text:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
   Copyright [2011-2012] [Solr.pl, Marek Rogoziński, Rafał Kuć]

   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
   You may obtain a copy of the License at

       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
   limitations under the License.
-->
<response>

<lst name="responseHeader">
  <int name="status">0</int>
  <int name="QTime">6</int>
  <lst name="params">
    <str name="explainOther">id:3007WFP</str>
    <str name="debugQuery">true</str>
    <str name="indent">on</str>
    <str name="q">{!term f=popularity}6</str>
    <str name="rows">10</str>
  </lst>
</lst>
<result name="response" numFound="5" start="0">
  <doc>
    <arr name="cat"><str>electronics</str><str>hard drive</str></arr>
    <arr name="features"><str>7200RPM, 8MB cache, IDE Ultra ATA-133</str><str>NoiseGuard, SilentSeek technology, Fluid Dynamic Bearing (FDB) motor</str></arr>
    <str name="id">SP2514N</str>
    <bool name="inStock">true</bool>
    <str name="manu">Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.</str>
    <date name="manufacturedate_dt">2006-02-13T15:26:37Z</date>
    <str name="name">Samsung SpinPoint P120 SP2514N - hard drive - 250 GB - ATA-133</str>
    <int name="popularity">6</int>
    <float name="price">92.0</float>
    <str name="store">35.0752,-97.032</str>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <arr name="cat"><str>electronics</str><str>hard drive</str></arr>
    <arr name="features"><str>SATA 3.0Gb/s, NCQ</str><str>8.5ms seek</str><str>16MB cache</str></arr>
    <str name="id">6H500F0</str>
    <bool name="inStock">true</bool>
    <str name="manu">Maxtor Corp.</str>
    <date name="manufacturedate_dt">2006-02-13T15:26:37Z</date>
    <str name="name">Maxtor DiamondMax 11 - hard drive - 500 GB - SATA-300</str>
    <int name="popularity">6</int>
    <float name="price">350.0</float>
    <str name="store">45.17614,-93.87341</str>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <arr name="cat"><str>electronics</str><str>monitor</str></arr>
    <arr name="features"><str>19" TFT active matrix LCD, 8ms response time, 1280 x 1024 native resolution</str></arr>
    <str name="id">VA902B</str>
    <bool name="inStock">true</bool>
    <str name="manu">ViewSonic Corp.</str>
    <str name="name">ViewSonic VA902B - flat panel display - TFT - 19"</str>
    <int name="popularity">6</int>
    <float name="price">279.95</float>
    <str name="store">45.17614,-93.87341</str>
    <float name="weight">190.4</float>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <arr name="cat"><str>electronics</str><str>monitor</str></arr>
    <arr name="features"><str>30" TFT active matrix LCD, 2560 x 1600, .25mm dot pitch, 700:1 contrast</str></arr>
    <str name="id">3007WFP</str>
    <bool name="inStock">true</bool>
    <str name="includes">USB cable</str>
    <str name="manu">Dell, Inc.</str>
    <str name="name">Dell Widescreen UltraSharp 3007WFP</str>
    <int name="popularity">6</int>
    <float name="price">2199.0</float>
    <str name="store">43.17614,-90.57341</str>
    <float name="weight">401.6</float>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <arr name="cat"><str>electronics</str><str>multifunction printer</str><str>printer</str>
      <str>scanner</str><str>copier</str></arr>
    <arr name="features"><str>Multifunction ink-jet color photo printer</str><str>Flatbed scanner, optical scan resolution of 1,200 x 2,400 dpi</str><str>2.5" color LCD preview screen</str>
      <str>Duplex Copying</str><str>Printing speed up to 29ppm black, 19ppm color</str><str>Hi-Speed USB</str><str>memory card: CompactFlash, Micro Drive, SmartMedia, Memory Stick, Memory Stick Pro, SD Card, and MultiMediaCard</str></arr>
    <str name="id">0579B002</str>
    <bool name="inStock">true</bool>
    <str name="manu">Canon Inc.</str>
    <str name="name">Canon PIXMA MP500 All-In-One Photo Printer</str>
    <int name="popularity">6</int>
    <float name="price">179.99</float>
    <str name="store">45.17614,-93.87341</str>
    <float name="weight">352.0</float>
  </doc>
</result>
<lst name="debug">
  <str name="rawquerystring">{!term f=popularity}6</str>
  <str name="querystring">{!term f=popularity}6</str>
  <str name="parsedquery">popularity:6</str>
  <str name="parsedquery_toString">popularity:`#8;#0;#0;#0;#6;</str>
  <lst name="explain">
    <str name="SP2514N">
2.0414538 = (MATCH) fieldWeight(popularity:`#8;#0;#0;#0;#6; in 1), product of:
  1.0 = tf(termFreq(popularity:`#8;#0;#0;#0;#6;)=1)
  2.0414538 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=17)
  1.0 = fieldNorm(field=popularity, doc=1)
</str>
    <str name="6H500F0">
2.0414538 = (MATCH) fieldWeight(popularity:`#8;#0;#0;#0;#6; in 2), product of:
  1.0 = tf(termFreq(popularity:`#8;#0;#0;#0;#6;)=1)
  2.0414538 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=17)
  1.0 = fieldNorm(field=popularity, doc=2)
</str>
    <str name="VA902B">
2.0414538 = (MATCH) fieldWeight(popularity:`#8;#0;#0;#0;#6; in 9), product of:
  1.0 = tf(termFreq(popularity:`#8;#0;#0;#0;#6;)=1)
  2.0414538 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=17)
  1.0 = fieldNorm(field=popularity, doc=9)
</str>
    <str name="3007WFP">
2.0414538 = (MATCH) fieldWeight(popularity:`#8;#0;#0;#0;#6; in 10), product of:
  1.0 = tf(termFreq(popularity:`#8;#0;#0;#0;#6;)=1)
  2.0414538 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=17)
  1.0 = fieldNorm(field=popularity, doc=10)
</str>
    <str name="0579B002">
2.0414538 = (MATCH) fieldWeight(popularity:`#8;#0;#0;#0;#6; in 11), product of:
  1.0 = tf(termFreq(popularity:`#8;#0;#0;#0;#6;)=1)
  2.0414538 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=17)
  1.0 = fieldNorm(field=popularity, doc=11)
</str>
  </lst>
  <str name="otherQuery">id:3007WFP</str>
  <lst name="explainOther">
    <str name="3007WFP">
2.0414538 = (MATCH) fieldWeight(popularity:`#8;#0;#0;#0;#6; in 10), product of:
  1.0 = tf(termFreq(popularity:`#8;#0;#0;#0;#6;)=1)
  2.0414538 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=17)
  1.0 = fieldNorm(field=popularity, doc=10)
</str>
  </lst>
  <str name="QParser"/>
  <lst name="timing">
    <double name="time">6.0</double>
    <lst name="prepare">
      <double name="time">0.0</double>
      <lst name="org.apache.solr.handler.component.QueryComponent">
        <double name="time">0.0</double>
      </lst>
      <lst name="org.apache.solr.handler.component.FacetComponent">
        <double name="time">0.0</double>
      </lst>
      <lst name="org.apache.solr.handler.component.MoreLikeThisComponent">
        <double name="time">0.0</double>
      </lst>
      <lst name="org.apache.solr.handler.component.HighlightComponent">
        <double name="time">0.0</double>
      </lst>
      <lst name="org.apache.solr.handler.component.StatsComponent">
        <double name="time">0.0</double>
      </lst>
      <lst name="org.apache.solr.handler.component.DebugComponent">
        <double name="time">0.0</double>
      </lst>
    </lst>
    <lst name="process">
      <double name="time">6.0</double>
      <lst name="org.apache.solr.handler.component.QueryComponent">
        <double name="time">3.0</double>
      </lst>
      <lst name="org.apache.solr.handler.component.FacetComponent">
        <double name="time">0.0</double>
      </lst>
      <lst name="org.apache.solr.handler.component.MoreLikeThisComponent">
        <double name="time">0.0</double>
      </lst>
      <lst name="org.apache.solr.handler.component.HighlightComponent">
        <double name="time">0.0</double>
      </lst>
      <lst name="org.apache.solr.handler.component.StatsComponent">
        <double name="time">0.0</double>
      </lst>
      <lst name="org.apache.solr.handler.component.DebugComponent">
        <double name="time">3.0</double>
      </lst>
    </lst>
  </lst>
</lst>
</response>


Gather ideas, organize online documentation and provide support with UseResponse's customer feedback software & help desk ticketing system packed in one simple solution. It is designed for support agents to get best experience with customers on any device using ticketing system, ideas bank and organized online documentation.
With support center customers can share feedback and submit requests. For agents it's the tool for management.
Connect Facebook, Twitter accounts to your center and all requests from these accounts get into your community.
All emails came in mailboxes are converted into tickets according to custom rules.
Increase sales by providing instant support with Live Chat widget on any page.
Import content to your other systems and collect the data with provided webhooks.


text:
Report47
Your Top News Source
922841fb1c850c3ff762b22e7d46eb2c33ef3e28
50-year-old man jailed for life for raping a 19-month-old baby girl in South Africa
50-year-old man has been jailed for life for raping a 19-month-old baby girl who required corrective surgery for the injuries she sustained.
Mzingisi James Ntshontshi was jailed for life this week by Port Elizabeth high court judge Irma Schoeman for the rape on August 12, 2018.
The judge described his actions as "abhorrent, wicked and perverse" and said the ordeal had devastating consequences for the toddler.
According to testimony led during the trial, the child's mother, who worked at a bakery in St Francis Bay, had left her in the care of a woman who shared a house with in Ntshontshi. The female carer, in turn, left the child with the accused, when she went to buy alcohol at about 7am at a nearby shebeen.
Before she could return, the child was found half-clothed, bloody and bruised in the bushes about 100m away from the house by members of the community at about 4pm that day.
Humansdorp hospital's Dr. LM Mabaso, who examined the toddler, told the court that due to the severity of the injuries, she had immediately consulted with a specialist at Dora Nginza Hospital and the little girl had been rushed to Port Elizabeth for corrective surgery.
A medical report filed before sentencing described the enduring physical and psychological problems affecting the child. Her rapist was also ordered to pay for her corrective surgery from behind prison bars.
The worried mother of the child who sent her daughter away to live with family members after the incident told the court of her guilt.
"After it happened I saw her once because I separated myself from her … when I look at her or when (a relative) sends me a picture of her, then I have the image of when she was raped," the mother said.
TagsRape
Dr. Dre to be honoured by the Grammys for his production legacy
Nigerian 'Activist' wants people to reduce pressure on men to get married
Journalist shedding light on Ebola virus murdered in DR Congo
Lizzo gets praised as she displays extreme cellulite
Nigerians dig up old photos of BB Naija housemate, Tacha
Comedian Okey Bakassi celebrates 50th birthday with lovely new photos
Copyright © 2020 Report47 - WordPress Theme : By Offshore Themes

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The President and Supreme Commander of the Indian Armed Forces Shri Ram Nath Kovind conferred three Kirti Chakras and thirteen Shaurya Chakras to Armed Forces Personnel for displaying conspicuous gallantry, indomitable courage and extreme devotion to duty at a solemn ceremony at the Rashtrapati Bhavan. Two Kirti Chakras and two of the Shaurya Chakras were given posthumously.
The President also conferred thirteen Param Vishisht Seva Medals, two Uttam Yudh Seva Medals, two Bar to Ati Vishisht Seva Medals and twenty six Ati Vishisht Seva Medals to senior officers of the Armed Forces for distinguished service of an exceptional order.


text:
Arizona Business Express Interest In Opening Pot Shop On Pleasant Street
December 18, 2019 By Franklin B. Tucker Leave a Comment
Photo: An image of Mint's retail pot operation on Pleasant Street.
An Arizona-based firm described as "an industry leader in the blossoming cannabis industry" has sent a notice of intent to Belmont town officials to open a "world class adult-use" retail marijuana dispensary on Pleasant Street where a service station is currently located.
Mint Retail Facilities LLC which runs a pair of retail shops in the Phoenix suburbs of Guadalupe and Mesa hopes to open its first Massachusetts operation at 768 Pleasant St. "no later than Dec. 31, 2020" if all goes to plan.
The one-story building will be constructed where Lenny's Service Center is currently operating, adjacent to My Other Kitchen and Auto Engineering Body Work and Cityside Subaru.
Shops near Tempe.
The firm, owned by Eiavan Sahara, is concurrently seeking state cultivation and manufacturing licenses in Palmer and Beverly.
Mint joins Winchester couple Kelly and Stephen Tomasello who have expressed interest in turning a commercial storage site at 1010 Pleasant St. into Cal Verde Naturals, 3,600 square foot single story "retail wellness shop."
While both ventures will need to commit to discussions on host community agreements, no time line has been established with either group, said Patrice Garvin, Belmont's town administrator, to the Select Board on Monday, Dec. 16.
The town is currently drafting guidelines with the help of Town Counsel George Hall for applicants to follow during the licensing process.
Once the business receives a provisional license from the state's Cannabis Control Commission – following the signing of a host community agreement with the town and the issuance of a special permit from the Planning Board – it will begin construction and open its operation within 180 days.
According to a business plan sent to town officials, the firm will seek to operate seven days a week from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. The building will have limited access areas for security and operational reasons with "buzz-in" electronic/mechanical entry systems. The firm's letter to the town details other areas of the operation including odor controls, waste disposal, storage, inventory and transportation of weed.
The store will sell flowers, concentrates and extracts, infused edibles, accessories and branded merchandise with produces coming from its own manufacturing plants as well as other suppliers including providing "priority consideration to product cultivated in Belmont by independent cultivators."
One area Mint hopes to cultivate is a delivery service which would go counter to one of the two town restrictions placed in the marijuana bylaw; the other being a 25 year old age restriction on the purchase of pot.
In a profile by the Spanish-language press association EFE News, its Arizona operations – located near the Arizona State University – are "visited daily by some 1,000 customers" selling everything imaginable related to the weed "from infusions to cannabis-themed T-shirts and souvenirs." Mint's website promotes store proportionals like a "Toasted Tuesday Sale" when customers can purchase "one gram of flower wrapped in Shatter, then submerged in Kief" for "ONLY $25."
Mint's most innovative offering is a first-of-its-kind medical marijuana kitchen serving up "blueberry muffins, salad, pizza, and macaroni and cheese with a dash of cannabis."
Crunching the numbers, the firm expects to spend $1.5 million in capital costs and working capital to open the Belmont store. By its second year, the firm predicts the store will gross $9.5 million with net income of $700,000.
In addition, Mint forecasts Belmont receiving $276,000 in combined local marijuana and community impact taxes in the first year increasing to $660,000 by the fourth year. The firm said it will create 20 new jobs and pay half a million dollars in salaries and benefits.
Mint, which is also seeking to enter the Michigan market in 2020, is seeking to ride the rapidly growing cannabis retail market with forecasts of the total economic output of legal retail pot will skyrocket 150 percent from $16 billion in 2017 to $40 billion by 2021, according to BDS Analytics.
A Detroit native, Sahara started his first business at 19 with a low price auto glass repair operation before heading to Phoenix to start up a number of discount businesses. Sahara is owner of a glass repair operation for the past 11 years achieving $1 million in profits in 2018.
Filed Under: Belmont, Business, Featured, Government Tagged With: Belmont, Cannabis, Marijuana, Mint Retail Facilities, retail marijuana, South Pleasant Street
Belmont Votes Today, Tuesday, Sept. 25: Pot Bylaw
September 25, 2018 By Franklin B. Tucker Leave a Comment
Photo: Belmont voters head for the polls today.
Belmont votes today, Sept. 25, in a Special Town Election to determine the direction of a marijuana bylaw approved by Town Meeting in the spring.
What does your vote on the ballot question mean?
A Yes vote allows retail marijuana establishments to be licensed in Belmont and limits the number to 20 percent of the number of "package store" licenses we have issued; currently that calculation would result in up to two licenses. This vote would also prohibit businesses that cultivate, manufacture or test marijuana from being licensed to open in Belmont.
A No vote allows retail marijuana establishments to be licensed in Belmont but there would be no limit on the number of licenses that could be issued. In addition, businesses that cultivate, manufacture or test marijuana could be licensed; likewise, there would be no limit on the number of these licenses that could be issued.
Both Yes and No votes allow the Town of Belmont to create time, place and manner Zoning Bylaws regulating where and how marijuana businesses may operate in Town, but only a Yes vote would let the Zoning Bylaw limit, directly or indirectly, the total number of retail stores allowed in Belmont. The proposed Zoning Bylaw regulating marijuana businesses is expected to be voted at the Special Town Meeting scheduled November 13th.
The Belmont Board of Health has already adopted recreational-use marijuana regulations. Marijuana licenses are issued by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts; they not issued locally.
Polling places will be open 7 a.m. to 8 p.m.
Precinct 1 – Library, Assembly Room
Precinct 2 – Town Hall, Selectmen's room
Precinct 3 – Beech Street Center, Multipurpose room
Precinct 4 – Butler School, Gymnasium
Precinct 6 – Fire Headquarters, 299 Trapelo Road
Precinct 7 – Burbank School, Gymnasium
Precinct 8 – Winn Brook School, Gymnasium (enter on Cross Street)
To find out whether you are registered to vote and where you vote, visit the web page: www.sec.state.ma.us/wheredoivotema/
Filed Under: Events, Government Tagged With: Belmont, bylaw, Marijuana, retail marijuana, Special Town Election
Letter To The Editor: Belmont Should Not Place Fear-Based Regs On Burgeoning Industry
September 21, 2018 By Franklin B. Tucker 2 Comments
Photo: Sample jars at an existing retail operation.
The debate surrounding retail marijuana arises fears of the "undesirable people" that would be brought into town, fear of kids having access to marijuana, and scares about kids seeing marijuana in the window of a store (despite the fact that retailers are not allowed to display any product in the window, or have any signage that indicates that marijuana is sold there). Parents understandably do not want their kids to smoke pot. Thankfully, marijuana will not be any more present in your life, or any kids' life if you vote 'no' to the Special Election Question on Tuesday, Sept. 25.
Marijuana already exists in Belmont. The contents of the marijuana that kids currently have access to are not regulated whatsoever. Furthermore, the existence of retail marijuana has the chance to dry up the black market for a substance that is generally easier for American children to get than alcohol, which is regularly exposed to children in restaurants, stores, and advertising.
Much of the conversation regarding this bylaw focuses on the number of retail establishments that would be allowed. I definitely don't think that there is a market for more than two retail stores in Belmont at the moment. There should be as many establishments as the market demands, and therefore no premature limitation on what is allowed. If a no vote passes, it is highly unlikely that there will be more than two establishments in the foreseeable future.
My primary concern is that there is no logical reason to block cultivators, product manufacturers, or testing facilities. These facilities create jobs, many of which require advanced education and training and pay well. We should allow a burgeoning industry that will create quality employment opportunities in town.
Good policymaking is evidence based. We should reject regulation that stifles economic development and doesn't have any foreseeable social or environmental externalities. I would challenge that there is no benefit to voting for these regulations other than to appease personal biases, unfounded fears, and blatant misunderstandings of the implications of this policy. Voting no will allow for increased tax revenue in town, more quality employment opportunities for residents, potentially reduce the market for marijuana on the street, and allow adults to consume marijuana in the safest possible way if they choose to do so.
Jeremy Romanul
Filed Under: Letter To The Editor, News Tagged With: Belmont, Letter to the editor, Marijuana, retail marijuana


This is so BADASS that I am simply and totally THUNDERSTRUCK!!!
This one ain't too bad either!
This song works perfectly for them! BTW, in another video they do an awesome job on Purple Haze!
mrgreen: Great posts. I enjoyed all three of those videos! The one for Thunderstruck was the best and they put a lot of effort into the costumes for that one. Recreating a classical setting like that added to the humor and so I really appreciate that extra effort!
This would have been a huge amount of work, taking all those different versions of the song and picking out parts to put together into this remix version of the song. Also almost equally amazing are all the different interpretations of the original song. Seeing fans so actively involved with the work of an artist shows that there are lots of people in the world who actually live the music and don't just play it as background distraction.
ELECTROSWING a genre of weirdness of scaler proportion.


2015 guangzhou cone crusher low price2015 guangzhou cone crusher low price price price rock stone ore crushing machine high efficiency mine cone crusher. ... cs series high efficiency spring cone crusher huayang s series spring cone crusher in the crushing low cost and good price high efficieny cone crusher.
Guangzhou cone crusher . Guangzhou Hua Yang pasir membuat mesin mobile crushing plant, compound crusher, gyratory crusher, cone Guangzhou Yonran Machinery Co Inertia cone crusher . Read More. cone crusher with hydraulic - quarry crusher, stone crusher .
huayang typical cone crusher machine . huayang typical cone crusher machine malfunction. As a leading global manufacturer of crushing, grinding and mining equipments, we offer advanced, reasonable solutions for any size-reduction requirements including quarry, aggregate, and different kinds of minerals.
zeniths|Hydraulic Cone Crusher Manufacturer-China Huayang. Shenyang Huayang Machinery Co. Ltd was founded by Chen Wanming, who is the only state department expert enjoying life long benefits in cone crusher design area in China.
is a professional manufacturer of drying machines, plastic crusher, feeding machine, mold temperature machin, machine edge grinder, spices, magnetic rack, chiller, and other products manufacturing company, headquartered in Ningbo jiangbei Industry area.
Utilizado Guangzhou Huayang Chancadora De Cono - YouTube 4 May 2014, utilizado guangzhou huayang trituradora de conoutilizado guangzhou, de helados; maquina chancadora blake; utilizado guangzhou huayang, en guangzhou, de planta trituradora de piedra utilizado para. .
cone crusher guangzhou Ltd. is a leading Exporter & Manufacturer of Jaw crusher, impact crusher, cone crusher from Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. CHAT; Guangzhou Yonran Machinery Co.,Ltd. stone crusing and . ... Hua Yang Cone Crusher Part svmschool.co.
hua yang machinery cone crusher - rgcp. crusher unit > install jaw crusher huayang typical cone crusher machine malfunction. shanghai nmn guangzhou hua yang cone crusher. Machinery Co. Ltd-cone crusher .
Shenyang Huayang, Sy trituradora de cono hidraulica ha sido ... Lee mas >> Maquinaria cono Shenyang Huayang… Huayangpulgadas trituradora de cono.


I am wondering if with rich snippets you can pull in your reviews from google or other directories to show on your searc results if you dont have people leaving reviews on your actual site?
Also, for local business rich snippets, should the address be placed on every page? if so how?
The answer to your first question is no. Google considers it "rich snippet spam" to use markup to display content that is from another site.
As for the second, you could place your address with Schema.org markup in your site footer. That's usually a good tactic.


← Why Does the Government Harp on About Wearing Your Seat Belt?
Whilst driving is the number one way paying attention reduces distracted driving injuries. Not having a mobile device while driving may make all of the difference. Applying such a device can have fatal consequences.
It has never appeared to make a great deal of difference despite the fact that texting while driving is against the law in several countries and localities.
If you've allowed your teen to drive, it may be helpful to also track their cellphones, just in case you need to locate them when they're not responding. Tracking a mobile in 3 easy steps can be found online. Or you may also want to consult a specialist, to make sure you're not infringing on any laws in your area.
According to the National Safety Council, in 2013 there were 1.1 million diverted driving injuries nationally. The United States Department of Transportation cited above over 400,000 accidents due to some kind of driving and 3,000 deaths.
Driving involves various actions. By using a mobile phone to texting to while these things all can be considered to cause a diversion. Just talking while into coping with children in the backseat supporting the wheel will take your attention. Even though the perception is that it's a alternative employing a hands free device doesn't provide a great deal of gap.
You will find studies which reveal you look, but don't really see if your focus is elsewhere. In a study. Voice controlled systems require your attention. By hearing the telling of an incoming text or email, attention can be diverted.
Is Driving Mode that the Answer?
Driving mode disables the capability of the telephone to get texts, calls and other purposes such as gambling and Facebook, but keeping the capability to utilize crisis communications and a navigation system.
Most phones don't offer you a Driving Mode. It's merely a characteristic which reads a text or email, although some telephones do have a manner. This may be a distraction.
If the insurers would provide a discount. A fiscal incentive can help approval and this solution gain recognition. Anything to suppress the incidences of driving injuries. It might save a life yours.
This entry was posted in Cars and tagged driving, safety. Bookmark the permalink.


Definition: a frequently visited place.
Synonyms: rendezvous, resort, stamping ground, clubhouse, custom, den, dive, frequent, frighten, ghost, habitat, hang around, hang out, infest, lair, manifest, nest, obsess, pervade, pester, resort, skill, spirit, spook, terrify, trouble, visit, worry, wraith.
Lucy Harrison's practice explores how people experience and describe places. Her work is geographically rooted and often looks at sites which are in the midst of large-scale change. These projects generate a large amount of research material and rely on interaction with found matter. Historical material is often used in comparison with accounts of current visits as a way of questioning how we view and record places. Through a dialogue with these historical or current dominant narratives, Lucy Harrison builds on the urban palimpsest by finding new routes and forgotten or previously undocumented histories.
For Haunts Lucy Harrison has brought together diverse material spanning different locations and several years. This material has been re-categorised, not according to location but by cross-reference, visual equivalence and recurring similarities within images originating from several decades and across geographical boundaries. This may bring new understanding of particular locations and show broader themes of how we live and work in spaces.
Through several visits to Norwich Lucy Harrison has also developed a new project related to the recent demolition of Jarrold's print works, local ghost stories and walks around the outskirts of the city. This work enables the artist to retrace the ghostly steps of other wanderers whilst recounting mythical and historical narratives.
Lucy Harrison is currently working on a project for Art on the Underground at Stratford station in east London, for which she is publishing 3 editions of a newspaper called The Stratford Grapevine. Other recent projects include a residency at Lokaal 01 in Antwerp (2008), where she collaborated with a neighbour of the gallery to plant flowers in the street, and Library Bingo (2007), part of Beacon 07, where she replaced bingo calls in a Skegness social club with library book titles.
Lucy Harrison graduated from the Royal College of Art in 1999, where she utilised the Printmaking department to produce books and multiples. Lucy Harrison is a Senior Lecturer in Fine Art (Print & Digital Media) at University College for the Creative Arts at Canterbury.


text:
Frank Rich On Manufactured Outrage
Published on 11/28/2004 by GC
So what got people more bent out of shape, the actual broadcast of T.O. & Nicolette Sheridan in (and out) of a towel, or the constant reminders that said footage was supposedly offensive? The New York Times' Frank Rich thinks it over.
Though seen nationwide, and as early as 6 p.m. on the West Coast, the spot initially caused so little stir that the next morning only two newspapers in the country, both in Philadelphia, reported on it. ABC's switchboards were not swamped by shocked viewers on Monday night. A spokesman for ABC Sports told The Philadelphia Inquirer that he hadn't received a single phone call or e-mail in the immediate aftermath of the broadcast.
Even the stunned Rush Limbaugh, curiously enough, didn't get around to mounting his own diatribe until Wednesday. Mr. Owens's agent, David Joseph, says that the flood of complaints at his office and Mr. Owens's Web site also didn't start until more than 24 hours after the incident – late Tuesday and early Wednesday. Were any of these complainants actual victims (or even viewers) of "Monday Night Football" or were they just a mob assembled after the fact by "family" groups, emboldened by their triumph in smiting "Saving Private Ryan" from 66 ABC stations the week before? Though the F.C.C. said on Wednesday that it had received 50,000 complaints about the N.F.L. affair, it couldn't determine how many of them were duplicates – the kind generated by e-mail campaigns run by political organizations posting form letters ready to be clicked into cyberspace ad infinitum by anyone who has an index finger and two seconds of idle time.
Like the Janet Jackson video before it, the new N.F.L. sex tape was now being rebroadcast around the clock so we could revel incessantly in the shock of it all. "People were so outraged they had to see it 10 times," joked Aaron Brown of CNN, which was no slacker in filling that need in the marketplace. And yet when I spoke to an F.C.C. enforcement spokesman after more than two days of such replays, the agency had not yet received a single complaint about the spot's constant recycling on other TV shows, among them the highly rated talk show "The View," where Ms. Sheridan's bare back had been merrily paraded at the child-friendly hour of 11 a.m.
The hypocrisy embedded in this tale is becoming a national running gag. As in the Super Bowl brouhaha, in which the N.F.L. maintained it had no idea that MTV might produce a racy halftime show, the league has denied any prior inkling of the salaciousness on tap this time – even though the spot featured the actress playing the sluttiest character in prime time's most libidinous series and was shot with the full permission of one of the league's teams in its own locker room. Again as in the Jackson case, we are also asked to believe that pro football is what Pat Buchanan calls "the family entertainment, the family sports show" rather than what it actually is: a Boschian jamboree of bumping-and-grinding cheerleaders, erectile-dysfunction pageantry and, as Don Imus puts it, "wife-beating drug addicts slamming the hell out of each other" on the field.
"Desperate Housewives" is hardly a blue-state phenomenon. A hit everywhere, it is even a bigger hit in Oklahoma City than it is in Los Angeles, bigger in Kansas City than it is in New York. All those public moralists who wail about all the kids watching Ms. Sheridan on "Monday Night Football" would probably have apoplexy if they actually watched what Ms. Sheridan was up to in her own series – and then looked closely at its Nielsen numbers. Though children ages 2 to 11 make up a small percentage of the audience of either show, there are actually more in that age group tuning into Mr. Cherry's marital brawls (870,000) than into the N.F.L.'s fisticuffs (540,000). "Desperate Housewives" also ranks No. 5 among all prime-time shows for ages 12-17. ("Monday Night Football" is No. 18.) This may explain in part why its current advertisers include products like Fisher-Price toys, the DVD of "Elf" and the forthcoming Tim Allen holiday vehicle, "Christmas With the Kranks."
Fitzy's Cruel & Unusual Treatment Of Native Americans
Bidding War Alert, Pt. XXV
Embarrassing Moments In YouTube History, Starring The Diesel
Previous Previous post: O's Ponder Free Agent Options
Next Next post: Muddy Pats Prevail
1 thought on "Frank Rich On Manufactured Outrage"
Ronald Thomas Clontle says:


Do you know who the photographer is please and where the photo was originally taken?
I am such a big fan. I teach sewing here in LA and went looking for a shirt to wear to our rally this sat. I found this image. Love love love. Thank you!!!


text:
[![Build/Test](https://github.com/libjxl/libjxl/actions/workflows/build_test.yml/badge.svg)](
https://github.com/libjxl/libjxl/actions/workflows/build_test.yml)
[![Build/Test Cross](https://github.com/libjxl/libjxl/actions/workflows/build_test_cross.yml/badge.svg)](
https://github.com/libjxl/libjxl/actions/workflows/build_test_cross.yml)
[![Conformance](https://github.com/libjxl/libjxl/actions/workflows/conformance.yml/badge.svg)](
https://github.com/libjxl/libjxl/actions/workflows/conformance.yml)
[![CIFuzz](https://github.com/libjxl/libjxl/actions/workflows/fuzz.yml/badge.svg)](
https://github.com/libjxl/libjxl/actions/workflows/fuzz.yml)
[![Releases](https://github.com/libjxl/libjxl/actions/workflows/release.yaml/badge.svg)](
https://github.com/libjxl/libjxl/actions/workflows/release.yaml)
[![Doc](https://readthedocs.org/projects/libjxl/badge/?version=latest)](
https://libjxl.readthedocs.io/en/latest/?badge=latest)
[![codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/libjxl/libjxl/branch/main/graph/badge.svg)](
https://codecov.io/gh/libjxl/libjxl)

This repository contains a reference implementation of JPEG XL (encoder and
decoder), called `libjxl`. This software library is
[used by many applications that support JPEG XL](doc/software_support.md).

JPEG XL is in the final stages of standardization and its codestream and file format
are frozen.

The library API, command line options, and tools in this repository are subject
to change, however files encoded with `cjxl` conform to the JPEG XL format
specification and can be decoded with current and future `djxl` decoders or
`libjxl` decoding library.

## Quick start guide

For more details and other workflows see the "Advanced guide" below.

### Checking out the code

```bash
git clone https://github.com/libjxl/libjxl.git --recursive --shallow-submodules
```

This repository uses git submodules to handle some third party dependencies
under `third_party`, that's why is important to pass `--recursive`. If you
didn't check out with `--recursive`, or any submodule has changed, run:

```bash
git submodule update --init --recursive --depth 1 --recommend-shallow
```

The `--shallow-submodules` and `--depth 1 --recommend-shallow` options create
shallow clones which only downloads the commits requested, and is all that is
needed to build `libjxl`. Should full clones be necessary, you could always run:

```bash
git submodule foreach git fetch --unshallow
git submodule update --init --recursive
```

which pulls the rest of the commits in the submodules.

Important: If you downloaded a zip file or tarball from the web interface you
won't get the needed submodules and the code will not compile. You can download
these external dependencies from source running `./deps.sh`. The git workflow
described above is recommended instead.

### Installing dependencies

Required dependencies for compiling the code, in a Debian/Ubuntu based
distribution run:

```bash
sudo apt install cmake pkg-config libbrotli-dev
```

Optional dependencies for supporting other formats in the `cjxl`/`djxl` tools,
in a Debian/Ubuntu based distribution run:

```bash
sudo apt install libgif-dev libjpeg-dev libopenexr-dev libpng-dev libwebp-dev
```

We recommend using a recent Clang compiler (version 7 or newer), for that
install clang and set `CC` and `CXX` variables.

```bash
sudo apt install clang
export CC=clang CXX=clang++
```

### Building

```bash
cd libjxl
mkdir build
cd build
cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DBUILD_TESTING=OFF ..
cmake --build . -- -j$(nproc)
```

The encoder/decoder tools will be available in the `build/tools` directory.

###  Installing

```bash
sudo cmake --install .
```

### Basic encoder/decoder

To encode a source image to JPEG XL with default settings:

```bash
build/tools/cjxl input.png output.jxl
```

For more settings run `build/tools/cjxl --help` or for a full list of options
run `build/tools/cjxl -v -v --help`.

To decode a JPEG XL file run:

```bash
build/tools/djxl input.jxl output.png
```

When possible `cjxl`/`djxl` are able to read/write the following
image formats: .exr, .gif, .jpeg/.jpg, .pfm, .pgm/.ppm, .pgx, .png.

### Benchmarking

For speed benchmarks on single images in single or multi-threaded decoding
`djxl` can print decoding speed information. See `djxl --help` for details
on the decoding options and note that the output image is optional for
benchmarking purposes.

For more comprehensive benchmarking options, see the
[benchmarking guide](doc/benchmarking.md).

## Advanced guide

### Building with Docker

We build a common environment based on Debian/Ubuntu using Docker. Other
systems may have different combinations of versions and dependencies that
have not been tested and may not work. For those cases we recommend using the
Docker container as explained in the
[step by step guide](doc/developing_in_docker.md).

### Building JPEG XL for developers

For experienced developers, we provide build instructions for several other environments:

*   [Building on Debian](doc/developing_in_debian.md)
*   Building on Windows with [vcpkg](doc/developing_in_windows_vcpkg.md) (Visual Studio 2019)
*   Building on Windows with [MSYS2](doc/developing_in_windows_msys.md)
*   [Cross Compiling for Windows with Crossroad](doc/developing_with_crossroad.md)

If you encounter any difficulties, please use Docker instead.

## License

This software is available under a 3-clause BSD license which can be found in
the [LICENSE](LICENSE) file, with an "Additional IP Rights Grant" as outlined in
the [PATENTS](PATENTS) file.

Please note that the PATENTS file only mentions Google since Google is the legal
entity receiving the Contributor License Agreements (CLA) from all contributors
to the JPEG XL Project, including the initial main contributors to the JPEG XL
format: Cloudinary and Google.

## Additional documentation

### Codec description

*   [JPEG XL Format Overview](doc/format_overview.md)
*   [Introductory paper](https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/proceedings/Download?fullDOI=10.1117%2F12.2529237) (open-access)
*   [XL Overview](doc/xl_overview.md) - a brief introduction to the source code modules
*   [JPEG XL white paper](https://ds.jpeg.org/whitepapers/jpeg-xl-whitepaper.pdf)
*   [JPEG XL official website](https://jpeg.org/jpegxl)
*   [JPEG XL community website](https://jpegxl.info)

### Development process

*   [More information on testing/build options](doc/building_and_testing.md)
*   [Git guide for JPEG XL](doc/developing_in_github.md) - for developers
*   [Fuzzing](doc/fuzzing.md) - for developers
*   [Building Web Assembly artifacts](doc/building_wasm.md)
*   [Test coverage on Codecov.io](https://app.codecov.io/gh/libjxl/libjxl) - for
    developers
*   [libjxl documentation on readthedocs.io](https://libjxl.readthedocs.io/)

### Contact

If you encounter a bug or other issue with the software, please open an Issue here.

There is a [subreddit about JPEG XL](https://www.reddit.com/r/jpegxl/), and
informal chatting with developers and early adopters of `libjxl` can be done on the
[JPEG XL Discord server](https://discord.gg/DqkQgDRTFu).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Солтерос има више значења:

 Солтерос (Акатено), насеље у савезној држави Пуебла у Мексику
 Солтерос (Сан Рафаел), насеље у савезној држави Веракруз у Мексику

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Constant Collectible
EJ Awesome
Goody's Guide
Johnson Family VLOG
Novel Notations
Twitch Live Stream From Our PS4
Who Is Constant Collectible
Welcome to Constant Collectible. Where we provide YOUR with all the news and reviews from a world of GEEK culture. Hope you have a nice stay!
Constant Collectible Get All Your News And Reviews From A World Of GEEK Culture
Feb 23 @boomstudios Gives Us Our First Look At BAGS (OR A STORY THEREOF)
First Look, Comics, Comicbooks, Comic-Books, Comic News, Comic Book Industry, IDW Solicitations, IDW Publishing, IDW
BOOM! Studios gives us our first look at BAGS (OR A STORY THEREOF), a new original graphic novel by Patrick McHale, creator of the Emmy Award-winning Cartoon Network series Over The Garden Wall, artist Gavin Fullerton (Disney's Space Chickens in Space), and colorist Whitney Cogar (Steven Universe), available in stores July 2019.
BAGS (OR A STORY THEREOF) is the tale of a man and his dog. John Motts lives his life in his home with his dog, Beth, until one day, she goes missing. John begins a frantic search that leads him to the policeman's home, the advice-giving walrus down the street, and eventually into the dark woods beyond the edge of town where he runs into several mysterious figures in this haunting tale of loss and the unknown.
BAGS (OR A STORY THEREOF), featuring a cover by Fullerton, is the latest release from BOOM! Studios' award-winning KaBOOM! imprint, home to comics for middle grade and younger readers including licensed series such as Adventure Time™, Steven Universe™, Rugrats, and Over The Garden Wall™, along with original series like Pandora's Legacy by Kara Leopard, Kelly & Nichole Matthews,Bodie Troll by Jay Fosgitt, Ruinworld by Derek Laufman, and Just Beyond by R.L. Stine, Kelly & Nichole Matthews.
""Patrick's original short story comes to life with Gavin's stunning art and Whitney's classic colors as we follow a man who is shaken from his normal routine by a surprising and unexpected loss." said Shannon Watters, Editor, BOOM! Studios. "In the wake of the disappearance of his dog, John follows an increasingly erratic train of thought which leads down an unusual and dangerous path until it may be too late to find his way back." "
BAGS (OR A STORY THEREOF) will be ON THE SHELF July 17, 2019.
Are you a fan of Original Graphic Novels? Let us know in the comment section below. Also, Don't forget to like, share and subscribe to all things Constant Collectible to keep up to date with all the news and reviews from a world of GEEK CULTURE.
First Look, Boom Studios, Solicitations
Get all the news and reviews delivered to you.
@Fantoons To Debut Partnership With Ninja Sex Party At #SDCC19
The Los Angeles Publisher and Animation Studio To Both Exhibit and Host Panel At SDCC!
@C_Collectible
Feb 23 @boomstudios Gives Us Our Look at MIGHTY MORPHIN POWER RANGERS #36
Feb 4 COSMIC LOVE, a new comic collection inspired by the music of Florence + the Machine, on @kickstarter now.
Get updates on all the news and reviews from a world of GEEK Culture.


Of all my previous travels to NYC, I admit that I've never really set foot at The Met before. Not because I don't like museums, it's just that for some reason I've never really had enough days to visit NYC. Most of my NYC trips are in segments that span months to years of completion, LOL! Anyway, I finally decided to visit The Met and I've read a lot of good reviews about it and my curiosity was bothering me.
The Met is located right outside Central Park, at the very famous Fifth Avenue, which is adjacent to Madison Avenue. If your hotel is nearby Central Park, then you're good to go. The Lucerne Hotel is a good place to stay so you'll be close to these places that I just mentioned. A review for The Lucerne can be found HERE.
I went on a Friday late morning, but the museum is already jam-packed with people. Full of tourists selfie-ing each other on the long steps. The museum's building is reminiscent of any grand European architecture, it's really beautiful. A known acquaintance (New Yorker) advised that the best time to visit The Met is on a Friday evening since there won't be a lot of people. But hey, I was already there in broad daylight with my camera. So off I went.
Even though the museum looks quite full, it could still accommodate a lot of people. Upon entering, you're gonna need to show your ticket. Prices of tickets are entirely up to you. Though they listed $25 for 1 Adult, in the end, it's entirely up to you as to how much you're willing to pay. It's like a donation. Once you got your ticket, then it's valid for the entire Met-related museums and the entire exhibits inside The Met itself.
The Met is HUGE! there's a couple of cafes but I didn't see a lot of restrooms. The docents are kind and helpful, the collections and exhibits here are massive. There's definitely a lot of things here to learn, and that you cannot learn them all in one single visit. In fact, it's hard to see everything from this place in just one day. Be prepared to walk A LOT. Cameras are allowed here, but no flash. Speaking of cameras, this place is kinda hard to photograph, as a lot of exhibits and rooms are in such dim lighting. Be prepared to crank up your ISO, LOL.
So many arts, exhibits, sculptures, more arts, more writings, wide rooms, paintings, etc… I haven't visited everything that this place has to offer. I mostly spent a lot of time on the first floor and a bit of the second floor. I believe this museum has 3 floors with a ground floor. There's a lot of arts that I like, namely; The Egyptian Art, The Medieval Art, American Art, Islamic Art, Greek/Roman Art and the European Paintings up on the second floor. I didn't see the Asian Art and Costume Institute though because I ran out of time. I guess that'd be for my next visit.
I took a lot of pictures with my camera, and here's some of it.
ISLAMIC ART. ART OF THE ARAB LANDS, TURKEY, IRAN, CENTRAL ASIA, & LATER SOUTH ASIA.
Which exhibit/art captured your attention?
As I've said, be prepared to walk a lot. but it's a walk to remember, ha! This museum is stunning and I definitely would like to visit The Met again and again.


Tonight I first thought the prompt was kitten, so I drew one, and then realized that's not until tomorrow. I've totally lost track of what day it is this week it would seem. I then quickly made this little dessert as my offering for the evening. It appears to be an extremely limey key lime pie. I had to use a reference photo because since the holidays have passed, desserts are now less frequent. This is the time we dial it all back a bit in hopes our spring clothes will still fit properly. Today, was oddly warmer and I could have probably just worn a t-shirt, but my body wasn't ready for that yet, so I donned a light sweater. Sweaters are truly amazing friends, hiding even the slightest indiscretion beneath folds for which you can't possibly be blamed. That's just how they're made. I adore them and when the winter cold comes our whole tiny family is wearing them nearly each day, even our dog, Phineas. But as spring days may come and go at any minute in our weird climate, it's now time to move into salad mode. And, simply envy those lucky enough to actually get dessert.
Although I don't think I have what one would consider a true sweet tooth, I do adore desserts. It seems they come in an endless array of various decadences and each one is delicious. We go to lunch on the Saturdays, alternating between two lovely local restaurants that serve amazing meals, and yes, clever and wonderful desserts. Sometimes, we'll find a dessert that was just so good we're excited to have it again a couple weeks later. If we find that it's been replaced, which happens quite often, we go through a bit of mourning, but are equally excited by the substitute. Like the soup of the day, desserts change often which makes them a very exciting thing indeed. There was once a lightly sweet and almost savory dessert made with goat cheese and pine nuts that was our absolute favorite. The regular chef had invented it rather than the pastry chef and it was amazing. Soon it sadly left the menu, no doubt from complaints it wasn't sweet enough, and we're still morning that one to this day.
I often tease Philippe when we're shopping for groceries by saying things like, "Don't we need cream for the dessert you're planning to make?" This is met with the usual eye roll and no response at all. So much for the power of suggestion. It's true that the things we can't have all the time, can often become the things that we hold most dear. We don't see our families very much, since we live in different states and even continents, so each time we do it's an incredibly special and memorable occasion. And while sweet, also a bit bittersweet when it's time to bid farewell. Time is such a funny thing. While I can forget even which day this is, the days just keep throttling forward. Sometimes, I have to stop a moment and take it all in. To think about the things I can't have that I hold dear. Time spent with those you love. That, in the end, is probably the best treat of all. For those of you with a family close by, give them each a hug from me. It's a beautiful thing indeed. I long for those sweet moments, even though they don't come for us as often as they should. I guess, in way, it's a bit like dessert envy.
Da Vinci Paint Co.: Da Vinci Yellow, Leaf Green, Terra Cotta, and Cobalt Blue. Lamy Al-Star Safari Fountain Pen with sepia ink in an A5 Hahnemühle Watercolour Book.
I do love key lime pie, and yours is a stunner! I've always lived close to my mother, but have gone years without being able to see my brother because he traveled so much and so far. Mom's 94 and though she's in good health, I know she'll be gone soon, so I do my best to make every moment count.
Ohhhh… sending a hug to your mom!! 😃💕 That's so wonderful that she's in good health! My grandmother was just shy of 100… and feisty and amazing all the way!
That pie looks yummy! Mmmmmmm… I so enjoy what you write. Very fun site!
Aww thanks so much, Karen! 😃💕 So thrilled you enjoy these posts!
A lovely key lime pie.
Awesome! And I like what you did there 😉 any sweet that flavour (and colour) gets my vote, obviously!
Liked the story very imotional.
Thanks so much, Snehlata! 😃💕 Glad you liked the story as well!
Wearing your heart on your sleeve, Charlie! Thank you for another lovely post and great doodlewash!
To be fair, the pie is green, most salads are green, therefore, key lime pie should count as salad. Am I wrong here?
Excellent point, Lisa! I shall hence forth believe that to be the case! LOL 😃💕 Love it!
Oh Jeez, you started me out drooling with hunger, then got me laughing at your shopping antics, and left me weepy with wistfulness.
hehe… yay! Perfect Doodlewash post then! 😃💕 Thanks, Shari!!
Beautiful shades of green ..Loved your post as well. Your post really touches a chord ..
My DH loves key lime pie. Your post spoke to me as well because our children and grandchildren live so far away, so visits are always too short and too long in between. Sort of like desserts…….seldom and only at special times…..
Best dessert ever in the end! 😃💕 And yay to another key lime pie lover… they're so good!


text:
Q: Eclipse CDT conditional compilation? I have a line of code that Eclipse CDT (Oxygen) code fails to recognise. I'm pretty sure the code is perfectly fine. It compiles OK but I still like project without red squiggles on them.
How can I tell Eclipse ignore this line? I imagine I would enclose it in conditional compilation directives that only affect code checking but not normal compilation. Something like this:
#ifdef _ECLIPSE_CODE_CHECKER
    my_bad_code();
#endif

But I cannot find any such macro predefined by Eclipse.
It would be even better to make the code checker simply accept this line.
Here's the smallish example:
#include <boost/log/core.hpp>
#include <boost/log/expressions.hpp>
#include <boost/log/support/date_time.hpp>
#include <boost/log/utility/setup/file.hpp>
#include <boost/log/utility/setup/common_attributes.hpp>
#include <boost/date_time/posix_time/posix_time.hpp>

namespace logging = boost::log;
namespace expr = boost::log::expressions;
namespace bpt = boost::posix_time;

int main()
{
  logging::add_file_log(
   logging::keywords::file_name ="file.log",
   logging::keywords::format =
    (expr::stream << expr::format_date_time<bpt::ptime >("T:", "%H:%M:%S") << expr::smessage));
}

Eclipse complains about add_file_log having invalid arguments. Removing format_date_time makes the error go away.

A: The macro you're looking for exists and is called __CDT_PARSER__:
#ifdef __CDT_PARSER__
    my_bad_code();
#endif

As for Eclipse's code checker accepting the line, I would encourage you to file a CDT bug.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Remote academic support for PhD students affected by the war on Ukraine
Academics beyond Borders is now calling for applications from PhD students enrolled in Ukrainian universities. There are 14 remote places available for candidates whose research at their home universities is being affected by the war on Ukraine. All places are funded by the University of Edinburgh and require no fees from any students accepted onto the scheme.
The Academics beyond Borders scheme provides remote academic support for PhD students affected by conflicts and/or repression. Through the scheme, PhD students enrolled in universities in countries affected by conflict or repressive regimes can enrol as "remote visiting students" at the University and receive support at a distance:
remote doctoral supervision by academics of the School of Social and Political Science
online academic mentoring from either a fellow postgraduate student or a member of staff from the School of Social and Political Science
access to the University's electronic library resources
All applications should be sent to academicsbeyondborders@ed.ac.uk by Tuesday 16 August 2022, for a start of the programme on 1 October 2022 at the University of Edinburgh. The call will remain open beyond that date based on need and the capacity to respond.
Please follow this link for further details about the scheme and application procedures.


text:
How Japan Plans to Build an Orbital Solar Farm
Energy Topic Type Feature
JAXA wants to make the sci-fi idea of space-based solar power a reality
Susumu Sasaki
Here Comes the Sun: Mirrors in orbit would reflect sunlight onto huge solar panels, and the resulting power would be beamed down to Earth.
Illustration: John MacNeill
Imagine looking out over Tokyo Bay from high above and seeing a man-made island in the harbor, 3 kilometers long. A massive net is stretched over the island and studded with 5 billion tiny rectifying antennas, which convert microwave energy into DC electricity. Also on the island is a substation that sends that electricity coursing through a submarine cable to Tokyo, to help keep the factories of the Keihin industrial zone humming and the neon lights of Shibuya shining bright.
But you can't even see the most interesting part. Several giant solar collectors in geosynchronous orbit are beaming microwaves down to the island from 36 000 km above Earth.
It's been the subject of many previous studies and the stuff of sci-fi for decades, but space-based solar power could at last become a reality—and within 25 years, according to a proposal from researchers at the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). The agency, which leads the world in research on space-based solar power systems, now has a technology road map that suggests a series of ground and orbital demonstrations leading to the development in the 2030s of a 1-gigawatt commercial system—about the same output as a typical nuclear power plant.
It's an ambitious plan, to be sure. But a combination of technical and social factors is giving it currency, especially in Japan. On the technical front, recent advances in wireless power transmission allow moving antennas to coordinate in order to send a precise beam across vast distances. At the same time, heightened public concerns about the climatic effects of greenhouse gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels are prompting a look at alternatives. Renewable energy technologies to harvest the sun and the wind are constantly improving, but large-scale solar and wind farms occupy huge swaths of land, and they provide only intermittent power. Space-based solar collectors in geosynchronous orbit, on the other hand, could generate power nearly 24 hours a day. Japan has a particular interest in finding a practical clean energy source: The accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant prompted an exhaustive and systematic search for alternatives, yet Japan lacks both fossil fuel resources and empty land suitable for renewable power installations.
Soon after we humans invented silicon-based photovoltaic cells to convert sunlight directly into electricity, more than 60 years ago, we realized that space would be the best place to perform that conversion. The concept was first proposed formally in 1968 by the American aerospace engineer Peter Glaser. In a seminal paper, he acknowledged the challenges of constructing, launching, and operating these satellites but argued that improved photovoltaics and easier access to space would soon make them achievable. In the 1970s, NASA and the U.S. Department of Energy carried out serious studies on space-based solar power, and over the decades since, various types of solar power satellites (SPSs) have been proposed. No such satellites have been orbited yet because of concerns regarding costs and technical feasibility. The relevant technologies have made great strides in recent years, however. It's time to take another look at space-based solar power.
A commercial SPS capable of producing 1 GW would be a magnificent structure weighing more than 10 000 metric tons and measuring several kilometers across. To complete and operate an electricity system based on such satellites, we would have to demonstrate mastery of six different disciplines: wireless power transmission, space transportation, construction of large structures in orbit, satellite attitude and orbit control, power generation, and power management. Of those six challenges, it's the wireless power transmission that remains the most daunting. So that's where JAXA has focused its research.
The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency is working on several models for solar-collecting satellites, which would fly in geosynchronous orbit 36 000 kilometers above their receiving stations. With the basic model [top left-hand side], the photovoltaic-topped panel's efficiency would decrease as the world turned away from the sun. The advanced model [top right-hand side] would feature two mirrors to reflect sunlight onto two photovoltaic panels. This model would be more difficult to build, but it could generate electricity continuously.In either model, the photovoltaic panels would generate DC current, which would be converted to microwaves aboard the satellite. The satellite's many microwave-transmitting antenna panels would receive a pilot signal from the ground, allowing each transmitting panel to separately aim its piece of the microwave beam at the receiving station far below.Once the microwave beam hits the receiving station, rectifying antennas would change the microwaves back to DC current. An on-site converter would change that current to AC power, which could be fed into the grid.
Wireless power transmission has been the subject of investigation since Nikola Tesla's experiments at the end of the 19th century. Tesla famously began building a 57-meter tower on New York's Long Island in 1901, hoping to use it to beam power to such targets as moving airships, but his funding was canceled before he could realize his dream.
To send power over distances measured in millimeters or centimeters—for example, to charge an electric toothbrush from its base or an electric vehicle from a roadway—electromagnetic induction works fine. But transmitting power over longer distances can be accomplished efficiently only by converting electricity into either a laser or a microwave beam.
The laser method's main advantages and disadvantages both relate to its short wavelength, which would be around 1 micrometer for this application. Such wavelengths can be transmitted and received by relatively small components: The transmitting optics in space would measure about 1 meter for a 1-GW installation, and the receiving station on the ground would be several hundred meters long. However, the short-wavelength laser would often be blocked by the atmosphere; water molecules in clouds would absorb or scatter the laser beam, as they do sunlight. No one wants a space-based solar power system that works only when the sky is clear.
But microwaves—for example, ones with wavelengths between 5 and 10 centimeters—would have no such problems in transmission. Microwaves also have an efficiency advantage for a space-based solar power system, where power must be converted twice: first from DC power to microwaves aboard the satellite, then from microwaves to DC power on the ground. In lab conditions, researchers have achieved about 80 percent efficiency in that power conversion on both ends. Electronics companies are now striving to achieve such rates in commercially available components, such as in power amplifiers based on gallium nitride semiconductors, which could be used in the microwave transmitters.
In their pursuit of an optimal design for the satellite, JAXA researchers are working on two different concepts. In the more basic one, a huge square panel (measuring 2 km per side) would be covered with photovoltaic elements on its top surface and transmission antennas on its bottom. This panel would be suspended by 10-km-long tether wires from a small bus, which would house the satellite's controls and communication systems.
Using a technique called gravity gradient stabilization, the bus would act as a counterweight to the huge panel. The panel, which would be closer to Earth, would experience more gravitational pull down toward the planet and less centrifugal force away from it, while the bus would be tugged upward by the opposite effects. This balance of forces would keep the satellite in a stable orbit, so it wouldn't need any active attitude-control system, saving millions of dollars in fuel costs.
BASIC RESEARCH PHASE 2014–2020
2014:Demonstration on the ground
2017:1-kW satellite experiment
DEVELOPMENT PHASE 2021–2030
2021:100-kW satellite experiment
2024:2-MW satellite experiment
2028: 200-MW demonstration power station
COMMERCIAL PHASE 2031–2040
2031:1-GW full-scale power station
2037:Commercial space-based solar power industry (one launch per year).
The problem with this basic SPS configuration is its inconstant rate of power generation. Because the photovoltaic panel's orientation is fixed, the amount of sunlight that hits it varies greatly as the geosynchronous satellite and Earth spin.
So JAXA has come up with a more advanced SPS concept that solves the solar collection problem by employing two huge reflective mirrors. These would be positioned so that between the two of them, they would direct light onto two photovoltaic panels 24 hours a day. The two mirrors would be free flying, not tethered to the solar panels or the separate transmission unit, which means that we would have to master a sophisticated kind of formation flying to implement this system. Space agencies have some experience with formation flying, most notably in the docking maneuvers performed at the International Space Station, but coordinating a formation flight involving kilometer-scale structures is a big step from today's docking procedures.
We would also have to make several other breakthroughs before this advanced type of SPS could be built. We'd need very light materials for the mirror structures to allow for the formation flight, as well as extremely high-voltage power transmission cables that could channel the power from the solar panels to the transmission unit with minimal resistive losses. Such technologies would take years to develop, so if one or more nations do embark on a long-term project to exploit space-based solar power, they may employ a two-phase program that begins with the basic model while researchers work on the technologies that will allow for next-generation systems.
To generate the microwaves, researchers have proposed vacuum tubes such as magnetrons, klystrons, or traveling wave tubes, because their power conversion efficiency is reasonably high—typically 70 percent or higher—and they're relatively inexpensive. Semiconductor amplifiers are getting better all the time, however; their efficiencies are going up, and their costs are coming down. Cost is important here because a 1-GW commercial SPS would have to include at least 100 million 10-watt semiconductor amplifiers.
To choose a microwave frequency for transmission, we have to weigh several factors. Low-frequency microwaves penetrate the atmosphere well, but they require very large antennas, which would make construction and maintenance more complicated. Frequencies in the range of 1 to 10 gigahertz offer the best compromise between antenna size and atmospheric attenuation. Within this range, 2.45 and 5.8 GHz are the potential candidates because they are in the bands set aside for industrial, scientific, and medical uses. Of these, 5.8 GHz seems particularly desirable because the transmitting antennas can be smaller.
Making a powerful beam of microwaves is important, of course, but the next step is a lot trickier: aiming the beam precisely so that it travels the 36 000 km to hit the rectifying antennas spot on.
Consider that the microwave transmission system would be composed of a number of antenna panels, each measuring perhaps 5 meters long, that would be covered in tiny antennas: In total, more than 1 billion antennas would likely be installed on a single SPS. Coordinating the microwaves generated by this vast swarm of antennas won't be easy. To produce a single, precisely focused beam, the phases of the microwaves sent from all the antenna panels must be synchronized. That would be hard to manage, as these panels would move relative to each other.
This challenge of precisely directing a beam from a moving source is unique and hasn't been solved by existing communication technologies. The beam must have very little divergence to prevent it from spreading out over too large an area. To send power at the 5.8-GHz frequency to a rectifying antenna, or rectenna, with a diameter of 3 km, the divergence must be limited to 100 microradians and the beam must have a pointing accuracy of 10 µrad.
JAXA's solution involves a pilot signal that would be sent from the rectenna on the ground. As each individual antenna panel on the satellite received the pilot signal, it would calculate the necessary phases for its microwaves and adjust accordingly. The sum of all these adjustments is a tight beam that would zing down through the atmosphere to hit the rectenna. Such phase-adjusting technologies, known as retrodirective systems, have been used in small-scale antenna arrays in space, but additional work would be needed before they could coordinate several kilometers of orbital transmitters.
Once the beam reaches the receiving site, the rest of the process would be relatively easy. Arrays of rectennas would convert the microwave power to DC power with an efficiency greater than 80 percent. Then the DC power would be converted to AC and fed into the electrical grid.
When laypeople hear these orbital solar farms described, they often ask if it would be safe to send a powerful beam of microwaves down to Earth. Wouldn't it cook whatever's in its path, like food in a microwave oven? Some people have a grisly mental image of roasted seagulls dropping from the sky. In fact, the beam wouldn't even be intense enough to heat your coffee. In the center of the beam in a commercial SPS system, the power density would be 1 kilowatt per square meter, which is about equal to the intensity of sunlight. As the regulatory limit for sustained human exposure to microwaves is typically set at 10 watts per square meter, however, the rectenna site would have to be a restricted area, and maintenance workers who enter that zone would have to take simple precautions, such as donning protective clothing. But the land outside the rectenna site would be perfectly safe. At a distance of 2 km from its center, the beam's power density will have already dropped below the regulatory threshold.
In 2008, on a mountaintop on Hawaii's main island, a rectenna received a beam of microwaves sent from the slopes of a volcano on the island of Maui, about 150 km away. That demonstration project, led by former NASA physicist John Mankins and recorded for a show on the Discovery Channel, was modest in its ambitions: Only 20 W of power were generated by the solar panels on Maui and beamed across the ocean. This setup was far from ideal because the microwaves' phases were disturbed during this horizontal transmission through the dense atmosphere. Most of the power was lost in transmission, and less than a microwatt was received on the Big Island. But the experiment did demonstrate the general principle to an admiring public. And it's worth remembering that in a space-based system, the microwaves would pass through dense atmosphere only for the last few kilometers of their journey.
In Japan, we are now planning a series of demonstrations for the next few years. By the end of this year, researchers expect to perform a ground experiment in which a beam of hundreds of watts will be transmitted over about 50 meters. This project, funded by JAXA and Japan Space Systems, will be the world's first demonstration of high-power and long-range microwave transmission with the critical addition of retrodirective beam control. The microwave transmitter consists of four individual panels that can move in relation to one another in order to simulate antenna motion in orbit. Each panel, measuring 0.6 meter by 0.6 meter, contains hundreds of tiny transmitting antennas and receiving antennas to detect the pilot signal, as well as phase controllers and power management systems. Each panel will transmit 400 W, so that the total beam will carry 1.6 kW; in this early-stage experiment, we expect the rectenna to have a power output of 350 W.
In space there is 10 times as much available solar energy as on Earth: There are no efficiency reductions due to the day-night cycle, seasonal variation, or weather conditions.
Next, JAXA researchers hope to conduct the first microwave power transmission experiment in space, sending several kilowatts from low Earth orbit to the ground. This step, proposed for 2018, should test out the hardware: We hope to demonstrate microwave beam control, evaluate the system's overall efficiency, and verify that the microwave beam doesn't interfere with existing communications infrastructure. We also have some space science to conduct. We want to be sure that the intense microwave beam isn't distorted or absorbed by the plasma of the ionosphere, the upper-atmosphere layer that contains electrically charged particles. We're pretty sure that the beam won't interact with this plasma, but our hypothesis can be confirmed only in the space environment.
If all goes well with these initial ground and space demonstrations, things will really start to get interesting. JAXA's technology road map calls for work to begin on a 100-kW SPS demonstration around 2020. Engineers would verify all the basic technologies required for a commercial space-based solar power system during this stage.
Constructing and orbiting a 2-megawatt and then a 200-MW plant, the next likely steps, would require an international consortium, like the ones that fund the world's giant particle physics experiments. Under such a scenario, a global organization could begin the construction of a 1-GW commercial SPS in the 2030s.
It would be difficult and expensive, but the payoff would be immense, and not just in economic terms. Throughout human history, the introduction of each new energy source—beginning with firewood, and moving on through coal, oil, gas, and nuclear power—has caused a revolution in our way of living. If humanity truly embraces space-based solar power, a ring of satellites in orbit could provide nearly unlimited energy, ending the biggest conflicts over Earth's energy resources. As we place more of the machinery of daily life in space, we'll begin to create a prosperous and peaceful civilization beyond Earth's surface.
This article originally appeared in print as "It's Always Sunny in Space."
Sasaki, a professor emeritus at the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, spent much of his 41-year JAXA career researching space-based solar power systems. The best-case scenario for this technology, he says, is a global "paradigm shift" in which nations stop competing for energy resources on the ground, and instead work together to build grand orbital power stations that beam clean energy down to Earth. He remains optimistic.
Solar Power from Space? Caltech's $100 Million Gambit - IEEE Spectrum ›
Energy Webinar
Storm Hardening with Spacer Cable-Adding Resilience and Reliability to Your Grid
Tuesday, 25 January 2022, 11am ET
Hendrix Aerial Cable Systems
cables type:webinar type:upcoming
Electric utility infrastructure habitually falls prey to overgrown Right-of-Way, high winds, and harsh weather. Impactful events causing outages are increasing in frequency, and need to be endured without major disruptions in electric service. This webinar will discuss the application of covered aerial conductor to "harden" the electric utility grid so that unpredictable events don't result in unsustainable outages.
Brian Trager, Director of Technology & International
Brian J. Trager is a member of the IEEE. He received his B.S. and M. Eng. degrees in Electric Power Engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in New York in 1979 and 1980, respectively, and a Masters degree in Business Administration from the University of Pittsburgh in 1986. Mr. Trager has held various positions in Engineering, Consulting and Management at American Electric Power Company, Cooper Power Systems and Fisher-Pierce, and at Hendrix Wire and Cable, where he's been for the past 26 years. He has taught Electric Power Engineering at Ohio State University, West Virginia University, and Pennsylvania State University, in addition to teaching courses to utility clients, and has authored over 50 technical papers and articles for the IEEE and other national and international organizations. He has brought to fruition numerous high-reliability power distribution projects in various sites on seven continents over a period spanning more than 40 years.
Tomorrow's Power Grid Will Be Autonomous - IEEE Spectrum ›
How to Build a More Resilient Power Grid - IEEE Spectrum ›
Improving Grid Reliability and Resilience: Lessons Learned from ... ›
Reliability vs. Resilience | Secure the Grid ›
What's the Difference between Reliability and Resilience ›


Crystal Lagoons® has developed and patented a sustainable cooling system for industrial processes, such as thermal power plants and datacenters, where a sustainable cooling lagoon is built in connection to an industrial process in order to provide high quality cooling water for its cooling stage.
This technology has many advantages over current cooling technologies like "once-through cooling systems", which are open cooling systems that produce environmental damage due to the withdrawal of large volumes of water from natural sources, and the discharge of heated water back to the source, producing thermal pollution; and also when compared with cooling towers, which have high energy and water consumption, as well as high capital costs.
Furthermore, current cooling technologies waste large amounts of waste heat into the environment, while the cooling technology developed by Crystal Lagoons allows huge amounts of energy that is currently lost to be recovered, and to use this wasted energy for processes such as greenhouse heating, residential heating, drying processes, to name just a few; or it can even be used to provide year-round pleasantly heated lagoons, used for recreational purposes, never before seen. Furthermore, the waste heat can be used for desalinating water with no additional energy, by using Crystal Lagoons membrane distillation technologies-- helping to solve one of the world's biggest problems: water scarcity.
Approximately 80% of the world's electricity is generated by fossil fuel power plants that require a cooling stage, and such facilities currently use very large volumes of water in order to cool their processes. Two commonly used cooling systems are OTC or once-through cooling systems, which have negative environmental impacts, and wet cooling towers systems, which have high capital and operational costs, as well as having large water and energy consumption and producing pollution due to water discharge (blowdown) and drift.
Most thermal power plants in the world use once-through cooling systems, which operate by withdrawing large volumes of water directly from the sea or other natural sources (rivers, lakes, etc.). This system produces severe environmental damage during the water intake, because many aquatic organisms are caught up and subsequently killed in the process and at the water outlet, where hot water is discharged back into the sea (or lakes and rivers), generating thermal pollution and altering ecosystems. This process has been banned in various countries, including the U.S., due to its environmental impact on aquatic flora and fauna, requiring the use of closed circuit cooling systems.
The current alternative to once-through cooling systems is the use of wet cooling towers. These cooling towers operate by transferring the heat into the atmosphere through an exchange between the hot water and the air inside evaporation towers. This technology is costly to install and operate, because it uses large amounts of energy, through the fans and pumps that are required. Furthermore, cooling towers dissipate heat through evaporation, and these high evaporation rates lead to high water consumption. Finally, cooling towers are prone to drift (water droplets carried in the air away from the tower that land on nearby terrain), and also require a permanent water flow to be discharged to maintain water quality in the towers; this increases water consumption even more, because large water volumes are needed for refill, due to evaporation and discharge.
Crystal Lagoons has developed and patented a state-of-the-art sustainable closed cooling system for industrial processes. This system can be used by thermal power plants, paper mills, refineries, foundries, concentrated solar power plants, and data centers, among others, to dissipate waste heat from industrial processes through the use of man-made sustainable lagoons in a closed circuit cooling cycle.
The system works by withdrawing high quality water from a pristine clear lagoon for the cooling stage of the industrial process. The cooling water absorbs heat as it passes through the industrial process, and it is then discharged back into the lagoon, thus completing the closed cycle. The water cools as it flows through the man-made lagoon, where the heat is dissipated by evaporation, conduction, convection and radiation.
Compared to once-through cooling systems, the low-cost closed circuit technology not only removes the environmental impact generated by these cooling systems, it also eliminates the issue of biofouling found in most open cooling systems. The patented water treatment technology maintains the water quality at optimal levels, therefore significantly reducing equipment maintenance costs. Crystal Lagoons technology allows large amounts of waste heat that is currently wasted to be recovered from industrial processes, in order to use it in different processes.
Compared with cooling towers, sustainable cooling lagoons have lower energy and water consumption, all the while providing a high quality water reservoir for the facility, as well as an aesthetic and recreational feature. Furthermore, as the hot water is discharged back to the lagoon, it is being heated and it can later be used in processes such as residential and greenhouse heating, thermal desalination, drying processes, or used directly in year-round heated lagoons for recreational usage. Furthermore, the heat that is a byproduct of their sustainable cooling lagoons can be used to desalinate water with no additional energy, producing fresh water with energy that would otherwise go to waste.
It is important to mention that this technology has been patented in the United States under the Fast Track Green Technology Program of the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), where only 1 out of 1,500 patents is granted through this program, confirming the sustainable nature of our state-of-the-art cooling lagoons.
WASTE HEAT UTILIZATION: In conventional coal-fired power plants, only one third of the energy is transformed into electricity, while the remaining two thirds are lost to the environment through waste heat. Therefore, considerable amounts of thermal energy, in the form of large volumes of hot water, are wasted mainly through the cooling systems. It is estimated that the total amount of thermal energy wasted from industrial processes amounts to up to 10 times more than the energy produced by renewable energy plants (such as photovoltaic and wind power plants). In addition, if we were able to use all of the available thermal energy from power plants, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions would be reduced by 50%. Crystal Lagoons sustainable cooling technology allows facilities to capture waste heat from these processes and use it in different applications, such as residential heating, thermal desalination, greenhouses and pre-heating of fluids, among others.
RECREATIONAL VALUE: Crystal Lagoons sustainable cooling technology can be coupled with real estate development and recreational projects, providing heated man-made lagoons all year round, for recreational purposes, bringing a view of the Caribbean anywhere in the world. These lagoons powered by Crystal Lagoons technology provide high quality water and are an ideal venue for water sports, such as kayaking and sailing, as well as swimming, and of course it is a unique visual attraction. As such, the lagoons increase the property value of nearby communities, benefiting the local economy and tourism. Furthermore, in colder climates, closed domes can be used to create a tropical beach paradise by using the heat of a thermal power plant to provide a heated lagoon and also heat the air to create a temperate micro-climate within the dome.
The San Isidro Sustainable Cooling Lagoon was the first sustainable cooling lagoon in the world, and was part of a combined cycle power plant owned by Endesa (a subsidiary of Enel from Italy). Crystal Lagoons carried out the design, construction, commissioning and operation of the San Isidro Cooling Lagoon, cooling down a portion of the power plant's water flow, which was previously operated using a cooling tower system fed by well water.
This experience and project has validated the computational simulation models and laboratory tests of the cooling technology analysis. It also facilitated empirical testing of the lagoon's heat dissipation capacity. The overall results confirmed the capacity of the sustainable cooling technology; water analysis confirmed its excellent quality and that it eliminates scaling and biofouling in the piping and equipment. The cooling lagoon also provides an important feature for the power plant, generating a source of reserve water for the facility, as well as an aesthetical improvement to previously unused land, combining industrial and recreational opportunities.
They allow large amounts of thermal energy that is currently wasted and normally discharged into the sea to be used in industrial processes, for use in many applications, such as membrane distillation processes for fresh water production (desalination for producing freshwater with no additional energy), heating the lagoon for recreational purposes; using it for residential and industrial heating, and in drying processes, among others.
They eliminate environmental damage associated with withdrawing water directly from the sea (or other water bodies), which negatively affects marine flora and fauna.
They avoid thermal pollution and alteration of the marine ecosystem caused by the discharge of hot water into the sea (or other natural water sources).
They eliminate biofouling, reducing maintenance costs and increasing heat transfer efficiency.
They provide community benefits by using the lagoon for recreational purposes.
They allow facilities to be placed far from natural water sources (sea), and near centers where there is demand (cities).
They enable any type of water to be used (freshwater, seawater or even brackish).
They allow large amounts of thermal energy that is currently wasted and normally discharged into the air through evaporation to be used in industrial processes and in many applications, such as membrane distillation processes for producing fresh water (desalination for producing freshwater with no additional energy), heating of the lagoon, residential and industrial heating, drying processes, and many others.
Low power consumption, as it does not require fans.
It does not generate drift (water droplets with high chemical concentration that escape from cooling towers to nearby terrain).
It minimizes biofouling, which reduces maintenance costs and increases heat transfer efficiency.
It does not generate visible plume.
It increases community value, using the lagoon for recreational purposes.
Crystal Lagoons has developed a technology that enables large bodies of water to be maintained, with excellent water quality and at very low cost. They can be built on the side of a commercial or residential facility in order to provide a stable media for heat transfer with Heat Pump systems, and therefore provide air conditioning or heating to the facilities at very low costs, saving 50% in energy consumption compared to conventional systems.
Conventional air conditioning and heating systems (HVAC) operate by transferring heat to the outside air, by means of heat pump systems. However, water has about 4 times more capacity for heat transfer and, therefore, using water for cooling or heating spaces or facilities is more efficient than using air.
The Crystal Lagoons solution provides pristine clear lagoons with excellent water quality, at very low costs, that can be built next to residential communities or commercial facilities (such as hotels, airports, etc.). This is ideal for supplying high quality water for heat transfer and for providing air conditioning or heating as well to such facilities, all at low cost, and generally saving up to 50% of energy consumption compared to conventional HVAC systems. Such lagoons can also be used for recreational purposes, enhancing the local landscape as the World's Top Amenity.
As a sub-product of the sustainable cooling system, where a cooling lagoon is connected to a thermal power plant that operates in a closed circuit, high quality hot water is generated. Such hot water flow can be used directly from the lagoon for generating fresh water through a Membrane Distillation process, without requiring additional energy consumption. This technology promises to be a major breakthrough for the world.
Crystal Lagoons has developed a revolutionary technology for using large amounts of thermal energy that is wasted in industrial processes, and which can generate a major breakthrough around the world by producing fresh water with no energy.
In the world, there are more than 50,000 power plants and other industrial facilities that currently waste huge amounts of energy mainly through their cooling systems. Such enormous amounts of energy are lost in the form of large volumes of water at relatively low temperatures, referred to as "low grade waste heat" or LGWH. The total amount of thermal energy that is lost is very high, and it is estimated that the waste heat from current power plants and other industrial facilities in the world is up to 10 times higher than the energy produced by renewable energy plants (such as photovoltaic and wind power plants). Also, the World Economic Forum has announced that the water crisis is the #1 long-term global risk based on the impact on society.
Crystal Lagoons has developed a technology that allows large amounts of waste thermal energy from industrial processes to be used in order to produce freshwater through membrane distillation, all at low costs, providing a possible solution to the most important problem in the world currently.
Membrane distillation is a desalination technology driven by a temperature gradient that allows fresh water to be extracted from hot salt water. The technology consists of water vapor passing through the membrane, forced by the temperature difference of the water that flows on both sides of the membrane. This technology requires hot seawater of high purity to avoid the membrane getting clogged, and to maintain the efficiency of the process. The biggest limitation to expanding this technology relates to the difficulty in obtaining large volumes of hot seawater of high quality and at low cost. However, this is solved by Crystal Lagoons technology that provides large volumes of excellent quality water for desalination purposes, and at low costs.
Crystal Lagoons technology can also be used for maintaining excellent water quality in pump storage systems, which enables stability and continuity to be provided in electricity generation at renewable power plants, such as wind farms or solar plants. When there is available renewable energy, the water is pumped to a high level lagoon, storing potential energy. Then, when electricity is required, the water is discharged to a low level lagoon producing energy through a hydroelectric turbine.
Pump storage systems store and generate energy by moving water between two water reservoirs located at different elevations. Such systems are used to provide electricity generation stability and continuity at renewable power plants that have variable electricity generation because the natural resource used is not permanent, like solar or wind power plants that depend on the sun and wind, respectively. In such cases, water is pumped from a low level lagoon to a high level lagoon by means of renewable electricity during times of low electricity demand. To provide electricity during the night or during periods of low wind, water is released from the high level lagoons and electricity is generated, providing constant electricity output.
By using Crystal Lagoons technology, excellent water quality is maintained in the water reservoirs used in pump storage systems, eliminating biofouling and minimizing equipment maintenance.
Crystal Lagoons technology allows seawater to be pre-treated at low cost through a treatment lagoon, providing high quality water for feeding the reverse osmosis process. This method considerably reduces investment and operational costs at the pretreatment stage, generating an efficient and sustainable alternative to current pre-treatment processes, all the while creating a high quality water reservoir that allows recreational use.
Reverse osmosis is a widely used technology that can produce freshwater from saltwater (seawater or brackish water). The process is driven by a pressure gradient between a saltwater flow and a freshwater flow, separated by a semi-permeable membrane. When the saltwater pressure exceeds the system's osmotic pressure, it produces pure water flow through the membrane, generating fresh water. However, for this process to operate properly, high quality seawater must be used to ensure membranes do not become clogged and damaged. Therefore, the highest cost of the reverse osmosis process occurs in the complex and expensive seawater pre-treatment required to obtain high quality water.
This technology allows the sustainable construction and maintenance of seawater purification systems, on a large scale and at very low cost, for mining purposes. In this way a high quality water reservoir is created, and it can be used for recreational purposes, benefiting local communities.
Freshwater scarcity is a big problem for the world's mining industry. The mining sector has reacted to the problem by adopting several actions that optimize water consumption through operational improvements, as well as studying new alternatives for using different types of water. As a result, mining companies are increasingly using seawater for their processes, by transporting seawater through long pipelines from the ocean to the mines. However, seawater has a high organic content, which causes biofouling and leads to several problems associated with its transportation, such as piping deterioration, load reductions, and the use of expensive coatings, among others.
Crystal Lagoons has developed and patented a low-cost technology for the eco-friendly purification of seawater through man-made lagoons that completely eliminates biofouling and eliminates organic matter that currently attaches itself to pipelines, generating high maintenance costs and associated downtime. This technology generates a considerable reduction of investment and operational costs, by replacing current high cost treatment systems and generating an efficient alternative to current processes.
This patented technology allows the sustainable construction and maintenance of seawater purification systems on a large scale and at low cost, competently replacing current water treatment technologies. The technology also generates a high-quality water reservoir that can be used for recreational purposes, benefiting local communities.
This technology allows, at very low costs, surface runoff water to be purified through a treatment lagoon, where the water is collected during rainy season, and after the lagoon treatment, the water is rapidly infiltrated into underground aquifers through wells, to be used during droughts or in dry season.
The world is facing an important problem: water scarcity. During rainy seasons, most of the water that falls to the ground goes unused, and ends up being wasted.
An efficient way to take advantage of rain water that is currently lost is to store the water underground through direct aquifer infiltration. This process consists of collecting surface runoff rainwater, injecting it through wells, and storing it underground. While this process is efficient, it has a big limitation: to directly inject collected water into the aquifers and store the water underground, the water must be of the highest quality.
Crystal Lagoons has developed a technology that allows surface runoff water to be treated and purified at very low costs through a pristine clear lagoon, so that water can rapidly infiltrate the underground aquifers through wells, complying with strict infiltration regulations. Subsequently, the water stored in aquifers can be pumped to the surface for use in agriculture, mining and sanitary purposes. This provides a reliable and high quality water supply in times of drought or water shortage.
The Crystal Lagoons City is a conceptual project that brings together different recreational and industrial applications of the technologies they offer, in both the public and private sectors.
The Crystal Lagoons city is a conceptual project that brings together all the different recreational and industrial applications of the technologies Crystal Lagoons offers, in both the public and private sectors; and for local communities to benefit from clean energy and water at very low costs, solving large global problems, while enjoying all the benefits of an idyllic beach lifestyle that Crystal Lagoons technology provides.
The Crystal Lagoons city includes several pristine clear lagoons with different applications: solving problems of pollution, producing freshwater without energy, improving the quality of life for people around the world, generating a safe recreational amenity without the use of land, providing continuity to renewable power plants, reducing pre-treatment costs for reverse osmosis processes, purifying seawater at low costs, and generating high quality water reservoirs for their use in times of drought.
In the image, we can see the main park with a pristine clear lagoon and beach life as a main attraction that allows the safe practice of water sports, while providing air conditioning and heating for a large number of nearby residential and commercial buildings, through heat pump systems. We can also see a floating lagoon that enables developers to take advantage of lakes and water bodies with poor water quality, creating a unique attraction that enables recreational uses such as swimming and sailing in a safe environment without the use of additional land.
A sustainable cooling lagoon can also be found in the industrial area, whose function is to cool the electricity generation process of a thermal power plant. The high quality hot water (by-product of the cooling system) is then sent to a membrane distillation process, where fresh water is produced without the use of additional energy, which can be used as drinking water, for irrigation, or other applications.
Furthermore, we can use this technology in a pump storage system and for pre-treatment of seawater for reverse osmosis systems and finally for artificial aquifer recharge processes, creating underground water reservoirs that can be used in times of drought.