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A showcase from the Way-Back-When and the Come-What-May. Fictional narratives in fact and in thought.
tarnishedpilgrim@bradleywynne.com
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For many decades, Tilly has wandered through a dystopian land. Now she has a chance to set things right.
Genres: Magic realism/reimagined Australian history/urban fantasy. 155,500 words (first of trilogy).
I am forever the subject of the whatever-happened-to-so-and-so conversations, forever the ethereal lover for whom every kiss is a rehearsal for farewell, every caress an exercise in making sadness. I am twice-born, a fleeting wisp, a curio of nature, a trick of the light, brimming with gratitude and doubt for my long and ad-hoc past, and overflowing with trepidation at the weight of my future.
(Brief synopsis)
It is the present. Twenty-something Matilda (Tilly), a reluctant time-traveller, and Cassi, her enigmatic guardian, have experienced a century and a half of Australia's European history when they meet Birrong, a sanguine Koori man who explains that they are to help him reshape what he asserts is the "dystopian dreamtime" in which the First Australians live. His plan is audacious: gain the confidence of the young Charles Darwin during his visit to New South Wales in January 1836 and convince him that he should champion the forging of an equitable accord between the fledgling western colonies and Australia's indigenous nations.
The story, told in the first person, follows Tilly as she endures her over-protective mother/sister/mentor, struggles with the very concept of time travel and copes stoically with her desperate loneliness — as a side-effect of her time-travelling "infliction", she does not age, so cannot know enduring love. That yearning threatens to undermine the trio's plans when she becomes emotionally involved with Buster, who reminds her of her first lover, a sailor whom she met on the Sydney docks in 1872. Buster, who can eavesdrop on people's dreams, joins the group, with unsettling and plan-threatening consequences.
With Birrong as their guide, the women learn to craft and control their hitherto ad-hoc time-travelling ability while broadening their appreciation of First Nations cultures. They also prepare themselves for their impending brief encounter with Darwin.
Travelling to 1836, the group engineers multiple subtle encounters with the young adventurer. They demonstrate a truthful perspective of the original inhabitants and hope his observations will lead to influential conversations in the colony and back in England that will affect how Europeans react to the Aboriginal nations.
The story ends with Darwin sailing from Sydney in the Beagle, but a Coda, set in the present, demonstrates that the group's efforts are rewarded.
(From Chapter 3)
Late in the afternoon, we entered a settlement at the edge of a river worn well into the earth. "Grafton," the driver announced as though the word would open magical doors.
Unlike most rivers I had experienced in this wide brown land, water touched its banks and Cassi decreed we had arrived on the coastal plain. She looked annoyed. "This is a minor junction. We should not be resting here. The main part of the town is across the river," she explained, "and doubtless the coach has business in that place, but the coastal road follows this river's southern and eastern banks towards the sea. That is our intended course. From here we do not need to cross the river. We are needlessly stalled."
Her argument and impatience were lost on me. We were stopped at a hamlet where a handful of rough-hewn wooden commercial structures invited customers. For the most part, the place looked deserted. Cicada-song and bird-chatter among the gums filled the fragrant air.
A clerk at the coach company's office — really a desk and noticeboard in a horse stable — informed us that the ferry to the river's other bank had become stuck on a sandbar. (The punt depended on the inflow of tidal water to augment that supplied by the river.) This left us stranded. Cassi's black mood deepened and she prowled as if waiting for a sign from the saints or a decision to take form in her mind.
The company arranged overnight lodgings and to take advantage of this unexpected break in our journey, Cassi guided me away from the settlement to the seclusion of the riverbank. "Forgive me, Ma-til-da, our forced delay is unnecessary but the coaches do have their routines, I suppose. Imagine if they had decided to bypass whole towns? Mail would not be delivered, loved ones would not be embraced."
She babbled, making excuses for her earlier impatience, and I stopped listening, content to drink in the evening. It had always been a magical time of day for me, when the sky turned mauve in the afterglow and my trivial concerns surrendered to whatever sights and sounds and smells that the world might offer.
I could feel the aches of travel leach away. A near full mothermoon had risen and its fat yellow light danced on the waters of the languorous river. Ever since I have been in Australia, I have found that sight hypnotic.
Cassi shared an anecdote of how she could see a rabbit etched in mothermoon. She said that when she was a child, in England, the rabbit had been upside down, but here she could see it as intended, and thought that important. She said she had created stories about that orb's journeys down to the world each fullness to encourage children into making mischief. Thereafter as punishment, mothermoon would fret away to nothing, until the need to grow bolder overtook the darkness.
She said I was like a mischievous child, emboldened by the call of mothermoon. "I'll wager you delighted in weaving pranks about your loved ones when the moon was on you," she said.
Mesmerised with the stillness after an arduous day of road noises and dust, I said nothing.
I tried to read the scribbly message mothermoon had written on the tidal water. Day by day that language had become clearer, and soon I would understand.
Is this what Cassi meant by saying, When the moon is on you?
My thoughts turned to parents — I touched the locket at my throat — and lives cut short, and love pent up and dispensed as tears in echo rooms.
We paused in our stroll at a grassy spot and my enigmatic companion sat. She offered a hand that I might join her.
I did so, but she did not release me.
An awkward moment passed, then she studied my face by the late light of sun and mothermoon. I saw love there as though she had absorbed a familiar and endearing sight and when she found my eyes I could see that hers were slightly moist as she said reassuringly, "Do not be afraid."
(From Chapter Fifty-Two)
I navigated the gangplank and stood on the deck of the Beagle, face to face with Charles Darwin as we effected a little dance of avoiding busy sailors readying the ship for sea.
I remembered the drawing I carried and thrust it at him. "Cassandra gave this to me as a memento of our meeting," I said, in lieu of fumbling with pleasantries. "I mean my meeting with her. I thought you might like it."
He looked at me, puzzled, and plucked at the green ribbon. If he was curious as to why I was still in Sydney Town or why I kept on turning up in his life, he made no mention of it. He unfurled the paper slowly and took in the artwork, as he had done with each of Cassi's sketches at the Scotch Thistle.
"It is fine art — Matilda? — and I will treasure it," he said. "Should you ever encounter Cassandra again, please tell her that I will display it in my cabin for the remainder of the voyage and find a place for it in my study in London."
He meant it as a compliment; it came across as vain.
He rolled it up and I helped him with the ribbon. The meeting had concluded. I held out my gloved hand and after a pause, he took it.
"Mr Darwin, may I ask a question?" He bowed his round head slightly. "If a society is faced with important choices, should they look forward with hope for their answers or rely on their experience and prejudices?"
"Goodness," he said with a laugh, "does it ever stop with you colonials? I came here expecting a pit of vagabonds and I find a ponder of philosophers!"
When I did not respond, he continued: "There is wisdom in both experience and hope, Matilda. I have had long sessions with the guardians of this colony since my return from the inland and fully bent their ears on many of their beliefs and shortcomings. My journey has both invigorated and saddened me. Why do you ask this?"
"It is a personal matter, Mr Darwin. I am to make a choice that affects those around me profoundly. It is a choice between an individual's immediate benefit and the longer-term welfare of a group I cherish dearly. The two outcomes may not be compatible."
He nodded all the while and said, "My journey has taught me that both outcomes are indeed possible, Matilda; that individual strength can benefit generations down the ages. Believe in your strengths as I have learned the First Australians believe in theirs, and history — or in this case, your cherished group — cannot help but benefit from that belief."
Over Darwin's shoulder and near the poop deck, I saw a stately figure impatiently shift his weight from foot to foot and I assumed this to be Robert FitzRoy, the Beagle's captain. He was a chubby-faced chap with muttonchops and the sort of rounded jowls that ably shaped the gab of an aristocratic Briton. He viewed the world from small eyes that peered over his beaked nose. He squinted, but that might have been a symptom of the harsh antipodean sun rather than myopia. He could have been a manor-bred second son, a pastor ever loving of his flock. His Napoleonic posture spoke more of his propensity to dispense wisdom than a willingness to receive it.
It was his social class that Cassi, Birrong and I hoped Darwin could persuade to give Australia's First Nations people not so much a new deal (this was, after all, 1836 and almost a half-century into the country's European colonisation) but a fair one almost from the start.
Darwin turned to source my distraction and gestured for FitzRoy to join us. Tempting as it was to meet another of our history's key players, I placed a light hand on Darwin's shoulder to regain his attention. "Mr Darwin, I know time presses on you but, if I may, one other brief matter."
FitzRoy moved to join us, but I said my piece anyway and in my rush perhaps synthesised my question a little too harshly. "Do you believe in God, Mr Darwin?" His pause gave FitzRoy time enough to join his distinguished passenger.
With the captain at our side, the ship's crew flowed around us, without its earlier shouts and warnings.
Darwin's questioning gaze penetrated my skull and rummaged for meaning at the back of my brain. Although only a few years separated us in real age, at a pinch I had hundreds of years of experience over this young man but still I felt humbled.
"God?" he said evenly. "How could I not believe in Him? I have devoted my life to bearing witness to His majesty. It is my life to read His work and write it down for all our children. Captain FitzRoy?"
"You have crates still to load, Mr Darwin?"
"My man is attending to them. We will not delay you." FitzRoy nodded, but he did not move away, as I expected he might. "Go on, Matilda."
He did not introduce me to his captain. "So your god preaches to you from beyond the formal scriptures, or in addition to them. I mean beyond the Bible and church teachings." I was way out of my depth here, but having started so brashly, I needed to reframe my question.
"Yes, that is true though as a scientist I have responsibilities to both my calling and society. It is not necessarily an easy admixture to balance."
"Fact and faith, Mr Darwin," FitzRoy said and Darwin nodded. A glance passed between the two men; this was territory they had traversed before. Of course, their conversations on the long months at sea would have broached such topics.
"But what if as you travelled through a land where the work of God is not in what you observe, but what you cannot see, what you feel?"
"You're speaking of a spiritual reaction to the land? Of course, I understand the importance of that aspect. Always."
"No, Mr Darwin, I speak not of a spiritual response but more of a communion with the spirit of the land. Something you cannot gauge from so brief a journey as yours." My whole argument hinged on the shared dream Darwin had with Buster concerning two indigenous waifs who mourned their past while offering Darwin a personal hope for the future.
"Are you asking that I should stay in Sydney to learn more?" At the suggestion, FitzRoy seemed to puff up like a courting pigeon.
"No, Mr Darwin, of course not. Britons have colonised this land for less than fifty years and without blame they have sought to shape it as best they know, which is to emulate the homeland. But the native cultures have had fifty millennia or more to share and understand the land. We have much to learn."
A cold flush passed over me. Fifty thousand is a number that would not be generally accepted as the tenure of Australia's First Nations for another five generations or so. Had my anachronistic slip tinkered too hard with history?
FitzRoy damned and saved me. "If I may observe, you say they as though you have no part in the colony."
As Darwin had not introduced us, I could not address the captain by name. "Forgive me, sir, I speak as a settler from across the Celtic Sea." Better he harrumph against my Irish heritage than know my true calling.
If FitzRoy's intention had been to break the conversation, he succeeded. That job done, he turned to leave me alone again with Darwin. "Fair wind and following seas, captain," I said and he would have thought the comment precocious.
He stopped, smiled and offered me his hand. "FitzRoy," he said, pronouncing it as two words. I used his hand to steady myself as I curtsied. He might have expected that.
With the captain about his business, I exchanged farewell pleasantries with Darwin but removed my glove before once more offering him my hand.
He took it, nodded, and watched me while I disembarked. When I turned for one last look at the Beagle at anchor, he was gone.
Wagga Beach
Trick of the Light
The Between-People I
The Between-People II
The Between-People III
Ularaka
a.k.a. That Bloomsbury Girl
The Tarnished Pilgrim
Make-Believers
Sancticilius
Assorted website and text contents © Bradley de Vere Wynne. Where applicable, original authorities retain copyright of illustrations and photographs.


"There is a gap between what was promised and what is being presented today," said Mr Juncker.
"If we accepted the slip, some European countries would cover us with insults and tirades with the accusation we are being too flexible with Italy," Juncker told Italian media.
In reference to the festering acrimony between EU bureaucrats and populist Italian leaders, who have even threatened to sue Juncker for jawboning Italian bond yields, the European Commissioner said speculation that he's somehow "against Italians" is "rubbish".
"They attack me, insult me but do not ask questions. Let's stop saying that I am against Italy. It's rubbish, it's a lie," said Mr Juncker.
Italian Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte is set to address EU leaders at a summit in Brussels on Thursday, despite fears that he might hijack the summit's agenda, which leaders have hoped would focus on finalizing a draft Brexit deal. But while some EU leaders have pushed to give Italy a pass, fearful of provoking an EU "showdown," Juncker has continued to insist that the EU must abide by its rules. Conte and Tria are expected to address Italian lawmakers Tuesday afternoon Rome time.
Officials are fearful the mini eurozone summit could become a flashpoint between Rome and the EU if hawkish governments such as the Netherlands demand Mr Conte stick to Rome's budget commitments. A senior EU official warned against an EU showdown.
Mr Juncker insisted the assessment would be made without any "prejudice" against Italy's Eurosceptic coalition government, made up of the rightwing League and anti-establishment Five Star parties.
"Europe operates according to pre-established rules. Incoming governments must respect the word of those who preceded them," he said.
As speculation about an 'Italeave' scenario has continued to fester as the budget showdown has dragged on, one reporter asked Juncker if he felt that European Union could survive an Italian exit. Citing polling data showing that most Italians favor remaining in the EU, Juncker insisted that the EU wouldn't survive the departure of its third-largest economy – and that Italy wouldn't survive an exit from the EU.
"Europe needs Italy and Italy needs Europe," Juncker said, answering "No" when asked if Europe could survive an Italian exit.
But will this in any way shift Brussels' evaluation of the Italian budget? We think not. Still, we imagine markets will be 'disappointed' when Brussels sends the draft back covered in red ink.


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Home›Events›Culture›5 Most Amazing African Tribes: Distinct in Tradition (Series 1)
5 Most Amazing African Tribes: Distinct in Tradition (Series 1)
Africa boasts of 3000 tribes. Millions of Africans still live in tribes, each with their own unique culture and society. African tribes often have their own religion, and one or two others, which are generally either Christianity or Islam. Some of these tribes are prosperous and some are in danger of extinction. Here, discover the 10 most amazing African tribes.
Zulu Tribe
The Zulu are one of the most famous African tribes in the world, partly because of a man named Shaka Zulu. Shaka Zulu was the most famous king the Zulus ever had. He was an exceptional military commander and even managed to win against enemies wielding guns, when he only used spears, and shields. The Zulu are a Bantu ethnic group of Southern Africa and the largest ethnic group in South Africa. In total the Zulu have 12, 159,000 members. The two main religions of the tribe are Christianity, and Zulu mythology. In the 19th century the Zulus went to war with the British, and although they lost in the end they put up an amazing fight against such a powerful enemy, and scored an impressive victory at the battle of Isandlwana.
Yoruba Tribe
The Yoruba tribe is one of the largest African tribes, with a population of over 40 million people. Most of the tribe is situated in Nigeria, 40 million Yoruba people live there. The remaining 3 million Yoruba people are spread throughout Benin, Ghana, Togo, Ivory Coast, Europe, and North America. The Yoruba speak their own language known as the Yoruba language, which is a tonal language. The main religions of the Yoruba people are Christianity, Islam, and Yoruba mythology. Yoruba mythology has one supreme god which has three godly manifestations. The three manifestations are Eledumare, the creator; Olorun, ruler of the heavens; and Olofi, who is the conduit between heaven and Earth.
Xhosa Tribe
The Xhosa are the second largest cultural group in South Africa. They are a Bantu ethnic group of Southern Africa mainly living in Eastern Cape, South Africa. The tribe is named after a legendary king called uXhosa. There are 8 million Xhosa people. The Xhosa people and white settlers first encountered each other around Somerset East in the early 18th century. Traditional Xhosa culture includes diviners who are mostly women. It takes 5 years of training for someone to become a diviner. They also have herbalists, healers and prophets. The Xhosa have many historical heroes whose stories are passed on orally.
Kalenjin People
The Kalenjin people are a Nilotic ethnic group in the Rift Valley Province, Kenya. They have a population of around 5 million people. The two most common religions are Christianity, and African Traditional Religion. The Kalenjin were nameless until the 20th century when they banded together and assumed the name Kalenjin. Before then they were simply referred to as "Nandi speaking tribes". The Middle Nile Basin, South of the Abbai River is believed to be the ancient homeland of the Kalenjin. Kelenjin mythology has two main supernatural deities, Asis and Llat. Asis lives in the Sky, he's omnipotent and the gurantor of right. Llat lives in deep pools, and waterfalls.
The Hadza People
The Hadza are an indigenous ethnic group in Tanzania. They live around Lake Eyasi in the Central Rift Valley and in the neighbouring Serengeti plateau. The Hadza are a very small tribe numbering only 1,000. Around 400 of then live as hunter gatherers, which is how their ancestors have live for tens of thousands of years. In the modern world hunter-gatherers are a rarity, and the Hadza people are one of the few hunter-gatherers left in the world. The Hadza have lived in their current territory for thousands of years, and their way of live has barely changed since then. Many external groups have attempted to introduce Christianity, and farming to the Hadza but these attempts have all failed.
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» English » Hypersonic weapons: fast and dangerous
Hypersonic weapons: fast and dangerous
Since the Gulf War of 1990-1991, a wide array of new military technology has been developed. This includes new risky techniques like machine learning to enhance nuclear C3 systems, with the huge danger of the US or its competitors inadvertently accelerate crisis instability. It includes adaptions to brains to make them more useful for military operations. It can also bring change to what seems to be traditional weapons, like making cruise missiles hypersonic so they can travel with at least 5 times the speed of sound. It is expected Joe Biden, if elected the next president of the US, will seek to limit the potentially destabilizing effects of hypersonic weapons. What are these weapons and why are they dangerous?
In March 2018, Vladimir Putin made public that Russia had these superfast weapons. His press conference made international headlines and the production of the enormously speedy cruise missiles, nuclear torpedo's and hypersonic glide vehicles were pictured as a new danger. Although there was also some scepticism about the amount of bluff in the words of the Russian president. But a threat and a case for concern it is, now or in the future.
Russia, America and China
Not only Russia is developing hypersonic weapons. In April 2020 the US Air Force announced it was seeking industrial information about hypersonic cruise missile technology, with the hope of starting up a new prototyping program in the near future. The coronavirus means a small hiccup in US production but will not withheld the air force from these plans. The US Navy has its own hypersonic program focussed on the Standard Missile SM-6.
American hypersonic developments started in 2003 when the US president Bush wanted conventional capability to be able to strike targets anywhere in the world within an hour as part of his aim for pre-emptive strike capabilities. Hypersonics fit the picture. They are relatively cheap and veritable tools for punishment or to decapitate essential military infrastructure. The Obama Administration continued this development to strengthen the US position in Asia vis-à-vis China. That survivability of China's limited nuclear arsenal could be jeopardized by the US global strike capabilities and thus undermine the nuclear deterrent, was part of the reason which spurred China to reorganise its nuclear forces. It created a next step in the great power competition
Russia originally began research into hypersonic weapons when president Reagan started his Star Wars program. Moscow revamped this research after president Bush withdraw from the Anti Ballistic Missile (ABM) treaty (one of many major arms control withdrawals by the US this century). It was said by Moscow to counterbalance vulnerabilities. The Russian Avanguard Hypersonic Glide Vehicle shown by Putin in 2018 can travel with a speed of almost 5,000 km/h. This enables Russian weapons to reach any European capital within 15 minutes.
We see a new arms race unfold before our eyes.
A new danger
Why are these weapons so dangerous? The answer is threefold: a) because of their enormous speed, reaction time to a strike is reduced to minutes, b) manoeuvrability means the trajectory of the weapons is difficult or not to predict, limiting reaction times even more, and c) because the weapons can be armed with conventional and nuclear warheads they create a potential danger of over-reaction. While it is hard to establish a defence against hypersonic weapons, they give the first mover an advantage, leading to a 'use-or-lose' scenario. Sander Ruben Aarten, a researcher at the Netherlands Defence Academy (NLDA) calls this a new dynamics detrimental to strategic stability, because "such developments invite pre-emptive strategies, laucnch-on-warning policies and stir a dynamic in which competitors continue to seek ways to offset each other's capabilities."
Not only big powers, also smaller, regional, powers are developing this kind of weapons, like Australia, Japan, India, France and a number of other European countries. The European missile producers of MBDA (joint venture of Airbus 37.5%, BAE Systems 37.5%, and Leonardo 25% and operating in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the UK and US with a financial holding in the Netherlands) has its own program, as Aviation Week and Space Technology recently reported. "Be aware that MBDA is pursuing a European program for an interceptor against hypersonic and maneuvering ballistic threats that could be an application for this patent" the company told an editor of the magazine. MBDA is also creating the ASN4G air-launched cruise missile to replace the French ASMP-A nuclear deterrent by the mid-2030s.
To counter the danger of the hypersonic weapons there are annalist proposing the introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) into air defence. But that will lead to a number of new insecurities, like attacks that uses adversarial data to fool the network into misidentifying false data. Machine learning is vulnerable to 'data poisoning' techniques that manipulate the data used to train a machine learning system, thus causing it to learn the wrong thing. AI-systems today, including those that do not use deep learning, have a set of safety challenges broadly referred to as 'the control problem.' It does increase the threat of unintended escalation through miscalculation or misinterpetation, which consequently could result in war. Countering the danger of a new range or weapons by introducing a new kind of technology with its own dangers hardly seems a solution.
The arms market
The hypersonic weapons systems are in a development stage now by a limited number of countries, but weapons developed for armed forces have the tendency to be exported first to close and later to less close allies. In the long term they will be exported to countries using them against neighbours. Control of technology could and should be established in 35-nation Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR), which already incorporates some controls on hypersonic-related technologies. But that is not enough.
The solution is arms control instead of a policy of confrontation. We have to find a way out of this new and dangerous arms race. We must identify hurdles on the multi-polar negotiation table, which are major (like the disparity of nuclear arsenals between the two major powers and Russia: US, 6,185; Russia, 6,500; and China, 290) and solve them. So far, there seems to be a lack of interest to come to solutions in Washington and Beijing. It will be up to citizens to bring leaders to their senses. The world has a lot of knowledge, let us prevent technology to become the greatest enemy of its citizens.
Martin Broek 13/05/2020
EXPLOSIVE STUFF is the bi-monthly Stop Wapenhandel blog on arms trade and arms production. Subscribe/unsubscribe


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Valuable contribution by older people recognised but employers still reluctant to hire them
The majority of UK professionals believe older workers make a valuable contribution to UK businesses but despite this, many struggle to find new employment, a report has found.
The study from CV-Library found that 92.2 per cent of workers believe older workers make a valuable contribution to UK businesses, 76.6 per cent of staff believe that older workers bring years of experience and knowledge to an organisation that can't be found in a younger worker and 92.7 per cent of workers believe the mature staff should still be able to excel in the workplace.
Yet although they received an overwhelming sense of respect from the UK workforce, it seems that the same regard for older workers is not echoed by employers.
When asked to explain key issues on age in relation to work, seeking new employment was the most common concern, with almost half (46 per cent) of 55-64 year olds considering age to be a hindrance.
The job site conducted research amongst a cross-section of more than 2,400 UK employees aged between 18-70+ to ascertain how they felt about mature professionals in the workplace.
Feedback from respondents included: "I'm 60, and despite years of experience in all aspects of office administration, I cannot even get a job as a filing clerk. I have got six years before I can retire! Why can't I get a job? I'm not going to drop dead at my desk (I hope)." (Judy, 55-64, North West). "The reason I have been turned down for just about all the jobs I have applied for is because of my age." (Pete, 55-64, North West) and "Permanent positions are hard to find for people over 55 even though they have experience and skills that can help companies." (Matthew, 55-64, East Anglia).
Lee Biggins, founder and managing director of CV-Library comments: "Age is a sensitive subject for many but it should never be an obstacle in the workplace. It's reassuring to see that UK professionals understand the valuable contribution older workers make to UK businesses, but it's not enough if age discrimination still exists in the recruitment process.
"Age discrimination in the workplace or the recruitment process is unacceptable and it's time to break down barriers for older workers looking for jobs."


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"Вршачка позоришна јесен" је српска телевизијска серија снимана од 2002. до 2015. године.

Улоге

|-
|Вања Радошевић || Госпођа Зеленичка 3 (3 еп. 2002-2013)
|-
|Павле Петровић || 	Шандор Лепршић / Лично / Жан, слуга (3 еп. 2002-2008)
|-
|Срђан Радивојевић || Гавриловић (3 еп. 2006-2013)
|-
|Иван Ђорђевић || Лично (2 еп. 2006-2013)
|-
|Драган Џанкић || Лично (2 еп. 2006-2013)
|-
|Игор Минић || Камп жртва (2 еп. 2006-2008)
|-
|Владана Савић || Госпођица Јулија (1 еп. 2002)
|-
|Александар Дунић || Лично (1 еп. 2006)
|-
|Филип Гајић || Лично (1 еп. 2006)
|-
|Снежана Јеремић || Лично (1 еп. 2006)
|-
|Бојана Малкановић Удички || Госпођа Зеленичка 1 (1 еп. 2006)
|-
|Анђелија Николић || Лично (1 еп. 2006)
|-
|Мирчеа Оморан || Лично (1 еп. 2006)
|-
|Стефан Преда || Камп жртва (1 еп. 2006)
|-
|Бојан Стефановић || Камп жртва (1 еп. 2006)
|-
|Тамара Тамци || Лично (1 еп. 2006)
|-
|Слободан Ћустић || (1 еп. 2008)
|-
|Иван Џанкић || (1 еп. 2008)
|-
|Јована Божић || (1 еп. 2013)
|}
 Остале улоге ▼
|-
|Бојан Белић || Лично (сегмент "Београд некад и сад") (непознат број епизода)
|-
|Небојша Дугалић || (непознат број епизода)
|-
|Милан Лане Гутовић || Лично (непознат број епизода)
|-
|Петар Краљ || (непознат број епизода)
|-
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
< ALL THE NEWS
Marching into a heavy winter at least for the Eastern Alps and south Balkans, Mount Olympus is no exception to this reality. Polar temperatures and weather coming from the Arctic trademarked the last extended snowfall, which loaded the mountains of Greece with a meter of fresh snow. Southwest winds combined with low temperatures after early January's snowfall loaded the northern and eastern slopes even more.
Consequently, the avalanche danger on Mount Olympus flirts with number 5, as these words walk out of the keyboard. Sadly, this overall situation resulted recently in a fatal avalanche at Bansko ski center in Bulgaria and in a destructive one at Kalavryta Ski Center in Peloponnese. Snowpack conditions and low temperatures on Mount Olympus, still call for great caution as due to the low temperatures the avalanche danger is still very high, especially on the east and north facing slopes and couloirs.
Keeping in track with our 15-year long tradition, we announce the opening of refuge Christos Kakkalos from mid-March to early April. For the weekends of 23-25 March and April 4-5 the refuge is fully booked but for the rest of the days skiers from many destinations across Europe will be enjoying the white blanket of God's Alley.
The God's Alley (aka Plateau of Muses) with refuge Ch Kakkalos half buried from January's heavy dump. (Photo © Mike Styllas)
For reservation inquiries for this period, please use our website's Contact Form, or contact Alex (+30 6937 306019, +30 6937b361689), as Mike is searching for bacteria under the glaciers of New Zealand's Southern Alps.
Best Wishes for a safe and joyful winter season.
Refuge Ch. Kakkalos team


Native plant seeds are eco-sourced and propagated at the nursery, and then the seedlings are returned to the same district from which they came. Hundreds of species are grown, including those which are prime material for perfect penguin habitat – New Zealand flax/harakeke (Phormium tenax), lemonwood/tarata (Pittosporum eugenioides), black mapou (P. tenuifolium), cabbage tree/ti (Cordyline australis), mikimiki (Coprosma propinqua), ngaio (Myoporum laetum) and koromiko (Hebe salicifolia).
The nursery also grows the forest trees of totara (Podocarpus totara), rimu (Dacrydium cupressinum), miro (Prumnopitys ferruginea), matai (P. taxifolia) and kahikatea (Dacrycarpus dacrydioides). But it takes huge tenacity to germinate these future giants. It may take 18 months of watering and tender loving care before tiny leaf sprouts appear.
Propagation of extremely rare and endangered plant species is also a challenge met by the nursery. One recent example is the Cape Saunders rock daisy (Helichrysum selago), which has been grown from seed located with the help of a local farmer.
Restoration of riparian strips provides ecological and environmental benefits for integrated land use practices, and is the way forward for conservation. Planting fenced off riparian margins not only improves water quality, but the area is made more attractive, habitat is provided for birds and insects, and stock are provided with shelter and shade along the outer fence.
Download this PDF for helpful information on how you can get started rejuvenating a freshwater habitat in your community.
For detailed information on planting riparian strips, contact your regional council. For example, the Otago Regional Council has produced an excellent booklet, Environmental Considerations for Clean Streams: a guide to managing waterways in Otago.


text:
import unittest
from test.asserting.config_source import ConfigSourceAssertion
from vint.ast.node_type import NodeType
from vint.linting.config.config_toggle_comment_source import ConfigToggleCommentSource

class TestToggleConfigCommentSource(ConfigSourceAssertion, unittest.TestCase):
    def test_get_config_dict(self):
        expected_config_dict = {
            'policies': {
                'Policy1': {
                    'enabled': False,
                },
                'Policy2': {
                    'enabled': True,
                },
            },
            'source_name': 'ConfigToggleCommentSource',
        }

        node = {
            'type': NodeType.COMMENT,
            'str': ' vint: -Policy1 +Policy2',
            'pos': {
                'lnum': 10,
            },
        }

        config_source = ConfigToggleCommentSource()
        config_source.update_by_node(node)
        self.assertConfigDict(config_source, expected_config_dict)

    def test_update_by_node_by_no_switches(self):
        node = {
            'type': NodeType.COMMENT,
            'str': ' vint:',
            'pos': {
                'lnum': 10,
            },
        }

        expected_config_dict = {
            'policies': {},
            'source_name': 'ConfigToggleCommentSource',
        }

        config_source = ConfigToggleCommentSource()
        config_source.update_by_node(node)

        self.assertConfigDict(config_source, expected_config_dict)

    def test_update_by_node_by_single_switch(self):
        node = {
            'type': NodeType.COMMENT,
            'str': ' vint: -Policy1',
            'pos': {
                'lnum': 10,
            },
        }

        expected_config_dict = {
            'policies': {
                'Policy1': {
                    'enabled': False,
                },
            },
            'source_name': 'ConfigToggleCommentSource',
        }

        config_source = ConfigToggleCommentSource()
        config_source.update_by_node(node)

        self.assertConfigDict(config_source, expected_config_dict)

    def test_update_by_node_by_multiple_switches(self):
        node = {
            'type': NodeType.COMMENT,
            'str': ' vint: -Policy1 +Policy2',
            'pos': {
                'lnum': 10,
            },
        }

        expected_config_dict = {
            'policies': {
                'Policy1': {
                    'enabled': False,
                },
                'Policy2': {
                    'enabled': True,
                },
            },
            'source_name': 'ConfigToggleCommentSource',
        }

        config_source = ConfigToggleCommentSource()
        config_source.update_by_node(node)

        self.assertConfigDict(config_source, expected_config_dict)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Rage of Angels
Antonio Granelli died and Michael took over full control of his empire. The funeral was lavish, as befitted a man of the Godfather's stature. The heads and members of Families from all over the country came to pay their respects to their departed friend, and to assure the new capo of their loyalty and support. The FBI was there, taking photographs, as well as half a dozen other government agencies.
Rosa was heartbroken, because she had loved her father very much, but she took consolation and pride in the fact that her husband was taking her father's place as head of the Family.
Jennifer was proving more valuable to Michael every day. When there was a problem, it was Jennifer whom Michael consulted. Thomas Colfax was becoming an increasingly bothersome appendage.
"Don't worry about him," Michael told Jennifer. "He's going to retire soon."
The soft chimes of the telephone awakened Jennifer. She lay in bed, listening a moment, then sat up and looked at the digital clock on the nightstand. It was three o'clock in the morning.
She lifted the receiver. "Hello."
It was Michael. "Can you get dressed right away?"
Jennifer sat up straighter and tried to blink the sleep from her eyes. "What's happened?"
"Eddie Santini was just picked up on an armed robbery charge. He's a two-time loser. If they convict him, they'll throw the key away."
"Were there any witnesses?"
"Three, and they all got a good look at him."
"Where is he now?"
"The Seventeenth Precinct."
"I'm on my way, Michael."
Jennifer put on a robe and went down to the kitchen and made herself a steaming pot of coffee. She sat drinking it in the breakfast room, staring out at the night, thinking. Three witnesses. And they all got a good look at him.
She picked up the telephone and dialed. "Give me the City Desk."
Jennifer spoke rapidly. "I got some information for you. A guy named Eddie Santini's just been picked up on an armed robbery charge. His attorney's Jennifer Parker. She's gonna try to spring him."
She hung up and repeated the call to two other newspapers and a television station. When Jennifer was through telephoning, she looked at her watch and had another leisurely cup of coffee. She wanted to make certain the photographers had time to get to the precinct on 51st Street. She went upstairs and got dressed.
Before Jennifer left, she went into Joshua's bedroom. His night-light was on. He was sound asleep, the blankets twisted around his restless body. Jennifer gently straightened the blankets, kissed him on the forehead and started to tiptoe out of the room.
"Where you goin'?"
She turned and said, "I'm going to work. Go back to sleep."
"What time is it?"
"It's four o'clock in the morning."
Joshua giggled. "You sure work funny hours for a lady."
She came back to his bedside. "And you sure sleep funny hours for a man."
"Are we going to watch the Mets game tonight?"
"You bet we are. Back to Dreamland."
"Okay, Mom. Have a good case."
"Thanks, pal."
A few minutes later, Jennifer was in her car, on her way into Manhattan.
When Jennifer arrived, a lone photographer from the Daily News was waiting. He stared at Jennifer and said, "It's true! You really handling the Santini case?"
"How did you know that?" Jennifer demanded.
"A little birdie, counselor."
"You're wasting your time. No pictures."
She went inside and arranged for Eddie Santini's bail, stalling the proceedings until she was sure the television cameraman and a reporter and photographer had arrived from The New York Times. She decided she could not wait for the Post.
The police captain on duty said, "There're some reporters and television people out front, Miss Parker. You can go out the back way if you want."
"It's all right," Jennifer said. "I'll handle them."
She led Eddie Santini to the front corridor where the photographers and reporters were waiting.
She said, "Look, gentlemen, no pictures, please."
And Jennifer stepped aside while the photographer and television cameraman took pictures.
A reporter asked, "What makes this case big enough for you to handle?"
"You'll find out tomorrow. Meanwhile, I would advise you not to use those pictures."
One of the reporters called out, "Come on, Jennifer! Haven't you heard of freedom of the press?"
At noon Jennifer got a call from Michael Moretti. His voice was angry. "Have you seen the newspapers?"
"Well, Eddie Santini's picture is all over the front pages and on the television news. I didn't tell you to turn this goddamned thing into a circus!"
"I know you didn't. It was my own idea."
"Jesus! What's the point?"
"The point, Michael, is those three witnesses."
"What about them?"
"You said they got a good look at Eddie Santini. Well, when they get up in court to identify him, they're going to have to prove they didn't identify him because they saw his picture all over the newspapers and television."
There was a long silence, and then Michael's voice said admiringly, "I'm a son of a bitch!"
Jennifer had to laugh.
Ken Bailey was waiting in her office that afternoon when Jennifer walked in, and she knew instantly from the look on his face that something was wrong.
"Why didn't you tell me?" Ken demanded.
"Tell you what?"
"About you and Mike Moretti."
Jennifer checked the retort that rose to her lips. Saying It's none of your business was too easy. Ken was her friend; he cared. In a way, it was his business. Jennifer remembered it all, the tiny office they had shared, how he had helped her. I've got a lawyer friend who's been bugging me to serve some subpoenas for him. I haven't got time. He pays twelve-fifty for each subpoena plus mileage. Would you help me out?
"Ken, let's not discuss this."
His tone was filled with cold fury. "Why not? Everybody else is discussing it. The word is that you're Moretti's girl." His face was pale. "Jesus!"
"My personal life - "
"He lives in a sewer and you brought that sewer into the office! You've got us all working for Moretti and his hoodlums."
"Stop it!"
"I am. That's what I came to tell you. I'm leaving."
His words were a shock. "You can't leave. You're wrong about what you think of Michael. If you'll just meet him, you'll see - "
The moment the words were out, Jennifer knew she had made a mistake.
He looked at her sadly and said, "He's really wrapped you up, hasn't he? I remember you when you knew who you were. That's the girl I want to remember. Say good-bye to Joshua for me."
And Ken Bailey was gone.
Jennifer felt the tears begin to come, and her throat constricted so tightly that she could hardly breathe. She put her head down on the desk and closed her eyes, trying to shut out the hurt.
When she opened her eyes, night had fallen. The office was in darkness except for the eerie red glow cast by the city lights. She walked over to the window and stared out at the city below. It looked like a jungle at night, with only a dying campfire to keep away the encroaching terrors.
It was Michael's jungle. There was no way out of it.


I've talked a lot about effect size: what it is (here), how to calculate it (here, here and here), what to do with the result (here and here)…and then some about limitations (here). Overall, I've been trying to convince you that effect size is a sound (and simple) approach to quantifying the magnitude of CME effectiveness. Now it's time to talk about how it may be total garbage.
All this effect size talk includes the supposition that the data from which it is calculated is both reliable and valid. In CME, the data source is overwhelming survey – and the questions within typically include self-efficacy scales, single-correct answer knowledge tests and / or case vignettes. But how do you know that your survey questions actually measure their intention (validity) and do so with consistency (reliability)? CME has been repeatedly dinged for not using validated measurement tools. And if your survey isn't valid (or reliable), why would your data be worth anything? Effect size does not correct for bad questions. So maybe next time you're touting a great effect size (or trying to bury a bad one), you should also consider (and be able to document) whether you've demonstrated the effectiveness of your CME or the ineffectiveness of your survey.
Take the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) U course entitled: Assessment Principles, Methods, and Competency Framework. This is an awesome (daresay, the best) resource for anyone assessing knowledge and competence in medical education. Complete this course (there are 20 lessons, each under 30 minutes) and you'll be as expert as anyone in CME. You can register here. And it's free!
Check out Dr. Wendy Turell's session entitled Tips to Make You a Survey Measurement Rock Star during the next CMEpalooza (April 8th at 1:30 eastern). This is her wheelhouse – so steal every bit of her expertise you can. Once again, it's free.


text:
Q: How to sum up all rows total count? I'm using the following query, I need to show Grand Total count but it is throwing error like

Cannot perform an aggregate function on an expression containing an aggregate or a subquery.

SELECT
      ISNULL(OQ.GroupID,'') GroupName,
      CONVERT(VARCHAR, ISNULL(COUNT(CASE WHEN RequestStatusKey IN ( 1, 2 ) THEN OrderRecordID END), 0)) TotalRecord,
      SUM(COUNT(CASE WHEN RequestStatusKey IN ( 1, 2 ) THEN OrderRecordID END)) AS GrandTotal
FROM dbo.tblDesk OQ
WHERE OQ.RequestStatusKey IN ( 1, 2 )
      AND OQ.OrderTypeKey <> 1
      AND OQ.GroupID IS NOT NULL
GROUP BY OQ.GroupID
ORDER BY OQ.GroupID

I just need to Grand total.

A: As the error message suggests, you can not use aggregate function inside another aggregate function.
For your query to achieve SUM of OrderRecordId when RequestStatusKey IN (1,2) you can use SUM without using COUNT like this:
SUM(CASE WHEN RequestStatusKey IN (1,2) THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS GrandTotal

However, as Tim suggested, since you have already used RequestStatusKey IN (1,2) in your WHERE clause you don't need to use conditional SUM. Just use COUNT without condition:
COUNT(OrderRecordId) AS GrandTotal

UPDATE:
Since you want to show sum of the all rows count in the same result, you can use ROLLUP for that:
SELECT
      ISNULL(OQ.GroupID,'Grand Total') GroupName,
      CONVERT(VARCHAR, COUNT(OrderRecordID)) TotalRecord
FROM tblDesk OQ
WHERE OQ.RequestStatusKey IN ( 1, 2 )
      AND OQ.GroupID IS NOT NULL
GROUP BY ROLLUP (OQ.GroupID)
ORDER BY OQ.GroupID

See this SQLFiddle.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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This Square Projection Weld Nut is extremely versatile and will provide a robust spot weld connection in a wide range of applications and conditions. This weld nut is easy to use and works well in a wide range of production environments.
JHP Fasteners offers expert consultation on the use of these types of industrial fasteners. Our 40 years of active industry experience allows us to provide you with a full range of services. We provide all of our customers with competitive pricing, reliable delivery times, and an efficient shopping/buying experience.


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text:
DONATE ADOPTION PRE-APP
All God's Children
Giving hope. Changing Lives.
The Orphan Crisis
The 8 Million
The Cycle of an Orphan
Intervening for Orphans
Join Our Prayer Team
Become a Cycle Breaker
Sponsorship FAQs
Adoption Countries
How to Fund Your Adoption
Domestic Home Study
Why Everyone Should Go on a Christian Mission Trip
Kahlil and Kari Somera didn't think they could go on a Christian mission trip. The timing, the cost—it felt like it just wouldn't work. The Portland couple was in a time of transition. Kahlil had recently moved on from his job of eight years and was looking for something new to be passionate about.
On a whim, they decided to go to a missionary work inquiry meeting that was announced at their church. The Christian mission trip was originally planned for Belarus, but when they arrived at the meeting they discovered that the group would be headed to Ethiopia instead. "I just knew that God wanted me to go. I didn't think about it, I just said 'we're going,'" Kahlil said. His wife was also on board, "I was so excited because I've always wanted to go to Ethiopia and adopt from Ethiopia," Kari said. They committed instantly, without a plan for how to raise the $2,500 needed to reserve their spot. The Someras ended up raising close to $9,000 in the next month for their missionary work. "When you trust in God and lean on him, he will answer your prayers," Kahlil said.
While they both loved to travel, Kahlil had never traveled for missionary work before. He was excited to experience the culture and see what God had in store for them. This trip was also a very personal experience for Kari. While she had already traveled to China for a short Christian missionary trip, this would be her first time working with an orphanage. Kari spent three years of her life in an orphanage in South Korea before she and her younger brother were adopted at the age of 6. "I've always wanted to work with orphans. I know what it's like to watch other kids go home with their forever families and still be left there," Kari said.
The Someras traveled with members from their church, The Well Community Church with All God's Children International to Ethiopia in January 2014. The group began their missionary work in Addis Ababa where they brought donated supplies for the kids at Hannah's Hope. Next, they traveled to Mekelle where they worked to finish a school that had languished without funding since 2009. The framework was there, but the environment had become very dusty and unhealthy for the children. They worked with local craftsman to redo the flooring and paint the walls. Everything had to be done by hand. "It was pretty laborious. We hired two teenage boys to haul water from the river up to the school for mixing the concrete and that's what they did all day," Kahlil said.
While Ethiopia is a very poor country, the Someras were amazed by the sense of community and humbleness of the people there. "I fell in love with the people and the culture there. They are happy and always smiling. People are so grateful and appreciative," Kari said. Kahlil remembers the very humbly dressed local government officials that would often stop by at the school. He was shocked to see them pick up a shovel and start digging to help out. "The results at the end were beyond anything I could imagine. The relationship that we had with the community was incredible. We didn't talk to them about Jesus but they still saw God working through us," Kahlil said.
The Someras left Ethiopia forever changed. "It was really emotional for me, being an orphan myself," Kari said. Interacting with the children at Hannah's Hope in Addis Ababa deepened Kari's relationship with Jesus in that she was able to witness his love for the orphans. "I wanted all these kids to go home, but at the same time AGCI does such a great job. The kids are so loved and well taken care of. They are happy and know they are loved. I felt like I was able to visually see the importance of the calling."
Kahlil left Ethiopia with a heart opened to missionary work and a desire to encourage others. "I've learned one thing about mission trips; God is everywhere," Kahlil said. "I encourage everyone to just do it. Experience the power that God has in allowing you to go on a mission trip and just build relationships with good people."
To learn more about sponsoring a child in Ethiopia click here!
A Story of Love: Sponsorship Is Life Changing
Adoption Isn't Easy, But It Is Worth It
Download Free Information Packet
All God's Children International™ is a registered 501(c)3 nonprofit organization and all donations are tax deductible. EIN: 93-1052909.
1400 NE 136th Avenue, Suite 201 Vancouver, WA 98684
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text:
Q: Which of the following are true in topological spaces? Let  $T_1$ and $T_2$ be two topologies defined on $\mathbb{N}$ (the set of all natural numbers), where $T_1$ is
the topology generated by
$$B = \{\{2n-1, 2n\}: n \in \mathbb{N}\}$$
and $T_2$ is the discrete topology on $\mathbb{N}$. Consider the following statements:

*

*In $(\mathbb{N}, T_1)$  every infinite subset has a limit point.

*The function $f: (\mathbb{N}, T_1)\to (\mathbb{N}, T_2)$   defined by $$f(n)= \begin{cases} \frac{n}{2}, \ \ n\ \text{ even}\\\frac{n+1}{2}, \ \ n\ \text{odd}\end{cases}$$ is a continuous function.
Which of the above statements are TRUE?
My attempt: Since $\{1\}$ is an open set in $T_2$, so $f^{-1}(\{1\})= 1$ which is not open in $T_1$. Am I correct? What about first option?

A: You have that for your topological space $(\mathbb{N},T_2)$, the set
$$\mathcal{B}_2=\{\{n\}\mid n\in\mathbb{N}\}$$ i.e. the set of singletons in $\mathbb N$, forms a basis.

Note second, that for two topological spaces $(X,\mathcal T)$, $(Y,\mathcal S)$ with a basis $\mathcal B$ for $\mathcal S$, if a function $g:X\to Y$ satisfies that $g^{-1}(A)\in\mathcal T$ for every $A\in\mathcal B$, then $g$ is already continuous.
To see this, let $S\in\mathcal S$. Then $S=\bigcup\mathcal A$ for some $\mathcal A\subseteq\mathcal B$. Then $$f^{-1}[S]=f^{-1}[\bigcup \mathcal{A}] = \bigcup \{f^{-1}[A]: A \in \mathcal{A}\} \in \mathcal{T}$$ as it was supposed that $f^{-1}(A) \in \mathcal{T}$ for all $A \in \mathcal{B}$.

Thus, we just have to verify that $f^{-1}(\{n\})\in T_1$ for every $n\in\mathbb N$.
This however follows as if $f(x)=n$ for $x\in\mathbb N$, then either $x$ is even or odd. If $x$ is even, then $n=f(x)=x/2$, i.e. $x=2n$. If $x$ is odd, then $n=f(x)=(x+1)/2$, i.e. $x=2n-1$. Thus only $2n$ and $2n-1$ could map to $n$ over $f$ and you can verify that they also do map to $n$ over $f$.
Thus $f^{-1}(\{n\})=\{2n,2n-1\}\in B\subseteq T_1$ as of your definition for $B$.
So 2. is true.

A: We saw in the other answer that 2 is in fact true, $f$ is continuous.
But 1 is also true: suppose $A$ is a non-empty subset of $\mathbb{N}$ (in the topology $T_1$). If $2n \in A$, then $2n-1$ is a limit point of $A$, because every open set that contains $2n-1$ contains $\{2n-1,2n\}$ and so intersects $A\setminus \{2n-1\}$. And if some odd number $2n-1$ is in $A$ then by a similar reasoning $2n$ is a limit point of $A$ as well. And $A$ must contain an odd or even number (and so has a limit point).
So we have here an example of a limit point compact (also called weakly limit point compact in some books) space $(X,T_1)$ and a continuous function from $(X,T_1)$ onto $(X,T_2)$ where the last space is clearly not limit point compact at all, showing that this weak compactlike property is not always preserved under continuous images (unlike compactness, sequential compactness, Lindelöfness, strong limit point compactness and other such properties).


The eclectic cultural mix that the Portuguese and local strains create makes Goa unique, a state different from the rest of the states in India. Mingle in the riot of colours! Come to Goa and be a part of the festival of fun, - the Goa Carnival. The Goa Carnival, 2017 will be celebrated from 25th February to 28th February . The festivities and celebrations that continue for three days gift Goa a new life... so jazzy, so lively! The vibrant musical parades and lavish floats floats are the major highlights of the carnival. There is something about it that attracts innumerable visitors from far and wide.
The festive aura fills every corner of the state. Both men and women are elated. They put on fancy clothes and colourful masks and dance to the music that Romans earlier danced on.
Wake up with sounds of cymbals and bagpipers to see the parade making its way through the street. The state capital, Panjim brims with an escapable aroma of overwhelming fun. Live performances and dances that continue till the night add to the celebrations. The Red and Black dance is a perfect way to wind up the Carnival.
Witness a different carnival spirit altogether as you drift towards the villages of Goa. Within the rural areas you will see a group of village dancers 'mell' encircled around an oil lamp, shaking to the beats of the drums. They sing songs praising their ancestors. The loud and fast tempo of drumming makes the dance even more energetic. Doses of fenny increases the fun manifold.
The Goa Carnival is a much-awaited affair in Goa. Its preparations begin from the month of December itself. It is not only music and dance that makes the evenings flashy but some short plays are also composed and enacted.
Goa Carnival is now inseparable from the heritage of the state. The festival brings out the best of the vibrant culture of Goa.


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Home Oxford Placement Test
About the test Test format Results Case studies Buy the test
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"The Oxford Placement Test has been the favourite placement test in the Colombian Higher Education context for many years. It has provided institutions with accurate and reliable results for thousands of students."
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Test your students' English level quickly and easily with the Oxford Placement Test, which has helped place millions of students in the right class.
Suitable for students aged 16+.
100% online so students can take it at home or at school.
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Learning Management System makes it easy to set up tests and manage results.
Computer adaptive technology gives more precise results than traditional placement tests.
Results include CEFR level (Pre-A1 to C2), a score out of 120, and the time taken.
Report cards include results for each section, a score guide and information on communicative competencies.
Ideal for home use
The Oxford Placement Test is ideal for testing students who are studying remotely. Clear guides for teachers and learners provide step-by-step support through every stage of taking the test.
Taking the Oxford Placement Tests at Home Guidance for Teachers (PDF, 1 MB)
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What it tests
The Oxford Placement Test has two sections – Use of English and Listening.
The Use of English section assesses students' knowledge of grammatical form and vocabulary.
The Listening section assesses students' general listening ability.
Both sections test how well students understand the meaning of what is being communicated, which is an excellent indicator of general language ability.
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The test is available in British and American English in four different combinations: 100% British English, 100% American English or a mix. For total flexibility, you don't have to choose the combination until you set up the test.
The Oxford Placement Test is computer adaptive, which means that the test adjusts the difficulty of questions based on the student's responses. This makes it more motivating and ensures that it gives a more precise measurement than traditional placement tests.
Answers are automatically marked after each task, giving you an instant result once the test is complete.
Setting up a test
The Learning Management System (LMS) makes it easy to set up tests. You can:
create different placement groups or classes
specify a time or date range when the test must be taken
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print sign in slips to give to students
choose how long test takers have to complete the test (between 50-90 minutes), depending on their ability
get updates when test takers have completed their tests and see in real time which tests are in progress, have been submitted, or are yet to be started.
Set up tests in a few simple steps with the Learning Management System.
Students will need a computer with good internet access and headphones. For more details please see the System Requirements. If there is a break in internet connection during the test, the system will stop timing the test taker and continue when they sign in again to resume the test.


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Kanzi (born October 28, 1980), also known by the lexigram  (from the character 太), is a male bonobo who has been the subject of several studies on great ape language. According to Sue Savage-Rumbaugh, a primatologist who has studied the bonobo throughout her life, Kanzi has exhibited advanced linguistic aptitude.

Biography
Kanzi was born to Lorel and Bosandjo at Yerkes Field Station at Emory University in 1980. Shortly after birth Kanzi was stolen and adopted by a more dominant female, Matata, the matriarch of the group.

In 1985, Kanzi was moved to the Language Research Center at Georgia State University.  He was later relocated, along with his sister, Panbanisha, to the Great Ape Trust, in Des Moines, Iowa.  The ill-fated facility, founded in 2004 by local businessman, Ted Townsend, closed after losing funding, experiencing allegations of neglect, and  a flood.

In 2013, the Ape Cognition and Conservation Initiative (ACCI), under the direction of Jared Taglialatela, a professor at Kennesaw State University in Georgia, and Bill Hopkins, a professor at Georgia State University, took over the facility.

When the ACCI took over Kanzi's care in 2013, he was severely obese due to mismanagement of his diet and activity. His new caretakers changed Kanzi's diet to a more species-appropriate one and increased his opportunities for physical activity. Kanzi has since lost over seventy-five pounds.

As an infant, Kanzi accompanied Matata to sessions where Matata was taught language through keyboard lexigrams, but showed little interest in the lessons. It was a great surprise to researchers then when one day, while Matata was away, Kanzi began competently using the lexigrams, becoming not only the first observed ape to have learned aspects of language naturalistically rather than through direct training, but also the first observed bonobo to appear to use some elements of language at all. Within a short time, Kanzi had mastered the ten words that researchers had been struggling to teach his adoptive mother, and he has since learned more than 348, which he can also combine for new meaning.  When he hears a spoken word (through headphones, to filter out nonverbal clues), he points to the correct lexigram. He can initiate communication using the lexigrams.  Sue Savage Rumbaugh, in 2006, claimed Kanzi understands about 3,000 spoken words.

According to a Discover article, Kanzi is an accomplished tool user.

Kanzi's adoptive mother, Matata, was believed to be in her mid- to late- 40s when she died in June 2014. In the matriarchal society of bonobos, a male's position is primarily determined by the position of the females he is related to. Matata was the group's chief leader so his status as the highest ranking male was established by being adopted as her "son". According to Smithsonian Magazine, Kanzi "has the mien of an aging patriarch – he's balding and paunchy with serious, deep-set eyes." This description is confirmed by a full-page color photograph of Kanzi in the March 2008 National Geographic, and a full-page black-and-white photograph in Time magazine.

Examples of behavior and abilities

Kanzi's behavior and abilities have been the topic of research published in scientific journals, as well as reports in popular media.

Research programs

When he was eight years old, Kanzi was a subject of a research program in which his ability to respond to spoken requests was compared with that of a two-year-old human child called Alia. The study took nine months to complete. Kanzi and Alia were given 660 spoken instructions, asking them to deal with familiar objects in novel ways. Kanzi responded correctly to 74 percent of the instructions, Alia to 65 percent.

Another study, designed and carried out by archaeologists Kathy Schick and Nicholas Toth, aimed to compare Kanzi's cognitive and mechanical abilities with those of early human ancestors who made and used Early Stone Age tools (probably Homo habilis), such as Oldowan stone flakes and cores (a core is the rock from which a flake has been removed). In this study, Schick and Toth showed Kanzi how to flake stone, producing a sharp edge that could be used to cut through a rope in order to gain access to a food reward. After modeling the flaking behavior on a variety of occasions, the researchers set up each experiment by placing a food reward inside a box with a transparent lid which was held closed by a length of rope. Kanzi would then be led into an enclosure where the box was located and provided with the stones needed for flaking (known as chert or flint). Over the course of this multi-year study, Kanzi not only learned how to flake, he also developed his own method by throwing the cobbles onto hard surfaces to make a flake, as opposed to the hand-held percussion method that was modeled for him. With the many sharp flakes he produced, Kanzi was able to cut through the rope to gain access to the food reward. However, the flakes he produced and used were more crude than those produced by Early Stone Age humans.

A similar study on the flaking abilities of chimpanzees failed to recreate the findings with Kanzi. The authors suggest that the discrepancies in findings are due to the differences in rearing backgrounds of the subjects. Whilst Kanzi spent a significant portion of his life around humans and being trained by them (leading to a high level of enculturation), the chimpanzees in the recent study were not trained or demonstrated how to make or use flakes (or in any other human behaviours). This may explain why Kanzi was able to develop flaking after observing humans, and the chimpanzees in the recent study were not.

Anecdotes

Kanzi is recognized for his ability to "evoke absent objects, invent new formulas to describe elements whose names he did not know...he had a certain notion of time and seemed to understand another's point of view." The following are anecdotes, rather than experimental demonstrations.

 In an outing in the woods in Georgia, Kanzi touched the symbols for "marshmallows" and "fire". Susan Savage-Rumbaugh said in an interview that, "Given matches and marshmallows, Kanzi snapped twigs for a fire, lit them with the matches and toasted the marshmallows on a stick." The Telegraph has published photographs of Kanzi putting together a fire for food.
 Paul Raffaele, at Savage-Rumbaugh's request, performed a haka for the Bonobos. This Māori war dance includes thigh-slapping, chest-thumping, and shouting. Almost all the bonobos present interpreted this as an aggressive display, and reacted with loud screams, tooth-baring, and pounding the walls and the floor. Kanzi, who remained calm, communicated with Savage-Rumbaugh using bonobo vocalizations; Savage-Rumbaugh interpreted these vocalizations, and said to Raffaele, "he'd like you to do it again just for him, in a room out back, so the others won't get upset." Later, a private performance in another room was carried out.
 Savage-Rumbaugh has observed Kanzi in communication to his sister. In this experiment, Kanzi was kept in a separate room of the Great Ape Project and shown some yogurt. Kanzi made some vocalizations that his sister could hear; his sister, Panbanisha, who could not see the yogurt, then pointed to the lexigram for yogurt, suggesting those vocalizations may have meaning.
 In one demonstration on the television show Champions of the Wild, Kanzi was shown playing the arcade game Pac-Man and understanding how to beat it.

Language
Although Kanzi learned to communicate using a keyboard with lexigrams, Kanzi also picked up some American Sign Language from watching videos of Koko the gorilla, who communicated using sign language to her keeper Penny Patterson; Savage-Rumbaugh did not realize Kanzi could sign until he signed, "You, Gorilla, Question", to anthropologist Dawn Prince-Hughes, who had previously worked closely with gorillas. Based on trials performed at Yerkes Primate Research Center, Kanzi was able to identify symbols correctly 89–95% of the time.
Kanzi cannot speak in a manner that is comprehensible to most humans, as bonobos have different vocal tracts than humans, which makes them incapable of reproducing most of the vocal sounds humans can make. Nonetheless, it was noticed that every time Kanzi communicated with humans with specially-designed graphic symbols, he also produced some vocalization.  Later, it was discovered that Kanzi was producing the articulatory equivalent of the symbols he was indicating, although in a very high pitch and with distortions.

According to the research of Dr. Sue Savage-Rumbaugh, Kanzi "can understand individual spoken words and how they are used in novel sentences". For example, the researcher asked Kanzi to go get the carrot in the microwave, Kanzi went directly to the microwave and completely ignored the carrot that was closer to him, but not in the microwave. In another example, a researcher gave the task, "feed your ball some tomato". Alia, a human 2-year-old, did not know what to do, but Kanzi immediately used a spongy toy Halloween pumpkin as a ball and began to feed the toy.

Limitations
Although Kanzi is considered to be the best case for apes acquiring language-like capabilities, his sentences were not equivalent to that of a 3-year old child. His semantic, syntactic and morphological abilities showed significant differences. For example, Kanzi did not use the word "strawberry" the same way a human child would. When he used "strawberry" it could mean a request to go to where the strawberries grow, a request to eat some, it could also have been as a name, and so on.

Kanzi also showed no ability in the use of function words, nor could he make use of morphology, such as indicating the plural form of a noun. Lastly, Kanzi did not display recursion, meaning that there was an upper bound to the length of his sentences that cannot be exceeded.

See also
 Ape language
 Evolution of language
 Human Ape, a National Geographic documentary film
 List of individual apes
 Yerkish
Other animals used in language studies:

 Akeakamai
 Alex (parrot)
 Batyr
 Chantek
 Koko
 Kosik
 Nim Chimpsky
 Nyota
 Panbanisha
 Washoe

References

Further reading
 Joseph, John E., Nigel Love & Talbot J. Taylor (2001). Landmarks in Linguistic Thought II: The Western Tradition in the 20th Century (London & New York: Routledge), chapter 15: "Kanzi on Human Language".
 de Waal, Frans (2005). Our Inner Ape, .
 Raffaele, Paul (2006), "The Smart and Swinging Bonobo", Smithsonian, Volume 37, Number 8 (November 2006—a general article about bonobos).

External links

 60 Minutes Australia Talk to the Animals October 2011 featuring Kanzi

The Gentle Genius of Bonobos, TED talk in part about Kanzi
 Video documentary site by Sue Savage-Rumbaugh containing a documentary featuring Kanzi
 Speaking Bonobo article at the Smithsonianmag webpage

Apes from language studies
Ape Cognition and Conservation Initiative
Animal intelligence
1980 animal births
Individual bonobos


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Home > Student Financial Services > Eligibility & Policies > International Students
Intention to Apply for Financial Aid
An applicant must indicate the intention to apply for financial aid on the admission application (the Common Application). An applicant who does not indicate the intent to apply for aid cannot be considered for financial aid while enrolled at Mount Holyoke regardless of changes in financial circumstances. This policy also applies to applicants who indicate on the admission application that they plan to apply for financial aid but subsequently notify the Office of Admission or Student Financial Services that they no longer intend to apply for aid.
The Family Contribution
An international student's family contribution is determined at the time of admission. An international student does not re-apply for aid in subsequent years. The family contribution is calculated based on an assessment of the family's income and asset information and verified with documentation such as certified tax returns or certified letters from parents' employers, and bank statements.
After a review of the financial aid application, if the calculated family contribution is less than the cost of education, the student will be eligible for financial aid. Students whose family contribution is determined to be higher than the cost of education are not eligible for financial aid.
The family contribution that is finalized at the point of enrollment will be the same each year until graduation regardless of changes such as changes in family financial circumstances, currency fluctuations, or a younger sibling enrollment in college. Annual costs to the student in addition to the calculated family contribution include the cost of the annual student health insurance premium (approved health insurance is required of all students attending college in Massachusetts), travel costs, and, for those receiving a financial aid package, the difference between the standard work study offer of $2,400 and the estimated personal and book expenses of $2,000. (Note: The personal/book estimate as well as the packaged work-study is subject to change based on College policy).
The Financial Aid Package
A typical financial aid package consists of need based grant aid, a fixed-interest student loan and campus employment. Due to college financial aid policies, some aid packages may not include the maximum amount of student loan or campus employment each year. Please expect the student loan component of the package to increase at least $1,000 a year.
Grant aid, which does not have to be repaid, is drawn from College funds. Students should note that, according to U.S. tax regulations, any portion of a grant that covers all or part of residence hall and meal costs may be taxable and subject to tax withholding charged to the student's Mount Holyoke College bill.
A Mount Holyoke College Global Loan is included in most financial aid packages. The packaged loan amount increases approximately $1,000 each year.Total estimated student loan debt over four years ranges from $20,000 to $30,000.
The Global Loan is a College loan with an 8% interest rate. Interest on this loan accrues when repayment begins, which is six months after graduation, withdrawal, or a nonacademic leave of absence. Unlike grant funds, loan funds must be repaid, usually within the first ten years after leaving the College.
Campus employment may also be included in the financial aid package. To earn this income students work on campus approximately ten hours a week throughout the academic year and are paid biweekly. Earnings from campus employment are not applied directly to the tuition bill; rather, a paycheck will be issued for the hours worked and it is expected that earnings will be used for books and personal expenses.
Student jobs are available in residence halls, administrative offices, academic departments, the library, and the facilities management department. Students are responsible for securing a campus job and may do so using the Student Employment Database (JobX). Students receiving financial aid are given priority in hiring. Generally, international students are limited to working on the Mount Holyoke campus, with the exception of certain types of off-campus employment related to their studies and authorized in advance.
Requests for Reconsideration
If there are unanticipated, permanent, and significant changes in family financial circumstances, a request for reconsideration will be considered. Additional documentation will be required in support of the request.
Please note: requests for reconsideration cannot be considered, regardless of changes in family financial circumstances, if a student did not initially apply for financial aid before being admitted to the College.
Funding Limitations
Institutional funding for international students entering as first year students is limited to eight semesters. In addition, if an international student re-classifies by moving up a class year in order to graduate sooner, the student cannot receive financial assistance if the student decides to re-classify back to the original class year. Credits transferred to the College earned during a semester or year of study abroad or earned during an academic or non-academic leave will count toward the eight semester funding limit, whether of not financial aid from the College was provided for these credits. While Mount Holyoke welcomes students interested in earning a second bachelor's degree, candidates are not eligible for financial aid from the College.
Payment of Bill
The student bill is available online. Students, and any authorized users that they have set up, are notified monthly via email from Student Financial Services when the bill is ready to view. Students are encouraged to enroll parents/sponsors as authorized users. Notification for the fall semester tuition, room, board, and mandatory fees is emailed in early July and the bill is due July 31. The notification of spring semester charges is emailed in early December and the bill is due January 5. The health insurance fee is charged entirely with the fall semester bill and covers a full twelve month period. Students cannot move into residence halls or attend or register for classes until all semester fees have been paid (or until provisions for payment plans or loans have been approved). Campus charges for books, health services, parking, the equestrian center, the library, and course materials will be included on the bill as they occur. Payment is due at the end of each month.
The family contribution does not represent the family's comprehensive cost. Whether or not there is financial aid eligibility, the family will also be responsible for additional expenses as follows:
International students are required to carry the comprehensive health insurance policy provided by the College. The cost for the insurance coverage is determined annually.
Any costs associated with travel to and from campus.
Costs associated with obtaining the student visa. In general, international students must obtain a visa status that permits them to engage in baccalaureate-level study in the United States, obtain a U.S. Social Security Number, and work on campus. To obtain a visa, all foreign citizens must complete the Certification of Finances provided by the Mount Holyoke so that the College can issue the required I-20 form.
United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) regulations allow foreign citizens on student visas to work on campus only. There may be opportunities to do research and work with faculty on campus during the summer.
Semester Breaks
A student's financial aid package does not include funds to cover expenses during semester breaks in November, late December and January, and March. While opportunities are available to remain on campus during breaks, a student is expected to provide funds to cover the expenses during those periods when dining services are not available.
Certification of Finances
In order to obtain the 1-20 form, necessary to obtain a visa, all incoming international students who matriculate must complete the Certification of Finances provided by Mount Holyoke College. The form is updated annually in mid-March for the upcoming academic year.
Eligibility for financial aid for undergraduate students is contingent upon maintaining a satisfactory academic record according to the standards described in the Mount Holyoke College Bulletin and Course Catalog.
Students are expected to achieve a cumulative GPA of 2.0 and make consistent progress toward the degree by earning an adequate number of credits each semester. Students placed on academic probation are eligible for institutional aid the first and second semesters of academic probation. Students will not be eligible for institutional financial aid if they remain on academic probation for a third semester. Students will regain institutional funding after achieving satisfactory academic progress and removal from academic probation.
Appeal process for insufficient satisfactory academic progress
Students who lose financial aid due to not making satisfactory academic progress may appeal to have the aid reinstated. The appeal must include:
1. An explanation for not achieving the required GPA or earning the attempted credits.
2. A detailed plan listing how the required GPA and the attempted credits will be reached.
3. Support for the student's plan provided by an academic dean or the student's advisor.
Please email the appeal and supporting documentation to: SFS@mtholyoke.edu.
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Please review the policy information for non-need based aid awarded by the College.
Department of Education Information
The SmartStudent Guide to Studying in the USA
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Richard Petty Motorsports makes significant sponsorship gains for 2016
By Jerry BonkowskiJan 20, 2016, 5:47 PM EST
Richard Petty Motorsports made two significant sponsorship announcements Wednesday during NASCAR Media Tour in Charlotte.
The team announced that Smithfield Foods will sponsor Aric Almirola for 31 of this season's 36 points-paying races. Smithfield, which has been with Almirola since 2013, sponsored the team in 29 races last year. Also, Albertsons Companies and Shore Lodge will serve as co-primary sponsors for Brian Scott in 16 races. Both companies will serve as an associate sponsor for the remaining races.
Almirola's No. 43 is fully funded for the 2016 campaign. Sponsorship for the other five points-paying races will be from the U.S. Air Force, STP and the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services' "Fresh From Florida" campaign.
Scott's No. 44 is seeking a primary sponsor for 12 races. Twisted Tea will serve as a primary sponsor for three races, as well as associate sponsor for other races. Other primary sponsors on Scott's car will include GoBowling.com (number to be determined) and Goody's (two races).
RPM said it had renewed all existing partnerships from last season, while adding new partnerships for this season.
"It makes me proud that companies continue to see a return on their investment with us and are growing right alongside of us," RPM CEO Brian Moffitt said in a statement. "We are definitely making big strides to see that winning tradition of the Petty family return today, and I think that can happen this season."
Also, the team announced that unless additional sponsorship is forthcoming, it likely will not field a team in the Xfinity Series this season. Dakoda Armstrong drove for the team last year.
Follow @JerryBonkowski