text:
Disease relevance of Neutrophils
Psychiatry related information on Neutrophils
High impact information on Neutrophils
Chemical compound and disease context of Neutrophils
Biological context of Neutrophils
Anatomical context of Neutrophils
Associations of Neutrophils with chemical compounds
Gene context of Neutrophils
Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Neutrophils
Ossovskaya, V.S. et al., Li, Q. et al., Bentwood, B.J. et al., Berlin, C. et al., Lee, T.H. et al., et al.
Herwald, Cramer, Mörgelin, Russell, Sollenberg, Norrby-Teglund, Flodgaard, Lindbom, Björck, Gurguis, Andrews, Antai-Otong, Vo, Blakeley, Orsulak, Rush,
In myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes, CSF treatment, particularly G-CSF, has proved effective for certain patients in improving neutrophil, platelet, and occasionally red cell production while reducing blast cells [1].
The median duration of neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count < or = 1000 per cubic millimeter) was shorter in the lenograstim group (21 days, as compared with 27 days in the placebo group; P < 0.001) [2].
Patients with chronic granulomatous disease whose functional defect was localized to the neutrophil membrane (classic X-linked cytochrome b-negative type and two other rare variants) had normal amounts of both cytosolic components [3].
Matrilysin shedding of syndecan-1 regulates chemokine mobilization and transepithelial efflux of neutrophils in acute lung injury [4].
Stimulated neutrophils from individuals with myocardial infarction produce more leukotriene B4, a key product in the 5-lipoxygenase pathway, than do neutrophils from controls, and this difference is largely attributed to cells from males who carry the at-risk haplotype [5].
This disorder leads to an immunodeficiency caused by the absence of carbohydrate-based selectin ligands on the surface of neutrophils as well as to severe psychomotor and mental retardation [6].
The degranulation response of human neutrophils to the calcium ionophore A23187, serum opsonized zymosan (ZC), aggregated gamma-globulin (A gamma G), C5a, formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), and PMA has been studied as a reaction time course in order to compare the release kinetics of the separate granule types [7].
Though the number of neutrophils at the early stage of infection appeared to be the most critical, the results suggest that other host defense mechanisms, such as TNF-alpha overproduction in the lungs, have an important role in the prognosis of trichosporonosis [8].
Neutrophil beta2-adrenergic receptor coupling efficiency to Gs protein in subjects with post-traumatic stress disorder and normal controls [9].
During human development, the liver and marrow both function as hematopoietic organs, but little is known about differences in the production of macrophages and neutrophils by these two organs [10].
Two structural variants of IL-1Ra have previously been described: a 17-kDa form that is secreted from monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, and other cells (sIL-1Ra) and an 18-kDa form that remains in the cytoplasm of keratinocytes and other epithelial cells, monocytes, and fibroblasts (icIL-1Ra) [11].
Certain serine proteases that derive from the circulation (e.g., coagulation factors), inflammatory cells (e.g., mast cell and neutrophil proteases), and from multiple other sources (e.g., epithelial cells, neurons, bacteria, fungi) can cleave protease-activated receptors (PARs), a family of four G protein-coupled receptors [12].
Here we find that M protein, released from the streptococcal surface, forms complexes with fibrinogen, which by binding to beta2 integrins of neutrophils, activate these cells [13].
As a result, neutrophils release heparin binding protein, an inflammatory mediator inducing vascular leakage [13].
Bone marrow transplantation experiments confirmed that Mmp8 supplied by neutrophils was sufficient to restore the natural protection against tumor development mediated by this protease in male mice [14].
In vitro, LPC increased bactericidal activity of neutrophils, but not macrophages, by enhancing H(2)O(2) production in neutrophils that ingested E. coli [15].
In vitro, thymosin beta4 sulfoxide inhibited neutrophil chemotaxis, and in vivo, the oxidized peptide, but not the native form, was a potent inhibitor of carrageenin-induced edema in the mouse paw [16].
Reactive oxygen species are the intracellular link in this process: phagocytosis-induced apoptosis was blocked both in neutrophils treated with the flavoprotein inhibitor diphenylene iodonium and in neutrophils from patients with chronic granulomatous disease, which lack NADPH oxidase [17].
Three different neutrophil subsets exhibited in mice with different susceptibilities to infection by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [18].
Decreased spleen size and increased neutrophils in patients with Felty syndrome. Effects of gold sodium thiomalate therapy [19].
The locomotion of one patient's neutrophils in vitro was less than 50 per cent of that of normal neutrophils, and migration of this patient's neutrophils into dermal abrasions was reduced, although phagocytosis and nitroblue tetrazolium reduction were normal [20].
It is likely that this G protein is involved in receptor-mediated signal transduction in neutrophils by mechanisms that do not involve cyclic AMP [21].
The peak increase in surface Mo1 coincided with the maximal drop in neutrophil count and with the peak rise in the plasma levels of the complement-activation products C5a desArg and C3a desArg [22].
Of the several families of adhesion receptors involved in leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions, only the selectins have been shown to initiate leukocyte interaction under physiologic shear; indeed, beta 2 (CD18) intergrins responsible for neutrophil arrest are unable to engage without prior selectin-mediated rolling [23].
PGP caused chemotaxis and production of superoxide through CXC receptors, and administration of peptide caused recruitment of neutrophils (PMNs) into lungs of control, but not CXCR2-deficient mice [24].
Administration of recombinant GM-CSF resulted in dose-dependent increases in circulating leukocytes and in increases in circulating neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes [25].
The serums of five patients with idiopathic neutropeniaopsonized normal neutrophils, causing them to be ingested by rabbit macrophages or else to activate glucose oxidation rates of other normal neutrophils by at least twice the rate of controls [26].
The adherence of neutrophils to bovine endothelial-cell monolayers pretreated with leukotriene B4 was inhibited completely, and their average chemotactic response to leukotriene B4 was inhibited by 70 per cent, as compared with values determined before the diet was begun and six weeks after its discontinuation [27].
F(ab')2 fragments of a monoclonal antibody, 25E11, raised against activated large granular lymphocytes, inhibited killing by natural killer cells, blocked the binding of fibronectin-coated particles by monocytes, and stimulated neutrophils to exhibit increased antibody-dependent killing [28].
Results. Treatment with granulocyte CSF accelerated the recovery of neutrophils significantly (P less than 0.01), shortening it by about a week, but it had no effect on platelet recovery [29].
The addition of ascorbate reduced cAMP levels in the patient's cells from a mean of 34.5 pmoles per 10(7) polymorphonuclear leukocytes to 5.9, as compared to a control value of 3.1+/-1 [30].
Hydroxyl radical formation in neutrophils [31].
The neutrophil selectin LECAM-1 presents carbohydrate ligands to the vascular selectins ELAM-1 and GMP-140 [32].
The administration of vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) was found to improve polymorphonuclear leukocyte function in an infant with congenital deficiency of glutathione synthetase activity [33].
Effect of lithium on neutrophil mass and production [34].
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a cytokine that regulates the proliferation and differentiation of neutrophils [35].
Thus, matrilysin-mediated shedding of syndecan-1/KC complexes from the mucosal surface directs and confines neutrophil influx to sites of injury [4].
Cells transfected with VCAM-1 bind the human leukemia lines Jurkat, Ramos, Raji, HL60, and THP1, but not peripheral blood neutrophils [36].
In matrilysin null mice, neutrophils remained confined in the interstitium of injured lungs and did not advance into the alveolar space [4].
EPIs inhibit the growth of epithelial cells but induce them to secrete the neutrophil attractant IL-8, while PEPI blocks neutrophil activation by tumor necrosis factor, preventing release of oxidants and proteases [37].
Two types of autoantibodies were identified; one with reactivity with myeloperoxidase on ELISA produced an artifactual perinuclear immunostaining of alcohol-fixed neutrophils, and another with no reactivity with myeloperoxidase on ELISA produced diffuse cytoplasmic immunostaining [38].
An acquired chemotactic defect in neutrophils from patients receiving interleukin-2 immunotherapy [39].
Reperfusion of ischaemic lung caused neutrophil infiltration and destruction of pulmonary structure, as well as local production of IL-8 [40].
In Western blots antisera detect a neutrophil protein of relative molecular mass in 90,000 (90K) that is absent in X-CGD patients [41].
Ets-1-deficient mice produced by gene targeting developed mature erythrocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, and T and B lymphocytes [42].
The clinical use of colony stimulating factors. Moore, M.A. Annu. Rev. Immunol. (1991) [Pubmed]
A controlled study of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in elderly patients after treatment for acute myelogenous leukemia. AML Cooperative Study Group. Dombret, H., Chastang, C., Fenaux, P., Reiffers, J., Bordessoule, D., Bouabdallah, R., Mandelli, F., Ferrant, A., Auzanneau, G., Tilly, H. N. Engl. J. Med. (1995) [Pubmed]
Genetic variants of chronic granulomatous disease: prevalence of deficiencies of two cytosolic components of the NADPH oxidase system. Clark, R.A., Malech, H.L., Gallin, J.I., Nunoi, H., Volpp, B.D., Pearson, D.W., Nauseef, W.M., Curnutte, J.T. N. Engl. J. Med. (1989) [Pubmed]
Matrilysin shedding of syndecan-1 regulates chemokine mobilization and transepithelial efflux of neutrophils in acute lung injury. Li, Q., Park, P.W., Wilson, C.L., Parks, W.C. Cell (2002) [Pubmed]
The gene encoding 5-lipoxygenase activating protein confers risk of myocardial infarction and stroke. Helgadottir, A., Manolescu, A., Thorleifsson, G., Gretarsdottir, S., Jonsdottir, H., Thorsteinsdottir, U., Samani, N.J., Gudmundsson, G., Grant, S.F., Thorgeirsson, G., Sveinbjornsdottir, S., Valdimarsson, E.M., Matthiasson, S.E., Johannsson, H., Gudmundsdottir, O., Gurney, M.E., Sainz, J., Thorhallsdottir, M., Andresdottir, M., Frigge, M.L., Topol, E.J., Kong, A., Gudnason, V., Hakonarson, H., Gulcher, J.R., Stefansson, K. Nat. Genet. (2004) [Pubmed]
Correction of leukocyte adhesion deficiency type II with oral fucose. Marquardt, T., Lühn, K., Srikrishna, G., Freeze, H.H., Harms, E., Vestweber, D. Blood (1999) [Pubmed]
The sequential release of granule constitutents from human neutrophils. Bentwood, B.J., Henson, P.M. J. Immunol. (1980) [Pubmed]
Effects of granulocyte and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factors in a neutropenic murine model of trichosporonosis. Muranaka, H., Suga, M., Nakagawa, K., Sato, K., Gushima, Y., Ando, M. Infect. Immun. (1997) [Pubmed]
Neutrophil beta2-adrenergic receptor coupling efficiency to Gs protein in subjects with post-traumatic stress disorder and normal controls. Gurguis, G.N., Andrews, R., Antai-Otong, D., Vo, S.P., Blakeley, J.E., Orsulak, P.J., Rush, A.J. Psychopharmacology (Berl.) (1999) [Pubmed]
Hematopoiesis in the liver and marrow of human fetuses at 5 to 16 weeks postconception: quantitative assessment of macrophage and neutrophil populations. Slayton, W.B., Juul, S.E., Calhoun, D.A., Li, Y., Braylan, R.C., Christensen, R.D. Pediatr. Res. (1998) [Pubmed]
Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist: role in biology. Arend, W.P., Malyak, M., Guthridge, C.J., Gabay, C. Annu. Rev. Immunol. (1998) [Pubmed]
Protease-activated receptors: contribution to physiology and disease. Ossovskaya, V.S., Bunnett, N.W. Physiol. Rev. (2004) [Pubmed]
M protein, a classical bacterial virulence determinant, forms complexes with fibrinogen that induce vascular leakage. Herwald, H., Cramer, H., Mörgelin, M., Russell, W., Sollenberg, U., Norrby-Teglund, A., Flodgaard, H., Lindbom, L., Björck, L. Cell (2004) [Pubmed]
Loss of collagenase-2 confers increased skin tumor susceptibility to male mice. Balbín, M., Fueyo, A., Tester, A.M., Pendás, A.M., Pitiot, A.S., Astudillo, A., Overall, C.M., Shapiro, S.D., López-Otín, C. Nat. Genet. (2003) [Pubmed]
Therapeutic effects of lysophosphatidylcholine in experimental sepsis. Yan, J.J., Jung, J.S., Lee, J.E., Lee, J., Huh, S.O., Kim, H.S., Jung, K.C., Cho, J.Y., Nam, J.S., Suh, H.W., Kim, Y.H., Song, D.K. Nat. Med. (2004) [Pubmed]
Thymosin beta 4 sulfoxide is an anti-inflammatory agent generated by monocytes in the presence of glucocorticoids. Young, J.D., Lawrence, A.J., MacLean, A.G., Leung, B.P., McInnes, I.B., Canas, B., Pappin, D.J., Stevenson, R.D. Nat. Med. (1999) [Pubmed]
A novel role for the beta 2 integrin CD11b/CD18 in neutrophil apoptosis: a homeostatic mechanism in inflammation. Coxon, A., Rieu, P., Barkalow, F.J., Askari, S., Sharpe, A.H., von Andrian, U.H., Arnaout, M.A., Mayadas, T.N. Immunity (1996) [Pubmed]
Three different neutrophil subsets exhibited in mice with different susceptibilities to infection by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Tsuda, Y., Takahashi, H., Kobayashi, M., Hanafusa, T., Herndon, D.N., Suzuki, F. Immunity (2004) [Pubmed]
Decreased spleen size and increased neutrophils in patients with Felty syndrome. Effects of gold sodium thiomalate therapy. Hurd, E.R., Cheatum, D.E. JAMA (1976) [Pubmed]
A neutrophil disorder induced by capnocytophaga, a dental micro-organism. Shurin, S.B., Socransky, S.S., Sweeney, E., Stossel, T.P. N. Engl. J. Med. (1979) [Pubmed]
Inhibition of receptor-mediated release of arachidonic acid by pertussis toxin. Bokoch, G.M., Gilman, A.G. Cell (1984) [Pubmed]
Increased expression of an adhesion-promoting surface glycoprotein in the granulocytopenia of hemodialysis. Arnaout, M.A., Hakim, R.M., Todd, R.F., Dana, N., Colten, H.R. N. Engl. J. Med. (1985) [Pubmed]
alpha 4 integrins mediate lymphocyte attachment and rolling under physiologic flow. Berlin, C., Bargatze, R.F., Campbell, J.J., von Andrian, U.H., Szabo, M.C., Hasslen, S.R., Nelson, R.D., Berg, E.L., Erlandsen, S.L., Butcher, E.C. Cell (1995) [Pubmed]
A novel peptide CXCR ligand derived from extracellular matrix degradation during airway inflammation. Weathington, N.M., van Houwelingen, A.H., Noerager, B.D., Jackson, P.L., Kraneveld, A.D., Galin, F.S., Folkerts, G., Nijkamp, F.P., Blalock, J.E. Nat. Med. (2006) [Pubmed]
Effect of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on myelopoiesis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Groopman, J.E., Mitsuyasu, R.T., DeLeo, M.J., Oette, D.H., Golde, D.W. N. Engl. J. Med. (1987) [Pubmed]
Autoimmune neutropenia. Boxer, L.A., Greenberg, M.S., Boxer, G.J., Stossel, T.P. N. Engl. J. Med. (1975) [Pubmed]
Effect of dietary enrichment with eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids on in vitro neutrophil and monocyte leukotriene generation and neutrophil function. Lee, T.H., Hoover, R.L., Williams, J.D., Sperling, R.I., Ravalese, J., Spur, B.W., Robinson, D.R., Corey, E.J., Lewis, R.A., Austen, K.F. N. Engl. J. Med. (1985) [Pubmed]
The IIb-IIIa glycoprotein complex that mediates platelet aggregation is directly implicated in leukocyte adhesion. Burns, G.F., Cosgrove, L., Triglia, T., Beall, J.A., López, A.F., Werkmeister, J.A., Begley, C.G., Haddad, A.P., d'Apice, A.J., Vadas, M.A. Cell (1986) [Pubmed]
Effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor after intensive induction therapy in relapsed or refractory acute leukemia. Ohno, R., Tomonaga, M., Kobayashi, T., Kanamaru, A., Shirakawa, S., Masaoka, T., Omine, M., Oh, H., Nomura, T., Sakai, Y. N. Engl. J. Med. (1990) [Pubmed]
Correction of leukocyte function in Chediak-Higashi syndrome by ascorbate. Boxer, L.A., Watanabe, A.M., Rister, M., Besch, H.R., Allen, J., Baehner, R.L. N. Engl. J. Med. (1976) [Pubmed]
Hydroxyl radical formation in neutrophils. Britigan, B.E., Cohen, M.S., Rosen, G.M. N. Engl. J. Med. (1988) [Pubmed]
The neutrophil selectin LECAM-1 presents carbohydrate ligands to the vascular selectins ELAM-1 and GMP-140. Picker, L.J., Warnock, R.A., Burns, A.R., Doerschuk, C.M., Berg, E.L., Butcher, E.C. Cell (1991) [Pubmed]
Protection of granulocytes by vitamin E in glutathione synthetase deficiency. Boxer, L.A., Oliver, J.M., Spielberg, S.P., Allen, J.M., Schulman, J.D. N. Engl. J. Med. (1979) [Pubmed]
Effect of lithium on neutrophil mass and production. Rothstein, G., Clarkson, D.R., Larsen, W., Grosser, B.I., Athens, J.W. N. Engl. J. Med. (1978) [Pubmed]
Growth and differentiation signals mediated by different regions in the cytoplasmic domain of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor. Fukunaga, R., Ishizaka-Ikeda, E., Nagata, S. Cell (1993) [Pubmed]
Direct expression cloning of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, a cytokine-induced endothelial protein that binds to lymphocytes. Osborn, L., Hession, C., Tizard, R., Vassallo, C., Luhowskyj, S., Chi-Rosso, G., Lobb, R. Cell (1989) [Pubmed]
Conversion of proepithelin to epithelins: roles of SLPI and elastase in host defense and wound repair. Zhu, J., Nathan, C., Jin, W., Sim, D., Ashcroft, G.S., Wahl, S.M., Lacomis, L., Erdjument-Bromage, H., Tempst, P., Wright, C.D., Ding, A. Cell (2002) [Pubmed]
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies with specificity for myeloperoxidase in patients with systemic vasculitis and idiopathic necrotizing and crescentic glomerulonephritis. Falk, R.J., Jennette, J.C. N. Engl. J. Med. (1988) [Pubmed]
An acquired chemotactic defect in neutrophils from patients receiving interleukin-2 immunotherapy. Klempner, M.S., Noring, R., Mier, J.W., Atkins, M.B. N. Engl. J. Med. (1990) [Pubmed]
Prevention of lung reperfusion injury in rabbits by a monoclonal antibody against interleukin-8. Sekido, N., Mukaida, N., Harada, A., Nakanishi, I., Watanabe, Y., Matsushima, K. Nature (1993) [Pubmed]
The glycoprotein encoded by the X-linked chronic granulomatous disease locus is a component of the neutrophil cytochrome b complex. Dinauer, M.C., Orkin, S.H., Brown, R., Jesaitis, A.J., Parkos, C.A. Nature (1987) [Pubmed]
The Ets-1 transcription factor is required for the development of natural killer cells in mice. Barton, K., Muthusamy, N., Fischer, C., Ting, C.N., Walunas, T.L., Lanier, L.L., Leiden, J.M. Immunity (1998) [Pubmed]


text:
package com.google.gwt.dev.js.ast;

import com.google.gwt.dev.jjs.SourceInfo;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * A JavaScript var statement.
 */
public class JsVars extends JsStatement implements Iterable<JsVars.JsVar> {

  /**
   * A var declared using the JavaScript var statement.
   */
  public static class JsVar extends JsNode implements HasName {

    private JsExpression initExpr;

    private final JsName name;

    public JsVar(SourceInfo sourceInfo, JsName name) {
      super(sourceInfo);
      this.name = name;
    }

    public JsExpression getInitExpr() {
      return initExpr;
    }

    @Override
    public NodeKind getKind() {
      return NodeKind.VAR;
    }

    @Override
    public JsName getName() {
      return name;
    }

    public void setInitExpr(JsExpression initExpr) {
      this.initExpr = initExpr;
    }

    @Override
    public void traverse(JsVisitor v, JsContext ctx) {
      if (v.visit(this, ctx)) {
        if (initExpr != null) {
          initExpr = v.accept(initExpr);
        }
      }
      v.endVisit(this, ctx);
    }
  }

  private final List<JsVar> vars = new ArrayList<JsVar>();

  public JsVars(SourceInfo sourceInfo) {
    super(sourceInfo);
  }

  public void add(JsVar var) {
    vars.add(var);
  }

  @Override
  public NodeKind getKind() {
    return NodeKind.VARS;
  }

  public int getNumVars() {
    return vars.size();
  }

  public boolean isEmpty() {
    return vars.isEmpty();
  }

  // Iterator returns JsVar objects
  @Override
  public Iterator<JsVar> iterator() {
    return vars.iterator();
  }

  @Override
  public void traverse(JsVisitor v, JsContext ctx) {
    if (v.visit(this, ctx)) {
      v.acceptWithInsertRemove(vars);
    }
    v.endVisit(this, ctx);
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
layout: post
title: Host Virtualbox Linux on Windows machine for Rails Development
---
Developing Rails apps requires a \*nix platform, because Windows' terminal leaves much to be desired.
Macs tend to be expensive, especially for tinkering around.
Enter Linux in Virtualbox!

#### Pros
1. Free! Turn that Windows gaming rig into a respectable development workstation with open source tools.

#### Cons
1. You will be using Linux, you better know what you are doing...
2. Can be a pain to set up.

#### Difficulty and Time
Difficulty: Medium - lots of tools and environments involved, but mainly configuration problemsolving.
Time: A good long afternoon.

## 1. The Windows Host
I had a Windows7 with 8gb RAM and spare 12GB of disk space.
Dedicated 5gb of the ram to the virtual Linux and all works well.

#### 1-1 Install Virtualbox
Head over to [Oracle homepage](https://www.virtualbox.org/).
Grab and install:

1. VirtualBox <version> for Windows hosts
2. The extension pack

#### 1-2 Get a Linux Distro
I went with [Lubuntu](http://lubuntu.net/).

#### 1-3 Create a Virtual Machine
Look up how to do it.
Make sure you mount the Linux distro image before booting it.

#### 1-4 Install Linux
After boot you should be prompted by Linux installer.
Have it finish successfully.
Unmount the install image after setup and reboot the VM.

#### 1-5 Install Guest Additions
Open the Terminal with Ctrl+Alt+T

```
sudo apt-get install virtualbox-guest-dkms virtualbox-guest-utils virtualbox-guest-x11
```

Reboot VM, increase resolution to native and go Fullscreen mode with RCtrl+F

## 2. The Linux Guest

### 2-0 Library Setup
Vanilla Lubuntu is missing several key libs web developers will need, run this command

```
sudo apt-get install -y fish curl git tilda fonts-dejavu nodejs libxslt-dev libxml2-dev
```

### 2-1 Terminal and Shell
I use Fish shell.
Tilda allows for nice customization.

#### 2-1-1 Fish Setup

Install Fish shell from official repo ([original thread](https://hackercodex.com/guide/install-fish-shell-mac-ubuntu/))

```
sudo apt-add-repository ppa:fish-shell/release-2
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install fish

# Make Fish your default shell:
chsh -s /usr/bin/fish
```

Install Oh-My-Fish

```
$ curl -L http://get.oh-my.fish | fish
```

Set Fish as default login shell

```
# get where fish installed
$ which fish

# add fish to shells
$ echo "<fish path>" | sudo tee -a /etc/shells

# make fish the default shell
$ chsh -s <fish path>
```

Set theme and some aliases

```
# theme
$ omf install robbyrussell
$ omf theme robbyrussell

# nano the fish config
$ nano ~/.config/fish/config.fish

    alias opsh="sudo nano /home/augusts/.config/fish/config.fish "
    alias ls="command ls -A --color --group-directories-first"

    set -g -x fish_greeting ''
    echo -e "Proceed to \033[38;5;208mfishy\033[0;00m business!"
```

#### 2-1-2 Tilda setup

```
$ sudo apt-get install tilda fonts-dejavu

$ tilda
```

Configure:

1. Where you want the tilda window to be
2. Use of 12pt DejaVU mono Book fonts-dejavu
3. Use of initial command to run fish

![terminal look]({{ site.baseurl }}/images/virtualbox/terminal.png)

### Misc Packages

```
sudo apt-get install nodejs libxslt-dev libxml2-dev
```

### Keys
You want to map CapsLock key to act as Return.
You might also want to remap other keys.

Start by consulting the [in-depth thread](http://askubuntu.com/questions/254424/how-can-i-change-what-keys-on-my-keyboard-do-how-can-i-create-custom-keyboard/257497#257497).
Here's a key symbol [reference](http://wiki.linuxquestions.org/wiki/List_of_Keysyms_Recognised_by_Xmodmap).

Place the remaps somewhere they will be loaded very late, like fish.conf

__NB__, remaps, especially Capslock -> Return will break on relogging, just rerun the command.

```
xmodmap -e "keycode 49 = Delete Delete"
xmodmap -e "keycode 119 = grave asciitilde"
xmodmap -e "keycode 66 = Return Return Return" -e 'clear Lock'
```

#### Examples

##### Tilde/grave to Del

```
# 1. run `xev` command and get keycodes and event names for Delete, grave, tilde (and some possible Alt-symbols)

# 2. run `xmodmap` to change tilde to del and del to tilde
# keycode 119 is Delete by default
# keycode 49 is grave by default
xmodmap -e "keycode 49 = Delete Delete"
xmodmap -e "keycode 119 = grave asciitilde"
```

##### Caps to Enter

```
xmodmap -e "keycode 66 = Return" -e 'clear Lock'
```

### RVM

```
# add gpg key
$ gpg --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 409B6B1796C275462A1703113804BB82D39DC0E3

# Install rvm, ignore the warnings about fish
$ curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable --ruby

# Download fish functions
curl -L --create-dirs -o ~/.config/fish/functions/rvm.fish https://raw.github.com/lunks/fish-nuggets/master/functions/rvm.fish

# Activate them
$ echo "rvm default" >> ~/.config/fish/config.fish

# Verify
$ rvm --version

# Disable gem documentation
# Make a file ~/.gemrc and put this in it:
$ gem: --no-rdoc --no-ri
```

### Postgres

Install the packages

```
$ sudo apt-get install postgresql-common postgresql postgresql-contrib libpq-dev python-dev
```

```
$ sudo -u postgres createuser <your username>

# If you would like to set a password for the user, you can do the following
sudo -u postgres psql postgres

ALTER USER <your username> PASSWORD '<pass>';
ALTER USER <your username> CREATEDB;
ALTER USER <your username> WITH SUPERUSER;
\q
```
### MySQL
See this [DO post](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-mysql-on-ubuntu-14-04)

### Redis

#### Install deps

```
sudo apt-get update
```

```
sudo apt-get install -y build-essential tcl8.5
```

#### Get code and install

```
wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-stable.tar.gz

tar xzf redis-stable.tar.gz

cd redis-stable
make
sudo make install
```

#### Setup deamon

```
cd utils
sudo ./install_server.sh # the default 6379 port is fine for development
```

#### Test

```
redis-cli

> ping
```

Blatantly stolen from [my gist](https://gist.github.com/Epigene/f5e63e30ab7f9680e5f4).

### Development DNS

Accessing local webapps via localhost or IP is cumbersome and does not represent production environment.

We will set up `*.dev` TLD for development needs.

This will be a two-step process.
First we will muck with hosts to redirect all requests to .dev to the localhost 127.0.0.1 IP address.
Second, we will reconfigure the IP table to redirect requests to 127.0.0.1:80 to 127.0.0.1:3000.
This will produce the effect that a server started with `rails s -b 127.0.0.1 -p 3000` will be accessible at `http://<anything>.dev`

#### Change Hosts

Consult [this discussion](http://askubuntu.com/a/233209/254615) for insight.

#### Change IP table

```
sudo iptables -t nat -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -d 127.0.0.1 -j DNAT --to-destination 127.0.0.1:3000
```

See [this discussion](http://serverfault.com/a/54371/294240) for insight.

## 3. Tools

### 3-1 The Editor
Go with what you like and are familiar with.
I like and am familiar with GitHub's [Atom](https://atom.io/).

## 4. First App
By now it should be possible to get to Rails' "Hello World" screen of a new app.

#### 4-1 Set Up Ruby

```
$ rvm install ruby-2.3.1

$ rvm use 2.3.1@first-app --create

$ gem install bundler

$ gem install rails
```

#### 4-2 Set Up a Rails Project With Git

```
$ mkdir ~/Projects/first-app

$ cd ~/Projects/first-app

$ git init

$ rails new . -BMCT --database=postgresql --skip-keeps --skip-turbolinks
```

#### 4-3 Configure DB

```
# in /config/database.yml

default: &default
  adapter: postgresql
  encoding: unicode
  pool: <%= ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS") { 5 } %>
  database: first-app

development:
  <<: *default

test:
  <<: *default
  database: first-app_test

production:
  <<: *default
```

```
$ rails db:create db:migrate
```

#### Run The Server

```
$ rails s -b 127.0.0.1 -p 3000
```

The app should be reachable at http://local.dev

Yayifications!

## Troubleshooting

### My VM disc is too small!
Resize following [this video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ikSIDI535L0)
Then fix the swap fstab by:

```
# 1. Output available partitions
$ sudo blkid

# 2. Edit fstab and change swap UUID to correct one
$ sudo -H nano /etc/fstab
```


Modeling and Rendering a Face Mask with ZBrush and KeyShot » 3Ds Portal - CG Resources for Artists!
In this ZBrush and KeyShot tutorial we'll model a face mask using traditional ZBrush sculpting techniques, retopology, DynaMesh, and ZModeler.
We'll go through each step of the process in detail. Once the model is complete, we'll create a photo-real render using KeyShot. By the end of this ZBrush and KeyShot training you'll have a solid understanding of hard surface modeling strategies and techniques in ZBrush, as well as the tools necessary to create beautiful renders of your work using KeyShot.