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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Home|Japanese Strength in Soft Power Foreign Policy
The CPD Blog is intended to stimulate dialog among scholars and practitioners from around the world in the public diplomacy sphere. The opinions represented here are the authors' own and do not necessarily reflect CPD's views. For blogger guidelines, click here.
Japanese Strength in Soft Power Foreign Policy
Soft Power 30
Since the end of World War II, Japan has been a democratic, pacifist nation, whose main tool for exerting influence across the globe has been soft power. Constrained by a U.S.-imposed war-renouncing constitution, one of those integral tools has been Official Development Assistance (ODA). Japan turned full-fledged ODA donor in the mid-1970s after its phoenix-like post-war economic boom, which has seen Japan's economy become the most complex in the world according to Harvard's Atlas of Economic Complexity. Many of the foundations for Asia's economic take-off were laid by Japan's economic infrastructure building efforts and technical assistance in this era, becoming the world's top nation for ODA spending in 1989.
However, Japan's post-war non-military international identity reached a turning point in 1991 when only money, not troops, were sent to Kuwait in assistance of the US, Japan's ally and security guarantor. Tokyo was criticized for its "checkbook diplomacy". At this juncture – under pressure to be more involved in global affairs – Tokyo faced a complex and divisive question: how can Japan expand its international influence?
There were two broad responses to this question, which continue to split opinion in Japanese foreign policy circles to this day. On one side, there is an argument that Japan should shoulder more of the burden of international security, contributing to peacekeeping missions and using its Self-Defense Forces productively. Doing so would require Japan to become a "normal" nation, which means having a proper military capable of foreign deployment. The counter argument to this is that Japan should remain pacifist and rely solely on its non-military strengths—economic, technological and cultural—to increase its influence.
There are two forces driving the case for a "normalized" Japan, which entails changing Article 9 of the constitution, in which war is renounced as a sovereign right. The first is that full participation in U.N. Peacekeeping Operations (PKO) requires militaries that can operate in conflict zones where violent force may have to be used. The success of the 1993 Cambodian PKO in realizing peace and nation-building goals built domestic support for a more active Japanese role in international security. Despite reinterpretation of Article 9 to allow for collective self-defense, meaning that Japanese troops can use force to protect U.N. and NGO staff in danger, the Self-Defense Forces are still prevented from participating in PKOs unless there is a ceasefire. Japanese troops pulled out of the South Sudan U.N. PKO in April and May 2017, after a scandal involving a cover-up of the Ground Self-Defense Force's activity logs, which revealed an operational situation not resembling ceasefire. There are echoes of the 1991 winter of checkbook diplomacy discontent over Japan's withdrawal.
The second force is the deterioration of the East Asian security environment. North Korea's nuclear missile development program and China's aggressiveness in the East China Sea and South China Sea give Japan reason to bolster its hard power at the potential expense of its soft power.
Despite these pressures, there is significant risk that militarization will create unnecessary friction and tension with neighbors. An alternative is the soft power-centric "global civilian power" concept. It envisions Japan as simultaneously committing to security, through strengthening defense ties and passing security legislation to move towards self-sufficiency, whilst promoting the global system of free trade and cooperating internationally through ODA. There are three pillars to modernize and "proactivize" global civilian power for modern day challenges: human security, capability building for maritime peace and rule of law.
Japan's concept of human security differs significantly from the European Union and Canada as it is rooted in a strictly non-military approach.
In 1998, Prime Minister Keizo Obuchi attempted to make a people-centered approach the central principle of Japanese diplomacy. Human security, as opposed to national security, broadens its concept to include threats to health, education and livelihood. Consequently, Tokyo attempted to promote economic cooperation, instead of projecting military power, to improve the regional security environment.
Japan's concept of human security differs significantly from the European Union and Canada as it is rooted in a strictly non-military approach. It is not embedded in a broader vision of humanitarian intervention that includes military force as a means to obtain security and rights.
This people-centric Japanese approach is implemented in practice in Japanese ODA initiatives. Tomohiko Sugishita of the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) was posted in Malawi as a doctor. He realized that the root of the medical crisis in Malawi was due to the ways in which locals viewed sickness and disease, not merely the lack of surgeons. Therefore, when asked to become the chief advisor for a health project in Tanzania, he set about convincing local government officials of the value of modern medicine. Dr. Sugishita set up a leadership-training program, which aimed to put local officials in charge of their health services. His technique came to be known as the Catalyst Approach. Technical assistance and training are the catalysts for local empowerment and eventual self-sufficiency. This is one example of a lesson learnt from Japan's own post-war reconstruction.
Another important aspect of this capability-building approach central to Japanese aid is the focus on hard infrastructure assistance. Japan's focus differs slightly from Western aid's focus on social infrastructure, such as schools and hospitals. Japan instead builds bridges (literally and metaphorically) through the construction of vital infrastructure. Infrastructure projects contribute to long-term economic growth by facilitating supply-chain participation and providing connectivity to larger markets, so that local industries can thrive. In addition, Japan uses its projects as an opportunity to transfer engineering technology and provide design, construction and maintenance training.
As countries cross the recipient-donor plateau, like China and Thailand, Japan's approach can find fresh relevance. For example, local training schemes and empowerment could be vital for stemming backlash to infrastructure projects in China's pan-Eurasian Belt and Road Initiative.
The second pillar of global civilian power is capability building for maritime peace. China's assertiveness has pushed Tokyo to build ties with other Asian countries facing similar maritime and territorial pressures. Japan has made strategic use of ODA to strengthen these nations' nonmilitary capabilities, such as their coast guards. Japan formalized this strategic deployment of ODA in its 2013 official National Security Strategy. This was followed by a revision of the ODA charter in 2014, which allows for the use of Japan's overseas aid to export defense equipment to countries that meet specific conditions, such as limiting its use to their own borders.
The final piece of the puzzle to update global civilian power is the rule of law. Japan places a growing emphasis on seeking peaceful settlements through the rule of law. This approach is a continuation of Japan's identity as a non-military nation. It applies universally for the purpose of peace and stability in the Asia Pacific, and is not an engineered attempt to undermine Beijing's interests.
The three pillar non-military approach to international relations centered upon soft power offers Japan its best route forward to enhance its influence. However, there are growing gray-zone areas between the military and non-military spheres. For example, China has attempted to seize islands using non-military forces like its Coast Guard and Maritime Militia. Moreover, the world's attention was drawn to the blurred lines of possible state collusion with rogue criminal hacking groups when the WannaCry ransomware attack crippled the British National Health Service (NHS). Cyberspace and outer space are emerging, ill-defined battlegrounds in which Japan can take leadership to establish rules and norms. Because of these new, potentially crisis-inducing challenges, a strategy that emphasizes soft power tools, befitting Japanese citizens' pacifist sense of identity, should be coupled with the strengthening of hard power capabilities as a last resort.
Note from the CPD Blog Manager: This piece, written by Yoichi Funabashi, originally appeared in the 2017 Soft Power 30 report.
hard power
Contributors to Soft Power 30
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Face-Time: Building Trust in International Affairs
Soft Power, Emotion, and the Future of Public Diplomacy
Public Diplomacy and Our Digital Future
Fighting Back: Fake news, Disinformation and the Question of Sharp Power
Japan's Soft Power: Prospects and Challenges in a New Era
Japan has been perennially ranked as one of the strongest soft-power nations in the world. On Friday, February 28, CPD convened a conference to examine Japan on the global stage with a focus on culture and innovation as...
Pop-Culture Diplomacy in Japan
Koichi Iwabuchi, a professor of media and cultural studies and director of the Asia Institute at Monash University in Melbourne, Australia, has published a new article. His piece, Pop-Culture Diplomacy in Japan: Soft...
Tokyo 2020 and Japan's Soft Power
By Yukari Easton | Blog
The closing ceremony of the Rio 2016 Summer Olympics showcased a vast collection of Japanese soft power assets in a segment called "The Tokyo Show." This started with an opening message of "Thank you," performed by young...
Soft Power Takes Center Stage
Looking for all things soft power? Check out our roundup of content related to this important area of public diplomacy. Start with a general discussion of Joseph S. Nye, Jr.'s concept and continue with case studies of...
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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When it comes to customer success, few things are more important than a positive customer experience. But what exactly does that mean, and how can it impact a business? Let's take a look at a real-world example of the power of a positive customer experience.
In the late 1990s, a small startup called Zappos set out to change the way we shop for shoes. By focusing on delivering an exceptional customer experience, the company quickly grew from a small online retailer to one of the most beloved and successful e-commerce companies in the world.
One of the ways they stood out was with their free shipping and free return policy, making it easy and risk-free for customers to try out shoes before they decided to keep them. They also focused on building a strong culture of customer service, empowering their employees to go above and beyond to make customers happy.
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DNA external air filter stage 3. This DNA air filter kit designed specifically for Kawasaki Ninja 250R conical shape is characterized by a large filtration area and is placed on a mudguard useful to protect the filter from debris and particles that detach from the rear tire of the bike in the direction of the filter, the mudguard is predisposed for the connection of the air temperature sensor of the electronic control unit. The increase in power thanks to the optimization of the air intake system is about 4/5 horsepower at the wheel, for this reason the remapping of the ECU is necessary. We recommend purchasing an additional ECU for injection control. Like all DNA air filters, this is also high efficiency filtering, reaching around 99% thanks to its 4 layers of high quality and resistance cotton. The airflow will be increased by 375% compared to the original Kawasaki airbox. DNA to transform air into energy. DNA is a Greek company that was founded in 2002 by a passion for competitions, developing in the field since 1985. The company uses modern machinery specifically designed for the production of high performance competitive air filters, in 2004, in fact, DNA becomes world champion with the Yamaha R1 of the French team GMT 94 as official supplier. DNA is committed every day in the search for the most innovative materials and the adoption of cutting-edge techniques for the manufacture of its products. Today DNA is present in 42 countries around the world with over 500 products. Dove specificamente indicato – Vedi informazioni sulla restituzione. L'item « DNA filtre à air kit air box pour Kawasaki Ninja 250R 20082013″ est en vente depuis le mercredi 13 mars 2019. Il est dans la catégorie « Auto, moto pièces, accessoires\Moto\ pièces détachées\Prise d'air, débit carburant\Filtres à air ». Le vendeur est « omnia-racing » et est localisé à/en 80055. Cet article peut être livré partout dans le monde.


Papua New Guinea striker Marie Kaipu is pleased to be back in action with the senior women's team, and even happier to have picked up where she left off in the 2015 Pacific Games final.
Kaipu scored the lone goal against New Caledonia in the final at Sir Hubert Murray Stadium to secure a fourth consecutive gold medal for her side back in 2015.
After using the first game against Samoa as an opportunity to settle into the competition, Kaipu found it in excess when taking on the hosts New Caledonia, netting five of her side's six goals.
Ever modest, Kaipu said all she did was give her best.
"I was ready to play and then I just went out there and did my best," she said.
Kaipu said she seems to have luck against New Caledonia, but she hopes her goalscoring tally will continue to grow against other opponents in the competition too.
Kaipu hasn't had an easy run in life and although she was pegged to take part in the FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup, circumstances ruled her out of that adventure.
However she still relishes the opportunities she had as part of the wider squad leading into the competition.
"I was able to go back to school for six months and it helped me a lot. I wanted to continue but I had to pull out from the team and the opportunity was lost.
One of the reasons Kaipu couldn't continue was because she became a mother at a very young age which some teammates and schoolmates didn't look at too kindly.
However Kaipu said the experience helped build her resolve and she continues to play football to inspire her son.
"I'm very proud to be playing football and representing my country. My son is happy to watch me play and has said 'one day I will be like mummy and play football'.


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Glyphodes scheffleri is een vlinder uit de familie grasmotten (Crambidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van deze soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1912 door Strand.

De soort komt voor in tropisch Afrika.

scheffleri
Dier uit het Afrotropisch gebied

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


You can maximize Kingdom impact, save taxes and experience the joy of generosity.
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When a baby is born, one of the first things a parent will do is count fingers and toes. New research conducted at UC San Francisco sheds lights on how these specialized digits are formed.
In a finding likely to fundamentally reshape biologists' understanding of how cells communicate to each other during development, researchers have found a new type of cellular structure that passes along instructions critical to the formation of the limbs and digits of developing embryos.
As a national leader in neonatology, UCSF's mission is to initiate and rigorously pursue both basic science and clinical research to better treat, and one day eliminate, neonatal diseases. UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital is one of the top ranked children's hospitals in the country, and is committed to training physician-scientists to investigate human development and the root causes of congenital anomalies.
"The findings are a significant advance in developmental biology that will help to understand the basis of certain birth defects that alter the number or specification of fingers and toes," said David Rowitch, MD, PhD, chief of neonatology at the children's hospital.
The researchers focused on the molecule called "Sonic hedgehog" (SHH), which acts to pattern precursor cells that make the specialized digits in a developing chick embryo. Equipped with custom-made, high-powered microscopes to visualize the cells and an approach that avoided damaging tissue preparation, the researchers got an unprecedented look at previously invisible extensions of cells that form tube-like projections.
"The presence of these structures, which we call filopodia, was really unexpected," said senior author Maria Barna, PhD, who conducted the research at UCSF and is now an assistant professor of developmental biology and of genetics at Stanford University.
Filopodia have never been reported in vertebrates before, although they were suggested by previous studies in the fruit fly drosophila by UCSF investigator Tom Kornberg, MD, of the UCSF Cardiovascular Research Institute.
The researchers got an unprecedented look at previously invisible extensions of cells that form tube-like projections. These specialized filopodia pass along critical instructions essential for the formation of the limbs and digits of developing embryos.
The researchers found that the newly identified, nearly invisible finger-like projections burrow through tightly packed tissue in developing chick and mouse embryos for several cell-lengths. Once contact between cells through these structures has been made, signaling molecules can be delivered directly from one cell to another.
The researchers believe that cells use specialized filopodia as a means of targeted delivery of key signaling molecules in the limb to instruct formation of, say, a thumb versus a pinky finger. If that communication mechanism breaks down, then malformations occur – such as too many or too few fingers or toes.
The wider implication for this research is that similar mechanisms might underlie developmental pattern formation in other organs such as the brain. If so, scientists can learn how and why congenital anomalies occur in other parts of the body.
Lead author Timothy Sanders, MD, PhD, now of Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, was a fellow and faculty member in the Division of Neonatology in the Department of Pediatrics at UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital while conducting the research. He was supported by a National Institute of Child Health and Development training program award (grant T32HD071860), which was critical for the report of these studies. Esther Llagostera, a UCSF post doctoral fellow, is co-author.


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Shaw will be making an appearance to talk about the book at the Boulder Bookstore on Tues. 12th March at 7:30 pm, and at Denver's Tattered Cover on 13 March 2019, at 7 pm.
"Generation Priced Out criticizes cities for advancing policies that increase economic and racial inequality. Shaw also exposes how boomer homeowners restrict millennials' access to housing in big cities, a generational divide that increasingly dominates city politics.
Defying conventional wisdom, Shaw demonstrates that neighborhood gentrification is not inevitable and presents proven measures for cities to preserve and expand their working- and middle-class populations and achieve more equitable and inclusive outcomes."


Serious concerns over the possibility of 32 wind turbines being erected in the Knockanore area of West Waterford were expressed by councillors at the March Dungarvan/Lismore District meeting on Monday last.
Cllr James Tobin was the first councillor to raise the issue – his question to Jim O'Mahony, senior planner for Waterford County Council was 'how long can a temporary mast for analysing wind power be in place for in an area'. "I'd like to know what date did they tell the council that they were putting up this temporary mast and surely they would have to say how long they were putting it up for," said Cllr Tobin.
The question came following a letter received by Cllr Tobin from a company who said that they intend to erect a temporary mast in the Knockanore area to assess wind power in the area. "They don't have to apply for planning. They just wrote a letter to tell us they were putting it up. I'm sure they wrote the same letter to the planning authority. At least they told us in the letter that they were notifying the planning in Waterford," Cllr Tobin added.
Cllr Séamus O'Donnell supported the concerns expressed by Cllr Tobin about the possibility of a wind farm in Knockanore. "I have information that there is 32 windmills going in above in Knockanore and I have that from the dog's mouth, and I know exactly what I'm on about," said Cllr O'Donnell.
The concerns were further driven by the feelings of powerlessness expressed by the councillors when it comes to planning applications submitted for windfarms.
"We're powerless and it's as well to tell the public that we as councillors are powerless, and coming to us and asking us to object is a waste of time because councillors have no power whatsoever," said Cllr James Tobin.
The senior planner for Waterford County Council responded to the heated debate by stating that there is no application for a wind farm 'at the moment'. "I want to make that clear," he said, going on to explain that the council are working off of the 2006 guidelines for renewable energy and that they are still waiting on new guidelines to be issued by the government.
Cllr Doocey asked that a letter be written to the Department for the Environment and a request be made that the new guidelines be issued as soon as possible. Director of services, Ivan Grimes, agreed to write and send the letter on behalf of the members.
Mr O'Mahony reiterated numerous times that there is no live application for a windfarm and criticised the councillors saying 'it's scaremongering that's happening here'.
Cllr Tobin retaliated and said that people don't come along and erect a mast to test the wind, and they don't send out their PR people knocking on doors unless they have a valid reason to. While he understands that there is no live planning in place, he was nevertheless adamant that 'something is afoot'.
"It's not a live planning because it isn't in – but it's on its way, I can assure you," he said.


text:
Q: File drag-and-drop not working with knockout.js I'm trying to achieve a file drag-and-drop with knockout.js.
This is my html:

And this my JS:
self.insertFile = function(e, data) {
    console.log("insertfile called");
    var files = e.target.files || e.dataTransfer.files;
    console.log(files);
};

I copied the code from a jsfiddle. I don't quite see the difference between that one and mine. What am I doing wrong?

A: This is because you need to have a dragover event where you cancel the default behaviour.
The cancellation of the dragover event is needed to allow drop.
See https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Events/dragover.
I have created a fiddle with your code, updated with an dragover event where you cancel default behaviour.
Fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/JBJd2/10/
HTML:

JS:
self.insertFile  = function(e, data) {
    e.preventDefault();
    console.log("insertfile called");
    var files = e.target.files || e.dataTransfer.files;
    console.log(files);
};

self.dragover = function(e){
    e.preventDefault();
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


I am always quite sad after Wimbledon as it concludes my favourite part of the tennis season through the European clay court season, Roland Garros and the grass court lead-up events to SW19. It has been nice though to have a week off from tennis and the blog to recharge my batteries. I have actually been able to go out and play the sport that I madly follow for 11 months every year. My game is pretty terrible... still, I love to play tennis!
I am back in blogging mode and hope to, subject to how busy I am at work, blog each day as the draws unfold. This week, there are two WTA tournaments on the clay in Bastad (Sweden) and Bad Gastein (Austria).
If you are unaware of the entry lists prior to reading this blog, you might be surprised that Serena Williams tops the bill in Sweden. I never think these two weeks on the clay after Wimbledon make much sense, but Serena committed to Bastad some months ago and she is firmly rooted at the top of the drawsheet, intending to play. Serena takes on Sesil Karatantacheva in the first round before a potential second round clash with Anna Tatishvili or Belinda Bencic in the second round. Bencic won the Juniors event at both Roland Garros and Wimbledon, and I hope she can make it into the second round where a match with the world number one would be a landmark occasion, so early in her career.
A pair of Spaniards, Lourdes Dominguez Lino and Anabel Medina Garrigues, will go head-to-head in the first round with the winner eyeing up a quarter-final match with Serena. I would also not discount Dinah Pfizenmaier who made the third round of Roland Garros and did well in Palermo last week, making the quarter-finals. Klara Zakopalova, Lesia Tsurenko, Johanna Larsson and Tsvetana Pironkova are the highest seeds through the second and third quarters. The calibre of the draw is pretty weak with the only noteworthy point that the two Swedes, Larsson and Sofia Arvidsson have drawn each other in the first round.
Simona Halep bookends the draw with a first match against the Swedish wildcard, Rebecca Peterson. Halep has been on a tremendous run of form since May, which has seen her make the semi-finals of the Premier event in Rome, pick up her first two titles, back-to-back in Nurnberg and s'Hertogenbosch, and then won Budapest this week in an albeit depleted draw. Tiredness could play a part though this week. Halep's second round match will be a test for sure against the winner of a first rounder between Flavia Pennetta and Mariana Duque Marino, but you would not put it past the hottest in-form player right now from making yet another final.
Mona Barthel and Andrea Petkovic are the star attractions in another lacklustre draw. Barthel's form has been extremely patchy of late, but it would be a big disappointment if she could not make at least the quarter-finals. Petkovic has drawn the toughest of the unseeded players in Petra Martic, but I would still back Petkovic, who has won nine of her last ten matches on clay. Barthel and Petkovic are projected to meet in the semi-finals and I would anticipate that both will make it there.


First off, sorry for all of you who stopped by Thursday and Friday and found no new posts. I was out of town with limited internet access which I didn't anticipate.
I had an amazing long weekend on Fogo Island. It is such a beautiful place. Full of history and incredibly preserved.
My mom and two of her sisters stayed at the Dwyer Premises. The house is more than 110 years old and has been restored and furnished with all period pieces by the Town of Tilting.
I have never wanted a new camera more in my life than this past weekend. It was impossible to capture the beauty of this island with my iPhone.
My Aunt and Uncle`s wedding anniversary was a huge success. We spent two days decorating the local fire hall (which was within stumbling distance thankfully). We had an amazing supper followed by some great local entertainment.
As much as my young cousins appreciated the traditional Newfoundland music. Haha. They were very excited to hear something a little more mainstream.
Friday after party clean up, Shelley took me for a quick tour of the Island since it was the first time I had been there in 15 years. I had no idea that a place could have so many hiking and walking trails. I really wish I had more time to explore.
The Fogo Island Inn which sadly I didn`t have the time to visit. But I definitely will next time. Its an awesome project by Zita Cobb designed to bring artists to the island and in turn increase tourism and boost the economy. I`m amazed by it as nearly every item in the inn was made right there on Fogo Island.
One of five artist studios that are a part of the inn.
We stopped by Wind and Waves Artisan Guild to look at some of the local crafts for sale. My aunt works here making the decor for the Fogo Island Inn.
And we finished the excursion off with at trip to Growler`s Ice Cream Shop where I had some vanilla in a waffle cone. It was delicious and you absolutely have to stop there if you visit the island. They have great local inspired flavors such as marshberry, blueberry, bakeapple, and Jam Jams.
Fogo Island truly is an amazing place to visit. And I would recommend it to everyone. The landscape and views are phenomenal. There are tons of walking and hiking trails. Whale sightings happen almost every day. And the people there are some of the friendliest I have ever had the pleasure of meeting.
Without a doubt one of the best weekends ever.
Wow! Beautiful pictures. That is an interesting looking town. It looks like the anniversary party was a total success. The artist studio is incredible. Thanks for sharing!


Partially renovated 3 bedroom single storey village bungalow for sale with garden and excellent views. ---------------------------------- Rooms include: Kitchen/living room¸ 3 bedrooms and bathroom. At back is garden with views to the Sierra Cazorla National Park.


Gone are the days of credit cards and cash online now that the shiny new currency bitcoin has arrived on the scene. This new form of currency that is ever changing is the money of the future. With its own ecosystem and users all over the world, no matter how much banks may hate it, people are catching on and it doesn't seem to be going anyway anytime soon.
Blogger, Tony Diepenbrok gives a short summary of what exactly bitcoins are. Basically it's an open source currency where people can take part in peer-to-peer (P2P) transactions and it seems to have started about 5 years ago online.
PCMag.com stated in one of their blogs that the way to "mine" or get new bitcoins is that the network will increase the money supply as a geometric series until the total number of bitcoins reaches 21 million bitcoins (BTC). Bitcoin releases a 25-coin reward to the first node in the network that solves a difficult mathematical problem requiring a certain amount of brute-force computation. Everyone in the network is then notified of the solution, and competition for a new block and its 25-coin reward renews. Currently 25 bitcoins are generated roughly every 10 minutes.
A short video looking at 'Bitcoin', as a decentralized digital currency explains in detail how bitcoin is made, from where and how it's being used.
Over 74,000 bitcoins are exchanged every hour so if you haven't researched them yet now's the time to get involved and not be left behind. While many markets are still opposed to this new currency, every day more and more are opening up to the idea. With today's fast-paced internet age by next year we wona't be looking at any more opposition and it's best to hop on this Bitcoin train before it passes you by.


text:
Select School High School Middle School Millikin Northside Southwest
About S.A.F.E.
S.A.F.E
Safety, Academics, Fun and Enrichment
Offered by the Geneseo School District as a service to our parents. The program is for K- 6th grade students. It operates before and after school and during the summer months. Students may arrive as early as 6:30 a.m. and may stay as late as 6:00 p.m. The program will operate on school days including half-day in-service and early release days. It will be open all teacher institute days as long as there are enough children signed up. As of the 2006 school year S.A.F.E. is no longer open on emergency days. S.A.F.E. is open the following holidays as long as there are enough children signed up:
We are open during Spring Break, Thanksgiving Break, and Christmas Break.
There are S.A.F.E. Child Care Sites located at Southwest, and Northside Elementary Schools.
To get information on registering your child/children call the S.A.F.E. Office at Southwest School.
The phone number is 309-945-0661.
You can also register your child by mail. Download and complete the Enrollment Form and Permission Form that are found on the SAFE main page. Mail the forms, along with a $50.00 deposit, to the following address: SAFE, 715 South Center Street, Geneseo, IL 61254.
You may also register via email by sending the completed forms to the following email address: mlundeen@geneseoschools.org
Megan Lundeen, SAFE Director
Direct Phone Numbers:
Southwest S.A.F.E. (office) 945 – 0661
Northside S.A.F.E. 945 – 0611
S.A.F.E. Child Care
648 N. Chicago Street Geneseo, IL 61254 309-945-0450


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The German brewery Neumarkter Lammsbräu has issued a warning to the Danone Group on behalf of the Quality Association for Organic Mineral Water and numerous medium-sized mineral wells. Because its mineral water subsidiary Volvic advertises its water with the terms "Naturally organic" and "Premium mineral water in organic quality". "Volvic is not organic mineral water and carries only a false organic seal," argues Susanne Horn, Managing Director of Neumarkter Lammsbräu. The aim of the warning is to protect consumers and organic principles.
Neumarkter Lammsbräu is one of the companies whose mineral water is certified according to the strict criteria of the Bio-Mineralwasser-Richtlinien der Qualitätsgemeinschaft Bio-Mineralwasser e.V. (Organic Mineral Water Quality Association). This guideline is supported by the organic associations Bioland, Naturland, Demeter, Biokreis as well as the Federal Association for Natural Food and Natural Products, according to the communication of the Quality Association.
Volvic, on the other hand, only bears the label "Premium mineral water in organic quality" awarded to its customers by the private company SGS Institut Fresenius. The quality community argues that Fresenius' guidelines allow as many residues of pesticides and their degradation products as the regulations for conventional mineral water. In addition, the use of radioactive irradiation and industrial carbon dioxide is expressly permitted.
The Quality Association refers to the ruling of the Federal Court of Justice on the Bio Mineral Water Directive. It stipulates that organic mineral water must be significantly purer than conventional water. The association developing the guidelines, the independent certification authority and the food manufacturer must also be separate. This is also not the case with Volvic. Fresenius individually adapts the certification and its scope to the requirements of the respective customer. "This practically excludes possible infringements and the resulting consequences, such as the withdrawal of the seal," writes the Quality Association.
Susanne Horn also sees the warning as a means against greenwashing concepts in the conventional food industry: "It is unacceptable that the same companies that contribute to the destruction of the environment by conventional agriculture with their product range should now want to give the impression of being part of the organic solution with sham organic seals tailored precisely to their needs. We must all turn against this together."


*There are many other US departments and agencies that contribute expertise to foreign assistance issues. They are not included in this list, since their primary mission is to assist US business.
**There are many organizations within this Department that have a direct role in providing foreign assistance.


Please welcome Jessica to the team. She has recently joined the MLP Studios team and so far has brought so much value. She was born and raise in Columbus Ohio. She's a military veteran (Navy) and loves to sing, write, dance and spend time with her family. She has had a love of photography since 2012 and specializes in lifestyle photography. Looking forward to having her by my side helping with booking sessions, admin, assist with photoshoots and shooting herself.
Say Hello to Meredith. She's the graphic designer for MLP Studios that offers our clients the best social media flyers and business cards for their business. She was born and raised in Amherst, VA moving to Tampa, FL in 2007. With 2 degrees in Studio Art and Graphic design, she has 12 years of experience in the graphic design field. She loves to journal, sing and is secretly a giant goofball. Love having her on the team. Together we will help take your business to the next level with excellent images and the marketing pieces to elevate your business.


One of my most requested projects from clients is a color consultation. It is one of the first steps to a home re-style so it's totally overwhelming when you aren't used to it. If you have a large room, or many rooms, finding the right combination of colors that compliment you and the space can be very tricky.
The reason it can be so tricky is because people get caught up in the many ways color is shown. Colors can be seen on a small or a large color chip, in a fan deck, painted on a wall from a paint sample- wet or dry, painted on another wall color, painted on top of a primer, on a computer screen, in a picture of a completed room, in matte, eggshell, or glossy finishes, on just an accent wall. Some colors are multidimensional and change colors at different times of day. They appear different under florescent lights, natural light, dim light, candle light. Whew! I understand how it can get frustrating.
Honestly, you never know exactly how a color will look completed in your room, on your walls, until it is rolled on and dry in your room and on your walls. So here's what I do for clients. Once I figure out the general color and mood that we are going for I pick one base color. This is usually a neutral taupe, white, grey, or sand color for the hallways, stairs, landings, etc. I then find the right shade of the color depending on the clients interests. Are they looking for warm and cozy, open and cool, modern, rustic, bright, bold? I don't pick too many different colors to avoid looking like a circus funhouse. 😉 Then I pick the colors and cut them off of the paint chips. I hold up only the colors that I am using next to each other. And I do NOT let the name of the color affect my choice. I follow my instinct, and then I wait over night. The next morning when I see the combination together, with fresh eyes, if I am still excited about it, I don't look back.
Sometimes all you need is a refresh with your wall colors. So follow your gut, don't go crazy, and remember that you can always repaint again and again. It changes the whole feel of your space, and it will make you smile. So contact me here if you would like a color consultation, and find your favorite place to decorate at Apartmentshowcase.com. Thanks!!


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We have a modern, CNC Machine equipped tool room to make molds and other machining projects.
We can build anything you can imagine, from aluminum short run prototype molds to hardened tool steel multi-cavity high production molds.
We use both MUD (Master Unit Die) type molds for small parts and stand-alone DME, TM style mold bases depending on the customer's requirements. We have experience building hot runner molds for high volume applications, molds with hand load inserts, slides, three plate molds, stripper plates, internal and external lifters, hydraulic core pull, and unscrewing molds. We have also designed and built highly polished molds for top quality clear parts.


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You are here: >> IFW-Website >> Institutes >> Institute for Solid State Research >> Nanoscale chemistry
Director and Secretariat
Research Teams & Contacts
Jobs/ Join us!
Nanoscale chemistry
The morphology of nanosca-
le materials such as the size
and the shape of the nano-
particles and nanocrystals
can dramatically affect their
properties....
Fullerenes (A. Popov)
Spectroelectrochemistry (E. Dmitrieva)
Organic single crystals (Y. Krupskaya)
Functional crystals on the nanoscale (S. Hampel)
The morphology of nanoscale materials such as the size and the shape of the nanoparticles and nanocrystals can dramatically affect their properties. Research on nanoscale materials is motivated by the observation that materials, previously only known in their bulk phase, show a significant change in physical and chemical properties or even exhibit novel phenomena at the nanoscale due to a high surface-to-volume ratio and finite size effects. The thorough characterization and understanding of these properties in interplay with nanoscopic length scales will ultimately guide the way to the exploitation of these effects in applications, including high density storage media and biomedical materials. The group of nanoscale chemistry is focusing on the synthesis of inorganic, organic, and hybrid nanomaterials. For instance, we develop new methods to synthesize single-crystalline inorganic nanowires and nanocrystals directly inside the carbon nanotubes. On even a smaller scale, single metal ions and small clusters are encapsulated inside fullerenes during their formation in arc-discharge synthesis forming endohedral fullerenes. Carbon nanostructures in such hybrid materials act not only as templating matrices but also as protecting shields stabilizing the nanosized forms of inorganic materials. Unique electronic, transport, and magnetic properties of these hybrid heterostructures are achieved due to nanosize of encapsulated structures and the interface effects at the boundary with the carbon π-system are then studied in close cooperation with other groups of IFW. Reducing only one dimension to nanoscopic length scale we have to consider ultrathin layers of the materials. The charge carrier densities of ultrathin layers which are part of an electric double layer can be influenced strongly by applying an electrochemical potential. Our aim is to investigate how huge charge carrier densities will influence the electric and magnetic properties of appropriate materials.
Summer School Spectroelectrochemistry at Center of Spectroelectrochemistry
(13 – 20 September 2019, Dresden, Germany)
The empty space inside the fullerene cage can be filled with atom, ions, clusters, or even small molecules. The fullerenes with encapsulated species are called endohedral fullerenes. Particular focus of our work is the synthesis of endohedral metallofullerenes (EMFs) with different clusters. The group in IFW Dresden pioneered in the development of the reactive atmosphere method, in which NH3 or CH4 gases are used as a source of nitrogen or hydrogen in the arc-discharge synthesis of EMF. More recent developments include the use of solid nitrogen-containing organic compounds as the sources of nitrogen. Reaction atmosphere method results in the dramatic suppression of the empty fullerene formation, leading to EMFs as the main fullerene products. We are also looking for new types of EMFs, which led to the discovery of such clusterfullerenes as Sc3CH@C80, Sc2S@C82, or TiLu2C@C80. Encapsulation of metal atoms within the carbon-based π-system results in a variety of unprecedented chemical and physical properties of EMFs. In IFW Dresden we are specifically focused on the electron-transfer mechanism in EMFs as studied by electrochemistry and spectroelectrochemistry, and on the magnetic properties of lanthanide-based EMFs (e.g., single molecule magnetism was discovered in Dy-containing nitride clusterfullerenes). Experimental studies are accompanied by quantum-chemical calculations of molecular structure, spectroscopic properties, and fullerene formation mechanism.
Spectroelectrochemistry as the combination of electrochemistry and different spectroscopic methods delivers detailed structural information on the intermediates and products in electrochemical reactions. By using different spectroelectrochemical methods formation and stabilization of charged species, follow-up processes, and mechanism of the electron transfer reaction can be investigated. To consolidate the spectroelectrochemical facilities of IFW and increase their visibility to other research groups and industrial partners, the Center of Spectroelectrochemistry was founded at the IFW Dresden in 2009 inspired by Prof. Dr. Lothar Dunsch.
The aims of the Center of Spectroelectrochemistry:
- Basic research in spectroelectrochemistry
- Development of spectroelectrochemical techniques
- Application of spectroelectrochemical studies for applied research
- International exchange of scientists for spectroelectrochemical research
- International training courses in spectroelectrochemistry
The center has expertise in various electrochemical and spectroscopic techniques and their combinations for in situ measurements, including in situ ESR, NMR, UV-vis-NIR, luminescence, IR, and Raman spectroelectrochemistry. These methods are applied to study the electrochemical electron transfer processes and intermediates of π-conjugated organic structures (small organic molecules, oligomers, conducting polymers etc.), carbon nanostructures (nanotubes, empty and endohedral fullerenes, and their functional derivatives etc.), hybrid molecular structures (organometallic compounds, coordination complexes, endohedral metallofullerenes etc.).
Offers of the Center of Spectroelectrochemistry
- Spectroscopic and spectroelectrochemical study on π-conjugated organic structures
- Pre-Screening of semiconductor organic materials for organic devices
- Spectroscopic determination of reactive oxygen species in solution (singlet oxygen, hydroxyl radical, peroxide, superoxide anion radical)
- Study of doping processes in conducting polymers and oligomers
- Study of electrode reaction mechanism
- Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry on organic compounds
Functional crystals on the nanoscale
Scaling a material down to nanometer-size reveals several opportunities to increase physical properties compared to bulk material or even create new ones. When quantum effects come into play electrical conductivity, magnetic permeability and chemical reactivity change as a function of particle size. Our approach uses carbon nanotubes (CNT) as a reaction container for the synthesis of intermetallic nanoparticles. With the given diameter of the tube particle size becomes adjustable. Furthermore the presence of the CNT-surrounding eases the reduction to metallic particle and protects nanoparticles from chemical influences (e.g. oxidation). Depending on the used material one obtains single particles or nano wires inside the inner cavity of the CNT. CNT have been filled for example with elements of main group IV in their metallic state. 3 different procedures to post synthetically fill the inner cavity of the CNT were used and by variation of the reaction parameters the appearance of filling particles, degree of filling and the purity of the samples in terms of coating to filling particle ratio can be tailored. These filled CNT with high rates of filling are promising for sensoric and energy storage applications.
Beside industrial applications carbon nanostructures are also interesting materials for biomedical applications. In our group we develop new strategies for the design and in-depth characterization of multifunctional carbon-based nanohybrid systems with the advantages of well-established cancer therapies. The starting material, CNT or/and NGO, will be functionalized with magnetic nanoparticles and with biocompatible polymer. By loading with chemotherapeutic or radiosensitiser or a combined loading these innovative nanohybrid materials will be able to improve the efficacy and reduce toxicity associated with current cancer therapy. One example, a new hybrid material made of gelatin (Gel), catechin (CT) and carbon nanotubes was tested. The anticancer activity on different cancer cells was evaluated and a considerable increase in the therapeutic activity was recorded moving from the free to the conjugated form in the presence of CNT, while in absence of CNT a reduction of the efficiency was observed. Furthermore the catechin-loaded and gelatin-conjugated CNT (Gel_CT_CNT) demonstrate their potential for the eradication of prostate cancer stem cells in combination with X-ray irradiation. Catechin-gelatin-conjugated CNT showed a significant enhancement of in vitro anticancer activity as compared to catechin alone.
The interest on 2D materials is rapidly growing and chemical approaches offer absolute control over the structure of 2D materials at the molecular-level. The chemical approach will serve as strategy to develop new multifunctional systems, featuring exceptional physical or chemical properties with optimal control over the correlation between structure and function. Our research currently focusses on the chemical vapor transport (CVT) in sealed ampules. One example is the CVT of bismuth chalcogenides nanostructures (Bi2Ch3; Ch = S, Se, Te) which can be synthesized by catalyst-free decomposition sublimation. The nanostructures directly grow on Si/SiO2 substrates by a vapor−solid growth mechanism and show high degree of crystallinity with dimensions of >10 μm in length and simultaneously <10 nm in height (nanoribbons). In order to optimize the growth process in a reproducible way we realize parallel thermodynamic calculations. The electrical transport data are evidence that this approach offers the chance to synthesize and investigate crystals with high quality and to measure surface state properties.


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Quiz: Good morning, geniuses! What's your Head of the Class IQ?: HowStuffWorks
Good morning, geniuses! What's your Head of the Class IQ?
By: Maria Trimarchi
Image: tmdb
What do you get when you throw together a poet, a pizza-loving chemistry whiz and an uptown girl with a pre-teen, an exchange student and a polyester pants-wearing nerd? A bunch of geniuses, that's what.
At what high school is Charlie Moore hired to teach academically advanced students?
Monroe High School in Manhattan
Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics
Bronx High School of Science
Charlie Moore, first as a substitute and then hired on, teaches history at Monroe High School in Manhattan. (And later, Millard Fillmore High.)
What does IHP, the name of the program for these academically advanced kids, stand for?
International Honors Program
Intensive Honors Program
Influential Honors Program
Individualized Honors Program
The program at Monroe High School is called Individualized Honors Program, or IHP. This fictional version is based on a similar real-life program at Walter Reed Middle School in Los Angeles.
Every year the IHP students produce the school musical. Which of these musicals did they not perform?
"Grease"
"Hairspray"
"Hair"
"Little Shop of Horrors"
The school musicals included "Grease," "Hair" and "Little Shop of Horrors." But, not "Hairspray."
When we're first introduced to her, how old is the youngest student in the class, Janice Lazarotto?
Janice Lazarotto (played by Tannis Vallely), at 11 years old, is the youngest student in the class.
Maria grounds herself after gettting what grade?
Maria grounds herself after getting a "B".
During an assignment about ancestry, Darlene discovers that she's a descendant of which Founding Father?
Darlene discovers she's a direct descendant of Thomas Jefferson.
Instead of his own, whose photo does Arvid send to his penpal?
Instead of sending a photo of himself, Arvid decides to send a photo of Eric to his penpal.
Who makes a cameo as Maria's boyfriend?
Brad Pitt makes a cameo as Maria's boyfriend.
Whose science project makes it into the finals at NASA?
Dennis and Aristotle
Dennis and Arvid
Dennis and Billy
Dennis and Jawaharlal
Dennis and Arvid's science project makes it into the finals at NASA.
What is the name of the computer the IHP students program to send love notes to Charlie?
The students program a computer named Wilma to send love notes to Charlie.
Which student is chosen to represent the IHP on the right-wing TV show "Open Forum?"
Based on a letter he writes, Dennis is chosen to appear on the TV show "Open Forum." It's Darlene, though, who ends up appearing for IHP.
Who was the only one in the class not on an academic team?
Jawaharlal
Eric, the leather jacket-wearing, motorcycle-riding "bad boy" of the IHP, is the only student in the class not on an academic team.
Who, it's rumored, has the lowest GPA in the IHP?
It's mentioned that Sarah has the lowest GPA in the IHP.
Who wrecks the first video the IHP makes to be included in a time capsule?
The IHP students make a video contribution to a time capsule, planned to be opened in 100 years. Unhappy with the result, Dennis ends up wrecking the video.
Who is kicked out of the IHP and sent to the remedial history class after his frequent classroom disruptions?
Because of his disruptive behavior in IHP, Mr. Moore sends Dennis to the remedial history class.
Who believes she's being followed by a poltergeist?
Janice says she's being followed by a poltergeist.
What topic do the IHP students help Charlie study for in order to pass a test to keep his teaching certification?
micro economics
macro economics
To keep his teaching certification, Charlie needs to pass a test in macro economics.
Alex Torres transfers to the IHP class from where?
language immersion school
parochial school
performing arts high school
Alex Torres transferred to the IHP class from parochial school.
Which IHP students get engaged, briefly, during the final season?
Alan and Darlene
Alex and Simone
Arvid and Viki
Eric and Simone
On-and-off couple Eric and Simone get engaged, briefly, during the final season.
Who married and divorced Mike Tyson while starring on the show?
Robin Givens
Khrystyne Haje
Rain Pryor
Kimberly Russell
Robin Givens and Mike Tyson were married in 1988, for 11 months.
At what movie marathon do Charlie and Arvid run into each other?
"James Bond"
"Star Trek"
"Star Wars"
Charlie and Arvid run into one another at a Woody Allen movie marathon.
Who is voted editor-in-chief of the school's literary journal?
Simone is voted editor-in-chief of the literary journal.
The show made history in Season 3 when it became the first American sitcom to film an episode in which country?
The Season 3 episode "Misson to Moscow" was filmed in the Soviet Union.
Which actor, known from "The Goonies," was added to the IHP class during the final two seasons?
Martha Plimpton
Jonathan Ke Quan, who plays Data in "The Goonies," appears as Jasper Kwan in the final two seasons of the show.
When Howard Hesseman left the series at the end of Season 4, what became of Charlie in the storyline?
leaves to pursue his acting dreams
leaves to work at a radio station
leaves the classroom to become the assistant principal
Charlie Moore went to pursue his lifelong acting dreams.
Which two IHP students actively compete to be named class valedictorian?
Alan and Janice
Alan and Jasper
Alan and Maria
Alan Pinkard and Darlene Merriman compete to be named valedictorian.
And who, in the final season, is named valedictorian?
Alan Pinkard
Darlene Merriman
Jawaharlal Choudhury
T.J. Jones
T.J. Jones, played by Rain Pryor, is named valedictorian at the end of Season 5, the final season.
What character was Howard Hesseman well-known for before appearing as Charlie Moore?
Dr. Grayson, on "Laverne & Shirley"
Dr. Johnny Fever, on "WKRP in Cincinnati"
Judge Robert Thompson, on "Boston Legal"
Sam Royer, on "One Day at a Time"
Howard Hesseman is well-known for his role as radio DJ Dr. Johnny Fever on the TV show "WKRP in Cincinnati," from 1978 to 1982.
The actor who played Alan, Tony O'Dell, also played which Cobra Kai member in both "The Karate Kid" and "The Karate Kid, Part II?"
Tony O'Dell, who plays Alan, is also known for playing Jimmy, a student at the Cobra Kai dojo and member of Daniel's Cobra Kai gang.
Of the following, which sitcom did Brian Robbins, the actor who played Eric, not appear in?
"Alf"
"Growing Pains"
"Mr. Belvedere"
"Three's Company"
Brian Robbins, who played Eric, had appearances on "Growing Pains," "Mr. Belvedere" and "Three's Company." But never "Alf."
Which actress went on to appear as one of Tony Soprano's girlfriends on the HBO series "The Sopranos?"
Tannis Vallely
Leslie Bega went on to play the role of Valentina La Paz, Tony Soprano's girlfriend during Seasons 4 and 5 of the TV series "The Sopranos."
The actor who played which student went on to be called "the Norman Lear of children's television" by the New York Times?
Dan Schneider, who played Dennis, is the creator of several children's shows, including "iCarly," "Zoey 101" and "Drake & Josh."
Who takes over the IHP class after Charlie leaves?
Bernadette Meara
Billy MacGregor
Gabe Kotter
Dr. Samuels
Billy MacGregor, played by comedian Billy Connolly, takes over the IHP.
What was the name of the 1992 spinoff series?
"Billy"
"Eric Loves Simone"
"Mr. Moore"
"MacGregor"
The TV series "Billy," featuring IHP teacher Billy MacGregor, was the 1992 spinoff from "Head of the Class." It lasted 13 episodes.
What's the name of Billy MacGregor's plant?
Billy's plant is named Ringo.
Create Your Own Hogwarts Class Schedule and Find Out Which House You Belong In
Which '90s Saturday Morning Cartoon Character Are You?
Can You Name These '80s Movies in Less Than 7 Minutes?
Can We Guess If You Were a Nick or Disney Kid?
Which "A Christmas Prince" Character Are You?
Can You Complete The Lyrics To These Emo Songs?
Can We Guess Your Favorite Saturday Morning Cartoon?
Which Teen Titan Are You Really?
How Well Do You Know "The Dick Van Dyke Show"?


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Jarad Vary/ December 2, 2011
How the IMF Got Its Keynesian Groove Back
In a speech before Parliament last month, British Prime Minister David Cameron posed a rhetorical question as he harangued the opposition Labour Party: "Is there a single other mainstream party anywhere in Europe who thinks the answer to the debt problem is more spending and more borrowing?"
Cameron was meaning to taunt Europe's Social Democratic parties, rubbing in the fact that they lack the power to implement the types of programs they'd prefer. But insults aside, it's clearly not true that Keynesianism has fled the scene amidst the ongoing European financial crisis—it's just that its greatest champion is based in Washington DC, at the International Monetary Fund. On multiple occasions over the past two years, it forced Europe into taking action, strong-arming Germany into designing bailouts. The IMF has made plenty of enemies, especially in Frankfurt, but it has also managed to help, for now, to forestall catastrophe.
If the IMF seems an unlikely voice for more spending and larger bailouts in Europe, it's with good reason: The Fund has justly earned a reputation in recent years as a standard bearer of austerity, a fiscal physician primarily interested in leveraging Western power to prescribe budget discipline to emerging economies. But rather than a betrayal of its mandate, the IMF's current full-throated advocacy for Keynesianism in the developed world is actually a return to its origins.
Indeed, when John Maynard Keynes and Harry Dexter White met at Bretton Woods, New Hampshire in 1944 to design postwar economic institutions, including the IMF, European debt was the major global issue. The planners already knew that the European economies would owe massive debts to the U.S. after the war. And Keynes, the author of a book about Germany's post-World War I economy, was very aware of the dangers of a festering debt. As a result, Keynes and White designed the Fund to lend extensively to Europe. Between 1944 and 1977, most advanced economies—including France, Italy, the United Kingdom, Denmark, Canada, even Japan—availed themselves of IMF resources.
In its early years, the Fund fully embraced the Keynesian economic worldview. A document from the U.S. Treasury Department in 1944— "Questions and Answers on the International Monetary Fund"—put this in especially stark relief: "Attaining and maintaining a high level of employment and real income…must be the primary objective of economic policy." It's a passage that could have been taken directly from Keynes's General Theory.
This was a far cry from the austerity-minded "Washington Consensus" that the Fund was almost uniformly peddling by 1990. There are two chief reasons for that drastic shift away from Keynesianism. First, in the late 70s, the laissez-faire Chicago School took the U.S. economics profession by storm: Keynesians were not only displaced at universities, but also in the halls of the IMF. Secondly, financial globalization freed the rich economies from the need for IMF money. All of a sudden, emerging economies were the IMF's chief debtors, and the West was less inclined to be generous.
As the Fund slid from Keynesian flexibility to Chicago orthodoxy, major crises hit Latin America in the 1980's, Mexico again in 1994 and 95, the Asian Tigers in 1997, and Russia, Brazil, Argentina, and Turkey over the succeeding five years. Jacob Kirkegaard, a senior researcher at the Peterson Institute, tells me that the Chicago School "was the right idea at the right time. The crises that hit the global economy in the 1980's really were fiscal in nature." In 1982, Mexico did need to cut spending. But the IMF grew too attached to one particular brand of medicine: Budget austerity became such a by-word that the IMF earned the sobriquet It's Mostly Fiscal. "No matter what the situation," Kirkegaard says, "the IMF said the same thing: 'Cut the budget.'" As a result, IMF bailouts earned a stigma throughout much of the world.
According to Jack Boorman, a former special adviser to the IMF managing director, 2003 to 2007 were low years at the fund. "The Asian crises especially generated a great deal of hostility. A sense of drift set in, both within and outside of the institution." At a speech in New Delhi in 2006, Sir Mervyn King, governor of the Bank of England, suggested that the IMF scale down its lending operations and concentrate on supervision. "That kind of thinking led to downsizing," Boorman says. "But you don't close the firehouse just because there's no fire!"
Two events in recent years put the IMF back on the Keynesian track: The 2008 financial meltdown, and the arrival of a new fund director, Dominique Strauss-Kahn. Under Strauss-Kahn's leadership, the IMF grew into a bulwark against German caution and orthodoxy. "DSK really did change things," Boorman tells me. "He is a brilliantly gifted politician and a very good economist. That allowed him to insert himself into the G20 process in November 2008. He seized the moment in a brilliant fashion. Any decisions that were going to be taken, the IMF was moved right into the center of them." Some of Europe's orthodox leaders argued for austerity. But, according to Kirkegaard, "the IMF got countries to put their feet on the Keynesian pedal."
The fund did indeed have a potent weapon in Strauss-Kahn's charm and political skill. But that skill had its limits. As Kirkegaard told me, "In the eyes of the Bundesbank [the German central bank], Strauss-Kahn is a French socialist, and not to be trusted." Hence the importance of the fund's other weapon: the research department's timely intellectual interventions. In a February 2010 position paper, IMF chief economist Olivier Blanchard argued that central banks could prevent future crises by targeting a higher rate of inflation. The recommendation—with its implicit criticism of ECB tight money—infuriated German central bankers at the ECB and the Bundesbank. In one memo, leaked to the press, a contemptuous Bundesbank economist even dubbed the IMF the "Inflation Maximizing Fund". In November 2010, a second IMF paper managed to hit orthodoxy even harder. In the paper, titled "Will It Hurt? Macroeconomic Effects of Fiscal Consolidation" —the "it" in question was budgetary austerity—the IMF researchers showed empirically that fiscal contraction usually leads to GDP contraction. "That article exploded the expansionary fiscal consolidation myth," claims Kirkegaard.
The subsequent course of events has proven the fund prescient. For instance, in April 2010, fund economists pushed for a more generous bail out of Greece, but ran into EU and ECB resistance. According to Boorman, the bail out would have looked "much different" if the IMF had been in total control. In the event, the fund could only warn its partners that their assumptions were wildly optimistic. Says Kirkegaard: "Empirically they've been proven right. What they said would happen in Greece, has happened. Austerity has made it harder to meet deficit targets." And that boosted the fund's credibility. When it came time to bail out Portugal and Ireland, the IMF had a much freer hand to set the bailout terms. "The IMF mission chiefs for Greece, Ireland, Portugal have serious intellectual firepower," Boorman told me. "The fund has clearly been in the lead."
But Germany has largely confined the IMF's influence to Europe's periphery, rather than following its advice on the major crisis management questions. The result has been harsh austerity measures across the continent—and a crisis that has only gotten worse. The British government is now actively planning for a contingency once thought unthinkable—the dissolution of the Euro.
There's only so much the Fund can do on its own: It simply does not have the money to prevent this kind of vast catastrophe from happening (although leaders are looking for ways to augment the Fund's resources ahead of the next EU summit on December 9). But if there's one thing the European crisis has proven it's that the IMF can no longer be accused of not having the right ideas.
Jarad Vary is an intern at The New Republic.
Economy, Chicago, Frankfurt, Bretton Woods, Canada, Washington D.c., Denmark, Italy, United Kingdom, United States, European Union, Bundesbank, International Monetary Fund, Labour Party, U.S. Treasury Department, David Cameron, Jack Boorman, Dominique Strauss-Kahn, Harry Dexter White, Jacob Kirkegaard, John Maynard Keynes, New Hampshire, Washington Consensus


You can allow parents and students to communicate with you via email.
By adding a CONTACT page, you can have students and parents email you at your work address.
Below is an example of a contact form.
You can also have an RSVP form for things like Parent-Teacher conferences.


Injected electronics: The next wave of wearable tech?
Will we disappear inside ourselves?
Mention injected electronics and embedded wearables and talk of biohacking and cyborgs naturally follows, but this isn't about creating superior beings. "Biohacking varies greatly from the practice of inserting implants to gene sequencing, and working with plants and bacteria to blood and electronic sensors," says Dr Kevin Curran, IEEE Technical Expert, who thinks that practitioners of biohacking mostly aspire to help disabled people. "However, biohackers do share a belief in the power of technology to enhance our beings," he says.
Researchers at the University of California in San Diego recently developed a bio-tattoo that monitors sweat. "This can be classified as bio-hacking as these sensors, which are applied to the skin, can track an athlete's chemical balance to gauge his physical activity," says Curran.
Is this a natural progression from self-quantification?
"Implants could be used to monitor activities and extend the current approach of wearables in health and wellbeing," says Johnson. "Implants can offer feedback for consumers, providing insight into hormone levels, adrenaline release, lactose build-up, hydration and nutrition."
In recent years wearable technology and apps have become a key way of getting people to take more interest in being active. "Health apps are one of the best sellers in the app store and the self-quantification movement is growing," says Curran, who thinks that demand for measuring our bodies will only grow. "We are seeing more wrist-wrapped devices with increased processing and power in addition to many more sensors for reading heart rate, bio data, steps taken, estimated calories burned, quality of sleep, and more."
He gives the example of the Samsung Galaxy S5, which can read blood flow through its camera. The Apple Watch can read heart-rate, too. "However, these are limited and subject to lossy readings," he says. An injected device needs to be highly accurate and reliable if it's to serve any medical purpose.
Could we use implants as ID or to make payments?
Carrying smart cards to use public transport and using phones for Apple Pay might seem like thoroughly modern tech, but a lot of ID-based transactions could very easily be done via implants. "Several services could be enabled if you think of the implanted electronics as a replacement for some of the gadgets or things we carry with us today, for example for identification and payment," says Kamat. "A tiny chip placed subcutaneously in your wrist could serve as your credit card or driver's licence, for example."
However, it could get a lot more subtle. "Implanted electronics can allow better, more accurate sensing of various physiological parameters, but it can also enable us to effect reactions or movement in response to things that the body is not capable of sensing, such as certain frequencies of sound or light," says Kamat.
It's not all about us. The ability to inject electronics applies to all living organisms, not just people. "There is potential for non-medical applications, particularly involving environmental monitoring of plant matter in rainforests," says Johnson. "The information gained from the technology would help the industry better understand particular environmental impacts and adapt approaches in other ecosystems."
But, mostly, it is about us. "Ultimately we want our devices to disappear into our surroundings and just 'know' what to do in order to make our lives more bearable," says Curran. "Where better to disappear than inside ourselves?"


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Q: Connect To Lubuntu Server Via SFTP From Web I have a Lubuntu machine which I use as my main home file backup.
I have a Wordpress blog which I would like to backup using a plugin. The plugin allows backup to FTP/SFTP, so this seems the best option.
I already have OpenSSH server running on my Lubuntu machine, and have connected to it from within my home network from another machine.
However, I keep getting errors when I try to backup from my Wordpress blog to my Lubuntu machine. I believe now that this is because I was using my home network IP for the FTP Server (i.e. 192.xxx.xx.xx), and of course a utility on the public Web couldn't understand this IP.
How would I go about connecting to my Lubuntu machine via SFTP from outside my home network?
PS I thought it was because of ufw for a while, but my SSH port is allowed through ufw.
Thanks for your help.


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Farmington, officer, chief sued in 2011 shooting of veteran
Parents of a 28-year-old U.S. Army veteran shot and killed by a Farmington police officer in 2011 have filed a lawsuit in federal court seeking unspecified monetary damages for civil rights violations and the wrongful death of their son.
By Doug HarlowMorning Sentinel
PORTLAND — The parents of a 28-year-old U.S. Army veteran who was shot and killed by a Farmington police officer in 2011 have a filed a lawsuit in federal court seeking unspecified monetary damages for civil rights violations and the wrongful death of their son.
Ruth E. Crowley, of Milwaukie, Ore., and Michael Smilek, of Farmington, are claiming wrongful use of deadly force and violations of the Maine and U.S. constitutions in the shooting death of their son, Justin Crowley-Smilek. Named as defendants in the eight-count filing are Farmington police Officer Ryan Rosie, who shot Crowley-Smilek; Police Chief Jack Peck, who was Rosie's supervisor; and the town of Farmington.
TRAGIC END: Lorna and Michael Smilek hold a 2006 photograph of Michael's son, Justin Crowley-Smilek, who was shot and killed by Farmington police in 2011. Staff file photo by David Leaming
Attorney Douglas I. Louison of Boston, who is representing Rosie, Peck and the town of Farmington, did not immediately return a call for comment on the case Monday.
Farmington Town Manager Richard Davis said Monday that the attorneys still are formulating a response to the claims made by Smilek and Crowley.
"I can't comment while it's an active lawsuit," Davis said. "The town will defend itself against the claim."
Crowley-Smilek, a former Army Ranger who suffered from combat stress and physical injuries from service in Afghanistan, was armed with a large knife when he arrived at the Farmington municipal building just before 11 a.m. Nov. 19, 2011. He used a call box mounted on the building to contact the Police Department.
The lawsuit claims Crowley-Smilek went to the Police Department for help regarding mental health problems. Rosie went to the front entrance of the building, stepped outside and he saw a man — later identified to be Justin Crowley-Smilek — walking away, according to a report of the incident in May 2012 by then-State Attorney General William J. Schneider.
Schneider concluded the shooting was justified.
The lawsuit contends that Rosie panicked after he called out to Crowley-Smilek and saw he had a knife. Rosie took cover behind a police cruiser and drew his service firearm and fired seven or more shots at Crowley-Smilek, killing him, according to court documents.
The lawsuit claims Rosie never called for additional police help or retreated back to the police station, points that conflict with the state attorney general's findings, which reported that Rosie used his lapel microphone to call for help.
Schneider said in his final report that it was reasonable for Rosie to believe that he was threatened with imminent deadly force and that it was necessary for him to use deadly force to protect himself. He said police officers often are forced to make split-second decisions about the amount of force necessary.
Crowley-Smilek's parents disagree, saying in the lawsuit that Rosie used excessive and unreasonable force that was a violation of their son's constitutional right against unlawful searches and seizures. They claim Rosie continued to fire shots at Crowley-Smilek after he was down and no longer armed. They assert it was Rosie who assaulted Crowley-Smilek, not the other way around.
The parents also claim that Peck and the town of Farmington were responsible for assuring the community that Rosie was properly trained and supervised.
At the time of the shooting, Rosie had not yet entered the 18-week training program at the Maine Criminal Justice Academy. Rosie had been hired as a full-time police officer in June 2011.
Rosie graduated from Lake Superior State University with a bachelor's degree in criminal justice in 2009. He was set to enter the academy training program in January 2012. Rosie had experience as a reserve officer and a dispatcher before being hired full time, according to published reports.
Peck, the police chief, said Rosie had been trained in the use of firearms and a stun gun. Rosie was carrying a stun gun, but did not use it.
"He has gone through the pre-service training, a 100-hour course," Peck said in the weeks after the shooting. "Then we put him through a six-week training class. Then we have online training classes that are mandated by the state, so it wasn't like we just threw him in a cruiser and said here's a gun, have a good day."
Crowley-Smilek served four months in Afghanistan before his discharge under honorable conditions in June 2007.
In the weeks leading up to the shooting, Crowley-Smilek had slipped into paranoia and delusion from the effects of post-traumatic stress disorder and bipolar disorder, according to family members and his girlfriend. He also suffered extreme back pain from a 30-foot fall from a helicopter in Afghanistan, they said.
Michael Smilek and Kary Laban, a licensed clinical counselor who treated Crowley-Smilek, said they did not believe he was suicidal.
Crowley-Smilek's girlfriend, Destiny Cook, also of Farmington, said he had left his watch, his wallet, his cellphone and his therapy dog at his apartment, which indicated to her that he did not plan to return and that he wanted to die.
Michael Smilek said in an interview after the shooting that when Justin returned to Farmington as a civilian he couldn't function in society. He said he and his wife, Lorna, Justin's stepmother, fought to get him the help he needed.
Michael Smilek said his son took his medication at first and attended sessions with Laban at the Farmington Veterans' Center for counseling and at the Togus veterans hospital. However, he said his son had stopped taking his medications shortly before the shooting.
Crowley-Smilek began getting into trouble with police back home in Farmington in 2007 when he was arrested on charges of operating after suspension, criminal mischief and violation of conditions of bail. He was arrested again in 2009 on a charge of violating the conditions of his release, according to newspaper archives.
In April 2010, Crowley-Smilek pleaded guilty to carrying a concealed weapon without a permit in connection with an incident at University of Maine at Farmington a month earlier, in which he was found in possession of a loaded handgun at a basketball game.
He was arrested again in January 2011 for allegedly assaulting an intoxicated man who had been sleeping in a car in downtown Farmington. A few days later, Crowley-Smilek was again arrested after Farmington police found a machete and 61 marijuana plants growing in his apartment.
Crowley-Smilek had been to court on criminal charges the day before the shooting, and a judge ordered that he undergo a full psychological evaluation.
The lawsuit originally was filed Nov. 13 in Franklin County Superior Court. It was moved to federal court in Portland Nov. 27.
Davis said Rosie returned to work at the Police Department and completed training at the Maine Criminal Justice Academy. He remains a full-time police officer for the town of Farmington.
Doug Harlow — 612-2367 [email protected] Twitter: @Doug_Harlow


Arrival in your Resort in Chianti area, check in in Hotel .Welcoming cocktail, dinner and overnight stay .
After breakfast departure to Gaiole in Chianti through the Chiantigiana route. Visit of a castle in the heart of the Chianti Classico, where you will stop to visit the old wine cellars, to taste wines and to have a light lunch. In the afternoon visit of one of the small town of this area (Castellina, Gaiole…) and return to hotel for a cooking class and dinner. Overnight.
After breakfast free visit of the old town of San Gimignano. Lunch in the new modern Antonori's cellar. After lunch a brief stop in Greve in Chianti, with its main square full of enoteca and local products shops. Departure to Badia a Passignano, the famous and well known Cantine Antinori. Visit of the vineyards around the Abbey, where the Chianti Classico Reserve wine "Badia a Passignano" is produced and aged in the cellars beneath the monastery. Wine tasting and Dinner in one "Osteria" with special menu paired with Special Wines .Overnight .
1 wine tasting and light lunch in a castle in Chianti.
1 wine tasting with light lunch in Antinori estate in San Casciano val di Pesa.
1 cooking class with dinner in hotel.


An image depicts a thousand words. It's a proven fact that the human brain processes information a lot easier through images than numerous spreadsheets. Now that the digital technology has made it possible to process even a large amount of data at the pace of light, data gains the value of currency (in fact it has become as precious as money). And there is no better way to analyze Research Data than presenting it in an infographic way. Because now the readers neither have the time nor are they interested in going through lengthy paragraphs. Below are some Data Visualization Tools and Examples.
According to many experts, due to an uptrend in big data industry, Data Visualization is undergoing an interesting reverse cycle. This Big Data Visualization Example helps you create interactive visualizations about the usage of your product/service.
Publishing your work on the web is the an easy way to reach the global audience and Data Visualization is a powerful exercise to extract the meaning from magical numbers. This Interactive Data Visualization Example is interactive in every sense.
Humans are intensely visual creatures and animation charges the data visualization with graphical interfaces. This example helps you process all types of data- big, small, and medium with moving objects.
Now Android is ranking high with a record number of sales every year. Are you developing an Android-based Data Visualization application? Then this Example helps you fine tune your application with a better functionality of testing and comparing extensive data.
This Creative Data Visualization Example maps the information with creative images. It helps the viewers get the sense of your very intention in a microsecond with the easy to be corporate, yet creative charts.
Excel has far excelled in the area of data visualization over the years. Now in the place of morose and morbid spreadsheets, came the new era of interactive excel sheets. This Excel Visualization Example is definitely one of its kind with a great room to explore, visualize, and present your data.
This Financial Data Visualization example helps you to have a fresh take on visualizing your company's financial data without any loss of communication or incorrect interpretations. You can use this example across various financial domains such as marketing communications, sales, regulatory reporting, financial accounting, and investment management.
This Health Data Visualization Example is certain to change your Health institute's landscape with health metrics and evaluation. Because, when it comes to business, first impressions are crucial.
Google has upped its business analytics base with Data Studio to cope up with established contenders like Microsoft and Tableau. This Google Data Visualization Example helps you create multi-page reports that can actually be shared and edited by multiple users.
Key Performance Indicator (KPI) used to be the spinal chord of the success of any organization. The business metrics track and evaluate the status of business processes accurately. This KPI Data Visualization Example helps you track your key metrics with powerful dashboards and reporting.
> Why is Data Visualization important?
While we discussed the "what" part of data visualization in the introduction part, here comes the "why" part. The ratio of "1:1000" (image vs words) clearly envisages the dominance of snapshots when compared to wording. Here, Data Visualization comes handy. They are not only trendy but also workable. Get used to them now.