cross section and the integrated luminosity.
In the 2010-2012 LHC data taking periods
the total integrated luminosity of proton-proton collisions is expected to reach
25--30 fb$^{-1}$.

The results of the measurements are generally well described by the SM
predictions. The
theoretical systematics play a major role in some of the measurements already.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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We're still a ways off from the time when we can reasonably expect some official information on Star Wars: Episode VII to be made available, but in the meantime the rumor mill is doing a pretty terrific job of stirring the pot on its own. Today's batch of rumors involve the Episode VII characters played by Daisy Ridley - who is said to be portraying one of the protagonists (if not the protagonist) of the third Star Wars film trilogy - and Max von Sydow.
You might recall that Sydow was rumored to be playing Episode VII's main villain some time ago... and that could well be true, for all we know right now. However, according to Badass Digest's Devin Faraci - who previously gave us an intriguing rumor about who Gwendoline Christie (Game of Thrones) is playing in Episode VII - von Sydow's character will at least be introduced as a friend of Ridley's character - the latter being someone who is either named Kira or that's "what they're calling her on set."
Badass Digest is also the source for what, right now, is generally considered to be the most plausible rumored Episode VII storyline, which begins with Luke Skywalker's (Mark Hamill) lightsaber clutched in a dismembered hand, floating in space. Faraci says that a "blue alien" discovers the weapon and takes it a "salvage yard," where Kira works for Sydow's character - the latter of whom is described as "an old cyborg dude [who] maybe has dementia."
... But as soon as that lightsbaber shows up, [Sydow] gets lucid. He recognizes it. He begins to talk about the old days, name drops a couple of Prequel Trilogy characters, even. And then, after Kira and the alien leave he makes a call to a mysterious figure. "It's here," he says. But who is he calling?
It would make sense for Sydow's character to be used as a link to the past of the Star Wars universe pre-Episode VII. Besides potentially strengthening the connection between Episode VII and the upcoming Star Wars Rebels TV show, Sydow's character (as he's described in the Badass Digest report) could also provide another link to the Star Wars: Clone Wars TV series and prequel trilogy - in ways that expand upon what returning players such as Luke, Leia (Carrie Fisher), and Han (Harrison Ford) bring to the table, that is.
As to who that character is, well, by the sound of he seems more likely to be a member of the Old Republic and/or someone with a hidden knowledge of the Force (a parallel to Obi-Wan Kenobi in Episode IV, perhaps?), as opposed to a villain in hiding. One assumes that Sydow and Ridley live on Tatooine - the "desert planet" glimpsed in the first official Episode VII set video - which, in previous Star Wars movies, has proven to be an effective hiding place, so that might be a hint for why Sydow is hanging out there.
Speaking of familiar planets, Faraci has also made the following claim about a recent batch of Episode VII set photos that leaked online, depicting various space ships (X-Wing fighters, the Millennium Falcon) in a location where there was a fair amount of foliage growing over the docking bays and landing platforms.
You know all those shots from Greenham Common Air Base, with the X-Wing fighters and the Millenium Falcon? That's a familiar location - it's the Massassi Temple from the original Star Wars. Yup, they're back on Yavin IV.
This rumor also gels with the longtime claim that Ridley is playing the street-smart teen orphan "Rachel" described in the Episode VII official casting call. Similarly, the rumors about John Boyega (Attack the Block) and his Episode VII character point to him playing the young male lead in the casting call - a fellow referred to as "Thomas," who at the beginning of the film is in need of some guidance - him being a stormtrooper and whatnot.
Are some/any of these Episode VII rumors truly accurate, though? Maybe, maybe not; so, as ever, take all this with a grain of salt and keep on having fun. This Star Wars rumor game is far from done being played, after all.


text:
Q: Could Anybody explain this Swift Code Regarding Option Today I read a code like this, which made me feel confused. What does the question mark after the argument "error" mean?
if error? == nil {
    self.updateDate(NSDate())
    self.updateImage(originalPrice, newPrice: price!)
    self.updatePrice(price!)
  }

Edited: The definition of error is from here
public func requestPrice(completion: PriceRequestCompletionBlock)

public typealias PriceRequestCompletionBlock = (price: NSNumber?, error: NSError?) -> ()

tracker.requestPrice { (price, error) -> () in
  if error? == nil {
    self.updateDate(NSDate())
    self.updateImage(originalPrice, newPrice: price!)
    self.updatePrice(price!)
  }
}

A: Question mark is used for optionals unwrapping.
But in this case it does nothing.

A: In Swift the variables can't be nil...unless you specify this possibility in the type definition. In your case, the request completion block can return an error...or can be nil if everything was fine.
Here is a link to Apple's documentation:
https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/swift/conceptual/Swift_Programming_Language/Types.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40014097-CH31-XID_1126
In your if statement, the question mark does nothing. You can remove it.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
chat room Aug. 25, 2015
Elisabeth Moss on Her Crazy New Movie and What She Misses Most From Mad Men
By Kyle Buchanan
Photo: Monica Schipper/Getty Images
Elisabeth Moss ran the emotional gamut as Peggy over seven stellar seasons of Mad Men, but from the very first frame of Alex Ross Perry's Queen of Earth, you'll get to see the actress as you've never seen her before. We meet Moss's character, Catherine, at what seems to be her lowest point — her boyfriend is breaking up with her, and her father recently died — and in claustrophobic close-up, Moss cries, pleads, and lashes out as mascara-stained tears run down her face. Embittered by the the breakup, Catherine takes a recuperative week off at her best frenemy Virginia's (Katherine Waterston) lake house, but she comes to this seemingly idyllic vacation packed with put-downs, determined to make everyone else's lives as fraught as her own. This week, Moss called up Vulture to talk about playing Catherine at her most unhinged, and reminisced about the thing she never expected to miss from Mad Men.
In Queen of Earth, we see a happier, sunnier version of Catherine in flashbacks. Was it more fun to play her like that, or to play the present-day Catherine, who has stopped giving any fucks?
Obviously the latter! [Laughs.] Maybe other actors would feel differently, but I don't think so. It's way more fun for any actor to play complex emotions. Feeling good and happy is just boring. I mean, in life, it's awesome to be happy, but most actors enjoy getting a little messy.
The last time you worked with Alex Ross Perry, on Listen Up Philip, the New York Times critic Manohla Dargis wrote, "Ms. Moss is rapidly emerging as one of the most exciting actresses in American movies." Did you see that quote?
Oh, of course I saw that! Usually I don't read reviews because it can go really bad really fast, but when someone says something like that, inevitably, someone is gonna send it to you. There's nothing that's bad about that! She's awesome, and obviously I was intensely flattered and want to, like, put that quote everywhere. The main thing about collaborating with Alex is that we just want to make cool films that we would want to see, so the fruits that have come out of it, like her saying that, have been a pleasant surprise.
Your character isn't afraid to say the ballsiest, cruelest things in this movie.
First of all, you never get to do that in real life, and we all want to say things like that in life at some point or another. Second, you rarely see that coming from a woman in film. It's awesome.
And it must be satisfying to play Catherine in her most unhinged, upset moments after working on something like Mad Men, where the characters are more repressed and often don't say what they want to.
Absolutely, and they're totally different styles. Mad Men was so controlled, with so much subtext, and it was so subtle. It was a very distinct style, so it's great to be able to do something like Queen of Earth where it's no holds barred — I can do whatever I want, I can ad-lib, I can do something crazy. That kind of freedom is very intoxicating.
As intense as your fights are in this movie, there's still a comic undertone to them. I got the feeling that the meaner you had to be, the more you were cracking up afterwards.
Thank you, that's a big compliment. That's what I love about this film: You can take it seriously or you can totally not, and it's up to you. Alex and I don't care what you do. We like it when the audience is so uncomfortable that they start to laugh, or when it gets so weird that people giggle. It's walking a fine line, but that, to me, is more interesting than just trying to make you feel one thing.
You produced this film, too. You started as a child actor at the whims of everybody else, so is it satisfying to reach the point where you've got that sort of control over your projects?
Well, it's not really about controlling my output. I've worked with Jane Campion and Matt Weiner and Aaron Sorkin, and it's cool, they can totally control my output! I'm happy to have my output controlled by Jane any day. But, yeah, I have been around for a while, and I've picked up a thing or two. I don't consider myself in any way a writer or director — I know my place — but it was cool to take what I know about acting and a performance and try to use my knowledge to help the director.
So even when you've got to shoot those rock-bottom breakdown moments, the producer in you is able to watch those scenes and delight in how messed up you look?
Being a producer on this one allows me to have an objectivity that I never had before. I usually don't like watching myself — and that doesn't come from any highfalutin place of, "I can't watch myself, it interferes with my process!" It's just that it's uncomfortable when you see yourself making weird faces, or you don't like the way your hair looks or something. With Queen of Earth, though, I had to watch the first cut as a producer, and it was a very cool new experience for me. I was able to look at it in a different way.
You've got a ton of movies coming up. Is it a relief to take on this many projects without cramming them into your Mad Men hiatus?
That's the coolest thing about it, honestly. For almost nine years, I was on a schedule where you have four or five months to go do something else, and in our business, there are so many other factors that come into play than whether it's good material that fits into your schedule. Having that hurdle removed has been awesome, because I've never had that experience of thinking, I can do that film in three months, and I don't have to worry about Mad Men starting again. And obviously, there are worse problems to have than having to go back to Mad Men! That was a fucking awesome day job, and it was always difficult to find material better than that show.
I was talking to Matt Weiner this summer, and the conversation turned to Peggy's bangs — as all of my conversations do, I'm always talking about Peggy's bangs, and it doesn't really matter to whom — and Matt said you actually missed the bangs, and enjoyed having them in those early seasons! Is he telling the truth?
I got over the bangs at a certain point. But I will say that during the last season, for some reason, I saw an early episode with the bangs and I remember saying to Matt, "You know what? I know I didn't like them at the time and they were annoying in real life, but they were such a great choice for the character. When I see that Peggy with the bangs, it's just right for her and so perfect." But, yeah, at the time, I was happy to see those go.
Are there any other things you wouldn't have expected to miss from Mad Men but now find yourself having a pang for?
In all seriousness? I knew I was going to miss the character, but I forgot that I would miss Peggy with the other characters. I can play great characters again — and I have since, and it's been fulfilling — but what I forgot is that I won't get to play with Joan or Roger or Don or Pete again. That's something I didn't realize, that I really enjoyed working with those characters, and it's something that won't come back. As far as the bangs and the costumes and the pantyhose, though, no. [Laughs.]
Elisabeth Moss on Queen of Earth, Post–Mad Men
overnights Yesterday at 10:01 p.m.
This Is Us Recap: This Is Dad A dad-filled episode lacks the necessary oomph wanted in the finale season.


text:
Back To School, Ticker - Parents could be billed for police response to school threats - WBNS-10TV Columbus, Ohio | Columbus News, Weather & Sports - Back To School, Ticker
Parents could be billed for police response to school threats
Parents could be billed for police response to school threats | WBNS-10TV Columbus, Ohio | Columbus News, Weather & Sports
Angela An
Published: 08/10/17 10:00 am EDT
Updated: 09/08/17 02:32 pm EDT
When it comes to school threats, police in central Ohio say there is no more joking about violence in a school setting.
That's the message from Deputy Chief Eric Grile of Hilliard Police. He sat down with CrimeTracker 10 to talk about the important conversation parents need to have with their children before the start of school.
"It doesn't matter if it's two in the afternoon or 10 at night, a police officer is going to come to your door," Grile said. "Anyone who posts anything online, anyone who post anything in a text message or chat group is subject to us learning about that and investigating it."
Grile says in Hilliard, as such at most central Ohio school districts, a threat of violence of any kind, whether it's something posted on social media or a bathroom wall, is taken seriously.
Depending on the details of a threat, the investigation could begin with the detective bureau or it could be an immediate response.
"We will send basically all available resources to that location," Grile said. "Our investigators in the detective section, they drop what they are doing and they respond."
The cost of that initial response could be anywhere upwards of $5,000-$10,000. And that's just for that first day.
It's also a cost that could affect the family of a student who made the threat.
Kenneth Trump is president of National School Safety and Security Services, an organization based in Cleveland that helps schools assess security.
"Our parents and kids have to realize that it's no longer a joke," Trump said. "It's a situation that's going to be treated seriously, investigated thoroughly, comes with a ton of bricks that includes costs, suspension, expulsion, criminal prosecution, restitution, thousands of dollars."
There's also the cost of what's lost when class is disrupted and learning time is replaced by school evacuations and canceled classes.
"As parents and educators, we can use those teachable moments when we see other threats being made elsewhere to have a conversation with our child to say – look, you may have seen something by someone else, but this is really serious and there's why these are the things that can happen to you," Trump said.
Deputy Grile agrees, saying there's even most cost for families to consider.
"There is a cost to the parents when students are released at 1 in the afternoon, there is a cost to the feeling of comfort and safety of community," Grile said. "So there is a cost way beyond once we have arrived on scene and determined this isn't going to happen right now."
©2019 by 10TV.com. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


text:
Q: Suppose that in a region the chance that someone having a health insurance coverage is 80% and that a sample of five people is selected at random Suppose that in a region the chance that someone having a health insurance   coverage is 80% and that a sample of five people is selected at random for  a survey concerning health insurance.
Let $X$ = number of people having health insurance in the sample.
What is the probability that
$a$) One person will not have health insurance ?
$b$) At most three people will have health insurance ?
$c$). What is the expected value for the number of people with insurance ?
$d$). What is the variance and standard deviation for the number of people with
 insurance ?

A: The number of people with insurance follows a binomial distribution, with n=5 and p=.8.
Therefore the probability of $x$ people having insurance is $${n \choose x}p^x(1-p)^{n-x}$$
To calculate the probability of 3 or less people having insurance, you would independently solve the above expression for all desired values of $x$ (0,1,2,3) and add them together.
For a binomial distribution the mean is $np$ and the variance is $np(1-p)$. The standard deviation is the square root of the variance.


Federal Minister for National Food Security and Research, Sahibzada Muhammad Mehboob Sultan has visited Fauji Meat Limited (FML) Plant Site at Mirpur Sakro, District Thatta, near Port Qasim, Karachi on 9th February 2019. The Minister was briefed by FML Chief Operating Officer, Mr. Hashim Raza about the FML which is the subsidiary Company of Fauji Fertilizer Bin Qasim Limited under the umbrella of Fauji Foundation Group of Companies. FML Plant Site is the only investment in South East Asia which is built with an aim and capacity to provide 100% certified halal meat to its International and domestic consumers. It owns the largest and most technologically advanced plant in the country having capacity of processing 150 tons meat per day. Company is managing world class tractability process of animals from farms till the delivery to the customers. At industrial level FML has the capacity to generate foreign exchange from 200 to 500 Million US Dollars in the national exchequer. FML has built an international export ecosystem which is facilitating in growing the brand name irrespective of terrestrial limitations. The company has already Government to Government approval of meat export in 11 countries. Recently, FML has attracted domestic consumers under the brand name "Zabeeha" by opening outlets in CSD Lahore, Karachi and Rawalpindi. More stores will be opening in all major cities shortly. Also Franchise Outlets are planned all over Pakistan. Its products are hygienic, fresh and wholesome as per International and local target markets requirement. FML is dedicated for economic growth and social uplifting of underprivileged farmers through various support programs recognized by UN and USAID. FML has made joint venture agreements with Fattening Farms of Sindh and Punjab. Fauji Foundation has the resolve to help the Government in bonafide sector. The company is thankful to the Federal Minister for National Food Security and Research, Sahibzada Muhammad Mehboob Sultan and Food Secretary Hashim Popalzai, who had spared time to visit the Plant Site and attended the famers' conference. Company assures that Government will be fully supported in the livestock sector as per the resolve of the Prime Minster of Pakistan.


"The old white sportswriters said the flicking, shying kid with the silly doggerel would get knocked into the ringside seats with one punch," Sally Jenkins wrote Saturday for the Washington Post.
"It was 1964, and Cassius Clay hadn't yet butterflied into the mythic champion Muhammad Ali. He was still incubating in a sweltering Miami Beach gym, where the aging opinion-makers in their narrow neckties watched him work out, disapprovingly, as he rapped out verses on the heavy bag with his light gloves, whap-whap-whap-wump.
"The rumor was that he was hanging around with Malcolm and the Muslims. But even worse was the way he fought. The kid ran from a punch.
"He was still emerging, just a nascent 22-year-old 'whose face turned to cameras as flowers answer to the sun,' as his biographer Dave Kindred would write. For just 25 cents, anyone could go watch him work at the 5th Street Gym, an airless, low-ceilinged hotbox up a wood staircase in a slummy part of Miami Beach.
"Somehow with just 19 pro victories he had quick-lipped his way into a world-heavyweight bout with Sonny Liston, the gangsters' pal with the truncheon fists, against whom he was an 8-1 underdog. 'He was box-office sacrifice,' remembers Robert Lipsyte, then a 26-year-old sportswriter sent to cover him by the New York Times, because the main boxing writer considered him too insignificant to bother with. . . .
Jenkins also wrote, "Almost nobody believed in the challenger, or understood who he was. Nobody. The promoters had such trouble selling tickets to the fight that they cautioned Clay to keep his Muslim conversion quiet. Talk got around anyway that Malcolm X was coming to Miami and there was someone in his camp from the Nation of Islam, which only made the older white sportswriters more suspicious.
"Red Smith didn't like those 'unwashed punks' of the counterculture. Joe Louis was the right kind of dignified black champion; he kept his mouth shut and called columnist Jimmy Cannon 'Mister.' . . ."
Still, Neil Best wrote Saturday for Newsday, "Muhammad Ali was not the first athlete to understand and exploit modern media hype, but no one came close to mastering the art in its early form quite like the famed boxer, who died Friday night at age 74.
"Some journalists of the era were baffled by him. Others were offended, a common occurrence for unconventional public figures of the 1960s as society underwent radical upheaval and generations clashed.
"But for those who got Ali's jokes, and who accepted his serious side, he was a media gift that kept on giving and who did well by his chroniclers. . . ."
In death, early fears that Ali would be sanitized and deracinated were unrealized. African American writers, particularly, emphasized his racial pride but also his imperfections.
Ishmael Reed, New York Times: Muhammad Ali: Worshiped. Misunderstood. Exploited.
"Hillary Clinton secured the delegates needed to clinch the Democratic nomination Monday night, according a tally by the Associated Press (accessible via search engine), crossing a historic milestone as she campaigned in California and pushed to end a long presidential primary campaign on a high note," Colleen McCain Nelson reported Monday for the Wall Street Journal.
"Mrs. Clinton, who was only 23 delegates shy of the 2,383 needed for victory after Sunday's Puerto Rico primary, received commitments from additional delegates late Monday. Just a day before Tuesday's contests in California and five other states, Mrs. Clinton emerged as her party's presumptive nominee and the first woman to lead the ticket for a major U.S. political party.
"The former secretary of state had been expected to win the delegates needed to secure victory in Tuesday's primaries, but a last-minute show of support from a number of superdelegates pushed her across the finish line a day earlier. . . ."
"An embattled Donald Trump urgently rallied his most visible supporters to defend his attacks on a federal judge's Mexican ancestry during a conference call on Monday in which he ordered them to question the judge's credibility and impugn reporters as racists," Kevin Cirilli, Michael C. Bender and Jennifer Jacobs reported Monday for Bloomberg.
"There was no mention of apologizing or backing away from his widely criticized remarks about U.S. District Judge Gonzalo Curiel, who is overseeing cases against the Trump University real-estate program.
The reporters also wrote, "A clearly irritated Trump told his supporters to attack journalists who ask questions about the lawsuit and his comments about the judge.
"Suggesting a broader campaign against the media, Trump said the campaign should also actively criticize television reporters. 'I'd let them have it,' he said, referring to those who Trump portrayed as hypocrites."
"BuzzFeed has pulled out of an advertising agreement with the Republican National Committee over objections to Donald Trump's rhetoric," Hadas Gold, Mike Allen and Alex Spence reported Monday for Politico.
"The buy was for $1.3 million, a source close to BuzzFeed told POLITICO. The source said that the main consideration was the site's employees — that BuzzFeed could not countenance 'having employees make ads, or working at the company and having our site promoting things, that limit our freedom and make it harder for them to live their lives.' . . ."
Luisita Lopez Torregrosa, NBC News Latino: Analysis: Will The Year of Trump Propel Latinas to U.S. Senate?
"It's a common rite of journalistic passage: the night cops beat," John Eligon wrote Saturday in the New York Times' Race/Related newsletter.
"Many news reporters have started out working overnights tethered to a police scanner and telephone, ready to march to the latest crime scene.
"Last week, I joined about two dozen of my New York Times colleagues to take this practice to the extreme.
"A team of reporters, editors, photographers, videographers and social media experts gathered in Chicago over the Memorial Day weekend to document how Chicago was grappling with its intractable problem of street violence.
"The Times, of course, has had a bureau in Chicago for decades. Our bureau chief, Monica Davey, is a daughter of the city who has regularly covered some of the maddening, high-profile cases of senseless violence there. But this time we set out to go beyond individual incidents; we joined Monica to collectively explore the trickiest question of all: Why?
"Working shifts that spanned around the clock, we dispatched journalists to every report of someone being shot. We monitored the police scanner and social media. At each scene, we sought to talk to the people involved in the shooting, the people who live in the neighborhoods and, when we could, the emergency responders.
"Our goal was to stitch together an on-the-ground account of what this tragic violence looks like — to bring readers with us and connect them to the emotion and the experience, even if they've never visited Chicago. . . . "
"Roots had a respectably steady four-night run, despite ample competition from the NBA and the start of broadcast's summer reality blitz," Michael O'Connell reported Friday for the Hollywood Reporter.
The reimagining of the 1977 miniseries also prompted opinion pieces after rapper Snoop Dogg called for a boycott in an expletive-filled selfie video, saying, "I don't understand America. They just want to keep showing the abuse that we took hundreds and hundreds of years ago. But guess what? We're taking the same abuse. Think about that part. When you all going to make a (expletive) series about the success that black folks is having. The only success we have is Roots and 12 Years A Slave?"
O'Connell continued, "The miniseries, simulcast on sister networks History, A&E and Lifetime, concluded Thursday night with 4.2 million viewers. No same-day showing matched Monday's 5.3 million-strong premiere, but the interim marked a very stable string for the eight-hour event. Tuesday's installment averaged 4.6 million viewers, while Wednesday climbed back up to 4.8 million viewers. . . ."
O'Connell also noted, "the project is also a prestige play — premiering just within the window of Emmy eligibility. Emmy voting kicks off June 13, with nominations for the 2016 show set to be announced July 14. . . ."
Natasha Lightfoot, Nadra Kareem Nittle, Danielle Belton, R. Scott Heath: New York Times "Room for Debate": Do Dramas About Slavery Stifle Tales of Black Lives Now?
Leonard Pitts Jr., Miami Herald: 'Roots' is reality. Deal with it, Snoop!
"Hollywood has a long way to go in diversifying its ranks of actors, writers and directors," Gary Levin reported Thursday for USA Today. "But the network-TV business is miles ahead of its movie-studio counterparts, according to an analysis of the new primetime schedules announced last month. ABC and Fox are leading the way, while inclusiveness in new CBS series lags. . . ."
"Waverly L. Easley worked hard to maintain The Philadelphia Tribune as the longest-running African-American newspaper in the country," the Tribune said in an editorial Friday. "And for that hard work and dedication, we say thank you. A former president of The Tribune, Easley died Saturday, May 28, 2016 at the age of 91. He spent 35 years here at The Tribune, first working as business manager, then controller, then executive vice president/general manager before finally ascending to helm of the paper as president and CEO. . . ." News story.
"UC Berkeley political scientist and professor of law Taeku Lee is part of a team leading a newly announced, expanded study of the experiences and attitudes of Asian Americans in the most extensive look to date at the nation's fastest-growing racial group," the university announced on May 31. "The research, backed with $507,000 in funding from the National Science Foundation, will be conducted this year and published in summer 2017. . . ."
Alison Bethel McKenzie, who left the International Press Institute in Vienna, Austria, at the end of 2014, is heading for Bangalore, India, to become visiting professor for print and investigative journalism at the Indian Institute of Journalism and New Media for the academic year 2016-17. Vice Dean Kanchan Kaur messaged Journal-isms, "We look forward to having her on campus. I'm sure her vast experience will bring depth and vigour to our programme." After a journalism career that included stints at the Boston Globe, the Detroit News and Legal Times, and training journalists overseas, Bethel McKenzie joined IPI in 2009 and later became the first African American to head an international press freedom organization. She told Journal-isms that she is starting an MBA in media leadership and will remain vice president of the Media Institute of the Caribbean.
"About two months ago, Raleigh businessman Smedes York read that Orage Quarles III was retiring after 16 years as president and publisher of The News & Observer" in Raleigh, N.C., Executive Editor John Drescher wrote Friday. "York, a former mayor who's active in civic affairs, wrote Quarles a note. You need to stay right here, York wrote. Quarles, 65, retired Friday. York will get his wish: Quarles, who grew up in California and worked for several papers there, and his wife will remain in Raleigh. Quarles' successor has not been named. . . ."
In Cambridge, Mass., "A former WCVB photographer was honored Saturday by having a corner of Cambridge dedicated to him," the station reported on Saturday. "The city of Cambridge renamed the corner of Copley and Fayweather streets the Robert N. Wilson Square in honor of the late Robert Wilson who passed away in 2014. . . ."
"Malcolm Gladwell is moving his unique takes from the written world to the audio realm with the launch of Revisionist History, a new podcast from the Panoply network," Chris O'Shea reported Monday for FishbowlNY. "History will feature Gladwell reexamining overlooked or misunderstood people, places and events from the past. . . ."
"Cordell Eddings, a Bloomberg News reporter covering bonds and corporate finance, has left the news agency for a job as a senior editor at Group SJR, a content marketing firm," Chris Roush reported Friday for TalkingBizNews. "Eddings had been at Bloomberg in New York for eight years. . . ."
"David Gilkey, an NPR photojournalist who chronicled pain and beauty in war and conflict, was killed in Afghanistan on Sunday along with NPR's Afghan interpreter Zabihullah Tamanna," Eyder Peralta reported Sunday for NPR. "David and Zabihullah were on assignment for the network traveling with an Afghan army unit. . . ."
"Gunmen suspected of belonging to Somalia's Islamist al Shabaab group shot and killed a female journalist working for state-run radio on Sunday, police said," Abdi Sheikh reported Sunday for Reuters. "Major Nur Ali, a police officer, said Sagal Salad worked for Radio Mogadishu. . . ."
Richard Prince's Journal-isms originates from Washington. It began in print before most of us knew what the internet was, and it would like to be referred to as a "column." Any views expressed in the column are those of the person or organization quoted and not those of any other entity.


text:
IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
445 Hoes Lane
Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA
(800) 701-IEEE
IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. - 3-1943
AIEE Standards for Guiding Principles for the Selection of Reference Values for Electrical Standards
Organization: IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
Publication Date: 5 April 1943
Status: superseded
Page(s): 1 - 10
ISBN (Electronic): 978-1-5044-0292-7
DOI: 10.1109/IEEESTD.1943.7407281
This pamphlet serves as a guide in the preparation or revision of standards for apparatus or materials of specific types or fields of use. If a particular existing standard calls for other... View More
This pamphlet serves as a guide in the preparation or revision of standards for apparatus or materials of specific types or fields of use. If a particular existing standard calls for other provisions, the existing standard should be followed. The values given are not mandatory, but are recommended for use in preference to other values unless there are good technical or economic reasons for using others. The values recommended have in general been selected to agree with well-established practices. Provisions are made for a great variety of conditions and for widely different apparatus and materials, some of which may be of practical importance only under unusual circumstances. In any individual standard, only those quantities of real practical importance in the particular case should be used. When ranges are suggested, it is generally with the thought that acceptance tests may be made within that range. Tests may be made outside the range, if acceptable, and agreed upon correction factors are available.
ST 3:1998
For Television Analog Recording — Frequency Response and Operating Level of Recorders and Reproducers — Audio 1 Record on 2-in Tape Operating at 15 and 7.5 in/s
This standard specifies the frequency response and operating level for recorders and reproducers for audio 1 record for 2-in quadruplex video magnetic tape recording at 15 in/s and 7.5 in/s (381 mm/s...
EG 3:1994
Projection for Technical Conferences
This guideline specifies the minimum condition and parameters for effective presentation of papers at technical conferences.
IEEE Recommended Practice in the Selection of Reference Ambient Conditions for Test Measurements of Electrical Apparatus
It is the purpose of this document to identify and recommended a set of standard reference values for certain ambient parameters which are significant in electrical test measurements.
AIEE Guiding Principles for the Selection of Reference Values for Electrical Standards
This pamphlet serves as a guide in the preparation or revision of standards for testing or performance of apparatus or materials of specific types or fields of use. If a particular existing standard...
This pamphlet serves as a guide in the preparation or revision of standards for apparatus or materials of specific types or fields of use. If a particular existing standard calls for other...
AIEE Proposed Standard for Guiding Principles for the Selection of Reference Values for Electrical Standards
Test results and general performance of electrical apparatus, conductors and materials frequently are influenced by conditions such as Temperature, Pressure, Altitude, Density and Humidity of the...
P62.42.1/D3, October 2014 - IEEE Draft Guide for the Application of Surge-Protective Components in Surge Protective Devices and Equipment Ports - Part 1 Gas Discharge Tubes (GDTs)
November 3, 2014 - IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
The C62.42 guide series covers surge protective components (SPCs) used in power and telecom surge protective devices (SPDs) and equipment ports. This part on Gas Discharge Tube (GDT) technology SPCs covers: Component construction Characteristics Ratings Application examples The application examples ...
PC62.44/D15.2, Oct 2014 - IEEE Draft Guide for the Application of Low-Voltage (1000 Volts rms or Less) Surge Protective Devices Used on Secondary Distribution Systems (Between the Transformer Low-Voltage Terminals and the Line Side of the Service Equipment)
January 1, 2014 - IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
This guide encompasses the application of surge protective devices (secondary arresters) fromthe secondary terminals of the distribution transformer to the line side of the service equipment.
PC62.34/D15.2, Oct 2014 - IEEE Draft Standard for Test Methods and Performance of Low-Voltage (1000 V rms or less) Surge Protective Devices Used on Secondary Distribution Systems (Between the Transformer Low-Voltage Terminals and the Line Side of the Service Entrance Equipment)
This standard applies to surge protective devices designed for application on the low-voltage supply mains (1000 V rms and less, frequency between 48 and 62 Hz) and intended to be connected at locations between, and including, the secondary terminals of the distribution transformer and the line side...
P1264/D6, Oct 2014 - IEEE Approved Draft Guide for Animal Deterrents for Electric Power Supply Substations
April 10, 2015 - IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
This guide documents methods and designs to mitigate interruptions, equipment damage and personnel safety issues resulting from animal intrusions into electric power supply substations, thereby improving reliability and safety, and minimizing the associated revenue loss.
PC62.62/D1, Dec 2014 - IEEE Draft Standard Test Specifications for Surge-Protective Devices (SPDs) for Use on the Load Side of the Service Equipment in Low-Voltage (1000 V and Less) AC Power Circuits
Recommended practices for the engineering and design of flexible and rigid bus connections for bus and equipment in electric power substations located in seismically active areas are provided in this document.
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