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Art | 19 Jun 2019
Through the lens of Wallpaper* contributor Crista Leonard
'Through the lens' is our monthly series that throws the spotlight on emerging photographers who are Wallpaper* contributors. Every month one photographer is commissioned to capture the upfront Newspaper section – an artist's residency in print form – here we explore their vision further.
Photography: Crista Leonard
Crista Leonard is a portrait, documentary, fashion and still-life photographer based between London and New York. She honed her serene and suggestive style at Goldsmiths University in London, applying it to both her commercial and personal work for over a decade.
Wallpaper*: Tell us about some of the inspirations behind your shoot with us.
Crista Leonard: It was important for me that each image would be a world in itself, one in which the objects interacted with their surroundings in a way that allowed each image to stand on it's own.
W*: You work across analogue and digital, could describe your style of work and process?
CL: I mainly work analogue and I think that comes from a fascination with the tactile element of film, its path from silver through liquids and onto paper. Having said that, digital is a beast of its own and I don't like the idea of limiting my process, so I try to approach digital with a curiosity for its possibilities.
July, by Crista Leonard
W*: Is there a tangent that runs through the broad disciplines you operate in (editorial, advertising and travel)?
CL: We're a family of (amateur) photographers and one of my favourite things has been to be able to pour over family albums of photos, the sensation of nostalgia is almost too much to bear at times.
I think it's very powerful to be able to share the way you see the world, because of the significance you can give to a moment or to an object; I suppose that's what I'd like to think is some sort of a tangent that runs through my work.
'Photography is a way to travel through yourself and spill out, through your eyes, into the world'
W*: How much does the subject of a photograph, whether a person or object, inform how you photograph?
CL: I think every person and every object has a personality, so it's interesting to adapt to that and try and find each other somewhere in the middle. Communication is important for building the connection that makes the image.
W*: Alongside your photography, you are editorial director of Hercules Casa and creative director of Philistine Mag, how has this informed your practice?
CL: I think the three positions work very much hand in hand and it's very cathartic to be able to work with different photographers to see the world I've imagined them creating. It also helps broaden my perspectives, discover subjects, artists and worlds I didn't know about.
August, by Crista Leonard
W*: Who or what made you want to be a photographer?
CL: I wanted a job that allowed me to play continually!
W*: Do you feel that your international background has contributed to or informed your practice?
CL: I think it has, but in a weird way; I have a lot of attachment to places and the objects within them. I think that comes from moving around a lot. And now of course, it informs my need to document spaces and the 'spirits' of the people who interact with those spaces.
W*: What advice would you give to young, budding photographers?
CL: Photography is a way to travel through yourself and spill out, through your eyes, into the world. Make sure you always work on developing your own voice as opposed to being swallowed alive by what can be, at times, a quite brutal and homogenising world.
W*: What's currently on your radar?
CL: I'm looking forward to seeing the Lee Krasner exhibition at the Barbican. I want to see the movie Thunder Road. I'm into Tine Bek's foam sculptures, Dello Studio's installations and Oscar Piccolo's (from the Dello duo) lamps, I love Valentina Cameranesi's vases, Clair Catillaz's ceramics, Gala Colivet Dennison's jewellery and Jermaine Oscar's curated furniture and design store in south London. I'm also working on relaunching Philistine magazine at the moment and I'm burying myself deep into the concept of spaces and how we interact with them. §
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PHOTOGRAPHY INTERVIEWS THROUGH THE LENS


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Meyers Leonard raising his game when Illinois needs it most
By Mike MillerDec 5, 2011, 11:01 AM EST
If not for Kentucky-North Carolina, Meyers Leonard's impressive game Saturday might've caught more attention.
Oh well. The 7-foot Illinois sophomore will have to settle for wowing Gonzaga's Robert Sacre.
"He's super athletic," Gonzaga's center told the State Register-Journal. "He runs the floor like a deer. He's a good player. I should have respected him more. He's got a great future."
That's what happens when you drop 21 points — on nine of 11 shots – on the Zags and pick up the biggest win of the season. It might've been even more impressive had Leonard not been saddled with foul trouble in the first half. But the Zags could only do so much as Leonard scored 17 in the second half, including 12 of their final 24 points.
"We knew he was a physically gifted guy," Gonzaga coach Mark Few told the St. Louis Post-Dispatch. "Rob needed to keep the ball out of there. He was guarding him after he got the ball. That was probably the biggest problem. And (Leonard) showed he's effective after he did get a catch in there."
So how does a guy who played such a minor role as a freshman blossom into Illinois' leading scorer (13.4) and rebounder (6.6) as a sophomore?
For starters, he needed a chance. Illinois lost senior Demetri McCamey, Mike Tisdale, Mike Davis and freshman Jereme Richmond from last season's 20-14 squad, opening up plenty of playing time. Not that Bruce Weber's staff was going sit Leonard anyway. They knew he and junior guard Brandon Paul could be difference-makers.
"Yes, I did and our staff did," he told the Post-Dispatch. "I didn't know we would do it, but I thought we were capable. Brandon and Meyers could be two of the better players in the country."
That meant Leonard needed to refine his varied post game – Weber told him that instead of 16 post moves, he needed two or three – and be more decisive with the ball. That was on display against Gonzaga, when Leonard scored on fadeaways, dunks, putbacks and short jumpers.
It's all working, too. Leonard's offensive efficiency has skyrocketed — from 78.8 to 120.5 – while taking a larger role in the offense. He's also boosted his rebounding, he's shooting better and he's blocking shots at a rate few players can match.
Illinois won't be tested again until a Dec. 17 game against UNLV, which means we know just how good this unbeaten team really is. If Leonard continues to play like this, I have a hunch it'll be promising for Weber.
Ex-Illinois player arrested for allegedly beating woman

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Humming Words
Our Bird's TOP 10 of 2020
2020 has been wild in many ways. As we look back, we find ourselves ready to move on to 2021...the sooner the better! But, 2020 was not without some amazing times. The Birds, as we affectionately refer to our coworkers, have many things to be excited about. With thoughtful and careful design, our team implemented a dynamic health and safety plan in response to the pandemic. This has strengthened us as a team and we stay connected, even though half of our coworkers are now working remotely. This past year, we introduced a full line of retail-ready Organic Snacks that has been enthusiastically received—with our Awakened Pecans becoming a Good Food Awards finalist. We formed a Racial and Social Justice Committee that is working to grow awareness and understanding of issues, our responsibility, and opportunities for how we can stretch in this area. Oregon Business recognized Hummingbird as one of the Best Green Workplaces in Oregon. And two important organizations, National Co+op Grocer & the Climate Collaborative, acknowledged Hummingbird with the Outstanding Value Chain Award for our notable Container Return & Reuse Program. Thanks to our dedicated coworkers and customers, this program has allowed us to reuse over 93,000 lbs of glass containers and 125,000 lbs of plastic containers since 2003. Our Birds also switched our Storefront over to Curbside Pickup to provide a safe and efficient way to get amazing organic food to the public in Eugene during the COVID-19 pandemic.
And, throughout the year, we have stayed true to our mission of offering the highest quality, most nutritious foods grown as locally and sustainably as possible to nourish the body, mind, and soul. Our products provide not only nourishment, but share our own delight for good food, grown with care. With that, we will share with you the Bird's TOP 10 products of 2020.
10) NEW Awakened Walnuts - Stacy Kraker picked these walnuts as her favorite, "I snack on them at work and when I am out on a hike, because they are perfectly salted, have the best texture and crunch, and fuel me through that afternoon energy lull. This year, I bought a bunch of snack bags to drop off on the doorsteps of friends and family as a Christmas treat. :)"
9) Our Organic Yellow Popcorn - In 2020, Delanie Graham watched more movies at home than ever. Snacking on a big bowl of Hummingbird Yellow Popcorn makes forgetting the theatres, and some of life's other troubles, easy. Melted ghee and Himalayan salt add an extra special touch!
8) Ariel's Om Grown Granola - Emma Sackinger's favorite. "I love how it is halfway between granola and granola bars. I take it hiking, canoeing and camping and eat it for breakfast at home. I like that it is satisfying and flavorful without being too sweet."
7) Hazel Munch - Ramani Karen says, "Hazel Munch is a fabulous, melt in your mouth, tangy, nutty, perfect snack. Also, it only has three simple ingredients: Oregon Hazelnuts, Tart Cherries, and Milk Chocolate, which makes enjoying it so much sweeter :)"
6) Organic California Extra Virgin Olive Oil - This Olive Oil is divine! It is the award-winning Extra Virgin Olive Oil that Paul Adkins uses every day. The Organic olives are grown on a family farm 400 miles south of Eugene and milled on the spot. This oil is the perfect compliment to my homegrown San Marzano tomatoes when combined with basil, our balsamic vinegar, and fresh mozzarella in caprese. "I'm in love with this stuff," exclaims Paul.
5) Dark Chocolate Covered Ginger - "It's so hard to choose just one!, says Jered Benedick. "Though if I'm looking for a quick snack, I think it's always going to be the dark chocolate covered ginger. It's incredibly satisfying, so I only need a small handful. Plus dark, robust chocolate and spicy, chewy crystallized ginger? What's not to love?
4) Hard Red Whole Wheat, Buckwheat Flour, Sifted Edison and Red Fife Flours - Boyd Ford is inspired by Camas Country Mills' locally grown organic flours. "Having jumped on the sourdough baking bandwagon this past year, I've been experimenting with the different varieties available from Camas Country Mill. I use the Buckwheat flour in waffles and pancakes and then the Edison and Red Fife in my sourdough loaves and biscuits."
3) Organic Pumpkin Seeds - "I love that we've made this wonderful product available LOCALLY," says Meg Wollam! "I love the history behind this product, from the efforts that Charlie and Julie went through to find this particular, superior variety of hulless pumpkin seeds, to years of learning how to grow this crop. And they produce our incredible award-winning pumpkin seed oil!
2) Roasted, Salted Hazelnuts - Rebecca Benedick loves these Roasted, Salted Hazelnuts. "I love knowing they are grown right here in Oregon and we are directly supporting a small business. And their taste can't be compared to any other hazelnuts. They are just the right level of saltiness—a great on-the-go snack."
1) Organic Chocolate Hazelnut Butter - Selected as the #1 top favorite by quite a few birds. Oregon Hazelnuts. Chocolate, Creamy… What's not to love? It's a decadent treat that is sure to satisfy, always. Smear it on toast for breakfast, dip some bananas in it for dessert, or pull it out of your bag 20 miles into a hike to get 1500 calories and great macro nutrition. Chocolate Hazelnut Butter will never let you down.
If your favorites are not listed in our TOP 10, add them below in the comments.
Now, with the countdown complete, let's get on with 2021. Thanks for your passion for amazing Organic food. We are so grateful to be able to part of your 2020.
Happy New Year from Hummingbird!
Also in Humming Words
Good Food Awards Announces the Winners of 2022
National Pizza Week
Biking to Work


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Posted inNews, Portland, State
Windham prison in need of $173 million in renovations, warden says
by Opinion Contributor January 24, 2016 January 24, 2016
WINDHAM, Maine — The Maine Department of Corrections has been working hard to win support for a $173 million bond to back the renovation at Windham Correctional Center.
Meetings with neighbors and community leaders had gone well. Members of the Legislature and the public had toured the facility and a public hearing on it was scheduled for February. Now that plan is in flux. The one thing that remains constant is the condition of the prison.
The list of challenges at the Windham prison is long. For starters, there's a climate control issue for prisoners and staff.
"You don't have modern HVAC," Warden Scott Landry said. "So, in the summer months, sometimes, you have places in the facility that are absolutely sweltering. And then in the winter months we've had occasions where you have toilets skimming over with ice."
Landry said the prison gets so cold in places that blankets are hung over windows to try provide insulation. When that doesn't work, he said some inmates have been moved out of their cells into the central day area to try to keep them warm.
The prison was originally planned as a men's reformatory where minimum security inmates worked on a farm that lacked a fence. There is one now, tall with coiled barbed wire. That's because most of the 600 prisoners who live here are categorized as medium security and can't leave the premises.
Over the years, several of the buildings constructed in the 1920s have been retrofitted to try to accommodate the changing mission. But they haven't been completely rebuilt.
The result, Landry said, is a patchwork facility that is inefficient and deteriorating, and in some places, unsafe.
"So, just getting to where we're going is kind of a challenge from a security point of view," he said.
On a recent tour of the facility, Landry pointed out how he and his staff try to make do with aging infrastructure that does not conform with modern correctional standards.
"Blind spots, tight corners, lots of stairs — very challenging for inmates who can't negotiate stairs," he said. "We have elevators that are pretty old condition that we would rather not use but use sparingly."
But the condition and layout of the facility poses more than just security concerns. In the chow hall kitchen, a malfunctioning drain means cooks are standing in a pool of water on the floor. Ceilings around the facility constantly leak. Pigeons occasionally break through windows. And in one housing unit there's just one shower stall with three heads for 40 inmates.
Cells in this unit are tight: a small bunk bed for two prisoners, a couple of lockers and a toilet with almost no room to move. And in another housing unit for behaviorally challenging inmates, it's dark and loud and, in a word, austere.
"Staff are working in that — 12-hour shifts," Landry said. "And it kind of amps up behavior. It doesn't have the calming effect that you would rather have with a population such as this."
Landry said the Maine Department of Corrections isn't looking for luxury in its plan to renovate and rebuild the Maine Correctional Center. But what it is looking for is improved function, security and a positive environment for prisoners, who will someday be getting out.
"I think one of the biggest challenges you run into is the space itself being designed a little bit better as far as being able to do more classes in this large of a space," Scott Donohue, the adult education teacher at the Windham Correctional Center, said. "We're still using a lot of books. To keep up with technology we need some wiring upgrades. Wiring in here is very outdated."
Space for programming and training for prisoners and staff is at a premium throughout the prison. Landry said there's just not enough. And what little there is is too far away from where prisoners are housed.
Under the Department of Corrections' plan, the new facility would be designed around programming needs. Landry said it would include at least an additional 200 beds for substance abuse treatment and acute mental health needs, and some geriatric and infirmary beds, at a cost of $173 million.
"Correctional housing is incredibly expensive," Landry said. "It's got to be robust. It's got to withstand the population that we're housing here, so we would like to get this started as soon as possible. The need certainly exists."
But, he said, it will need to be vetted by the Legislature. And now that the governor is planning to revamp and potentially expand the project, it's unclear how much the price tag will increase or whether the Department of Corrections will be able to move forward to address conditions as soon as it had hoped.
This article appears through a media partnership with Maine Public Broadcasting Network.
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Next Mills, LePage administration spar over hiring of lawyers


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Brief Report on Disability & HIV Leadership Forum
You are Here: Home > Asia Pacific Region > Asia Pacific Publications & Resources > Disability & HIV Leadership Report
22 – 27 July 2012
Gallaudet University, Washington D.C and the 19th International AIDS Conference
Walter E. Washington Convention Centre, Washington DC
DRPI Regional Officers, Rados Keravica for Eastern Europe (left) and Chona Sabo for Asia Pacific (right) take the lead during their press conference
The Disability Rights Promotion International (DRPI) Regional Officers Chona Sabo (for Asia Pacific) represents Youth with Disabilities in Thailand and Rados Keravica (for Eastern Europe) represents Youth with Disabilities in Serbia – attended a full-day advocacy training "Disability and HIV Leadership Forum" organized by AIDS-Free World immediately preceding AIDS 2012, the "19th International AIDS Conference" in Washington, DC. The Forum brought together disability rights advocates, activists, students, organizers and leaders from around the world, including the countries of Barbados, Ethiopia, Guyana, Jamaica, Kenya, Malaysia, Mali, Mongolia, Namibia, Nepal, Rwanda, Serbia, Sudan, Tanzania, Thailand, Uganda, United States, Uruguay, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The forum, presented in collaboration with Disabled Peoples' International (DPI) and Gallaudet University, united young disability rights leaders with seasoned advocacy experts in the fields for HIV, disability rights and human rights.
The forum provides a venue to exchange ideas and experiences among the pioneers and young leaders from different countries around the globe. Through this forum, AIDS-Free World gives a chance to the pioneers in passing the torch to young activists who are fully equipped to lead the struggle for inclusion of people with disabilities in the global AIDS movement. They are the young activists who have boundless potential, but who've been given few opportunities to develop the advocacy skills that can transform raw energy, ideas and passion into successful strategies for social change. An excellent opportunity to help the next generation to lead the global disability rights movement. This one day event leads these young advocates to be more active and participative in claiming their unseen rights as a person. The change from being a dreamer to a noise maker and from aiming to doing concrete actions enables them to shout out and spread the need to be included in the global Aids movement. Their voices created The Washington DC Declaration PLUS: Including the Invisible 15 Percent.
An interactive exercise brings forth the skills of these young leaders to participate and represent the 15% of the world's population (Persons with Disabilities) at the 19th International Aids Conference which runs from 22nd to 27th of July 2012. All throughout the week, these young leaders' steps out from their shadows and networked among HIV advocates, policy makers, and session panelists. They mainstream disability issues by asking specific questions at symposiums about the lack of inclusion of disability rights and in almost every situation; they were given uninformed or incorrect responses. Within that large crowd in the conference and given their ignorance to disability issues, they feel invisible, but that doesn't stop them from throwing rocks of questions. They are even moved to ring the bells by presenting their 10 demands through their press conference, presenting their declaration to inform journalists about the serious need for inclusion of people with disabilities in HIV response.
The collected voice put into words in the declaration, the worth gaining skills at the forum, the meaningful experiences they had and with the torch in their hands, they are determined to keep the fire burning until it burns out the discrimination, stigma and isolation of people with disabilities from key affected populations in this fast emerging HIV/AIDS epidemic.
Chona Sabo, DRPI Regional Officer for Asia Pacific also delivered a presentation entitled "Youth Perspective on Mainstreaming Disability into HIV Programs" as one of the speaker in the workshop "Integrating Comprehension and Advocacy: How the disability and HIV rights movements can support each other at the country-level" organized by UNAIDS and the Canadian Working Group HIV and Rehabilitation.
Asia Pacific Publications & Resources
Asia Pacific Trainings
DRPI Australia
DRPI AWARE
DRPI India
DRPI Nepal
DRPI New Zealand
DRPI Philippines
DRPI Vietnam


The Vevo list, released Wednesday, sees Taylor Swift's "Shake It Off" making it all the way to No. 4, despite its late start in the calendar year. Nicki Minaj's racy "Anaconda" video rounded out the Top 5.
To compile the list, Vevo ranked the videos that delivered the most 2014 U.S. views across its apps, Vevo.com and syndication web partners (AOL, Yahoo!, YouTube, etc.) through Nov. 30.
Azalea's "Fancy," featuring Charli XCX, had nearly 140 million qualifying views (and more than 380 million worldwide).


Jessica Wright is a senior news writer at Spectrum.
How Much Can a Mouse Truly Reveal About Autism?
Researchers are starting to question the wisdom of trying to study social deficits in mice.
Parents are going where scientists fear to tread to calm their children's autism and epilepsy symptoms.
Some autistic adults have spent much of their lives with the wrong diagnosis, consigned to psychiatric institutions or drugged for disorders they never had.


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Can Politicians Be Trusted? NO! - and NO! times 10 if they are left wing politicians.
At the recent US Democratic Party convention, where Hillary Clinton, a geriatric who allegedly has brain damage, was acclaimed as the party' presidential candidate for the election due in November 2009, one of the star speakers was as man named Khizr Khan, supposedly the bereaved father of a US soldier and follower of the Muslim faith. Khan spoke humbly and movingly of his son's sacrifice in the service of his country; the speech was seized upon by left wing politicians and mainstream media as an example of how Muslims are unfairly demonised in US society and how the white majority in the USA are racist, xenophobic bigots.
As one would expect from the shallow, superficial, attention seekers who jump on every bandwagon the Democrats, their traditional sidekicks the Hollywood celebrity circus and the dutiful hacks of mainstream media set rolling and those who identify themselves as progressive and liberal, while persuing authoritarian and reactionary goals, Mr. Khan was not quite what he seemed to be.
The father of the American war hero (a young officer who really did lay down his life to protect troops under his command, is according to a whistleblower inside the Democratic Party, an immigration lawyer who has made a lot of money from the Obama administration by representing some very dodgy characters and helping them gain residency in the United States. The source says that Khan was paid $25,000 to read a speech that was written by two people who work for the Clinton Campaign, also the copy of the US constitution he showed while at the podium was bought just hours before by a Clinton staffer. And if you think that piece of stage managed propaganda represents the worst of modern politics, things go downhill from there.
Mr. Khan was contacted by the Clinton Campaign after his name was given to them by the White House just 4 days before the convention this after 5 other families had turned down the offer to speak, all of these families had to sign Non Disclosure Agreements, and each were paid $5,000.
Kahn an immigration attorney (sic) with his own firm which is deeply in-debt some $1,700,000, has unresolved issues regarding taxes and from public records appears to owe around $850,000 in tax arrears plus interest and penalties. A fine example of a well assimilated Muslim immigrant. The website set up to promote Khan's lucrative business in helping import Islamic extremists and other undesirables into the USA has now been taken down.
Mr Khan has also verifiably been paid by CNN and NBC News over $100,000 to tell his fake story to them, plus he has been given a bonus of $175,000 by the DNC AKA the Clinton Campaign, but it still not done yet, the IRS as of yesterday has placed his file on hold and will no longer go after Mr. Khan and his wife for the back taxes due.
So what does this tell America about Mr. Khan? Yes his son was a brave solider who gave his life to protect his troops and served honourably, but his father has used his death to make money and settle his debts, this is not what a Gold Star family should ever represent. Mr. Khan is a fake not a man who his son would be proud of today.
Does not matter if Mr.Khan is a member of or supports the Muslims Brotherhood it plays nothing into this at all , it's not illegal to support or be a member of that organization.
It does not matter that Khan supports Sharia Law, he has an absolute right to argue for the US legal codex to be replaced by that brutal, sexist, xenophobic medieval system (its called the right of free speech). What does matter is that a fake story written for by Hillary Clinton's campaign team and the Democratic Party National Committee was presented as his own heartfelt truth, and that he was paid big money and offered considerable favours by those organisation for being part of a politically motivated deception. It also matters that America, where 'Crooked Hillary' is not yet even president elect, but where a drug using former arse prostitute has served as president for the past eight years, the establishment is willing to purge all your crimes and even make you rich if you serve their political ambitions well.
All of modern politics is corrupt, what we are allowed to see is spin and deception. There is no diffenece between parties that call themselves 'left' or 'right', they all serve the same masters. As the Khizr Khan episode shows by the way the US Democratic Party tried to corrupt the legacy of an honourable man, their is no depth to which politicians and elitists will not sink in order to gain more wealth and power for themselves.
The Birth Of Cultural Marxism
Ever wondered when and where the idiotic pseudo -philosophies of hippys and the idiotic and divisive politically correct dogmas of the modern left were born. The Social justice Warriors (aka 'liberals' or progressives' though they are really neither of these things but instead are moralistic authoritarians who hate free speech and personal liberty and support censorship, government control of media and criminalisation of dissent.
Can Americans Overthrow The Evil That Rules Them?
The anti - establishment, anti - globalisation mood that manifested itself in the Brexit vote is sweeping across Europe, the cosy government - corporate cartel is desperately trying to control the narrative, but against the combined strength of millions of new media commentators all challenging the official; narrative, the dark forces of globalism are on the back foot.
The Pope Wants You to Pray for a One World Religion
Labels: america, clinton, democratic, law, media, muslim, politics, propaganda, sharia, usa
Doctors who disagree with the official covid narrative are now declared mentally ill and required to undergo psychiatric evaluations - (Natural News) A physician in Maine who has been practicing for 25 years recently had her license temporarily stripped and is now being forced to see a "...
Can Politicians Be Trusted? NO! - and NO! times 10...


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The second Angel Moroni in my Angel Moroni Temple Topper Series is finished and ready to brighten your home! Printed on 60lb textured linen paper for a beautifully vibrant look, this hand-drawn and painted piece is sure to be a conversation starter in your home!
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New York School Talk
A real look at our schools in the Big Apple.
Fighting for Equity
Listening to Teachers
Embracing Special Needs
As A NYC Parent, I Don't Think the DOE's Change to Specialized Schools Admissions Test Will Create Diversity
September 26, 2016 September 26, 2016 Alina Adams
Less than two weeks after I criticized the New York City Department of Education's (DOE) plan to add racial diversity to Specialized High-Schools by offering intensive test prep to high-achieving, underserved students as too-little, too-late, the Panel for Educational Policy has voted to make a major change to the test itself.
But I don't think this change will make one iota of difference regarding who does and doesn't get into a Specialized High-School.
Earlier this month, the DOE was patting itself on the back and calling its test prep initiative a success – even though it enrolled 200 fewer students than initially intended, and not a single one of those students has yet to take the Specialized High-School Admissions Test (SHSAT), much less score highly enough to be offered a seat at one of the city's top performing schools.
Now, however, the DOE has decided to stack the deck even further (sounds like someone might not be feeling particularly confident about the results of this year's test) by announcing that starting in 2017, the SHSAT will no longer feature a Scrambled Paragraphs section.
Scrambled Paragraphs offer students five sentences that they then have to put into correct, logical order. If even two of the five sentences are incorrect, the student gets no points for the entire question.
I don't lament the loss of Scrambled Paragraphs; it was a pointless exercise with no real-world application. But I also don't think removing this section will change who does and doesn't get into a Specialized High-School.
Panel member Isaac Carmignani predicted that the change will "open up opportunity for more high-performing students in all communities who are not necessarily taking specialized preparatory classes."
His colleague Laura Zingmond added that since Scrambled Paragraphs weren't aligned with state standards, replacing the section with multiple-choice reading comprehension questions similar to what students are used to seeing on Common Core tests would make the exam more accessible to all students.
Is Ms. Zingmond under the impression that all NYC students excel equally at the New York State English Language Arts (ELA) tests? Does she think no one is getting prepped for them in the same way that they are getting prepped for the SHSAT?
I can assure her that this is not the case and statistics back me up.
I can also assure her that the students doing well on the ELA are demographically similar to the ones getting into Specialized High-Schools. As are the students getting into elite Screened High-Schools, which actually take state test scores and grades into consideration when extending placement offers.
According to Mike Mascetti of the Science School Initiative, the lower-income students he works with often have a harder time getting into a school that uses multiple criteria for admissions than a school that relies exclusively on the SHSAT. "You would think a kid from East Harlem would have an easier time getting into (a Screened school) than Stuy, but that's not necessarily the case."
Meanwhile, Larry Cary, president of the Brooklyn Tech Alumni Foundation, is praising the changes and offering that, "In a public school setting, I think that it's not right to test kids on stuff which the public schools don't teach," referring to Scrambled Paragraphs.
What he does not address is that the math section is currently scheduled to remain the same. And it features Algebra – something the majority of NYC public school kids don't get in middle-school. (I go into greater details on the paradox here.)
Will that be next on the chopping block?
And just how watered down will the SHSAT need to become before it finally produces the results the DOE wants – and becomes absolutely useless to everyone in the process?
Equity Getting Into NYC High School NYC Department of Education Segregation SHSAT
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With the advent of blogs in the virtual world, the diaries and notebooks were replaced by blogs. When it comes to the world of business, marketing shifted from advertisement to WordPress blogs. This significant shift was executed by the most used and popular blog site that is the WordPress site.
1. Cost effective: Those days are way back in the past when you had to pay a hefty amount to the web designers to build your website. Then it is way too cheap to keep up with the maintenance of the site made on WordPress. The reason behind this is that you can do it on your own instead of hiring a web designer to specially make changes in your website.
2. Mobility: The changes in your website can be made from anywhere in the world. Even if you are not in the office, you can update your site on the WordPress.
3. SEO compatibility: The SEO feature of the websites made on WordPress is way too efficient. The codes that are used for building WordPress sites are easily available for Google indexing for WordPress. Then the SEO components that are there on the websites made on WordPress can be customized for each page, and you can rank the SEO rating.
4. Responsive web design: It is seen that the websites are now being mostly accessed by the users on their mobile devices. Thus the sites were required to be made according to the changing needs. WordPress gives the users that option, and on the mobile, the website becomes easily responsive.
In a nutshell, WordPress has left significant footprints on the market. The business advertisements and marketing can be easily executed. The feature of easy social media integration makes it even more convenient and you can go ahead connecting all your social accounts at once. Since the user interface is so easy to understand that you can easily switch from one designer to the other designer. This gives the ease and comfort. So go ahead with the advancements and inculcate in the business propositions.
Top 4 Reasons As To Why You Should Empower Your Business Website With WordPress!


Change in Variable Cost A cost of labour, material or the other that changes according to the change in the volume of production units. Combined with fixed costs, variable costs make up the total cost of production. While the total variable cost changes with increased production, the total fixed costs stays the same.


The key to promoting your business is variety in your marketing. Internet marketing is a great option if you have an online business. Read this article for some basic information on how to increase sales using internet marketing.
It is very beneficial to make use of site wide links. This type of link is located on every webpage of the site. Some typical ways to use a site-wide link would be to navigate a user to a contact page or the page where they place orders. Most site managers prefer to put these links near the bottom of the page, using a font that is easily readable. Include short descriptions in your menu and be sure to organize everything logically.
When coding your page be sure to include meta descriptions and tags. Search engine spiders use them to quickly evaluate the content of your website. Meta descriptions / tags will help you describe your website more accurately for search engine results. Your tags should be very closely related to your keywords; be sure not to overuse them. Use keyword tools to determine what keywords are the most useful for your target audience.
Utilize HTML to make your keyword text bold. Search engine spiders will be able to see what you want them to when your most important text is bold. It is also effective for getting visitors to notice the content you want them to read. Use keywords in titles of all your posts too.
It is important that you constantly look for new ways to market your products online. Webmasters often use SEO and other proven tactics to complement their primary marketing strategy. It is important, however, not to forget about internet marketing.
video in a short amount of time via Twitter, Facebook, Google+ and many of the other networking sites, or simply via email forwarding. When your content goes viral, it will provide a huge flurry of activity, and then fade out quickly.
However, this can generate huge profits in a short amount of time. You never know what specific things will catch people's attention in this manner, but if you concentrate on supplying out of the ordinary, humorous and unique content, anything can happen. Take the time to research past viral ads, and you can get an idea of what goes over well.
These are only a few things that you can do to increase sales using internet marketing. Be sure to look for other strategies to enhance your success.


The Urban Displacement Project is dedicated to conducting community-engaged, action oriented research to ensure the future stability and affordability of the Bay Area and other regions.
Between 2000 and 2015, as housing prices rose, the City of Richmond, the Bayview in San Francisco, and flatlands areas of Oakland and Berkeley lost thousands of low-income black households. Increases in low-income black households during the same period were concentrated in cities and neighborhoods with lower housing prices and fewer resources —such as Antioch and Pittsburg in East Contra Costa County, as well parts of Hayward and the unincorporated communities of Ashland and Cherryland in Alameda County.
Large increases in the number of low-income people of color living in areas that became newly segregated and high-poverty between 2000 and 2015 are evidence that rising housing costs and migration patterns have contributed to new concentrations of segregation and poverty in the region.
Low-income households of color were much more vulnerable than low-income white households to the impact of rapid increases in housing prices. In the Bay Area, a 30% tract-level increase in median rent paid between 2000 and 2015 was associated with a 21% decrease in low-income households of color but was not associated with a change in low-income white households.
Upon moving, a significant share of low-income people of all races not only left their county of origin but left the region altogether. For example, 40 percent of low-income black households in Alameda County who moved in 2015 left the Bay Area, another indication of regional displacement pressures.
In metropolitan regions across the country, residents face constrained, expensive housing markets and rising income inequality. As neighborhoods change and housing demand shifts, landlords are presented with a new set of financial prospects. Displacement and evictions are central components of this changing landscape, altering the geography of race and class across regions. San Mateo County, located about half way between San Francisco and San Jose in the heart of Silicon Valley, is no exception, despite having one of the highest median household incomes in California. Through in-depth phone surveys with households who live in and/or were displaced from San Mateo County communities, this study examines the relationship between displacement and housing costs and quality, commutes, neighborhood location and quality, mental and physical health, and healthcare access.
Tenants report that, aside from being formally evicted, they were harassed out by landlords, priced out by market forces, and pushed out by poor housing conditions.
After being displaced, survey respondents were forced to make difficult and precarious tradeoffs when searching for housing (e.g., substandard housing conditions, crowding, moving far away, etc.), limited by both market forces and exclusionary practices.
Approximately one in three displaced households reported some period of homelessness or marginal housing in the two years following their displacement. Several of these households remained homeless even months after they were displaced.
After being displaced, only 20 percent of households reported staying in the same neighborhood (within one mile of their previous home). Thirty-three percent of households left San Mateo County, generally moving to the Central Valley or eastern communities in the East Bay.
After being displaced, households moved to neighborhoods with fewer job opportunities on average, leading to longer, more costly commutes for households who left the county. These new neighborhoods also had more environmental and safety concerns as well as fewer healthcare resources.
Displacement was a significant disruption and trauma for respondents and their children. Two out of three children in displaced households had to change schools.
Read the research brief: Displacement in San Mateo County: California Consequences for Housing, Neighborhoods, Quality of Life, and Health.
In 2008 California passed Senate Bill 375 requiring metropolitan planning organizations (MPO) to develop Sustainable Communities Strategies (SCS) as part of their regional transportation planning process. While the implementation of these strategies has the potential for environmental and economic benefits, rising housing costs and changing neighborhood conditions may compel low-income residents and households to move out of transit-oriented neighborhoods. In our ARB-funded study we examined the relationship between fixed-rail transit neighborhoods and displacement in Los Angeles and the San Francisco Bay Area. The research modeled patterns of neighborhood change in relation to transit proximity and found that transit proximity is associated with changes in the stability of the surrounding neighborhood, such as increases in housing costs and the loss of low-income households. We find that gentrification and displacement in rail station areas would only be likely to cause an increase in auto usage and regional vehicle miles traveled (VMT) when accompanied by a significant loss of population near transit. The results support the consideration of displacement in the development of SCSs, and the research also explored the possibility of considering displacement in travel demand models used by the LA and San Francisco MPOs and via off-model tools. Finally, we examined the effectiveness of anti-displacement strategies, and the results may be useful for MPOs, local jurisdictions, and communities.
Read the report: Developing a New Methodology for Analyzing Potential Displacement.
At the regional level, both market-rate and subsidized housing reduce displacement pressures, but subsidized housing has over double the impact of market-rate units.
Market-rate production is associated with higher housing cost burden for low-income households, but lower median rents in subsequent decades.
At the local, block group level in San Francisco, neither market-rate nor subsidized housing production has the protective power they do at the regional scale, likely due to the extreme mismatch between demand and supply.
Although more detailed analysis is needed to clarify the complex relationship between development, affordability and displacement at the local scale, this research implies the importance of not only increasing production of subsidized and market-rate housing in California's coastal communities, but also investing in the preservation of housing affordability and stabilizing vulnerable communities.
Read the research brief: Housing Production, Filtering and Displacement: Untangling the Relationships.
Neighborhoods change slowly, but over time are becoming more segregated by income, due in part to macro-level increases in income inequality.
Gentrification results from both flows of capital and people. The extent to which gentrification is linked to racial transition differs across neighborhood contexts.
Commercial gentrification can also transform a neighborhood's meaning.
New fixed-rail transit has a generally positive effect on both residential and commercial property values, but its impact varies substantially according to context.
Proximity to high quality schools and parks, as well as access to highways, increases home values.
Displacement takes many different forms—direct and indirect, physical or economic, and exclusionary—and may result from either investment or disinvestment.
Despite severe data and analytic challenges in measuring the extent of displacement, most studies agree that gentrification at a minimum leads to exclusionary displacement and may push out some renters as well.
Previous studies have failed to build a cumulative understanding of displacement because they have utilized different definitions, compared different populations, and adopted a relatively short timeframe; there is not even agreement on what constitutes a significant effect.
Existing studies rarely account or proxy for regional market strength, which undermines their relevance to particular contexts.
Download our full literature review. This literature review has also been published as a working paper by the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco available here and as an academic article in the Journal of Planning Literature (2017) available here.
As part of the Regional Early Warning System for Displacement project funded by the Metropolitan Transportation Commission, UC Berkeley conducted regional data analysis to better understand the nature and drivers of gentrification and displacement, which was validated through 9 neighborhood case studies. From this analysis, and with careful review and input from an advisory committee, we developed 8 neighborhood typologies to help communities better characterize their experience and risks in an effort to raise awareness and stimulate action.
Read an executive summary of our project's key findings.
Read our article about the Urban Displacement Project and gentrification warning systems in other metros.
In 2009, we developed an early warning toolkit for gentrification with funding from the Association of Bay Area Governments. Read our early warning gentrification report.


ASV: If ye will not hear, and if ye will not lay it to heart, to give glory unto my name, saith Jehovah of hosts, then will I send the curse upon you, and I will curse your blessings; yea, I have cursed them already, because ye do not lay it to heart.
BBE: If you will not give ear and take it to heart, to give glory to my name, says the Lord of armies, then I will send the curse on you and will put a curse on your blessing: truly, even now I have put a curse on it, because you do not take it to heart.
DBY: If ye do not hear, and if ye do not lay it to heart, to give glory unto my name, saith Jehovah of hosts, I will even send the curse among you, and I will curse your blessings: yea, I have already cursed them, because ye do not lay it to heart.
JPS: If ye will not hearken, and if ye will not lay it to heart, to give glory unto My name, saith the LORD of hosts, then will I send the curse upon you, and I will curse your blessings; yea, I curse them, because ye do not lay it to heart.
WBS: If ye will not hear, and if ye will not lay it to heart, to give glory to my name, saith the LORD of hosts, I will even send a curse upon you, and I will curse your blessings; yes, I have cursed them already, because ye do not lay it to heart.
WEB: If you will not listen, and if you will not lay it to heart, to give glory to my name," says Yahweh of Armies, "then will I send the curse on you, and I will curse your blessings. Indeed, I have cursed them already, because you do not lay it to heart.
YLT: If ye hearken not, and if ye lay [it] not to heart, To give honour to My name, said Jehovah of Hosts, I have sent against you the curse, And I have cursed your blessings, Yea, I have also cursed it, Because ye are not laying [it] to heart.


text:
Q: Flutter - Hide FAB Button on swipe I have a Scaffold with a TabBarView and a FloatingActionButton. I want to hide this FAB whenever I swipe to the last tab. For that, I wrote the following code:
@override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();

    widget._tabBarController = new TabController(length: 3, vsync: this);
    widget._tabBarController.addListener(() {
      if (widget._tabBarController.index == 2) {
        setState(() => widget._visibleFab = false);
      } else {
        setState(() => widget._visibleFab = true);
      }
    });
  }

FAB Button withing the Scaffold
Visibility(
  visible: widget._visibleFab,
  child: FloatingActionButton.extended(
  elevation: .75,
  label: new Text("My Action Button",
  style: TextStyle(
    fontWeight: FontWeight.w900,
    color: statusColor,
    letterSpacing: 0.2)),
  onPressed: () {

  },
  backgroundColor: Colors.white,
  icon: Icon(Icons.chat, color: statusColor),
  isExtended: true,
))

It works, but it takes about half second to hide it when I move to the last tab when I swipe. Unless I touch this last tab directly, without swipe the page, then it get hidden instantly.
Why is that?

A: Change your build method to return null if you don't want the Fab.
eg.
 floatingActionButton: _createFloatingActionButton(),

 Widget _createFloatingActionButton() {
    if (!_tfFabVisible) {
      return null;
    }
    return FloatingActionButton(
      onPressed: _btnSubmitPressed,

A: I end up deciding to use a Scaffold for each TabBarView. Now I can set up a FloatActionButton and a BottomNavigatorBar for each tab without hassle.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
El lema de Yoneda en teoría de las categorías nos permite sumergir una categoría en otra categoría de funtores definida sobre aquella, y clarifica cómo la categoría sumergida se relaciona con los objetos de la categoría de funtores que la sumerge. Es una herramienta importante que se encuentra subyacente a varios de los desarrollos modernos en geometría algebraica y teoría de la representación. Es una extensa generalización del teorema de Cayley de la teoría de grupos (todo grupo es un monoide, que es a su vez una categoría con un solo objeto).

Algo sobre su filosofía

Hablando en general, el lema de Yoneda sugiere que en vez de investigar la categoría (pequeña) C, podemos estudiar la categoría de todos los funtores desde C a la categoría Set (donde Set es la categoría de todos los conjuntos con las aplicaciones en el papel de morfismos). Set es la categoría que mejor entendemos, y un funtor de C a Set puede verse como una "representación" de C en términos de estructuras conocidas. La categoría original C está contenida en dicha categoría de funtores, pero en esta aparecerán objetos nuevos que en cierto modo estaban escondidos en C. Tratando tales objetos nuevos como los viejos en C a menudo unificamos y simplificamos la teoría.

Este modo de ver es parecido (y de hecho lo generaliza) al método corriente de estudiar un anillo mediante el estudio de los módulos sobre el anillo. El anillo haría el papel de la categoría C, y la categoría de funtores donde se le embebe sería la categorías de módulos sobre el anillo embebido.

Lema de Yoneda
Un objeto A de una categoría C define un funtor covariante de C en la categoría Set de los conjuntos :

De esta manera disponemos de un funtor contravariante de C en la categoría Func(C,Set) de los funtores contravariantes de C en Set. Todo morfismo de A a B en la categoría C induce un morfismo de  en . El lema de Yoneda afirma que estos son los únicos morfismos de los que disponemos; además, mediante el lema se caracterizan los conjuntos de morfismos de  a cualquier otro funtor de C a Set.

Enunciado
Para todo objeto  de una categoría , todo morfismo  de  sobre un funtor  está definido únicamente por el elemento de  que se define como la imagen de  en  por . Más precisamente, disponemos de una biyección:

En particular, para todos los objetos  y  de , tenemos que , donde
h se denomina el embebimiento de Yoneda.

Demostración

Inyectividad
Con las notaciones de arriba, consideremos  un morfismo de  sobre . Para todo elemento  en , tenemos :

Aplicando a esta identidad la aplicación conjuntista , obtenemos :

donde la segunda igualdad viene de la definición de un morfismo de funtores. El elemento  es por tanto la imagen de  mediante . De hecho, haciendo variar f, se demuestra que  está unívocamente determinadad por . La aplicación dada es inyectiva.

Sobreyectividad
Sea un elemento v de . La prueba de la inyectividad permite intuir un (forzosamente único) antecedente de v. Para todo objeto B de C, definimos :

Verifiquemos que  es un morfimo de funtores. Para toda flecha  y para todo elemento f de , podemos escribir :

Ahora bien, la composición g.f puede ser vista como la imagen def por . Por tanto, la identidad obtenida se reescribe:

Haciendo variar f :

Siendo esto verificado para toda flecha g,  es un funtor de  sobre  y su imagen es casi por definición v (se ha definido para ello).

Teoría de categorías
Yoneda
Yoneda, lema

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
'We need support': Limerick FC chief in bid for fresh investment in Super Blues
Nick Rabbitts
'Far down the road' with development plans for Bruff: Limerick FC boss Pat O'Sullivan, who chairs the city's senior soccer outfit
EXCITING redevelopment plans at Limerick FC's training base in Bruff are set to be unveiled in the next month, club chairman Pat O'Sullivan has said.
Mr O'Sullivan, who chairs the city's senior soccer outfit, has confirmed big plans to redevelop the former FCJ convent in the town which since 2014 has been its training, business and community headquarters.
"It's going to be fantastic," he said, "We're not going to disclose what we're doing there for the moment. We're building a web site for it, we have a lot of work done on the inside. We will soon formally announce what we're doing there."
He told the Limerick Leader that planning applications for new pitches at the facility, known as Kirby O'Sullivan Park, will be made "in the not too distant future".
"We are very far down the road with a large section of the main convent. I would say in about a month's time, we will have an open day for the public to come out and see what we're all about," the Ballylanders businessman added.
Meanwhile, Mr O'Sullivan – who has invested millions of euro since he took the reigns at the Markets Field outfit in 2009 – reiterated his need to reduce his investment in the club.
To this end, he is hosting an evening aimed at developing a strategy for the growth of the Airtricity Premier League club at the Savoy Hotel.
Kicking off at 7.30pm this Tuesday, May 8, businesses from across the city and county are invited to lend their support to Limerick FC, with the event being addressed by members of the side's management team including first team boss Tommy Barrett.
The event will highlight the good work being done in the community, and Mr O'Sullivan says he believes with the right support, Uefa European soccer can be brought to Shannonside.
The event comes hot on the heels of a similar event the club held in Dublin.
Mr O'Sullivan said: "Limerick people based in Dublin were really taken aback by the amount of work we do, so we have decided to do something similar in Limerick in the hope people can financially support the club. We would say companies could use it for their Corporate Social Responsibility Projects, for those who do not have them. Then of course they can contribute to the club through that."
He pointed out tax savings can be made on any expenditure made to the club.
Before the 2018 season got under way, Mr O'Sullivan said in a video to Super Blues fans that he hopes to sell his majority share, stressing there is a €500,000 gap needing to be bridged to advance Limerick.
Since that message in January, Mr O'Sullivan confirmed there have been people "showing an expression of interest."
"But it hasn't gone any further," he added, "Things are going on in the background. But there's nothing to say we're near to concluding an agreement or anything like this."
For the time being, he says, he remains "as involved as ever".
"But at my age, I cannot keep doing everything I'm doing. I need some financial support and other support. Why is it being left to one person to carry the financial load. Bear in mind we have six national teams and I'm carrying the load for all of this. It's not fair, it's not reasonable, and I think it will be a reflecting of a city maturing insofar as the people, the corporates and the council executives recognise the importance of our sport and give us formal backing," he said.
Mr O'Sullivan called for a more positive dialogue around the club, adding: "Imagine if we were able to bring European soccer to the city. People criticise us but the discussion needs to be a lot more positive, more about what we can do to make the team better. This is an opportunity for companies to take more of a role in the forefront."
One of the things he is looking at developing out in Bruff is a soccer training camp for girls aged 11 to 13 who might not be involved in any structures in the city, in order to build their confidence.


Lawd, I stood so much rain within the times of years before.
with strains of music to enchance the soul.
we the slaves of hundreds of years endured through our master's hand.
The intimidation, loss of love ones sold for less than their worth.
Shall I enlighten you? Yes I should.
Ole' Master duncan rode us like a tired mule in the snow.
just work as I say or my whip will end your complaints.
My worst day was 1768, the day my daddy was sold to the highest bidder.
He stood on the makeshift platform for slaves to be sold.
Helpless, I watched as they command him to turn this way and that.
Masters shouting bids for my daddy like he was livestock.
of her heart breaking from losing her man.
Ole' Master Sims bidded the highest and My daddy was gone.
Just gone from my sight forever.
My mama just stood there.
She just stood there looking at the empty space where daddy had stood.
I stood next to mama as she said "How will we stand the rain?"
To see a loved one taken away forever without a goodbye or a hug.
Could You stand the Rain?
for those who suffered through all their pain.
because it is the most precious gift within your sight.
not by the master's threats of pain or death.
You can control this gift.
through education not Drugs or Alcohol.
you have what it takes to survive without killing your own.
cause Ancestors years before have paved the way.
if so kick them out of the way.
all I can ask of you.


Special Offers: Need some merch?! Music and art lovers find your swag at our Gear Shop – discounts with show tickets apply. Inquire at our Gear Shop for details before or after the show.
Join us for dinner and drinks before the show at our House of Blues Restaurant & Bar, make a reservation here or or enjoy the flipside of House of Blues at B Side for a little edgier, a little rowdier gastrolounge cuisine and cocktails experience, learn more here.
Additional Details: All General Admission tickets are STANDING ROOM ONLY. All support acts are subject to change without notice. Valid photo I.D. is required to gain entry to the venue for shows that are 18+, it is the patron's responsibility to check and abide by posted age limits when purchasing tickets. Anyone under the age of 16 must be accompanied by a parent or guardian (18+) with a valid photo I.D. to gain entry to the venue.No professional cameras, chain wallets & studded belts or jewelry.


Organized labour groups in Ontario hope to derail some of Premier Doug Ford's plans by persuading backbench Progressive Conservatives that the government is on the wrong track.
Organized labour groups in Ontario hope to derail some of Premier Doug Ford's plans by trying to make backbench Progressive Conservatives worry about losing the support of their constituents.
Labour leaders revealed the strategy in interviews with CBC News on the sidelines of an Ontario Federation of Labour (OFL) conference on Monday that drew some 800 delegates to talk tactics for opposing the Ford government.
"We know that politicians don't like it in their home ridings when they're having the heat turned up on them," OFL president Chris Buckley said in an interview.
Buckley said the plan is to get as many voters as possible in each PC-held riding to send a message to Ford's MPPs.
"This government is going to attack workers and the labour movement is not going to sit back and let it happen," Buckley said. "We're going to push back as hard as we can."
While the union movement still intends to organize large protests around the Ford government's first budget April 11 and the June 7 anniversary of the PC election victory, the less raucous methods of communicating directly to MPPs will play a central role.
Ford "doesn't seem to care" about protests, "but his backbenchers will care," said Smokey Thomas, president of the Ontario Public Service Employees Union (OPSEU).
"In my union, what we've being doing is we're trying to get meetings with backbenchers, stoking that discontent among the backbenchers," Thomas said in an interview Monday at the OFL event.
This comes after Ford disparaged union leaders during a news conference last week.
"I differentiate between labour and labour leadership," Ford said in Ottawa last Friday. "I love the front-line teachers and we may not see eye-to-eye with the head of the unions because all they want to do is collect their union dues and start pocketing into their pockets.
"That's language to divide the workers from the unions and I think that's a loser move on his part," said Thomas.
Labour leaders know that unionized workers are not uniformly opposed to the Ford government. Buckley cites polling that suggests 30 per cent of union members in Ontario voted PC in the last election.
"It's time to educate these people and let them know exactly what the government is about to do and turn them around," Buckley said.
"We are going to energize people when they leave here today to go back into their communities and educate those around them that Doug Ford is not a friend of workers, that Doug Ford is not for the people,"
Asked by CBC News about the labour movement's plans, Finance Minister VicFedeli said, "I would suggest to them, it might behoove them to wait until they see this budget."


text:
The Sorcerer's Apparatus
Timothy Erik Ström's website
Book: Globalization and Surveillance
PhD: Mapping Google Maps
Tim Ström
'The Sorcerer's Apparatus'
20 Years of Google: Part III: Control and Abstract
Young Mary Shelly, (2010) Esao Andrews
Part III: Abstract and Control
Citation: Ström, Timothy Erik. Abstract and Control: Twenty Years of Google. Arena Magazine (Fitzroy, Vic), No. 156, Oct 2018: 35-39.
The story of Google is a telling case study in the analysis of contemporary society, reorganised as it has been by the mutations of cybernetic capitalism. The company's history has been one of deep enthrallment with technology, typically cast in naive 'how-cool-is-that' terms—it is a story peppered with geeky tropes and various vacuous watchwords like 'innovation', 'entrepreneurial' and, of course, lots and lots of 'growth'. In addition to its remarkable ability to extract wealth and accumulate power, Google has, from the beginning, had extraordinary ambition. This was evident back in 1998 when the co-founders formulated the fledgling company's mission statement: to 'organize the world's information and make it universally accessible and useful'. Rooted in the cultural assumptions of utilitarian engineering and a cybernetic remix of the capitalist dream of infinite expansion, the imperial informatics of this mission statement exhibit a totalising control fantasy that is as ambitious as it is ignorant.
In addition to being the twenty-year anniversary of Google, 2018 is also the 200-year anniversary of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus. In this book, arguably the founding text of science fiction, Shelley vividly captured the hubris of modernity in the tragic figure of Victor Frankenstein. This connection is significant for the saga of Google, as the tech titan exemplifies hubris in its modern form, weaving a combination of overweening pride, arrogance and ignorance. The company sometimes takes this so far as to make even the older notion of hubris relevant: excessive pride insulting to the gods and resulting in disaster, the consequence of a fatal character flaw.
Such extreme hubris is neatly captured in Google's devotion of enormous resources to the dubious project of attempting to create artificial intelligence (AI). This project seeks to produce a computing machine capable of thought: to manufacture subjectivity, to program a soul, which is to say the vital force that transforms matter into something capable of thought, feeling and experience. It is, in short, an attempt to become as a god capable of breathing life into inorganic matter, thus paralleling the grim obsession of Frankenstein. If this were possible in the first place—and it is a fairly big 'if'—and if Google somehow proved to be successful in its quest, it would be the holder of the intellectual-property rights to its creation, hence reinventing slavery in producing an intelligent being fundamentally the private property of the corporation-as-god.
Of course, Google, and the other corporate and military pursuers of AI, are far more abstracted in their pursuit of the god-like ability to create life than Frankenstein's sewing together of dead flesh. Indeed, they are bent on creating the ultimate Cartesian subject: a mind without a body. The fact that AI would exist within the circuits of a computer would make it a fundamentally different form of being from humans. All aspects of human intelligence are formed by the ultimate embodiment of our minds, a process that begins before birth in our mothers' wombs. We are formed, constituted, in the social relationships between generations. The decades we spend in our extended childhood in the social womb—the care and support given by a community—make us the kind of complex creatures we are. A computer in a laboratory would have a totally different 'embodiment', leading to an utterly alien form of intelligence.
The cybernetic flattening of the manifest differences between people and machines is evident when Google's co-founders casually remark that in the future a search function 'will be included in people's brains'. As Larry Page said: 'Eventually you'll have the implant, where if you think about a fact, it will just tell you the answer'. Putting aside the philosophical issues inherent in this problematic Cartesian cybernetics, this ambition again exemplifies the hubris of the techno-sciences. This fantasy can be seen as another effort to transform the corporation into an omniscient provider of all the answers that one needs in life. If this were possible—an even bigger 'if' this time—it is fair to assume that embedding a cybernetic commodity produced by an advertising-surveillance company into a human thought-organ would utterly transform the kind of creature we are in ways that, it is easy to imagine, could lead to a kind of neuro-tech totalitarianism. It provides a decidedly unmetaphorical example of how cybernetic capitalism seeks to embed itself within people's life-worlds in order to encourage consumer ism, conformity and control. The implant is a vivid illustration of this, but perhaps the tech titans do not need to pierce the skin—smartphones, which are usually kept within a metre of one's body, twentyfour hours a day, are already a hugely effective link to the overarching apparatus of cybernetic capitalism.
Google's hubris extends into the ancient alchemical quest for immortality. Through its biotech research-and-development arm, Calico—an acronym for 'California Life Company'—it sets its sights on combatting ageing, associated diseases and, ultimately, death. Spanning the fields of medicine, pharmaceuticals, molecular biology, genetic engineering and computational biology, Calico seeks to create technological interventions to remake the human condition. One of Google's prominent employees, its 'director of engineering' Ray Kurzweil, has repeatedly made the public claim that he will be one of the first people to live forever. He is convinced that medical technology is increasingly extending lifespans and that we will very soon be able to 'outrun our own deaths'.
Amazingly, the tech titans go a step further, looking not only to create life but to build a kind of god. This will take the form of the 'technological singularity', whereby AI, accelerating exponentially with a chain reaction feedback loop of infinite self improvement, will lead to the emergence of a super intelligence that will totally surpass humanity. Many proponents of this theory imagine that the super-intelligent computing machine will reorganise all of society and nature after its cybernetic image, redeeming humanity from its fallen state and lifting us into a disembodied realm of limitless control and total mastery. Google even funds the 'Singularity University', a Silicon Valley think-tank / business incubator that seeks to encourage this god-building enterprise.
As Shelley acutely captured it 200 years ago, the hubris that Google exhibits—and that bleeds across much of cybernetics and the techno-sciences, and the various administrators, engineers and capitalists who feed on it—is a constitutive element in capitalist modernity itself. Frankenstein's words echo down to us today: 'Life and Death appeared to me ideal bounds, which I should first break through… A new species would bless me as its creator and source; many happy and excellent natures would owe their being to me'. Google's ambitions reveal an astounding overestimation of its powers and capabilities, as well as a worrying loss of contact with human reality in all of its gritty messiness, which is of deep concern considering the political power that the company wields. Much of this can be interpreted as an extremely well-funded control fantasy; indeed, it likely says as much about the fear and limitations of cybernetic capitalists as it does about any actual future.
Google and Democracy
The subtitle of Shelley's novel—The Modern Prometheus —sets the book's tone as a mythic warning, an exploration of an emerging desire to break boundaries and to push the limits of nature through science, to reorganise the world in ways that we imagine better suit our schemes. The book explored this modern hubris through the narrative of Frankenstein's experiment, which began in a dorm room in total secrecy, with Frankenstein gripped by an obsession with newfound powers of creation and control. Once his creation springs to life, Franken stein fails to extend compassion to it; he flees the scene screaming, and he hides his dark secret until it is too late.
Two centuries later, it is not the lone maverick scientist working in secrecy but, rather, the well-resourced institutions of official science that are the typical locus of scientific work. Since the Second World War, research and development, especially in the techno-sciences, has been the preserve of enormous corporations working closely with universities and the military. Vast intellectual energy is spent developing systems of abstract control, largely to foster unneeded consump tion. As with Frankenstein's creature, Google began as a dorm-room experiment. Since then, it has expanded to become a global institution and a major R&D player, but much of its research is conducted under cover of various forms of secrecy. Here intellectual-property rights, competition, public relations, military funding and 'national security' come together in such a way as to enable elite-led and elite-serving technological development.
The profoundly anti-democratic structure of the Google empire is highly significant for our historical moment. In the previous instalment in this series of articles I noted how most of the company's decision-making power is controlled by the three white male billionaires at the top of the monopolistic company's apex. The total lack of democracy within Google does not stop its elites from publicly exalting the virtues of democracy in their selfproclaimed company philosophy. Under the heading 'Democracy on the web works', they write:
Google search works because it relies on the millions of individuals posting links on websites to help determine which other sites offer content of value. We assess the importance of every web page using more than 200 signals and a variety of techniques, including our patented PageRank™ algorithm, which analyzes which sites have been 'voted' to be the best sources of information by other pages across the web. As the web gets bigger, this approach actually improves, as each new site is another point of information and another vote to be counted.
In this, Google equates hyperlinks with votes and votes with democracy, thereby morphing 'rule by the people' into a highly abstracted and formalised form of online popularity. This is closer to a highly abstracted fashion index than a political system for social self-determination. Indeed, there is virtually nothing of the rich history of democracy left in the way that Google uses or explains it. At first, all that seems to be on offer is a trademarked link-analysis algorithm owned by a multinational corporation.
Beneath this lies another, more powerful ideological view of democracy. The idea that corporate globalisation furthers the spread of democracy draws on the dubious assertion that freedom, free markets and democracy are synonymous. This suspicious collapsing of concepts is bound up with the arguments made by mainstream economists that the 'free market' will somehow allow avarice to be transmuted into the best possible society for everyone, everywhere, always. In a world of spiralling inequalities, the manifest failure of this dismal argument is readily apparent, although the priests of profit continue to claim that it is reality that is wrong, not their model. Meanwhile, social power continues to concentrate at the apex of cybernetic capitalism at the expense of most of the world's inhabitants.
Nevertheless, Google's elite are very fond of claiming that they— and technology more broadly—are a basic force for democratisation. In the corporation's quasi-official management text How Google Works, the company's top executives claim that the 'Internet Century' has brought 'global growth within anyone's reach'; that: 'We have the democratization of just about everything—information, connectivity, computing, manufacturing, distribution, [and] talent'. Sundar Pichai, Google's CEO after its reshuffle into the conglomerate holding company Alphabet, claims that Google believes 'in leveling the playing field for everyone. The Internet is one of the world's most powerful equalizers, and we see it as our job to make it available to as many people as possible'. He goes on:
For us, technology is not about the devices or the products we build. Those aren't the end-goals. Technology is a democratizing force, empowering people through information. Google is an information company. It was when it was founded, and it is today. And it's what people do with that information that amazes and inspires me every day.
It is certainly true that the uneven spread of the web around the world has made access to instant communication and wide-ranging information available to anyone with the equipment, funds and skills to access it. Yet, contrary to the assumption among the cyber-capitalists, simply having access to a communication network does not equal democracy. As I detailed in the previous installment in this series, Google is an advertising company, which is to say that it works to manipulate people's practices, trying to align them with the interests of commercial organisations and systematically promoting consumerism. It is a new techno twist in an old story of advertisers seeking to produce desires. In the 1960s Raymond Williams noted: 'Advertising is the consequence of a social failure to find means of public information and decision over a wide range of everyday economic life. This failure, of course, is not abstract. It is the result of allowing control of the means of production and distribution to remain in minority hands'. In the half-century since Williams made this analysis, since the rise of the 'free market' and its solidification into new forms of monopoly capital, the consequences of this failure have only become more apparent and ownership far more concentrated. The systematic prioritisation of advertising, consumerism and commercial interests comes at the direct expense of meaningful forms of political and economic democracy. At the same time as the internet has expanded into everyday life, other profoundly anti-democratic phenomena have run in parallel with it. Over the last few decades politics has been characterised by a huge increase in focus groups, polling, lobbying, spin doctors and public relations, as well as increasingly abstract and predatory financial practices and deep militarisation of society, which serve to project radical new forms of control onto the organisation of society. This has emerged simultaneously with a growing and generalised resentment against the decaying system, with increasingly toxic results.
The abject failure of the internet to have revitalised democracy does not prevent cyber-capitalists from touting the coming of an electronic agora or democratic utopia. An example of this is Google's pronouncement that on 'the world stage, the most significant impact of the spread of communication technologies will be the way they help reallocate the concentration of power away from states and institutions and transfer it to individuals'. In claims like this, cyber-capitalists unequivocally equate corporate power with people power, thus privatising what was once the public good.
The discourse of digital democracy often refers to Thomas Jefferson, who seems to be the historical hero of choice for cyber-capitalism's 'democratic' impulse. Jefferson championed the rights of American artisans, farmers and frontier business men for self-determination, which his liberal ideology led him to believe required widespread ownership of private property. He also argued that black people were not worthy of inclusion in the social contract because, while they were undeniably human, they were property, and whenever the 'rights of man' conflicted with the rights of property the latter had to prevail.
'Information is the currency of democracy.' This quote, often spuriously attributed to Jefferson, has been widely influential in cyber-capitalist discourse. It is curious because of its central mon etary metaphor, 'currency', which serves to interpret democracy in the terms of the market. It is also curious to note that the notion 'information' referred to something far less abstract when Jefferson is said to have uttered it in comparison to what it refers to now, after the rise of cybernetic and information-processing computing machines. Having purged demo cracy of such concepts as 'social justice' or 'self-determination', cyber-capitalists appear to equate it with technological transmissions in an unregulated global market.
As well as this cyber-market version of democracy there is another version of 'democracy' in play in how Google understands and promotes the term, one that essentially means 'subordinate to US foreign policy'. In a best-selling book called The New Digital Age, Google's top executives tell readers they want to promote democracy in a number of 'problem areas' around the world, conjuring up an eerily familiar list of countries, including Afghanistan, China, Cuba, Iran, Iraq, North Korea, Russia, Somalia, Syria, Venezuela and Yemen. That Google's executives cite the same list of naughty countries as the Pentagon is unsurprising when one considers that Google has become a top military contractor. The tech titan has enormous Pentagon, Homeland Security and police contracts, promoting itself to top US war-makers as an innovative can-do problem-solver ready to take on the world's biggest challenges, such as global terrorism. Thus The New Digital Age proposes 'public-private partnerships' with companies like Google to help prevent the 'radicalization of youth':
Technology companies are uniquely positioned to lead this effort inter nationally. Many of the most prominent ones have all the values of a democratic society with none of the baggage of being a government—they can go where governments can't, speak to people off the diplomatic radar and operate in the neutral, universal language of technology. Moreover… [the tech industry] has perhaps the best understanding of how to distract young people… These companies may not understand the nuances of radicalization or the differences between specific populations in key theaters like Yemen, Iraq and Somalia, but they do understand young people and the toys they like to play with. Only once we have their attention can we hope to win their hearts and minds.
So, rather than considering systemic problems—such as gaping inequality, environmental degradation, colonial legacies, US military aggression or the lack of any meaningful form of democracy—the Google elite believe that technologically enhanced consumerism will cure the world's ills, especially when backed up by cybernetic war machines. They seem to be suggesting that people in 'key theaters' should not be concerned with the drones that buzz overhead but rather focus on the commodities that plug them into Google's circuits of surveillance-fuelled accumulation. 'Democracy' will be sure to follow.
Google CEO from 2001 to 2015 Eric Schmidt has defended the company's practices, saying: 'I am very proud of the structure that we set up. We did it based on the incentives that the governments offered us to operate […] It's called capitalism. We are proudly capitalistic. I'm not confused about this'. And Schmidt is correct: Google's executive were incentivised by governments to create a world-spanning capital accumulating apparatus. In an op-ed published in The Guardian, Schmidt justifies these practices using the classic neoliberal line that too much corporate tax results in 'less innovation, less growth and less job creation'. Schmidt claims that 'politicians—not companies—set the rules' but also claims : 'The average American doesn't realize how much of the laws are written by lobbyists'. And, sure enough, according to voluntary disclosures, Google spends a huge amount on lobbying the US government. In 2012 it spent over $18 million on lobbying, the second highest amount spent by a company, topped only by General Electric. This lobbying effort was partly motivated by the Federal Trade Commission proposal that anti-trust action be pursued against Google, which allegedly had abused its monopoly. In 2014 it spent more on lobbying than any other corporation in the United States, employing 122 full-time lobbyists in Washington—split half Democrat, half Republican—all housed in a building larger than the White House. These lobbyists, ninety-eight of whom have previously held government jobs, lobby on a diverse array of issues, including intellectual-property enforcement, homeland security and the Trans-Pacific Partnership. In 2012 the corporation hired twenty-five lobbying companies to act on its behalf, and gave the third-largest contribution to Obama's 2012 re-election campaign. All of these practices have continued and intensified, with Google breaking its own enormous spending record in the second quarter of 2018, forking out more on lobbying than ever before. This corrosive, corrupting practice is spread across capitalism more generally, with other tech titans Amazon and Facebook also breaking their own spending records in this quarter. In all cases, the ability to extract wealth translates directly to the ability to project the power of a particular corporation onto the formal political practices.
Many of these facts point to the rapid rotation of the 'revolving door': the rulership of a group of people who move in circular fashion from government positions as regulators and legislators to work for corporations in the areas they formally regulated and legislated, and vice versa. Much of the global power elite is enmeshed in a veritable clockwork of revolving doors, all greased by cash and moving to keep the circuits of accumulation and control spinning. One study of Google's relationship with the Obama regime found that representatives from the firm attended White House meetings more than once a week on average after Obama's election until late 2015, with a total of 427 visits, including twenty-one audiences with the president himself. They also found almost 250 cases of people moving from positions within Google to positions within the federal govern ment, and vice versa. Seven of these even completed a full revolving-door circuit, going from one to the other and back again. The vertical integration Google has achieved with the US government can be regarded as a 'true publicprivate partnership', with the study concluding: 'Google doesn't just lobby the White House for favors, but collaborates with officials, effectively serving as a sort of corporate extension of government operations in the digital era'.
In addition to lobbying and revolving doors, Google engages in a number of other tactics to increase its ability to project power. These include throwing lavish parties, supporting political campaigns, providing training to journalists, and bankrolling 'coin-operated' academics so that they can produce nominally independent research that validates the cyber-capitalist firm's practices. Such academics can be found with the Law and Economic Centre at George Madison University, an institution with a long history of advocating for corporate interests. Its list of corporate donors is extensive, including representatives of big pharma (Pfizer), big oil (ExxonMobil), big finance (Visa), big tobacco (Altria), big war (Raytheon) and big business in general (the US Chamber of Commerce).
Google also finances sympathetic research from various think-tanks, advocacy groups and nonprofits that aggressively pursue pro-big-business agendas while casting them as public-interest projects. In the United States corporations are not required to publicly disclose their funding of advocacy groups, but Google has chosen to release some detail of the non-profits it funds. It financially supports almost 100 organisations from across an extremely limited section of the ideological spectrum: from neoliberal groups, such as the Progressive Policy Institute and the Competitive Enterprise Institute, to neoconservative groups, such as the American Conservative Union and the Cato Institute. Google claims that its political funding is 'balanced'—a dubious claim at the best of times—but this claim becomes utterly unsustainable when one considers an issue like global warming. There are not 'two proportional sides' to this debate, and by directly funding numerous climate-change-denial groups, such as the Heritage Foundation, Google is actively contributing to the toxic propaganda that is helping to usher in the Sixth Mass Extinction. No amount of green-washing changes this.
The world that Google is helping to bring about is a world of spiraling inequality, where those at the techno-finance apex acquire dizzying levels of riches at the expense of ordinary people everywhere. This financial concentration is paralleled by a grotesque concentration of social power in the hands of an elite whose connection with the reality they profit from is deeply questionable. It is a world that is enormously both bureaucratic, with an array of global administrators pushing standardisations and upholding intellectual-property rights to ensure the effective extraction of profits, and a dangerous one, where the 'rights' of corporations are defended, extended and enforced by spooks, police and military powers. It is an unstable world, driven by the ruinous capitalist doctrine of infinite growth within finite nature, including finite human nature, resulting in people's short attention spans and fractured consciousness, and the toxification and collapse of ecosystems. It is a world of abstract information, disembodied communication, endless consumption, and altogether a world that is just so damn convenient. Rather than starting from the deeply flawed assumptions of abstraction and control that have characterised modern hubris, it would be better to begin below and consider what kind of world we want to create and what kind of beings we want to become. This is a political, ethical and imaginative exercise that necessarily involves far more than any technocratic elite. It may well be that much could be redeemed of these cybernetic technologies if they were reworked at human scale according to the bottom-up logic of an embodied democracy. This is not the place to explore the various ways in which localisation, common ownership, worker self-organisation and a dramatic reduction in consumption levels could lead to a different world. Suffice to say, any serious thinking about alternative worlds must consider the question of technology and the way it is produced, practised and organised. What is sorely lacking today is any means by which to democratically evaluate and shape the technological reconstitution of nature and the kinds of societies we create.
Weaving through much larger structures of technological abstraction and control, Google is a powerful thread helping to stitch together this globalising monster. With its bright brand image and optimism, it is a 'human face' grafted onto the inhuman apparatus of cybernetic capitalism. In the Greek epics, hubris would often see a hero overstep the boundaries of human limitations, provoking the gods and triggering the hero's downfall. In an age of collapsing ecosystems and shattered social relations, where the rate of toxins tends to increase and the rate of profit to fall, it is tempting to imagine the wrath of the gods in nature itself, to imagine it in the storms and droughts, wildfires and rising seas. Rather than creating intelligent machines and immortal billionaires, perhaps we might still heed Mary Shelley's cautionary tale. With his dying breath, Victor Frankenstein uttered a warning against hubris into the frozen Arctic air. We could interpret this as a warning that the quest for ultimate control may well lead to the utterly uncontrollable.


text:
gregory vershbow
No Such place
Art in a Liminal Space
ground's end / strange specimens
flood line
Lost Archive
The Alchemist's Tree >
flight study
Some Symmetry
philip lusterko & the memory machine >
Picturing Wall-Drawings (Collaboration with Wilson Harding Lawrence)
earlier work >
views of moscow 2004
merging 2008
desires 2008
select reviews
Gregory Vershbow's photographs hinge between the imagined and the observed. His work consists of photographic series and narrative books that combine his photography with original drawings and text. Joining the history of science with art history, and working both digitally and with experimental chemistry, Vershbow seeks an alternative experience of the past and present.
Vershbow received his MFA from the Massachusetts College of Art and Design in 2010 and holds a B.A in photography and biology from Hampshire College. His books and photographs have been exhibited in solo shows on the east coast and can be found in permanent collections which include the Art institute of Chicago, the Getty Museum and the Boston Athenaeum.