text:
Q: Disable/enable return key based on checkbox state in IOS swift I have a screen with textfield and two checkboxes. When user taps in the textfield, keyboard shows up. I want to enable/disable the return key on the soft keyboard based on the following conditions.
Enable when text field is not empty and both the checkboxes are checked.
Disable when textfield is empty or either of the checkboxes is unchecked.
Is it possible to achieve this?

A: create the button array for store the current state of your check box button and connect your checkboxbutton this array, it will be used for get the current state of your button
  var getSelectedState: [UIButton] = []

get your checkbox button current state using first(where:)

Returns the first element of the sequence that satisfies the given predicate.

    var handleButtonState : Bool{
    var setState = false
    if let getNotSelectedState = getSelectedState.first(where: { $0.isSelected == false }) {
        print("get the non selectedState of button \(getNotSelectedState)")
        setState = true
    }
    return setState

}

finally you can use UItextfield delegate for enable/disable the return key using enablesReturnKeyAutomatically

A Boolean value indicating whether the Return key is automatically enabled when the user is entering text.

 // MARK: - Textfield delegates
func textField(_ textField: UITextField, shouldChangeCharactersIn range: NSRange, replacementString string: String) -> Bool {
   guard let currentText = (textField.text as NSString?)?.replacingCharacters(in: range, with: string) else { return true }
    textField.enablesReturnKeyAutomatically = !currentText.isEmpty && !handleButtonState ? true :  false
     return true

}

A: here username and password are two UITextField and right view is the checkbox (Uiview include wrror button or image or checkbox)
self.textField.delegate = self;

   func textField(_ textField: UITextField, shouldChangeCharactersIn range: NSRange, replacementString string: String) -> Bool {

        //let maxLength = 4
        let currentString: NSString = textField.text! as NSString
        let newString: NSString =
            currentString.replacingCharacters(in: range, with: string) as NSString

        if newString.length == 1 && textField == self.username {
            self.username.rightView = nil
        }
        if newString.length == 1 && textField == self.password {
            self.password.rightView = nil
        }

        return true//newString.length <= maxLength
    }

I tried it in my project ,I hope it will work for you ...:)

A: enabling or disabling of return button automatically happens only on textField's text if it is empty or not, for more customisation we can use textFieldShouldReturn method.
func textFieldShouldReturn(_ textField: UITextField) -> Bool {
    if let txt = textField.text,
        isBothCheckBoxChecked(),
        !txt.isEmpty{
        return true
    }
    return false
}

func isBothCheckBoxChecked() -> Bool {
    var checked = false

    // write condition here

    return checked
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


A nicely focused short course.
This four-session online course takes participants through the process of building an app-like web page, to be displayed on Mobile Safari.
The final class sketches out the basics of true app development, including X-code, the iPhone SDK, and the submission process; however this is only a fly-by. To truly develop native apps would require real programming skill and a good deal more learning than this course provides.
The materials were clearly presented, with code examples available for download. Progress through the stages from a simple page to a more complex pseudo-app was logical, with each "chapter" building on the last.
Q&A was minimal, with the number of participants way beyond was would have been practical for real discussion.
I'd recommend purchasing and downloading the videos from this course, working through the examples, and also picking up Jonathan Stark's book on the subject (Oreilly Pub).


text:
The standard of electoral complaints adjudication at DECs has markedly declined
ISFED has filed 127 complaints with district electoral commissions concerning violations detected on the Election Day, during counting of votes and in the post-election period of the October 28 presidential election of Georgia. Out of these complaints, 15 were satisfied, 13 were partially satisfied, 40 were not satisfied and 18 were left without consideration. One complaint was withdrawn by the organization itself. Several complaints that sought imposition of administrative liability on commission members are still pending.
Majority of complaints sought imposition of liability on PEC members, including administrative liability for inadequate fulfillment of duties. In several cases, revision and invalidation of voting results was requested but none of these complaints were satisfied. These demands were mostly raised in cases where data had been rewritten in summary protocols or numbers did not reconcile – in particular, when the number of votes received by subjects together with the number of invalid ballots exceeded the number of voters that had cast a ballot.
36 complaints concerned inadequate handling of summary protocols due to errors or omissions in summary protocols concerning, for instance, date and time of when a protocol was prepared, commission seal number, etc. 9 complaints concerned precincts where the sum of the number of votes received by subjects and the number of invalidated ballots exceeded the number of voters that had cast a ballot, and 14 complaints were filed over rewritten/corrected data in summary protocols.
During the complaints process, representatives of the organization had an opportunity to attend adjudication of complaints and express their position about the complaints filed. The only exception was Poti DEC where parties had not been summoned to attend consideration of complaints. Khobi DEC also adjudicated a complaint in absence of ISFED representative. They announced that the organization did not appear. After this fact became known, they scheduled another meeting but they also stated that "nothing would change". At Tkibuli DEC where ISFED had filed a single complaint, representative of the organization was told that they were not going to satisfy the complaint because as members of the DEC alleged the observer had filed the complaint for the sake of filing at least one complaint.
Problems identified are similar to the problems detected in the 2017 self-government elections:
Complaints were not satisfied mostly on the basis of explanatory notes of PEC members, which DECs viewed as credible evidence irrespective of seriousness of violation and despite the fact that most of these explanatory notes had been drawn up after the Election Day;
Similar to the practice identified in previous elections, DECs considered that explanatory notes and correction protocols served as the basis for releasing the implicated persons from liability and viewed existence of explanatory notes or correction protocols as elimination of violation in cases like issuing excessive number of ballots, placing a signature in someone else's box or omission of signature, mishandling of summary protocol, placing a ballot in the ballot box without an envelope, etc.
DECs avoided revision of tabulation results irrespective of seriousness of violation (e.g. rewritten data in protocols, numbers not reconciling, etc.). It should be noted that in such cases DECs relied on explanatory notes of PEC members or correction protocols prepared after the voting day;
For releasing PEC members from liability, DEC members uniformly used the standard arguments that: a violation did not amount to a gross violation of the law and it did not affect expression of voters' will or election results; no substantial violation had taken place, which would have affected the election process; a mechanical error had occurred, which did not amount to the basis for imposing a disciplinary liability. DECs used these arguments to justify their decisions not to impose liability on PEC members when summary protocols had not been stamped with a commission stamp, an observer's right to video recording was restricted, inking was not checked, spoiled and unused ballots were sealed together, unauthorized individual was let inside the polling station, etc.;
In some cases evidences were not examined (e.g. sealed documents were not opened) and instead, commissions based their decisions on explanatory notes of PEC members;
Complaints were left without consideration for wrong reasons, a number of different basis were indicated to justify such decisions. These decisions mostly suggest that many DECs wrongfully interpreted and applied provisions of the Election Code.
As a general trend, ISFED found that PEC members wrote explanatory notes about any and all types of violations irrespective of their seriousness, which is viewed as sufficient grounds not only for establishing factual circumstances but also for releasing respective PEC members from liability. Correction protocols are also used for the same reason.
DECs are trying at all costs to avoid not only revision of counting results but also imposition of liability on PEC members and they use all sorts of arguments to this end.
This practice is a continuation of the trend detected during recent elections, which grew even further in scale and strength during the presidential election. Such approach leaves impression that the electoral administration is making deliberate attempts to justify violations by any and all means. Against this background, it is clear that the standard of adjudication of electoral disputes has worsened. Moreover, rigorous attempts of the electoral administration to not satisfy complaints and impose liability on commission members that have violated the law makes filing of complaints and the post-election of complaint adjudication pointless.
We urge the electoral administration for adjudication of the complaints during the second round of elections to consider the identified problems; to take effective actions in response to violations provided in the Election Code of Georgia; and to not encourage electoral violations by helping PEC members escape liability.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
About the Committee on the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People
Réunion de CEDIPP - 344e séance – Communiqué de presse Français
Source: General Assembly
Department of Public Information (DPI)
GA/PAL/1245
Committee on the Inalienable Rights
of the Palestinian People
344th Meeting (PM)
Palestinian Rights Committee Will Continue Calls on Security Council,
Others to Hold Israel Accountable for Its Actions, Chair Pledges
Palestine's Permanent Observer Outlines Developments
As Secretariat Officials Detail Deteriorating Humanitarian, Legal Situations
Expressing serious concern over a deteriorating humanitarian situation, as well as evictions and demolitions of homes, the Committee on the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People would continue to call on the Security Council and the High Contracting Parties to the Fourth Geneva Convention to hold Israel accountable, its Chair said today.
Zahir Tanin ( Afghanistan) voiced particular concern over the plan recently announced by the Government of Israel to evict Palestinian residents from eight villages in the south Mount Hebron area to make way for army training zones. Israel continued its settlement announcements, publishing tenders for 171 new units in East Jerusalem, he said, condemning the continuing demolition of homes and violent attacks against Palestinians by Israeli settlers.
Summarizing developments in the region since the Committee's 12 June meeting, Mr. Tanin recalled that violence had escalated around Gaza in June and July. Rockets and mortars had been fired into Israel, and the Israeli Army had conducted airstrikes and incursions into Gaza, killing nine Palestinians and injuring 54 more. Additionally, a committee led by retired Supreme Court Justice Edmond Levy had published a Government-commissioned report which claimed that the Israeli presence in the West Bank was not a military occupation and recommending the legalization of existing settlement outposts.
He went on to note that the Palestinian Authority faced acute challenges to remain solvent. It had only been able to pay part of the June and July salaries of 150,000 employees, and expected a $1 billion budget shortfall for 2012, he said, adding that, during its 22 July meeting in Doha, the Arab League Follow-up Committee for the Arab Peace Initiative had supported Palestinian plans to seek further recognition at the United Nations without specifying a concrete timeline. During a briefing to the Council on 25 July, United Nations Special Coordinator Robert Serry had expressed concern that developments on the ground were undermining prospects for a two-State solution, as well as ongoing attempts to reach agreement between Israel and the Palestinians on a package of confidence-building measures to pave the way for a resumption of high-level contacts.
Riyad Mansour, Permanent Observer of Palestine to the United Nations, said that an emergency meeting of the Non-Aligned Movement's Committee on Palestine scheduled for 5 and 6 August in Ramallah had been scrapped after the Israeli Government's banning of Foreign Ministers from Indonesia, Malaysia, Cuba, Nigeria and Bangladesh from entering the territory to attend the gathering. The Committee had condemned that action in a communiqué and decided to send the "Ramallah Declaration" of support for upgrading Palestinian United Nations membership to the Movement's Tehran Summit, scheduled for later this month.
"This action by Israel is not going to weaken our collective resolve to continue to have more countries recognize the State of Palestine," he stressed. Moreover, a League of Arab States ministerial meeting on 5 September would discuss the timetable for enhancing Palestine's status in the United Nations system, including through the Security Council, the General Assembly and other agencies of the world body.
Mr. Mansour noted that Palestine had participated as a State in the just-concluded Tenth United Nations Conference on the Standardization of Geographical Names, which was important considering that Israel was attempting to change the names of Palestinian sites that had been in existence for hundreds of years. During the United Nations Asian and Pacific Meeting in Support of Israeli-Palestinian Peace, held in Bangkok on 10 and 11 July, Thailand's Foreign Minister had announced that the Thai and Palestinian ambassadors would formally establish diplomatic relations and exchange credentials on 1 August, he added.
Afterwards, Saleumxay Kommasith (Lao People's Democratic Republic) presented the Chair's Summary of the Bangkok meeting, of which the Committee took note.
Today's meeting also featured a detailed briefing on the humanitarian impact of settlement construction and of forced displacement in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, delivered in three parts.
Janique Thoele of the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, delivered the first briefing, saying the impact of settlement activity could be seen in four areas: demolitions and evictions; forced displacement; restricted movement and access to services; and settler violence and harassment. All that amounted to a "protection crisis" with serious humanitarian consequences, she said, adding that the crisis had been occasioned by a failure to respect human rights and humanitarian law.
Presenting a brief slide show spotlighting the impacts of the occupation, she pointed out the effects of displacement, infrastructure demolition and ongoing settlement activity on the geography and physical character of the Occupied Palestinian Territory, which was dotted with myriad restricted zones and physical obstacles to movement. Although settlements were illegal under international law, twice as many Israeli settlers as Palestinians lived in "Area C" today, she added.
Turning to the West Bank and Israel's ongoing construction of the separation wall, she said that the structure, which the International Court of Justice had ruled should be torn down, continued to hamper Palestinian access to resources. While Israel had a right to protect its security, it must respect international law, she emphasized. The situation was also particularly dire for farmers who owned land located in the "seam zone" and required special permits allowing access to their land through special gates, only a few of which were open every day. The Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs was also seriously concerned because the barrier prevented Palestinian citizens from seeking specialized health care, especially as some areas required them to obtain special permits.
In the last decade, more than 4,000 Palestinians, half of them children, had been displaced due to home demolitions, she said, adding that a total of 620 homes were demolished in 2001. Palestinians in Area C could build homes and other structures on only 1 per cent of the land, while construction was prohibited outright on 70 per cent. Meanwhile, Israeli settlements occupied 24.5 kilometres in East Jerusalem, while Palestinian construction took just 9.5 kilometres. Some 200,000 Palestinians were not connected to the water network and relied on tinkered water. They faced restricted movement, as well as access to education, health, water and sanitation services. In the West Bank, 20 per cent of the population lived in poverty, 55 per cent were food insecure and 28 per cent were malnourished.
Turning to the occupation's humanitarian impact, she said almost 500 Palestinians had been killed and 9,000 injured since 2005. Settler violence, including physical attacks and damage to property, had increased by 165 per cent from 2009 to 2011, and 83 Palestinians communities were vulnerable to settler violence. Settlers largely acted with impunity, she said, adding that more than 90 per cent of complaints alleging settler violence were closed without indictment.
Noting also Israel's new trend of confiscating external humanitarian aid intended for the Palestinians, she said that since 2011, Israeli authorities had destroyed more than 150 donor-funded structures such as water tanks and tents. Beginning in March 2012, it had impounded relief supplies even before they were delivered to the communities in need, she said, calling for effective law enforcement against settler violence, revision of an unfair zoning and planning regime, and enabling the humanitarian community to meet basic Palestinian needs.
Antonia Mulvey of the Norwegian Refugee Council, discussing legal matters, said the international community had resoundingly denounced Israel's settlement construction, as evidenced by some 12 United Nations resolutions. For example, Security Council resolution 465 (1980) explicitly called on Israel to dismantle its settlements and cease all construction. Further, the International Court of Justice's Advisory Opinion on the legal implications of the separation wall's construction also stated that settlements were a "flagrant violation" of international law. The 2004 decision also noted that parties to the Fourth Geneva Convention were obliged to ensure Israel's compliance with international law.
Spotlighting other legal precedents rejecting Israel's settlement activity, she cited specific articles of The Hague Regulations and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Yet, Israel did not recognize the overall applicability of the Fourth Geneva Convention to the Occupied Palestinian Territory, and did not view its destruction of Palestinian infrastructure and removal of Palestinians from their lands as a "forced population transfer", proscribed under that treaty. She added that the Israeli Government provided tax and other incentives for settlers, thought to include housing infrastructure amounting to some $240 million, none of which was made available to Palestinians.
While international law was very clear that settlements were illegal, she continued, Israel had adopted national legislation that delineated the basis under which such construction could be legal: through political decision; State land only; lawfully designed building scheme; and boundaries decided by a military order. Moreover, there was a clear dual legal system in place, she said, explaining, for instance, that the case of a Palestinian alleged to have committed manslaughter in Area C would go through Israeli military courts, while allegations against an Israeli citizen, perhaps living right next door, would be handled by civilian courts. Settlers were increasingly not brought before the courts and impunity was growing, she warned, citing Susiya village in the southern Hebron hills. Home to 350 people, Israel's High Court of Justice was considering it for demolition, she said, adding that advocacy could have a huge legal impact in preventing such injustices.
Amira Hassan of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) New York Office, said the West Bank was home to 771,000 registered Palestine refugees, a quarter of whom lived in one of 19 camps, and the rest in towns and villages. At least 2,300 Bedouins, particularly in Area C, were under threat of displacement due to settlement construction plans announced in July 2011. Much advocacy thus far had prevented plans to move one Bedouin community to a garbage dump, she said, adding that their inability to sell animal products threatened traditional Bedouins' livelihoods.
She went on to state that the Israeli Government was moving rapidly forward with a plan to turn Al Walaja village, located nine kilometres south-west of the old city of Jerusalem, into a national park, which would force out its 2,000 Palestinian residents without any compensation. The authorities had posted a notice in Hebrew giving residents 60 days to file objections to the plan, but all objections made by a local committee had been rejected. Another case study pointed to the Burin cluster in Nablus, where Palestinians had no access to 7,500 dunums of land. In 2011, there had been 70 incidents of property damage, the highest number recorded during that year, she said, adding that, on 19 May, a group of settlers had set fire to four or five Palestinian homes in Burin.
During a brief question-and-answer period, Indonesia's representative announced that his Government was planning for next year a meeting on the role of the media and civil society in dealing with the Palestinian question. He added that his delegation would be seeking advice from the Department of Public Information.
The representative of the United Arab Emirates said the briefings had starkly highlighted the "ugly picture" of Israel's occupation. Stressing that other events in the region must not distract the international community's focus from the truly dire situation faced by the Palestinian people, he said the situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory was bound to deteriorate as Israel's illegal activities continued.
Deborah Seward, Director of the Strategic Communications Division in the Department of Public Information, reported on the United Nations Media Seminar on Peace in the Middle East, held in Geneva on 12 and 13 June. The event had featured messages from United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon and Wolfgang Amadeus Brulhart, Switzerland's Assistant Secretary for the Middle East and North Africa, among other senior Government and United Nations officials, she said. All participants in the Seminar — from Israel, the Occupied Palestinian Territory, the wider Middle East, Europe and the United States — had been encouraged to make use of social media such as Twitter and Tumblr, including ahead of the event and during its five panel discussions.
She said the discussions had focused on: the prospects for peace approaching the twentieth anniversary of the Oslo Accords; how the Arab Spring had affected media coverage of the question of Palestine; the role of women's activism and the media in promoting Israeli-Arab peace; civil society in media and film in the Middle East; and youth activism in the region, including evolving attitudes towards and tools for social change and democracy. One of the Seminar's main aims had been to focus on the Arab uprising and to explore their implications for the Palestinian question, she said. Reflecting that theme, the Seminar's organizers had made a specific effort to invite more women and youth to the event than in previous years, resulting in the youngest group of participants ever, as well as one all-female panel, another "first" for the Seminar.
Characterizing the discussions as "stimulating and challenging", she went on to say that the panels had also benefited positively from the diverse experiences of the participants. "The feedback we have received, both from the participants and from observers present at the Seminar, has been extremely positive," she continued, noting that many participants had expressed appreciation of the opportunity to meet others face to face. In at least one case known to the organizers, such opportunities had led to a group of journalists from different backgrounds and working in different areas to explore collaboration on a news story. "So, in sum, we are extremely pleased and very encouraged by this year's event," she concluded.


text:
Q: Other way show that $\zeta(-2)=(-\frac{1}{12})\mod 2$?
Lemma: We knew that for any  integer $a$ : ${a}^{p}=a \mod p$.

Then $1^p=1\mod p ,2^p=2\mod p ,3^p=3\mod p , \ \dots,\  n^p=n\mod p $.
Just to sum each term by term RHS and LHS we will get the following:
$1^p+2^p+3^p+ \dots + n^p= (1+2+3+ \dots +n)\mod p $.
let $ n$  go to $\infty$ we get:
$$\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}n^p= \sum_{n=1}^{\infty}n \mod p \tag{I}$$
let $p=2$ then if i'm right, the RHS of (I) =$-\frac{1}{12}$ according to Euler's proof and the LHS is $\zeta(-2)$. Hence we get:
$\zeta(-2)=-\frac{1}{12} \mod 2 $.
Is there someone show me a little bit if my proof to show that :$\zeta(-2)=-\frac{1}{12} \mod 2 $ is true, or does this make no sense?
Thank you for any kind of help.

A: If you buy the silly formulation: $1+2+3+\dots = -1/12$, you still can't say that $1+2+3+\dots\equiv 1^p+2^p+\dots$, because the finite proof of $a+b\equiv a^p+b^p$ doesn't apply to infinite sequences.
For example: $1+3+3^2+\dots = -\frac{1}{2}$ in "some sense." But:
$$1^2+3^2+3^4\dots =-\frac{1}{8}$$
Is $$-\frac{1}{2}\equiv -\frac{1}{8}\pmod {2}?$$
No, it is not, under any useful definition of that expression.
We know that if $a_i\equiv b_i\pmod p$ then for any $n$, $$a_1+a_2+\cdots+a_n\equiv b_1+b_2+\cdots b_n\pmod p,$$ but we can't conclude from those finite expressions that:
$$a_1+a_2+\cdots =b_1+b_2 +\cdots \pmod p$$
We prove the first by induction, but infinite sums cannot be reached by induction - you can't just wave you hands and say "In the limit, they must be congruent." By the same reasoning, in the limit, $1+2+3+\cdots$ must be positive.
Take the first step in the "proof" of $1+2+3+\cdots=-\frac1{12}$:
$$1-1+1-1+1\cdots = \frac{1}{2}$$
Multiply both sides by $2$, and we'd get:
$$2-2+2-2+\cdots = 1$$
Therefore $0\equiv 1\pmod 2$! Is that a useful way of looking at modular arithmetic?
Ultimately, you have to define stuff and prove stuff. Go back to your definitions.
The damage done by the nonsense $1+2+3+\cdots = -\frac{1}{12}$ is not that it is wrong. It is wrong, technically, but if you rewrite it as $\zeta(-1)=-\frac{1}{12}$, it is true.
The damage is precisely the complete lack of definitions and proofs of what manipulations are allowed to "prove" this sort of sum. It gives novices the idea that they can play will infinite series willy-nilly without even the vaguest caution. Anything involving the infinite in mathematics requires care.

A: There are several foggy steps...

*

*you add infinitely many numbers,

*you use $1+2+3+\dots=-\frac1{12}$, which I personally do kind of believe in, but it obviously cannot be rigolously valid,

*What does it mean to be congruent to $-\frac1{12}$ at all modulo $2$? Are we talking about only integers, or not?

*Note also that you are talking about the sum of sequence $1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,\dots$ (either as $n$ or $n^2$) modulo $2$.

The rest of logical arguing seems correct.


Debut single is a feel-good, retro soul track perfect for this warm spring weather!
Ethan Burns (Los Angeles) is an old soul whose music falls somewhere between Leon Bridges and Nathaniel Rateliff, with a definitive nod to Van Morrison in the vocals.
Ethan's track would fit perfectly blasting from the windows in a Brooklyn neighborhood circa 1962 as kids are opening up the fire hydrants in the streets to cool off on a hot summer day.
Like Ethan Burns on Facebook.
Listen to Indie Underground on Hype Machine.


text:
Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses: A Cochrane review
Jefferson T., del Mar C., Dooley L., Ferroni E., Al-Ansary LA., Bawazeer GA., van Driel ML., Nair S., Foxlee R., Rivetti A.
Background: Viral epidemics or pandemics of acute respiratory infections like influenza or severe acute respiratory syndrome pose a world-wide threat. Antiviral drugs and vaccinations may be insufficient to prevent catastrophe. Objectives: To systematically review the effectiveness of physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses. Search strategy: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library 2009, issue 2); MEDLINE (1966 to May 2009); OLDMEDLINE (1950 to 1965); EMBASE (1990 to May 2009); and CINAHL (1982 to May 2009). Selection criteria: We scanned 2958 titles, excluded 2790 and retrieved the full papers of 168 trials, to include 59 papers of 60 studies. We included any physical interventions (isolation, quarantine, social distancing, barriers, personal protection and hygiene) to prevent transmission of respiratory viruses. We included the following study designs: randomised controlled trials (RCTs), cohorts, case controls, cross-over, before-after, and time series studies. Data collection and analysis: We used a standardised form to assess trial eligibility. RCTs were assessed by: randomisation method; allocation generation; concealment; blinding; and follow up. Non-RCTs were assessed for the presence of potential confounders, and classified into low, medium, and high risks of bias. Main results: The risk of bias for the four RCTs, and most cluster RCTs, was high. The observational studies were of mixed quality. Only case-control data were sufficiently homogeneous to allow meta-analysis. The highest quality cluster RCTs suggest respiratory virus spread can be prevented by hygienic measures, such as handwashing, especially around younger children. Additional benefit from reduced transmission from children to other household members is broadly supported in results of other study designs, where the potential for confounding is greater. Six case-control studies suggested that implementing barriers to transmission, isolation, and hygienic measures are effective at containing respiratory virus epidemics. We found limited evidence that N95 respirators were superior to simple surgical masks, but were more expensive, uncomfortable, and caused skin irritation. The incremental effect of adding virucidals or antiseptics to normal handwashing to decrease respiratory disease remains uncertain. Global measures, such as screening at entry ports, were not properly evaluated. There was limited evidence that social distancing was effective especially if related to the risk of Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses exposure. Authors' conclusions: Many simple and probably low-cost interventions would be useful for reducing the transmission of epidemic respiratory viruses. Routine long-term implementation of some of the measures assessed might be difficult without the threat of a looming epidemic. © Queen's Printer and Controller of HMSO.
10.3310/hta14340-06


text:
Review: Arturia MicroBrute Brings Analog Punch in a Portable Package
Noah Pred on Jan 02, 2014 in Review 0 comments
We could simply tell you Arturia's MicroBrute is a monophonic hardware synth with analog audio signal path, CV In/Out & impressive sonic ability. But that doesn't come close to describing its beauty.
Arturia has built their reputation on fantastic digital emulations of classic analog synthesizers. As their controller and other hardware output grew in recent times, it came as no surprise when they eventually stepped into the burgeoning analog synth market with the MiniBrute. Employing the talents of famed French analog circuit-maker Yves Usson, they designed an affordable yet high-quality analog synth with a wealth of hands-on controls. Building on the MiniBrute's resounding success, they opted to package a similarly-focused yet tactile monophonic analog synth in a smaller portable size for traveling live acts and producers—while at the same time opening it up with CV inputs and outputs for seamless integration with modular analog systems. The result is the MicroBrute.
Officially, Arturia recommends a 5-10 minute warm-up period for the three analog oscillators to get in tune, but that didn't stop me from tweaking it right away. There's no preset banks in this bad boy, so dialing in your sounds is a physical process—same as it would be on any classic synth from the era that inspired it. As such, it's a great synthesizer for someone learning basic synthesis, and while it'll be easy to use for any experienced synth practitioner, that isn't to say it isn't full of options to keep even the most savvy gearhead engaged.
"It's full of options to keep even the most savvy gearhead engaged."
Four Waves
At the MicroBrute's heart, we have four core oscillators to build our sounds. The first is a fat sawtooth oscillator, accompanied by an "Ultrawave" tone shaper that layers in two slightly offset copies of the same saw wave for added texture. Next, we have a square wave complete with pulse-width modulation, and a warm triangle wave with a "Metalizer" control designed to help emphasize transients with a sharp edge. Finally, the Overtone oscillator by default adds a sub-octave to really beef up your output—but for added value, the harmonics of the overtone can be morphed via the Sub-Fifth dial to a perfect fifth above the root note, providing the illusion of polyphony and a more expansive top end.
Forceful Filtering
Opting for continuity with their MiniBrute by implementing the same Steiner-Parker filter, the -12dB/octave multi-mode circuit comes with low pass, high pass and band pass, selectable via a handy three-band switch. Envelope Modulation and Keyboard Tracking are hardwired, while the self-oscillating circuitry allows for some intriguing sound design possibilities even with all the other oscillators switched off: just crank the Resonance dial to maximum and use the Cutoff knob to set the current pitch—though you'll want to have the volume turned way down when doing so. Add in the Brute Factor knob—based on an emulation of a classic routing from the headphone output back to the input for an integrated feedback loop—and you've got some serious, hard-hitting sounds that earn the unit its barbaric name.
The MicroBrute's slider-controlled ADSR envelope is already mapped internally to the filter, and can be applied to the amplitude as well via switch; tweaking the sliders in real time easily results in some dramatic, hands-on shape-shifting. The built-in LFO comes with three waveforms: square, sawtooth and sine, with a host-syncable or free Rate, and an Amount dial. However, the LFO isn't mapped to anything by default—that's where the MicroBrute's patch-bay modulation matrix comes into play.
"Getting creative with the routing is what makes the Microbrute so much fun—and ensures its usefulness in the studio for years to come."
Since there are only two CV output modulation sources—the LFO and the envelope—the unit only comes with two cables, which plug into the corresponding mini-jack patch-bay in the upper right corner. There are six modulation inputs to choose from: Metalizer amount, Ultrasaw amount, Square wave pulse-width, Overtone sweep, Filter Cutoff and Pitch. Arturia recommends routing the envelope to the Metalizer for angular, percussive noises, and you can achieve a classic wobble sound by routing the LFO to the filter. However, getting creative with the routing here is what makes the MicroBrute so much fun and ensures its usefulness in the studio for years to come. You can route the LFO to the pulse-width input for unique textural intensity, or control the Overtone harmonic frequency via the envelope for dynamic stabbing sounds—experiment and tweak away.
But this only hints at the true possibilities: the mini-jack CV inputs and outputs on the MicroBrute are compatible with the same CV control sources that you would find on any modular analog rig—so whether you already have a modular rack on hand, or just happen to be popping into a studio that has one, the MicroBrute has truly infinite expansion capabilities—which would be difficult to imagine in any other piece of kit this small.
At first I wondered: why bother including mini-keys on a unit like this? They're a bit tricky to play on, and the unit could have been even more portable without them. Then I realized they wouldn't have been able to include the built-in Step Sequencer without some kind of note input, and that's when it all came together.
With eight selectable patterns that can easily be written over on the fly, a tap tempo button, and a Rate control dial, the Step Sequencer adds a lot of value to the unit, allowing users to come up with melodies and basslines that would be difficult to write any other way. What makes it even more unique is that any sequence can be easily transposed in real time by triggering it from a new key on the keyboard. If you want to sync the sequencer to your host's MIDI clock, you'll need to open the included MicroBrute software editor, connect it via the included USB port, and change the unit settings there—where you can also change MIDI channels, store and recall sequences, and much more.
Brawn for the Road
In all honesty, this was one of the most difficult product reviews I've ever had to write—because I couldn't take my hands off the damn thing! While the vast horizons of digital synth plug-ins loom ever larger, there's something to be said for the creative focus that hardware limitations present. Whether you're a traveling live act looking for a great-sounding portable synth, a studio rat looking to add an affordable analog unit to the rig, or a beginner looking for a pathway into the realms of synthesis, the MicroBrute is an amazing deal that meets all these needs with savage style.
"This was one of the most difficult product reviews I've ever had to write—because I couldn't take my hands off the damn thing!"
Price: $349 / €329
Pros: Affordable, portable, tactile, and sounds fantastic, with rock-solid MIDI via USB.
Cons: No discernible velocity control; glide is more of a global portamento than a true latching or legato glide effect.
Web: http://www.arturia.com/evolution/en/products/microbrute
hardware synth
Noah Pred
Noah Pred is a Canadian record producer, sound designer, technologist, DJ, and Ableton Certified Trainer living in Berlin, Germany. Releasing dozens of records and touring extensively since the '90s, he currently teaches a wide variety of techniques for stage and studio at the BIMM Institute. For more information, please visit: http://... Read More
1. Control Voltage Introduction
The Foundation Of Synthesis 104
6. The LFO Applied to Filter - Part 1
12. The CS-50 Modulation Matrix


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Oceanographic Observations, Hudson Shelf Valley, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-217
Mooring & Data File Identifiers
Site Characterization
Animation of Data Statistics:
Current & Temp.
Principal Axes
Scatter Plots
Currents (sorted)
Residual Flow
Tidal Analysis
Time Series Plots Hydrographic Data
A variety of sensors from several manufacturers were used to measure current, temperature, conductivity, light transmission, optical backscatter, acoustic backscatter, suspended sediment concentration, and pressure. These sensors were deployed on a variety of platforms (see descriptions below and Table), and the data were sampled (see summary of sampling schemes) and recorded by various data logging systems.
BASS tripod (figures 5, 7A, 8B)
Tripods equipped with 4-axis Benthic Acoustic Stress Sensors (BASS) at 0.4 and 1.0 meters above the bottom (mab), optical backscatter (OBS) sensors at .4 and 1.0 mab, temperature at 1.9 mab, conductivity at 1.8 mab, and pressure at 1.7 mab were deployed at Stations A, B and C. The tripods were also equipped with an upward looking Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) and a downward looking Acoustic Backscatter Sensor (ABS) (see below). Downward looking 35 mm Benthos cameras to photograph the seafloor every four hours failed in this experiment.
The BASS, temperature, conductivity, OBS, and pressure data were sampled and recorded using a Multiparameter Intelligent Data Acquisition System (MIDAS) that recorded data using a Tattletale (Martini and Strahle, 1992). Every second, the MIDAS data logger recorded pressure and 4 velocity components from the two BASS sensors (Williams and others, 1987). Every 3.75 minutes, MIDAS computed cumulative sums of pressure and current, and recorded them, along with temperature, conductivity, and light transmission measured at the center of the 3.75 minute averaging interval. Average pressure and current were calculated during post processing.
BASS current meters are capable of resolving 0.03 cm/s currents, however this requires a field determination of the zero. Accuracy is affected by the capacitance of the long cables which connect the data logger to the sensor pods. A new calibration must be obtained each time the data logger and sensor wiring is attached to a tripod frame. An accuracy of 0.3 cm/s can be achieved when the offsets generated by these capacitance changes are measured and removed from the data. The BASS current meter voltages were measured when there was no current through the measurement volume, and this 'zero' offset was subtracted from measurements made during the deployment. A set of experiments were performed to determine the most efficient method of calibrating the BASS to 0.3 cm/s accuracy (Morrison and others, 1993). The BASS was calibrated in still water on the pier prior to deployment and after recovery.
MAVS Tripod (figures 6A, 6B)
At Stations C and E near-bottom current was measured at 0.4 mab using a Modular Acoustic Velocity Sensor (MAVS - Thwaites and Williams, 1997). The MAVS was mounted on a small tripod frame, along with upward-looking ADCP, OBS sensors at .5 and 1.2 mab, temperature and conductivity at 0.6 and 0.7 mab, and bottom pressure. The MAVS was recorded with a MIDAS system.
ADCP (figures 7A, 7B)
RD Instruments ADCP's (300 Khz Workhorse) were deployed at Stations A-F to obtain profiles of currents from about 5 mab to near the water surface, with measurements spaced 1 m apart in the vertical. The instruments measure currents from the doppler shift of sound reflected from the water column from two pairs of orthogonal acoustic beams (Gordon, L., 1996). The instruments recorded 5-minute averages of current every 15 minutes. To obtain an accuracy of at least 0.4 cm/s for each 5 minute measurement, 300 pings emitted at a rate of 1 ping per second were averaged together. At Station A, B and D, the ADCP was deployed on a large tripod frame (figure 5, 7A). At Stations C and E, the ADCP was deployed on a small tripod frame (figure 6A), and at Station F on a micropod (figure 7B).
ABS (figures 8A, 8B)
To measure the vertical structure of suspended sediment concentration and cm scale seafloor elevation changes three acoustic backscattering systems (ABS) were deployed on the Hudson Shelf Valley tripod array. Two three frequency (1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 Mhz) AQUATEC ABS systems were deployed, one (serial number 016) at Station A in Christiansen Basin (40 m water depth) and the other (serial number 015) at Station B in the upper valley (55 m water depth). A third (serial number 041) older custom designed two frequency (2.5 and 5.0 Mhz) ABS was deployed on the Long Island shelf at Station D. All ABS transducers were mounted 115 cm above the base of the tripod feet. The ABS samples 128 range bins of acoustic intensity. In order to sample wave frequencies and tidal/mean currents the AQUATEC ABS sampled a 10 minute burst at 1 Hz every half hour. The older ABS sampled a 12 minute burst once per hour at 1 Hz.
Transmissometer (figure 9)
Sea Tech transmissometers measure the transmission of red light (at a wavelength 650 nm) from a Light Emitting Diode (LED) along a 25 cm water path. The voltage output by a photovoltaic detector was recorded by a SEACAT. These instruments were deployed beneath the surface moorings at 30 and 45 mbs at Station B (25 and 10 mab) and at 30 and 60 mbs (40 and 10 mab) at Station C. The power supply for the transmissometer at 60 m at Station C failed in this experiment.
OBS (figure 10)
Suspended sediment concentrations were measured at Stations A-E using optical backscatter sensors (OBS) mounted at heights of 0.5 and 1.2 mab. Fouling of some OBS sensors gradually increased backscatter intensity during the deployment. The OBS readings were converted to suspended sediment concentration based on calibration curves obtained in the laboratory generated using sediment collected in tripod-mounted sediment traps at Station A. The trap material was used because it is more representative of suspended material than sea-bed samples.
SEACAT (figure 9)
SEACAT 16 (www.seabird.com/) measure conductivity and temperature, and record the voltage signals produced by a transmissometer. SEACAT's were operated with a sampling interval of 300 seconds (3.75 minutes). SEACATs were deployed on the mooring beneath the surface buoy at Stations B and C at 10 and 30 mab.
MicroCAT (figure 11)
The MicroCAT is a simpler version of the SEACAT 16. The MicroCAT uses the same sensor technology as the SEACAT to collect salinity and temperature data. MicroCATS were used to obtain temperature and salinity measurements at 1 mbs buoys at Stations A-E. The recording interval was every 3.75 minutes.
Time-series sediment sampler (figure 12)
A McLane Labs Water Transfer System (WTS 6-24-47FH) was deployed on the tripod at Station A to collect in situ suspended particulate matter. A dual multi-port valve sequentially directs water through 24, 47-millimeter filters to obtain a time series of suspended sediments. The positive displacement pump is placed downstream from the filters to prevent sample contamination. Both the multi-port valve and the positive displacement pump are controlled by an internal computer.
The menu-driven software allows the user to enter the initial flow rate, total volume, maximum pumping time, and minimum flow rate. In order to prevent the sample from being crushed onto the filter and to conserve the battery life, the software is designed to decease the flow rate when back pressure on a filter is increasing. The internal computer records the instantaneous flow rate and total volume at a constant interval of time for each filter.
In this experiment, the WTS was set to sample in a fixed interval mode and in a conditional mode based on the standard deviation of the bottom pressure (PSDEV), a proxy for surface wave amplitude. Three samples were allocated to fixed interval samples, and 20 samples to conditional sampling (4 events with 5 samples each). Samples were obtained in the fixed interval mode at one day following deployment, and at 44 and 88 days into the deployment. The objective for the conditional samples was to obtain a series of suspended sediment samples during large storms. As a proxy for the amplitude of surface waves, the WTS computes the standard deviation of bottom pressure (PSDEV), sampled at one hz, over a 50 second interval every 10 minutes. In the conditional mode, the first sample in a storm event is taken when the average PSDEV, computed over a running 4-hour average, exceeds 25 cm. After a wave event sampling is begun, successive samples are initiated at 6 hour intervals. During this timed interval, the system searches for a maximum in PSDEV by comparing the average PSDEV calculated over successive 5 hour intervals. If the PSDEV level continues to increase, the timed sample is ignored until the maximum is reached and sampled. After a maximum is found the timed interval is resumed and the search for a successively higher maximum continues. This cycle continues until all samples for a given storm are collected. At 50%, 75% and 80% of the deployment period, the WTS checks the expected number of storms, allocating more samples to fixed interval samples if the expected number of storms have not occurred, and reduces the PSDEV threshold by 20 and 30% respectively. After 80% of the deployment period, the remaining samples are obtained evenly in time over the remaining period.
Tube sediment traps (figures 6A, 7A, 8B, 9)
Traps made from standard core tubing were deployed on the bottom tripods to obtain samples of sediment in the near-bottom water. These traps are 60 cm long polybuterate tube with a 6.6 cm internal diameter and a wall thickness of 3.2 mm. The bottom of the tube was sealed with a securely taped plastic cap. Baffles consisted of an aramid fiber/phenolic resin honey comb (trade name: HEXCELL) with a cell diameter of 1 cm and a length of 7.5 cm. The material showed no apparent deterioration during exposure to seawater, although it is subject to biofouling. Traps were filled to within 7.5 cm of the top with a filtered solution of 5% sodium azide in seawater.
Figure 6A
Figure 6B
To view files in PDF format, download free copy of Adobe Acrobat Reader (www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/alternate.html).
Title Page / Contents / Tables / Figures / Abbreviations / Introduction / Field Program / Observations / Instrumentation / Data Processing / Fouling / Mooring/Data File ID / Results / Digital Data / Acknowledgements / References / Matlab / Supplementary / Metadata


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Health & Sex
The Edit/Fashion & Beauty
Inside the Guptas' uranium mine empire
06 September 2015 - 02:03 By LONI PRINSLOO
With half a dozen bodyguards, big black vehicles and journalists in a helicopter gallivanting around, it is clear this is no ordinary mine visit - as the politically connected Gupta family show off their uranium mine outside Klerksdorp. Varun Gupta, nephew of Atul Gupta, took over as CEO of Shiva Uranium from George van der Merwe about a month ago and decided to show the media around what could be one of the biggest uranium mines in the world, with the highest yield.story_article_left1Shiva is the key asset of the group's listed vehicle, Oakbay Resources & Energy, which owns the fifth-largest uranium ore body in the world.Uranium powers nuclear reactors. Last month, President Jacob Zuma said South Africa's nuclear power planning process was at an "advanced stage" and that the multibillion-dollar tender process should be completed by the end of this financial year.The Zuma family have close ties with the Guptas, with twins Duduzane and Duduzile Zuma most notably taking seats on several Gupta businesses.South Africa intends to build a nuclear fleet that could generate 9600megawatts of power at an estimated price tag of R1-trillion, with the first set of reactors coming online in 2023.That could open up a world of opportunity for uranium producers.But Varun, who looks more like a rock star than a mining CEO, said the nuclear fleet was "far off". Shiva was ready to start operations in about 18 to 24 months from the time they "press go".Shiva Uranium has built one of only seven reverse-pressure leaching plants in the world that can deliver up to 92% in yields, with a replacement cost of between R1-billion and R1.5-billion. "This is what makes us different to the other producers," said Varun.full_story_image_hright1The gold being produced as a byproduct of uranium mining would discount Shiva's production cost of uranium to only $20 a pound, he said. This would make the company one of the lowest-cost producers in the world and, with demand set to outstrip supply as early as 2018, there is a lot of cash to be made even without South Africa's nuclear build programme.The uranium price has been falling from prices above $70/lb at the start of 2011 to as low as $27/lb. The price was hammered most when three nuclear reactors in Japan were left in meltdown by an earthquake and tsunami. However, interest in nuclear reactors, viewed as "cleaner" than coal power stations, has picked up and uranium is trading close to $37/lb.Japan will reintroduce its nuclear reactors by year-end and there are between 45 and 75 reactors being built around the world, including in Russia, China, Europe and the US.As the Shiva uranium mines undergo development and build stockpiles, Varun said the price would bounce back to about $70/lb within the next two years - in line with analysts' predictions.full_story_image_hright2Varun said Shiva had no off-take agreement for its uranium, but was in negotiations with a couple of parties.He said the group was extremely "upbeat" about uranium and Shiva as a company.And he is not alone. Oakbay Resources & Energy listed in November last year at R10.08 a share. On May 15, the share was trading at R11.15 and shot up to R50 a share in less than three days. The price has since tapered down and the share is trading at R30.To get the mine to full production, Varun and his team need to raise about R800-million. The company did not conduct an initial public offering when it listed, but financial director Trevor Scott said it would consider undergoing a capital-raising exercise in the coming months.A cloud of dust rises into the air as the company blasts open a gold mine that it has discovered on the site, and brings one to the realisation that the Gupta family - however flashily or differently they do things - might just have a solid uranium business in hand.
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Dror's Blog
Palestinian-made Israeli settlements
1 October, 2010 at 18:12 | Posted in Israeli journalism, Israeli-Arab conflict | Leave a comment
Tags: Israel, Israeli settlement, Mahmoud Abbas, Middle East, Nahum Barnea, Palestinian National Authority, Palestinian people, Warfare and Conflict
Qedumim, Israeli settlement in the northern West Bank, near Kafr Qaddum - the settlements are actually built by Palestinians (Image by michaelramallah via Flickr)
The veteran Israeli journalist, Nahum Barnea, went t0 Gush Etzion to see with his own eyes the end of the moratorium on construction works in the Israeli West Bank settlements. He published a report today, on his weekly column in Yedioth Aharonoth's weekend supplement (Ha-Musaf Le-Shabbat, 1 Oct 2010 ). Nahum Barnea reveals a phenomenon that should not come as as a surprise to anyone who is acquainted with the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The Israeli settlements in the Palestinian Territories are actually being built by Palestinian Arabs. The Israelis provide the plans, of course, but it is local Palestinian contractors and workers who carry out the building projects. No one can force them to do this job, they come out of their own free will. When asked why, they say it is the only way to make a living. In Nahum Barnea's report today, the Palestinian contractor says that in Hebron, where he lives, everyone builds his own house, so construction workers are hardly needed. Nahum Barnea points out to new plans for construction of tower blocks in Ramallah, but the Palestinian constructor dismisses these plans as unserious. Nevertheless, he refuses to be photographed saying that the Palestinian Authority "makes troubles" to those who work at the settlements. Barnea explains that the PA plans to forbid the Palestinians who live under its jurisdiction from working at the settlements.
The Palestinians have a simple way to extend the "settlements moratorium" – they can refuse building the settlements. What about the economic damage to Palestinian families? First of all, the Palestinian were willing in the past to launch wide-scale attacks on Israelis. This attacks brought about a serious crisis in the Palestinian economy, and yet the Palestinian deemed these attacks necessary (by their logic). Refusing to build in the settlement seems much less harmful and less damaging to all sides than launching armed attacks. But there is another thing – it is time that the Palestinians stopped relying on either Israel, Arab countries or foreign wealthy nations for economic support. The Palestinian have never been economically independent, not even in the days of the British Mandate of Palestine. The Palestinian economy has always relied on the Jewish Zionist economy (which has later become the Israeli economy), on wealthy Arab countries (most particularly the Gulf countries before the 1991 Gulf War), on UNRWA (the special UN agency for taking care of Palestinian refugees) and on donations from Europe. Considering this situation, it is hardly surprising that most of the Palestinians are poor, and that the Palestinian People cannot establish an independent state of its own.
Barnea's account also reveals the hypocrisy of pro-Palestinian campaigners in Europe. Flotillas are relatively easy to organize, and they create a lot of fuss. So are demonstrations and calls to boycott Israel. It is much harder to think of ways to help Palestinians reach economic independence. Communication lines are numerous and free these days. Pro-Palestinian organizations could give preference to Palestinian Arabs in various works that can be sent over computer networks. Translations into Arabic are often needed in Europe, and they can be easily sent via email. Programming from a distance is also a possibility. If special courses are needed, they can also be performed online and in video conferences. European publishers can support Palestinian artists by publishing and distributing them. This are some very basic ideas, I'm sure many more could be found. Perhaps they are not so relevant to construction workers, but their children who might have received better formal education and get along with computers, could make some much needed money in such projects and provide for their families.
I know chanting "boycott Israel" is much more fun, and condemning the end of the settlement moratorium is something one can do without fund raising and without disturbance to his quiet afternoon rest, but there is little help for the Palestinians in such actions. The real help, which, by the way, would also be beneficial for Israelis and other inhabitants of the Middle East, is finding creative ways to help the Palestinian civil economy.
Palestinians: No Talks Without Settlement Halt (foxnews.com)
Palestinians say no talks without settlement halt (seattletimes.nwsource.com)
U.S. scrambles to keep Mideast peace talks alive (sfgate.com)
Attempt to salvage Mid-East talks (bbc.co.uk)
US Envoy Pressing to Save Mideast Talks (nytimes.com)
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Hanan Ashrawi – from pragmatism to extremism?
27 September, 2010 at 06:50 | Posted in Inter-faith relations, Israeli journalism, Israeli-Arab conflict, Politics | Leave a comment
Tags: Hanan Ashrawi, Israel, Jerusalem, Middle East, Palestinian people, Palestinian refugee, State of Palestine
Dr. Hanan Ashrawi - leaving the pragmatic approach in favor of the extremists? (Image via Wikipedia)
A friend of mine recommended I read a recent interview with the senior Palestinian activist, Dr. Hanan Ashrawi. Dr. Ashrawi gave this interview to the Israeli Maariv-affiliated local newspaper "Zman Yerushalayim", issued in Jerusalem in Hebrew. Commenting in English on an interview published in Hebrew might seem a bit unfair, and yet Ashrawi's statements have been heard in various languages from many Palestinian mouthpieces, and it is important to reveal the acute problems embedded in them.
Dr. Ashrawi is considered one of the most intelligent, eloquent and pragmatic among Palestinian activists. She seems like the ideal person with whom to reach a peaceful settlement and end years of misery. And yet, in this interview, and despite the resumption of direct peace negotiations between the Israeli and Palestinian governments, Dr. Ashrawi joins the extremists among Palestinian Arabs. Her eloquent diplomatic language might fool certain people, but for the common Israeli, her words are frustrating and echoes some of the harsh statements of the 1964 Palestinian National Convenant.
"Everything can be worked out"
The interview starts from its end, the interviewer Eli Oshrov says he told Dr. Ashrawi at the end of the interview that the provisions she stipulated throughout the interview would be unacceptable to most Israelis. "Everything can be worked out", she replies, but to be honest, I don't see how, unless she was trying to present high Palestinian demands as a kind of tactic. If it is indeed a tactic, it is a dangerous one, and Ashrawi should do without it.
UN GA resolution 194
Dr. Ashrawi starts with the Palestinian demand to let the Palestinian refugees resettle in the Israeli territory, and cites the UN General Assembly resolution 194 from December 1948. Dr. Ashrawi reiterates an old Palestinian claim as if there were an international resolution ordering Israel to accept "the right of return" of Palestinian refugees. There is little truth in this claim. First of all, the resolution is merely a recommendation, not a compelling decision. The resolution does not talk about "right" of return, but merely calls for the repatriation of refugees who wish to live in peace with their neighbors. Needless to say, the Palestinian leadership did not accept the latter condition at the time, and the Jordanian Government ignored many other paragraphs in the resolution, like the call to allow free access to Jerusalem and Bethlehem and make them cities under international rule. Furthermore, in December 1948, the State of Israel was about seven months old. The UN did not recognize it yet, and the resolution still uses the old British Mandate terminology. In 1949 the UN recognized Israel as a sovereign state and UN member, a recognition that makes GA resolution 194 obsolete, at least within the "Green Line" boundaries.
The war between Israel and its neighboring countries was still ongoing in December 1948 (even though it reached its last stages). It seems quite reasonable to call for the repatriation of refugees when a war is still ongoing or has just reached its end. It seems totally unreasonable to do so more than 60 years later, during 40 of which the Palestinian party called for "armed struggle" for the "liberation of Palestine", contrary to the stipulations of GA resolution 194 that calls for restoring peace and establishing reconciliatory committee.
Ashrawi: Jewish state means racist state
When asked about the demand that the Palestinian leadership recognize the Jewish nature of the State of Israel, Hanan Ashrawi tells the Israelis, "if you insist on being racist and discriminatory, good for you". She says she struggles for a secular Palestinian state, so she cannot accept a Jewish state. There are two problems here. First of all, Israel is a Jewish secular state. "Jewish" is a polysemy which refers to a nation, an ethnic group and a religion. The name "Israel" was chosen for the Jewish state in order to avoid confusion between the national and religious senses of the term "Jewish" (there were other reason for this choice too). Israel is defined in its basic laws as a Jewish and democratic state, which is exactly the formula which Ashrawi wishes to adopt for the future Palestinian state, while replacing "Jewish" with "Palestinian". And there is another problem – in the basic laws of the Palestinian National Authority, Palestine is defined as Arab and Muslim. The Palestinian law, according to this document, is inspired by the shari'a, namely the Islamic religious law. So, like it or not, the Palestinian National Authority, of which Dr. Ashrawi is part, is not secular nor egalitarian with regard to Palestinian Christians. The Israeli law, by the way, is based upon secular doctrines, except for matrimonial law, in which religious law applies, but all religions have equal status for this matter.
"Sovereignty is not based upon religion"
When it comes to the issue of Jerusalem, Dr. Ashrawi says "sovereignty is not based upon religion" but rather it is a political issue. Very well, but who says Palestinians have precedence over Israelis when it comes to sovereignty on Jerusalem? Dr. Ashrawi says the Western Wall (a.k.a. Wailing Wall) should be under Palestinian sovereignty. Why not Israeli? Dr. Ashrawi does not explain. She accuses Israel of behaving like an "occupying force" in Jerusalem, while ignoring the fact that all Palestinian Jerusalemites received permanent resident status in Israel, which means they are entitled to more-or-less the same rights as Israeli citizens (almost all of them refused accepting full citizenship and preferred to keep their Jordanian passports, until Jordan stripped them of their citizenship leaving them stateless). She says "why do you need a guard" at the entrance to the Western Wall site, ignoring the fact that the overwhelming majority of attacks on civilians, particularly suicide bombing, were carried out by Palestinians, even in holy sites and during holidays. She also ignores the fact that Israel respect the status of the Palestinian Muslim Waqf on the Temple Mount, allowing it to administer the place independently. The Israeli police is stationed outside the religious complex and confiscate prayer books from Jews who wish to visit the place. Jewish prayers are considered to be dangerous provocation, hence are strictly forbidden on the Temple Mount by the Israeli authorities. I wonder if the Palestinians showed similar respect to other religious and national groups should they gain control over Jerusalem.
So, Dr. Ashrawi, can we really work things out? Or perhaps someone on the Palestinian side should come up with more reasonable line of thought before making demands from the Israeli side?
James Zogby: Dr. Hanan Ashrawi: Pressure Without Progress Could Lead to Political Suicide (huffingtonpost.com)
Mideast talks reopen under tough conditions (seattletimes.nwsource.com)
You: Obama steps up pressure on Palestinian leader to enter direct talks (earthtimes.org)
"The Meaning of the Demand that Palestinians Recognize Israel as a Jewish State" and related posts (mostlywater.org) – This is an eloquent representation of the Palestinian view, which is very concerning, and baseless in my opinion, as if recognizing Israel as a Jewish state compromises the rights of Palestinian Arabs or Israeli Arabs.
Listening to a nightly interview with Shlomi Eldar
21 September, 2010 at 00:50 | Posted in Israeli journalism, Israeli-Arab conflict | Leave a comment
Tags: Gaza Strip, Gilad Schalit, Israel, Israel-Palestine, Kobi Meidan, Middle East, Palestinian territories, Shlomi Eldar, Warfare and Conflict
Shlomi Eldar, Israeli journalist covering Gaza Strip (Image via Wikipedia)
I am currently listening to a radio interview of Kobi Meidan with Shlomi Eldar on Galei Tzahal. Kobi Meidan is one of the most prominent TV and radio interviewers in Israel, and Shlomi Eldar is one of the best and most appreciated among Israeli Hebrew-speaking journalists. Eldar has been covering the Palestinian Territories, particularly the Gaza Strip, for the Israeli Hebrew-speaking media during the past twenty years or so.
Shlomi Eldar is the perfect journalist – he is very courageous and extremely sensitive both to people as individuals and to public trends. He relies not on official statements or briefings but on information he collects meticulously with his bare hands and from ordinary Palestinians who act as his contact persons. He avoids falling into the trap of taking sides and preaching. He says he tries to capture the complex picture of this delicate Israeli-Palestinian situation, and in his case you can believe it because his reports leave you with clear deep thoughts rather than futile rage or stupid schadenfreude.
The main topic of the interview with Kobi Meidan, to which I currently listen, is Eldar's new documentary film about a Palestinian baby with serious genetic immunodeficiency who has been treated in Israel after his two brothers lost their lives to the disease shortly after their birth. Eldar says he became emotionally involved with the subjects of his films, to a degree that he made his best efforts to facilitate the treatment. He says he nearly abandoned the project when the baby's mother said before cameras that she would happily send her child to be a suicide-bomber. Then he realized that he should understand the deep streams that cause this paradox of a woman trying to save her baby and at the same time wishes him to become a suicide-bomber rather than get angry and abandon the scene. Kobi Meidan suggested that the mother tried to be "more Catholic than the pope", namely that she has to make extremist statements in order not to be suspected with collaboration.
Two very important points I heard in this interview relate to the kidnapping of Gilad Schalit in June 2006 and to "Operation Cast Lead" in December 2008. Eldar says he managed to reach the kidnappers of Gilad Schalit through one of his contact persons in Gaza. The contact person did not want to be the courier. "You Israelis are mad", he said, implying that the Israel Defense Forces might relate him to the kidnapping and kill him. Eldar eventually convinced him. He came back with the following information: The kidnappers are confused and frightened. They want to end this affair as quickly as possible and ask for a low "price" (much lower than the current demands of the Hamas kidnappers, according to Eldar). Eldar further says that when he delivered this message to Israeli military officials they told him to mind his own business. This story reminded me of another report, according to which Israeli military investigators knew almost for sure that Ehud Goldwasser and Eldad Regev had been killed during Hizbollah's invasion into northern Israel in July 2006, i.e. Hizbollah kidnapped dead bodies rather than living soldiers, but this crucial information did not reach the higher-rank officials.
Apparently Israel has good intelligence, good professionals and it succeeded in having strong deterrence against its adversaries. This begs the question: why doesn't Israel make wise use of these assets? Why does it let itself fall into traps set by organizations like Hamas and Hizbollah when it has all the information and measures needed to avoid them? Why does it let an Israeli soldiers remain at the hands of his kidnappers when it can end the affair within a short while? Why isn't it more prudent about using force when it has the capability to carefully assess the benefit against the damage? In short – the brain is there, the means are there, so how come the decision making is so poor?
Shlomi Eldar went on telling about consequences of the bloodcurdling phone call he received while on air from Dr. Abu al-Aish, a Palestinian Gazan physician who used to work at Tel HaShomer medical center in Israel. Dr. Abu al-Aish told Shlomi Eldar with heart rending cries about the killing of his daughters from an Israeli shell, while Israeli television viewers hear it all live through their TV sets. Eldar says the then-Israeli Prime Minister shed some tears when hearing the broadcast. A ceasefire was declared the next day. Israel had every right to attack Gaza, Eldar says, pointing out to the Qassam rocket attacks on Sderot and southern Israel. But at the same time he said Israel used too much force. He says he was condemned for his view during the first days of Operation "Cast Lead", but not after the phone call from Dr. Abu al-Aish. People like Shlomi Eldar can and should be more common in our society.
Precious Life (Haim yekarim) (variety.com)
Gaza doctor writes book of hope despite death of three daughters (guardian.co.uk)
March of thousands for captive soldier Gilad Schalit divides Israel on sensitive issue (foxnews.com)
Mass march for captive soldier divides Israel (dailycaller.com)
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Inter-faith relations (3)
Israeli journalism (3)
Israeli-Arab conflict (11)
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Wikipedia policy (17)
1,200 people attend pro-Israel rally in Stockholm - Israel News, Ynetnews ynetnews.com/articles/0,734… 6 years ago
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Q: jQuery chosen change display 2 level after select How would I be able to display select menu  when someone select the value option in style id? Code is like this.
HTML :

        <select name="style" id="style">
                <option value="banner"></option>
                <option value="text"></option>
                <option value="vedio"></option>
            </select>

            <select name="language" id="language" style="display:none;">
                <option value="EN"></option>
                <option value="ES"></option>
                <option value="FR"></option>
            </select>

            <select name="english" id="english" style="display:none;">
                <option value="text"></option>
                <option value="img"></option>
                <option value="vedio"></option>
            </select>

            <select name="spanish" id="spanish" style="display:none;">
                <option value="text"></option>
                <option value="img"></option>
                <option value="vedio"></option>
            </select>

            <select name="french" id="french" style="display:none;" >
                <option value="text"></option>
                <option value="img"></option>
                <option value="vedio"></option>
            </select>

SCRIPT :
  $('#style').change(function(){
       selection = $(this).val();
       switch(selection)
       {
           case 'text':
               $('#language').show();
               break;
           default:
               $('#language').hide();
               break;
       }
    });
    $('#language').change(function(){
       selection = $(this).val();
       switch(selection)
       {
           case 'EN':
               $('#english').show();
               break;
           default:
               $('#english').hide();
               break;
       }
    });

i want select text value i get language choice when i select language i get anther select menu

A: Try changing
selection = $(this).val();
to
selection = $('#style option:selected').val();

A: You are using the id selector $('#language') and your selects have no ids. You should give ids to each of your selects or use the attribute-equals selector $('[name="language"]') instead.


text:
Bakery baffled after online backlash to 'Ginger Persons' cookies
The bakery's 'Gingerbread Persons'. Image: Demii-Leigh Heffron/Facebook
By Samantha King - @KingSamantha_
A bakery in north Yorkshire has faced backlash online after a photo of its gender-neutral "Ginger Persons" cookies was circulated online.
The family-run Thomas the Baker bakery, came under fire from online commentors after a customer posted a picture of the biscuits, traditionally known as gingerbread men.
The image was originally posted on Facebook by Demii-Leigh Heffron, with the caption: "It's happening. it's actually happening. It's 2018. Stop the earth, I wanna get off".
The picture then circulated on Twitter, with one user writing: "Gingerbread men being changed to Ginger 'persons' people need to get a grip, most ridiculous thing I've seen ahahaha".
Another posted: "As a ginger "Man" myself I don't not agree with this. It should be called a strawberry blonde biscuit."
'Sorry to disappoint you all'
Sorry to disappoint you all - they have been Ginger Persons since 1983! It was chosen by one of our Managers in York and the name stuck. We did get a complaint from trading standards in the 80's that we were discriminating against ginger haired people - seriously!! https://t.co/bteVKsBaoo
— Thomas the Baker (@thomasthebaker) October 24, 2018
However, the bakery has said the gingerbread cookies have been called "Ginger Persons" since 1983, and were not renamed in a move to be more inclusive.
In a tweet, the bakery said: "Sorry to disappoint you all - they have been Ginger Persons since 1983! It was chosen by one of our Managers in York and the name stuck.
"We did get a complaint from trading standards in the 80's that we were discriminating against ginger haired people - seriously!!".


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Q: How do you resize a live partition? I saw the question : Is it possible (aka safe) to resize a partition while the system is running?
Short answer : yes, but they don't explain how.  How do I resize my partition while the system is running.  Gparted doesn't offer me other option that mouting the partition.
Thanks

A: It is filesystem and partition dependant, different flesystems and partitions will use different methods. AFAIK it's usually used on lvm partitions. If you are using Gparted, the safe thing to do is to umount it first.
Usually you use lvextend and resizefs in lvm partitions. You can find more info on their man pages. Again it's not a good idea to do with "normal" partitions.

A: First you have to expand the underlying block device.  If you are using a conventional partition on a single hard disk, this is not possible.  LVM and mdadm can expand the block device, then you can run resize2fs to expand the fs ( assuming it is ext[234] ).

A: It really depends on the filesystem you are using but in most cases the answer is to use a livecd (Since it comes with gparted) but it is highly NOT recommended to resize a mounted, usable partition.
Please note that (at the time I'm speaking ubuntu 11.10 "Gparted 0.8.1") Gparted  can't manage partition in the LVM it self...


text:
UK consumers face 'bleak' winter as food inflation hits new high
UK food inflation hit a new record in November as the cost of meat, eggs and milk soared according to new sector data suggesting a "bleak" winter for millions of households.
Annual growth of UK food prices rose strongly to 12.4 per cent in November, up from 11.6 per cent in October, the British Retail Consortium said on Wednesday.
That is the biggest inflation rate in the food category since records began in 2005, and higher than overall shop price annual inflation, which was a record 7.4 per cent in November, up from 6.6 per cent in October.
Responding to the figures, BRC chief executive Helen Dickinson said: "Winter looks increasingly bleak as pressures on prices continue unabated."
She added that price of foodstuffs, especially for meat, eggs and dairy, had soared because of the spiralling costs of energy, animal feed and transport.
Coffee prices also accelerated in November as high input costs filtered through to price tags, according to the BRC. Fresh food inflation was particularly fast at 14.3 per cent, up 1 percentage point month on month.
The figures suggest that the 45-year high in food price inflation reported by the Office for National Statistics for October will accelerate when the body publishes data for November on December 14. This will amount to a further squeeze for households, particularly poorer ones because they spend on average a larger proportion of their finances on food and energy.
In the first half of November, more than two in five people had to cut back on food shopping and essentials because of the surge in living costs, according to separate data published last week by the Office for National Statistics.
Mike Watkins, head of retailer at NielsenIQ, said: "With prices still rising, the cost of Christmas will be higher this year and shoppers will be managing their budgets more closely than at any time since the start of cost of living crisis."
Huw Pill, Bank of England chief economist, on Wednesday said he expected inflation to start falling next year, reflecting a stabilisation in the price of gas, which soared after Russia invaded Ukraine.
"We are expecting to see headline inflation tail off in the second half of next year, in fact quite rapidly, on account of those base effects," Pill told the UK regions economic summit of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales.
Pill's remarks are in line with the Office for Budget Responsibility, the independent fiscal watchdog, which this month forecast UK inflation easing from next quarter, but food price pressures lingering for longer.
Dickinson said that while there were signs that cost pressures might start to ease in 2023, "Christmas cheer will be dampened this year".
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Love Today OTT release: Know when, where to watch the Pradeep Ranganathan RomCom


Love drinking tea? Love reading books? Love reading a book while drinking tea? Have I got a reading challenge for you! In 2019, I'll be hosting the Share-a-Tea Reading Challenge again.
Who can join? Anyone who enjoys reading. You don't need to have a blog. You don't need to have a twitter account.
Are coffee drinkers welcome? Well. You can still join in, I suppose. But you might be outnumbered by tea drinkers.
Which books count towards the challenge? Any book that you primarily read while drinking tea. Not every single page needs to have been read while drinking tea. (I'm not that strict!!!) But this challenge is all about celebrating SLOWING DOWN and SAVORING the moments.
How many books? Is there a set minimum? This challenge is about QUALITY and not quantity. It's not about reading fifty books or even twelve books. This is an anti-rush reading challenge. Enjoy where you are in a book, and, engage fully in it. Live in the book.
1) When you sign up in a comment below, share one favorite tea and one favorite book. And if you've got one handy: a favorite quote.
2) If you write a post on your blog announcing the challenge (and making a place to keep track of what you've read), consider sharing a bit about yourself--your reading and drinking habits. You might consider a longer list of recommendations!
3) If you're on twitter, tweet me as often as you like. @blbooks OR @operationbible Tweet about favorite teas, favorite books, favorite authors, favorite quotes, what you're currently reading, what you've just finished reading, etc.
4) Consider adding me and fellow participants to your blogroll, and cheer on other participants by reading reviews and leaving comments.
5) At the end of each month, I'll publish a check-in post. You can leave comments sharing what you're reading, what you've read, tea recommendations, etc. Even if you haven't finished a book, you can share where you're at. Remember, it isn't about how many books you read per month! I plan on posting a check-in post on the FOURTH SATURDAY of every month. The check-in posts for 2019 will be January 26, February 23, March 23, April 27, May 25, June 22, July 27, August 24, September 28, October 26, November 23, December 28.
Be aware that comment moderation is turned on. So if you sign up for the challenge, and don't see your comment published, it just means I haven't published it...yet. But I will.
Do ask questions if you have them. I'll do my best to answer them.
My favorite tea is one I buy at Wholefoods: 365 Everyday Value, Rooibos Tea, Orange Vanilla Crème. A favorite book: Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte. A favorite quote: "Draw your chair up close to the edge of the precipice, and I'll tell you a story." F. Scott Fitzgerald.
I'm joining in on this challenge. I love it.
I'm so excited about this "anti-rush reading challenge," Becky! With so little time to read these days, this is the only challenge I have hope to complete. Ha! And I love tea, so this is a win-win for sure.
I have simple tastes when it comes to tea. Black tea sweetened with honey. My current favorite is Bigelow's premium ceylon tea. Although some missionaries connected with our church gave my husband and I some black tea from Kenya that is lovely. Nice rich, strong flavor which I like.


text:
Polaris Picks Huntsville, Alabama For Its New Facility
The company's new 600,000-square-foot, $127-million manufacturing facility will produce off-road vehicles on a 453-acre site.
https://businessfacilities.com/2015/03/alabama-polaris-industries-bringing-2000-jobs-to-huntsville/
Home » Blog » Industry News » Advanced Manufacturing » Business Report: Alabama – Polaris Industries Bringing 2,000 Jobs To Huntsville
Business Report: Alabama – Polaris Industries Bringing 2,000 Jobs To Huntsville
Gov. Robert Bentley (right) announced the Polaris deal at the Jackson Conference Center in Huntsville. (Photo: madeinalabama.com.)
By Shana Daley
From the January/February 2015 issue
Polaris Industries Inc. has announced that it plans to build a manufacturing facility in Alabama that focuses on the production of off-road vehicles, creating up to 2,000 new jobs.
Polaris said Huntsville was an ideal pick for its 600,000-square-foot facility because of the city's skilled workforce, a history of technology and innovation, existing utility infrastructure, and local and state support. The 453-acre site also brings Polaris closer to its key customer base in the Southeast and offers a strong logistics network for the new operation.
"This new facility will [reduce] pressure on our existing facilities and enable each to remain focused on their current product lines," said Ken Pucel, a Polaris executive vice president.
Gov. Robert Bentley welcomed the company's announcement at a press conference at the Jackson Conference Center in Huntsville. Alabama officials said the project represents an investment of at least $127 million.
"The Alabama workforce, our business climate and our quality of life continue to make Alabama extremely attractive to companies," Gov. Bentley said. "I am confident that Polaris will soon experience the same type of success that other companies in Alabama have already experienced.
"Alabama's success in advanced manufacturing is a result of the state's successful Accelerate Alabama plan, and Polaris' off-road vehicle production strategy fits perfectly within our manufacturing goals," he added.
Medina, MN-based Polaris will break ground on the Huntsville facility in 2015, with completion slated for the second quarter of 2016. Production will begin shortly thereafter. At full capacity, the Huntsville facility will employ at least 1,700 people, and Alabama officials say the figure could rise to 2,000 by 2020.
Polaris said the Alabama manufacturing facility will feature multiple assembly lines and state-of-the-art technologies. It will support core processes including vehicle assembly, chassis and body painting, welding, fabrication, and injection molding.
Greg Canfield, secretary of the Alabama Department of Commerce, said Polaris, a manufacturer that prides itself on its engineering prowess, has found a good home in Huntsville, a city known for its high concentration of engineering talent.
"At Polaris, making great products is more than just a job—it's a creed the company lives by," Canfield said.
This was the city's first major economic development project in annexed portions of Limestone County, which is emerging as the region's growth corridor. "We are grateful for a strong partnership with Chairman Mark Yarbrough and the Limestone County Commission for making this project possible."
Polaris' announcement comes almost exactly a year after Remington Outdoor Co., the nation's oldest firearms manufacturer, unveiled plans to build a $110 million factory in Huntsville that will eventually employ more than 2,000 people. Huntsville has scored other notable economic successes lately, including a Boeing technology research center with 350 jobs announced in 2013.
Huntsville, home to NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center and Redstone Arsenal, also boasts many advanced manufacturing companies, including Toyota, which has produced more than 3 million engines at its plant in the city.
A deep roster of Alabama agencies teamed with the Commerce Department and the Chamber of Commerce of Huntsville/Madison County on the Polaris recruitment. AIDT, the state's job-training agency, will assist the company is assembling and preparing its workforce. The Tennessee Valley Authority assisted in the project, as did the cities of Athens and Decatur, along with several government agencies in Morgan and Limestone counties.
Huntsville named Science, Tech, Engineering & Math Capital of the South
Snapshots: 60 Seconds… With Greg Canfield, Alabama Secretary Of Commerce Alabama is accelerating its jobs incentives and upgrading its training programs to attract prospective businesses to the state.
Business Report: Investment Tide Keeps Rolling In Alabama There were 392 new projects in Alabama in 2014, bringing in nearly $3.4 billion in Investment, with automotive and aerospace leading the way.
BF-Jan/Feb-2015
Limestone County
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Location Spotlight: Hoosier Energy
The Hoosier Energy Power Network's Economic Development team is dedicated to providing valuable site selection information and assistance to companies considering a relocation or expansion in Indiana or Illinois.
IMETCO® Offers New Online Experience With Refreshed Website July 18, 2019
IMETCO launches a redesigned website to mark a milestone in the company's history. The new website offers visitors a new online experience. - Read: IMETCO® Offers New Online Experience With Refreshed Website at FacilityExecutive.com.
Expanded Mobile Credential App July 18, 2019
Brivo added three new usability options for opening doors with its signature mobile credential application, Brivo Onair Pass. - Read: Expanded Mobile Credential App at FacilityExecutive.com.


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Rachel Chan Suet Kay is a Research Fellow at the Institute of Ethnic Studies (KITA), National University of Malaysia. She received her PhD in Sociology and Master of Arts by research from the University of Malaya, and a BSc (Hons) in Sociology and Diploma in Economics from the University of London. Her research areas lie in Malaysian Chinese identity, cultural capital, popular culture, and subculture. She recently published a book titled 'Ah Beng Subculture and the Anti-Capital of Social Exclusion'.


MilkBot describes a lactation in terms of its scale, ramp, and persistence. These parameters control the shape of the lactation curve.
The fitting engine uses breed, parity, and any test day data points to calculate values for each parameter. These describe the lactation as a whole, and can be used to calculate expected milk at each day of the lactation as well as M305 and peak milk.
Add a milk test point to the graph by moving the mouse pointer to the DIM/milk location on the graph, and click. The MilkBot fitter will recalculate scale, ramp, and persistence accordingly. Add more points to see how the curve is adjusted.
You can see the effect of the change on the shape of the curve.
Reload the page to remove points, and reset to default breed and parity.