text:
About DDS
Dr. Joseph P. Harmon
Dr. Leigh Auchey
Dr. Irene Sakellis
Our Founder Dr. Robert G. Esham
Dental Assistants
Dental Hygienists
Office Hours and Directions
Educational Videos and TV Spots
Comprehensive Oral Care
Exams and X-rays
Sleep Apnea and Snoring – Oral Sleep Appliances
How to Choose a Cosmetic Dentist
Smile Design and Cosmetic Imaging
THE GUMMY SMILE
The History of Cosmetic Dentistry
Replacing Missing Teeth/Tooth Replacement Options
Denture Options
Restoring Bone and Facial Structure
Periodontal (Gum) Treatment
Temporomandibular (TMJ) Disorder
Oral Health Information
Body and Oral Health Connection
Dental Products and Cavity Prevention
Misaligned Teeth
Harmful Products
Prevent Dental Fraud
Home/Dental Care/Temporomandibular (TMJ) Disorder
Many people have joint problems in the jaw, similarly to having other joint issues in the body. However, the jaw joint is unique in two ways. First, it is the only place in the body where two joints work together with two sets of muscles. Second, it is the most used joint in the body. It moves every time you swallow, talk, or eat. It is estimated that you swallow once per minute or 2,000 times per day, not including eating. Talking involves more jaw movement than swallowing, while eating requires the most effort.
How Does TMJ/TMD Work?
In order to understand this complex system, we need to go over some simple anatomy. First, there is the jaw joint which is known the temporomandibular joint or TMJ for short. It is called the joint because it is between two bones: the temporal bone (tempero) and the mandible (mandibular) or lower jaw bone. There are two joints and muscles on each side of the head and neck which move the lower jaw. These are complicated movements that move the lower jaw open, close, side to side, and forward. This requires both jaw joints to work together, but in different positions.
Problems such as headaches, jaw muscle aches, joint aches, and limited opening could be from TMJ or TMD. There are various causes for TMD. The most common cause is trauma or injury to the jaw joint. This can happen after opening too wide when eating, sleeping on one side, a long dental procedure, or after general anesthesia. Most of the time the jaw joint and muscles heal by themselves with the help of rest, icing the joint, or providing heat prior to moving the joint. Over the counter anti-inflammatory medications, like aspirin or ibuprofen can also help relieve discomfort. When pain lasts longer than one week, professional help should be sought from a dentist or physical therapist. Jaw exercises may be recommended.
What Causes TMJ/TMD?
Another cause for TMD could be arthritis. The jaw joint is no different than any other joint in your body, and it should be treated by a physician or a rheumatologist. Abnormal habits that overly stress the muscles and jaw joint can cause TMD. Harmful dental habits such as grinding (bruxism), clenching, ice chewing, gum chewing, and fingernail biting create forces that are much greater than chewing forces. A dentist can evaluate and make recommendations to modify these behaviors or make appliances such as bite guards to minimize their effect. An abnormal bite called malocclusion can be the sole cause or a contributing factor with an abnormal habit of TMD. There are numerous factors that cause an uneven bite such as alterations to normal muscle and jaw and teeth alignment. These may include mouth breathing, thumb sucking, prolonged use of the bottle, teething rings or sipping cups, loss of and failure to replace teeth, wisdom teeth, tooth wear, tooth erosion, gum disease, or ill-fitting dentures.
What Are TMJ Treatments?
Regular and early visits to a dentist can prevent much of this from occurring. Most of these conditions can be corrected by a dentist as well. Other treatment for TMD can also include using laser dentistry for healing and pain management or having BOTOX® injections for quick relief to muscle spasms.
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Our Blog/ What's New?
How to Prevent Bone Loss After Tooth Extraction
Tooth extraction should typically be a last resort. Pulling a tooth is generally reserved for cases where a tooth is so decayed or damaged that it is beyond saving with… Read More
Jun 5th
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As shelter-in-place restrictions in our community begin to ease, we would like to provide you with an update on the reopening of our practice and the precautions we are taking… Read More
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ORDERED ON WEDNESDAY, GOT IT ON FRIDAY. EVERY QUICK SERVICE. THE GRATE IS ALSO JUST WHAT I WAS HOPING FOR. VERY GOOD PRODUCT. MAKE SURE YOU ORDER THE RISER TO GO ALONG WITH THE GRATE. YOU REALLY CANT INSTALL IT ANY OTHER WAY. MY PLUMBER HAD THE PVC CLAMP COLLAR ALREADY INSTALLED, SO I DIDNT NEED THAT TO COMPLETE THE INSTALL.


text:
Martial Gène (* 30. Juni 1984) ist ein französischer Radrennfahrer aus Guadeloupe.

Martial Gène wurde 2005 einmal Etappenzweiter bei der Tour de la Guadeloupe. Im nächsten Jahr belegte er einmal den zweiten Platz auf einem Teilstück der Tour de la Martinique. In der Saison 2007 gewann Gène das Straßenrennen der Karibik-Meisterschaft auf Martinique. 2008 konnte er eine Etappe bei der Tour de la Martinique und zwei Teilstücke bei der Tour de la Guadeloupe für sich entscheiden. Außerdem wurde er bei letzterer Rundfahrt auch Fünfter in der Gesamtwertung.

Erfolge
2008
 eine Etappe Tour de la Martinique
 zwei Etappen Tour de la Guadeloupe

2009
 eine Etappe Tour de la Martinique

2010
 eine Etappe Tour de la Martinique

2011
 eine Etappe Tour de la Martinique

Teams
2013 Doltcini-Flanders (ab 01.09.)

Weblinks

Radsportler (Guadeloupe)
Geboren 1984
Franzose
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Cloud services have already become an essential part of our daily lives from web-based email accounts to storing and sharing photos, documents and music online.
As technology and broadband speeds continue to improve, the internet has become a more reliable, central hub for information, universally accessible 24/7 from anywhere in the world. Cloud computing allows us to apply the convenience and accessibility of these services to the business environment, and will certainly have a large influence on the future of the industry. Support IT can help establish and maintain your cloud infrastructure, either offering hosted services on our platform or supporting you with leading suppliers such as Microsoft and Google.
Support IT's own hosted platform allowing you to access a suite of hosted applications in our fully secure cloud infrastructure.
Your very own dedicated hosted platform of which you have full control in order to utilize the resource to your suiting.
Providing a mixture of public, private and physical solutions customized to the specific needs of your business.
We host cloud services for many companies, therefore costs are shared and businesses only pay for what they actually use.
Cloud services are based on out-of-the-box packages meaning hardware requirements and equipment expenditures.
We are constantly monitoring and keeping our software up to date, adding new services and features instantaneously.
Cloud services can be easily expanded or contracted to suit the requirements of your business at any given time. If there is a sudden growth and you need to rapidly scale up, this is a simple procedure.
Cloud services allow for your business to be accessible from anywhere at anytime, offering the flexibility to use and share information just as you would at the office.
Cloud backups are fast becoming the industry standard for ensuring your data remains safe. By backing up all data at a remote location, it remains secure in all contingencies.
Our Cloud Backup service is a reliable solution to ensuring your data remains safe. We will look after the backup for you and make sure it completes reliably each time, giving you peace of mind for the security of your business.
Your data is encrypted so that only your company is able to access the data that we store. The service simply works, giving you one less concern with running your business.
Using the Cloud Desktop service provided by Support-IT, you will have full portability without any impact on the production of you or your staff.
We will be able to host a workstation for you at our data centre, and will allow you to securely log in to your own personal workspace. You will be able to access all your data, business applications and email through a powerful desktop, anywhere you have internet access.
Security – You can be comfortable knowing your data is secure and safe, backed up by our Cloud Backup service.
Flexibility – We will endeavour to meet your needs and supply any applications that your users will need.
Usability – If you can use a Windows computer, you can use our service. Connection is simple, and once online, it behaves exactly like the workstations you are used to.
Accessibility – If you can get online with a phone, tablet, desktop or laptop, you can work on our cloud workstations.
Scalability – With a cost per user, you can be sure to find the service flexible to even the smallest businesses.
We can manage your emails for you with none of the expense of running your own email server.
As we offer price plans on a per user basis, you can be guaranteed a flexible, secure and convenient service. We will manage and look after your emails, contacts and calendars for you, taking the complicated work off your shoulders and allowing you to be fully productive.
We can allow you to filter your emails through Symantec's MessageLabs service, which will ensure that the emails you receive are fully checked for any virus infection.
The service will also block spam emails from getting into your inbox, ensuring that the messages you receive are genuine and safe. Symantec provide a 100% assured service level agreement for virus protection and uptime, guaranteeing that the service will never let you down.
Microsoft Office 365 will provide you with a cloud based solution to document creation and sharing. Using the Microsoft Office products that you are familiar with, the service will enable all members in your organisation to seamlessly create, share and work together.
Office in the cloud provides a solution to working out of the office, giving you access to all of your documents wherever there is an internet connection. Or simply work from in the office as usual, seamlessly sharing documents from inside and outside your organisation.
With a per user cost, the service is flexible and will suit the needs of even the smallest business.
Google Apps for Business is a fantastic alternative to Microsoft, allowing you email, calendar, document sharing and backup without the need for your own server. All Google Apps features are cloud based, allowing you to work from anywhere there is an internet connection with zero fuss.
Gmail for business will allow each user access to cloud based email. With 25gb storage for each user, emails will never need to be deleted or archived. Gmail's organisation features and features help keep organised.
Google Calendar will keep your workforce organised, with easily shared and accessible calendars, it's very easy to keep track of the diaries of all members of staff.
With Google Drive, your documents are shared without you needing a server, and all data is backed up off site by Google.
Sage is the market leading accountancy software in the UK, run by a team of 200 qualified accountants and tax specialists.
We can host Sage accounting software for you at our own data centre, allowing you to focus gaining the maximum benefit from the software without you needing to buy and maintain any additional servers or equipment.
We can provide Sage Line 50 Online, allowing you, on a per-user basis, to access Sage Line 50 and all your data from the office, at home or travelling – anywhere you have access to the internet.
Click here to be redirected to our Client Portal.
For job applications and enquiries, Support IT are always interested in strengthening the team.
Support IT have a great relationship with a broad range of reliable partners and suppliers.


text:
#pragma once
#include <aws/guardduty/GuardDuty_EXPORTS.h>
#include <aws/guardduty/model/DataSourceFreeTrial.h>
#include <aws/guardduty/model/KubernetesDataSourceFreeTrial.h>
#include <aws/guardduty/model/MalwareProtectionDataSourceFreeTrial.h>
#include <utility>

namespace Aws
{
namespace Utils
{
namespace Json
{
  class JsonValue;
  class JsonView;
} // namespace Json
} // namespace Utils
namespace GuardDuty
{
namespace Model
{

  /**
   *
Contains information about which data sources are enabled for the GuardDuty
   * member account.

See Also:
   AWS
   * API Reference

   */
  class AWS_GUARDDUTY_API DataSourcesFreeTrial
  {
  public:
    DataSourcesFreeTrial();
    DataSourcesFreeTrial(Aws::Utils::Json::JsonView jsonValue);
    DataSourcesFreeTrial& operator=(Aws::Utils::Json::JsonView jsonValue);
    Aws::Utils::Json::JsonValue Jsonize() const;

    /**
     *
Describes whether any Amazon Web Services CloudTrail management event logs
     * are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline const DataSourceFreeTrial& GetCloudTrail() const{ return m_cloudTrail; }

    /**
     *
Describes whether any Amazon Web Services CloudTrail management event logs
     * are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline bool CloudTrailHasBeenSet() const { return m_cloudTrailHasBeenSet; }

    /**
     *
Describes whether any Amazon Web Services CloudTrail management event logs
     * are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline void SetCloudTrail(const DataSourceFreeTrial& value) { m_cloudTrailHasBeenSet = true; m_cloudTrail = value; }

    /**
     *
Describes whether any Amazon Web Services CloudTrail management event logs
     * are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline void SetCloudTrail(DataSourceFreeTrial&& value) { m_cloudTrailHasBeenSet = true; m_cloudTrail = std::move(value); }

    /**
     *
Describes whether any Amazon Web Services CloudTrail management event logs
     * are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline DataSourcesFreeTrial& WithCloudTrail(const DataSourceFreeTrial& value) { SetCloudTrail(value); return *this;}

    /**
     *
Describes whether any Amazon Web Services CloudTrail management event logs
     * are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline DataSourcesFreeTrial& WithCloudTrail(DataSourceFreeTrial&& value) { SetCloudTrail(std::move(value)); return *this;}

    /**
     *
Describes whether any DNS logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline const DataSourceFreeTrial& GetDnsLogs() const{ return m_dnsLogs; }

    /**
     *
Describes whether any DNS logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline bool DnsLogsHasBeenSet() const { return m_dnsLogsHasBeenSet; }

    /**
     *
Describes whether any DNS logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline void SetDnsLogs(const DataSourceFreeTrial& value) { m_dnsLogsHasBeenSet = true; m_dnsLogs = value; }

    /**
     *
Describes whether any DNS logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline void SetDnsLogs(DataSourceFreeTrial&& value) { m_dnsLogsHasBeenSet = true; m_dnsLogs = std::move(value); }

    /**
     *
Describes whether any DNS logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline DataSourcesFreeTrial& WithDnsLogs(const DataSourceFreeTrial& value) { SetDnsLogs(value); return *this;}

    /**
     *
Describes whether any DNS logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline DataSourcesFreeTrial& WithDnsLogs(DataSourceFreeTrial&& value) { SetDnsLogs(std::move(value)); return *this;}

    /**
     *
Describes whether any VPC Flow logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline const DataSourceFreeTrial& GetFlowLogs() const{ return m_flowLogs; }

    /**
     *
Describes whether any VPC Flow logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline bool FlowLogsHasBeenSet() const { return m_flowLogsHasBeenSet; }

    /**
     *
Describes whether any VPC Flow logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline void SetFlowLogs(const DataSourceFreeTrial& value) { m_flowLogsHasBeenSet = true; m_flowLogs = value; }

    /**
     *
Describes whether any VPC Flow logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline void SetFlowLogs(DataSourceFreeTrial&& value) { m_flowLogsHasBeenSet = true; m_flowLogs = std::move(value); }

    /**
     *
Describes whether any VPC Flow logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline DataSourcesFreeTrial& WithFlowLogs(const DataSourceFreeTrial& value) { SetFlowLogs(value); return *this;}

    /**
     *
Describes whether any VPC Flow logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline DataSourcesFreeTrial& WithFlowLogs(DataSourceFreeTrial&& value) { SetFlowLogs(std::move(value)); return *this;}

    /**
     *
Describes whether any S3 data event logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline const DataSourceFreeTrial& GetS3Logs() const{ return m_s3Logs; }

    /**
     *
Describes whether any S3 data event logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline bool S3LogsHasBeenSet() const { return m_s3LogsHasBeenSet; }

    /**
     *
Describes whether any S3 data event logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline void SetS3Logs(const DataSourceFreeTrial& value) { m_s3LogsHasBeenSet = true; m_s3Logs = value; }

    /**
     *
Describes whether any S3 data event logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline void SetS3Logs(DataSourceFreeTrial&& value) { m_s3LogsHasBeenSet = true; m_s3Logs = std::move(value); }

    /**
     *
Describes whether any S3 data event logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline DataSourcesFreeTrial& WithS3Logs(const DataSourceFreeTrial& value) { SetS3Logs(value); return *this;}

    /**
     *
Describes whether any S3 data event logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline DataSourcesFreeTrial& WithS3Logs(DataSourceFreeTrial&& value) { SetS3Logs(std::move(value)); return *this;}

    /**
     *
Describes whether any Kubernetes logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline const KubernetesDataSourceFreeTrial& GetKubernetes() const{ return m_kubernetes; }

    /**
     *
Describes whether any Kubernetes logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline bool KubernetesHasBeenSet() const { return m_kubernetesHasBeenSet; }

    /**
     *
Describes whether any Kubernetes logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline void SetKubernetes(const KubernetesDataSourceFreeTrial& value) { m_kubernetesHasBeenSet = true; m_kubernetes = value; }

    /**
     *
Describes whether any Kubernetes logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline void SetKubernetes(KubernetesDataSourceFreeTrial&& value) { m_kubernetesHasBeenSet = true; m_kubernetes = std::move(value); }

    /**
     *
Describes whether any Kubernetes logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline DataSourcesFreeTrial& WithKubernetes(const KubernetesDataSourceFreeTrial& value) { SetKubernetes(value); return *this;}

    /**
     *
Describes whether any Kubernetes logs are enabled as data sources.

     */
    inline DataSourcesFreeTrial& WithKubernetes(KubernetesDataSourceFreeTrial&& value) { SetKubernetes(std::move(value)); return *this;}

    /**
     *
Describes whether Malware Protection is enabled as a data source.

     */
    inline const MalwareProtectionDataSourceFreeTrial& GetMalwareProtection() const{ return m_malwareProtection; }

    /**
     *
Describes whether Malware Protection is enabled as a data source.

     */
    inline bool MalwareProtectionHasBeenSet() const { return m_malwareProtectionHasBeenSet; }

    /**
     *
Describes whether Malware Protection is enabled as a data source.

     */
    inline void SetMalwareProtection(const MalwareProtectionDataSourceFreeTrial& value) { m_malwareProtectionHasBeenSet = true; m_malwareProtection = value; }

    /**
     *
Describes whether Malware Protection is enabled as a data source.

     */
    inline void SetMalwareProtection(MalwareProtectionDataSourceFreeTrial&& value) { m_malwareProtectionHasBeenSet = true; m_malwareProtection = std::move(value); }

    /**
     *
Describes whether Malware Protection is enabled as a data source.

     */
    inline DataSourcesFreeTrial& WithMalwareProtection(const MalwareProtectionDataSourceFreeTrial& value) { SetMalwareProtection(value); return *this;}

    /**
     *
Describes whether Malware Protection is enabled as a data source.

     */
    inline DataSourcesFreeTrial& WithMalwareProtection(MalwareProtectionDataSourceFreeTrial&& value) { SetMalwareProtection(std::move(value)); return *this;}

  private:

    DataSourceFreeTrial m_cloudTrail;
    bool m_cloudTrailHasBeenSet = false;

    DataSourceFreeTrial m_dnsLogs;
    bool m_dnsLogsHasBeenSet = false;

    DataSourceFreeTrial m_flowLogs;
    bool m_flowLogsHasBeenSet = false;

    DataSourceFreeTrial m_s3Logs;
    bool m_s3LogsHasBeenSet = false;

    KubernetesDataSourceFreeTrial m_kubernetes;
    bool m_kubernetesHasBeenSet = false;

    MalwareProtectionDataSourceFreeTrial m_malwareProtection;
    bool m_malwareProtectionHasBeenSet = false;
  };

} // namespace Model
} // namespace GuardDuty
} // namespace Aws

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


As part of Kickstarter's Zine Quest, we're proud to announce Hexagram! Thank you to the Kickstarter team for the event and for inviting us to participate.
Last edited by philreed; 03-10-2019 at 06:40 AM.
This was one of the most requested things I saw on the forums and in the comments in the original Kickstarter! Awesome! I hope that it does extremely well and we can have something like the old Autoduel Quarterly for TFT!
Of note, Phil Read also has a fantasy 'zine up on Kickstarter (https://www.kickstarter.com/projects...-gamemaster-1/) which looks like it will have a lot of good ideas for Fantasy roleplaying in it too. It's not TFT-specific, but it does seem to be system neutral, and that means it doesn't use a lot of space for system stats and things.
And that's two stretch goals crushed!
We're now at four unlocked stretch goals. Thank you!
Come on TFT-ers! Only about 500 folks have backed this so far -- we had something like 3400 backers for The Fantasy Trip kickstarter back last summer. This thing is very low expense, and promises a LOT of cool stuff in content. Furthermore, if this thing takes off, we might even get an actual 'zine out of it instead of just a one-shot! That's potentially tons of extra content for a $6 cost (for PRINT -- the PDF is only $3) per copy!
I can't imagine not popping for this, especially given how many folks were asking for something like this (like a cross between the old Interplay from Metagaming, and a version of The Spacegamer back in the day) last summer. Heck, I'm chronically short of money at this time of the year (the first half of California's property taxes are due shortly), and even though I'm backing the Pocket Box kickstarter (great deal on that too -- check it out), I've managed to scrape up enough for this and Phil's Delayed Blast Gamemaster 'zine!
Last edited by JLV; 02-04-2019 at 11:36 AM.
I've posted over at RPGGeek. I think it's just a matter of getting the message out.
Link? I'd love to thumbs up your post!
Does the "Zine + Adventures" pledge include all the stretch goals that game with the "Adventures" Kickstarter $30 pledge? Or only the hard bound copy & PDF?


text:
Iolu Johnson Abil (Launeai, Tanna, 17 de febrero de 1942) es un político vanuatense que ocupó el cargo de Presidente de Vanuatu desde el 2 de septiembre de 2009 hasta el mismo día de 2014.

Antes trabajó en el sector privado, siendo presidente de Air Vanuatu, además de ser defensor del pueblo y ministro en el primer gobierno tras la independencia.

Elección presidencial
Abil fue elegido Presidente de Vanuatu el 2 de septiembre de 2009 por un colegio electoral formado por 58 miembros: los 52 parlamentarios y los seis gobernadores provinciales. Fue elegido en la tercera votación en dos días ya que ningún candidato logró los dos tercios requeridos en las anteriores rondas.

Numerosos miembros del parlamento, incluidos en el gobierno de coalición del Primer Ministro Edward Natapei, apoyaron al anterior Presidente Kalkot Mataskelekele en las primeras dos rondas de la elección. La presidencia de Mataskelekele había concluido el 16 de agosto de 2009 y aspiraba a un segundo mandato. Sin embargo, finalmente todos los miembros de la coalición de Natapei acordaron apoyar a Abil en la tercera ronda. Con el apoyo de Natapei logró 41 votos por los 16 de Mataskelekele, asegurándose su elección.

En septiembre de 2014 abandonó el cargo. Lo sustituyó Philip Boedoro de forma interina hasta la toma de posesión el 22 de septiembre del nuevo presidente, Baldwin Lonsdale.

Referencias

Políticos de Vanuatu
Defensores del pueblo


text:
Law and OrderWorld
Afghan Journalist Trends #BanTaliban, #FreeAfghanistan on Twitter
Several other posts bearing the same hashtags have been shared globally
By Shalini Majumdar
Photo Credit: Twitter/HabibKhanT
OnePlus 11R Sneak Peek Before February 7 Launch
Unleash Your Gaming Potential with These High-performance Graphic Cards
Celebrities Gather at Saudi Arabia's 2023 Joy Awards in Riyadh
Shalini Majumdar
AFGHANISTAN: A prominent Afghan journalist under Wall Street Journal named Habib Khan has started to garner popularity and social media attention for his human rights advocacy in Taliban-ruled Afghanistan.
I spoke to @SBSNews about #BanTaliban campaign. pic.twitter.com/ttjKrOXyl0
— Habib Khan (@HabibKhanT) October 20, 2022
He continues to trend popular Twitter hashtags like #BanTaliban and #FreeAfghanistan to bring to light the heinous atrocities of a dictatorial regime as brutal as the Taliban, which has imposed a strict crackdown on women's rights and social independence since the militant group re-assumed authority on 15 August 2021.
Khan's Twitter bio indicates he is the founder of a liberal, anti-Taliban news network organization named Afghan Peace Watch (APW), which enlightens the world on Afghanistan "through research, reporting, and advocacy."
Khan's recent tweet on the Taliban indicates that the most effective way to stop the dictatorial regime is to dismantle its social media status and propagandist network. "Banning the Taliban from Twitter means paralyzing their propaganda machine," Khan wrote.
On October 19, he posted two tweets, signifying the importance of trending the anti-Taliban hashtags in order to weaken their power. "More than a 1,000 Taliban accounts have been suspended by @Twitter so far. #BanTaliban."
Khan's agenda to crush the Taliban's social media presence on Twitter was primarily fuelled by fears that the extremist regime would use Twitter to "promote suicide bombings", which is, ironically, a Twitter violation.
Khan's Twitter handle is also used as a medium through which several other posts bearing the same hashtags are shared globally so that more Twitter users step up and advance the campaign.
The news network navigates the nitty-gritty elements of unrest, violence, and abuse on a routine basis in modern-day Afghanistan, which has perhaps been pushed back nearly five decades in terms of modernization, ever since the Taliban tightened the noose around the country in 2021.
The official page of the APW suggests that it is a non-profit organisation focused on "credible information and research on security, political violence, civic activism, human rights violations, humanitarian efforts and strategic developments in Afghanistan."
The main objective of Khan's established media network is to reinforce peace-building efforts in Afghanistan through credible and legitimate news reporting.
The organisation was established by a group of Afghans in 2020, officially registered with the Ministry of Economy under the former Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, and has been documenting violence in the country since February 2020.
Despite the Taliban takeover on August 15th, 2021, which heavily compromised the liberality of free news reporting and imposed a diabolical crackdown on the news with censorship and surveillance, APW has been dedicated to providing unfiltered truth through a unique methodology.
The organisation collects data from a network of reporters nationwide, and is connected with 238 sources in all 34 provinces of the country.
Also Read: U.N. Slams Taliban Exclusion of Afghan Girls from High School
MP Police Arrests Vaishali Takkar's Ex-boyfriend Rahul Navlani
Apple Unveils Apple TV in India at an Affordable Price

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
The Advisory Council is a high-level, statutory body within Interpeace whose mandate is to provide the organization with strategic advice and guidance on peacebuilding policy and practice. It is composed of selected governmental and intergovernmental representatives, nominated because of the unique role these individuals are able to play in connecting peace and security policy and practice.
The Council embodies Interpeace's longstanding engagement with member states and other key intergovernmental partners which dates back to its inception within the United Nations in 1994 and its recognition as an independent international organization by the Swiss Government in 2018.
In recent years, the Advisory Council has played a crucial role in helping Interpeace strengthen its positioning on key international policy agendas as well as our transformative work of assisting humanitarian and development agencies to become more conflict sensitive and peace responsive. It also provides advice as to the future direction of the organization in the context of the next five-year strategy (2021-2025).
Ambassador Nasir Ahmad Andisha
Ambassador Leslie E. Norton
Ambassador Kirsti Kauppi
Ambassador Michael Gaffey
Ambassador Socorro Flores Liera
Ambassador Nathalie Olijslager
Ambassador Umej Bhatia
Ambassador Anna Jardfelt


text:
Regeln » blue-line and sent his teammates in on a two-on-one
Brickfilmproductions » Wichtig » Regeln » blue-line and sent his teammates in on a two-on-one
#1 | blue-line and sent his teammates in on a two-on-one 11.11.2019 02:51
Indianapolis, IN (SportsNetwork.com) - Houston Texans quarterback Ryan Fitzpatrick exited Sundays game against the Indianapolis Colts in the second quarter with an apparent left leg injury. On a 2nd-down scramble, Fitzpatrick ran left and picked up two yards before being hit by Jonathan Newsome and Arthur Jones. He remained on the ground and after being examined by team personnel, was carted off the field with an air cast on his leg. The Texans quickly announced he was out for the remainder of the game. Fitzpatrick was replaced by rookie Tom Savage, a fourth-round pick from Pittsburgh who previously had not taken an NFL regular-season snap. Although he led Houston with 2,453 passing yards and 17 touchdown throws prior to the game, Fitzpatrick was benched for Ryan Mallett earlier in the season. He returned to a starting role after Mallett went down with a season-ending pectoral injury against Cincinnati on Nov. 23. Fake Yeezy Boost 350 Womens . Kerber will next play Estonias Kaia Kanepi, who beat American qualifier Victoria Duval 6-1, 6-3. In other first-round matches, Lucie Safarova beat 2010 French Open champion Francesca Schiavone 6-4, 6-4 and American Bethanie Mattek-Sands had a 6-4, 6-3 win over Canadas Eugenie Bouchard. Wholesale Yeezy 350 V2 . Argentina, who have yet to beat New Zealand in 17 meetings, rocked the All Blacks with an early converted try to backrower Juan Manuel Leguizamon and led 7-0 after five minutes. But Smiths double in the 23rd and 26th minutes - when Argentina was reduced to 14 men by the sin-binning of hooker Eusebio Guinazu - turned the tide of the match and set up New Zealands third straight Championship win. http://www.yeezys350cheap.com/fake-yeezy...-wholesale.html. - Their offence is underperforming. Yeezy 350 v2 Zebra Online . The 17-time Grand Slam champion, who lose three straight finals in Monte Carlo to Rafael Nadal from 2006-08, has not played in the tournament since 2011, when he lost to Jurgen Melzer in the quarterfinals. Wholesale Yeezy 350 v2 Static . Matt Carkner got back into the Ottawa lineup, and made his presence felt right away by settling his clubs score in a one-sided fight with Rangers forward Brian Boyle.HAMILTON, Ont. - Nick Tarnasky scored twice as the Hamilton Bulldogs defeated the Texas Stars 5-1 in American Hockey League play Tuesday. Steve Quailer and Stephen MacAulay each had a goal and an assist and Erik Nystrom also scored for the Bulldogs (7-7-3). Dustin Tokarski made 30 saves for the win. Colton Sceviour was the lone scorer for Texas (9-6-3). Allen York made seven saves on eight shots in relief of starter Cristopher Nilstorp. Nilstorp stopped 21 of 25 in 31:56 of work. Hamilton pieced together the games first scoriing chance seven minutes into the opening period, when Justin Courtnall snuffed out a Texas breakout at the blue-line and sent his teammates in on a two-on-one break.dddddddddddd Gabriel Dumont threaded a centring pass to Mike Blunden, but Nilstorp slid to deny the wingers close-range effort at his far post. Having narrowly missed out on their first opportunity in front of goal, the Bulldogs were sent to the power play mere seconds later, as William Wrenn was whistled for tripping at 7:19 of the first period. ' ' '
second end and scored two in the fourth » « relievers with at least 50.0 innings pitched


It's that time of year again — time to write down a list of New Year's resolutions. Most years, I've forgotten my resolutions before the first bass are spawning in the shallows. But 2015 will be different. You see, I have discovered the key to success in the resolution department: Lowered Expectations.
I know now that in years past, I've always given up because I set my sights too high. Therefore, this year, I will aspire to lesser heights. I have picked goals I can more reasonably expect to attain, as you will see in the list that follows.
1. I resolve not to prepare Catfish Sutton's Super Secret Stinkbait using my wife's kitchen blender. Or her new Tupperware.
2. And while we're talking about bait, I also resolve not to use the toilet in the guest room as a live bait tank.
3. I resolve to improve my fishing skills by using only the best equipment available to outdoorsmen, sparing no expense.
4. Because I never have enough money to buy the fishing equipment mentioned in Resolution #3, I resolve to get free "evaluation models" from the manufacturers by shamelessly selling out my journalistic integrity via this column.
5. I will not sleep while waiting for fish to bite … not every day.
6. Attention Ranger Boats. Would you guys like a nice, impartial review of your new 2080VS Angler? How 'bout the 1680 Deep V? I mean, otherwise I'll have to get in touch with the folks over at Skeeter or Tracker.
7. I resolve that when my fishing companions drag me out for an evening at a strip bar, I'll stop pretending to be Bill Dance so I can get free lap dances.
8. At camp, no more cabbage or Beanie Weenies before bedtime.
9. I won't store night crawlers, mealworms or leeches in the fridge at home unless the container is properly marked and hermetically sealed. And if I happen to forget that I left a cage full of crickets in the back seat of my wife's car, and I also forgot to pull the little string handle up so the crickets wouldn't crawl up it and escape, I will not tell my wife that crickets singing from under the car seats sound a darn sight better than that Alan Jackson crap she listens to on the radio. Because she might hurt me. Again.
10. I resolve not to throw rocks or cast Jitterbugs at those teeny boppers roaring past my fishing hole on their PERSONAL WATER CRAFT, even though they've nearly capsized my johnboat 23 times in the past 45 minutes. Not that I'm counting or anything.
11. How 'bout you guys over at Abu Garcia? I'm sure I could give a good review of your Morrum ZX baitcasting reel as long as I have a chance to give it a thorough, on-the-water evaluation.
12. I resolve to inform my friends before they eat if gar fillets have been substituted for trout when I cook a shore lunch. And I won't use grinnel, carp or mudcats in the chowder ever again. Hardly ever.
15. I WILL NOT pack Junnie's Wicked Sticky Catfish Sewer Bait in my carry-on luggage.
16. I resolve not to hide the Victoria's Secret catalog in my tackle box, even though the one and only reason me and my buddies even look at the Victoria's Secret catalog is to discuss the pros and cons of this year's intimate fashion trends.
Happy New Year, friends. May all your troubles last as long as your New Year's resolutions.


Do you agree that the 2020 Democratic nominee is likely to be one of these 3 clowns?
Not necessarily but they aren't the clowns.
The only clown is trumpee.
Democrats don't nominate clowns. JT should be charged with slander.
How do you not see that AIDS is the judegement of God?
Is Trump counting on Russian interference to keep him in the White House, by doing nothing to stop the Russians from interfering in 2020?
Is Joe Biden too: A. Old. B. Stupid. C. Racist D.All of the above. to run for President?
The political beliefs and thoughts you all have are totally insane!?


This course was designed to meet the needs of the retail industry directly and was developed with extensive input from the fashion and retail sectors. It continues to meet the needs of this fast-moving industry, and our graduates are much sought after throughout their careers, with current graduates working at Arcadia, ASOS, Aurora, John Lewis, Michael Kors, Reiss, River Island, Selfridges and Thomas Pink.
Companies support the course through guest lectures and student placements, as well as working with the students on industry-related projects. We run an annual networking event where students can talk to representatives from a cross-section of retailers, and our lecturers have all had successful careers in retailing and understand the importance of the role of merchandisers within the industry fully.
Our aim is to develop graduates with strong commercial skills, an excellent understanding of the sector, outstanding communication skills and who are real team players. While being numerate is an essential skill, the focus is much more on analytical ability, and merchandising is a great career choice for commercially minded students with a desire for fashion. You will also gain the transferable and cognitive skills necessary for lifelong personal and professional development.
The study abroad option enables you to develop a global perspective on the retail industry, and modules are taken during this period develop your knowledge of fashion.
The course fosters new thinking, new ideas and new possibilities. The teaching is delivered by a team of core staff, all with substantial industry experience, along with additional expertise from practitioners in specific fields. We have an extensive network of industry professionals who support relevant modules throughout the four years of the course.
Based at the recently refurbished Harrow Campus – home to the Westminster School of Media, Arts and Design – you will work alongside students from film, photography, music, fashion and journalism, in a unique hothouse of creative opportunity.
Teaching takes place in lectures, seminars, tutorials, work placements, off-site visits and via the online learning system Blackboard. Assessment methods include group reports and presentations, industry projects, portfolio development, and extended essays and exams.
The business placement year is an integral part of the course which will greatly increase your knowledge and understanding of the business environment and is a critical factor in enhancing subsequent graduate career progression.
You will develop a good understanding of the retail industry and where the merchandising function sits in relation to other roles, along with gaining insight into the responsibilities that lie with the merchandiser. You will also be supported in the transition to university-level study; the ability to research, analyse, evaluate and present information will all be taught.
In preparation for the one-year business internship, you will take modules that will enable you to make the most of this valuable opportunity and to add value to the company which employs you.
During the year out you will be assigned a tutor, and presentations and a business report will be assessed in the Business Experience module. You will be given significant and ongoing support to secure a placement; ultimately you are responsible for securing employment for the year. The placement year is subject to an annual University administration fee.
Eligible students can apply to one of our exchange partners for a semester abroad in America (New York or Virginia), Canada, Hong Kong or Australia, where complementary modules will be studied. New York options often include internship modules which always prove to be very popular.
You will have the opportunity to take modules that both build on your placement experience and allow you a degree of specialism appropriate to your chosen career path.
Kate worked for more than twenty years in the retail industry holding senior positions in a number of well respected department store businesses. Kate began teaching in 2005 both in the further and higher education sectors before taking up a full-time post at Westminster in 2008. Kate has a particular interest in the development of the individual for the workplace and lectures on Commercial Skills, Entrepreneurship, Learning Skills, Preparation for the Workplace and recent Fashion and social history. Fashion Merchandise Management is a distinct and unique course developed and delivered in close co-operation with the industry.
This is not a visual merchandising course, this course is about managing the business of Fashion!
Access to HE Diploma - Pass with 45 credits at Level 3 with a minimum of 33 Level 3 credits at Merit or Distinction. GCSE minimum grade 4 (grade C in grading system prior to 2017) in Maths and English.
If English is not your first language, you must have an IELTS of 6.5 overall with at least 6.0 in each element. Suitably qualified applicants will be invited to an interview.
Graduates from the course work as merchandisers and senior merchandisers with major High Street brands. They work within the sourcing and supply chain functions and are building careers with major suppliers.
Some have set up their own businesses and are enjoying developing their own businesses in the sector. They may be working ensuring social compliance and maintaining and improving the ethical standards of the industry.
Some of our former students work in PR and Marketing. We have alumni in retail companies including Harrods, Fenwick, Selfridges, Arcadia, Next, River Island, ASOS, Jack Wills and many, many more.
Our graduates are employed in one of the biggest employment sectors in the UK and building the experience and networks that they need for success.
The course includes a placement year working in the industry and every year employers return to offer opportunities to our students to spend a year in the industry. We currently have students working with Boden, Debenhams, Alshaya, Selfridges, Next, River Island, House of Fraser, Charles Tyrwhitt, ASOS, Tommy Hilfiger, Anthropologie, Ralph Lauren & Michael Kors amongst many others. Our graduates are highly sought after and companies maintain their connections with us and are eager to recruit from our graduates knowing their value, knowledge and experience.
Find out about our Fashion Merchandise Management course.


text:
86-92 Herbert Street, Ingham QLD 4850
Your Electorate
First Australians
Rural & Regional
State's reputation in shambles over Spanish Mackerel stocks
Nick Dametto MP and Robbie Katter MP.
The credibility of Queensland Fisheries is in shambles as consumers stare down the barrel of losing access to one of their most-loved species of fish, Katter's Australian Party (KAP) Deputy Leader and Hinchinbrook MP Nick Dametto has said.
Mr Dametto said Queenslander's commercial fishing sector had been warned that their commercial take quotas could be cut by up to 90 per cent, effectively closing the fishery, following a peer review that reinforced a previous stock assessment placing the unfished spawning biomass at 17 per cent.
This is far below the optimal sustainability level of 70 per cent, and significantly less than governmental modelling completed as recently as last year that placed the biomass rate between 30-40 per cent.[1]
Below 20 per cent of unfished biomass is the point below which a fishery is recommended to be closed under the Sustainable Fisheries Strategy and under National Guidelines.
Mr Dametto said the situation indicated that the Spanish Mackerel fisheries was best described as mismanaged.
"At worst, this suggests the fishery has been grossly mismanaged by the Government for the last 20 years," he said.
"The commercial sector has been subject to a total allowable catch limit of less than 619-tonnes of Spanish Mackerel per year, and they have never exceeded this or even come close to doing so.
"On top of that additional protections have been applied, limiting catches to only 230 licenses along with other input controls such as allowable numbers of lines and vessels that can be used.
"They have played by the rules, and now we have arrived at this mess – something's not right here."
Mr Dametto said he understood the industry had been warned quotas would be reduced to between 30 – 90 per cent of current commercial take, which would be damaging to commercial fishers and the retail and hospitality industries they supply.
"Particularly in North Queensland, Spanish Mackerel is the fish of choice in a lot of places – it's either that or barra," he said.
"So ultimately we are going to see our commercial sector, our retail and hospitality sector and our consumers hurt by this.
"It is also very likely to open the floodgates to a higher levels of foreign fish imports, which will be detrimental to our local industries."
Mr Dametto said Fisheries Queensland still had a lot of explaining to do, and said he backed calls by the Queensland Seafood Industry Association of Queensland for a further review of the stock assessment modelling.
"It has been alleged that the information Queensland Fisheries is relying on is affected by data poverty, and that many of its conclusions are based on assumptions – this isn't good enough," he said.
"If, and only if, this new modelling suggesting stocks are at 17 per cent is correct, we need to ask a fundamental question – where has the stock gone?
"Have we looked at shark predation? Have we considered the impact of illegal fishing vessels, dozens of which has been in our Aussie waters in the last 12 months?
"What impact is the rec sector having on stocks given they are subject to an entirely different quota system to the commercial sector?"
The Hinchinbrook MP said the KAP would seek an urgent briefing with Minister for Fisheries Mark Furner on the future of the fishery in the New Year.
[1] https://era.daf.qld.gov.au/id/eprint/7487/1/Spanish%20mackerel%20GOC%20stock%20assessment%20 report%202019.pdf
HELP NICK HELP YOU WITH A CAMPAIGN DONATION.
EVERY BIT ENSURES HE CAN CONTINUE TO BE YOUR VOICE IN BRISBANE.
PO Box 399, Ingham QLD 4850
hinchinbrook@parliament.qld.gov.au
Nick Dametto MP


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text:
Origins of Martin Lunn Book Da Vinci Code Decoded
Tracy Twyman's Da Vinci Code Decoded
DVCD Chapters
Disinfo Video: "Da Vinci Code Decoded"
Disinfo Video: Rennes Le Chateau
Disinfo Video: Origins of The Da Vinci Code
History of Dagobert's Revenge Magazine
The Vessel of God, an Excerpt
The Luciferian Legacy
Richard Metzger DisInfo Book of Lies
Martin Lunn: About The Author of 'Da vinci code decoded'
DisInfo CEO Gary Baddeley
Disinfo Book of Lies
Books by "Martin Lunn"
Books by Tracy R Twyman
Twyman-Lunn "Disinformation Company" Emails
Tracy Twyman to Boyd Rice
"You, Boyd Rice, are an Ass"
Boyd Rice is Not an Intellectual
Daimonosophy #62 A Conversation with Boyd Rice
Dagobert's Revenge Magazine
Dagobert's Revenge Site
Dagobert's Revenge Vol 1 #2
Articles by Tracy R. Twyman
A History of The Knights Templar
Alchemical Dollar
Blood Victory
The Real Tomb of God
King Dagobert II
The Great Old Ones
The Divine Right Rule
Le Serpent Rouge Interpreted
Ordo Lapsit Exillis
Da Vinci Code Decoded Links of Interest
Peter Levenda / Simon Papal Magic
by Tracy R. Twyman
from ImplosionGroup Website
also from Dagobert's Revenge Magazine
October 28th, 1998, a number of newspapers across the country ran an Associated Press article entitled "Presidential Hopefuls Share Blue Blood Lines."
The article, based on information put forth by Burke's Peerage, claims that every single President of the United States has had a notable amount of royal European ancestry, and in each Presidential race, the one with the most royal genes is the one who wins – every single time. This tendency has been noted in supposedly Democratic European politics as well, prompting some to charge that a global conspiracy exists to keep power within the hands of a specific gene pool.
This charge is not entirely baseless, and many books have been written tracing the modern aristocratic bloodlines back to the royal houses of Israel, Egypt, Sumer, and beyond. The charge is further supported by the fact that many of the supposed conspirators proudly boast about the ancient origins of their ancestry. The traditional explanation for why power is passed down through the ages by blood has been the mystical Divine Right of Kings.
This dates back to the 17th century and states that a king is created by God, and kingly authority resides in the blood irrespective of anything else. Many have claimed that there is a genetic characteristic carried in the blood itself which makes this so, but what would it be?
Is there a legitimate physiological reason behind the Divine Right of Kings?
The all-important element of the Divine Right is that it comes from God, or "the gods," alternately.
And who were these gods? Authors such as Zecharia Sitchin, Sir Laurence Gardner and Nicolas de Vere are authoritatively convinced that kingship was created by an advanced race of beings called the Anunnaki, also called the Nephilim in the Old Testament.
These were the ones who created the human race and interbred with a portion of it to create the kingly caste which until this day has still maintained control over the Earth.
These celestial creatures have been variously identified with:
and just about every mythical being you can imagine
Some, like Gardner and Sitchin, claim that they come from another planet. Others, like de Vere, say that they're multi-dimensional, or that they're from the Hollow Earth.
Some, like David Icke, say that they are humans inhabited by the spirits of multidimensional reptiles, capable of shapeshifting into reptile form at any time. Still others claim that they were humanoid, but more than human, with pale white skin. The human hybrid offspring that they created as the Royal/Priestly caste was, according to most, the Aryans, who usually had red hair with green eyes – in stark contrast to the traditional Hitlerian vision.
Nicolas de Vere, the leader of an organization called The Dragon Court which claims to represent this royal Aryan caste, writes,
"the depiction of the Aryan (Scythian) as a tall, ruddy-complexioned blonde moist ' yeoman-farmer-warrior-god has no basis in truth."
He further suggests that the "yeoman-farmer" Celtic, Gaulish and Pictish tribes which we now think of as Aryan were actually of a different race, but had hired the extra-human Aryans to be their leaders.
These Aryans were also the masterminds behind the Indian, Hittite, Greek, Egyptian, Hebrew, Sumerian and Pre-Sumerian Ubaid civilizations. Many believe that their descendants can be found amongst the segment of the population with the RH Negative blood type, roughly 5% of the Earth's population, most of them Europeans.
These people are often born with:
an extra vertebra
have a lower than normal body temperature
can rarely mate with one another successfully, which suggests that they may indeed be a hybrid species
Conspiracy enthusiast Arizona Wilder takes it a step further by stating:
"The Aryan bloodline is alien to this planet… There are 13 bloodlines from this kind of stock (the Merovingians being one), and all of them have to a greater or lesser degree the capacity to play host to the Shape Changer reptiles."
The other 12 families have been identified as Astor, Bundy, Collins, Dupont, Freeman, Kennedy, Li, Onassis, Reynolds, Rockefeller, Rothschild, Russell, and Van Duyn, with the rest of the European Royal Families being categorized as Merovingian.
These are the people referred to by the fanatical group, the Sons of Jared, when they,
"pledge an implacable war against the descendants of the Watchers, who as notorious pharaohs, kings and dictators, have throughout history dominated mankind.. like super-gangsters, a celestial Mafia ruling the world."
The Book of Enoch says that the sons of the Nephilim, are destined to,
"afflict, oppress, destroy, attack, do battle and work destruction on the earth."
Nicolas de Vere, himself a Prince of the Dragon Blood, sees it quite differently. He sees them as the rightful shepherds of the human flock. He states:
The fairies were tuned to a higher frequency of perception and activity generally. In the past, therefore, because the Fairies were, for millennia, physiologically bred and exhaustively trained to operate at a higher level than men, humans often invited them to become social navigators… A dragon was one who saw clearly, and the clarity of vision engendered was always classically associated with wisdom, which itself produces power….
The Anunnaki and their quasi-human offspring are attributed with remarkable traits. They lived for thousands of years, were capable of levitation, dimension-hopping, clairvoyance, and other magical powers, all a product of applied eugenics.
De Vere explains:
"Selective unions gave the race the opportunity to breed outstanding magicians whose gift of natural perception and understanding and whose ability to access the 'Otherworld' helped to produce and guide brilliant kings who ruled with elegant aplomb.
The ability to perform magic was carried in the blood and of that blood," and "the Elves were relied upon by their client races to be able to see things and perform feats that these client races couldn't."
Laurence Gardner, himself a former member of the Dragon Court, concurs:
"hi short, these people were bred to be leaders of mankind, and they were both mentally and physically maintained in the highward state."
But what property did they inherit in the blood which makes this possible?
The experts are nearly unanimous about the fact that the answer is endocrinology. Says de Vere:
"hormonal levels [are] influenced by genetic inheritance and that hormones [affect] the individual's perceptions, psychological unicameralism and the subsequent ability to transcend and perceive the intricacies of the cosmos. Elven blood [is) rich in these substances."
Starfire bloodfests
"The best blood is of the moon, monthly…"
The Book of the Law
The beneficial effects of the hormone melatonin have been part of the health supplement scene for some time, for high melatonin production is known to be synonymous with a high immune system, a low cancer risk, long life, energy, stamina, and according to many, enhanced spiritual awareness.
Perhaps it is fitting then that this hormone is secreted by the pineal gland, a mysterious little item long believed by mystics to be the "Seat of the Soul," "Me Third Eye," and the organ through which psychic powers are exercised. In fact, it actually functions as an organ of sight in some reptiles, and it still seems to possess some sensitivity to light in higher mammals, since melatonin production increases when the person is exposed to darkness (thus melatonin means "night worker!")
Writes Laurence Gardner:
High melatonin production thereby increases the facility for receiving and transmitting high-frequency cosmic and local broadcasts, and leads to a greater state of cosmic awareness – a state simply of 'knowing.'
In this regard, it is interesting to note that the Pineal Third Eye has been found to contain very fine granular particles, rather like the crystals in a wireless receiving set.
Many magical rites and meditation techniques are aimed at gaining control of this organ and the fluid it produces: the live melatonin.
Rumor has it that the members of the supersecret society Skull & Bones, to which both George Bush and his son belong, engage in a ceremony called "The Obscene Rite," which involves the consumption of the live pineal gland of a human or animal sacrifice in order to get the fresh secretions.
Supplements bought over the counter are ineffective because, as Gardner explains,
"their inherent secretions are obtained from the desiccated glands of dead animals and they lack the truly important elements which only exist in live human glandular manufacture."
Aryan bloodline is alien to this planet… There are 13 bloodlines from this kind of stock all of them have a greater or lesser degree the capacity to play host to the shape changer reptiles.
But the Aryan overlords who ruled over mankind in ancient days had a simpler way of acquiring this fluid. Their ancestor-gods, the Anunnaki, had endocrine systems that produced large amounts of this and other beneficial substances, so they drank it straight from the source: the menstrual blood and vaginal fluids of the goddesses themselves.
This they referred to lovingly as "Starfire" and drank in a ritual ceremony called the Black Mass, after which the Catholic Mass is said to have been modeled. Later, as direct contact with the Anunnaki ceased, the fluids were collected from sacred priestesses referred to as "Scarlet Women," or "Grail Maidens."
Readers will recognize the Scarlet Woman as the Whore of Revelations, as well as the title which Aleister Crowley gave to all of his sex magick partners.
"These sacred, royal princesses" writes de Vere, "virgins of High Birth and Pure Blood, at an optimum age would be chosen to act as feeding females," whose essences contained such valuable substances as, "oxytocin, prolactin, melatonin, seratonin, adenosyne triphosphate, dopamine, telomerase, and retinol."
There is another important ingredient in the mix here. De Vere explains,
"many think that only men have semen when in fact women also have it."
And so a Starfire ritual involves the use of a golden straw.
Stich a device would have been inserted into the virgin's urethra to the depth of about one inch, whilst the partner in the rite inserted his or her finger into the vagina and massaged the "roof of the mouth" or uppermost wall of the canal nearest the open or 'mouth' of the vagina, behind the pubic bone.
After a few conducive moments perhaps, orgasm would occur and the fluid from the gland would discharge itself through the straw, either into the waiting mouth of the recipient, or onto a "grail platter" or dish held next to the vulva.
Keen readers will recognize this as identical to a sex magick ritual advocated by Aleister Crowley for members of his Order or Oriental Templars (OTO).
The only difference is that his rite also involved the use of male semen which was called the "Red Tincture" or "coagulated blood," while the female fluids were called "Gluten" or "The White Tincture."
Together they made "The Elixir of Life," and in alchemy blood and semen are the primae materia or first matter of the great work.
*"this is the true Key to Magick," writes Crowley. "That is, by the right use of this secret man may impose his Will on Nature herself."
Monatomic Gold – the substitute
According to de Vere and others, ingesting the fluids of mundane women has only a slight effect, certainly not enough to maintain a royal Dragon family in the manner to which they're accustomed.
And after a few thousand years the genetic purity of their Grail maidens began to deteriorate, so the Starfire lost it's potency. This reportedly began around 1960 BC and is equated with the time that an edict was handed down to Noah by God demanding that the consumption of all blood cease immediately. (Gen. 9:4)
Thus, a substitute had to be found, and so the alchemical process was created as a means of artificially creating the Elixir of Life, the Philosopher's Stone, also known as "potable gold." This is created using a black powder known as occultum, the universal solvent which has the power to transmute metals.
When placed against gold it converted it into a white powder which could be ingested.
It is said to cause nothing less than immortality, as it sets off a self-correcting mechanism in your DNA that lasts for thousands of years. It also bestows the enhanced melatonin production and magical powers associated with Startfire, including clairvoyance, dimension-hopping and flying capabilities. It is believed that this "white gold" is the same as the "Shew-bread" and "Manna from Heaven" mentioned in the Old Testament.
Today, there are those who publicly proclaim knowledge of the Philosopher's Stone. A man named David Hudson claims to have created a technique for manufacturing this white gold, which he's patented as ORME (Orbitally Rearranged Monatomic Elements).
Ormus is a name associated with the Holy Grail, and so readers may not be surprised to learn that Hudson himself is related to the Merovingian Grail family through Claude de Guise.
Basically, the powder is created by putting gold into a higher atomic state through a series of intense heating and cooling sessions, during which it loses and gains weight radically, as though portions of the mass were being transferred into another dimension.
David Hudson describes the magical quantum properties of his white gold:
These M-state elements have been observed to exhibit superconductivity, superfluidity, Josephson tunneling and magnetic levitation…
They may enhance energy flow in the microtubules inside every living cell. Ingesting in-state gold has different effects on the body than the effects of ingesting metallic gold. At 2 mg. it totally has gotten rid of Karposi Sarcomas on AIDS patients.
Within 2 hours, their white blood cell count goes from 2500 to 6500…
Stage 4 cancer patients have taken it orally, and after 4 5 days have no cancer left any place in the body. It's been used on Lou Gehrig's disease, it's been used on MS, it's been used on MD, it's been used on arthritis. It literally corrects the DNA.
All of this puts a nice, friendly face on the whole thing, which is currently a secret power held only by an elite caste of Aryans who use it to lord themselves over the rest of the human population.
And there are those who have said that the "substitute" white gold never did away with the original practice of blood-drinking as a method for obtaining the substances they needed.
David Icke and his associate, Arizona Wilder, have campaigned the globe to inform its citizens with Chicken Little-like hysteria that most of its financiers, politicians and aristocrats are actually under the control of Reptilian beings from another dimension, who are inhabiting their bodies.
Icke states:
"To hold their human form, these entities need to drink human (mammalian) blood and access the energy it contains to maintain their DNA codes in their 'human' expression. If they don't, they manifest their reptilian codes and we would all see what they really look like."
Icke believes that most of this blood is obtained in human sacrifice rituals engaged in by the Satanic Illuminati.
Tracy Twyman's Da Vinci Code Decoded
Twyman-Lunn "Disinformation Company" Emails
Dagobert's Revenge Magazine


Well here we are at 11 months and still many months away from our baby girl.
This is one of the nicer days we have had so far this spring. When you live on our island the wind comes up off the water from the north it feels more like -11 but if you are lucky it comes up from the south and feels like more than 11 because of the humidity. It's the best of both worlds really, I don't mind it.
Now just so you know I took the 11 degrees picture on Tuesday and my husband who was in Quebec city took this picture to show me how nice it was there and sent it to me on Wednesday. Is it great minds thinking alike or what??? I just hope that is not how many months we have to wait, but I couldn't help but think that when I seen it. What would you think?
Great minds do think alike. How funny you both were on the same track.
Okay... first, happy ELEVEN!! That is awesome. Second, how UNCANNY that you guys took basically the same phot. THIRD, I refuse to believe you'll be waiting that long. Though it would be goosebump weird if you did and you'd have this very unique story to share with your child!!
I certainly hope not but it will be what it will be. All part of the plan.
Happy 11 months! I'll take the 30 degrees, thank you very much!
HaPPY 11th anniversary! I know you are so anxious to see that little face!
Congrats on your 11 LID-versary!!
I must say that it is dern cold up there!
Congrats on being 11 months closer to your darling daughter!
Happy 11 Months......hang in there my friend.....it will not be 31 months!
Happy 11... and one more makes 12!!!
no, I don't think 31 more months.
Congrats on reaching 11 months...I think that is AWESOME!
Cool coincidence about the temps!
31 cannot possibly be how many months it is going to take. It must represent something else, right?
Happy 11 months...just that much closer!


Telephone scams are becoming increasingly sophisticated. To help you stay safe here's a closer look at the most common phone scams out there.
Fraudsters are constantly coming up with new ways to trick victims to part with their cash. Below are four of the most common telephone scams you need to be aware of now.
We take scams very seriously and want you to feel empowered to deal with them. So our new webpage www.bt.com/scams includes advice on how to spot a scam call and provides an easy way to report them.
Many of us will at some time receive a phone call out of the blue from someone promising a great way to make money.
The investment opportunities could be to do with wine, carbon credits or land in Brazil and the caller will try and convince you there's minimal risk of losing money.
Often the returns will be unbelievable, far more impressive than anything you can get from your bank or even by sticking your money into a few FTSE 100 shares.
But of course, it will all be rubbish. The callers are scammers, trying to get you to sign over your cash into an investment where the only winner will be the scammers.
You'll either be investing in something that doesn't exist, or which has a value of a fraction of what you're paying for it.
One of the most common cold call topics are pensions.
Thanks to the new pension freedoms, over-55s have far more control over what to do with their pension pots. And that presents an opportunity for scammers.
The Information Commissioner's Office reported receiving more than 1,000 complaints about pension-related cold calls and texts in the month following the new rules.
While the City of London Police estimate that at least £13.3 million was stolen from pension savings in 2015.
If someone calls you out of the blue offering to help you access your pension, particularly if you're not yet 55, it's going to be a scam.
Other scammers will target people over 55 with investment scams like the ones mentioned above in a bid to convince them to invest their pension money in a scam.
However, not all telephone scams will be about investing or making money. Some will simply try to gain access to your computer to steal your details.
For example, some scammers will call and tell you that you have got a virus on your computer, and that only they can help you remove it.
They'll pretend to be from Microsoft or some other big name, and talk you into downloading some form of software that allows the caller to access your computer, so that they can 'remove the virus'.
In other cases, they may request remote access to your computer to help fix an issue and steal personal information stored on there.
Scammers may also impersonate your bank and try to convince you there's been a security breach on your account and that needs to be fixed.
Of course, to do that they'll need your account details, including your PIN. But give the details out and your account will be drained.
Or there's the courier scam. You'll receive a call, supposedly from the police or your bank, stating that it has seen a fraudulent payment on your card and it needs to be replaced.
A courier will be sent to collect your card and arrange for a new one. By now they have your card, your name and your home address.
Neither a bank nor the police will ever send a courier to your home or ask for your PIN or login details.
Increasingly scammers are using sophisticated techniques like hold music to convince you a call is genuine.
Stay calm, remember you are in control, don't give out your personal or payment details, so they can't access your bank or BT account. If you aren't sure of the caller just put the phone down and report it at bt.com/scams.


text:
Fröskogs socken i Dalsland ingick i Tössbo härad, ingår sedan 1971 i Åmåls kommun och motsvarar från 2016 Fröskogs distrikt.

Socknens areal är 58,72 kvadratkilometer varav 50,26 land. År 2000 fanns här 636 invånare.  Tätorten Fengersfors samt kyrkbyn Fröskog med sockenkyrkan Fröskogs kyrka ligger i socknen.

Administrativ historik
Socknen har medeltida ursprung.

Vid kommunreformen 1862 övergick socknens ansvar för de kyrkliga frågorna till Fröskogs församling och för de borgerliga frågorna bildades Fröskogs landskommun. Landskommunen uppgick 1952 i Tössbo landskommun som 1971 uppgick i Åmåls kommun. Församlingen uppgick 2006 i Fröskog-Edsleskogs församling som 2010 uppgick i Åmåls församling.

1 januari 2016 inrättades distriktet Fröskog, med samma omfattning som församlingen hade 1999/2000.

Socknen har tillhört län, fögderier, tingslag och domsagor enligt vad som beskrivs i artikeln Tössbo härad. De indelta soldaterna tillhörde Västgöta-Dals regemente, Tössbo kompani.

Geografi
Fröskogs socken ligger sydväst om Åmål kring Ärrsjön och andra sjöar. Socknen är en starkt kuperad sjörik skogsbygd.

Fornlämningar
Några boplatser och en hällkista från stenåldern har påträffats, liksom från senare perioder en hällristning och en fornborg.

Namnet
Namnet skrevs 1531 Fröskog innehåller i sin förled ett äldre namn på Knarrbyån. Ånamnet innehåller frö, 'fruktbar, frodig' och kan syfta på rikedom på vattenväxter eller god tillgång på fisk. Hela namnet kan då tolkas 'skog(sbygd)en kring Frö' och kan varit namnet på gården vid kyrkan, Stommen.

Se även
 Fröskogs församling

Referenser

Externa länkar

Indelningar i Åmåls kommun
Socknar i Tössbo härad


text:
Q: No noarg super constructor for CLASS CLASS Kotlin 1.5.0
I have a error when trying to build my android app after bumping the kotlin version to 1.5.0.
I am thinking its related to having a parcelized class and using the no-arg plugin.
I have the following class
import android.os.Parcelable
import kotlinx.parcelize.Parcelize

sealed class Profile(
    val count: Int
) : Parcelable {
    @Parcelize
    class User(
        val origincount: Int,
        val imageUrl: String
    ) : Parcelable, Profile(origincount)

    @Parcelize
    class Guest(
        val origincount: Int
    ) : Parcelable, Profile(origincount)
}

And I am getting this error:
IllegalStateException: No noarg super constructor for CLASS CLASS name:User modality:FINAL visibility:public superTypes:[android.os.Parcelable; com.centraldepartment.app.base.model.Profile]:
CONSTRUCTOR visibility:protected <> (count:kotlin.Int) returnType:com.centraldepartment.app.base.model.CDSAppbarProfile [primary]
        at org.jetbrains.kotlin.noarg.NoArgIrTransformer.getOrGenerateNoArgConstructor(NoArgIrGenerationExtension.kt:76)

This error occured when I updated our kotlin version from 1.4.32 to 1.5.0
distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-6.7.1-all.zip

This is my build.gradle(project)
buildscript {
    ext.kotlin_version = '1.5.0'
    ext.navigationVersion = '2.3.3'
    ext.jacocoVersion = "0.8.5"
    ext.daggerHiltVersion = "2.37"

    repositories {
        google()
        jcenter()
        maven { url "https://jitpack.io" }
    }

    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:4.2.2'
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-noarg:$kotlin_version"
        classpath "org.jacoco:org.jacoco.core:$jacocoVersion"
        classpath "androidx.navigation:navigation-safe-args-gradle-plugin:$navigationVersion"
        classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:4.3.5'
        classpath 'com.google.firebase:perf-plugin:1.3.4'
        classpath 'com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics-gradle:2.5.0'
        classpath "com.google.dagger:hilt-android-gradle-plugin:$daggerHiltVersion"
    }
}

And in my build.gradle (app) I have the following:
apply plugin: "kotlin-noarg"

noArg {
    annotation("kotlinx.parcelize.Parcelize")
    invokeInitializers = true
}

A: This is indeed a bug in no-arg plugin.
There is a bug open on in already for a year on Jetbrain's youtrack - KT-46537.
There are currently no workarounds provided.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


We present UnifiedViews, an Extract-Transform-Load (ETL) framework that allows users to define, execute, monitor, debug, schedule, and share data processing tasks, which may employ custom plugins (data processing units) created by users. UnifiedViews natively supports processing of RDF data. In this paper, we: (1) introduce UnifiedViews' basic concepts and features, (2) demonstrate the maturity of the tool by presenting exemplary projects where UnifiedViews is successfully deployed, and (3) outline research projects and future directions in which UnifiedViews is exploited. Based on our practical experience with the tool, we found that UnifiedViews simplifies the creation and maintenance of Linked Data publication processes.
I checked the new version of the article together with comments by reviewers and authors on issues in the previous version. For me this looks now like almost a mature paper on tools for publication.
Btw, none of the vote visualisations (like http://www.semantic-web.at/council/map/) worked at the time I checked, since http://data.consilium.europa.eu/sparql seemed to be down.
The authors have addressed my comments from the last review. Now section 4 has been summarized, the related work extended and the limitations and future work clearly discussed.
I don't think another review is necessary, but I would like to suggest the authors to rename Section 4 as "Discussion and future work", because it does that rather than summarize lessons learned in general. Finally, I feel a little uncomfortable with some of the claims done by the authors in the conclusions. They claim the interface to be intuitive and that creating DPUs is simple. However, there are no numbers behind these claims in the paper, besides being "confirmed by data wranglers".
- Page 5 , Sec 2.2 "the first backend realizing that marks his identifier..."->the first backend realizing that marks its identifier"
The paper presents a tool for extracting, transforming, and loading data (RDF data), dubbed UnifiedViews. Using the tool, it is possible to define, execute, monitor, schedule, and share pipelines for converting raw data to linked data. The main components (backend and frontend) and some use cases of applying UnifiedViews tool are presented. The paper was submitted as 'Tools and Systems Report'. It was reviewed considering two dimensions: (1) Quality, importance, and impact of the described tool or system; and (2) Clarity, illustration, and readability of the describing paper, which shall convey to the reader both the capabilities and the limitations of the tool.
Considering the original submission (http://semantic-web-journal.net/content/unifiedviews-etl-tool-rdf-data-m...), it is noticed that the authors did substantial effort in order to address the reviewers' comments. In this case, I consider that my previous observations (Review #2) have been answered. Therefore, I vote for accepting the article.
I want to thank the authors for their detailed answers to the reviews and their efforts to address the raised issues. Although still quite short compared to Section 3, Section 2 was improved. Table 1 and Section 4 improve the readability of the whole paper.
2. regarding the explanation of the Core DPUs and the link to https://github.com/UnifiedViews/Plugins/tree/develop: please put the link in the paper as well.
Apart from these, all my previous comments where addressed.
- page 3: the notation "n in N^0" is surprisingly formal here, "zero or more" seems more suitable. Also the variables n, n', m are not referenced later.
- page 5: When such AN exception is thrown THE pipeline execution is stopped.


text:
José Calvo, Naturalist/Certified Photo Instructor
Barro Del Colorado Island, 2/8/2020, National Geographic Quest
Aboard the National Geographic Quest
Today we awoke halfway through the Panama Canal, in front of an island, a man-made one created when the United States flooded this area to create the waterway for the canal. The island is better known as "BCI" which stands for Barro Colorado Island. In Spanish that translates to Red Mud Island for its type of clay colored soil.
BCI is not only the largest island on the Panama Canal but it is home to one of the most studied tropical rainforests in the world. Research goes back even before the construction of the canal and it's been managed by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute since 1923.
VIEW COSTA RICA & PANAMA CANAL ITINERARIES >
National Geographic Quest is one of the few ships allowed to stop here during her transit through the canal. And guests aboard have the rare opportunity to visit BCI to learn about the research, explore by forest trail, and enjoy a shoreside excursion by Zodiac.
After our morning on BCI, a local canal pilot boarded National Geographic Quest to finish our cruising of the Panama Canal, one of the engineering marvels of the world. We look forward to the adventures we'll find tomorrow.
Click View Gallery above to see some of the natural wonders inside the rainforest.
Federico Chacón, Naturalist
Federico Chacón, or "Fico" as he is better known by his friends, started guiding one-day nature tours on weekends and holidays at the age of 18 right at the time he started studies at the University of Costa Rica. It was just a part-time job, that w...
Nicknamed "Indio" (Indian) because of his powers of observation and quiet nature, José has almost two decades of experience working as a naturalist and photography guide; as well as being recognized as an expert birder and nature photographer in Cos...
Drake Passage, Beagle Channel, Ushuaia
Boca de la Soledad | Hull Canal | Sand Dollar Beach
Costa Rica and the Panama Canal
Golfo Dulce, Golfito & Rio Seco
We started with "Pura Vida" air, or the air of pure life. This was our first stop in Costa Rica on this expedition. We made it all the way to this country that houses 5% of the planet's biodiversity. Saying goodbye to Panama was hard, but it is time to explore more on our journey. We anchored in Golfito, a little gulf inside a bigger gulf named Golfo Dulce. This explains why Costa Ricans are called "ticos"; we use diminutives in most of our conversations. We enjoyed the chance to explore the area. We split into two groups. One group took a Zodiac cruise inside the mangrove ecosystem, and another group kayaked from point A to point B. Both options gave guests the opportunity to learn about mangrove ecosystems, which have a lot to offer. We saw plenty of birds nesting, as well as a variety of different species of fish and mammals. Using the shelter of this impenetrable refugee, animals succeed in nursing their young until they are ready to take on the rest of the Neotropics. The mangroves never disappoint. Once we returned from the tours, everyone talked about their wildlife sightings. White-faced capuchins, yellow-throated toucans, sea turtles and yellow-headed caracaras all joined us this morning. After lunch onboard, we landed in "Rio Seco," also known as the dry river. This site offers an incredible example of what reforestation can do to land. Once used for cacao plantations and cattle 30 years ago, the area now hosts a consolidated secondary forest. The forest shares boundaries with the protected areas of a national park. We saw scarlet macaws, squirrel monkeys, orchids, beautiful gardens, fruit trees and frogs. Heat in the early afternoon gave way to a cool and refreshing breeze before dusk. The day was a total success. A visit to the heavy rainforest in one of the planet's most biodiverse regions is always special. Looking forward to see what we experience tomorrow.
Bona Island and the Bay of Panama
We crossed the Panama Canal last night and made a stop on Bona Island. Seabirds nest on this beautiful rock formation covered with vegetation. It is a privilege to see great numbers of birds. Populations of the seabirds depends on the seasonal upwelling, which creates a major change in water temperature during the onset of the dry season. Trade winds blow across the narrow Isthmus of Panama, producing planktonic organisms that establish and diversify the sea. This diversification supports the birds and creates major fisheries in the gulf. It was amazing to see blue-footed boobies right at the beginning of the Zodiac ride. We also spotted brown boobies, brown pelicans and nesting frigatebirds. Oddly-shaped wings make frigatebirds look gracious as they glide in the sky, until they begin flying quickly to harass brown pelicans fishing near their nesting sites. Toward the end of the cruise, we spotted a peregrine falcon. These falcons, common migratory birds of prey, spend winters in the Neotropics. We returned to the ship to enjoy a great lunch as we started the long cruise of 180 nautical miles to Coiba National Park. Pantropical spotted dolphins joined a bow ride with us. Later, we enjoyed a nice presentation on Panama history, a cocktail hour and a recap session.
Rainforest Discovery Center and the Panama Canal
We began crossing one of the wonders of the modern world last night when we entered the Gatun Locks and began the first half of our transit. Three sets of locks led us directly onto a manmade lake 85 feet above sea level. Early in the morning, those of us up early could hear howler monkeys calling from the island in front of us. These calls are a hallmark of neotropical rainforests. We prepared for our first outing of the week by gearing up with binoculars, water bottles, cameras, and sunscreen. We left National Geographic Quest for a boat/bus/walking adventure at the Rainforest Discovery Center (RFDC). Established in January 2008 by then President Martin Torrijos, the RFDC is located on the famous Pipeline Road. The site is world-renowned for birdwatching. In 1985, 385 species were identified in two hours, a record number for bird counting. The visitor's center and observation tower, the work of architect Patrick Dillon, make the least possible impact on their respective sites. In their own ways, each reflects sustainable design principles, including the use of recycled building materials (structural steel, wood paneling, and flooring), the collection, treatment, and consumption of rainwater, the treatment and recycling of sewage and other effluents, and the integration of natural ventilation systems. We transferred from our Zodiacs to local fiberglass outboard engine boats. We admired the beauty of the rainforest as it draped over the light-reflecting waters of Gatun Lake. As we cruised, we spotted wildlife in the lake's floating vegetation and in the small islets inside the lake. The most amazing spotting was a giant vessel as it emerged from the forest-covered edges of the island. Back on the ship for a well-deserved lunch, we spent the rest of our day transiting the Pacific Ocean for the second half of our Panama Canal transit. We crossed the Culebra Cut, Pedro Miguel, and Miraflores locks. We then exited our crossing of the Isthmus of Panama under an iconic and classic bridge, the Bridge of the Americas. This marked the continuation of our week's adventure in Panama and Costa Rica.


text:
Child bone fractures are treated differently from adults as their bones are still growing.
One has to be cognisant of the differences in treating the paediatric patient with the growing skeleton.
The child is not a small adult, and the growth plate, also known as the physis, has to be taken into consideration at all times.
Growth plate injuries can lead to growth arrest and subsequent deformities. As such, treatment considerations and indications are different than those for the adult patient. It follows that surgical management is also then decidedly disparate.
Figure 1. Salter-Harris Classification of Growth Plate Injuries.
Fractures in children can be as common as 1 in 3 sustaining one. In children, the bones and physis (growth plate) tend to be weaker than their ligaments and adjacent supporting tissue.
Thus, fractures occur more so than ligament sprains. Thankfully the treatment is usually simple with good outcomes.
Children have a growth plate (physis) and a thick membrane overlying the bone (periosteum). These two conspire to limit displacement, assist in reduction and confer stability. Hence healing is rapid and there is the capacity for Remodelling.
Remodelling allows the child's bones to heal and eventually resemble a normal bone even if the reduction of the fracture was not optimal, to begin with. The remodelling potential depends however on the age of the child (and the remaining growth potential) and how close it is to the physis.
The younger the child and the closer the fracture is to the physis, lends itself to a better remodelling potential. It should be noted that there are limits to remodelling.
For example, rotational deformities do not correct with remodelling. When such scenarios are present it may be prudent to opt for a more anatomical reduction which may require surgery.
Common fractures in children
1. Wrist Fractures (Distal Radius)
These are the most common fractures in children and the most common scenario is a fall on an outstretched hand.
The child presents with pain, swelling and perhaps deformity at the wrist. X-rays are performed to assess the type of fracture sustained and if the physis is involved. The most common type of wrist fracture is the buckle fracture.
These can usually be treated conservatively with a cast for approximately 2-3 weeks. These fractures are close to the physis and hence heal very well.
Figure 2. X-Rays showing a buckle fracture.
It can also be a case in which it is a complete fracture. However, since the growth plate is close to the fracture, there is still a good chance of healing with conservative measures in most cases, especially in the younger child.
Surgical Treatment is considered in cases where there is malrotation; considerable overlap; intra-articular involvement of growth plate; as well as when there are other associated fractures and injuries.
Surgical management involves avoiding further injury to the growth plate while achieving restoration to its position.
Figure 7. X-Rays showing fractures.
Figure 8. X-Rays showing insertion of TEN. (Titanium Elastic Nails)
Figure 9. X-Ray showing injuries.
Figure 10. Intra-op X-Rays showing reduction and Fixation with use of K-wire and avoiding the growth plate.
2. Forearm injuries
Commonly occur after a fall from height, playground or during sports. The child presents with pain associated with deformity usually and is unwilling to move the affected limb.
The fracture sustained may be incomplete or complete. Incomplete ones usually do well with conservative management. Complete ones at the shaft may present a more difficult decision with regard to decision making.
Closed reduction and immobilisation may be sufficient for the minimally displaced fractures, but unstable ones might require operative fixation.
Depending on the amount of growth potential left, intra-medullary flexible nails may be used instead of the usual more rigid plates and screws techniques used in adults.
Figure 11. Intra-operative X-rays showing the use of TENs to reduce and hold the forearm fractures.
Figure 12. X-Rays showing a segmental injury sustained from PARKOUR.
Figure 13. X-Rays showing fixation using more rigid devices for the forearm and a growth plate-sparing fixation of the wrist.
3. Elbow Fractures
Elbow Fractures are another common injury in childhood and the most common of these is the Supracondylar Humerus Fracture.
It tends to occur in children at the ages 5-7 from an outstretched -hand fall injury which overloads the elbow, and can occur in conjunction with a distal radius injury as well.
There are several types of fracture patterns and these occur due to the varying loads and mechanisms of injury.
Figure 14. Type 1 injuries show an undisplayed fracture pattern and can be treated conservatively with a cast.
Figure 15. Type 3 Injuries are displaced and would require Surgical Fixation.
Surgical treatment is usually one of closed reduction and percutaneous pinning. The urgency of said surgery is contingent on whether there is a compromise to the blood supply of the elbow.
The Lateral Condyle Fracture is another common elbow injury. in the 6-10 It carries a higher risk of complications than the other elbow fractures because it is more unstable, involves the joint, is harder to diagnose, and is more prone to poor healing.
The threshold for surgical intervention of the Lateral Condyle Fracture is lower due to its risk of complications and instability.
Generally, if there is more than 2mm displacement, it would be prudent to opt for surgical fixation.
Unlike the supracondylar fracture, in this instance, a formal open reduction and internal fixation is preferred as there is often interposition of periosteum preventing a good reduction.
4. Long Bone Fractures in the upper and lower limbs
These are less commonly encountered but are not altogether rare. There are parameters for acceptable limits of angulation and rotation beyond which the deformity is not tolerated as well.
Depending on the age and type of fracture, some can be treated conservatively in a cast while others would require surgery for the aforementioned reasons as well as to confer stability.
Surgery, when performed, may involve the use of Flexible intramedullary nails in order not to impede growth.
There are varying presentations and patterns observed with the different age groups. Generally, the younger age groups do well with cast and immobilisation.
Figure 19. A femur fracture treated with a hip spica.
The younger patients are more amenable to treatment with cast and immobilisation. (Figure 19)
The older age groups tolerate the injury less in terms of conservative management.
If the injury falls outside of the acceptable angles, or have an unacceptable rotational deformity, and deemed to be unstable, it may require surgical stabilisation.
Once again, the amount of growth potential left drives the decision for the use of flexible intramedullary nails vs the plate and screws.
Figure 20. X-Rays showing a Femur Fracture which was fixed with a TENS nail.
5. Ankle Fractures
Ankle Fractures affect children differently according to different age groups, in reference to the Salter-Harris Classification of Injuries.
The growth plate particularly, and the paediatric bone is more vulnerable to injury than the stronger supporting ligaments and structures. Hence, the older the child is, the more likely the child is to sustain an adult-like injury.
The most common type of ankle injury is the Type 2 SH ankle fracture. These are usually treated conservatively with reduction and immobilisation in a cast.
Figure 21. This is a stable fracture configuration and can be treated with a cast.
Figure 24. This was an unstable high energy fracture that required surgical fixation.
The younger child may present with a SH1 ankle fracture in which there is no obvious deformity discernible on X-ray. The antecedent event may seem relatively innocuous as well. Thankfully, these do well with conservative treatment and immobilisation.
Ankle Fractures become more difficult to treat as the child enters adolescence. This is because of the way the physis or growth plate, closes. It closes in a circumferential manner such that the part that closes later is more vulnerable to injury.
The Triplane Fracture is a SH4 fracture which affects children from age of 10, and may sometimes be hard to diagnose. It may thus occasionally require a CT scan to assess the fragments involved and to better surgical planning. Surgical management is prudent if there is a displacement of the fracture.
Treatment in this instance is focused more on restoring articular congruity rather than fear of growth disturbance (as the child's growth plate is closing). Inability to restore said congruity leads to the development of arthritis in the future.
Figure 25. Injury X-Rays showing Triplane Fracture.
Figure 26. Intra-operative X-Rays showing fixation.
Figure 27. Intraoperative photos showing fracture and fixation.
Figure 28. Another example of Triplane Fracture with a concomitant ankle fracture.
The Tillaux Fracture is a SH3 injury which affects the older adolescent 12-14. Its pattern of injury is different for the aforementioned reasons and is easier to discern than the triplane.
Treatment principles are similar in that it is predicated upon restoring articular congruity.
Figure 29. Injury X-ray showing subtle fractures of fibula and a tilaux fracture tibia.
Figure 30. X-rays showing fixation.
An intra-articular SH3 or 4 injury can also occur in the young child. While this is less common, it is not altogether unusual.
These present a more difficult problem as one has to restore articular congruity while minimising growth disturbance. The physis has to be restored anatomically as much as possible, for the inability to do so will lead to a physeal bar forming and growth deformity as a consequence.
In addition, while performing the surgical intervention, one has to be careful not to violate the growth plate any further, as this would also lead to said complications.
Figure 31. Showing a SH2 ankle fracture which involved the growth plate. It was previously fixed but the growth plate was not approximated well. Hence a physeal bar was developed with a deformity that was progressing.
Figure 32. Showing the physeal bar removed and bone cuts were made to level the ankle joint. Bone lengthening was done.
Figure 33. Showing the ankle in a fixator.
Figure 34. X-Rays showing healing.


text:
Anthony Gray
Anthony Gray answered 2022-11-25 14:13:37 +1100
Q: Would you be able to attend a fundraising function with a VIP guest at a cost of (please answer only one response):
A: $500?
AML 2023 SURVEY
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Please note that our next activity is a lunch n Sydney with the Hon. Eric Abetz, Chairman of the AML Campaign on Wednesday 30 November 2022
Please find information here to book: Lunch with Hon. Eric Abetz
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(a bit of a technical) Animation blog: Some vids for you!
This interview is really good. That scene from Tangled is one of the best in the movie!
This link here is the Vimeo channel of Victor Navone. You can find the reels of (almost) all the movies he has worked on, plus some personal work.
Let's talk about Games 007 (Jamaal Bradley) from iAnimate on Vimeo.