text:
Are you a wargamer?
scottenkainen
Are you a wargamer? Mar 18, 2015 8:31:03 GMT -6
Post by scottenkainen on Mar 18, 2015 8:31:03 GMT -6
I try to play a wargame once a year, but I don't consider myself a wargamer.
On a related note, I was just reading Alter Ego magazine #124 here this morning and learned that Herb Trimpe, the preeminent Hulk artist of the 1970s, is a wargamer, or at least used to be a wargamer.
~Scott "-enkainen" Casper
Writing Hideouts & Hoodlums since 2008!
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dukeofchutney
Are you a wargamer? Mar 18, 2015 18:03:12 GMT -6
Post by dukeofchutney on Mar 18, 2015 18:03:12 GMT -6
I play quite a few wargames, hex and counters mostly, like the Operational Combat Series, Napoleonic 20 and Great Battles of History.
lestratesgame.blogspot.co.uk
desertscrb
Post by desertscrb on Mar 18, 2015 18:14:26 GMT -6
I consider myself a wargamer as well as an RPGer. I got into them both around the same time, mostly sci-fi like Starfleet Battles and OGRE on the wargame side. I'm still a wargamer, and I've ran an Ogre scenario and played the spaceship combat game Galactic Knights more recently than I've played D&D.
I played Warhammer and gave it up long ago, but I use the figures for Hordes of the Things, a set of generic fantasy rules from Wargames Research Group that allows you to use any minis that you want. I also play Song of Blades and Heroes, a skirmish fantasy game with a neat activation system that replaces the usual I go-you go mechcanism.
I even co-authored my own wargame, 5150: Star Navy, with Two Hour Wargames publisher Ed Teixeira. THW also has a set of fantasy rules called, appropriately enough, Two Hour Dungeon Crawl. This game (not written by me) can be played head-to-head, cooperatively on the same side, or solo.
Visit my blog: Super Galactic Dreadnought
Post by DungeonDevil on Mar 18, 2015 22:39:03 GMT -6
Mar 18, 2015 18:14:26 GMT -6 desertscrb said:
a skirmish fantasy game with a neat activation system that replaces the usual I go-you go mechcanism.
Care to describe this "activation system"?
I forgot to mention I've also got a pretty neat and simple skirmish level ruleset from WRG called Flint and Steel that has lots of room for houseruling and adapting for other purposes.
rsdean
Are you a wargamer? Mar 19, 2015 14:54:44 GMT -6 tkdco2 likes this
Post by rsdean on Mar 19, 2015 14:54:44 GMT -6
Mar 17, 2015 8:33:40 GMT -6 coffee said:
Mar 16, 2015 16:45:11 GMT -6 DungeonDevil said:
I've got a copy of the hoary, early wargaming book by Morschauser (talk about simplistic!!).
I have this book, it's a great introduction. It provides a playable game with options for more depth.
You realize you not only can, but are encouraged to, add your own rules to what Morschauser presents, right?
(I'm specifically objecting to your use of 'simplistic' here. It has a connotation of 'only for idiots', which I think is unwarranted.)
How to Play War Games in Miniature. I love that book; I didn't have it as a kid in the early '70s, but one of my friends did. My friend Ross and I use a set of rules for our 16th century games that started out as Morschauser....he doesn't seem to have them posted at the moment, but here are the battle reports, etc.:
gameofmonth.blogspot.com/search/label/16thC
sharpbrush.blogspot.com/search/label/Rough%20Wooing
Song of Blades and Heroes uses activations rolls. Each figure is assigned a Quality score ranging from 1 to 6. When it's your turn, you roll from 1 to 3 dice to activate each figure, trying roll your Quality score or higher on each die. Each success allows a figure to perform one action, like move, attack, or make a more powerful attack. When you're done, you roll activation for another of your figures until they have all moved. The catch is, if a figure rolls two failures, play passes to your opponent. So while you might have a lucky streak and get three actions for all your figures before your enemy can act, sometimes you roll two failures on your first activation, and your opponent gets to go. Sure, you can play it safe by rolling just one activation die for all your figures, but you won't be able to do very much with them.
Last Edit: Mar 19, 2015 18:12:23 GMT -6 by desertscrb: fixed typo
Post by Red Baron on Mar 19, 2015 22:05:21 GMT -6
Old hex map and chits boardgames, and countless hours of M2TW over the last decade.
Last Edit: Mar 19, 2015 22:08:12 GMT -6 by Red Baron
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Post by coffee on Mar 20, 2015 8:10:56 GMT -6
Sorry, what is "M2TW"?
droll
Post by droll on Mar 20, 2015 8:44:47 GMT -6
Google suggests Medieval II: Total War
Post by Red Baron on Mar 20, 2015 9:12:00 GMT -6
Medieval 2 Total War, PC game.
Commanding units of men around a giant field, usually with hills, trees, rivers, etc -every man of them is individually animated.
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Are you a wargamer? Mar 20, 2015 18:24:20 GMT -6 via mobile
Post by Scott Anderson on Mar 20, 2015 18:24:20 GMT -6
I like sim city build it. There's no wars in it though.
Stuyvesant University Class of 1976 - Passus sum cum ligneo cruris
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Are you a wargamer? Mar 24, 2015 9:28:09 GMT -6 kesher likes this
Introduced to D&D by a schoolmate circa 1987. Found an old box full of SPI games circa 1990.
Post by paulg on Mar 24, 2015 20:55:18 GMT -6
I hadn't played any wargames in years, until a friend roped me into trying Lion Rampant. It's a medieval skirmish game with a number of scenarios that can be completed in an hour or two. The rules are simple, but allow for some quite sharp tactical play. Very enjoyable.
Quickly, Quietly, Carefully
Very cool concept. I'd love to port something like that into any number of skirmish games, like CM, F&S or Paddy Griffith's Nappy skirmish rules. Consider these rules stolen.
The publisher, Ganesha Games, also has Napoleonics rules using the same type of system.
xerxez
Are you a wargamer? Apr 22, 2015 11:47:52 GMT -6
Post by xerxez on Apr 22, 2015 11:47:52 GMT -6
No. I'd love to be, though. Would love to be involved in something like Braunstein or early Blackmoor.
I have Chainmail rules--what doth hinder? Maybe not having a vast army of minis.
I do however have lots of little toysI've converted into gaming pieces, plastic knights and such, pieces from board games...and also paper chits from Tekumel that I constructed.
I probably have about five hundred chits. Shen and Pe Choi armies, every creature from the bestiary, Pache Lei and many others, not to mention Tsolyani, Mugulvyani, and other nations.
Maybe I should give it a try..I have thought of having copies of a giant map printed up for me and about four of my friends and doling out paper chits so we could conduct wargames and skirmishes on a very slow turn campaign. Something like Hyborea.
I would love to be more tactical minded.
We do have some elaborate man to man skirmishes at times in our D&D games, don't know if it counts but it always leaves me wanting to wargame.
jennerak.blogspot.com/
Merctime
Delving Deeper enthusiast
Are you a wargamer? May 5, 2015 18:56:23 GMT -6 via mobile tetramorph likes this
Post by Merctime on May 5, 2015 18:56:23 GMT -6
I am not, and it wasn't my introduction into D&D.
That said, I'd really like to spend some time trying it out somewhere with others who are hopefully versed in them. I should look into local cons, if there are any.
A while ago, a friend gifted me with a box of SPI's Blue & Grey. At the very least, I need to take the time to actually try it solo. I've read the rules so far; About it.
My face-to-face players don't seem to be interested so far, probably due to not having much time, as our little free time together is spent jamming our Delving Deeper/OD&D game.
But I shall press them further
Willoughby, Cleric 3, Makofan's online OD&D
"Ask not what you can do for your players, but rather what your players may do for themselves."
(Quote by Red Baron; Ruins of Murkhill forums)
barrataria
Are you a wargamer? Aug 12, 2015 19:24:01 GMT -6
Post by barrataria on Aug 12, 2015 19:24:01 GMT -6
Mar 12, 2015 20:54:31 GMT -6 @gronanofsimmerya said:
Wargaming teaches you how to play intelligently in rpgs.
And nobody is born a good tactician; it takes practice. Every loss should be looked at as a learning experience. Don't play wargames if you're not OK with the idea that you're gonna get handed your @ss in a basket. A lot.
Sorry I missed this post when it happened.
The first wargame I remember playing with a "real" gamer was SPI's (excellent) Persian Gulf. It has an interesting pre-game "diplomacy" round where the NATO and Warsaw Pact players curry favor with various factions in Iran and around the Middle East. In this particular session I was the NATO player and ended up with the Kurds, Israelis, and a handful of Iranian rebels. This was, IIRC, the equivalent of a pair of sixes in a game of draw poker. It did not end well, at all.
Also, I noted Finarvyn mentioned the Complete Wargames Handbook, I had and loved that. And the reviews of D&D were SAVAGE. Basically, "what are these nerds doing and why don't they get off our lawn?". Funny to read now, but I was amazed when I later fell into a D&D group and enjoyed the game immensely.
Good luck with your editing Gronan!
Allandaros
Are you a wargamer? Sept 7, 2015 0:17:28 GMT -6
Post by Allandaros on Sept 7, 2015 0:17:28 GMT -6
Yes, I am. Unfortunately, much of my recent experience comes from playing computer-based games against the AI, which lends itself to the temptation of reloading when things go wrong. Which, while satisfying on an immediate "I win" level, means I have less chances to grow and bounce back from crippling defeats. On the other hand, it means I can finally stick it to Ashurbanipal, that jerk.
Legacy of the Bieth - Abbasid/Almoravid North Africa, spaghetti westerns, and Roadside Picnic. (G+ Campaign Page)
Partner with the Hydra Cooperative. Hydra on RPGNow.
tkdco2
Post by tkdco2 on Sept 7, 2015 1:37:01 GMT -6
Yes, although I'm primarily a roleplayer. I haven't played too many historical games, since my group isn't too interested in them. Science fiction is the favored genre for wargames in my group.
I pray for exactly seven things: strength, intelligence, wisdom, constitution, dexterity, charisma, and more hit points.
korvin0starmast
Are you a wargamer? Feb 28, 2018 14:19:20 GMT -6
Post by korvin0starmast on Feb 28, 2018 14:19:20 GMT -6
Started in wargames with:
Me in a sand box with my older brother and arafix miniature soldiers
Avalon Hill games Waterloo, Afrika Korps, Blitzkrieg, D Day, etc. Starting about 1970.
Risk and Diplomacy starting in about 1971.
Played some Napoleonic and Rev War miniatures in 73-74, and twice did table top miniatures which, I had no idea at the time, were Chainmail. I was in HS, and the guy who ran it was a soldier who worked for a friends dad. He and his wife both liked to paint and create 25mm scale armies. (Marriage made in Heaven) He was in a campaign based on the map of Middle Earth (I had not yet read Hobbit/LOTR) and he uses pikemen and longbowmen as the basis of his army.
PRESTAGS: SPI. Sniper, Viking, Legion ... some others I don't recall. That's where I learned about Byzantine Cataphracts.
We played Sorcerer and I disliked it so much that when my friends started playing D&D I declined the first few times.
And then, D&D. A whole new ball game.
In college, micro armor and a few naval miniatures battles on the floor of a large room.
Swords and Spells battles in another large room.
I admit that I fell in love with the CPRG StarCraft when it came out.
Chess on Crack.
Last Edit: Mar 4, 2018 12:21:06 GMT -6 by korvin0starmast
LouGoncey
"Lather. Rinse. Repeat. That's my philosophy."
Are you a wargamer? Mar 8, 2018 16:50:44 GMT -6
Post by LouGoncey on Mar 8, 2018 16:50:44 GMT -6
Consider myself a hex and chit wargamer. Started with SPI and Avalon Hill, moved on to Metagaming, GDW and Victory Games and ended up buying and playing games from GMT, Revolution, Legion and The Gamers.
Last Edit: Mar 8, 2018 16:51:02 GMT -6 by LouGoncey


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text:
Q: PHP Ajax delete a record from table Some strange problem occurred. I am trying to delete a record from a table by using AJAX but whenever I click the delete button it is sending the ID of the last row in the table each time instead of that specific ID which I want to delete to my delete-process.php page. Now I checked that the PHP page and codes are just working fine. When I did console.log(dataString) I got to see that no matter which Delete button I click I get the ID of the last field only.
Code

                ID
                Name
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AJAX
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    var $submit = $(this).parent().find('.delete');
    $.confirm({
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      buttons: {
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I did not include PHP code because the error is detected in console.log(dataString) as every button clicked is sending the same ID. Please help.

A: $(".ctid") will return an array containing all of the elements with that class.
You are only interested in the sibling to the clicked button so you should use $(this).prev().
$(this) will reference the clicked button.
.prev() selects the immediately proceeding sibling.
$(".delete").click(function() {
    var dataString = {
      id: $(this).prev().val()
    };
    ...
});

A: As you are creating the table rows using loop so the class ctid is repeated. so when you are accessing this like this id: $(".ctid").val(). It will return all the elements having class ctid. So change your script like this
var dataString = {
  id: $(this).siblings('.ctid').val()
};

A: Of course it is selecting the same ctid since you don't distinguish between forms. You can distinguish like this:
var dataString = {
      id: $(this).closest('form').find('.ctid').val()
    };

"closest" navigates to the form and then find the ctid that is contained in the form.

A: When you do this:
$(".ctid").val()

Which matching element are you expecting?  The code doesn't specify, and ".ctid" matches multiple elements.  But since it can only return a single value, it's simply returning the last matching one.  Essentially, you need to specify which matching element you want.
One way to do this is by navigating the DOM from the clicked button to the nearest matching element.  Perhaps by navigating up to a single common parent element and then finding the target element therein.  Something like this:
$(this).closest("form").find(".ctid").val()

Starting from the clicked element which raised the event (this), it navigates up to the containing <form> and then searches for the matching ".ctid" within that form.  Then gets the value from only that element.

A: You can inspect to check each button value is getting unique or not
You can achieve that without using ajax use below code
 Delete

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Crate and Barrel to Develop New Facility in Romeoville
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ROMEOVILLE RECOGNIZED FOR EXCELLENCE IN FINANCIAL REPORTING
February 2016 - The Certificate of Achievement for Excellence in Financial Reporting has, once again, been awarded to the Village of Romeoville. The award was given by the Government Finance Officers Association (GFOA) to the Village of Romeoville for th...Read on...
2015 EDIE AWARD WINNER
The Illinois Chamber of Commerce has recognized Romeoville's Magid Glove and Safety for the 2015 award for economic development and job creation.
"This is the third time that a Romeoville project has received this award. We are honored that business...Read on...
ROMEOVILLE ACCEPTS 2014 AWARD FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN ILLINOIS
On June 26, 2014, Mayor Noak and representatives from Peacock Engineering accepted the 2014 Edie Award given by the Illinois Chamber of Commerce. The award recognizes significant economic development projects that included the Peacock Engineering expansio...Read on...
2009 EDIE AWARD
Kimberly-Clark received the 2009 Edie Award by the Illinois Chamber of Commerce and Illinois Economic Development Association for their 750,000-square-foot distribution center in the ProLogis Park 55 Development in Romeoville.
The Edie Awards are giv...Read on...
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Hotel Partners Offer Special Tournament Rates
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Secure, Convenient, User-Friendly Online Utility Payment System Now Available
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Make a payment by phone: Make a quick payment over the phone with a credit/debit card or eCheck by calling 1-844-535-2613...
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The Village of Romeoville, population approximately 40,000, currently seeks certified applicants for the position of Part-time Firefighter/Paramedic or Part-time Paramedic Only. Shifts are typically 0600-1800, 1800-0600. Note: This is not a full time posi...
Child Passenger Safety Request
The Romeoville Fire Department is committed to ensuring children are traveling safely within cars. We understand installing a car seat for younger children and babies can be a challenge. We have technicians available who can check to make sure a car seat ...
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The Village of Romeoville will receive $382,800 in matching grant funds from Open Space Land And Development (OSLAD) for renovations to Lake Strini.
"We are excited to provide more enhancements to this park and we are grateful to the S...
Rapper Nelly to Light Up the 4th of July at Ribfest
Romeoville residents can use their early access/discount code at ribfest.net for 72 hours starting on Friday, January 24th. Tickets for the general public go on sale January 27th. The discount code was sent with the December water bills to all Romeoville ...
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New Development Projects as of December 3, 2019
To view a PDF version of projects click HERE.To view the presentation, click HERE.
The Romeoville campus added 49,000 square feet to the campus in 2017. Important facts about Joliet Junior College: • Nation's first public community college • Enrollment has grown 45 percent in the last 10 years. • Nea...
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Lewis is a dynamic, coeducational, comprehensive, Catholic university with a richly diverse student body, including traditional-aged students and adults of all ages. Inspired by its Catholic and Lasallian heritage, Lewis University offers a values-centere...
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Daddy Daughter Matinee & Dance
Make lasting memories together as you dance the night away while enjoying an evening filled with food and drinks, dessert, and dancing. If the evening isn't enough time we also will have a matinee prior to the event to add to the fun.
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This free 12-week program allows participants to get to know the members of the Police Dept. better and to understand why Officers make the decisions they do. The first class begins on March 10, 2020, 6:30-9:30 p.m. Applications are due by February 28th.
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The Romeoville Recreation Department's Creative Play Preschool provides children with the opportunity to participate in activities which develop them socially, emotionally, and intellectually into a self-assured child.
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Winter/Spring Registration Now Open
The Recreation Department's Winter/Spring Registration is now open. Check out all the upcoming events, programs, and available services for the season. The Recreation Department offers a wide variety of programs for every age group from infants to seniors...
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Banner Program Deadline Extended
Honor a Veteran or Service Member in 2020. Purchase a banner to remember, honor, or thank a veteran in your life with a vinyl banner that will be displayed on the light poles in front of Village Hall May - Nov. Deadline has been extended through 1/31/20.
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The Romeoville Public Works Department - Water Division was recognized by the Illinois Department of Public Health for maintaining perfect water system compliance in 2018 in accordance with the Illinois Public Water Supply Regulation Act. Community Water ...


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Category «Copyright»
Pete Recommends Weekly highlights on cyber security issues, January 2, 2022
By Pete Weiss, 02 Jan 2022
Privacy and security issues impact every aspect of our lives – home, work, travel, education, health and medical records – to name but a few. On a weekly basis Pete Weiss highlights articles and information that focus on the increasingly complex and wide ranging ways technology is used to compromise and diminish our privacy and security, often without our situational awareness. Four highlights from this week: The dangers of dark data: How to manage it and mitigate the risks; US Still Lacks Federal Cyber Strategy After Decades of Attempts; The Worst Scams of 2021; and Tips for providing digital security benefits to employees.
Subjects: Comparative/Foreign Law, Congress, Copyright, Cybercrime, Cyberlaw, Cybersecurity, KM, Legal Research, Privacy, Social Media, Spyware, Technology Trends
Why Informal Information Sharing is Holding Your Organization Back
By Mary Ellen Bates, 24 Apr 2021
This article by Mary Ellen Bates is an excerpt from her recent presentation "The Strategic Value of Copyright Licensing Solutions," to which she also provides a video link. Bates discusses ways published information is being used throughout organizations that you may not have considered, and the impact on copyright compliance.
Subjects: Communications, Competitive Intelligence, Copyright, Information Management, KM, Libraries & Librarians, Technology Trends, Training
By John Mark Ockerbloom, 29 Jan 2021
John Mark Ockerbloom elucidates the significance of promoting and protecting literature, the public domain and open access to publications In the age of COVID-19.
Subjects: Copyright, Digital Archives, Education, Healthcare, KM, Libraries & Librarians
By Chris Meadows, 18 Oct 2020
Chris Meadows was Editor and Senior Staff Writer at TeleRead, a site focusing on e-book and library news. It is with sadness that I share one of his last articles – he passed away last week after a hit and run accident. Chris was an expert on all facets of digital content issues, and the son of two librarians. I have included more information in my editor's note at the end of the article. He will be missed. My deepest condolences to his family.
Subjects: Copyright, E-Books, Education, Gadgets/Gizmos, Health, Healthcare, Libraries & Librarians, Library Marketing, Library Software & Technology, Publishing & Publishers (Legal), Technology Trends
Pete Recommends Weekly highlights on cyber security issues May 24, 2020
By Pete Weiss, 24 May 2020
Privacy and security issues impact every aspect of our lives – home, work, travel, education, health and medical records – to name but a few. On a weekly basis Pete Weiss highlights articles and information that focus on the increasingly complex and wide ranging ways technology is used to compromise and diminish our privacy and security, often without our situational awareness. Four highlights from this week: Foreign Hackers Swipe Millions in Unemployment Benefits; An Apple whistleblower has publicly slammed the company, claiming it violated 'fundamental rights' after Siri recorded users' intimate moments without consent; Google censored search results after bogus copyright claims; and COVID-19 data sharing with law enforcement sparks concern.
Subjects: Competitive Intelligence, Computer Security, Copyright, Criminal Law, Cybercrime, Cyberlaw, Cybersecurity, Financial System, Health, Healthcare, Legal Research, Privacy, Social Media, Technology Trends
COVID-19, Copyright and Library Superpowers Part I
By Kyle K. Courtney, 31 Mar 2020
If you work in any of the higher ed institutions that are preparing to move online – maybe your copyright world has exploded in a range of questions on fair use, e-reserves, online access, scanning, digitization, and more! Many in the library community are working towards the best solution for students, faculty, staff, and patrons in this time of crisis. To help you navigate this process, lawyer, librarian, copyright academic Kyle K. Courtney's Two Part article offers a wealth of guidance on the legal tools libraries have for copyright as "stewards of access" in our communities. [See Part 2]
Subjects: Copyright, Education, Federal Legislative Research, Health, Law Librarians, Legal Education, Legal Research, Libraries & Librarians, Licensing, Reference Resources
COVID-19, Copyright, and Library Superpowers Part II
Subjects: Copyright, Document Delivery, Education, Health, KM, Law Librarians, Legal Education, Legislative, Licensing, Reference Resources, United States Law
If My AI Wrote this Post, Could I Own the Copyright?
By Todd A Carpenter, 29 Feb 2020
Todd A Carpenter, Executive Director of the National Information Standards Organization (NISO), discusses the factors that have brought us to an inflection point with a new technology, artificial intelligence (AI), and associated questions about the boundaries of intellectual property rights. Carpenter contends there could be profound implications for the publishing and scientific communities, which are becoming key sources of training data for artificial intelligence systems, as well as for publishers themselves, potentially becoming reliant on artificial intelligence for creation, curation and engagement of new content. In this article he reports on a forum hosted by WIPO and the Copyright Office that focused on whether copyright can apply to the works created by artificial intelligence systems.
Subjects: AI, Comparative/Foreign Law, Copyright, Intellectual Property, KM, Legal Research, Technology Trends, United States Law
The Music of the Algorithms: Tune-ing Up Creativity with Artificial Intelligence
By Alan Rothman, 20 Nov 2018
In this article, Alan Rothman engages us with significant insights into how the music business is using artificially intelligent music composers, producers and performers that challenge the boundaries of intellectual property and human versus AI musical production. Rothman offers perspective and resources that address whether the dawn of new music produced by AI is upon us, what are the consequences for the artists, the consumers, and the legal system that may be called up to deal with conflicts that will invariably arise.
Subjects: AI, Copyright, Intellectual Property
Google Books is not Alexandria redux
By Chris Meadows, 21 Apr 2017
Chris Meadows revisits a subject, Google Books, that has been the focal point of legal action, disagreement within the publishing and library communities, and basically an issue lacking closure concerning the end product. Meadows reiterates the Second Circuit finding on Google Books and fair uses in his response to the continued quest of some groups to restore the "Library of Alexandria." Please also see his related article, Oh Lord, please don't let Google Book Search be misunderstood.
Subjects: Copyright, Courts & Technology, Legal Research, Libraries & Librarians, Open Source, Supreme Court


When the sun began to rise, the man who was walking in front of us stopped, crouched, and peered into the bush attentively. We also stopped without making a noise. Suddenly the man shot his arrow and ran into the bush, emerging with a small bird in hand. The tourists who were there frenetically snapped pictures while praising this "amazing" performance of an authentic and traditional way of life.
In northern Tanzania, ethnic tourism based on the Hadza hunter-gatherer culture developed in the 1990s. The Hadza hunter-gatherers, an indigenous population numbering less than one thousand, live near Lake Eyasi. They carry out their nomadic lifeways in small settlements called 'camps', which they frequently move in accordance with the rise or fall in surrounding natural resources and which typically involve around ten households each. The Hadza have been living off the natural environment for as long as anyone can remember, and represent a vanishing form of subsistence in an era in which more and more rural people around the world are migrating to cities and megacities. This makes the Hadza an especially exotic destination for the global tourism sector.
Hunting, the most popular Hadza activity for tourists, is unique for tourism in Africa since it is completely different from sports hunting (also known as trophy hunting). In sports hunting, tourists pay a hunting tax for each animal and hunt it for sport or recreation. With the Hadza, on the other hand, tourists follow and photograph hunters while they are tracking animals with their traditional bows and arrows. Their purpose is to witness the Hadza's hunter-gathering lifestyle.
The history and current regulation of hunting in Tanzania is complex. The German colonial administration introduced the first legislative provisions to control hunting in 1891. Hunting licences were introduced during the later British colonial period. Colonial laws gave local communities hunting rights—with the exception of certain species—since meat was such a central part of the local diet. Under these hunting laws only three ethnic groups—which included the Hadza—were allowed to hunt animals that ordinarily required a licence. The provisions were aimed at maintaining the traditional hunting lifestyle of the ethnic groups.1 In 1974 the post-colonial Tanzanian government passed the Wildlife Conservation Act which restricts hunting without a licence. By paying a regulation fee, such a licence can be obtained by both residents and foreigners. With the further passing of the Tanzania Wildlife Management Authority Act in 2013, the government may declare any community a 'traditional community' for the purpose of the Act and may grant the community a licence to hunt. The Hadza have been granted this licence under the 2013 Act's provisions,2 the only ethnic group of Tanzania entitled today to hunt for their subsistence and thus a significant factor in the maintenance of their hunter-gathering culture. The case of the Hadza is therefore truly unique.
The famous tourism sites of Northern Tanzania include the Serengeti National Park and the Ngorongoro Conservation Area, both of which are World Heritage Sites. Mang'ola ward, to the east of the Hadza settlement area, provides good access from those famous reserves and is the main site of Hadza tourism (see Figure 2). Although the Datoga pastoralists—also an indigenous group from northern Tanzania—have lived in Mang'ola, for several centuries, many non-Hadza have settled in the area since the 1940s.3 Most of them are farmers from elsewhere who had come to Mang'ola to cultivate onions using irrigation. Today, many ethnic groups live around the Hadza.
Since the 1990s, foreign tourists have travelled to Mang'ola to watch birds around the lake and to see the Hadza.4 While there were few tourists in the 1990s, the numbers have increased since the 2000s.5 In 2011, the Lake Eyasi Cultural Tourism Programme (hereafter called the 'Programme'), a government-registered tourism office, was established in Mang'ola. Today, this Programme acts as a gateway for Hadza tourism and employs about fifty non-Hadza people who are registered as local tour guides.
There are about fifteen Hadza camps in Mang'ola, all of which are bush camps (see Figure 3). During my December 2012 stay in Camp A, my research site, there were around 40 Hadza locals. They often changed camps, however, and on each consecutive research visit the camp residents were different. In five research visits from 2012 to 2016, only two camp residents remained the same.
Hadza tourism follows a basic pattern. Typically, tourists arrive at Camp A by car around 6:00 a.m. They come with a local tour guide who belongs to the Programme and acts as interpreter between the Hadza and tourists. Tourists first observe the Hadza make fire with sticks, then go hunting with the men and their dogs, spending about two or three hours in the bush (Figure 1). Sometimes they accompany Hadza women gathering edible tubers. On their return from the hunting excursion tourists can try their hand using the traditional bows and arrows, observe traditional Hadza dance, and purchase handmade souvenirs. At around 10:00 a.m. they leave Camp A, some of them visiting Datoga blacksmiths who live near the Hadza settlement.
During my three-week research stay in Camp A in December 2012, forty tourist parties, consisting of around 146 persons, came from twelve countries including Tanzania. Some tourists got information about the Hadza through tourism companies in the regional capital Arusha, but many of them had learned about Hadza tourism in their home countries via internet searches and social media.
The Hadza [are] the only ethnic group of Tanzania entitled today to hunt for their subsistence... a significant factor in the maintenance of their hunter-gathering culture.
The Hadza receive two types of income from tourism, of which one is the entrance fee that amounts to about US$10 per tourist party for Camp A. Most of this money is used for purchasing maize flour for their staple food as well as beer made by agriculturalists in neighbouring districts. The second type of income is from selling handmade souvenirs such as beaded accessories and small bows and arrows. The cash generated from such sales goes directly to the Hadza person who made the souvenirs.
As Woodburn6 has noted, the foraging lifestyle of the Hadza has long been negatively impacted by the in-migration of other ethnic groups into their settlement area. Moreover, the growth of tourism in Mang'ola has had mixed effects. Tourism makes it easier to earn money and to have stable access to agricultural products such as maize flour. On the other hand, hunting for tourism does not contribute significantly to the Hadza's diet. On most excursions involving tourists, the hunt is for small animals such as birds and squirrels, hardly a major staple. They are actively hunted because doing so provides one of the few opportunities for tourists to witness traditional hunting. On rare occasions the Hadza do hunt big game such as baboons or wild pigs, but they recognize that the chances of success on these hunts are poor because of the presence of large number of other ethnic groups and their livestock in Mang'ola. The Hadza often find the steady flow of tourist arrivals to the settlement in Mang'ola tiresome, and many opt to exit. When they move to another place they engage not only in hunting and gathering but also in small-scale agriculture. When they want to earn money again, they return to Mang'ola to reengage in tourism activities. Actually, my data shows the membership of Camp A to be very flexible. This fluidity in both settlement and subsistence has implications for the Hadza's hunting sustainability as well as their environmental footprint.
In many African countries, tourism is an unstable industry. If there is too much reliance on tourism, indigenous communities' subsistence can be negatively impacted. For groups such as the Hadza this implies the need for flexibility in settlement patterns and subsistence choices (including small-scale agriculture alongside foraging and subsistence hunting). Given the pressures that have emerged in the Mang'ola due to tourism and attendant influx of other ethnic groups, the Hadza must strike a precarious balance between their own ways of life and the pressures to perform that way of life in the commodified context of the global tourist economy.
1. Majamba, H.I (2001) "Regulating the Hunting Industry in Tanzania: Reflections on the Legislative, Institutional and Policy-Making Frameworks." Lawyers' Environmental Action Team (LEAT) Research Report No. 4. Dar es Salaam: LEAT.
2. Madsen, A. (2000) The Hadzabe of Tanzania: Land and Human Rights for a Hunter-Gatherer Community. IWGIA Document No. 98. IWGIA, Copenhagen.
3. Tomikawa M. & K. Tomita 1980. "Social Growth in Mang'ola Peasant Society, Northern Tanzania." (in Japanese). In (M. Tomikawa ed.) Urban-rural Relations in Africa, pp. 227-311. Institute for the Study of Language and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University for Foreign Studies, Tokyo.
4. Blurton-Jones, N. G. (2016) Demography and Evolutionary Ecology of Hadza Hunter-Gatherers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
5. Marlowe, F. W. (2010) The Hadza: Hunter-gatherers of Tanzania. Berkeley: University of California Press.
6. Woodburn J. (1962) "The Future of the Tindiga: A Short Account of the Present Position and Possibilities for the Future of a Hunting Tribe in Tanganyika." Tanganyika Notes and Records, 59: 269-273.
Haruna Yatsuka is Associate Professor in the Department of International Relations at Nihon University in Japan.


Thank you for visiting the Vero Beach Area page. Vero Beach is one of over 30 Areas of the Order of Malta, American Association USA. Its members reside in Vero Beach, Florida.
The Order of Malta is a lay religious order of the Roman Catholic Church. Founded over 1,000 years ago, it is a Hospitaller order and the oldest order of knighthood in the world. The purpose of the Order is to promote the spiritual well-being of its members who dedicate themselves to help the sick and the poor. Knights and Dames of the Order are also charged with the responsibility to defend the Faith.
We are committed in today's world to be true to the Order's mission. Our members volunteer to care for the sick and the poor in their communities. We also support charitable projects in other areas of the United States, such as the rebuilding of hurricane-destroyed homes on the Gulf Coast. We are dedicated to the Order's annual international pilgrimage to Lourdes. In witness to the Catholic faith, we participate in a variety of special Masses and retreats throughout the year.


Source: EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL, Corrected proof. doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.06.013 Park B-D et al. Hardness evaluation of cured urea–formaldehyde resins with different formaldehyde/urea mole ratios using nanoindentation method. Eur Polym J (2013), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.06.013; 2013; 6 p.
To understand the influence of formaldehyde/urea (F/U) mole ratio on the properties of urea–formaldehyde (UF) resins, this study investigated hardness of cured UF resins with different F/U mole ratios using a nanoindentation method. The traditional Brinell hardness (HB) method was also used for comparison. The HB of cured UF resin films with different F/U mole ratios was determined after exposing the films to different post-curing temperatures. The nanoindentation method was employed for these films to measure Meyer hardness (HM) and reduced modulus (Er) which have been used to calculate the elastic modulus (Es) of cured UF resins. As the F/U mole ratio decreased, the HB decreased continuously, indicating a less rigid network structure in low F/U mole ratio UF resins. The higher the post-curing temperature, the greater the value of HB. The HM value also showed a similar trend as a function of F/U mole ratio. However, the Er and Es did not show a consistent trend as exhibited by HM and HB. Both HM and Er showed much greater variation in the coefficient of variation (COV) at lower F/U mole ratios 1.0 and 1.2, indicating a more heterogeneous composition of these resins. Linear relationships between HM and Er indicate that heterogeneity of the surface composition of samples contributes greatly to variations in the measured values. This variability is discussed in terms of crystal structures present in the cured UF resins of low F/U mole ratios.
Park, Byung-Dae; Frihart, Charles R.; Yu, Yan; Singh, Adya P. 2013. Hardness evaluation of cured urea-formaldehyde resins with different formaldehyde/urea mole ratios using nanoindentation method. European Polymer Journal Volume 49, 2013; pp. 3089-3094.


Speaking before the National Public Security Council, made up of state governors and key members of the security cabinet, as well as Congressional and civic leaders, President Peña Nieto laid out a six point plan to the nation on television and radio. He promised better government planning that would result in a reduction in violence and clear measurable results. He also committed to increase crime prevention programs and social investments to give young people alternatives to crime; to protect human rights; and improved inter-governmental coordination among federal agencies and between federal, state and municipal governments. He vowed to continue institutional strengthening and reforms such as establishing a professional career path for police, and the formation of a Gendarmerie of 10,000 to focus on areas of the country where local and state authorities have been overcome by criminal activity. Finally he committed himself to ensuring that government programs were continuously evaluated for effectiveness and adjustments made based on these evaluations.
In addition to the six points, President Peña Nieto emphasized the need for a "State" security policy that goes beyond the partisanship and political gamesmanship that have hampered security reforms and initiatives in the past. He called on all political parties to work together in an integrated fashion to support a common national policy on security that transcends the political divisions that have undermined reforms in the past.
While the President's six key points are laudable, the details associated with these priorities are subject to a great deal of debate and speculation. The much anticipated Gendarmerie is still somewhat of a mystery since it is unclear who will make up the new force and how they will fit into the overall security structure of the country. Likewise, how the government intends to reduce violence remains unclear.
Two other interesting points emerge for the United States. No specific mention was made of international security cooperation nor of the threats posed by drug trafficking or transnational organized crime. These are clearly priorities for the United States and their absence will raise concerns in some quarters. Yet, the it also reflects the fact that for Mexico the problems of violence, crime and insecurity go well beyond the narrow albeit important issue of drug trafficking and transnational crime and are really rooted in local criminal activity that tends to be more violent – such as kidnapping, extortion, and violent auto-theft.
Finally, while the announcement of this plan is an important first step for the Peña Nieto government, there are many details still to be filled in and worked out. Rather than a strategy, the six-point plan is, for now, a series of aspirations and governmental actions that, if fully implemented, can contribute to improved security for Mexico but which will also require greater focus and strategizing to effectively reduce the harms and violence the country has experienced during the past six years.
Eric L. Olson is the Associate Director of the Mexico Institute of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars.


text:
Getting Out of Town!
Getting in or out of town in the early days of Millinocket was a challenge!
The people and most of the materials that went into the building of the mill, 1898-1901, came by rail. Roads (except perhaps a few logging tote roads) were non-existent. Dorothy Laverty's book Millinocket, Magic City of Maine's Wilderness describes the coming of roads to Millinocket. Very early, the Sourdnahunk tote road, a corduroy one-track road followed Millinocket Stream to near the foot of Millinocket Lake. As camps were built, what is now known as the Lake Road began to emerge. For the building of Rip Dam in 1916, a road came in from Greenville. After the dam completion, the road crossed the dam and was joined to the Sourdnahunk tote road.
The main highway connecting Millinocket to the outside world was Rte. 157, constructed in 1901. This is the now referred to as Medway Road (no East Millinocket then). Route 11 came years later. Frank Speed, John Ward and the Chamber of Commerce took the lead and in 1934 a road to North Twin was built on company land. Some folks crossed over the dam to get to Norcross. In 1946, after a hunting trip here by Gov. Hildreth, he was taken on a ride over what then existed as a road from North Twin to Brownville and Milo. This resulted in money being appropriated for a bridge across the West Branch. The bridge opened in 1948. People refer to it as the Green Bridge. Later, in 1966, Interstate 95 was extended north and automobiles could then access it at Medway.
The train was still a preferred way of "going out of town" even in the 1950'-60's. Museum visitors have told of going to the tournament by train and often the teams, cheerleaders and band traveled by B & A. Shoppers could spend the day in Bangor or take the night train to Boston, spend the day and travel home the next night. Today, there are no passenger trains and there are still only two main routes out of town plus the secondary road (Lake Road to Rip Dam and on to Greenville). And of course, we should include the walking route, the Appalachian Trail.
*** New 2020 calendars available! The theme "Beyond the Mill" was chosen to highlight the wide reach of the Great Northern Paper Company. At the museum, Gracie's Aunt's Emporium, Steel Magnolias, and Katahdin True Value. $10.00 each, by mail add $5.00 SH.
*** At the Museum Store:
1.	"Within Katahdin's Realm, Log Drives and Sporting Camps" by Bill Geller – $30.00 ($5.00 each SH);
2.	"Logging Towboats & Boom Jumpers" by Roger Moody – $18.00 ($5 SH);
3.	"Tanglefoot," historical novel set 1920's Chesuncook Village by BW Edwards – $15.00 ($5 SH);
4.	Millinocket by David Duplisea – $20.00 ($5.00 SH);
5.	"Tales of Little Italy, Part 1," DVD, $15.00 ($4.00 each SH);
6.	"A Little Taste of History" cookbooks – $15.00 ($5.00 each SH on mail orders);
7.	Engraved pavers, $100.00 each, contact MHS for details and form.
*** Museum open Thursday, Friday, Saturday, noon – 3PM.
*** Contact me, Curator Trudy Wyman, 723-5477 or trudy18@beeline-online.net. For groups or appointments, contact the Millinocket Historical Society at P. O. Box 11, on the web at www.millinockethistoricalsociety.org or on Facebook.
A Newspaper Found


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text:
Lingvistik
Naturvetenskapens filosofi
Västerländsk filosofi: medeltiden & renässansen ca 500 - ca 1600
Inbunden (Hardback)
*Choice* Outstanding Academic Book 2007
Clarendon Press
1 table, numerous black and white illustrations, numerous line drawings
52:B&W 6.14 x 9.21in or 234 x 156mm (Royal 8vo) Case Laminate on White w/Gloss Lam
Stephen Gaukroger
The Structured Self in Hellenistic and Roman Thought
Being Baptised
Robert Bud
Cartesian Logic
The Collapse of Mechanism and the Rise of Sensibility
Descartes: An Intellectual Biography
The Trinitarian Theology of St Thomas Aquinas
Gilles Emery Op
Hanuman's Tale
Philip Lutgendorf
The Emergence of a Scientific Culture
Science and the Shaping of Modernity 1210-1685
av Stephen Gaukroger
Inbunden Engelska, 2006-12-01
Why did science emerge in the West and how did scientific values come to be regarded as the yardstick for all other forms of knowledge? Stephen Gaukroger shows that science was bitterly contested during the early modern period. It did not distance itself from religion but rather entered into an alliance with it to provide a comprehensive picture of the world - transforming not just science but also religion in the process.
De som köpt den här boken har ofta också köpt Checklist for Sustainable Landscape Management av J D Van Mansvelt (inbunden).
Fler böcker av Stephen Gaukroger
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Civilization and the Culture of Science
Objectivity: A Very Short Introduction
The Natural and the Human
Recensioner i media
Wolfgang Lefvre ISIS d Gaukroger's book is a historical reconstruction that brackets historical context (social, practical, political etc.) and offers a plethora of studies on intellectual history on a variety of subjects that deserve attention in any investigation of the emergence of the scientific culture of the West.
John Hedley Brooke British Journal for the History of Science The thesis of his substanial and impreesive book is that Christianity indeed played a major, not, as often proposed, through the dissociation of science from religious concerns, but through a reconstituted partnership between Christianity and (a reconstructed) natural philosophy...I am not aware of any other treatment of these themes that combines so magisterially a discerning account of changing boundaries between disciplines with a dispassionate analysis of the
changing relations between theology and the sciences. The result is a scholarly exploration on a grand scale.
Wolfgang Lefvre ISIS Gaukroger's book is a historical context (social, practical, political, etc.) and offers a plethora of studies in intellectual history on a variety of subjects that deserve attention in any investigation of the emergence of the scientidic culture of the West.
Michael H. Shank, Renaissance Quarterly This impressive and wide-ranging book is the first of a quintet devoted to the question: how in the (Western) world did all cognitive values come to be associated with scientific ones?... Gaukroger's grand beginning of an even grander five-volume narrative is an exceptional book. Its structure of scientific authority, as it were, is certain to stimulate long and lively discussions among academics of every stripe.
John Hedley Brooke, British Journal for the History of Science [A] substantial and impressive book...I am not aware of any other treatment of these themes that combines so magisterially a discerning account of changing boundaries between disciplines with a dispassionate analysis of the changing relations between theology and the sciences. The result is a scholarly exploration on the grand scale.
David Marshall Miller, Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews especially useful to philosophers looking for the historical context of particular arguments. Few historians have the ambition to attempt a synoptic treatment of the entire history of Western science at anything more than an introductory level. Certainly, no one has undertaken such a project in recent years, when so much has been added to the secondary literature. Gaukroger's book is a comprehensive, narrative overview of the state of the art...[this book] and its
companion volumes will fill an empty niche on scholars' bookshelves.
T. Eastman, Choice A careful reading of this outstanding treatise by Gaukroger brings to life not only 500 crucial years that yielded the emergence of science in the west, but also the religious ferment and motivations that forwarded the new scientific cult...

Stephen Gaukroger has a BA (Philosophy) from the University of London and a Ph.D (History and Philosophy of Science) from the University of Cambridge. He was Research Fellow in the Philosophy of Science, Clare Hall, Cambridge, 1977-1978; Research Fellow, Department of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Melbourne, 1978-1980. Since 1981 he has been in the Philosophy Department at the University of Sydney where he is currently Professor of History of Philosophy and History of Science.

Introduction; PART I; 1. Science and modernity; PART II; 2. From Augustinian synthesis to Aristotelian amalgam; 3. Renaissance natural philosophies; 4. The interpretation of nature and the origins of physico-theology; PART III; 5. Reconstructing natural philosophy; 6. Reconstructing the natural philosopher; 7. The aims of enquiry; PART IV; 8. Corpuscularianism and the rise of mechanism; 9. The scope of mechanism; 10. Experimental natural philosophy; 11. The quantitative transformation of natural philosophy; PART V; 12. The unity of knowledge


text:
package com.vaadin.navigator;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * An interface for handling interaction between {@link Navigator} and the
 * browser location URI or other similar view identification and bookmarking
 * system. The state is limited to a single string because in the usual cases it
 * forms a part of a URI.
 *

 * Different implementations can be created for hashbang URIs, HTML5 pushState,
 * portlet URL navigation and other similar systems.
 *

 * This interface is mostly for internal use by Navigator.
 *
 * @author Vaadin Ltd
 * @since 7.0
 */
public interface NavigationStateManager extends Serializable {
    /**
     * Returns the current navigation state including view name and any optional
     * parameters.
     *
     * @return current view and parameter string, not null
     */
    public String getState();

    /**
     * Sets the current navigation state in the location URI or similar
     * location, including view name and any optional parameters.
     *

     * This method should be only called by a Navigator.
     *
     * @param state
     *            new view and parameter string, not null
     */
    public void setState(String state);

    /**
     * Sets the Navigator used with this state manager. The state manager should
     * notify the provided navigator of user-triggered navigation state changes
     * by invoking navigator.navigateTo(getState()).
     * {@code navigator} parameter value could be null if previously set
     * navigator is destroyed.
     *

     * This method should only be called by a Navigator.
     */
    public void setNavigator(Navigator navigator);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Fixed biofilms, which are matrix-enclosed populations of organisms attached to solid surfaces, are increasingly used in environmental biotechnology processes, such as the treatment of potable water and wastewater. This thesis aims to give some insight into the dynamic modeling of biofilms and fixed biofilm reactors, with a focus on nitrifying trickling filters (NTFs) for the treatment of wastewater. However, most of the presented methods are applicable to fixed biofilm reactors in general. Some of them are also applicable to mathematically related areas, such as the modeling of porous catalytic reactors and immobilized cells. Various models are derived for different purposes and time-scales using a physically based multi-species model of biofilms, which takes into consideration the transportation phenomena inside the biofilm as well as the bacterial processes causing the population dynamics. Different operating modes of a biofilm reactor can be deduced from the origin of the dynamics. The slow dynamics are mainly caused by changes in biology, which can take days or weeks to change, and the fast dynamics are mainly caused by reactor hydraulics and transients of the dissolved components in the biofilm. The fast transients typically settle in less than a few hours after a change in operating conditions. Based on this division, simplified models and numerical solution methods are presented for (i) a steady state, (ii) a quasi-steady state, where the fast and slow modes are in steady states corresponding to two different operating conditions, (iii) fast dynamics, where the biofilm composition is constant and (iv) slow dynamics, where only the fast modes are in a steady state. A wide range of biofilm reactors can conveniently be modeled by units called continuously stirred biofilm reactors (CSBR), which are tanks with a homogeneous gas phase and bulk liquid, and a biofilm that varies with the distance from the substratum. Specifically, it is shown that the dynamics of NTFs can be modeled by cascaded CSBRs. A method to determine physically based rational transfer functions of low order, describing the fast dynamics of CSBRs, is derived. With these transfer functions an appropriate number of CSBRs, as well as other biofilm and reactor parameters, can be determined from residence time distributions. From comparisons between simulations and experiments carried out on different pilot scale NTFs, physical phenomena, such as adsorption and desorption of ammonium, denitrification, oxygen mass transfer, changes in bulk volume, are observed and quantified. Simulations of operating strategies indicate that the nitrifying capacity can be improved by regularly inversing the order of cascaded NTFs and by varying the individual flow through NTFs operating in parallel.


I've only got 3 weeks to go until departure date! Since returning from London I've been out on the bike everyday. On Saturday, I had a gym session in the morning and then in the afternoon I ventured out on a new route. Rod, from St Just Sports Centre, recommended a place called Ding Dong. Cornwall has lots of small villages with fantastic names, Badgers Cross for example! The road snaked its way though the countryside and up to Ding Dong. The views from the top of this hill were awesome. I completed the ride in 2 hours and clocked up 38km. So in 6 days I'd racked up 183km! I've got to keep this up for 4 months now! Hope my legs and hip hold up!


text:
Epilepsy and paroxysmal conditions
Èpilepsiâ i paroksizmalʹnye sostoâniâ
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EDITOR-IN-CHIEF MESSAGE
Russian League Against Epilepsy: the challenge of time
V. A. Karlov
article Editorial
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF ARTICLE
Russian League Against Epilepsy: Gagik N. Avakyan as the President of RLAE and the scientist
Interpretation of electroencephalography in infants
A. G. Koshchavtsev, S. V. Grechanyi
Aim: Based on published reports and our own observations, we aimed to assign the graphical elements of EEG into normal and abnormal groups and then identify up to five main graphic elements in each group to facilitate visual analysis and interpretation of EEG in young children.
Materials and methods. We searched for the relevant sources in the Medline and Medscape databases using the following keywords: «neonatal EEG», «neonatal seizures», «theta burst», «delta brushes», «trace discontinue», «burst-suppression», hypsarrhythmia», etc. Our own research was conducted using an Encephalan-EEGR-19/26 encephalograph equipped with children size gold cup electrodes with a diameter of 0.6 cm. Encephalograms were recorded from 10 electrodes according to the international "10-20" system.
Results and discussion. In early childhood EEGs, two large groups of EEG graphic elements can be discerned: the likely normative graphic elements and patterns of pediatric EEG (normal patterns) and the likely non-normative (abnormal) graphic elements and patterns of pediatric EEG. In the likely normative group, the main features are represented by: theta bursts, delta brushes, the "intermittent EEG curve" pattern, the occipital theta rhythm, and slow-sleep waves. In the likely non-normative group, those are: paroxysmal EEG graphic elements, asynchronous EEG patterns, spike-wave discharges, 3 Hz peak waves, hypsarrhythmia, burst-suppression pattern, rolandic occipital spikes, and a slowing rhythm pattern.
Conclusion. Along with the numerous attempts to characterize the age-dependent graphic elements at an early age, there are few reports concerning older children and adults. Here we try to overcome this discrepancy by identifying two large groups of graphic elements in EEG that are similar between infants and children of an older age. Such an approach may contribute to a better understanding of normal and pathological ontogenesis.
The effect of anxiety on the parameters of carpal tapping in patients with post-stroke epilepsy
E. A. Narodova, N. A. Shnayder, V. V. Narodova, E. E. Erahtin, D. V. Dmitrenko
Aim. To study the characteristics of carpal tapping in the normal condition and the effect of subclinical anxiety on its parameters with post-stroke epilepsy in adults.
Material and methods. We examined 140 people aged from 22 to 55 years. The total sample was divided into 3 observation groups: the first (I) group included healthy volunteers; the second (II) group included the patients with post-stroke frontal lobe epilepsy; the third (III) group included the patients with post-stroke temporal lobe epilepsy. Each group was divided into two subgroups: subgroup Ia (33 people) included healthy volunteers who did not show reliably expressed symptoms of anxiety; subgroup Ib (27 people) included healthy volunteers with subclinical anxiety; subgroup IIa (20 people) included patients with post-stroke frontal lobe epilepsy who did not show reliably expressed symptoms of anxiety; subgroup IIb (20 people) included patients with post-stroke frontal lobe epilepsy with subclinical anxiety; subgroup IIIa (19 people) included patients with post-stroke temporal lobe epilepsy who did not show reliably expressed symptoms of anxiety; subgroup IIIb (21 people) included patients with post-stroke temporal lobe epilepsy with subclinical anxiety. The parameters of carpal tapping were investigated using the modified author's program "Method of influencing an individual human rhythm through exogenous rhythmic stimulation".
Results. An acceleration of the individual rhythm was found in the presence of subclinically expressed anxiety both in healthy volunteers (from 1.13 Hz to 1.53 Hz) and in patients with post-stroke frontal lobe and temporal lobe epilepsy (from 2.07 Hz to 3, 45 Hz and from 1.83 Hz to 2.82 Hz, respectively). The rate of acceleration of the individual rhythm in patients with post-stroke frontal lobe and temporal lobe epilepsies was higher than in healthy volunteers (1.66 and 1.54 versus 1.35, respectively).
Conclusion. The effect of anxiety on the parameters of carpal tapping was greater in patients with post-stroke epilepsy compared with healthy volunteers.
MRI diagnosis of cortical dysplasia in the immature brain
M. V. Polyanskaya, A. A. Demushkina, F. A. Kostylev, F. A. Kurbanova, I. G. Vasilyev, V. A. Chadaev, N. N. Zavadenko, A. A. Alikhanov
Introduction. Cortical dysplasias (CDs) encompass a wide variety of disorders that in most cases lead to epilepsy, especially in infants and young children. MRI diagnosis of CDs is a major part of presurgical examination of pediatric patients with resistant focal epilepsy.
Aim. To identify MR markers of CD in the immature brain and develop an MRI protocol for early diagnosis of CDs.
Materials and methods. Children aged <2 y.o. (total 128) diagnosed with focal epilepsy were examined over 2017-2019. All MRI scans were performed using the GE 3 T system (General Electric, USA) in the standard MR sequences including T2WI FSE, T1 SE, FLAIR, DWI, SWAN, and FSPGR BRAVO supported with anesthesiological assistance. Аll patients were divided into 3 groups according to the degree of brain maturity; of those, 28 patients had MR signs of CD.
Results. The rate of detection of small-size cortical malformations, such as nodular heterotopies or focal cortical dysplasias was significantly higher in groups of patients whose brains (according to MR images) were at the infantile or adult phases of myelination. In children with the isointensive phase myelination, only large cortical dysplasias could be identified. In the first phase, the focal malformations had low amplitude signals in T2-weighted images and high amplitude signals in T1, unlike those in adult patients. In the isointensive phase, the quality of visualization was significantly reduced and provided poor diagnostic information.
Conclusion. The results confirm the diagnostic significance of early (before age of 5 months) MRI testing in cases with suspected CD-associated focal epilepsy. However, at the period between 5 and 12 months of age, MR imaging was ineffective for CD diagnosing. Later, in the period from 12 to 15 months, the MRI ability to identify the CDs gradually increased. We consider the standard T2 weighted images with high TR values, the most effective MR modality for diagnosing CDs in young children.
Childhood autism associated with neurological manifestations and corpus callosum hypoplasia: literature review and clinical cases
O. A. Komissarova, O. A. Milovanova, G. G. Avakyan, S. V. Bugriy
Aim. To consolidate literature data and to demonstrate rare hereditary neurogenetic syndromes with various neuropsychiatric manifestations and a corpus callosum (CC) structurally reduced in size.
Material and methods. Full text data from scholarly journals were used for the review. Mental and neurological disorders were studied in two examined patients with neurogenetic syndromes. A brain MRI showed that it was accompanied with CC hypoplasia. We conducted comprehensive analysis of anamnestic data as well as medical genetic, neurological, psychopathological, pathopsychological, laboratory, and instrumental examinations.
Results. The presented observations testified to a burdened obstetric history, dysfunctional ante-, intra-, and postnatal periods. The first patient with the Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome was diagnosed with atypical autism associated with severe mental retardation, lack of verbal means of communication, motor stereotypes, structural focal epilepsy, cerebral palsy (CP), severe systemic speech underdevelopment; the second patient with the Prader-Willi syndrome was diagnosed with organic autism associated with mild mental retardation, impaired social adaptation in combination with stereotyped actions, impaired visual-spatial coordination, and cerebral palsy. In the first case, MRI showed posterior CC hypoplasia; in the second case, MRI showed hypoplasia of the CC isthmus.
Conclusion. The level of cognitive deficit was to some extent a value associated with the thickness of the posterior CC. Apparently, a higher degree of myelination of nerve fibers contributes to a higher rate of transmission of nerve impulses along nerve fibers stimulating neurons. The results can be considered preliminary; a larger study is needed.
Helsmoortel-van der Aa syndrome syndrome in a patient with epilepsy, developmental delay, intellectual disability, and autism spectrum disorder
T. V. Kozhanova, S. S. Zhilina, T. I. Mescheryakova, E. G. Luk`yanova, K. V. Osipova, S. O. Ayvazyan, A. G. Prityko
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a group of complex disintegrative disorders of mental development, characterized by a lack of ability to social interaction, communication, stereotyped behavior, leading to social maladaptation. We present a rare clinical case of a delay in psychomotor and speech development, specific facial dysmorphia, impaired behavior, and a detected mutation in the ADNP gene. When conducting targeted exomic sequencing, we revealed a previously undescribed variant of the nucleotide sequence in the ADNP gene (p.Ala1017fs). Mutations in the ADNP gene in a heterozygous state were described for patients with Helsmoortel-van der Aa syndrome (OMIM: # 615873). Mutations in the ADNP gene are the genetic cause of ASD in 0.17% of cases. When interpreting the data of new generation sequencing (NGS) in patients with epileptic encephalopathy, ASD, and characteristic phenotype, it is advisable to take into account that the ADNP gene is one of the key genes responsible for embryonic neurodevelopment.
Epilepsy in Sturge-Weber syndrome: a literature review and description of a clinical case
N. I. Shova, V. A. Mikhailov, S. A. Korovina, D. V. Alekseeva
The Struge-Weber syndrome is the third most common neurodermal disease after neurofibromatosis and tuberous sclerosis. This disease is not inherited, but occurs exclusively sporadically, both in men and in women, and in all races and ethnic groups. In 90% of cases, this syndrome is diagnosed in pediatric practice. Adult cases of this syndrome are sporadic, since they remain unrecognized due to the polymorphism of this disease. Comorbidity between epilepsy and the Sturge-Weber syndrome was noted.
Aim. To conduct a literature analysis and describe the clinical observation of epilepsy with the Sturge-Weber syndrome.
Materials and methods. Patient M., 50 years old has been observed for a long time due to complaints on episodes of numbness according to the hematotype with transient paresis. The examination (MRI) revealed changes characteristic for Sturge-Weber syndrome. The presence of specific paroxysmal changes according to the results of electroencephalography helped to verify the genesis of paroxysmal conditions.
Results. The patient underwent a comprehensive examination. As a result, the diagnosis of epilepsy was verified. The prescription of adequate antiepileptic therapy allowed for stabilization and jugulation of epileptic seizures.
Conclusion. In this clinical observation, we focus on the differential diagnosis between transient ischemic attack and epilepsy. Unfortunately, at the moment, adults with a previously undetectable syndrome undergo multiple hospitalizations and do not receive antiepileptic therapy, since the prior disease (epilepsy) is not verified.
Compliance in epileptology: a modern view of the problem and strategies for its optimization
N. N. Maslova, V. A. Skorobogatova
Low adherence to therapy in patients with epilepsy is today a serious problem, despite the emergence of new opportunities for the treatment of seizures. According to modern data, the level of non-adherence is 29–39%. Non-adherence is naturally associated with adverse clinical outcomes, such as status epilepticus and sudden death syndrome, which generally increase the risk of death. Thus, the study of the causes of low adherence in patients with epilepsy is necessary for doctors to develop strategies to increase it.
Takeaways of the Interregional research and practical conference with international attendance "Epilepsy and Paroxysmal Conditions as an Interdisciplinary Problem"
Epilepsy and COVID-19. Tactic and treatment. Recommendations of Russian League Against Epilepsy
V. A. Karlov, S. G. Burd, A. V. Lebedeva, M. B. Mironov, Yu. V. Rubleva
ILAE CLASSIFICATION OF THE EPILEPSIES: THE 2017 REVISION AND UPDATE
IMMUNE DISTURBANCES IN PATIENTS WITH EPILEPSY AND OPPORTUNITY OF IMMUNOMODULATION BY RECOMBINANT HUMAN IL-2
GUIDELINES FOR CARRYING OUT OF ROUTINE EEG OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY EXPERT BOARD OF RUSSIAN LEAGUE AGAINST EPILEPSY
FEJERMAN SYNDROME (BENIGN NONEPILEPTIC MYOCLONUS OF INFANCY)
WEST SYNDROME REVISITED
NON EPILEPTIC PAROXYSMAL EVENTS IMITATING EPILEPSY IN CHILDREN
Karlov V.A.
Keywords EEG Epilepsy adolescents anticonvulsants antiepileptic drugs antiepileptic therapy children drug-resistant epilepsy efficacy electroencephalography epilepsy levetiracetam perampanel pregnancy quality of life safety tolerability topiramate treatment valproic acid video-EEG monitoring
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I have a 5 year old son who is always thirsty and has to use the restroom to the extreme that his kindergarten teacher has called me with concern. He is unusually tired and seems to have a rash on his body. His skin seems really dry (although it is the middle of winter). He wets the bed every night. I don't know if I should take him to see a doctor, or is this just normal for a 5 year old boy that is very active? Our family has no history of diabetes (that I know of). Is he at risk of having diabetes? Are there any other symptoms I should look for?
You should have your son's urine checked once for sugar and ketones and his blood for the level of blood sugar. If these are normal, there is no reason to suspect diabetes. If symptoms persist, I would advise you to ask your pediatrician for more help.