text:
Justia Patents US Patent for Paddle for playing platform tennis, paddle ball and the like Patent (Patent # 4,222,563)
Paddle for playing platform tennis, paddle ball and the like
A paddle or bat for hitting a ball has a head formed by a rigid layer, a network of open mesh strands on the layer and an elastically deflectable sheet in front of the network and forming a surface for hitting a ball. When a ball is hit, the sheet deflects through the network and engages the base layer's front surface. The contact between the parts and its location can be used to actuate a signal for indicating a score.
A paddle of the type used for playing platform tennis, paddle ball and the like, normally comprises a handle connected to a flat head for hitting the ball. This head is characteristically a piece of plywood or the like, possibly having a layer of facing material adhesively secured to the plywood. The head is rigid and solid throughout and has a characteristic feel which is considered to be desirable.
Normally the front or hitting face of the paddle head is plain. Enjoyment of the game played normally depends on the accuracy and skill with which the ball is batted back and forth. In some instances, the ball is tethered to the paddle by an elastic cord so that a single player can test his skill without having a companion.
The precision with which the ball is hit by the paddle is unknown to the player or players; only the result obtained is known for certain. The fun of play could be increased if the precision of hitting could be included into the overall scoring which has heretofore been dependent solely on the accuracy with which the ball is sent towards an opponent or back to the paddle if the elastic strand is used.
The desirability of the concept of knowing the precision with which a paddle or bat is used to hit a ball squarely and accurately has been recognized by the prior art. For example, the Miller U.S. Pat. No. 1,184,863, May 30, 1916, discloses a bat which provides a counter or score when the bat is struck fairly in the middle by a ball. However, this is done by using a plunger reciprocatively arranged in the center of the head of the paddle or bat and which interferes with usage by anyone who has become skilled in the use of the conventional solid-feeling paddle or bat used in what has become highly sophisticated gamesmanship exemplified by platform tennis in particular, but also in connection with other games using a paddle of the type having a solid relatively unyielding head as contrasted to the strings of the head of a tennis racket.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
With the above in mind, the present invention is a paddle of the type described comprising a handle connected to what can appear to be and feel like the usual or standard flat head for hitting the ball. However, the difference is that this head comprises a substantially rigid base layer, which can be made of plywood or solid wood, with its front surface covered by a network of open mesh strands over which an elastically deflectable sheet is positioned. These parts can be made in the form of a laminate tightly connected together and having the typical feel of the usual paddle flat head.
The elastically deflectable sheet should have a degree of elasticity such that any portion locally receiving a ball impact locally springs backwardly momentarily through the mesh of the network so that the back surface of this front sheet contacts the front surface of the base layer. With the network made very thin, the sheet deflection can be kept very small so the usual solid feel is obtained when hitting balls. Such contact can be used for activating a signal which can be fed to a counter or the like for keeping score, and if a means is provided for activating the signal dependent on that portion receiving the ball impact, the precise location of the impact can be included in the scoring.
Such a means is provided by making the network electrically non-conductive, the elastically flexible sheet with an electrically conductive back surface and the base layer's front surface with one or more electrically conductive portions electrically insulated from each other. In this way, one or more electric switches are provided, each being a normally open switch but momentarily closing when a ball impacts with a portion of the front or deflectable sheet, which portion registers with the conductive portion of the base layer's front surface. There can be only one conductive portion on the base layer's front surface, centrally located with respect to the paddle head's contour. Preferably there is more than one such portion, in each instance there being formed the electric switch concept, each switch being connected to operate a counter which can either register cumulatively the portions where the ball impacted, or selectively so that there is a counter as to each portion.
For example, assuming that the typical pattern of a shooter's target is adopted, the central portion could provide the highest score, a first circle around this portion a lower score, and a circle around all representing the lowest score, each portion being electrically insulated from the other. When a ball impacts any portion, there can be a momentary closing of an individual circuit providing a signal feeding, for example, a digital counter that is electrically responsive and which is preferably located in the paddle handle and visible through a window in the handle.
Because of the laminate construction, as previously indicated, all layers can be integrated together tightly to provide the feel of the conventional paddle or bat and with which both skilled and unskilled players have become familiar. Playing technique is not interfered with in any way. The rigid base layer can have its conductor portions positioned on its front surface by the printed circuit technique with these portions being of extreme thinness. The electrically non-conductive network on this can itself be of strands which are very thin, such as being fine plastic strands. The interspacing or mesh should be open enough to permit the required backward deflection of the elastically deflectable front sheet which itself can be made of relatively thin plastic, for example. The spacing between the conductive back of the deflectable front sheet and the conductive pattern on the front of the base layer can be extremely small. To accommodate backhand strokes of the paddle, the other side of the base layer can be similarly provided with the described components, in which case the base layer becomes, in effect, the paddle head core. The paddle head need be no thicker than is usual.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The presently preferred mode for carrying out this invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 shows one of the sides of the new paddle or bat;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section taken on the line II--II in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view showing the various components;
FIG. 4 is a section of the paddle head showing the operation involved when hitting a ball; and
FIGS. 5 and 6 give examples of suitable circuitry.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In FIG. 1 the new paddle is shown with its handle 1 and head 2 and having its head face or striking surface printed to indicate in this case a shooter's target pattern, it being understood from the foregoing that behind each of the patterns 3, 4 and 5 there will be the corresponding conductive portions on the face or faces of the rigid base layer or core. Any desired pattern or patterns can be used.
In the other figures, this base layer is shown at 6 with its pattern of electrically conductive printing, here using printed circuitry to provide an example, indicated at 3', 4', and 5'. The network of open mesh strands is shown at 7, and as illustrated by FIGS. 2 and 4, this is placed directly against the base layer and the printed circuit elements. The network can be adhesively fixed to these parts.
This network 7 can have various patterns but it must, of course, be made of electrically non-conductive material, such as thin strands of plastic. The network can be interwoven strands or possibly more preferably a very thin sheet of plastic provided with openings. The mesh or openings must be open enough for penetration by the elastically deflectable cover or front sheet, indicated at 8 in FIGS. 2 through 4. This front or cover sheet 8 can have an electrically conductive inner surface 9, provided in various ways. One example is to provide the sheet 8 with a very thin inner layer of foil which if adhesively secured firmly to the sheet should not fragment during playing. Possibly more preferably the inner surface of the sheet 8 can have electrically conductive material bonded to the sheet, assuming the sheet to be plastic. It is possible for the entire sheet 8 to be made of conductive material such as a thin sheet of aluminum, although for aesthetic reasons it might be more desirable to have the face or front of the sheet 8 look as it usually does.
For illustrative purposes, FIGS. 2 and 4 show an exaggerated thickness of the various parts. The advantage of this exaggeration is provided by FIG. 4 which clearly indicates how a ball B hit by the paddle head deflects the sheet 8 inwardly or backwardly so its electrically conductive inside 9, by deflection of the sheet, comes into contact with one or another of the electrically conductive portions, such as 3 in FIG. 4, to act like an electric switch. The interspacing of the strands of the electrically insulating network 7 should be proportioned to permit the required penetration of the sheet 8. The sheet deflection can be very small if the network is made very thin.
The portions 3', 4' and 5', in this case, each provide for an electric circuit for actuating a counter in the handle 1 which can be seen in FIG. 1 as visually exposed through a window W. Assuming that the conductive layer 9 is taken as electrical ground or earth, the outermost portion 5' can be connected to apparatus positioned in the handle 1 via wires 9 as indicated by FIG. 2 which illustrates the paddle as having both sides provided with the described components to accommodate backhand strokes. In the case of the portions 3 and 4, the wiring for these may be run down internally through the rigid base layer 6. An easy way to do this is, as shown by FIG. 2, by making this rigid layer from two pieces of wood or plastic, these pieces being shown at 6' and 6" in FIG. 2, the wiring being sandwiched between the pieces and the latter then rigidly laminated together by suitable adhesive to provide what is, in effect, a rigid piece of plywood or plastic. Individual circuits extend from the portions 3', 4' and 5' into the handle 1 where the visible counter is positioned.
Although any electrically actuated counter could be used, the reliability and flexibility of solid state circuitry is preferred. This can be provided in any prior art manner, examples being provided by FIGS. 5 and 6 as described below:
FIG. 5 is a circuit block diagram of a first embodiment of a circuit which can be used in the present invention. Shown are switches 101, 103 and 105 representing the inner, middle and outer areas on the paddle. The output of each switch is the input to a one-shot multi-vibrator used for the purpose of eliminating contact bounce and for pulse shaping. Thus, the output of switch 101 is the input to a one-shot multi-vibrator 107, the output of switch 103, the input to a one-shot multi-vibrator 101, and the output of switch 105 the input to a one-shot multi-vibrator 111. The one-shot multi-vibrator outputs are inputs respectively to counter and decoder modules 113, 115 and 117. Each of the modules 113, 115 and 117 is a circuit including a binary counter and binary to seven segment decoder. The outputs of the modules 113, 115 and 117 are fed to respective seven segment displays 119, 121 and 123. These displays may be conventional LED or liquid crystal displays visible through the window W. Also shown on the figure is a switch 125 for power from a battery B shown in FIG. 2 to the various circuits and to the switches 101, 103 and 105, i.e., an on-off switch. With this embodiment the display 109 will thus indicate the number of hits in the middle of the paddle, the display 121 the number of hits in an intermediate area, and the display 123 the number of hits at the outside of the paddle.
FIG. 6 illustrates a second embodiment of a circuit which can be used with the present invention. As in the embodiment of FIG. 5, switches 101, 103 and 105 are provided, as is on-off switch 125. However, in this embodiment only a single display 127 driven by a single counter and decoder 129 is provided. Counter and decoder 129 receives its input from an OR gate 131 which in turn has inputs from three AND gates 133, 135 and 137. Each AND gate has as one input the output of a clock 139. AND gate 133 receives its second input from a one-shot multi-vibrator 141 which is triggered by switch 101. AND gate 135 receives its output from a one-shot multi-vibrator 143 triggered by switch 103, and AND gate 137 receives its input from a one-shot multi-vibrator 145 triggered by a switch 105. The respective one-shot multi-vibrators 141, 143 and 145 enable their respective AND gates to permit a predetermined number of clock pulses to pass therethrough, through OR gate 131 and into the counter of module 129. The length of the output pulse of each one-shot multi-vibrator is preselected in conventional fashion, i.e., by means of an external capacitor. The one-shot multi-vibrator 141 associated with switch 101 at the center of the paddle will have the longest output pulse; for example, a pulse which will permit ten clock pulses to be gated into the counter. The one-shot multi-vibrator 143 associated with the switch 103 will have a shorter output pulse, for example, of a length to permit five pulses to be gated into the counter. Finally, a one-shot multi-vibrator 145 will have the shortest output pulse permitting, for example, only one or two pulses to be gated into the counter. Thus, in this embodiment the output of the display 127 will be an overall score with each hit weighted, hits in the center being weighted more heavily than hits towards the outside. In this manner the user can compare his scores from game to game or can compete with his opponent based upon how well he is achieving the object of hitting the higher scoring areas of the paddle's front surface.
Since the number of hits made in a given game may vary, this embodiment may also include an additional display for displaying the total number of hits. Such a display 147, fed by a counter and decoder 149, is also shown on FIG. 6. The inputs to the counter of the counter and decoder module 149 are obtained through an OR gate 151 which receives as inputs the outputs of the one-shot multi-vibrators 141, 143 and 145. With this modification, the user can then divide his total score as displayed on display 127 by the number of hits displayed on display 147 to obtain an average score. Alternatively, the system can include a digital divider for automatically dividing and displaying the average score.
1. A paddle of the type used for playing platform tennis, paddle ball and the like, and which comprises a handle connected to a flat head for hitting a ball, said head comprising a substantially rigid base layer having a front surface, a network of open mesh strands in front of said surface and connected to said layer, an elastically deflectable sheet in front of said network and connected to said layer, said sheet having a degree of elasticity such that any portion locally receiving a ball impact locally springs backwardly momentarily through the mesh of said network so that its back surface contacts said front surface, and means for activating a signal via contact between said surfaces.
2. The paddle of claim 1 in which said network is electrically non-conductive, said sheet has an electrically conductive back surface, the base layer's said front surface has at least one electrically conductive portion and forms with said conductive back surface an electric switch which is normally open and momentarily closing when a ball impacts with a portion of said sheet which registers with said conductive portion of the base layer's front surface, and an electric signal circuit activated by said momentary closing.
3. The paddle of claim 2 in which said network and sheet are tightly connected to said rigid base layer so that said head has the playing feel of a solid-headed paddle.
4. The paddle of claim 2 in which the base layer's said front surface has a plurality of said elastically conductive portions electrically insulated from each other so as to form a plurality of said electric switches with each switch having an electric signal circuit activated by momentary closing of the switch.
5. The paddle of claim 4 in which said handle has an externally visible digital counter activated by said switches.
2247501 July 1941 Jenks et al.
2736557 February 1956 Androsiglio
2784001 March 1957 Simjian
3367661 February 1968 Dean
3880427 April 1975 Bingham
4101132 July 18, 1978 Conrey et al.
489924 January 1953 CAX
2544853 April 1977 DEX
46109 February 1929 NOX
442218 January 1936 GBX
Filed: Mar 30, 1979
Date of Patent: Sep 16, 1980
Inventors: Thomas E. Heftler (New York, NY), Lois L. Weinroth (New York, NY)
Primary Examiner: Richard J. Apley
Law Firm: Kenyon & Kenyon
Application Number: 6/25,673
Current U.S. Class: 273/67R; 273/29A; Element Moved By Projectile Impact To Actuate Circuitry (273/374)
International Classification: A63B 6938;


Hello everyone! In this episode of It's all about Her, you meet Laura Waldman, she is the curator and founder of Minny & Paul. She is a smart ambitious woman entrepreneur. We learn a lot about her business and get into some great personal stories, including the staycation wedding proposal. I had a lot of fun talking with Laura! I hope you enjoy the conversation!
Hello everyone! In this episode of It's all about Her, you meet Katie Steller, she is the owner of Steller Hair Company. A little warning, Katie and I get pretty deep in this episode, so just letting you know! We also had a technical difficulty break at about 14 minutes, that was my fault, sorry. Katie was great! It is hard to believe at such a young age she has such insight into life. If I had to describe her in one word I would say "authentic". I hope you enjoy the conversation!


Some products listed on AWS Marketplace offer free trials. The free trial enables you to try-before-you-buy software. Free trials are limited to a certain amount of free usage.
Do free trials for products on AWS Marketplace cover AWS resource usage as well?
No. Free trials offered by an AWS seller on AWS Marketplace apply only to usage of the seller's software. All AWS infrastructure charges still apply.
I was using a free trial of 'X' on the AWS Marketplace and still received charges for my 'Y' instance. Why did I get charged?
When an AWS Marketplace seller offers a free trial for a product, fees related to AWS infrastructure usage are not included. Free trials cover the software fees of one instance attached to the product, not the underlying infrastructure costs.
During my free trial, I received On-Demand hourly software charges. Why did this happen and is my trial over?
You can have one active free trial for a product offered by an AWS Marketplace seller at a time. If you have two, you are charged at On-Demand pricing for the second trial. Software usage is billed by rounding up to the nearest hour. If you start and stop the software instance, you are metered and billed for an hour. If you start, stop, and then restart an instance within the same hour, the restart is metered and billed as a second hour.
I started a free trial for a product I purchased on AWS Marketplace but never used the software during the trial period. Can I restart my trial since I didn't get any use out of it?
Free trials for products offered on AWS Marketplace can't be reset. Each AWS Marketplace seller chooses their own trial period, and AWS Marketplace cannot alter the trial parameters, including resetting the trial period.
Can I run multiple instances of a software product at no charge as part of my free trial?
No. Launching multiple instances from the Your Marketplace Software page in the AWS Marketplace portal can cause charges. While utilizing free trials of a specific product, we recommend running only one instance at time, and only starting and stopping an instance once during the same hour.
How can I tell if I am using a free trial correctly?
You can view your usage in the AWS Billing and Cost Management console. Billing is recorded under the AWS Marketplace section.
If any hourly usage charges are accruing, the free trial is not correctly being utilized. When utilizing correctly, the pricing for the line items under bills for the AWS Marketplace subscription will appear as $0.00.
When does my free trial expire?
The expiration date of your free trial will be listed on the Your Marketplace Software page of the AWS Marketplace portal. Once your free trial expires, your subscription will convert to a paid subscription model.
Will I be reminded when my free trial is ending?
AWS Marketplace sends a reminder via email approximately three days prior to the expiration of your free trial.
When my trial ends, does a paid subscription automatically start?
For each product, under Pricing Information, there is information for the length of the free trial and what happens when the free trial time period ends. For products that automatically convert to a subscription plan at the end of the trial period, you must cancel your subscription to avoid charges.
I'd like to purchase an annual subscription for the product. Can I also take advantage of the free trial?
Yes, to utilize the free trial period launch the AMI under the hourly model subscription, and before your free trial expires purchase an annual subscription. On the Your Software page, you can find the list of your currently running software products and instances. Products that offer annual subscription pricing have a Buy Annual Subscription button. You do not need to restart or change the instance.
The free trial for product X says I can run one instance for 30 days. Could I run two instances for 15 days and have both instances covered by the free trial?
No. The free trial will only apply to one instance. Any additional instances will be billed.
I'd like to try product X but there are no free trials mentioned on the product page. Can I get a free trial for this product anyway?
No. Free trials are offered by the seller of the product. If the seller has a free trial offer for their product, it will be listed on the product's AWS Marketplace product page.
How does an AWS Marketplace free trial work with AWS Free Tier?
If you launch an AMI through AWS Marketplace that offers a free trial and the instance qualifies for the AWS Free Tier, there will be no AWS infrastructure or product software usage charges.
Where can I view my active subscriptions for products I am subscribed to from AWS Marketplace sellers?
You can view your active subscriptions on the Your Marketplace Software page of the AWS Marketplace portal. Free trial expiration dates will also be listed.
Can AWS customer service unsubscribe me from a free trial product?
No. However, you can cancel your subscription to software on the Your Marketplace Software page of the AWS Marketplace portal. Once you cancel, you will no longer be able to start new instances of this software, either from AWS Marketplace or the EC2 console, without resubscribing to the software.
You will need to terminate all of the instances associated with the software before canceling. You can do this by expanding the list of running instances and choosing Manage in console. Once you identify the title of the software subscription you want to cancel, choose Cancel Subscription. In the verification dialog box, confirm you would like to cancel the subscription, and then choose Yes.


For those of you that are already married but still love your wife with all of your heart. There is no finer way of expressing it than with journey diamond pendants. This is the gift that says you always have and always will cherish her, without saying a word.
There are many different styles of journey diamond pendants to choose from, but they all say the same thing, I Love You. The style of pendants is all basically the same. Starting with a small diamond, and as time in the relationship goes on, you heart has grown founder. This is the reason the diamonds get bigger and one travels down the chain.
There are those that are in the shape of a circle. These journey diamond pendants did break from tradition but the sentiment is perfect, an endless circle of love.
Personally I like the gold loops that can encircle each diamond on the pendant to represent the unbroken love, but that is my personal choice. For you and your loved one, it is up to you when you decide what sends the right message for your love with her after a life time of sharing.
Most of these pendants are on tiny chains. This is customary and inexpensive. The pendant is very valuable and expensive so if you have decided to invest in a journey diamond pendant, think about also buying a thicker chain. Not too big and thick but one that will securely stay in place no matter what physical activity she may be involved in when she decides to wear it.
The longer you and the love of your life have been together, the longer of the journey diamond pendants should be chosen to express the proper sentiment.
Let's face facts — buying a diamond engagement ring is one of the most important purchases that you will ever make. It will set the tone for your marriage, and may be more meaningful to you than the purchase of your first home. Not only that, but buying an engagement ring is a big investment. Simply put, you want the best value for your money and you need to deal with someone that you can trust.


Some of the most experienced, engaged and obsessed staff within the motorsport division decided to create a new dimension of the company – an alternative outlet for its competences and capabilities as an organisation.
CUPRA will create an even livelier range of products focusing on SEAT models. They will leverage the Volkswagen Group's powerful technological toolkit and access the huge array of possibilities it gives them, but they will also be open to cooperating with people and companies which talk the same language and share the same understanding of how to create experiences: merchandising, accessories, events and, of course, motorsport. There is no brand like this in the world today.
As CUPRA diversifies its business and develops new models that offer the perfect mix of performance, driveability and usability, the brand will leverage the existing infrastructure that SEAT benefits from, with dedicated floor space in 277 specially selected dealerships across Europe.
The start of this journey began last February with the introduction of the new Brand and its first model, the CUPRA Ateca, a high-performance SUV that marks the beginning of a new era, and the perfect car to launch the CUPRA brand into the market.
CUPRA is the definitive expression of uniqueness, sophistication and performance, and the CUPRA Ateca perfectly encapsulates the brand's values. A vehicle born from the passion of engineers and designers; it is developed for people who appreciate the purity of its execution.
The CUPRA Ateca is an SUV that marks the birth of a new brand and is the perfect launch car for the CUPRA brand; a unique model in its segment and perfectly aligned to customers' needs.
The CUPRA Ateca offers a striking exterior look, a stylish interior and accessible performance, created from a powerful engineering toolkit, incorporating the essential technological ingredients to achieve its targets, without overcomplicating or obscuring the vehicle's raison d'etre.
The beating heart and soul of the CUPRA Ateca is one of the most technologically advanced engines on the market – a turbocharged, direct-injection, four-cylinder 2-litre TSI petrol engine that produces a remarkable 300PS and 400Nm of torque. Linked to a smoother, more precise seven-speed DSG transmission and 4Drive all-wheel drive system, the CUPRA Ateca exudes confidence, coolness and self-assurance.
The CUPRA Ateca's stirring performance is matched by its arresting exterior design. At the front, the upper grille features a honeycomb effect, with the new CUPRA logo at its centre. Glossy black details are a constant feature, while at the rear four exhaust pipes sit on the edge of the rear diffuser and exclusive 19" diamond cut alloy wheels enhance the SUV's elegant appearance.
The essence of every CUPRA is its power, performance and driveability, and to meet these demands under the Ateca's bonnet is one of the most advanced four-cylinder petrol engines on the market today.
The 1,984cc direct-injection, turbocharged unit has a bore and stroke of 82.5mm and 92.8mm respectively with a compression ratio of 9.3:1 helping it to produce its impressive power output of 300PS between 5,300rpm and 6,500rpm. Add to this a huge 400Nm of torque available at a wide range of 2,000-5,200rpm and the CUPRA Ateca can reach a maximum speed of 247km/h.
And because of the CUPRA Ateca's mix of low weight, (it tips the scales at only 1,540kg w/o driver), and high output engine, the SUV can reach 100km/h from a standing start in just 5.2 seconds.
That rapid acceleration is helped by the integration of the newly developed seven-speed DSG transmission, engineered to offer a sportier feel with faster, smoother and more precise changes.The CUPRA Ateca also features a launch control function for even greater acceleration from a standing start.
Combined with the four exhausts at the rear, the CUPRA Ateca's on-road performance is matched by a powerful sound, helping to amplify the sense of drama from the driver's seat.
But developments aren't solely about absolute performance; the CUPRA Ateca also incorporates technologies to improve efficiency so that the SUV delivers as an everyday car, too.
To this end, the seven-speed gearbox has been modified to combine excellent performance with low levels of fuel consumption, while the 2.0 litre TSI engine works with a newly designed Otto Particulate Filter System to fulfil the latest emissions legislation.
These developments mean that carbon emissions for the CUPRA Ateca sit in the range of 192 g/km – 201 g/km with fuel efficiency figures of 8.5litres/100km – 8.9litres/100km on the WLTP cycle.
Controlling the output of the CUPRA Ateca's engine and turning it into usable performance relies on a chasis setup that can adapt to differing requirements.
The CUPRA Ateca benefits from an independent front suspension setup using MacPherson struts and a multilink rear, but also integrates the adaptive suspension system – Dynamic Chassis Control – to provide a setup that can be adjusted to the driver's needs, helping deliver the CUPRA Ateca's enormous performance to the tarmac.
Additionally, the CUPRA Ateca integrates the 4Drive traction system, one of the safest, most advanced integrated traction systems in the world. The all-wheel drive 4Drive technology analyses road conditions in real time, including the speed of the car, speed of each wheel, the steering wheel position, and the driving style or mode to quickly and progressively deliver power at each moment to the wheels that need it. The 4Drive system is designed to enhance the driveability of the CUPRA Ateca no matter what the conditions.
Optimised to work together with all the available driving modes, Comfort, Sport, Individual, Snow, Off-Road and, of course, the CUPRA mode.
When selecting the CUPRA mode in the Drive Profile, drivers will hear the engine react immediately with a refined yet natural sound coming from the exhaust. They will also notice the adaptive Dynamic Chassis Control setup adjust to give a sportier edge to the car. Chosing any of the other driving modes will also present a discernable change to the CUPRA Ateca's character.
With so much performance at the driver's fingertips, engineers have upgraded the CUPRA Ateca's braking system. The SUV now benefits from larger front and rear discs, at 340mm and 310mm respectively, giving greater confidence in the SUV. As an option, the Performance Pack adds 18" Brembo performance brakes in black.
Thanks to the combination of chassis technologies and a progressive steering system, the setup guarantees not only a superlative drive but an intuitive connection between vehicle and driver.
"The CUPRA Ateca is the ultimate evolution of the Ateca, combining every aspect of our design language with the dynamic credentials that a high-performance vehicle needs, from its dominant front-end design, the flow over the entire body to the highly sculpted rear end," said Alejandro Mesonero-Romanos, Director of Design.
Black brake callipers, a sporty rear bumper, the copper CUPRA logo on the boot, the four exhaust pipes on the edge of the rear diffuser and exclusive 19" diamond cut alloy wheels with the CUPRA logo underline the sportiness and elegance of this unique and dynamic SUV.
And no matter which of the six exterior body colours are used: Energy Blue, Velvet Red, Brilliant Silver, Rodium Grey, Magic Black or Nevada White, the CUPRA's high-performance credentials remain apparent.
Even before opening the door the exclusive personality of the CUPRA Ateca becomes clear as the welcome light shines the CUPRA name and logo onto the ground.
The CUPRA Ateca merges the highest levels of on-road performance with exceptional levels of infotainment and connectivity, offering the latest generation of Full Link (Apple CarPlay and AndroidAuto) and the SEAT DriveApp, as well as the most advanced digital displays in the segment.
Standard equipment in the CUPRA Ateca is biased towards three basic principles: technology, design and safety. That is why systems such as keyless entry and start, wireless charger, GSM signal booster, 360º top view camera, 8" touchscreen navigation system plus, digital cockpit, and park assist all come as standard.
The pixel-dense Digital Cockpit not only offers greater levels of functionality but allows the driver to view all information that is relevant to them, from classic analogue dials such as speedometer and tachometer to full-colour maps and navigation in a more focused way.
As well as this, its more modern and versatile functionality seamlessly integrates into the CUPRA Ateca's overall interior design. Transitions between the available information on the 133dpi, 1280 x 480 pixel TFT display are smooth, thanks to its 75Hz refresh rate.
An exclusive, sporty display within the Digital Cockpit has been specifically developed for the CUPRA Ateca, giving the rev-counter greater prominence so that it can be viewed with greater clarity, creating a greater sense of occasion.
The Digital Cockpit is augmented by the 8" touchscreen which can display every day functions such as navigation information and entertainment as well as supply important performance related information such as oil temperature and G-forces during more spirited driving.
Integrating the SEAT Full Link and DriveApp connectivity suite, the CUPRA Ateca brings a host of functionality into the high-performance SUV's cabin from customers' smartphones. Content is mirrored in the vehicle's display, giving access to apps and information, but in safe way to minimise distractions, allowing the driver to keep both eyes on the road.
CUPRA epitomises the modern-day interpretation of what a high-performance vehicle should be, and with the introduction of CUPRA Ateca, the brand has fused the elements intrinsic in this class of vehicle. The Ateca is iconic and powerful but usable and practical.
In a segment dominated by premium brands, the CUPRA Ateca will disrupt the market, offering drivers a vehicle that isn't narrowly focused on lap times but that offers true driver involvement, taking them away from the conventional, to the most contemporary vision of what performance is.
Whether it is the advanced 2.0 litre TSI engine, the low centre of gravity or the advanced chassis, the CUPRA Ateca offers one of the most dynamic driving experiences in the segment.
The striking exterior design highlights the sportiness and dynamisim of the CUPRA Ateca, projecting confidence and conviction, from the dominant grille design to the intricate rear shape.
The cabin projects a sense of a high-performance vehicle through the materials used and quality of finish as well as the inclusion of state-of-the-art technologies.
The performance-centric appearance and quality can be increased further with the optional 18" Brembo brakes in black, the Carbon Fibre exterior mirror caps. The exclusive CUPRA bucket seats will be available from late 2018.
There is no brand like CUPRA in the market today, and the Ateca represents the birth of something different, where those developing the vehicles share the same values, ambition and passion for the pinnacle of automotive performance.
The CUPRA Ateca will be introduced into the market by the end of 2018, and to mark its introduction, the first 7,000 customers will receive a limited-edition welcome gift as they help build the CUPRA tribe. Each person will be given a CUPRA Member Box made from real carbon fibre and embossed with the CUPRA logo in copper. Inside customers will find a high-quality carbon fibre CUPRA key cover and carbon fibre CUPRA bracelet. A token of appreciation and memento of CUPRA ownership.


text:
package de.bht.ema.around.services;

import de.bht.ema.around.exceptions.MediaWrapperNotFoundException;
import de.bht.ema.around.model.ChatMessage;
import de.bht.ema.around.model.User;

public interface ChatMessageService {

	ChatMessage createMessage(String messageText, Long mediaId, Long createdOn, User author) throws MediaWrapperNotFoundException;

	ChatMessage saveMessage(ChatMessage message);

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
When bad things happen in childhood, what's the toll on your health?
by University of Auckland
Poor mental health is almost three times more prevalent among people in New Zealand who experienced four or more "adverse childhood events" compared with people who experienced none, the research suggests.
The study covered eight types of childhood adversity: Emotional, physical or sexual abuse, and growing up in a household where there was violence, substance abuse, mental illness, divorce, or a household member behind bars.
"Toxic stressors in childhood can take a lifelong toll on many aspects of our health," says Associate Professor Janet Fanslow, of the School of Population Health in the Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences. "The effects ripple across society to create a huge burden on family and whānau, our health service and the economy."
Experiencing even just one type of childhood adversity—such as having a household member in jail or witnessing interpersonal violence in the home—is associated with an increased risk of poor mental health, the study suggests. Experiencing two or more is associated with higher odds of disability, and four or more with chronic physical health problems.
Increased risks of health problems such as heart disease or asthma can be linked to specific types of adverse events, according to researchers led by Dr. Ladan Hashemi, also of the School of Population Health. The scientists analyzed 2,888 responses to the 2019 New Zealand Family Violence Survey, which was carried out in Waikato, Northland, and Auckland.
The odds of heart disease rose for people who had experienced emotional or sexual abuse, witnessed interpersonal violence, or lived in a household where there was substance abuse. The odds of asthma increased for those from a household with substance abuse, mental illness or divorce.
International research shows how adversity in childhood can affect neurological and hormonal development, inflammation pathways, cognitive, social, and emotional competencies, and propensity for risky behaviors such as smoking or substance abuse.
Socio-economic factors didn't fully explain the associations in the New Zealand study.
"Policy and programs to address child poverty are important in their own right, but will not fully mitigate the effect of adverse childhood experiences," write Dr. Fanslow, Dr. Hashemi, Dr. Pauline Gulliver, and Professor Tracey McIntosh in the research paper.
About 45 percent of the people in the study reported no adverse childhood events. A majority experienced at least one, and one-in-three reported more than one.
In the study, a person's mental health was described as poor if they had been diagnosed with a long-term condition or had recently taken anti-depressants or sleeping medication.
The paper, "Exploring the health burden of cumulative and specific adverse childhood experiences in New Zealand: Results from a population-based study", was published in the journal Child Abuse & Neglect.
The findings "should provide impetus to establish widespread prevention and intervention initiatives," the academics write. "Strategies that address socioeconomic inequities are needed, but will not, of themselves, fully mitigate the consequences of adverse childhood experiences."
Majority of adults in Canada report adverse childhood experiences
More information: Ladan Hashemi et al, Exploring the health burden of cumulative and specific adverse childhood experiences in New Zealand: Results from a population-based study, Child Abuse & Neglect (2021). DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105372
Journal information: Child Abuse & Neglect
Provided by University of Auckland
Citation: When bad things happen in childhood, what's the toll on your health? (2021, November 8) retrieved 22 January 2022 from https://medicalxpress.com/news/2021-11-bad-childhood-toll-health.html
The impact of childhood trauma on performance-enhancing substance use
Childhood adversity linked to higher out-of-pocket health care costs in adulthood
Meta-analysis: 90 percent of adults who are homeless experienced childhood trauma
Exposure to childhood adversity linked to early mortality
Parents who had severe trauma, stresses in childhood more likely to have kids with behavioral health problems
How alcohol dampens response to uncertain stressors
New study highlights ways multiple disasters impact public health

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


CLEAN DESSERTS: Delicious No-Bake Vegan + Gluten-Free Cookies, Bars, Balls, and More Cookbook contains 72 recipes made with clean, real food ingredients. Available in Hardcover and Kindle edition.
CLEAN DESSERTS Cookbook is now available for Pre-Orders!
Welcome to my CLEAN DESSERTS Cookbook page!
I've been quietly working very hard over the past year to bring you this amazing cookbook which is a compilation of clean desserts – just like you'll find here on my website, and I hope you'll enjoy them as much as I do!
If you're new here (welcome!) – you'll find over 500 vegan + gluten-free recipes to choose from on my website, and a good portion of them are desserts.
In fact, I've been creating clean desserts at The Healthy Family and Home for over 7 years – it's truly my passion!
There's a total of 72 recipes, all brand-new and never published on my website with the exception of a select handful of website favorites that I wanted to include for new readers.
This cookbook will change the way you feel about desserts. You may never want to make a traditional boxed dessert or S.A.D. dessert recipe again! And why would you, once you know how to make clean desserts?
Easy substitutions – mix and match nuts, nut butters and dried fruits, etc.
Easy recipes – most with 10 minutes or less prep time!
Accessible Equipment – you only need a food processor!
6 Chapters – cookies, bars, balls, and more!
My recipes are made with clean, real food ingredients and do not include traditional S.A.D. (Standard American Diet) ingredients like: marshmallows, caramels, colored sprinkles, Jell-O, Cool-Whip, packaged/boxed cake mixes + puddings, boxed cereal, store-bought pie crusts + fillings, graham crackers, vanilla wafers, Oreo cookies, candy bars, M&M's, corn syrup, corn starch, food colorings, gelatin, protein powders, soy products, artificial sweeteners, etc.
You also will not find traditional ingredients used in S.A.D. (Standard American Diet) recipes like white flour, white sugar, canola oil or non-vegan ingredients like eggs, butter, cream cheese, yogurt, heavy cream, milk, etc.
And to make the recipes easily accessible, I made sure they could all be made with only one piece of equipment – a basic food processor! You do not need the following equipment to make the recipes in my cookbook: microwave oven, high-speed blender, mixer, ice cream maker, or dehydrator.
Who Is This CLEAN DESSERTS Cookbook For?
If you are tired of eating desserts made with S.A.D. (Standard American Diet) ingredients that make you feel heavy, lethargic, and regretful – this book is for you.
If you are vegan and trying to avoid typical soy and processed ingredients like tofu, vegan "butter", or vegan "cream cheese"; or if you are someone just trying to avoid typical dairy ingredients like butter, eggs, and milk – this book is for you.
If you are gluten-free and need recipes that are grain-free and do not contain white flour, wheat, gluten, or complicated flour combinations or stabilizers – this book is for you.
If you are health conscious and are tired of counting and eating empty calories and instead want to focus on nutrient-dense ingredients that nourish and fuel your body – this book is for you.
If you are trying to eat clean with real foods and avoid highly processed ingredients like white sugar, food coloring, preservatives, artificial flavors, etc. – this book is for you.
If you are new in the kitchen, or even an experienced foodie, and don't like complicated recipes with long ingredient lists that require expensive equipment to make – this book is for you.


Who Would be a Welcomed Addition to OutKast?
During a radio interview on The Wild 94.9 in the Bay Area, OutKast group member, Big Boi, was asked who he would add to his group and he responded with Bob Marley and John Lennon.
BET decided to make a list of who they think would be good group members to add to the Hip-Hop group.


Author: Nancy M. Joseph, M. D., Nicholas R. Ladwig, M.D., Sarah E. Umetsu, M.D., Ph.D.
Editor-in-Chief Review: Debra Zynger, M.D.
Cite this page: Joseph, NM, Ladwig, NR, Umetsu, SE. Short tandem repeat genotyping. PathologyOutlines.com website. http://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/molecularshttandreptgenotyp.html. Accessed April 18th, 2019.
Contributed by Nicholas R. Ladwig, M.D.
If short tandem repeat (STR) genotyping was performed on a dispermic (diandric triploid) partial mole, what would be the expected result when the placental tissue is compared to maternal decidua?


text: {{ displayName }}


text:
Q: nginx http to https redirection I'm having a hard time redirecting to https. www.example.net works well. however, example.com doesn't redirect to https. I've tried a lot of configuration. Below is my current one.
server {
    server_name example.net www.example.net;

    location = /favicon.ico { access_log off; log_not_found off; }
    location /static/ {
        root /path/to/static;
    }

    location / {
        include proxy_params;
        proxy_pass http://unix:/run/gunicorn.sock;
        proxy_connect_timeout 75s;
        proxy_read_timeout 300s;
        proxy_request_buffering off;
        proxy_buffering off;
    }

    listen 443 ssl; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.net/fullchain.pem; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.net/privkey.pem; # managed by Certbot
    include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-nginx.conf; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_dhparam /etc/letsencrypt/ssl-dhparams.pem; # managed by Certbot

}

server {
    if ($host = www.example.net) {
        return 301 https://www.$host$request_uri;
    } # managed by Certbot

    if ($host = example.net) {
        return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
    } # managed by Certbot

    listen 80;
    listen [::]:80;
    server_name  example.net www.example.net;
    return 404; # managed by Certbot

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


As studio bosses, directors, and actors, Jews have been heavily involved in film history and vitally involved in all aspects of film production. Yet Jewish characters have been represented onscreen in stereotypical and disturbing ways, while Jews have also helped to produce some of the most troubling stereotypes of people of color in Hollywood film history. In Hollywood's Chosen People: The Jewish Experience in American Cinema, leading scholars consider the complex relationship between Jews and the film industry, as Jews have helped to construct Hollywood's vision of the American dream and American collective identity and have in turn been shaped by those representations.
Editors Daniel Bernardi, Murray Pomerance, and Hava Tirosh-Samuelson introduce the volume with an overview of the history of Jews in American popular culture and the American film industry. Multidisciplinary contributors go on to discuss topics such as early Jewish films and directors, institutionalized anti-Semitism, Jewish identity and gossip culture, and issues of Jewish performance on film. Contributors draw on a diverse sampling of films, from representations of the Holocaust on film to screen comedy; filmmakers and writers, including David Mamet, George Cukor, Sidney Lumet, Edward Sloman, and Steven Spielberg; and stars, like Barbra Streisand, Adam Sandler, and Ben Stiller.
The Jewish experience in American cinema reveals much about the degree to which Jews have been integrated into and contribute to the making of American popular film culture. Scholars of Jewish studies, film studies, American history, and American culture as well as anyone interested in film history will find this volume fascinating reading.


To practise as a pharmacy professional in Saskatchewan, an individual must be registered and licensed with the Saskatchewan College of Pharmacy Professionals (SCPP) according to the Pharmacy and Pharmacy Disciplines Act and the SCPP Regulatory Bylaws.
While all applicants must meet the same requirements and qualifications, there are different pathways to licensure, depending on whether an applicant is a graduate not previously licensed, a pharmacist licensed in another Canadian jurisdiction, an international pharmacy professional educated/licensed outside of Canada, or a pharmacy professional resuming practice.
Any person who wishes to become a member must be a Canadian citizen or a permanent resident or be legally entitled to work in Canada.
The topics in this section apply to both pharmacists and pharmacy technicians. For information on a specific professional class, please click on either the Pharmacist or the Pharmacy Technician links on the left side.
The Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI) is an independent, not-for-profit organization that provides essential information on Canada's health systems and the health of Canadians. SCPP collects and sends required information to CIHI during the registration and renewal processes.
CIHI Website – membership renewal and collection of information for national database.
For more information about registration, membership, licence and reinstatement fees, as well as proprietary pharmacy permit fees, please review Part F of the SCPP Administrative Bylaws.
Tuesday to Thursday – 9:30 a.m. or 1:30 p.m.
To prepare for the exam, candidates should be knowledgeable and understand the application of all legislation, practice standards, guidelines and joint statements relevant to the practice of pharmacy in the province of Saskatchewan. Please read and link to the documents in this Study Guide. You are responsible to know and understand all materials. Note that the guide may be adjusted as legislation changes. Ensure you are reviewing the latest version.
You are provided two hours to complete the multiple choice exam and will receive your pass/fail result immediately after completing the exam.
Prior to completing a registration application, the candidate is responsible for obtaining acceptable malpractice insurance that meets the requirements in section 4 of Part E.9 (pharmacists) or Part F.9 (pharmacy technicians) of the SCPP Regulatory Bylaws. Malpractice insurance must be purchased separately; it is not included with registration and membership.
The effective date of that insurance must be from the date that employment begins as a Conditional Practising or Practising member and remain effective for the balance of the membership year (July 1 to June 30). Your Practicing membership will expire on the end date of your malpractice insurance if it is before July 1, 2019.
Malpractice insurance can be purchased from any insurance provider that meets the SCPP bylaws. The Pharmacy Association of Saskatchewan (PAS) , the advocacy body for pharmacists in Saskatchewan, offers malpractice insurance that meets with our bylaws and follows our licensing year.
It is your responsibility to submit an updated "FORM 1 - Certificate of Acceptable Malpractice Insurance" to SCPP prior to the date of expiry of the insurance.
The Pharmacy Examining Board of Canada (PEBC) is the national certification body for the profession of pharmacy in Canada. Its purpose is to assess qualifications for pharmacists and pharmacy technicians on behalf of participating provincial regulatory authorities such as SCPP.
Through its comprehensive certification process, PEBC ensures that pharmacists and pharmacy technicians entering the profession have the necessary knowledge, skills and abilities to safely and effectively practise pharmacy. The rigorous certification process administered by PEBC ensures the quality of pharmacists and pharmacy technicians entering practice and is a vital component in the delivery of safe and effective health care to Canadians.
For information regarding the certification process, as well as exam dates and fees, please visit the PEBC website at www.pebc.ca .
A "Pre-Registration Application" is required for all non-members such as foreign trained pharmacy graduates, members from another Canadian province or former members returning to practice (excluding new graduates from U of S) who wish to begin the process of registering with SCPP. You must complete this application as the first step in the registration process. A non-refundable fee of $200.00 plus GST is required; once we have received the completed application, we will open a file and candidates can begin sending in the required documents as outlined in the registration information on the website.
The College has developed privacy policies to comply with our ethical obligations: the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (Canada) (PIPEDA) and the Health Information Protection Act (Saskatchewan) (HIPA).


text:
coronavirus Corruption Fact Check Health Presidential Campaign
Donald Trump Jr. says covid-19 deaths are at 'almost nothing' on a day when more than 1,000 Americans died
October 30, 2020 October 30, 2020 Editor	0 Comments	BS, corruption, foxnews, trump jr., trump lies
"I went through the CDC data, because I kept hearing about new infections, but I was like, 'Why aren't they talking about this?'" Trump Jr. said. "Oh, because the number is almost nothing. Because we've gotten control of this thing, we understand how it works. They have the therapeutics to be able to deal with this."
While medical advances and less-crowded hospitals appear to have reduced the death rate from the early days of the pandemic, scientists warn it's not clear whether that's a long-term trend, The Washington Post reported. As cases surge across the U.S., fatalities are often a lagging data point for CDC researchers, and reports can be incomplete in capturing the rate in which people are actually dying from the virus and its complications.
Physicians are also fearful that the latest burst in new cases, including a record 89,940 on Thursday, will lead to a greater number of deaths in the coming weeks, according to the New York Times.
"This is still a high death rate, much higher than we see for flu or other respiratory diseases," Leora Horwitz, director of NYU Langone's Center for Healthcare Innovation & Delivery Science, told the Times of the current death rate. "I don't want to pretend this is benign."
On Thursday night, though, the president's eldest son pointed to a post from his Instagram account that he argued painted a more clear picture of the present state of a pandemic that has killed at least 228,000 people in the United States.
"If you look at my Instagram," he said, "it's gone to almost nothing."
At least 1,063 people in the U.S. died of coronavirus on Thursday, the second-highest daily total for October, and 5,668 have died in the last seven days. This week has also featured two consecutive days of more than 1,000 deaths, marking the second time that's happened in as many weeks, according to The Washington Post's coronavirus tracker.
The discussion on Fox was sparked by an earlier segment on CNN, when Sanjay Gupta advised President Trump's supporters not to attend his rallies. Gupta, the network's chief medical correspondent, reported that new coronavirus cases had increased 82 percent of the time in counties that hosted a total of 17 rallies for the president between August and September. The infection rate in those counties had also climbed at a faster clip than the overall rate for their state, CNN reported.
Gupta then noted that if anyone had been to one of Trump's outdoor rallies, which have attracted thousands of maskless supporters not adhering to social distancing, they should assume they have been exposed to the coronavirus and quarantine for 14 days.
"Don't go to these rallies," Gupta said. "Look, just about anywhere in the country now, if you go to a gathering that's several hundred people, it's without a doubt the virus is attending that rally with you."
On Fox, Ingraham said that Gupta's words, along with Minnesota's covid-19 guidelines capping the number of attendees at the president's planned Friday rally to 250 people, was "a part of a larger media effort" to discourage attendance at Trump rallies. The president himself later tweeted his displeasure over the Minnesota limitations.
"Don, is he kidding me?" Ingraham asked Trump Jr., referring to Gupta. "They are pulling out all the stops. Now the virus is attending the rally. Apparently, they're waving flags, too." She added later, "A tragedy is not a reason to take people away from their candidate." Trump Jr. scoffed at Gupta, calling him a "moron."
Trump Jr.'s claim that death rates were now at "almost nothing," captured in a clip that's now been viewed more than 2 million times as of early Friday, prompted a strong response from critics and medical experts.
Alexis C. Madrigal, a staff writer at the Atlantic, concluded that Trump Jr.'s statement "may result from a common misinterpretation of CDC provisional death counts," noting that incomplete data for recent weeks would incorrectly show deaths to be in decline.
Ashish K. Jha, a physician and the dean of the Brown University School of Public Health, suggested the claim showed a lack of empathy.
"I realize I am naive," Jha tweeted. "But I'm still shocked by the casualness by which our political and media leaders and their families dismiss the daily deaths of nearly a thousand Americans."
← Eric Holder accuses Republicans of using courts to facilitate 'cheating'
US coronavirus cases break global daily record, and experts warn it will only get worse →


text:
Rewatch Simon Katich on Lancashire Legends Brian Booth Obituary (1935-2020) Cross and Ecclestone set for New Zealand tour View all news
Liam Livingstone lights up BBL The Lancashire opener has found his groove with back-to-back half-centuries Down Under
Anderson, Buttler receive Ashes call
Lancashire Cricket Club
News From Lancashire Cricket Club
Lancashire lose Royal London Cup opener against Worcestershire
Lancashire pair picked for first Test at Edgbaston
Lancashire's James Anderson and Jos Buttler have been selected in England's squad for the first Specsavers Ashes Test match against Australia at Edgbaston.
Anderson missed the Test against Ireland this week but is making good progress from his right calf injury and is expected to be fit for the first Test.
Buttler returns to the squad after being rested for the Ireland match following his exertions in England's ICC Cricket World Cup winning campaign.
The wicket keeper yesterday signed a new three-year contract to stay at Emirates Old Trafford until at least 2022.
The match at Edgbaston begins on Thursday 1 August.
Ashes merchandise: Shop now
Get your hands on authentic merchandise for the 2019 Ashes Test from the Lancashire Cricket Official Store.
From official t-shirts, to caps and cuddly toys we have plenty of products to get you in the Ashes fever. Be a part of this iconic Test and shop now for your Ashes merchandise.


text:
MohyEldin Abd El Rahman Elzein, , (June 7, 1943 – August 6, 2007) was the head of Urology and Surgery department in Fujairah Hospital, United Arab Emirates.

Life and career
Born in Adbara Sudan in 1943, Elzein studied Medicine in  University of Khartoum and graduated with honors. His picture and credentials are still displayed in Khartoum University (Medicine). He continued his Education in the United Kingdom and got the Royal Membership of Surgery. He worked El Fasher in the Darfur region for the general hospital for free. He also opened a private clinic to help the people of El Fashir for free. The government and tribal people of El Fashir wanted to show their respect and admiration to the doctor by creating a festival that is being celebrated to this day in the honor of the doctor. By 1985 He left El Fashir and got a job in Al Fujairah, United Arab Emirates. and stayed there. There are many articles, poetry written about Elzein and his contribution to Urology and to the people of Darfur. Elzein Left behind his wife (Sameera Ramadan Hussain), four daughters (Rihab, Abeer, Jawaher, Tasneem) and three sons (Khalid, Mohamed, Salih).

References
Abbas Ali, R. (1984). Khartoum University.
University of Khartoum website
University of Khartoum Students website

Sudanese urologists
1943 births
2007 deaths
People from the Emirate of Fujairah
Sudanese surgeons
University of Khartoum alumni
20th-century surgeons

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia