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Adopted by the Board of Directors of Scottish Power Retail Holdings Ltd. on 28 June 2018.
The Board of Directors of Scottish Power Retail Holdings Ltd. adopted the Risk Policy for the Deregulated Business in the United Kingdom (Scottish Power) on 28 June 2018.
Adopted by the Board of Directors of Scottish Power Retail Holdings Ltd. on November 25, 2016.


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Parashat Hayeh Sara: Maintaining our identity
Rabbi Dr. David Fox
The traditional Shabbat Torah reading this week is the section called Chayai Sora – our early history after the life of our matriarch Sora, or Sarah. We meet up with a number of key figures in the unfolding saga of what was to become the Jewish people. They include Eliezer, the trusted servant-disciple of Abraham, and Lavan, the brother of Abraham, and Sarah's daughter-in-law, Rivkah.
Within the passages of the Torah are explicit lessons and laws as well as subtle glimpses into the values and standards of people with varying lifestyles. I share here an insight, an idea derived from within the Torah's reference to Lavan. It is very much a subtle inference yet I find it edifying in a sobering way.
When the stranger and traveler Eliezer arrives unannounced at the oasis ruled by Lavan, a pagan devotee of the local idols, he is greeted by his host who assures him that he can enter his dwelling because he has "cleared it out."
When one checks into a motel, we want assurance that the bed linens have been changed, the carpet vacuumed, the electricity operating; it would seem strange for the front desk to declare that the room has been "cleared out." It is on that atypical phrase that our Sages clarify that Lavan was an idolater and he was intent on assuring his visitor that the house was now clear of his icons and pagan artifacts.
Now, not knowing anything about his guest, one would wonder why he would rid his place of his own religious items. Why not assure his guest that the room is replete with all of the materials he needs to pray, sacrifice and worship (not unlike those hotels which stock their rooms with a bible for those who seek one)?
One approach here is to recall that Eliezer was a stranger, and as such, likely had his own local religion, and would not be familiar with the regional deity worshipped by Lavan and clan. As such, Lavan reasoned, it might be offensive for his guest to find himself surrounded by pagan icons which represented a cult other than his own. So, Lavan, not to offend the beliefs of his visitor, assured him that he had gotten rid of all of his own religious items.
I once attended a conference for Orthodox mental health professionals, during the December holiday week, in a large hotel. Trust me, the lobby retained its large tree and its colored lights and wreaths. The management was respectful but had no interest in "clearing out" their own religious symbols. Had they informed us that they had "cleared out the house" and put their tree and icons in storage, we would not have felt respected. We would have questioned whether the owner was truly a devout member of his faith. Respecting people is important, but loyalty to one's own faith and its tenets is meant to be a priority. We do not expect one to clear out or marginalize those possessions which mark the importance of their personal belief system.
This is a lesson to be derived from the words in the Torah which depict Lavan's statement. His faith was of the sort that it could be set aside in order to accommodate the sensitivities of someone of another religion, and Lavan not only deprioritized his own religion so as not to offend his guest, but he actually announced that he was doing so, getting rid of any signs of his religion in order to show his guest honor.
In the frequent dialectic between our own G-d focused standards and our own interpersonal standards, many of us feel the tension, and are confronted with this same challenge. Do we set aside those practices which are a part of our transcendent spirituality and our faith tradition when in the company of others, so as to avoid making waves? Or, do we exhibit respect, tolerance and kindness while also maintaining an identity which is decidedly committed to full-scope Judaism and unwavering in its allegiance to our beliefs?
On a university campus, often far from home and family, and frequently exposed to challenge and confrontation, we can face the Lavan test and "clear out the place" to blend in, or we can be "clear about our place."
Rabbi Dr. David Fox is rabbi of the Hashkama Minyan in Hancock Park, and a forensic and clinical psychologist. He has been a graduate school professor for close to forty years, is an author, and serves as a rabbinical judge. He directs Crisis and Trauma services for Chai Lifeline internationally.
Tags Identity laban lavan parasha psychologist psychology Rabbi Sarah tot
To name a thing is to call it into being: A reflection on the Pittsburgh tragedy
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Note: This is part 2 of a 2 part series. Read Brian's first post here.
Photo credit: Michael S. Williamson (source here).
Yesterday, we introduced the concept of the Great Decoupling – the idea that middle class income growth is no longer connected to the growth of the broader American economy.
Today, we look past broad macroeconomic solutions (in part because of the challenges in diagnosis discussed below, and in part because of the challenges in the basic functioning of Congress), and identify three ways that we can work to push back against this forty-year trend.
In short, we can uncover the true causes of the Great Decoupling, closely study the responses of states and communities, and, in the meantime, tell the stories of those who have been unhitched from the American economic engine.
There are many proposed explanations for the Great Decoupling – from the decline of organized labor in America to the offshoring pressures of globalization, from onerous regulatory policy to the growth of technology. Andrew McAfee, for example, in his recent ebook co-authored with MIT professor Erik Brynjolfsson, Race Against the Machine: How the Digital Revolution is Accelerating Innovation, Driving Productivity, and Irreversibly Transforming Employment and the Economy, argues that even globalization is subservient to the trends of the technological age. The manufacturing jobs that were stripped from United States workers and outsourced to cheap foreign labor have now been stripped from foreign laborers and given to machines.
Others, like Tyler Cowen in his ebook, The Great Stagnation: How America Ate All The Low-Hanging Fruit of Modern History, Got Sick, and Will (Eventually) Feel Better, argue that the close relationship between GDP growth and the wage growth of the middle class was an anomaly driven by cheap land, a wealth of immigrant labor, and the explosion of new technologies. Now that these shortcuts to growth are gone, he argues, so too is the consistent growth of the middle class.
There have been further discussions on how to measure the Great Decoupling. Read Slate's Matthew Yglesias here on the accuracy of measuring standards of living, and a response here.
But as of yet, we have not isolated a single cause of this economic shift. More research needs to be done.
The confusion around diagnosing the problem has not stopped states and communities in economic crisis from packaging together their own responses. Examples abound in the former manufacturing hubs of the United States – examples like Martinsville, Virginia's Harvest Foundation, which invests in educational opportunities for residents living in the shadow of closed factories. Or next door in Danville, the Institute for Advanced Learning and Research. Both of these organizations work alongside community colleges to respond to the growing need for workforce training. Educate your workers, these organizations argue, and they'll be ready to adapt to whatever shape the economy takes next.
These policy responses are admirable. They should be studied further and states and the federal government should heavily fund those that are successful. But we shouldn't forget that they constitute a basic concession that the conventional idea of stability – of one adult training to do a single job well for his or her entire life and supporting a family on that trade – is slipping out of reach.
The data too often can anesthetize the real pain of this decoupling. It has been a brutal, violent process for the past three decades, and authors like Beth Macy and the intrepid duo of Columbia journalism professor Dale Maharidge and Washington Post photographer Michael S. Williamson have brought pictures, names, and faces to this very human crisis.
In their book, Someplace Like America: Tales from the New Great Depression, Maharidge and Williamson continue their seminal work from the 1980s (Journey to Nowhere) on the decline of American manufacturing told through the stories of various American workers and their families.
As these authors show, the toll that poverty and unemployment takes on the men, women, and families in these pages is similarly devastating whether the family was interviewed in the 1980s or the 2000s. But what has changed is their setting. The poor of the 1980s were found in rural communities, hiding in the trainyards of the West, or on the streets of major cities. Poverty today has slipped down the road, beyond the city slums to the highway, and crawled into what used to be the bastion of middle-class lifestyle. For the first time in American history, there are more poor families in our suburbs than our cities (making below $22,314 for a family of four).
Today, few leading novelists, poets, or critics have devoted serious effort to recording economic conditions in obscure corners of America. Books of documentary reportage on the new depression have come and gone without much notice. That's a shame, because, separately and together, they create a portrait of the country that is deeper, more disturbing, and, finally, more persuasive than tales of great men flying too close to the sun.
Public policy is a deeply human enterprise, unable to function effectively without the stories captured by Macy, Maharidge, Williamson, and others. While we try to diagnose and resolve America's Great Decoupling, we cannot expect to do so without understanding the people and communities caught in its wake.


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Rick Warren Exploits Paranoia To Defend Prop 8
Rick Warren — you remember him. He has all of those "many gay friends" — said this about why he supported California's Prop 8:
…There were all kinds of threats that if that [Prop 8] did not pass, then any pastor could be considered doing hate speech if he shared his views that he didn't think homosexuality was the most natural way for relationships. And that would be hate speech. To me, we should have freedom of speech. And you should be able to have freedom of speech to make your position, and I should be able to have freedom of speech to make my position. And can we do this in a civil way?
This is unadulterated nonsense. First, a civil marriage law does nothing to impinge on what a pastor can preach. Divorce is very common, but you can waive all the divorce decrees and new marriage licences in front of a Catholic priest's face and he's not going to marry anyone unless the Vatican has granted an annulment. And he'll be happy to explain it to the couple in his office, at the pulpit, on the Internet, or anywhere else. It's not hate speech.
And what if it were considered hate speech? No problem there either because in the United States, hate speech is not against the law. And it can never be against the law as long as the First Amendment is in effect. We already have laws against discrimination based on race and religion, but even with those laws, Rick Warren can be as anti-Semitic and racist as he wants to be. He's neither of those things, but if he wanted to be, he could. And the law would protect him.
I suspect Rev. Warren knows that. But he'd rather stoke the paranoia of his fellow evangelicals than actually discuss the issue "in a civil way."
Tags: California, Freedom of Religion, Freedom of Speech, Marriage, Proposition 8 (CA), Rick Warren
I saw Huckabee on John Stewart give the same runaround last week. He insists he wants to "preserve a 5000-year tradition…" What the right-wingers don't want to say is that they can't stand the thought of gay people expressing themselves (sexually), but that would sound too mean or morally judgmental. So they cloak it in sound-bites that have circular logic. For example they also say that gay people should not have sex because they aren't married. But they don't want them to get married because that "goes against a 5000-year-old tradition."
Matt Algren
But even beyond what Carol said (and she's quite right), THE DEFINITION OF MARRIAGE HAS NOT BEEN CONSTANT FOR 5,000 YEARS.
For goodness sake, it hasn't even been constant for the past 50 years!
Gee…. there might be a 10,000+ year tradition of marriage between persons of the same gender in America. Let's preserve that!
Jim-I think you probably meant to write "why he supported California's Prop 8."
As the the substance of what Warren says in that video… ugh, what a frickin' dishonest and patronizing creep. On the other hand, watching the interviewing toady work his way through his repertoire of sycophantic faces was kind of amusing.
I've come to realize that many evangelical leaders are more than happy to mislead, deceive, and perhaps even lie when it comes to homosexuality. They simply won't deal with the subject honestly.
And same-sex marriage has existed in cultures throughout the world for as long as we can tell. The 5000 yr old institution stuff is nonsense. The gay community needs to educate itself on the facts so we can publicly show the country how misinformed (or deceitful) the anti-gays are.
Rev. Warren is a liar. I was taught by my mother not to lie and I don't. It is too bad that the fundamentalists who pushed for passage of Prop 8 didn't have a similar upbringing.
The Lauderdale
RE: Patrick,
Same-sex unions have certainly existed across cultures and time periods, with varying degrees of legal, formal and ritual recognition. Examples of same-sex marriage (at least prior to the current century) seem sparser in the literature, but I've read convincing testimony of same-sex marriage in Native American Tribes, and obviously they are cited in very negative language in the early Roman/Christian context, basically for the express purpose of prohibiting them. I want to find more examples of same-sex marriages, where they are explicitly referred to AS marriages, in different historical/cultural contexts. For example, I've seen allusions to bridal arrangements between women in African tribes, but don't know if that was just "stuff on the Internet" – I need to hit print resources for research to confirm or deny this: were those marriages or unions?
And arguing about it that way setting up a false dichotomy? I want to explore the distinction, culturally and historically, between "union" and "marriage" in those contexts, prior to the current debate between the legitimacy of civil unions vs. marriage.
Lauderdale-
Check the following for more information:
Gilbert Herdt (1998) "Same Sex, Different Cultures"
Patrick M Chapman (2008) "Thou Shalt Not Love: What Evangelicals Really Say to Gays" – (in the interest of full disclosure, I am the author and a PhD anthropologist)
For one specific article on how the Azande of Africa used the same word to describe same-sex marriages and other-sex marriages, see:
E. E. Evans-Pritchard (1970) "Sexual Inversion among the Azande", American Anthropologist 72:1428-1434.
There are also many other examples in the anthropological literature. My book and Herdt's present a number of them. You will find that the distinction between a union and a marriage is not one many societies would recognize.
I recommend Stephanie Coontz (2005) "Marriage, a History" for more information on marriage in history.
I'm not sure that Rick Warren is lying when he imagines the evils that could await Christians. He's not a lawyer and he's been bombarded with lies from Alliance Defense Fund and the Pacific Justice people.
Yes, he should know better.
And yes, he chooses to believe these people when there are plenty of legal voices saying that it's nonsense.
And yes, he is definitely bearing false witness by claiming to know something to be true when it is patently untrue. But I think he may not be lying, per se. Instead he may just be allowing himself to believe and spread lies.
To wander way off on a pig trail: for those who are from a Judeo/Christian backgroud, bearing false witness is broader than lying. While it forbids stamements that one knows to be untrue, it also forbids making statements about which one doesn't know the truth.
Interestingly, in our culture we are far more tolerant of those who are wrong than we are of those who lie. We figure that it's "just a mistake", even though the person has falsely set themselves up as an authority – which is, unquestionably, a form of lie. We dismiss it as, "he didn't mean to lie, he just didn't know the facts". And churches seldom consider it "a sin" to make a false declaration about a subject over which one is ill informed.
I find that interesting.
OK… pig trail over.
lzr
All this talk about the 5,000 year-old tradition of marriage just proves straight people don't know their musical theater…
From Fiddler on the Roof, which was all about breaking tradition and marrying for love instead of letting the matchmaker pick your spouse for you…
"Tevye: They gave each other a pledge. Unheard of, absurd.
You gave each other a pledge?
Unthinkable. Where do you think you are?
In Moscow? In Paris? Where do think they are? America?
And what do you think you're doing?
You stitcher, you nothing! Who do think you are? King Solomon?
This isn't the way it's done, not here, not now.
Some things I will not, I cannot, allow.
Tradtion! — Marriages must be arranged by the papa. This should never be changed.
One little time you pull out a prop, and where does it stop? Where does it stop?"
Where does it stop!? If you break tradition and let Motel, the tailor, marry Tzeitel, the milkman's daughter, for love, next thing you know Moishe, the baker, and Ocham, the razor maker, will want to get married too — even though they're boys!
Is this the same Rick Warren who is supposed to give the invocation during Obama's inauguration?
How can marriage be a 5000-year tradition when the Earth is only 3000 years old?
Biblical literalists believe the Earth to be 6,000 years old
Ben in Oakland
This is how Mr. warren does it:
Nobel prize-winner Peter Medawar on Teilhard de Chardin, a catholic priest writing in the early part of this century:
"the author can be excused of dishonesty only on the grounds that before deceiving others, he has taken great pains to deceive himself."
And quoting one of my very favorite authors–myself:
"A host of good Christians are all happy to tell me how much they love me… right before they tell me how much they hate my child-molesting, disease spreading, country-destroying, religion-despising, marriage-compromising, military demoralizing ways."
Recall Brown; annul exitsting gay marriage; ready National Guard to invade SF for failure to comply to annulments; recall gay judges; separate state for P8 counties; then separate country, west midwest, south, and western Canada; build Bering strait bridge to Russia for energy and new alliances that are not gay marriage states.
The real reason for Gay Marriage is Legal leverage. In California, a Civil Union had the same rights as a Religious Marriage, saying that it did not have Federal Recognition was true but as half the states did not have Civil Unions it would have been much more productive to have kept the Civil Union in California and pressed all States to accept the same. In Boston a Catholic Charity that assisted couples with adoption was sued by a Gay Couple, they shut down their operation rather than pay the legal fees.
What kind of victory was that. A Photographer was sued and had to pay $10,000, another great victory, the battle was won but the war was lost/losing. Parents in Mass asked the School to not have their son attend lessons that included the King and King. They were told that their only resolution would be to take their son out of the Public School system.
I worked for the USPS for years and before Civil Unions we would know of couples that were referred to as married. Nobody treated them differently and we always delivered their post and let them sign for the other party. The way the San Fran Community have acted since Prop 8 has passed is embarrasing.
I think it is time for everyone to take stock of the situation and start thinking really seriously about what they want and to be realistic about how to get it. One more thing, be careful about what you want!!!!!!!.


About two weeks ago, blogger HR advised me that the KNMI Climate Explorer had added another Ocean Heat Content Anomaly dataset, one identified as UKMO EN3. That ocean heat content data was available at four depths: 0-400 meters, 0-700 meters, 0-1000 meters and 0-2000 meters. Curiously, there was no reference to the UKMO EN3 ocean heat content data on the KNMI Climate Explorer news page, but there was, and still is, a note that the UKMO EN3 ocean salinity content data was added on May 2, 2012.
The UKMO EN3 ocean heat content anomaly data disappeared from the Climate Explorer website as surprisingly as it appeared. Yesterday, Friday June 1, I wanted to add to the graphs I had already prepared for an introductory post on the dataset, but the UKMO EN3-based ocean heat content had been removed. The salinity data remains, however. The UKMO EN3 ocean heat content data was there on Thursday May 31, I downloaded tropical Pacific data that day, but it was gone the next.
According to the UKMO EN3 webpage, the sources for the dataset are the obsolete NODC World Ocean Database 2005 (It has been replaced by the NODC World Ocean Database 2009), the NODC Global Temperature and Salinity Profile Programme (GTSPP), ARGO, and the Arctic Synoptic Basin-wide Observations (ASBO) project. The reference paper for the UKMO EN3 data is Ingleby and Huddleston (2007) Quality control of ocean temperature and salinity profiles – historical and real-time data.
The current version of the UKMO EN3 data (EN3_v2a) is corrected for the fall rates of expendable bathythermograph (XBT) based on the 2008 Wijffels et al paper Changing expendable bathythermograph fall rates and their impact on estimates of thermosteric sea level rise. These were the same corrections applied to the NODC ocean heat content anomaly data when they released it with the Levitus et al (2009) paper Global ocean heat content 1955–2008 in light of recently revealed instrumentation problems. So one would expect the two datasets to be similar during the 1970s and 80s. The UKMO EN3 data is also corrected for known ARGO problems (sensor drift, bias, spikes, etc.) based on Guinehut et al (2009) paper On the use of satellite altimeter data in Argo quality control. Levitus et al (2009) don't reference Guinehut et al (2009), but they do note the ARGO data was corrected. Note: As far as I can tell, the data corrections are in separate files at the UKMO website.
If we compare the global UKMO EN3 ocean heat content anomalies (0-700 meters) to the NODC data for the same depths, Figure 1, we can see that the UKMO data (that is no longer available through the KNMI Climate Explorer) had not been corrected. The very obvious difference is that the UKMO data still had the hump in the 1970s and 1980s. And that suggests that the UKMO OHC data also did not receive the ARGO-era corrections based on Guinehut et al (2009).
So, where does that leave us during the ARGO era? I included graphs of the ARGO-era UKMO EN3 global Ocean Heat Content data in my post Dana1981 at SkepticalScience Tries to Mislead His Readers? See Figures 2 and 3. Are they misleading?
Figure 4 compares three ocean heat content anomaly datasets (0-700 meters) during the ARGO-era, from January 2003 to March 2010: the UKMO EN3 data and the NODC data before and after the modifications made in late 2010. The similarities between the early version of the NODC data and the uncorrected UKMO data may lead some to believe that the current version of the UKMO data would, if it had been available, resemble the revised NODC data. Unfortunately, the NODC made numerous changes to their ocean heat content anomaly data in 2010. I discussed the 2010 modifications to the NODC ocean heat content anomalies in the post Update And Changes To NODC Ocean Heat Content Data. The revisions to the NODC data were based on ongoing corrections to ARGO data. And the revisions were based on changes to the climatology used to calculate anomalies. And there were changes to the NODC OHC anomalies in 2010 due to additional XBT bias corrections. Refer to the NODC's Notes on Changes to Heat Content Integrals between Levitus et al. (2009)* and September 2010 online version. And that leaves too many unknowns for us to say one way or the other that the ARGO corrections were responsible for the recent increase in the NODC ocean heat content data. So, for now, I will leave Figures 7 and 8 in my post Dana1981 at SkepticalScience Tries to Mislead His Readerswithout any notations. But I will add an update to the post, directing readers to this post.
I was very sorry to see KNMI remove the UKMO EN3 ocean heat content data from Climate Explorer. I had always wanted to investigate that hump by dividing the oceans into subsets to see whether the Wijffels et al (2008)-based corrections were heavy handed. In other words, did the XBT fall-rate corrections remove part of a decadal variation that could be explained by changes in natural factors.
For example, Figure 5 compares the UKMO EN3 ocean heat content anomalies for the North Pacific, north of 20N, to the sea level pressure anomalies for the western North Pacific, north of 30N. Both datasets have been smoothed with a 121-month filter. My thought was that changes in sea level pressure there might impact how ocean heat was distributed from the tropics to the extratropics. And there are enough similarities between the two datasets to make one wonder whether the Wijffels et al (2008)-based corrections removed part of a naturally caused decadal variation in the data. Unfortunately, that was as far as I was able to take those comparisons.
I did do something worthwhile while the UKMO EN3 data was available. I downloaded anomaly maps for depths of 0-2000 meters for an animation. As usual, the animation uses maps of 12-month average anomalies that progress monthly. The 12-month averages are used to minimize any seasonal component and noise. Animation 1 starts with the 12-month period of January to December 1996 and runs through the 12-month period of April 2011 to March 2012. I enjoy watching how ENSO impacts different variables, such as how and where leftover ocean heat content anomalies from the 1997/98 El Niño was "recycled" for the secondary El Niño events in 2002/03, 2004/05 and 2006/07. Such as how ENSO-related ocean heat content anomalies work their way from the tropics toward the poles. You may have to click on the animation to get it to show.
Well, that's the story about the short-lived UKMO Ocean Heat Content data at the KNMI Climate Explorer. Sorry that KNMI felt obligated to remove it. It would have been an interesting dataset to investigate. I won't speculate as to why it was removed. But you can.
The UKMO dataset was more consistent with the now defunct ENVISAT sea level series. The NODC OHC dataset is more consistent with the Colorado sea level series. Go figure.
I think the real problem is that these indices are being calibrated to hypotheses rather than any actual measurable reality. Does anyone believe that we know the position of the altimetry satellites in space to within a few millimetres? As for the endless ARGO adjustments, this is the fudging of data to fit the theory. Plus the big upward step at the splice with XBT data is demonstrably wrong using CERES flashflux data.
Red hot lies. We are being conned.
I have been reading more of your links from WUWT and reading them here! Thank you again Bob.
And thank you for your interest, Susan S.
Bob – do you have a link to the actual data used in Figure 2?
The UKMO EN3 data was unfortunately removed from the KNMI Climate Explorer as discussed in the post.
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These women talk about creating a "Lifebook" for an adopted child. Basically, it's a way to compile all the facts about the beginning of life — from conception to adoption — and have a guide for when the time comes to talk about adoption. Unlike a scrapbook, this type of book would be more private with the details about the birthparents and their reasons for deciding not to raise the baby.
The whole time we've had Cate, I've been developing a similar idea. I want to make a book for her called "Chosen." I want it to be her story, leading up to her birth. Well, maybe leading up to us coming home with her. Regardless, I'm totally on the same page with these women who wrote the book.
Susan TeBos has three internationally adopted children. The processes to adopt internationally and domestically are different, so I'm having trouble relating when she keeps talking about the missing pieces and the loss the adopted child must feel. But then I think, maybe I'm just naive. Maybe Cate will experience some feelings of loss when she finds out she is adopted.
My prayer is Cate realizes she gained much on May 6, 2007. On that day, another woman — a brave, giving woman — birthed her. She had our baby. But in her words to us throughout the weeks leading up to May 6, 2007, she was thankful this baby was going to have a home, particularly our home.
We've had Cate in our arms since the day she was born. Her life hasn't been disjointed in a way that children who begin their lives overseas with one family or in an orphanage experience before they're relocated to another, more permanent home. Again, maybe I'm naive, but I think the consistency of this being Cate's home is worth something.
Like before and now. With Cate, I have God's peace in a way I've never experienced. She's made Greg and I better people, individually and together. And we gel as a family.
Now, that's not to say we're not going to talk to her about her birthmother and how she came to be in our family. We are. I've thought about it many times, and she's only eight months old. BUT I believe God gave her to us for reasons we know, reasons we'll learn as she grows and reasons we may never know.
I also pray that whatever Cate's perceptive and emotions are will be real to us and we'll have the wisdom and insight to deal with them appropriately. I'm almost ready to start on her book so her story will be bound in the pages that will be hers.
And, just for the record, "Before You Were Mine" is an excellent resource of questions to ask yourself as an adoptive parent so the information included is thorough. There's also great scriptures used to help relate the idea of adoption to the way God accepts us into his family.
I ditto what Shelley said. She'll be thankful to know her history when she's older.


Back to school is a crazy time, and it is important that we do it right. We have a precious amount of time to build relationships with and among our students to turn our class into a classroom community. There is no better way to accomplish back to school bliss than through cooperative learning strategies.
Why you ask? Cooperative learning activities allow students to work with multiple people through partners or teams, build positive interdependence through working towards a common goal, allow students to move around, and they are fun! I mean, what more could you ask for in back to school activities?
There are a million and one cooperative learning strategies out there, and they will all accomplish the goals of building community, but the following are my absolute favorite for back to school!
Okay, so this first one is actually a combination of two cooperative learning strategies, but they are both so simple and go flawlessly together that I couldn't help it!
To complete Find a Partner, students first stand up and push in their chair if necessary. Then they look for a partner to make eye contact with. They move to their partners once eye contact has been made. Finally, they form a partnership by high-fiving another student. It's just that easy!
When I model this for students I make sure to point out that while you want to find someone that isn't already in your table team you also don't want to run across the room to your best friend. Instead, make eye contact with someone near you and partner up. I also model an appropriate high-five, because some of our students can get a little rough and no one has time for stinging hands and hurt feelings from an overly aggressive high-five.
For Timed Partner Share the teacher first poses a question and students are given think time. It is very important that everyone is given this think time to form an answer before moving on. After a moment the teacher gives a directive as to which partner should answer first such as the person with the birthday closest to today, the person with the shortest hair, or the person wearing the most blue. Start the timer giving more time depending on how detailed the answer to the posed question will be. Only the assigned person may speak during this time. Switch roles when the timer goes off.
You can repeat this process as many times as you would like and ask students to work with a new partner each time.
This combined strategy is a great way to spend an extra few minutes during the first week. They are great because it requires zero prep, can be completed anywhere, and allows students to work with many partners. Have a spare couple of minutes before special? Did you arrive at lunch just a hair too soon and your table is still occupied? These are the PERFECT moments to practice!
Students are in teams, preferably of four. Give each student a certain number of pieces. I would recommend starting with two. The pieces can be anything. I have used math manipulative blocks/cubes because I already had them around. The teacher poses a question and gives all students think time. Then students are able to respond to the prompt by placing one of their pieces in the center of the table and stating their answer. They can only respond as many times as they have chips.
This cooperative learning strategy ensures equal participation among teammates and makes sure that no one is hogging all the response team as well as no one is sitting like a log just listening. Through this strategy, students are able to practice taking turns, patience, active listening, and speaking.
To extend this cooperative learning strategy the teacher can then ask random students to share something that one of their teammates said.
We have all played the game of telephone as kids. You know, where one person starts with a phrase and whispers it to the next person. As it makes its way around the group it becomes flawed and is usually unrecognizable by the time it reaches the end. Visual telephone follows these same principals, but with a visual aspect.
Students are in teams, preferably of four, and lined up facing the board. Use individual whiteboards if a large one is not available. Give the student furthest away from the board a card with a simple drawing on it such as a flower, a house, a tree, or a star. This student uses their finger to draw the image on the back of the person in front of them. Repeat this until the image reaches the students closest to the board. This student uses their drawing utensil (dry erase marker or chalk) to draw the image on the board.
The first student will reveal the original card and image once all teams are done. They will laugh at how much the image has changed when being passed through the team. The student closest to the board goes to the end of the line and the process can be repeated as many times as you would like.
When modeling this cooperative learning strategy make sure to show students your expectations for drawing on one another's backs including the correct amount of pressure and staying in the center of the back.
This activity is a great way to lead into a discussion about rumors and gossip.
Want More Cooperative Learning Activities?
Are you ready for more cooperative learning, but don't have the time to prep endless get to know you activities? Check out this set of 10 Cooperative Learning Activities for back to school that are ready to print and go!
Included are ten different activities that are perfect for back to school, but great for community building all year long! Use these activities over and over again to keep your community tight and positively interdependent!


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Top airline flying Ontario to Sūrat
Air India 6.4
Pros: "1 check in bag missed. Launched the complaint and still no use."
Cons: "Make sure no bags misssed"
Cons: "The filthiest plane I have ever been on. Never again."
Cons: "Air India will reschedule your flight and offer no customer service support. Or, actually, they will disrespect you and willfully make things harder for you if you complain or try to rectify the situation. Staff are disinvested and management are incompetent. Avoid Air India if at all possible."
Cons: "The entertainment equipment was not working. Food was never given on proper time. The crew had a attitude when asked about help with anything."
Cons: "Flight was more than an hour late, it was never explained to us why. That is not a good professional practice- this should be explained to passengers. Boarding was disorganized and seemed to take longer because people were looking for places to stow their carry ons and taking up carry on space with their jackets."
Pros: "Shorter duration and prompt departure/arrival"
Cons: "Outdated aircraft and lax crew."
Cons: "No customer service. Air hosts were doing their job as a chore, no pride in their job, did not come to support even after ringin the call light multiple times. Entertainment system was old and not working for some of us on this long 15 hour flight!"
Pros: "The staff smiled."
Cons: "Headphone jacks didn't work, my husband's tv didn't work, they kept turning entertainment off, food was awful, pre-ordered meal didn't show up on their list. Overall it was awful. entertainment Selection was mediocre at best."
Pros: "good food and support for wheelchair but have to wait longer then expected"
Pros: "Clean and comfortable travel."
Cons: "All the air hostesses had stressed out faces and no smile. A little smile would help. Appeared as if they were forced labour and not enjoying their work!!!!"
Cons: "All my check-in bags were missing and they handled the complaints really bad. The flight was delayed for 3 hours and no proper communication, very pathetic experience, none of the TV's were working fine. Would not highly recommend."
Pros: "Nothing to like about the service"
Cons: "Food and crew are good"
Pros: "The flight time"
Cons: "Air India gate in San Francisco was dirty. The aircraft looked old and was dirty. The bathrooms were dirty. The service was mediocre."
Cons: "No response in providing wheelchair assistance even though we requested via online/ calling airlines customer service/ Requesting Crew after landing."
Pros: "Flight made it 10min early than the reported time, despite the late boarding."
Cons: "No wifi. List of movies, songs and TV shows is very limited and outdated. Seat remotes have missing buttons. some of the sealed blankets (provided on seat) were very dirty, can see that someone cleaned their earwax on it. Food is mediocre. Boarding was an hour late."
Pros: "Food, convenient and very helpful"
Cons: "Delayed by 2 hours. Worse flight ever"
Pros: "Excellent courteous service, frequently serving food, nice decor"
Cons: "I did not like that during web check in it did not show me where the washrooms are located, and i ended up have seats by washroom, which ruined my trip. The seat that I had 38C made a noise as soon as someone flushed. This was annoying."
Pros: "Crew was very efficient and prompt with food service. Very attentive"
Pros: "There is nothing that anyone can like"
Cons: "Everything. Nothing in the aircraft works, like TV, chair reclining. Service is the worst possible. Air hostesses are very rude."
Cons: "Display screens didn't work properly and one had to Press on random points on the screen to get the movie screen going"
Cons: "Entertainment system was down for 90% of the passengers. The aircraft was very old and some of the seats were held together by duct tape !! The staff was polite but quite inept at hospitality. Will not be flying air India"
Cons: "Entertainment system did not work duration of the flight. Uncomfortable seats, confusing instructions for deplaning. Will travel Sir India only if I have no other option"
Cons: "They were so insistent on charging me for being 1 kilo over. Was delayed 2 hours without any explanation, and took forever to check in."
Cons: "The crew was rude and pathetic, they don't know how to talk to passengers. They are also racist. I don't know how these people have jobs on international airlines"
Pros: "Food."
Cons: "Seats can be bit more comfortable"
Cons: "TV screen was not working."
Cons: "Entertainment hard to use. Did not work well"
Pros: "Nothing literally"
Cons: "Food and customer service"
Cons: "The flight was delayed without any notice."
Cons: "The flight was cancelled. On the phone I was offered a seat for a flight 5 days later. I had to go to the airport and be in line for 4 hours to be re-booked on United the next day."
Pros: "Nothing much really other then the fact it was a direct flight"
Cons: "Everything, dirty plane, horrible food, smells, dirty bathrooms and so on...."
Cons: "Food is no good worst. And all the luggage inside got wet,all the clothes got eet."
Cons: "bad service as usual"
Pros: "Leg room, the food and the service. Highly recommend it"
Cons: "In-flight entertainment could be better."
Pros: "Only grace was the 777-800 EK was almost empty"
Cons: "Direct flight was canceled without any update, made travel on 2 hop flight making my tourney time double."
Cons: "Seats , crew and toilets"
Pros: "We were grounded in London for 4 hours with no explanation. We were not allowed to leave the plane. We were so delayed that they served us a MEAL on the ground. Even upon takeoff, no explanation was given."
Cons: "We were grounded in London for 4 hours with no explanation. We were not allowed to leave the plane. We were so delayed that they served us a MEAL on the ground. Even upon takeoff, no explanation was given."
Pros: "Crew was accommodating and efficient."
Cons: "Monitors and headsets were not working at all seats."
Cons: "I had the worst possible experience flying Air India back from Delhi to NY. I was at the Delhi airport, cleared all the different levels of security and was provided with my boarding pass. After which I went to the gate looking for a seat during which time it was announced that the flight has been delayed by a few hours. I arrived at the gate and there was no more seats left, so I decided to go sit right outside the gate as I did not want to stand for 3 hours especially since I was unwell and was taking antibiotics for my severe cold and sore throat. I sat down on a reclining chair right outside the gate during which time Air India apparently preponed the flight and apparently announced my name on the loud speaker. I say apparently because I do not know if I possibly dosed off fora few minutes or this actually happened. The reason I say this is because after I missed my flight and went to the counter, the representative and even the manager repeatedly told me that the flight was never delayed. When, with a strong voice, I told them that how can they lie about that they apologized and said yes the flight has been delayed. The fact that hey can lie to my face makes me believe that they did not even announce my name. Furthermore, after they announced my name they even had time to unload my baggage from the flight. If they had time to do all of that, they they should have continuously announced my name. I was right outside the gate, I would have heard it! After all this, they refused to put me on the next flight. They said the next one available was in 4 days and would cost me $1,100! I had to run around at 3am in the airport trying to figure out how to get back home while I was sick! They refused to help me in any way. DO NOT FLY AIR INDIA, THEY DO NOT CARE ABOUT THEIR CUSTOMERS!! How can you leave a passenger who has a stamped boarding pass and is sitting right outside the allotted gate! Did they expect me to stand outside the gate for 3 hours at 1am if their were no seats available there!"
Pros: "Food and respect for passengers"
Cons: "It was all fine"
Pros: "Boarding, Service was very smooth. Departure and arrival was on time"
Cons: "Food was decent."
Cons: "Old and poorly maintained plane with half of the touch screen entertainment systems not working on the flight between Mumbai to Newark. Call buttons for calling the cabin crew did not work. Remote controls did not work. The seats are all broken and cracked at different places. Poor attention by staff. There was also a delay in our flight of which even the pilot was not made aware of by the maintenance team until the last moment. Poor and failing company. Would never fly with them again."
Pros: "Overall it was good. Cabin crew, punctuality."
Cons: "You did not offer the 50% discount meant for senior citizens provided by Airindia. Pls do the needful to refund that amount to me."
Pros: "Flight was as expected. On time, and no issues encountered."
Cons: "Passengers with a lack of understanding of hygienic principles. I mean come on people, quit coughing and sneezing out into the open air. Air India hosts and hostesses definitely earned my sympathies that day."
Pros: "The staff try to be helpful."
Cons: "Horrible state of planes. My entertainment system didn't work and when I complained to the staff I was told that it was all fixed. This was a total lie. I had no entertainment system or even a working reading light for a 14 and a half hour flight from Delhi to Chicago. Some of the bathrooms were closed because they were "defective". Overall, Air India is going from bad to worse and, unless the guaranteed jobs are taken away, things won't improve."
Cons: "The TV on my seat was not working"
Read more about Air India
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Why not learn something new on the stag party. In Leeds' indoor snow slope you can choose between learning Skiing or Snowboarding. You never know, this could lead to the next stag party being on the real slopes of the Alps.
All equipment provided in this lesson and takes place on real snow.


text:
AAA Rigid Cases
Marching Band Cases
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Mike Avenaim
Mike currently plays for Columbia records artist Emblem3. The album "Nothing to Lose" came out in July and debuted at No.1 in several countries. It has already sold over 70,000 copies. The first single "Chloe" sold 270,000 units and was in the Billboard top 30. Mike also played on this record.
Emblem3 are in the middle of heavy touring for this record. They have been going since February of this year and will finish up the tour in December. They have done GOOD MORNING AMERICA, THE VIEW and THE ARSENIO HALL SHOW all in the last couple of months. They've toured South America, Canada and the US this year and will be continuing their arena tour with Selena Gomez starting October 8th through November 27th.
Aside from Emblem3, Mike is an active session musician and records regularly for films and records from Australia/ Russia and of course the US.
Mike also endorses Ludwig/Paiste/Remo/Vater/JH Audio.
http://Mike currently plays for Columbia records artist Emblem3. The album "Nothing to Lose" came out in July and debuted at No.1 in several countries. It has already sold over 70,000 copies. The first single "Chloe" sold 270,000 units and was in the Billboard top 30. Mike also played on this record. Emblem3 are in the middle of heavy touring for this record. They have been going since February of this year and will finish up the tour in December. They have done GOOD MORNING AMERICA, THE VIEW and THE ARSENIO HALL SHOW all in the last couple of months. They've toured South America, Canada and the US this year and will be continuing their arena tour with Selena Gomez starting October 8th through November 27th. Aside from Emblem3, Mike is an active session musician and records regularly for films and records from Australia/ Russia and of course the US. Mike also endorses Ludwig/Paiste/Remo/Vater/JH Audio.
http://www.mikeavenaim.com
http://www.facebook.com/MikeAvenaimDrums
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text:
Our civil liberties are individual freedoms that place limitations on the power of government. Most of these rights are spelled out in the text of the Constitution or in its first ten amendments, the Bill of Rights, but some have developed over the years through judicial decision making.
Sometimes rights conflict, and when they do, government, guided by the Constitution and through the institutions of Congress, the executive, and the actions of citizens themselves, is called upon to resolve these conflicts.
For much our history the limitations on government outlined in the Bill of Rights applied only to Congress, meaning that while the federal government could not infringe on civil rights, state and local governments could. The passage of the Fourteenth Amendment began the process of nationalizing, or incorporating, the protections of the Bill of Rights at the State level, although not all of the Amendments have been incorporated yet.
According to the establishment and free exercise clauses of the First Amendment, citizens of the United States have the right not to be coerced to practice a religion in which they do not believe, as well as the right not to be prevented from practicing the religion they espouse. Because these rights can conflict, religious freedom has been a battleground ever since the founding of the country. The courts have played a significant role in navigating the stormy waters of religious expression since the founding.
Freedom of expression, also provided for in the First Amendment, is often considered the hallmark of our democratic government. Freedom of expression produces information about government, limits corruption, protects minorities, and helps maintain a vigorous defense of the truth. But this right may at times conflict with the preservation of social order and protection of civility, decency, and reputation. Again, it has been left to the courts to balance freedom of expression with social and moral order.
The right to bear arms, supported by the Second Amendment, has also been hotly debated—more so in recent years than in the past, as federal gun control legislation has been enacted only recently. Most often the debate over gun laws is carried out in state legislatures.
The founders believed that to limit government power, people needed to retain rights against government throughout the process of being accused, tried, and punished for criminal activities. Thus they devoted some of the text of the Constitution as well as the Bill of Rights to a variety of procedural protections, including the right to a speedy and public trial, protection from unreasonable search and seizure, and the right to legal advice.
Though the right to privacy is not mentioned in either the Constitution or the Bill of Rights—and did not even enter the American legal system until the late 1800s—it has become a fiercely debated right on a number of different levels, including reproductive rights, gay rights, and the right to die. In the absence of constitutional protection, the series of court cases on these matters determines how they are to be resolved. Many of these issues are still on shaky ground, as the states create their own legislation and the courts hand down new rulings.
Our political system is concerned with protecting individual rights, which grant freedoms and allow us to make claims on our government. But citizens are also expected to act within certain restrictions—laws and limits designed to protect the collective good. The balance between the freedom to do as we wish with the obligations to do as we should is a continuing challenge.


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Q: MongoDB C# driver type discriminators with generic class inheriting from non-generic base class I'm trying to store a list of objects of a generic class that inherits from a non-generic base class in mongodb using the official C# driver.
My code looks like this:
abstract class MyAbstractClass {}

class MyGenericClass<T>: MyAbstractClass
{
    [BsonRequired]
    public List<T> Values = new List<T>();

    public MyGenericClass(IEnumerable<T> values)
    {
        Values.AddRange(values);
    }
}

class MyContainerClass
{
    [BsonId]
    public string Id;

    [BsonRequired]
    public List<MyAbstractClass> ValueCollections = new List<MyAbstractClass>();

    public MyContainerClass()
    {
        Id = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
    }
}

When testing, I create a container object and fill it with instances of the generic class, like so:
var container = new MyContainerClass();
container.ValueCollections.Add(new MyGenericClass<string>(new[]{"foo","bar","baz"}));

When I save this to the DB, the documents added look like this:
{
"_id": "c5cf5cd1-843f-4d5d-ba8f-5859ae62fd1d",
"ValueCollections": [
    {
        "_t": "MyGenericClass`1",
        "Values": [
            "foo",
            "bar",
            "baz"
        ]
    }
]
}

The type discriminator gets type "MyGenericClass'1" instead of "MyGenericClass'1[System.String]" which means that it can't possibly deserialize this again.
Also, when trying to load these objects from the DB I get an error message: Instances of abstract classes cannot be created. But the type discriminator (if it were correct) should allow the driver to see that it should not created objects of type MyAbstractClass but of MyGenericClass
So my questions are:
1. Why do I get this error?
2. Why doesn't it serialize the discriminator correctly?
Thank you for your time.

A: Maybe it's a bit late but we were having the same issues with generic Types, they were saved as the type Name not the FullName.
We were initially using BsonSerializer.RegisterDiscriminator for all the types in our project, even making all of them generic, but after a lot of test-and-fail we ended up with the BsonClassMap
Non working approach...
      KnownPayloadTypes
            .Concat(KnownMessageTypes)
            .ConcatOne(typeof(object))
            .ConcatOne(typeof(Message))
            .ForEach(t => BsonSerializer.RegisterDiscriminator(t, t.FullName));

Working...
    private static readonly IEnumerable<Type> KnownMessageTypes = KnownPayloadTypes
        .Select(t => typeof(Message<>).MakeGenericType(t));

      KnownPayloadTypes
            .Concat(KnownMessageTypes)
            .ConcatOne(typeof(object))
            .ConcatOne(typeof(Message))
            .ForEach(t =>
            {
                var bsonClassMap = new BsonClassMap(t);
                bsonClassMap.AutoMap();
                bsonClassMap.SetDiscriminator(t.FullName);
                BsonClassMap.RegisterClassMap(bsonClassMap);
            }
            );

A: The above worked for us with a couple minor changes.  Thank you so much for your help DukeOf1Cat!  And thanks Jeff Rasmussen for helping sort this out on our end!  We finally found this after trying to create custom serializers, different RegisterClassMap lambda's and so on.
Our changes to the above solution are here.
class IRestrictionDiscriminatorConvention : IDiscriminatorConvention
{
    public string ElementName
    {
        get { return "_t"; }
    }

    public Type GetActualType(BsonReader bsonReader, Type nominalType)
    {
        //Edit: added additional check for list
        if (nominalType != typeof(IRestriction) && nominalType != typeof(List<IRestriction>))
            throw new Exception("Cannot use IRestrictionDiscriminatorConvention for type " + nominalType);

        var ret = nominalType;

        var bookmark = bsonReader.GetBookmark();
        bsonReader.ReadStartDocument();
        if (bsonReader.FindElement(ElementName))
        {
            var value = bsonReader.ReadString();

            ret = Type.GetType(value);

            if (ret == null)
                throw new Exception("Could not find type from " + value);
            //Edit: doing the checking a little different
            if (!typeof(IRestriction).IsAssignableFrom(ret) && !ret.IsSubclassOf(typeof(IRestriction)))
                throw new Exception("type is not an IRestriction");
        }

        bsonReader.ReturnToBookmark(bookmark);

        return ret;
    }

    public BsonValue GetDiscriminator(Type nominalType, Type actualType)
    {
        if (nominalType != typeof(IRestriction) && nominalType != typeof(List<IRestriction>))
            throw new Exception("Cannot use FooDiscriminator for type " + nominalType);

        /*Edit: had to change this because we were getting Unknown discriminator value
       'PackNet.Common.Interfaces.RescrictionsAndCapabilities.BasicRestriction`1[[System.String, ... */
        return actualType.AssemblyQualifiedName;
    }
}

The class we were having problems was this:
public class BasicRestriction<T> : IRestriction
{
    public T Value { get; set; }

    public BasicRestriction()
    {
    }
    public BasicRestriction(T value)
    {
        Value = value;
    }
}

And the class that contained a list of Irestrictions could never be deserialized because when it got to the list of I restrictions each had a _t discriminator value of "BasicRestriction`1" for the generic type:
public class Carton{ public List<IRestriction> Restrictions { get; set; }}

A: After some experimenting, I found out that you can write your own discriminator conventions. I can't really understand why, but the default discriminator convention seems to use the Name property of the type class, instead of the FullName, which makes it useless for generic classes.
I ended up using this code instead:
class FooDiscriminatorConvention : IDiscriminatorConvention
{
    public string ElementName
    {
        get { return "_t"; }
    }

    public Type GetActualType(MongoDB.Bson.IO.BsonReader bsonReader, Type nominalType)
    {
        if(nominalType!=typeof(MyAbstractClass))
            throw new Exception("Cannot use FooDiscriminator for type " + nominalType);

        var ret = nominalType;

        var bookmark = bsonReader.GetBookmark();
        bsonReader.ReadStartDocument();
        if (bsonReader.FindElement(ElementName))
        {
            var value = bsonReader.ReadString();

            ret = Type.GetType(value);

            if(ret==null)
                throw new Exception("Could not find type " + value);

            if(!ret.IsSubclassOf(typeof(MyAbstractClass)))
                throw new Exception("Database type does not inherit from MyAbstractClass.");
        }

        bsonReader.ReturnToBookmark(bookmark);

        return ret;
    }

    public BsonValue GetDiscriminator(Type nominalType, Type actualType)
    {
        if (nominalType != typeof(MyAbstractClass))
            throw new Exception("Cannot use FooDiscriminator for type " + nominalType);

        return actualType.FullName;
    }
}

And registering it with
BsonSerializer.RegisterDiscriminatorConvention(typeof(MyGenericClass<>), new FooDiscriminatorConvention()); //is this needed?
BsonSerializer.RegisterDiscriminatorConvention(typeof(MyAbstractClass), new FooDiscriminatorConvention());

I also had to make the base class non-abstract, to avoid the "cannot crete instances of abstract classes" error. It would be nice to be able to have an abstract base class, but since the derived class is generic I cannot use BsonKnownTypes.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


From time to time parents seek places for children in a lower or higher age group. In most cases differentiation of the curriculum and/or additional support within their age group should usually address particular issues. Parents are encouraged to discuss any concerns with the headteacher of the school.
It is important that parents who are considering applying for a year group different to that determined by date of birth talk to our school admissions team and the relevant school(s) as early as possible.


text:
Andrew Clement
HOME / Faculty & Staff / Faculty & Staff Directory / Andrew Clement
Email: andrew.clement@utoronto.ca
Professor Clement's research and teaching interests are in the social implications of information/communications technology and human-centred systems development. Recent work focusses on public information policy for guiding the development of Canada's information infrastructure, digitally mediated surveillance, internet use in everyday life, digital identity constructions, public participation in information/communication infrastructures development, and community networking. He has also written papers and co-edited books in such areas as: computer supported cooperative work; participatory design; workplace surveillance; privacy; women, work and computerization; end user computing; and the 'information society' more generally.
Research highlight: Professor Clement continues in retirement to explore the social and public policy implications of the emerging information/communication infrastructure, and is working on identity, privacy and surveillance research as well as related public education initiatives.
PhD – Computer Science – University of Toronto, 1986
MSc – Computer Science – University of British Columbia, 1973
BSc – Mathematics (Honours) – University of British Columbia, 1968
Research Description
Critical information studies
Information systems, media, and design
Social implications of information and communication technology
Human-centred systems development
Public interest information policies
Identity, privacy, and surveillance
Clement, A., Ley, D., Costantino, T., Kurtz, D., Tissenbaum, M. "PIPWatch Toolbar: Using Social Navigation to Enhance Privacy Protection and Compliance", IEEE Technology and Society Magazine, 29(1), 2010, pp. 50-57.
Clement, A. & Potter, A.B. ""Saving Toronto Hydro Telecom's One Zone project from itself: alternative models for urban public wireless infrastructure," The Journal of Community Informatics, Vol. 4 No. 1 (2008) Special Issue: Wireless Networking for Communities, Citizens and the Public Interest.
Viseu, A., Clement, A., Aspinall, J., & Kennedy, T. "The Interplay of Public and Private Spaces in Internet Access", Information, Communication & Society (iCS), Vol. 9, No. 5, October 2006, pp. 633-656.
Viseu, A., Clement, A., & Aspinall, J. "Situating Privacy Online: Complex perceptions and everyday practices", Information, Communication & Society (iCS), Vol. 7, No. 1, March 2004, pp. 92–114.
Clement, A., Costantino, T., Kurtz, D., & Tissenbaum, M. "Participatory Design and Development of Web 2.0 Sites: The case of PIPWatch – the collaborative privacy enhancing and accountability toolbar", presented at Participatory Design Conference (PDC08), Bloomington, IN, October 1-4, 2008. 10pp. (Full paper refereed)
Clement, A. & MacDonald, S. "Reflections on Participatory Design at a Community Social Services Agency: The St Chris House Learning Network", presented at Participatory Design Conference (PDC08), Bloomington, IN, October 1-4, 2008. 4pp. (Exploratory paper refereed)
Fiser, A. & Clement, A., "The K-Net Broadband Deployment Model: Enabling Canadian Aboriginal Community Control of Telecom Infrastructure Through Relationship Building and Heterogeneous Engineering", presented at IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS 08) Fredericton, NB, June 26-28, 2008. (Full paper refereed)
Clement, A., Ley, D., Costantino, T., Kurtz, D., & Tissenbaum, M. "The PIPWatch Toolbar: Combining PIPEDA, PETs and market forces through social navigation to enhance privacy protection and compliance", presented at IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS 08) Fredericton, NB, June 26-28, 2008. (Full paper refereed)
Clement, A. & Ferenbok, J. "Asymmetric Visibilities: Biometric identification and (dis)appearing face-based surveillance infrastructures", paper presented at (In)visibilities: The Politics, Practice and Experience of Surveillance in Everyday Life, University of Sheffield, April 2-3, 2008. 32pp. (Abstract refereed)
Wong, M., Powell, A. & Clement, A. "Reading Service Set Identifiers (SSIDs): Marking and Locating for Public and Private Wireless Spaces", presented at the Association of Internet Researchers (A.o.I.R.) International Conference, Internet Research 8.0, Vancouver, B.C., October 17 – 20, 2007. (Abstract refereed)
Wong, M. & Clement, A. "Sharing Wireless Internet in Urban Neighbourhoods", presented in Top Papers session of the 3rd International Conference on Communities and Technologies, Michigan State Univ., June 28-30, 2007 (Full paper refereed) (for re-publication, see above)
Middleton, C., Clement, A., Longford, G., & Potter, A., "ICT Infrastructure as Public Infrastructure: Exploring the Benefits of Public Wireless Networks", presented at the 34rd Telecommunications Policy Research Conference (TPRC) (Washington D.C.) Sept 29-30, 2006 (Abstract refereed)
Shah, S., & Clement, A. "A Participatory Design Wiki", poster presented at Participatory Design Conference PDC'06, Trento, Italy, July 27-31 2006 (Abstract refereed)
A. Clement & Boa, K. "Developing Canada's Biometric Passport: Where are Citizens in this Picture?" paper presented at Technology and Citizenship Symposium, International Conference on Technology, Knowledge, and Society, McGill University, Montreal, June 9-10, 2006. (Abstract refereed)
Fiser, A., Clement, A., & Walmark, B. "The K-Net Development Process: A Broadband Model for First Nations Community Networking". Presented at the 33rd Telecommunications Policy Research Conference (TPRC) (Washington D.C.) Sept 23-25, 2005, 58pp. http://web.si.umich.edu/tprc/papers/2005/447/K-NetTPRC05.pdf
Clement, A. and Hurrell, C. "Information/communications rights as a new environmentalism? Core environmental concepts for linking rights-oriented computerization movements." Paper presented at Remembering Rob Kling: Social Informatics Workshop, the Center for Research on Information Technology and Organizations (CRITO) at the University of California, Irvine, March 10-11, 2005. (Extended abstract refereed)
Clement, A, & Boa, K., "Should the public trust claims that National Identity Schemes can help make us terrorist attack proof?", presented at the Society for Social Studies of Science/European Association for the Study of Science and Technology (4S/EASST) conference, Paris, August 25-28, 2004. (Abstract refereed)
Clement, A., Kennedy, T., Aspinall, J., & Viseu, A., "Everyday Internet(s): Situating Internet Use and Value", presented at the Association of Internet Researchers (A.o.I.R.) International Conference, Internet Research 5.0 held in Brighton UK, Sept. 19-22, 2004. (Abstract refereed, presented by T. Kennedy)
Luke, R, Clement, A., et al. "The Promise and Perils of a Participatory Approach to Developing an Open Source Community Learning Network", Proceedings of the Participatory Design Conference (PDC04)- Artful Integration: Interweaving Media, Materials and Practices, Toronto, July 27-31, 2004, pp. 11-19.
Clement, A, et al., "CRACIN: the Canadian Research Alliance for Community Innovation and Networking", presented at the International Colloquium – Communication and Democracy: Technology and Citizen Engagement, Wednesday, Fredericton, New Brunswick, August 4 – 6, 2004. (Abstract refereed)
Luke, R. and Clement, A., "Towards an Evaluation Framework for Community Learning Networks," Paper presented at the Building & Bridging Community Networks: Knowledge, Innovation & Diversity through Communication conference held in Brighton, UK, March 31- April 2, 2004, 22 pp.
Clement, A., Boa, K., Davies, S. & Hosein, G. "Toward a National ID Card for Canada? External drivers and internal complexities" in Playing the Identity Card: Surveillance, Security and Identification in Global Perspective, Colin Bennett and David Lyon (editors), Routledge, pp. 233-250.
Clement, A. & Hurrell, C. "Information/communications rights as a new environmentalism? Core environmental concepts for linking rights-oriented computerization movements" in Computerization Movements and Technology Diffusion: From Mainframes to Ubiquitous Computing, Ken Kraemer and Margaret Elliott (editors) ASIS&T Monograph Series, Information Today, Inc., Medford, NJ, 2008, pp. 337-358.
Clement, A. & Potter, A.B. "Internet Infrastructure for All: Time for Canadian Municipalities to Step Up!" in For Sale to the Highest Bidder: Telecom Policy in Canada, edited by Marita Moll & Leslie Regan Shade (editors) Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives (CCPA) Ottawa, 2008, pp. 109-119.
Wong, M. & Clement, A. "Sharing Wireless Internet in Urban Neighbourhoods", in Steinfield, C., Pentland, B., Ackerman, M., and Contractor, N. (eds.), Communities and Technologies 2007: Proceedings of the Third Communities and Technologies Conference, Michigan State University, 2007, London: Springer, 2007, 275-294.
Clement, A., Aspinall, J., Viseu, A., & Kennedy, T., "Public access, personal privacy and media interweaving in everyday internet experiences: exploring current policy concerns via a 'neighbourhood ethnography'", in Communications in the Public Interest: – Volume II Convergence of Policy and Practice? Marita Moll & Leslie Shade (editors) Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives (CCPA) Ottawa, 2004, pp. 245-282.
Clement, A., Costantino, T., Kurtz, D., & Tissenbaum, M. "Participatory Design and Development of Web 2.0 Sites: The case of PIPWatch – the collaborative privacy enhancing and accountability toolbar", in Proceedings of the Tenth Anniversary Conference on Participatory Design 2008, Indiana University: Indianapolis, IN, 2008, 51-60.
Clement, A., de Cindio, F., Oostveen, A-M., Schuler, D., & van den Besselaar, P., (editors), Artful Integration: Interweaving Media, Materials and Practices, Proceedings of the Participatory Design Conference (PDC04) Volume I, CPSR, ACM (New York), 237 pp.
Bond, A., Clement, A., de Cindio, F., Schuler, D., & van den Besselaar, P., (editors), Artful Integration: Interweaving Media, Materials and Practices, Proceedings of the Participatory Design Conference (PDC04) Volume II, CPSR (Palo Alto), 218 pp.
Clement, A., "I am a rightful person! Protecting personal identity in the face of pervasive surveillance" presented in the research paper panel session "In The Eye Of The Beholder: Surveillance And The Performance Of Identity" at the Society for the Social Studies of Science (4S) 2007 Annual Meeting, Montreal, October 11-3, 2007.
Clement, A., MacDonald, S., & Longford, G. "Community Networking Experiences with Government Funding Programs: Service Delivery Experimentation or Sustainable Social Innovation?" presented at the final CRACIN research workshop, Concordia University, Montreal, June 20-22, 2007.
Macdonald, S., & Clement, A., Lessons Learned in Community-based Innovation: the St. Christopher House Community Learning Network" presented at the final CRACIN research workshop, Concordia University, Montreal, June 20-22, 2007.
Fiser, A. & Clement, A., The K-Net broadband deployment model: How a flexible, open, and decentralized community-based network integrates remote and urban sectors of Ontario", presented at the final CRACIN research workshop, Concordia University, Montreal, June 20-22, 2007.
Fiser, A. and Clement, A. "The K-Net broadband deployment model: How a community-based network integrates public, private, and not-for-profit sectors to support remote and under-served communities in Ontario," research report to Ontario Ministry of Government Services, Toward a Broadband Research Agenda for Ontario, submitted May 18, 91pp.
Boa, K., Clement, A., Davies, S. & Hosein, G. "CAN-ID: Visions for Canada: Identity Policy Projections and Policy Alternatives", research report submitted to the Office of the Privacy Commission, Ottawa, March 31, 120pp.
Clement, A. & Bennett, Colin. "Enhanced driver's licence or national identity card?", Opinion section, Toronto Star, November 17, 2008. http://www.thestar.com/article/537409
Clement, A. & Potter, A.B. "Toronto's wireless network has fallen behind other cities" Opinion section, Toronto Star, March 31, 2008.
Longford, G. & Clement, A., "How Long Will Toronto's Wireless Network Be Free?" Op-ed Opinion, Toronto Star, September 7, 2006.
Ph.D. Supervision (completed):
Adam Fiser – Broadband Governance Model: How social enterprise integrated public, for-profit, and not-for-profit institutions to enable broadband community networking in Canadian Aboriginal high cost serving areas (circa 1997 to 2007)
Joseph Ferenbok – The Identity Myth: Constructing the Face in Technologies of Citizenship
Martin Dowding – National Information Infrastructure Development in Canada and the U.S.: Re-Defining Universal Service and Universal Access in an Age of Techno-Economic Convergence
Felix Stalder – Making Money: Notes on Technology as Environment
Ph.D. Supervision (current):
Stephanie Perrin
Terry Costantino
Frank Winter – Connecting Saskatchewan: A Critical Analysis of Competing Discourses of the Knowledge-Based Economy/Society in Northern Saskatchewan
Masters thesis supervision (completed):
Bruce Harpham – The Role of Civil Society Orgainizations in the Net Neutrality Debate in Canada and the United States
Matt Wong – Investigating a Cooperative Model of Household Internet Provision (completed December 2006)
Krista Boa – Smart Card, Weak Effort: Public consultation and the Ontario Smart Card Project (completed September, 2003)
Past Responsibilities
Identity Privacy and Security Institute (IPSI):
Co-founder, Management Committee member (2007-15)
Knowledge Media Design Institute (KMDI):
Acting Director (2013)
Director, Collaborative Graduate Program in Knowledge Media Design, (2001-2007)
KMDI Executive Committee
KMDI Steering Committee
FI Life and Times Committee (2004-06; co-Chair 2004)
FI Appointments Committee (2004-06; chair, IS++ subcommittee, 2005, Communication, 2011)
FI Promotions Committee (2001-15)


Discussion in 'The Watering Hole' started by Herman, May 5, 2011.
Wow, he'll be back again soon!
Hello my old friend, it's wonderful to hear from you. I am very happy to be nearing completion of my current project, which has gone extremely well. I will be back home (and active again on-line) from the end of this month.
You are welcome to pass my thanks best wishes to all of my friends on line... I will be back as soon as possible, but I have to remain focused to the completion of this work.
Now that is good news, Herman !
Hi Raf, nice to meet you again! How's weather in Belgium, are you still in 3D "business".
Next week I will have a look at 3D passive tellies from LG.
I have pre-ordered a Bloggie 3D, still waiting to arrive.
How's it going mate. Do you still use your wife's red G1?
It's good to here about Brian. Good onya for catching up with him.
Hi Icon, I'm fine thanks. Yip, I'm still using my wife's red G1.
I did not expect that you would remember.
Brian made me move from dpreview to this community, then I moved to seriouscompacts myself (most of time).


text:
La Liga: Saul Niguez Moved to Chelsea because he was annoyed with Diego Simeone?
September 1, 2021 Chel Sports
Saul Niguez has opened up about his move from Atletico Madrid to Chelsea. He admitted that he was annoyed with the coach Diego Simeone for not giving the role according to the original position.
Saul Niguez is loaned to Chelsea on the deadline of the 2021 summer transfer market. Reportedly there is no permanent purchase clause, but if it is satisfactory, it is possible that the Blues will make him permanent.
In a talk session with Ibai Llanos via Twitch, Saul explained his relationship with Diego Simeone. He realized moving to Chelsea could be the best way out.
"I spoke with Diego Simeone, I said that in these three seasons I have always played in different positions. I know I owe him a debt, but it seems that he is selfish and feels he belongs to this club," said Saul Niguez.
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"I'm stuck in a position that is not ideal. The option to move to Chelsea is so I can get out of my comfort zone, a challenge that I have to take," said Saul again.
During the last 2-3 seasons at Atletico Madrid , Saul Niguez played as a defensive midfielder. In fact, according to him, he is more comfortable playing the role of a playmaker.
It's hard to leave Atletico Madrid
Saul may not stay longer at Chelsea. He loves Atletico Madrid because he has had a career since he was 13 years old.
"I have asked Simeone and Miguel Angel to return to their original position. I understand it is his decision," added Saul.
"I have been at this club since the age of 13, and moving to another club is very difficult. I am willing to improve my abilities, especially with a new role and position. So I will try that at Chelsea, that is my goal," he said again.
Completing the Squad
Chelsea do want to have a more complete and solid squad this season. Understandably, the Blues, who are also the defending champions of the Champions League, want to target other champion targets, such as the Premier League, while still trying to defend the title in Europe.
"We welcome Saul to the club and believe he completes the squad we have as we will be competing in five different competitions this season," Chelsea director Marina Granovskaia said on the club's official website.
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Cały film "Protegowana"(2021) — Ogladaj Onlne! [Lektor PL] Dubbing po Polsku
Tagged Sports
Print the highest rating, here's a review of the drama 'Revolutionary Sisters' 2021
Transfer Deadline Days with the Best Permanent Status of the Season


And yes I know the first picture is a goat (it's not one of my holiday snaps), these are the infamous curtains, not very exciting really, and no they're not mine!
Round of applause for the curtains please.
I both love and am a little disturbed by that goat!
That's going to be my background on my new work computer.
Oh how I wish I had a goat to float! Good old curtains - they deserve their 'moment' in the limelight too!


text:
It's Up to a Couple of Conquistadors
By LISA DILLMAN
PARIS —
It has turned out to be All-Armada, all the time at the French Open.
Friday's men's semifinals looked like just another training session in Barcelona, with a visitor from France being allowed to drop in for the day.
By the time the final ball was hit, Cedric Pioline's day pass expired, courtesy of 14th-seeded Alex Corretja of Spain, who defeated an exhausted Pioline, 6-3, 6-4, 6-2, in 2 hours 21 minutes.
In Sunday's final, Corretja will play his dinner buddy and training partner, 12th-seeded Carlos Moya of Spain. Moya beat his running mate and countryman, 15th-seeded Felix Mantilla, 5-7, 6-2, 6-4, 6-2, in 2 hours 42 minutes in the first semifinal, finishing with a 122-mph service winner.
There is precedent for two Spanish players meeting in the French Open final, most recently in 1994 when Sergi Bruguera beat Alberto Berasategui. King Juan Carlos of Spain was there, and he might come to Roland Garros this weekend. He was not at the semifinals.
Of the two finalists, Moya had a much tougher task Friday. He lost the first set in 47 minutes. After winning the second, Moya was in danger of dropping the third, trailing 4-1. But he turned the momentum around by winning five consecutive games, losing only five points in that stretch.
"I decided it was going to be a change, otherwise the set was for him," said Moya, who reached the 1997 Australian Open final.
"Two sets to one down, it's tough to come back. So I took a lot of risks on my forehand and everything worked out today."
Mantilla said the semifinal slipped away at that juncture too.
"Until the third set when I was leading, 4-1, I think Moya wasn't confident because I was playing better," Mantilla said. "When he won the third set, he got a lot of confidence. After that, it was difficult for me because his forehand was playing very well, and he served OK."
Corretja simply wore down Pioline on a hot, muggy day. Pioline needed intravenous treatment after his five-set quarterfinal marathon Wednesday. He said he felt somewhat slow on the court against Corretja.
"I was a little bit tired today because I played three tough matches in five sets," said Pioline, who was trying to become the first Frenchman to win here since Yannick Noah in 1983. "He played very good today. I had a lot of chances on his serve, my serve."
For Corretja, this is a career milestone. He had never gone past the quarterfinals of a Grand Slam event.
"I've been working my whole life to find a place in a final of a Grand Slam," he said. "Let's see if I can win it."
The Williams sisters did meet in a Grand Slam final, after all.
Venus Williams and Justin Gimelstob defeated Serena Williams and Luis Lobo of Argentina, 6-4, 6-4, in the mixed doubles final, rallying from a 4-1 first-set deficit.
Venus Williams and Gimelstob, having won the Australian Open mixed doubles final, are halfway to a Grand Slam. Lobo, 27, evidently approached Serena Williams about playing doubles. "He found me," Serena said.
Said Venus: "It was a tough match, we were down in the first set. It was the toughest team Justin and I had ever played, ever. So we better watch out."
Lisa Dillman
Lisa Dillman is a former sports reporter for the Los Angeles Times; she left in 2016. She has covered the Kings, the Ducks, the Clippers, professional tennis, soccer and Olympic sports at five Summer Games and two Winter Games for the newspaper since 1992.


A Sterling Silver feather charm – bohemian chic!
Our beautiful feather charm is based on a pinion – the feather essential for flight. This lovely pendant looks wonderful soaring from a long chain or worn on a leather string or ribbon. We love it paired with our other found object charms or added to one of our Charm Necklaces. This feather pendant has been crafted in Sterling Silver, and comes in polished or oxidised silver.
Part of the Nature Walk collection, this pendant is popular with both men and women. It also makes a great piece of festival jewellery to wear with flowing boho summer looks or contrasted with a leather jacket for an edgier look.
The is charm measures approximately 40mm long and 8mm wide.


text:
Q: Jquery click function does not activate toggleClass AIM:  I plan on having multiple buttons.  Each button will appear one after the other and on clicking the button it will activate a css class with an animation inside it
PROBLEM: Initially, on clicking the first button this works. However the second button requires a double click before toggling the css class.
http://jsfiddle.net/grfLdyqw/
   $("#bt,#bt2").click(function () {
        $(".box1").toggleClass("box1-change");

        $("#bt").hide();
        $("#bt2").show();
   });

On the back of some research, I found that a solution to this was to create a separate click function in jquery for each button.
NEW PROBLEM: This now allows the 2nd button to be activated on one click but now the toggleClass does not fire.
http://jsfiddle.net/afj98q8n/
    $("#bt").click(function () {
        $(".box1").toggleClass("box1-change");

        $("#bt").hide();
        $("#bt2").show();
    });

    $("#bt2").click(function () {
        $(".box1").toggleClass("box1-change");

        $("#bt2").hide();
        $("#bt3").show();
    });

As a novice, I am now uncertain as to what to try next.  Hopefully someone can advise me on a solution to this issue?
Further down the line, I plan to activate/toggle an animation on the 'buttons' using a similar method before they disappear which might complicate this further?
Thanks.
SOLVED: http://jsfiddle.net/grfLdyqw/7/

A: After you click the first button the animation class is added to your div, the first click on the second button will remove the class from the div(toggle adds a class if it's not present and removes it if it's present), so that's why you always need to click it twice
This code will automatically remove the class after the 1.5 seconds need for the animation to finish
$(document).ready(function () {
    $("#bt").show();
    $("#bt2").hide();

    $("#bt,#bt2").click(function () {
        $(".box1").toggleClass("box1-change");
        setTimeout(function () {
            $(".box1").toggleClass("box1-change");
        }, 1500);

        $("#bt").hide();
        $("#bt2").show();
    });
});

The working jsfiddle here http://jsfiddle.net/grfLdyqw/4/

A: in the second click function instead of toggle us addClass.
$(document).ready(function () {
    $("#bt").show();
    $("#bt2").hide();
    $("#bt3").hide();

    $("#bt").click(function () {
        $(".box1").toggleClass("box1-change");

        $("#bt").hide();
        $("#bt2").show();
    });

    $("#bt2").click(function () {
        $(".box1").addClass("box1-change");

        $("#bt2").hide();
        $("#bt3").show();
    });
});


Crazy Rich Asians has taken the world by storm and is breaking ground in Hollywood as the first film in 25 years to be centred around an Asian-American character.
Following the film's premiere in the USA, one mum was inspired to create a replica of lead actress Constance Wu's blue dress.
But it wasn't for herself, it was for her five-year-old daughter, and her DIY creation was for the most heartwarming reason.
Ha Truong wanted to take the opportunity to help her daughter, Olivia, to embrace her Asian heritage.
Sharing a story about Olivia on her Instagram, Ha admitted she wanted to help her little girl "see herself" and also help her peers to see her.
"When Liv was in preschool, her classmates would ask her if she's Chinese," Ha said on her Instagram. "She'd come home asking if everyone (Asian) is Chinese; she's Vietnamese and Thai.
According to Ha, when Olivia saw herself in the dress "it gave her a spark".
The Miami-based blogger also admitted how "refreshing" it was to see an Asian-American lead on the big screen.
"Being an Asian-American, oftentimes you don't 'see' that Asian part of yourself in America, and neither do your peers," the mother of two told Popsugar. "Crazy Rich Asians is proof — hope — that representation matters.


I came across an ARC of this book on display at the Simon & Schuster booth at the NCTE conference a few weeks ago. When I asked one of the reps if they had any more ARCs available to give away, she looked under a table, inside a box, and magically produced a copy of this much coveted sequel to Wither. I was so happy that I gave her a hug.
So I was sad to discover that I didn't love it nearly as much as Wither, which was such an amazing, vivid work of storytelling. The characters of Rhine and the sister wives in the first book were so real to me. They felt like people instead of characters. But for some reason, the characters in this book felt more like they were moving in slow motion rather than real time. Rhine and Gabriel didn't jump off the page the way they did in the first book, and the new, young character of Maddie was just completely out of my realm of ability to imagine. She was in the background even though she was an important character for the first half of the novel.
Fever felt more like a transitional novel, in the sense that you were waiting for something major to happen, only to realize that something major won't be till the next book.Which is not to say that nothing happens in this book. There are plenty of nail-biting moments. And yet, even with those moments, you're still waiting for that "THING" to reveal itself, which, in this book's case, doesn't happen until the very last page.
And yet, that very last page will sure make you want to read the third book. So kudos to Lauren DeStefano. I might not have loved this book as much as the first, but she succeeded in getting me to want to read (and covet) the third book.
I am in complete angst over this book! Covet is the perfect word, although I am sorry to hear it suffers from sophomore-itis. Great review!
I agree with everything Miss Remmers said. I am dying to get my hands on a copy of this book, but the sophomore slump is unfortunate. Thanks for the review!


Question: Is one allowed to soak lettuce on Shabbos to get rid of any bugs?
Answer: The Shulchan Aruch (OC 319:8) forbids soaking karshinim, grain for animals, in water on Shabbos as doing so will separate the dirt and grain which is borer. The Mishna Berura (319:29) writes that this would apply equally to washing dirty potatoes, etc.
Nonetheless, R' Moshe Feinstein (Igros Moshe OC 1:125) differentiates between soaking karshinim and rinsing fruits and vegetables. Just as one can peel onions and garlics as that is considered derech achila, the normal way of eating them, so too, it is acceptable to rinse fruit before eating them. Additionally, one can't compare dirty potatoes that everyone would wash, to fruit and vegetables that many would eat without rinsing.
Nonetheless, R' Moshe writes that while one can rinse them off under a running tap, one shouldn't soak them in a bowl of water.
R' Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (quoted in Shemiras Shabbos Kehilchasa 3:n48) also explained that there are a number of differences between soaking karshinim and rinsing fruits and vegetables.
Nonetheless, R' Shmuel Wosner (Shevet Halevi 1:52:2) and R' Yehoshua Neuwirth (Shemiras Shabbos Kehilchasa 3:21) write that if the fruit or vegetable is particularly dirty to the extent that most people wouldn't eat it, then one shouldn't wash it on Shabbos.
Regular lettuce must be soaked in soapy water and inspected in order to ensure that it is bug free. If the lettuce is dirty, one mustn't do so on Shabbos because of borer. Even clean lettuce likely has aphids and thrips which will be killed in water and so shouldn't be washed on Shabbos (Shemiras Shabbos Kehilchasa 3:36). Thus, unless one has lettuce that one knows is unlikely to be infested, one shouldn't soak it on Shabbos. One may rinse it under a tap on Shabbos, and inspect it under a light, though any small bugs should be removed with part of the leaf.
Wherever possible, lettuce should be soaked and inspected before Shabbos.