Parasitic gastroenteritis (PGE; gut worms) in dairy herds usually affects calves grazing contaminated pasture during their first summer at grass, typically where the same pastures are used for this class of stock every year.
Typically these fields are often too small, or are away from the home farm and not suitable for the main dairy herd. This pasture has been grazed by young cattle during the previous season with over-wintering of infection.
In spring-calving beef herds, early season pasture contamination of developing larvae is ingested by immune adult cows which results in restricted egg output and subsequent low larval challenge to the calves later in the grazing season.
Autumn-born beef calves graze little before housing and are generally weaned at turnout before larval challenge occurs during the next summer. Problems arise when these weaned beef calves graze contaminated pasture during their second season if they have not gained sufficient immunity as young calves during the previous autumn.
Disease is caused by maturation of Ostertagia ostertagi larvae (Ostertagiosis) in the abomasum (fourth stomach). Unlike disease caused by lungworm and liver fluke, PGE does not usually cause clinical disease in adult cattle.
Disease caused by O. ostertagi is divided into two forms, type I and type II.
Type I Ostertagiosis is typically seen during late summer/early autumn caused by the ingestion and immediate maturation of very large numbers of infective larvae by susceptible calves or yearlings. Disease is more severe after dry early summer months followed by wet weather during August/September because of mass emergence of larvae and ingestion by grazing cattle. There is loss of appetite with sudden and profuse green diarrhoea which affects most animals within the group within several days. In growing cattle economic losses result from a marked loss of body condition (up to 10 per cent bodyweight; 20 to 40 kgs in growing cattle) and convalescence is protracted with extended periods to slaughter weights (up to three months). Sudden death caused by PGE is rare. Losses in a severe outbreak of PGE in growing cattle could reach £100 per head.
Infective larvae ingested from pasture from autumn onwards do not mature to adult worms immediately but undergo a period of delayed development within the stomach wall and then emerge in the late winter months to cause disease. The treatment response in type II disease is poor. This form of the disease is prevented by routine anthelmintic treatment at housing during late autumn/early winter.
Diagnosis is based upon the grazing pattern and history of previous anthelmintic treatments. Faecal egg counts are generally high in type I but can be absent in type II disease. Blood tests can be used to determine whether there is significant parasitic damage to the abomasal lining.
Prompt anthelmintic treatment is essential for both types of disease. While type I disease is susceptible to all anthelmintics, a group 3 (avermectin/milbemycin group) should be used for type II disease.
Parasitic gastroenteritis disease control must be carefully considered in the herd health plan alongside lungworm prevention. An annual rotational pattern (cattle/sheep/crops) can rarely be achieved on livestock farms.
Clinical disease can be a major welfare concern in type II disease especially because there are proven cheap preventive programmes.
Early clinical signs in growing cattle (and dry dairy cows) include an increased respiratory rate at rest, but more noticeable, frequent coughing especially after short periods of exercise. Severely affected cattle may be reluctant to move, stand with their head down, neck extended, and cough frequently.
In the dairy herd, a reduction in bulk tank is noted along with frequent coughing when cows are walking to and from the milking parlour. Infection of susceptible cattle can result in a dramatic reduction in milk yields of up to 50 per cent, with possible deaths. With very large larval numbers on pasture, disease can occur in adult cattle vaccinated as calves but not subsequently challenged for several years. Lost milk production could reach £1.50 to £3 per head per day with recovery taking 10 to 20 days after treatment.
Diagnosis of patent lungworm infestation is based upon the demonstration of lungworm larvae in the faeces.
Lungworm prevention is based upon development of immunity and is best achieved by vaccination. Periods of natural exposure to lungworm (and other parasites) during the grazing season to allow for immunity to develop, then infection controlled by strategic anthelmintic treatments, is a risky strategy for lungworm prevention but would control PGE in most situations. Therefore, PGE is often a secondary consideration to the more important lungworm disease.
Where vaccination of cattle for lungworm is undertaken planned anthelmintic treatments during late summer (July to September) can work to control PGE but mistakes can happen and failure to treat at the scheduled time may result in disease and costly weight loss in the cattle. No real challenge during their first grazing season at pasture, and failure to develop immunity, renders cattle susceptible to lungworm during their second season at pasture especially if weaned beef calves graze the same fields every year (for example rented ground away from the main farm etc). Nematode control strategies aimed at suppressive management of O. ostertagi, in particular those using persistent acting macrocyclic lactone anthelmintic regimes, prevent exposure of naïve cattle to D. viviparous and disease is often seen in older animals during their second, third or subsequent grazing seasons.
Health planning by the farmer's veterinary surgeon is very important to prevent PGE and lungworm disease and may include both strategic anthelmintic treatment and lungworm vaccination. A detailed knowledge of the individual farm set-up is essential to tailor the best control programme for PGE and lungworm especially involving beef calves during their second grazing season.


In Living Color's Tommy Davidson is hard at work onDeconstructing Sammy, a biopic about Sammy Davis Jr. The film would follow other castmate turns like Jamie Foxx in Ray and Jim Carrey as Andy Kaufman in Man on the Moon.
That's great and all, but how much longer must we wait before we finally get Damon Wayans in the Medgar Evers story?
"You're gonna wait a long time for that," Davidson toldCultist in advance of his three night stand at the Miami Improv, starting Thursday.
Davidson's impersonation is a vehicle for jokes, yes, but it's also a tribute to a man that inspired him in very concrete ways.
In Living Color itself was a massive post-racial success, but Davidson saw color lines differently long before joining the cast. He was adopted by a white couple.
It was an experience that has found Davidson firmly in favor of adoptions by homosexual couples.
"Anyone who has love to give a child, that child deserves it. It's really simple math. You've got a child with no love and a couple wants to give it to them. There it is. It doesn't matter about their sexual orientation.
As you might imagine, Davidson's standup act is a bit more nuanced that most. Its strength is what caught Keenan Ivory Wayans' attention all those years ago, and his dedication to his craft was highlighted in the documentary I Am Comic.
So if this weekend you have family visiting from the year 2046, tell them it's safe to take off the scuba tank and head down to the Improv for a laugh. And they don't need to bone up their history, either; Davidson doesn't consider himself a topical comedian, not that he isn't giddy when a chance comes up for him to chime in on the news. Example: his old target Marion Berry's recent claims that the government was trying to kill him with crack.
Unless some prankster glues a pudding cup to Davidson's forehead, however, you won't see anything resembling an Aaron Neville impression. It's one of the few that Davidson has never been able to master.
Surely, like Killer Karaoke, this is the sign of a civilization in decline. And while Davidson hasn't seen Killer Karaoke he patiently listened to our impassioned descriptions of several scenes (a man singing "867-5309/Jenny" to Steve-O while carrying trays of pasta and being shocked by half a dozen electric dog collars, a woman trying to sing country while having her head stuffed in a box holding a skunk) and didn't seem surprised.
Except in this case, it's a cake with donkey balls in it and Kris Jenner is charging people thousands for a chance to lick the spatula.
"It's an ego state of greed. The people in power start to entertain themselves by humiliating the people who don't have the power. And they make a concerted effort to put it on public display. Who would put their head in a box with a skunk? Someone who needs the money or needs to be seen.
You can feel good about seeing Tommy Davidson during one of his five shows at the Miami Improv, starting on Thursday. At the very least, it will be more fun that sticking your head in a box with a skunk.
Tommy Davidson at the Miami Improv. 3390 Mary Street, Coconut Grove. Thursday, January 31 through Saturday, February 2, at 8:30 p.m. Additional shows on Friday and Saturday at 10:45 p.m. All shows cost $20 plus fees and have a two-drink minimum. Ages 18+. Visit miamiimprov.com or call 305-441-8200.


Born in a Barn is a wonderful nativity play for 4-7 year olds, which children will enjoy performing and parents will love to watch. Now available with Words on Screen™ v2.
Celebrate the magic of Christmas with Born in a Barn, a charming nativity play for nursery and young primary school children.
There's a good deal of commotion in a Bethlehem stable when the animals realize that there's a baby in the barn! The cows, sheep, pigs, cat and cockerel all learn about their special guest from the donkey that brought the baby along as well as the guests that follow.
As more and more visitors arrive to greet the new king, the animals slowly realise what a privilege it is to share their home with such an important baby.
This exciting nativity play is perfect for involving nursery/reception children in a production with older infant-age children.
My daughter did this play last year in year 2 and she loved it! Born in a barn has got to be the best play I've ever seen. 5 stars.
We have just done this Nativity, it is easy to teach. Year 2 took the main parts, and all managed to learn their parts easily. Some more minor parts were played by Year 1 and then we had reception and the nursery ( aged 3 to 4) as the supporting cast. he parents thought ti was one of the best performances they had seen. Our total cast was about 50.
My favourite school play - had the children and parents in stitches. Lovely songs and easy script for Year 1/2.
This was an excellent Nativity to involve and engage the whole of our Infant School. The parents really enjoyed it as it was traditional but had fun and humour too.
This is a fantastic play that our whole school (K-6) performed for our end of year Christmas Gathering. The script is funny and the songs are so catchy and enjoyable. The students had a great time performing and the whole school community really loved the funny storyline. Highly recommended!!!
Our Reception, Year 1 and Year 2 children performed this nativity last year. All the parents, children and staff agreed that it was the best nativity they had ever done/seen. The songs are very easy to learn and are extremely catchy... beware because you will wake up singing 'Born in a Barn!' We added an animal dance for our Reception children. Whilst having a strong message about the real meaning of Christmas, it really was fun, fun fun from start to finish! There was not a dry eye in our hall by the end of our performance and the children even got a standing ovation. A fabulous Infant produdtion.
5 stars - we loved it and the KS1 production at our son's school was perfectly balanced with roles for each of the year groups - still singing the theme song!!
A great musical to perform at Christmas time. Simple enough for all to achieve great results and wow the parents!
Very good fun, good songs. Amazing show, would like to see it again!!!!!!!!
Modern retelling of the amazing Christmas Story!
I would recommend this to anyone who wants to do something completely different for their school Natvity play! My school put on two performances of Born in a Barn last Christmas and it was really amazing! We were very fortunate to have some money to buy costumes and a back drop but really all you need to make this work is a bit of creativity and enthusiam! The children absolutely loved it and it worked really well with Primary Two singing and playing the non speaking roles and the Primary 3 children taking the speaking roles. We had our p3 choir involved and lots of singing and dancing! The hall was filled with lots of smiles from both our children and their parents!! The feed back was brilliant and so this year we are trying Christmas with the Aliens!!
fantastic songs made the show brilliant for everyone!
Song were very easy to learn for the children. Great opportunity for a a solo donkey that had us all crying - soooooo sweet. You can add actions to the lively songs really easily and the parents loved it!
Born in a Barn is a great nativity play for ks1. all the children teachers and parents enjoyed it and we managed to include all 150 children! Im back for this Christmas' play!
Fab . Songs were great and children loved them and found them easy to learn. We did it with Reception, year 1 and year 2 children.
We have just finished our performances of this wonderful nativity play. The audiences loved it and there wasn't a dry eye in the house! We had 120 children aged 5 - 7 all singing acting and playing percussion. The older children took the main parts with the younger children being animals, shepherds and angels. This allowed us to divide the play into parts for more manageable rehearsals. The songs were punchy, humerous yet meaningful. A delightful experience for all and such great fun!
We are performing this with Years 1 & 2. The songs are catchy and not too difficult to sing with plenty of scope to include solos and group singing and dancing parts. The script is good but some lines have had to be split to support the younger children. We've been singing it for several weeks and I still love it. Well worth a go!
Our Year 3 and Year 4 children are performing this play at Christmas. They are so enthusiastic that they have practically learnt the script already and we've only had 3 practises! There is lots of humour in the play, as long as you can get the children to use the correct expression. The children and I are looking forward to the performance.
Lovely script and songs - but very long lines!
We are performing this play with Reception, Year 1 and Year 2 children. We love the script and songs, but unfortunately the lines are so long we have had to split them into two and three parts, creating yet more animals - we now have a very full stage! We wouldn't advise this play for Reception aged children (as it is listed), but it is lovely for older children. We are keeping our fingers crossed that everyone remembers where they are and what they have to say!


Sebastian Witalec is a Technical Evangelist for Progress/Telerik with over 8 years of experience in software engineering and architecture.
Sebastian has passion for all types of technologies. However in the last few years his focus shifted towards cross platform Mobile development where he gained experience with Apache Cordova and NativeScript.
He is always happy to learn about the new stuff and to pass the knowledge as far as his voice (or the wire) can take him. Sebastian is based in London, UK actively working with various Dev communities in the area. When not acting techie he is a massive football fan/player (probably bigger at heart than skills).


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text:
Madchester to descend on Macclesfield this Summer
The Happy Mondays are headlining this year's Macclesfield Festival, but lead singe Shaun Ryder says their hell-raising days are behind them
Dominic Smithers
Happy Mondays will be headlinign this year's Macclesfield Festival
One of Madchester's biggest bands are returning to where they played one of their first ever gigs - although the lead singer confesses he doesn't remember much about it.
Iconic 1990s band the Happy Mondays, will step on to the stage to headline Macclesfield Festival in June.
And it will be a homecoming of sorts, as the group's hell-raising frontman, Shaun Ryder, says they are returning to the town where he played one of their first gigs.
"One of the first main gigs we played, and at the time we thought it was massive, was at Macclesfield Leisure Centre with New Order in about 1983", he said.
Care home threatened with closure after report finds patients are at risk of abuse and malnutrition
But Shaun added that because it was such a long time ago he can't even remember whether it went well or not. A lot has changed in the intervening years. Now in his 50s Shaun says the 24 hour partying has stopped and the group's hectic lifestyles have mellowed.
He says along with his brother Paul and the rest of the Mondays; Gary Whelan, Mark Day, Rowetta and Bez, he is on his best behaviour these days.
Salford-born Shaun said: "We don't even drink these days. I've got Manuka honey and bananas on my rider and that's me. We really enjoy the festivals and I really enjoy them it's brilliant. It's all rock and roll these days and the sex and drugs have gone."
A family man, Shaun says you're more likely to find him listening to Hannah Montana than partying late or searching out new bands. He added: "Our Paul [Ryder] listens to new young bands and it's great but I don't really get to these days. My sort of music now is Hannah Montana or Katie Perry because I've got two young kids."
But Shaun, who at one time played to a packed audience at the Brazil's famous Maracana stadium, says he isn't looking back to the glory days.
Cheshire East hires firm to stamp out bulling
The maverick front man says the Mondays enjoy performing more than ever and they are just doing it for the love.
He said: "It's great doing the shows now.
"Back in the day when we were starting out we were making albums and doing press and did what we had to do, but now we just really enjoy it. When you are young you don't appreciate it as much at the beginning of your career, you do what you've got to do, but now we love it." The band will top the bill ahead of local talent, with Macclesfield duo, the Virginmarys, also performing at the event on Saturday, July 21 at Priory Park.
For more information go to macclesfield festival.co.uk /
Local NewsFarm under threat if King's School goes ahead with plan for new school in green beltFallibroome Farm, run by Betty Hine and brothers Peter and Graham Taylor, will lose its milking herd in the plans.
MacclesfieldIn this week's Macclesfield ExpressFind out what else is in this week's edition of the Macclesfield Express ...
Armed ForcesFarewell, ChrisSOCCER: There aren't many of us who can say we have met two world leaders - but Chris Fear could.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Join us this Saturday for a complimentary wine tasting!
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Wine Spectator 91 Points Rich yet stony, with a firm mineral edge framing the lemon zest, chive and grass flavors. Finely tuned, with a racy, flint-filled finish. Textbook.
Brendan & Xavier's Notes Opaque purple/ruby color followed by aromas of blackberry, black cherry, smoke, and licorice. Rustic, robust and rich in style with excellent concentration and length. Mineral notes are persistent on the finish.
Winemaker's Notes Very deep black-crimson, The Boxer shows a full spectrum of flavours from fresh berries and plum, to fig and blackberry jam, surrounded by cinnamon spice, licorice, and lovely warm oak with hints of cigar box and tobacco. Soft luscious palate-coating fruit with incredible depth, combined with creamy chocolate oak layers producing a complex wine with amazing power.


text:
Лука Питти (; ,  — , ) — богатый флорентийский банкир, живший во времена правления Козимо Медичи. За заслуги перед государством Лука Питти был произведен в рыцари, а также получал щедрые подарки от Синьории и Медичи в качестве награды за помощь правительству в последние годы правления Козимо Медичи, когда тот был слишком стар и слаб, чтобы удержать власть в одиночку. Он начал строительство фамильного дворца, но в 1549 году тот был продан семье Медичи.

Биография
Лука Питти обладал большим влиянием и властью и был главным соперником Козимо Медичи. В августе 1458 года с помощью своих сторонников он устроил заговор против Медичи, и добился избрания нового правительства. А сам стал гонфалоньером справедливости. Идеи восстановления демократии, которыми прикрывался Лука, заставили Козимо на некоторое время восстановить выборы по жребию. В результате заговора многие влиятельные флорентийцы были изгнаны, и многие другие были отстранены от власти.

В тот момент у Луки появился новый соперник — Джироламо Макиавелли, один из изгнанных. Тот отправился в соседние с Флоренцией княжества и принялся подстёгивать недовольных против нового правительства. Однако через некоторое время он был объявлен мятежником, предан и возвращён во Флоренцию, где таинственно умер в темнице.

Затем Питти был жалован дворянством и стал ещё богаче; Никколо Макиавелли в своём труде «История Флоренции» утверждает, что Лука получил сумму не менее чем в 20 тысяч дукатов. Таким образом, влияние и благосостояние Питти существенно увеличилось.

Тогда, чтобы превзойти ненавистных Медичи и ещё больше прославиться, он начал постройку великолепного дворца Питти, который стал самым большим зданием во Флоренции, когда-либо воздвигнутым частным лицом. Также он начал строительство красивой виллы в Ручано. Питти хотел, чтобы его дворец превзошёл дворец Медичи и по размерам, и по красоте. Придание гласит, что для его строительства Лука решил задействовать лучших архитекторов своего времени, которым он поручил сделать окна такого же размера, как двери у Медичи, а также построить внутренний дворик, который мог бы вместить в себе весь дворец Медичи на улице Виа Ларга. Предположение, что дизайн дворца был выполнен Филиппо Брунеллески, скорее всего неверно, так как на момент строительства он был уже 20 лет как мёртв. Действительный архитектор, по многим предположениям Лука Франчелли, в то время не был так известен, и новый дворец, хотя и внушал трепет, всё же не мог равняться с величественными резиденциями Медичи. Макиавелли также утверждает, что все изгнанные из Флоренции, к тому же и преступники, подлежащие преследованию, находили убежище во дворце, если могли быть полезны строительству. К тому же Макиавелли намекает на то, что в дальнейшем Питти также обогатился за счёт взяток и подарков в обмен на услуги. Эти обвинения могут быть и ложными и правдивыми; следует помнить, что Макиавелли, кроме того, что враждовал с Медичи, был ещё и родственником заклятого врага Питти Джироламо Макиавелли, который был скорее всего убит по приказу правительства, которое фактически контролировалось Лукой.

Существует теория, что Питти желал стать первым гражданином Флоренции и сделаться диктатором, но историческая наука и его действия не подтверждают её. После смерти Козимо Медичи в 1464 году, хотя он и был приверженцем возвращения к строгой и сильной форме республиканской власти, Питти поддерживал сына Козимо Пьеро ди Козимо Медичи, правившего республикой с момента смерти отца по 1469 год.

В 1471 году он участвовал в Совете Двадцати, собранном по поводу войны с Вольтеррой.

Процветание Питти начало гаснуть после смерти его покровителя Козимо Медичи. У него уже не хватало средств на завершение строительства дворца, так что в 1465 году работы были остановлены. Лука умер в 1472 году, так что он так и не увидел свой дворец во всей красе. Семейство Питти смогло пережить потрясения после свержения Медичи в 1494 году и становления тирании Джироламо Савонаролы. Сохраняя некоторую ограниченную власть и влияние, семья продолжила жить во дворце до 1549 года, когда обедневший потомок Луки Буонаккорсо Питти был вынужден продать дворец Элеоноре Толедской, жене великого герцога Тосканского Козимо I Медичи, который восстановил власть Медичи во Флоренции в 1537 году.

Примечания

Литература
 Salvadori Patrizia Dominio e patronato. — 2000. — Disponibile anche online
 Макиавелли Никколо История Флоренции

Ссылки

Банкиры Италии
Персоналии Италии XV века

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


And they box them up so prettily – with a wax seal and magnetic catch to reseal.
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next post: How does Latergram work? Is Planogram any good?


text:
using dlclose_func_t = int(void*);

extern "C" dlclose_func_t* Zoo(void* bar_lib) {
  printf("%s: Entering, library_handle=%p\n", __FUNCTION__, bar_lib);
  auto* bar_func = reinterpret_cast<void (*)()>(::dlsym(bar_lib, "Bar"));
  if (!bar_func) {
    fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: Could not find 'Bar' symbol in library\n");
    return nullptr;
  }
  printf("OK: Found 'Bar' symbol at @%p\n", bar_func);

  printf("OK: Closing library\n");
  int ret = dlclose(bar_lib);
  if (ret != 0) {
    printf("ERROR: Failed to close library: %s\n", dlerror());
    return nullptr;
  }

  dlclose_func_t* result = &::dlclose;
  printf("%s: Exiting, address of dlclose=%p\n", __FUNCTION__, result);

  // If the library is loaded with the crazy linker, this should return the
  // address of the wrapper function, not of the system dlclose one. This
  // will be checked by the caller.
  return result;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Le Sicale à croupion jaune (Sicalis uropigyalis) est une espèce de passereaux de la famille des Thraupidae.

Taxinomie

 synonymes
 Sicalis uropygialis.

Liens externes

Thraupidae


Here is a bit about nominee for secretary, Margaret Cluff.
I grew up on a 20-horse Morgan farm in California before moving to Utah in 2004. In 2011, I purchased my first Arabian cross and have been a bred devotee ever since. I've competed in both sport and main ring disciplines, qualifying for Arabian nationals in both training and 1st level dressage, as well as other non- dressage disciplines.
I have served on show committees for the Utah Arabian Horse Club, as well as in various organizations in California. I'm happy to bring organizational skills and a desire to serve the Utah dressage community.


text:
Hedong Subdistrict () is a subdistrict and the seat of Shuncheng District, Fushun, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. , it has six residential communities () under its administration.

See also
List of township-level divisions of Liaoning

References

Fushun
Township-level divisions of Liaoning


text:
3Aug 2021
In June I began looking for a car. My trusty Honda was rejected by the garage and towed to my driveway where it sits motionless. Brake lines. Rust. Fuel lines. So they say. I'm not a mechanic but I don't buck reality for too long. I switched from disbelief to search mode. Because even with delivery available for everything under the hot Florida sun, a car is still essential.
I knew what I wanted. I knew my price. Now I just had to look. As an online vendor in vintage, most of my inventory comes from estate sales and auctions. So the idea of car auctions had a comfortable appeal. There's one that presumably dominates the landscape with auctions in nearly every state and individual lots in major cities. I registered and began the search. As part of the process, I discovered VIN numbers and CarFax, the Kelly Blue Book pricing guide. There's even an application to estimate repairs per zip code. And I was off, favoriting likely buys, studying vehicle history, models and trim, engine size and gas mileage, noting whether air bags inflated with accidents, number of owners, maintenance, state where registered, whether personal or lease vehicle. I read about open recalls and lemons, life expectancy and size dimensions. While I inundated myself with massive amounts of car data, my favorites sold. Without exception. Poof! Gone.
That's when I changed focus. Off to the car lots. A few miles from my home lays a stretch of automobilia – one dealer after another, interspersed with independent lots crowding street corners.
Now I get to the heart of the story.
There are no cars.
Or very few cars. It's the same whether a Honda dealer or Toyota or Ford. The glittering swarm of new cars was instead a sweltering stretch of asphalt. Even the back lots were sparse. There were more used vehicles than new but these numbers were pitiful.
After touring the Honda dealership and the Toyota guys across the street, I wound up in the Ford lot. A salesman walked the length from the showroom to our idling SUV.
"Where are the cars?" By now, this was my only question. No haggling over price or discussion of options or dismal financing queries. Just "Where are the cars?"
"Chips." The salesman talks about a freeze in chips, then something about a fire in a factory. New car production is at a near standstill.
"We don't get many new cars," he says, "and the minute they hit the lot, they're sold. Fleets of them are purchased."
We take his business card as an act of pure courtesy and drive off the barren lot.
I'm thinking about Trump and his tariff war, about Harley Davidson plants that close their doors and moved overseas. I'm recalling factories here in the US that had to shut down production, merge employees from one state to another. When was that? A year ago, two years ago?
And now, it seems the proverbial shit has hit the fan.
Back at home, I do a little digging. The newspapers are spotted with alerts. The Detroit Free Press put out an explainer two months ago: "Everything you need to know about the chip shortage that's plaguing automakers."
It blames the shortage on Covid-19. However, the story strains creduality. Something about auto makers canceling orders for chips because of the virus and then putting their orders in simultaneously, which overwhelmed the chip makers.
Really? Doesn't sound plausible. Can't they do a better job of regulating supplies?
What makes more sense is this statement by Joe McCabe, the CEO of AutoForecast Solutions LLC.
"Global chip production is monopolized by a few global, Asia-Pacific suppliers," said McCabe.
More details from the article explain that "raw materials for the semiconductor business often come from Japan and Mexico, with the chips made in Taiwan, China and some in the U.S."
Well this jibes with Trump's disastrous tariff war. And yes, there was a fire. A chipmaker in Japan suffered extensive damage but was to be back in full production last June.
The shortage is hurting American car manufacturers across the map and coincidentally, driving up the price of used cars.
"The chip shortage demonstrated our exposure to a limited domestic production capacity to the point where it has turned into an issue of national security," McCabe said.
But it's not just cars. Think about it. Chips are everywhere – and I'm not talking potatoes.
Look at these headlines for perspective:
"Apple's iPhone hot streak is going to run into the global chip shortage" – CNBC, 7/27/2021
"No end to global chip shortage before H1 2023, STMicro CEO says" – Reuters, 7/29/2021
"Intel chief warns of two-year chip shortage" – BBC, 7/29/2021
"Chip Shortage Update: GM To Temporarily Shut Down Most North American Truck Production" – IBT, 7/22/2021
"Apple and Tesla Are the Chip Shortage's Latest Victims" – the Wall Street Journal, 7/29/2021
The semi conductor famine affects every device that relies on smart circuitry to perform. While North American automakers are losing billions in lost sales, the same scenario is facing laptop and smartphone makers, smart home systems, gaming devices, home appliances and the entire panoply of consumer electronics. Then there's the lifesaving medical equipment and nuclear power plants. And, of course, the platforms that bring us the internet. We can only hope they've stockpiled chips.
It's a big deal. It also affects the employment numbers as GM and Ford plants stop making trucks and dealerships idle in still waters, waiting for inventory.
My venture into the used car market became an education into supply chains and global commerce. I dipped my toes in an empty car lot and emerged gobsmacked at the enormity of the problem. And it's not ending anytime soon according to news reports. The chip famine will continue through 2022 at the earliest with some predicting it will extend through 2023. While most reports attribute the shortage to Covid and a fire at a Japanese plant, neither seems plausible. The Renesas factory blaze occurred in March 2021 when the shortage was well underway. It resumed production a month later.
A likelier scenario relates to the former administration's tariff war with China and retribution by the Asian nation. That fiasco preceded Trump banning the Chinese 5G smartphone maker Huawei in May 2019
This paragraph from the BBC draws a direct line between Trump's actions and the chip shortage:
"US trade restrictions placed on the telecoms firm Huawei and chip-maker SMIC, among others, have caused other Chinese companies to stockpile supplies of their own."
I will find a car before automakers and the electronics world recover. Those industries will benefit from the new administration and his commitment to domestic semiconductor chip manufacture. Meanwhile the guy behind this mess, the one who foolishly tangled with the dragon, oblivious to global supply chains, well he's still huffing and puffing. If Americans want their PlayStation and Alexa and F-150 Lightning, they will never again allow his Sharpie near an Executive Order.
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text:
The Apollo Hosts A Special Conversation with Black Panther's Chadwick Boseman
The Apollo Theater Presents in Collaboration with The Atlantic:
Black Panther Community Screening Followed By A Special Conversation Featuring the Film's Star Chadwick Boseman and Journalist Ta-Nehisi Coates
Tuesday, February 27 at 7:30PM EST at the Apollo
#BlackPantherAtApollo
New York, NY and Washington, D.C. (February 22, 2018)—As Black Panther continues to land rapturous praise and smash box office records in its opening days, the Apollo Theater in collaboration with The Atlantic will present a discussion about the film with its star Chadwick Boseman in conversation with The Atlantic's national correspondent and author Ta-Nehisi Coates. The event will take place on Tuesday, February 27 at 7:30PM EST at the Apollo.
As part of this initiative, the Apollo and The Atlantic are making courtesy tickets available to a number of Harlem organizations where they will screen the film at the AMC Harlem 9 before proceeding to the Apollo's famed stage for the conversation featuring Boseman and Coates. In addition to community groups, tickets for the panel discussion will go on sale to the general public this Friday, February 23 at 10AM EST. Ticket information is below.
Additionally, Afropunk, the culture collective and presenter of global arts festivals, will participate as a marketing partner.
Black Panther, which has been heralded as embracing diversity in film and encouraging critical conversations about the state of the current cinematic landscape, provides a significant topic of discussion for both the Apollo Theater's Harlem stage and The Atlantic. This event continues The Apollo's long history as a facilitator and community convener for conversations on important, socially and culturally-relevant issues to Harlem, New York, and the nation. Similarly, throughout its 160 years, The Atlantic has been a vehicle for the most urgent writing on matters of race, justice, and equality—and has sparked global conversation on the most consequential issues of our time.
"We are delighted to welcome Chadwick and Ta-Nehisi to the Apollo to build upon the already-burgeoning conversation about this important film," said Apollo Theater Executive Producer Kamilah Forbes. "The Apollo has always been an important convener for the Harlem community, and the cultural phenomenon around Black Panther is an incredibly relevant and rich topic for discussion that directly addresses the representation of black people in everyday media—something that is substantial not only for our Harlem neighborhood, but for our country at large."
This special event is open to press. To request a press seat, please contact the Apollo or The Atlantic media leads below.
Boseman stars as T'Challa, the first black superhero in the Marvel franchise—a performance which, like the film, is receiving nearly universal acclaim. Boseman will be interviewed by Coates, national correspondent for The Atlantic and current scribe of Black Panther comics, whose writing and depiction of the fictional African nation of Wakanda influenced the film.
In a piece on the power and provocation of the Black Panther, The Atlantic's Vann Newkirk wrote that "the very idea of a global African diaspora creates the most fertile of grounds for a field of what-ifs. … On a deeper level, the fictional African nation of Wakanda is the same Atlantean archetype that has always haunted this diaspora. And like all variations on that archetypal story, Black Panther is a fantasy about black power."
Tickets for Black Panther in Conversation are on sale tomorrow, Friday, February 23 at 10:00AM EST and are available at the Apollo Theater Box Office, 253 West 125th Street, and Ticketmaster at 1-800-745-3000 or www.ticketmaster.com. All tickets are $20.00 general admission seating. Additional service fees for online and phone orders will apply.
About The Apollo Theater
The legendary Apollo Theater—the soul of American culture—plays a vital role in cultivating emerging artists and launching legends. Since its founding, the Apollo has served as a center of innovation and a creative catalyst for Harlem, the city of New York, and the world.
With music at its core, the Apollo's programming extends to dance, theater, spoken word, and more. This includes special programs such as the blockbuster concert Bruno Mars Live at the Apollo, 100: The Apollo Celebrates Ella, the annual Africa Now! Festival, and the recent New York premiere of the opera We Shall Not Be Moved. The Apollo is a performing arts presenting organization that also produces festivals and large-scale dance and music works organized around a set of core initiatives that celebrate and extend the Apollo's legacy through a contemporary lens; global festivals including the Women of the World (WOW) Festival and Breakin' Convention, international and U.S.-based artist presentations focused on a specific theme; and Special Projects, multidisciplinary collaborations with partner organizations.
Since introducing the first Amateur Night contests in 1934, the Apollo Theater has served as a testing ground for new artists working across a variety of art forms and has ushered in the emergence of many new musical genres—including jazz, swing, bebop, R&B, gospel, blues, soul, and hip-hop. Among the countless legendary performers who launched their careers at the Apollo are D'Angelo, Lauryn Hill, Machine Gun Kelly, Miri Ben Ari, Ella Fitzgerald, Sarah Vaughan, Billie Holiday, James Brown, Michael Jackson, Gladys Knight, Luther Vandross, and Stevie Wonder; and the Apollo's forward-looking artistic vision continues to build on this legacy.
About The Atlantic
Founded in 1857 and today one of the fastest growing media platforms in the industry, The Atlantic has throughout its history championed the power of big ideas and continues to shape global debate across print, digital, events, and video platforms. With its award-winning digital presence TheAtlantic.com and CityLab.com on cities around the world, The Atlantic is a multimedia forum on the most critical issues of our times—from politics, business, urban affairs, and the economy, to technology, arts, and culture. The Atlantic is celebrating its 160th anniversary. Bob Cohn is president of The Atlantic and Jeffrey Goldberg is editor in chief.
Tags: Black Panther, Chadwick Boseman, The Apollo
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All posts in Grenada
September 6, 2017 · No comments
New Tropical Storm Forms Behind Hurricane Irma
FLORIDA, United States, Tuesday September 5, 2017 – Even as the Leeward Islands prepares for the impact of a dangerous Category 5 Hurricane Irma, the 10th tropical storm of the 2017 Atlantic season has formed and based on current projections, […]
Health Facilities in Seven Caribbean Countries to be Made Disaster Resistant
The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) has selected 16 hospitals and health centers in seven Caribbean countries to make them safer, greener and more resilient to natural disasters. It's
Electronic Medical Records implemented in Grenada
May 15, 2017 · No comments
ST. GEORGE'S, GRENADA, May 10, 2017 - GIS: Grenada's health care system, on May 9, embarked upon a more reliable, readily accessible and accountable approach to medical records
Dr Trevor Layne: A Grenadian trailblazer
Dr Trevor Layne a trailblazer who is changing the world with medical breakthrough and social change. He has dedicated his life to the war on cancer. The
First Zika-related Microcephaly Case Recorded In Grenada
One Caribbean country has confirmed its first case of Zika-related microcephaly, while another is investigating a possible case. Grenada has confirmed that a baby was born with the birth
Thermocycler device provides zika testing in Grenada
August 5, 2016 · No comments
St George's University and Windward Islands Research and Education Foundation (WINDREF), in collaboration with the ministry of health, have partnered with Tetracore to build capacity towards diagnostics and
Gastroenteritis outbreak reported in Grenada
Health officials in Grenada are stepping up their response to manage and control what appears to be an increase in the number of gastroenteritis cases (gastro/stomach flu) in
Zika suspected in death of patient in Grenada
July 11, 2016 · No comments
ST. GEORGE'S, Grenada, Jul 8, CMC – Grenada says it is yet to determine whether one of two people who was being treated for Guillain-Barré syndrome died as
CDC issues zika travel alert for Grenada
Following reports that local mosquito transmission of zika virus infection has been reported in Grenada, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on Thursday posted a
Grenada confirms first zika case
May 6, 2016 · No comments
The ministry of health has advised that Grenada has reported its first laboratory confirmed case of zika virus infection. A 27-year-old female non-Grenadian was diagnosed as the island's
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text:
The House With A Clock In Its Walls
byJohn BellairsIllustratorEdward Gorey
August 3, 2004|
1% of net proceeds from this book helps children in high-needs communities through the Indigo Love of Reading Foundation
A haunting gothic tale by master mysery writer John Bellairs--soon to be a major motion picture starring Cate Blanchett and Jack Black!
"The House With a Clock in Its Walls will cast its spell for a long time."--The New York Times Book Review
When Lewis Barnavelt, an orphan. comes to stay with his uncle Jonathan, he expects to meet an ordinary person. But he is wrong. Uncle Jonathan and his next-door neighbor, Mrs. Zimmermann, are both magicians! Lewis is thrilled. At first, watchng magic is enough. Then Lewis experiments with magic himself and unknowingly resurrects the former owner of the house: a woman named Selenna Izard. It seems that Selenna and her husband built a timepiece into the walls--a clock that could obliterate humankind. And only the Barnavelts can stop it!
John Bellairs (1938-1991) was the critically acclaimed, best-selling author of many Gothic novels for middle-graders, including the novels starring Johnny Dixon and Lewis Barnavelt.
Title:The House With A Clock In Its Walls
Product dimensions:192 pages, 7.81 X 5.13 X 0.5 in
Shipping dimensions:192 pages, 7.81 X 5.13 X 0.5 in
Published:August 3, 2004
Publisher:Penguin Young Readers Group
Appropriate for ages:9 - 12


We continue to be amazed at the many creative, fun, and valuable ways that people are using SmartThings! From the ordinary to the extraordinary, we want to highlight your SmartThings pictures and videos for the world to see… so we're starting a contest!
Just e-mail us a picture or a link to a video that shows off your SmartThings setup, and we'll enter you in a contest to win a 2-pack of your choice of sensors! We'll announce the grand-prize winner on the blog on Friday, May 22 [UPDATE: Tuesday, May 26] and highlight three of our favorite runners up, who will all get SmartThings T-shirts.
The contest is open only to US residents who are of the age of majority or older in the jurisdiction in which they reside and excludes any SmartThings employees (sorry, Alex). Images, videos, and graphics that you send to us can be new content that you shoot or film for this contest or content that has already been posted on your own personal site/blog, or on other channels (i.e., Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, Pinterest, Vine, etc.), so long as the image, video or graphic that you submit is an original work created by you (i.e., the image, video or graphic is owned by you or you have the right to submit the image, video or graphic and grant the rights therein).


The ViviLux® 3-in-1 Rechargeable Laser System is unique in the Sewing / Quilting market place and will be the new MUST HAVE notion. Based on the same super compact rechargeable battery platform as our ViviLux® Super Bright Flexible Craft Light, the 3-in-1 Rechargeable Laser is the only positionable rechargeable battery laser light on the market.
The 3-in-1 Rechargeable Laser has replaceable heads, giving you a 1mm laser dot, 1mm laser line, and laser cross-hairs, all with the simple screw-on heads.


text:
Telecommunications in Angola
Title: Telecommunications in Angola
Subject: Telecommunications in Benin, Telecommunications in Algeria, Telecommunications in São Tomé and Príncipe, Telecommunications in Malawi, Telecommunications in Somaliland
Collection: Internet by Country, Internet Censorship by Country, Telecommunications by Country, Telecommunications in Africa, Telecommunications in Angola
Telecommunications in Angola include telephone, radio, television, and the Internet. The government controls all broadcast media with a nationwide reach.
In 2001, toward the end of Angolan Civil War, the government began adopting regulations to liberalize the telecom industry. This enabled private investments to revitalize the country's telecommunications infrastructure which had been severely damaged by the decades-long conflict. By 2012, Angola had one of the largest mobile telecom markets in sub-Saharan Africa and Internet access was growing steadily. The Ministry of Post and Telecommunications (MCT) oversees the telecommunications sector which is regulated by the Angolan National Institute of Telecommunication (INACOM).[1]
Internet censorship and surveillance 5.1
SAT-3 WASC route. Point 11 is Launda, Angola.
29 satellite earth stations (2009).[2]
SAT-3/WASC fiber optic submarine cable provides connectivity to Europe and Asia.[2]
AngoSat, Angola's first communication satellite, built by Rosoboronexport, is scheduled to launch in 2016.[3]
Angola Telecom is one of twelve companies participating in the West Africa Cable System (WACS) consortium, a submarine communications cable running along the west coast of Africa and on to Portugal and the United Kingdom.[4] The landing station for the older Sat3 cable, located at Cacuaco in Luanda, is operated by Angola Telecom.[5]
Angola Cables is an operator of fiber optic telecommunication systems formed in 2009 by the major Angolan telecommunication companies, Angola Telecom (51%), Unitel (31%), MSTelcom (9%), Movicel (6%), and Mundo Startel (3%).[6] On 23 March 2012 Angola Cables signed an agreement to participate in the construction of the South Atlantic Cable System (SACS) of about 6000 km length linking Fortaleza in Brazil with the Angolan capital Luanda. This cable is planned to be operational from the 2014 world football championship in Brazil.[7][8]
ADONES (Angola Domestic Network System) consists of 1,800 kilometers of fiber-optic submarine cable linking eight Angolan coastal cities. About 70 percent of Angolans live close to the sea.[9]
Other planned fibre optic cables to Angola include SAex and ACE.
303,200 fixed lines, 116th in the world, two lines per 100 persons (2011).[2]
9.5 million mobile cellular lines, 78th in the world, 50 lines per 100 persons (2011).).[2]
International country code: 244.[2]
Angola Telecom, the state-owned telecom, held a monopoly for fixed-line telephone service until 2005. Demand outstripped capacity, prices were high, and services poor. Telecom Namibia, through an Angolan company, became the first private licensed operator in Angola's fixed-line telephone network. By 2010, the number of fixed-line providers had expanded to five; Angola Telecom established mobile-cellular service in Luanda in 1993 and the network has been extended to larger towns. A privately owned, mobile-cellular service provider began operations in 2001.[2] HF radiotelephone is used extensively for military links.
21 AM, 6 FM, and 7 shortwave radio broadcast stations (2001)
630,000 radios (1997)
The state-owned Radio Nacional de Angola (RNA) broadcasts on 5 stations. Roughly a half dozen private radio stations broadcast locally.[2]
6 television broadcast stations (2000)
150,000 televisions (1997)
The state-owned Televisão Pública de Angola (TPA) provides terrestrial TV service on two channels and a third TPA channel is available via cable and satellite. TV subscription services are also available.[2]
Internet hosts: 20,703 hosts, 116th in the world (2012).[2]
Internet users: 3,058,195 users, 78th in the world; 16.9% of the population, 151st in the world (2012).[10]
Fixed broadband: 27,987 subscriptions, 124th in the world; 0.2% of the population, 162nd in the world (2012).[11]
Mobile broadband: 278,966 subscriptions, 108th in the world; 1.5% of the population, 129th in the world (2012).[12]
Top level domain name: .ao.[2]
First introduced in 1996, the Internet reached a penetration rate of 16.9 percent in 2012, up from just over 3 percent in 2007, according to the International Telecommunications Union (ITU). Fixed-line broadband subscriptions, however, remain low with a penetration rate of only 0.2 percent in 2012, and are largely concentrated in the capital city, Luanda, due to the country's high poverty rate and poor infrastructure in rural areas. Mobile Internet access is higher at 1.5% and access to mobile phones is much higher with a penetration rate of 49% in 2012.[1]
In June 2012, Unitel launched a project in partnership with the education ministry and Huawei to provide free Internet access for secondary school students in both public and private schools across the country's 18 provinces. Known as "E-Net," the project aims to benefit over 18,000 students with computers supplied by Huawei and Internet access provided by Unitel.[1]
Citizens have increasingly taken to the Internet as a platform for political debate, to express discontent with the country's current state of affairs, and to launch digital activism initiatives. Similar to many other African countries, Angolan youth have embraced social media tools and used them to fuel protest movements across the country. The positive impact of digital media tools in Angola was particularly noticeable during the August 2012 parliamentary elections when the Internet was used in innovative ways to advance electoral transparency. For example, citizens were able to report electoral irregularities in real time, while the National Electoral Commission used the Internet and iPads to scan voter registration cards.[1]
Internet access in Angola is provided by various telecommunications companies and private ISP's.
Telecommunication companies:
Angola Telecom, the state-owned telecommunications provider
Itelnet
MS Telcom, Sonangol owned provider, main focus on oil and gas sector
Internet Service Providers:
ITA - Internet Technologies Angola, privately owned with a focus on corporate services
Multitel, corporate focused ISP, subsidiary of Angola Telecom
MVcomm
NetOne, residential WiMAX services
TV-Cabo, residential TV and Internet services, subsidiary of Angola Telecom
Internet censorship and surveillance
In its Freedom on the Net 2013 report, Freedom House rates Angola's "Internet freedom status" as "partly free".[1]
The constitution and law provide for freedom of speech and press, however, state dominance of most media outlets and self-censorship by journalists limits these rights in practice.[13]
There are no government restrictions on access to the Internet or credible reports that the government monitors e-mail or chat rooms without judicial oversight.[13] And aside from child pornography and copyrighted material, the government does not block or filter Internet content and there are no restrictions on the type of information that can be exchanged. Social media and communications apps such as YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, and international blog-hosting services are all freely available. There are no issues of intermediary liability for service or content providers, nor are there known instances of take-down notices issued for the removal of online content. The government does deliberately take down its own content when it wants to prevent the public from accessing certain government information.[1]
Censorship of traditional news and information sources is common, leading to worries that similar efforts to control online information will eventually emerge. Defamation, libel, and insulting the country or president in "public meetings or by disseminating words, images, writings, or sound" are crimes punishable by imprisonment. In April 2013 news reports said that the Angolan intelligence services were planning to implement an electronic monitoring system that could track e-mail and other digital communications, using equipment and expertize from Germany. A proposed "Law to Combat Crime in the Area of Information Technologies and Communication" was introduced by the National Assembly in March 2011. Often referred to as the cybercrime bill, the law was ultimately withdrawn in May 2011 as a result of international pressure and vocal objections from civil society. However, the government publicly stated that similar clauses regarding cybercrimes will be incorporated into an ongoing revision of the penal code, leaving open the possibility of Internet-specific restrictions becoming law in the future. The proposed law would have increased penalties for offenses in the criminal code when the offenses were committed using electronic media. The proposed law would have given authorities the ability to intercept information from private devices without a warrant and to prosecute individuals for objectionable speech expressed using electronic and on social media. Sending an electronic message interpreted as an effort to "endanger the integrity of national independence or to destroy or influence the functionality of state institutions" would have yielded a penalty of two to eight years in prison, in addition to fines.[1]
Human rights in Angola
Media of Angola
This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the CIA World Factbook.
^ a b c d e f g "Angola", Freedom on the Net 2013, Freedom House, 2013. Retrieved 25 October 2013.
^ a b c d e f g h i j "Angola", World Factbook, U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 25 October 2013.
^ "Angosat construction starts, target launch in 2016", Satellite Launches, 27 December 2012. Retrieved 25 October 2013.
^ "Telecom Namibia Deploys Fiber-Optic Cable for High-Speed Broadband Connectivity". England: Wireless Federation. 28 February 2011. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
^ "Sistema de Cabos da África Ocidental entra na fase final" [Cable system in Western Africa in final phase] (in Portuguese). Luanda, Angola: Angop. 27 October 2012. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
^ Manje, Bernardino (30 June 2012). "Cabo de fibra óptica melhora a Internet" [Fiber optic cable improves Internet access] (in Portuguese). Luanda, Angola: Jornal de Angola. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
^ "Subsea World News - Subsea Cable to Link Brazil and Angola". Subseaworld News. 26 March 2012. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
^ "Brazil-Angola undersea cable link planned". London, Great Britain: Global Telecoms Business. 28 March 2012. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
^ http://www.subtelforum.com/articles/2009/wfn-strategies-to-develop-and-operate-remote-network-operations-center-for-the-adones-cable-system/
^ "Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 2000-2012", International Telecommunications Union (Geneva), June 2013, retrieved 22 June 2013
^ "Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 2012", Dynamic Report, ITU ITC EYE, International Telecommunication Union. Retrieved on 29 June 2013.
^ "Active mobile-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 2012", Dynamic Report, ITU ITC EYE, International Telecommunication Union. Retrieved on 29 June 2013.
^ a b "Angola", Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2012, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 25 October 2013.
Angola topics
Precolonial history
Kwanza (currency)
Lists of Angolans
Currency: Angolan kwanza
Banco Nacional de Angola
Banco Angolano de Investimentos
Banco Angolano de Negócios e Comércio
Banco BIC
Banco do Brasil, SA
Banco Comercial Angolano
Banco de Comércio e Indústria
Banco de Desenvolvimento de Angola
Banco Espírito Santo Angola
Banco de Fomento Angola
Banco Kwanza Invest
Banco Paribas
Banco Privado Atlântico
Banco de Poupança e Crédito
Banco de Negócios Internacional
Banco Regional do Keve
Banco Sol
Banco Totta de Angola
Banco Millenium Angola
Banco VTB África
Finibanco Angola
History of Trade
Telecommunications in Africa
Canary Islands / Ceuta / Melilla / Plazas de soberanía (Spain)
Madeira (Portugal)
Mayotte / Réunion (France)
Saint Helena / Ascension Island / Tristan da Cunha (United Kingdom)
Communications satellite
Electrical telegraph
Hydraulic telegraph
Optical telecommunication
Optical telegraphy
Prepaid mobile phone
Telecommunications history
The Telephone Cases
Timeline of communication technology
Undersea telegraph line
John Logie Baird
Jagadish Chandra Bose
Vint Cerf
Claude Chappe
Lee de Forest
Philo Farnsworth
Reginald Fessenden
Elisha Gray
Alexander Stepanovich Popov
Johann Philipp Reis
Camille Papin Tissot
Alfred Vail
Charles Wheatstone
Vladimir K. Zworykin
Free-space optical
Terrestrial microwave
Terminal node
Network switching (circuit
packet)
Telephone exchange
Orbital angular-momentum
Public Switched Telephone
Telecommunications in Asia
East Timor (Timor-Leste)
States with
limited recognition
Telecommunications in Europe
Telecommunications in North America
Telecommunications in Oceania
Associated states of New Zealand
Dependencies and other territories
Telecommunications in South America
Internet censorship by country
Congo RO
WorldHeritage articles incorporating text from the World Factbook
CS1 Portuguese-language sources (pt)
World Wide Web, File sharing, Instant messaging, Email, IPv6
Portugal, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Luanda, Portuguese language, Zambia
Telecommunications in Egypt
Egypt, Telecommunications in Armenia, Telecommunications in Azerbaijan, Telecommunications in China, Telecommunications in Cyprus
United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories, Puerto Rico, European Union, Antarctica, United Nations
Telecommunications in Benin
Telecommunications in, Telecommunication, Internet, Benin, Telecommunications in Algeria
Telecommunications in Algeria
Telecommunications in, Internet, Algeria, Italy, France
Telecommunications in São Tomé and Príncipe
Telecommunications in, Telecommunication, Internet, Telecommunications in Algeria, Telecommunications in Angola
Telecommunications in Malawi
Telecommunications in Egypt, Dependent territory, Telecommunication, Internet, Malawi
Telecommunications in Somaliland
Somalia, Telecommunications in Egypt, Telecommunication, Internet, Telecommunications


text:
Welcome to the oldest university in Bosnia and Herzegovina!
Through its many years of tradition, the University of Sarajevo has been educating and contributing to the society a large number of eminent experts in almost all areas, both on the domestic and the international academic stage. Therefore, I believe that our commitment to the production of contemporary and dynamic study programs, which are in line with world standards, is our duty and obligation that has no alternative.
Only those countries that have invested in the education of their creative people can today boast a high standard of living and market competitiveness. This is why our basic mission and vision is to put young people in the focus of learning and research so as to enable them to acquire the competence to answer to all the human and academic challenges that may emerge before them in the future. The success of our students in their lives is the measure of our success, therefore we are constantly working on the improvement and development of study conditions that do not lag behind the top European principles of acquiring knowledge.
Therefore, my dear future students, I urge you to take a responsible approach to the education process and take advantage of the wide range of opportunities for acquiring knowledge provided by our University. By choosing the University of Sarajevo, you not only become part of a proud student and academic community with more than 27,000 students, but you also place your intellectual curiosity and scientific knowledge into a leadership role that every modern and developed society craves for.
Be happy and proud of becoming a part of the University of Sarajevo and contributing to the development of scientific, professional and ethical thought in our country and beyond.
You certainly already know that our, but now also your University in Sarajevo is the oldest, the largest, the best ranked, the most prestigious, the most diverse and the best university in Bosnia and Herzegovina ... And this is why!
THE OLDEST! It was established in 1949, which is a testimony of the general social and cultural development of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It also follows the European humanistic tradition of the Humboldt University, continually taking care of linking research and education, and in this way strengthens and enhances the Bosnian academic community. The University of Sarajevo is also the driver of the establishment of new universities: Mostar, Banja Luka and Tuzla, and represents the alma mater of all public universities in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
THE LARGEST! The University of Sarajevo is composed of 25 faculties and academies, as full members of the University, five institutes, three university centres, five associate members, and five other members.
BEST RANKED! Ranking lists on which the University of Sarajevo has been entered put it above all other universities in Bosnia and Herzegovina,. The Webometrics Ranking of World Universities puts the University of Sarajevo among the top 8% of all ranked universities in the world.
MOST PRESTIGIOUS! About 27,000 students are currently studying at the University of Sarajevo. Since its inception, more than 160,000 graduates, over 16,000 masters and over 3,000 doctors of science have graduated. The University of Sarajevo has institutional accreditation as well as international accreditation of certain study programmes conducted at faculties and academies of the University of Sarajevo. 40% of all teachers in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina are teaching at the University. Foreign students from countries in the region, but also from the USA, Italy, Brazil, Kenya, Syria and many other places, approximately 1,000 of them, are studying at our University. At the international level, the University of Sarajevo has more than 150 agreements on cooperation with prestigious universities throughout the world.
MOST DIVERSE! It is comprehensive because humanistic, social, medical, natural, mathematical and biotechnical, as well as technical sciences and arts can be studied at its faculties and academies, which provide the possibility of enrolling in a selected study in more than 500 study programmes. Students at our University can study as full-time, self-financing and part-time students, and it is also possible to choose Distance Learning Studies (distance learning) as well as study in English in a number of study programmes. And finally, the diploma obtained after graduation is recognised in the European Higher Education Area.
THE BEST! As a University applying the principles of the Bologna Declaration, we provide out students the opportunity to enjoy quality higher education, develop their ideas and perfect their competencies. Students are offered the possibility of international exchange through numerous mobility projects. One of them is Erasmus Mundus, in which our University has been participating since 2008. The University of Sarajevo provides the possibility of student scholarships through its own funds: "Suada Dilberović" and "Academician Edhem Čamo".
Dear future students, it is now up to you to choose what you want and love.
Welcome to the University of Sarajevo!
RECTOR OF THE UNIVERSITY
Prof. dr. Rifat Škrijelj


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COMIC-CON 2008: EXCLUSIVE VIDEO: Interview with the Cast of ABC Family's 'Samurai Girl'
COMIC-CON 2008: EXCLUSIVE VIDEO: Interview with the Cast of ABC Family's Samurai Girl
ABC Family will be unveiling Samurai Girl mini-series this September, but we got a sneak peak into the series while at Comic-Con, including the chance to sit down and talk to the stars of the series - Jamie Chung (Dragonball), Brendan Fehr (Roswell) and Stacey Keibler (WWE, Dancing with the Stars). To watch the interviews, click on the players below.
Based on a series of popular young-adult novels, Samurai Girl follows the journey of 19 year-old Heaven (Jamie Chung), the sheltered adopted daughter of one of Japan's wealthiest and most powerful families. Protected and watched over at all times by her loving but enigmatic father, Heaven is raised in opulent but confined surroundings, with every detail of her life tended to and extravagantly provided for in the tradition of Japan's hierarchal society. But when Heaven finds herself in San Francisco for her arranged wedding to the son of one of her father's business associates, she has no idea that her protected life is about to be shattered and that her past is linked to an ancient secret prophecy which both good and evil forces will fight to the death to control. Brendan Fehr plays Jake Stanton, Heaven's mentor and love interest and Stacy Keibler plays Karen, Heaven's romantic rival and nemesis. Samurai Girl begins on ABC Family on September 5, 2008.
Topics: Comic-Con
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You can start giving now!
Have you dreamed of making history? Of course, we all have. And now we have a chance to be a part of greater New Haven's day of giving, The Great Give®—an opportunity to unite our community around causes in which we truly believe and help nonprofit organizations connect to the larger community.
We need your help! Please join our campaign and help us raise the money necessary to continue—and expand—our programming and preserve—and expand!—our incredible film archive! We need you to tell your friends and family members about the value we have for the community and ask them to join us in helping to make a difference.
The Great Give®, organized by the Community Foundation for Greater New Haven, runs from May 1-May 2, 2019 from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m.. Advance gifts can be made for The Great Give® beginning April 19, 2019; advance gifts will count toward grand prize calculations, but will not be counted toward hourly prize incentives.
To contribute to Best Video Film & Cultural Center during The Great Give®, go to TheGreatGive.org and enter "Best Video" in the Search field to find our page. Or just click on the graphic in this post to be taken directly to our Great Give® page.
BVFCC will endeavor to stoke enthusiasm for The Great Give® with two Happy Hour events, one on Wed., Apr. 24, from 5-7 PM, and the second on the first day of The Great Give®, Wed., May 1, from 5-7 PM. Come on down to BVFCC on those days for drink specials, tasty snacks, socializing, and—if you can—your laptop or smartphone to make a Great Give® donation to support BVFCC!
Have you dreamed of making history? Of course, we all have. And now we have a chance to be a part of greater New Haven's day of giving—an opportunity to unite our community around causes in which we truly believe and help nonprofit organizations connect to the larger community.
The Great Give® is BVFCC's major spring fundraiser—help us make it a successful one to strengthen our bottom line for the rest of the year.
Get ready to give! On May 1-May 2, starting at 8AM on May 1, visit The Great Give® and make a donation to us and/or to any of the great participating nonprofit organizations in greater New Haven. You will have 36 hours to make your donation, and all giving will end at 7:59PM on May 2.
As part of our The Great Give® campaign, we will host two Happy Hours at BVFCC on consecutive Tuesdays, Apr. 24 and May 1. Starting on Apr. 23, supporters can schedule their donations in advance if they think they may be unable to participate in The Great Give® during the official 36-hour event. And on Tuesday, May 1, we will try and shoot for the $1,000 Happy Hour Prize for the most individual donors between 5 and 7 PM on that day. Come to BVFCC for each Happy Hour and enjoy snacks, schmoozing and reduced price drinks at our cafe.
Per above, The Great Give® takes place online over 36 hours Tuesday through Wednesday, May 1-2. Online giving is where most of the action is for this fundraising marathon organized by the Community Foundation for Greater New Haven. But here at Best Video Film & Cultural Center, we like to encourage real world, interpersonal interaction, too. As part of that, we are holding two Happy Hours—on Tuesday, Apr. 24, and Tuesday, May 1—to stoke enthusiasm for The Great Give®—and have fun at the same time.
Come join us at BVFCC on Tuesday, Apr. 24, from 5-7 PM for our The Great Give® Kick-Off Happy Hour. We'll have munchies, drink specials and neighborliness. And if you think you won't be able to give during the Great Give®'s 36-hour window, we can tell you how you can schedule your gift in advance. And then stick around, if you like, for the Stacy Phillips & His Bluegrass Characters show that starts at 7:30 PM.
Best Video Performance Space is proud to be hosting a benefit for Steve Rodgers, former owner of The Space, The Outer Space and The Ballroom. The event—which feature a diverse lineup of nine musical acts—will be held this Sunday, Apr. 15, from 3-10 PM. Suggested donation is $10 – give what you can! A parallel event will also be held at Toad's Place; paying the donation can get you into both events.
Steve Rodgers has been a pivotal figure in the greater New Haven music scene since his days in the 1990s leading the group Mighty Purple with his brother Jonny. As proprietor of the all-ages The Space—and, more recently also The Outer Space and The Ballroom—Steve has worked day and night to provide a welcoming venue for local music in an array of genres.
But Steve's efforts have come at some cost to himself, both in terms of debt and a toll on his personal health. Now that he has ceded ownership of the venues, members of the local music community are coming together to raise funds to help out Steve in this time of transition.
Despite the fact that Steve could have seen the creation of Best Video Performance Space as a rival, he was nothing but supportive of our efforts. Steve went so far as to lend us—at no charge—a PA mixer when our first one went on the fritz. We are honored to be able to help out.
Please join us on Saturday, November 18, 2017, from 7-10 PM, in celebration of the second anniversary of Best Video Film and Cultural Center (BVFCC), a non-profit created to preserve Best Video's rich archive and explore new ways to bring people, film, and music together. The celebration will take place at The Ballroom at The Outer Space in Hamden.
Tickets are $25 but please consider making a donation over and above that amount. Supporters who donate over $100 — or have donated over $100 this year — will receive complementary admission to the show. Donations in excess of the value of admission are tax-deductible as allowed by law. You can purchase tickets online here.
BVFCC was officially recognized as a tax-deductible non-profit by the IRS in 2016.
We have increased our programming with over 120 music events; more film screenings with larger turnouts and great discussions; more lectures on films by Yale Prof. Mark Schenker; and increased use of the Performance Space by community groups.
We organized a film festival — BestFest Student Films, which had its initial event on Dec. 10, 2016 — to showcase the work of local high school students. In addition, educators and filmmakers involved in the organizing of BestFest Student Films offered several free filmmaking workshops for students.
A lineup of superb local artists have offered to donate their talent for this event: bluegrass group Five in the Chamber, klezmer big band Nu Haven Kapelye, indie rock chamber group Olive Tiger, and the string quartet rock band The Tet Offensive. We will also be showing locally made short films between musical acts.
Steve Rodgers, owner of The Space and The Outer Space, has generously donated use of The Ballroom for our gala event.
Best Video Film and Cultural Center ("BVFCC") was created to preserve Best Video's rich archive and explore new ways to bring people, film, and music together. On November 1, 2016, BVFCC took over BEST VIDEO, a valued community space serving Greater New Haven with its world class film archive, performance space and coffee bar.
The entire film archive — one of the finest such collections in the country — remains in place and continues to grow with additions of more foreign and domestic films, documentaries, and television series. In addition, the music events, film screenings and other presentations in the performance space have been expanded to reach a broader community audience.
Our goal is to bring good movies and good people together. For customers who like the way we do that now, nothing will change. For just a few dollars, you will still be able to rent any movie in our archive. However, we now offer new membership formats that we believe better serve BEST VIDEO's diverse customers and provide more value and simpler access to our expansive archive and our music and film events.
We invite the support of every member of the BEST VIDEO family. If you are unable to make it to the concert, please consider making a donation. All amounts are greatly appreciated. We look forward to the participation of all of our existing members and are excited to welcome new members to our family as we continue in our efforts to enrich the cultural wealth of the greater New Haven region.
BVFCC Appeal an ongoing success—over $30,000 raised!
We are humbled and grateful for the tremendous outpouring of support and love—there really is no other word for it—that we have received from the community since we made our appeal for donations and memberships.
The "official" campaign, as defined by the Facebook event we created, lasted through last Tuesday, August 29. But we continue to get new households joining up for our monthly or annual membership plans.
As of mid-day Monday, September 4, we have raised over $30,000 through donations and supporters signing up for new memberships or upgrading the plans they already have. We have added almost 100 new members.
If you haven't already joined one of the plans but would like to, you can do so at this link or in person at Best Video Film & Cultural Center.
If you would like to donate, you can do so at this link or in person at Best Video Film & Cultural Center.
We are deeply grateful and humbled by the community's support.
Without a groundswell of support, Best Video faces the very real threat of having to shut our doors.
What happens in the very near future will determine whether Best Video Film and Cultural Center will close, will limp along, or will soar.
• If you are not already a member, become a member today by signing up online or coming into our space. Programming director Hank Hoffman suggests a target of 200 additional members over the next few months in order to have enough recurring revenue to cover our current operating expenses.
• Make a donation online (or in person). General manager Richard Brown says raising $20,000 would catch us up with bills currently owed to vendors. Even better, BVFCC Board of Directors President David Margolis points out that raising $50,000 would enable us to also pay off the remaining debt to Best Video founder Hank Paper and establish a financial cushion that would facilitate expanded community programming and improvements to the physical space.
After more than a year-and-a-half of operation, BVFCC is proud of the community support that has carried us this far. We have already raised over $35,000 in donations in the fiscal year beginning October 2016. Of particular note as a marker of the value the community places on Best Video, is this year's performance in The Great Give, the May online charity marathon organized by the Community Foundation for Greater New Haven. Out of some 500 worthy nonprofits, BVFCC finished in the Top 10 in number of individual donors and in the Top 25 in total contributions.
Unfortunately, despite our successes, when it comes to bringing in enough income to cover our expenses and pay off our debts, we are falling short. We have a 2nd Anniversary Gala celebration planned for November. We had hoped to get to that event without calling on the public but a slower than expected summer necessitates this appeal.
Presenting programming to delight and educate the community. Dr. Caterwaul's Cadre of Clairvoyant Claptraps playing music from "The Simpsons" TV show to a sold-out crowd this past July.
When we opened as a nonprofit in November 2015, we knew that the traditional video rental model was not viable. For several years leading up to Hank Paper's sale of Best Video's assets to BVFCC, rental income was decreasing by 20% a year. Anticipating that the trend would continue, we started offering annual membership plans. With membership plans starting at $10 per month, we projected that if we can reach 700-1,000 members by the end of the third year, we would be able to replace the rental income with membership revenue.
The good news is that almost 370 households have signed up for one of the three membership plans. The bad news is that—for BVFCC not to run into recurrent cash flow crises and, ultimately, face the awful decision to close—we need 200-500 more member households.
If BVFCC were just a "video store," we would have closed years ago. And perhaps deservedly so. But BVFCC is much more than that. It is a community gathering place, a performance venue, a film screening room, a national-level archive of the history of cinema, and a safe place for neighborhood children to come and hang out after school. It is a place where people, film, and music come together.
BVFCC exists bring people, film, and music together.Pre-Oscars Brunch this past February.
When you are a member of Best Video Film & Cultural Center—whether you pay on a recurring monthly basis or get a 10% discount by paying annually—BVFCC becomes your library of film. Depending on your level of membership, you get free admission to from 1-4 shows per month. Most importantly, you are part of a community dedicated to keeping BVFCC as an essential part of the cultural wealth of the greater New Haven area.
The red carpet rolls out when Best Video Film & Cultural Center hosts an afternoon Oscars brunch and fundraiser on Sunday, Feb. 26, from 4-6 PM. It's the perfect event to get ready for the evening Academy Awards ceremony. The Oscars brunch will be held at BVFCC, located at 1842 Whitney Avenue in Hamden.
Admission includes mimosas, a bagel bar, quiche and assorted desserts. Jazz duo Joe Carter (guitar) and Tim Moran (sax and flute) will provide background music.
Each attendee will be given an Oscar ballot to fill out with great prizes for those who correctly choose the most winners. Among the prizes are a $100 Wave Gallery gift card and a $100 Café Amici gift certificate. Drawings for door prizes will also be held throughout the event.
Tickets are $25 in advance—available at BVFCC or online through Brown Paper Tickets—or $30 at the door. Additional tax-deductible donations above the cost of the ticket are welcomed.
Please join us on Thursday, November 10, 2016, from 7—10 PM, in celebration of the first anniversary of Best Video Film and Cultural Center (BVFCC), a non-profit created to preserve Best Video's rich archive and explore new ways to bring people, film, and music together. On November 1, 2016, BVFCC purchased Best Video from founder Hank Paper and began running it as a cultural non-profit. The celebration will take place at The Ballroom at The Outer Space in Hamden.
• A lineup of superb local artists have offered to donate their talent for this event: jazz group Jeff Fuller & Friends, indie rock group Mercy Choir, roots rock trio The Bandidos and swing/blues group The Red Hots.
• We will be showing some locally made short films.
• There will also be munchies—wings, cheese platter, veggies and hummus, bruschetta.
Tickets are $25 but please consider making a donation over and above that amount. Supporters who donate over $100 will receive complimentary admission to the show. Donations in excess of the value of admission are tax-deductible as allowed by law.
Or, you can purchase tickets at BVFCC at 1842 Whitney Avenue in Hamden. Tickets will also be available at the door. If you can afford to make a donation over and above the ticket price, it is both tax-deductible and much appreciate. It is support like that which has enabled us to maintain the archive and expand our programming!
• BVFCC was officially recognized as a tax-deductible non-profit by the IRS.
• We have increased our programming with over 120 music events; more film screenings with larger turnouts and great discussions;more lectures on films by Yale Prof. Mark Schenker; and increased use of the Performance Space by community groups.
• We have organized a film festival — BestFest Student Films — to showcase the work of local high school students this fall.
Steve Rodgers, owner of The Space and The Outer Space, has generously donated use of The Ballroom for our inaugural event.
The entire film archive — one of the finest such collections in the country – remains in place and continues to grow with additions of more foreign and domestic films, documentaries, and television series. In addition, the music events, film screenings and other presentations in the performance space have been expanded to reach a broader community audience.
Our goal is to bring good movies and good people together. For customers who like the way we do that now, nothing will change. For just a few dollars, you will still be able to rent any movie in our archive. However, we now offer new membership formats that we believe better serve BEST VIDEO's diverse customers and provide more value and simpler access to our expansive archive.
For the benefit of Best Video Film & Cultural Center, we present "Vino Paradiso" on Wednesday, Oct. 5, from 5:30—7:30 PM. "Vino Paradiso" will be a wine tasting (with hors d'oeuvres served) led by Bob Feinn from Mt Carmel Wine and Spirits and local wine wholesalers in the round.
Tickets are $25 per person. Call BVFCC at (203) 287-9286 for reservations.
What better way to support your local grassroots cultural center than with a joyous evening sampling and learning about fine wines from local experts? Attendees have raved about our previous wine-tasting events and we expect this one to raise the oenophile bar.
BVFCC supporters Chris, Michael and Marianna (Michael's sister) adopted September as their month to serve as BEST Ambassadors, holding a tag sale that raised nearly $600 for BVFCC this past Saturday (Sept. 10) and spreading the word about membership and upcoming programing. They now challenge YOU to be BVFCC Ambassador for a month!!
• What is a BEST Ambassador?
BEST Ambassadors adopt a month during which they will spearhead some kind of fundraising, friendraising (awareness counts too!!) and publicity event of their own design. Chris and Michael, recent empty-nesters, wanted to find good homes for their accumulated stuff, but the motivation to organize a tag sale was lacking. When Marianna suggested they become BEST Ambassadors for September, and donate 100% of the proceeds of a tag sale to BVFCC, they had all the motivation they needed! Attached are early morning photos of the set-up before the bargain hunters began to stream in. Chris and Michael's house is now pristine, their stuff has found new life, BVFCC is nearly $600 richer, and more people know about this neighborhood treasure — a win-win!!!
• Chris and Michael challenge you to meet or beat this first showing!
What fun, creative, useful project or event can you organize that will raise some money and spread the word beyond the current circle of BVFCC supporters? Perhaps October's BEST Ambassadors will host a "dress your pet like your favorite movie star" contest in honor of Halloween, with a $15 fee to enter your pet, and a local celebrity judge. How about a chili cookoff as we move into colder weather in November? Movie aficionados might enjoy a movie trivia night where teams pay to compete. Throw in a 50-50 raffle at your event to generate a little more income! Use your imagination, and use social media so that the friends of the friends of the friends of BVFCC hear about your event and come just for the fun of it.
So pick a month and let BVFCC staffers Hank Hoffman or Richard Brown know about your planned event so it can be advertised in store communications. It would be great to have multiple ambassadors holding multiple events in any given month. Chris, Michael and Marianna are happy to share ideas and suggestions. We want this weekend's tag sale to be just the first in a long list of events that put the fun in fundraising!


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In response to Tohoku - Pacific Ocean Earthquake, a team of rescue of Singapore arrived at Narita Airport this afternoon. The rescue team consists of five rescue dogs and five relevant personnel. The team is scheduled to work at areas stricken by the disaster in Fukushima Prefecture.
From the Government of Singapore, letters of condolences and sympathy were sent from His Excellency S R Nathan, the President of the Republic of Singapore to His Majesty The Emperor and from Prime Minister LEE Hsien Loong to Prime Minister Kan respectively. The Government of Japan deeply appreciates the cooperation of the Government of Singapore.


Our objective is to show the possibility of integrating different developments in the field of argumentation. From informal logic, dialectical logic, natural logic, the study of fallacies, pragma-dialectics, semio-linguistics, and argumentation within language, among others, it is possible to build both descriptive and evaluative models of logic, dialectic, rhetoric, and the linguistic-semiotic dimensions of argumentation. We suggest the criteria for a typology of the main discursive-argumentative fu nctionings. This proposal thus intends to initiate a "new organon," in which argumentative dimensions are analyzed from the semiotic processes which allow the establishment of analytical bridges between them.