Sokaku Takeda and Morihei Ueshiba student Admiral Isamu Takeshita on the right.
All 243 pages of this beautifully remastered manual are available for download at the bottom of this essay from Scott Burke, which explains what the "Phantom Manual" is and how it is related to Aikido Founder Morihei Ueshiba and Aikido. Enjoy!
This Yamato Ryu is very much a product of Ueshiba's students. His name is even written in the back indicating some level of oversight over the book, possibly as editor. Unless I'm losing my sight there is no mention of Aiki in this book. There is no mention of Heaven, earth, man or anything obvious pointing towards internal training methods. This is a straightforward collection of self-defense techniques for women in early Showa era Japan. As a historical document, it begs questions about who-knew-who in the mid 1930's, as there are some interesting names attached to this work.
Firstly, the illustrations are by Takako Kunigoshi, one of Ueshiba O-Sensei's Kobukan era students and the illustrator of the famed Budo Renshu aka Aikijujutsu Densho. There are over two hundred illustrations depicting self-defense techniques. These techniques are often shown with the figures in regular Showa era (1930's) daily wear, with only a few done with the participants wearing something like dogi. The manual's authorship is credited to Fujiko Suzuki, a third dan Judo and shodan kendo practitioner. Her signature and a stamp with the characters Yamato Ryu Soke, are on the book. Aside from an article in a 1937 housewife helper's magazine (below) and the 1937 Jijishashin press clipping (above) there is nothing more definitive that I can find on Fujiko Suzuki so far.
Editor: I imagine there weren't very many women among the deshi in those days.
There were only two of us! The other woman was two or three years younger than myself. I received New Year's greeting cards from her up until a few years ago. Even now it seems that her nephew is going to the dojo. But as you said, in those days not many women went to train. Ever so, Ueshiba Sensei never made us feel different by changing things "because you are a woman".
I started early in 1933 and it was after about a year that we did the book so I suppose it would have been around 1934. These pictures were really difficult to do! I had to do them all twice, you know. Even so I always felt there were some problems left. The second book was never printed after all but… At any rate, this particular version has the first drawings.
Just about the time that the war started my alma mater was on summer vacation and I spent something like three days teaching something more akin to self-defense than to Aikido. If we could have taken those 50 people who were to learn and divide then into three groups for three teachers it would have been fine but as it was after the first day one of the instructors' voices gave out and we ended up having to do the course with only two instructors. I had to take care of 30 of them.
The take away from this, Kunigoshi was actively teaching women's self-defense classes, there was a second female deshi, and most interestingly, there was a second book, seemingly never published. The first of these take aways is the easiest to accept, Kunigoshi teaching women's self-defense classes is a given. Next, an unnamed second female deshi. Well, maybe this was Fujiko Suzuki, and maybe not. Access to Kobukan membership records could clear this up quickly, but on that we'll just have to wait and see what emerges. And lastly, a second book? Is it Yamato Ryu Goshinjutsu? Again, maybe. It's possible that when Kunigoshi was referring to the second book she was actually referring to Aikido Maki no Ichi, a cleaned up and condensed version of Budo Renshu with some slight variations on technique endings.
Or, she could have been thinking of this book, which actually did see print in 1937, although in obviously smaller circulation than Budo Renshu three years previous. The interview with Stan was several decades after the fact and Kunigoshi could simply have misremembered, I know I would be hard pressed to tell you all the details of the copyright clearance report I did for the MGM film library in 1996, though at the time it held all of my attention. At this point, I really don't know which theory is correct. Please feel free to provide leads if you have them.
There are handwritten introductions to the manual from different figures, which give weight to the notion that this book is closely related to Ueshiba and his 1930's cohorts. Restoring this portion of the manual has been tricky, because it is all handwritten and of a style a bit above my ability to read. In some areas the original mimeograph must have accidentally "double stamped" it leaving the initial text especially blurry. I ran the images through Photoshop removing as much grit as I could while retaining the structure of the text. The signatures and titles are larger and easier to read, and besides some lingering grit the calligraphy for the poetry came through clearly.
Mr. Munetaka Abe, Gozo (Shioda)'s middle school headmaster, was struck by the outstanding mental attitude of a young woman, Miss Takako Kunigoshi, who cleaned a nearby shrine every morning. When asked about her exemplary bearing, she gave credit to her aikijutsu teacher and suggested the schoolmaster observe a training session. Thoroughly impressed by what he saw at the nearby Ueshiba Dojo, Mr. Abe urged Gozo's father to enroll his son there.
…Shioda immediately decided to join the dojo. Since two guarantors were required to enter, his father and Mr. Abe provided introductions.
Shioda's entry to Ueshiba's dojo is placed at 1932. According to records available online Mr. Munetaka, was principal at the Tokyo Prefecture Number 6 Middle School from 1922 to 1936. The Yamato Ryu manual was published in 1937. Mr. Munetaka obviously stayed in contact with Kunigoshi, so much so that he contributed calligraphy to the project.
Additionally, Konishi was an early student (1920's) of Morihei Ueshiba. In at least two of Konishi's books (please forgive me, I have the books but they are currently somewhere in "the Pile", and I cannot recall the titles but you have my word that this is the case) he refers to Ueshiba as the head of the Aioi Ryu, a name which Ueshiba only used for a brief period in the 1920's. Admiral Takeshita also trained with the Aioi group, and Takeshita is mentioned by Kunigoshi in her interviews with Stan Pranin. Additionally, one of the few pictures available of Fujiko SUzuki is of her being instructed by Admiral Takeshita. I'll speculate on Takeshita and his influence later.
At the same time, it is said that Yasuhiro learned from Ueshiba that the art had two kinds of spirit, one expressed externally and one expressed only in mind.
In addition to this little bit of information, Konishi's 1957 Karate manual touches on Tenchijin theory and how heaven and earth are expressed through the body.
In about 1935, Konishi Sensei developed another kata – Seiryu. During this period, Konishi Sensei, Ueshiba Sensei, Mabuni Sensei, and Ohtsuka Sensei were training together almost daily. At this time, the Japanese government was largely controlled by top officers of the Imperial Army. Konishi Sensei was asked by the commanding general of the Japanese Army to develop women's self-defense techniques. His first step in fulfilling the Army's request was to ask Mabuni Sensei to help him develop standardized training methods, to help the students remember the techniques.
Together, they developed a karate kata that incorporated the essence of both their styles. As they worked to finalize the kata, they shared it with Ueshiba Sensei, who approved some sections, but advised certain changes. Ueshiba Sensei strongly felt that the kata should be modified based on the gender of the practitioner, because of the need to protect very different sensitive areas. Also a woman's training was normally executed from a natural (higher) stance. Another factor which greatly influenced the kata was the female position in Japanese society. At the time, a woman's life was defined by cultural customs, though both sexes wore kimono and used geta. All these factors were considered in the process of developing the kata.
So beginning in 1935, plans were afoot to develop a women's self-defense system, at the behest of a high-ranking military official.
Yasuhiro's incessant eagerness to acquire the secret of various kinds of martial arts brought him the chance to meet Seiko Fujita, the 14th generation of master of "Koga Ninjutsu" and made him to obtain the license from "Nanban Kito-Ryu".
Seiko Fujita is the third author featured in the foreword of the Yamato Ryu Goshinjutsu manual. 14th Headmaster or Soke of Kōga-ryū Ninjutsu. aka "The Last Ninja".
And here we have a ninja master, and an instructor of the Imperial Army's Nakano School writing a foreword to this women's self defense manual. Ninjutsu is an area where I am out of my depth, so I'll gladly bend an ear and see what people in that area have to say.
Taken together, all of this data points to the idea of a long lost training manual greatly influenced by the teachings of Ueshiba Moritaka, his signature placed down inside the book on an auspicious day, March 1937. One Japanese rare book dealer called this the "phantom book of Morihei Ueshiba".
It is also possible that this is the sum total of multiple actors working together to create a women's self-defense manual under the aegis of Yamato Ryu. Or it could be the sole product of a lost talent, Fujiko Suzuki, Soke of the Yamato Ryu. This "phantom book" has been sitting on my desk for a little too long, but now that the picture restoration is completed I've decided it is best to release it along with my limited findings in the hope that individuals with more information can shed some light on this previously unknown work. I've chased this one for years now. I hope you enjoy giving it a look as much as I did pursuing it.
Ueshiba sensei influence is very evident, it feels like this is the second book of Aikijujitsu Densho, only slightly modified for women self defense. Very intresting, thank you a lot for sharing this one.
Glad that you enjoyed it! Yes, it's very similar to Aikijujutsu Densh0, it's clear where the source is here.


On November 3, SSRC runners, Amy Leibowitz, Stephanie Hawkinson, and Julie Garvey will be running the New York Marathon. They are also raising money for the Glen Doherty Memorial Foundation (Amy and Stephanie) and Autism Speaks (Julie). If you'd like to support any of them in their fundraising efforts please check the Runners Raising Funds Page.
There is also a CycleBar Spin Class event in Wellesley for the Glen Doherty Memorial Foundation on Saturday, October 13 at 4:30pm. This event will help support Amy and Stephanie in their New York Marathon fundraising efforts for the Glen Doherty Memorial Foundation. Nancy Ruggeri has offered to teach the class. Nancy is a fabulous instructor, plays great tunes and will work you hard. There is a post cycle party at 6pm – 27 Rutgers Road. There will be a GDMF gear raffle, auction items and good eats and drink! Come and learn more about Glen and the individuals the Foundation serves. To sign up for the spin class click here.


Fall, it's my favorite time of the year and my favorite time to cook. I LOVE Sunday's at home watching football and baking or coming up with a new gameday recipe.
Today I want to share some of my favorite fall recipes and some I want to try and and mak my own. I always like adding a different twist.
Caramel Crisp Apple Bites are the perfect fall dessert. I made them at our Thanksgiving dinner last year and they were a hit with some vanilla ice cream.
Buffalo Chicken White Chili was a huge hit at my house and I could eat it almost every day. It makes me feel like I'm eating the dip, and that's not acceptable for lunch, but my chili is. It's so easy to make and was addicting as you can imagine.
Bacon Wrapped Smokies are my number one go to appetizer for watching football games, having our friends over, or a family get together. They are absolutely delicious and everyone can't ever seem to get enough.
I also love a good dip, because they are easy to share and a no brainer for a lazy Sunday. Follow my Pinterest board to stay up on all my kitchen experiments.
Follow Dream Big & Buy The Shoes's board Delicious D I P S on Pinterest.


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President Mamnoon Visits Ailing Kulsoom Nawaz
London (August 26, 2018): President Mamnoon Hussain along with his wife visited Harley Street Clinic on Sunday to inquire about the health of ailing Kulsoom Nawaz, the wife of former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif.
While talking to journalists outside Harley Street Clinic, President Mamnoon Hussain said that he talked to Kulsoom Nawaz in the hospital.
Click Play Button To Watch This Video:
He said Kulsoom appealed the nation to pray for her early recovery. Mamnoon Hussain said that he still stands with former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif. Earlier, Hussain Nawaz received the president and his wife at the clinic. It is pertinent here to mention that Begum Kulsoom Nawaz is undergoing treatment for throat cancer in London's Harley Street Clinic. The former premier's wife was diagnosed with lymphoma – a cancer of the lymph nodes – in August last year. She has since undergone several sessions of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Initially, she showed signs of improvement but as of later, her condition deteriorated.
President Mamnoon Hussain Arrives In London
President Mamnoon Hussain Leaves For UK
Couple Killed For Honour In Jhang
PTI Announces 23-Member Punjab Cabinet

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Another trade fair we attended. We had two successful days at the digility 2018. The visitors tried our current projects and demos from the VR, AR and e-learning field.
Augmented Reality offers the possibility to bring digital products into customers' real world.
Here's a little example – our Rim Selector (iOS / Android), which lets users try out new virtual rims on their car in real time through their iPhone!
Our explanatory films make your product the attraction. Support your marketing department and increase your sales. Use it for exhibitions, presentations, website and social media.
Take a look at the different examples!


Opportunity for Paris locals** with a startup called City Catt. It is a platform that connects travelers with locals in their destinations. Locals can work through the platform from their phones and make extra money.
The job is texting travelers back answering questions about your city and giving tips on the best things to do in town.


Also braking may be done through the reverse light (using reflected light). Partly the sail surface consists of solar panels to produce energy for the city to be able to function. The transforming part allows to adjust the length of the city on the basis of the height of the orbit of the planet on which it needs to be landed. Core is a central structure to which all the elements of the city are attached. It stretches. Material used for core construction— graphene pipes. Settlement includes housing, manufacturing, greenhouses and other necessary structures for the lives of citizens. Can be placed along the entire length of the core, except for a part of the transformation, but are concentrated around the center of mass to maintain the City in equilibrium.


FITS NECK SIZE 13.5-16.5 inches. The item "NEW COACH HOT PINK BONE MEDIUM LEATHER DOG PET COLLAR M" is in sale since Friday, September 21, 2018. This item is in the category "Pet Supplies\Dog Supplies\Collars". The seller is "theycalleditpuppylove" and is located in Knoxville, Tennessee. This item can be shipped to United States.


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A Ledger Blog
Polk Baseball Club's Pirates win tournament in S.C.
Tuesday, July 26, 2016 at 3:05 by admin
The July Fourth weekend wasn't a bad weekend for the Polk Baseball Club's 11U and 9U teams. The teams, based in South Lakeland, traveled to Myrtle Beach, S.C., to play in the Tidal Wave Tournament at The Ripken Experience. The 11U Pirates left as champions as the 9U Punishers finished third. The Pirates went 2-1 in pool play and secured the No. 2 seed in the double-elimination round. The Punishers won four of their first five games to lock up… Read More »
Incredibles sending five track athletes to AAU Junior Olympics
After a strong weekend at the 2016 AAU National Club Championships at Disney, five members of the Lakeland Incredibles Track and Field team are headed to the AAU Junior Olympics. Chelsi and Tyson Williams, Jaden Rudolph, Alicia Ruiz and Kassidy Hayward will compete at the AAU Junior Olympics later this month. The event begins on July 27 in Houston, but the track events begin on July 30 in Humble, Texas. Ruiz and Chelsi Williams won national titles in Orlando as… Read More »
Polk County Elite sending six to AAU Junior Olympics
Six athletes from the Polk County Elite Youth Track and Field Club will head to the AAU Junior Olympics this week. Ladarus Tellis, Jakayla Dorsey, Zachariah Ware, Ava Jones, Ashanta Jones and Kayla Dennis will compete at the national event in Houston. The track and field events will be held at Turner Stadium in Humble, Texas and begin July 30. The track and field portion of the competition ends on August 6. Tellis, 13, will run in the 800-, 1,500-… Read More »
Bartow Intimidators win USFA World Series
The Bartow Intimidators softball team went to Panama City Beach and won a championship. The team of girls from Lake Wales and Bartow went 11-1 at the 2016 United States Fastpitch Association World Series from July 10-16. The Intimidators knocked off undefeated Georgia Cage to win the 38-team division. Georgia handed Bartow its first loss of the tournament, but the Intimidators rallied to beat them twice in the finals — first 3-2 and again 4-3. The Intimidators were coached by… Read More »
Florida Senior Games registration opens
Registration is open for the 2016 Florida Senior Games. Held in Clearwater from Dec. 3-11, the games are open to athletes over the age of 50 and will serve as a qualifier for the 2017 National Senior Games next summer in Birmingham, Ala. The games will feature 26 sports with divisions for both men and women. The registration cost varies depending upon the number of events a competitor competes in. Registration is available online at www.floridaseniorgames.com. Competitors can also register… Read More »
Jogo Bonito camp is today; registration still open
There will be on-site registration for the Jogo Bonito Mustang Soccer Camp today from 4:30 to 5:30 p.m. at Crystal Lake Middle School in Lakeland. In its second year, the camp is free and open to boys and girls between the ages of 4-18 years old. Jogo Bonito is rooted in the Portuguese phrase, the "Beautiful Game" and is a faith-based camp. For more information, you can email the camp at jogobonitosoccercamp@gmail.com.
Youth wrestler learns from loss on big stage
Brendon Abdon really didn't choose wrestling. You could say wrestling chose him. The 13-year-old was raised in a wrestling family. His father, Brian, was the wrestling coach at Lakeland and Brendon has been on the mat since he was 6 years old. Winning has been commonplace on the club circuit this year for the soon-to-be eighth-grader at Lawton Chiles. After falling to Texas' Parker Decker in the final match at the ASICS Kids Freestyle and Greco Roman Nationals in Wisconsin… Read More »
Lakeland YMCA set to try for Guinness Book of World Records spot
The Lakeland Family YMCA hopes to earn a spot in the Guinness Book of World Records this weekend. Cycling instructor Mary Marcia Brown will lead a class of at least 10 cyclists in an official attempt at setting the record for the longest static cycling class. The attempt will begin at noon on Saturday and, if all goes well, will run until 2:15 p.m. on Sunday. The rules, as laid out by Guinness, state that all riders must be riding… Read More »
Impact Volleyball Academy finishes third at AAU Junior Nationals
Monday, July 11, 2016 at 4:11 by admin
Impact Volleyball Academy's 16U team finished second at the AAU Junior National Tournament. Held in Orlando from June 23-26, the travel volleyball team finished second in the 16's Aspire Championship Division. The team finished in the top three last season as well. Impact's Hope Gorby, Sammy Donovan and Bailee Mack were named to the tournament's All-Star team. Also playing for the team were Morgan Shupsky, Alayna Garber, Gracie Smoak, Mickey Mouse, Yadira Lyons, Claire Mense, Ana Wasmund, Lily Duce and… Read More »
Flamingos do well at Junior Olympics in New York
The Lakeland YMCA Flamingos came home from the Junior Olympics in New York with a pair of encouraging finishes. The synchronized swimming program sent its 13-15 and 16-17 teams to the national event in Long Island, N.Y. last week. The 16-17 team, featuring swimmers between 16-17 years old, made the 13-team final and finished 13th. Swimming for that team was Lilly Blackstone, Astrid Ericson, Kaitlyn Howe, Jillian McDonough, Sarah Meeker and Stepanie Salvucci. The 13-15 team, which is an inexperienced… Read More »


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Business Plan Competition - 2010
The College of Nanoscale Science & Engineering (CNSE) at the University at Albany, UAlbany's School of Business, the Lally School of Management and Technology at Rensselaer, and Union Graduate College School of Management hosted the area's first business plan competition focusing on renewable energy and sustainable innovations.
The event was held at CNSE's facilities on April 28, 2010. For a printable overview of the competition, please click on the "competition flyer" links directly below.
Download the competition flyer (200 KB)
Download the single page competition flyer (120 KB)
Click here to see the Event Photos!
Creating the Competition
CNSE, in partnership with UAlbany's School of Business, the Lally School of Management and Technology at Rensselaer, and Union Graduate College School of Management will organize the region's first business plan competition with a focus on energy technology. The event was held at CNSE's facilities on April 28, 2010.
Current students from accredited colleges submitted business plans around a student-born innovation that was designed for a currently unmet need. The top applications were selected to present at CNSE in the final round. The three best rated teams earned a prize, with the first place winner receiving $10,000 cash, $8,000 of in-kind services from Heslin Rothenberg Farley Mesiti, PC, and $1,000 of in-kind business strategic consulting services from ECG Consulting.
Teams had at least two members, with a maximum of six members (excluding the advisor). Students from different academic areas were encouraged to work together to create the strongest team possible. One faculty member was required to be listed as an advisor for the team, offering guidance, support, and technical expertise.
The competition encouraged students to fully engage in their research and allowed them to gain valuable experience through presenting their business plan to industry executives and investors.
The final competition was held onsite at the College of Nanoscale Science & Engineering at the University at Albany on April 28, 2010. The top teams presented their business plan to a panel of investors, scientists, and energy industry executives. To review the judges for the 2010 Tech Valley Business Plan Competiton, please click here. The panel judged the teams based on the outlined criteria here.
The 2010 Tech Valley Business Plan Competition finalists are (in alphabetical order):
1. Active Recharge (School of Business, University at Albany)
2. Aurora Technologies (College of Nanoscale Science & Engineering, University at Albany)
3. BESS Technologies [Battery Energy-Storage System] (College of Nanoscale Science & Engineering, University at Albany)
4. Controlled Environment High Rise Farm (Clarkson University)
5. EcoWash (College of Nanoscale Science & Engineering, University at Albany)
6. Independence Public Biking System [iBike] (School of Business, University at Albany)
7. PassiveFit (School of Business, University at Albany)
8. Power Park (School of Business, University at Albany)
9. Promethean Revolution (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute)
10. Smart Ennovation (College of Nanoscale Science & Engineering, University at Albany)
11. SunFlower Solar Energy (Union College)
12. Sustain-a-PET (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute)
The presentations began promptly at 2pm. Following the presentations was a celebratory reception for all the participants while the judges' scores were tallied. At the conclusion of the reception, the top three winners were announced and prizes distributed.
- First place - BESS Technologies of UAlbany CNSE for its next-generation
1st Place - CNSE
BESS Technologies
battery storage technology. CNSE students Brian Butcher, Ph.D. candidate in Nanoengineering/Nanoeconomics, and Jae Ho Lee and Isaac Lund, Ph.D. candidates in Nanoengineering, received $10,000 in cash, $8,000 of in-kind legal services from Heslin Rothenberg Farley Mesiti, PC, and $1,000 of in-kind business strategic consulting services from ECG Consulting.
- Second place - Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute's (RPI) Sustain-a-PET focusing on recyclable teddy bears. Christina Laskowski and Todd Snelsen, Ph.D. candidates in Mechanical Engineering, and Ph.D. candidate in Management Eric C. Peterson, received $5,000 in cash and $1,000 of in-kind business strategic consulting services from ECG Consulting.
- Third place - Clarkson University Engineering and Management Seniors Sean Bonnell and Bridget Howley received $2,000 in cash for their Controlled Environment High Rise Farm project that focuses on aeroponic farming through a high-rise commercial farm.
Congratulations to our winners and to all our participants on a job well done! A very sincere thank you to our sponsors, without whom the competition would not be possible.
1:30-2:00 Registration
2:00-2:15 Welcome | Opening Remarks
2:15-2:35 EcoWash | Wrap-up Judge: Sean Branagan, Communigration
2:35-2:55 Active Recharge | Wrap-up Judge: Richard Frederick
2:55-3:15 Promethean Revolution | Wrap-up Judge: J. Peter Lynch, Salem Financial
3:15-3:35 SunFlower Solar Energy | Wrap-up Judge: Les Neumann, Hudson Valley Center for Innovation
3:35-3:55 Break
3:55-4:15 Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) Technologies | Wrap-up Judge: Bela Musits, High Peaks Ventures
4:15-4:35 PassiveFit | Wrap-up Judge: Bob Kennedy, Einhorn Yaffee Prescott Architecture & Engineering
4:35-4:55 Independence Public Biking System (iBike) | Wrap-up Judge: Jeff Rothenberg, Heslin Rothenberg Farley Mesiti PC
4:55-5:15 Controlled High Rise Farm | Wrap-up Judge: John Lemery, Lemery Greisler
5:35-5:55 Smart Ennovation | Wrap-up Judge: Walter Robb, Vantage Management
5:55-6:15 PowerPark | Wrap-up Judge: Ann Partlow, Earthrise Capital
6:15-6:35 Sustain-a-PET | Wrap-up Judge: Jan Woodcock, Wipro Technologies
6:35-6:45 Aurora Technologies | Wrap-up Judge: Michael Newell, Ener-G-Rotors
6:45-7:15 Closing Remarks
7:15-8:30 Reception | Announce Presentation Winners
University Sponsors
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7 EVERYDAY Things That Are a Total RIP-OFF {IMO}
Get your first 3 months of Ritual vitamins for 10% off here: https://www.ritual.com/alpham + code 'AlphaM10'
https://www.ritual.com/alpham10
In this video men's style, grooming, fitness, and lifestyle expert, Aaron Marino of IAmAlphaM https://iamalpham.com/ AaronMarino https://aaronmarino.com/ Pete & Pedro https://peteandpedro.com/ Tiege Hanley https://www.tiege.com/and ENEMY https://enemy.com/ says these are his opinions. He feels you're getting screwed by buying these things — you need to be aware! Here's the rip-off report.
You are getting screwed!
Gym membership — the reality is that 90% of the people who pay for a gym membership never use it. They join, use it for a week, intend to use it again, but they never do and never cancel.
Most workout supplements — you have to rely on the honesty and integrity of the companies because the FDA doesn't regulate them. Wild claims can be made, but Alpha believes in certain supplements but he says you need to work out and eat a healthy diet.
Multivitamins — poor quality vitamins get peed-out. But you need to fill in the nutritional gaps from your diet, so you need to take a high-quality version that your body can absorb. Alpha uses Ritual that has essential nutrients for men. There are no synthetic fillers or shady additives; they dissolve in your small intestines which you will absorb more nutrients than typical vitamins. For a dollar a day, you're worth it.
Expensive razors and blades — a ton of online companies sell high-quality versions at a fraction of the price of designer blades in the grocery stores. Alpha also warns of companies trying to sell replacement blades for a motorized trimmer every 3-months. He's never replaced his motorized trimmer blades.
Brand name drugs — the only difference between the brand name and generic is the price. It's a huge scam — so opt for the store brand.
Pets from pet stores — adopt not shop! Pet stores often sell pets from puppy mills and then finance the pets to buyers.
Starbucks and bottled water — Alpha occasionally buys bottled water but uses a metal bottle with a filtration system most of the time. The majority of bottled water is not any better for you than tap. Also sexy designer coffee is a huge rip off — you can get pounds of coffee for the amount you pay for one cup.


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Business Insider | Trending
Dutch cyclist forcibly stopped by security who didn't know she was Olympian, went on to win bronze
Scott Davis , Business Insider US
Anna van der Breggen.
Tim de Waele/Getty Images
Dutch cyclist Anna van der Breggen was stopped by security at the Olympics when they didn't recognise her.
Van der Breggen fell off her bike during a confrontation, but was not injured.
She went on to win bronze in the time trials, while compatriot Annemiek van Vleuten won gold.
For more stories go to www.BusinessInsider.co.za.
Dutch cyclist Anna van der Breggen overcame a mishap with Olympic security to win a bronze medal in the women's individual time trial.
According to a report from the Associated Press, security officials confronted Van der Breggen during a training session on the course because they didn't know she was an Olympian.
During the confrontation, van der Breggen reportedly fell from her bike, but was not injured.
A Japanese cycling coach had posted a video to Twitter showing security surrounding the Dutch team.
??????????????@raykerckhoffs ??… So sorry big problem…#Tokyo2020 pic.twitter.com/zYFpu6Qjic
— ??Kyosuke Takei?? (@takeikyosuke) July 27, 2021
Rio gold medalist Van der Breggen told Dutch cycling news outlet Wielerflits that there had previously been trespassers on the course and security got mixed up.
"Because there were a few girls on the track who cycled around unsupervised, the security was very strict," Van der Breggen said. "We were checked for the first time. When we passed that point again, we wanted to continue, but the security again jumped in front of our bike. Not much more has happened."
She said she was fine and wanted to move on from the incident.
Officials at Fuji International Speedway, where the incident took place, issued an apology to the Dutch team, according to the AP.
After winning bronze in the trial, Van ber Breggen told reporters she was still happy with the time, though she felt she did not have her best race.
"It's a shame in any case, because I felt good beforehand," she said, via De Telegraaf. "Now I'm especially glad it's over. I'm looking forward to a holiday."
It's been a calamitous Olympics so far for Dutch cyclists.
Annemiek van Vleuten, a favourite in Rio before suffering a horrific crash, took silver in the 137km race in Tokyo. However, she thought she had won gold, not realising an Australian cyclist had broken well ahead of the pack. Van Vleuten made amends on Wednesday, beating Van der Breggen to take gold in the time trial.
In another incident, Dutch mountain biker Mathieu van der Poel - a gold medal favourite - suffered a scary crash when he didn't realise a ramp that had been on the course during practice was removed. He was able to keep competing, but fell out of contention.
And on Monday, BMX world champion Niek Kimmann crashed into a security official who wandered on the course and injured his knee.
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text:
Deze lijst van voetbalinterlands is een overzicht van alle officiële voetbalwedstrijden tussen de nationale teams van Liechtenstein en Roemenië. De landen hebben tot op heden zes keer tegen elkaar gespeeld. De eerste ontmoeting, een kwalificatiewedstrijd voor het Wereldkampioenschap voetbal 1998, was op 29 maart 1997 in Boekarest. Het laatste duel, een kwalificatiewedstrijd voor het Wereldkampioenschap voetbal 2022, vond plaats op 14 november 2021 in Vaduz.

Wedstrijden

Samenvatting

Liechtenstein
Roemenië

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


My journey, like most people has been varied and interesting.
Having worked in a number of different fields ranging from IT and Telecommunications, in a variety of roles from help desk to management. All have provided skills and opportunities which I have enjoyed.
However, the latest opportunity i have taken up as a mortgage broker, has provided the most satisfaction in directly helping/assisting people achieve their goals and dreams, combined with me being able to control my work and life balance.
Hopefully my breadth of life experience with an understanding of your needs combined with a professional referrel network, will be the beginning of an ongoing relationship based on integrity and obtaining your financial goals.


text:
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Freeway Asks Beanie Sigel If Kanye West "Cut The Check" Yet
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text:
Bardonnex es una comuna suiza del cantón de Ginebra.

Geografía
Comuna rural situada en la frontera sur del cantón de Ginebra, Bardonnex posee cuatro aldeas. Los grandes cultivos sobre la llanura dejan sitio a la viticultura en la ladera sur. Bardonnex es conocida como puerta de entrada de turistas, pues la aduana de la autopista del sur lleva su nombre.

La comuna limita al norte con la comuna de Plan-les-Ouates, al este con Troinex, al sureste, sur y suroccidente con las comunas francesas de Bossey, Archamps, Collonges-sous-Salève y Saint-Julien-en-Genevois, y finalmente al noroccidente con la comuna suiza de Perly-Certoux.

Historia
Bardonnex es mencionada por primera vez con el nombre de Bardonacum, en una bula del Papa Eugenio III, datada del 1 de marzo de 1153. Entonces la iglesia de Bardonnex pertenecía al priorato de Saint-Jean-hors-les-murs (San Juan fuera de los muros) en Ginebra, el mismo dependiente de la Abadía de Ainay (cerca de Lyon).

La comuna perdió su iglesia tras la ocupación bernesa (1536-1567) y los habitantes del lugar pasaron a depender de la parroquia de Compesières.

El 18 de marzo de 1816, fecha de la firma del Segundo Tratado de Turín, Compesières hizo parte de las comunas cedidas por los reinos de Cerdeña y Francia a la República de Ginebra, con el fin de permitirle desenclavar su territorio para poder entrar a ser parte de la Confederación Helvética.

Con la modificación de fronteras, Compesières pierde la aldea de Lathoy, pero gana las de Perly, Certoux y Evordes, así como un terrero en Croix-de-Rozon. También posee las aldeas de Arare, Bardonnex, Charrot, Drize, Landecy, Plan-les-Ouats y Saconnex-Arve.

Perly y Certoux se separan de Compesières en 1820 para formar la actual comuna de Perly-Certoux. Tras algunos conflictos en cuanto a los fondos comunales, la comuna de Compesières fue dividida el 16 de junio de 1851, en las comunas de Bardonnex y Plan-les-Ouates. Las aldeas de Arare y Saconnex-d'Arve fueron añadidas a la comuna de Plan-les-Ouates.

La forma actual de la comuna existe desde 1852.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Sitio oficial de la comuna de Bardonnex

Comunas de Ginebra


Here's a short media consumption list, from the worst and least nutritious to the most nurturing. Rule of thumb don't eat anything that will give you cancer.
Vice – The exhaust fan of a Chinese restaurant.
Buzzfeed – A soggy bagel brandished by a drunk guy who wants to fight you.
Twitter – All you can eat at Sizzler.
Linked In – A dinner prepared by a celebrity chef with ingredients you've never heard before.
WordPress – A banana smoothie with cinnamon and cacao nibs.
Anything read on a kindle – A fat free version of your favourite food.
A Classic Book – A Japanese tea ceremony by Geishas.


text:
A slogan is a memorable motto or phrase.

Slogan may also refer to:

Joseph Slogan (born 1931), Canadian politician
Slogan (film), a 1969 French film
Slogans (film), a 2001 Albanian film
"Slogans" (song), a remixed version of Bob Marley song released in 2005
Slogan (heraldry)
Slogan, a font designed by Aldo Novarese (1957)

See also
Lists of slogans
Tagline


text:
Q: Cannot Subscript Value of Type JSON to an Index of Type JSON Error in Swift I am using Wunderground to gather history data, using SwiftyJSON. However, in the API, a section called "dailysummary" is curtained off in an array. Abbreviated, it looks something like this:
"history": {
    "dailysummary": [{
        "stuff": "here"
    ]}

I had tried to isolate the content inside the array with this:
var jsonData = json["history"]["dailysummary"]
var arrayData = json["history"]["dailysummary"][0]
jsonData = json["history"]["dailysummary"][arrayData]

This code returns an error saying it cannot subscript a value of type 'JSON' with an index of type 'JSON'. Is there any way to make this work, or a way to get the data from to array in this format?

A: You want something like:
var arrayData = json["history"]["dailysummary"][0]["stuff"].

arrayData is a dictionary.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Portfolio: Location recording Royal Boskalis Westminster N.V.
In the harbour of Porto do Açu, at north of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Connecting Media produced locations recordings for Royal Boskalis Westminster N.V. - Dredging and marine experts.
Besides recording footage with our shoulder camera in 4K, our Brazilian crew also took care of shooting of 4K Drone footage. The footage and pictures have being transmitted by us to Royal Boskalis Westminster N.V. in The Netherlands. They produced a nice projectvideo from our footage.


It was early November 2018 when we weighed anchor in Balbulol, Misool, a magical isolated anchorage amid conical karst cliffs. Misool is in the southernmost part of Raja Ampat Marine Reserve and is strikingly beautiful, in fact for nine months of the year you can dive and snorkel in crystal clear coral waters with all types of fish and rays. We spotted whales spouting and schools of dolphins as we sailed southward. Our next stop might have been Triton Bay on the south-west coast of Papua, again to swim with whale sharks and the Pygmy seahorse, but our time was running out for our entry to Australia and a cyclone free voyage south along the east coast of northern Queensland.
their campaign has taken hold and it won't be long!
For four days we motor sailed to get some good angles in light to moderate ESE breezes, although for one 24 hour period when the wind backed to the E and 1m swell from the same direction, we had some wonderful sailing. We weathered Cape Wessell at the entrance to the Gulf of Carpentaria in 2m swell with the wind backing again to the N. Australia!! Clearing in to Gove was so laid back we began to wonder if all the stories we'd heard about officious Border Force and Customs officers were fictitious!!
We met Lars Larson on Nanok, a Colin Archer 49 and rented a truck together for a few hours. I'm ashamed to say that neither of us were flying the Flying Fish and it wasn't until we arrived in Sydney that we found out he was a member of the OCC!!
Queensland inside the Great Barrier Reef and anchored in the lagoon at Lizard Island for three days, meeting up with other sailors for drinks and tale-telling on the beach.
amazing area but we had to move southward.
year for cruising in the Whitsundays with the threat of sharks, irukandji and box jellyfish and, horror of horrors, horseflies which made themselves at home from one end of the boat to the other!
By 1st January we were holed up in Mackay Harbour Marina waiting for Tropical Cyclone Penny to come and go. By 19th January we were anchored in Port Macquarie and Tropical Oma was moving down the coast! By the time we reached Pittwater and Sydney Harbour the rain and strong winds had cleared and we had some wonderful respite with old friends and family.
We arrived at the Flying Squadron for the OCC meet a day late! Not sure how that happened?
This is our last report as Roving Rear Commodores as we sail towards Tasmania to build a house in the Huon Valley. We will continue to cruise locally and do some club racing and look forward to sitting back and reading of adventures far and wide by intrepid OCC members.


Why use Continuous Section Breaks always instead of Next Page?
section. The page title style on each page has a "page break before" it.
versions of Office have now cleared up? We are using Office 2003.
at the end of a page.
never moves, then it seems to work fine no matter what I do.
move things around and insert things into it from other files.
the selection will always be Continuous, let's make all sections that type."
or headers and footers if everything is the same type of section break.
section. The page title style on each page has a "page break before"
elements of previous documents for new ones, rather than build from scratch.


The security risks of digitized documents cause businesses across all industries to spend top dollar ensuring the protection of sensitive information as well as their brand's authenticity. The quest for a solution to this problem may soon end thanks to the introduction of CognitiveTPG's "DocuShield" printing technology.
An on-demand, printing technology, DocuShield enables users to build security into labels, packaging, and other documents without having to have special licensing, keys, or even special paper. The variable thermal print technology creates multiple layers of security features (overt, covert, and forensic) without sacrificing safety, protection, or brand integrity to provide a secure solution. In addition, DocuShield can coordinate with smart devices, apps, and cloud technology for tracking, auditing, and authenticating as well as existing security protocol.Ultimately, the system offers the most ease, flexibility, and security of any system currently on the market.
One of the greatest assets to DocuShield is that businesses don't have to purchase specialized paper to encrypt security; simply stated, the technology contained within the printer itself is responsible for building security. Maintaining supplies and ensuring the safety of pre-printed security paper stocksbecomes a thing of the past. Because the printer is a thermal printer and uses heat to produce images, businesses ultimately save cash by eliminating the need to purchase bottle after bottle of toner. An expert in the field of thermal printing, CognitiveTPG has found a way to protect and secure the thermal printing process. In addition, the DocuShield printer has a much smaller footprint than the standard laser printer and can be conveniently be placed anywhere.
One case study done from Wauseon, Ohio, reveals DocuShield's potential for DocuShield to revolutionize security in the medical and pharmaceutical industries. Employees of the Fulton County Health Center followed all of the legal procedures for making safe prescriptions but didn't feel that the pre-printed, 'secure' prescription pads were enough. When the center started using DocuShield, they not only improved security measures, but they also improved efficiency throughout the hospital. The installation of multiple prescription printers improved operations and eliminated unnecessary costs spent on special prescription paper. DocuShield solved the regulatory compliance issue, improved operations, and eliminated costs spent on the specialized paper. "So far we are very pleased with the DocuShield solution. Our administrators are confident that we are in full compliance with CMS regulation, our staff and prescribing physicians no longer have to adhere to extra processes, and our Finance department is thrilled with the extra savings," said Stacy Radabaugh.
Another case study comes from a manufacturer of mining equipment that experienced multiple customer complaints due to machine failure caused by the use of counterfeit screens in its product. Unfortunately, counterfeit screens have made their way into the distribution channel and customers are able to purchase what they believe are manufacturer certified and made screens on the open market. To the untrained eye, it would seem that the customer has purchased an authentic screen rather than a knock off. Guidelines require that the screens are replaced every third day but customers found they were replacing the screens after every shift due to failure. This resulted in significant down time, damage to brand authenticity, and revenue losses estimated at $3 million per year.
The system integrator on the project asked CognitiveTPG to demonstrate an on-demand security print solution to produce a unique packaging label that is difficult to replicate and easy to authenticate without requiring a special reading device or lab analysis. DocuShield pulled through. Because of DocuShield, the manufacturer could assure customers received authentic supplies, kept critical equipment running without costly interruptions or malfunctions, maintained the mining equipment manufacturer's revenue stream, and guaranteed visible indication of counterfeit labels throughout the supply chain. Talk about a way a return on investment and maintain brand integrity.
Keeping up with what is real and what is not, babysitting prescribed security paper—all of this just creates more headache for any company that has to be concerned with security measures, and there isn't any way around it: sensitive information has to be safe. However, when ensuring that level of security becomes an entire career unto itself, businesses need to find a better solution. Case studies suggest that with DocuShield there is one.


Liz practices physical therapy at the UW Health Sports Rehabilitation Clinic. Liz has a special interest in helping moms return to running following childbirth and uses her training in ultrasound imaging to retrain the abdominal muscles following childbirth. She also has an interest in sports related concussions and is the co-coordinator of the UW Sports Rehabilitation Active Moms and Concussion clinics. She is licensed by the state of Wisconsin for physical therapy. Liz sees patients upon referral and through Physical Therapy Direct Access (self referral).
Liz holds a PhD in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Wisconsin-Madison with her dissertation focus on understanding the mechanisms of hamstring strain injuries in sprinting athletes and a Doctorate of Physical Therapy from the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Liz has a research interest regarding how the abdominal muscles recover post-pregnancy and how this relates to running biomechanics. She also has an interest in developing rehabilitation programs using ultrasound imaging as biofeedback to help with retraining of the abdominal muscles following pregnancy. Liz also has a research interest regarding the timing of rehabilitation following sports related-concussions.


Perceptions in Healthy Cooking, Revised Edition, is the new version of chef, teacher, author, counselor, and radio show host, Valerie Wilson's first cookbook. Originally published in 2001, Chef Val has updated all the recipes and added 14 new recipes to the cookbook. All the recipes are vegan, macrobiotic, high fiber, low fat, sugar free. and have been updated to include gluten free options. The cookbook contains 118 easy to follow recipes using whole, real food, along with nutritional information, cooking tips, shopping tips, and cutting techniques.
And Chef Val has included 17 of her original spiritual poems, an informative introduction, and a glossary of cooking ingredients. Some of the most popular recipes in the cookbook are: Sweet Potato Salad, Tempeh Burgers, Macaroni and Mochi, Squash Rings, Apple Blueberry Pie and new ones, Breakfast Energy Soup, Mexican Refried Beans, Kale Chips and Pear Pudding. The sections of the cookbook are: Whole Grains. Beans Tofu and Tempeh, Vegetables, Soups and Salads, Breakfast and Beverages, and Desserts.
The recipes are simple and easy to make, so even the busiest person can enjoy the benefits of eating whole foods. All ingredients can be found at your local health food store and many are now available at grocery stores also.
"I like the soups. They are filled with a variety of vegetables, beans, and grains. They are very tasty and nutritious!"
Perceptions in Healthy Cooking was reviewed by Deborah Adams, BellaOnline Holiday/Seasonal cooking editor. Read the review.
Healthy and Delicious Cooking Spring Season is the second cookbook by chef, author, counselor, and radio show host Valerie Wilson. All the recipes are vegan, macrobiotic, high fiber, low fat,and sugar-free. Using real food, that is whole and organic, Val shares over 25 of her original recipes and full color photos in this informative book.
This cookbook features recipes for the spring season, according to the Five Transformations Of Energy. It is based in Oriental philosophy. Ingredients in this cookbook are designed to feed and nurture your liver, gallbladder, and nervous system and highlight the signature flavor for the spring season, sour. These easy to follow recipes feature, whole grains, beans, tofu, tempeh, soups, a wide variety of vegetables, and desserts made brown rice syrup and other natural sweeteners. Also in the book is a personal note from Val, an informative introduction, forward by best-selling author Annette Rochelle Aben, and a glossary of cooking ingredients.
Pineapple Carrot Cake with Sucanat Frosting.
Vegan Cooking with Kids, Fun Recipes for Children is Chef Val's third cookbook.
In 2016 and 2017, Chef Val volunteered to teach kids for the after school program, Bright Futures. She taught all grades from 3rd grade to high school age. Chef Val is a member of The Girls Scouts of America. She volunteers with a local troop and has used the recipes to help the girls earn some of their badges. The recipes in this cookbook were all used in her classes with great response from the kids. The recipes are intended to help kids learn how to cook healthy dishes with the assistance of a parent or adult. All the recipes are vegan and use whole food ingredients. The recipes are easy to make and fun for the kids.


text:
Meglena Sjtilijanova Koeneva (Bulgaars: Меглена Щилиянова Кунева) (Sofia, 22 juni 1957) is een Bulgaarse politica. Van 1 januari 2007 tot 9 februari 2010 was ze Eurocommissaris voor Consumentenbescherming in de commissie-Barroso I. In eigen land bekleedde zij verschillende ministerschappen en was zij tussen 7 november 2014 en 27 januari 2017 vicepremier.

Levensloop
Koeneva studeerde rechten aan de Universiteit van Sofia en promoveerde daar in 1984. Van 1988 tot 1989 was ze vervolgens docent aan de rechtenfaculteit van de Universiteit van Sofia. Onderwijl was ze ook redacteur en presentator bij de Bulgaarse Nationale Radio. Later, van 1992 tot 1994, was ze lector aan de Vrije Universiteit van Boergas en de Nieuwe Bulgaarse Universiteit. Ze heeft zich hierna gespecialiseerd in internationale betrekkingen en milieurecht aan de Universiteit van Georgetown. Vervolgens heeft ze zich in 1995 nog verder gespecialiseerd in milieurecht aan de Universiteit van Oxford. Koeneva werkte voorts van 1990 tot 2001 als juridisch adviseur voor de Bulgaarse ministerraad. Hier hield ze zich vooral bezig met milieurecht, staatseigendommen, gebruik van natuurlijke hulpbronnen en landbouw.

In juni 2001 werd ze tijdens de parlementsverkiezingen gekozen tot lid van de Nationale Vergadering voor de Nationale Beweging Simeon II. Vervolgens werd ze in augustus van dat jaar aangesteld als onderminister van Buitenlandse Zaken en als hoofdonderhandelaar met de Europese Unie over de Bulgaarse toetreding. In 2002 werd Koeneva vervolgens minister voor Europese Zaken, dit bleef ze tot december 2006. Vanaf januari 2007 tot 2010 was ze vervolgens Eurocommissaris voor Consumentenbescherming, waarmee ze tevens de eerste Bulgaarse Eurocommissaris was. Uiteindelijk kreeg ze geen tweede termijn als Eurocommissaris, volgens velen omdat toenmalig premier Borisov iemand uit zijn eigen partij op die positie wilde.

In 2011 nam ze deel aan de Bulgaarse presidentsverkiezingen, waarbij ze met 14% van de stemmen niet toekwam aan de tweede ronde. Op 1 juli 2012 werd ze gekozen tot voorzitter van de door haar opgerichte beweging 'Bulgarije voor de Burger', en sloot zich met die partij aan bij de kiesalliantie 'Reformistisch Blok'. In 2014 deed Koeneva mee aan de verkiezingen voor het Reformistisch Blok en won een zetel in het parlement. Na de coalitieonderhandelingen met de GERB werd ze op 7 november 2014 aangesteld als vicepremier en minister van EU-beleid en Institutionele Zaken in het kabinet-Borisov II. Daarnaast was zij vanaf februari 2016 ook minister van Onderwijs en Wetenschap, een functie die ze overnam van de voortijdig opgestapte Todor Tanev. Het kabinet regeerde tot 27 januari 2017.

Koeneva spreekt naast Bulgaars ook vloeiend Russisch en verder Engels en Frans. Ze is getrouwd en heeft een zoon.

Onderscheidingen
 Ontvanger van een onderscheiding in het Franse Legioen van Eer (2004)
 Ontvanger van een onderscheiding in de Spaanse Orde van Burgerlijke Verdienste (2004)
 Ontvanger van een onderscheiding in de Orde van de Ster van de Italiaanse Solidariteit (2005)
 Ontvanger van een onderscheiding in de Portugese Orde van de Infant Dom Henrique
 Uitgeroepen tot Eurocommissaris van het jaar (2008)
 Uitgeroepen tot Europeaan van het jaar (2008)

Bulgaars minister
Bulgaars Eurocommissaris
Europese Commissie-Barroso I
NDS-politicus


text:
van der Waals Complexation
Lewis Base–Proton–Lewis Base Complex
Permanent-Dipole/Permanent-Dipole Attraction
Induced-dipole/Permanent-Dipole Attraction
Induced-dipole/Induced-dipole Attraction (London Dispersion Forces)
There are several types of van der Waals attraction:
Permanent-dipole/Permanent-dipole
Permanent-dipole/Induced-dipole
Instantaneous-induced-dipole/Induced-dipole (the London force)
It is tempting to consider these forces to be of different strengths, but it is the distance range that is more important. Dipole/dipole attraction is relatively long range in action while the London spontaneous-dipole/Induced-dipole attraction requires contact between the van der Waals surfaces: the molecules need to touch.
Permanent-Dipole/Permanent-Dipole Attraction:
Molecules with permanent dipole moments, polar molecules, such as iodine chloride, ICl, exhibit dipole-dipole attraction. The iodine end of iodine chloride is δ+ and the chlorine end is δ–. Molecules interact with each other so that the dipoles line up end-to-end:
All molecules with a permanent dipole exhibit permanent-dipole/permanent-dipole attraction. At temperatures below the material's melting point, the structure will show long range order and crystallinity.
Permanent-Dipole/Induced-Dipole Attraction :
Molecular dipoles (polar molecules) are able to induce weak dipoles in adjacent non-polar species. The effect gives rise to a weaker attraction than dipole-dipole attraction.
London Dispersion Force (LDF) Attraction:
The very fact that it is possible to liquefy helium – and indeed all molecular materials – demonstrates that there must be some type of inter-molecular attraction taking place between the helium atoms. (Helium is a molecular material, where the helium molecule consists of just one atom.)
The attraction is known as the London dispersion force and is deemed to arise from short time scale fluctuations in the electronic structure of species which results in the formation of instantaneous dipoles.
The instantaneous-induced-dipole/induced-dipole London dispersion forces (LDF) are surprisingly strong but they only act at very short range. It is as if the surface of even neutral, non-polar molecules like methane, CH4, are 'sticky'.
Soccer Balls Covered in Velcro
Imagine a room filled with 50 soccer balls or so covered in Velcro and half a dozen four year old children.
The kids will kick the balls about, and the balls will fly around. But as the children become tired the balls will slow down and stick together.
So it is with a molecular gas. As the temperature is lowered the molecules will stick to each other via London dispersion forces, instantaneous-induced-dipole/Induced-dipole attractions, to give a condensed phase.
All molecules exhibit London dispersion forces and the strength increases with the size/surface area of the molecule. This logic can be used to explains the increasing boiling and sublimation temperatures of the halogens.
Going down the periodic table the atoms become larger, so the diatomic molecules become larger and their surface area becomes larger. Thus, the van der Waals forces increase and so do the boiling points:
F2 < Cl2 < Br2 < I2
Likewise, longer chain alkanes have higher boiling points than shorter chain alkanes. Branching, which decreases surface area, reduces boiling point.
Which is stronger: dipole/dipole or London forces?
Consider the molecular halogen bromine, Br2, and the interhalogen iodine chloride, ICl.
Both have a mass of close to 160, both are are 70 electron systems, but Br2 is non-polar and ICl is polar. Yet they have rather similar boiling points of 59 ° and 97° respectively:
Dipole
non-polar
This implies that the dipole/dipole attraction makes only a minor contribution to the net attraction, and the most of the molecular stickiness is due to the the London dispersion force.
Gecko Toes, Setae and van der Waals Forces:
"The toes of the gecko have developed a special adaptation that allows them to adhere to most surfaces. Recent studies of the spatula tipped setae on gecko footpads demonstrate that the attractive forces that hold geckos to surfaces are van der Waals interactions between the finely divided setae and the surfaces themselves. Every square millimeter of a gecko's footpad contains about 14,000 hair-like setae." Wikipedia:
Charge: No charge.
As well as giving an explanation of the forces involved in the melting, sublimation and boiling of molecular materials, van der Waals forces can help explain dissolution of a solute in a solvent.
As a first approximation: "Like Dissolves Like":
Hydrogen bonding substances are soluble in hydrogen bonding solvents like water or methanol.
Polar substances are soluble in polar solvents like chloroform, CHCl3, or toluene, C6H5CH3.
Non-polar substances are soluble in non-polar solvents like cyclohexane, C6H12.
Congeneric Series: The congeneric series concept is not useful here.
van der Waals attraction complex (generic)
Argon, liquid
Methyl iodide dimer
Methyl iodide/Argon complex


text:
Articles by T S Syamala
Multiple Vulnerabilities in Utilising Maternal and Child Health Services in Uttar Pradesh, India
Although there are multiple vulnerabilities that may prevent access to maternal and child health services in India, the literature has so far focused on unidimensional vulnerabilities—typically, economic or social vulnerabilities. The linkages between multiple vulnerabilities and the utilisation of MCH services are investigated using data from National Family Health Survey-4 (2015–16) for Uttar Pradesh to analyse whether women received full antenatal care, institutional delivery care, postnatal care, and full immunisation for their children. Bivariate analysis and binomial logistic regression analysis are employed to examine the multiple vulnerabilities that service utilisation across three dimensions—education, wealth, and caste. Women with multiple vulnerabilities are less likely to utilise essential MCH services.
Read more about Multiple Vulnerabilities in Utilising Maternal and Child Health Services in Uttar Pradesh, India
Menopause: An Emerging Issue in India
This paper analyses the National Family Health Survey-2 data in order to assess the variations in the levels of menopause in India and its states. It also examines the non-biological correlates of menopause and highlights the emerging issues of menopause. The variations with respect to different socio-economic, demographic, nutritional and reproduction-related variables imply that by and large women from the poor socio-economic sections reach menopause early compared with their counterparts. As India is still characterised by a large number of illiterate women with a low age at marriage and early childbearing with poor nutritional levels, the problem of early menopause may continue to be a burden in the future too.
Read more about Menopause: An Emerging Issue in India


text:
Bla Bla Writing / Life / Hero / Action / The Case of the Terrible Tooth
The Case of the Terrible Tooth
Word count: 2269
Category: Action Cell
1. List the symptoms experienced by Mr. Gower.
Mr. Grower experiences symptoms such as feeling hot, and light headedness, and unawareness. He felt hot and warm prior to the root canal removal. Therefore this symptom is most likely hinting at some problems he got before the removal. His symptoms of lightheadedness could be due to the effects of the surgery or anesthetic. Need more information to be sure.
2. Novocain blocks action potential production at the site of injection. How do you think Novocain works on the axon membrane, and how does it block the sensation of pain? Novocain serves to block receptors on nerve cells that sense pain. Therefore preventing neurotransmitter from binding to the receptors and stimulating sensory neurons to fire. More specifically Novocain blocks the sodium channel and prevents depolarization from occurring in the neurons of the site of injection. Because of this an action potential is not possible and neurotransmitter cannot be release.
3. What new symptoms does Mr. Gower exhibit?
Mr. Grower now experience a stiff jaw with extreme mouth pain, a lower than normal blood pressure of 100 over 60, weakness, and muscle fatigue.
4. Which of these symptoms could be due to the previous day's procedure? The stiff jaw and extreme mouth pain could most likely be due to the previous day operation. This is because the mouth was operated on and the after effects of a root canal removal is starting to kick in. However the lowered blood pressure, muscle weakness, and fatigue could be due to an initial problem before the root canal.
5. Why can't Mr. Gower open his mouth?
Mr. Gower cannot open his mouth because his jaw is in a lock state. This is most likely caused by abnormally high frequency of excitatory postsynaptic potential or EPSP in his jaw muscles. This well cause involuntary contraction of those muscle essentially locking up his jaw.
6. What are the possible diagnoses for Mr. Gower's condition at this time? For each diagnosis that you come up with, describe the symptoms that relate to that diagnosis One possible diagnosis is that Mr. Grower has temporal mandibular disorder. The symptoms for this includes pain in jaw area, lock jaw, and feeling fatigue or dizzy. Another possible diagnosis is the Mr. Grower has Tetanus disease. The symptoms for this includes involuntary muscle contraction in area of infection, restlessness, lock jaw, and difficulties breathing.
Mr. Grower now experiences sweating from a fever, rigid neck, dry mouth, and locked lips. These symptoms are closer associated with Tetanus disease.
8. Is there a common factor between his jaw being locked shut, his rigid neck, and his lips being drawn across his mouth in a constant grin? The common factor is that all these symptoms occurs near his mouth area. Inferring from this and his fever it is very possible there is a Tetanus infection near his mouth area possibly from the root canal removal. This infection is currently spreading and inflammatory responses are causing his fever.
9. Look at the diagram of three nerve cells on the right. At the bottom, there is a postsynaptic cell, which receives chemical synapses from two presynaptic cells, which are shown at the top of the diagram. One of the presynaptic cells is labeled excitatory and the other is labeled inhibitory. Assume that a single action potential in a presynaptic cell does not produce an action potential in the postsynaptic cell. Show (by drawing a graph of membrane potential against time) how the membrane potential of the postsynaptic cell changes if there is one action potential in: a. Only the excitatory presynaptic cell.
On back of case study
b. Only the inhibitory presynaptic cell.
c. Both the inhibitory and the excitatory presynaptic cells. On back of case study
10. Now think about how the two presynaptic cells could produce an action potential in the postsynaptic cell. a. Which presynaptic cell must have action potentials to produce one or more action potentials in the postsynaptic cell? Excitatory presynaptic cell must have action potentials to produce one or more action potentials in the postsynaptic cell because they promote depolarization of membrane which is needed to cause an action potential. On the other hand Inhibitory presynaptic cell promote hyperpolarization which goes against producing an action potential. b. What phenomena must take place for the small postsynaptic potentials to reach threshold and produce action potentials? Summation of Excitatory postsynaptic potential and Inhibitory postsynaptic potential must take place. More specifically spatial summation, which means that all the types of potential must add up to be greater (less negative) than the threshold potential of -55mv for an action potential to occur in the postsynaptic neuron.
c. If the frequency of action potentials in this presynaptic cell (#10a) increases, what happens to the number of action potentials in the postsynaptic cell? If the frequency of action potentials in the excitatory presynaptic cell increases than the number of action potentials in the postsynaptic cell will increase as well. This is due to temporal summation of EPSP at very frequent times. This causes the postsynaptic cell to produce many action potential in succession. d. What happens to the number of action potentials in the postsynaptic cell if the other presynaptic cell (#10a) also produces action potentials? If the frequency of action potentials in the inhibitory presynaptic cell increases than the number of action potentials in the postsynaptic cell will decrease. This is due to spatial summation of both EPSP and IPSP. Mostly it is because IPSP promote hyperpolarization which will make it a lot harder to depolarize the membrane to be greater (less negative) than the threshold potential, and making action potential less possible.
11. Assume that the postsynaptic cell in the diagram is a motor neuron. If Mr. Gower's problems are associated with maintained muscle contraction, what must take place in the motor neuron to produce a maintained muscle contraction? The inhibitory synaptic cell must have more action potential that can affect the postsynaptic cell to create more IPSP to lessen the muscle contraction. With a higher number of EPSP than IPSP, Mr. Grower experiences an irregular amount of contraction of the motor neurons because action potentials are frequently fire off. IPSP is needed to tone down or relax the muscle by lessening the action potentials created in postsynaptic cell. His involuntary contractions are the cause of his locked jaw, stiff lips, and rigid neck.
12. Assume that both presynaptic neurons have action potentials. What two conditions in these presynaptic cells would produce an increase in the number of action potentials in the postsynaptic (motor) neuron? A greater frequency of action potential in the excitatory presynaptic cell and a lesser frequency of action potential in the inhibitory presynaptic cell would produce an increase number of action potential in the postsynaptic neuron. These two conditions are currently happening to Mr. Gower's neurons around his mouth area.
13. Do you wish to change or modify your diagnosis of Mr. Gower's problem? I believe that Mr. Gower is facing a Tetanus infection near his mouth. This is because the rigid neck, and stiff lips suggests that he is experiencing abnormal muscle contraction in that area. Therefore an infection in this area that is slowly growing can only be responsible for this. It is also very possible he contracted this infection during his root canal operation. In addition, it is more logical than Mr. Grower suddenly having temporal mandibular disease.
The Emergency Room
14. What is the normal response to someone placing a tongue depressor on the back of your throat? The normal response to someone placing a tongue depressor on the back of your throat would be that they regurgitate or gag because of gag reflexes which something is forced down our throat. 15. Why didn't Mr. Gower open his mouth with the tongue depressor test? Mr. Grower could not open his mouth because his jaws are locked up due to the muscles around his neck and jaw area contracting too much. 16. What does this tell you about the action potential activity in Mr. Gower's motor neurons to his jaw (and neck) muscles?
This tells me that there is a very high activity or frequency of action potentials in Mr. Gower's motor neurons in his jaw and neck muscles. Specifically, his body is either sending extremely high level of EPSP or something is inhibiting IPSP from reaching his motor neurons. 17. Go back to your answer to Question 12 in the last part of the case. Do the results of the tongue depressor test support one of the two answers? Yes it does support one of the answer. The answer it support is that there seem to be a lesser frequency of IPSP or action potential in the inhibitory presynaptic cell. Mr. Grower seems to be experiencing a Tetanus infection that is preventing IPSP from reaching his motor neurons around his mouth area. 18. What does the antibody titer tell the physician?
The antibody titer essentially tells the physician how much antibody is produced in Mr. Gower's mouth area by taking a blood sample. This is for Dr. Umphasea to test how strong Mr. Gower's immune system is as well as test her initial suspicion that Mr. Gower has not taken his Tetanus shot. He does this to make sure that his diagnosis is correct. 19. Does this explain his fever?
Yes, this does explain his fever. This is because if Mr. Gower has a Tetanus bacterial infection than that means that his body is sending a lot of aid to combat the infection causing an inflammation in his mouth area. Naturally his body heats up to try to kill off the bacteria and therefore cause his fever. 20. Why is penicillin prescribed for Mr. Gower's condition? Penicillin is prescribed for Mr. Gower's condition because it is an antibiotics that can destroy the bacterial growth that is currently taking place in his mouth. This will hopefully lessen or solve his current symptoms. In addition, Dr. Umphasea mentioned culturing the wound in his mouth to see the current state of the bacterial growth from the infection. 21. How did Mr. Gower initially become infected?
Mr. Gower most likely become infected after his root canal removal. The initial mulch exposure into the surgery was the reason why the bacteria come to find its way into his mouth. That along with the removal of his root canal which exposes a vulnerable spot for the bacteria to attack shed light into how he became infected. 22. Do you wish to change or modify your diagnosis of Mr. Gower's problem? My current diagnosis is that Mr. Grower became infected with the Tetanus bacteria after undergoing his root canal removal. The tetanus bacteria was introduced into the surgery when mulch came flying in through the window. Finally the growth and development of the Tetanus bacteria is what caused stiffness and pain in his mouth area as well as his fever.
An action potential in a motor neuron produces a contraction of the muscle fibers it supplies. Tetanus toxin is thought to decrease inhibitory synaptic effectiveness, especially onto the motor neurons to the face and neck. As a result, the motor neurons produce more action potentials than usual and the muscles remain contracted over a long time period. One effect of tetanus infection is called lockjaw.
23. Fill in the flow diagram (see next page) for inhibitory chemical transmission. On back of Case study.
24. Look at each stage in the diagram and suggest how tetanus toxin could decrease the postsynaptic response, i.e., the response of the motor neuron. The Tetanus toxin produced by the bacteria attack the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA pathway. Thereby, decreasing the amounts of IPSP signals to reach the motor neuron in Mr. Gower's mouth area and this causes over contraction of the muscles in that area because of higher amounts of EPSP. More specifically the toxin stops the release of GABA by targeting the synaptobrevin protein in the pathway. Synaptobrevin is responsible for stabilizing snare proteins and without snare proteins hooking SNAP25 and Synapsin together it is not possible for the neurotransmitter GABA to be release from the presynaptic membrane.
25. Think about the release of synaptic transmitter and its reaction with the postsynaptic receptor to open a channel. How could benzodiazepines, like diazepam, work to counteract the effect of tetanus toxin? Benzodiazepines, like diazepam, work to counteract the effect of Tetanus toxin by increasing the efficiency of GABA transmitter. GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter and therefore is needed to tone down the contraction of the muscles in Mr. Gower's mouth. However, the tetanus toxin decreases the amounts of GABA release from presynaptic membrane. Diazepam binds to GABA receptors and causes an immediate increase in chloride ions of post-synaptic neuron which hyperpolarize the neuron and therefore makes it less excitable despite having a greater amount of EPSP than IPSP. This in turn, tone down the contractions in the motor neurons of Mr. Gower's mouth counteracting the effects of the toxin.
26. What characteristic does Mr. Gower possess that would make him be more susceptible to the tetanus toxin? Some characteristics that made Mr. Gower more susceptible to the tetanus toxin are that he did not get a Tetanus vaccine, he has a weaker immune system because he is old, and that he happens to be in the same room as the bacteria when he undergo the root canal removal.
A Terrible Tragedy in the Small Town of Rasana
Terrible story
Terrible Admissions Work at Purdue
Samsung Electronics Case Analysis
Consequences of an Economic Crisis: The Samsung and The Greek Banks case
Diagnosis and Treatment Case Study Assignment
Policies to Tackle the Opioid Epidemic: A Case Study of Maryland
The Rise of Sino-African Relations: Kenya and Zambia as case studies
Story of Case Study
Health Systems, Policy and Practice – The Case of Indian Health Care System
Cellular Respiration


text:
Toronto copy shop busted for copyright infringement
Cord ImportNovember 2, 20094 mins read
TORONTO (CUP) – A photocopy store frequented by students at the University of Toronto has been shut down by a copyright enforcement and licensing agency for "illegal photocopying."
Boxes of course packs and textbooks were carted out of Quality Control Copy Centre in downtown Toronto on Oct. 15. The store's photocopiers and binding equipment soon followed.
"We received tips over the past few years that Quality Control Copy Centre was reproducing full textbooks and course packs without permission. Those are illegal activities under the Copyright Act," said Savitha Thampi, associate legal counsel with Access Copyright.
But before seizing all the store's assets, Access Copyright issued several warnings and alternative options for settling the $132,000 judgment that had been levelled against them.
"We did enter into negotiations with Quality Control Copy Centre, and tried different ways to settle through instruction and through offering licenses. In this case, we did need to go to the federal court and we did get the order against [the shop] – they were found to be infringing copyright and even after the order they continued to infringe on copyright," Thampi said.
Cases like Quality Control Copy Centre are becoming more and more numerous across the country, said Thampi.
"It does happen, and we are very vigilant in monitoring the activities across Canada."
Teresa Scassa, a law professor at the University of Ottawa, believes professors sometimes contribute to copyright infringement more than students, a notion that seems to go against common sense.
"You often see professors who have been involved in trying to help their students get around the high costs of materials," said Scassa.
"The professors will put together course packs and instead of going through the license regime that they have at their own university; they'll make the course pack available at a copy centre where they don't have to pay the fees."
"Cost is really the issue," she said.
"Professors feel that these materials are too expensive, the cost of materials is too high. Students need a break, and in this case the break comes at the expense of the copyright owners."
Tanya – a B.C. student whose last name she asked be omitted to protect her privacy – said that some of her professors advocate cutting costs by sharing and photocopying each other's course packs.
While students try to find a break wherever they can – either by reselling their books on their own, frequenting copy shops like Quality Control Copy Centre, or sharing materials with friends – it is their education that often suffers as they circumvent the law.
"My education is definitely affected. It's very sad and extremely unfortunate when I have to forego buying textbooks because they're not in my budget and I simply can't afford them. I don't get the readings done and can't always participate in class discussion," said Tanya.
But there is a solution, if professors are willing to use it.
According to Scassa, professors and academics can take more control over their own copyright through venues like Open Access, an international movement that encourages the unrestricted sharing of academic works.
"More and more academics are looking for Open Access journals where, as part of the publication, the work is made available to anyone who wants to read it, or copy it, or download it. It's licensed for those kind of reproductions," said Scassa.
"It's not all an issue with copyright law, a large part is academics not thinking hard enough about how they want their work to be disseminated."
Putting restrictions and conditions on their publications, like allowing it to be reproduced in course packs at no extra cost, could go a long way to solving these issues, she said.
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GiffGaff accept all types of mobile phones and devices including iPads, just enter your device model and get an instant quote. If you don't know your exact model or capacity eg "32GB" then enter your IMEI code above - here's how.
Get a recycled price for your used device right away from their rating tool. They will send you all the pre-paid packaging you need. Simply pop in your phone and send it back. Their team will give it a quick once-over on arrival.Giffgaff provides quick and easy quotes - grade your device online and see how much it's worth in 30 seconds. Giffgaff claim to also have no quibble returns - if you're not completely happy with the final price they will return your phone for free, no questions asked. In testing we have discovered this to be true.
Giffgaff in our research were found to be reasonably quick at processing payments, so you can expect to get paid within one business day of your phone's arrival. You will get paid in no time at all - as long as your device matches the description you gave in their grading tool you'll be paid as soon as your device arrives at their warehouse.It is so easy to send your phone valuation. Just fill out their grading form,they will send you a prepaid postage pack for your phone, then pop on down to the post office to get a tracking number and send your phone.In working out your phone's value, it is based on quite a few variables but basically it's based on two main things: The physical condition of your phone - and how well it's working. If your tablet or phone is dent-free and everything works as it should then you're likely to get a high price, although be aware that they only have a "Fair" rating on TrustPilot which indicates they often reduce the price offered to you at a later date. There may be other providers who may not offer as much initially but that will be the price you get - it is up to you.
Giffgaff claim on their website to "always be looking to offer new and exciting services to their members" and since they re-sell phones to their members, they tend to offer price for old phones. They've partnered up with the folks at "Redeem" who claim to know all there is to know about recycling phones and now they can offer you the best experience possible if you want to sell your old phone.
STEP 1: Login or Register for a giffgaff account You will need to have a giffgaff account to sell your handset with them..You need an account so that they can keep track of your orders and make sure you get paid for your phone.If you are not already a giffgaff member you can sign up for a free account within a few minutes.
STEP 2: How to search for your phone or find your IMEI Number Searching for your handset couldn't be easier. Simply enter the first 3 letters of your handset to view a list of relevant handsets.The most accurate way to insert your handsets make and model is by using your handsets IMEI number. The IMEI number is a unique number given to all mobile phones and tablets, that can be used to identify the phone. If you enter *#06# your clever phone will make the 15 digit IMEI number magically appear on the screen!Or if your keypad is broken or your battery is flat please remove the back and you'll find it under the battery. If you've got an iPhone it may be on the SIM holder or the back of your handset.At the moment they are only accepting specific models of phone which are on the list so if your phone is not on their list it means they can't offer you a price for it at this time.
STEP 3: Grading Your handset -They'd hate to disappoint you, so be sure to answer the questions as best as possible. On receipt of your device, their partner "Redeem" will fully inspect & test your handset BEFORE the final offer for your handset is emailed to you. Any inaccurate / incorrect information may decrease the value of your handset, but this is always the case.
STEP 4: Personal Details & Bank Account Information -This is the important part.They know people worry about entering their bank details, but you don't need to. They take the security of your details and their site very seriously. The giffgaff Marketplace site uses Comodo SSL Security encryption at various stages throughout the site to protect your information. You'll notice the padlock icon appear in your browser to indicate that your information is being transmitted securely (usually found alongside the address bar). This protects it from interception by unintended recipients.
STEP 5: Confirmation & Order Tracking - You will receive your sellers confirmation number.The company practices responsible recycling, if your phone can't be refurbished, it will be recycled in the UK.
Giffgaff is an Award-winning company - received a regnition being uSwitch Best Network Customer Service 2017, although that's more for their network than their mobile trade-in website.
If the price is right, then go for it - but please leave a review or rating below to help other users who are considering using Giffgaff UK for their mobile/device trade in, as your feedback helps others.
Honestly the worst phone company,just con artist dint bother letting you know when deals have changed,deals what a joke,and then talk to a computer good get out clause.


text:
Federspiel ist die Bezeichnung für Wachauer Weine des Verbandes Vinea Wachau Nobilis Districtus. Der Name Federspiel führt auf den alten Brauch des Zurückholens des Beizvogels bei der Falkenjagd zurück, einer gerade in der Wachau in früherer Zeit üblichen Form herrschaftlicher Jagd.

Die Qualitätsbezeichnung ist eine eingetragene Marke und darf nur von Mitgliedsbetrieben des Schutzverbandes Vinea Wachau  verwendet werden. Fast alle Betriebe der Weinbauregion Wachau sind Mitglieder bei Vinea Wachau.

Qualitätsanforderungen

Weine mit der Bezeichnung Federspiel müssen im Kabinettbereich mit einem Mostgewicht ab 17 °KMW und einem Alkoholgehalt zwischen 11,5 und 12,5 Vol.-% liegen.

Diese Weine sind ausnahmslos klassisch trocken vergoren. Sie stellen den Mittelbau der Vinea-Wachau-Weine dar und zeichnen sich durch ihren fruchtig-charmanten Charakter und ihre kraftvolle Delikatesse aus. Federspiel-Weine schließen an die Steinfeder-Kategorie an. In ihrer Kelterung sind sie neben den gesetzlichen Erfordernissen den Kontrollen des Vereins Vinea Wachau unterworfen.

Siehe auch: Steinfeder, Smaragd

Weblinks

 Gebietsschutzverband Vinea Wachau

Literatur

 Der Brockhaus Wein, Verlag F. A. Brockhaus, 1. Ausgabe 2005, ISBN 3-7653-0281-3.
 Norbert Tischelmayer: Wein-Glossar. 2777 Begriffe rund um den Wein, Np Buchverlag, 2001, ISBN 3853261779
 Horst Dippel u. a.: Das Weinlexikon, S.Fischer Verlag GmbH, 2003, ISBN 3596158672.

Qualitätsstufe (Wein)
Markenname (Wein)
Wachau


Andrea wants everybody to take a lie detector test while Mr. James does a book reading of his autobiography.
To help Bill quit smoking, Dave gives up coffee. Lisa is worried Joe saw her and Dave together at the movies.
How many episodes of NewsRadio have you seen?
Q: Who is on Mr. James' wife candidate list?
Q: What is one of Dave's favorite TV shows?
Q: What is Lisa's favorite movie?
NEWSRADIO is a truly unique television sitcom, probably the smartest sitcom in years! I'll take their three seasons over SEINFELD & FRIENDS any day. This series has the sense of humor of a Marx Brothers film! The jokes tend to be conceptual, and like all great conceptual humor, the plots are merely springboards for weirdness! The episode with James Caan coming to the studio to observe Bill is hilarious! When he begins observing Matthew (and Matthew's bizarre behavior)...that's classic stuff! Just like the NBC years of Letterman's talkshow, the writers on NEWSRADIO take something merely weird and turn it into hilarity by creating a set of circumstances that require the viewer to "get it". A lot of people don't...which makes NEWSRADIO a marginally popular UNIQUE gem in a television industry of repetitive crap.