All of the Pure-le Natural Stevias can be successfully used in recipes as they do not breakdown with heating. Simply choose the form (Concentrated Powder, Concentrated Liquid or Spoonable Stevia One to One TM) which best suits your cooking style and the finished item. You may easily alter your existing recipes with a few tips kept in mind.
Pure-le Natural is always looking for new recipes to put on our website and share with you. Please submit your favorite stevia recipes for us to include.
Here are some of our favorite recipes and some of our customer's favorites. If you would like to see your recipe here please send it to us.
Pure-le Natural is currently working on our own Stevia cookbook, incorporating many of our favorite recipes, tips, and tricks. In the meantime we have provided this section where you will find a constantly increasing selection of Stevia cookbooks, books on how to use Stevia in your diet as well as informative books on the history, cultivation, etc., of this wonderful herb.


text:
Expiring contract nothing to worry about says Bottas
Valtteri Bottas, Spanish GP 2019
© The Cahier Archive
Valtteri Bottas insists he has "nothing to worry about" despite heading into the delayed 2020 season without a contract in place for next year.
Mika Hakkinen, part of the Finn's management team, insists that the Mercedes driver has "prepared himself to a very high physical and psychological level" to take on Lewis Hamilton in 2020.
But there is speculation that 30-year-old Bottas will be replaced by George Russell for 2021.
"Sometimes it surprises me that although we haven't done any races, there is still this speculation," Bottas told the Finnish broadcaster C More.
"There has been a lot of movement in the other teams but there's nothing to worry about. Some teams or drivers may have different deadlines for when they need to make decisions and agreements whether there are races or not.
"As long as I can drive then let's see what happens."
Bottas has been linked with the works Renault seat set to be vacated by Daniel Ricciardo, but he insists that rumours like that are "just part of the sport".
Other stories for JUNE 26, 2020
FERRARI PLAYS DOWN 30HP AUSTRIA CAR UPGRADE
MCLAREN WILL NOT FREEZE SAINZ OUT IN 2020
BOTTAS, VERSTAPPEN TO ATTACK HAMILTON SAYS HAKKINEN
LATIFI BUYING WILLIAMS WOULD BE TERRIFIC
CHINA FIXED ON EXTENDED 2020 CALENDAR SAYS MARKO
SPA NOT GOING BACK ON GHOST RACE PLAN
MERCEDES' COWELL COULD SWITCH TO ASTON MARTIN
MCLAREN SWITCH DECISION WAS NOT EASY SAYS RICCIARDO
ALFA ROMEO WILL WAIT ON 2021 DRIVER DECISION

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
What You Need To Know About GMOs in 2 Minutes
March 26, 2016 / Ren
Congress Must Reject the DARK Act
#StopTheDARKAct 202-224-3121
"…food companies have fought mandatory disclosures as long as there have been food labels. Determined legislators and consumer advocates have always had to fight for labels designed to cure consumer confusion, including everything from "orange juice from concentrate" to "imitation crab." The same goes for state-mandated food label disclosures, which are clearly permitted under the National Labeling and Education Act. In this case, state GMO labeling laws are all virtually identical, so claims of a "patchwork" quilt are a (industry-engineered) red herring." Scott Faber
The Seeds of Vandana Shiva
August 20, 2015 / Ren
Do we want what we grow and what we eat to be determined by a few giant corporations whose first and foremost agenda is profit before people and planetary well-being?
Imagine a world where small farmers are respected as experts in the processes of nature and are honored as stewards of our arable land.
What about a world where farmers are no longer replaced by massive machines force-feeding toxic chemicals into vast monocultures of GMO seeds?
The film is important because Vandana Shiva articulately and scientifically presents the alternative: Ecological agriculture that restores biodiversity, organic seed freedom, healthy soil, fresh water and clean air.
http://kck.st/1N9AOkN
How did the willful daughter of a Himalayan forest conservator become the world's most powerful opponent of Monsanto? The Seeds of Vandana Shiva, a feature-length documentary, presents the remarkable life story of the Gandhian eco-activist and agro-ecologist, Vandana Shiva. A classic David versus Goliath tale, the film shows how Vandana, a brilliant scientist, became Monsanto's worst nightmare and a rock star of the international sustainable food movement.
Harvesting Profits
August 4, 2015 / Ren
Every day in America, as we consume whatever food we can access and afford, the system that supplies our sustenance is engaged in its own form of consumption. It feasts on human toil, commodifed animals, natural resources, and our own bodies. Food, one of the foundations of life, has become a hub of suffering and struggle.
Surveying the landscape of food, we find a long menu of problems, from farm closures to climate change. Corporate-patented genetically modified organisms (GMOs) threaten farmers, food democracy, and biodiversity. Honeybees, life-giving pollinators central to our food supply, are in mass decline from pesticides and other factors. In the United States and worldwide, hunger and malnutrition remain rampant—affecting nearly one billion people globally, and at least forty-five million Americans—even as United Nations data show we have more than enough food to feed everyone on the planet.
Read the full article (.PDF)
Why Ban Glyphosate?
On March 20 2015 the World Health Organisation's cancer agency IARC declared that glyphosate is a probable human carcinogen. IARC reached its decision based on the view of 17 top cancer experts from 11 countries, who met to assess the carcinogenicity of 5 pesticides.
Get informed, get tested, and protect yourself!
Over 80% of genetically modified (GM) crops grown worldwide are engineered to tolerate being sprayed with glyphosate herbicides. GM glyphosate-tolerant crops have led to a 239 million kilogram (527 million pound) increase in herbicide use in the US between 1996 and 2011, compared with the amount that would have been used if the same acres had been planted to non-GM crops. People and animals that eat GM glyphosate-tolerant crops are eating potentially high levels of Roundup residues.
Over 80% of genetically modified (GM) crops grown worldwide are engineered to tolerate being sprayed with glyphosate herbicides,1 the best known being Roundup. The herbicide kills all plant life in the field apart from the crop. These crops are known as glyphosate-tolerant or "Roundup Ready" (RR) crops.
The idea behind such crops was to simplify weed control for farmers. The farmer could douse the entire field with glyphosate herbicide, killing all weeds without killing the crop.
But this is not the way things turned out. Weeds have quickly become resistant to glyphosate herbicide through a process called selection pressure, in which only those weeds that tolerate the herbicide survive to pass on their genes. The resulting epidemic of glyphosate-resistant "superweeds" has caused huge problems for farmers in countries where glyphosate-tolerant crops are widely planted.


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Tesla is inlcuded in the list of U.S. companies that want their Chinese-made products or components to be excluded from the recently imposed 25 percent tariffs by the U.S. gonvernment.
The electric car maker has asked the Trump administration to exempt the Chinese-made car computer "brain" of its new Model 3 sedan from tariffs imposed in August, saying they threaten the electric carmaker's bottom line.
"Increased tariffs on this particular part cause economic harm to Tesla, through the increase of costs and impact to profitability," the company said in a request for tariff relief from the government, according to Reuters.
A new supplier "substantially increases the risk of poor part quality that could lead overall vehicle quality issues that would impact the safety of our vehicles and the consumer acceptance of the final product," Tesla added.
On Dec. 21, 2018, the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative released a Federal Register Notice to modify the Harmonized Tariff Schedule in order to grant nearly 1,000 product exclusion requests from tariffs that went into effect on July 6 on imports from China. The USTR plans to release information on additional decisions on product exclusion requests in the future. To view the updated index of product exclusions requests, click here.
Tesla appears in the list of inquiries, along with other car makes including No. 1 U.S. automaker General Motors Co., Nissan Motor Co and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles NV.
According to the USTR's document, Tesla's request is on "Stage 2", which denotes that they are in the stage where "initial Substantive Review of whether the exclusion request should be granted, based on the substantive criteria set out in the Product Exclusion Notice." Requests that pass the Substantive Review will proceed to Stage 3 for further review "based on consultations with U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP)".
Tesla has been aggressively cutting costs as it works to meet production goals for the Model 3, which has become a top-selling luxury sedan on the U.S. market alongside the larger Model S.
Tesla has also started taking orders for Model 3 in Europe and China.


I probably won't drink as much as Tom.
I don't really enjoy swimming with Tom.
I met somebody yesterday who knows Tom.
I'm not the one who's been hurting Tom.
It'll be very difficult to impress Tom.
You don't seem to be as talented as Tom.
You don't seem to be as artistic as Tom.
I wasn't able to do that as well as Tom.
I've spent the last three days with Tom.
The boy wearing the blue sweater is Tom.


Taylor Swift ended her US Leg of the 1989 Tour last night in Tampa, Florida and brought out a special guest, Idina Menzel! Swift dressed as Frozen's Olaf and Mendel came out as the character she voices in Frozen, Elsa. The two then serenaded the crowd with a rendition of Let it Go!
Watch it below (thanks to Musicb0x1 on Youtube)!
Discover Your Patronus at Pottermore – Take the Patronus Test!
Next story NEW Disney Parks Tsum Tsum!
Previous story Halloween Lights Dance to Disney Villains!


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My summer was an interesting, productive one, with some fun thrown in there right near the end. I started the summer working as a summer associate for a big employment law firm in Downtown L.A. The office was on the 63rd floor of the tallest building currently silhouetting Downtown's skyline – complete with marble countertops, mildly abstract art pieces, a fridge full of Le Croix flavored sparkling waters, and all the other accoutrements of corporate law firms. My work at the firm largely comprised of research projects for various lawsuits that the firm was defending. The research in and of itself allowed me to familiarize myself with the basics of employment law while assisting the associates and partners with tough and exceedingly narrow questions of law. The work was exciting at times and very educational.
Early in the summer, I represented one of my Juvenile Innocence and Fair Sentencing Clinic clients at the California Court of Appeal. The experience was invigorating as well as nerve-wracking. Luckily, with being employed full-time, I didn't have the opportunity to get too nervous about the oral argument that I was to deliver. The time crunch allowed me to hyper-focused on the work and ignore any developing fears about the prospect of arguing alone in front of a panel of judges. Ultimately, the process went smoothly, I argued the case competently, and a couple months later we found out that we prevailed on the matter. Our client's sentence was vacated with a remand to the trial court for a new sentencing hearing.
Like my past clinical work, the experience was extremely gratifying in a number of ways. I highly encourage anyone reading this to look into clinical work at Loyola; the programs are amazing and present extraordinarily unique opportunities to students.
I rounded out the summer with a brief but satisfying trip to Prague and Amsterdam with my wife. What a joy that was. We also found out the day before the trip that she is pregnant with our second child. This new one will be due right around spring semester finals in 2018. Yikes!


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Pierre Bayle
French literary history
16th century · 17th century
20th century · Contemporary
French writers
Chronological list
Writers by category
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Poets · Essayists
Short story writers
France · Literature
Pierre Bayle (18 November 1647 – 28 December 1706) was a French philosopher and writer best known for his seminal work the Historical and Critical Dictionary, published beginning in 1695.
Bayle was a self-pronounced Protestant, and as a fideist he advocated a separation between the spheres of faith and reason, on the grounds of God being incomprehensible to man. As a forerunner of the Encyclopedists and an advocate of the principle of the toleration of divergent beliefs, his works subsequently influenced the development of the Enlightenment.
1.1 Toleration
2 Editions
Bayle was born at Carla-le-Comte (later renamed Carla-Bayle in his honour), near Pamiers (Ariège), France, and was educated by his father, a Calvinist minister, and at an academy at Puylaurens. He afterwards entered a Jesuit college at Toulouse, and became a Roman Catholic a month later (1669). After seventeen months, he returned to Calvinism and fled to Geneva. There he became acquainted with the teachings of René Descartes. For some years he worked under the name of Bèle as a tutor for various Parisian families, but in 1675 he was appointed to the chair of philosophy at the Protestant Academy of Sedan.
In 1681 the university at Sedan was suppressed. Just before that event, Bayle had fled to the Dutch Republic, where he almost immediately was appointed professor of philosophy and history at the Ecole Illustre in Rotterdam. There he published his famous Pensées diverses sur la comète de 1680 in 1682, as well as his critique of Louis Maimbourg's work on the history of Calvinism. The great reputation achieved by this critique stirred the envy of Bayle's Calvinist colleague of both Sedan and Rotterdam, Pierre Jurieu, who had written a book on the same subject.
Between 1684 and 1687, Bayle published his Nouvelles de la république des lettres, a journal of literary criticism. In 1686, Bayle published the first two volumes of Philosophical Commentary, an early plea for toleration in religious matters. This was followed by volumes three and four in 1687 and 1688.
In 1690 there appeared a work entitled Avis important aux refugies, which Jurieu attributed to Bayle, whom he attacked with great animosity. After a long quarrel, Bayle was deprived of his chair in 1693. However, he was not depressed by this misfortune, especially as he was at the time engaged in the preparation of his massive magnum opus, the Dictionnaire Historique et Critique (Historical and Critical Dictionary), which actually constituted one of the first encyclopaedias (before the term had come into wide circulation) of ideas and their originators. The Dictionary, attempted to put forth Bayle's view that much that was considered to be truth was actually just opinion, and that gullibility and stubbornness were prevalent. The Dictionary would remain a highly important scholarly work for several generations after its publication.[1]
The remaining years of Bayle's life were devoted to miscellaneous writings, arising in many instances out of criticisms made of his Dictionary. He remained in Rotterdam until his death on 28 December 1706 and was buried there in the Waalse Kerk where Jurieu would be buried as well, seven years later. In 1706 a statue in his honour was erected at Pamiers, la reparation d'un long oubli ("the reparation of a long neglect"). In 1959 a street was named after him in Rotterdam.
Voltaire, in the prelude to his Poème sur le désastre de Lisbonne calls Bayle "le plus grand dialecticien qui ait jamais écrit".
The Nouvelles de la république des lettres was the first thorough-going attempt to popularise literature, and it was eminently successful. His multi-volume Historical and Critical Dictionary, however, constitutes Bayle's masterpiece. The English translation of "The Dictionary", by Bayle's fellow Huguenot exile Pierre des Maizeaux, was named by U.S. President Thomas Jefferson as one of the one hundred foundational texts that formed the first collection of the Library of Congress.
In his "Dictionnaire historique and critique" and "Commentaire Philosophique" he advanced arguments for religious toleration (though, like some others of his time, he was not anxious to extend the same protection to Catholics he would to differing Protestant sects). Among his arguments were that every church believes it is the right one so "a heretical church would be in a position to persecute the true church". Bayle wrote that "the erroneous conscience procures for error the same rights and privileges that the orthodox conscience procures for truth."[2]
Bayle was repelled by the use of scripture to justify coercion and violence: "One must transcribe almost the whole New Testament to collect all the Proofs it affords us of that Gentleness and Long-suffering, which constitute the distinguishing and essential Character of the Gospel." He did not regard toleration as a danger to the state, but to the contrary: "If the Multiplicity of Religions prejudices the State, it proceeds from their not bearing with one another but on the contrary endeavouring each to crush and destroy the other by methods of Persecution. In a word, all the Mischief arises not from Toleration, but from the want of it."[3]
Historical and Critical Dictionary (1695–1697; 1702, enlarged; best that of P. des Maizeaux, 4 vols., 1740)
Selections in English: Pierre Bayle (Richard H. Popkin transl.), Historical and Critical Dictionary – Selections, Hackett Publishing Company Inc, 1991. ISBN 0-87220-103-1.
Les Œuvres de Bayle (3 vols., The Hague)
^ Palmer, R.R.; Joel Colton (1995). A History of the Modern World. New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 301–302. ISBN 0070408262.
^ "Pierre Bayle", Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, updated 19 August 2008 http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/bayle/ Accessed 6 March 2011
^ Joseph LoConte, "The Golden Rule of Toleration", http://www.christianitytoday.com/ch/thepastinthepresent/historymatters/goldenrule.html Accessed 6 March 2011
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Elisabeth Labrousse, Pierre Bayle (La Haye: M. Nijhoff, 1963)
Elisabeth Labrousse, Bayle, trans. Denys Potts (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1983)
The Pierre Bayle Homepage
Pierre Bayle entry by Thomas M. Lennon in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
The Pierre Bayle Collaborative Translation Project
The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge
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Name Bayle, Pierre
Short description French writer and philosopher
Date of birth 18 November 1647
Place of birth Carla-le-Comte, near Pamiers (Ariège)
Date of death 28 December 1706
Place of death Rotterdam
Christian philosophers
Early modern philosophers
French philosophers
French Protestants
People from Ariège
People from Rotterdam
Pierre Jurieu
Pierre Bayle — Pierre Bayle, Porträt von Pierre Savart (1774) Pierre Bayle [bæːl] (* 18. November 1647 in Le Carla, heute: Carla Bayle, Département Ariège; † 28. Dezember 1706 in Rotterdam) war ein französischer Schriftsteller und Philosoph … Deutsch Wikipedia
Pierre Bayle — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Pierre Bayle (Carla le Comte hoy llamado Carla Bayle, 18 de noviembre de 1647 Róterdam, 28 de diciembre de 1706) fue un filósofo y escritor francés. Junto con Bernard le Bovier de Fontenelle, 10 años más joven que… … Wikipedia Español
Pierre Bayle — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Pierre Bayle (homonymie). Pierre Bayle … Wikipédia en Français
Pierre Bayle (philosophe) — « Pierre Bayle » redirige ici. Pour les autres significations, voir Pierre Bayle (homonymie). Pierre Bayle … Wikipédia en Français
Pierre Bayle, céramiste — Pierre Bayle (céramiste) Pour les articles homonymes, voir Pierre Bayle (homonymie) . Cet article fait partie de la série Céramique Catégorie:Céramique Portail Histoire de l art Pierre Bayle (né le 3 juin … Wikipédia en Français
Pierre Bayle (ceramiste) — Pierre Bayle (céramiste) Pour les articles homonymes, voir Pierre Bayle (homonymie) . Cet article fait partie de la série Céramique Catégorie:Céramique Portail Histoire de l art Pierre Bayle (né le 3 juin … Wikipédia en Français
Pierre bayle (céramiste) — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Pierre Bayle (homonymie) . Cet article fait partie de la série Céramique Catégorie:Céramique Portail Histoire de l art Pierre Bayle (né le 3 juin … Wikipédia en Français
Pierre Bayle (homonymie) — Pierre Bayle battant la diane Cette page d'homonymie répertorie différentes personnes partageant un même nom. Pierre Bayle … Wikipédia en Français
Pierre bayle (homonymie) — Pierre Bayle battant la diane Cette page d'homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom … Wikipédia en Français
Pierre Bayle (1783-1794) — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Pierre Bayle (homonymie) . Pierre Bayle, né le 2 février 1783 à Tourreilles et tombé au champ d'honneur le 1er novembre 1794 à Biure, près de Figueras, en Espagne, alors qu'il venait d'avoir… … Wikipédia en Français


We landed in Oklahoma City, and drove about an hour and a half away to Carnegie. Let me just fill you in on this little town. There is only a little over 1,500 people that live there, everyone knows everyone, and the most exciting thing to do (and, also one of my most favorite pastime memories) is go to the movie theater. So, of course we had to fit this tiny adventure in the schedule for one of the nights.
People come from all over to this little theater solely just for the popcorn, chili dog, and show coke. It's so much fun, and a perfect reminder of how much happiness can be found in the simplest of things. The movie was great, but even if it hadn't have been, I still would have thoroughly enjoyed each moment because of the precious, nostalgic atmosphere that overflows in that teeny building.
We spent three days in Oklahoma cleaning, reminiscing, and packing up the Uhaul. Then, at 6:30am on Friday morning, Dad and I hit the road for a cross (half of the country) road trip... which was sort of a dream come true.
Once again, the only bonus to waking up with the sun is the incredible sunrises and views of the magnificently beautiful rolling plains, so I'm really not complaining.
On day one of travel, we crossed half of Oklahoma, all of Arkansas, and made it to Memphis where we stayed for the night.
We stopped near Little Rock for a final lunch at Braum's.
Braum's is the ice-cream my mother constantly craved and devoured when pregnant with my brother (sole reason why he can't go a day without eating ice-cream to this day), and when I was growing up, it was the first place we would go to as soon as our feet hit Oklahoma soil. Best (fast food) cheeseburger and ice-cream in the entire midwest.
While in Memphis, Dad had made a few quirky plans for us that turned out to be one of the most fun things I've done in a while.
We parked the Uhaul truck behind the Peabody Hotel in downtown Memphis, went into the hotel lobby where I was incredibly surprised to see the centerpiece for the majestic lobby was a beautiful fountain adorned with several live ducks just splash-splashing all around. Dad explained that they are wild ducks that the Peabody staff keeps in the fountain during the day. They bring them out at 11am when they come down the elevator, waddle across a red carpet, and hop into the fountain. They stay playing in the fountain until 5pm when the red carpet in rolled back out, and they waddle back into the elevator for their ride up to their penthouse on the rooftop of the hotel.
All the children sit on the floor in awe of the ducks as the quack on down the red carpet, and all the people gather around with cameras in hand, snapping photos like paparazzi. It was the sweetest, cutest thing I've ever seen.
But, Dad insisted that he had heard it was one of the greatest in all of Memphis. We started with the famous "Sausage and Cheese" and I got BBQ Chicken Nachos. Two words that explain it all: Absolutely DELICIOUS!
all the way across Alabama.
a little crossword puzzles and storytelling.
and home was on the horizon.
"The Opposite of Loneliness" by Marina Keegan.
"Do you wanna leave soon? No, I want enough time to be in love with everything... And I cry because everything is so beautiful and so short."
Her life was too short, but so inspiring.
And, each one of those 1,070 miles were also too short. I loved every moment I got to spend with my handsome, funny, lovable Dad. I wouldn't have changed anything about this adventure except to make it last longer.
Everything about it was "so beautiful and so short".
If you ever have an opportunity to embark on an adventure, whatever it may be or however crazy it may seem, embrace it. Always, always, always live your life to the fullest. Like Marina, don't ever be ready to leave.
Spend time being in love. Because it is too short, but so beautiful.
Adventure is out there, now it's your turn to find it.


text:
Russia Has Started to Train Its Entire Military to Fight Drones
By Patrick Tucker Technology Editor Read bio
A demonstration of the Kalashnikov Rex-1
After Syrian insurgent groups attacked Russian forces in Syria, the Defense Ministry began laying plans for wide-scale response.
In 2014, Russian troops showed the world how to use small drones on Ukraine's battlefields, where they guided attacks on tanks and other vehicles. But the world, it seems, has learned quickly. The Russian military, having themselves been bloodied by off-the-shelf drones in Syria, has announced that all of its services will now be trained to fight them off.
Izvestiya reports that new tactics developed by the Defense Ministry to counter UAVs were tested by Russian warships in October wargames off the Crimean coast. During the exercise, drones attacked the naval vessels in patterns modeled after the ways Syrian insurgent groups have been using them.
While the U.S. military and others have developed tactics, techniques, and procedures to fight off drones, Russia is the first country to implement such training on such a wide scale. The move follows a January attack by anti-Assad forces on a Russian military base in Syria, using ten small drones modified to carry explosives.
Russian military officials frequently cite attacks by armed consumer drones flown by "terrorist" groups, said Samuel Bendett, a researcher at the CNA Corporation and a fellow in Russia Studies at the American Foreign Policy Council.
"This threat was judged to be great enough to introduce training to counter such small drones with small fires across so many Russian services – airborne troops, marines and land formations. The training will concern everyone in uniform - from a cook, medic and logistician to front-line forces," Bendett said.
He added that Russian troops may soon be equipped with rifle-like electronic-warfare devices that can disable a drone. Examples include the Pichal and Rex-1 unveiled at the recent Russian Army 2018 arms show.
Patrick Tucker is technology editor for Defense One. He's also the author of The Naked Future: What Happens in a World That Anticipates Your Every Move? (Current, 2014). Previously, Tucker was deputy editor for The Futurist for nine years. Tucker has written about emerging technology in Slate, ... Full bio
Senior Defense Officials Offer Dueling Pricetags for Space Force
North Korea's 'new weapon'; US to pull some troops from Africa; Russia cuts internet in restive region; Videos from D1 Summit; And a bit more.


text:
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What is synesthesia and what's it like to have it?
Synesthetes can taste sounds, smell colors or see scents, and research proves these people experience reality differently.
Some synesthetes feel music on certain parts of their bodies.
I know that the number four is yellow, but I have a friend who insists four is red.
She also says four has a motherly personality, but my four has no personality — none of my numbers do. But all of my numbers have colors, and so do my letters, days and months.
My friend and I both have synesthesia, a perceptual condition in which the stimulation of one sense triggers an automatic, involuntary experience in another sense.
Synesthesia can occur between just about any combination of senses or cognitive pathways
This is a synesthete's view of months
Synesthetes — or people who have synesthesia — may see sounds, taste words or feel a sensation on their skin when they smell certain scents. They may also see abstract concepts like time projected in the space around them, like the image on the right.
Many synesthetes experience more than one form of the condition. For example, my friend and I both have grapheme-color synesthesia — numbers and letters trigger a color experience, even though my experience differs from hers.
Because her numbers have personalities, she also has a form of synesthesia known as ordinal-linguistic personification.
Scientists used to think synesthesia was quite rare, but they now think up to 4% of the population has some form of the condition.
What's it like?
Even though his name isn't on the photo anywhere, this former president's name likely popped into your head.
David Eagleman, a neuroscientist and director of the Laboratory for Perception and Action at the Baylor College of Medicine, isn't a synesthete, but he often uses this analogy to explain the phenomenon.
When you see the photo above, you likely think "President Barack Obama" even though those words aren't written anywhere on the picture. Your brain automatically and involuntarily makes that connection, much like my brain makes a connection between the number four and the color yellow.
"It's not the same as a hallucination," Eagleman explains in the documentary "Red Mondays and Gemstone Jalapenos." "It's not actually interfering with their ability to see, so in that same way, you could picture a giant orange pumpkin sitting in front of you, but that doesn't prevent you from seeing through that and past that."
Synesthesia is a sensory phenomenon that's unrelated to memory, so if you're not a synesthete, you could teach yourself to associate a color with a certain number for example, but your brain wouldn't respond the same way a synesthete's would.
Grapheme-color synesthetes associate certain colors with specific numbers.
For instance, someone without grapheme-color synesthesia would have a more difficult time picking out the black twos from the black fives in the image on the right.
However, if your numbers have colors, you'll see the triangle of twos almost instantly.
But this task may be even easier for some grapheme-color synesthetes.
Daniel Smilek, a psychology professor at the University of Waterloo, has identified two groups of synesthetes among those who associate colors with letters and numbers. There are projectors, those whose colors fill the printed letter in front of them, and associators who see the colors in their mind's eye, like I do.
What about people who can hear silent videos?
Synesthesia doesn't just apply to people who associate certain colors with images. Some people have the ability to hear sounds in videos when there is actually no sound being played.
Psychologist Chris Fassnidge calls this phenomenon "visually evoked auditory response" (vEAR). While it's technically not synesthesia, Fassnidge believes it's a new form that warrants further study. "Some people describe it as a buzzing sound in their head," Fassnidge told Vox. "For other people, it's kind of like a white noise. And then other people say it varies depending on what it is they are looking at."
A 2008 study in Current Biology suggests that vEAR is fairly common — affecting 20 to 30 percent of people — and many people may not realize they are associating faint sounds with imagery.
"A lot of people don't realize they have this thing until you start testing for it in the laboratory," Fassnidge said. "Maybe because they co-occur so frequently you either aren't aware of the mental sound until you strip away everything else."
What causes it?
About 40 percent of synesthetes have a first-degree relative with synesthesia, and many synesthetes recall having synesthesia as long as they can remember.
"I was definitely playing with it when I was 5 or 6 years old because I remember raiding my parents' record cabinet, searching for records that I liked to listen to for colors," said Sean Day, a synesthete who associates colors with both sounds and tastes.
A 2018 study in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences conducted by scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics and the University of Cambridge analyzed DNA samples from several families who have multiple generations of synesthetes. They concluded that while the families differed in DNA variations, there was one commonality: There was an enhancement of genes involved in cell migration and axonogenesis, a process that enables brain cells to wire up to their correct partners.
"This research is revealing how genetic variation can modify our sensory experiences, potentially via altered connectivity in the brain," Professor Simon Baron-Cohen stated in the study. "Synesthesia is a clear example of neurodiversity which we should respect and celebrate."
Other experts believe everyone may be born with the ability to experience synesthesia.
Daphne Maurer, a psychologist at McMaster University, has speculated that all of us may be born with the neural connections that allow synesthesia, but that most of us lose those connections as we grow.
Eagleman acknowledges there may be synesthetic correspondences in the brains of non-synesthetes, but that people are unaware of them until they're teased out.
Which of these shapes is named Booba and which is named Kiki?
He points to something called the bouba/kiki effect as an example. When asked to choose which of two shapes on the right is named "bouba" and which is "kiki," most people choose kiki for the angular shape and bouba for the rounded one.
Research also shows that people are likely to say that louder tones are brighter than soft ones and that darker liquids smell stronger than lighter ones.
In his book, "Wednesday Is Indigo Blue," Eagleman says these examples prove that these analogies are actually "pre-existing relationships."
"In this way, synesthetic associations our ancestors established long ago grew into the more abstract expressions we know today — and this is why metaphors make sense," he writes.
However, synesthesia differs from these examples in that the sensory experience triggered is automatic and unlearned, making it different from metaphorical thinking.
"It's a genuine phenomenon, and people who have it are actually experiencing the world differently," Eagleman said.
How is it tested?
Synesthetes have increased activation in the visual areas of the brain in response to sound.
Consistency is one of the best ways to test for synesthesia.
"If you tell me that your letter 'J' is a very particular shade of powder blue … I can test you on that and have you identify exactly the shade that best matches," Eagleman said. "If you're just being poetic or metaphorical or making something up, then you can't capture those colors again. But if you're really synesthetic, then you'll be able to pick exactly those colors out years later."
Researchers are taking this approach to look at synesthetes' brains. Using positron-emission tomography and functional magnetic resonance imaging, they've found that people who report seeing colors in music, for example, have increased activation in the visual areas of the brain in response to sound.
Pictured above, for example, are the regions of the brain that are thought to be cross-activated in grapheme-color synesthesia.
The pros and cons
Some synesthetes say their condition can be uncomfortable at times. For example, seeing words printed in the wrong color can be strange, or certain names may taste bad to a synesthete. Others report suffering sensory overload or feeling embarrassed at a young age when they describe experiences they didn't know were atypical.
However, most synesthetes think of their abilities as a gift and wouldn't want to lose them.
"You've experienced extremely unpleasant odors," Day points out. "Do you want to permanently lose your sense of smell?"
To the author, this is what numbers look like.
There may also be some benefits to being a synesthete, such as an ability to discern similar colors and easily memorize information. For example, I might not remember a digit in a phone number, but I'll have an impression of green and therefore know the mystery number is six. (Some of my numbers are pictured above, as depicted by the Synesthesia Battery.)
In 2005, Daniel Tammet set the European record for pi memorization by memorizing 22,514 digits in five hours. He attributed the feat to his ability to see numbers with color, texture and sound.
There's also evidence that synesthesia may enhance creativity. A 2004 study at the University of California had a group of students take the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking. The synesthetes who took the test scored more than twice as high in every category.
In some instances, the neurological condition has even led to unique job opportunities. Some car manufacturers, for example, are hiring synesthetes to help designers create cars that are more pleasing to potential drivers.
And synesthetes keep good company. The list of known synesthetes is long and includes Vladimir Nabokov, Vincent Van Gogh, Marilyn Monroe, Billy Joel and Mary J. Blige.
Musician Pharrell Williams associates music with colors and says he can't imagine life without this "gift."
"If it was taken from me suddenly I'm not sure that I could make music," he told Psychology Today. "I wouldn't be able to keep up with it. I wouldn't have a measure to understand."
If you think you may be a synesthete, you can take the Synesthesia Battery created by Eagleman's lab. For a different approach, you can look at What Color is Your Name, a site created by a grapheme-color synesthete named Bernadette who started the project to help explain how her brain responds when she learns someone's name.
You can also learn more about synesthesia and Eagleman's research in the video below.
Editor's note: This article has been updated since it was originally published in October 2014.
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By Laura Moss	/ Journalist
I write about a variety of topics for MNN with a focus on animals, science, language and culture. But I mostly write about cats.
(Source: mnn.com; February 13, 2020; https://tinyurl.com/yd4cgwzs)
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*Just Added*Stream Crazy Love [No DJ], the newest drop from Ne-Yo which features Fabolous. The cut was released on Thursday, September 30th, 2010.
Listen to Crazy Love [No DJ], the latest track from Ne-Yo, featuring Fabolous. The cut dropped on Thursday, September 30th, 2010. Ne-Yo's future brightens with every new release, and Crazy Love [No DJ] certainly isn't an exception. It's a fitting addition to a solid catalogue that Ne-Yo has been developing since stepping foot in the game. We're excited to hear more.
Hear more of Ne-Yo on Telekinesis. If your interest is piqued, hit up Ne-Yo's profile for more info, news, songs, and mixtapes.


Like many of today's most successful companies—Facebook, Microsoft, Google, and WordPress, to name a few—Rough Draft Ventures (RDV) was founded at a college.
But, for Rough Draft, college is more than just the place where the idea was born; campuses are where the idea thrives.
RDV is a team of students backing fellow students at the earliest stages of their ventures: the "rough draft," so to speak. This peers-funding-peers model gives young entrepreneurs access to equity-free capital and resources, and gives students access to learning about the VC industry. Above all, it encourages entrepreneurship and creates a community of student founders that have gone on to launch successful ventures after graduation.
For Rough Draft's co-founder Peter Boyce II, it began at Harvard.
That thought dovetailed into the creation of Rough Draft Ventures during Boyce's senior year. Backed by General Catalyst, RDV provides student entrepreneurs with funding of up to $25,000 to work on their ventures and has funded more than 100 startups to date. Beyond the capital, Rough Draft offers a network of support and connectivity that Boyce believes is crucial for first-time and early-stage founders.
Starting at the foundation, Rough Draft provides portfolio companies with early legal and financial support and connections to the fund's full suite of partners, including HubSpot, WeWork, and Silicon Valley Bank. These resources and partnerships enable teams to accomplish more without having to spend additional capital. Founders also can connect with Rough Draft's impressive array of mentors to chat fundraising, press, and product launches. And, if advice is needed, Boyce's team can help make the connection.
Rough Draft's portfolio founders stay connected via a slack group, sharing best practices, advice, and opportunities with one another. When not busy building a company and being full-time college students, founders gather for breakfasts and community events, where they hear from special guests, local founders, and investors. It's all about facilitating the connections that make venture success—now and in the future—possible.
And, Rough Draft's formula for support and success works. LovePop appeared on "Shark Tank." Mark43, one of the first companies RDV backed, has a team of more than 80 people and raised more than $40 million in capital.
Rough Draft's portfolio is full of success stories like those of LovePop and Mark43. Success that started with discovery and funding, thanks to Rough Draft's team of students in Boston and NYC.
Student team members listen to pitches—companies apply to pitch through Rough Draft's website—at weekly Monday meetings during the academic year. While listening, they're evaluating factors such as market share and pricing models. Student team members decide whether to award funding based not only on the idea, but also how the company fits into RDV's portfolio, and how it would benefit from the resources and mentorship the fund provides.
Startup experience helps, too. Understanding the startup community means student investors are empathetic, and have a set of experiences they are excited to share with others. Finally, Boyce is looking for diversity in his investors—diversity of experience, background, education, and focus. This year's Boston and New York City teams are stacked with investors from 10 colleges earning undergraduate or advanced degrees in computer science, marketing, even biomedical engineering. More than one-third of the team is female.
Getting his feet wet includes getting practical experience that supplements his college classes. Yes, Tu is learning about sourcing teams, evaluating business models and making investment decisions in class, but with RDV, he's actually doing those things. The student becomes the practitioner.
Boyce believes giving a diverse group of students experience as VCs will have substantial downstream impact, too. It's no secret the venture capital industry could be more diverse. In 2014, Babson College's Diana Project research found that only 6 percent of partners in VC firms were women. In 2015, The Information and Social Capital found that less than 1 percent of senior VCs involved in investment decisions were black and only 1.33 percent were Hispanic.
Having established student teams and founder networks in both Boston and New York, the Rough Draft team is brewing up new ideas that continue to empower young founders—even those who haven't developed an idea yet.


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Check Out These Rare Infrared Images Of A Minuteman III ICBM Blasting Off
The Air Force released the images a day after it formally hired Northrop Grumman to build its next ICBMs.
byJoseph Trevithick| UPDATED Nov 27, 2020 6:24 PM
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The U.S. Air Force has released rare shots of an LGM-30G Minuteman III intercontinental ballistic missile shortly after launch during a recent test launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base. This comes as the Air Force is celebrating the 50th anniversary of these missiles entering service this year and just a day after formally awarding Northrop Grumman a contract to continue development and eventually build the Minuteman III's replacement, known as the Ground-Based Strategic Deterrent.
Air Force Global Strike Command (AFGSC), which oversees America's intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) force, which is presently made up entirely of Minuteman IIIs, released the pictures on its Facebook page on Sept. 9, 2020. A camera team at Vandenberg captured the infrared images during a scheduled test launch of an LGM-30G from that base on Sept. 2.
"We just had to share these amazing shots of our #MMIII operational test launch on Sept. 2 taken by the optics camera team at Vandenberg Air Force Base!" AFGSC's brief Facebook post read. "It's not often you see shots like these!"
"Not often" is something of an understatement. Official images of this quality showing one of these missiles in flight are very rare. Typically, after Minuteman III tests, the Air Force only releases pictures and video of the missile leaving the silo and streaking across the sky. Since these launches are almost exclusively conducted at night, the imagery generally does not provide much in the way of detail.
However, the Air Force had already released video footage of the Sept. 2 test showing more of the initial flight than usual. It's not immediately clear why there has been this apparent push to provide more visuals surrounding this particular launch.
The Sept. 2 test involved the launch of a missile with a single reentry vehicle. The reentry vehicle came down approximately 4,200 miles away from Vandenberg at Kwajalein Atoll in the Marshall Islands in the Pacific. "These test launches verify the accuracy and reliability of the ICBM weapon system, providing valuable data to ensure a continued safe, secure and effective nuclear deterrent," the Air Force said of this particular launch.
This followed a more uncommon test launch in August involving a Minuteman III in a Multiple Independent Reentry Vehicle (MIRV) configuration with three reentry vehicles, as it was originally designed to carry. All operational LGM-30Gs are presently equipped with a single reentry vehicle only as a result of various arms control agreements, which you can read more about in this past War Zone piece.
2020 does mark 50 years in service for the LGM-30G, the first examples of which were operationally deployed in 1970. The annivarsary has put an additional focus on these missiles. The Minuteman III was the first MIRVed ICBM to enter service anywhere in the world.
In addition, on Sept. 8, 2020, the Air Force declared Northrop Grumman to be the formal winner of the Ground-Based Strategic Deterrent (GBSD) competition, awarding it a deal worth more than $13 billion. This company had been the only remaining contestant after Boeing dropped out of the running last year.
Boeing's decision, along with the factors that led up to it, had prompted criticism, including from members of Congress who warned that having just one bidder could lead to increased costs. The total cost of replacing the Minuteman IIIs with new GBSD missiles, which have been tentatively designated YLGM-182As, is estimated to be around $100 billion, including various ancillary spending, such as infrastructure improvements.
An artist's conception of Northrop Grumman's GBSD ICBM., Northrop Grumman
This is just one part of a broader and potentially budget-busting nuclear modernization push across the U.S. military, which you can read about in more detail in this previous War Zone piece. The ICBM leg of America's nuclear deterrent triad, also known as the "nuclear sponge" since it is meant to "soak up" incoming nuclear strikes, forcing an opponent to commit multiple warheads to each silo and hardened command bunker, is already, at best, a controversial part of the U.S. defense budget, as The War Zone
has explored in the past.
All of this also comes as the U.S. government continues to negotiate with its Russian counterparts about the future of the New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (New START), which is set to expire next year if the two sides can't agree on terms to extend it. The United States is looking to bring China, which is expanding its nuclear and ballistic missile capabilities, into any future agreement, as well.
An LGM-30G Minuteman III missile in its silo., USAF
The end of New START would open the door for dramatic changes in America's nuclear arsenal, broadly. For the ICBM force, this might lead to re-MIRVing of the Minuteman IIIs or a change to the planned configuration of the GBSD. The latter missiles are slated to begin replacing the existing LGM-30Gs starting in 2029.
Whatever the case, the Air Force has clearly been particularly keen recently to highlight the existing Minuteman IIIs, including with rarely seen imagery of the missile in flight.
Contact the author: Joe@thedrive.com


A recent review examines the newest play, "Kol Nidre" by Yehoshua Sobol. Sobol's plays have often elicited a passionate reaction, and this one is no different. In it, two haredi men are "… supposed to be attending their rebbe's Friday night tish. As it turns out, they're living a double life, dutiful husbands and yeshiva scholars by day and eager initiates into the secular world on Friday and other nights." When one of the two confesses to his pregnant wife about his deception, the entire construct of their lives begins to fray.
We have written often about the various dualities in our lives – as Jews and as human beings. There is the "black and white" of right and wrong, of good and bad, of sacred and profane but the truth is, even with these powerful and clear dualities, existence is hardly so clear cut.
Abraham was a righteous man.
Enigmatic? Why such a distinction? Simply, we see in Lot a person in constant tension between his sense of "righteousness" and his baser instincts. As Rabbi Gefen points out, he was one of the few to accompany Abraham on his journey, answering with his uncle the call to leave the land of his birth and his family. Even a deep love and respect for his dear Uncle Abraham would not have been enough to prompt him to embark on that frightening journey. To leave all that he knew behind demanded a tremendous faith. What's more, the Torah shows that he is clearly a good and kind man, going so far as to risk his life in Sodom to defend and to host strangers in his home. The sages compliment him for his discretion in not revealing that Sarah was Abraham's wife. We learn from them that he even eats matzah on Pesach!
If only any of us could accrue such instances of righteousness in our own lives!
If only such instances of righteousness told the whole story!
Who could make such a statement! What makes it even more difficult for us to comprehend from Lot is that our texts and our traditions make clear that even after making it, he continued to recognize that God was the true God. How could someone who makes such a statement play such an integral part in King David's ancestry and the line leading to the Messiah?
Both willing and reluctant. Push and pull. He knew the truth and embraced it. And yet, he also resisted. He was a spiritual man who knew the true God and he loved money. The duality was not one or the other; it was one and the other!
Poor Lot. He struggles with such terrible inner conflict. Should he stay in Abraham's world or give himself wholly to the world of pleasure, money and lust? He is pulled – torn – in in both directions. But, ultimately, despite the logic of staying in Abraham's world, he leaves and ends up in Sodom. He is seduced by the bright lights and allure of the city and all that it represents.
How different we would act! Imagine to be in the presence of Abraham Avinu and voluntarily walk away!! It's inconceivable!
Is the tension to which he succumbed really any different than what we all see and experience in our own lives? Are the enormous inner conflicts and battles he fought any different than those being fought by yeshiva bochurim in our own frum society?
Of course not. I see people like Lot all the time, young – and not so young – men born and bred in Williamsburg, Boro Park and other Abrahamic communities who are seduced willingly and not-so-willingly by contemporary Sodoms; who find themselves in constant battle.
Levi Brackman in an October 2013 edition of The Times of Israel wrote an article entitled, "Frum and Stuck". In it, he writes about people, "… within the Orthodox community who conclude that they can no longer live in accordance with the dogmas and practices of their native community…" Like Lot, they can no longer live within the community but they cannot fully quit it either.
Where are they to live? What are they to do?
The men I meet who are, indeed, "frum and stuck" confess that they cannot totally quit and remove themselves from their natural habitat for "social reasons". How can they, they ask with haunted eyes, divorce themselves from their parents? Their siblings? Their wives and children? Their grandchildren!
So, what do they do? They go through the motions. They continue to appear as though they are devoted to their community and to the mores and practices of Orthodoxy. On the outside they appear to be as frum as ever. But on the inside they are disintegrating.
They daven in the morning and then, before coming home from work, stop at a bar or worse. Their religious garb no longer seems to fit, not because it is the wrong size but because it proclaims – at least to them – the constant lie they are living. It is not the clothes that no longer fit; it is that they no longer reside in their own skin!
It would be easy to judge these people harshly. It would also be hurtful and unfair. It is not necessary to excuse or justify these actions to appreciate how difficult and damaging the consequences of their double life are. The psychological stress alone has to be nearly overwhelming.
Those who strive to unite body and soul in a spiritual unity know how hard that endeavor is. Imagine how much harder it is to live a life that is constantly at war with itself! The inner turmoil must roil them every waking and sleeping moment!
They are torn by genuine, if confused and contradictory, feelings. They hold a real reverence for some of the founders and leaders of their communities and revulsion for many of the current leaders. They are deeply immersed in Torah knowledge, many having studied for hours upon hours in shiur and yeshiva and invested great energy in those studies. Still, they have rebelled and rejected the basic conclusions of morality, integrity and family life the Torah lessons teach.
I had taken issue with Rabbi Geffen's use of the passive voice in describing Lot's choice in Sodom. He had made many determined decisions that led him to that night. But, like his modern emanations, his decisions were not motivated by evil or disrespect. He was, in fact, deeply drawn. Seduced. Despite being rooted in Abraham's tent, he saw not God's light shining brightest but those of Sodom.
What allows the soul to be drawn away from Abraham's tent?
One needs sympathy and ahavas yisrael to not just be revolted and turn one's back on these truly conflicted souls, for whom the material world is so alluring that they are blinded to the beauty of the spiritual one. The truth is, that in the very communities which they are quick to criticize and reject, their leaders do "count them out". The leaders of these communities are quick to turn away from these "modern Lots". They reject them forcefully and completely, without remorse or conflict.
We have spoken often of OTD Jews and how their families and communities shun them. As difficult and painful as it might be for us to acknowledge the challenge their existence causes, let us acknowledge that there are reasons, circumstances, and explanations as to why these Lots ended up in Sodom.
Her chesed and joy should be a lesson to us all.
Yes, Lot could be challenging and irritating. By his very existence he seems to besmirch all that we hold dear. And yet, Henny Machlis taught that such sentiments are certainly logical and sound but to her dear soul they missed the point.
Abraham chased the Five Kings as far as Dan to save Lot. Should we do any less?


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Inflammation of the air sacs in the lungs, Pneumonia is a lung infection that is caused by caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, or parasites. Even though not many people are prone to get it, there are some people who are under the risk of getting it. Such people must take pneumococcal vaccines in the prescribed manner in order to avoid problems in the future. Mostly, people over the age of 65 have very higher risk of getting deadly pneumonia. Also, people with a weak immune system, alcoholics, smokers and people have gone through surgeries are also under risk of getting pneumonia. But older people (65 years or older) are always recommended to receive the vaccine. Pneumococcal vaccines, generally, have little or no side effects at all. In case side effects show up, they are very mild and do not disrupt any daily works of a person getting a pneumococcal vaccine.
PCV13 (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine) and PPSV23 (pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine) are the two types of vaccines used to prevent any risk of getting pneumococcal disease. PCV13 dose is received first. It is at least a year later that PPSV23 is to be taken. In case a person already had a dose of PVC13 anytime in the past, there won't be a need to take it again. Even though these vaccines do not have severe side effects, people who already had an allergic reaction to PCV7 or any earlier dose of vaccine must not go for PVC13. Similarly, anyone who has had an allergic reaction to PPSV23 or any of its components must also not receive it. Another care that is to be taken is that both PVC13 and PPSV23 must not be taken together. They must always be taken in the recommended manner.
Pneumococcal vaccines not only help prevent a person from getting this deadly disease pneumonia, but also because the illness is contagious. Sneezing, coughing or close contact can spread the bacteria. So, the vaccine shots need to be taken just once or twice throughout the adulthood to be safe from the streptococcus pneumonia bacteria. Also, most of the health insurance plans cover the costs of vaccines, so better safe than be sorry.


When one thinks of colostrum, they generally think of pregnancy milk or breastfeeding. Colostrum, also known as "beestings", "bisnings" or "first milk" (sometimes "baby's first milk") is the milk produced from the mammary glands during pregnancy and after delivery. Colostrum is generated in all mammals, but is most commonly produced by humans.
As a nutritional supplement, colostrum is used by adults as a way to support a healthy immune system and gastrointestinal tract. While the original use of colostrum was influenced by human breast milk, most nutritional supplements are made from cow's milk. Shortly after giving birth, cows produce close to nine gallons of colostrum. It is then mixed with other nutritional supplements into a powder format that is suitable for human use.
This nutritional supplement comprises antibodies and other proteins that work to prevent many different diseases. Bovine colostrum is usually generated through pasture fed cows as it contains pathogens that are similar to human pathogens. The use of this supplement has become increasingly popular, mostly due to its association with prevention and treatment of dementia in the elderly and its association with improvement of people suffering from eating disorders. Some people prefer to call colustrum powder or pills "miracle pills", as they help to detoxify your body. This supplement trend has been a more recent one and is popular among middle-aged or elderly people or people especially concerned about their health.
While there are many great aspects of colostrum, it's interesting to note that the first oral vaccine against polio was created using bovine colostrum.
As a medicinal supplement, colostrum has many great advantages. A lot of people use this supplement to maintain their health or possibly prevent the early onset of certain diseases. Since colostrum is created from cows, people who have allergies to dairy should be wary of taking colostrum. However, aside from that concern, colostrum is a medicinal supplement that can benefit and drastically improve your physical and psychological state.
Colostrum is a supplement that works to detoxify your body of negative compounds and chemicals. While there are many supplements out there that claim to do the same thing, most of them are comprised of a multitude of non-synthetic materials that do more harm than good. They're usually full of artificial ingredients that don't actually flush out the material in your body, and instead dissolve into your blood stream and cells, often carrying unwanted and unhealthy side effects.
Fortunately, colostrum supplements never include artificial ingredients and are absorbed into your blood stream naturally. Colostrum works to remove all the negative fats, toxins, and unhealthy cells from your body. These toxins and negative components are often the triggers that cause such problems as fatigue or insomnia, as well as the occasional mood swings. By removing these triggers from your body, your energy is improved, which improves your body's physical stimulation. It also helps to improve your mood, evening out behavioral issues.
When colostrum cleans out your blood stream, it also eliminates the harmful pathogens from your intestines and bowel. A pathogen is an infection or germ, usually a microbe or microorganism (i.e., a virus or fungus), that resides within your body. Since your body is easily susceptible to harmful pathogens, it's important to medicate with antibiotics. However, a lot of pathogens can evade antibiotics, which makes colostrum a wonderful, surprising solution. The supplement eradicates those pathogens, which helps to prevent and repair intestinal ulcers and erosions.
Colostrum supplements also help prevent diabetes. Bovine colostrum contains the component Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), which is a somatomedin C protein that is composed in a molecular structure that makes it work similar to insulin. IGF-1 comprises seventy amino acids that are on one chain of three intramolecular disulfide bridges. IGF-1 resembles insulin and has been shown to help prevent the onset of diabetes in most people, but especially in people who have a genetic disposition for developing diabetes. Diabetes is a serious health issue that affects millions of people in the world and it often goes untreated and unrecognized. If you have diabetes, have a family history of diabetes, or are worried about developing diabetes, the IGF-1 levels within colostrum supplements will help prevent diabetes. Colostrum works to delay diabetes not only just because of the high concentration of IGF-1, but because the IGF-1 reduces the activity of cell destruction. The prevention of this disease is one of the best physical benefits of this medicinal supplement.
Similarly, colostrum helps to maintain the blood sugar level of people with low IGF-1 levels. Low blood sugar does not necessarily mean diabetes, but rather, someone who either has poor dietary habits or doesn't regularly consume food high in natural sugars. Natural sugars are a natural part of a person's daily diet, as they help to strengthen the body's immune system, as well as prevent fatigue and weakness. Lack of blood sugar causes unexpected fatigue. Natural deficiency of IGF-1 levels in incredibly worrisome and by frequently consuming colostrum, you're working to prevent that deficiency.
On that same note, people with serious eating disorders are often people who suffer from low levels of IGF-1. This can be due to malnutrition, obesity, or disinterest in eating. There are a variety of eating disorders, such as over eating or anorexia. Colostrum's high levels of IGF-1 is useful in weight reduction for obese people. While it is not an instant weight loss supplement, it will help to regulate weight and influence a person to start maintaining a normal, healthy diet. Additionally, it will create high levels of IGF-1, which strengthens the body's blood sugar within the blood stream and stimulates the muscle and brain's energies and reflexes.
A colostrum supplement, whether in powder or pill format, is also ripe with antioxidants. Antioxidants are molecules that are chemical reactions that transfer electrons so that they create oxidizing agents which, in turn, produce free radical. Free radicals produce chain reactions that eventually cause the death (or damage) to harmful cells or resins within the body. Antioxidants are usually referred to as reducing agents, as they work to eradicate and reduce negative agents within the body. Someone who frequently consumes colostrum supplements is supplying their body with healthy chemicals that will fight to prevent the onset of diseases.
In addition to the high level of antioxidants in colostrum medicinal supplements, colostrum also provides your body with prevention against high blood pressure. As the colostrum supplements that are usually consumed are made from bovine cells and milk, their composition is inherently healthy. The composition is dairy-based and in powder and pill form, this makes colostrum easier to digest. While this helps flush out your digestive system, it means that the colostrum supplements are more easily spread throughout the oxygen in your blood stream. As it travels through your blood stream, it lowers the negative cell count, which is what helps to lower or prevent high blood pressure. The presence of colostrum fights the invading negative blood cells and pathogens and lowers the risk of heart problems. High blood pressure is one of those harmful heart problems.
While colostrum is extremely beneficial in fighting against blood pressure, heart problems, and many other physical issues, it also helps to erase psychological problems, especially those that are cognitive in nature. Colostrum is especially beneficial to those suffering from dementia. Dementia is the loss of the cognitive abilities and recognition, which is generally caused by damage to the body, especially the brain. The components and effects of this medicinal supplement work to improve the ability of the brain's functions, which is what usually decays during the onset of dementia. Frequent consumption (with normal dosage amounts) of this supplement helps to regular any previous negative cognitive ability. Colostrum forces the brain to regulate its functions, which helps to normalize its processes. The regulation and normalization of these cognitive processes is what ultimately improves the brain's capabilities. Improving these capabilities means there's less of a chance of dementia.
Additionally, colostrum helps to regulate behavioral issues. Since the supplement helps improve the function of the brain and the body's digestive system, there's less fatigue present. Fatigue tends to be a trigger for multiple psychological problems and is a major factor in behavioral issues. Combating fatigue leads to an overall better attitude, less mood swings, and a more positive well-being.
Other benefits of colostrum range from overall maintenance of a person's body (whether physically or psychologically) to extra improvement of the body's functions. Some athletes are known to use colostrum to help improve their physical performance during endurance sports. They've also been noted as using colostrum to prevent the onset of illnesses during peak performance levels or to improve their performance recovery time. Athletes – or people who are concerned about either health or their body weight – have also shown frequent consumption in order to bolster lean body mass.
The use of this medicinal supplement has many benefits, though most of them tend to be physical benefits over psychological benefits. However, the physical benefits are incredibly important and useful to keep in mind. Physicians have recommended the use of colostrum as a medicinal supplement to many people suffering from malnutrition, obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, and dementia. They unique way this supplement is produced means that its all-natural components allow a quicker, more healthy way to eradicate harmful cells to treat physical and medical issues.
This is a supplement that has many wonderful benefits that improve the issues that are found within the body's blood stream. These issues can be found in the intestines, bowel, or brain. Regardless of what the physiological or physical issues are, colostrum supplements are incredibly useful in counteracting the problems, making your body stronger, healthier, and less prone to developing diseases.
Colostrum is created from the milk of cows that recently gave birth. However, people rarely use colostrum in its liquid form, instead preferring to consume it through a pill or powder. Colostrum is a popular supplement in the athletic community and is often combined with daily meals. It is recommended the colostrum supplements are taken with additional food or liquids. While human produced colostrum is essential for newborns, it is recommended that bovine colostrum supplements should only be used by adults. Additionally, no more than five hundred mg a day should be consumed.
Colostrum supplements can be found in powder or pill formats. Powder formats are usually mixed into liquids, such as water, tea, juice, or health shakes. Depending on your skills in the kitchen, you can also include the supplements in soft foods, such as applesauce, mashed potatoes, or yoghurt. Since the supplement is in powder form, it will be easily dissolved into the food or liquid.
As a pill, it is recommended that you take additional food or liquids. The specific food you eat with the pull doesn't matter, though studies have found that food high in carbohydrates or protein is the best. While you can consume the supplement on an empty stomach, it's not recommended. Pills generally come in 500 mg, though you can break it into 250 mg dosages if you prefer to take a lower dosage.


text:
#region Header
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
//	File Description: Target Type
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//	Date Created	: March 21, 2014
//	Author			: Rob van Oostenrijk
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// 	Change History
//	Date Modified       :
//	Changed By          :
//	Change Description  :
//
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#endregion
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using TcmCoreService.Info;
using TcmCoreService.Misc;
using Tridion.ContentManager.CoreService.Client;

namespace TcmCoreService.CommunicationManagement
{
	/// <summary>
	/// <see cref="TargetType" /> wraps around <see cref="T:Tridion.ContentManager.CoreService.Client.TargetTypeData" />.
	/// </summary>
	public class TargetType : PublishingTarget
	{
		private TargetTypeData mTargetTypeData;

		private AccessControlList mAccessControlList = null;

		/// <summary>
		/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="TargetType"/> class.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="client"><see cref="T:TcmCoreService.Client" /></param>
		/// <param name="targetTypeData"><see cref="T:Tridion.ContentManager.CoreService.Client.TargetTypeData" /></param>
		protected TargetType(Client client, TargetTypeData targetTypeData): base(client, targetTypeData)
		{
			if (targetTypeData == null)
				throw new ArgumentNullException("targetTypeData");

			mTargetTypeData = targetTypeData;
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="TargetType"/> class.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="client"><see cref="T:TcmCoreService.Client" /></param>
		/// <param name="uri"><see cref="T:TcmCoreService.Misc.TcmUri" /></param>
		internal TargetType(Client client, TcmUri uri): this(client, client.Read<TargetTypeData>(uri))
		{
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Reload the <see cref="TargetType" /> with the specified <see cref="T:Tridion.ContentManager.CoreService.Client.TargetTypeData" />
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="targetTypeData"><see cref="T:Tridion.ContentManager.CoreService.Client.TargetTypeData" /></param>
		protected void Reload(TargetTypeData targetTypeData)
		{
			if (targetTypeData == null)
				throw new ArgumentNullException("targetTypeData");

			mTargetTypeData = targetTypeData;
			base.Reload(targetTypeData);

			mAccessControlList = null;
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Reload the <see cref="TargetType" /> data from the Content Manager
		/// </summary>
		public override void Reload()
		{
			Reload(Client.Read<TargetTypeData>(this.Id));
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Gets the <see cref="T:TcmCoreService.Info.AccessControlList" /> for this <see cref="TargetType" />
		/// </summary>
		/// <value>
		/// <see cref="T:TcmCoreService.Info.AccessControlList" /> for this <see cref="TargetType" />
		/// </value>
		public AccessControlList AccessControlList
		{
			get
			{
				if (mAccessControlList == null)
					mAccessControlList = new AccessControlList(Client, mTargetTypeData.AccessControlList);

				return mAccessControlList;
			}
		}
	}
}


text:
Digital Workspace becomes top IT priority for education sector, Softcat report reveals
November 11, 2021 /in Latest News /by admin
80% of education organisations are prioritising Digital Workspace solutions in the year ahead –
22% now say sustainability is key to their IT decision making –
A new report from Softcat offers an exclusive snapshot of the education IT landscape and what technologies organisations are prioritising in the year ahead.
The findings are based on the views of nearly 1,250 organisations in the UK and Ireland, across 23 industries including education.
Looking at a sector level, the report reveals 80% of organisations in the education sector are now prioritising Digital Workspace solutions above all other technology areas.
Technology is playing an increasingly important role in the planning, provision and delivery of education, accelerated further by the COVID-19 pandemic and government ordered restrictions on in-person teaching.
Exceptional user experience and frictionless workflows are becoming key to supporting students and employees to work easier, from anywhere, requiring investment in new Digital Workspace solutions.
Digital Workspace solutions put people first and technology second. They enable true collaboration and deliver a great user experience by securely connecting people, applications, data and devices together, helping employees to do their job seamlessly – wherever they are.
Cyber Security is the second most cited technology investment area for the next year, with 68% of education organisations saying it's an important part of their IT strategy.
Maintaining robust cyber security is a pressing challenge for the education sector, as demonstrated by the Cyber Security Breaches Survey 2021. While primary schools are relatively close to the typical business in terms of how many identify breaches (36% vs 39%), secondary schools (58%) and further education colleges (75%) are much more likely to identify breaches.
Universities have also become lucrative key targets for cybercriminals in recent years, mainly (but not soley) due to the huge amounts of non-public research information they hold. A report published by the National Cyber Security Centre shows that the university sector was the third most vulnerable to cyberattack.
And as education becomes more digitalised, the sector will only attract more interest from cybercriminals looking to exploit vulnerabilities for monetary gain. Therefore, cyber resilience in education is now a high priority and organisations are being encouraged to take a proactive rather than reactive approach to securing networks, devices and data.
Networking is ranked as the third most important IT priority within education, according to the study, with 43% of respondents citing it.
Importantly, organisations were also able to rank sustainability as a focus for the first time. And 22% of those in the education sector (compared to a 10% cross-sector average) cited sustainability as an important factor in their IT strategy for the coming year, signalling a shift towards greener and more ethically conscious decision making.
Technology has a vital role to play in supporting organisations in meeting their sustainability goals, to ensure compliance with tightening legislation and help the global community meet science-backed climate targets.
Richard Wyn Griffith, Managing Director of Softcat commented on the findings:
"Over the past 18 months or so, the education sector has been heavily challenged; working hard to limit the impact on business-as-usual or respond to unprecedented restrictions on in-person teaching.
"People, empowered by technology, have made navigating this uncertain and disruptive period possible. And this will only continue as we learn to live and thrive with new ways of working."
The full findings from the 2021 Softcat Business Tech Priorities Report, including expert analysis, can be downloaded here.
https://www.the-educator.org/wp-content/uploads/image1-3-1030x686.png 0 0 admin https://www.the-educator.org/wp-content/uploads/image1-3-1030x686.png admin2021-11-11 12:03:352021-11-11 12:03:35Digital Workspace becomes top IT priority for education sector, Softcat report reveals
Bursary boost for female tech students
July 7, 2021 /in Latest News /by admin
Women interested in studying computer science have been able to apply for a bursary worth £12,000 – the first of its kind ever offered at Nottingham Trent University.
The bursary was set up by leading B2B technology solutions provider Jigsaw24 to create a new opportunity for a female student from a lower-income household.
The company hopes to counter gender imbalances in the IT industry, with recent research highlighting that while 49% of UK workers are female, only 19% of those in technology are women.
Running from September 2021, the new scholarship covers Nottingham Trent University's BSc Computer Science FT/SW, BSc Computer Science (Games Technology) FT/SW, and BSc Software Engineering FT/SW undergraduate courses.
The cash bursary provides £3,000 per year over four years of study (including a placement year) and will be funded entirely by Jigsaw24.
Roger Whittle, CEO at Nottingham-based Jigsaw24, said: "Women play valuable roles in our company and in technology more widely, yet representation remains low, especially in technical, sales and leadership positions.
"The IT industry is for everyone, and people of all backgrounds should have the chance to break into it.
"We know that sponsoring a single student is not going to solve the inequalities in our industry, but introducing this unique bursary is a positive step in the right direction."
Kayleigh Glasper, Head of Philanthropy at Nottingham Trent University, said: "We are delighted to have created this bursary with Jigsaw24, to support a talented female undergraduate studying in the field of computer science. This provides an exciting opportunity and we are very grateful to Jigsaw24 for their generosity."
To be considered for the Jigsaw24 Bursary in Computer Science, those interested needed to be female, a UK applicant for fee-paying purposes, have a household income of less than £25,000 per annum, and have been offered a place to enrol on a relevant Nottingham Trent University course in September 2021.
The investment by Jigsaw24 reflects its unique approach to corporate and social responsibility, by concentrating its investments and empowering employees to carve the firm's own way and help make a bigger difference.
For more information about the Jigsaw24 Bursary in Computer Science, visit the Nottingham Trent University website.
For more information about Jigsaw24 or to view the company's current vacancies, visit Jigsaw24 website or careers page.
https://www.the-educator.org/wp-content/uploads/image1-3-1030x686.png 0 0 admin https://www.the-educator.org/wp-content/uploads/image1-3-1030x686.png admin2021-07-07 10:08:272021-07-07 10:08:27Bursary boost for female tech students
December 16, 2020 /in Latest News /by admin
Jigsaw24's lockdown learning survey finds 50% of schools would like more support when delivering remote learning.
70% reported struggling during the UK's first lockdown – in some cases, up to 80% of students did not engage.
However, 75% of schools say issues are on the mend thanks to resilient staff and investment in mobile devices.
At Jigsaw24, we've been providing IT solutions to schools, colleges and universities for nearly 30 years. And if there's one thing we've learned in that time, it's that things go better when schools work together. However, recent circumstances have made that difficult: communication has become harder, pupils and their families are facing huge challenges when it comes to accessing essential resources, and teachers have struggled to maintain access to their usual resources and support systems.
But schools across the UK have risen to the challenge, each finding their own way to handle remote learning and the pressures of lockdown. We spoke to teachers, IT teams, admin staff and school leadership teams from 12 schools across the UK to find out which devices, apps and strategies have served them best, and are sharing the results in our latest whitepaper. We hope schools will be able to see how organisations like theirs have adapted, and earmark solutions that they want to try going forward. You can download the full whitepaper here, or read on for a few of our key findings…
Platform-agnostic apps are the way to go
Because the initial lockdown happened so quickly, many schools struggled to provide devices for each child to take home. To offset some of this uncertainty, 33% of schools chose to connect with pupils primarily over email and 25% relied mostly on phone calls. However, multi-platform apps were also popular. Google Classroom, which can be installed on a device or accessed via a browser, was used by 33% of schools.
We typically recommend using an app like Showbie, which is device-agnostic and allows for the sharing and feedback of work in a single, unified environment. Some anecdotal feedback we've received from parents shows they're not familiar with apps like these, which are primarily designed to facilitate student-teacher interaction. In those cases, checking in with parents via methods like emails, phone calls or text to ensure they're aware of what their children should be working on has proven to be hugely helpful.
Parental engagement is schools' number one concern
As any educator will tell you, lockdown learning has not been without its issues. 70% of schools reported having issues at the start of their remote learning programme, the most common one being a lack of pupil engagement – in one case, up to 80% of students were failing to engage.
Other issues included pupils having to share devices with parents who were working from home (and therefore not being available for synchronised activities like class Zoom calls or live streamed lessons) and an inability to reach parents.
But staff have risen to the challenge
Teachers are nothing if not resourceful, and 75% of respondents said their initial issues – including that worrying dip in engagement – are now fixed. This is largely down to the amazing from staff across the school. 60% of respondents said teachers adapted quite well or very well to remote working.
If you're one of the 40% of schools that are still struggling with the transition, we can provide training that will help boost your team's confidence. As well as providing basic and subject-specific skills training on new apps and devices that your school has rolled out, we can deliver training on how best to structure remote lessons and keep pupils' attention on task while they're learning from home.
Mobile device management plays in a key part in safeguarding
Managing devices while they're off the school network is a key safeguarding issue for schools. Asked how they managed their devices, 60% of respondents said they'd invested in dedicated device management software, which allows them to control permissions, block apps and send alerts to the school when students may have used their device inappropriately. 30% said they have outsourced device management to an external provider, while just 10% said they manage each device manually.
The great thing about software-defined MDM is that it can be done "over the air": devices are managed over the internet, so IT teams have the same level of control (and can offer the same degree of protection) wherever a student or teacher may be. Applications like Jamf Pro and Apple Classroom make it easy for admin staff to group students into classes or year groups and apply granular, age- and subject- specific restrictions in a reliable (yet invisible) way.
Only 30% of schools received support from DfE – and 50% would like more support
It's clear from our survey that schools have worked hard to make the most of limited resources and offset the very real hardships their students are facing. But 50% of respondents wanted more support in order to improve remote learning going forward.
That's what we're here for.
Our regionally based team includes former teachers and IT engineers who can help you make sure your remote and in-person teaching is perfectly synced. From supplying hardware (including pairing schools with compliant financing partners) to device management and ongoing support, we're here to help schools tackle any technical issue they may face. You can get started by downloading the whitepaper here.
For more insights from lockdown learning survey, and to find out more about how Jigsaw24 can help schools manage remote learning, visit Jigsaw24.com/education. Alternatively, get in touch with the team on 03332 409 290 or email education@Jigsaw24.com
https://www.the-educator.org/wp-content/uploads/image1-3-1030x686.png 0 0 admin https://www.the-educator.org/wp-content/uploads/image1-3-1030x686.png admin2020-12-16 12:59:292021-02-09 10:23:0250% of schools would like more support with remote learning


Want to get a good night's sleep, kids?
The impact of social media on young people's lives is underlined today as a new study by researchers from the University-based Wales Institute of Social and Economic Research Data (WISERD) reports that more than one in five teenagers say they "almost always" wake up during the night to look at or post messages.
In a paper being presented to the British Educational Research Association (BERA) by researchers at WISERD, the report also reveals that more than a third of 12- to 15-year-olds say they do so at least once a week.
Unsurprisingly, this is revealed to be having knock-on effects on how tired the youngsters feel at school: among some children it may even be more important than having a late bedtime in creating feelings of fatigue.
A further 14 per cent of the younger group, and 15 per cent of the older, said they did so at least once a week.