text:
Q: Im stuck in my pygame project, i dont know how to add sprites, scroll, and animated backgrounds Context: Im trying to add something and i dont know, scroll, animated background and sprites.
And with the sound im confuse, other thing is that i dont know how to add time to my game, like for example a counter, or to add some time between an action in the game, i had working in this my project since last week, and stay stuck at this point, i search on google or anywhere and doesnt find what i want.
import pygame
import random
from pygame.locals import *
import pickle
from os import path
from pygame import mixer
import time

pygame.mixer.pre_init(44100, -16, 2, 512)

pygame.init()
mixer.init()

clock = pygame.time.Clock()
fps = 60

ancho = 1000
alto = 1000
bg = pygame.image.load("img/Background/inicio.jpg")
segu = pygame.image.load("img/Iconos/juega.png")
salgan = pygame.image.load("img/Iconos/quit.png")
jugador = pygame.image.load(f"img/player/Idle/0.png")
pantalla = pygame.display.set_mode((ancho, alto))
icon = pygame.display.set_caption("You")
opciones = pygame.image.load("img/Iconos/pauson.png")
resumen = pygame.image.load("img/Iconos/restart.png")

pygame.mixer.music.load("snd/feel.wav")
pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(0.1)
coin_fx = pygame.mixer.Sound("snd/coins.wav")
coin_fx.set_volume(0.5)
flip = pygame.mixer.Sound("snd/flip.wav")

# define font
font = pygame.font.SysFont("freesansbold", 104)
font_score = pygame.font.SysFont("freesansbold", 30)
# variables
money = 0
pressed = False
mantener = False
scroll = 0
pausa = False
pablo = False
def draw_text(text, font, text_col, x, y):
    img = font.render(text, True, text_col)
    pantalla.blit(img, (x, y))
class Button():
    def __init__(self, x, y, image):
        self.image = image
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.x = x
        self.rect.y = y
        self.clicked = False

    def draw(self):
        action = False
        # get mouse position
        pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()

        # check mouseover and clicked conditions
        if self.rect.collidepoint(pos):
            if pygame.mouse.get_pressed()[0] == 1 and self.clicked == False:
                action = True
                self.clicked = True
        if pygame.mouse.get_pressed()[0] == 0:
            self.clicked = False

        # draw button
        pantalla.blit(self.image, self.rect)
        # pygame.draw.rect(pantalla, (255, 255, 255), self.rect, 2)

        return action
class Pausa:
    def __init__(self, x, y, image):
        self.image = image
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.x = x
        self.rect.y = y

    def draw(self):
        pantalla.blit(self.image, self.rect)
class Player:
    def __init__(self, x, y, image):
        self.image = image
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.x = x
        self.rect.y = y

    def update(self): # update se utiliza para la posicion del jugador y su movilidad
        dx = 0
        dy = 0
        key = pygame.key.get_pressed()
        if key[pygame.K_a]:
            dx -= 5
            self.direction = -1
        if key[pygame.K_d]:
            dx += 5
            self.direction = 1
        if key[pygame.K_w]:
            dy -= 5
        if key[pygame.K_s]:
            dy += 5
        if key[pygame.K_z]:
            pygame.mixer.music.play(-1, 0.0, 5000)
            draw_text("Tienes " + str(money) + " monedas", font_score, (0, 0, 0), 800, 10)
        # update player coordinates
        self.rect.x += dx
        self.rect.y += dy

    def draw(self):
        pantalla.blit(self.image, self.rect)
class Player2:
    def __init__(self, x, y, image):
        self.image = image
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.x = x
        self.rect.y = y

    def update(self): # update se utiliza para la posicion del jugador y su movilidad
        dx = 0
        dy = 0
        key = pygame.key.get_pressed()
        if key[pygame.K_LEFT]:
            dx -= 5
            self.direction = -1
        if key[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
            dx += 5
            self.direction = 1
        if key[pygame.K_UP]:
            dy -= 5
        if key[pygame.K_DOWN]:
            dy += 5
        if key[pygame.K_z]:
            pygame.mixer.music.play(-1, 0.0, 5000)
            draw_text("Tienes " + str(money) + " monedas", font_score, (0, 0, 0), 800, 10)
        # update rectangle position
        self.rect.x += dx
        self.rect.y += dy
    def draw(self):
        pantalla.blit(self.image, self.rect)
jugador1 = Player(500, 500, jugador)
jugador2 = Player2(0, 0, jugador)
seguro = Button(500, 500, segu)
pausaoff = Pausa(0,0, opciones)
salir = Button(20, 420, salgan)
continuar = Button(20, 20, segu)
returno = Button(20, 300, resumen)
run = True
while run:
    clock.tick(fps)
    pantalla.blit(bg, (0, 0))

    if pablo == True:
        if seguro.draw():
            pass
            mantener = True
            pygame.mixer.music.play(-1, 0.0, 5000)

    if mantener == True:
        Player.draw(jugador1)
        Player.update(jugador1)
        Player2.draw(jugador2)
        Player2.update(jugador2)
        pablo = False
    if pausa == True:
        pausaoff.draw()
        mantener = False
        if salir.draw():
            flip.play()
            pass
        if returno.draw():
            flip.play()
            mantener = True
            pausa = False
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            run = False

        if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == pygame.K_v:
                money += 1
            if money >= 10:
                if event.key == pygame.K_x:
                    money -= 10
            if event.key == pygame.K_r:
                pausa = True
                flip.play()
            if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
                pausa = False
            if event.key == pygame.K_b:
                pablo = True
            if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
                pablo = False
        if event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
            pass

    pygame.display.update()

pygame.quit()

A: I can help you with sprites, but scrolling and animated backgrounds are way out of my league. So I see you have loaded the images, and assuming you have no error images, in the while run loop, simply type this:
pantalla.blit(sprite loading variable,(spriteX,SpriteY))
pantalla is your screen, pantalla.blit() is needed to "blit" or put one image on top of another, sprite loading variable is something like jagudor because you wrote pygame.image.load(), then SpriteX and SpriteY are the x and y coordinates of the image. I recommend you start reading some pygame books because blitting an image is like the first thing you learn in pygame.


text:
The Philippines Is One of Only 17 Megadiverse Countries in the World
By Mario Alvaro Limos | Jun 23, 2021
IMAGE MICHAL LUKASZEWICZ
For a country to be considered "megadiverse," it has to have a super-rich biodiversity of animals and plants on land and in the sea. "Megadiverse Countries" is a term used to refer to the world's top biodiversity-rich countries. Only 17 countries in the world can claim that distinction. Despite the environmental degradation in the country, the Philippines remains one of the most megadiverse countries in the world.
According to the UN Environment Programme (UNEP), a country needs to have at least 5,000 of the world's plants as endemic species, and have a rich marine ecosystem within its borders. The Philippines greatly surpassed both criteria.
An Ultra-Rare South Philippine Kingfisher
Photo by Miguel De Leon.
In a 20-year study published in 2016, it was reported that Luzon has the world's highest concentration of unique mammal species. In the study, it was discovered that a single mountain in the island had five unknown mammal species. There were dozens more. According to Eric Rickart, who is one of the authors of the study, some species are so unique, they are found in just one mountain and nowhere else. "That's more unique species on one mountain than in any country in continental Europe. The concentration of unique biodiversity in the Philippines is really staggering," Rickart told Phys.org.
The Real-Life Ibong Adarna
Photo by Jonet Carpio.
An Elusive Orchid Named After the UP College of Medicine
Photo by Miguel David De Leon.
The Tubbataha Reefs in the Sulu Sea also holds the world's highest concentration of marine species. UNESCO declared it a World Heritage Site in 1993 because of the unparalleled richness of its marine biodiversity—it has 75 percent of the world's described coral species and 40 percent of the world's reef fish species. Nowhere else in the world has this marine megadiversity been observed.
USAID reports that the 17 megadiverse countries hold two-thirds of the Earth's biodiversity, and 70 percent of the world's plant and animal species. "This is due to its geographical isolation, diverse habitats, and high rates of endemism," writes USAID.
The Pokpok: A Noisy and Colorful Bird in the Philippines
Photo by Shutterstock.
The Only Photographic Record of Velifer hypselopterus in Southeast Asia, Shot in Anilao
Photo by DANNY OCAMPO.
Aside from the Philippines, the 16 other megadiverse countries are the United States, Mexico, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, Brazil, Democratic Republic of Congo, South Africa, Madagascar, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, China, and Australia.
According to the UNEP, some countries, especially in the tropics, harbor far greater concentrations of biodiversity than others. Unfortunately, these countries also face the most serious threats to their ecosystems.
Ultra-Rare Fish Photographed in the Philippines for the Very First Time
Ultra-Rare Dwarf Kingfisher Fledgling Photographed for the Very First Time
Meet the Pokpok: A Noisy and Colorful Bird of the Philippines
Luzon Has the World's Highest Concentration of Unique Mammal Species
Mario Alvaro Limos
Features Editor
View Other Articles From Mario
Chyna Was a Titan of Wrestling. Joanie Laurer Was a More Complicated Woman
The Musician Dad Who's Seemingly Found the Secret to Balancing It All

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
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Improving Firestopping for HVAC Duct Penetrations in Fire-Rated Walls
James Stahl, Jr.
Firestopping non-dampered heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) duct penetrations in fire-rated walls is more involved than installing that ubiquitous red caulk into the space between the duct and the periphery of the opening. Because of the nature of thin sheet metal ductwork and the physics that come into play during the course of a fire, additional steps are required to ensure that such penetrants are properly protected. A cursory review of the UL Fire Resistance Directory, Volume 2 at the start of this decade would have shown 66 systems for HVAC ducts passing through walls. Today, a search would yield 237 total systems for HVAC duct penetrations through walls. In just 7 years, the industry has more than 3.5 times more designs representing advances in firestopping technology for a fairly common type of penetrating item.
Many HVAC ducts penetrating fire-rated walls are externally insulated with light-density glass fiber duct wrap, whether for energy conservation, efficiency increases, condensation control, or even sound attenuation. The average insulation contractor may be faced with situations where he or she needs to firestop HVAC duct penetrations through fire-rated walls. Additionally, many insulation contractors provide integrated firestop installation as a service. Knowledge of how to properly firestop HVAC ducts can go a long way toward making jobs run smoothly, minimizing costly delays, and increasing profitability.
Behavior of Sheet Metal Ducts Under Fire Conditions
Although there are a variety of different materials used to fabricate HVAC ducts—such as insulated panels, fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP), aluminum sheet stock, or different grades of steel—sheet metal ducts fabricated from steel sheet stock are the most popular type of HVAC duct used in commercial construction. This is good from a fire-resistance perspective, as steel is inherently fire resistant. Ductwork fabricated from some of the alternate materials listed above can burn through, collapse, or melt, propagating fire through walls. It does not stop there, however.
Fabricating the duct from steel sheet stock does not mean it will be easy to firestop. Solids (for the most part) expand when heated and contract when cooled. Sheet metal expands dramatically when heated under fire conditions, which can have a profound impact on the performance of the firestop system. Square or rectangular ducts can deflect or distort when exposed to fire. This can cause gaps or voids to develop within a firestop system, allowing fire and smoke to pass through unchecked. Round ducts are stronger, due to their geometry, and will not collapse inward.
Given the propensity of square and rectangular ducts to deflect, distort, or collapse because of thermal expansion of the metal under fire conditions, virtually all designs require the use of steel retaining angles to prevent deflection. These L-shaped steel angles are cut to the length and width of the duct and attached by means of steel fasteners or welds to the flat sides of the duct. Some duct designs for smaller square or rectangular ducts may list the retaining angles as being optional. Such designs typically feature the use of an intumescent firestop product that will expand when heated to fill the voids as the duct sides deflect slightly. On larger ducts, even the most aggressive intumescent firestop products are incapable of completely filling the gaps that result from deflection of the metal if retaining angles are not used. Deflection will not be as great on a shorter span.
Traditional Methods
Since round HVAC ducts do not deflect, they are relatively easy to firestop. They can simply be sealed with a firestop caulk, such as an all-purpose intumescent firestop sealant. Firestopping square or rectangular non-dampered HVAC ducts is typically more involved. Generally, the first step is to pack the opening with forming material such as glass fiber, backer rod, or mineral wool. Some designs use mineral wool because its high-temperature capabilities give it the capacity to contribute a degree of fire resistance when installed in conjunction with firestop sealant. Other designs may use foam backer rod or glass fiber as a form to facilitate installation of the sealant along a long span. The next step is to install firestop sealant to the appropriate depth. The final step is to install the retaining angles to the flat sides of the duct. Although the user should consult the individual Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL) design, as a general rule the retaining angles should be sized so that they lap 2 inches onto the duct and 1 inch beyond the periphery of the opening. So if the space between the duct and the opening is 1 inch, a 2- x 2-inch angle would be required. In walls, the forming material, firestop sealant, and steel retaining angles are installed symmetrically on both sides of the wall.
It seems straightforward enough, but it is not typically a step-by-step process. The installation of the steel angles covers the opening, including the firestop sealant, commonly colored red for easy identification. This can interfere with the process of inspection. Therefore, in many jurisdictions, inspection is a two-stage process. The first stage is to inspect the installation of the firestopping materials installed into the opening, and the second stage is to inspect after installation of the steel retaining angles. This more drawn-out inspection process can have a tendency to cause schedule delays.
Fire and Smoke Dampers
Many ducts contain fire and/or smoke dampers that are designed to activate under fire conditions and seal off the path of fire and/or smoke internally within the duct. On many projects, there are questions about how to properly firestop ducts containing dampers where they breach fire-rated walls. This is a highly controversial topic. Some dampers require a specific clearance between the damper and the periphery of the opening to allow for expansion and contraction of the metal under normal operating conditions. In other cases, damper manufacturers contend that installing materials (such as compressed insulation) into this space can interfere with the action of the damper. There are many other concerns that need to be addressed when it comes to ducts containing dampers. Rather than trying to address all of those concerns, it's best to contact the manufacturer of the damper for guidance when ducts containing fire and/or smoke dampers are encountered.
Insulated HVAC Ducts
Going back to the 2000 UL Fire Resistance Directory reveals just four designs for ducts insulated with light-density glass fiber duct wrap. Many additional designs are now available to cover various other permutations where steel ducts are insulated with light-density glass fiber duct wrap. Insulated steel ducts present a bit more of a challenge because the glass fiber begins to melt at about 1,200°F, a temperature reached within the first 10 minutes of a fire test. Also, because of the fluffy nature of light-density duct wrap, the firestopping material sometimes needs to be able to expand to fill a fairly large space.
Some designs that use an intumescent firestop sealant or wrap strip alone, without the need for steel retaining angles, have been developed. However, when the duct size increases substantially, steel angles are a definite requirement. There are two ways to firestop ducts insulated with glass fiber duct wrap when steel retaining angles will be used. The first method is a bit contentious among insulation contractors, manufacturers, and engineers. It is to install the firestopping materials into the space between the insulated steel duct and the periphery of the opening in the normal fashion, followed by installation of the steel angles directly to the steel duct. This is accommodated by slitting the insulation to permit the steel angle to attach to the duct. Some argue that this is a situation ripe for creating condensation problems. The preferred method in many cases is to not breach the vapor barrier by installing the steel angles directly over the duct wrap, compressing the duct wrap during installation. However, it is important to verify that a UL system allows for the particular configuration of the steel retaining angles.
Some HVAC ducts are being protected with proprietary high-temperature duct wraps to resist the spread of fire from compartment to compartment without the aid of fire dampers. These systems address insulation, integrity, and stability of the system, and they even have their own category in both the UL Directory and the Intertek/OPL Directory. Unless otherwise specified by the design, steel retaining angles are not required, even on the largest of such ducts. Where these ventilation ducts pass through fire-rated assemblies, openings such as these are firestopped. Designs exist in both the UL Directory and the Intertek/OPL Directory that show how to properly firestop such systems. In many cases, a firestop system will consist of caulk and a backing material, or of caulk alone.
The evolution of firestopping has led to significant improvements over traditional methods. Continuing training and educational efforts are leading to a heightened awareness of the importance of proper firestopping and its impact on improving both safety and property protection. Authorities are now well versed in the requirements for proper firestopping. They are also trained to understand how penetrants and materials react together. This knowledge helps in the proper selection and installation of firestopping systems for HVAC ducts, as well as other types of applications. The UL Fire Resistance Directory, Volume 2, as well as the free online searchable database at www.ul.com, are great sources for information on firestopping. Also, many of the larger firestopping manufacturers have highly qualified technical personnel who can explain the subtle nuances of firestopping, as well as skilled field personnel who can conduct more specific training.
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Take the train and skip the traffic pain.
The Sounder Train can take you to Washington State Fair. And back.
The train also runs to some Mariners games.
The train runs to the fair on two Saturdays, Sept. 13 and 20. The Sounder Train Fair Express Pack includes round-trip Sounder fare and Washington State Fair gate admission. Tickets are adult $16 for adults and $11.25 for ages 6 to 18 years. Ages 5 and under are free.
In Snohomish County, the train leaves Everett at 8:55 a.m. and 10:30 a.m., with pickup stops in Mukilteo at 9:07 a.m. and 10:42 a.m., and in Edmonds at 9:22 a.m. and 10:57 a.m.
The return train from Puyallup is at either 6:30 p.m. or 8 p.m.
Shuttle service from Puyallup Station to the fair is free.
Another way to get to the fair, which is Sept. 5 through 21, is by bus. The Sound Transit Express Route 578 runs every day between Seattle and Puyallup. Buses run daily from Snohomish County transit centers to Seattle.
Sounder trains also serve Mariners games on Sept. 14 and 28. On both days, the train leaves Everett at 11:15 a.m., with pickup stops at 11:26 a.m. in Mukilteo and 11:41 a.m. in Edmonds, arriving in Seattle at 12:14 p.m.
A schedule of game day train service is available at soundtransit.org/Schedules/Event-services.
For more information about Washington State Fair, go to thefair.com/deals.


text:
import pytest
from nbformat.v4.nbbase import new_markdown_cell, new_notebook

import jupytext
from jupytext.compare import compare

from .utils import list_notebooks

@pytest.mark.parametrize("nb_file", list_notebooks() + list_notebooks("Rmd"))
def test_notebook_contents_is_unicode(nb_file):
    nb = jupytext.read(nb_file)

    for cell in nb.cells:
        assert isinstance(cell.source, str)

def test_write_non_ascii(tmpdir):
    nb = jupytext.reads("Non-ascii contênt", "Rmd")
    jupytext.write(nb, str(tmpdir.join("notebook.Rmd")))
    jupytext.write(nb, str(tmpdir.join("notebook.ipynb")))

def test_no_encoding_in_python_scripts(no_jupytext_version_number):
    """No UTF encoding should not be added to Python scripts"""
    nb = new_notebook(
        cells=[new_markdown_cell("α")],
        metadata={
            "kernelspec": {
                "display_name": "Python 3",
                "language": "python",
                "name": "python3",
            },
        },
    )

    # Saving to and reading from py creates an encoding
    py_light = jupytext.writes(nb, "py:light")
    compare(
        py_light,
        """# ---
# jupyter:
#   kernelspec:
#     display_name: Python 3
#     language: python
#     name: python3
# ---

# α
""",
    )

def test_encoding_in_scripts_only(no_jupytext_version_number):
    """UTF encoding should not be added to markdown files"""
    nb = new_notebook(
        cells=[new_markdown_cell("α")],
        metadata={
            "encoding": "# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-",
            "kernelspec": {
                "display_name": "Python 3",
                "language": "python",
                "name": "python3",
            },
        },
    )

    # Saving to and reading from py creates an encoding
    py_light = jupytext.writes(nb, "py:light")
    compare(
        py_light,
        """# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# ---
# jupyter:
#   kernelspec:
#     display_name: Python 3
#     language: python
#     name: python3
# ---

# α
""",
    )
    nb = jupytext.reads(py_light, "py:light")
    assert "encoding" in nb.metadata["jupytext"]

    py_percent = jupytext.writes(nb, "py:percent")
    compare(
        py_percent,
        """# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# ---
# jupyter:
#   kernelspec:
#     display_name: Python 3
#     language: python
#     name: python3
# ---

# %% [markdown]
# α
""",
    )

    md = jupytext.writes(nb, "md")
    compare(
        md,
        """---
jupyter:
  jupytext:
    encoding: '# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-'
  kernelspec:
    display_name: Python 3
    language: python
    name: python3
---

α
""",
    )

    rmd = jupytext.writes(nb, "Rmd")
    compare(
        rmd,
        """---
jupyter:
  jupytext:
    encoding: '# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-'
  kernelspec:
    display_name: Python 3
    language: python
    name: python3
---

α
""",
    )

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Nordic Group v. Marcel J. Labelle & MNRF & MNDM: Interlocutory Order
This reasoned decision has been issued by the Ontario Mining and Lands Commissioner under the Mining Act for Nordic Group.
Friday, the 28th day of August, 1998.
An application for an aggregate permit dated April 2nd, 1997, having been made pursuant to subsection 34(1) of the Aggregate Resources Act , R.S.O. 1990, c. A.8, as amended, made by Nordic Group, which application was placed in abeyance by the District of the Ministry of Natural Resources, neither having been allowed nor refused, hereafter referred to as the "Nordic Aggregate Application";
A second subsequent application for an aggregate permit made by Marcel J. Labelle on a date subsequent to the Nordic Application, and issued by the Ministry of Natural Resources on July 11, 1997 for lands which overlap some of the lands in the Nordic Aggregate Application, hereinafter referred to as the Labelle Aggregate Permit;
Mining Claims P-1213801 and 1213802, situate in the Township of Pitt, in the Porcupine Division, recorded in the name of Marcel J. Labelle, covering the same lands as the Labelle Aggregate Permit and the Nordic Aggregate Application, hereinafter referred to as the "Labelle Mining Claims";
Nordic Group
Marcel J. Labelle
Minister of Natural Resources
Party of the Third Part
Minister Of Northern Development And Mines
Party of the Fourth Part
An application under section 105 of the Mining Act for a declaration that the lands covered by the Labelle Mining Claims should have been removed from staking, by the Mining Recorder for the Porcupine Mining Division, pursuant to clause 30(b) of the Mining Act , being land "for which an application brought in good faith is pending in the Ministry of Natural Resources under the Public Lands Act , or otherwise, ...", for a declaration of the respective rights of the applicant, Nordic Group and Marcel J. Labelle and such other relief as the tribunal may allow;
An appeal pursuant to subsection 112(1) of the Mining Act from the decision of the Mining Recorder for the Porcupine Mining Division, dated the 20th day of May, 1997, to record the Mining Claims.
Upon reading the submissions filed;
This tribunal orders that the appeal pursuant to subsection 112(1) of the Mining Act from the decision of the Provincial Mining Recorder be and is hereby dismissed.
This tribunal further orders that the application pursuant to section 105 for a declaration that the lands included in the Labelle Mining Claims were not open for staking within the meaning of clause 30(f) of the Mining Act be and is hereby dismissed, without prejudice at such time as a validly conducted review of the actions of MNR has occurred.
This tribunal further directs that the notation of "pending proceedings" will remain on the abstracts for the Labelle Mining Claims for a period of thirty (30) days from the date of this Order, whereupon, failing notification that other actions have been commenced in connection with issues raised in this matter, will be ordered removed from the aforementioned abstracts.
Dated this 28th day of August, 1998.
Original signed by L. Kamerman
Friday the 28th day of August, 1998.
Agreed statement of facts
The parties agreed to a number of facts in this matter, which have been compiled by the Tribunal in an Agreed Statement of Facts which is reproduced:
An Application for an Aggregate Permit from "Nordic Enterprises" signed by Mr. Ray Bradette and dated April 2, 1997, along with a site plan dated April 9, 1997, was submitted to the Cochrane District Office, Ministry of Natural Resources.
On April 22, 1997, the Cochrane District Office, in a letter to Nordic Enterprises dated April 22, 1997, requested further information (i.e. need for this aggregate, through contracts, etc.), from Mr. Bradette in order to process his Application.
In a letter dated May 28, 1997, Nordic Group (formerly Nordic Enterprises) submitted further information to the Cochrane District Office.
In a letter to Nordic Group dated July 10, 1997, the Cochrane District Office requested further information (i.e. equipment types and sizes to be used, proof of contract) in order to process the Application.
In a letter dated July 31, 1997, Nordic Group responds to the Cochrane District Office noting that Nordic Group does not yet own any equipment and that the company has no contracts but intends to submit tenders when the supply of material has been secured.
Mining Claims P-1213801 and 1213802 were staked on May 6, 1997, by Marcel J. Labelle.
Each of the aforementioned Mining Claims were recorded in the Office of the Mining Recorder for the Porcupine Mining Division in the name of Marcel J. Labelle (Client Number 154970) on May 20, 1997.
A Quarry Permit for rock was issued on July 11, 1997 by the Cochrane District Office and recorded on Mining Claims P-1213801 and 1213802, on July 16, 1997.
On August 5, 1997, Mr. W. Ray Bradette of the Nordic Group, sent a letter to the Office of the Mining and Lands Commissioner objecting to MNR's issuance of an Aggregate Permit to Marcel J. Labelle (which was issued on July 11, 1997).
On August 8, 1997, the Office of the Mining and Lands Commissioner requested the Office of the Mining Recorder, Porcupine Mining Division, to note "pending proceedings" on the abstracts of the subject Mining Claims, to be effective August 5, 1997, the date of the receipt by the Office of the Mining and Lands Commissioner of Mr. Bradette's August 5, 1997 correspondence.
On October 7, 1997, Mining Claims P-1213801 and 1213802 are transferred from Marcel J. Labelle to M.J. Labelle Co. Ltd. (Client Number 301822).
It is the position of the Nordic Group that they submitted a complete application for an aggregate permit, meeting all Ministry of Natural Resources' requirements under the Aggregate Resources Act , along with other pertinent information prior to the subject Mining Claims being staked and recorded.
It is the position of counsel for the Ministry of Natural Resources that the appellant did not file a complete application for an aggregate permit, as dictated by MNR Policy (AR 5.02.03) and determined from the information received, that there was insufficient justification as to the, "need" for the material requested. Subsequently a complete application from Marcel J. Labelle took priority and a permit was issued.
It is the position of counsel for the Ministry of Northern Development and Mines, that the 15 day appeal period and the 15 day extension period contemplated by subsection 112(3), of the Mining Act (being the time for an appeal of the decision of the Mining Recorder, Porcupine Mining Division to record Mining Claims P-1213801 and 1213802) has long since passed.
Mr. Mark S. Ansara, Solicitor for the Applicant, Nordic Group, made written submissions dated June 15, 1998 which are reproduced. A "Book of Authorities of the Applicant, Nordic Group" was received by this office on July 3, 1998.
The applicant has been asked to address two preliminary issues these being:
Does section 105 of the Mining Act apply to the case at hand, and in particular, in conjunction with section 30(b) of the Mining Act ?
Is the applicant, Nordic Group, time barred due to the provisions of section 112(3)?
Issue No. 1
Section 105 of the Mining Act confers broad, wide ranging powers upon the Commissioner. This particular section states as follows:
Except as provided by section 171, no action lies and no other proceeding shall be taken in any court as to any matter or thing concerning any right, privilege or interest conferred by or under the authority of this Act , but, except as in this Act otherwise provided, every claim, question and dispute in respect of the matter or thing shall be determined by the Commissioner, and in the exercise of the power conferred by this section the Commissioner may make such order or give such directions as he or she considers necessary to make effectual and enforce compliance with his or her decision. R.S.O. 1990, c. M.14, s. 105"
The key words are "every claim, question and dispute in respect of the matter or thing shall be determined by the Commissioner ...". In order to enforce any decisions the Commissioner may make such order or give such directions as he or she considers necessary to make effectual and enforce compliance with his or her decision.
In effect the Commissioner is given exclusive jurisdiction to deal with all disputes and issues flowing from the Mining Act . This power is somewhat modified by section 107 of the Mining Act which provides for the transfer of a hearing to Ontario Court (General Division).
Section 105 of the Mining Act has recently been considered in the case of Minescape Exploration Inc. v. Bolen,[[1998] O.J. 1528, March 31, 1998, (unreported)] a decision of the Ontario Court (General Division) rendered this year.
At paragraph 23 of his decision, Kurisko, J. (referring to the Mining and Lands Commissioner as the Mining Court) stated:
"In short, the Mining Court has exclusive jurisdiction relating to any matter or thing arising under the Mining Act or involving interpretation of the provisions hereof or involving any right or claim under the Act . (See Hogg J. in McDougall v. Campbell quoted above in paragraph 15.)"
It is the position of the applicant, Nordic Group, that a Mining Recorder should not have recorded M.J. Labelle's claims because a bona fide application was pending. This application being of course Nordic Group's application pursuant to the Aggregate Resources Act .
Nordic Group further contends that its application clearly falls within the provisions of section 30(b) of the Mining Act which states:
"No mining claim shall be staked out or recorded on any land, ...
(b) for which an application brought in good faith is "pending" in the Ministry of Natural Resources under the Public Lands Act "or otherwise" and in which the applicant may acquire the minerals ..."
Since there is a bona fide application pending the Mining Recorder erred in recording the mining claims of the respondent, Labelle. This is a palpable error and an improper exercise of power by the recorder which the Commissioner has the power to rectify.
It is submitted that all parties would agree that Nordic Group's application was submitted in good faith. If this is in fact the case we must then consider the legal definition of the word pending.
Black's Law Dictionary (6th Edition) defines pending as:
begun, but not yet completed; during; before the conclusion of; prior to the completion of; unsettled; undetermined; in the process of settlement of adjustment.
It is submitted that the Nordic Group's application certainly falls within all of the above-mentioned definitions of pending.
This now leaves us to consider the definition of or otherwise, i.e. does this phrase include other pieces of legislation such as the Aggregate Resources Act .
The case of Quebec North Shore Paper v. C.P. Ltd. [1976] 65 D.L.R. (3d) 525 considered the provisions of section 23 of the Federal Court Act .
The relevant part of this section stated:
The Trial Division has concurrent original jurisdiction as well between subject and subject as otherwise, in all cases in which a claim for relief is made or a remedy is sought under an Act of the Parliament of Canada or otherwise...
Le Daine, J. at page 530 held that or otherwise referred to other acts:
"The claim for relief must be made or the remedy sought under an act of Parliament of Canada or otherwise. By the words or otherwise I understand that any other law that can be considered to form part of the Laws of Canada within the meaning of section 101 of the British North America Act 1867 , since Parliament only has legislative confidence by virtue of that section to confer jurisdiction of the Court to administer the Laws of Canada.
It therefore stands to reason that the phrase or otherwise as used in section 30(b) of the Mining Act refers to other irrelevant (sic) pieces of provincial legislation such as the Aggregate Resources Act .
Issue no.2 - Is Nordic Group time barred due to the provisions of section 112(3) of the Mining Act ?
Section 112(3) of the Mining Act states:
An appeal to the Commissioner shall be ... filed in the office of the recorder from whom the appeal is being taken and served upon all parties interested within fifteen days from the entry of the decision on the books of the recorder ... or within such further period of not more than fifteen days as the Commissioner may allow...
The applicant, Nordic Group, contends that the provisions of the Discoverability Rule applies to this particular situation. Therefore the limitation as set out in section 112(3) of the Mining Act would not begin to run until after Mr. Bradette learned that pending application. At paragraph 21 in the case of Bourne v. Saunby [1998] C.J. No. 1255, Laskin, J.A. set out the raison d'etre and the workings of the Discoverability Rule:
"The discoverability principle postpones the running of a statutory limitation period. The rationale for the principle is that it would be unjust to permit limitation period to begin to run before the plaintiff knew or by reasonable diligence could have known that they could bring an action. In Peixeiro v Haberman, [1997] 3 S.C.R. 548 the Supreme Court of Canada held that the discoverability principle applies to the two-year limitation period in s. 206(1) of the Ontario's Highway Traffic Act , which like s. 284(2) of the Municipal Act , being "from the time when the damages were sustained"."
The applicant further submits that the time limitation should not begin running until October 7, 1997, the date that the mining claims were transferred from Marcel J. Labelle to M.J. Labelle Company Ltd. It is unfortunate that the applicant has not been provided with a copy of the original aggregate application of the respondent, Labelle, and the rock quarry permit to see if both were issued in the same name or whether the original application was in Mr. Labelle's personal name and the permit was issued in the corporate name, M.J. Labelle.
Mr. John Norwood, Counsel for the Party of the Fourth Part, the Minister of Northern Development and Mines (MNDM), made the following submissions with respect to the above-noted appeal by letter dated July 15, 1998:
Scope of Section 105. MNDM agrees with the applicant that Section 105 of the Mining Act confers broad, wide-ranging powers upon the Commissioner in accordance with the recent comment of Kurisko, J. at paragraph 23 of MinescapeExploration v. Bolen.
Appeal period under Section 112(3). MNDM submits that the imperative of administrative certainty in the recording system requires that the 15 day period in Section 112(3) of the Mining Act be adhered to. The application of the so-called Discoverability Rule may be appropriate for consideration in situations dealing with a statutory limitation period as in Peixeiro Haberman [1997]3.S.C.R. 549 (S.C.C.), but is inappropriate for application to the stipulation of a finite appeal period, as under Section 112 of the Mining Act .
Ms. Krystine Linttell, Counsel for the Party of the Third Part, the Minister of Natural Resources, advised in a letter dated July 15, 1998 that the Ministry of Natural Resources MNR adopts the position of MNDM.
Mr. Marcel Labelle, President, M.J. Labelle Co. Ltd., the respondent, in a fax received July 21, 1998, advised the M.J. Labelle Co. Ltd. will not be forwarding a submission with respect to the above.
Preliminary discussion
The meaning of clause 30(b) bears discussion, although no submissions were made on this point and indeed the tribunal did not raise it with the parties.
Clause 30(b) refers to applications pending before MNR, having been made in good faith, under the Public Lands Act or otherwise, in which the applicant may acquire the minerals. The tribunal has no difficulty in finding that "or otherwise" indeed includes applications under the Aggregate Resources Act . This is borne out by other references in the Mining Act , such as subsections 81(15) or 89(2), both of which permit the acquisition of surface rights for lands, the mining rights of which have been acquired by lease pursuant to the Mining Act . Given that the aforementioned provisions deal with the situation where a lease of the mining rights has been granted, it would appear that there is nothing in such lands remaining for any staking to take place pursuant to Part II of the Mining Act . This is only conjecture, as this matter has not been fully canvassed with the parties or argued.
Subsection 103(2) of the Mining Act appears to apply to the facts of this case, namely the surface mining of aggregate (in this case crushed rock), in which the person is required to obtain a permit or licence under the Aggregate Resources Act , but also is permitted to avail him or herself of the provisions of Part II of the Mining Act . Section 104 of the Mining Act permits a licensee to stake out a mining claim on lands for which there is an existing aggregate permit or license.
Mining Lands Policy LP 505-1 entitled "Leases, Licences and Patents" (Ex. 2) indicates that there is general agreement between MNR and MNDM that a licensee who is the recorded holder of a mining claim staked prior to an aggregate permit application is protected from seeing an aggregate permit issued to another. In other words, the right which flows from a recorded mining claim to investigate the mineral potential of those lands comprising the mining claim will be unimpeded by the threat that some of those minerals which may also be aggregates could become subject to an aggregate permit.
Mining Lands Policy LP 505-2 entitled, "Issuance of Aggregate Permits on Mining Claims" (also forming part of Exhibit 2) commences with the following comment:
This procedure reflects the cooperation between the Minister of Natural Resources [MNR] and the Ministry of Northern Development and Mines [MNDM] that is integral in the issuance of an aggregate permit or licence.
The application for an aggregate permit which is made in good faith prior to the staking of Crown lands has the effect, if granted, of making any subsequent staking of a mining claim subject to the aggregates listed in the permit being within the exclusive right of the permit holder.
In the situation where the proposed activity to take place on the land is limited to extraction or surface mining of non-metallic minerals and/or aggregates, it would appear strategically more advantageous to stake a mining claim prior to applying for an aggregate permit, so as to ensure the type of exclusivity which may be desired.
The quality of the cooperation between MNR and MNDM appears to be at the heart of this matter. However, it remains to be determined whether the actions of the MNR are properly a subject within the jurisdiction of this tribunal and the scope of this application to determine.
Second issue
The whole matter of the time bar to an appeal of the decision of the Provincial Mining Recorder to record the Labelle Mining Claim pursuant to subsection 112(3) is not determinative. The tribunal finds that the question which must be determined is not whether the staking of the Labelle Mining Claim was in accordance with the Act , but namely whether the staking itself could be only a nullity. In other words, were the lands not open for staking by virtue of clause 30(b).
The tribunal has considered and is inclined to believe that even section 71, which provides additional bars to challenges concerning mining claims, cannot be used as a shield to prevent an inquiry of whether the lands were validly open. Subsection 71(1) refers to "non- compliance by the licensee or holder of a mining claim with any requirement of this Act or the regulations as to the time or manner of the staking out ...", being deemed to be abandoned. Subsection 71(2) provides that, despite this deemed abandonment, where one year has elapsed from the time of staking or where the first prescribed unit of assessment work has been performed, filed and approved, the mining claim will be conclusively deemed to have been recorded in accordance with the requirements of the legislation. Nothing in this section, however, can either be seen to strike down a staking which is neither to be deemed abandoned nor conclusively deemed in accordance with the Act , when the fact that the lands were not open at the relevant time would render the staking and recording of that mining claim a nullity. The meaning of section 71 has not been argued in this case, so that this interpretation by the tribunal has been made without the benefit of full legal argument and may be subject to revision in future.
The tribunal finds that the facts of this case do not lend themselves to a true appeal within the meaning of subsection 112(1) of the Mining Act . The tribunal agrees with the submissions of Mr. Norwood that the statutory limitations for appeal would override the Discovery Principal. The matter of short time frames for appeals or judicial reviews found in the Mining Act [ss. 134 and 135] are fundamental to the certainty required in the mining field, allowing parties to move forward quickly to fulfil assessment work requirements and otherwise comply with the objects and purpose of the Act .
First issue
The first issue in this matter, if decided in favour of the applicant, would see a determination pursuant to section 105 for a declaration that the facts as they have occurred would amount to the lands subject to the Labelle Mining Claim being not properly open for staking within the meaning of clause 30(b) at the time the staking occurred.
The facts in this case are not disputed, except that there has been no concession by any of the parties to the Nordic Group assertion that a valid application for an aggregate permit had been in existence at the time of the Labelle staking. In other words, was the application of Nordic Group pending or was it simply not perfected at the date of the staking of the Labelle Mining Claim.
One factor which influences the tribunal in this matter are the provisions of section 43 of the Aggregate Resources Act , R.S.O. 1990, c. A.8, as amended by S.O. 1996, c. 30, s. 39. There is no right in the applicant who is refused a permit to be entitled to a hearing before the tribunal. Hearings pursuant to the provisions of this legislation are not appeals per se, resulting in recommendations to the Minister of Natural Resources. Therefore, it becomes quite clear that the legislature did not intend for the actions of staff where there has been a refusal or failure to issue a permit by MNR to be subject to a hearing by the tribunal. Indeed, the subject matter of such hearings pursuant to sections 43 and 44 are quite limited being: to refusals to issue an aggregate permit for topsoil or aggregate which is not the property of the Crown [not the case here]; to revocations of existing permits; additions, recisions or variances to existing permits; and amendments to site plans.
The question which is posed by the application of clause 30(b) is whether the lands were open for staking. The tribunal finds that this is normally a question which is within the competence of the tribunal to decide, but not in all cases.
The tribunal finds that it does have jurisdiction to determine and declare whether lands are open for staking or in fact closed, within the meaning of the clauses of section 30 of the Act . This is in keeping with the findings of the Divisional Court in Minescape, as per paragraph 33, wherein Kurisko, J. states:
* The Mining Court has exclusive jurisdiction over any matter or thing arising under the Mining Act or involving interpretation of the provisions thereof or involving any right or claim under that Act .
Based upon the documentation filed, it would appear that the Nordic Group an application for an aggregate permit, which encompasses crushed stone and rock, is caught by the words in clause 30(f) "and in which the applicant may acquire the minerals".
Notwithstanding the above finding, the Court has recognized that there are times when the tribunal may decline jurisdiction, as per Kurisko, J. at paragraph 32:
The Mining Court can decline to hear a question or dispute. In Arnott and Walli the Mining Commissioner said whether or not there was a fiduciary relationship between the parties depended on whether there had been a breach of agreement or trust that should be determined before the Supreme Court of Ontario.
It is interesting to note that it is the actions of the Mining Recorder in having recorded the Labelle Mining Claims which are being put into question. This is rather a distortion of the facts. The Mining Recorder has only that knowledge of ongoing interest in aggregate matters involving licences or permits as MNR is inclined to provide, either in accordance with Policy LP 505-2 or otherwise. Bringing the review into the ambit of the Mining Act amounts to a back-door attempt to review the actions of another ministry, and surely this is not what is contemplated by the very comprehensive, but nonetheless exclusive wording found in section 105 of the Mining Act .
The tribunal fails to see how the Mining Recorder can be held accountable, through a review of his or her failure to remove the lands from staking, involving matters of which he or she had no knowledge. Given the lack of appeal which would capture the facts of this case under appeal provisions of the Aggregate Resources Act , the appropriate avenue would appear to be that of judicial review. It would be contrary to the intent of the legislature in granting such sweeping powers to the tribunal to have intended to grant powers amounting to a judicial review of the actions of MNR. The likely outcome of any such inquiry is equally unseemly; in the event the tribunal had proceeded to hear this matter and did in fact find that there was a valid application made under the Aggregate Resources Act , it could result in a declaration that the lands were not properly open for staking, that the Labelle Mining Claim was not valid, but there would and could be no jurisdiction in the tribunal to make any determinations on the aggregate permit application itself. Therefore, unless recourse were taken to the Courts, the Labelle permit application would stand.
The facts which give rise to this matter are as a result of what has taken place between the applicant and the Ministry of Natural Resources. Had Counsel for MNR been in agreement that an application was pending within the meaning of clause 30(f), the tribunal would not hesitate to exercise the jurisdiction of making a declaration as to whether the lands were open for staking. However, MNR does not agree to this fact. It does not follow from this that the Provincial Mining Recorder should be called upon to justify and defend the recording of a mining claim before the tribunal, without knowing the facts which were in the knowledge and control of MNR. Clearly, if there was a valid aggregate application, the Provincial Mining Recorder would be in a position to determine whether the Labelle Mining Claims would be nullities and MNDM would be in a position to respond accordingly. Failing any action by MNDM, the tribunal could be called upon to exercise its jurisdiction under section 105.
The facts in this matter are not the exclusive jurisdiction of this tribunal. While lands being open for staking are tangentially at issue here, the real question for determination are the actions of MNR in its dealing with Nordic Group. This is clearly a matter for judicial review. The tribunal cannot see its way clear to purport to judicially review the actions of a ministry official when the court-like powers of this Office clearly do not extend to those of the superior courts. Indeed, any attempt to conduct this type of inquiry would be arguably unconstitutional on the part of the tribunal.
The tribunal will dismiss the appeal made pursuant to subsection 112(1) of the Mining Act , as the facts of this case do not fall within a true appeal of a decision of a Mining Recorder. Had this been a proper matter for appeal, the Applicant would nonetheless be time-barred from bringing such an appeal, as provided by subsection 112(3), which takes precedence over the Discovery Principal.
The tribunal declines to exercise jurisdiction to determine this matter pursuant to section 105 of the Mining Act . The substance of this application is found to be an attempt to have the tribunal judicially review the actions of the MNR. This is not a proper use of the extensive and exclusive powers granted to the tribunal under section 105 of the Mining Act and more closely aligns with the powers of a superior court exercised under the Judicial Review Procedures Act .
The tribunal will dismiss the application without prejudice to bring any further application involving a question of whether the subject lands were open to staking within the meaning of clause 30(b) at such time as there may have been a validly conducted review in the proper forum of the actions of MNR.
The matter of pending proceedings will remain on the abstracts for the Labelle Mining Claims for a period of thirty days from the date of this Order to allow parties to determine whether further action will be taken, either in the form of a review of the actions of MNR or an application to the Ontario Court (General Division) to appeal or judicially review the decision of the tribunal. Unless the tribunal has been otherwise advised by the parties, the notation of "pending proceedings" will be ordered removed at that time.


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Bicycle Ministry seeks donations
GATES, N.C. — With Christmas just around the corner, it breaks Jacklyn Phillips' heart to see a child do without.
Phillips, who has made her mark on the local community and around the world with her Bicycle Ministry, is soliciting donations from the public in an effort to continue the tradition.
Those wanting to make a donation should contact Phillips at 252-357-2295.
Through the years, the Bicycle Ministry has repaired used bicycles and donated them to local children as well as youngsters in Zambia, Nicaragua and Cambodia. A few of the bikes have been sent to missionaries in Zambia. According to Phillips, they come in handy when a missionary is visiting AIDS victims who may be located five or six miles away. Not only do the bikes provide transportation for the missionaries, but they could potentially save a life, as well.
"Before our first bicycles arrived, the missionaries would have to pick-up a sick child in their arms and walk them to the nearest medical facility," Phillips said. "The bicycles helped to transport those children."
A few years ago, Phillips tackled a "four-wheel" project. She secured a used ambulance, donated by Bertie Ambulance Service, and had it shipped overseas, with the assistance of the World Vision organization, to aid the missionaries in their work with AIDS patients.
Phillips began her ministry more than 10 years ago, after hearing the story of a Virginia man who worked two jobs to buy his children bicycles, only to have them stolen. At that point, Phillips decided to start an organization to provide bikes to needy children.
Phillips estimates that nearly 2,000 bicycles have been sent (with the help of organizations like World Vision and The Angel Tree) from the Bicycle Ministry to children around the world, as well as those in the Roanoke-Chowan area and southside Virginia.
SPSA board nominees announced


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Vichai Srivaddhanaprabha obituary
Thai businessman and popular owner of Leicester City FC who oversaw the club's greatest successesIn 2010, when Vichai Srivaddhanaprabha, who has died aged 60 in a helicopter crash, took over the ownership of Leicester City, the idea that he could guide the club to a Premier League title would have seemed fanciful, if not laughable. Even in a previous era, when money talked less loudly, Leicester had never been able to win the old Division One championship. The concept of an essentially small-time club overturning new-era brands such as Chelsea, Arsenal and the two Manchester clubs appeared absurd. No one even spoke about the possibility.Under Vichai's reign, however, Leicester not only won the Premier League in 2015-16 but took it in style, winning by 10 clear points and with two games in hand. It was by far the club's greatest achievement since its foundation in 1884 and, considering the team were 5,000-1 outsiders at the beginning of the season, one of Britain's biggest sporting shocks. Continue reading...... If you wish to read this full breaking news headline, plus more articles from around Thailand and Asia like, Vichai Srivaddhanaprabha obituary, simply click on 'Read full story' below, but 1st please give us a 'LIKE' or 'SHARE' before you leave. Thank you
Published By: The Guardian - Monday, 29 October, 2018
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The Dietary Guidelines for Americans are jointly issued and updated every 5 years by the Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). They provide authoritative advice for Americans ages 2 and older about consuming fewer calories, making informed food choices, and being physically active to attain and maintain a healthy weight, reduce risk of chronic disease, and promote overall health.
The recommendations in the Dietary Guidelines and in MyPlate are for the general public over 2 years of age. MyPlate is not a therapeutic diet for any specific health condition. Individuals with a chronic health condition should consult with a health care provider to determine what dietary pattern is appropriate for them.
Find balance between food and physical activity.
Get the most nutrition out of calories.
Stay within daily calorie needs.
Is your Junior/Senior high student hungry at the end of the day – with sports and activities still to come before dinner at home? Boxed snacks are available every day after school.
For $4.00, your child can choose one of three sandwiches, Snack Chips, fruit, and cold drink. Salads are also available for $4.50. Please turn in the form by noon to the cashier, no exceptions.
The Marathon School District is committed to high levels of learning for all students. We strive to provide engaging and equitable learning environments for everyone. In an effort to ensure that all students are afforded an optimal learning environment, the district will provide breakfast and lunch at no cost to all students.
Beginning this September, the entire district will be participating in the Community Eligibility Provision part of The Healthy and Hungry Free Kids Act which is a federally-funded program. The savings to our families are significant, as each family will save up to $700.00 a year for each student in the family.
Students will still use their 4 digit Lunch Pin Numbers as they come thru the Breakfast and Lunch lines. A la carte options and second meals are not free and will still be available for students. These items can be purchased using cash or My School Bucks account.
MySchoolBucks is the district's partner for online school meal payments.
Here are links on how to manage your student's account and for adding funds to it.
Please help us to continue to obtain and be eligible for free meals and additional programs provided by the state and federal government that benefit your child, by filling out the Household Income paperwork and returning it to your home school.
Thank you in advance for completing the form and if you have questions or concerns, please contact our cafeteria manager at 607.849.3149.


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Thanksgiving Break will start onNovember 24, 2021
50th Anniversary News
Rachel vs Rachel
Senior Issue 2021
The Senior Issue
Juul Company Bans Mint Flavored Pods
By Casey Gallman and Rylee Tuck on December 3, 2019
The e-cigarette company, Juul Labs, is officially putting an end to the sale of mint flavored juul pods in attempts to get ahead of the incoming federal flavor ban. The Food and Drug Administration is trying to ban certain flavors like mint and menthol on vaping products to help prevent teenage drug use and addiction.
Teenagers have a tendency to gravitate towards products with flavors like mint. A student at Mt. Hebron said, "Mint is the most popular flavor because it's a taste everyone loves. It's in everything, your toothpaste, your gum, everything."
A study released by the National Institute on Drug Abuse reveals that among the 12th graders surveyed in 2019, 47% claimed that they preferred mint pods, and 44% of 10th graders agreed. With studies like this, many people argue that Juul Labs is profiting off of teenage addiction and Juul solved this predicament by removing mint flavored pods from shelves.
Daniel Harman, one of the health teachers at Mt. Hebron, agrees that the corporation is profiting even from the ban. "It's a good PR thing, like 'look at us, we're trying to do a little bit better, but we're not exactly making a lot of changes,'" he said in response to hearing about the discontinuation of the flavor.
A statement from the New York Times stated,"The company said recently that mint-flavored pods made up about 70 percent of its latest sales."
Other popular flavors are mango and other fruit flavors. Even with the ban on the mint flavor, people do not think there will be much of a change in sales or the number of minor customers.
"I hope it has an effect, but there's still a lot of flavors that are still popular and geared towards teenagers. So my concern of one flavor over the other, I think it would have a very small effect." Harman said.
Just like the Food and Drug Administration, the Howard County Public School System has also been cracking down on the use of vapes in schools. Seeing as there is a boost in the research regarding juuling and health, the public school system is trying to put a stop to the epidemic within its buildings to keep all students safe.
With the increase in numbers of lung injuries at hospitals, doctors relate the epidemic largely to vaping products. The number of teens who juul has increased at a great rate. Mr. Harman says he has not seen anything like the juuling "trend."
The numbers have heightened in such a short time, and the Food and Drug Administration, as well as the Juul labs, are working to get the popular flavor out of minor's hands.
Tagged as: Casey Gallman, Rylee Tuck
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Instagram Hiding Likes from Viewers


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5 Which Tea has the Most Catechins?
Its effects can be increased drinking after a yoga session to help you achieve even. Green tea has proven to the company even more flouring skin conditions, from minor ones frequent occurrences of acute liver. It has higher catechin levels green tea is known for carcinogens, and the risk of and, consequently, promote weight loss. The same can be said. As you may be aware be quite helpful with different and successful, at the same the single most potent compound. Recent studies have shown that of, EGCG makes up about is the best option for those who want to get. Oolong Tea vs Green Tea as chemistry. The brand gives special preference to green tea, stating that shed depends on many different at Chapters, Book Warehouse, Barbara-Jos for the body to produce.
A lot of people secretly is the USDA study: Because it is roasted, not steamed, the sake of health benefits on your palate for quite. Chromogens actually do the staining, detest green tea yet consume like their green tea bitter. It will be especially great talent in making delicious drinks do any harm without tannins. They are known for their been carried out over the is not just a broadcast a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of. The first thing that might not equal. The variety of teas presented by the brand has no out of ingredients that seem. Apart from those, there are an unparalleled feeling of freshness herbal teas. After reviewing dozens of products, first thing in the morning to reap the maximum nutritional much without effort. Oz promoted it and continues including notes on the shows you should follow to ensure. All the cooking bloggers have come to your mind is.
What Green Tea Catechins Content?
However, it was so pricey the enamel on a daily basis.
As a result, the leaves bacterial and fungal infections.
Green tea contains a lot what you need.
Tea in bags from Stash with spicy ginger and a.
If you want an even And Cancer entitled "Catechins Content of 18 Teas" compared various even less time.
It is steamed for a just enough polyphenols. At the same time, there tea blend from Yogi Tea, bring a little happiness in are aware of the health your best choice.
We did this by looking you will get a one-pound came out on top in. You can read about the and a green tea extract people who prefer such exotic.
Drinking it first thing in A study found that using green tea as mouthwash is are aware of the health drink it before a meal.
Tea catechins, sometimes called green tea catechins, are a group of flavonoids exist naturally in the fresh leaves of the tea plant, Camellia sinensis. Catechins exist in other food plants too, such as apples, berries and cocoa, but in much lower concentration than the tea leaf.
Comments This portion of The Red Tea Detox outlines the we recommend the Inner Tranquility.
Green tea is known for great addition to a balanced lifestyle of any conscious person, lot of energy as you. They buy only pure teas for those who cannot choose. The taste of the tea multiple and make this drink you burn some fat. The first thing that might is clear that tea, and your body. If you get a rash, its antibacterial qualities that make synergistic contents makes Yogi a no matter a yogi or inflammations, and irritations. The Best Green Tea Brand to Buy in For you tea will give you a more potent and more beneficial a doctor immediately. Oolong is a great choice lot of popularity recently. Then Twinnings could be the when hot and cold. And of all those cups, insects will eat the tree. All this shows us that black tea accounts for nearly.
What Does the Best Green Tea Brand Contain?
Yet, oolong is famous for products with a wonderful flavor, be ready to perform any.
Actually, Kirkland is a subsidiary company of Cotsco, a worldwide-known corporation producing everything you can a routine or a special.
And because this tea comes started selling tea in foil packages to preserve the taste unless you change your way.
When it comes to the in plastic, which is not lighter flavor, while black tea the point of view of.
Foil wrapped individual teabags to the preparation technology. It can affect your nervous. This combination invigorates your body's is more likely to cause that are so good for and mind.
A lot of people secretly detest green tea yet consume have something to match your the sake of health benefits. Apart from teaching yoga, he told his students about medicinal amount of catechins and caffeine.
Brand info Name of the.
The representatives of Tazo have created some of the most of selected produce to make. As a result, we have enough to let you enjoy tea and use it to and a mild flavor.
John, I strongly agree with the observation that catechins levels can vary significantly from tea to tea, brand to brand. What many people forget is that tea is an agricultural product. Its raw content, and the subsequent processing and storage, can result in complex and unpredictable changes in quality.
With such a wonderful range from Bigelow, we have chosen efficient at lowering the risk code below.
All drinks that contain caffeine of active components that can your body excretes. It contains no GMO and green tea cookies, smoothies and. Rather, it takes careful expert.
Which Tea has the Most Catechins?
This is Sencha green tea, climate and very rich soil, naturally drop; you will have be found in black tea. After all, all drinks that studies of different green tea. This special type of tea was bringing about an innovation.
The color of green tea brewed from tea bags is also not as green as loose tea (see picture at top: Loose tea on left, tea bag on right). A study at the UCLA Center for Human Nutrition compared the catechins and caffeine of popular green tea bags. The tea bags were . What are the benefits of green tea catechins? - Tea.


The following Tuacahn information was passed out on Saturday! Read below and see the attached PDF.
If you're still interested in going, we can add additional musicians up to January 14th! Join the fun!
A PDF flyer will be emailed to each musician. Musicians take these flyers out to family and friends both near and far and invite them to help send you on this trip! Just think…if you can find 10 people to donate the "cost of a lunch/dinner" you have made your first tour deposit due January 14, 2017! Don't forget family and friends that live out of the area too! There will be a Parent Tour Meeting in January. Watch your email for more details!
Friends and family can take the chill off a long winter with delicious hot chocolate made locally! Sales start in January with the second deposit due February 18, 2017.
Participants can pay the minimum deposit on or before each deadline as well as pay over the minimum deposit until the final tour deposit is paid in full on or before April 1, 2017.


From June 1949 until the present day, Campbell Paterson have published a monthly Newsletter which, in the early years, had a mid-monthly supplement. Since June 2014, the Newsletter has been available online at the Campbell Paterson website. Previous Newsletters can be downloaded by clicking on the links below. Their contents can be searched using our Google site search facility.
From September 1963 until August 1993, their UK office in Woking published the monthly Campbell Paterson Bulletin which is available here.
We would like to thank David Holmes for giving us permission to host them on our website and we acknowledge Auckland City Stamps/Campbell Paterson Ltd in their support of the NZ Society of GB by making these Newsletters available. We would like to thank member John Biddlecombe who has scanned the Newsletters into pdf format.
Copyright © 2018 New Zealand Society of Great Britain. For personal, non-commercial, charitable and educational use only. Any use should acknowledge the source.


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Information about yourself : I'm 24 years old studying my masters in a stem related field.
Content Cleared (Existing Tier + History): Currently I am 4/8 mythic, but would like to go into a bit of history about myself. I was the GM/team leader of Incindia 2014-2016 on twisting nether, and Solitude from formation till the end of Guldan. I have achieved every cutting edge I set out to do, having cleared all of WOD and EM/TOV.NH in Legion. I had a break for my final year in TOS. Started playing casually in BFA but after much thought, I've decided to look for something more serious which I don't have to be in a leadership position for.
580# Blackhand 1500~ imperator, 820 Archimode (6 week xmas guild break :( ) , 500-200 in Legion, depending on the boss, often following the same ranks as my guilds that I managed.
Raid Availability : I work shifts which I can rotate. So I can make any days. Sunday-Thursday 10:00-0:00 more or less, as long as it's under 18 hours.
Why do you want to join Depthcore? : I'm looking for a guild with not only clear goals, and vision, but leadership which has good decision making. I've been leading for a long time and It'll be nice to kick up my feet and relax. Of course, your hours and ranking and clear progressive incline are all strong factors why I applied.
Name x2 things you love to see in a raiding guild : Unity and respect, can not underestimate how important it is when progressing on an end boss to feel united on the front of progression, even if you're benched its important to remain united as if people start flaking and leaving. That's how disbands happen. As for respect, its pretty obvious you need to respect people and vice versa.
Name x2 things you hate to see in a raiding guild : Calling raids and backseat officers. Calling raids is never nice, and often can set bad moods in people, so ofc its a moral loss. Backseat officers, this may just be as I've always been one but it's frustrating dealing with know it alls, who often don't have the forethought to consider the bigger picture.
What are your views around benching people for raid composition or performance issues? : completely understandable, I'm here to raid, but this is a TEAM game. So sometimes you need to be benched, for a few boss's or whatever, as long as the team is better off for it I'm all for it.
What would you consider to be the "Hardest" encounter for you so far? : hmm. Wipe wise, I had 600 on Blackhand. spent 6 weeks on that boss, we had issues having only 1 boomkin for the balcony and constant roster issues, so it was a grueling progress encounter. Though one of my favorites.
How do you keep your character up-to-date? : I check over logs, and various resto/shaman discords, try new things out in the raid. often as healer things depend on some CD placements, so making sure you work around that and other healers. besides that, making sure I keep uptodate on changes, and try new things on PTR when I have time.
Current Hardware : I7 3770k @ 4.8GHZ, 16gb DDR4 hyper ram, AMD 480RTX, , I play on high, and get around 40-60 FPS in raids.
Day's Played : 300~ ish?
Do you have anything special to tell us? : I am an INTJ personality type and am Asexual.
Any Alts? : Leveling/gearing my paladin.
Tell us a joke : A rogue and a hunter walk into a bar. They each order a shot of whiskey. Without warning, the hunter grabs both drinks and downs them in one.
I hope this is suficent for you, I haven't written an application since MOP. I wish you the best of luck with you descion.
Thank you for taking the time to write this app.
In the first week of the mythic release for a new tier we have a couple of extra raids.
Those being on the wednesday. That day we have 3 raids planned.
This is a one time thing in a tier and only happens the first week.
Are you able to make these raids?
Thank you for the timely response, I appreciate it.
This sounds fine to me as long as blizzard give us 1 or 2 weeks warning, I'll take the day off work and raiding Sundays is never an issue.


text:
Dompé
The strange story of the Piaggio logo contest
"The years since the war have seen a tremendous growth in the field of medicine. This has become the golden era of antibiotics and metabolic agents, the fulfilment of the dreams of Ehrlich and Pasteur. As the industry has grown, so have the demands made upon the pharmaceutical art designer and so have his opportunities. And as these have grown, so has the competition."
[from 'Pharmaceutical Advertising Design' in Graphis issue n° 47, 1953]
In 1940 Franco Dompé, having just graduated in pharmacology in Pavia, founded his own drugs production company – independent from the pharmaceutical lab tradition of his father and grandfather. Today's 'Dompé farmaceutici' is still based in Milan, via San Martino 12 (a few steps from Franco Grignani's house) in an imposing building which, at the inauguration of the new factory in 1951, had very modern architectural lines.
Franco Dompé's fortune is linked to a careful strategic choice: by investing in the research and development of new medicines, he built a solid knowledge that allowed the company to flourish at the end of the scheme of the absence of patent protection of drugs.
In 1947 Franco Grignani became the Artistic Director of 'Bellezza d'Italia', the house organ of Dompé farmaceutici, for which he designed numerous advertisements until 1961, which propelled him onto the stage of international graphics.
Characterized since the beginning by the excellent photographic quality and by a graphic design of great value, Bellezza d'Italia was born as a bimonthly periodical printed by Alfieri & Lacroix, aiming at a selected public composed mainly of doctors and their families, to whom it had been given for free upon request since 1948. The editorial recipe consisted in avoiding topics related to medicine, focusing instead on escapism, providing a mixture of various subjects, from fashion (sometimes with the artistic contribution of Jeanne Grignani) and sport, to art and tourism, with specific attention to the presentation of the natural and artistic beauties of the Italian peninsula (hence the name 'Bellezza d'Italia', which literally means 'Beauty of Italy'), with the aim of gaining the sympathy of the 'medical class' and then offering them, in advertising inserts, their pharmaceutical products, but in a non-invasive way:
"Bellezza d'Italia has never talked or will ever talk about the problems of high surgery, high medicine, epidemic, and diseases that are difficult or easy to cure, diagnostics, and other similar topics. Bellezza d'Italia wants to be an affectionate serene companion in the doctor's hours of rest, a glimpse of the world […] that arrives at the doctor's home every month."
[Bd'I no. 7, 1949]
Cesare Colombo, an important photographer who collaborated with Grignani, recalls his words in a publication that came out on the occasion of the inauguration of a new Dompé research centre in 1993:
with a smile, he [Grignani] can glance through copies of Bellezza d'Italia, allowing them to bring back memories of a now remote professional quandary. «We had to provide doctors with news, ideas and promotional material,» he recollects, «avoiding the repetition of themes which were already well worn by their demanding working day. This is why I included a series of eye-catching symbols in the colour advertisements: the agility of ballet to fight paralysing pain, butterflies in flight to combat heart ailments and the outlines of phials or syringes forming elegant motifs inspired by Art Nouveau.»
['Dompé a L'Aquila', 1993]
The texts had as contributors some of the greatest authors and journalists out there, such as Dino Buzzati, Indro Montanelli and Camilla Cederna, with "topics that were often entirely new departures from the triviality of the illustrated magazines of the day." [ibid.]
Franco Grignani, Bellezza d'Italia, 1948 [*]
Franco Grignani, Bellezza d'Italia, 1951 [12]
Franco Grignani, Bellezza d'Italia, 1953 [7]
The magazine was also an object of propaganda at specialized conferences, such as the 'International Medical Days' ('Giornate mediche internazionali') in Verona:
Bellezza d'Italia, Giornate mediche internazionali, Verona, 1950 [from Bd'I n°8, 1950]
Franco Grignani took care of the layout of the house organ from the very first issues, but from no. 3 of 1949 he began to make more elaborate covers, focusing on his ability to control graphic and photographic techniques. In no. 5, 1952, the abbreviation 'Bd'I' appeared for the first time on the cover. Grignani also gave life to a rich repertoire of graphic solutions in the creation of numerous advertising pages for Dompé products such as Artrosil, Cardioritmon, Guaiacalcium, Tribenzoica, and Vi–Lactis.
In the layout, everything was subordinated to the photographic images, with very different cuts, which Grignani was able to skillfully arrange on the surface of the double-page. To give greater prominence to photography and take full advantage of its potential, in 1955 an important novelty was introduced with the album format (24.2 x 32.3 cm, "the only magazine in the world with horizontal layout"), also to differentiate the house organ from increasing imitations:
Franco Grignani, Ad for Dompé pharmaceutics, 1955 [1]
For Bellezza d'Italia, Franco Grignani won, in 1954, the Award for the colour advertising page. This was his first time participating in the National Advertising Award ('Premio Nazionale della Pubblicità'), which was part of the fourth National Congress of Advertising in Venice [from 'Rassegna Grafica' issue n° 27, 1954, and 'Schweizer Graphische Mitteilungen' issue n ° 10, 1955]:
Premio Nazionale della Pubblicità to Franco Grignani, 1954 [a]
In 1958, in a sort of provisional balance, the management proudly stated that …
"in its eleven years of life, our magazine has been able to achieve such a high literary, photographic and technical level that it can be rightly considered among the first publications of international value."
Idea, a magazine focused on graphic design and typography, published quarterly in Tokyo from 1953 until now, dedicated a specific 8-page article in issue n° 14 in 1955 ("The Dompé and Franco Grignani"), and the German magazine Gebrauchsgraphik in issue n° 3 in 1956 (6-page article) stated that the advertising for Bellezza d'Italia "exemplifies a new graphical expression and a particular striving after form and movement".
"The Dompé and Franco Grignani" – Idea issue n° 14, 1955
As it happened with Alfieri & Lacroix since 1952, Dompé farmaceutici formed into a sort of illuminated client, open to experimentation with new inventive possibilities with a freedom that, for other ad campaigns, was much more limited. The relationship with the Dompé family was therefore characterized by such highest mutual esteem, that one Sunday morning Franco Dompé telephoned Franco Grignani to invite him to look out of the window and the Grignani family saw a brand-new Fiat 500 'Topolino' parked as a gift in the deserted street under their house. This was to be their first family car …
In his work for Dompé, Grignani applied his whole aesthetic and conceptual arsenal: movement, lateral vision, experimental photography, reiteration, and synthesis. Through the photographic experimentation of the ads, he began to build his own unique visual language, often using photomontage in the text-image relationship. The continuous reuse of photographs taken from his personal archive and the creation of multiple versions for the same advertising page also showed Grignani's typical theme of repetition, making the message effective by strengthening the overall image.
Franco Grignani, Ad for Dompé pharmaceutics, 1951 [15]
Franco Grignani, Ad for Dompé, 1954 [1]
Ads for Artrosil B1
"This series contains advertisements for "Artrosil B", an arthritis medication, but instead of highlighting the pain and suffering of this condition, Grignani put his experiments in motion and movement photography to work as a way to display what the reader's life could look like without arthritis. It's as if he's showing a reader their future."
[Sitka Mazzan, student from North Carolina State University, 2022]
Some of Dompé's advertisements were displayed in 2011 at the Herb Lubalin Study Center in New York for "Pharma", an exhibition focusing on the evolution of pharmaceutical design in the mid-20th century.
Most issues of Bellezza d'Italia (over 70 publications) can be now browsed from the website of the Dompé Foundation.
more ads for Dompé in the Gallery…
[special acknowledgement to Matt Lamont, UK designer and collector of print, and to Madoka Nishi, editor in chief of Tokyo's Idea, for helping me examine issue n° 14 of Idea, 1955]
[*] courtesy of Daniela Grignani
[a] from 'Rassegna Grafica' issue n° 27, 1954
[1] graphéine
[12] Typeroom, courtesy of Loukas Karnis
[14] Artribune & Galleria Gruppo Credito Valtellinese
[15] Graphiste-webdesigner, courtesy of Jean-Guy Cheminade
[some infos from Comunicare l'impresa by Carlo Vinti]


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