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The Salamanca Working Paper Series
'The School of Salamanca. A Digital Collection of Sources and a Dictionary of its Juridical-Political Language' is a project building a digital text corpus including more than 120 works of the Salmantine jurists and theologians in selected prints from the 16th and 17th centuries and a complementary historic dictionary of circa 300 essential terms of the Salmantine School's juridic-politic language, bringing together international and interdisciplinary research perspectives. It is funded by the Academy of Sciences and Literature, Mainz, and hosted at the Max-Planck-Institute for European Legal History and the Institute of Philosophy at Goethe-University, both in Frankfurt/Main. The Project's peer-reviewed Working Paper Series aims to reflect the thematic and disciplinary variety of the School and the transnational history of its reception. It features research articles by the project staff as well as of other authors. More information is available at http://salamanca.adwmainz.de/
Andreas Niederberger (1)
Cervera Jiménez José Antonio (1)
Christiane Birr (1)
Daniel S. Allemann (1)
Francisca Hernández (1)
Martin Schlag (1)
Matthias Lutz-Bachmann (1)
Thomas Duve (1)
Xavier Agenjo (1)
School of Salamanca (2)
Alfonso de Castro (1)
Education of Indigenous People (1)
Eigentum (1)
Elektronische Bibliothek (1)
Exzellenzcluster Die Herausbildung normativer Ordnungen (1)
Rechtswissenschaft (1)
2014, 1
The School of Salamanca: a digital collection of sources and a dictionary of its juridical-political language : the basic objectives and structure of a research project (2014)
Thomas Duve Matthias Lutz-Bachmann Christiane Birr Andreas Niederberger
The article introduces a research project financed by the Academy of Sciences and Literature Mainz began in 2013 and will extend over an 18-year period. It aims at producing a historical-semantic dictionary elucidating central terms of the School of Salamanca's discourses and their significance for modern political theory and jurisprudence. The project's fundament will be a digital corpus of important texts from the School of Salamanca which will be linked up with the dictionary's online version. By making the source corpus accessible in searchable full text (as well as in high quality digital images), the project is creating a new research tool with exciting possibilities for further investigations. The dictionary will be a valuable source of information for the interdisciplinary research carried out in this field.
Spreading the Faith to American Indians: Alfonso de Castro's Call for Amerindian Education in the Context of the Second Scholastic (2015)
Daniel S. Allemann
Historical scholarship on the sixteenth-century neo-scholastic debate about American Indians generally centers on the thought of Francisco de Vitoria. Focusing on Alfonso de Castro's short treatise Utrum indigenae (1543), this paper challenges both an exclusive concentration on Vitoria as well as the received contention that the thought of the School of Salamanca rendered a single, unified view of Amerindians. In Utrum indigenae, Castro argued that American Indians should be instructed in liberal arts and theology thus constructing a strikingly different image of the peoples of the New World as compared to accounts by Vitoria or Francisco Suárez. While the historian Martin Nesvig has recently proposed an Erasmian humanist contextualization of Castro's treatise, I argue that the image of American Indians presented in Utrum indigenae testifies to an alternative, novel way of writing about American Indians from within the framework of the School of Salamanca which has so far remained unnoticed.
Socio-economic-political concepts in late iberian scholasticism (2018)
Martin Schlag
The School of Salamanca, and Iberian late Scholasticism in general, had the merit of transposing the wisdom of medieval scholasticism into the coordinates of early modernity. Due to the economic growth after the discovery of America, economic terms and moral problems become a central focus for moral theologians. In this article, I consider important key economic concepts that deliver a surprising wealth of insights into the modernization brought about by the leading scholars of the time. Social mobility, the principle of majority decision, the inviolability of property, human rights of the person, limited political power of the pope, and other key concepts that were decisive for the development of democracy and modernity are to be found in the works of the School of Salamanca in connection with economic issues.
2019, 01
Visibility and digital accessibility of the School of Salamanca in a linked open-data environment (2019)
Xavier Agenjo Francisca Hernández
This paper raises the bibliographic and technological approach to increasing visibility and accessibility of the work of the School of Salamanca in the current technological state of the web. The objective is to avoid the cultural effect of not acting in this field, for which authors draw an analogy with Plantin's privilege in 16th-Century Spanish printing. The Virtual Library of the School of Salamanca is described as a Linked Open-Data resource about the authors of this school and their digitized works, in which the relationships between authors and concepts are crucial. For this purpose, different properties of the DBpedia ontology are used, and the descriptions of the authors are systematically linked to other Linked Open-Data resources. All descriptions (authors, works and concepts) are offered in Europeana Data Model and MARC 21. Also discussed are the advantages of Wikipedia and Wikidata in increasing visibility. A summary of this text was presented at the international conference organized by the Max Planck Institute for the History of European Law: "The School of Salamanca: A Case of Global Knowledge Production?", held in Buenos Aires from 24th to 26th October 2018.
The School of Salamanca at the end of the known world in the 16th century: Martín de Rada, Domingo de Salazar and Juan Cobo in the Philippines, 1565–1594 (2019)
Cervera Jiménez José Antonio
This paper focuses on the life and work of three of the most important men who arrived in the Philippines during the 16th century: the Augustinian Martín de Rada (1533–1578) studied at the universities of Paris and Salamanca. He was one of the best European scientists of his time in East Asia. The Dominican Domingo de Salazar (1512–1594), first bishop of Manila, studied the legitimacy of the conquest of the Philippines and wrote against the Spanish plan to conquest China. The Dominican Juan Cobo (? –1592) was the first Spanish to master the Chinese language and, through his book Shilu, the first European who introduced Christianity to the Chinese from a rational point of view and the first one to introduce European science into Chinese context. All of them were very influenced by the School of Salamanca and, from Manila, they always had their eyes on China. These three men of the late 16th century are paradigmatic examples of the influence of the University of Salamanca in the production of global knowledge in the early modernity.


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Voice Post: bonnie_rocks knows why I did this. Everyone else, just enjoy the random.
VoicePost
(no transcription available)
music, voice
Little Literature Ponder
Someone knows more about this than I do, which is easy because I don't know.
Many novels have character names or place names that aren't spelled out. I seem to think this happened a lot more in 19th century novels than in modern novels: I'm reading Jane Eyre which refers to a town as " shire." It happens in modern novels, too: in The Color Purple a character is only identified as "Mr. J ." (The film version gives him the name Mr. Johnson.)
Is there or are there reason(s) this was done? Maybe sometimes the details in those names aren't crucial, maybe sometimes it's a way to note the inherently artificial nature of constructing a story, but my spelling-many-things-out nature still wonders why it's done. And how these are handled when read aloud, for performances or for audio books.
Hey, someone's got to think about this stuff.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Lucid Dreaming Brain Waves
A lucid dream is induced in a subject. In a lucid dream, a person becomes aware of the fact that they are dreaming, and as such, they can control the dream's content (LaBerge, 1990). It occurs when the individual is dreaming and during that dream the individual is completely aware that they are dreaming. Lucid dreams are those during which the person is aware of the fact that he is dreaming while they are in progress. Having dominant theta brainwaves are correlated with insight and intuition. These waves are clinically associated with inhibition of elicited responses and has been found to spike in situations where a person is actively trying to repress a response or action. Some people report a low-level lucidity state where one is aware they are dreaming but not able to alter the content of the dream. Given all the hype, you may be surprised to learn there's no direct scientific evidence that supports the use of binaural beats for lucid dreaming. By using a drug or supplement called galantamine, scientists found they were able to trigger lucid dreaming. Essentially, lucid dreaming is about being aware that you are dreaming and having some control over your dreams. The ability to take a picture of a dream sounds like something that's possible only in a dream, but a team of researchers in Germany has done just that. When the subjects signaled the onset of a lucid dream, however, the EEG showed brain waves indicating REM sleep. Tart and other parapsychologists who think that the dream state is a gateway to another world seem to think that the key scientific evidence for this is the distinct brain waves of the various stages of sleep. The best way to use binaural beats for lucid dreaming is to use it in conjecture with the Wake Back To Bed Method (WBTB). We cover everything from the importance of techniques to what you can do. The findings are the first to show that inducing brain waves of a specific frequency. Effects of this brainwave stimulation assist in relaxation, meditation, stress relief, self-help, concentration, learning and more. Many people use audio tracks to induce binaural beats in the brain. Entada, translation; entry into the dream world because it promotes REM sleep. A lucid dream is induced in a subject. A Bounty of Benefits In Each Cup Promoting Longevity and Lucid Dreams. These waves are clinically associated with inhibition of elicited responses and has been found to spike in situations where a person is actively trying to repress a response or action. By Charles Q. Among our audios, you will find meditation music that will help and enhance your meditation practice. Lucid dreaming is basically dreaming while being aware that you are dreaming. Brain-wave recordings confirmed that lucid dreaming occurs during sleep. Years ago I was diagnosed with a disorder involving repressed memories. Lucid dreams can be realistic and vivid. The idea of being totally conscious in a dream is amazing. Lucid dreaming and the brain About half of us will experience at least one lucid dream in our lives. Maintaining brain wave activity similar to a normal dream state, while retaining a conscious awareness of yourself, being immersed in a Visualized dreamscape - virtual reality, created by your mind. Studies on galantamine have found: (3). 7 Advanced Binaural Dream Induction Programs in One App! Dream Inducer combines soothing ambient sounds with powerful binaural sequences to synchronize your brainwaves with frequencies associated with 7 different levels of dreaming. Lucid Mind Home › Brain Waves › Brain Wave Software. Lucid dreams, where the dreamer is aware that they are dreaming, are characterized by increased prefrontal activity during REM sleep. Theta Brain Waves are truly awesome. Scientifically, lucid dreaming only happens with certain brain waves. It can help you master lucid dreaming, achieve lucidity, and act as a trainer and helper. In his research he caught the pre-determined conscious eye movements of a lucid dreaming volunteer. A Brief History on Lucid Dreaming. A Complete Guide To Lucid Dreaming Lucid dream means dreaming when you know that you will be dreaming. 15 Lucid Dreaming Facts That Will Make You Question Reality. If you are in real life, you will remember specifics, but in the dream world, most things are vague. Theta is one of the more elusive and extraordinary realms you can explore. Luciding Inc. Other lucid dreaming music is based on one or another frequency range. dream lucid dreaming, astral projection, REM, lucid dreams The term lucid dreams describes the experience of recognizing during your dreams that you are dreaming. Finally, lucid dreaming can be induced through gamma wave stimulation of the prefrontal cortex during REM sleep, since this wavelength is associated with high brain activity, deep reflection, and rhythmic neural activity. Our dreaming selves accept the reality of the dream. - Lucid Beta Dreams: This program combines elements of meditative and dreaming frequencies to create a state where you can experience waking dreams and truly escape. How to Astra Project (the easy way) – Brain Wave ; THETA WAVE MEDITATION AID 1 (3 minute version) True or false: You had a nap today? Brain Tricks – This Is How Your Brain Works + Ebook for lucid dreaming ; Using Meditation To Induce Lucid Dreaming. Download Brain Sync - Lucid Dreaming and Astral Travel Subliminal torrent or any other torrent from the Audio Other. Stages of Sleep. In this episode of Teaching Your Brain to Knit, Catherine explores the link between Gamma Brain Waves, "Ah Hah" moments and Lucid Dreaming; She practices her not so favorite way of following a pattern —that is, charts; Margaret learns about different types of mitten thumbs with help from Anna Zilboorg; We delve into local politics and how you can do the same in your local community; plus we announce updates to indices or indexes for our brain, redwood and knitting topics. Mental activity begins to slow down, with brain waves switching to a form called theta-band activity. Theta waves bring inspired thought and increased motivation. It instantly reacts to these frequencies causing a Shift In Consciousness. Using electrical current on the brain allows the sleeper to induce brain waves of a specific frequency, which provokes the "lucid dreaming" – an intermediate stage between two forms of consciousness, as many psychologists put it. About half of us will experience at least one lucid dream in our lives. Check out Lucid Dream - Dream Songs for Lucid Dreaming Deep Sleep Music & Binaural Beats With Delta Waves by Deep Sleep Music Delta Binaural 432 Hz on Amazon Music. So, according to standard sleep-science criteria, the subjects were unequivocally asleep. Gamma waves are notable for their tight, consistent pattern on EEG. 15 Lucid Dreaming Facts That Will Make You Question Reality. student at the University of Liverpool, and Alan Worsley, an experienced lucid dreamer, began measuring Worsley's brain waves and eye movements in a sleep lab. MP3 Meditation Club. Lucid Dreams contain Valerian root, Passion flower, Lemon Balm, GABA, Melatonin, Biotin and B vitamins. We go through five stages when we sleep. We will try to find out whether binaural beats can induce lucid dreaming or not. Basically I have extremely violent and terrifying nightmares that are repressed violent childhood memories resurfacing. lucid dreaming, astral projection, REM, lucid dreams, rapid eye movement, lucidity, OBE lucid dreaming, astral projection, REM, lucid dreaming techniques, OBE We are wondrous and powerful magnets, therefore our magnetic power hinges upon our use of thought, alpha brain wave, theta brainwave. 50+ videos Play all Mix - Sleep Cycle Brain Wave (4 hours) Lucid Dreams Hypnosis Sleeping Music with binaural beats YouTube Lucid Dreaming Sleep Track (8 Hour Sleep Cycle Track) with Binaural. 7 Advanced Binaural Dream Induction Programs in One App! Dream Inducer combines soothing ambient sounds with powerful binaural sequences to synchronize your brainwaves with frequencies associated with 7 different levels of dreaming. A Complete Guide To Lucid Dreaming Lucid dream means dreaming when you know that you will be dreaming. Now in terms of lucid dreams, there are three types and I know my first lucid dreams were the first kind: dream induced, dream induced that is there something in the dream that is so bizarre, so surreal, so dreamlike, you just recognize this has to be a dream. Top down vs. If you are looking for lucid dreaming "on demand," meditation is the key. How to Astra Project (the easy way) – Brain Wave ; THETA WAVE MEDITATION AID 1 (3 minute version) True or false: You had a nap today? Brain Tricks – This Is How Your Brain Works + Ebook for lucid dreaming ; Using Meditation To Induce Lucid Dreaming. Lucid dreams, where the dreamer is aware that they are dreaming, are characterized by increased prefrontal activity during REM sleep. I have had about a dozen lucid dreams in my life that I can remember. Given all the hype, you may be surprised to learn there's no direct scientific evidence that supports the use of binaural beats for lucid dreaming. Associated with lucid dreaming, sleep and other mental states where the mind is wandering; like dreaming, day-dreaming and imagination. Many people consider dreaming simply something that happens when you get a decent night's sleep, but when you've learned some lucid dreaming techniques, the dreams you have can be a much more powerful tool. These beats directly guide your brain to desired brainwave states. Each one of them has a slightly different approach. According to scientists, the brains of people who experience a lucid dream exhibit the phenomenon known as "phase synchronization". But with a little persistence, and the right motivation, anyone can learn how to control dreams. In turn, the intensifying of these brain waves could increase the likelihood of lavender to cause nightmares. The word was coined by Frederik v Understanding Your Dreams - Harness The Power of Dreams!. If you attempt lucid dreaming when you're feeling pretty energetic, you might have more success. Other lucid dreaming music is based on one or another frequency range. The MILD technique (Mnemonic Induction of Lucid Dreams) is the most successful lucid dreaming technique to date. Learn more about your ad-choices at fast waves that travel the wrong way up rivers. It is also a good foundation if you want to have a greater comprehension of the theories behind lucid dreaming. Awoken is a lucid dreaming guide with a free dream diary, cloud sync, lucid dreaming info and techniques to achieve clear dreams. Lucid Dream Society is a platform for sharing lucid dreaming techniques, guides, tips, facts and much more! Brain Waves and Brain States. The best way to use binaural beats for lucid dreaming is to use it in conjecture with the Wake Back To Bed Method (WBTB). More precisely. All past q4lt. That is why it is important to be careful when saying an OBE is the same as a lucid dream in my opinion. The gamma activity in the brain of lucid dreamers is especially seen in the brain's frontal cortex. Lucid dreaming and the brain About half of us will experience at least one lucid dream in our lives. Another interesting type of dream is the lucid dream. Alpha is 'the power of now', being here, in the present. Maintaining brain wave activity similar to a normal dream state, while retaining a conscious awareness of yourself, being immersed in a Visualized dreamscape - virtual reality, created by your mind. At this point, lucid dreamers show extra activity in the front part of the brain. MORRISON: And the key figure here is a man named Stephen Lebear. How to Trigger Lucid Dreaming with Galantamine. "The new wave of. Content analysis and developmental studies have promoted understanding of dream phenomenology. To test this theory, they used a non-invasive method called Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation. Lucid dreaming and the brain. Lucid dreams sound like what I was doing only more fun. bottom up processing d. Specifically, a distinct signal shows up on an EEG during lucid dreams — an electrical wave at 40 hertz (or 40. Demonic lucid dreams can be stopped but it takes practice to take control of the dream. Lucid dreaming and lucid sleep allows you to solidify everything you learned during the day, as well as consciously choosing what other things you want to solidify in your memory. Learn more about your ad-choices at fast waves that travel the wrong way up rivers. This awareness can range from very faint recognition of the fact (which is often too brief and nebulous to be considered truly lucid) to something as momentous as a broadening of awareness beyond what has ever been experienced even in wa. Lucid Dreaming Music: "Into the Moon Lucid Dreams" - Music for Sleep Lucid Dreams "Into The Moon Lucid Dreams" is a lucid dreaming enhancement 8-hour music track that contains brainwave entrainment frequencies made to help you achieve deep sleep and dream recall and provide you with good, sound and relaxing sleep and experience lucid dreams. Theta Brain Waves are truly awesome. Lucid Dreaming for Creativity, Better Sleep, and Wellness Dr. That causes the body to be immobile during REM sleep. I always found it awesome to lucid dream. This is when your mind and body heal and recover. Such dreams are also connected with various other conditions, such as the ability to control them, seeing them from the perspective of a third party, or recalling memories while having them. The ability to induce lucid dreams, treat mental ailments such as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), and even access a realm unknown to us in our regular, everyday states now seems more possible than ever. Dreams reflect activity in brain structures concerned with (1) processing, storing and/or representing recent experiences; and (2) the knowledge an individual has built up over a lifetime of experiences. A lucid dream is a dream where you know that you are in the dream. Lucid dreaming is about being aware that you are dreaming and accessing the deepest areas of your brain while you're sleeping. People who have had a lucid dream describe it as waking up and realizing they are still in the dream. Gamma waves may trigger lucid dreaming due to their connection with consciousness and memory during the wake state. Lucid dreaming is a state where one who is dreaming is also aware that they are dreaming and can control it a very cool blend of the subconscious and conscious parts of the mind. In some cases, you may be able to control the dream's storyline. frequent, and can happen to people who have never had lucid dreams. Researchers hope to analyze the features that could be facilitating the enhanced awareness of a lucid dream by comparing specific differences in the brain activity in a lucid versus non-lucid dream. Monday, December 14, 2015 1 Hour Pure Delta Brain Waves Session (0. Through its type, the lucid and non-lucid dreams, day dream and nightmare we can categorize our dreams and easily understand it. Alpha Waves: At 8 to 12 Hz, alpha waves are involved in how we think, feel, communicate, sleep and generally function. The dreamer may be able to control the dream while in the dream state. the effect on brain waves depends on the frequency produced by the difference in auditory frequencies. A lucid dream is a dream in which one is aware of the fact that one is dreaming. Our astral and lucid dreaming tracks are all carefully formulated to make sure that you can achieve subconscious awareness and have helped millions of people to achieve a lucid dreaming state. He's conducted experiments in which participants were instructed before going to sleep to give signals in eye or hand movements when they became lucid in their dreams. All past q4lt. In this article, you will learn a brain hack that will allow you to lucid dream every single night. Download Hemi-Sync Lucid Dreaming Series Complete Tapes 1-4 torrent or any other torrent from the Audio Other. It has a lot of uses and can fit into a lot of different areas. In its simplest form, a lucid dream is any experience in which you become aware that you're dreaming during the REM stage of your sleep cycle. Know What Science Says Binaural beats are not heard, but perceived as an auditory beat when two tones of specific sound wave frequencies are directed to the right and the left ear, respectively. Each technique has its strengths and weaknesses. But first, let me define what a lucid dream is: The conscious awareness that one is dreaming while in the sleeping, dreaming state. One new member of my lucid dreaming toolbox is an app called "Brain Wave Dream Inducer". Previous research has demonstrated that lucid dreams are accompanied by brain wave activity in the gamma band, at a frequency of around 40 Hz. It comes with an increase in positive thoughts, intelligence, memory, and in this case- while lucid dreaming. Stages of Sleep. It also reduced the number of tau tangles in this section of the brain. Theta waves bring inspired thought and increased motivation. Playing and Healing with Lucid Dreaming Lucid dreaming is often used as a tool to heal or play. Luciding Inc. As you should have learned from that brief history is that lucid dreaming has progressed from being considered simple 'absurd', to an issue that was researched and studied heavily in the 1970's and 1980's to even more recent and thoroughly impressive sciences behind this phenomenon. Lucid dreaming and the brain About half of us will experience at least one lucid dream in our lives. This is perhaps the most interesting and groundbreaking way to induce a lucid dream, and has only recently been tested in labs. A lucid dream is a dream during which the dreamer is aware that they are dreaming. Though lucid dreaming is a relatively new area of research into the dream research community, there is still a multitude of information about it online as well as in books where people express their personal experiences and their own guides into how to lucid dream. We focus on creative tools for visual content generation like those for merging image styles and content or such as Deep Dream which explores the insight of a deep neural network. '" [7 Mind-Bending Facts About Dreams] Dream waves. Dreams have Symbolic Meaning. Entada, translation; entry into the dream world because it promotes REM sleep. They're often accompanied by waves in what's called the lower gamma. Gamma Waves, Lucid Dreams and the Future Needless to say, scientists all over the world are excited about Dr. Try this free guided meditation online. Add to cart Categories: Delta Waves , Mind Power , Single Meditations , Spirituality , Theta Waves. Lucid dreaming is one category of dreams that many people experience. "As lucid dreams spontaneously occur very infrequently for most people, what has been sought for a long time is a way to make lucid dreams more accessible, which would open this up as a new. Unusual dream experiences in the brain. This kind of lucid dream in the sleep lab is now known as a "signal-verified lucid dream. This is perhaps the most interesting and groundbreaking way to induce a lucid dream, and has only recently been tested in labs. Scientists have found a way to test whether someone is experiencing a lucid dream by using electroencephalograms (EEGs) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to study the patterns of brain waves produced in REM sleep. Sensation b. For an in-depth guide to using supplements for lucid dreaming, see the book Advanced Lucid Dreaming - The Power of Supplements. Lucid dreaming doesn't require technology: it is the technology. Lucid dreams sound like what I was doing only more fun. People experiencing rebound REM frequently report dreaming as soon as they fall asleep, and throughout the night. At night, your brain is more tired and less likely to stay in the appropriate state of mind. This effect was strongest in the frontal and frontolateral areas of the brain, which are considered to be the seat of linguistic thought and higher awareness. At night, we learned to become aware of our dream state but also become aware that we are actually in the dream and co-creating the dream. Tags: Guided Journey, Sleep, Stress. i'd also like to suggest downloading files related to: hemi-sync holosync binaural beats lucid dreaming brainwave entrainment the monroe institute yogic dreaming @ the pirate bay – you'll have to get miro in order to download the torrents, but it's all free. Do Binaural Beats Induce Lucid Dreaming? The term 'brainwave entertainment' refers to techniques that involve the use of a stimulus to change one's brain wave frequency to a frequency that corresponds to a particular brain state. Normally while dreaming we are not aware of the fact that we are dreaming. In study published in September in the journal Sleep, Ursula Voss of J. Delta Waves: At 0. Lucid dreams are the virtual reality of all dreams, a landscape where the strange is real and the real is strange. The role of brain waves. Lucid Dreams contain Valerian root, Passion flower, Lemon Balm, GABA, Melatonin, Biotin and B vitamins. Most experienced lucid dreamers use dream signs and themes as triggers to recognize they are dreaming. The best time for lucid dreaming is during REM sleep, when dreams are happening. But first, let me define what a lucid dream is: The conscious awareness that one is dreaming while in the sleeping, dreaming state. Listen to Binaural Beats You might have listened to binaural beats to help you focus, study, concentrate and even sleep, but they can also help with lucid dreaming, too. Lucid dreams tend to happen more easily during daytime naps. The 5 Brain waves and its Connection with Flow State FLOW , Flow Science It's important to understand that all humans possess five different types of electric patterns, also called as "brain waves" across the cortex. There are two types of lucid dreams. Show Notes: Video Games Change the Way You Dream – The Verge Brain Waves Graph Open BCI The Muse – Personal EEG Flux – Automatic Screen Light Adjuster Sleep Stages. Lucid dreaming has been recognized since ancient times. Up until the 1950's, scientists regarded sleep as a passive withdrawal from the world, a state of physical rest. In this article, you will learn a brain hack that will allow you to lucid dream every single night. Dreams have Symbolic Meaning. Lucid dreaming and the brain About half of us will experience at least one lucid dream in our lives. SELF-HELP/DREAMS $18. When you are having trouble falling asleep don't worry, we selected the best sleep music with powerful theta brain waves to help you fall asleep in less than 30 minutes, and enhancing your chances to experience lucid dreams. Walker, too, believes that dreams and REM sleep have benefits — but he says it's not the only stage of sleep that matters. This is perhaps the most interesting and groundbreaking way to induce a lucid dream, and has only recently been tested in labs. lucid dreaming by samantha arevalo kristen ramirez and. Binaural Beats If you play 2 sound waves that are very close in frequency (but not quite exactly the same), you'll get a phenomenon that causes beat frequencies between the 2 sound waves. In this episode I discuss brain waves, the sleep cycle, neurofeedback and their correlation to lucid dreaming and how understanding those better can help achieve lucidity. Gamma Waves, Lucid Dreams and the Future Needless to say, scientists all over the world are excited about Dr. More precisely. Not acting out dreams because sleepwalking happens in delta Sleep eating During delta wave You'll find a mess in your bed because they are very disorganized Not as anxious Small ways, frequently throughout the night o Parasomnia NOS Sleep paralysis hypnagogic/pompic hallucinations Related to Another Mental Disorder Due to a General Medical. Even people coming together and dancing with one another is a type of entrainment. There is scientific evidence of lucid dreaming. From principles of lucid dreaming to what happens after it. At night, we learned to become aware of our dream state but also become aware that we are actually in the dream and co-creating the dream. Lucid dreams only require one more step: to remain asleep and realize you can do whatever you want. Using electrical current on the brain allows the sleeper to induce brain waves of a specific frequency, which provokes the "lucid dreaming" – an intermediate stage between two forms of consciousness, as many psychologists put it. We will try to find out whether binaural beats can induce lucid dreaming or not. Lucid dreams, where the dreamer is aware that they are dreaming, are characterized by increased prefrontal activity during REM sleep. A sleep researcher shares a combination. To answer the question, "What are lucid dreams," LaBerge concludes that a lucid dream is one in which the dreaming individual is aware that he/she is dreaming. But, to make them work, you need to take them with the right mindset and partner them with the right techniques. Lucid dreaming doesn't require technology: it is the technology. The theta state heightens problem-solving skills. Clare Johnson's new book is the most complete guide to lucid dreaming. They were looking into how the brain's physiology changes during lucid dreaming, on the premise that lucidity is a "dissociated state" somewhere between dreaming and the state of being awake. It leverages the reflection technique and expands on it. A Machine That Lets You Control Your Dreams: The Lucid Dreamer The Lucid Dreamer is a device that induces lucid dreams by detecting the onset of REM sleep and applying stimulating currents over. and partly to do with the type/frequency of your brain waves, as they go between different stages as you sleep. This kind of lucid dream in the sleep lab is now known as a "signal-verified lucid dream. In general, we sleep in cycles of 90-100 minutes, so if one manages to get 7½ hours of sleep, that's about 5 cycles in a night. Apps and Gadgets Designed To Induce Lucid Dreams According to a few movies and about 50% of the population, waking up inside a dream can fun and exciting. 15 Lucid Dreaming Facts That Will Make You Question Reality. This relaxing audio has relaxing background music with delta waves to help you relax and program your brain for an incredible lucid dreaming adventure. Add new page. The ability to induce lucid dreams, treat mental ailments such as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), and even access a realm unknown to us in our regular, everyday states now seems more possible than ever. This is perhaps the most interesting and groundbreaking way to induce a lucid dream, and has only recently been tested in labs. It is also a good foundation if you want to have a greater comprehension of the theories behind lucid dreaming. What exactly happens to the brain during such states has, thanks to the research of LaBerge and others, been documented in many modern studies. Lucid dreams are the virtual reality of all dreams, a landscape where the strange is real and the real is strange. They can increase your chances of experiencing lucid dreaming. The type of brain activity observed, gamma wave. What is lucid dreaming?Put simply, a lucid dream is a dream in which you — the dreamer — are aware that you are dreaming. BMV Quantum Subliminal CD Set- 4 SUBLIMINAL CDs - Advanced Psychic Ability / Psychic Development Program (ESP, Clairvoyance, Dreams, Astral Travel & Telepathy - Develop Supernatural Powers - Paranormal / Psychic CD Collection with Brainwave Entrainment Technology & NLP (4 CDs: Psychic Ability, Lucid Dreaming, Astral Projection / Out of Body Experiences, Remote Viewing / Remote Viewer Aid). To test this theory, they used a non-invasive method called Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation. In a 2009 study, she and her colleagues studied six individuals who were trained lucid dreamers, and found that during episodes of lucidity they produced brain waves in the brain's frontal area of. By cross-validating this technique with the practice of waking up lucid dreamers to ask them about their dreams, researchers have found intentional eye movements are an effective way for a dreamer to communicate that they are indeed experiencing a lucid dream, while still maintaining the usual REM brain signals to show they are still asleep. The supplement was approved by the FDA in 2001. This means it is difficult to determine what processes or areas of the brain are responsible for lucid dreaming. Podle pojednání v knihách Lucid Dreaming (LaBerge, 1985) a Exploring the world of Lucid Dreaming (EWLD) (LaBerge a Rheinhold, 1990) je lucidní snění efektivní terapií nočních můr. • Brain waves become longer. Choose the characters, the location and outcome of your dreams. All in the Mind is about the brain and behaviour, flying, immersed in an ocean of waves, often trying very hard to get somewhere or making events. My Dream, My Bad Dream, 1915. Eye receptors respond to light energy ii. I often had Lucid Dreams that were about the future and that these dreams would come true. Brain waves can be manipulated by using special frequencies called binaural beats. As a natural phenomenon lucid dreaming has surely existed as long as dreams have. When you wake up, you can record your dreams with our free, secure, PIN-protected Dream Journal. BrainWave Generator is a brain wave stimulation software that generates tones with binaural beats. The theta state refers to the level of activity in the brain that occurs during sleep and dreaming, and observing the brain's transition into a theta state may give researchers a window on how the brain can achieve lucid dreams through inducing theta waves. We've got a lot to cover, so let's get started right away. They were looking into how the brain's physiology changes during lucid dreaming, on the premise that lucidity is a "dissociated state" somewhere between dreaming and the state of being awake. However, other user reviews suggest that it can improve sleep quality and help them relax in the evening. This fascinating state of consciousness allows you to control your dreams and experience anything imaginable, from the sublime to the impossible. Of interest to us is the fifth stage, known as the REM stage of sleep, which is the primary stage in which dreaming occurs. lucid Between ________ of the population suffers from a sleep disorder at some point in their lives. In order to benefit the community, you may ask questions & leave comments in this new group, that way others can comment as well. Still a relatively new technology, lucid dream binaural beats allow you to induce lucid dreams with sound. (2013) "neural correlates of dream lucidity obtained from contrasting lucid versus non-lucid rem sleep: a combined eeg/fmri study. The study from 2009 was carried out on the basis that lucid dreaming is a dissociated state with aspects of waking and. Theta Brain Waves are truly awesome. Hopefully, through using the tips you can try to lucid dream! The personal experience can prove to you whether or not you felt as alert as you are when conscious. The phenomenon had also been referred to by Greek philosopher Aristotle who had observed: "often when one is asleep, there is something in consciousness which declares that what then presents itself is but a dream". Choose the characters, the location and outcome of your dreams. To answer the question, "What are lucid dreams," LaBerge concludes that a lucid dream is one in which the dreaming individual is aware that he/she is dreaming. Alpha is 'the power of now', being here, in the present. Nearly a quarter of us report lucid dreaming once a month or more. In this episode of Teaching Your Brain to Knit, Catherine explores the link between Gamma Brain Waves, "Ah Hah" moments and Lucid Dreaming; She practices her not so favorite way of following a pattern —that is, charts; Margaret learns about different types of mitten thumbs with help from Anna Zilboorg; We delve into local politics and how you can do the same in your local community; plus we announce updates to indices or indexes for our brain, redwood and knitting topics. The book illustrates examples to help readers see the possibility and real life experiences. This is only a dream!" Most dreamers wake themselves up once they realize that they are dreaming. Theta brain waves are the brain state of REM sleep (dreams), hypnosis, lucid dreaming, and the barely conscious state just before sleeping and just after waking. Our conscious mind, or the part we think with, our "window" into life, only takes up a very small portion of our brain activity. While the research into the brain and its waves has began decades ago with the observation of sleep patterns, the gamma waves have only been recently discovered. is raising funds for LucidCatcher - the first no-training Lucid Dreaming Wearable on Kickstarter! Fall asleep with a neuromodulation wearable and decide what you want to do in a dream!. The above means that the neurons in the brain are synchronized with each other, producing waves in a specific common frequency. Isochronic sound: I chose the isocronic track to have a frequency of 9 Hz. British parapsychologist Keith Hearne was the first to discover scientific evidence of lucid dreaming in 1975. I had a lucid dream last night - but was it only a dream about lucid dreaming? Science can prove if you're somewhat conscious depending on the waves your brain is sending out (alpha, beta, etc. Two key changes in the brain appear responsible for these states. REM Sleep and Dreaming. It can help you master lucid dreaming, achieve lucidity, and act as a trainer and helper. The grand idea of lucid dreaming is all about control. Dreams also have four stages, it scientifically explains when and how dreams occur. is raising funds for LucidCatcher - the first no-training Lucid Dreaming Wearable on Kickstarter! Fall asleep with a neuromodulation wearable and decide what you want to do in a dream!. Lucid dreaming and the brain. Frequently Asked Questions How does LucidCatcher work? LucidCatcher is based on the idea of neuromodulation – it shifts your brain waves to maximize the effect of different actions - such as the feeling of concentration during the study, meditating or - a lucid dream. Lucid dreaming also allows you to have total control over the dream. These exercises were designed to facilitate the brain-wave states found in naturally occurring sleep cycles. student at the University of Liverpool, and Alan Worsley, an experienced lucid dreamer, began measuring Worsley's brain waves and eye movements in a sleep lab. A brain state entrainment signal is generated in a circuit. As a result of the work reported here there has emerged a much clearer appreciation of what happens during the course of a night's sleep. So, according to standard sleep-science criteria, the subjects were unequivocally asleep. In fact, there is none. There is scientific evidence of lucid dreaming. Lucid dreaming is one category of dreams that many people experience. Brain experts say it's perfect for creativity, learning and relaxation - but it's impossible to reach consciously. New evidence from quantitative electroencephalographic (EEG) studies 106 suggests that lucid dreaming is the subjective experience of a waking dream in a hybrid brain state, with the rare but. Theta brain waves are the brain state of REM sleep (dreams), hypnosis, lucid dreaming, and the barely conscious state just before sleeping and just after waking. The Lucid Dreaming Series provides a substantial advantage for those interested in lucid dreaming by incorporating the Hemi-Sync® sound technologies. Stephen LaBerge, one of the first. This alert and awakened focus state also can emerge within the phenomena of precognitive dreams. These fundamental parts are essential for lucid dreaming. Here's a little tutorial on lucid. If you postpone them, at some point you will see that it is very hard and nearly impossible to lucid dream without practicing these. These beta waves are of relatively low amplitude, and are the fastest of the four different brainwaves. Scientists stimulate the brain with gamma waves and find that they can induce lucid dreaming, in which the sleeper becomes aware of the fact that they're in a dream. Search A Moment of Science. in Article, News November 16th, 2015 For the longest amount of time, sleep and dreams were a complete mystery. Monday, December 14, 2015 1 Hour Pure Delta Brain Waves Session (0. The lucid dream is a dream in which the dreamer knows that he is dreaming and can influence the outcome of the dream. Many people consider dreaming simply something that happens when you get a decent night's sleep, but when you've learned some lucid dreaming techniques, the dreams you have can be a much more powerful tool. Those who practice lucid dreaming, sometimes induce sleep paralysis to enter directly into a lucid dream. But, to make them work, you need to take them with the right mindset and partner them with the right techniques. Alpha is 'the power of now', being here, in the present. If you are interested in maximizing your meditational routine, inducing lucid dreams from both waking and dreaming states and experiencing audio-induced mindstates, then you will definitely want to take advantage of the brainwave entrainment process. com articles and future pieces can be found here at the blog section of dmtquest. Choi May 12, 2014. International Journal of Dream Research, 5(2), 151-155. He speculates on the mechanisms involved, and how using EFT in dreams might reduce the anxieties we process during REM sleep. Our dreaming selves accept the reality of the dream.


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Tyler Myers Jim Gentile Johnny Manziel Venus Williams Andy Roddick Bobby Orr Stephen Curry Magic Johnson Dwyane Wade Oscar Robertson Jerry West Paul Stastny Michael Jordan Gary Stevens Bradley Beal Reggie Miller John Wall Russell Westbrook Jadeveon Clowney Camaron Marvel Ochs Rafael Nadal Cam Ward Jay Bouwmeester Josh Hamilton Wayne Gretzky LeBron James Diego Sebastian Schwartzman John McEnroe Mardy Fish Dallas Braden Russell Henley Sports Thoroughbred racing Horse racing Tennis Preakness Stakes Professional hockey Hockey NFL Draft Men's hockey Men's sports Men's tennis College football Football College sports NBA Playoffs MLB baseball Professional baseball Baseball NBA basketball Professional basketball Basketball Men's basketball Stanley Cup Playoffs Kentucky Derby NFL football Professional football NBA Finals NHL hockey
By The Associated Press - May. 06, 2021 04:51 PM EDT
1938 — Lawrin, ridden by Eddie Arcaro, wins the Kentucky Derby by one length over Dauber.
1955 — Swaps, ridden by Willie Shoemaker, wins the Kentucky Derby by 1 1/2 lengths over Nashua.
1972 — The Los Angeles Lakers win their first NBA championship with a 114-100 victory over the New York Knicks in Game 5.
1977 — Heavily favored Seattle Slew, ridden by Jean Cruguet, wins the Kentucky Derby by 1 3/4 lengths over Run Dusty Run.
1982 — A federal jury rules the NFL violated antitrust laws when it unsuccessfully attempted to prevent the Oakland Raiders from moving to Los Angeles.
1988 — Winning Colors, ridden by Gary Stevens, leads from start to finish to win the Kentucky Derby by a neck, becoming the first roan and the third filly to win the race.
1989 — Chicago's Michael Jordan hits an 18-foot shot over the outstretched fingertips of Craig Ehlo to give the Bulls a 101-100 victory in the deciding Game 5 of their 1989 Eastern Conference first round playoff series against the Cleveland Cavaliers.
1993 — Wayne Gretzky of the Los Angeles Kings scores his 100th and 101st playoff goals in a 7-4 win over the Vancouver Canucks.
1994 — The Denver Nuggets, with a 98-94 overtime win against the No. 1-seeded Seattle SuperSonics, become the first eighth-seeded playoff team to win a series. The Nuggets come back from an 0-2 deficit in the best-of-5 series.
1995 — Reggie Miller scores eight points in the last 16 seconds to lead the Indiana Pacers to a 107-105 win over the New York Knicks in the second-round opener of the NBA playoffs.
2005 — Giacomo, a 50-1 shot, wins the Kentucky Derby, running down a game Afleet Alex in the final strides and generating a huge payoff. Closing Argument, a 70-1 shot, finishes second with Afleet Alex third.
2005 — Dallas' 116-76 victory over Houston is the most lopsided Game 7 score in NBA history. The Mavericks are the third team in playoff history to win a seven-game series after losing the first two games at home.
2010 — Before a record hockey crowd of 77,803, the U.S. loses to Germany 2-1 in the opening game of the world hockey championships. Felix Schutz scores the winning goal 21 seconds into overtime at Veltins Arena, ordinarily the home of the Schalke soccer team.
2014 — Russell Westbrook has a triple-double, Kevin Durant falls one assist short and the Oklahoma City Thunder beat the Los Angeles Clippers 112-101 to tie their Western Conference semifinal series at one win apiece. Westbrook has 31 points, 10 rebounds and 10 assists. Durant has 32 points, 12 rebounds and nine assists before leaving the game with 1:21 remaining.
2016 — Nyquist won the Kentucky Derby by 1 1/4 lengths, improving to 8-0 in his career as the fourth consecutive favorite to win the race. Ridden by Mario Gutierrez, Nyquist finished in 2:01.31. The 3-year-old colt became the eighth unbeaten winner in the race's 142-year history.
2017 — Bradley Beal scores 29 points and Washington Wizards used a 26-0 third-quarter run to beat the Boston Celtics 121-102 to tie the second-round series at two games apiece. John Wall, who adds 27 points and 12 assists, has seven points, three assists and two steals during the third-quarter spree.
1915 — Regret, ridden by Joe Notter, becomes the first filly to win the Kentucky Derby, with a 2-length wire-to-wire victory over Pebbles.
1937 — War Admiral, the favorite ridden by Charles Kurtsinger, wins the Kentucky Derby by 1 3/4 lengths over Pompoon.
1943 — Count Fleet, ridden by Johnny Longden, wins the Preakness Stakes by 8 lengths over Blue Swords.
1954 — World record holder William Parry O'Brien becomes the first man to throw the shot put more than 60 feet with a 60-5¼ toss at a meet in Los Angeles.
1968 — Jim "Catfish" Hunter of the Oakland A's pitches a perfect game, beating the Minnesota Twins 4-0. It is the first perfect game in the American League regular season in 46 seasons.
1970 — Walt Frazier scores 36 points to lead the New York Knicks to a 113-99 victory over the Los Angeles Lakers and the NBA championship in seven games.
1984 — On the day the Olympic torch relay begins, the Soviet Union announces it will not take part in the 1984 Summer Olympics. The Soviet National Olympic Committee Union said the participation of Soviet athletes would be impossible because of "the gross flouting" of Olympic ideals by U.S. authorities.
1993 — Lennox Lewis of Britain scores a unanimous 12-round decision over Tony Tucker in his first defense of the WBC heavyweight title in Las Vegas.
1995 — New Zealand's Black Magic 1 takes a 2-0 lead, defeating Young America by the widest margin for a challenger since the 1871 America's Cup.
2001 — Randy Johnson becomes the third pitcher to strike out 20 in nine innings. He doesn't finish the game as the Arizona Diamondbacks go on to beat Cincinnati 4-3 in 11 innings.
2003 — Minnesota becomes the first team in NHL history to rebound from two 3-1 series deficits to win in one postseason with a 4-2 victory at Vancouver.
2011 — University of Georgia senior Russell Henley becomes the second amateur winner in PGA Nationwide Tour history, shooting a 3-under 68 for a two-stroke victory in the Stadion Classic.
2012 — Josh Hamilton becomes the 16th player to hit four home runs in a game, launching a quartet of two-run drives against three different pitchers to carry the Texas Rangers to a 10-3 victory over the Baltimore Orioles.
2014 — The Houston Texans takes South Carolina defensive end Jadeveon Clowney with the first pick in the NFL draft. The draft's other big name, Texas A&M quarterback Johnny Manziel, sits until Cleveland makes its third trade of the round and grabs the 2012 Heisman Trophy winner at No. 22.
1930 — Gallant Fox, ridden by Earl Sande, wins the Preakness Stakes by three-quarters of a length over Crack Brigade. Gallant Fox becomes the only Triple Crown winner to win the Preakness a week before the Kentucky Derby.
1932 — Burgoo King, ridden by Eugene James, withstands a strong drive by Tick On to win the Preakness Stakes by a head.
1942 — Alsab, ridden by Basil James, wins the Preakness Stakes by one length over Requested.
1944 — Jockey Walter Warren is involved in a rare feat in thoroughbred racing history, riding two horses to dead heat first-place finishes at Sportsman's Park. In the sixth race, Warren rides Maejames to a dead heat finish with Piplad. In the eighth, Warren rides Susan Constant in another dead heat with Three Sands.
1961 — Jim Gentile of the Baltimore Orioles hits consecutive grand slams in the first and second innings of a 13-5 rout of Minnesota.
1993 — The Phoenix Suns beat the Los Angeles Lakers 112-104 in overtime to become the first NBA team to lose two playoff games at home and come back to win three straight games.
1999 — Marshall McDougall hits six consecutive homers and knocks in 16 runs — both NCAA records — in Florida State's 26-2 rout of Maryland.
2004 — Jay Bouwmeester scores the winning goal, and Canada rallies to beat Sweden for the second straight year in the gold-medal game at the world hockey championships, 5-3.
2006 — Joffrey Lupul becomes the first player in NHL playoff history to cap a four-goal game with an overtime score, netting the game-winner at 16:30 of the extra period to give Anaheim a 4-3 victory over Colorado.
2009 — LeBron James scores 47 points to lift Cleveland to a 97-82 win over Atlanta. The Cavaliers sets an NBA record with its seventh straight double-figure win to eclipse the mark set by the 2004 Indiana Pacers.
2010 — Dallas Braden pitches the 19th perfect game in major league history, a dazzling performance for the Oakland Athletics in a 4-0 victory over the Tampa Bay Rays.
2011 — The ATP and WTA tennis rankings are released with no American man or woman in the top 10 for the first time in the 38-year history of the rankings. Mardy Fish and Andy Roddick are Nos. 11 and 12, while Serena and Venus Williams were Nos. 17 and 19, respectively.
2016 — Stephen Curry returns from a sprained right knee to score an NBA-record 17 points in overtime, finishing with 40 as the Golden State Warriors rally to take a 3-1 lead in the Western Conference semifinals with a 132-125 victory over the Portland Trail Blazers.
2018 — The Lehigh Valley Phantoms beat Charlotte Checkers 2-1 in the longest game in the 82-year history of the American Hockey League. Alex Krushelnyski's goal at 6:48 of the fifth overtime period gives the Phantoms a 3-1 lead in the best-of-seven Atlantic Division Finals series.
1913 — Donerail, ridden by Roscoe Goose, comes from fifth place in the stretch to upset Ten Point by one-half length and win the Kentucky Derby, paying a record $184.90.
1919 — Sir Barton, ridden by Johnny Loftus, leads the whole way to win the Kentucky Derby by five lengths over Billy Kelly. Sir Barton, the first to capture the Triple Crown, is one of three maidens to win the Derby.
1941 — Whirlaway, ridden by Eddie Arcaro, wins the Preakness Stakes by 5½ lengths over King Cole.
1969 — The plans for the NFL-AFL merger are completed. The NFL will consist of two conferences of 13 teams, the AFC and NFC. The NFL will move three franchises, Baltimore, Cleveland and Pittsburgh, to the AFC.
1970 — Bobby Orr's goal gives Boston its first Stanley Cup in 29 years. The Bruins beat the St. Louis Blues 4-3 for a four-game sweep.
1973 — The New York Knicks win the NBA title in five games with a 102-93 victory over the Los Angeles Lakers.
1997 — Ato Boldon speeds to a mark of 9.89 seconds in the 100 meters at the Modesto Relays, becoming the sixth man in history to go faster than 9.90 seconds.
2001 — The XFL folds after one season. The football league, founded by the World Wrestling Federation and jointly owned by NBC, was a TV ratings disappointment.
2002 — Boston and Detroit play the lowest-scoring game in the NBA playoffs since the shot clock was introduced in the 1954-55 season. The Celtics edge the Pistons 66-64; the 130-point total is far below the previous low of 142 registered three times.
2005 — Miami's Dwyane Wade becomes the fifth player in NBA history with at least 30 points, 15 assists and five rebounds in a playoff game, joining Magic Johnson, Jerry West, Walt Frazier and Oscar Robertson. Wade's 31 points, 15 assists and seven rebounds lead the Heat to a 108-102 victory over Washington.
2006 — Cam Ward makes 28 saves in Carolina's 3-2 win over New Jersey to become the second NHL goalie to win his first seven postseason starts. The 22-year-old rookie joins Tiny Thompson, who did it for Boston in 1929-30.
2009 — Russia defends its gold medal at the world ice hockey championship, beating Canada 2-1 on in a rematch of last year's final.
2014 — Michael Sam is picked by the St. Louis Rams in the seventh round of the NFL draft, becoming the first openly gay player drafted by a pro football team. Sam, who played at Missouri and was the Southeastern Conference defensive player of the year, is taken with the 249th overall pick out of 256.
2016 — Stephen Curry becomes the first unanimous NBA MVP, earning the award for the second straight season after leading the defending champion Warriors to a record-setting season. Curry is the 11th player in league history to be voted MVP in consecutive seasons and the first guard to do so since Steve Nash in 2004-05 and 2005-06. Curry received 1,310 points from the 131 media voters.
2018 — Rafael Nadal breaks John McEnroe's record of 49 straight sets won on the same surface after beating Diego Schwartzman 6-3, 6-4 in the third round of the Madrid Open. Nadal extends his winning streak to 50 consecutive sets on clay, eclipsing the mark McEnroe established on carpet in 1984.
2018 — The Winnipeg Jets advance to the first Western Conference final in their short history after knocking off the NHL's best team in the regular season. Tyler Myers and Paul Stastny score 2:06 apart in the first period, and the Jets stun the Nashville Predators 5-1 in their first Game 7.


This technique is described here because it is not typically found in many popular dental implant texts. The technique was developed by Dr. Gustav Dahl in the 1940's. It is worth studying for those who desire a more complete understanding of implant dentistry. Photographs may be seen in various sections her on dental implants or visit us at our NYC dental implants office.
Intramucosal implant snapinserts are mushroom-shaped titanium projections which are attached with cold cure acrylic to the palatal side of a removable full or partial denture. They can only be used in the maxilla because the snapinserts require significant thickness of palatal attached gingiva receptor sites. The resultant connective tissue encapsulation around the mushroom-shaped insert heads result in mechanical retention of the prosthesis. The divergent paths of insertion lead to a secondary mode of retention and stability.
Snapinserts are used for additional security and retention with properly fitting and well constructed dentures, which have already been worn and adjusted. Patients should have a complete opposing occlusion. Palatal tissues should be firm and healthy.
Site selection for each insert is determined on the palatal side of the denture after verifying there are not palatal soft tissue contraindications. An acrylic receptor site bur is used to prepare sites within the denture for placement and attachment of the 12-14 insert bases. One row of three to four inserts are placed on the crest of the ridge, from the canine to the tuberosity. Another row of three inserts are placed along the junction of the palate and the alveolar ridge in a staggered fashion. The perimeter around each prepared insert base location is coated with dye from a purple denture transfer stick.
The patient's palate is dried with gauze and is then instructed to close hard with the denture in place. The dye around each base site provide exact transfer of crest and palatal slope sites. Twelve to fourteen circles representing the snapinsert locations in the denture should be outlined in purple on the patient's palate. A few drops of a local anesthetic with 1:100,000 epinephrine can be injected into each site.
A tissue receptor site bur is used at right angles to prepare a tissue channel in the center of each tissue site. The sites should be chosen where there is thick underlying tissue. If the palatal tissue is too thin at any given implant receptor site, the patient will experience pain when chewing or occluding because the head of the implant will push through the gingiva into crestal bone. That particular implant can be removed from the denture without loss of retention.
A tissue undercut bur is used to create an undercut in the tissues at the top of each insert channel. This undercut corresponds to the head of each insert. This bur is rotated only AFTER it is placed deeply into the tissue receptor site. This will create a female mushroom-shaped tissue receptor site that will retain the male mushroom-shaped implant.
An acrylic trim bur may be used to remove residual cold cure acrylic after it has hardened around the snapinserts in the denture. A small round bur is also helpful.
If the clinician finds that after putting the snapinserts into the denture they are unable to reseat the denture properly they should examine the path of draw of the snapinserts. Some divergence of the snapinserts between those on the ridge crest and those on the palatal junction is desired for maximum retention but if it is too great it will keep the denture from reseating. The clinician should remove the offending snapinsert and adjust the angulation before replacing it.
The patient should try to keep their teeth closed as much as possible for the next several weeks after the snapinserts are placed and to avoid chewing hard food. They should be on Peridex mouth rinse and can swish mouth rinse under the their denture to clean under it. They can also direct an oral irrigator under the denture to clean it. They should not remove the denture under any circumstances. It takes between three to six weeks for the palatal epithelium and connective tissue to properly heal around snapinsert heads so it is essential for both the clinician and patient to refrain from removing the denture because this will tear the newly formed epithelium and connective tissue. The patient should experience little postoperative pain.
The palate of the denture may be removed after two months if the patient desires. The clinician should attempt to minimize the frequency of removal of the snapinsert retained denture because this will adversely affect retention. The connective tissue in which the snapinserts are retained are torn each time the denture is removed.
Snapinserts typically come in two sizes with corresponding burs. It is recommended that the clinician first try this procedure with the smaller snapinserts because if there is inadequate retention around any given snapinsert the clinician may remove that one and prepare both the tissue and the denture with a larger one.
Some clinicians perform this procedure using trial snapinserts which allow nonfunctional healing analogous to two stage endosteal screws but this is usually not necessary. This technique involves placement of trial snap inserts into the tissue receptor sites without them being attached to the palatal side of the denture. The tissue is allowed to heal for several weeks before the trial snapinserts are removed and the regular snapinserts are attached to the denture.
The trial snapinserts have very thin metal bases which should be flush with the tissue when properly seated. The prepared base receptor sites in the prosthesis are then filled in with a soft tissue conditioner. A denture adhesive is applied to the maxillary prosthesis and inserted over the trial snapinserts.
In six weeks the snapinsert receptor sites are cleaned and the tissue conditioner is removed. The final snapinserts are attached to the previously prepared base site locations with cold cure acrylic resin. Local anesthetic is often not needed during this second appointment. The prosthesis is then placed into the mouth, and the final snapinserts should go into the healed tissue receptor sites. The occlusion and periphery is checked to make sure that the prosthesis is completely seated and stabile.
The intramucosal implant snapinsert denture can provide significant mechanical retention in the maxilla and should be considered a viable treatment option. It is relatively simple, quick, minimally invasive and easily reversible.
To see photographs of this technique click on "Dental Photos" at the top of this page and then click on 'Implants, Intramucosal.' There are hundreds of photographs in this section.


Q. Home Inspector Disturbed the Vermiculite… Problem?
I just read your question about a seller having asbestos in their home. I am on the other end, the buyer. I just had an inspection and the inspector found vermiculite in a portion of the home. It is covered by about 8-10 inches of new installation.
One concern, the inspector stuck his hand into the vermiculite and pulled out a handful to show me.. does this fall under the category of 'do not disturb the asbestos' or is this ok?
While a minor disturbance such as this may not be a major health risk in and of itself, the cumulative effect of exposure to asbestos is a proven threat. Apparently your inspector has a comfort level with it that exceeds what the EPA recommends. They recommend NOT disturbing the vermiculite insulation. If it is disturbed inadvertently, they recommend leaving the area and allowing the dust to settle.
Even though the inspector should not have disturbed it, I might also say that it is good that he found the vermiculite. Most inspectors don't move insulation around. His "probing" was what lead him to the discovery.
Now, you need to ask yourself how much you love the home. If you love it, and can either live in the home without disturbing the insulation, or can have it removed, then the home may still be a good option for you. The fact that additional insulation is on top of the vermiculite does give it an additional barrier that may help to minimize disturbances. You can read more about vermiculite insulation and asbestos on the EPA's website so that you can be well-informed as you make your decision.


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News + Intel
Should We Be Afraid of North Korea's Massive New ICBM?
by Sandboxx Oct 13, 2020
Featured Image: CNN
Two years ago, North Korea's nuclear weapons programs were at the forefront of many Americans' minds, as each subsequent test seemed to demonstrate increasing strategic capability. Atomic tests gave way to apparent hydrogen (or thermonuclear) tests. Ballistic missile tests gave way to intercontinental ballistic missile tests. Soon, it seemed all but clear that North Korea possessed the capability to strike the American mainland with a nuclear weapon.
President Trump's administration adopted an aggressive posture in dealing with North Korea's provocations, and in many ways, that aggressive posture seemed to pay dividends. North Korea's Kim Jong Un met with both South Korean and American leaders, including President Trump himself, and the nuclear tests came to an end. It seemed, at least for the moment, that America had postponed a North Korean nuclear standoff. But there was little doubt that Kim's days of saber-rattling would continue.
North Korea's new ICBM (KCNA)
Last Saturday, those suspicions were confirmed as North Korea held a widely publicized military parade that made it clear that Kim Jon Un's nuclear ambitions have not wained. On display, alongside a number of important military developments (like a new submarine-launched ballistic missile and new body armor for troops), was a new intercontinental ballistic missile that seems to positively dwarf North Korea's previous premier nuclear weapon, the Hwasong-15 (or HS-15).
Of course, North Korea has a long and illustrious history of faking significant defense developments for the sake of the global press. Even its claims about its existing nuclear arsenal are often seen as, at the very least, littered with exaggeration. So, while this new missile looks a whole lot bigger than the missile North Korea has already demonstrated could reach American shores, we should take analytical extrapolations about its potential capability with a grain of salt.
However, based on what we know about North Korea's previous ballistic missile programs, the state of its nuclear weapons programs, and the basics of missile technology, we can make some assumptions about this new weapon and what it means for America's relations with the hermit nation.
Bigger is Probably Better
This new missile, which for the moment lacks an official name, is significantly bigger than the longest-range missile in North Korea's arsenal, the HS-15. The HS-15 was first tested in 2017. Based on the missile's trajectory, altitude, and flight time, scientists have estimated it to have an operational range of greater than 8,100 miles — giving it the legs it needs to target the American capital city of Washington D.C. The new missile shown in Saturday's parade is significantly larger than the HS-15.
All of that added size could mean this new missile has a far greater range than even the HS-15. But for North Korea, this may not be the most important development it has pursued over these past years of relative quiet. Instead, it seems more likely that all this added size (and accompanying fuel) are for the benefit of a larger payload.
Read Next: North Korea accuses Trump of delaying nuclear talks for political gain
HS-15 (North Korean State TV)
The assumption then could be that this new missile was developed specifically to utilize multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles (MIRV). This could greatly increase the potential damage of a single missile strike while simultaneously making it more difficult to intercept the deployed nuclear warheads as they close in with their various targets. This is a common approach adopted by nations like the United States, Russia, and China for their own nuclear weapons. For example, consider Russia's positively massive RS-28 Sarmat, which can carry between 10 and 15 reentry vehicles and destroy swaths of land as large as Texas or France with a single launch, according to Russian press statements.
North Korea is believed to possess thermonuclear weapons, but it is unlikely that their new ICBM is as powerful as Russia's latest doomsday machines. Yet, that doesn't mean a MIRV-capable North Korean ICBM isn't something that should prompt a few concerns. If a single nuclear weapon was a significant concern in 2017, a single missile with multiple nuclear weapons certainly represents a more potent threat today.
Do We Know for Sure that North Korea's Missiles Can Reach U.S. Soil?
Based on the math gathered during North Korea's previous missile tests, it seems entirely likely that Kim Jong Un could order a missile strike on the continental United States and potentially even succeed in doing so. The United States maintains multiple overlapping layers of missile defenses: from THAAD launchers on the Korean Peninsula to Aegis destroyers at sea, and finally America's own ground-based midcourse defense (GMD) system designed to protect the U.S. from inbound nuclear missiles. Unfortunately, intercepting even a massive nuclear missile is sort of like shooting a bullet at another bullet from the other side of the globe… it's no easy undertaking.
The first of two Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) interceptors is launched during a successful intercept test. (DoD Photo)
America's GMD missile defense systems' procedure includes firing up to five kinetic interceptors at any one incoming missile to improve the chances of success. This approach works well for one inbound missile, but there's no denying that even America's overlapping missile defense approach would quickly get overwhelmed by a flurry of launches. That's why America still maintains its nuclear triad and the Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD) doctrine. America knows it can't stop every inbound nuke in a nuclear war, so the best we can do is promise nuclear annihilation in return.
However, there are some elements of North Korea's ICBM program that have yet to prove themselves in testing, and while there is evidence to suggest these missiles work, some questions do remain. North Korea has yet to fully demonstrate the survivability of its reentry vehicles. This means that the warheads themselves have yet to survive reentry from orbit all the way down to the surface in the area the missile has targeted (most often the open sea).
U.S. intelligence has suggested that they've seen reentry vehicles survive down to nearly one kilometer above the earth's surface. This is far enough for a powerful airburst detonation to be extremely effective. It's also worth noting that the vehicle in question re-entered the atmosphere at an angle of descent that caused more friction and heat than a strike against U.S. soil likely would, suggesting the warhead could have survived all the way to its target.
There has also been little to suggest that North Korea's ICBM program has a reliable targeting apparatus. But that may not matter, particularly in this case of this new, larger ICBM. Like in the case of the Soviet Union's arsenal (and even some modern Russian ICBMs), lacking in accurate targeting capabilities isn't that big of an issue when we're talking about the destructive force of a nuclear weapon. If this new weapon truly does carry multiple warheads, that becomes increasingly true: North Korea doesn't need good aim when it can shotgun blast nukes in America's direction.
(White House)
What Does This Really Mean for North Korean/US Relations?
Most pertinently, this new missile (as well as the, perhaps more strategically valuable, SLBM also unveiled in the parade) clearly demonstrates that President Trump was not as successful as many may have hoped in dissuading Kim's pursuit of more advanced and capable nuclear weapons. While testing may have been on a hiatus, development clearly was not — nor will it be in the years ahead.
Read Next: New intelligence suggests North Korea has successfully miniaturized its nuclear warheads for missile delivery
In a real way, this new development brings North Korean-U.S. relations back to a sort of starting point, before Trump and Kim jabbed at and courted one another in public remarks. North Korea and its leader, Kim Jong Un, aren't pursuing open war. Rather, they are leveraging the threat in order to force the world's economies to open back up to North Korea. Despite Kim's clear investment in military hardware, evidence suggests that North Korean troops are practically starving and that things aren't any better for the majority of the population amid ongoing sanctions.
(KCNA)
Kim's intent has always been to come to the negotiating table as an established nuclear power that cannot be ignored. Both of these new missiles bring him closer to that intended aim. The United States, which has largely dismissed North Korea's military provocations in the past, will be forced to engage with these threats more directly now that North Korea has the real capability to launch a nuclear strike. Some could argue that this is why Trump took such a new approach to dealing with Kim Jong Un. Trump has been the first American president faced with an actually nuclear-armed North Korea. This makes North Korea — there's no beating around the bush here — a more threatening nation than it has been in decades.
Whether President Trump or Vice President Biden win the upcoming election, North Korea's parade has made Kim's intentions clear: He wants America to come back to the negotiating table, and if he has his way, an easing of the economic sanctions that were put in place to deter his nuclear pursuits. North Korea wants to talk while holding a nuclear gun to America's head. And while there's no doubt who would win in such a conflict, the truth is, the losses would be so severe that winning wouldn't be all that great either.
So, what does this new missile really mean? More of the same, but with higher stakes than ever.
This article was written by Alex Hollings and originally published on SANDBOXX.
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Sandboxx News is an apolitical military news and media outlet oriented toward service members and their supporters, staffed by veterans, active duty service members, and military spouses.
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You Decide: Tom Green County Commissioners Resolve to Support Plan for Bond for $30 Million Coliseum Upgrade
By Yantis Green, Dec 6, 2022
SAN ANGELO – Tom Green County Commissioners Tuesday morning voted unanimously to support a $37 million plan to upgrade and expand the San Angelo Coliseum and negotiate with the San Angelo Stock Show & Rodeo and the City of San Angelo to fund it.
The City of San Angelo owns the Coliseum. Tom Green County will have to enter a binding, legal agreement with the City and the Rodeo Association to fund the project using county property tax dollars. During a presentation to the Commissioner's Court Tuesday, San Angelo Stock Show & Rodeo Association Past President Mike Boyd said the Association approached the city council about funding the $37 million project but city officials declined to pursue the project.
Coliseum Upgrade Projected Cost Graphic (Courtesy/SASSR)
The massive and much needed upgrade includes 60 luxury suits, six new ticket booths, 3000 more permanent seats, a 13,500 sq.ft. multipurpose room and major restroom expansion from 43 toilets, 5 urinals and 4 troughs to 206 toilets and 102 urinals.
The renovation would increase seating by 4,500 to 9,600 and would attract much larger music and entertainment shows to facility.
Coliseum Project Side View (Courtesy/SASSR)
Coliseum Project Top View (Courtesy/SASSR)
The Rodeo Association has already paid architects almost $1 million for the design of the renovation. The project is estimated to cost $36,988,000.
Rodeo Association officials asked the Commissioners Court to consider a $30 million bond to be placed on the May 2023 election. Tom Green County voters would have to approve the bond before the funding could be provided. Commissioners estimated the $30 million would equate to a 2 cent increase in property tax rate.
The specific funding arrangement will be negotiated between now and the May 2023 bond election.
The remaining $6,988,000 would come through private donations and fundraising by the association.
'Uncle Eddie' Fixes Blaine's Crappers
David Biggerstaff, Wed, 12/07/2022 - 01:00
I Totally disagree with this proposal. The City refused to Fund the Renovations. Then, the County gets involved. This is gonna be Shoved down the Tax Payers Throat. The Coliseum is Owned by The City of San Angelo. By No means should the Tax Payer pay for this Endeavor. The Tax Payer will not receive Anything in return. The Good Ole Boy Commissioner's Court caved in. Expecting, too raise Taxes to Accomplish the City's Goal. The City of San Angelo, will be The Only One who Benefits from this. There is Enough under the Table Ways to Place the Burden on the Tax Payer. Vote NO!!!
the next one, Wed, 12/07/2022 - 16:48
It's because the stock show and rodeo brings in so much money and revenue for San Angelo businesses. It will be forced one way or another, trust me.


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Sesame Street's Proto-Gordon: Mystery NO MORE!
by Ryan Roe | Dec 10, 2011 | Feature, Fun Stuff
It was one of the greatest mysteries of our time, on par with the fate of Amelia Earheart and the whereabouts of D.B. Cooper. The question had haunted Sesame Street fans and Sesame Workshop alike for years: Who played Gordon in the first test pilot episode of Sesame Street taped in 1969?
And now, in one of the most exciting developments in recent memory, the mystery has been solved.
If you're a regular reader of Tough Pigs, you may be familiar with this epic enigma, which we've been intrigued by ever since the release of Sesame Street Old School: Volume 2 in 2007. That DVD set's bonus features included the never-aired test episode that the show's producers made before production officially began, for the purpose of showing it to kids and getting their feedback. Bob and Susan and Mr. Hooper were there, all played by the same actors as usual, but Gordon… Gordon was different.
We already knew Gordon had been played by more than one actor over the span of the show, but we thought we knew our Gordon History. Gordon #1, in the first three seasons, was Matt Robinson. Gordon #2 was Hal Miller, who stuck around for just two seasons. And Gordon #3 was Roscoe Orman — the man whose bald head has been a comforting presence to millions of preschoolers since season six in 1974.
But now, here was this unknown entity… Gordon #0. The pre-Gordon. The Proto-Gordon. Who was that guy? Why wasn't he credited on the DVD? How was it possible that none of the fans on Muppet Wiki knew who he was?
As time went on, the mystery only became more mysterious. In 2009, Michael Davis wrote Street Gang, the "complete history of Sesame Street," a thorough, exhaustively researched, and very large book about the show. When he spoke to us about his book, we asked him if he had come across any clues as to the Proto-Gordon's true identity, but the answer was no. Davis had interviewed scores of people involved with the show, he had combed the Children's Television Workshop archives, but he hadn't found anything about the Proto-Gordon.
In August 2009, I posted an article here on Tough Pigs called "The Secret Proto-Gordon THAT TIME FORGOT!" As I pointed out in the article, if we had known who the guy was from the beginning, the whole thing would have been much less interesting to us. We would have just said, "Okay, so this actor John Smith was in the test pilot but didn't get cast on the show. That's interesting." But because he was unidentified, it became fascinating.
I concluded the article by asking any reader who might have a lead on the case of the Proto-Gordon to send me an e-mail so we could all finally rest easy. I thought maybe somebody would know somebody who knew somebody who knew the guy. In my craziest daydream, the man himself would e-mail me and say, "Hi there! I'm writing to let you know that I WAS THE PROTO-GORDON!" And then we would become friends and have letter D dance parties together.
I didn't get any e-mails.
A few months later, Sesame Workshop released their official 40th anniversary coffee table book, A Celebration of 40 Years. Among its many beautiful, information-packed pages, it included a photo of the Proto-Gordon accompanied by a caption noting the fact that nobody knew who the heck the guy was. "If you can identify him," it said, "please contact Sesame Workshop!"
Now, I'm not gonna suggest that it was because of the Tough Pigs article that the Sesame Workshop people decided to include that plea for info in their book. I know they worked on that book for years, and it may have been in the plan all along. And yet… I'm also not gonna suggest that they didn't get the idea because of the Tough Pigs article. Because the delusion is considerably more ego-boosting than the reality.
But Sesame Workshop didn't get any e-mails either. So fast forward two more years to November 2011, and it's now Sesame Street's 42nd birthday. They mark the occasion by making the biggest effort yet to identify Mr. Proto-Gordon, and they turn to the citizens of the internet for help. They made a web page called "The Case of the Missing Gordon," which began, "Sesame Workshop has a problem, and we need your help: We lost Gordon." They posted it on Facebook, on Twitter, on Tumblr, and even on Reddit, where well-meaning users started throwing out all kinds of wild suggestions… I'm pretty sure every African-American actor active in the 60s and 70s was mentioned.
Everyone loves Sesame Street and everyone loves a mystery, so it wasn't long before the story was picked up by blogs, pop culture websites, and even TV news shows. And that's how they found the Proto-Gordon, who turned out to be Garrett Hobart Saunders, a New York-based actor. Yesterday, just about a month after the original call for info, Sesame posted a Tumblr entry called "We Found Gordon!" Here's an excerpt:
Mr. Saunders' nephew saw a story of our search and immediately contacted his cousins – Garrett Saunders' two daughters. Both women reached out to us later that day, providing us the photo above and the other information we needed. With their help, we were able to verify that Mr. Saunders was, in fact, the first Gordon.
And that's it! The Proto-Gordon has a name! The Muppet Wiki page for Gordon has been updated! We all have a great trivia question to ask our casual Sesame Street fan friends and show how smart we are! And we can all stop searching!
So… now I guess we need another mystery to solve. Can we use social media to figure out who played Astoria on The Muppet Show?
Click here to prime the pump up on the Tough Pigs forum!
by Ryan Roe – Ryan@ToughPigs.com
The People That You Meet Each Day on Sesame Street YouTube Videos
Finally, the TRUE Sesame Street Zodiac
A Brief(ish) History of Tough Pigs, Part 4
The Random Muppet Challenge, Round 3


Job Scope: Develop and maintain relationship with clients. Analyze and evaluate financial needs of clients. Recommend suitable solutions to address clients needs. Act as liaison to multiple financial product providers and investment platforms.


Institutions in the midst of 2018 recruiting are likely feeling the pinch of recent declines in higher education enrollment. Surveys by The Chronicle of Higher Education and Inside Higher Ed put data to the pain that admissions directors and leadership are experiencing. The Chronicle found that 44% of public colleges and 55% of private colleges missed enrollment goals in 2017. The findings from Inside Higher Ed are even more alarming: only 34% of institutions met enrollment goals in 2017, declining from 37% and 42% in 2016 and 2015 respectively. Indeed, higher education enrollment trends should be a discussion point in your next committee meeting.
This is normally where an opinion blog would use a coordinating conjunction to introduce the good news. "Higher ed trends look bad all around but the good news is…" Unfortunately, we can't confidently say that because demographics are against us. A Washington Post article found that the overall number of high school graduates is likely to decline by 9% from 2026 to 2031. What makes this more troubling is that the percentage of graduates going to college has steadily increased and is now close to 70%. In addition to having fewer prospects, admissions offices are seeing fewer conversion opportunities.
So what can administrators do to overcome higher education enrollment trends in the face of waning budgets?
Enter coordinating conjunction: But the good news is that you're not helpless in your quest to meet enrollment goals. Successful strategies to improve yield and attract best-fit students center on engagement and communication process not large investments or far reaching marketing campaigns.
Today's students are more demanding shoppers. Schools need to adjust the enrollment experience for this new type of digitally native customer. Every communication point matters to prospective students, who expect the personalization and immediacy that comes with the digital age. Each interaction you have along the enrollment lifecycle - from prospective student to applicant to admit to enrolled - contributes to the student's overall enrollment experience. Administrators need to ensure that their communication methods keep pace. Ask yourself: are you communicating where and how students operate most or where you operate most?
Changing higher ed trends are creating an environment that is part buyer's market, part job seeker's market. Which means institutions need to compete aggressively for talent. Instead of lowering the asking price or raising salary offers, administrators will have to pull their monetary lever: financial aid availability. This will elevate the financial aid conversation from a pesky application task to an integral part of the prospective student experience. Financial aid availability should be communicated much earlier in the enrollment process and continue throughout the enrollment journey. That means that financial aid directors must work closely with their admissions counterparts to ensure streamlined student communication. Communication coordination is vital to the overall enrollment experience and to ensure that your enrollment goals are met.
Finally, administrators should be nurturing a tight-knit and involved alumni network. A strong alumni base isn't just for fundraising, although that certainly helps. For discerning prospective students, word-of-mouth referrals are an important source of information in deciding where to apply. Students are increasingly skeptical of website information and school rankings. They want to hear about authentic experiences from current and former students who are involved with their colleges and universities. This is a generation that engages in the community. Your communication with alumni should foster engagement with the school, fellow alumni, and the broader community. Expert alumni communication allows for scale, personalization, and even localization.
While higher education enrollment trends point to more pain in the future, the steps that administrators take now can alleviate the impact of that pain. Institutions don't have to spend significantly on marketing to improve enrollment, in fact, that approach may be counterproductive in the long run. A solid communication plan built on personalization at scale is the common theme among each of these recommendations.


CRYSTAL PALACE have reportedly had a shock £32m bid for Belgian striker Michy Batshuayi accepted.
The Marseille ace has been linked with a move to the Premier League for several months with West Ham and Tottenham both interested.
However French publication L'Equipe now claim Palace have stolen a march on their top-flight rivals and agreed a fee for the 22-year-old.
It is claimed that Batshuayi is yet to make up his mind over a move to Selhurst Park this summer.
Batshuayi, who moved from Standard Liege to Marseille in 2014, scored 17 goals in 36 Ligue 1 appearances last term.
He also netted just minutes after coming on in Belgium's 4-0 last 16 win over Hungary at Euro 2016 yesterday.
The forward recently said that he will leave any discussions over his future until after his international commitments in France where seen through.
"I don't think about that, I prefer to concentrate 100 per cent on the Euros, then we will see what happens," he told Sky Sports last month.