text:
Carolyn McDade papers
Identifier: SSC-MS-00724
Born June 19, 1935 to a Southern Baptist family, Carolyn McDade is a feminist, a writer of women's music, and self-described activist. The collection includes personal and professional papers, including correspondence, music, writing, and organizational documents.
Dates of Materials: 1940 - 2014
Found in: Sophia Smith Collection of Women's History
Committee on Women, Population and the Environment records
The collection contains the business records of the Committee on Women, Population,& the Environment (CWPE), a multi-racial alliance that works on the local, regional, national, and international levels to oppose population control policies that blame overpopulation for poverty, hunger, environmental degradation and political volatility.
Elizabeth A. Sackler papers
Elizabeth A. Sackler, the daughter of Arthur M. Sackler, a psychiatrist who made a fortune in the pharmaceutical business and a noted patron of the arts, has been a tireless advocate on behalf of American Indians and the repatriation of their sacred objects as well as a self-described "matron"of feminist art". Her papers include correspondence, reports, fundraising materials, A/V materials, photographs, and publications.
Elizabeth Lapovsky Kennedy papers
The collection contains personal and professional papers reflecting Elizabeth Kennedy's role as one of the pioneers in the field of Women's Studies and LGBTQ Studies as well as her activism, both in Buffalo, NY and in Arizona. Especially well documented is the emergence of Women's Studies as a viable academic field, as well as the opening up of American Studies and cultural anthropology.
Dates of Materials: 1951-2017
Global Campaign for Microbicides records
Abstract The Washington-based Global Campaign for Microbicides (GCM), which engaged over 300 organizations worldwide from its founding in 1998 to the present, focused on encouraging the development of HIV/AIDS prevention methods that women could use autonomously, with no active partner participation. The collection contains a wide range of materials from published scientific research to documentation of the GCM's lobbying efforts in Washington, as well as personal correspondence and handwritten...
Joann Aalfs papers
Abstract The Joann Aalfs papers document the New Bedford Women's Center (founded circa 1969), of which Aalfs was a member. She kept complete and highly detailed records that provide excellent documentation of the beginnings of this grassroots women's organization, the personal and political dimensions of the problems its members sought to address and remedy, as well as the economic, social and cultural context in which it existed. Much of the correspondence is family-related, over multiple...
Loretta J. Ross papers
Abstract Loretta J. Ross is a Reproductive Rights advocate, Civil Rights activist, feminist, women's health activist. Her papers contain speeches, writings, correspondence, organization and conference files, and audiovisual materials. The collection pertains primarily to Ross' activism for reproductive justice rights for women of color, anti-violence, international human rights work, and particularly to issues related black women's health. Other topics include abortion, women's health, teenage...
Miscellaneous organizations collection
Abstract This collection contains small amounts of primarily printed materials on women's professional, social, political, charitable, and patriotic organizations. Also included are women's rights groups and organizations for consumer advocacy, ethnic and racial equality, community service, civic improvement, social welfare, labor advocacy, war relief, and animal rights. National and local organizations in the U.S. are represented, as well as other countries, especially Canada, England, Germany,...
Dates of Materials: 1824-2011 (ongoing)
New Jersey Project records
Abstract Feminist advocacy and educational program. Collection is a rich source of information about issues of race, class, and gender in higher education, in New Jersey specifically, and the efforts of that State to address them among its college and university students and faculty. Types of materials include administrative files, publications, correspondence and emails, reports, writings, books, photographs, conference packets, audiocassettes, DVDs, videocassettes, grant applications, financial...
Nkenge Touré papers
Abstract Political activist; Health reformer; Feminist; Civil rights activist. The papers consist of extensive files pertaining to Nkenge Touré's activism in health reform and civil and political rights for African American women. SisterSong Women of Color Reproductive Justice Collective and the D.C. Rape Crisis Center are well-documented, as are many conferences and workshops in which Touré participated. Touré's international work in these fields is also represented, and there is a small amount of...
Subject: Newsletters X
Subject: Photographs. X
Subject: Fliers X
Repository: Sophia Smith Collection of Women's History X
Resumes 7
Computer media 6
Organization files 6
CD-ROMs 5
Grant proposals 5
Rape Crisis Center (Washington, D.C.) 2
Aalfs, Janet E. 1
Aalfs, Joann 1
American Indian Ritual Object Repatriation Foundation 1
American Studies Association 1
American Women's Association 1
Associated Country Women of the World 1
Black Women's Health Imperative 1
Center for Democratic Renewal (Atlanta, GA) 1
Chicago, Judy, 1939- 1
Committee on Women, Population and the Environment 1
Daly, Mary 1
Darling, Marsha J. Tyson 1
Elizabeth A. Sackler Center for Feminist Art 1
Elizabeth A. Sackler Foundation 1
Global Campaign for Microbicides 1
Halima, Yasmin 1
Heise, Lori 1
International Federation of University Women 1
International Planned Parenthood Federation 1
The Smith College Special Collections Finding Aids database includes descriptions for archival and manuscript materials available in the:
Sophia Smith Collection of Women's History
Smith College Archives
Mortimer Rare Book Collection
Please note that not all finding aids are available online yet. Don't hesitate to ask our staff if additional description is available for a collection.
Digital materials: Browse or search under Digital Objects in the menu above or via Five College Compass.
Rare Books: To search for rare books in the Mortimer Rare Book Collection, please see the Five College Library Catalog.
Access: Although materials in Special Collections can't be checked out, our staff are available to help you find and use materials in our reading room. See Visit Special Collections for more information. In some cases the collections may be stored off-site and will take up to 48 hours for retrieval.
Contact: Email specialcollections@smith.edu for questions or to request material.
To search an exact phrase, use double quotes. (e.g. "Mountain Day" or "Smith College Class of 1922")
Searches are not case sensitive.
To exclude a term from your search, put a minus sign in front of it. (For example, the search "social work" -school will find materials with the phrase "social work" but without the word school.)
A search for w*m*n will give you results with "woman" "women" "womyn" "wimmin", etc.
Create advanced searches by clicking the + button to add a new line to your search.
Use the sections in the top bar to browse repositories, collections, digital objects, etc.
Smith College Special Collections
Neilson Library, 7 Neilson Drive
Northampton, Massachusetts, 01063
specialcollections@smith.edu
Smith College | Smith College Libraries | Smith College Special Collections | Staff Interface | ArchivesSpace.org
Text and metadata are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.


text:
Q: step by step process for installing magento extension through ftp Help please, I am not a computer geek, I am a retired nurse trying to make it in the ECommerce world.  I am trying to install an extension for magento for gift cards.  I would like to learn, not just have someone do it for me. The file has been downloaded onto my computer, it was zipped, it is a commercial extension.
There are 4 file folders:  app, js, skin, .DS_Store  When I open the app there are
code, design, etc, locale, and .DS_Store.
The directions are very simple (Maybe great for some but not for me) It says "Unzip the folder", and copy all files to the Magento root folder.
After reading on line, I went to the code file, copied the code to the code on the server, design to the design, etc to the etc, and the locale to the locale.
Logged in to the admin, dumped the cache, logged out, logged back in went to admin, no extension listed.  Help, Tracy

A: here is the steps for installing extension via ftp:

*

*If you're using the Magento compiler - or if you are not sure if you're doing so - please log into the Magento backend and go to System > Tools > Compilation and turn it off.

*Open the extension ZIP file you downloaded and extract it to a directory on your computer.

*Upload the extracted folders and files into the root directory of your Magento installation. The root directory of Magento is the folder that contains the directories "app", "js", "skin", "lib" and more.

*Go to System > Cache Management and click both the 'Flush Magento Cache' as well as the 'Flush Cache Storage' button.

*Log out of the Magento admin and log back in.

*If you're using the Magento compiler and had it enabled before installing this extension, go to System > Tools > Compilation and click on 'Run Compilation Process' to re-compile Magento and enable it again by clicking on 'Enable'.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Witness Tree, May 20, 2015. From the web camera that uploads images of the tree every half hour to the Harvard Forest home page.
The Witness Tree Project is an intimate look at the human and natural history of a single, 100-year old red oak tree at the Harvard Forest by Bullard Fellow, Lynda Mapes. A veteran newspaper journalist, Lynda posted regularly to her Witness Tree Blog, to share discoveries and bring readers along for the ride, in her life as a journalist embedded at the Harvard Forest.


text:
281 F. 3d 661 - Green v. Benden
281 F3d 661 Green v. Benden
Theophilus GREEN, Plaintiff-Appellant,
Mary Ann BENDEN, et al., Defendants-Appellees.
United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit.
Submitted December 14, 2001.
Decided February 21, 2002.
Theophilus Green (submitted), Chicago, IL, for Plaintiff-Appellant.
Christopher B. Sullivan, Kirkland & Ellis, Chicago, IL, for Defendant-Appellee.
Before FAIRCHILD, DIANE P. WOOD, and WILLIAMS, Circuit Judges.
WILLIAMS, Circuit Judge.
Theophilus Green sued under 42 U.S.C. §§ 1981 and 1983, alleging that the Illinois Department of Professional Regulation ("DPR") and two DPR attorneys (collectively, the "Illinois Defendants") violated his rights to due process and equal protection in bringing administrative disciplinary proceedings against him to suspend his clinical psychologist's license. Dr. Green also asserted a claim under 42 U.S.C. § 1985 for civil conspiracy against the DPR and Health Care Service Corporation ("HCSC"). The district court dismissed some of Dr. Green's claims and granted summary judgment to the defendants on the remaining claims. Dr. Green appeals, and we affirm in part and vacate in part.
I. Factual Background
Dr. Green, an African American, received a degree in clinical psychology in 1982 and from then until 1989 practiced clinical psychology in Illinois without a license. In 1990 Dr. Green passed the Illinois clinical psychologist's examination and obtained a license.
In 1996 the DPR instituted disciplinary proceedings against Dr. Green, alleging that he had violated Illinois law by practicing clinical psychology without a license and by making false statements on another psychologist's licensing application forms. After a hearing the DPR's disciplinary board suspended Dr. Green's license for a minimum of two years and imposed various conditions on its reinstatement. The disciplinary board also barred Dr. Green from supervising prospective licensees as long as his license was suspended and fined him $8,000. Thereafter, HCSC, which required psychologists to be licensed as a prerequisite to reimbursement, ceased all payments to Dr. Green for services that he rendered to its insureds.
Dr. Green sought administrative review in state court; the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois, upheld the suspension but vacated the fine. Dr. Green appealed to the Illinois Appellate Court.
Dr. Green's state-court appeal was still pending when in September 1999 he filed this lawsuit. Dr. Green alleged that the Illinois Defendants violated his rights to due process and equal protection by targeting him for disciplinary action based on his race and in retaliation for his testimony in another disciplinary hearing that was favorable to the psychologist under investigation. Dr. Green further alleged that HCSC and the DPR had conspired "to deny [him] the opportunity to ... practice his profession" based on his race because HCSC (1) refused to reimburse him for services he rendered to its insureds, and (2) provided his patients' confidential medical reports and other unspecified information to the Federal Bureau of Investigation in response to grand jury subpoenas. Dr. Green also asserted claims against the Wisconsin Department of Professional Regulation and certain of its representatives, but those claims are not a part of this appeal. Dr. Green sought a declaration that the DPR disciplinary proceedings were illegal and an award of damages. In November 1999 Dr. Green also sought a preliminary injunction ordering the DPR to restore his license.
II. The District Court Proceedings
In April 2000 the district court denied Dr. Green's request for injunctive relief. The court concluded that Dr. Green had not demonstrated a likelihood of success on the merits because he presented no evidence that the DPR proceedings were racially motivated.
In September the court entered orders dismissing some of Dr. Green's claims and granting summary judgment to the defendants on the remaining claims. Specifically, the court dismissed the entire suit against the DPR and its attorneys in their official capacities, concluding that they were immune under the Eleventh Amendment of the United States Constitution. The court granted summary judgment in favor of HCSC as to the civil conspiracy claim, concluding that Dr. Green presented no evidence that HCSC's actions were motivated by racial animus. Finally, the court granted summary judgment to the DPR attorneys in their individual capacities, a ruling that Dr. Green does not challenge on appeal.
In January 2001 the district court entered a partial judgment under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 54(b) as to HCSC. Dr. Green timely filed a notice of appeal, which was assigned docket number 01-1328. In June 2001 the district court entered a partial judgment under Rule 54(b) as to the Illinois Defendants. Dr. Green timely filed a notice of appeal, which was assigned docket number 01-2399. We consolidated the appeals on our own motion.
III. Analysis
On appeal Dr. Green challenges the district court's denial of injunctive relief and the grant of summary judgment as to his civil conspiracy claim. Dr. Green also contends that the district court erred in failing to enter a default judgment in favor of his co-plaintiffs. At the outset, we dispense with Dr. Green's default judgment argument. Any claims that Dr. Green's co-plaintiffs, Associated Psychological Services and Psychological Solutions, P.C., might otherwise have are not before us. The co-plaintiffs were unrepresented before the district court, which never decided any of their claims. Additionally, the co-plaintiffs are unrepresented before this court and have not filed notices of appeal on their own behalf. See Lewis v. Lenc-Smith Mfg. Co., 784 F.2d 829, 830-31 (7th Cir.1986). We therefore limit our review to Dr. Green's remaining arguments on appeal.
A. Civil Conspiracy
Dr. Green's argument is difficult to grasp, but he appears to contend that the district court erred in granting summary judgment by ignoring evidence that establishes the existence of a conspiracy between HCSC and the DPR. First, Dr. Green highlights two affidavits — one from Allen Piening, the psychologist in whose disciplinary hearing Dr. Green testified, and one from J. Chris Goodman, Dr. Piening's attorney. Dr. Green argues that these affidavits show that the DPR targeted him for prosecution based on his race. Second, Dr. Green claims that he presented evidence that HCSC breached an unspecified legal duty to investigate the DPR's charges and assist him in establishing that he was immune from the disciplinary proceedings.
We first note that the district court relied on documents extraneous to the complaint but nonetheless analyzed the conspiracy claim in the context of a motion to dismiss under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6). Thus, the court effectively converted HCSC's motion to dismiss into one for summary judgment, see Fed.R.Civ.P. 12(c), but the record is not clear as to whether the court gave Dr. Green the requisite notice of conversion and an opportunity to respond, see id.; Massey v. Helman, 259 F.3d 641, 646 n. 8 (7th Cir.2001). The procedural oversight, assuming it exists, does not require reversal if there is nothing that Dr. Green could have submitted to the court that would have created a genuine issue of fact, see id., and that is the case here. The district court granted Dr. Green an evidentiary hearing and repeatedly allowed him to submit new evidentiary materials in support of his conspiracy claim. In our de novo review, we construe the evidence in the light most favorable to Dr. Green, drawing all reasonable inferences in his favor. Velasco v. Ill. Dep't of Human Servs., 246 F.3d 1010, 1016 (7th Cir.2001).
To establish a claim for civil conspiracy under § 1985(3), a plaintiff must demonstrate (1) the existence of a conspiracy, (2) a purpose of depriving a person or class of persons of equal protection of the laws, (3) an act in furtherance of a conspiracy, and (4) an injury to person or property or a deprivation of a right or privilege granted to U.S. citizens. Hernandez v. Joliet Police Dep't, 197 F.3d 256, 263 (7th Cir.1999). The plaintiff also must show some racial, or otherwise class-based, invidiously discriminatory animus behind the conspirators' actions, and that the conspiracy aimed at interfering with rights that are protected against private, as well as official, encroachment. Majeske v. Fraternal Order of Police, Local Lodge No. 7, 94 F.3d 307, 311 (7th Cir.1996). To establish the existence of a conspiracy, a plaintiff must show that the conspirators agreed to inflict injury upon him; in other words, that they acted with a single plan, the general nature and scope of which was known to each conspirator. Hernandez, 197 F.3d at 263. Agreement may be inferred from circumstantial evidence, but only if it is sufficient to permit a reasonable jury to conclude that a meeting of the minds had occurred and that the parties had an understanding to achieve the conspiracy's objectives. Id.
The record contains no evidence that anyone representing HCSC had any relationship or contact with anyone representing the DPR before or during the disciplinary proceedings, let alone specifically agreed to injure Dr. Green. Mr. Goodman's and Dr. Piening's affidavits are not evidence of a conspiracy; they do not mention HCSC and are limited to the affiants' observations about Dr. Piening's and Dr. Green's disciplinary hearings. Nor do the affidavits contain anything to suggest that the Illinois Defendants targeted Dr. Green based on his race. Similarly, Dr. Green's bare assertion that HCSC breached a legal duty to help him develop an immunity defense to the disciplinary proceedings, while being legally unsupportable, in no way suggests collusion with the DPR. Dr. Green cannot establish the existence of a conspiracy, and summary judgment was appropriate for that reason. Thus, we need not analyze the other shortcomings of his claim.
B. The Illinois Defendants
We do not reach the merits of Dr. Green's challenge to the denial of his request for injunctive relief because we agree with the Illinois Defendants that the district court should have abstained under Younger v. Harris, 401 U.S. 37, 91 S.Ct. 746, 27 L.Ed.2d 669 (1971), and its progeny. The Younger abstention doctrine requires federal courts to abstain from enjoining ongoing state proceedings that are (1) judicial in nature, (2) implicate important state interests, and (3) offer an adequate opportunity for review of constitutional claims, (4) so long as no extraordinary circumstances exist which would make abstention inappropriate. Middlesex County Ethics Comm. v. Garden State Bar Ass'n, 457 U.S. 423, 432, 436-37, 102 S.Ct. 2515, 73 L.Ed.2d 116 (1982); Majors v. Engelbrecht, 149 F.3d 709, 711 (7th Cir.1998).
As an initial matter, we reject Dr. Green's argument on appeal that the DPR waived its Younger argument. We recognize that a state may waive Younger abstention, see Ohio Bureau of Employment Servs. v. Hodory, 431 U.S. 471, 477-80, 97 S.Ct. 1898, 52 L.Ed.2d 513 (1977); Kendall-Jackson Winery, Ltd. v. Branson, 212 F.3d 995, 997 (7th Cir.2000), but our review of the record reveals that in responding to Dr. Green's complaint and request for injunctive relief the Illinois Defendants repeatedly requested that the district court abstain under Younger.
The Younger factors all favor abstention. First, Dr. Green's state-court administrative review action, which plainly is judicial in nature, was pending when he filed this lawsuit. Whether the state action is still pending does not matter for our purposes, see Majors, 149 F.3d at 712, although as far as we know it is still pending.
Second, the DPR proceedings implicate important state interests in the regulation and licensing of mental health-care professionals. See Majors, 149 F.3d at 713 ("That the regulation and licensing of healthcare professionals is an important matter of state concern is beyond dispute.").
Third, state-court administrative review of the DPR proceedings constitutes an adequate opportunity for Dr. Green to raise his due process and equal protection challenges. See Ohio Civil Rights Comm'n v. Dayton Christian Schs., Inc., 477 U.S. 619, 629, 106 S.Ct. 2718, 91 L.Ed.2d 512 (1986). This is because under Illinois law, Dr. Green could have brought these challenges along with his claim for administrative review. See Stykel v. City of Freeport, 318 Ill.App.3d 839, 252 Ill.Dec. 368, 742 N.E.2d 906, 914 (2001); Nelson v. Murphy, 44 F.3d 497, 502 (7th Cir.1995). It matters not whether Dr. Green actually presented these challenges in state court. "[W]hen a litigant has not attempted to present his federal claims in related state-court proceedings, a federal court should assume that the state procedures will af ford an adequate remedy." Pennzoil Co. v. Texaco, Inc., 481 U.S. 1, 15, 107 S.Ct. 1519, 95 L.Ed.2d 1 (1987).
Finally, Dr. Green does not claim that any extraordinary circumstances exist that make abstention inappropriate. See Ramsden v. AgriBank, FCB, 214 F.3d 865, 871 (7th Cir.) (party claiming extraordinary circumstances must demonstrate their existence), cert. denied, 531 U.S. 1036, 121 S.Ct. 624, 148 L.Ed.2d 534 (2000).
The district court should have abstained, and the only remaining question is how — by dismissing or merely staying the action. A stay is appropriate when a plaintiff is foreclosed from bringing his damages claims in the state proceeding. See Majors, 149 F.3d at 714; Simpson v. Rowan, 73 F.3d 134, 138-39 (7th Cir.1995). But here Dr. Green could have brought his claim for damages along with his claim for administrative review. See Stykel, 252 Ill.Dec. 368, 742 N.E.2d at 914; Nelson, 44 F.3d at 502. We thus conclude that dismissal, rather than a stay of the claims against the Illinois Defendants, was appropriate here.
Accordingly, the district court's decision is AFFIRMED as to Dr. Green's civil conspiracy claim against HCSC. The district court's order as to the Illinois Defendants is VACATED and this case is REMANDED with directions to dismiss under Younger v. Harris as to the Illinois Defendants. Dr. Green's Petition For Certification of State Law Question, filed on May 24, 2001, is DENIED as moot.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
What Is Enterprise Resource Planning
Software Assisted Planning
Readily Adopt New And Evolving Saas Technologies
Advantages Of Erp System
What Is Enterprise Resource Planning?
Chegg Products And Services
The SCM focuses on those tasks that add real value to the product and give maximum profits to the organization. Organizations have always struggled to balance traditional ERP's high costs and complexity against the need for customized features and https://globalcloudteam.com/ flexibility, all while meeting the demands of the business. Watch and learn how Oracle ERP Cloud delivers connected teams, unified data, and real-time insights to help you and your finance team ensure that the best business decisions are made.
Usually organized into modules, ERP is particularly useful in large enterprises with complex, cross-functional business processes. With access to these new technologies, organizations can quickly improve their business best practices as the ERP software evolves. They can automate processes that used to require heavy manual intervention, such as reconciling financial accounts. In addition, users gain a comprehensive, real-time understanding of enterprise business activities not only in the front office, but also in warehouses, on factory floors, and everywhere else across the enterprise. This knowledge is then readily available to every appropriate employee on their mobile devices, including smartphones and tablets.
While there is considerable demand for the outsourcing of the operations and support of these systems, as shown below, this cannot be done without a project culture to manage the numerous and frequent changes required by these applications. When the e-marketplace solution requires a simple mapping of ERP functionality with a web interface, the inside-out architecture can be highly effective. It lets companies distribute ERP transaction capabilities to a wide audience of web users, without requiring that they load any specific client software on their PCs. However, from the e-marketplace's point of view, this approach is applicable only when the ERP system is installed.
ERP systems are designed around a single, defined data structure that typically has a common database. This helps ensure that the information used across the enterprise is normalized and based on common definitions and user experiences. These core constructs are then interconnected with business processes driven by workflows across business departments (e.g. finance, human resources, engineering, marketing, and operations), connecting systems and the people who use them. Simply put, ERP is the vehicle for integrating people, processes, and technologies across a modern enterprise. Enterprise resource planning refers to a type of software that organizations use to manage day-to-day business activities such as accounting, procurement, project management, risk management and compliance, and supply chain operations.
The ERP systems connect various technologies used by every part of a business, removing any duplication, and filtering out technology that is highly-priced to the agency. Further, the ERP software collects historical data and make the statistics available to managers to be used productively. Linking records about production, finance, distribution and human sources collectively allows the organization to be more self-aware. The first ERP device was utilized through SAP, a software program company created in 1972 with the aid of 3 software engineers based in Mannheim, Germany. SAPs purpose was to hyperlink different components of a commercial enterprise by using shared data accrued from those parts to help the agency operate more successfully.
But for companies like Boeing and GM with complex operations, ERP is far more important. Their relative importance will vary with the nature of a specfic company's operations. While e-commerce may be more important for a company like Dell that sells computers directly to millions of end customers globally, ERP may be more important for a company like Boeing that sells far complex equipment to just dozens of airlines. ERP provides an integrated view of data from multiple sources so that business users can get up-to-date, accurate status information and participate in ongoing business processes at the optimal time.
The ERP system notifies shipping that an order has been placed and sends along the address to which it needs to be mailed, as well as a packing slip and a shipping label. Enterprise resource planning, or ERP for short, is a comprehensive software platform used to help a business run more efficiently and effectively, by automating core processes. In 1913, engineer Ford Whitman Harris developed what became known as the economic order quantity model, a paper-based manufacturing system for production scheduling. Toolmaker Black and Decker changed the game in 1964 when it became the first company to adopt a material requirements planning solution that combined EOQ concepts with a mainframe computer. ERP also ensures that these data fields and attributes roll up to the correct account in the company's general ledger so that all costs are properly tracked and represented.
Meanwhile, ERP technology was evolving to embrace the internet, with new features and functionality such as embedded analytics. As time went on, many organizations discovered that their on-premises ERP systems couldn't keep up with modern security demands or emerging technologies such as smartphones. ERP Systems and software support multiple functions across the enterprise, mid-sized, or small businesses, including customizations for your industry. In a business sense, Enterprise Resource Planning ensures customer satisfaction, What is Enterprise Resource Planning as it leads to business development that is development of new areas, new products and new services. In a nutshell, the Enterprise Resource Planning software tries to integrate all the different departments and functions of an organization into a single computer system to serve the various needs of these departments. However, some of the challenges holding managers back include the difficulty in attaining accurate information, lack of applications that mimic existing business practices and bad interfaces.
ERP system effectiveness is generally limited by the company's improper use or lack of willingness to adopt traditional methods to conform with the ERP system. See the industry-leading enterprise resource planning cloud solution, serving as your integrated management of business processes and applications, to gain resilience and real-time agility, to position yourself for growth. How can these solutions manage organizations day-to-day business activities, such as accounting, finance, procurement, project management, supply chain, and manufacturing. Most of these challenges revolve around cost, network infrastructure and legal aspects.
A complete ERP suite also includes enterprise performance management, software that helps plan, budget, predict, and report on an organization's financial results. ERP is defined as process management software which helps in using integrated applications of a system for managing business functions. Sales and marketing, development, product planning, manufacturing and human resources are included in ERP software.
Producing Enterprise Resource Planning software is complex and also has many significant implications for staff work practice. Implementing the software is a difficult task too and one that 'in-house' IT specialists cannot handle. Hence to implement ERP software, organizations hire third party consulting companies or an ERP vendor. ERP Systems are usually designed using a common database and based on the key principle of central collection of data for wide distribution. With this secure central database everyone in the organization can be confident the data is correct, up to date and complete. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data.
These may change over time as technology makes progress and laws change and adopt blockchain technology. For instance, data security in blockchain-enabled supply chains is a concern as data is shared outside the enterprise. While blockchain is designed to be robust, secure, and anonymous, there have been incidents where it is misused by hackers who seek ransom payments in bitcoins.
In addition, organizations nearly always wanted to customize their ERP systems to fit their specific needs, entailing an additional expense of software consultants and training. The following diagram illustrates the differences between non-integrated systems versus an integrated system for enterprise resource planning. Next-generation technologies, like artificial intelligence , help cloud-based systems rapidly improve their capabilities with no need for periodic updates, unlike your legacy system. Now, with no additional or new input from the end-user, ERP systems continually become significantly easier to manage and use. However, if installed correctly this integrated approach can be very cost effective for an organization. With an integrated solution, different departments can easily share information and communicate with one another.
There are two main driving forces behind Enterprise Resource Planning for a business organization. The task at hand, of implementing one software program that looks after the needs of the Finance Department together with the needs of the Human Resource Department and the Warehouse, seems impossible. These different departments usually have an individual software program that is optimized in the way each department works. These systems have been adopted in considerable numbers during the last few years, usually based on packages from a relatively small number of companies such as SAP, Oracle, and PeopleSoft.
MRP remained the manufacturing standard until manufacturing resource planning was developed in 1983. MRP II featured "modules" as a key software architectural component, and integrated core manufacturing components including purchasing, bills of materials, scheduling, and contract management. For the first time, different manufacturing tasks were integrated into a common system. MRP II also provided a compelling vision of how organizations could leverage software to share and integrate enterprise data and boost operational efficiency with better production planning, reduced inventory, and less waste . As computer technology evolved through the 1970s and 1980s, concepts similar to MRP II were developed to handle business activities beyond manufacturing, incorporating finance, customer relationship management, and human resources data.
These integrated systems act as a business's central hub for end-to-end workflow and data, allowing a variety of departments to access.
By collecting an organization's shared transactional data from multiple sources, ERP systems eliminate data duplication and provide data integrity with a single source of truth.
For the first time, different manufacturing tasks were integrated into a common system.
ERP systems employ client/server technology within, mainly, three-tier c/s platforms.
The cloud provider patches, manages, and updates the software several times a year—rather than an expensive upgrade every 5 to 10 years with an on-premises system.
Further, the ERP software collects historical data and make the statistics available to managers to be used productively.
•The very rigid structure of an ERP solution oftentimes makes it difficult to adapt to the specific needs of individual organizations.
Enterprise Resource Planning is a software solution that tackles the needs of an organization, taking into account the process view to meet an organization's goals while incorporating all the functions of an organization. It has been stated that in the net age, the company with the best supply chain in terms of cost and quality is likely to be the winner. This is precisely why more and more manufacturing enterprises globally are outsourcing for the best quality materials. Augmenting and integrating legacy software with cloud applications can complement, enhance, and supplement important tasks. This approach can breathe new life into legacy ERP systems, giving businesses a great opportunity to start adopting cloud capabilities. The time taken to implement an ERP system depends on the size of the business, the number of departments involved, the degree of customization involved, the magnitude of the change and the cooperation of customers to the project.
Its purpose is to make easy the information flow between all business functions within the boundaries of the organization and manage the organization's connections with its outside stakeholders. Customer relationship management—While CRM is a standalone software category, many ERP systems include CRM as a module. •Because ERP software is enormously sophisticated, there is often a tendency to implement more features and functions for a particular installation than are actually needed. This drives up costs and may reduce usage if the system proves too complex to use. •The very rigid structure of an ERP solution oftentimes makes it difficult to adapt to the specific needs of individual organizations. While ERP systems are complex and multifaceted, their biggest advantage is that by connecting all aspects of a business in one business management system, it is very efficient.
These resources are tracked against commitments, such as orders or accounts payable, in order to make sure supply and demand will be accommodated with minimal waste and cost. Built for the digital age, today's ERP cloud embraces mobile, social, analytics, and the latest emerging technologies. Although the term "financials" is often used when describing ERP software, financials and ERP are not the same thing. ERP software works by integrating all the different departments in on organization into one computer system allowing for efficient communication between these departments and hence enhances productivity. While employing an ERP system may be expensive, it offers organizations a cost efficient system in the long run. Adopting ERP software eradicates the problem of coordinating changes between many systems.
By 1990, technology analysts had a name for this new category of business management software—enterprise resource planning. While financials handles one area of the business, ERP encompasses a wide range of business processes—including financials. Software is today considered as a system that aims to serve as an information backbone for the whole organization. The crucial point is in an efficient integration of all business processes with an emphasis put on reporting and business intelligence capabilities important for management. Enterprise Resource Planning provides comprehensive information management for organizations. Even though ERP projects are costly and need several months to be implemented, in the last couple of years many companies have replaced their legacy systems with these new integrated suites.
ERP systems tie together a multitude of business processes and enable the flow of data between them. By collecting an organization's shared transactional data from multiple sources, ERP systems eliminate data duplication and provide data integrity with a single source of truth. Enterprise Resource Planning is for most companies only possible by using software systems. ERP systems assist the business over all areas of operation and in all business processes. Apart from the planning, these systems also have administrative, anticipating and monitoring functions. Over the years business applications have evolved from Management Information Systems with no decision support to Corporate Information Systems, which offer some decision support to Enterprise Resource Planning.
With ERP delivered as a service in the cloud, your organization can be future-ready and outpace change. ERP systems will also provide transparency into your complete business process by tracking all aspects of production, logistics, and financials. These integrated systems act as a business's central hub for end-to-end workflow and data, allowing a variety of departments to access.
Software, Operating Systems, And Enterprise Applications
See how industry analysts compare Oracle Cloud ERP against other financial management software providers. Today, ERP systems are critical for managing thousands of businesses of all sizes and in all industries. A particular hardware and software environment is described by the Enterprise Resource Planning which is called as platform. Easy integration between future systems and connectivity of the system is ensured by the platform. ERP software provides a top-down view of an organization, so information is available to make decisions at anytime, anywhere.
ERP is software that is used to manage day to day business processes often by integrating systems and applications to manage the business and automate many back office functions related to technology, services and human resources. Enterprise Resource Processing software integrates planning, development, manufacturing, sales and marketing in a single database and application interface. ERP systems tie together and define a plethora of business processes and enable the flow of data between them. To these companies, ERP is as indispensable as the electricity that keeps the lights on.
In addition to managing processes, ERP systems also gather, store, and analyze data from internal functions, such as marketing, manufacturing, accounting, facilities, and research and development. Finding cloud applications that complement your legacy ERP software modules lets you immediately take advantage of rapidly advancing new technologies and improving user paradigms. These provide complimentary systems that deliver immediate business capabilities and value without a fundamental change in your operations. When ERP software is delivered as a service in the cloud, it runs on a network of remote servers instead of inside a company's server room. The cloud provider patches, manages, and updates the software several times a year—rather than an expensive upgrade every 5 to 10 years with an on-premises system. The cloud can reduce both operational expenses and capital expenses because it eliminates the need for companies to purchase software and hardware, or hire additional IT staff.
Cloud-based ERP applications are often embedded with next-generation technologies, such as the internet of things , blockchain, AI, machine learning, and digital assistants. The organizations should take extra precautions when it comes to choosing the correct ERP system for them. There have been many cases that organizations have lost a lot of money due to selecting the 'wrong' ERP solution and a service provider for them.
Anterior Exporting An Invoice To Freshbooks
Siguiente LA CANCILLERÍA


We are seeing organizations becoming increasingly global thanks to the internet. Though with organizations aiming for a more global reach HR managers need to overcome the challenges of HR globalization. According to a paper by the Society for Human Resource Management Foundation, it is fundamental that HR managers and companies start to understand the impact of the new environment in which they aim to do business. Understanding and overcoming the complexities of new global environments is one of the keys to HR success.
Companies expanding into new markets and especially those in regions labeled as "developing" need to understand, accept and overcome local challenges and values. HR Globalization will require playing, in essence, a professional tug-of-war with other established businesses in the region as you try to attract their experienced workforce. However, in doing so, they're also improving an understanding of the local market with each experienced employee.
HR Globalization will also require tailoring its policies to the region. For instance, in some countries, Women workers may not be considered equal to their male counterparts in the same way. Their attire, room location, and work timings will differ. HR will need to be thus sensitive to these issues or acquiring female employees to meet a stipulated corporate quota or policy will be nearly impossible.
HR managers will also be responsible for recognizing local laws regarding part-time and temporary employees which vary from one country to the next. For instance, in Indonesia, there is no difference between a part-time and full-time employee. So, both are entitled to the same rights.
Another significant effect of HR Globalization is the need to push for professional development. Professional development is regarded as providing employees with various opportunities with which they can achieve their stated career goals. Organizations will need to provide resources which can range from university degree subsidies to free courses and training days.
Professional development is one of the keys to globalization as it puts employees in a winning position because they feel that the company cares about them, their skills and competencies. In return, the organization also benefits from the new skills which helps them get out on top of the competition which may not be adapting as quickly.
Another big part of HR globalization is the need for businesses to understand and astutely apply the local laws to their business. These laws range from labor to tax and business types. So, companies need to comply with these laws. Other important laws which vary are minimum wage, tax allowances and working hours.
HR globalization is all about HR localization which may sound strange, but in practice it is important. Take for instance an American business expanding into China. The HR in China will need to be localized not just regarding laws but also culture and language. So, that local Chinese understand what the company is all about before they decide to work there.


text:
<package>
  <description brief="faa_utilities">

     faa_utilities

  </description>
  <author>Peter Polidoro</author>
  <license>BSD</license>
  <review status="unreviewed" notes=""/>
  <url>https://bitbucket.org/peterpolidoro/faa</url>
  <depend package="rospy"/>

  <!-- <rosdep name="redis_server"/> -->
  <!-- <rosdep name="python_redis"/> -->

</package>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Shining Force Central • View topic - SF3Patch Version 20 Released!
Please post any issues or feedback in this thread.
Re: SF3Patch Version 20 Released!
I'm about to update my patch right now. Can't wait to try this out. I'm happy to see such good progress coming on Sc2. More than halfway into beta! That's a true accomplishment.


Jimmy Kimmel opened his late-night show on Monday with an emotional speech revealing that his son — born just 10 days ago — had a heart defect. He then slammed Donald Trump for attempting to cut funding to the National Institutes of Health.
During the nearly 15-minute monologue, Kimmel couldn't contain his tears at moments as he described the heartrending discovery just three hours after his son Billy was born that the child would need open-heart surgery.


text:
Q: Hardcode Boolean Query In Room Database I'm building an Android application that displays a list of potential matches for a user. The user can click on one to like the user, and I save all of those likes locally.
I can write a query to get the list of matches like this:
@Query("SELECT * FROM match WHERE liked = :liked ORDER BY match DESC LIMIT :limit")
fun getMatches(limit: Int = 6, liked: Boolean = true): Flowable<List<Match>>

I've learned that this works fine. However, I don't foresee any scenario where I'll ever set liked to false, and so I'm curious if there is a way to hardcode my Boolean condition? If I try:
@Query("SELECT * FROM match WHERE liked = true ORDER BY match DESC LIMIT :limit")

I get the following error at compile time:
Error:(8, 0) Gradle: error: There is a problem with the query: [SQLITE_ERROR] SQL error or missing database (no such column: true)

How can I hard code this Boolean in my query string?
I have also tried:

*

*Wrapping the condition in single quotes

*

*@Query("SELECT * FROM match WHERE liked = 'true' ORDER BY match DESC LIMIT :limit")

A: CommonWare's approach does work and also answers the OPs question directly; however, I'm not a fan of making such an assumption about the database.  The assumption should be safe, but it may create unexpected work down the road if Room ever decides to change it's boolean implementation.
I'd suggest that the better approach is to not hardcode the boolean 1 or 0 into the query.  If the database is behind a repository, it is still possible for the repository to expose a graceful API.  Personally, I think shielding the larger codebase from the database implementation is a good thing anyways.
Dao Method (copied from OP's question)
@Query("SELECT * FROM match WHERE liked = :liked ORDER BY match DESC LIMIT :limit")
fun getMatches(limit: Int = 6, liked: Boolean = true): Flowable<List<Match>>

Repository
class Repository {
    public Flowable<List<Match>> getLikedMatches() {
        return dao.getMatches(6, true);
    }
}

Of course, this is an opinionated option in that it assumes a certain architectural style. However, it does not make assumptions about the internal database.  Even without the repository shielding the database, the call can be made into the database by passing true everywhere - also without making assumptions as to the underlying data.

A: SQLite does not have a boolean data type. Room maps it to an INTEGER column, mapping true to 1 and false to 0.
So, I would expect this to work:
@Query("SELECT * FROM match WHERE liked = 1 ORDER BY match DESC LIMIT :limit")

Bear in mind that this behavior is undocumented. However, it shouldn't change — at least not without alarm klaxons sounding — as we'd need to use migrations to deal with any changes.

A: You don't have to compare boolean column to a value. Just use the column value itself as a boolean expression. You can easily change your query to SELECT * FROM match WHERE liked ORDER BY match DESC LIMIT :limit.
If you want to compare to false value you can use following expression: where not liked.

A: @Query("SELECT * FROM searched_data_table WHERE favourit_history==1 ORDER BY lang_id DESC")

Use this query to search data from the table this will give you data in descending order with respect to your key value


text:
Courtesy: Indian Express
Loss beyond repair: how victims cope with the aftermath of the illegal anti-encroachment drive
The Leaflet· April 26, 2022
This ground report, prepared by The Leaflet in the aftermath of the illegal demolition in Jahangirpuri, reflects countless stories of despair and loss of livelihood, dignity and peace amongst the residents there.
ON April 24, in the presence of tight security, all residents of Jahangirpuri organised a tiranga yatra by hoisting the tricolour and chanting slogans like, "Bharat mata ki jai" in an attempt to appeal for peace and harmony in the area. On that very day, a team from The Leaflet visited the affected area to assess the ground situation. We found that the residents had different stories to tell, putting forth the bare reality of the lives of the residents.
We met Fatema, a resident of Jahangirpuri, who has lived there with her family for over 14 years. She told us that her life has changed forever. She lives with her family amongst Hindu and Muslim neighbours. They share food; their children play together; the families had stood with each other through several years of happiness, sorrows, stress and joys. They prayed together and celebrated as a community. There had never been any bit of communal tension or disrespect amongst the families. Yet, today, she said, "our entire Muslim community is being painted as violent and criminal."
Jahangirpuri is a locality in Delhi comprising a diverse population from different religious and linguistic backgrounds, such as Bengali-speaking Muslims, Gujarati and Punjabi Hindus, and the Valmiki community. Members of these communities are primarily of the working classes. The Bengali-speaking Muslims, predominately in Block C, which is the main site of the demolition drive, have been living in Jahangirpuri since the inception of this resettlement colony for the last four decades.
The anti-encroachment drive highlights the discrimination faced by the Muslim-speaking community in Jahangirpuri, which is also reflected by the fact that Block is often referred as 'Chor Colony' by outsiders. Although The Leaflet team was not allowed to visit the main site of the demolition, it met someone who echoed the mood prevailing there.
Salim, one of the residents of Jahangirpuri, told us, "If we are Muslims, we are told we belong to Pakistan. If we speak Bengali, they tell us we are Bangladeshi." Anjuma Begum, standing on his left, says, "Sometimes, we are also called Rohingyas. Yet we have never stepped out of India ever. Our upbringing, culture and life is so inherently Indian. If we aren't Indian, who are we?"
"If we are Muslims, we are told we belong to Pakistan. If we speak Bengali, they tell us we are Bangladeshi…Sometimes, we are also called Rohingyas. Yet we have never stepped out of India ever. Our upbringing, culture and life is so inherently Indian. If we aren't Indian, who are we?"
On April 16, communal clashes broke out in Jahangirpuri after a Shobha Yatra was organised to mark Hanuman Jayanti. As reported by news outlets, stone pelting took place and some public properties were vandalised. Just three days after the violence, a 'Special Joint Encroachment Removal Programme' was organised by the Bharatiya Janta Party-led North Delhi Municipal Corporation [NDMC] at 10:15 a.m. on April 21. Despite the intervention of a Supreme Court bench led by the Chief Justice of India at 10:50 a.m. to maintain the status quo, after the matter was urgently mentioned by senior advocate Dushyant Dave, the unlawful razing of allegedly illegal properties by bulldozers continued till 12:25 p.m.
Also read: Why the trend of summarily demolishing properties of alleged criminals is patently illegal
Findings of fact-finding report
A delegation from the Left Parties (Communist Party of India (Marxist), Communist Party of India, Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation [CPI(ML)L], and the All India Forward Bloc) visited the affected area of the communal violence on April 17 and prepared a fact-finding report. According to the report, "...a group of 150 to 200 people armed with weapons in their hands and loud DJ music were roaming in processions since afternoon raising slogans in the streets of Jahangirpuri. Bystanders said they saw pistols and swords being waved by the processionists…The team was informed that this was not a procession organised by local people but was organised by the youth wing of the Bajrang Dal with most from outside the area."
Further, the report pointed out, "The team was informed that the procession had already made two rounds of that area in Block C Jahangirpuri in which the dominant residents are Bengali speaking Muslims. It was in the third round of procession that the incident occured…The fact is that the incidents occurred when the procession stopped outside a mosque at the exact time when those who were keeping roza were gathering at the mosque for the prayer."
Fact-finding report by Left Parties' delegation: "[T]he incidents occurred when the procession stopped outside a mosque at the exact time when those who were keeping roza were gathering at the mosque for the prayer."
The report confirmed stone pelting from both sides and stated, "The team was told that there was stone-pelting which started from both sides", but it also clarified why the other side started pelting stones and said, "The team was told that there was a fear among the residents near that area that the processionists would enter the mosque and that the police were not taking any action."
The Leaflet team spoke to Ravi Rai, CPI(ML)L Delhi Secretary, and one of the members of the delegation which authored the fact-finding report. He said: "One of the points we have raised…is that on Hanuman Jayanti, three processions were led out, two of which were in afternoon but the one in the evening was near the Mosque after 6 p.m., despite the fact that a crowd will be gathered as it was the time when Muslims were supposed to break their roza. So much video evidence is now available that suggests that the people in the procession carried arms and swords, and there were police vehicles surrounding the procession. We want to ask: how did the police even allow the procession when there was a possibility that communal violence might break out? And why did they allow the procession specifically at the time of roza?"
He further said, "We have actually said in the report that there must be an inquiry against the Delhi police. The inquiry of the communal violence should be monitored by the High Court or the Supreme Court because we have serious doubts over the role of Delhi Police here. We want Delhi police's accountability to be decided first."
At the time our team visited, security was beefed up with extensive deployment of police and security forces, and the law and order situation looked completely under control. Yet, irreparable damage to the lives of the residents and shop owners has already been caused, as several residents and shop owners have lost their peace, livelihoods and dignity; for these very reasons, many are still apprehensive of re-opening their shops in the area.
Also read: Supreme Court issues notice in petitions against country-wide demolition drives; status quo to be maintained in Jahangirpuri
Legal violations abound
Begum, another victim, told The Leaflet that the damage done to shops was tremendous. She shared her loss with us and said, "We had bought a double fridge for our shop that took many years to buy from our hard earned money. It's now gone. We begged them not to bulldoze it but they destroyed the fridge over our tears." Salim said, "All the people in the community live here very peacefully. But there is a growing tendency of outsiders, whom we do not know, visiting our localities and creating disharmony. They are driven by an agenda to create tension."
Anjuma took our team to a family residing in one of the congested lanes. According to her, the family is afraid of the police because two of its male members, both working, have been taken away by them on some criminal charges. The family does not have a copy of the First Information Report [FIR] lodged, as they were not given the copy of one. They are not even sure if there exists a criminal charge at all. They tried to visit the police stations in search of their family members but they were driven away.
The family, consisting of a man in his 30s and a woman in her 70s, told the team that it has no information about these male members at present. The man, who was identified as their brother, told us, "We are really not sure about anything at this moment. My apprehension is that they have been arrested under the NSA [National Security Act, 1980]." The aged woman, who was identified as the mother, then corrected his son and pointed out to us that "it's NRC [National Register for Citizens] and not NSA", while she cried incessantly as we tried to speak to her. Both of them were utterly unaware and confused of the difference between the two.
The fact finding report corroborates this information on illegal arrests and detention. The report stated: "At night on the April 16th the police conducted raids in the area making indiscriminate arrests. When women tried to find out from the police why their homes were being raided, male police punched them in the stomach and beat them."
Also read: Encroachment made by Khargone riot-accused won't be razed without due legal process, MP government tells Madhya Pradesh High Court
We asked these families if they are in need of legal aid. The mother, speaking through her tears, told us that lawyers are consistently making rounds of this place with a promise to support and offer legal aid, but nothing has happened yet. She further remarked, "It's been more than one week since the police took them away."
Fact-finding report by Left Parties' delegation:: "At night on the April 16th the police conducted raids in the area making indiscriminate arrests. When women tried to find out from the police why their homes were being raided, male police punched them in the stomach and beat them."
Sadly, many families in Jahangirpuri share similar stories. The Leaflet met a pregnant woman, Aafiya, whose husband had been taken away by the police, without any communication, on the day when the communal clashes broke out in Jahangirpuri. Aafiya told us that she is in contact with some lawyers, but has still not received the copy of the FIR.
Rai commented on the indiscriminate arrest of the Muslim youths. He said: "When we went on 17th, we met a lot of families. On that day, we went to the Additional DCP [Deputy Commissioner of Police] and conveyed to them our concerns that people have serious doubts over their investigation as they are trying to frame a particular community." He further remarked, "But this is not the first time we have seen Delhi Police behaving like this. Their accountability was also questioned during the North-East riots that happened two years back. We are witnessing the same thing repeating again. That is why Delhi Police should have no right to inquire about this communal violence."
Also read: PIL in SC seeks relief against illegal demolitions of properties of those accused in riots
Our interaction with senior police officials conveyed a totally different picture, contrary to all these testimonies we gathered. The police told us: "The situation is normal, and the residents of Jahangirpuri are not in need of legal aid", when asked about their assessment of the situation.
Kavita Krishnan: "When Muslims, especially Bengali-speaking Muslims are targeted as encroachers, it means they are labelled as infiltrators within the country. Their very identity falls under threat. And that is precisely the intent behind these demolition drives."
It is pertinent to point out the sheer ignorance of the NDMC in fulfilling its basic sanitation duties in Jahangirpuri. Our team witnessed that garbage was dumped in almost all the roads leading to the area, which made it extremely unhygienic. This should especially be of concern to the NDMC, with COVID-19 cases constantly rising in Delhi.
Commenting on the situation, Kavita Krishnan, Secretary, All India Progressive Women's Association, and a Politburo member of CPI(ML)L, said, "These encroachments are targeted, low intensity yet sustainable steps towards consolidating local and grassroots-level Islamophobia. Slum demolitions have always been a tool for further marginalising the poor and working class population. However, these demolitions also inject strong doses of othering and Islamophobia into common minds. When slum dwellers are called encroachers, they are accused of encroaching a locality or a piece of land. However, when Muslims, especially Bengali-speaking Muslims are targeted as encroachers, it means they are labelled as infiltrators within the country. Their very identity falls under threat. And that is precisely the intent behind these demolition drives."
We asked Salima about her message to those reading this report and whether she wanted the State to compensate for her losses. She replied, "Yes, I am poor and we need to repair our lives again. But money alone cannot repair our lives. The loss is irreparable. We want our community's peace and harmony back. We want our dignity and identity back. We lived in happiness. We want our lives back."
All photos were clicked by The Leaflet's team.
Note: The names of the locals interviewed for this report have been changed to protect their identities.
CJI berates Madhya Pradesh government for harassing former college principal for a 'communal' book in college library
Bombay High Court declares the arrest of Kochhar couple illegal
Supreme Court halts Haldwani eviction drive; says cannot uproot thousands of occupants overnight


text:
August 22, 2013 August 17, 2013 mlynxqualey Iraq, poetry
Ghareeb Iskander on Iraqi Poetries and the 'Third Language' of Translation
Ghareeb Iskander is an Iraqi poet living in London. He has published collections of his own work (Sawad Basiq, Mahafat Alwahm, Af'a Gilgamesh), criticism on Arabic poetry, and translations of poets both from Arabic to English (Badr Shakir al-Sayyab) and English to Arabic (Derek Walcott).
Iskander has also been involved in the Reel Iraq project, along with Ryan van Winkle and Lauren Pyott, who were part of last week's Iraqi poetry feature. He answered questions about his own poetry and the festival:
ArabLit: You participated in Reel Iraq. What did you most enjoy about this experience? What did it bring, as a literary festival — to its authors and its audiences — that was different from other literary festivals?
Ghareeb Iskander: Back in January 2013 I was invited by Ryan van Winkle, the literary manager of the Reel Festival, and Dan Gorman co-founder of the Reel Festival, to join a poetry translation workshop called Found in Translation with four poets based in Scotland (John Glandy, Jen Hadfield, Krystelle Bamford and William Letford) and four Iraqi poets (Sabreen Kadhim, Zahir Mousa, the Kurdish poet from Kirkuk Awazan Nury and me).
The translations have been done literally through Lauran Pyott (Arabic / English) Hoshang Waziri (Kurdish / English), and Dina Mousawi helped in interpreting between the poets. In Shaqlawa in Erbil we did quite few translations. And as poets we had to work poetically on these translations. It was like an intensive course, but it was really useful and enjoyable. This is indeed what was special, enjoyable, and therefore different about this festival.
At that time we were invited to read our original and translated poems in the Erbil Literature Festival, held by the British Council, to promote the exchange of British and Iraqi writing and give opportunities for the Iraqi audiences to experience the presentations of contemporary literature. It also offered the British writers and poets a chance to further their knowledge and experience of the Iraqi modern literature. Therefore, the advantage I suppose was for both sides: the writers and the audiences.
I am hoping to repeat the same experience when I go for a poetry reading at Edinburgh International Book Festival.
AL: Are there particular characteristics, or challenges, do you think, when translating Iraqi (Arabic) poetry into English? That are different from translating other Arabic poetries?
GI: I think so. Even though Iraqi Arabic poetry is almost at the same standard linguistic level in all the Arab world, there are cultural, social and political and even poetic differences.
As a translator, you have to know these characteristics and differences to convey them to different linguistic, social and cultural systems. These differences also exist in poetry from the same country. A translator has to understand the nature of the poetry he / she is going to translate; for example, translating Adonis, whose poetry is stylistically based on using abstract images and semantically on using philosophical, deep, and sometimes even ambiguous ideas, differs from translating Muhammad al-Maghut, whose poetry is based stylistically on the narrative images and semantically on using common and everyday issues.
I think as every poem has its own circumstances during its writing; its translation has the same conditions. In translation, we don't only convey the linguistic system of the source text to a different linguistic level of the target text. Especially in poetry, we convey all levels (linguistic and non-linguistic) which are melted to build a poem. In that sense, what applies to the Syrian poets applies to the Iraqi and Egyptian poets, etc.
AL: You recently wrote about translating Sayyab into English. Why hasn't Sayyab received more attention in English? Have you translated any of his poems into English?
GI: When I decided to study the translations of Sayyab's poetry, I was shocked when I found that there's just one book in English about the pioneer of modern Arabic poetry!
The only book is Placing the Poet by Terri DeYoung, an academic study about his life and poetry. Yes, there are a few anthologies and journals specialized in Arabic literature in English which published some of his poems, especially his famous poem "Unshodt al-Matar" [Rain Song]. I studied its translations into English and translated the poem myself, and I have recently published a book about it supported by the Iraqi Cultural Centre in London (ICCL). The ICCL also commissioned John Glandy and I to translate poems by Hasab al-Sheikh Ja'far, an Iraqi leading poet living in Baghdad.
The dearth of translations of Sayyab into English is part of the lack of translation institutions and publishers specialized in translating Arabic literature. I think without these institutions and publishing houses we cannot make any significant progress in this domain.
AL: What about issues in translating your own poetry? Do you feel there are things that come across differently, or have different weight, as you listen to the poems in English and in Arabic?
GI: I think any literary translation should be different from/to both the source and the target languages. A translation is, as it is said, the third language. It's the result of the dialogue between the source and target languages. A translator who masters this dialogue which is based on his /her knowledge of original and translated texts linguistically and culturally and it also depends on the condition of the process and the psychological state of the translator.
AL: Is there a national "Iraqi" poetry? Or many Iraqi poetries?
GI: As you know Iraq is a multicultural country: Arab, Kurd, Turkmen, Assyrians, Sabeans, Shabaki, Yazidis. We cannot imagine any culture, no matter how marginal it is, that occurs without poetry. But there are two 'main' poetries in Iraq: Arabic poetry which is part of Arabic poetry in general, and Kurdish poetry which is presented in Iraq through the works of some important Iraqi -Kurdish poets such as Abduallah Quran and Shirko Bekas.
AL: Where do you find your readership? Are they still in Baghdad? Or in London, Cairo, Beirut, elsewhere?
GI: I am an Iraqi poet writing in Arabic, and most of my books were published in Beirut and Baghdad. Some people have read me through the English translations of my poems (e.g. Chariot of Illusion 2009 in London as a part of Exiled Writers Ink project). I worked with John Clarke, a London-based poet, and we translated each other's poems, which we presented at the Poetry Café in 2010 as a part of the Oriental Forum's events. And as previously mentioned, other poems were translated into English as part of Reel Iraq by John Glendy and Jen Hadfield. I am working now with the English poet Chrys Salt to translate a selection of poems which we will present in the Wigtown Festival in October.
AL: Whose work, of contemporary poets, do you admire and find sustenance in? How do you hear about new poets?
GI: Most my readings now are about English poetry, not just British. I have just translated into Arabic the last poetry book of Derek Walcott. It is now in print. I often re-read Walt Whitman, T.S. Eliot, Auden, and Philip Larkin etc. And the classic Arabic poets such as Abu Nuwas and parts of Abu Tamam and al-Mutanabbi. But from time to time I reread my favorite Arabic contemporary poets such as Sayyab, Adonis, etc. In terms of current poetry scene, I attend events held by the Poetry Café, Poet in the City, Arabic cultural centers, etc, and read reviews about new poetry books in magazines and newspapers in English and Arabic.
AL: How do you stay in touch with the poetry communities in Iraq? Was that part of the appeal of the Reel Festivals? Do you feel part of the poetry communities in London?
GI: I often travel to Iraq and I have remained in touch with the poetry communities. The Reel Festival introduced me to new poets, but more importantly I established a good link with British poets.
Ghareeb Iskander also shared a poem he translated by Sabreen Kadhim:
"A Damaged Soul"
Previous Thursdays:
August 1: Basim al-Ansar: 'Poetry Is the Source of All the Arts'
August 8: Khaled al-Maaly: Poetry Worldwide Has No Boundaries
August 15: Between Iraqi and Scottish Poetries: The Closest Thing to Magic One Could Hope to See
3 thoughts on "Ghareeb Iskander on Iraqi Poetries and the 'Third Language' of Translation"
Pingback: On Iraqi Poetry « Arabic Literature (in English)
Pingback: Muftah » Iraqi Poetry: A Series of Interviews and Essays
Pingback: Dunya Mikhail: Writing Without Falling Into 'Political Poetry' « Arabic Literature (in English)
UK Publishers: It's Time to Submit to 'PEN Promotes!'


text:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>
      Test Convolver on Real-time Context
    </title>
    <script src="/resources/testharness.js"></script>
    <script src="/resources/testharnessreport.js"></script>
    <script src="/webaudio/resources/audit-util.js"></script>
    <script src="/webaudio/resources/audit.js"></script>
    <script src="/webaudio/resources/convolution-testing.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <script id="layout-test-code">
      const audit = Audit.createTaskRunner();
      // Choose a length that is larger enough to cause multiple threads to be
      // used in the convolver.  For browsers that don't support this, this
      // value doesn't matter.
      const pulseLength = 16384;

      // The computed SNR should be at least this large.  This value depends on
      // teh platform and browser.  Don't set this value to be to much lower
      // than this. It probably indicates a fairly inaccurate convolver or
      // constant source node automations that should be fixed instead.
      const minRequiredSNR = 77.03;

      // To test the real-time convolver, we convolve two square pulses together
      // to produce a triangular pulse.  To verify the result is correct we
      // compare it against a constant source node configured to generate the
      // expected ramp.
      audit.define(
          {label: 'test', description: 'Test convolver with real-time context'},
          (task, should) => {
            // Use a power of two for the sample rate to eliminate round-off in
            // computing times from frames.
            const context = new AudioContext({sampleRate: 16384});

            // Square pulse for the convolver impulse response.
            const squarePulse = new AudioBuffer(
                {length: pulseLength, sampleRate: context.sampleRate});
            squarePulse.getChannelData(0).fill(1);

            const convolver = new ConvolverNode(
                context, {buffer: squarePulse, disableNormalization: true});

            // Square pulse for testing
            const srcSquare = new ConstantSourceNode(context, {offset: 0});
            srcSquare.connect(convolver);

            // Reference ramp.  Automations on this constant source node will
            // generate the desired ramp.
            const srcRamp = new ConstantSourceNode(context, {offset: 0});

            // Use these gain nodes to compute the difference between the
            // convolver output and the expected ramp to create the error
            // signal.
            const inverter = new GainNode(context, {gain: -1});
            const sum = new GainNode(context, {gain: 1});
            convolver.connect(sum);
            srcRamp.connect(inverter).connect(sum);

            // Square the error signal using this gain node.
            const squarer = new GainNode(context, {gain: 0});
            sum.connect(squarer);
            sum.connect(squarer.gain);

            // Merge the error signal and the square source so we can integrate
            // the error signal to find an SNR.
            const merger = new ChannelMergerNode(context, {numberOfInputs: 2});

            squarer.connect(merger, 0, 0);
            srcSquare.connect(merger, 0, 1);

            // For simplicity, use a ScriptProcessor to integrate the error
            // signal. The square pulse signal is used as a gate over which the
            // integration is done.  When the pulse ends, the SNR is computed
            // and the test ends.

            // |doSum| is used to determine when to integrate and when it
            // becomes false, it signals the end of integration.
            let doSum = false;

            // |signalSum| is the energy in the square pulse.  |errorSum| is the
            // energy in the error signal.
            let signalSum = 0;
            let errorSum = 0;

            let spn = context.createScriptProcessor(0, 2, 1);
            spn.onaudioprocess = (event) => {
              // Sum the values on the first channel when the second channel is
              // not zero.  When the second channel goes from non-zero to 0,
              // dump the value out and terminate the test.
              let c0 = event.inputBuffer.getChannelData(0);
              let c1 = event.inputBuffer.getChannelData(1);

              for (let k = 0; k < c1.length; ++k) {
                if (c1[k] == 0) {
                  if (doSum) {
                    doSum = false;
                    // Square wave is now silent and we were integration, so we
                    // can stop now and verify the SNR.
                    should(10 * Math.log10(signalSum / errorSum), 'SNR')
                        .beGreaterThanOrEqualTo(minRequiredSNR);
                    spn.onaudioprocess = null;
                    task.done();
                  }
                } else {
                  // Signal is non-zero so sum up the values.
                  doSum = true;
                  errorSum += c0[k];
                  signalSum += c1[k] * c1[k];
                }
              }
            };

            merger.connect(spn).connect(context.destination);

            // Schedule everything to start a bit in the futurefrom now, and end
            // pulseLength frames later.
            let now = context.currentTime;

            // |startFrame| is the number of frames to schedule ahead for
            // testing.
            const startFrame = 512;
            const startTime = startFrame / context.sampleRate;
            const pulseDuration = pulseLength / context.sampleRate;

            // Create a square pulse in the constant source node.
            srcSquare.offset.setValueAtTime(1, now + startTime);
            srcSquare.offset.setValueAtTime(0, now + startTime + pulseDuration);

            // Create the reference ramp.
            srcRamp.offset.setValueAtTime(1, now + startTime);
            srcRamp.offset.linearRampToValueAtTime(
                pulseLength,
                now + startTime + pulseDuration - 1 / context.sampleRate);
            srcRamp.offset.linearRampToValueAtTime(
                0,
                now + startTime + 2 * pulseDuration - 1 / context.sampleRate);

            // Start the ramps!
            srcRamp.start();
            srcSquare.start();
          });

      audit.run();
    </script>
  </body>
</html>


Both open and closed-membership groups containing posts on suicide in VKontakte (VK), Europe's largest social network, will reportedly be blocked following a Russian media report on teenage deaths allegedly provoked by such online communities.
Russia's media watchdog Roskomnadzor together with state consumer rights agency Rospotrebnadzor are checking information published in Novaya Gazeta on Monday that showed over a hundred teenagers killed themselves within six months after becoming members of such online groups.
The journalistic investigation titled "The Groups of death" claimed that 130 children suicides committed in different Russian cities between November 2015 and April 2016 are mostly related to a number of VK groups that have been "systematically and consistently working to step by step push the children" to death.
"New deaths have also been announced" in these groups, the report claims, adding that it has passed its information on to law enforcement and investigative authorities, as well as the media watchdog.
Roskomnadzor has already blocked the vast majority of open VK groups containing suicide related materials, Interfax reported. Meanwhile, VK, which has over 350 million users, has said it will independently permanently block similar closed groups following a Rospotrebnadzor request, TASS reported. While the investigation is ongoing, phone numbers of psychological hotlines for teenagers will also be published on some VK accounts.
According to the consumer rights agency, some 30 percent of all links containing information on how to commit suicide and the same percentage of the calls it receives are related to VK. Over 9,300 pages containing such content have been blocked by the agency since November of 2012, RIA Novosti reported.
However, at the same time as some online groups are being blocked, even more pop up under new names, the Novaya Gazeta article says.
The groups tell its users to make a copy of their payment details, saying that if a group is banned, they would still regain membership in a new one after proof of payment is provided.
Parents in central Russia lost their 12-year-old daughter in December of last year when she fell from a 14th-floor balcony. Her mother received a call from her child's number, but found a medic on the other end of the line who told her: "It's not your dear daughter, it's an ambulance doctor, your child is dead." Shortly before that dreadful call, someone else had called the woman's daughter, after which the girl rushed out of her home, never to return.
"[Before her death] she started to draw butterflies and whales a lot. I liked her drawings, they were beautiful, made me proud of her talents. Not for a second did I have an alarming thought. How could I have known that those [online groups] have made them symbolic: butterflies live only for a day, while whales strand themselves on land, committing suicide," the girl's mother told the newspaper.
Three more girls in other cities across Russia died on the same day, the report claimed, saying that all had been members of the same online groups.
The report also refers to an online video recorded in February that shows a teenage boy falling from a bridge. The journalist says that two men can be seen approaching the "hesitating boy" before he falls, after which they run away. Images from the death of another girl, whose head was cut off by a train after she laid down on tracks, also appeared online "almost immediately," the report says.
A day before she died in November 2015, the girl posted a selfie on VK of her standing by a moving train with the caption "bye." She reportedly became an "icon" for many teenagers in online suicidal communities after a photo of her severed head lying beside her body appeared.
"Underage suicides have been committed long before [this] tragedy happened. But why right now has it turned into a symbol? When a lot of time is dedicated to studying it, one can see that the 'promotion' of [this girl's] death has been thoroughly planned. Reposts of it have been paid for, her clone pages have also been offered for sale," the report says, adding that photographs of the teenager's grave, as well as pieces of her blood-stained scarf and screen shots of her chats, have been on sale and in great demand.
The article caused much discussion in Russia, both in traditional and social media. It was criticized by a number of journalists as well as medical experts specializing in teenage suicides.
Critics said the story was biased against the public groups it accused of serious misdeeds, and that the author had failed to provide any evidence that such pages can make teenagers otherwise not contemplating suicide take their lives. Teenage suicides are a serious issue, but research links them to family trouble, bullying, a lack of psychological support in dealing with problems, and other personal factors.


text:
Le mollah Dadullah (1966 - 2007) est un homme politique et un chef militaire afghan taliban. Il participe à la résistance contre les Soviétiques durant la guerre d'Afghanistan.

En , il est nommé au conseil de direction des Talibans par le mollah Omar. Il participe activement au rétablissement taliban dans le sud du pays grâce à ses qualités de diplomate et de militaire. En 2006, il est l'un des principaux organisateurs de l'offensive talibane. Il parvient en effet à diriger les  combattants présents au Waziristan Pakistanais vers l'Afghanistan. Il contribua aussi à changer les tactiques militaires des Talibans en développant l'attentat-suicide et les engins explosifs piégés laissés sur la route des unités de la Coalition. Enfin, lorsque l'offensive est lancée, il remporte de nombreux succès dans le sud-ouest du pays et notamment les provinces d'Helmand, de Kandahar, de Zabul et d'Uruzgan dont il expulse l'administration.

Il trouve la mort dans le sud de l'Afghanistan en , tué lors d'une attaque de la Coalition internationale dirigée par les États-Unis.

Notes et références

Taliban afghan
Décès en mai 2007
Personnalité de la seconde guerre d'Afghanistan
Naissance en 1966
Victime de guerre afghane

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
What Small Business Owners Should Know About The New Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act
On March 2, 2021, Virginia became the second state to enact a comprehensive state privacy law when Governor Northam signed the Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act (the "CDPA") into law. The CDPA creates consumer rights, similar to California's…
https://www.ericperkinslaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Small-Business-Tip-of-the-Day.png 168 778 EPManager0 https://www.ericperkinslaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/PerkinsLawLogo3.png EPManager02021-09-07 17:58:142021-09-07 17:58:14What Small Business Owners Should Know About The New Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act
Quick Reminder About Minimum Wage Increases in Virginia
As amended by the General Assembly in 2020, the Virginia Minimum Wage Act ("VMWA") creates a schedule of incremental increases to the minimum wage throughout the Commonwealth of Virginia. The first increase, effective May 1, 2021, raised…
https://www.ericperkinslaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/rvabizlaw-tip-of-the-day-e1583772357955.jpg 118 604 EPManager0 https://www.ericperkinslaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/PerkinsLawLogo3.png EPManager02021-09-03 11:30:452021-09-03 11:30:45Quick Reminder About Minimum Wage Increases in Virginia
Each month Perkins Law spotlights a local nonprofit doing inspiring work in the central Virginia area, and the featured nonprofit for September 2021 is Podium. Perkins Law salutes Podium RVA for its mission to Empower youth ages 10 - 19 in greater…
https://www.ericperkinslaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Screen-Shot-2021-02-01-at-11.03.48-AM.png 134 576 EPManager0 https://www.ericperkinslaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/PerkinsLawLogo3.png EPManager02021-09-01 12:21:502021-09-01 12:22:15September Nonprofit Spotlight: Podium RVA
Perkins Law Prospective Franchisee Zoom Workshop – September 9th
Ever considered franchising as a path to business ownership? If so, then careful planning and research are a must. Secure a seat for the Perkins Law Prospective Franchisee Workshop on September 9th led by small business and franchise attorney,…
https://www.ericperkinslaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Nonprofit-Graphic.png 584 935 EPManager0 https://www.ericperkinslaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/PerkinsLawLogo3.png EPManager02021-09-01 12:13:132021-09-01 12:13:13Perkins Law Prospective Franchisee Zoom Workshop – September 9th
Perkins Named to "The Best Lawyers in America" List for 12th Year in a Row
RVA small business and franchise attorney Eric Perkins has been selected by peers in the legal community to be included in the 28th edition of The Best Lawyers in America for his work in franchise law for the 12th year in a row. With over 20…
https://www.ericperkinslaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Screen-Shot-2021-08-30-at-9.43.02-AM.png 234 578 EPManager0 https://www.ericperkinslaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/PerkinsLawLogo3.png EPManager02021-08-30 09:43:212021-08-30 09:43:21Perkins Named to "The Best Lawyers in America" List for 12th Year in a Row
The Corporate Transparency Act and its Effect on Small Businesses
On January 1, 2021, the Corporate Transparency Act (the "CTA") was enacted as a part of the National Defense Authorization Act. As a result, certain U.S. business entities will soon be required to file a report with the U.S. Treasury Department's…
https://www.ericperkinslaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Small-Business-Tip-of-the-Day.png 168 778 EPManager0 https://www.ericperkinslaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/PerkinsLawLogo3.png EPManager02021-08-18 11:58:482021-08-18 11:58:48The Corporate Transparency Act and its Effect on Small Businesses


text:
Geir Henning Braaten (born 29 October 1944 in Odalen) is a Norwegian pianist. In Oslo, he studied with Nicolai Dirdal from age five, and later with Robert Riefling, both at the Oslo Conservatory of Music. He also studies in France with Yvonne Lefébure, with Bruno Seidlhofer in Vienna.He had his debut in 1966 and has toured widely, especially in the East, including Turkey, Yugoslavia, France, USSR, U.S., Korea, Middle East and Taiwan. He has performed on Hong Kong radio and played with the Tokyo Symphony Orchestra. Braaten has collaborated with conductors including Moshe Atzmon, Aldo Ceccato, Mariss Jansons, Ken-Ichiro Kobayashi and Walter Weller. His complete edition of Grieg gave rise to concerts with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra and won the prestigious MIDEM award. . He has had a close collaboration with world renowned violinist Aaron Rosand.  He is retired from his position associate professor at the Norwegian Academy of Music, but continues his busy concert schedule, both as soloist and in chamber music with violinist Ole Bohn among others.

Releases
 Edvard Grieg, complete piano music, vol. I–VII (Twelve CDs, Victoria, 1993). The Grieg anniversary.
 Arietta and variations (Pro Musica, 2005). With Per Øien and Robert Aitken flute. Music by Franz and Karl Doppler.
 Xmas greetings from the piano ( Simax, 2006)

Awards
 Princess Astrid Music Prize 1967
 Prizewinner in the Concours Debussy in Saint-Germain-en-Laye 1977
 Medal in the Concurso Maria Canals in Barcelona, Spain 1972
 Best Special Edition, Reed Midem Organization 1995
 Gammleng Award 1997 in the "Classic" category.

References

1944 births
Living people
Musicians from Oslo
Norwegian male pianists
Oslo Conservatory of Music alumni
21st-century pianists
21st-century Norwegian male musicians


Makeup of treatment include anti-aging formula of color properties. It should not be confurdirla with a moisturizing color. The plus one is a gel with all the properties of a quality makeup base more Triple anti-free radical formula free and active anti-age.
Physalis calyx extract: protects the Collagen fibers and the fight against free radicals.
Willow leaf extract: protects the elastin fibers.
Summary of Spelt grain: has power anti-glycation.
A great detail has been to include a applicator brush in the packaging of Skinleÿa. It is an accessory of makeup that if it forms part of your make-up bag helps a lot when it comes to applying the base color. Desires to speed, uniformity and the finish is more natural.


This topic has implications for those living in cities as well as for people in rural areas. I wanted to talk a bit about the relationship between heat and crime. While it has been establishes that cities are safer than rural areas, both types of areas experience spikes in crime during heat waves and during warmer months in general.
One of the first studies about heat and aggression was this one shown in the graph. As you can see, hotter weather tends to lead to more riots. Similar studies have been conducted in many cities. Houston, TX for example studied the increase in murder rates that tend to occur during the summer months. So interesting, but what exactly is it that makes people more aggressive in the heat?
Heat Increases Testosterone Production: The hotter it is outside, the more the body naturally produces testosterone. Particularly in men, testosterone production is linked to aggression. The more testosterone a person has, the more statistically likely they are to act in an aggressive way.
Increased Time Outside: When temperatures rise, more people come out from their homes. Interactions between people increase and alone this enough can increase the likelihood that someone will be involved in a crime. When there are more people in an area, the percentage of people committing crimes may stay the same, but total crimes may increase. Heat almost artificially boosts population by bringing people together.
More Irritable: This one is perhaps the most subjective, but lots of people struggle to sleep when it is too hot. Many people do not have air conditioners and so in the summer have to sleep in extreme temperatures. Heat can make it harder to fall asleep, leading to less sleep per night. When people get less sleep they tend to be more short tempered and irritable. This can lead people to act in more aggressive ways towards others.


However long you've been sober, you will inevitably end up having to attend social events or obligations around people that are drinking and who may not be familiar with your situation. There can be any number of awkward incidents that come up in a social gathering when you are one of the few sober people attending. People might politely offer you alcohol or even mistakenly buy you a drink without realizing that you quit drinking. It can be stressful to be in this type of environment especially if you are used to spending time mostly among other sober people. Although you may feel uncomfortable there is no reason to avoid social obligations simply because you are sober.
These are some strategies you can take to help you cope with parties, conferences, weddings or any social event that might involve alcohol.
If you are really worried about attending a certain social event where you don't know anyone, it may be helpful to have a safety net. Inviting a sober friend as your plus one can make you feel less isolated when everyone around you is drinking. You will have someone there who understands your situation and may be experiencing a lot of the same feelings. With a sober friend you will have someone supporting you and you can rely on each other to get through the night. Bringing someone from your inner circle will almost certainly guarantee you will have a better time.
Sometimes it may feel strange not to have a drink in your hand or something to do as you walk around and mingle. You can drink plenty of water, soda, juice or even order a virgin drink or mocktail. This can help you avoid people offering you an alcoholic beverage because you already have a drink in your hand. It can also make you feel less like you are sticking out like a sore thumb when everyone else is drinking something. If the party offers food or snacks they can also be a good distraction and will help you enjoy the experience a little more.
If you have the option to be the driver for someone else who is drinking then this can help you feel more comfortable in social situations. If you don't feel like going into detail about why you don't drink, being a designated driver gives you a quick explanation about your sobriety for the night. If you want to leave early you can always offer to drive someone else at the moment they are leaving so you won't have to stick around longer than you want to. Being a designated driver also gives you a sense of purpose and can keep you focused on staying sober.
Although you may find ways to avoid the conversation, you should always think about what you want to say if someone asks why you aren't drinking. In some cases you may feel comfortable enough to tell them that you quit because it was a problem. With someone you don't know very well, however, you might not be ready to tell them something so personal. There are plenty of answers that will suffice such as saying that you are not drinking for health reasons, you want to drive home sober or that you have to wake up early. It is always your choice who you want to tell about your personal life and there is nothing wrong with skirting the issue or giving lighter answers.
Even parties you are really nervous about may end up being uneventful, but in the case where you are really starting to feel anxious, tempted to drink or simply too uncomfortable it always good to have a backup strategy. You should have someone on hand that you know you can call for support if you can't physically bring a friend. This could be your sponsor, someone you know from recovery or just a close friend that you trust. Talking to them might help you deal with the feelings you are having so that you can calm down and return to the party. If you are still feeling out of sorts should always have an excuse ready in case you need to leave early. When you are too stressed out the best option is just to tell the host you aren't feeling well and leave right away.
As time passes, attending social obligations as a sober person becomes much easier and you learn how to handle any situation that comes up. The important thing is to be prepared and take care of yourself in whatever way necessary so that you are able to stay sober.


text:
#include "tommath_private.h"
#ifdef BN_MP_DR_IS_MODULUS_C
/* LibTomMath, multiple-precision integer library -- Tom St Denis */
/* SPDX-License-Identifier: Unlicense */

/* determines if a number is a valid DR modulus */
mp_bool mp_dr_is_modulus(const mp_int *a)
{
   int ix;

   /* must be at least two digits */
   if (a->used < 2) {
      return MP_NO;
   }

   /* must be of the form b**k - a [a <= b] so all
    * but the first digit must be equal to -1 (mod b).
    */
   for (ix = 1; ix < a->used; ix++) {
      if (a->dp[ix] != MP_MASK) {
         return MP_NO;
      }
   }
   return MP_YES;
}

#endif