Spokane Fire Station No. 3, now home to Spokane Public Radio, underwent a $3.5M renovation using the Historic Tax Credit.
Photo by Don Hamilton, Hamilton Photography Studio.
The Ellensburg Elks Building is now an event venue and office space in downtown Ellensburg after undergoing a $990K renovation using Historic Tax Credits.
The Publix Hotel in Seattle's Chinatown-International District is a mixed-use/mixed income development after a $24M renovation.
The 1928 City Ramp Garage, Spokane's first purpose-built parking garage, utilized the Historic Tax Credit in 2014 for a $3M renovation.
Give the Historic Tax Credit a boost!
The Federal Historic Tax Credit (HTC) is one of our most powerful preservation tools, providing owners of historic buildings with an incentive to invest in the rehabilitation of their properties. Over 20 cities and towns in Washington State have benefited from this program in the last 15 years and more upcoming projects are relying on the HTC.
Throughout 2017, the Washington Trust and our partners worked hard to ensure the HTC survived the tax reform process. While the 20 percent credit was maintained in the final tax reform bill, the program was modified, requiring the credit to be taken over 5 years. This reduces the overall value and impact of the HTC.
In June, Representatives LaHood (R-IL) and Blumenauer (D-OR), along with Senators Cassidy (R-LA) and Cardin (D-MD), introduced the Historic Tax Credit Enhancement Act (H.R. 6081 and S. 3058) to allow property owners to claim their credit in the first year. Enacting this legislation will strengthen the credit for building owners who are revitalizing historic properties in communities nationwide (or thinking about it!) and improve how the credit pairs with other economic development programs.
TAKE ACTION! As the 115th Congress winds down, please reach out to your Members of Congress and ask legislators to include the Historic Tax Credit Enhancement Act bill in year-end legislation!
The Federal Historic Tax Credit (HTC) provides owners of historic buildings with an incentive to invest in the difficult task of rehabilitating their properties according to the Secretary of Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation.
While the 20 percent historic tax credit was maintained in the final tax reform bill, it was modified, reducing the amount of reinvestment flowing into our historic communities and neighborhoods.
Presently, the tax code requires that building owners subtract the amount of HTCs from a building's basis (the amount a property is worth for tax purposes). Eliminating this requirement will increase the basis of rehabilitated historic buildings for building owners, provide additional tax benefits, and attract more capital from tax credit investors. Rep. LaHood (R-IL), Rep. Blumenauer (D-OR), Sen. Cassidy (R-LA), and Sen. Cardin (D-MD) have introduced the Historic Tax Credit Enhancement Act (H.R. 6081 and S. 3058) to eliminate the basis adjustment for federal HTC transactions.
This legislative change would preserve the vast majority of savings achieved by the Tax Cut and Jobs Act and bring the HTC in line with the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit, which does not require a basis adjustment.
Enacting this legislation will strengthen the credit and improve the incentive for building owners who are revitalizing historic properties in communities nationwide and improve how the credit pairs with other economic development programs such as the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit and new Opportunity Zone incentive.
Please co-sponsor the Historic Tax Credit Enhancement Act, sponsored by Cassidy/Cardin in the Senate (S. 3058) and LaHood/Blumenauer in the House (H.R. 6081) and support including this bill in year-end legislation.
Thank you for helping to save the Federal Historic Tax Credit in 2017!
Stirrings over tax reform have been rumbling through Washington, DC for several years, but in 2017, Congress began to seriously dive into legislative efforts to overhaul the nation's tax code. To the alarm of preservationists across the country, the "blueprint" for national tax reform called for repeal of the Federal Historic Tax Credit, or HTC. Established over 40 years ago, the HTC encourages owners of historic buildings to engage in rehabilitation activities in exchange for credit against their federal income tax. The program is widely touted as being the most effective tool for private investment in historic properties nationwide, attracting over $131 billion in private capital since inception.
Fear became reality when the tax plan passed by the House of Representatives in November failed to retain the HTC. Preservationists mobilized, engaging in a nationwide effort to educate legislators on the economic power and cultural importance of the program. Thankfully, the Senate's version of the tax reform bill passed in December included the HTC and through the heroic national effort put forth by preservation advocates, the HTC survived in the final tax bill signed into law on December 22, 2017.
In Washington State alone, there are over 40 rehabilitation projects representing $900 million in capital investment that have recently been completed or are currently under way, including the Elks Building in Wenatchee, the Publix Hotel in Seattle's International District, and Cheney High School in Cheney, and many of these projects would not have occurred without the HTC. The Washington Trust is proud of our role in galvanizing support among our constituents to save this program and we are indebted to our colleagues at the Washington State Department of Archaeology & Historic Preservation for providing critical data on tax credit projects and helping to educate policymakers.
We are also grateful to our entire Washington State congressional delegation, especially Representatives Dave Reichert and Suzan DelBene, both of whom serve on the Tax Policy Subcommittee of the House Ways & Means Committee; and to Senators Maria Cantwell and Patty Murray, both of whom served on the Joint Congressional Committee established to resolve differences on tax reform. While the bill ultimately passed along a party-line vote, Washington's congressional delegation on both sides of the aisle understood the importance of this program..
The Federal Historic Tax Credit has created more than 2.4 million jobs and leveraged $117 billion in private investment.
The Historic Tax Credit has returned $1.25 for every $1 invested.
In Washington alone, the Historic Tax Credit has made 28 projects possible since 2012, totaling $291 million in direct rehabilitation investment.
The Federal Historic Tax Credit program is essential. It is often the difference between projects getting done or being stalled.


We warmly welcome two Turners Falls photographers, Collin Chmielowiec and Josh Allen, who were both technically trained at the Hallmark Institute of Photography, as our Guest Wall Artists for the month of March! Please stop by and enjoy their art through the end of the month, as well as an opening reception on Sunday, March 8th!
Conceptual/Landscapes. Photography of Collin Chmielowiec and Josh Allen. Opening Reception Sunday, March 8th, 2 p.m. to 4 p.m. Collin, originally from Arizona, and Josh, a native of Ohio, are both technically trained at the Hallmark Institute of Photography in Turners Falls. They have returned to Western Massachusetts to showcase new work. Their pieces at the gallery will be a mix of conceptual, food and landscape photography sure to invoke thoughtful admiration.


August 18th, 2015 -- On the Road Collaborative is proud to announce the hiring of Deanna Reed for the position of Program Director. Deanna will lead the organization through the the launch of it's inaugural youth empowerment program at Skyline Middle School (Harrisonburg) during the 2015-2016 school year. This is the first hire for On the Road Collaborative.
In the role of Program Director, Deanna will serve as the leader of On the Road Collaborative's new out-of-school time program at Skyline Middle School, which will connect upwards of 100 youth (grades 5-8) to academic coaching, career-based enrichment learning, and caring adult relationships, primarily during the after school hours. Deanna will be responsible for ensuring program excellence and delivering positive results for the young people and families served. She will oversee a educational team of upwards of 10 part-time Team Leaders and a network of more than 50 adult volunteers.
"I am looking forward to my new role as Program Director of On the Road Collaborative. I am excited to have the opportunity to empower young people and provide opportunities for youth to succeed academically, develop as leaders and fulfill their promise," says Deanna Reed.
In addition to the hire of Deanna Reed, On the Road Collaborative is hiring part-time After School Team Leaders for the upcoming year. Team Leaders serve as the primary educational team for it's after school programming. More information and the application can be found at: ontheroadcollaborative.com/work.


text:
Bloomberg demands gun action from Obama and Romney
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(CNN) – New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg, an outspoken advocate of stricter gun-control laws, said in a radio interview Friday the two candidates for president needed to take a firmer line in addressing gun violence.
Bloomberg's comments came as police and the FBI were investigating a deadly shooting in Colorado that left at least 12 people dead.
"Soothing words are nice, but maybe it's time that the two people who want to be president of the United States stand up and tell us what they are going to do about it, because this is obviously a problem across the country," Bloomberg said on WOR Radio's "The John Gambling Show."
Bloomberg continued, saying Friday's tragedy should spark greater focus on how guns reach killers.
"I mean, there are so many murders with guns every day, it's just got to stop," Bloomberg said. "And instead of the two people – President Obama and Governor Romney – talking in broad things about they want to make the world a better place, okay, tell us how."
"In the end, it is really the leadership at a national level, which is whoever is going to be president of the United States starting next January 1st – what are they going to do about guns?" Bloomberg asked.
Presumptive GOP nominee Mitt Romney met with Bloomberg in May, but an aide to the mayor said Bloomberg remained undecided about making an endorsement in the presidential race. Bloomberg won his last election as a political independent, but was previously a Democrat, then a Republican.
In his interview Friday, Bloomberg said guns getting into hands of criminals wasn't solely a problem in cities like New York.
"This is killing people every day, and it's growing and it's not just an inner-city, east coast, west coast, big city phenomenon. Aurora is not a big city," Bloomberg said, referring to the suburb of Denver where Friday's shooting took place.
wedrinkandscrew
Man I'm all for carrying pistols or having guns in your home but I will never understand why Joe Schmoe should be able to walk around with a fucking assualt rifle.
wedrinkandscrew said:
Man with assault weapon shoots up Tuscaloosa bar, 17 hurt
Can't blame this on Eric Holder or President Obama. NRA is against any reguation on assualt weapons.
Less regulation?
You mean the ones that never killed anyone
Reactions: PAYNE
...or the ones that will in the future?
. . . or the ones that don't ???
The ones who's primary purpose is to maim and kill, which is all of them.
Oh, those are the ones I thought you meant.
actinanass
Have any of you ever took a CHL class?
actinanass said:
Coming from Texas, the death capital of the US. typical!
I thought Chicago was the death capital of the US?
Lamarr said:
Before or after the right wing supreme court stuck down their local gun restrictions. So much for states rights!
BTW, just like the Mexican drug gangs, almost all of those illegal guns come from those states with anything goes gun sales. The fool that went off in Aurora got his guns for the local Bass Pro Shop.
So, your answer is to punish every other citizen for what ONE lunatic does?
You must have great kids....
Re: Political Satire
Evidently this guy was considered rather intelligent.
The gun laws are a joke. Anybody can get a gun. I'm not against guns per se, just the lax restrictions on who can get them. Of course you can arm everyone to prevent anyone from using them (twisted logic), but you know who will be the recipient of the worst of it. Black men, who are automatically considered suspicious.
BTW the Aurora shooter was clad in body amour and he used tear gas. I guess everyone should walk around with gas masks to prevent this. Right?
Fuckallyall
Support BGOL
Intelligence has no bearing on sanity.
Guns are for shooting, you are right. But shooting what ?
Of course this guy did wrong, but disarming the populace won't help. The cities with the worse gun violence are usually the cities with the heaviest "resrictions". Stop your panicking.
Fuckallyall said:
Is disarmament the end-all of gun control ??? I'm a 2nd Amendment proponent, nevertheless, I don't believe that the right to bear means its unbridled.
Regarding your last comment, could you please post those statistics (cities worst violence vs. heaviest restrictions). Thanks in advance.
I'm not heavy on quoting Wiki, but here's this interesting tidbit:
There were 52,447 deliberate and 23,237 accidental non-fatal gunshot injuries in the United States during 2000.[4] The majority of gun-related deaths in the United States are suicides,[5] with 17,352 (55.6%) of the total 31,224 firearm-related deaths in 2007 due to suicide, while 12,632 (40.5%) were homicide deaths.[6]
ONE lunatic ???
Of course, one can make a number of arguments from the numbers, but one that cannot be made is that gun violence in this country is a mere, isolated incident.
BTW, for gun control to constitute a punishment upon "every other citizen" as you put it -- the right to bear arms would have to be based upon the notion that the Second Amendment allows NO restrictions upon the right. That, sir, is simply not the law.
The implication: A safer society secured through a cold war of all against all.
Is that reallly workable ???
Is that really where we want to go ???
So all of us are potential crack pots
The main purpose of guns is to kill or maim. Everything else is collateral.
You are pulling comments out of your ass. Post the information so I don't have to.
New York is by far the safest big city and city of any size in the US. Boston is very safe also. Guns are very difficult to purchase legally in those cities.
Musial
"Let's call this thing exactly what it is . . ."
- Aretha, Rock Steady
WRONG! The main purpose of a law-abiding citizens' gun is to neutralize a threat.
That response may be over your head but if anyone has been a victim of a violent crime, it's very well understood
new 2 this
I believe everyone should have the right to protect themselves. If some how I found myself in a bad situation where my life was threatened, I would pull out my firearm to defend myself. That is the only reason I would ever pull it out. I think every citizen should have this right.
Unfortunately, this does mean that some crazy people get guns. The question is, what restrictions or testing are you guys suggesting? Do you think that all citizens should be restricted of their right to carry a firearm? Should citizens only be allowed to have them at their homes?
Guns in the wrong hands kills people. Alcohol in the wrong person (drunk driver) kills people. We don't ban alcohol, but rather go against those that abuse it by driving drunk.
How can anyone propose a gun control law when it seems like every city/state that has strict gun control laws have a really bad crime issue in their big city?
BTW, isn't it ironic that situations like Aurora tend to happen in Blue states?
Upgrade Dave
Damn, so the Congresswoman gets shot twice going by this picture.
That's where they muddy the water in this conversation. They make it an argument of extremes when most people are really in the middle.
You don't read very well. Dallas, and Houston wish they had the crime rate New York and Boston have. Colorado is a so called Blue State until recently. It is more accurately described as a swing state and their gun laws are just as much a joke as Texass. Their gun laws are so weak, one should ask why they even have gun laws. The most violent states are so called red states in the south. I know you know this because you have posted in the threads where I documented this. The republican, southern, conservative culture is violent. Period!
Upgrade Dave said:
Who's middle. The political spectrum has been drifting to the right for some time now.
source: New York Times
Colorado Gun Laws Remain Lax, Despite Some Changes</NYT_HEADLINE>
The news of the horrifying armed assault in Aurora, Colo. — just a half-hour drive from the site of the Columbine High School shootings in 1999 — has a freakish resonance in a state that has long played an unsought role in the national debate over gun laws and firearm rights.
As a mountain state, Colorado has a history of broad support for Second Amendment rights. But in the years since the Columbine tragedy, the state's lawmakers and voters passed some gun restrictions, including requirements governing the sale of firearms at gun shows, a law regulating people's ability to carry concealed weapons and legislation banning "straw purchases" of weapons for people who would not qualify to buy them legitimately.
Still, James Holmes, 24, the former neuroscience student believed to be the lone gunman in Friday's shootings in Aurora, armed himself with an assault rifle, a shotgun and a handgun to allegedly kill 12 and wound 59 others, many critically. All were weapons that would probably be legal for him to possess.
"The guy basically had normal guns," said Eugene Volokh, an expert in constitutional law at the University of California, Los Angeles. Unless some new evidence of documented psychiatric disturbance emerges, Mr. Volokh added, "there's no indication that, from his record, he is someone whom more restrictive screening procedures would have caught."
Despite the changes over the past 13 years, Colorado law still prohibits local governments from restricting gun rights in several significant ways. Moreover, gun rights organizations have successfully fought other efforts to restrict access to guns, including blocking a University of Colorado rule prohibiting concealed weapons on campus.
People in Colorado are allowed to carry firearms in a vehicle, loaded or unl
oaded, as long as the gun is intended for lawful uses like personal protection or protecting property.
Carrying a concealed weapon requires a permit, but Colorado is among those states whose rules on permits are relatively lax, said Heather Morton of the National Conference of State Legislatures. Colorado is one of 38 "shall issue" states. She explained that this meant "if a person complies with all of the requirements, then the state must issue a concealed weapons permit." (By other measures, the number of states whose laws amount to "shall issue" is closer to 41.) Factors that might keep someone from being able to get a permit generally include felony convictions, mental illness or protective orders.
Other states have a tougher "may issue" law, which gives discretion to withhold a permit to an authority like the local sheriff or department of public safety.
Getting a concealed weapon permit in Denver is a relatively straightforward affair, according to materials put online by the Denver Police Department. Information forms and the application are available online; the process costs $152.50, payable by certified check or money order. Denver's Web page describing the process warns, "Do not bring any weapon with you when you bring your application for review."
The latest shootings will almost certainly lead to efforts to tighten gun laws. The Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence issued a statement that laid the blame on lax gun laws: "The horrendous shooting in Aurora, Colo., is yet another tragic reminder that we have a national problem of easy availability of guns in this country."
On his weekly radio appearance Friday morning, Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg of New York called for the presidential candidates to make gun issues a part of their campaigns.
Yet another tragedy is not likely to shift the national debate over guns, said David Kopel, an adjunct professor at the University of Denver law school and the research director of the Independence Institute, a libertarian organization in Denver. He noted that gun violence did not seem to bring about national restrictions on gun rights.
"The gun prohibition people tried to use Gabrielle Giffords and the Trayvon Martin case to get their cause going again, and weren't particularly successful with that," he said.
At the state level, he added, having fought pitched battles over gun rights since the 1980s, "we're at a reasonably well settled point," and "the legislature is not that interested in opening it up again."
Mr. Volokh said the fragmentary information available so far about Mr. Holmes and the attack did not make a strong case for reform.
"The only weapons-control solution that could do anything about this kind of murder would be a total ban on guns," he said.
"It's hard to prevent someone who is really bent on committing a crime from getting them," he added, and "it's unlikely that gun laws are going to stop him."
In the never-ending argument, tragedy can become a talking point. Luke O'Dell, a spokesman for the Rocky Mountain Gun Owners, a Colorado-based group that fights gun control measures, said private gun restrictions may well have had "tragic consequences" in the shootings.
He noted that the theater chain that owns the Aurora movie house bans firearms on the premises, and said that if other patrons had been legally able to carry weapons, the death toll might have been less. Mr. O'Dell also said that Mayor Bloomberg's call for a discussion of gun issues was "exploiting the blood of these innocent victims to advance his political agenda."
<NYT_CORRECTION_BOTTOM>This article has been revised to reflect the following correction:
Correction: July 21, 2012
An earlier version of this article misstated the name of the institution where David Kopel serves as an adjunct professor of law. It is the University of Denver, not Denver University. In addition, an earlier correction misspelled the name of the University of Denver as Unixversity of Denver.
The middle. Most people are in favor of gun and ammunition laws but not in favor of outright bans of all firearms. I haven't seen anything that says most people dont think like that.
Do you mind posting the stats to back that up ???
Of course this guy did wrong, but disarming the populace won't help.
The cities with the worse gun violence are usually the cities with the heaviest "resrictions".
Stop your panicking.
Regarding your last comment, could you please post those statistics (cities worst violence vs. heaviest restrictions).
I was hoping to read/analyze those statistics, ifyou have time to post them.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Is it possible to use a particle beam to push a sail to interstellar velocities? Back in the spring I looked at aerospace engineer Alan Mole's ideas on the subject (see Interstellar Probe: The 1 KG Mission and the posts immediately following). Mole had described a one-kilogram interstellar payload delivered by particle beam in a paper in JBIS, and told Centauri Dreams that he was looking for an expert to produce cost estimates for the necessary beam generator. Jim Benford, CEO of Microwave Sciences, took up the challenge, with results that call interstellar missions into doubt while highlighting what may become a robust interplanetary technology. Benford's analysis, to be submitted in somewhat different form to JBIS, follows.
Alan Mole and Dana Andrews have described light interstellar probes accelerated by a neutral particle beam. I've looked into whether that particle beam can be generated with the required properties. I find that unavoidable beam divergence, caused by the neutralization process, makes the beam spot size much larger than the sail diameter. While the neutral beam driven method can't reach interstellar speeds, fast interplanetary missions are more credible, enabling fast travel of small payloads around the Solar System.
Dana Andrews proposed propulsion of an interstellar probe by a neutral particle beam and Alan Mole later proposed using it to propel a lightweight probe of 1 kg [1,2] The probe is accelerated to 0.1 c at 1,000 g by a neutral particle beam of power 300 GW, with 16 kA current, 18.8 MeV per particle. The particle beam intercepts a spacecraft that is a magsail: payload and structure encircled by a magnetic loop. The loop magnetic field deflects the particle beam around it, imparting momentum to the sail, and it accelerates.
Intense particle beams have been studied for 50 years. One of the key features is that the intense electric and magnetic fields required to generate such beams determine many features of the beam and whether it can propagate at all. For example, intense charged beams injected into a vacuum would explode. Intense magnetic fields can make beam particles 'pinch' toward the axis and even reverse their trajectories and go backwards. Managing these intense fields is a great deal of the art of using intense beams.
In particular, a key feature of such intense beams is the transverse velocity of beam particles. Even though the bulk of the energy propagates in the axial direction, there are always transverse motions caused by the means of generation of beams. For example, most beams are created in a diode and the self-fields in that diode produce some transverse energy. Therefore one cannot simply assume that there is a divergence-less beam.
Just what are a microradian and nanoradian? A beam from Earth to the moon with microradian divergence would hit the moon with a spot size of about 400 m. For a nanoradian it would be a very small 0.4 m, which is about 15 inches.
One method of getting a neutral particle beam might be to generate separate ion and electron beams and combine them. But two nearby charged beams would need to be propagated on magnetic field lines or they would simply explode due to the electrostatic force. If they are propagating parallel to each other along magnetic field lines, they will interact through their currents as well as their charges. The two beams will experience a JxB force, which causes them to spiral about each other. This produces substantial transverse motion before they merge. This example shows why the intense fields of particle beams create beam divergence no matter how carefully one can design them. But what about divergence of neutral particle beams?
Image: A beamed sail mission as visualized by the artist Adrian Mann.
The divergence angle of a neutral beam is determined by three factors. First, the acceleration process can give the ions a slight transverse motion as well as propelling them forward. Second, focusing magnets bend low-energy ions more than high-energy ions, so slight differences in energy among the accelerated ions lead to divergence (unless compensated by more complicated bending systems).
Although the first two causes of divergence can in principle be reduced, the last source of divergence is unavoidable.
In calculations I will submit to JBIS, the divergence angle introduced by stripping electrons from a beam of negative ions to produce a neutral beam, giving the resulting atom a sideways motion, produces a fundamental divergence. It's a product of two ratios, both of them small: a ratio of particle masses (≤10-3) and a ratio of neutralization energy to beam particle energy (≤10-7 for interstellar missions). Divergence is small, typically 10 microradians, but far larger than the nanoradians assumed by Andrews and Mole. Furthermore, the divergence is equal to the square root of the two ratios, making it insensitive to changes in ion mass and ionization energy.
In Alan Mole's example, the beam velocity is highest at the end of acceleration, 0.2 c, twice the ship final velocity. Particle energy for neutral hydrogen is 18.8 MeV. The energy imparted to the electron to drive it out of the beam, resulting in a neutral, is 0.7 eV for hydrogen. Evaluation of Eq. 3 gives beam divergence of 4.5 microradians.
This agrees with experimental data from the Strategic Defense Initiative, SDI. The observed divergence of a 100 MeV neutral beam as 3.6 microradians; for a Triton beam (atomic weight 3), 2 microradians.
The beam size at the end of acceleration will be 411 km. Alan Mole's magnetic hoop is 270 m in diameter. Therefore the ratio of the area of the beam to the area of the sail is 2.3 106. Only a small fraction of the beam impinges on the spacecraft. To reduce the beam divergence, one could use heavier particles but no nucleus is heavy enough to reduce the beam spot size to the sail diameter.
Gerry Nordley has suggested that neutral particle divergence could be reduced by use of laser cooling. This method uses lasers that produce narrowband photons to selectively reduce the transverse velocity component of an atom, so must be precisely tunable. It is typically used in low temperature molecular trapping experiments. The lasers would inject transversely to the beam to reduce divergence. This cooling apparatus would be located right after the beam is cleaned up as it comes out of the injector. They would have substantial powers in order to neutralize the beam as it comes past at a fraction of the speed of light. Consequently, the coupling between the laser beam and the neutral beam is extraordinarily poor, about 10-5 of the laser beam. This highly inefficient means of limiting divergence is impractical.
Beam divergence limits the possibilities for acceleration to interstellar speeds, but fast interplanetary missions look credible using the neutral beam/magsail concept. That enables fast transit to the planets.
Given that the beam divergence is fundamentally limited to microradians, I used that constraint to make rough examples of missions. A neutral beam accelerates a sail, after which it coasts to its target, where a similar system decelerates it to its final destination. Typically the accelerator would be in high Earth orbit, perhaps at a Lagrange point. The decelerating system is in a similar location about another planet such as Mars or Saturn.
From the equations of motion, To get a feeling for the quantities, here are the parameters of missions with sail probes with microradian divergence and increasing acceleration, driven by increasingly powerful beams.
The first column shows a fast interplanetary probe, with high interplanetary-scale velocity, acceleration 100 m/sec2, 10 gees, which a nonhuman cargo can sustain. Time required to reach this velocity is 27 minutes, at which time the sail has flown to 135,000 km. The power required for the accelerator is 24GW. If the particle energy is 50MeV, well within state-of-the-art, then the required current is 490A. How long would an interplanetary trip take? If we take the average distance to Mars as 1.5 AU, the probe will be there in 8.7 days. Therefore this qualifies as a Mars Fast Track accelerator.
An advanced probe, at 100 gees acceleration, requires 0.78 TW power and the current is 15 kA. It takes only 34 hours to reach Mars. At such speeds the outer solar system is accessible in a matter of weeks. For example, Saturn can be reached by a direct ascent in the time as short as 43 days.
A very advanced probe, an Interstellar Precursor, at 1000 gees acceleration, reaches 0.8% of light speed. It has a power requirement 34 TW and the current is 676 kA. It takes only 8 hours to reach Mars. At such speeds the outer solar system is accessible in a matter of days. For example, Saturn can be reached by a direct ascent in the time as short as a day. The Oort Cloud at 2,000 AU, can be reached in 6 years.
The rough concepts that have been developed by Andrews, Mole and myself show that neutral beam-driven magnetic sails deserve more attention. But the simple mission scenarios described in the literature to date don't come to grips with many of the realities. In particular, the efficiency of momentum transfer to the sail should be modeled accurately. Credible concepts for the construction of the sail itself, and especially including the mass of the superconducting hoop, should be assembled. As addressed above, concepts for using laser cooling to reduce divergence are not promising but should be looked into further.
A key missing element is that there is no conceptual design for the beam generator itself. Neutral beam generators thus far have been charged particle beam generators with a last stage for neutralization of the charge. As I have shown, this neutralization process produces a fundamentally limiting divergence.
Neutral particle beam generators so far have been operated in pulsed mode of at most a microsecond with pulse power equipment at high voltage. Going to continuous beams, which would be necessary for the minutes of beam operation that are required as a minimum for useful missions, would require rethinking the construction and operation of the generator. The average power requirement is quite high, and any adequate cost estimate would have to include substantial prime power and pulsed power (voltage multiplication) equipment, a major cost item in the system. It will vastly exceed the cost of the magnetic sails.
The Fast Interplanetary example in table 1 requires 24 GW power for 27 minutes, which is an energy of 11 MW-hours. This is within today's capability. The Three Gorges dam produces 225 GW, giving 92 TWhr. The other two examples cannot be powered directly off the grid today. So the energy would be stored prior to launch, and such storage, perhaps in superconducting magnets, would be massive.
Furthermore, if it were to be space-based the heavy mass of the high average power required would mean a substantial mass System in orbit. The concept needs economic analysis to see what the cost optimum would actually be. Such analysis would take into account the economies of scale of a large system as well as the cost to launch into space.
We can see that there is in Table 1 an implied development path: a System starts with lower speed, lower mass sails for faster missions in the inner solar system. The neutral beam driver grows as technology improves. Economies of scale lead to faster missions with larger payloads. As interplanetary commerce begins to develop, these factors can be very important to making commerce operate efficiently, counteracting the long transit times between the planets and asteroids. The System evolves.
We're now talking about matters in the 22nd and 23rd centuries. On this time scale, neutral beam-driven sails can address interstellar precursor missions and interstellar itself from the standpoint of a much more advanced beam divergence technology than we have today.
Dana Andrews, "Cost Considerations for Interstellar Missions", Acta Astronautica, 34, pp. 357-365, 1994.
Ashton Carter, Directed Energy Missile Defense in Space–A Background Paper, Office of Technology Assessment, OTA-BP-ISC-26, 1984.
G. A. Landis, "Interstellar Flight by Particle Beam", Acta Astronautica, 55, pp. 931-934, 2004.
G. Nordley, "Jupiter Station Transport By Particle Beam Propulsion", NASA/OAC, 1994. And http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_cooling.
And how the launch station will stay put in space ? You know the old law of action and reaction . . .
The launch station may have photovoltaic thrusters to maintain stability. Another option is use of negative electromagnetic refractive index pull sails along with reflective members for fine adjustment processes.
Still another option would include fission reactor powered ion rockets, fission fragment drive, and/or nuclear fusion energy applications.
I'm always fascinated about the beam sails concepts, there's only one point i see missing there, i see great focus on interplanetary and outer solar system, but to achieve that we should start very small, i wonder how lower the requirements should be to focus on a Earth's orbit probe, Moon probe and a Mars probe (with lower velocity, just to reach it in like 1 to 3 months).
Excellent post. I love the idea of the fast interplanetary travel by beams, but I am very skeptical that the economics will work. The masses of the beam generators and power supply, that have to be created at both ends of the journey suggest to me that this approach will only make sense in a much richer, mature solar-system economy (Greg suggests C22nd/23rd). In the short term, beamed em or electric sails are going to be much more economic and able to do exploration without deceleration systems at the destination.
One question I have is whether beams or pellets make more sense. Accelerating self guiding pellets (or microsails) may be easier and more energy efficient than collimated particles. What are the tradeoffs?
Alex, I'm not sure about Greg Benford's timing on the system-wide economy — let me clarify that with Jim. Or did you mean Jim when you said 'Greg'?
A significant unknown is whether an artificial magnetosphere would expand as the beam pressure falls off, thus compensating for the divergence. If so, then the next issue is beam wander due to the solar wind's embedded magnetic field.
…And yet, with particle beams being able to explode in a vacuum, I couldn't keep one word from popping up in my head while reading this rather excellent piece: "Phasers".
@Paul – yes, I meant Jim. I was referring to his : "(…) talking about matters in the 22nd and 23rd centuries. which I think refers to the highest power systems. We've been talking about possible star ships (or at least probes) by then.
So… that means, currently, with regard to neutral particle beam divergence, as practical concept for interstellar propulsion it seems lasers would be more suitable, even though less efficient than a magsail, right?
What if, instead of one big neutral particle beam, a pattern of multiple smaller beams were used on the sail? Wouldn't that reduce divergence?
1. Could one design a system for focusing sunlight directly, rather than going through the laser stage?
2. From an economics point of view, how much it would cost to maintain a laser facility on Mercury, for example. Assuming the initial investment will be absorbed over time.
4. How about a particle accelerator accelerating the probe itself?
5. Why not accelerate macroscopic particles, which will not diverge, rather than atomic particle?
Good article and comments. As it turns out I'm in the process of updated the 1994 paper for this year's IAF in Toronto. I am currently not collocated with my file cabinet, but as I remember the beams in the 1994 were not neutralized by electrons, but were equal numbers of positive and negative hydrogen atoms, so the overall flow charge was neutral. The idea was to have very tight tolerances on hydrogen atom selection in the first stage of acceleration, so that atoms with any transverse velocity were eliminated before they were accelerated to high velocity. Maybe inefficient, but you could insure a high accuracy beam.
Problem was charge separation in any transverse magnetic field. That was hand waved away by only launching when the magnetic fields embedded in the solar wind were aligned with the launch direction. If the beam were neutralized you had the loss of accuracy caused by the neutralization process, and the problem of re-ionizing as the neutral hydrogen approached the Magsail. A laser capable of re-ionizing hydrogen needs a wavelength less than 100 nanometers, beyond the capability of excimer lasers. There may be something available now, but I'm not aware of it.
I might be missing something but how does the neutral particle beam interact with a magnetic field? Unless like a plasma, it's over all neutral but the charges are separate?
The beam divergence of a charged beam can be reduced significantly by increasing its velocity into the ultra-relativistic realm. Just think of a stream of atoms in a line a set distance apart, the faster they go the less you need for the same momentum, so you can have a greater distance between them which reduces the forces that would causes divergence to the square.
They would explode in slow motion to the stationary observer, the explosion would be slow down by gamma in the relativistic realm.
And you don't need to just use hydrogen atoms, very heavy nuclei would diverge less than lighter ones but use more energy.
Particle beams are quite efficient.
They are to heavy, best leave the fuel and engines behind .
They don't scale down well at all!
We could use another beam that pushes out the other side 'counter momentum' to propel another probe or a solar focus probe for communication's or target star observation pre-probe star system entry, the latter would give us more time to control the target star probes observation targets.
For an initially-collimated ultra-relativistic neutral beam, wouldn't the time dilation effect act to significantly slow the divergence of particles as they became re-ionized? The transverse repulsion is occurring in a reference frame where the ion's mass is augmented and passage of time has slowed down significantly. So one might expect that inertia resisting the divergence would be high and transverse acceleration would be low. So ultra-relatavistic effects would seem to act against divergence due to re-ionization. As there is no transverse Lorentz contraction, the divergence — as seen in the local/earth reference frame — should then be the same magnitude as in the ultra-relatavistic ion reference frame — and the divergence observed from both frames would be minimal.
Not sure how the influence of the solar magnetic field will affect the ultra-relatavistic 'neutral' beam initially composed of equal + and – ions, as the the accelerated ions and the currents causing the magnetic field are in very different reference frames. I think the increased inertia of the fast ions again would lessen the influence of the solar magnetic field.
While relativistic considerations do not impact Mr Benford's analysis of the divergence due to neutralization electron stripping, it would be interesting to know if Lorentz effects for an ultra-relativistic beam have been considered for any alternative approaches involving "neutral" balanced ion beams.
At high velocities neutral particles can be stripped of electrons when moving through a magnetic field, however I can't see the field been powerful enough to cause ionisation in all but a tightly wound coil which would then be to small. This type of craft will need an on-board ioniser so that it could interact with the magnetic field. Perhaps some gas that has been slowed down at the craft could be used to ionise the incoming gas by collisional excitation.
Cooling ionised atoms, using fewer of them and pushing them to ultra relativistic velocities in a particle accelerator will go a good way to reduce divergence of the beam.
I have said before and I will say again particle beams are the way to go.
As for the interaction with the solar magnetic field it is very weak and will have a small effect on the beam, launching probes in the solar pole directions where the fields will be more or less parallel would reduce the effect.
Okay, seems reasonable, but is that a feasible option? I know it works in particle accelerators, but i am not that sure if it would work for a large scale beam, or, to reformulate that, how that would affect the beam technology.
Another thing i stumbled upon, whilst reading up on beamed propulsion variants was Alexander Bolonkin's Beamed Space Propulsion paper. He suggests a self-focusing cold plasma beam (and a ramjet for flying against the beam current for return).
Would self focusing beams be an option? I am not an expert but it seems there are a few options left for exploration.
I am not so sure. Leaving behind the drive seems like an excellent idea efficiency wise. Leaving behind missiles for low-orbit launches as well.
The issue is speed (and thus mass). With a purely solar driven sail, as Ikaros from JAXXA demonstrated, is a very cheap solution if you got the time.
…the system can also double as deep space communication solution, asteroid defense, external power generator or interplanetary mining device aside of being simply a space propulsion system. That are all things we want to do in the not-so-far future and its one system that can do it all. I think its the most rational course of action. New solutions to long range (interstellar) beaming will become apparent once we start employing it for interplanetary space… manipulation.
Having such a system in place (which can be considerably smaller for interplanetary purposes) basically means we don't need to worry about propulsion systems or lifetime of power generators for interplanetary purposes… ever again.
Just think about how much probes we built and which are now dead in the water because either the power systems are exhausted or the fuel is used up. Now imagine how much money we can save if we could keep them operational until critical system failure, which is exactly what the technology offers. Probes being built would STAY in service, not to be discarded after maybe one to three missions. If something interesting arises you simply contact the nearest operational probe and send it to investigate. It won't need fuel anymore.
That would have to be an incredibly strong and high flux magnetic field.
I'm wondering if the craft had a powerful enough laser to ionize the incoming neutral beam, that may work, but of course we are adding considerably weight and energy requirements that it may negate the usefulness of a neutral particle beam propulsion.
@swage. Exactly. It is like powering appliances from the electric grid rather than each machine have its own generator. Beamed energy can be used for propulsion in a host of ways, and a mature system should mean that it is cheaper to buy the needed power for transient use. As with the electric grid, sometimes it is also better/cheaper to be off-the-grid, e.g. probes in other solar systems.
Some thought ought to be going into beamed power infrastructure design and how it might facilitate space development.
If we used beamed launchers in space we could use the enormous amount of free energy from the sun and any waste heat from the beam generators to heat the space stations habitat space. I see our expansion into space on these beams of matter from orbiting space colonies.
The big thing about particle accelerators is that we can fire anything that can be ionised or hold a charge, that includes living cells. We could transmit radioactive isotopes for the crafts power systems as they run low, the list is endless, much better than lasers in my opinion. And they are almost as fast, the LHC has protons going 0.999999991 c, that is less than 3 m distance behind light after 1 second.
A reusable launch system that uses 24GW seems pretty exciting. If it could make 1 launch per day, then in the course of a year it could launch hundreds of probes towards the sun's foci point. We could peer in depth into hundred of stars, or thousands if we operated it for a decade. It would certainly enhance our knowledge of the closer stars.
Of course it would still take close to 20 years for those probes to get into place, but it beats anything we got now. Being identical other than programming for them to look in a specific direction, even the probes could be mass produced to cut cost. Heck, launch several in each direction in case of mishaps.
The big thing about particle accelerators is that we can fire anything that can be ionised or hold a charge, that includes living cells.
Not true. The thing about particle accelerators is that they work only on charged particles and ions. Nothing else has a suitable charge/mass ratio, in magnitude or precision.
No, that's true. Particle accelerators are optimized for charged particles and ions, but anything that can carry a charge can be accelerated by an electric field. Mind, there are substantial advantages to particles which can be guaranteed to have a specific charge to mass ratio, because they can be efficiently handled. But there's no real reason you couldn't accelerate a beam of macro-molecules, maybe C80, or something of that sort. Not so great if you're attempting to get them to ultra-relativistic speeds, but it might be superior for moderate speeds.
Correct, but charge mass ratios of anything other than ions and particles are many, many orders of magnitude smaller. This translates directly into vastly diminished performance for such hypothetical "dust-accelerators".
Mind, there are substantial advantages to particles which can be guaranteed to have a specific charge to mass ratio, because they can be efficiently handled.
It goes far beyond "substantial advantages". All beam management, acceleration, focusing, etc. techniques in accelerators rely completely on the particles having a uniform and unique charge/mass ratio. They would simply not work at all when there is a spread, no matter how tight. This is a even far more prohibitive problem than the one above.
So, sorry, but I have to emphatically repeat: Not true.
You could probably get away with C80, at only a few hundred-fold decreased performance, if you could manage to create a substantial and stable population with a given integral charge. C80, after all, is still a single molecule with a precisely defined number of atoms. Keeping it at constant charge, though, and free of extra atoms sticking to it, would be a huge challenge.
Note that charge macromolecules (such as C80) do indeed qualify as ions. Dust grains or living cells do not, and would certainly not work with anything even remotely resembling a particle accelerator.


text:
Q: Retrieve Cases with CaseHistories in One Query I expected the following query is valid:
SELECT ID, Subject, Type, (SELECT Field, OldValue, NewValue FROM CaseHistories)
FROM Case

But I get Didn't understand relationship 'CaseHistories' error. I can query SELECT Field, OldValue, NewValue FROM CaseHistories in a separate request.
Is this possible to retrieve cases and their histories in one query?

A: The child history relationship name is called "histories".
Try the following query:
SELECT ID, Subject, Type, (SELECT Field, OldValue, NewValue FROM Histories)
FROM Case

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Manhattan District Attorney Cyrus R. Vance, Jr., today announced the indictment of LAMAR DAVENPORT, 30, for fatally stabbing his girlfriend, 33-year-old E'Dena Hines, outside of her Washington Heights apartment building last month. The defendant is charged in a New York State Supreme Court indictment with one count of Murder in the Second Degree.
According to court documents and statements made on the record in court, at approximately 3:00 a.m. on August 16, 2015, DAVENPORT repeatedly stabbed Ms. Hines in front of her apartment building on West 162nd Street, stabbing her at least 25 times in the back, chest, and arm. Eyewitnesses called 911, and police officers apprehended DAVENPORT at the scene. Ms. Hines was taken to Harlem Hospital, where she was pronounced dead.
Assistant District Attorney Christopher Prevost is handling the prosecution of this case under the supervision of Assistant District Attorney Christopher Ryan and Executive Assistant District Attorney John Irwin, Chief of the Trial Division.
 The charge contained in the indictment is merely an allegation, and the defendant is presumed innocent unless and until proven guilty. All factual recitations are derived from documents filed in court and statements made on the record in court.


text:
Ian Bannon (born 3 September 1959) is a former English footballer who played as a central defender for Rochdale. He also played non league football for Clarence, Oswestry Town and abroad for Newcastle Rosebud United.

References

Living people
Rochdale A.F.C. players
Oswestry Town F.C. players
Adamstown Rosebud FC players
1959 births
Footballers from Bury, Greater Manchester
English footballers
Association football defenders

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Training/Incentives
Serious about safety: Employers on top of continuing education
100 committed companies
A survey of the companies with the broadest readership ofISHN finds some striking commonalities, despite the differences in industry types and corporate structure and size.
Companies that value safety articulate their philosophies in policy statements that increasingly encompass sustainability and environmental stewardship as part of their EHS package.
ISHN's "Top 100" list of companies with the most subscribers to the magazine represents diverse technologies, products and services, from energy to aerospace, food and plastics to paint and paper, transportation to the government sector. Many of their safety statements reference regulatory compliance as a part — but not the entirety — of their programs. Some, like DuPont, cite specific goals: "zero injuries and zero incidents." Others use the opportunity to take pride in their achievements, such as Georgia Pacific's having been named safest industry for seven years in a row. Workplace health and safety is not a static field. Its continuous evolution necessitates continuous education. Companies truly committed to safety make the effort to stay on top of the news, research, trends, products and best practises and use emerging information to shape, adjust and fine-tune their corporate safety programs.
The top ten companies with the most ISHN subscriptions are: International Paper, Tyson Foods, DuPont, Northrop Grumman, Honeywell, Georgia Pacific, Sherwin Williams, XPEDX, U.S. Postal Service and 3M.
1. International Paper
"An essential part of our business strategy is to make products in a safe and healthful workplace, to manage natural resources wisely, and to continually improve our environmental performance. We are committed to removing the conditions and behaviors injury or environmental impact." — John Faraci, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
International Paper also offers employees a HealthyLife program that provides cash incentives for making long-term lifestyle changes — a strategy that helps the company control health care costs.
2. Tyson Foods
"Team Members within Tyson Foods are entitled to a safe workplace. Tyson Foods is committed to work with all appropriate governmental agencies to accomplish this goal. Team Members must be committed to accomplish this goal as well and must perform work tasks by following all safety procedures for which training has been provided."
Tyson's Team Member Bill of Rights protects the rights of employees to file safety complaints without fear of reprisal and provides for safety committees that meet regularly to examine and implement safety practices.
3. DuPont
"At DuPont, we believe that all injuries are preventable. Our goal is zero: zero injuries and zero incidents. Only when safety is integrated into an organization as a core business and personal value can this goal be accomplished. Thousands of DuPont workers have gone many decades without a lost-time injury, and continue to benefit from our strong safety culture…. DuPont also believes that safety is an important part of a company's future success. A safe workplace is more productive, and helps in the recruitment of new talent. It enhances how the business is perceived by both internal and external audiences. Bottom line: A safe workplace is good business."
4. Northrop Grumman
"Northrop Grumman Corporation has long recognized that people are our most valuable resource. For this reason, we are committed to provide a safe and healthful workplace and to conduct our business activities in an environmentally responsible manner that will preserve natural resources and minimize adverse impacts or health/safety risks to our employees, customers and the community. It is our policy to conduct our operations in accordance with all applicable federal, state and local laws and regulations and to strive for continual improvement in our environmental, health and safety (EHS) performance."
5. Honeywell
"It is Honeywell's policy to establish and manage a safe and healthy work environment and to manage its business in ways that are sensitive to the environment. The Company will comply with all regulatory requirements regarding health, safety and protection of the environment. To help safeguard ourselves and others and our facilities, the Company will conduct and support research on the effects of materials and products it handles or sells; share promptly any information it may obtain relative to any found hazard; conduct preventive safety and loss prevention and occupational health programs, and require that equipment and operating practices meet all applicable regulatory requirements." — from the company's Code of Business Conduct
6. Georgia Pacific
"We take great pride in our ranking as the safest company in the forest products industry. We are so serious about safety that we have been named the safest forest products company in the industry seven years in a row. Anything less is unacceptable." From the company's Environment, Health and Safety Policy: "Georgia-Pacific, worldwide, will manage operations and develop, produce, distribute and market products in a manner that protects the environment and the health and safety of employees, customers, contractors and the communities in which we operate, while fully complying with applicable laws and regulations. The company will continuously improve Environmental, Health & Safety (EH&S) performance toward a goal of zero incidents."
7. Sherwin Williams
"The Sherwin-Williams EHS policy, issued by Chairman and CEO Chris Connor, outlines our commitment to protecting the environment and the safety and health of our employees, customers and the public.
This policy details the Sherwin-Williams commitment to
• Provide our employees with a safe and healthful workplace
• Conserve resources and prevent pollution
• Comply with all applicable environmental, health and safety laws and supplement that compliance with our own environmental, health and safety guidelines
• Continually improve in our environmental, safety and health performance
Corporate and Division leadership, from top management to front line supervisors, are responsible and accountable for EHS compliance and for managing EHS risks within their organizations. Their active participation includes integrating sound EHS management practices into their routine business practices. Every employee is expected to understand this policy and accept the responsibility to comply with all the supporting procedures and programs intended to protect themselves, coworkers, their community and the environment."
8. XPEDX
"An essential part of our sustainable business strategy is to run our operations in a safe and healthy workplace and to continually improve our environmental performance. We are committed to:
• Working with employees to create and maintain an accident-free workplace
• Emphasizing prevention of emissions and elimination of excursions
We enthusiastically embrace the challenges we all face to safeguard our world. We are committed to stretching our imaginations, engaging the creativity of our employees and working with our customers and partners to discover new approaches and innovative solutions. We recognize that we must continuously improve. That's why we are always open to fresh thinking and gauging our progress. The core of our sustainability philosophy is that we must work together to drive business success while Sustaining a Better World for Generations."
9. U.S. Postal Service
The USPS attributes the 2.35 percent improvement in its annual safety record to risk analysis, training and employee awareness efforts. The USPS has 164 worksites in OSHA's Voluntary Protection Program (VPP) and uses the Ergonomic Risk Reduction Process (ERRP) to reduce the number and severity of musculoskeletal disorders, "build labor/management teams with ergonomic skills and cultivate partnerships to identify and control ergonomic risk."
Additionally, the USPS uses an Employee Health and Safety (EHS) management system for reporting and managing accidents, injuries and illnesses, allowing for more efficient caseload management.
"3M is committed to meeting our environmental, health and safety (EHS) goals for 3M products and processes, and to maintaining a safe and healthy workplace. It is 3M policy to provide a safe and healthful workplace for all, and to minimize the impact of our production processes and products on the environment.
Employees and others acting on 3M's behalf are responsible for knowing and complying with all applicable EHS laws and regulations, as well as with 3M's related policies, standards and guidelines. 3M management also is responsible for ensuring that employees and others acting on 3M's behalf are properly trained in these laws and policies. Professionals in all areas of EHS relating to products, operations and workplace safety are available to assist in these matters."
11. BAE Systems
12. Cargill Inc.
13. Lockheed Martin
14. PPG Industries Inc.
15. ConocoPhillips
16. Praxair Inc.
17. BASF Corporation
18. Fastenal Co.
19. Parker Hannafin Corp.
20. Airgas
21. Kinder Morgan
22. Sherwin Williams Co.
23. Caterpillar Inc.
24. Ferguson Enterprises Inc.
25. General Motors
26. Perdue Farms Inc.
27. INVISTA
28. RR Donnelley
30. OSHA
31. PPG Industries
32. Tyson Foods
34. Xcel Energy
35. Alcoa
36. American Electric Power
37. Boeing
39. Chevron
40. Georgia Pacific
41. Kraft Foods
42. Eaton Corp.
43. Grainger
45. Halliburton
46. Packaging Corp. of America
47. USPS
48. Verso paper
49. Arkema
50. General Electric
51. ExxonMobil
52. Gerdau Ameristeel
53. Sunoco Products Co.
56. Cintas
57. Domtar
58. Parker Hannafin
59. Eastman Chemical Company
60. General Dynamics
61. Nucor Steel
62. Pilgrims Pride
63. Temple Inland
65. Air Products Chemicals
66. Arcelormittal
67. Gichner Shelter Systems
68. Sun Chemical Corp.
69. Berry Plastics
70. Caterpillar
71. Cummins Inc.
72. General Mills
73. Johns Manville
74. Johnson Controls Inc.
75. Sugar Creek Packing Co.
76. The Boeing Company
77. Unimin Corporation
78. U.S. Army
79. U.S. Department of Labor OSH
80. Westar Energy
81. Arkema Inc.
82. Conagra Foods
83. Dart Container Corp.
84. GE
85. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co.
86. Graphite Products Inc.
87. Lubrizol
88. Monsanto
89. Nestlé USA
90. Norandex Distribution Inc.
91. Pepsi Bottling Group
92. Pepsi Cola Bottling Co.
93. Sealed Air Corp.
94. URS Corporation
95. Valspar
96. Vulcan Materials Co.
97. 3M Company
98. AmeriGas Inc.
99. Brown Wilbert Inc.
100. Cargill
KEYWORDS: Industry-specific


text:
import datetime as d
import formencode
import logging
import re
import wurdig.model as model
import wurdig.model.meta as meta
import wurdig.lib.helpers as h
import webhelpers.paginate as paginate

from authkit.authorize.pylons_adaptors import authorize
from formencode import htmlfill
from paste.deploy.converters import asbool
from pylons import app_globals, config, request, response, session, tmpl_context as c
from pylons.controllers.util import abort, redirect_to
from pylons.decorators import validate
from pylons.decorators.rest import restrict
from pylons.i18n.translation import _
from sqlalchemy import func
from sqlalchemy.sql import and_, delete
from wurdig.lib.base import BaseController, render

log = logging.getLogger(__name__)

class Cleanup(formencode.FancyValidator):
    def _to_python(self, value, state):
        # clean up value['value'] if type is boolean
        if value['type'] == 'b':
            v = value.get('value', None)
            if v is None:
                value['value'] = u'false'
            else:
                value['value'] = u'true'
        return value

class SettingForm(formencode.Schema):
    pre_validators = [Cleanup()]
    allow_extra_fields = True
    filter_extra_fields = True
    type = formencode.validators.UnicodeString(
        not_empty=True,
        max=2,
        strip=True
    )
    value = formencode.validators.UnicodeString(
        not_empty=False,
        strip=True
    )

class SettingController(BaseController):

    @h.auth.authorize(h.auth.is_valid_user)
    def edit(self, id=None):

        try:
            id = int(id)
        except:
            abort(400)

        setting_q = meta.Session.query(model.Setting)
        c.setting = setting_q.filter_by(id=id).first()
        if c.setting is None:
            abort(404)
        values = {
            'id': c.setting.id,
            'key': c.setting.key,
            'value': c.setting.value
        }
        if c.setting.type == 'b':
            values['value'] = asbool(c.setting.value)
        return htmlfill.render(render('/derived/setting/edit.html'), values)

    @h.auth.authorize(h.auth.is_valid_user)
    @restrict('POST')
    @validate(schema=SettingForm(), form='edit')
    def save(self, id=None):

        try:
            id = int(id)
        except:
            abort(400)

        setting_q = meta.Session.query(model.Setting)
        c.setting = setting_q.filter_by(id=id).first()
        if c.setting is None:
            abort(404)

        for k,v in self.form_result.items():
            if getattr(c.setting, k) != v:
                setattr(c.setting, k, v)

        meta.Session.commit()
        session['flash'] = _('Setting successfully updated.')
        session.save()

        # update settings cache object
        tmpl_cache = app_globals.cache.get_cache('base._setup')
        tmpl_cache.remove_value('settings')

        return redirect_to(controller='setting', action='list')

    @h.auth.authorize(h.auth.is_valid_user)
    def list(self):

        settings_q = meta.Session.query(model.Setting).order_by([model.Setting.id])

        try:
            settings_page = int(request.params.get('settings_page', 1))
        except:
            abort(400)

        c.paginator = paginate.Page(
            settings_q,
            page=settings_page,
            items_per_page = 25,
            controller='setting',
            action='list',
        )
        return render('/derived/setting/list.html')

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Noromectin Pour-On wormer for cattle. Covers stomach worms, lung worms, lice. Recommended dosing strategy for the grazing season is to dose at 3, 8 and 13 weeks after turnout. This will give season long protection for a group of cattle providing they are set-stocked. If not set-stocked they should be treated every 5 weeks until housing. Can also be used as a housing dose for control of stomach worms, lungworms and lice. Contains a blue dye to identify treated animals. Note - no fluke cover with this product. Dose rate is 5ml per 50kg bodyweight. Withdrawal periods - meat 28 days,milk -not permitted in lactating animals for human consumption, do not use in dairy cattle within 60 days of calving.


text:
Groups Aim To Make It Easier To Own A Cable TV Box Instead Of Renting
By Brian Naylor
Ariel Zambelich
A study by two U.S. senators estimated that 99 percent of cable TV subscribers rent their set-top boxes and pay on average $231 a year to do so.
Tonight, as you plop down on the couch to watch the Democratic presidential debate or the baseball playoffs, consider for a moment what you're waving your remote at. If you're like millions of Americans, your cable box sits on a shelf under your flat screen, gathering dust, easy to overlook.
It's also easy to overlook the rent you're paying for that box month after month.
A study by two Senate Democrats, Edward Markey of Massachusetts and Richard Blumenthal of Connecticut, estimated that 99 percent of cable TV subscribers rent their set-top boxes and pay on average $231 a year to do so. According to the two senators, the cable industry reaps more than $19.5 billion a year from all those rentals.
"It's really ridiculous that people pay rental fees for these devices," says John Bergmayer, an attorney with the consumer group Public Knowledge. "It's sort of like the stories that still pop up every few years; you know, the little old person that's still paying to rent a black rotary phone from AT&T, and over the lifetime of that device they pay thousands of dollars."
The cable TV industry doesn't buy that comparison.
"People who use that analogy are really stuck in the past," says Brian Dietz of the National Cable and Telecommunications Association. "That's really not the way the marketplace has evolved."
Dietz says cable is a lot more complicated than plugging a phone into a jack. He says people can buy boxes like TiVo and get a card from their cable providers to enable them to subscribe, although that's still pretty pricey. Anyway, Dietz says the market is heading in a different direction.
"Apple CEO Tim Cook a couple of weeks ago said the future of TV is apps and we completely agree. Just like changing a channel, you can fire up your iPad or your mobile phone and switch back and forth between apps," Dietz says.
Dietz says there are dozens of different apps from cable and broadcast channels — everyone from A&E to WE tv has one.
And there are devices — including Roku, Apple TV and Google Chromecast — that allow you to watch big-screen TV delivered over the Internet.
But what if you could get cable channels, Netflix, Amazon and broadcast TV in just one box that you paid for once?
It would be TV utopia.
Chip Pickering leads Comptel, an association of tech companies including Amazon and Netflix. Such a magic box, he says, would give consumers what they deserve: freedom. They would have "the ability to create their own video watching experience that they control, and the navigational device is key to that freedom," he says.
Pickering and consumer groups including Public Knowledge want the Federal Communications Commission to step in and issue a uniform standard that all cable providers would have to meet. It would enable TV consumers to buy a box that could hook up to any system and carry just about every video source.
But the cable industry, already facing revenue losses from people cutting their cords altogether, is skeptical. NCTA's Dietz questions the notion that "the government can step in and fix something that is clearly working; there's tons of money being invested into it. And America has the greatest TV programming in the world," he says. "What is the government trying to solve here?"
The FCC is in the process of gathering recommendations on setting a new standard, but there's no timetable yet for further action.
NPR News' Brian Naylor is a correspondent on the Washington Desk. In this role, he covers politics and federal agencies.
See stories by Brian Naylor


text:
God Friended Me Season 1 Episode 13
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Miles is shocked when the God Account sends him 76 simultaneous friend suggestions. Also, Ali moves in with Miles while her apartment is being fumigated, and Rakesh receives surprising news at work.
Serie: God Friended Me
Episode Title: Miracle On 123rd Street
25,30,22 min
Yoda, Obi-Wan Kenobi, Anakin Skywalker, Mace Windu and other Jedi Knights lead the Grand Army of the Republic against the droid army of the Separatists.
Genre: Action & Adventure, Animation, Sci-Fi & Fantasy
A year after the events that took place during the "Final Battle" and after the destruction of Omnitrix, 16-year-old Ben Tennyson has to face new enemies.
Genre: Action & Adventure, Animation
When former Princeton music professor Arthur Cochran unexpectedly stumbles into choir practice at a small-town church, he finds a group of singers that are out of tune in more ways…
American version of the reality game show which follows a group of HouseGuests living together 24 hours a day in the "Big Brother" house, isolated from the outside world but…
The story of an unassuming American family drawn into the workings of a turbulent Middle Eastern nation. Bassam "Barry" Al Fayeed, the younger son of the dictator of a war-torn…
Status: Canceled
The story of a wealthy family that lost everything, and the one son who had no choice but to keep them all together.
A pitch-black comedy anthology set in the present day, as our heroine Veronica Sawyer deals with a very different but equally vicious group of Heathers. Based on the 1988 cult…
On his high school graduation day, Itsuki's cousin, Mahiru, tells him that she's pregnant. Just then, a gate of light emerges and transports the two into the world of Granvania….
The cast of Jersey Shore swore they would always do a vacation together. Now, five years, five kids, three marriages, and who knows how many GTL sessions later, the gang…
A group of friends from Boston who feel stuck in life experience an unexpected wake-up call after one of their friend dies unexpectedly.
A couple goes through a long, drawn-out divorce.
When the entire world blacks out for two minutes and seventeen seconds, everyone sees a flash of their own future 6 months from the present. For some, the future is…
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text:
Crazy For You Tickets
Find tickets to Crazy For You - Houston on Thursday February 6 at 7:00 pm at Husky Stadium in Houston, TX
Crazy For You - Houston
Husky Stadium·Houston, TX
Find tickets to Crazy For You - Houston on Friday February 7 at 7:00 pm at Husky Stadium in Houston, TX
Find tickets to Crazy For You - Houston on Saturday February 8 at 2:00 pm at Husky Stadium in Houston, TX
Find tickets to Crazy For You - Burlington on Friday March 13 at 7:00 pm at Paramount Theater in Burlington, NC
Crazy For You - Burlington
Paramount Theater·Burlington, NC
Find tickets to Crazy For You - Burlington on Saturday March 14 at 2:00 pm at Paramount Theater in Burlington, NC
Find tickets to Crazy For You - Burlington on Sunday March 15 at 2:00 pm at Paramount Theater in Burlington, NC
"Easy process, best price, lowest fees, and good seats!"
Husky Stadium in Houston, TX
Paramount Theater in Burlington, NC
Charlie and the Chocolate Factory Tickets
Hello, Dolly! Tickets
Les Miserables Tickets
The Book of Mormon Tickets
The Last Ship Tickets


text:
set -ex

# Default to assuming the CARGO_HOME is one directory up (to account for a `bin`
# subdir) from where the `cargo` binary in `$PATH` lives.
DEFAULT_CARGO_HOME="$(dirname "$(dirname "$(command -v cargo)")")"
# If the CARGO_HOME env var is already set, use that. If it isn't set use the
# default.
CARGO_HOME="${CARGO_HOME:-$DEFAULT_CARGO_HOME}"

echo "${HOME}"
pwd

# Avoid "no space left on device" failure.
if [ "${1}" = "aarch64-linux-android" ] ; then
  docker system prune -af
  docker system df
fi

run() {
    echo "Building docker container for target ${1}"

    # use -f so we can use ci/ as build context
    docker build -t libc -f "ci/docker/${1}/Dockerfile" ci/
    mkdir -p target
    if [ -w /dev/kvm ]; then
        kvm="--volume /dev/kvm:/dev/kvm"
    else
        kvm=""
    fi

    docker run \
      --rm \
      --user "$(id -u)":"$(id -g)" \
      --env LIBC_CI \
      --env LIBC_CI_ZBUILD_STD \
      --env CARGO_HOME=/cargo \
      --env CARGO_TARGET_DIR=/checkout/target \
      --volume "$CARGO_HOME":/cargo \
      --volume "$(rustc --print sysroot)":/rust:ro \
      --volume "$(pwd)":/checkout:ro \
      --volume "$(pwd)"/target:/checkout/target \
      $kvm \
      --init \
      --workdir /checkout \
      libc \
      sh -c "HOME=/tmp PATH=\$PATH:/rust/bin exec ci/run.sh ${1}"
}

build_switch() {
    echo "Building docker container for target switch"

    # use -f so we can use ci/ as build context
    docker build -t libc -f "ci/docker/switch/Dockerfile" ci/
    mkdir -p target
    if [ -w /dev/kvm ]; then
        kvm="--volume /dev/kvm:/dev/kvm"
    else
        kvm=""
    fi

    cp "$(command -v rustup)" "$(rustc --print sysroot)/bin"

    docker run \
      --rm \
      --user "$(id -u)":"$(id -g)" \
      --env LIBC_CI \
      --env CARGO_HOME=/cargo \
      --env CARGO_TARGET_DIR=/checkout/target \
      --volume "$CARGO_HOME":/cargo \
      --volume "$(rustc --print sysroot)":/rust:ro \
      --volume "$(pwd)":/checkout:ro \
      --volume "$(pwd)"/target:/checkout/target \
      --volume ~/.rustup:/.rustup:Z \
      $kvm \
      --init \
      --workdir /checkout \
      libc \
      sh -c "HOME=/tmp RUSTUP_HOME=/tmp PATH=\$PATH:/rust/bin rustup default nightly \
        && rustup component add rust-src --target ci/switch.json \
        && cargo build -Z build-std=core,alloc --target ci/switch.json"
}

if [ -z "${1}" ]; then
  for d in ci/docker/*; do
    run "${d}"
  done
else
  if [ "${1}" != "switch" ]; then
    run "${1}"
  else
    build_switch
  fi
fi


Scott has not responded to the allegations. Chang and Scott were running in the Democratic primary for state Sen. District 1. Chang won the election with 49 percent of the vote; Scott came in third with 11 percent of the vote.


Zenza Bronica GS-1 6x7 Camera, with Seiko PG 65mm f4 lens, Seiko Macro PG 110mm f4 lens, 120 film back, speed grip, AE prism finder. Camera fires shutter but no warranties can be given as to the complete functionality.
Lenses are in excellent condition with cases and lens caps. The item "Bronica GS-1 with65mm, 110Macro AE Prism Finder, Speed Grip, 120 Film Back" is in sale since Thursday, October 12, 2017. This item is in the category "Cameras & Photo\Film Photography\Film Cameras". The seller is "nausetsurf" and is located in East Sandwich, Massachusetts. This item can be shipped worldwide.


text:
Q: Overflow the world in the my article I have a problem with the overflow of the world, and example
1

2

3

For resolve this problem I found two solutions, they are:

*

*\newline

*rewrite the sentences with the new words to resolve the overflow problem.

Exist another problem to resolve this problem?
This is an example minimal reproducible
\documentclass[11pt]{toptesi}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[italian]{babel}

\begin{document}

\tableofcontents

\section{Bitcoin. OP\_0 funge da segnaposto per un bug nell'implementazione di OP\_CHECKMULTISIG}
\subsection{P2MS}
\label{sec:p2msbitcoin}
Gli script {\it pay-to-multisignature} definiscono una condizione M:N (molti a molti) dove M è il numero minimo di firme necessarie per verificare lo script di blocco e N è il numero totale di chiavi pubbliche.
Il numero massimo di combinazioni ammesse per uno script P2MS è 15:15, ma solo le combinazioni rientranti nell'intervallo 3:3 sono considerate standard; tutte le restanti combinazioni verranno considerate come non standard.
Un esempio di script P2MS 2:3 è il seguente:

In questo esempio OP\_0 funge da segnaposto per un bug nell'imleme.. OP\_CHECKMULTISIG, il cui unico scopo è quello di aggirare un bug che è diventato accidentalmente una regola di consenso.

 \end{document}

A: You can insert hyphens.  \- as suggested in the comments.
\documentclass[11pt]{toptesi}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[italian]{babel}

\begin{document}

\tableofcontents

\section{Bitcoin. OP\_0 funge da segnaposto per un bug nell'implementazione di OP\_CHECK\-MULTISIG}
\subsection{P2MS}
\label{sec:p2msbitcoin}
Gli script {\it pay-to-multisignature} definiscono una condizione M:N (molti a molti) dove M è il numero minimo di firme necessarie per verificare lo script di blocco e N è il numero totale di chiavi pubbliche.
Il numero massimo di combinazioni ammesse per uno script P2MS è 15:15, ma solo le combinazioni rientranti nell'intervallo 3:3 sono considerate standard; tutte le restanti combinazioni verranno considerate come non standard.
Un esempio di script P2MS 2:3 è il seguente:

In questo esempio OP\_0 funge da segnaposto per un bug nell'imleme.. OP\_CHECK\-MULTI\-SIG, il cui unico scopo è quello di aggirare un bug che è diventato accidentalmente una regola di consenso.

 \end{document}


By posting 3 wins (so far) in 2010, the Lions have already bested their record from 2009. Although they have shown improvement on both sides of the ball and are a much better team then they were a year ago, that improvement has yet to translate into a huge increase in wins. This means, unfortunately, that the Lions will be picking early in the draft yet again.
This is nothing new to Lions fans, as they have watched their team get Top 10 picks through most of the past decade. For the most part, these picks have been disastrous, ranging from tragic (Charles Rogers) to embarrassing (Joey Harrington) to just plain bad (Mike Williams – though maybe Seattle will show the fault with big Mike really was just coaching!). In fact, not one first round pick remains on the team from the 2002-2006 drafts (Joey Harrington, Charles Rogers, Roy Williams, Mike Williams, and Ernie Sims).
The more recent years, however, have shown signs of hope. The last four drafts have netted two elite players in Calvin Johnson and Ndamukong Suh; a potential franchise quarterback in Matthew Stafford (obligatory caveat: if he can stay healthy); and an above average offensive tackle in Gosder Cherilus. If nothing else, the front office has started connecting on early picks, and if the Lions are ever going to climb out of the league's basement, they will have to keep making the most of early draft picks.
With that in mind, here is a preview of some of the top players coming out of college this year who may end up wearing Honolulu Blue in 2011. Be sure to keep your eye on them in this year's college bowl games!
Player Pos. College Ht. Wgt.
Prototype size and speed and elite talent make Peterson the most coveted defensive back in college football today. He is the first cornerback since Charles Woodson to win the Bednarik Award for college defensive player of the year. He is a shutdown corner who also plays the run well. The only knock on Peterson is that, unless the Lions get a Top 5 pick, he will likely be long gone before the Lions even have a chance at him.
Although the Lions defensive line has become a strength this year, if Bowers were still on the board when the Lions pick came up they would have to give him a long, hard look. A #1 prospect coming out of high school, the quick and powerful Bowers lived up to expectations at Clemson, where the junior won the 2010 Nagurski award for college defensive players. Strong against the run and a terror for passers, Bowers could make the Lions defensive line the best in the league.
A product of the Wisconsin football program known for producing top offensive linemen, Carimi has started at left tackle for the Badgers for the past two years. A solid run blocker due to his massive size and strength, there is some concern whether he is athletic enough to handle speed rushers in the passing game at the pro level.
The Yin to Carimi's Yang, what Castonzo lacks in size and strength he makes up for in skill and athleticism. Finishing his junior year, Castonzo has been a starter for BC from day one. He has the quickness to take on a speed rusher and get to the second level in run blocking. However, unless he spends a lot of time with the strength trainer, he may be a liability in short-yardage situations.
If the Lions look to replace Julian Peterson next year, Ayers would be a slightly bigger and faster model. A redshirt junior, Ayers has become the undisputed leader on the Bruins defense, and projects to a strongside linebacker in a 4-3 scheme. Assuming he declares for the draft, Ayers's size and speed would be a good fit on the Lions defense. The only knock on him is that his tackling needs to improve (so again, he would be a good fit on the Lions D! Zing!).
A big, physical cornerback, Amukamara can make an impact in both pass and run defense. He has good instincts and quick feet, but does not possess elite speed. Of course, that's what they said about Charles Woodson, and he worked out okay. Besides, how great would it be to have TWO former Cornhuskers with difficult-to-pronounce names?
What would a draft article be without a little quarterback controversy? This one is probably a moot point since Luck (assuming the redshirt sophomore declares for the draft) could very well be the number one pick. However, should the young man be sitting on the board when the Lions have their first pick, it may cause some uncomfortable moments in the war room. Luck has prototypical size, arm and pocket presence for a top NFL quarterback.
Although Matthew Stafford has shown great promise when he has played, the fact is he has not played very much. Seeing what Sam Bradford has done in St. Louis this year could have the Lions front office hoping to get "Lucky." Ouch, what an awful pun.


Portada has officially launched its Council System. The five different council units already met once virtually during the first quarter and in-person at Portada Miami in mid-April. The next in-person meetings will be at Portada New York and Portada Mexico. Check out what the brand marketing member executives have to say about the experience so far!


ATV Friendly, Fire Pits, Pic Nik Tables, Shady and Open areas!!
Restaurant Next Door!!! Try the buffet on the weekends!!!!
Only 35 minutes from the Fundy National Park and the highest tides in the world! Cape Enrage is another view that one cannot miss!!


text:
EVE Echoes Announced For iOS And Android
Liam Ferguson | August 7, 2019
CCP Games and NetEase Games have announced that a closed alpha will take place this month for their new mobile MMO EVE Echoes.
The EVE Echoes alpha will go live on Monday, August 26th, and run for four weeks ending Friday, September 20th. To participate, players can register on the official EVE Echoes website. Applicants who meet the technical requirements will be notified by email prior to the alpha's commencement. To mark the announcement, CCP and NetEase have released this cinematic teaser trailer:
EVE Echoes is a tech-pushing mobile MMO based on hallmark EVE Online design principles. In Echoes, players will be able to forge their own path to glory within a massive sandbox environment and form alliances with other players from across the galaxy to shape the game's persistent universe. It will utilize NetEase Games' proprietary graphics engine, NeoX, in combination with CCP's game design to realize EVE's trademark starry void and futuristic aesthetic.
"EVE Echoes represents the next revolutionary step in mobile MMO gaming, bringing the mind-boggling scale and sophistication of our legendary PC-based virtual world to the palm of your hand," said Hilmar V. Pétursson, CEO of CCP Games. "We're thrilled to be partnering with NetEase, one of the world's leaders in mobile gaming, on bringing an authentic EVE experience designed from the ground up for mobile to new audiences across the globe."
The EVE Echoes closed alpha will be available August 26th to September 20th for selected Australian, New Zealand, and Nordic iOS users with iPhone 6S or above, or Android users with a Samsung Note8, Note9, S8, S9, Huawei P30, or Google Pixel 2. EVE Online has been evolving into an incredibly massive and ambitious persistent-world MMO since 2003, and this seems like the next logical step for it. Even if I'm not personally interested in playing it, it will be interesting to watch how this experiment unfolds.
File Under: CCP Games, EVE Online


Download The Nowhere Girls free pdf ebook online. The Nowhere Girls is a book by Amy Reed on 10-10-2017. Enjoy reading book with 5331 readers by starting download or read online The Nowhere Girls.
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SAT/ACT Writing Section Requirements. Both the SAT and ACT have a Writing section that includes an essay. FSU requires you to take the SAT/ACT Writing section. They'll use this as another factor in their admissions consideration.
If you want to study at the FSU, you have to write an admission essay. Below given is an elaborate guide on how to write brilliant FSU admission essays.


text:
Q: Terminal command to identify and clear runaway system storage Every few months I have moved data out of my mac computer onto a hard drive because of this problem. I now again have this alert in the Terminal: Your disk space is critically low. Older terminal scrollback contents may be automatically discarded to conserve VM backing store.:

And this one on the desktop: Your disk is almost full. Save space by optimising storage:

I click on Manage and see that system storage is taking 80 GB on a 128 GB SSD drive:

I cleared more files yesterday and had 6 GB of storage free. A few hours later, free space went down to 3 GB, all taken by system storage. I will soon have nothing left on the computer but system storage, and then have to reinstall it and go back to the more normal 10 GB.
I have run this command to find files larger than 1 GB; it shows only the Spotlight file with 4 GB.
$ sudo find /Volumes/Macintosh\ HD/ -size +1G  2>/dev/null
Password:
/Volumes/Macintosh HD//.Spotlight-V100/Store-V2/CA9AE856-FB94-4765-9028-38E04BEC9683/0.indexArrays

What Terminal commands could I run to identify the source of this runaway system storage and to clear it?
Note: Similar to the unanswered System storage keeps on increasing , except that I provided more textual details on the alert and that I am looking first to identify the issue with a Terminal command.


Muse Challenge #237 where Tracey provided one of her CAS beauties for our inspiration.
CASology 270 - Cue Word is 'Odd' - Three flowers are colored on my card.
Inspirations from Tracey's card include similar layout (although opposite of Tracey's), color hues, floral, black sentiment.
I stamped and masked flowers and leaves. Three flowers were colored with light toned yellows and bright pink Copic markers. In keeping with the Muse card, one of the flowers and a few leaves were left uncolored. For some shimmer clear WOS was applied to the colored flowers.
visiting and commenting ... always appreciate your feedback.
I love how the partial colouring adds so much drama - imagine that a technique with less work actually has so much impact! lol! Thanks for joining us at Muse this week, Marilyn!
Brilliant masking and gorgeous partial coloring, Marilyn!
Hey Marilyn!! Such a pretty card. The colors are fantastic blended. I love it. Thank you so much for playing with us this week at CASology.


Avalanche Studios have gone quiet about their Mad Max game since Gamescom 2013. Its initial reveal during Sony's E3 2013 presser didn't offer much in the way of details. At Gamescom 2013 the studio was a bit more willing to talk about the title, hinting at upgradeable arsenals and persistent hostile weather patterns. We're now months after the fact and it looks like the title has received a proper street date; 5/31/2014. Not only is the title street dated at a major retailer, but the purported date doesn't fall into the normal "placeholder" date scheme.
Publishers will oftentimes set placeholder release dates at the end of fiscal quarters. Pretty handy for earnings calls etc. It's also quite regular to see dummy dates set for the first of the month. This release date doesn't fit into either of those normally utilized schemes. It's also only one of the only titles on the document that haven't had a proper release date announced as of yet.
If this date is legit, than we'll see what Avalanche is able to do in the post apocalyptic setting in a little over six months. For now, we're looking at Mad Max hitting Xbox 360, PlayStation 3, Xbox One, PlayStation 4 and PC around 5/31/2014. The 31st is a Saturday, so that's probably not the exact date, but Friday releases have come and gone with PS4 and Xbox One. It's more likely that we'll see a 6/3/2013 release.
Is The PlayStation 4 Powerful Enough To Contend With Gaming PC's?
Sorry Dylan, games don't release on Saturdays. It's a placeholder date. For all the over analyzing of fiscal reasons behind placeholders dates, you missed the obvious. Bogus article.


AT&T's promise to connect data, technology, distribution and content to make advertising better for all constituents is exciting.
So exciting, in fact, that industry executives from both the buy and sell sides gathered in support of the idea at the Relevance conference in Santa Barbara, Calif., this week, willing to help make it happen.
But if AT&T follows through on its promise to use its PII-based data on 170 million subscribers to deliver on that vision, will it become the next big walled garden?
Onstage at the conference, Brian Lesser, CEO of AT&T advertising unit Xandr, said no. He referred to AT&T as a "community garden" where, unlike Facebook and Google, marketers will be able to use their own attribution models within AT&T's walls and extract more relevant data.
Industry executives are optimistic about the prospect and say AT&T is in a unique position to pull it off.
It's still unclear what that data is. But onstage at the event, AT&T CEO Randall Stephenson alluded to the ability to offer closed-loop attribution tied to client-specific business outcomes.
Dentsu Aegis Network US CEO Nick Brien, whose clients are heavily testing Xandr, said marketers are pleased to choose what they want to measure and take data with them, rather than have AT&T grading its own homework.
There's no technological hurdle for AT&T – or Facebook and Google – to offer marketers more data and the ability to do proprietary measurement, Zacharia added. But because AT&T is both a marketing and media company, it may have more empathy for the needs of the rest of the industry than the duopoly.
Partnership was a key theme at the event, as traditional media owners and TV buyers realize they need to team up to compete with the duopoly.
As AT&T gains more inventory from other content providers and improves its ability to target on TV, measurement will inevitably improve too, Wiener added.
"The more that you are in a marketplace where you're buying on specific advanced audiences or demos, that allows you to better plan buy and evaluate the success," he said.
But the extent to which AT&T shares its proprietary data – and invites a community into its garden – will depend on how regulation shakes out on a federal and state level.