text:
List of International Organizations
SNAP, General Knowledge, CMAT, XAT, IIFT
Anisha Mukhija2022-11-28T10:12:04+00:00
By Anisha Mukhija CMAT, General Knowledge, IIFT, SNAP, XAT 0 Comments
List of International Organizations: All you need to know!
International organizations are one of the hot topics that are usually asked in MBA exams. You can expect at least one or two questions on these. They are definitely easier to score since it's an exhaustive list and if you remember some of these top International organizations and their details, you should be good to go. Read ahead for the list of the main International organization and their details:
1. United Nations Organization (UN):
Headquarters: New York, US
Founded: 24th October 1945
Secretary-General: Antonio Guterres
About the organization: The UN organization aims to maintain international peace and security and is focused on developing friendly relations among nations. They also aim to achieve international cooperation and act as a centre for harmonizing the actions of various member nations. The five permanent members of the UN are China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
2. United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) :
Founded: 11th December 1946
Current Head: Henrietta H. Fore
About the organization: UNICEF has the responsibility of providing humanitarian and developmental aid to all children worldwide.
3. World Health Organization (WHO):
Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland
Founded: 7 April 1948
Current Head: Director General – Tedros Adhanom
About the organization: WHO is responsible for international public health and cooperation. It is an agency of the UN.
4. World Economic Forum:
Headquarters: Cologny, Switzerland
Founded: January 1971
Current Head: Klaus Schwab
About the organization: WEF is an International Organization for Public-Private Cooperation. They are committed to improving the economic state of the world.
5. International Monetary Fund (IMF):
Headquarters: Washington, D.C., United States
Founded: 27 December 1945
Current Head: Chief Economist – Gita Gopinath
About the organization: The IMF works towards fostering global monetary cooperation that helps facilitates international trade and economic growth amongst countries.
6. World Bank :
Founded: July 1944
Current Head:
President of WV: David Malpass
Country Director for the World Bank in India: Junaid Kamal Ahmad
Group Managing Director and Chief Financial Officer: Anshula Kant
About the organization: The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides grants to developing countries in order to aid their economic development and help fight poverty worldwide through sustainable solutions. It has an extended family of five international organizations under it:
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
International Finance Corporation (IFC)
Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)
International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID)
7. World Trade Organization :
Founded: 1 January 1995
Current Head: Roberto Azevêdo
About the organization: The WTO deals with the global rules of trade between nations and helps in regulating international trade between member nations.
8. United Nations Education Scientific & Cultural Organization (UNESCO):
Headquarters: Paris, France
Founded: 16 November 1945
Current Head: Audrey Azoulay
About the organization: UNESCO is an agency of the UN that aims at building world peace, eradicating poverty, establishing sustainable development, and intercultural dialogue through education between nations of the world.
9. South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)
Headquarters: Kathmandu, Nepal
Founded: 8 December 1985, (in Dhaka, Bangladesh)
Current Head: Secretary-General – Esala Weerakoon
About the organization: SAARC is a regional intergovernmental organization of countries in South Asia. Its member states are India, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Bhutan, the Maldives, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Pakistan.
10. Association of South East Nations (ASEAN)
Headquarters: Jakarta, Indonesia
Founded: 8 August 1967
Current Head: Lim Jock Hoi Mon
About the organization: ASEAN is an intergovernmental organization in Southeast Asia, which promotes and facilitates overall integration among its members. It has a total of 10 members.
11. Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD) :
Founded: 30 September 1961
Current Head: Angel Gurría
About the organization: The OECD is an intergovernmental economic organization with 37 member countries, that aims towards stimulating an environment of economic progress and world trade.
Also read: GK on animals
12. Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB):
Headquarters: Beijing, China
Founded: January 2016 (began operations)
Current Head: Jin Liqun
About the organization: The AIIB is a financial institution that aims to support the building of infrastructure in the Indo-Pacific region and provides funding to countries for this purpose.
13. New Development Bank (BRICS Development Bank)
Headquarters: Shanghai, China:
Founded: 15 July 2014
Current Head: K. V. Kamath
About the organization: The New development bank is a multilateral development bank established by the BRICS states to support public or private projects through various financial aid.
14. Asian Development Bank (ADB)
Headquarter: Manila, Philippines
Founded: 19 December 1966,
Current Head: Masatsugu Asakawa
About the organization: ADB is a regional development bank established with the aim to foster growth and cooperation among countries in the Asia-Pacific Region.
15. African development bank (AfDB):
Headquarter: Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
Founded: Akinwumi Adesina
Current Head: 10 September 1964
About the organization: The AfDB is a financial institution that contributes to poverty reduction and economic and social development in the least developed African countries.
16. World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) :
Headquarters: Gland, Switzerland
Founded: 29 April 1961
Current Head: Carter Roberts
About the organization: WWF is a global organization that works in the field of wilderness preservation and environmental protection.
17. United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
Headquarters: Vienna, Austria
Current Head: Li Yong
About the organization: UNIDO is a specialized agency of the United Nations that assists countries in economic and industrial development.
18. International Atomic Agency – Vienna, Austria
Headquarters: Vienna, Austria
Current Head: Rafael Grossi
About the organization: The International Atomic Agency facilitates an environment of peaceful use of nuclear energy and ensures that such use is not for any military purpose, including for nuclear weapons.
19. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) – Vienna, Austria
Founded: September 1960
Current Head: Mohammed Barkindo
About the organization: co-ordinate and unify the petroleum policies of its member countries and ensure the stabilization of oil markets
A list of some other international organizations and their headquarters are:
United Nations Conference on Trade & Development (UNCTAD):
International Maritime Organization:
Headquarters: London, UK
Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC):
Headquarter: Singapore
Commonwealth of Nations:
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO):
Headquarters: Brussels, Belgium
International Cricket Council (ICC):
International Olympic Committee:
Headquarters: Lausanne, Switzerland
The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA):
Headquarters: Zurich, Switzerland
The Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW):
Headquarters: The Hague, The Netherlands
Food & Agricultural Organization (FAO):
Headquarter: Rome, Italy
International Court of Justice:
World Meteorological Organization:
I hope you found this article on the list of International Organizations and their headquarters useful. Happy learning!
Click here to prepare for exams like SNAP, XAT, IIFT, and TISSNET with our GK course
Anisha Mukhija
Anisha has done MBA in Marketing from NMIMS And Executive Management(PMNO) from Harvard Business School. She has been instrumental in growing the CATKing Digital with her experience from Marico and Henkel in the past.
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text:
Q: Open Mapping Thm Suppose $G$ is an open set in the complex plane and $f$ is a (complex valued) meromorphic function on $G$. IS $f$ necessarily an open map?
What if $f$ is an extended complex valued function? Is it an open map?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:Introduction}

The geometry of the crystal structure and strong nearest neighbour interactions in compounds containing transition metal ions give rise to phenomena such as geometric frustration, noncollinear magnetism and the coupling of these properties \cite{Fries1997,Hur2004,Ye2007,Melchy2009,Deng2015}. The compounds display new magnetic properties including canted ferromagnetic state \cite{Fruchart1978,Ramirez1994,Greedan2001,Yu2003,Greedan2006,Yang2011,Matan2011}, non collinear ferrimagnetism \cite{Yan2014}, metamagnetism \cite{Dendrinou-Samara2018}, giant magnetostriction \cite{Shimizu2012,Shibayama2011}, unusual magnetic hysteresis behaviour \cite{Sun2014}, giant magnetoresistance \cite{Kamishima2000} among others. The enhanced magnetic interactions make these materials prominent candidates for applications in quantum computation, data storage, magnetic refrigeration, and spintronics~\cite{Stamp2009,Evangelisti2010,Troiani2011,Timco2011,Dong2017}.\\

The G-Phase based compounds crystalize in a Mg$_6$Cu$_{16}$Si$_7$ (ternary) or Th$_6$Mn$_{23}$ (binary) type structure. The system consists of a complex network of octahedra and supertetrahedra with at least one of the constituting element being a transition metal~\cite{Hellenbrandt2004,Holman2008}. Several studies of these systems have focused primarily on the properties associated with high density magnetic information recording media, magnetic suppression and superconductivity~\cite{Spiegel1963,Chaudouet1983,Bowden1997,Ostorero2001,Ostorero2005,Holman2008}. However, a complex crystal structure containing transition metals holds promises for unique magnetic coupling that can give rise to multifunctional behaviour in these compounds.\\

The Ni-Mn-Si based Mn$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$ type G phase was proposed to be an antiferromagnetic system below 200 K by~\citet{STADNIK1983}. Further neutron diffraction and magnetization analysis by \citet{Kolenda1991} resulted in a proposed magnetic structure in which all Mn spins are ordered below 200 K with a moment of $2.7 \mu_B$/Mn  atom at 80 K, the base temperature of their study. Nonetheless, some aspects of the physical properties of the system seem inconsistent with this model, for example the magnetic susceptibility increases as the temperature decreases below T$_{N}$ which deviates  from  conventional antiferromagnetic behavior in a polycrystalline system.\\

In the present work, comprehensive studies of the magnetic properties of a Mn$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$ single crystal grown by the Czochralski method as well as neutron diffraction on a powder sample are presented. The temperature range of the measurements is extended to 2 K. The emergence of an additional low-temperature phase transition below 50 K is reported. Magnetic structures refined at 100 K and 3.5 K from the neutron data are found to be more consistent with the bulk susceptibility data and the presence of geometric frustration. We discuss the possible changes in the magnetic structure of Mn$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$ compound in terms of the magnetic susceptibility measurements.

\section{Experimental details}\label{sec:Experimental details}

The Mn$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$ single crystal was grown by the Czochralski crystal growth method under an argon atmosphere using the RF heating. High purity Ni (99.95\%), Mn (99.98\%) and Si (99.999\%) were melted in an alumina crucible, and the crystal was pulled using a tungsten wire seed with a constant pulling rate of 0.5 mm/min and 30 rpm rotation. The growth direction was found to be along $<110>$ from Laue X-ray data. Pre-oriented samples of 2 mm$\times$2 mm$\times$2 mm were spark cut form the as-grown crystal and used for magnetic and specific heat measurements.\\

Studies of the magnetic properties were conducted with a Quantum Design MPMS SQUID magnetometer. The zero field cooled (ZFC)-field cooled (FC) magnetic susceptibly measurements were carried out from 350 K to 2 K on an oriented single crystal with a constant magnetic field of 1000 Oe applied in $<100>$, $<110>$ and $<111>$ direction.\\

The heat capacity of the compound was measured from 2K to 303 K using the Quantum Design PPMS system on the same 2 mm$\times$2 mm$\times$2 mm crystal samples used in magnetic studies.\\

The neutron diffraction studies of the Mn$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$ compound were performed at the Canadian Neutron Beam Centre in Chalk River on the C2 High Resolution Powder Diffractometer with a wavelength of 1.33{\AA}. The diffraction data were collected on about 4 grams of the powdered Mn$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$ sample, sealed in a thin-walled vanadium tube under argon atmosphere. The powder was obtained from a larger polycrystalline ingot, prepared by arc-melting of the pure elements under argon atmosphere. To improve homogeneity, the ingot was remelted three times. Excess Mn was added to compensate for the evaporation loss of the element. The compound was then sealed in an evacuated silica tube, annealed at 800 $^\circ$C for two weeks and subsequently, quenched in ice water mixture to further improve the crystallinity. No mass loss was observed due to annealing. Phase purity  was confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction using a \emph{PANalytical X'Pert Pro diffractometer} with Co K$\alpha_{1}$ radiation (Refinement profile shown in SI-1).\\

Refinement of the diffraction data was performed using the full-profile Rietveld method implemented in the FullProf program \cite{Rodriguez-Carvajal1990,Rodriguez-Carvajal2001,Rodriguez-Carvajal2011}. The magnetic configurations were generated with the representation analysis program SARAh \cite{Wills2000}.

\section{Results}\label{sec:Results}
\subsection{Magnetic susceptibility}\label{sec:Magnetic susceptibility}

Fig.~\ref{fig:ZFC-FC-100-110-111-1000Oe} shows ZFC-FC magnetic susceptibly between 2 K and 350 K under the constant magnetic field of 1000 Oe applied along $<100>$, $<110>$ and $<111>$ directions of the crystal. The data clearly showed two transitions at $\sim$50 K and 197 K, the latter in agreement with \citet{Kolenda1991}. Additionally, there was a  ZFC/FC divergence below 6 K suggesting a weak spin freezing effect. Thus, two new anomalies are discovered here below the 80 K base temperature of the earlier studies. A comparison of the $<100>$, $<110>$ and $<111>$ ZFC-FC data (SI-2) showed a inconsistent anisotropic behavior of ZFC and FC magnetic susceptibility which indicates the applied 1000 Oe is too small to capture any magnetic anisotropy.

Further analysis of the data with the field cooled Fisher heat capacity \cite{fisher1962relation}, $d(\chi T)/dT$ vs. T plot in Fig. \ref{sfig:dchiTdt_100_1000Oe}, showed two of the transitions (50 (1) K and 197 (1) K) quite clearly. The true N\'{e}el temperature was identified to be 197 (1) K from the second peak of the graph.

\begin{figure}[htbp]
\subfloat[\label{sfig:ZFC-FC-1000-100}]{%
  \includegraphics[scale=0.32]{ZFC-FC-1000-100.eps}%

\subfloat[\label{sfig:ZFC-FC-1000-110C}]{%
  \includegraphics[scale=0.32]{ZFC-FC-1000-110.eps}%
}\\
\subfloat[\label{sfig:ZFC-FC-1000-111}]{%
  \includegraphics[scale=0.32]{ZFC-FC-1000-111.eps}%
}
\caption{a) ZFC-FC magnetic susceptibility of Mn$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$ crystal at 1000 Oe field applied along a) $<100>$, b) $<110>$, and c) $<111>$.}
\label{fig:ZFC-FC-100-110-111-1000Oe}
\end{figure}

From the inverse FC susceptibly plot along the $<100>$ crystal direction, a Curie-Weiss fitting was done above 197 K (Fig.~\ref{sfig:FC_100_Curie_inverse}). The Curie constant, $C$ of 17.75 (4) emu.K/mol.Oe yielded an effective magnetic moment per Mn atom, $\mu_{eff}$/Mn of 4.83 (24) $\mu_B$ which is very close to the effective moment for of 4.90 $\mu_B$ for Mn$^{3+}$ (S=2) compared to the 5.91 $\mu_B$ for Mn$^{2+}$ (S=$\frac{5}{2})$. The Curie-Weiss parameters for FC susceptibility in other directions are listed in SI-table 1. Some caution should be taken as this fitting region may not be strictly in the paramagnetic regime. The Curie-Weiss temperature, $\Theta_{CW}$  were estimated to be -105 (1) K which indicates the presence of a strong antiferromagnetic exchange. Moreover, the susceptibility data continue to increase with decreasing temperature, indicating a persistent paramagnetic contribution which is likely due to the presence of geometrically frustrated paramagnetic ions.

\begin{figure*}
\subfloat[\label{sfig:dchiTdt_100_1000Oe}]{%
  \includegraphics[scale=0.3]{dchiTdt_100_1000Oe.eps}%
}
\subfloat[\label{sfig:FC_100_Curie_inverse}]{%
  \includegraphics[scale=0.3]{FC_100_Curie_inverse.eps}%
}
\caption{a)FC $d(\chi T)/dT$ vs. T plot identifying the transition temperatures, for crystal with the applied field along the $<100>$ direction. b) A Curie-Weiss fit on the inverse susceptibility data of Mn$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$ single crystals along the $<100>$ above 200 K.}
\label{Curie-Weiss}
\end{figure*}

\subsection{Heat Capacity measurement}\label{sec:Heat Capacity measurement}

\begin{figure}[htbp]
\subfloat[\label{sfig:Heat_Capacity_Comparison}]{%
  \includegraphics[scale=0.35]{Heat_Capacity_Comparison.eps}%
}\hfill
\subfloat[\label{sfig:CmagT}]{%
  \includegraphics[scale=0.35]{Cmag_whole.eps}%
}
\subfloat[\label{sfig:Magnetic_entropy_esimation}]{%
  \includegraphics[scale=0.35]{Magnetic_entropy_estimation.eps}%
}
\caption{a) Zero magnetic field heat capacity of Mn$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$ (open circles) and the lattice match compound Ti$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$ (closed circles) from 2 K to 303 K. Mn$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$ shows a weak transition at 50 K, which is magnified in the inset and a sharp antiferromagnetic to paramagnetic transition at 198 K. Ti$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$ also undergoes a transition at 142 K. $ b)$Magnetic contribution, $C_{mag}$ for Mn$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$ as function of temperature. The magnetic contribution, $C_{mag}$ is obtained by direct subtraction of the lattice match compound Ti$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$ data ignoring the phase transition. A linear fitting of $C_{mag}$ below 6 K (magnified in the inset) supports the spin freezing anomaly.  c) Entropy, $S_{mag}$ over the whole temperature range (2 K-303 K) is compared with $6Rln6$ for $S=\frac{5}{2}$ Mn$^{2+}$ and $6Rln5$ for $S=2$ Mn$^{3+}$.}
\label{fig:HeatCapacity}
\end{figure}

Fig.~\ref{sfig:Heat_Capacity_Comparison} shows the heat capacity of Mn$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$ measured under zero magnetic field between 2 K and 303 K. The data clearly depict a $\lambda$ anomaly peak at 197 K that corresponds to a transition between antiferromagnetic and paramagnetic states. A second transition at 50 K characterized by a weak, almost undetectable peak in heat capacity data (inset in Fig. \ref{sfig:Heat_Capacity_Comparison}), is consistent with transition observed in the magnetic susceptibility plots in Fig.~\ref{fig:ZFC-FC-100-110-111-1000Oe}. To obtain the magnetic contribution to the heat capacity of Mn$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$ one needs to subtract that of a suitable lattice match, normally a paramagnetic iso-structural compound~\cite{Marjerrison2016}. A previous study of the magnetic properties of Ti$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$  showed a Pauli paramagnetic like behaviour \cite{Holman2008}, which was also observed in our measurements of magnetic susceptibility of the compound under an applied magnetic field of 1000 Oe (SI-3). However, the heat capacity as a function of temperature showed a cusp at 140 K for Ti$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$  (closed circles in Fig. \ref{sfig:Heat_Capacity_Comparison}), which is an indication of a phase transition, nevertheless unexpected, given the data of \citet{Holman2008} and our magnetic measurements. The origin of this anomaly is unclear at present, but apart from this feature, Ti$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$ appeared to be a reasonable lattice match. Consequently, the magnetic contribution of the heat capacity for Mn$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$ was obtained (Fig.~\ref{sfig:CmagT}) by a direct subtraction of the Ti$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$ data. Note that the 50 K anomaly is now clearly evident. Furthermore, a linear fitting of the C$_{mag}$ was obtained below 6 K (inset in Fig.~\ref{sfig:CmagT}. Such a linear dependence of heat capacity is usually a sign of spin freezing~\cite{Ramirez1994} which further supports the cusp at 6 K to be associated with such an anomaly. To compute the expected entropy loss for this material requires selection of an oxidation state for Mn. For Mn$^{3+}$ S$_{mag}$ = 80.28 J/mol-K while for Mn$^{2+}$ it is 89.38 J/mol.K. The computed magnetic entropy (Fig.~\ref{sfig:Magnetic_entropy_esimation}) however, showed S$_{mag}$ of 17.14 J/mol.K at 50 K, 94.03 J/mol.K at 197 K and, 103.9 J/mol.K at 303
 K, which exceeds reasonable values for this material, assuming that Mn is the only magnetic atom. The data of \citet{Holman2008} suggests that there is no ordered moment on the Ni sites in this class of materials. The discrepancy might then be attributed to the choice of Ti$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$ as a lattice match which apparently underestimates the lattice contribution in Mn$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$.

\subsection{Neutron diffraction}\label{sec:Neutron diffraction}

\begin{figure*}
\subfloat[\label{fig:Neutron_298K_match}]{%
   \includegraphics[scale=0.35]{Neutron_298K_match.eps}%
}
\subfloat[\label{fig:Neutron_100K_match}]{%
    \includegraphics[scale=0.35]{Neutron_100K_match.eps}%
 }\hfill
\subfloat[\label{fig:Neutron_4K_match}]{%
 \includegraphics[scale=0.35]{Neutron_4K_match.eps}
 }
 \subfloat[\label{fig:Neutron_100_peak}]{%
  \includegraphics[scale=0.35]{Neutron_100_peak.eps}
 }
 \caption{Rietveld refinement of the neutron powder diffraction data at a) 298 K, b) 100 K and c) 4 K. (d) A comparison of 4 K and 100 K neutron data at low $2\theta$ showing (100) peak at 4 K.}
 \label{fig:NeutronDiffractionmatch}
\end{figure*}

\begin{figure}
\centering
   \includegraphics[scale=1.7]{298K_crystal_small.eps}\\
    \caption{Refined crystal structure in the paramagnetic state. In the structure, Mn ions are connected by 4$J_1$, 1$J_2$ and 4$J_3$ bonds.}
      \label{fig:298K_crystal}
\end{figure}

Neutron diffraction data were obtained on a polycrystalline powder sample at 298 K, 100 K and 4 K corresponding to the three different regimes of magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity behaviour. As indicated by magnetic measurement, at room temperature the structure was refined to be a paramagnetic type with no additional magnetic contribution (Fig. \ref{fig:Neutron_298K_match}). The room temperature structure was refined by the Rietveld method (Fig. \ref{fig:Neutron_298K_match}), and the structural parameters are listed in Table~\ref{Table:Ni16Mn6Si7_refined}. The structural parameters were found to be in excellent agreement with previously reported results for Mn$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$ \cite{STADNIK1983,Kolenda1991,Yan2009}. The occupancies of individual elements were kept constant during the refinement. The Mn atoms occupy the sites of regular octahedra which are not directly connected with other octahedra. Each Mn atom within an octahedron  is coupled with four nearest neighbours by exchange constant $J_1$, one next nearest neighbour by $J_2$ and with four neighbours of the adjacent octahedra by $J_3$, as shown in figure \ref{fig:298K_crystal}. The $J_1$, $J_2$, and $J_3$ pathway lengths are approximately 0.279 $\mathrm{a}$, 0.393 $\mathrm{a}$ and 0.429 $\mathrm{a}$, respectively, where $\mathrm{a}$ is the lattice constant.\\

\begin{table}[htp]
    \caption{Refined structural parameters for Mn$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$}\label{Table:Ni16Mn6Si7_refined}
     \centering
        \begin{tabular}{c c c c c}
        \hline
        \hline
        &Temperature& 298 K &100 K&4 K\\
        \hline
        &Lattice constant(${\AA}$)&11.1497(4)&11.1238(3)&11.1198(4)\\
        &Spacegroup&Fm$\bar{3}$m&Fm$\bar{3}$m&Fm$\bar{3}$m\\
        &Magnetic phase&Paramagnetic&Antiferromagnetic&Canted Antiferromagnetic\\

        &Mn; 24e (x, 1/2, 1/2)&0.6969(3)&0.6969(3)&0.6969(3)\\
        &B(Mn) (${\AA}^2$)&0.49(15)&0.32(14)&0.09(5)\\
        &M(Mn-I)($\mu_B$)&-&4.45(5)&4.74(11)\\
        &M(Mn-II)($\mu_B$)&-&0&0.65(24)\\
        &Ni1; 32f (x, x, x)&0.33322(11)&0.33322(11)&0.33322(11)\\
        &B(Ni1) (${\AA}^2$)&0.58(5)&0.36(5)&0.22(5)\\
        &M(Ni1)($\mu_B$)&-&0&0\\
        &Ni2; 32f (x, x, x)&0.11780(12)&0.11780(12)&0.11780(12)\\
        &B(Ni2) (${\AA}^2$)&0.58(5)&0.49(5)&0.36(5)\\
        &M(Ni2)($\mu_B$)&-&0&0\\
        &Si1; 4a (1/2, 1/2, 0)&-&-&-\\
        &B(Si1) (${\AA}^2$)&0.48(10)&0.74(27)&0.66(28)\\
        &Si2; 24e (1/2, 1/4, 1/4)&-&-&-\\
        &B(Si2) (${\AA}^2$)&0.48(10)&0.35(10)&0.34(10)\\
        &$\chi^2$&5.33&9.66&10.4\\
        &$R_{wp}$&11.4&10.3&10.7\\
        &$R_{F}$&2.51&1.66&1.94\\
        &$R_{mag}$&-&8.81&8.06\\
                \hline
        \end{tabular}
\end{table}
\begin{figure}
\centering
   \includegraphics[scale=0.7]{100k_magnetic_structure.eps}\\
    \caption{ Magnetic structure at 100 K showing a two-dimensional (2D) magnetic arrangement magnetic moments between Mn-I ions (parallel to $\mathrm{ab}$ plane in the current coordinate system). Mn-II ions remain frustrated. The structures shown in the figure represent projection along the $\mathrm{ab}$ and b) $\mathrm{bc}$ planes, respectively.}
      \label{fig:100k_magnetic_structure}
\end{figure}

The neutron diffraction data collected at 100 K show new reflections, relative to room temperature, which can be indexed as (210), (310), (320) and (312). These reflections are systematically absent in $Fm-3m$ symmetry structure and can thus be associated with magnetic ordering. The same reflections were reported by \citet{Kolenda1991} in their studies of the compound.\\

The solution of the magnetic structure was based on the representation analysis method using SARAh~\cite{Wills2000}. For the ordering, wave vector  k = (0 0 1) four  basis vectors $\Gamma_2$, $\Gamma_3$, $\Gamma_9$ and $\Gamma_{10}$ resulted from this approach. The best refinement was obtained using $\Gamma_9$ (refinement parameters for all $\Gamma$ configurations are listed in SI-table II). The Rietveld refinement profile is shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:Neutron_100K_match}, and magnetic moments are listed in table \ref{Table:Ni16Mn6Si7_refined}. The resulting magnetic structure (Fig.~\ref{fig:100k_magnetic_structure}) shows a 2D antiferromagnetic configuration of Mn$^{2+}$ atoms involving only four of the six sites on the Mn$_{6}$ octahedron oriented along $<100>$ directions in an ab plane. Here, Mn occupancy is separated into 2 Mn sublattices, Mn-I and Mn-II. Mn-I contain chains of atoms on a principal plane arranged antiferromagnetically with the nearest neighbour atoms. Mn-II atoms lie on top and bottom of the Mn-I chains and remain paramagnetic providing evidence of spin frustration within each octahedron. It can be seen that two of four $J_1$ Mn are coupled antiferromagnetically while the remaining two are paramagnetic. Mn atoms connected by $J_2$ are coupled ferromagnetically as would be required given dominant nearest neighbour antiferromagnetic exchange. It can also be noticed that two-dimensional planes formed by the ordered Mn ions are coupled antiferromagnetically with each other indicating strong antiferromagnetism in Mn$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$. The Mn-I moments were refined to be 4.45 (5) $\mu_B$ per Mn ion. It can be seen that the moment is close to the theoretical and experimentally reported value for Mn$^{2+}$, i.e., 5 $\mu_B$ (with g=2 and $S=\frac{5}{2}$) and 4.7 $\mu_B$ \cite{Fries1997}, respectively. The moment for the Nickel ions were refined to be 0 to within 2$\sigma$. It can be seen that our model is different from the one proposed by~\citet{Kolenda1991}. Refinement of the 100 K data using their proposed magnetic structure showed relatively poor agreement with the observed powder pattern (SI-table II and SI-4). On the other hand, our model of Fig.~\ref{fig:100k_magnetic_structure}, with frustrated Mn spins is consistent with the observed bulk susceptibility data which shows a paramagnetic like contribution persisting below $T_{N}$ = 198 K.\\

\begin{figure}
\centering
   \includegraphics[scale=0.7]{4k_magnetic_structure.eps}\\
    \caption{A hidden spin canted antiferromagnetic structure is favored at 4K. The two dimensional magnetic symmetry is broken and the moments are canted in ($\mathrm{ab}$) plane. Magnetic moment vectors are guide to eye only. The structures presented in the figure corresponds to projection along the $\mathrm{ab}$ and b) $\mathrm{bc}$ planes, respectively.}
      \label{fig:4k_magnetic_structure}
\end{figure}
A careful comparison of neutron diffraction at 4 K and 100 K revealed an extra (100) peak at 4 K (Fig.~\ref{fig:Neutron_100_peak}). The presence of such a reflection implies the magnetic moments cannot be parallel to (100). Consequently, it can be presumed that the 2D antiferromagnetic symmetry is broken. This result can be associated with the phase transition at 50 K. The refinement showed that the Mn-I moment value at 4 K is increased slightly to 4.74 (11) $\mu_B$  and that the spins make a canting angle with respect to (100) of 9 (1$^\circ$) (Fig.~\ref{fig:4k_magnetic_structure}). This is sometimes called hidden spin canting which refers to a configuration where the moments of multiple sublattices are canted about the axis but still in a collinear arrangement~\cite{Engelfriet1980,Carlin1981,Tian2003,Wang2005}. Note that the moments are still consistent with values for the $S=\frac{5}{2}$ system \cite{Fries1997}. As well, a small moment of 0.65 (24) $\mu_B$ appears on the Mn-II site which may be real. Note that even below 50 K, the model predicts a high concentration of paramagnetic spins, consistent with the bulk susceptibility which continues to increase at lower temperatures. The relevant refinement parameters are shown in Table \ref{Table:Ni16Mn6Si7_refined} and the Rietveld profile is shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:Neutron_4K_match}.

\section{Discussion}\label{sec:Discussion}

The observation of the magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity data suggesting a paramagnetic system above 197 K is reflected well in the neutron refinement at 298 K where no magnetic ordering of the Mn$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$ system was observed. The magnetic structure obtained in the 100 K refinement found Mn-II ions to be remaining as paramagnetic, while Mn-I atoms are antiferromagnetically coupled suggesting the system be a 2D geometrically frustrated antiferromagnet. The configuration can be related to the magnetic susceptibility data from 197 K to 50 K. Although the negative $\Theta_{CW}$ from the Curie-Weiss fitting of the inverse susceptibility confirmed the system to be antiferromagnetic below 197 K. Also, the magnetic susceptibility data showed to be consisting a paramagnetic contribution that can be explained in terms of geometrically frustrated  Mn-II atoms. The refinement at 4 K showed the breaking of the two dimensional symmetry yielding a hidden spin-canted magnetic configuration. The structure can be associated with the phase transition at 50 K detected by the magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity measurement. Note that, the system also demonstrates another phase anomaly below 6 K, due to the spin freezing effect. Although the refinement at 4 K found the Mn-II to be ordering with small moments, the system still contains higher concentrations of paramagnetic Mn ions. Freezing of these weak moments that can result in the rapid drop of ZFC magnetization below 6 K, is quite possible. Such a weak phenomenon however, can not be detected by the neutron diffraction experiments.\\

\section{Conclusions}\label{sec:Conclusion}

In this work, it has been shown that Mn$_6$Ni$_{16}$Si$_7$ shows remarkably complex magnetic behaviour. Three phase transitions occur upon cooling from ambient temperature. Below 197 K, long range anti-ferromagnetic order occurs but with only 2/3 of the Mn spins involved, which can be understood in terms of geometric magnetic frustration within the Mn$_{6}$ octahedra. The Mn moments are oriented along $<100>$ directions in a planar pattern. Below 50 K, these ordered moments cant away from $<100>$ by an angle of 9$^\circ$ but remain collinear. Simultaneously, the previously paramagnetic Mn sites develop a small moment of 0.6 $\mu_B$, compared with 4.70 $\mu_B$ found on the other Mn atoms. Finally, below 6 K, there is evidence of spin freezing involving the remaining paramagnetic Mn spins.

\begin{acknowledgement}
Authors would like to thank Dr. A. S. Wills (University College London) for stimulating discussions. Dr. A. Dabkowski (McMaster University) assisted with the crystal growth process. Financial support of Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada under the NSERC grant: "Artificially Structured Multiferroic Composites based on the Heusler alloys" is gratefully acknowledged.
\end{acknowledgement}

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Marjerrison,~C.~A.; Mauws,~C.; Sharma,~A.~Z.; Wiebe,~C.~R.; Derakhshan,~S.;
  Boyer,~C.; Gaulin,~B.~D.; Greedan,~J.~E. Structure and Magnetic Properties of
  KRuO4. \emph{Inorg. Chem.} \textbf{2016}, \emph{55}, 12897--12903\relax
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\end{mcitethebibliography}

\begin{suppinfo}

\begin{figure}[htp]
\centering
   \includegraphics[scale=0.5]{Ni16Mn6Si7_powderpattern.eps}\\
   \caption{Rietveld refinement of the XRD powder diffraction data at 298 K  Ni$_{16}$Mn$_{6}$Si$_{7}$}\label{fig:XRD_298K_match}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[!ht]
\centering
   \includegraphics[scale=0.5]{ZFC-FC_all.eps}\\
   \caption{ZFC-FC magnetic susceptibility as a function of temperature with a magnetic field of 1000 Oe is applied in $<100>$, $<110>$ and $<111>$ directions. Inset shows anisotropic ZFC-FC magnetic susceptibly behavior below the 50 K transition.}
   \label{fig:ZFC-1000Oe-all}
\end{figure}

\begin{table}[htp]
    \caption{Anisotropy of the FC Curie-Weiss parameters.}\label{Table:Ni16Mn6Si7_C-W}
     \centering
        \begin{tabular}{c c c c c}
        \hline
        \hline
        &Field direction &$C$ (emu.K/mol.Oe) &$\mu_{eff}$/Mn ($\mu_B$)&$\Theta_{CW} (K)$ \\
        \hline
        &$<100>$&17.75 (4)&4.83 (24)&-105 (1)\\
        &$<110>$&10.20 (4)&3.65 (22)& -26 (1)\\
        &$<111>$&20.38 (10)&5.17 (36) &-120 (2)\\

                \hline
        \end{tabular}
\end{table}

\begin{figure}[htp]
\centering
   \includegraphics[scale=0.5]{Ni16Ti6Si7-1000Oe-ZFC.eps}\\
   \caption{ZFC magnetic susceptibility of Ni$_{16}$Ti$_{6}$Si$_{7}$ under a constant magnetic field of 1000 Oe.}\label{fig:Ni16Ti6Si7-1000Oe-ZFC}
\end{figure}

\begin{table}[htp]
    \caption{Magnetic refinement at 100 K for different $\Gamma$ configurations}\label{Table:Ni16Mn6Si7_Gamma}
     \centering
        \begin{tabular}{c c c c c}
        \hline
        \hline
        &Configurations& $R_{mag}$ &$\chi^2$ &$R_{wp}$\\
        \hline
        &$\Gamma_{2}$&21.18&11.4&11.4\\
        &$\Gamma_{3}$&52.24&20.6&15.3\\
        &$\Gamma_{9}$&8.81&9.66&10.3\\
        &$\Gamma_{10}$&97.08&35.6&20.2\\
        &Previously published~\cite{Kolenda1991}&62.95&23.9&16.5\\

                \hline
        \end{tabular}
\end{table}

\begin{figure}[htp]
   \includegraphics[scale=0.5]{Kolenda_simulation.eps}\\
   \caption{Refinement of neutron diffraction pattern with the magnetic structure model proposed by \citet{Kolenda1991}}\label{fig:Koledna_simulation}
\end{figure}
\end{suppinfo}

\end{document}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace _01_Odd_Lines
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args) //practicing files, nevermind the file ~
        {
            string[] lines = File.ReadAllLines("everybody wants some.txt");
            var oddLines = lines.Where((line, index) => index % 2 != 0);
            File.WriteAllLines("odd lines ews.txt", oddLines);
        }

        static void NewWayToDoIt()
        {
            string[] lines = File.ReadAllLines("everybody wants some.txt");
            File.Delete("odd lines ews.txt");
            for (int cycle = 1; cycle < lines.Length; cycle+=2)
            {
                File.AppendAllText("new odd lines ews.txt", lines[cycle] + Environment.NewLine);
            }
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Town hall meetings for Ruidoso schools scheduled
Four town hall meetings are scheduled for September to gain public input on the Ruidoso Municipal School District...
Town hall meetings for Ruidoso schools scheduled Four town hall meetings are scheduled for September to gain public input on the Ruidoso Municipal School District... Check out this story on ruidosonews.com: http://r-news.co/1Ky1GYz
Lisa Maue, Ruidoso Published 6:46 a.m. MT Sept. 14, 2015
Nob Hill Early Childhood Center.(Photo: Lisa Maue — Ruidoso News)
Four town hall meetings are scheduled for September to gain public input on the Ruidoso Municipal School District Facilities Master Plan. Every five years, the district is required by the Public School Facilities Authority to submit a report for the use of capital funds. The last master plan was for the years 2010 to 2015. The 2016 to 2021 plan is now being developed.
The process for such a plan includes questionnaires, stakeholder input and interviews. The data from that first phase is sent to a Blue Ribbon group made up of 22 members and their findings for district priorities, facility options and a capital plan are then submitted to the Ruidoso Municipal School Board of Education for review and revision and is the basis for capital projects for the next four years.
Among the projects being considered are moving the Horton Football Field, options for the Horton Complex, Ruidoso High School facilities, Nob Hill and the White Mountain School.
Marilyn K. Strube, Director and Facility Planner for GS Planning, will mediate the meetings. The meetings include comment periods for the entire district: although meetings will be held at four facilities, public input is not restricted to those schools.
The schedule for the town hall meetings are as follows: Sept. 14 at White Mountain Elementary; Sept. 15 at Nob Hill Early Childhood Center; Sept. 21 at Ruidoso Middle School and Sept. 22 at Ruidoso High School. All meetings will begin at 5:30 p.m.
For more information, contact Ruidoso Central Office at 257-4051.
Read or Share this story: http://r-news.co/1Ky1GYz

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Fresh herbs are always wonderful to have on hand. Herbs add delicious flavor to your meals and can make them look gorgeous. Some herbs are also thought to have healing properties such as chamomile as an anti-inflammatory, and rosemary which is said to help migraines and digestive problems. However, fresh herbs can be expensive in the grocery store and they can have strange pesticides on them. Having a home grown herb garden is the best way to save money and have fresh flavorful herbs on hand. Luckily, you don't have to wait until summer to grow fresh herbs at home. Grow a fabulous indoor herb garden on a sunny window sill all year long! Always have your fresh herbs at an arm's length away. Read below for some for awesome tips on getting the most from your indoor herb garden!
Pick your spot. Most herbs need at least 5 hours of direct sunlight a day. Try to pick the sill of a south facing window. If you don't have a window with sufficient sunlight, set up a fluorescent grow light to supplement the needed light. Some herbs need more light than others. If you are not sure, consult your seed package or look it up on the web.
Keep your home relatively warm, 60° to 70° F. is ideal. Make sure your herbs are in a spot free of drafts.
Water as needed. Make sure the soil is just moist, but do not over water, or your roots will rot. Your herbs will need fertilizer about every six weeks. Make sure the fertilizer you choose is made for edible plants.
When your herbs are ready, harvest them with a clean pair of scissors to prevent disease. Don't rip or tear your herbs. Be sure to always prune herbs to encourage new growth. For certain herbs such as parsley, you are going to want to prune the entire stem instead of just the leaves. If you are not sure how to prune your particular herb, consult the package directions or look up.
Enjoy your herbs in your favorite recipe!!
I have wanted to grow herbs but just have not. I am planting seeds now. I will get some herbs to see if I can make them grow too.


poster attached for the Blean Music Festival Sat 30th June 2018 - held annually at the rear of the Hall and on the Blean Memorial Ground CT29JA from 6pm - 10.30pm under large Gala Tents for shelter if/when needed + plenty of space on the Memorial ground for those who wish to bring blankets, chairs and sit there.
Flyer attached of stage performers confirmed with Bill Howarth as MC. Open mic session runs in tandem with stage performers for everyone who would like a chance to take part in an alternative session in the main hall hosted by Phili and Jon from the Old Lone Gin Band.
A good range and choice of hot home made food including vegan is offered/served from the main kitchen from 7pm onwards for a very affordable price, + bar on site. The festival is inclusive and welcomes all, no charge is made for entry, donations are welcome in the bucket and there will be a raffle to support Blean Village Hall community projects (Charity No 302829).
Check out bleanvillagehall.co.uk website for map and location details on our contact page.
Due to new changes in data protection regulations GDPR from 25th May 2018, BVHMC need your permission to keep you up to date with Blean village community based news and Blean Village Hall events/information/MUSIC FESTIVAL.
We truly value your support, we use and keep your email contact details and name only on our secure, private and protected files. We would love to keep in touch and if you're willing to receive information from Blean Village Hall Management Committee (bvhmc) in the future, please reply YES to this email and your details will remain unchanged on our secure lists after 25th May 2018.


text:
Carol Ann Gunulfsen Barber
Carol Ann Gunulfsen Barber was born January 15, 1946 to the late Lena Mae Breland and Goodman Gunulfsen. Carol was raised by her Aunt Louise and Rudolph Whiermiller of Pine, La. and grew up in Pine, Louisiana where she enjoyed singing in church. She later learned to play the piano so that she could use her talent for the Lord. She sang in a local gospel quartet, known as the Salvation Singers.
Carol was married to the love of her life for 46 years until his death in 2007. Together they raised three children; James Merrell Barber Jr., Randy Dale Barber and Melynda Louise Barber .
Carol had a strong love for her family and enjoyed watching her grandson Kody and great grandson Landry compete in dirt track racing. She also enjoyed watching her granddaughters Khristian, Katelyn and Kadyn play softball. She loved being on the sidelines cheering and was their biggest fan.
Carol was a member of Pettitt Memorial Church where she sang in the choir.
Carol is preceded in death by her parents and her Aunt Louise and Uncle Rudy, her husband, James Merrell Barber Sr. and her son, Randy Dale Barber, her sister, Betty Lorio and a brother, Warren Jr. Gunulfsen.
She is survived by her daughter, Melynda Barber( Gary Evans), son, James Barber( Carolyn Russell), grandson, Kody Barber ( Beth Dufrene) Grand daughters, Tashonna Wallace, Khristian Capo Whaley( Joseph Whaley), Katelyn Capo Owens( Will Owens) and Kadyn Barber, great granddaughter, Linli Mae Dufrene, great grandsons, Landry Jaymes Barber and Kainen Paul Whaley, three sisters, Patsy Johansson, Goldia Proffer and Cathy Dennis, a brother, Gene Gunulfsen.
Services will be on July 21, 2021 at Pettitt Baptist Church in Bogalusa, Louisiana. Visitation will be from 11:00 AM until time for the Service at 3:00 PM. Interment will be at Breland Cemetery.
Brown-McGehee Funeral Home in Bogalusa, Louisiana is in charge of arrangements.


text:
Q: Do Subversion client/server versions need to be the same or close to each other? This seems like a basic question, but I haven't found any clear answers.  Essentially, we have a subversion 1.4 server with 1.5 clients.  What I'd like to know is if we want to use some of the 1.5 features like branch/merge tracking, does the server need to be at least 1.5 also?
I have read that 1.5 clients will sometimes auto-upgrade the repository to 1.5, but does that happen if the server is running an older version?  We use the svn:// protocol, so I would imagine the server needs to be kept reasonably up-to-date.  Does anyone have any experience with this?  Thanks!

A: The release notes for v1.5 answer this question.  It explains in detail which features are usable with each client/server combination.

A: The client will auto-upgrade the checkout of the repository on the client machine, as far as I understand. This means that you cannot use a 1.4 client to interact with a 1.5-modified checkout, but we have people here using 1.5 clients with a 1.4 server. To use the new 1.5 features you will need a 1.5 server, however.
Also, I believe they're up to 1.6 now.

A: The problem tends to be your local repository when you are using two different clients.  I've had a lot of times where they are slightly off and the newer one will upgrade your repository then the older client can no longer read it.
Happens on Windows if you use the turtle.


text:
Real estate licences handed out like 'lollies'
By Elyse Perrau
04 August 2014 | 1 minute read
After industry leaders highlighted the need for zero tolerance around fraud cases, a real estate principal has said the Office of Fair Trading (OFT) is to blame for agents acting unethically.
Speaking to Real Estate Business, LJ Hooker Caboolture and Morayfield principal licensee Steve Hay said real estate licences are granted far too easily.
"The Office of Fair Trading is handing out licences like lollies – it is the joke of the industry," he said.
Mr Hay said an agent in Queensland was given a real estate principal licence even after a dark history, which included serving three years for convicted rape as well as being booted from the car industry for taking "cash kick-backs".
"I rang the Office of Fair Trading and broached this subject with them … and I asked how this guy can get a principal's licence to run a business, and have staff and run a trust account when this is his character," he said.
"And they said if he hasn't been in trouble with the law for the last five years, he is a fair and honourable character."
Real estate coach and auctioneer Tom Panos said there is a "very low barrier to entry" to become a real estate agent.
"That low barrier to entry means it attracts a lot of people from various backgrounds – that is a good thing and a bad thing," he told Real Estate Business.
"The good thing is you can have people mid-career, do a change of career and get into real estate and be very successful and add a lot of value to the community.
"The downside is if the barrier to entry is too low it is also going to attract people who may have histories of doing work that is unethical, and even though they may have not held trust monies in the past, all of a sudden they are given a role that has a requirement they hold other people's money in trusts," he added.
Mr Panos said he agrees "wholeheartedly" that the low barrier to entry is probably the reason we are seeing recurrent fraudulent offences being carried out.
"My advice would be that to reduce and eliminate the instances of these, [it] would be a combination of a few things," he said.
"To be an agency principal owner should require a longer and more rigorous academic qualification [and] a longer and more rigorous investigation into the applicant's previous history.
"The Office of Fair Trading should also have a more rigorous approach in monitoring the behaviours of agents, and most definitely I agree with zero tolerance on fraud," he added.
Last Updated: 18 May 2021 Published: 04 August 2014


text:
Kick-Ass Writer 'Baffled' By Jim Carrey Decision
Mark Millar reacts to news that star will not be promoting movie sequel...
Kick-Ass writer Jim Carrey's decision not to promote Kick-Ass 2.
The Hollywood star plays Colonel Stars and Stripes in the comic book sequel - and has just announced that he intends to withdraw from promotional work for it because of the Sandy Hook school shootings in the US.
Writing on his own Millarworld web forum, the Scotsman said: "As you may know, Jim is a passionate advocate of gun-control and I respect both his politics and his opinion, but I'm baffled by this sudden announcement as nothing seen in this picture wasn't in the screenplay eighteen months ago.
"Yes, the body-count is very high, but a movie called Kick-Ass 2 really has to do what it says on the tin. A sequel to the picture that gave us Hit-Girl was always going to have some blood on the floor and this should have been no shock to a guy who enjoyed the first movie so much."
And Millar made it clear that he does not agree that there might be a link between movies and real-world violence.
He said: "I've never quite bought the notion that violence in fiction leads to violence in real life any more than Harry Potter casting a spell creates more Boy Wizards in real life.
"Our job as storytellers is to entertain and our toolbox can't be sabotaged by curtailing the use of guns in an action movie."
He said that Carrey's role in the movie was one of his "best-ever performances" - and urged him to reconsider his decision.
VISIT MTV AT THE MOVIES FOR ALL THE LATEST FILM TRAILERS, NEWS AND GALLERIES HERE!
More From Kick-Ass
Aaron Taylor-Johnson Wants A Hit Girl x Deadpool Crossover!
Matthew Vaughn: 'New X-Men Movie Didn't Excite Me'
MTV Review: Kick-Ass 2
Jim Carrey Withdrawal 'Helps' Kick-Ass 2
Jessie J Debuts Kick-Ass 2 Soundtrack Song
Jessie J Confirms New Kick-Ass 2 Song 'Hero'
DJ Fresh Shoots Video For 'Kick-Ass 2' Track In NYC
Jim Carrey Withdraws Kick-Ass 2 Support
Kick-Ass 3 'Only Happening If Second Movie Is A Hit'
Kick-Ass Star To Play Quicksilver In Avengers 2?
Kick-Ass Director 'Taking New Mark Millar Project'


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One of the talk will replaced in the schedule by a panel discussion moderated by Morgan Tocker on MySQL Group Replication & MySQL 8.0.
These experts will answer questions from Morgan and from the audience.
Don't miss this great opportunity to ask your questions and participate to this discussion about MySQL.
Let's finish this pre-FOSDEM MySQL Day Sessions review week with Norvald Ryeng's talk on MySQL 8.0 and GIS.
As you know pre-FOSDEM MySQL Day will take place on Friday February 3rd in Brussels. During this day dedicated to MySQL and focusing on 8.0, Norvald will be on stage at 16.50 to check if you are ready for MySQL 8.0's GIS implementation.
Many great things are happening to GIS in MySQL 8.0. But in order to move forward, we also have to break legacy behavior. What will change? How? Why? And what can I do to avoid problems when I upgrade?
Join Norvald for a tour of changes and recommendations that you can start following today to make your data and applications ready for the future.
On February 3rd, just before Fosdem and the MySQL & Friends Devroom, MySQL's Community Team is organizing the pre-Fosdem MySQL Day.
Today we will review Dag H. Wanvik's session. Dag is spending most of his time implementing Windows Functions to MySQL.
Dag H. Wanvik is a senior MySQL developer for Oracle. Before he did Derby/Java DB development for Oracle/Apache Foundation and he is a Derby committer. He last co-authored JSON support for MySQL 5.7. In his previous existence Dag worked on several compilers and HA distributed data base systems.
The title of his session is MySQL 8.0: Window functions – finally!
Øystein is Senior Principal Software Engineer in the MySQL group at Oracle, where he works on the MySQL Query Optimizer.
As written yesterday, on February 3rd, just before Fosdem and the MySQL & Friends Devroom, MySQL's Community Team is organizing the pre-Fosdem MySQL Day.
The second talk of this series is the session of Bernt Marius Johnsen: MySQL 8.0 & Unicode – What, why and how ?
Bernt is Senior QA Engineer in the MySQL Server Team. He's working with QA in general but he's also specialized in character sets and security issues. He also in charge of the development of test tools automation.
On February 3rd, just before Fosdem and the MySQL & Friends Devroom, MySQL's Community Team is organizing the pre-Fosdem MySQL Day. We increased the amount of seats, so there are still some tickets available, don't hesitate to register, this will provide you a unique occasion to meet MySQL engineers from Oracle in Europe. We also have very famous speakers from Percona and Booking.com.
Peter Zaitsev himself will deliver a session !
Let's start this articles series on MySQL Day with my predecessor as MySQL Community Manager and now Product Manager for MySQL Server: Morgan Tocker !


The Top Golf Pull-On Mesh Ruffle Skort is the perfect skort for any activity. From golf and tennis to brunch or the beach, our new white skort with mesh trim detail is sure to be your go-to solid. The four-way stretch and moisture-wicking fabric delivers exceptional comfort and movement for any lady on the go!
Color: White. Also available in Black.


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Buckingham Companies break ground on 'Aertson Midtown'
by PRIDE Newsdesk • October 31, 2014
City and State officials join with Buckingham Companies leadership for groundbreaking of Aertson Midtown (Photo Credit: Peyton Hoge)
Buckingham Companies broke ground on its transformative two-acre, mixed-use project at the intersection of 21st Avenue South, Broadway and Division Street, adjacent to the Vanderbilt University campus. The company also officially named the project Aertson Midtown after Jan Arson, the great-great-grandfather of Cornelius Vanderbilt.
A groundbreaking and naming event held onsite recently marked the beginning of vertical construction for the 17-story, 600,000-square-foot, mixed-use development that will include 350 apartments, a 180-room full-service Kempton hotel and 35,000 square feet of ground level retail space. It will bring 630 parking spaces and, through the hotel, approximately 6,500 square feet of meeting space to the area.
"Today's ground breaking is the culmination of the dedication, insights and responsiveness of many talented individuals," said Scott Travis, senior vice president of development at Indianapolis-based Buck-ingham Companies. "We have been humbled by the excitement and enthusiasm for this project, not to mention the involvement and contributions of those who know Nashville best."
Jan Aertson immigrated to the Americas from the Dutch Village of De Belt in 1650. Shortly after, the Arson name was changed to Van Deer Belt (meaning "of De Belt"), marking the beginning of the Vanderbilt family and its long history of prosperity, creativity and philanthropy.
Travis noted the name is intended to honor to the dynamic family behind it, their impact on shaping the city, as well as the globally recognized university that the project neighbors.
"Aertson Midtown pays homage to a legendary family that set in motion its own lineage of thinkers, creators, givers and artists—much like those who can be found in the midtown neighborhood today," said Travis. "Aertson Midtown will be a transformative hub of living and entertainment in Nashville and we believe it will create its own lasting legacy as a cultural and creative gathering place for the city."
The project will bring an eclectic mix of residences and retail that will further advance Midtown as an energetic, walk able district. Aertson Midtown is being developed and constructed by Buckingham Companies in collaboration with Nashville-based Crain Construction Co.
The architect for Aertson Midtown is Torte Galas and Partners, based in Washington, D.C. and the engineering contractor is Littlejohn Engineering Associates of Nashville.
Aertson Midtown's various components will open in phases with the completion estimated to be late 2016.
Founded in 1984, Buckingham is a full service, fully integrated real estate company that includes the development, acquisition, management and construction of a wide range of property types including multifamily, student housing and mixed-use communities.
Tags: Aertson Midtown groundbreaking legacy Vanderbilt
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Blog - All About English
Destiny Led This Franchisee to the Perfect Career
Sanja Župan Vuković from Zagreb, Croatia grew up in a home where learning new cultures and languages were part of life. Her mother is an English teacher and "spoke English to us from very early on so we often spoke English amongst
All-New Kangi Club Games Site Provides Educational English Entertainment for Kids
Children all over the world can enjoy their summer learning English with Kangi the kangaroo and friends—with more than 100 free games, design-your-own-avatars and more than 70 videos. Just in time for the summer holiday, the Helen Doron Group, an international leader
Teen Buzz Online Community Provides Seriously Fun Learning
Teens learning English to benefit from new website featuring interactive content, games, quizzes and a popular radio station. With more than 48,000 fans in 200 countries, Helen Doron Radio, the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) online radio station has become a
Helen Doron English Announces Young Heroes, Readers are Leaders Campaign Winners
International campaign stimulates literacy for children around the world. Here are the winners!
What to do when your bilingual child won't speak English
"First of all, don't worry. This is a completely normal reaction and I hear this from almost all parents who raise their children bilingual where English is not the native language of the country.
Helen Doron English Expansion in Latin America Continues with the Addition of Chile
Global Educational Franchise responds to increased demand for children's English language courses in Chile, joining Ecuador, Mexico and Peru. Arica, Chile April 10, 2018 Helen Doron English launched its first learning centre in Arica, Chile in March. The Centre's first group of
Much More Than English: Teaching Compassion and Ecology
Since childhood, Vedrana has always had a knack for languages and learned English as a child and in University. "Learning about languages was always a special thrill for me. It is like obtaining a new life!" Her plant-based lifestyle fits in perfectly
Considering becoming an EFL teacher? Don't stop there. Start your own business.
EFL careers are attractive for a variety of reasons. For someone with a mastery of English, who enjoys working with people, and wants to travel, being an EFL teacher can often allow you the freedom and flexibility that other career tracks simply
Helen Doron English Launches Young Heroes, Readers are Leaders Campaign
Helen Doron English Launches Young Heroes, Readers are Leaders Campaign International campaign focuses on empowering children around the world to enjoy reading London, January 8 — The Helen Doron Educational Group is putting the focus on reading in their 2018 Young Heroes
Thinking of buying a franchise? Avoid this common mistake.
Most franchise buyers carry out due diligence before deciding to invest in a franchise. But while it can help you uncover a great deal about the franchise you're planning to buy into, and the company's reputation and track record can go a


Recently, the Vernon Township High School Orchestra, under the direction of Jennifer Krott, participated in their fifth annual side-by-side workshop with members of the New Jersey Symphony Orchestra. The students traveled to Sussex Tech, where they watched the NJSO perform "Classical Favorites for All Seasons" from their Concerts for Young People series.
After the concert, the VTHS Orchestra rehearsed one of their own pieces, "Dance of the Hours," with Maestro Grogan and members of the NJSO. The VTHS Orchestra will be performing this piece as part of their spring concert line-up next May. During the rehearsal, the students sat next to professional musicians and had the opportunity to not only discuss the piece that they were working on, but also individual instrumental techniques.


What Can You Expect During Your Maintenance Visit?
Along with buying an air conditioning system comes the need for possible maintenance calls. Setting up regularly scheduled preventative maintenance will allow your unit to run at maximum efficiency, prolonging the life of your air conditioning and heating system while saving you bundles of cash.
What is done in a maintenance visit? Chills expert technicians come out to your home and will fully inspect the system to make sure everything is functioning properly. If there is any issue with the way your cooling or heating system is running, A Chills technician will give you your options and proceed accordingly. Whether you want them to fix it right away or schedule it for a later time. Through maintenance visits Chills is able to see your system in its entirety and let you know of any current problems as well as any future issues that may occur before they cause costly and inconvenient breakdowns.
Chills Air Conditioning will clean your system to bring it to its highest efficiency. During your air duct cleaning, Chills will search for areas where the system is drawing excessive current. They also check the refrigerant (Freon/ Puron) charge to make sure it is set to factory specifications to ensure efficiency. Keeping the system maintained will result in better humidity and air quality, resulting in overall comfort. The last thing we want is for our air conditioning to breakdown and stop working on the hottest days of the year. Which is why Chills highly recommends scheduling preventative maintenance.
Not sure if your air quality is up to par? Chills will not only clean your system, they will also treat the specific areas that come in contact with the air stream. With reducing the growth of bacteria and fungus in mind, Chills uses a high grade anti-microbial agent. Having a busy day to day schedule makes it difficult to not only act upon but simply remember to clean your air filters and stay up on your system maintenance. Thankfully Chills air-conditioning has that in mind for you.
Chills Air Conditioning has exceptional customer service and is more than happy to answer any questions you may have about your air conditioning. Customer education is extremely important to Chills, holding themselves accountable to educate their customers, Chills technicians will point out any areas in which you can improve the longevity and efficiency of your system.
The preventative maintenance packages include but are not limited to; inspection of all electrical components and controls, Inspection of condenser, replacement and/or cleaning of filters if necessary, lubrication of all motors, checking thermostat conditions, inspection of evaporator coil, inspection of condenser coil, check compressor and condenser amps, algaecide and an inspection of the complete unit to check efficiency. These are only a handful of the preventative maintenance packages offered. Giving you the proper education about your system from their expert technicians while also giving you multiple preventative ways to keep your air conditioning running efficiently with less likely breakdowns and inconveniences.