The meeting was called to order by Chair, Philip Sjostedt, at 5:05 pm. Vice Chair, Charles Davis was not in attendance. Treasurer, Jeanne Gallagher attended via teleconference. A quorum was determined to be present.
The July 2015 AGM meeting minutes were distributed and approved as written.
The Treasurer reported on the Division assets, and the Treasurer's report was accepted as provided. Ribbons will continue to be provided for sanctioned youth events. The Board agreed that collection of a Division share from club competition entry fees would be waived for the 2015-2016 competition season only, 8/1/2016-7/31/2017. Collection of the fee will be re-visited prior to the start of the 2017-2018 season. Referee and bout committee pay will remain the same at $250 for the head referee, $200 for regular referees, and $150 for bout committee. The division equipment will be updated with the new chip to comply with the change in sabre timing.
The Treasurer reported on the Referee Development Initiative. Potential referees will be reimbursed the cost of the clinic after passing both the written and practical portions of the exam. The clinic does not need to have been taken within the Philadelphia Division. No reimbursements were made during the 2015-2016 season.
The 2016-2017 Board of Directors was elected. Due to multiple candidates, ballots were provided and counted for the position of Vice Chair. The other nominees were unopposed and were declared elected by the Division Secretary. Philip Sjostedt was re-elected as Division Chair, James Flint was elected as Vice Chair, Elisabeth Sibley was elected as Secretary, and Jeanne Gallagher was re-elected as Treasurer. The Board-Elect will serve August 1, 2016 through July 31, 2017.
The Division Qualifier dates have been set with the Junior and Cadet JO Qualifiers to be held December 10-11, 2016. The Board is working with Pixie Roane to secure the use of the gym Wallingford-Swarthmore High School or Middle School. The Y14 and Div 2/3 Summer Nationals Qualifiers will be held March 25-26, 2017. The Board is working with Catherine Humphries-Bennett to secure the use of the gym at William Penn Charter.
Updated Division Bylaws have been drafted and sent to Don Alperstein for review and feedback.
Discussion was held concerning the Division sponsoring a referee clinic to promote referee development. Lara Masters will reach out to Brad Baker about this.
Once the new Board is in place, the Division will look into updating the website.
Lisa Martini proposed that the Division set up a Yahoo group for notification purposes rather than sending physical mailings.
The Chair brought up the idea that the Division set up electronic balloting for elections. The Bylaws would need to be rewritten to accommodate this. The Board will investigate further.
The meeting was adjourned at 5:37 pm by the Chair.
The meeting was called to order by Chair, Philip Sjostedt, at 4:03 pm. A quorum was determined to be present.
The June 2014 minutes were read and approved with correction of a typo in the Vice Chair's name,and it was noted by Josh Herring that the request for rewrite of the Bylaws was noted to be missing from the minutes.
The Division Chair reported on the dissolution of sections and the disbursement of assets, of which the Division received a share in the form of a check.
The Treasurer reported on the Division assets, and the Treasurer's report was accepted as provided.The Board agreed that collection of a Division share from Club competition entry fees would be waived for the 2015-2016 competition season only, 8/1/2015-7/31/2016. Collection of the fee will be re-visited prior to the start of the 2015-2017 season. Approximately $1925 was received for dissolution of sections. Rebates from 2012-2013 and 2013-2014 and 2 quarters of 2014-2015 were received from the NO on dues. Both are considered a windfall. There will be an increase in referee pay to $250 for the head referee and $200 for regular referees as well as the bout committee person to be paid $150. The Division will be looking into updating the website and the associated cost. Some Division equipment is still out on loan, and older equipment is available to loan.
The Treasurer reported on the Referee Development Initiative. Potential referees will be reimbursed the cost of the clinic after passing both the written and practical portions of the exam. As of the 2015-2016 season, the clinic does not need to have been taken within the Philadelphia Division.
The 2015-16 Board of Directors was re-elected. No petitions were received. The Secretary cast the unanimous vote for the slate as proposed.
The Board-elect will serve August 1, 2015 to July 31, 2016.
A presentation on data gathering was given by Vice Chair, Chuck Davis, and Chair, Philip Sjostedt. Fencer population demographics and their potential use for promoting the sport of fencing as well as determining what fencers are looking for in terms of fencing opportunities were discussed.
Division qualifier dates and locations have been set and those events are on FRED. Junior and Cadet qualifiers will be held on the same weekend based on feedback from fencers. Jelena Zeljkovic noted that one of the parents brought up that the JO Qualifier dates conflicts with a Div 1A ROC. Conflicts are unavoidable. ROCs are not region specific. New England also has a U17 qualifier the same weekend.
-Draft schedule distributed. Input was requested from members on how to manage the schedule. Consensus is that there are too many events. Guidance of NO is that the division should not be sanctioning any event of less than 6 fencers, with the only exception being a Division Qualifier. Unsanctioned events may not be covered by USA Fencing insurance. Club owners were encouraged to verify whether their own club insurance would cover it. Kate Thomas brought up the issue of fencers registering and not showing, causing the event to fall below the sanctioning threshold. Matthew Mitchell suggested solutions for youth may be different versus adults. Marshal Davis added that team events should also be handled separately. Mark Holbrow asked for stats on last season's events. Chuck Davis is working on pulling together that data to inform 2016-2017 scheduling. The Chair proposes scheduling through August when we do the second half of the season. Mark Holbrow and Lisa Martini described how NJ handles tournament and supported limiting the number of events and the division coming up with a balanced schedule and trying to award clubs a fixed menu of events. Kate Thomas raised the issue of clubs scheduling events for the development of their fencers. Marshal Davis wants the board to consider supporting events as not conflicts. Catherine Bennett suggests a certain number of dates. Kate Thomas pointed out that everyone is already scheduling on the same dates because of avoiding other conflicts. Matthew Mitchell wants the Board to find the optimum number of events by type. The Chair stated that in NJ cutting the number of events didn't negatively affect the fencers. Milos Vasic noted that NJ is close to NY and may not be comparable. BCAF-W supports its fencers with in-house scrimmages. Mt. Airy invites other clubs in rather than holding tournaments.
The Philadelphia Cup has been discontinued due to lack of participation.
As new business, Josh Herring reported that the Philadelphia Sports Commission is looking to have Summer Nationals in Philadelphia in 2018. Support is requested in the form of volunteers. The Division will receive $1000. Volunteers will be fed. He was asked to find out if SafeSport is required for volunteers by Matthew Mitchell. Josh will inquire about membership and age requirements for volunteers. Club owners expressed support.
Division reimbursement was discussed. The Division wants to maintain working capital of $15,000. Medals are the biggest outlay. Various solutions were discussed. Nothing was decided.
The meeting was adjourned at 5:38 p.m. by the Chair.
The meeting was called to order by Chair Jeff McGalliard at 4:05 pm. A quorum was determined to be present.
The June 2013 Annual Meeting minutes were read and approved, without change.
The 2014-2015 Board of Directors was elected. Due to multiple candidates, ballots were provided and counted for the position of Chair. The other nominees were unopposed and were declared elected by the Division Secretary.
The Board-elect will serve August 1, 2014 to July 31, 2015. Excepting resignations or nominations from the floor, the slate will be presumed to stand for re-election for the 2015-2016 season and their re-election will be ratified at the June 2015 Annual Meeting.
The Treasurer reported on the state of Division assets; see the document below. The Treasurer's report was accepted as provided. The Board agreed that collection of a Division share from Club competition entry fees would be waived for the 2014-2015 competition season only, 8/1/2014-7/31/2015. Collection of the fee will be re-visited prior to the start of the 2015-2016 season.
Clubs were strongly urged to include advertising references to the Cup in their postings of all Division-sanctioned open events. Other details related to the Cup are included on the document attached below.
Scheduling the 2014-2015 competition season was discussed. A date of June 30, 2014 was chosen by those present as a deadline for submitting competition requests. A date of July 13, 2014 was set as a date for a scheduling meeting to resolve conflicts for the first half of the season, August 2014-January 2015. A timetable for steps to develop and finalize the schedule was agreed to by those present.
Member Mark Holbrow requested acknowledgment by the room of outgoing Chair McGalliard's service and the room so responded. Additional members then called for the service of outgoing Vice-Chair Ken Fernandez-Prada and outgoing Secretary Josh Herring to be also recognized and the room again responded.
No further business being brought to the table, the Chair adjourned the meeting at 5:15 pm.


text:
<?php

namespace Ongoing;

class ProcessReturnOrder
{

    /**
     * @var string $GoodsOwnerCode
     */
    protected $GoodsOwnerCode = null;

    /**
     * @var string $UserName
     */
    protected $UserName = null;

    /**
     * @var string $Password
     */
    protected $Password = null;

    /**
     * @var ReturnOrder $ReturnOrder
     */
    protected $ReturnOrder = null;

    /**
     * @param string $GoodsOwnerCode
     * @param string $UserName
     * @param string $Password
     * @param ReturnOrder $ReturnOrder
     */
    public function __construct($GoodsOwnerCode, $UserName, $Password, $ReturnOrder)
    {
      $this->GoodsOwnerCode = $GoodsOwnerCode;
      $this->UserName = $UserName;
      $this->Password = $Password;
      $this->ReturnOrder = $ReturnOrder;
    }

    /**
     * @return string
     */
    public function getGoodsOwnerCode()
    {
      return $this->GoodsOwnerCode;
    }

    /**
     * @param string $GoodsOwnerCode
     * @return \Ongoing\ProcessReturnOrder
     */
    public function setGoodsOwnerCode($GoodsOwnerCode)
    {
      $this->GoodsOwnerCode = $GoodsOwnerCode;
      return $this;
    }

    /**
     * @return string
     */
    public function getUserName()
    {
      return $this->UserName;
    }

    /**
     * @param string $UserName
     * @return \Ongoing\ProcessReturnOrder
     */
    public function setUserName($UserName)
    {
      $this->UserName = $UserName;
      return $this;
    }

    /**
     * @return string
     */
    public function getPassword()
    {
      return $this->Password;
    }

    /**
     * @param string $Password
     * @return \Ongoing\ProcessReturnOrder
     */
    public function setPassword($Password)
    {
      $this->Password = $Password;
      return $this;
    }

    /**
     * @return ReturnOrder
     */
    public function getReturnOrder()
    {
      return $this->ReturnOrder;
    }

    /**
     * @param ReturnOrder $ReturnOrder
     * @return \Ongoing\ProcessReturnOrder
     */
    public function setReturnOrder($ReturnOrder)
    {
      $this->ReturnOrder = $ReturnOrder;
      return $this;
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Show that the sequence $x_n=\Big[\frac32x_{n+1}\Big]$, $x_1=2$ contains an infinite set of odd numbers and an infinite set of even numbers. I am having a hard time proving this

Let $x_n$ be a sequence such that $x_{n+1}=\Big[\frac32x_n\Big]$
  for $n\gt1$, where $[x]$ denotes the nearest integer function and $x_1=2$.
Show that this sequence has an infinite set of odd numbers and an infinite set of even numbers.

I think the best way to approach it is by contradiction. That is, assume that the sequence contains a finite number of odds, let that be $$S=\{x_{k_1},x_{k_2},\cdots x_{k_m}\}$$ Thus, all $x_{k_{m+i}}$ terms must be even numbers.
But $x_{k_{m+1}}=2l$ for $l\in\Bbb{Z}$, so $$x_{k_{m+2}}=\Big[\frac322l\Big]=\Big[3l\Big]$$
And since $[3l]$ is in $\Bbb{Z}$ for all $l\in\Bbb{Z}$ it follows that all $x_{k_j}$ will be of the form $[3t]$, $t\in \Bbb{Z}$.
If we can show that there are infinite number of odds of this form, I believe that we are done. But that is not hard to show, since $\forall t$ odd, $[3t]$ is also odd.
I am having strong doubts though about how rigorous this is, I fear I am missing something crucial here. Any ideas are welcome.

A: The argument you have started is a good approach. The only thing that is missing is to derive the desired contradiction.
Following the same path as in your argument we assume there is only a finite number of odd terms. This implies there is an integer $N$ such that $x_{n}$ is even for all $n\geq N$. Since $x_N$ is even we can write it on the form $x_N = 2^m\cdot k$ where $k$ is odd and $m\geq 1$. The recursion now gives us that (for $i\leq m$)
$$x_{N+i} = 3^i\cdot 2^{m-i}\cdot k$$
but then $x_{N+m} = 3^m\cdot k$ which is odd. This contradicts the assumption that there is a finite number of odd terms.

Similary if there is only a finite number of even terms then there is a $N$ such that $x_n$ is odd for all $n\geq N$. Since $x_N$ is odd we can write $x_N$ on the form $x_N = 2^m\cdot k+1$ where $k$ is odd and $m\geq 1$. But then
$$x_{N+i} = 3^i\cdot 2^{m-i}\cdot k + 1$$
so that $x_{N+m} = 3^m\cdot k+1$ which is even. Again this gives us a contradiction and we can conclude that the sequence has to contain an infinite number of terms of both parities.

Note that the argument above only works when $x_1>1$. If $x_1 = 1$ then $x_n=1$ for all $n$ so there will not be an infinite number of even terms (the argument above fails since $m=0$ in this case).

A: If $x_n=2m$ then $x_{n+1}=3m$ and if $x_n=2n+1$ then $x_{n+1}=\left\lfloor \frac{3}{2}(2m+1)\right\rfloor=3m+1$.
Suppose $x_n=2m_1+1$.
Then $x_{n+1}=3m_1+1$.
Suppose $x_{n+1}=3m_1+1$ is odd.
Then $m_1$ is even and $x_n=4m_2+1,\,x_{n+1}=6m_2+1,\,x_{n+2}=9m_2+1$.
Suppose $x_{n+2}$ is odd.
Then $m_2$ is even and $x_n=8m_3+1,\,x_{n+1}=12m_3+1,\,x_{n+2}=18m_3+1,\,x_{n+3}=27m_3+1$.
If $x_{n+3}$ is odd then $m_3$ is even and $x_n=16m_4+1$, etc.
So we see that an inductive argument can be made for the case that if there is a string of $k$ consecutive terms being odd, beginning with $x_n$, then it must be the case that $2^k$ divides $x_n-1$. Therefore there can be no infinite sequence of consecutive odd terms.
A similiar inductive argument can show that if there is a string of $k$ consecutive even terms beginning with $x_n=2m_1$ then $2^k$ divides $x_n$, so there can be no infinite sequence of consecutive even terms.
Since every consecutive subsequence of even terms must be interrupted by an odd term and every consecutive sequence of odd terms must be interrupted by an even term there must be an infinite number of odd terms and in infinite number of even terms.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Gone are the days when flying in coach class came with the dignity of a warm meal and an occasional mini bottle of free liquor. Now, however - and no thanks to the airlines - passengers traversing San Diego International Airport can refuel at 45 new restaurants before, during or after their flights.
The sweeping concessionaire program arrives on the heels of a $1 billion Green Build expansion at Lindbergh Field's Terminal 2, where 30 of the restaurants, many of them homegrown, will be strewn among dozens of new retail shops in and around the terminal's glossy, freshly built Sunset Cove area.
The program, which also lends engine power to local beer and wine bars, is due for completion in March. Say "goodbye" to Big Macs (yes, McDonald's is going away) and "hello" to cuisine that originates from the city's bona fide chefs.
It's likely that no other airport restaurant in the world dishes up plates of nostalgia quite like the zesty deviled eggs chef Carl Schroeder features as an appetizer at his Bankers Hill hotspot. Co-owner Terryl Gavre promises their new outpost will also feature Schroeder's famous house-made lemon potato chips, beet salad and "substantial fare that translates to a fast, high-quality product." The restaurant's signature deconstructed design will change to "industrial-modern" at the airport, and will feature a full cocktail bar to boot.
A concessionaire from one of the airport's outreach teams figured nothing would quell the frustration of a flight delay better than Pacifica Del Mar's sugar spice king salmon. The restaurant's owner, Kipp Downing, says the rep ate at Pacifica's adjoining Breeze Café three days a week and urged him to come on board. In keeping with the original venue's seaside theme, the airport location will greet guests with ocean-blue colors, a bar and a menu highlighting the cinnamon-cocoa-spiked salmon as well as crab Louie salads, sandwiches and wraps.
"Because this is a mini form of running a full-scale restaurant, it will take us a few months to see what sells and to figure out what works well for grab-and-go," Downing says.
The titillating photos of Thai cuisine gracing Saffron's India Street digs compel airport visitors to schlep their luggage inside this second location. Founder Su-Mei Yu felt it was time to give travelers healthy alternatives and glutenfree dining options. "Our food has wonderful fragrances and it will make people on the planes jealous," she says, referring in part to her acclaimed salad rolls, curries and pad Thai noodles that appear on the abbreviated menu. As part of her agreement with the concessionaire, Yu relinquished management rights, but insists she isn't worried. "I have friends and spies to make sure the food is right," she says.
Arriving with time to spare before takeoff will soon afford an opportunity to test which wines pair best with sausage-artichoke fettuccine and fig-bacon pizza with smoked gouda.
The only folks who shouldn't be sampling craft beer in Stone's sleek, new outlet are pilots. As multiple taps pump the company's latest and greatest suds, the bill of fare has come to include hop-friendly sausage plates and duck tacos like those served at the brewery's World Bistro and Gardens in nearby Liberty Station. The organics that appear in other dishes originate mostly from local plots, including Stone Farms in Escondido. With its beer distribution now in 37 states, not to mention countless San Diego bars, Stone is providing the traveling masses a drinking sanctuary that feels like home.
The Kearny Mesa restaurant brings the unexpected addition of fresh dim sum to Terminal 1 in November, along with transportable duck filets, honey-walnut shrimp and other Cantonese specialties.
Follow your nose through Terminal 2 and you'll encounter the charry ribs, chicken and saucy-faced customers that have made this San Diego barbecue house the envy of all others.
The recent arrival of farm-to-fork salads and organic proteins cooked on a Brazilian grill in the Commuter Terminal means that you can put away your Trail Mix for the long run. California wines, craft beers and cocktails are also available.
Coming soon to Terminal 2 are thin-crust pies made in front of your eyes. This North County favorite offers a plethora of sassy toppings you won't find at Sbarro.
Since mid-summer, Terminal 1 visitors have been exposed to a glimpse of 30th Street's teeming pub scene, thanks to a replica of the North Park street sign hanging above a dozen taps showcasing local brewers. Burgers and pork sliders add to the pre-flight merriment.
No touchdown in San Diego feels complete unless you've wolfed down a pair of deep-fried tacos encasing that mulchy mixture of beef and soy, or a burger smeared with tangy secret sauce. The locally based fast-food chain replaces McDonald's in Terminal 1.


Different Designs in Architecture There are a lot of things about architecture design that everybody should know. You do not need to be an architecture and design student in order for you to be required in learning things like this. Architecture and architectural design are part of our everyday lives. From the smallest chip on your computers to the design of your local church. Construction of these things are impossible without architectural design. There are a lot of trends in architecture right now so choosing the best one that can suit your taste is really difficult. Nevertheless, asking for assistance from a professional architect which can give you a lot of advice and do his expert work for the design of your house or business property. Architects nowadays are very familiar to the different innovations and trends that are popular and in demand right now. However, you should be very careful in choosing an architect. You need to know that not all architects have the awareness of the new trends that are getting popular today. These architects will give you the design that you desire. They will guarantee satisfaction to you and the people around you. Additionally you should be able to know some important things about architectural design first. You should learn that there are some things that can be a factor to the whole design. Here are the most popular architectural designs that are existing nowadays. Before you hire a professional to do the architectural design for you, you must learn these things first. You must notice that most of the new architectural design in these days are featuring rooms and lobbies that are very spacious and very open. The amount of the space in the rooms are very important most especially when you are designing something that is for business. Big and open spaces means a more relaxing area to rest and will provide you with an environment that is quiet-looking and peaceful. The living room is the best area to apply this new and popular trend. If it is for the design of your business property, you can use it in your receiving area or your main office. You can also make the room bigger vertically. You can give the architect some of your instructions in order for him to do some strategic designing such as adjusting the height of the walls and the ceilings. This can make an illusion of a bigger space.
Indian agriculture is the backbone of the country. For efficient farming, Agricultural Implements are very important. Agriculture is not only limited to quality farming but has to satisfy the large market demands because of the immense increase in the population of India. Indian agriculture industry is able to cater to the needs of Indian population owing to the advanced Agricultural Implements. Agricultural Implements have high importance in Indian farming as technology has become an inseparable part of this sector.
The biggest problem in agriculture was the threat of pests. And it was really hard to control pests over vast farmed areas. But with the help of Agricultural Sprayers, pest control has become a short and easy task. And for every specific requirement there is a specific type of Agricultural Sprayer available in the market.
Harvesting was also a time taking process before the introduction of Harvesters. Different types of crops can be very efficiently cut with the use of different hi-tech Harvesters within a short time period.
Weeds always grow around and in the farm land. That is why Weeders of various types are required to keep the growth of weeds at bay. Brush Weed Cutters are widely used Agricultural Implements for the cutting of weeds.
Numerous crops are marketed in shredded form. And shredding of specific crops is best done by implements like Electric Chipper Shredder, Coconut Leaves Shredder, etc.
Tea Harvesting Machine is a special type of Agricultural Implement that is used only for farming tea. With the help of the Tea Harvesting Machine, tea farming has become quite an economic process.
In todays world, agriculture industry cannot do without the help of Advanced Agricultural Implements, if it has to match up with the international standards. Are you looking for a reliable manufacturer of Agricultural Implements? Given below is a one stop solution to your all types of needs of Agriculture Implements.
Based in Tamil Nadu, India, Maax Engineering is a leading Manufacturer, Exporter, Importer and Supplier of Agriculture Instruments .


text:
Q: How do I pass an objects attribute as a parameter? For example say I have this function using the nodes classification :
function example(){

var exampleVar = nodes.classfication;

//below i use exampleVar to do calculations
.
.
.
.
}

but say sometimes i want to get the nodes status so I do this :
function example(){

    var exampleVar = nodes.status;

    //below i use exampleVar to do calculations
    .
    .
    .
    .
    }

I dont want repeating code as (in my code) there is quite a lot of code in the function i want to reuse. So depending what I want to get out of this function ill pass it to the function like so :
function example(thisAttribute){

    var exampleVar = nodes.thisAttribute; //using the variable passed to the function

    //below i use exampleVar to do calculations
    .
    .
    .
    .
    }

This doesn't work, how do I go about passing an object attribute as a parameter to a function ? I've tried looking online but I dont think Im searching for the correct things as I can't find anything to help. Thanks in advance anyway :)

A: Use object bracket notation:
function example(thisAttribute){
  var exampleVar = nodes[thisAttribute];
}


A lot of good news to share!
Mitch Knapp took 6th place in the 182 lb. weight class this past weekend at the NYS wrestling tournament. Congrats to Mitch and his coaches, Coach Lupole and Coach Goldman.
Susquehanna Valley Sabers indoor track athletes participated in the 2019 Indoor Track Section IV Tournament that was held in mid-February at Ithaca College. Our Saber athletes turned in outstanding performances, earning them the right to participate in the NYS qualifier meet Saturday, February 23 at Cornell University.
Zach Latting took 1st place in the Weighted Throw in the State Qualifier meet Saturday, February 23 at Cornell University. His winning throw of 51ft 3in was also good enough to set a new SV school record in the event. But....he wasn't done there!! Zach also placed 5th in the shot put with a score of 43ft 1in. This distance was also good enough to break the school record in that event. Wow! Two school records in one day, not bad!!!
Esther Valentine also had a great day. Esther participated in the Weighted Throw event scoring 29ft 6 1/2in. This throw was also worthy of a new SV school record.
Congratulations to Zach and Esther and their coaches, Rick Cleary, Grace Tabeek and Alison Cass.
Congratulations to SV Junior bowler Lyndsie Jicha who qualified to represent SV and Section IV at the NYS Girls Bowling Tournament, Saturday, March 9, 9:00 a.m. at the Strike and Spare Bowling Center, Syracuse, NY. Lyndsie qualified as an alternate on the All-Star team and will only participate in the tournament if one of six team members is unable to. We applaud Lyndsie on being named one of the best 7 girls bowlers in the entire Section IV region.


text:
Bianca Lawson - Film & Theater Personalities, Timeline and Facts
Home › American › Bianca LawsonMarch 20, 1979170 views
Bianca Lawson Biography Stories
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<iframe width="360" height="600" frameborder="0" sandbox="allow-scripts" src="https://famousbio.net/embed/p2.o6v6"></iframe>
View Bianca Lawson stories
CaliforniaAmericanFilm & Theater PersonalitiesActressesPisces Celebrities
Bianca Lawson's Personal Details
Bianca Jasmine Lawson is an American film as well as television actress
Birthday March 20, 1979
Famous Film & Theater Personalities, Actresses
City/State California
Siblings Beyoncé and Solange Knowles (step-sisters), Marvin Gaye III (half-brother)
Known as Bianca Jasmine Lawson
Birth Place Los Angeles, California, United States
Father Richard Lawson
Mother Denise Gordy
Sun Sign Pisces
Born in Los Angeles, California, United States
Famous as Actress
https://twitter.com/biancalawson/
https://www.instagram.com/biancajasminelawson/
// Famous Film & Theater Personalities
Bianca Lawson's photo
Who is Bianca Lawson?
Bianca Jasmine Lawson is an American film and television actress. She is best recognized for her regular roles in the drama series 'Queen Sugar', 'Goode Behavior', 'Saved by the Bell: The New Class', 'Rogue' and 'Pretty Little Liars'. She is also known for playing recurring roles in the TV series 'Sister, Sister', 'The Steve Harvey Show', 'The Vampire Diaries', 'The Secret Life of the American Teenager', 'Witches of East End', 'Buffy the Vampire Slayer', 'Dawson's Creek' and 'Teen Wolf'. Lawson has done various acting projects on the big screen as well. Her famous movies roles were in 'Primary Colors', 'Save the Last Dance', 'Bones', 'Breakin' All the Rules' and 'Dead & Breakfast'. She has also appeared in a number of direct-to-videos and has even served as a voice actress in her entertainment career. The American star is known for providing additional voices in the video game 'Star Wars: The Old Republic'. Apart from been respected because of her acting skills, Lawson is equally adored due to her youthful looks in Hollywood.
// Famous Actresses
Bianca Lawson started acting at the age of nine by appearing in advertisements for Barbie and Revlon. She was then cast in the 1993 drama series 'Saved by the Bell: The New Class'. After this, she co-hosted 'What'z Up?' Then she played the role of Rhonda Coley in the series 'Sister, Sister'. In 1996, the actress appeared in the drama 'Goode Behavior'. A year later, she got featured in the series 'Buffy the Vampire Slayer'. Lawson then did the TV miniseries 'The Temptations' in 1998. That year, she also acted in the movie 'Primary Colors'.
A year later, in 1999, she was cast as Nikki Green in the series 'Dawson's Creek'. From 2001 to 2009, the American star did a number of small screen as well as big screen projects including movies 'Save the Last Dance', 'Bones', 'Breakin' All the Rules', 'Dead & Breakfast' and 'Broken' and dramas including 'Strong Medicine,' 'The Feast of All Saints', 'For the People', 'Haunted', 'The Big House', 'Living in TV Land' and 'The Cleaner'.
Lawson then played roles in the series 'The Secret Life of the American Teenager' and 'The Vampire Diaries' in 2009. The following year, she played the role of Maya St. Germain in the drama series 'Pretty Little Liars'. After this, she had a recurring role in 'Teen Wolf'. In 2014, Lawson was cast in the drama 'Witches of East End'. A year later, she was offered a main role in the series 'Rogue'. Then in 2016, she joined the cast of 'Queen Sugar' as a series regular.
Bianca Lawson was born as Bianca Jasmine Lawson on March 20, 1979 in Los Angeles, California, USA, to Denise Gordy and Richard Lawson. She has a half-brother named Marvin Gaye III as well as step-sisters Beyoncé and Solange Knowles. Lawson attended Marymount High School and later on studied film and psychology from University of Southern California. She also attended Stella Adler Studio of Acting.
Bianca Lawson biography timelines
// 20th Mar 1979
// Pisces Celebrities
Bianca Lawson's FAQ
What is Bianca Lawson birthday?
Bianca Lawson was born at 1979-03-20
Where is Bianca Lawson's birth place?
Bianca Lawson was born in Los Angeles, California, United States
What is Bianca Lawson nationalities?
Bianca Lawson's nationalities is American
Who is Bianca Lawson siblings?
Bianca Lawson's siblings is Beyoncé and Solange Knowles (step-sisters), Marvin Gaye III (half-brother)
What was Bianca Lawson universities?
Bianca Lawson studied at Marymount High School, University of Southern California
How tall is Bianca Lawson?
Bianca Lawson's height is 162
Who is Bianca Lawson's father?
Bianca Lawson's father is Richard Lawson
Who is Bianca Lawson's mother?
Bianca Lawson's mother is Denise Gordy
What is Bianca Lawson's sun sign?
Bianca Lawson is Pisces
How famous is Bianca Lawson?
Bianca Lawson is famouse as Actress
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Bianca Lawson's twitter is https://twitter.com/biancalawson/
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Bianca Lawson's instagram is https://www.instagram.com/biancajasminelawson/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
For Oaxacans in L.A., City Council members' racist remarks cut deep
Melissa Gomez
October 11, 2022, 8:00 AM ·5 min read
Odilia Romero is the director and co-founder of Indigenous Communities in Leadership. "It's upsetting that they're inciting hate against Black people, they're inciting hate against Indigenous people and contributing to the violence" against these groups, Romero said of racist remarks by L.A. officials. (Allison Zaucha / For The Times)
Leaders in the Oaxacan community of Los Angeles backed the call for the resignation of City Councilmember Nury Martinez and two colleagues involved in the year-old recorded conversation in which she made racist remarks about Indigenous residents with roots in the southern Mexican state.
On the steps of City Hall on Monday — coincidentally on Indigenous People's Day — Indigenous and Black leaders condemned the racist comments Martinez made during a recorded meeting with Councilmembers Kevin de León and Gil Cedillo and Los Angeles County Federation of Labor President Ron Herrera.
In the conversation last October, the councilmembers were discussing redistricting maps when they disparaged Black and Indigenous people in starkly racist terms.
All four have apologized for their comments. After Martinez resigned from her position as president of the City Council on Monday, many Oaxacans said it was not enough and continued to call for the resignation of Herrera and all three councilmembers from their seats, saying their comments were divisive and contributed to the prejudice Indigenous people face.
For Oaxacan leaders, the insults were painful but not surprising, reminiscent of the racism and colorism Indigenous people face in Latin America and the United States.
"It's upsetting that they're inciting hate against Black people, they're inciting hate against Indigenous people and contributing to the violence" against these groups, said Odilia Romero, director and co-founder of Comunidades Indígenas en Liderazgo, or Indigenous Communities in Leadership. "It's an everyday thing. I go through it every day as an Indigenous woman. My relatives go through it every single day, in different institutions in different places. But I do have to remind all of you and the politicians ... that we make this city."
Los Angeles is home to one of the largest Oaxacan communities outside of Mexico. One expert estimated that there are as many as 200,000 Zapotecs — the largest Indigenous group from Oaxaca — living in Los Angeles County. As early as the 1940s, Oaxacan immigrants came to the U.S. in search of better wages and jobs, working in agriculture through an established bracero program of seasonal migrant workers. Oaxaca is one of Mexico's poorest states, but the people have deeply influenced U.S. culture and food and shaped Los Angeles over the years.
When elected officials mock Indigenous people, Romero said, it means they are being left behind by government policies and programs despite their economic contributions.
Indigenous Oaxacans expressed frustration and anger at Martinez's comments referring to them as "little short dark people" — a racist stereotype often used to demean Indigenous communities.
"I was like, I don't know where these people are from, I don't know what village they came [from], how they got here," Martinez said, before adding "Tan feos" — "They're ugly."
Ivan Vasquez, owner of Madre!, a Oaxacan restaurant and mezcaleria, questioned whether Martinez truly understood L.A. to make such callous remarks about one of the largest Indigenous communities in the city. His aunts migrated to Los Angeles in the 1990s and he arrived when he was 16. He noted that Oaxacans can be found at Michelin-rated restaurants working in the kitchen and shaping non-Mexican cuisine.
Portrait of owner Ivan Vasquez at his restaurant Madre! in Los Angeles. (Mariah Tauger / Los Angeles Times)
"I thought we had made great progress in the last three years in gaining recognition," Vasquez said. "Many Oaxacans like me, we have businesses. We contribute to the city the same or more than other minorities and white people."
The comments, he said, reflected a lack of knowledge about L.A. Indigenous culture.
"I'm brown, I'm short, but I'm here in L.A. L.A. belongs to us," said Vasquez, who echoed the calls for resignations. "And we're not going anywhere."
Oaxacans in Mexico have long faced prejudice and struggle to be represented. After Yalitza Aparicio became the first Indigenous woman of Mexico to be nominated for an Oscar for best leading actress in the 2018 movie "Roma," she faced a wave of vitriol from other Mexican celebrities and personalities. In a society that covets whiteness and Western features, Indigenous communities have long struggled for a more visible presence and accurate representation in government and media.
Miriham Antonio, 25, who grew up in Koreatown with her Oaxacan relatives, was outraged by Martinez's rant.
"Those comments, they're about my uncles and aunts and family friends," Antonio said. "To me, it's baffling that they're representing L.A. and they don't know anything about the Oaxacan community. We're students, we're law students, we're here and we're working hard. And for them to diminish our existence in such a belittling way is insulting."
Antonio said she phone banked for De León's mayoral campaign and gifted him a traditional Oaxacan shirt in honor of her community.
"I thought he cared about our issues," Antonio said, "but it's infuriating to see that he was a part of this conversation and he didn't step up to say anything."
Bricia Lopez, co-owner of the restaurant Guelaguetza, said on Twitter that Martinez's comments about Oaxacans in Los Angeles "cut deep" especially when coming from a fellow Latina.
"I've dealt with my fair share of racism. But it's ten times worse when it comes from a brown and woman," Lopez wrote. "Girl, you gotta resign."
That sentiment was echoed by Sandra Lopez, who spent her day off at City Hall with her mother to rally support for the councilmembers to resign.
"I felt like I could identify with her," Lopez said of Martinez. Instead, she said, "her true colors came out."
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WESH - Orlando Videos


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CDP Chair Rusty Hicks: On an Island in His Own Party
Amar Shergill: How is the Chair of the Democratic Party the only leader still on record saying he does not want to count these votes?
Amar Shergill
March 1, 2021 was a great day for California Democrats but a bad day for Rusty Hicks, the Chair of the California Democratic Party (CDP). As I described in Why Aren't California Dems Counting Every Vote?, CDP Executive Board Members from across the state called for a Special Meeting to overturn Hicks' refusal to count delegate election ballots that were arriving late because of Party and USPS delays.
Sidelining ballots is anathema for a Party committed to the principle of #CountEveryVote. Thankfully, on March 1, the CDP Compliance Review Commission met virtually and arrived at a speedy, unanimous and uncontroversial decision to count every vote that was postmarked by the deadline date, even if it was delayed in arriving at the CDP offices.
How is the Chair of the Democratic Party the only leader still on record saying he does not want to count these votes?
Which raises the uncomfortable question: how is the Chair of the Democratic Party the only leader still on record saying he does not want to count these votes? To say this is out of touch is a woeful and gross understatement of the situation. Across the country, Democrats fought long and hard this past election to protect the right to vote and then to ensure the ballots were counted fairly once they were cast. Yet, here in California, our Party leader refused to use his executive power to count ballots that were in his possession but arrived 'late.'
I write 'late' in quotations above because, for many voters, it was simply impossible for the ballots to have been returned on time. The CDP sent out thousands of ballots late, moved the deadline several times to accommodate the delays but, even then, ballots continued to arrive with just days remaining to Hicks' final deadline. In short, there were a number of management failures that led to 'late' ballots but none of these issues can be ascribed to the voters in any way.
Despite the obstacles that were repeatedly brought to Hicks' attention, he refused to count the votes, and has not even taken the time to explain or justify his decision not to do so. He has gone silent on a fundamental issue of Party governance. As of the writing of this Op Ed, he remains in obstinate disagreement with the vast majority of Democrats that believe these votes should be counted.
At the very least, some words of empathy are due to the candidates who are being forced to accept their third set of 'final' election results. Excruciatingly, some may be losing a seat they believed to have been decided twice already. It should be noted that many candidates support counting the additional votes even knowing that it may cause them to lose their seats. That is the kind of commitment to democracy we need more of in the Party. These candidates deserve an apology from their Party Chair, not his purposeful silence.
An out of touch Party leader is not a new story, but it is still a disheartening one. It is clear that Chair Hicks has lost touch with grassroots Democrats and that he is letting his unwillingness to admit a mistake stand in the way of what is best for the Party. At a time when California Democrats are working hard to recover from Trump era disasters (including the COVID pandemic) and respond vigorously to the Governor Newsom recall, we need a Chair that is focused on the tasks at hand, not one that is busy dodging personal accountability.
Do better, Chair Hicks. We cannot afford behavior like this from the person responsible for leading Democrats in California.
cademCDPprogressive caucus


Today I am sharing that recipe with you. I had borrowed it from a co-dentist at my workplace. Though she had not iced it, but it was still so perfect. Awesomely chocolatey and soft.
Mix all the dry ingredients in a big bowl. Make a well in the center and add the remaining liquid ingredients to it. Mix together to form a smooth batter.
Pour in a greased and dusted baking tin and bake in a preheated oven at 180 degrees for 40-45 minutes or until a skewer inserted in it comes out clean.
Once baked, cool on the wire rack for few minutes before turning it out.
To frost it, cut the cooled cake in two layers using a sharp knife.
Pour some chocolate ganache over the bottom layer of cake and spread it well. Place the top layer of cake over it and pour the remaining ganache over it. Spread it evenly on the top and sides of the cake.
Make chocolate ganache using 350 gms of chopped dark chocolate and 200 gms of cream.
Pour hot cream over chopped chocolate. Leave it for few seconds, and then mix the melted chocolate and cream together to form smooth ganache.
I also covered the sides with loads of chocolate chips to increase the chocolateness. Chocolate Heaven!!
How delightful is the icing on this chocolate cake – am loving the M&Ms and the chocolate rolls, both personal favorites. Am going to give this a shot sooner than later!
Looks Awesome!! The pics are so tempting….. My kiddo wanted it right away..
I love coffee.. but never tried it in cakes.. will definitely try it out for my family..
It's perfect! I made this today, and it is awesome.
Yes, Neelam! Curd, yogurt and greek yogurt are all similar. You could use either of them.


text:
Q: Access the key and value of php array I have an array which is a response from a post request and i would like to access both the key and value
This is the code
$arrs = json_decode(file_get_contents('php://input'), true);
foreach($arrs as $index=>$arr){
 var_dump($arr["items"][ $index]);
   //die() to see the first response
 }

Now the above generates
array(1) {

     [11]=>string(3) "dfd"  //how do i get the 11 key

 }

I would like to get 11 and "dfd" above so that i can then use them eg
$model->username = $arr["items"][ $index]//use dfd .. so my $model->username="dfd"
$model->like = $arr["items"][ $index]//use 11 .... so my $model->like =11


The Schlesinger Library new books list is a comprehensive monthly list of published materials recently added to the library. The PDF document, which includes links to the HOLLIS Catalog, may be downloaded. Twenty titles from the list are highlighted and their book jackets displayed.
The Schlesinger Library book collections on the history of women in America include approximately 100,000 volumes, ranging from rare 16th-century texts to 21st-century titles. Historical materials include 19th century etiquette and advice books, women's rights pamphlets, literature on health and sexuality, work and family life, feminism, and the culinary arts. Contemporary titles span diverse genres from academic texts to graphic novels, zines, romances, memoirs, and LGBTQ fiction.


Anyone who's ever undertaken a house move will agree it's one of the most challenging life events, both physically and emotionally, that anyone can go through.
As hard as it might feel at the time, try to focus on the positives of what you're doing. "Embrace the change instead of focusing on the difficulty of a move," says Ms Lidbetter.
Anxiety UK advocates using mindfulness techniques to help deal with stress and anxiety. "Download the Headspace mindfulness app and just ten minutes a day, away from the move, can be beneficial," says Nicky Lidbetter.
However, she says if you start to experience symptoms such as mood swings, a racing heart and sweaty palms, and an inability to concentrate, these are signs that you may need to seek professional help to deal with your stress and anxiety levels perhaps by seeing a psychologist or a counsellor.


Roland is set to officially announce the release of further Roland Cloud instruments at NAMM 2018.
The releases will be software emulations of the famous and revered TR808 and TR909 drum machines for the Roland Cloud subscription service. Also announced will be a virtual version of SRX Orchestra instrument. These releases will be available as VST or AU plugins. According to the press release the instruments will be available February.


Download sheet music for KB including new and popular songs such as, O God Forgive Us and One Like Us. Each purchase of digital sheet music from PraiseCharts includes permission for up to 5 copies making it even easier to play and enjoy music from popular KB albums. Browse top albums, popular worship songs and all KB sheet music.


The horror of the floods may seem a distant memory, but the remedial work to stop it happening again has become a constant feature of life. At least we now know exactly what is being done, who is doing it and whhttp://www.somersetriversauthority.org.uk/at is planned to happen in the near future. The big projects, like the planned tidal barrier at the mouth of the River Parrett, will take time and a great deal of money to build. But dredging is still taking place and there are all sorts of schemes throughout the county to minimise risk and safeguard life and property – read about them all in the Rivers Authority's latest report.


Brilliance Jewels is known for going to any length to find the most one-of-a-kind pieces on Earth, traveling the world multiple times a year to find beautiful, hidden treasures. When a client steps into one of their stores, they are met with a strong sense of luxury and exclusivity, and of course, a breathtaking selection of jewelry.
This luxurious condo on the 42nd floor of the gorgeous Santa Maria on Brickell features breathtaking, unobstructed views of Biscayne Bay, the Atlantic and Miami's ever-evolving skyline.
It's an artform inextricably linked with democratic values, the plazas of South American cultural construct and a whole-hearted embrace of color and light. So it's only natural it would find a home in this, the most magical of cities. Meet a curated bunch of ace artists unafraid to tackle the challenges, joys and intrigues of the modern Miami mural — no matter what their medium of choice.
Inspired by fashion icon Diana Vreeland, we pay homage to all the creative girl-bosses out there who strive for eternal success beyond the suit.
Equal parts financial analyst and tactical trend-watcher, Chris Ferriter and the team at SoBe Promos are putting a sizzling spin on the idea of Miami-based business.
With Art Basel upon us, we asked some native Miamians one question: If you could have a private dinner with any artist, dead or alive, who would it be and why?
Competently capturing the lackadaisical livelihood of an almost extinct segment of South Beach, HistoryMiami's South Beach: 1974-1990 brings 5 photographers' experiences to life.
Regenerative Platelet Rich Plasma & Stem Cell injections can regrow ligaments, tendons, muscles and joints. These minimally invasive injections can improve performance, facilitate recovery, provide stability and even possibly prevent surgery.
Awesome in the most literal sense of the word, Kaori by Walter Martino is one fashionably fusioned eatery that everyone should experience over and over again.
Paint the town red, white, green, yellow — whatever color you prefer — and take art off the walls and into the streets in honor of Art Week and beyond.
While the home should reflect its owner no matter what the latest come-and-go trends are, we're all aware of when our abode is not the latest and greatest. But we may be trendier than we realize.
Every female executive's best friend, this classically masculine look has been drawing long stares from fashionistas around the world this season.
Potato. Pancake. Broken down word-by-word, is it any doubt that the sum of these sumptuous words would equal a food that's comforting beyond calculation? James Beard-Award Winning Cookbook Author Joan Nathan joins us to talk about faith, family and fried latkes.
Long recognizable parked behind the stick of a number of notable, nay, notorious Miami hotspots, if you haven't met JC Sanhueza of RedBar Brickell, Lutum and El Grito, you haven't been drinking enough.
Time. It's a concept that's precise explication has eluded mystics, philosophers and physicists for millennia untold. See what sage wisdom a French cellarmaster can offer on this most elusive of elemental forces.
Over the years, Freddy's has earned a well-deserved reputation as the place "Where South Florida Gets Engaged" for its large selection of GIA Certified diamonds. Eric Steinlauf is bringing young blood to this well-respected Miami institution.
Why settle for one piece of art on the wall when you can have an ever-changing gallery's worth?
The archetype of the modern watch, the Rolex Oyster Perpetual Datejust 41 is the perfect example of a truly timeless timepiece thanks to functions and aesthetics that never go out of style.
Ever eager to provide the latest and greatest for his clients, Hair By Hisham's founder wows Miami with H-Pro Extensions.
The Institute of Contemporary Art cements the Miami Design District's reputation as an unparalleled aesthetics hub.
This holiday season, why not give the gift that keeps on giving? Consider adopting one of these perfect pups from a local rescue.
We live in paradise, but did you know the color of blue in the Atlantic far differs from the powder-blue of the Indian Ocean, or the impressive cobalt of the Pacific. Herewith: A roundup of the best beaches I experienced in 2017.
The innovative Miami Design District is home to some of the city's best fashion, design, art, architecture and dining options. Hyde Midtown Suites & Residences will put residents and guests in the center of it all.
Sabal Development, the developer behind Veridian Grove, hosted a private event to unveil its new $8.2 million spec home in Miami's charming Belle Meade neighborhood.
The American Heart & American Stroke Association held its first annual South Florida Celebration of Survival Fashion Show at Gallery of Amazing Things.


text:
Woman who helped kidnap Elizabeth Smart released from prison
FILE - This April 8, 2016, file photo, provided by Utah State Prison shows Wanda Barzee. Appearing in an interview Tuesday, Sept. 18, 2018, on "CBS This Morning," Elizabeth Smart said she believes Barzee remains a danger. Barzee is expected to be freed Wednesday after 15 years in custody because Utah authorities had miscalculated the amount of time the woman should serve. (Utah State Prison via AP, File)
A woman who helped kidnap Elizabeth Smart and stood by as the Utah girl was sexually assaulted was released from prison Wednesday amid concerns that she remains a threat 15 years after the chilling crime.
Wanda Barzee, 72, quietly left the state prison in the Salt Lake City suburb of Draper, avoiding a throng of reporters gathered outside.
Court documents say she will stay in unspecified emergency housing chosen by her probation officer until another home is approved.
Barzee's release followed a surprise announcement last week that Utah authorities had miscalculated her sentence and she would be freed about six years earlier than expected.
Under the terms of her release, Barzee must undergo mental health treatment and not contact Smart and her family.
"I'm not going to let these people, this woman, stop me from living the life I want to live," Smart said in a speech Wednesday night at Lock Haven University, without mentioning Barzee by name.
FILE – In this Sept. 13, 2018, file photo, Elizabeth Smart arrives for a news conference in Salt Lake City. Smart says she's been "reassured" the woman who helped kidnap her when she was 14 and stood by as she was sexually assaulted will be watched when she's released from prison. Appearing in an interview Tuesday, Sept. 18, on "CBS This Morning," Smart said she believes Wanda Barzee remains a danger. (AP Photo/Rick Bowmer, File)
She said it was "a statement in my moving forward" that she was able to come to the college to speak about sexual violence.
Smart, now a 30-year-old mother, speaker and activist, has said she was shocked and disappointed by the announcement of Barzee's release.
"The past few weeks have been an absolute roller coaster of emotion," Smart said Wednesday. "I so appreciate everyone's comments of love and support and outrage. It's made a really big difference to me personally."
During her speech, Smart recalled some of the horrors she experienced as a 14-year-old when she was snatched from her Salt Lake City home in 2002 by Barzee's then-husband, street preacher Brian David Mitchell.
Smart said last week that Barzee saw her as a slave during the nine months she was held by the couple and encouraged Mitchell to rape her.
The gate of the Timpanogos Women's Facility is shown at the Utah Department of Corrections Wednesday, Sept. 19, 2018, in Draper, Utah. Wanda Barzee, a woman who helped kidnap Elizabeth Smart when she was a teenager and stood by as the girl was sexually assaulted was released from prison Wednesday after 15 years in custody. Barzee, 72, left the Utah state prison in the Salt Lake City suburb of Draper, spokeswoman Kaitlin Felsted said in a statement that did not provide details about Barzee's destination. (AP Photo/Rick Bowmer)
"So do I believe she's dangerous? Yes," Smart said.
Barzee's attorney Scott Williams said there's no reliable evidence that his client remains a threat to anyone.
"It is unfair and counterproductive," Williams told reporters, adding that Barzee wants to be left alone and will comply with the conditions of her supervised release.
He said he's concerned about her safety but did not elaborate.
Ed Smart, the victim's father, said he's glad Barzee will be watched over closely by federal agents during her five years of supervised release, but he's concerned about reports that she still believes Mitchell's ideas.
The Timpanogos Women's Facility is shown at the Utah Department of Corrections Wednesday, Sept. 19, 2018, in Draper, Utah. Wanda Barzee, a woman who helped kidnap Elizabeth Smart when she was a teenager and stood by as the girl was sexually assaulted was released from prison Wednesday after 15 years in custody. Barzee, 72, left the Utah state prison in the Salt Lake City suburb of Draper, spokeswoman Kaitlin Felsted said in a statement that did not provide details about Barzee's destination. (AP Photo/Rick Bowmer)
Aiding Mitchell in following his so-called "divine revelations" prompted Barzee to help him kidnap Elizabeth Smart and even sit next to her as Mitchell raped her, Ed Smart said.
"My hope is that she won't be a problem," he said of Barzee. "I do know how she treated Elizabeth during that time, and I still feel like she's very capable of doing the same thing."
Smart was found in captivity while walking with Barzee and Mitchell on a street in suburban Sandy by people who recognized the abductors from media reports. Mitchell is serving a life sentence after being convicted of kidnapping and rape.
As another condition of her release, Barzee was placed on the Utah sex offender registry, but her address was still listed online Wednesday as the Utah prison. Her mug shot on the registry shows her with a wide smile, blue eyes and chin-length gray hair.
She's also voluntarily agreed to stay away from places frequented by the Smart family, Williams said.
Correctional officers gather outside a gate at the Utah State Correctional Facility Wednesday, Sept. 19, 2018, in Draper, Utah. Wanda Barzee, a woman who helped kidnap Elizabeth Smart when she was a teenager and stood by as the girl was sexually assaulted, was released from prison Wednesday after 15 years in custody. Barzee, 72, left the Utah state prison in the Salt Lake City suburb of Draper, spokeswoman Kaitlin Felsted said in a statement that did not provide details about Barzee's destination. (AP Photo/Rick Bowmer)
Barzee could be returned to prison if she violates the terms of her release.
Barzee's niece Tina Mace has said her aunt's testimony against Mitchell seemed like a turning point, but her mental state appears to have changed in prison. Mace said she's unaware of any family members who would give Barzee a place to live.
Barzee was treated at Utah State Hospital for about five years following her arrest. She testified in 2010 against Mitchell and was given a plea deal on state and federal charges. She was transferred to the Utah prison in 2016 after finishing a federal sentence in Texas.
The Utah Board of Pardons and Parole initially set a 2024 release date. Her attorney questioned whether the term included time Barzee had served in a federal prison. The board decided last week that she had served her sentence.
Tags:Crime Utah Elizabeth Smart Salt Lake City Categories: U.S.
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text:
/**
 * @author mikael emtinger / http://gomo.se/
 * @author alteredq / http://alteredqualia.com/
 * @author mrdoob / http://mrdoob.com/
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THREE.LOD.prototype = Object.create( THREE.Object3D.prototype );
THREE.LOD.prototype.constructor = THREE.LOD;

THREE.LOD.prototype.addLevel = function ( object, distance ) {

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	distance = Math.abs( distance );

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};


It is summer and everybody is enjoying the lovely summer feeling they get from eating watermelon, pineapple, and strawberries. But what about the diabetics?
People who suffer from diabetes are often warned to stay away from all kinds of sugar, except for the ones in fruit, namely fructose. This is because fructose is an unrefined sugar. It is believed to be much better for you when compared to the refined sugars (sucrose) found in things like candy and soft drinks.
So we can eat as much fructose as we want to?
Not quite… While fructose is recommended to diabetics due to its ability to raise blood sugar levels much more gradually instead of the sugar spike seen from foods with sucrose, too much of it can also spell disaster.
Just because something says "fructose" on it doesn't mean it is good for your health. A great instance of this is "high fructose corn syrup". This stuff is loaded with fructose, but this means that it is at such a great concentration per amount you eat that at the end of the day it is just as bad, if not worse, than refined sugar.
Also be wary of fruit juices. Even though they are made up of actual fruit, they may often contain much more sugar than the fruit themselves per serving. Look at the example of orange juice – you have to squeeze far more than just one orange to get a glass of orange juice.
It is also due to the fact that fruits are high in fibre, which helps to slow down the absorption of the sugar into your bloodstream.
The best is to stick to fructose in its natural form.
This is a condition where a person's body does not properly digest fructose, and they end up having side effects like bloating, gas, and diarrhoea. This is most common amongst people who suffer from diabetes, so it is important to keep an eye on all sugars you consume – fructose or not!
Whether fructose, glucose, sucrose or any other type of sugar, always take the Manna Blood Sugar Support supplement with your food and drink to retard the uptake of any type of sugar from the food or drink to the bloodstream, without any side effects.


Most of my time is spent working on a project for the UNDP, developing new social and environmental performance indicators for the new EU Member States, both the countries themselves and the companies within them. In my field, tasks do not come much more interesting than that.
We are moving to nice new offices down by the Thames, at Embankment. As part of the new decor, everyone has been asked to commission a painting of their favourite spot(s) in London. Some of them have already started appearing on the artist's blog. My choice? The South Bank Skate Park.
…from a lovely walk in Hampstead Heath. London is feeling more and more like home.
Ever wondered why this blog is called burn?
[…] I shambled after as usual as I've been doing all my life after people that interest me, because the only people that interest me are the mad ones, the ones that never yearn or say a commonplace thing … but burn, burn, burn, burn like roman candles across the night.
Naive bordering tacky, yes – but there you have it.
This weekend I followed in the footsteps of many a great poet and went to the countryside. Not just any place in the countryside, but to a site so unique and beautiful that I better keep it a secret. The place was a favourite of Arthur Conan Doyle and W. B. Yeats, and the movie adaption of Pride and Prejudice was shot here.
As a foreigner, I plead guilty to complaining a lot about the standard of living and quality of life on this island, especially in London. BUT, there is no use in denying that English gardens and manor houses are made of the same stuff as dreams. Unfortunately, pictures cannot convey that message.
Who said there is no such thing as German humour?
Ever wondered what idiocy in its purest form looks like?
Here is a serious contender.
PS. It is a little odd – not necessarily good or bad, just odd – that 'German humour' has such a long entry on wikipedia.
I normally do not post random clips, but I would so much rather be there than here right now. (I am, of course, only saying this because I am chained to my desk).
…is making pancakes for breakfast and realising at 10.50pm that you are still wearing an apron.


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Home/Sports/Manchester United fall to last-place Sheffield
Manchester United fall to last-place Sheffield
Online News EditorJanuary 27, 2021
Sports Desk, Jan 27 (efe-epa).- Sheffield United pulled off a stunning 1-2 upset of Manchester United on Wednesday as the Red Devils were poised to overtake cross-town rivals City atop the Premier League.
The Blades first victory at Old Trafford since 1973 was only their second in the Premier League more than half-way through the season.
For Man United, it was the end of an unbeaten streak that began Nov. 1.
Sheffield took the lead in the 23rd minute from a corner. Two attacking players delayed David De Gea long enough to allow Kean Bryan to beat the Manchester goalkeeper to the ball and head it in. Anthony Martial responded for the hosts seven minutes later, but the goal was disallowed for a foul by Harry Maguire on Blades keeper Aaron Ramsdale.
The Red Devils drew even in the 64th minute with a Maguire header off a corner and the stage was set for a classic Old Trafford comeback.
Instead, the hosts conceded a second goal just 10 minutes later. Martial lost possession and Sheffield's John Lundstram got the ball to late sub Oliver Burke.
While Burke's first effort was turned aside, he ended up with the ball again and his shot took deflected off Manchester's Axel Tuanzebe past De Gea.
The Blades hung on to claim all 3 points and are now 10 points from safety.
Manchester United stay in second place, a point behind City and 1 point better than Leicester City, who drew 1-1 with Everton on Wednesday.
James Rodriguez put the Toffees up at the half-hour mark with a strike that ricocheted off the post and into Kasper Schmeichel's goal.
Everton retreated after the Colombian international's fourth goal of the season, allowing the Foxes to dominate possession from then on.
The hosts withstood the pressure until the 67th minute, when Youri Tielemans delivered a low blast that beat keeper Jordan Pickford.
Andre Gomes, Dominic Calvert-Lewin and Richarlison all had chances to win it for Everton, but failed to execute and the teams split the points.
The Toffees remain seventh in the table with 33 points.
Wednesday also saw Thomas Tuchel's reign as Chelsea manager get under way with a 0-0 draw against Wolverhampton.
The German, who only arrived in London on Tuesday, left Timo Werner, Mason Mount and Tammy Abraham on the bench in favor of a lineup featured more experienced players such as Cesar Azpilicueta and Olivier Giroud.
The hosts had 79 percent possession at Stamford Bridge, putting five shots on target to none for Wolves.
Keeper Rui Patricio denied Antonio Rüdiger and Callum Hudson-Odoi, while Willian Jose – acquired by Wolverhampton for his scoring prowess – blocked a dangerous strike from Kai Havertz in stoppage time to preserve the point for his team.
The closest the visitors came to scoring was an effort by Pedro Neto that went over the cross-bar.
A scoreless draw was certainly not what Chelsea management would have hoped to see after angering supporters Monday with the firing of club legend Frank Lampard as coach after some 19 months in the job.
EFE PREMIER LEAGUE
Piqué in spotlight for multi-million-euro Saudi commission


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Aloo Paratha Took This Roadie From Fat To Fit
Henna Achhpal
Preeti will do anything for her favourite aloo paratha, even if it means giving up on being a couch potato
When you're planning to get fit, a diet of aloo parathas will most likely be on your foods to avoid list but for Preeti Kuntal, it's this classic delicacy that set her on the path to becoming an athlete. "My mother's aloo paratha changed my life," she says, on being asked why she chose to nominate this particular dish for Amma Superstar, the latest show on Living Foodz which airs every Tuesday and Wednesday at 2.30 pm.
The self-confessed "big foodie" has been passionate about food from a young age but the passion didn't extend to maintaining a healthy lifestyle. "I used to be quite fat when I was a teenager," she says. While her father came from an army background and the rest of her immediate family too followed a disciplined routine of morning walks, the 25-year-old says she was a nonchalant "couch potato". "The physical activity in my life was zero," she says.
Describing her love for her mother's aloo paratha, Preeti says, "I didn't need an alarm to wake up in the morning." The whiff of aloo parathas cooking in the kitchen of her Mathura home was enough to rouse her out of sleep. "I used to eat at least five to six parathas daily at that time. My weakness for aloo parathas was such that often I missed the school bus."
The tipping point came when engrossed in her breakfast of aloo parathas, Preeti skipped appearing for her pre-board exams. Her mother would have no more of it. Determined to get Preeti to change her ways, her mother, Indra, gave her an ultimatum. "She told me that if I didn't start some form of exercise, she would not make aloo paratha for me anymore."
The condition was aloo paratha once a week only if Preeti developed the habit of some physical activity. "Or else not even that," she recollects the words that filled terror in the teenage Preeti. She describes the time as nothing short of "torturous".
With the weekly feast of her favourite aloo paratha motivating her, Preeti began her journey towards a fit lifestyle. "Initially I was forced into sports but gradually I started enjoying it." In no time, Preeti was appointed the sports captain of her school and went on to play volleyball at the state-level. When she moved to Delhi for further studies, she joined a gym. Preeti was then initiated into powerlifting and went on to bag a gold medal at the Delhi state powerlifting championship. "Once I got the kick, I never left it," says Preeti, whose latest achievement is getting selected for Roadies Xtreme. "My mother introduced me to the real me," she says. "If my mother didn't motivate me with 'mere aloo ke parathe', I wouldn't have been where I am today."
She may have adopted a healthier lifestyle but Preeti's original love for aloo paratha remains. It's been nine years since she moved out of her hometown but even now when her mother visits, aloo paratha is the first thing she makes for Preeti, no questions asked. Of course, she learnt to make them herself too. "My mother says I make them so good that I could give her competition," she laughs.
"They called me the brand ambassador of aloo paratha on the show," says Preeti, talking about her experience of being on the set of Amma Superstar. "It didn't feel like I was on the set of a TV show. It felt like I had gone over to a close friend's home. We chatted and then went to the kitchen to make some aloo parathas." It was an emotional moment for the mother-daughter duo to share their story on camera. "To be on such a platform and talk about how her daughter overcame her weaknesses is something my mother had never imagined. She was a mix of nervous, excited and proud," says Preeti.
Join Preeti, Indra and Chef Pallavi Nigam Sahay as they cook and chat about the special aloo paratha and much more on Amma Superstar. Watch Amma Superstar every Tuesday and Wednesday at 2.30 pm andCatch the repeat telecast every Tuesday and Wednesday at 5 pm and 8 pm.
To feed your hunger for more
Her Mom's Kadhi Chawal is a Hit On This Actor's Set
Catch the mother-daughter duo make the recipe on Amma Superstar
Do You Have What It Takes To Be A Kitchen Superhero?
Your favourite place in the world is the kitchen and you're happiest around hungry people!


MV Addiction is owned, operated and skippered by surfers, for surfers! They offer you guided surfing charters to the Mentawai Islands and North Sumatra giving you all the opportunity in the world to surf the kinds of waves you want.
MV Addiction is capable of 28 knots and for you that means more surf time. If you wake up in the morning and the swell has dropped you don't have to travel most of the day at 10 knots to get to a new break. Before you've finished breakfast, the crew will have you on a new wave picking up swell from the other direction.
Tons of space on-board - 24 metres long and 8 metres across the beam means that this vessel is amongst the largest vessels in the Mentawai's. There are 5 guest cabins on-board each with a double bed and single bunk, a large gourmet galley, dinner seating for 12 and a saloon/lounge area to die for. There are also 2 large outdoor lounge and dining areas to just kick back and watch the surf, or enjoy dinner as the sun goes down! Most importantly - board storage - there's rack space on-board for up to 40 boards and that's in the shade!
MV Addiction is a commercially constructed catamaran and has all the safety features to go with it. Unlike most others we have no accommodation in the hulls of the boat (the hulls are set up as watertight bulkhead compartments that offer maximum protection in the unlikely event of a hull breach). The engine rooms are fitted with air cut off switches and a CO2 fire suppression system. The safety of our passengers and crew are all the more important to us because of the remote areas in which we operate.
Board storage up to 40 boards!
Gourmet healthy meals are served 3 times a day on-board M.V. Addiction - you are guaranteed never to go hungry! Snacks and fruit are also provided for you throughout the day, should you feel a little peckish!
Andy, your chef is experienced in all types of western food, and Asian-fusion type cuisine, and Tony can whip you up some Indonesian if you so desire! And of course, any special meal request can always be catered for!!
There is an Extra Fuel Surcharge per trip for extended charters north divided amongst those on charter ** Surcharge is based on today's fuels prices, MV Addiction reserves the right to increase the fuel levy if the price of fuel increases.


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Pieter M. Judson (* 1956, Utrecht, Nizozemsko) je americký historik.

Životopis
Pieter Judson vystudoval Swarthmore College, kde získal titul bakaláře. Později studoval na Columbia University, kde získal doktorát. mezi léty 1993–2014 působil na Swarthmore College. Od roku 2014 pracuje na European University Institute ve Florencii, kde vede katedru historie a civilizace. Kromě angličtiny ovládá i němčinu, francouzštinu, nizozemštinu a italštinu. Věnuje se mj. dějinám střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy, nacionalismu, komparativními výzkumu říší, genderu a sexualitě.

Dílo
 Exclusive revolutionaries: liberal politics, social experience, and national identity in the Austrian Empire, 1848-1914. Ann Arbor 1996.
 Wien brennt!: Die Revolution von 1848 und ihr liberales Erbe. Wien 1998.
 (s dalšími autory:) Constructing nationalities in East Central Europe. New York 2005.
 Guardians of the nation: activists on the language frontiers of imperial Austria. Cambridge 2008.
 The Habsburg empire: a new history. Cambridge, Massachusetts 2016.

Odkazy

Reference

Externí odkazy

 Pieter Judson – European University Institute

Američtí historikové
Narození v Utrechtu
Narození v roce 1956
Žijící lidé
Muži

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The Heriot-Watt email system will no longer allow the distribution of zipped email attachments containing .exe .vbs or .scr files (attachments will be removed from messages).
These file types are considered high risk as they are often used by spammers and phishers to distribute viruses and malware by email.
This change will come into effect w/c 8th June 2015.
If you have any queries regarding this change please contact the IT Helpdesk (ITHelp@hw.ac.uk).


text:
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How Relay Works – Different Types of Relays
9 December 2022 20 September 2022 by Electro Gadget
Every electronics hobbyist has used relays at some point. There are so many different types of relays available in the market. But choosing the right relay for a particular project is important.
Then an interesting question arises how can these "Relays" work? Well, you are arriving at the right article, where you will learn in detail about these relays working principles. And lastly, we will also build a relay module and interface Arduino with it.
What is a Relay?
Why Do We Use Relay?
Basic Sections of an Electromechanical Relay
Components Required
How Does an Electromechanical Relay Work?
How Does Solid State Relay (SSR) Work?
Types of Relays
Normally Open Relays
Normally Closed Relays
Double or Single Pole
Double or Single Throw Relays
Double Pole, Double Throw Relay
Suppressor Diodes (Flywheel Diodes)
A relay is an automatic switch, which can sense automatically and operate itself. Generally, it uses an electromagnetic field for its operation. But in recent times there is a newer version available which has an electronics mechanism such that a solid state relay.
Relay is used in all our essential projects to control a load using a low-power signal, or several circuits must be controlled by a single signal. Relays ensure complete electrical isolation between the controlling and controlled circuits.
It is similar to a transformer as it also reduces the current flow through the primary control switch, a relatively low amperage switch. The difference is that in the case of a transformer it is a secondary coil and in the case of a relay it is the primary coil. It is used to turn on or off a much higher capacity load for both AC and DC loads. We'll discuss an example using Arduino later in this article.
There are two basic parts that make this relay work.
The main function of the primary part is to provide the control signal to operate the relay. The primary mechanical circuit is generally connected to a low-voltage DC signal. This could be controlled by some sensors or manual switches.
The secondary part contains the AC or DC load that must be controlled. When we talk about a load, we mean any device (depending on the relay specified amperage) that is a fan, water pump, high-wattage compressor or even a small light bulb.
On the primary side, there is an electromagnetic coil which generates an electromagnetic field when the current passes through a wire. When the wire is wrapped into a coil, the electromagnetic field of each wire forms up together to create a larger and stronger electromagnetic field. It will be further controlled by simply controlling the current that passes through it.
At the end of the electromagnet, we find the armature. This is a small component inside the relay which is attached. When the electromagnet energises, it attracts the armature. When the electromagnet is de-energised, the armature returns to its first position. Basically, a small spring is used for doing this operation.
1N4007 PN Diode
BC547 NPN Transistor
1KΩ Resistor
100Ω Resistor (x2)
Red LED
3 Pin Connector (x2)
5 Volt Power Supply
Veroboard
After designing the schematic diagram of the Relay Module, the assembled components and wiring are too clumsy and looked unprofessional. In fact, the wiring also has a chance of loose connection. Then I realised that we need to design the whole system small so that it will fit on a small board. To give it a clean and professional look I decided to build its PCB prototype using EasyEDA software as it is so simple to use. Now come to the main part, where we need to order our PCB prototype. I always prefer PCBWay for their quality assurance, fastest delivery and also for 24/7 customer support.
Download Gerber File
You can view the Gerber file here Gerber File Viewer.
PCB View
Why I Choose PCBWay as My First Preference?
I've done several runs with PCBWay and am happy with the results, it's good quality. The etching, solder mask, and hole sizes are all done well and that is what matters to me. It takes a few hours for a design to get approved and then a couple of days to finish and ship. With more than a decade in the field of PCB prototypes and fabrication, PCBWay has proved its assurance from time to time. They always look at the needs of the customer from different regions in terms of quality, on-time delivery, cost-effectiveness and any other demanding requests.
These PCBs were manufactured by PCBWay and the finish quality really impressive, especially with the gold finish path. If you want to finish your product faster you could also ask PCBWay to make a panelized order where you receive multiple PCBs in a single panel. With this, you will also receive SMT Stencil from PCBWay, saving you time and effort. All the orders are high quality and could select a lot of settings such as thickness, flexible PCB, the colour of the solder masks, the number of layers, material, surface finish and more.
Guide for Ordering PCB from PC
Here are the basic two types of relays, the normally open and normally closed types. There are some more relays, we'll look at those later.
Coming to the normally open (NO) type, no current flows through the secondary circuit, so the load is off. However, when a current is passed through the primary part, a magnetic field is generated in the electromagnet. This magnetic field attracts the armature and pulls the moveable contactor until it touches the secondary part. This method closed the circuit and provides electricity to the load.
About the normally closed (NC) type, the secondary part is normally complete and so the current already passes through the load. When a current is passed through the primary circuit, the electromagnetic field causes the armature to push away which disconnects the contactor and breaks the circuit, this cuts the supply of electricity to the load.
The operation of Solid State Relays or SSRs is similar in principle, but unlike electromechanical relays, it has no moving parts. The solid-state relay uses the electrical and optical properties of solid-state semiconductors to perform its input and output isolation as well as switching functions.
With this type of device, we find an LED light on the primary side, instead of an electromagnet. The LED provides optical coupling by shining a beam of light across a gap and into the receiver of an adjacent photo-sensitive transistor. We control the operation of this type by simply turning the LED on and off.
The phototransistor acts something like an insulator and doesn't allow current to flow unless it is exposed to light. Inside the phototransistor, we have different layers of semiconductor materials. There are N-type and P-type, which are sandwiched together. The N-type and P-type are both made from silicon but they have each been mixed with other materials to change their electrical properties. The N-type has been mixed with a material that gives it lots of extra and unneeded electrons, which are free to move around to other atoms. The P-type has been mixed with a material that has fewer electrons, so this side has lots of empty space which electrons can move to.
To overcome this, we can use something like a diode to suppress this. The diode only allows current to flow in one direction, so in normal operation, the current flows to the coil. But, when we cut the power, the back EMF is going to push the electrons and so the diode will now provide a path for the coil to dissipate its energy safely so that it doesn't damage our circuits.
When the materials are joined together, an electrical barrier develops and prevents the electrons from flowing.
However, when the LED is turned on, it will emit another particle known as a photon. The photon hits the P-type material and knocks the electrons, pushing them across the barrier and into the N-type material. The electrons at the first barrier will now be able to also make the jump and so a current is developed. Once the LED is turned off, the photons stop knocking electrons across the barrier and so the current in the secondary side stops.
So, we can control the secondary circuit just by using a beam of light.
There are many types of relays, we're going to consider a few of the main ones as well as some simple examples of how they are used.
As we have seen earlier in this article, we have the simple normally open relay. This means the load of the secondary side is off until the circuit is complete on the primary. We can use this for example to control a fan by using a bimetallic strip as a switch on the primary side. The bimetallic strip will bend as it increases in temperature, at a certain temperature it will complete the circuit and turn the fan on to provide some cooling.
We also have a normally closed relay. This means the load on the secondary side is normally on. We could for example control a simple pump system to maintain a certain water level in the storage tank. When the water level is low, the pump is on. But, once it reaches the limit we require, it completes the primary circuit and pulls the contactor away, which cuts the power to the pump.
In a standard, normally open, relay, once the primary circuit is de-energised, the electromagnetic field disappears and the spring pulls the contactor back to its original position. Sometimes, we want the secondary circuit to remain live after the primary circuit is opened. For that, we can use a latching relay.
For example, when we press the call button on an elevator, we want the light on the button to remain on, so that the user knows the elevator is coming. So, we can use Latching Relays to do this. There are many different designs for this type of relay, but in this simplified example, we have 3 separate circuits and a piston which sits between them. The first circuit is the call button. The second is the lamp and the third is the reset circuit.
When the call button is pressed, it completes the circuit and powers the electromagnet, this pulls the piston and completes the circuit to turn the lamp on. A signal is also sent to the elevator controller to send the elevator down. The button is released, which cuts the power to the initial circuit, but as the piston isn't spring-loaded, it stays in position and the lamp remains on.
Once the elevator car reaches the lower floor, it makes contact with the off switch. This powers the second electromagnet and pulls the piston away, cutting the power to the lamp.
Latching relays, therefore, offer the benefit of having positional 'memory'. Once activated, they will remain in their last position without the need for any further input or current.
Relays can have single or double poles. The term Pole refers to the number of contacts switched when the relay is energised. This allows more than one secondary circuit to be energised from a single primary circuit.
We could, for example, use a double pole relay to control a cooling fan and also a warning light. Both the fan and lamp are normally off, but when the bimetallic strip on the primary circuit gets too hot, it bends to complete the circuit. This creates an electromagnetic field and closes both contactors on the secondary side, this provides power to the cooling fan as well as the warning light.
When dealing with relays, you will often hear the term "throws". This refers to the number of contacts or connection points. A double-throw relay combines a normally open and normally closed circuit. A double throw relay is also called a changeover relay, as it alternates, or changes, between two secondary circuits.
In this example, when the primary circuit is open, the spring on the secondary side pulls the contactor to terminal B, powering the lamp. The fan remains off because the circuit is not complete.
When the primary side is energised, the electromagnet pulls the contactor to terminal A and diverts the electricity, powering the fan and turning the lamp off. So, we can use this type of relay to control different circuits depending on an event.
A double pole, double throw relay or DPDT is used to control 2 states on 2 separate circuits.
Here we can see a DPDT relay. when the primary circuit is not complete, terminals T1 and T2 are connected to terminals B and D respectively. The red LED and the indicator light are energised.
When the primary circuit is closed then T1 and T2 connect to terminals A and C, the fan turns on and the green LED is energised.
Something we need to consider when working with electromagnets is the back EMF or electromotive force. When we power the coil, the electromagnetic field builds up to a maximum point, the magnetic field is storing energy. When we cut the power, the electromagnetic field collapses and releases this stored energy very quickly, this collapsing field continues to push the electrons, which is why we get the back EMF. This isn't a good thing because it can produce very large voltage spikes which damage our circuits.
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