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Lánczi Tamás (? 1978. november  ) magyar politológus, Lánczi András fia. 2017 februárjától 2019. márciusáig a Figyelő című hetilap főszerkesztője volt. Blogja a Mozgástér.

Életpályája
Tanulmányait az Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem Állam- és Jogtudományi Karon végezte, ahol 2003-ban szerzett diplomát politológiából. 2004-2005-ben a Századvég Politikai Iskolában európai belpolitikát oktatott. 2008-ban az American Council of Youth Political Leaders programnak volt a tagja.

A második Orbán-kormányban 2010-től 2011-ig a Közigazgatási és Igazságügyi Minisztérium helyettes államtitkáraként Navracsics Tibor miniszteri kabinetfőnöke volt. 2012-től a Századvég Alapítványnál volt vezető elemző. 2017 februárjától a Figyelő című hetilap főszerkesztője. Nagy felháborodást váltott ki a Figyelő 2018/15. lapszámában megjelent lista, amiben név szerint sorolják fel a kormánypropaganda által Soros-zsoldosnak kikiáltott magánszemélyeket, oktatókat, újságírókat és civil szervezeteket.

2015.06.09.-től a Danube Business Consulting Ltd. Londonban bejegyzett cég igazgatója. A nem kormányközeli média szerint a cég Habony Árpád érdekeltségébe tartozik.

Feltételezések szerint a Schmidt Mária és Liszkay Gábor közötti konfliktusok, valamit a Figyelő csökkenő eladási számai vezethettek ahhoz, hogy 2019 márciusában Lánczi Tamást leváltották a főszerkesztői pozícióból.

Források
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További információk
 168ora.hu
 444.hu

1978-ban született személyek
Magyar politológusok
Élő személyek

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Ashley Furniture Industries Donates Grotto to Holy Family Catholic Church
ARCADIA, Wis. – A religious, historical structure was donated this month by Ashley Furniture Industries, Inc. (Ashley) and the Wanek family to Holy Family Catholic Church in Arcadia, Wisconsin. The three-sided catholic shrine, was built in the 1950s at the site of the former St. Joseph's Hospital. Ashley purchased the hospital from Mayo, after it sat empty for six years, the facility has since been remodeled as the company's Chapel Hill Advanced Technology Center. The grotto was included in the property purchase.
The former hospital and chapel was first built in 1948 by the Franciscan Sisters (Laetitia Grentrup, Theodosia Christ, Adelpha Jakobs and Modesta Stroh) and members of the community. It was their mission to provide healthcare that was affordable to community members who were in need. The grotto was built over a period of two and a half years by Henry Fernholz. With the assistance of LaVern Dworschak and Lester Schmidtknecht, the project was started in November of 1951 and built out of rough flint rock from the hills surrounding Arcadia, as well as shells and agate fragments. The grotto was erected to serve as a place of reflection for patients and guests of the hospital.
The grotto has been a part of Arcadia for nearly 70 years, we are very happy to see it moved to a location that better suits its meaning and allows the community to utilize it for its intended purpose, stated Ron Wanek, Founder & Chairman, Ashley Furniture Industries, Inc. The Franciscan Sisters made it their lives work building the hospital and serving the community in a time of need, this donation is in memory and honor of them.
Our parishioners have expressed gratitude for the move of the Grotto to the Church, said Father Sebastian Kolodziejczyk, Holy Family Parish. Many of our members remember visiting the Grotto growing up, and truly appreciate its new home and that this piece of history will be preserved.
Every effort was taken to preserve the delicacy of this historic structure throughout the moving process which had an estimated moving cost of $70,000 (paid for by the Wanek family). A professional moving company was hired to load the grotto onto steel beams and was then transported through town to its new home at the church. Landscaping will conclude this week as the finishing touch to the grotto's new location.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Antebellum America
Transcendentalism and Evangelicalism did not evolve or operate in a vacuum. It is essential to consider the ways in which members of both groups participated in and changed their culture, and, conversely, to assess how their social context provided both the ideas which they adopted or transformed and those which they actively rejected or resisted.2 As movements that came of age during the first half of the nineteenth century, Transcendentalism and Evangelical Protestantism can be understood most clearly in the political, economic, and religious contexts of post-revolutionary American society. Although each movement would come to effect profound changes in their respective spheres, both were very much of their time in the sense that the culture had grown ripe for their emergence. This tension between the movements' radicalism and centrism suggests that American society was still very much in transition from one epoch to another: the Revolution was not yet complete.
The fifty years following independence witnessed dramatic changes in the character of American society. As is the case with all periods of momentous social change, the early national period generated both optimism and unease. While the Revolution had succeeded in throwing off the British yoke, it by no means resolved the fledgling nation's infrastructural, political and racial problems. Rather, in the sudden absence of imperial control, Americans of all stations were confronted with the task of structuring and preserving a viable society in a time of great uncertainty and flux, when internal political discord, unstable international allegiances and the disorienting surge of capitalist enterprise shook the foundations of tradition and security that they had long relied upon. Particularly distressing was the realization that political union did not necessarily entail cultural harmony, and that conflicts between Americans could become vitriolic and even violent, as exampled by the hysterical party warfare of the 1790s, by such eruptions of economic discontent as Shay's Rebellion, by ethnic- and class-based urban disturbances, and by the seemingly insoluble dispute over slavery.3 In many ways, American society seemed to be growing more rather than less fragmented.
Several interwoven strands of social development contributed to this sense of anxiety. Most noticeably, the demography of the United States was changing rapidly under the pressures of both centripetal and centrifugal forces. In one direction, a burgeoning population, especially along the eastern seaboard, fed the growth of cities with all their attendant signs of disorder and social atomization. In the other direction, the treaty with Britain in 1783 and the Louisiana Purchase of 1804 had provided the United States with access to vast tracts of western land, drawing a steady stream of Americans into remote areas where the central government had trouble exerting authority.4 Either phenomenon in excess -- slovenly urbanization of the British type or a lawless existence on the savage frontier -- would represent the breakdown of social order and individual virtue, two concepts that still retained a central place in American civic discourse (and, as discussed below, acted as motive forces in a widespread religious revitalization in American culture).5
Compounding these unsettling epiphenomena of demographic change, and encompassing similar anxieties, the rise of a competitive capitalist economy posed difficult questions about the nature and direction of American society. The appeal of capitalism, of course, was that it promised, in theory, an egalitarian form of social mobility, in which the individual citizen could achieve his highest potential, acquire property, and exercise virtue in the best republican tradition. Again, however, the problem was one of excess: unrestrained self-interest and self-advancement would run counter to the ideal of social harmony and cooperation. On a practical level, many people began to find that they were not able to achieve stable independence and that the industrialization taking place around them proved as disturbing as it did exhilirating. Alexis de Tocqueville put his finger on a common feeling resulting from the scramble for advancement that social mobility implied:
[The Americans] have swept away the privileges of some of their fellow creatures which stood in their way, but they have opened the door to universal competition; the barrier has changed its shape rather than its position .... This constant strife between the inclination springing from the equality of condition and the means it supplies to satisfy them harasses and wearies the mind.6
And the nation's first major economic crisis, the so-called Panic of 1819, brought home to many Americans the fragile nature of economic success. Andrew Cayton describes the effect of the depression on citizens of Ohio:
The Cincinnati Iron foundry closed its doors in early 1820, leaving more than a hundred men unemployed. Other commercial and industrial operations either closed or sharply reduced their operations. By early, 1820, much of the city's population was out of work. Even artisans and shopkeepers, who were dependent on the demand of other citizens for income, found it difficult to keep their businesses going .... As men scrambled to recoup their fortunes or to feed their families, they gave a good deal of thought to what had happened to them.7
The technological and capitalist revolution was gaining momentum throughout early nineteenth century, but not a few Americans feared that it might leave them behind.
In addition, the capitalist ideology of the North, with its characteristic praise and need of free soil and free labor, served to exacerbate the sectional conflict regarding slavery. A fundamental incompatibility separated the economic systems of North and South, resulting in a tension which westward expansion and the unsettled status of the territories rendered more hostile and ultimately unsustainable. The "slavery question" had long haunted the American imagination; it represented for many "the architectural flaw, the noxious weed in a garden, the hidden disease in an otherwise sound and growing body."8 The fact that neither the Revolution nor the Constitution had resolved the issue, and that economic expansion only made the regional conflict starker, tended to heighten misgivings about the direction of the young nation.
Closely tied to these demographic and economic changes was a growing fear that Americans had become more relaxed in their religious commitments. While concern over "infidelity" and religious declension had a long history in the United States, the evidence seemed particularly compelling in the post-Revolutionary decades. The paucity of churches on the frontier, the influx of Roman Catholics into the cities, and the intellectual influences of the Enlightenment, particularly the rationalism of the Deists with their model of a mechanistic universe, all seemed to betoken a general crisis in American Protestantism. In fact, however, the early nineteenth century would see an unexampled explosion of religiosity across the United States. The stage had been set.
Apprehension regarding the future coexisted with a pride in the accomplishments of the country and a faith in its potential for greatness. The success of the Revolution seemed to confirm that Americans were somehow a chosen people who, under the continued sunshine of divine favor, could achieve whatever they put their minds to. This sense of American exceptionalism derived in large measure from the rhetoric of freedom and equality which had driven the Revolution, and underlay a democratic idealism that Bernard Bailyn has aptly termed the "contagion of liberty." The language that had justified and motivated a separation from England could now inspire a kind of second, domestic revolution that consisted, in its essence, of an exaltation of the "common man" and a leveling of the traditional bastions and symbols of authority. Methodist preacher Lorenzo Dow struck the characteristic chord by invoking the Declaration of Independence:
But if all men are 'BORN EQUAL,' and endowed with unalienable RIGHTS by their CREATOR, in the blessings of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness -- then there can be no just reason, as a cause, why he may or should not think, and judge, and act for himself in matters of religion, opinion, and private judgment.9
This rhetorical elevation of the individual had practical limits, of course, but it did help to create an ethos of personal liberation which validated the private ambition of every citizen.10 In staking their claims to lands on the frontier, setting up new businesses, stepping into the political arena in word and deed, and declaring independence from Calvinist doctrine, Americans put the language of individualism into practice.
Side by side with this new individualism, the public ideology of the young country retained a moral emphasis on communal responsibility which unbridled individualism would tend to corrode. The Revolution, after all, had been fought in the name of "the people," and great effort had been exerted since then to forge a union in the social as well as political sphere.11 The ideals of American exceptionalism, then, combined with anxiety over social fragmentation to open new channels for energies in the culture which had previously lain dormant or found few outlets for expression. In the proliferation of benevolent societies, the temperance and feminist movements, reforms in education, an increasingly vocal abolitionist corps and other civic associations, we see the impulse to create a more ordered and morally upright society. Somewhat paradoxically, many of these social organizations took as their immediate goal the uplifting of individuals. The percolation of sentiments of individual advancement and social responsibility found greatest expression, however, in a religious earthquake that shook the country during the early nineteenth century. The basis of this religious transformation can be found in the longing of many people for an intensity of spiritual experience.
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I was recently configuring Reporting Services for SQL 2005 on Windows Server 2008 64bit to get a System Center Essentials 2007 going. Each time we ran the installer we kept getting a message that Report Server wasn't configured but the Reporting Services Configuration Manager wasn't reporting any issues.
Not sure the exact cause of this but if you run the following command in the "\Inetpub\AdminScripts" it fixes everything.
P.S. I had the same issue after VMWare Server 2.0 installing.


Since Bryant and I are raising our kids as Universalists/ Secular Humanists, (if one insists on a label) we embrace a variety of religious traditions, and we use them to teach the kids about the world. One of our favorites is the Mexican/ Central American holiday, the Day of the Dead. It combines traditions of the Aztec festival commemorating the dead with the Catholic tradition of All Saints and All Souls Day. It's a bit like Memorial Day in the US, but much more festive! We see it as a great way to teach our kids about death. The tradition has gone mainstream in the US during the last 10 years or so. Here in Minneapolis you can buy most of the traditional things for the celebration…pan de muerto, papel picado, calaveras de azúcar. Even Target is in on the action. This year they had lots of Day of the Dead products! Stores in Latino areas even brought in fresh "cempasuchil" flowers, like marigolds, used for decorating grave sites and altars.
My friends from Mexico have given us some beautiful decorations for our altar. This year we celebrated the memory of Bryant's grandma, Oma, who passed away in May. We make recipes that our loved ones made or enjoyed, and we tell stories of that person so the kids will have some memories of them, too. It's a beautiful thing!


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21 Types of Ducks Found in British Columbia! (ID Guide)
What kinds of ducks can you find in British Columbia?
I think you'll be amazed at how many duck species are found in British Columbia!
For people who are only ever used to seeing the common Mallard, this list should be incredibly eye-opening! The ducks featured below are most common and most likely to be observed. In reality, the complete list of ducks that may be seen in British Columbia is even larger!
The 21 MOST Common Ducks Found in British Columbia:
My guess is that almost everyone is familiar with the Mallard. These ducks are definitely the most common species in British Columbia!
Since they can scare easily when approached, one of the best ways to see these ducks in British Columbia is to listen for them! Males give a 3-part nasal whistle (whew-whew-whew) at any time of the year, which sort of sounds like a kazoo (heard below)! Females don't whistle, but they do produce a harsh grunt quack.
Gadwalls are easy ducks to overlook in British Columbia! Unlike most other species, males don't sport any patches of blue, green, or white plumage. Look for them in small ponds that have lots of vegetation.
The best place to find these ducks in British Columbia is wetland habitat away from people. Wildlife refuges are perfect places to start. They tend to stick to shallower areas near the edges of lakes and ponds. Interestingly, they are also proficient at walking on land, so you'll find them cleaning farm fields of barley, wheat, rice, and corn leftovers.
If you only glance at the green head, casual observers in British Columbia might accidentally think these ducks are Mallards. But one look up close, and you should notice the ENORMOUS spoon-shaped bill, which is what Northern Shovelers are known for, and how they got their name.
Blue-winged Teals are found in shallow wetlands across British Columbia. These ducks get their name because of the beautiful blue shoulder patch that is only visible while in flight! Just as pretty is the green plumage below the blue on the wing.
Green-winged Teals are the smallest dabbling ducks you will find in British Columbia. They are only 12-15 inches (31-39 cm) in length and weigh between 5 and 18 ounces (140-500 g).
Green-winged Teal populations have increased in British Columbia through the years, even though they are the second most hunted duck in the country. Luckily, since they breed in the very northern parts of North America, their breeding range hasn't suffered the same habitat loss that other species have encountered.
This is one of the few duck species in British Columbia you may see in a tree! Wood Ducks use abandoned tree cavities for nesting, but they also readily take to elevated nesting boxes.
Cinnamon Teals nest and are most abundant in large, permanent wetlands in British Columbia. They are most often seen at the edges of reeds and other vegetation that provides cover.
It's hard to misidentify these striking ducks when seen in British Columbia. They spend up to half their time foraging underwater, looking for aquatic invertebrates and crustaceans, which they eat while still submerged. When they dive, be patient and keep scanning around the area for these small birds to resurface.
Ruddy Ducks are one of the most interesting ducks found in British Columbia!
In British Columbia, Redheads are among the more sociable ducks you will find, especially in winter. It's common to see them gathered together in enormous flocks, sometimes thousands strong, in relatively large lakes. Because of their gregarious nature, they are easily drawn to decoys, making them a popular game species for hunters.
Unlike most other diving ducks, these birds tend to inhabit and visit SHALLOW ponds and wetlands in British Columbia. During the breeding season, you will usually only find two of them together, but in winter, they gather in flocks that number into the thousands of birds!
They are one of the most likely ducks to eat leftover shotgun pellets, making them susceptible to lead poisoning. Lead shot was banned in 1991, which has helped their population numbers, but some old ammo still remains in wetlands across British Columbia.
Common Goldeneyes are expert diving ducks in British Columbia. These birds can stay underwater for up to a minute in length as they search for their prey, which includes aquatic invertebrates, fish, and fish eggs, along with seeds and tubers from submerged vegetation.
Did you know that birds that primarily eat fish typically taste horrible? Because of this fact, Red-breasted Mergansers, and the other merganser species found in British Columbia, are not usually hunted. It's also the reason you don't find anyone trying to eat a penguin!
Due to their thin bill, Common Mergansers stand out fairly easily from most other ducks in British Columbia. Their favorite food is fish, which they catch with the help of their serrated bill, but they also indulge in aquatic invertebrates such as crustaceans, mollusks, insects, and worms.
Lesser Scaups are the most abundant diving duck in North America. With that being said, it may not be easy to see one in British Columbia! They are mostly found in large lakes, reservoirs, and estuaries, where they can gather by the thousands. In winter, they gather closely by the thousands, and from afar, it looks like a large mass of floating vegetation.
#20. Greater Scaup
Males have yellow eyes, a green head, a dark chest, and a rump that contrasts with the speckled gray back and white sides.
Females have a chocolatey-brown head and warm brown body. Look for a bright white patch around the base of the bill.
Both sexes have large blue-grey bills with a black tip.
If you get a chance to see a Greater Scaup in British Columbia, please know that you are watching a duck that spends its summers breeding extremely far north in the arctic. Some individuals even go across the north pole into Europe!
Greater Scaup Range Map
These birds are almost always seen in large bodies of water, where they congregate in large numbers with other Greater Scaups. They look practically identical to Lesser Scaups, and it will take some practice to tell the difference between the two species.
Greater Scaups are excellent diving ducks, and they regularly go down 20+ feet to find aquatic vegetation or invertebrates to eat. These ducks are mostly silent, except during breeding season, where you may hear males give a soft, nasally whistle.
#21. Harlequin Duck
Small duck with a short dark gray bill.
Breeding males have a dark blue body with rust-brown patches on their sides. Bold white spots on their neck and body and a white facial crescent.
Females have brown bodies that are paler below. White spots behind the bill and eyes.
Harlequin Ducks might be the most breathtaking duck you will find in British Columbia. First, the coloration on breeding males is spectacular, and it looks like they were painted with beautiful blues, chestnuts, and whites.
Harlequin Duck Range Map
But the most interesting thing about this species is the extreme places where they choose to live. They breed and raise their young mainly alongside fast-moving rivers. In winter, they move to rocky ocean shores that receive lots of wind and large waves.
X-rays of Harlequin Ducks show the punishment their bodies take as they get tossed around in these extreme locations. Almost every individual has multiple healed fractures that they live with!
Unlike many other sea ducks, they are quite vocal. But the funny thing is they make a very un-duck-like noise, which sounds more like a squeaking mouse than your typical quack. This unusual noise has led to their nickname, "Sea Mouse."
Here are some possible explanations if you saw a duck in British Columbia that doesn't seem to match any of the species above.
The ducks above are the most common species you may find in British Columbia, but it isn't all-inclusive. Because of the migratory nature of ducks, they can turn up in all sorts of unique and new areas!
Which of these ducks have you seen before in British Columbia?
The 8 Types of Geese & Swans That Live in British Columbia!
The 3 Types of Herons Found in British Columbia!


Everything about Mercedes-Benz Defence Vehicles.
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CNA-Q programmes match Qatar market needs
January 24 2019 04:51 PM
Mahaseel shopping festival starts Monday
Al-Haydos says Qatar can put up best-ever show in Asian Cup
QM introduces teachers and students to projects
Scattered, thundery rain likely Monday
'Screen For Life' marks another year of achievements
QATAR CNA-Q Market programmes
CNA-Q vice president-Academic Samah Gamar
Joey Aguilar
Qatar's increasing labour demands, especially in engineering technology, has encouraged the College of the North Atlantic-Qatar (CNA-Q) to continually update its programmes to meet the needs of industry employers, vice president-Academic Samah Gamar has said.
"There is a very high demand especially for chemical processing and mechanical engineering technology (programmes)," she stressed, adding that many students are asking to extend beyond the three-year diploma and be able to have an opportunity to complete a degree in the field as well.
Gamar was speaking on the sidelines of CNA-Q receiving four accreditation certificates from the Canadian Technology Accreditation Board (CTAB) for its engineering technology programmes recently.
While the College is nearing 800 students in these engineering technology diploma courses, she noted that there is also a waiting list to get into the programmes.
"One of the differentiating features of the College is that we only offer programmes that are in demand in the country so they are more practice-based and aligned to occupations," Gamar said. "We build our programmes to align to real positions and scopes of practice."
She added that CNA-Q students are trained to be innovative, problem-solvers and technically competent workers who strive to meet Qatar's evolving economic needs.
Qatar's economy is developing and expanding in manufacturing, and needs more technicians and technologists to be able to operate in diversified technologies that are available now in industry, Gamar said.
She noted that CNA-Q's School of Engineering Technology and Industrial Trades ensures the curricula it offers is methodically designed "so that the skills we teach our students meet the labour demands of Qatar's growing economy." Since its inception in 2002, CNA-Q has grown to offer 30 diploma and certificate programmes, graduating thousands of students from full-time programmes who have populated the workforce in Qatar or pursued further education.
CNA-Q also has a long-standing track record of internationally-accredited programmes. CTAB is one of eight different accrediting bodies which recognise the exceptional curriculum, faculty, infrastructure and delivery of the College's applied technology-based programmes.
"The vision and the mission of the college is to ensure that we are offering applied technology-based programmes that align to the needs of Qatar's evolving labour market,"
Gamar said.


Users can add some links to the flipbook. When readers click the link area, they will automatically go to the link page. It's easy to add some links, just follow below steps.
Import the PDF file and convert it into a page flipping book.
Click Animation Editor option on the main toolbar to enrich your digital contents.
Click the Link option to create a link area for the flipbook. you can customize the link in Properties and then set an action for the link as Open URL. At this time, you need to write the link in the blank and then click Save button to save your settings. When readers will go to the link page when they click the link area.


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Flower
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Lower module for ZF2 Application

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


1. How do Charities sign up?
2. Are tickets delivered to me?
You must be a 501 (c)(3) organization whose primary focus is to uplift children. You must agree to transport and chaperone your youth to the event and oversee their conduct. It is up to you to choose the Chaperones and they may be employees of the charity, parents or foster parents.
Tickets can be delivered in many different ways. It is up to the donor and the charity contact to determine this. The donor can mail tickets, leave tickets at will call, courier tickets or ask that they be picked up at a specific location. Once tickets are claimed the donor will receive an e-mail with your contact information.


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The Monster Within: On Two New Books About Chernobyl
By Bathsheba Demuth
IN 1986, MY HUSBAND likely watched the May Day parade in Kyiv. He was not yet two years old, so he does not remember if he was at home or watching the dancers in Ukrainian Cossack dresses twirl under portraits of Lenin, Marx, and Engels. Kyiv would have been on the cusp of summer, the chestnuts on the boulevards breaking open pink and white buds, the cottonwoods all in early leaf along the river. Each tree built new cells from sunlight and water, nitrogen and phosphorous. Everything looked as it should. But in 1986, each leaf contained ionized radiation. The fronds of spring would be radioactive waste when they browned and fell in autumn.
A week before the May Day parade, technicians 80 miles away in the Chernobyl nuclear power complex initiated a shutdown of Reactor Number Four. The procedure was meant to test a safety protocol. The personnel running the test were behind schedule and rushed; one man was new to his job, and the chief engineer on duty had gone two days without sleep. None of them knew that the water-and-graphite design of the high-power channel-type, or RBMK, reactors at Chernobyl contained a critical instability. Under the right conditions, the boron-carbide rods meant to reduce the chain reaction in the reactor core could provoke the exact opposite, a runaway release of energy. In the wee hours of April 26, Chernobyl's engineers accidentally created those conditions. The reactor began to burn. Within its uranium heart, the temperature climbed nearly to that of the surface of the sun. A massive steam explosion propelled its 2,000-ton lid through the plant's ceiling, sending a pillar of purple flame 500 feet into the night.
The explosion at Reactor Number Four comes early in Midnight in Chernobyl, Adam Higginbotham's compulsively readable forensic recounting of the disaster. The first 80 pages are an elegant tour through the Soviet civilian nuclear program — shrouded in secrecy, prone to accident, devoted to gigantism and weapons-grade plutonium.
Higginbotham's descriptions of nuclear design and the behavior of isotopes are blessedly clear. We know, therefore, what it means that the stricken reactor emitted gamma rays, which "pass straight through a human being without slowing down, smashing through cells like a fusillade of microscopic bullets," or that the plume of debris contained radioactive isotopes, like iodine-131 and strontium-90, that distort organ function from within. Radiation takes many forms, variable in lethality but all invisible. Readers know what the firefighters who arrived at Reactor Number Four did not: how a perverse unseen force ricocheted inside their bodies from the moment they approached. Working amid gouts of steam and smoldering graphite fuel, many of the first responders removed their helmets and jackets. Within half an hour, they were vomiting and their skin purpled with radiation burns. Most would be among the official toll of Chernobyl dead, the 28 people who succumbed to acute radiation sickness.
As the initial meltdown gives way to daylight, a bungled evacuation, and the government's attempt to conceal the accident, Higginbotham's attention remains humane. The people pulled toward the reactor's maw — helicopter pilots, medics, engineers, a city planner — are given sympathetic portrayal. Not everyone emerges a hero, but the only true villains are the high-level Soviet functionaries who concealed the hazards of radiation and the frequency of accidents from nuclear workers and the public. Based on years of interviews and thorough research, Midnight in Chernobyl is a portrait of people confronting ruin for which there was no precedent, training, or guide. Their work was impossible.
Engineers flying over the blown reactor could see, deep amid the wreck, a pulsing glow: something was still burning. Helicopters began dumping sand and lead on the remnants of the core, hoping to stifle reactivity. Temperatures within continued to mount. The possibility of another explosion, or that the molten fuel would burn downward toward the water table and contaminate the drinking water of millions, gives Higginbotham's narrative ceaseless tension. Engineers tunneled below the plant to make a containment cell. Radiation scrambled the electronics of robots, so people were ordered in to clear debris in shifts lasting just minutes; any more was fatal. Despite these courageous attempts, Higginbotham makes clear that what averted further disaster was not human ingenuity. The temperature in the smoldering core cooled on its own, eventually enough to allow the construction of a massive concrete tomb. Outside, tens of thousands remained displaced from radioactive earth.
Midnight in Chernobyl is written in a tight temporal mode: the clock-ticking buildup, explosion, attempts to keep the reactor contained, hospital wards and displaced families, and, finally, the trials of plant managers, sentenced in proceedings almost Stalinist in their showiness. The result is as haunting as cinema. The remains of Chernobyl's reactor remain in my mind's eye, a Frankenstein monster of melted concrete, uranium, sand, and metal that will endanger life on earth longer than Homo sapiens have existed.
Higginbotham reminds us that nuclear power is hardly a thing of the past; the United States has a hundred plants, China is on a nuclear building spree, and there are still RBMK reactors operating in Russia. But it is possible to close Midnight in Chernobyl and mentally seal Reactor Number Four in the sarcophagus of Soviet negligence and decline. "The further we move in time from the disaster," historian Sirhii Plokhy writes in his 2018 Baillie Gifford Prize–winning book, Chernobyl, "the more it seems like a myth." A titillating but distant monster.
Thirty-three years ago, my husband took early steps on Kyiv streets that emitted gamma radiation, gummed into the asphalt in Chernobyl's wake. His grandmother put iodine in the family's water, which was a thousand times more radioactive than normal, to keep their thyroid glands from absorbing iodine-131. On May 15, children and pregnant women were evacuated from the city. What did they carry with them, in bodies that had for weeks breathed in what Chernobyl exhaled? And what of those parts of Ukraine and Belarus where the main plume of Chernobyl vapors fell, coating villages in radioactive black rain?
Kate Brown's Manual for Survival is a riveting complement to Midnight in Chernobyl with a difference in geographic and temporal focus: where Higginbotham stays close to Reactor Number Four, Brown follows the clouds of April 26 across Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia, and over three decades.
Chernobyl was built in a swamp with mineral-poor soils, ready to absorb radioactive elements and feed them into the tissues of mineral-deprived plants. Floods carried radioactive water into fields, where its burden of isotopes nourished crops and livestock. The carcasses of 50,000 animals slaughtered in the summer of 1986 were not buried as what they were, radioactive waste, but shipped to sausage factories and leather tanneries. In one wool-processing facility in northern Ukraine, women's noses began to bleed. The fibers they handled were highly radioactive. Eventually, orders arrived to pile the contaminated wool near the factory until the isotopes decayed. Dilution and time was used also with radioactive meat, mixed with clean to make an officially tolerable dose; polluted milk blended with clean so it would not set off dosimeters; vegetables canned so they could be preserved beyond the half-life of the isotopes within.
Chernobyl sent its mark across the Soviet Union this way. And beyond: 300,000 tons of Greek grain, made radioactive by fallout from Reactor Number Four, was blended with clean wheat and sent as food aid to Africa and East Germany. In 2017, US Homeland Security stopped a truck crossing from Canada. The "radiating mass" that alerted their dosimeters and led to worries of a dirty bomb was blueberries, picked in the marshes around Chernobyl.
Brown's Chernobyl disaster is diffuse, and also chronic. While much radiation science dismisses long-term exposure as a problem, Manual for Survival finds a different story in its substantive archival sleuthing, and in the work of local citizens and scientists who tracked symptoms from a generalized weariness to respiratory and digestive problems and autoimmune diseases: evidence of what Soviet doctor Angelina Guskova termed "chronic radiation syndrome." While this diagnosis, like most Soviet nuclear science, was kept a state secret, evidence for it proliferated. Villages around Chernobyl filled with children bearing the neck scars of thyroid cancer treatment. Miscarriage and infertility increased. Natalia Lozytska, a physicist, found Kyiv contaminated with cesium-137 and other isotopes, and children prone to fainting and nosebleeds. The Soviet government disavowed any link between these symptoms and Chernobyl. Lozytska, disguised as a cleaning woman, tried to smuggle information about this chronic exposure and its ill effects to international experts in 1988, but she was stopped by the KGB. Elsewhere, Soviet security services were erasing years of data from Belarusian hard drives.
Manual for Survival documents the condescension of Western scientists toward Soviet front-line doctors with their stories of diverse symptoms. Chronic radiation sickness was not a recognized diagnosis in the West, nor would it become one. When the World Health Organization sent a delegation to the Zone in 1989, its members were all on record downplaying the health impacts of ionized radiation. Brown implies that this choice appeased the nuclear powers, concerned that studies from Chernobyl would further lawsuits filed by citizens exposed in the course of weapons testing. The United States had, by then, exposed Nevada to at least three Chernobyl's worth of radioactive fallout. Kyiv was not the only city with gamma rays in its streets.
Yet if denial was the desire, the nuclear countries received what they wanted: international studies concluded there was no link between chronic radioactive exposure and the reported increase in autoimmune and other disease, and they downplayed the number of thyroid cancers in children. The delegation recommended, instead, that the guidelines for a lifetime safe dose of radiation be dramatically increased. Their view is in line with subsequent scientists, who emphasize how soybeans grown near the Chernobyl do not carry any gene mutations, and that wolves and elk and bears have reclaimed the forests around the plant. The monster has indeed become distant. But other scientists find forests that will not decompose, pine trees with twisted, deformed boughs, and barn swallows weighed down by tumors. "That's what we want to know," radiation scientist Anders Møller asks. "Are we more like barn swallows or soybeans in terms of radiation-induced mutation?" Brown is confident answering that we are more swallow, and like the swallows, unwilling participants in the "chaos of millions of curies of radioactive nuclides let loose on earth."
Brown anticipated pushback against this argument that low-level, long-term radiation exposure has chronic impact, and that the suffering it produces has been resolutely ignored, if not outright hidden, by international experts. She was correct; reviews of Manual for Survival are tagged, on Twitter, with rebuttals from nuclear scientists and advocates of nuclear power. The result is a debate about nuclear energy that seems healthy in a moment when turning away from fossil fuels is imperative.
But these critics also miss what is to me Brown's larger and more radical point. It is not just that nuclear power has dangers that distribute themselves unequally across landscapes and societies. It is not even that these dangers have been denied and ignored. It is that Chernobyl is but one aspect of a postwar mode of living indebted to acceleration — in the use of fossil fuels, production of plastics, manufacture of pesticides, consumption of a thousand other chemicals. All that speed has marked our bodies. It has marked some more than others, opening them to new and strange kinds of suffering.
The appeal of Brown's critics has emotional clarity. If nuclear fallout left no mark, I do not have to think about the isotopes lodged in my husband's bones, wondering if he moved away from Kyiv in time. Nor do we, in aggregate, have to turn from a faith in technological solutions to environmental precarity. I envy Brown's critics their certainty that nuclear power leaves no dangerous trace, that our species can adequately shepherd Reactor Number Four's toxic hulk, that the world can keep accelerating. But Manual for Survival argues convincingly that such security is the actual myth. After all, those blueberries from Chernobyl crossed the US border; radioactive enough to be a dirty bomb, as food they fell within international permissible norms. The monster is not distant. It is in us.
Bathsheba Demuth is a historian of the United States and Russia. Her first book, Floating Coast: An Environmental History of the Bering Strait, is forthcoming from Norton in August 2019.
Midnight in Chernobyl
The Untold Story of the World's Greatest Nuclear Disaster
By Adam Higginbotham
Manual for Survival
A Chernobyl Guide to the Future
By Kate Brown
Letter from Chernobyl
By Joshua Kucera
Myth and Identity in a Divided Britain: An Interview with James Meek
By Francis Wade
Interesting Times: Svetlana Alexievich on the Dangers of a Great Idea
By Amelia Glaser
Pure Literature: On Herta Müller and Svetlana Alexievich
By James Thomas Snyder
Messy Places
By Colin Dickey


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How Will Microsoft's Acquisition of LinkedIn Affect Higher Ed?
Experts speculate about whether the recently announced technology deal will prove disruptive to colleges and universities.
As soon as Microsoft announced its $26.2 billion deal to purchase professional networking site LinkedIn, members of the higher education community started wondering: What does it mean for us?
Speculations center around Microsoft's stated intentions for the popular online learning platform, Lynda.com, which LinkedIn acquired in 2015.
"In the future, LinkedIn Learning (Lynda.com) will tightly integrate into Office, enabling users to have a more seamless experience and access to on-demand courses," the company wrote in an investor presentation.
That integration may be just the beginning, though.
Ryan Craig, the managing partner at University Ventures, says the partnership will push colleges and universities to unbundle degrees.
A LinkedIn-Microsoft product would not only help workers work, but also teach them the skills to get hired in the first place.
"LinkedIn has a unique advantage in the education space, in that they are the only place where hundreds of millions of people are voluntarily giving their longitudinal job and education history — which allows potentially for some unique analysis of what programs and courses or certifications actually lead to improved career paths," says education consultant Michael Feldstein. Microsoft could examine that data and then offer those programs itself.
While Feldstein says Microsoft likely has "too much to lose by competing against traditional universities," with whom it has close partnerships, it could easily dominate the corporate training market — currently a fragmented space with plenty of room for new players.
Even if Microsoft focuses entirely on corporate competencies, colleges and universities could still feel the impact.


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Home > Blog > Viewpoint: Councils fighting for decent work
12th August 2019 England & Wales Economy and regeneration, HR, workforce and communications
Viewpoint: Councils fighting for decent work
By LGiU
Image by StartupStockPhotos from Pixabay
Marcus Johns, researcher at IPPR North, discusses their recent work with northern local authorities to encourage high quality jobs for residents – and what other councils can learn from their experiences.
Local authorities can help fight the enduring, severe job quality crisis we are facing. This crisis is characterised by low pay, insecure houses, and little (if any) progression opportunities for many workers, and concealed by record high employment figures.
About 1 in 4 workers and 1 in 3 women in the UK are paid less than the real living wage (£9 per hour in 2019/20). These figured are slightly higher in the North.
Our recent IPPR North report investigated the steps that local authorities are taking to tackle this crisis from the ground up. We found that they have innovated to overcome the financial and legal challenges to embed 'decent work' policies—for example, requiring that contractors pay the real living wage, or setting out employment charters. As the North of England's dedicated think tank, the report focuses on best practice from northern local authorities, but we know that local authorities in other regions are embedding decent work policies too.
The financial challenge is perhaps the most difficult to overcome. Austerity is undermining local government, and we know councils need fairer funding—and more funding—to remain viable. When a price tag is attached to a decent work policy (such as requiring contractors to pay a living wage) many local authorities are understandably deterred.
But in fact, councils may find such policies are more cost effective than first thought: officers in Preston, Warrington and Salford told us that introducing a living wage cost less than initially anticipated . Elsewhere, other councils have explored cost mitigation – like aligning implementation to overarching changes to the pay spine or tying living wages to upskilling. Our work overall suggests that the financial cost is more a perceived barrier than an actual one.
Legal issues in commissioning and procurement are also often cited as a barrier to decent work policies. Some have argued that either EU or UK laws prevent decent work policies in procurement. But this is mistaken: EU procurement law and the UK's Social Value act permit, and indeed encourage, decent work considerations as part of procurement. In practice, Manchester considers the payment of a real living wage as part of its social value weighting, which is set at 20 per cent (relatively high compared to other authorities). Salford references its employment charter in procurement so that they can score prospective contractors against it—something that Greater Manchester Mayor Andy Burnham has now pledged to do across Greater Manchester.
Our project also considered other opportunities to embed decent work more widely, beyond commissioning and procurement. For example, Greater Manchester and Liverpool City Region are developing employment charters in partnership with employers, trade unions and employees—and Liverpool City Region includes decent work criteria in allocating its £500 million Strategic Investment Fund. Local authorities can also use their direct control over businesses and premises, by adding real living wage clauses to commercial leases or ensuring directly owned companies are Living Wage Foundation accredited – as is the case in Wirral's Evolutions.
We also call for a Living Wage North – where every worker in the region receives at least the real living wage by 2025; a Northern Employment Charter, built up from the charters of constituent local authorities; and recommend that every local authority explores and implements the practicable steps to embed decent work that are outlined in our report.
But what can Councillors do? Our report also contains a ten-point Councillors' Guide to Decent Work in Commissioning and Procurement—simple and practical steps that elected members can pursue. These include: pushing for and adopting living wage policies; using wider Council strategies to embed decent work issues across the organisation; pushing for the development of an employment charter; and scrutinising the standards of work in directly employed or contracted staff.
The UK's job quality crisis is likely to remain a severe problem for some time. But local authorities can act to improve this situation – and they are acting across the North and across the country. The financial and legal obstacles can be overcome. There is no good reason why all local authorities can't take these steps, and try to do as much as possible for their low paid residents.
The full Councillors guide, and full IPPR North report including recommendations for local authorities, can be found at ippr.org/north or you can contact m.johns@ippr.org with any queries.
'New Britain – Report of the Commission on the UK's Future' and what it might mean for local government
This briefing provides an overview of 'New Britain: The report of the Commission on the UK's future', chaired by Gordon Brown, and published on 5 December 2022. It makes over 40 recommendations for consultation during 2023.
England policy round-up: October/November 2022
This new edition covers policy/research papers from October/November 2022, which saw another change of prime minister. Rishi Sunak's first task was to restore economic stability and market confidence. As winter arrives, public services – and the whole country – face tough challenges from the cost of living and industrial unrest.
We're taking you beyond the buzzwords and confusing jargon to focus on how to think strategically and apply that mindset to a coherent vision for your organisation's future.


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The organizers of the yearly Lagos International Motor Fair & Autoparts Expo Africa have announced that the two segments of the 2019 event will maintain nearly concurrently at the Federal Palace Hotel, Ahmadu Bello Way, Victoria Island, Lagos, from May 6 to 11, and May 8 to 11, 2019, respectively.
. Disclosing this in his workplace in Lagos, the Managing Director BKG Exhibitions Limited, Mr. Ifeanyichukwu Agwu, defined that the organizers would defy the cruel economic realities to ensure that the 14th Lagos Motor Fair and the eighth Auto parts Expo, held this yr within the average interest of the auto sector.
Agwu, who spoke at a press briefing to announce the kickoff of preparations for the event, assured that the exhibition has to go on towards all odds, "so that you can make certain that the automobile region of the Nigerian financial system remains in the front burner of monetary speak in Nigeria, having in mind the tendencies inside the political area."
The BKG CEO, who's also the Chairman of the Organising Committee, was confused that his crew became driven by the need to champion the improvement and thriving of the auto parts sub-zone as leeway to speedy-tracking the development of Nigeria's larger automotive enterprise.
"In this edition, as we have been doing for some time now, we can champion the want to institute and drive a properly-notion-out coverage and program to re-jig the world in the direction of making Nigeria the hub of the car business in West Africa especially, and the entire continent is well-known."
The organizers said over 20 automobile and two hundred auto parts/add-ons corporations, along with those from allied sectors, are anticipated to participate in the exhibition. Each of the activities would be loaded with sports and events intended to make the honest and expo remarkably worthwhile to the exhibitors, site visitors, and different stakeholders.
The committee Chairman appealed to the Federal Government for awareness of why additional vehicle elements manufacture in Nigeria is used to drive the policy of car manufacturing in Nigeria. "Spare parts manufacturing is the area where the actual era transfer takes place. It includes precision and right making plans more than the coupling that takes location in assembling. Encouraging additional components manufacturing will provide upward thrust to the established order of extra Original Equipment Manufacturers and growth employment," Agwu argued.
He also stated that the government ought to increase its support to organizations working within the zone because "it is a quarter that impacts everything. It occupies a prime role inside the economic system. If it is not done now, it's going to within the very close to destiny affect a whole lot in the life of the human beings and financial system. The challenges of website hosting this occasion have become higher, but our power in continuing is that the world should now not be allowed to die."
Urging every stakeholder to endeavor to take part within the components expo and avail themselves of the possibility to show off their competencies and potentials, Mr. Ifeanyi Agwu, in addition, remarked, "The Auto parts Expo phase of the event is doing nicely, and we're searching at related to loads international locations in West and Central Africa within the edition. This we have kick-commenced with the aid of extending invitations to players in the auto parts commercial enterprise in those nations of visiting the truthful."
U.S. Auto Parts Network Inc. and Jumei International Holding Limited Contrasting facet by side
Imagine Owning U.S. Auto Parts Network While The Price Tanked 66%


My name is Ransom and i am 23 years old. I was diagnosed with bipolar disorder about 3 years ago shortly after my brother died in a motorcycle accident. This event completely tore my life apart, but my problems started long before that. At age 12 i began experimenting with drugs and alcohol to cope with the divorce of my parents and the lack of my father being around. I learned at a young age it was easier to just pick up a bottle or a pipe to make any emotional pain go away. My mom recognized in my early teens that i had problems and scheduled many appointments with psychiatrists. They were all quick to prescribe anti depressants and send me on my way. I had problems in school with attention so i was prescribed medication for ADD as well. I was always lead to believe there were just medications to fix anything. It was all a bit of a joke to me. I was always getting into fights and honestly i was angry and difficult to deal with most of the time. I would be fine one minute then some small comment or event would just set me off. I wanted everything my way. Nothing was good enough for me. When i was a junior in high school my father passed away. I hadn't seen him in several years but it still hurt. My father was diagnosed with bipolar when he was older and was bulimic but refused to get treatment. He chose alcohol to make himself feel better and according to the coroner he died from liver failure. I knew none of this until after his death. I moved on with my life struggling but i graduated from high school and started college. I was still drinking quite heavily at this time but my older brother John began to heavily influence my life and i began to slow down and see the changes i needed to make for the good.
Like me my brother had problems at a young age but somehow he dramatically changed his life and was sober and very happy with life now. I became very close to him and he slowly molded me and taught me many things. He was my father figure and i wanted to be him. I was 19 by now and he was 22. Then things took a turn for the worst. My brother had been out riding motorcycle with a good friend of mine late one night and they had crashed. My brother did not survive. Losing my brother broke my heart. I felt cheated in life and nothing had ever hurt me like that did. I quit going to school and I began drinking extremely heavy after that. I used drugs, money and anything else i could find to numb the pain as well. I got to a point were i was in bed for days not caring if i lived or died and not having the energy to kill myself, i was so burned out. My mother realized i was in a life or death situation, having dealt with my father she knew what would happen if nothing was done. Luckily she was friends with someone who got me an appointment with a good psychiatrist. I thought here we go again, but this time it was different. This doctor was a specialist in the bipolar field and after two appointment's diagnosed me with bipolar. We began trying out medications for the illness and found that a mood stabilizer was what i needed. Since i have been on the medication life has been easier but not everyday is a picnic. Even medicated my moods are not stable at times. I am often negative and hard to deal with. I probably don't always try to understand things instead i just make them what i want in my head. One of the hardest things about being bipolar is being in a relationship. I have been in many relationships in the last few years. All undoubtedly ending because of my unstable moods at times and lack of being understanding at times. The women i have been with that i felt like i could tell about my illness either never gave me a chance because of it or left me cause they couldn't deal with me because of it. I have made many mistakes in the past but the relationship I'm in now makes me want to be a better person. I love this woman very much and want to spend my life with her. She is more understanding than i could ever dream someone could be and i know she loves me. That is a good feeling. I have hurt many people in the past and in the process hurt myself but I am making an effort to change that and make my life better now. I have many dreams i wish to accomplish in spite of having this illness hold me down at times.
I look forward to the day that my child is born and marrying my girlfriend. That to me is success in life and makes me smile. I am current working on a book about my life and living with bipolar disorder from my perspective. Before i was diagnosed with bipolar disorder i had no idea what it was. What i want people to know whether you have been diagnosed or somehow know someone who has been is that it is a disease. Its something you cannot control at times but with help people with bipolar can lead perfectly normal lives. Everything in the mind of someone bipolar can be extremely sensitive. It takes patients to deal with it at times but give it a chance. Living life on that happy middle part can be a struggle some days and it cannot be achieved alone. It takes medication for most and it definitely takes support from the people around you that love you. I have learned to vent my feelings through writing, art, and music. I thank god for making me this way and i wouldn't change me. I see things differently and I've learned to use this to my advantage. I am trying my hardest to get the most out of life and be happy. I have found that every negative thing that happens can have positive effect on you if you choose to see it that way. This is a short story of what i have been through and what i deal with everyday. I hope that if someone reads this they have learned something about what its like being bipolar or maybe makes it easier to understand why people are the way they are sometimes. Just keep your mind and heart open and look for the positive in things. I thank you for your time in reading this.


Summer is almost here, and with it comes unbearable heat.
It might be tempting to rush for the air conditioning to try and cool down your home, but this can make your electricity bill skyrocket.
In the United States, air conditioning costs for homeowners hit about $29 billion each year. It's hard enough to take refuge from the sweltering heat, but high costs for air conditioning can make it even harder.
Don't lose hope just yet--there are a number of ways you can handle your electricity bill this summer and save money on air conditioning. Here's how to cut those costs this summer.
When the weather gets hot, electricity bills can spike.
Especially if you have a variable-rate plan, high demand for home air conditioning pushes up the price. Cooling costs alone can account for half or more of your power bills overall.
Don't let your AC blow your money away. Here are 8 ways you can save on your AC bill this summer.
Give your air conditioning system regular checkups--or even replacements.
Keeping your AC filter clean and clearing out any potential clogs can save 5-15% in energy use alone. Plus it will work more efficiently and save you money in repair costs.
If your air conditioner is more than 10 years old, it might be time for a new one. Even though it'll cost you a little money up front, it could save you lots of energy costs in the long run.
Make sure you have a programmable thermostat to automate the temperature in your home.
Although you might not think to adjust the thermostat during hot weather, just a small change in temperature can make a big dent in your energy usage.
You can program your thermostat to adjust the temperature according to whether you're away, at home, or asleep. Try raising the temperature by seven to ten degrees for at least eight hours a day when you're outside the house.
Doing a little remodeling could save you a lot in the long term, especially if you live in a hot climate.
Take advantage of some cost-effective cooling strategies around the home like installing quality insulation, ductwork, and air barriers. You can also install items like shaded windows, solar screens, or just plant more trees and foliage around your home to keep everything cool.
Make sure that your interior design captures as much of the cool air as possible. You don't want the cool air from your air conditioner to go straight out the window. Be sure that everything is both airtight and shaded.
Install ceiling fans or other large fans to circulate cool air throughout your home.
This can help take some of the burden off your air conditioning system and increase your energy efficiency. Moving air also evaporates the sweat off your skin--helping you feel even cooler and more comfortable in your home.
There's no need to invest in any expensive fans. Just a simple ceiling fan or standing fan--especially in the upper level of a home--can make a big difference in the temperature of your home.
During especially hot stretches of the summer, try your best to avoid cooking in an oven or on a stovetop.
Indoor cooking generates a lot of heat, which puts additional strain on your air conditioning unit. Try eating cold foods, cooking with the microwave, or trying outdoor cooking on a grill when you can. You can also use appliances that produce less heat--like electric griddles or crockpots.
Whenever you do cook inside, be sure to keep your windows open and turn on the kitchen exhaust as soon as you're done.
The easiest way to lose money on your AC bill is to let all that cold air escape the house.
While the design of your house has a lot to do with it, you can keep cool air trapped inside by making sure your windows are well maintained and airtight.
If you have old windows, consider replacing them with more energy-efficient windows. Check on your windows regularly to make sure they're properly sealed and that there's no cracks or weathering that might allow air to leak outside.
It might not seem like a big deal, but the color of your roof can have a significant impact on how heat builds in your house.
Just like how you might feel hotter in a black shirt than a white one, having a dark roof can heat up the rooms underneath it. Dark roofs can reach up to 150 degrees or more in the summer heat.
Try painting your roof a lighter color or even adding a reflective material to help your house stay much cooler during the summer months.
If you live in a hot climate and you're looking for ways to offset the cost of your electric bills, solar panels are a great option.
Installing solar panels on your roof will let you use energy from the sun to power your home and reduce the cost of an air conditioning system.
Depending on whether you buy or lease the solar panels, the cost may vary. While it's definitely a big upfront cost, it could be just the investment you need to save money on cooling costs in the long run.
Just by making a few simple adjustments around the home, you could save money on air conditioning with little effort or cost required.
Cutting back on air conditioning costs can keep you and your family more comfortable during the summer months, help your home become energy efficient, and even improve the environment by reducing carbon emissions.
Looking for an affordable installation? Contact us today for a free quote on your air conditioning job!


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A mysterious and deadly virus has broken out in an isolated community on top of the world. DQ heads to Lapland to visit the frozen set of German-Finnish coproduction Arctic Circle.
The high altitude, low opening (HALO) jump is a means of airdropping military personnel into hostile territory undetected, developed in the 1960s by the United States Air Force. It's a normal sort of thing to appear in a spy movie. What's less normal—unheard of, actually—is for an actor to perform the unusually dangerous feat. So, of course, Tom Cruise had to do it.
A new study, by a respected scholar on internet culture, winds up a penetrating indictment of journalism's internal inconsistencies.
Rumors have long swirled that the directing duo were going for a funnier film, but a new story sheds a different light on their aims.
Boredom is just the start of an adventure.
The follow-up to the 2016 surprise hit packs even more punch (and punchlines) than the first.
Want to know what's up with Josh Brolin's character Cable? Here's your primer.


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MATERIALISM and EMPIRIO-CRITICISM
Critical Comments on a Reactionary Philosophy
( Chapter Three: The Theory of Knowledge of Dialectical Materialism and of Empirio-Criticism. III )
6. Freedom and Necessity
On pages 140–41 of the Studies, A. Lunacharsky quotes the argument given by Engels in Anti-Dühring on this question and fully endorses the "remarkably precise and apt" statement of the problem made by Engels in that "wonderful page"[1] [1] Lunacharsky says: ". . . a wonderful page of religious economics. I say this at the risk of provoking a smile from the irreligious reader." However good your intentions may be, Comrade Lunacharsky, it is not a smile, but disgust your flirtation with religion provokes.[10] —Lenin of the work mentioned.
There is, indeed, much that is wonderful here. And even more "wonderful" is the fact that neither Lunacharsky, nor the whole crowd of other Machian would-be Marxists, "noticed" the epistemological significance of Engels' discussion of freedom and necessity. They read it and they copied it, but they did not make head or tail of it.
Engels says: "Hegel was the first to state correctly the relation between freedom and necessity. To him, freedom is the appreciation of necessity. 'Necessity is blind only in so far as it is not understood.' Freedom does not consist in the dream of independence from natural laws, but in the knowledge of these laws, and in the possibility this gives of systematically making them work towards definite ends. This holds good in relation both to the laws of external nature and to those which govern the bodily and mental existence of men themselves—two classes of laws which we can separate from each other at most only in thought but not in reality. Freedom of the will therefore means nothing but the capacity to make decisions with knowledge of the subject. Therefore the freer a man's judgment is in relation to a definite question, the greater is the necessity with which the content of this judgment will be determined. . . . Freedom therefore consists in the control over ourselves and over external nature, a control founded on knowledge of natural necessity (Naturnotwendigkeiten)." (5th Germ. ed., pp. 112–13.)[8]
Let us examine the epistemological premises upon which this argument is based.
Firstly, Engels at the very outset of his argument recognises laws of nature, laws of external nature, the necessity of nature—i.e.., all that Mach, Avenarius, Petzoldt and Co. characterise as "metaphysics." If Lunacharsky had really wanted to reflect on Engels' "wonderful" argument he could not have helped noticing the fundamental difference between the materialist theory of knowledge and agnosticism and idealism, which deny law in nature or declare it to be only "logical," etc., etc.
Secondly, Engels does not attempt to contrive "definitions" of freedom and necessity, the kind of scholastic definition with which the reactionary professors (like Avenarius) and their disciples (like Bogdanov) are most concerned. Engels takes the knowledge and will of man, on the one hand, and the necessity of nature, on the other, and instead of giving definitions, simply says that the necessity of nature is primary, and human will and mind secondary. The latter must necessarily and inevitably adapt themselves to the former. Engels regards this as so obvious that he does not waste words explaining his view. It needs the Russian Machians to complain of Engels' general definition of materialism (that nature is primary and mind secondary; remember Bogdanov's "perplexity" on this point!), and at the same time to regard one of the particular applications by Engels of this general and fundamental definition as "wonderful" and "remarkably apt"!
Thirdly, Engels does not doubt the existence of "blind necessity." He admits the existence of a necessity unknown to man. This is quite obvious from the passage just quoted. But how, from the standpoint of the Machians, can man know of the existence of what he does not know? Is it not "mysticism," "metaphysics," the admission of "fetishes" and "idols," is it not the "Kantian unknowable thing-in-itself" to say that we know of the existence of an unknown necessity? Had the Machians given the matter any thought they could not have failed to observe the complete identity between Engels' argument on the knowability of the objective nature of things and on the transformation of "things-in-themselves" into "things-for-us," on the one hand, and his argument on a blind, unknown necessity, on the other. The development of con-sciousness in each human individual and the development of the collective knowledge of humanity at large presents us at every step with examples of the transformation of the unknown "thing-in-itself" into the known "thing-for-us," of the transformation of blind, unknown necessity, "necessity-in-itself," into the known "necessity-for-us." Epistemologically, there is no difference whatever between these two transformations, for the basic point of view in both cases is the same, viz., materialistic, the recognition of the objective reality of the external world and of the laws of external nature, and of the fact that this world and these laws are fully knowable to man but can never be known to him with finality. We do not know the necessity of nature in the phenomena of the weather, and to that extent we are inevitably slaves of the weather. But while we do not know this necessity, we do know that it exists. Whence this knowledge? From the very source whence comes the knowledge that things exist outside our mind and independently of it, namely, from the development of our knowledge, which provides millions of examples to every individual of knowledge replacing ignorance when an object acts upon our sense-organs, and conversely of ignorance replacing knowledge when the possibility of such action is eliminated.
Fourthly, in the above-mentioned argument Engels plainly employs the salto vitale method in philosophy, that is to say, he makes a leap from theory to practice. Not a single one of the learned (and stupid) professors of philosophy, in whose footsteps our Machians follow, would permit himself to make such a leap, for this would be a disgraceful thing for a devotee of "pure science" to do. For them the theory of knowledge, which demands the cunning concoction of "definitions," is one thing, while practice is another. For Engels all living human practice permeates the theory of knowledge itself and provides an objective criterion of truth. For until we know a law of nature, it, existing and acting independently and outside our mind, makes us slaves of "blind necessity." But once we come to know this law, which acts (as Marx pointed out a thousand times) independently of our will and our mind, we become the masters of nature. The mastery of nature manifested in human practice is a result of an objectively correct reflection within the human head of the phenomena and processes of nature, and is proof of the fact that this reflection (within the limits of what is revealed by practice) is objective, absolute, and eternal truth.
What is the result? Every step in Engels' argument, literally almost every phrase, every proposition, is constructed entirely and exclusively upon the epistemology of dialectical materialism, upon premises which stand out in striking contrast to the Machian nonsense about bodies being complexes of sensations, about "elements," "the coincidence of sense-perceptions with the reality that exists outside us," etc., etc., etc. Without being the least deterred by this, the Machians abandon materialism and repeat (à la Berman) the vulgar banalities about dialectics, and at the same time welcome with open arms one of the applications of dialectical materialism! They have taken their philosophy from an eclectic pauper's broth and are continuing to offer this hotchpotch to the reader. They take a bit of agnosticism and a morsel of idealism from Mach, add to it slices of dialectical materialism from Marx, and call this hash a development of Marxism. They imagine that if Mach, Avenarius, Petzoldt, and all the authorities of theirs have not the slightest inkling of how Hegel and Marx solved the problem (of freedom and necessity), this is purely acci-dental: why, it was simply because they overlooked a certain page in a certain book, and not because these "authorities" were and are utter ignoramuses on the subject of the real progress made by philosophy in the nineteenth century and because they were and are philosophical obscurantists.
Here is the argument of one such obscurantist, the philosophy professor-in-ordinary at the University of Vienna, Ernst Mach:
"The correctness of the position of determinism or indeterminism cannot be demonstrated. Only a perfect science or a provedly impossible science could decide this question. It is a matter of the presuppositions which we bring (man heranbringt) to the consideration of things, depending upon whether we ascribe to previous successes or failures of the investigation a greater or lesser subjective weight (subjektives Gewicht). But during the investigation every thinker is of necessity a theoretical determinist" (Knowledge and Error, 2nd Germ. ed., pp. 282-83).
Is this not obscurantism, when pure theory is carefully partitioned off from practice; when determinism is confined to the field of "investigation," while in the field of morality, social activity, and all fields other than "investigation" the question is left to a "subjective" estimate? In my workroom, says the learned pedant, I am a determinist; but that the philosopher should seek to obtain an integral conception of the world based on determinism, embracing both theory and practice—of that there is no mention. Mach utters banalities because on the theoretical problem of freedom and necessity he is entirely at sea.
". . . Every new discovery discloses the defects of our knowledge, reveals a residue of dependencies hitherto un-heeded. . ." (p. 283). Excellent! And is this "residue" the "thing-in-itself," which our knowledge reflects ever more deeply? Not at all: ". . . Thus, he also who in theory defends extreme determinism, must nevertheless in practice remain an indeterminist. . ." (p. 283). And so things have been amicably divided[2] : theory for the professors, practice for the theologians! Or, objectivism (i.e.., "shamefaced" materialism) in theory and the "subjective method in sociology"[9] in practice. No wonder the Russian ideologists of philistinism, the Narodniks, from Lessevich to Chernov, sympathise with this banal philosophy. But it is very sad that would-be Marxists have been captivated by such nonsense and are embarrassedly covering up the more absurd of Mach's conclusions.
But on the question of the will Mach is not content with confusion and half-hearted agnosticism: he goes much further. ". . . Our sensation of hunger," we read in the Mechenik, "is not so essentially different from the affinity of sulphuric acid for zinc, and our will is not so very different from the pressure of the stone on its support. . . . We shall thus find ourselves [that is, if we hold such a view] nearer to nature without it being necessary to resolve ourselves into an incomprehensible nebula of atoms, or to resolve nature into a system of phantoms" (French trans., p. 434). Thus there is no need for materialism ("nebula of atoms" or electrons, i.e.., the recognition of the objective reality of the material world), there is no need for an idealism which would recognise the world as "the otherness" of spirit; but there is a possible idealism which recognises the world as will! We are superior not only to materialism, but also to the idealism of a Hegel; but we are not averse to coquetting with an idealism like Schopenhauer's! Our Machians, who assume an air of injured innocence at every reminder of Mach's kinship to philosophical idealism, preferred to keep silent on this delicate question too. Yet it is difficult to find in philosophical writings an exposition of Mach's views which does not mention his tendency towards Willensmetaphysik, i.e.., voluntaristic idealism. This was pointed out by J. Baumann,[3] and in replying to him the Machian Kleinpeter does not take exception to this point, but declares that Mach is, of course, "nearer to Kant and Berkeley than to the metaphysical empiricism prevailing in science" (i.e.., instinctive materialism; ibid., Bd. 6, S. 87). This is also pointed out by E. Becher, who remarks that if Mach in some places advocates voluntaristic metaphysics, and in others renounces it, it only testifies to the arbitrariness of his terminology; in fact, Mach's kinship to voluntarist metaphysics is beyond doubt.[4] Even Lucka admits the admixture of this metaphysics (i.e.., idealism) to "phenomenalism" (i.e.., agnosticism).[5] W. Wundt also points this out.[6] That Mach is a phenomenalist who is "not averse to voluntaristic idealism" is attested also in Ueberweg-Heinze's textbook on the history of modern philosophy.[7]
In short, Mach's eclecticism and his tendency to idealism are clear to everyone except perhaps the Russian Machians.
[1] THIS FOOTNOTE has been moved into BODY OF DOCUMENT.
[2] Mach in the Mechanik says: "Religious opinions are people's strictly private affair as long as they do not obtrude them on others and do not apply them to things which belong to another sphere" (French trans., p. 434). —Lenin
[3] Archiv für systemetische Philosophie, 1898, II, Bd, IV, S. 63, article on Mach's philosophical views. —Lenin
[4] Erich Becher, "The Philosophical Views of Ernst Mach," The Philosophical Review, Vol. XIV, 5, 1905, pp. 536, 546, 547, 548. —Lenin
[5] E. Lucka, "Das Erkenntnisproblem und Machs 'Analyse der Empfindungen'" [The Problem of Knowledge and Mach's "Analysis of Sensations"], in Kantstudien, Bd. VIII, 1903, S. 400. —Lenin
[6] Systematische Philosophie [Systeznatic Philosophy], Leipzig, 1907, S. 131. —Lenin
[7] Grundriss der Geschichte der Philosophie [Outline of the History of Philosophy], Bd. IV, 9. Aufl., Berlin, 1903, S. 250. —Lenin
[10] Instead of the words "provokes not a smile, but disgust", the first edition of the book had "provokes more than a smile". After he had read the proofs Lenin asked A. I. Ulyanova-Yelizarova to alter the phrase in the text or indicate this in the errata. Lenin 's correction was printed in a list of errata appended to the first edition.
[8] See F, Engels, Anti-Duhring, Moscow, 1959, p. 157.
[9] "The subjective method in sociology—an anti-scientific idealist approach to historical processes which refuses to acknowledge objective laws of social development, reducing them to the arbitrary actions of "outstanding personalities". In the thirties and forties of the nineteenth century, adherents of the subjectivist school in sociology were the Young 1-legelians Bruno Bacer, David Strauss, Max Sthner and others who declared the people to be an "uncritical mass" that follows "critically thinking personalities". K. Marx and F. Engels in the Holy Family, the Cernoors Ideology and other works made a thorough and profound criticism of the views of the Young Hegelians. In Flussia in the second half of the nineteenth century re resentatives of the subjective method in sociology were the liberal¼ Narodniks (P. L. Layroy, N. K. Mikhailovshy and others), who denied the objective nature of the laws of social development and reduced history to the actions of individual heroes, 'outstanding personalities ".
Marxism-Leninism exposed the fallacy of the subjective-idealist trend in sociology and created' a genuinely scientific, integral theory of social development, of the decisive part played by the masses in history and of the significance of the activities of individuals.
5. Space And Time | 1. The Criticism of Kantianism from the Left and From the Right
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Works Index | Volume 14 | Collected Works | L.I.A. Index


text:
Bloomberg: Russia wins oil confrontation despite sanctions
What threatens the new anti-Russian steps of Latvia and Estonia
Turkey accuses Sweden and Finland of not fulfilling NATO promises
Turkish Foreign Minister Cavusoglu: Sweden and Finland did not fulfill their promises to join NATO Turkey has not seen Sweden and Finland take steps to extradite the Kurds, the Foreign Minister said. Swedish SVT writes that Stockholm is ready to extradite one of them. Turkey promises in return to approve the entry of these countries into NATO media="(max-width: 320px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (max-width: 320px) and (min-resolution: 192dpi)" >
Mevlut Cavusoglu
Sweden and Finland have not yet fulfilled the demands made by Ankara to join NATO, Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu said at a press conference, quoted by the Turkish Anadolu agency.
The Minister recalled the agreement that Ankara has concluded with Helsinki and Stockholm. According to him, they must extradite members of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK), which it considers terrorist, to Turkey, close all organizations associated with its structures, and give guarantees to Ankara. Turkey, for its part, undertook not to impede the entry of these countries into NATO. However, the Turkish side has not yet seen Sweden and Finland take any steps in this direction, he said.
For a state to join NATO, it must be approved by all other current members of the organization. However, Turkey has stated that it will prevent this until Helsinki and Stockholm comply with its demands.
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text:
3-Dimensional Facial Simulation in Orthognathic Surgery: Is It Accurate? SA Schendel, R Jacobson, S Khalessi.
Date: Aug 2013.
Source: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 71(8):1406-14.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure the accuracy of 3D computer simulation of soft tissue changes after orthognathic surgery.
Materials and Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent orthognathic surgery were studied by photogrammetric facial scanning and cone-beam computed tomography before and after surgery. The photogrammetric scan was then fused to the cone-beam computed tomogram, creating a patient-specific image. The surgery was simulated in 3D form and the simulated soft tissue face was compared with the actual facial scan obtained 6 months postoperatively. Absolute millimeter differences between the simulated and actual postoperative changes in selected cephalometric skin markings were computed.
Results: The study was composed of 23 subjects (mean age, 31 yr; 13 women and 10 men). Eighteen different cephalometric landmarks were measured (total, 28). For 15 landmarks, the difference between actual and simulated measurements was smaller than 0.5 mm. Only 3 landmarks had a difference of 0.5 mm, and these were in the region of the labial landmarks.
Conclusion: Based on the present study, 3-dimensional computer surgical simulation of the soft tissue of the face for routine orthognathic surgery is accurate enough for routine clinical use.
Article: 3-Dimensional Facial Simulation in Orthognathic Surgery: Is It Accurate?
Authors: Stephen A. Schendel, MD, DDS, Richard Jacobson, DMD, MS, Sadri Khalessi, MS, PhD.
Hemimandibular Hyperplasia Correction by Simultaneous Orthognathic Surgery and Condylectomy Under Digital Guidance. Bi Han, X Wang, Z Li et al.
Recurrence of the Anterior Open Bite After Orthognathic Surgery: 3D Analysis of Dental, Soft Tissue, Skeletal and Airway Changes in Unraveling the Aetiology of Relapse. Suttorp et al.


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